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| Economics : All Publications (in the database)
List most recent publications in the database. :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Abdulkadiroglu, Atila
@article{fds361899,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Grigoryan, A},
Title = {Priority-Based Assignment with Reserves and
Quotas},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds361899}
}
@article{fds361900,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Dur, U and Grigoryan, A},
Title = {School Assignment by Match Quality},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds361900}
}
@article{fds361901,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Che, Y-K and Pathak, PA and Roth, AE and Tercieux, O},
Title = {Efficiency, Justified Envy, and Incentives in Priority-Based
Matching},
Journal = {American Economic Review: Insights},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {425-442},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20190307},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Top trading cycles (TTC) is Pareto efficient and
strategy-proof in priority-based matching, but so are other
mechanisms including serial dictatorship. We show that TTC
minimizes justified envy among all Pareto-efficient and
strategy-proof mechanisms in one-to-one matching. In
many-to-one matching, TTC admits less justified envy than
serial dictatorship in an average sense. Empirical evidence
from New Orleans OneApp and Boston Public Schools shows that
TTC has significantly less justified envy than serial
dictatorship. (JEL C78, D61) </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/aeri.20190307},
Key = {fds361901}
}
@article{fds361902,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Grigoryan, A},
Title = {Efficient and Envy Minimal Matching},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds361902}
}
@article{fds361903,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Pathak, PA and Schellenberg, J and Walters,
CR},
Title = {Do parents value school effectiveness?†},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {110},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1502-1539},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20172040},
Abstract = {School choice may lead to improvements in school
productivity if parents’choices reward effective schools
and punish ineffective ones. This mechanism requires parents
to choose schools based on causal effectiveness rather than
peer characteristics. We study relationships among parent
preferences, peer quality, and causal effects on outcomes
for applicants to New York City’s centralized high school
assignment mechanism. We use applicants’ rank-ordered
choice lists to measure preferences and to construct
selection-corrected estimates of treatment effects on test
scores, high school graduation, college attendance, and
college quality. Parents prefer schools that enroll
high-achieving peers, and these schools generate larger
improvements in short- and long-run student outcomes.
Preferences are unrelated to school effectiveness and
academic match quality after controlling for peer
quality.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20172040},
Key = {fds361903}
}
@article{fds325223,
Author = {Abdulkadiroğlu, A and Pathak, PA and Walters,
CR},
Title = {Free to Choose: Can School Choice Reduce Student
Achievement?},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {175-206},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20160634},
Abstract = {A central argument for school choice is that parents can
choose schools wisely. This principle may underlie why
lottery-based school evaluations have almost always reported
positive or zero achievement effects. This paper reports on
a striking counterexample to these results. We use
randomized lotteries to evaluate the Louisiana Scholarship
Program, a voucher plan that provides public funds for
disadvantaged students to attend private schools. LSP
participation lowers math scores by 0.4 standard deviations
and also reduces achievement in reading, science, and social
studies. These effects may be due in part to selection of
low-quality private schools into the program.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20160634},
Key = {fds325223}
}
@article{fds331589,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Agarwal, N and Pathak, PA},
Title = {The welfare effects of coordinated assignment: Evidence from
the New York city high school match},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3635-3689},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151425},
Abstract = {Coordinated single-offer school assignment systems are a
popular education reform. We show that uncoordinated offers
in NYC's school assignment mechanism generated mismatches.
One-third of applicants were unassigned after the main round
and later administratively placed at less desirable schools.
We evaluate the effects of the new coordinated mechanism
based on deferred acceptance using estimated student
preferences. The new mechanism achieves 80 percent of the
possible gains from a no-choice neighborhood extreme to a
utilitarian benchmark. Coordinating offers dominates the
effects of further algorithm modifications. Students most
likely to be previously administratively assigned
experienced the largest gains in welfare and subsequent
achievement.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20151425},
Key = {fds331589}
}
@article{fds325224,
Author = {Abdulkadiroğlu, A and Angrist, JD and Narita, Y and Pathak,
PA},
Title = {Research Design Meets Market Design: Using Centralized
Assignment for Impact Evaluation},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1373-1432},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA13925},
Abstract = {A growing number of school districts use centralized
assignment mechanisms to allocate school seats in a manner
that reflects student preferences and school priorities.
Many of these assignment schemes use lotteries to ration
seats when schools are oversubscribed. The resulting random
assignment opens the door to credible quasi-experimental
research designs for the evaluation of school effectiveness.
Yet the question of how best to separate the
lottery-generated randomization integral to such designs
from non-random preferences and priorities remains open.
This paper develops easily-implemented empirical strategies
that fully exploit the random assignment embedded in a wide
class of mechanisms, while also revealing why seats are
randomized at one school but not another. We use these
methods to evaluate charter schools in Denver, one of a
growing number of districts that combine charter and
traditional public schools in a unified assignment system.
The resulting estimates show large achievement gains from
charter school attendance. Our approach generates efficiency
gains over ad hoc methods, such as those that focus on
schools ranked first, while also identifying a more
representative average causal effect. We also show how to
use centralized assignment mechanisms to identify causal
effects in models with multiple school sectors.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA13925},
Key = {fds325224}
}
@misc{fds326597,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Angrist, JD and Narita, Y and Pathak, PA and Zarate, RA},
Title = {Regression discontinuity in serial dictatorship: Achievement
effects at Chicago's exam schools},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Pages = {240-245},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171111},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20171111},
Key = {fds326597}
}
@article{fds328238,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Angrist, JD and Narita, Y and Pathak,
PA},
Title = {Research Design Meets Market Design: Using Centralized
Assignment for Impact Evaluation},
Journal = {Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper},
Number = {2080},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds328238}
}
@article{fds328239,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Che, Y-K and Pathak, PA and Roth, AE and Tercieux,
O},
Title = {Minimizing Justified Envy in School Choice: The Design of
New Orleans' Oneapp},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds328239}
}
@article{fds323210,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Angrist, JD and Hull, PD and Pathak,
PA},
Title = {Charters without lotteries: Testing takeovers in New Orleans
and Boston},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1878-1920},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150479},
Abstract = {Charter takeovers are traditional public schools restarted
as charter schools. We develop a grandfathering instrument
for takeover attendance that compares students at schools
designated for takeover with a matched sample of students
attending similar schools not yet taken over. Grandfathering
estimates from New Orleans show substantial gains from
takeover enrollment. In Boston, grandfathered students see
achievement gains at least as large as the gains for
students assigned charter seats in lotteries. A non-charter
Boston turnaround intervention that had much in common with
the takeover strategy generated gains as large as those seen
for takeovers, while other more modest turnaround
interventions yielded smaller effects.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20150479},
Key = {fds323210}
}
@article{fds285634,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Borgers, T and Kojima, F},
Title = {Letter from the editors},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-2},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-015-0170-0},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-015-0170-0},
Key = {fds285634}
}
@article{fds325679,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Agarwal, N and Pathak, PA},
Title = {The Welfare Effects of Coordinated Assignment: Evidence from
the NYC HS Match},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325679}
}
@article{fds325680,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Hu, W and Pathak, PA},
Title = {Small High Schools and Student Achievement: Lottery-Based
Evidence from New York City},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds325680}
}
@article{fds325225,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Bagwell, K},
Title = {Trust, Reciprocity, and Favors in Cooperative
Relationships},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We study trust, reciprocity, and favors in a repeated trust
game with private information. In our main analysis, players
are willing to exhibit trust and thereby facilitate
cooperative gains only if such behavior is regarded as a
favor that must be reciprocated, either immediately or in
the future. The size of a favor owed may decline over time,
following neutral periods. Indeed, a favor-exchange
relationship with this feature improves on a simple
favor-exchange relationship. In some settings, an infrequent
and symmetric punishment sustains greater cooperation. A
honeymoon period followed by favor-exchange or symmetric
punishment can also offer scope for improvement. (JEL C73,
D82, Z13)},
Key = {fds325225}
}
@misc{fds325226,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Soenmez, T},
Title = {Matching Markets: Theory and Practice},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN ECONOMICS AND ECONOMETRICS, VOL I: ECONOMIC
THEORY},
Number = {49},
Pages = {3-47},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Editor = {Acemoglu, D and Arellano, M and Dekel, E},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325226}
}
@article{fds285648,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Angrist, JD and Dynarski, SM and Kane, TJ and Pathak, PA},
Title = {Erratum: Accountability and flexibility in public schools:
Evidence fromboston's charters and pilots},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {126},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2133-2134},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjr047},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjr047},
Key = {fds285648}
}
@article{fds285647,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Angrist, JD and Dynarski, SM and Kane, TJ and Pathak, PA},
Title = {Accountability and flexibility in public schools: Evidence
from boston's charters and pilots},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {126},
Number = {2},
Pages = {699-748},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjr017},
Abstract = {We use student assignment lotteries to estimate the effect
of charter school attendance onstudent achievement in
Boston. We also evaluate a related alternative, Boston's
pilot schools. Pilot schools have some of the independence
of charter schools but are in the Boston Public School
district and are covered by some collective bargaining
provisions. Lottery estimates show large and significant
score gains for charter students in middle and high school.
In contrast, lottery estimates for pilot school students
aremostly small and insignificant, with some significant
negative effects. Charter schools with binding assignment
lotteries appear togenerate larger gains thanother charters.
© The Author(s) 2011. Published by Oxford University Press,
on behalf of President and Fellows of Harvard College. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjr017},
Key = {fds285647}
}
@article{fds285646,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Che, YK and Yasuda, Y},
Title = {Resolving conflicting preferences in school choice: The
"boston Mechanism" reconsidered},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {1},
Pages = {399-410},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.1.399},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.1.399},
Key = {fds285646}
}
@article{fds285633,
Author = {Abdulkadiroğlu, A and Sönmez, T},
Title = {Matching markets: Theory and practice},
Pages = {1-47},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139060011.002},
Abstract = {It has been almost a half-century since David Gale and Lloyd
Shapley (1962) published their pathbreaking paper,
“College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage,” in
American Mathematical Monthly. It is difficult to know
whether Gale and Shapley expected the literature they
initiated to be used to improve the lives of masses of
people all around the world. We are fortunate to see that
this is happening today. The model that Gale and Shapley
presented is very simple. A number of boys and girls have
preferences for one another and would like to be matched.
The question Gale and Shapley were interested in especially
was whether there is a “stable” way to match each boy
with a girl so that no unmatched pair can find out later
that they can both do better by matching each other. Gale
and Shapley found that indeed there is such a stable
matching, and they presented a deferred-acceptance algorithm
that achieves this objective. Versions of the algorithm are
used today to match hospitals with medical residents and
students with public schools in New York City and Boston. In
1974, Lloyd Shapley and Herbert Scarf published a related
paper, “On Cores and Indivisibility,” in the first issue
of the Journal of Mathematical Economics. Arguably, their
model was the simplest exchange economy we could imagine.
Each agent comes to the market with one indivisible good and
seeks to trade it for more preferred goods that might be
brought by other agents.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139060011.002},
Key = {fds285633}
}
@article{fds285645,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Pathak, PA and Roth, AE},
Title = {Strategy-proofness versus Efficiency in Matching with
Indifferences: Redesigning the NYC High School
Match},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {99},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1954-1978},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3354 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The design of the New York City (NYC) high school match
involved trade-offs among efficiency, stability, and
strategy-proofness that raise new theoretical questions. We
analyze a model with indifferences-ties-in school
preferences. Simulations with field data and the theory
favor breaking indifferences the same way at every
school-single tiebreaking-in a student-proposing deferred
acceptance mechanism. Any inefficiency associated with a
realized tiebreaking cannot be removed without harming
student incentives. Finally, we empirically document the
extent of potential efficiency loss associated with
strategy-proofness and stability, and direct attention to
some open questions. (JEL C78, D82, I21).},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.99.5.1954},
Key = {fds285645}
}
@article{fds323211,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Che, Y-K and Yasuda, Y},
Title = {Expanding "Choice" in School Choice},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-42},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20120027},
Abstract = {Truthful revelation of preferences has emerged as a
desideratum in the design of school choice programs.
Gale-Shapley's deferred acceptance mechanism is
strategy-proof for students but limits their ability to
communicate their preference intensities. This results in
ex-ante inefficiency when ties at school preferences are
broken randomly. We propose a variant of deferred acceptance
mechanism which allows students to influence how they are
treated in ties. It maintains truthful revelation of ordinal
preferences and supports a greater scope of
efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20120027},
Key = {fds323211}
}
@article{fds285644,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A},
Title = {College admissions with affirmative action},
Journal = {International Journal of Game Theory},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {535-549},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0020-7276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-005-0215-7},
Abstract = {This paper first shows that when colleges' preferences are
substitutable there does not exist any stable matching
mechanism that makes truthful revelation of preferences a
dominant strategy for every student. The paper introduces
student types and captures colleges' preferences for
affirmative action via type-specific quotas: A college
always prefers a set of students that respects its
type-specific quotas to another set that violates them. Then
it shows that the student-applying deferred acceptance
mechanism makes truthful revelation of preferences a
dominant strategy for every student if each college's
preferences satisfy responsiveness over acceptable sets of
students that respect its type-specific quotas. These
results have direct policy implications in several
entry-level labor markets (Roth 1991). Furthermore, a
fairness notion and the related incentive theory developed
here is applied to controlled choice in the context of
public school choice by Abdulkadiroǧ lu and Sönmez (2003).
© Springer-Verlag 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00182-005-0215-7},
Key = {fds285644}
}
@article{fds285641,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Pathak, PA and Roth, AE and Sönmez,
T},
Title = {The Boston public school match},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {368-371},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282805774669637},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774669637},
Key = {fds285641}
}
@article{fds285643,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Pathak, PA and Roth, AE and Milgrom,
P},
Title = {The New York City high school match},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {364-367},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282805774670167},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774670167},
Key = {fds285643}
}
@article{fds285642,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Sönmez, T and Ünver, MU},
Title = {Room assignment-rent division: A market approach},
Journal = {Social Choice and Welfare},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {515-538},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-003-0231-0},
Abstract = {A group of friends consider renting a house but they shall
first agree on how to allocate its rooms and share the rent.
We propose an auction mechanism for room assignment-rent
division problems which mimics the market mechanism. Our
auction mechanism is efficient, envy-free,
individually-rational and it yields a non-negative price to
each room whenever that is possible with
envy-freeness.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00355-003-0231-0},
Key = {fds285642}
}
@article{fds285640,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Sönmez, T},
Title = {Ordinal efficiency and dominated sets of
assignments},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {112},
Number = {1},
Pages = {157-172},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1940 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Using lotteries is a common tool for allocating indivisible
goods. Since obtaining preferences over lotteries is often
difficult, real-life mechanisms usually rely on ordinal
preferences over deterministic outcomes. Bogomolnaia and
Moulin (J. Econom. Theory 19 (2002) 623) show that the
outcome of an ex post efficient mechanism may be
stochastically dominated. They define a random assignment to
be ordinally efficient if and only if it is not
stochastically dominated. In this paper we investigate the
relation between ex post efficiency and ordinal efficiency.
We introduce a new notion of domination defined over sets of
assignments and show that a lottery induces an ordinally
efficient random assignment if and only if each subset of
the full support of the lottery is undominated. © 2003
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0022-0531(03)00091-7},
Key = {fds285640}
}
@article{fds285639,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Sönmez, T},
Title = {School choice: A mechanism design approach},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {93},
Number = {3},
Pages = {729-747},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803322157061},
Abstract = {A central issue in school choice is the design of a student
assignment mechanism. Education literature provides guidance
for the design of such mechanisms but does not offer
specific mechanisms. The flaws in the existing school choice
plans result in appeals by unsatisfied parents. We formulate
the school choice problem as a mechanism design problem and
analyze some of the existing school choice plans including
those in Boston, Columbus, Minneapolis, and Seattle. We show
that these existing plans have serious shortcomings, and
offer two alternative mechanisms each of which may provide a
practical solution to some critical school choice
issues.},
Doi = {10.1257/000282803322157061},
Key = {fds285639}
}
@article{fds285638,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Kuruşçu, B and Şahin,
A},
Title = {Unemployment insurance and the role of self-insurance},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {681-703},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1094-2025},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/redy.2002.0159},
Abstract = {This paper employs a dynamic general equilibrium model to
design and evaluate long-term unemployment insurance plans
(plans that depend on workers' unemployment history) in
economies with and without hidden savings. We show that
optimal benefit schemes and welfare implications differ
considerably in these two economies. Switching to long-term
plans can improve welfare significantly in the absence of
hidden savings. However, welfare gains are much lower when
we consider hidden savings. Therefore, we argue that
switching to long-term plans should not be a primary concern
from a policy point of view. Journal of Economic Literature
Classification Numbers: J65, D82. © 2002 Elsevier Science
(USA).},
Doi = {10.1006/redy.2002.0159},
Key = {fds285638}
}
@article{fds325230,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Chung, K-S},
Title = {Mechanism design with tacit collusion},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {In the mechanism design literature, collusion is often
modelled as agents signing side contracts. This modelling
approach is in turn implicitly justified by some unspecified
repeated-interaction story. In this paper, we first
second-guess what kind of repeated-interaction story these
side-contract theorists (would admit that they) are having
in mind. We then show that, within this repeated-interaction
story, there is a big difference between communicative and
tacit collusion. While communicative collusion hurts the
mechanism designer, tacit collusion is exploitable.},
Key = {fds325230}
}
@article{fds285637,
Author = {Abdulkadiroglu, A and Sönmez, T},
Title = {House Allocation with Existing Tenants},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Pages = {233-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1999.2553},
Abstract = {In many real-life applications of house allocation problems,
whenever an existing tenant wants to move, he needs to give
up his current house before getting another one. This
practice discourages existing tenants from such attempts and
results in loss of potentially large gains from trade.
Motivated by this observation, we propose a simple mechanism
that is Pareto efficient, individually rational, and
strategy-proof. Our approach is constructive and we provide
two algorithms, each of which can be used to find the
outcome of this mechanism. One additional merit of this
mechanism is that it can accommodate any hierarchy of
seniorities. Journal of Economic Literature Classification
Numbers: C71, C78, D71, DF8. © 1999 Academic
Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.1999.2553},
Key = {fds285637}
}
@article{fds285636,
Author = {Abdulkadiroǧlu, A and Sönmez, T},
Title = {Random serial dictatorship and the core from random
endowments in house allocation problems},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {689-701},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1866 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.2307/2998580},
Key = {fds285636}
}
%% Ábrahám, Árpád J
@misc{fds10806,
Author = {A. Abraham},
Title = {"Wage differentials and educational policy with skill-biased
technological change in OG setting"},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds10806}
}
@misc{fds10809,
Author = {A. Abraham and Gabor Kezdi},
Title = {"Long-run trends in earnings and employment in Hungary,
1972-1996"},
Publisher = {Budapest Working Papers On the Labour Market, BWO 2000/2,
Budapest},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds10809}
}
@misc{fds10810,
Author = {A. Abraham and Reka Horvath},
Title = {"Employment and Labour Market in Hungary"},
Publisher = {Working Document of the European Training Foundation and the
European Commission},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds10810}
}
@misc{fds10811,
Author = {A. Abraham},
Title = {"Wage differentials under "education-biased" technological
progress in OLG setting"},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds10811}
}
@misc{fds20288,
Author = {A. Abraham and Gabor Kertesi},
Title = {"Unemployment Differentials in Hungary: The Role of Race and
Human Capital"},
Booktitle = {Hungary: Towards a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Halpern and Wyplosz},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds20288}
}
@article{fds11881,
Author = {A. Abraham and Istvan Janos Toth},
Title = {"Income Structure and Distribution of the Tax
Burden"},
Journal = {Acta Oeconomica},
Pages = {271-295},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds11881}
}
@article{fds20289,
Author = {A. Abraham and István János Tóth},
Title = {"Income Structure and Distribution of the Tax
Burden"},
Journal = {Acta Oeconomica},
Pages = {271-295},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds20289}
}
%% Abrahams, Scott
@article{fds352483,
Author = {Abrahams, S},
Title = {Officer differences in traffic stops of minority
drivers},
Journal = {Labour Economics},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {101912-101912},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101912},
Abstract = {This paper uses a finite mixture model to demonstrate that
some police officers are more likely than others to stop
black drivers. The conclusion is one that though widely
believed has proven challenging to establish empirically. By
doing so, the paper makes two contributions, one conceptual
and one statistical. First, it more closely aligns with the
understanding of racial profiling as signifying that black
individuals experience more frequent interaction with the
police. While disproportional susceptibility to vehicle
searches also exemplifies profiling, being pulled over is a
much more common margin for potential profiling, which this
paper models a tractable way of identifying. Second, studies
of secondary decisions such as searches frequently assume
that there is no bias in the initial stop decision. An
analysis of traffic stops across eight states questions this
assumption, concluding that stopped drivers constitute a
selected sample. Although bias is theoretically continuous,
average behavior actually fits well into two distinct
groups, with 30–40% of officers in the group that exhibits
a relatively high propensity to stop black drivers. The
implication is that race-based policing is more prevalent
than the “rotten apples” theory might
suggest.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101912},
Key = {fds352483}
}
@article{fds352484,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Abrahams, S and AlFakhri, M and Hotz, VJ and Schoeni,
RF and Seltzer, JA},
Title = {Disparities in vulnerability to complications from COVID-19
arising from disparities in preexisting conditions in the
United States.},
Journal = {Research in Social Stratification and Mobility},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {100553},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100553},
Abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has magnified U.S. health disparities.
Though disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization by
race-ethnicity are large, disparities by income and
education have not been studied. Using an index based on
preexisting health conditions and age, we estimate
disparities in vulnerability to hospitalization from
COVID-19 by income, education, and race-ethnicity for U.S.
adults. The index uses estimates of health condition and age
effects on hospitalization for respiratory distress prior to
the pandemic validated on COVID-19 hospitalizations. We find
vulnerability arising from preexisting conditions is nearly
three times higher for bottom versus top income quartile
adults and 60 % higher for those with a high-school degree
relative to a college degree. Though non-Hispanic Blacks are
more vulnerable than non-Hispanic Whites at comparable ages,
among all adults the groups are equally vulnerable because
non-Hispanic Blacks are younger. Hispanics are the least
vulnerable. Results suggest that income and education
disparities in hospitalization are likely large and should
be examined directly to further understand the unequal
impact of the pandemic.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100553},
Key = {fds352484}
}
@article{fds345602,
Author = {Flabbi, L and Piras, C and Abrahams, S},
Title = {Female corporate leadership in Latin America and the
Caribbean region: Representation and firm-level
outcomes},
Journal = {International Journal of Manpower},
Volume = {38},
Number = {6},
Pages = {790-818},
Publisher = {Emerald},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJM-10-2015-0180},
Abstract = {Purpose: Despite gender parity in the general working
population, the higher up one looks in ranks within the firm
the fewer women one finds. This under-representation of
women in top positions at firms is purportedly even more
acute in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). LAC is a
large and increasingly important region of the world where
women are well-represented in the workforce and are
comparatively better educated than men. Documenting if this
resource is utilized at full potential is therefore of
crucial importance. The purpose of this paper is to document
the level and impact of female representation at the
executive level in the region, as no systematic study exists
on this topic. Design/methodology/approach: The authors
collect an original database of publicly listed companies to
determine prevailing gender ratios among board members and
executives in LAC region. The authors then estimate whether
companies with women board members are more likely to
appoint women executives. Finally, the authors estimate
whether measures of female leadership at the firm are
correlated with company performance. Findings: The authors
find that women are as under-represented in LAC as in the
USA, but much less so in the Caribbean. The authors find
that companies with women board members are more likely to
appoint women executives in LAC. The authors find that
measures of female leadership at the firm are correlated
with company performance but only regarding board membership
and only when the proportion of women on the board is
greater than 30 percent. Again composition effects are
important. Overall, the authors conclude that the LAC region
exhibits empirical regularities about under-representation
of women in leadership positions at the firm that are very
similar to those found for high-income countries in Europe
and North America. Originality/value: The authors are the
first and so far unique systematic study exists able to
document the level and impact of female representation at
the executive level in the region.},
Doi = {10.1108/IJM-10-2015-0180},
Key = {fds345602}
}
%% Adler, Matthew D.
@article{fds324453,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {A Better Calculus for Regulators: From Cost-Benefit Analysis
to the Social Welfare Function},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds324453}
}
@article{fds340880,
Author = {Adler, M and Treich, N},
Title = {Utilitarianism, Prioritarianism, and Intergenerational
Equity: A Cake Eating Model},
Journal = {Mathematical Social Sciences},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {94-102},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2017.03.005},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2017.03.005},
Key = {fds340880}
}
@article{fds340881,
Author = {Adler, MD and Anthoff, D and Bosetti, V and Garner, G and Keller, K and Treich, N},
Title = {Priority for the Worse Off and the Social Cost of
Carbon},
Journal = {CESifo Working Paper Series},
Number = {6032},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds340881}
}
@book{fds310015,
Author = {Adler, M and Fleurbaey, M},
Title = {Oxford Handbook of Well-Being and Public
Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds310015}
}
@misc{fds321471,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis and Social Welfare
Functions},
Journal = {RegBlog},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds321471}
}
@misc{fds317171,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Inequality of What?},
Journal = {OUPblog},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds317171}
}
@article{fds265799,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Aggregating Moral Preferences},
Journal = {Economics & Philosophy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {283-321},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3544},
Key = {fds265799}
}
@article{fds265829,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Benefit-Cost Analysis and Distributional Weights: An
Overview},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics & Policy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {264-285},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3110/},
Key = {fds265829}
}
@article{fds321470,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Justice, Claims and Prioritarianism: Room for
Desert?},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds321470}
}
@article{fds315570,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Behavioral Economics, Happiness Surveys, and Public
Policy},
Journal = {Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds315570}
}
@misc{fds315944,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Extended Preferences},
Pages = {476},
Booktitle = {Oxford Handbook of Well-Being & Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds315944}
}
@misc{fds323702,
Author = {Adler, M and Cookson, R and Cotton-Barrett, O and Asaria, M and Ord,
T},
Title = {Years of Good Life Based on Income and Health:
Re-Engineering Cost-Benefit Analysis to Examine Policy
Impact on Wellbeing and Distributive Justice},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds323702}
}
@article{fds265800,
Author = {Adler, M and Trench, N},
Title = {Prioritarianism and Climate Change},
Journal = {Environmental & Resource Economics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-308},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds265800}
}
@article{fds265801,
Author = {Adler, M and Dolan, P and Kavetsos, G},
Title = {Would You Choose to be Happy? Tradeoffs Between Happiness
and the Other Dimensions of Life in a Large Population
Survey},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3507/},
Key = {fds265801}
}
@article{fds265831,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Equity by the Numbers: Measuring Poverty, Inequality, and
Injustice},
Journal = {Alabama Law Review},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {551-607},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3064/},
Key = {fds265831}
}
@misc{fds265805,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Value and Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Pages = {317-337},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Value Theory},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds265805}
}
@misc{fds265817,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Welfarism, Equity, and the Choice Between Statistical and
Identified Victims},
Pages = {53-76},
Booktitle = {Identified Versus Statistical Lives: An Interdisciplinary
Perspective},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds265817}
}
@misc{fds315985,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {The Ethical Value of Risk Reduction: Utilitarianism,
Prioritarianism and Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Pages = {9-29},
Booktitle = {Ethics & Risk Management},
Publisher = {Information Age Publishing},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds315985}
}
@article{fds265802,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Using and Improving the Social Cost of Carbon},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {346},
Pages = {1189-1190},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6214/1189.full},
Key = {fds265802}
}
@article{fds265803,
Author = {Adler, M and Treich, N},
Title = {Consumption, Risk, and Prioritarianism},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3379},
Key = {fds265803}
}
@article{fds265804,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Journal of Moral Philosophy},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds265804}
}
@article{fds265807,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Extended Preferences and Interpersonal Comparisons: A New
Account},
Journal = {Economics & Philosophy},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {123-162},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3484/},
Key = {fds265807}
}
@article{fds265878,
Author = {Adler, M and Hammitt, J and Treich, N},
Title = {The Social Value of Mortality Risk Reduction: VSL vs. the
Social Welfare Function Approach},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {82-93},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2539/},
Key = {fds265878}
}
@article{fds319045,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Oeconomia: History, Methodology, Philosophy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-85},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds319045}
}
@article{fds265830,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {The Pigou-Dalton Principle and the Structure of Distributive
Justice},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3065/},
Key = {fds265830}
}
@article{fds265879,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Happiness Surveys and Public Policy: What's the
Use?},
Journal = {Duke Law Journal},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {1509-1601},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/dlj/vol62/iss8/2/},
Key = {fds265879}
}
@misc{fds265806,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Happiness, Health and Leisure: Valuing the Nonconsumption
Impacts of Unemployment},
Pages = {150-169},
Booktitle = {Does Regulation Kill Jobs?},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds265806}
}
@misc{fds265818,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Philosophy and the Social
Sciences},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds265818}
}
@book{fds265828,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Well-Being and Fair Distribution: Beyond Cost Benefit
Analysis},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/717302950},
Key = {fds265828}
}
@article{fds265843,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Interpretive Contestation and Legal Correctness},
Journal = {William & Mary Law Review},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {1115-1136},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2857/},
Key = {fds265843}
}
@article{fds316627,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Harsanyi 2.0},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3609/},
Key = {fds316627}
}
@article{fds265816,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Ethics},
Volume = {120},
Pages = {831-836},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds265816}
}
@article{fds265875,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Contingent Valuation Studies and Health Policy},
Journal = {Health Economics, Policy & Law},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {123-131},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2618},
Key = {fds265875}
}
@misc{fds265821,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Regulatory Theory},
Pages = {590-606},
Booktitle = {A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal
Theory},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds265821}
}
@book{fds310016,
Author = {Adler, M and Himma, K},
Title = {The Rule of Recognition and the Constitution},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds310016}
}
@article{fds265854,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {New Foundations of Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {Regulation & Governance},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {72-83},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds265854}
}
@article{fds265874,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Future Generations: A Prioritarian View},
Journal = {George Washington Law Review},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {1478-1520},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2556/},
Key = {fds265874}
}
@misc{fds265820,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Social Facts, Constitutional Interpretation, and the Rule of
Recognition},
Pages = {193},
Booktitle = {The Rule of Recognition and the U.S. Constitution},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds265820}
}
@misc{fds265823,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {On (Moral) Philosophy and American Legal
Scholarship},
Pages = {114-121},
Booktitle = {On Philosophy in American Law},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds265823}
}
@misc{fds265824,
Author = {Adler, M and Himma, K},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {xiii},
Booktitle = {The Rule of Recognition and the U.S. Constitution},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds265824}
}
@misc{fds265826,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Bounded Rationality and Legal Scholarship},
Pages = {137},
Booktitle = {Theoretical Foundations of Law and Economics},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds265826}
}
@article{fds265837,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {Happiness Research and Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {37},
Pages = {S253-S292},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2560/},
Key = {fds265837}
}
@article{fds265846,
Author = {Adler, M and Dolan, P},
Title = {Introducing a 'Different Lives' Approach to the Valuation of
Health and Well-Being},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2558},
Key = {fds265846}
}
@article{fds265873,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Risk Equity: A New Proposal},
Journal = {Harvard Environmental Law Review},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {1-47},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2571/},
Key = {fds265873}
}
@article{fds265844,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Why De Minimis?},
Volume = {2007},
Pages = {7-12},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2559/},
Key = {fds265844}
}
@article{fds265845,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Well-Being, Inequality and Time: The Time-Slice Problem and
its Policy Implications},
Volume = {2007},
Pages = {7-17},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2557/},
Key = {fds265845}
}
@article{fds265849,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Policy Analysis for Natural Hazards: Some Cautionary Lessons
From Environmental Policy Analysis},
Journal = {Administrative & Regulatory Law News},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {11-14},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2611},
Key = {fds265849}
}
@article{fds265853,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Corrective Justice and Liability for Global
Warming},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {155},
Pages = {1859-1867},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2610},
Key = {fds265853}
}
@article{fds265877,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Economic Growth and the Interests of Future (and Past and
Present) Generations: A Comment on Tyler
Cowen},
Journal = {University of Chicago Law Review},
Volume = {74},
Pages = {41-49},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2612/},
Key = {fds265877}
}
@misc{fds265822,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Law and Society: American and Global
Perspectives},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds265822}
}
@book{fds265827,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {New Foundations of Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.worldcat.org/title/new-foundations-of-cost-benefit-analysis/oclc/65187391},
Key = {fds265827}
}
@article{fds265838,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {QALYs and Policy Evaluation: A New Perspective},
Journal = {Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law & Ethics},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {1-92},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2575/},
Key = {fds265838}
}
@article{fds265839,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Popular Constitutionalism and the Rule of Recognition: Whose
Practices Ground U.S. Law?},
Journal = {Northwestern University Law Review},
Volume = {100},
Pages = {719-806},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2576/},
Key = {fds265839}
}
@article{fds265840,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Constitutional Fidelity, the Rule of Recognition, and the
Communitarian Turn in Contemporary Positivism},
Journal = {Fordham Law Review},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {1671-1696},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2574},
Key = {fds265840}
}
@article{fds265841,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Welfare Polls: A Synthesis},
Journal = {New York University Law Review},
Volume = {81},
Pages = {1875-1970},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2573/},
Key = {fds265841}
}
@article{fds265842,
Author = {Adler, M and Sanchirico, C},
Title = {Inequality and Uncertainty: Theory and Legal
Applications},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {155},
Pages = {279-377},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2572/},
Key = {fds265842}
}
@article{fds265852,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis: New Foundations},
Journal = {Legislacao: Cadernos de Ciencia de Legislacao},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {63},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds265852}
}
@article{fds265876,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Policy Analysis for Natural Hazards: Some Cautionary Lessons
from Environmental Policy Analysis},
Journal = {Duke Law Journal},
Volume = {56},
Pages = {1-50},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/dlj/vol56/iss1/1/},
Key = {fds265876}
}
@misc{fds265819,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Equity Analysis and Natural Hazards Policy},
Booktitle = {On Risk and Disaster: Lessons from Hurricane
Katrina},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds265819}
}
@article{fds265815,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Ethics},
Volume = {115},
Pages = {824-828},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5290&context=faculty_scholarship},
Key = {fds265815}
}
@article{fds265851,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cognitivism, Controversy and Moral Heuristics},
Journal = {Behavioral & Brain Sciences},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {542-543},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds265851}
}
@article{fds265871,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Against 'Individual Risk': A Sympathetic Critique of Risk
Assessment},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {153},
Pages = {1122-1250},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2589/},
Key = {fds265871}
}
@article{fds265872,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Justification, Legitimacy, and Administrative
Governance},
Journal = {Issues in Legal Scholarship},
Volume = {2005},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2588},
Key = {fds265872}
}
@article{fds315986,
Author = {Dowell Earl and H and Epureanu Bogdan and I},
Title = {Nonlinear: Introduction},
Journal = {Nonlinear Dynamics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-005-6551-0},
Doi = {10.1007/s11071-005-6551-0},
Key = {fds315986}
}
@article{fds265810,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis, Static Efficiency, and the Goals of
Environmental Law},
Journal = {Environmental Affairs},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {591-605},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds265810}
}
@article{fds265850,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Fear Assessment: Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Pricing of
Fear and Anxiety},
Journal = {Administrative & Regulatory Law News},
Volume = {29},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds265850}
}
@article{fds265870,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Fear Assessment: Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Pricing of
Fear and Anxiety},
Journal = {Chicago-Kent Law Review},
Volume = {79},
Pages = {977-1053},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2591/},
Key = {fds265870}
}
@article{fds265809,
Author = {Adler, M and Finkelstein, C and Huang, P},
Title = {Introduction to Symposium, Preferences and Rational Choice:
New Perspectives and Legal Implications},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Pages = {707-715},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2617/},
Key = {fds265809}
}
@article{fds265866,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {The Puzzle of Ex Ante Efficiency: Does Rational
Approvability have Moral Weight?},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {151},
Pages = {707},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2598/},
Key = {fds265866}
}
@article{fds265867,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Risk, Death and Harm: The Normative Foundations of Risk
Regulation},
Journal = {Minnesota Law Review},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {1293-1445},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2597/},
Key = {fds265867}
}
@article{fds265868,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Legal Transitions: Some Welfarist Remarks},
Journal = {Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {5-28},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2595/},
Key = {fds265868}
}
@article{fds265869,
Author = {Adler, M and Dorf, M},
Title = {Constitutional Existence Conditions and Judicial
Review},
Journal = {Virginia Law Review},
Volume = {89},
Pages = {1105-1202},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2594/},
Key = {fds265869}
}
@misc{fds265825,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Does the Constitution Require (Basic or Strengthened) Public
Rationality?},
Booktitle = {Linking Law and Political Science},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds265825}
}
@article{fds265814,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Notre Dame Philosophical Review: An Electronic
Journal},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/3608/},
Key = {fds265814}
}
@article{fds265848,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {The Positive Political Theory of Cost-Benefit Analysis: A
Comment on Johnston},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {150},
Pages = {1429-1451},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2614},
Key = {fds265848}
}
@article{fds265836,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Expression and Appearance: A Comment on Hellman},
Journal = {Maryland Law Review},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {688-712},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2627},
Key = {fds265836}
}
@article{fds265847,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Risk, Death and Time: A Comment on Judge Williams' Defense
of Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {Administrative Law Review},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {271-287},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2625/},
Key = {fds265847}
}
@book{fds310017,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis: Legal, Economic, and Philosophical
Perspectives},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds310017}
}
@article{fds265808,
Author = {Adler, M and Dorf, M},
Title = {Rights and Rules: An Overview},
Journal = {Legal Theory},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {241-251},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2631},
Key = {fds265808}
}
@article{fds265813,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Philosophy in Review},
Volume = {20},
Pages = {142-145},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2634},
Key = {fds265813}
}
@article{fds265834,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {Introduction, to Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {837-842},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2633/},
Key = {fds265834}
}
@article{fds265835,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Linguistic Meaning, Nonlinguistic "Expression," and the
Multiple Variants of Expressivism: A Reply to Professors
Anderson and Pildes},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {148},
Pages = {1577-1594},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2626/},
Key = {fds265835}
}
@article{fds265861,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {Implementing Cost-Benefit Analysis When Preferences Are
Distorted},
Journal = {Perspectives: Teaching Legal Research and
Writing},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {1105-1147},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2608},
Key = {fds265861}
}
@article{fds265862,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Expressive Theories of Law: A Skeptical Overview},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {148},
Pages = {1363-1501},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2603/},
Key = {fds265862}
}
@article{fds265863,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Personal Rights and Rule-Dependence: Can the Two
Coexist?},
Journal = {Legal Theory},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {337-389},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2604/},
Key = {fds265863}
}
@article{fds265864,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Beyond Efficiency and Procedure: A Welfarist Theory of
Regulation},
Journal = {Florida State University Law Review},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {241-338},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2599/},
Key = {fds265864}
}
@article{fds265865,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Rights, Rules and the Structure of Constitutional
Adjudication: A Response to Professor Fallon},
Journal = {Harvard Law Review},
Volume = {113},
Pages = {1371-1420},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2601/},
Key = {fds265865}
}
@article{fds265812,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Book Review},
Journal = {Philosophy in Review},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {168-171},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2639/},
Key = {fds265812}
}
@article{fds265860,
Author = {Adler, M and Posner, E},
Title = {Rethinking Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {Yale Law Journal},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {165-247},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2602/},
Key = {fds265860}
}
@article{fds265832,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Law and Incommensurability: Introduction},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {146},
Pages = {1169-1184},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2638},
Key = {fds265832}
}
@article{fds265833,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Can Constitutional Borrowing be Justified? A Comment on
Tushnet},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional
Law},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {350-357},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2632/},
Key = {fds265833}
}
@article{fds265857,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Incommensurability and Cost-Benefit Analysis},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {146},
Pages = {1371-1418},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2607/},
Key = {fds265857}
}
@article{fds265858,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Rights Against Rules: The Moral Structure of American
Constitutional Law},
Journal = {Michigan Law Review},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {1-173},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2600/},
Key = {fds265858}
}
@article{fds265859,
Author = {Adler, M and Kreimer, S},
Title = {The New Etiquette of Federalism: New York, Printz and
Yeskey},
Journal = {Supreme Court Review},
Volume = {1998},
Pages = {71-143},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2605/},
Key = {fds265859}
}
@article{fds265856,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {Judicial Restraint in the Administrative State: Beyond the
Countermajoritarian Difficulty},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {145},
Pages = {759-892},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2609},
Key = {fds265856}
}
@article{fds265855,
Author = {Adler, M},
Title = {What States Owe Outsiders},
Journal = {Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly},
Volume = {20},
Pages = {391-438},
Year = {1993},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/2607/},
Key = {fds265855}
}
%% Akande, Olanrewaju
@article{fds346946,
Author = {Akande, O and Barrientos, A and Reiter, JP},
Title = {Simultaneous Edit and Imputation For Household Data with
Structural Zeros},
Journal = {Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {498-519},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jssam/smy022},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Multivariate
categorical data nested within households often include
reported values that fail edit constraints—for example, a
participating household reports a child’s age as older
than his biological parent’s age—and have missing
values. Generally, agencies prefer datasets to be free from
erroneous or missing values before analyzing them or
disseminating them to secondary data users. We present a
model-based engine for editing and imputation of household
data based on a Bayesian hierarchical model that includes
(i) a nested data Dirichlet process mixture of products of
multinomial distributions as the model for the true latent
values of the data, truncated to allow only households that
satisfy all edit constraints, (ii) a model for the location
of errors, and (iii) a reporting model for the observed
responses in error. The approach propagates uncertainty due
to unknown locations of errors and missing values, generates
plausible datasets that satisfy all edit constraints, and
can preserve multivariate relationships within and across
individuals in the same household. We illustrate the
approach using data from the 2012 American Community
Survey.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/jssam/smy022},
Key = {fds346946}
}
@article{fds337994,
Author = {Akande, O and Li, F and Reiter, J},
Title = {An Empirical Comparison of Multiple Imputation Methods for
Categorical Data},
Journal = {The American Statistician},
Volume = {71},
Number = {2},
Pages = {162-170},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2016.1277158},
Abstract = {Multiple imputation is a common approach for dealing with
missing values in statistical databases. The imputer fills
in missing values with draws from predictive models
estimated from the observed data, resulting in multiple,
completed versions of the database. Researchers have
developed a variety of default routines to implement
multiple imputation; however, there has been limited
research comparing the performance of these methods,
particularly for categorical data. We use simulation studies
to compare repeated sampling properties of three default
multiple imputation methods for categorical data, including
chained equations using generalized linear models, chained
equations using classification and regression trees, and a
fully Bayesian joint distribution based on Dirichlet process
mixture models. We base the simulations on categorical data
from the American Community Survey. In the circumstances of
this study, the results suggest that default chained
equations approaches based on generalized linear models are
dominated by the default regression tree and Bayesian
mixture model approaches. They also suggest competing
advantages for the regression tree and Bayesian mixture
model approaches, making both reasonable default engines for
multiple imputation of categorical data. Supplementary
material for this article is available online.},
Doi = {10.1080/00031305.2016.1277158},
Key = {fds337994}
}
%% Aleti, Saketh
@article{fds359641,
Author = {Aleti, S and Mizrach, B},
Title = {Bitcoin spot and futures market microstructure},
Journal = {Journal of Futures Markets},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {194-225},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fut.22163},
Abstract = {We study Bitcoin (BTC) trading at the Chicago Mercantile
Exchange (CME) and four settlement spot exchanges that
transact $146 million per day in the BTC/USD pair. Spot
market median trade sizes are under $1,300 but exceed
$18,000 on the CME. Bid-ask spreads average 0.0298%. Trade
sizes of over $1 million move markets by less than 1%. 2.5%
of trades and 15.5% of cancellations on Coinbase take place
within 50 ms. Bid-ask spreads exceed 0.8% for only 226 s.
Most executions trade-through better quotes, with estimated
losses of $36 million. The CME leads price discovery. BTC
leads Ethereum price adjustment.},
Doi = {10.1002/fut.22163},
Key = {fds359641}
}
@article{fds352585,
Author = {Aleti, S and Mizrach, B},
Title = {Bitcoin Spot and Futures Market Microstructure},
Journal = {Journal of Futures Markets},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We study Bitcoin (BTC) trading at the Chicago Mercantile
Exchange (CME) and four settlement spot exchanges that
transact $146 million per day in the BTC/USD pair. Spot
market median trade sizes are under $1,300 but exceed
$18,000 on the CME. Bid‐ask spreads average 0.0298%. Trade
sizes of over $1 million move markets by less than 1%. 2.5%
of trades and 15.5% of cancellations on Coinbase take place
within 50 ms. Bid‐ask spreads exceed 0.8% for only
226 s. Most executions trade‐through better quotes, with
estimated losses of $36 million. The CME leads price
discovery. BTC leads Ethereum price adjustment.},
Key = {fds352585}
}
@article{fds352185,
Author = {Aleti, S and Hochman, G},
Title = {Non-Constant Elasticity of Substitution and Intermittent
Renewable Energy},
Journal = {Agricultural and Resource Economics Review},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {321-359},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2020.7},
Abstract = {In this article, we present a model of the electricity
sector where generation technologies are intermittent. The
economic value of an electricity generation technology is
given by integrating its production profile with the market
price of electricity. We use estimates of the consumer's
intertemporal elasticity of substitution for electricity
consumption while parameterizing the model empirically to
numerically calculate the elasticity between renewables and
fossil energy. We find that there is a non-constant
elasticity of substitution between renewable and fossil
energy that depends on prices and intermittency. This
suggests that the efficacy and welfare effects of carbon
taxes and renewable subsidies vary geographically.
Subsidizing research into battery technology and tailoring
policy for local energy markets can mitigate these
distributional side effects while complementing traditional
policies used to promote renewable energy.},
Doi = {10.1017/age.2020.7},
Key = {fds352185}
}
@article{fds354755,
Author = {Hochman, G and Goldman, AS and Felder, FA and Mayer, JM and Miller, AJM and Holland, PL and Goldman, LA and Manocha, P and Song, Z and Aleti,
S},
Title = {Potential Economic Feasibility of Direct Electrochemical
Nitrogen Reduction as a Route to Ammonia},
Journal = {Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering},
Volume = {8},
Number = {24},
Pages = {8938-8948},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01206},
Abstract = {The Haber-Bosch process produces ammonia from hydrogen and
nitrogen gases in a globally important energy-intensive
process that uses coal or natural gas as a fuel and hydrogen
source. Direct electrochemical ammonia synthesis from
nitrogen and water using renewable energy sources presents
an alternative to the Haber-Bosch process that would be more
sustainable. Additionally, the different production
structure of direct electrochemical nitrogen reduction
technology suggests a supply chain alternative to the
ammonia industry and a method for load leveling of the
electrical grid. This alternative route to ammonia from
dinitrogen would require smaller capital investments than
the Haber-Bosch process and would not require a fossil fuel
supply. The impact of dynamic electrical power pricing is
analyzed for a system that could take advantage of pricing
volatility. We show that, under certain scenarios, at
achievable levels of energy efficiency with a future
electrocatalyst, direct nitrogen reduction would be
economically competitive or advantageous compared with
Haber-Bosch-based ammonia production.},
Doi = {10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c01206},
Key = {fds354755}
}
%% Ambrus, Attila
@article{fds371291,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Wayne, GAO and Milán, P},
Title = {Informal Risk Sharing with Local Information},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2329-2380},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdab091},
Abstract = {This article considers the effect of contracting limitations
in risk-sharing networks, arising for example from
observability, verifiability, complexity, or cultural
constraints. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions
for Pareto efficiency under these constraints in a general
setting, and we provide an explicit characterization of
Pareto efficient bilateral transfer profiles under CARA
utility and normally distributed endowments. Our model
predicts that network centrality is positively correlated
with consumption volatility, as more central agents become
quasi-insurance providers to more peripheral agents. The
proposed framework has important implications for the
empirical specification of risk-sharing tests, allowing for
local risk-sharing groups that overlap within the village
network.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdab091},
Key = {fds371291}
}
@article{fds359729,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Baranovskyi, V and Kolb, A},
Title = {A Delegation-Based Theory of Expertise},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {373-419},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {We investigate information aggregation and competition in a
delegation framework. An uninformed principal is unable to
perform a task herself and must choose between one of two
biased and imperfectly informed experts. In the focal
equilibrium, experts exaggerate their biases, anticipating
an ideological winner's curse. We show that having a second
expert can benefit the principal, even when equally or more
biased than the first expert. The principal can benefit from
commitment to an "element of surprise" and prefers experts
with equal rather than opposite biases.},
Key = {fds359729}
}
@article{fds326998,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Kolb, A},
Title = {On defining ex ante payoffs in games with diffuse
prior},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {72},
Number = {2},
Pages = {445-472},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-020-01292-y},
Abstract = {While the diffuse prior has been widely used in applied
economic theory for its technical convenience and as a way
of modeling complete lack of knowledge, it is not formally
defined, nor are ex ante payoffs in games under this prior.
In this paper, we provide a formal treatment of the diffuse
prior which can validate its application in games. We
consider stationary games, in which players’ signals are
translation invariant in the true state and players’
payoffs are translation invariant in actions together with
the state. We show that strategies which admit well-defined
expected payoffs under the diffuse prior are essentially
stationary, being almost translation invariant in signals.
Our analysis builds on two formal definitions. We define the
diffuse prior through a limit construction, using sequences
of well-defined priors that become increasingly dispersed. A
class of strategy profiles is admissible if for any strategy
profile, each player’s ex ante payoff along these
sequences converges to a limit that does not depend on the
particular sequence. A secondary contribution of the paper
is an extension of the concept of distributional strategies
(Milgrom and Weber in Math Oper Res 10:619–632, 1985) to a
class of multistage games.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-020-01292-y},
Key = {fds326998}
}
@article{fds357650,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Elliott, M},
Title = {Investments in social ties, risk sharing, and
inequality},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1624-1664},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {This article investigates stable and efficient networks in
the context of risk sharing, when it is costly to establish
and maintain relationships that facilitate risk sharing. We
find a novel trade-off between efficiency and equality: the
most stable efficient networks also generate the most
inequality. We then suppose that individuals can be split
into groups, assuming that incomes across groups are less
correlated than within a group but relationships across
groups are more costly to form. The tension between
efficiency and equality extends to these correlated income
structures. More-central agents have stronger incentives to
form across-group links, reaffirming the efficiency benefits
of having highly central agents. Our results are robust to
many extensions. In general, endogenously formed networks in
the risk-sharing context tend to exhibit highly asymmetric
structures, which can lead to stark inequalities in
consumption levels.},
Key = {fds357650}
}
@article{fds352348,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Field, E and Gonzalez, R},
Title = {Loss in the time of cholera: Long-run impact of a disease
epidemic on the urban landscape},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {110},
Number = {2},
Pages = {475-525},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20190759},
Abstract = {How do geographically concentrated income shocks influence
the long-run spatial distribution of poverty within a city?
We examine the impact on housing prices of a cholera
epidemic in one neighborhood of nineteenth century London.
Ten years after the epidemic, housing prices are
significantly lower just inside the catchment area of the
water pump that transmitted the disease. Moreover,
differences in housing prices persist over the following 160
years. We make sense of these patterns by building a model
of a rental market with frictions in which poor tenants
exert a negative externality on their neighbors. This
showcases how a locally concentrated income shock can
persistently change the tenant composition of a
block.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20190759},
Key = {fds352348}
}
@article{fds346383,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B},
Title = {Individual, Dictator, and Democratic punishment in public
good games with perfect and imperfect observability},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {178},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2019.104053},
Abstract = {In the context of repeated public good contribution games,
we experimentally compare the institution of democratic
punishment, where members of a group decide by majority
voting whether to inflict punishment on another member, with
individual peer-to-peer and dictatorial punishment
institutions. Democratic punishment leads to more
cooperation and higher average payoffs, both under perfect
and imperfect monitoring of contributions. A comparison with
dictatorial punishment suggests that the effect relative to
traditional peer-to-peer punishment primarily works by
curbing anti-social punishment and thereby establishing a
closer connection between a member's contribution decision
and whether subsequently being punished by
others.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2019.104053},
Key = {fds346383}
}
@article{fds343589,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B and Zednik, A},
Title = {The Effects of a ‘None of the Above’ Ballot Paper Option
on Voting Behavior and Election Outcomes},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {277},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds343589}
}
@article{fds325427,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Chaney, E and Salitskiy, I},
Title = {Pirates of the Mediterranean: An empirical investigation of
bargaining with asymmetric information},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {217-246},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE655},
Abstract = {We investigate the effect of delay on prices in bargaining
situations using a data set containing thousands of captives
ransomed from Barbary pirates between 1575 and 1692.
Plausibly exogenous variation in the delay in ransoming
provides evidence that negotiating delays decreased the size
of ransom payments, and that much of the effect stems from
the signalling value of strategic delay, in accordance with
theoretical predictions. We also structurally estimate a
version of the screening type bargaining model, adjusted to
our context, and find that the model fits both the observed
prices and acceptance probabilities well.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE655},
Key = {fds325427}
}
@article{fds318150,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Calvano, E and Reisinger, M},
Title = {Either or Both Competition: A 'Two-Sided' Theory of
Advertising with Overlapping Viewerships},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {189-222},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20150019},
Abstract = {In media markets, consumers spread their attention to
several outlets, increasingly so as consumption migrates
online. The traditional framework for competition among
media outlets rules out this behavior by assumption. We
propose a new model that allows consumers to choose multiple
outlets and use it to study the effects on advertising
levels and the impact of entry and mergers. We identify
novel forces which reflect outlets' incentives to control
the composition of their customer base. We link consumer
preferences and advertising technologies to market outcomes.
The model can explain several empirical regularities that
are difficult to reconcile with existing
models.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20150019},
Key = {fds318150}
}
@article{fds320205,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Egorov, G},
Title = {Delegation and Nonmonetary Incentives},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {171},
Number = {200},
Pages = {49 pages},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2017.06.002},
Abstract = {In many contracting settings, actions costly to one party
but with no direct benefits to the other (money-burning) may
be part of the explicit or implicit contract. A leading
example is bureaucratic procedures in an employer-employee
relationship. We study a model of delegation with an
informed agent, where the principal may impose money-burning
on the agent as a function of the agent’s choice of
action, and show that money-burning may be part of the
optimal contract. This result holds even if
action-contingent monetary transfers are possible, as long
as transfers from the principal to the agent are bounded
from below (as in limited liability or minimal wage
requirements). In fact, the optimal contract can involve a
combination of both efficient monetary incentives and
inefficient nonmonetary incentives through money burning.
Our model delivers some results novel to the delegation
literature. First, money-burning is more likely if the
principal is more sensitive to the choice of action than the
agent. This is consistent with the perception that there is
more bureaucratization in large organizations. Second,
money-burning is more likely if the agent’s limited
liability constraint is tighter relative to his
participation constraint. This implies that a higher minimum
wage distorts employment contracts towards using socially
wasteful nonmonetary incentives, leading to a Pareto
inferior outcome as the agent is still held down to his
reservation value through increased money
burning.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2017.06.002},
Key = {fds320205}
}
@article{fds320206,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Egorov, G},
Title = {Supplementary Appendix to 'Delegation and Nonmonetary
Incentives'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {201},
Pages = {21 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Supplementary Appendix to "Delegation and Nonmonetary
Incentives."},
Key = {fds320206}
}
@article{fds320207,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B and Sastro, A},
Title = {The Case for Nil Votes: Voter Behavior Under Asymmetric
Information in Compulsory and Voluntary Voting
Systems},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {154},
Number = {199},
Pages = {66 pages},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.08.006},
Abstract = {We experimentally study the impact of adding an explicit nil
vote option to the ballot in both compulsory and voluntary
voting settings. We investigate this issue in an
informational voting setting, in which some voters are
uninformed and face the swing voter’s curse, implying that
they can only affect the expected election outcome
adversely. We generate predictions using a simple model of
strategic voting in which some voters receive a
psychological benefit (along the lines of Riker and
Ordeshook (1968)) from choosing an action that they consider
a legitimate participation in the election. We test our
model in a double-blind pen-and-paper laboratory experiment,
and find that the main comparative predictions of the model
hold in the data, particularly strongly for compulsory
voting. In particular, both under compulsory and voluntary
voting, introducing a nil vote option reduces the number of
uninformed voters casting a vote for a candidate, increasing
voters’ expected welfare. Additionally, it eradicates
strategic invalid votes under compulsory
voting.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.08.006},
Key = {fds320207}
}
@article{fds320208,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Baranovskyi, V and Kolb, A},
Title = {A Delegation-Based Theory of Expertise},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {193},
Pages = {45 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We investigate competition in a delegation framework, with a
coarsely informed principal. Two imperfectly informed and
biased experts simultaneously propose action choices. A
principal with a diffuse prior, and only being able to
ordinally compare the two proposals, has to choose one of
them. The selected expert might receive a bonus payment. We
show that having a second expert benefits the principal,
even if the two experts have the same biases and the bonus
of the winner is zero. In contrast with other models of
expertise, in our setting the principal prefers experts with
equal rather than opposite biases. Increasing the bonus
brings experts closer to truthful reporting, but this only
benefits the principal up to a threshold level, with further
increases in the bonus strictly decreasing her payoffs. A
methodological contribution of our paper is characterizing
restrictions on the set of strategies which allows a formal
generalization of ex ante expected payoffs to games with
diffuse prior.},
Key = {fds320208}
}
@article{fds320209,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Baranovskyi, V and Kolb, A},
Title = {Supplementary Appendix to 'A Delegation-Based Theory of
Expertise'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {194},
Pages = {16 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This supplement provides welfare results not contained in
the main text and a proof of Lemma A.1. For small bonuses, a
mixed equilibrium exists if and only if a downward
equilibrium exists; if so, it is unique. For large bonuses,
we find a unique candidate for mixed equilibrium and show
that mixed and upward equilibria cannot co-exist. Also, we
give an example for equal biases, where this candidate is
indeed a mixed equilibrium. However, when biases are
different enough and the bonus is high, a mixed equilibrium
does not exist. Though a general analytical comparison is
infeasible, we show that mixed equilibria are inferior to
upward equilibrium or simple delegation in various special
cases.},
Key = {fds320209}
}
@article{fds320210,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B},
Title = {Democratic Punishment in Public Good Games with Perfect and
Imperfect Observability},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {183},
Pages = {27 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {In the context of repeated public good contribution games,
we experimentally investigate the impact of democratic
punishment, when members of a group decide by majority
voting whether to inflict punishment on another member,
relative to individual peer-to-peer punishment. Democratic
punishment leads to more cooperation and higher average
payoffs, both under perfect and imperfect monitoring of
contributions, primarily by curbing anti-social punishment
and thereby establishing a closer connection between a
member’s contribution decision and whether subsequently
being punished by others. We also find that participating in
a democratic punishment procedure makes even
non-contributors’ punishment intentions more
pro-social.},
Key = {fds320210}
}
@article{fds320211,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Ishii, Y},
Title = {On Asynchronicity of Moves and Coordination},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {185},
Pages = {47 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This paper shows that asynchronicity of moves can lead to a
unique prediction in coordination games, in an
infinite-horizon setting, under certain conditions on
off-equilibrium payoffs. In two-player games we derive
necessary and sufficient conditions for play ultimately
being absorbed in the Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium of
the stage game, for every Markov perfect equilibrium. For
players patient enough, the condition is that the Pareto
dominant Nash equilibrium is also risk dominant, but for
lower levels of patience the condition departs from simple
risk-dominance. For general n-player symmetric games with
patient players, we show that a necessary and sufficient
condition for the Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium to be the
unique limit outcome in all symmetric Markov perfect
equilibrium is a particular generalization of risk-dominance
for more than two players. We provide extensions to the
unique selection results to all subgame perfect Nash
equilibria, and to coordination games in which different
players prefer different Nash equilibria of the stage
game.},
Key = {fds320211}
}
@article{fds325425,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Chandrasekhar, AG and Elliott, M},
Title = {Social Investments, Informal Risk Sharing, and
Inequality},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {179},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325425}
}
@article{fds320214,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Ásgeirsdóttir, T and Noor, J and Sandor,
L},
Title = {Compensated Discount Functions: An Experiment on the
Influence of Expected Income on Time Preferences},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {168},
Pages = {43 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds320214}
}
@article{fds320213,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Asgeirsdottir, TL and Noor, J and Sándor,
L},
Title = {Supplement to 'Compensated Discount Functions: An Experiment
on the Influence of Expected Income on Time
Preferences'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {169},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This Supplementary Appendix contains the English
translations of the experimental questionnaire, survey
questions, and instructions that were used in our
experimental sessions on June 9th and 10th of 2010. For the
original Icelandic language documents, please contact the
authors. The paper 'Compensated Discount Functions - An
Experiment on Integrating Rewards with Expected Income' to
which this Supplement applies is available at the following
URL: <a href=http://ssrn.com/abstract=2446602>http://ssrn.com/abstract=2446602</a>},
Key = {fds320213}
}
@article{fds325426,
Author = {Ambrus, A and En Lu and SE},
Title = {A continuous-time model of multilateral bargaining},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {208-249},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20100029},
Abstract = {We propose a finite-horizon continuous-time framework for
coalitional bargaining, in which players can make offers at
random discrete times. In our model: (i) expected payoffs in
Markov perfect equilibrium (MPE) are unique, generating
sharp predictions and facilitating comparative statics; and
(ii) MPE are the only subgame perfect Nash equilibria (SPNE)
that can be approximated by SPNE of nearby discrete-time
bargaining models. We investigate the limit MPE payoffs as
the time horizon goes to infinity and players get infinitely
patient. In convex games, we establish that the set of these
limit payoffs achievable by varying recognition rates is
exactly the core of the characteristic function.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20100029},
Key = {fds325426}
}
@article{fds237850,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Lu, SE},
Title = {Almost fully revealing cheap talk with imperfectly informed
senders},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {174-189},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2014.09.001},
Abstract = {We show that in multi-sender communication games where
senders imperfectly observe the state, if the state space is
large enough, then there can exist equilibria arbitrarily
close to full revelation of the state as the noise in the
senders' observations gets small. In the case of replacement
noise, where the senders observe the true state with high
probability, we show this under mild assumptions, for both
unbounded and large bounded state spaces. In the case of
continuous noise, where senders observe a signal distributed
continuously over a small interval around the true state, we
establish this for unbounded state spaces. The results imply
that when there are multiple experts from whom to solicit
information, if the state space is large, then even when the
state is observed imperfectly, there are communication
equilibria that are strictly better for the principal than
delegating the decision right to one of the
experts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2014.09.001},
Key = {fds237850}
}
@article{fds325428,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Mobius, M and Szeidl, A},
Title = {Consumption Risk-Sharing in Social Networks},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {1},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We develop a model in which connections between individuals
serve as social collateral to enforce informal insurance
payments. We show that: (i) The degree of insurance is
governed by the expansiveness of the network, measured with
the per capita number of connections that groups have with
the rest of the community. "Two-dimensional" networks?like
real-world networks in Peruvian villages?are sufficiently
expansive to allow very good risk-sharing. (ii) In second-
best arrangements, insurance is local: agents fully share
shocks within, but imperfectly between endogenously emerging
risk-sharing groups. We also discuss how endogenous social
collateral affects our results.},
Key = {fds325428}
}
@article{fds320215,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B and Pathak, P},
Title = {How Individual Preferences Get Aggregated in Groups - An
Experimental Study},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {158},
Pages = {37 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This paper experimentally investigates how individual
preferences, through unrestricted deliberation, get
aggregated into a group decision in two contexts:
reciprocating gifts, and choosing between lotteries. In both
contexts we find that median group members have a
significant impact on the group decision, but particular
other members also have some influence. Non-median members
closer to the median tend to have more influence than other
members. By investigating the same individual’s influence
in different groups, we find evidence for relative position
in the group having a direct effect on influence. We do not
find evidence that group choice exhibits a shift in a
particular direction that is independent of member
preferences and caused by the group decision context itself.
We also find that group deliberation not only involves
bargaining and compromise, but it also involves persuasion:
preferences tend to shift towards the choice of the
individual’s previous group, especially for those with
extreme individual preferences.},
Key = {fds320215}
}
@article{fds320216,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Ishii, Y and Burns, J},
Title = {Gradual Bidding in Ebay-Like Auctions},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {129},
Pages = {59 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This paper shows that in online auctions like eBay, if
bidders can only place bids at random times, then many di
fferent equilibria arise besides truthful bidding, despite
the option to leave proxy bids. These equilibria can involve
gradual bidding, periods of inactivity, and waiting to start
bidding towards the end of the auction - bidding behaviors
common on eBay. Bidders in such equilibria implicitly
collude to keep the increase of the winning price slow over
the duration of the auction. In a common value environment,
we characterize a class of equilibria that include the one
in which bidding at any price is maximally delayed, and all
bids minimally increment the price. The seller's revenue can
be a small fraction of what could be obtained at a
sealed-bid second-price auction, and in the worst
equilibrium it is decreasing in the value of the object.
With many bidders, we show that this equilibrium has the
feature that bidders are passive until near the end of the
auction, and then they start bidding incrementally.},
Key = {fds320216}
}
@article{fds237851,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Egorov, G},
Title = {Comment on "Commitment vs. Flexibility"},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2113-2124},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000325084100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This comment corrects two results in the 2006 Econometrica
paper by Amador, Werning, and Angeletos (AWA), that features
a model in which individuals face a trade-off between
flexibility and commitment. First, in contrast to
Proposition 1 in AWA, we show that money-burning can be part
of the ex ante optimal contract when there are two states.
Second, in contrast to Proposition 2 in AWA, we show that
money-burning can be imposed at the top (in the highest
liquidity shock state), even when there is a continuum of
states. We provide corrected versions of the above results.
© 2013 The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10739},
Key = {fds237851}
}
@article{fds237852,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Azevedo, EM and Kamada, Y and Takagi,
Y},
Title = {Legislative Committees as Information Intermediaries},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {94},
Pages = {103-115},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.08.003},
Abstract = {This paper considers a model of legislative decision-making,
in which information must be collected from a strategic
lobbyist. The legislature appoints a committee to
communicate with the lobbyist and propose a bill, and
determines whether the proposal is processed under open or
closed rule. Consistent with empirical evidence, it can be
optimal for the legislature to appoint a biased committee
and, depending on the lobbyist's bias, both open and closed
rule are used in equilibrium. For small lobbyist bias, it is
optimal to choose closed rule and a committee whose
interests are perfectly aligned with the lobbyist's. For
intermediate lobbyist bias, closed rule remains optimal with
a committee whose preferences lie between those of the
legislature and those of the lobbyist. For large lobbyist
bias, open rule and a committee biased against the lobbyist
become optimal. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2013.08.003},
Key = {fds237852}
}
@article{fds237855,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Greiner, B},
Title = {Imperfect public monitoring with costly punishment: An
experimental study},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {102},
Number = {7},
Pages = {3317-3332},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000312093000007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper experimentally investigates the effects of a
costly punishment option on cooperation and social welfare
in long, finitely repeated public good contribution games.
In a perfect monitoring environment, increasing the severity
of the potential punishment monotonically increases average
net payoffs. In a more realistic imperfect monitoring
environment, we find a U-shaped relationship. Access to a
standard punishment technology in this setting significantly
decreases net payoffs, even in the long run. Access to a
severe punishment technology leads to roughly the same
payoffs as with no punishment option, as the benefits of
increased cooperation offset the social costs of punishing.
Copyright © 2012 by the American Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.102.7.3317},
Key = {fds237855}
}
@article{fds320218,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Sandor, L and You, H},
Title = {Testing an Informational Theory of Legislation: Evidence
from the U.S. House of Representatives: Supplementary
Appendix},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {122},
Pages = {13 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Supplementary Appendix to Testing an Informational Theory of
Legislation: Evidence from the U.S. House of
Representatives.},
Key = {fds320218}
}
@article{fds320219,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Rozen, K},
Title = {Rationalizing Choice with Multi-Self Models},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {125},
Number = {128},
Pages = {42 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This paper studies a class of multi-self decision-making
models proposed in economics, psychology, and marketing. In
this class, choices arise from the set-dependent aggregation
of a collection of utility functions, where the aggregation
procedure satisfies some simple properties. We propose a
method for characterizing the extent of irrationality in a
choice behavior, and use this measure to provide a lower
bound on the set of choice behaviors that can be
rationalized with n utility functions. Under an additional
assumption (scale-invariance), we show that generically at
most five "reasons" are needed for every
"mistake."},
Key = {fds320219}
}
@article{fds320220,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Egorov, G},
Title = {Commitment-Flexibility Trade-Off and Withdrawal
Penalties},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {130},
Pages = {29 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Withdrawal penalties are common features of time deposit
contracts offered by commercial banks, as well as individual
retirement accounts and employer-sponsored plans. Moreover,
there is a significant amount of early withdrawals from
these accounts, despite the associated penalties, and
empirical evidence shows that liquidity shocks of depositors
are a major driving force of this. Using the
consumption-savings model proposed by Amador, Werning and
Angeletos in their 2006 Econometrica paper (henceforth AWA),
in which individuals face the trade-off between flexibility
and commitment, we show that withdrawal penalties can be
part of the optimal contract, despite involving
money-burning from an ex ante perspective. For the case of
two states (which we interpret as “normal times” and a
“negative liquidity shock”), we provide a full
characterization of the optimal contract, and show that
within the parameter region where the first best is
unattainable, the likelihood that withdrawal penalties are
part of the optimal contract is decreasing in the
probability of a negative liquidity shock, increasing in the
severity of the shock, and it is nonmonotonic in the
magnitude of present bias. We also show that contracts with
the same qualitative feature (withdrawal penalties for high
types) arise in continuous state spaces, too. Our
conclusions differ from AWA because the analysis in the
latter implicitly assumes that the optimal contract is
interior (the amount withdrawn from the savings account is
strictly positive in each period in every state). We show
that for any utility function consistent with their
framework there is an open set of parameter values for which
the optimal contract is a corner solution, inducing money
burning in some states.},
Key = {fds320220}
}
@article{fds325429,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Chaney, EJ and Salitskiy, I},
Title = {Appendix for Pirates of the Mediterranean: An Empirical
Investigation of Bargaining with Transaction
Costs},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {116},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325429}
}
@article{fds237854,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Azevedo, E and Kamada, Y},
Title = {Hierarchical cheap talk},
Journal = {Accepted by Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {233-261},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://public.econ.duke.edu/~aa231/hierarch_final04.pdf},
Abstract = {We investigate situations in which agents can communicate to
each other only through a chain of intermediators, for
example, because they have to obey institutionalized
communication protocols. We assume that all involved in the
communication are strategic and might want to influence the
action taken by the final receiver. The set of pure strategy
equilibrium outcomes is simple to characterize, is monotonic
in each intermediator's bias, and does not depend on the
order of intermediators; intermediation in these equilibria
cannot improve information transmission. However, none of
these conclusions holds for mixed equilibria. We provide a
partial characterization of mixed equilibria, and offer an
economically relevant sufficient condition for every
equilibrium to be outcome-equivalent to a pure equilibrium
and hence for the simple characterization and comparative
statics results to hold for the set of all equilibria. ©
2013 Attila Ambrus, Eduardo M. Azevedo, and Yuichiro
Kamada.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE1038},
Key = {fds237854}
}
@article{fds237856,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Pathak, P},
Title = {Cooperation over finite horizons: a theory and
experiments},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {500-512},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://public.econ.duke.edu/~aa231/public_good090510_ALL.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper shows that the presence of different types of
players - those who only care about their own material
payoffs and those who reciprocate others' contributions -
can explain the robust features of observed contribution
patterns in public good contribution games, even without the
presence of asymmetric information. We show what conditions
on reciprocity are sufficient for a unique perfect
equilibrium, in which contributions are decreasing. Under
these conditions, selfish players have enough future
benefits to induce subsequent contributions by reciprocal
players, and this incentive diminishes as the end of the
game approaches. The model explains the puzzling restart
effect and is consistent with various other empirical
findings. We also report the results of a series of
experiments, using a probabilistic continuation design in
which after each set of 10-period games, the group is
restarted with low probability. We find specific support for
the theory in our data, including that selfish players
(identified exogenously) stop contributing earlier than
reciprocal players, as directly implied by the model. ©
2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.016},
Key = {fds237856}
}
@article{fds237857,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Field, E and Torero, M},
Title = {Muslim family law, prenuptial agreements, and the emergence
of dowry in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {125},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1349-1397},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2010.125.3.1349},
Abstract = {We explain trends in dowry levels in Bangladesh by drawing
attention to an institutional feature of marriage contracts
previously ignored in the literature: mehr or traditional
Islamic bride-price. We develop a model of marriage
contracts in which mehr serves as a barrier to husbands
exiting marriage and a component of dowry as an amount that
ex ante compensates the groom for the cost of mehr. We
investigate how mehr and dowry respond to exogenous changes
in the costs of polygamy and divorce, and show that our
model gives a different set of predictions than traditional
models. We show that major changes in dowry levels took
place precisely after the legal changes, corresponding to
simultaneous changes in levels of mehr. © 2010 by the
President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.2010.125.3.1349},
Key = {fds237857}
}
@article{fds237861,
Author = {Ambrus, A},
Title = {Theories of coalitional rationality},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {144},
Number = {2},
Pages = {676-695},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2007.03.010},
Abstract = {This paper generalizes the concept of best response to
coalitions of players and offers epistemic definitions of
coalitional rationalizability in normal form games. The
(best) response of a coalition is defined to be an operator
from sets of conjectures to sets of strategies. A strategy
is epistemic coalitionally rationalizable if it is
consistent with rationality and common certainty that every
coalition is rational. A characterization of this solution
set is provided for operators satisfying four basic
properties. Special attention is devoted to an operator that
leads to a solution concept that is generically equivalent
to the iteratively defined concept of coalitional
rationalizability. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2007.03.010},
Key = {fds237861}
}
@article{fds237860,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Argenziano, R},
Title = {Asymmetric networks in two-sided markets},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-52},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284507300002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper investigates pricing decisions and network
choices in twosided markets with network externalities.
Consumers are heterogeneous in how much they value the
externality. Imposing restrictions on the extent of
coordination failure among consumers generates clear
qualitative conclusions about equilibrium market
configurations. Multiple asymmetric networks can coexist in
equilibrium, both in the case of a monopolist network
provider and in the case of competing providers. These
equilibria have the property that one network is cheaper and
larger on one side, while the other network is cheaper and
larger on the other side. Product differentiation is
endogenized by consumers' network choices.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.1.1.17},
Key = {fds237860}
}
@article{fds237858,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Weinstein, J},
Title = {Price dispersion and loss leaders},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {525-537},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1555-7561},
Abstract = {Dispersion in retail prices of identical goods is
inconsistent with the standard model of price competition
among identical firms, which predicts that all prices will
be driven down to cost. One common explanation for such
dispersion is the use of a loss-leader strategy, in which a
firm prices one good below cost in order to attract a higher
customer volume for profitable goods. By assuming each
consumer is forced to buy all desired goods at a single
firm, we create the possibility of an effective loss-leader
strategy. We find that such a strategy cannot occur in
equilibrium if individual demands are inelastic, or if
demands are diversely distributed. We further show that
equilibrium loss leaders can occur (and can result in
positive profits) if there are demand complementarities, but
only with delicate relationships among the preferences of
all consumers. Copyright © 2008 Attila Ambrus and Jonathan
Weinstein.},
Key = {fds237858}
}
@article{fds237859,
Author = {Field, E and Ambrus, A},
Title = {Early marriage, age of menarche, and female schooling
attainment in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {116},
Number = {5},
Pages = {881-891},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/593333},
Abstract = {Using data from rural Bangladesh, we explore the hypothesis
that women attain less schooling as a result of social and
financial pressure to marry young. We isolate the causal
effect of marriage timing using age of menarche as an
instrumental variable. Our results indicate that each
additional year that marriage is delayed is associated with
0.22 additional year of schooling and 5.6 percent higher
literacy. Delayed marriage is also associated with an
increase in use of preventive health services. In the
context of competitive marriage markets, we use the above
results to obtain estimates of the change in equilibrium
female education that would arise from introducing age of
consent laws. © 2008 by The University of Chicago. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/593333},
Key = {fds237859}
}
@article{fds237862,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Takahashi, S},
Title = {Multi-sender cheap talk with restricted state
spaces},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-27},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1555-7561},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes multi-sender cheap talk when the state
space might be restricted, either because the policy space
is restricted or the set of rationalizable policies of the
receiver is not the whole space. We provide a necessary and
sufficient condition for the existence of a fully-revealing
perfect Bayesian equilibrium for any state space. We show
that if biases are large enough and are not in similar
directions, where the notion of similarity depends on the
shape of the state space, then there is no fully-revealing
perfect Bayesian equilibrium. The results suggest that
boundedness, as opposed to dimensionality, of the state
space plays an important role in determining the qualitative
implications of a cheap talk model. We also investigate
equilibria that satisfy a robustness property diagonal
continuity. Copyright © 2008 Attila Ambrus and Satoru
Takahashi.},
Key = {fds237862}
}
@article{fds237863,
Author = {Ambrus, A},
Title = {Coalitional rationalizability},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {121},
Number = {3},
Pages = {903-929},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.121.3.903},
Abstract = {This paper investigates how groups or coalitions of players
can act in their collective interest in noncooperative
normal form games even if equilibrium play is not assumed.
The main idea is that each member of a coalition will
confine play to a subset of their strategies if it is in
their mutual interest to do so. An iterative procedure of
restrictions is used to define a noncooperative solution
concept, the set of coalitionally rationalizable strategies.
The procedure is analogous to iterative deletion of never
best response strategies, but operates on implicit
agreements by different coalitions. The solution set is a
nonempty subset of the rationalizable strategies. © 2006 by
the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.121.3.903},
Key = {fds237863}
}
%% Ananat, Elizabeth O.
@article{fds339724,
Author = {Ananat, E and Shihe, F and Ross, SL},
Title = {Race-specific urban wage premia and the black-white wage
gap},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {108},
Pages = {141-153},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.002},
Abstract = {© 2018 Elsevier Inc. We establish a novel empirical fact
about the black-white wage gap: looking both across and
within metropolitan areas, increasing city size or
employment density is associated with a larger black-white
wage gap. The estimated effects represent between 9 and 18%
of recent estimates of the black-white wage gap. Using a
variety of techniques, we demonstrate that our within-city
relationship is unlikely to be driven by racial differences
in unobserved ability. Finally, we present evidence
suggestive of a role for race-specific networks in
explaining these differences in the black-white wage
gap.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.002},
Key = {fds339724}
}
@article{fds326871,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines, A and Francis, DV and Gibson-Davis,
CM},
Title = {Linking job loss, inequality, mental health, and
education.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {356},
Number = {6343},
Pages = {1127-1128},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aam5347},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aam5347},
Key = {fds326871}
}
@article{fds326513,
Author = {Schenck-Fontaine, A and Gassman-Pines, A and Gibson-Davis, CM and Ananat, EO},
Title = {Local Job Losses and Child Maltreatment: The Importance of
Community Context.},
Journal = {Social Service Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {233-263},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/692075},
Abstract = {A growing body of literature suggests that economic
downturns predict an increase in child maltreatment.
However, to inform policies and practices to prevent and
intervene in child maltreatment, it is necessary to identify
how, when, and under what conditions community-level
economic conditions affect child maltreatment. In this
study, we use North Carolina administrative data from 2006
to 2011 on child maltreatment reports and job losses to
distinguish effects on maltreatment frequency from effects
on severity, identify the timing of these effects, and test
whether community characteristics moderate these effects. To
isolate effects of unanticipated job losses and to control
for potential confounding factors, we use a fixed effects
regression approach. We find that, though job losses did not
affect the frequency of reports, job losses increased the
share of reports that were relatively severe. This effect
endured for 9 months following job losses and was only
evident in economically disadvantaged communities.},
Doi = {10.1086/692075},
Key = {fds326513}
}
@article{fds321790,
Author = {Gibson-Davis, CM and Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines,
A},
Title = {Midpregnancy Marriage and Divorce: Why the Death of Shotgun
Marriage Has Been Greatly Exaggerated.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {53},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1693-1715},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0510-x},
Abstract = {Conventional wisdom holds that births following the
colloquially termed "shotgun marriage"-that is, births to
parents who married between conception and the birth-are
nearing obsolescence. To investigate trends in shotgun
marriage, we matched North Carolina administrative data on
nearly 800,000 first births among white and black mothers to
marriage and divorce records. We found that among married
births, midpregnancy-married births (our preferred term for
shotgun-married births) have been relatively stable at about
10 % over the past quarter-century while increasing
substantially for vulnerable population subgroups. In 2012,
among black and white less-educated and younger women,
midpregnancy-married births accounted for approximately 20 %
to 25 % of married first births. The increasing
representation of midpregnancy-married births among married
births raises concerns about well-being among at-risk
families because midpregnancy marriages may be quite
fragile. Our analysis revealed, however, that midpregnancy
marriages were more likely to dissolve only among more
advantaged groups. Of those groups considered to be most at
risk of divorce-namely, black women with lower levels of
education and who were younger-midpregnancy marriages had
the same or lower likelihood of divorce as preconception
marriages. Our results suggest an overlooked resiliency in a
type of marriage that has only increased in
salience.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-016-0510-x},
Key = {fds321790}
}
@article{fds265880,
Author = {Gassman-Pines, A and Gibson-Davis, CM and Ananat,
EO},
Title = {How Economic Downturns Affect Children's Development: An
Interdisciplinary Perspective on Pathways of
Influence},
Journal = {Child Development Perspectives},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {233-238},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-8592},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12441 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {© 2015 The Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.
To understand how economic downturns affect children's
development, scholars have concentrated on how parents' loss
of a job affects children's well-being, but have largely
ignored the potential effects of downturns on children whose
parents remain employed. In this article, we review research
across disciplines to demonstrate that economic downturns
should be conceptualized as a community-level event that
affects all children in a community, not just those whose
parents have lost jobs. We focus on three mechanisms linking
downturns to children's developmental outcomes: structural
changes to communities, the economic and psychological
effects on individuals who are continuously employed, and
the strain of job loss on social networks. We conclude by
discussing ongoing research and looking at implications for
public policy.},
Doi = {10.1111/cdep.12137},
Key = {fds265880}
}
@article{fds227097,
Author = {Gassman-Pines, A and Ananat, EO and Gibson-Davis,
CM},
Title = {Effects of statewide job losses on adolescent
suicide-related behaviors.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {104},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1964-1970},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12433 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We investigated the impact of statewide job loss on
adolescent suicide-related behaviors.We used 1997 to 2009
data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Bureau of
Labor Statistics to estimate the effects of statewide job
loss on adolescents' suicidal ideation, suicide attempts,
and suicide plans. Probit regression models controlled for
demographic characteristics, state of residence, and year;
samples were divided according to gender and
race/ethnicity.Statewide job losses during the year
preceding the survey increased girls' probability of
suicidal ideation and suicide plans and non-Hispanic Black
adolescents' probability of suicidal ideation, suicide
plans, and suicide attempts. Job losses among 1% of a
state's working-age population increased the probability of
girls and Blacks reporting suicide-related behaviors by 2 to
3 percentage points. Job losses did not affect the
suicide-related behaviors of boys, non-Hispanic Whites, or
Hispanics. The results were robust to the inclusion of other
state economic characteristics.As are adults, adolescents
are affected by economic downturns. Our findings show that
statewide job loss increases adolescent girls' and
non-Hispanic Blacks' suicide-related behaviors.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2014.302081},
Key = {fds227097}
}
@misc{fds225763,
Author = {E.O. Ananat and Anna Gassman-Pines and Christina
Gibson-Davis},
Title = {Statewide job losses increase adolescent suicide-related
behaviors},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225763}
}
@article{fds227098,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines, A and Gibson-Davis,
C},
Title = {Community-wide job loss and teenage fertility: evidence from
North Carolina.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {50},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2151-2171},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23884703},
Abstract = {Using North Carolina data for the period 1990-2010, we
estimate the effects of economic downturns on the birthrates
of 15- to 19-year-olds, using county-level business closings
and layoffs as a plausibly exogenous source of variation in
the strength of the local economy. We find little effect of
job losses on the white teen birthrate. For black teens,
however, job losses to 1 % of the working-age population
decrease the birthrate by around 2 %. Birth declines start
five months after the job loss and then last for more than
one year. Linking the timing of job losses and conceptions
suggests that black teen births decline because of increased
terminations and perhaps also because of changes in
prepregnancy behaviors. National data on risk behaviors also
provide evidence that black teens reduce sexual activity and
increase contraception use in response to job losses. Job
losses seven to nine months after conception do not affect
teen birthrates, indicating that teens do not anticipate job
losses and lending confidence that job losses are "shocks"
that can be viewed as quasi-experimental variation. We also
find evidence that relatively advantaged black teens
disproportionately abort after job losses, implying that the
average child born to a black teen in the wake of job loss
is relatively more disadvantaged.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-013-0231-3},
Key = {fds227098}
}
@article{fds317714,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Fu, S and Ross, SL},
Title = {Race-Specific Agglomeration Economies: Social Distance and
the Black-White Wage Gap},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We present evidence that benefits from agglomeration
concentrate within race. Cross-sectionally, the black-white
wage gap increases by 2.5% for every million-person increase
in urban population. Within cities, controlling for
unobservable productivity through residential-tract-by-demographic
indicators, blacks’ wages respond less than whites’ to
surrounding economic activity. Individual wage returns to
nearby employment density and human capital rise with the
share of same-race workers. Manufacturing firms’
productivity rises with nearby activity only when they match
nearby firms racially. Weaker cross-race interpersonal
interactions are a plausible mechanism, as blacks in
all-white workplaces report less closeness to whites than do
even whites in all-nonwhite workplaces.<br><br>Institutional
subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents
of developing countries may download this paper without
additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??18933"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds317714}
}
@article{fds317712,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Fu, S and Ross, SL},
Title = {Race-Specific Agglomeration Economies: Social Distance and
the Black-White Wage Gap},
Number = {18993},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.wise.xmu.edu.cn/Master/Download/..%5C..%5CUploadFiles%5Cpaper-masterdownload%5C20134796417055475115776.pdf},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a striking but previously unnoticed
relationship between city size and the black-white wage gap,
with the gap increasing by 2.5% for every million-person
increase in urban population. We then look within cities and
document that wages of blacks rise less with agglomeration
in the workplace location, measured as employment density
per square kilometer, than do white wages. This pattern
holds even though our method allows for non-parametric
controls for the effects of age, education, and other
demographics on wages, for unobserved worker skill as
proxied by residential location, and for the return to
agglomeration to vary across those demographics, industry,
occupation and metropolitan areas. We find that an
individual’s wage return to employment density rises with
the share of workers in their work location who are of their
own race. We observe similar patterns for human capital
externalities as measured by share workers with a college
education. We also find parallel results for firm
productivity by employment density and share
college-educated using firm racial composition in a sample
of manufacturing firms. These findings are consistent with
the possibility that blacks, and black- majority firms,
receive lower returns to agglomeration because such returns
operate within race, and blacks have fewer same-race peers
and fewer highly-educated same-race peers at work from whom
to enjoy spillovers than do whites. Data on self-reported
social networks in the General Social Survey provide further
evidence consistent with this mechanism, showing that blacks
feel less close to whites than do whites, even when they
work exclusively with whites. We conclude that social
distance between blacks and whites preventing shared
benefits from agglomeration is a significant contributor to
overall black-white wage disparities.},
Key = {fds317712}
}
@misc{fds317713,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines, A and Gibson-Davis,
CM},
Title = {Community-Wide Job Loss and Teenage Fertility},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We estimate the effects of economic downturns on the birth
rates of 15- to 19-year-olds, using county-level business
closings and layoffs in North Carolina over 1990-2010 as a
plausibly exogenous source of variation in the strength of
the local economy. We find little effect of job losses on
the white teen birth rate. For black teens, however, job
losses to 1% of the working-age population decrease the
birth rate by around 2%. Birth declines start five months
after the job loss and then last for over a year. Linking
the timing of job losses and conceptions suggests that black
teen births decline due to increased terminations and
perhaps also changes in pre-pregnancy behaviors; national
data on risk behaviors also provide evidence that black
teens reduce sexual activity and increase contraception use
in response to job losses. Job losses seven to nine months
after conception do not affect teen birth rates, indicating
that teens do not anticipate job losses and lending
confidence that job losses are "shocks" that can be viewed
as quasi-experimental variation. We also find evidence that
relatively advantaged black teens disproportionately abort
after job losses, implying that the average child born to a
black teen in the wake of job loss is relatively more
disadvantaged.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER
working paper series, and residents of developing countries
may download this paper without additional charge at <a
href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??19003"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds317713}
}
@misc{fds227099,
Author = {Gennetian, LA and Crosby, DA and Huston, AC},
Title = {Welfare and child-care policy effects on very young
children’s child-care experiences},
Pages = {74-100},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780203759912},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238790700010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203759912},
Key = {fds227099}
}
@article{fds200100,
Author = {Gassman-Pines, A. and Gibson-Davis, C.M. and Ananat,
E.},
Title = {The impacts of economic downturns on child development: An
interdisciplinary synthesis},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds200100}
}
@misc{fds200097,
Author = {E.O. Ananat and Anna Gassman-Pines and Dania Francis and Christina Gibson-Davis},
Title = {Children Left Behind: The Effects of Statewide Job Loss on
Student Achievement},
Journal = {NBER Working Papers},
Number = {17104},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w17104.pdf?new_window=1},
Key = {fds200097}
}
@article{fds227102,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Hungerman, DM},
Title = {The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation: Oral
Contraception's Effects on Fertility, Abortion, and Maternal
& Child Characteristics.},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-51},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22389533},
Abstract = {This paper considers how oral contraception's diffusion to
young unmarried women affected the number and parental
characteristics of children born to these women. In the
short-term, pill access caused declines in fertility and
increases in both the share of children born with low
birthweight and the share born to poor households. In the
long-term, access led to negligible changes in fertility
while increasing the share of children with college-educated
mothers and decreasing the share with divorced mothers. The
short-term effects appear to be driven by upwardly-mobile
women opting out of early childbearing while the long-term
effects appear to be driven by a retiming of births to later
ages. These effects differ from those of abortion
legalization, although we find suggestive evidence that pill
diffusion lowered abortions. Our results suggest that
abortion and the pill are on average used for different
purposes by different women, but on the margin some women
substitute from abortion towards the pill when both are
available. JELNo. I0, J13, N12.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00230},
Key = {fds227102}
}
@misc{fds227101,
Author = {Gibson-Davis, C and Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines,
A},
Title = {The Effect of Local Economic Downturns on Teen Births:
Evidence from North Carolina},
Journal = {Revise and Resubmit, Demography},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13524-013-0231-3/fulltext.html},
Key = {fds227101}
}
@misc{fds343236,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines, A and Francis, D and Gibson-Davis,
CM},
Title = {Children Left Behind: The Effects of Statewide Job Loss on
Student Achievement},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds343236}
}
@article{fds227103,
Author = {Ananat, EO},
Title = {The wrong side(s) of the tracks: The causal effects of
racial segregation on urban poverty and inequality},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {34-66},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://www.npc.umich.edu/news/events/econshocks/Ananat_Railroads_and_Segregation_21_Sept_2008.pdf},
Abstract = {A striking negative correlation exists between an area's
residential racial segregation and its population
characteristics, but it is recognized that this relationship
may not be causal. I present a novel test of causality from
segregation to population characteristics by exploiting the
arrangements of railroad tracks in the nineteenth century to
isolate plausibly exogenous variation in areas'
susceptibility to segregation. I show that this variation
satisfies the requirements for a valid instrument.
Instrumental variables estimates demonstrate that
segregation increases metropolitan rates of black poverty
and overall black-white income disparities, while decreasing
rates of white poverty and inequality within the white
population.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.3.2.34},
Key = {fds227103}
}
@misc{fds326147,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gassman-Pines, A and Gibson-Davis,
CM},
Title = {The effects of local employment losses on children's
educational achievement},
Pages = {299-313},
Booktitle = {Whither Opportunity?: Rising Inequality, Schools, and
Children's Life Chances},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Publications},
Editor = {Greg Duncan and Richard Murnane},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780871543721},
Key = {fds326147}
}
@article{fds227105,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Washington, E},
Title = {Segregation and Black political efficacy},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {93},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {807-822},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://cid.bcrp.gob.pe/biblio/Papers/NBER/2007/noviembre/w13606.pdf},
Abstract = {The impact of segregation on Black political efficacy is
theoretically ambiguous. On one hand, increased contact
among Blacks in more segregated areas may mean that Blacks
are better able to coordinate political behavior. On the
other hand, lesser contact with non-Blacks may mean that
Blacks have less political influence over voters of other
races. As for non-Blacks, inter-group conflict theory
suggests that greater contact yields greater conflict
between the groups while inter-group contact theory suggests
exactly the reverse. We investigate this question
empirically. We find that exogenous increases in segregation
lead to decreases in Black civic efficacy, as measured by an
ability to elect Representatives who vote liberally and more
specifically in favor of legislation that is favored by
Blacks. This tendency for Representatives from more
segregated MSAs to vote more conservatively arises in spite
of the fact that Blacks in more segregated areas hold more
liberal political views than do Blacks in less segregated
locales. We find evidence that this decrease in efficacy is
driven by more conservative attitudes amongst non-Blacks in
more segregated areas. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.02.003},
Key = {fds227105}
}
@article{fds341078,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Washington, E},
Title = {Segregation and Black political efficacy},
Volume = {93},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {807-822},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {The impact of segregation on Black political efficacy is
theoretically ambiguous. On one hand, increased contact
among Blacks in more segregated areas may mean that Blacks
are better able to coordinate political behavior. On the
other hand, lesser contact with non-Blacks may mean that
Blacks have less political influence over voters of other
races. As for non-Blacks, inter-group conflict theory
suggests that greater contact yields greater conflict
between the groups while inter-group contact theory suggests
exactly the reverse. We investigate this question
empirically. We find that exogenous increases in segregation
lead to decreases in Black civic efficacy, as measured by an
ability to elect Representatives who vote liberally and more
specifically in favor of legislation that is favored by
Blacks. This tendency for Representatives from more
segregated MSAs to vote more conservatively arises in spite
of the fact that Blacks in more segregated areas hold more
liberal political views than do Blacks in less segregated
locales. We find evidence that this decrease in efficacy is
driven by more conservative attitudes amongst non-Blacks in
more segregated areas.},
Key = {fds341078}
}
@article{fds227104,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gruber, J and Levine, PB and Staiger,
D},
Title = {Abortion and selection},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {124-136},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://repository.wellesley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=economicsfaculty&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fscholar%3Fq%3DAbortion%2Band%2BSelection.%2522%26btnG%3D%26hl%3Den%26as_sdt%3D0%252C34#search=%22Abortion},
Abstract = {Abortion legalization in the early 1970s led to dramatic
changes in fertility. Some research has suggested that it
altered cohort outcomes, but this literature has been
limited and controversial. In this paper, we provide a
framework for understanding selection mechanisms and use
that framework to both address inconsistent past
methodological approaches and provide evidence on the
long-run impact on cohort characteristics. Our results
indicate that lower-cost abortion brought about by
legalization altered young adult outcomes through selection.
In particular, it increased likelihood of college
graduation, lower rates of welfare use, and lower odds of
being a single parent. © 2009 by the President and Fellows
of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.91.1.124},
Key = {fds227104}
}
@article{fds227107,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Michaels, G},
Title = {The effect of marital breakup on the income distribution of
women with children},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {611-629},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/43/3/611.full.pdf},
Abstract = {Having a female first-born child significantly increases the
probability that a woman's first marriage breaks up. Using
this exogenous variation, recent work finds that divorce has
little effect on women's mean household income. We further
investigate the effect of divorce using Quantile Treatment
Effect methodology and find that it increases women's odds
of having very high or very low income. In other words,
while some women successfully compensate for lost spousal
earnings through child support, welfare, combining
households, and increasing labor supply, others are markedly
unsuccessful. We conclude that by raising both poverty and
inequality, divorce has important welfare consequences. ©
2008 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.43.3.611},
Key = {fds227107}
}
@misc{fds343237,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Washington, EL},
Title = {Segregation and Black Political Efficacy},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds343237}
}
@misc{fds343238,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Hungerman, DM},
Title = {The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds343238}
}
@misc{fds343239,
Author = {Ananat, EO},
Title = {The Wrong Side(S) of the Tracks Estimating the Causal
Effects of Racial Segregation on City Outcomes},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds343239}
}
@article{fds227108,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Gruber, J and Levine, P},
Title = {Abortion legalization and life-cycle fertility},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {375-397},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
Abstract = {The early-1970s abortion legalization led to a significant
drop in fertility. We investigate whether this decline
represented a delay in births or a permanent reduction in
fertility. We combine Census and Vital Statistics data to
compare the lifetime fertility of women born in
early-legalizing states, whose peak childbearing years
occurred in the early 1970s, to that of women from other
states and cohorts. We find that much of the reduction was
permanent, in that women did not compensate by having more
children later, and that it largely reflects an increased
share of women remaining childless throughout their fertile
years. © 2007 by the Board of Regents of the University of
Wisconsin System.},
Key = {fds227108}
}
@misc{fds317715,
Author = {Ananat, EO and Michaels, G},
Title = {The effect of marital breakup on the income distribution of
women with children},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {Having a female firstborn child significantly increases the
probability that a woman’s first marriage breaks up.
Recent work has exploited this exogenous variation to
measure the effect of marital breakup on economic outcomes,
and has concluded that divorce has little effect on
women’s average household income. Employing an Abadie
(2003) technique that allows us to look at the impact of
marital breakup throughout the income distribution, however,
we find that divorce greatly increases the probability that
a woman lives in a household with income in the bottom
quartile. While women partially offset the loss of spousal
earnings with child support, welfare, combining households,
and substantially increasing their labor supply, divorce
significantly increases the odds that a woman with children
is poor.},
Key = {fds317715}
}
@article{fds227106,
Author = {Danziger, SK and Ananat, EO and Browning, KG},
Title = {Childcare Subsidies and the Transition from Welfare to
Work},
Journal = {Family Relations},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-228},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0197-6664},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00012.x},
Abstract = {We address how childcare subsidies help in the
welfare-to-work transition relative to other factors. We
examine how the policy operates, whether childcare problems
differ by subsidy receipt, and the effect of subsidy on
work. Data are from a random sample panel study of welfare
recipients after 1996. Findings show that subsidy receipt
reduces costs but not parenting stress or problems with
care. It predicts earnings and work duration net of other
factors. Increased use of subsidies by eligible families and
greater funding for child care would help meet the demand
for this important support for working-poor
families.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00012.x},
Key = {fds227106}
}
@article{fds227109,
Author = {Danziger, S and Heflin, CM and Corcoran, ME and Oltmans, E and Wang,
HC},
Title = {Does It Pay to Move from Welfare to Work?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {671-692},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/34846/10080_ftp.pdf?sequence=1},
Abstract = {The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act requires welfare recipients to look for
work and has made it more difficult for nonworking
recipients to remain on the welfare rolls. In addition, the
economic boom of the 1990s and changes in federal and state
policies have raised the net income gain associated with
moving from welfare to work. This paper analyzes data from a
panel survey of single mothers, all of whom received welfare
in February 1997. In 1999, those who left welfare and were
working had a higher household income and lower poverty
rate, experienced a similar level of material hardship,
engaged in fewer activities to make ends meet, and had lower
expectations of experiencing hardship in the near future
than did nonworking welfare recipients. Estimations of
fixed-effect regressions of income that control for both
observable and unobservable time-invariant characteristics
show that monthly net income increases by $2.63 for every
additional hour of work effort. About 60 percent of the
observed monthly income difference between wage-reliant and
welfare-reliant mothers can be attributed to differences in
their work effort. Thus, after welfare reform, it does pay
to move from welfare to work. © 2002 by the Association for
Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.10080},
Key = {fds227109}
}
%% Androski, Lindsay
@article{fds365710,
Author = {Androski, L},
Title = {A New Business-Charity Model Could Help Philanthropists
Invest Their Money More Effectively},
Journal = {Chronicle of Philanthropy},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds365710}
}
@article{fds365711,
Author = {Androski, L},
Title = {Corporate America’s philanthropy model doesn’t work.
It’s time for a better one},
Journal = {Fortune},
Publisher = {Time Inc.},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds365711}
}
@article{fds365713,
Author = {Adair, JE and Androski, L and Bayigga, L and Bazira, D and Brandon, E and Dee, L and Deeks, S and Draz, M and Dubé, K and Dybul, M and Gurkan, U and Harlow, E and Kityo, C and Louella, M and Malik, P and Mathews, V and McKemey, A and Mugerwa, H and Muyanja, D and Olayiwola, O and Orentas,
RJ and Popovski, A and Sheehy, J and Ssali, F and Nsubuga, MS and Tisdale,
JF and Verhoeyen, E and Dropulić, B},
Title = {Towards access for all: 1st Working Group Report for the
Global Gene Therapy Initiative (GGTI).},
Journal = {Gene Therapy},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41434-021-00284-4},
Abstract = {The gene and cell therapy field saw its first approved
treatments in Europe in 2012 and the United States in 2017
and is projected to be at least a $10B USD industry by 2025.
Despite this success, a massive gap exists between the
companies, clinics, and researchers developing these
therapeutic approaches, and their availability to the
patients who need them. The unacceptable reality is a
geographic exclusion of low-and middle-income countries
(LMIC) in gene therapy development and ultimately the
provision of gene therapies to patients in LMIC. This is
particularly relevant for gene therapies to treat human
immunodeficiency virus infection and hemoglobinopathies,
global health crises impacting tens of millions of people
primarily located in LMIC. Bridging this divide will require
research, clinical and regulatory infrastructural
development, capacity-building, training, an approval
pathway and community adoption for success and sustainable
affordability. In 2020, the Global Gene Therapy Initiative
was formed to tackle the barriers to LMIC inclusion in gene
therapy development. This working group includes diverse
stakeholders from all sectors and has set a goal of
introducing two gene therapy Phase I clinical trials in two
LMIC, Uganda and India, by 2024. Here we report on progress
to date for this initiative.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41434-021-00284-4},
Key = {fds365713}
}
@article{fds365712,
Author = {Adair, JE and Androski, L and Bayigga, L and Bazira, D and Brandon, E and Dee, L and Deeks, S and Draz, M and Dubé, K and Dybul, M and Gurkan, U and Harlow, E and Kityo, C and Louella, M and Malik, P and Mathews, V and McKemey, A and Mugerwa, H and Muyanja, D and Olayiwola, O and Orentas,
RJ and Popovski, A and Sheehy, J and Ssali, F and Nsubuga, MS and Tisdale,
JF and Verhoeyen, E and Dropulić, B},
Title = {Correction: Towards access for all: 1st Working Group Report
for the Global Gene Therapy Initiative (GGTI).},
Journal = {Gene Therapy},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41434-021-00293-3},
Doi = {10.1038/s41434-021-00293-3},
Key = {fds365712}
}
@article{fds365714,
Author = {Androski, L},
Title = {BIOLOGICS IN THE PRACTICE OF LAW},
Journal = {Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-38},
Publisher = {Harvard Law School},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds365714}
}
@article{fds365715,
Author = {Androski, L},
Title = {The Paul Michel You Never Knew},
Journal = {John Marshall Review of Intellectual Property
Law},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {286-286},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds365715}
}
@article{fds365716,
Author = {Androski, L},
Title = {A Contested Merger: The Intersection of Class Actions and
Mandatory Arbitration Clauses},
Journal = {The University of Chicago Legal Forum},
Volume = {2003},
Number = {1},
Pages = {631-631},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds365716}
}
%% Anton, James J.
@article{fds265881,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Biglaiser, G and Vettas, N},
Title = {DYNAMIC PRICE COMPETITION WITH CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS AND A
STRATEGIC BUYER},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {943-958},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12077},
Doi = {10.1111/iere.12077},
Key = {fds265881}
}
@article{fds265897,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Biglaiser, G},
Title = {Quality, upgrades and equilibrium in a dynamic monopoly
market},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {148},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1179-1212},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2012.12.006},
Abstract = {We examine an infinite horizon model of quality growth for a
durable goods monopoly. The seller may offer any bundle(s)
of current and previous quality improvements (upgrades).
Subgame perfect equilibrium seller payoffs range from
capturing the full social surplus down to only the initial
flow value of each good, as long as the value of all future
quality growth exceeds the value of a single unit. Each of
these payoffs is realized in a Markov perfect equilibrium
that follows the socially efficient path. However,
inefficient delay equilibria, with bundling, exist for
innovation rates above a threshold. © 2012 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2012.12.006},
Key = {fds265897}
}
@article{fds311129,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, D},
Title = {Delay as Agenda Setting},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {135},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We examine a multi-issue dynamic decision-making process
that involves endogenous commitment. Our primary focus is on
actions that impact delay, an extreme form of lack of
commitment. Delay is strategically interesting when decision
makers with asymmetric preferences face multiple issues and
have limited resources for influencing outcomes. A delayed
decision becomes part of the subsequent agenda, thereby
altering the allocation of resources. The opportunity to
delay decisions leads the players to act against their
short-run interests when they have strongly asymmetric
preferences. Two classes of strategic activity emerge:
focusing (reductions in delay) and pinning (increases in
delay). We characterize these equilibria, explore how
strategic delay alters the benefits to agenda setting, and
develop implications for settings where bargaining is
feasible. Our analysis applies directly to group,
hierarchical, and coalitional decision making settings and
illuminates a range of multi-market competitive
interactions.},
Key = {fds311129}
}
@article{fds265898,
Author = {Anton, J and Biglaiser, G and Lewis, T},
Title = {Inventory in vertical relationships with private information
and interdependent values},
Journal = {International Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-63},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1742-7355},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7363.2010.00153.x},
Abstract = {We study the use of inventory when a distributor is better
informed about demand than a manufacturer. We find that when
distributor and manufacturer values are interdependent it is
optimal to endow the distributor with some inventory before
it obtains its private information. We characterize the
final allocation of the good and show that the distributor
may have too few (many) units relative to the efficient
allocation when demand is high (low). ©
IAET.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1742-7363.2010.00153.x},
Key = {fds265898}
}
@article{fds265896,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Biglaiser, G},
Title = {Compatibility, interoperability, and market power in upgrade
markets},
Journal = {Economics of Innovation and New Technology},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {373-385},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1043-8599},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10438591003603163},
Abstract = {We examine the market power of a seller who repeatedly
offers upgraded versions of a product. In the case of pure
monopoly, the seller also controls compatibility across
versions. In the case of an entrant who offers an upgrade,
the incumbent seller also controls subsequent
interoperability across versions. We argue that control of
compatibility and interoperability does not allow an
incumbent seller to charge a price premium relative to when
such control is absent and, consequently, neither is a
necessary source of market power. © 2010 Taylor &
Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/10438591003603163},
Key = {fds265896}
}
@article{fds265895,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Split-award procurement auctions with uncertain scale
economies: Theory and data},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-41},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2009.09.001},
Abstract = {In a number of observed procurements, the buyer has employed
an auction format that allows for a split-award outcome. We
focus on settings where the range of uncertainty regarding
scale economies is large and, depending on cost
realizations, the efficient allocations include split-award
outcomes as well as sole-source outcomes (one active
supplier). We examine the price performance and efficiency
properties of split-award auctions under asymmetric
information. In equilibrium, both award outcomes can occur:
the split-award outcome arises only when it minimizes total
costs; sole-source outcomes, however, occur too often from
an efficiency viewpoint. Equilibrium bids involve pooling at
a common price for the split award, and separation for
sole-source awards. We provide conditions under which the
buyer and suppliers all benefit from a split-award format
relative to a winner-take-all unit auction format. Model
predictions are assessed with data on submitted
'step-ladder' bid prices for a U.S. defense split-award
procurement. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2009.09.001},
Key = {fds265895}
}
@article{fds265894,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Attracting skeptical buyers: Negotiating for intellectual
property rights},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1},
Pages = {319-348},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00481.x},
Abstract = {Expropriable disclosures of knowledge to prospective buyers
may be necessary to facilitate the sale of intellectual
property (IP). In principle, confidentiality agreements can
protect disclosures by granting the seller rights to sue for
unauthorized use. In practice, sellers often waive
confidentiality rights. We provide an incomplete information
explanation for the waiver of confidentiality rights that
are valuable in complete information settings. Waiving
sacrifices the protective value of confidentiality to gain
greater buyer participation. Buyer skepticism, which reduces
participation, arises endogenously from three elements:
asymmetric information regarding seller IP, rent dissipation
from competition for IP, and ex post costs from
expropriation lawsuits. © 2008 by the Economics Department
Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University
Institute Of Social And Economic Research
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00481.x},
Key = {fds265894}
}
@article{fds265893,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Finding "lost" profits: An equilibrium analysis of patent
infringement damages},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {186-207},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {8756-6222},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewm008},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of patent infringement damages in an
equilibrium oligopoly model of process innovation where the
choice to infringe is endogenous and affects market choices.
Under the lost profits measure of damages normally employed
by U.S. courts, we find that infringement always occurs in
equilibrium with the infringing firm making market choices
that manipulate the resulting market profit of the patent
holder. In equilibrium, infringement takes one of two forms:
a "passive" form in which lost profits of the patent holder
are zero and an "aggressive" form where they are strictly
positive. Even though the patentee's profits are protected
with the lost profits damage measure, innovation incentives
are reduced relative to a regime where infringement is
deterred. © The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University
Press on behalf of Yale University. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jleo/ewm008},
Key = {fds265893}
}
@misc{fds311132,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Greene, H and Yao, DA},
Title = {Policy implications of weak patent rights},
Journal = {Innovation Policy and the Economy 6},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {1-26},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Editor = {Jaffe, AB and Lerner, J and Stern, S},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-262-60068-2},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000244332800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311132}
}
@article{fds265891,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Varma, GD},
Title = {Storability, market structure, and demand-shift
incentives},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {520-543},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
Abstract = {We consider a two-period model in which buyers can store a
good by purchasing in advance of consumption so as to
realize potential gains from intertemporal arbitrage. We
find that storability introduces a kink in the aggregate
period-1 demand. When supply is oligopolistic (quantity
setting) and consumers are sufficiently patient (storage
cost is relatively low), each firm has a strong current
incentive to capture future market share from a rival. As a
result, in equilibrium, the price path is increasing and
there is rational in-advance purchase by buyers. In
contrast, the monopoly and perfectly competitive markets
exhibit no such price dynamics. Intermediate storage costs
result in multiple equilibria, with at least one that
involves advance purchase and one that does not. Copyright
© 2005, RAND.},
Key = {fds265891}
}
@article{fds265892,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Markets for partially contractible knowledge: Bootstrapping
versus bundling},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {745-754},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1542-4766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.745},
Abstract = {We discuss how a seller can appropriate rents when selling
knowledge that lacks legal property rights by solving either
an expropriation or a valuation problem and then analyze how
seller rents increase when a portion of the intellectual
property (IP) can be protected. The analysis shows that a
sequential strategy in which the protected portion of the IP
is sold prior to selling the unprotected IP is superior to
selling both portions of the IP as a bundle. © 2005 by the
European Economic Association.},
Doi = {10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.745},
Key = {fds265892}
}
@article{fds265889,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Gertler, PJ},
Title = {Regulation, local monopolies and spatial
competition},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-141},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:REGE.0000012286.33952.6c},
Abstract = {Many regulated industries involve an oligopoly market
structure. We examine optimal incentive regulation for a
duopoly model of spatial competition when firms have private
cost information. Market structure is endogenous as
regulation determines market segments for firms and output
distribution across consumers in each firm's market. By
varying the assignment of consumers to firms, a relatively
more efficient firm can be rewarded with a larger market,
thus reducing quantity incentive distortions. We derive the
optimal policy assess the impact of asymmetric information
relative to full information, and examine extensions to
allow for ex ante asymmetries in firm structure.},
Doi = {10.1023/B:REGE.0000012286.33952.6c},
Key = {fds265889}
}
@article{fds265890,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Little patents and big secrets: Managing intellectual
property},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-22},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1593727},
Abstract = {Exploitation of an innovation commonly requires some
disclosure of enabling knowledge {e.g., to obtain a patent
or induce complementary investment). When property rights
offer only limited protection, the value of the disclosure
is offset by the increased threat of imitation. Our model
incorporates three features critical to this setting:
innovation creates asymmetric information, innovation often
has only limited legal protection, and disclosure
facilitates imitation. Imitation depends on inferences the
imitator makes about the innovator's advance. We find an
equilibrium in which small inventions are not imitated,
medium inventions involve a form of "implicit licensing,"
and large inventions are protected primarily through secrecy
when property rights are weak.},
Doi = {10.2307/1593727},
Key = {fds265890}
}
@article{fds265886,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Patents, invalidity, and the strategic transmission of
enabling information},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-178},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105864003766754189},
Abstract = {The patent system encourages innovation and knowledge
disclosure by providing exclusivity to inventors.
Exclusivity is limited, however, because a substantial
fraction of patents have some probability of being ruled
invalid when challenged in court. The possibility of
invalidity - and an ensuing market competition - suggests
that when an innovator's capability (e.g., cost of
production) is private information, there is potential value
to an innovator from signaling strong capability via a
disclosure that transfers technical knowledge to a
competitor. We model a product-innovation setting in which a
valid patent gives market exclusivity and find a unique
signaling equilibrium. One might expect that as the
probability that a patent will be invalid becomes low,
greater disclosure will be induced. We do not find this
expectation to be generally supported. Further, even where
full disclosure arises in equilibrium, it is only the less
capable who make full disclosures. The equilibrium analysis
also highlights many of the novel and appealing features of
enabling knowledge disclosure signals.},
Doi = {10.1162/105864003766754189},
Key = {fds265886}
}
@article{fds265887,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {The sale of ideas: Strategic disclosure, property rights,
and contracting},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {69},
Number = {3},
Pages = {513-531},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-937X.t01-1-00020},
Abstract = {Ideas are difficult to sell when buyers cannot assess an
idea's value before it is revealed and sellers cannot
protect a revealed idea. These problems exist in a variety
of intellectual property sales ranging from pure ideas to
poorly protected inventions and reflect the nonverifiability
of key elements of an intellectual property sale. An
expropriable partial disclosure can be used as a signal,
allowing the seller to obtain payment based on the value of
the remaining (undisclosed) know-how. We examine contracting
after the disclosure and find that seller wealth is pivotal
in supporting a partial disclosure equilibrium and in
determining the payoff size.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-937X.t01-1-00020},
Key = {fds265887}
}
@article{fds265888,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Vander Weide and JH and Vettas, N},
Title = {Entry auctions and strategic behavior under cross-market
price constraints},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {611-629},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7187(01)00055-8},
Abstract = {We examine how universal service provisions and price
restrictions across markets impact strategic entry and
pricing. We develop a simple multi-market model with an
oligopolistic (profitable) urban market and entry auctions
for (unprofitable) rural service. Cross-market price
restrictions induce a firm operating in both markets to
become a 'softer' competitor, thus placing the firm at a
strategic disadvantage. When we account for entry incentives
and strategic bidding, the downstream strategic disadvantage
becomes advantageous, leading to higher prices and profits.
Price restrictions may also put outside firms, even
relatively inefficient ones, at a strategic advantage. ©
2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0167-7187(01)00055-8},
Key = {fds265888}
}
@article{fds265885,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Start-ups, spin-offs, and internal projects},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {362-378},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {8756-6222},
Key = {fds265885}
}
@misc{fds311133,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Standard-setting consortia, antitrust, and high-technology
industries},
Journal = {ANTITRUST LAW JOURNAL},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {247-265},
Publisher = {AMER BAR ASSOC},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-6056},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995TP10200010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311133}
}
@article{fds311130,
Author = {ANTON, JJ and YAO, DA},
Title = {EXPROPRIATION AND INVENTIONS - APPROPRIABLE RENTS IN THE
ABSENCE OF PROPERTY-RIGHTS},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {84},
Number = {1},
Pages = {190-209},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NA54200011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311130}
}
@article{fds311135,
Author = {Anton, JJ},
Title = {Seniority and Efficiency},
Journal = {The Scandinavian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {3},
Pages = {425-425},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0347-0520},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992JP27600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3440071},
Key = {fds311135}
}
@article{fds311134,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Coordination in split award auctions},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {107},
Number = {2},
Pages = {681-707},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992HV37600012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We analyze split award procurement auctions in which a buyer
divides full production between two suppliers or awards all
production to a single supplier, and suppliers have private
cost information. An intriguing feature of split awards is
that the equilibrium bids are implicitly coordinated.
Because a split award price is the sum of offered split
prices, each supplier can unilaterally veto a split award by
bidding very high for the split. The need to coordinate is
reflected in a split pri;e that does not vary with private
information. We also explore conditions under which split
award auctions may be preferred to winner-take-all auctions.
© President and Fellows of Harvard College.},
Doi = {10.2307/2118486},
Key = {fds311134}
}
@article{fds322706,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Measuring the effectiveness of competition in defense
procurement: A survey of the empirical literature},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-79},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325113},
Abstract = {This article surveys the empirical literature that has
attempted to measure the effects of competition in defense
procurement. Its focus is on the conceptual underpinnings of
the empirical models rather than on the technical aspects of
the estimation procedures. While the empirical studies
provide some valuable insight, the studies are flawed
because they assume an implicit model of the procurement
environment that is inconsistent with reasonable economic
behavior on the part of defense contractors and seems to be
contradicted by the evidence. In general, the predictive
power of the empirical models is also limited by a
program‐by‐program estimation approach in which only a
handful of data points are available to estimate two or more
parameters. These empirical models could be improved by the
use of structural models that assume reasonable economic
behavior and provide a theoretical basis for cross‐program
analyses. Copyright © 1990 Association for Public Policy
Analysis and Management},
Doi = {10.2307/3325113},
Key = {fds322706}
}
@article{fds311131,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Split Awards, Procurement, and Innovation},
Journal = {The RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {538-538},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989CV35400005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2555732},
Key = {fds311131}
}
@article{fds265884,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Gertler, PJ},
Title = {External markets and regulation},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {243-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(88)90073-4},
Abstract = {Regulated firms often sell to 'external' markets in addition
to their regulated or 'internal' markets. The welfare of
consumers in these 'external' markets is typically outside
of the regulator's domain of concern. As a result,
'external' markets provide the regulator with additional
policy options for the strategic influence of firm behavior
in the presence of asymmetric information. Without an
'external' market, asymmetric information introduces an
incentive cost and, consequently, the optimal policy is
forced to distort 'internal' production below the first-best
level. We show that profit opportunities presented by an
'external' market can be used to absorb some (all, when the
firm is an 'external' price-taker) of the incentive cost,
and thus insulate the 'internal' market from quantity
distortions. © 1988.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(88)90073-4},
Key = {fds265884}
}
@article{fds265883,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Yao, DA},
Title = {Second sourcing and the experience curve: Price competition
in defense procurement},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-76},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555535},
Abstract = {We examine a dynamic model of price competition in defense
procurement that incorporates the experience curve,
asymmetric cost information, and the availability of a
higher cost alternative system. We model acquisition as a
two-stage process in which initial production is governed by
a contract between the government and the developer.
Competition is then introduced by an auction in which a
second source bids against the developer for remaining
production. We characterize the class of production
contracts that are cost minimizing for the government and
that induce the developer to reveal private cost
information. When high costs are revealed, these contracts
result in a credible cutoff of new system production in
favor of the still higher cost alternative
system.},
Doi = {10.2307/2555535},
Key = {fds265883}
}
%% Arcidiacono, Peter S.
@article{fds363227,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Kinsler, J and Ransom, T},
Title = {Recruit to reject? Harvard and African American
applicants},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {88},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2022.102255},
Abstract = {Elite colleges in the US have seen dramatic increases in
applications over the past few decades, in part the result
of expanded applicant recruiting. However, broadening the
applicant pool while also maintaining diversity may require
encouraging applications from individuals who have little to
no chance of admission. We shed new light on this behavior
using detailed data on Harvard University that was made
public as part of the SFFA v. Harvard lawsuit. We show that
Harvard encourages applications from many students who
effectively have no chance of being admitted, and that this
is particularly true for African Americans. After a 28-year
period where the African American share of applicants to
Harvard was roughly stable, the African American share of
applicants grew by almost 57% over four years. Yet, there
was little change in the share of admits who were African
American, consistent with our finding that the increase in
applications was driven by those with lower SAT scores. We
show that this change in applicant behavior resulted in
substantial convergence in the overall admissions rates
across races yet no change in the large cross-race
differences in admissions rates for high-SAT
applicants.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2022.102255},
Key = {fds363227}
}
@article{fds362509,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Kinsler, J and Ransom, T},
Title = {Asian American Discrimination in Harvard
Admissions},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {144},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2022.104079},
Abstract = {Using detailed admissions data made public in the SFFA v.
Harvard case, we examine how Asian American applicants are
treated relative to similarly situated white applicants. Our
preferred model shows that typical Asian American applicants
would see their average admit rate rise by 19%, or
approximately 1 percentage point, if they were treated as
white applicants. We show that one of the channels through
which Asian Americans are penalized is the personal rating
and that including the personal rating cuts the Asian
American penalty by less than half. While identifying the
causal impact of race using observational data is
challenging because of the presence of unobservables, this
concern is mitigated in our setting. There is limited scope
for omitted variables to overturn the result because (i)
Asian Americans are substantially stronger than whites on
the observables associated with admissions and (ii) the
richness of the data yields a model that predicts admissions
extremely well.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2022.104079},
Key = {fds362509}
}
@article{fds359776,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Kinsler, J and Ransom, T},
Title = {Legacy and athlete preferences at Harvard},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-155},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/713744},
Abstract = {We use public documents from the Students for Fair
Admissions v. Harvard University lawsuit to examine
admissions preferences for recruited athletes, legacies,
those on the dean’s interest list, and children of faculty
and staff (ALDCs). More than 43% of white admits are ALDC;
the share for African American, Asian American, and
Hispanics is less than 16%. Our model of admissions shows
that roughly three-quarters of white ALDC admits would have
been rejected absent their ALDC status. Removing preferences
for athletes and legacies would significantly alter the
racial distribution of admitted students away from
whites.},
Doi = {10.1086/713744},
Key = {fds359776}
}
@article{fds366558,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Joseph Hotz and V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Ex ante returns and occupational choice},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {128},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4475-4522},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710559},
Abstract = {Using data from Duke University undergraduates, we make
three main contributions to the literature. First, we show
that data on earnings beliefs and probabilities of choosing
particular occupations are highly informative of future
earnings and occupations. Second, we show how beliefs data
can be used to recover ex ante treatment effects and their
relationship with individual choices. We find large
differences in expected earnings across occupations and
provide evidence of sorting on expected gains. Finally,
nonpecuniary factors play an important role, with a sizable
share of individuals willing to give up substantial amounts
of earnings by not choosing their highest-paying
occupation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710559},
Key = {fds366558}
}
@article{fds346850,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Miller, RA},
Title = {Identifying dynamic discrete choice models off short
panels},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {215},
Number = {2},
Pages = {473-485},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.12.025},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes the identification of flow payoffs and
counterfactual choice probabilities (CCPs) in single-agent
dynamic discrete choice models. We develop new results on
non-stationary models where the time horizon for the agent
extends beyond the length of the data (short panels). We
show that counterfactual CCPs in short panels are identified
when induced by temporary policy changes affecting payoffs,
even though the utility flows are not. Counterfactual CCPs
induced by innovations to state transitions are generally
not identified unless the model exhibits single action
finite dependence, and the payoffs of those actions
establishing single action finite dependence are
known.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.12.025},
Key = {fds346850}
}
@article{fds351266,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Ellickson, P and Mela, CF and Singleton,
JD},
Title = {The Competitive Effects of Entry: Evidence from Supercenter
Expansion},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-APPLIED ECONOMICS},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {175-206},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20180047},
Abstract = {Coupling weekly grocery transactions with the exact location
and opening date of Walmarts over an 11-year period, we
examine how Supercenter entry affects prices and revenues at
incumbent supermarkets. We find that entry within 1 mile of
an incumbent causes a sharp 16 percent drop in revenue, a
competitive effect that decays quickly with distance.
Surprisingly, despite large cross-sectional differences in
supermarket prices by exposure to Walmart, our findings also
indicate that Supercenter entry has no causal effect on
incumbent prices. This result is robust across many
dimensions, including a lack of price response for
individual products, and across brands within a
category.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20180047},
Key = {fds351266}
}
@article{fds345403,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Miller, RA},
Title = {Nonstationary dynamic models with finite
dependence},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {853-890},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE626},
Abstract = {The estimation of nonstationary dynamic discrete choice
models typically requires making assumptions far beyond the
length of the data. We extend the class of dynamic discrete
choice models that require only a few-period-ahead
conditional choice probabilities, and develop algorithms to
calculate the finite dependence paths. We do this both in
single agent and games settings, resulting in expressions
for the value functions that allow for much weaker
assumptions regarding the time horizon and the transitions
of the state variables beyond the sample
period.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE626},
Key = {fds345403}
}
@article{fds323451,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Kinsler, J and Price, J},
Title = {Productivity spillovers in team production: Evidence from
professional basketball},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-225},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/687529},
Abstract = {We estimate a model where workers are heterogeneous both in
their own productivity and in their ability to facilitate
the productivity of others. We use data from professional
basketball to measure the importance of peers in
productivity because we have clear measures of output and
members of a worker’s group change on a regular basis. Our
empirical results highlight that productivity spillovers
play an important role in team production. Despite this, we
find that worker compensation is largely determined by own
productivity with little weight given to productivity
spillovers.},
Doi = {10.1086/687529},
Key = {fds323451}
}
@article{fds320557,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, E and Maurel, AP and Ransom,
T},
Title = {College Attrition and the Dynamics of Information
Revelation},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {222},
Pages = {69 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the role played by informational
frictions in college and the workplace. We estimate a
dynamic structural model of schooling and work decisions,
where individuals have imperfect information about their
schooling ability and labor market productivity. We take
into account the heterogeneity in schooling investments by
distinguishing between two- and four-year colleges, graduate
school, as well as science and non-science majors for
four-year colleges. Individuals may also choose whether to
work full-time, part-time, or not at all. A key feature of
our approach is to account for correlated learning through
college grades and wages, whereby individuals may leave or
re-enter college as a result of the arrival of new
information on their ability and productivity. Our findings
indicate that the elimination of informational frictions
would increase the college graduation rate by 9 percentage
points, and would increase the college wage premium by 32.7
percentage points through increased sorting on
ability.},
Key = {fds320557}
}
@article{fds314737,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Beauchamp, A and McElroy, M},
Title = {Terms of Endearment: An Equilibrium Model of Sex and
Matching},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-156},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1759-7323},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE429},
Doi = {10.3982/QE429},
Key = {fds314737}
}
@article{fds314738,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Lovenheim, M},
Title = {Affirmative action and the quality-fit trade-off},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-51},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.54.1.3},
Abstract = {This paper reviews the literature on affirmative action in
undergraduate education and law schools, focusing especially
on the trade-off between institutional quality and the fit
between a school and a student. We discuss the conditions
under which affirmative action for underrepresented
minorities (URM) could help or harm their educational
outcomes. We provide descriptive evidence on the extent of
affirmative action in law schools, as well as a critical
review of the contentious literature on how affirmative
action affects URM law-school student performance. Our
review then discusses affirmative action in undergraduate
admissions, focusing on the effects such admissions
preferences have on college quality, graduation rates,
college major, and earnings. We conclude by examining the
evidence on "percent plans" as a replacement for affirmative
action. (JEL I23, I26, I28, J15, J31, J44,
K10).},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.54.1.3},
Key = {fds314738}
}
@misc{fds318152,
Author = {Altonji, JG and Arcidiacono, P and Maurel, A},
Title = {The Analysis of Field Choice in College and Graduate School.
Determinants and Wage Effects},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {305-396},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780444634597},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Abstract = {As the workforce has become more educated, educational
decisions are about what type of education to pursue as well
as how much to pursue. In college, individuals somewhat
specialize through their choice of college major. Further
specialization occurs in graduate school. This chapter
investigates how majors and graduate school affect labor
market outcomes, as well as how individuals make these
potentially important decisions. To do so, we develop a
dynamic model of educational decision-making. In light of
the model, we examine the estimation issues associated with
obtaining causal effects of educational choices on earnings.
We then examine ways that authors have overcome the
selection problem, as well as the approaches authors have
taken to estimate the process by which these educational
decisions are made. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Key = {fds318152}
}
@article{fds324033,
Author = {Maurel, AP and Altonji, J and Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {The Analysis of Field Choice in College and Graduate School:
Determinants and Wage Effects},
Journal = {In Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {305-396},
Editor = {Hanushek, E and Machin, S and Woessmann, L},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds324033}
}
@article{fds237865,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Lovenheim, M and Zhu, M},
Title = {Affirmative Action in Undergraduate Education},
Journal = {Annual Review of Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {487-518},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1941-1383},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115445},
Abstract = {The use of race in college admissions is one of the most
contentious issues in US higher education. We survey the
literature on the impact of racial preferences in college
admissions on both minority and majority students. With
regard to minority students, particular attention is paid to
the scope of preferences as well as how preferences affect
graduation, choice of major, and labor market earnings. We
also examine how schools respond to bans on racial
preferences and the effects these responses have on racial
diversity at elite schools. With regard to majority
students, we examine the evidence on the returns to
attending a more racially diverse school, as well as how
racial preferences affect friendship formation. Finally, we
supplement studies of affirmative action in the United
States with evidence from India, which provides a much more
straightforward environment in which to study affirmative
action owing to the use of quotas and admissions rules based
solely on exam scores.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115445},
Key = {fds237865}
}
@article{fds237864,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Beauchamp, A and Hull, M and Sanders,
S},
Title = {Exploring the racial divide in education and the labor
market through evidence from interracial
families},
Journal = {Journal of Human Capital},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-238},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1932-8575},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681957},
Abstract = {We examine gaps between minorities and whites in education
and labor market outcomes, controlling for many covariates
including maternal race. Identification comes from different
reported races within the family. Estimates show two
distinct patterns. First, there are no significant
differences in outcomes between black and white males with
white mothers. Second, large differences persist between
these groups and black males with black mothers. The
patterns are insensitive to alternative measures of own race
and school fixed effects. Our results suggest that
discrimination is not occurring on the basis of child skin
color but through mother-child channels such as dialect or
parenting practices.},
Doi = {10.1086/681957},
Key = {fds237864}
}
@article{fds324034,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Recovering Ex Ante Returns and Preferences for Occupations
Using Subjective Expectations Data},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {178},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We show that data on subjective expectations, especially on
outcomes from counterfactual choices and choice
probabilities, are a powerful tool in recovering ex ante
treatment effects as well as preferences for different
treatments. In this paper we focus on the choice of
occupation, and use elicited beliefs from a sample of male
undergraduates at Duke University. By asking individuals
about potential earnings associated with counterfactual
choices of college majors and occupations, we can recover
the distribution of the ex ante monetary returns to
particular occupations, and how these returns vary across
majors. We then propose a model of occupational choice which
allows us to link subjective data on earnings and choice
probabilities with the non-pecuniary preferences for each
occupation. We find large differences in expected earnings
across occupations, and substantial heterogeneity across
individuals in the corresponding ex ante returns. However,
while sorting across occupations is partly driven by the ex
ante monetary returns, non-monetary factors play a key role
in this decision. Finally, our results point to the
existence of sizable complementarities between college major
and occupations, both in terms of earnings and non-monetary
benefits.},
Key = {fds324034}
}
@article{fds237866,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Koedel, C},
Title = {Race and college success: Evidence from Missouri},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {20-57},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.6.3.20},
Abstract = {Conditional on enrollment, African American students are
substantially less likely to graduate from four-year public
universities than white students. Using administrative
micro-data from Missouri, we decompose the graduation gap
into racial differences in four factors: (i) how students
sort to universities, (ii) how students sort to initial
majors, (iii) high-school quality, and (iv) other preentry
skills. Preentry skills explain 65 and 86 percent of the gap
for women and men respectively. A small role is found for
differential sorting into college, driven by African
Americans' disproportionate representation in urban schools
and schools at the very bottom of the quality distribution.
(JEL H75, I21, I23, J15, R23).},
Doi = {10.1257/app.6.3.20},
Key = {fds237866}
}
@article{fds237869,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Ellickson, PB and Landry, P and Ridley,
DB},
Title = {Pharmaceutical followers},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {538-553},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.10.005},
Abstract = {We estimate a model of drug demand and supply that
incorporates insurance, advertising, and competition between
branded and generic drugs within and across therapeutic
classes. We use data on antiulcer drugs from 1991 to 2010.
Our simulations show that generics and "me-too" drugs each
increased consumer welfare more than $100 million in 2010,
holding insurance premiums constant. However, insurance
payments in 2010 fell by nearly $1 billion due to generics
and rose by over $7 billion due to me-too antiulcer drugs.
© 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.10.005},
Key = {fds237869}
}
@article{fds237868,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, E and Hussey, A and Spenner,
K},
Title = {Racial segregation patterns in selective
universities},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1039-1060},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/674056},
Abstract = {This paper examines sorting into interracial friendships at
selective universities. We show significant friendship
segregation, particularly for blacks. Indeed, blacks'
friendships are no more diverse in college than in high
school, despite the fact that the colleges that blacks
attend have substantially smaller black populations.We
demonstrate that the segregation patterns occur in part
because affirmative action results in large differences in
the academic backgrounds of students of different races,
with students preferring to form friendships with those of
similar academic backgrounds. Within a school, stronger
academic backgrounds make whites' friendships with blacks
less likely and friendships with Asians more likely. These
results suggest that affirmative action admission policies
at selective universities, which drive a wedge between the
academic characteristics of different racial groups, may
result in increased within-school segregation. © 2013 by
The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/674056},
Key = {fds237868}
}
@article{fds237867,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Bugni, FA and James,
J},
Title = {Approximating High-Dimensional Dynamic Models: Sieve Value
Function Iteration},
Journal = {Advances in Econometrics},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {45-95},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0731-9053},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Abstract = {Many dynamic problems in economics are characterized by
large state spaces which make both computing and estimating
the model infeasible. We introduce a method for
approximating the value function of highdimensional dynamic
models based on sieves and establish results for the (a)
consistency, (b) rates of convergence, and (c) bounds on the
error of approximation. We embed this method for
approximating the solution to the dynamic problem within an
estimation routine and prove that it provides consistent
estimates of the modelik's parameters. We provide Monte
Carlo evidence that our method can successfully be used to
approximate models that would otherwise be infeasible to
compute, suggesting that these techniques may substantially
broaden the class of models that can be solved and
estimated. Copyright © 2013 by Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Key = {fds237867}
}
@article{fds318154,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, EM and Spenner, K},
Title = {What happens after enrollment? An analysis of the time path
of racial differences in GPA and major choice},
Journal = {IZA Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-5},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-8997-1-5},
Abstract = {Abstract: At the private university we analyze, the gap
between white and black grade point averages falls by half
between the students' freshmen and senior year. This outcome
could suggest that affirmative action policies are playing a
key role to reduce racial differences. However, this
convergence masks two effects. First, the variance of grades
given falls across time. Hence, shrinkage in the level of
the gap may not imply shrinkage in the class rank gap.
Second, grading standards differ across courses in different
majors. We show that controlling for these two features
virtually eliminates any convergence of black/white grades.
In fact, black/white gpa convergence is symptomatic of
dramatic shifts by blacks from initial interest in the
natural sciences, engineering, and economics to majors in
the humanities and social sciences. We show that natural
science, engineering, and economics courses are more
difficult, associated with higher study times, and have
harsher grading standards; all of which translate into
students with weaker academic backgrounds being less likely
to choose these majors. Indeed, we show that accounting for
academic background can fully account for average
differences in switching behavior between blacks and
whites.},
Doi = {10.1186/2193-8997-1-5},
Key = {fds318154}
}
@article{fds237871,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Foster, G and Goodpaster, N and Kinsler,
J},
Title = {Estimating spillovers using panel data, with an application
to the classroom},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {421-470},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1759-7323},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE145},
Abstract = {Obtaining consistent estimates of spillovers in an
educational context is hampered by at least two issues:
selection into peer groups and peer effects emanating from
unobservable characteristics. We develop an algorithm for
estimating spillovers using panel data that addresses both
of these problems. The key innovation is to allow the
spillover to operate through the fixed effects of a
student's peers. The only data requirements are multiple
outcomes per student and heterogeneity in the peer group
over time. We first show that the nonlinear least squares
estimate of the spillover parameter is consistent and
asymptotically normal for a fixed T. We then provide an
iterative estimation algorithm that is easy to implement and
converges to the nonlinear least squares solution. Using
University of Maryland transcript data, we find
statistically significant peer effects on course grades,
particularly in courses of a collaborative nature. We
compare our method with traditional approaches to the
estimation of peer effects, and quantify separately the
biases associated with selection and spillovers through peer
unobservables. © 2012 Peter Arcidiacono, Gigi Foster,
Natalie Goodpaster, and Josh Kinsler.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE145},
Key = {fds237871}
}
@article{fds237890,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Khwaja, A and Ouyang, L},
Title = {Habit persistence and teen sex: Could increased access to
contraception have unintended consequences for teen
pregnancies?},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {312-325},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2011.652052},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic discrete-choice model of teen sex and
pregnancy that incorporates habit persistence. Habit
persistence has two sources here. The first is a "fixed
cost" of having sex, which relates to a moral or
psychological barrier that has been crossed the first time
one has sex. The second is a "transition cost," whereby once
a particular relationship has progressed to sex, it is
difficult to move back. We estimate significant habit
persistence in teen sex, implying that the long-run effects
of contraception policy may be different from their
short-run counterparts, especially if the failure rate of
contraception is sufficiently large. Programs that increase
access to contraception are found to decrease teen
pregnancies in the short run but increase them in the long
run. © 2012 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2011.652052},
Key = {fds237890}
}
@article{fds237889,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Modeling college major choices using elicited measures of
expectations and counterfactuals},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {166},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-16},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.002},
Abstract = {The choice of a college major plays a critical role in
determining the future earnings of college graduates.
Students make their college major decisions in part due to
the future earnings streams associated with the different
majors. We survey students about what their expected
earnings would be both in the major they have chosen and in
counterfactual majors. We also elicit students' subjective
assessments of their abilities in chosen and counterfactual
majors. We estimate a model of college major choice that
incorporates these subjective expectations and assessments.
We show that both expected earnings and students' abilities
in the different majors are important determinants of a
student's choice of a college major. We also consider how
differences in students' forecasts about what the average
Duke student would earn in different majors versus what they
expect they would earn both influence one's choice of a
college major. In particular, our estimates suggest that
7.8% of students would switch majors if they had the same
expectations about the average returns to different majors
and differed only in their perceived comparative advantages
across these majors. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.002},
Key = {fds237889}
}
@article{fds237891,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Miller, RA},
Title = {Conditional choice probability estimation of dynamic
discrete choice models with unobserved heterogeneity},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1823-1867},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA7743},
Abstract = {We adapt the expectation-maximization algorithm to
incorporate unobserved heterogeneity into conditional choice
probability (CCP) estimators of dynamic discrete choice
problems. The unobserved heterogeneity can be time-invariant
or follow a Markov chain. By developing a class of problems
where the difference in future value terms depends on a few
conditional choice probabilities, we extend the class of
dynamic optimization problems where CCP estimators provide a
computationally cheap alternative to full solution methods.
Monte Carlo results confirm that our algorithms perform
quite well, both in terms of computational time and in the
precision of the parameter estimates. © 2011 The
Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA7743},
Key = {fds237891}
}
@article{fds237888,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Ellickson, PB},
Title = {Practical methods for estimation of dynamic discrete choice
models},
Journal = {Annual Review of Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {363-394},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1941-1383},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125038},
Abstract = {Many discrete decisions are made with an eye toward how they
will affect future outcomes. Formulating and estimating the
underlying models that generate these decisions is
difficult. Conditional choice probability (CCP) estimators
often provide simpler ways to estimate dynamic discrete
choice problems. Recent work shows how to frame dynamic
discrete choice problems in a way that is conducive to CCP
estimation and demonstrates that CCP estimators can be
adapted to handle rich patterns of unobserved state
variables. Copyright © 2011 by Annual Reviews. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125038},
Key = {fds237888}
}
@article{fds324035,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Beauchamp, A and McElroy, MB},
Title = {Terms of Endearment: An Equilibrium Model of Sex and
Matching},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {138},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We develop a directed search model of relationship formation
which can disentangle male and female preferences for types
of partners and for di fferent relationship terms using only
a cross-section of observed matches. Individuals direct
their search to a particular type of match on the basis of
(i) the terms of the relationship, (ii) the type of partner,
and (iii) the endogenously determined probability of
matching. If men outnumber women, they tend to trade a low
probability of a preferred match for a high probability of a
less-preferred match; the analogous statement holds for
women. Using data from National Longitudinal Study of
Adolescent Health we estimate the equilibrium matching model
with high school relationships. Variation in gender ratios
is used to uncover male and female preferences. Estimates
from the structural model match subjective data on whether
sex would occur in one's ideal relationship. The equilibrium
result shows that some women would ideally not have sex, but
do so out of matching concerns; the reverse is true for
men.},
Key = {fds324035}
}
@article{fds237887,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Khan, S and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Representation versus assimilation: How do preferences in
college admissions affect social interactions?},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-15},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.10.003},
Abstract = {Given the existence of non-selective universities, the
question of whether to employ racial preferences in college
admissions reduces to one of optimal allocation of a finite
resource: students who are members of under-represented
racial or ethnic groups. In this paper, we assess recent
legal arguments that racial preferences at selective
colleges promote meaningful on-campus interracial
interaction. As such, we odel such interaction as a function
of minority representation and, in some cases, perceived
social similarity between students of different races. We
estimate a structural model to capture these effects and use
the results to trace out the net effects of racial
preferences on population rates of interracial contact. The
results suggest that the interaction-maximizing degree of
racial preference, while positive, is significantly weaker
than that observed in practice. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.10.003},
Key = {fds237887}
}
@article{fds237885,
Author = {Ahn, T and Arcidiacono, P and Wessels, W},
Title = {The distributional impacts of minimum wage increases when
both labor supply and labor demand are endogenous},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {12-23},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.07076},
Abstract = {We develop and estimate a one-shot search model with
endogenous firm entry, and therefore zero expected profits,
and endogenous labor supply. Positive employment effects
from a minimum wage increase can result as the employment
level depends upon both the numbers of searching firms and
workers. Welfare implications are similar to the classical
analysis: workers who most want the minimum wage jobs are
hurt by the minimum wage hike with workers marginally
interested in minimum wage jobs benefiting. We estimate the
model using CPS data on teenagers and show that small
changes in the employment level are masking large changes in
labor supply and demand. Teenagers from well-educated
families see increases in their employment probabilities and
push out their less-privileged counterparts from the labor
market. This article has supplementary material online. ©
2011 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.07076},
Key = {fds237885}
}
@article{fds237886,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {does the river spill over? estimating the economic returns
to attending a racially diverse college},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {537-557},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00236.x},
Abstract = {This article evaluates the frequently argued but heretofore
little tested hypothesis that increasing minority
representation in elite colleges generates tangible benefits
for majority-race students. Using data on graduates of 30
selective universities, we find only weak evidence of any
relationship between collegiate racial composition and the
postgraduation outcomes of white or Asian students.
Moreover, the strongest evidence we uncover suggests that
increasing minority representation by lowering admission
standards is unlikely to produce benefits and may in fact
cause harm by reducing the representation of minority
students on less selective campuses. While affirmative
action may still be desirable for the benefits it conveys to
minority students, these results provide little support for
" spillover" effects on majority-race students. (JEL I2,
J15, J24). [T]he attainment of a diverse student body is a
constitutionally permissible goal for an institution of
higher education. The atmosphere of 'speculation, experiment
and creation'-so essential to the quality of higher
education-is widely believed to be promoted by a diverse
student body.-Lewis Powell, Regents of the University of
California v. Bakke (438 U.S. 265, 1978, pp. 311-12, quoting
Sweezy v. New Hampshire, 354 U.S. 234, 1957, p. 263). ©
2009 Western Economic Association International.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00236.x},
Key = {fds237886}
}
@article{fds237884,
Author = {Ahn, T and Arcidiacono, P and Murphy, A and Swinton,
O},
Title = {Explaining cross-racial differences in teenage labor force
participation: Results from a two-sided matching
model},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {156},
Number = {1},
Pages = {201-211},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6940 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {White teenagers are substantially more likely to search for
employment than black teenagers. This differential occurs
despite the fact that, conditional on race, individuals from
disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to search. While
the racial wage gap is small, the unemployment rate for
black teenagers is substantially higher than that of white
teenagers. We develop a two-sided search model where firms
are partially able to search on demographics. Model
estimates reveal that firms are more able to target their
search on race than on age. Employment and wage outcome
differences explain half of the racial gap in labor force
participation rates. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.09.017},
Key = {fds237884}
}
@article{fds237872,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Hizmo, A},
Title = {Beyond Signaling and Human Capital: Education and the
Revelation of Ability},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {13951},
Pages = {76-104},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/13951.html},
Abstract = {We provide evidence that college graduation plays a direct
role in revealing ability to the labor market. Using the
NLSY79, our results suggest that ability is observed nearly
perfectly for college graduates, but is revealed to the
labor market more gradually for high school graduates.
Consequently, from the beginning of their careers, college
graduates are paid in accordance with their own ability,
while the wages of high school graduates are initially
unrelated to their own ability. This view of ability
revelation in the labor market has considerable power in
explaining racial differences in wages, education, and
returns to ability.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.2.4.76},
Key = {fds237872}
}
@article{fds237883,
Author = {Antonovics, K and Arcidiacono, P and Walsh, R},
Title = {The effects of gender interactions in the lab and in the
field},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {152-162},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest.91.1.152},
Abstract = {An important issue with conducting economic analysis in the
lab is whether the results generalize to real-world
environments where the stakes and subject pool are
considerably different. We examine data from the game show
The Weakest Link to determine whether the gender of one's
opponent affects performance. We then attempt to replicate
the competitive structure of the game show in the lab with
an undergraduate subject pool. The results in the lab only
match when we both employ high stakes in the lab (≥ $50)
and limit our analysis to young contestants in the game show
(age < 33) © 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard
College and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.91.1.152},
Key = {fds237883}
}
@article{fds237882,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Cooley, J and Hussey, A},
Title = {The economic returns to an MBA},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {873-899},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00500.x},
Abstract = {Because MBA programs require work experience before
admittance, prior wages can be exploited to disentangle the
return to the degree from unobserved productivity. We find
that controlling for individual fixed effects generally
reduces the estimated returns to an MBA, particularly for
those in top programs. However, for full-time MBA students
attending schools outside of the top-25 the estimated
returns are higher when we control for individual fixed
effects. We show that there is some evidence that those who
take the GMAT but do not obtain an MBA are stronger in
dimensions such as workplace skills that are not easily
measured. © 2008 the Economics Department of the University
of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social
and Economic Research Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00500.x},
Key = {fds237882}
}
@article{fds237881,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Sieg, H and Sloan, F},
Title = {Living rationally under the volcano? An empirical analysis
of heavy drinking and smoking},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-65},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00417.x},
Abstract = {This study investigates whether models of forward-looking
behavior explain the observed patterns of heavy drinking and
smoking of men in late middle age in the Health and
Retirement Study better than myopic models. We develop and
estimate a sequence of nested models that differ by their
degree of forward-looking behavior. Our empirical findings
suggest that forward looking models fit the data better than
myopic models. These models also dominate other behavioral
models based on out-of-sample predictions using data of men
aged 70 and over. Myopic models predict rates of smoking for
old individuals, which are significantly larger than those
found in the data on elderly men. © 2007 by the Economics
Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka
University Institute Of Social And Economic Research
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00417.x},
Key = {fds237881}
}
@article{fds237879,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {Affirmative action in higher education: How do admission and
financial aid rules affect future earnings?},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {73},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1477-1524},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2005.00627.x},
Abstract = {This paper addresses how changing the admission and
financial aid rules at colleges affects future earnings. I
estimate a structural model of the following decisions by
individuals: where to submit applications, which school to
attend, and what field to study. The model also includes
decisions by schools as to which students to accept and how
much financial aid to offer. Simulating how black
educational choices would change were they to face the white
admission and aid rules shows that race-based advantages had
little effect on earnings. However, removing race-based
advantages does affect black educational outcomes. In
particular, removing advantages in admissions substantially
decreases the number of black students at top-tier schools,
while removing advantages in financial aid causes a decrease
in the number of blacks who attend college.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0262.2005.00627.x},
Key = {fds237879}
}
@article{fds237878,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Nicholson, S},
Title = {Peer effects in medical school},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {327-350},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2636 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Using data on the universe of students who graduated from US
medical schools between 1996 and 1998, we examine whether
the abilities and specialty preferences of a medical school
class affect a student's academic achievement in medical
school and his choice of specialty. We mitigate the
selection problem by including school-specific fixed
effects, and show that this method yields an upper bound on
peer effects for our data. We estimate positive peer effects
that disappear when school-specific fixed effects are added
to control for the endogeneity of a peer group. We find no
evidence that peer effects are stronger for blacks, that
peer groups are formed along racial lines, or that students
with relatively low ability benefit more from their peers
than students with relatively high-ability. However, we do
find some evidence that peer groups form along gender lines.
© 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2003.10.006},
Key = {fds237878}
}
@article{fds237875,
Author = {Aldrich, EM and Arcidiacono, PS and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Do people value racial diversity? Evidence from Nielsen
ratings},
Journal = {Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-24},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1538-0653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1396},
Abstract = {Nielsen ratings for ABC's Monday Night Football are
significantly higher when the game involves a black
quarterback. In this paper, we consider competing
explanations for this effect. First, quarterback race might
proxy for other player or team attributes. Second, black
viewership patterns might be sensitive to quarterback race.
Third, viewers of all races might be exhibiting a taste for
diversity. We use both ratings data and evidence on racial
attitudes from the General Social Survey to test these
hypotheses empirically. The evidence strongly supports the
taste-for-diversity hypothesis, while suggesting some role
for black own-race preferences as well. Copyright ©
1999-2005 Internet-Journals, Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1538-0653.1396},
Key = {fds237875}
}
@article{fds237880,
Author = {Antonovics, K and Arcidiacono, P and Walsh, R},
Title = {Games and discrimination: Lessons from the weakest
link},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {918-947},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xl.4.918},
Abstract = {We use data from the television game show, The Weakest Link,
to determine whether contestants discriminate on the basis
of race and gender and, if so, which theory of
discrimination best explains their behavior. Our results
suggest no evidence of discriminatory voting patterns by
males against females or by whites against blacks. In
contrast, we find that in the early rounds of the game women
appear to discriminate against men. We test three theories
for the voting behavior of women: preference-based
discrimination, statistical discrimination, and strategic
discrimination. We find only preference-based discrimination
to be consistent with the observed voting patterns. © 2005
by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.xl.4.918},
Key = {fds237880}
}
@article{fds342535,
Author = {Aldrich, EM and Arcidiacono, PS and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Do People Value Racial Diversity? Evidence from Nielsen
Ratings},
Journal = {B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-24},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/1538-0653.1396},
Abstract = {Nielsen ratings for ABC's Monday Night Football are
significantly higher when the game involves a black
quarterback. In this paper, we consider competing
explanations for this effect. First, quarterback race might
proxy for other player or team attributes. Second, black
viewership patterns might be sensitive to quarterback race.
Third, viewers of all races might be exhibiting a taste for
diversity. We use both ratings data and evidence on racial
attitudes from the General Social Survey to test these
hypotheses empirically. The evidence strongly supports the
taste-for-diversity hypothesis, while suggesting some role
for black own-race preferences as well.},
Doi = {10.1515/1538-0653.1396},
Key = {fds342535}
}
@article{fds237877,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {Ability sorting and the returns to college
major},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {121},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {343-375},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.010},
Abstract = {Large earnings and ability differences exist across majors.
This paper seeks to estimate the monetary returns to
particular majors as well as find the causes of the ability
sorting across majors. In order to accomplish this, I
estimate a dynamic model of college and major choice. Even
after controlling for selection, large earnings premiums
exist for certain majors. Differences in monetary returns
explain little of the ability sorting across majors;
virtually all ability sorting is because of preferences for
particular majors in college and the workplace, with the
former being larger than the latter. © 2003 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.010},
Key = {fds237877}
}
@article{fds237876,
Author = {Ahn, T and Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {Paying to queue: A theory of locational differences in
nonunion wages},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {565-579},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2003.11.005},
Abstract = {Traditional theories of the effect unions have on nonunion
wages are difficult to reconcile with firm and worker
mobility. We show how differences in nonunion wages can
persist in a two-city search model. Nonunion wage
differences across cities are driven by transition rates
into the union sector. Should union queues form in the
nonunion sector, union power decreases nonunion wages as
workers are willing to take lower wages to line up for union
jobs. However, if queues are formed in the unemployed
sector, union power increases nonunion wages as nonunion
firms pay premiums to induce workers to leave the queue. ©
2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2003.11.005},
Key = {fds237876}
}
@article{fds237874,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {The dynamic implications of search discrimination},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {7-8},
Pages = {1681-1706},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00204-3},
Abstract = {Blacks have both lower employment rates and lower earnings
than whites. Further, the earnings gap increases as workers
age. This paper focuses on explaining differences in
black/white earnings profiles and how government
interventions work in a dynamic environment. Three
contributions are made. Firstly, multiple equilibria may
exist solely because of a coordination failure by firms.
Even without taste discrimination, blacks may play no role
in their poor labor market outcomes. Secondly, search
discrimination leads to economic discrimination against the
non-discriminated group (reverse discrimination). Finally,
in response to a quota program, whites may find it optimal
to subsidize black investment. © 2002 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00204-3},
Key = {fds237874}
}
@article{fds237873,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Jones, JB},
Title = {Finite mixture distributions, sequential likelihood and the
EM algorithm},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {933-946},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1873 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A popular way to account for unobserved heterogeneity is to
assume that the data are drawn from a finite mixture
distribution. A barrier to using finite mixture models is
that parameters that could previously be estimated in stages
must now be estimated jointly: using mixture distributions
destroys any additive separability of the log-likelihood
function. We show, however, that an extension of the EM
algorithm reintroduces additive separability, thus allowing
one to estimate parameters sequentially during each
maximization step. In establishing this result, we develop a
broad class of estimators for mixture models. Returning to
the likelihood problem, we show that, relative to full
information maximum likelihood, our sequential estimator can
generate large computational savings with little loss of
efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0262.00431},
Key = {fds237873}
}
%% Ariely, Dan
@article{fds376744,
Author = {Peer, E and Mazar, N and Feldman, Y and Ariely, D},
Title = {How pledges reduce dishonesty: The role of involvement and
identification},
Journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology},
Volume = {113},
Year = {2024},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104614},
Abstract = {Authorities and managers often rely on individuals and
businesses' self-reports and employ various forms of honesty
declarations to ensure that those individuals and businesses
do not over-claim payments, benefits, or other resources.
While previous work has found that honesty pledges have the
potential to decrease dishonesty, effects have been mixed.
We argue that understanding and predicting when honesty
pledges are effective has been obstructed due to variations
in experimental designs and operationalizations of honesty
pledges in previous research. Specifically, we focus on the
role of whether and how an ex-ante honesty pledge asks
individuals to identify (by ID, name, initials) and how much
involvement the pledge requires from the individual (low:
just reading vs. high: re-typing the text of the pledge). In
four pre-registered online studies (N > 5000), we
systematically examine these two dimensions of a pledge to
find that involvement is often more effective than
identification. In addition, low involvement pledges,
without any identification, are mostly ineffective. Finally,
we find that the effect of a high (vs. low) involvement
pledge is relatively more persistent across tasks. Yet,
repeating a low involvement pledge across tasks increases
its effectiveness and compensates for the lower persistency
across tasks. Taken together, these results contribute both
to theory by comparing some of the mechanisms possibly
underlying honesty pledges as well as to practice by
providing guidance to managers and policymakers on how to
effectively design pledges to prevent or reduce dishonesty
in self-reports.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104614},
Key = {fds376744}
}
@article{fds372454,
Author = {Mitkidis, P and Perkovic, S and Nichols, A and Elbæk, CT and Gerlach,
P and Ariely, D},
Title = {Morality in minimally deceptive environments.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. Applied},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-61},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000476},
Abstract = {Psychologists, economists, and philosophers have long argued
that in environments where deception is normative, moral
behavior is harmed. In this article, we show that
individuals making decisions within minimally deceptive
environments do not behave more dishonestly than in
nondeceptive environments. We demonstrate the latter using
an example of experimental deception within established
institutions, such as laboratories and institutional review
boards. We experimentally manipulated whether participants
received information about their deception. Across three
well-powered studies, we empirically demonstrate that
minimally deceptive environments do not affect downstream
dishonest behavior. Only when participants were in a
minimally deceptive environment and aware of being observed,
their dishonest behavior decreased. Our results show that
the relationship between deception and dishonesty might be
more complicated than previous interpretations have
suggested and expand the understanding of how deception
might affect (im)moral behavior. We discuss possible
limitations and future directions as well as the applied
nature of these findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024
APA, all rights reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/xap0000476},
Key = {fds372454}
}
@article{fds374611,
Author = {Landry, AP and Fincher, K and Barr, N and Brosowsky, NP and Protzko, J and Ariely, D and Seli, P},
Title = {Harnessing dehumanization theory, modern media, and an
intervention tournament to reduce support for retributive
war crimes},
Journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology},
Volume = {111},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567},
Abstract = {We demonstrate how psychological scientists can curate
rich-yet-accessible media to intervene on
conflict-escalating attitudes during the earliest stages of
violent conflicts. Although wartime atrocities all-too-often
ignite destructive cycles of tit-for-tat war crimes,
powerful third parties can de-escalate the bloodshed.
Therefore, following Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine,
we aimed to reduce Americans' support for committing
retributive war crimes against Russian soldiers. To
intervene during the earliest stages of the invasion, we
drew on theories of dehumanization and “parasocial”
intergroup contact to curate publicly available media
expected to humanize Russian soldiers. We then identified
the most effective materials by simultaneously evaluating
all of them with an intervention tournament. This allowed us
to quickly implement a psychological intervention that
reliably reduced support for war crimes during the first
days of a momentous land war. Our work provides a practical,
result-driven model for developing psychological
interventions with the potential to de-escalate incipient
conflicts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567},
Key = {fds374611}
}
@article{fds376098,
Author = {Diamond, JE and Kaltenbach, LA and Granger, BB and Fonarow, GC and Al-Khalidi, HR and Albert, NM and Butler, J and Allen, LA and Lanfear,
DE and Thibodeau, JT and Granger, CB and Hernandez, AF and Ariely, D and DeVore, AD},
Title = {Access to Mobile Health Interventions Among Patients
Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Insights Into the Digital
Divide From the CONNECT-HF mHealth Substudy.},
Journal = {Circ Heart Fail},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e011140},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.011140},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.011140},
Key = {fds376098}
}
@article{fds373935,
Author = {Nichols, AD and Axt, J and Gosnell, E and Ariely,
D},
Title = {A field study of the impacts of workplace diversity on the
recruitment of minority group members.},
Journal = {Nature human behaviour},
Volume = {7},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2212-2227},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-023-01731-5},
Abstract = {Increasing workplace diversity is a common goal. Given
research showing that minority applicants anticipate better
treatment in diverse workplaces, we ran a field experiment
(N = 1,585 applicants, N = 31,928 website visitors)
exploring how subtle organizational diversity cues affected
applicant behaviour. Potential applicants viewed a company
with varying levels of racial/ethnic or gender diversity.
There was little evidence that racial/ethnic or gender
diversity impacted the demographic composition or quality of
the applicant pool. However, fewer applications were
submitted to organizations with one form of diversity (that
is, racial/ethnic or gender diversity), and more
applications were submitted to organizations with only white
men employees or employees diverse in race/ethnicity and
gender. Finally, exploratory analyses found that female
applicants were rated as more qualified than male
applicants. Presenting a more diverse workforce does not
guarantee more minority applicants, and organizations
seeking to recruit minority applicants may need stronger
displays of commitments to diversity.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41562-023-01731-5},
Key = {fds373935}
}
@article{fds362209,
Author = {Bartmann, N and Rayburn-Reeves, R and Lindemans, J and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Does Real Age Feedback Really Motivate Us to Change our
Lifestyle? Results from an Online Experiment.},
Journal = {Health communication},
Volume = {38},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1744-1753},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2030078},
Abstract = {We set out to research the causal impact of Real Age
feedback, a popular tool on health and lifestyle platforms,
on health behaviors. We ran an online experiment where
participants were randomly assigned a Real Age that differed
in both direction (older or younger) and magnitude (much or
slightly) from their passport age, or to a control condition
where they received no Real Age feedback. We measured the
impact of Real Age feedback on motivation to begin a
healthier lifestyle, interest in taking a Real Age test, and
percentage click-rate on an optional health link. We found
that younger Real Age feedback was associated with higher
interest. In addition, participants who received a slightly
older Real Age were significantly less motivated to begin a
healthier lifestyle compared to not only those who received
a much younger or much older Real Age, but also to those in
the control condition, suggesting a backfire effect. This
effect remained even after accounting for participant
health, demographics, and other psychological correlates to
motivation. Real Age tests may backfire and demotivate
people, and the positive effects they may have on
psychological states may not outweigh the negative effects.
Though promising, we caution using Real Age tests in their
current form as stand-alone interventions to get people
motivated.},
Doi = {10.1080/10410236.2022.2030078},
Key = {fds362209}
}
@article{fds373690,
Author = {Elman, I and Ariely, D and Tsoy-Podosenin, M and Verbitskaya, E and Wahlgren, V and Wang, AL and Zvartau, E and Borsook, D and Krupitsky,
E},
Title = {Contextual processing and its alterations in patients with
addictive disorders},
Journal = {Addiction Neuroscience},
Volume = {7},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100100},
Abstract = {Contextual processing is implicated in the pathophysiology
of addictive disorders, but the nature of putative
deficiencies remains unclear. We assessed some aspects of
contextual processing across multimodal experimental
procedures with detoxified subjects who were dependent on
opioids (n = 18), alcohol- (n = 20), both opioids and
alcohol (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 24) using a)
facial- and b) emotionally laden images; c) gambling task
and d) sucrose solutions. Healthy subjects displayed
consistent response pattern throughout all categories of the
presented stimuli. As a group, dependent subjects rated
(i.e., valuated) attractive and average faces respectively
more and less attractive in comparison to controls.
Dependent subjects' motivational effort, measured in the
units of computer keypress to determine the attractive
faces' viewing time, accorded the valuational context but
was diminished relatively to the average faces’ valuation.
Dependent subjects’ motivational effort for pleasant and
aversive images respectively mirrored the attractive and
average faces; their neutral images’ motivational effort
was incongruent with the valuational context framed by the
intermixed images. Also, dependent subjects’ emotional
responses to counterfactual comparisons of gambling outcomes
were unmatched by the riskiness context. Moreover, dependent
subjects failed to show greater liking of sweet solutions
that normally accompanies low sweetness perceptual context
indicative of higher sucrose concentration needed for
maximal hedonic experience. Consistent differences among the
dependent groups (opioid vs. alcohol vs. comorbid) on the
above procedures were not observed. The present findings
suggest that opioid and/or alcohol dependence may be
associated with amplified hedonic and motivational valuation
of pleasant stimuli and with a disrupted link between
behavioral/emotional responsivity and contextual variations.
Further research is warranted to unravel the distinctive
features of contextual processing in opioid- vis-à-vis
alcohol addiction and how these features may interrelate in
comorbid conditions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100100},
Key = {fds373690}
}
@article{fds368984,
Author = {Dyer, RL and Pizarro, DA and Ariely, D},
Title = {THEY HAD IT COMING: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
PERPETRATOR-BLAME AND VICTIM-BLAME},
Journal = {Social Cognition},
Volume = {40},
Number = {6},
Pages = {503-527},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.6.503},
Abstract = {Though the study of blame is far from new, little to no
research has systematically investigated how
perpetrator-blame and victim-blame influence one another.
The current series of studies used correlational (Study 1),
experimental (Studies 2 and 3), and mediational (Studies 3A
and 3B) designs to address this issue. Results indicated
that when it comes to perpetrators and victims, blame is
zero-sum. Across a diverse set of crimes of varying
severity, the more that a victim is seen as playing a causal
role in a crime, the less blame is assigned to the
perpetrator. In addition, when victim-culpability is
experimentally manipulated, having a more causally
responsible victim actually mitigates blame for the
perpetrator, and this discounting of perpetrator-blame
occurs because the victim is seen as more deserving of what
happened. Results are discussed in terms of real-world
implications.},
Doi = {10.1521/soco.2022.40.6.503},
Key = {fds368984}
}
@article{fds371541,
Author = {Rao, VN and Kaltenbach, LA and Granger, BB and Fonarow, GC and Al-Khalidi, HR and Albert, NM and Butler, J and Allen, LA and Lanfear,
DE and Ariely, D and Miller, JM and Brodsky, MA and Lalonde, TA and Lafferty, JC and Granger, CB and Hernandez, AF and Devore, AD and Durham, North Carolina and Los Angeles and California and Cleveland,
Ohio and Jackson, Misssissippi and Aurora, Colorado and Detroit,
Michigan and Ewa Beach and Hawaii and Staten Island and New
York},
Title = {The Association of Digital Health Application Use With Heart
Failure Care and Outcomes: Insights From
CONNECT-HF.},
Journal = {J Card Fail},
Volume = {28},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1487-1496},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.07.050},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether digital applications can
improve guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and
outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Care Optimization Through
Patient and Hospital Engagement Clinical Trial for Heart
Failure trial (CONNECT-HF) included an optional, prospective
ancillary study of a mobile health application among
patients hospitalized due to HFrEF. Digital users were
matched to nonusers from the usual-care group. Coprimary
outcomes included change in opportunity-based composite HF
quality scores and HF rehospitalization or all-cause
mortality. Among 2431 patients offered digital applications
across the United States, 1526 (63%) had limited digital
access or insufficient data, 425 (17%) were digital users,
and 480 (20%) declined use. Digital users were similar in
age to those who declined use (mean 58 vs 60 years;
P = 0.031). Digital users (n = 368) vs matched
nonusers (n = 368) had improved composite HF quality
scores (48.0% vs 43.6%; + 4.76% [3.27-6.24];
P = 0.001) and composite clinical outcomes (33.0% vs
39.6%; HR 0.76 [0.59-0.97]; P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS:
Among participants in the CONNECT-HF trial, use of digital
applications was modest but was associated with higher HF
quality-of-care scores, including use of GDMT and better
clinical outcomes. Although cause and effect cannot be
determined from this study, the application of technology to
guide GDMT use and dosing among patients with HFrEF warrants
further investigation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.07.050},
Key = {fds371541}
}
@article{fds362100,
Author = {Tsolmon, U and Ariely, D},
Title = {Health insurance benefits as a labor market friction:
Evidence from a quasi-experiment},
Journal = {Strategic Management Journal},
Volume = {43},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1556-1574},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.3378},
Abstract = {Research Summary: This study examines the propensity of
small firms to provide health insurance in response to high
state-level unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, given that
generous UI benefits reduce labor market frictions that
constrain employee mobility. We exploit a unique data set of
over 15,000 small private firms in the United States and
find that when state UI benefits are high, firms will offer
their employees health insurance benefits—especially when
those firms rely on human capital that is difficult to
replace. We find positive effects of health insurance policy
on worker retention, worker productivity, and firm
performance. We discuss the implications of our findings to
the theory development on the relationship between exogenous
labor market frictions and firms' responses to those
frictions. Managerial Summary: This study examines whether
small firms that offer health insurance to their employees
have better performance outcomes. Even though health
insurance is a costly investment for small firms, there has
been scant strategy- and evidence-based guidance for
managers regarding the conditions that can render
investments in employee health ultimately worthwhile. The
study analyzes data from 15,000 small firms in the United
States and finds that offering health insurance when
retaining and replacing workers by firms is more difficult.
Firms that offer health insurance also have better worker
retention, productivity, and profitability compared to firms
that do not offer health insurance. The results suggest that
investments in employee health and well-being may provide a
competitive edge to firms, especially when labor market
competition for workers is high.},
Doi = {10.1002/smj.3378},
Key = {fds362100}
}
@article{fds364288,
Author = {Mitkidis, P and Lindeløv, JK and Elbaek, CT and Porubanova, M and Grzymala-Moszczynska, J and Ariely, D},
Title = {Morality in the time of cognitive famine: The effects of
memory load on cooperation and honesty.},
Journal = {Acta psychologica},
Volume = {228},
Pages = {103664},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103664},
Abstract = {Though human social interaction in general seems effortless
at times, successful engagement in collaborative or
exploitative social interaction requires the availability of
cognitive resources. Research on Dual-Process suggests that
two systems, the affective (non-reflective) and the
cognitive (reflective), are responsible for different types
of reasoning. Nevertheless, the evidence on which system
leads to what type of behavioral outcome, in terms of
prosociality, is at best contradicting and perplexing. In
the present paper, we examined the role of the two systems,
operationalized as working memory depletion, in prosocial
decision-making. We hypothesize that the nature of the
available cognitive resources could affect whether humans
engage in collaborative or exploitative social interaction.
Using Operation Span to manipulate the availability of
working memory, we examined how taxing the cognitive system
affects cooperation and cheating. In two experiments, we
provide evidence that concurrent load, but not cumulative
load is detrimental to cooperation, whereas neither
concurrent nor cumulative load seems to affect cheating
behavior. These findings are in contrast to several previous
assumptions. We discuss limitations, possible explanations,
and future directions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103664},
Key = {fds364288}
}
@article{fds362130,
Author = {Whitley, SC and Garcia-Rada, X and Bardhi, F and Ariely, D and Morewedge, CK},
Title = {Relational Spending in Funerals: Caring for Others Loved and
Lost},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {211-231},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1240},
Abstract = {Funeral rituals perform important social functions for
families and communities, but little is known about the
motives of people planning funerals. Using mixed methods, we
examine funeral planning as end-of-life relational spending.
We identify how relational motives drive and manifest in
funeral planning, even when the primary recipient of goods
and services is dead. Qualitative interviews with consumers
who had planned pre-COVID funerals (N = 15) reveal a caring
orientation drives funeral decision-making for loved ones
and for self-planned funerals. Caring practices manifest in
three forms: (a) balancing preferences between the planner,
deceased, and surviving family; (b) making personal
sacrifices; and (c) spending amount (Study 1). Archival
funeral contract data (N = 385) reveal supporting
quantitative evidence of caring-driven funeral spending.
Planners spend more on funerals for others and underspend on
their own funerals (Study 2). Preregistered experiments (N =
1,906) addressing selection bias replicate these results and
find generalization across different funding sources
(planner-funded, other-funded, and insurance; Studies
3A–3C). The findings elucidate a ubiquitous, emotional,
and financially consequential decision process at the end of
life.},
Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1240},
Key = {fds362130}
}
@article{fds362208,
Author = {Zimmerman, F and Garbulsky, G and Ariely, D and Sigman, M and Navajas,
J},
Title = {Political coherence and certainty as drivers of
interpersonal liking over and above similarity.},
Journal = {Science advances},
Volume = {8},
Number = {6},
Pages = {eabk1909},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abk1909},
Abstract = {Affective polarization and political segregation have become
a serious threat to democratic societies. One standard
explanation for these phenomena is that people like and
prefer interacting with similar others. However, similarity
may not be the only driver of interpersonal liking in the
political domain, and other factors, yet to be uncovered,
could play an important role. Here, we hypothesized that
beyond the effect of similarity, people show greater
preference for individuals with politically coherent and
confident opinions. To test this idea, we performed two
behavioral studies consisting of one-shot face-to-face
pairwise interactions. We found that people with ambiguous
or ambivalent views were nonreciprocally attracted to
confident and coherent ingroups. A third experimental study
confirmed that politically coherent and confident profiles
are rated as more attractive than targets with ambiguous or
ambivalent opinions. Overall, these findings unfold the key
drivers of the affability between people who discuss
politics.},
Doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abk1909},
Key = {fds362208}
}
@article{fds359789,
Author = {Macchia, L and Ariely, D},
Title = {Eliciting preferences for redistribution across domains: A
study on wealth, education, and health},
Journal = {Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1141-1166},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asap.12279},
Abstract = {People's preferences for redistribution are a key component
of redistributive policy design, yet how to elicit these
preferences is still a matter of debate. We recruited a
nationally representative sample of more than 5000 US
respondents. We used an approach based on principles of
justice to elicit people's preferences for redistribution
across different domains. We compared people's preferences
for the distribution of wealth, good educational resources,
and good health status. We found that people have different
preferences across domains: they accept higher inequality in
wealth whereas they prefer more equal distributions in
education and health. These preferences are consistent
across different demographic groups. We discuss policymaking
implications: when designing redistributive policies,
policymakers should take this approach into account to
trigger more favorable reactions to such
policies.},
Doi = {10.1111/asap.12279},
Key = {fds359789}
}
@article{fds359788,
Author = {Navajas, J and Heduan, FÁ and Garbulsky, G and Tagliazucchi, E and Ariely, D and Sigman, M},
Title = {Moral responses to the COVID-19 crisis.},
Journal = {Royal Society open science},
Volume = {8},
Number = {9},
Pages = {210096},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210096},
Abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has raised complex moral dilemmas that
have been the subject of extensive public debate. Here, we
study how people judge a set of controversial actions
related to the crisis: relaxing data privacy standards to
allow public control of the pandemic, forbidding public
gatherings, denouncing a friend who violated COVID-19
protocols, prioritizing younger over older patients when
medical resources are scarce, and reducing animal rights to
accelerate vaccine development. We collected acceptability
judgements in an initial large-scale study with participants
from 10 Latin American countries (<i>N</i> = 15 420). A
formal analysis of the intrinsic correlations between
responses to different dilemmas revealed that judgements
were organized in two dimensions: one that reflects a focus
on human life expectancy and one that cares about the health
of all sentient lives in an equitable manner. These
stereotyped patterns of responses were stronger in people
who endorsed utilitarian decisions in a standardized scale.
A second pre-registered study performed in the USA (<i>N</i>
= 1300) confirmed the replicability of these findings.
Finally, we show how the prioritization of public health
correlated with several contextual, personality and
demographic factors. Overall, this research sheds light on
the relationship between utilitarian decision-making and
moral responses to the COVID-19 crisis.},
Doi = {10.1098/rsos.210096},
Key = {fds359788}
}
@article{fds358302,
Author = {Bauer, PJ and Ariely, D},
Title = {Expression of Concern: Effort for Payment: A Tale of Two
Markets.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {32},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1338-1339},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09567976211035782},
Doi = {10.1177/09567976211035782},
Key = {fds358302}
}
@article{fds358301,
Author = {DeVore, AD and Granger, BB and Fonarow, GC and Al-Khalidi, HR and Albert, NM and Lewis, EF and Butler, J and Piña, IL and Allen, LA and Yancy, CW and Cooper, LB and Felker, GM and Kaltenbach, LA and McRae,
AT and Lanfear, DE and Harrison, RW and Disch, M and Ariely, D and Miller,
JM and Granger, CB and Hernandez, AF},
Title = {Effect of a Hospital and Postdischarge Quality Improvement
Intervention on Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Care for
Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction:
The CONNECT-HF Randomized Clinical Trial.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {326},
Number = {4},
Pages = {314-323},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.8844},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Adoption of guideline-directed medical therapy
for patients with heart failure is variable. Interventions
to improve guideline-directed medical therapy have failed to
consistently achieve target metrics, and limited data exist
to inform efforts to improve heart failure quality of care.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a hospital and
postdischarge quality improvement intervention compared with
usual care on heart failure outcomes and care. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cluster randomized clinical
trial was conducted at 161 US hospitals and included 5647
patients (2675 intervention vs 2972 usual care) followed up
after a hospital discharge for acute heart failure with
reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The trial was performed
from 2017 to 2020, and the date of final follow-up was
August 31, 2020. INTERVENTIONS: Hospitals (n = 82)
randomized to a hospital and postdischarge quality
improvement intervention received regular education of
clinicians by a trained group of heart failure and quality
improvement experts and audit and feedback on heart failure
process measures (eg, use of guideline-directed medical
therapy for HFrEF) and outcomes. Hospitals (n = 79)
randomized to usual care received access to a generalized
heart failure education website. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
The coprimary outcomes were a composite of first heart
failure rehospitalization or all-cause mortality and change
in an opportunity-based composite score for heart failure
quality (percentage of recommendations followed). RESULTS:
Among 5647 patients (mean age, 63 years; 33% women; 38%
Black; 87% chronic heart failure; 49% recent heart failure
hospitalization), vital status was known for 5636 (99.8%).
Heart failure rehospitalization or all-cause mortality
occurred in 38.6% in the intervention group vs 39.2% in
usual care (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.81 to
1.05). The baseline quality-of-care score was 42.1% vs
45.5%, respectively, and the change from baseline to
follow-up was 2.3% vs -1.0% (difference, 3.3% [95% CI, -0.8%
to 7.3%]), with no significant difference between the 2
groups in the odds of achieving a higher composite quality
score at last follow-up (adjusted odds ratio, 1.06 [95% CI,
0.93 to 1.21]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among patients
with HFrEF in hospitals randomized to a hospital and
postdischarge quality improvement intervention vs usual
care, there was no significant difference in time to first
heart failure rehospitalization or death, or in change in a
composite heart failure quality-of-care score. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT03035474.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2021.8844},
Key = {fds358301}
}
@article{fds356470,
Author = {Hochman, G and Peleg, D and Ariely, D and Ayal, S},
Title = {Robin Hood meets Pinocchio: Justifications increase cheating
behavior but decrease physiological tension},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics},
Volume = {92},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2021.101699},
Abstract = {We investigated whether altruistic justification increases
cheating behavior while suppressing its associated
physiological arousal. In the first study (n = 60),
participants strategically employed altruistic
considerations to justify their dishonesty and promote their
personal goals. In the second study (n = 110), participants
who worked to benefit others (compared to participants who
worked to benefit themselves) cheated more and were less
likely to be detected by a lie detector test. In addition,
among participants who worked to benefit others, more honest
participants experienced higher psychological distress than
dishonest participants. These findings suggest that
physiological arousal may be a good indicator of
self-interest cheating, but not justified
one.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socec.2021.101699},
Key = {fds356470}
}
@article{fds356471,
Author = {Doraiswamy, PM and Chilukuri, MM and Ariely, D and Linares,
AR},
Title = {Physician Perceptions of Catching COVID-19: Insights from a
Global Survey.},
Journal = {J Gen Intern Med},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1832-1834},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-06724-6},
Doi = {10.1007/s11606-021-06724-6},
Key = {fds356471}
}
@article{fds357330,
Author = {Shah, M and Ferguson, A and Corn, PD and Varadhan, R and Ariely, D and Stearns, V and Smith, BD and Smith, TJ and Corn, BW},
Title = {Developing Workshops to Enhance Hope Among Patients With
Metastatic Breast Cancer and Oncologists: A Pilot
Study.},
Journal = {JCO oncology practice},
Volume = {17},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e785-e793},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.20.00744},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>Hope is a modifiable entity that can be
augmented. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and
efficacy of a short intervention to increase hopefulness in
patients with advanced breast cancer and
oncologists.<h4>Methods</h4>We enrolled eligible
participants to two cohorts: one for patients with
metastatic breast cancer and one for medical, radiation, or
surgical oncologists. The intervention, a half-day hope
enhancement workshop, included groups of 10-15 participants
within each cohort. Participants in both cohorts completed
preworkshop, postworkshop, and 3-month evaluations, which
included the Adult Hope Scale (AHS), Herth Hope Index (HHI),
and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information
System-Global Health (PROMIS-GH) measures in patients, and
the AHS, HHI, and a burnout self-assessment tool in
physicians.<h4>Results</h4>We consented 13 patients and 26
oncologists for participation in the workshop and 76.9% (n =
10) of consented patients and 100% (n = 26) of consented
physicians participated. Postworkshop, all participants
planned to incorporate what they learned into their daily
lives. In patients, AHS scores increased from preworkshop to
postworkshop, and the mean change of 5.90 was significant
(range 0-15, SD: 4.7, <i>t</i> = 3.99, <i>P</i> = .0032).
HHI scores also increased, although the mean change was not
significant. AHS and HHI scores did not significantly change
in oncologists from preworkshop to postworkshop. At 3
months, less than half of the participants responded to the
evaluation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We found that conducting a
hope-enhancement workshop for patients with metastatic
breast cancer and oncologists was feasible, generally
acceptable to both populations, and associated with
increased hopefulness in patients. Next steps should focus
on confirming this effect in a randomized study and
maintaining this effect in the postworkshop
interval.},
Doi = {10.1200/op.20.00744},
Key = {fds357330}
}
@article{fds351404,
Author = {Spiller, SA and Ariely, D},
Title = {How does the perceived value of a medium of exchange depend
on its set of possible uses?},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {161},
Pages = {188-200},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.07.005},
Abstract = {The normative value of a medium of exchange is derived from
the best consumption that it permits. Adding potential uses
can increase the normative value of a medium of exchange but
not decrease it. In two large preregistered experiments
(total N = 2205), including one with incentive-compatible
measures, we find that the perceived value of a medium of
exchange systematically lies below this normative benchmark,
such that adding a less-attractive set of potential uses
decreases a medium of exchange's perceived value. Moreover,
the extent of undervaluation depends on the difference in
value between the potential uses, and there is no evidence
of undervaluation when preferences among potential uses are
articulated in advance. More generally, these findings
reveal that the perceived value of a medium of exchange
depends not only on the expected value of the best
alternative but also on the set of alternatives.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.07.005},
Key = {fds351404}
}
@article{fds349879,
Author = {Miranda, JJ and Taype-Rondan, A and Bazalar-Palacios, J and Bernabe-Ortiz, A and Ariely, D},
Title = {The Effect of a Priest-Led Intervention on the Choice and
Preference of Soda Beverages: A Cluster-Randomized
Controlled Trial in Catholic Parishes.},
Journal = {Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society
of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {54},
Number = {6},
Pages = {436-446},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaz060},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Latin America ranks among the regions
with the highest level of intake of sugary beverages in the
world. Innovative strategies to reduce the consumption of
sugary drinks are necessary.<h4>Purpose</h4>Evaluate the
effect of a one-off priest-led intervention on the choice
and preference of soda beverages.<h4>Methods</h4>We
conducted a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in Catholic
parishes, paired by number of attendees, in Chimbote, Peru
between March and June of 2017. The priest-led intervention,
a short message about the importance of protecting one's
health, was delivered during the mass. The primary outcome
was the proportion of individuals that choose a bottle of
soda instead of a bottle of water immediately after the
service. Cluster-level estimates were used to compare
primary and secondary outcomes between intervention and
control groups utilizing nonparametric tests.<h4>Results</h4>Six
parishes were allocated to control and six to the
intervention group. The proportion of soda selection at
baseline was ~60% in the intervention and control groups,
and ranged from 56.3% to 63.8% in Week 1, and from 62.7% to
68.2% in Week 3. The proportion of mass attendees choosing
water over soda was better in the priest-led intervention
group: 8.2% higher at Week 1 (95% confidence interval
1.7%-14.6%, p = .03), and 6.2% higher at 3 weeks after
baseline (p = .15).<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study supports
the proof-of-concept that a brief priest-led intervention
can decrease sugary drink choice.<h4>Clinical trial
information</h4>ISRCTN, ISRCTN24676734. Registered 25 April
2017, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN24676734.},
Doi = {10.1093/abm/kaz060},
Key = {fds349879}
}
@article{fds349131,
Author = {Kristal, AS and Whillans, AV and Bazerman, MH and Gino, F and Shu, LL and Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {Signing at the beginning versus at the end does not decrease
dishonesty.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {117},
Number = {13},
Pages = {7103-7107},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1911695117},
Abstract = {Honest reporting is essential for society to function well.
However, people frequently lie when asked to provide
information, such as misrepresenting their income to save
money on taxes. A landmark finding published in PNAS [L. L.
Shu, N. Mazar, F. Gino, D. Ariely, M. H. Bazerman, <i>Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</i> 109, 15197-15200 (2012)]
provided evidence for a simple way of encouraging honest
reporting: asking people to sign a veracity statement at the
beginning instead of at the end of a self-report form. Since
this finding was published, various government agencies have
adopted this practice. However, in this project, we failed
to replicate this result. Across five conceptual
replications (<i>n</i> = 4,559) and one highly powered,
preregistered, direct replication (<i>n</i> = 1,235)
conducted with the authors of the original paper, we
observed no effect of signing first on honest reporting.
Given the policy applications of this result, it is
important to update the scientific record regarding the
veracity of these results.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1911695117},
Key = {fds349131}
}
@article{fds347137,
Author = {DeVore, AD and Granger, BB and Fonarow, GC and Al-Khalidi, HR and Albert, NM and Lewis, EF and Butler, J and Piña, IL and Heidenreich,
PA and Allen, LA and Yancy, CW and Cooper, LB and Felker, GM and Kaltenbach, LA and McRae, AT and Lanfear, DE and Harrison, RW and Kociol, RD and Disch, M and Ariely, D and Miller, JM and Granger, CB and Hernandez, AF},
Title = {Care Optimization Through Patient and Hospital Engagement
Clinical Trial for Heart Failure: Rationale and design of
CONNECT-HF.},
Journal = {Am Heart J},
Volume = {220},
Pages = {41-50},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012},
Abstract = {Many therapies have been shown to improve outcomes for
patients with heart failure (HF) in controlled settings, but
there are limited data available to inform best practices
for hospital and post-discharge quality improvement
initiatives. The CONNECT-HF study is a prospective,
cluster-randomized trial of 161 hospitals in the United
States with a 2×2 factorial design. The study is designed
to assess the effect of a hospital and post-discharge
quality improvement intervention compared with usual care
(primary objective) on HF outcomes and quality-of-care, as
well as to evaluate the effect of hospitals implementing a
patient-level digital intervention compared with usual care
(secondary objective). The hospital and post-discharge
intervention includes audit and feedback on HF clinical
process measures and outcomes for patients with HF with
reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) paired with education to
sites and clinicians by a trained, nationally representative
group of HF and quality improvement experts. The
patient-level digital intervention is an optional ancillary
study and includes a mobile application and behavioral tools
that are intended to facilitate improved use of
guideline-directed recommendations for self-monitoring and
self-management of activity and medications for HFrEF. The
effects of the interventions will be measured through an
opportunity-based composite score on quality and
time-to-first HF readmission or death among patients with
HFrEF who present to study hospitals with acute HF and who
consent to participate. The CONNECT-HF study is evaluating
approaches for implementing HF guideline recommendations
into practice and is one of the largest HF implementation
science trials performed to date.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012},
Key = {fds347137}
}
@article{fds350540,
Author = {Berliner Senderey and A and Kornitzer, T and Lawrence, G and Zysman, H and Hallak, Y and Ariely, D and Balicer, R},
Title = {It's how you say it: Systematic A/B testing of digital
messaging cut hospital no-show rates.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e0234817},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234817},
Abstract = {Failure to attend hospital appointments has a detrimental
impact on care quality. Documented efforts to address this
challenge have only modestly decreased no-show rates.
Behavioral economics theory has suggested that more
effective messages may lead to increased responsiveness. In
complex, real-world settings, it has proven difficult to
predict the optimal message composition. In this study, we
aimed to systematically compare the effects of several
pre-appointment message formats on no-show rates. We
randomly assigned members from Clalit Health Services (CHS),
the largest payer-provider healthcare organization in
Israel, who had scheduled outpatient clinic appointments in
14 CHS hospitals, to one of nine groups. Each individual
received a pre-appointment SMS text reminder five days
before the appointment, which differed by group. No-show and
advanced cancellation rates were compared between the eight
alternative messages, with the previously used generic
message serving as the control. There were 161,587 CHS
members who received pre-appointment reminder messages who
were included in this study. Five message frames
significantly differed from the control group. Members who
received a reminder designed to evoke emotional guilt had a
no-show rates of 14.2%, compared with 21.1% in the control
group (odds ratio [OR]: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]:
0.67, 0.76), and an advanced cancellation rate of 26.3%
compared with 17.2% in the control group (OR: 1.2, 95% CI:
1.19, 1.21). Four additional reminder formats demonstrated
significantly improved impact on no-show rates, compared to
the control, though not as effective as the best performing
message format. Carefully selecting the narrative of
pre-appointment SMS reminders can lead to a marked decrease
in no-show rates. The process of a/b testing, selecting, and
adopting optimal messages is a practical example of
implementing the learning healthcare system paradigm, which
could prevent up to one-third of the 352,000 annually
unattended appointments in Israel.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0234817},
Key = {fds350540}
}
@article{fds351486,
Author = {Nichols, AD and Lang, M and Kavanagh, C and Kundt, R and Yamada, J and Ariely, D and Mitkidis, P},
Title = {Replicating and extending the effects of auditory religious
cues on dishonest behavior.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {15},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e0237007},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237007},
Abstract = {Although scientists agree that replications are critical to
the debate on the validity of religious priming research,
religious priming replications are scarce. This paper
attempts to replicate and extend previously observed effects
of religious priming on ethical behavior. We test the effect
of religious instrumental music on individuals' ethical
behavior with university participants (N = 408) in the Czech
Republic, Japan, and the US. Participants were randomly
assigned to listen to one of three musical tracks
(religious, secular, or white noise) or to no music
(control) for the duration of a decision-making game.
Participants were asked to indicate which side of a
vertically-bisected computer screen contained more dots and,
in every trial, indicating that the right side of the screen
had more dots earned participants the most money
(irrespective of the number of dots). Therefore,
participants were able to report dishonestly to earn more
money. In agreement with previous research, we did not
observe any main effects of condition. However, we were
unable to replicate a moderating effect of self-reported
religiosity on the effects of religious music on ethical
behavior. Nevertheless, further analyses revealed moderating
effects for ritual participation and declared religious
affiliation congruent with the musical prime. That is,
participants affiliated with a religious organization and
taking part in rituals cheated significantly less than their
peers when listening to religious music. We also observed
significant differences in cheating behavior across samples.
On average, US participants cheated the most and Czech
participants cheated the least. We conclude that normative
conduct is, in part, learned through active membership in
religious communities and our findings provide further
support for religious music as a subtle, moral
cue.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0237007},
Key = {fds351486}
}
@article{fds347136,
Author = {Navajas, J and Álvarez Heduan, F and Garrido, JM and Gonzalez, PA and Garbulsky, G and Ariely, D and Sigman, M},
Title = {Reaching Consensus in Polarized Moral Debates.},
Journal = {Current biology : CB},
Volume = {29},
Number = {23},
Pages = {4124-4129.e6},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.018},
Abstract = {The group polarization phenomenon is a widespread human bias
with no apparent geographical or cultural boundaries [1].
Although the conditions that breed extremism have been
extensively studied [2-5], comparably little research has
examined how to depolarize attitudes in people who already
embrace extreme beliefs. Previous studies have shown that
deliberating groups may shift toward more moderate opinions
[6], but why deliberation is sometimes effective although
other times it fails at eliciting consensus remains largely
unknown. To investigate this, we performed a large-scale
behavioral experiment with live crowds from two countries.
Participants (N = 3,288 in study 1 and N = 582 in study 2)
were presented with a set of moral scenarios and asked to
judge the acceptability of a controversial action. Then they
organized in groups of three and discussed their opinions to
see whether they agreed on common values of acceptability.
We found that groups succeeding at reaching consensus
frequently had extreme participants with low confidence and
a participant with a moderate view but high confidence.
Quantitative analyses showed that these "confident grays"
exerted the greatest weight on group judgements and suggest
that consensus was driven by a mediation process [7, 8].
Overall, these findings shed light on the elements that
allow human groups to resolve moral disagreement.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.018},
Key = {fds347136}
}
@article{fds345454,
Author = {Fitz, N and Kushlev, K and Jagannathan, R and Lewis, T and Paliwal, D and Ariely, D},
Title = {Batching smartphone notifications can improve
well-being},
Journal = {Computers in Human Behavior},
Volume = {101},
Pages = {84-94},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.016},
Abstract = {Every day, billions of us receive smartphone notifications.
Designed to distract, these interruptions capture and
monetize our time and attention. Though smartphones are
incredibly helpful, their current notification systems
impose underappreciated, yet considerable, mental costs;
like a slot machine, they exploit our inherent psychological
bias for variable rewards. With an app that we developed, we
conducted a randomized field experiment (n = 237) to test
whether batching notifications—delivering notifications in
predictable intervals throughout the day—could improve
psychological well-being. Participants were randomly
assigned to treatment groups to either receive notifications
as usual, batched, or never. Using daily diary surveys, we
measured a range of psychological and health outcomes, and
through our app system, we collected data on phone use
behaviors. Compared to those in the control condition,
participants whose notifications were batched
three-times-a-day felt more attentive, productive, in a
better mood, and in greater control of their phones.
Participants in the batched group also reported lower
stress, lower productivity, and fewer phone interruptions.
In contrast, participants who did not receive notifications
at all reaped few of those benefits, but experienced higher
levels of anxiety and “fear of missing out” (FoMO). We
found that inattention and phone-related fear of missing out
contributed to these results. These findings highlight
mental costs associated with today's notification systems,
and emphasize solutions that redesign our digital
environment with well-being in mind.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.016},
Key = {fds345454}
}
@article{fds362131,
Author = {Hochman, G and Peleg, D and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {The lie deflator – The effect of polygraph test feedback
on subsequent (Dis)honesty},
Journal = {Judgment and Decision Making},
Volume = {14},
Number = {6},
Pages = {728-738},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Despite its controversial status, the lie detection test is
still a popular organizational instrument for credibility
assessment. Due to its popularity, we examined the effect of
the lie-detection test feedback on subsequent moral
behavior. In three studies, participants could cheat to
increase their monetary payoff in two consecutive phases.
Between these two phases the participants underwent amock
polygraph test and were randomly given Deception Indicated
(DI) or No Deception Indicated (NDI) assigned feedback.
Then, participants engaged in the second phase of the task
and their level of dishonesty was measured. Study 1 showed
that both NDI and DI feedback (but not the control) reduced
cheating behavior on the subsequent task. However, Study 2
showed that the mere presence of the lie-detection test
(without feedback) did not produce the same effect. When the
role of the lie detector as a moral reminder was cancelled
out in Study 3, feedback had no effect on the magnitude of
cheating behavior. However, cheaters who were given NDI
feedback exhibited a lower level of physiological arousal
than cheaters who were given DI feedback. These results
suggest that lie detection tests can be used to promote
honesty in the field, and that, while feedback type does not
affect the magnitude of cheating, NDI may allow people to
feel better about cheating.},
Key = {fds362131}
}
@article{fds346575,
Author = {Berman, CJ and O'Brien, JD and Zenko, Z and Ariely,
D},
Title = {The Limits of Cognitive Reappraisal: Changing Pain Valence,
but not Persistence, during a Resistance Exercise
Task.},
Journal = {International journal of environmental research and public
health},
Volume = {16},
Number = {19},
Pages = {E3739},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193739},
Abstract = {Physiological discomfort is commonly cited as a barrier for
initiating and persisting with exercise. Although
individuals may think of physiological discomfort as
determined by physical sensations, it can also be influenced
by cognitive and emotional factors. We explored the impacts
of interpreting the purpose of pain as a sign of muscle
building (helpful) vs. a sign of muscle tearing and possible
injury (harmful) and tested the effect of cognitive
reappraisals, or shifting interpretations of pain, on
exercise persistence and the subjective experience of
discomfort during exercise. Seventy-eight participants were
randomized to listen to voice recordings that framed
exercise-related pain as helpful vs. harmful before
participating in a standard muscular endurance test using
the YMCA protocol. Although the two experimental groups did
not differ in the overall number of resistance training
repetitions achieved, participants who were asked to think
about the benefits (rather than the negative consequences)
of pain reported less negative pain valence during exercise.
Thus, the experience of pain was influenced by appraisals of
the meaning of pain, but differences in pain valence did not
impact exercise persistence. Theoretical implications and
applications for affect-based exercise interventions are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph16193739},
Key = {fds346575}
}
@article{fds342496,
Author = {Ariely, D and Garcia-Rada, X and Gödker, K and Hornuf, L and Mann,
H},
Title = {The impact of two different economic systems on
dishonesty},
Journal = {European Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {179-195},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2019.02.010},
Abstract = {Using an artefactual field experiment, this paper tests the
long-term implications of living in a specific economic
system on individual dishonesty. By comparing cheating
behaviour across individuals from the former socialist East
of Germany with those of the capitalist West of Germany, we
examine behavioural differences within a single country. We
find long-term implications of living in a specific economic
system for individual dishonesty when social interactions
are possible: participants with an East German background
cheated significantly more on an abstract die-rolling task
than those with a West German background, but only when
exposed to the enduring system of former West Germany.
Moreover, our results indicate that the longer individuals
had experienced socialist East Germany, the more likely they
were to cheat on the behavioural task.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2019.02.010},
Key = {fds342496}
}
@article{fds346416,
Author = {Frank, D-A and Chrysochou, P and Mitkidis, P and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Human decision-making biases in the moral dilemmas of
autonomous vehicles.},
Journal = {Scientific reports},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {13080},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49411-7},
Abstract = {The development of artificial intelligence has led
researchers to study the ethical principles that should
guide machine behavior. The challenge in building machine
morality based on people's moral decisions, however, is
accounting for the biases in human moral decision-making. In
seven studies, this paper investigates how people's personal
perspectives and decision-making modes affect their
decisions in the moral dilemmas faced by autonomous
vehicles. Moreover, it determines the variations in people's
moral decisions that can be attributed to the situational
factors of the dilemmas. The reported studies demonstrate
that people's moral decisions, regardless of the presented
dilemma, are biased by their decision-making mode and
personal perspective. Under intuitive moral decisions,
participants shift more towards a deontological doctrine by
sacrificing the passenger instead of the pedestrian. In
addition, once the personal perspective is made salient
participants preserve the lives of that perspective, i.e.
the passenger shifts towards sacrificing the pedestrian, and
vice versa. These biases in people's moral decisions
underline the social challenge in the design of a universal
moral code for autonomous vehicles. We discuss the
implications of our findings and provide directions for
future research.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-49411-7},
Key = {fds346416}
}
@article{fds341346,
Author = {Yang, H and Carmon, Z and Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {The Feeling of Not Knowing It All},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {455-462},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1089},
Abstract = {How do consumers assess their mastery of knowledge they have
learned? We explore this question by investigating a common
knowledge consumption situation: encountering opportunities
for further learning. We argue and show that such
opportunities can trigger a feeling-of-not-knowing-it-all
(FONKIA), which lowers consumers’ confidence in their
mastery of the knowledge they already possess. Specifically,
listing optional follow-up readings at the conclusion of a
course lowered students’ confidence in their mastery of
the course material they had already learned (Study 1).
Encountering an optional learning opportunity increased the
FONKIA, which mediated the decreased confidence (Studies 2
and 3). We also document two moderators consistent with our
conceptualization. First, participants primed with mastery
(vs. instrumental) motivation were more negatively impacted
when they encountered optional learning opportunities.
Second, the more related the optional opportunities were to
the target topic, the lower participants’ confidence in
their mastery of what they had already learned. We conclude
by discussing the implications of these findings, such as
encouraging further learning or harming teaching
evaluations.},
Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1089},
Key = {fds341346}
}
@article{fds342495,
Author = {Akbaş, M and Ariely, D and Yuksel, S},
Title = {When is inequality fair? An experiment on the effect of
procedural justice and agency},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {161},
Pages = {114-127},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.02.014},
Abstract = {We investigate how the perceived fairness of an income
distribution depends on the beliefs about the process that
generates the inequality. Specifically, we examine how two
crucial features of this process affect fairness views: (1)
Procedural justice - equal treatment of all; (2) Agency –
one's ability to determine his/her income. We do this in a
lab experiment by differentially varying subjects’ ability
to influence their earnings. Comparison of ex-post
redistribution decisions of total earnings under different
conditions indicate both agency and procedural justice to
matter for fairness. Highlighting the importance of agency,
we observe lower redistribution of unequal earnings
resulting from risk when risk is chosen freely. Highlighting
the importance of procedural justice, we find introduction
of inequality of opportunity to significantly increase
redistribution. Despite this increase, under inequality of
opportunity, the share of subjects redistributing none
remain close to the share of subjects redistributing fully
revealing an underlying heterogeneity in the population
about how fairness views should account for inequality of
opportunity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2019.02.014},
Key = {fds342495}
}
@article{fds352394,
Author = {Lee, CY and Morewedge, CK and Hochman, G and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Small probabilistic discounts stimulate spending: Pain of
paying in price promotions},
Journal = {Journal of the Association for Consumer Research},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {160-171},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/701901},
Abstract = {We find that small probabilistic price promotions
effectively stimulate demand, even more so than comparable
fixed price promotions (e.g., “1% chance it’s free”
vs. “1% off,” respectively), because they more
effectively reduce the pain of paying. In three field
experiments at a grocer, we exogenously and endogenously
manipulated the salience of pain of paying via elicitation
timing (e.g., at entrance or checkout) and payment method
(i.e., cash/debit cards or credit cards). This modulated the
attractiveness of probabilistic discounts and their ability
to stimulate spending. Shoppers paying with cash or debit
cards, for example, spent 54% more if they received a 1%
probabilistic discount than a 1% fixed discount (experiment
2). A fourth experiment showed that consumers’ sensitivity
to pain of paying modulates the greater comparative efficacy
of small probabilistic than fixed discounts. More broadly,
the results elucidate a novel affective route through which
price promotions stimulate demand-pain of
paying.},
Doi = {10.1086/701901},
Key = {fds352394}
}
@article{fds341526,
Author = {Garcia-Rada, X and Anik, L and Ariely, D},
Title = {Consuming together (versus separately) makes the heart grow
fonder},
Journal = {Marketing Letters},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-43},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11002-019-09479-7},
Abstract = {Across three studies, we investigate how consumers in
romantic relationships make decisions when choosing an item
to share with their partner. We show that consumers will
forgo their preferred alternative for an option that is more
aligned with the preferences of their partner when consuming
the same item together vs. separately. We theorize and show
that when consuming together (vs. separately), consumers’
purchase motivation shifts from being utilitarian (e.g.,
satisfying one’s hunger) to hedonic (e.g., having an
enjoyable evening). Consequently, when consuming together
(vs. separately), consumers weigh more highly their
partner’s affective reactions to the item and overall
experience—leading them to pick a less preferred option in
an effort to please their partner. In sum, we provide a
framework that contributes novel insight into the trade-offs
consumers make between their preferences and the preferences
of others.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11002-019-09479-7},
Key = {fds341526}
}
@article{fds339755,
Author = {Turner, MC and O'Brien, JD and Kahn, RM and Mantyh, CR and Migaly, J and Ariely, D},
Title = {Impact of Disgust on Intentions to Undergo Colorectal
Surgery.},
Journal = {Dis Colon Rectum},
Volume = {61},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1386-1392},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000001254},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Surgeons present patients with complex
information at the perioperative appointment. Emotions
likely play a role in surgical decision-making, and disgust
is an emotion of revulsion at a stimulus that can lead to
avoidance. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to
determine the impact of disgust on intention to undergo
surgical resection for colorectal cancer and recall of
perioperative instructions. DESIGN: This was a
cross-sectional observational study conducted online using
hypothetical scenarios with nonpatient subjects. SETTINGS:
The study was conducted using Amazon's Mechanical Turk.
PATIENTS: Survey respondents were living in the United
States. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Surgery intention and recall
of perioperative instructions were measured. RESULTS: A
total of 319 participants met the inclusion criteria.
Participants in the experimental condition, who were
provided with detailed information and pictures about stoma
care, had significantly lower surgery intentions (mean ±
SD, 4.60 ± 1.15) compared with the control condition
with no stoma prompt (mean ± SD, 5.14 ± 0.91; p =
0.05) and significantly lower recall for preoperative
instructions (mean ± SD, 13.75 ± 2.38) compared with
the control condition (mean ± SD, 14.36 ± 2.19; p =
0.03). Those within the experimental conditions also
reported significantly higher state levels of disgust (mean
± SD, 4.08 ± 1.74) compared with a control condition
(mean ± SD, 2.35 ± 1.38; p < 0.001). State-level
disgust was found to fully mediate the relationship between
condition and recall (b = -0.31) and to partially mediate
the effect of condition on surgery intentions (b = 0.17).
LIMITATIONS: It is unknown whether these results will
replicate with patients and the impact of competing emotions
in clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS: Intentions to undergo
colorectal surgery and recall of preoperative instructions
are diminished in patients who experience disgust when
presented with stoma information. Surgeons and care teams
must account for this as they perform perioperative
counseling to minimize interference with recall of important
perioperative information. See Video Abstract at
http://links.lww.com/DCR/A776.},
Doi = {10.1097/DCR.0000000000001254},
Key = {fds339755}
}
@article{fds335813,
Author = {O'Brien, JD and Kahn, RM and Zenko, Z and Fernandez, JR and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Naïve models of dietary splurges: Beliefs about caloric
compensation and weight change following non-habitual
overconsumption.},
Journal = {Appetite},
Volume = {128},
Pages = {321-332},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.06.016},
Abstract = {The mechanisms that lead to overeating and the consumption
of tempting, unhealthy foods have been studied extensively,
but the compensatory actions taken afterwards have not. Here
we describe the naïve models individuals hold around
dietary splurges (single bouts of overeating) and associated
weight changes. Across six online experiments, we found
that, following a hypothetical dietary splurge, participants
did not plan to adequately adjust calorie consumption to
account for the additional calories consumed (Studies 1 and
2), and this pattern was worse following hypothetical
splurges characterized by a large amount of food consumed in
a single bout (Study 3). Participants expected weight
changes to happen faster than they do in reality (Study 4)
and they expected that weight gained from a dietary splurge
would disappear on its own without explicit compensation
attempts through diet or exercise (Study 5). Similarly,
participants expected that when compensation attempts were
made through calorie restriction, the rate of weight loss
would be faster following a dietary splurge compared to
normal eating (Study 6). This research contributes novel
data demonstrating an important mechanism that likely
contributes to weight gain and failed weight loss
attempts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.appet.2018.06.016},
Key = {fds335813}
}
@article{fds363380,
Author = {Amir, O and Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {Replicating the Effect of the Accessibility of Moral
Standards on Dishonesty: Authors’ Response to the
Replication Attempt},
Journal = {Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological
Science},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {318-320},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515245918769062},
Doi = {10.1177/2515245918769062},
Key = {fds363380}
}
@article{fds332890,
Author = {Mazar, N and Mochon, D and Ariely, D},
Title = {If You Are Going to Pay Within the Next 24 Hours, Press 1:
Automatic Planning Prompt Reduces Credit Card
Delinquency},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {466-476},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1031},
Abstract = {People often form intentions but fail to follow through on
them. Mounting evidence suggests that such intention-action
gaps can be narrowed with prompts to make concrete plans
about when, where, and how to act to achieve the intention.
In this paper, we pushed the notion of plan-concreteness to
test the efficacy of a prompt under a minimalist automated
calling setting, where respondents were only prompted to
indicate a narrower duration within which they intent to
act. In a field experiment, this planning prompt
significantly helped people to pay their past dues and get
out of debt delinquency. These results suggest that
minimalist automatic planning prompts are a scalable,
cost-effective intervention.},
Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1031},
Key = {fds332890}
}
@article{fds332055,
Author = {LeBlanc, TW and Bloom, N and Wolf, SP and Lowman, SG and Pollak, KI and Steinhauser, KE and Ariely, D and Tulsky, JA},
Title = {Triadic treatment decision-making in advanced cancer: a
pilot study of the roles and perceptions of patients,
caregivers, and oncologists.},
Journal = {Support Care Cancer},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1197-1205},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-017-3942-y},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The research on cancer treatment decision-making
focuses on dyads; the full "triad" of patients, oncologists,
and caregivers remains largely unstudied. We investigated
how all members of this triad perceive and experience
decisions related to treatment for advanced cancer. METHODS:
At an academic cancer center, we enrolled adult patients
with advanced gastrointestinal or hematological
malignancies, their caregivers, and their oncologists. Triad
members completed a semi-structured qualitative interview
and a survey measuring decisional conflict and perceived
influence of the other triad members on treatment decisions.
RESULTS: Seventeen patients, 14 caregivers, and 10
oncologists completed the study. Patients and caregivers
reported little decisional regret and voiced high
satisfaction with their decisions, but levels of decisional
conflict were high. We found sizeable disagreement among
triad members' perceptions and preferences. For example,
patients and oncologists disagreed about the caregiver's
influence on the decision 56% of the time. In addition, many
patients and caregivers preferred to defer to their
oncologist about treatment decisions, felt like no true
decision existed, and disagreed with their oncologist about
how many treatment options had been presented. CONCLUSIONS:
Patients, caregivers, and oncologists have discordant
perceptions of the cancer treatment decision-making process,
and bring different preferences about how they want to make
decisions. These data suggest that oncologists should assess
patients' and caregivers' decisional preferences, explicitly
signal that a decision needs to be made whenever approaching
an important crossroads in treatment and ensure that
patients and caregivers understand the full range of
presented options.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00520-017-3942-y},
Key = {fds332055}
}
@article{fds335814,
Author = {Hahn, E and Ariely, D and Tannock, I and Fyles, A and Corn,
BW},
Title = {Slogans and donor pages of cancer centres: do they convey
discordant messages?},
Journal = {The Lancet. Oncology},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {447-448},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30203-1},
Doi = {10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30203-1},
Key = {fds335814}
}
@article{fds333286,
Author = {Amar, M and Ariely, D and Carmon, Z and Yang, H},
Title = {How Counterfeits Infect Genuine Products: The Role of Moral
Disgust},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {329-343},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1036},
Abstract = {We argue that moral disgust toward counterfeiting can
degrade both the efficacy of products perceived to be
counterfeits and that of genuine products resembling them.
Five studies support our propositions and highlight the
infectious nature of counterfeiting: Perceiving a product as
a counterfeit made disgust more mentally accessible, and led
participants to disinfect the item more and reduce how long
they remained in physical contact with it (Study 1).
Participants who perceived a mouse as a counterfeit,
performed less well in a computer game using the mouse and
expressed greater moral disgust, which mediated lowered
performance (Study 2). Exposure to a supposedly counterfeit
fountain pen in an unrelated prior task infected
participants’ performance using a genuine ballpoint pen
resembling the “counterfeit;” individual differences in
moral attitudes moderated the effect (Study 3). Exposure to
a supposedly counterfeit mouse infected performance with a
genuine mouse of the same brand; moral disgust mediated this
effect (Study 4). Finally, moral disgust mediated lowered
efficacy of a supposed counterfeit and that of a genuine
item resembling the “counterfeit” (Study
5).},
Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1036},
Key = {fds333286}
}
@article{fds332183,
Author = {Ariely, D and Gneezy, U and Haruvy, E},
Title = {Social Norms and the Price of Zero},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {180-191},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1018},
Abstract = {The standard economic model assumes that demand is weakly
decreasing in price. While empirical evidence shows that
this is true for most price levels, it might not hold for
the price of zero, where social norms are not entirely
compatible with the self-maximizing economic agent. A set of
experiments shows that switching from a low price to a price
of zero has two effects on behavior: First, in accordance
with the economic theory, more people demand the product.
Second, whereas in the low price case some individuals
demand high quantities of the product, in the zero price
case most people take only one unit of the product. As a
result, lowering the price to zero may lead to a net
decrease in the total amount demanded in the market.
We further show that polite priming results in higher
demand than ethical priming in both zero price and 1¢
conditions.},
Doi = {10.1002/jcpy.1018},
Key = {fds332183}
}
@article{fds326509,
Author = {Banker, S and Ainsworth, SE and Baumeister, RF and Ariely, D and Vohs,
KD},
Title = {The Sticky Anchor Hypothesis: Ego Depletion Increases
Susceptibility to Situational Cues},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {30},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1027-1040},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2022},
Abstract = {Self-control depletion has been linked both to increased
selfish behavior and increased susceptibility to situational
cues. The present research tested two competing hypotheses
about the consequence of depletion by measuring how people
allocate rewards between themselves and another person.
Seven experiments analyzed behavior in standard dictator
games and reverse dictator games, settings in which
participants could take money from another person. Across
all of these experiments, depleted participants made smaller
changes to the initial allocation, thereby sticking closer
to the default position (anchor) than non-depleted
participants. These findings provide support for a “sticky
anchor hypothesis,” which states that the effects of
depletion on behavior are influenced by the proximal
situational cues rather than by directly stimulating
selfishness per se. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.2022},
Key = {fds326509}
}
@article{fds340375,
Author = {Ariely, D and Holzwarth, A},
Title = {The choice architecture of privacy decision-making},
Journal = {Health and Technology},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {415-422},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-017-0193-3},
Abstract = {‘Choice architects’ are responsible for designing
environments that guide decision-making, and thus must
consider the inherent tradeoffs that accompany every choice.
This examination of privacy decision-making places privacy
considerations into context, and accordingly recommends a
method (signal detection theory) for choice architects to
define and weigh the tradeoffs ingrained in private and
public situations in order to design decision environments
that are reflective of their respective costs and
benefits.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12553-017-0193-3},
Key = {fds340375}
}
@article{fds329772,
Author = {Tan, J and Ariely, D and Hare, B},
Title = {Bonobos respond prosocially toward members of other
groups.},
Journal = {Scientific reports},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14733},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15320-w},
Abstract = {Modern humans live in an "exploded" network with unusually
large circles of trust that form due to prosociality toward
unfamiliar people (i.e. xenophilia). In a set of experiments
we demonstrate that semi-free ranging bonobos (Pan paniscus)
- both juveniles and young adults - also show spontaneous
responses consistent with xenophilia. Bonobos voluntarily
aided an unfamiliar, non-group member in obtaining food even
when he/she did not make overt requests for help. Bonobos
also showed evidence for involuntary, contagious yawning in
response to videos of yawning conspecifics who were complete
strangers. These experiments reveal that xenophilia in
bonobos can be unselfish, proactive and automatic. They
support the first impression hypothesis that suggests
xenophilia can evolve through individual selection in social
species whenever the benefits of building new bonds outweigh
the costs. Xenophilia likely evolved in bonobos as the risk
of intergroup aggression dissipated and the benefits of
bonding between immigrating members increased. Our findings
also mean the human potential for xenophilia is either
evolutionarily shared or convergent with bonobos and not
unique to our species as previously proposed.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-15320-w},
Key = {fds329772}
}
@article{fds327324,
Author = {Zenko, Z and O'Brien, JD and Berman, CJ and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Comparison of affect-regulated, self-regulated, and
heart-rate regulated exercise prescriptions: Protocol for a
randomized controlled trial},
Journal = {Psychology of Sport and Exercise},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {124-130},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.06.010},
Abstract = {Recent evidence has highlighted the potential benefits of
affect- and self-regulated exercise prescriptions for the
promotion of physical activity and exercise behavior
(Baldwin et al., 2016; Williams et al., 2015, 2016).
However, questions remain about which characteristics of the
exercise prescriptions make them more effective. Objectives
This study will compare exercise prescriptions with and
without choice, and with and without an emphasis on
affective valence, to determine which method of intensity
regulation is most effective for increasing walking
behavior. Design Parallel-groups randomized controlled
trial. Methods Insufficiently active (less than 90 min per
week of moderate-intensity activity) adults will be
recruited to participate in a six-week study consisting of a
two-week baseline period and four-week intervention. Walking
behavior will be measured objectively using consumer-based
activity monitors, and based on self-reported data. Other
outcome measures will include affective attitudes, variables
related to intrinsic motivation, self-reported compliance,
resting heart rate, and weight. Participants will be
randomized to one of four walking programs that either
regulate intensity based on the choice of the intensity or
based on heart rate, and either have or lack an emphasis on
the affective valence of exercise. Conclusions Recruitment
and onboarding has begun. Results of this randomized
controlled trial are expected to be available by the middle
of 2018.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.06.010},
Key = {fds327324}
}
@article{fds329297,
Author = {Chang, LL and DeVore, AD and Granger, BB and Eapen, ZJ and Ariely, D and Hernandez, AF},
Title = {Leveraging Behavioral Economics to Improve Heart Failure
Care and Outcomes.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {136},
Number = {8},
Pages = {765-772},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028380},
Abstract = {Behavioral challenges are often present in human illness, so
behavioral economics is increasingly being applied in
healthcare settings to better understand why patients choose
healthy or unhealthy behaviors. The application of
behavioral economics to healthcare settings parallels recent
shifts in policy and reimbursement structures that hold
providers accountable for outcomes that are dependent on
patient behaviors. Numerous studies have examined the
application of behavioral economics principles to policy
making and health behaviors, but there are limited data on
applying these concepts to the management of chronic
conditions, such as heart failure (HF). Given its increasing
prevalence and high associated cost of care, HF is a
paradigm case for studying novel approaches to improve
health care; therefore, if we can better understand why
patients with HF make the choices they do, then we may be
more poised to help them manage their medications, influence
daily behaviors, and encourage healthy decision making. In
this article, we will give a brief explanation of the core
behavioral economics concepts that apply to patients with
HF. We will also examine how to craft these concepts into
tools such as financial incentives and social networks that
may improve the management of patients with HF. We believe
that behavioral economics can help us understand barriers to
change, encourage positive behaviors, and offer additional
approaches to improving the outcomes of patients with
HF.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028380},
Key = {fds329297}
}
@article{fds328282,
Author = {Hassidim, A and Korach, T and Shreberk-Hassidim, R and Thomaidou, E and Uzefovsky, F and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Prevalence of Sharing Access Credentials in Electronic
Medical Records.},
Journal = {Healthcare informatics research},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {176-182},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4258/hir.2017.23.3.176},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>Confidentiality of health information is
an important aspect of the physician patient relationship.
The use of digital medical records has made data much more
accessible. To prevent data leakage, many countries have
created regulations regarding medical data accessibility.
These regulations require a unique user ID for each medical
staff member, and this must be protected by a password,
which should be kept undisclosed by all means.<h4>Methods</h4>We
performed a four-question Google Forms-based survey of
medical staff. In the survey, each participant was asked if
he/she ever obtained the password of another medical staff
member. Then, we asked how many times such an episode
occurred and the reason for it.<h4>Results</h4>A total of
299 surveys were gathered. The responses showed that 220
(73.6%) participants reported that they had obtained the
password of another medical staff member. Only 171 (57.2%)
estimated how many time it happened, with an average
estimation of 4.75 episodes. All the residents that took
part in the study (45, 15%) had obtained the password of
another medical staff member, while only 57.5% (38/66) of
the nurses reported this.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The use of
unique user IDs and passwords to defend the privacy of
medical data is a common requirement in medical
organizations. Unfortunately, the use of passwords is doomed
because medical staff members share their passwords with one
another. Strict regulations requiring each staff member to
have it's a unique user ID might lead to password sharing
and to a decrease in data safety.},
Doi = {10.4258/hir.2017.23.3.176},
Key = {fds328282}
}
@article{fds324454,
Author = {Mitkidis, P and Ayal, S and Shalvi, S and Heimann, K and Levy, G and Kyselo, M and Wallot, S and Ariely, D and Roepstorff,
A},
Title = {The effects of extreme rituals on moral behavior: The
performers-observers gap hypothesis},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {1-7},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2016.12.007},
Abstract = {Religious rituals are found all over the world. Some
cultures engage in extreme religious rituals in which
individuals take on forms of bodily harm to demonstrate
their devotion. Such rituals entail excessive costs in terms
of physical pain and effort, but the equivalent societal
benefits remain unclear. The field experiment reported here
examined the interplay between extreme rituals and moral
behavior. Using a die-roll task to measure honest behavior,
we tested whether engaging or observing others engaging in
extreme ritual activities affects subsequent moral behavior.
Strikingly, the results showed that extreme rituals promote
moral behavior among ritual observers, but not among ritual
performers. The discussion centres on the moral effects of
rituals within the broader social context in which they
occur. Extreme religious rituals appear to have a moral
cleansing effect on the numerous individuals observing the
rituals, which may imply that these rituals evolved to
advance and maintain moral societies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.joep.2016.12.007},
Key = {fds324454}
}
@article{fds326921,
Author = {Mochon, D and Johnson, K and Schwartz, J and Ariely,
D},
Title = {What are likes worth? A facebook page field
experiment},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {306-317},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0409},
Abstract = {Despite the tremendous resources devoted to marketing on
Facebook, little is known about its actual effect on
customers. Specifically, can Facebook page likes affect
offline customer behavior, and if so, how? To answer these
questions, the authors conduct a field experiment on
acquired Facebook page likes and find them to have a
positive causal effect on offline customer behavior.
Importantly, these likes are found to be most effective when
the Facebook page is used as a platform for firm-initiated
promotional communications. No effect of acquired page likes
is found when customers interact organically with the firm's
page, but a significant effect is found when the firm pays
to boost its page posts and thus uses its Facebook page as a
platform for paid advertising. These results demonstrate the
value of likes beyond Facebook activity itself and highlight
the conditions under which acquiring likes is most valuable
for firms.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmr.15.0409},
Key = {fds326921}
}
@article{fds316892,
Author = {Grinstein-Weiss, M and Russell, BD and Gale, WG and Key, C and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Behavioral Interventions to Increase Tax-Time Saving:
Evidence from a National Randomized Trial},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Affairs},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-26},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-0078},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joca.12114},
Abstract = {We provide new large-scale experimental evidence on policies
that aim to boost household saving out of income tax
refunds. Households that filed income tax returns with an
online tax preparer and chose to receive their refund
electronically were randomized into eight treatment groups,
which received different combinations of motivational saving
prompts and suggested shares of the refund to save—25% and
75%—and a control group, which received neither. In
treatment conditions where they were presented, motivational
prompts focused on various savings goals: general,
retirement, or emergency. Analysis reveals that higher
suggested that allocations generated increased allocations
of the refund to savings but that prompts for different
reasons to save did not. These interventions, which draw on
lessons from behavioral economics, represent potentially
low-cost, scalable tools for policy makers interested in
helping low- and moderate-income households build
savings.},
Doi = {10.1111/joca.12114},
Key = {fds316892}
}
@article{fds323703,
Author = {Bareket-Bojmel, L and Hochman, G and Ariely, D},
Title = {It’s (Not) All About the Jacksons: Testing Different Types
of Short-Term Bonuses in the Field},
Journal = {Journal of Management},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {534-554},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206314535441},
Abstract = {The use of short-term bonuses to motivate employees has
become an organizational regularity, but a thorough
understanding of the relationship between these incentives
and actual performance is lacking. We aim to advance this
understanding by examining how three types of bonuses (cash,
family meal voucher, and verbal reward) affect employees’
productivity in a field experiment conducted in a high-tech
manufacturing factory. While all types of bonuses increased
performance by over 5%, nonmonetary short-term bonuses had a
slight advantage over monetary bonuses. In addition, the
removal of the bonuses led to decreased productivity for
monetary bonuses but not for the verbal reward. However,
this negative effect of monetary short-term bonuses
diminishes when a cash bonus is chosen by employees rather
than granted by default. Theoretical implications about the
effect of short-term bonuses on intrinsic motivation and
reciprocity, as well as practical applications of short-term
bonus plans that stem from our findings, are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1177/0149206314535441},
Key = {fds323703}
}
@article{fds323516,
Author = {Jahedi, S and Deck, C and Ariely, D},
Title = {Arousal and economic decision making},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {134},
Pages = {165-189},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2016.10.008},
Abstract = {Previous experiments have found that subjecting participants
to cognitive load leads to poorer decision making,
consistent with dual-system models of behavior. Rather than
taxing the cognitive system, this paper reports the results
of an experiment that takes a complementary approach:
arousing the emotional system. The results indicate that
exposure to arousing visual stimuli as compared to neutral
images has a negligible impact on performance in arithmetic
tasks, impatience, risk taking in the domain of losses, and
snack choice although we find that arousal modestly
increases risk-taking in the gains domain and increases
susceptibility to anchoring effects. We find the effect of
arousal on decision making to be smaller and less consistent
then the effect of increased cognitive load for the same
tasks.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2016.10.008},
Key = {fds323516}
}
@article{fds324455,
Author = {Mazar, N and Shampanier, K and Ariely, D},
Title = {When retailing and las vegas meet: Probabilistic free price
promotions},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {250-266},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2328},
Abstract = {A number of retailers offer gambling-or lottery-type price
promotions with a chance to receive one's entire purchase
for free. Although these retailers seem to share the
intuition that probabilistic free price promotions are
attractive to consumers, it is unclear how they compare to
traditional sure price promotions of equal expected monetary
value. We compared these two risky and sure price promotions
for planned purchases across six experiments in the field
and in the laboratory. Together, we found that consumers are
not only more likely to purchase a product promoted with a
probabilistic free discount over the same product promoted
with a sure discount but that they are also likely to
purchase more of it. This preference seems to be primarily
due to a diminishing sensitivity to the prices. In addition,
we find that the zero price effect, transaction cost, and
novelty considerations are likely not implicated.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2015.2328},
Key = {fds324455}
}
@article{fds324456,
Author = {Mochon, D and Schwartz, J and Maroba, J and Patel, D and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Gain without pain: The extended effects of a behavioral
health intervention},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-72},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2322},
Abstract = {We examine the extended effects of an incentive-based
behavioral health intervention designed to improve nutrition
behavior. Although the intervention successfully improved
the target behavior, less is known about any spillovers,
positive or negative, that impacted the program's net
benefit. This novel examination presents an opportunity to
advance our knowledge of this important question,
particularly because many theories predict that balancing
behaviors in other domains (e.g., reduced exercise) can
occur. Our results show a positive and long-lasting
persistence effect for the treatment group, even after the
incentive was removed. Moreover, we observe no negative
spillover effects into related domains such as exercise, and
no negative impact on customer loyalty. These results
support the use of incentive-based interventions and
highlight the importance, for both theory and practice, of
examining their extended effects.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2015.2322},
Key = {fds324456}
}
@article{fds319046,
Author = {Garrett, N and Lazzaro, SC and Ariely, D and Sharot,
T},
Title = {The brain adapts to dishonesty.},
Journal = {Nature neuroscience},
Volume = {19},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1727-1732},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.4426},
Abstract = {Dishonesty is an integral part of our social world,
influencing domains ranging from finance and politics to
personal relationships. Anecdotally, digressions from a
moral code are often described as a series of small breaches
that grow over time. Here we provide empirical evidence for
a gradual escalation of self-serving dishonesty and reveal a
neural mechanism supporting it. Behaviorally, we show that
the extent to which participants engage in self-serving
dishonesty increases with repetition. Using functional MRI,
we show that signal reduction in the amygdala is sensitive
to the history of dishonest behavior, consistent with
adaptation. Critically, the extent of reduced amygdala
sensitivity to dishonesty on a present decision relative to
the previous one predicts the magnitude of escalation of
self-serving dishonesty on the next decision. The findings
uncover a biological mechanism that supports a 'slippery
slope': what begins as small acts of dishonesty can escalate
into larger transgressions.},
Doi = {10.1038/nn.4426},
Key = {fds319046}
}
@article{fds311619,
Author = {Schwartz, JA and Ariely, D},
Title = {Life is a battlefield},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {377-382},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
Abstract = {There are two standard policy alternatives for combating the
harmful behaviors that commercialism encourages, ineffective
soft paternalistic requirements mandating that consumers
receive helpful information, such as calorie counts; and
hard paternalistic rules that curtail individual choice,
such as restrictions on sugary soft-drinks and other
unhealthy options. Perhaps the best approach for dealing
with the clash between short-term pleasures and long-term
interests is to take a libertarian path between hard and
soft paternalism, one that encourages good behavior while
allowing individual choice. his approach recognizes that big
obstacles block our good intentions from becoming actual
behaviors, but it stops short of imposing inflexible
restrictions or penalties. In the libertarian approach,
instead of giving people lots of information about
retirement savings and letting them decide on the right
mutual fund, we can automatically put them into a good
mutual fund that performs well for most people and then let
them opt out if they want something different.},
Key = {fds311619}
}
@article{fds319051,
Author = {Ariely, D and Bracha, A and L'Huillier, JP},
Title = {Public and Private Values},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {29},
Number = {5},
Pages = {550-555},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1919},
Abstract = {In this paper, we experimentally examine whether looking at
other people's pricing decisions is a type of a decision
rule that people over-apply even when it is not applicable,
as in the case of private-value goods. In Study 1, we find
evidence that this is indeed the case—individual valuation
of a subjective experience under full information, elicited
using incentive compatible mechanism, is highly influenced
by values of others. In Study 2, we find that people expect
to use this rule to some degree with respect to actual
consumption of goods, especially goods with some public
value (music), and less so for private-value goods (noise).
However, people expect to use the rule to a very large
extent when they are required to express their valuation of
a good using a dollar figure (Study 3). These results can
shed light on price behavior as rigidities and rents.
Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.1919},
Key = {fds319051}
}
@article{fds319047,
Author = {Williams, EF and Pizarro, D and Ariely, D and Weinberg,
JD},
Title = {The Valjean effect: Visceral states and cheating.},
Journal = {Emotion (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {16},
Number = {6},
Pages = {897-902},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/emo0000158},
Abstract = {Visceral states like thirst, hunger, and fatigue can alter
motivations, predictions, and even memory. Across 3 studies,
we demonstrate that such "hot" states can also shift moral
standards and increase dishonest behavior. Compared to
participants who had just eaten or who had not yet
exercised, hungry and thirsty participants were more likely
to behave dishonestly to win a prize. Consistent with the
specificity of motivation that is characteristic of visceral
states, participants were only more likely to cheat for a
prize that could alleviate their current deprived state
(such as a bottle of water). Interestingly, this increase in
dishonest behavior did not seem to be driven by an increase
in the perceived monetary value of the prize. (PsycINFO
Database Record},
Doi = {10.1037/emo0000158},
Key = {fds319047}
}
@article{fds319048,
Author = {Mann, H and Garcia-Rada, X and Hornuf, L and Tafurt, J and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Cut From the Same Cloth: Similarly Dishonest Individuals
Across Countries},
Journal = {Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology},
Volume = {47},
Number = {6},
Pages = {858-874},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022116648211},
Abstract = {Norms for dishonest behaviors vary across societies, but
whether this variation is related to differences in
individuals’ core tendencies toward dishonesty is unknown.
We compare individual dishonesty on a novel task across 10
participant samples from five countries varying in
corruption and cultural values. In each country, a
die-rolling task was administered to students at major
public universities and the general public in coffee shops.
A separate group of participants in each country predicted
that dishonesty would vary across countries and demonstrated
a home country dishonesty bias. In contrast to predictions
from independent samples, observed dishonesty was limited in
magnitude and similar across countries. We found no
meaningful relationships between dishonesty on our task and
macro-level indicators, including corruption ratings and
cultural values. These findings suggest that individuals
around the world are similarly dishonest at their
core.},
Doi = {10.1177/0022022116648211},
Key = {fds319048}
}
@article{fds319049,
Author = {Zenko, Z and Ekkekakis, P and Ariely, D},
Title = {Can You Have Your Vigorous Exercise and Enjoy It Too?
Ramping Intensity Down Increases Postexercise, Remembered,
and Forecasted Pleasure.},
Journal = {Journal of sport & exercise psychology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {149-159},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0286},
Abstract = {There is a paucity of methods for improving the affective
experience of exercise. We tested a novel method based on
discoveries about the relation between exercise intensity
and pleasure, and lessons from behavioral economics. We
examined the effect of reversing the slope of pleasure
during exercise from negative to positive on pleasure and
enjoyment, remembered pleasure, and forecasted pleasure.
Forty-six adults were randomly assigned to a 15-min bout of
recumbent cycling of either increasing intensity (0-120% of
watts corresponding to the ventilatory threshold) or
decreasing intensity (120-0%). Ramping intensity down,
thereby eliciting a positive slope of pleasure during
exercise, improved postexercise pleasure and enjoyment,
remembered pleasure, and forecasted pleasure. The slope of
pleasure accounted for 35-46% of the variance in remembered
and forecasted pleasure from 15 min to 7 days postexercise.
Ramping intensity down makes it possible to combine exposure
to vigorous and moderate intensities with a pleasant
affective experience.},
Doi = {10.1123/jsep.2015-0286},
Key = {fds319049}
}
@article{fds330852,
Author = {Barkan, R and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Revisiting constructed preferences: Extrapolating
preferences from relevant reminders},
Journal = {Decision},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {281-294},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dec0000051},
Abstract = {Bias and error are considered fundamental characteristics of
preferences. However, daily behavior frequently demonstrates
preference coherence. We link the leading notions of
constructed preferences and well-defined values (Payne,
Bettman & Schkade, 1999) and the demonstration of coherent
arbitrariness (Ariely, Loewenstein & Prelec, 2003) and
suggest that they describe a general process where people
construct preferences from a starting point. We focus on an
intermediate case where people extrapolate coherent
preferences from relevant reminders. In 4 studies we
characterize the unique features of extrapolated preferences
and compare them to preferences built from scratch. Our
findings show that the process of extrapolation follows
linearity rather than diminished sensitivity (Study 1),
leads to fewer errors, thus resulting in more consistent
preference sets (Study 2), reduces cognitive effort as the
quality of the starting point increases (Study 3), and helps
to maintain transitivity by prioritizing ordered preferences
over direct but noisy experience (Study 4). We discuss the
advantages of extrapolated preferences in terms of
coherence, but also highlight their potential drawbacks in
terms of compromising authentic experience.},
Doi = {10.1037/dec0000051},
Key = {fds330852}
}
@article{fds320745,
Author = {Ayal, S and Hochman, G and Ariely, D},
Title = {Editorial: Dishonest Behavior, from Theory to
Practice.},
Journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {1521},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01521},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01521},
Key = {fds320745}
}
@article{fds319050,
Author = {Lee, C-Y and Hochman, G and Prince, SE and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Past Actions as Self-Signals: How Acting in a
Self-Interested Way Influences Environmental Decision
Making.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {11},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0158456},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158456},
Abstract = {In the last few decades, awareness of environmental issues
has increased significantly. Little has changed, however, in
human activities contributing to environmental damage. Why
is it so difficult for us to change our behavior in a domain
that is clearly so important to the future of humanity? Here
we propose and test the possibility that self-signaling, the
way we view ourselves based on our past behaviors, is one of
the factors contributing to the difficulty of taking
environmental action. In three experiments, we show that
previous self-interested thoughts or behaviors serve as
important signals that hinder the likelihood of acting in
line with an individual's reported concern for the
environment. This study not only helps explain the gap
between environmental awareness and action, but also
suggests alternative strategies for policymakers and
environmental agencies to promote proenvironmental
behavior.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0158456},
Key = {fds319050}
}
@misc{fds326222,
Author = {Ariely, D and Trower, M and Grüneisen, A},
Title = {Irrational attachment (why we love what we
own)},
Pages = {69-89},
Booktitle = {Critical Mindfulness: Exploring Langerian
Models},
Publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783319307817},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30782-4_5},
Abstract = {Ellen Langer’s early observation that people feel a false
sense of connection to uncontrollable events has led to a
long line of research, originating with Langer’s illusion
of control and spanning a wide array of studies on the
endowment effect, the IKEA effect, and the not-invented-here
bias. Ellen Langer’s contributions to the study of
irrational behavior and attachment have helped form the
foundation of behavioral economics, inspiring researchers to
this day.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-30782-4_5},
Key = {fds326222}
}
@article{fds265900,
Author = {Barkan, R and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Ethical dissonance, justifications, and moral
behavior},
Journal = {Current Opinion in Psychology},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {157-161},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {2352-250X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.08.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.08.001},
Key = {fds265900}
}
@article{fds311620,
Author = {Ariely, D and Lanier, WL},
Title = {Disturbing Trends in Physician Burnout and Satisfaction With
Work-Life Balance: Dealing With Malady Among the Nation's
Healers.},
Journal = {Mayo Clinic proceedings},
Volume = {90},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1593-1596},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0025-6196},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.10.004},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.10.004},
Key = {fds311620}
}
@article{fds311621,
Author = {Ariely, D and Popescu, B},
Title = {Being Irrationally Funny as a Cognitive Psychologist:
Interview With Dan Ariely.},
Journal = {Europe's journal of psychology},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {565-570},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v11i4.1083},
Abstract = {The idea of interviewing Dan Ariely was somehow latent on my
mind since I started being interested in cognitive
psychology and cognitive behavior psychotherapy, but
actually got more ardent ever since irrationality became a
research topic for his team at Duke University. I picked him
as an interviewee thinking not only at his exceptional
skills as a researcher and as Kahnemann 'disciple', but
mainly for his fantastic wit, true modesty and utmost
interest in making people's lives easier and more
comfortable, by creating awareness on a lot of topics
otherwise neglected. Dan Ariely's very agreeable personality
and humor would not let you think of him as a burnt casualty
who, in his youth struggled to survive a personal drama, so
well-documented in his paper "Painful lessons" posted on the
MIT website (http://web.mit.edu/ariely/www/MIT/Papers/mypain.pdf).
I think reading his paper and also this transcribed
interview with him would be also comforting for people who
found out about Bucharest fire incident that rocked our
society and also for people who are personally related to
this tragedy.},
Doi = {10.5964/ejop.v11i4.1083},
Key = {fds311621}
}
@article{fds311622,
Author = {Ayal, S and Gino, F and Barkan, R and Ariely, D},
Title = {Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical
Behavior.},
Journal = {Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the
Association for Psychological Science},
Volume = {10},
Number = {6},
Pages = {738-741},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1745-6916},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691615598512},
Abstract = {Dishonesty and unethical behavior are widespread in the
public and private sectors and cause immense annual losses.
For instance, estimates of U.S. annual losses indicate $1
trillion paid in bribes, $270 billion lost due to unreported
income, and $42 billion lost in retail due to shoplifting
and employee theft. In this article, we draw on insights
from the growing fields of moral psychology and behavioral
ethics to present a three-principle framework we call
REVISE. This framework classifies forces that affect
dishonesty into three main categories and then redirects
those forces to encourage moral behavior. The first
principle, reminding, emphasizes the effectiveness of subtle
cues that increase the salience of morality and decrease
people's ability to justify dishonesty. The second
principle, visibility, aims to restrict anonymity, prompt
peer monitoring, and elicit responsible norms. The third
principle, self-engagement, increases people's motivation to
maintain a positive self-perception as a moral person and
helps bridge the gap between moral values and actual
behavior. The REVISE framework can guide the design of
policy interventions to defeat dishonesty.},
Doi = {10.1177/1745691615598512},
Key = {fds311622}
}
@article{fds311624,
Author = {Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {Dishonesty in scientific research.},
Journal = {The Journal of clinical investigation},
Volume = {125},
Number = {11},
Pages = {3993-3996},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-9738},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci84722},
Abstract = {Fraudulent business practices, such as those leading to the
Enron scandal and the conviction of Bernard Madoff, evoke a
strong sense of public outrage. But fraudulent or dishonest
actions are not exclusive to the realm of big corporations
or to evil individuals without consciences. Dishonest
actions are all too prevalent in everyone's daily lives,
because people are constantly encountering situations in
which they can gain advantages by cutting corners. Whether
it's adding a few dollars in value to the stolen items
reported on an insurance claim form or dropping outlier data
points from a figure to make a paper sound more interesting,
dishonesty is part of the human condition. Here, we explore
how people rationalize dishonesty, the implications for
scientific research, and what can be done to foster a
culture of research integrity.},
Doi = {10.1172/jci84722},
Key = {fds311624}
}
@article{fds265902,
Author = {Gilam, G and Lin, T and Raz, G and Azrielant, S and Fruchter, E and Ariely,
D and Hendler, T},
Title = {Neural substrates underlying the tendency to accept
anger-infused ultimatum offers during dynamic social
interactions.},
Journal = {NeuroImage},
Volume = {120},
Pages = {400-411},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1053-8119},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.003},
Abstract = {In managing our way through interpersonal conflict, anger
might be crucial in determining whether the dispute
escalates to aggressive behaviors or resolves cooperatively.
The Ultimatum Game (UG) is a social decision-making paradigm
that provides a framework for studying interpersonal
conflict over division of monetary resources. Unfair
monetary UG-offers elicit anger and while accepting them
engages regulatory processes, rejecting them is regarded as
an aggressive retribution. Ventro-medial prefrontal-cortex
(vmPFC) activity has been shown to relate to idiosyncratic
tendencies in accepting unfair offers possibly through its
role in emotion regulation. Nevertheless, standard UG
paradigms lack fundamental aspects of real-life social
interactions in which one reacts to other people in a
response contingent fashion. To uncover the neural
substrates underlying the tendency to accept anger-infused
ultimatum offers during dynamic social interactions, we
incorporated on-line verbal negotiations with an obnoxious
partner in a repeated-UG during fMRI scanning. We
hypothesized that vmPFC activity will differentiate between
individuals with high or low monetary gains accumulated
throughout the game and reflect a divergence in the
associated emotional experience. We found that as
individuals gained more money, they reported less anger but
also more positive feelings and had slower sympathetic
response. In addition, high-gain individuals had increased
vmPFC activity, but also decreased brainstem activity, which
possibly reflected the locus coeruleus. During the more
angering unfair offers, these individuals had increased
dorsal-posterior Insula (dpI) activity which functionally
coupled to the medial-thalamus (mT). Finally, both vmPFC
activity and dpI-mT connectivity contributed to increased
gain, possibly by modulating the ongoing subjective
emotional experience. These ecologically valid findings
point towards a neural mechanism that might nurture
pro-social interactions by modulating an individual's
dynamic emotional experience.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.003},
Key = {fds265902}
}
@article{fds265901,
Author = {Carlson, KA and Wolfe, J and Blanchard, SJ and Huber, JC and Ariely,
D},
Title = {The budget contraction effect: How contracting budgets lead
to less varied choice},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {337-348},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.10.0243},
Abstract = {How do consumers adjust their spending when their budget
changes? A common view is that the allocation of one's
current budget should not depend on previous budget
allocations. Contrary to this, the authors find that when
the budget contracts to a particular level, consumers select
less variety (as measured by the number of different items
with some of the budget allocated to them) than when their
budget expands to that same level. This budget contraction
effect stems from a reduction in variety under the
contracting budget, not from variety expansion under the
expanding budget. Evidence from five experiments indicates
that the effect is driven by a desire to avoid feelings of
loss associated with spreading allocation cuts (relative to
reference quantities from previous allocations) across many
items.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmr.10.0243},
Key = {fds265901}
}
@article{fds265904,
Author = {Lee, L and Lee, MP and Bertini, M and Zauberman, G and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Money, time, and the stability of consumer
preferences},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {184-199},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.10.0386},
Abstract = {Consumers often make product choices that involve the
consideration of money and time. Building on dual-process
models, the authors propose that these two basic resources
activate qualitatively different modes of processing: while
money is processed analytically, time is processed more
affectively. Importantly, this distinction then influences
the stability of consumer preferences. An initial set of
three experiments demonstrates that, compared with a control
condition free of the consideration of either resource,
money consideration generates significantly more violations
of transitivity in product choice, while time consideration
has no such impact. The next three experiments use multiple
approaches to demonstrate the role of different processing
modes associated with money versus time consideration in
this result. Finally, two additional experiments test ways
in which the cognitive noise associated with the analytical
processing that money consideration triggers could be
reduced, resulting in more consistent preferences.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmr.10.0386},
Key = {fds265904}
}
@misc{fds316020,
Author = {Grinstein-Weiss, M and Comer, K and Russell, B and Key, C and Perantie,
D and Ariely, D},
Title = {Refund to Savings: Creating Contingency Savings at Tax
Time},
Pages = {87-106},
Booktitle = {A Fragile Balance: Emergency Savings and Liquid Resources
for Low-Income Consumers},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan US},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781349503988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137482372_6},
Doi = {10.1057/9781137482372_6},
Key = {fds316020}
}
@article{fds265903,
Author = {Hochman, G and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Fairness requires deliberation: the primacy of economic over
social considerations.},
Journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {747},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00747},
Abstract = {While both economic and social considerations of fairness
and equity play an important role in financial
decision-making, it is not clear which of these two motives
is more primal and immediate and which one is secondary and
slow. Here we used variants of the ultimatum game to examine
this question. Experiment 1 shows that acceptance rate of
unfair offers increases when participants are asked to base
their choice on their gut-feelings, as compared to when they
thoroughly consider the available information. In line with
these results, Experiments 2 and 3 provide process evidence
that individuals prefer to first examine economic
information about their own utility rather than social
information about equity and fairness, even at the price of
foregoing such social information. Our results suggest that
people are more economically rational at the core, but
social considerations (e.g., inequality aversion) require
deliberation, which under certain conditions override their
self-interested impulses.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00747},
Key = {fds265903}
}
@article{fds265914,
Author = {Finkel, EJ and Norton, MI and Reis, HT and Ariely, D and Caprariello,
PA and Eastwick, PW and Frost, JH and Maniaci, MR},
Title = {When does familiarity promote versus undermine interpersonal
attraction? A proposed integrative model from erstwhile
adversaries.},
Journal = {Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the
Association for Psychological Science},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-19},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1745-6916},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691614561682},
Abstract = {This article began as an adversarial collaboration between
two groups of researchers with competing views on a
longstanding question: Does familiarity promote or undermine
interpersonal attraction? As we explored our respective
positions, it became clear that the limitations of our
conceptualizations of the familiarity-attraction link, as
well as the limitations of prior research, were masking a
set of higher order principles capable of integrating these
diverse conceptualizations. This realization led us to adopt
a broader perspective, which focuses on three distinct
relationship stages-awareness, surface contact, and
mutuality-and suggests that the influence of familiarity on
attraction depends on both the nature and the stage of the
relationship between perceivers and targets. This article
introduces the framework that emerged from our discussions
and suggests directions for research to investigate its
validity.},
Doi = {10.1177/1745691614561682},
Key = {fds265914}
}
@article{fds311623,
Author = {Micucci, A and Gori, E and De Petrillo and F and Truppa, V and Ariely, D and Addessi, E},
Title = {Does Self-Control Rely on a Limited Resource in Tufted
Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)?},
Journal = {FOLIA PRIMATOLOGICA},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {324-324},
Publisher = {KARGER},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0015-5713},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000363955000154&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311623}
}
@article{fds311625,
Author = {Petrillo, FD and Micucci, A and Gori, E and Truppa, V and Ariely, D and Addessi, E},
Title = {Self-control depletion in tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus
spp.): does delay of gratification rely on a limited
resource?},
Journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {1193},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01193},
Abstract = {Self-control failure has enormous personal and societal
consequences. One of the most debated models explaining why
self-control breaks down is the Strength Model, according to
which self-control depends on a limited resource. Either
previous acts of self-control or taking part in highly
demanding cognitive tasks have been shown to reduce
self-control, possibly due to a reduction in blood glucose
levels. However, several studies yielded negative findings,
and recent meta-analyses questioned the robustness of the
depletion effect in humans. We investigated, for the first
time, whether the Strength Model applies to a non-human
primate species, the tufted capuchin monkey. We tested five
capuchins in a self-control task (the Accumulation task) in
which food items were accumulated within individual's reach
for as long as the subject refrained from taking them. We
evaluated whether capuchins' performance decreases: (i) when
tested before receiving their daily meal rather than after
consuming it (Energy Depletion Experiment), and (ii) after
being tested in two tasks with different levels of cognitive
complexity (Cognitive Depletion Experiment). We also tested,
in both experiments, how implementing self-control in each
trial of the Accumulation task affected this capacity within
each session and/or across consecutive sessions. Repeated
acts of self-control in each trial of the Accumulation task
progressively reduced this capacity within each session, as
predicted by the Strength Model. However, neither
experiencing a reduction in energy level nor taking part in
a highly demanding cognitive task decreased performance in
the subsequent Accumulation task. Thus, whereas capuchins
seem to be vulnerable to within-session depletion effects,
to other extents our findings are in line with the growing
body of studies that failed to find a depletion effect in
humans. Methodological issues potentially affecting the lack
of depletion effects in capuchins are discussed.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01193},
Key = {fds311625}
}
@article{fds311626,
Author = {Chance, Z and Gino, F and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {The slow decay and quick revival of self-deception.},
Journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {1075},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01075},
Abstract = {People demonstrate an impressive ability to self-deceive,
distorting misbehavior to reflect positively on
themselves-for example, by cheating on a test and believing
that their inflated performance reflects their true ability.
But what happens to self-deception when self-deceivers must
face reality, such as when taking another test on which they
cannot cheat? We find that self-deception diminishes over
time only when self-deceivers are repeatedly confronted with
evidence of their true ability (Study 1); this learning,
however, fails to make them less susceptible to future
self-deception (Study 2).},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01075},
Key = {fds311626}
}
@misc{fds314352,
Author = {Grinstein-Weiss, M and Comer, K and Russell, B and Key, C and Perantie,
D and Ariely, D},
Title = {Refund to savings: Creating contingency savings at tax
time},
Pages = {87-106},
Booktitle = {A Fragile Balance: Emergency Savings and Liquid Resources
for Low-Income Consumers},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781137487810},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137482372.0009},
Doi = {10.1057/9781137482372.0009},
Key = {fds314352}
}
@article{fds265913,
Author = {Anik, L and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Contingent match incentives increase donations},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {790-801},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.13.0432},
Abstract = {The authors propose a new means by which nonprofits can
induce donors to give today and commit to giving in the
future: contingent match incentives, in which matching is
made contingent on the percentage of others who give (e.g.,
"if X% of others give, we will match all donations"). A
field experiment shows that a 75% contingent match (such
that matches "kick in" only if 75% of others donate) is most
effective in increasing commitment to recurring donations.
An online experiment reveals that the 75% contingent match
drives commitment to recurring donations because it
simultaneously provides social proof while offering a low
enough target to remain plausible that the match will occur.
A final online experiment demonstrates that the
effectiveness of the 75% contingent match extends to
one-time donations. The authors discuss the practical and
theoretical implications of contingent matches for managers
and academics.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmr.13.0432},
Key = {fds265913}
}
@article{fds265915,
Author = {Norton, MI and Neal, DT and Govan, CL and Ariely, D and Holland,
E},
Title = {The not-so-common-wealth of Australia: Evidence for a
cross-cultural desire for a more equal distribution of
wealth},
Journal = {Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {339-351},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1529-7489},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asap.12058},
Abstract = {Recent evidence suggests that Americans underestimate wealth
inequality in the United States and favor a more equal
wealth distribution (Norton & Ariely, 2011). Does this
pattern reflect ideological dynamics unique to the United
States, or is the phenomenon evident in other developed
economies-such as Australia? We assessed Australians'
perceived and ideal wealth distributions and compared them
to the actual wealth distribution. Although the United
States and Australia differ in the degree of actual wealth
inequality and in cultural narratives around economic
mobility, the Australian data closely replicated the United
States findings. Misperceptions of wealth inequality as well
as preferences for more equal distributions may be common
across developed economies. In addition, beliefs about
wealth distribution only weakly predicted support for
raising the minimum wage, suggesting that attitudes toward
inequality may not translate into preferences for
redistributive policies.},
Doi = {10.1111/asap.12058},
Key = {fds265915}
}
@article{fds265918,
Author = {Chajut, E and Caspi, A and Chen, R and Hod, M and Ariely,
D},
Title = {In pain thou shalt bring forth children: the peak-and-end
rule in recall of labor pain.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {25},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2266-2271},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797614551004},
Abstract = {Childbirth is usually the most painful event of a mother's
life, and resonates in individual and collective memory for
years. The current study examined the relationship between
the experience of labor pain and its recollection 2 days and
2 months after delivery. We found that despite the
exceptional physical and emotional experiences of
childbirth, the memory of the pain involved in labor was
biased toward the average of the peak pain and the end pain,
whereas the duration of the delivery had a relatively
negligible effect on the recollected intensity of pain. A
comparison of mothers whose labor ended with or without
epidural analgesia corroborated previous findings that the
level of pain toward the end of an experience greatly
influences the way the overall experience is remembered.
Although both short- and long-term retention of memories of
labor exhibited the peak-and-end effect, having given birth
before weakened the effect 2 months after
delivery.},
Doi = {10.1177/0956797614551004},
Key = {fds265918}
}
@article{fds265925,
Author = {Hochman, G and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Keeping your gains close but your money closer: The
prepayment effect in riskless choices},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {107},
Number = {PB},
Pages = {582-594},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.01.014},
Abstract = {Although research on loss aversion now spans more than three
decades, researchers are still debating whether (or in which
cases) the finding holds true for money. We contribute to
this debate by exploring how prepayment affects financial
decisions. In one set of experiments, we show that when
faced with a tradeoff between post- and prepayment,
participants overvalue prepaid money, and sometimes even
prefer it over objectively higher gains. Importantly, this
effect was more pronounced when prepayment was more distant
from its pure representation in dollars and cents
(Experiment 1A), as well as when potential losses were
directly linked to specific options (Experiment 1B). As far
as the processes involved, our results suggest that
prepayment leads to increased personal commitment to prepaid
options (Experiment 1C). In a second set of experiments, we
show that even when the tradeoff element is eliminated,
participants are more motivated and engaged in a task that
is prepaid rather than post-paid (Experiments 2A and 2B).
Based on our findings, we discuss how firms can use
prepayment mechanisms to get more out of their agents, and
how individuals can be motivated to better utilize their
money.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2014.01.014},
Key = {fds265925}
}
@article{fds265921,
Author = {Ainsworth, SE and Baumeister, RF and Vohs, KD and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Ego depletion decreases trust in economic decision
making.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental social psychology},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {40-49},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-1031},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.04.004},
Abstract = {Three experiments tested the effects of ego depletion on
economic decision making. Participants completed a task
either requiring self-control or not. Then participants
learned about the trust game, in which senders are given an
initial allocation of $10 to split between themselves and
another person, the receiver. The receiver receives triple
the amount given and can send any, all, or none of the
tripled money back to the sender. Participants were assigned
the role of the sender and decided how to split the initial
allocation. Giving less money, and therefore not trusting
the receiver, is the safe, less risky response. Participants
who had exerted self-control and were depleted gave the
receiver less money than those in the non-depletion
condition (Experiment 1). This effect was replicated and
moderated in two additional experiments. Depletion again led
to lower amounts given (less trust), but primarily among
participants who were told they would never meet the
receiver (Experiment 2) or who were given no information
about how similar they were to the receiver (Experiment 3).
Amounts given did not differ for depleted and non-depleted
participants who either expected to meet the receiver
(Experiment 2) or were led to believe that they were very
similar to the receiver (Experiment 3). Decreased trust
among depleted participants was strongest among neurotics.
These results imply that self-control facilitates behavioral
trust, especially when no other cues signal decreased social
risk in trusting, such as if an actual or possible
relationship with the receiver were suggested.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2014.04.004},
Key = {fds265921}
}
@article{fds265924,
Author = {Chan, C and Van Boven and L and Andrade, EB and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Moral Violations Reduce Oral Consumption.},
Journal = {Journal of consumer psychology : the official journal of the
Society for Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-386},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2013.12.003},
Abstract = {Consumers frequently encounter moral violations in everyday
life. They watch movies and television shows about crime and
deception, hear news reports of corporate fraud and tax
evasion, and hear gossip about cheaters and thieves. How
does exposure to moral violations influence consumption?
Because moral violations arouse disgust and because disgust
is an evolutionarily important signal of contamination that
should provoke a multi-modal response, we hypothesize that
moral violations affect a key behavioral response to
disgust: reduced oral consumption. In three experiments,
compared with those in control conditions, people drank less
water and chocolate milk while (a) watching a film
portraying the moral violations of incest, (b) writing about
moral violations of cheating or theft, and (c) listening to
a report about fraud and manipulation. These findings imply
that "moral disgust" influences consumption in ways similar
to core disgust, and thus provide evidence for the
associations between moral violations, emotions, and
consumer behavior.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jcps.2013.12.003},
Key = {fds265924}
}
@article{fds265926,
Author = {Sharma, E and Mazar, N and Alter, AL and Ariely, D},
Title = {Financial deprivation selectively shifts moral standards and
compromises moral decisions},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {123},
Number = {2},
Pages = {90-100},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.09.001},
Abstract = {Previous research suggests people firmly value moral
standards. However, research has also shown that various
factors can compromise moral behavior. Inspired by the
recent financial turmoil, we investigate whether financial
deprivation might shift people's moral standards and
consequently compromise their moral decisions. Across one
pilot survey and five experiments, we find that people
believe financial deprivation should not excuse immoral
conduct; yet when people actually experience deprivation
they seem to apply their moral standards more leniently.
Thus, people who feel deprived tend to cheat more for
financial gains and judge deprived moral offenders who cheat
for financial gains less harshly. These effects are mediated
by shifts in people's moral standards: beliefs in whether
deprivation is an acceptable reason for immorality. The
effect of deprivation on immoral conduct diminishes when it
is explicit that immoral conduct cannot help alleviate
imbalances in deprived actors' financial states, when
financial deprivation seems fair or deserved, and when
acting immorally seems unfair. © 2013 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.09.001},
Key = {fds265926}
}
@article{fds265927,
Author = {Schwartz, J and Mochon, D and Wyper, L and Maroba, J and Patel, D and Ariely, D},
Title = {Healthier by precommitment.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {538-546},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24390824},
Abstract = {We tested a voluntary self-control commitment device to help
grocery shoppers make healthier food purchases.
Participants, who were already enrolled in a large-scale
incentive program that discounts the price of eligible
groceries by 25%, were offered the chance to put their
discount on the line. Agreeing households pledged that they
would increase their purchases of healthy food by 5
percentage points above their household baseline for each of
6 months. If they reached that goal, their discount was
awarded as usual; otherwise, their discount was forfeited
for that month. Thirty-six percent of households that were
offered the binding commitment agreed; they subsequently
showed an average 3.5-percentage-point increase in healthy
grocery items purchased in each of the 6 months; households
that declined the commitment and control-group households
that were given a hypothetical option to precommit did not
show such an increase. These results suggest that self-aware
consumers will seize opportunities to create restrictive
choice environments for themselves, even at some risk of
financial loss.},
Doi = {10.1177/0956797613510950},
Key = {fds265927}
}
@article{fds265931,
Author = {Ansher, C and Ariely, D and Nagler, A and Rudd, M and Schwartz, J and Shah,
A},
Title = {Better medicine by default.},
Journal = {Med Decis Making},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-158},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24125790},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: American health care is transitioning to
electronic physician ordering. These computerized systems
are unique because they allow custom order interfaces.
Although these systems provide great benefits, there are
also potential pitfalls, as the behavioral sciences have
shown that the very format of electronic interfaces can
influence decision making. The current research specifically
examines how defaults in electronic order templates affect
physicians' treatment decisions and medical errors. METHODS:
Forty-five medical residents completed order sets for 3
medical case studies. Participants were randomly assigned to
receive order sets with either "opt-in" defaults (options
visible but unselected) or "opt-out" defaults (options
visible and preselected). RESULTS: compare error rates
between conditions and examine the type and severity of
errors most often made with opt-in versus opt-out defaults.
Results. Opt-out defaults resulted in a greater number of
items ordered and specifically increased commission errors
(overordering) compared with opt-in defaults. However, while
opt-in defaults resulted in fewer orders, they also
increased omission errors. When the severity of the errors
is taken into account, the default effects seem limited to
less severe errors. CONCLUSION: The defaults used in
electronic order sets influence medical treatment decisions
when the consequences to a patient's health are low. This
pattern suggests that physicians cognitively override
incorrect default choices but only to a point, and it
implies tradeoffs that maximize accuracy and minimize
cognitive effort. Results indicate that defaults for
low-impact items on electronic templates warrant careful
attention because physicians are unlikely to override
them.},
Doi = {10.1177/0272989X13507339},
Key = {fds265931}
}
@article{fds265917,
Author = {Mann, H and Garcia-Rada, X and Houser, D and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Everybody else is doing it: exploring social transmission of
lying behavior.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {9},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e109591},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109591},
Abstract = {Lying is a common occurrence in social interactions, but
what predicts whether an individual will tell a lie? While
previous studies have focused on personality factors, here
we asked whether lying tendencies might be transmitted
through social networks. Using an international sample of
1,687 socially connected pairs, we investigated whether
lying tendencies were related in socially connected
individuals, and tested two moderators of observed
relationships. Participants recruited through a massive open
online course reported how likely they would be to engage in
specific lies; a friend or relative responded to the same
scenarios independently. We classified lies according to
their beneficiary (antisocial vs. prosocial lies), and their
directness (lies of commission vs. omission), resulting in
four unique lying categories. Regression analyses showed
that antisocial commission, antisocial omission, and
prosocial commission lying tendencies were all uniquely
related in connected pairs, even when the analyses were
limited to pairs that were not biologically related. For
antisocial lies of commission, these relationships were
strongest, and were moderated by amount of time spent
together. Randomly paired individuals from the same
countries were also related in their antisocial commission
lying tendencies, signifying country-level norms. Our
results indicate that a person's lying tendencies can be
predicted by the lying tendencies of his or her friends and
family members.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0109591},
Key = {fds265917}
}
@article{fds265920,
Author = {Mazar, N and Koszegi, B and Ariely, D},
Title = {True context-dependent preferences? The causes of
market-dependent valuations},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {200-208},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1794},
Abstract = {A central assumption of neoclassical economics is that
reservation prices for familiar products express people's
true preferences for these products; that is, they represent
the total benefit that a good confers to the consumers and
are, thus, independent of actual prices in the market.
Nevertheless, a vast amount of research has shown that
valuations can be sensitive to other salient prices,
particularly when individuals are explicitly anchored on
them. In this paper, the authors extend previous research on
single-price anchoring and study the sensitivity of
valuations to the distribution of prices found for a product
in the market. In addition, they examine its possible
causes. They find that market-dependent valuations cannot be
fully explained by rational inferences consumers draw about
a product's value and are unlikely to be fully explained by
true market-dependent preferences. Rather, the market
dependence of valuations likely reflects consumers' focus on
something other than the total benefit that the product
confers to them. Furthermore, this paper shows that
market-dependent valuations persist when - as in many
real-life settings - individuals make repeated purchase
decisions over time and infer the distribution of the
product's prices from their market experience. Finally, the
authors consider the implications of their findings for
marketers and consumers. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.1794},
Key = {fds265920}
}
@article{fds265922,
Author = {Himmelstein, DU and Ariely, D and Woolhandler,
S},
Title = {Pay-for-performance: toxic to quality? Insights from
behavioral economics.},
Journal = {International journal of health services : planning,
administration, evaluation},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {203-214},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0020-7314},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hs.44.2.a},
Abstract = {Pay-for-performance programs aim to upgrade health care
quality by tailoring financial incentives for desirable
behaviors. While Medicare and many private insurers are
charging ahead with pay-for-performance, researchers have
been unable to show that it benefits patients. Findings from
the new field of behavioral economics challenge the
traditional economic view that monetary reward either is the
only motivator or is simply additive to intrinsic motivators
such as purpose or altruism. Studies have shown that
monetary rewards can undermine motivation and worsen
performance on cognitively complex and intrinsically
rewarding work, suggesting that pay-for-performance may
backfire.},
Doi = {10.2190/hs.44.2.a},
Key = {fds265922}
}
@article{fds265930,
Author = {Morewedge, CK and Krishnamurti, T and Ariely, D},
Title = {Focused on fairness: Alcohol intoxication increases the
costly rejection of inequitable rewards},
Journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology},
Volume = {50},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-20},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1031},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.08.006},
Abstract = {This research examined the effect of alcohol intoxication on
the propensity to behave inequitably and responses to
inequitable divisions of rewards. Intoxicated and sober
participants played ten rounds of a modified ultimatum game
in two studies. Whereas intoxicated and sober participants
were similarly generous in the proposals they made to their
partners, intoxicated participants more often rejected
unfair offers than did sober participants. These results
were consistent whether alcohol intoxication was
self-determined (Study 1) or randomly assigned (Study 2).
The results provide insight into the cognitive processes
underlying standards of equity and responses to inequity,
and elucidate how intoxication influences these processes
and subsequent behavioral responses. © 2013 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2013.08.006},
Key = {fds265930}
}
@article{fds265928,
Author = {Norton, MI and Frost, JH and Ariely, D},
Title = {Less is often more, but not always: additional evidence that
familiarity breeds contempt and a call for future
research.},
Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
Volume = {105},
Number = {6},
Pages = {921-923},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24295381},
Abstract = {Ullrich, Krueger, Brod, and Groschupf (2013)-using a
replication of the trait paradigm from Norton, Frost, and
Ariely (2007)-suggest that less information does not always
equal greater liking. We first ground the current debate in
a larger historical debate in social psychology regarding
the merits of configural versus algebraic models of person
perception. We next review (a) related research that has
suggested that more information can in some cases lead to
more liking and (b) a large body of "real world" data-from
friendships, daters, married couples, employment,
celebrities, and politics-that suggests that more
information often leads to less liking. We then provide an
additional replication of our "less is more" effect, using a
slight variation of the trait-list paradigm. The existing
data suggest a need for further integrative explorations of
when familiarity leads to contempt or liking or has no
effect.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0034379},
Key = {fds265928}
}
@article{fds265932,
Author = {Ariely, D and Mann, H},
Title = {A Bird's Eye View of Unethical Behavior: Commentary on
Trautmann et al. (2013).},
Journal = {Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the
Association for Psychological Science},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {498-500},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1745-6916},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000324101800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Results from Trautmann and colleagues' large, representative
survey of Dutch people suggest a more nuanced relationship
between class and ethics than previous research has
demonstrated (Trautmann, Van de Kuilen, & Zeckhauser, 2013,
this issue). Following their analysis, we suggest that it is
unlikely that either upper- or lower-class people are
unequivocally more moral. Rather, several psychological and
external forces are at play in ethical decision making,
which likely vary in strength depending on the
conceptualization of class and the sociocultural context.
Furthermore, people from different social classes may have
different ethical standards or different degrees of
willingness to breach these standards (or both), a
distinction that should be explored in future
research.},
Doi = {10.1177/1745691613498907},
Key = {fds265932}
}
@article{fds265948,
Author = {Gino, F and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Self-Serving Altruism? The Lure of Unethical Actions that
Benefit Others.},
Journal = {Journal of economic behavior & organization},
Volume = {93},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.04.005},
Abstract = {In three experiments, we propose and find that individuals
cheat more when others can benefit from their cheating and
when the number of beneficiaries of wrongdoing increases.
Our results indicate that people use moral flexibility to
justify their self-interested actions when such actions
benefit others in addition to the self. Namely, our findings
suggest that when people's dishonesty would benefit others,
they are more likely to view dishonesty as morally
acceptable and thus feel less guilty about benefiting from
cheating. We discuss the implications of these results for
collaborations in the social realm.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2013.04.005},
Key = {fds265948}
}
@article{fds265952,
Author = {Hoeffler, S and Ariely, D and West, P and Duclos,
R},
Title = {Preference exploration and learning: The role of
intensiveness and extensiveness of experience},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {330-340},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000320682200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In this article, the authors partition the construct of
experience into intensiveness (i.e., amount) and
extensiveness (i.e., breadth) and examine the impact of the
two specific types of experience on preference learning. In
the first three studies, the authors' theory that experience
can be partitioned into intensiveness (i.e., amount) and
extensiveness (i.e., breadth) of experience and that
extensiveness has a greater impact on preference learning is
supported in environments where prior experience is
measured. Further, in study 4 they demonstrate that
extensiveness or breadth of experience exerts a larger
influence on preference learning in an experiment where each
unique type of experience is manipulated as well as
measured. © 2012 Society for Consumer Psychology.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jcps.2012.10.007},
Key = {fds265952}
}
@article{fds265950,
Author = {Sah, S and Elias, P and Ariely, D},
Title = {Investigation momentum: the relentless pursuit to resolve
uncertainty.},
Journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
Volume = {173},
Number = {10},
Pages = {932-933},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {2168-6114},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.401},
Doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.401},
Key = {fds265950}
}
@article{fds265953,
Author = {Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {American's desire for less wealth inequality does not depend
on how you ask them},
Journal = {Judgment and Decision Making},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {393-394},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1930-2975},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000319657500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A large body of survey research offers evidence that
citizens are not always fully aware of the economic and
political realities in their respective countries. Norton
and Ariely (2011) extended this research to the domain of
wealth inequality, showing that Americans were surprisingly
unaware of the shape of the wealth distribution in America.
Using an alternative methodology, Eriksson and Simpson
(2012) found that asking Americans to estimate the average
wealth of quintiles, rather than the percent of wealth owned
by each quintile, led to relatively more accurate estimates.
We note, however, that the Eriksson and Simpson (2012)
results do not challenge Norton and Ariely's (2011)
conclusion that Americans desire a much more equal
distribution of wealth. © 2013. The authors license this
article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
3.0 License.},
Key = {fds265953}
}
@article{fds265955,
Author = {Sah, S and Elias, P and Ariely, D},
Title = {Investigation momentum: the relentless pursuit to resolve
uncertainty.},
Journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
Volume = {173},
Number = {10},
Pages = {932-933},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23588200},
Doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.401},
Key = {fds265955}
}
@article{fds266059,
Author = {Schwartz, J and Hadler, NM and Ariely, D and Huber, JC and Emerick,
T},
Title = {Choosing among employer-sponsored health plans: what drives
employee choices?},
Journal = {Journal of occupational and environmental
medicine},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {305-309},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23222507},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To probe employee basis for choosing
health plans.<h4>Methods</h4>In a Web study, 337 employees
from large private and public employers were asked to choose
among health plans varying on several common
dimensions.<h4>Results</h4>On per-dollar basis, respondents
were more willing to spend $3 to $4 on out-of-pocket
copayments than $1 on premiums. Nevertheless, sensitivity to
monthly premium is greatest among those who are younger and
cover only themselves, whereas sensitivity to the annual
deductible is greatest among nonwhite families.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Employees
are facing a complicated choice and might be well-served by
more information about the value of options under different
likelihood scenarios.},
Doi = {10.1097/jom.0b013e318279d74c},
Key = {fds266059}
}
@article{fds266055,
Author = {Inbar, Y and Pizarro, DA and Gilovich, T and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Moral masochism: on the connection between guilt and
self-punishment.},
Journal = {Emotion (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-18},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22985340},
Abstract = {Do people sometimes seek to atone for their transgressions
by harming themselves physically? The current results
suggest that they do. People who wrote about a past
guilt-inducing event inflicted more intense electric shocks
on themselves than did those who wrote about feeling sad or
about a neutral event. Moreover, the stronger the shocks
that guilty participants administered to themselves, the
more their feelings of guilt were alleviated. We discuss how
this method of atonement relates to other methods examined
in previous research.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0029749},
Key = {fds266055}
}
@article{fds266012,
Author = {Kotlyar, I and Ariely, D},
Title = {The effect of nonverbal cues on relationship
formation},
Journal = {Computers in Human Behavior},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {544-551},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.020},
Abstract = {An unprecedented number of relationships begin online,
propelling online dating into a billion-dollar industry.
However, while the online dating industry has created an
effective mechanism for matching and accessing profiles, it
has largely neglected the quality of communication between
individuals. We investigate whether the lack of nonverbal
cues (inherent in the text-based communication tools
commonly used by dating sites) hinders communication and
relationship formation. In this study, members of a dating
website interacted through one of four randomly assigned
versions of a text chat, where each version featured an
increasing number of nonverbal communication cues. A survey
was then administered regarding users' perceptions of each
other, the level and quality of information disclosure, and
their interest in developing a relationship with the other
person. Results suggest that restoring nonverbal cues
through the use of avatars can help improve online
interaction and relationship formation. Chat versions that
featured more nonverbal cues were associated with more
favorable perceptions, greater exchange of information, and
a stronger desire to pursue a relationship. While both
genders found nonverbal communication conducive to
developing a relationship, men and women reacted differently
to certain types of nonverbal communication. © 2012
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.020},
Key = {fds266012}
}
@article{fds265947,
Author = {Ariely, D and Bitran, G and e Oliveira, PR},
Title = {Design to learn: Customizing services when the future
matters},
Journal = {Pesquisa Operacional},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-61},
Publisher = {FapUNIFESP (SciELO)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0101-7438},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-74382013000100003},
Abstract = {Internet-based customization tools can be used to design
service encounters that maximize customers' utility in the
present or explore their tastes to provide more value in the
future, where these two goals conflict with each other.
Maximizing expected customer satisfaction in the present
leads to slow rates of learning that may limit the ability
to provide quality in the future. An emphasis on learning
can lead to unsatisfied customers that will not only forego
purchasing in the current period, but, more seriously, never
return if they lose trust in the service provider's ability
to meet their needs. This paper describes service design
policies that balance the objectives of learning and selling
by characterizing customer lifetime value as a function of
knowledge. The analysis of the customization problem as a
dynamic program yields three results. The first result is
the characterization of customization policies that quantify
the value of knowledge so as to adequately balance the
expected revenue of present and future interactions. The
second result is an analysis of the impact of operational
decisions on loyalty, learning, and profitability over time.
Finally, the quantification of the value of knowing the
customer provides a connection between customer acquisition
and retention policies, thus enhancing the current
understanding of the mechanisms connecting service
customization, value creation, and customer lifetime value.
© 2013 Brazilian Operations Research Society.},
Doi = {10.1590/S0101-74382013000100003},
Key = {fds265947}
}
@book{fds265912,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The (Honest) Truth about Dishonesty How We Lie to Everyone -
Especially Ourselves},
Pages = {314 pages},
Publisher = {HarperCollins},
Year = {2013},
ISBN = {9780007477333},
Abstract = {If you've ever wondered how a whole company can turn a
blind eye to evident misdemeanours within their ranks,
whether people are born dishonest and whether you can really
be successful by being totally, brutally honest, then Dan
Ariely has ...},
Key = {fds265912}
}
@article{fds265949,
Author = {Mazar, N and Koszegi, B and Ariely, D},
Title = {True context-dependent preferences? The causes of
market-dependent valuations},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {200-208},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1794},
Abstract = {A central assumption of neoclassical economics is that
reservation prices for familiar products express people's
true preferences for these products; that is, they represent
the total benefit that a good confers to the consumers and
are, thus, independent of actual prices in the market.
Nevertheless, a vast amount of research has shown that
valuations can be sensitive to other salient prices,
particularly when individuals are explicitly anchored on
them. In this paper, the authors extend previous research on
single-price anchoring and study the sensitivity of
valuations to the distribution of prices found for a product
in the market. In addition, they examine its possible
causes. They find that market-dependent valuations cannot be
fully explained by rational inferences consumers draw about
a product's value and are unlikely to be fully explained by
true market-dependent preferences. Rather, the market
dependence of valuations likely reflects consumers' focus on
something other than the total benefit that the product
confers to them. Furthermore, this paper shows that
market-dependent valuations persist when - as in many
real-life settings - individuals make repeated purchase
decisions over time and infer the distribution of the
product's prices from their market experience. Finally, the
authors consider the implications of their findings for
marketers and consumers. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.1794},
Key = {fds265949}
}
@article{fds265954,
Author = {Mochon, D and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Bolstering and restoring feelings of competence via the IKEA
effect},
Journal = {International Journal of Research in Marketing},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {363-369},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0167-8116},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313230000007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We examine the underlying process behind the IKEA effect,
which is defined as consumers' willingness to pay more for
self-created products than for identical products made by
others, and explore the factors that influence both
consumers' willingness to engage in self-creation and the
utility that they derive from such activities. We propose
that creating products fulfills consumers' psychological
need to signal competence to themselves and to others, and
that feelings of competence associated with self-created
products lead to their increased valuation. We demonstrate
that the feelings of competence that arise from assembling
products mediate their increased value (Experiment 1), that
affirming consumers' sense of self decreases the value they
derive from their creations (Experiment 2), and that
threatening consumers' sense of self increases their
propensity to make things themselves (Experiments 3A and
3B). © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijresmar.2012.05.001},
Key = {fds265954}
}
@article{fds266056,
Author = {Mather, M and Mazar, N and Gorlick, MA and Lighthall, NR and Burgeno, J and Schoeke, A and Ariely, D},
Title = {Risk preferences and aging: the "certainty effect" in older
adults' decision making.},
Journal = {Psychology and aging},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {801-816},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066800},
Abstract = {A prevalent stereotype is that people become less risk
taking and more cautious as they get older. However, in
laboratory studies, findings are mixed and often reveal no
age differences. In the current series of experiments, we
examined whether age differences in risk seeking are more
likely to emerge when choices include a certain option (a
sure gain or a sure loss). In four experiments, we found
that age differences in risk preferences only emerged when
participants were offered a choice between a risky and a
certain gamble but not when offered two risky gambles. In
particular, Experiments 1 and 2 included only gambles about
potential gains. Here, compared with younger adults, older
adults preferred a certain gain over a chance to win a
larger gain and thus, exhibited more risk aversion in the
domain of gains. But in Experiments 3 and 4, when offered
the chance to take a small sure loss rather than risking a
larger loss, older adults exhibited more risk seeking in the
domain of losses than younger adults. Both their greater
preference for sure gains and greater avoidance of sure
losses suggest that older adults weigh certainty more
heavily than younger adults. Experiment 4 also indicates
that older adults focus more on positive emotions than
younger adults do when considering their options, and that
this emotional shift can at least partially account for age
differences in how much people are swayed by certainty in
their choices.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0030174},
Key = {fds266056}
}
@article{fds266054,
Author = {Barkan, R and Ayal, S and Gino, F and Ariely, D},
Title = {The pot calling the kettle black: distancing response to
ethical dissonance.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. General},
Volume = {141},
Number = {4},
Pages = {757-773},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22409664},
Abstract = {Six studies demonstrate the "pot calling the kettle black"
phenomenon whereby people are guilty of the very fault they
identify in others. Recalling an undeniable ethical failure,
people experience ethical dissonance between their moral
values and their behavioral misconduct. Our findings
indicate that to reduce ethical dissonance, individuals use
a double-distancing mechanism. Using an overcompensating
ethical code, they judge others more harshly and present
themselves as more virtuous and ethical (Studies 1, 2, 3).
We show this mechanism is exclusive for ethical dissonance
and is not triggered by salience of ethicality (Study 4),
general sense of personal failure, or ethically neutral
cognitive dissonance (Study 5). Finally, it is characterized
by some boundary conditions (Study 6). We discuss the
theoretical contribution of this work to research on moral
regulation and ethical behavior.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0027588},
Key = {fds266054}
}
@article{fds265946,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Liar, liar},
Journal = {Foreign Policy},
Number = {195},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0015-7228},
Key = {fds265946}
}
@article{fds266058,
Author = {Shu, LL and Mazar, N and Gino, F and Ariely, D and Bazerman,
MH},
Title = {Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases
dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the
end.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {109},
Number = {38},
Pages = {15197-15200},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22927408},
Abstract = {Many written forms required by businesses and governments
rely on honest reporting. Proof of honest intent is
typically provided through signature at the end of, e.g.,
tax returns or insurance policy forms. Still, people
sometimes cheat to advance their financial self-interests-at
great costs to society. We test an easy-to-implement method
to discourage dishonesty: signing at the beginning rather
than at the end of a self-report, thereby reversing the
order of the current practice. Using laboratory and field
experiments, we find that signing before-rather than
after-the opportunity to cheat makes ethics salient when
they are needed most and significantly reduces
dishonesty.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1209746109},
Key = {fds266058}
}
@article{fds266057,
Author = {Woolhandler, S and Ariely, D and Himmelstein, DU},
Title = {Why pay for performance may be incompatible with quality
improvement.},
Journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
Volume = {345},
Pages = {e5015},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22893567},
Doi = {10.1136/bmj.e5015},
Key = {fds266057}
}
@article{fds265974,
Author = {Norton, MI and Mochon, D and Ariely, D},
Title = {The IKEA effect: When labor leads to love},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {453-460},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000306386800018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In four studies in which consumers assembled IKEA boxes,
folded origami, and built sets of Legos, we demonstrate and
investigate boundary conditions for the IKEA effect-the
increase in valuation of self-made products. Participants
saw their amateurish creations as similar in value to
experts' creations, and expected others to share their
opinions. We show that labor leads to love only when labor
results in successful completion of tasks; when participants
built and then destroyed their creations, or failed to
complete them, the IKEA effect dissipated. Finally, we show
that labor increases valuation for both "do-it-yourselfers"
and novices. © 2011 Society for Consumer
Psychology.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jcps.2011.08.002},
Key = {fds265974}
}
@article{fds266053,
Author = {Henninger, DE and Whitson, HE and Cohen, HJ and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Higher medical morbidity burden is associated with external
locus of control.},
Journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc},
Volume = {60},
Number = {4},
Pages = {751-755},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22458257},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To describe the association between an
increasing number of coexisting conditions and locus of
control (LOC), a psychological construct reflecting the
degree to which one perceives circumstances to be controlled
by personal actions (internal LOC) versus outside factors
(external LOC) in older adults. DESIGN: Cross-sectional
study using survey data from the North Carolina Established
Population for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (NC
EPESE) data set. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Three
thousand two hundred twelve community-dwelling adults aged
68 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Nine common medical conditions
were assessed according to self-report. LOC was measured
using a standard questionnaire. Analyses were adjusted for
demographics, functional status (self-reported activities of
daily living), cognition (Short Portable Mental Status
Questionnaire), and depression score (Center for
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). RESULTS: A higher
number of chronic conditions was associated with external
LOC (β = 0.37, P < .001). This relationship persisted after
adjustment for age, race, sex, functional status, cognition,
and depression (β = 0.17, P < .001). Most individual
conditions were not associated with LOC, although vision
impairment (P < .001) and arthritis (P = .02) were
associated with more-internal LOC. CONCLUSION: These results
suggest that medically complex patients tend to exhibit a
more-external LOC, meaning that they perceive little
personal control over circumstances and environment.
Clinicians should be aware of this tendency, because
external LOC may impede an older adult's willingness to
engage in the considerable task of managing multiple chronic
conditions.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.03904.x},
Key = {fds266053}
}
@article{fds265966,
Author = {Norton, MI and Dunn, EW and Carney, DR and Ariely,
D},
Title = {The persuasive " power" of stigma?},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {117},
Number = {2},
Pages = {261-268},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000300969100003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We predicted that able-bodied individuals and White
Americans would have a difficult time saying no to
persuasive appeals offered by disabled individuals and Black
Americans, due to their desire to make such interactions
proceed smoothly. In two experiments, we show that members
of stigmatized groups have a peculiar kind of persuasive "
power" in face-to-face interactions with non-stigmatized
individuals. In Experiment 1, wheelchair-bound confederates
were more effective in publicly soliciting donations to a
range of charities than confederates seated in a regular
chair. In Experiment 2, Whites changed their private
attitudes more following face-to-face appeals from Black
than White confederates, an effect mediated by their
increased efforts to appear agreeable by nodding and
expressing agreement. This difference was eliminated when
impression management concerns were minimized - when
participants viewed the appeals on video. © 2011 Elsevier
Inc..},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.08.002},
Key = {fds265966}
}
@article{fds266051,
Author = {Gino, F and Ariely, D},
Title = {The dark side of creativity: original thinkers can be more
dishonest.},
Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
Volume = {102},
Number = {3},
Pages = {445-459},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22121888},
Abstract = {Creativity is a common aspiration for individuals,
organizations, and societies. Here, however, we test whether
creativity increases dishonesty. We propose that a creative
personality and a creative mindset promote individuals'
ability to justify their behavior, which, in turn, leads to
unethical behavior. In 5 studies, we show that participants
with creative personalities tended to cheat more than less
creative individuals and that dispositional creativity is a
better predictor of unethical behavior than intelligence
(Experiment 1). In addition, we find that participants who
were primed to think creatively were more likely to behave
dishonestly than those in a control condition (Experiment 2)
and that greater ability to justify their dishonest behavior
explained the link between creativity and increased
dishonesty (Experiments 3 and 4). Finally, we demonstrate
that dispositional creativity moderates the influence of
temporarily priming creativity on dishonest behavior
(Experiment 5). The results provide evidence for an
association between creativity and dishonesty, thus
highlighting a dark side of creativity.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0026406},
Key = {fds266051}
}
@article{fds266052,
Author = {Schwartz, J and Riis, J and Elbel, B and Ariely, D},
Title = {Inviting consumers to downsize fast-food portions
significantly reduces calorie consumption.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {399-407},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323171},
Abstract = {Policies that mandate calorie labeling in fast-food and
chain restaurants have had little or no observable impact on
calorie consumption to date. In three field experiments, we
tested an alternative approach: activating consumers'
self-control by having servers ask customers if they wanted
to downsize portions of three starchy side dishes at a
Chinese fast-food restaurant. We consistently found that
14-33 percent of customers accepted the downsizing offer,
and they did so whether or not they were given a nominal
twenty-five-cent discount. Overall, those who accepted
smaller portions did not compensate by ordering more
calories in their entrées, and the total calories served to
them were, on average, reduced by more than 200. We also
found that accepting the downsizing offer did not change the
amount of uneaten food left at the end of the meal, so the
calorie savings during purchasing translated into calorie
savings during consumption. Labeling the calorie content of
food during one of the experiments had no measurable impact
on ordering behavior. If anything, the downsizing offer was
less effective in changing customers' ordering patterns with
the calorie labeling present. These findings highlight the
potential importance of portion-control interventions that
specifically activate consumers' self-control.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0224},
Key = {fds266052}
}
@misc{fds367437,
Author = {Bank, J and Cain, Z and Shoham, Y and Suen, C and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Turning personal calendars into scheduling
assistants},
Journal = {Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems -
Proceedings},
Volume = {2012-January},
Pages = {2667-2672},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2212776.2223854},
Abstract = {Personal calendars have long played a major role in time
management, but they have evolved little over the years, and
their contribution to productivity has stagnated. Inspired
by logical theories of intention as well as experimental
results on human productivity, and leveraging the power of
optimization algorithms, we seek to reinvent the digital
calendar. First, we increase the expressive power of
calendar systems by deriving new entity types that go beyond
simple events to better represent human intentions, plans,
and goals. Next, we build on social psychological research
to characterize the properties of a schedule best engineered
for human productivity. Finally, we develop an optimization
framework and algorithm to generate these schedules from a
set of entities. With these tools combined, we transform the
digital calendar from a passive repository into an active
scheduling assistant.},
Doi = {10.1145/2212776.2223854},
Key = {fds367437}
}
@article{fds311633,
Author = {Henninger, DE and Whitson, HE and Cohen, H and Ariely,
D},
Title = {HIGHER MEDICAL MORBIDITY BURDEN IS ASSOCIATED WITH EXTERNAL
LOCUS OF CONTROL},
Journal = {GERONTOLOGIST},
Volume = {51},
Pages = {56-56},
Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0016-9013},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000303602000255&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311633}
}
@article{fds265945,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: What was the question?},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {9},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265945}
}
@article{fds266047,
Author = {Norton, MI and Frost, JH and Ariely, D},
Title = {Does familiarity breed contempt or liking? Comment on Reis,
Maniaci, Caprariello, Eastwick, and Finkel
(2011).},
Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Pages = {571-574},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21859227},
Abstract = {Reis, Maniaci, Caprariello, Eastwick, and Finkel (see record
2011-04644-001) conducted 2 studies that demonstrate that in
certain cases, familiarity can lead to liking--in seeming
contrast to the results of our earlier article (see record
2006-23056-008). We believe that Reis et al. (a) utilized
paradigms far removed from spontaneous, everyday social
interactions that were particularly likely to demonstrate a
positive link between familiarity and liking and (b) failed
to include and incorporate other sources of data-both
academic and real-world-showing that familiarity breeds
contempt. We call for further research exploring when and
why familiarity is likely to lead to contempt or liking, and
we suggest several factors that are likely to inform this
debate.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0023202},
Key = {fds266047}
}
@article{fds266048,
Author = {Chance, Z and Norton, MI and Gino, F and Ariely, D},
Title = {Temporal view of the costs and benefits of
self-deception.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {108 Suppl 3},
Pages = {15655-15659},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21383150},
Abstract = {Researchers have documented many cases in which individuals
rationalize their regrettable actions. Four experiments
examine situations in which people go beyond merely
explaining away their misconduct to actively deceiving
themselves. We find that those who exploit opportunities to
cheat on tests are likely to engage in self-deception,
inferring that their elevated performance is a sign of
intelligence. This short-term psychological benefit of
self-deception, however, can come with longer-term costs:
when predicting future performance, participants expect to
perform equally well-a lack of awareness that persists even
when these inflated expectations prove costly. We show that
although people expect to cheat, they do not foresee
self-deception, and that factors that reinforce the benefits
of cheating enhance self-deception. More broadly, the
findings of these experiments offer evidence that debates
about the relative costs and benefits of self-deception are
informed by adopting a temporal view that assesses the
cumulative impact of self-deception over
time.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1010658108},
Key = {fds266048}
}
@article{fds311631,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {What Was The Question?},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {89},
Number = {9},
Pages = {36-36},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000294194600024&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311631}
}
@article{fds265992,
Author = {Gino, F and Schweitzer, ME and Mead, NL and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion
promotes unethical behavior},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {115},
Number = {2},
Pages = {191-203},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000291920100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Across four experimental studies, individuals who were
depleted of their self-regulatory resources by an initial
act of self-control were more likely to " impulsively cheat"
than individuals whose self-regulatory resources were
intact. Our results demonstrate that individuals depleted of
self-control resources were more likely to behave
dishonestly (Study 1). Depletion reduced people's moral
awareness when they faced the opportunity to cheat, which,
in turn, was responsible for heightened cheating (Study 2).
Individuals high in moral identity, however, did not show
elevated levels of cheating when they were depleted (Study
3), supporting our hypothesis that self-control depletion
increases cheating when it robs people of the executive
resources necessary to identify an act as immoral or
unethical. Our results also show that resisting unethical
behavior both requires and depletes self-control resources
(Study 4). Taken together, our findings help to explain how
otherwise ethical individuals predictably engage in
unethical behavior. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.03.001},
Key = {fds265992}
}
@book{fds265911,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The Upside of Irrationality The Unexpected Benefits of
Defying Logic},
Pages = {368 pages},
Publisher = {Harper Perennial},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780061995040},
Abstract = {The Upside of Irrationality will change the way we see
ourselves at work and at home—and cast our irrational
behaviors in a more nuanced light.},
Key = {fds265911}
}
@article{fds265944,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: The upside of useless stuff},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265944}
}
@article{fds311637,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The Upside of Useless Stuff},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Pages = {48-48},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000289708500035&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311637}
}
@article{fds265943,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: In praise of the handshake},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265943}
}
@article{fds265996,
Author = {Mochon, D and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Who Benefits from Religion?},
Journal = {Social Indicators Research},
Volume = {101},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-15},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0303-8300},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000286832000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Many studies have documented the benefits of religious
involvement. Indeed, highly religious people tend to be
healthier, live longer, and have higher levels of subjective
well-being. While religious involvement offers clear
benefits to many, in this paper we explore whether it may
also be detrimental to some. Specifically, we examine in
detail the relation between religious involvement and
subjective well-being. We first replicate prior findings
showing a positive relation between religiosity and
subjective well-being. However, our results also suggest
that this relation may be more complex than previously
thought. While fervent believers benefit from their
involvement, those with weaker beliefs are actually less
happy than those who do not ascribe to any religion-atheists
and agnostics. These results may help explain why-in spite
of the well-documented benefits of religion-an increasing
number of people are abandoning their faith. As commitment
wanes, religious involvement may become detrimental to
well-being, and individuals may be better off seeking new
affiliations. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11205-010-9637-0},
Key = {fds265996}
}
@article{fds311630,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {In Praise of The Handshake},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Pages = {40-40},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000287429200040&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311630}
}
@article{fds265941,
Author = {Ariely, D and Brown, T and Capelli, P and Davenport, TH and Duflo, E and Araoz, CF and Gratton, L and Govindarajan, V and Hackman, JR and Ibarra,
H and Kedrosky, P and Lafley, AG and Li, C and Ma, J and Manzoni, JF and Pink,
D and Porter, ME and Schein, EH and Schmidt, E and Schwab, K and Shirky, C and Stiglitz, JE and Sutton, RI and Tyson, LD},
Title = {The HBR agenda},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {1-2},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265941}
}
@article{fds265968,
Author = {Amar, M and Ariely, D and Ayal, S and Cryder, CE and Rick,
SI},
Title = {Winning the battle but losing the war: The psychology of
debt management},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {48},
Number = {SPEC. ISSUE},
Pages = {S38-S50},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000296317200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {When consumers carry multiple debts, how do they decide
which debt to repay first? Normatively, consumers should
repay the debt with the highest interest rate most quickly.
However, because people tend to break complicated tasks into
more manageable parts, and because losses are most
distressing when segregated, the authors hypothesize that
people will pay off the smallest loan first to reduce the
total number of outstanding loans and achieve a sense of
tangible progress toward debt repayment. To experimentally
examine how consumers manage multiple debts, the authors
develop an incentive-compatible debt management game, in
which participants are saddled with multiple debts and need
to decide how to repay them over time. Consistent with the
hypothesis, four experiments reveal evidence of debt account
aversion: Participants consistently pay off small debts
first, even though the larger debts have higher interest
rates. The authors also find that restricting participants'
ability to completely pay off small debts, and focusing
their attention on the amount of interest each debt has
accumulated, helps them reduce overall debt more quickly. ©
2011, American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.48.SPL.S38},
Key = {fds265968}
}
@article{fds265970,
Author = {Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {From thinking too little to thinking too much: a continuum
of decision making.},
Journal = {Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive
science},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-46},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1939-5078},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000298174800004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Due to the sheer number and variety of decisions that people
make in their everyday lives-from choosing yogurts to
choosing religions to choosing spouses-research in judgment
and decision making has taken many forms. We suggest,
however, that much of this research has been conducted under
two broad rubrics: The study of thinking too little (as with
the literature on heuristics and biases), and the study of
thinking too much (as with the literature on decision
analysis). In this review, we focus on the different types
of decision errors that result from both modes of thought.
For thinking too little, we discuss research exploring the
ways in which habits can lead people to make suboptimal
decisions; for thinking too much, we discuss research
documenting the ways in which careful consideration of
attributes, and careful consideration of options, can do the
same. We end by suggesting that decision makers may do well,
when making any decision, to consider whether they are
facing a 'thinking too much' or 'thinking too little'
problem and adjust accordingly. WIREs Cogn Sci 2011 2 39-46
DOI: 10.1002/wcs.90 For further resources related to this
article, please visit the WIREs website.},
Doi = {10.1002/wcs.90},
Key = {fds265970}
}
@article{fds265978,
Author = {Schwartz, J and Luce, MF and Ariely, D},
Title = {Are consumers too trusting? The effects of relationships
with expert advisers},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {48},
Number = {SPEC. ISSUE},
Pages = {S163-S174},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.48.SPL.S163},
Abstract = {Many important and complex consumer decisions rely on the
advice of trusted professional experts. Many experts,
however, such as doctors, financial advisers, and
accountants, may be prone to conflicts of interest. As such,
consumers may seek a second opinion. A series of studies
investigate consumers' reluctance to seek additional advice
in the context of having an ongoing relationship with one
expert service provider. The authors find evidence in health
care claims that long-term relationships contribute to more
expensive, but not necessarily better, treatment. In
addition, a series of experiments show that people recognize
when they could benefit from a second opinion but are more
reluctant to do so when thinking about their own providers
rather than someone else's. Further studies test a
relationship maintenance hypothesis and show that consumers'
reluctance to seek second opinions is partially driven by
their motivation to preserve relationship harmony, even when
it is at their own personal expense and well-being. Taken
together, these results provide important insight into the
potential limitations and consequences of longstanding
relationships between consumers and experts. © 2011,
American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.48.SPL.S163},
Key = {fds265978}
}
@article{fds265985,
Author = {Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Building a Better America-One Wealth Quintile at a
Time.},
Journal = {Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the
Association for Psychological Science},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-12},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1745-6916},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000287080100003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Disagreements about the optimal level of wealth inequality
underlie policy debates ranging from taxation to welfare. We
attempt to insert the desires of "regular" Americans into
these debates, by asking a nationally representative online
panel to estimate the current distribution of wealth in the
United States and to "build a better America" by
constructing distributions with their ideal level of
inequality. First, respondents dramatically underestimated
the current level of wealth inequality. Second, respondents
constructed ideal wealth distributions that were far more
equitable than even their erroneously low estimates of the
actual distribution. Most important from a policy
perspective, we observed a surprising level of consensus:
All demographic groups-even those not usually associated
with wealth redistribution such as Republicans and the
wealthy-desired a more equal distribution of wealth than the
status quo.},
Doi = {10.1177/1745691610393524},
Key = {fds265985}
}
@article{fds265942,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: Work Pray Love},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {12},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265942}
}
@article{fds265988,
Author = {Hitsch, GJ and Hortaçsu, A and Ariely, D},
Title = {What makes you click?-mate preferences in online
dating},
Journal = {Quantitative Marketing and Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {393-427},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1570-7156},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000285201300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We estimate mate preferences using a novel data set from an
online dating service. The data set contains detailed
information on user attributes and the decision to contact a
potential mate after viewing his or her profile. This
decision provides the basis for our preference estimation
approach. A potential problem arises if the site users
strategically shade their true preferences. We provide a
simple test and a bias correction method for strategic
behavior. The main findings are (i) There is no evidence for
strategic behavior. (ii) Men and women have a strong
preference for similarity along many (but not all)
attributes. (iii) In particular, the site users display
strong same-race preferences. Race preferences do not differ
across users with different age, income, or education levels
in the case of women, and differ only slightly in the case
of men. For men, but not for women, the revealed same-race
preferences correspond to the same-race preference stated in
the users’ profile. (iv) There are gender differences in
mate preferences; in particular, women have a stronger
preference than men for income over physical
attributes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11129-010-9088-6},
Key = {fds265988}
}
@article{fds311639,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Good Decisions. Bad Outcomes.},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {88},
Number = {12},
Pages = {40-40},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284393900033&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311639}
}
@article{fds311636,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Want People to Save? Force Them},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {88},
Number = {9},
Pages = {36-36},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000281093900010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311636}
}
@article{fds265940,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: You are what you measure},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {6},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265940}
}
@article{fds266050,
Author = {Dai, X and Brendl, CM and Ariely, D},
Title = {Wanting, liking, and preference construction.},
Journal = {Emotion (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {324-334},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20515222},
Abstract = {According to theories on preference construction, multiple
preferences result from multiple contexts (e.g., loss vs.
gain frames). This implies that people can have different
representations of a preference in different contexts.
Drawing on Berridge's (1999) distinction between unconscious
liking and wanting, we hypothesize that people may have
multiple representations of a preference toward an object
even within a single context. Specifically, we propose that
people can have different representations of an object's
motivational value, or incentive value, versus its emotional
value, or likability, even when the object is placed in the
same context. Study 1 establishes a divergence between
incentive value and likability of faces using behavioral
measures. Studies 2A and 2B, using self-report measures,
provide support for our main hypothesis that people are
perfectly aware of these distinct representations and are
able to access them concurrently at will. We also discuss
implications of our findings for the truism that people seek
pleasure and for expectancy-value theories.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0017987},
Key = {fds266050}
}
@article{fds311638,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {You Are What You Measure},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {88},
Number = {6},
Pages = {38-38},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000277761400019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311638}
}
@article{fds266045,
Author = {Gino, F and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {The counterfeit self: the deceptive costs of faking
it.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {712-720},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20483851},
Abstract = {Although people buy counterfeit products to signal positive
traits, we show that wearing counterfeit products makes
individuals feel less authentic and increases their
likelihood of both behaving dishonestly and judging others
as unethical. In four experiments, participants wore
purportedly fake or authentically branded sunglasses. Those
wearing fake sunglasses cheated more across multiple tasks
than did participants wearing authentic sunglasses, both
when they believed they had a preference for counterfeits
(Experiment 1a) and when they were randomly assigned to wear
them (Experiment 1b). Experiment 2 shows that the effects of
wearing counterfeit sunglasses extend beyond the self,
influencing judgments of other people's unethical behavior.
Experiment 3 demonstrates that the feelings of
inauthenticity that wearing fake products engenders-what we
term the counterfeit self-mediate the impact of counterfeits
on unethical behavior. Finally, we show that people do not
predict the impact of counterfeits on ethicality; thus, the
costs of counterfeits are deceptive.},
Doi = {10.1177/0956797610366545},
Key = {fds266045}
}
@article{fds265939,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: Why businesses don't experiment},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265939}
}
@article{fds266046,
Author = {Ariely, D and Berns, GS},
Title = {Neuromarketing: the hope and hype of neuroimaging in
business.},
Journal = {Nature reviews. Neuroscience},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {284-292},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20197790},
Abstract = {The application of neuroimaging methods to product marketing
- neuromarketing - has recently gained considerable
popularity. We propose that there are two main reasons for
this trend. First, the possibility that neuroimaging will
become cheaper and faster than other marketing methods; and
second, the hope that neuroimaging will provide marketers
with information that is not obtainable through conventional
marketing methods. Although neuroimaging is unlikely to be
cheaper than other tools in the near future, there is
growing evidence that it may provide hidden information
about the consumer experience. The most promising
application of neuroimaging methods to marketing may come
before a product is even released - when it is just an idea
being developed.},
Doi = {10.1038/nrn2795},
Key = {fds266046}
}
@article{fds311632,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Why Businesses Don't Experiment},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Pages = {34-34},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275778200020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311632}
}
@article{fds266009,
Author = {Hitsch, GJ and Hortaçsu, A and Ariely, D},
Title = {Matching and sorting in online dating},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-163},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000276580100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Using data on user attributes and interactions from an
online dating site, we estimate mate preferences, and use
the Gale-Shapley algorithm to predict stable matches. The
predicted matches are similar to the actual matches achieved
by the dating site, and the actual matches are approximately
efficient. Out-of-sample predictions of offline matches,
i.e., marriages, exhibit assortative mating patterns similar
to those observed in actual marriages. Thus, mate
preferences, without resort to search frictions, can
generate sorting in marriages. However, we underpredict some
of the correlation patterns; search frictions may play a
role in explaining the discrepancy.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.100.1.130},
Key = {fds266009}
}
@article{fds266041,
Author = {Addessi, E and Mancini, A and Crescimbene, L and Ariely, D and Visalberghi, E},
Title = {How to spend a token? Trade-offs between food variety and
food preference in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus
apella).},
Journal = {Behavioural processes},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3},
Pages = {267-275},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20026196},
Abstract = {Humans and non-human animals often choose among different
alternatives by seeking variety. Here we assessed whether
variety-seeking, i.e. the tendency to look for diversity in
services and goods, occurs in capuchin monkeys--South-American
primates which--as humans--are omnivorous and susceptible to
food monotony. Capuchins chose between a Variety-token, that
allowed to select one among 10 different foods (one
more-preferred and nine less-preferred) and a
Monotony-token, that--upon exchange with the
experimenter--either allowed to select one among 10 units of
the same more-preferred food or gave access to one unit of
the more-preferred food. To examine how food preference
affects variety-seeking, in the B-condition we presented
nine moderately preferred foods, whereas in the C-condition
we presented nine low-preferred foods. Overall, capuchins
preferred the Variety-token over the Monotony-token and
often selected one of the less-preferred foods. These
results suggest that variety-seeking is rooted in our
evolutionary history, and that it satisfies the need of
experiencing stimulation from the environment; at the
ultimate level, variety-seeking may allow the organism to
exploit novel foods and obtain a correct nutritional intake.
Finally, variety-seeking could have contributed to the
transition from barter to money in many human
cultures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.beproc.2009.12.012},
Key = {fds266041}
}
@article{fds265938,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Column: The long-term effects of short-term
emotions},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1-2},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
Key = {fds265938}
}
@article{fds266044,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The long-term effects of short-term emotions.},
Journal = {Harvard business review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20088370},
Key = {fds266044}
}
@article{fds266049,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The long-term effects of short-term emotions.},
Journal = {Harvard business review},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {38},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20648875},
Key = {fds266049}
}
@misc{fds311627,
Author = {Carlson, KA and Wolfe, J and Ariely, D and Huber,
J},
Title = {The Budget Contraction Effect: Cutting Categories to Cope
with Shrinking Budgets},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN CONSUMER RESEARCH, VOL XXXVII},
Volume = {37},
Pages = {720-720},
Publisher = {ASSOC CONSUMER RESEARCH},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-915552-65-8},
ISSN = {0098-9258},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000315535000244&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311627}
}
@article{fds265967,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {A Manager s guide to human irrationalities},
Journal = {MIT Sloan Management Review},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {53-+},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1532-9194},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000262600500018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Ariely's insights should make executives think twice about
the wisdom of the decisions they regularly make - as well as
the inner processes they rely on to make those decisions.
Why, for example, will managers veto a 10% cost increase for
a $1 million project while thinking nothing of a 1% overrun
on a $10 million budget - even though the actual amount is
the same? Why will they often agonize trying to choose
between two close alternatives when they're frequently
better off just flipping a coin? In this wide-ranging
interview, Ariely talks about how Apple Inc.'s initial
decision to price the iPhone at $600 only to drop it to $400
soon after might not have been a mistake but instead a very
shrewd marketing maneuver. He also explains why a product
monopoly might not necessarily be desirable because it can
lead to consumer confusion, resulting in slow sales. With
regards to hiring practices, Ariely strongly questions the
interviewing processes routinely used and asserts that some
companies might be better off hiring graduates from
reputable colleges at random. Toward the end of the
interview, he describes his research that has investigated
ways in which teams might be better able to make group
decisions. Lastly, Ariely explains one of his most valuable
managerial insights - that adding even just a little meaning
to employees' work will often increase their motivation
enormously. Copyright © Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 2009. All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds265967}
}
@misc{fds265961,
Author = {Tal, A and Ariely, D},
Title = {I really want to like it: Motivated liking},
Journal = {Advances in Consumer Research},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {937-939},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {978-0-915552-63-4},
ISSN = {0098-9258},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000272831500424&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds265961}
}
@article{fds265987,
Author = {Lee, L and Amir, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {In search of homo economicus: Cognitive noise and the role
of emotion in preference consistency},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-187},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000269564200003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Understanding the role of emotion in forming preferences is
critical in helping firms choose effective marketing
strategies and consumers make appropriate consumption
decisions. In five experiments, participants made a set of
binary product choices under conditions designed to induce
different degrees of emotional decision processing. The
results consistently indicate that greater reliance on
emotional reactions during decision making is associated
with greater preference consistency and less cognitive
noise. Additionally, the results of a meta-analytical study
based on data from all five experiments further show that
products that elicit a stronger emotional response are more
likely to yield consistent preferences. © 2009 by JOURNAL
OF CONSUMER RESEARCH, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1086/597160},
Key = {fds265987}
}
@article{fds265937,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The end of rational economics},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {7},
Pages = {78-+},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000267409600016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Standard economic theory assumes that human beings are
capable of making rational decisions and that markets and
institutions, in the aggregate, are healthily
self-regulating. But the global economic crisis, argues
Ariely, has shattered, these two articles of faith and
forced, us to confront our false assumptions about the way
markets, companies, and people work. So where do corporate
managers-who are schooled in rational assumptions but run
messy, often unpredictable businesses-go from here? In this
lively article, the author, a professor of behavioral
economics at Duke University, shows how the emerging
discipline of behavioral economics can help businesses
better defend, against foolishness and waste. Smart
organizations will develop a behavioral economics capability
by hiring qualified experimenters and conducting small
trials that build on one another, revealing a radically
different view of how people make decisions. Revenge and
cheating are only two of the irrational behaviors that
companies will find underlying their employees' and
customers' actions. Once an understanding of irrationality
is embedded in the fabric of an organization, a behavioral
economics approach can be applied to virtually every area of
the business, from governance and employee relations to
marketing and customer service. © 2009 Harvard Business
School Publishing Corporation. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds265937}
}
@article{fds265979,
Author = {Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {How concepts affect consumption},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {6},
Pages = {14-+},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000266153200002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds265979}
}
@article{fds266005,
Author = {Bertini, M and Ofek, E and Ariely, D},
Title = {The impact of add-on features on consumer product
evaluations},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-28},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000265388900002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The research presented in this article provides evidence
that add-on features sold to enhance a product can be more
than just discretionary benefits. We argue that consumers
draw inferences from the mere availability of add-ons, which
in turn lead to significant changes in the perceived utility
of the base good itself. Specifically, we propose that the
improvements supplied by add-ons can be classified as either
alignable or nonalignable and that they have opposing
effects on evaluation. A set of four experiments with
different product categories confirms this prediction. In
addition, we show that the amount of product information
available to consumers and expectations about product
composition play important moderating roles. From a
practical standpoint, these results highlight the need for
firms to be mindful of the behavioral implications of making
add-ons readily available in the marketplace. © 2008 by
Journal Of Consumer Research.},
Doi = {10.1086/596717},
Key = {fds266005}
}
@article{fds266040,
Author = {Yamamoto, R and Ariely, D and Chi, W and Langleben, DD and Elman,
I},
Title = {Gender differences in the motivational processing of babies
are determined by their facial attractiveness.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {4},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e6042},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19554100},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>This study sought to determine how
esthetic appearance of babies may affect their motivational
processing by the adults.<h4>Methodology and principal
findings</h4>Healthy men and women were administered two
laboratory-based tasks: a) key pressing to change the
viewing time of normal-looking babies and of those with
abnormal facial features (e.g., cleft palate, strabismus,
skin disorders, Down's syndrome and fetal alcohol syndrome)
and b) attractiveness ratings of these images. Exposure to
the babies' images produced two different response patterns:
for normal babies, there was a similar effort by the two
groups to extend the visual processing with lower
attractiveness ratings by men; for abnormal babies, women
exerted greater effort to shorten the viewing time despite
attractiveness ratings comparable to the
men.<h4>Conclusions</h4>These results indicate that gender
differences in the motivational processing of babies include
excessive (relative to the esthetic valuation) motivation to
extend the viewing time of normal babies by men vs.
shortening the exposure to the abnormal babies by women.
Such gender-specific incentive sensitization phenomenon may
reflect an evolutionary-derived need for diversion of
limited resources to the nurturance of healthy
offspring.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0006042},
Key = {fds266040}
}
@article{fds265993,
Author = {Andrade, EB and Ariely, D},
Title = {The enduring impact of transient emotions on decision
making},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000266114800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {People often do not realize they are being influenced by an
incidental emotional state. As a result, decisions based on
a fleeting incidental emotion can become the basis for
future decisions and hence outlive the original cause for
the behavior (i.e., the emotion itself). Using a sequence of
ultimatum and dictator games, we provide empirical evidence
for the enduring impact of transient emotions on economic
decision making. Behavioral consistency and false consensus
are presented as potential underlying processes. © 2009
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.02.003},
Key = {fds265993}
}
@article{fds266015,
Author = {Maciejovsky, B and Budescu, DV and Ariely, D},
Title = {The researcher as a consumer of scientific publications: How
do name-ordering conventions affect inferences about
contribution credits?},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {589-598},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1080.0406},
Abstract = {When researchers from different fields with different norms
collaborate, the question arises of how name-ordering
conventions are chosen and how they affect contribution
credits. In this paper, we answer these questions by
studying two disciplines that exemplify the two cornerstones
of name-ordering conventions: lexicographical ordering
(i.e., alphabetical ordering, endorsed in economics) and
nonlexicographical ordering (i.e., ordering according to
individual contributions, endorsed in psychology).
Inferences about credits are unambiguous in the latter
arrangement but imperfect in the former, because
alphabetical listing can reflect ordering according to
individual contributions by chance. We contrast the fields
of economics and psychology with marketing, a discipline
heavily influenced by both. Based on archival data,
consisting of more than 38,000 journal articles, we show
that the three fields have different ordering practices. In
two empirical studies with 351 faculty and graduate student
participants from all three disciplines, as well as in a
computer simulation, we show that ordering practices
systematically affect and shape the allocation of perceived
contributions and credit. Whereas strong disciplinary norms
in economics and psychology govern the allocation of
contribution credits, a more heterogeneous picture emerges
for marketing. This lack of strong norms has detrimental
effects in terms of assigned contribution credits. © 2009
INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.1080.0406},
Key = {fds266015}
}
@article{fds266010,
Author = {Ariely, D and Bracha, A and Meier, S},
Title = {Doing good or doing well? Image motivation and monetary
incentives in behaving prosocially},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {544-555},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000264785500022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.99.1.544},
Key = {fds266010}
}
@article{fds266042,
Author = {Gino, F and Ayal, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Contagion and differentiation in unethical behavior: the
effect of one bad apple on the barrel.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {393-398},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19254236},
Abstract = {In a world where encounters with dishonesty are frequent, it
is important to know if exposure to other people's unethical
behavior can increase or decrease an individual's
dishonesty. In Experiment 1, our confederate cheated
ostentatiously by finishing a task impossibly quickly and
leaving the room with the maximum reward. In line with
social-norms theory, participants' level of unethical
behavior increased when the confederate was an in-group
member, but decreased when the confederate was an out-group
member. In Experiment 2, our confederate instead asked a
question about cheating, which merely strengthened the
saliency of this possibility. This manipulation decreased
the level of unethical behavior among the other group
members. These results suggest that individuals'
unethicality does not depend on the simple calculations of
cost-benefit analysis, but rather depends on the social
norms implied by the dishonesty of others and also on the
saliency of dishonesty.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02306.x},
Key = {fds266042}
}
@article{fds266039,
Author = {Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {Conceptual consumption.},
Journal = {Annual review of psychology},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {475-499},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0066-4308},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18764765},
Abstract = {As technology has simplified meeting basic needs, humans
have cultivated increasingly psychological avenues for
occupying their consumption energies, moving from consuming
food to consuming concepts; we propose that consideration of
such "conceptual consumption" is essential for understanding
human consumption. We first review how four classes of
conceptual consumption-consuming expectancies, goals,
fluency, and regulatory fit-impact physical consumption.
Next, we benchmark the power of conceptual consumption
against physical consumption, reviewing research in which
people forgo positive physical consumption-and even choose
negative physical consumption-in order to engage in
conceptual consumption. Finally, we outline how conceptual
consumption informs research examining both preference
formation and virtual consumption, and how it may be used to
augment efforts to enhance consumer welfare.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163536},
Key = {fds266039}
}
@article{fds266043,
Author = {Mead, NL and Baumeister, RF and Gino, F and Schweitzer, ME and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Too Tired to Tell the Truth: Self-Control Resource Depletion
and Dishonesty.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental social psychology},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {594-597},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1031},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20047023},
Abstract = {The opportunity to profit from dishonesty evokes a
motivational conflict between the temptation to cheat for
selfish gain and the desire to act in a socially appropriate
manner. Honesty may depend on self-control given that
self-control is the capacity that enables people to override
antisocial selfish responses in favor of socially desirable
responses. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that
dishonesty would increase when people's self-control
resources were depleted by an initial act of self-control.
Depleted participants misrepresented their performance for
monetary gain to a greater extent than did non-depleted
participants (Experiment 1). Perhaps more troubling,
depleted participants were more likely than non-depleted
participants to expose themselves to the temptation to
cheat, thereby aggravating the effects of depletion on
cheating (Experiment 2). Results indicate that dishonesty
increases when people's capacity to exert self-control is
impaired, and that people may be particularly vulnerable to
this effect because they do not predict it.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2009.02.004},
Key = {fds266043}
}
@article{fds266000,
Author = {Ariely, D and Gneezy, U and Loewenstein, G and Mazar,
N},
Title = {Large Stakes and Big Mistakes},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {451-469},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000264739100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Workers in a wide variety of jobs are paid based on
performance, which is commonly seen as enhancing effort and
productivity relative to non-contingent pay schemes.
However, psychological research suggests that excessive
rewards can, in some cases, result in a decline in
performance. To test whether very high monetary rewards can
decrease performance, we conducted a set of experiments in
the U.S. and in India in which subjects worked on different
tasks and received performance-contingent payments that
varied in amount from small to very large relative to their
typical levels of pay. With some important exceptions, very
high reward levels had a detrimental effect on performance.
Copyright , Wiley-Blackwell.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00534.x},
Key = {fds266000}
}
@misc{fds265983,
Author = {Ratner, RK and Soman, D and Zauberman, G and Ariely, D and Carmon, Z and Keller, PA and Kim, BK and Lin, F and Malkoc, S and Small, DA and Wertenbroch, K},
Title = {How behavioral decision research can enhance consumer
welfare: From freedom of choice to paternalistic
intervention},
Journal = {Marketing Letters},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {383-397},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0923-0645},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000260250300014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Decision-making researchers have largely focused on showing
errors and biases in consumers' decision-making processes
without paying much attention to the social welfare and
policy implications of these systematic behaviors. In this
paper, we explore how findings and methods in behavioral
decision research can be used to help consumers improve
their decision making and enhance their well-being. We first
review select findings in behavioral decision research to
explain why consumers need help in decisions, and based on
these findings, suggest various interventions that could be
effective within the scope of libertarian paternalism.
Ethics and effectiveness of the interventions are also
discussed. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11002-008-9044-3},
Key = {fds265983}
}
@article{fds265990,
Author = {Mochon, D and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Getting off the hedonic treadmill, one step at a time: The
impact of regular religious practice and exercise on
well-being},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {29},
Number = {5},
Pages = {632-642},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-4870},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000260976500003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Many studies have shown that few events in life have a
lasting impact on subjective well-being because of people's
tendency to adapt quickly; worse, those events that do have
a lasting impact tend to be negative. We suggest that while
major events may not provide lasting increases in
well-being, certain seemingly minor events - such as
attending religious services or exercising - may do so by
providing small but frequent boosts: if people engage in
such behaviors with sufficient frequency, they may
cumulatively experience enough boosts to attain higher
well-being. In Study 1, we surveyed places of worship for 12
religions and found that people did receive positive boosts
for attending service, and that these boosts appeared to be
cumulative: the more they reported attending, the happier
they were. In Study 2, we generalized these effects to other
regular activities, demonstrating that people received
boosts for exercise and yoga, and that these boosts too had
a cumulative positive impact on well-being. We suggest that
shifting focus from the impact of major life changes on
well-being to the impact of seemingly minor repeated
behaviors is crucial for understanding how best to improve
well-being. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.joep.2007.10.004},
Key = {fds265990}
}
@article{fds266013,
Author = {Amir, O and Ariely, D and Carmon, Z},
Title = {The dissociation between monetary assessment and predicted
utility},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1055-1064},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1080.0364},
Abstract = {We study the dissociation between two common measures of
value - monetary assessment of purchase options versus the
predicted utility associated with owning or consuming those
options, a disparity that is reflected in well-known
judgment anomalies and that is important for interpreting
market research data. We propose that a significant cause of
this dissociation is the difference in how these two types
of evaluations are formed - each is informed by different
types of information. Thus, dissociation between these two
types of measures should not be interpreted as failure to
map utility onto money, as such mapping is not really
attempted. We suggest that monetary assessment tends to
focus on the transaction in which the purchase alternative
would be acquired or forgone (e.g., how fair the transaction
seems), failing to adequately reflect the purchase
alternative itself (e.g., the expected pleasure of owning or
consuming it), which is what informs predicted utility
judgments. We illustrate the value of this idea by deriving
and testing empirical predictions of disparities in the
impact of different types of information and manipulations
on the two types of value assessment. © 2008
INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.1080.0364},
Key = {fds266013}
}
@article{fds266038,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Better than average? When can we say that subsampling of
items is better than statistical summary
representations?},
Journal = {Perception & psychophysics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1325-1326},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0031-5117},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18927014},
Abstract = {Myczek and Simons (2008) have described a computational
model that subsamples a few items from a set with high
accuracy, showing that this approach can do as well as, or
better than, a model that captures statistical
representations of the set. Although this is an intriguing
existence proof, some caution should be taken before we
consider their approach as a model for human behavior. In
particular, I propose that such simulation-based research
should be based on a more expanded range of phenomena and
that it should include more accurate representations of
errors in judgments.},
Doi = {10.3758/pp.70.7.1325},
Key = {fds266038}
}
@article{fds265963,
Author = {Ariely, D and Kamenica, E and Prelec, D},
Title = {Man's search for meaning: The case of Legos},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {671-677},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000259665400009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We investigate how perceived meaning influences labor
supply. In a laboratory setting, we manipulate the perceived
meaning of simple, repetitive tasks and find a strong
influence on subjects' labor supply. Despite the fact that
the wage and the task are identical across the conditions in
each experiment, subjects in the less meaningful conditions
exhibit reservation wages that are consistently much higher
than the subjects in the more meaningful conditions. The
result replicates across different types of tasks. Moreover,
in the more meaningful conditions, subjects' productivity
influences labor supply more strongly. © 2008 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2008.01.004},
Key = {fds265963}
}
@article{fds266016,
Author = {Simonsohn, U and Ariely, D},
Title = {When rational sellers face nonrational buyers: Evidence from
herding on eBay},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {54},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1624-1637},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1080.0881},
Abstract = {People often observe others' decisions before deciding
themselves. Using eBay data for DVD auctions we explore the
consequences of neglecting nonsalient information when
making such inferences. We show that bidders herd into
auctions with more existing bids, even if these are a signal
of no-longer-available lower starting prices rather than of
higher quality. Bidders bidding a given dollar amount are
less likely to win low starting price auctions, and pay more
for them when they do win. Experienced bidders are less
likely to bid on low starting price auctions. Remarkably,
the seller side of the market is in equilibrium, because
expected revenues are nearly identical for high and low
starting prices. © 2008 INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.1080.0881},
Key = {fds266016}
}
@article{fds266037,
Author = {Amir, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {Resting on laurels: the effects of discrete progress markers
as subgoals on task performance and preferences.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and
cognition},
Volume = {34},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1158-1171},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0278-7393},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18763898},
Abstract = {This article investigates the influence of progress
certainty and discrete progress markers (DPMs) on
performance and preferences. The authors suggest that the
effects of DPMs depend on whether progress certainty is high
or low. When the distance to the goal is uncertain, DPMs can
help reduce uncertainty and thus improve performance and
increase preference. However, when the distance to the goal
is certain, DPMs may generate complacency, sway motivation
away from the end goal, and decrease performance in the
task, as well as its appeal. Therefore, the addition of more
information, feedback, or progress indicators may not always
improve task performance and preference for the task. The
authors validate these claims in 4 experiments.},
Doi = {10.1037/a0012857},
Key = {fds266037}
}
@article{fds266036,
Author = {Lee, L and Loewenstein, G and Ariely, D and Hong, J and Young,
J},
Title = {If I'm not hot, are you hot or not? Physical attractiveness
evaluations and dating preferences as a function of one's
own attractiveness.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {19},
Number = {7},
Pages = {669-677},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18727782},
Abstract = {Prior research has established that people's own physical
attractiveness affects their selection of romantic partners.
This article provides further support for this effect and
also examines a different, yet related, question: When less
attractive people accept less attractive dates, do they
persuade themselves that the people they choose to date are
more physically attractive than others perceive them to be?
Our analysis of data from the popular Web site
http://HOTorNOT.com suggests that this is not the case: Less
attractive people do not delude themselves into thinking
that their dates are more physically attractive than others
perceive them to be. Furthermore, the results also show that
males, compared with females, are less affected by their own
attractiveness when choosing whom to date.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02141.x},
Key = {fds266036}
}
@article{fds265972,
Author = {Levy, B and Ariely, D and Mazar, N and Chi, W and Lukas, S and Elman,
I},
Title = {Gender differences in the motivational processing of facial
beauty.},
Journal = {Learning and motivation},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {136-145},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0023-9690},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000256005800003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Gender may be involved in the motivational processing of
facial beauty. This study applied a behavioral probe, known
to activate brain motivational regions, to healthy
heterosexual subjects. Matched samples of men and women were
administered two tasks: (a) key pressing to change the
viewing time of average or beautiful female or male facial
images, and (b) rating the attractiveness of these images.
Men expended more effort (via the key-press task) to extend
the viewing time of the beautiful female faces. Women
displayed similarly increased effort for beautiful male and
female images, but the magnitude of this effort was
substantially lower than that of men for beautiful females.
Heterosexual facial attractiveness ratings were comparable
in both groups. These findings demonstrate heterosexual
specificity of facial motivational targets for men, but not
for women. Moreover, heightened drive for the pursuit of
heterosexual beauty in the face of regular valuational
assessments, displayed by men, suggests a gender-specific
incentive sensitization phenomenon.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.lmot.2007.09.002},
Key = {fds265972}
}
@article{fds266035,
Author = {Waber, RL and Shiv, B and Carmon, Z and Ariely, D},
Title = {Commercial features of placebo and therapeutic
efficacy.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {299},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1016-1017},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18319411},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.299.9.1016},
Key = {fds266035}
}
@article{fds311634,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {How honest people cheat},
Journal = {HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {24-24},
Publisher = {HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252544200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311634}
}
@article{fds265977,
Author = {Mazar, N and Amir, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {More ways to cheat: Expanding the scope of
dishonesty},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6},
Pages = {650-653},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261527000004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds265977}
}
@article{fds265981,
Author = {Frost, JH and Chance, Z and Norton, MI and Ariely,
D},
Title = {People are experience goods: Improving online dating with
virtual dates},
Journal = {Journal of Interactive Marketing},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-61},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1094-9968},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000255505500005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We suggest that online dating frequently fails to meet user
expectations because people, unlike many commodities
available for purchase online, are experience goods: Daters
wish to screen potential romantic partners by experiential
attributes (such as sense of humor or rapport), but online
dating Web sites force them to screen by searchable
attributes (such as income or religion). We demonstrate that
people spend too much time searching for options online for
too little payoff in offline dates (Study 1), in part
because users desire information about experiential
attributes, but online dating Web sites contain primarily
searchable attributes (Study 2). Finally, we introduce and
beta test the Virtual Date, offering potential dating
partners the opportunity to acquire experiential information
by exploring a virtual environment in interactions analogous
to real first dates (such as going to a museum), an online
intervention that led to greater liking after offline
meetings (Study 3). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and
Direct Marketing Educational Foundation,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1002/dir.20107},
Key = {fds265981}
}
@article{fds265984,
Author = {Mazar, N and Amir, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept
maintenance},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6},
Pages = {633-644},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261527000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {People like to think of themselves as honest. However,
dishonesty pays-and it often pays well. How do people
resolve this tension? This research shows that people behave
dishonestly enough to profit but honestly enough to delude
themselves of their own integrity. A little bit of
dishonesty gives a taste of profit without spoiling a
positive self-view. Two mechanisms allow for such
self-concept maintenance: inattention to moral standards and
categorization malleability. Six experiments support the
authors' theory of self-concept maintenance and offer
practical applications for curbing dishonesty in everyday
life. © 2008, American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.45.6.633},
Key = {fds265984}
}
@article{fds266014,
Author = {Simonsohn, U and Karlsson, N and Loewenstein, G and Ariely,
D},
Title = {The tree of experience in the forest of information:
Overweighing experienced relative to observed
information},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {263-286},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2007.03.010},
Abstract = {Standard economic models assume that the weight given to
information from different sources depends exclusively on
its diagnosticity. In this paper we study whether the same
piece of information is weighted more heavily simply because
it arose from direct experience rather than from
observation. We investigate this possibility by conducting
repeated game experiments in which groups of players are
randomly rematched on every round and receive feedback about
the actions and outcomes of all players. We find that
participants' actions are influenced more strongly by the
behavior of players they directly interact with than by
those they only observe. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2007.03.010},
Key = {fds266014}
}
@article{fds266032,
Author = {Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {How actions create--not just reveal--preferences.},
Journal = {Trends in cognitive sciences},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {13-16},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1364-6613},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063405},
Abstract = {The neo-classical economics view that behavior is driven by
- and reflective of - hedonic utility is challenged by
psychologists' demonstrations of cases in which actions do
not merely reveal preferences but rather create them. In
this view, preferences are frequently constructed in the
moment and are susceptible to fleeting situational factors;
problematically, individuals are insensitive to the impact
of such factors on their behavior, misattributing utility
caused by these irrelevant factors to stable underlying
preferences. Consequently, subsequent behavior might reflect
not hedonic utility but rather this erroneously imputed
utility that lingers in memory. Here we review the roles of
these streams of utility in shaping preferences, and discuss
how neuroimaging offers unique possibilities for
disentangling their independent contributions to
behavior.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.tics.2007.10.008},
Key = {fds266032}
}
@misc{fds311628,
Author = {Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {"The "IKEA Effect": Why Labor Leads to Love"},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN CONSUMER RESEARCH, VOL 35},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {153-153},
Publisher = {ASSOC CONSUMER RESEARCH},
Editor = {Lee, AY and Soman, D},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-915552-61-0},
ISSN = {0098-9258},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000272788200110&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311628}
}
@misc{fds311629,
Author = {Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {"Probabilistic Discounts: When Retailing and Las Vegas
Meet"},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN CONSUMER RESEARCH, VOL 35},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {186-187},
Publisher = {ASSOC CONSUMER RESEARCH},
Editor = {Lee, AY and Soman, D},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-915552-61-0},
ISSN = {0098-9258},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000272788200141&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311629}
}
@misc{fds311635,
Author = {Ariely, D and Gneezy, U and Haruvy, E},
Title = {"On the Discontinuity of Demand Curves Around Zero: Charging
More and Selling More"},
Journal = {ADVANCES IN CONSUMER RESEARCH, VOL 35},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {38-38},
Publisher = {ASSOC CONSUMER RESEARCH},
Editor = {Lee, AY and Soman, D},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-915552-61-0},
ISSN = {0098-9258},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000272788200018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds311635}
}
@book{fds265910,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Predictably Irrational, Revised and Expanded Edition The
Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions},
Pages = {384 pages},
Publisher = {Harper Collins},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {9780061353246},
Abstract = {But are we? In this newly revised and expanded edition of
the groundbreaking New York Times bestseller, Dan Ariely
refutes the common assumption that we behave in
fundamentally rational ways.},
Key = {fds265910}
}
@article{fds265971,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {The customers' revenge},
Journal = {Harvard Business Review},
Volume = {85},
Number = {12},
Pages = {31-36},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0017-8012},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000251075600014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Venerable Detroit automaker Atida Motors has a new call
center in Bangalore that the company hopes will raise its
reputation for customer service. But it doesn't appear to be
doing so yet. Complaints about the Andromeda XL - the hip
new model Atida hopes will capture the imagination of Wall
Street - are flooding the call center. Call backlogs are
building, and letters of complaint are piling up. One loyal
Atida customer is so upset about getting the brush-off that
he's not only talking to a lawyer but threatening to go on
YouTube and take his case to the court of public opinion. In
the internet age, does Atida need a new way to deal with
unhappy customers? Tom Farmer, the creator of the
unintentionally viral PowerPoint presentation "Yours Is a
Very Bad Hotel," says that Atida needs to stop defining
customer service solely as a response to bad news and nip
problems in the bud by making online dialogue intrinsic to
the brand experience. Nate Bennett, of Georgia Tech, and
Chris Martin, of Centenary College, observe that Atida has
violated its customers' sense of fairness within three
dimensions - distributive, procedural, and interactional -
thus increasing their desire for revenge. Lexus Vice
President for Customer Service Nancy Fein thinks Atida isn't
even in the ballpark when it comes to world-class customer
service. She offers as an example a Lexus rep who drove 80
miles to deliver $1,000 to a stranded Lexus owner whose
purse had been stolen. Barak Libai, of Tel Aviv University
and MIT's Sloan School, suggests that Atida invest in a CRM
system so that it can determine which customers have enough
purchasing and referral value to be given the red carpet
treatment and which should be gently let
go.},
Key = {fds265971}
}
@article{fds265975,
Author = {Ariely, D and Norton, MI},
Title = {Psychology and experimental economics: A gap in
abstraction},
Journal = {Current Directions in Psychological Science},
Volume = {16},
Number = {6},
Pages = {336-339},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0963-7214},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000251186100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Experimental economics and social psychology share an
interest in a widening subset of topics, relying on similar
lab-based methods to address similar questions about human
behavior, yet dialogue between the two fields remains in its
infancy. We propose a framework for understanding this
disconnect: The different approaches the disciplines take to
translating real-world behavior into the laboratory create a
"gap in abstraction," which contributes to crucial
differences in philosophy about the roles of deception and
incentives in experiments and limits cross-pollination. We
review two areas of common interest - altruism and
group-based discrimination - which demonstrate this gap yet
also reveal ways in which the two approaches might be seen
as complementary rather than contradictory. Copyright ©
2007 Association for Psychological Science.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00531.x},
Key = {fds265975}
}
@article{fds265998,
Author = {Shampanier, K and Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {Zero as a special price: The true value of free
products},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {26},
Number = {6},
Pages = {742-757},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0732-2399},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252167800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {When faced with a choice of selecting one of several
available products (or possibly buying nothing), according
to standard theoretical perspectives, people will choose the
option with the highest cost-benefit difference. However, we
propose that decisions about free (zero price) products
differ, in that people do not simply subtract costs from
benefits but instead they perceive the benefits associated
with free products as higher. We test this proposal by
contrasting demand for two products across conditions that
maintain the price difference between the goods, but vary
the prices such that the cheaper good in the set is priced
at either a low positive or zero price. In contrast with a
standard cost-benefit perspective, in the zero-price
condition, dramatically more participants choose the cheaper
option, whereas dramatically fewer participants choose the
more expensive option. Thus, people appear to act as if zero
pricing of a good not only decreases its cost, but also adds
to its benefits. After documenting this basic effect, we
propose and test several psychological antecedents of the
effect, including social norms, mapping difficulty, and
affect. Affect emerges as the most likely account for the
effect. © 2007 INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.1060.0254},
Key = {fds265998}
}
@article{fds266034,
Author = {Eastwick, PW and Finkel, EJ and Mochon, D and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Selective versus unselective romantic desire: not all
reciprocity is created equal.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {317-319},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17470256},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01897.x},
Key = {fds266034}
}
@article{fds265936,
Author = {Frost, J and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Improving online dating with virtual dates},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ASIST Annual Meeting},
Volume = {44},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1550-8390},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450440265},
Abstract = {Online dating, a practice where singles visit a website to
locate other singles, frequently fails to meet users'
expectations. We suggest that this disappointment is due in
part to online dating websites' failure to simulate
face-to-face interactions, an essential component of the
acquaintanceship process. We document users' general
disappointment with online dating (Study 1) and their
disappointment with specific dates arranged through an
online dating website (Study 2). In Study 3 we introduce the
Virtual Date, on which potential dating partners explore a
virtual environment in an interaction analogous to a real
first date (such as going to a museum), a pre-meeting
intervention that led to greater liking after meetings had
occurred (during speed-dates) than standard online
dating.},
Doi = {10.1002/meet.1450440265},
Key = {fds265936}
}
@article{fds265976,
Author = {Amir, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {Decisions by rules: The case of unwillingness to pay for
beneficial delays},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {142-152},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000244158500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Since the emergence of neoclassical economics, individual
decision making has been viewed largely from an
outcome-maximizing perspective. Building on previous work,
the authors suggest that when people make payment decisions,
they consider not only their preferences for different
alternatives but also guiding principles and behavioral
rules. The authors describe and test two characteristics
pertaining to one specific rule that dictates that consumers
should not pay for delays, even if they are beneficial: rule
invocation and rule override. The results show that money
can function as the invoking cue for this rule, that the
reliance on this rule can undermine utility maximization,
and that this rule may be used as a first response to the
decision problem but can be overridden. The article
concludes with a discussion of more general applications of
such rules, which may explain some of the seemingly
systematic inconsistencies in the ways consumers behave. ©
2007, American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.44.1.142},
Key = {fds265976}
}
@article{fds266031,
Author = {Norton, MI and Frost, JH and Ariely, D},
Title = {Less is more: the lure of ambiguity, or why familiarity
breeds contempt.},
Journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {97-105},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-3514},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17201545},
Abstract = {The present research shows that although people believe that
learning more about others leads to greater liking, more
information about others leads, on average, to less liking.
Thus, ambiguity--lacking information about another--leads to
liking, whereas familiarity--acquiring more information--can
breed contempt. This "less is more" effect is due to the
cascading nature of dissimilarity: Once evidence of
dissimilarity is encountered, subsequent information is more
likely to be interpreted as further evidence of
dissimilarity, leading to decreased liking. The authors
document the negative relationship between knowledge and
liking in laboratory studies and with pre- and postdate data
from online daters, while showing the mediating role of
dissimilarity.},
Doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.97},
Key = {fds266031}
}
@article{fds266033,
Author = {Lee, L and Frederick, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Try it, you'll like it: the influence of expectation,
consumption, and revelation on preferences for
beer.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {17},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1054-1058},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17201787},
Abstract = {Patrons of a pub evaluated regular beer and "MIT brew"
(regular beer plus a few drops of balsamic vinegar) in one
of three conditions. One group tasted the samples blind (the
secret ingredient was never disclosed). A second group was
informed of the contents before tasting. A third group
learned of the secret ingredient immediately after tasting,
but prior to indicating their preference. Not surprisingly,
preference for the MIT brew was higher in the blind
condition than in either of the two disclosure conditions.
However, the timing of the information mattered
substantially. Disclosure of the secret ingredient
significantly reduced preference only when the disclosure
preceded tasting, suggesting that disclosure affected
preferences by influencing the experience itself, rather
than by acting as an independent negative input or by
modifying retrospective interpretation of the
experience.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01829.x},
Key = {fds266033}
}
@article{fds265991,
Author = {Hoeffler, S and Ariely, D and West, P},
Title = {Path dependent preferences: The role of early experience and
biased search in preference development},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {101},
Number = {2},
Pages = {215-229},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000242818300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {What is the role of early experiences in shaping
preferences? What are the mechanisms by which such early
encounters influence the way preferences are formed? In this
research, we examine the impact of the entry position and
favorability of initial (and ongoing) experiences on
preference development. We predict that the starting point
will heavily influence which particular region people select
from initially, and favorableness of early experiences and
myopic search will both limit their search to that
particular region. Across four studies, we find that when
the initial experiences are favorable, subjects engage in
lower levels of search, experience only a narrow breadth of
possible alternatives, demonstrate less ongoing
experimentation, and have a reduction in the amount of
preference development. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.obhdp.2006.04.002},
Key = {fds265991}
}
@article{fds266029,
Author = {Norton, MI and Sommers, SR and Apfelbaum, EP and Pura, N and Ariely,
D},
Title = {Color blindness and interracial interaction: playing the
political correctness game.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {17},
Number = {11},
Pages = {949-953},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17176425},
Abstract = {Two experiments explored the ramifications of endorsing
color blindness as a strategy for appearing unprejudiced. In
Study 1, Whites proved adept at categorizing faces on the
basis of race, but understated their ability to do so. In
Study 2, Whites playing the Political Correctness Game--a
matching task that requires describing other
individuals--were less likely to use race as a descriptor
when paired with a Black partner than when paired with a
White partner, a strategy that impaired communication and
performance. In addition, avoidance of race was associated
with Whites making less eye contact with and appearing less
friendly toward Black partners.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01810.x},
Key = {fds266029}
}
@misc{fds314353,
Author = {Frost, J and Norton, MI and Ariely, D},
Title = {Virtual dates: Bridging the online and offline dating
gap},
Journal = {ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Research Posters, SIGGRAPH
2006},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781595933645},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179622.1179780},
Doi = {10.1145/1179622.1179780},
Key = {fds314353}
}
@article{fds266001,
Author = {Lee, L and Ariely, D},
Title = {Shopping goals, goal concreteness, and conditional
promotions},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-70},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238584600010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We propose a two-stage model to describe the increasing
concreteness of consumers' goals during the shopping
process, testing the model with a series of field
experiments at a convenience store. Using a number of
different process measures (experiment 1), we first
established that consumers are less certain of their
shopping goals and construe products in less concrete terms
when they are in the first (vs. second) stage of the
shopping process. The results of experiments 2 and 3 next
demonstrate that goal-evoking marketing promotions (e.g.,
conditional coupons) are more effective in influencing
consumers' spending when consumers' goals are less concrete.
© 2006 by JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1086/504136},
Key = {fds266001}
}
@misc{fds265999,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewenstein, G and Prelec, D},
Title = {Tom Sawyer and the construction of value},
Pages = {1-10},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000237361800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper challenges the common assumption that economic
agents know their tastes. After reviewing previous research
showing that valuation of ordinary products and experiences
can be manipulated by non-normative cues, we present three
studies showing that in some cases people do not have a
pre-existing sense of whether an experience is good or
bad-even when they have experienced a sample of it. © 2005
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2004.10.003},
Key = {fds265999}
}
@article{fds265957,
Author = {Zauberman, G and Diehl, K and Ariely, D},
Title = {Hedonic versus informational evaluations: Task dependent
preferences for sequences of outcomes},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {191-211},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000239034500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This work examines how people form evaluations of extended
experiences that vary in valence and intensity. It is
documented that when people retrospectively evaluate such
experiences, not all information is weighted equally. Some
prior research demonstrates that earlier parts are weighted
more than later parts, while other research shows the
opposite. In this paper we suggest that differences in
evaluation tasks shift the focus to different aspects of the
experience, causing individuals to be differentially
influenced by earlier or later parts of the experience. We
show that ratings of feelings (hedonic evaluation tasks)
lead to stronger preferences for improving experiences than
do evaluative judgments (informational evaluation tasks),
suggesting that later aspects of the experience are weighted
more heavily in affective tasks. In addition, we investigate
other evaluation tasks, demonstrating that whether the task
is descriptive or predictive and whether the target of the
evaluation is the source of the experience or the experience
itself also alter the weight given to different parts of the
experience. Our studies demonstrate systematic shifts driven
by these different evaluation task, revealing changes in
overall evaluations as well as changes in the underlying
weighting of key characteristics of the experience (i.e.,
start, end, and trend). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.516},
Key = {fds265957}
}
@article{fds265980,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewenstein, G},
Title = {The heat of the moment: The effect of sexual arousal on
sexual decision making},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {87-98},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000236946100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Despite the social importance of decisions taken in the
"heat of the moment," very little research has examined the
effect of sexual arousal on judgment and decision making.
Here we examine the effect of sexual arousal, induced by
self-stimulation, on judgments and hypothetical decisions
made by male college students. Students were assigned to be
in either a state of sexual arousal or a neutral state and
were asked to: (1) indicate how appealing they find a wide
range of sexual stimuli and activities, (2) report their
willingness to engage in morally questionable behavior in
order to obtain sexual gratification, and (3) describe their
willingness to engage in unsafe sex when sexually aroused.
The results show that sexual arousal had a strong impact on
all three areas of judgment and decision making,
demonstrating the importance of situational forces on
preferences, as well as subjects' inability to predict these
influences on their own behavior. Copyright © 2005 John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.501},
Key = {fds265980}
}
@misc{fds266007,
Author = {Mazar, N and Ariely, D},
Title = {Dishonesty in everyday life and its policy
implications},
Pages = {117-126},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000237894300010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Dishonest acts are all too prevalent in day-to-day life.
This article examines some possible psychological causes for
dishonesty that go beyond the standard economic
considerations of probability and value of external payoffs.
The authors propose a general model of dishonest behavior
that includes internal psychological reward mechanisms for
honesty and dishonesty, and they discuss the implications of
this model in terms of curbing dishonesty. © 2006, American
Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jppm.25.1.117},
Key = {fds266007}
}
@article{fds266008,
Author = {Ariely, D and Ockenfels, A and Roth, AE},
Title = {An experimental analysis of ending rules in Internet
auctions},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {890-907},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000237400400009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A great deal of late bidding has been observed on eBay,
which employs a second price auction with a fixed deadline.
Much less late bidding has been observed on Amazon, which
can only end when ten minutes have passed without a bid. In
controlled experiments, we find that the difference in the
ending rules is sufficient by itself to produce the
differences in late bidding observed in the field data. The
data also allow us to examine bid amounts in relation to
private values, and how behavior is shaped by the different
opportunities for learning provided in the auction
conditions. Copyright © 2005, RAND.},
Key = {fds266008}
}
@misc{fds265962,
Author = {Amir, O and Ariely, D and Cooke, A and Dunning, D and Epley, N and Gneezy,
U and Koszegi, B and Lichtenstein, D and Mazar, N and Mullainathan, S and Prelec, D and Shafir, E and Silva, J},
Title = {Psychology, behavioral economics, and public
policy},
Journal = {Marketing Letters},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {443-454},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0923-0645},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000235114600021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Economics has typically been the social science of choice to
inform public policy and policymakers. In the current paper
we contemplate the role behavioral science can play in
enlightening policymakers. In particular, we provide some
examples of research that has and can be used to inform
policy, reflect on the kind of behavioral science that is
important for policy, and approaches for convincing
policy-makers to listen to behavioral scientists. We suggest
that policymakers are unlikely to invest the time
translating behavioral research into its policy
implications, and researchers interested in influencing
public policy must therefore invest substantial effort, and
direct that effort differently than in standard research
practices. © 2005 Springer Science + Business Media,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11002-005-5904-2},
Key = {fds265962}
}
@misc{fds265916,
Author = {Amir, O and Lobel, O and Ariely, D},
Title = {Making consumption decisions by following personal
rules},
Pages = {86-101},
Booktitle = {Inside Consumption: Consumer Motives, Goals, and
Desires},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9780203481295},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203481295},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203481295},
Key = {fds265916}
}
@article{fds266030,
Author = {Elman, I and Ariely, D and Mazar, N and Aharon, I and Lasko, NB and Macklin, ML and Orr, SP and Lukas, SE and Pitman,
RK},
Title = {Probing reward function in post-traumatic stress disorder
with beautiful facial images.},
Journal = {Psychiatry research},
Volume = {135},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-183},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0165-1781},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15993948},
Abstract = {Reward dysfunction may be implicated in post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD). This study applied a behavioral
probe, known to activate brain reward regions, to subjects
with PTSD. Male heterosexual Vietnam veterans with (n = 12)
or without (n = 11) current PTSD were administered two
tasks: (a) key pressing to change the viewing time of
average or beautiful female or male facial images, and (b)
rating the attractiveness of these images. There were no
significant group differences in the attractiveness ratings.
However, PTSD patients expended less effort to extend the
viewing time of the beautiful female faces. These findings
suggest a reward deficit in PTSD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2005.04.002},
Key = {fds266030}
}
@article{fds265973,
Author = {Shiv, B and Carmon, Z and Ariely, D},
Title = {Ruminating about placebo effects of marketing
actions},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {410-414},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000233183100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In Shiv, Carmon, and Ariely (2005), the authors demonstrate
that marketing actions such as price promotions and
advertising evoke consumer expectations, which can alter the
actual efficacy of the marketed product, a phenomenon they
call "placebo effects of marketing actions." In this
rejoinder, they build on the preceding commentaries and
refine their framework to account more fully for factors
that may influence this placebo effect, and they describe
directions for further research in this new topic area. ©
2005, American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.4.410},
Key = {fds265973}
}
@article{fds265982,
Author = {Shiv, B and Carmon, Z and Ariely, D},
Title = {Placebo effects of marketing actions: Consumers may get what
they pay for},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {383-393},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000233183100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The authors demonstrate that marketing actions, such as
pricing, can alter the actual efficacy of products to which
they are applied. These placebo effects stem from activation
of expectancies about the efficacy of the product, a process
that appears not to be conscious. In three experiments, the
authors show that consumers who pay a discounted price for a
product (e.g., an energy drink thought to increase mental
acuity) may derive less actual benefit from consuming this
product (e.g., they are able to solve fewer puzzles) than
consumers who purchase and consume the exact same product
but pay its regular price. The studies consistently support
the role of expectancies in mediating this placebo effect.
The authors conclude with a discussion of theoretical,
managerial, and public policy implications of the findings.
© 2005, American Marketing Association.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.4.383},
Key = {fds265982}
}
@article{fds265986,
Author = {Ariely, D and Huber, J and Wertenbroch, K},
Title = {When do losses loom larger than gains?},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {134-138},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.42.2.134.62283},
Abstract = {In defining limits to loss aversion, Novemsky and Kahneman
(2005) offer important new data and a needed summary of
appropriate ways to think about loss aversion. In this
comment to Novemsky and Kahneman's article, the authors
consider the new empirical results that involve
probabilistic buying and selling, suggesting caution in
generalizing the results to nonprobabilistic commerce. The
authors expand Novemsky and Kahneman's summary by exploring
two critical constructs that help define the boundaries of
loss aversion: emotional attachment and cognitive
perspective. Emotional attachment alters loss aversion by
moderating the degree to which parting with an item involves
a loss, whereas shifts in cognitive perspective explain why
items typically viewed as a loss are given more or less
weight. The goal is to use these constructs to characterize
more specifically contexts in which losses loom larger than
gains and to suggest specific ways that research into loss
aversion could evolve.},
Doi = {10.1509/jmkr.42.2.134.62283},
Key = {fds265986}
}
@article{fds354598,
Author = {Rabelo, L and Ariely, D and Vila, J and Yousef, N},
Title = {A comparison of learning schemes for recommender software
agents: A case study in home furniture},
Journal = {International Journal of Technology Marketing},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {95-114},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJTMKT.2005.008127},
Abstract = {Recommender agents will personalise the shopping experience
of e-commerce users. In addition, the same technology can be
used to support experimentation so that companies can
implement systematic market learning methodologies. This
paper presents a comparison regarding the relative
predictive performance of Backpropagation neural networks,
Fuzzy ARTMAP neural networks and Support Vector Machines in
implementing recommendation systems based on individual
models for electronic commerce. The results show that
support vector machines perform better when the training
data set is very limited in size. However, supervised neural
networks based on minimising errors (i.e., Backpropagation)
are able to provide good answers when the training data sets
are of a relatively larger size. In addition, supervised
neural networks based on forecasting by analogy (i.e., Fuzzy
ARTMAP) are also able to exhibit good performance when
ensemble schemes are used.},
Doi = {10.1504/IJTMKT.2005.008127},
Key = {fds354598}
}
@misc{fds265907,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewenstein, G and Prelec, D},
Title = {Tom Sawyer and the Construction of Value},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {1-10},
Booktitle = {The Construction of Preference},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Lichtenstein, S and Slovic, P},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds265907}
}
@misc{fds265908,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewnstein, G and Prelec, D},
Title = {Coherent Arbitrariness: Stable Demand Curves Without Stable
Preference},
Volume = {118},
Pages = {73-106},
Booktitle = {The Construction of Preference},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Lichtenstein, S and Slovic, P},
Year = {2005},
Abstract = {In six experiments we show that initial valuations of
familiar products and simple hedonic experiences are
strongly influenced by arbitrary "anchors" (sometimes
derived from a person's social security number). Because
subsequent valuations are also coherent with respect to
salient differences in perceived quality or quantity of
these products and experiences, the entire pattern of
valuations can easily create an illusion of order, as if it
is being generated by stable underlying preferences. The
experiments show that this combination of coherent
arbitrariness (1) cannot be interpreted as a rational
response to information, (2) does not decrease as a result
of experience with a good, (3) is not necessarily reduced by
market forces, and (4) is not unique to cash prices. The
results imply that demand curves estimated from market data
need not reveal true consumer preferences, in any
normatively significant sense of the term.},
Key = {fds265908}
}
@article{fds266028,
Author = {Heyman, J and Ariely, D},
Title = {Effort for payment. A tale of two markets.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {15},
Number = {11},
Pages = {787-793},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15482452},
Abstract = {The standard model of labor is one in which individuals
trade their time and energy in return for monetary rewards.
Building on Fiske's relational theory (1992), we propose
that there are two types of markets that determine
relationships between effort and payment: monetary and
social. We hypothesize that monetary markets are highly
sensitive to the magnitude of compensation, whereas social
markets are not. This perspective can shed light on the
well-established observation that people sometimes expend
more effort in exchange for no payment (a social market)
than they expend when they receive low payment (a monetary
market). Three experiments support these ideas. The
experimental evidence also demonstrates that mixed markets
(markets that include aspects of both social and monetary
markets) more closely resemble monetary than social
markets.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00757.x},
Key = {fds266028}
}
@article{fds265960,
Author = {Norton, MI and DiMicco, JM and Caneel, R and Ariely,
D},
Title = {AntiGroupWare and second messenger},
Journal = {BT Technology Journal},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {83-88},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1358-3948},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000224961900013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Decision-making in groups has great potential due to the
possibilities for pooling ideas and sharing knowledge, but
also great drawbacks due to the social pressures inherent in
these situations that can limit free exchange of these ideas
and knowledge. This paper presents two technology-based
approaches to improving group decision-making, Second
Messenger and AntiGroupWare. Second Messenger - A system
that encourages groups to change their interaction styles
during meetings - is designed to improve meetings, while
AntiGroup Ware - an on-line polling system that allows
companies to gather information through flexible, iterative
polling of its employees - is designed to avoid them
altogether.},
Doi = {10.1023/B:BTTJ.0000047586.77595.87},
Key = {fds265960}
}
@article{fds265935,
Author = {Heyman, JE and Orhun, Y and Ariely, D},
Title = {Auction fever: The effect of opponents and quasi-endowment
on product valuations},
Journal = {Journal of Interactive Marketing},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {7-21},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1094-9968},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dir.20020},
Abstract = {The wide adoption of dynamic second-price auctions as the
format of choice for Internet-based (online) transactions
has created an interest in understanding how individuals
behave in such environments. The current work concentrates
on two dynamic effects, which we call quasi-endowment and
opponent effect, and finds that these effects may result in
over-bidding. The results of two experimental auctions - one
involving hypothetical bids and the other real-money bids -
demonstrate that bids reflect valuations that include the
nonnormative influences of the two factors. Quasi-endowment
and opponent effects could lead to the behaviors of repeated
bidding and sniping commonly observed in second-price online
auctions such as eBay. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and
Direct Marketing Educational Foundation,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1002/dir.20020},
Key = {fds265935}
}
@article{fds265958,
Author = {Ariely, D and Lynch, JG and Aparicio IV and M},
Title = {Learning by Collaborative and Individual-Based
Recommendation Agents},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {81-95},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000220653900009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Intelligent recommendation systems can be based on 2 basic
principles: collaborative filters and individual-based
agents. In this work we examine the learning function that
results from these 2 general types of learning-smart agents.
There has been significant work on the predictive properties
of each type, but no work has examined the patterns in their
learning from feedback over repeated trials. Using
simulations, we create clusters of "consumers" with
heterogeneous utility functions and errorful reservation
utility thresholds. The consumers go shopping with one of
the designated smart agents, receive recommendations from
the agents, and purchase products they like and reject ones
they do not. Based on the purchase-no purchase behavior of
the consumers, agents learn about the consumers and
potentially improve the quality of their recommendations. We
characterize learning curves by modified exponential
functions with an intercept for percentage of
recommendations accepted at Trial 0, an asymptotic rate of
recommendation acceptance, and a rate at which learning
moves from intercept to asymptote. We compare the learning
of a baseline random recommendation agent, an
individual-based logistic-regression agent, and two types of
collaborative filters that rely on K-mean clustering
(popular in most commercial applications) and
nearest-neighbor algorithms. Compared to the collaborative
filtering agents, the individual agent (a) learns more
slowly, initially, but performs better in the long run when
the environment is stable; (b) is less negatively affected
by permanent changes in the consumer's utility function; and
(c) is less adversely affected by error in the reservation
threshold to which consumers compare a recommended product's
utility. The K-mean agent reaches a lower asymptote but
approaches it faster, reflecting a surprising stickiness of
target classifications after feedback from recommendations
made under initial (incorrect) hypotheses.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327663jcp1401&2_10},
Key = {fds265958}
}
@article{fds266017,
Author = {Shin, J and Ariely, D},
Title = {Keeping doors open: The effect of unavailability on
incentives to keep options viable},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {50},
Number = {5},
Pages = {575-586},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1030.0148},
Abstract = {Many of the options available to decision makers, such as
college majors and romantic partners, can become unavailable
if sufficient effort is not invested in them (taking
classes, sending flowers). The question asked in this work
is whether a threat of disappearance changes the way people
value such options. In four experiments using "door games,"
we demonstrate that options that threaten to disappear cause
decision makers to invest more effort and money in keeping
these options open, even when the options themselves seem to
be of little interest. This general tendency is shown to be
resilient to information about the outcomes, to increased
experience, and to the saliency of the cost. The last
experiment provides initial evidence that the mechanism
underlying the tendency to keep doors open is a type of
aversion to loss rather than a desire for
flexibility.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.1030.0148},
Key = {fds266017}
}
@article{fds265965,
Author = {Ariely, D and Simonson, I},
Title = {Buying, bidding, playing, or competing? Value assessment and
decision dynamics in online auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {113-123},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000183066500011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We propose an analytical framework for studying bidding
behavior in online auctions. The framework focuses on three
key dimensions: the multi-stage process, the types of
value-signals employed at each phase, and the dynamics of
bidding behavior whereby early choices impact subsequent
bidding decisions. We outline a series of propositions
relating to the auction entry decision, bidding decisions
during the auction, and bidding behavior at the end of an
auction. In addition, we present the results of three
preliminary field studies that investigate factors that
influence consumers' value assessments and bidding
decisions. In particular, (a) due to a focus on the narrow
auction context, consumers under-search and, consequently,
overpay for widely available commodities (CDs, DVDs) and (b)
higher auction starting prices tend to lead to higher
winning bids, particularly when comparable items are not
available in the immediate context. We discuss the
implications of this research with respect to our
understanding of the key determinants of consumer behavior
in this increasingly important arena of purchase
decisions.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327663jcp13-1&2_10},
Key = {fds265965}
}
@article{fds265995,
Author = {Ariely, D and Zauberman, G},
Title = {Differential partitioning of extended experiences},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {128-139},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000184165900002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This article focuses on the effect of the perceived
cohesiveness of experiences, whether composed of single or
multiple parts, on their overall hedonic evaluations. Four
experiments demonstrate the effects of partitioning on
decision makers' evaluation of extended experiences. First,
patterns (i.e., improving vs. deteriorating trends) strongly
influence how experiences are evaluated. Second, increased
partitioning of an experience reduces the effect of the
overall trend and results in more equal weighting of its
parts. Third, breaking experiences at strategic points
(i.e., local maxima and minima) influences the overall
evaluation of experiences as well as the prediction of their
future levels. These results suggest that components of
sequences are evaluated similarly to the way whole sequences
are evaluated and that experiences composed of multiple
components are evaluated relatively more on the basis of
their individual intensity and less based on their overall
pattern. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0749-5978(03)00061-X},
Key = {fds265995}
}
@article{fds266006,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewenstein, G and Prelec, D},
Title = {“Coherent arbitrariness”: Stable demand curves without
stable preferences},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {118},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-105},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000181053200003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In six experiments we show that initial valuations of
familiar products and simple hedonic experiences are
strongly influenced by arbitrary "anchors" (sometimes
derived from a person'S social security number). Because
subsequent valuations are also coherent with respect to
salient differences in perceived quality or quantity of
these products and experiences, the entire pattern of
valuations can easily create an illusion of order, as if it
is being generated by stable underlying preferences. The
experiments show that this combination of coherent
arbitrariness (1) cannot be interpreted as a rational
response to information, (2) does not decrease as a result
of experience with a good, (3) is not necessarily reduced by
market forces, and (4) is not unique to cash prices. The
results imply that demand curves estimated from market data
need not reveal true consumer preferences, in any
normatively significant sense of the term.},
Doi = {10.1162/00335530360535153},
Key = {fds266006}
}
@misc{fds327325,
Author = {Ariely, D and Carmon, Z},
Title = {Summary assessment of experiences: The whole is different
from the sum of its parts},
Pages = {323-349},
Booktitle = {Time and Decision: Economic and Psychological Perspectives
on Intertemporal Choice},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780871545497},
Key = {fds327325}
}
@misc{fds265905,
Author = {Ariely, D and Schooler, J and Loewenstein, G},
Title = {The Pursuit and Assessment of Happiness Can be
Self-Defeating},
Booktitle = {The Psychology of Economic Decisions},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Editor = {Broacs, I and Carrillo, J},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds265905}
}
@misc{fds265906,
Author = {Ariely, D and Carmon, Z},
Title = {The Sum Reflects only Some of Its Parts: A Critical Overview
of Research on Summary Assessment of Experiences},
Booktitle = {Time and Decisions},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation Press},
Editor = {Baumeister, R and Loewenstein, G and Read, D},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds265906}
}
@article{fds266027,
Author = {Ariely, D and Wertenbroch, K},
Title = {Procrastination, deadlines, and performance: self-control by
precommitment.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {219-224},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12009041},
Abstract = {Procrastination is all too familiar to most people. People
delay writing up their research (so we hear!), repeatedly
declare they will start their diets tomorrow, or postpone
until next week doing odd jobs around the house. Yet people
also sometimes attempt to control their procrastination by
setting deadlines for themselves. In this article, we pose
three questions: (a) Are people willing to self-impose
meaningful (i.e., costly) deadlines to overcome
procrastination? (b) Are self-imposed deadlines effective in
improving task performance? (c) When self-imposing
deadlines, do people set them optimally, for maximum
performance enhancement? A set of studies examined these
issues experimentally, showing that the answer is "yes" to
the first two questions, and "no" to the third. People have
self-control problems, they recognize them, and they try to
control them by self-imposing costly deadlines. These
deadlines help people control procrastination, hit they are
not as effective as some externally imposed deadlines in
improving task performance.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-9280.00441},
Key = {fds266027}
}
@article{fds265989,
Author = {Huber, J and Ariely, D and Fischer, G},
Title = {Expressing preferences in a principal-agent task: A
comparison of choice, rating, and matching},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {66-90},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2001.2955},
Abstract = {One of the more disturbing yet important findings in the
social sciences is the observation that alternative tasks
result in different expressed preferences among choice
alternatives. We examine this problem not from the
perspective of an individual making personal decisions, but
from the perspective of an agent trying to follow the known
values of a principal. In two studies, we train people to
evaluate outcomes described by specific attributes and them
examine their ability to express these known values with
three common tasks: ratings of individual alternatives,
choices among triples of alternatives, and matching pairs of
alternatives to indifference. We find that each preference
assessment method has distinct strengths and weaknesses.
Ratings are quick, robust at following known values, and are
perceived as an easy task by respondents. However, because
ratings require projection to an imprecise response scale,
respondents have difficulty when applying them to more
complex preference structures. Further, they place too much
weight on negative information, a result that is consistent
with reference-dependent loss aversion. Choice is perceived
as the most realistic task and the one about which people
feel the most confident. However, choices exhibit the most
negativity, which, in addition to flowing from the same
perceptual bias of ratings, may be exacerbated by a
screening strategy that excludes alternatives possessing the
lowest level of an attribute. Finally, the matching task
takes the most time and is perceived to be the most
difficult. It shows minimal biases, except for one glaring
flaw, a substantial overweighting of the matching variable.
This bias is consistent with a well-known compatibility bias
and suggests that agents can learn to use a matching task
appropriately for all attributes except the matching
variable itself. The article concludes with a discussion of
the theoretical mechanisms by which these biases infiltrate
different elicitation modes and a summary of managerial
implications of these results. © 2001 Elsevier
Science.},
Doi = {10.1006/obhd.2001.2955},
Key = {fds265989}
}
@article{fds265934,
Author = {Tewari, G and Maes, P and Ariely, D},
Title = {A visual preference-modeling and decision-support technique
for buyers of multi- Attribute products},
Journal = {Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems -
Proceedings},
Pages = {339-340},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/634067.634268},
Abstract = {We describe an intuitive, visual technique by which buyers
of multi-attribute goods and services in electronic
marketplaces can express their preferences, and receive
real-time feedback about which transaction partners can most
suitably meet their needs. Our work embodies a novel
approach towards the visualization and conceptualization of
multi-attribute spaces. Our system gives users the option of
being able to iteratively refine their preferences based
upon dynamically generated decision-support feedback.
Copyright © 2012 ACM, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1145/634067.634268},
Key = {fds265934}
}
@article{fds266025,
Author = {Aharon, I and Etcoff, N and Ariely, D and Chabris, CF and O'Connor, E and Breiter, HC},
Title = {Beautiful faces have variable reward value: fMRI and
behavioral evidence.},
Journal = {Neuron},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {537-551},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0896-6273},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11709163},
Abstract = {The brain circuitry processing rewarding and aversive
stimuli is hypothesized to be at the core of motivated
behavior. In this study, discrete categories of beautiful
faces are shown to have differing reward values and to
differentially activate reward circuitry in human subjects.
In particular, young heterosexual males rate pictures of
beautiful males and females as attractive, but exert effort
via a keypress procedure only to view pictures of attractive
females. Functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T shows
that passive viewing of beautiful female faces activates
reward circuitry, in particular the nucleus accumbens. An
extended set of subcortical and paralimbic reward regions
also appear to follow aspects of the keypress rather than
the rating procedures, suggesting that reward circuitry
function does not include aesthetic assessment.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00491-3},
Key = {fds266025}
}
@article{fds266026,
Author = {Ariely, D and Zakay, D},
Title = {A timely account of the role of duration in decision
making.},
Journal = {Acta psychologica},
Volume = {108},
Number = {2},
Pages = {187-207},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0001-6918},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11569762},
Abstract = {The current work takes a general perspective on the role of
time in decision making. There are many different
relationships and interactions between time and decision
making, and no single summary can do justice to this topic.
In this paper we will describe a few of the aspects in which
time and decision making are interleaved: (a) temporal
perspectives of decisions--the various temporal orientations
that decision-makers may adopt while making decisions, and
the impact of such temporal orientations on the decision
process and its outcomes; (b) time as a medium within which
decisions take place--the nature of decision processes that
occur along time; (c) time as a resource and as a contextual
factor--the implications of shortage in time resources and
the impact of time limits on decision making processes and
performance; (d) time as a commodity--time as the subject
matter of decision making. The paper ends with a few general
questions on the role of duration in decision
making.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0001-6918(01)00034-8},
Key = {fds266026}
}
@article{fds266023,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Seeing sets: representation by statistical
properties.},
Journal = {Psychological science},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-162},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0956-7976},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11340926},
Abstract = {Sets of similar objects are common occurrences--a crowd of
people, a bunch of bananas, a copse of trees, a shelf of
books, a line of cars. Each item in the set may be distinct,
highly visible, and discriminable. But when we look away
from the set, what information do we have? The current
article starts to address this question by introducing the
idea of a set representation. This idea was tested using two
new paradigms: mean discrimination and member
identification. Three experiments using sets of
different-sized spots showed that observers know a set's
mean quite accurately but know little about the individual
items, except their range. Taken together, these results
suggest that the visual system represents the overall
statistical, and not individual, properties of
sets.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-9280.00327},
Key = {fds266023}
}
@article{fds266021,
Author = {Ariely, D and Loewenstein, G},
Title = {When does duration matter in judgment and decision
making?},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. General},
Volume = {129},
Number = {4},
Pages = {508-523},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0096-3445},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11142865},
Abstract = {Research on sequences of outcomes shows that people care
about features of an experience, such as improvement or
deterioration over time, and peak and end levels, which the
discounted utility model (DU) assumes they do not care
about. In contrast to the finding that some attributes are
weighted more than DU predicts, Kahneman and coauthors have
proposed that there is one feature of sequences that DU
predicts people should care about but that people in fact
ignore or underweight: duration. In this article, the
authors extend this line of research by investigating the
role of conversational norms (H. P. Grice, 1975), and
scale-norming (D. Kahneman & T. D. Miller, 1986). The impact
of these 2 factors are examined in 4 parallel studies that
manipulate these factors orthogonally. The major finding is
that response modes that reduce reliance on conversational
norms or standard of comparison also increase the attention
that participants pay to duration.},
Doi = {10.1037//0096-3445.129.4.508},
Key = {fds266021}
}
@article{fds266024,
Author = {Ariely, D and Kahneman, D and Loewenstein, G},
Title = {Joint comment on "when does duration matter in judgment and
decision making?" (Ariely & Loewenstein,
2000).},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. General},
Volume = {129},
Number = {4},
Pages = {524-529},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0096-3445},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11142866},
Abstract = {Recent research has demonstrated that people care about the
temporal relationships within a sequence of experiences.
There is considerable evidence that people pay particular
attention to the way experiences improve or deteriorate over
time and to their maximum (peak) and final values. D.
Kahneman and coauthors suggested in earlier articles that
people ignore or severely underweight duration (which they
referred to as duration neglect). In the preceding article,
D. Ariely and G. Loewenstein (2000) challenged the
generalizability of these findings and their normative
implications. In the current commentary, D. Ariely, D.
Kahneman, and G. Loewenstein jointly examine the issue to
provide a better understanding of what they feel they have
learned from this literature and to discuss the remaining
open questions.},
Doi = {10.1037//0096-3445.129.4.524},
Key = {fds266024}
}
@article{fds266022,
Author = {Ariely, D and Au, WT and Bender, RH and Budescu, DV and Dietz, CB and Gu,
H and Wallsten, TS and Zauberman, G},
Title = {The effects of averaging subjective probability estimates
between and within judges.},
Journal = {Journal of experimental psychology. Applied},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {130-147},
Year = {2000},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1076-898X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10937317},
Abstract = {The average probability estimate of J > 1 judges is
generally better than its components. Two studies test 3
predictions regarding averaging that follow from theorems
based on a cognitive model of the judges and idealizations
of the judgment situation. Prediction 1 is that the average
of conditionally pairwise independent estimates will be
highly diagnostic, and Prediction 2 is that the average of
dependent estimates (differing only by independent error
terms) may be well calibrated. Prediction 3 contrasts
between- and within-subject averaging. Results demonstrate
the predictions' robustness by showing the extent to which
they hold as the information conditions depart from the
ideal and as J increases. Practical consequences are that
(a) substantial improvement can be obtained with as few as
2-6 judges and (b) the decision maker can estimate the
nature of the expected improvement by considering the
information conditions.},
Doi = {10.1037//1076-898x.6.2.130},
Key = {fds266022}
}
@article{fds265964,
Author = {Ariely, D and Carmon, Z},
Title = {Gestalt characteristics of experiences: The defining
features of summarized events},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {191-201},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086598100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In this paper we take stock of recent research on how people
summarize and evaluate extended experiences. Summary
assessments do not simply integrate all the components of
the evaluated events, but tend to focus on only a few
features (gestalt characteristics). Examples of these
defining features include the rate at which the transient
state components of the experience become more or less
pleasant over its duration, and the intensity of the state
at key instances, in particular the most intense (peak) and
the final (end) moments. It is not yet sufficiently clear
which specific gestalt characteristics dominate summary
assessments of experiences, nor how this differs across
types of experiences or measurement approaches. To address
some of these issues, we describe new research in this area,
discuss potential methodological difficulties, and suggest
directions for future research. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley
& Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(200004/06)13:2<191::AID-BDM330>3.0.C},
Key = {fds265964}
}
@article{fds265969,
Author = {Ariely, D and Zauberman, G},
Title = {On the making of an experience: The effects of breaking and
combining experiences on their overall evaluation},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-232},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086598100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {How do people create overall evaluations for experiences
that change in intensity over time? What 'rules' do they use
for combining such different intensities into single overall
evaluations? And what factors influence these integration
rules? This paper starts by examining the relationship
between the patterns of experiences over time and their
overall evaluations. Within this framework, we propose and
test the idea that the rules for combining such experiences
depend on whether the experiences are perceived to be
composed of single or multiple parts (i.e. continuous or
discrete). In two experiments we demonstrate that an
experience's level of cohesiveness moderates the
relationship between its pattern and overall evaluation. The
results show that breaking up experiences substantially
reduces the impact of patterns on overall evaluations. In
addition, we demonstrate that continuously measuring
momentary intensities produces a similar effect on this
relationship, causing us to speculate that providing
continuous intensity responses causes subjects to
self-segment the experience. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(200004/06)13:2<219::AID-BDM331>3.0.C},
Key = {fds265969}
}
@article{fds266002,
Author = {Carmon, Z and Ariely, D},
Title = {Focusing on the forgone: How value can appear so different
to buyers and sellers},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {360-370},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165697600006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We propose that buying-and selling-price estimates reflect a
focus on what the consumer forgoes in the potential exchange
and that this notion offers insight into the well-known
difference between those two types of value assessment.
Buyers and sellers differ not simply in their valuation of
the same item but also in how they assess the value. Buyers
tend to focus on their sentiment toward what they forgo
(typically, the expenditure), and buying prices are thus
heavily influenced by variables such as salient reference
prices. By the same token, sellers tend to focus on their
sentiment toward surrendering the item, and selling prices
are hence more heavily influenced by variables such as
benefits of possessing the item. Four studies examining
buying-and selling-price estimates of tickets for National
Collegiate Athletic Association basketball games offer
consistent support for these ideas. The studies show that
naturally occurring differences among respondents in
attitudes relating to the tickets that sellers forgo (e.g.,
significance of the game) corresponded more closely to
variation in selling prices than in buying prices.
Conversely, measures relating to the expenditure (e.g.,
respondents' concern with money) corresponded more closely
to buying prices than to selling prices. Using controlled
manipulations we then showed that changes in aspects
relating to the game (e.g., expected climate in the stadium)
affected selling prices more than buying prices, but changes
relating to the expenditure (e.g., list price of the ticket)
influenced buying prices more than selling prices. We also
showed that drawing attention to the benefits of possessing
a ticket before asking for the price estimates influenced
buying prices more than selling prices, supporting our claim
that otherwise these benefits are naturally more salient to
sellers than buyers. Similarly, drawing attention to
alternative uses of money before asking for price estimates
influenced selling prices more than buying
prices.},
Doi = {10.1086/317590},
Key = {fds266002}
}
@article{fds266003,
Author = {Ariely, D and Levav, J},
Title = {Sequential choice in group settings: Taking the road less
traveled and less enjoyed},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {279-290},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165697600001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Many individual decisions take place in a group context
wherein group members voice their choices sequentially. In
this article we examine the impact of this dynamic decision
process on individuals' choices and satisfaction with their
outcomes. We propose that choices reflect a balancing of two
classes of goals: goals that are strictly individual and
goals that are triggered by the existence of the group. The
latter sometimes results in choices that undermine personal
satisfaction and increase regret. We find support for goal
balancing in three studies in which we tracked consumers'
orders of dishes and drinks. In the Lunch study we found
that real groups (tables) choose more varied dishes than
would be expected by random sampling of the population of
all individual choices across all tables. The Beer study
demonstrates that this group-level variety seeking is
attributable to the interaction - implicit or explicit -
among group members, and can be dissipated when the group is
forced to "disband" and its members make strictly individual
choices. Finally, the Wine study demonstrated that
individual choices in a group context are also aimed at
satisfying goals of information gathering and
self-presentation in the form of uniqueness.},
Doi = {10.1086/317585},
Key = {fds266003}
}
@article{fds266004,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Controlling the information flow: Effects on consumers'
decision making and preferences},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Research},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {233-248},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0093-5301},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000089309300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {One of the main objectives facing marketers is to present
consumers with information on which to base their decisions.
In doing so, marketers have to select the type of
information system they want to utilize in order to deliver
the most appropriate information to their consumers. One of
the most interesting and distinguishing dimensions of such
information systems is the level of control the consumer has
over the information system. The current work presents and
tests a general model for understanding the advantages and
disadvantages of information control on consumers' decision
quality, memory, knowledge, and confidence. The results show
that controlling the information flow can help consumers
better match their preferences, have better memory and
knowledge about the domain they are examining, and be more
confident in their judgments. However, it is also shown that
controlling the information flow creates demands on
processing resources and therefore under some circumstances
can have detrimental effects on consumers' ability to
utilize information. The article concludes with a summary of
the findings, discussion of their application for electronic
commerce, and suggestions for future research
avenues.},
Doi = {10.1086/314322},
Key = {fds266004}
}
@article{fds266011,
Author = {Lynch, JG and Ariely, D},
Title = {Wine online: Search costs affect competition on price,
quality, and distribution},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-103},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0732-2399},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000087056200006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A fundamental dilemma confronts retailers with stand-alone
sites on the World Wide Web and those attempting to build
electronic malls for delivery via the Internet, online
services, or interactive television (Alba et al. 1997). For
consumers, the main potential advantage of electronic
shopping over other channels is a reduction in search costs
for products and product-related information. Retailers,
however, fear that such lowering of consumers' search costs
will intensify competition and lower margins by expanding
the scope of competition from local to national and
international. Some retailers' electronic offerings have
been constructed to thwart comparison shopping and to ward
off price competition, dimming the appeal of many initial
electronic shopping services. Ceteris paribus, if electronic
shopping lowers the cost of acquiring price information, it
should increase price sensitivity, just as is the case for
price advertising. In a similar vein, though, electronic
shopping can lower the cost of search for quality
information. Most analyses ignore the offsetting potential
of the latter effect to lower price sensitivity in the
current period. They also ignore the potential of maximally
transparent shopping systems to produce welfare gains that
give consumers a long-term reason to give repeat business to
electronic merchants (cf. Alba et al. 1997, Bakos 1997). We
test conditions under which lowered search costs should
increase or decrease price sensitivity. We conducted an
experiment in which we varied independently three different
search costs via electronic shopping: search cost for price
information, search cost for quality information within a
given store, and search cost for comparing across two
competing electronic wine stores. Consumers spent their own
money purchasing wines from two competing electronic
merchants selling some overlapping and some unique wines. We
show four primary empirical results. First, for
differentiated products like wines, lowering the cost of
search for quality information reduced price sensitivity.
Second, price sensitivity for wines common to both stores
increased when cross-store comparison was made easy, as many
analysts have assumed. However, easy cross-store comparison
had no effect on price sensitivity for unique wines. Third,
making information environments more transparent by lowering
all three search costs produced welfare gains for consumers.
They liked the shopping experience more, selected wines they
liked more in subsequent tasting, and their retention
probability was higher when they were contacted two months
later and invited to continue using the electronic shopping
service from home. Fourth, we examined the implications of
these results for manufacturers and examined how market
shares of wines sold by two stores or one were affected by
search costs. When store comparison was difficult, results
showed that the market share of common wines was
proportional to share of distribution; but when store
comparison was made easy, the market share returns to
distribution decreased significantly. All these results
suggest incentives for retailers carrying differentiated
goods to make information environments maximally
transparent, but to avoid price competition by carrying more
unique merchandise.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.19.1.83.15183},
Key = {fds266011}
}
@book{fds265909,
Author = {Hughes, CE and Hughes, and Ariely, D and Eckerman,
DA},
Title = {The Joy of Experimental Psychology},
Pages = {104 pages},
Publisher = {Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780787256821},
Key = {fds265909}
}
@article{fds265933,
Author = {Hoeffler, S and Ariely, D},
Title = {Constructing stable preferences: A look into dimensions of
experience and their impact on preference
stability},
Journal = {Journal of Consumer Psychology},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-139},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1057-7408},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp0802_01},
Abstract = {There are 2 polar schools of thought regarding the existence
of preferences. The economics tradition is based on the
assumption of existing preferences. The emerging
constructive processing approach assumes preferences are
constructed based on the task and context factors present
during choice or preference elicitation. Most researchers
believe in a middle ground in which consumers construct
their preferences when they are new to a category and
eventually develop more stable preferences with experience
in a domain. This research was designed to bridge the gap
between these 2 schools of thought by understanding the
process by which preferences are learned and developed over
time. Specifically, we investigated the impact of several
dimensions of experience (effort, choice, and experience) on
preference stability. Results revealed that the type of
experience and its corresponding effort had a large impact
on the process of preference development. Study 1
demonstrated that by exposing participants to the trade-offs
in their environment, their preferences developed and
stabilized most rapidly. In addition, the act of making a
choice (Study 2) and repeated choices (Study 3) both led to
increased preference stability as indicated by measures of
objective and subjective preference stability. Copyright ©
1999, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327663jcp0802_01},
Key = {fds265933}
}
@article{fds265951,
Author = {West, PM and Ariely, D and Bellman, S and Bradlow, E and Huber, J and Johnson, E and Kahn, B and Little, J and Schkade,
D},
Title = {Agents to the Rescue?},
Journal = {Marketing Letters},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {285-300},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0923-0645},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008127022539},
Abstract = {The advent of electronic environments is bound to have
profound effects on consumer decision making. While the
exact nature of these influences is only partially known it
is clear that consumers could benefit from properly designed
electronic agents that know individual users' preferences
and can act on their behalf. An examination of the various
roles agents perform is presented as a framework for
thinking about the design of electronic agents. In addition,
a set of goals is established that include both
outcome-based measures, such as improving decision quality,
as well as process measures like increasing satisfaction and
developing trust.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1008127022539},
Key = {fds265951}
}
@article{fds265997,
Author = {Fischer, GW and Carmon, Z and Ariely, D and Zauberman,
G},
Title = {Goal-based construction of preferences: task goals and the
prominence effect},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {45},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1057-1075},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.45.8.1057},
Abstract = {Preferences inferred from choice are more likely to favor
the alternative that is superior with respect to the
prominent (most important or salient) attribute than are
preferences inferred from matching (direct tradeoff)
judgments. This prominence effect violates standard models
of rational choice and complicates the task of measuring
preferences. In this article, we propose a new task-goal
hypothesis regarding the prominence effect: The prominent
attribute receives more weight in tasks whose goal is to
differentiate among options than in tasks whose goal is to
equate options. We use this hypothesis to generalize the
prominence effect beyond choice and matching to several
additional tasks, including the choice-based matching and
difference comparison methods that are widely employed in
decision analysis. The results of three studies provide
strong support for the task-goal account of the prominence
effect and cast doubt on competing explanations. We discuss
the implications of these findings for descriptive decision
theory and for preference measurement in decision analysis,
public policy, and marketing.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.45.8.1057},
Key = {fds265997}
}
@misc{fds265959,
Author = {Sedikides, C and Ariely, D and Olsen, N},
Title = {Contextual and procedural determinants of partner selection:
Of asymmetric dominance and prominence},
Journal = {Social Cognition},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {118-139},
Publisher = {Guilford Publications},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-016X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000081823600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The early stage of partner selection is conceptualized as a
decision-making process amenable to at least two types of
influence: contextual and procedural. An example of
contextual influence is the asymmetric dominance effect.
According to this effect, introduction in a two-person field
of eligibles of a third eligible, who is dominated (i.e., is
inferior) on an attribute by the first eligible but not by
the second one, will tip the scale toward selecting the
first eligible. An example of procedural influence is the
prominence effect. According to this effect, participants
will be more likely to select in choice rather than in
matching the eligible who is superior on an attribute
important to the participants. On the other hand,
participants will be more likely to select in matching
rather than in choice the eligible who is superior on an
attribute unimportant to the participants. Two experiments
demonstrated these contextual and procedural
influences.},
Doi = {10.1521/soco.1999.17.2.118},
Key = {fds265959}
}
@article{fds265956,
Author = {Ariely, D},
Title = {Combining experiences over time: The effects of duration,
intensity changes and on-line measurements on retrospective
pain evaluations},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-45},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000072061100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of
various factors on retrospective pain evaluation. The
factors examined in Experiment 1 were the rate and pattern
of change, the intensity (particularly the final intensity),
and the duration of the painful experience. Experiment 2
manipulated these factors and, in addition, examined the
effect of continuous (on-line) ratings on the overall
retrospective evaluation. The two experiments utilized
different pain modalities, heat in the first and mechanical
pressure in the second. In addition, all subjects in
Experiment 1 experienced stimuli with the same physical
magnitude, while in Experiment 2 stimuli were individually
tailored to make them subjectively equivalent. In both
experiments, subjects were presented with a series of
painful stimuli and evaluated the intensity of each stimulus
immediately upon its termination. The stimuli themselves
were composed of multiple intensity levels that
differentially changed over time (Intensity-Patterns).
Subjects' on-line ratings in Experiment 2 closely mirrored
the physical patterns of the intensities. The main
conclusion from both experiments is that the retrospective
evaluations of painful experiences are influenced primarily
by a combination of the final pain intensity and the
intensity trend during the latter half of the experience. In
addition, results indicated that duration has little impact
on retrospective evaluations for stimuli of relatively
constant intensity. However, when the stimulus intensity
changes over time, duration does play a role. Finally, the
task of continuously reporting the stimulus intensity had a
moderating impact on the retrospective evaluations. © 1998
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199803)11:1<19::AID-BDM277>3.0.CO;2-},
Key = {fds265956}
}
@article{fds266020,
Author = {Marshall, JA and Burbeck, CA and Ariely, D and Rolland, JP and Martin,
KE},
Title = {Occlusion edge blur: a cue to relative visual
depth.},
Journal = {Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image
science, and vision},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {681-688},
Year = {1996},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1084-7529},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8867752},
Abstract = {We studied whether the blur/sharpness of an occlusion
boundary between a sharply focused surface and a blurred
surface is used as a relative depth cue. Observers judged
relative depth in pairs of images that differed only in the
blurriness of the common boundary between two adjoining
texture regions, one blurred and one sharply focused. Two
experiments were conducted; in both, observers consistently
used the blur of the boundary as a cue to relative depth.
However, the strength of the cue, relative to other cues,
varied across observers. The occlusion edge blur cue can
resolve the near/far ambiguity inherent in depth-from-focus
computations.},
Doi = {10.1364/josaa.13.000681},
Key = {fds266020}
}
@article{fds266018,
Author = {Burbeck, CA and Pizer, SM and Morse, BS and Ariely, D and Zauberman, GS and Rolland, JP},
Title = {Linking object boundaries at scale: a common mechanism for
size and shape judgments.},
Journal = {Vision research},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {361-372},
Year = {1996},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0042-6989},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8746226},
Abstract = {The area over which boundary information contributes to the
determination of the center of an extended object was
inferred from results of a bisection task. The object to be
bisected was a rectangle with two long sinusoidally
modulated sides, i.e. a wiggly rectangle. The spatial
frequency and amplitude of the edge modulation were varied.
Two object widths were tested. The modulation of the
perceived center approximately equaled that of the edges at
very low edge modulation frequencies and decreased in
amplitude with increasing edge modulation frequency. The
edge modulation had a greater modulating effect on the
perceived center for the narrower object than for the wider
object. This scaling with object width didn't follow perfect
zoom invariance but was precisely matched by the scaling of
the bisection threshold with width, strongly supporting the
idea that the same mechanism determines both the location of
the perceived center for these stimuli and its variance. We
propose that this mechanism is the linking of object
boundaries at a scale determined by the object
width.},
Doi = {10.1016/0042-6989(95)00106-9},
Key = {fds266018}
}
@article{fds266019,
Author = {Dar, R and Ariely, D and Frenk, H},
Title = {The effect of past-injury on pain threshold and
tolerance.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {189-193},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-3959},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7784104},
Abstract = {Forty male veterans who had been injured during their
military service in the Israeli Defense Forces were assessed
for pain threshold and tolerance in a thermal pain
procedure. Based on their medical records, subjects were
classified by three independent judges as having been either
severely or lightly injured. Veterans who had been severely
injured had much higher threshold and tolerance for thermal
pain as compared to lightly injured veterans. These results
are interpreted as supporting adaptation-level theory, which
implies that painful experiences can change the internal
anchor points for the subjective evaluation of
pain.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3959(94)00108-q},
Key = {fds266019}
}
@article{fds265994,
Author = {Ariely, D and Wallsten, TS},
Title = {Seeking subjective dominance in multidimensional space: An
explanation of the asymmetric dominance effect},
Journal = {Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes},
Volume = {63},
Number = {3},
Pages = {223-232},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0749-5978},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RW12300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {An important example of the influence of context on elicited
values and choice is the effect of asymmetrically dominated
alternatives, first studied by Huber, Payne, and Puto
(1982). A theory of dynamic choice reconstruction is
presented to account for this effect. The theory is based on
ideas of dominance seeking, in which the decision maker
actively looks for ways to simplify the task. Results of
three experiments showed that the relationship of an
irrelevant alternative to others in the choice set
influences the weights of the different dimensions as well
as the values of the different items. The results support
the claim that values depend on local relationships in a way
that is consistent with the theory. © 1995 Academic Press.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1006/obhd.1995.1075},
Key = {fds265994}
}
%% Ascher, Jeremy
@article{fds39191,
Author = {J. Ascher},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Subgame Perfect Equilibrium
Outcomes},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jascher/MPSPE.pdf},
Key = {fds39191}
}
@article{fds37599,
Author = {J. Ascher},
Title = {The Limited Inflation Bias in Time Consistent Monetary
Policy},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jascher/lib.pdf},
Key = {fds37599}
}
@article{fds37594,
Author = {J. Ascher},
Title = {Optimal Monetary Policy with Relative Price Distortions:
Comment},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jascher/note.pdf},
Key = {fds37594}
}
@article{fds39195,
Author = {J. Ascher},
Title = {Limited Liability Growth and Welfare in a Small Open
Economy},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jascher/LLGWsub.pdf},
Key = {fds39195}
}
%% Bajari, Patrick L.
@article{fds30170,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and C.L. Benkard},
Title = {Hedonic Price Indexes with Unobserved Product
Characteristics},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-75},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds30170}
}
@article{fds30171,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and M. Kahn},
Title = {Estimating Housing Demand with an Application to Explaining
Racial Segregation in Cities},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-75},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds30171}
}
@article{fds27068,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and John Krainer},
Title = {An Empirical Model of Stock Analysts' Recommendations:
Market Fundamentals, Conflicts of Interest, and Peer
Effects},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds27068}
}
@article{fds27069,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and C.L. Benkard},
Title = {Demand Estimation With Heterogeneous Consumers and
Unobserved Product Characteristics: A Hedonic
Approach},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy (Revise and
Resubmit)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds27069}
}
@article{fds27067,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Lanier Benkard and Jon Levin},
Title = {Estimating Dynamic Models of Imperfect Competition},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27067}
}
@article{fds27238,
Author = {P. Bajari and H. Hong and S. Ryan},
Title = {Identification and Estimation of Discrete
Games},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27238}
}
@article{fds27237,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Tülin Erdem and Kannan Srinivasan and Wilfred
Amaldoss, Hai Che and Teck Ho and Wes Hutchinson},
Title = {Theory-Driven Choice Models, invited by Marketing
Letters,},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27237}
}
@article{fds16009,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and C.L. Benkard and J. Krainer},
Title = {Housing Prices and Consumer Welfare},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds16009}
}
@article{fds30172,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and R.S. McMillan and S. Tadelis},
Title = {Auctions Versus Negotiations},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds30172}
}
@article{fds30173,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and A. Hortacsu},
Title = {Are Structural Estimates of Auctions Reasonable: Evidence
From Experimental Data},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy (Revised and
Resubmitted).},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds30173}
}
@article{fds27236,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Ali Hortacsu},
Title = {Economic Insights from Internet Auctions: A
Survey},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {XLII},
Pages = {457-486},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27236}
}
@article{fds16014,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and A. Hortacsu},
Title = {Cyberspace Auctions and Pricing Issues: A Review of
Empirical Findings},
Booktitle = {The New Economy Handbook},
Editor = {Derek C. Jones},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds16014}
}
@article{fds16010,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {Are Structural Estimates of Auction Models Reasonable?
Evidence from Experimental Data},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16010}
}
@article{fds16008,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {Auctions Versus Negotiations in Procurement: An Empirical
Analysis},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16008}
}
@article{fds16011,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and L. Benkard},
Title = {Hedonic Price Indexes with Unobserved Product
Characteristics},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16011}
}
@article{fds16013,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and L. Benkard},
Title = {Discrete Choice Models as Structural Models of Demand: Some
Economic Implication of Common Approaches},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16013}
}
@article{fds16015,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and L. Ye},
Title = {Deciding Between Competition and Collusion},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {971-989},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16015}
}
@article{fds16016,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and A. Hortacsu},
Title = {The Winner's Curse, Reserve Prices and Endogenous Entry:
Empirical Insights from eBay Auctions},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {329-355},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16016}
}
@article{fds16017,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {Comment on Allenby, Chen and Yang},
Journal = {Quantitative Marketing and Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-283},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16017}
}
@article{fds15338,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Lanier Benkard},
Title = {Demand Estimation with Heterogeneous Consumers and
Unobserved Product Characteristics: A Hedonic Approach. May
2001},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15338}
}
@article{fds15339,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Matt Kahn},
Title = {Why Do Blacks Live in the Cities and White Live in the
Suburbs: A Case Study of Philadelphia. January
2000},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15339}
}
@article{fds11885,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Garrett Summers},
Title = {"Detecting Collusion in Procurement Auctions"},
Journal = {Antitrust Law Journal},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {143-170},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds11885}
}
@article{fds11886,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {"Comparing Competition and Collusion: A Numerical
Approach"},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {18},
Pages = {187-205},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds11886}
}
@article{fds27234,
Author = {P.L. Bajari and Steve Tadelis},
Title = {Incentives Versus Transaction Costs: A Theory of Procurement
Contracts},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {287-307},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds27234}
}
@article{fds11888,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {Econometrics of Sealed-Bid Auctions},
Journal = {1998 Papers and Proceedings of the Journal of Business and
Economic Statistics},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds11888}
}
@article{fds27239,
Author = {P.L. Bajari},
Title = {"Econometrics of Sealed-Bid Auctions"},
Journal = {1998 Proceedings of the Business and Economic Statistics
Section of the American Statistical Association},
Pages = {41-49},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds27239}
}
%% Bansal, Ravi
@article{fds363001,
Author = {Bansal, R and Wu, DA and Yaron, A},
Title = {Socially Responsible Investing in Good and Bad
Times},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2067-2099},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhab072},
Abstract = {We investigate the time variability of abnormal returns from
socially responsible investing (SRI). Using portfolio
regressions and event studies on multiple data sources,
including analyst ratings, firm announcements, and realized
incidents, we find that highly rated SRI stocks outperform
lowly rated SRI stocks during good economic times, for
example, periods with high market valuations or aggregate
consumption, but underperform during bad times, such as
recessions. This variation in abnormal returns of high-SR
stocks vis-à-vis low SR stocks is consistent with a
wealth-dependent investor preference for SR stocks that
leads to an increased (decreased) demand for SRI during good
(bad) times.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhab072},
Key = {fds363001}
}
@article{fds357940,
Author = {Bansal, R and Miller, S and Song, D and Yaron, A},
Title = {The term structure of equity risk premia},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {142},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1209-1228},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.043},
Abstract = {We estimate a regime-switching model for the equity term
structure with Bayesian methods. Our approach accounts for
the data sample being unrepresentative of the population
distribution of regimes. We find that (i) the term structure
of expected equity dividend strip returns is downward
sloping in recessions and upward sloping in expansions, and
(ii) the unconditional term structure of expected equity
returns is positively sloped. Our estimation shows that the
sample unrepresentativeness induces a downward bias in the
estimate of the equity term structure slope. We present a
regime-switching consumption-based asset-pricing model that
matches the empirical findings.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.043},
Key = {fds357940}
}
@article{fds339265,
Author = {Ai, H and Bansal, R},
Title = {Risk Preferences and the Macroeconomic Announcement
Premium},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1383-1430},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA14607},
Abstract = {This paper develops a revealed preference theory for the
equity premium around macroeconomic announcements. Stock
returns realized around pre-scheduled macroeconomic
announcements, such as the employment report and the FOMC
statements, account for 55% of the market equity premium. We
provide a characterization theorem for the set of
intertemporal preferences that generates a nonnegative
announcement premium. Our theory establishes that the
announcement premium identifies a significant deviation from
time-separable expected utility and provides
asset-market-based evidence for a large class of
non-expected utility models. We also provide conditions
under which asset prices may rise prior to some
macroeconomic announcements and exhibit a pre-announcement
drift.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA14607},
Key = {fds339265}
}
@article{fds322707,
Author = {Bansal, R and Kiku, D and Yaron, A},
Title = {Risks for the long run: Estimation with time
aggregation},
Pages = {52-69},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2016.07.003},
Abstract = {The discrepancy between the decision and data-sampling
intervals, known as time aggregation, confounds the
identification of long-, short-run growth, and volatility
risks in asset prices. This paper develops a method to
simultaneously estimate the model parameters and the
decision interval of the agent by exploiting identifying
restrictions of the Long Run Risk (LRR) model that account
for time aggregation. The LRR model finds considerable
empirical support in the data; the estimated decision
interval of the agents is 33 days. Our estimation results
establish that long-run growth and volatility risks are
important for asset prices.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2016.07.003},
Key = {fds322707}
}
@article{fds266063,
Author = {Bansal, R and Kiku, D and Shaliastovich, I and Yaron,
A},
Title = {Volatility, the Macroeconomy, and Asset Prices},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {69},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2471-2511},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12110},
Abstract = {How important are volatility fluctuations for asset prices
and the macroeconomy? We find that an increase in
macroeconomic volatility is associated with an increase in
discount rates and a decline in consumption. We develop a
framework in which cash flow, discount rate, and volatility
risks determine risk premia and show that volatility plays a
significant role in explaining the joint dynamics of returns
to human capital and equity. Volatility risk carries a
sizable positive risk premium and helps account for the
cross section of expected returns. Our evidence demonstrates
that volatility is important for understanding expected
returns and macroeconomic fluctuations.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12110},
Key = {fds266063}
}
@article{fds266084,
Author = {Bansal, R and Shaliastovich, I},
Title = {A long-run risks explanation of predictability puzzles in
bond and currency markets},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-33},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhs108},
Abstract = {We show that bond risk premia rise with uncertainty about
expected inflation and fall with uncertainty about expected
growth; the magnitude of return predictability using these
uncertainty measures is similar to that by multiple yields.
Motivated by this evidence, we develop and estimate a
long-run risks model with timevarying volatilities of
expected growth and inflation. The model simultaneously
accounts for bond return predictability and violations of
uncovered interest parity in currency markets. We find that
preference for early resolution of uncertainty, time-varying
volatilities, and non-neutral effects of inflation on growth
are important to account for these aspects of asset markets.
© 2012 The Author.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhs108},
Key = {fds266084}
}
@article{fds311136,
Author = {Bansal, R and Kiku, D and Yaron, A},
Title = {An Empirical Evaluation of the Long-Run Risks Model for
Asset Prices},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {183-221},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We provide an empirical evaluation of the Long-Run Risks
(LRR) model, and highlight important differences in the
asset pricing implications of the LRR model relative to the
habit model. We feature three key results: (i) consistent
with the LRR model there is considerable evidence in the
data for time-varying expected consumption growth and
consumption volatility, (ii) the LRR model matches the key
asset markets data features, (iii) in the data and in the
LRR model accordingly, lagged consumption growth does not
predict the future price-dividend ratio, while in the
habit-model it counterfactually predicts the future
price-dividend with an <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> of
over 40%. Overall, we find considerable empirical support
for the LRR model.},
Key = {fds311136}
}
@article{fds266082,
Author = {Bansal, R and Shaliastovich, I},
Title = {Learning and asset-price jumps},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {24},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2738-2780},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhr023},
Abstract = {We develop a general equilibrium model in which income and
dividends are smooth but asset prices contain large moves
(jumps). These large price jumps are triggered by optimal
decisions of investors to learn the unobserved state. We
show that learning choice is determined by preference
parameters and the conditional volatility of income process.
An important model prediction is that income volatility
predicts future jump periods, while income growth does not.
Consistent with the model, large moves in returns in the
data are predicted by consumption volatility but not by
consumption growth. © 2011 The Authors.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhr023},
Key = {fds266082}
}
@article{fds266083,
Author = {Bansal, R and Kiku, D},
Title = {Cointegration and long-run asset allocation},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {161-173},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08062},
Abstract = {We show that economic restrictions of cointegration between
asset cash flows and aggregate consumption have important
implications for return dynamics and optimal portfolio
rules, particularly at long investment horizons. When cash
flows and consumption share a common stochastic trend (i.e.,
are cointegrated), temporary deviations between their levels
forecast long-horizon dividend growth rates and returns, and
consequently, alter the term profile of risks and expected
returns. We show that the optimal asset allocation based on
the error-correction vector autoregression (EC-VAR)
specification can be quite different relative to a
traditional VAR that ignores the cointegrating relation.
Unlike the EC-VAR, the commonly used VAR approach to model
expected returns focuses on short-run forecasts and can
considerably miss on long-horizon return dynamics, and
hence, the optimal portfolio mix in the presence of
cointegration. We develop and implement methods to account
for parameter uncertainty in the EC-VAR setup and highlight
the importance of the error-correction channel for optimal
portfolio decisions at various investment horizons. © 2011
American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08062},
Key = {fds266083}
}
@article{fds266080,
Author = {Bansal, R and Shaliastovich, I},
Title = {Confidence risk and asset prices},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {537-541},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3297 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.100.2.537},
Key = {fds266080}
}
@article{fds266081,
Author = {Bansal, R and Kiku, D and Yaron, A},
Title = {Long run risks, the macroeconomy, and asset
prices},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {542-546},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3374 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.100.2.542},
Key = {fds266081}
}
@article{fds266079,
Author = {Bansal, R and Dittmar, R and Kiku, D},
Title = {Cointegration and consumption risks in asset
returns},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1343-1375},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhm085},
Abstract = {We argue that the cointegrating relation between dividends
and consumption, a measure of long-run consumption risks, is
a key determinant of risk premia at all investment horizons.
As the investment horizon increases, transitory risks
disappear, and the asset's beta is dominated by long-run
consumption risks. We show that the return betas, derived
from the cointegration-based VAR (EC-VAR) model,
successfully account for the cross-sectional variation in
equity returns at both short and long horizons; however,
this is not the case when the cointegrating restriction is
ignored. Our evidence highlights the importance of
cointegration-based long-run consumption risks for financial
markets.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhm085},
Key = {fds266079}
}
@article{fds266064,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {Long-Run Risks and Risk Compensation in Equity
Markets},
Pages = {167-193},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-044450899-7.50009-9},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-044450899-7.50009-9},
Key = {fds266064}
}
@article{fds266078,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {Long-run risks and financial markets},
Journal = {Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {4},
Pages = {283-299},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0014-9187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/r.89.283-300},
Abstract = {The recently developed long-run risks asset pricing model
shows that concerns about long-run expected growth and
time-varying uncertainty (i.e., volatility) about future
economic prospects drive asset prices. These two channels of
economic risks can account for the risk premia and asset
price fluctuations. In addition, the model can empirically
account for the cross-sectional differences in asset
returns. Hence, the long-run risks model provides a coherent
and systematic framework for analyzing financial markets.
(JEL G0, G00, G1, G10, G12) © 2007, The Federal Reserve
Bank of St. Louis.},
Doi = {10.20955/r.89.283-300},
Key = {fds266078}
}
@article{fds266077,
Author = {Bansal, R and Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Rational pessimism, rational exuberance, and asset pricing
models},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {74},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1005-1033},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Abstract = {The paper estimates and examines the empirical plausibility
of asset pricing models that attempt to explain features of
financial markets such as the size of the equity premium and
the volatility of the stock market. In one model, the
long-run risks (LRR) model of Bansal and Yaron,
low-frequency movements, and time-varying uncertainty in
aggregate consumption growth are the key channels for
understanding asset prices. In another, as typified by
Campbell and Cochrane, habit formation, which generates
time-varying risk aversion and consequently time variation
in risk premia, is the key channel. These models are fitted
to data using simulation estimators. Both models are found
to fit the data equally well at conventional significance
levels, and they can track quite closely a new measure of
realized annual volatility. Further, scrutiny using a rich
array of diagnostics suggests that the LRR model is
preferred. © 2007 The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Key = {fds266077}
}
@misc{fds266062,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {Long Run Risks and Risk Compensation in Equity
Market},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Investments: Equity Risk Premium},
Publisher = {North Holland},
Editor = {Mehra, R},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds266062}
}
@article{fds266075,
Author = {Bansal, R and Dittmar, RF and Lundblad, CT},
Title = {Consumption, dividends, and the cross section of equity
returns},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {60},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1639-1672},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00776.x},
Abstract = {We show that aggregate consumption risks embodied in cash
flows can account for the puzzling differences in risk
premia across book-to-market, momentum, and size-sorted
portfolios. The dynamics of aggregate consumption and cash
flow growth rates, modeled as a vector autoregression, are
used to measure the consumption beta of discounted cash
flows. Differences in these cash flow betas account for more
than 60% of the cross-sectional variation in risk premia.
The market price for risk in cash flows is highly
significant. We argue that cash flow risk is important for
interpreting differences in risk compensation across
assets.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00776.x},
Key = {fds266075}
}
@article{fds266076,
Author = {Bansal, R and Khatchatrian, V and Yaron, A},
Title = {Interpretable asset markets?},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {531-560},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0014-2921},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2004.09.002},
Abstract = {In this paper we show that measures of economic uncertainty
(conditional volatility of consumption) predict and are
predicted by valuation ratios at long horizons. Further we
document that asset valuations drop as economic uncertainty
rises-that is, financial markets dislike economic
uncertainty. Moreover, future earnings growth rates are
sharply predicted by current price-earnings ratios. It seems
that much of the variation in asset prices can be attributed
to fluctuations in economic uncertainty and expected
cash-flow growth. This empirical evidence is consistent with
the implications of existing parametric general equilibrium
models. Hence, the channels of fluctuating economic
uncertainty and expected growth seem important for
interpreting asset markets. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2004.09.002},
Key = {fds266076}
}
@article{fds266072,
Author = {Bansal, R and Tauchen, G and Zhou, H},
Title = {Regime shifts, risk premiums in the term structure, and the
business cycle},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {396-409},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500104000000398},
Abstract = {Recent evidence indicates that using multiple forward rates
sharply predicts future excess returns on U.S. Treasury
Bonds, with the R2's being around 30%. The projection
coefficients in these regressions exhibit a distinct pattern
that relates to the maturity of the forward rate. These
dimensions of the data, in conjunction with the transition
dynamics of bond yields, offer a serious challenge to term
structure models. In this article we show that a
regime-shifting term structure model can empirically account
for these challenging data features. Alternative models,
such as affine specification, fail to account for these
important features. We find that regimes in the model are
intimately related to bond risk premia and real business
cycles.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500104000000398},
Key = {fds266072}
}
@article{fds266074,
Author = {Bansal, R and Yaron, A},
Title = {Risks for the long run: A potential resolution of asset
pricing puzzles},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1481-1509},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00670.x},
Abstract = {We model consumption and dividend growth rates as containing
(1) a small longrun predictable component, and (2)
fluctuating economic uncertainty (consumption volatility).
These dynamics, for which we provide empirical support, in
conjunction with Epstein and Zin's (1989) preferences, can
explain key asset markets phenomena. In our economy,
financial markets dislike economic uncertainty and better
long-run growth prospects raise equity prices. The model can
justify the equity premium, the risk-free rate, and the
volatility of the market return, risk-free rate, and the
price-dividend ratio, As in the data, dividend yields
predict returns and the volatility of returns is
time-varying.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00670.x},
Key = {fds266074}
}
@article{fds266073,
Author = {Bansal, R and Christiano, L and Mendoza, EG},
Title = {Introduction: Macroeconomic implications of capital flows in
a global economy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {119},
Number = {1 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {1-5},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2004.07.002},
Abstract = {The papers in this volume address issues raised by the wave
of financial crises that hit emerging markets since the mid
1990s. Several of the papers examine the role that different
credit market frictions may have played in triggering the
crises, or in determining the effects of policies aimed at
containing them. Other papers ask more general questions
about the implications of international financial
integration for business cycles, risk sharing, and sovereign
lending. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2004.07.002},
Key = {fds266073}
}
@article{fds266070,
Author = {Bansal, R and Lundblad, C},
Title = {Market efficiency, asset returns, and the size of the risk
premium in global equity markets},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {2},
Pages = {195-237},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00067-2},
Abstract = {An important economic insight is that observed equity prices
must equal the present value of the cash flows associated
with the equity claim. An implication of this insight is
that present values of cash flows must also quantitatively
justify the observed volatility and cross-correlations of
asset returns. In this paper, we show that parametric
economic models for present values can indeed account for
the observed high ex post return volatility and
cross-correlation observed across five major equity markets
- the U.S., the U.K., France, Germany, and Japan. We present
evidence that cash flow growth rates contain a small
predictable long-run component; this feature, in conjunction
with time-varying systematic risk, can justify key empirical
characteristics of observed equity prices. Our model also
has direct implications for the level of equity prices and
specific versions of the model can, in many cases, capture
observed price levels. Our evidence suggests that the ex
ante risk premium on the global market portfolio has dropped
considerably - we show that this fall in the risk premium is
related to a decline in the conditional variance of global
real cash flow growth rates. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00067-2},
Key = {fds266070}
}
@article{fds266071,
Author = {Bansal, R and Zhou, H},
Title = {Term structure of interest rates with regime
shifts},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1997-2043},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00487},
Abstract = {We develop a term structure model where the short interest
rate and the market price of risks are subject to discrete
regime shifts. Empirical evidence from efficient method of
moments estimation provides considerable support for the
regime shifts model. Standard models, which include affine
specifications with up to three factors, are sharply
rejected in the data. Our diagnostics show that only the
regime shifts model can account for the well-documented
violations of the expectations hypothesis, the observed
conditional volatility, and the conditional correlation
across yields. We find that regimes are intimately related
to business cycles.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00487},
Key = {fds266071}
}
@article{fds266069,
Author = {Bansal, R and Dahlquist, M},
Title = {The forward premium puzzle: Different tales from developed
and emerging economies},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-144},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(99)00039-2},
Abstract = {In this paper we document new results regarding the forward
premium puzzle. The often found negative correlation between
the expected currency depreciation and interest rate
differential is, contrary to popular belief, not a pervasive
phenomenon. It is confined to developed economies, and here
only to states where the U.S. interest rate exceeds foreign
interest rates. Furthermore, we find that differences across
economies are systematically related to per capita GNP,
average inflation rates, and inflation volatility. Our
empirical work suggests that it is hard to justify the
cross-sectional differences in the risk premia as
compensation for systematic risk. Instead, country-specific
attributes seem to be important in characterizing the
cross-sectional dispersion in the risk premia. (C) 2000
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0022-1996(99)00039-2},
Key = {fds266069}
}
@article{fds266065,
Author = {Bansal, R and Lehmann, BN},
Title = {Growth-optimal portfolio restrictions on asset pricing
models},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {333-354},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1365-1005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100597003039},
Abstract = {We show that absence of arbitrage in frictionless markets
implies a lower bound on the average of the logarithm of the
reciprocal of the stochastic discount factor implicit in
asset pricing models. The greatest lower bound for a given
asset menu is the average continuously compounded return on
its growth-optimal portfolio. We use this bound to evaluate
the plausibility of various parametric asset pricing models
to characterize financial market puzzles such as the equity
premium puzzle and the risk-free rate puzzle. We show that
the insights offered by the growth-optimal bounds differ
substantially from those obtained by other nonparametric
bounds.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1365100597003039},
Key = {fds266065}
}
@article{fds266068,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {An exploration of the forward premium puzzle in currency
markets},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {369-403},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/10.2.369},
Abstract = {A standard empirical finding is that expected changes in
exchange rates and interest rate differentials across
countries are negatively related, implying that uncovered
interest rate parity is violated in the data. This article
provides new empirical evidence that suggests that
violations of uncovered interest rate parity, and its
economic implications, depend on the sign of the interest
rate differential A framework related to term structure
models is developed to account for the puzzling relationship
between expected changes in exchange rates and interest rate
differentials. Estimation results suggest that a particular
term structure model can account for the puzzling empirical
evidence.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/10.2.369},
Key = {fds266068}
}
@misc{fds266061,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {Growth-Optimal Portfolio Restrictions on Asset Pricing
Model},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {333-354},
Booktitle = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds266061}
}
@article{fds266066,
Author = {Bansal, R and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {A monetary explanation of the equity premium, term premium,
and risk-free rate puzzles},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {104},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1135-1171},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/262056},
Abstract = {This paper develops and estimates a monetary model that
offers an explanation of some puzzling features of observed
returns on equities and default-free bonds. The key feature
of the model is that some assets other than money play a
special role in facilitating transactions, which affects the
rate of return that they offer. The model is capable of
producing a low risk-free rate, a high equity premium, and
an average positive relationship between maturity and term
premium for default-free bonds. The model's implications for
the joint distribution of asset returns, velocity,
inflation, money growth, and consumption growth are also
compared to the behavior of these variables in the U.S.
economy.},
Doi = {10.1086/262056},
Key = {fds266066}
}
@article{fds266067,
Author = {Bansal, R and Gallant, AR and Hussey, R and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {Nonparametric estimation of structural models for
high-frequency currency market data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {251-287},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1902 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Empirical modeling of high-frequency currency market data
reveals substantial evidence for nonnormality, stochastic
volatility, and other nonlinearities. This paper
investigates whether an equilibrium monetary model can
account for nonlinearities in weekly data. The model
incorporates time-nonseparable preferences and a transaction
cost technology. Simulated sample paths are generated using
Marcet's parameterized expectations procedure. The paper
also develops a new method for estimation of structural
economic models. The method forces the model to match (under
a GMM criterion) the score function of a nonparametric
estimate of the conditional density of observed data. The
estimation uses weekly U.S.-German currency market data,
1975-90. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(94)01618-A},
Key = {fds266067}
}
@misc{fds266060,
Author = {Bansal, R},
Title = {Computational Aspects of Nonparametric Simulation
Estimation},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {Belsley, D},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds266060}
}
@article{fds311138,
Author = {BANSAL, R and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {No Arbitrage and Arbitrage Pricing: A New
Approach},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1231-1262},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MB51200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We argue that arbitrage‐pricing theories (APT) imply the
existence of a low‐dimensional nonnegative nonlinear
pricing kernel. In contrast to standard constructs of the
APT, we do not assume a linear factor structure on the
payoffs. This allows us to price both primitive and
derivative securities. Semi‐nonparametric techniques are
used to estimate the pricing kernel and test the theory.
Empirical results using size‐based portfolio returns and
yields on bonds reject the nested capital asset‐pricing
model and linear APT and support the nonlinear APT.
Diagnostics show that the nonlinear model is more capable of
explaining variations in small firm returns. 1993 The
American Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04753.x},
Key = {fds311138}
}
@article{fds311137,
Author = {BANSAL, R and HSIEH, DA and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {A New Approach to International Arbitrage
Pricing},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1719-1747},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MP99100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper uses a nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model, a
conditional linear model, and an unconditional linear model
to price international equities, bonds, and forward currency
contracts. Unlike linear models, the nonlinear
arbitrage‐pricing model requires no restrictions on the
payoff space, allowing it to price payoffs of options,
forward contracts, and other derivative securities. Only the
nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model does an adequate job of
explaining the time series behavior of a cross section of
international returns. 1993 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb05126.x},
Key = {fds311137}
}
%% Bardhi, Arjada
@article{fds350393,
Author = {Bardhi, A},
Title = {Attributes: Selective Learning and Influence},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds350393}
}
@article{fds354255,
Author = {Bardhi, A and Guo, Y and Strulovici, B},
Title = {Early-Career Discrimination: Spiraling or
Self-Correcting?},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds354255}
}
@article{fds350394,
Author = {Bardhi, A and Guo, Y},
Title = {Modes of persuasion toward unanimous consent},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1111-1149},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE2834},
Abstract = {A fully committed sender seeks to sway a collective adoption
decision through designing experiments. Voters have
correlated payoff states and heterogeneous thresholds of
doubt. We characterize the sender-optimal policy under
unanimity rule for two persuasion modes. Under general
persuasion, evidence presented to each voter depends on all
voters' states. The sender makes the most demanding voters
indifferent between decisions, while the more lenient voters
strictly benefit from persuasion. Under individual
persuasion, evidence presented to each voter depends only on
her state. The sender designates a subgroup of
rubber-stampers, another of fully informed voters, and a
third of partially informed voters. The most demanding
voters are strategically accorded high-quality
information.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE2834},
Key = {fds350394}
}
%% Baron, Jason
@article{fds361185,
Author = {Jason Baron and E and Goldstein, EG and Ryan, J},
Title = {The Push for Racial Equity in Child Welfare: Can Blind
Removals Reduce Disproportionality?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {456-487},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.22461},
Abstract = {We conduct the first quantitative analysis of “blind
removals,” an increasingly popular reform that seeks to
reduce the over-representation of Black children in foster
care by eliminating biases in the removal decisions of
investigators. We first show that over-representation in
most foster care systems is driven by Black children being
substantially more likely than White children to be
investigated for maltreatment to begin with. Conditional on
initial rates of investigation, investigators remove White
and Black children similarly. Second, we find no evidence
that blind removals impacted the already small racial
disparities in the removal decision, but they substantially
increased time to removal.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.22461},
Key = {fds361185}
}
@article{fds363060,
Author = {Gross, M and Baron, EJ},
Title = {Temporary Stays and Persistent Gains: The Causal Effects of
Foster Care},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {170-199},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/APP.20200204},
Abstract = {Six percent of children in the United States enter foster
care by age 18. We estimate the effects of foster care on
children's outcomes by exploiting the quasi-random
assignment of child welfare investigators in Michigan. We
find that foster care improved children's safety and
educational outcomes. Gains emerged after children exited
the foster system when most were reunified with their birth
parents, suggesting that improvements made by their parents
were an important mechanism. These results indicate that
safely reducing the use of foster care, a goal of recent
federal legislation, requires more effective in-home,
prevention-focused efforts. (JEL H75, I21, J13,
K42)},
Doi = {10.1257/APP.20200204},
Key = {fds363060}
}
@article{fds366765,
Author = {Baron, EJ},
Title = {School Spending and Student Outcomes: Evidence from Revenue
Limit Elections in Wisconsin†},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20200226},
Abstract = {This study examines the impacts of two distinct types of
school spending on student outcomes. State-imposed revenue
limits cap the total amount of revenue that a school
district in Wisconsin can raise unless the district holds a
referendum asking voters to exceed the cap. Importantly,
Wisconsin law requires districts to hold separate referenda
for operational and capital expenditures, which allows for
estimating their independent effects. Leveraging close
elections in a dynamic regression discontinuity framework, I
find that increases in operational spending have substantial
positive effects on test scores, dropout rates, and
postsecondary enrollment, but additional capital
expenditures have little impact.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.20200226},
Key = {fds366765}
}
@misc{fds359300,
Author = {Baron, EJ},
Title = {Union Reform, Performance Pay, and New Teacher Supply:
Evidence from Wisconsin's Act 10},
Journal = {AEA Papers and Proceedings},
Volume = {111},
Pages = {445-449},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211039},
Abstract = {<jats:p> This study examines the impact of performance pay
on teacher selection. I exploit a shift toward performance
pay in Wisconsin induced by the enactment of Act 10, which
gave school districts autonomy to redesign their
compensation schemes. Following the law, half of Wisconsin
school districts eliminated salary schedules and started
negotiating pay with individual teachers based on
performance. Comparing the quantity of teaching degrees in
Wisconsin institutions before and after Act 10, and relative
to those in similar states, I find that Act 10 led to a 20
percent increase in teaching degrees. This effect was
entirely driven by selective universities.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/pandp.20211039},
Key = {fds359300}
}
@article{fds359301,
Author = {Baron, EJ and Goldstein, EG and Wallace, CT},
Title = {Suffering in silence: How COVID-19 school closures inhibit
the reporting of child maltreatment},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {190},
Pages = {104258-104258},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104258},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104258},
Key = {fds359301}
}
%% Barseghyan, Levon
@article{fds337405,
Author = {Barseghyan, L and Molinari, F and O'Donoghue, T and Teitelbaum,
JC},
Title = {Estimating risk preferences in the field},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {501-564},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161148},
Abstract = {© 2018 American Economic Association. All rights reserved.
We survey the literature on estimating risk preferences
using field data. We concentrate our attention on studies in
which risk preferences are the focal object and estimating
their structure is the core enterprise. We review a number
of models of risk preferences-including both expected
utility (EU) theory and non-EU models-that have been
estimated using field data, and we highlight issues related
to identification and estimation of such models using field
data. We then survey the literature, giving separate
treatment to research that uses individual-level data (e.g.,
property-insurance data) and research that uses aggregate
data (e.g., betting-market data). We conclude by discussing
directions for future research.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20161148},
Key = {fds337405}
}
@article{fds337406,
Author = {Barseghyan, L and Coate, S},
Title = {Property taxation, zoning, and efficiency in a dynamic
Tiebout model},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-38},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20150050},
Abstract = {This paper presents a dynamic Tiebout model and uses it to
revisit a classic argument in public finance. The argument,
due to Hamilton (1975), is that a system of governments
financing services with property taxes will produce an
efficient allocation of housing and services if governments
can implement zoning ordinances. In the model, when
governments choose zoning along with taxes and services,
there does not exist an equilibrium that is both efficient
and locally stable. Moreover, there exists an equilibrium in
which governments over-zone and households overconsume
housing. These findings challenge the Benefit View of the
property tax.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.20150050},
Key = {fds337406}
}
%% Bayer, Patrick
@article{fds339569,
Author = {Bayer, P and Charles, KK},
Title = {Divergent paths: A new perspective on earnings differences
between black and white men since 1940},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {133},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1459-1501},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/QJE/QJY003},
Abstract = {We present new evidence on the evolution of black-white
earnings differences among all men, including both workers
and nonworkers. We study two measures: (i) the level
earnings gap-the racial earnings difference at a given
quantile; and (ii) the earnings rank gap-the difference
between a black man's percentile in the black earnings
distribution and the position he would hold in the white
earnings distribution. After narrowing from 1940 to
themid-1970s, the median black-white level earnings gap has
since grown as large as it was in 1950. At the same time,
the median black man's relative position in the earnings
distribution has remained essentially constant since 1940,
so that the improvement then worsening of median relative
earnings have come mainly from the stretching and narrowing
of the overall earnings distribution. Black men at higher
percentiles have experienced significant advances in
relative earnings since 1940, due mainly to strong
positional gains among those with college educations. Large
relative schooling gains by blacks at the median and below
have been more than counteracted by rising return to skill
in the labor market, which has increasingly penalized
remaining racial differences in schooling at the bottom of
the distribution.},
Doi = {10.1093/QJE/QJY003},
Key = {fds339569}
}
@article{fds329908,
Author = {Bayer, P and Casey, M and Ferreira, F and McMillan,
R},
Title = {Racial and ethnic price differentials in the housing
market},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {102},
Pages = {91-105},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2017.07.004},
Abstract = {Do minorities pay more than whites for similar housing? We
revisit this important question using a rich new dataset
that covers two million repeat-sales housing transactions
drawn from four major metropolitan areas. Our analysis
applies a repeat-sales framework, including house and
neighborhood-by-time fixed effects to control for unobserved
differences in the quality of homes and their associated
neighborhoods. In contrast to most of the recent literature,
we find that black and Hispanic homebuyers pay premia of
around 2% on average across the four cities – differences
not explained by variation in buyer income or access to
credit. We also show black and Hispanic buyers pay more for
housing regardless of the race or ethnicity of the seller,
suggesting that the estimated premia are unlikely to be
driven by a very direct form of racial prejudice. Our
estimates have implications for the levels and persistence
of racial differences in home ownership, the segregation of
neighborhoods, and the dynamics of wealth
accumulation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2017.07.004},
Key = {fds329908}
}
@article{fds326172,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ferreira, F and Ross, SL},
Title = {The Vulnerability of Minority Homeowners in the Housing Boom
and Bust: Corrigendum},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {344-345},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.9.1.346},
Abstract = {In "The Vulnerability of Minority Homeowners in the Housing
Boom and Bust" by Patrick Bayer, Fernando Ferreira, and
Stephen L. Ross, published in the American Economic Journal:
Economic Policy 8(1): 1-27, the data for foreclosures (on
the left-hand side) were duplicated under the delinquencies
(on the right-hand side). The figure, with the correct
delinquencies data is below.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.9.1.346},
Key = {fds326172}
}
@article{fds321812,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Blevins, JR and Ellickson,
PB},
Title = {Estimation of dynamic discrete choice models in continuous
time with an application to retail competition},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3},
Pages = {889-931},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdw012},
Abstract = {This article develops a dynamic model of retail competition
and uses it to study the impact of the expansion of a new
national competitor on the structure of urban markets. In
order to accommodate substantial heterogeneity (both
observed and unobserved) across agents and markets, the
article first develops a general framework for estimating
and solving dynamic discrete choice models in continuous
time that is computationally light and readily applicable to
dynamic games. In the proposed framework, players face a
standard dynamic discrete choice problem at decision times
that occur stochastically. The resulting
stochastic-sequential structure naturally admits the use of
conditional choice probability methods for estimation and
makes it possible to compute counterfactual simulations for
relatively high-dimensional games. The model and method are
applied to the retail grocery industry, into which Walmart
began rapidly expanding in the early 1990s, eventually
attaining a dominant position. We find that Walmart's
expansion into groceries came mostly at the expense of the
large incumbent supermarket chains, rather than the
single-store outlets that bore the brunt of its earlier
conquest of the broader general merchandise sector. Instead,
we find that independent grocers actually thrive when
Walmart enters, leading to an overall reduction in market
concentration. These competitive effects are strongest in
larger markets and those into which Walmart expanded most
rapidly, suggesting a diminishing role of scale and a
greater emphasis on differentiation in this previously
mature industry.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdw012},
Key = {fds321812}
}
@article{fds321813,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R and Murphy, A and Timmins,
C},
Title = {A Dynamic Model of Demand for Houses and
Neighborhoods},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {893-942},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10170},
Abstract = {This paper develops a dynamic model of neighborhood choice
along with a computationally light multi-step estimator. The
proposed empirical framework captures observed and
unobserved preference heterogeneity across households and
locations in a flexible way. We estimate the model using a
newly assembled data set that matches demographic
information from mortgage applications to the universe of
housing transactions in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1994
to 2004. The results provide the first estimates of the
marginal willingness to pay for several non-marketed
amenities-neighborhood air pollution, violent crime, and
racial composition-in a dynamic framework. Comparing these
estimates with those from a static version of the model
highlights several important biases that arise when dynamic
considerations are ignored.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10170},
Key = {fds321813}
}
@article{fds320558,
Author = {Anwar, S and Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R},
Title = {A Jury of Her Peers: The Impact of the First Female Jurors
on Criminal Convictions},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {205},
Pages = {49 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {This paper uses an original data set of more than 3000 cases
from 1918 to 1926 in the Central Criminal Courts of London
to study the effect of the Sex Disqualification (Removal)
Act of 1919. Implemented in 1921, this Act made females
eligible to serve on English juries, providing a novel
setting for studying the impact of female representation on
jury verdicts. Results based on a pre-post research design
imply that the inclusion of females had little effect on
overall conviction rates but resulted in a large and
significant increase in convictions for sex offenses and on
the conviction rate differential between violent crime cases
with female versus male victims. The inclusion of women also
increased the likelihood of juries being discharged without
reaching a verdict on all charges and the average time taken
to reach a verdict. A complementary analysis of cases in
which the jury was carried over from a previous trial also
implies that the inclusion of female jurors on the seated
jury sharply increased conviction rates for violent crimes
against women versus men.},
Key = {fds320558}
}
@article{fds320559,
Author = {Bayer, P and Mangum, K and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Speculative Fever: Investor Contagion in the Housing
Bubble},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {111},
Number = {211},
Pages = {51 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/AER.20171611},
Abstract = {Historical anecdotes of new investors being drawn into a
booming asset market, only to suffer when the market turns,
abound. While the role of investor contagion in asset
bubbles has been explored extensively in the theoretical
literature, causal empirical evidence on the topic is
virtually non-existent. This paper studies the recent boom
and bust in the U.S. housing market, and establishes that
many novice investors entered the market as a direct result
of observing investing activity of multiple forms in their
own neighborhoods, and that “infected” investors
performed poorly relative to other investors along several
dimensions.},
Doi = {10.1257/AER.20171611},
Key = {fds320559}
}
@article{fds320560,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ferreira, F and Ross, S},
Title = {What Drives Racial and Ethnic Differences in High Cost
Mortgages? The Role of High Risk Lenders},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {206},
Pages = {57 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {This paper examines racial and ethnic differences in high
cost mortgage lending in seven diverse metropolitan areas
from 2004-2007. Even after controlling for credit score and
other key risk factors, African-American and Hispanic home
buyers are 105 and 78 percent more likely to have high cost
mortgages for home purchases. The increased incidence of
high cost mortgages is attributable to both sorting across
lenders (60-65 percent) and differential treatment of
equally qualified borrowers by lenders (35-40 percent). The
vast majority of the racial and ethnic differences across
lender can be explained by a single measure of the
lender’s foreclosure risk and most of the within-lender
differences are concentrated at high-risk lenders. Thus,
differential exposure to high-risk lenders combined with the
differential treatment by these lenders explains almost all
of the racial and ethnic differences in high cost mortgage
borrowing.},
Key = {fds320560}
}
@article{fds320561,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ferreira, F and Ross, SL},
Title = {The Vulnerability of Minority Homeowners in the Housing Boom
and Bust},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-27},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20140074},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.20140074},
Key = {fds320561}
}
@article{fds320562,
Author = {Anwar, S and Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R},
Title = {Politics in the Courtroom: Political Ideology and Jury
Decision Making},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {187},
Pages = {60 pages},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {This paper uses data from the Gothenburg District Court in
Sweden and a research design that exploits the random
assignment of politically appointed jurors (termed
nämndemän) to make three contributions to the literature
on jury decision-making: (i) an assessment of whether
systematic biases exist in the Swedish nämndemän system,
(ii) causal evidence on the impact of juror political party
on verdicts, and (iii) an empirical examination of the role
of peer effects in jury decision-making. The results reveal
a number of systematic biases: convictions for young
defendants and those with distinctly Arabic sounding names
increase substantially when they are randomly assigned
jurors from the far-right (nationalist) Swedish Democrat
party, while convictions in cases with a female victim
increase markedly when they are assigned jurors from the
far-left (feminist) Vänster party. The results also
indicate the presence of peer effects, with jurors from both
the far-left and far-right parties drawing the votes of
their more centrist peers towards their positions. Peer
effects take the form of both sway effects, where jurors
influence the opinions of their closest peers in a way that
can impact trial outcomes, and dissent aversion, where
jurors switch non-pivotal votes so that the decision is
unanimous.},
Key = {fds320562}
}
@article{fds325830,
Author = {Bayer, PJ and Geissler, C and Mangum, K and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {Speculators and Middlemen: The Strategy and Performance of
Investors in the Housing Market},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {93},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325830}
}
@article{fds320563,
Author = {Anenberg, E and Bayer, P},
Title = {Endogenous Sources of Volatility in Housing Markets: The
Joint Buyer-Seller Problem},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {141},
Pages = {63 pages},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper presents new empirical evidence that internal
movement - selling one home and buying another - by existing
homeowners within a metropolitan housing market is
especially volatile and the main driver of fluctuations in
transaction volume over the housing market cycle. We develop
a dynamic search equilibrium model that shows that the
strong pro-cyclicality of internal movement is driven by the
cost of simultaneously holding two homes, which varies
endogenously over the cycle. We estimate the model using
data on prices, volume, time-on-market, and internal moves
drawn from Los Angeles from 1988-2008 and use the fitted
model to show that frictions related to the joint
buyer-seller problem: (i) substantially amplify booms and
busts in the housing market, (ii) create counter-cyclical
build-ups of mismatch of existing owners with their homes,
and (iii) generate externalities that induce significant
welfare loss and excess price volatility.},
Key = {fds320563}
}
@article{fds237892,
Author = {Anwar, S and Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R},
Title = {The Role of Age in Jury Selection and Trial
Outcomes},
Journal = {The Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1001-1030},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675257},
Doi = {10.1086/675257},
Key = {fds237892}
}
@article{fds320564,
Author = {Bayer, P and Casey, M and Ferreira, F and McMillan,
R},
Title = {Estimating Racial Price Differentials in the Housing
Market},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {142},
Pages = {30 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This paper uses unique panel data covering over two million
repeat-sales housing transactions from four metropolitan
areas to test for the presence of racial price differentials
in the housing market. Drawing on the strengths of these
data, our research design controls carefully for unobserved
differences in the quality of neighborhoods and the homes
purchased by buyers of each race. We find that black and
Hispanic homebuyers pay premiums of about three percent on
average across the four cities, differences that are not
explained by variation in buyer income, wealth or access to
credit. Further, the estimated premiums do not vary
significantly with the racial composition of the
neighborhood; nor, strikingly, do they vary with the race of
the seller. This latter finding suggests that racial
prejudice on the part of sellers is not the primary
explanation for the robust premiums we uncover. The results
have implications for the evolution of racial differences in
wealth and home ownership and the persistence of residential
segregation.},
Key = {fds320564}
}
@article{fds237893,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Bugni, FA and James,
J},
Title = {Approximating High-Dimensional Dynamic Models: Sieve Value
Function Iteration},
Journal = {Advances in Econometrics},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {45-95},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0731-9053},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Abstract = {Many dynamic problems in economics are characterized by
large state spaces which make both computing and estimating
the model infeasible. We introduce a method for
approximating the value function of highdimensional dynamic
models based on sieves and establish results for the (a)
consistency, (b) rates of convergence, and (c) bounds on the
error of approximation. We embed this method for
approximating the solution to the dynamic problem within an
estimation routine and prove that it provides consistent
estimates of the modelik's parameters. We provide Monte
Carlo evidence that our method can successfully be used to
approximate models that would otherwise be infeasible to
compute, suggesting that these techniques may substantially
broaden the class of models that can be solved and
estimated. Copyright © 2013 by Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Key = {fds237893}
}
@article{fds237896,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R},
Title = {Tiebout sorting and neighborhood stratification},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {96},
Number = {11-12},
Pages = {1129-1143},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2012.02.006},
Abstract = {Tiebout's classic 1956 paper has strong implications
regarding stratification across and within jurisdictions,
predicting in the simplest instance a hierarchy of
internally homogeneous communities ordered by income.
Typically, urban areas are less than fully stratified, and
the question arises, how much do departures from standard
Tiebout assumptions contribute to observed
within-neighborhood mixing? This paper quantifies the
separate effects of employment geography (via costly
commuting) and preferences for housing attributes on
neighborhood stratification. It does so using an equilibrium
sorting model, estimated with rich Census micro-data.
Simulations based on the model and credible preference
estimates show that counterfactual reductions in commuting
costs lead to marked increases in racial and education
segregation and, to a lesser degree, increases in income
segregation, given that households now find it easier to
locate in neighborhoods with like households. While turning
off preferences for housing characteristics increases racial
segregation, especially for blacks, doing so reduces income
segregation, indicating that heterogeneity in the housing
stock serves to stratify households based on ability-to-pay.
Further, we show that differences in housing help to
accentuate differences in the consumption of local
amenities.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2012.02.006},
Key = {fds237896}
}
@article{fds237897,
Author = {Anwar, S and Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R},
Title = {The impact of jury race in criminal trials},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {127},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1017-1055},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjs014},
Abstract = {This article examines the impact of jury racial composition
on trial outcomes using a data set of felony trials in
Florida between 2000 and 2010. We use a research design that
exploits day-to-day variation in the composition of the jury
pool to isolate quasi-random variation in the composition of
the seated jury, finding evidence that (i) juries formed
from all-white jury pools convict black defendants
significantly (16 percentage points) more often than white
defendants, and (ii) this gap in conviction rates is
entirely eliminated when the jury pool includes at least one
black member. The impact of jury race is much greater than
what a simple correlation of the race of the seated jury and
conviction rates would suggest. These findings imply that
the application of justice is highly uneven and raise
obvious concerns about the fairness of trials in
jurisdictions with a small proportion of blacks in the jury
pool. © The Author(s) 2012. Published by Oxford University
Press, on the behalf of President and Fellows of Harvard
College. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjs014},
Key = {fds237897}
}
@article{fds320565,
Author = {Bayer, P and Casey, M and Ferreira, F and McMillan,
R},
Title = {Price Discrimination in the Housing Market},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {127},
Pages = {29 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This paper sets out a new research design to test for price
discrimination by sellers in the housing market. The design
controls carefully for unobserved differences in the quality
of neighborhoods and homes purchased by buyers of each race,
using novel panel data from over two million repeat-sales
housing transactions in four metropolitan areas. The results
indicate that black and Hispanic homebuyers pay premiums of
around 3 percent on average across the four cities –
differences that are not explained by variation in buyer
income, wealth or access to credit. The estimated premiums
do not vary significantly with the racial composition of the
neighborhood or, most strikingly, the race of the seller.
This latter result rules out racial prejudice or animosity
on the part of sellers as the primary explanation for the
estimated premiums.},
Key = {fds320565}
}
@article{fds320566,
Author = {Anwar, S and Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R},
Title = {A Fair and Impartial Jury? The Role of Age in Jury Selection
and Trial Outcomes},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {125},
Pages = {26 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {This paper uses data from over 700 felony trials in Sarasota
and Lake Counties in Florida from 2000-2010 to examine the
role of age in jury selection and trial outcomes. The
results of the analysis imply that prosecutors are more
likely to use their peremptory challenges to exclude younger
members of the jury pool, while defense attorneys exclude
older potential jurors. Having established that age has an
important role in jury selection, the paper employs a
research design that isolates the effect of the random
variation in the age composition of the pool of eligible
jurors called for jury duty to examine the causal impact of
age on trial outcomes. Consistent with the jury selection
patterns, the empirical evidence implies that older jurors
are indeed more likely to convict. These results are robust
to the inclusion of a broad set of controls for the racial
and gender composition of the jury and a series of county,
time, and judge fixed effects; almost identical effects are
estimated separately for each county. These findings have
implications for the role that the institution of peremptory
challenges has on a defendant’s right to a fair trial and
to an eligible citizen’s rights to serve on a
jury.},
Key = {fds320566}
}
@article{fds237895,
Author = {Bayer, P and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Nonparametric identification and estimation in a Roy model
with common nonpecuniary returns},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-215},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Abstract = {We consider identification and estimation of a Roy model
that includes a common nonpecuniary utility component
associated with each choice alternative. This augmented Roy
model has broader applications to many polychotomous choice
problems in addition to occupational sorting. We develop a
pair of nonparametric estimators for this model, derive
asymptotics, and illustrate small-sample properties with a
series of Monte Carlo experiments. We apply one of these
models to migration behavior and analyze the effect of Roy
sorting on observed returns to college education. Correcting
for Roy sorting bias, the returns to a college degree are
cut in half. This article has supplementary material online.
© 2011 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Key = {fds237895}
}
@article{fds237905,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ellickson, B and Ellickson, PB},
Title = {Dynamic asset pricing in a system of local housing
markets},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {368-372},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3351 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.100.2.368},
Key = {fds237905}
}
@article{fds174546,
Author = {P. Bayer and R. McMillan},
Title = {Choice and Competition in Education Markets},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds174546}
}
@article{fds186815,
Author = {P. Bayer and R. Hjalmarsson and S. Anwar},
Title = {Jury Discrimination in Criminal Trials},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds186815}
}
@article{fds186816,
Author = {P. Bayer R. McMillan},
Title = {Tiebout Sorting and Neighborhood Stratification},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds186816}
}
@techreport{RePEc:nbr:nberwo:13951,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Hizmo, A},
Title = {Beyond Signaling and Human Capital: Education and the
Revelation of Ability},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {13951},
Pages = {76-104},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284559000003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We provide evidence that college graduation plays a direct
role in revealing ability to the labor market. Using the
NLSY79, our results suggest that ability is observed nearly
perfectly for college graduates, but is revealed to the
labor market more gradually for high school graduates.
Consequently, from the beginning of their careers, college
graduates are paid in accordance with their own ability,
while the wages of high school graduates are initially
unrelated to their own ability. This view of ability
revelation in the labor market has considerable power in
explaining racial differences in wages, education, and
returns to ability.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.2.4.76},
Key = {RePEc:nbr:nberwo:13951}
}
@article{fds237903,
Author = {Bayer, PJ and Bernheim, BD and Scholz, JK},
Title = {The effects of financial education in the workplace:
Evidence from a survey of employers},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {605-624},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2031 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the effects of education on financial
decision-making skills by identifying an interesting source
of variation in pertinent training. During the 1990s, an
increasing number of individuals were exposed to programs of
financial education provided by their employers. If, as some
have argued, low saving frequently results from a failure to
appreciate economic vulnerabilities, then education of this
form could prove to have a powerful effect on behavior. The
current article undertakes an analysis of these programs
using a previously unexploited survey of employers. We find
that both participation in and contributions to voluntary
savings plans are significantly higher when employers offer
retirement seminars. The effect is typically much stronger
for nonhighly compensated employees than for highly
compensated employees. The frequency of seminars emerges as
a particularly important correlate of behavior. We are
unable to detect any effects of written materials, such as
newsletters and summary plan descriptions, regardless of
frequency. We also present evidence on other determinants of
plan activity. © 2008 Western Economic Association
International.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.2008.00156.x},
Key = {fds237903}
}
@article{fds237902,
Author = {Bayer, P and Keohane, N and Timmins, C},
Title = {Migration and hedonic valuation: The case of air
quality},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2025 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Conventional hedonic techniques for estimating the value of
local amenities rely on the assumption that households move
freely among locations. We show that when moving is costly,
the variation in housing prices and wages across locations
may no longer reflect the value of differences in local
amenities. We develop an alternative discrete-choice
approach that models the household location decision
directly, and we apply it to the case of air quality in US
metro areas in 1990 and 2000. Because air pollution is
likely to be correlated with unobservable local
characteristics such as economic activity, we instrument for
air quality using the contribution of distant sources to
local pollution-excluding emissions from local sources,
which are most likely to be correlated with local
conditions. Our model yields an estimated elasticity of
willingness to pay with respect to air quality of 0.34-0.42.
These estimates imply that the median household would pay
$149-$185 (in constant 1982-1984 dollars) for a one-unit
reduction in average ambient concentrations of particulate
matter. These estimates are three times greater than the
marginal willingness to pay estimated by a conventional
hedonic model using the same data. Our results are robust to
a range of covariates, instrumenting strategies, and
functional form assumptions. The findings also confirm the
importance of instrumenting for local air pollution. © 2009
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.004},
Key = {fds237902}
}
@article{fds237904,
Author = {Bayer, P and Hjalmarsson, R and Pozen, D},
Title = {Building criminal capital behind bars: Peer effects in
juvenile corrections},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {124},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105-147},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1996 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes the influence that juvenile offenders
serving time in the same correctional facility have on each
other's subsequent criminal behavior. The analysis is based
on data on over 8,000 individuals serving time in 169
juvenile correctional facilities during a two-year period in
Florida. These data provide a complete record of past
crimes, facility assignments, and arrests and adjudications
in the year following release for each individual. Tb
control for the nonrandom assignment to facilities, we
include facility and facility-by-prior-offense fixed
effects, thereby estimating peer effects using only
within-facility variation over time. We find strong evidence
of peer effects for burglary, petty larceny, felony and
misdemeanor drug offenses, aggravated assault, and felony
sex offenses. The influence of peers primarily affects
individuals who already have some experience in a particular
crime category. We also find evidence that the predominant
types of peer effects differ in residential versus
nonresidential facilities; effects in the latter are
consistent with network formation among youth serving time
close to home. © 2009 by the President and fellows of
Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.2009.124.1.105},
Key = {fds237904}
}
@techreport{RePEc:ecl:yaleco:9,
Author = {Bayer, P and Fang, H and McMillan, R},
Title = {Separate When Equal? Racial Inequality and Residential
Segregation},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Volume = {82},
Pages = {32-48},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/ecl/yaleco/9.html},
Abstract = {This paper sets out a new mechanism, involving the emergence
of middle-class black neighborhoods, that can lead
segregation in American cities to increase as racial
inequality narrows. The formation of such neighborhoods
requires a critical mass of highly educated blacks in the
population and leads to an increase in segregation when
those communities are attractive for blacks who otherwise
would reside in middle-class white neighborhoods. To assess
the empirical importance of this "neighborhood formation"
mechanism, we propose a two-part research design. First,
inequality and segregation should be negatively related in
cross section for older blacks if our mechanism operates
strongly, as we find using both the 1990 and 2000 Censuses.
Second, a negative relationship should also be apparent over
time, particularly for older blacks. Here, we show that
increased educational attainment of blacks relative to
whites in a city between 1990 and 2000 leads to a
significant rise in segregation, especially for older
blacks, and to a marked increase in the number of
middle-class black communities. These findings draw
attention to a negative feedback loop between racial
inequality and segregation that has implications for the
dynamics of both phenomena. © 2014 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2014.05.002},
Key = {RePEc:ecl:yaleco:9}
}
@techreport{RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11802,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R},
Title = {Choice and Competition in Local Education
Markets},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Number = {11802},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/11802.html},
Abstract = {Prompted by widespread concerns about public school quality,
a growing empirical literature has measured the effects of
greater choice on school performance. This paper contributes
to that literature in three ways. First, it makes the
observation that the overall effect of greater choice, which
has been the focus of prior research, can be decomposed into
demand and supply components: knowing the relative sizes of
the two is very relevant for policy. Second, using rich data
from a large metropolitan area, it provides a direct and
intuitive measure of the competition each school faces. This
takes the form of a school-specific elasticity that measures
the extent to which reductions in school quality would lead
to reductions in demand. Third, the paper provides evidence
that these elasticity measures are strongly related to
school performance: a one-standard deviation increase in the
competitiveness of a school's local environment within the
Bay Area leads to a 0.15 standard deviation increase in
average test scores. This positive correlation is robust and
is consistent with strong supply responsiveness on the part
of public schools, of relevance to the broader school choice
debate.},
Key = {RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11802}
}
@article{fds237907,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ferreira, F and McMillan, R},
Title = {Tiebout Sorting, Social Multipliers and the Demand for
School Quality},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2033 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds237907}
}
@article{RePEc:ucp:jpolec:v:116:y:2008:i:6:p:1150,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ross, SL and Topa, G},
Title = {Place of work and place of residence: Informal hiring
networks and labor market outcomes},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {116},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1150-1196},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/a/ucp/jpolec/v116y2008i6p1150-1196.html},
Abstract = {We use a novel research design to empirically detect the
effect of social interactions on labor market outcomes.
Using Census data on residential and employment locations,
we examine whether individuals residing in the same city
block are more likely to work together than those in nearby
blocks. We find evidence of significant social interactions.
The estimated referral effect is stronger when individuals
are similar in sociodemographic characteristics. These
findings are robust across specifications intended to
address sorting and reverse causation. Further, the
increased availability of neighborhood referrals has a
significant impact on a wide range of labor market outcomes.
© 2008 by The University of Chicago. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/595975},
Key = {RePEc:ucp:jpolec:v:116:y:2008:i:6:p:1150}
}
@misc{fds237894,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R},
Title = {Distinguishing racial preferences in the housing market:
Theory and evidence},
Pages = {225-244},
Booktitle = {Hedonic Methods in Housing Markets: Pricing Environmental
Amenities and Segregation},
Publisher = {Springer New York},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780387768144},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76815-1_11},
Abstract = {Given the extent of residential segregation on the basis of
race and ethnicity in U.S. cities, it is unsurprising that a
long line of research in social science has attempted to
better-understand the causes and consequences of
segregation. One prominent branch of that literature has
used housing market data on the observed patterns of
residential sorting and corresponding housing prices to make
inferences about (i) the nature of household preferences for
the racial composition of their neighborhoods and (ii) the
extent to which segregation is driven by centralized
discriminatory forces versus the decentralized location
decisions of households, given their preferences (Zabel,
this Volume, and Hite, this Volume).1 © 2008
Springer-Verlag New York.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-76815-1_11},
Key = {fds237894}
}
@article{fds237901,
Author = {Bayer, P and Ferreira, F and McMillan, R},
Title = {A unified framework for measuring preferences for schools
and neighborhoods},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {115},
Number = {4},
Pages = {588-638},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2014 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper develops a framework for estimating household
preferences for school and neighborhood attributes in the
presence of sorting. It embeds a boundary discontinuity
design in a heterogeneous residential choice model,
addressing the endogeneity of school and neighborhood
characteristics. The model is estimated using
restricted-access Census data from a large metropolitan
area, yielding a number of new results. First, households
are willing to pay less than 1 percent more in house prices
- substantially lower than previous estimates - when the
average performance of the local school increases by 5
percent. Second, much of the apparent willingness to pay for
more educated and wealthier neighbors is explained by the
correlation of these sociodemographic measures with
unobserved neighborhood quality. Third, neighborhood race is
not capitalized directly into housing prices; instead, the
negative correlation of neighborhood percent black and
housing prices is due entirely to the fact that blacks live
in unobservably lower-quality neighborhoods. Finally, there
is considerable heterogeneity in preferences for schools and
neighbors, with households preferring to self-segregate on
the basis of both race and education. © 2007 by The
University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/522381},
Key = {fds237901}
}
@article{RePEc:ecj:econjl:v:117:y:2007:i:518:p:35,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating equilibrium models of sorting across
locations},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {117},
Number = {518},
Pages = {353-374},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2026 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {While there is growing interest in measuring the size and
scope of local spillovers, it is well understood that such
spillovers cannot be distinguished from unobservable local
attributes using solely the observed location decisions of
individuals or firms. We propose an empirical strategy for
recovering estimates of spillovers in the presence of
unobserved local attributes for a broadly applicable class
of equilibrium sorting models. Our approach relies on an IV
strategy derived from the internal logic of the sorting
model itself. We show practically how the strategy is
implemented, provide intuition for our instruments, discuss
the role of effective choice-set variation in identifying
the model, and carry-out a series of Monte Carlo simulations
to demonstrate performance in small samples. © 2007 The
Author(s). Journal compilation Royal Economic Society
2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02021.x},
Key = {RePEc:ecj:econjl:v:117:y:2007:i:518:p:35}
}
@techreport{RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11813,
Author = {Patrick Bayer and Robert McMillan},
Title = {Racial Sorting and Neighborhood Quality},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Number = {11813},
Organization = {National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc},
Institution = {National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/11813.html},
Key = {RePEc:nbr:nberwo:11813}
}
@article{RePEc:ucp:jlawec:y:2005:v:48:i:2:p:549-8,
Author = {Bayer, P and Pozen, DE},
Title = {The effectiveness of juvenile correctional facilities:
Public versus private management},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {549-589},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2575 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper uses data on juvenile offenders released from
correctional facilities in Florida to explore the effects of
facility management type (private for-profit, private
nonprofit, public state-operated, and public
county-operated) on recidivism outcomes and costs. The data
provide detailed information on individual characteristics,
criminal and correctional histories, judge-assigned
restrictiveness levels, and home zip codes -allowing us to
control for the nonrandom assignment of individuals to
facilities far better than any previous study. Relative to
all other management types, for-profit management leads to a
statistically significant increase in recidivism, but
relative to nonprofit and state-operated facilities,
for-profit facilities operate at a lower cost to the
government per comparable individual released. Cost-benefit
analysis implies that the short-run savings offered by
for-profit over nonprofit management are negated in the long
run due to increased recidivism rates, even if one measures
the benefits of reducing criminal activity as only the
avoided costs of additional confinement. © 2005 by The
University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/497526},
Key = {RePEc:ucp:jlawec:y:2005:v:48:i:2:p:549-8}
}
@article{RePEc:eee:juecon:v:57:y:2005:i:3:p:462-4,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {On the equilibrium properties of locational sorting
models},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {462-477},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/juecon/v57y2005i3p462-477.html},
Abstract = {Important to many models of location choice is the role of
local interactions or spillovers, whereby the payoffs from
choosing a location depend in part on the number or
attributes of other individuals or firms that choose the
same or nearby locations in equilibrium. This paper develops
the equilibrium properties of a broadly applicable and
readily estimable class of sorting models that allow
location decisions to depend on both fixed local attributes
(including unobserved attributes) and local interactions,
describes the conditions under which equilibria exist and
are unique, and provides a test for uniqueness in empirical
analyses of sorting equilibrium. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2004.12.008},
Key = {RePEc:eee:juecon:v:57:y:2005:i:3:p:462-4}
}
@article{fds237908,
Author = {Bayer, P and Rueben, RMK},
Title = {An Equilibrium Model of Sorting in an Urban Housing
Market},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2038 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper introduces an equilibrium framework for analyzing
residential sorting, designed to take advantage of newly
available restricted-access Census microdata. The framework
adds an equilibrium concept to the discrete choice framework
developed by McFadden (1973, 1978), permitting a more
flexible characterization of preferences than has been
possible in previously estimated sorting models. Using data
on nearly a quarter of a million households residing in the
San Francisco Bay Area in 1990, our estimates provide a
precise characterization of preferences for many housing and
neighborhood attributes, showing how demand for these
attributes varies with a household's income, race,
education, and family structure. We use the equilibrium
model in combination with these estimates to explore the
effects of an increase in income inequality, the findings
indicating that much of the increased spending power of the
rich is absorbed by higher housing prices.},
Key = {fds237908}
}
@article{RePEc:eee:juecon:v:56:y:2004:i:3:p:514-5,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R and Rueben, KS},
Title = {What drives racial segregation? New evidence using Census
microdata},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {514-535},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/juecon/v56y2004i3p514-535.html},
Abstract = {Using restricted Census microdata that link households to
the Census block in which they live, this paper re-examines
the question of whether racial differences in
sociodemographic characteristics can explain observed levels
of racial segregation. We develop a simple measurement
framework designed to make use of the rich joint
distribution of individual and neighborhood characteristics
that these data provide, analyzing segregation patterns in
the San Francisco Bay Area. The results indicate that racial
differences in the collective set of characteristics we
consider do have the potential to explain a considerable
amount of the observed segregation, although more so for
Asians and especially Hispanics than whites and blacks.
Different sociodemographic factors emerge as potentially
important for each race. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2004.06.002},
Key = {RePEc:eee:juecon:v:56:y:2004:i:3:p:514-5}
}
@article{fds326173,
Author = {Bayer, PJ and Timmins, C},
Title = {A Note on the Equilibrium Properties of Locational Sorting
Models},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds326173}
}
%% Becker, Charles M.
@article{fds376882,
Author = {Ye, VY and Becker, CM},
Title = {Moving mountains: Geography, neighborhood sorting, and
spatial income segregation},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jors.12697},
Abstract = {Using a novel geospatial panel combined with data from the
2015 American Community Survey (ACS), we investigate the
effect of topography—altitude and terrain unevenness—on
income segregation at the neighborhood level. Specifically,
we perform large-scale counterfactual simulations by
estimating household preferences for topography, altering
the topographical profile of each city, and observing the
resulting neighborhood sorting outcome. We find that
unevenness contributes to the segmentation of markets: in
the absence of hilliness, rich and poor households
experience greater mixing. Hillier cities are more
income-segregated because of their unevenness; the opposite
is true for flatter cities.},
Doi = {10.1111/jors.12697},
Key = {fds376882}
}
@article{fds370402,
Author = {Morgenstern, G and Becker, C},
Title = {Race and Subprime Lending Frequency: Understanding Subprime
Lending's Role in the St. Louis Vacancy Crisis},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00346446231164167},
Abstract = {Using loan-level data, this analysis considers the
intersection of race, subprime home loans, and the current
vacancy crisis in St. Louis, Missouri. Borrowers in Black
areas in the north of St. Louis City and St. Louis County
received subprime home loans at higher frequencies during
the subprime boom period of 2003–2007 than those in White
areas, with differences in balloon loans especially stark.
Specifically, borrowers in Black neighborhoods received
subprime loans more frequently than those with equal FICO
scores in White neighborhoods. As a result of these
differential loan terms, North City and inner ring “First
Suburb” areas saw more foreclosure and borrower payment
delinquency, which in turn were highly associated with home
vacancy, controlling for other risk factors. However,
foreclosure was no longer a significant predictor of home
vacancy after controlling for demographic factors and FICO
score, indicating that the unequal loan terms may have
driven much of the increase in home vacancy in the St. Louis
area since the Great Recession.},
Doi = {10.1177/00346446231164167},
Key = {fds370402}
}
@article{fds371351,
Author = {Becker, C and Devine, P and Dogo, H and Margolin,
E},
Title = {Marking Territory: Modeling the Spread of Ethnic Conflict in
Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-1995},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {266},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds371351}
}
@article{fds371352,
Author = {Turaeva, MR and Becker, CM},
Title = {Daughters-In-Law and Domestic Violence: Patrilocal Marriage
in Tajikistan},
Journal = {Feminist Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {60-88},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2060518},
Abstract = {Patrilocal marriage–living in the husband’s natal
household–affects Central Asian women and their choices in
family planning, labor force participation, and human
capital investment. While anthropological evidence suggests
that elder household members play a key role in the lives of
junior women, empirical studies are scarce. This study uses
Tajikistan’s 2012 Demographic and Health Survey (TJDHS) to
explore the link between domestic violence and the living
arrangements of daughters-in-law (DILs). Controlling on
observables, propensity score matching (PSM) generates a
positive treatment effect: women living with in-laws are far
more likely to experience emotional abuse by their husbands.
Treatment effects do not emerge between physical violence
and in-laws’ presence. Results show that these DILs are
about 3.6 times more likely than those living in nuclear
households to experience emotional abuse regardless of the
presence of the father-in-law, leading to the conclusion
that responsibility can be plausibly ascribed to the
mother-in-law. HIGHLIGHTS Domestic violence in
three-generational households is an understudied issue.
Patrilocal marriages whereby women live with parents-in-law
are common in Central Asia. Women residing patrilocally may
have limited ability to make independent choices. Tajik
women living with parents-in-law are more likely to endure
emotional abuse. A mother-in-law’s presence is linked to a
higher level of emotional abuse in a Tajik
household.},
Doi = {10.1080/13545701.2022.2060518},
Key = {fds371352}
}
@article{fds352778,
Author = {An, G and Becker, C and Cheng, E},
Title = {Bubbling Away: Forecasting Real Estate Prices, Rents, and
Bubbles in a Transition Economy},
Journal = {Comparative Economic Studies},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {263-317},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41294-020-00138-9},
Abstract = {Real housing prices have both surged and swooned in formerly
socialist countries. We use 2000–2017 aggregate housing
sales and rental price data from Kazakhstan to explore price
movements during boom and stagnation eras, investigating the
rent–price ratio’s (RPR) capacity to predict housing
returns and rent growth for an emerging post-Soviet economy.
RPR predicts returns better during periods of price
increases than declines, and its importance in predicting
the bubble component diminishes with time. Short-run RPR
changes are consistent with rational bubble behavior during
the period of secular upswing but different predictive
variables matter during price increases and
declines.},
Doi = {10.1057/s41294-020-00138-9},
Key = {fds352778}
}
@article{fds355549,
Author = {An, G and Becker, C and Cheng, E},
Title = {Housing price appreciation and economic integration in a
transition economy: Evidence from Kazakhstan},
Journal = {Journal of Housing Economics},
Volume = {52},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2021.101765},
Abstract = {This paper explores patterns of real estate price movements
in an emerging upper-middle income economy, Kazakhstan. The
country experienced an explosive, 11-fold increase in real
housing prices in urban areas between 2000 and 2007,
followed by a sharp decline and stabilization. This paper
traces the movements across different regions, types of
housing, unit size categories, and neighborhood types. We
find that prices moved together closely, implying a linked,
if not unified housing market, along with wealth effects
that were felt broadly throughout the urban
economy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhe.2021.101765},
Key = {fds355549}
}
@article{fds343393,
Author = {Becker, C and Rickert, T},
Title = {Zoned out? The determinants of manufactured housing rents:
Evidence from North Carolina},
Journal = {Journal of Housing Economics},
Volume = {46},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2019.03.003},
Abstract = {This paper explores determinants of manufactured housing
park (MHP) plot rents in North Carolina, with particular
focus on the distinction among high-growth urban parks and
small town/rural parks, and on the possible role played by
zoning restrictiveness. Little is known about how MHP rents
are determined, even though it is estimated that more than
10 million Americans live in MHPs. We implement a hedonic
model and an instrumental variables approach to examine the
relationship between MHP rents and local housing markets,
land use restrictions, and other factors. We find that,
contrary to expectations, zoning is strongly negatively
associated with park rents in periurban and rural parks, but
appears as a positive driver in high-growth cities. We then
extend this model to an out-of-sample prediction for MHPs
rents in Texas.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhe.2019.03.003},
Key = {fds343393}
}
@article{fds349908,
Author = {Steiner, S and Becker, CM},
Title = {How marriages based on bride capture differ: Evidence from
Kyrgyzstan},
Journal = {Demographic Research},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {579-592},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.20},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND A significant proportion of women in the Kyrgyz
Republic marry via ala kachuu, generally translated as bride
capture or kidnapping. Many regard this practice as harmless
elopement or a tradition; others perceive it as a form of
forced marriage. OBJECTIVE This paper contributes to the
understanding of ala kachuu by exploring the extent to which
couples in these marriages differ from those in arranged or
love marriages. METHODS We use the 2013 wave of the Life in
Kyrgyzstan survey to compute profile similarity indices for
the personality of couples. We then regress marriage type on
the profile similarity index, controlling for
sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Couples in marriages
resulting from bride capture are far less assortatively
matched on personality traits than other couples, especially
those who have only recently married. CONCLUSIONS This
greater dissimilarity is consistent with ala kachuu being
forced marriage rather than merely staged or ritualized
elopement. CONTRIBUTION This paper provides a novel source
of evidence on the possible nonconsensual nature of bride
capture in Kyrgyzstan, adding further weight to those
arguing that it is forced.},
Doi = {10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.20},
Key = {fds349908}
}
@article{fds338034,
Author = {Werner, C and Edling, C and Becker, C and Kim, E and Kleinbach, R and Sartbay, FE and Teachout, W},
Title = {Bride kidnapping in post-Soviet Eurasia: a roundtable
discussion},
Journal = {Central Asian Survey},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {582-601},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2018.1511519},
Abstract = {Throughout Eurasia, bride kidnapping continues to be a
fairly common way to get married. The practice is becoming
increasingly controversial. Some local actors argue the
practice is a cultural tradition, while others question its
acceptability, particularly when a woman is forced to marry
against her will. Many scholars, journalists and
non-governmental organization workers view non-consensual
variations of bride kidnapping as a form of gender-based
violence. In October 2016, an interdisciplinary group of
scholars gathered at the annual Central Eurasia Studies
Society conference to assess existing scholarship on bride
kidnapping in post-Soviet Eurasia. Using an innovative
format, this paper offers an edited transcript of that
roundtable discussion. The roundtable format provides
readers an opportunity to see a diverse range of
perspectives and opinions in response to several questions
about bride kidnapping. This paper provides a thorough
introduction to key issues surrounding bride kidnapping and
offers suggestions for areas that need further
exploration.},
Doi = {10.1080/02634937.2018.1511519},
Key = {fds338034}
}
@article{fds338033,
Author = {Olofsgård, A and Wachtel, P and Becker, CM},
Title = {The economics of transition literature},
Journal = {Economics of Transition},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {827-840},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12196},
Abstract = {This article is based on a panel discussion on the
contribution of the economics of transition literature to
the broader understanding of economic and social
development. All panel participants have been working in the
field for decades and made important contributions to this
literature. The transition experience was a social
experiment on a scale not seen before, and many lessons were
learned that travel beyond the specific region. Important
contributions in areas such as political economy, contract
theory, and the sequencing and complementarity of reforms
were discussed. It was concluded that there is little reason
at this point to consider economics of transition and
development economics as separate subfields as they share
the same intellectual objective, and complement each other
in our understanding of the development process.},
Doi = {10.1111/ecot.12196},
Key = {fds338033}
}
@article{fds322915,
Author = {An, G and Becker, CM and Cheng, E},
Title = {Economic Crisis, Income Gaps, Uncertainty, and
Inter-regional Migration Responses: Kazakhstan
2000–2014},
Journal = {Journal of Development Studies},
Volume = {53},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1452-1470},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2016.1257118},
Abstract = {There is ample empirical evidence that internal migration
occurs in response to wage differentials; recently, evidence
has emerged that international migration is deterred by
rising destination uncertainty. However, to our knowledge,
there has been no analysis of how internal migration
responds to differing incentives during good times and bad.
This paper provides insight into this issue using detailed
regional economic and migration data for Kazakhstan during
boom (2000–2007) and crisis (2008–2014) periods. While
conventional forces are affirmed, we find that the crisis
deters migration and weakens the effect of wage
differentials–while also reducing the deterrent effect of
relative uncertainty.},
Doi = {10.1080/00220388.2016.1257118},
Key = {fds322915}
}
@article{fds320567,
Author = {Becker, CM and Turaeva, M},
Title = {Queen Bees and Domestic Violence: Patrilocal Marriage in
Tajikistan},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {232},
Pages = {48 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {A longstanding tradition of patrilocal marriage – living
with the parents-in-law – affects every generation of
Central Asian women and their choices regarding
childbearing, employment and education. While
anthropological evidence suggests that elder matriarchs
(Queen Bees) play a key and often detrimental role in the
lives of the junior women in their households, rigorous
empirical studies are scarce. We use Tajikistan 2012 DHS
data to explore the correlation between domestic violence
and young married women’s living arrangements. Through a
quasi-experimental study designed, we establish a positive
and statistically significant treatment effect. Women who
live with the in-law family are at least 24.6% more likely
to experience emotional abuse committed by their
husbands/partners. A similar effect does not emerge between
physical violence, either severe or less severe, and a
presence of the Queen Bee in the household.},
Key = {fds320567}
}
@article{fds320568,
Author = {Becker, CM and Turaeva, M},
Title = {Appendix to 'Queen Bees and Domestic Violence: Patrilocal
Marriage in Tajikistan'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {233},
Pages = {35 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Appendix to “Queen Bees and Domestic Violence: Patrilocal
Marriage in Tajikistan,” available here:
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2862096.},
Key = {fds320568}
}
@article{fds320569,
Author = {Ye, V and Becker, CM},
Title = {The (Literally) Steepest Slope: Spatial, Temporal, and
Elevation Variance Gradients in Urban Spatial
Modelling},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {202},
Pages = {54 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {This paper presents an analysis of elevation gradient and
temporal future-station effects in urban real estate
markets. Using an extraordinary dataset from the Hong Kong
publicly-constructed housing sector, we find enormous
housing price effects caused by levels of terrain incline
between apartments and subway stations. Ceteris paribus, two
similar apartments with closest metro stations of the same
walking distance may sell at a difference of up to 20%
because of differences in the apartment-station slope alone.
Anticipatory effects are similarly robust: apartment buyers
regard a future, closer metro station as being 60% present
when making purchases two years prior to its
opening.},
Key = {fds320569}
}
@article{fds322916,
Author = {Becker, CM and Rouse, CE and Chen, M},
Title = {Can a summer make a difference? The impact of the American
Economic Association Summer Program on minority student
outcomes},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {46-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.03.009},
Abstract = {In the 1970s, the American Economic Association (AEA) was
one of several professional associations to launch a summer
program with the goal of increasing racial and ethnic
diversity in its profession. In this paper we estimate the
effectiveness of the AEA's program which, to the best of our
knowledge, is the first to rigorously study such a summer
program. Using a comparison group consisting of those who
applied to, but did not attend, the program and controlling
for an array of background characteristics, we find that
program participants were over 40 percentage points more
likely to apply to and attend a Ph.D. program in economics,
26 percentage points more likely to complete a Ph.D., and
about 15 percentage points more likely to ever work in an
economics-related academic job. Using our estimates, we
calculate that the program may directly account for 17–21
percent of the Ph.D.s awarded to minorities in economics
over the past 20 years.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.03.009},
Key = {fds322916}
}
@article{fds320570,
Author = {Ye, V and Becker, CM},
Title = {The Z-Axis: Elevation Gradient Effects in Urban
America},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {70},
Number = {217},
Pages = {87 pages},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2017.10.002},
Abstract = {This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of hilliness
effects in American urban communities. Using data from
seventeen cities, robust relationships are established
between elevation patterns and density and income gradients.
We find that high-income households display strong
preference for high-altitude, high-unevenness locations,
leading to spatial income stratification at both the city
and tract-level. We further analyze potential causes of this
propensity: micro-climate, crime, congestion, view effects,
and use of public transit. We conclude that the role of
elevation in urban systems should not be neglected.
Multi-dimensional spatial methods are crucial to
investigations of cities with substantial unevenness.
Redistributive social and economic policies must struggle
with a fundamental, topographical dimension to
inequality.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2017.10.002},
Key = {fds320570}
}
@article{fds320571,
Author = {Becker, CM and Mirkasimov, B and Steiner, S},
Title = {Forced Marriage and Birth Outcomes},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {54},
Number = {204},
Pages = {39 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0591-1},
Abstract = {We study the impact of bride kidnapping, a peculiar form of
marriage practiced in Central Asia, on child birth weight.
The search for a suitable mate in a kidnapped marriage is
initiated by the groom, and there is typically non-coerced
consent only by the male. We expect adverse consequences
from such marriages, working through poor spousal matching
quality and subsequent psychosocial stress. We analyze
survey data from rural Kyrgyzstan. We apply several
estimation models, including an IV estimation in which we
instrument kidnapping among young women with the
district-level prevalence of kidnapping among older women.
Our findings indicate that children born to kidnapped
mothers are of a substantially lower birth weight than
children born to mothers who are not kidnapped. This has
important implications for children’s long-term
development; it also discredits the ritualized-kidnapping-as-elopement
view.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-017-0591-1},
Key = {fds320571}
}
@article{fds336352,
Author = {Geissler, K and Stearns, SC and Becker, C and Thirumurthy, H and Holmes,
GM},
Title = {The relationship between violence in Northern Mexico and
potentially avoidable hospitalizations in the USA-Mexico
border region.},
Journal = {Journal of public health (Oxford, England)},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-23},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv012},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Substantial proportions of US residents
in the USA-Mexico border region cross into Mexico for health
care; increases in violence in northern Mexico may have
affected this access. We quantified associations between
violence in Mexico and decreases in access to care for
border county residents. We also examined associations
between border county residence and access.<h4>Methods</h4>We
used hospital inpatient data for Arizona, California and
Texas (2005-10) to estimate associations between homicide
rates and the probability of hospitalization for ambulatory
care sensitive (ACS) conditions. Hospitalizations for ACS
conditions were compared with homicide rates in Mexican
municipalities matched by patient residence.<h4>Results</h4>A
1 SD increase in the homicide rate of the nearest Mexican
municipality was associated with a 2.2 percentage point
increase in the probability of being hospitalized for an ACS
condition for border county patients. Residence in a border
county was associated with a 1.3 percentage point decrease
in the probability of being hospitalized for an ACS
condition.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Increased homicide rates in
Mexico were associated with increased hospitalizations for
ACS conditions in the USA, although residence in a border
county was associated with decreased probability of being
hospitalized for an ACS condition. Expanding access in the
border region may mitigate these effects by providing
alternative sources of care.},
Doi = {10.1093/pubmed/fdv012},
Key = {fds336352}
}
@article{fds320572,
Author = {Nigmatulina, D and Becker, CM},
Title = {Is High-Tech Care in a Middle Income Country Worth It?
Evidence from Perinatal Centers in Russia},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {24},
Number = {198},
Pages = {585-620},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12098},
Abstract = {How much does a dramatic increase in technology improve
healthcare quality in an upper-middle income country? Using
rich vital statistics data on infant and maternal health
outcomes, this study evaluates the effect of introducing
technologically advanced perinatal hospitals in 24 regions
of Russia on infant mortality during the period 2009-2013. A
7-year aggregate panel dataset reveals that opening a
perinatal center corresponds to infant mortality reduction
by 3.8% from the baseline rate, neonatal (0-28 day)
mortality by 7% and early neonatal (0-6 day) mortality by
7.3%. We find that the perinatal centers help to save 263
additional infant lives annually, ranging from 3 to 25 lives
in regions with different birth rates. We further estimate
an annual average cost of 52 mln rb (or 2.6 m 2014 PPP USD)
per life saved in an average region, which is much higher
than the cost of similar interventions in the
US.},
Doi = {10.1111/ecot.12098},
Key = {fds320572}
}
@article{fds320573,
Author = {Becker, CM and Yea, A},
Title = {The Value of Manufactured Housing Communities: A
Dual-Ownership Model},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {196},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {There are roughly 50,000 manufactured housing communities
(MHCs) in the United States, yet there appears to be
virtually no academic research on their asset values. Using
a detailed, proprietary database provided by Colliers
International, we address this gap. We find that, due to the
dual nature of rental and ownership in manufactured housing
ownership, MHC values are driven by community rental income
and thus affected by median month contract housing rents
that surround the community. While value remains affected by
traditional factors such as occupancy, location quality, and
size of land, it emerges that manufactured housing community
sales values are highly sensitive to local rental
alternatives. We also find evidence that corporate MHC
buyers pay less and sellers receive more for parks relative
to smaller “mom-n-pop” owners.},
Key = {fds320573}
}
@article{fds237914,
Author = {Geissler, KH and Becker, C and Stearns, SC and Thirumurthy, H and Holmes, GM},
Title = {Exploring the Association of Homicides in Northern Mexico
and Healthcare Access for US Residents.},
Journal = {Journal of immigrant and minority health},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1214-1224},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1557-1912},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0053-4},
Abstract = {Many legal residents in the United States (US)-Mexico border
region cross from the US into Mexico for medical treatment
and pharmaceuticals. We analyzed whether recent increases in
homicides in Mexico are associated with reduced healthcare
access for US border residents. We used data on healthcare
access, legal entries to the US from Mexico, and Mexican
homicide rates (2002-2010). Poisson regression models
estimated associations between homicide rates and total
legal US entries. Multivariate difference-in-difference
linear probability models evaluated associations between
Mexican homicide rates and self-reported measures of
healthcare access for US residents. Increased homicide rates
were associated with decreased legal entries to the US from
Mexico. Contrary to expectations, homicides did not have
significant associations with healthcare access measures for
legal residents in US border counties. Despite a decrease in
border crossings, increased violence in Mexico did not
appear to negatively affect healthcare access for US border
residents.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10903-014-0053-4},
Key = {fds237914}
}
@misc{fds322917,
Author = {Becker, C and Mendelsohn, SJ and Benderskaya, K},
Title = {Russia’s planned urbanisation and misplaced urban
development},
Pages = {99-142},
Booktitle = {Urban Growth in Emerging Economies: Lessons from the
BRICS},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415718752},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315867878},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315867878},
Key = {fds322917}
}
@article{fds237924,
Author = {Becker, CM and Merkuryeva, IS},
Title = {Disability incidence and official health status transitions
in Russia.},
Journal = {Economics and human biology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {74-88},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22119094},
Abstract = {This paper examines determinants of being disabled in
Russia, along with the probability of moving from one
disability status to another, using data from 1994 through
2005 from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey.
Results from multinomial probit regressions indicate that
disability risk rises sharply with age, declines with income
and self-reported good health, and is lower for women.
Neither smoking nor drinking alcohol increases either the
risk of being or becoming disabled. Recovery--health status
improvement--improves with household size. Misclassification
or measurement error is important: a surprisingly large
proportion of "incurably" disabled Russians do in fact
recover. This study has been funded in part by National
Institute of Aging grant #2P30 AG17248-02 through the
Population Aging Center at the University of Colorado at
Boulder. We are grateful to Aleksandr Andreev for
outstanding research assistance. Jeanine Braithwaite, John
Komlos, Cem Mete, Mieke Meurs, Daniel Mont, Frank Sloan, and
five anonymous referees contributed valuable comments. We
acknowledge our appreciation without implicating them in
remaining errors and misinterpretations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ehb.2011.06.005},
Key = {fds237924}
}
@article{fds237923,
Author = {Andreev, AA and Becker, CM},
Title = {Age-adjusted disability rates and regional effects in
Russia},
Journal = {Demographic Research},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {749-770},
Publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1435-9871},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2010.23.27},
Abstract = {We provide three measures of age-standardized disability
rates for each Russian region and show that most, though not
all, of the regional patterns in disability prevalence
disappear with standardization. Disability prevalence
remains unusually high for women in St Petersburg and
Belgorod but the "remote but healthy" pattern is nearly
gone. We conclude that differences in age structure largely
account for the differences in disability prevalence across
regions of Russia. © 2010 Aleksandr A. Andreev & Charles M.
Becker.},
Doi = {10.4054/DemRes.2010.23.27},
Key = {fds237923}
}
@article{fds237925,
Author = {Anthopolos, R and Becker, CM},
Title = {Global Infant Mortality: Correcting for Undercounting},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {467-481},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.013},
Abstract = {The UN Millennium Development Goals highlight the infant
mortality rate (IMR) as a measure of progress in improving
neonatal health and more broadly as an indicator of basic
health care. However, prior research has shown that IMRs
(and in particular perinatal mortality) can be
underestimated dramatically, depending on a particular
country's live birth criterion, vital registration system,
and reporting practices. This study assesses infant
mortality undercounting for a global dataset using an
approach popularized in productivity economics. Using a
one-sided error, frontier estimation technique, we
recalculate rates and concurrently derive a measure of
likely undercount for each country. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.013},
Key = {fds237925}
}
@book{fds322918,
Author = {Becker, CM and Marchenko, GA and Khakimzhanov, S and Seitenova, AGS and Ivliev, V},
Title = {Social security reform in transition economies: Lessons from
Kazakhstan},
Pages = {1-275},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan US},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780230607361},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618022},
Abstract = {This book examines social security reform in the Central
Asian republic of Kazakhstan, with a focus on lessons for
late reformers such as China and Russia.},
Doi = {10.1057/9780230618022},
Key = {fds322918}
}
@book{fds147108,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Grigory A. Marchenko and Sabit Khakimzhanov and Ai-Gul S. Seitenova and Vladimir Ivliev},
Title = {SOCIAL SECURITY REFORM IN TRANSITION ECONOMICS: LESSONS FROM
KAZAKHSTAN},
Publisher = {New York: Palgrave Macmillan},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds147108}
}
@article{fds237915,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {Urbanization and rural-urban migration},
Pages = {516-531},
Booktitle = {INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS},
Publisher = {Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA: Edward
Elgar},
Editor = {Amitava Krishna Dutt and Jaime Ros},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds237915}
}
@misc{fds339570,
Author = {Becker, C and Price, G},
Title = {Curriculum intensity in graduate preparatory programs: The
impact on performance and progression to graduate study
among minority students in economics},
Pages = {146-159},
Booktitle = {Doctoral Education and the Faculty of the
Future},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780801445439},
Key = {fds339570}
}
@misc{fds147113,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Gregory N. Price},
Title = {Curriculum Intensity in Graduate Preparatory Programs:
Impact on Performance and Progression to Graduate Study
among Minority Students in Economics},
Booktitle = {DOCTORAL EDUCATION AND THE FACULTY OF THE
FUTURE},
Publisher = {Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press},
Editor = {Ronald G. Ehrenberg and Charlotte V. Kuh},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-8014-4543-9},
Key = {fds147113}
}
@article{fds147112,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Irina S. Merkuryeva},
Title = {Disability Risk and Miraculous Recoveries in
Russia},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147112}
}
@article{fds147115,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Ai-Gul S. Seitenova},
Title = {Disability in Kazakhstan: making sense of recent
trends},
Series = {World Bank Social Protection Discussion Paper
0802},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147115}
}
@article{fds305695,
Author = {Becker, CM and Craigie, TA},
Title = {W. Arthur lewis in retrospect},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {187-216},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-008-9010-6},
Abstract = {This paper reviews several themes from the writings of W.
Arthur Lewis, both the first black Nobel Laureate in
Economics and the first from a developing country, and
examines them from the perspective of two to five decades of
hindsight. The paper emphasizes three main interrelated
aspects; economic growth, economic dualism, and "the
evolution of the economic order"-the forces that drive the
prices of goods and relative incomes across countries.
Lewis's messages still resonate today, as he foresaw the
rise of industrial exports from developing countries-and
also that it would not end the large gaps among nations'
standards of living. The paper both documents these rises
and asks whether one could have predicted it from
information available in the 1960s, or whether additional
prescience was necessary. © 2008 Springer Science +
Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-008-9010-6},
Key = {fds305695}
}
@misc{fds147117,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Ai-Gul Seitenova and Dina S.
Urzhumova},
Title = {Pension Reform in Central Asia: an Overview},
Booktitle = {ECONOMICS OF INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY IN TRANSITION
ECONOMIES},
Publisher = {Tokyo: Maruzen Publishers},
Editor = {Masaaki Kuboniwa and Yoshiaki Nishimura},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147117}
}
@misc{fds147118,
Author = {Charles M. Becker and Ai-Gul S. Seitenova},
Title = {Fertility and Marriage in Kazakhstan's Transition Period:
Implications for Social Security Policy},
Booktitle = {ECONOMICS OF INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY IN TRANSITION
ECONOMIES},
Publisher = {Tokyo: Maruzen Publishers},
Editor = {Masaaki Kuboniwa and Yoshiaki Nishimura},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147118}
}
@article{fds237930,
Author = {Becker, CM and Urzhumova, DS},
Title = {Mortality recovery and stabilization in Kazakhstan,
1995-2001.},
Journal = {Economics and human biology},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {97-122},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1570-677X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15722264},
Abstract = {This paper documents both the extraordinary rise in
mortality that accompanied economic deterioration in the
former Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the far
more tentative recovery. Kazakhstan's multi-ethnic
population also makes it possible to identify a large
mortality disadvantage for those--especially working-age
males--who are not of Kazakh ethnicity. There are also stark
regional differences--mortality decline is underway in many
areas with substantial economic recovery, while elsewhere
there has been no discernable improvement.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ehb.2004.12.003},
Key = {fds237930}
}
@article{fds237947,
Author = {Becker, CM and Musabek, E and Seitenova, A-G and Urzhumova,
D},
Title = {The migration response to economic shock:
lessons},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-132},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2004.12.003},
Abstract = {This paper examines the determinants of migration between
Kazakhstan and Russia for different age groups and by
urban/rural residence, using monthly data for the period
1995 to 1999. Using reconciled migration data and a
comparable macroeconomic data set for the two countries,
these monthly data make it possible to assess different
groups' responses to differential economic events. We find a
virtually immediate response to the 1998 Russian financial
crisis and to relative exchange rate movements. However,
longer lags apply to the response to construction activity
and to wage differentials. Movements in real pensions do not
induce important responses. © 2005 Association for
Comparative Economic Studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jce.2004.12.003},
Key = {fds237947}
}
@article{fds237949,
Author = {Becker, C and Paltsev, SV},
Title = {Economic consequences of demographic change in the former
USSR: Social transfers in the Kyrgyz Republic},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {32},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1849-1870},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.06.009},
Abstract = {Dramatic demographic changes accompanied the decay and
collapse of the Soviet Union. This paper considers their
long-run economic effects, particularly with respect to
impacts on government budgetary positions due to social
transfers. Using a detailed actuarial forecasting model for
the Central Asian country of Kyrgyzstan, the paper
demonstrates that the effect of the transition will be felt
far into the 21st century, as government budget pressures to
meet social expenditure needs result in lower savings rates
and higher public debt. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.06.009},
Key = {fds237949}
}
@article{fds237948,
Author = {Seitenova, AGS and Becker, CM},
Title = {Kazakhstan's pension system: Pressures for change and
dramatic reforms},
Journal = {Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-187},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-280X},
Abstract = {Five years ago, Kazakhstan embarked on a dramatic reform of
its pension and social security system in order to move from
an unsustainable public denned benefit ("solidarity") system
to one of defined mandatory contributions (accumulative
system). While assessment of long-run success is premature,
early results have exceeded expectations. This paper
considers the reform's rationale and initial impact: Why did
the Government of Kazakhstan decide to introduce a new
pension system? What advantages did the state perceive? Was
the Government's decision appropriate, and what alternatives
existed? The paper also analyzes pension reform issues that
have yet to be fully resolved. © Hitotsubashi
University.},
Key = {fds237948}
}
@book{fds27073,
Author = {Mills, Edwin S. and Charles M. Becker},
Title = {STUDIES IN INDIAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT},
Publisher = {New York: Oxford University Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27073}
}
@article{fds237950,
Author = {Becker, CM and Musabek, EN and Seitenova, AGS and Urzhumova,
DS},
Title = {Short-term migration responses of women and men during
economic turmoil: Lessons from Kazakhstan},
Journal = {Eurasian Geography and Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {228-243},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1538-7216.44.3.228},
Abstract = {A team of population specialists from the United States and
Kazakhstan uses heretofore unpublished data of the
Kazakhstan Statistical Agency to assess gender and age
differences in the propensity to migrate from Kazakhstan for
the period 1991-2001. The interstate character of the
population movements analyzed means that Slavic, German, and
other non-Kazakh ethnic groups are disproportionately
represented among the emigrant population, but the key focus
is on identifying the differing migration responses of men
and women during economic crisis, in this case the
precipitous decline in economic activity following the
dissolution of the USSR. © 2003 by V.H. Winston and Son,
Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2747/1538-7216.44.3.228},
Key = {fds237950}
}
@article{fds17434,
Author = {C.M. Becker},
Title = {Review of Arne Tostensen, et al., Eds. 2001. ASSOCIATIONAL
LIFE IN AFRICAN CITIES: POPULAR RESPONSES TO THE URBAN
CRISIS: Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstutet},
Journal = {African Studies Review},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {193-94},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17434}
}
@article{fds17435,
Author = {C.M. Becker},
Title = {Review of Bill Freund and Vishnu Padayachee, Eds. 2002.
(D)URBAN VORTEX: SOUTH AFRICAN CITY IN TRANSITION.
Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: University of Natal
Press},
Journal = {African Studies Review},
Volume = {47},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17435}
}
@article{fds147109,
Author = {C.M. Becker and E.N. Musabek and A.S. Seitenova and D.S.
Urzhumova},
Title = {Short-run migration responses of men and women during a
period of economic turmoil: lessons from
Kazakhstan},
Journal = {Eurasian Geography and Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {228-43},
Year = {2003},
Abstract = {There is an extensive literature on gender differences in
the causes and patterns of migration (Becker and Morrison,
1999). While men and women have many common reasons for
moving from one region or country to another, there are
prominent differences as well. However, almost nothing is
known as to whether men or women react more rapidly to
changing opportunities, and to gender differences in
response to economic and social crisis. This paper attempts
to provide insights into both issues using monthly data from
the Republic of Kazakhstan.},
Key = {fds147109}
}
@book{fds17431,
Author = {National Research Council and Panel on Urban Population
Dynamics. Mark R. Montgomery and Richard Stren and editors and the assistance of Holly Reed},
Title = {CITIES TRANSFORMED: THE DYNAMICS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Year = {2003},
url = {. http://www.nap.edu/books/0309088623/html/},
Key = {fds17431}
}
@article{fds237952,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {Fertility Decline in sub-Saharan Africa},
Journal = {Journal of African Policy Studies},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {1-16},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Historically, fertility in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been
quite high, and in the past half century has declined far
more slowly than in most other parts of the world (Locoh,
2002). Indeed, during the past three decades the world as a
whole has witnessed a remarkable decline in the number of
live births a woman who survives her fecund lifespan can
expect to produce given prevailing age- specific birth
rates. This total fertility rate (TFR) has declined from 4.8
in 1970 to only 2.8 in 1997 for the world as a whole (World
Bank [1995] and [2000]; UN [2001]), an unprecedented
decline. For sub-Saharan Africa during this period, the
subcontinent-wide TFR declined from 6.6 to 5.3, with the
entire decline occurring after 1980. This special issue is
devoted to the topic of Africa’s nascent fertility
decline. Is further decline likely? Is the decline
widespread or concentrated in a few regions? Since the
continent has suffered economic stagnation for the past
quarter-century, and since in most of the world, fertility
decline is associated with economic progress, what
alternative explanations can be given for the fertility
decline that has occurred? Of the proximate causes, which
are most important, and are there underlying forces that can
be associated with these declines?},
Key = {fds237952}
}
@article{fds237954,
Author = {Becker, CM and Seitenova, AS and Piedra, J},
Title = {Demand for bank loans and credit bureau services in the
Republic of},
Journal = {,” Central Asian Journal of Management, Economics and
Social Research},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-19},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {In order to judge the potential viability of a Credit Bureau
in the Republic of Kazakhstan, this study estimates the
number of credit applications during 2000-2001, and projects
changes through 2004. We assume that credit applications
provide a good indicator of demand for Credit Bureau
services, since the banking sector currently extends more
than 90% of all credit within the ROK . Beyond bank
operations, Kazakhstan is fundamentally a cash economy, so
that there is little reason to assess levels of non-bank
demand for credit reporting. The National Bank of Kazakhstan
(NBK), which supervises and regulates the banking sector,
provided the primary source of information for this study.
Its Credit Registry archives all data related to banking
loans by borrower type and main characteristics, including
size, interest rate, and duration. We believe the
information contained therein is complete and fundamentally
unbiased. Unfortunately, the Credit Registry’s database
does not track loans below one million tenge (about USD
6,500) for individuals and three million tenge for
businesses. We correct for this information base gap in the
analysis that follows below. We estimate that in 2004 the
number of applications will be between 314,000 and 690,000.
These numbers reflect a base year (2000) number of loan
applications of between 171,000 to 225,000. Barring any
unexpected volatility arising from exogenous factors, the
number of applications is expected to increase on average
between 16.4% and 32.4% over the period 2001-2004. These
estimates do not take into account expected growth of retail
business across all economic sectors and the anticipated
high level of conversion of debit cards into credit cards.
Besides banks, the largest users of credit bureau services
around the world are entities that extend credit to
customers at the consumer level; growth at present in
Kazakhstan is very high, but from a very small base. The
remainder of this section discusses both principal empirical
findings and briefly discusses the social importance of
Credit Bureaus in a broad economic context. Section 2 then
discusses patterns of bank loans; Section 3 estimates the
number of borrowers in Kazakhstan, Section 4 provides
further detail on the nature of banking sector loans, and
Section 5 offers aggregate forecasts.},
Key = {fds237954}
}
@article{fds237953,
Author = {Becker, CM and Paltsev, SV},
Title = {Macro-Experimental Economics in the Kyrgyz Republic: Social
Security Sustainability and},
Journal = {Comparative Economic Studies},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-34},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {Despite a decade of transition, pension systems in formerly
socialist countries still desperately need viable reform.
This paper assesses reform packages advocated by different
international agencies, and considers their sensitivity to
varying economic and demographic assumptions. Failure to
account for demographic-economic interactions strongly
biases forecasts. Few viable reform options exist, due to
the near absence of capital markets, the collapse of formal
sector employment, and huge differences between urban and
rural sectors. The divergent results from projections made
under different assumptions imply that policymakers should
examine the realism of policy suggestions (and associated
actuarial forecasts) very carefully.},
Key = {fds237953}
}
@article{fds17443,
Author = {C.M. Becker},
Title = {Review of World Bank. 2000. ENTERING THE 21ST CENTURY: WORLD
DEVELOPMENT REPORT 1999/2000. New York: Oxford University
Press.},
Journal = {Regional Science & Urban Economics},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds17443}
}
@article{fds237928,
Author = {Quddus, M and Becker, CM},
Title = {Speculative Price Bubbles in the Rice Market and the 1974
Bangladesh Famine},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Development},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {155-175},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.jed.or.kr/full-text/25-2/quddus.PDF},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the role played by speculative price
bubbles in destabilizing food markets in Bangladesh during
the 1974 famine. The hypothesis of speculative price bubbles
in the rice market is tested using weekly price data. These
tests are based on a theoretical model of storable food
markets in which agents exhibit rational expectations. It is
shown that such markets are susceptible to destabilizing
trends by self-fulfilling expectations. While "explosive
price bubbles" have received extensive attention in
macroeconomics, they have not been used in development
economics to explain famines. Amartya Sen has hypothesized
that speculative forces are a possible source of instability
in the food market. Our empirical tests based on techniques
from the recent literature on price bubbles lend some
credence to the hypothesis that excessive speculation may
have produced price bubbles in the rice market which
directly contributed to the Bangladesh famine in
1974.},
Key = {fds237928}
}
@article{fds17444,
Author = {C.M. Becker},
Title = {Review of Shirin Akiner, Sander Tideman, and John Hay, Eds.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL ASIA. New York: St.
Martins Press.},
Journal = {Journal of Energy & Development},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds17444}
}
@article{fds237951,
Author = {Anderson, KH and Becker, CM},
Title = {Post-Soviet pension systems, retirement, and elderly
poverty: Findings from the Kyrgyz Republic},
Journal = {Most},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {459-478},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {1120-7388},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009556526212},
Abstract = {Using data from household surveys of the Kyrgyz Republic, we
explore determinants of pension receipt and wage employment
as well as poverty and extreme poverty status. Data are
taken from surveys in late 1993 (a period of extreme
economic dislocation) and late 1996 (a time of nascent
recovery). While the surveys are not perfectly comparable,
their contrast also enables us to make some tentative
conclusions about recovery in the post-Soviet era. The first
section briefly discusses patterns of the Kyrgyz economy and
the public pension system. We then turn to a description of
the data in Section 2, and provide an overview of pensioner
characteristics. Section 3 presents multivariate models of
pension receipt and wage employment. The determinants of
poverty status in 1993 and 1996 are contrasted in Section 4,
while Section 5 offers concluding remarks about the
implications of our research for pension
policy.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1009556526212},
Key = {fds237951}
}
@misc{fds237920,
Author = {Becker, CM and Morrison, AR},
Title = {Chapter 43 Urbanization in transforming economies},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1673-1790},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444821386},
ISSN = {1574-0080},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0080(99)80012-1},
Abstract = {The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic change in the
way in which people live. Fifty years ago, only a small
proportion of the less developed world lived in cities, and
world poverty was overwhelmingly rural. In 1950, less than
one-fifth of the population of the "third world" was urban;
in the next five years or so, a majority of developing
countries' populations will be urban. This dramatic social
change has captured the attention of development economists
and, to a lesser degree, urban economists. This chapter
examines what has been learned in a variety of areas.
Section 1 discusses the stylized patterns of urbanization in
the developing world, while Section 2 turns to models of
third world city growth and their empirical estimates,
discussing partial equilibrium models, general equilibrium
models, economy-wide computable general equilibrium (CGE)
models, demographic-economic perspectives, and household
migration modeling. Section 3 considers the impact of
government policies on urbanization. Particular attention is
devoted to structural adjustment policies, urban biases in
public expenditures, and issues unique to (ex)-socialist
economies. Section 4 examines structural impediments to
urban development, including labor and land markets,
transportation issues, public finance and social
infrastructure concerns, and urban spatial structure. The
final section looks at the macroeconomic impacts of
urbanization-on wage gaps and income distribution, demand
patterns and economic efficiency.11This survey should be
regarded as a complement to Lucas' (1997) survey of internal
migration in developing countries for the Handbook of
Population and Family Economics. © 1999 Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0080(99)80012-1},
Key = {fds237920}
}
@misc{fds147111,
Author = {C.M. Becker and A.R. Morrison},
Title = {Urbanization in Transforming Economies},
Series = {North-Holland Handbooks in Economics},
Booktitle = {HANDBOOK OF REGIONAL URBAN ECONOMICS},
Publisher = {Elsevier North-Holland},
Editor = {P. Cheshire and E.S. Mills},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic change in the
way in which people live. Fifty years ago, only a small
proportion of the less developed world lived in cities, and
world poverty was overwhelmingly rural. In 1950, less than
one-fifth of the population of the "third world" was urban;
in the next five years or so, a majority of developing
countries' populations will be urban. This dramatic social
change has captured the attention of development economists
and, to a lesser degree, urban economists. The following
pages examine what has been learned in a variety of areas.
Section I discusses the stylized patterns of urbanization in
the developing world, while Section II turns to models of
third world city growth and their empirical estimates,
discussing partial equilibrium models, general equilibrium
models, economy- wide computable general equilibrium (CGE)
models, demographic-economic perspectives, and household
migration modeling. Section III considers the impact of
government policies on urbanization. Particular attention is
devoted to structural adjustment policies, urban biases in
public expenditures, and issues unique to (ex)-socialist
economies. Section IV examines structural impediments to
urban development, including labor and land markets,
transportation issues, public finance and social
infrastructure concerns, and urban spatial structure. The
final section looks at the macroeconomic impacts of
urbanization -- on wage gaps and income distribution, on
demand patterns, and on economic efficiency.},
Key = {fds147111}
}
@article{fds237931,
Author = {Becker, CM and Hemley, DD},
Title = {Demographic change in the former Soviet Union during the
transition period},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {26},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1957-1975},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00113-2},
Abstract = {This paper examines patterns of mortality and other
demographic changes across the former Soviet Union. Using
regional data from the early 1990s, a simultaneous equations
model of fertility, marriage, divorce, infant mortality and
abortion is estimated as a function of economic and social
variables. The paper then looks at determinants of life
expectancy and specific causes of death. Demographic
scenarios are then forecast on the basis of specific
economic environments; these forecasts in turn are used to
forecast life expectancies in the coming decades. In
plausible environments, there is little reason to anticipate
a rapid recovery in male or female life expectancies, while
further declines in fertility appear imminent.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00113-2},
Key = {fds237931}
}
@article{fds237944,
Author = {Becker, CM and Bibosunova, DI and Holmes, GE and Ibragimova,
MM},
Title = {Maternal care vs. economic wealth and the health of
newborns: Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic and Kansas City,
USA},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {26},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2057-2072},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00093-X},
Abstract = {This paper focuses on a narrow aspect of the demographic and
health crisis in the former Soviet Union, examining the
extent to which maternal behavior can compensate for poverty
and poor medical conditions. Using sister hospital data form
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and Kansas City, USA covering nearly
1,500 live births, the paper finds that Kyrgyzstani women
are partially successful in compensating by taking better
care of themselves and their newborn children. Moreover,
ethnicity within Kyrgyzstan has no apparent impact on
maternal behavior. Careful behavior, however, does not
remove al disadvantages, and targeted interventions are
still greatly needed.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00093-X},
Key = {fds237944}
}
@article{fds237945,
Author = {Becker, CM and Urzhumova, DS},
Title = {Pension burdens and labor force participation in
Kazakstan},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {26},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2087-2103},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00107-7},
Abstract = {This paper examines the pressures imposed by the vast
pension system in the former Soviet republic of Kazakstan.
Today, some 17% of the country receives pension payments,
one of the highest rates in the world - despite the fact
that Kazakstan is only now completing its demographic
transition. Using a pooled regional-time series data set
from pre- and post-Soviet eras, the paper also examines
determinants of pension populations and the labor force
participation rate. It finds that Kazakstanis in the
post-Soviet era respond to price incentives both with
respect to real pensions and real wage rates - in stark
contrast to dramatically backward-bending labor supply
curves of the Soviet era.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00107-7},
Key = {fds237945}
}
@article{fds237946,
Author = {Becker, C and Bloom, D},
Title = {The Demographic crisis in the Former Soviet Union:
Introduction},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {26},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1913-1919},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00097-7},
Doi = {10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00097-7},
Key = {fds237946}
}
@article{fds237942,
Author = {Becker, CM and Grewe, C},
Title = {Rural-Urban Migration in Africa: Do Age-Gender Cohorts
Matter?},
Journal = {Journal of African Economies},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {228-270},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Rural-urban migration has been modeled by both demographers
and economists since the 1960s. Little regard has been given
by either discipline for the other's models. In particular,
economists have disregarded the possibility that net
migration rates can be strongly affected by shifts in the
demographic composition of the population under
consideration. Aggregate studies implicitly assume that the
demographic structure is constant. The purpose of this paper
is to address this void in the African context. We examine
three hypotheses: 1) that variables explaining the net urban
in-migration rates vary with the age of the migrants; 2)
that changes in the availability of services in urban areas
is a factor in migration; and 3) that cohort structures (age
pyramids) are also part of the explanation.},
Key = {fds237942}
}
@article{fds305693,
Author = {Becker, CM and Grewe, CD},
Title = {Cohort-specific rural-urban migration in
Africa.},
Journal = {Journal of African economies},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {228-270},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jae.a020904},
Abstract = {"Rural-urban migration has been modeled by both demographers
and economists since the 1960s. Little regard has been given
by either discipline for the other's models.... The purpose
of this paper is to address this void in the African
context. We examine three hypotheses: (1) that variables
explaining the net urban in-migration rates vary with the
age of the migrants; (2) that changes in the availability of
services in urban areas [are] a factor in migration; and (3)
that cohort structures (age pyramids) are also part of the
explanation."},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.jae.a020904},
Key = {fds305693}
}
@article{fds237943,
Author = {Becker, CM and Hemley, D},
Title = {Interregional Inequality in Russia during the Transition
Period},
Journal = {Comparative Economic Studies},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-81},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds237943}
}
@book{fds27070,
Author = {Becker, Charles M. and Andrew M. Hamer and Andrew R.
Morrison},
Title = {BEYOND URBAN BIAS: AFRICAN CITIES IN AN AGE OF STRUCTURAL
ADJUSTMENT},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27070}
}
@article{fds237941,
Author = {Becker, CM and Morrison, AR},
Title = {Observational equivalence in the modeling of African labor
markets and urbanization},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {535-554},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(93)90108-L},
Abstract = {This article examines the appropriateness of neoclassical
and rent-seeking models of urbanization for the African
milieu and demonstrates that the reduced forms of these two
models may be quite similar. The models are not
observationally equivalent, however, and methods of
distinguishing between them are discussed. A demographic
cohort shift model of African urbanization also is
presented. Its excellent predictive power suggests that
migration models that assume migrant homogeneity (i.e.,
highly aggregate migration models) ignore information that
can be useful in predicting trends in migration flows. ©
1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0305-750X(93)90108-L},
Key = {fds237941}
}
@book{fds27071,
Author = {Becker, Charles M. and Jeffrey G. Williamson and Edwin S.
Mills},
Title = {INDIAN URBANIZATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH SINCE
1960},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds27071}
}
@article{fds237940,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {The demo-economic impact of the AIDS pandemic in sub-Saharan
Africa},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {18},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1599-1619},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(90)90058-6},
Abstract = {This paper examines the available data on the incidence and
spread of AIDS and the associated human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) in Africa. Assessments of the impact of the
spread of AIDS on African population growth and economic
performance are then offered. The interactions with present
economic and public health policy receive particular
attention. The paper stresses continued emphasis on rural
development and greater efforts to control other sexually
transmitted diseases along with increased promotion of
condoms as means of slowing the spread of AIDS. ©
1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0305-750X(90)90058-6},
Key = {fds237940}
}
@book{fds27072,
Author = {Becker, Charles M. and Trevor Bell and Haider Ali Khan and Patricia Pollard},
Title = {THE IMPACT OF SANCTIONS ON SOUTH AFRICA},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds27072}
}
@article{fds237939,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {The Impact of Sanctions on South Africa and Its
Periphery},
Journal = {African Studies Review},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {. 61-. 88},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524419},
Doi = {10.2307/524419},
Key = {fds237939}
}
@article{fds237938,
Author = {Becker, CM and Morrison, A},
Title = {The Determinants of Urban Population Growth in sub-Saharan
Africa},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {259-278},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds237938}
}
@article{fds237937,
Author = {Becker, CM and Bartik, T and Bush, J and Lake, S},
Title = {Saturn and State Economic Development},
Journal = {Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {. 29 40},
Year = {1987},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds237937}
}
@article{fds237934,
Author = {Becker, CM and Mills, ES and Williamson, JG},
Title = {Modelling Indian migration and city growth,
1960-2000.},
Journal = {Economic Development & Cultural Change},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-33},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper uses a multisectoral model of the Indian economy
to isolate the sources of Indian economic growth and
urbanization since 1960. it stresses spatial issues so that
it can provide predictions on rural/urban labor demands,
which, when combined with unequal labor supplies, generate
migration flows.-Authors},
Key = {fds237934}
}
@article{fds237935,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {Economic Sanctions Against South Africa},
Journal = {World Politics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-173},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2010438},
Doi = {10.2307/2010438},
Key = {fds237935}
}
@article{fds237936,
Author = {Becker, CM},
Title = {Urban sector income distribution and economic
development},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-145},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(87)90010-6},
Abstract = {This paper examines the relationship between measures of
urban sector inequality and economic development for a
sample of 25 developing and newly industrialized countries.
A U-shaped relationship is found in which bottom urban
quintiles' income shares initially decline and then rise as
per capita income increases. This relationship is
strengthened when an estimate of urban per capita income
replaces national per capita income as the development
measure. The curves suggest that per capita incomes of the
bottom quintiles will never decline as development proceeds,
but may rise only very slowly. © 1987.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(87)90010-6},
Key = {fds237936}
}
@article{fds237933,
Author = {Becker, CM and Mills, ES and Williamson, JG},
Title = {Dynamics of rural-urban migration in India:
1960-1981.},
Journal = {Indian journal of quantitative economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-43},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {"This paper analyzes a multi-sectoral simulation model of
the Indian economy designed to isolate the sources of Indian
economic growth and urbanization since 1960. The model
shares many common traits with other computable general
equilibrium (CGE) simulation models, and its underlying
framework is neoclassical. The model stresses spatial issues
so that it can provide predictions on rural/urban labor
demands, and hence on migration flows. The central issue we
seek to evaluate is whether a neoclassical development
paradigm can explain adequately the somewhat paradoxical
patterns of urbanization and economic growth observed in
India since 1960. Our conclusion is a qualified, affirmative
response, based on the model's ability to replicate key
macroeconomic variables."},
Key = {fds237933}
}
@article{fds237917,
Author = {Becker, CM and Ray, KC},
Title = {Water resources in the soviet union: Trends and
prospects},
Journal = {Studies in Environmental Science},
Volume = {25},
Number = {C},
Pages = {347-379},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1984},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0166-1116},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-1116(08)72120-4},
Abstract = {Soviet growth has placed heavy demands on its water
resources. As in capitalist countries, rapid economic
development has been accompanied by declines in the quality
of the USSR's natural resources. Plans to continue high
rates of investment ensure that the problems will worsen
unless major efforts are made to meet the challenge. In view
of the USSR's relatively limited water endowment, dramatic
plans have been made, including serious consideration of
immense water diversion schemes. This paper surveys and
evaluates trends in Soviet water use. It then examines the
impact of the Soviet economic structure on the severity of
water resource problems. Simple models of firm behavior
indicate that environmental destruction by a Soviet firm may
be greater than that by its capitalist counterpart. These
microeconomic problems carry over to an aggregate level in
view of the national emphasis on construction and industry.
Given the critical need for fresh water, the Soviet response
has been to plan massive water treatment and diversion
projects.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0166-1116(08)72120-4},
Key = {fds237917}
}
@article{fds237918,
Author = {Becker, CM and Mills, ES and Williamson, JG},
Title = {IMPACT OF UNBALANCED PRODUCTIVITY ADVANCE ON INDIAN
URBANIZATION: SOME PRELIMINARY FINDINGS.},
Journal = {Modeling and Simulation, Proceedings of the Annual
Pittsburgh Conference},
Pages = {187-194},
Year = {1984},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {0876648308},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the impact of changes in sectoral
productivity on output and employment patterns in a
simulation model of the Indian economy. Productivity gains
in major urban sectors are found to have fairly strong urban
growth effects both in the short and long run. Rural
productivity advances initially stem urban growth, but have
little long run effect.},
Key = {fds237918}
}
@article{fds237932,
Author = {Becker, CM and Fullerton, D},
Title = {Income Tax Incentives to Promote Savings},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-351},
Year = {1980},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds237932}
}
%% Bei, Xinyue
@article{fds371555,
Author = {Bei, X},
Title = {Local Linearization Based Subvector Inference in Moment
Inequality Models},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds371555}
}
@article{fds371389,
Author = {Bei, X},
Title = {Local Linearization Based Subvector Inference in Moment
Inequality Models},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds371389}
}
@article{fds371390,
Author = {Bei, X},
Title = {Local Linearization Based Subvector Inference in Moment
Inequality Models},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds371390}
}
@article{fds371391,
Author = {Amengual, D and Bei, X and Sentana, E},
Title = {Hypothesis Tests with a Repeatedly Singular Information
Matrix},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds371391}
}
%% Bellemare, Marc F
@article{fds198896,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Insecure Land Rights and Share Tenancy: Evidence from
Madagascar},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1},
Pages = {forthcoming},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds198896}
}
@article{fds198897,
Author = {C.B. Barrett and M.E. Bachke and M.F. Bellemare and H.C. Michelson and S. Narayanan and T.F. Walker},
Title = {Smallholder Participation in Contract Farming: Comparative
Evidence from Five Countries},
Journal = {World Development},
Pages = {forthcoming},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds198897}
}
@article{fds198898,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {As You Sow, So Shall You Reap: The Welfare Impacts of
Contract Farming},
Journal = {World Development},
Pages = {forthcoming},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds198898}
}
@misc{fds198900,
Author = {C.B. Barrett and M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Why Food Price Volatility Doesn't Matter},
Journal = {Foreign Affairs},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67981/christopher-b-barrett-and-marc-f-bellemare/why-food-price-volatility-doesnt-matter},
Key = {fds198900}
}
@article{fds198901,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Rising Food Prices, Food Price Volatility, and Political
Unrest},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds198901}
}
@article{fds198903,
Author = {S. Tveteras and F. Asche and M.F. Bellemare and M.D. Smith and A.
Guttormsen, A. Lem and K. Lien and S. Vannucini},
Title = {Fish Is Food: The FAO's Fish Price Index},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds198903}
}
@article{fds141383,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare and C.B. Barrett and D.R. Just},
Title = {The Welfare Impacts of Commodity Price Fluctuations:
Evidence from Rural Ethiopia},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1417464},
Abstract = {We study household attitude with respect to price risk.
Whereas price risk aversion has so far been studied
empirically only for single staple commodities, we expand
the analytical framework so as to derive an estimable matrix
of own- and cross-price risk aversion coefficients. This
imposes strong restrictions on the matrix of price risk
aversion coefficients, which has a complex relation to the
household’s Slutsky substitution matrix. Using a panel of
rural Ethiopian households, we test whether the restrictions
implied by the theory hold empirically, as well as whether
distinct patterns of price risk aversion emerge. We
ultimately find strong empirical support for the theory and
widespread support for the hypothesis that households are on
average risk-averse over own- and cross-price
fluctuations.},
Key = {fds141383}
}
@article{fds183439,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Agricultural Extension and Imperfect Supervision in Contract
Farming: Evidence from Madagascar},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {6},
Pages = {507-517},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183439}
}
@misc{fds183447,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Goals Miss the Mark},
Journal = {The Herald-Sun (Durham, NC)},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183447}
}
@misc{fds183453,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {The UN's Useless Promises},
Journal = {The Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia,
PA)},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183453}
}
@article{fds166025,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare and Z.S. Brown},
Title = {On the (Mis)Use of Wealth as a Proxy for Risk
Aversion.},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {273-282},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds166025}
}
@article{fds166024,
Author = {C.B. Barrett and M.F. Bellemare and J.Y. Hou},
Title = {Reconsidering Conventional Explanations of the Inverse
Productivity-Size Relationship},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {88-97},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds166024}
}
@article{fds166026,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare and A.M. Holmberg},
Title = {The Determinants of Music Piracy in a Sample of College
Students},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1481272},
Abstract = {Why do some individuals pay for digital music while others
choose to pirate it? With the development and adoption of
digital music, the music industry went through a profound
transformation in the way music is consumed. With this
transformation, digital music piracy has emerged as a crime
of national scale and concern. Using survey data from a
sample of undergraduate students at a Southern private
university, we first estimate our respondents' willingness
to pay (WTP) for digital music by way of a simple random
pricing experiment. We then investigate the determinants of
music piracy by regressing a dummy variable for whether a
respondent's last downloaded song was obtained illegally on
(i) our WTP estimate, used here as a source of artificial
variation in the price of legal music; and (ii) the various
transaction costs associated with the consumption of illegal
music. We find that a respondent's WTP, her subjective
assessment of the probability that she will face a lawsuit,
and her degree of morality all have a negative impact on the
likelihood that her last song was obtained
illegally.},
Key = {fds166026}
}
@article{fds166027,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {The Productivity Impacts of Formal and Informal Land
Rights.},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds166027}
}
@article{fds151497,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Sharecropping, Insecure Land Rights, and Land Titling
Policies: A Case Study of Lac Alaotra, Madagascar},
Journal = {Development Policy Review},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-106},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds151497}
}
@article{fds157744,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {When Perception is Reality: Subjective Expectations and
Contracting},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1377-1381},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds157744}
}
@misc{fds151498,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Sharecropping},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Macmillan Reference USA},
Address = {Farmington Hills, MI},
Editor = {William A. Darity Jr.},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds151498}
}
@misc{fds151499,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Tobit},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Macmillan Reference USA},
Address = {Farmington Hills, MI},
Editor = {William A. Darity Jr.},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds151499}
}
@article{fds151501,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {The (Im)possibility of Reverse Share Tenancy},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1292957},
Abstract = {Under the usual assumption that the landlord is risk-neutral
and the tenant is risk-averse, sharecropping is second-best
in that it trades off risk sharing and incentives and leads
to a constrained Pareto-efficient agreement. Many, however,
have reported instances of reverse share tenancy, i.e.,
sharecropping in which the landlord is considerably poorer
than the tenant. This paper shows that reverse share tenancy
is impossible under the canonical model of sharecropping but
becomes possible if and only if (i) both the landlord and
the tenant can be assumed risk-averse; or (ii) there exist
significant transactions costs making sharecropping more
desirable than either a wage or fixed rent
contract.},
Key = {fds151501}
}
@misc{fds151502,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Why Africa's Food Markets are Thin},
Journal = {The News & Observer (Raleigh-Durham, NC)},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://www.newsobserver.com/559/v-print/story/1049225.html},
Key = {fds151502}
}
@misc{fds151503,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Crise alimentaire mondiale: Un problème structurel en
Afrique},
Journal = {Le Devoir (Montréal)},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://www.ledevoir.com/2008/04/17/185427.html},
Key = {fds151503}
}
@article{fds48460,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare and C.B. Barrett},
Title = {An Ordered Tobit Model of Market Participation: Evidence
from Kenya and Ethiopia},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Pages = {324-337},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds48460}
}
@misc{fds48461,
Author = {Barrett, Christopher B. and Marc F. Bellemare and Sharon M.
Osterloh},
Title = {Household-Level Livestock Marketing Behavior Among Northern
Kenyan and Southern Ethiopian Pastoralists},
Pages = {15-38},
Booktitle = {Pastoral Livestock Marketing in Eastern Africa: Research and
Policy Challenges},
Publisher = {Warwickshire, UK: ITDG Publishing},
Editor = {John McPeak and Peter D. Little},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds48461}
}
@misc{fds151504,
Author = {M.F. Bellemare},
Title = {Insécurité foncière, fluctuations de prix, ou
responsabilité limitée: La nature et les causes du
métayage inverse dans l'Alaotra},
Series = {USAID BASIS Collaborative Research Program Policy Brief
#1},
Publisher = {FOFIFA},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://aem.cornell.edu/special_programs/AFSNRM/Basis/Documents/briefs/2005/madagascar/BASISBrief1-Bellemare.pdf},
Key = {fds151504}
}
%% Bennear, Lori S.
@article{fds371155,
Author = {Baker, J and Bennear, L and Olmstead, S},
Title = {Does Information Disclosure Reduce Drinking Water Violations
in the United States?},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {787-818},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/722619},
Abstract = {The 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments required
community water systems to disclose violations of drinking
water standards to their customers in annual water quality
reports. We explore the impact of three methods of
disclosure on health-based drinking water quality violations
using a matching and differences-in-differences framework
with a national data set of drinking water quality
violations from 1990 to 2001. We find that this information
disclosure requirement reduced drinking water violations
significantly and that the primary effect of disclosure on
violations persists for at least four years after policy
implementation. We find no evidence, however, that water
systems trade these potentially more salient violation
reductions for potentially less salient reductions in
violations of other standards, nor do we find any evidence
that water systems responded differentially to disclosure
based on the demo-graphic or political characteristics of
their customers.},
Doi = {10.1086/722619},
Key = {fds371155}
}
@article{fds367815,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Energy Justice, Decarbonization, and the Clean Energy
Transformation},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {647-668},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-111920-022328},
Abstract = {Addressing climate change will require significant
reductions in carbon emissions. Decarbonization will likely
lead to increases in energy prices, which are regressive.
Poorer households spend a higher percentage of income on
energy and also have less access to energy efficient options
in housing, transportation (including electric vehicles),
and household durables. This review summarizes the state of
knowledge on the energy justice implications of the clean
energy transformation along four dimensions¤mdash¤production
of energy, energy insecurity/energy poverty, access to clean
energy technologies, and impacts of policy instrument
choices for achieving decarbonization. Along each dimension
there is evidence of greater negative impacts on
lower-income households and on Black, Indigenous, and people
of color (BIPOC) households, even controlling for income.
But there is also evidence that these impacts can be
mitigated through policy choices. Together these findings
highlight that centering justice concerns in policy debates
is critical for a just and clean energy transformation.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-111920-022328},
Key = {fds367815}
}
@article{fds360663,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Wiener, JB},
Title = {Institutional Roles and Goals for Retrospective Regulatory
Analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {466-493},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2021.10},
Abstract = {Despite repeated calls for retrospective regulatory review
by every President since the 1970s, progress on implementing
such reviews has been slow. We argue that part of the
explanation for the slow progress to date stems from
misalignment between the goals of regulatory review and the
institutional framework used for the review. We define three
distinct goals of regulatory review - the rule relevance
goal, the rule improvement goal, and the regulatory learning
goal. We then examine the text of the Presidential Executive
Orders and major Congressional legislation addressing
retrospective review, and document which goals were targeted
and which institutions were used to conduct the reviews. We
find that the U.S. federal government has almost always
sought review of one rule at a time, conducted by the agency
that issued or promulgated the rule and that these reviews
tend to focus on rule relevance and costs. This
institutional framework for retrospective review - one rule,
assessed by the promulgating agency, focused on relevance
and cost - is only well-suited to a narrow interpretation of
the rule improvement goal. We then review alternative
institutional structures that could better meet the rule
improvement goal and the broader regulatory learning goal
across multiple rules and agencies, and we offer
recommendations for developing new guidance and institutions
to promote multiagency regulatory learning.},
Doi = {10.1017/bca.2021.10},
Key = {fds360663}
}
@book{fds328284,
Author = {Wiener, J},
Title = {Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil
Spills, Nuclear Accidents, and Financial
Crises},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Balleisen, EJ and Wiener, J and Krawiec, K and Bennear,
L},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {978-1107140219},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316492635},
Doi = {10.1017/9781316492635},
Key = {fds328284}
}
@article{fds324102,
Author = {Smith, MD and Oglend, A and Kirkpatrick, AJ and Asche, F and Bennear,
LS and Craig, JK and Nance, JM},
Title = {Seafood prices reveal impacts of a major ecological
disturbance.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {114},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1512-1517},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Abstract = {Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing
problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services,
but little is known about economic effects on fisheries.
Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic
impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia
and marine fauna suggest multiple mechanisms through which
hypoxia can skew a population's size distribution toward
smaller individuals. These mechanisms produce sharp
predictions about changes in seafood markets. Hypoxia is
hypothesized to decrease the quantity of large shrimp
relative to small shrimp and increase the price of large
shrimp relative to small shrimp. We test these hypotheses
using time series of size-based prices. Naive quantity-based
models using treatment/control comparisons in hypoxic and
nonhypoxic areas produce null results, but we find strong
evidence of the hypothesized effects in the relative prices:
Hypoxia increases the relative price of large shrimp
compared with small shrimp. The effects of fuel prices
provide supporting evidence. Empirical models of fishing
effort and bioeconomic simulations explain why quantifying
effects of hypoxia on fisheries using quantity data has been
inconclusive. Specifically, spatial-dynamic feedbacks across
the natural system (the fish stock) and human system (the
mobile fishing fleet) confound "treated" and "control"
areas. Consequently, analyses of price data, which rely on a
market counterfactual, are able to reveal effects of the
ecological disturbance that are obscured in quantity data.
Our results are an important step toward quantifying the
economic value of reduced upstream nutrient loading in the
Mississippi Basin and are broadly applicable to other
coupled human-natural systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Key = {fds324102}
}
@article{fds329046,
Author = {Golden, JS and Virdin, J and Nowacek, D and Halpin, P and Bennear, L and Patil, PG},
Title = {Making sure the blue economy is green.},
Journal = {Nature ecology & evolution},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {17},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-016-0017},
Doi = {10.1038/s41559-016-0017},
Key = {fds329046}
}
@article{fds328661,
Author = {Purcell, KM and Craig, JK and Nance, JM and Smith, MD and Bennear,
LS},
Title = {Fleet behavior is responsive to a large-scale environmental
disturbance: Hypoxia effects on the spatial dynamics of the
northern Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {12},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e0183032},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Abstract = {The northwestern Gulf of Mexico shelf experiences one of the
largest seasonal hypoxic zones in the western hemisphere.
Hypoxia (dissolved oxygen, DO ≤ 2.0 mg·L-1) is most
severe from May to August during the height of the Gulf
shrimp fishery, but its effects on the fishery are not well
known. Prior studies indicate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of shrimp and other species through habitat
loss and aggregation in nearby oxygenated refuge habitats.
We hypothesized that hypoxia-induced changes in the
distribution of shrimp also alter the spatial dynamics of
the Gulf shrimp fleet. We integrated data on the geographic
distribution of shrimp tows and bottom DO to evaluate the
effects of hypoxia on spatial patterns in shrimping effort.
Our analyses indicate that shrimping effort declines in low
DO waters on both the Texas and Louisiana shelf, but that
considerable effort still occurs in low DO waters off
Louisiana, likely because riverine nutrients fuel both
benthic production and low bottom DO in the same general
regions. The response of the shrimp fleet to hypoxia on the
Louisiana shelf was complex with shifts in effort inshore,
offshore, westward, and eastward of the hypoxic zone, as
well as to an oxygenated area between two hypoxia regimes
associated with the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya River
outflows. In contrast, effort on the Texas shelf mostly
shifted offshore in response to low DO but also shifted
inshore in some years. Spatial patterns in total shrimping
effort were driven primarily by the number of shrimp tows,
consistent with aggregation of the fleet outside of hypoxic
waters, though tow duration also declined in low DO waters.
Overall, our results demonstrate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of the Gulf shrimp fishery with potential
consequences for harvest interactions and the economic
condition of the fishery.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Key = {fds328661}
}
@misc{fds335822,
Author = {Balleisen, EJ and Bennear, LS and Krawiec, KD and Wiener,
JB},
Title = {Recalibrating risk: Crises, learning, and regulatory
change},
Pages = {540-561},
Booktitle = {Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil
Spills, Nuclear Accidents and Financial Crises},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107140219},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316492635.018},
Abstract = {It is often observed that crisis events spur new regulation.
An extensive literature focuses on the role of disasters,
tragedies, scandals, shocks, and other untoward events in
stimulating regulatory responses (Baumgartner and Jones
1993; Percival 1998; Kuran and Sunstein 1999; Birkland 2006;
Repetto 2006; Wiener and Richman 2010; Wuthnow 2010). We
have highlighted numerous examples of arguably crisis-driven
regulation in the introductory chapter (Balleisen et al.,
this volume) and in the several case study chapters in this
book. The notion that crises spur regulation has become a
“commonplace assertion,” and yet one that is “so
widely held … that it remains virtually unexamined in
empirical and historical analyses” (Carpenter and Sin
2007, 149). Observing this relationship does not itself
explain what causal mechanisms may be driving it (Carpenter
and Sin 2007, 154). And the relationship does not always
hold (Kahn 2007). We do not claim that all crises spur
regulatory change, nor that all regulatory changes arise
from crises. Some crisis events do not produce significant
regulatory change – perhaps including mass shootings in
the United States, and Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy. Some
regulatory changes occur without preceding crisis events –
such as the Acid Rain Program of the 1990 Clean Air Act.
This volume has sought to enrich the empirical understanding
of how the process of crisis stimulus and regulatory
response unfolds. Our main question has been not whether,
but rather how, regulatory systems change in response to
crises. Going beyond the generic assertion that crises spur
regulation, we have explored diverse ways in which
regulatory change may play out: how different types of
regulatory responses may follow from different kinds of
crises. In this volume, we have studied a set of cases in
which some regulatory change typically did follow a crisis
event, in order to understand how that process led to
different types of regulatory changes in different contexts.
The case studies in this volume – focusing on oil spills,
nuclear power accidents, and financial crashes, with
regulatory responses in the United States, Europe, and Japan
– illustrate a wide array of crises, institutions, actors,
countries, time periods, and policy changes.},
Doi = {10.1017/9781316492635.018},
Key = {fds335822}
}
@misc{fds335823,
Author = {Balleisen, EJ and Bennear, LS and Krawiec, KD and Wiener,
JB},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {1-40},
Booktitle = {Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil
Spills, Nuclear Accidents and Financial Crises},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107140219},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316492635.001},
Abstract = {Crises punctuate our world. Their causes and consequences
are woven through complex, interconnected social and
technological systems. Consider these three recent events,
each of which dramatically upended expectations about risk:
• In the fall of 2008, the global financial system
experienced a full-blown panic. Credit flows seized up,
ushering in the worst global recession since the 1930s and
leading newspapers to convey the resulting “shocks” to
financial markets. • In April 2010, a blowout at the
British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon drilling platform killed
eleven workers and triggered a three-month-long oil spill,
sending nearly five million barrels of crude into the
Northern Gulf of Mexico, which fouled beaches, estuaries,
and fishing grounds. • In March 2011, an earthquake and a
resulting tsunami killed 20,000 people in Japan. The natural
disaster also caused reactor meltdowns at the Fukushima
nuclear power plant, forcing the evacuation of tens of
thousands of people, unleashing a long-term leak of
radioactive water into the Pacific Ocean and creating a
daunting set of challenges as officials sought to stabilize
pools of spent fuel rods and protect local populations from
radioactive fallout. Each of these three recent events
attracted extraordinary attention from the media and the
global public, raising concerns about dangers that may lurk
within the complex technological and social systems on which
we depend to sustain our economy and way of life. They also
generated criticisms of the regulatory systems that were
supposed to prevent such failures, as well as demands for
new regulatory actions to reduce the risks that the crises
had brought into sharp relief. In the aftermath, policy
elites and the broader public ponder the meaning of such
events and look for appropriate responses. Once a consensus
emerges that they indeed constitute crises (and sometimes
even before), government agencies, legislative committees,
think tanks, citizens’ groups, scholars, and often
official commissions begin to investigate their causes,
consider whether better policy might have prevented them,
and debate what regulatory adjustments governments should
adopt, if any.},
Doi = {10.1017/9781316492635.001},
Key = {fds335823}
}
@misc{fds335824,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Economic analysis, risk regulation, and the dynamics of
policy regret},
Pages = {43-57},
Booktitle = {Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil
Spills, Nuclear Accidents and Financial Crises},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107140219},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316492635.002},
Abstract = {In the wake of a crisis, a common refrain is “Why didn't
we do more to prevent this terrible disaster?” All too
frequently, ex-post analysis suggests that policy did not
sufficiently account for extreme events, or that the level
of regulation imposed or enforced was insufficient. For
example, after Hurricane Katrina a bipartisan commission
found that the levee system had been designed for
“standard” hurricanes and not for the most severe storms
(US House of Representatives 2006). The bipartisan
commission investigating the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
found that inspections and regulations were insufficient to
prevent an oil spill of that significant magnitude (National
Commission 2011). Similarly, the Financial Crisis Inquiry
Commission found that “widespread failures in financial
regulation and supervision proved devastating to the
stability of the nation's financial markets” (Financial
Crisis Inquiry Commission 2011). For the sake of simplicity,
I will refer to this phenomenon as “policy regret.”
Policy regret is characterized by a post-crisis sentiment
that decision-makers had not sufficiently identified the
probability or seriousness of risks before the onset of
crisis and so had insufficiently acted to prevent it. This
sentiment tends to be strongly correlated with an impulse to
engage in significant post-crisis policy reforms. One of the
key features of policy regret seems to be the belief,
ex-post, that the problems with the current regulations
should have been known and corrected in advance. This
characteristic implies systematic failures in the regulatory
process that hinder implementation of programs and policies
that would actually have been welfare enhancing. The focus
of this chapter is on the role of economic analysis in the
regulatory process and what role, if any, these analyses
play in reducing or fostering policy regret. Economic
analyses of risk regulations of some form have been required
since the Nixon administration (Copeland 2011). However,
most people associate requirements for economic analysis,
and particularly benefit-cost analysis, with Executive Order
12291 issued in 1981 by President Ronald Reagan. This
executive order required benefit-cost analysis for all
regulations with an annual cost of $100 million or more
(Copeland 2011). More specifically, it required agencies to
monetize all benefits and costs and to choose both
regulatory objectives and regulatory alternatives (levels)
that maximized net benefits to society. This executive order
was maintained by President George H.W. Bush and was
replaced by a similar executive order (EO 12866) by
President Bill Clinton.},
Doi = {10.1017/9781316492635.002},
Key = {fds335824}
}
@misc{fds341094,
Author = {Balleisen, EJ and Bennear, L and Cheang, D and Free, J and Hayes, M and Pechar, E and Preston, AC},
Title = {Institutional Mechanisms for Investigating the Regulatory
Implications of a Major Crisis: The Commission of Inquiry
and the Safety Board},
Pages = {485-539},
Booktitle = {Policy Shock: Regulatory Responses to Nuclear Accidents,
Offshore Oil Spill, and Financial Crises},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107140219},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316492635.017},
Abstract = {As we have seen, events like the 2008 financial crash, the
BP- Deepwater Horizon Gulf oil spill, or the Fukushima
nuclear accident trigger massive public attention and often
significant regulatory reactions. Once media coverage and
the crystallization of public opinion anoint such events as
crises that require priority consideration, policy-makers
have to discern a way forward. This process typically
involves some effort to investigate the recent events and
identify their causes. The bodies responsible for such
retrospective analysis usually look ahead as well as back.
They make judgments about whether policy-makers should
revise their risk assessments in light of events,
recalibrate their views of trade-offs among competing policy
goals, and reconstruct strategies of risk management. There
are many ways to structure investigation into the causes and
policy implications of crisis events. In some cases,
governments rely on the standard institutions of
policy-making. Investigatory bodies at every level of
government pride themselves in their ability to perform
probing, incisive studies that reveal pivotal evidence and
offer relevant analysis for the formulation of policy
recommendations. The applicable legislative committees ask
staff to undertake extensive background studies and hold a
series of hearings in the usual course of business. They
then publish extensive reports to guide and justify
legislature reforms, or legislative inaction. Executive
agencies responsible for mitigating or preventing relevant
risks may pursue similar inquiries, whether based on staff
research or the work of outside experts, and either alone or
through the auspices of cross-agency task forces. The
“normal” channels of policy assessment, however, have
limitations. They sometimes lack expertise with regard to
the issues at hand, and inevitably take place in a context
of partisan politics. They also place the responsibility for
policy analysis in the hands of the very institutions whose
prior choices failed to prevent the crisis event. Officials
within those institutions have strong incentives to shape
explanatory narratives so as to deflect blame for the events
that have brought such significant social and economic
costs. These shortcomings have frequently led governments to
shy away from the typical institutional channels of
democratic governance as the most appropriate policy
coroners to undertake a crisis event “autopsy.” On many
occasions, governments have instead turned to ostensibly
more independent mechanisms of investigation and policy
analysis.},
Doi = {10.1017/9781316492635.017},
Key = {fds341094}
}
@article{fds322571,
Author = {Cunningham, S and Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Spillovers in regional fisheries management: Do catch shares
cause leakage?},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {344-362},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Abstract = {Regional councils manage U.S. fisheries. Fishermen can
participate in fisheries managed by multiple councils, and
effort controls in one region could lead to effort leakage
into another. Theoretical modeling demonstrates that
positive, negative, and no leakage are possible. Using
difference-in-differences, we test for leakage across
regional boundaries for a catch share program in New England
and find evidence that the New England groundfish sector
program caused spillover into adjacent Mid-Atlantic
fisheries. Aggregate Mid-Atlantic harvest volume increased
among sector members after the policy change. We find
leakage in individual fisheries with similar gear and high
market substitutability with sector species.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Key = {fds322571}
}
@article{fds266085,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Offshore oil and gas drilling: A review of regulatory
regimes in the United States, United Kingdom, and
Norway},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-22},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/reu013},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/reu013},
Key = {fds266085}
}
@article{fds266088,
Author = {Balasubramanya, S and Pfaff, A and Bennear, L and Tarozzi, A and Ahmed,
KM and Schoenfeld, A and van Geen, A},
Title = {Evolution of households' responses to the groundwater
arsenic crisis in Bangladesh: information on environmental
health risks can have increasing behavioral impact over
time.},
Journal = {Environment and development economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {5},
Pages = {631-647},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1355-770X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000612},
Abstract = {A national campaign of well testing through 2003 enabled
households in rural Bangladesh to switch, at least for
drinking, from high-arsenic wells to neighboring
lower-arsenic wells. We study the well-switching dynamics
over time by re-interviewing, in 2008, a randomly selected
subset of households in the Araihazar region who had been
interviewed in 2005. Contrary to concerns that the impact of
arsenic information on switching behavior would erode over
time, we find that not only was 2003-2005 switching highly
persistent but also new switching by 2008 doubled the share
of households at unsafe wells who had switched. The passage
of time also had a cost: 22% of households did not recall
test results by 2008. The loss of arsenic knowledge led to
staying at unsafe wells and switching from safe wells. Our
results support ongoing well testing for arsenic to
reinforce this beneficial information.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1355770x13000612},
Key = {fds266088}
}
@article{fds266086,
Author = {Kirkpatrick, AJ and Bennear, LS},
Title = {Promoting clean energy investment: An empirical analysis of
property assessed clean energy},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {68},
Number = {2},
Pages = {357-375},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2014.05.001},
Abstract = {From 2008 to 2010 a handful of Property-Assessed Clean
Energy (PACE) programs offered property-secured loans to
homeowners for residential clean energy investments. This
analysis uses difference-in-differences models and synthetic
counterfactual models to estimate the effect of three
California PACE programs on residential photovoltaic
installations. While PACE programs do not offer superior
terms to other solar financing options, we find that PACE
financing increases solar installations by approximately
3.8. watts per owner-occupied household per quarter, a 108%
increase over the mean watts per owner-occupied
household.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2014.05.001},
Key = {fds266086}
}
@article{fds266087,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend,
A},
Title = {Spatial-dynamics of hypoxia and fisheries: The case of Gulf
of Mexico brown shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-131},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676826},
Abstract = {We analyze the Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp fishery and the
potential impacts of a large seasonal area of hypoxia (low
dissolved oxygen) that coincides with the peak shrimp
season. A spatial-dynamic bioeconomic simulation embeds
three biological impacts on shrimp: mortality, growth, and
aggregation on hypoxic edges. Hypoxia creates feedbacks in
the bioeconomic system, altering catch and effort patterns.
System changes propagate over space to affect areas that do
not experience hypoxia. Areas that might otherwise be
considered controls in a natural experiments framework are
contaminated by the ecological disturbance through spatial
sorting. Aggregate predictions from simulations are similar
to empirical fishery data. Average shrimp size and total
landings are negatively correlated, as are hypoxic severity
and landings. Shrimp size and hypoxic severity are only
weakly negatively correlated. Growth overfishing, which
varies with recruitment success and ecological disturbances,
is a key mediating effect.},
Doi = {10.1086/676826},
Key = {fds266087}
}
@article{fds266089,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Havice, E and Read, AJ and Squires, D},
Title = {Will a catch share for whales improve social
welfare?},
Journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological
Society of America},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-23},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1051-0761},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0085.1},
Abstract = {We critique a proposal to use catch shares to manage
transboundary wildlife resources with potentially high
non-extractive values, and we focus on the case of whales.
Because whales are impure public goods, a policy that fails
to capture all nonmarket benefits (due to free riding) could
lead to a suboptimal outcome. Even if free riding were
overcome, whale shares would face four implementation
challenges. First, a whale share could legitimize the
international trade in whale meat and expand the whale meat
market. Second, a legal whale trade creates monitoring and
enforcement challenges similar to those of organizations
that manage highly migratory species such as tuna. Third, a
whale share could create a new political economy of
management that changes incentives and increases costs for
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to achieve the current
level of conservation. Fourth, a whale share program creates
new logistical challenges for quota definition and
allocation regardless of whether the market for whale
products expands or contracts. Each of these issues, if left
unaddressed, could result in lower overall welfare for
society than under the status quo.},
Doi = {10.1890/13-0085.1},
Key = {fds266089}
}
@article{fds266097,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Lee, JM and Taylor, LO},
Title = {Municipal rebate programs for environmental retrofits: An
evaluation of additionality and cost-effectiveness},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {350-372},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21692},
Abstract = {When policies incentivize voluntary activities that also
take place in the absence of the incentive, it is critical
to identify the additionality of the policy-that is, the
degree to which the policy results in actions that would not
have occurred otherwise. Rebate programs have become a
common conservation policy tool for local municipalities
seeking to retrofit residential properties with efficient
appliances. This research evaluates whether such rebates can
be cost-effective means for water utilities to promote water
conservation. A unique database is developed that combines
water-use data over a three-year period for all households
that participated in a utility's high-efficiency toilet
(HET) rebate program, water-use data for a matched sample of
neighbors who did not receive a rebate, and a survey of
rebate participants. Difference-in-differences models
indicate that installation of an HET reduces household water
consumption by approximately 7 percent. While installation
of an HET appears to be an effective means for achieving
household reductions in water consumption, our results also
suggest that the rebate program is a much less effective
means for achieving household reductions in water
consumption. Specifically, the rebate program is found to
provide limited additional water savings beyond what would
have occurred naturally and is responsible for only 37
percent of the total water reduction attributable to the
installation of HETs over the study period. © 2013 by the
Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21692},
Key = {fds266097}
}
@misc{fds266095,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Coglianese, C},
Title = {Flexible Environmental Regulation},
Pages = {582-604},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of U.S. Environmental
Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Kamieniecki, S and Kraft, M},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780199744671},
Abstract = {“Flexible regulation” might sound like an oxymoron but
it has become a widely accepted catch phrase for pragmatic
regulation that promises the achievement of important public
policy objectives at low cost. Given the growing interest in
flexible regulation in recent decades, we consider in this
paper what can be learned from the U.S. experience with
flexible environmental regulation. We consider four types of
flexible regulation: (1) flexible commands, such as
performance standards, information disclosure rules, and
management-based regulations; (2) flexible targets, such as
offsets, bubbles, and trading; (3) flexible consequences,
such as voluntary programs and agreements; and (4) flexible
regulators, such as systems of self-regulation and
self-policing. Researchers have demonstrated that many
flexible approaches can sometimes work, to some degree, but
just as flexible policies can vary in form, we find that
they also vary in results. What remains, we argue, is to
determine whether the marginal, and at times only potential,
gains from flexible forms of regulation are enough to
justify their increased use.},
Key = {fds266095}
}
@article{fds214784,
Author = {Asche, Frank and Lori S. Bennear and Atle Oglend and Martin D.
Smith},
Title = {U.S. Shrimp Market Integration},
Journal = {Marine Resources Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-192},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214784}
}
@article{fds214785,
Author = {Bennear, Lori S. and Alessandro Tarozzi and Alexander Pfaff and Soumya H. Balasubramanya and Kazi Matin Ahmed and Alexander
van Geen},
Title = {Impacts of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Arsenic Risk
Communication on Household Water-Source Choices in
Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214785}
}
@article{fds214786,
Author = {Bennear, Lori S. and Jonathan M. Lee and Laura O.
Taylor},
Title = {Municipal Rebate Programs for Environmental Retrofits: An
Evaluation of Additionality and Cost-Effectiveness},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214786}
}
@article{fds266101,
Author = {Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend, A and Smith,
MD},
Title = {U.S. Shrimp Market Integration},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-192},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Abstract = {Recent supply shocks in the Gulf of Mexico-including
hurricanes, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the
seasonal appearance of a large dead zone of low oxygen water
(hypoxia)-have raised concerns about the economic viability
of the U.S. shrimp fishery. The ability of U.S. shrimpers to
mediate supply shocks through increased prices hinges on the
degree of market integration, both among shrimp of different
sizes classes and between U.S. wild caught shrimp and
imported farmed shrimp. We use detailed data on shrimp
prices by size class and import prices to conduct a
co-integration analysis of market integration in the shrimp
industry. We find significant evidence of market
integration, suggesting that the law of one price holds for
this industry. Hence, in the face of a supply shocks, prices
do not rise; instead, imports of foreign farmed fish
increase.},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Key = {fds266101}
}
@article{fds328354,
Author = {Bennear, L and Tarozzi, A and Pfaff, A and Balasubramanya, S and Ahmed,
KM and Geen, AV},
Title = {Impact of a randomized controlled trial in arsenic risk
communication on household water-source choices in
Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {225-240},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.006},
Abstract = {We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural
Bangladesh to examine how household drinking-water choices
were affected by two different messages about risk from
naturally occurring groundwater arsenic. Households in both
randomized treatment arms were informed about the arsenic
level in their well and whether that level was above or
below the Bangladesh standard for arsenic. Households in one
group of villages were encouraged to seek water from wells
below the national standard. Households in the second group
of villages received additional information explaining that
lower-arsenic well water is always safer and these
households were encouraged to seek water from wells with
lower levels of arsenic, irrespective of the national
standard. A simple model of household drinking-water choice
indicates that the effect of the emphasis message is
theoretically ambiguous. Empirically, we find that the
richer message had a negative, but insignificant, effect on
well-switching rates, but the estimates are sufficiently
precise that we can rule out large positive effects. The
main policy implication of this finding is that a one-time
oral message conveying richer information on arsenic risks,
while inexpensive and easily scalable, is unlikely to be
successful in reducing exposure relative to the status-quo
policy. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.006},
Key = {fds328354}
}
@misc{fds266094,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Beyond Belts and Suspenders: Promoting Private Risk
Management in Offshore Drilling},
Volume = {9780812207491},
Pages = {49-67},
Booktitle = {Regulatory Breakdown? The Crisis of Confidence in U.S.
Regulation},
Publisher = {University of Pennsylvania Press},
Editor = {Coglianese, C},
Year = {2012},
ISBN = {978-0-8122-4460-1},
Abstract = {On April 20, 2010, eleven workers were killed in an
explosion on the Deepwater Horizon rig in the pro cess of
drilling the Macondo well off the Gulf of Mexico. The
blowout resulted in between four and five million barrels of
oil leaking into the Gulf of Mexico. Early estimates of the
damages from the oil spill are in the range of $20 billion
with an additional $17 billion in fines (Economist 2010).
There are many entities at blame for the significant human
and environmental disaster in the Gulf, and regulators have
not escaped unscathed. Regulators at the Minerals Management
Ser vice (MMS), the federal agency charged with issuing
permits and overseeing safety of offshore oil drilling,
appeared compromised by conflicts of interest and
unqualified to ensure safety in operations (CNN 2010;
Leonnig 2010; U.S. Department of the Interior 2010). The
magnitude of the damages from the Gulf oil spill, combined
with perceptions of regulatory capture at MMS, has brought
into question the sufficiency of current regulatory
approaches to offshore oil drilling. Prior to the Gulf oil
spill, the primary form of regulation that applied to
offshore oil drilling was a set of highly prescriptive
command-andcontrol regulations requiring significant
redundancy in safety systems, an approach I call "belts and
suspenders." The belts-and-suspenders regulations were
coupled with a strict liability regime where the operating
company-BP in this case-was strictly liable for damages up
to $75 million, with additional damages covered by a
government pool of funds generated through taxes on oil
(Hargreaves 2010). Arguably, this coupling of regulatory
systems should have created the correct incentives for
companies to manage risks. The required safety technologies
should have been in place and, given the financial liability
for damages, BP and its contractors should have had the
incentives to ensure that all these systems were working
properly. Nonetheless, a disaster occurred. To advance the
search for better ways to prevent such disasters in the
future, I analyze in this chapter three ways of regulating
offshore drilling in the United States. The first approach
is the belts-and-suspenders approach used both prior to and
in response to the Gulf oil spill. I argue that the
belts-and-suspenders approach is flawed because it fails to
account for the inherent risk derived from drilling
technologies' dependence on human control. The
belts-and-suspenders approach may even encourage greater
risk taking by human operators because it creates the
impression that multiple safety systems will catch any
errors before a significant accident occurs. The second
approach is management-based regulation, which requires
drilling operators to develop detailed safety and risk
management plans. This approach has been used to regulate
offshore drilling in other countries and has been adopted by
the United States as a supplemental response to the Gulf oil
spill. I consider the suitability and likely effectiveness
of management-based regulation for regulating offshore
drilling, concluding that such an approach by itself does
little to ensure that risk management plans are fully
implemented. The third approach would be to apply a
deposit-discount-refund system, which would require an
up-front establishment of a project-level "safety deposit."
Operators can earn "discounts" on the size of their safety
deposit by earning high grades on in de pen dent third-party
assessments of their safety management plans. And upon
successful completion of the project, the safety deposit is
refunded to the company. In this way, the
deposit-discount-refund system provides an incentive for
companies to carry out effective risk management
practices.},
Key = {fds266094}
}
@article{fds328662,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Taylor, L and Lee, J},
Title = {Participation Incentives, Rebound Effects and the
Cost-Effectiveness of Rebates for Water-Efficient
Appliances},
Journal = {Duke Environmental Economics Working Paper},
Number = {11},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds328662}
}
@article{fds328355,
Author = {Tarozzi, A and Bennear, LS and Pfaff, A and Soumya, HB and Ahmed, KM and van Geen, A},
Title = {Bright Lines, Risk Beliefs, and Risk Avoidance: Evidence
from a Randomized Intervention in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke Working
Paper},
Number = {77},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds328355}
}
@misc{fds304038,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Success or Selection: An Economic Perspective on Fisheries
Co-Management},
Journal = {Working Papers on the Web},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds304038}
}
@misc{fds266090,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Dickenson, KL},
Title = {Incorporating Evaluation in the Regulatory
Process”},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266090}
}
@article{fds328356,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Tarozzi, A and Pfaff, A and Soumya, HB and Ahmed, KM and van Geen, A},
Title = {Bright Lines, Risk Beliefs, and Risk Avoidance: Evidence
from a Randomized Intervention in Bangladesh},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds328356}
}
@misc{fds266091,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {Information Disclosure and Drinking Water
Quality},
Pages = {122-123},
Booktitle = {Issues of the Day: 100 Commentaries on Climate, Energy, the
Environment, Transportation, and Public Health
Policy},
Publisher = {Resources for the Future Press},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266091}
}
@article{fds266103,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {Information Disclosure and Drinking Water
Quality},
Journal = {Resources Magazine},
Pages = {88-89},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331253},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331253},
Key = {fds266103}
}
@article{fds266109,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Jessoe, KK and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {Sampling out: regulatory avoidance and the Total Coliform
Rule.},
Journal = {Environmental science & technology},
Volume = {43},
Number = {14},
Pages = {5176-5182},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0013-936X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19708338},
Abstract = {This paper investigates strategic noncompliance with the
Total Coliform Rule (TCR) under the U.S. Safe Drinking Water
Act. The structure of the TCR provides incentives for some
piped drinking water systems to avoid violations by taking
additional water quality samples. We estimate the prevalence
of this behavior and its potential impact on violations
using monthly data for more than 500 Massachusetts water
systems, 1993-2003. We find evidence that strategic
oversampling is occurring. Water systems most likely to
avoid violations by oversampling are most likely to
oversample. A significant number of additional violations
would have occurred if systems had adhered to legal sampling
requirements, rather than oversampling. Our analysis of
potential impacts of regulatory avoidance under the current
rule suggests that alternative policies for monitoring
bacteria in drinking water should be considered.},
Doi = {10.1021/es803115k},
Key = {fds266109}
}
@article{fds168621,
Author = {L.S. Bennear and K.K. Jessoe and S.M. Olmstead},
Title = {Sampling Out: Regulatory Avoidance and the Total Coliform
Rule},
Journal = {Environ Sci & Technol},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803115k},
Key = {fds168621}
}
@article{fds266102,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {What do we really know? The effect of reporting thresholds
on inferences using environmental right‐to‐know
data},
Journal = {Regulation & Governance},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {293-315},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1748-5983},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000259322500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Environmental
right‐to‐know regulations require regulated entities to
publicly disclose measures of environmental performance but
exempt entities from these disclosure requirements if they
manufacture, process, or use a chemical below some threshold
level. Environmental right‐to‐know data are widely used
to assess environmental performance by academics,
regulators, non‐profit organizations, and the public. This
paper uses data from Massachusetts to estimate the effect of
reporting thresholds in environmental right‐to‐know
programs on the validity of inferences using data from these
programs. The analysis indicates that errors in inference
introduced by reporting thresholds may be significant. Up to
40% of the observed decline in reported toxic releases in
Massachusetts may be attributed to non‐reporting due to
the reporting thresholds. In addition, quartile rankings of
facilities may be in error up to 45% of the time when
behavior around the reporting thresholds is not taken into
account.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1748-5991.2008.00042.x},
Key = {fds266102}
}
@article{fds266104,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {The impacts of the "right to know": Information disclosure
and the violation of drinking water standards},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {117-130},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2008.03.002},
Abstract = {Information disclosure regulations are increasingly common,
but their effects on the behavior of regulated firms are
unclear. The 1996 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act
mandated that community drinking water suppliers issue to
customers annual consumer confidence reports (CCRs),
containing information on violations of drinking water
regulations and on observed contaminant levels. We examine
the impact of mandatory information provision on drinking
water violations by 517 community water systems in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts from 1990 to 2003. Results
suggest that larger utilities required to mail CCRs directly
to customers reduced total violations by between 30% and 44%
as a result of this policy, and reduced the more severe
health violations by 40-57%. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.03.002},
Key = {fds266104}
}
@article{fds154118,
Author = {L.S. Bennear and M. Baker-Goering and M. Lenox},
Title = {The Effectiveness of Information Disclosure: An Examination
of the TRI},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154118}
}
@article{fds154069,
Author = {M.B. Sullivan and L.S. Bennear and W.E. Painter,
Jr.},
Title = {A Quasi-experimental Examination of Family Centered
Treatment®: Outcomes for a Juvenile Delinquent
Population},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154069}
}
@article{fds146419,
Author = {L.S. Bennear and K.L. Dickinson},
Title = {The Role of Program Evaluation in Environmental Policy: A
Critical Evaluation of the Incentives Created by GPRA and
PART.},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~lds5/Papers/Bennear_Dickinson_GPRA_PART.pdf},
Key = {fds146419}
}
@article{fds266108,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Second-best theory and the use of multiple policy
instruments},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {111-129},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-007-9110-y},
Abstract = {In many cases policy makers employ multiple instruments to
address a single environmental problem, but much of the
economics literature on instrument choice focuses on
comparing properties of single policy instruments. We argue
that under a fairly broad set of circumstances the use of
multiple policy instruments can be justified as optimal in a
second-best world. We examine two broad categories of
second-best policy making: cases with multiple market
failures only some of which can be corrected at any one
time; and cases with exogenous (often political) constraints
that cannot be removed. The fact that the use of multiple
policy instruments can be justified economically in these
two cases does not imply, however, that all multiple
instruments employed in actual practice are economically
justified. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-007-9110-y},
Key = {fds266108}
}
@article{fds266100,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Are Management-Based Regulations Effective?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {327-348},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20250},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk
called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk
regulation has either specified a particular means of
achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and
left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated
entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither
explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is
required is that each regulated entity review its production
processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that
will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of
management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy
variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such
regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using
panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the
United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to
management-based regulations had larger changes in total
quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more
pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic
chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results
indicate that management-based regulation has had a
measurable positive effect on the environmental performance
of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to
management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in
total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more
likely to engage in source reduction activities. © 2007 by
the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20250},
Key = {fds266100}
}
@misc{fds266093,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Evaluating Management-Based Regulation: A Valuable Tool in
the Regulatory Tool Box?},
Pages = {51-86},
Booktitle = {Leveraging the Private Sector: Management-Based Strategies
for Improving Environmental Performance},
Publisher = {Resources for the Future Press},
Editor = {Coglianese, C and Nash, J},
Year = {2006},
ISBN = {9781936331444},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331444},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331444},
Key = {fds266093}
}
@article{fds266099,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Stavins, RN and Wagner, AF},
Title = {Using revealed preferences to infer environmental benefits:
Evidence from recreational fishing licenses},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-179},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11149-005-3107-7},
Abstract = {We develop and apply a new method for estimating the
economic benefits of an environmental amenity. The method is
based upon the notion of estimating the derived demand for a
privately traded option to utilize an open access good. In
particular, the demand for state fishing licenses is used to
infer the benefits of recreational fishing. Using panel data
on state fishing license sales and prices for the
continental United States over a 15-year period, combined
with data on substitute prices and demographic variables, a
license demand function is estimated with instrumental
variable procedures to allow for the potential endogeneity
of administered prices. The econometric results lead to
estimates of the benefits of a fishing license, and
subsequently to the expected benefits of a recreational
fishing day. In contrast with previous studies, which have
utilized travel cost or hypothetical market methods, our
approach provides estimates that are directly comparable
across geographic areas. Our findings show substantial
variation in the value of a recreational fishing day across
geographic areas in the United States. This suggests that
current practice of using benefits estimates from one part
of the country in national or regional analyses may lead to
substantial bias in benefits estimates. © 2005 Springer
Science+Business Media, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11149-005-3107-7},
Key = {fds266099}
}
@article{fds328663,
Author = {Bennear, LS},
Title = {Strategic Response to Regulatory Thresholds: Evidence from
the Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds328663}
}
@article{fds266105,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Coglianese, C},
Title = {Measuring progress: Program evaluaton of environmental
policies},
Journal = {Environment},
Volume = {47},
Number = {2},
Pages = {22-39},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-9157},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/ENVT.47.2.22-39},
Doi = {10.3200/ENVT.47.2.22-39},
Key = {fds266105}
}
@article{fds328664,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Stavins, RN and Wagner, A},
Title = {Private Options to Use Public Goods: Using Revealed
Preferences to Estimate Environmental Benefits},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-180},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds328664}
}
@misc{fds266092,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Coglianese, C},
Title = {Program Evaluation of Environmental Policies: Toward
Evidence-Based Decision Making},
Booktitle = {Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral
Science Research Priorities},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Editor = {Brewer, GD and Stern, PC},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds266092}
}
@misc{fds343268,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Coglianese, C},
Title = {Evaluating Environmental Policies},
Pages = {22-22},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds343268}
}
@article{fds266107,
Author = {Snyder, LD and Miller, NH and Stavins, RN},
Title = {The effects of environmental regulation on technology
diffusion: The case of chlorine manufacturing},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {431-435},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803321947470},
Doi = {10.1257/000282803321947470},
Key = {fds266107}
}
@article{fds266106,
Author = {Sadd, JL and Pastor, M and Boer, JT and Snyder, LD},
Title = {"Every breath you take ... ": The demographics of toxic air
releases in Southern California},
Journal = {Economic Development Quarterly},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-123},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124249901300201},
Abstract = {In this article, the authors investigate the relationship
between ethnicity and potential environmental hazards in the
metropolitan Los Angeles area. Using a variety of
techniques, including geographic information systems (GIS)
mapping, univariate comparisons, and logit, ordered logit,
and tobit regression analysis, the authors find that, even
controlling for other factors such as income and the extent
of manufacturing employment and land use, minority residents
tend to be disproportionately located in neighborhoods
surrounding toxic air emissions. The results generally
support the propositions of the proponents of "environmental
justice "; in the conclusion, they consider what this might
mean for urban land use and environmental
policy.},
Doi = {10.1177/089124249901300201},
Key = {fds266106}
}
@article{fds266098,
Author = {Boer, JT and Pastor, M and Sadd, JL and Snyder, LD},
Title = {Is there environmental racism? The demographics of hazardous
waste in Los Angeles County},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {X-810},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Objective. The "environmental justice" movement has
suggested that demographic inequities characterize the
location of hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal
facilities (TSDFs). While some researchers have found
evidence that TSDFs are disproportionately located in
minority areas, others attribute TSDF location to nonracial
factors such as income and industrial employment. Methods.
We used both univariate and multivariate techniques to
analyze the location of TSDFs in Los Angeles County,
California; the focus on one county allowed us to overcome
the problem of "false" addresses for TSDF sites and to
introduce specific land use/zoning variables that are not
used in the other studies. Results. In our univariate
results and the multivariate model, we find that (1)
industrial land use and manufacturing employment do matter,
as suggested by critics of environmental justice; (2) income
has first a positive, then a negative effect on TSDF
location, a pattern that likely reflects the fact that the
poorest communities have little economic activity while
wealthier communities have the economic and political power
to resist negative environmental externalities; and (3) race
and ethnicity are still significantly associated with TSDF
location, even when percentage African American and
percentage Latino are evaluated as separate groupings. Taken
together, the results suggest that communities most affected
by TSDFs in the Los Angeles area are working-class
communities of color located near industrial
areas.},
Key = {fds266098}
}
@article{fds328665,
Author = {Boer, LSBWT and Sadd, J and Pastor, M},
Title = {Is There Environmental Racism: An Empirical Analysis of the
Geographical Distribution of Hazardous Waste Facilities in
Los Angeles County},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds328665}
}
%% Beresteanu, Arie
@article{fds170284,
Author = {A. Beresteanu and Shanjun Li},
Title = {Gasoline Prices, Government Support, and the Demand for
Hybrid Vehicles in the U.S.},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds170284}
}
@article{fds170283,
Author = {A. Beresteanu},
Title = {Asymptotic Properties for a Class of Partially Identified
Models},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {76},
Number = {4},
Pages = {763-814},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds170283}
}
@article{fds28036,
Author = {Arie Beresteanu},
Title = {Nonparametric analysis of cost complementarities in the
telecommunications industry},
Journal = {RAND journal of economics},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds28036}
}
@article{fds28037,
Author = {Arie Beresteanu},
Title = {Nonparametric estimation of regression function under
restriction on partial derivatives},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds28037}
}
@article{fds15950,
Author = {Arie Beresteanu and Momy Dahan},
Title = {An optimal shape of income tax: evidence from Zero income
tax countries - Paraguay and Uruguay},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {Most of the existing literature on the optimal shape of
income tax has a common result - decreasing marginal tax
rates - a sharp contrast with real world income tax systems.
Diamond (1998) made explicit the factors that affect the
optimal shape of income tax rates. Special attention was
given to one of the effects: the distribution effect. The
main goal of this paper is to empirically explore whether
the ‘distribution effect’ implies rising or declining
marginal income tax rates with special interest at high
levels of income. We estimate the hourly wage distribution
as a proxy for the distribution of skills. Based on data
from Paraguay and Uruguay, we show that the desired income
tax schedule implied by the ‘distribution effect' should
exhibit increasing marginal tax rates at high levels of
income. We use a nonparametric estimation technique to avoid
using any functional form assumptions on the skill
distribution.},
Key = {fds15950}
}
@misc{fds10821,
Author = {A. Beresteanu},
Title = {"Nonparametric estimation of supermodular regression
functions"},
Year = {2000},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds10821}
}
@misc{fds20290,
Author = {A. Beresteanu and Charles F. Manski},
Title = {"BOUNDS"},
Publisher = {draft version 1.0, MatLab and Stata, with
documentation},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds20290}
}
@misc{fds15956,
Author = {A. Beresteanu},
Title = {"Indexed and non-indexed Public debt - Time consistency and
credible policy"},
Publisher = {Presented at the Research Department seminar, Bank of
Israel},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds15956}
}
@misc{fds10822,
Author = {A. Beresteanu},
Title = {"Nonparametric analysis of wage equations and income
distribution in Israel - a comparison between salaried and
self employed workers"},
Publisher = {Falk Institute for Economic Research in Israel},
Year = {1997},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds10822}
}
%% Berger, David
@article{fds346279,
Author = {Berger, D and Bocola, L and Dovis, A},
Title = {Imperfect Risk Sharing and the Business Cycle},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {138},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1765-1815},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjad013},
Abstract = {This article studies the macroeconomic implications of
imperfect risk sharing implied by a class of New Keynesian
models with heterogeneous agents. The models in this class
can be equivalently represented as a representative-agent
economy with wedges. These wedges are functions of
households' consumption shares and relative wages, and they
identify the key cross-sectional moments that govern the
impact of households' heterogeneity on aggregate variables.
We measure the wedges using U.S. household-level data and
combine them with a representative-agent economy to perform
counterfactuals. We find that deviations from perfect risk
sharing implied by this class of models account for only 7%
of output volatility on average but can have sizable output
effects when nominal interest rates reach their lower
bound.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjad013},
Key = {fds346279}
}
@article{fds344906,
Author = {Berger, D and Herkenhoff, K and Mongey, S},
Title = {Labor Market Powe},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {112},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1147-1193},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191521},
Abstract = {We develop, estimate, and test a tractable general
equilibrium model of oligopsony with differentiated jobs and
concentrated labor markets. We estimate key model parameters
by matching new evidence on the relationship between
firms’local labor market share and their employment and
wage responses to state corporate tax changes. The model
quantitatively replicates quasi-experimental evidence on
imperfect productivity-wage pass-through and strategic wage
setting of dominant employers. Relative to the efficient
allocation, welfare losses from labor market power are 7.6
percent, while output is 20.9 percent lower. Lastly,
declining local concentration added 4 percentage points to
labor’s share of income between 1977 and 2013. (JEL E25,
H71, J24, J31, J42, R23)},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20191521},
Key = {fds344906}
}
@article{fds362754,
Author = {Berger, D and Herkenhoff, K and Huang, C and Mongey,
S},
Title = {Testing and reopening in an SEIR model},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {1-21},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2020.11.003},
Abstract = {We quantify how testing and targeted quarantine make it
possible to reopen an economy in such a way that output
increases while deaths are reduced. We augment a standard
Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model with
(i) virological testing, (ii) serological testing, (iii)
permanently asymptomatic individuals, (iv) incomplete
information, and (v) a reduced form behavioral response of
reopening to changes in health risks. Virological testing
allows for targeted quarantine of asymptotic spreaders.
Serological testing allows for targeted release of recovered
individuals. We fit our model to U.S. data. Virological
tests every two weeks accommodate more aggressive reopening
that more than halves output losses while keeping deaths
below forecasts under the status quo. Serological tests are
much less effective. Implementing testing against a fixed
budget, low sensitivity tests that are cheap and used
frequently, dominate perfect tests that are expensive and
used less frequently.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2020.11.003},
Key = {fds362754}
}
@article{fds344907,
Author = {Berger, D and Milbradt, K and Tourre, F and Vavra,
J},
Title = {Mortgage prepayment and path-dependent effects of monetary
policy},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {111},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2829-2878},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181857},
Abstract = {How much ability does the Fed have to stimulate the economy
by cutting interest rates? We argue that the presence of
substantial debt in fixed- rate, prepayable mortgages means
that the ability to stimulate the economy by cutting
interest rates depends not just on their current level but
also on their previous path. Using a household model of
mortgage prepayment matched to detailed loan- level evidence
on the relationship between prepayment and rate incentives,
we argue that recent interest rate paths will generate
substantial headwinds for future monetary
stimuli.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20181857},
Key = {fds344907}
}
@article{fds357551,
Author = {Herkenhoff, K and Berger, D and Mongey, S},
Title = {Quantifying Sources of Labor Market Power},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds357551}
}
@article{fds350125,
Author = {Berger, D and Herkenhoff, K and Mongey, S},
Title = {An SEIR Infectious Disease Model with Testing and
Conditional Quarantine},
Journal = {University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for
Economics Working Paper},
Number = {2020},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds350125}
}
@article{fds344915,
Author = {Berger, D and Turner, N and Zwick, E},
Title = {Stimulating Housing Markets},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {277-321},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12847},
Abstract = {We study temporary fiscal stimulus designed to support
distressed housing markets by inducing demand from buyers in
the private market. Using difference-in-differences and
regression kink research designs, we find that the
First-Time Homebuyer Credit increased home sales by 490,000
(9.8%), median home prices by $2,400 (1.1%) per standard
deviation increase in program exposure, and the transition
rate into homeownership by 53%. The policy response did not
reverse immediately. Instead, demand comes from several
years in the future: induced buyers were three years younger
in 2009 than typical first-time buyers. The program's
market-stabilizing benefits likely exceeded its direct
stimulus effects.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12847},
Key = {fds344915}
}
@article{fds344911,
Author = {Berger, D and Dew-Becker, I and Giglio, S},
Title = {Uncertainty Shocks as Second-Moment News
Shocks},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {40-76},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/RESTUD/RDZ010},
Abstract = {First version received April 2018; Editorial decision
January 2019; Accepted February 2019 (Eds.) We provide
evidence on the relationship between aggregate uncertainty
and the macroeconomy. Identifying uncertainty shocks using
methods from the news shocks literature, the analysis finds
that innovations in realized stock market volatility are
robustly followed by contractions, while shocks to
forward-looking uncertainty have no significant effect on
the economy. Moreover, investors have historically paid
large premia to hedge shocks to realized but not implied
volatility. A model in which fundamental shocks are skewed
left can match those facts. Aggregate volatility matters,
but it is the realization of volatility, rather than
uncertainty about the future, that has been associated with
declines.},
Doi = {10.1093/RESTUD/RDZ010},
Key = {fds344911}
}
@article{fds344913,
Author = {Berger, D and Vavra, J},
Title = {Shocks versus responsiveness: What drives time-varying
dispersion?},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {127},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2104-2142},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/701790},
Abstract = {The dispersion of many economic variables is
countercyclical. What drives this fact? Greater dispersion
could arise from greater volatility of shocks or from agents
responding more to shocks of constant size. Without data
separately measuring exogenous shocks and endogenous
responses, a theoretical debate between these explanations
has emerged. In this paper, we provide novel identification
using price data in the open-economy environment: using
confidential BLS microdata, we document a robust positive
relationship between exchange rate pass-through and the
dispersion of item-level price changes. We then show that
this relationship supports models with time-varying
responsiveness.},
Doi = {10.1086/701790},
Key = {fds344913}
}
@article{fds344905,
Author = {Berger, D and Dew-Becker, I and Schmidt, L and Takahashi,
Y},
Title = {Layoff Risk, the Welfare Cost of Business Cycles, and
Monetary Policy},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds344905}
}
@article{fds344908,
Author = {Berger, D and Guerrieri, V and Lorenzoni, G and Vavra,
J},
Title = {House prices and consumer spending},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {85},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1502-1542},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdx060},
Abstract = {Recent empirical work shows large consumption responses to
house price movements. This is at odds with a prominent
theoretical view which, using the logic of the permanent
income hypothesis, argues that consumption responses should
be small. We show that, in contrast to this view, workhorse
models of consumption with incomplete markets calibrated to
rich cross-sectional micro facts actually predict large
consumption responses, in line with the data. To explain
this result, we show that consumption responses to permanent
house price shocks can be approximated by a simple and
robust rule-of-thumb formula: the marginal propensity to
consume out of temporary income times the value of housing.
In our model, consumption responses depend on a number of
factors such as the level and distribution of debt, the size
and history of house price shocks, and the level of credit
supply. Each of these effects is naturally explained with
our simple formula.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdx060},
Key = {fds344908}
}
@article{fds344909,
Author = {Berger, D and Vavra, J},
Title = {Dynamics of the U.S. price distribution},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Pages = {60-82},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.01.004},
Abstract = {We use microdata underlying U.S. consumer, producer and
import price indices to document how the distribution of
price changes evolves over time. Two striking features
characterize pricing across all three datasets: (1)
Frequency of price adjustments is countercyclical. (2)
Frequency of price adjustments is correlated with variance.
Conversely, other statistics that have received recent
attention, like kurtosis, do not exhibit uniform patterns
across our data sets. What implications do our empirical
results have for monetary policy? Using a flexible
accounting framework that collapses the high-dimensional
distribution of price changes into a single measure of
aggregate price flexibility, we show that flexibility is
highly variable and countercyclical.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.01.004},
Key = {fds344909}
}
@article{fds344910,
Author = {Alon, T and Berger, D and Dent, R and Pugsley, B},
Title = {Older and slower: The startup deficit's lasting effects on
aggregate productivity growth},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {68-85},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.10.004},
Abstract = {Declining firm entry and the aging incumbent firms have
meaningful implications for sluggish U.S. aggregate
productivity growth. We provide a framework to characterize
the contributions to industry productivity growth across the
firm age distribution then apply it to firm-level Census
data. Several findings emerge: the relationship between firm
age and productivity growth is downward sloping and convex;
the magnitudes are substantial but fade quickly; selection
and reallocation predominantly drive higher productivity
growth of young firms. Our results suggest a cumulative drag
on aggregate productivity of 3.1% since 1980 and are
expanded upon with an IV strategy and standard model of firm
dynamics.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.10.004},
Key = {fds344910}
}
@article{fds344912,
Author = {Berger, D and Dew-Becker, I and Giglio, S},
Title = {Uncertainty Shocks as Second-Moment News
Shocks},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds344912}
}
@article{fds344914,
Author = {Berger, D and Turner, N and Zwick, E},
Title = {Stimulating Housing Markets},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds344914}
}
@article{fds344916,
Author = {Berger, D and Vavra, J},
Title = {Consumption Dynamics During Recessions},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {101-154},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA11254},
Abstract = {Are there times when durable spending is less responsive to
economic stimulus? We argue that aggregate durable
expenditures respond more sluggishly to economic shocks
during recessions because microeconomic frictions lead to
declines in the frequency of households' durable adjustment.
We show this by first using indirect inference to estimate a
heterogeneous agent incomplete markets model with fixed
costs of durable adjustment to match consumption dynamics in
PSID microdata. We then show that aggregating this model
delivers an extremely procyclical Impulse Response Function
(IRF) of durable spending to aggregate shocks. For example,
the response of durable spending to an income shock in 1999
is estimated to be almost twice as large as if it occurred
in 2009. This procyclical IRF holds in response to standard
business cycle shocks as well as in response to various
policy shocks, and it is robust to general equilibrium.
After estimating this robust theoretical implication of
micro frictions, we provide additional direct empirical
evidence for its importance using both cross-sectional and
time-series data.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA11254},
Key = {fds344916}
}
@misc{fds344917,
Author = {Berger, D and Vavra, J},
Title = {Measuring how fiscal shocks affect durable spending in
recessions and expansions},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {5},
Pages = {112-115},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.5.112},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.5.112},
Key = {fds344917}
}
@article{fds344918,
Author = {Berger, D and Vavra, J},
Title = {Volatility and Pass-Through},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds344918}
}
@article{fds344919,
Author = {Berger, D and Faust, J and Rogers, JH and Steverson,
K},
Title = {Border prices and retail prices},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {1},
Pages = {62-73},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2012.02.011},
Abstract = {We analyze retail prices and at-the-dock (import) prices of
specific items in the Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) CPI
and IPP databases, using both databases simultaneously to
identify items that are identical in description at the dock
and when sold at retail. This identification allows us to
measure the distribution wedge associated with bringing
traded goods from the point of entry into the United States
to their retail outlet. We find that overall U.S.
distribution wedges are 50-70%, around 10 to 20 percentage
points higher than that reported in the literature. We
discuss the implications of this for measuring the size of
the "pure" tradeables sector, exchange rate pass-through,
and real exchange rate determination. We find that
distribution wedges are very stable over time but there is
considerable variation across items. There is some variation
across the country of origin for the imported item, for our
major trading partners, but not as much as the cross-item
variation. We also investigate the determinants of
distribution wedges, finding that wedges do not vary
systematically with exchange rates, but are related to other
features of the micro data. © 2012.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2012.02.011},
Key = {fds344919}
}
@article{fds344920,
Author = {Berger, D and Chaboud, A and Hjalmarsson, E},
Title = {What drives volatility persistence in the foreign exchange
market?},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {2},
Pages = {192-213},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.10.006},
Abstract = {We propose a new empirical specification of volatility that
links volatility to the information flow, measured as the
order flow in the market, and to the price sensitivity to
that information. The time-varying market sensitivity to
information is estimated from high-frequency data, and
movements in volatility can therefore be directly related to
movements in order flow and market sensitivity. Empirically,
the model explains a large share of the long-run variation
in volatility. Importantly, the time variation in the
market's sensitivity to information is at least as relevant
in explaining the persistence of volatility as the rate of
information arrival itself. This may be evidence of a link
between changes over time in the aggregate behavior of
market participants and the time-series properties of
realized volatility.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.10.006},
Key = {fds344920}
}
@article{fds344921,
Author = {Berger, DW and Faust, J and Rogers, JH and Steverson,
K},
Title = {Border prices and retail prices},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {We analyze retail prices and at-the-dock (import) prices of
specific items in the Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) CPI
and IPP databases, using both databases simultaneously to
identify items that are identical in description at the dock
and when sold at retail. This identification allows us to
measure the distribution wedge associated with bringing
traded goods from the point of entry into the United States
to their retail outlet. We find that overall U.S.
distribution wedges are 50-70%, around 10 to 20 percentage
points higher than that reported in the literature. We
discuss the implications of this for measuring the size of
the "pure" tradeables sector, exchange rate pass-through,
and real exchange rate determination. We find that
distribution wedges are very stable over time but there is
considerable variation across items. There is some variation
across the country of origin for the imported item, for our
major trading partners, but not as much as the cross-item
variation. We also investigate the determinants of
distribution wedges, finding that wedges do not vary
systematically with exchange rates, but are related to other
features of the micro data.},
Key = {fds344921}
}
@article{fds344922,
Author = {Berger, DW and Chaboud, AP and Chernenko, SV and Howorka, E and Wright,
JH},
Title = {Order flow and exchange rate dynamics in electronic
brokerage system data},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-109},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.10.004},
Abstract = {We analyze the association between order flow and exchange
rates using a new dataset representing a majority of global
interdealer transactions in the two most-traded currency
pairs at the one minute frequency over a six-year time
period. This long span of high-frequency data allows us to
gain new insights about the joint behavior of these series.
We first confirm the presence of a substantial association
between interdealer order flow and exchange rate returns at
horizons ranging from 1 min to two weeks, but find that the
association is substantially weaker at longer horizons. We
study the time-variation of the association between exchange
rate returns and order flow both intradaily and over the
long term, and show that the relationship appears to be
stronger when market liquidity is lower. Overall, our study
supports the view that liquidity effects play an important
role in the relationship between order flow and exchange
rate changes. This by no means rules out a role for order
flow as a channel by which fundamental information is
transmitted to the market, as we show that our findings are
quite consistent with a recent model by Bacchetta and Van
Wincoop (2006: Can information heterogeneity explain the
exchange rate determination puzzle? American Economic
Review, 96, pp. 552-576.) that combines both liquidity and
information effects. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.10.004},
Key = {fds344922}
}
@article{fds344923,
Author = {Berger, DW and Chaboud, AP and Hjalmarsson, E and Howorka,
E},
Title = {What drives volatility persistence in the foreign exchange
market?},
Year = {2006},
Abstract = {We analyze the factors driving the widely-noted persistence
in asset return volatility using a unique dataset on global
euro-dollar exchange rate trading. We propose a new simple
empirical specification of volatility, based on the
Kyle-model, which links volatility to the information flow,
measured as the order flow in the market, and the price
sensitivity to that information. Through the use of
high-frequency data, we are able to estimate the
time-varying market sensitivity to information, and
movements in volatility can therefore be directly related to
movements in two observable variables, the order flow and
the market sensitivity. The empirical results are very
strong and show that the model is able to explain almost all
of the long-run variation in volatility. Our results also
show that the variation over time of the market's
sensitivity to information plays at least as important a
role in explaining the persistence of volatility as does the
rate of information arrival itself. The econometric analysis
is conducted using novel estimation techniques which
explicitly take into account the persistent nature of the
variables and allow us to properly test for long-run
relationships in the data.},
Key = {fds344923}
}
@article{fds344924,
Author = {Berger, DW and Chaboud, AP and Chernenko, SV and Howorka, E and Wright,
JH},
Title = {Order Flow and Exchange Rate Dynamics in Electronic
Brokerage System Data},
Year = {2006},
Abstract = {We analyze the association between order flow and exchange
rates using a new dataset representing a majority of global
interdealer transactions in the two most-traded currency
pairs. The data consist of six years (1999-2004) of order
flow and exchange rate data for the euro-dollar and
dollar-yen currency pairs at the one-minute frequency from
EBS, the electronic broking system that now dominates
interdealer spot trading in these currency pairs. This long
span of high-frequency data allows us to gain new insights
about the joint behavior of these series. We first confirm
the presence of a substantial association between
interdealer order flow and exchange rate returns at
frequencies ranging from one minute to one week, but, using
our long span of data, we find that the association is
weaker at lower frequencies, with far less long-term
association between cumulative order flow and long-term
exchange rate movements. We study the linearity and
time-variation of the association between high-frequency
exchange rate returns and order flow, and document an
intradaily pattern to the relationship: it is weakest at
times when markets are most active. Overall, our study tends
to support the view that, while order flow plays a crucial
role in high-frequency exchange rate movements, its role in
driving long-term fluctuations is much more
limited.},
Key = {fds344924}
}
@article{fds344925,
Author = {Berger, D and Caballero, RJ and Engel, EMRA},
Title = {Missing Aggregate Dynamics: On the Slow Convergence of Lumpy
Adjustment Models},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds344925}
}
%% Besharov, Gregory
@article{fds15435,
Author = {Gregory Besharov and Ari Zweiman},
Title = {Inefficient Local Regulation of Local Externalities},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economic Theory},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds15435}
}
@article{fds15436,
Author = {Gregory Besharov},
Title = {Second-Best Considerations in Correcting Cognitive
Biases},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds15436}
}
@article{fds15550,
Author = {G. Besharov and A. Zweiman},
Title = {Inefficient Local Regulation of Local Externalities},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economic Theory},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15550}
}
@article{fds15551,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {Second-Best Considerations in Correcting Cognitive
Biases},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15551}
}
@article{fds15548,
Author = {G. Besharov and B. Coffey},
Title = {Reconsidering the Experimental Evidence for Quasi-Hyperbolic
Discounting},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15548}
}
@article{fds15552,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {Seeking Lobbying Rents},
Journal = {Economics of Governance},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15552}
}
@article{fds15553,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {Influence Costs in the Provision of Local Public
Goods},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15553}
}
@article{fds15554,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {A New Role for Horizontal Equity},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15554}
}
@article{fds15555,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {Why Not Lump-Sum Taxation?},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15555}
}
@article{fds15557,
Author = {G. Besharov},
Title = {The Outbreak of the Cost Disease: Baumol and Bowen in the
1960's},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15557}
}
@article{fds20292,
Author = {Keith Dougherty},
Title = {Collective Action under the Articles of Confederation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds20292}
}
@misc{fds20291,
Author = {G. Besharov and Avner Greif},
Title = {"Organizational Genesis, Identity, and Control: The
Transformation of Banking in Renaissance Florence: Comments
and Further Thoughts"},
Booktitle = {Markets and Networks},
Publisher = {Russell Sage},
Editor = {Alessandra Cassella and James Rauch},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds20291}
}
%% Bianchi, Francesco
@article{fds325526,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Lettau, M and Ludvigson, SC},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Asset Valuation},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {967-1017},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13107},
Abstract = {We document large, longer term, joint regime shifts in asset
valuations and the real federal funds rate- (Formula
presented.) spread. To interpret these findings, we estimate
a novel macrofinance model of monetary transmission and find
that the documented regimes coincide with shifts in the
parameters of a policy rule, with long-term consequences for
the real interest rate. Estimates imply that two-thirds of
the decline in the real interest rate since the early 1980s
is attributable to regime changes in monetary policy. The
model explains how infrequent changes in the stance of
monetary policy can generate persistent changes in asset
valuations and the equity premium.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.13107},
Key = {fds325526}
}
@article{fds359778,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L and Rottner, M},
Title = {Hitting the elusive inflation target},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {124},
Pages = {107-122},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2021.10.003},
Abstract = {Since the 2001 recession, average core inflation has been
below the Federal Reserve's 2% target. This deflationary
bias is a predictable consequence of a symmetric monetary
policy strategy that fails to recognize the risk of
encountering the zero-lower-bound. An asymmetric rule
according to which the central bank responds less
aggressively to above-target inflation corrects the bias,
improves welfare, and reduces the risk of deflationary
spirals – a pathological situation in which inflation
keeps falling indefinitely. This approach does not entail
any history dependence or commitment to overshoot the
inflation target and can be implemented with an asymmetric
target range. A counterfactual simulation shows that a
modest level of asymmetry would have removed the
deflationary bias observed in the United
States.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2021.10.003},
Key = {fds359778}
}
@article{fds358334,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Nicolò, G},
Title = {A generalized approach to indeterminacy in linear rational
expectations models},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {843-868},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE949},
Abstract = {We propose a novel approach to deal with the problem of
indeterminacy in linear rational expectations models. The
method consists of augmenting the original state space with
a set of auxiliary exogenous equations to provide the
adequate number of explosive roots in presence of
indeterminacy. The solution in this expanded state space, if
it exists, is always determinate, and is identical to the
indeterminate solution of the original model. The proposed
approach accommodates determinacy and any degree of
indeterminacy, and it can be implemented even when the
boundaries of the determinacy region are unknown. Thus, the
researcher can estimate the model using standard software
packages without restricting the estimates to the
determinacy region. We combine our solution method with a
novel hybrid Metropolis–Hastings algorithm to estimate the
New–Keynesian model with rational bubbles by Galí (2021)
over the period 1982:Q4–2007:Q3. We find that the data
support the presence of two degrees of indeterminacy,
implying that the central bank was not reacting strongly
enough to the bubble component.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE949},
Key = {fds358334}
}
@article{fds342816,
Author = {Bianchi, F},
Title = {The Great Depression and the Great Recession: A view from
financial markets},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {240-261},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2019.03.010},
Abstract = {Similarities between the Great Depression and the Great
Recession are documented with respect to the behavior of
financial markets. A Great Depression regime is identified
by using a Markov-switching VAR. The probability of this
regime has remained close to zero for many decades, but
spiked for a short period during the most recent financial
crisis, the Great Recession. The Great Depression regime
implies a collapse of the stock market, with small-growth
stocks outperforming small-value stocks. A model with
financial frictions and uncertainty about policy makers’
intervention suggests that policy intervention during the
Great Recession might have avoided a second Great
Depression. A multi-country analysis shows that the Great
Depression and Great Recession were not like any other
financial crises.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2019.03.010},
Key = {fds342816}
}
@article{fds339231,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {The dire effects of the lack of monetary and fiscal
coordination},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {104},
Pages = {1-22},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.09.001},
Abstract = {If the government's willingness to stabilize debt is waning,
while the central bank is adamant about keeping inflation
low, the economy enters a vicious spiral of higher
inflation, monetary tightening, recession, and further debt
accumulation. The mere possibility of this conflict
represents a drag on the economy. A commitment to inflate
away the debt accumulated during a large recession leads to
welfare improvements and lower uncertainty by separating
long-run fiscal sustainability from the short-run fiscal
stimulus. This strategy can be used to avoid the zero lower
bound. As a technical contribution, we explain how to build
shock-specific policy rules.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.09.001},
Key = {fds339231}
}
@article{fds339885,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {Constrained Discretion and Central Bank Transparency},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-202},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {We develop and estimate a general equilibrium model to
assess the effects and welfare implications of central bank
transparency. Monetary policy can deviate from active
inflation stabilization, and agents conduct Bayesian
learning about the nature of these deviations. Under
constrained discretion, only short deviations occur,
agents’ uncertainty about the macroeconomy remains
contained, and welfare is high. However, if a deviation
persists, uncertainty eventually accelerates and welfare
declines. Announcing that inflation stabilization will be
temporarily abandoned raises uncertainty. However, these
announcements lower policy uncertainty and curb inflationary
beliefs at the end of the policy. For the United States,
enhancing transparency raises welfare.},
Key = {fds339885}
}
@article{fds333702,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Lettau, M and Ludvigson, SC},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Asset Valuation},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds333702}
}
@article{fds339886,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Lettau, M and Ludvigson, SC},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Asset Valuation},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds339886}
}
@article{fds339887,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {The Dire Effects of the Lack of Monetary and Fiscal
Coordination},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds339887}
}
@article{fds315753,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {Modeling the Evolution of Expectations and Uncertainty in
General Equilibrium},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {57},
Number = {2},
Pages = {717-756},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12174},
Doi = {10.1111/iere.12174},
Key = {fds315753}
}
@article{fds315754,
Author = {Bianchi, F},
Title = {Methods for measuring expectations and uncertainty in
Markov-switching models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {190},
Number = {1},
Pages = {79-99},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.08.004},
Abstract = {I develop methods to analyze multivariate Markov-switching
models. Formulas for the evolution of first and second
moments are derived and then used to characterize
expectations, uncertainty, impulse responses, sources of
uncertainty, and welfare implications of regime changes in
general equilibrium models. The methods can be used to
capture the link between uncertainty and the state of the
economy. Campbell's present value decomposition is
generalized to allow for parameter instability. Taking into
account regime changes is shown to be important for
expectations, welfare, and uncertainty. All results are
derived analytically and are therefore suitable for
structural estimation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.08.004},
Key = {fds315754}
}
@article{fds302426,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Civelli, A},
Title = {Globalization and inflation: Evidence from a time-varying
VAR},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {406-433},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1094-2025},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2014.07.004},
Abstract = {According to the Globalization Hypothesis, global-economic
slack should progressively replace the domestic output gap
in driving inflation as globalization increases. We
investigate the empirical evidence in favor of this
prediction by using a time-varying VAR. Two main results
emerge from the analysis: First, global slack is found to
affect the dynamics of inflation in many countries, yet its
influence did not become stronger over time. Second, a panel
analysis that exploits the cross-sections characteristics of
our dataset shows that globalization, measured in terms of
trade and financial openness, is positively related to the
effects of global slack on inflation. We conclude that
integration in the global economy is in fact important, but
globalization has not yet induced changes in openness large
enough to justify significant brakes in inflation
dynamics.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2014.07.004},
Key = {fds302426}
}
@article{fds324850,
Author = {Bianchi, F},
Title = {Rare Events, Financial Crises, and the Cross-Section of
Asset Returns},
Journal = {Economics Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {41},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324850}
}
@article{fds320574,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {Constrained Discretion and Central Bank Transparency},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid)},
Volume = {100},
Number = {151},
Pages = {50 pages},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00659},
Abstract = {We develop and estimate a general equilibrium model to
quantitatively assess the effects and welfare implications
of central bank transparency. Monetary policy can deviate
from active inflation stabilization and agents conduct
Bayesian learning about the nature of these deviations.
Under constrained discretion, only short deviations occur,
agents' uncertainty about the macroeconomy remains
contained, and welfare is high. However, if a deviation
persists, uncertainty accelerates and welfare declines.
Announcing the future policy course raises uncertainty in
the short run by revealing that active inflation
stabilization will be temporarily abandoned. However, this
announcement reduces policy uncertainty and anchors
inflationary beliefs at the end of the policy. For the U.S.
enhancing transparency is found to increase
welfare.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00659},
Key = {fds320574}
}
@article{fds302425,
Author = {Razin, A and Bianchi, F},
Title = {Review of “understanding global crises”},
Journal = {Israel Economic Review},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-162},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0792-0385},
Key = {fds302425}
}
@article{fds320575,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {Escaping the Great Recession},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid)},
Volume = {107},
Number = {156},
Pages = {51 pages},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160186},
Abstract = {High uncertainty is an inherent implication of the zero
lower bound, while deflation is not because of inflationary
pressure due to uncertainty about how debt will be
stabilized. We show that policy uncertainty empirically
accounts for the absence of deflation in the US economy.
Announcing fiscal austerity is detrimental in the short run,
but it preserves macroeconomic stability. On the other hand,
a recession can be mitigated by abandoning fiscal
discipline, at the cost of increasing macroeconomic
instability. The policy trade-off can be resolved by
committing to inflating away only the portion of debt
accumulated during the recession.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20160186},
Key = {fds320575}
}
@article{fds320576,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Kung, H},
Title = {Growth, Slowdowns, and Recoveries},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid)},
Volume = {101},
Number = {184},
Pages = {39 pages},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.07.001},
Abstract = {We construct and estimate a model that features endogenous
growth and technology diffusion. The spillover effects from
research and development provide a link between business
cycle fluctuations and long-term growth. Therefore,
productivity growth is related to the state of the economy.
Shocks to the marginal efficiency of investment explain the
bulk of the low-frequency variation in growth rates.
Transitory inflationary shocks lead to persistent declines
in economic growth. During the Great Recession, technology
diffusion dropped sharply, while long-term growth was not
significantly affected. The opposite occurred during the
2001 recession. The growth mechanism induces positive
comovement between consumption and investment.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.07.001},
Key = {fds320576}
}
@article{fds320098,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Ilut, CL},
Title = {Monetary/Fiscal Policy Mix and Agents’
Beliefs},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {119},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We reinterpret post World War II US economic history using
an estimated microfounded model that allows for changes in
the monetary/fiscal policy mix. We find that the fiscal
authority was the leading authority in the ‘60s and the
‘70s. The appointment of Volcker marked a change in the
conduct of monetary policy, but inflation dropped only when
fiscal policy accommodated this change two years later. In
fact, a disinflationary attempt of the monetary authority
leads to more inflation if not supported by the fiscal
authority. If the monetary authority had always been the
leading authority or if agents had been confident about the
switch, the Great Inflation would not have occurred and debt
would have been higher. This is because the rise in trend
inflation and the decline in debt of the ‘70s were caused
by a series of fiscal shocks that are inflationary only when
monetary policy accommodates fiscal policy. The reversal in
the debt-to-GDP ratio dynamics, the sudden drop in
inflation, and the fall in output of the early ‘80s are
explained by the switch in the policy mix itself. If such a
switch had not occurred, inflation would have been high for
another fifteen years. Regime changes account for the
stickiness of inflation expectations during the ‘60s and
the ‘70s and for the break in the persistence and
volatility of inflation.},
Key = {fds320098}
}
@article{fds325527,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Ilut, CL and Schneider, M},
Title = {Uncertainty Shocks, Asset Supply and Pricing Over the
Business Cycle},
Volume = {85},
Number = {2},
Pages = {810-854},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdx035},
Abstract = {© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on
behalf of The Review of Economic Studies Limited. This
article estimates a business cycle model with endogenous
financial asset supply and ambiguity averse investors.
Firms' shareholders choose not only production and
investment, but also capital structure and payout policy
subject to financial frictions. An increase in uncertainty
about profits lowers stock prices and leads firms to
substitute away from debt as well as reduce shareholder
payout. This mechanism parsimoniously accounts for the
postwar comovement in investment, stock prices, leverage,
and payout, at both business cycle and medium term cycle
frequencies. Ambiguity aversion permits aMarkov-switching
VAR representation of the model, while preserving the effect
of uncertainty shocks on the time variation in the equity
premium.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdx035},
Key = {fds325527}
}
@article{fds302427,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Melosi, L},
Title = {Dormant Shocks and Fiscal Virtue},
Journal = {Nber Macroeconomics Annual},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-46},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0889-3365},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/674588},
Doi = {10.1086/674588},
Key = {fds302427}
}
@article{fds302428,
Author = {Bianchi, F},
Title = {Regime Switches, Agents' Beliefs, and Post-World War II U.S.
Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {463-490},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000318314500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rds032},
Key = {fds302428}
}
@article{fds237956,
Author = {Bianchi, F},
Title = {Evolving monetary/fiscal policy mix in the United
States},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {102},
Number = {3},
Pages = {167-172},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.167},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.102.3.167},
Key = {fds237956}
}
@article{fds237955,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Mumtaz, H and Surico, P},
Title = {The great moderation of the term structure of UK interest
rates},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {6},
Pages = {856-871},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2009.06.004},
Abstract = {The conduct of monetary policy, the term structure of
interest rates and the structure of the economy in the UK
have changed over the post-WWII period. We model the
interaction between the macroeconomy and financial markets
using a time-varying VAR augmented with the factors from the
yield curve. There is evidence of a great moderation in the
dynamics of the yield curve, with the factors being
persistent and volatile before the introduction of inflation
targeting in 1992 but becoming stable afterwards. The
introduction of time-variation in the Factor Augmented VAR
improves the fit of the model and results in expectation
hypothesis consistent yields that are close to actual
yields, even at long maturities. Monetary policy shocks had
a significant impact on the volatility of inflation, output
and the policy rate over the pre-inflation targeting era,
but their contribution has been negligible under the current
regime. Shocks to the level of the yield curve accounted for
a large fraction of inflation variability only before 1992.
© 2009 Bank of England.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2009.06.004},
Key = {fds237955}
}
@article{fds324854,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Mumtaz, H and Surico, P},
Title = {Dynamics of the Term Structure of UK Interest
Rates},
Journal = {Economics Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {39},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324854}
}
%% Bollerslev, Tim
@article{fds376881,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Ren, Y},
Title = {Optimal Inference for Spot Regressions},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {114},
Number = {3},
Pages = {678-708},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20221338},
Abstract = {Betas from return regressions are commonly used to measure
systematic financial market risks. “Good” beta
measurements are essential for a range of empirical
inquiries in finance and macroeconomics. We introduce a
novel econometric framework for the nonparametric estimation
of time-varying betas with high-frequency data. The “local
Gaussian” property of the generic continuous-time
benchmark model enables optimal “finite-sample”
inference in a well-defined sense. It also affords more
reliable inference in empirically realistic settings
compared to conventional large-sample approaches. Two
applications pertaining to the tracking performance of
leveraged ETFs and an intraday event study illustrate the
practical usefulness of the new procedures.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20221338},
Key = {fds376881}
}
@article{fds364998,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Li, Q},
Title = {Optimal nonparametric range-based volatility
estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {238},
Number = {1},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.105548},
Abstract = {We present a general framework for optimal nonparametric
spot volatility estimation based on intraday range data,
comprised of the first, highest, lowest, and last price over
a given time-interval. We rely on a decision-theoretic
approach together with a coupling-type argument to directly
tailor the form of the nonparametric estimator to the
specific volatility measure of interest and relevant loss
function. The resulting new optimal estimators offer
substantial efficiency gains compared to existing commonly
used range-based procedures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.105548},
Key = {fds364998}
}
@article{fds364997,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V},
Title = {The jump leverage risk premium},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {150},
Number = {3},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2023.103723},
Abstract = {Jumps in asset prices are ubiquitous, yet the apparent high
price of jump risk observed empirically is commonly viewed
as puzzling. We develop new model-free short-time
risk-neutral variance expansions, allowing us to clearly
delineate the importance of jumps in generating both price
and variance risks. We find that simultaneous jumps in the
price and the stochastic volatility and/or jump intensity of
the market commands a sizeable risk premium. The existence
of “jump leverage” risk premium may be rationalized in
the context of equilibrium-based models by jumps in the
conditional moments of the underlying fundamentals and/or
changes in investors' risk aversion.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2023.103723},
Key = {fds364997}
}
@article{fds368502,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, SZ and Tang, Y},
Title = {Forecasting and Managing Correlation Risks},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds368502}
}
@article{fds370453,
Author = {Aleti, S and Bollerslev, T and Siggaard, M},
Title = {Intraday Market Return Predictability Culled from the Factor
Zoo},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds370453}
}
@article{fds369329,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {The story of GARCH: A personal odyssey},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {234},
Pages = {96-100},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.01.015},
Abstract = {I provide a brief history of the origins of the GARCH model
and my 1986 paper published in the Journal, along with a
discussion of how the GARCH model and applications thereof
have flourished since then. I also briefly highlight
connections to the more recent realized volatility
literature.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.01.015},
Key = {fds369329}
}
@article{fds370201,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Reprint of: Generalized Autoregressive Conditional
Heteroskedasticity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {234},
Pages = {25-37},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.02.001},
Abstract = {A natural generalization of the ARCH (Autoregressive
Conditional Heteroskedastic) process introduced in Engle
(1982) to allow for past conditional variances in the
current conditional variance equation is proposed.
Stationarity conditions and autocorrelation structure for
this new class of parametric models are derived. Maximum
likelihood estimation and testing are also considered.
Finally an empirical example relating to the uncertainty of
the inflation rate is presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.02.001},
Key = {fds370201}
}
@article{fds359880,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Medeiros, MC and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg,
R},
Title = {From zero to hero: Realized partial (co)variances},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {231},
Number = {2},
Pages = {348-360},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.04.013},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a generalization of the class of
realized semivariance and semicovariance measures introduced
by Barndorff-Nielsen et al. (2010) and Bollerslev et al.
(2020a) to allow for a finer decomposition of realized
(co)variances. The new “realized partial (co)variances”
allow for multiple thresholds with various locations, rather
than the single fixed threshold of zero used in semi
(co)variances. We adopt methods from machine learning to
choose the thresholds to maximize the out-of-sample forecast
performance of time series models based on realized partial
(co)variances. We find that in low dimensional settings it
is hard, but not impossible, to improve upon the simple
fixed threshold of zero. In large dimensions, however, the
zero threshold embedded in realized semi covariances emerges
as a robust choice.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.04.013},
Key = {fds359880}
}
@article{fds368503,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Granular Betas and Risk Premium Functions},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds368503}
}
@article{fds368504,
Author = {Aleti, S and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {News and Asset Pricing: A High-Frequency Anatomy of the
SDF},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds368504}
}
@article{fds357302,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Realized semibetas: Disentangling “good” and “bad”
downside risks},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {144},
Number = {1},
Pages = {227-246},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.056},
Abstract = {We propose a new decomposition of the traditional market
beta into four semibetas that depend on the signed
covariation between the market and individual asset returns.
We show that semibetas stemming from negative market and
negative asset return covariation predict significantly
higher future returns, while semibetas attributable to
negative market and positive asset return covariation
predict significantly lower future returns. The two
semibetas associated with positive market return variation
do not appear to be priced. The results are consistent with
the pricing implications from a mean-semivariance framework
combined with arbitrage risk driving a wedge between the
risk premiums for long and short positions. We conclude that
rather than betting against the traditional market beta, it
is better to bet on and against the “right”
semibetas.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.056},
Key = {fds357302}
}
@article{fds351394,
Author = {Zhang, C and Li, J and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Occupation density estimation for noisy high-frequency
data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {227},
Number = {1},
Pages = {189-211},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.013},
Abstract = {This paper studies the nonparametric estimation of
occupation densities for semimartingale processes observed
with noise. As leading examples we consider the stochastic
volatility of a latent efficient price process, the
volatility of the latent noise that separates the efficient
price from the actually observed price, and nonlinear
transformations of these processes. Our estimation methods
are decidedly nonparametric and consist of two steps: the
estimation of the spot price and noise volatility processes
based on pre-averaging techniques and in-fill asymptotic
arguments, followed by a kernel-type estimation of the
occupation densities. Our spot volatility estimates attain
the optimal rate of convergence, and are robust to leverage
effects, price and volatility jumps, general forms of serial
dependence in the noise, and random irregular sampling. The
convergence rates of our occupation density estimates are
directly related to that of the estimated spot volatilities
and the smoothness of the true occupation densities. An
empirical application involving high-frequency equity data
illustrates the usefulness of the new methods in
illuminating time-varying risks, market liquidity, and
informational asymmetries across time and
assets.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.013},
Key = {fds351394}
}
@article{fds358097,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Realized Semi(co)variation: Signs That All Volatilities are
Not Created Equal},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-252},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbab025},
Abstract = {I provide a selective review of recent developments in
financial econometrics related to measuring, modeling,
forecasting, and pricing "good"and "bad"volatilities based
on realized variation type measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. An especially appealing
feature of the different measures concerns the ease with
which they may be calculated empirically, merely involving
cross-products of signed, or thresholded, high-frequency
returns. I begin by considering univariate semivariation
measures, followed by multivariate semicovariation and
semibeta measures, before briefly discussing even richer
partial (co)variation measures. I focus my discussion on
practical uses of the measures emphasizing what I consider
to be the most noteworthy empirical findings to date
pertaining to volatility forecasting and asset
pricing.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbab025},
Key = {fds358097}
}
@article{fds359879,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Liao, Z},
Title = {Fixed-k inference for volatility},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1053-1084},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1749},
Abstract = {We present a new theory for the conduct of nonparametric
inference about the latent spot volatility of a
semimartingale asset price process. In contrast to existing
theories based on the asymptotic notion of an increasing
number of observations in local estimation blocks, our
theory treats the estimation block size k as fixed. While
the resulting spot volatility estimator is no longer
consistent, the new theory permits the construction of
asymptotically valid and easy-to-calculate pointwise
confidence intervals for the volatility at any given point
in time. Extending the theory to a high-dimensional
inference setting with a growing number of estimation blocks
further permits the construction of uniform confidence bands
for the volatility path. An empirically realistically
calibrated simulation study underscores the practical
reliability of the new inference procedures. An empirical
application based on intraday data for the S&P 500 equity
index reveals highly significant abrupt changes, or jumps,
in the market volatility at FOMC news announcement times,
validating recent uses of various high-frequency-based
identification schemes in asset pricing finance and monetary
economics.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1749},
Key = {fds359879}
}
@article{fds349742,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Chaves, LSS},
Title = {Generalized Jump Regressions for Local Moments},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1015-1025},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Abstract = {We develop new high-frequency-based inference procedures for
analyzing the relationship between jumps in instantaneous
moments of stochastic processes. The estimation consists of
two steps: the nonparametric determination of the jumps as
differences in local averages, followed by a
minimum-distance type estimation of the parameters of
interest under general loss functions that include both
least-square and more robust quantile regressions as special
cases. The resulting asymptotic distribution of the
estimator, derived under an infill asymptotic setting, is
highly nonstandard and generally not mixed normal. In
addition, we establish the validity of a novel bootstrap
algorithm for making feasible inference including
bias-correction. The new methods are applied in a study on
the relationship between trading intensity and spot
volatility in the U.S. equity market at the time of
important macroeconomic news announcement.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Key = {fds349742}
}
@article{fds339888,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Multivariate leverage effects and realized semicovariance
GARCH models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {217},
Number = {2},
Pages = {411-430},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.12.011},
Abstract = {We propose new asymmetric multivariate volatility models.
The models exploit estimates of variances and covariances
based on the signs of high-frequency returns, measures known
as realized semivariances, semicovariances, and
semicorrelations, to allow for more nuanced responses to
positive and negative return shocks than threshold
“leverage effect” terms traditionally used in the
literature. Our empirical implementations of the new models,
including extensions of widely-used bivariate GARCH
specifications for a number of individual stocks and the
aggregate market portfolio as well as larger dimensional
dynamic conditional correlation type formulations for a
cross-section of individual stocks, provide clear evidence
of improved model fit and reveal new and interesting
asymmetric joint dynamic dependencies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.12.011},
Key = {fds339888}
}
@article{fds358098,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Realized Semibetas: Signs of Things to Come},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds358098}
}
@article{fds335428,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Patton, A and Quaedvlieg,
R},
Title = {Realized Semicovariances},
Journal = {Econometrica: journal of the Econometric
Society},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1515-1551},
Publisher = {Econometric Society},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17056},
Abstract = {We propose a decomposition of the realized covariance matrix
into components based on the signs of the underlying
high‐frequency returns, and we derive the asymptotic
properties of the resulting realized semicovariance measures
as the sampling interval goes to zero. The first‐order
asymptotic results highlight how the same‐sign and
mixed‐sign components load differently on economic
information related to stochastic correlation and jumps. The
second‐order asymptotic results reveal the structure
underlying the same‐sign semicovariances, as manifested in
the form of co‐drifting and dynamic “leverage”
effects. In line with this anatomy, we use data on a large
cross‐section of individual stocks to empirically document
distinct dynamic dependencies in the different realized
semicovariance components. We show that the accuracy of
portfolio return variance forecasts may be significantly
improved by exploiting the information in realized
semicovariances.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA17056},
Key = {fds335428}
}
@article{fds342812,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Meddahi, N and Nyawa, S},
Title = {High-dimensional multivariate realized volatility
estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {212},
Number = {1},
Pages = {116-136},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.04.023},
Abstract = {We provide a new factor-based estimator of the realized
covolatility matrix, applicable in situations when the
number of assets is large and the high-frequency data are
contaminated with microstructure noises. Our estimator
relies on the assumption of a factor structure for the noise
component, separate from the latent systematic risk factors
that characterize the cross-sectional variation in the
frictionless returns. The new estimator provides
theoretically more efficient and finite-sample more accurate
estimates of large-scale integrated covolatility and
correlation matrices than other recently developed realized
estimation procedures. These theoretical and
simulation-based findings are further corroborated by an
empirical application related to portfolio allocation and
risk minimization involving several hundred individual
stocks.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.04.023},
Key = {fds342812}
}
@article{fds339232,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Xue, Y},
Title = {Volume, volatility, and public news announcements},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2005-2041},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy003},
Abstract = {We provide new empirical evidence for the way in which
financial markets process information. Our results rely
critically on high-frequency intraday price and volume data
for theS & P500 equity portfolio and U.S. Treasury bonds,
along with new econometric techniques, for making inference
on the relationship between trading intensity and spot
volatility around public news announcements. Consistent with
the predictions derived from a theoretical model in which
investors agree to disagree, our estimates for the intraday
volume-volatility elasticity around important news
announcements are systematically belowunity. Our elasticity
estimates also decrease significantly with measures of
disagreements in beliefs, economic uncertainty, and
textual-based sentiment, further highlighting the key role
played by differences-of-opinion.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy003},
Key = {fds339232}
}
@article{fds335427,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Hood, B and Huss, J and Pedersen,
LH},
Title = {Risk Everywhere: Modeling and Managing Volatility},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds335427}
}
@article{fds339889,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and forecasting (un)reliable realized covariances
for more reliable financial decisions},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {We propose a new framework for modeling and forecasting
common financial risks based on (un)reliable realized
covariance measures constructed from high-frequency intraday
data. Our new approach explicitly incorporates the effect of
measurement errors and time-varying attenuation biases into
the covariance forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante
predictions to respond more (less) aggressively to changes
in the ex-post realized covariance measures when they are
more (less) reliable. Applying the new procedures in the
construction of minimum variance and minimum tracking error
portfolios results in reduced turnover and statistically
superior positions compared to existing procedures.
Translating these statistical improvements into economic
gains, we find that under empirically realistic assumptions
a risk-averse investor would be willing to pay up to 170
basis points per year to shift to using the new class of
forecasting models.},
Key = {fds339889}
}
@article{fds325788,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, SZ and Zhao, B},
Title = {Good Volatility, Bad Volatility and the Cross-Section of
Stock Returns},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325788}
}
@misc{fds358099,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Xue, Y},
Title = {Volume, Volatility and Public News Announcements},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We provide new empirical evidence for the way in which
financial markets process information. Our results are based
on high-frequency intraday data along with new econometric
techniques for making inference on the relationship between
trading intensity and spot volatility around public news
announcements. Consistent with the predictions derived from
a theoretical model in which investors agree to disagree,
our estimates for the intraday volume-volatility elasticity
around the most important news announcements are
systematically below unity. Our elasticity estimates also
decrease significantly with measures of disagreements in
beliefs, economic uncertainty, and textual-based sentiment,
further highlighting the key role played by
differences-of-opinion.},
Key = {fds358099}
}
@article{fds313882,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, SZ and Todorov, V},
Title = {Roughing up beta: Continuous versus discontinuous betas and
the cross section of expected stock returns},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {120},
Number = {3},
Pages = {464-490},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2016.02.001},
Abstract = {We investigate how individual equity prices respond to
continuous and jumpy market price moves and how these
different market price risks, or betas, are priced in the
cross section of expected stock returns. Based on a novel
high-frequency data set of almost 1,000 stocks over two
decades, we find that the two rough betas associated with
intraday discontinuous and overnight returns entail
significant risk premiums, while the intraday continuous
beta does not. These higher risk premiums for the
discontinuous and overnight market betas remain significant
after controlling for a long list of other firm
characteristics and explanatory variables.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2016.02.001},
Key = {fds313882}
}
@article{fds313884,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Exploiting the errors: A simple approach for improved
volatility forecasting},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {192},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Abstract = {We propose a new family of easy-to-implement realized
volatility based forecasting models. The models exploit the
asymptotic theory for high-frequency realized volatility
estimation to improve the accuracy of the forecasts. By
allowing the parameters of the models to vary explicitly
with the (estimated) degree of measurement error, the models
exhibit stronger persistence, and in turn generate more
responsive forecasts, when the measurement error is
relatively low. Implementing the new class of models for the
S&P 500 equity index and the individual constituents of the
Dow Jones Industrial Average, we document significant
improvements in the accuracy of the resulting forecasts
compared to the forecasts from some of the most popular
existing models that implicitly ignore the temporal
variation in the magnitude of the realized volatility
measurement errors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Key = {fds313884}
}
@article{fds325539,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and Forecasting (Un)Reliable Realized Covariances
for More Reliable Financial Decisions},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Abstract = {© 2018 Elsevier B.V. We propose a new framework for
modeling and forecasting common financial risks based on
(un)reliable realized covariance measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. Our new approach explicitly
incorporates the effect of measurement errors and
time-varying attenuation biases into the covariance
forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante predictions to respond
more (less) aggressively to changes in the ex-post realized
covariance measures when they are more (less) reliable.
Applying the new procedures in the construction of minimum
variance and minimum tracking error portfolios results in
reduced turnover and statistically superior positions
compared to existing procedures. Translating these
statistical improvements into economic gains, we find that
under empirically realistic assumptions a risk-averse
investor would be willing to pay up to 170 basis points per
year to shift to using the new class of forecasting
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Key = {fds325539}
}
@article{fds325789,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Hood, B and Huss, J and Pedersen,
LH},
Title = {Risk Everywhere: Modeling and Managing Volatility},
Volume = {31},
Number = {7},
Pages = {2730-2773},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy041},
Abstract = {© The Author 2018. Based on high-frequency data for more
than fifty commodities, currencies, equity indices, and
fixed-income instruments spanning more than two decades, we
document strong similarities in realized volatility patterns
within and across asset classes. Exploiting these
similarities through panel-based estimation of new realized
volatility models results in superior out-of-sample risk
forecasts, compared to forecasts from existing models and
conventional procedures that do not incorporate the
similarities in volatilities. We develop a utility-based
framework for evaluating risk models that shows significant
economic gains from our new risk model. Lastly, we evaluate
the effects of transaction costs and trading speed in
implementing different risk models.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhy041},
Key = {fds325789}
}
@article{fds237957,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V and Xu, L},
Title = {Tail risk premia and return predictability},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {118},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-134},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2015.02.010},
Abstract = {The variance risk premium, defined as the difference between
the actual and risk-neutral expectations of the forward
aggregate market variation, helps predict future market
returns. Relying on a new essentially model-free estimation
procedure, we show that much of this predictability may be
attributed to time variation in the part of the variance
risk premium associated with the special compensation
demanded by investors for bearing jump tail risk, consistent
with the idea that market fears play an important role in
understanding the return predictability.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2015.02.010},
Key = {fds237957}
}
@article{fds237958,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Xu, L and Zhou, H},
Title = {Stock return and cash flow predictability: The role of
volatility risk},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {187},
Number = {2},
Pages = {458-471},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.031},
Abstract = {We examine the joint predictability of return and cash flow
within a present value framework, by imposing the
implications from a long-run risk model that allow for both
time-varying volatility and volatility uncertainty. We
provide new evidence that the expected return variation and
the variance risk premium positively forecast both
short-horizon returns and dividend growth rates. We also
confirm that dividend yield positively forecasts
long-horizon returns, but that it does not help in
forecasting dividend growth rates. Our equilibrium-based
"structural" factor GARCH model permits much more accurate
inference than univariate regression procedures
traditionally employed in the literature. The model also
allows for the direct estimation of the underlying economic
mechanisms, including a new volatility leverage effect, the
persistence of the latent long-run growth component and the
two latent volatility factors, as well as the
contemporaneous impacts of the underlying "structural"
shocks.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.031},
Key = {fds237958}
}
@article{fds237960,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V},
Title = {Time-varying jump tails},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {183},
Number = {2},
Pages = {168-180},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.05.007},
Abstract = {We develop new methods for the estimation of time-varying
risk-neutral jump tails in asset returns. In contrast to
existing procedures based on tightly parameterized models,
our approach imposes much fewer structural assumptions,
relying on extreme-value theory approximations together with
short-maturity options. The new estimation approach
explicitly allows the parameters characterizing the shape of
the right and the left tails to differ, and importantly for
the tail shape parameters to change over time. On
implementing the procedures with a panel of S&P 500 options,
our estimates clearly suggest the existence of highly
statistically significant temporal variation in both of the
tails. We further relate this temporal variation in the
shape and the magnitude of the jump tails to the underlying
return variation through the formulation of simple time
series models for the tail parameters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.05.007},
Key = {fds237960}
}
@article{fds237964,
Author = {Kontoghiorghes, EJ and Van Dijk and HK and Belsley, DA and Bollerslev,
T and Diebold, FX and Dufour, JM and Engle, R and Harvey, A and Koopman,
SJ and Pesaran, H and Phillips, PCB and Smith, RJ and West, M and Yao, Q and Amendola, A and Billio, M and Chen, CWS and Chiarella, C and Colubi, A and Deistler, M and Francq, C and Hallin, M and Jacquier, E and Judd, K and Koop, G and Lütkepohl, H and MacKinnon, JG and Mittnik, S and Omori, Y and Pollock, DSG and Proietti, T and Rombouts, JVK and Scaillet, O and Semmler, W and So, MKP and Steel, M and Taylor, R and Tzavalis, E and Zakoian, JM and Peter Boswijk and H and Luati, A and Maheu,
J},
Title = {CFEnetwork: The Annals of computational and financial
econometrics: 2nd issue},
Journal = {Computational Statistics and Data Analysis},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-9473},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2014.04.006},
Doi = {10.1016/j.csda.2014.04.006},
Key = {fds237964}
}
@article{fds320578,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Wenjing, W},
Title = {Daily House Price Indexes: Construction, Modeling, and
Longer-Run Predictions},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {31},
Number = {166},
Pages = {49 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We construct daily house price indexes for ten major U.S.
metropolitan areas. Our calculations are based on a
comprehensive database of several million residential
property transactions and a standard repeat-sales method
that closely mimics the procedure used in the construction
of the popular monthly Case-Shiller house price indexes. Our
new daily house price indexes exhibit similar
characteristics to other daily asset prices, with mild
autocorrelation and strong conditional heteroskedasticity,
which are well described by a relatively simple multivariate
GARCH type model. The sample and model-implied correlations
across house price index returns are low at the daily
frequency, but rise monotonically with the return horizon,
and are all commensurate with existing empirical evidence
for the existing monthly and quarterly house price series. A
simple model of daily house price index returns produces
forecasts of monthly house price changes that are superior
to various alternative forecast procedures based on lower
frequency data, underscoring the informational advantages of
our new more finely sampled daily price series.},
Key = {fds320578}
}
@article{fds237996,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V and Li, SZ},
Title = {Jump tails, extreme dependencies, and the distribution of
stock returns},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {172},
Number = {2},
Pages = {307-324},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.08.014},
Abstract = {We provide a new framework for estimating the systematic and
idiosyncratic jump tail risks in financial asset prices. Our
estimates are based on in-fill asymptotics for directly
identifying the jumps, together with Extreme Value Theory
(EVT) approximations and methods-of-moments for assessing
the tail decay parameters and tail dependencies. On
implementing the procedures with a panel of intraday prices
for a large cross-section of individual stocks and the S&P
500 market portfolio, we find that the distributions of the
systematic and idiosyncratic jumps are both generally
heavy-tailed and close to symmetric, and show how the jump
tail dependencies deduced from the high-frequency data
together with the day-to-day variation in the diffusive
volatility account for the "extreme" joint dependencies
observed at the daily level. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.08.014},
Key = {fds237996}
}
@article{fds325790,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Christoffersen, P and Diebold,
FX},
Title = {Financial Risk Measurement for Financial Risk
Management},
Volume = {2},
Number = {PB},
Pages = {1127-1220},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Current practice largely follows restrictive approaches to
market risk measurement, such as historical simulation or
RiskMetrics. In contrast, we propose flexible methods that
exploit recent developments in financial econometrics and
are likely to produce more accurate risk assessments,
treating both portfolio-level and asset-level analysis.
Asset-level analysis is particularly challenging because the
demands of real-world risk management in financial
institutions—in particular, real-time risk tracking in
very high-dimensional situations—impose strict limits on
model complexity. Hence we stress powerful yet parsimonious
models that are easily estimated. In addition, we emphasize
the need for deeper understanding of the links between
market risk and macroeconomic fundamentals, focusing
primarily on links among equity return volatilities, real
growth, and real growth volatilities. Throughout, we strive
not only to deepen our scientific understanding of market
risk, but also cross-fertilize the academic and practitioner
communities, promoting improved market risk measurement
technologies that draw on the best of both.},
Key = {fds325790}
}
@article{fds237995,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Sizova, N and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility in equilibrium: Asymmetries and dynamic
dependencies},
Journal = {Review of Finance},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-80},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1572-3097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfr005},
Abstract = {Stock market volatility clusters in time, appears
fractionally integrated, carries a risk premium, and
exhibits asymmetric leverage effects. At the same time, the
volatility risk premium, defined by the difference between
the risk-neutral and objective expectations of the
volatility, features short memory. This paper develops the
first internally consistent equilibrium-based explanation
for all these empirical facts. Using newly available
high-frequency intraday data for the S&P 500 and the VIX
volatility index, the authors show that the qualitative
implications from the new theoretical continuous-time model
match remarkably well with the distinct shapes and patterns
in the sample autocorrelations and dynamic
cross-correlations actually observed in the data. © The
Authors 2011.},
Doi = {10.1093/rof/rfr005},
Key = {fds237995}
}
@article{fds237993,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V},
Title = {Tails, Fears, and Risk Premia},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {66},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2165-2211},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01695.x},
Abstract = {We show that the compensation for rare events accounts for a
large fraction of the average equity and variance risk
premia. Exploiting the special structure of the jump tails
and the pricing thereof, we identify and estimate a new
Investor Fears index. The index reveals large time-varying
compensation for fears of disasters. Our empirical
investigations involve new extreme value theory
approximations and high-frequency intraday data for
estimating the expected jump tails under the statistical
probability measure, and short maturity out-of-the-money
options and new model-free implied variation measures for
estimating the corresponding risk-neutral expectations. ©
2011 the American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01695.x},
Key = {fds237993}
}
@article{fds237994,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Todorov, V},
Title = {Estimation of jump tails},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1727-1783},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA9240},
Abstract = {We propose a new and flexible nonparametric framework for
estimating the jump tails of Itô semimartingale processes.
The approach is based on a relatively simple-to-implement
set of estimating equations associated with the compensator
for the jump measure, or its intensity, that only utilizes
the weak assumption of regular variation in the jump tails,
along with in-fill asymptotic arguments for directly
estimating the "large" jumps. The procedure assumes that the
large-sized jumps are identically distributed, but otherwise
allows for very general dynamic dependencies in jump
occurrences, and, importantly, does not restrict the
behavior of the "small" jumps or the continuous part of the
process and the temporal variation in the stochastic
volatility. On implementing the new estimation procedure
with actual high-frequency data for the S&P 500 aggregate
market portfolio, we find strong evidence for richer and
more complex dynamic dependencies in the jump tails than
hitherto entertained in the literature. © 2011 The
Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA9240},
Key = {fds237994}
}
@article{fds325430,
Author = {Tim, B and Jesper, CB and Niels, H and Asger, L},
Title = {Periodicity, Non-stationarity, and Forecasting of Economic
and Financial Time Series: Editors' Introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Time Series Econometrics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds325430}
}
@article{fds237992,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Huang, X},
Title = {A reduced form framework for modeling volatility of
speculative prices based on realized variation
measures},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {176-189},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.029},
Abstract = {Building on realized variance and bipower variation measures
constructed from high-frequency financial prices, we propose
a simple reduced form framework for effectively
incorporating intraday data into the modeling of daily
return volatility. We decompose the total daily return
variability into the continuous sample path variance, the
variation arising from discontinuous jumps that occur during
the trading day, as well as the overnight return variance.
Our empirical results, based on long samples of
high-frequency equity and bond futures returns, suggest that
the dynamic dependencies in the daily continuous sample path
variability are well described by an approximate long-memory
HARGARCH model, while the overnight returns may be modeled
by an augmented GARCH type structure. The dynamic
dependencies in the non-parametrically identified
significant jumps appear to be well described by the
combination of an ACH model for the time-varying jump
intensities coupled with a relatively simple log-linear
structure for the jump sizes. Finally, we discuss how the
resulting reduced form model structure for each of the three
components may be used in the construction of out-of-sample
forecasts for the total return volatility. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.029},
Key = {fds237992}
}
@article{fds237999,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Gibson, M and Zhou, H},
Title = {Dynamic estimation of volatility risk premia and investor
risk aversion from option-implied and realized
volatilities},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {235-245},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.033},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a method for constructing a volatility
risk premium, or investor risk aversion, index. The method
is intuitive and simple to implement, relying on the sample
moments of the recently popularized model-free realized and
option-implied volatility measures. A small-scale Monte
Carlo experiment confirms that the procedure works well in
practice. Implementing the procedure with actual S&P500
option-implied volatilities and high-frequency
five-minute-based realized volatilities indicates
significant temporal dependencies in the estimated
stochastic volatility risk premium, which we in turn relate
to a set of macro-finance state variables. We also find that
the extracted volatility risk premium helps predict future
stock market returns. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.033},
Key = {fds237999}
}
@article{fds238000,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Meddahi, N},
Title = {Realized volatility forecasting and market microstructure
noise},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {220-234},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.032},
Abstract = {We extend the analytical results for reduced form realized
volatility based forecasting in ABM (2004) to allow for
market microstructure frictions in the observed
high-frequency returns. Our results build on the
eigenfunction representation of the general stochastic
volatility class of models developed byMeddahi (2001). In
addition to traditional realized volatility measures and the
role of the underlying sampling frequencies, we also explore
the forecasting performance of several alternative
volatility measures designed to mitigate the impact of the
microstructure noise. Our analysis is facilitated by a
simple unified quadratic form representation for all these
estimators. Our results suggest that the detrimental impact
of the noise on forecast accuracy can be substantial.
Moreover, the linear forecasts based on a
simple-to-implement 'average' (or 'subsampled') estimator
obtained by averaging standard sparsely sampled realized
volatility measures generally perform on par with the best
alternative robust measures. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.032},
Key = {fds238000}
}
@article{fds237962,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Marrone, J and Xu, L and Zhou, H},
Title = {Stock return predictability and variance risk premia:
statistical inference and international evidence},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {633-661},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0022-1090},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022109014000453},
Abstract = {Recent empirical evidence suggests that the variance risk
premium, or the difference between risk-neutral and
statistical expectations of the future return variation,
predicts aggregate stock market returns, with the
predictability especially strong at the 2-4 month horizons.
We provide extensive Monte Carlo simulation evidence that
statistical finite sample biases in the overlapping return
regressions underlying these findings can not ``explain"
this apparent predictability. Further corroborating the
existing empirical evidence, we show that the patterns in
the predictability across different return horizons
estimated from country specific regressions for France,
Germany, Japan, Switzerland and the U.K. are remarkably
similar to the pattern previously documented for the U.S.
Defining a "global" variance risk premium, we uncover even
stronger predictability and almost identical cross-country
patterns through the use of panel regressions that
effectively restrict the compensation for world-wide
variance risk to be the same across countries. Our findings
are broadly consistent with the implications from a stylized
two-country general equilibrium model explicitly
incorporating the effects of world-wide time-varying
economic uncertainty.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0022109014000453},
Key = {fds237962}
}
@article{fds237991,
Author = {Todorov, V and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Jumps and betas: A new framework for disentangling and
estimating systematic risks},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {157},
Number = {2},
Pages = {220-235},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.11.010},
Abstract = {We provide a new theoretical framework for disentangling and
estimating the sensitivity towards systematic diffusive and
jump risks in the context of factor models. Our estimates of
the sensitivities towards systematic risks, or betas, are
based on the notion of increasingly finer sampled returns
over fixed time intervals. We show consistency and derive
the asymptotic distributions of our estimators. In an
empirical application of the new procedures involving
high-frequency data for forty individual stocks, we find
that the estimated monthly diffusive and jump betas with
respect to an aggregate market portfolio differ
substantially for some of the stocks in the sample. © 2009
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.11.010},
Key = {fds237991}
}
@misc{fds340241,
Author = {Tim, B},
Title = {Glossary to ARCH (GARCH)},
Pages = {137-163},
Booktitle = {Volatility and Time Series Econometrics: Essays in Honor of
Robert Engle},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780199549498},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549498.003.0008},
Abstract = {This chapter provides an alternative and easy-to-use
encyclopedic-type reference guide to the long list of ARCH
acronyms. Comparing the length of this list to the list of
general Acronyms in Time Series Analysis (ATSA) compiled by
Granger (1983) further underscores the scope of the research
efforts and new developments that have occurred in the area
following the introduction of the basic linear ARCH model in
Engle (1982a).},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549498.003.0008},
Key = {fds340241}
}
@article{fds237990,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Frederiksen, P and Nielsen,
MØ},
Title = {Continuous-time models, realized volatilities, and testable
distributional implications for daily stock
returns},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {233-261},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.1105},
Abstract = {We provide an empirical framework for assessing the
distributional properties of daily speculative returns
within the context of the continuous-time jump diffusion
models traditionally used in asset pricing finance. Our
approach builds directly on recently developed realized
variation measures and non-parametric jump detection
statistics constructed from high-frequency intra-day data. A
sequence of simple-to-implement moment-based tests involving
various transformations of the daily returns speak directly
to the importance of different distributional features, and
may serve as useful diagnostic tools in the specification of
empirically more realistic continuous-time asset pricing
models. On applying the tests to the 30 individual stocks in
the Dow Jones Industrial Average index, we find that it is
important to allow for both time-varying diffusive
volatility, jumps, and leverage effects to satisfactorily
describe the daily stock price dynamics. Copyright © 2009
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.1105},
Key = {fds237990}
}
@misc{fds325791,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Andersen, T and Diebold, FX},
Title = {Parametric and Nonparametric Volatility Measurement},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Financial Econometrics},
Publisher = {Elsevier Science BV},
Editor = {Aït-Sahalia, Y and Hansen, LP},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Volatility has been one of the most active areas of research
in empirical finance and time series econometrics during the
past decade.},
Key = {fds325791}
}
@article{fds237998,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Tauchen, G and Zhou, H},
Title = {Expected stock returns and variance risk
premia},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {11},
Pages = {4463-4492},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhp008},
Abstract = {Motivated by the implications from a stylized self-contained
general equilibrium model incorporating the effects of
time-varying economic uncertainty, we show that the
difference between implied and realized variation, or the
variance risk premium, is able to explain a nontrivial
fraction of the time-series variation in post-1990 aggregate
stock market returns, with high (low) premia predicting high
(low) future returns. Our empirical results depend crucially
on the use of "model-free," as opposed to Black-Scholes,
options implied volatilities, along with accurate realized
variation measures constructed from high-frequency intraday
as opposed to daily data. The magnitude of the
predictability is particularly strong at the intermediate
quarterly return horizon, where it dominates that afforded
by other popular predictor variables, such as the P/E ratio,
the default spread, and the consumption-wealth
ratio.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhp008},
Key = {fds237998}
}
@article{fds237989,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Kretschmer, U and Pigorsch, C and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {A discrete-time model for daily S & P500 returns and
realized variations: Jumps and leverage effects},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {150},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.12.001},
Abstract = {We develop an empirically highly accurate discrete-time
daily stochastic volatility model that explicitly
distinguishes between the jump and continuous-time
components of price movements using nonparametric realized
variation and Bipower variation measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. The model setup allows us to
directly assess the structural inter-dependencies among the
shocks to returns and the two different volatility
components. The model estimates suggest that the leverage
effect, or asymmetry between returns and volatility, works
primarily through the continuous volatility component. The
excellent fit of the model makes it an ideal candidate for
an easy-to-implement auxiliary model in the context of
indirect estimation of empirically more realistic
continuous-time jump diffusion and Lévy-driven stochastic
volatility models, effectively incorporating the interdaily
dependencies inherent in the high-frequency intraday data.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.12.001},
Key = {fds237989}
}
@article{fds237988,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Law, TH and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Risk, jumps, and diversification},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {144},
Number = {1},
Pages = {234-256},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.01.006},
Abstract = {We test for price discontinuities, or jumps, in a panel of
high-frequency intraday stock returns and an equiweighted
index constructed from the same stocks. Using a new test for
common jumps that explicitly utilizes the cross-covariance
structure in the returns to identify non-diversifiable
jumps, we find strong evidence for many modest-sized, yet
highly significant, cojumps that simply pass through
standard jump detection statistics when applied on a
stock-by-stock basis. Our results are further corroborated
by a striking within-day pattern in the significant cojumps,
with a sharp peak at the time of regularly scheduled
macroeconomic news announcements. © 2008.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.01.006},
Key = {fds237988}
}
@article{fds237986,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Vega,
C},
Title = {Real-time price discovery in global stock, bond and foreign
exchange markets},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {251-277},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.02.004},
Abstract = {Using a unique high-frequency futures dataset, we
characterize the response of U.S., German and British stock,
bond and foreign exchange markets to real-time U.S.
macroeconomic news. We find that news produces conditional
mean jumps; hence high-frequency stock, bond and exchange
rate dynamics are linked to fundamentals. Equity markets,
moreover, react differently to news depending on the stage
of the business cycle, which explains the low correlation
between stock and bond returns when averaged over the cycle.
Hence our results qualify earlier work suggesting that bond
markets react most strongly to macroeconomic news; in
particular, when conditioning on the state of the economy,
the equity and foreign exchange markets appear equally
responsive. Finally, we also document important
contemporaneous links across all markets and countries, even
after controlling for the effects of macroeconomic news. ©
2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.02.004},
Key = {fds237986}
}
@article{fds237987,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX},
Title = {Roughing it up: Including jump components in the
measurement, modeling, and forecasting of return
volatility},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {4},
Pages = {701-720},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest.89.4.701},
Abstract = {A growing literature documents important gains in asset
return volatility forecasting via use of realized variation
measures constructed from high-frequency returns. We
progress by using newly developed bipower variation measures
and corresponding nonparametric tests for jumps. Our
empirical analyses of exchange rates, equity index returns,
and bond yields suggest that the volatility jump component
is both highly important and distinctly less persistent than
the continuous component, and that separating the rough,
jump moves from the smooth continuous moves results in
significant out-of-sample volatility forecast improvements.
Moreover, many of the significant jumps are associated with
specific macroeconomic news announcements.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.89.4.701},
Key = {fds237987}
}
@article{fds237985,
Author = {Peng, L and Xiong, W and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Investor attention and time-varying comovements},
Journal = {European Financial Management},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {394-422},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1354-7798},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-036X.2007.00366.x},
Abstract = {This paper analyses the effect of an increase in market-wide
uncertainty on information flow and asset price comovements.
We use the daily realised volatility of the 30-year treasury
bond futures to assess macroeconomic shocks that affect
market-wide uncertainty. We use the ratio of a stock's
idiosyncratic realised volatility with respect to the S&P500
futures relative to its total realised volatility to capture
the asset price comovement with the market. We find that
market volatility and the comovement of individual stocks
with the market increase contemporaneously with the arrival
of market-wide macroeconomic shocks, but decrease
significantly in the following five trading days. This
pattern supports the hypothesis that investors shift their
(limited) attention to processing market-level information
following an increase in market-wide uncertainty and then
subsequently divert their attention back to asset-specific
information. © 2007 The Authors Journal compilation © 2007
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-036X.2007.00366.x},
Key = {fds237985}
}
@article{fds237983,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Dobrev, D},
Title = {No-arbitrage semi-martingale restrictions for
continuous-time volatility models subject to leverage
effects, jumps and i.i.d. noise: Theory and testable
distributional implications},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {138},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-180},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.05.018},
Abstract = {We develop a sequential procedure to test the adequacy of
jump-diffusion models for return distributions. We rely on
intraday data and nonparametric volatility measures, along
with a new jump detection technique and appropriate
conditional moment tests, for assessing the import of jumps
and leverage effects. A novel robust-to-jumps approach is
utilized to alleviate microstructure frictions for realized
volatility estimation. Size and power of the procedure are
explored through Monte Carlo methods. Our empirical findings
support the jump-diffusive representation for S&P500 futures
returns but reveal it is critical to account for leverage
effects and jumps to maintain the underlying semi-martingale
assumption. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.05.018},
Key = {fds237983}
}
@article{fds237997,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Anderson, TG and Diebold, FX},
Title = {Roughing it Up: Disentangling Continuous and Jump Components
in Measuring, Modeling and Forecasting Asset Return
Volatility.},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies.},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds237997}
}
@article{fds237984,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Litvinova, J and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Leverage and volatility feedback effects in high-frequency
data},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-384},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1479-8409},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbj014},
Abstract = {We examine the relationship between volatility and past and
future returns using high-frequency aggregate equity index
data. Consistent with a prolonged "leverage" effect, we find
the correlations between absolute high-frequency returns and
current and past high-frequency returns to be significantly
negative for several days, whereas the reverse
cross-correlations are generally negligible. We also find
that high-frequency data may be used in more accurately
assessing volatility asymmetries over longer daily return
horizons. Furthermore, our analysis of several popular
continuous-time stochastic volatility models clearly points
to the importance of allowing for multiple latent volatility
factors for satisfactorily describing the observed
volatility asymmetries. © 2006 Oxford University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbj014},
Key = {fds237984}
}
@misc{fds325432,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Christoffersen, PF and Diebold,
FX},
Title = {Volatility and Correlation Forecasting},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {777-878},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Economic Forecasting},
Editor = {Elliott, G and Granger, C and Timmermann, A},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {0-444-51395-7},
Abstract = {Volatility has been one of the most active and successful
areas of research in time series econometrics and economic
forecasting in recent decades. This chapter provides a
selective survey of the most important theoretical
developments and empirical insights to emerge from this
burgeoning literature, with a distinct focus on forecasting
applications. Volatility is inherently latent, and Section 1
begins with a brief intuitive account of various key
volatility concepts. Section 2 then discusses a series of
different economic situations in which volatility plays a
crucial role, ranging from the use of volatility forecasts
in portfolio allocation to density forecasting in risk
management. Sections 3-5 present a variety of alternative
procedures for univariate volatility modeling and
forecasting based on the GARCH, stochastic volatility and
realized volatility paradigms, respectively. Section 6
extends the discussion to the multivariate problem of
forecasting conditional covariances and correlations, and
Section 7 discusses volatility forecast evaluation methods
in both univariate and multivariate cases. Section 8
concludes briefly.},
Key = {fds325432}
}
@article{fds237981,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Wu,
G},
Title = {Realized Beta: Persistence and Predictability},
Journal = {Advances in Econometrics},
Volume = {20 PART 2},
Pages = {1-39},
Booktitle = {Advances in Econometrics: Econometric Analysis of Economic
and Financial Time Series},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Editor = {Thomas B. Fomby},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0731-9053},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-9053(05)20020-8},
Abstract = {A large literature over several decades reveals both
extensive concern with the question of time-varying betas
and an emerging consensus that betas are in fact
time-varying, leading to the prominence of the conditional
CAPM. Set against that background, we assess the dynamics in
realized betas, vis-à-vis the dynamics in the underlying
realized market variance and individual equity covariances
with the market. Working in the recently popularized
framework of realized volatility, we are led to a framework
of nonlinear fractional cointegration: although realized
variances and covariances are very highly persistent and
well approximated as fractionally integrated, realized
betas, which are simple nonlinear functions of those
realized variances and covariances, are less persistent and
arguably best modeled as stationary I(0) processes. We
conclude by drawing implications for asset pricing and
portfolio management. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0731-9053(05)20020-8},
Key = {fds237981}
}
@article{fds237982,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Frederiksen, PH and Nielsen,
MØ},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-179},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500106000000134},
Doi = {10.1198/073500106000000134},
Key = {fds237982}
}
@article{fds238003,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Zhou, H},
Title = {Volatility puzzles: A simple framework for gauging
return-volatility regressions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {131},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {123-150},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.01.006},
Abstract = {This paper provides a simple theoretical framework for
assessing the empirical linkages between returns and
realized and implied volatilities. First, we show that
whereas the volatility feedback effect as measured by the
sign of the correlation between contemporaneous return and
realized volatility depends importantly on the underlying
structural model parameters, the correlation between return
and implied volatility is unambiguously positive for all
reasonable parameter configurations. Second, the asymmetric
response of current volatility to lagged negative and
positive returns, typically referred to as the leverage
effect, is always stronger for implied than realized
volatility. Third, implied volatilities generally provide
downward biased forecasts of subsequent realized
volatilities. Our results help explain previous findings
reported in the extant empirical literature, and is further
corroborated by new estimation results for a sample of
monthly returns and implied and realized volatilities for
the S&P500 aggregate market index. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.01.006},
Key = {fds238003}
}
@article{fds238001,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Wu, J and Brandt,
M},
Title = {A framework for exploring the macroeconomic determinants of
systematic risk},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {398-404},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282805774669574},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774669574},
Key = {fds238001}
}
@article{fds238002,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Meddahi, N},
Title = {Correcting the errors: Volatility forecast evaluation using
high-frequency data and realized volatilities},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-296},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1872 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We develop general model-free adjustment procedures for the
calculation of unbiased volatility loss functions based on
practically feasible realized volatility benchmarks. The
procedures, which exploit recent nonparametric asymptotic
distributional results, are both easy-to-implement and
highly accurate in empirically realistic situations. We also
illustrate that properly accounting for the measurement
errors in the volatility forecast evaluations reported in
the existing literature can result in markedly higher
estimates for the true degree of return volatility
predictability.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0262.2005.00572.x},
Key = {fds238002}
}
@article{fds27285,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and P. Christoffersen and F.X.
Diebold},
Title = {Volatility Forecasting},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Economic Forecasting},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.},
Editor = {G. Elliott and C.W.J. Granger and A. Timmermann},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds27285}
}
@article{fds27286,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and P. Christoffersen and F.X.
Diebold},
Title = {Volatility and Correlation Modelling in Market Risk
Management: Pitfalls and Opportunities},
Booktitle = {Risks of Financial Institutions and the Financial
Sector},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Editor = {R. Stulz and M. Carey},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds27286}
}
@article{fds238004,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Meddahi, N},
Title = {Analytical evaluation of volatility forecasts},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1079-1110},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0020-6598.2004.00298.x},
Abstract = {Estimation and forecasting for realistic continuous-time
stochastic volatility models is hampered by the lack of
closed-form expressions for the likelihood. In response,
Andersen, Bollerslev, Diebold, and Labys (Econometrica, 71
(2003), 579-625) advocate forecasting integrated volatility
via reduced-form models for the realized volatility,
constructed by summing high-frequency squared returns.
Building on the eigenfunction stochastic volatility models,
we present analytical expressions for the forecast
efficiency associated with this reduced-form approach as a
function of sampling frequency. For popular models like
GARCH, multi-factor affine, and lognormal diffusions, the
reduced form procedures perform remarkably well relative to
the optimal (infeasible) forecasts.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0020-6598.2004.00298.x},
Key = {fds238004}
}
@article{fds326174,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Zhou, H},
Title = {Corrigendum to "Estimating stochastic volatility diffusion
using conditional moments of integrated volatility" [J.
Econom. 109 (2002) 33-65]},
Volume = {119},
Number = {1},
Pages = {221-222},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds326174}
}
@article{fds27288,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and F.X. Diebold and C.
Vega},
Title = {Real-Time Price Discovery in Stock, Bond and Foreign
Exchange Markets},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27288}
}
@article{fds27289,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and M. Gibson and H. Zhou},
Title = {Estimating Time-Varying Volatility Risk Premia and Investor
Risk Aversion from Options Implied and Realized
Volatilities},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27289}
}
@article{fds14683,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and F.X.
Diebold},
Title = {Some Like it Smooth and Some Like it Rough: Untangling
Continuous and Jump Components in Measuring, Modeling and
Forecasting Asset Return Volatility},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds14683}
}
@misc{fds29270,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and F.X. Diebold and P.
Labys},
Title = {The Distribution of Realized Exchange Rate Volatility
(Journal of the American Statistical Association, 96, 42-55,
2001)},
Booktitle = {Stochastic Volatility},
Publisher = {Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {N. Shephard},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds29270}
}
@article{fds237979,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Zhou, H},
Title = {Erratum: Estimating stochastic volatility diffusion using
conditional moments of integrated volatility (Journal of
Econometircs (2002) 109 (33-65) PII: S0304407601001415)},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {119},
Number = {1},
Pages = {221-222},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.016},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.016},
Key = {fds237979}
}
@article{fds238044,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Vega,
C},
Title = {Micro effects of macro announcements: Real-time price
discovery in foreign exchange},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {93},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-62},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803321455151},
Abstract = {Using a new data set consisting of six years of real-time
exchange-rate quotations, macroeconomic expectations, and
macroeconomic realizations, we characterize the conditional
means of U.S. dollar spot exchange rates. In particular, we
find that announcement surprises produce conditional mean
jumps; hence high-frequency exchange-rate dynamics are
linked to fundamentals. The details of the linkage are
intriguing and include announcement timing and sign effects.
The sign effect refers to the fact that the market reacts to
news in an asymmetric fashion: bad news has greater impact
than good news, which we relate to recent theoretical work
on information processing and price discovery.},
Doi = {10.1257/000282803321455151},
Key = {fds238044}
}
@article{fds238043,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Zhang, BYB},
Title = {Measuring and modeling systematic risk in factor pricing
models using high-frequency data},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {533-558},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(03)00004-5},
Abstract = {This paper demonstrates how high-frequency data may be used
in more effectively measuring and modeling the systematic
risk(s) in factor pricing models. Based on a 7-year sample
of continuously recorded US equity transactions, we find
that simple and easy-to-implement time series forecast for
the high-frequency-based factor loadings in the three-factor
Fama-French model gives rise to more accurate factor
representations and improved asset pricing predictions when
compared to the conventional monthly rolling
regression-based estimates traditionally employed in the
literature, in turn resulting in more efficient ex post
mean-variance portfolios. As such, the methodology proposed
in the paper holds the promise for important new insights
concerning actual real-world investment decisions and
practical situations involving risk management. © 2003
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(03)00004-5},
Key = {fds238043}
}
@article{fds238045,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Labys,
P},
Title = {Modeling and forecasting realized volatility},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {71},
Number = {2},
Pages = {579-625},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0262.00418},
Abstract = {We provide a framework for Integration of high-frequency
intraday data into the measurement, modeling, and
forecasting of daily and lower frequency return volatilities
and return distributions. Building on the theory of
continuous-time arbitrage-free price processes and the
theory of quadratic variation, we develop formal links
between realized volatility and the conditional covariance
matrix. Next, using continuously recorded observations for
the Deutschemark/Dollar and Yen/Dollar spot exchange rates,
we find that forecasts from a simple long-memory Gaussian
vector autoregression for the logarithmic daily realized
volatilities perform admirably. Moreover, the vector
autoregressive volatility forecast, coupled with a
parametric lognormal-normal mixture distribution produces
well-calibrated density forecasts of future returns, and
correspondingly accurate quantile predictions. Our results
hold promise for practical modeling and forecasting of the
large covariance matrices relevant in asset pricing, asset
allocation, and financial risk management
applications.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0262.00418},
Key = {fds238045}
}
@misc{fds14668,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and R.T. Baillie and H.O.
Mikkelsen},
Title = {Fractionally Integrated Generalized Autoregresisve
Conditional Heteroskedasticity (Journal of Econometrics, 74,
3-30, 1996)},
Booktitle = {Recent Developments in Time Series},
Publisher = {London: Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {P. Newbold and S.J. Leybourne},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14668}
}
@misc{fds14669,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and R.Y. Chou and K.F. Kroner},
Title = {ARCH Modeling in Finance: A Review of the Theory and
Empirical Evidence (Journal of Econometrics, 52, 5-59,
1992)},
Booktitle = {Recent Developments in Time Series},
Publisher = {London: Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {P. Newbold and S.J. Leybourne},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14669}
}
@article{fds14690,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and F. X.
Diebold},
Title = {"Parametric and Nonparametric Volatility
Measurement"},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Financial Econometrics},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.},
Editor = {Y. Ait-Sahalia and L.P. Hansen},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14690}
}
@article{fds164589,
Author = {Tim Bollerslev and Torben G. Anderson and Francis X. Diebold and Clara Vega},
Title = {Micro Effects of Macro Announcements: Real-Time Price
Discovery in Foreign Exchange.},
Journal = {American Economic Review.},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds164589}
}
@article{fds164590,
Author = {Tim Bollerslev and Torben G. Anderson and Francis X. Diebold and Paul Labys},
Title = {Modeling and Forecasting Realized Volatility},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds164590}
}
@article{fds238041,
Author = {Forsberg, L and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Bridging the gap between the distribution of realized (ECU)
volatility and ARCH modelling (of the Euro): The GARCH-NIG
model},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {535-548},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.685},
Abstract = {This paper bridges the gap between traditional ARCH
modelling and recent advances on realized volatilities.
Based on a ten-year sample of five-minute returns for the
ECU basket currencies versus the US dollar, we find that the
realized volatilities constructed from the summation of the
high-frequency intraday squared returns conditional on the
lagged squared daily returns are approximately Inverse
Gaussian (IG) distributed, while the distribution of the
daily returns standardized by their realized volatilities is
approximately normal. Moreover, the implied daily GARCH
model with Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) errors estimated
for the ECU returns results in very accurate out-of-sample
predictions for the three years of actual daily Euro/US
dollar exchange rates. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.685},
Key = {fds238041}
}
@article{fds238042,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Zhou, H},
Title = {Estimating stochastic volatility diffusion using conditional
moments of integrated volatility},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-65},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1893 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We exploit the distributional information contained in
high-frequency intraday data in constructing a simple
conditional moment estimator for stochastic volatility
diffusions. The estimator is based on the analytical
solutions of the first two conditional moments for the
latent integrated volatility, the realization of which is
effectively approximated by the sum of the squared
high-frequency increments of the process. Our simulation
evidence indicates that the resulting GMM estimator is
highly reliable and accurate. Our empirical implementation
based on high-frequency five-minute foreign exchange returns
suggests the presence of multiple latent stochastic
volatility factors and possible jumps. © 2002 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(01)00141-5},
Key = {fds238042}
}
@misc{fds14728,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen},
Title = {Answering the Skeptics: Yes, Standard Volatility Models do
Provide Accurate Forecasts (International Economic Review,
39, 885-905, 1998)},
Booktitle = {Forecasting Financial Markets},
Publisher = {London: Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {T.C. Mills},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds14728}
}
@misc{fds14734,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and R.T. Baillie},
Title = {The Message in Daily Exchange Rates: A Conditional Variance
Tale (Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 7,
297-305, 1989)},
Journal = {reprinted in 20th Anniversary Issue of Journal of Business
and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds14734}
}
@article{fds304416,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Wright, JH},
Title = {High-frequency data, frequency domain inference, and
volatility forecasting},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {596-602},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465301753237687},
Abstract = {Although it is clear that the volatility of asset returns is
serially correlated, there is no general agreement as to the
most appropriate parametric model for characterizing this
temporal dependence. In this paper, we propose a simple way
of modeling financial market volatility using high-frequency
data. The method avoids using a tight parametric model by
instead simply fitting a long autoregression to log-squared,
squared, or absolute high-frequency returns. This can either
be estimated by the usual time domain method, or
alternatively the autoregressive coefficients can be backed
out from the smoothed periodogram estimate of the spectrum
of log-squared, squared, or absolute returns. We show how
this approach can be used to construct volatility forecasts,
which compare favorably with some leading alternatives in an
out-of-sample forecasting exercise.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465301753237687},
Key = {fds304416}
}
@article{fds238040,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Ebens,
H},
Title = {The distribution of realized stock return
volatility},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-76},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(01)00055-1},
Abstract = {We examine "realized" daily equity return volatilities and
correlations obtained from high-frequency intraday
transaction prices on individual stocks in the Dow Jones
Industrial Average. We find that the unconditional
distributions of realized variances and covariances are
highly right-skewed, while the realized logarithmic standard
deviations and correlations are approximately Gaussian, as
are the distributions of the returns scaled by realized
standard deviations. Realized volatilities and correlations
show strong temporal dependence and appear to be well
described by long-memory processes. Finally, there is strong
evidence that realized volatilities and correlations move
together in a manner broadly consistent with latent factor
structure. © 2001 Elsevier Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-405X(01)00055-1},
Key = {fds238040}
}
@article{fds238039,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Labys,
P},
Title = {The distribution of realized exchange rate
volatility},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {96},
Number = {453},
Pages = {42-55},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/016214501750332965},
Abstract = {Using high-frequency data on deutschemark and yen returns
against the dollar, we construct model-free estimates of
daily exchange rate volatility and correlation that cover an
entire decade. Our estimates, termed realized volatilities
and correlations, are not only model-free, but also
approximately free of measurement error under general
conditions, which we discuss in detail. Hence, for practical
purposes, we may treat the exchange rate volatilities and
correlations as observed rather than latent. We do so, and
we characterize their joint distribution, both
unconditionally and conditionally. Noteworthy results
include a simple normality-inducing volatility
transformation, high contemporaneous correlation across
volatilities, high correlation between correlation and
volatilities, pronounced and persistent dynamics in
volatilities and correlations, evidence of long-memory
dynamics in volatilities and correlations, and remarkably
precise scaling laws under temporal aggregation. © 2001
American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/016214501750332965},
Key = {fds238039}
}
@article{fds238030,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Financial econometrics: Past developments and future
challenges},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-51},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(00)00052-X},
Abstract = {The field of financial econometrics has had a glamorous run
during the life span of the Journal of Econometrics. This
note provides a selective summary of the most important
developments in the field over the past two decades, notably
ARCH and GMM, along with a discussion of promising avenues
for future research. © 2001 Elsevier Science S.A. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(00)00052-X},
Key = {fds238030}
}
@article{fds238038,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Das, A},
Title = {Variance-ratio statistics and high-frequency data: Testing
for changes in intraday volatility patterns},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {305-327},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00326},
Abstract = {Variance-ratio tests are routinely employed to assess the
variation in return volatility over time and across markets.
However, such tests are not statistically robust and can be
seriously misleading within a high-frequency context. We
develop improved inference procedures using a Fourier
Flexible Form regression framework. The practical
significance is illustrated through tests for changes in the
FX intraday volatility pattern following the removal of
trading restrictions in Tokyo. Contrary to earlier evidence,
we find no discernible changes outside of the Tokyo lunch
period. We ascribe the difference to the fragile
finite-sample inference of conventional variance-ratio
procedures and a single outlier.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00326},
Key = {fds238038}
}
@misc{fds14736,
Author = {T. Bollerslev},
Title = {Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity
(Journal of Econometrics, 31, 307-327, 1986)},
Journal = {reprinted in 100th Anniversary Issue of Journal of
Econometrics},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds14736}
}
@article{fds238046,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Wright, JR},
Title = {Volatility Forecasting, High-Frequency Data, and Frequency
Domain Inference},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {596-602},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465301753237687},
Abstract = {Although it is clear that the volatility of asset returns is
serially correlated, there is no general agreement as to the
most appropriate parametric model for characterizing this
temporal dependence. In this paper, we propose a simple way
of modeling financial market volatility using high-frequency
data. The method avoids using a tight parametric model by
instead simply fitting a long autoregression to log-squared,
squared, or absolute high-frequency returns. This can either
be estimated by the usual time domain method, or
alternatively the autoregressive coefficients can be backed
out from the smoothed periodogram estimate of the spectrum
of log-squared, squared, or absolute returns. We show how
this approach can be used to construct volatility forecasts,
which compare favorably with some leading alternatives in an
out-of-sample forecasting exercise.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465301753237687},
Key = {fds238046}
}
@article{fds238037,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {The forward premium anomaly is not as bad as you
think},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {471-488},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1972 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The forward premium anomaly refers to the widespread
empirical finding that the slope coefficient in the
regression of the change in the logarithm of the spot
exchange rate on the forward premium is invariably less than
unity, and often negative. This "anomaly" implies the
apparent predictability of excess returns over uncovered
interest rate parity (UIP), and is conventionally viewed as
evidence of a biased forward rate and /or of evidence of a
time-varying risk premium. This paper presents a stylized
model that imposes UIP and allows the daily spot exchange
rate to possess very persistent volatility. The model is
calibrated around realistic parameter values for daily
returns and the slope coefficient estimates in the anomalous
regressions with monthly data are found to be centered
around unity, but are very widely dispersed, and converge to
the true value of unity at a very slow rate. This
theoretical evidence is shown to be consistent with the
empirical findings for the monthly sample sizes typically
employed in the literature. Hence, the celebrated
unbiasedness regression does not appear to provide as much
evidence as previously supposed concerning the possible bias
of the forward rate. © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0261-5606(00)00018-8},
Key = {fds238037}
}
@article{fds343208,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Diebold, FX and Labys,
P},
Title = {Exchange Rate Returns Standardized by Realized Volatility
are (Nearly) Gaussian},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {159-179},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343208}
}
@misc{fds14744,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and T.G. Andersen and F.X. Diebold and P.
Labys},
Title = {Great Realizations},
Journal = {Risk Magazine},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {105-108},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds14744}
}
@article{fds238007,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Andersen, TG and Diebold, FX and Labys,
P},
Title = {Great Realizations},
Journal = {Risk},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {105-108},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds238007}
}
@article{fds238034,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Cai, J and Song, FM},
Title = {Intraday Periodicity, Long-Memory Volatility, and
Macroeconomic Announcement Effects in the U.S. Treasury Bond
Market},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-55},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(00)00002-5},
Abstract = {In this paper, we provide a detailed characterization of the
return volatility in US Treasury bond futures contracts
using a sample of 5-min returns from 1994 to 1997. We find
that public information in the form of regularly scheduled
macroeconomic announcements is an important source of
volatility at the intraday level. Among the various
announcements, we identify the Humphrey-Hawkins testimony,
the employment report, the producer price index (PPI), the
employment cost, retail sales, and the NAPM survey as having
the greatest impact. Our analysis also uncovers striking
long-memory volatility dependencies in the fixed income
market, a finding with important implications for the
pricing of long-term options and other related instruments.
© 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(00)00002-5},
Key = {fds238034}
}
@article{fds238035,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Andersen, TG and Cai, J},
Title = {Intraday and Interday Volatility in the Japanese Stock
Market},
Journal = {Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions &
Money},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-130},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1042-4431(99)00029-3},
Abstract = {This paper characterizes the volatility in the Japanese
stock market based on a 4-year sample of 5-min Nikkei 225
returns from 1994 through 1997. The intradaily volatility
exhibits a doubly U-shaped pattern associated with the
opening and closing of the separate morning and afternoon
trading sessions on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. This feature
is consistent with market microstructure theories that
emphasize the role of private and asymmetric information in
the price formation process. Meanwhile, readily identifiable
Japanese macroeconomic news announcements explain little of
the day-to-day variation in the volatility, confirming
previous findings for US equity markets. Furthermore, by
appropriately filtering out the strong intradaily periodic
pattern, the high-frequency returns reveal the existence of
important long-memory interdaily volatility dependencies.
This supports recent results stressing the importance of
exploiting high-frequency intraday asset prices in the study
of long-run volatility properties of asset returns. © 2000
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1042-4431(99)00029-3},
Key = {fds238035}
}
@article{fds238036,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Wright, JH},
Title = {Semiparametric Estimation of Long-Memory Volatility
Dependencies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-106},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1916 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Recent empirical studies have argued that the temporal
dependencies in financial market volatility are best
characterized by long memory, or fractionally integrated,
time series models. Meanwhile, little is known about the
properties of the semiparametric inference procedures
underlying much of this empirical evidence. The simulations
reported in the present paper demonstrate that, in contrast
to log-periodogram regression estimates for the degree of
fractional integration in the mean (where the span of the
data is crucially important), the quality of the inference
concerning long-memory dependencies in the conditional
variance is intimately related to the sampling frequency of
the data. Some new estimators that succinctly aggregate the
information in higher frequency returns are also proposed.
The theoretical findings are illustrated through the
analysis of a ten-year time series consisting of more than
half-a-million intradaily observations on the Japanese
Yen-U.S. Dollar exchange rate. © 2000 Published by Elsevier
Science S.A. All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds238036}
}
@article{fds238031,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Jubinski, D},
Title = {Equity trading volume and volatility: Latent information
arrivals and common long-run dependencies},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-21},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1879 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This article examines the behavior of equity trading volume
and volatility for the individual firms composing the
Standard and Poor's 100 composite index. Using multivariate
spectral methods, we find that fractionally integrated
processes best describe the long-run temporal dependencies
in both series. Consistent with a stylized
mixture-of-distributions hypothesis model in which the
aggregate “news”-arrival process possesses long-memory
characteristics, the long-run hyperbolic decay rates appear
to be common across each volume-volatility pair. © 1999
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1999.10524793},
Key = {fds238031}
}
@article{fds238032,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Mikkelsen, HO},
Title = {Long-term equity anticipation securities and stock market
volatility dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-99},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1894 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Recent empirical findings suggest that the long-run
dependence in U.S. stock market volatility is best described
by a slowly mean-reverting fractionally integrated process.
The present study complements this existing
time-series-based evidence by comparing the risk-neutralized
option pricing distributions from various ARCH-type
formulations. Utilizing a panel data set consisting of newly
created exchange traded long-term equity anticipation
securities, or leaps, on the Standard and Poor's 500 stock
market index with maturity times ranging up to three years,
we find that the degree of mean reversion in the volatility
process implicit in these prices is best described by a
Fractionally Integrated EGARCH (FIEGARCH) model. © 1999
Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00086-4},
Key = {fds238032}
}
@article{fds238033,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T and Lange, S},
Title = {Forecasting financial market volatility: Sample frequency
vis-à-vis forecast horizon},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {6},
Number = {5},
Pages = {457-477},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(99)00013-4},
Abstract = {This paper explores the return volatility predictability
inherent in high-frequency speculative returns. Our analysis
focuses on a refinement of the more traditional volatility
measures, the integrated volatility, which links the notion
of volatility more directly to the return variance over the
relevant horizon. In our empirical analysis of the foreign
exchange market the integrated volatility is conveniently
approximated by a cumulative sum of the squared intraday
returns. Forecast horizons ranging from short intraday to
1-month intervals are investigated. We document that
standard volatility models generally provide good forecasts
of this economically relevant volatility measure. Moreover,
the use of high-frequency returns significantly improves the
longer run interdaily volatility forecasts, both in theory
and practice. The results are thus directly relevant for
general research methodology as well as industry
applications.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(99)00013-4},
Key = {fds238033}
}
@article{fds237961,
Author = {Dewhirst, MW and Mitchell, JB},
Title = {Introduction.},
Journal = {Semin Radiat Oncol},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {141-142},
Year = {1998},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1053-4296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-4296(98)80039-8},
Abstract = {Copyright},
Doi = {10.1016/s1053-4296(98)80039-8},
Key = {fds237961}
}
@article{fds237975,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Deutsche mark-dollar volatility: Intraday activity patterns,
macroeconomic announcements, and longer run
dependencies},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {219-265},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.85732},
Abstract = {This paper provides a detailed characterization of the
volatility in the deutsche mark-dollar foreign exchange
market using an annual sample of five-minute returns. The
approach captures the intraday activity patterns, the
macroeconomic announcements, and the volatility persistence
(ARCH) known from daily returns. The different features are
separately quantified and shown to account for a substantial
fraction of return variability, both at the intraday and
daily level. The implications of the results for the
interpretation of the fundamental "driving forces" behind
the volatility process is also discussed.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.85732},
Key = {fds237975}
}
@article{fds238006,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Towards a unified framework for high and low frequency
return volatility modeling},
Journal = {Statistica Neerlandica},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-302},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9574.00085},
Abstract = {This paper provides a selective summary of recent work that
has documented the usefulness of high-frequency, intraday
return series in exploring issues related to the more
commonly studied daily or lower-frequency returns. We show
that careful modeling of intraday data helps resolve puzzles
and shed light on controversies in the extant volatility
literature that are difficult to address with daily data.
Among other things, we provide evidence on the interaction
between market microstructure features in the data and the
prevalence of strong volatility persistence, the source of
significant day-of-the-week effect in daily returns, the
apparent poor forecast performance of daily volatility
models, and the origin of long-memory characteristics in
daily return volatility series.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-9574.00085},
Key = {fds238006}
}
@article{fds238047,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Answering the skeptics: Yes, standard volatility models do
provide accurate forecasts},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {885-905},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2527343},
Abstract = {A voluminous literature has emerged for modeling the
temporal dependencies in financial market volatility using
ARCH and stochastic volatility models. While most of these
studies have documented highly significant in-sample
parameter estimates and pronounced intertemporal volatility
persistence, traditional ex-post forecast evaluation
criteria suggest that the models provide seemingly poor
volatility forecasts. Contrary to this contention, we show
that volatility models produce strikingly accurate
interdaily forecasts for the latent volatility factor that
would be of interest in most financial applications. New
methods for improved ex-post interdaily volatility
measurements based on high-frequency intradaily data are
also discussed.},
Doi = {10.2307/2527343},
Key = {fds238047}
}
@article{fds27272,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Torben G. Andersen},
Title = {ARCH and GARCH Models},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences Vol.II},
Publisher = {New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.},
Editor = {Samuel Kotz and Campbell B. Read and David L.
Banks},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds27272}
}
@article{fds238029,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Domowitz, I and Wang, J},
Title = {Order flow and the bid-ask spread: An empirical probability
model of screen-based trading},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {21},
Number = {8-9},
Pages = {1471-1491},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1889(97)00036-5},
Abstract = {A probabilistic framework for the analysis of screen-based
trading activity is presented. Probability functions are
derived for the stationary distributions of the best bid and
offer, conditional on the order flows. By identifying the
unobservable order and acceptance flows, our estimation
method permits the prediction of the stationary
distributions of other market statistics. A test is proposed
that allows a comparison of predicted and sample bid-ask
spread distributions taking parameter estimation error into
account. The methodology is applied to the screen-based
interbank foreign exchange market, using continuously
recorded quotes on the Deutschemark/US dollar exchange
rate.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0165-1889(97)00036-5},
Key = {fds238029}
}
@article{fds326175,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Answering the Critics: Yes, Arch Models Do Provide Good
Volatility Forecasts},
Year = {1997},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds326175}
}
@article{fds237974,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Intraday periodicity and volatility persistence in financial
markets},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {115-158},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(97)00004-2},
Abstract = {The pervasive intraday periodicity in the return volatility
in foreign exchange and equity markets is shown to have a
strong impact on the dynamic properties of high frequency
returns. Only by taking account of this strong intraday
periodicity is it possible to uncover the complex intraday
volatility dynamics that exists both within and across
different financial markets. The explicit periodic modeling
procedure developed here provides such a framework and thus
sets the stage for a formal integration of standard
volatility models with market microstructure variables to
allow for a more comprehensive empirical investigation of
the fundamental determinants behind the volatility
clustering phenomenon. © 1997 Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(97)00004-2},
Key = {fds237974}
}
@article{fds238028,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Heterogeneous information arrivals and return volatility
dynamics: Uncovering the long-run in high frequency
returns},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {975-1005},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2329513},
Abstract = {Recent empirical evidence suggests that the interdaily
volatility clustering for most speculative returns are best
characterized by a slowly mean-reverting fractionally
integrated process. Meanwhile, much shorter lived volatility
dynamics are typically observed with high frequency
intradaily returns. The present article demonstrates, that
by interpreting the volatility as a mixture of numerous
heterogeneous short-run information arrivals, the observed
volatility process may exhibit long-run dependence. As such,
the long-memory characteristics constitute an intrinsic
feature of the return generating process, rather than the
manifestation of occasional structural shifts. These ideas
are confirmed by our analysis of a one-year time series of
five-minute Deutschemark-U.S. Dollar exchange
rates.},
Doi = {10.2307/2329513},
Key = {fds238028}
}
@article{fds237973,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T and Mikkelsen, HO},
Title = {Fractionally integrated generalized autoregressive
conditional heteroskedasticity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-30},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(95)01749-6},
Abstract = {The new class of Fractionally Integrated Generalized
AutoRegressive Conditionally Heteroskedastic (FIGARCH)
processes is introduced. The conditional variance of the
process implies a slow hyperbolic rate of decay for the
influence of lagged squared innovations. Unlike I(d)
processes for the mean, Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE)
of the FIGARCH parameters are argued to be T1/2-consistent.
The small-sample behavior of an approximate MLE procedure is
assessed through a simulation study, which also documents
how the estimation of a standard GARCH model tends to
produce integrated, or IGARCH, like estimates. An empirical
example with daily Deutschmark-U.S. dollar exchange rates
illustrates the practical relevance of the new FIGARCH
specification.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(95)01749-6},
Key = {fds237973}
}
@article{fds238026,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Ghysels, E},
Title = {Periodic autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-151},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1996.10524640},
Abstract = {Most high-frequency asset returns exhibit seasonal
volatility patterns. This article proposes a new class of
models featuring periodicity in conditional
heteroscedasticity explicitly designed to capture the
repetitive seasonal time variation in the second-order
moments. This new class of periodic autoregressive
conditional heteroscedasticity, or P-ARCH, models is
directly related to the class of periodic autoregressive
moving average (ARMA) models for the mean. The implicit
relation between periodic generalized ARCH (P-GARCH)
structures and time-invariant seasonal weak GARCH processes
documents how neglected autoregressive conditional
heteroscedastic periodicity may give rise to a loss in
forecast efficiency. The importance and magnitude of this
informational loss are quantified for a variety of loss
functions through the use of Monte Carlo simulation methods.
Two empirical examples with daily bilateral
Deutschemark/British pound and intraday Deutschemark/U.S.
dollar spot exchange rates highlight the practical relevance
of the new P-GARCH class of models. Extensions to
discrete-time periodic representations of stochastic
volatility models subject to time deformation are briefly
discussed. © 1996 Taylor and Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1996.10524640},
Key = {fds238026}
}
@article{fds238027,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Mikkelsen, HO},
Title = {Modeling and pricing long memory in stock market
volatility},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {151-184},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(95)01736-4},
Abstract = {A new class of fractionally integrated GARCH and EGARCH
models for characterizing financial market volatility is
discussed. Monte Carlo simulations illustrate the
reliability of quasi maximum likelihood estimation methods,
standard model selection criteria, and residual-based
portmanteau diagnostic tests in this context. New empirical
evidence suggests that the apparent long-run dependence in
U.S. stock market volatility is best described by a
mean-reverting fractionally integrated process, so that a
shock to the optimal forecast of the future conditional
variance dissipate at a slow hyperbolic rate. The asset
pricing implications of this finding is illustrated via the
implementation of various option pricing
formula.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(95)01736-4},
Key = {fds238027}
}
@article{fds27273,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Peter E. Rossi},
Title = {Introduction: Modelling Stock Market Volatility - Bridging
the GAP to Continuous Time},
Booktitle = {Modelling Stock Market Volatility},
Publisher = {San Diego: Academic Press},
Editor = {Peter E. Rossi},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds27273}
}
@article{fds238005,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Rossi, PE},
Title = {Dan Nelson Remembered.},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {361-364},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1882 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238005}
}
@article{fds27246,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Robert J. Hodrick},
Title = {Financial Market Efficiency Tests},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Applied Econometrics, Vol.I},
Publisher = {London: Basil Blackwell},
Editor = {M. Hashem Pesaran and Michael Wickens},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27246}
}
@misc{fds237972,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Engle, RF and Nelson, DB},
Title = {Chapter 49 Arch models},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2959-3038},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Econometrics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444887665},
ISSN = {1573-4412},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4412(05)80018-2},
Abstract = {This chapter evaluates the most important theoretical
developments in ARCH type modeling of time-varying
conditional variances. The coverage include the
specification of univariate parametric ARCH models, general
inference procedures, conditions for stationarity and
ergodicity, continuous time methods, aggregation and
forecasting of ARCH models, multivariate conditional
covariance formulations, and the use of model selection
criteria in an ARCH context. Additionally, the chapter
contains a discussion of the empirical regularities
pertaining to the temporal variation in financial market
volatility. Motivated in part by recent results on optimal
filtering, a new conditional variance model for better
characterizing stock return volatility is also presented. ©
1994 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1573-4412(05)80018-2},
Key = {fds237972}
}
@article{fds238024,
Author = {BAILLIE, RT and BOLLERSLEV, T},
Title = {Cointegration, Fractional Cointegration, and Exchange Rate
Dynamics},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {737-745},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NT05700016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Multivariate tests due to Johansen (1988, 1991) as
implemented by Baillie and Bollerslev (1989a) and Diebold,
Gardeazabal, and Yilmaz (1994) reveal mixed evidence on
whether a group of exchange rates are cointegrated. Further
analysis of the deviations from the cointegrating
relationship suggests that it possesses long memory and may
possibly be well described as a fractionally integrated
process. Hence, the influence of shocks to the equilibrium
exchange rates may only vanish at very long horizons. 1994
The American Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1994.tb05161.x},
Key = {fds238024}
}
@article{fds238025,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {The long memory of the forward premium},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {13},
Number = {5},
Pages = {565-571},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(94)90005-1},
Abstract = {The estimation of ARFIMA models by approximate maximum
likelihood estimation methods, reveals the forward premia
for the currencies of Canada, Germany and the UK vis-à-vis
the US dollar, to be well described by a fractionally
integrated process. These models imply that all the forward
premia are mean reverting, although their autocorrelations
are quite persistent. This degree of persistence has led
other studies to erroneously conclude that the forward
premia contains a unit root. (JEL C22, E31). ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(94)90005-1},
Key = {fds238025}
}
@article{fds304414,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Melvin, M},
Title = {Bid-ask spreads and volatility in the foreign exchange
market. An empirical analysis},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {355-372},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1958 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Consistent with the implications from a simple asymmetric
information model for the bid-ask spread, we present
empirical evidence that the size of the bid-ask spread in
the foreign exchange market is positively related to the
underlying exchange rate uncertainty. The estimation results
are based on an ordered probit analysis that captures the
discreteness in the spread distribution, with the
uncertainty of the spot exchange rate being quantified
through a GARCH type model. The data sets consists of more
than 300,000 continuously recorded Deutschemark/dollar
quotes over the period from April 1989 to June 1989. ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(94)90008-6},
Key = {fds304414}
}
@article{fds27250,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Robert F. Engle and Daniel B.
Nelson},
Title = {ARCH Models},
Volume = {Vol.IV},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Econometrics},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.},
Editor = {Robert F. Engle and Daniel McFadden},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27250}
}
@article{fds27275,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Richard T. Baillie},
Title = {On the Interdependence of International Asset
Markets},
Booktitle = {Global Portfolio Diversification: Risk Management, Market
Microstructure, and Implementation Issues},
Publisher = {Orlando, Florida: Academic Press},
Editor = {Raj Aggarwal and David C. Schirm},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27275}
}
@article{fds238020,
Author = {BOLLERSLEV, T and DOMOWITZ, I},
Title = {Trading Patterns and Prices in the Interbank Foreign
Exchange Market},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1421-1443},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MB51200012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The behavior of quote arrivals and bid‐ask spreads is
examined for continuously recorded deutsche mark‐dollar
exchange rate data over time, across locations, and by
market participants. A pattern in the intraday spread and
intensity of market activity over time is uncovered and
related to theories of trading patterns. Models for the
conditional mean and variance of returns and bid‐ask
spreads indicate volatility clustering at high frequencies.
The proposition that trading intensity has an independent
effect on returns volatility is rejected, but holds for
spread volatility. Conditional returns volatility is
increasing in the size of the spread. 1993 The American
Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04760.x},
Key = {fds238020}
}
@article{fds238021,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T and Redfearn, MR},
Title = {Bear squeezes, volatility spillovers and speculative attacks
in the hyperinflation 1920s foreign exchange},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {12},
Number = {5},
Pages = {511-521},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(93)90037-C},
Abstract = {This paper examines some of the characteristics of the
foreign exchange market in the 1920s floating period.
Nominal returns appear to exhibit properties consistent with
asset prices on modern more well-organized financial
markets; i.e. they appear to be well described by
martingales and possess persistent time dependent
heteroscedasticity. In order to deal with the extreme
kurtosis in the exchange rate series we use robust
inferential methods to test for volatility spillovers and
shocks that might effect subsequent mean returns. Apart from
some particularly abnormal 'bear squeeze' episodes the
markets appear remarkably efficient. © 1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(93)90037-C},
Key = {fds238021}
}
@article{fds238022,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Engle, RF},
Title = {Common Persistence in Conditional Variances},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {167-167},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993KH52900007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2951782},
Key = {fds238022}
}
@article{fds27276,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Richard T. Baillie},
Title = {Nominal Exchange Rates},
Journal = {The},
Booktitle = {New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance},
Publisher = {). London: MacMillan Press Limited},
Editor = {Peter Newman},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds27276}
}
@article{fds27277,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Ian Domowitz},
Title = {Some Effects of Restricting the Electronic Order Book in an
Automated Trade Execution System},
Booktitle = {The Double Auction Market: Institutions, Theories, and
Evidence},
Publisher = {Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company},
Editor = {Daniel Friedman and John Rust},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds27277}
}
@article{fds326176,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Hodrick, RJ},
Title = {Financial Market Efficiency Tests},
Year = {1992},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds326176}
}
@article{fds237970,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Chou, RY and Kroner, KF},
Title = {ARCH modeling in finance. A review of the theory and
empirical evidence},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {5-59},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(92)90064-X},
Abstract = {Although volatility clustering has a long history as a
salient empirical regularity characterizing high-frequency
speculative prices, it was not until recently that applied
researchers in finance have recognized the importance of
explicitly modeling time-varying second-order moments.
Instrumental in most of these empirical studies has been the
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model
introduced by Engle (1982). This paper contains an overview
of some of the developments in the formulation of ARCH
models and a survey of the numerous empirical applications
using financial data. Several suggestions for future
research, including the implementation and tests of
competing asset pricing theories, market microstructure
models, information transmission mechanisms, dynamic hedging
strategies, and the pricing of derivative assets, are also
discussed. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(92)90064-X},
Key = {fds237970}
}
@article{fds304413,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Prediction in dynamic models with time-dependent conditional
variances},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {91-113},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1913 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper considers forecasting the conditional mean and
variance from a single-equation dynamic model with
autocorrelated disturbances following an ARMA process, and
innovations with time-dependent conditional
heteroskedasticity as represented by a linear GARCH process.
Expressions for the minimum MSE predictor and the
conditional MSE are presented. We also derive the formula
for all the theoretical moments of the prediction error
distribution from a general dynamic model with GARCH(1, 1)
innovations. These results are then used in the construction
of ex ante prediction confidence intervals by means of the
Cornish-Fisher asymptotic expansion. An empirical example
relating to the uncertainty of the expected depreciation of
foreign exchange rates illustrates the usefulness of the
results. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(92)90066-Z},
Key = {fds304413}
}
@article{fds337280,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Wooldridge, JM},
Title = {Quasi-maximum likelihood estimation and inference in dynamic
models with time-varying covariances},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-172},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474939208800229},
Abstract = {We study the properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood
estimator (QMLE) and related test statistics in dynamic
models that jointly parameterize conditional means and
conditional covariances, when a normal log-likelihood is
maximized but the assumption of normality is violated.
Because the score of the normal log-likelihood has the
martingale difference property when the first two
conditional moments are correctly specified, the QMLE is
generally consistent and has a limiting normal distribution.
We provide easily computable formulas for asymptotic
standard errors that are valid under nonnormality. Further,
we show how robust LM tests for the adequacy of the jointly
parameterized mean and variance can be computed from simple
auxiliary regressions. An appealing feature of these robust
inference procedures is that only first derivatives of the
conditional mean and variance functions are needed. A Monte
Carlo study indicates that the asymptotic results carry over
to finite samples. Estimation of several AR and AR-GARCH
time series models reveals that in most situations the
robust test statistics compare favorably to the two standard
(nonrobust) formulations of the Wald and LM tests. Also, for
the GARCH models and the sample sizes analyzed here, the
bias in the QMLE appears to be relatively small. An
empirical application to stock return volatility illustrates
the potential importance of computing robust statistics in
practice. © 1992 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1080/07474939208800229},
Key = {fds337280}
}
@article{fds238017,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Intra-day and inter-market volatility in foreign exchange
rates},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {565-585},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FQ95800010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Four foreign exchange spot rate series, recorded on an
hourly basis for a six-month period in 1986 are examined. A
seasonal GARCH model is developed to describe the
time-dependent volatility apparent in the percentage nominal
return of each currency. Hourly patterns in volatility are
found to be remarkably similar across currencies and appear
to be related to the opening and closing of the worlds major
markets. Robust LM tests designed to deal with the extreme
leptokurtosis in the data fails to uncover any evidence of
misspecification or the presence of volatility spillover
effects between the currencies or across markets. © 1991
The Review of Economic Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/2298012},
Key = {fds238017}
}
@article{fds27278,
Author = {T. Bollerslev and Ray Y. Chou and Narayanan Jayaraman and Kenneth
F. Kroner},
Title = {Les Modèles ARCH en Finance: Un Point sur la Théorie et
les Résultats Empiriques},
Journal = {Annales D'Économie et de Statistique},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {1-59},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds27278}
}
@article{fds238018,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Domowitz, I},
Title = {Price Volatility, Spread Variability and the Role of
Alternative Market Mechanisms},
Journal = {Review of Futures Markets},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {78-102},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds238018}
}
@article{fds238015,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Modelling the Coherence in Short-Run Nominal Exchange Rates:
A Multivariate Generalized Arch Model},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {498-498},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DZ59800015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2109358},
Key = {fds238015}
}
@article{fds238016,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {A multivariate generalized ARCH approach to modeling risk
premia in forward foreign exchange rate markets},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {309-324},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1970 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Assuming that daily spot exchange rates follow a martingale
process, we derive the implied time series process for the
vector of 30-day forward rate forecast errors from using
weekly data. The conditional second moment matrix of this
vector is modelled as a multivariate generalized ARCH
process. The estimated model is used to test the hypothesis
that the risk premium is a linear function of the
conditional variances and covariances as suggested by the
standard asset pricing theory literature. Little supportt is
found for this theory; instead lagged changes in the forward
rate appear to be correlated with the 'risk premium.'. ©
1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(90)90012-O},
Key = {fds238016}
}
@article{fds238014,
Author = {BAILLIE, RT and BOLLERSLEV, T},
Title = {Common Stochastic Trends in a System of Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {167-181},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989T608100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Univariate tests reveal strong evidence for the presence of
a unit root in the univariate time‐series representation
for seven daily spot and forward exchange rate series.
Furthermore, all seven spot and forward rates appear to be
cointegrated; that is, the forward premiums are stationary,
and one common unit root, or stochastic trend, is detectable
in the multivariate time‐series models for the seven spot
and forward rates, respectively. This is consistent with the
hypothesis that the seven exchange rates possess one
long‐run relationship and that the disequilibrium error
around that relationship partly accounts for subsequent
movements in the exchange rates. 1989 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1989.tb02410.x},
Key = {fds238014}
}
@article{fds313883,
Author = {Baillie, RT and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {The message in daily exchange rates: A conditional-variance
tale},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-305},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1989.10509739},
Abstract = {Formal testing procedures confirm the presence of a unit
root in the autoregressive polynomial of the univariate time
series representation of daily exchange-rate data. The first
differences of the logarithms of daily spot rates are
approximately uncorrelated through time, and a generalized
autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model with
daily dummy variables and conditionally f-distributed errors
is found to provide a good representation to the
leptokurtosis and time- dependent conditional
heteroscedasticity. The parameter estimates and
characteristics of the models are found to be very similar
for six different currencies. These apparent stylized facts
carry over to weekly, fortnightly, and monthly data in which
the degree of leptokurtosis and time- dependent
heteroscedasticity is reduced as the length of the sampling
interval increases. © 1989 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1989.10509739},
Key = {fds313883}
}
@article{fds238013,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Engle, RF and Wooldridge, JM},
Title = {A Capital Asset Pricing Model with Time-Varying
Covariances},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {96},
Number = {1},
Pages = {116-131},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1988},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988M339100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/261527},
Key = {fds238013}
}
@article{fds238012,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {On the Correlation Structure for the Generalized
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic
Process},
Journal = {Journal of Time Series Analysis},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-131},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9892.1988.tb00459.x},
Abstract = {Abstract. The correlation structure for the squares from the
generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic
(GARCH) process is presented. It is shown that the behaviour
of the correlations for the squares mimics the usual
correlations of an appropriately defined ARMA process,
although the admissible regions for the correlations are
somewhat more restrictive. Simulation experiments are used
to study the applicability of the theoretical results for
order identification and diagnostic checking. Finally, an
empirical example is given for the IBM stock market price
series from Box and Jenkins (1976). Copyright © 1988, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9892.1988.tb00459.x},
Key = {fds238012}
}
@article{fds238011,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {A Conditionally Heteroskedastic Time Series Model for
Speculative Prices and Rates of Return},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {3},
Pages = {542-542},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987J767700022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1925546},
Key = {fds238011}
}
@misc{fds325792,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Engle, RF and Nelson, DB},
Title = {Arch models},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2959-3038},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Econometrics},
Editor = {Engle, RF and McFadden, D},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {This chapter evaluates the most important theoretical
developments in ARCH type modeling of time-varying
conditional variances. The coverage include the
specification of univariate parametric ARCH models, general
inference procedures, conditions for stationarity and
ergodicity, continuous time methods, aggregation and
forecasting of ARCH models, multivariate conditional
covariance formulations, and the use of model selection
criteria in an ARCH context. Additionally, the chapter
contains a discussion of the empirical regularities
pertaining to the temporal variation in financial market
volatility. Motivated in part by recent results on optimal
filtering, a new conditional variance model for better
characterizing stock return volatility is also
presented.},
Key = {fds325792}
}
@article{fds238009,
Author = {Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {307-327},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(86)90063-1},
Abstract = {A natural generalization of the ARCH (Autoregressive
Conditional Heteroskedastic) process introduced in Engle
(1982) to allow for past conditional variances in the
current conditional variance equation is proposed.
Stationarity conditions and autocorrelation structure for
this new class of parametric models are derived. Maximum
likelihood estimation and testing are also considered.
Finally an empirical example relating to the uncertainty of
the inflation rate is presented. © 1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(86)90063-1},
Key = {fds238009}
}
@article{fds314841,
Author = {Engle, RF and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Reply},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-87},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0747-4938},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474938608800101},
Doi = {10.1080/07474938608800101},
Key = {fds314841}
}
@article{fds238010,
Author = {Bollerslev Robert and T and Engle, F},
Title = {Modelling the Persistence of Conditional Variances and
'Reply'},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-50},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1986},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474938608800095},
Abstract = {This paper will discuss the current research in building
models of conditional variances using the Autoregressive
Conditional Heteroskedastic (ARCH) and Generalized ARCH
(GARCH) formulations. The discussion will be motivated by a
simple asset pricing theory which is particularly
appropriate for examining futures contracts with risk averse
agents. A new class of models defined to be integrated in
variance is then introduced. This new class of models
includes the variance analogue of a unit root in the mean as
a special case. The models are argued to be both
theoretically important for the asset pricing models and
empirically relevant. The conditional density is then
generalized from a normal to a Student-t with unknown
degrees of freedom. By estimating the degrees of freedom,
implications about the conditional kurtosis of these models
and time aggregated models can be drawn. A further
generalization allows the conditional variance to be a
non-linear function of the squared innovations. Throughout,
empirical estimates of the logarithm of the exchange rate
between the U.S. dollar and the Swiss franc are presented to
illustrate the models. © 1986, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/07474938608800095},
Key = {fds238010}
}
@article{fds238008,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Hylleberg, S},
Title = {A NOTE ON THE RELATION BETWEEN CONSUMER'S EXPENDITURE AND
INCOME IN THE UNITED KINGDOM},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {47},
Number = {2},
Pages = {153-170},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0305-9049},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AJP3100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0084.1985.mp47002004.x},
Key = {fds238008}
}
%% Boyd, Gale A.
@article{fds370643,
Author = {Browning, M and McFarland, J and Bistline, J and Boyd, G and Muratori,
M and Binsted, M and Harris, C and Mai, T and Blanford, G and Edmonds, J and Fawcett, AA and Kaplan, O and Weyant, J},
Title = {Net-zero CO2 by 2050 scenarios for the United
States in the Energy Modeling Forum 37 study},
Journal = {Energy and Climate Change},
Volume = {4},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2023.100104},
Abstract = {The Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 37 study on deep
decarbonization and high electrification analyzed a set of
scenarios that achieve economy-wide net-zero carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions in North America by mid-century, exploring
the implications of different technology evolutions,
policies, and behavioral assumptions affecting energy supply
and demand. For this paper, 16 modeling teams reported
resulting emissions projections, energy system evolution,
and economic activity. This paper provides an overview of
the study, documents the scenario design, provides a roadmap
for complementary forthcoming papers from this study, and
offers an initial summary and comparison of results for
net-zero CO2 by 2050 scenarios in the United States. We
compare various outcomes across models and scenarios, such
as emissions, energy use, fuel mix evolution, and technology
adoption. Despite disparate model structure and sources for
input assumptions, there is broad agreement in energy system
trends across models towards deep decarbonization of the
electricity sector coupled with increased end-use
electrification of buildings, transportation, and to a
lesser extent industry. All models deploy negative emissions
technologies (e.g., direct air capture and bioenergy with
carbon capture and storage) in addition to land sinks to
achieve net-zero CO2 emissions. Important differences
emerged in the results, showing divergent pathways among
end-use sectors with deep electrification and grid
decarbonization as necessary but not sufficient conditions
to achieve net zero. These differences will be explored in
the papers complementing this study to inform efforts to
reach net-zero emissions and future research
needs.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.egycc.2023.100104},
Key = {fds370643}
}
@article{fds369897,
Author = {Abolhassani, A and Boyd, G and Jaridi, M and Gopalakrishnan, B and Harner, J},
Title = {“Is Energy That Different from Labor?” Similarity in
Determinants of Intensity for Auto Assembly
Plants},
Journal = {Energies},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041776},
Abstract = {This paper addresses the question “Is energy that
different from labor?” from the perspective of efficiency.
It presents a novel statistical analysis for the auto
assembly industry in North America to examine the
determinants of relative energy intensity, and contrasts
this with a similar analysis of the determinants of another
important factor of production, labor intensity. The data
used combine two non-public sources of data previously used
to separately study key performance indicators (KPIs) for
energy and labor intensity. The study found these two KPIs
are statistically correlated (the correlation coefficient is
0.67) and the relationship is one-to-one. The paper
identifies 11 factors that may influence both energy and
labor intensity KPIs. The study then contrasts which of the
empirical factors the two KPIs’ share and how they differ.
Two novel statistical methods, Huber estimators and Multiple
M-estimators, combined with regularized algorithms, are
identified as the preferred methods for robust statistical
models to estimate energy intensity. Based on our analysis,
the underlying determinants of energy efficiency and labor
productivity are quite similar. This implies that strategies
to improve energy may have spillover benefits to labor, and
vice versa. The study shows vehicle variety, car model
types, and launch of a new vehicle penalize both energy and
labor intensity, while flexible manufacturing, production
volume, and year of production improve both energy and labor
intensity. In addition, the study found that the plants that
produce small cars are more energy-efficient and productive
compared to plants that produce large vehicles. Moreover, in
a given functional unit, i.e., on a per-unit basis, Japanese
plants are more energy-efficient and productive compared to
American plants. Plant managers can use the proposed
data-driven approach to make the right decisions about the
energy efficiency targets and improve plants’ energy
efficiency up to 38% using hybrid regression methods,
mathematical modeling, plants’ resources, and
constraints.},
Doi = {10.3390/en16041776},
Key = {fds369897}
}
@misc{fds375359,
Author = {Dutrow, E and Worrell, E and Boyd, G},
Title = {ENERGY STAR Continues the Focus on Energy Efficiency in
Industrial Decarbonization},
Journal = {2023 AEE World Energy Conference and Expo},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713883937},
Key = {fds375359}
}
@misc{fds367384,
Author = {Wachs, L and McMillan, C and Boyd, G and Doolin, M},
Title = {Exploring New Ways to Classify Industries for Energy
Analysis and Modeling},
Publisher = {Office of Scientific and Technical Information
(OSTI)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1893357},
Doi = {10.2172/1893357},
Key = {fds367384}
}
@article{fds360035,
Author = {Worrell, E and Boyd, G},
Title = {Bottom-up estimates of deep decarbonization of U.S.
manufacturing in 2050},
Journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
Volume = {330},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129758},
Abstract = {The world needs to rapidly reduce emissions of carbon
dioxide (CO2) emission to stave off the risks of disastrous
climate change. In particular, decarbonizing U.S.
manufacturing industries is particularly challenging due to
the specific process requirements. This study estimates the
potential for future CO2 emission reductions in this
important sector. The analysis is a detailed accounting
exercise that relies on estimates of emission-reduction
potential from other studies and applies those potentials to
the manufacturing sector using a bottom-up approach. The
actions are grouped into four “pillars” that support
deep decarbonization of manufacturing (DDM): Energy
Efficiency, Material Efficiency, Industry-Specific, and
Power Grid. Based on this bottom-up approach, the analysis
shows that an 86% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from
the Reference Case is feasible. No single pillar dominates
DDM, although opportunities vary widely by sub-sector. The
analysis shows that a strategy incorporating a broad set of
elements from each pillar can be effective instead of
relying on any single pillar. Some pillars, such as Energy
Efficiency and Material Efficiency, have wide applicability;
others have key niche roles that are Industry-Specific; the
Power Grid pillar requires interaction between grid
decarbonization and industry action to switch from fossil
fuels to zero-carbon electricity where appropriate.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129758},
Key = {fds360035}
}
@article{fds355571,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Doolin, M},
Title = {An alternative approach to estimation of the energy
efficiency gap in food processing},
Journal = {Energy Efficiency},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-021-09942-3},
Abstract = {This paper proposes an alternative approach to the
estimation of the “practical” energy efficiency gap,
using the US food processing industry as an empirical
example. Starting with stochastic frontier energy demand
functions estimates based on non-public, plant level data
from the U.S. Census Bureau, the approach controls for plant
level inputs and output, energy prices, and other
observables including 6-digit NAICS industry designations.
This approach generates an estimate of the cumulative
distribution of energy efficiency across all plants in the
industry. While the estimates of the distributions are
sensitive to the methods, the analysis consistently shows
that few plants come close to 100% efficiency. Defining a
“practical level of energy efficiency” using the 95th
percentile of the estimated efficiency distributions,
instead of assuming 100% efficiency, results in an ~ 20%
estimate of the efficiency gap. Most of the reductions in
energy use from closing this practical efficiency gap are
from plants that are “low hanging fruit,” i.e., plants
in the bottom half of the efficiency distribution.
Two-thirds of the estimated 20% practical efficiency gap can
be achieved by bringing the lower half of the efficiency
distribution up to just the median level of observed
performance. New plants do exhibit higher energy efficiency
than existing plants which is statistically significant, but
the difference is small for most of the industries, ranging
from a low of 0.4% to a high of 5.7%.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12053-021-09942-3},
Key = {fds355571}
}
@article{fds352674,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Lee, JM},
Title = {Relative Effectiveness of Energy Efficiency Programs versus
Market Based Climate Policies in the Chemical
Industry},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {39-62},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/01956574.41.3.gboy},
Abstract = {<jats:p> This paper addresses the relative effectiveness of
market vs program based climate policies. We compute the
carbon price resulting in an equivalent reduction in energy
from programs that eliminate the efficiency gap. A
reduced-form stochastic frontier energy demand analysis of
plant level electricity and fuel data, from energy-intensive
chemical sectors, jointly estimates the distribution of
energy efficiency and underlying price elasticities. The
analysis obtains a decomposition of efficiency into
persistent (PE) and time-varying (TVE) components. Total
inefficiency is relatively small in most sectors and price
elasticities are relatively high. If all plants performed at
the 90th percentile of their efficiency distribution, the
reduction in energy is between 4% and 37%. A carbon price
averaging around $31.51/ton CO2 would achieve reductions in
energy use equivalent to all manufacturing plants making
improvements to close the efficiency gap.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.5547/01956574.41.3.gboy},
Key = {fds352674}
}
@article{fds342502,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Lee, JM},
Title = {Measuring plant level energy efficiency and technical change
in the U.S. metal-based durable manufacturing sector using
stochastic frontier analysis},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {81},
Pages = {159-174},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.03.021},
Abstract = {This study analyzes the electric and fuel energy efficiency
for five different metal-based durable manufacturing
industries in the United States over the time period
1987–2012, at the 3 digit North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) level. Using confidential
plant-level data on energy use and production from the
quinquennial U.S. Economic Census, a stochastic frontier
regression analysis (SFA) is applied in six repeated cross
sections for each five year census. The SFA controls for
energy prices and climate-driven energy demand (heating
degree days HDD and cooling degree days CDD) due to
differences in plant level locations, as well as 6-digit
NAICS industry effects. Own energy price elasticities range
from −0.7 to −1.0, with electricity tending to have
slightly higher elasticity than fuel. Mean efficiency
estimates (100% = best practice level) range from a low of
33% (fuel, NAICS 334 - Computer and Electronic Products) to
86% (electricity, NAICS 332 - Fabricated Metal Products).
Electric efficiency is consistently better than fuel
efficiency for all NAICS. Assuming that all plants in the
least efficient quartile of the efficiency distribution
achieve a median level of performance, we compute the
decline in total energy use to be 21%. A Malmquist index is
used to decompose the aggregate change in energy performance
into indices of efficiency and frontier (best practice)
change. Modest improvements in aggregate energy performance
are mostly change in best practice, but failure to keep up
with the frontier retards aggregate improvement. Given that
the best practice frontier has shifted, we also find that
firms entering the industry are statistically more
efficient, i.e. closer to the frontier; about 0.6% for
electricity and 1.7% for fuels on average.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2019.03.021},
Key = {fds342502}
}
@article{fds330728,
Author = {Dalzell, NM and Boyd, GA and Reiter, JP},
Title = {Creating linked datasets for SME energy-assessment
evidence-building: Results from the U.S. Industrial
Assessment Center Program},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {111},
Pages = {95-101},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.013},
Abstract = {Lack of information is commonly cited as a market failure
resulting in an energy-efficiency gap. Government
information policies to fill this gap may enable
improvements in energy efficiency and social welfare because
of the externalities of energy use. The U.S. Department of
Energy Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) program is one
such policy intervention, providing no-cost assessments to
small and medium enterprises (SME). The IAC program has
assembled a wealth of data on these assessments, but the
database does not include information about participants
after the assessment or on non-participants. This study
addresses that lack by creating a new linked dataset using
the public IAC and non-public data at the Census Bureau. The
IAC database excludes detail needed for an exact match, so
the study developed a linking methodology to account for
uncertainty in the matching process. Based on the linking
approach, a difference in difference analysis for SME that
received an assessment was done; plants that received an
assessment improve their performance over time, relative to
industry peers that did not. This new linked dataset is
likely to shed even more light on the impact of the IAC and
similar programs in advancing energy efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.013},
Key = {fds330728}
}
@article{fds325505,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Doollin, M and Dutrow, E and Zhang, S},
Title = {A New Benchmark of Energy Performance for Energy Management
in U.S. and Canadian Integrated Steel Plants},
Journal = {Iron and Steel Technology},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {2835-2848},
Publisher = {Association for Iron & Steel Technology},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {ENERGY STAR® supports businesses and consumers by making it
easier to save money and protect the climate through
superior energy efficiency. A key ENERGY STAR energy
management tool for industry is the plant Energy Performance
Indicator (EPI), which provides a bird’s-eye view of a
plant’s sector-specific plant-level energy use via a
functional relationship between the level of energy use and
the level and type of various production activities,
material input’s quality, and external factors. This paper
describes the development of the first EPI for evaluating
the energy performance of integrated steel mills in the U.S.
and Canada.},
Key = {fds325505}
}
@article{fds328289,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Comparing the statistical distributions of energy efficiency
in manufacturing: meta-analysis of 24 Case studies to
develop industry-specific energy performance indicators
(EPI)},
Journal = {Energy Efficiency},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {217-238},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-016-9450-y},
Abstract = {There is growing interest among policy makers and others
regarding the role that industrial energy efficiency can
play in mitigation of climate change. For over 10 years,
the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has supported
the development of sector-specific industrial energy
efficiency case studies using statistical analysis of plant
level on energy use, controlling for a variety of plant
production activities and characteristics. These case
studies are the basis for the ENERGY STAR® Energy
Performance Indicators (EPIs). These case studies fill an
important gap by estimating the distribution of efficiency
using detailed, sector-specific, plant-level data. These
estimated distributions allow Energy Star to create
“energy-efficient plant benchmarks” in a variety of
industries using the upper quartile of the estimated
efficiency distribution. Case studies have been conducted
for 14 broad industries, 2 dozen sectors, and many more
detailed product types. This paper is a meta-analysis of the
approach that has been used in this research and the general
findings regarding the estimated distribution of performance
within and across industries. We find that there are few
sectors that are well represented by a simple “energy per
widget” benchmark that less energy-intensive sectors tend
to exhibit a wider range of within-industry efficiency than
energy-intensive sectors, but changes over time in the level
and range of energy efficiency do not reveal any single
pattern.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12053-016-9450-y},
Key = {fds328289}
}
@article{fds302606,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Curtis, EM},
Title = {Evidence of an "Energy-Management Gap" in U.S.
manufacturing: Spillovers from firm management practices to
energy efficiency},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {463-479},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2014.09.004},
Abstract = {In this paper we merge a well-cited survey of firm
management practices into confidential plant level U.S.
Census manufacturing data to examine whether generic, i.e.
non-energy specific, firm management practices, "spillover"
to enhance energy efficiency in the United States. For U.S.
manufacturing plants we find this relationship to be more
nuanced than prior research on UK plants. Most management
techniques are shown to have beneficial spillovers to energy
efficiency, but an emphasis on generic targets, conditional
on other management practices, results in spillovers that
increase energy intensity. Our specification controls for
industry specific effects at a detailed 6-digit NAICS level
and finds the relationship between management and energy use
to be strongest for firms in energy intensive industries. We
interpret the empirical result that generic management
practices do not necessarily spillover to improved energy
performance as evidence of an energy management
gap.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2014.09.004},
Key = {fds302606}
}
@article{fds223664,
Author = {G.A. Boyd and Mark Curtis},
Title = {Evidence of an “Energy-Management Gap” in U.S.
Manufacturing: Spillovers from Firm Management Practices to
Energy Efficiency},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Environmental Management},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {In this paper we merge a well-cited survey of firm
management practices into confidential plant level U.S.
Census manufacturing data to examine whether generic, i.e.
non-energy specific, firm management practices,
”spillover” to enhance energy efficiency in the United
States. For U.S. manufacturing plants we find this
relationship to be more nuanced than prior research on UK
plants. Most management techniques are shown to have
beneficial spillovers to energy efficiency, but an emphasis
on generic targets, conditional on other management
practices, results in spillovers that increase energy
intensity. Our specification controls for industry specific
effects at a detailed 6-digit NAICS level and finds the
relationship between management and energy use to be
strongest for firms in energy intensive industries. We
interpret the empirical result that generic management
practices do not necessarily spillover to improved energy
performance as evidence of an “energy management
gap.”},
Key = {fds223664}
}
@article{fds302609,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Estimating the changes in the distribution of energy
efficiency in the U.S. automobile assembly
industry},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {81-87},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.11.008},
Abstract = {This paper describes the EPA's voluntary ENERGY STAR program
and the results of the automobile manufacturing industry's
efforts to advance energy management as measured by the
updated ENERGY STAR Energy Performance Indicator (EPI). A
stochastic single-factor input frontier estimation using the
gamma error distribution is applied to separately estimate
the distribution of the electricity and fossil fuel
efficiency of assembly plants using data from 2003 to 2005
and then compared to model results from a prior analysis
conducted for the 1997-2000 time period. This comparison
provides an assessment of how the industry has changed over
time. The frontier analysis shows a modest improvement
(reduction) in "best practice" for electricity use and a
larger one for fossil fuels. This is accompanied by a large
reduction in the variance of fossil fuel efficiency
distribution. The results provide evidence of a shift in the
frontier, in addition to some "catching up" of poor
performing plants over time. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2013.11.008},
Key = {fds302609}
}
@article{fds302608,
Author = {Boyd, G and Guo, Y},
Title = {Energy performance indicator for integrated
mills},
Journal = {Paper360},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {26-29},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1933-3684},
Abstract = {The US Environmental Protection Agency's Energy Star program
and researchers at Duke University have worked with
companies in the pulp, paper, and paperboard industry to
develop the Energy Performance Indicator (EPI), a
statistical model that lets integrated mills in the US
compute their mill energy efficiency based on net demand for
Total Source Energy per ton of product produced. Biomass
generated at the plant is also not included in the net
purchased energy accounting. The alternative is to account
for the net energy consumption which presents several data
challenges, so the system boundaries for the EPI are based
on net energy demand. The statistical analysis finds that,
while energy is needed for debarking and chipping, this
process is also a net energy creator. By accounting for the
type of woods used as an input to production, the EPI adjust
for the availability of hog fuel when round wood is used by
the plant versus the need to purchase more energy when chips
are used.},
Key = {fds302608}
}
@article{fds223665,
Author = {G.A. Boyd and Walt Tunnessen},
Title = {Plant Energy Benchmarking: A Ten Year Retrospective of the
ENERGY STAR Energy Performance Indicators
(ES-EPI)},
Journal = {Proc. ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds223665}
}
@article{fds302607,
Author = {Boyd, G and Zhang, G},
Title = {Measuring improvement in energy efficiency of the US cement
industry with the ENERGY STAR Energy Performance
Indicator},
Journal = {Energy Efficiency},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105-116},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1570-646X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-012-9160-z},
Abstract = {The lack of a system for benchmarking industrial plant
energy efficiency represents a major obstacle to improving
efficiency. While estimates are sometimes available for
specific technologies, the efficiency of one plant versus
another could only be captured by benchmarking the energy
efficiency of the whole plant and not by looking at its
components. This paper presents an approach used by ENERGY
STAR to implement manufacturing plant energy benchmarking
for the cement industry. Using plant-level data and
statistical analysis, we control for factors that influence
energy use that are not efficiency, per se. What remains is
an estimate of the distribution of energy use that is not
accounted for by these factors, i. e., intra-plant energy
efficiency. By comparing two separate analyses conducted at
different points in time, we can see how this distribution
has changed. While aggregate data can be used to estimate an
average rate of improvement in terms of total industry
energy use and production, such an estimate would be
misleading as it may give the impression that all plants
have made the same improvements. The picture that emerges
from our plant-level statistical analysis is more subtle;
the most energy-intensive plants have closed or been
completely replaced and poor performing plants have made
efficiency gains, reducing the gap between themselves and
the top performers, whom have changed only slightly. Our
estimate is a 13 % change in total source energy, equivalent
to an annual reduction of 5. 4 billion/kg of energy-related
carbon dioxide emissions. © 2012 Springer Science+Business
Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12053-012-9160-z},
Key = {fds302607}
}
@article{fds214893,
Author = {Gale Boyd and Charles McClure},
Title = {Waste, Water, and VOC Benchmarking in North American
Automotive Manufacturing},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds214893}
}
@article{fds214612,
Author = {Schneck, Joshua and Gale Boyd},
Title = {Distribution of Emissions Permits to the U.S. Pulp and Paper
Sector under Alternative Output-Based Allocation
Schemes},
Journal = {Jornal of Environmental Management},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/climate/policydesign/distribution-of-emissions-permits-to-the-u.s.-pulp-and-paper-sector},
Abstract = {Under a cap-and-trade climate policy, emissions
allowances—tradable rights to emit a fixed amount of
greenhouse gases—become scarce and valuable resources that
change the economic incentives to implement more
energy-efficient processes and energy management practices,
and to select fuels with lower carbon content. A key
question accompanying the design of any such policy is how
to allocate these allowances. This paper examines how key
design elements and industry characteristics affect the
distribution of allowances to U.S. pulp and paper firms
under three variations of a proposed output-based allocation
program—the American Power Act’s emissions allowance
rebate program},
Key = {fds214612}
}
@article{fds302604,
Author = {Dutrow, E and Tunnessen, W and Boyd, G},
Title = {Measuring and encouraging energy efficiency},
Journal = {Glass International},
Volume = {35},
Number = {9},
Pages = {15-16},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0143-7836},
Abstract = {The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has launched
Energy Star program which develops tools to benchmark the
energy performance of flat and container glass plants in the
USA. Energy Star provides a tool called the Energy Star
Energy Performance indicator (EPI) for flat and container
producers to compare the energy performance of their plants
against the performance of similar plants in the USA. During
testing, companies are encouraged to input actual plant data
into the draft EPI and compare results with expected energy
performance for the plants. Feedback from such testing
refines the EPI and builds an understanding of the Energy
Star energy performance score provided by the model. EPIs
are designed to account for major, measurable impacts that
affect a plant's energy use and are benchmarking tools that
analyze the entire plant. Today, nearly 750 industrial
corporations, from glass manufacturers to printers are
partners with EPA's Energy Star program.},
Key = {fds302604}
}
@article{fds302605,
Author = {Boyd, G},
Title = {A statistical approach to plant-level energy benchmarks and
baselines: A manufacturing-plant energy performance
indicator},
Journal = {Society of Petroleum Engineers - Carbon Management
Technology Conference 2012},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {150-163},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency is a metric of relative performance, to
either a benchmark or plant specific baseline. As such,
these metrics are an integral component of energy and carbon
management practices. This paper presents an approach used
by Energy Star to implement manufacturing plant energy
benchmarking, or Energy Performance Indicators (EPI), for a
variety of industries. To date, EPI have been developed for
industries ranging from "light" manufacturing such as auto
assembly and food processing to "heavy", energy intensive
sectors like cement, glass, and paper. Since "all plants are
different," the EPI control statistically for differences
between plants including product mix, climate, utilization,
and vertical integration. After adjusting for differences
between plants the EPI statistically "scores" plants from 1
to 100 in terms of their percentile ranking. When
characteristics change within a plant over time, these EPI
can also be used to construct adjusted energy baselines.
This paper describes the approach used for developing the
EPI. It compares the results for 10 industries, in terms of
the types of variables that are included and the range of
performance, measured by the inter-quartile range. The paper
gives an example from pharmaceuticals of how the EPI can be
applied to create adjusted baselines, in this case
normalizing for year to year differences in weather. The
paper provides examples of how the distribution of
performance has changed over time for auto assembly and
cement manufacturing. The range of performance for both
sectors has narrowed, contributing to an industry wide
reduction in energy and carbon. Since Energy Star for
Industry was launched, the number of EPI in use or under
development has grown to 19 sectors within 11 industries.
Until now, no industry-wide, plant-level, energy benchmark
previously existed for these industries. We find that every
industry has plant specific factors that influence energy
consumption, so that a measure of energy efficiency must
account (normalize) for those differences to be a useful
management tool. Copyright 2012, Carbon Management
Technology Conference.},
Key = {fds302605}
}
@article{fds214473,
Author = {Boyd, G. and G. Zhang},
Title = {Measuring improvement in energy efficiency of the US cement
industry with the ENERGY STAR Energy Performance
Indicator},
Journal = {Energy Efficiency},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
url = {http://http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12053-012-9160-z#},
Abstract = {The lack of a system for benchmarking industrial plant
energy efficiency represents a major obstacle to improving
efficiency. While estimates are sometimes available for
specific technologies, the efficiency of one plant versus
another could only be captured by benchmarking the energy
efficiency of the whole plant and not by looking at its
components. This paper presents an approach used by ENERGY
STAR to implement manufacturing plant energy benchmarking
for the cement industry. Using plant-level data and
statistical analysis, we control for factors that influence
energy use that are not efficiency, per se. What remains is
an estimate of the distribution of energy use that is not
accounted for by these factors, i.e., intra-plant energy
efficiency. By comparing two separate analyses conducted at
different points in time, we can see how this distribution
has changed. While aggregate data can be used to estimate an
average rate of improvement in terms of total industry
energy use and production, such an estimate would be
misleading as it may give the impression that all plants
have made the same improvements. The picture that emerges
from our plant-level statistical analysis is more subtle;
the most energy-intensive plants have closed or been
completely replaced and poor performing plants have made
efficiency gains, reducing the gap between themselves and
the top performers, whom have changed only slightly. Our
estimate is a 13 % change in total source energy, equivalent
to an annual reduction of 5.4 billion/kg of energy-related
carbon dioxide emissions.},
Key = {fds214473}
}
@article{fds214888,
Author = {G.A. Boyd},
Title = {A Statistical Approach to Plant-Level Energy Benchmarks and
Baselines: The Energy Star Manufacturing-Plant Energy
Performance Indicator},
Volume = {1},
Number = {150574},
Pages = {1-14},
Booktitle = {Proc: Carbon Management Technology Conference},
Address = {Orlando, Florida, USA},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency is a metric of relative performance, to
either a benchmark or plant specific baseline. As such,
these metrics are an integral component of energy and carbon
management practices. This paper presents an approach used
by Energy Star to implement manufacturing plant energy
benchmarking, or Energy Performance Indicators (EPI), for a
variety of industries. To date, EPI have been developed for
industries ranging from “light” manufacturing such as
auto assembly and food processing to “heavy”, energy
intensive sectors like cement, glass, and paper. Since
“all plants are different,” the EPI control
statistically for differences between plants including
product mix, climate, utilization, and vertical integration.
After adjusting for differences between plants the EPI
statistically “scores” plants from 1 to 100 in terms of
their percentile ranking. When characteristics change within
a plant over time, these EPI can also be used to construct
adjusted energy baselines. This paper describes the approach
used for developing the EPI. It compares the results for 10
industries, in terms of the types of variables that are
included and the range of performance, measured by the
inter-quartile range. The paper gives an example from
pharmaceuticals of how the EPI can be applied to create
adjusted baselines, in this case normalizing for year to
year differences in weather. The paper provides examples of
how the distribution of performance has changed over time
for auto assembly and cement manufacturing. The range of
performance for both sectors has narrowed, contributing to
an industry wide reduction in energy and carbon. Since
Energy Star for Industry was launched, the number of EPI in
use or under development has grown to 19 sectors within 11
industries. Until now, no industry-wide, plant-level, energy
benchmark previously existed for these industries. We find
that every industry has plant specific factors that
influence energy consumption, so that a measure of energy
efficiency must account (normalize) for those differences to
be a useful management tool.},
Key = {fds214888}
}
@misc{fds328290,
Author = {Boyd, G},
Title = {A statistical approach to plant-level energy benchmarks and
baselines: A manufacturing-plant energy performance
indicator},
Journal = {Carbon Management Technology Conference 2012},
Pages = {799-806},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781510815940},
Key = {fds328290}
}
@article{fds201220,
Author = {Gale A. Boyd and Gang Zhang},
Title = {Measuring Improvement in the Energy Performance of the U.S.
Cement Industry},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
url = {http://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/environmentaleconomics/measuring-improvement-cement-industry/?searchterm=None},
Abstract = {Recognizing the potential of energy efficiency to reduce CO2
emissions, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched
ENERGY STAR for Industry to educate manufacturers on steps
to improve their energy efficiency. Energy management
strategy is a key component of the ENERGY STAR approach.
This paper focuses primarily on development of an updated
ENERGY STAR industrial Energy Performance Indicator (EPI)
for the Cement industry and the change in the energy
performance of the industry observed when the benchmarking
system was updated from the original benchmark year of 1997
to the new benchmark of 2008.},
Key = {fds201220}
}
@article{fds188231,
Author = {Gale Boyd and Tatyana Kuzmenko and Béla Személy and Gang
Zhang},
Title = {Preliminary Analysis Of The Distributions Of Carbon And
Energy Intensity For 27 Energy Intensive Trade Exposed
Industrial Sectors},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
url = {http://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/environmentaleconomics/carbon-and-energy-intensity/at_download/paper},
Abstract = {It is well documented that different manufacturing sectors
require different amounts of energy. Primary materials
conversion, e.g., iron ore and scrap into steel, limestone
and sand into cement and glass, or wood and other fibers
into paper, tend to be the most energy-intensive in the
production process, while final consumer products like
electronics and clothing require the least energy. This
leads to something like the 80-20 rule, where a large
portion of energy use is in a small number of industries.
For example, the 2006 Manufacturing Energy Consumption
Survey (MECS) reported that 75 percent of fuel use arises
from only five of the 21 three-digit industries, using the
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). These
five sectors are a small share of the total U.S. economy.
The energy intensity for different industrial sectors is
easily measured using published government statistics, but
the plants within these industries are not homogeneous
entities. This report measures the differences in energy use
and associated CO2 emissions as a first step to
understanding the within-sector heterogeneity of energy
use.},
Key = {fds188231}
}
@article{fds302603,
Author = {Dutrow, E and Boyd, G and Worrell, E and Dodendorf,
L},
Title = {Shifting energy performance in U.S. cement
production},
Journal = {IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference
(Paper)},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0731-4906},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CITCON.2010.5469767},
Abstract = {In the mid-1990's, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) approached U.S. cement producers to work together to
improve the energy efficiency of U.S. cement plants.
Initially, EPA and the producers developed basic tools for
identifying potential energy reductions and for estimating
cement plant greenhouse gas emissions. Then, through EPA's
ENERGY STAR® Partnership, the need for corporate energy
management was emphasized along with careful measurement and
tracking of energy and benchmarking of plant energy
performance among the industry nationwide. This paper
describes the engagement strategy EPA employed, the tools
that were produced to aid cement producers to improve, and
the results accomplished through this partnership. ©2010
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/CITCON.2010.5469767},
Key = {fds302603}
}
@article{fds188229,
Author = {G.A. Boyd},
Title = {Assessing Improvement in the Energy Efficiency of U.S. Auto
Assembly Plants},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds188229}
}
@article{fds298403,
Author = {Dutrow, E and Boyd, G and Worrell, E and Dodendorf,
L},
Title = {Engaging the U.S. Cement Industry to Improve Energy
Performance},
Journal = {Cement World},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds298403}
}
@article{fds298404,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Benchmarking Weather Sensitive Plant Level Manufacturing
Energy Use},
Journal = {Int. J. Global Energy Issues},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1/2},
Pages = {4-18},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0954-7118},
Abstract = {Energy intensity of manufacturing varies due to the products
produced and the efficiency of production. For some sectors
a portion of the energy demand is weather sensitive. This
paper applies stochastic frontier regression to auto
assembly and pharmaceuticals. The effects of production,
utilisation and weather on energy are estimated. The
differences in efficiency are captured by a one-sided error
term in the frontier model. Confidential plant level data
provided by companies that voluntarily participated in this
study are used. US EPA Energy Star programme uses the models
to provide recognitionof superior energy performance for
plants in these industries. © 2009 Inderscience
Enterprises Ltd.},
Key = {fds298404}
}
@article{fds304887,
Author = {Boyd, G},
Title = {Benchmarking weather sensitive plant level manufacturing
energy use},
Journal = {International Journal of Global Energy Issues},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {4-18},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-7118},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgei.2009.027970},
Abstract = {Energy intensity of manufacturing varies due to the products
produced and the efficiency of production. For some sectors
a portion of the energy demand is weather sensitive. This
paper applies stochastic frontier regression to auto
assembly and pharmaceuticals. The effects of production,
utilisation and weather on energy are estimated. The
differences in efficiency are captured by a one-sided error
term in the frontier model. Confidential plant level data
provided by companies that voluntarily participated in this
study are used. US EPA Energy Star programme uses the models
to provide recognitionof superior energy performance for
plants in these industries. © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1504/ijgei.2009.027970},
Key = {fds304887}
}
@article{fds150703,
Author = {G.A. Boyd},
Title = {Emergence and Survival of New Businesses},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds150703}
}
@article{fds304886,
Author = {Boyd, G and Dutrow, E and Tunnessen, W},
Title = {The evolution of the ENERGY STAR® energy
performance indicator for benchmarking industrial plant
manufacturing energy use},
Journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
Volume = {16},
Number = {6},
Pages = {709-715},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0959-6526},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.02.024},
Abstract = {ENERGY STAR® is a voluntary government/industry partnership
that offers information to businesses and consumers on
energy-efficient solutions, making it easier to save money
and protect the environment for future generations.
Introduced in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA), this voluntary labeling program was designed to
identify and promote energy-efficient products as basic
pollution prevention opportunities. The ENERGY STAR label
can now be found on appliances, office equipment, lighting,
buildings, and more. In 2002, ENERGY STAR was extended
beyond its role in identifying energy efficient products to
identifying energy-efficient production. The ENERGY STAR
industry program focuses on encouraging and enabling
sustainable corporate energy management. One of the three
information tools EPA developed under ENERGY STAR, which
also includes energy management networking and industry
specific energy guides, is the energy performance indicator
(EPI). The EPI is a statistical benchmarking tool that
provides a "birds-eye" view of sector-specific plant-level
energy use via a functional relationship between the level
of energy use and the level and type of various production
activities, material input's quality, and external factors,
e.g. climate and material quality. The EPI uses stochastic
frontier regression to estimate the lowest observed plant
energy use, given these factors. This statistical model also
provides a distribution of energy efficiency across the
industry, which allows the user to answer the hypothetical
but very practical question, "How would my plant compare to
everyone else in my industry, if all other plants were
similar to mine?" The result is a tool that can be used by
corporate and plant energy managers to estimate the energy
efficiency of their portfolio of plants. This paper
describes the role of the EPI within the context of the
overall goals of ENERGY STAR and gives examples of how this
information tool was developed and is being used. © 2007
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.02.024},
Key = {fds304886}
}
@article{fds298405,
Author = {Boyd, G and Dutrow, E and Tunnesen, W},
Title = {The Evolution of the Energy Star Industrial Energy
Performance Indicator for Benchmarking Plant Level
Manufacturing Energy Use},
Journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production, Invited paper for the special
issue Pollution Prevention and Cleaner Production in the
United States of America},
Volume = {16},
Number = {6},
Pages = {709-715},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0959-6526},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.02.024},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.02.024},
Key = {fds298405}
}
@article{fds302602,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Estimating plant level energy efficiency with a stochastic
frontier},
Journal = {Energy Journal},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {23-43},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol29-No2-2},
Abstract = {A common distinguishing feature of engineering models is
that they explicitly represent best practice technologies,
while parametric/ statistical models represent average
practice. It is more useful to energy management or goal
setting to have a measure of energy performance capable of
answering the question, "How close is observed performance
from the industry best practice?" This paper presents a
parametric/statistical approach to measure best practice.
The results show how well a plant performs relative to the
industry. A stochastic frontier regression analysis is used
to model plant level energy use, separating energy into
systematic effects, inefficiency, and random error. One
advantage is that physical product mix can be included,
avoiding the problem of aggregating output to define a
single energy/ output ratio to measure energy intensity. The
paper outlines the methods and gives an example of the
analysis conducted for a non-public micro-dataset of wet
corn milling plants. Copyright © 2008 by the IAEE. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol29-No2-2},
Key = {fds302602}
}
@article{fds298406,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Estimating Plant Level Manufacturing Energy Efficiency with
Stochastic Frontier Regression},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {23-44},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2029 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds298406}
}
@article{fds302601,
Author = {Tunnessen, W and Boyd, GA and Weed, G},
Title = {ENERGY STAR industrial focus for pulp and paper mills PPIC
2007 panel},
Journal = {IEEE Conference Record of Annual Pulp and Paper Industry
Technical Conference},
Pages = {209-219},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0190-2172},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PAPCON.2007.4286301},
Abstract = {This panel will discuss the US Environmental Protection
Agency's ENERGY STAR program current initiative with Pulp
and Paper Companies. The presentation will provide
background on how ENERGY STAR works with industrial sectors,
development of a plant-level energy performance benchmarking
tool, and creation of an energy guide that captures current
best practices and energy efficient technology applications.
© 2007 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/PAPCON.2007.4286301},
Key = {fds302601}
}
@article{fds150681,
Author = {Gale Boyd and coeditor and Lorna Greening and Joe
Roop},
Title = {Modeling Industrial Energy Consumption},
Journal = {Special Issue of Energy Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds150681}
}
@article{fds302600,
Author = {Greening, LA and Boyd, G and Roop, JM},
Title = {Modeling of industrial energy consumption: An introduction
and context},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {599-608},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2007.02.011},
Abstract = {Industrial energy accounts for roughly one third of total
global energy consumption, and is expected to continue to
use a similar share in the foreseeable future. However, this
is one of the hardest end-uses to analyze, model and
forecast. The reasons for modeling industrial energy
consumption are as varied as the ways in which energy is
used in production processes. This has led to the
application of a broad set of emperical tools from several
different disciplines. In this article, we provide an
introduction and context for a compendium or survey of the
methods used in this area. This special issue of Energy
Economics is designed to provide both newcomers and
accomplished researchers with an overview of the current
state of development in the are of industrial energy
modeling. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2007.02.011},
Key = {fds302600}
}
@article{fds302599,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Motivating auto manufacturing energy efficiency through
performance-based indicators},
Journal = {SAE Technical Papers},
Publisher = {SAE International},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0595},
Abstract = {Organizations that implement strategic energy management
programs undertake a set of activities that, if carried out
properly, have the potential to deliver sustained energy
savings. One key management opportunity is determining an
appropriate level of energy performance for a plant through
comparison with similar plants in its industry.
Performance-based indicators are one way to enable companies
to set energy efficiency targets for manufacturing
facilities. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
through its ENERGY STAR® program, is developing plant
energy performance indicators (EPI) to encourage a variety
of U.S. industries to use energy more efficiently. This
paper reports on work with the automobile manufacturing
industry to provide a plant-level indicator of energy
efficiency. Consideration is given to the role that
performance-based indicators play in motivating change, the
steps necessary for indicator development, from interacting
with an industry to securing adequate data for the
indicator, and actual application and use of an indicator
when complete. This paper discusses the EPI developed for
automobile assembly, but also discusses how this approach in
being extended to other manufacturing sectors and how it may
be applied to other segments of the auto
industry.},
Doi = {10.4271/2006-01-0595},
Key = {fds302599}
}
@article{fds302595,
Author = {Dutrow, E and Boyd, GA},
Title = {Motivating industrial energy efficiency through
performance-based indicators},
Journal = {Proceedings ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Pages = {1-46-1-55},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Organizations that implement strategic energy management
programs undertake a set of activities that, if carried out
properly, have the potential to deliver sustained energy
savings. One key management opportunity is determining an
appropriate level of energy performance for a plant through
comparison with similar plants in its industry.
Performance-based indicators are one way to enable companies
to set energy efficiency targets for manufacturing
facilities. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
through its ENERGY STAR® program, is developing plant
energy performance indicators to encourage a variety of U.S.
industries to use energy more efficiently. This paper
reports on work with the automobile manufacturing industry
to provide a plant-level indicator of energy efficiency.
Consideration is given to the role that performance-based
indicators play in motivating change, the steps necessary
for indicator development, from interacting with an industry
to securing adequate data for the indicator, and actual
application and use of an indicator when complete. How
indicators are employed in EPA's efforts to encourage
industries to voluntarily improve their use of energy is
discussed as well. © 2005 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy
Efficiency in Industry.},
Key = {fds302595}
}
@article{fds302597,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Measuring plant level energy efficiency when production
activities are not homogeneous: The ENERGY STAR energy
performance indicator},
Journal = {Proceedings ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Pages = {6-24-6-35},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency is the comparison of actual energy used to
the lowest amount of energy required to perform some level
of service or produce some amount of product. Energy
intensity, also called specific energy consumption (SEC), is
the simple normalization of energy use to a measure of
service or production. This energy intensity can then be
compared to the "best practice." This simple description
belies the complexities that lie in industrial activity.
When there is no single measure of activity for the
denominator, the energy intensity may not be well defined.
There is a substantial literature that examines what the
"best measure" of production to use for various sectors;
physical volumes, market value, value-added, etc. Creating
aggregate measures of activity, e.g. total dollars, is often
an inadequate approach. When sectors are aggregated, the
changing mix of production in various sectors influences the
aggregate energy intensity index. The difference between the
observed and "best practice" is the level of (in)efficiency.
The estimate of "best practice" can be an optimum
configuration derived from engineering, possibly a notion of
the theoretical minimum, or comparison to a real world
application with the lowest observed energy intensity, i.e.
"best observed practice." Since production/activity mix can
be quite varied, it may be difficult to find a real world
application that is sufficiently similar to the observed
plant to conduct the needed comparison. This reflects an
oft-expressed view that "every plant is unique." A
statistical model which provides a functional relationship
between the level of energy use and the level and type of
various production activities, material inputs quality, and
external factors, e.g. climate, is one solution to these
problems. The stochastic frontier regression estimates the
lowest observed plant energy use, given these factors. This
statistical model also provides a distribution of
(in)efficiency across the industry, which allows the user to
answer the hypothetical but very practical question, "How
would my plant compare to everyone else in my industry, if
all other plants were similar to mine?" The result is a tool
that can be used by corporate and plant energy managers to
estimate the energy efficiency of their portfolio of plants.
This paper presents recent empirical results prepared for
ENERGY STAR for corn refining. This sector typifies the
issue of product mix impact on plant energy use. Accounting
for these factors allows construction of a normalized
distribution of energy efficiency for the entire sector and
a percentile performance score, for any individual plant.
The results of the analysis can be used by energy managers
in these various sectors to assess plant energy performance,
set targets, and track progress. © 2005 ACEEE Summer Study
on Energy Efficiency in Industry.},
Key = {fds302597}
}
@article{fds302596,
Author = {Conzelmann, G and Boyd, G and Koritarov, V and Veselka,
T},
Title = {Multi-agent power market simulation using
EMCAS},
Journal = {2005 IEEE Power Engineering Society General
Meeting},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {2829-2834},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Countries around the world continue to restructure their
electricity markets and open them up to competition and
private investors in pursuit of economic efficiency and new
capital investment. However, the recent volatility exhibited
by many restructured power markets, in combination with
several prominent market failures, have highlighted the need
for a better understanding of the complex interactions
between the various market participants and the emerging
overall market behavior. Advanced modeling approaches are
needed that simulate the behavior of electricity markets
over time and model how market participants may act and
react to changes in the underlying economic, financial, and
regulatory environments. This is particularly useful for
developing sound market rules that will allow these markets
to function properly. A new and promising approach is to
model electricity markets as complex adaptive systems using
an agent-based modeling and simulation approach, such as is
implemented in the Electricity Market Complex Adaptive
System (EMCAS) software. EMCAS provides an agent-based
framework to capture and investigate the complex
interactions between the physical infrastructures and the
economic behavior of market participants that are a
trademark of the newly emerging markets. This paper
describes the EMCAS agents, their interactions, the unique
insights obtained from agent-based models, and discusses
current model applications in several U.S., Asian, and
European markets. © 2005 IEEE.},
Key = {fds302596}
}
@article{fds302598,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {A method for measuring the efficiency gap between average
and best practice energy use: The ENERGY STAR industrial
energy performance indicator},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Ecology},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {51-65},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1088-1980},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1088198054821609},
Abstract = {A common feature distinguishing between parametric/statistical
models and engineering economics models is that engineering
models explicitly represent best practice technologies,
whereas parametric/statistical models are typically based on
average practice. Measures of energy intensity based on
average practice are of little use in corporate management
of energy use or for public policy goal setting. In the
context of company- or plant-level indicators, it is more
useful to have a measure of energy intensity that is capable
of indicating where a company or plant lies within a
distribution of performance. In other words, is the
performance close to (or far from) the industry best
practice? This article presents a parametric/statistical
approach that can be used to measure best practice, thereby
providing a measure of the difference, or "efficiency gap,"
at a plant, company, or overall industry level. The approach
requires plant-level data and applies a stochastic frontier
regression analysis used by the ENERGY STAR™ industrial
energy performance indicator (EPI) to energy intensity.
Stochastic frontier regression analysis separates energy
intensity into three components: systematic effects,
inefficiency, and statistical (random) error. The article
outlines the method and gives examples of EPI analysis
conducted for two industries, breweries and motor vehicle
assembly. In the EPI developed with the stochastic frontier
regression for the auto industry, the industry median
"efficiency gap" was around 27%. © 2005 by the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Yale
University.},
Doi = {10.1162/1088198054821609},
Key = {fds302598}
}
@article{fds51050,
Author = {G.A. Boyd},
Title = {A Statistical Model for Measuring the Efficiency Gap between
Average and Best Practice Energy Use: The ENERGY STAR™
Industrial Energy Performance Indicator},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Ecology},
Volume = {3},
Booktitle = {9},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds51050}
}
@article{fds51067,
Author = {Boyd, G.A. and J.M. Roop},
Title = {A Note on the Fisher Ideal Index Decomposition for
Structural Change in Energy Intensity},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-101},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds51067}
}
@article{fds298417,
Author = {Worrell, E and Ramesohl, S and Boyd, G},
Title = {Advances in Energy Forecasting Models based on
Engineering-Economics},
Journal = {Annual Review of Energy and Resources},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {345-382},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062403.102042},
Abstract = {New energy efficiency policies have been introduced around
the world. Historically, most energy models were reasonably
equipped to assess the impact of classical policies, such as
a subsidy or change in taxation. However, these tools are
often insufficient to assess the impact of alternative
policy instruments. We evaluate the so-called engineering
economic models used to assess future industrial energy use.
Engineering economic models include the level of detail
commonly needed to model the new types of policies
considered. We explore approaches to improve the realism and
policy relevance of engineering economic modeling
frameworks. We also explore solutions to strengthen the
policy usefulness of engineering economic analysis that can
be built from a framework of multidisciplinary cooperation.
The review discusses the main modeling approaches currently
used and evaluates the weaknesses in current models. We
focus on the needs to further improve the models. We
identify research priorities for the modeling framework,
technology representation in models, policy evaluation, and
modeling of decision-making behavior.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062403.102042},
Key = {fds298417}
}
@article{fds298418,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Roop, JM},
Title = {A Note on the Fisher Ideal Index Decomposition for
Structural Change in Energy Intensity},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-101},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol25-No1-5},
Abstract = {Index numbers have been used to decompose aggregate trends
in energy intensity, i.e., the ratio of energy use to
activity. By making a direct appeal to the theory underlying
price index numbers used by the energy decomposition
literature, this note proposes the chain weighted Fisher
Ideal Index as a formula that solves the 'residual problem.'
The connection to index number theory also allows us to
illustrate that the measures of activity used to define
energy intensity need not be additive across the sectors
that are involved in the decomposition. We give an empirical
example using recent U.S. manufacturing data of the Fisher
Ideal Index, compared to the Törnqvist Divisia index, a
popular index in the energy literature.},
Doi = {10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol25-No1-5},
Key = {fds298418}
}
@article{fds298415,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Molburg, JC and Cavallo, JD},
Title = {Estimates of Learning by Doing in Gas Turbine Electric Power
Systems},
Journal = {Energy Studies Review},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {85-99},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds298415}
}
@article{fds298416,
Author = {Boyd, G and Tolley, G and Pang, J},
Title = {Plant Level Productivity, Efficiency, and Environmental
Performance: An Example from the Glass Industry},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-43},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020236517937},
Abstract = {This paper presents a methodology and empirical results
based on the Malmquist productivity index. We measure
productivity while treating pollution as an undesirable
output. Our estimates show that technical change has
contributed to productivity and environmental performance
growth in the container glass industry, an energy and
pollution intensive sector. Changes in interplant efficiency
over time have made this productivity growth more rapid than
otherwise would have occurred with the underlying technical
change. The efficiency estimates show that there are both
opportunities to improve productivity and reduce pollution
in this industry, as well as productivity losses associated
with the emissions control. The shadow prices for NOx, the
undesirable output we analyze, is quite high compared to
other regulated sectors.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1020236517937},
Key = {fds298416}
}
@article{fds302594,
Author = {Boyd, G},
Title = {A probit model of energy efficiency technology decision
making},
Journal = {Proceedings ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {521-533},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The diffusion of energy efficient technologies, or lack
thereof, has been the subject of numerous studies. The
Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) program conducts
assessments of plants in small and medium-sized companies
and makes energy efficiency recommendations that will result
in cost savings and high rates of return. This study uses a
detailed database from the IAC program to examine the firm's
decision to implement a recommendation. This study estimates
two probit models; one captures the probability that a
particular recommendation is made, and the other the
probability that a recommendation is implemented. The second
model, the decision to adopt, is the primary focus of the
analysis. The paper interprets the results from the economic
variables in terms of the speed of adoption (i.e., in the
context of standard diffusion models). Many measures of
technology performance have a statistically significant
influence on the adoption decision. Higher implementation
cost or energy prices reduce the chance of adoption for many
technologies, but not all. This effect is in addition to the
effect these variables have on payback, which also lowers
the chance of adoption as payback rises. In general, many
economic variables influencing the Cost and energy savings
of the technology have a statistically significant effect on
the decision to adopt, but the size of the effect is rather
small. For example, a longer payback period lowers the
probability of adoption by 2% per year. Other effects
suggest resource constraints or risk aversion. Higher
implementation costs lower the probability of adoption. For
every thousand-dollar increase in implementation costs, the
probability is lowered by 0.03%.},
Key = {fds302594}
}
@article{fds302593,
Author = {Dowd, J and Friedman, K and Boyd, GA},
Title = {How well do voluntary agreements and programs perform at
improving industrial energy efficiency?},
Journal = {Proceedings ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {125-139},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper examines evaluation studies of different
voluntary agreements and programs and discusses the
collective findings on observed performance outcomes.
Evidence is drawn from actual evaluations of individual
programs implemented in the U.S. and other OECD countries.
Performance of voluntary agreements and programs is assessed
in terms of the manner and extent to which they can, produce
short-run direct effects, as well as soft effects, dynamic
effects, wider economic and environmental effects, cost
effects, and benefits to policy learning. What is meant by
effective implementation of voluntary approaches depends on
how these different aspects of performance are accounted for
in the policy evaluation.},
Key = {fds302593}
}
@article{fds298414,
Author = {Sanstad, AH and DeCanio, SJ and Boyd, GA and Koomey,
J},
Title = {Estimating Bounds on the Economy-Wide Effects of the CEF
Policy Scenarios},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {29},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1299-1311},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(01)00074-X},
Abstract = {The Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future study relied
primarily on "bottom-up" technology-based methods to
estimate costs associated with its scenarios. These methods,
however, do not allow for calculation of economy-wide or
general equilibrium effects of the policies considered. We
propose and apply a means of combining the bottom-up
estimates with estimates of the costs associated with a
carbon charge obtained from computable general equilibrium
models. Our approach is based on the concept of production
inefficiency: the economy lies within its production
frontier with respect to the provision of energy services.
The CEF technology policies are interpreted as moving the
economy toward its frontier as well as moving the frontier
outward, while the carbon charge induces a substitution
effect along the frontier. This perspective allows a
synthesis of the two sets of calculations. © 2001 Published
by Elsevier Science Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0301-4215(01)00074-X},
Key = {fds298414}
}
@article{fds298413,
Author = {Boyd, G and Pang, J},
Title = {Estimating the Linkage between Energy Efficiency and
Productivity},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5},
Pages = {289-296},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(00)00016-1},
Abstract = {Many analyses have referred to industrial productivity
benefits associated with energy efficiency that are at least
as great or larger than the energy benefits. If plants with
higher energy intensity also tend to have lower
productivity, then energy policy needs to consider this.
This study examines this issue for two segments of the glass
industry, using plant level data from the Census Bureau.
Productivity is defined by the difference in 'best practice'
production efficiency, as measured by data envelopment
analysis (DEA). This study uses regression analysis to
estimate how differences in plant level electricity and
fossil fuel intensity, i.e. energy use per unit of
production, are attributable to differences in plant level
productivity and other economic variables, like energy
prices and cumulative production. In every case,
productivity differences between plants are statistically
significant in explaining differences in plant energy
intensity. The coefficient that links productivity to energy
efficiency yields a less than proportional impact for only
one industry and fuel type. For others the relationship is
implies that a 1% increase in productivity increase energy
efficiency by more than 1%. This effect is statistically
significant for flat glass, but not container glass. The
estimates of the price and learning-by-doing coefficients
seem reasonable, but without imposing the assumption that
all plants in the industry are equally productive. This
lends further credence to a significant relationship between
productivity and energy efficiency. (C) 2000 Elsevier
Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0301-4215(00)00016-1},
Key = {fds298413}
}
@article{fds298412,
Author = {Boyd, G and McClelland, J},
Title = {The Impact of Environmental Constraints on Productivity
Improvement and Energy Efficiency in Integrated Paper
Plants},
Journal = {The Journal of Economics and Environmental
M},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-146},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1999.1082},
Abstract = {This paper utilizes a flexible measure of productivity that
includes environmental performance. We characterize the loss
of potential productive output due to environmental
constraints, decomposing losses into those resulting from
the commitment of capital to pollution abatement and those
losses that arise from other sources. We also assess the
potential for improvements that increase productivity and
reduce pollution. Results from the paper industry show a
'win-win' potential for inputs and pollution to be
simultaneously reduced by 2% to 8%, without reducing
productivity. We also find that environmental constraints
reduce production by 9%, a quarter of which results from
pollution abatement capital constraints.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1999.1082},
Key = {fds298412}
}
@article{fds302590,
Author = {Woodruff, MG and Boyd, GA and Poop, JM},
Title = {Potential for industrial energy efficiency technology to
reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions},
Journal = {Proceedings ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in
Industry},
Pages = {361-372},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The industrial portion of a Department of Energy study that
assessed the potential for energy-efficient technologies to
reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in
the United States is described. The objectives of this
portion of the study were: to assess the contribution that
an effort to move efficient technology into the industrial
market could make to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by
2010; and to describe the role of research and development
in providing a stream of advanced technologies after 2010
that can continue to reduce industrial energy intensity and
greenhouse gas emissions. Examples of advanced technologies
that could contribute to saving energy and reducing
greenhouse gas emissions beyond 2010 are
presented.},
Key = {fds302590}
}
@article{fds302591,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Roop, JM and Woodruff, MG},
Title = {Potential for energy efficient technologies to reduce carbon
emissions in the United States: the industrial
sector},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Intersociety Energy Conversion
Engineering Conference},
Volume = {3-4},
Pages = {2126-2131},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper presents an assessment of the possible
contribution that an invigorated effort to move energy
efficient technology which is commercially available, or
near commercialization, into the market could make to
reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the U.S. industrial
sector by 2010. It presents preliminary results from the
industrial sector chapter of a larger study being undertaken
by the Dept. of Energy. We begin with some background
information on our approach to the assessment and how that
approach is shaped by the complexities of the U.S.
industrial sector and the limitations of the available
analytical tools for this sector. We then describe the
results of our model-based scenario analysis through the
year 2010. We summarize examples of the types of
technologies that, were they to could come into widespread
use in the U.S. industrial sector in the near term, would
achieve the model scenario results, acknowledging that
widespread adoption of these technologies would require the
appropriate policies (e.g., accelerated R&D, fiscal
incentives and market conditions).},
Key = {fds302591}
}
@article{fds302592,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Impacts of industrial decision making on productivity and
energy efficiency: examples from the integrated paper
sector},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Intersociety Energy Conversion
Engineering Conference},
Volume = {3-4},
Pages = {2132-2137},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Technology cost studies frequently find that 'cost
effective' energy efficiency investments are feasible in
many industry sectors. At the same time many firms 'fail' to
implement these investments. One empirical result of this
'failure' is an observed gap between average and 'best
practice' plants. The reasons behind this alleged 'failure'
are many; they include indirect costs of implementing the
investments, attitudes toward risk, and capital budgeting
practices like 'capital rationing'. This paper explores the
reasons for this failure from both a theoretical and
empirical perspective. In particular, empirical evidence of
the impact of 'capital rationing' and the observed gap
between average and 'best practice' plants are drawn from a
recent DOE study. This study examines the impact of mandated
environmental investments on the productivity of paper and
steel plants under capital availability constraints. The
study also estimates the typical productivity and energy
efficiency gap between average and 'best practice' plants
and how that gap has changed over a 18 year
period.},
Key = {fds302592}
}
@article{fds376493,
Author = {Boyd, G and Karlson, SH and Neifer, M and Ross, M},
Title = {ENERGY INTENSITY IMPROVEMENTS IN STEEL MINIMILLS},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {88-100},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1993.tb00394.x},
Abstract = {Over the past 20 years, U.S. steel manufacturing has
experienced an episode of creative destruction. Iron‐ore
based plants closed, and new electric arc furnace (EAF)
plants–the “minimills”–opened. The steel industry is
an energy intensive segment of manufacturing, and the
changeover causes major change in energy use. The analysis
here links a plant‐level database from the Bureau of the
Census with publicly available sources and obtains measures
of the best practice energy use in minimills. The analysis
examines how technical efficiency, vintage, and capacity
utilization affect plant‐level electricity use per ton of
steel. This measure of electricity use gives a plant's
“energy intensity.” Plants in the sample keep operating
even during deep recessions, suggesting that energy, e.g.,
BTU, taxes may fall short of the fullest potential for
reducing energy use. During recession, plants actually may
continue to operate at lower output rates and higher energy
intensities rather than close down. Substantial potential
exists for energy improvements of as much as 1 billion kWh
per year. New facilities exhibit energy intensity
improvement of 6.2 kWh/ton per year. This finding is
consistent with engineering estimates. Realizing this
potential among all plants would require policies that
assist capital turnover. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell.
All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1993.tb00394.x},
Key = {fds376493}
}
@article{fds298410,
Author = {Boyd, G and Karlson, S},
Title = {The Impact of Energy Prices on Technology Choice in the
United States Steel Industry},
Journal = {Energy Journal},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {47-56},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds298410}
}
@article{fds298411,
Author = {Boyd, G and Karlson, S and Neifer, M and Ross, M},
Title = {Energy Intensity Improvements in Steel Minimills},
Journal = {Contemporary Policy Issues},
Volume = {XI},
Number = {3},
Pages = {88-99},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1993.tb00394.x},
Abstract = {Over the past 20 years, U.S. steel manufacturing has
experienced an episode of creative destruction. Iron‐ore
based plants closed, and new electric arc furnace (EAF)
plants–the “minimills”–opened. The steel industry is
an energy intensive segment of manufacturing, and the
changeover causes major change in energy use. The analysis
here links a plant‐level database from the Bureau of the
Census with publicly available sources and obtains measures
of the best practice energy use in minimills. The analysis
examines how technical efficiency, vintage, and capacity
utilization affect plant‐level electricity use per ton of
steel. This measure of electricity use gives a plant's
“energy intensity.” Plants in the sample keep operating
even during deep recessions, suggesting that energy, e.g.,
BTU, taxes may fall short of the fullest potential for
reducing energy use. During recession, plants actually may
continue to operate at lower output rates and higher energy
intensities rather than close down. Substantial potential
exists for energy improvements of as much as 1 billion kWh
per year. New facilities exhibit energy intensity
improvement of 6.2 kWh/ton per year. This finding is
consistent with engineering estimates. Realizing this
potential among all plants would require policies that
assist capital turnover. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell.
All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1993.tb00394.x},
Key = {fds298411}
}
@article{fds302588,
Author = {Streets, DG and Bloyd, CN and Boyd, GA and Santini, DJ and Veselka,
TD},
Title = {Climate change and US energy policy},
Journal = {Energy},
Volume = {16},
Number = {11-12},
Pages = {1437-1466},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0360-5442},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(91)90013-C},
Abstract = {We present an analysis of the ability of the US to achieve
significant reductions in CO2 emissions in the future. The
emission-reduction objectives are 20% by the year 2000 and
50% by 2010, measured relative to 1985 levels. The economic
sectors studied are electricity supply, industrial
manufacturing, and transportation. The near-term reductions
are considered to be achievable but with significant
disruptions; the long-term goals are unlikely to be achieved
without new breakthroughs in technology. Electricity-supply
options, such as increased use of NG and more-efficient
technologies, cannot alone allow us to achieve the goals,
and end-use conservation will likely be the major
contributor. Policy intervention in the industrial sector
could achieve significant emission reductions, but concerns
about international competition are important. In the
transportation sector, analysis shows that fuel-economy
regulation is preferable to gasoline-price increases. ©
1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0360-5442(91)90013-C},
Key = {fds302588}
}
@article{fds302587,
Author = {Boyd, G and Fox, J and Hanson, D},
Title = {An integrated acid precipitation policy and energy market
model},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Intersociety Energy Conversion
Engineering Conference},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {450-455},
Year = {1990},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {A description is given of the implementation and development
of an integrated set of models through the example of the US
National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP)
Integrated Model Set (IMS). This model set has been
constructed to provide a consistent assessment of the
impacts of control policies for the precursors of acid
deposition. It is intended to replace sectoral studies with
a model system that will determine the effects of control
policies throughout the economy.},
Key = {fds302587}
}
@article{fds302589,
Author = {Boyd, G and Fox, J and Hanson, D},
Title = {3.4. Set of models},
Journal = {Energy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {345-362},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0360-5442},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(90)90095-J},
Abstract = {The use of disparate and detailed engineering and economic
models is often necessary for environmental policy analysis
and forecasting. However, to conduct consistent forecasting
and policy analysis over all economic sectors these
disparate models must be coordinated into a consistent model
set. One approach to such a modeling effort is illustrated
by the NAPAP Integrated Model Set, a collection of
engineering, emissions-forecasting and energy-market models
that is driven by and interacts with other energy-market and
economic models. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0360-5442(90)90095-J},
Key = {fds302589}
}
@article{fds298409,
Author = {Boyd, GA and Hanson, DA and Sterner, T},
Title = {Decomposition of Changes in Energy Intensity: A Comparison
of the Divisia Index and Other Methods},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {309-312},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-9883(88)90042-4},
Abstract = {The desirability of separating the effects of underlying
shifts in the composition of the economy from changes in
energy use patterns has been recognized by many researchers.
The similarity between this decomposition of aggregate
measures of energy intensity into its component parts and
decomposition of aggregate output (cost) data into price and
quantity indices is less well known. This paper makes some
comparisons between energy intensity decomposition and the
formulation of economic indices. We illustrate the useful
properties of one particular index, the Divisia index in
performing energy intensity decomposition. ©
1988.},
Doi = {10.1016/0140-9883(88)90042-4},
Key = {fds298409}
}
@article{fds298407,
Author = {Boyd, GA},
Title = {Factor Intensity and Site Geology as Determinants of Returns
to Scale in Coal Mining},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-23},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1987},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2125 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Increasing returns to scale (RTS) is frequently postulated
as affecting productivity in surface coal mining. However,
it is not clear whether increased capital intensity or
increased output is the relevant phenomenon. A
ray-homothetic production function that incorporates the
capital-labor mix and fixed site geology into the scale
elasticity is presented and estimated with a micro (mine
level) dataset. The results indicate that higher capital
intensity contributed to higher RTS for some types of
capital equipment, but not all. On the average increasing
RTS was found, with few mines approaching optimal
scale.-Author},
Doi = {10.2307/1937896},
Key = {fds298407}
}
@article{fds298408,
Author = {Boyd, G and McDonald, JF and Ross, M and Hanson, DA},
Title = {Separating the Changing Composition of U.S. Manufacturing
Production from Energy Efficiency Improvements: A Divisia
Index Approach},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {77-96},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds298408}
}
%% Bugni, Federico
@article{fds349168,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA},
Title = {Testing continuity of a density via g-order statistics in
the regression discontinuity design},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {221},
Number = {1},
Pages = {138-159},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.02.004},
Abstract = {In the regression discontinuity design (RDD), it is common
practice to assess the credibility of the design by testing
the continuity of the density of the running variable at the
cut-off, e.g., McCrary (2008). In this paper we propose an
approximate sign test for continuity of a density at a point
based on the so-called g-order statistics, and study its
properties under two complementary asymptotic frameworks. In
the first asymptotic framework, the number q of observations
local to the cut-off is fixed as the sample size n diverges
to infinity, while in the second framework q diverges to
infinity slowly as n diverges to infinity. Under both of
these frameworks, we show that the test we propose is
asymptotically valid in the sense that it has limiting
rejection probability under the null hypothesis not
exceeding the nominal level. More importantly, the test is
easy to implement, asymptotically valid under weaker
conditions than those used by competing methods, and
exhibits finite sample validity under stronger conditions
than those needed for its asymptotic validity. In a
simulation study, we find that the approximate sign test
provides good control of the rejection probability under the
null hypothesis while remaining competitive under the
alternative hypothesis. We finally apply our test to the
design in Lee (2008), a well-known application of the RDD to
study incumbency advantage.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.02.004},
Key = {fds349168}
}
@article{fds347333,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA and Shaikh, AM},
Title = {Inference under covariate-adaptive randomization with
multiple treatments},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1747-1785},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1150},
Abstract = {This paper studies inference in randomized controlled trials
with covariate-adaptive randomization when there are
multiple treatments. More specifically, we study in this
setting inference about the average effect of one or more
treatments relative to other treatments or a control. As in
Bugni, Canay, and Shaikh (2018), covariate-adaptive
randomization refers to randomization schemes that first
stratify according to baseline covariates and then assign
treatment status so as to achieve “balance” within each
stratum. Importantly, in contrast to Bugni, Canay, and
Shaikh (2018), we not only allow for multiple treatments,
but further allow for the proportion of units being assigned
to each of the treatments to vary across strata. We first
study the properties of estimators derived from a “fully
saturated” linear regression, that is, a linear regression
of the outcome on all interactions between indicators for
each of the treatments and indicators for each of the
strata. We show that tests based on these estimators using
the usual heteroskedasticity-consistent estimator of the
asymptotic variance are invalid in the sense that they may
have limiting rejection probability under the null
hypothesis strictly greater than the nominal level; on the
other hand, tests based on these estimators and suitable
estimators of the asymptotic variance that we provide are
exact in the sense that they have limiting rejection
probability under the null hypothesis equal to the nominal
level. For the special case in which the target proportion
of units being assigned to each of the treatments does not
vary across strata, we additionally consider tests based on
estimators derived from a linear regression with “strata
fixed effects,” that is, a linear regression of the
outcome on indicators for each of the treatments and
indicators for each of the strata. We show that tests based
on these estimators using the usual heteroskedasticity-consistent
estimator of the asymptotic variance are conservative in the
sense that they have limiting rejection probability under
the null hypothesis no greater than and typically strictly
less than the nominal level, but tests based on these
estimators and suitable estimators of the asymptotic
variance that we provide are exact, thereby generalizing
results in Bugni, Canay, and Shaikh (2018) for the case of a
single treatment to multiple treatments. A simulation study
and an empirical application illustrate the practical
relevance of our theoretical results.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1150},
Key = {fds347333}
}
@article{fds336353,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA and Shaikh, AM},
Title = {Inference Under Covariate-Adaptive Randomization},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {113},
Number = {524},
Pages = {1784-1796},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2017.1375934},
Abstract = {This article studies inference for the average treatment
effect in randomized controlled trials with
covariate-adaptive randomization. Here, by
covariate-adaptive randomization, we mean randomization
schemes that first stratify according to baseline covariates
and then assign treatment status so as to achieve
“balance” within each stratum. Our main requirement is
that the randomization scheme assigns treatment status
within each stratum so that the fraction of units being
assigned to treatment within each stratum has a well behaved
distribution centered around a proportion π as the sample
size tends to infinity. Such schemes include, for example,
Efron’s biased-coin design and stratified block
randomization. When testing the null hypothesis that the
average treatment effect equals a prespecified value in such
settings, we first show the usual two-sample t-test is
conservative in the sense that it has limiting rejection
probability under the null hypothesis no greater than and
typically strictly less than the nominal level. We show,
however, that a simple adjustment to the usual standard
error of the two-sample t-test leads to a test that is exact
in the sense that its limiting rejection probability under
the null hypothesis equals the nominal level. Next, we
consider the usual t-test (on the coefficient on treatment
assignment) in a linear regression of outcomes on treatment
assignment and indicators for each of the strata. We show
that this test is exact for the important special case of
randomization schemes with π=1/2, but is otherwise
conservative. We again provide a simple adjustment to the
standard errors that yields an exact test more generally.
Finally, we study the behavior of a modified version of a
permutation test, which we refer to as the
covariate-adaptive permutation test, that only permutes
treatment status for units within the same stratum. When
applied to the usual two-sample t-statistic, we show that
this test is exact for randomization schemes with π=1/2 and
that additionally achieve what we refer to as “strong
balance.” For randomization schemes with π≠1/2, this
test may have limiting rejection probability under the null
hypothesis strictly greater than the nominal level. When
applied to a suitably adjusted version of the two-sample
t-statistic, however, we show that this test is exact for
all randomization schemes that achieve “strong balance,”
including those with π≠1/2. A simulation study confirms
the practical relevance of our theoretical results. We
conclude with recommendations for empirical practice and an
empirical illustration. Supplementary materials for this
article are available online.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2017.1375934},
Key = {fds336353}
}
@article{fds325923,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA and Shi, X},
Title = {Inference for subvectors and other functions of partially
identified parameters in moment inequality
models},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-38},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE490},
Doi = {10.3982/QE490},
Key = {fds325923}
}
@article{fds238049,
Author = {Aucejo, EM and Bugni, FA and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Identification and inference on regressions with missing
covariate data},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {196-241},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466615000250},
Abstract = {This paper examines the problem of identification and
inference on a conditional moment condition model with
missing data, with special focus on the case when the
conditioning covariates are missing. We impose no assumption
on the distribution of the missing data and we confront the
missing data problem by using a worst case scenario
approach. We characterize the sharp identified set and argue
that this set is usually too complex to compute or to use
for inference. Given this difficulty, we consider the
construction of outer identified sets (i.e. supersets of the
identified set) that are easier to compute and can still
characterize the parameter of interest. Two different outer
identification strategies are proposed. Both of these
strategies are shown to have nontrivial identifying power
and are relatively easy to use and combine for inferential
purposes.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466615000250},
Key = {fds238049}
}
@article{fds238050,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA and Shi, X},
Title = {Specification tests for partially identified models defined
by moment inequalities},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {185},
Number = {1},
Pages = {259-282},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.10.013},
Abstract = {This paper studies the problem of specification testing in
partially identified models defined by moment
(in)equalities. This problem has not been directly addressed
in the literature, although several papers have suggested a
test based on checking whether confidence sets for the
parameters of interest are empty or not, referred to as Test
BP. We propose two new specification tests, denoted Test RS
and Test RC, that achieve uniform asymptotic size control
and dominate Test BP in terms of power in any finite sample
and in the asymptotic limit.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.10.013},
Key = {fds238050}
}
@article{fds323212,
Author = {Bugni, FA},
Title = {COMPARISON of INFERENTIAL METHODS in PARTIALLY IDENTIFIED
MODELS in TERMS of ERROR in COVERAGE PROBABILITY},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-242},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466614000826},
Abstract = {This paper considers the problem of coverage of the elements
of the identified set in a class of partially identified
econometric models with a prespecified probability. In order
to conduct inference in partially identified econometric
models defined by moment (in)equalities, the literature has
proposed three methods: bootstrap, subsampling, and
asymptotic approximation. The objective of this paper is to
compare these methods in terms of the rate at which they
achieve the desired coverage level, i.e., in terms of the
rate at which the error in the coverage probability (ECP)
converges to zero. Under certain conditions, we show that
the ECP of the bootstrap and the ECP of the asymptotic
approximation converge to zero at the same rate, which is a
faster rate than that of the ECP of subsampling methods. As
a consequence, under these conditions, the bootstrap and the
asymptotic approximation produce inference that is more
precise than subsampling. A Monte Carlo simulation study
confirms that these results are relevant in finite
samples.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466614000826},
Key = {fds323212}
}
@article{fds238052,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Bayer, P and Bugni, FA and James,
J},
Title = {Approximating High-Dimensional Dynamic Models: Sieve Value
Function Iteration},
Journal = {Advances in Econometrics},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {45-95},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0731-9053},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Abstract = {Many dynamic problems in economics are characterized by
large state spaces which make both computing and estimating
the model infeasible. We introduce a method for
approximating the value function of highdimensional dynamic
models based on sieves and establish results for the (a)
consistency, (b) rates of convergence, and (c) bounds on the
error of approximation. We embed this method for
approximating the solution to the dynamic problem within an
estimation routine and prove that it provides consistent
estimates of the modelik's parameters. We provide Monte
Carlo evidence that our method can successfully be used to
approximate models that would otherwise be infeasible to
compute, suggesting that these techniques may substantially
broaden the class of models that can be solved and
estimated. Copyright © 2013 by Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0731-9053(2013)0000032002},
Key = {fds238052}
}
@article{fds238055,
Author = {Bugni, FA},
Title = {Child labor legislation: Effective, benign, both, or
neither?},
Journal = {Cliometrica},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {223-248},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1863-2505},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11698-011-0073-4},
Abstract = {This paper explores the relationship between the
state-specific child labor legislation and the decline in
child labor that occurred in the US between 1880 and 1900.
The existing literature that addresses this question uses a
difference-in-difference estimation technique. We contribute
to this literature in two ways. First, we argue that this
estimation technique can produce misleading results due to
(a) the possibility of multiplicity of equilibria and (b)
the non-linearity of the underlying econometric model.
Second, we develop an empirical strategy to identify the
mechanism by which the legislation affected child labor
decisions. In particular, besides establishing whether the
legislation was effective or not, our analysis may determine
whether the legislation constituted a benign policy or not,
i. e., whether the legislation constrained the behavior of
families (not benign) or whether it changed the labor market
to a new equilibrium in which families voluntarily respected
the law (benign). © 2011 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11698-011-0073-4},
Key = {fds238055}
}
@article{fds238056,
Author = {Bugni, FA},
Title = {Specification test for missing functional
data},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5},
Pages = {959-1002},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466612000023},
Abstract = {Economic data are frequently generated by stochastic
processes that can be modeled as realizations of random
functions (functional data). This paper adapts the
specification test for functional data developed by Bugni,
Hall, Horowitz, and Neumann (2009, Econometrics Journal12,
S1a-S18) to the presence of missing observations. By using a
worst case scenario approach, our method is able to extract
the information available in the observed portion of the
data while being agnostic about the nature of the missing
observations. The presence of missing data implies that our
test will not only result in the rejection or lack of
rejection of the null hypothesis, but it may also be
inconclusive. Under the null hypothesis, our specification
test will reject the null hypothesis with a probability
that, in the limit, does not exceed the significance level
of the test. Moreover, the power of the test converges to
one whenever the distribution of the observations conveys
that the null hypothesis is false. Monte Carlo evidence
shows that the test may produce informative results (either
rejection or lack of rejection of the null hypothesis) even
under the presence of significant amounts of missing data.
The procedure is illustrated by testing whether the
Burdetta-Mortensen labor market model is the correct
framework for wage paths constructed from the National
Longitudinal Survery of Youth, 1979 survey. © 2012
Cambridge University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466612000023},
Key = {fds238056}
}
@article{fds238054,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Canay, IA and Guggenberger, P},
Title = {Distortions of Asymptotic Confidence Size in Locally
Misspecified Moment Inequality Models},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {80},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1741-1768},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA9604},
Abstract = {This paper studies the behavior, under local
misspecification, of several confidence sets (CSs) commonly
used in the literature on inference in moment (in)equality
models. We propose the amount of asymptotic confidence size
distortion as a criterion to choose among competing
inference methods. This criterion is then applied to compare
across test statistics and critical values employed in the
construction of CSs. We find two important results under
weak assumptions. First, we show that CSs based on
subsampling and generalized moment selection (Andrews and
Soares (2010)) suffer from the same degree of asymptotic
confidence size distortion, despite the fact that
asymptotically the latter can lead to CSs with strictly
smaller expected volume under correct model specification.
Second, we show that the asymptotic confidence size of CSs
based on the quasi-likelihood ratio test statistic can be an
arbitrary small fraction of the asymptotic confidence size
of CSs based on the modified method of moments test
statistic. © 2012 The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA9604},
Key = {fds238054}
}
@article{fds238057,
Author = {Bugni, FA},
Title = {Bootstrap inference in partially identified models defined
by moment inequalities: Coverage of the identified
set},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {735-753},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA8056},
Abstract = {This paper introduces a novel bootstrap procedure to perform
inference in a wide class of partially identified
econometric models. We consider econometric models defined
by finitely many weak moment inequalities,2 which encompass
many applications of economic interest. The objective of our
inferential procedure is to cover the identified set with a
prespecified probability.3 We compare our bootstrap
procedure, a competing asymptotic approximation, and
subsampling procedures in terms of the rate at which they
achieve the desired coverage level, also known as the error
in the coverage probability. Under certain conditions, we
show that our bootstrap procedure and the asymptotic
approximation have the same order of error in the coverage
probability, which is smaller than that obtained by using
subsampling. This implies that inference based on our
bootstrap and asymptotic approximation should eventually be
more precise than inference based on subsampling. A Monte
Carlo study confirms this finding in a small sample
simulation. © 2010 The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA8056},
Key = {fds238057}
}
@article{fds238053,
Author = {Bugni, FA and Hall, P and Horowitz, JL and Neumann,
GR},
Title = {Goodness-of-fit tests for functional data},
Journal = {The Econometrics Journal},
Volume = {12},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {S1-S18},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1368-4221},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2008.00266.x},
Abstract = {Economic data are frequently generated by stochastic
processes that can be modelled as occurring in continuous
time. That is, the data are treated as realizations of a
random function (functional data). Sometimes an economic
theory model specifies the process up to a
finite-dimensional parameter. This paper develops a test of
the null hypothesis that a given functional data set was
generated by a specified parametric model of a
continuous-time process. The alternative hypothesis is
non-parametric. A random function is a form of
infinite-dimensional random variable, and the test presented
here a generalization of the familiar Cramér-von Mises test
to an infinite dimensional random variable. The test is
illustrated by using it to test the hypothesis that a sample
of wage paths was generated by a certain equilibrium job
search model. Simulation studies show that the test has good
finite-sample performance. © Journal compilation © 2009
Royal Economic Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1368-423X.2008.00266.x},
Key = {fds238053}
}
%% Burmeister, Edwin
@article{fds349414,
Author = {Burmeister, E},
Title = {Economic Theory and Economic Thought. Essays in Honour of
Ian Steedman},
Journal = {The European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {289-290},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672567.2010.522798},
Doi = {10.1080/09672567.2010.522798},
Key = {fds349414}
}
@article{fds349415,
Author = {Burmeister, E},
Title = {Reflections},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {41},
Number = {Suppl_1},
Pages = {35-43},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2009-015},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2009-015},
Key = {fds349415}
}
@misc{fds162850,
Author = {Edwin Burmeister and Marjorie B. McElroy},
Title = {The Burmeister-McElroy Sliced Normal Theorem: Conditional
Forecasting with Probabilistic Scenarios},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/Papers/Other/Burmeister/Sliced_Normal_Theorem.pdf},
Abstract = {<a href="http://www.econ.duke.edu/Papers/Other/Burmeister/Sliced_Normal_Theorem.pdf">Download
paper. </a>},
Key = {fds162850}
}
@article{fds349417,
Author = {Burmeister, E},
Title = {Equal organic composition of capital and
regularity},
Journal = {Metroeconomica},
Volume = {59},
Number = {3},
Pages = {323-346},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-999X.2007.00302.x},
Abstract = {Equal organic composition of capital (EOCC) is shown to be a
necessary and sufficient condition for constant relative
prices in no-joint production technologies with neoclassical
production functions. It is then proved that such
neoclassical technologies are regular (which implies that
consumption is well behaved across steady-state equilibria).
Regularity is also a necessary and sufficient condition for
near aggregation (which implies an aggregate production
function with all but one of the usual neoclassical
properties). Except perhaps for some fluke cases, the
existence of an aggregate production function with all of
the usual neoclassical properties (full aggregation)
requires the stronger EOCC property. © 2008 Blackwell
Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-999X.2007.00302.x},
Key = {fds349417}
}
@article{fds349418,
Author = {Burmeister, E},
Title = {Theory of production: A long-period analysis - Kurz,HD,
Salvadori,N},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1344-1346},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds349418}
}
@article{fds349419,
Author = {Burmeister, E and McElroy, MB},
Title = {APT and Multifactor Asset Pricing Models with Measured and
Unobserved Factors: Theoretical and Econometric
Issues},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {135-154},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds349419}
}
@article{fds349420,
Author = {Burmeister, E and McElroy, MB},
Title = {The residual market factor, the APT, and mean-variance
efficiency},
Journal = {Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-49},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408405},
Abstract = {The rapidly increasing volume of both published and
unpublished work on the arbitrage pricing theory (APT) of
Ross (1976) has given rise to a number of misunderstandings
at the interface of theoretical and econometric work. In
this article we extend the theoretical structure of our
previous work (McElroy and Burmeister, 1985, 1988;
Burmeister and McElroy, 1987, 1988) to provide a broad yet
rigorous framework both for econometric estimation and for
better economic interpretation of new empirical results. We
begin with the case where all K factors are observed, and
then present the second case of K-1≡J observed APT factors
and one unobserved factor, the residual market factor
introduced in McElroy and Burmeister (1985). The economic
interpretations for equivalent specifications of this model
are discussed, and we enumerate several immediate payoffs to
these specifications. The main new results are concerned
with the sometimes intricate relationships among APT models
with K factors and APT models with K factors that are
constrained to satisfy mean-variance efficiency
restrictions. These results are not only of theoretical
interest, but more importantly they provide the basis for
econometric estimation and testing of nested hypotheses.
These econometric issues are discussed in detail. © 1991
Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02408405},
Key = {fds349420}
}
@article{fds349422,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Burmeister, E},
Title = {Arbitrage pricing theory as a restricted nonlinear
multivariate regression model: Iterated nonlinear seemingly
unrelated regression estimates},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-42},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1988.10509634},
Abstract = {By replacing the unknown random factors of factor analysis
with observed macroeconomic variables, the arbitrage pricing
theory (APT) is recast as a multivariate nonlinear
regression model with across-equation restrictions. An
explicit theoretical justification for the inclusion of an
arbitrary, well-diversified market index is given. Using
monthly returns on 70 stocks, iterated nonlinear seemingly
unrelated regression techniques are employed to obtain joint
estimates of asset sensitivities and their associated APT
risk “prices.” Without the assumption oi normally
distributed errors, these estimators are strongly consistent
and asymptotically normal. With the additional assumption of
normal errors, they are also full-information maximum
likelihood estimators. Classical asymptotic nonlinear nested
hypothesis tests are supportive of the APT with measured
macroeconomic factors. © 1988 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1988.10509634},
Key = {fds349422}
}
@article{fds349421,
Author = {BURMEISTER, E and MCELROY, MB},
Title = {JOINT ESTIMATION OF FACTOR SENSITIVITIES AND RISK PREMIA FOR
THE ARBITRAGE PRICING THEORY},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF FINANCE},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {721-735},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2328195},
Doi = {10.2307/2328195},
Key = {fds349421}
}
@article{fds349423,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Burmeister, E and Wall, KD},
Title = {Two estimators for the apt model when factors are
measured},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-275},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(85)90035-7},
Abstract = {Non-linear SUR and ITSUR techniques are proposed for the
estimation of the APT and the CAPM when the factors are
observed. These techniques estimate all of the parameters of
the model simultaneously and directly impose the model's
non-linear parameter restrictions. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(85)90035-7},
Key = {fds349423}
}
@article{fds349424,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {Price expectations and global stability in economic
systems},
Journal = {Automatica},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {487-497},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(75)90024-2},
Abstract = {In this paper we study the global stability properties of
both descriptive and optimally controlled economic systems
possessing inherent non-linearities. Stability conditions
for these non-linear models are established, and a complete
characterization of the dynamic path is obtained. Moreover,
the relationship between the global stability properties of
descriptive and optimal control models is clarified, the
trajectories of descriptive models are compared with those
of the planning models and conditions are examined under
which the behavior of completely stable descriptive models
approximates optimal solutions. © 1975.},
Doi = {10.1016/0005-1098(75)90024-2},
Key = {fds349424}
}
@article{fds349425,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {Multi-secotr Economic Models with Continuous Adaptive
Expectations},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {323-336},
Year = {1974},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2296752},
Doi = {10.2307/2296752},
Key = {fds349425}
}
@article{fds349426,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Dobell, AR},
Title = {Guidance and Optimal Control of Free-Market Economies: A New
Interpretation},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics},
Volume = {SMC-2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-15},
Year = {1972},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1972.5408550},
Abstract = {The biological and social sciences offer many examples of
complex systems which were not consciously designed or
engineered but which have evolved over long periods from
more primitive forms. Built-in mechanisms for control or
guidance of such systems may be quite elaborate but somewhat
imperfect and indirect. Two primary propositions are
discussed. The first is that the evolution of the complex
markets basic in western economies has realized an
institutional structure through which decentralized guidance
of the economy can be implemented. The second is that with
such market structures it may be possible to design economic
policies which realize sufficient control of the economic
system without direct intervention in the optimizing
decisions of individual elements in the system. The paper is
primarily tutorial and surveys the relevant technical
literature on models of economic growth. However, some new
results and a new interpretationof known results are
presented. Copyright © 1972 by The Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1109/TSMC.1972.5408550},
Key = {fds349426}
}
@book{fds20301,
Author = {Edwin Burmeister and A. Rodney Dobell},
Title = {Mathematical Theories of Economic Growth},
Pages = {444 + i-xx},
Publisher = {New York: Macmillan},
Year = {1970},
Key = {fds20301}
}
@article{fds20307,
Author = {Edwin Burmeister and Michael Bruno and Eytan
Sheshinski},
Title = {The Nature and Implications of the Reswitching of
Techniques},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Year = {1966},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds20307}
}
%% Burnside, A. Craig
@article{fds324943,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Graveline, JJ},
Title = {On the Asset Market View of Exchange Rates},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324943}
}
@article{fds305299,
Author = {Burnside, C and Eichenbaum, M and Rebelo, S},
Title = {Understanding booms and busts in housing
markets},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {124},
Series = {NBER Working Paper 16734},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1088-1147},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1537-534X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10440 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Some booms in housing prices are followed by busts. Others
are not. It is generally difficult to find observable
fundamentals that are useful for predicting whether a boom
will turn into a bust or not. We develop a model consistent
with these observations. Agents have heterogeneous
expectations about long-run fundamentals but change their
views because of “social dynamics.” Agents with tighter
priors are more likely to convert others to their beliefs.
Boom-bust episodes typically occur when skeptical agents
happen to be correct. The booms that are not followed by
busts typically occur when optimistic agents happen to be
correct.},
Doi = {10.1086/686732},
Key = {fds305299}
}
@article{fds315018,
Author = {Burnside, AC},
Title = {Identification and inference in linear stochastic discount
factor models with excess returns},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {295-330},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
ISSN = {1479-8409},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10441 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {When excess returns are used to estimate linear stochastic
discount factor (SDF) models, researchers often adopt a
normalization of the SDF that sets its mean to 1, or one
that sets its intercept to 1. These normalizations are often
treated as equivalent, but they are subtly different both in
population, and in finite samples. Standard asymptotic
inference relies on rank conditions that differ across the
two normalizations, and which can fail to differing degrees.
I first establish that failure of the rank conditions is a
genuine concern for many well-known SDF models in the
literature. I also describe how failure of the rank
conditions can affect inference, both in population and in
finite samples. I propose using tests of the rank conditions
not only as a diagnostic device, but also for model
reduction. I show that this model reduction procedure has
desirable properties in a Monte-Carlo experiment with a
calibrated model.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbv018},
Key = {fds315018}
}
@article{fds204478,
Author = {Craig Burnside and Jeremy J. Graveline},
Title = {On the Asset Market View of Exchange Rates},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w18646},
Key = {fds204478}
}
@article{fds320422,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Graveline, J},
Title = {Exchange Rate Determination, Risk Sharing and the Asset
Market View},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {139},
Pages = {49 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Recent research in international finance has equated changes
in real exchange rates with differences between the marginal
utility growths of representative agents in different
economies. The asset market view of exchange rates,
encapsulated in this equation, has been used to gain
insights into exchange rate determination, foreign exchange
risk premia, and international risk sharing. We argue that,
in fact, this equation is of limited usefulness. By itself,
the asset market view does not identify the economic
mechanism that determines the exchange rate. It only holds
under complete markets, and even then, it does not generally
allow us to identify the marginal utility growths of
distinct agents. Moreover, if we allow for incomplete asset
markets, measures of agents' marginal utility growths, and
international risk sharing, cannot be based on asset market
and exchange rate data alone. Instead, we argue that in
order to explain how exchange rates are determined, it is
necessary to make specific assumptions about preferences,
goods market frictions, the assets agents can trade, and the
nature of endowments or production.},
Key = {fds320422}
}
@misc{fds211374,
Author = {Craig Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio
Rebelo},
Title = {Understanding the Profitability of Currency-Trading
Strategies},
Journal = {NBER Reporter},
Volume = {2012},
Number = {3},
Pages = {10-14},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.nber.org/reporter/2012number3/burnside.html},
Key = {fds211374}
}
@article{fds291841,
Author = {Burnside, C},
Title = {The cross section of foreign currency risk premia and
consumption growth risk: Comment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {7},
Pages = {3456-3476},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2034 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Lustig and Verdelhan (2007) argue that the excess returns to
borrowing US dollars and lending in foreign currency
"compensate US investors for taking on more US consumption
growth risk," yet the stochastic discount factor
corresponding to their benchmark model is approximately
uncorrelated with the returns they study. Hence, one cannot
reject the null hypothesis that their model explains none of
the cross sectional variation of the expected returns. Given
this finding, and other evidence, I argue that the forward
premium puzzle remains a puzzle.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.7.3456},
Key = {fds291841}
}
@article{fds291840,
Author = {Burnside, C and Eichenbaum, M and Rebelo, S},
Title = {Carry trade and momentum in currency markets},
Journal = {Annual Review of Financial Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {511-535},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1941-1367},
url = {http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/eprint/CdDwFbwREd8HNpdXPhKb/full/10.1146/annurev-financial-102710-144913},
Abstract = {We examine the empirical properties of the payoffs to two
popular currency speculation strategies: the carry trade and
momentum. We review three possible explanations for the
apparent profitability of these strategies. The first is
that speculators are being compensated for bearing risk. The
second is that these strategies are vulnerable to rare
disasters or peso problems. The third is that there is price
pressure in currency markets. © 2011 by Annual Reviews. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-financial-102710-144913},
Key = {fds291840}
}
@article{fds291861,
Author = {Burnside, C and Han, B and Hirshleifer, D and Wang,
TY},
Title = {Investor overconfidence and the forward premium
puzzle},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {523-558},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/78/2/523.abstract},
Abstract = {We offer an explanation for the forward premium puzzle in
foreign exchange markets based upon investor overconfidence.
In the model, overconfident individuals overreact to their
information about future inflation, which causes greater
overshooting in the forward rate than in the spot rate.
Thus, when agents observe a signal of higher future
inflation, the consequent rise in the forward premium
predicts a subsequent downward correction of the spot rate.
The model can explain the magnitude of the forward premium
bias and several other stylized facts related to the joint
behaviour of forward and spot exchange rates. Our approach
is also consistent with the availability of profitable carry
trade strategies. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdq013},
Key = {fds291861}
}
@article{fds291862,
Author = {Burnside, C and Eichenbaum, M and Kleshchelski, I and Rebelo,
S},
Title = {Do peso problems explain the returns to the carry
trade?},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {853-891},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2017 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We study the properties of the carry trade, a currency
speculation strategy in which an investor borrows
low-interest-rate currencies and lends high-interest-rate
currencies. This strategy generates payoffs that are on
average large and uncorrelated with traditional risk
factors. We argue that these payoffs reflect a peso problem.
The underlying peso event features high values of the
stochastic discount factor rather than very large negative
payoffs. © 2010 The Author Published by Oxford University
Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhq138},
Key = {fds291862}
}
@article{fds324947,
Author = {Tabova, A and Burnside, AC},
Title = {Risk, Volatility, and the Global Cross-Section of Growth
Rates},
Journal = {Duke Department of Economics Research Paper},
Number = {43},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds324947}
}
@misc{fds154214,
Author = {Craig Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio
Rebelo},
Title = {Currency Crises Models},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd
ed.},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
Editor = {Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds154214}
}
@article{fds167782,
Title = {Carry Trade and Currency Crashes: A Comment},
Journal = {NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2008},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds167782}
}
@misc{fds51684,
Author = {Craig Burnside and Domenico Fanizza},
Title = {Debt Relief and Fiscal Sustainability for
HIPCs},
Booktitle = {Reinventing Foreign Aid},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {William Easterly},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds51684}
}
@article{fds324953,
Author = {Burnside, AC},
Title = {Empirical Asset Pricing and Statistical Power in the
Presence of Weak Risk Factors},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324953}
}
@book{fds350375,
Author = {Burnside, C},
Title = {Comment},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {349-359},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/593089},
Doi = {10.1086/593089},
Key = {fds350375}
}
@article{fds324957,
Author = {Burnside, AC},
Title = {The Forward Premium is Still a Puzzle},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds324957}
}
@article{fds324958,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Kleshchelski, I and Rebelo,
ST},
Title = {The Returns to Currency Speculation},
Journal = {CEPR Discussion Paper},
Number = {5883},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds324958}
}
@misc{fds44266,
Title = {Comments on “The Welfare Implications of Inflation versus
Price-Level Targeting in a Two-Sector Small Open Economy
Model”},
Series = {Economic Conference Papers and Proceedings},
Booktitle = {Issues in Inflation Targeting},
Publisher = {Bank of Canada},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds44266}
}
@book{fds43897,
Title = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43897}
}
@misc{fds43891,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio Rebelo},
Title = {Financing the Costs of Currency Crises},
Pages = {233-70},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43891}
}
@misc{fds43892,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio Rebelo},
Title = {Currency Crises and Fiscal Sustainability},
Pages = {205-32},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43892}
}
@misc{fds43893,
Title = {Some Tools for Fiscal Sustainability Analysis},
Pages = {35-80},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43893}
}
@misc{fds43896,
Title = {Theoretical Prerequisites for Fiscal Sustainability
Analysis},
Pages = {11-34},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43896}
}
@misc{fds43894,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Yuliya Meshcheryakova},
Title = {Mexico: A Case Study of Procyclical Fiscal
Policy},
Pages = {133-74},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43894}
}
@misc{fds43895,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Yuliya Meshcheryakova},
Title = {Cyclical Adjustment of the Budget Surplus: Concepts and
Measurement Issues},
Pages = {113-32},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice: A
Handbook},
Publisher = {World Bank},
Editor = {Craig Burnside},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds43895}
}
@article{fds324961,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Burnside, AC and Dollar, D},
Title = {Aid, Policies, and Growth: Revisiting the
Evidence},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324961}
}
@misc{fds29658,
Title = {Discussion [of Monetary Policy in a Small Open Economy, by
Gabriel Srour]},
Booktitle = {Price Adjustment and Monetary Policy},
Publisher = {Ottawa: Bank of Canada},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds29658}
}
@misc{fds325681,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Rebelo, S},
Title = {On the Fiscal Implications of Twin Crises},
Booktitle = {Managing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Dooley, MP and Frankel, JA},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds325681}
}
@article{fds324967,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Rebelo, ST},
Title = {On the Fundamentals of Self-Fulfilling Speculative
Attacks},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324967}
}
@article{fds324968,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Fisher, JDM},
Title = {Fiscal Shocks in an Efficiency Wage Model},
Booktitle = {Macroeconomics and the Real World, Volume 1: Econometric
Techniques and Macroeconomics},
Publisher = {Oxford: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Roger E. Backhouse and Andrea Salanti},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324968}
}
@article{fds324969,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Fisher, JDM},
Title = {Assessing the Effects of Fiscal Shocks},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324969}
}
@misc{fds29660,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and David Dollar},
Title = {Aid, Growth, the Incentive Regime, and Poverty
Reduction},
Booktitle = {The World Bank: Structure and Policies},
Publisher = {Cambridge: Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Christopher L. Gilbert and David Vines},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds29660}
}
@misc{fds29661,
Title = {Discrete State-Space Methods for the Study of Dynamic
Economies},
Booktitle = {Computational Methods for the Study of Dynamic
Economies},
Publisher = {Oxford: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Ramon Marimon and Andrew Scott},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds29661}
}
@misc{fds29662,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio Rebelo},
Title = {What Caused the Recent Asian Currency Crisis?},
Booktitle = {The Asian Financial Crisis: Origins, Implications and
Solutions},
Publisher = {Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {William C. Hunter and George G. Kaufman and Thomas H.
Krueger},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds29662}
}
@article{fds324973,
Author = {Dollar, D and Burnside, AC},
Title = {Aid, the Incentive Regime, and Poverty Reduction},
Year = {1998},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds324973}
}
@misc{fds27357,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and David Dollar},
Title = {Aid Spurs Growth-in a Sound Policy Environment},
Journal = {Finance & Development},
Volume = {34},
Number = {4},
Pages = {4–7},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds27357}
}
@article{fds191300,
Title = {Industry Innovation: Where and Why. A Comment},
Journal = {Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public
Policy},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {151–67},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds191300}
}
@article{fds191297,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio Rebelo},
Title = {Capital Utilization and Returns to Scale},
Journal = {1995 NBER Macroeconomics Annual},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: MIT Press},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds191297}
}
@article{fds324974,
Author = {Burnside, AC and Eichenbaum, M and Rebelo, ST},
Title = {Capital Utilization and Returns to Scale},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds324974}
}
@article{fds324976,
Author = {A.C. Burnside and Burnside, AC and McCurdy, TH},
Title = {The Equity Premium Puzzle},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and
Finance},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds324976}
}
@misc{fds27359,
Author = {contributor to the},
Title = {1989-90 Official National Hockey League Guide and Record
Book},
Publisher = {Montreal: National Hockey League},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds27359}
}
%% Bykhovskaya, Anna
@article{fds365034,
Author = {Bykhovskaya, A and Gorin, V},
Title = {COINTEGRATION IN LARGE VARS},
Journal = {Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1593-1617},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/21-AOS2164},
Abstract = {The paper analyzes cointegration in vector autoregressive
processes (VARs) for the cases when both the number of
coordinates, N, and the number of time periods, T, are large
and of the same order. We propose a way to examine a VAR of
order 1 for the presence of cointegration based on a
modification of the Johansen likelihood ratio test. The
advantage of our procedure over the original Johansen test
and its finite sample corrections is that our test does not
suffer from overrejection. This is achieved through novel
asymptotic theorems for eigenvalues of matrices in the test
statistic in the regime of proportionally growing N and T.
Our theoretical findings are supported by Monte Carlo
simulations and an empirical illustration. Moreover, we find
a surprising connection with multivariate analysis of
variance (MANOVA) and explain why it emerges.},
Doi = {10.1214/21-AOS2164},
Key = {fds365034}
}
@article{fds365035,
Author = {Bykhovskaya, A},
Title = {Time Series Approach to the Evolution of Networks:
Prediction and Estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {170-183},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2021.2006669},
Abstract = {The article analyzes nonnegative multivariate time series
which we interpret as weighted networks. We introduce a
model where each coordinate of the time series represents a
given edge across time. The number of time periods is
treated as large compared to the size of the network. The
model specifies the temporal evolution of a weighted network
that combines classical autoregression with nonnegativity, a
positive probability of vanishing, and peer effect
interactions between weights assigned to edges in the
process. The main results provide criteria for stationarity
versus explosiveness of the network evolution process and
techniques for estimation of the parameters of the model and
for prediction of its future values. Natural applications
arise in networks of fixed number of agents, such as
countries, large corporations, or small social communities.
The article provides an empirical implementation of the
approach to monthly trade data in European Union. Overall,
the results confirm that incorporating nonnegativity of
dependent variables into the model matters and incorporating
peer effects leads to the improved prediction
power.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2021.2006669},
Key = {fds365035}
}
@article{fds365036,
Author = {Bykhovskaya, A and Phillips, PCB},
Title = {Point optimal testing with roots that are functionally local
to unity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {219},
Number = {2},
Pages = {231-259},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.03.003},
Abstract = {Limit theory for regressions involving local to unit roots
(LURs) is now used extensively in time series econometric
work, establishing power properties for unit root and
cointegration tests, assisting the construction of uniform
confidence intervals for autoregressive coefficients, and
enabling the development of methods robust to departures
from unit roots. The present paper shows how to generalize
LUR asymptotics to cases where the localized departure from
unity is a time varying function rather than a constant.
Such a functional local unit root (FLUR) model has much
greater generality and encompasses many cases of additional
interest that appear in practical work, including structural
break formulations that admit subperiods of unit root, local
stationary and local explosive behavior within a given
sample. Point optimal FLUR tests are constructed in the
paper to accommodate such cases and demonstrate how the
power envelope changes in situations of practical interest.
Against FLUR alternatives, conventional constant point
optimal tests can be asymptotically infinitely deficient in
power, with poor finite sample power performance
particularly when the departure from unity occurs early in
the sample period. New analytic explanation for this
phenomenon is provided. Simulation results are reported and
some implications for empirical practice are
examined.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.03.003},
Key = {fds365036}
}
@article{fds365037,
Author = {Bykhovskaya, A},
Title = {Stability in matching markets with peer effects},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {122},
Pages = {28-54},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2020.03.010},
Abstract = {The paper investigates conditions which guarantee the
existence of a stable outcome in a school matching in the
presence of peer effects. We consider an economy where
students are characterized by their type and schools are
characterized by their quality and capacity. We divide
students and schools into groups, so that going to a school
outside of one's group is associated with additional costs
or prohibited. A student receives utility from a school per
se and from one's classmates. We find that sufficient
condition for a stable matching to exist is that a directed
graph, which governs the possibility to go from one group to
another, should not have (undirected) cycles. We construct a
polynomial time algorithm, which produces a stable matching.
Furthermore, we show that if the graph has a cycle, then
there exist other economy parameters (types, costs and so
on), so that no stable matching exists.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2020.03.010},
Key = {fds365037}
}
@article{fds365038,
Author = {Bykhovskaya, A and Phillips, PCB},
Title = {Boundary Limit Theory for Functional Local to Unity
Regression},
Journal = {Journal of Time Series Analysis},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {523-562},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtsa.12285},
Abstract = {This article studies functional local unit root models
(FLURs) in which the autoregressive coefficient may vary
with time in the vicinity of unity. We extend conventional
local to unity (LUR) models by allowing the localizing
coefficient to be a function which characterizes departures
from unity that may occur within the sample in both
stationary and explosive directions. Such models enhance the
flexibility of the LUR framework by including break point,
trending, and multidirectional departures from unit
autoregressive coefficients. We study the behavior of this
model as the localizing function diverges, thereby
determining the impact on the time series and on inference
from the time series as the limits of the domain of
definition of the autoregressive coefficient are approached.
This boundary limit theory enables us to characterize the
asymptotic form of power functions for associated unit root
tests against functional alternatives. Both sequential and
simultaneous limits (as the sample size and localizing
coefficient diverge) are developed. We find that asymptotics
for the process, the autoregressive estimate, and its
t-statistic have boundary limit behavior that differs from
standard limit theory in both explosive and stationary
cases. Some novel features of the boundary limit theory are
the presence of a segmented limit process for the time
series in the stationary direction and a degenerate process
in the explosive direction. These features have material
implications for autoregressive estimation and inference
which are examined in the article.},
Doi = {10.1111/jtsa.12285},
Key = {fds365038}
}
%% Caldwell, Bruce J.
@book{fds370202,
Author = {Caldwell, B and Davis, JB and Mäki, U and Sent, EM},
Title = {Methodology and history of economics: Reflections with and
without rules},
Pages = {1-250},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781032209463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003266051},
Abstract = {This edited volume provides an in-depth exploration into the
influential work of Wade Hands, examining the changing
relationship between methodology and the history of
economics in connection with contemporary developments in
economics. The papers in this volume fall into four parts,
each devoted to an important theme in Wade Hands' work. The
first part explores the influence and scope of Reflection
without Rules, capturing the rich debate that the book
generated about what guides methodological and philosophical
thinking in economics. The second part examines Hands'
research on Paul Samuelson's economics and the
methodological dimensions of Samuelson's thinking. Part
three looks to Hands' long-standing interest in the
philosophical foundations of pragmatist thinking. The final
part addresses his more recent research in the
methodological import of the emergence of behavioural
economics. Together, the contributors show how Hands'
insights in complexity theory, identity, and stratification
are key to understanding a reconfigured economic
methodology. They also reveal how his willingness to draw
from multiple academic disciplines gives us a platform for
interrogating mainstream economics and provides the basis
for a humane yet scientific alternative. This unique volume
will be essential reading for advanced students and
researchers across social economics, history of economic
thought, economic methodology, political economy, and
philosophy of social science.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003266051},
Key = {fds370202}
}
@misc{fds370203,
Author = {Caldwell, B and Davis, JB and Mäki, U and Sent, EM},
Title = {Wade hands as an historian and philosopher of
economics},
Pages = {1-14},
Booktitle = {Methodology and History of Economics: Reflections With and
Without Rules},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781032209463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003266051-1},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003266051-1},
Key = {fds370203}
}
@article{fds353242,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {The Road to Serfdom after 75 Years},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {720-748},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/JEL.20191542},
Abstract = {This paper revisits Friedrich Hayek's book, The Road to
Serfdom, on the seventy-fifth anniversary of its
publication. Though the book is well-known, its arguments
are often mischaracterized. The paper traces the origins of
the book, noting the various people and arguments that Hayek
was responding to, and places it in the context of its
times. The structure of the book is explored and some common
criticisms addressed. Finally, it is shown how, after its
publication, the book took on a life of its own. (JEL B25,
B31, P11, P16, P21, P26),.},
Doi = {10.1257/JEL.20191542},
Key = {fds353242}
}
@book{fds353243,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Socialism and war: Essays, documents, reviews},
Pages = {1-270},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415035224},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781138400115},
Abstract = {Throughout the twentieth century socialism and war were
intimately connected. The unprecedented upheavals wrought by
the two world wars and the Great Depression provided both
opportunity and impetus for a variety of socialist
experiments. This volume in The Collected Works of F. A.
Hayek documents the evolution of Hayek’s thought on
socialism and war during the dark decades of the 1930s and
1940s. Opening with Hayek’s arguments against market
socialism, the volume continues with his writings on the
economics of war, many in response to the proposals made in
John Maynard Keynes’s famous pamphlet, How to Pay for the
War. The last section presents articles that anticipated The
Road to Serfdom, Hayek’s classic meditation on the dangers
of collectivism. An appendix contains a number of topical
book reviews written by Hayek during this crucial period,
and a masterful introduction by the volume editor, Bruce
Caldwell, sets Hayek’s work in context. Socialism and War
will interest not just fans of The Road to Serfdom, but
anyone concerned with the ongoing debates over the propriety
of government intervention in the economy. “When he wrote
The Road to Serfdom, [Hayek’s] was a voice in the
wilderness. Now the fight [has] been taken up by people all
over the world, by institutions and movements, and the ideas
that seemed so strange to many in 1944 can be found from
scholarly journals to television programs.”-Thomas Sowell,
Forbes “Intellectually [Hayek] towers like a giant oak in
a forest of saplings.”-Chicago Tribun.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781138400115},
Key = {fds353243}
}
@misc{fds349166,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Popper and hayek: Who influenced whom?},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {111-124},
Booktitle = {Karl Popper: A Centenary Assessment},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9780815390060},
Key = {fds349166}
}
@article{fds324299,
Author = {Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER and Hoover, KD and Caldwell,
B},
Title = {John maynard keynes of bloomsbury: Four short
talks},
Number = {23},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324299}
}
@article{fds342815,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Keynes and hayek},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-94},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7289288},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7289288},
Key = {fds342815}
}
@misc{fds343703,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Reflecting on beyond positivism at thirty-five},
Volume = {36A},
Pages = {81-90},
Booktitle = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0743-41542018000036A006},
Abstract = {In 1982 my book Beyond Positivism: Economic Methodology in
the Twentieth Century was published. At the 2017 History of
Economics Society meeting, a session was held to mark the
35th anniversary of that event. Papers by Wade Hands, Kevin
Hoover, Tony Lawson, and the trio Peter Boettke, Solomon
Stein, and Virgil Storr were prepared. In this paper, I
respond by reflecting on how I came to write Beyond
Positivism and on the state of the field of economic
methodology at the time, and then commenting briefly on each
of the papers noted above.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0743-41542018000036A006},
Key = {fds343703}
}
@article{fds324687,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {F. A. Hayek and the economic calculus},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {151-180},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3452327},
Abstract = {This article offers a revisionist account of certain
episodes in the development of F. A. Hayek’s thought. It
offers a new reading of his 1937 paper, “Economics and
Knowledge,” that draws on unpublished lecture notes in
which he articulated more fully the distinctions he made in
the paper between a “pure logic of choice,” or the
economic calculus, and an “empirical element,” which he
would later call the competitive market order. Next, the
essay shows that Hayek continued to try to develop his ideas
about the role of the economic calculus through the 1950s
and early 1960s, an effort that has been missed because it
never led to any published work. Finally, the article
examines Hayek’s attempt to articulate a theory of the
market process, one that would be at the same level of
generality as the economic calculus, in lectures he gave at
the University of Virginia. He never developed a
full-fledged formal theory, but his failed efforts still
bore fruit in leading him to his contributions on
spontaneous orders and the (verbal) theory of complex
phenomena. This work anticipated contributions by others who
were more technically trained.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3452327},
Key = {fds324687}
}
@article{fds323131,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek's Nobel},
Journal = {Advances in Austrian Economics},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {1-19},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1529-213420160000021001},
Abstract = {The paper offers a number of vignettes surrounding Friedrich
A. Hayek's receipt of the Nobel Prize. It examines Hayek's
life before he got the prize, describes the events in
Stockholm, and offers a summary of the main themes of his
Prize Lecture. It then examines the subsequent impact on
Hayek's life and career. It concludes by looking at the
impact of the Prize on scholarship about Hayek and the
Austrian movement.},
Doi = {10.1108/S1529-213420160000021001},
Key = {fds323131}
}
@article{fds294292,
Author = {Caldwell, B and Montes, L},
Title = {Friedrich Hayek and his visits to Chile},
Journal = {Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-309},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0889-3047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11138-014-0290-8},
Abstract = {F. A. Hayek took two trips to Chile, the first in 1977, the
second in 1981. The visits were controversial. On the first
trip he met with General Augusto Pinochet, who had led a
coup that overthrew Salvador Allende in 1973. During his
1981 visit, Hayek gave interviews that were published in the
Chilean newspaper El Mercurio and in which he discussed
authoritarian regimes and the problem of unlimited
democracy. After each trip, he complained that the western
press had painted an unfair picture of the economic
situation under the Pinochet regime. Drawing on archival
material, interviews, and past research, we provide a full
account of this controversial episode in Hayek’s
life.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11138-014-0290-8},
Key = {fds294292}
}
@book{fds343394,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Beyond positivism},
Pages = {1-279},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781138834231},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203565520},
Abstract = {Since its publication in 1982, Beyond Positivism has become
established as one of the definitive statements on economic
methodology. The book's rejection of positivism and its
advocacy of pluralism were to have a profound influence in
the flowering of work methodology that has taken place in
economics in the decade since its publication. This edition
contains a new preface outlining the major developments in
the area since the book's first appearance. The book
provides the first comprehensive treatment of twentieth
century philosophy of science which emphasizes the issues
relevant to economics. It proceeds to demonstrate this
relevance by reviewing some of the key debates in the area.
Having concluded that positivism has to be rejected, the
author examines possible alternative bases for economic
methodology. Arguing that there is no best method, he
advocates methodological pluralism.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203565520},
Key = {fds343394}
}
@book{fds305977,
Author = {Hayek, FA and Caldwell, B},
Title = {The Market and Other Orders},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {1-458},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Caldwell, BJ},
Year = {2014},
ISBN = {978-0-226-08955-3},
Abstract = {In addition to his groundbreaking contributions to pure
economic theory, F. A. Hayek also closely examined the ways
in which the knowledge of many individual market
participants could culminate in an overall order of economic
activity. His attempts to come to terms with the "knowledge
problem" thread through his career and comprise the writings
collected in the fifteenth volume of Routledge's Collected
Works of F. A. Hayek series. The Market and Other
Ordersbrings together more than twenty works spanning almost
forty years that consider this question. Consisting of
speeches, essays, and lectures, including Hayek's 1974 Nobel
lecture, "The Pretense of Knowledge," the works in this
volume draw on a broad range of perspectives, including the
philosophy of science, the physiology of the brain, legal
theory, and political philosophy. Taking readers from
Hayek's early development of the idea of spontaneous order
in economics through his integration of this insight into
political theory and other disciplines, the book culminates
with Hayek's integration of his work on these topics into an
overarching social theory that accounts for spontaneous
order in the variety of complex systems that Hayek studied
throughout his career. Edited by renowned Hayek scholar
Bruce Caldwell, who also contributes a masterly introduction
that provides biographical and historical context, The
Market and Other Ordersforms the definitive compilation of
Hayek's work on spontaneous order.},
Key = {fds305977}
}
@article{fds294294,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {George Soros: Hayekian?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {350-356},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350178X.2013.859405},
Abstract = {This paper examines many similarities in the methodological
and ontological views of George Soros and Friedrich Hayek.
© 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/1350178X.2013.859405},
Key = {fds294294}
}
@article{fds324688,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Remembering mark blaug},
Pages = {21-26},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781783471232.00010},
Doi = {10.4337/9781783471232.00010},
Key = {fds324688}
}
@book{fds357307,
Author = {Coats, AWB and Backhouse, RE and Caldwell, B},
Title = {The historiography of economics: British and American
economic essays, Volume III},
Pages = {1-515},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781138243767},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203796573},
Abstract = {This is the third and final volume of collected papers of
A.W. Bob Coats. Coats began to collect material for this
volume in the years following the publication of the second
volume in 1993, but sadly died in 2007, before the work was
completed. The volume has now been completed under the
editorship of Roger Backhouse and Bruce Caldwell. Along with
his articles, the compilation of the volume also reflects
Coats' interest in and commitment to book reviews, a
selection of which have been chosen for inclusion. The book
also includes a comprehensive bibliography. In addition to a
preface by Backhouse and Caldwell, the volume also
reproduces the obituary that was published in History of
Political Economy, a memoir published in 1996, and an
interview with Grant Fleming, published the previous year.
Together, the introductory materials, articles and reviews
serve as a fitting tribute to the body of work of Bob
Coats.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203796573},
Key = {fds357307}
}
@misc{fds357304,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Caldwell, B and Goodwin, C and Rutherford,
M},
Title = {Introduction: A. W. (Bob) Coats, 1924-2007},
Pages = {1-20},
Booktitle = {The Historiography of Economics: British and American
Economic Essays, Volume III},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781138243767},
Key = {fds357304}
}
@misc{fds357305,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {The rhetoric of economists: A comment on
McCloskey},
Pages = {394-398},
Booktitle = {The Historiography of Economics: British and American
Economic Essays, Volume III},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781138243767},
Key = {fds357305}
}
@misc{fds357306,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Preface},
Pages = {ix},
Booktitle = {The Historiography of Economics: British and American
Economic Essays, Volume III},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781138243767},
Key = {fds357306}
}
@article{fds294293,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Of Positivism and the History of Economic
Thought},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {79},
Number = {4},
Pages = {753-767},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4284/0038-4038-2012.274},
Doi = {10.4284/0038-4038-2012.274},
Key = {fds294293}
}
@article{fds294287,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Studies on the abuse and decline of reason: Text and
documents},
Journal = {Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason: Text and
Documents},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {1-331},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203375242},
Abstract = {“The studies of which this book is the result have from
the beginning been guided by and in the end confirmed the
somewhat old-fashioned conviction of the author that it is
human ideas which govern the development of human
affairs,” Hayek wrote in his notes in 1940. Indeed,
Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason remains Hayek’s
greatest unfinished work and is here presented for the first
time under the expert editorship of Bruce
Caldwell.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203375242},
Key = {fds294287}
}
@misc{fds332746,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Insights from Friedrich Hayek},
Pages = {135-160},
Booktitle = {The Economic Crisis in Retrospect: Explanations by Great
Economists},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781782545323},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781782545330.00012},
Doi = {10.4337/9781782545330.00012},
Key = {fds332746}
}
@article{fds294310,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Keynes and Hayek: Some commonalities and
differences},
Journal = {Journal of Private Enterprise},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-7},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0890-913X},
Abstract = {In this paper I will reflect on the relationship, both
personal and intellectual, between John Maynard Keynes and
Friedrich Hayek. Although they were intellectual rivals, the
history of their relationship is more complex and nuanced
than the usual characterizations suggest.},
Key = {fds294310}
}
@article{fds294286,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {The Chicago school, Hayek, and neoliberalism},
Pages = {301-334},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139004077.018},
Abstract = {Friedrich A. Hayek taught at the University of Chicago from
the fall semester of 1950 through 1962, a period during
which the second, or new, Chicago School of Economics was
formed. The question naturally arises: What was his role in
its formation? A quick look at the historical record, and
common sense itself, suggests that it must have been close
to nil. Milton Friedman, whom many would consider the
central figure in the School, was hired in 1946, before
Hayek had arrived. Hayek tried to get a job in the economics
department in 1948, but they declined to make him an offer.
He ended up instead on the Committee on Social Thought.
During his time at Chicago (1950–1962) Hayek worked
principally on political philosophy rather than economics,
with The Constitution of Liberty (1960) being the end
result. And Hayek famously disagreed with the leader of the
Chicago School, Milton Friedman, on monetary theory and
methodology, two of the defining aspects of Friedman’s
legacy.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139004077.018},
Key = {fds294286}
}
@article{fds333308,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Review of robust political economy: Classical liberalism and
the future of public policy},
Journal = {Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-6},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1145-6396.1259},
Doi = {10.2202/1145-6396.1259},
Key = {fds333308}
}
@article{fds324689,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek on Socialism and on the Welfare State: A Comment on
Farrant and McPhail's 'Does F.A. Hayek's Road to Serfdom
Deserve to Make a Comeback?'},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds324689}
}
@book{fds305978,
Title = {Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason},
Volume = {13},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Caldwell, BJ},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {978-0-226-32109-7},
Key = {fds305978}
}
@article{fds294308,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {A skirmish in the Popper wars: Hutchison versus Caldwell on
Hayek, Popper, Mises, and methodology},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {315-324},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501780903129306},
Abstract = {The paper is a reminiscence of T.W. Hutchison by way of a
retrospective view of our debate over the relationship
between the ideas of Karl Popper, F. A. Hayek, and Ludwig
von Mises on methodology. Our dispute was part of a larger
debate over the relevance of Popper's thought for economic
methodology. Its place within the larger debate is also
explored. © 2009 Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780903129306},
Key = {fds294308}
}
@article{fds294309,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek on Mill},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {689-704},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2008-???},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2008-???},
Key = {fds294309}
}
@article{fds294285,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Some comments on Lawson's Reorienting Economics: Same facts,
different conclusions},
Volume = {9780203888773},
Pages = {13-19},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203888773},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203888773},
Key = {fds294285}
}
@article{fds294306,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Gordon Tullock's the Organization of Inquiry: A critical
appraisal},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {23-34},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-007-9244-z},
Abstract = {The major themes of Gordon Tullock's 1996 book The
Organization of Inquiry are identified. Tullock's treatment
of the philosophy of science is criticized, as is his
explanation for the backwardness of the social sciences
relative to the natural sciences. The paper closes with a
listing of some of Tullock's proposals for the reform of
science. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-007-9244-z},
Key = {fds294306}
}
@article{fds294307,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Life writings: On-the-job training with F.A.
Hayek},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {342-354},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2006-051},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2006-051},
Key = {fds294307}
}
@book{fds305979,
Author = {Hayek, FA and Caldwell, B},
Title = {The Road to Serfdom: Texts and Documents, The Definitive
Edition},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1-283},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Caldwell, BJ},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {9780415035286},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315728124},
Abstract = {A classic work in political philosophy, intellectual history
and economics, The Road to Serfdom has inspired and
infuriated politicians and scholars for half a century.
Originally published in 1944, it was seen as heretical for
its passionate warning against the dangers of state control
over the means of production. For Hayek, the collectivist
idea of empowering government with increasing economic
control would lead not to a utopia but to the horrors of
Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. This new edition includes a
foreword by series editor and leading Hayek scholar Bruce
Caldwell explaining the book's origins and publishing
history and assessing common misinterpretations of Hayek's
thought. Caldwell has also standardized and corrected
Hayek's references and added helpful new explanatory notes.
Supplemented with an appendix of related materials and
forewords to earlier editions by the likes of Milton
Friedman, and Hayek himself, this new edition of The Road to
Serfdom will be the definitive version of Friedrich Hayek's
enduring masterwork.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315728124},
Key = {fds305979}
}
@article{fds294304,
Author = {Caldwell, B and Reiss, J},
Title = {Notes and commentary: Hayek, logic, and the naturalistic
fallacy},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {359-370},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710600857864},
Doi = {10.1080/10427710600857864},
Key = {fds294304}
}
@article{fds294284,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek and the Austrian tradition},
Pages = {13-33},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521849772.002},
Abstract = {There are two elements of Hayek’s background that justify
our considering him an Austrian economist: first, that he
was raised and went to university in Vienna in the first
three decades of the twentieth century, and second, that
when he finally decided on economics as his field of study,
he was trained within the Austrian tradition in economics.
Hayek spent about a third of his life in Austria, mostly in
his early days. When he was thirty-two he moved to England,
where he would live for nearly twenty years. (He would later
say that it was the place he felt most at home, both
intellectually and emotionally.) From 1950 through 1962 he
lived in the United States, and then moved to Freiburg,
Germany, where (aside from a five-year period in Salzburg,
Austria - an altogether depressing time for him, both
emotionally and intellectually) he would spend the rest of
his life. So the first place to look for Hayek as a
distinctly Austrian figure is at the formative early period.
Accordingly, I will discuss his family background, his early
schooling, and his university days in Vienna. Within
economics, of course, the adjective “Austrian” also
signifies a specific school of thought. Once he had decided
that he would become an economist, Hayek received training
that would make him very much a product of that school. So a
second part of the story is to examine what being trained as
an Austrian economist might mean.},
Doi = {10.1017/CCOL0521849772.002},
Key = {fds294284}
}
@article{fds294305,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek, social science, and politics: Reply to Hill and
Friedman},
Journal = {Critical Review},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {377-390},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0891-3811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08913810608443666},
Abstract = {Hayek's case for the limits of economic agents' knowledge
does not, as Greg Hill seems to suggest, imply that
government should be in the business of engaging in
countercyclical fiscal policy or paternalistic corrections
of people's pursuit of "imaginary goods." In the latter
case, markets have corrective learning mechanisms for
consumer mistakes. In the former, public-choice and
public-ignorance problems plague government efforts to
correct the business cycle. The problem of public ignorance
is, in turn, Jeffrey Friedman's topic, but he is unfair in
condemning Hayek's abandonment of this problem in order to
develop his thesis that a "planning mentality" was the
source of the leftist ideas with which Hayek disagreed.
Hayek was confronted by widely popular planning schemes that
were endorsed by a great many of his colleagues, who were
not ignorant of economics. © 2007 Critical Review
Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1080/08913810608443666},
Key = {fds294305}
}
@article{fds294301,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {The Road to Serfdom symposium. Comment on papers by Rosser
and by Levy, Peart, and Farrant},
Journal = {European Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1054-1059},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.08.006},
Abstract = {The paper reviews the history of the socialist calculation
debate leading up to the publication of Hayek's The Road to
Serfdom, and then uses that information to address various
claims made by Rosser and Levy, Peart, and Farrant in their
symposium papers. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.08.006},
Key = {fds294301}
}
@article{fds294303,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Recovering popper: For the left?},
Journal = {Critical Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {49-68},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0891-3811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08913810508443627},
Abstract = {In his biography of Karl Popper, Malachi Hacohen brilliantly
reconstructs the development of Popper's ideas through 1946,
correcting many errors regarding the sequence of their
emergence. In addition he recreates Popper's Vienna and
provides insights into Popper's complex personality. A
larger goal of Hacohen's narrative is to show the relevance
of Popper's philosophical and political thought for the
left. Unfortunately this leads him to neglect and distort
certain aspects of the story he tells, particularly when it
comes to the relationship between Popper and F.A.
Hayek.},
Doi = {10.1080/08913810508443627},
Key = {fds294303}
}
@article{fds294299,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Some reflections on F.A. Hayek's The Sensory
Order},
Journal = {Journal of Bioeconomics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {239-254},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10818-004-5505-9},
Abstract = {Though F.A. Hayek is principally known for his work in
economics, he also made contributions, both positive and
critical, to the field of psychology. His most important
piece in the latter field is his 1952 book, The Sensory
Order. This paper attempts to locate The Sensory Order in
relation to some of Hayek's other works. The origins of
Hayek's interests in psychology, as revealed by an early
student paper that provided a starting point for his later
book, is noted. We then examine what may have motivated
Hayek some 25 years later to return to psychology. Finally,
the larger role that the book came to play in Hayek's
overall system is explored. © 2004 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10818-004-5505-9},
Key = {fds294299}
}
@article{fds294302,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayekian evolution reconsidered: A reply to
Hodgson},
Journal = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {301-305},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/28.2.301},
Abstract = {This is a reply to Geoffrey Hodgson's Comment on an earlier
paper by Caldwell (Hodgson on Hayek: a critique). Though
certain areas of agreement are noted, differences in
interpretation concerning Hayek's views on the
Malthus-Darwin relationship, on cultural evolution, on the
extent to which Hayek may be characterised as an ontogenist,
and on methodological individualism remain. © Cambridge
Political Economy Society 2004; all rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/cje/28.2.301},
Key = {fds294302}
}
@book{fds294290,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Hayek's Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F. A.
Hayek},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds294290}
}
@article{fds332747,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Wieser, hayek and equilibrium theory},
Journal = {Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-20},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1145-6396.1047},
Abstract = {The paper challenges Joseph Salerno’s recent revisionist
account in “The Place of Human Action in the Development
of Economic Thought” of the relationship between Friedrich
von Wieser and F.A. Hayek and of their views on equilibrium
theory. The paper argues, contra Salerno, that Wieser was
not a proponent of general equilibrium theory, so could not
have influenced Hayek in the manner Salerno suggests; that
there was not a concerted effort by Schumpeter, Wieser,
Mayer, and Hayek to advocate general equilibrium theory in
the prewar and inter-war years among the Austrians; and
finally, that Hayek’s early attraction to what he called
“equilibrium analysis” had causes independent of those
alleged by Salerno. © 2002 by Berkeley Electronic Press and
IES-Europe.},
Doi = {10.2202/1145-6396.1047},
Key = {fds332747}
}
@article{fds294300,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hodgson on Hayek: A critique},
Journal = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {539-553},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/25.4.539},
Abstract = {In his book Economics and Evolution, Geoffrey Hodgson offers
a detailed critique of F. A. Hayek's writings on cultural
evolution. Certain aspects of Hodgson's treatment appear to
be inaccurate. This paper criticises Hodgson's
critique.},
Doi = {10.1093/cje/25.4.539},
Key = {fds294300}
}
@article{fds294297,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {The emergence of hayek's ideas on cultural
evolution},
Journal = {Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-22},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0889-3047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007801212001},
Abstract = {F. A. Hayek's writings on cultural evolution are an
essential part of his work, and some aspects of these
writings (e.g., his defense of group selection) have
generated considerable controversy. This historical paper
traces the circumstances that led Hayek to introduce
cultural evolution and related ideas into his work. © 2000
Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1007801212001},
Key = {fds294297}
}
@article{fds294298,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Why Didn't Hayek Review Keynes's General
Theory?},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {545-569},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-30-4-545},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-30-4-545},
Key = {fds294298}
}
@article{fds294296,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek and Socialism},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1856-1890},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {I have received many helpful comments on this paper from
participants at the History of Economics Society meetings at
the University of British Columbia, at seminars given at the
University of Georgia, at the Austrian Colloquium at New
York University, at the York University-University of
Toronto Workshop on the History of Economics, and at the
Duke University History of Political Economy Workshop.
Extensive comments were also received from Peter Boettke,
William Butos, Neil De Marchi, Greg Ransom, and George
Selgin. All remaining errors are the responsibility of the
author.},
Key = {fds294296}
}
@article{fds331373,
Author = {Caldwell, B},
Title = {Hayek's scientific subjectivism},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {305-313},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266267100004764},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100004764},
Key = {fds331373}
}
@book{fds294289,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Beyond Positivism: Economic Methodology in the Twentieth
Century},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds294289}
}
@article{fds323132,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Post-Keynesian methodology: An assessment},
Journal = {Review of Political Economy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-64},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1989},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538258900000004},
Abstract = {The purpose of this article is to offer a preliminary
assessment of post-Keynesian methodology. This is undertaken
by initially defining and developing the methodological
perspective known as critical pluralism. It is argued that
post-Keynesians might well benefit from a better
understanding of the methodological views of other groups
within economics. © 1989, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/09538258900000004},
Key = {fds323132}
}
@article{fds294295,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Hayek's "The Trend of Economic Thinking"},
Journal = {The Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {175-178},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0889-3047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01539304},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01539304},
Key = {fds294295}
}
@article{fds345870,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {DEVELOPMENTS IN ECONOMIC METHODOLOGY WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR
POLITICAL SCIENCE},
Journal = {Politics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {43-48},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.1988.tb00242.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9256.1988.tb00242.x},
Key = {fds345870}
}
@article{fds349167,
Author = {Caldwell, BJ},
Title = {Some Problems with Falsificationism in Economics},
Journal = {Philosophy of the Social Sciences},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {489-495},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004839318401400404},
Doi = {10.1177/004839318401400404},
Key = {fds349167}
}
%% Chen, Xin
@article{fds167652,
Author = {J. R. Aldrich and A. K. Hrimian and X. Chen and M. J.
Camp},
Title = {Semiochemically based monitoring of the invasion of the
brown marmorated stink bug and unexpected attraction of the
native green stink bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in
Maryland},
Journal = {Florida Entomologist},
Number = {92},
Pages = {483-491},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167652}
}
@article{fds167649,
Author = {Yan Li and Quan Peng and Dija Selimi and Qi Wang and Amy Charkowski and Xin
Chen, Ching-Hong Yang},
Title = {The plant phenolic compound p-coumaric acid represses the
Dickeya dadantii type III secretion system},
Journal = {Applied & Environmental Microbiology},
Number = {75},
Pages = {1223-1228},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167649}
}
@article{fds167650,
Author = {John J. Arnold and Yash Choksi and Xin Chen and Atsushi Shimazaki and John Hatten and Eric J. Toone and David L. Epstein and Pratap
Challa},
Title = {Eyedrops containing SA9000 prodrugs result in sustained
reduction in intraocular pressure in rabbits},
Journal = {Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics},
Number = {25},
Pages = {179-186},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167650}
}
@article{fds167651,
Author = {Warren S. Warren and Elizabeth Jenista and Rosa Tamara Branca and Xin
Chen},
Title = {Increasing hyperpolarized spin lifetimes through true
singlet eigenstates},
Journal = {Science},
Number = {323},
Pages = {1711-1714},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167651}
}
@article{fds154696,
Author = {Xin Chen and David M. Gooden and Eric J. Toone},
Title = {An efficient large-scale synthesis of 4-[3-(trifluoro-methyl)-3H-diazirin-3-yl]benzoic
acid},
Journal = {Synthesis},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154696}
}
@misc{fds154700,
Author = {Adnan M. M. Mjalli and Robert C. Andrews and Ramesh Gopalaswamy and Anitha Hari and Kwasi Avor and Ghassan Qabaja and Xiao-Chuan Guo and Suparna Gupta and David R. Jones and Xin Chen},
Title = {Azole derivatives and fused bicyclic azole derivatives as
therapeutic agents},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154700}
}
@article{fds154699,
Author = {Weslyn C. Ward and Erin C. Lamb and David Gooden and Xin Chen and David
J. Burinsky and John D. Simon},
Title = {Quantification of naturally occurring pyrrole acids in
melanosomes},
Journal = {Photochemistry & Photobiology},
Number = {84},
Pages = {700-705},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154699}
}
%% Chuah, Hong L.
@article{fds26420,
Title = {Do Indirect Investment Barriers and Global Business Cycles
Drive Market Integration?},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~hlc3/Integration_Paper.pdf},
Abstract = {Market integration is affected by direct and indirect
investment barriers, and the global business cycle. Most
studies concentrate on direct barriers. This paper focuses
on three indirect barriers - country risk, trade openness
and stock market development - and two global factors -
world interest rates and world industrial production. It
compares them with three other integration indicators -
capital flows, foreign ownership restrictions and dividend
yields. I use multivariate GARCH methodology to estimate a
cross-sectional time-series empirical asset pricing model
that allows for time-varying integration. Results show that
country risk, trade openness and stock market development
are important for market integration. Country risk,
particularly political risk, is especially important in
emerging markets. Global interest rates affect integration
only in developed markets. In contrast, global industrial
production, capital flows, dividend yields and foreign
ownership restrictions have generally insignificant effects
on integration. My results suggest that market
liberalization must be accompanied by reforms that improve
political and macroeconomic stability and investor
protection to achieve integration.},
Key = {fds26420}
}
@article{fds26682,
Title = {Are International Equity Market Co-movements Driven by Real
or Financial Integration?},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {This paper studies whether real or financial integration can
explain the comovements of international equity markets. I
use a vector autoregressive model (VAR) to decompose
unexpected stock returns into cash-flow news and
expected-return news. Comovements of cash-flow
(expected-return) news is the proxy for real (financial)
integration. There are four main results. First,
international equity market comovements are increasing over
time. Second, financial integration is more important than
real integration. Third, financial integration is more
global while real integration is more regional. This
suggests that capital flows, which drive financial
integration, are more global while trade flows, which drive
real integration, tend to be regional. Fourth, emerging
markets are increasingly integrated with developed markets
after 1990. This suggests that recent market liberalizations
are successful in integrating emerging markets into the
global capital market.},
Key = {fds26682}
}
@article{fds26683,
Author = {H.L. Chuah and Van Can Thai},
Title = {Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from ECM
and VAR Causality Tests for the Gulf Cooperation Council
Countries},
Journal = {IMF Working Paper (under review)},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the causal relationship between
financial development and economic growth in the six member
countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Using time series
techniques such as ECM and VAR models for causality testing,
we find evidence of bi-directional causality in five
countries - Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and United
Arab Emirates and finance leading growth in Qatar. The
results are, however, very much country-specific and are
dependent on proxy chosen for financial development or
economic growth. These results indicate that GCC countries
should continue to promote financial development while
pursuing the needed accompanying reforms to develop the real
sector with special attention paid to the specificity of
their individual economic and financial conditions and
institutions.},
Key = {fds26683}
}
%% Clotfelter, Charles T.
@article{fds373880,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Clifton, CR},
Title = {RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN STUDENT ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY
TEACHERS},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {738-752},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00402},
Abstract = {Access to high-quality teachers in K–12 schools differs
systematically by racial group. This policy brief reviews
the academic research documenting these differences and the
labor market forces and segregation patterns that solidify
them. It also presents new analysis of differential exposure
in North Carolina of white, black, and Hispanic students to
teachers with different quality-related credentials across
five grade–subject combinations. White students are most
often in classrooms taught by teachers with strong
credentials and least often by those with weak credentials,
not only across the state as a whole, but also within most
of the state’s counties, especially those whose schools
are most segregated by race. To address such disparities,
decision makers at all three levels— state, district, and
school—have various policy options to consider, with each
level having an important role to play.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00402},
Key = {fds373880}
}
@article{fds361295,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF and Turaeva,
MR},
Title = {School Segregation in the Era of Color-Blind Jurisprudence
and School Choice},
Journal = {Urban Affairs Review},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {406-446},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10780874211049510},
Abstract = {The decades-long resistance to federally imposed school
desegregation entered a new phase at the turn of the new
century. At that time, federal courts stopped pushing racial
balance as a remedy for past segregation and adopted in its
place a color-blind approach to evaluating school district
assignment plans. Using data that span 1998 to 2016 from
North Carolina, one of the first states to come under this
color-blind dictum, we examine the ways in which households
and policymakers took actions that had the effect of
reducing the amount of interracial contact in K-12 schools
within counties. We divide these reductions in interracial
contact into portions due to the private school and charter
school sectors, the existence of multiple school districts,
and racial disparities between schools within districts and
sectors. For most counties, the last of these proves to be
the biggest, though in some counties private schools,
charter schools, or multiple districts played a deciding
role. In addition, we decompose segregation in the state's
11 metropolitan areas, finding that more than half can be
attributed to racial disparities inside school districts. We
also measure segregation by economic status, finding that
it, like racial segregation, increased in the largest urban
counties, but elsewhere changed little over the
period.},
Doi = {10.1177/10780874211049510},
Key = {fds361295}
}
@article{fds374585,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Better State Lotteries},
Journal = {Public Finance Review},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10911421231206030},
Abstract = {Over the last three decades, a little-noted change has taken
place in state lotteries. This change is an increase in the
average payout rate, the share of sales that is returned to
players in the form of prizes. Because it reduces the rate
of implicit taxation on lottery purchases and its
accompanying welfare loss, this change has inadvertently
made lotteries better, or at least less objectionable. This
paper reviews the normative case for reducing the implied
tax, documents the rise in payout rates across the United
States, offers an explanation for that rise, notes the
starring role played by instant games, illustrates its
effect on the regressivity of lottery finance, and documents
the surprising correlation between the price of instant
games and their payout rates.},
Doi = {10.1177/10911421231206030},
Key = {fds374585}
}
@article{fds354914,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Clifton, CR and Turaeva,
MR},
Title = {School Segregation at the Classroom Level in a Southern
‘New Destination’ State},
Journal = {Race and Social Problems},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-160},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12552-020-09309-w},
Abstract = {Using detailed administrative data for public schools, we
document racial and ethnic segregation at the classroom
level in North Carolina, a state that has experienced a
sharp increase in Hispanic enrollment. We decompose
classroom-level segregation in counties into within-school
and between-school components. We find that the
within-school component accounted for a sizable share of
total segregation in middle schools and high schools.
Recognizing its importance could temper the praise for
school assignment policies that reduce racial disparities
between schools but allow large disparities within them.
More generally, we observe between the two components a
complementary relationship, with one component tending to be
large when the other one is small. Comparing the degree of
segregation for the state’s two largest racial/ethnic
minority groups, we find that white/Hispanic segregation was
more severe than white/black segregation, particularly
within schools. Finally, we examine enrollment patterns by
course and show that school segregation brings with it
differences by race and ethnicity in the courses that
students take, with white students more likely to be
enrolled in advanced classes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12552-020-09309-w},
Key = {fds354914}
}
@article{fds348768,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Raising the bar for college admission: North Carolina’s
increase in minimum math course requirements},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {492-521},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00258},
Abstract = {We explore the effects of a statewide policy change that
increased the number of high school math courses required
for admission to four-year public universities in North
Carolina. Using data on cohorts of eighth-grade students
from 1999 to 2006, we exploit variation by district over
time in the math course-taking environment encountered by
students. Purely as a result of a student’s year of birth
and location, students faced different probabilities of
encountering a sequence of math courses sufficient to
qualify for admission. Within an instrumental variables
setup, we examine effects of this policy shift. We find that
students took more math courses in high school following the
state’s announcement, with relatively larger increases for
students in the middle and bottom quintiles of their
eighth-grade math test scores. Our results suggest this
increased math course-taking led to higher high school
graduation rates. It also led to increases in enrollment
rates at universities in the University of North Carolina
system, with the largest increases being in the quintiles of
student achievement from which universities were already
drawing the bulk of their enrollees. Finally, we find scant
evidence of boosts in post-enrollment college performance
due to increased math course-taking in high
school.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00258},
Key = {fds348768}
}
@book{fds368485,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Big-Time Sports in American Universities, Second
Edition},
Pages = {1-374},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781108421126},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108366847},
Doi = {10.1017/9781108366847},
Key = {fds368485}
}
@article{fds333290,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF},
Title = {MULTIFACETED AID FOR LOW-INCOME STUDENTS AND COLLEGE
OUTCOMES: EVIDENCE FROM NORTH CAROLINA},
Pages = {278-303},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12486},
Abstract = {We study the evolution of a campus-based aid program for
low-income students that began with grant-heavy financial
aid and later added a suite of nonfinancial supports. We
find little to no evidence that program eligibility during
the early years (2004–2006), in which students received
additional institutional grant aid and few nonfinancial
supports, improved postsecondary progress, performance, or
completion. In contrast, program-eligible students in more
recent cohorts (2007–2010), when the program supplemented
grant-heavy aid with an array of nonfinancial supports, were
more likely to meet credit accumulation benchmarks toward
timely graduation and earned higher grade point averages
than their barely ineligible counterparts. (JEL I21, I23,
I24, J08).},
Doi = {10.1111/ecin.12486},
Key = {fds333290}
}
@article{fds325772,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Clotfelter, CT and Holbein, JB},
Title = {The growing segmentation of the charter school sector in
North Carolina},
Pages = {536-563},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00226},
Abstract = {A defining characteristic of charter schools is that they
introduce a strong market element into public education. In
this paper, we examine through the lens of a market model
the evolution of the charter school sector in North Carolina
between 1999 and 2012. We examine trends in the mix of
students enrolled in charter schools, the racial imbalance
of charter schools, patterns in student match quality by
schools’ racial composition, and the distributions of test
score performance gains compared to those in traditional
public schools. In addition, we use student fixed effects
models to examine plausibly causal measures of charter
school effectiveness. Our findings indicate that charter
schools in North Carolina are increasingly serving the
interests of relatively able white students in racially
imbalanced schools and that despite improvements in the
charter school sector over time, charter schools are still
no more effective on average than traditional public
schools.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00226},
Key = {fds325772}
}
@article{fds339725,
Author = {Brint, S and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Overview of the volume},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-40},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2016.2.1.02},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2016.2.1.02},
Key = {fds339725}
}
@article{fds339726,
Author = {Brint, S and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {U.S. Higher education effectiveness},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-37},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2016.2.1.01},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2016.2.1.01},
Key = {fds339726}
}
@article{fds321801,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Muschkin, C and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Developmental education in North Carolina community
colleges},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {354-375},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373714547267},
Abstract = {This article contributes to the empirical literature on
remediation in community colleges by using policy variation
across North Carolina’s community colleges to examine how
remediation affects various outcomes for traditional-age
college students. We find that being required to take a
remedial course (as we define it in this article) either in
math or in English significantly reduces a student’s
probability of success in college and also the probability
that a student ever passes a college-level math or English
course. Among students who are required to take a remedial
course in their first semester, however, we find no adverse
effects on the probability of returning for another
semester. We also find differential effects by a student’s
prior achievement level, family income, and gender. Despite
methodological differences, our main findings are generally
consistent with, albeit somewhat more negative, than those
from prior studies based on regression discontinuity
designs.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373714547267},
Key = {fds321801}
}
@misc{fds266114,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {The aftermath of accelerating algebra: Evidence from
district policy initiatives},
Pages = {159-188},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.50.1.159},
Abstract = {The proportion of students taking a first algebra course in
middle school has doubled over the past generation and there
have been calls to make eighth grade algebra universal. We
use significant policy shifts in the timing of algebra in
two large North Carolina districts to infer the impact of
accelerated entry into algebra on student performance in
math courses as students progress through high school. We
find no evidence of a positive mean impact of acceleration
in any specification and significant negative effects on
performance in both Algebra I and the traditional followup
course, Geometry. Accelerating algebra to middle school
appears benign or beneficial for higherperforming students
but unambiguously harmful to the lowest performers. We
consider whether the effects reflect the reliance on
less-qualified teachers and conclude that this mechanism
explains only a small fraction of the result.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.50.1.159},
Key = {fds266114}
}
@misc{fds322264,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Milliken and the prospects for racial diversity in U.S.
public schools},
Pages = {315-337},
Booktitle = {The Pursuit of Racial and Ethnic Equality in American Public
Schools: Mendez, Brown, and Beyond},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781611861808},
Key = {fds322264}
}
@misc{fds266130,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Muschkin, CG and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Success in Community College: Do Institutions
Differ?},
Journal = {Research in Higher Education},
Volume = {54},
Number = {7},
Pages = {805-824},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0361-0365},
url = {http://www.caldercenter.org/sites/default/files/wp74.pdf},
Abstract = {Community colleges are complex organizations and assessing
their performance, though important, is difficult. Compared
to 4-year colleges and universities, community colleges
serve a more diverse population and provide a wider variety
of educational programs that include continuing education
and technical training for adults, and diplomas, associates
degrees, and transfer credits for recent high school
graduates. Focusing solely on the latter programs of North
Carolina's community colleges, we measure the success of
each college along two dimensions: attainment of an applied
diploma or degree; or completion of the coursework required
to transfer to a 4-year college or university. We address
three questions. First, how much variation is there across
the institutions in these measures of student success?
Second, how do these measures of success differ across
institutions after we adjust for the characteristics of the
enrolled students? Third, how do our measures compare to the
measures of success used by the North Carolina Community
College System? Although we find variation along both
dimensions of success, we also find that part of this
variation is attributable to differences in the kinds of
students who attend various colleges. Once we correct for
such differences, we find that it is not possible to
distinguish most of the system's colleges from one another
along either dimension. Top-performing institutions,
however, can be distinguished from the most poorly
performing ones. Finally, our adjusted rates of success show
little correlation either to measurable aspects of the
various colleges or to the metrics used by the state. ©
2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11162-013-9295-6},
Key = {fds266130}
}
@article{fds266121,
Author = {Berube, M and Brown, GS and Clotfelter, C and Finkin, MW and Nelson, CR and Newfield, C and Wood, DD and Rabban, DM and Ehrenberg, RG and Kurland,
JE},
Title = {The role of the faculty in conditions of financial
exigency},
Journal = {Academe},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {120-147},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0190-2946},
Key = {fds266121}
}
@misc{fds266110,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Comments},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {196-198},
Booktitle = {Collective Decision Making: Applications from Public Choice
Theory},
Publisher = {RFF Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781315064468},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315064468},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315064468},
Key = {fds266110}
}
@misc{fds220317,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {"Sports Enhance School Loyalty"},
Journal = {New York Times Room for Debate Blog},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds220317}
}
@misc{fds220318,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {"Diehard Fans and the Ivory Tower’s Populist
Reach"},
Journal = {unpublished paper},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds220318}
}
@misc{fds220315,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {"Racial and Economic Imbalance in Charlotte's Schools:
1994-2012"},
Booktitle = {Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow: The Past, Present, and
Future of School (De)segregation in Charlotte},
Publisher = {Harvard Educational Press},
Editor = {Rosyln Arlin Mickelson and Stephen Samuel Smith and Amy Hawn
Nelson},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds220315}
}
@misc{fds220316,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {Racial and Economic Diversity in North Carolina's Schools:
An Update},
Series = {Sanford School Working Paper},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds220316}
}
@article{fds325773,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Algebra for 8th Graders: Evidence on its Effects from 10
North Carolina Districts},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325773}
}
@article{fds266139,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {New destinations, new trajectories? The educational progress
of Hispanic youth in North Carolina.},
Journal = {Child development},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1608-1622},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966926},
Abstract = {Since 1990, Latin American immigrants to the United States
have dispersed beyond traditional gateway regions to a
number of "new destinations." Both theory and past empirical
evidence provide mixed guidance as to whether the children
of these immigrants are adversely affected by residing in a
nontraditional destination. This study uses administrative
public school data to study over 2,800 8- to 18-year-old
Hispanic youth in one new destination, North Carolina.
Conditional on third-grade socioeconomic indicators,
Hispanic youth who arrive by age 9 and remain enrolled in
North Carolina public schools close achievement gaps with
socioeconomically similar White students by sixth grade and
exhibit significantly lower high school dropout rates. Their
performance resembles that of first-generation youth in more
established immigration gateways.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01797.x},
Key = {fds266139}
}
@misc{fds212532,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {"Why college sports are impervious to reform"},
Journal = {Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; also: Des Moines
Register},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds212532}
}
@misc{fds212534,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {“After Playoff, What’s Left to Reform in Big-Time
College Sports?”},
Journal = {Atlanta Journal-Constitution; also: Des Moines Register;
Durham Herald-Sun},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds212534}
}
@misc{fds212535,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {“Even in Death, College Sports Fans Remain
Die-Hards"},
Journal = {Indianapolis Star; also: News and Observer, Newark
Star-Ledger},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds212535}
}
@misc{fds212538,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter and H.F. Ladd and J.L. Vigdor},
Title = {"The Aftermath of Accelerating Algebra: Evidence from a
District Policy Initiative"},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper},
Number = {18161},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds212538}
}
@misc{fds219643,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {“Synopsis Paper,” Context for Success
Project,},
Journal = {HCM Strategists, September 2012},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.hcmstrategists.com/contextforsuccess/papers/SYNOPSIS_PAPER.pdf.},
Key = {fds219643}
}
@book{fds266112,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {After "Brown": The rise and retreat of school
desegregation},
Pages = {1-278},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780691126371},
Abstract = {The United States Supreme Court's 1954 landmark decision,
Brown v. Board of Education, set into motion a process of
desegregation that would eventually transform American
public schools. This book provides a comprehensive and
up-to-date assessment of how Brown's most visible
effect--contact between students of different racial
groups--has changed over the fifty years since the decision.
Using both published and unpublished data on school
enrollments from across the country, Charles Clotfelter uses
measures of interracial contact, racial isolation, and
segregation to chronicle the changes. He goes beyond
previous studies by drawing on heretofore unanalyzed
enrollment data covering the first decade after Brown,
calculating segregation for metropolitan areas rather than
just school districts, accounting for private schools,
presenting recent information on segregation within schools,
and measuring segregation in college enrollment. Two main
conclusions emerge. First, interracial contact in American
schools and colleges increased markedly over the period,
with the most dramatic changes occurring in the previously
segregated South. Second, despite this change, four main
factors prevented even larger increases: white reluctance to
accept racially mixed schools, the multiplicity of options
for avoiding such schools, the willingness of local
officials to accommodate the wishes of reluctant whites, and
the eventual loss of will on the part of those who had been
the strongest protagonists in the push for desegregation.
Thus decreases in segregation within districts were
partially offset by growing disparities between districts
and by selected increases in private school
enrollment.},
Key = {fds266112}
}
@article{fds266123,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {After 'Brown': The rise and retreat of school
desegregation},
Journal = {After 'Brown': The Rise and Retreat of School
Desegregation},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {The United States Supreme Court's 1954 landmark decision,
Brown v. Board of Education, set into motion a process of
desegregation that would eventually transform American
public schools. This book provides a comprehensive and
up-to-date assessment of how Brown's most visible
effect--contact between students of different racial
groups--has changed over the fifty years since the decision.
Using both published and unpublished data on school
enrollments from across the country, Charles Clotfelter uses
measures of interracial contact, racial isolation, and
segregation to chronicle the changes. He goes beyond
previous studies by drawing on heretofore unanalyzed
enrollment data covering the first decade after Brown,
calculating segregation for metropolitan areas rather than
just school districts, accounting for private schools,
presenting recent information on segregation within schools,
and measuring segregation in college enrollment. © 2004 by
Princeton University Press. All Rights Reserved.},
Key = {fds266123}
}
@misc{fds266140,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher Mobility, school Segregation, and Pay-Based policies
to level the playing field},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {399-438},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/EDFP_a_00040},
Abstract = {Research has consistently shown that teacher quality is
distributed very unevenly among schools, to the clear
disadvantage of minority students and those from low-income
families. Using North Carolina data on the length of time
individual teachers remain in their schools, we examine the
potential for using salary differentials to overcome this
pattern. We conclude that salary differentials are a far
less effective tool for retaining teachers with strong
preservice qualifications than for retaining other teachers
in schools with high proportions of minority students.
Consequently large salary differences would be needed to
level the playing field when schools are segregated. This
conclusion reflects our finding that teachers with stronger
qualifications are both more responsive to the racial and
socioeconomic mix of a school's students and less responsive
to salary than are their less-qualified counterparts when
making decisions about remaining in their current school,
moving to another school or district, or leaving the
teaching profession. © 2011 Association for Education
Finance and Policy.},
Doi = {10.1162/EDFP_a_00040},
Key = {fds266140}
}
@misc{fds266111,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Big-Time sports in American Universities},
Pages = {1-313},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107004344},
url = {http://big-timesports.com},
Abstract = {For almost a century, big-time college sport has been a
wildly popular but consistently problematic part of American
higher education. The challenges it poses to traditional
academic values have been recognized from the start, but
they have grown more ominous in recent decades, as cable
television has become ubiquitous, commercial opportunities
have proliferated and athletic budgets have ballooned.
Drawing on new research findings, this book takes a fresh
look at the role of commercial sports in American
universities. It shows that, rather than being the
inconsequential student activity that universities often
imply that it is, big-time sport has become a core function
of the universities that engage in it. For this reason, the
book takes this function seriously and presents evidence
necessary for a constructive perspective about its value.
Although big-time sport surely creates worrying conflicts in
values, it also brings with it some surprising positive
consequences.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511976902},
Key = {fds266111}
}
@misc{fds199869,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {It's Madness as Universities Play for Pay},
Journal = {Seattle Times; Toronto Globe and Mail},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds199869}
}
@misc{fds199870,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {NCAA Vilations Won't Stop until University Trustees
Act},
Journal = {Atlanta Journal-Constitution},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds199870}
}
@misc{fds186819,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {Uncle Sam Takes One for the Team},
Journal = {Washington Post},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/30/AR2010123003252.html},
Key = {fds186819}
}
@misc{fds266125,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Is Sports in Your Mission Statement?},
Publisher = {The Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7529 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266125}
}
@misc{fds184517,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter and H.F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {"Teacher Credentials and Student Achievement in High School:
A Cross Subject Analysis with Fixed Effects"},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {655-681},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds184517}
}
@article{fds266142,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher credentials and student achievement in high school:
A cross-subject analysis with student fixed
effects},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {655-681},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.45.3.655},
Abstract = {We use data on statewide end-of-course tests in North
Carolina to examine the relationship between teacher
credentials and student achievement at the high school
level. We find compelling evidence that teacher credentials,
particularly licensure and certification, affects student
achievement in systematic ways and that the magnitudes are
large enough to be policy relevant. Our findings imply that
the uneven distribution of teacher credentials by race and
socioeconomic status of high school students-a pattern we
also document-contributes to achievement gaps in high
school. In addition, some troubling findings emerge related
to the gender and race of the teachers. © 2010 by the Board
of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.45.3.655},
Key = {fds266142}
}
@book{fds223667,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and (ed.)},
Title = {American Universities in a Global Market},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds223667}
}
@book{fds223668,
Author = {Charle T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Credentials and Student Achievement in High School:
A Cross Subject Analysis with Fixed Effects},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {655-681},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds223668}
}
@misc{fds266126,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {80 years of trade-offs in college sports},
Publisher = {The Atlanta Journal-Constitution},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7527 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266126}
}
@misc{fds166978,
Author = {C.T. Clotfelter},
Title = {“Hold That Line? For 80 Years, Universities
Haven’t”},
Journal = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds166978}
}
@article{fds266138,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {The academic achievement gap in grades 3 to
8},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {398-419},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest.91.2.398},
Abstract = {Using data for North Carolina public school students in
grades 3 to 8, we examine achievement gaps between white
students and students from other racial and ethnic groups.
We focus on cohorts of students who stay in the state's
public schools for all six years. While the black-white gaps
are sizable and robust, both Hispanic and Asian students
tend to gain on whites as they progress in school. Beyond
simple mean differences, we find that the racial gaps in
math between low-performing students have tended to shrink
as students progress through school, while those for
high-performing students have generally widened. © 2009 by
the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.91.2.398},
Key = {fds266138}
}
@article{fds325768,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the United
States?},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-149},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2009.4.2.115},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Using detailed data from North Carolina, we examine
the frequency, incidence, and consequences of teacher
absences in public schools as well as the impact of a policy
designed to reduce absences. The incidence of teacher
absences is regressive: when schools are ranked by the
fraction of students receiving free or reduced price
lunches, teachers in the lowest income quartile average
almost one extra sick day per school year than teachers in
the highest income quartile, and schools with persistently
high rates of teacher absence were much more likely to serve
low-income than high-income students. In regression models
incorporating teacher fixed effects, absences are associated
with lower student achievement in elementary grades.
Finally, we present evidence that the demand for
discretionary absences is price elastic. Our estimates
suggest that a policy intervention that simultaneously
raises teacher base salaries and broadens financial
penalties for absences could both raise teachers' expected
incomes and lower districts' expected costs.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp.2009.4.2.115},
Key = {fds325768}
}
@misc{fds331194,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Classroom-level segregation and resegregation in North
Carolina},
Pages = {70-86},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780807829530},
Key = {fds331194}
}
@misc{fds167016,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {"Hold That Line? For 80 Years, Universities Haven’t,”
Raleigh News and Observer, October 22, 2009; also published
as “College Athletics under Fire,” Pittsburgh
Post-Gazette, October 25, 2009; “80 Years of Trade-Offs in
College Sports,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, November
27, 2009},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167016}
}
@article{fds266144,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Glennie, E and Ladd, H and Vigdor,
J},
Title = {Would higher salaries keep teachers in high-poverty schools?
Evidence from a policy intervention in North
Carolina},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {1352-1370},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.07.003},
Abstract = {For a three-year time period beginning in 2001, North
Carolina awarded an annual bonus of $1800 to certified math,
science and special education teachers working in public
secondary schools with either high-poverty rates or low test
scores. Using longitudinal data on teachers, we estimate
hazard models that identify the impact of this differential
pay by comparing turnover patterns before and after the
program's implementation, across eligible and ineligible
categories of teachers, and across eligible and
barely-ineligible schools. Results suggest that this bonus
payment was sufficient to reduce mean turnover rates of the
targeted teachers by 17%. Experienced teachers exhibited the
strongest response to the program. Finally, the effect of
the program may have been at least partly undermined by the
state's failure to fully educate teachers regarding the
eligibility criteria. Our estimates most likely underpredict
the potential outcome of a program of permanent salary
differentials operating under complete information. © 2007
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.07.003},
Key = {fds266144}
}
@article{fds266143,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Glennie, EJ and Ladd, HF and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Teacher bonuses and teacher retention in low-performing
schools: Evidence from the North Carolina $1,800 teacher
bonus program},
Journal = {Public Finance Review},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-87},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1091-1421},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142106291662},
Abstract = {Between 2001 and 2004, the state of North Carolina gave an
annual salary bonus of $1,800 to certified math, science,
and special education teachers in a set of low-performing
and/or high-poverty secondary schools. Eligible teachers
were to continue receiving the bonus as long as they
continued in the school. In a survey of teachers and
principals, the authors find evidence that school personnel
favor the use of monetary incentives to increase the
attractiveness of their workplace but were skeptical that
the amount of the bonus would be sufficient to reduce the
high turnover rates in their schools. Preliminary evidence
on turnover rates supports this skepticism. Given that the
survey evidence reveals widespread misunderstanding of the
retention incentives incorporated into the program, the
authors conclude that the bonus program was hampered by a
series of flaws in design and implementation. © 2008 Sage
Publications.},
Doi = {10.1177/1091142106291662},
Key = {fds266143}
}
@article{fds266141,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {School Segregation Under Color-blind Jurisprudence: The Case
of North Carolina},
Journal = {Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the
Law},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {46-86},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266141}
}
@misc{fds266137,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher credentials and student achievement: Longitudinal
analysis with student fixed effects},
Pages = {673-682},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0272-7757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.10.002},
Abstract = {We use a rich administrative dataset from North Carolina to
explore questions related to the relationship between
teacher characteristics and credentials on the one hand and
student achievement on the other. Though the basic questions
underlying this research are not new-and, indeed, have been
explored in many papers over the years within the rubric of
the "education production function"-the availability of data
on all teachers and students in North Carolina over a
10-year period allows us to explore them in more detail than
has been possible in previous studies. We conclude that a
teacher's experience, test scores and regular licensure all
have positive effects on student achievement, with larger
effects for math than for reading. Taken together the
various teacher credentials exhibit quite large effects on
math achievement, whether compared to the effects of changes
in class size or to the socio-economic characteristics of
students.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.10.002},
Key = {fds266137}
}
@article{fds140237,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob
L.Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Credentials and Student Achievement in High School:
A Cross-Subject Analysis with Student Fixed
Effects},
Number = {13617},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds140237}
}
@article{fds340422,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the
U.S.?},
Number = {13648},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Using detailed data from North Carolina, we examine the
frequency, incidence, and consequences of teacher absences
in public schools, as well as the impact of an absence
disincentive policy. The incidence of teacher absences is
regressive: schools in the poorest quartile averaged almost
one extra sick day per teacher than schools in the highest
income quartile, and schools with persistently high rates of
teacher absence were much more likely to serve low-income
than high-income students. In regression models
incorporating teacher fixed effects, absences are associated
with lower student achievement in elementary grades.
Finally, we present evidence that the demand for
discretionary absences is price-elastic. Our estimates
suggest that a policy intervention that simultaneously
raised teacher base salaries and broadened financial
penalties for absences could both raise teachers' expected
income and lower districts' expected costs.},
Key = {fds340422}
}
@misc{fds140242,
Author = {Also as: Chemerinsky and Erwin and Charles Clotfelter},
Title = {"The Death of Desegregation"},
Journal = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds140242}
}
@article{fds266145,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL and Wheeler,
J},
Title = {High Poverty Schools and the Distribution of Teachers and
Principals},
Journal = {North Carolina Law Review},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1345-1380},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266145}
}
@misc{fds266129,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Cook, Philip J.},
Title = {What if the Lottery were Run for Lottery
Players?},
Publisher = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7523 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266129}
}
@misc{fds140260,
Title = {Research cited in Parents Involved in Community Schools v.
Seattle School District No. 1 et al. (551 U.S.), June 28,
2007 in the concurring opinion of Justice Thomas, p. 23, and
in the dissenting opinion of Justice Breyer, p.
69.},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds140260}
}
@misc{fds266118,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Patron or Bully? The Role of Foundations in Higher
Education},
Pages = {211-248},
Booktitle = {Reconnecting Education & Foundations: Turning Good
Intentions Into Educational Capital},
Publisher = {Jossey-Bass},
Editor = {Ray Bacchetti and Thomas Ehrlich},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266118}
}
@misc{fds266116,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Chemerinsky, E},
Title = {The Death of Segregation},
Journal = {News & Observer},
Pages = {A10},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266116}
}
@misc{fds266117,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Chemerinsky, E},
Title = {Abandoning the Promise},
Journal = {Baltimore Sun},
Pages = {15A},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266117}
}
@article{fds266119,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor, J},
Title = {How and Why Do Teacher Credentials Matter for Student
Achievement?},
Number = {12828},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w12828},
Abstract = {Education researchers and policy makers agree that teachers
differ in terms of quality and that quality matters for
student achievement. Despite prodigious amounts of research,
however, debate still persists about the causal relationship
between specific teacher credentials and student
achievement. In this paper, we use a rich administrative
data set from North Carolina to explore a range of questions
related to the relationship between teacher characteristics
and credentials on the one hand and student achievement on
the other. Though the basic questions underlying this
research are not new - and, indeed, have been explored in
many papers over the years within the rubric of the
"education production function" - the availability of data
on all teachers and students in North Carolina over a
ten-year period allows us to explore them in more detail and
with far more confidence than has been possible in previous
studies. We conclude that a teacher's experience, test
scores and regular licensure all have positive effects on
student achievement, with larger effects for math than for
reading. Taken together the various teacher credentials
exhibit quite large effects on math achievement, whether
compared to the effects of changes in class size or to the
socio-economics characteristics of students, as measured,
for example, by the education level of their
parents.},
Key = {fds266119}
}
@misc{fds266127,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, Helen and Vigdor, Jacob},
Title = {Surprising Success Among Hispanic students},
Publisher = {Duke Today},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7526 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266127}
}
@article{fds51109,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Elizabeth Glennie and Helen Ladd and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Would Higher Salaries Keep Teachers in High-Poverty Schools?
Evidence from a Policy Intervention in North
Carolina},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper 12285},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12285},
Abstract = {For a three-year time period beginning in 2001, North
Carolina awarded an annual bonus of $1,800 to certified
math, science and special education teachers working in high
poverty or academically failing public secondary schools.
Using longitudinal data on teachers, we estimate hazard
models that identify the impact of this differential pay by
comparing turnover patterns before and after the program’s
implementation, across eligible and ineligible categories of
teachers, and across eligible and barely-ineligible schools.
Results suggest that this bonus payment was sufficient to
reduce mean turnover rates of the targeted teachers by 12%.
Experienced teachers exhibited the strongest response to the
program. Finally, the effect of the program may have been at
least partly undermined by the state’s failure to fully
educate teachers regarding the eligibility criteria. Our
estimates most likely underpredict the potential outcome of
a program of permanent salary differentials operating under
complete information.},
Key = {fds51109}
}
@article{fds51110,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {The Academic Achievement Gap in Grades 3 to
8},
Journal = {NBER Working Paper 12207},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/W12207},
Abstract = {Using data for North Carolina public school students in
grades 3 to 8, we examine achievement gaps between white
students and students from other racial and ethnic groups.
We focus on successive cohorts of students who stay in the
state's public schools for all six years, and study both
differences in means and in quantiles. Our results on
achievement gaps between black and white students are
consistent with those from other longitudinal studies: the
gaps are sizable, are robust to controls for measures of
socioeconomic status, and show no monotonic trend between
3rd and 8th grade. In contrast, both Hispanic and Asian
students tend to gain on whites as they progress through
these grades. Looking beyond simple mean differences, we
find that the racial gaps between low-performing students
have tended to shrink as students progress through school,
while racial gaps between high-performing students have
widened. Racial gaps differ widely across geographic areas
within the state; very few of the districts or groups of
districts that we examined have managed simultaneously to
close the black-white gap and raise the relative test scores
of black students.},
Key = {fds51110}
}
@misc{fds52883,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Jacob Vigdor},
Title = {"Surprising Progress Among Hispanic Students"},
Journal = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds52883}
}
@misc{fds52884,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Helen Ladd and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {“Latinos’ School Performance Progressive, Not Stagnant,
Study Suggests”},
Journal = {Contra Costa Times},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds52884}
}
@article{fds266136,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor., J},
Title = {Federal Oversight, Local Control, and the Specter of
'Resegregation' in Southern},
Journal = {American Law & Economics Review},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-43},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1465-7252},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6930 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Analyzing data for the 100 largest districts in the South
and Border states, we ask whether there is evidence of
"resegregation" of school districts and whether levels of
segregation can be linked to judicial decisions. We
distinguish segregation measures based on racial isolation
from those based on racial imbalance. Only one measure of
racial isolation suggests that districts in these regions
experienced resegregation between 1994 and 2004, and changes
in this measure appear to be driven largely by the rising
nonwhite percentage in the student population rather than by
district policies. Although we find no time trend in racial
imbalance over this period, we find that variations in
racial imbalance across districts are nonetheless associated
with judicial declarations of unitary status, suggesting
that segregation in schools might have declined had it not
been for the actions of federal courts. © 2006 Oxford
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahl002},
Key = {fds266136}
}
@article{fds266170,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor., J},
Title = {Teacher-Student Matching and the Assessment of Teacher
Effectiveness},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {778-820},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/jhr/toc2006.html},
Abstract = {Administrative data on fifth grade students in North
Carolina shows that more highly qualified teachers tend to
be matched with more advantaged students, both across
schools and in many cases within them. This matching biases
estimates of the relationship between teacher
characteristics and achievement; we isolate this bias in
part by focusing on schools where students are distributed
relatively evenly across classrooms. Teacher experience is
consistently associated with achievement; teacher licensure
test scores associate with math achievement. These returns
display a form of heterogeneity across students that may
help explain why the observed form of teacher-student
matching persists in equilibrium. © 2006 by the Board of
Regents of the University of Wisconsin System.},
Key = {fds266170}
}
@misc{fds266115,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Gambling Taxes},
Pages = {84-119},
Booktitle = {Theory and Practice of Excise Taxation: Smoking, Drinking,
Gambling, Polluting, and Driving},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Sijbren Cnossen},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780199278596},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0199278598.003.0004},
Abstract = {Gambling has experienced rapid growth in recent decades,
marked by the legalization of heretofore forbidden games and
increasing rates of participation among households. This
legalization is invariably accompanied by both regulation
and taxation. Governments collect excise tax revenue from
gross revenue (e.g. slot machines and casino gambling
tables) or gross wager (e.g. lotteries). Overall, gambling
products tend to be subject to quite high implicit or
explicit rates approximating those on tobacco and alcohol.
While the joint legalization and taxation probably conveys
net welfare gains (net gamblers are better off), the
legalization nevertheless imposes some external costs
(compulsive gamblers, particularly of gaming machines, are
worse off). The incidence of gambling taxes is usually
regressive. The taxation of gambling is bound up with other
policy issues relating to society's attitude towards
gambling. A middle ground is to accommodate the existing,
unstimulated demand for gambling, without doing anything to
stimulate that demand. Besides limiting the availability of
gambling opportunities, this approach would be consistent
with differentially higher tax rates.},
Doi = {10.1093/0199278598.003.0004},
Key = {fds266115}
}
@article{fds343196,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Federal Oversight, Local Control, and the Specter of
"Resegregation" in Southern Schools},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/w11086},
Key = {fds343196}
}
@misc{fds45411,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {Classroom-Level Segregation and Resegregation in North
Carolina},
Booktitle = {School Resegregation: Must the South Turn
Back?},
Publisher = {Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press},
Editor = {John Charles Boger and Gary Orfield},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds45411}
}
@article{fds266173,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor, J},
Title = {Who Teaches Whom? Race and the Distribution of Novice
Teachers},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {377-392},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6VB9-4FNP2N4-1-K&_cdi=5921&_user=38557&_orig=browse&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F2005&_sk=999759995&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkWz&md5=0adcaad45e61d8332229b792b372e201&ie=/sdarticle.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper focuses on one potentially important contributor
to the achievement gap between black and white students,
differences in their exposure to novice teachers. We present
a model that explores the pressures that may lead school
administrators to distribute novice teachers unequally
across or within schools. Using a rich micro-level data set
provided by the North Carolina Department of Public
Instruction, we find that novice teachers are distributed
among schools and among classrooms within schools in a way
that disadvantages black students. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2004.06.008},
Key = {fds266173}
}
@article{fds266120,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The nonprofit sector in K-12 education},
Pages = {166-192},
Booktitle = {City Taxes, City Spending: Essays in Honor of Dick
Netzer},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {Amy Ellen Schwartz},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845421632.00014},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845421632.00014},
Key = {fds266120}
}
@misc{fds53673,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Documentation for Unitary Status Determinations},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds53673}
}
@misc{fds266128,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {The Decline of Diversity in Our Schools},
Publisher = {The Washington Post},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7524 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266128}
}
@article{fds266171,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL and Diaz,
RA},
Title = {Do School Accountability Systems Make It More Difficult for
Low-Performing Schools to Attract and Retain High-Quality
Teachers?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {251-271},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/107631808/PDFSTART?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0},
Abstract = {Administrative data from North Carolina are used to explore
the extent to which that state's relatively sophisticated
school-based accountability system has exacerbated the
challenges that schools serving low-performing students face
in retaining and attracting high-quality teachers. Most
clear are the adverse effects on retention rates, and hence
on teacher turnover, in such schools. Less clear is the
extent to which that higher turnover has translated into a
decline in the average qualifications of the teachers in the
low-performing schools. Other states with more primitive
accountability systems can expect even greater adverse
effects on teacher turnover in low-performing schools. ©
2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20003},
Key = {fds266171}
}
@book{fds45343,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {After Brown: The Rise and Retreat of School
Desegregation},
Publisher = {Princeton: Princeton University Press},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://press.princeton.edu/titles/7768.html},
Abstract = {The landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954 set
into motion a process of desegregation that would eventually
transform American public schools. The most visible effect
was on the racial mix of schools and the resulting contact
between students of different racial and ethnic groups. This
book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of
how that interracial contact changed over the first 50 years
following the decision.<br><br>Using both published and
unpublished data on school enrollments from schools across
the country, it employs measures of interracial contact,
racial isolation, and segregation, to chronicle the changes
wrought by desegregation. It goes beyond previous studies by
drawing on previously unanalyzed data for the period before
1967, when enrollment data began to be collected by the
federal government, by calculating segregation for
metropolitan areas rather than just school districts, by
including private schools in assessing segregation, by
presenting recent information on segregation within schools,
and by measuring segregation across colleges and
universities.<br><br>Two main conclusions emerge from this
analysis. First, the interracial contact in American schools
and colleges experienced a sea-change, with the
transformation of public schools in the previously-segregated
South being the most dramatic. As an illustration, in 2000
the country's most segregated metropolitan area was less
segregated than all 20 of the most segregated metropolitan
areas in 1970. Second, however, factors combined to limit
the desegregation that did occur. In particular, as racial
disparities within public school districts declined, those
between districts grew larger. Four main reasons explain why
actual desegregation fell short of what it could have been:
white reluctance to accept racially mixed schools, the
multiplicity of options for avoiding such schools, the
willingness of local officials to accommodate the wishes of
reluctant whites, and the eventual loss of will on the part
of those who had been the strongest protagonists in the push
for desegregation.},
Key = {fds45343}
}
@article{fds50849,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Helen F. Ladd and Jacob L. Vigdor and Roger Aliaga Diaz},
Title = {Do School Accountability Systems Make it More Difficult for
Low Performing Schools to Attract and Retain High Quality
Teachers?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds50849}
}
@article{fds266172,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Private Schools, Segregation, and the Southern
States},
Journal = {Peabody Journal of Education},
Volume = {79},
Number = {2},
Pages = {74-97},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.leaonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327930pje7902_6},
Abstract = {This article considers the role of private schools in an
assessment of segregation in K–12 schools, with special
reference to the South. It presents evidence to support two
main conclusions. First, private schools have grown in
importance in the South since 1960, in contrast to their
declining importance in the rest of the country. This
contrary trend can be attributed to the region’s small
proportion of Catholics, to its rising affluence, and to
school desegregation. Because of the typically large areas
covered by school districts in the South, private schools
have offered White families an especially effective means of
avoiding exposure to non-Whites in schools, particularly in
counties with very high minority concentrations. In those
counties the rate at which Whites enrolled in private
schools tended to rise with the percentage of all students
who were non-White, increasing sharply in counties about 55%
non-White. Second, the article presents measures of the
extent to which private schools contribute to segregation in
schools in all regions. Using data on public and private
enrollments in 1999–2000, the article shows that private
schools accounted for only about 16% of such segregation in
the nation’s metropolitan areas, with the bulk of
segregation attributed to racial disparities between public
school districts. For the nation, segregation increased
between 1995–1996 and 1999–2000, and a rise in White
private enrollments had a role in this increase. © 2004,
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327930pje7902_6},
Key = {fds266172}
}
@article{fds266174,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Segregation and Resegregation in North Carolina's Public
School Classrooms},
Journal = {North Carolina Law Review},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1463-1511},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Although many studies have measured the degree of racial
segregation in schools using information on enrollment at
the school level, data limitations have made analysis of
segregation within schools difficult to undertake. Such
within-school segregation, often associated with academic
tracking, necessarily keeps actual interracial contact in
schools below its maximum possible level. Using a rich set
of administrative data on North Carolina public schools, we
examine patterns of enrollment within schools, allowing us
to assess the comparative importance of segregation within
and between schools. In order to examine patterns in upper
as well as lower grades, we perform separate tabulations for
1st, 4th, 7th, and 10th grades. The data make possible what
we believe to be the most comprehensive study of
within-school segregation undertaken in two decades,
covering schools in all 117 districts of a large and
racially diverse state. Using data for 1994/95 and 2000/01,
we examine trends in segregation, assess the role of a
growing Hispanic population, and evaluate the claim that
public schools in the South are becoming resegregated. We
also use the variation in measured segregation to ask what
factors are associated with between-school and within-school
segregation.},
Key = {fds266174}
}
@article{fds266176,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Alumni giving to elite private colleges and
universities},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {109-120},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6VB9-45F8XH1-1-1&_cdi=5921&_orig=browse&_coverDate=04%2F30%2F2003&_sk=999779997&view=c&wchp=dGLbVtb-zSkWW&_acct=C000004358&_version=1&_userid=38557&md5=3b0a36d2c928f4cf023328d0916188c3&ie=f.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper examines patterns of alumni giving, using data on
two cohorts of former students from a sample of private
colleges and universities. Higher levels of contributions
are associated with higher income, whether or not the person
graduated from the institution where he or she first
attended college, and the degree of satisfaction with his or
her undergraduate experience. Their satisfaction in turn was
a function of particular aspects of that experience,
including whether there was someone who took a special
interest when he or she was enrolled there. Among the more
recent cohort of graduates, those who had received
need-based aid tended to give less and those who were
related to former alumni tended to give more. © 2002
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0272-7757(02)00028-6},
Key = {fds266176}
}
@article{fds266177,
Author = {Vigdor, JL and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Retaking the SAT},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-33},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1558754},
Abstract = {Using data on applicants to three selective universities, we
analyze a college applicant's decision to retake the SAT. We
model this decision as an optimal search problem, and use
the model to assess the impact of college admissions
policies on retaking behavior. The most common test score
ranking policy, which utilizes only the highest of all
submitted scores, provides large incentives to retake the
test. This places certain applicants at a disadvantage:
those with high test-taking costs, those attaching low
values to college admission, and those with "pessimistic"
prior beliefs regarding their own ability.},
Doi = {10.2307/1558754},
Key = {fds266177}
}
@misc{fds45430,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Discussion of "Gifts and Bequests: Family of Philanthropic
Organizations?" by Paul G. Schervish and John J.
Havens},
Booktitle = {Death and Dollars: The Role of Gifts and Bequests in
America},
Publisher = {Washington: Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Alicia H. Munnell and Annika Sunden},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds45430}
}
@misc{fds50851,
Title = {Resources for Comparative Institutional Research},
Journal = {American Behavioral Science},
Volume = {45},
Booktitle = {Resources for Scholarship in the Nonprofit Sector: Studies
in the Political Economy of Information, Part
2},
Editor = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Paul J. DiMaggio and Janet A.
Weiss},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds50851}
}
@article{fds14346,
Title = {Resources for Scholarship in the Nonprofit Sector: Studies
in the Political Economy of Information, Part 1, Data on
Nonprofit Industries; Part 2, Resources for Comparative
Institutional Research},
Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
Volume = {45},
Number = {12},
Editor = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Paul J. DiMaggio and Janet A.
Weiss},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds14346}
}
@article{fds266134,
Author = {DiMaggio, PJ and Weiss, JA and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Data to support scholarship on nonprofit organizations: An
introduction},
Journal = {American Behavioral Scientist},
Volume = {45},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1474-1492+1468+1471},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764202045010003},
Doi = {10.1177/0002764202045010003},
Key = {fds266134}
}
@misc{fds50852,
Title = {Data on Nonprofit Industries},
Journal = {American Behavioral Science},
Booktitle = {Resources for Scholarship in the Nonprofit Sector: Studies
in the Political Economy of Information, Part
1},
Editor = {Charles T. Clotfelter and Paul J. DiMaggio and Janet A.
Weiss},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds50852}
}
@article{fds266199,
Author = {Auten, GE and Sieg, H and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Charitable giving, income, and taxes: An analysis of panel
data},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {371-382},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282802760015793},
Doi = {10.1257/000282802760015793},
Key = {fds266199}
}
@article{fds266175,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Interracial contact in high school extracurricular
activities},
Journal = {Urban Review},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-46},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0042-0972},
url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-1960/},
Abstract = {Using data from yearbooks for 193 high schools, this study
examines the degree of interracial contact in 8,849 high
school teams and other organizations. More than one-third of
these groups were all-white, while only about 3% were
exclusively nonwhite. Owing in large part to their overall
numerical preponderance, white students rarely found
themselves outnumbered in groups by as much as three to one;
by contrast, nonwhites often were in this position.
Tabulations show that the degree of interracial exposure was
typically less than what would occur if all organizations in
each school had been racially balanced and was much less
than the exposure that would have occurred if all
organizations reflected the racial composition of the
schools containing them. Whereas the nonwhite percentage of
the students enrolled in the sample high schools was 24.9%,
the membership of clubs and teams was 20.7%, reflecting a
lower rate of participation by nonwhites. Furthermore,
because the racial compositions of clubs and teams were not
uniform, the average white member was in an organization
that was only 15.3% nonwhite. Although clearly less than its
theoretical maximum, this rate of contact nonetheless
appears to be much higher than what would occur if
friendships were the only vehicle for interracial contact
outside the classroom. Finally, the extent of segregation
associated with these organizations was the same or less in
the South than in the rest of the country. © 2002 Human
Sciences Press, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1014493127609},
Key = {fds266175}
}
@misc{fds13164,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {Can Faculty be Induced to Relinquish Tenure?},
Pages = {221-245},
Booktitle = {The Questions of Tenure},
Publisher = {Cambridge: Harvard University Press},
Editor = {Richard P. Chait},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds13164}
}
@article{fds266169,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Who Are the Alumni Donors? Giving by Two Generations of
Alumni from Selective Colleges},
Journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {119-138},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nml.12201},
Abstract = {Using data on former students of fourteen private colleges
and universities, this paper examines patterns of alumni
giving. The data are taken from the College and Beyond
survey, which covers individuals who entered the
institutions in the fall of 1951, 1976, and 1989.
Contributions by these former students to these colleges and
universities tend to be quite concentrated, with half of all
donations being given by the most generous 1 percent of the
sample. A higher level of contribution is associated with
higher income, with having participated in extracurricular
activities in college, with having had a mentor in college,
and with the degree of satisfaction in one’s undergraduate
experience. The projected donations for the most generous of
these alumni over the course of a lifetime are quite high,
with totals for the 1951 cohort exceeding those from the
1976 cohort. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1002/nml.12201},
Key = {fds266169}
}
@misc{fds45431,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of Tuition Rising: Why College Costs So Much, by
Ronald Ehrenberg},
Journal = {Industrial and Labor Relations Review},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {176-177},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds45431}
}
@article{fds266168,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Are whites still fleeing? Racial patterns and enrollment
shifts in urban public schools, 1987-1996},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {199-221},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/79502498/PDFSTART},
Abstract = {The effect of interracial contact in public schools on the
enrollment of whites has been an important concern in
assessments of desegregation since the 1970s. It has been
feared that "white flight" - meaning exit from or avoidance
of racially mixed public schools - could undermine the
racial contact that desegregation policy seeks to enhance.
This study examines this question using recent data. It also
expands coverage from large urban districts to entire
metropolitan areas, paying attention to the spatial context
within which enrollment decisions are made. To do so, it
examines data for 1987 and 1996 on racial composition and
enrollment in all schools and school districts in 238
metropolitan areas. The study finds that white losses appear
to be spurred both by interracial contact in district where
their children attend school and by the opportunities
available in metropolitan areas for reducing that contact.
These findings apply with remarkable consistency to large
and small districts in both large and small metropolitan
areas. Implications for metropolitan segregation are
examined. © 2001 by the Association for Public Policy
Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.2022},
Key = {fds266168}
}
@misc{fds45432,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of The Big Test: The Secret History of the American
Meritocracy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {38},
Pages = {963-965},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds45432}
}
@misc{fds51103,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Do Lotteries Hurt the Poor? Well, Yes and No, A Summary of
Testimony Given to the House Select Committee on a State
Lottery},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds51103}
}
@misc{fds13165,
Author = {Auten, Gerald E. and Charles T. Clotfelter and Richard L.
Schmalbeck},
Title = {Taxes and Philanthropy Among the Wealthy},
Pages = {392-424},
Booktitle = {Does Atlas Shrug? The Economic Consequences of Taxing the
Rich},
Publisher = {New York: Russell Sage Foundation and Harvard University
Press},
Editor = {Joel Slemrod},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {Although it may not be the most visible manifestation of
wealth, charitable giving is and has been a hallmark of
affluence. Wealthy patrons occupy a prominent place in the
life of the nonprofit sector. Those occupying the top rungs
of the income and wealth distributions make a
disproportionate share of all charitable gifts: the one
percent of American households with the highest incomes made
more than 16 percent of all contributions in 1994,and the
wealthiest 1.4 percent of decedents gave some 86 percent of
all charitable bequests. This paper examines the charitable
giving of the wealthy,noting the tax provisions affecting it
and the institutional arrangements that have developed to
foster it. The paper also presents data on the patterns and
trends in contributions by the wealthy, both by living
donors and through charitable bequests. The paper reveals
the importance of gifts to higher education among the
largest donors, the great variation in percentage of income
contributed, and the high variability over time in giving by
the wealthy. It provides evidence on the distribution of
charitable bequests by gender and the magnitude of the
permanent price effect on charitable giving implied by panel
data on contributions during the 1980s. It also suggests
that contributions as a percentage of income seems to have
declined during the 1980s, and then recovered somewhat by
1995.},
Key = {fds13165}
}
@misc{fds13166,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook and Julie A. Edell and Marian Moore},
Title = {State Lotteries at the Turn of the Century: Report to the
National Impact Study Commission},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds13166}
}
@misc{fds266124,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Cook, Philip J.},
Title = {State Lotteries at the Turn of the Century: Report to the
National Gambling Impact Study Commission},
Pages = {51 pages},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7548 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266124}
}
@article{fds266167,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The familiar but curious economics of higher education:
Introduction to a symposium},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-12},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.13.1.3},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.13.1.3},
Key = {fds266167}
}
@article{fds266178,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Public school segregation in metropolitan
areas},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {4},
Pages = {487-504},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3147061},
Abstract = {This paper presents measures of segregation in public
schools for metropolitan areas. It shows that, not only are
metropolitan areas very segregated, most of that segregation
is due to racial disparities between districts rather than
segregative patterns within districts. Metropolitan areas in
the South and West tend to have larger districts, and thus
feature less fragmentation by school district. Segregation
at the metropolitan level appears to vary systematically
with size, racial mix, and region. Because larger
metropolitan areas tend to have more jurisdictions and
exhibit greater differences in racial composition among
jurisdictions, measured segregation rises with size, as
measured by school enrollment. (JEL I21).},
Doi = {10.2307/3147061},
Key = {fds266178}
}
@misc{fds45455,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {News and Observer},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds45455}
}
@misc{fds50853,
Title = {Amateurs in Public Service: Volunteering Service-Learning
and Community Service Programs},
Booktitle = {Law and Contemporary Problems 62},
Editor = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds50853}
}
@misc{fds50854,
Title = {Philanthropy and the Nonprofit Sector in a Changing
America},
Publisher = {Bloomington: Indiana University Press},
Editor = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Thomas Ehrlich},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {This collection of 24 essays examines foundations and other
nonprofit organizations and the changes that are occurring
to them and around them. The volume proposes four principle
questions. First, what forceswill determine the shape and
activities of philanthropy and the nonprofit sector in the
next decade, and how will philanthropy and the
nonprofitsector be strengthened or weakened by those forces?
Second, the volumeconsiders in what areas philanthropy and
the nonprofit sector should concentrateattention in the next
decade, and whether the institutions of the sectorare better
equipped to deal with these areas better than the government
or the market. Third, the volume turns to whether changes
are needed in the management, regulation, or taxation of
philanthropy or the nonprofit sector to ensure
accountability, efficiency, and innovation. Finally,the
authors consider what steps are required to enhance the
impact of philanthropy and the nonprofit sector. Together
with the need to address serious domestic and global
concerns, they deal with such issues as strengthening
relations with the public and for-profit sectors, educating
and engaging the next generation, the dramatic growth in
philanthropic resources, the continuing importance of
religious institutions, and the special need to stress the
basic values of American philanthropy.},
Key = {fds50854}
}
@misc{fds45433,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of Does Money Matter? The Effects of School Resources
on Student Achievement and Adult Success, edited by Gary
Burtless},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {258-259},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds45433}
}
@misc{fds45414,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {The Economics of Giving},
Pages = {31-55},
Booktitle = {Giving Better, Giving Smarter: Working Papers of the
National Commission on Philanthropy and Civic
Renewal},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: National Commission on Philanthropy and
Civic Renewal},
Editor = {John W. Barry and Bruno V. Manno},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds45414}
}
@book{fds45344,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {Buying the Best: Cost Escalation in Elite Higher
Education},
Publisher = {Princeton: Princeton University Press},
Year = {1996},
Abstract = {Expenditures by American colleges and universities increased
rapidly during the 1980s, markedly among private
institutions. Tuition charges rose sharply as well, making
the rate of inflation in private college tuition worse even
than the much-heralded run-up in medical costs. This book is
a study of these increases, particularly as they have
affected elite private research universities. Using detailed
unpublished data on expenditures,faculty teaching, class
size, and other items, the study focuses on expenditure
patterns in four universities--Duke, Harvard, and Chicago
--and one college,Carleton, over a 15-year period. The study
finds very high rates of real increase in
internally-financed expenditures, ranging from 5.3 to 6.8
percent per year. Among the factors associated with these
increases, financial aid was responsible for the largest
share. Other contributing trends included increases in the
number of faculty (and the corollary decline in average
classroom teaching loads), increases in real faculty
salaries, and increased administrative expenditures.
Ultimately, the rise in expenditures by elite institutions
during the 1980s can best be explained in reference to the
unbounded striving for excellence on the part of the
institutions and set of conditions that made it possible for
them to raise tuitions above the rate of inflation over a
sustained period.},
Key = {fds45344}
}
@misc{fds45460,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Helen F. Ladd},
Title = {Charlotte Observer},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds45460}
}
@misc{fds45415,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Richard L. Schmalbeck},
Title = {The Impact of Fundamental Tax Reform on Nonprofit
Organizations},
Pages = {211-243},
Booktitle = {Economic Effects of Fundamental Tax Reform},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Brookings Institution},
Editor = {Henry J. Aaron and William G. Gale},
Year = {1996},
Abstract = {Major changes in the U.S. tax system are being urged by
many, and considered by virtually all of the participants in
national policy-making. Because the nonprofit sector of the
American economy is largely shaped by the tax system from
which it is largely exempt, any major changes to that
system,whether or not targeted at nonprofits, are likely to
affect them profoundly.In this paper, we analyze the effects
of three types of fundamental change in the tax system,
involving, respectively, consumed-income taxes, "flat"taxes,
and business transactions taxes, either as supplements to,
or replacements of, the current individual and corporate
income taxes. Our analysis suggests that all of these
proposals would have significant and adverse impact on the
nonprofit sector. In particular, business transfer taxes
pose the greatest threat to the value of the tax exemption
itself. "Flat" taxes--especially those that contain no
provision for deduction of charitable contribution--are
likely to have the greatest impact on the incentives to make
contributions to those charitable nonprofit organizations
that are currently eligible to receive deductible
contributions. An important feature of the paper is the
application of simulation techniques to predict the
consequences of the tax proposals on the amount of
charitable contributions. The model employed suggests that
some forms of "flat" taxes may depress individual
contributions by as much as a fifth, and that the proposed
repeal of the estate and gift tax, and the proposed
elimination of deductibility of corporate charitable
contributions may depress contributions from those sources
by more than a third.},
Key = {fds45415}
}
@misc{fds45416,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Public Services versus Private Philanthropy: Are There
Winners and Losers?},
Booktitle = {Le Organizzazioni Senza Fini di Lucro (Non-Profit
Organizations)},
Publisher = {Milan: Centro Nazionale di Prevenzione e Difesa
Sociale},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds45416}
}
@misc{fds45417,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Helen F. Ladd},
Title = {Recognizing and Rewarding Success in Public
Schools},
Pages = {23-64},
Booktitle = {Holding Schools Accountable: Performance-Based Reform in
Education},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Brookings Institution},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds45417}
}
@misc{fds45434,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {The Promise of Public Revenue from Casinos},
Booktitle = {Casino Development: How Would Casinos Affect New England's
Economy?},
Publisher = {Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston},
Editor = {Robert Tannenwald},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds45434}
}
@misc{fds45435,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of Unhealthy Charities: Hazardous to Your Health and
Wealth, by James T. Bennett and Thomas J.
DiLorenzo},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {866-868},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds45435}
}
@misc{fds45436,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of The Economic Consequences of State Lotteries, by
Mary O. Borg, Paul M. Mason, and Stephen L.
Shapiro},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {147-148},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds45436}
}
@misc{fds45418,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Liberal Education: Luxury Education},
Booktitle = {America's Investment in Liberal Education},
Publisher = {San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers},
Editor = {David H. Finifter and Arthur M. Hauptman},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds45418}
}
@article{fds266198,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes: The “Gambler's Fallacy” in Lottery
Play},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {39},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1521-1525},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MQ37900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The “gambler's fallacy” is the belief that the
probability of an event is lowered when that event has
recently occurred, even though the probability of the event
is objectively known to be independent from one trial to the
next. This paper provides evidence on the time pattern of
lottery participation to see whether actual behavior is
consistent with this fallacy. Using data from the Maryland
daily numbers game, we find a clear and consistent tendency
for the amount of money bet on a particular number to fall
sharply immediately after it is drawn, and then gradually to
recover to its former level over the course of several
months. This pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that
lottery players are in fact subject to the gambler's
fallacy. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.39.12.1521},
Key = {fds266198}
}
@article{fds266147,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {On trends in private sources of support for the US
non-profit sector},
Journal = {Voluntas},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {190-195},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1993},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0957-8765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01398429},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01398429},
Key = {fds266147}
}
@article{fds266166,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The Private Life of Public Economics},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Pages = {579-596},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds266166}
}
@misc{fds50855,
Title = {Studies of Supply and Demand in Higher Education (with
introduction)},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Michael Rothschild},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds50855}
}
@misc{fds45438,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of The Closing Door: Conservative Policy and Black
Opportunity, by Gary Orfield and Carole Ashkinaze},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {329-331},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds45438}
}
@misc{fds45419,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {State Lotteries in America: Are There Lessons for New
Zealand?},
Pages = {3-17},
Booktitle = {Lotteries, Gaming and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Wellington: Institute of Policy Studies},
Editor = {Claudia Scott},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds45419}
}
@misc{fds45420,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {Lotteries},
Booktitle = {New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance},
Publisher = {London: Macmillan},
Editor = {Peter Newman and Murray Milgate and John Eatwell},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds45420}
}
@misc{fds50856,
Title = {Who Benefits from the Nonprofit Sector?},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds50856}
}
@article{fds266196,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Lotteries in the real world},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {227-232},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114154},
Abstract = {Observed patterns of lottery play suggest that many players
believe they can improve their chance of winning by
adjusting their bets according to which numbers have won in
recent drawings, or in response to their dreams or other
portents. This skill orientation is encouraged by state
lottery advertising, which tends to be misleading in other
respects as well. Patterns of lottery play and the content
of lottery commercials provide readily available
illustrations of psychological tendencies in risky
decision-making that have been documented in laboratory
experiments. © 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00114154},
Key = {fds266196}
}
@article{fds266197,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The Peculiar Scale Economies of Lotto},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3},
Pages = {634-643},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LJ37000019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266197}
}
@article{fds266180,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and Philip, JC},
Title = {What Kind of Lottery for North Carolina?},
Journal = {Popular Government},
Volume = {56},
Pages = {25-29},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds266180}
}
@book{fds45345,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Ronald G. Ehrenberg and Malcolm Getz and John J. Siegfried},
Title = {Economic Challenges in Higher Education},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds45345}
}
@misc{fds45456,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {San Diego Union},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds45456}
}
@misc{fds45421,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Government Policy Toward Art Museums in the United
States},
Pages = {237-269},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Art Museums},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Martin Feldstein},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds45421}
}
@article{fds266194,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {On the Economics of State Lotteries},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {105-119},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990EJ39800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> This article examines several aspects of the
economics of state lotteries, focusing primarily on the
demand for lottery products. We begin by giving a
descriptive overview. The succeeding sections examine the
motivations for playing lottery games and evidence on the
determinants of lottery demand. The final section considers
the welfare economics of the apparent objective of
lotteries—to maximize profits for the state.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.4.4.105},
Key = {fds266194}
}
@article{fds266193,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Redefining “success” in the state lottery
business},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {99-104},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990CF85300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3325117},
Key = {fds266193}
}
@misc{fds45457,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {News and Observer},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds45457}
}
@misc{fds45422,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {The Impact of Tax Reform on Charitable Giving: A 1989
Perspective},
Pages = {203-235},
Booktitle = {Do Taxes Matter? The Impact of Tax Reform Act of
1986},
Publisher = {Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press},
Editor = {Joel Slemrod},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds45422}
}
@article{fds266195,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and Dan, F},
Title = {Is There a Regional Bias in Federal Tax Subsidy Rates for
Giving?},
Journal = {Public Finance/Finances Publiques},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {227-240},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds266195}
}
@article{fds325918,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Demand for Lottery Products},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Lotteries constitute one of the fastest-growing categories
of consumer expenditure in the United States. Not only have
an increasing number of states legalized state lotteries,
but the per capita expenditures on lotteries in lottery
states have increased at an annual rate of 13 percent after
inflation between 1975 and 1988. This article examines the
demand for lottery products. A majority of the adult public
in lottery states play in any one year, but relatively few
of these players account for most of the action".
Socioeconomic patterns of play, measured from both sales
data and household surveys, offer some surprises -- for
example, that the Engle curve of lottery expenditures
decline with income. There is some evidence that lottery
sales increase with the payout rate, although it is not
clear that it would be profitable for the states to increase
payout rates. The addition of a new game, such as lotto,
does not undercut sales of existing games, and the oft-heard
claim that interest (and sales) will "inevitably" decline is
contradicted by the data. The organizational form of the
lottery is evolving in response to the quest for higher
revenues: in particular, smaller states are forming
multistate game. This article is a chapter from Selling
Hope: State Lotteries in America, an NBER monograph to be
published by Harvard University Press in November,
1989.},
Key = {fds325918}
}
@misc{fds45458,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {Atlanta Journal/Constitution},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds45458}
}
@misc{fds45423,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Federal Tax Policy and Charitable Giving},
Pages = {105-127},
Booktitle = {Philanthropic Giving},
Publisher = {New York: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Richard Magat},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds45423}
}
@book{fds325919,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Selling Hope: State Lotteries in America},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds325919}
}
@article{fds266165,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Tax-Induced Distortions in the Voluntary
Sector},
Journal = {Case-Western Law Review},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {663-694},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds266165}
}
@misc{fds45439,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Review of The Rich, the Poor, and the Taxes They Pay, by
Joseph A. Pechman},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {1880-1882},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds45439}
}
@article{fds266192,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Implicit Taxation in Lottery Finance},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {533-546},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987L735900002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266192}
}
@misc{fds45459,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {New York Times},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds45459}
}
@misc{fds45452,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Christian Science Monitor},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds45452}
}
@misc{fds45424,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {The Effect of Tax Simplification on Educational and
Charitable Organizations},
Pages = {187-215},
Booktitle = {Economic Consequences of Tax Simplification},
Publisher = {Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds45424}
}
@article{fds266164,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Charitable giving and tax legislation in the Reagan
era.},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {197-212},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10275936},
Doi = {10.2307/1191488},
Key = {fds266164}
}
@book{fds45347,
Author = {Charles T. Clotfelter},
Title = {Federal Tax Policy and Charitable Giving},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45347}
}
@misc{fds45448,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T.},
Title = {Tax Reform and Charitable Giving in 1985},
Journal = {Tax Notes},
Pages = {477-487},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45448}
}
@misc{fds45449,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Tax Reform and Contributions: Reply to Rudney and
Davie},
Journal = {Tax Notes},
Pages = {1275-1278},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45449}
}
@misc{fds45453,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {New York Times},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45453}
}
@misc{fds45454,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {News and Observer},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45454}
}
@misc{fds45461,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and James Clotfelter},
Title = {News and Observer},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds45461}
}
@article{fds266163,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Tax Cut Meets Bracket Creep: The Rise and Fall of Marginal
Tax Rates, 1964-1984},
Journal = {Public Finance Quarterly},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-152},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1984},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114218401200201},
Abstract = {Through the process of “bracket creep,” the marginal tax
rates faced bytaxpayers under a progressive income tend to
increase as inflation pushes up nominal incomes. Congress
has sought to offset the resulting revenue increases by
cutting taxes periodically in recent years. Because of the
potential economic importance of marginal tax rates, this
article examines changes in marginal tax rates since 1964 to
assess the effect of inflation and tax cuts on the level and
structure of marginal tax rates. The article finds that
marginal rates generally have risen over the period,
especially for upper income taxpayers. Based on official
projections of nominal income growth, marginal tax rates
will not, in general, fall as a result of the 1981 tax cut.
Only a fundamental restructuring, such as the adoption of a
“flat-rate” income tax, has the potential of reducing
marginal rates significantly. © 1984, Sage Publications.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114218401200201},
Key = {fds266163}
}
@article{fds266191,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Tax-Induced Distortions and the Business-Pleasure
Borderline: The Cae of Travel and Entertainment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {1053-1065},
Year = {1983},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266191}
}
@article{fds266190,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Tax Evasion and Tax Rates: An Analysis of Individual
Returns},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {65},
Pages = {363-373},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266190}
}
@article{fds266189,
Author = {Auten, and Gerald, E and Charles, TC},
Title = {Permanent versus Transitory Tax Effects and the Realization
of Capital Gains},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {4},
Pages = {613-632},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1982},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1885102},
Abstract = {Recent empirical work on captial gains implies that
realizations are highly sensitive to marginal tax rates.
Because they are based on cross-section data, however, these
estimates cannot distinguish between permanent responses to
tax rate changes and the timing of realizations to take
advantage of the normal fluctuations in any individual’s
tax rates over time. The purpose of this paper is to
distinguish transitory from permanent tax effects by
analyzing panel data for taxpayers. Controlling for
permanent and transitory income and other variables, the
estimates suggest both transitory and permanent effects,
although the permanent tax rate effect is not significant in
all cases. © 1982 by the President and Fellows of Harvard
College.},
Doi = {10.2307/1885102},
Key = {fds266189}
}
@article{fds266188,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and Lester, MS},
Title = {The Impact of the 1981 Tax Act on Individual Charitable
Giving},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {171-187},
Year = {1982},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266188}
}
@article{fds266162,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Crimes and the Demand for Handguns: An Empirical
Analysis},
Journal = {Law and Policy Quarterly},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {425-441},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1981},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9930.1981.tb00258.x},
Abstract = {In a recent paper, Bordua and Lizotte (1979) analyze
determinants of firearm ownership using cross‐sectional
data for Illinois counties. Noting that firearms may be
purchased for the purpose of sport, self‐protection, or
crime, they present clear evidence of sporting demand and
limited evidence of defensive motives in the pattern of gun
ownership. Crime rates are significant only in the equation
explaining gun ownership by women (1979: 161). The purpose
of the present article is to supplement the findings of
Bordua and Lizotte and earlier empirical studies by focusing
on the demand for handguns alone. In particular, the article
analyzes the role of crime rates and fear of violence in
motivating citizens to buy and keep handguns. For this
purpose, aggregate time‐series and cross‐sectional data
on handgun sales were collected and analyzed. Because
handguns are durable pieces of equipment, it is necessary to
use a model that distinguishes the stock of handguns at any
one time from the rate of handgun purchases. Copyright ©
1981, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9930.1981.tb00258.x},
Key = {fds266162}
}
@misc{fds45425,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and C. Eugene Steuerle},
Title = {Charitable Contributions},
Pages = {403-437},
Booktitle = {How Taxes Affect Economic Behavior},
Publisher = {Washington: The Brookings Institution},
Editor = {Henry Aaron and Joseph Pechman},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds45425}
}
@article{fds266159,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Explaining Unselfish Behavior: Crime and the Helpful
Bystander},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {196-212},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1980},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(80)90045-5},
Abstract = {An important force combatting crime consists of the help and
cooperation that citizens provide to the victims of crime
and to the criminal justice system. This paper analyzes such
behavior in light of economic theories of altruism. Using
survey data on responses to questions about hypothetical
situations involving various crimes, the analysis provides
support for explanations of helping based on purely
altruistic behavior, cooperative behavior based on
self-interest, and behavior guided by social norms.
Specifically, income, wealth, age, and race are found to be
important in explaining helping behavior. © 1980, All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(80)90045-5},
Key = {fds266159}
}
@article{fds266161,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Tax incentives and charitable giving: evidence from a panel
of taxpayers},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {319-340},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(86)90009-5},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(86)90009-5},
Key = {fds266161}
}
@article{fds266186,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Vavrichek, B},
Title = {CAMPAIGN RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND THE REGIONAL IMPACT OF
ELECTORAL COLLEGE REFORM},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {311-329},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1980.tb00649.x},
Abstract = {In the US, a number of proposals have been made in the past
to replace the existing electoral college system in the
presidential elections with some form of direct elections.
There is however considerable uncertainty about how such a
change would affect the political influence and campaign
expenditures of different states. A model is presented to
assess the change. Assumptions are made about how
campaigning affects voter behaviour. Simulations of the
model are presented for a hypothetical country. Experiments
indicate that optimal allocations are sensitive to changes
in campaign technology (in media exposure) and to variations
in voter preferences. -P.Townroe},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9787.1980.tb00649.x},
Key = {fds266186}
}
@article{fds266187,
Author = {Auten, and Gerald, E and Charles, TC},
Title = {Recent Empirical Work on Capital Gains},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Tax Association/Tax Institute of
America},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {88-95},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds266187}
}
@article{fds266160,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {On the Regressivity of State-Operated 'Numbers'
Games},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {543-548},
Year = {1979},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266160}
}
@article{fds266158,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Equity, Efficiency and the Taxation of In-Kind
Compensation},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {51-60},
Year = {1979},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds266158}
}
@article{fds266157,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Urban school desegregation and declines in white enrollment:
A reexamination},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {352-370},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(79)90036-6},
Abstract = {This paper presents a reexamination of James Coleman et
al.'s study of white enrollment losses from desegregating
urban school districts over the period 1968-1973. New
equations are estimated using a different measure of
desegregation, additional explanatory variables, and
modified samples. The earlier conclusion that desegregation
has been a significant stimulant of white enrollment losses
in the largest central city districts is supported, although
this overall effect comes almost entirely from districts in
which black-white contact exceeds a threshold level. In
addition, the age structure of the district's white
population and the geographical coverage of the district are
significant in explaining white losses for some samples. ©
1979.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(79)90036-6},
Key = {fds266157}
}
@misc{fds45440,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Discussion of paper by Ferejohn, Forsythe, and
Noll},
Pages = {196-198},
Booktitle = {Collective Decision Making: Applications from Public Choice
Theory},
Publisher = {Balitmore: John Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {Clifford S. Russell},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds45440}
}
@misc{fds45426,
Author = {Clotfelter, Charles T. and Robert D. Seeley},
Title = {The Private Costs of Crime},
Pages = {213-232},
Booktitle = {The Costs of Crime},
Publisher = {Beverly Hill, CA: Sage Publications},
Editor = {Charles Gray},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds45426}
}
@misc{fds45427,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {School Desegregation as Urban Public Policy},
Pages = {359-387},
Booktitle = {Current Issues in Urban Economics},
Publisher = {Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press},
Editor = {Peter Mieszkowski and Mahlon Straszheim},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds45427}
}
@misc{fds45441,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Review of Business, Government and the Public by Murray L.
Weidenbaum},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {16},
Pages = {1484-1485},
Year = {1978},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds45441}
}
@article{fds266154,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Alternative Measures of School Desegregation: A
Methodological Note},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {373-380},
Year = {1978},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266154}
}
@article{fds266155,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Private Security and the Public Safety},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {3880402},
Year = {1978},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(78)90018-9},
Abstract = {The demand for private protection and the effect of such
protective measures on the level of crime are examined.
Private protection may reduce a household's expected
victimization rate either by deterring some crime or by
diverting crime to other households. The greater the
relative importance of the latter effect, the more likely a
community is to "tip" in the direction of deserting the
streets at night and taking other precautions. Data on crime
and protection are analyzed, but they are inadequate for a
full estimation of the model. The paper concludes with a
normative analysis of protection and implications for social
policy. © 1978.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(78)90018-9},
Key = {fds266155}
}
@article{fds266133,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Discussion of papers presented by William G. Colman and Gary
Orfield},
Journal = {The Urban Review},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-127},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1978},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0042-0972},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02175381},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02175381},
Key = {fds266133}
}
@article{fds266185,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and John, CH},
Title = {Assessing the 55 m.p.h. National Speed Limit},
Journal = {Policy Sciences},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {281-294},
Year = {1978},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0032-2687},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136831},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates the desirability of the new national
speed limit using tools of normative and positive economic
analysis. The theoretical case for a speed limit is
analyzed, and it is concluded that externalities in driving
may justify the use of a speed limit, among other policies.
The principal costs and benefits of the present speed limit
are then discussed, and available data are used in order to
suggest the reasonable orders of magnitude of costs and
benefits. A number of conceptual and empirical limitations
of the analysis are emphasized. Finally, several
alternatives to the national speed limit are noted. © 1978
Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00136831},
Key = {fds266185}
}
@article{fds304148,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hahn, JC},
Title = {Assessing the national 55 m.p.h. speed limit},
Journal = {Policy Sciences},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {281-294},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1978},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0032-2687},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136831},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates the desirability of the new national
speed limit using tools of normative and positive economic
analysis. The theoretical case for a speed limit is
analyzed, and it is concluded that externalities in driving
may justify the use of a speed limit, among other policies.
The principal costs and benefits of the present speed limit
are then discussed, and available data are used in order to
suggest the reasonable orders of magnitude of costs and
benefits. A number of conceptual and empirical limitations
of the analysis are emphasized. Finally, several
alternatives to the national speed limit are noted. © 1978
Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00136831},
Key = {fds304148}
}
@article{fds266156,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {The Implications of 'Resegregation' for Judicially Imposed
School Segregation Remedies},
Journal = {Vanderbilt Law Review},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {829-854},
Year = {1978},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266156}
}
@article{fds266184,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and Charles, L},
Title = {On Distributional Impact of Federal Interest Rate
Restrictions},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {199-213},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1978},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb03399.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb03399.x},
Key = {fds266184}
}
@article{fds304149,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {Private security and the public safety},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {388-402},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(78)90018-9},
Abstract = {The demand for private protection and the effect of such
protective measures on the level of crime are examined.
Private protection may reduce a household's expected
victimization rate either by deterring some crime or by
diverting crime to other households. The greater the
relative importance of the latter effect, the more likely a
community is to "tip" in the direction of deserting the
streets at night and taking other precautions. Data on crime
and protection are analyzed, but they are inadequate for a
full estimation of the model. The paper concludes with a
normative analysis of protection and implications for social
policy. © 1978.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(78)90018-9},
Key = {fds304149}
}
@misc{fds45428,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {The Scope of Public Advertising},
Pages = {11-36},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Advertising},
Publisher = {Washington: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy
Research},
Editor = {David G. Tuerck},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds45428}
}
@article{fds266179,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Life after Tax Reform: Brave New World for Higher
Education?},
Journal = {Change},
Pages = {12-18},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds266179}
}
@article{fds266153,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Public Services, Private Substitutes, and the Demand for
Protection Against Crime},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {867-877},
Year = {1977},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266153}
}
@article{fds266152,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Urban Crime and Household Protective Measures},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {499-503},
Year = {1977},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds266152}
}
@misc{fds45442,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Discussion of Papers by Coleman and Orfield},
Pages = {59-61},
Booktitle = {National Institute of Education, School Desegregation in
Metropolitan Areas: Choices and Prospects},
Publisher = {Washington: Government Printing Office},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds45442}
}
@article{fds266150,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {School Desegregation, 'Tipping' and Private School
Enrollment},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {29-50},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266150}
}
@misc{fds45443,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Review of Public Goods and Public Welfare by John G.
Head},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {91-93},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds45443}
}
@article{fds266151,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {The Detroit Decision and 'White Flight'},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {99-112},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds266151}
}
@article{fds266182,
Author = {Feldstein, M and Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Tax incentives and charitable contributions in the United
States. A microeconometric analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-26},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(76)90058-X},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(76)90058-X},
Key = {fds266182}
}
@article{fds266183,
Author = {Clotfelter, C},
Title = {Public Spending for Higher Education: An Empirical Test of
Two Hypotheses},
Journal = {Public Finance},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {177-195},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds266183}
}
@article{fds266181,
Author = {Brinner, and Roger, E and Charles, TC},
Title = {An Economic Appraisal of State Lotteries},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {395-404},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266181}
}
@article{fds266149,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {The Effect of School Desegregation on Housing
Prices},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {446-451},
Year = {1975},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds266149}
}
@article{fds266148,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Spatial Rearrangement and the Tiebout Hypothesis: The Case
of School Desegregation},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {263-271},
Year = {1975},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds266148}
}
@misc{fds45444,
Author = {C. Clotfelter},
Title = {Discussion of Economic Implications, Milliken v. Bradley:
The Implications for Metropolitan Desegregation, Conference
before the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights},
Pages = {120-121},
Publisher = {Washington: The Commission},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds45444}
}
@article{fds266146,
Author = {Clotfelter Charles and T},
Title = {Memphis Business Leadership and the Politics of Fiscal
Crisis},
Journal = {West Tennessee Historical Society Papers},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {33-49},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds266146}
}
%% Cohen, Wesley M.
@article{fds367670,
Author = {Arora, A and Cohen, W and Lee, H and Sebastian, D},
Title = {Invention value, inventive capability and the large firm
advantage},
Journal = {Research Policy},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104650},
Abstract = {Do large firms produce more valuable inventions, and if so,
why? After confirming that large firms indeed produce more
valuable inventions, we consider two possible sources: a
superior ability to invent, or a superior ability to extract
value from their inventions. We develop a simple model that
discriminates between the two explanations. Using a sample
of 2,786 public corporations, and measures of both patent
quality and patent value, we find that, while average
invention value rises with size, average invention quality
declines, suggesting, per our model, that the large firm
advantage is not due to superior inventive capability, but
due to the superior ability to extract value. We provide
evidence suggesting that this superior ability to extract
value is due to the greater commercialization capabilities
of larger firms.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2022.104650},
Key = {fds367670}
}
@article{fds352825,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Sauermann, H and Stephan, P},
Title = {Not in the job description: The commercial activities of
academic scientists and engineers},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {66},
Number = {9},
Pages = {4108-4117},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3535},
Abstract = {Scholarly work seeking to understand academics’ commercial
activities often draws on abstract notions of the academic
reward system and the representative scientist. Few scholars
have examined whether and how scientists’ motives to
engage in commercial activities differ across fields.
Similarly, efforts to understand academics’ choices have
focused on three self-interested motives—recognition,
challenge, and money—ignoring the potential role of the
desire to have an impact on others. Using panel data for a
national sample of over 2,000 academics employed at U.S.
institutions, we examine how the four motives are related to
commercial activity measured by patenting. We find that all
four motives are correlated with patenting, but these
relationships differ systematically between the life
sciences, physical sciences, and engineering. These field
differences are consistent with differences across fields in
the rewards from commercial activities as well as in the
degree of overlap between traditional and commercializable
research, which affects the opportunity costs of time spent
away from “traditional” academic work. We discuss
potential implications for policy makers, administrators,
and managers as well as for future research on the
scientific enterprise.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2019.3535},
Key = {fds352825}
}
@article{fds323311,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Fjeld, J},
Title = {The three legs of a stool: Comment on Richard Nelson, “The
sciences are different and the differences
matter”},
Journal = {Research Policy},
Volume = {45},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1708-1712},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.06.002},
Abstract = {In our response to Nelson's important argument regarding the
fit of research methods with the subject matter of various
natural and social sciences, we highlight the
complementarities offered by combining qualitative analysis
with modeling and statistical analysis, focusing on
economics. The argument is illustrated using a discussion of
two studies on the economics of innovation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2016.06.002},
Key = {fds323311}
}
@article{fds321847,
Author = {Arora, A and Cohen, WM and Walsh, JP},
Title = {The acquisition and commercialization of invention in
American manufacturing: Incidence and impact},
Pages = {1113-1128},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.02.005},
Abstract = {Recent accounts suggest the development and
commercialization of invention has become more "open."
Greater division of labor between inventors and innovators
can enhance social welfare through gains from trade and
economies of specialization. Moreover, this extensive
reliance upon outside sources for invention also suggests
that understanding the factors that condition the extramural
supply of inventions to innovators is crucial to
understanding the determinants of the rate and direction of
innovative activity. This paper reports on a recent survey
of over 5000 American manufacturing sector firms on the
extent to which innovators rely upon external sources of
invention. Our results indicate that, between 2007 and 2009,
16% of manufacturing firms had innovated-meaning had
introduced a product that was new to the industry. Of these,
49% report that their most important new product had
originated from an outside source, notably customers,
suppliers and technology specialists (i.e., universities,
independent inventors and R&D contractors). We also compare
the contribution of each source to innovation in the US
economy. Although customers are the most common outside
source, inventions acquired from technology specialists tend
to be the more economically significant in term of their
gross commercial value. As a group, external sources of
invention make a significant contribution to the overall
rate of innovation in the economy. Innovation policies, both
public and private, should pay careful attention to the
external supply of invention, and the efficiency of the
mechanisms affecting the relationships between inventors and
innovators.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2016.02.005},
Key = {fds321847}
}
@article{fds266200,
Author = {Agarwal, R and Buenstorf, G and Cohen, WM and Malerba,
F},
Title = {The legacy of Steven Klepper: Industry evolution,
entrepreneurship, and geography},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {739-753},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0960-6491},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtv030},
Abstract = {This introductory essay of the Special Issue honoring Steven
Klepper provides a synthesis of his work, and places the
articles of the Special Issue within the context of his
scholarship. Steven Klepper's pioneering work linked life
cycle patterns in industry evolution to underlying
micro-level firm innovation dynamics and employee
entrepreneurship, and to the macro-level implications
regarding geographical agglomeration and the growth of
economies. Taken together, the lifetime of Klepper's
research provides an integrated account of the key
industrial mechanisms at work, and also sets the stage for
future research, as is elaborated in individual
contributions to the Special Issue.},
Doi = {10.1093/icc/dtv030},
Key = {fds266200}
}
@article{fds266201,
Author = {Arora, A and Cohen, WM},
Title = {Public support for technical advance: The role of firm
size},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {791-802},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0960-6491},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtv028},
Abstract = {This article develops a model that shows how firm size-that
most important firm-level correlate of R&D-moderates the
impact of demand- and supply-side government policies that
support R&D. The most robust result is that government
support to product R&D will elicit less of a response the
greater is average firm size within the industry. This
result suggests, for example, that government support to
upstream research in the life sciences will stimulate less
downstream industrial investment in the development of new
drugs to the extent that the firms in the downstream
industry are larger. The model also predicts that where
entry is less encumbered, we can expect demand-side
subsidies to elicit greater product R&D within an industry.
Thus, to the degree that, for example, barriers to entering
the solar panel manufacturing industry are lower, we should
expect R&D on solar panel development to rise more in
response to tax credits for their purchase.},
Doi = {10.1093/icc/dtv028},
Key = {fds266201}
}
@misc{fds336915,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Innovation and Technological Change, Economics
of},
Pages = {160-168},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71047-6},
Abstract = {We review empirical findings on the determination of R&D and
R&D performance, as well as key questions that remain
unaddressed. This article briefly considers the
Schumpeterian hypotheses relating innovation to market
structure and firm size, and considers in more depth the
role of firm characteristics and industry-level variables -
broadly characterized as reflecting demand, technological
opportunity, and demand conditions - in affecting firms'
innovative activity and performance.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71047-6},
Key = {fds336915}
}
@misc{fds304074,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {R&D Information Flows, Appropriability and R&D
Intensity},
Pages = {22-29},
Booktitle = {Papers and proceedings of the Advanced Technology
Program’s International Conferences on the Economic
Evaluation of Technological Chang},
Publisher = {NIST Special Publication 952},
Editor = {Spivack, RN},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds304074}
}
@misc{fds304075,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Economics of Innovation and Technological Change: Empirical
Studies},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral
Sciences},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds304075}
}
@article{fds266221,
Author = {Roach, M and Cohen, WM},
Title = {Lens or Prism? Patent Citations as a Measure of Knowledge
Flows from Public Research.},
Journal = {Management science},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {504-525},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000314857900015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper assesses the validity and accuracy of firms'
backward patent citations as a measure of knowledge flows
from public research by employing a newly constructed
dataset that matches patents to survey data at the level of
the R&D lab. Using survey-based measures of the dimensions
of knowledge flows, we identify sources of systematic
measurement error associated with backward citations to both
patent and nonpatent references. We find that patent
citations reflect the codified knowledge flows from public
research, but they appear to miss knowledge flows that are
more private and contract-based in nature, as well as those
used in firm basic research. We also find that firms'
patenting and citing strategies affect patent citations,
making citations less indicative of knowledge flows. In
addition, an illustrative analysis examining the magnitude
and direction of measurement error bias suggests that
measuring knowledge flows with patent citations can lead to
substantial underestimation of the effect of public research
on firms' innovative performance. Throughout our analyses we
find that nonpatent references (e.g., journals, conferences,
etc.), not the more commonly used patent references, are a
better measure of knowledge originating from public
research.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.1120.1644},
Key = {fds266221}
}
@misc{fds266202,
Author = {Walsh, JP and Cho, C and Cohen, WM},
Title = {Patents, material transfers, and access to research inputs
in biomedical research},
Pages = {489-530},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Commercializing Innovation},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521887311},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139051262.020},
Abstract = {Introduction As patenting of both the inputs and outputs of
scientific research have become more common, policy makers
are faced with the question of whether introducing patenting
into the system of scientific rewards is hurting or helping
the causes of scientific and technological progress. The
impact of patent protection on the research conducted in
public research institutions – namely universities,
government labs, and nonprofit organizations – is not well
understood. This issue has taken on increasing importance
since the combined events of the passage of the Bayh-Dole
Amendment in 1980 and related legislation encouraging
institutions to patent findings from research supported by
public funds; the 1981 Diamond v. Chakrabarty court decision
affirming the patentability of life forms; and the
revolution in molecular biology, combinatorial chemistry,
bioinformatics, and related fields that has spawned
discoveries of enormous commercial value since the 1970s.
Scholars have recently argued that patents may now impose
significant costs upon upstream, noncommercial research.
Heller and Eisenberg (Heller and Eisenberg 1998) suggest
that the patentability of a broad range of the inputs that
researchers need to do their work may give rise to an
anticommons or “patent thicket” that may make the
acquisition of licenses and other rights too burdensome to
permit the pursuit of what should otherwise be
scientifically and socially worthwhile research (cf. Shapiro
2000). Merges and Nelson (1990) and Scotchmer (1991)
highlight the related possibility that, in some domains, the
assertion of patents on only one or two key upstream,
foundational discoveries may significantly restrict
follow-on research. A further concern is that the prospect
of realizing financial gain from upstream research may
increase researchers’ reluctance to share information or
research materials with one another, thereby impeding the
realization of research efficiencies and complementarities.
Similarly, researchers may be trading away rights to conduct
future research or to freely disseminate their discoveries
in exchange for current access to research inputs or
financial support (Cohen, Florida, and Goe 1994; Thursby and
Thursby 1999). Finally, prospective financial gains from the
exploitation of intellectual property (IP) may induce
researchers to choose research projects on the basis of
commercial potential rather than scientific
merit.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139051262.020},
Key = {fds266202}
}
@misc{fds266217,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Kieff, FS and Paredes, TA},
Title = {Patents, Material Transfers and Access to Research
Inputs},
Pages = {489-530},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Commercializing Innovation},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266217}
}
@article{fds266237,
Author = {Sauermann, H and Cohen, WM},
Title = {What makes them tick? Employee motives and firm
innovation},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {56},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2134-2153},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4430 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Economists studying innovation and technological change have
made significant progress toward understanding firms' profit
incentives as drivers of innovation. However, innovative
performance in firms should also depend heavily on the
pecuniary and nonpecuniary motives of the employees actually
working in research and development. Using data on more than
1,700 Ph.D. scientists and engineers, we examine the
relationships between individuals' motives (e.g., desire for
intellectual challenge, income, or responsibility) and their
innovative performance. We find that motives matter, but
different motives have very different effects: Motives
regarding intellectual challenge, independence, and money
have a strong positive relationship with innovative output,
whereas motives regarding job security and responsibility
tend to have a negative relationship. We also explore
possible mechanisms underlying the observed relationships
between motives and performance. Although hours worked
(quantity of effort) have a strong positive effect on
performance, motives appear to affect innovative performance
primarily via other dimensions of effort (character of
effort). Finally, we find some evidence that the role of
motives differs in upstream research versus downstream
development. © 2010 INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.1100.1241},
Key = {fds266237}
}
@article{fds266220,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Fifty years of empirical studies of innovative activity and
performance},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1 C},
Pages = {129-213},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2210-8807},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7218(10)01004-X},
Abstract = {This chapter reviews the empirical literature on the
determination of firms' and industries' innovative activity
and performance, highlighting the questions addressed, the
approaches adopted, impediments to progress in the field,
and research opportunities. We review the
"neo-Schumpeterian" empirical literature that examines the
effects of firm size and market concentration upon
innovation, focusing on robust findings, questions of
interpretation, and the identification of major gaps. We
also consider the more modest literature that considers the
effect on innovation of firm characteristics other than
size. Finally, we review the literature that considers three
classes of factors that affect interindustry variation in
innovative activity and performance: demand,
appropriability, and technological opportunity conditions.
© 2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0169-7218(10)01004-X},
Key = {fds266220}
}
@misc{fds266215,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Walsh, JP},
Title = {Access—or not—in Academic Biomedical
Research},
Pages = {3-28},
Booktitle = {Working within the Boundaries of Intellectual
Property},
Editor = {Dreyfus, HF and Zimmerman, D},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266215}
}
@misc{fds266216,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Fifty Years of Empirical Studies of Innovative Activity and
Performance},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {129-213},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Economics of Innovation},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Hall, BH and Rosenberg, N},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266216}
}
@article{fds266239,
Author = {Arora, A and Ceccagnoli, M and Cohen, WM},
Title = {R&D and the patent premium},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1153-1179},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.11.004},
Abstract = {We analyze the effect of patenting on R&D with a model
linking a firm's R&D effort with its decision to patent,
recognizing that R&D and patenting affect one another and
are both driven by many of the same factors. Using survey
data for the U.S. manufacturing sector, we estimate the
increment to the value of an innovation realized by
patenting it, and then analyze the effect on R&D of changing
that premium. Although patent protection is found to provide
a positive premium on average in only a few industries, our
results also imply that the premium varies across industries
and with firm size. Patent protection also stimulates R&D
across all manufacturing industries, albeit with the
magnitude of that effect varying substantially. © 2007
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.11.004},
Key = {fds266239}
}
@article{fds266236,
Author = {Walsh, JP and Cohen, WM and Cho, C},
Title = {Where excludability matters: Material versus intellectual
property in academic biomedical research},
Journal = {Research Policy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1184-1203},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0048-7333},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.04.006},
Abstract = {On the basis of survey responses from 507 academic
biomedical researchers, we examine the impact of patents on
access to the knowledge and material inputs that are used in
subsequent research. We observe that access to knowledge
inputs is largely unaffected by patents. Accessing other
researchers' materials and/or data, such as cell lines,
reagents, or unpublished information is, however, more
problematic. The main factors associated with restricted
access to materials and/or data include scientific
competition, the cost of providing materials, a history of
commercial activity on the part of the prospective supplier,
and whether the material in question is itself a drug. ©
2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2007.04.006},
Key = {fds266236}
}
@misc{fds312205,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Walsh, JP},
Title = {Real Impediments to Academic Biomedical Research},
Journal = {Innovation Policy and the Economy},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {1-30},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-226-39120-5},
ISSN = {1531-3468},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000264639200001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/ipe.8.25056197},
Key = {fds312205}
}
@misc{fds266214,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Sauermann, H},
Title = {Schumpeter’s Prophecy and Individual Incentives as a
Driver of Innovation},
Pages = {73-104},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on the Economics of Innovation},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Brusoni, S and Malerba, F},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {9780521866644},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618390.006},
Abstract = {Over sixty years ago, in his Capitalism, Socialism and
Democracy[CSD], Joseph Schumpeter (1962) predicted the
demise of capitalism. He argued that the growth of the large
business enterprise was frustrating the entrepreneurial
incentives vital to capitalism's vitality and growth.
Accordingly, the very success of capitalism's flagship
institution – the large modern business enterprise – was
to be its undoing. In CSD, Schumpeter argues that the locus
of innovation and technological progress had shifted to the
large modern firm. That shift would, however, undermine
capitalism by embedding innovation within large corporate
bureaucracies, leading to its routinization, with a
consequent replacement of entrepreneurial incentives –
attendant upon the prospect of individual gains and losses
from entrepreneurial initiative with those associated with
either the salaried employee or the shareholder. Neither
status, in his view, confers the “substance of
property,” which entails a “sense of personal
responsibility for success” (1962, p. 133) – that is, a
strong personal stake in the creation and subsequent
performance of the enterprise. In his view, neither top
management, salaried personnel nor shareholders, nor, in
turn, the modern business enterprise itself, can sustain
what he believed to be the economically critical function of
the entrepreneur in “exploiting an invention or, more
generally, an untried technological possibility for
producing a new commodity or producing an old one in a new
way, by opening up a new source of supply of materials or a
new outlet for products, by reorganizing an industry and so
on.” (1962, p. 132). Thus, in achieving its very
dominance, the large modern enterprise was sowing the seeds
of the decline of the system for which it had become the
bedrock institution.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511618390.006},
Key = {fds266214}
}
@misc{fds266213,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Arora, A and Ceccagnoli, M},
Title = {Trading Knowledge: An exploration of patent protection and
other determinants of market transactions in technology and
R&D},
Booktitle = {The Financing of Innovation},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {Lamoreaux, N and Sokoloff, K},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds266213}
}
@article{fds266219,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Patents and appropriation: Concerns and evidence},
Pages = {217-231},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_17},
Abstract = {For over the past twenty years, the United States has
witnessed a pro-patent movement. In response, numerous
concerns have been raised, including possible impediments to
innovation in cumulative technologies, emergence of
anti-commons, barriers to entry and an elevation of costs of
innovation associated with defensive patenting, growth in
patent litigation and poor quality patents. Although there
is little systematic evidence that these concerns have
materialized in any substantial way, vigilance is
nonetheless warranted. © 2005 Springer Science+Business
Media, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/0-387-25022-0_17},
Key = {fds266219}
}
@article{fds266235,
Author = {Walsh, JP and Cho, C and Cohen, WM},
Title = {Science and law. View from the bench: patents and material
transfers.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {309},
Number = {5743},
Pages = {2002-2003},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1115813},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1115813},
Key = {fds266235}
}
@misc{fds266212,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Does Open Source Have Legs?},
Booktitle = {Intellectual Property Rights in Frontier
Industries},
Publisher = {Brookings Institute Press},
Editor = {Hahn, R},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds266212}
}
@article{fds266234,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Patents and appropriation: Concerns and evidence},
Journal = {Journal of Technology Transfer},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {57-71},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0892-9912},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-004-4358-7},
Abstract = {For over the past twenty years, the United States has
witnessed a pro-patent movement. In response, numerous
concerns have been raised, including possible impediments to
innovation in cumulative technologies, emergence of
anti-commons, barriers to entry and an elevation of costs of
innovation associated with defensive patenting, growth in
patent litigation and poor quality patents. Although there
is little systematic evidence that these concerns have
materialized in any substantial way, vigilance is
nonetheless warranted. © Springer Science+Business Media,
Inc. 2004.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10961-004-4358-7},
Key = {fds266234}
}
@misc{fds266211,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Goto, A and Nagata, A and Nelson, RR and Walsh,
JP},
Title = {R&D Information Flows and Patenting in Japan and the United
States},
Booktitle = {Intellectual Property Policy},
Publisher = {Kluwer Press},
Editor = {Granstrand, O},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds266211}
}
@article{fds266218,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Nelson, RR and Walsh, JP},
Title = {Links and impacts: The influence of public research on
industrial R &D},
Pages = {109-146},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781950241.00017},
Doi = {10.4337/9781781950241.00017},
Key = {fds266218}
}
@article{fds266238,
Author = {Walsh, JP and Cohen, WM and Arora, A},
Title = {Science and the law. Working through the patent
problem.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {299},
Number = {5609},
Pages = {1021},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.299.5609.1021},
Doi = {10.1126/science.299.5609.1021},
Key = {fds266238}
}
@misc{fds266210,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Walsh, JP and Arora, A},
Title = {Effects of Research Tool Patents and Licensing on Biomedical
Innovation},
Pages = {277-326},
Booktitle = {Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy},
Publisher = {National Academy Press},
Editor = {Cohen, WM and Merrill, S},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {0521858224},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511493232.010},
Abstract = {There is widespread consensus that patents have long
benefited biomedical innovation. A forty-year empirical
legacy suggests that patents are more effective, for
example, in protecting the commercialization and licensing
of innovation in the drug industry than in any other.
Patents are also widely acknowledged as providing the basis
for the surge in biotechnology startup activity witnessed
over the past two decades. Heller and Eisenberg (1998) and
the National Research Council (NRC) (1997) have suggested,
however, that recent policies and practices associated with
the granting, assertion, and licensing of patents on
research tools may now be undercutting the stimulative
effect of patents on drugs and related biomedical
discoveries. In this chapter we report the results of
seventy interviews with personnel at biotechnology and
pharmaceutical firms and universities in considering the
effects of research tool patents on industrial or academic
biomedical research. We conceive of research tools broadly
to include any tangible or informational input into the
process of discovering a drug or any other medical therapy
or method of diagnosing disease. Heller and Eisenberg (1998)
argue that biomedical innovation has become susceptible to
what they call a "tragedy of the anticommons," which can
emerge when there are numerous property right claims to
separate building blocks for some product or line of
research. When these property rights are held by numerous
claimants (especially if they are from different kinds of
institutions), the negotiations necessary for their
combination may fail, quashing the pursuit of otherwise
promising lines of research or product development.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511493232.010},
Key = {fds266210}
}
@article{fds266232,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Nelson, RR and Walsh, JP},
Title = {Links and impacts: The influence of public research on
industrial R&D},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.48.1.1.14273},
Abstract = {In this paper, we use data from the Carnegie Mellon Survey
on industrial R&D to evaluate for the U.S. manufacturing
sector the influence of "public" (i.e., university and
government R&D lab) research on industrial R&D, the role
that public research plays in industrial R&D, and the
pathways through which that effect is exercised. We find
that public research is critical to industrial R&D in a
small number of industries and importantly affects
industrial R&D across much of the manufacturing sector.
Contrary to the notion that university research largely
generates new ideas for industrial R&D projects, the survey
responses demonstrate that public research both suggests new
R&D projects and contributes to the completion of existing
projects in roughly equal measure overall. The results also
indicate that the key channels through which university
research impacts industrial R&D include published papers and
reports, public conferences and meetings, informal
information exchange, and consulting. We also find that,
after controlling for industry, the influence of public
research on industrial R&D is disproportionately greater for
larger firms as well as start-ups.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.48.1.1.14273},
Key = {fds266232}
}
@article{fds266233,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Goto, A and Nagata, A and Nelson, RR and Walsh,
JP},
Title = {RandD spillovers, patents and the incentives to innovate in
Japan and the United States},
Journal = {Research Policy},
Volume = {31},
Number = {8-9},
Pages = {1349-1367},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-7333},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00068-9},
Abstract = {National surveys of RandD labs across the manufacturing
sectors in the US and Japan show that intraindustry RandD
knowledge flows and spillovers are greater in Japan than in
the US and the appropriability of rents due to innovation
less. Patents in particular are observed to play a more
central role in diffusing information across rivals in
Japan, and appear to be a key reason for greater
intraindustry RandD spillovers there, suggesting that patent
policy can importantly affect information flows. Uses of
patents differ between the two nations, with strategic uses
of patents, particularly for negotiations, being more common
in Japan. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00068-9},
Key = {fds266233}
}
@article{fds312201,
Author = {Cohen, W},
Title = {Introduction to the Special Issue in Honor of Richard
Nelson},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {549-559},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/10.3.549},
Doi = {10.1093/icc/10.3.549},
Key = {fds312201}
}
@article{fds266230,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Malerba, F},
Title = {Is the tendency to variation a chief cause of
progress?},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {587-608},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0960-6491},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/10.3.587},
Abstract = {This paper briefly reviews the sources of the diversity of
innovative activity within industries, and interprets the
literature to suggest that there are three ways in which
such diversity may stimulate technological progress,
including a selection effect, a breadth effect and a
complementarity effect. Using industry-level data from the
Yale survey administered in the 1980s, the paper presents
preliminary empirical results on the relationship between
the diversity of R and D activities within industries and
their rate of technical advance. This exploratory exercise
finds that, controlling for industry R and D intensity,
greater diversity in innovative activity is associated with
a more rapid pace of technological change. Policy
implications are considered.},
Doi = {10.1093/icc/10.3.587},
Key = {fds266230}
}
@misc{fds266209,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Walsh, JP},
Title = {Public Research, Patents and Implications for Industrial R&D
in the Drug, Biotechnology, Semiconductor and Computer
Industries},
Booktitle = {Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities:
Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and
Information Technologies},
Publisher = {National Academy Press},
Editor = {Wessner, CW},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266209}
}
@article{fds266228,
Author = {Sinclair, G and Klepper, S and Cohen, W},
Title = {What's experience got to do with it? Sources of cost
reduction in a large specialty chemicals
producer},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {28-45},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.1.28.15133},
Abstract = {Conventional learning curves relating unit cost to measures
of production experience are estimated for 221 specialty
chemicals produced by a Fortune 500 company. Detailed
records on cost and R&D coupled with insights from company
personnel are used to explain the variation across products
in the rate of cost reduction. Products that exhibited the
strongest relationship between unit cost and measures of
production experience were subject to specific initiatives,
particularly process R&D. The R&D was not, however,
generally motivated or informed, by production experience.
However, cumulative past output, the most commonly used
measure of production experience, was related to expected
future output, which conditioned the expected future returns
from R&D and the choice of R&D projects. Thus, cumulative
output was connected to unit costs through its role in
conditioning incentives to undertake process R&D rather than
as a proxy for production experience. This suggests that the
strong relationship commonly found between unit cost and
measures of production experience may reflect incentives to
reduce cost as much as learning from production
experience.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.46.1.28.15133},
Key = {fds266228}
}
@article{fds266231,
Author = {Holbrook, D and Cohen, WM and Hounshell, DA and Klepper,
S},
Title = {The nature, sources, and consequences of firm differences in
the early history of the semiconductor industry},
Journal = {Strategic Management Journal},
Volume = {21},
Number = {10-11},
Pages = {1017-1041},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1017::AID-SMJ131>3.0.CO},
Abstract = {Four entrants into the early semiconductor industry -
Sprague Electric, Motorola, Shockley Semiconductor
Laboratories, and Fairchild Semiconductor - displayed
remarkably different performance and behavior. Case studies
of the firms demonstrate that the key differences stemmed
from the firms' technological goals and activities and their
abilities to integrate R&D and manufacturing. These
differences can in turn be related to the firms' origins and
their different conditions upon entry into the semiconductor
industry, which had lasting effects due to constraints on
change. While the cases offer limited prescriptions for
management, they underscore the importance of technological
diversity for an industry's rate of technical advance and,
in turn, public policies that support such diversity.
Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1017::AID-SMJ131>3.0.CO},
Key = {fds266231}
}
@misc{fds266208,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Florida, R},
Title = {Engine or Infrastructure: The University Role in Economic
Development},
Booktitle = {Industrializing Knowledge},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {Branscomb, and Kodama, and Florida},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds266208}
}
@misc{fds266207,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Florida, R and Randazzese, L and Walsh,
J},
Title = {Industry and the Academy: Uneasy Partners in the Cause of
Technological Advance},
Booktitle = {The Future of the Research University},
Publisher = {Brookings Institute Press},
Editor = {Roll, R},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds266207}
}
@article{fds266229,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levinthal, DA},
Title = {Reply to 'comments on 'fortune favors the prepared
firm''},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {43},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1463-1468},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.43.10.1463},
Abstract = {Joglekar, Bohl, and Hamburg (JBH) make two basic sets of
criticisms of our paper (Cohen and Levinthal 1994) in their
comment. First, they object to two key elements of the model
structure: the relevance of the monopoly analysis and the
appropriateness of modeling competition via an entry model.
Second, JBH express concern over the manner in which we have
modeled the updating process. With regard to the basic model
structure, we argue that the initial monopoly analysis
allows us to capture some important notions regarding the
path dependent nature of investment in technical
capabilities. Further, the analysis of competition by an
entry model does not presume that an established firm takes
the initiative which is one of JBH's key objections. The
structure merely implies that some firm, possibly a start-up
enterprise, moves first. With regard to the concerns over
the modeling of updating, we acknowledge that our notation
could have been clearer in some instances but that does not
negate the correctness of the analysis. Furthermore, JBH's
recommendations regarding the updating process have the same
qualitative properties as our own specification. Indeed, at
no point in their critique do JBH ever indicate how their
proposed specification would change the results of our
analysis.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.43.10.1463},
Key = {fds266229}
}
@article{fds266226,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Klepper, S},
Title = {A reprise of size and R and D},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {106},
Number = {437},
Pages = {925-951},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2235365},
Abstract = {Numerous studies have shown that within industries, the
propensity to perform R and D and the amount of R and D
conducted by performers are closely related to the size of
the firm, while R and D productivity declines with firm
size. These findings have been widely interpreted to
indicate that there is no advantage to large firm size in
conducting R and D. The authors show how a simple model
based on the idea of R and D cost spreading can explain the
prior findings about the R and D-firm size relationship, as
well as additional features of the R and D-firm size
relationship, implying an advantage to large size in R and
D.},
Doi = {10.2307/2235365},
Key = {fds266226}
}
@article{fds266227,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Klepper, S},
Title = {Firm size and the nature of innovation within industries:
The case of process and product R&D},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {232-243},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2109925},
Abstract = {The effect of firm size on the allocation of R&D effort
between process and product innovation is examined. It is
hypothesized that relative to product innovations, process
innovations are less saleable in disembodied form and spawn
less growth. This implies that the returns to process R&D
will depend more on the firm's output at the time it
conducts its R&D than the returns to product R&D.
Incorporating this distinction in a simple model, we derive
and test predictions about how the fraction of R&D devoted
to process innovation varies with firm size within
industries.},
Doi = {10.2307/2109925},
Key = {fds266227}
}
@misc{fds266206,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Empirical Studies of Innovative Activity},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technical
Change},
Publisher = {Basil Blackwell},
Editor = {Stoneman, P},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds266206}
}
@article{fds312200,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levinthal, DA},
Title = {Fortune Favors the Prepared Firm},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {227-251},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1994},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.40.2.227},
Abstract = {<jats:p> A critical factor in industrial competitiveness is
the ability of firms to exploit new technological
developments. We term this ability a firm's absorptive
capacity and argue that such a capability not only enables a
firm to exploit new extramural knowledge, but to predict
more accurately the nature of future technological advances.
We develop a stylized model in which we focus exclusively on
firms' decisions to invest in their absorptive capacities.
We first examine a monopolist's investment decision,
analyzing the path dependence of its investment and the
effect of uncertainty. We then consider the effect of
competition by modeling the impact of entry on an
incumbent's investment behavior. Implications for management
and public policy are then discussed. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.40.2.227},
Key = {fds312200}
}
@article{fds266225,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Klepper, S},
Title = {The tradeoff between firm size and diversity in the pursuit
of technological progress},
Journal = {Small Business Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-14},
Year = {1992},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0921-898X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402211},
Abstract = {Our analysis lends support to both sides of the debate
concerning the optimal firm size for achieving technical
advance. It provides a basis for why industries composed of
many small firms will tend to exhibit greater diversity in
the approaches to innovation pursued, and why greater
diversity will contribute to more rapid technological
change. It also provides a basis for why industries
populated by larger firms will achieve a more rapid rate of
technical advance on the approaches to innovation that are
pursued. These arguments together suggest that a tradeoff
exists between the appropriability advantage of large size
and the advantages of diversity that accrue from numerous
small firms. Others, suchas Nelson (1981), have also
recognized a tradeoff between the diversity-inducing
advantage of more competitive industry structures and
advantages of large firm size, but not the particular
tradeoff we have identified. Our analysis has been more
appreciative than rigorous and, indeed, often explicity
speculative. While we attempted to raise important
questions, our framework requires more structuring before we
can be confident about any of our conclusions. Even in its
inchoate form, however, our analysis demonstrates that much
needs to be done before the current debate about firm size
can seriously inform policy. If we accept the plausibility
of our basic framework, it focuses attention on a range of
issues and questions. The fundamental premise of our
analysis is that firm capabilities and perceptions differ
within industries. This premise is not, however, widely
reflected in analyses of industry behavior and performance,
which typically take some representative firm as their
starting point. Indeed, the analytic utility of our
particular premise deserves scrutiny. Are differences in
firm capabilities and perceptions as critical to explaining
the industry patterns in innovative activity and performance
as we suggest? Do these differences persist? Is our abstract
characterization of these differences and their effects on
innovative activity up to the task of providing a basis for
policy? These intraindustry differences in capabilities and
perceptions underpin the hypothesized relationship in our
framework between the number of firms within an industry and
the number of distinct technological activities pursued by
the industry as a whole. Surely this hypothesis should be
tested. To establish the relationship between numbers of
firms and technological diversity, we also made two
important assumptions, which themselves should be examined.
First, we assumed that firms independently decide upon which
approaches to innovation to pursue.This assumption precludes
the clustering of firms around innovative activities due to
imitation, a phenomenon highlighted by Nelson (1981) and
Scott (1991). To the degree that innovative activities yield
relatively fast, public results, the assumption may be
suspect. While our evidence indirectly suggests that such
clustering may not be critical for explaining innovative
activity in a wide range of industries, more research would
be helpful. Second, we assumed that the number of approaches
to innovation pursued by firms is independent of their size,
implying large and small firms will tend to pursue the same
number of approaches. This assumption probably does not
apply to the smallest firms within an industry, particularly
to the extent that such firms are often not full line
manufacturing firms. Does it apply, however, to the medium
to large firms that account for the preponderance of R&D and
economic activity inthe manufacturing sector? While our
evidence again provides indirect support for this claim,
more empirical and theoretical research is indicated. We
also made other claims and assumptions that deserve further
attention. For example, we argued that greater technological
diversity stimulates technical advance and provides gross
increments to social welfare. Assuming it exists, the
mechanism linking diversity and technical advance has never
been examined empirically and is not obvious. Our assumption
that expected firm growth due to innovation is increamental
played an important role in permitting usto hypothesize an
appropriability advantage of large size. Again, both the
assumption and its alleged effect on innovative activity are
worth examining. Finally, we also need to test whether the
relationship between R&D and firm size within industries
depends upon appropriability conditions, particularly upon
the extent to which firms can sell their innovations or grow
rapidly due to innovation.Cohen and Klepper (1990)
demonstrate that if firms can sell some fraction of their
innovations in disembodied form or if growth due to
innovation is unconditioned by existing output levels, then
large firm size will confer less of an advantage and R&D
effort should rise less than proportionally with firm size.
In conclusion, this litany of reasonable but unsubstantiated
assumptions and arguments should make clear that this paper
is only a modest beginning of a daunting research agenda. ©
1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00402211},
Key = {fds266225}
}
@article{fds312199,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Klepper, S},
Title = {The Anatomy of Industry R&D Intensity Distributions},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Pages = {773-799},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds312199}
}
@article{fds266224,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Incomplete markets, intra-industry firm heterogeneity and
investment. The case of uranium exploration},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {223-248},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(90)90076-P},
Abstract = {We argue that as a result of incomplete factor markets,
firm-specific variables representing selected
characteristics of firms may influence and differentiate
firms' investment behavior within industries. This paper
operationalizes and test the framework with a simple,
institutionally motivated model of investment in uranium
exploration. Our results suggest that cash flow and
firm-specific expertise influence and differentiate firms'
exploration investment behavior in the uranium industry.
These findings imply that the ways in which incomplete
factor input markets distinguish firms also influence and
differentiate their investment behavior. ©
1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(90)90076-P},
Key = {fds266224}
}
@article{fds312203,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levinthal, D},
Title = {Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and
Innovation},
Journal = {Administrative Science Quarterly},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {128-128},
Year = {1990},
Abstract = {Discusses the notion that the ability to exploit external
knowledge is crucial to a firm's innovative capabilities. In
addition, it is argued that the ability to evaluate and use
outside knowledge is largely a function of the level of
prior related knowledge--i.e., absorptive capacity. Prior
research has shown that firms that conduct their own
research and development (R&D) are better able to use
information from external sources. Therefore, it is possible
that the absorptive capacity of a firm is created as a
byproduct of the firm's R&D investment. A simple model
of firm R&D intensity is constructed in a broader
context of what applied economists call the three classes of
industry-level determinants of R&D intensity: demand,
appropriability, and technological opportunity conditions.
Several predictions are made, including the notions that
absorptive capacity does have a direct effect on R&D
spending and spillovers will provide a positive incentive to
conduct R&D. All hypotheses are tested using
cross-sectional survey data on technological opportunity and
appropriability conditions--collected over the period 1975
to 1977 for 1,719 business units--in the American
manufacturing sector from Levin et al. (1983, 1987) and the
Federal Trade Commission's Line of Business Program data on
business unit sales, transfers, and R&D expenditures.
Results confirm that firms are sensitive to the
characteristics of the learning environment in which they
operate and that absorptive capacity does appear to be a
part of a firm's decisions regarding resource allocation for
innovative activity. Results also suggest that, although the
analysis showing a positive effect of spillovers in two
industry groups do not represent a direct test of the model,
positive absorption incentive associated with spillovers may
be sufficiently strong in some cases to more than offset the
negative appropribility incentive. (SFL)},
Key = {fds312203}
}
@misc{fds266205,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levinthal, DA},
Title = {The Implications of Spillovers for R&D Investment and
Welfare: A New Perspective},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {29-45},
Booktitle = {The Factors Affecting Technological Change},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {Link, A and Smith, K},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds266205}
}
@article{fds266223,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levin, RC},
Title = {Chapter 18 Empirical studies of innovation and market
structure},
Journal = {Handbook of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1059-1107},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1989},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1573-448X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1573-448X(89)02006-6},
Doi = {10.1016/S1573-448X(89)02006-6},
Key = {fds266223}
}
@article{fds312204,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levinthal, D},
Title = {Innovation and Learning: The Two Faces of
R&D},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {99},
Number = {397},
Pages = {569-569},
Year = {1989},
Abstract = {In addition to generating innovations, research and
development (R&D) increases a firm's capacity to utilize
existing information found within its environment. Although
much research focuses on new innovation R&D, little
research exists regarding the role that R&D plays in a
firm's learning aptitude. A theoretical model is developed
to examine implications of this dual role of research for
R&D investment using the basic sources of technological
knowledge a firm uses: such as the firm's own R&D,
knowledge originating with its competitors' R&D
spillovers, and knowledge created outside the industry. The
model is tested using survey data on technological
opportunity and appropriability conditions from Levin, et
al. (1983, 1987) and data on business unit R&D
expenditures from the Federal Trade Commission's Line of
Business Programme. Results demonstrate that the influence
of both appropriability and technical opportunity conditions
are affected by determinants of the ease of learning,
particularly the targeted quality of knowledge inputs. This
suggests that the characteristics of knowledge that affect
the ease of firm learning may represent an important class
of determinants of R&D investments. (SFL)},
Key = {fds312204}
}
@misc{fds266204,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levin, R},
Title = {Empirical Studies of Innovation and Market
Structure},
Pages = {1060-1107},
Booktitle = {The Handbook of Industrial Organization},
Publisher = {North Holland},
Editor = {Schmalensee, R and Willig, R},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds266204}
}
@article{fds312202,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levin, RC and Mowery, DC},
Title = {Firm Size and R&D Intensity: a Re-Examination},
Year = {1987},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Using data from the Federal Trade Commission's Line of
Business Program and survey measures of technological
opportunity and appropriability conditions, this paper finds
that overall firm size has a very small, statistically in-
significant effect on business unit R & D intensity when
either fixed industry effects or measured industry
characteristics are taken into account. Business unit size
has no effect on the R & D intensity of business units that
perform R & D, but it affects the probability of conducting
R & D. Business unit and firm size jointly explain less than
one per cent of the variance in R & D intensity; industry
effects explain nearly half the variance.},
Key = {fds312202}
}
@article{fds312198,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Levin, RC and Mowery, DC},
Title = {R&D Appropriability, Opportunity, and Market Structure: New
Evidence on Some Schumpeterian Hypotheses},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {20-24},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds312198}
}
@misc{fds266203,
Author = {Cohen, WM and Mowery, DC},
Title = {Firm Heterogeneity and R&D: An Agenda for
Research},
Pages = {107-132},
Booktitle = {Strategic Management of Industrial R&D: Interdisciplinary
Perspectives},
Publisher = {Lexington Books},
Editor = {Bozeman, B and Crow, N and Link, A},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds266203}
}
@article{fds266222,
Author = {Cohen, WM},
Title = {Investment and industrial expansion. A corporate variables
framework},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {91-111},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(83)90002-1},
Abstract = {The article proposes that firm investment and, in turn,
industry expansion are determined by firm-specific corporate
variables in addition to the typically considered variables
characterizing the firm's experience and expected conditions
in a given market, such as rate of growth of demand, price
and cost of capital. Defined to represent the internal
characteristics of firms, the particular corporate variables
hypothesized to affect investment behavior include cash
flow, firm-specific assets, internal firm structure, and
corporate strategy. The choice of the postulated corporate
variables is motivated by the presence of factors associated
with the failure or absence of markets: an uncertain and
complex environment, the irreversibility of much capital
investment, information asymmetry and organizational
boundaries. © 1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(83)90002-1},
Key = {fds266222}
}
%% Coleman, Wilbur J.
@article{fds266241,
Author = {Caselli, F and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {On the theory of ethnic conflict},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {11},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {161-192},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1542-4766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2012.01103.x},
Abstract = {When considering engaging in conflict to secure control of a
resource, a group needs to predict the amount of
post-conflict leakage due to infiltration by members of
losing groups. We use this insight to explain why conflict
often takes place along ethnic lines, why some ethnic groups
are more often in conflict than others (and some never are),
and why the same groups are sometimes in conflict and
sometimes at peace. In our theory ethnic markers help
enforce group membership: in homogeneous societies members
of the losing group can more easily pass themselves as
members of the winning group, and this reduces the chances
of conflict as an equilibrium outcome. We derive a number of
implications of the model relating social, political, and
economic indicators such as the incidence of conflict, the
distance between ethnic groups, group sizes, income
inequality, and expropriable resources. One of the insights
is that the incidence of ethnic conflict is nonmonotonic in
expropriable resources as a fraction of total resources,
with a low incidence for either low or high values. We use
the model's predictions to interpret historical examples of
conflict associated with skin pigmentation, body size,
language, and religion. © 2012 by the European Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1542-4774.2012.01103.x},
Key = {fds266241}
}
@book{fds266240,
Author = {Coleman, WJ and Yates, T},
Title = {Commentary},
Pages = {21-28},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521848503},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511605475.003},
Abstract = {The story in Freeman and Kydland (2000) is this: A modern
version of the Friedman and Schwartz (1963) idea is that
because the business cycle component of money is positively
correlated with the business cycle component of output, we
have evidence that money shocks cause business cycles. But
if you build a model that captures the reality that
consumers can choose between two means of payment, money and
deposits, you can get that output and (the sum of) money
(and deposits) both rise following a positive productivity
shock. When productivity rises, agents want to consume more
largeticket goods; for that reason, it becomes more
economical to buy things with deposits rather than money
(because larger purchases reduce the per-unit costs of using
deposits), and banks respond to that demand by creating more
deposits. A model with no frictions and no monetary shocks
can generate the supposed evidence that money shocks cause
output fluctuations. Freeman, Henriksen, and Kydland present
a paper that uses a model of this kind to study the welfare
costs of inflation. In this model, as inflation rises,
agents shift more of their portfolios into interest-bearing
forms to avoid the inflation tax, but they have to pay the
additional fixed cost of using interest-bearing deposits in
transactions. The authors find that the costs of inflation
are small. For example, in their baseline calibration, the
gains from reducing inflation from 10% to 3% are about 0.13%
(of steady-state consumption).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511605475.003},
Key = {fds266240}
}
@article{fds266252,
Author = {Caselli, F and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {The world technology frontier},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {96},
Number = {3},
Pages = {499-522},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.96.3.499},
Abstract = {We study cross-country differences in the aggregate
production function when skilled and unskilled labor are
imperfect substitutes. We find that there is a skill bias in
cross-country technology differences. Higher-income
countries use skilled labor more efficiently than
lower-income countries, while they use unskilled labor
relatively and, possibly, absolutely less efficiently. We
also propose a simple explanation for our findings: rich
countries, which are skilled-labor abundant, choose
technologies that are best suited to skilled workers; poor
countries, which are unskilled-labor abundant, choose
technologies more appropriate to unskilled workers. We
discuss alternative explanations, such as capital-skill
complementarity and differences in schooling
quality.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.96.3.499},
Key = {fds266252}
}
@article{fds266251,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Comment on: "Cross-country technology adoption: Making the
theories face the facts"},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-87},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.05.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.05.001},
Key = {fds266251}
}
@article{fds266254,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Sturctural Transformation and Growth Slowdowns: Japan in the
90s},
Journal = {under review},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds266254}
}
@article{fds266256,
Author = {Caselli, F and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {The U.S. Technology Frontier},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {148-152},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282802320189159},
Doi = {10.1257/000282802320189159},
Key = {fds266256}
}
@article{fds266250,
Author = {Caselli, F and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {The U.S. structural transformation and regional convergence:
A reinterpretation},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {109},
Number = {3},
Pages = {584-616},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/321015},
Abstract = {We present a joint study of the U.S. structural
transformation (the decline of agriculture as the dominating
sector) and regional convergence (of southern to northern
average wages). We find empirically that most of the
regional convergence is attributable to the structural
transformation: the nationwide convergence of agricultural
wages to nonagricultural wages and the faster rate of
transition of the southern labor force from agricultural to
nonagricultural jobs. Similar results describe the Midwest's
catch-up to the Northeast (but not the relative experience
of the West). To explain these observations, we construct a
model in which the South (Midwest) has a comparative
advantage in producing unskilled labor-intensive
agricultural goods. Thus it starts with a disproportionate
share of the unskilled labor force and lower per capita
incomes. Over time, declining education/training costs
induce an increasing proportion of the labor force to move
out of the (unskilled) agricultural sector and into the
(skilled) nonagricultural sector. The decline in the
agricultural labor force leads to an increase in relative
agricultural wages. Both effects benefit the South (Midwest)
disproportionately since it has more agricultural workers.
With the addition of a less than unit income elasticity of
demand for farm goods and faster technological progress in
farming than outside of farming, this model successfully
matches the quantitative features of the U.S. structural
transformation and regional convergence, as well as several
other stylized facts on U.S. economic growth in the last
century. The model does not rely on frictions on
interregional labor and capital mobility, since in our
empirical work we find this channel to be less important
than the compositional effects the model
emphasizes.},
Doi = {10.1086/321015},
Key = {fds266250}
}
@article{fds266255,
Author = {Caselli, F and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Cross-country technology diffusion: The case of
computers},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {328-335},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.2.328},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.91.2.328},
Key = {fds266255}
}
@article{fds266247,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Welfare and optimum dynamic taxation of consumption and
income},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-39},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00043-2},
Abstract = {This paper estimates that the US could attain large welfare
gains by implementing an optimal Ramsey tax policy that
taxes consumption and income. It is also found that the
welfare implications associated with taxing consumption are
quantitatively more important than those associated with
dynamically taxing income. Indeed, replacing income taxes
with a constant consumption tax leads to a welfare gain that
is only slightly lower than that attained by a dynamic
policy that taxes consumption and income. In computing these
welfare gains, careful attention is given to the dynamic
path of tax rates and the transitional dynamics associated
with how the economy responds to a new tax policy. ©
Elsevier Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00043-2},
Key = {fds266247}
}
@article{fds266249,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Uniqueness of an Equilibrium in Infinite-Horizon Economies
Subject to Taxes and Externalities},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-78},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.2000.2679},
Abstract = {This paper verifies the uniqueness of an equilibrium for a
class of stochastic infinite-horizon economies with capital
that are subject to distortionary taxes or externalities.
The proof develops the property of concavity for a nonlinear
monotone operator whose fixed points correspond to
equilibria. As the underlying monotone operator has been
useful for establishing the existence of an equilibrium, and
for computing an equilibrium, this approach also brings
under one roof the study of existence, uniqueness, and
approximation of an equilibrium in distorted economies.
Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C60,
H20. © 2000 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.2000.2679},
Key = {fds266249}
}
@article{fds266248,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Equilibria in distorted infinite-horizon economies with
capital and labor},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {72},
Number = {2},
Pages = {446-461},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1996.2228},
Abstract = {This paper studies a broad class of infinite-horizon
economies that are subject to externalities, taxes, or other
distortions. These economies are formulated in discrete
time, are subject to uncertainty, and consist of households
that accumulate capital and elastically supply labor. For
this class of economies, methods are developed for proving
the existence of an equilibrium, for characterizing an
equilibrium, and for verifying, at a computational level,
that an equilibrium is unique. Some applications of these
methods to real and monetary economies are discussed.Journal
of Economic LiteratureClassification Numbers: C6, E6. ©
1997 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.1996.2228},
Key = {fds266248}
}
@article{fds266246,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Behavior of interest rates in a general equilibrium
multisector model with irreversible investment},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {206-227},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1365-1005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100597002071},
Abstract = {The behavior of the real interest rate in a general
equilibrium multisector model with irreversible investment
is examined. It is shown that in such a model purely
sectoral shocks can lead to substantial variation in the
real interest rate and other aggregate time series. A source
of variation in aggregate time series that is not found in
one-sector models is thus examined, and the implications of
this source of variation for the behavior of the interest
rate are highlighted. Such a model seems to better capture
the relationship among the real interest and output or
investment than the standard one-sector stochastic growth
model. It is also shown that, because of a desire to smooth
consumption, with irreversible investment a rise in
uncertainty concerning the future return to capital tends to
lead to more current investment and a lower real interest
rate.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1365100597002071},
Key = {fds266246}
}
@article{fds266244,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Money and Output: A Test of Reverse Causation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Pages = {90-111},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This paper attempts to explain the correlation between money
and output at various leads and lags with a model in which
money is largely neutral and endogenously responds to
output. Money is endogenous because both monetary policy and
deposit creation are endogenous. Parameters are selected
according to the simulated moments estimation technique.
While the estimated model succeeds along some dimensions in
matching properties of postwar U.S. data, its failure to
match key patterns of lead-lag correlations seems to cast
doubt on the ability of endogenous money determination, by
itself, to quantitatively account for the observed
money-output correlations.},
Key = {fds266244}
}
@article{fds266245,
Author = {Coleman, WJ and Gilles, C and Labadie, PA},
Title = {A model of the federal funds market},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {337-357},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01213910},
Abstract = {This paper develops a stochastic general equilibrium model
of the federal funds market that incorporates non-Fisherian
effects on interest rates stemming from both supply and
demand shocks to reserves. Such a model may reconcile the
widespread belief in a liquidity effect of money supply
shocks with the difficulty many researchers have had in
finding empirical support for such an effect. The model also
cautions against interpreting the observed negative
correlation between the federal funds rate and innovations
to nonborrowed reserves as empirical confirmation of the
ability of the Federal Reserve to lower short-term real
interest rates.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01213910},
Key = {fds266245}
}
@article{fds266253,
Author = {Bansal, R and Coleman, WJ},
Title = {A monetary explanation of the equity premium, term premium,
and risk-free rate puzzles},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {104},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1135-1171},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/262056},
Abstract = {This paper develops and estimates a monetary model that
offers an explanation of some puzzling features of observed
returns on equities and default-free bonds. The key feature
of the model is that some assets other than money play a
special role in facilitating transactions, which affects the
rate of return that they offer. The model is capable of
producing a low risk-free rate, a high equity premium, and
an average positive relationship between maturity and term
premium for default-free bonds. The model's implications for
the joint distribution of asset returns, velocity,
inflation, money growth, and consumption growth are also
compared to the behavior of these variables in the U.S.
economy.},
Doi = {10.1086/262056},
Key = {fds266253}
}
@article{fds312208,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Comment on Inside Money, Outside Money, and Short-Term
Interest Rates},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1387-1387},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2879},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995TK92500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2078057},
Key = {fds312208}
}
@article{fds266243,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Price level determinacy without control of a monetary
aggregate. A comment},
Journal = {Carnegie-Rochester Confer. Series on Public
Policy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {C},
Pages = {47-53},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2231},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2231(95)90035-7},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2231(95)90035-7},
Key = {fds266243}
}
@article{fds312209,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Solving nonlinear dynamic models on parallel
computers},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {325-330},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LJ36600008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This article describes an algorithm that takes advantage of
parallel computing to solve discretetime recursive systems
that have an endogenous state variable. The algorithm is
shown to work well on a CRAY X-MP vector processor as well
as on a network of stand-alone workstations that simulates a
multiprocessor computer. © 1993 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1993.10509960},
Key = {fds312209}
}
@article{fds266242,
Author = {John Coleman and W and Gilles, C and Labadie, P},
Title = {The liquidity premium in average interest
rates},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-465},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(92)90006-N},
Abstract = {We extend recent models of liquidity to study how a
systematic relationship between monetary shocks and output
affects the average real short-term interest rate. ©
1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(92)90006-N},
Key = {fds266242}
}
@article{fds312207,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Equilibrium in a Production Economy with an Income
Tax},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1091-1104},
Publisher = {Econometric Society: Econometrica},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1468-0262},
Key = {fds312207}
}
@article{fds312206,
Author = {Coleman, WJ},
Title = {Solving the Stochastic Growth Model by Policy-Function
Iteration},
Journal = {Journal of business & economic statistics : a publication of
the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-29},
Publisher = {Taylor & Francis: SSH Journals},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1537-2707},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1990.10509769},
Abstract = {This article describes a computer algorithm that solves the
stochastic growth model by iterating on a fixed-point
equation in the decision rule determining consumption as a
function of the state variables. This algorithm does not
discretize the state space, but rather it preserves the
continuous domain of the capital stock and the productivity
shock. The main advantage of this algorithm is that it is
based on a Euler equation and thus it has a straightforward
generalization to dynamic economies that cannot be solved by
a central planner, such as a non-Pareto optimal competitive
economy. © 1990 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1990.10509769},
Key = {fds312206}
}
%% Collard-Wexler, Allan
@article{fds364951,
Author = {Aguirregabiria, V and Collard-Wexler, A and Ryan,
S},
Title = {Dynamic Games in Empirical Industrial Organization},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds364951}
}
@article{fds360552,
Author = {Aguirregabiria, V and Collard-Wexler, A and Ryan,
SP},
Title = {Dynamic games in empirical industrial organization},
Journal = {Handbook of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {225-343},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.hesind.2021.11.004},
Abstract = {This chapter is organized around three main topics on
dynamic games in empirical IO: models, econometrics, and
empirical applications. Section 2 presents the theoretical
framework, introduces the concept of Markov Perfect Nash
Equilibrium, discusses existence and multiplicity, and
describes the representation of this equilibrium in terms of
conditional choice probabilities. We also discuss extensions
of the basic framework, including models in continuous time,
the concepts of oblivious equilibrium and experience-based
equilibrium, and dynamic games where firms have
non-equilibrium beliefs. In Section 3, we first provide an
overview of the types of data used in this literature,
before turning to a discussion of identification issues and
results, and estimation methods. We review different methods
to deal with multiple equilibria and large state spaces,
describe recent developments for estimating games with
serially correlated unobservables, and discuss the use of
machine learning methods to solving and estimating dynamic
games. Section 4 discusses empirical applications of dynamic
games in IO. We start describing the first empirical
applications in this literature during the early 2000s.
Then, we review recent applications dealing with innovation,
antitrust and mergers, dynamic pricing, regulation, product
repositioning, advertising, uncertainty and investment,
airline network competition, dynamic matching, and natural
resources. We conclude with our view of the progress made in
this literature and the remaining challenges.},
Doi = {10.1016/bs.hesind.2021.11.004},
Key = {fds360552}
}
@article{fds342471,
Author = {Asker, J and Collard-Wexler, A and De Loecker,
J},
Title = {(Mis)Allocation, Market Power, and Global Oil
Extraction},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {109},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1568-1615},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20171438},
Abstract = {We propose an approach to measuring the misallocation of
production in a market that compares actual industry cost
curves to undistorted (counterfactual) supply curves. As
compared to traditional, TFPR- based, misallocation
measures, this approach leverages cost data, such that
results are readily mapped to welfare metrics. As an
application, we analyze global crude oil extraction and
quantify the extent of misallocation therein, together with
the proportion attributable to market power. From 1970 to
2014, we find substantial misallocation, in the order of
US$744 billion, 14.1 percent to 21.9 percent of which is
attributable to market power.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20171438},
Key = {fds342471}
}
@article{fds325892,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A and Gowrisankaran, G and Lee,
RS},
Title = {“Nash-in-Nash” Bargaining: A Microfoundation for Applied
Work},
Pages = {163-195},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/700729},
Abstract = {A “Nash equilibrium in Nash bargains” has become a
workhorse bargaining model in applied analyses of bilateral
oligopoly. This paper proposes a noncooperative foundation
for “Nash-in-Nash” bargaining that extends
Rubinstein’s alternating offers model to multiple upstream
and downstream firms. We provide conditions on firms’
marginal contributions under which there exists, for
sufficiently short time between offers, an equilibrium with
agreement among all firms at prices arbitrarily close to
Nash-in-Nash prices, that is, each pair’s Nash bargaining
solution given agreement by all other pairs. Conditioning on
equilibria without delayed agreement, limiting prices are
unique. Unconditionally, they are unique under stronger
assumptions.},
Doi = {10.1086/700729},
Key = {fds325892}
}
@article{fds320256,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A and Loecker, J},
Title = {Production Function Estimation with Measurement Error in
Inputs},
Number = {226},
Pages = {46 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Production functions are a central component in a variety of
economic analyses. However, these production functions often
first need to be estimated using data on individual
production units. There is reason to believe that, more than
any other input in the production process, there are severe
errors in the recording of capital stock. Thus, when
estimating production functions, we need to account for the
ubiquity of measurement error in capital stock. This paper
shows that commonly used estimation techniques in the
productivity literature fail in the presence of plausible
amounts of measurement error in capital. We propose an
estimator that addresses this measurement error, while
controlling for unobserved productivity shocks. Our main
insight is that investment expenditures are informative
about a producer’s capital stock, and we propose a hybrid
IV-Control function approach that instruments capital with
(lagged) investment, while relying on standard intermediate
input demand equations to offset the simultaneity bias. We
rely on a series of Monte Carlo simulations and find that
standard approaches yield downward-biased capital
coefficients, while our estimator does not. We apply our
estimator to two standard datasets, the census of
manufacturing firms in India and Slovenia, and find capital
coefficients that are, on average, twice as
large.},
Key = {fds320256}
}
@article{fds357495,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A and De Loecker and J},
Title = {Production Function Estimation and Capital Measurement
Error},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds357495}
}
@article{fds324301,
Author = {Allcott, H and Collard-Wexler, A and O'Connell,
SD},
Title = {How Do Electricity Shortages Affect Industry? Evidence from
India},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {3},
Pages = {587-624},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {We estimate the effects of electricity shortages on Indian
manufacturers, instrumenting with supply shifts from
hydroelectric power availability. We estimate that India's
average reported level of shortages reduces the average
plant's revenues and producer surplus by 5 to 10 percent,
but average productivity losses are significantly smaller
because most inputs can be stored during outages. Shortages
distort the plant size distribution, as there are
significant economies of scale in generator costs and
shortages more severely affect plants without generators.
Simulations show that offering interruptible retail
electricity contracts could substantially reduce the impacts
of shortages. (JEL D24, L60, L94, O13, O14,
Q41)},
Key = {fds324301}
}
@article{fds238059,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A and De Loecker and J},
Title = {Reallocation and technology: Evidence from the US steel
industry},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {1},
Pages = {131-171},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20130090},
Abstract = {We measure the impact of a drastic new technology for
producing steel the minimillon industry-wide productivity in
the US steel industry, using unique plant-level data between
1963 and 2002. The sharp increase in the industry's
productivity is linked to this new technology through two
distinct mechanisms: (i ) the mere displacement of the older
technology (vertically integrated producers) was responsible
for a third of the increase in the industry's productivity,
and (ii ) increased competition, due the minimill expansion,
drove a productivity resurgence at the surviving vertical
integrated producers and, consequently, the productivity of
the industry as a whole.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20130090},
Key = {fds238059}
}
@article{fds238061,
Author = {Asker, J and Collard-Wexler, A and Loecker, JD},
Title = {Dynamic inputs and resource (Mis)allocation},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {122},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1013-1063},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677072},
Abstract = {We investigate the role of dynamic production inputs and
their associated adjustment costs in shaping the dispersion
of static measures of capital misallocation within
industries (and countries). Across nine data sets spanning
40 countries, we find that industries exhibiting greater
time-series volatility of productivity have greater
cross-sectional dispersion of the marginal revenue product
of capital. We use a standard investment model with
adjustment costs to show that variation in the volatility of
productivity across these industries and economies can
explain a large share (80-90 percent) of the cross-industry
(and cross-country) variation in the dispersion of the
marginal revenue product of capital.},
Doi = {10.1086/677072},
Key = {fds238061}
}
@article{fds238060,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A},
Title = {Mergers and sunk costs: An application to the ready-mix
concrete industry},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {407-447},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.6.4.407},
Abstract = {Horizontal mergers have a large impact by inducing a
long-lasting change in market structure. Only in an industry
with substantial entry barriers is a merger not immediately
counteracted by postmerger entry. To evaluate the duration
of the effects of a merger, I use the model of Abbring and
Campbell (2010) to estimate demand thresholds for entry and
for exit. These thresholds, along with the process for
demand, are estimated using data from the ready-mix concrete
industry. Simulations predict that a merger from duopoly to
monopoly generates between nine and ten years of monopoly in
the market.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.6.4.407},
Key = {fds238060}
}
@article{fds238064,
Author = {Baccara, M and Collard-Wexler, A and Felli, L and Yariv,
L},
Title = {Child-adoption Matching: Preferences for gender and
race},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {133-158},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.6.3.133},
Abstract = {This paper uses a new dataset on child-adoption matching to
estimate the preferences of potential adoptive parents over
US-born and unborn children relinquished for adoption. We
identify significant preferences favoring girls and against
African American children put up for adoption. These
attitudes vary in magnitudes across different adoptive
parents-heterosexual, same-sex couples, and single women. We
consider the effects of excluding single women and same-sex
couples from the process, and find that this would
substantially reduce the overall number of adopted children.
(JEL C78, J13, J15, J16).},
Doi = {10.1257/app.6.3.133},
Key = {fds238064}
}
@article{fds238063,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A},
Title = {Demand fluctuations in the ready-mix concrete
industry},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1003-1037},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA6877},
Abstract = {I investigate the role of demand shocks in the ready-mix
concrete industry. Using Census data on more than 15,000
plants, I estimate a model of investment and entry in
oligopolistic markets. These estimates are used to simulate
the effect of eliminating short-term local demand changes. A
policy of smoothing the volatility of demand has a market
expansion effect: The model predicts a 39% increase in the
number of plants in the industry. Since bigger markets have
both more plants and larger plants, a demand-smoothing
fiscal policy would increase the share of large plants by
20%. Finally, the policy of smoothing demand reduces entry
and exit by 25%, but has no effect on the rate at which
firms change their size. © 2013 The Econometric
Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA6877},
Key = {fds238063}
}
@article{fds238065,
Author = {Chandra, A and Collard-Wexler, A},
Title = {Mergers in two-sided markets: An application to the Canadian
newspaper industry},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1045-1070},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1058-6407},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2009.00237.x},
Abstract = {In this paper, we study mergers in two-sided industries and,
in particular, the effects of mergers in the newspaper
industry. We present a model which shows that mergers in
two-sided markets may not necessarily lead to higher prices
for either side of the market. We test our conclusions by
examining a spate of mergers in the Canadian newspaper
industry in the late 1990s. Specifically, we analyze prices
for both circulation and advertising to try to understand
the impact that these mergers had on consumer welfare. We
find that greater concentration did not lead to higher
prices for either newspaper subscribers or advertisers. ©
2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1530-9134.2009.00237.x},
Key = {fds238065}
}
@article{fds302429,
Author = {Collard-Wexler, A},
Title = {Discussion of Tamer and Arradillas-Lopez},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {303-307},
Publisher = {American Statistical Association},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500108000000150},
Doi = {10.1198/073500108000000150},
Key = {fds302429}
}
%% Conitzer, Vincent
@article{fds376876,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {The Complexity of Computing Robust Mediated Equilibria in
Ordinal Games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {38},
Number = {9},
Pages = {9607-9615},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i9.28817},
Abstract = {Usually, to apply game-theoretic methods, we must specify
utilities precisely, and we run the risk that the solutions
we compute are not robust to errors in this specification.
Ordinal games provide an attractive alternative: they
require specifying only which outcomes are preferred to
which other ones. Unfortunately, they provide little
guidance for how to play unless there are pure Nash
equilibria; evaluating mixed strategies appears to
fundamentally require cardinal utilities. In this paper, we
observe that we can in fact make good use of mixed
strategies in ordinal games if we consider settings that
allow for folk theorems. These allow us to find equilibria
that are robust, in the sense that they remain equilibria no
matter which cardinal utilities are the correct ones - as
long as they are consistent with the specified ordinal
preferences. We analyze this concept and study the
computational complexity of finding such equilibria in a
range of settings.},
Doi = {10.1609/aaai.v38i9.28817},
Key = {fds376876}
}
@article{fds376877,
Author = {Xu, YE and Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Non-excludable Bilateral Trade between Groups},
Journal = {Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {38},
Number = {9},
Pages = {9952-9959},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i9.28857},
Abstract = {Bilateral trade is one of the most natural and important
forms of economic interaction: A seller has a single,
indivisible item for sale, and a buyer is potentially
interested. The two parties typically have different,
privately known valuations for the item, and ideally, they
would like to trade if the buyer values the item more than
the seller. The celebrated impossibility result by Myerson
and Satterthwaite shows that any mechanism for this setting
must violate at least one important desideratum. In this
paper, we investigate a richer paradigm of bilateral trade,
with many self-interested buyers and sellers on both sides
of a single trade who cannot be excluded from the trade. We
show that this allows for more positive results. In fact, we
establish a dichotomy in the possibility of trading
efficiently. If in expectation, the buyers value the item
more, we can achieve efficiency in the limit. If this is not
the case, then efficiency cannot be achieved in general. En
route, we characterize trading mechanisms that encourage
truth-telling, which may be of independent interest. We also
evaluate our trading mechanisms experimentally, and the
experiments align with our theoretical results.},
Doi = {10.1609/aaai.v38i9.28857},
Key = {fds376877}
}
@article{fds375178,
Author = {Oesterheld, C and Demski, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A Theory of Bounded Inductive Rationality},
Journal = {Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science,
EPTCS},
Volume = {379},
Pages = {421-440},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.379.33},
Abstract = {The dominant theories of rational choice assume logical
omniscience. That is, they assume that when facing a
decision problem, an agent can perform all relevant
computations and determine the truth value of all relevant
logical/mathematical claims. This assumption is unrealistic
when, for example, we offer bets on remote digits of π or
when an agent faces a computationally intractable planning
problem. Furthermore, the assumption of logical omniscience
creates contradictions in cases where the environment can
contain descriptions of the agent itself. Importantly,
strategic interactions as studied in game theory are
decision problems in which a rational agent is predicted by
its environment (the other players). In this paper, we
develop a theory of rational decision making that does not
assume logical omniscience. We consider agents who
repeatedly face decision problems (including ones like
betting on digits of π or games against other agents). The
main contribution of this paper is to provide a sensible
theory of rationality for such agents. Roughly, we require
that a boundedly rational inductive agent tests each
efficiently computable hypothesis infinitely often and
follows those hypotheses that keep their promises of high
rewards. We then prove that agents that are rational in this
sense have other desirable properties. For example, they
learn to value random and pseudo-random lotteries at their
expected reward. Finally, we consider strategic interactions
between different agents and prove a folk theorem for what
strategies bounded rational inductive agents can converge
to.},
Doi = {10.4204/EPTCS.379.33},
Key = {fds375178}
}
@article{fds375179,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Efficiently Solving Turn-Taking Stochastic Games with
Extensive-Form Correlation},
Journal = {EC 2023 - Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {1161-1186},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9798400701047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3580507.3597665},
Abstract = {We study equilibrium computation with extensive-form
correlation in two-player turn-taking stochastic games. Our
main results are two-fold: (1) We give an algorithm for
computing a Stackelberg extensive-form correlated
equilibrium (SEFCE), which runs in time polynomial in the
size of the game, as well as the number of bits required to
encode each input number. (2) We give an efficient algorithm
for approximately computing an optimal extensive-form
correlated equilibrium (EFCE) up to machine precision, i.e.,
the algorithm achieves approximation error ϵ in time
polynomial in the size of the game, as well as log(1/ϵ).Our
algorithm for SEFCE is the first polynomial-time algorithm
for equilibrium computation with commitment in such a
general class of stochastic games. Existing algorithms for
SEFCE typically make stronger assumptions such as no chance
moves, and are designed for extensive-form games in the less
succinct tree form. Our algorithm for approximately optimal
EFCE is, to our knowledge, the first algorithm that achieves
3 desiderata simultaneously: approximate optimality,
polylogarithmic dependency on the approximation error and
compatibility with stochastic games in the more succinct
graph form. Existing algorithms achieve at most 2 of these
desiderata, often also relying on additional technical
assumptions.},
Doi = {10.1145/3580507.3597665},
Key = {fds375179}
}
@article{fds375180,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Oesterheld, C},
Title = {Foundations of Cooperative AI},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2023},
Volume = {37},
Pages = {15359-15367},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577358800},
Abstract = {AI systems can interact in unexpected ways, sometimes with
disastrous consequences. As AI gets to control more of our
world, these interactions will become more common and have
higher stakes. As AI becomes more advanced, these
interactions will become more sophisticated, and game theory
will provide the tools for analyzing these interactions.
However, AI agents are in some ways unlike the agents
traditionally studied in game theory, introducing new
challenges as well as opportunities. We propose a research
agenda to develop the game theory of highly advanced AI
agents, with a focus on achieving cooperation.},
Key = {fds375180}
}
@article{fds375181,
Author = {Jecmen, S and Yoon, M and Conitzer, V and Shah, NB and Fang,
F},
Title = {A Dataset on Malicious Paper Bidding in Peer
Review},
Journal = {ACM Web Conference 2023 - Proceedings of the World Wide Web
Conference, WWW 2023},
Pages = {3816-3826},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9781450394161},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583424},
Abstract = {In conference peer review, reviewers are often asked to
provide "bids"on each submitted paper that express their
interest in reviewing that paper. A paper assignment
algorithm then uses these bids (along with other data) to
compute a high-quality assignment of reviewers to papers.
However, this process has been exploited by malicious
reviewers who strategically bid in order to unethically
manipulate the paper assignment, crucially undermining the
peer review process. For example, these reviewers may aim to
get assigned to a friend's paper as part of a quid-pro-quo
deal. A critical impediment towards creating and evaluating
methods to mitigate this issue is the lack of any
publicly-available data on malicious paper bidding. In this
work, we collect and publicly release a novel dataset to
fill this gap, collected from a mock conference activity
where participants were instructed to bid either honestly or
maliciously. We further provide a descriptive analysis of
the bidding behavior, including our categorization of
different strategies employed by participants. Finally, we
evaluate the ability of each strategy to manipulate the
assignment, and also evaluate the performance of some simple
algorithms meant to detect malicious bidding. The
performance of these detection algorithms can be taken as a
baseline for future research on detecting malicious
bidding.},
Doi = {10.1145/3543507.3583424},
Key = {fds375181}
}
@article{fds375182,
Author = {Tewolde, E and Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V and Goldberg,
PW},
Title = {The Computational Complexity of Single-Player
Imperfect-Recall Games},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2023-August},
Pages = {2878-2887},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781956792034},
Abstract = {We study single-player extensive-form games with imperfect
recall, such as the Sleeping Beauty problem or the
Absentminded Driver game. For such games, two natural
equilibrium concepts have been proposed as alternative
solution concepts to ex-ante optimality. One equilibrium
concept uses generalized double halving (GDH) as a belief
system and evidential decision theory (EDT), and another one
uses generalized thirding (GT) as a belief system and causal
decision theory (CDT). Our findings relate those three
solution concepts of a game to solution concepts of a
polynomial maximization problem: global optima, optimal
points with respect to subsets of variables and
Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) points. Based on these
correspondences, we are able to settle various
complexity-theoretic questions on the computation of such
strategies. For ex-ante optimality and (EDT,GDH)-equilibria,
we obtain NP-hardness and inapproximability, and for
(CDT,GT)-equilibria we obtain CLS-completeness
results.},
Key = {fds375182}
}
@article{fds375183,
Author = {Kovařík, V and Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Game Theory with Simulation of Other Players},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2023-August},
Pages = {2800-2807},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781956792034},
Abstract = {Game-theoretic interactions with AI agents could differ from
traditional human-human interactions in various ways. One
such difference is that it may be possible to simulate an AI
agent (for example because its source code is known), which
allows others to accurately predict the agent's actions.
This could lower the bar for trust and cooperation. In this
paper, we formalize games in which one player can simulate
another at a cost. We first derive some basic properties of
such games and then prove a number of results for them,
including: (1) introducing simulation into generic-payoff
normal-form games makes them easier to solve; (2) if the
only obstacle to cooperation is a lack of trust in the
possibly-simulated agent, simulation enables equilibria that
improve the outcome for both agents; and however (3) there
are settings where introducing simulation results in
strictly worse outcomes for both players.},
Key = {fds375183}
}
@article{fds375184,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Kroer, C and Panigrahi, D and Schrijvers, O and Stier-Moses, NE and Sodomka, E and Wilkens, CA},
Title = {Pacing Equilibrium in First Price Auction
Markets},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {68},
Number = {12},
Pages = {8515-8535},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4310},
Abstract = {Mature internet advertising platforms offer high-level
campaign management tools to help advertisers run their
campaigns, often abstracting away the intricacies of how
each ad is placed and focusing on aggregatemetrics of
interest to advertisers. On such platforms, advertisers
often participate in auctions through a proxy bidder, so the
standard incentive analyses that are common in the
literature do not apply directly. In this paper, we take the
perspective of a budget management system that surfaces
aggregated incentives- instead of individual auctions-and
compare first and second price auctions. We show that theory
offers surprising endorsement for using a first price
auction to sell individual impressions. In particular, first
price auctions guarantee uniqueness of the steadystate
equilibrium of the budget management system, monotonicity,
and other desirable properties, as well as efficient
computation through the solution to the well-studied
Eisenberg-Gale convex program. Contrary to what one can
expect from first price auctions, we show that incentives
issues are not a barrier that undermines the system. Using
realistic instances generated from data collected at
real-world auction platforms, we show that bidders have
small regret with respect to their optimal ex post strategy,
and they do not have a big incentive to misreport when they
can influence equilibria directly by giving inputs
strategically. Finally, budget-constrained bidders, who have
significant prevalence in realworld platforms, tend to have
smaller regrets. Our computations indicate that bidder
budgets, pacingmultipliers, and regrets all have a positive
association in statistical terms.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2022.4310},
Key = {fds375184}
}
@article{fds375185,
Author = {Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Safe Pareto improvements for delegated game
playing},
Journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10458-022-09574-6},
Abstract = {A set of players delegate playing a game to a set of
representatives, one for each player. We imagine that each
player trusts their respective representative’s strategic
abilities. Thus, we might imagine that per default, the
original players would simply instruct the representatives
to play the original game as best as they can. In this
paper, we ask: are there safe Pareto improvements on this
default way of giving instructions? That is, we imagine that
the original players can coordinate to tell their
representatives to only consider some subset of the
available strategies and to assign utilities to outcomes
differently than the original players. Then can the original
players do this in such a way that the payoff is guaranteed
to be weakly higher than under the default instructions for
all the original players? In particular, can they
Pareto-improve without probabilistic assumptions about how
the representatives play games? In this paper, we give some
examples of safe Pareto improvements. We prove that the
notion of safe Pareto improvements is closely related to a
notion of outcome correspondence between games. We also show
that under some specific assumptions about how the
representatives play games, finding safe Pareto improvements
is NP-complete.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10458-022-09574-6},
Key = {fds375185}
}
@article{fds375186,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Efficient Algorithms for Planning with Participation
Constraints},
Journal = {EC 2022 - Proceedings of the 23rd ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {1121-1140},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781450391504},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3490486.3538280},
Abstract = {We consider the problem of planning with participation
constraints introduced in[24]. In this problem, a principal
chooses actions in a Markov decision process, resulting in
separate utilities for the principal and the agent. However,
the agent can and will choose to end the process whenever
his expected onward utility becomes negative. The principal
seeks to compute and commit to a policy that maximizes her
expected utility, under the constraint that the agent should
always want to continue participating. We provide the first
polynomial-time exact algorithm for this problem for
finite-horizon settings, where previously only an additive
ϵ-approximation algorithm was known. Our approach can also
be extended to the (discounted) infinite-horizon case, for
which we give an algorithm that runs in time polynomial in
the size of the input and log(1/ϵ), and returns a policy
that is optimal up to an additive error of
ϵ.},
Doi = {10.1145/3490486.3538280},
Key = {fds375186}
}
@article{fds363356,
Author = {Afnan, M and Afnan, MAM and Liu, Y and Savulescu, J and Mishra, A and Conitzer, V and Rudin, C},
Title = {Data solidarity for machine learning for embryo selection: a
call for the creation of an open access repository of embryo
data.},
Journal = {Reproductive biomedicine online},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {10-13},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.03.015},
Abstract = {The last decade has seen an explosion of machine learning
applications in healthcare, with mixed and sometimes harmful
results despite much promise and associated hype. A
significant reason for the reversal in the reported benefit
of these applications is the premature implementation of
machine learning algorithms in clinical practice. This paper
argues the critical need for 'data solidarity' for machine
learning for embryo selection. A recent Lancet and Financial
Times commission defined data solidarity as 'an approach to
the collection, use, and sharing of health data and data for
health that safeguards individual human rights while
building a culture of data justice and equity, and ensuring
that the value of data is harnessed for public good'
(Kickbusch et al., 2021).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.03.015},
Key = {fds363356}
}
@article{fds375187,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Panigrahi, D and Zhang, H},
Title = {Learning Influence Adoption in Heterogeneous
Networks},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2022},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {6411-6419},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577358763},
Abstract = {We study the problem of learning influence adoption in
networks. In this problem, a communicable entity (such as an
infectious disease, a computer virus, or a social media
meme) propagates through a network, and the goal is to learn
the state of each individual node by sampling only a small
number of nodes and observing/testing their states. We study
this problem in heterogeneous networks, in which each
individual node has a set of distinct features that
determine how it is affected by the propagating entity. We
give an efficient algorithm with nearly optimal sample
complexity for two variants of this learning problem,
corresponding to symptomatic and asymptomatic spread. In
each case, the optimal sample complexity naturally
generalizes both the complexity of learning how nodes are
affected in isolation, and the complexity of learning
influence adoption in a homogeneous network.},
Key = {fds375187}
}
@article{fds375188,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Planning with Participation Constraints},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2022},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {5260-5267},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577358763},
Abstract = {We pose and study the problem of planning in Markov decision
processes (MDPs), subject to participation constraints as
studied in mechanism design. In this problem, a planner must
work with a self-interested agent on a given MDP. Each
action in the MDP provides an immediate reward to the
planner and a (possibly different) reward to the agent. The
agent has no control in choosing the actions, but has the
option to end the entire process at any time. The goal of
the planner is to find a policy that maximizes her
cumulative reward, taking into consideration the agent's
ability to terminate. We give a fully polynomial-time
approximation scheme for this problem. En route, we present
polynomial-time algorithms for computing (exact) optimal
policies for important special cases of this problem,
including when the time horizon is constant, or when the MDP
exhibits a “definitive decisions” property. We
illustrate our algorithms with two different game-theoretic
applications: the problem of assigning rides in ride-sharing
and the problem of designing screening policies. Our results
imply efficient algorithms for computing (approximately)
optimal policies in both applications.},
Key = {fds375188}
}
@article{fds362917,
Author = {Awad, E and Levine, S and Anderson, M and Anderson, SL and Conitzer, V and Crockett, MJ and Everett, JAC and Evgeniou, T and Gopnik, A and Jamison,
JC and Kim, TW and Liao, SM and Meyer, MN and Mikhail, J and Opoku-Agyemang, K and Borg, JS and Schroeder, J and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Slavkovik, M and Tenenbaum,
JB},
Title = {Computational ethics.},
Journal = {Trends in cognitive sciences},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {388-405},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.02.009},
Abstract = {Technological advances are enabling roles for machines that
present novel ethical challenges. The study of 'AI ethics'
has emerged to confront these challenges, and connects
perspectives from philosophy, computer science, law, and
economics. Less represented in these interdisciplinary
efforts is the perspective of cognitive science. We propose
a framework - computational ethics - that specifies how the
ethical challenges of AI can be partially addressed by
incorporating the study of human moral decision-making. The
driver of this framework is a computational version of
reflective equilibrium (RE), an approach that seeks
coherence between considered judgments and governing
principles. The framework has two goals: (i) to inform the
engineering of ethical AI systems, and (ii) to characterize
human moral judgment and decision-making in computational
terms. Working jointly towards these two goals will create
the opportunity to integrate diverse research questions,
bring together multiple academic communities, uncover new
interdisciplinary research topics, and shed light on
centuries-old philosophical questions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.tics.2022.02.009},
Key = {fds362917}
}
@article{fds362969,
Author = {Chan, L and Schaich Borg and J and Conitzer, V and Wilkinson, D and Savulescu, J and Zohny, H and Sinnott-Armstrong,
W},
Title = {Which features of patients are morally relevant in
ventilator triage? A survey of the UK public.},
Journal = {BMC medical ethics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-022-00773-0},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>In the early stages of the COVID-19
pandemic, many health systems, including those in the UK,
developed triage guidelines to manage severe shortages of
ventilators. At present, there is an insufficient
understanding of how the public views these guidelines, and
little evidence on which features of a patient the public
believe should and should not be considered in ventilator
triage.<h4>Methods</h4>Two surveys were conducted with
representative UK samples. In the first survey, 525
participants were asked in an open-ended format to provide
features they thought should and should not be considered in
allocating ventilators for COVID-19 patients when not enough
ventilators are available. In the second survey, 505
participants were presented with 30 features identified from
the first study, and were asked if these features should
count in favour of a patient with the feature getting a
ventilator, count against the patient, or neither.
Statistical tests were conducted to determine if a feature
was generally considered by participants as morally relevant
and whether its mean was non-neutral.<h4>Results</h4>In
Survey 1, the features of a patient most frequently cited as
being morally relevant to determining who would receive
access to ventilators were age, general health, prospect of
recovery, having dependents, and the severity of COVID
symptoms. The features most frequently cited as being
morally irrelevant to determining who would receive access
to ventilators are race, gender, economic status, religion,
social status, age, sexual orientation, and career. In
Survey 2, the top three features that participants thought
should count in favour of receiving a ventilator were
pregnancy, having a chance of dying soon, and having waited
for a long time. The top three features that participants
thought should count against a patient receiving a
ventilator were having committed violent crimes in the past,
having unnecessarily engaged in activities with a high risk
of COVID-19 infection, and a low chance of
survival.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The public generally agreed
with existing UK guidelines that allocate ventilators
according to medical benefits and that aim to avoid
discrimination based on demographic features such as race
and gender. However, many participants expressed potentially
non-utilitarian concerns, such as inclining to deprioritise
ventilator allocation to those who had a criminal history or
who contracted the virus by needlessly engaging in high-risk
activities.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12910-022-00773-0},
Key = {fds362969}
}
@article{fds364269,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Kroer, C and Sodomka, E and Stier-Moses,
NE},
Title = {Multiplicative Pacing Equilibria in Auction
Markets},
Journal = {Operations Research},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {963-989},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2021.2167},
Abstract = {Budgets play a significant role in real-world sequential
auction markets such as those implemented by internet
companies. To maximize the value provided to auction
participants, spending is smoothed across auctions so
budgets are used for the best opportunities. Motivated by a
mechanism used in practice by several companies, this paper
considers a smoothing procedure that relies on pacing
multipliers: on behalf of each buyer, the auction market
applies a factor between 0 and 1 that uniformly scales the
bids across all auctions. Reinterpreting this process as a
game between buyers, we introduce the notion of pacing
equilibrium, and prove that they are always guaranteed to
exist. We demonstrate through examples that a market can
have multiple pacing equilibria with large variations in
several natural objectives. We show that pacing equilibria
refine another popular solution concept, competitive
equilibria, and show further connections between the two
solution concepts. Although we show that computing either a
social-welfare-maximizing or a revenue-maximizing pacing
equilibrium is NP-hard, we present a mixed-integer program
(MIP) that can be used to find equilibria optimizing several
relevant objectives. We use the MIP to provide evidence
that: (1) equilibrium multiplicity occurs very rarely across
several families of random instances, (2) static MIP
solutions can be used to improve the outcomes achieved by a
dynamic pacing algorithm with instances based on a
real-world auction market, and (3) for the instances we
study, buyers do not have an incentive to misreport bids or
budgets provided there are enough participants in the
market.},
Doi = {10.1287/opre.2021.2167},
Key = {fds364269}
}
@article{fds362137,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G and Stone,
P},
Title = {Mechanism Design for Correlated Valuations: Efficient
Methods for Revenue Maximization},
Journal = {Operations Research},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {562-584},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2020.2092},
Abstract = {Traditionally, the mechanism design literature has been
primarily focused on settings where the bidders' valuations
are independent. However, in settings where valuations are
correlated, much stronger results are possible. For example,
the entire surplus of efficient allocations can be extracted
as revenue. These stronger results are true, in theory,
under generic conditions on parameter values. However, in
practice, they are rarely, if ever, implementable because of
the stringent requirement that the mechanism designer knows
the distribution of the bidders types exactly. In this work,
we provide a computationally efficient and sample efficient
method for designing mechanisms that can robustly handle
imprecise estimates of the distribution over bidder
valuations. This method guarantees that the selected
mechanism will perform at least as well as any ex post
mechanism with high probability. The mechanism also performs
nearly optimally with sufficient information and
correlation. Furthermore, we show that when the distribution
is not known and must be estimated from samples from the
true distribution, a sufficiently high degree of correlation
is essential to implement optimal mechanisms. Finally, we
demonstrate through simulations that this new mechanism
design paradigm generates mechanisms that perform
significantly better than traditional mechanism design
techniques given sufficient samples. Copyright:},
Doi = {10.1287/opre.2020.2092},
Key = {fds362137}
}
@article{fds362192,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Feng, Z and Parkes, DC and Sodomka,
E},
Title = {Welfare-Preserving ε -BIC to BIC Transformation with
Negligible Revenue Loss},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {13112 LNCS},
Pages = {76-94},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783030946753},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94676-0_5},
Abstract = {In this paper, we provide a transform from an ε -BIC
mechanism into an exactly BIC mechanism without any loss of
social welfare and with additive and negligible revenue
loss. This is the first ε -BIC to BIC transformation that
preserves welfare and provides negligible revenue loss. The
revenue loss bound is tight given the requirement to
maintain social welfare. Previous ε -BIC to BIC
transformations preserve social welfare but have no revenue
guarantee [4], or suffer welfare loss while incurring a
revenue loss with both a multiplicative and an additive
term, e.g., [9, 14, 28]. The revenue loss achieved by our
transformation is incomparable to these earlier approaches
and can be significantly less. Our approach is different
from the previous replica-surrogate matching methods and we
directly make use of a directed and weighted type graph
(induced by the types’ regret), one for each agent. The
transformation runs a fractional rotation step and a payment
reducing step iteratively to make the mechanism Bayesian
incentive compatible. We also analyze ε -expected ex-post
IC (ε -EEIC) mechanisms [18]. We provide a
welfare-preserving transformation in this setting with the
same revenue loss guarantee for uniform type distributions
and give an impossibility result for non-uniform
distributions. We apply the transform to linear-programming
based and machine-learning based methods of automated
mechanism design.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-94676-0_5},
Key = {fds362192}
}
@article{fds364270,
Author = {Jecmen, S and Zhang, H and Liu, R and Fang, F and Conitzer, V and Shah,
NB},
Title = {Near-Optimal Reviewer Splitting in Two-Phase Paper Reviewing
and Conference Experiment Design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1642-1644},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713854333},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v10i1.21991},
Abstract = {Many scientific conferences employ a two-phase paper review
process, where some papers are assigned additional reviewers
after the initial reviews are submitted. Many conferences
also design and run experiments on their paper review
process, where some papers are assigned reviewers who
provide reviews under an experimental condition. In this
paper, we consider the question: how should reviewers be
divided between phases or conditions in order to maximize
total assignment similarity? We show both empirically (on
real conference data) and theoretically (under certain
natural conditions) that dividing reviewers uniformly at
random is near-optimal. The full paper is available at
https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06371.},
Doi = {10.1609/hcomp.v10i1.21991},
Key = {fds364270}
}
@article{fds375189,
Author = {Emmons, S and Oesterheld, C and Critch, A and Conitzer, V and Russell,
S},
Title = {For Learning in Symmetric Teams, Local Optima are Global
Nash Equilibria},
Journal = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research},
Volume = {162},
Pages = {5924-5943},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Although it has been known since the 1970s that a globally
optimal strategy profile in a common-payoff game is a Nash
equilibrium, global optimality is a strict requirement that
limits the result's applicability. In this work, we show
that any locally optimal symmetric strategy profile is also
a (global) Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, we show that this
result is robust to perturbations to the common payoff and
to the local optimum. Applied to machine learning, our
result provides a global guarantee for any gradient method
that finds a local optimum in symmetric strategy space.
While this result indicates stability to unilateral
deviation, we nevertheless identify broad classes of games
where mixed local optima are unstable under joint,
asymmetric deviations. We analyze the prevalence of
instability by running learning algorithms in a suite of
symmetric games, and we conclude by discussing the
applicability of our results to multi-agent RL, cooperative
inverse RL, and decentralized POMDPs.},
Key = {fds375189}
}
@article{fds375190,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Why should we ever automate moral decision
making?},
Journal = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
Volume = {3547},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {While people generally trust AI to make decisions in various
aspects of their lives, concerns arise when AI is involved
in decisions with significant moral implications. The
absence of a precise mathematical framework for moral
reasoning intensifies these concerns, as ethics often defies
simplistic mathematical models. Unlike fields such as
logical reasoning, reasoning under uncertainty, and
strategic decisionmaking, which have well-defined
mathematical frameworks, moral reasoning lacks a broadly
accepted framework. This absence raises questions about the
confidence we can place in AI's moral decisionmaking
capabilities. The environments in which AI systems are
typically trained today seem insufficiently rich for such a
system to learn ethics from scratch, and even if we had an
appropriate environment, it is unclear how we might bring
about such learning. An alternative approach involves AI
learning from human moral decisions. This learning process
can involve aggregating curated human judgments or
demonstrations in specific domains, or leveraging a
foundation model fed with a wide range of data. Still,
concerns persist, given the imperfections in human moral
decision making. Given this, why should we ever automate
moral decision making - is it not better to leave all moral
decision making to humans? This paper lays out a number of
reasons why we should expect AI systems to engage in
decisions with a moral component, with brief discussions of
the associated risks.},
Key = {fds375190}
}
@article{fds376623,
Author = {Jecmen, S and Zhang, H and Liu, R and Fang, F and Conitzer, V and Shah,
NB},
Title = {Near-Optimal Reviewer Splitting in Two-Phase Paper Reviewing
and Conference Experiment Design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and
Crowdsourcing},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {102-113},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358787},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v10i1.21991},
Abstract = {Many scientific conferences employ a two-phase paper review
process, where some papers are assigned additional reviewers
after the initial reviews are submitted. Many conferences
also design and run experiments on their paper review
process, where some papers are assigned reviewers who
provide reviews under an experimental condition. In this
paper, we consider the question: how should reviewers be
divided between phases or conditions in order to maximize
total assignments imilarity? We make several contributions
towards answering this question. First, we prove that when
the set of papers requiring additional review is unknown, a
simplified variant of this problem is NP-hard. Second, we
empirically show that across several datasets pertaining to
real conference data, dividing reviewers between
phases/conditions uniformly atrandom allows an assignment
that is nearly as good as the oracle optimal assignment.
This uniformly random choice is practical for both the
two-phase and conference experiment design settings. Third,
we provide explanations of this phenomenon by providing
theoretical bounds on the sub optimality of this random
strategy under certain natural conditions. From these
easily-interpretable conditions, we provide actionable
insights to conference program chairs about whether a random
reviewer split is suitable for their conference.},
Doi = {10.1609/hcomp.v10i1.21991},
Key = {fds376623}
}
@article{fds351475,
Author = {Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Extracting Money from Causal Decision Theorists},
Journal = {Philosophical Quarterly},
Volume = {71},
Number = {4},
Pages = {701-716},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pq/pqaa086},
Abstract = {Newcomb s problem has spawned a debate about which variant
of expected utility maximisation (if any) should guide
rational choice. In this paper, we provide a new argument
against what is probably the most popular variant: causal
decision theory (CDT). In particular, we provide two
scenarios in which CDT voluntarily loses money. In the
first, an agent faces a single choice and following CDT s
recommendation yields a loss of money in expectation. The
second scenario extends the first to a diachronic Dutch book
against CDT.},
Doi = {10.1093/pq/pqaa086},
Key = {fds351475}
}
@article{fds358736,
Author = {Afnan, MAM and Rudin, C and Conitzer, V and Savulescu, J and Mishra, A and Liu, Y and Afnan, M},
Title = {Ethical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence to Select
Embryos in in Vitro Fertilization},
Journal = {AIES 2021 - Proceedings of the 2021 AAAI/ACM Conference on
AI, Ethics, and Society},
Pages = {316-326},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781450384735},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462589},
Abstract = {AI has the potential to revolutionize many areas of
healthcare. Radiology, dermatology, and ophthalmology are
some of the areas most likely to be impacted in the near
future, and they have received significant attention from
the broader research community. But AI techniques are now
also starting to be used in in vitro fertilization (IVF), in
particular for selecting which embryos to transfer to the
woman. The contribution of AI to IVF is potentially
significant, but must be done carefully and transparently,
as the ethical issues are significant, in part because this
field involves creating new people. We first give a brief
introduction to IVF and review the use of AI for embryo
selection. We discuss concerns with the interpretation of
the reported results from scientific and practical
perspectives. We then consider the broader ethical issues
involved. We discuss in detail the problems that result from
the use of black-box methods in this context and advocate
strongly for the use of interpretable models. Importantly,
there have been no published trials of clinical
effectiveness, a problem in both the AI and IVF communities,
and we therefore argue that clinical implementation at this
point would be premature. Finally, we discuss ways for the
broader AI community to become involved to ensure
scientifically sound and ethically responsible development
of AI in IVF.},
Doi = {10.1145/3461702.3462589},
Key = {fds358736}
}
@article{fds355781,
Author = {Kephart, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {The Revelation Principle for Mechanism Design with Signaling
Costs},
Journal = {ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3434408},
Abstract = {The revelation principle is a key tool in mechanism design.
It allows the designer to restrict attention to truthful
mechanisms, greatly facilitating analysis. This is also
borne out algorithmically, allowing certain computational
problems in mechanism design to be solved in polynomial
time. Unfortunately, when not every type can misreport every
other type (the partial verification model) or-more
generally-misreporting can be costly, the revelation
principle can fail to hold. This also leads to NP-hardness
results. The primary contribution of this article consists
of characterizations of conditions under which the
revelation principle still holds when reporting can be
costly. (These are generalizations of conditions given
earlier for the partial verification case [11, 21].)
Furthermore, our results extend to cases where, instead of
reporting types directly, agents send signals that do not
directly correspond to types. In this case, we obtain
conditions for when the mechanism designer can restrict
attention to a given (but arbitrary) mapping from types to
signals without loss of generality.},
Doi = {10.1145/3434408},
Key = {fds355781}
}
@article{fds363357,
Author = {McElfresh, DC and Chan, L and Doyle, K and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Conitzer, V and Borg, JS and Dickerson, JP},
Title = {Indecision Modeling},
Journal = {35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2021},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {5975-5983},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {AI systems are often used to make or contribute to important
decisions in a growing range of applications, including
criminal justice, hiring, and medicine. Since these
decisions impact human lives, it is important that the AI
systems act in ways which align with human values.
Techniques for preference modeling and social choice help
researchers learn and aggregate peoples’ preferences,
which are used to guide AI behavior; thus, it is imperative
that these learned preferences are accurate. These
techniques often assume that people are willing to express
strict preferences over alternatives; which is not true in
practice. People are often indecisive, and especially so
when their decision has moral implications. The philosophy
and psychology literature shows that indecision is a
measurable and nuanced behavior—and that there are several
different reasons people are indecisive. This complicates
the task of both learning and aggregating preferences, since
most of the relevant literature makes restrictive
assumptions on the meaning of indecision. We begin to close
this gap by formalizing several mathematical indecision
models based on theories from philosophy, psychology, and
economics; these models can be used to describe (indecisive)
agent decisions, both when they are allowed to express
indecision and when they are not. We test these models using
data collected from an online survey where participants
choose how to (hypothetically) allocate organs to patients
waiting for a transplant.},
Key = {fds363357}
}
@article{fds375192,
Author = {Afnan, MAM and Liu, Y and Conitzer, V and Rudin, C and Mishra, A and Savulescu, J and Afnan, M},
Title = {Interpretable, not black-box, artificial intelligence should
be used for embryo selection.},
Journal = {Human reproduction open},
Volume = {2021},
Number = {4},
Pages = {hoab040},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoab040},
Abstract = {Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are starting to be
used in IVF, in particular for selecting which embryos to
transfer to the woman. AI has the potential to process
complex data sets, to be better at identifying subtle but
important patterns, and to be more objective than humans
when evaluating embryos. However, a current review of the
literature shows much work is still needed before AI can be
ethically implemented for this purpose. No randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) have been published, and the
efficacy studies which exist demonstrate that algorithms can
broadly differentiate well between 'good-' and 'poor-'
quality embryos but not necessarily between embryos of
similar quality, which is the actual clinical need. Almost
universally, the AI models were opaque ('black-box') in that
at least some part of the process was uninterpretable. This
gives rise to a number of epistemic and ethical concerns,
including problems with trust, the possibility of using
algorithms that generalize poorly to different populations,
adverse economic implications for IVF clinics, potential
misrepresentation of patient values, broader societal
implications, a responsibility gap in the case of poor
selection choices and introduction of a more paternalistic
decision-making process. Use of interpretable models, which
are constrained so that a human can easily understand and
explain them, could overcome these concerns. The
contribution of AI to IVF is potentially significant, but we
recommend that AI models used in this field should be
interpretable, and rigorously evaluated with RCTs before
implementation. We also recommend long-term follow-up of
children born after AI for embryo selection, regulatory
oversight for implementation, and public availability of
data and code to enable research teams to independently
reproduce and validate existing models.},
Doi = {10.1093/hropen/hoab040},
Key = {fds375192}
}
@article{fds358737,
Author = {Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Safe pareto improvements for delegated game
playing},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {971-979},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713832621},
Abstract = {A set of players delegate playing a game to a set of
representatives, one for each player. We imagine that each
player trusts their respective representative’s strategic
abilities. Thus, we might imagine that per default, the
original players would simply instruct the representatives
to play the original game as best as they can. In this
paper, we ask: are there safe Pareto improvements on this
default way of giving instructions? That is, we imagine that
the original players can coordinate to tell their
representatives to only consider some subset of the
available strategies and to assign utilities to outcomes
differently than the original players. Then can the original
players do this in such a way that the payoff is guaranteed
to be weakly higher than under the default instructions for
all the original players? In particular, can they
Pareto-improve without probabilistic assumptions about how
the representatives play games? In this paper, we give some
examples of safe Pareto improvements. We prove that the
notion of safe Pareto improvements is closely related to a
notion of outcome correspondence between games. We also show
that under some specific assumptions about how the
representatives play games, finding safe Pareto improvements
is NP-complete.},
Key = {fds358737}
}
@article{fds363358,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Automated Mechanism Design for Classification with Partial
Verification},
Journal = {35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2021},
Volume = {6B},
Pages = {5789-5796},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713835974},
Abstract = {We study the problem of automated mechanism design with
partial verification, where each type can (mis)report only a
restricted set of types (rather than any other type),
induced by the principal’s limited verification power. We
prove hardness results when the revelation principle does
not necessarily hold, as well as when types have even
minimally different preferences. In light of these hardness
results, we focus on truthful mechanisms in the setting
where all types share the same preference over outcomes,
which is motivated by applications in, e.g., strategic
classification. We present a number of algorithmic and
structural results, including an efficient algorithm for
finding optimal deterministic truthful mechanisms, which
also implies a faster algorithm for finding optimal
randomized truthful mechanisms via a characterization based
on convexity. We then consider a more general setting, where
the principal’s cost is a function of the combination of
outcomes assigned to each type. In particular, we focus on
the case where the cost function is submodular, and give
generalizations of essentially all our results in the
classical setting where the cost function is additive. Our
results provide a relatively complete picture for automated
mechanism design with partial verification.},
Key = {fds363358}
}
@article{fds363359,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Classification with Few Tests through Self-Selection},
Journal = {35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2021},
Volume = {6B},
Pages = {5805-5812},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713835974},
Abstract = {We study test-based binary classification, where a principal
either accepts or rejects agents based on the outcomes they
get in a set of tests. The principal commits to a policy,
which consists of all sets of outcomes that lead to
acceptance. Each agent is modeled by a distribution over the
space of possible outcomes. When an agent takes a test, he
pays a cost and receives an independent sample from his
distribution as the outcome. Agents can always choose
between taking another test and stopping. They maximize
their expected utility, which is the value of acceptance if
the principal’s policy accepts the set of outcomes they
have and 0 otherwise, minus the total cost of tests taken.
We focus on the case where agents can be either “good”
or “bad” (corresponding to their distribution over test
outcomes), and the principal’s goal is to accept good
agents and reject bad ones. We show, roughly speaking, that
as long as the good and bad agents have different
distributions (which can be arbitrarily close to each
other), the principal can always achieve perfect accuracy,
meaning good agents are accepted with probability 1, and bad
ones are rejected with probability 1. Moreover, there is a
policy achieving perfect accuracy under which the maximum
number of tests any agent needs to take is constant — in
sharp contrast to the case where the principal directly
observes samples from agents’ distributions. The key
technique is to choose the policy so that agents self-select
into taking tests.},
Key = {fds363359}
}
@article{fds363360,
Author = {Krishnaswamy, AK and Li, H and Rein, D and Zhang, H and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {Classification with Strategically Withheld
Data∗},
Journal = {35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2021},
Volume = {6B},
Pages = {5514-5522},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713835974},
Abstract = {Machine learning techniques can be useful in applications
such as credit approval and college admission. However, to
be classified more favorably in such contexts, an agent may
decide to strategically withhold some of her features, such
as bad test scores. This is a missing data problem with a
twist: which data is missing depends on the chosen
classifier, because the specific classifier is what may
create the incentive to withhold certain feature values. We
address the problem of training classifiers that are robust
to this behavior. We design three classification methods:
MINCUT, HILL-CLIMBING (HC) and Incentive-Compatible Logistic
Regression (IC-LR). We show that MINCUT is optimal when the
true distribution of data is fully known. However, it can
produce complex decision boundaries, and hence be prone to
overfitting in some cases. Based on a characterization of
truthful classifiers (i.e., those that give no incentive to
strategically hide features), we devise a simpler
alternative called HC which consists of a hierarchical
ensemble of out-of-the-box classifiers, trained using a
specialized hill-climbing procedure which we show to be
convergent. For several reasons, MINCUT and HC are not
effective in utilizing a large number of complementarily
informative features. To this end, we present IC-LR, a
modification of Logistic Regression that removes the
incentive to strategically drop features. We also show that
our algorithms perform well in experiments on real-world
data sets, and present insights into their relative
performance in different settings.},
Key = {fds363360}
}
@article{fds363361,
Author = {Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Incentive-Aware PAC Learning},
Journal = {35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2021},
Volume = {6B},
Pages = {5797-5804},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713835974},
Abstract = {We study PAC learning in the presence of strategic
manipulation, where data points may modify their features in
certain predefined ways in order to receive a better
outcome. We show that the vanilla ERM principle fails to
achieve any nontrivial guarantee in this context. Instead,
we propose an incentive-aware version of the ERM principle
which has asymptotically optimal sample complexity. We then
focus our attention on incentive-compatible classifiers,
which provably prevent any kind of strategic manipulation.
We give a sample complexity bound that is, curiously,
independent of the hypothesis class, for the ERM principle
restricted to incentive-compatible classifiers. This
suggests that incentive compatibility alone can act as an
effective means of regularization. We further show that it
is without loss of generality to consider only
incentive-compatible classifiers when opportunities for
strategic manipulation satisfy a transitivity condition. As
a consequence, in such cases, our hypothesis-class-independent
sample complexity bound applies even without incentive
compatibility. Our results set the foundations of
incentive-aware PAC learning.},
Key = {fds363361}
}
@article{fds363877,
Author = {Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Automated Dynamic Mechanism Design},
Journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {27785-27797},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713845393},
Abstract = {We study Bayesian automated mechanism design in unstructured
dynamic environments, where a principal repeatedly interacts
with an agent, and takes actions based on the strategic
agent's report of the current state of the world. Both the
principal and the agent can have arbitrary and potentially
different valuations for the actions taken, possibly also
depending on the actual state of the world. Moreover, at any
time, the state of the world may evolve arbitrarily
depending on the action taken by the principal. The goal is
to compute an optimal mechanism which maximizes the
principal's utility in the face of the self-interested
strategic agent. We give an efficient algorithm for
computing optimal mechanisms, with or without payments,
under different individual-rationality constraints, when the
time horizon is constant. Our algorithm is based on a
sophisticated linear program formulation, which can be
customized in various ways to accommodate richer
constraints. For environments with large time horizons, we
show that the principal's optimal utility is hard to
approximate within a certain constant factor, complementing
our algorithmic result. These results paint a relatively
complete picture for automated dynamic mechanism design in
unstructured environments. We further consider a special
case of the problem where the agent is myopic, and give a
refined efficient algorithm whose time complexity scales
linearly in the time horizon. In the full version of the
paper, we show that memoryless mechanisms, which are without
loss of generality optimal in Markov decision processes
without strategic behavior, do not provide a good solution
for our problem, in terms of both optimality and
computational tractability. Moreover, we present
experimental results where our algorithms are applied to
synthetic dynamic environments with different
characteristics, which not only serve as a proof of concept
for our algorithms, but also exhibit intriguing phenomena in
dynamic mechanism design.},
Key = {fds363877}
}
@article{fds325596,
Author = {Kolb, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Crying about a strategic wolf: A theory of crime and
warning},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {189},
Number = {16},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2020.105094},
Abstract = {We analyze cheap talk warnings about a strategic adversary,
with applications to cybersecurity and national security.
Each period an expert receives a noisy private signal about
whether an attack by the adversary is feasible. The expert
wants to warn a decision maker while also maintaining
credibility for future warnings, but unlike in a standard
cheap talk game, the adversary can undermine the expert's
credibility by delaying attack. While such delays increase
“warning fatigue,” they also make the expert less
tempted to exaggerate so as to avoid too many false alarms.
We show that the net effect of a strategic adversary can be
better incentive alignment between the expert and decision
maker that benefits them both. Moreover, we show that
sometimes the expert and decision maker benefit from the
expert's ability to exaggerate, as this can induce more
defensive action and more strategic delay.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2020.105094},
Key = {fds325596}
}
@article{fds351430,
Author = {Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Combinatorial Ski Rental and Online Bipartite
Matching},
Journal = {EC 2020 - Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {879-910},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781450379755},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3391403.3399470},
Abstract = {We consider a combinatorial variant of the classical ski
rental problem - - which we call combinatorial ski rental -
- where multiple resources are available to purchase and to
rent, and are demanded online. Moreover, the costs of
purchasing and renting are potentially combinatorial. The
dual problem of combinatorial ski rental, which we call
combinatorial online bipartite matching, generalizes the
classical online bipartite matching problem into a form
where constraints, induced by both offline and online
vertices, can be combinatorial. We give a 2-competitive
(resp. e / (e - 1)-competitive) deterministic (resp.
randomized) algorithm for combinatorial ski rental, and an e
/ (e - 1)-competitive algorithm for combinatorial online
bipartite matching. All these ratios are optimal given
simple lower bounds inherited from the respective
well-studied special cases. We also prove
information-theoretic impossibility of constant-factor
algorithms when any part of our assumptions is considerably
relaxed.},
Doi = {10.1145/3391403.3399470},
Key = {fds351430}
}
@article{fds349164,
Author = {Freedman, R and Borg, JS and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Dickerson, JP and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Adapting a kidney exchange algorithm to align with human
values},
Journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {283},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2020.103261},
Abstract = {The efficient and fair allocation of limited resources is a
classical problem in economics and computer science. In
kidney exchanges, a central market maker allocates living
kidney donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and
donors in kidney exchanges are prioritized using ad-hoc
weights decided on by committee and then fed into an
allocation algorithm that determines who gets what—and who
does not. In this paper, we provide an end-to-end
methodology for estimating weights of individual participant
profiles in a kidney exchange. We first elicit from human
subjects a list of patient attributes they consider
acceptable for the purpose of prioritizing patients (e.g.,
medical characteristics, lifestyle choices, and so on).
Then, we ask subjects comparison queries between patient
profiles and estimate weights in a principled way from their
responses. We show how to use these weights in kidney
exchange market clearing algorithms. We then evaluate the
impact of the weights in simulations and find that the
precise numerical values of the weights we computed matter
little, other than the ordering of profiles that they imply.
However, compared to not prioritizing patients at all, there
is a significant effect, with certain classes of patients
being (de)prioritized based on the human-elicited value
judgments.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2020.103261},
Key = {fds349164}
}
@article{fds348892,
Author = {Chan, L and Doyle, K and McElfresh, DC and Conitzer, V and Dickerson,
JP and Borg, JS and Sinnott-Armstrong, W},
Title = {Artificial artificial intelligence: Measuring influence of
AI 'Assessments' on moral decision-making},
Journal = {AIES 2020 - Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI,
Ethics, and Society},
Pages = {214-220},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3375627.3375870},
Abstract = {Given AI's growing role in modeling and improving
decision-making, how and when to present users with feedback
is an urgent topic to address. We empirically examined the
effect of feedback from false AI on moral decision-making
about donor kidney allocation. We found some evidence that
judgments about whether a patient should receive a kidney
can be influenced by feedback about participants' own
decision-making perceived to be given by AI, even if the
feedback is entirely random.We also discovered different
effects between assessments presented as being from human
experts and assessments presented as being from
AI.},
Doi = {10.1145/3375627.3375870},
Key = {fds348892}
}
@article{fds348964,
Author = {Skorburg, JA and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {AI Methods in Bioethics.},
Journal = {AJOB empirical bioethics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-39},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23294515.2019.1706206},
Doi = {10.1080/23294515.2019.1706206},
Key = {fds348964}
}
@article{fds354268,
Author = {Oesterheld, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Minimum-Regret Contracts for Principal-Expert
Problems},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {12495 LNCS},
Pages = {430-443},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783030649456},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64946-3_30},
Abstract = {We consider a principal-expert problem in which a principal
contracts one or more experts to acquire and report
decision-relevant information. The principal never finds out
what information is available to which expert, at what costs
that information is available, or what costs the experts
actually end up paying. This makes it challenging for the
principal to compensate the experts in a way that
incentivizes acquisition of relevant information without
overpaying. We determine the payment scheme that minimizes
the principal’s worst-case regret relative to the
first-best solution. In particular, we show that under two
different assumptions about the experts’ available
information, the optimal payment scheme is a set of linear
contracts.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-64946-3_30},
Key = {fds354268}
}
@article{fds354269,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Deng, Y and Dughmi, S},
Title = {Bayesian Repeated Zero-Sum Games with Persistent State, with
Application to Security Games},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {12495 LNCS},
Pages = {444-458},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783030649456},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64946-3_31},
Abstract = {We study infinitely-repeated two-player zero-sum games with
one-sided private information and a persistent state. Here,
only one of the two players learns the state of the repeated
game. We consider two models: either the state is chosen by
nature, or by one of the players. For the former, the
equilibrium of the repeated game is known to be equivalent
to that of a one-shot public signaling game, and we make
this equivalence algorithmic. For the latter, we show
equivalence to one-shot team max-min games, and also provide
an algorithmic reduction. We apply this framework to
repeated zero-sum security games with private information on
the side of the defender and provide an almost complete
characterization of their computational complexity.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-64946-3_31},
Key = {fds354269}
}
@article{fds356399,
Author = {Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Learning the valuations of a k-demand agent},
Journal = {37th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML
2020},
Volume = {PartF168147-15},
Pages = {11000-11009},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713821120},
Abstract = {We study problems where a learner aims to learn the
valuations of an agent by observing which goods he buys
under varying price vectors. More specifically, we consider
the case of a k-demand agent, whose valuation over the goods
is additive when receiving up to k goods, but who has no
interest in receiving more than k goods. We settle the query
complexity for the active-learning (preference elicitation)
version, where the learner chooses the prices to post, by
giving a biased binary search algorithm, generalizing the
classical binary search procedure. We complement our query
complexity upper bounds by lower bounds that match up to
lower-order terms. We also study the passive-learning
version in which the learner does not control the prices,
and instead they are sampled from some distribution. We show
that in the PAC model for passive learning, any empirical
risk minimizer has a sample complexity that is optimal up to
a factor of eO(k).},
Key = {fds356399}
}
@article{fds356400,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Panigrahi, D and Zhang, H},
Title = {Learning opinions in social networks},
Journal = {37th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML
2020},
Volume = {PartF168147-3},
Pages = {2100-2110},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781713821120},
Abstract = {We study the problem of learning opinions in social
networks. The learner observes the states of some sample
nodes from a social network, and tries to infer the states
of other nodes, based on the structure of the network. We
show that sample-efficient learning is impossible when the
network exhibits strong noise, and give a polynomial-time
algorithm for the problem with nearly optimal sample
complexity when the network is sufficiently
stable.},
Key = {fds356400}
}
@article{fds357491,
Author = {Jecmen, S and Zhang, H and Liu, R and Shah, NB and Conitzer, V and Fang,
F},
Title = {Mitigating manipulation in peer review via randomized
reviewer assignments},
Journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems},
Volume = {2020-December},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We consider three important challenges in conference peer
review: (i) reviewers maliciously attempting to get assigned
to certain papers to provide positive reviews, possibly as
part of quid-pro-quo arrangements with the authors; (ii)
“torpedo reviewing,” where reviewers deliberately
attempt to get assigned to certain papers that they dislike
in order to reject them; (iii) reviewer de-anonymization on
release of the similarities and the reviewer-assignment
code. On the conceptual front, we identify connections
between these three problems and present a framework that
brings all these challenges under a common umbrella. We then
present a (randomized) algorithm for reviewer assignment
that can optimally solve the reviewer-assignment problem
under any given constraints on the probability of assignment
for any reviewer-paper pair. We further consider the problem
of restricting the joint probability that certain suspect
pairs of reviewers are assigned to certain papers, and show
that this problem is NP-hard for arbitrary constraints on
these joint probabilities but efficiently solvable for a
practical special case. Finally, we experimentally evaluate
our algorithms on datasets from past conferences, where we
observe that they can limit the chance that any malicious
reviewer gets assigned to their desired paper to 50% while
producing assignments with over 90% of the total optimal
similarity.},
Key = {fds357491}
}
@article{fds348969,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Kroer, C and Panigrahi, D and Schrijvers, O and Sodomka,
E and Stier-Moses, NE and Wilkens, C},
Title = {Pacing Equilibrium in First-Price Auction
Markets},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Conference on Economics and
Computation},
Publisher = {ACM},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781450367929},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3328526.3329600},
Doi = {10.1145/3328526.3329600},
Key = {fds348969}
}
@article{fds333306,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {A Puzzle about Further Facts},
Journal = {Erkenntnis},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {727-739},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10670-018-9979-6},
Abstract = {In metaphysics, there are a number of distinct but related
questions about the existence of “further facts”—facts
that are contingent relative to the physical structure of
the universe. These include further facts about qualia,
personal identity, and time. In this article I provide a
sequence of examples involving computer simulations, ranging
from one in which the protagonist can clearly conclude such
further facts exist to one that describes our own condition.
This raises the question of where along the sequence (if at
all) the protagonist stops being able to soundly conclude
that further facts exist.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10670-018-9979-6},
Key = {fds333306}
}
@article{fds345864,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Hadfield, G and Vallor, S},
Title = {AIES 2019 program chairs' welcome},
Journal = {AIES 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 AAAI/ACM Conference on
AI, Ethics, and Society},
Pages = {III-IV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450363242},
Key = {fds345864}
}
@article{fds346381,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {The exact computational complexity of evolutionarily stable
strategies},
Journal = {Mathematics of Operations Research},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {783-792},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2018.0945},
Abstract = {While the computational complexity of many game-theoretic
solution concepts, notably Nash equilibrium, has now been
settled, the question of determining the exact complexity of
computing an evolutionarily stable strategy has resisted
solution since attention was drawn to it in 2004. In this
paper, I settle this question by proving that deciding the
existence of an evolutionarily stable strategy is ΣP2
complete.},
Doi = {10.1287/moor.2018.0945},
Key = {fds346381}
}
@article{fds348965,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Designing preferences, beliefs, and identities for
artificial intelligence},
Journal = {33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2019,
31st Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Conference, IAAI 2019 and the 9th AAAI Symposium on
Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, EAAI
2019},
Pages = {9755-9759},
Publisher = {ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358091},
Abstract = {Research in artificial intelligence, as well as in economics
and other related fields, generally proceeds from the
premise that each agent has a well-defined identity,
well-defined preferences over outcomes, and well-defined
beliefs about the world. However, as we design AI systems,
we in fact need to specify where the boundaries between one
agent and another in the system lie, what objective
functions these agents aim to maximize, and to some extent
even what belief formation processes they use. The premise
of this paper is that as AI is being broadly deployed in the
world, we need well-founded theories of, and methodologies
and algorithms for, how to design preferences, identities,
and beliefs. This paper lays out an approach to address
these problems from a rigorous foundation in decision
theory, game theory, social choice theory, and the
algorithmic and computational aspects of these
fields.},
Key = {fds348965}
}
@article{fds348966,
Author = {Zhang, H and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A PAC framework for aggregating agents' judgments},
Journal = {33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2019,
31st Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Conference, IAAI 2019 and the 9th AAAI Symposium on
Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, EAAI
2019},
Pages = {2237-2244},
Publisher = {ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358091},
Abstract = {Specifying the objective function that an AI system should
pursue can be challenging. Especially when the decisions to
be made by the system have a moral component, input from
multiple stakeholders is often required. We consider
approaches that query them about their judgments in
individual examples, and then aggregate these judgments into
a general policy. We propose a formal learning-theoretic
framework for this setting. We then give general results on
how to translate classical results from PAC learning into
results in our framework. Subsequently, we show that in some
settings, better results can be obtained by working directly
in our framework. Finally, we discuss how our model can be
extended in a variety of ways for future
research.},
Key = {fds348966}
}
@article{fds348967,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A better algorithm for societal tradeoffs},
Journal = {33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2019,
31st Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Conference, IAAI 2019 and the 9th AAAI Symposium on
Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, EAAI
2019},
Pages = {2229-2236},
Publisher = {ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358091},
Abstract = {In the societal tradeoffs problem, each agent perceives
certain quantitative tradeoffs between pairs of activities,
and the goal is to aggregate these tradeoffs across agents.
This is a problem in social choice; specifically, it is a
type of quantitative judgment aggregation problem. A natural
rule for this problem was axiomatized by Conitzer et al.
[AAAI 2016]; they also provided several algorithms for
computing the outcomes of this rule. In this paper, we
present a significantly improved algorithm and evaluate it
experimentally. Our algorithm is based on a tight connection
to minimum-cost flow that we exhibit. We also show that our
algorithm cannot be improved without breakthroughs on
min-cost flow.},
Key = {fds348967}
}
@article{fds348968,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Shah, N and Vaughan,
JW},
Title = {Group fairness for the allocation of indivisible
goods},
Journal = {33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2019,
31st Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Conference, IAAI 2019 and the 9th AAAI Symposium on
Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, EAAI
2019},
Pages = {1853-1860},
Publisher = {ASSOC ADVANCEMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358091},
Abstract = {We consider the problem of fairly dividing a collection of
indivisible goods among a set of players. Much of the
existing literature on fair division focuses on notions of
individual fairness. For instance, envy-freeness requires
that no player prefer the set of goods allocated to another
player to her own allocation. We observe that an algorithm
satisfying such individual fairness notions can still treat
groups of players unfairly, with one group desiring the
goods allocated to another. Our main contribution is a
notion of group fairness, which implies most existing
notions of individual fairness. Group fairness (like
individual fairness) cannot be satisfied exactly with
indivisible goods. Thus, we introduce two “up to one
good” style relaxations. We show that, somewhat
surprisingly, certain local optima of the Nash welfare
function satisfy both relaxations and can be computed in
pseudo-polynomial time by local search. Our experiments
reveal faster computation and stronger fairness guarantees
in practice.},
Key = {fds348968}
}
@article{fds350368,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Distinguishing distributions when samples are strategically
transformed},
Journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems},
Volume = {32},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Often, a principal must make a decision based on data
provided by an agent. Moreover, typically, that agent has an
interest in the decision that is not perfectly aligned with
that of the principal. Thus, the agent may have an incentive
to select from or modify the samples he obtains before
sending them to the principal. In other settings, the
principal may not even be able to observe samples directly;
instead, she must rely on signals that the agent is able to
send based on the samples that he obtains, and he will
choose these signals strategically. In this paper, we give
necessary and sufficient conditions for when the principal
can distinguish between agents of “good” and “bad”
types, when the type affects the distribution of samples
that the agent has access to. We also study the
computational complexity of checking these conditions.
Finally, we study how many samples are needed.},
Key = {fds350368}
}
@article{fds375310,
Author = {Zhang, H and Cheng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {When samples are strategically selected},
Journal = {36th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML
2019},
Volume = {2019-June},
Pages = {12733-12743},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781510886988},
Abstract = {In standard classification problems, the assumption is that
the entity making the decision (the principal) has access to
all the samples. However, in many contexts, she either docs
not have direct access to the samples, or can inspect only a
limited set of samples and does not know which are the most
relevant ones. In such cases, she must rely on another party
(the agent) to either provide the samples or point out the
most relevant ones. If the agent has a different objective,
then the principal cannot trust the submitted samples to be
representative. She must set a policy for how she makes
decisions, keeping in mind the agent's incentives. In this
paper, we introduce a theoretical framework for this problem
and provide key structural and computational
results.},
Key = {fds375310}
}
@article{fds341328,
Author = {Kramer, MF and Schaich Borg and J and Conitzer, V and Sinnott-Armstrong,
W},
Title = {When Do People Want AI to Make Decisions?},
Journal = {AIES 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM Conference on
AI, Ethics, and Society},
Pages = {204-209},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781450360128},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3278721.3278752},
Abstract = {AI systems are now or will soon be sophisticated enough to
make consequential decisions. Although this technology has
flourished, we also need public appraisals of AI systems
playing these more important roles. This article reports
surveys of preferences for and against AI systems making
decisions in various domains as well as experiments that
intervene on these preferences. We find that these
preferences are contingent on subjects' previous exposure to
computer systems making these kinds of decisions, and some
interventions designed to mimic previous exposure
successfully encourage subjects to be more hospitable to
computer systems making these weighty decisions.},
Doi = {10.1145/3278721.3278752},
Key = {fds341328}
}
@article{fds348970,
Author = {Freedman, R and Schaich Borg and J and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Dickerson, JP and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Adapting a Kidney Exchange Algorithm to Align with Human
Values},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics,
and Society},
Publisher = {ACM},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781450360128},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3278721.3278727},
Doi = {10.1145/3278721.3278727},
Key = {fds348970}
}
@article{fds335334,
Author = {Ueda, S and Iwasaki, A and Conitzer, V and Ohta, N and Sakurai, Y and Yokoo, M},
Title = {Coalition structure generation in cooperative games with
compact representations},
Journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-533},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10458-018-9386-z},
Abstract = {This paper presents a new way of formalizing the coalition
structure generation problem (CSG) so that we can apply
constraint optimization techniques to it. Forming effective
coalitions is a major research challenge in AI and
multi-agent systems. CSG involves partitioning a set of
agents into coalitions to maximize social surplus.
Traditionally, the input of the CSG problem is a black-box
function called a characteristic function, which takes a
coalition as input and returns the value of the coalition.
As a result, applying constraint optimization techniques to
this problem has been infeasible. However, characteristic
functions that appear in practice often can be represented
concisely by a set of rules, rather than treating the
function as a black box. Then we can solve the CSG problem
more efficiently by directly applying constraint
optimization techniques to this compact representation. We
present new formalizations of the CSG problem by utilizing
recently developed compact representation schemes for
characteristic functions. We first characterize the
complexity of CSG under these representation schemes. In
this context, the complexity is driven more by the number of
rules than by the number of agents. As an initial step
toward developing efficient constraint optimization
algorithms for solving the CSG problem, we also develop
mixed integer programming formulations and show that an
off-the-shelf optimization package can perform reasonably
well.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10458-018-9386-z},
Key = {fds335334}
}
@article{fds337141,
Author = {Freeman, R and Zahedi, SM and Conitzer, V and Lee,
BC},
Title = {Dynamic Proportional Sharing},
Journal = {Performance Evaluation Review},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-35},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781450358460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3219617.3219631},
Abstract = {Sharing computational resources amortizes cost and improves
utilization and efficiency. When agents pool their
resources, each becomes entitled to a portion of the shared
pool. Static allocations in each round can guarantee
entitlements and are strategy-proof, but efficiency suffers
because allocations do not reflect variations in agents'
demands for resources across rounds. Dynamic allocation
mechanisms assign resources to agents across multiple rounds
while guaranteeing agents their entitlements. Designing
dynamic mechanisms is challenging, however, when agents are
strategic and can benefit by misreporting their demands for
resources. In this paper, we show that dynamic allocation
mechanisms based on max-min fail to guarantee entitlements,
strategy-proofness or both. We propose the flexible lending
(FL) mechanism and show that it satisfies strategy-proofness
and guarantees at least half of the utility from static
allocations while providing an asymptotic efficiency
guarantee. Our simulations with real and synthetic data show
that the performance of the flexible lending mechanism is
comparable to that of state-of-the-art mechanisms, providing
agents with at least 0.98x, and on average 15x, of their
utility from static allocations. Finally, we propose the T
-period mechanism and prove that it satisfies
strategy-proofness and guarantees entitlements for T łe
2.},
Doi = {10.1145/3219617.3219631},
Key = {fds337141}
}
@article{fds332974,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Technical perspective designing algorithms and the fairness
criteria they should satisfy},
Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {92},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3166066},
Doi = {10.1145/3166066},
Key = {fds332974}
}
@article{fds339563,
Author = {De Weerdt and M and Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Van Der Linden,
K},
Title = {Complexity of scheduling charging in the smart
grid},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2018-July},
Pages = {4736-4742},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780999241127},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/658},
Abstract = {The problem of optimally scheduling the charging demand of
electric vehicles within the constraints of the electricity
infrastructure is called the charge scheduling problem. The
models of the charging speed, horizon, and charging demand
determine the computational complexity of the charge
scheduling problem. We show that for about 20 variants the
problem is either in P or weakly NP-hard and dynamic
programs exist to compute optimal solutions. About 10 other
variants of the problem are strongly NP-hard, presenting a
potentially significant obstacle to their use in practical
situations of scale. An experimental study establishes up to
what parameter values the dynamic programs can determine
optimal solutions in a couple of minutes.},
Doi = {10.24963/ijcai.2018/658},
Key = {fds339563}
}
@article{fds341330,
Author = {Deng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Disarmament games with resources},
Journal = {32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2018},
Pages = {981-988},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358008},
Abstract = {A paper by Deng and Conitzer in AAAI'17 introduces
disarmament games, in which players alternatingly commit not
to play certain pure strategies. However, in practice
disarmament usually does not consist in removing a strategy,
but rather in removing a resource (and doing so rules out
all the strategies in which that resource is used
simultaneously). In this paper, we introduce a model of
disarmament games in which resources, rather than
strategies, are removed. We prove NP-completeness of several
formulations of the problem of achieving desirable outcomes
via disarmament. We then study the case where resources can
be fractionally removed, and prove a result analogous to the
folk theorem that all desirable outcomes can be achieved. We
show that we can approximately achieve any desirable outcome
in a polynomial number of rounds, though determining whether
a given outcome can be obtained in a given number of rounds
remains NP-complete.},
Key = {fds341330}
}
@article{fds341329,
Author = {Freedman, R and Dickerson, JP and Borg, JS and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Adapting a kidney exchange algorithm to align with human
values},
Journal = {32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2018},
Pages = {1636-1643},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577358008},
Abstract = {The efficient allocation of limited resources is a classical
problem in economics and computer science. In kidney
exchanges, a central market maker allocates living kidney
donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and donors
in kidney exchanges are prioritized using ad-hoc weights
decided on by committee and then fed into an allocation
algorithm that determines who get what-and who does not. In
this paper, we provide an end-to-end methodology for
estimating weights of individual participant profiles in a
kidney exchange. We first elicit from human subjects a list
of patient attributes they consider acceptable for the
purpose of prioritizing patients (e.g., medical
characteristics, lifestyle choices, and so on). Then, we ask
subjects comparison queries between patient profiles and
estimate weights in a principled way from their responses.
We show how to use these weights in kidney exchange market
clearing algorithms. We then evaluate the impact of the
weights in simulations and find that the precise numerical
values of the weights we computed matter little, other than
the ordering of profiles that they imply. However, compared
to not prioritizing patients at all, there is a significant
effect, with certain classes of patients being
(de)prioritized based on the human-elicited value
judgments.},
Key = {fds341329}
}
@article{fds339285,
Author = {De Weerdt and MM and Conitzer, V and Albert, M and Van Der Linden,
K},
Title = {Complexity of scheduling charging in the smart
grid},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1924-1926},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781510868083},
Abstract = {The problem of optimally scheduling the charging demand of
electric vehicles within the constraints of the electricity
infrastructure is called the charge scheduling problem. The
models of the charging speed, horizon, and charging demand
determine the computational complexity of the charge
scheduling problem. For about 20 variants the problem is
either in P or weakly NP-hard and dynamic programs exist to
compute optimal solutions. About 10 other variants of the
problem are strongly NP-hard, presenting a potentially
significant obstacle to their use in practical situations of
scale.},
Key = {fds339285}
}
@article{fds345390,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Borg, JS and Deng, Y and Kramer, M},
Title = {Moral decision making frameworks for artificial
intelligence},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2018},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The generality of decision and game theory has enabled
domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a
better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can
be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a
general theory is lacking when it comes to moral decision
making. For AI applications with a moral component, are we
then forced to build systems based on many ad-hoc rules? In
this paper we discuss possible ways to avoid this
conclusion.},
Key = {fds345390}
}
@article{fds328054,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Shah, N},
Title = {Fair public decision making},
Journal = {EC 2017 - Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {629-646},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781450345279},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3033274.3085125},
Abstract = {We generalize the classic problem of fairly allocating
indivisible goods to the problem of fair public decision
making, in which a decision must be made on several social
issues simultaneously, and, unlike the classic se.ing, a
decision can provide positive utility to multiple players.
We extend the popular fairness notion of proportionality
(which is not guaranteeable) to our more general se.ing, and
introduce three novel relaxations - proportionality up to
one issue, round robin share, and pessimistic proportional
share -That are also interesting in the classic goods
allocation se.ing. We show that the Maximum Nash Welfare
solution, which is known to satisfy appealing fairness
properties in the classic se.ing, satisfies or approximates
all three relaxations in our framework. We also provide
polynomial time algorithms and hardness results for finding
allocations satisfying these axioms, with or without
insisting on Pareto optimality.},
Doi = {10.1145/3033274.3085125},
Key = {fds328054}
}
@article{fds335335,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Mcafee, P},
Title = {Farewell Editorial: Looking Back on Our Terms Editing ACM
TEAC and into the Future},
Journal = {ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-2},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Editor = {Conitzer, V and McAfee, P},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3079047},
Doi = {10.1145/3079047},
Key = {fds335335}
}
@article{fds236185,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Game-theoretic question selection for tests},
Journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {437-462},
Publisher = {AI Access Foundation},
Editor = {Rossi, F},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {978-1-57735-633-2},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2013.html},
Abstract = {Conventionally, the questions on a test are assumed to be
kept secret from test takers until the test. However, for
tests that are taken on a large scale, particularly
asynchronously, this is very hard to achieve. For example,
TOEFL iBT and driver's license test questions are easily
found online. This also appears likely to become an issue
for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs, as offered for
example by Coursera, Udacity, and edX). Specifically, the
test result may not reflect the true ability of a test taker
if questions are leaked beforehand. In this paper, we take
the loss of confidentiality as a fact. Even so, not all hope
is lost as the test taker can memorize only a limited set of
questions' answers, and the tester can randomize which
questions to let appear on the test. We model this as a
Stackelberg game, where the tester commits to a mixed
strategy and the follower responds. Informally, the goal of
the tester is to best reveal the true ability of a test
taker, while the test taker tries to maximize the test
result (pass probability or score). We provide an
exponential-size linear program formulation that computes
the optimal test strategy, prove several NP-hardness results
on computing optimal test strategies in general, and give
efficient algorithms for special cases (scored tests and
single-question tests). Experiments are also provided for
those proposed algorithms to show their scalability and the
increase of the tester's utility relative to that of the
uniform-at-random strategy. The increase is quite
significant when questions have some correlation-for
example, when a test taker who can solve a harder question
can always solve easier questions.},
Doi = {10.1613/jair.5413},
Key = {fds236185}
}
@article{fds323443,
Author = {Aziz, H and Brill, M and Conitzer, V and Elkind, E and Freeman, R and Walsh, T},
Title = {Justified representation in approval-based committee
voting},
Journal = {Social Choice and Welfare},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {461-485},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-016-1019-3},
Abstract = {We consider approval-based committee voting, i.e. the
setting where each voter approves a subset of candidates,
and these votes are then used to select a fixed-size set of
winners (committee). We propose a natural axiom for this
setting, which we call justified representation (JR). This
axiom requires that if a large enough group of voters
exhibits agreement by supporting the same candidate, then at
least one voter in this group has an approved candidate in
the winning committee. We show that for every list of
ballots it is possible to select a committee that provides
JR. However, it turns out that several prominent
approval-based voting rules may fail to output such a
committee. In particular, while Proportional Approval Voting
(PAV) always outputs a committee that provides JR ,
Sequential Proportional Approval Voting (SeqPAV), which is a
tractable approximation to PAV , does not have this
property. We then introduce a stronger version of the JR
axiom, which we call extended justified representation
(EJR), and show that PAV satisfies EJR , while other rules
we consider do not; indeed, EJR can be used to characterize
PAV within the class of weighted PAV rules. We also consider
several other questions related to JR and EJR , including
the relationship between JR /EJR and core stability, and the
complexity of the associated computational
problems.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00355-016-1019-3},
Key = {fds323443}
}
@article{fds329334,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Schaich Borg and J and Deng, Y and Kramer, M},
Title = {Moral Decision Making Frameworks for Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {4831-4835},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The generality of decision and game theory has enabled
domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a
better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can
be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a
general theory is lacking when it comes to moral decision
making. For AI applications with a moral component, are we
then forced to build systems based on many ad-hoc rules? In
this paper we discuss possible ways to avoid this
conclusion.},
Key = {fds329334}
}
@article{fds329335,
Author = {Deng, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Disarmament games},
Journal = {31st AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2017},
Pages = {473-479},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Much recent work in the AI community concerns algorithms for
computing optimal mixed strategies to commit to, as well as
the deployment of such algorithms in real security
applications. Another possibility is to commit not to play
certain actions. If only one player makes such a commitment,
then this is generally less powerful than completely
committing to a single mixed strategy. However, if players
can alternatingly commit not to play certain actions and
thereby iteratively reduce their strategy spaces, then
desirable outcomes can be obtained that would not have been
possible with just a single player committing to a mixed
strategy. We refer to such a setting as a disarmament game.
In this paper, we study disarmament for two-player
normal-form games. We show that deciding whether an outcome
can be obtained with disarmament is NP-complete (even for a
fixed number of rounds), if only pure strategies can be
removed. On the other hand, for the case where mixed
strategies can be removed, we provide a folk theorem that
shows that all desirable utility profiles can be obtained,
and give an efficient algorithm for (approximately)
obtaining them.},
Key = {fds329335}
}
@article{fds329336,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Stone, P},
Title = {Automated design of robust mechanisms},
Journal = {31st AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2017},
Pages = {298-304},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We introduce a new class of mechanisms, robust mechanisms,
that is an intermediary between ex-post mechanisms and
Bayesian mechanisms. This new class of mechanisms allows the
mechanism designer to incorporate imprecise estimates of the
distribution over bidder valuations in a way that provides
strong guarantees that the mechanism will perform at least
as well as ex-post mechanisms, while in many cases
performing better. We further extend this class to
mechanisms that are with high probability incentive
compatible and individually rational, e-robust mechanisms.
Using techniques from automated mechanism design and robust
optimization, we provide an algorithm polynomial in the
number of bidder types to design robust and e-robust
mechanisms. We show experimentally that this new class of
mechanisms can significantly outperform traditional
mechanism design techniques when the mechanism designer has
an estimate of the distribution and the bidder's valuation
is correlated with an externally verifiable
signal.},
Key = {fds329336}
}
@article{fds329581,
Author = {Freeman, R and Zahedi, SM and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Fair and efficient social choice in dynamic
settings},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {4580-4587},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780999241103},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/639},
Abstract = {We study a dynamic social choice problem in which an
alternative is chosen at each round according to the
reported valuations of a set of agents. In the interests of
obtaining a solution that is both efficient and fair, we aim
to maximize the long-term Nash welfare, which is the product
of all agents' utilities. We present and analyze two greedy
algorithms for this problem, including the classic
Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm. We analyze several
versions of the algorithms and how they relate, and provide
an axiomatization of PF. Finally, we evaluate the algorithms
on data gathered from a computer systems
application.},
Doi = {10.24963/ijcai.2017/639},
Key = {fds329581}
}
@article{fds335336,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sinnott-Armstrong, W and Borg, JS and Deng, Y and Kramer, M},
Title = {Moral decision making frameworks for artificial
intelligence},
Journal = {AAAI Workshop - Technical Report},
Volume = {WS-17-01 - WS-17-15},
Pages = {105-109},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357865},
Abstract = {The generality of decision and game theory has enabled
domain-independent progress in AI research. For example, a
better algorithm for finding good policies in (PO)MDPs can
be instantly used in a variety of applications. But such a
general theory is lacking when it comes to moral decision
making. For AI applications with a moral component, are we
then forced to build systems based on many ad-hoc rules? In
this paper we discuss possible ways to avoid this
conclusion.},
Key = {fds335336}
}
@article{fds335337,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Stone, P},
Title = {Mechanism design with unknown correlated distributions: Can
we learn optimal mechanisms?},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {69-77},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781510855076},
Abstract = {Due to Cremer and McLean (1985), it is well known that in a
setting where bidders' values are correlated, an auction
designer can extract the full social surplus as revenue.
However, this result strongly relies on the assumption of a
common prior distribution between the mechanism designer and
the bidders. A natural question to ask is, can a mechanism
designer distinguish between a set of possible
distributions, or failing that, use a finite number of
samples from the true distribution to learn enough about the
distribution to recover the Cremer and Mclean result? We
show that if a bidder's distribution is one of a countably
infinite sequence of potential distributions that converges
to an independent private values distribution, then there is
no mechanism that can guarantee revenue more than c greater
than the optimal mechanism over the independent private
value mechanism, even with sampling from the true
distribution. We also show that any mechanism over this
infinite sequence can guarantee at most a (|6| + l)/(2 + c)
approximation, where [6| is the number of bidder types, to
the revenue achievable by a mechanism where the designer
knows the bidder's distribution. Finally, as a positive
result, we show that for any distribution where full surplus
extraction as revenue is possible, a mechanism exists that
guarantees revenue arbitrarily close to full surplus for
sufficiently close distributions. Intuitively, our results
suggest that a high degree of correlation will be essential
in the effective application of correlated mechanism design
techniques to settings with uncertain distributions.},
Key = {fds335337}
}
@article{fds335338,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Easley, D},
Title = {Introduction to the special issue on EC'14},
Journal = {ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Editor = {Conitzer, V and Easley, D},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2953046},
Doi = {10.1145/2953046},
Key = {fds335338}
}
@article{fds318115,
Author = {Kephart, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {The revelation principle for mechanism design with reporting
costs},
Journal = {EC 2016 - Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {85-102},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781450339360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2940716.2940795},
Abstract = {The revelation principle is a key tool in mechanism design.
It allows the designer to restrict attention to the class of
truthful mechanisms, greatly facilitating analysis. This is
also borne out in an algorithmic sense, allowing certain
computational problems in mechanism design to be solved in
polynomial time. Unfortunately, when not every type can
misreport every other type (the partial verification model),
or-more generally-misreporting can be costly, the revelation
principle can fail to hold. This also leads to NP-hardness
results. The primary contribution of this paper consists of
characterizations of conditions under which the revelation
principle still holds when misreporting can be costly.
(These are generalizations of conditions given earlier for
the partial verification case [Green and Laffont 1986; Yu
2011].) We also study associated computational
problems.},
Doi = {10.1145/2940716.2940795},
Key = {fds318115}
}
@article{fds318116,
Author = {Bergemann, D and Chen, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {EC 2016 foreword},
Journal = {EC 2016 - Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {iii-iv},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781450339360},
Key = {fds318116}
}
@article{fds343205,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Philosophy in the Face of Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {abs/1605.06048},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {In this article, I discuss how the AI community views
concerns about the emergence of superintelligent AI and
related philosophical issues.},
Key = {fds343205}
}
@article{fds290776,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {On Stackelberg mixed strategies},
Journal = {Synthese},
Volume = {193},
Number = {3},
Pages = {689-703},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0039-7857},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0927-6},
Abstract = {It is sometimes the case that one solution concept in game
theory is equivalent to applying another solution concept to
a modified version of the game. In such cases, does it make
sense to study the former separately (as it applies to the
original representation of the game), or should we entirely
subordinate it to the latter? The answer probably depends on
the particular circumstances, and indeed the literature
takes different approaches in different cases. In this
article, I consider the specific example of Stackelberg
mixed strategies. I argue that, even though a Stackelberg
mixed strategy can also be seen as a subgame perfect Nash
equilibrium of a corresponding extensive-form game, there
remains significant value in studying it separately. The
analysis of this special case may have implications for
other solution concepts.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11229-015-0927-6},
Key = {fds290776}
}
@article{fds316128,
Author = {Jakobsen, SK and Sørensen, TB and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Timeability of extensive-form games},
Journal = {ITCS 2016 - Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on
Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science},
Pages = {191-199},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2840728.2840737},
Abstract = {Extensive-form games constitute the standard representation
scheme for games with a temporal component. But do all
extensive-form games correspond to protocols that we can
implement in the real world? We often rule out games with
imperfect recall, which prescribe that an agent forget
something that she knew before. In this paper, we show that
even some games with perfect recall can be problematic to
implement. Specifically, we show that if the agents have a
sense of time passing (say, access to a clock), then some
extensive-form games can no longer be implemented; no matter
how we attempt to time the game, some information will leak
to the agents that they are not supposed to have. We say
such a game is not exactly timeable. We provide
easy-To-check necessary and sufficient conditions for a game
to be exactly timeable. Most of the technical depth of the
paper concerns how to approximately time games, which we
show can always be done, though it may require large amounts
of time. Specifically, we show that some games require time
proportional to the power tower of height proportional to
the number of players, which in practice would make them
untimeable. We hope to convince the reader that timeability
should be a standard assumption, just as perfect recall is
today. Besides the conceptual contribution to game theory,
we show that timeability has implications for onion routing
protocols.},
Doi = {10.1145/2840728.2840737},
Key = {fds316128}
}
@article{fds321516,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V and Korzhyk, D},
Title = {Catcher-evader games},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2016-January},
Pages = {329-337},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Algorithms for computing game-theoretic solutions have
recently been applied to a number of security domains.
However, many of the techniques developed for compact
representations of security games do not extend to Bayesian
security games, which allow us to model uncertainty about
the attacker's type. In this paper, we introduce a general
framework of catcher-evader games that can capture Bayesian
security games as well as other game families of interest.
We show that computing Stackelberg strategies is NP-hard,
but give an algorithm for computing a Nash equilibrium that
performs well in experiments. We also prove that the Nash
equilibria of these games satisfy the interchangeability
property, so that equilibrium selection is not an
issue.},
Key = {fds321516}
}
@article{fds325219,
Author = {Xu, H and Freeman, R and Conitzer, V and Dughmi, S and Tambe,
M},
Title = {Signaling in Bayesian stackelberg games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Pages = {150-158},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450342391},
Abstract = {Algorithms for solving Stackelberg games are used in an
ever-growing variety of real-world domains. Previous work
has extended this framework to allow the leader to commit
not only to a distribution over actions, but also to a
scheme for stochastically signaling information about these
actions to the follower. This can result in higher utility
for the leader. In this paper, we extend this methodology to
Bayesian games, in which either the leader or the follower
has payoff-relevant private information or both. This leads
to novel variants of the model, for example by imposing an
incentive compatibility constraint for each type to listen
to the signal intended for it. We show that, in contrast to
previous hardness results for the case without signaling [5,
16], we can solve unrestricted games in time polynomial in
their natural representation. For security games, we obtain
hardness results as well as efficient algorithms, depending
on the settings. We show the benefits of our approach in
experimental evaluations of our algorithms.},
Key = {fds325219}
}
@article{fds325220,
Author = {Brill, M and Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Shah,
N},
Title = {False-name-proof recommendations in social
networks},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Pages = {332-340},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450342391},
Abstract = {We study the problem of finding a recommendation for an
uninformed user in a social network by weighting and
aggregating the opinions offered by the informed users in
the network. In social networks, an informed user may try to
manipulate the recommendation by performing a false-name
manipulation, wherein the user submits multiple opinions
through fake accounts. To that end, we impose a no harm
axiom: false-name manipulations by a user should not reduce
the weight of other users in the network. We show that this
axiom has deep connections to false-name-proofness. While it
is impossible to design a mechanism that is best for every
network subject to this axiom, we propose an intuitive
mechanism LEGIT+, and show that it is uniquely optimized for
small networks. Using real-world datasets, we show that our
mechanism performs very well compared to two baseline
mechanisms in a number of metrics, even on large
networks.},
Key = {fds325220}
}
@article{fds325221,
Author = {Moon, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Role assignment for game-theoretic cooperation},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Pages = {1413-1414},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450342391},
Abstract = {In multiagent systems, often agents need to be assigned to
different roles. Multiple aspects should be taken into
account for this, such as agents' skills and constraints
posed by existing assignments. In this paper, we focus on
another aspect: when the agents are self-interested, careful
role assignment is necessary to make cooperative behavior an
equilibrium of the repeated game. We formalize this problem
and provide an easy-to-check necessary and sufficient
condition for a given role assignment to induce cooperation.
However, we show that finding whether such a role assignment
exists is in general NP-hard. Nevertheless, we give two
algorithms for solving the problem. The first is based on a
mixed-integer linear program formulation. The second is
based on a dynamic program, and runs in pseudopolynomial
time if the number of agents is constant. Minor
modifications of these algorithms also allow for
determination of the minimal subsidy necessary to induce
cooperation. In our experiments, the IP performs much, much
faster.},
Key = {fds325221}
}
@article{fds323444,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing equilibria with partial commitment},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {10123 LNCS},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783662541098},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54110-4_1},
Abstract = {In security games, the solution concept commonly used is
that of a Stackelberg equilibrium where the defender gets to
commit to a mixed strategy. The motivation for this is that
the attacker can repeatedly observe the defender’s actions
and learn her distribution over actions, before acting
himself. If the actions were not observable, Nash (or
perhaps correlated) equilibrium would arguably be a more
natural solution concept. But what if some, but not all,
aspects of the defender’s actions are observable? In this
paper, we introduce solution concepts corresponding to this
case, both with and without correlation. We study their
basic properties, whether these solutions can be efficiently
computed, and the impact of additional observability on the
utility obtained.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-54110-4_1},
Key = {fds323444}
}
@article{fds323445,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Maximizing revenue with limited correlation: The cost of
ex-post incentive compatibility},
Journal = {30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2016},
Pages = {376-382},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357605},
Abstract = {In a landmark paper in the mechanism design literature,
Cremer and McLean (1985) (CM for short) show that when a
bidder's valuation is correlated with an external signal, a
monopolistic seller is able to extract the full social
surplus as revenue. In the original paper and subsequent
literature, the focus has been on ex-post incentive
compatible (or IC) mechanisms, where truth telling is an
ex-post Nash equilibrium. In this paper, we explore the
implications of Bayesian versus ex-post IC in a correlated
valuation setting. We generalize the full extraction result
to settings that do not satisfy the assumptions of CM. In
particular, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for
full extraction that strictly relax the original conditions
given in CM. These more general conditions characterize the
situations under which requiring expost IC leads to a
decrease in expected revenue relative to Bayesian IC. We
also demonstrate that the expected revenue from the optimal
ex-post IC mechanism guarantees at most a (|Θ| + 1)/4
approximation to that of a Bayesian IC mechanism, where |Θ|
is the number of bidder types. Finally, using techniques
from automated mechanism design, we show that, for randomly
generated distributions, the average expected revenue
achieved by Bayesian IC mechanisms is significantly larger
than that for ex-post IC mechanisms.},
Key = {fds323445}
}
@article{fds323446,
Author = {Brill, M and Freeman, R and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing possible and necessary equilibrium actions (and
bipartisan setwinners)},
Journal = {30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2016},
Pages = {418-424},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357605},
Abstract = {In many multiagent environments, a designer has some, but
limited control over the game being played. In this paper,
we formalize this by considering incompletely specified
games, in which some entries of the payoff matrices can be
chosen from a specified set. We show that it is NP-hard for
the designer to make this choices optimally, even in
zero-sum games. In fact, it is already intractable to decide
whether a given action is (potentially or necessarily)
played in equilibrium. We also consider incompletely
specified symmetric games in which all completions are
required to be symmetric. Here, hardness holds even in weak
tournament games (symmetric zero-sum games whose entries are
all -1, 0, or 1) and in tournament games (symmetric zero-sum
games whose non-diagonal entries are all -1 or 1). The
latter result settles the complexity of the possible and
necessary winner problems for a social-choice-Theoretic
solution concept known as the bipartisan set. We finally
give a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for weak
tournament games and evaluate it experimentally.},
Key = {fds323446}
}
@article{fds323447,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Brill, M and Li, Y},
Title = {Rules for choosing societal tradeoffs},
Journal = {30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2016},
Pages = {460-467},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357605},
Abstract = {We study the societal tradeoffs problem, where a set of
voters each submit their ideal tradeoff value between each
pair of activities (e.g., "using a gallon of gasoline is as
bad as creating 2 bags of landfill trash"), and these are
then aggregated into the societal tradeoff vector using a
rule.We introduce the family of distance-based rules and
show that these can be justified as maximum likelihood
estimators of the truth. Within this family, we single out
the logarithmic distance-based rule as especially appealing
based on a social-choice-Theoretic axiomatization. We give
an efficient algorithm for executing this rule as well as an
approximate hill climbing algorithm, and evaluate these
experimentally.},
Key = {fds323447}
}
@article{fds321517,
Author = {Moon, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Role assignment for game-theoretic cooperation},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2016-January},
Pages = {416-423},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In multiagent systems, often agents need to be assigned to
different roles. Multiple aspects should be taken into
account for this, such as agents' skills and constraints
posed by existing assignments. In this paper, we focus on
another aspect: when the agents are self-interested, careful
role assignment is necessary to make cooperative behavior an
equilibrium of the repeated game. We formalize this problem
and provide an easy-to-check necessary and sufficient
condition for a given role assignment to induce cooperation.
However, we show that finding whether such a role assignment
exists is in general NP-hard. Nevertheless, we give two
algorithms for solving the problem. The first is based on a
mixed-integer linear program formulation. The second is
based on a dynamic program, and runs in pseudopolynomial
time if the number of agents is constant. Minor
modifications of these algorithms also allow for
determination of the minimal subsidy necessary to induce
cooperation. In our experiments, the IP performs much, much
faster.},
Key = {fds321517}
}
@article{fds321518,
Author = {Andersen, G and Conitzer, V},
Title = {ATUCAPTS: Automated tests that a user cannot pass twice
simultaneously},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2016-January},
Pages = {3662-3669},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In highly anonymous environments such as the Internet, many
applications suffer from the fact that a single user can
pose as multiple users. Indeed, presumably many potential
applications do not even get off the ground as a result.
Consider the example of an online vote. Requiring voters to
provide identifying information, to the extent that this is
even feasible, can significantly deter participation. On the
other hand, not doing so makes it possible for a single
individual to vote more than once, so that the result may
become almost meaningless. (A quick web search will reveal
many examples of Internet polls with bizarre outcomes.)
CAPTCHAs may prevent running a program that votes many
times, but they do nothing to prevent a single user from
voting many times by hand. In this paper, we propose
ATUCAPTS (Automated Tests That a User Cannot Pass Twice
Simultaneously) as a solution. ATUCAPTS are automatically
generated tests such that it is (1) easy for a user to pass
one instance, but (2) extremely difficult for a user to pass
two instances at the same time. Thus, if it is feasible to
require all users to take such a test at the same time, we
can verify that no user holds more than one account. We
propose a specific class of ATUCAPTS and present the results
of a human subjects study to validate that they satisfy the
two properties above. We also introduce several theoretical
models of how well an attacker might perform and show that
these models still allow for good performance on both (1)
and (2) with reasonable test lengths.},
Key = {fds321518}
}
@article{fds325600,
Author = {Brill, M and Freeman, R and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing possible and necessary equilibrium actions (and
bipartisan set winners)},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Pages = {369-375},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Schuurmans, D and Wellman, MP},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-57735-760-5},
Abstract = {Copyright © 2016, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.
In many multiagent environments, a designer has some, but
limited control over the game being played. In this paper,
we formalize this by considering incompletely specified
games, in which some entries of the payoff matrices can be
chosen from a specified set. We show that it is NP-hard for
the designer to make this choices optimally, even in
zero-sum games. In fact, it is already intractable to decide
whether a given action is (potentially or necessarily)
played in equilibrium. We also consider incompletely
specified symmetric games in which all completions are
required to be symmetric. Here, hardness holds even in weak
tournament games (symmetric zero-sum games whose entries are
all −1, 0, or 1) and in tournament games (symmetric
zero-sum games whose non-diagonal entries are all −1 or
1). The latter result settles the complexity of the possible
and necessary winner problems for a social-choice-theoretic
solution concept known as the bipartisan set. We finally
give a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for weak
tournament games and evaluate it experimentally.},
Key = {fds325600}
}
@article{fds345391,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Brill, M and Li, Y},
Title = {Rules for choosing societal tradeoffs},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Copyright © 2016, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.
We study the societal tradeoffs problem, where a set of
voters each submit their ideal tradeoff value between each
pair of activities (e.g., “using a gallon of gasoline is
as bad as creating 2 bags of landfill trash”), and these
are then aggregated into the societal tradeoff vector using
a rule. We introduce the family of distance-based rules and
show that these can be justified as maximum likelihood
estimators of the truth. Within this family, we single out
the logarithmic distance-based rule as especially appealing
based on a social-choice-theoretic axiomatization. We give
an efficient algorithm for executing this rule as well as an
approximate hill climbing algorithm, and evaluate these
experimentally.},
Key = {fds345391}
}
@article{fds345392,
Author = {Brill, M and Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Shah,
N},
Title = {False-name-proof recommendations in social
networks},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {© 2016 University of Virginia. All rights reserved. We
study the problem of finding a recommendation for an
uninformed user in a social network by weighting and
aggregating the opinions offered by the informed users in
the network. In social networks, an informed user may try to
manipulate the recommendation by performing a false-name
manipulation, wherein the user submits multiple opinions
through fake accounts. To that end, we impose a no harm
axiom: false-name manipulations by a user should not reduce
the weight of other users in the network. We show that this
axiom has deep connections to false-name-proofness. While it
is impossible to design a mechanism that is best for every
network subject to this axiom, we propose an intuitive
mechanism LEGIT+, and show that it is uniquely optimized for
small networks. Using real-world datasets, we show that our
mechanism performs very well compared to two baseline
mechanisms in a number of metrics, even on large
networks.},
Key = {fds345392}
}
@article{fds349501,
Author = {Brill, M and Freeman, R and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing possible and necessary equilibrium actions (and
bipartisan set winners)},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In many multiagent environments, a designer has some, but
limited control over the game being played. In this paper,
we formalize this by considering incompletely specified
games, in which some entries of the payoff matrices can be
chosen from a specified set. We show that it is NP-hard for
the designer to make this choices optimally, even in
zero-sum games. In fact, it is already intractable to decide
whether a given action is (potentially or necessarily)
played in equilibrium. We also consider incompletely
specified symmetric games in which all completions are
required to be symmetric. Here, hardness holds even in weak
tournament games (symmetric zero-sum games whose entries are
all −1, 0, or 1) and in tournament games (symmetric
zero-sum games whose non-diagonal entries are all −1 or
1). The latter result settles the complexity of the possible
and necessary winner problems for a social-choice-theoretic
solution concept known as the bipartisan set. We finally
give a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for weak
tournament games and evaluate it experimentally.},
Key = {fds349501}
}
@article{fds349502,
Author = {Brill, M and Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Shah,
N},
Title = {False-name-proof recommendations in social
networks},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We study the problem of finding a recommendation for an
uninformed user in a social network by weighting and
aggregating the opinions offered by the informed users in
the network. In social networks, an informed user may try to
manipulate the recommendation by performing a false-name
manipulation, wherein the user submits multiple opinions
through fake accounts. To that end, we impose a no harm
axiom: false-name manipulations by a user should not reduce
the weight of other users in the network. We show that this
axiom has deep connections to false-name-proofness. While it
is impossible to design a mechanism that is best for every
network subject to this axiom, we propose an intuitive
mechanism LEGIT+, and show that it is uniquely optimized for
small networks. Using real-world datasets, we show that our
mechanism performs very well compared to two baseline
mechanisms in a number of metrics, even on large
networks.},
Key = {fds349502}
}
@article{fds349503,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Freeman, R and Brill, M and Li, Y},
Title = {Rules for choosing societal tradeoffs},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2016},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We study the societal tradeoffs problem, where a set of
voters each submit their ideal tradeoff value between each
pair of activities (e.g., “using a gallon of gasoline is
as bad as creating 2 bags of landfill trash”), and these
are then aggregated into the societal tradeoff vector using
a rule. We introduce the family of distance-based rules and
show that these can be justified as maximum likelihood
estimators of the truth. Within this family, we single out
the logarithmic distance-based rule as especially appealing
based on a social-choice-theoretic axiomatization. We give
an efficient algorithm for executing this rule as well as an
approximate hill climbing algorithm, and evaluate these
experimentally.},
Key = {fds349503}
}
@article{fds325597,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Maximizing Revenue with Limited Correlation: The Cost of
Ex-Post Incentive Compatibility.},
Journal = {AAAI},
Pages = {383-389},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Schuurmans, D and Wellman, MP},
Year = {2016},
ISBN = {978-1-57735-760-5},
Key = {fds325597}
}
@article{fds325599,
Author = {Jakobsen, SK and Sørensen, TB and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Timeability of Extensive-Form Games.},
Journal = {ITCS},
Pages = {191-199},
Publisher = {ACM},
Editor = {Sudan, M},
Year = {2016},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-4057-1},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2840728.2840737},
Doi = {10.1145/2840728.2840737},
Key = {fds325599}
}
@article{fds325601,
Author = {Moon, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Role Assignment for Game-Theoretic Cooperation: (Extended
Abstract).},
Journal = {AAMAS},
Pages = {1413-1414},
Publisher = {ACM},
Editor = {Jonker, CM and Marsella, S and Thangarajah, J and Tuyls,
K},
Year = {2016},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-4239-1},
Key = {fds325601}
}
@article{fds236154,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Can rational choice guide us to correct de se
beliefs?},
Journal = {Synthese},
Volume = {192},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4107-4119},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0039-7857},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0737-x},
Abstract = {Significant controversy remains about what constitute
correct self-locating beliefs in scenarios such as the
Sleeping Beauty problem, with proponents on both the
“halfer” and “thirder” sides. To attempt to settle
the issue, one natural approach consists in creating
decision variants of the problem, determining what actions
the various candidate beliefs prescribe, and assessing
whether these actions are reasonable when we step back.
Dutch book arguments are a special case of this approach,
but other Sleeping Beauty games have also been constructed
to make similar points. Building on a recent article (Shaw,
Synthese 190(3):491–508, 2013), I show that in general we
should be wary of such arguments, because unintuitive
actions may result for reasons that are unrelated to the
beliefs. On the other hand, I show that, when we restrict
our attention to additive games, then a thirder will
necessarily maximize her ex ante expected payout, but a
halfer in some cases will not (assuming causal decision
theory). I conclude that this does not necessarily settle
the issue and speculate about what might.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11229-015-0737-x},
Key = {fds236154}
}
@article{fds236155,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {A Dutch book against sleeping beauties who are evidential
decision theorists},
Journal = {Synthese},
Volume = {192},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2887-2899},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0039-7857},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0691-7},
Abstract = {In the context of the Sleeping Beauty problem, it has been
argued that so-called “halfers” can avoid Dutch book
arguments by adopting evidential decision theory. I
introduce a Dutch book for a variant of the Sleeping Beauty
problem and argue that evidential decision theorists fall
prey to it, whether they are halfers or thirders. The
argument crucially requires that an action can provide
evidence for what the agent would do not only at other
decision points where she has exactly the same information,
but also at decision points where she has different but
“symmetric” information.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11229-015-0691-7},
Key = {fds236155}
}
@article{fds236157,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {A devastating example for the Halfer Rule},
Journal = {Philosophical Studies},
Volume = {172},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1985-1992},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0031-8116},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-014-0384-y},
Abstract = {How should we update de dicto beliefs in the face of de se
evidence? The Sleeping Beauty problem divides philosophers
into two camps, halfers and thirders. But there is some
disagreement among halfers about how their position should
generalize to other examples. A full generalization is not
always given; one notable exception is the Halfer Rule,
under which the agent updates her uncentered beliefs based
on only the uncentered part of her evidence. In this brief
article, I provide a simple example for which the Halfer
Rule prescribes credences that, I argue, cannot be
reasonably held by anyone. In particular, these credences
constitute an egregious violation of the Reflection
Principle. I then discuss the consequences for halfing in
general.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11098-014-0384-y},
Key = {fds236157}
}
@article{fds313252,
Author = {Aziz, H and Brill, M and Conitzer, V and Elkind, E and Freeman, R and Walsh, T},
Title = {Justified representation in approval-based committee
voting},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {784-790},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We consider approval-based committee voting, i.e., the
setting where each voter approves a subset of candidates,
and these votes are then used to select a fixed-size set of
winners (committee). We propose a natural axiom for this
setting, which we call justified representation (JR). This
axiom requires that if a large enough group of voters
exhibits agreement by supporting the same candidate, then at
least one voter in this group has an approved candidate in
the winning committee. We show that for every list of
ballots it is possible to select a committee that provides
JR. We then check if this axiom is fulfilled by well-known
approval-based voting rules. We show that the answer is
negative for most of the rules we consider, with notable
exceptions of PAV (Proportional Approval Voting), an extreme
version of RAV (Reweighted Approval Voting), and, for a
restricted preference domain, MA V (Minimax Approval
Voting). We then introduce a stronger version of the JR
axiom, which we call extended justified representation
(EJR), and show that PAV satisfies EJR, while other rules do
not. We also consider several other questions related to JR,
and EJR, including the relationship between JR./EJR and
unanimity, and the complexity of the associated algorithmic
problems.},
Key = {fds313252}
}
@article{fds313250,
Author = {Brill, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Strategic voting and strategic candidacy},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {819-826},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577357001},
Abstract = {Models of strategic candidacy analyze the incentives of
candidates to run in an election. Most work on this topic
assumes that strategizing only takes place among candidates,
whereas voters vote truthfully. In this paper, we extend the
analysis to also include strategic behavior on the part of
the voters. (We also study cases where only candidates or
only voters are strategic.) We consider two settings in
which strategic voting is well-defined and has a natural
interpretation: majority-consistent voting with
single-peaked preferences and voting by successive
elimination. In the former setting, we analyze the type of
strategic behavior required in order to guarantee desirable
voting outcomes. In the latter setting, we determine the
complexity of computing the set of potential outcomes if
both candidates and voters act strategically.},
Key = {fds313250}
}
@article{fds313251,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Assessing the robustness of Cremer-McLean with automated
mechanism design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {763-769},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577357001},
Abstract = {In a classic result in the mechanism design literature,
Cremer and McLean (1985) show that if buyers' valuations are
sufficiently correlated, a mechanism exists that allows the
seller to extract the full surplus from efficient allocation
as revenue. This result is commonly seen as "too good to be
true" (in practice), casting doubt on its modeling
assumptions. In this paper, we use an automated mechanism
design approach to assess how sensitive the Cremer-McLean
result is to relaxing its main technical assumption. That
assumption implies that each valuation that a bidder can
have results in a unique conditional distribution over the
external signal(s). We relax this, allowing multiple
valuations to be consistent with the same distribution over
the external signal(s). Using similar insights to
Cremer-McLean, we provide a highly efficient algorithm for
computing the optimal revenue in this more general case.
Using this algorithm, we observe that indeed, as the number
of valuations consistent with a distribution grows, the
optimal revenue quickly drops to that of a reserve-price
mechanism. Thus, automated mechanism design allows us to
gain insight into the precise sense in which Cremer-McLean
is "too good to be true.".},
Key = {fds313251}
}
@article{fds313253,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Cooperative game solution concepts that maximize stability
under noise},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {979-985},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577357001},
Abstract = {In cooperative game theory, it is typically assumed that the
value of each coalition is known. We depart from this,
assuming that v(S) is only a noisy estimate of the true
value V(S), which is not yet known. In this context, we
investigate which solution concepts maximize the probability
of ex-post stability (after the true values are revealed).
We show how various conditions on the noise characterize the
least core and the nucleolus as optimal. Modifying some
aspects of these conditions to (arguably) make them more
realistic, we obtain characterizations of new solution
concepts as being optimal, including the partial nucleolus,
the multiplicative least core, and the multiplicative
nucleolus.},
Key = {fds313253}
}
@article{fds290774,
Author = {Kephart, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Complexity of mechanism design with signaling
costs},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {357-365},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450337694},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {In mechanism design, it is generally assumed that an agent
can submit any report at zero cost (with the occasional
further restriction that certain types can not submit
certain reports). More generally, however, an agent of type
θ may be able to report θ', but only at a cost c(θ,θ').
This cost may reflect the effort the agent would have to
expend to be indistinguishable from an agent that truthfully
reports θ'. Even more generally, the possible reports (or
signals) may not directly correspond to types. In this
paper, we consider the complexity of determining whether
particular social choice functions can be implemented in
this context.},
Key = {fds290774}
}
@article{fds290775,
Author = {Freeman, R and Brill, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {General tiebreaking schemes for computational social
choice},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1401-1409},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450337717},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {In (computational) social choice, how ties are broken can
affect the axiomatic and computational properties of a
voting rule. In this paper, we first consider settings where
we may have multiple winners. We formalize the notion of
parallel universes tiebreaking with respect to a particular
tree that represents the computation of the winners, and
show that the specific tree used does not matter if certain
conditions hold. We then move on to settings where a single
winner must be returned, generally by randomized
tiebreaking, and examine some drawbacks of existing
approaches. We propose a new class of tiebreaking schemes
based on randomly perturbing the vote profile. Finally, we
show that one member of this class uniquely satisfies a
number of desirable properties.},
Key = {fds290775}
}
@article{fds313248,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Brill, M and Freeman, R},
Title = {Crowdsourcing societal tradeoffs},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1213-1217},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781450337700},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {It would be desirable if, as a society, we could reduce the
amount of landfill trash we create, the amount of carbon
dioxide we emit, the amount of forest we clear, etc. Since
we cannot (or are in any case not willing to) simultaneously
pursue all these objectives to their maximum extent, we must
prioritize among them. Currently, this is done mostly in an
ad-hoc manner, with people, companies, local governments,
and other entities deciding on an individual basis which of
these objectives to pursue, and to what extent. A more
systematic approach would be to set, at a global level,
exact numerical tradeoffs: using one gallon of gasoline is
as bad as creating x bags of landfill trash. Having such
tradeoffs available would greatly facilitate decision
making, and reduce inefficiencies resulting from
inconsistent decisions across agents. But how could we
arrive at a reasonable value for x? In this paper, we argue
that many techniques developed in the multiagent systems
community, particularly those under economic paradigms, can
be brought to bear on this question. We lay out our vision
and discuss its relation to computational social choice,
mechanism design, prediction markets, and related
topics.},
Key = {fds313248}
}
@article{fds313249,
Author = {Moon, C and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Maximal cooperation in repeated games on social
networks},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2015-January},
Pages = {216-223},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357384},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {Standard results on and algorithms for repeated games assume
that defections are instantly observable. In reality, it may
take some time for the knowledge that a defection has
occurred to propagate through the social network. How does
this affect the structure of equilibria and algorithms for
computing them? In this paper, we consider games with
cooperation and defection. We prove that there exists a
unique maximal set of forever cooperating agents in
equilibrium and give an efficient algorithm for computing
it. We then evaluate this algorithm on random graphs and
find experimentally that there appears to be a phase
transition between cooperation everywhere and defection
everywhere, based on the value of cooperation and the
discount factor. Finally, we provide a condition for when
the equilibrium found is credible, in the sense that agents
are in fact motivated to punish deviating agents. We find
that this condition always holds in our experiments,
provided the graphs are sufficiently large.},
Key = {fds313249}
}
@article{fds325602,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Easley, D},
Title = {Notes from the EC'14 program chairs},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-4},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2692375.2692377},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This short document describes the process used to
create the EC'14 program, as well some comments on our
experience. This year the conference, which had been called
the ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, was renamed the
ACM Conference on Economics and Computation to better
reflect the actual makeup of the papers to be presented at
the conference. The acronym EC was retained and EC'14 is the
fifteenth iteration of the conference.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1145/2692375.2692377},
Key = {fds325602}
}
@article{fds325632,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of Mechanism Design},
Volume = {cs.GT/0205075},
Pages = {103-110},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Darwiche, A and Friedman, N},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {1-55860-897-4},
Abstract = {The aggregation of conflicting preferences is a central
problem in multiagent systems. The key difficulty is that
the agents may report their preferences insincerely.
Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the
game so that the agents are motivated to report their
preferences truthfully and a (socially) desirable outcome is
chosen. We propose an approach where a mechanism is
automatically created for the preference aggregation setting
at hand. This has several advantages, but the downside is
that the mechanism design optimization problem needs to be
solved anew each time. Focusing on settings where side
payments are not possible, we show that the mechanism design
problem is NP-complete for deterministic mechanisms. This
holds both for dominant-strategy implementation and for
Bayes-Nash implementation. We then show that if we allow
randomized mechanisms, the mechanism design problem becomes
tractable. In other words, the coordinator can tackle the
computational complexity introduced by its uncertainty about
the agents preferences BY making the agents face additional
uncertainty.This comes at no loss, AND IN SOME cases at a
gain, IN the(social) objective.},
Key = {fds325632}
}
@article{fds236162,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Better redistribution with inefficient allocation in
multi-unit auctions},
Journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {216},
Pages = {287-308},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0004-3702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2014.07.006},
Abstract = {For the problem of allocating one or more items among a
group of competing agents, the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG)
mechanism is strategy-proof and efficient. However, the VCG
mechanism is not strongly budget balanced: in general, value
flows out of the system of agents in the form of VCG
payments, which reduces the agents' utilities. In many
settings, the objective is to maximize the sum of the
agents' utilities (taking payments into account). For this
purpose, several VCG redistribution mechanisms have been
proposed that redistribute a large fraction of the VCG
payments back to the agents, in a way that maintains
strategy-proofness and the non-deficit property.
Unfortunately, sometimes even the best VCG redistribution
mechanism fails to redistribute a substantial fraction of
the VCG payments. This results in a low total utility for
the agents, even though the items are allocated efficiently.
In this paper, we study strategy-proof allocation mechanisms
that do not always allocate the items efficiently. It turns
out that by allocating inefficiently, more payment can
sometimes be redistributed, so that the net effect is an
increase in the sum of the agents' utilities. Our objective
is to design mechanisms that are competitive against the
first-best mechanism in terms of the agents' total utility.
We first study multi-unit auctions with unit demand. We
characterize the family of linear allocation mechanisms. We
propose an optimization technique for simultaneously finding
a linear allocation mechanism and a payment redistribution
rule, which together are optimal. With the help of this
technique, we also analytically characterize several
competitive mechanisms, which are based on burning units and
partitioning the agents into groups. Finally, we extend the
definition of linear allocation mechanisms and the
optimization technique to general multi-unit auctions. ©
2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2014.07.006},
Key = {fds236162}
}
@article{fds236163,
Author = {Letchford, J and Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V},
Title = {On the value of commitment},
Journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {986-1016},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1387-2532},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10458-013-9246-9},
Abstract = {In game theory, it is well known that being able to commit
to a strategy before other players move can be beneficial.
In this paper, we analyze how much benefit a player can
derive from commitment in various types of games, in a
quantitative sense that is similar to concepts such as the
value of mediation and the price of anarchy. Specifically,
we introduce and study the value of pure commitment (the
benefit of committing to a pure strategy), the value of
mixed commitment (the benefit of committing to a mixed
strategy), and the mixed versus pure commitment ratio (how
much can be gained by committing to a mixed strategy rather
than a pure one). In addition to theoretical results about
how large these values are in the extreme case in various
classes of games, we also give average-case results based on
randomly drawn normal-form games. © 2013 The
Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10458-013-9246-9},
Key = {fds236163}
}
@article{fds236164,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {False-name-proof voting with costs over two
alternatives},
Journal = {International Journal of Game Theory},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {599-618},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0020-7276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-013-0397-3},
Abstract = {In open, anonymous settings such as the Internet, agents can
participate in a mechanism multiple times under different
identities. A mechanism is false-name-proof if no agent ever
benefits from participating more than once. Unfortunately,
the design of false-name-proof mechanisms has been hindered
by a variety of negative results. In this paper, we show how
some of these negative results can be circumvented by making
the realistic assumption that obtaining additional
identities comes at a (potentially small) cost. We consider
arbitrary such costs and apply our results within the
context of a voting model with two alternatives. © 2014
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00182-013-0397-3},
Key = {fds236164}
}
@article{fds236165,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Easley, D and Babaioff, M},
Title = {EC'14 foreword},
Journal = {EC 2014 - Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on
Economics and Computation},
Pages = {iii-iv},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds236165}
}
@article{fds236166,
Author = {De Weerdt and MM and Harrenstein, P and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {Strategy-proof contract auctions and the role of
ties},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {405-420},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2013.09.001},
Abstract = {A contract auction establishes a contract between a center
and one of the bidders. As contracts may describe many
terms, preferences over contracts typically display
indifferences. The Qualitative Vickrey Auction (QVA) selects
the best contract for the winner that is at least as good
for the center as any of the contracts offered by the
non-winning players. When each bidder can always offer a
contract with higher utility for the center at an
arbitrarily small loss of her own utility, the QVA is the
only mechanism that is individually rational,
strategy-proof, selects stable outcomes, and is Pareto
efficient. For general continuous utility functions, a
variant of the QVA involving fixed tie-breaking is
strategy-proof and also selects stable outcomes. However,
there is no mechanism in this setting that in addition also
selects Pareto efficient outcomes. © 2013 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2013.09.001},
Key = {fds236166}
}
@article{fds236156,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Complexity of stability-based solution concepts in
multi-issue and MC-net cooperative games},
Journal = {13th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2014},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {581-588},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781634391313},
Abstract = {MC-nets constitute a natural compact representation scheme
for cooperative games in multiagent systems. In this paper,
we study the complexity of several natural computational
problems that concern solution concepts such as the core,
the least core and the nucleolus. We characterize the
complexity of these problems for a variety of subclasses of
MC-nets, also considering constraints on the game such as
superadditivity (where appropriate). Many of our hardness
results are derived from a hardness result that we establish
for a class of multi-issue cooperative games (SILT games);
we suspect that this hardness result can also be used to
prove hardness for other representation schemes.},
Key = {fds236156}
}
@article{fds236158,
Author = {Freeman, R and Brill, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {On the axiomatic characterization of runoff voting
rules},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {675-681},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577356776},
Abstract = {Runoff voting rules such as single transferable vote (STV)
and Baldwin's rule are of particular interest in
computational social choice due to their recursive nature
and hardness of manipulation, as well as in (human) practice
because they are relatively easy to understand. However,
they are not known for their compliance with desirable
axiomatic properties, which we attempt to rectify here. We
characterize runoff rules that are based on scoring rules
using two axioms: a weakening of local independence of
irrelevant alternatives and a variant of
population-consistency. We then show, as our main technical
result, that STV is the only runoff scoring rule satisfying
an independence-of-clones property. Furthermore, we provide
axiomatizations of Baldwin's rule and Coombs'
rule.},
Key = {fds236158}
}
@article{fds236159,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Vidali, A},
Title = {Mechanism design for scheduling with uncertain execution
time},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {623-629},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577356776},
Abstract = {We study the problem where a task (or multiple unrelated
tasks) must be executed, there are multiple machines/agents
that can potentially perform the task, and our objective is
to minimize the expected sum of the agents' processing
times. Each agent does not know exactly how long it will
take him to finish the task; he only knows the distribution
from which this lime is drawn. These times are independent
across agents and the distributions fulfill the monotone
hazard rate condition. Agents are selfish and will lie about
their distributions if this increases their expected
utility.},
Key = {fds236159}
}
@article{fds236160,
Author = {Sørensen, TB and Dalis, M and Letchford, J and Korzhyk, D and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {Beat the cheater: Computing game-theoretic strategies for
when to kick a gambler out of a casino},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {798-804},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577356776},
Abstract = {Gambles in casinos are usually set up so that the casino
makes a profit in expectation-as long as gamblers play
honestly. However, some gamblers are able to cheat, reducing
the casino's profit. How should the casino address this? A
common strategy is to selectively kick gamblers out,
possibly even without being sure that they were cheating. In
this paper, we address the following question: Based solely
on a gambler's track record, when is it optimal for the
casino to kick the gambler out? Because cheaters will adapt
to the casino's policy, this is a game-theoretic question.
Specifically, we model the problem as a Bayesian game in
which the casino is a Stackelberg leader that can commit to
a (possibly randomized) policy for when to kick gamblers
out, and we provide efficient algorithms for computing the
optimal policy. Besides being potentially useful to casinos,
we imagine that similar techniques could be useful for
addressing related problems-for example, illegal trades in
financial markets.},
Key = {fds236160}
}
@article{fds236161,
Author = {Xu, H and Fang, F and Jiang, AX and Conitzer, V and Dughmi, S and Tambe,
M},
Title = {Solving zero-sum security games in discretized
spatio-temporal domains},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1500-1506},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577356783},
Abstract = {Among the many deployment areas of Stackelberg Security
games, a major area involves games played out in space and
time, which includes applications in muitipte mobile
defender resources protecting multiple mobile targets.
Previous algorithms for such spatio-temporal security games
fail to scale-up and little is known of the computational
complexity properties of these problems. This paper provides
a novel oracle-based algorithmic framework for a systematic
study of different problem variants of computing optimal
(minimax) strategies in spatio-temporal security games. Our
framework enables efficient computation of a minimax
strategy when the problem admits a polynomial-time oracle.
Furthermore, for the cases in which efficient oracles are
difficult to find, we propose approximations or prove
hardness results.},
Key = {fds236161}
}
@article{fds325609,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {The maximum likelihood approach to voting on social
networks},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2014},
Pages = {1482-1487},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/Allerton.2013.6736702},
Abstract = {© 2014 University of Illinois at Chicago. All rights
reserved. One view of voting is that voters have inherently
different preferences – de gustibus non est disputandum
– and that voting is merely a method for reaching a
reasonable compromise solution. An alternative view is that
some of the alternatives really are better in an objective
sense, and by voting over the alternatives we hope to be
more likely to reach the correct outcome. In this latter
view, we can see the votes as noisy estimates of the truth.
Specifying a probabilistic noise model gives us a natural
“optimal” voting rule for determining the outcome based
on the votes, namely, the function that takes the votes as
input and produces the outcome that maximizes the likelihood
of these votes as output. We will first review some of the
work on the maximum likelihood approach to voting. Most of
this work supposes that, conditional on the correct outcome,
votes are independent. In reality, however, voters are
clearly influenced by the opinions of those close to them.
How should we model the effects of the social network, and
what does this imply for the maximum likelihood approach? We
will first review an earlier result (Conitzer 2012) that
states that, under certain assumptions, the social network
structure should not affect the voting rule. We then
consider a new model under which this is not true, and prove
that computing the probability of the votes given the
correct outcome is #P-hard under this model. On the other
hand, if the goal is to simultaneously also give a point
estimate of the hidden variables in the model, then the
optimization problem can be solved in polynomial
time.},
Doi = {10.1109/Allerton.2013.6736702},
Key = {fds325609}
}
@article{fds236177,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {False-name-proof voting with costs over two
alternatives},
Journal = {International Journal of Game Theory},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-20},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0020-7276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-013-0397-3},
Doi = {10.1007/s00182-013-0397-3},
Key = {fds236177}
}
@article{fds325603,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Determining Possible and Necessary Winners Given Partial
Orders.},
Journal = {CoRR},
Volume = {abs/1401.3876},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds325603}
}
@article{fds325604,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of Mechanism Design.},
Journal = {CoRR},
Volume = {abs/1408.1486},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds325604}
}
@article{fds325605,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Eliciting Single-Peaked Preferences Using Comparison
Queries.},
Journal = {CoRR},
Volume = {abs/1401.3449},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds325605}
}
@article{fds325607,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Yin, Z and Kiekintveld, C and Conitzer, V and Tambe,
M},
Title = {Stackelberg vs. Nash in Security Games: An Extended
Investigation of Interchangeability, Equivalence, and
Uniqueness.},
Journal = {CoRR},
Volume = {abs/1401.3888},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds325607}
}
@article{fds325606,
Title = {ACM Conference on Economics and Computation, EC '14,
Stanford , CA, USA, June 8-12, 2014},
Journal = {EC},
Publisher = {ACM},
Editor = {Babaioff, M and Conitzer, V and Easley, DA},
Year = {2014},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-2565-3},
Key = {fds325606}
}
@article{fds236175,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Game-theoretic question selection for tests},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {254-262},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {Conventionally, the questions on a test are assumed to be
kept secret from test takers until the test. However, for
tests that are taken on a large scale, particularly
asynchronously, this is very hard to achieve. For example,
example TOEFL iBT and driver's license test questions are
easily found online. This also appears likely to become an
issue for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). In this
paper, we take the loss of confidentiality as a fact. Even
so, not all hope is lost as the test taker can memorize only
a limited set of questions' answers, and the tester can
randomize which questions appear on the test. We model this
as a Stackelberg game, where the tester commits to a mixed
strategy and the follower responds. We provide an
exponential-size linear program formulation, prove several
NP-hardness results, and give efficient algorithms for
special cases.},
Key = {fds236175}
}
@article{fds236176,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {The exact computational complexity of evolutionarily stable
strategies},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {8289 LNCS},
Pages = {96-108},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45046-4_9},
Abstract = {While the computational complexity of many game-theoretic
solution concepts, notably Nash equilibrium, has now been
settled, the question of determining the exact complexity of
computing an evolutionarily stable strategy has resisted
solution since attention was drawn to it in 2004. In this
paper, I settle this question by proving that deciding the
existence of an evolutionarily stable strategy is -complete.
© 2013 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-45046-4_9},
Key = {fds236176}
}
@article{fds236183,
Author = {Andersen, G and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Fast equilibrium computation for infinitely repeated
games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 27th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2013},
Pages = {53-59},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {desJardins, M and Littman, ML},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781577356158},
url = {http://www.aaai.org/Library/AAAI/aaai13contents.php},
Abstract = {It is known that an equilibrium of an infinitely repeated
two-player game (with limit average payoffs) can be computed
in polynomial time, as follows: according to the folk
theorem, we compute minimax strategies for both players to
calculate the punishment values, and subsequently find a
mixture over outcomes that exceeds these punishment values.
However, for very large games, even computing minimax
strategies can be prohibitive. In this paper, we propose an
algorithmic framework for computing equilibria of repeated
games that does not require linear programming and that does
not necessarily need to inspect all payoffs of the game.
This algorithm necessarily sometimes fails to compute an
equilibrium, but we mathematically demonstrate that most of
the time it succeeds quickly on uniformly random games, and
experimentally demonstrate this for other classes of games.
This also holds for games with more than two players, for
which no efficient general algorithms are known. Copyright
© 2013, Association for the Advancement of Artificial
Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236183}
}
@article{fds236184,
Author = {Letchford, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Solving security games on graphs via marginal
probabilities},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 27th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2013},
Pages = {591-597},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {desJardins, M and Littman, ML},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781577356158},
url = {http://www.aaai.org/Library/AAAI/aaai13contents.php},
Abstract = {Security games involving the allocation of multiple security
resources to defend multiple targets generally have an
exponential number of pure strategies for the defender. One
method that has been successful in addressing this
computational issue is to instead directly compute the
marginal probabilities with which the individual resources
are assigned (first pursued by Kiekintveld et al. (2009)).
However, in sufficiently general settings, there exist games
where these marginal solutions are not implementable, that
is, they do not correspond to any mixed strategy of the
defender. In this paper, we examine security games where the
defender tries to monitor the vertices of a graph, and we
show how the type of graph, the type of schedules, and the
type of defender resources affect the applicability of this
approach. In some settings, we show the approach is
applicable and give a polynomial-time algorithm for
computing an optimal defender strategy; in other settings,
we give counterexample games that demonstrate that the
approach does not work, and prove NP-hardness results for
computing an optimal defender strategy. Copyright © 2013,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236184}
}
@article{fds236174,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {The maximum likelihood approach to voting on social
networks},
Journal = {2013 51st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication,
Control, and Computing, Allerton 2013},
Pages = {1482-1487},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/Allerton.2013.6736702},
Abstract = {One view of voting is that voters have inherently different
preferences - de gustibus non est disputandum - and that
voting is merely a method for reaching a reasonable
compromise solution. An alternative view is that some of the
alternatives really are better in an objective sense, and by
voting over the alternatives we hope to be more likely to
reach the correct outcome. In this latter view, we can see
the votes as noisy estimates of the truth. Specifying a
probabilistic noise model gives us a natural 'optimal'
voting rule for determining the outcome based on the votes,
namely, the function that takes the votes as input and
produces the outcome that maximizes the likelihood of these
votes as output. We will first review some of the work on
the maximum likelihood approach to voting. Most of this work
supposes that, conditional on the correct outcome, votes are
independent. In reality, however, voters are clearly
influenced by the opinions of those close to them. How
should we model the effects of the social network, and what
does this imply for the maximum likelihood approach' We will
first review an earlier result [1] that states that, under
certain assumptions, the social network structure should not
affect the voting rule. We then consider a new model under
which this is not true, and prove that computing the
probability of the votes given the correct outcome is
#P-hard under this model. On the other hand, if the goal is
to simultaneously also give a point estimate of the hidden
variables in the model, then the optimization problem can be
solved in polynomial time. © 2013 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/Allerton.2013.6736702},
Key = {fds236174}
}
@article{fds303204,
Author = {Guo, M and Markakis, E and Apt, KR and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Undominated groves mechanisms},
Journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {129-163},
Publisher = {AI Access Foundation},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1203.1809v2},
Abstract = {The family of Groves mechanisms, which includes the
well-known VCG mechanism (also known as the Clarke
mechanism), is a family of efficient and strategy-proof
mechanisms. Unfortunately, the Groves mechanisms are
generally not budget balanced. That is, under such
mechanisms, payments may flow into or out of the system of
the agents, resulting in deficits or reduced utilities for
the agents. We consider the following problem: within the
family of Groves mechanisms, we want to identify mechanisms
that give the agents the highest utilities, under the
constraint that these mechanisms must never incur deficits.
We adopt a prior-free approach. We introduce two general
measures for comparing mechanisms in prior-free settings. We
say that a non-deficit Groves mechanism M individually
dominates another non-deficit Groves mechanism M′ if for
every type profile, every agent's utility under M is no less
than that under M′, and this holds with strict inequality
for at least one type profile and one agent. We say that a
non-deficit Groves mechanism M collectively dominates
another non-deficit Groves mechanism M′ if for every type
profile, the agents' total utility under M is no less than
that under M′, and this holds with strict inequality for
at least one type profile. The above definitions induce two
partial orders on non-deficit Groves mechanisms. We study
the maximal elements corresponding to these two partial
orders, which we call the individually undominated
mechanisms and the collectively undominated mechanisms,
respectively. © 2013 AI Access Foundation. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1613/jair.3810},
Key = {fds303204}
}
@article{fds325608,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Mcafee, RP},
Title = {The ACM transactions on economics and computation: An
introduction},
Journal = {ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2399187.2399188},
Doi = {10.1145/2399187.2399188},
Key = {fds325608}
}
@article{fds236180,
Author = {Todo, T and Conitzer, V},
Title = {False-name-proof matching},
Journal = {12th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems 2013, AAMAS 2013},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {311-318},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Gini, ML and Shehory, O and Ito, T and Jonker, CM},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-1993-5},
url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2484920},
Abstract = {Matching a set of agents to a set of objects has many real
applications. One well-studied framework is that of
priority-based matching, in which each object is assumed to
have a priority order over the agents. The Deferred
Acceptance (DA) and Top-Trading-Cycle (TTC) mechanisms are
the best-known strategy-proof mechanisms. However, in highly
anonymous environments, the set of agents is not known a
priori, and it is more natural for objects to instead have
priorities over characteristics (e.g., the student's GPA or
home address). In this paper, we extend the model so that
each agent reports not only its preferences over objects,
but also its characteristic. We derive results for various
notions of strategy-proofness and false-name-proofness,
corresponding to whether agents can only report weaker
characteristics or also incomparable or stronger ones, and
whether agents can only claim objects allocated to their
true accounts or also those allocated to their fake
accounts. Among other results, we show that DA and TTC
satisfy a weak version of false-name-proofness. Furthermore,
DA also satisfies a strong version of false-name-proofness,
while TTC fails to satisfy it without an acyclicity
assumption on priorities. Copyright © 2013, International
Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
(www.ifaamas.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236180}
}
@article{fds236181,
Author = {Li, Y and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Optimal Internet auctions with costly communication},
Journal = {12th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems 2013, AAMAS 2013},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {683-690},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Gini, ML and Shehory, O and Ito, T and Jonker, CM},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-1993-5},
url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2484920},
Abstract = {Iterative auctions can reach an outcome before all bidders
have revealed all their preference information. This can
decrease costs associated with communication, deliberation,
and loss of privacy. We propose an explicit cost model that
is inspired by single-item Internet auctions, such as those
taking place on auction sites (eBay) or via informal
communication (craigslist, mailing lists). A nonzero bid
comes at a cost to both the seller and the bidder, and the
seller can send broadcast queries at a cost. Under this
model, we study auctions that maximize the seller's profit
(revenue minus seller cost). We consider multi-round Vickrey
auctions (MVAs), in which the seller runs multiple Vickrey
auctions, with decreasing reserve prices. We prove that
restricting attention to this class is without loss of
optimality, show how to compute an optimal MVA, and compare
experimentally to some other natural MVAs. Among our
findings are that (1) the expected total cost is bounded by
a constant for arbitrarily many bidders, and (2) the optimal
MVA and profit remain the same as long as the total bid cost
is fixed, regardless of which portion of it belongs to the
seller and which to the buyer. Copyright © 2013,
International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236181}
}
@article{fds236182,
Author = {Jain, M and Conitzer, V and Tambe, M},
Title = {Security scheduling for real-world networks},
Journal = {12th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems 2013, AAMAS 2013},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {215-222},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Gini, ML and Shehory, O and Ito, T and Jonker, CM},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-4503-1993-5},
url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2484920},
Abstract = {Network based security games, where a defender strategically
places security measures on the edges of a graph to protect
against an adversary, who chooses a path through a graph is
an important research problem with potential for real-world
impact. For example, police forces face the problem of
placing checkpoints on roads to inspect vehicular traffic in
their day-to-day operations, a security measure the Mumbai
police have performed since the terrorist attacks in 2008.
Algorithms for solving such network-based security problems
have been proposed in the literature, but none of them scale
up to solving problems of the size of real-world networks.
In this paper, we present SNARES, a novel algorithm that
computes optimal solutions for both the defender and the
attacker in such network security problems. Based on a
double-oracle framework, SNARES makes novel use of two
approaches: warm starts and greedy responses. It makes the
following contributions: (1) It defines and uses
mincut-fanout, a novel method for efficient warm-starting of
the computation; (2) It exploits the sub-modularity property
of the defender optimization in a greedy heuristic, which is
used to generate "better-responses"; SNARES also uses a
better-response computation for the attacker. Furthermore,
we evaluate the performance of SNARES in real-world networks
illustrating a significant advance: whereas state-of-the-art
algorithms could handle just the southern tip of Mumbai,
SNARES can compute optimal strategy for the entire urban
road network of Mumbai. Copyright © 2013, International
Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
(www.ifaamas.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236182}
}
@article{fds236178,
Author = {Letchford, J and Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V},
Title = {On the value of commitment},
Journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1-31},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1387-2532},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10458-013-9246-9},
Doi = {10.1007/s10458-013-9246-9},
Key = {fds236178}
}
@article{fds236179,
Author = {de Weerdt, MM and Harrenstein, P and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {Strategy-proof contract auctions and the role of
ties},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {405-420},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2013.09.001},
Abstract = {A contract auction establishes a contract between a center
and one of the bidders. As contracts may describe many
terms, preferences over contracts typically display
indifferences. The Qualitative Vickrey Auction (QVA) selects
the best contract for the winner that is at least as good
for the center as any of the contracts offered by the
non-winning players. When each bidder can always offer a
contract with higher utility for the center at an
arbitrarily small loss of her own utility, the QVA is the
only mechanism that is individually rational,
strategy-proof, selects stable outcomes, and is Pareto
efficient. For general continuous utility functions, a
variant of the QVA involving fixed tie-breaking is
strategy-proof and also selects stable outcomes. However,
there is no mechanism in this setting that in addition also
selects Pareto efficient outcomes. © 2013 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2013.09.001},
Key = {fds236179}
}
@article{fds236298,
Author = {Bhattacharya, S and Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing a profit-maximizing sequence of offers to agents
in a social network},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {7695 LNCS},
Pages = {482-488},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35311-6_36},
Abstract = {Firms have ever-increasing amounts of information about
possible customers available to them; furthermore, they are
increasingly able to push offers to them rather than having
to passively wait for a consumer to initiate contact. This
opens up enormous new opportunities for intelligent
marketing. In this paper, we consider the limit case in
which the firm can predict consumers' preferences and
relationships to each other perfectly, and has perfect
control over when it makes offers to consumers. We focus on
how to optimally introduce a new product into a social
network of agents, when that product has significant
externalities. We propose a general model to capture this
problem, and prove that there is no polynomial-time
approximation unless P=NP. However, in the special case
where agents' relationships are symmetric and externalities
are positive, we show that the problem can be solved in
polynomial time. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35311-6_36},
Key = {fds236298}
}
@article{fds325610,
Author = {Letchford, J and MacDermed, L and Conitzer, V and Parr, R and Isbell,
CL},
Title = {Computing Stackelberg strategies in stochastic
games},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {36-40},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2509002.2509011},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Significant recent progress has been made in both
the computation of optimal strategies to commit to
(Stackelberg strategies), and the computation of correlated
equilibria of stochastic games. In this letter we discuss
some recent results in the intersection of these two areas.
We investigate how valuable commitment can be in stochastic
games and give a brief summary of complexity results about
computing Stackelberg strategies in stochastic
games.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1145/2509002.2509011},
Key = {fds325610}
}
@article{fds236200,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Xia, L},
Title = {Approximating common voting rules by sequential voting in
multi-issue domains},
Journal = {International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2012},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.cs.uic.edu/bin/view/Isaim2012/AcceptedPapers},
Abstract = {When agents need to make decisions on multiple issues, one
solution is to vote on the issues sequentially. In this
paper, we investigate how well the winner under the
sequential voting process approximates the winners under
some common voting rules. Some common voting rules,
including Borda, k-approval, Copeland, maximin, Bucklin, and
Dodgson, admit natural scoring functions that can serve as a
basis for approximation results. We focus on multi-issue
domains where each issue is binary and the agents'
preferences are O-legal, separable, represented by LP-trees,
or lexicographic. Our results show significant improvements
in the approximation ratios when the preferences are
represented by LP-trees, compared to the approximation
ratios when the preferences are O-legal. However, assuming
that the preferences are separable (respectively,
lexicographic) does not significantly improve the
approximation ratios compared to the case where the
preferences are O-legal (respectively, are represented by
LP-trees). Copyright© 2011, Association for the Advancement
of Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236200}
}
@article{fds236304,
Author = {Waggoner, B and Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Evaluating resistance to false-name manipulations in
elections},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1485-1491},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {In many mechanisms (especially online mechanisms), a
strategic agent can influence the outcome by creating
multiple false identities. We consider voting settings where
the mechanism designer cannot completely prevent false-name
manipulation, but may use false-name-limiting methods such
as CAPTCHAs to influence the amount and characteristics of
such manipulation. Such a designer would prefer, first, a
high probability of obtaining the "correct" outcome, and
second, a statistical method for evaluating the correctness
of the outcome. In this paper, we focus on settings with two
alternatives. We model voters as independently drawing a
number of identities from a distribution that may be
influenced by the choice of the false-name-limiting method.
We give a criterion for the evaluation and comparison of
these distributions. Then, given the results of an election
in which false-name manipulation may have occurred, we
propose and justify a statistical test for evaluating the
outcome. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement
of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236304}
}
@article{fds236305,
Author = {Letchford, J and MacDermed, L and Conitzer, V and Parr, R and Isbell,
CL},
Title = {Computing optimal strategies to commit to in stochastic
games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1380-1386},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Significant progress has been made recently in the following
two lines of research in the intersection of AI and game
theory: (1) the computation of optimal strategies to commit
to (Stackelberg strategies), and (2) the computation of
correlated equilibria of stochastic games. In this paper, we
unite these two lines of research by studying the
computation of Stackelberg strategies in stochastic games.
We provide theoretical results on the value of being able to
commit and the value of being able to correlate, as well as
complexity results about computing Stackelberg strategies in
stochastic games. We then modify the QPACE algorithm
(MacDermed et al. 2011) to compute Stackelberg strategies,
and provide experimental results. Copyright © 2012,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236305}
}
@article{fds236306,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing game-theoretic solutions and applications to
security},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {2106-2112},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {The multiagent systems community has adopted game theory as
a framework for the design of systems of multiple
self-interested agents. For this to be effective, efficient
algorithms must be designed to compute the solutions that
game theory prescribes. In this paper, I summarize some of
the state of the art on this topic, focusing particularly on
how this line of work has contributed to several highly
visible deployed security applications, developed at the
University of Southern California. Copyright © 2012,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236306}
}
@article{fds236307,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {An undergraduate course in the intersection of computer
science and economics},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {2357-2362},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {In recent years, major research advances have taken place in
the intersection of computer science and economics, but this
material has so far been taught primarily at the graduate
level. This paper describes a novel semester-long
undergraduate-level course in the intersection of computer
science and economics at Duke University, titled "CPS 173:
Computational Microeconomics." Copyright © 2012,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236307}
}
@article{fds343206,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {False-name-proofness with Bid Withdrawal},
Volume = {abs/1208.6501},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {We study a more powerful variant of false-name manipulation
in Internet auctions: an agent can submit multiple
false-name bids, but then, once the allocation and payments
have been decided, withdraw some of her false-name
identities (have some of her false-name identities refuse to
pay). While these withdrawn identities will not obtain the
items they won, their initial presence may have been
beneficial to the agent's other identities. We define a
mechanism to be false-name-proof with withdrawal (FNPW) if
the aforementioned manipulation is never beneficial. FNPW is
a stronger condition than false-name-proofness
(FNP).},
Key = {fds343206}
}
@article{fds236300,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Should social network structure be taken into account in
elections?},
Journal = {Mathematical Social Sciences},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {100-102},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0165-4896},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2011.03.006},
Abstract = {If the social network structure among the voters in an
election is known, how should this be taken into account by
the voting rule? In this brief article, I argue, via the
maximum likelihood approach to voting, that it is optimal to
ignore the social network structure altogether-one person,
one vote. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2011.03.006},
Key = {fds236300}
}
@article{fds236301,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Taylor, CR and Wagman, L},
Title = {Hide and seek: Costly consumer privacy in a market with
repeat purchases},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-292},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0732-2399},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1110.0691},
Abstract = {When a firm can recognize its previous customers, it may use
information about their past purchases to price
discriminate. We study a model with a monopolist and a
continuum of heterogeneous consumers, where consumers have
the ability to maintain their anonymity and avoid being
identified as past customers, possibly at a cost. When
consumers can freely maintain their anonymity, they all
individually choose to do so, which results in the highest
profit for the monopolist. Increasing the cost of anonymity
can benefit consumers but only up to a point, after which
the effect is reversed. We show that if the monopolist or an
independent third party controls the cost of anonymity, it
often works to the detriment of consumers. © 2012
INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.1110.0691},
Key = {fds236301}
}
@article{fds236299,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Choosing fair lotteries to defeat the competition},
Journal = {International Journal of Game Theory},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-129},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-7276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-011-0275-9},
Abstract = {We study the following game: each agent i chooses a lottery
over nonnegative numbers whose expectation is equal to his
budget b i. The agent with the highest realized outcome wins
(and agents only care about winning). This game is motivated
by various real-world settings where agents each choose a
gamble and the primary goal is to come out ahead. Such
settings include patent races, stock market competitions,
and R&D tournaments. We show that there is a unique
symmetric equilibrium when budgets are equal. We proceed to
study and solve extensions, including settings where agents
choose their budgets (at a cost) and where budgets are
private information. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00182-011-0275-9},
Key = {fds236299}
}
@article{fds236297,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Computing optimal outcomes under an expressive
representation of settings with externalities},
Journal = {Journal of Computer and System Sciences},
Volume = {78},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2011.02.009},
Abstract = {When a decision must be made based on the preferences of
multiple agents, and the space of possible outcomes is
combinatorial in nature, it becomes necessary to think about
how preferences should be represented, and how this affects
the complexity of finding an optimal (or at least a good)
outcome. We study settings with externalities, where each
agent controls one or more variables, and how these
variables are set affects not only the agent herself, but
also potentially the other agents. For example, one agent
may decide to reduce her pollution, which will come at a
cost to herself, but will result in a benefit for all other
agents. We formalize how to represent such domains and show
that in a number of key special cases, it is NP-complete to
determine whether there exists a nontrivial feasible
solution (and therefore the maximum social welfare is
completely inapproximable). However, for one important
special case, we give an algorithm that converges to the
solution with the maximal concession by each agent (in a
linear number of rounds for utility functions that
additively decompose into piecewise constant functions).
Maximizing social welfare, however, remains NP-hard even in
this setting. We also demonstrate a special case that can be
solved in polynomial time using linear programming. © 2011
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jcss.2011.02.009},
Key = {fds236297}
}
@article{fds236192,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Xia, L},
Title = {Paradoxes of multiple elections: An approximation
approach},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge
Representation and Reasoning},
Pages = {179-187},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Brewka, G and Eiter, T and McIlraith, SA},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577355601},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/kr/kr2012.html},
Abstract = {When agents need to make decisions on multiple issues,
applying common voting rules becomes computationally hard
due to the exponentially large number of alternatives. One
computationally efficient solution is to vote on the issues
sequentially. In this paper, we investigate how well the
winner under the sequential voting process approximates the
winners under some common voting rules that admit natural
scoring functions that can serve as a basis for
approximation results. We focus on multi-issue domains where
each issue is binary and the agents' preferences are
O-legal, separable, represented by LP-trees, or
lexicographic. We show some generalized paradoxes of
multiple elections: Sequential voting does not approximate
many common voting rules well even when the preferences are
O-legal or separable. However, these paradoxes are much
alleviated or even completely avoided when the preferences
are lexicographic or represented by LP-trees. Our results
thus draw a border for conditions under which sequential
voting rules, which have extremely low computational and
communicational cost, are good approximations of some common
voting rules w.r.t. their corresponding scoring functions.
Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236192}
}
@article{fds375193,
Author = {Letchford, J and MacDermed, L and Conitzer, V and Parr, R and Isbell,
CL},
Title = {Computing Optimal Strategies to Commit to in Stochastic
Games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 26th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2012},
Pages = {1380-1386},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Significant progress has been made recently in the following
two lines of research in the intersection of AI and game
theory: (1) the computation of optimal strategies to commit
to (Stackelberg strategies), and (2) the computation of
correlated equilibria of stochastic games. In this paper, we
unite these two lines of research by studying the
computation of Stackelberg strategies in stochastic games.
We provide theoretical results on the value of being able to
commit and the value of being able to correlate, as well as
complexity results about computing Stackelberg strategies in
stochastic games. We then modify the QPACE algorithm
(MacDermed et al. 2011) to compute Stackelberg strategies,
and provide experimental results.},
Key = {fds375193}
}
@article{fds375194,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing Game-Theoretic Solutions and Applications to
Security},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 26th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2012},
Pages = {2106-2112},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The multiagent systems community has adopted game theory as
a framework for the design of systems of multiple
self-interested agents. For this to be effective, efficient
algorithms must be designed to compute the solutions that
game theory prescribes. In this paper, I summarize some of
the state of the art on this topic, focusing particularly on
how this line of work has contributed to several highly
visible deployed security applications, developed at the
University of Southern California.},
Key = {fds375194}
}
@article{fds375195,
Author = {Waggoner, B and Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Evaluating Resistance to False-Name Manipulations in
Elections},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 26th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2012},
Pages = {1485-1491},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In many mechanisms (especially online mechanisms), a
strategic agent can influence the outcome by creating
multiple false identities. We consider voting settings where
the mechanism designer cannot completely prevent false-name
manipulation, but may use false-name-limiting methods such
as CAPTCHAs to influence the amount and characteristics of
such manipulation. Such a designer would prefer, first, a
high probability of obtaining the “correct” outcome, and
second, a statistical method for evaluating the correctness
of the outcome. In this paper, we focus on settings with two
alternatives. We model voters as independently drawing a
number of identities from a distribution that may be
influenced by the choice of the false-name-limiting method.
We give a criterion for the evaluation and comparison of
these distributions. Then, given the results of an election
in which false-name manipulation may have occurred, we
propose and justify a statistical test for evaluating the
outcome.},
Key = {fds375195}
}
@article{fds236294,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Discussion of "a conditional game for comparing
approximations"},
Journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {72-73},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1532-4435},
Abstract = {This brief paper discusses the paper by Eaton mentioned in
the title [1]. Copyright 2011 by the authors.},
Key = {fds236294}
}
@article{fds236194,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V and Parr, R},
Title = {Security games with multiple attacker resources},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {273-279},
Publisher = {IJCAI/AAAI},
Editor = {Walsh, T},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781577355120},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2011.html},
Abstract = {Algorithms for finding game-theoretic solutions are now used
in several real-world security applications. This work has
generally assumed a Stackelberg model where the defender
commits to a mixed strategy first. In general two-player
normal-form games, Stackelberg strategies are easier to
compute than Nash equilibria, though it has recently been
shown that in many security games, Stackelberg strategies
are also Nash strategies for the defender. However, the work
on security games so far assumes that the attacker attacks
only a single target. In this paper, we generalize to the
case where the attacker attacks multiple targets
simultaneously. Here, Stackelberg and Nash strategies for
the defender can be truly different. We provide a
polynomial-time algorithm for finding a Nash equilibrium.
The algorithm gradually increases the number of defender
resources and maintains an equilibrium throughout this
process. Moreover, we prove that Nash equilibria in security
games with multiple attackers satisfy the interchange
property, which resolves the problem of equilibrium
selection in such games. On the other hand, we show that
Stackelberg strategies are actually NP-hard to compute in
this context. Finally, we provide experimental
results.},
Doi = {10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/IJCAI11-056},
Key = {fds236194}
}
@article{fds236195,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Lang, J and Xia, L},
Title = {Hypercubewise preference aggregation in multi-issue
domains},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {158-163},
Publisher = {IJCAI/AAAI},
Editor = {Walsh, T},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781577355120},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2011.html},
Abstract = {We consider a framework for preference aggregation on
multiple binary issues, where agents' preferences are
represented by (possibly cyclic) CP-nets. We focus on the
majority aggregation of the individual CP-nets, which is the
CP-net where the direction of each edge of the hypercube is
decided according to the majority rule. First we focus on
hypercube Condorcet winners (HCWs); in particular, we show
that, assuming a uniform distribution for the CP-nets, the
probability that there exists at least one HCWis at least 1
- 1/e, and the expected number of HCWs is 1. Our
experimental results confirm these results. We also show
experimental results under the Impartial Culture assumption.
We then generalize a few tournament solutions to select
winners from (weighted) majoritarian CP-nets, namely
Copeland, maximin, and Kemeny. For each of these, we address
some social choice theoretic and computational
issues.},
Doi = {10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/IJCAI11-038},
Key = {fds236195}
}
@article{fds236199,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A maximum likelihood approach towards aggregating partial
orders},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {446-451},
Publisher = {IJCAI/AAAI},
Editor = {Walsh, T},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781577355120},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2011.html},
Abstract = {In many of the possible applications as well as the
theoretical models of computational social choice, the
agents' preferences are represented as partial orders. In
this paper, we extend the maximum likelihood approach for
defining "optimal" voting rules to this setting. We consider
distributions in which the pairwise comparisons/incomparabilities
between alternatives are drawn i.i.d. We call such models
pairwise-independent models and show that they correspond to
a class of voting rules that we call pairwise scoring rules.
This generalizes rules such as Kemeny and Borda. Moreover,
we show that Borda is the only pairwise scoring rule that
satisfies neutrality, when the outcome space is the set of
all alternatives. We then study which voting rules defined
for linear orders can be extended to partial orders via our
MLE model. We show that any weakly neutral outcome scoring
rule (including any ranking/candidate scoring rule) based on
the weighted majority graph can be represented as the MLE of
a weakly neutral pairwise-independent model. Therefore, all
such rules admit natural extensions to profiles of partial
orders. Finally, we propose a specific MLE model πk for
generating a set of k winning alternatives, and study the
computational complexity of winner determination for the MLE
of πk.},
Doi = {10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/IJCAI11-082},
Key = {fds236199}
}
@article{fds236288,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Walsh, T and Xia, L},
Title = {Dominating manipulations in voting with partial
information},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {638-643},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {We consider manipulation problems when the manipulator only
has partial information about the votes of the
non-manipulators. Such partial information is described by
an information set, which is the set of profiles of the
non-manipulators that are indistinguishable to the
manipulator. Given such an information set, a dominating
manipulation is a non-truthful vote that the manipulator can
cast which makes the winner at least as preferable (and
sometimes more preferable) as the winner when the
manipulator votes truthfully. When the manipulator has full
information, computing whether or not there exists a
dominating manipulation is in P for many common voting rules
(by known results). We show that when the manipulator has no
information, there is no dominating manipulation for many
common voting rules. When the manipulator's information is
represented by partial orders and only a small portion of
the preferences are unknown, computing a dominating
manipulation is NP-hard for many common voting rules. Our
results thus throw light on whether we can prevent strategic
behavior by limiting information about the votes of other
voters. Copyright © 2011, Association for the Advancement
of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236288}
}
@article{fds236290,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Korzhyk, D},
Title = {Commitment to correlated strategies},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {632-637},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {The standard approach to computing an optimal mixed strategy
to commit to is based on solving a set of linear programs,
one for each of the follower's pure strategies. We show that
these linear programs can be naturally merged into a single
linear program; that this linear program can be interpreted
as a formulation for the optimal correlated strategy to
commit to, giving an easy proof of a result by von Stengel
and Zamir that the leader's utility is at least the utility
she gets in any correlated equilibrium of the
simultaneous-move game; and that this linear program can be
extended to compute optimal correlated strategies to commit
to in games of three or more players. (Unlike in two-player
games, in games of three or more players, the notions of
optimal mixed and correlated strategies to commit to are
truly distinct.) We give examples, and provide experimental
results that indicate that for 50 x 50 games, this approach
is usually significantly faster than the multiple-LPs
approach. Copyright © 2011, Association for the Advancement
of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236290}
}
@article{fds325423,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Hide and Seek: Costly Consumer Privacy in a Market with
Repeat Purchases},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds325423}
}
@article{fds375196,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Korzhyk, D},
Title = {Commitment to Correlated Strategies},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 25th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2011},
Pages = {632-637},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781577355083},
Abstract = {The standard approach to computing an optimal mixed strategy
to commit to is based on solving a set of linear programs,
one for each of the follower's pure strategies. We show that
these linear programs can be naturally merged into a single
linear program; that this linear program can be interpreted
as a formulation for the optimal correlated strategy to
commit to, giving an easy proof of a result by von Stengel
and Zamir that the leader's utility is at least the utility
she gets in any correlated equilibrium of the
simultaneous-move game; and that this linear program can be
extended to compute optimal correlated strategies to commit
to in games of three or more players. (Unlike in two-player
games, in games of three or more players, the notions of
optimal mixed and correlated strategies to commit to are
truly distinct.) We give examples, and provide experimental
results that indicate that for 50 × 50 games, this approach
is usually significantly faster than the multiple-LPs
approach.},
Key = {fds375196}
}
@article{fds375197,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Walsh, T and Xia, L},
Title = {Dominating Manipulations in Voting with Partial
Information},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 25th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2011},
Pages = {638-643},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781577355083},
Abstract = {We consider manipulation problems when the manipulator only
has partial information about the votes of the
non-manipulators. Such partial information is described by
an information set, which is the set of profiles of the
non-manipulators that are indistinguishable to the
manipulator. Given such an information set, a dominating
manipulation is a non-truthful vote that the manipulator can
cast which makes the winner at least as preferable (and
sometimes more preferable) as the winner when the
manipulator votes truthfully. When the manipulator has full
information, computing whether or not there exists a
dominating manipulation is in P for many common voting rules
(by known results). We show that when the manipulator has no
information, there is no dominating manipulation for many
common voting rules. When the manipulator's information is
represented by partial orders and only a small portion of
the preferences are unknown, computing a dominating
manipulation is NP-hard for many common voting rules. Our
results thus throw light on whether we can prevent strategic
behavior by limiting information about the votes of other
voters.},
Key = {fds375197}
}
@article{fds236286,
Author = {Naoki, O and Vincent, C and Ryo, I and Yuko, S and Atsushi, I and Makoto,
Y},
Title = {Coalition structure generation utilizing compact
characteristic function representations},
Journal = {Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {451-460},
Publisher = {Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1346-0714},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1527/tjsai.26.451},
Abstract = {This paper presents a new way of formalizing the Coalition
Structure Generation problem (CSG), so that we can apply
constraint optimization techniques to it. Forming effective
coalitions is a major research challenge in AI and
multi-agent systems. CSG involves partitioning a set of
agents into coalitions so that social surplus is maximized.
Traditionally, the input of the CSG problem is a black-box
function called a characteristic function, which takes a
coalition as an input and returns the value of the
coalition. As a result, applying constraint optimization
techniques to this problem has been infeasible. However,
characteristic functions that appear in practice often can
be represented concisely by a set of rules, rather than a
single black-box function. Then, we can solve the CSG
problem more efficiently by applying constraint optimization
techniques to the compact representation directly. We
present new formalizations of the CSG problem by utilizing
recently developed compact representation schemes for
characteristic functions. We first characterize the
complexity of the CSG under these representation schemes. In
this context, the complexity is driven more by the number of
rules rather than by the number of agents. Furthermore, as
an initial step towards developing efficient constraint
optimization algorithms for solving the CSG problem, we
develop mixed integer programming formulations and show that
an off-the-shelf optimization package can perform reasonably
well, i.e., it can solve instances with a few hundred
agents, while the state-of-the-art algorithm (which does not
make use of compact representations) can solve instances
with up to 27 agents.},
Doi = {10.1527/tjsai.26.451},
Key = {fds236286}
}
@article{fds236293,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Expressive markets for donating to charities},
Journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {175},
Number = {7-8},
Pages = {1251-1271},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0004-3702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2010.11.007},
Abstract = {When donating money to a (say, charitable) cause, it is
possible to use the contemplated donation as a bargaining
chip to induce other parties interested in the charity to
donate more. Such negotiation is usually done in terms of
matching offers, where one party promises to pay a certain
amount if others pay a certain amount. However, in their
current form, matching offers allow for only limited
negotiation. For one, it is not immediately clear how
multiple parties can make matching offers at the same time
without creating circular dependencies. Also, it is not
immediately clear how to make a donation conditional on
other donations to multiple charities when the donor has
different levels of appreciation for the different
charities. In both these cases, the limited expressiveness
of matching offers causes economic loss: it may happen that
an arrangement that all parties (donors as well as
charities) would have preferred cannot be expressed in terms
of matching offers and will therefore not occur. In this
paper, we introduce a bidding language for expressing very
general types of matching offers over multiple charities. We
formulate the corresponding clearing problem (deciding how
much each bidder pays, and how much each charity receives),
and show that it cannot be approximated to any ratio in
polynomial time unless P = NP, even in very restricted
settings. We give a mixed integer program formulation of the
clearing problem, and show that for concave bids, the
program reduces to a linear program. We then show that the
clearing problem for a subclass of concave bids is at least
as hard as the decision variant of linear programming. We
also consider the case where each charity has a target
amount, and bidders willingness-to-pay functions are
concave. Here, we show that the optimal surplus can be
approximated to a ratio m, the number of charities, in
polynomial time (and no significantly better approximation
is possible in polynomial time unless P = NP); no
polynomial-time approximation ratio is possible for
maximizing the total donated, unless P = NP. Subsequently,
we show that the clearing problem is much easier when bids
are quasilinear-for maximizing surplus, the problem
decomposes across charities, and for maximizing the total
donated, a greedy approach is optimal if the bids are
concave (although this latter problem is weakly NP-hard when
the bids are not concave). For the quasilinear setting, we
study the mechanism design question. We show that an ex-post
efficient mechanism is impossible even with only one charity
and a very restricted class of bids. We also show that there
can be benefits to linking the charities from a mechanism
design standpoint. Finally, we discuss an experiment in
which we used this methodology to collect money for victims
of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. © 2010 Published by
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2010.11.007},
Key = {fds236293}
}
@article{fds236295,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Determining possible and necessary winners under common
voting rules given partial orders},
Journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {25-67},
Publisher = {AI Access Foundation},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1076-9757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3186},
Abstract = {Usually a voting rule requires agents to give their
preferences as linear orders. However, in some cases it is
impractical for an agent to give a linear order over all the
alternatives. It has been suggested to let agents submit
partial orders instead. Then, given a voting rule, a profile
of partial orders, and an alternative (candidate) c, two
important questions arise: first, is it still possible for c
to win, and second, is c guaranteed to win? These are the
possible winner and necessary winner problems, respectively.
Each of these two problems is further divided into two
sub-problems: determining whether c is a unique winner (that
is, c is the only winner), or determining whether c is a
co-winner (that is, c is in the set of winners). We consider
the setting where the number of alternatives is unbounded
and the votes are unweighted. We completely characterize the
complexity of possible/necessary winner problems for the
following common voting rules: a class of positional scoring
rules (including Borda), Copeland, maximin, Bucklin, ranked
pairs, voting trees, and plurality with runoff. © 2011 AI
Access Foundation. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1613/jair.3186},
Key = {fds236295}
}
@article{fds236296,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Yin, Z and Kiekintveld, C and Conitzer, V and Tambe,
M},
Title = {Stackelberg vs. nash in security games: An extended
investigation of interchangeability, equivalence, and
uniqueness},
Journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {297-327},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1076-9757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3269},
Abstract = {There has been significant recent interest in game-theoretic
approaches to security, with much of the recent research
focused on utilizing the leader-follower Stackelberg game
model. Among the major applications are the ARMOR program
deployed at LAX Airport and the IRIS program in use by the
US Federal Air Marshals (FAMS). The foundational assumption
for using Stackelberg games is that security forces
(leaders), acting first, commit to a randomized strategy;
while their adversaries (followers) choose their best
response after surveillance of this randomized strategy.
Yet, in many situations, a leader may face uncertainty about
the follower's surveillance capability. Previous work fails
to address how a leader should compute her strategy given
such uncertainty. We provide five contributions in the
context of a general class of security games. First, we show
that the Nash equilibria in security games are
interchangeable, thus alleviating the equilibrium selection
problem. Second, under a natural restriction on security
games, any Stackelberg strategy is also a Nash equilibrium
strategy; and furthermore, the solution is unique in a class
of security games of which ARMOR is a key exemplar. Third,
when faced with a follower that can attack multiple targets,
many of these properties no longer hold. Fourth, we show
experimentally that in most (but not all) games where the
restriction does not hold, the Stackelberg strategy is still
a Nash equilibrium strategy, but this is no longer true when
the attacker can attack multiple targets. Finally, as a
possible direction for future research, we propose an
extensive-form game model that makes the defender's
uncertainty about the attacker's ability to observe
explicit. © 2011 AI Access Foundation. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1613/jair.3269},
Key = {fds236296}
}
@article{fds236172,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V and Parr, R},
Title = {Solving stackelberg games with uncertain
observability},
Journal = {10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems 2011, AAMAS 2011},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {953-960},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Recent applications of game theory in security domains use
algorithms to solve a Stackelberg model, in which one player
(the leader) first commits to a mixed strategy and then the
other player (the follower) observes that strategy and
best-responds to it. However, in real-world applications, it
is hard to determine whether the follower is actually able
to observe the leader's mixed strategy before acting. In
this paper, we model the uncertainty about whether the
follower is able to observe the leader's strategy as part of
the game (as proposed in the extended version of Yin et al.
[17]). We describe an iterative algorithm for solving these
games. This algorithm alternates between calling a Nash
equilibrium solver and a Stackelberg solver as subroutines.
We prove that the algorithm finds a solution in a finite
number of steps and show empirically that it runs fast on
games of reasonable size. We also discuss other properties
of this methodology based on the experiments. Copyright ©
2011, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236172}
}
@article{fds236173,
Author = {Jain, M and Korzhyk, D and Vaněk, O and Conitzer, V and Pěchouček, M and Tambe, M},
Title = {A double oracle algorithm for zero-sum security games on
graphs},
Journal = {10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems 2011, AAMAS 2011},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {305-312},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In response to the Mumbai attacks of 2008, the Mumbai police
have started to schedule a limited number of inspection
checkpoints on the road network throughout the city.
Algorithms for similar security-related scheduling problems
have been proposed in recent literature, but security
scheduling in networked domains when targets have varying
importance remains an open problem at large. In this paper,
we cast the network security problem as an attacker-
defender zero-sum game. The strategy spaces for both players
are exponentially large, so this requires the development of
novel, scalable techniques. We first show that existing
algorithms for approximate solutions can be arbitrarily bad
in general settings. We present Rugged (Randomization in
Urban Graphs by Generating strategies for Enemy and
Defender), the first scalable optimal solution technique for
such network security games. Our technique is based on a
double oracle approach and thus does not require the
enumeration of the entire strategy space for either of the
players. It scales up to realistic problem sizes, as is
shown by our evaluation of maps of southern Mumbai obtained
from GIS data. Categories and Subject Descriptors 1.2.11
[Artificial Intelligence]: Distributed Artificial
Intelligence General Terms Algorithms, Security,
Performance. Copyright © 2011, International Foundation for
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems.},
Key = {fds236173}
}
@article{fds236285,
Author = {Farfel, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Aggregating value ranges: Preference elicitation and
truthfulness},
Journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {127-150},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1387-2532},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10458-009-9118-5},
Abstract = {We study the case where agents have preferences over ranges
(intervals) of values, and we wish to elicit and aggregate
these preferences. For example, consider a set of
climatologist agents who are asked for their predictions for
the increase in temperature between 2009 and 2100. Each
climatologist submits a range, and from these ranges we must
construct an aggregate range. What rule should we use for
constructing the aggregate range? One issue in such settings
is that an agent (climatologist) may misreport her range to
make the aggregate range coincide more closely with her own
(true) most-preferred range. We extend the theory of
single-peaked preferences from points to ranges to obtain a
rule (the median-of-ranges rule) that is strategy-proof
under a condition on preferences. We then introduce and
analyze a natural class of algorithms for approximately
eliciting a median range from multiple agents. We also show
sufficient conditions under which such an approximate
elicitation algorithm still incentivizes agents to answer
truthfully. Finally, we consider the possibility that ranges
can be refined when the topic is more completely specified
(for example, the increase in temperature on the North Pole
given the failure of future climate pacts). We give a
framework and algorithms for selectively specifying the
topic further based on queries to agents. © 2009 The
Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10458-009-9118-5},
Key = {fds236285}
}
@article{fds236287,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V and Lang, J},
Title = {Strategic sequential voting in multi-issue domains and
multiple-election paradoxes},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {179-188},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1993574.1993602},
Abstract = {In many settings, a group of voters must come to a joint
decision on multiple issues. In practice, this is often done
by voting on the issues in sequence. We model sequential
voting in multi-issue domains as a complete-information
extensive-form game, in which the voters are perfectly
rational and their preferences are common knowledge. In each
step, the voters simultaneously vote on one issue, and the
order of the issues is given exogenously before the process.
We call this model strategic sequential voting. We focus on
domains characterized by multiple binary issues, so that
strategic sequential voting leads to a unique outcome under
a natural solution concept. We show that under some
conditions on the preferences, this leads to the same
outcome as truthful sequential voting, but in general it can
result in very different outcomes. In particular, sometimes
the order of the issues has a strong influence on the
winner. We also analyze the communication complexity of the
corresponding social choice rule. Most significantly, we
illustrate several multiple-election paradoxes in strategic
sequential voting: there exists a profile for which the
winner under strategic sequential voting is ranked nearly at
the bottom in all voters' true preferences, and the winner
is Pareto-dominated by almost every other alternative. We
show that changing the order of the issues cannot completely
prevent such paradoxes. We also study the possibility of
avoiding the paradoxes for strategic sequential voting by
imposing some constraints on the profile, such as
separability, lexicographicity or O-legality. © 2011
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1993574.1993602},
Key = {fds236287}
}
@article{fds236289,
Author = {Zuckerman, M and Faliszewski, P and Conitzer, V and Rosenschein,
JS},
Title = {An NTU cooperative game theoretic view of manipulating
elections},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {7090 LNCS},
Pages = {363-374},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_31},
Abstract = {Social choice theory and cooperative (coalitional) game
theory have become important foundations for the design and
analysis of multiagent systems. In this paper, we use
cooperative game theory tools in order to explore the
coalition formation process in the coalitional manipulation
problem. Unlike earlier work on a cooperative-game-theoretic
approach to the manipulation problem [2], we consider a
model where utilities are not transferable. We investigate
the issue of stability in coalitional manipulation voting
games; we define two notions of the core in these domains,
the α-core and the β-core. For each type of core, we
investigate how hard it is to determine whether a given
candidate is in the core. We prove that for both types of
core, this determination is at least as hard as the
coalitional manipulation problem. On the other hand, we show
that for some voting rules, the α- and the β-core problems
are no harder than the coalitional manipulation problem. We
also show that some prominent voting rules, when applied to
the truthful preferences of voters, may produce an outcome
not in the core, even when the core is not empty. © 2011
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_31},
Key = {fds236289}
}
@article{fds236291,
Author = {Guo, M and Naroditskiy, V and Conitzer, V and Greenwald, A and Jennings,
NR},
Title = {Budget-balanced and nearly efficient randomized mechanisms:
Public goods and beyond},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {7090 LNCS},
Pages = {158-169},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_14},
Abstract = {Many scenarios where participants hold private information
require payments to encourage truthful revelation. Some of
these scenarios have no natural residual claimant who would
absorb the budget surplus or cover the deficit. Faltings [7]
proposed the idea of excluding one agent uniformly at random
and making him the residual claimant. Based on this idea, we
propose two classes of public good mechanisms and derive
optimal ones within each class: Faltings' mechanism is
optimal in one of the classes. We then move on to general
mechanism design settings, where we prove guarantees on the
social welfare achieved by Faltings' mechanism. Finally, we
analyze a modification of the mechanism where budget balance
is achieved without designating any agent as the residual
claimant. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_14},
Key = {fds236291}
}
@article{fds325612,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {AI and Economic Theory},
Journal = {IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-7},
Publisher = {IEEE COMPUTER SOC},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325612}
}
@article{fds236292,
Author = {Bhattacharya, S and Conitzer, V and Munagala, K},
Title = {Approximation algorithm for security games with costly
resources},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {7090 LNCS},
Pages = {13-24},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783642255090},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_2},
Abstract = {In recent years, algorithms for computing game-theoretic
solutions have been developed for real-world security
domains. These games are between a defender, who must
allocate her resources to defend potential targets, and an
attacker, who chooses a target to attack. Existing work has
assumed the set of defender's resources to be fixed. This
assumption precludes the effective use of approximation
algorithms, since a slight change in the defender's
allocation strategy can result in a massive change in her
utility. In contrast, we consider a model where resources
are obtained at a cost, initiating the study of the
following optimization problem: Minimize the total cost of
the purchased resources, given that every target has to be
defended with at least a certain probability. We give an
efficient logarithmic approximation algorithm for this
problem. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-25510-6_2},
Key = {fds236292}
}
@article{fds325611,
Author = {Jain, M and Korzhyk, D and Vanek, O and Conitzer, V and Pechoucek, M and Tambe, M},
Title = {A double oracle algorithm for zero-sum security games on
graphs.},
Journal = {AAMAS},
Pages = {327-334},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Sonenberg, L and Stone, P and Tumer, K and Yolum,
P},
Year = {2011},
ISBN = {978-0-9826571-5-7},
Key = {fds325611}
}
@article{fds236280,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Strategy-proof voting rules over multi-issue domains with
restricted preferences},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {6484 LNCS},
Pages = {402-414},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17572-5_33},
Abstract = {In this paper, we characterize strategy-proof voting rules
when the set of alternatives has a multi-issue structure,
and the voters' preferences are represented by acyclic
CP-nets that follow a common order over issues. Our main
result is a simple full characterization of strategy-proof
voting rules satisfying non-imposition for a very natural
restriction on preferences in multi-issue domains: we show
that if the preference domain is lexicographic, then a
voting rule satisfying non-imposition is strategy-proof if
and only if it can be decomposed into multiple
strategy-proof local rules, one for each issue and each
setting of the issues preceding it. We also obtain the
following variant of Gibbard-Satterthwaite: when there are
at least two issues and each of the issues can take at least
two values, then there is no non-dictatorial strategy-proof
voting rule that satisfies non-imposition, even when the
domain of voters' preferences is restricted to linear orders
that are consistent with acyclic CP-nets following a common
order over issues. This impossibility result follows from
either one of two more general new impossibility results we
obtained, which are not included in this paper due to the
space constraint. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-17572-5_33},
Key = {fds236280}
}
@article{fds236279,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Immorlica, N and Letchford, J and Munagala, K and Wagman, L},
Title = {False-name-proofness in social networks},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {6484 LNCS},
Pages = {209-221},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9783642175718},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17572-5_17},
Abstract = {In mechanism design, the goal is to create rules for making
a decision based on the preferences of multiple parties
(agents), while taking into account that agents may behave
strategically. An emerging phenomenon is to run such
mechanisms on a social network; for example, Facebook
recently allowed its users to vote on its future terms of
use. One significant complication for such mechanisms is
that it may be possible for a user to participate multiple
times by creating multiple identities. Prior work has
investigated the design of false-name-proof mechanisms,
which guarantee that there is no incentive to use additional
identifiers. Arguably, this work has produced mostly
negative results. In this paper, we show that it is in fact
possible to create good mechanisms that are robust to
false-name-manipulation, by taking the social network
structure into account. The basic idea is to exclude agents
that are separated from trusted nodes by small vertex cuts.
We provide key results on the correctness, optimality, and
computational tractability of this approach. © 2010
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-17572-5_17},
Key = {fds236279}
}
@article{fds236272,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V and Procaccia, AD},
Title = {A scheduling approach to coalitional manipulation},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {275-284},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1807342.1807386},
Abstract = {The coalitional manipulation problem is one of the central
problems in computational social choice. In this paper, we
focus on solving the problem under the important family of
positional scoring rules, in an approximate sense that was
advocated by Zuckerman et al. [SODA 2008, AIJ 2009]. Our
main result is a polynomial-time algorithm with (roughly
speaking) the following theoretical guarantee: given a
manipulable instance with m alternatives, the algorithm
finds a successful manipulation with at most m - 2
additional manipulators. Our technique is based on a
reduction to the scheduling problem known as Q|pmtn|Cmax,
along with a novel rounding procedure. We demonstrate that
our analysis is tight by establishing a new type of
integrality gap. We also resolve a known open question in
computational social choice by showing that the coalitional
manipulation problem remains (strongly) NP-complete for
positional scoring rules even when votes are unweighted.
Finally, we discuss the implications of our results with
respect to the question: "Is there a prominent voting rule
that is usually hard to manipulate?" Copyright 2010
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1807342.1807386},
Key = {fds236272}
}
@article{fds236273,
Author = {Letchford, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing optimal strategies to commit to in extensive-form
games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {83-92},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1807342.1807354},
Abstract = {Computing optimal strategies to commit to in general
normal-form or Bayesian games is a topic that has recently
been gaining attention, in part due to the application of
such algorithms in various security and law enforcement
scenarios. In this paper, we extend this line of work to the
more general case of commitment in extensive-form games. We
show that in some cases, the optimal strategy can be
computed in polynomial time; in others, computing it is
NP-hard. © 2010 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1807342.1807354},
Key = {fds236273}
}
@article{fds375198,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V and Parr, R},
Title = {Complexity of Computing Optimal Stackelberg Strategies in
Security Resource Allocation Games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2010},
Pages = {805-810},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781577354642},
Abstract = {Recently, algorithms for computing game-theoretic solutions
have been deployed in real-world security applications, such
as the placement of checkpoints and canine units at Los
Angeles International Airport. These algorithms assume that
the defender (security personnel) can commit to a mixed
strategy, a so-called Stackelberg model. As pointed out by
Kiekintveld et al. (2009), in these applications, generally,
multiple resources need to be assigned to multiple targets,
resulting in an exponential number of pure strategies for
the defender. In this paper, we study how to compute optimal
Stackelberg strategies in such games, showing that this can
be done in polynomial time in some cases, and is NP-hard in
others.},
Key = {fds375198}
}
@article{fds375199,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Stackelberg Voting Games: Computational Aspects and
Paradoxes},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2010},
Pages = {921-926},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781577354642},
Abstract = {We consider settings in which voters vote in sequence, each
voter knows the votes of the earlier voters and the
preferences of the later voters, and voters are strategic.
This can be modeled as an extensive-form game of perfect
information, which we call a Stackelberg voting game. We
first propose a dynamic-programming algorithm for finding
the backward-induction outcome for any Stackelberg voting
game when the rule is anonymous; this algorithm is efficient
if the number of alternatives is no more than a constant. We
show how to use compilation functions to further reduce the
time and space requirements. Our main theoretical results
are paradoxes for the backward-induction outcomes of
Stackelberg voting games. We show that for any n ≥ 5 and
any voting rule that satisfies non-imposition and with a low
domination index, there exists a profile consisting of n
voters, such that the backward-induction outcome is ranked
somewhere in the bottom two positions in almost every
voter's preferences. Moreover, this outcome loses all but
one of its pairwise elections. Furthermore, we show that
many common voting rules have a very low (= 1) domination
index, including all majority-consistent voting rules. For
the plurality and nomination rules, we show even stronger
paradoxes. Finally, using our dynamic-programming algorithm,
we run simulations to compare the backward-induction outcome
of the Stackelberg voting game to the winner when voters
vote truthfully, for the plurality and veto rules.
Surprisingly, our experimental results suggest that on
average, more voters prefer the backward-induction
outcome.},
Key = {fds375199}
}
@article{fds375200,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computationally Feasible Automated Mechanism Design: General
Approach and Case Studies},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2010},
Pages = {1676-1679},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781577354642},
Abstract = {In many multiagent settings, a decision must be made based
on the preferences of multiple agents, and agents may lie
about their preferences if this is to their benefit. In
mechanism design, the goal is to design procedures
(mechanisms) for making the decision that work in spite of
such strategic behavior, usually by making untruthful
behavior suboptimal. In automated mechanism design, the idea
is to computationally search through the space of feasible
mechanisms, rather than to design them analytically by hand.
Unfortunately, the most straightforward approach to
automated mechanism design does not scale to large
instances, because it requires searching over a very large
space of possible functions. In this paper, we describe an
approach to automated mechanism design that is
computationally feasible. Instead of optimizing over all
feasible mechanisms, we carefully choose a parameterized
subfamily of mechanisms. Then we optimize over mechanisms
within this family, and analyze whether and to what extent
the resulting mechanism is suboptimal outside the subfamily.
We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach with two case
studies.},
Key = {fds375200}
}
@article{fds375201,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Compilation Complexity of Common Voting Rules},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, AAAI 2010},
Pages = {915-920},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781577354642},
Abstract = {In computational social choice, one important problem is to
take the votes of a subelectorate (subset of the voters),
and summarize them using a small number of bits. This needs
to be done in such a way that, if all that we know is the
summary, as well as the votes of voters outside the
subelectorate, we can conclude which of the m alternatives
wins. This corresponds to the notion of compilation
complexity, the minimum number of bits required to summarize
the votes for a particular rule, which was introduced by
Chevaleyre et al. [IJCAI-09]. We study three different types
of compilation complexity. The first, studied by Chevaleyre
et al., depends on the size of the subelectorate but not on
the size of the complement (the voters outside the
subelectorate). The second depends on the size of the
complement but not on the size of the subelectorate. The
third depends on both. We first investigate the relations
among the three types of compilation complexity. Then, we
give upper and lower bounds on all three types of
compilation complexity for the most prominent voting rules.
We show that for l-approval (when l ≤ m/2), Borda, and
Bucklin, the bounds for all three types are asymptotically
tight, up to a multiplicative constant; for l-approval (when
l > m/2), plurality with runoff, all Condorcet consistent
rules that are based on unweighted majority graphs
(including Copeland and voting trees), and all Condorcet
consistent rules that are based on the order of pairwise
elections (including ranked pairs and maximin), the bounds
for all three types are asymptotically tight up to a
multiplicative constant when the sizes of the subelectorate
and its complement are both larger than m1+є for some є >
0.},
Key = {fds375201}
}
@article{fds325613,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-2},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1980534.1980543},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Solutions should be sent to the editor at
conitzer@cs.duke.edu with subject header <jats:bold>SIGecom
Exchanges Puzzle</jats:bold> . The author(s) of the most
elegant solution (as judged by the editor) will be allowed
to publish his or her or their proof in the next issue of
the Exchanges (ties broken towards earlier submissions). To
make the solution accessible to a wide audience, try to
minimize technical jargon in the proof. Until the winner is
chosen, the editor will not give any feedback on submitted
solutions and ignore any requests for hints,
<jats:italic>etc</jats:italic> . </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1145/1980534.1980543},
Key = {fds325613}
}
@article{fds236281,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Optimal-in-expectation redistribution mechanisms},
Journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {174},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {363-381},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0004-3702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2009.12.003},
Abstract = {Many important problems in multiagent systems involve the
allocation of multiple resources among the agents. If agents
are self-interested, they will lie about their valuations
for the resources if they perceive this to be in their
interest. The well-known VCG mechanism allocates the items
efficiently, is strategy-proof (agents have no incentive to
lie), and never runs a deficit. Nevertheless, the agents may
have to make large payments to a party outside the system of
agents, leading to decreased utility for the agents. Recent
work has investigated the possibility of redistributing some
of the payments back to the agents, without violating the
other desirable properties of the VCG mechanism. Previous
research on redistribution mechanisms has resulted in a
worst-case optimal redistribution mechanism, that is, a
mechanism that maximizes the fraction of VCG payments
redistributed in the worst case. In contrast, in this paper,
we assume that a prior distribution over the agents'
valuations is available, and our goal is to maximize the
expected total redistribution. In the first part of this
paper, we study multi-unit auctions with unit demand. We
analytically solve for a mechanism that is optimal among
linear redistribution mechanisms. We also propose
discretized redistribution mechanisms. We show how to
automatically solve for the optimal discretized
redistribution mechanism for a given discretization step
size, and show that the resulting mechanisms converge to
optimality as the step size goes to zero. We present
experimental results showing that for auctions with many
bidders, the optimal linear redistribution mechanism
redistributes almost everything, whereas for auctions with
few bidders, we can solve for the optimal discretized
redistribution mechanism with a very small step size. In the
second part of this paper, we study multi-unit auctions with
nonincreasing marginal values. We extend the notion of
linear redistribution mechanisms, previously defined only in
the unit demand setting, to this more general setting. We
introduce a linear program for finding the optimal linear
redistribution mechanism. This linear program is unwieldy,
so we also introduce one simplified linear program that
produces relatively good linear redistribution mechanisms.
We conjecture an analytical solution for the simplified
linear program. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2009.12.003},
Key = {fds236281}
}
@article{fds236284,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Comparing multiagent systems research in combinatorial
auctions and voting},
Journal = {Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {239-259},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1012-2443},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10472-010-9205-y},
Abstract = {In a combinatorial auction, a set of items is for sale, and
agents can bid on subsets of these items. In a voting
setting, the agents decide among a set of alternatives by
having each agent rank all the alternatives. Many of the key
research issues in these two domains are similar. The aim of
this paper is to give a convenient side-by-side comparison
that will clarify the relation between the domains, and
serve as a guide to future research. © 2010 Springer
Science+Business Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10472-010-9205-y},
Key = {fds236284}
}
@article{fds236282,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Making decisions based on the preferences of multiple
agents},
Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {84-94},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0001-0782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1666420.1666442},
Abstract = {Computer scientists have made great strides in how
decision-making mechanisms are used. © 2010
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1666420.1666442},
Key = {fds236282}
}
@article{fds236274,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Using a memory test to limit a user to one
account},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing},
Volume = {44 LNBIP},
Pages = {60-72},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1865-1348},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15237-5_5},
Abstract = {In many Web-based applications, there are incentives for a
user to sign up for more than one account, under false
names. By doing so, the user can send spam e-mail from an
account (which will eventually cause the account to be shut
down); distort online ratings by rating multiple times (in
particular, she can inflate her own reputation ratings);
indefinitely continue using a product with a free trial
period; place shill bids on items that she is selling on an
auction site; engage in false-name bidding in combinatorial
auctions; etc. All of these behaviors are highly undesirable
from the perspective of system performance. While CAPTCHAs
can prevent a bot from automatically signing up for many
accounts, they do not prevent a human from signing up for
multiple accounts. It may appear that the only way to
prevent the latter is to require the user to provide
information that identifies her in the real world (such as a
credit card or telephone number), but users are reluctant to
give out such information. In this paper, we propose an
alternative approach. We investigate whether it is possible
to design an automated test that is easy to pass once, but
difficult to pass a second time. Specifically, we design a
memory test. In our test, items are randomly associated with
colors ("Cars are green."). The user first observes all of
these associations, and is then asked to recall the colors
of the items ("Cars are...?"). The items are the same across
iterations of the test, but the colors are randomly redrawn
each time ("Cars are blue."). Therefore, a user who has
taken the test before will occasionally accidentally respond
with the association from the previous time that she took
the test ("Cars are...? Green!"). If there is significant
correlation between the user's answers and the correct
answers from a previous iteration of the test, then the
system can decide that the user is probably the same, and
refuse to grant another account. We present and analyze the
results of a small study with human subjects. We also give a
game-theoretic analysis. In the appendix, we propose an
alternative test and present the results of a small study
with human subjects for that test (however, the results for
that test are quite negative). © 2010 Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-15237-5_5},
Key = {fds236274}
}
@article{fds236275,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Compilation complexity of common voting rules},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {915-920},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In computational social choice, one important problem is to
take the votes of a subelectorate (subset of the voters),
and summarize them using a small number of bits. This needs
to be done in such a way that, if all that we know is the
summary, as well as the votes of voters outside the
subelectorate, we can conclude which of the m alternatives
wins. This corresponds to the notion of compilation
complexity, the minimum number of bits required to summarize
the votes for a particular rule, which was introduced by
Chevaleyre et al. [1JCA1-09]. We study three different types
of compilation complexity. The first, studied by Chevaleyre
et al., depends on the size of the subelectorate but not on
the size of the complement (the voters outside the
subelectorate). The second depends on the size of the
complement but not on the size of the subelectorate. The
third depends on both. We first investigate the relations
among the three types of compilation complexity. Then, we
give upper and lower bounds on all three types of
compilation complexity for the most prominent voting rules.
We show that for l-approval (when l ≤ m/2), Borda, and
Bucklin, the bounds for all three types are asymptotically
tight, up to a multiplicative constant; for l-approval (when
l > m/2), plurality with runoff, all Condorcet consistent
rules that are based on unweighted majority graphs
(including Copeland and voting trees), and all Condorcet
consistent rules that are based on the order of pairwise
elections (including ranked pairs and maximin), the bounds
for all three types are asymptotically tight up to a
multiplicative constant when the sizes of the subelectorate
and its complement are both larger than m 1+ε for some ε >
0. Copyright © 2010, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236275}
}
@article{fds236276,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Stackelberg voting games: Computational aspects and
paradoxes},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {921-926},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We consider settings in which voters vote in sequence, each
voter knows the votes of the earlier voters and the
preferences of the later voters, and voters are strategic.
This can be modeled as an extensive-form game of perfect
information, which we call a Stackelberg voting game. We
first propose a dynamic-programming algorithm for finding
the backward-induction outcome for any Stackelberg voting
game when the rule is anonymous; this algorithm is efficient
if the number of alternatives is no more than a constant. We
show how to use compilation functions to further reduce the
time and space requirements. Our main theoretical results
are paradoxes for the backward-induction outcomes of
Stackelberg voting games. We show that for any n ≥ 5 and
any voting rule that satisfies non-imposition and with a low
domination index, there exists a profile consisting of n
voters, such that the backward-induction outcome is ranked
somewhere in the bottom two positions in almost every
voter's preferences. Moreover, this outcome loses all but
one of its pairwise elections. Furthermore, we show that
many common voting rules have a very low (- 1) domination
index, including all majority-consistent voting rules. For
the plurality and nomination rules, we show even stronger
paradoxes. Finally, using our dynamic-programming algorithm,
we run simulations to compare the backward-induction outcome
of the Stackelberg voting game to the winner when voters
vote truthfully, for the plurality and veto rules.
Surprisingly, our experimental results suggest that on
average, more voters prefer the backward-induction outcome.
Copyright © 2010, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236276}
}
@article{fds236277,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computationally feasible automated mechanism design: General
approach and case studies},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1676-1679},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In many multiagent settings, a decision must be made based
on the preferences of multiple agents, and agents may lie
about their preferences if this is to their benefit. In
mechanism design, the goal is to design procedures
(mechanisms) for making the decision that work in spite of
such strategic behavior, usually by making untruthful
behavior suboptimal. In automated mechanism design, the idea
is to computationally search through the space of feasible
mechanisms, rather than to design them analytically by hand.
Unfortunately, the most straightforward approach to
automated mechanism de sign does not scale to large
instances, because it requires searching over a very large
space of possible functions. In this paper, we describe an
approach to automated mechanism design that is
computationally feasible. Instead of optimizing over all
feasible mechanisms, we carefully choose a parameterized
subfamily of mechanisms. Then we optimize over mechanisms
within this family, and analyze whether and to what extent
the resulting mechanism is suboptimal outside the subfamily.
We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach with two case
studies. Copyright © 2010, Association for the Advancement
of Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236277}
}
@article{fds236278,
Author = {Korzhyk, D and Conitzer, V and Parr, R},
Title = {Complexity of computing optimal Stackelberg strategies in
security resource allocation games},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {805-810},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Recently, algorithms for computing game-theoretic solutions
have been deployed in real-world security applications, such
as the placement of checkpoints and canine units at Los
Angeles International Airport. These algorithms assume that
the defender (security personnel) can commit to a mixed
strategy, a so-called Stackelberg model. As pointed out by
Kiek-intveld et al. (2009), in these applications,
generally, multiple resources need to be assigned to
multiple targets, resulting in an exponential number of pure
strategies for the defender. In this paper, we study how to
compute optimal Stackelberg strategies in such games,
showing that this can be done in polynomial time in some
cases, and is NP-hard in others. Copyright © 2010,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236278}
}
@article{fds236283,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Yokoo, M},
Title = {Using mechanism design to prevent false-name
manipulations},
Journal = {AI Magazine},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {65-77},
Publisher = {Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
(AAAI)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0738-4602},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v31i4.2315},
Abstract = {Mechanism design, which is based on game theory, concerns
the study of how to design mechanisms that result in good
outcomes even when the agents act strategically. The issue
of false-name manipulation can be addressed using techniques
from mechanism design. The difficulty of designing a good
false-name-proof voting rule should be apparent. One may
conjecture that votes are necessarily entirely meaningless
in this context, and that one might as well choose the
winning alternative randomly without regard to the votes. A
nontrivial false-name-proof mechanism called the Minimal
Bundle (MB) mechanism can be thought of as an improved
version of the Set mechanism. An auction mechanism consists
of an allocation rule and a payment rule. The assumption
that a manipulator can obtain an unlimited number of
identifiers at no cost is not realistic. A simple way of
addressing the issue of false-name manipulation is to verify
that all the identifiers correspond to real agents in the
real world.},
Doi = {10.1609/aimag.v31i4.2315},
Key = {fds236283}
}
@article{fds236186,
Author = {Iwasaki, A and Conitzer, V and Omori, Y and Sakurai, Y and Todo, T and Guo,
M and Yokoo, M},
Title = {Worst-case efficiency ratio in false-name-proof
combinatorial auction mechanisms},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {633-640},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Hoek, WVD and Kaminka, GA and Lespérance, Y and Luck, M and Sen,
S},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781617387715},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/atal/aamas2010.html},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes the worst-case efficiency ratio of
false-name-proof combinatorial auction mechanisms.
False-name-proofness generalizes strategy-proofness by
assuming that a bidder can submit multiple bids under
fictitious identifiers. Even the well-known
Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism is not false-name-proof. It
has previously been shown that there is no false-name-proof
mechanism that always achieves a Pareto efficient
allocation. Consequently, if false-name bids are possible,
we need to sacrifice efficiency to some extent. This leaves
the natural question of how much surplus must be sacrificed.
To answer this question, this paper focuses on worst-case
analysis. Specifically, we consider the fraction of the
Pareto efficient surplus that, we obtain and try to maximize
this fraction in the worst-case, under the constraint of
false-name-proofness. As far as we are aware, this is the
first attempt to examine the worst-case efficiency of
false-name-proof mechanisms. We show that the worst-case
efficiency ratio of any false-name-proof mechanism that
satisfies some apparently minor assumptions is at most 2/(m
+1) for auctions with m different goods. We also observe
that the worst-case efficiency ratio of existing
false-name-proof mechanisms is generally 1/m or 0. Finally,
we propose a novel mechanism, called the adaptive reserve
price mechanism that is falso-nanic-proof when all bidders
are single-minded. The worst-case efficiency ratio is 2/(m +
1), i.e., optimal. Copyright © 2010, International
Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
(www.ifaamas.org). All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1145/1838206.1838289},
Key = {fds236186}
}
@article{fds236187,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V and Lang, J},
Title = {Aggregating preferences in multi-issue domains by using
maximum likelihood estimators},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {399-406},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Hoek, WVD and Kaminka, GA and Lespérance, Y and Luck, M and Sen,
S},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781617387715},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/atal/aamas2010.html},
Abstract = {In this paper, we study a maximum likelihood estimation
(MLE) approach to voting when the set of alternatives has a
multi-issue structure, and the voters' preferences are
represented by CP-nets. We first consider general
multi-issue domains, and study whether and how
issue-by-issue voting rules and sequential voting rules can
be represented by MLEs. We first show that issue-by-issue
voting rules in which each local rule is itself an MLE
(resp. a candidate scoring rule) can be represented by MLEs
with a weak (resp. strong) decomposability property. Then,
we prove two theorems that state that if the noise model
satisfies a very weak decomposability property, then no
sequential voting rule that satisfies unanimity can be
represented by an MLE, unless the number of voters is
bounded. We then consider multi-issue domains in which each
issue is binary; for these, we propose a general family of
distance-based noise models, of which give an axiomatic
characterization. We then propose a more specific family of
natural distance-based noise models that are parameterized
by a threshold. We identify the complexity of winner
determination for the corresponding MLE voting rule in the
two most important subcases of this framework. Copyright ©
2010, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1145/1838206.1838262},
Key = {fds236187}
}
@article{fds236188,
Author = {Yin, Z and Korzhyk, D and Kiekintveld, C and Conitzer, V and Tambe,
M},
Title = {Stackelberg vs. Nash in security games: Interchangeability,
equivalence, and uniqueness},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1139-1146},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Hoek, WVD and Kaminka, GA and Lespérance, Y and Luck, M and Sen,
S},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781617387715},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/atal/aamas2010.html},
Abstract = {There has been significant recent interest in game theoretic
approaches to security, with much of the recent research
focused on utilizing the leader-follower Stackelberg game
model; for example, these games are at the heart of major
applications such as the ARMOR program deployed for security
at the LAX airport since 2007 and the IRIS program in use by
the US Federal Air Marshals (FAMS). The foundational
assumption for using Stackelberg games is that security
forces (leaders), acting first, commit to a randomized
strategy; while their adversaries (followers) choose their
best response after surveillance of this randomized
strategy. Yet, in many situations, the followers may act
without observation of the leader's strategy, essentially
converting the game into a simultaneous-move game model.
Previous work fails to address how a leader should compute
her strategy given this fundamental uncertainty about the
type of game faced. Focusing on the complex games that are
directly inspired by real-world security applications, the
paper provides four contributions in the context of a
general class of security games. First, exploiting the
structure of these security games, the paper shows that the
Nash equilibria in security games are interchangeable, thus
alleviating the equilibrium selection problem. Second,
resolving the leader's dilemma, it shows that under a
natural restriction on security games, any Stackelberg
strategy is also a Nash equilibrium strategy; and
furthermore, the solution is unique in a class of real-world
security games of which ARMOR is a key exemplar. Third, when
faced with a follower that can attack multiple targets, many
of these properties no longer hold. Fourth, our experimental
results emphasize positive properties of games that do not
fit our restrictions. Our contributions have major
implications for the real-world applications. Copyright ©
2010, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1145/1838206.1838360},
Key = {fds236188}
}
@article{fds236191,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Strategy-proof allocation of multiple items between two
agents without payments or priors},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {881-888},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Hoek, WVD and Kaminka, GA and Lespérance, Y and Luck, M and Sen,
S},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781617387715},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/atal/aamas2010.html},
Abstract = {We investigate the problem of allocating items (private
goods) among competing agents in a setting that is both
prior-free and payment-free. Specificall, we focus on
allocating multiple heterogeneous items between two agents
with additive valuation functions. Our objective is to
design strategy-proof mechanisms that are competitive
against the most efficien (first-best allocation. We
introduce the family of linear increasing-price (LIP)
mechanisms. The LIP mechanisms are strategy-proof,
prior-free, and payment-free, and they are exactly the
increasing-price mechanisms satisfying a strong
responsiveness property. We show how to solve for
competitive mechanisms within the LIP family. For the case
of two items, we fin a LIP mechanism whose competitive ratio
is near optimal (the achieved competitive ratio is 0.828,
while any strategy-proof mechanism is at most
0.841-competitive). As the number of items goes to infinit,
we prove a negative result that any increasing-price
mechanism (linear or nonlinear) has a maximal competitive
ratio of 0.5. Our results imply that in some cases, it is
possible to design good allocation mechanisms without
payments and without priors. Copyright © 2010,
International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and
Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1145/1838206.1838324},
Key = {fds236191}
}
@article{fds236271,
Author = {Bhattacharya, S and Conitzer, V and Munagala, K and Xia,
L},
Title = {Incentive compatible budget elicitation in multi-unit
auctions},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete
Algorithms},
Pages = {554-572},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780898717013},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611973075.47},
Abstract = {In this paper, we consider the problem of designing
incentive compatible auctions for multiple (homogeneous)
units of a good, when bidders have private valuations and
private budget constraints. When only the valuations are
private and the budgets are public, Dobzinski et al [8] show
that the adaptive clinching auction is the unique
incentive-compatible auction achieving Pareto-optimality.
They further show that this auction is not truthful with
private budgets, so that there is no deterministic
Pareto-optimal auction with private budgets. Our main
contribution is to show the following Budget Monotonicity
property of this auction: When there is only one infinitely
divisible good, a bidder cannot improve her utility by
reporting a budget smaller than the truth. This implies that
the adaptive clinching auction is incentive compatible when
over-reporting the budget is not possible (for instance,
when funds must be shown upfront). We can also make
reporting larger budgets suboptimal with a small randomized
modification to the auction. In either case, this makes the
modified auction Pareto-optimal with private budgets. We
also show that the Budget Monotonicity property does not
hold for auctioning indivisible units of the good, showing a
sharp contrast between the divisible and indivisible cases.
The Budget Monotonicity property also implies other improved
results in this context. For revenue maximization, the same
auction improves the best-known competitive ratio due to
Abrams [1] by a factor of 4, and asymptotically approaches
the performance of the optimal single-price auction.
Finally, we consider the problem of revenue maximization (or
social welfare) in a Bayesian setting. We allow the bidders
have public size constraints (on the amount of good they are
willing to buy) in addition to private budget constraints.
We show a simple poly-time computable 5.83-approximation to
the optimal Bayesian incentive compatible mechanism, that is
implementable in dominant strategies. Our technique again
crucially needs the ability to prevent bidders from
over-reporting budgets via randomization. We show the
approximation result via designing a rounding scheme for an
LP relaxation of the problem, which may be of independent
interest. Copyright © by SIAM.},
Doi = {10.1137/1.9781611973075.47},
Key = {fds236271}
}
@article{fds375202,
Author = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, JF and Zwicker, WS},
Title = {Computational Foundations of Social Choice - Dagstuhl
Seminar -},
Journal = {Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings},
Volume = {10101},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This seminar addressed some of the key issues in
computational social choice, a novel interdisciplinary eld
of study at the interface of social choice theory and
computer science. Computational social choice is concerned
with the application of computational techniques to the
study of social choice mechanisms, such as voting rules and
fair division protocols, as well as with the integration of
social choice paradigms into computing. The seminar brought
together many of the most active researchers in the eld and
focussed the research community currently forming around
these important and exciting topics.},
Key = {fds375202}
}
@article{fds325616,
Title = {Computational Foundations of Social Choice, 07.03. -
12.03.2010},
Journal = {Computational Foundations of Social Choice},
Volume = {10101},
Publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
Germany},
Editor = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, J-F and Zwicker, WS},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds325616}
}
@article{fds325617,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {False-name-proofness with bid withdrawal.},
Journal = {AAMAS},
Pages = {1475-1476},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Hoek, WVD and Kaminka, GA and Lespérance, Y and Luck, M and Sen,
S},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {978-0-9826571-1-9},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1838206.1838439},
Doi = {10.1145/1838206.1838439},
Key = {fds325617}
}
@article{fds325618,
Author = {Bhattacharya, S and Conitzer, V and Munagala, K and Xia,
L},
Title = {Incentive Compatible Budget Elicitation in Multi-unit
Auctions.},
Journal = {SODA},
Pages = {554-572},
Publisher = {SIAM},
Editor = {Charikar, M},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {978-0-89871-701-3},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611973075.47},
Doi = {10.1137/1.9781611973075.47},
Key = {fds325618}
}
@article{fds325614,
Author = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, J-F and Zwicker, WS},
Title = {10101 Abstracts Collection - Computational Foundations of
Social Choice.},
Journal = {Computational Foundations of Social Choice},
Volume = {10101},
Publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
Germany},
Editor = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, J-F and Zwicker, WS},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds325614}
}
@article{fds325615,
Author = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, J-F and Zwicker, WS},
Title = {10101 Executive Summary - Computational Foundations of
Social Choice.},
Journal = {Computational Foundations of Social Choice},
Volume = {10101},
Publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
Germany},
Editor = {Brandt, F and Conitzer, V and Hemaspaandra, LA and Laslier, J-F and Zwicker, WS},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds325615}
}
@article{fds236257,
Author = {Letchford, J and Conitzer, V and Munagala, K},
Title = {Learning and approximating the optimal strategy to commit
to},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5814 LNCS},
Pages = {250-262},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9783642046445},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04645-2_23},
Abstract = {Computing optimal Stackelberg strategies in general
two-player Bayesian games (not to be confused with
Stackelberg strategies in routing games) is a topic that has
recently been gaining attention, due to their application in
various security and law enforcement scenarios. Earlier
results consider the computation of optimal Stackelberg
strategies, given that all the payoffs and the prior
distribution over types are known. We extend these results
in two different ways. First, we consider learning optimal
Stackelberg strategies. Our results here are mostly
positive. Second, we consider computing approximately
optimal Stackelberg strategies. Our results here are mostly
negative. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-04645-2_23},
Key = {fds236257}
}
@article{fds236258,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V and Reeves, DM},
Title = {Competitive repeated allocation without payments},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5929 LNCS},
Pages = {244-255},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10841-9_23},
Abstract = {We study the problem of allocating a single item repeatedly
among multiple competing agents, in an environment where
monetary transfers are not possible. We design (Bayes-Nash)
incentive compatible mechanisms that do not rely on
payments, with the goal of maximizing expected social
welfare. We first focus on the case of two agents. We
introduce an artificial payment system, which enables us to
construct repeated allocation mechanisms without payments
based on one-shot allocation mechanisms with payments. Under
certain restrictions on the discount factor, we propose
several repeated allocation mechanisms based on artificial
payments. For the simple model in which the agents'
valuations are either high or low, the mechanism we propose
is 0.94-competitive against the optimal allocation mechanism
with payments. For the general case of any prior
distribution, the mechanism we propose is 0.85-competitive.
We generalize the mechanism to cases of three or more
agents. For any number of agents, the mechanism we obtain is
at least 0.75-competitive. The obtained competitive ratios
imply that for repeated allocation, artificial payments may
be used to replace real monetary payments, without incurring
too much loss in social welfare. © 2009 Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-10841-9_23},
Key = {fds236258}
}
@article{fds236259,
Author = {Ohta, N and Sato, Y and Iwasaki, A and Yokoo, M and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {Anonymity-proof shapley value: Compact and computationally
efficient solution concept for coalitional games in open
anonymous environment},
Journal = {Computer Software},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {181-196},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0289-6540},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is an important capability for automated
negotiation among self-interested agents. In order for
coalitions to be stable, a key question that must be
answered is how the gains from cooperation are to be
distributed. Coalitional game theory provides a number of
solution concepts for this. However, recent research has
revealed that these traditional solution concepts are
vulnerable to various manipulations in open anonymous
environments such as the Internet. To address this, previous
work has developed a solution concept called the
anonymity-proof core, which is robust against such
manipulations. That work also developed a method for
compactly representing the anonymity-proof core. However,
the required computational and representational costs are
still huge. In this paper, we develop a new solution concept
which we call the anonymity-proof Shapley value. We show
that the anonymity-proof Shapley value is characterized by
certain simple axiomatic conditions, always exists, and is
uniquely determined. The computational and representational
costs of the anonymity-proof Shapley value are drastically
smaller than those of existing anonymity-proof solution
concepts.},
Key = {fds236259}
}
@article{fds236260,
Author = {Shi, P and Conitzer, V and Guo, M},
Title = {Prediction mechanisms that do not incentivize undesirable
actions},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5929 LNCS},
Pages = {89-100},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10841-9_10},
Abstract = {A potential downside of prediction markets is that they may
incentivize agents to take undesirable actions in the real
world. For example, a prediction market for whether a
terrorist attack will happen may incentivize terrorism, and
an in-house prediction market for whether a product will be
successfully released may incentivize sabotage. In this
paper, we study principal-aligned prediction
mechanisms-mechanisms that do not incentivize undesirable
actions. We characterize all principal-aligned proper
scoring rules, and we show an "overpayment" result, which
roughly states that with n agents, any prediction mechanism
that is principal-aligned will, in the worst case, require
the principal to pay Θ(n) times as much as a mechanism that
is not. We extend our model to allow uncertainties about the
principal's utility and restrictions on agents' actions,
showing a richer characterization and a similar
"overpayment" result. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-10841-9_10},
Key = {fds236260}
}
@article{fds236261,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Approximation guarantees for fictitious play},
Journal = {2009 47th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication,
Control, and Computing, Allerton 2009},
Pages = {636-643},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ALLERTON.2009.5394918},
Abstract = {Fictitious play is a simple, well-known, and often-used
algorithm for playing (and, especially, learning to play)
games. However, in general it does not converge to
equilibrium; even when it does, we may not be able to run it
to convergence. Still, we may obtain an approximate
equilibrium. In this paper, we study the approximation
properties that fictitious play obtains when it is run for a
limited number of rounds. We show that if both players
randomize uniformly over their actions in the first r rounds
of fictitious play, then the result is an ∈-equilibrium,
where ∈ = (r + 1)/(2r). (Since we are examining only a
constant number of pure strategies, we know that ∈ < 1/2
is impossible, due to a result of Feder et al.) We show that
this bound is tight in the worst case; however, with an
experiment on random games, we illustrate that fictitious
play usually obtains a much better approximation. We then
consider the possibility that the players fail to choose the
same r. We show how to obtain the optimal approximation
guarantee when both the opponent's r and the game are
adversarially chosen (but there is an upper bound R on the
opponent's r), using a linear program formulation. We show
that if the action played in the ith round of fictitious
play is chosen with probability proportional to: 1 for i = 1
and 1/(i-1) for all 2 ≤ i ≤ R+1, this gives an
approximation guarantee of 1-1/(2+lnR). We also obtain a
lower bound of 1 - 4/ ln R. This provides an actionable
prescription for how long to run fictitious play. ©2009
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/ALLERTON.2009.5394918},
Key = {fds236261}
}
@article{fds236262,
Author = {Harrenstein, BP and De Weerdt and MM and Conitzer,
V},
Title = {A qualitative Vickrey auction},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {197-206},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1566374.1566403},
Abstract = {Restricting the preferences of the agents by assuming that
their utility functions linearly depend on a payment allows
for the positive results of the Vickrey auction and the
Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism. These results, however, are
limited to settings where there is some commonly desired
commodity or numeraire - money, shells, beads, etcetera -
which is commensurable with utility. We propose a
generalization of the Vickrey auction that does not assume
that the agents' preferences are quasilinear, but
nevertheless retains some of the Vickrey auction's desirable
properties. In this auction, a bid can be any alternative,
rather than just a monetary offer. As a consequence, the
auction is also applicable to situations where there is a
fixed budget, or no numeraire is available at all (or it is
undesirable to use payments for other reasons) - such as,
for example, in the allocation of the task of contributing a
module to an open-source project. We show that in two
general settings, this qualitative Vickrey auction has a
dominant-strategy equilibrium, invariably yields a weakly
Pareto efficient outcome in this equilibrium, and is
individually rational. In the first setting, the center has
a linear preference order over a finite set of alternatives,
and in the second setting, the bidders' preferences can be
represented by continuous utility functions over a closed
metric space of alternatives and the center's utility is
equipeaked. The traditional Vickrey auction turns out to be
a special case of the qualitative Vickrey auction in this
second setting. Copyright 2009 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1566374.1566403},
Key = {fds236262}
}
@article{fds325619,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1980522.1980532},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Solutions should be sent to the editor at
conitzer@cs.duke.edu with subject header <jats:bold>SIGecom
Exchanges Puzzle</jats:bold> . The author(s) of the most
elegant solution (as judged by the editor) will be allowed
to publish his or her or their proof in the next issue of
the Exchanges (ties broken towards earlier submissions). To
make the solution accessible to a wide audience, try to
minimize technical jargon in the proof. The editor will not
give any feedback on submitted solutions and ignore any
requests for hints, <jats:italic>etc</jats:italic> .
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1145/1980522.1980532},
Key = {fds325619}
}
@article{fds313247,
Author = {Farfel, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A hybrid of a Turing test and a prediction
market},
Journal = {Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences,
Social-Informatics and Telecommunications
Engineering},
Volume = {14 LNICST},
Pages = {61-73},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9783642038204},
ISSN = {1867-8211},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03821-1_10},
Abstract = {We present Turing Trade, a web-based game that is a hybrid
of a Turing test and a prediction market. In this game,
there is a mystery conversation partner, the "target," who
is trying to appear human, but may in reality be either a
human or a bot. There are multiple judges (or "bettors"),
who interrogate the target in order to assess whether it is
a human or a bot. Throughout the interrogation, each bettor
bets on the nature of the target by buying or selling human
(or bot) securities, which pay out if the target is a human
(bot). The resulting market price represents the bettors'
aggregate belief that the target is a human. This game
offers multiple advantages over standard variants of the
Turing test. Most significantly, our game gathers much more
fine-grained data, since we obtain not only the judges'
final assessment of the target's humanity, but rather the
entire progression of their aggregate belief over time. This
gives us the precise moments in conversations where the
target's response caused a significant shift in the
aggregate belief, indicating that the response was decidedly
human or unhuman. An additional benefit is that (we believe)
the game is more enjoyable to participants than a standard
Turing test. This is important because otherwise, we will
fail to collect significant amounts of data. In this paper,
we describe in detail how Turing Trade works, exhibit some
example logs, and analyze how well Turing Trade functions as
a prediction market by studying the calibration and
sharpness of its forecasts (from real user data). © 2009
ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and
Telecommunications Engineering.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-03821-1_10},
Key = {fds313247}
}
@article{fds236256,
Author = {Ohta, N and Conitzer, V and Ichimura, R and Sakurai, Y and Iwasaki, A and Yokoo, M},
Title = {Coalition structure generation utilizing compact
characteristic function representations},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5732 LNCS},
Pages = {623-638},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04244-7_49},
Abstract = {This paper presents a new way of formalizing the Coalition
Structure Generation problem (CSG), so that we can apply
constraint optimization techniques to it. Forming effective
coalitions is a major research challenge in AI and
multi-agent systems. CSG involves partitioning a set of
agents into coalitions so that social surplus is maximized.
Traditionally, the input of the CSG problem is a black-box
function called a characteristic function, which takes a
coalition as an input and returns the value of the
coalition. As a result, applying constraint optimization
techniques to this problem has been infeasible. However,
characteristic functions that appear in practice often can
be represented concisely by a set of rules, rather than a
single black-box function. Then, we can solve the CSG
problem more efficiently by applying constraint optimization
techniques to the compact representation directly. We
present new formalizations of the CSG problem by utilizing
recently developed compact representation schemes for
characteristic functions. We first characterize the
complexity of the CSG under these representation schemes. In
this context, the complexity is driven more by the number of
rules rather than by the number of agents. Furthermore, as
an initial step towards developing efficient constraint
optimization algorithms for solving the CSG problem, we
develop mixed integer programming formulations and show that
an off-the-shelf optimization package can perform reasonably
well, i.e., it can solve instances with a few hundred
agents, while the state-of-the-art algorithm (which does not
make use of compact representations) can solve instances
with up to 27 agents. © 2009 Springer Berlin
Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-04244-7_49},
Key = {fds236256}
}
@article{fds236270,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Worst-case optimal redistribution of VCG payments in
multi-unit auctions},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-98},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2008.06.007},
Abstract = {For allocation problems with one or more items, the
well-known Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism (aka Clarke
mechanism, Generalized Vickrey Auction) is efficient,
strategy-proof, individually rational, and does not incur a
deficit. However, it is not (strongly) budget balanced:
generally, the agents' payments will sum to more than 0. We
study mechanisms that redistribute some of the VCG payments
back to the agents, while maintaining the desirable
properties of the VCG mechanism. Our objective is to come as
close to budget balance as possible in the worst case. For
auctions with multiple indistinguishable units in which
marginal values are nonincreasing, we derive a mechanism
that is optimal in this sense. We also derive an optimal
mechanism for the case where we drop the non-deficit
requirement. Finally, we show that if marginal values are
not required to be nonincreasing, then the original VCG
mechanism is worst-case optimal. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2008.06.007},
Key = {fds236270}
}
@article{fds325372,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Taylor, CR and Wagman, L},
Title = {Who Benefits from Online Privacy?},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325372}
}
@article{fds325620,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1598780.1598792},
Doi = {10.1145/1598780.1598792},
Key = {fds325620}
}
@article{fds236171,
Author = {Farfel, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A multiagent turing test based on a prediction
market},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1435-1436},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Key = {fds236171}
}
@article{fds236255,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Eliciting single-peaked preferences using comparison
queries},
Journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {161-191},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1076-9757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2606},
Abstract = {Voting is a general method for aggregating the preferences
of multiple agents. Each agent ranks all the possible
alternatives, and based on this, an aggregate ranking of
thealternatives (or at least a winning alternative) is
produced. However, when there are many alternatives, it is
impractical to simply ask agents to report their complete
preferences.Rather, the agents' preferences, or at least the
relevant parts thereof, need to be elicited.This is done by
asking the agents a (hopefully small) number of simple
queries about their preferences, such as comparison queries,
which ask an agent to compare two of the alternatives. Prior
work on preference elicitation in voting has focused on the
case of unrestricted preferences. It has been shown that in
this setting, it is sometimes necessary to ask each agent
(almost) as many queries as would be required to determine
an arbitrary ranking of the alternatives. In contrast, in
this paper, we focus on single-peaked preferences.We show
that such preferences can be elicited using only a linear
number of comparison queries, if either the order with
respect to which preferences are single-peaked is known, or
at least one other agent's complete preferences are known.
We show that using a sublinear number of queries does not
suffice. We also consider the case of cardinally
single-peaked preferences. For this case, we show that if
the alternatives' cardinal positions are known, then an
agent's preferences can be elicited using only a logarithmic
number of queries; however, we also show that if the
cardinal positions are not known, then a sublinear number of
queries does not suffice. We present experimental results
for all elicitation algorithms. We also consider the problem
of only eliciting enough information to determine the
aggregate ranking, and show that even for this more modest
objective, a sublinear number of queries per agent does not
suffice for known ordinal or unknown cardinal positions.
Finally, we discuss whether and how these techniques can be
applied when preferences are almost single-peaked. ©2009 AI
Access Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1613/jair.2606},
Key = {fds236255}
}
@article{fds236263,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Lang, J and Xia, L},
Title = {How hard is it to control sequential elections via the
agenda?},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {103-108},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {Voting on multiple related issues is an important and
difficult problem. The key difficulty is that the number of
alternatives is exponential in the number of issues, and
hence it is infeasible for the agents to rank all the
alternatives. A simple approach is to vote on the issues one
at a time, in sequence; however, a drawback is that the
outcome may depend on the order in which the issues are
voted upon and decided, which gives the chairperson some
control over the outcome of the election because she can
strategically determine the order. While this is undeniably
a negative feature of sequential voting, in this paper we
temper this judgment by showing that the chairperson's
control problem is, in most cases, computationally
hard.},
Key = {fds236263}
}
@article{fds236264,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Rognlie, M and Xia, L},
Title = {Preference functions that score rankings and maximum
likelihood estimation},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {109-115},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {In social choice, a preference function (PF) takes a set of
votes (linear orders over a set of alternatives) as input,
and produces one or more rankings (also linear orders over
the alternatives) as output. Such functions have many
applications, for example, aggregating the preferences of
multiple agents, or merging rankings (of, say, webpages)
into a single ranking. The key issue is choosing a PF to
use. One natural and previously studied approach is to
assume that there is an unobserved "correct" ranking, and
the votes are noisy estimates of this. Then, we can use the
PF that always chooses the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE)
of the correct ranking. In this paper, we define simple
ranking scoring functions (SRSFs) and show that the class of
neutral SRSFs is exactly the class of neutral PFs that are
MLEs for some noise model. We also define composite ranking
scoring functions (CRSFs) and show a condition under which
these coincide with SRSFs. We study key properties such as
consistency and continuity, and consider some example PFs.
In particular, we study Single Transferable Vote (STV), a
commonly used PF, showing that it is a CRSF but not an SRSF,
thereby clarifying the extent to which it is an MLE
function. This also gives a new perspective on how ties
should be broken under STV. We leave some open
questions.},
Key = {fds236264}
}
@article{fds236265,
Author = {Halvorson, E and Conitzer, V and Parr, R},
Title = {Multi-step multi-sensor hider-seeker games},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {159-166},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {We study a multi-step hider-seeker game where the hider is
moving on a graph and, in each step, the seeker is able to
search c subsets of the graph nodes. We model this game as a
zero-sum Bayesian game, which can be solved in weakly
polynomial time in the players' action spaces. The seeker's
action space is exponential in c, and both players' action
spaces are exponential in the game horizon. To manage this
intractability, we use a column/constraint generation
approach for both players. This approach requires an oracle
to determine best responses for each player. However, we
show that computing a best response for the seeker is
NP-hard, even for a single-step game when c is part of the
input, and that computing a best response is NP-hard for
both players for the multi-step game, even if c = 1. An
integer programming formulation of the best response for the
hider is practical for moderate horizons, but computing an
exact seeker best response is impractical due to the
exponential dependence on both c and the horizon. We
therefore develop an approximate best response oracle with
bounded suboptimality for the seeker. We prove performance
bounds on the strategy that results when column/constraint
generation with approximate best responses converges, and we
measure the performance of our algorithm in simulations. In
our experimental results, column/constraint generation
converges to near-minimax strategies for both players fairly
quickly.},
Key = {fds236265}
}
@article{fds236266,
Author = {Xia, L and Zuckerman, M and Procaccia, AD and Conitzer, V and Rosenschein, JS},
Title = {Complexity of unweighted coalitional manipulation under some
common voting rules},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {348-353},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {Understanding the computational complexity of manipulation
in elections is arguably the most central agenda in
Computational Social Choice. One of the influential
variations of the the problem involves a coalition of
manipulators trying to make a favorite candidate win the
election. Although the complexity of the problem is
well-studied under the assumption that the voters are
weighted, there were very few successful attempts to abandon
this strong assumption. In this paper, we study the
complexity of the unweighted coalitional manipulation
problem (UCM) under several prominent voting rules. Our main
result is that UCM is NP-complete under the maximin rule;
this resolves an enigmatic open question. We then show that
UCM is NP-complete under the ranked pairs rule, even with
respect to a single manipulator. Furthermore, we provide an
extreme hardness-of-approximation result for an optimization
version of UCM under ranked pairs. Finally, we show that UCM
under the Bucklin rule is in P.},
Key = {fds236266}
}
@article{fds236267,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Prediction markets, mechanism design, and cooperative game
theory},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 25th Conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence, UAI 2009},
Pages = {101-108},
Publisher = {AUAI Press},
Editor = {Bilmes, JA and Ng, AY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Prediction markets are designed to elicit information from
multiple agents in order to predict (obtain probabilities
for) future events. A good prediction market incentivizes
agents to reveal their information truthfully; such
incentive compatibility considerations are commonly studied
in mechanism design. While this relation between prediction
markets and mechanism design is well understood at a high
level, the models used in prediction markets tend to be
somewhat different from those used in mechanism design. This
paper considers a model for prediction markets that fits
more straightforwardly into the mechanism design framework.
We consider a number of mechanisms within this model, all
based on proper scoring rules. We discuss basic properties
of these mechanisms, such as incentive compatibility. We
also draw connections between some of these mechanisms and
cooperative game theory. Finally, we speculate how one might
build a practical prediction market based on some of these
ideas.},
Key = {fds236267}
}
@article{fds236268,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Finite local consistency characterizes generalized scoring
rules},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {336-341},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {An important problem in computational social choice concerns
whether it is possible to prevent manipulation of voting
rules by making it computationally intractable. To answer
this, a key question is how frequently voting rules are
manipulable. We [Xia and Conitzer, 2008] recently defined
the class of generalized scoring rules (GSRs) and
characterized the frequency of manipulability for such
rules. We showed, by examples, that most common rules seem
to fall into this class. However, no natural axiomatic
characterization of the class was given, leaving the
possibility that there are natural rules to which these
results do not apply. In this paper, we characterize the
class of GSRs based on two natural properties: it is equal
to the class of rules that are anonymous and finitely
locally consistent. Generalized scoring rules also have
other uses in computational social choice. For these uses,
the order of the GSR (the dimension of its score vector) is
important. Our characterization result implies that the
order of a GSR is related to the minimum number of locally
consistent components of the rule. We proceed to bound the
minimum number of locally consistent components for some
common rules.},
Key = {fds236268}
}
@article{fds236269,
Author = {Anand, SS and Bunescu, R and Carvcdho, V and Chomicki, J and Conitzer,
V and Cox, MT and Dignum, V and Dodds, Z and Dredze, M and Furcy, D and Gabrilovich, E and Göker, MH and Guesgen, H and Hirsh, H and Jannach,
D and Junker, U and Ketter, W and Kobsa, A and Koenig, S and Lau, T and Lewis,
L and Matson, E and Metzler, T and Mihalcea, R and Mobasher, B and Pineau,
J and Poupart, P and Raja, A and Ruml, W and Sadeh, N and Shani, G and Shapiro, D and Smith, T and Taylor, ME and Wagstaff, K and Walsh, W and Zhou, R},
Title = {AAAI 2008 workshop reports},
Journal = {AI Magazine},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {108-118},
Publisher = {Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
(AAAI)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0738-4602},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v30i1.2196},
Abstract = {AAAI was pleased to present the AAAI-08 Workshop Program,
held Sunday and Monday, July 13-14, in Chicago, Illinois,
USA. The program included the following 15 workshops:
Advancements in POMDP Solvers; AI Education Workshop
Colloquium; Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and
Norms in Agent Systems, Enhanced Messaging; Human
Implications of Human-Robot Interaction; Intelligent
Techniques for Web Personalization and Recommender Systems;
Metareasoning: Thinking about Thinking; Multidisciplinary
Workshop on Advances in Preference Handling; Search in
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics; Spatial and Temporal
Reasoning; Trading Agent Design and Analysis; Transfer
Learning for Complex Tasks; What Went Wrong and Why: Lessons
from AI Research and Applications; and Wikipedia and
Artificial Intelligence: An Evolving Synergy. Copyright ©
2009, Association for the Advancement of Artificial
Intelligence. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1609/aimag.v30i1.2196},
Key = {fds236269}
}
@article{fds325375,
Author = {Sosa, JA and Romero, P},
Title = {Editorial Introductions},
Journal = {Current Opinion in Oncology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-2},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1345037.1345038},
Doi = {10.1145/1345037.1345038},
Key = {fds325375}
}
@article{fds325621,
Author = {Farfel, J and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A multiagent Turing test based on a prediction
market.},
Journal = {AAMAS (2)},
Pages = {1407-1408},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Sierra, C and Castelfranchi, C and Decker, KS and Sichman,
JS},
Year = {2009},
ISBN = {978-0-9817381-7-8},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1558109.1558318},
Doi = {10.1145/1558109.1558318},
Key = {fds325621}
}
@article{fds340691,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Prediction Markets, Mechanism Design, and Cooperative Game
Theory.},
Journal = {UAI},
Pages = {101-108},
Publisher = {AUAI Press},
Editor = {Bilmes, JA and Ng, AY},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds340691}
}
@article{fds236243,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Optimal false-name-proof voting rules with costly
voting},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {190-195},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {One way for agents to reach a joint decision is to vote over
the alternatives. In open, anonymous settings such as the
Internet, an agent can vote more than once without being
detected. A voting rule is false-name-proof if no agent ever
benefits from casting additional votes. Previous work has
shown that all false-name-proof voting rules are
unresponsive to agents' preferences. However, that work
implicitly assumes that casting additional votes is
costless. In this paper, we consider what happens if there
is a cost to casting additional votes. We characterize the
optimal (most responsive) false-name-proof-with-costs voting
rule for 2 alternatives. In sharp contrast to the costless
setting, we prove that as the voting population grows
larger, the probability that this rule selects the majority
winner converges to 1. We also characterize the optimal
group false-name-proof rule for 2 alternatives, which is
robust to coalitions of agents sharing the costs of
additional votes. Unfortunately, the probability that this
rule chooses the majority winner as the voting population
grows larger is relatively low. We derive an analogous rule
in a setting with 3 alternatives, and provide bounding
results and computational approaches for settings with 4 or
more alternatives. Copyright © 2008, Association for the
Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All
rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236243}
}
@article{fds236241,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Determining possible and necessary winners under common
voting rules given partial orders},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {196-201},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Usually a voting rule or correspondence requires agents to
give their preferences as linear orders. However, in some
cases it is impractical for an agent to give a linear order
over all the alternatives. It has been suggested to let
agents submit partial orders instead. Then, given a profile
of partial orders and a candidate c, two important questions
arise: first, is c guaranteed to win, and second, is it
still possible for c to win? These are the necessary winner
and possible winner problems, respectively. We consider the
setting where the number of alternatives is unbounded and
the votes are unweighted. We prove that for Copeland,
maximin, Bucklin, and ranked pairs, the possible winner
problem is NP-complete; also, we give a sufficient condition
on scoring rules for the possible winner problem to be
NP-complete (Borda satisfies this condition). We also prove
that for Copeland and ranked pairs, the necessary winner
problem is co NP-complete. All the hardness results hold
even when the number of undetermined pairs in each vote is
no more than a constant. We also present polynomial-time
algorithms for the necessary winner problem for scoring
rules, maximin, and Bucklin. Copyright © 2008, Association
for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236241}
}
@article{fds236242,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V and Lang, J},
Title = {Voting on multiattribute domains with cyclic preferential
dependencies},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {202-207},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In group decision making, often the agents need to decide on
multiple attributes at the same time, so that there are
exponentially many alternatives; In this case, it is
unrealistic to ask agents to communicate a full ranking of
all the alternatives. To address this, earlier work has
proposed decomposing such voting processes by using local
voting rules on the individual attributes. Unfortunately,
the existing methods work only with rather severe domain
restrictions, as they require the voters' preferences to
extend acyclic CP-nets compatible with a common order on the
attributes. We first show that this requirement is very
restrictive, by proving that the number of linear orders
extending an acyclic CP-net is exponentially smaller than
the number of all linear orders. Then, we introduce a very
general methodology that allows us to aggregate preferences
when voters express CP-nets that can be cyclic. There does
not need to be any common structure among the submitted
CP-nets. Our methodology generalizes the earlier, more
restrictive methodology. We study whether properties of the
local rules transfer to the global rule, and vice versa. We
also address how to compute the winning alternatives.
Copyright © 2008, Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236242}
}
@article{fds236244,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Comparing multiagent systems research in combinatorial
auctions and voting},
Journal = {10th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and
Mathematics, ISAIM 2008},
Pages = {10P},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In a combinatorial auction, a set of resources is for sale,
and agents can bid on subsets of these resources. In a
voting setting, the agents decide among a set of
alternatives by having each agent rank all the alternatives.
Many of the key research issues in these two domains are
similar. The aim of this paper is to give a convenient
side-by-side comparison that will clarify the relation
between the domains, and serve as a guide to future
research. © 2007, authors listed above. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236244}
}
@article{fds236245,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Generalized scoring rules and the frequency of coalitional
manipulability},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {109-118},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1386790.1386811},
Abstract = {We introduce a class of voting rules called generalized
scoring rules. Under such a rule, each vote generates a
vector of k scores, and the outcome of the voting rule is
based only on the sum of these vectors - more specifically,
only on the order (in terms of score) of the sum's
components. This class is extremely general: we do not know
of any commonly studied rule that is not a generalized
scoring rule. We then study the coalitional manipulation
problem for generalized scoring rules. We prove that under
certain natural assumptions, if the number of manipulators
is O(np) (for any p < 1/2), then the probability that a
random profile is manipulable is O(np-1/2), where n is the
number of voters. We also prove that under another set of
natural assumptions, if the number of manipulators is Ω(np)
(for any p > 1/2) and o(n), then the probability that a
random profile is manipulable (to any possible winner under
the voting rule) is 1 - O(e -Ω(n2p-1)). We also show that
common voting rules satisfy these conditions (for the
uniform distribution). These results generalize earlier
results by Procaccia and Rosenschein as well as even earlier
results on the probability of an election being tied.
Copyright 2008 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1386790.1386811},
Key = {fds236245}
}
@article{fds236246,
Author = {Xia, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {A sufficient condition for voting rules to be frequently
manipulable},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {99-108},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1386790.1386810},
Abstract = {The Gibbard-Satterthwaite Theorem states that (in
unrestricted settings) any reasonable voting rule is
manipulable. Recently, a quantitative version of this
theorem was proved by Ehud Friedgut, Gil Kalai, and Noam
Nisan: when the number of alternatives is three, for any
neutral voting rule that is far from any dictatorship, there
exists a voter such that a random manipulation - -that is,
the true preferences and the strategic vote are all drawn
i.i.d., uniformly at random - -will succeed with a
probability of Ω(1/n), where n is the number of voters.
However, it seems that the techniques used to prove this
theorem can not be fully extended to more than three
alternatives. In this paper, we give a more limited result
that does apply to four or more alternatives. We give a
sufficient condition for a voting rule to be randomly
manipulable with a probability of Ω(1/n) for at least one
voter, when the number of alternatives is held fixed.
Specifically, our theorem states that if a voting rule r
satisfies 1. homogeneity, 2. anonymity, 3. non-imposition,
4. a canceling-out condition, and 5. there exists a stable
profile that is still stable after one given alternative is
uniformly moved to different positions; then there exists a
voter such that a random manipulation for that voter will
succeed with a probability of Ω(1/n). We show that many
common voting rules satisfy these conditions, for example
any positional scoring rule, Copeland, STV, maximin, and
ranked pairs. Copyright 2008 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1386790.1386810},
Key = {fds236246}
}
@article{fds236247,
Author = {Apt, K and Conitzer, V and Guo, M and Markakis, E},
Title = {Welfare undominated groves mechanisms},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5385 LNCS},
Pages = {426-437},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Editor = {Papadimitriou, CH and Zhang, S},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {978-3-540-92184-4},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_48},
Abstract = {A common objective in mechanism design is to choose the
outcome (for example, allocation of resources) that
maximizes the sum of the agents' valuations, without
introducing incentives for agents to misreport their
preferences. The class of Groves mechanisms achieves this;
however, these mechanisms require the agents to make
payments, thereby reducing the agents' total welfare. In
this paper we introduce a measure for comparing two
mechanisms with respect to the final welfare they generate.
This measure induces a partial order on mechanisms and we
study the question of finding minimal elements with respect
to this partial order. In particular, we say a non-deficit
Groves mechanism is welfare undominated if there exists no
other non-deficit Groves mechanism that always has a smaller
or equal sum of payments. We focus on two domains: (i)
auctions with multiple identical units and unit-demand
bidders, and (ii) mechanisms for public project problems. In
the first domain we analytically characterize all welfare
undominated Groves mechanisms that are anonymous and have
linear payment functions, by showing that the family of
optimal-in-expectation linear redistribution mechanisms,
which were introduced in [6] and include the Bailey-Cavallo
mechanism [1,2], coincides with the family of welfare
undominated Groves mechanisms that are anonymous and linear
in the setting we study. In the second domain we show that
the classic VCG (Clarke) mechanism is welfare undominated
for the class of public project problems with equal
participation costs, but is not undominated for a more
general class. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_48},
Key = {fds236247}
}
@article{fds236248,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Anonymity-proof voting rules},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5385 LNCS},
Pages = {295-306},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_36},
Abstract = {A (randomized, anonymous) voting rule maps any multiset of
total orders (aka. votes) over a fixed set of alternatives
to a probability distribution over these alternatives. A
voting rule f is false-name-proof if no voter ever benefits
from casting more than one vote. It is anonymity-proof if it
satisfies voluntary participation and it is
false-name-proof. We show that the class of anonymity-proof
neutral voting rules consists exactly of the rules of the
following form. With some probability k f ∈ ∈[0,1], the
rule chooses an alternative uniformly at random. With
probability 1∈-∈k f, the rule first draws a pair of
alternatives uniformly at random. If every vote prefers the
same alternative between the two (and there is at least one
vote), then the rule chooses that alternative. Otherwise,
the rule flips a fair coin to decide between the two
alternatives. We also show how the characterization changes
if group strategy-proofness is added as a requirement. ©
2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_36},
Key = {fds236248}
}
@article{fds236249,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Better redistribution with inefficient allocation in
multi-unit auctions with unit demand},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {210-219},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1386790.1386825},
Abstract = {For the problem of allocating one or more items among a
group of competing agents, the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG)
mechanism is strategy-proof and efficient. However, the VCG
mechanism is not strongly budget balanced: in general, value
flows out of the system of agents in the form of VCG
payments, which reduces the agents' utilities. In many
settings, the objective is to maximize the sum of the
agents' utilities (taking payments into account). For this
purpose, several VCG redistribution mechanisms have been
proposed that redistribute a large fraction of the VCG
payments back to the agents, in a way that maintains
strategy-proofness and the non-deficit property.
Unfortunately, sometimes even the best VCG redistribution
mechanism fails to redistribute a substantial fraction of
the VCG payments. This results in a low total utility for
the agents, even though the items are allocated efficiently.
In this paper, we study strategy-proof allocation mechanisms
that do not always allocate the items efficiently. It turns
out that by allocating inefficiently, more payment can
sometimes be redistributed, so that the net effect is an
increase in the sum of the agents' utilities. Our objective
is to design mechanisms that are competitive with the
omnipotent perfect allocation in terms of the agents' total
utility. We define linear allocation mechanisms. We propose
an optimization model for simultaneously finding an
allocation mechanism and a payment redistribution rule which
together are optimal, given that the allocation mechanism is
required to be either one of, or a mixture of, a finite set
of specified linear allocation mechanisms. Finally, we
propose several specific (linear) mechanisms that are based
on burning items, excluding agents, and (most generally)
partitioning the items and agents into groups. We show or
conjecture that these mechanisms are optimal among various
classes of mechanisms. Copyright 2008 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1386790.1386825},
Key = {fds236249}
}
@article{fds236250,
Author = {Chomicki, J and Conitzer, V and Junkar, U and Pern,
P},
Title = {AAAI Workshop - Technical Report: Preface},
Journal = {AAAI Workshop - Technical Report},
Volume = {WS-08-09},
Pages = {vii},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds236250}
}
@article{fds236251,
Author = {Letchford, J and Conitzer, V and Jain, K},
Title = {An "ethical" game-theoretic solution concept for two-player
perfect-information games},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {5385 LNCS},
Pages = {696-707},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_75},
Abstract = {The standard solution concept for perfect-information
extensive form games is subgame perfect Nash equilibrium.
However, humans do not always play according to a subgame
perfect Nash equilibrium, especially in games where it is
possible for all the players to obtain much higher payoffs
if they place some trust in each other (and this trust is
not violated). In this paper, we introduce a new solution
concept for two-player perfect-information games that
attempts to model this type of trusting behavior (together
with the "ethical" behavior of not violating that trust).
The concept takes subgame perfect equilibrium as a starting
point, but then repeatedly resolves the game based on the
players being able to trust each other. We give two distinct
algorithmic definitions of the concept and show that they
are equivalent. Finally, we give a fast implementation of
one of the algorithms for solving the game, and show that it
runs in time O(nlogn∈+∈nhlog(n/h)). © 2008 Springer
Berlin Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-92185-1_75},
Key = {fds236251}
}
@article{fds236252,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Metareasoning as a formal computational problem},
Journal = {AAAI Workshop - Technical Report},
Volume = {WS-08-07},
Pages = {29-33},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Metareasoning research often lays out high-level principles,
which are then applied in the context of larger systems.
While this approach has proven quite successful, it
sometimes obscures how metareasoning can be seen as a crisp
computational problem in its own right. This alternative
view allows us to apply tools from the theory of algorithms
and computational complexity to metareasoning. In this
paper, we consider some known results on how variants of the
metareasoning problem can be precisely formalized as
computational problems, and shown to be computationally hard
to solve to optimality. We discuss a variety of techniques
for addressing these hardness results. Copyright © 2008,
Association for the Advancement of Artificial
Intelligence.},
Key = {fds236252}
}
@article{fds325622,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1486877.1486889},
Doi = {10.1145/1486877.1486889},
Key = {fds325622}
}
@article{fds236254,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {New complexity results about Nash equilibria},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {621-641},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2008.02.015},
Abstract = {We provide a single reduction that demonstrates that in
normal-form games: (1) it is NP-complete to determine
whether Nash equilibria with certain natural properties
exist (these results are similar to those obtained by Gilboa
and Zemel [Gilboa, I., Zemel, E., 1989. Nash and correlated
equilibria: Some complexity considerations. Games Econ.
Behav. 1, 80-93]), (2) more significantly, the problems of
maximizing certain properties of a Nash equilibrium are
inapproximable (unless P = NP), and (3) it is # P-hard to
count the Nash equilibria. We also show that determining
whether a pure-strategy Bayes-Nash equilibrium exists in a
Bayesian game is NP-complete, and that determining whether a
pure-strategy Nash equilibrium exists in a Markov
(stochastic) game is PSPACE-hard even if the game is
unobserved (and that this remains NP-hard if the game has
finite length). All of our hardness results hold even if
there are only two players and the game is symmetric. ©
2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2008.02.015},
Key = {fds236254}
}
@article{fds325623,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-2},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1399589.1399602},
Doi = {10.1145/1399589.1399602},
Key = {fds325623}
}
@article{fds236253,
Author = {Apaydin, MS and Conitzer, V and Donald, BR},
Title = {Structure-based protein NMR assignments using native
structural ensembles.},
Journal = {Journal of biomolecular NMR},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {263-276},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0925-2738},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18365752},
Abstract = {An important step in NMR protein structure determination is
the assignment of resonances and NOEs to corresponding
nuclei. Structure-based assignment (SBA) uses a model
structure ("template") for the target protein to expedite
this process. Nuclear vector replacement (NVR) is an SBA
framework that combines multiple sources of NMR data
(chemical shifts, RDCs, sparse NOEs, amide exchange rates,
TOCSY) and has high accuracy when the template is close to
the target protein's structure (less than 2 A backbone
RMSD). However, a close template may not always be
available. We extend the circle of convergence of NVR for
distant templates by using an ensemble of structures. This
ensemble corresponds to the low-frequency perturbations of
the given template and is obtained using normal mode
analysis (NMA). Our algorithm assigns resonances and sparse
NOEs using each of the structures in the ensemble
separately, and aggregates the results using a voting scheme
based on maximum bipartite matching. Experimental results on
human ubiquitin, using four distant template structures show
an increase in the assignment accuracy. Our algorithm also
improves the robustness of NVR with respect to structural
noise. We provide a confidence measure for each assignment
using the percentage of the structures that agree on that
assignment. We use this measure to assign a subset of the
peaks with even higher accuracy. We further validate our
algorithm on data for two additional proteins with NVR. We
then show the general applicability of our approach by
applying our NMA ensemble-based voting scheme to another SBA
tool, MARS. For three test proteins with corresponding
templates, including the 370-residue maltose binding
protein, we increase the number of reliable assignments made
by MARS. Finally, we show that our voting scheme is sound
and optimal, by proving that it is a maximum likelihood
estimator of the correct assignments.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10858-008-9230-x},
Key = {fds236253}
}
@article{fds236167,
Author = {Ohta, N and Conitzer, V and Satoh, Y and Iwasaki, A and Yokoo,
M},
Title = {Anonymity-proof Shapley value: Extending Shapley value for
coalitional games in open environments},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {909-916},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is an important capability for automated
negotiation among self-interested agents. In order for
coalitions to be stable, a key question that must be
answered is how the gains from cooperation are to be
distributed. Coalitional game theory provides a number of
solution concepts for this. However, recent research has
revealed that these traditional solution concepts are
vulnerable to various manipulations in open anonymous
environments such as the Internet. To address this, previous
work has developed a solution concept called the
anonymity-proof core, which is robust against such
manipulations. That work also developed a method for
compactly representing the anonymity-proof core. However,
the required computational and representational costs are
still huge. In this paper, we develop a new solution concept
which we call the anonymity-proof Shapley value. We show
that the anonymity-proof Shapley value is characterized by
certain simple axiomatic conditions, always exists, and is
uniquely determined. The computational and representational
costs of the anonymity-proof Shapley value are drastically
smaller than those of existing anonymity-proof solution
concepts. Copyright © 2008, International Foundation for
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (www.ifaarnas.org).
All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236167}
}
@article{fds236168,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Strategie betting for competitive agents},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {829-836},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {In many multiagent settings, each agent's goal is to come
out ahead of the other agents on some metric, such as the
currency obtained by the agent. In such settings, it is not
appropriate for an agent to try to maximize its expected
score on the metric; rather, the agent should maximize its
expected probability of winning. In principle, given this
objective, the game can be solved using game-theoretic
techniques. However, most games of interest are far too
large and complex to solve exactly. To get some intuition as
to what an optimal strategy in such games should look like,
we introduce a simplified game that captures some of their
key aspects, and solve it (and several variants) exactly.
Specifically, the basic game that we study is the following:
each agent i chooses a lottery over nonnegative numbers
whose expectation is equal to its budget bi. The agent with
the highest realized outcome wins (and agents only care
about winning). We show that there is a unique symmetric
equilibrium when budgets are equal. We proceed to study and
solve extensions, including settings where agents must
obtain a minimum outcome to win; where agents choose their
budgets (at a cost); and where budgets are private
information. Copyright © 2008, International Foundation for
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org).
All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236168}
}
@article{fds236169,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Optimal-in-expectation redistribution mechanisms},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1029-1036},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {Many important problems in multiagent systems involve the
allocation of multiple resources to multiple agents. If
agents are self-interested, they will lie about their
valuations for the resources if they perceive this to be in
their interest. The well-known VCG mechanism allocates the
items efficiently, is incentive compatible (agents have no
incentive to lie), and never runs a deficit. Nevertheless,
the agents may have to make large payments to a party
outside the system of agents, leading to decreased utility
for the agents. Recent work has investigated the possibility
of redistributing some of the payments back to the agents,
without violating the other desirable properties of the VCG
mechanism. We study multi-unit auctions with unit demand,
for which previously a mechanism has been found that
maximizes the worst-case redistribution percentage. In
contrast, we assume that a prior distribution over the
agents' valuations is available, and try to maximize the
expected total redistribution. We analytically solve for a
mechanism that is optimal among linear redistribution
mechanisms. The optimal linear mechanism is asymptotically
optimal. We also propose discretization redistribution
mechanisms. We show how to automatically solve for the
optimal discretization redistribution mechanism for a given
discretization step size, and show that the resulting
mechanisms converge to optimality as the step size goes to
zero. We also present experimental results showing that for
auctions with many bidders, the optimal linear
redistribution mechanism redistributes almost everything,
whereas for auctions with few bidders, we can solve for the
optimal discretization redistribution mechanism with a very
small step size. Copyright © 2008, International Foundation
for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
(www.ifaamas.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236169}
}
@article{fds236170,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Undominated VCG redistribution mechanisms},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems,
AAMAS},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1021-1028},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1548-8403},
Abstract = {Many important problems in multiagent systems can be seen as
resource allocation problems. For such problems, the
well-known Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism is
efficient, incentive compatible, individually rational, and
does not incur a deficit. However, the VCG mechanism is not
(strongly) budget balanced: generally, the agents' payments
will sum to more than 0. Very recently, several mechanisms
have been proposed that redistribute a significant
percentage of the VCG payments back to the agents while
maintaining the other properties. This increases the agents'
utilities. One redistribution mechanism dominates another if
it always redistributes at least as much to each agent (and
sometimes more). In this paper, we provide a
characterization of undominated redistribution mechanisms.
We also propose several techniques that take a dominated
redistribution mechanism as input, and produce as output
another redistribution mechanism that dominates the
original. One technique immediately produces an undominated
redistribution mechanism that is not necessarily anonymous.
Another technique preserves anonymity, and repeated
application results in an undominated redistribution
mechanism in the limit. We show experimentally that these
techniques improve the known redistribution mechanisms.
Copyright © 2008. International Foundation for Autonomous
Agents and Multiagent Systems (www.ifaamas.org). All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds236170}
}
@article{fds341040,
Author = {Apt, KR and Conitzer, V and Guo, M and Markakis, E},
Title = {Welfare Undominated Groves Mechanisms.},
Journal = {WINE},
Volume = {5385},
Pages = {426-437},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Papadimitriou, CH and Zhang, S},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-3-540-92184-4},
Key = {fds341040}
}
@article{fds325624,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Optimal-in-expectation redistribution mechanisms.},
Journal = {AAMAS (2)},
Pages = {1047-1054},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Padgham, L and Parkes, DC and Müller, JP and Parsons,
S},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-9817381-1-6},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1402298.1402367},
Doi = {10.1145/1402298.1402367},
Key = {fds325624}
}
@article{fds325625,
Author = {Wagman, L and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Strategic betting for competitive agents.},
Journal = {AAMAS (2)},
Pages = {847-854},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Padgham, L and Parkes, DC and Müller, JP and Parsons,
S},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-9817381-1-6},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1402298.1402342},
Doi = {10.1145/1402298.1402342},
Key = {fds325625}
}
@article{fds325626,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Undominated VCG redistribution mechanisms.},
Journal = {AAMAS (2)},
Pages = {1039-1046},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Padgham, L and Parkes, DC and Müller, JP and Parsons,
S},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-9817381-1-6},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1402298.1402366},
Doi = {10.1145/1402298.1402366},
Key = {fds325626}
}
@article{fds325627,
Author = {Ohta, N and Conitzer, V and Satoh, Y and Iwasaki, A and Yokoo,
M},
Title = {Anonymity-proof Shapley value: extending shapley value for
coalitional games in open environments.},
Journal = {AAMAS (2)},
Pages = {927-934},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Padgham, L and Parkes, DC and Müller, JP and Parsons,
S},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-9817381-1-6},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1402298.1402352},
Doi = {10.1145/1402298.1402352},
Key = {fds325627}
}
@article{fds236237,
Author = {Guo, M and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Worst-case optimal redistribution of VCG
payments},
Journal = {EC'07 - Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Conference on
Electronic Commerce},
Pages = {30-39},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1250910.1250915},
Abstract = {For allocation problems with one or more items, the
wellknown Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism is
efficient, strategy-proof, individually rational, and does
not incur a deficit. However, the VCG mechanism is not
(strongly) budget balanced: generally, the agents' payments
will sum to more than 0. If there is an auctioneer who is
selling the items, this may be desirable, because the
surplus payment corresponds to revenue for the auctioneer.
However, if the items do not have an owner and the agents
are merely interested in allocating the items efficiently
among themselves, any surplus payment is undesirable,
because it will have to flow out of the system of agents. In
2006, Cavallo [3] proposed a mechanism that redistributes
some of the VCG payment back to the agents, while
maintaining efficiency, strategy-proofness, individual
rationality, and the non-deflcit property. In this paper, we
extend this result in a restricted setting. We study
allocation settings where there are multiple
indistinguishable units of a single good, and agents have
unit demand. (For this specific setting, Cavallo's mechanism
coincides with a mechanism proposed by Bailey in 1997 [2].)
Here we propose a family of mechanisms that redistribute
some of the VCG payment back to the agents. All mechanisms
in the family are efficient, strategyproof, individually
rational, and never incur a deficit. The family includes the
Bailey-Cavallo mechanism as a special case. We then provide
an optimization model for finding the optimal mechanism|that
is, the mechanism that maximizes redistribution in the worst
case|inside the family, and show how to cast this model as a
linear program. We give both numerical and analytical
solutions of this linear program, and the (unique) resulting
mechanism shows significant improvement over the
Bailey-Cavallo mechanism (in the worst case). Finally, we
prove that the obtained mechanism is optimal among all
anonymous deterministic mechanisms that satisfy the above
properties. Copyright 2007 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1250910.1250915},
Key = {fds236237}
}
@article{fds236238,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Eliciting single-peaked preferences using comparison
queries},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomous
Agents},
Pages = {420-427},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1329125.1329204},
Abstract = {Voting is a general method for aggregating the preferences
of multiple agents. Each agent ranks all the possible
alternatives, and based on this, an aggregate ranking of the
alternatives (or at least a winning alternative) is
produced. However, when there are many alternatives, it is
impractical to simply ask agents to report their complete
preferences. Rather, the agents' preferences, or at least
the relevant parts thereof, need to be elicited. This is
done by asking the agents a (hopefully small) number of
simple queries about their preferences, such as comparison
queries, which ask an agent to compare two of the
alternatives. Prior work on preference elicitation in voting
has focused on the case of unrestricted preferences. It has
been shown that in this setting, it is sometimes necessary
to ask each agent (almost) as many queries as would be
required to determine an arbitrary ranking of the
alternatives. By contrast, in this paper, we focus on
single-peaked preferences. We show that such preferences can
be elicited using only a linear number of comparison
queries, if either the order with respect to which
preferences are single-peaked is known, or at least one
other agent's complete preferences are known. We also show
that using a sublinear number of queries will not suffice.
Finally, we present experimental results. © 2007
IFAAMAS.},
Doi = {10.1145/1329125.1329204},
Key = {fds236238}
}
@article{fds325628,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Editor's puzzle},
Journal = {ACM SIGecom Exchanges},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-70},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1345037.1345055},
Doi = {10.1145/1345037.1345055},
Key = {fds325628}
}
@article{fds236193,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Incremental mechanism design},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {1251-1256},
Editor = {Veloso, MM},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2007.html},
Abstract = {Mechanism design has traditionally focused almost
exclusively on the design of truthful mechanisms. There are
several drawbacks to this: 1. in certain settings (e.g.
voting settings), no desirable strategy-proof mechanisms
exist; 2. truthful mechanisms are unable to take advantage
of the fact that computationally bounded agents may not be
able to find the best manipulation, and 3. when designing
mechanisms automatically, this approach leads to constrained
optimization problems for which current techniques do not
scale to very large instances. In this paper, we suggest an
entirely different approach: we start with a naïve
(manipulable) mechanism, and incrementally make it more
strategy-proof over a sequence of iterations. We give
examples of mechanisms that (variants of) our approach
generate, including the VCG mechanism in general settings
with payments, and the plurality-with-runoff voting rule. We
also provide several basic algorithms for automatically
executing our approach in general settings. Finally, we
discuss how computationally hard it is for agents to find
any remaining beneficial manipulation.},
Key = {fds236193}
}
@article{fds236196,
Author = {Sandholm, T and Conitzer, V and Boutilier, C},
Title = {Automated design of multistage mechanisms},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {1500-1506},
Editor = {Veloso, MM},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2007.html},
Abstract = {Mechanism design is the study of preference aggregation
protocols that work well in the face of self-interested
agents. We present the first general-purpose techniques for
automatically designing multistage mechanisms. These can
reduce elicitation burden by only querying agents for
information that is relevant given their answers to previous
queries. We first show how to turn a given (e.g.,
automatically designed using constrained optimization
techniques) single-stagemechanism into the most efficient
corresponding multistage mechanism given a specified
elicitation tree. We then present greedy and dynamic
programming (DP) algorithms that determine the elicitation
tree (optimal in the DP case). Next, we show how the query
savings inherent in the multistage model can be used to
design the underlying single-stage mechanism to maximally
take advantage of this approach. Finally, we present
negative results on the design of multistage mechanisms that
do not correspond to dominant-strategy single-stage
mechanisms: an optimal multistage mechanism in general has
to randomize over queries to hide information from the
agents.},
Key = {fds236196}
}
@article{fds236198,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Limited verification of identities to induce
false-name-proofness},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Theoretical Aspects of
Rationality and Knowledge, TARK 2007},
Volume = {07271},
Pages = {102-111},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Editor = {Cramton, P and Müller, R and Tardos, É and Tennenholtz,
M},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/tark/tark2007.html},
Abstract = {In open, anonymous environments such as the Internet,
mechanism design is complicated by the fact that a single
agent can participate in the mechanism under multiple
identifiers. One way to address this is to design
false-name-proof mechanisms, which choose the outcome in
such a way that agents have no incentive to use more than
one identifier. Unfortunately, there are inherent
limitations on what can be achieved with false-name-proof
mechanisms, and at least in some cases, these limitations
are crippling. An alternative approach is to verify the
identities of all agents. This imposes significant overhead
and removes any benefits from anonymity. In this paper, we
propose a middle ground. Based on the reported preferences,
we check, for various subsets of the reports, whether the
reports in the subset were all submitted by different
agents. If they were not, then we discard some of them. We
characterize when such a limited verification protocol
induces false-name-proofness for a mechanism, that is, when
the combination of the mechanism and the verification
protocol gives the agents no incentive to use multiple
identifiers. This characterization leads to various
optimization problems for minimizing verification effort. We
study how to solve these problems. Throughout, we use
combinatorial auctions (using the Clarke mechanism) and
majority voting as examples.},
Doi = {10.1145/1324249.1324265},
Key = {fds236198}
}
@article{fds236239,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T and Lang, J},
Title = {When are elections with few candidates hard to
manipulate},
Journal = {Journal of the ACM},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {14-es},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0004-5411},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1236457.1236461},
Abstract = {In multiagent settings where the agents have different
preferences, preference aggregation is a central issue.
Voting is a general method for preference aggregation, but
seminal results have shown that all general voting protocols
are manipulable. One could try to avoid manipulation by
using protocols where determining a beneficial manipulation
is hard. Especially among computational agents, it is
reasonable to measure this hardness by computational
complexity. Some earlier work has been done in this area,
but it was assumed that the number of voters and candidates
is unbounded. Such hardness results lose relevance when the
number of candidates is small, because manipulation
algorithms that are exponential only in the number of
candidates (and only slightly so) might be available. We
give such an algorithm for an individual agent to manipulate
the Single Transferable Vote (STV) protocol, which has been
shown hard to manipulate in the above sense. This motivates
the core of this article, which derives hardness results for
realistic elections where the number of candidates is a
small constant (but the number of voters can be large). The
main manipulation question we study is that of coalitional
manipulation by weighted voters. (We show that for simpler
manipulation problems, manipulation cannot be hard with few
candidates.) We study both constructive manipulation (making
a given candidate win) and destructive manipulation (making
a given candidate not win). We characterize the exact number
of candidates for which manipulation becomes hard for the
plurality, Borda, STV, Copeland, maximin, veto, plurality
with runoff, regular cup, and randomized cup protocols. We
also show that hardness of manipulation in this setting
implies hardness of manipulation by an individual in
unweighted settings when there is uncertainty about the
others' votes (but not vice-versa). To our knowledge, these
are the first results on the hardness of manipulation when
there is uncertainty about the others' votes. © 2007
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1236457.1236461},
Key = {fds236239}
}
@article{fds236240,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {AWESOME: A general multiagent learning algorithm that
converges in self-play and learns a best response against
stationary opponents},
Journal = {Machine Learning},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {23-43},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0885-6125},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10994-006-0143-1},
Abstract = {Two minimal requirements for a satisfactory multiagent
learning algorithm are that it 1. learns to play optimally
against stationary opponents and 2. converges to a Nash
equilibrium in self-play. The previous algorithm that has
come closest, WoLF-IGA, has been proven to have these two
properties in 2-player 2-action (repeated) games-assuming
that the opponent's mixed strategy is observable. Another
algorithm, ReDVaLeR (which was introduced after the
algorithm described in this paper), achieves the two
properties in games with arbitrary numbers of actions and
players, but still requires that the opponents' mixed
strategies are observable. In this paper we present AWESOME,
the first algorithm that is guaranteed to have the two
properties in games with arbitrary numbers of actions and
players. It is still the only algorithm that does so while
only relying on observing the other players' actual actions
(not their mixed strategies). It also learns to play
optimally against opponents that eventually become
stationary. The basic idea behind AWESOME (Adapt When
Everybody is Stationary, Otherwise Move to Equilibrium) is
to try to adapt to the others' strategies when they appear
stationary, but otherwise to retreat to a precomputed
equilibrium strategy. We provide experimental results that
suggest that AWESOME converges fast in practice. The
techniques used to prove the properties of AWESOME are
fundamentally different from those used for previous
algorithms, and may help in analyzing future multiagent
learning algorithms as well. © Springer Science + Business
Media, LLC 2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10994-006-0143-1},
Key = {fds236240}
}
@article{fds341041,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Limited Verification of Identities to Induce
False-Name-Proofness},
Journal = {Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings},
Volume = {7271},
Publisher = {Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer
Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany},
Editor = {Cramton, P and Müller, R and Tardos, É and Tennenholtz,
M},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In open, anonymous environments such as the Internet,
mechanism design is complicated by the fact that a single
agent can participate in the mechanism under multiple
identifiers. One way to address this is to design
false-name-proof mechanisms, which choose the outcome in
such a way that agents have no incentive to use more than
one identifier. Unfortunately, there are inherent
limitations on what can be achieved with false-name-proof
mechanisms, and at least in some cases, these limitations
are crippling. An alternative approach is to verify the
identities of all agents. This imposes significant overhead
and removes any benefits from anonymity. In this paper, we
propose a middle ground. Based on the reported preferences,
we check, for various subsets of the reports, whether the
reports in the subset were all submitted by different
agents. If they were not, then we discard some of them. We
characterize when such a limited verification protocol
induces false-name-proofness for a mechanism, that is, when
the combination of the mechanism and the verification
protocol gives the agents no incentive to use multiple
identifiers. This characterization leads to various
optimization problems for minimizing verification effort. We
study how to solve these problems. Throughout, we use
combinatorial auctions (using the Clarke mechanism) and
majority voting as examples.},
Key = {fds341041}
}
@article{fds325629,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Anonymity-Proof Voting Rules},
Journal = {Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings},
Volume = {7271},
Publisher = {Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer
Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany},
Editor = {Cramton, P and Müller, R and Tardos, É and Tennenholtz,
M},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A (randomized, anonymous) voting rule maps any multiset of
total orders of (aka. votes over) a fixed set of
alternatives to a probability distribution over these
alternatives. A voting rule f is neutral if it treats all
alternatives symmetrically. It satisfies participation if no
voter ever benefits from not casting her vote. It is
false-name-proof if no voter ever benefits from casting
additional (potentially different) votes. It is
anonymity-proof if it satisfies participation and it is
false-name-proof. We show that the class of anonymity-proof
neutral voting rules consists exactly of the rules of the
following form. With some probability kf ∈ [0, 1], the
rule chooses an alternative at random. With probability 1
− kf, the rule first draws a pair of alternatives at
random. If every vote prefers the same alternative between
the two (and there is at least one vote), then the rule
chooses that alternative. Otherwise, the rule flips a fair
coin to decide between the two alternatives.},
Key = {fds325629}
}
@article{fds325630,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Invited talk by winner of IFAAMAS Victor Lesser
Distinguished Dissertation Award.},
Journal = {AAMAS},
Pages = {253-253},
Publisher = {IFAAMAS},
Editor = {Durfee, EH and Yokoo, M and Huhns, MN and Shehory,
O},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {978-81-904262-7-5},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1329125.1329431},
Doi = {10.1145/1329125.1329431},
Key = {fds325630}
}
@article{fds236233,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Failures of the VCG mechanism in combinatorial auctions and
exchanges},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomous
Agents},
Volume = {2006},
Pages = {521-528},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1160633.1160729},
Abstract = {The VCG mechanism is the canonical method for motivating
bidders in combinatorial auctions and exchanges to bid
truthfully. We study two related problems concerning the VCG
mechanism: the problem of revenue guarantees, and that of
collusion. The existence of these problems even in one-item
settings is well-known; in this paper, we lay out their full
extent in multi-item settings. We study four settings:
combinatorial forward auctions with free disposal,
combinatorial reverse auctions with free disposal,
combinatorial forward (or reverse) auctions without free
disposal, and combinatorial exchanges. In each setting, we
give an example of how additional bidders (colluders) can
make the outcome much worse (less revenue or higher cost)
under the VCG mechanism (but not under a first price
mechanism); derive necessary and sufficient conditions for
such an effective collusion to be possible under the VCG
mechanism; and (when nontrivial) study the computational
complexity of deciding whether these conditions hold.
Copyright 2006 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1160633.1160729},
Key = {fds236233}
}
@article{fds236234,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Garera, N},
Title = {Learning algorithms for online principal-agent problems (and
selling goods online)},
Journal = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series},
Volume = {148},
Pages = {209-216},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1143844.1143871},
Abstract = {In a principal-agent problem, a principal seeks to motivate
an agent to take a certain action beneficial to the
principal, while spending as little as possible on the
reward. This is complicated by the fact that the principal
does not know the agent's utility function (or type). We
study the online setting where at each round, the principal
encounters a new agent, and the principal sets the rewards
anew. At the end of each round, the principal only finds out
the action that the agent took, but not his type. The
principal must learn how to set the rewards optimally. We
show that this setting generalizes the setting of selling a
digital good online. We study and experimentally compare
three main approaches to this problem. First, we show how to
apply a standard bandit algorithm to this setting. Second,
for the case where the distribution of agent types is fixed
(but unknown to the principal), we introduce a new gradient
ascent algorithm. Third, for the case where the distribution
of agents' types is fixed, and the principal has a prior
belief (distribution) over a limited class of type
distributions, we study a Bayesian approach.},
Doi = {10.1145/1143844.1143871},
Key = {fds236234}
}
@article{fds236235,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {A technique for reducing normal-form games to compute a nash
equilibrium},
Journal = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomous
Agents},
Volume = {2006},
Pages = {537-544},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1160633.1160731},
Abstract = {We present a technique for reducing a normal-form (aka.
(bi)matrix) game, O, to a smaller normal-form game, R, for
the purpose of computing a Nash equilibrium. This is done by
computing a Nash equilibrium for a subcomponent, G, of O for
which a certain condition holds. We also show that such a
subcomponent G on which to apply the technique can be found
in polynomial time (if it exists), by showing that the
condition that G needs to satisfy can be modeled as a Horn
satisfiability problem. We show that the technique does not
extend to computing Pareto-optimal or welfare-maximizing
equilibria. We present a class of games, which we call
ALAGIU (Any Lower Action Gives Identical Utility) games, for
which recursive application of (special cases of) the
technique is sufficient for finding a Nash equilibrium in
linear time. Finally, we discuss using the technique to
compute approximate Nash equilibria. Copyright 2006
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1160633.1160731},
Key = {fds236235}
}
@article{fds236229,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computing slater rankings using similarities among
candidates},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {613-619},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Voting (or rank aggregation) is a general method for
aggregating the preferences of multiple agents. One
important voting rule is the Slater rule. It selects a
ranking of the alternatives (or candidates) to minimize the
number of pairs of candidates such that the ranking
disagrees with the pairwise majority vote on these two
candidates. The use of the Slater rule has been hindered by
a lack of techniques to compute Slater rankings. In this
paper, we show how we can decompose the Slater problem into
smaller subproblems if there is a set of similar candidates.
We show that this technique suffices to compute a Slater
ranking in linear time if the pairwise majority graph is
hierarchically structured. For the general case, we also
give an efficient algorithm for finding a set of similar
candidates. We provide experimental results that show that
this technique significantly (sometimes drastically) speeds
up search algorithms. Finally, we also use the technique of
similar sets to show that computing an optimal Slater
ranking is NP-hard, even in the absence of pairwise ties.
Copyright © 2006, American Association for Artificial
Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236229}
}
@article{fds236230,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Nonexistence of voting rules that are usually hard to
manipulate},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {627-634},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Aggregating the preferences of self-interested agents is a
key problem for multiagent systems, and one general method
for doing so is to vote over the alternatives (candidates).
Unfortunately, the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem shows that
when there are three or more candidates, all reasonable
voting rules are manipulable (in the sense that there exist
situations in which a voter would benefit from reporting its
preferences insincerely). To circumvent this impossibility
result, recent research has investigated whether it is
possible to make finding a beneficial manipulation
computationally hard. This approach has had some limited
success, exhibiting rules under which the problem of finding
a beneficial manipulation is NP-hard, #P-hard, or even
PSPACE-hard. Thus, under these rules, it is unlikely that a
computationally efficient algorithm can be constructed that
always finds a beneficial manipulation (when it exists).
However, this still does not preclude the existence of an
efficient algorithm that often finds a successful
manipulation (when it exists). There have been attempts to
design a rule under which finding a beneficial manipulation
is usually hard, but they have failed. To explain this
failure, in this paper, we show that it is in fact
impossible to design such a rule, if the rule is also
required to satisfy another property: a large fraction of
the manipulable instances are both weakly monotone, and
allow the manipulators to make either of exactly two
candidates win. We argue why one should expect voting rules
to have this property, and show experimentally that common
voting rules clearly satisfy it. We also discuss approaches
for potentially circumventing this impossibility result.
Copyright © 2006, American Association for Artificial
Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236230}
}
@article{fds236231,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Davenport, A and Kalagitanam, J},
Title = {Improved bounds for computing kemeny rankings},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {620-626},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Voting (or rank aggregation) is a general method for
aggregating the preferences of multiple agents. One voting
rule of particular interest is the Kemeny rule, which
minimizes the number of cases where the final ranking
disagrees with a vote on the order of two alternatives.
Unfortunately, Kemeny rankings are NP-hard to compute.
Recent work on computing Kemeny rankings has focused on
producing good bounds to use in search-based methods. In
this paper, we extend on this work by providing various
improved bounding techniques. Some of these are based on
cycles in the pairwise majority graph, others are based on
linear programs. We completely characterize the relative
strength of all of these bounds and provide some
experimental results. Copyright © 2006, American
Association for Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All
rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236231}
}
@article{fds236232,
Author = {Ohta, N and Iwasaki, A and Yokoo, M and Maruono, K and Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {A compact representation scheme for coalitional games in
open anonymous environments},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {697-702},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is an important capability of automated
negotiation among self-interested agents. In order for
coalitions to be stable, a key question that must be
answered is how the gains from cooperation are to be
distributed. Recent research has revealed that traditional
solution concepts, such as the Shapley value, core, least
core, and nucleolus, are vulnerable to various manipulations
in open anonymous environments such as the Internet. These
manipulations include submitting false names, collusion, and
hiding some skills. To address this, a solution concept
called the anonymity-proof core, which is robust against
such manipulations, was developed. However, the
representation size of the outcome function in the
anonymity-proof core (and similar concepts) requires space
exponential in the number of agents/skills. This paper
proposes a compact representation of the outcome function,
given that the characteristic function is represented using
a recently introduced compact language that explicitly
specifies only coalitions that introduce synergy. This
compact representation scheme can successfully express the
outcome function in the anonymity-proof core. Furthermore,
this paper develops a new solution concept, the
anonymity-proof nucleolus, that is also expressible in this
compact representation. We show that the anonymity-proof
nucleolus always exists, is unique, and is in the
anonymity-proof core (if the latter is nonempty), and
assigns the same value to symmetric skills. Copyright ©
2006, American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236232}
}
@article{fds236227,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Garera, N},
Title = {Learning algorithms for online principal-agent problems (and
selling goods online)},
Journal = {ICML 2006 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference
on Machine Learning},
Volume = {2006},
Pages = {209-216},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {In a principal-agent problem, a principal seeks to motivate
an agent to take a certain action beneficial to the
principal, while spending as little as possible on the
reward. This is complicated by the fact that the principal
does not know the agent's utility function (or type). We
study the online setting where at each round, the principal
encounters a new agent, and the principal sets the rewards
anew. At the end of each round, the principal only finds out
the action that the agent took, but not his type. The
principal must learn how to set the rewards optimally. We
show that this setting generalizes the setting of selling a
digital good online. We study and experimentally compare
three main approaches to this problem. First, we show how to
apply a standard bandit algorithm to this setting. Second,
for the case where the distribution of agent types is fixed
(but unknown to the principal), we introduce a new gradient
ascent algorithm. Third, for the case where the distribution
of agents' types is fixed, and the principal has a prior
belief (distribution) over a limited class of type
distributions, we study a Bayesian approach.},
Key = {fds236227}
}
@article{fds236236,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of constructing solutions in the core based on
synergies among coalitions},
Journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
Volume = {170},
Number = {6-7},
Pages = {607-619},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0004-3702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2006.01.005},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key problem in automated
negotiation among self-interested agents, and other
multiagent applications. A coalition of agents can sometimes
accomplish things that the individual agents cannot, or can
accomplish them more efficiently. Motivating the agents to
abide by a solution requires careful analysis: only some of
the solutions are stable in the sense that no group of
agents is motivated to break off and form a new coalition.
This constraint has been studied extensively in cooperative
game theory: the set of solutions that satisfy it is known
as the core. The computational questions around the core
have received less attention. When it comes to coalition
formation among software agents (that represent real-world
parties), these questions become increasingly explicit. In
this paper we define a concise, natural, general
representation for games in characteristic form that relies
on superadditivity. In our representation, individual
agents' values are given as well as values for those
coalitions that introduce synergies. We show that this
representation allows for efficient checking of whether a
given outcome is in the core. We then show that determining
whether the core is nonempty is NP-complete both with and
without transferable utility. We demonstrate that what makes
the problem hard in both cases is determining the
collaborative possibilities (the set of outcomes possible
for the grand coalition); we do so by showing that if these
are given, the problem becomes solvable in time polynomial
in the size of the representation in both cases. However, we
then demonstrate that for a hybrid version of the problem,
where utility transfer is possible only within the grand
coalition, the problem remains NP-complete even when the
collaborative possibilities are given. Finally, we show that
for convex characteristic functions, a solution in the core
can be computed efficiently (in O(nl2) time, where n is the
number of agents and l is the number of synergies), even
when the collaborative possibilities are not given in
advance. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2006.01.005},
Key = {fds236236}
}
@article{fds236225,
Author = {Yokoo, M and Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T and Ohta, N and Iwasaki,
A},
Title = {A new solution concept for coalitional games in open
anonymous environments},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {4012 LNAI},
Pages = {53-64},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11780496_6},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key aspect of automated negotiation
among self-interested agents. In order for coalitions to be
stable, a key question that must be answered is how the
gains from cooperation are to be distributed. Various
solution concepts (such as the Shapley value, core, least
core, and nucleolus) have been proposed. In this paper, we
demonstrate how these concepts are vulnerable to various
kinds of manipulations in open anonymous environments such
as the Internet. These manipulations include submitting
false names (one acting as many), collusion (many acting as
one), and the hiding of skills. To address these threats, we
introduce a new solution concept called the anonymity-proof
core, which is robust to these manipulations. We show that
the anonymity-proof core is characterized by certain simple
axiomatic conditions. Furthermore, we show that by relaxing
these conditions, we obtain a concept called the least
anonymity-proof core, which is guaranteed to be non-empty.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/11780496_6},
Key = {fds236225}
}
@article{fds236228,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Computing the optimal strategy to commit
to},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {2006},
Pages = {82-90},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1134707.1134717},
Abstract = {In multiagent systems, strategic settings are often analyzed
under the assumption that the players choose their
strategies simultaneously. However, this model is not always
realistic. In many settings, one player is able to commit to
a strategy before the other player makes a decision. Such
models are synonymously referred to as leadership,
commitment, or Stackelberg models, and optimal play in such
models is often significantly different from optimal play in
the model where strategies are selected simultaneously. The
recent surge in interest in computing game-theoretic
solutions has so far ignored leadership models (with the
exception of the interest in mechanism design, where the
designer is implicitly in a leadership position). In this
paper, we study how to compute optimal strategies to commit
to under both commitment to pure strategies and commitment
to mixed strategies, in both normal-form and Bayesian games.
We give both positive results (efficient algorithms) and
negative results (NP-hardness results). Copyright 2006
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1134707.1134717},
Key = {fds236228}
}
@article{fds236216,
Author = {Yokoot, M and Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T and Ohta, N and Iwasaki,
A},
Title = {Coalitional games in open anonymous environments},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {509-514},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key aspect of automated negotiation
among self-interested agents. In order for coalitions to be
stable, a key question that must be answered is how the
gains from cooperation are to be distributed. Various
solution concepts (such as the Shapley value, core, least
core, and nucleolus) have been proposed. In this paper, we
demonstrate how these concepts are vulnerable to various
kinds of manipulations in open anonymous environments such
as the Internet. These manipulations include submitting
false names (one acting as many), collusion (many acting as
one), and the hiding of skills. To address these threats, we
introduce a new solution concept called the anonymity-proof
core, which is robust to these manipulations. We show that
the anonymity-proof core is characterized by certain simple
axiomatic conditions. Furthermore, we show that by relaxing
these conditions, we obtain a concept called the least
anonymity-proof core, which is guaranteed to be non-empty.
We also show that computational hardness of manipulation may
provide an alternative barrier to manipulation. Copyright ©
2005, American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236216}
}
@article{fds236217,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T and Santi, P},
Title = {Combinatorial auctions with k-wise dependent
valuations},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {248-254},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {We analyze the computational and communication complexity of
combinatorial auctions from a new perspective: the degree of
interdependency between the items for sale in the bidders'
preferences. Denoting by G k the class of valuations
displaying up to k-wise dependencies, we consider the
hierarchy G 1 ⊂ G 2 ⊂ ⋯ ⊂ G m, where m is the number
of items for sale. We show that the minimum non-trivial
degree of interdependency (2-wise dependency) is sufficient
to render NP-hard the problem of computing the optimal
allocation (but we also exhibit a restricted class of such
valuations for which computing the optimal allocation is
easy). On the other hand, bidders' preferences can be
communicated efficiently (i.e., exchanging a polynomial
amount of information) as long as the interdependencies
between items are limited to sets of cardinality up to k,
where k is an arbitrary constant. The amount of
communication required to transmit the bidders' preferences
becomes super-polynomial (under the assumption that only
value queries are allowed) when interdependencies occur
between sets of cardinality g(m), where g(m) is an arbitrary
function such that g(m) → ∞ as m → ∞. We also
consider approximate elicitation, in which the auctioneer
learns, asking polynomially many value queries, an
approximation of the bidders' actual preferences. Copyright
© 2005, American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236217}
}
@article{fds236218,
Author = {Conitzer, V},
Title = {Computational aspects of mechanism design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {1642-1643},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds236218}
}
@article{fds236219,
Author = {Sandholm, T and Gilpin, A and Conitzer, V},
Title = {Mixed-integer programming methods for finding Nash
equilibria},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {495-501},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {We present, to our knowledge, the first mixed integer
program (MIP) formulations for finding Nash equilibria in
games (specifically, two-player normal form games). We study
different design dimensions of search algorithms that are
based on those formulations. Our MIP Nash algorithm
outperforms Lemke-Howson but not Porter-Nudelman-Shoham
(PNS) on GAMUT data. We argue why experiments should also be
conducted on games with equilibria with medium-sized
supports only, and present a methodology for generating such
games. On such games MIP Nash drastically outperforms PNS
but not Lemke-Howson. Certain MIP Nash formulations also
yield anytime algorithms for ε-equilibrium, with provable
bounds. Another advantage of MIP Nash is that it can be used
to find an optimal equilibrium (according to various
objectives). The prior algorithms can be extended to that
setting, but they are orders of magnitude slower. Copyright
© 2005, American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236219}
}
@article{fds236220,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {A generalized strategy eliminability criterion and
computational methods for applying it},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {483-488},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {We define a generalized strategy eliminability criterion for
bimatrix games that considers whether a given strategy is
eliminable relative to given dominator & eliminee subsets of
the players' strategies. We show that this definition spans
a spectrum of eliminability criteria from strict dominance
(when the sets are as small as possible) to Nash equilibrium
(when the sets are as large as possible). We show that
checking whether a strategy is eliminable according to this
criterion is coNP-complete (both when all the sets are as
large as possible and when the dominator sets each have size
1). We then give an alternative definition of the
eliminability criterion and show that it is equivalent using
the Minimax Theorem. We show how this alternative definition
can be translated into a mixed integer program of polynomial
size with a number of (binary) integer variables equal to
the sum of the sizes of the eliminee sets, implying that
checking whether a strategy is eliminable according to the
criterion can be done in polynomial time, given that the
eliminee sets are small. Finally, we study using the
criterion for iterated elimination of strategies. Copyright
© 2005, American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236220}
}
@article{fds236221,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of (iterated) dominance},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {88-97},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064019},
Abstract = {We study various computational aspects of solving games
using dominance and iterated dominance. We first study both
strict and weak dominance (not iterated), and show that
checking whether a given strategy is dominated by some mixed
strategy can be done in polynomial time using a single
linear program solve. We then move on to iterated dominance.
We show that determining whether there is some path that
eliminates a given strategy is NP-complete with iterated
weak dominance. This allows us to also show that determining
whether there is a path that leads to a unique solution is
NP-complete. Both of these results hold both with and
without dominance by mixed strategies. (A weaker version of
the second result (only without dominance by mixed
strategies) was already known [7].) Iterated strict
dominance, on the other hand, is path-independent (both with
and without dominance by mixed strategies) and can therefore
be done in polynomial time. We then study what happens when
the dominating strategy is allowed to place positive
probability on only a few pure strategies. First, we show
that finding the dominating strategy with minimum support
size is NP-complete (both for strict and weak dominance).
Then, we show that iterated strict dominance becomes
path-dependent when there is a limit on the support size of
the dominating strategies, and that deciding whether a given
strategy can be eliminated by iterated strict dominance
under this restriction is NP-complete (even when the limit
on the support size is 3). Finally, we study Bayesian games.
We show that, unlike in normal form games, deciding whether
a given pure strategy is dominated by another pure strategy
in a Bayesian game is NP-complete (both with strict and weak
dominance); however, deciding whether a strategy is
dominated by some mixed strategy can still be done in
polynomial time with a single linear program solve (both
with strict and weak dominance). Finally, we show that
iterated dominance using pure strategies can require an
exponential number of iterations in a Bayesian game (both
with strict and weak dominance). Copyright 2005
ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1064009.1064019},
Key = {fds236221}
}
@article{fds236222,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Expressive negotiation in settings with externalities},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {255-260},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In recent years, certain formalizations of combinatorial
negotiation settings, most notably combinatorial auctions,
have become an important research topic in the AI community.
A pervasive assumption has been that of no externalities:
the agents deciding on a variable (such as whether a trade
takes place between them) are the only ones affected by how
this variable is set. To date, there has been no widely
studied formalization of combinatorial negotiation settings
with externalities. In this paper, we introduce such a
formalization. We show that in a number of key special
cases, it is NP-complete to find a feasible nontrivial
solution (and therefore the maximum social welfare is
completely inapproximable). However, for one important
special case, we give an algorithm which converges to the
solution with the maximal concession by each agent (in a
linear number of rounds for utility functions that decompose
into piecewise constant functions). Maximizing social
welfare, however, remains NP-complete even in this setting.
We also demonstrate a special case which can be solved in
polynomial time by linear programming. Copyright © 2005,
American Association for Artificial Intelligence
(www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.},
Key = {fds236222}
}
@article{fds236223,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Communication complexity of common voting
rules},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {78-87},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064018},
Abstract = {We determine the communication complexity of the common
voting rules. The rules (sorted by their communication
complexity from low to high) are plurality, plurality with
runoff, single transferable vote (STV), Condorcet, approval,
Bucklin, cup, maximin, Borda, Copeland, and ranked pairs.
For each rule, we first give a deterministic communication
protocol and an upper bound on the number of bits
communicated in it; then, we give a lower bound on (even the
nondeterministic) communication requirements of the voting
rule. The bounds match for all voting rules except STV and
maximin. Copyright 2005 ACM.},
Doi = {10.1145/1064009.1064018},
Key = {fds236223}
}
@article{fds236224,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Revenue failures and collusion in combinatorial auctions and
exchanges with VCG payments},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes
in Bioinformatics)},
Volume = {3435 LNAI},
Pages = {1-14},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
Abstract = {In a combinatorial auction, there are multiple items for
sale, and bidders are allowed to place a bid on a bundle of
these items rather than just on the individual items. A key
problem in this and similar settings is that of strategic
bidding, where bidders misreport their true preferences in
order to effect a better outcome for themselves. The VCG
payment scheme is the canonical method for motivating the
bidders to bid truthfully. We study two related problems
concerning the VCG payment scheme: the problem of revenue
guarantees, and that of collusion. The existence of such
problems is known by many; in this paper, we lay out their
full extent. We study four settings: combinatorial forward
auctions with free disposal, combinatorial reverse auctions
with free disposal, combinatorial forward (or reverse)
auctions without free disposal, and combinatorial exchanges.
In each setting, we give an example of how additional
bidders (colluders) can make the outcome much worse (less
revenue or higher cost) under the VCG payment scheme (but
not under a first price scheme); derive necessary and
sufficient conditions for such an effective collusion to be
possible under the VCG payment scheme; and (when nontrivial)
study the computational complexity of deciding whether these
conditions hold. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
2005.},
Key = {fds236224}
}
@article{fds236190,
Author = {Yokoo, M and Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T and Ohta, N and Iwasaki,
A},
Title = {Coalitional games in open anonymous environments},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {1668-1669},
Publisher = {Professional Book Center},
Editor = {Kaelbling, LP and Saffiotti, A},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {0938075934},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai2005.html},
Key = {fds236190}
}
@article{fds236226,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Common voting rules as maximum likelihood
estimators},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence, UAI 2005},
Pages = {145-152},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Voting is a very general method of preference aggregation. A
voting rule takes as input every voter's vote (typically, a
ranking of the alternatives), and produces as output either
just the winning alternative or a ranking of the
alternatives. One potential view of voting is the following.
There exists a "correct" outcome (winner/ranking), and each
voter's vote corresponds to a noisy perception of this
correct outcome. If we are given the noise model, then for
any vector of votes, we can compute the maximum likelihood
estimate of the correct outcome. This maximum likelihood
estimate constitutes a voting rule. In this paper, we ask
the following question: For which common voting rules does
there exist a noise model such that the rule is the maximum
likelihood estimate for that noise model? We require that
the votes are drawn independently given the correct outcome
(we show that without this restriction, all voting rules
have the property). We study the question both for the case
where outcomes are winners and for the case where outcomes
are rankings. In either case, only some of the common voting
rules have the property. Moreover, the sets of rules that
satisfy the property are incomparable between the two cases
(satisfying the property in the one case does not imply
satisfying it in the other case).},
Key = {fds236226}
}
@article{fds236215,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Computing shapley values, manipulating value division
schemes, and checking core membership in multi-issue
domains},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {219-225},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key problem in automated
negotiation among self-interested agents. In order for
coalition formation to be successful, a key question that
must be answered is how the gains from cooperation are to be
distributed. Various solution concepts have been proposed,
but the computational questions around these solution
concepts have received little attention. We study a concise
representation of characteristic functions which allows for
the agents to be concerned with a number of independent
issues that each coalition of agents can address. For
example, there may be a set of tasks that the
capacity-unconstrained agents could undertake, where
accomplishing a task generates a certain amount of value
(possibly depending on how well the task is accomplished).
Given this representation, we show how to quickly compute
the Shapley value-a seminal value division scheme that
distributes the gains from cooperation fairly in a certain
sense. We then show that in (distributed)
marginal-contribution based value division schemes, which
are known to be vulnerable to manipulation of the order in
which the agents are added to the coalition, this
manipulation is NP-complete. Thus, computational complexity
serves as a barrier to manipulating the joining order.
Finally, we show that given a value division, determining
whether some subcoalition has an incentive to break away (in
which case we say the division is not in the core) is
NP-complete. So, computational complexity serves to increase
the stability of the coalition.},
Key = {fds236215}
}
@article{fds236213,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Derryberry, J and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Combinatorial auctions with structured item
graphs},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {212-218},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Combinatorial auctions (CAs) are important mechanisms for
allocating interrelated items. Unfortunately, winner
determination is NP-complete unless there is special
structure. We study the setting where there is a graph (with
some desired property), with the items as vertices, and
every bid bids on a connected set of items. Two
computational problems arise: 1) clearing the auction when
given the item graph, and 2) constructing an item graph (if
one exists) with the desired property. 1 was previously
solved for the case of a tree or a cycle, and 2 for the case
of a line graph or a cycle. We generalize the first result
by showing that given an item graph with bounded treewidth,
the clearing problem can be solved in polynomial time (and
every CA instance has some treewidth; the complexity is
exponential in only that parameter). We then give an
algorithm for constructing an item tree (treewidth 1) if
such a tree exists, thus closing a recognized open problem.
We show why this algorithm does not work for treewidth
greater than 1, but leave open whether item graphs of (say)
treewidth 2 can be constructed in polynomial time. We show
that finding the item graph with the fewest edges is
NP-complete (even when a graph of treewidth 2 exists).
Finally, we study how the results change if a bid is allowed
to have more than one connected component. Even for line
graphs, we show that clearing is hard even with 2
components, and constructing the line graph is hard even
with 5.},
Key = {fds236213}
}
@article{fds236214,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Communication complexity as a lower bound for learning in
games},
Journal = {Proceedings, Twenty-First International Conference on
Machine Learning, ICML 2004},
Pages = {185-192},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {A fast-growing body of research in the AI and machine
learning communities addresses learning in games, where
there are multiple learners with different interests. This
research adds to more established research on learning in
games conducted in economics. In part because of a clash of
fields, there are widely varying requirements on learning
algorithms in this domain. The goal of this paper is to
demonstrate how communication complexity can be used as a
lower bound on the required learning time or cost. Because
this lower bound does not assume any requirements on the
learning algorithm, it is universal, applying under any set
of requirements on the learning algorithm. We characterize
exactly the communication complexity of various solution
concepts from game theory, namely Nash equilibrium, iterated
dominant strategies (both strict and weak), and backwards
induction. This gives the tighest lower bounds on learning
in games that can be obtained with this method.},
Key = {fds236214}
}
@article{fds236211,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {An algorithm for automatically designing deterministic
mechanisms without payments},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on
Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS
2004},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {128-135},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the
game so that a desirable outcome is reached even though the
agents in the game behave selfishly. This is a difficult
problem because the designer is uncertain about the agents'
preferences and the agents may lie about their preferences.
Traditionally, the focus in mechanism design has been on
designing mechanisms that are appropriate for a range of
settings. While this approach has produced a number of
famous mechanisms, much of the space of possible settings is
still left uncovered. In contrast, in automated mechanism
design (AMD), a mechanism is computed on the fly for the
setting at hand - a universally applicable approach. In this
paper we present (to our knowledge) the first algorithm
designed specifically for AMD. It is designed for the
special case where there is only one type-reporting agent,
the mechanism must be deterministic, and payments are not
possible. The algorithm relies on an association of a
particular (easy to compute) mechanism to each subset of
outcomes, and a proof that one such mechanism is an optimal
one-which allows us to reduce the search space to one of
size 2|O| We propose an admissible heuristic to use in
searching over this space, and show how it can be updated
efficiently from node to node. We show how to apply branch
and bound DPS as well as IDA* to this search space, and show
that this approach outperforms CPLEX8.0, a general-purpose
solver, solidly on unstructured instances, both with and
without an IR constraint. However, on our third type of
instance, a bartering problem, CPLEX almost achieves the
performance of our algorithm by exploiting the structure
inherent in the domain.},
Key = {fds236211}
}
@article{fds236206,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Computational criticisms of the revelation
principle},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {262-263},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/988772.988824},
Abstract = {Computational criticisms of the revelation principle were
presented. The revelation principle is a cornerstone tool in
mechanism design. It states that one can restrict attention,
without loss in the designer's objective, to mechanisms in
which the agents report their types completely. It is shown
that reasonable constraints on computation and communication
can invalidate the revelation principle.},
Doi = {10.1145/988772.988824},
Key = {fds236206}
}
@article{fds236208,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Expressive negotiation over donations to
charities},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {51-60},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/988772.988781},
Abstract = {When donating money to a (say, charitable) cause, it is
possible to use the contemplated donation as negotiating
material to induce other parties interested in the charity
to donate more. Such negotiation is usually done in terms of
matching offers, where one party promises to pay a certain
amount if others pay a certain amount. However, in their
current form, matching offers allow for only limited
negotiation. For one, it is not immediately clear how
multiple parties can make matching offers at the same time
without creating circular dependencies. Also, it is not
immediately clear how to make a donation conditional on
other donations to multiple charities, when the donator has
different levels of appreciation for the different
charities. In both these cases, the limited expressiveness
of matching offers causes economic loss: it may happen that
an arrangement that would have made all parties (donators as
well as charities) better off cannot be expressed in terms
of matching offers and will therefore not occur. In this
paper, we introduce a bidding language for expressing very
general types of matching offers over multiple charities. We
formulate the corresponding clearing problem (deciding how
much each bidder pays, and how much each charity receives),
and show that it is NP-complete to approximate to any ratio
even in very restricted settings. We give a mixed-integer
program formulation of the clearing problem, and show that
for concave bids, the program reduces to a linear program.
We then show that the clearing problem for a subclass of
concave bids is at least as hard as the decision variant of
linear programming. Subsequently, we show that the clearing
problem is much easier when bids are quasilinear-for
surplus, the problem decomposes across charities, and for
payment maximization, a greedy approach is optimal if the
bids are concave (although this latter problem is weakly
NP-complete when the bids are not concave). For the
quasilinear setting, we study the mechanism design question.
We show that an ex-post efficient mechanism is impossible
even with only one charity and a very restricted class of
bids. We also show that there may be benefits to linking the
charities from a mechanism design standpoint.},
Doi = {10.1145/988772.988781},
Key = {fds236208}
}
@article{fds236209,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Self-interested automated mechanism design and implications
for optimal combinatorial auctions},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {132-141},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/988772.988793},
Abstract = {Often, an outcome must be chosen on the basis of the
preferences reported by a group of agents. The key
difficulty is that the agents may report their preferences
insincerely to make the chosen outcome more favorable to
themselves. Mechanism design is the art of designing the
rules of the game so that the agents are motivated to report
their preferences truthfully, and a desirable outcome is
chosen. In a recently proposed approach - called automated
mechanism design - a mechanism is computed for the
preference aggregation setting at hand. This has several
advantages, but the downside is that the mechanism design
optimization problem needs to be solved anew each time.
Unlike the earlier work on automated mechanism design that
studied a benevolent designer, in this paper we study
automated mechanism design problems where the designer is
self-interested. In this case, the center cares only about
which outcome is chosen and what payments are made to it.
The reason that the agents' preferences are relevant is that
the center is constrained to making each agent at least as
well off as the agent would have been had it not
participated in the mechanism. In this setting, we show that
designing optimal deterministic mechanisms is NP-complete in
two important special cases: when the center is interested
only in the payments made to it, and when payments are not
possible and the center is interested only in the outcome
chosen. We then show how allowing for randomization in the
mechanism makes problems in this setting computationally
easy. Finally, we show that the payment-maximizing AMD
problem is closely related to an interesting variant of the
optimal (revenue-maximizing) combinatorial auction design
problem, where the bidders have "best-only" preferences. We
show that here, too, designing an optimal deterministic
auction is NP-complete, but designing an optimal randomized
auction is easy.},
Doi = {10.1145/988772.988793},
Key = {fds236209}
}
@article{fds236210,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Revenue failures and collusion in combinatorial auctions and
exchanges with VCG payments},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {266-267},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/988772.988826},
Abstract = {Various aspects of combinatorial auction were discussed.
Revenue failures and collusion in combinatorial auctions
were also described. In a combinatorial auction, there are
multiple items for sale and bidders are allowed to place a
bid on a bundle of these items. The VCG mechanism is the
canonical payment scheme for motivating the bidders to bid
truthfully in combinatorial auctions.},
Doi = {10.1145/988772.988826},
Key = {fds236210}
}
@article{fds236212,
Author = {Santi, P and Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Towards a characterization of polynomial preference
elicitation with value queries in combinatorial
auctions},
Journal = {Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (Subseries of
Lecture Notes in Computer Science)},
Volume = {3120},
Pages = {1-16},
Publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0302-9743},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27819-1_1},
Abstract = {Communication complexity has recently been recognized as a
major obstacle in the implementation of combinatorial
auctions. In this paper, we consider a setting in which the
auctioneer (elicitor), instead of passively waiting for the
bids presented by the bidders, elicits the bidders'
preferences (or valuations) by asking value queries. It is
known that in the more general case (no restrictions on the
bidders' preferences) this approach requires the exchange of
an exponential amount of information. However, in practical
economic scenarios we might expect that bidders' valuations
are somewhat structured. In this paper, we consider several
such scenarios, and we show that polynomial elicitation in
these cases is often sufficient. We also prove that the
family of "easy to elicit" classes of valuations is closed
under union. This suggests that efficient preference
elicitation is possible in a scenario in which the elicitor,
contrary to what it is commonly assumed in the literature on
preference elicitation, does not exactly know the class to
which the function to elicit belongs. Finally, we discuss
what renders a certain class of valuations "easy to elicit
with value queries".},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-27819-1_1},
Key = {fds236212}
}
@article{fds236202,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Automated mechanism design: Complexity results stemming from
the single-agent setting},
Journal = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {17-24},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/948005.948008},
Abstract = {The aggregation of conflicting preferences is a central
problem in multiagent systems. The key difficulty is that
the agents may report their preferences insincerely.
Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the
game so that the agents are motivated to report their
preferences truthfully and a (socially) desirable outcome is
chosen. We propose an approach where a mechanism is
automatically created for the preference aggregation setting
at hand. This has several advantages, but the downside is
that the mechanism design optimization problem needs to be
solved anew each time. Hence the computational complexity of
mechanism design becomes a key issue. In this paper we
analyze the single-agent mechanism design problem, whose
simplicity allows for elegant and generally applicable
results.We show that designing an optimal deterministic
mechanism that does not use payments is NP-complete even if
there is only one agent whose type is private information -
-even when the designer's objective is social welfare. We
show how this hardness result extends to settings with
multiple agents with private information. We then show that
if the mechanism is allowed to use randomization, the design
problem is solvable by linear programming (even for general
objectives) and hence in P. This generalizes to any fixed
number of agents. We then study settings where side payments
are possible and the agents' preferences are quasilinear. We
show that if the designer's objective is social welfare, an
optimal deterministic mechanism is easy to construct; in
fact, this mechanism is also ex post optimal. We then show
that designing an optimal deterministic mechanism with side
payments is NP-complete for general objectives, and this
hardness extends to settings with multiple agents. Finally,
we show that an optimal randomized mechanism can be designed
in polynomial time using linear programming even for general
objective functions. This again generalizes to any fixed
number of agents.},
Doi = {10.1145/948005.948008},
Key = {fds236202}
}
@article{fds236203,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of determining nonemptiness of the
core},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {613-618},
Publisher = {ACM},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {1-58113-679-X},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/sigecom/sigecom2003.html},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key problem in automated
negotiation among self-interested agents, and other
multiagent applications. A coalition of agents can sometimes
accomplish things that the individual agents cannot, or can
do things more efficiently. However, motivating the agents
to abide to a solution requires careful analysis: only some
of the solutions are stable in the sense that no group of
agents is motivated to break off and form a new coalition.
This constraint has been studied extensively in cooperative
game theory. However, the computational questions around
this constraint have received less attention. When it comes
to coalition formation among software agents (that represent
real-world parties), these questions become increasingly
explicit. In this paper we define a concise general
representation for games in characteristic form that relies
on superadditivity, and show that it allows for efficient
checking of whether a given outcome is in the core. We then
show that determining whether the core is nonempty is
NP-complete both with and without transferable utility. We
demonstrate that what makes the problem hard in both cases
is determining the collaborative possibilities (the set of
outcomes possible for the grand coalition), by showing that
if these are given, the problem becomes tractable in both
cases. However, we then demonstrate that for a hybrid
version of the problem, where utility transfer is possible
only within the grand coalition, the problem remains NP
complete even when the collaborative possibilities are
given.},
Doi = {10.1145/779928.779973},
Key = {fds236203}
}
@article{fds236204,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {BL-WoLF: A Framework For Loss-Bounded Learnability In
Zero-Sum Games},
Journal = {Proceedings, Twentieth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {91-98},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Fawcett, T and Mishra, N},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {1-57735-189-4},
Abstract = {We present BL-WoLF, a framework for learnability in repeated
zero-sum games where the cost of learning is measured by the
losses the learning agent accrues (rather than the number of
rounds). The game is adversarially chosen from some family
that the learner knows. The opponent knows the game and the
learner's learning strategy. The learner tries to either not
accrue losses, or to quickly learn about the game so as to
avoid future losses (this is consistent with the Win or
Learn Fast (WoLF) principle; BL stands for "bounded loss").
Our framework allows for both probabilistic and approximate
learning. The resultant notion of BL-WoLF-learnability can
be applied to any class of games, and allows us to measure
the inherent disadvantage to a player that does not know
which game in the class it is in. We present guaranteed
BL-WoLF-learnability results for families of games with
deterministic payoffs and families of games with stochastic
payoffs. We demonstrate that these families are guaranteed
approximately BL-WoLF-learnable with lower cost. We then
demonstrate families of games (both stochastic and
deterministic) that are not guaranteed BL-WoLF-learnable. We
show that those families, nevertheless, are
BL-WoLF-learnable. To prove these results, we use a key
lemma which we derive.},
Key = {fds236204}
}
@article{fds236205,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {AWESOME: A General Multiagent Learning Algorithm that
Converges in Self-Play and Learns a Best Response Against
Stationary Opponents},
Journal = {Proceedings, Twentieth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {83-90},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Fawcett, T and Mishra, N},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {1-57735-189-4},
Abstract = {A satisfactory multiagent learning algorithm should, at a
minimum, learn to play optimally against stationary
opponents and converge to a Nash equilibrium in self-play.
The algorithm that has come closest, WoLF-IGA, has been
proven to have these two properties in 2-player 2-action
repeated games - assuming that the opponent's (mixed)
strategy is observable. In this paper we present AWESOME,
the first algorithm that is guaranteed to have these two
properties in all repeated (finite) games. It requires only
that the other players' actual actions (not their
strategies) can be observed at each step. It also learns to
play optimally against opponents that eventually become
stationary. The basic idea behind AWESOME (Adapt When
Everybody is Stationary, Otherwise Move to Equilibrium) is
to try to adapt to the others' strategies when they appear
stationary, but otherwise to retreat to a precomputed
equilibrium strategy. The techniques used to prove the
properties of AWESOME are fundamentally different from those
used for previous algorithms, and may help in analyzing
other multiagent learning algorithms also.},
Key = {fds236205}
}
@article{fds236207,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Automated Mechanism Design: Complexity Results Stemming from
the Single-Agent Setting},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {17-24},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/948005.948008},
Abstract = {The aggregation of conflicting preferences is a central
problem in multiagent systems. The key difficulty is that
the agents may report their preferences insincerely.
Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the
game so that the agents are motivated to report their
preferences truthfully and a (socially) desirable outcome is
chosen. We propose an approach where a mechanism is
automatically created for the preference aggregation setting
at hand. This has several advantages, but the downside is
that the mechanism design optimization problem needs to be
solved anew each time. Hence the computational complexity of
mechanism design becomes a key issue. In this paper we
analyze the single-agent mechanism design problem, whose
simplicity allows for elegant and generally applicable
results. We show that designing an optimal deterministic
mechanism that does not use payments is script N sign
℘-complete even if there is only one agent whose type is
private information - even when the designer's objective is
social welfare. We show how this hardness result extends to
settings with multiple agents with private information. We
then show that if the mechanism is allowed to use
randomization, the design problem is solvable by linear
programming (even for general objectives) and hence in ℘.
This generalizes to any fixed number of agents. We then
study settings where side payments are possible and the
agents' preferences are quasilinear. We show that if the
designer's objective is social welfare, an optimal
deterministic mechanism is easy to construct; in fact, this
mechanism is also ex post optimal. We then show that
designing an optimal deterministic mechanism with side
payments is script N sign ℘-complete for general
objectives, and this hardness extends to settings with
multiple agents. Finally, we show that an optimal randomized
mechanism can be designed in polynomial time using linear
programming even for general objective functions. This again
generalizes to any fixed number of agents.},
Doi = {10.1145/948005.948008},
Key = {fds236207}
}
@article{fds303205,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Universal voting protocol tweaks to make manipulation
hard},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {781-788},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Gottlob, G and Walsh, T},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0307018v1},
Abstract = {Voting is a general method for preference aggregation in
multiagent settings, but seminal results have shown that all
(nondictatorial) voting protocols are manipulable. One could
try to avoid manipulation by using voting protocols where
determining a beneficial manipulation is hard
computationally. A number of recent papers study the
complexity of manipulating existing protocols. This paper is
the first work to take the next step of designing new
protocols that are especially hard to manipulate. Rather
than designing these new protocols from scratch, we instead
show how to tweak existing protocols to make manipulation
hard, while leaving much of the original nature of the
protocol intact. The tweak studied consists of adding one
elimination preround to the election. Surprisingly, this
extremely simple and universal tweak makes typical protocols
hard to manipulate! The protocols become NP-hard, #P-hard,
or PSPACE-hard to manipulate, depending on whether the
schedule of the preround is determined before the votes are
collected, after the votes are collected, or the scheduling
and the vote collecting are interleaved, respectively. We
prove general sufficient conditions on the protocols for
this tweak to introduce the hardness, and show that the most
common voting protocols satisfy those conditions. These are
the first results in voting settings where manipulation is
in a higher complexity class than NP (presuming PSPACE ≠
NP).},
Key = {fds303205}
}
@article{fds303206,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Definition and complexity of some basic metareasoning
problems},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {1099-1106},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Gottlob, G and Walsh, T},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0307017v1},
Abstract = {In most real-world settings, due to limited time or other
resources, an agent cannot perform all potentially useful
deliberation and information gathering actions. This leads
to the metareasoning problem of selecting such actions.
Decision-theoretic methods for metareasoning have been
studied in AI, but there are few theoretical results on the
complexity of metareasoning. We derive hardness results for
three settings which most real metareasoning systems would
have to encompass as special cases. In the first, the agent
has to decide how to allocate its deliberation time across
anytime algorithms running on different problem instances.
We show this to be ATP-complete. In the second, the agent
has to (dynamically) allocate its deliberation or
information gathering resources across multiple actions that
it has to choose among. We show this to be AfP-hard even
when evaluating each individual action is extremely simple.
In the third, the agent has to (dynamically) choose a
limited number of deliberation or information gathering
actions to disambiguate the state of the world. We show that
this is AfP-hard under a natural restriction, and
PSPACE-hard in general.},
Key = {fds303206}
}
@article{fds303207,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity results about Nash equilibria},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {cs.GT/0205074},
Pages = {765-771},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0205074v1},
Abstract = {Noncooperative game theory provides a normative framework
for analyzing strategic interactions. However, for the
toolbox to be operational, the solutions it defines will
have to be computed. In this paper, we provide a single
reduction that 1) demonstrates NP-hardness of determining
whether Nash equilibria with certain natural properties
exist, and 2) demonstrates the #P-hardness of counting Nash
equilibria (or connected sets of Nash equilibria). We also
show that 3) determining whether a pure-strategy Bayes-Nash
equilibrium exists is NP-hard, and that 4) determining
whether a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium exists in a
stochastic (Markov) game is PSP ACE-hard even if the game is
invisible (this remains NP-hard if the game is finite). All
of our hardness results hold even if there are only two
players and the game is symmetric.},
Key = {fds303207}
}
@article{fds236201,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Automated mechanism design for a self-interested
designer},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {232-233},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/779950.779974},
Abstract = {Often, an outcome must be chosen on the basis of the
preferences reported by a group of agents. The key
difficulty is that the agents may report their preferences
insincerely to make the chosen outcome more favorable to
themselves. Mechanism design is the art of designing the
rules of the game so that the agents are motivated to report
their preferences truthfully, and a desirable outcome is
chosen. We recently proposed an approach-called automated
mechanism design-where a mechanism is computed for the
preference aggregation setting at hand. This has several
advantages, but the downside is that the mechanism design
optimization problem needs to be solved anew each time.
Unlike the earlier work on automated mechanism design that
studied a benevolent designer, in this paper we study
automated mechanism design problems where the designer is
self-interested. In this case, the center cares only about
which outcome is chosen and what payments are made to it.
The reason that the agents' preferences are relevant is that
the center is constrained to making each agent at least as
well off as the agent would have been had it not
participated in the mechanism. In this setting, we show that
designing optimal deterministic mechanisms is NP-complete in
two important special cases: when the center is interested
only in the payments made to it, and when payments are not
possible and the center is interested only in the outcome
chosen. We then show how allowing for randomization in the
mechanism makes problems in this setting computationally
easy.},
Doi = {10.1145/779950.779974},
Key = {fds236201}
}
@article{fds376366,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of determining nonemptiness of the
core},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {230-231},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/779950.779973},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key problem in automated
negotiation among self-interested agents, and other
electronic commerce applications. A coalition of agents can
sometimes accomplish things that the individual agents
cannot, or can do things more efficiently. However,
motivating the agents to abide to a solution requires
careful analysis: only some of the solutions are stable in
the sense that no group of agents is motivated to break off
and form a new coalition. This constraint has been studied
extensively in cooperative game theory. However, the
computational questions around this constraint have received
less attention. When it comes to coalition formation among
software agents (that represent real-world parties), these
questions become increasingly explicit. In this paper we
define a concise general representation for games in
characteristic form that relies on superadditivity, and show
that it allows for efficient checking of whether a given
outcome is in the core. We then show that determining
whether the core is nonempty is NP-complete both with and
without transferable utility. We demonstrate that what makes
the problem hard in both cases is determining the
collaborative possibilities (the set of outcomes possible
for the grand coalition), by showing that if these are
given, the problem becomes tractable in both cases. However,
we then demonstrate that for a hybrid version of the
problem, where utility transfer is possible only within the
grand coalition, the problem remains NP-complete even when
the collaborative possibilities are given.},
Doi = {10.1145/779950.779973},
Key = {fds376366}
}
@article{fds236197,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of determining nonemptiness of the
core},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {613-618},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Gottlob, G and Walsh, T},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {1-58113-679-X},
url = {http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/publishers/mkp.html},
Abstract = {Coalition formation is a key problem in automated
negotiation among self-interested agents, and other
multiagent applications. A coalition of agents can sometimes
accomplish things that the individual agents cannot, or can
do things more efficiently. However, motivating the agents
to abide to a solution requires careful analysis: only some
of the solutions are stable in the sense that no group of
agents is motivated to break off and form a new coalition.
This constraint has been studied extensively in cooperative
game theory. However, the computational questions around
this constraint have received less attention. When it comes
to coalition formation among software agents (that represent
real-world parties), these questions become increasingly
explicit. In this paper we define a concise general
representation for games in characteristic form that relies
on superadditivity, and show that it allows for efficient
checking of whether a given outcome is in the core. We then
show that determining whether the core is nonempty is
NP-complete both with and without transferable utility. We
demonstrate that what makes the problem hard in both cases
is determining the collaborative possibilities (the set of
outcomes possible for the grand coalition), by showing that
if these are given, the problem becomes tractable in both
cases. However, we then demonstrate that for a hybrid
version of the problem, where utility transfer is possible
only within the grand coalition, the problem remains NP
complete even when the collaborative possibilities are
given.},
Doi = {10.1145/779950.779973},
Key = {fds236197}
}
@article{fds335342,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {AWESOME: A General Multiagent Learning Algorithm that
Converges in Self-Play and Learns a Best Response Against
Stationary Opponents.},
Journal = {ICML},
Pages = {83-90},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Fawcett, T and Mishra, N},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {1-57735-189-4},
Key = {fds335342}
}
@article{fds335344,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Universal Voting Protocol Tweaks to Make Manipulation
Hard.},
Journal = {IJCAI},
Pages = {781-788},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Gottlob, G and Walsh, T},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds335344}
}
@article{fds335343,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Definition and Complexity of Some Basic Metareasoning
Problems.},
Journal = {IJCAI},
Pages = {1099-1106},
Publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
Editor = {Gottlob, G and Walsh, T},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds335343}
}
@article{fds325631,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Lang, J and Sandholm, T},
Title = {How many candidates are needed to make elections hard to
manipulate?},
Journal = {TARK},
Pages = {201-214},
Publisher = {ACM},
Editor = {Halpern, JY and Tennenholtz, M},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {1-58113-731-1},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/846241.846268},
Abstract = {In multiagent settings where the agents have different
preferences, preference aggregation is a central issue.
Voting is a general method for preference aggregation, but
seminal results have shown that all general voting protocols
are manipulable. One could try to avoid manipulation by
using voting protocols where determining a beneficial
manipulation is hard computationally. The complexity of
manipulating realistic elections where the number of
candidates is a small constant was recently studied [4], but
the emphasis was on the question of whether or not a
protocol becomes hard to manipulate for some constant number
of candidates. That work, in many cases, left open the
question: How many candidates are needed to make elections
hard to manipulate? This is a crucial question when
comparing the relative manipulability of different voting
protocols. In this paper we answer that question for the
voting protocols of the earlier study: plurality, Borda,
STV, Copeland, maximin, regular cup, and randomized cup. We
also answer that question for two voting protocols for which
no results on the complexity of manipulation have been
derived before: veto and plurality with runoff. It turns out
that the voting protocols under study become hard to
manipulate at 3 candidates, 4 candidates, 7 candidates, or
never.},
Doi = {10.1145/846241.846268},
Key = {fds325631}
}
@article{fds340692,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {BL-WoLF: A Framework For Loss-Bounded Learnability In
Zero-Sum Games.},
Journal = {ICML},
Pages = {91-98},
Publisher = {AAAI Press},
Editor = {Fawcett, T and Mishra, N},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {1-57735-189-4},
Key = {fds340692}
}
@article{fds236302,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Vote elicitation: Complexity and strategy-proofness},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {392-397},
Publisher = {AAAI Press / The MIT Press},
Editor = {Dechter, R and Kearns, MJ and Sutton, RS},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Preference elicitation is a central problem in AI, and has
received significant attention in single-agent settings. It
is also a key problem in multiagent systems, but has
received little attention here so far. In this setting, the
agents may have different preferences that often must be
aggregated using voting. This leads to interesting issues
because what, if any, information should be elicited from an
agent depends on what other agents have revealed about their
preferences so far. In this paper we study effective
elicitation, and its impediments, for the most common voting
protocols. It turns out that in the Single Transferable Vote
protocol, even knowing when to terminate elicitation is N
P-complete, while this is easy for all the other protocols
under study. Even for these protocols, determining how to
elicit effectively is N P-complete, even with perfect
suspicions about how the agents will vote. The exception is
the Plurality protocol where such effective elicitation is
easy. We also show that elicitation introduces additional
opportunities for strategic manipulation by the voters. We
demonstrate how to curtail the space of elicitation schemes
so that no such additional strategic issues
arise.},
Key = {fds236302}
}
@article{fds236303,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of manipulating elections with few
candidates},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Pages = {314-319},
Publisher = {AAAI Press / The MIT Press},
Editor = {Dechter, R and Kearns, MJ and Sutton, RS},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In multiagent settings where the agents have different
preferences, preference aggregation is a central issue.
Voting is a general method for preference aggregation, but
seminal results have shown that all general voting protocols
are manipulable. One could try to avoid manipulation by
using protocols where determining a beneficial manipulation
is hard. Especially among computational agents, it is
reasonable to measure this hardness by computational
complexity. Some earlier work has been done in this area,
but it was assumed that the number of voters and candidates
is unbounded. We derive hardness results for the more common
setting where the number of candidates is small but the
number of voters can be large. We show that with complete
information about the others' votes, individual manipulation
is easy, and coalitional manipulation is easy with
unweighted voters. However, constructive coalitional
manipulation with weighted voters is intractable for all of
the voting protocols under study, except in the Cup
protocol. Destructive manipulation tends to be easier,
except in the Single Transferable Vote protocol. Randomizing
over instantiations of the protocols (such as schedules of a
Cup) can be used to make manipulation hard. Finally, we show
that under weak assumptions, if weighted coalitional
manipulation with complete information about the others'
votes is hard in some voting protocol, then individual and
unweighted manipulation is hard when there is uncertainty
about the others' votes.},
Key = {fds236303}
}
@article{fds362594,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of Mechanism Design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence (UAI-02), Edmonton, Canada,
2002},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {The aggregation of conflicting preferences is a central
problem in multiagent systems. The key difficulty is that
the agents may report their preferences insincerely.
Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the
game so that the agents are motivated to report their
preferences truthfully and a (socially) desirable outcome is
chosen. We propose an approach where a mechanism is
automatically created for the preference aggregation setting
at hand. This has several advantages, but the downside is
that the mechanism design optimization problem needs to be
solved anew each time. Focusing on settings where side
payments are not possible, we show that the mechanism design
problem is NP-complete for deterministic mechanisms. This
holds both for dominant-strategy implementation and for
Bayes-Nash implementation. We then show that if we allow
randomized mechanisms, the mechanism design problem becomes
tractable. In other words, the coordinator can tackle the
computational complexity introduced by its uncertainty about
the agents' preferences by making the agents face additional
uncertainty. This comes at no loss, and in some cases at a
gain, in the (social) objective.},
Key = {fds362594}
}
@article{fds335346,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity Results about Nash Equilibria},
Journal = {CoRR},
Volume = {cs.GT/0205074},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds335346}
}
@article{fds335345,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Vote Elicitation: Complexity and Strategy-Proofness.},
Journal = {AAAI/IAAI},
Pages = {392-397},
Publisher = {AAAI Press / The MIT Press},
Editor = {Dechter, R and Kearns, MJ and Sutton, RS},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds335345}
}
@article{fds340693,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Sandholm, T},
Title = {Complexity of Manipulating Elections with Few
Candidates.},
Journal = {AAAI/IAAI},
Pages = {314-319},
Publisher = {AAAI Press / The MIT Press},
Editor = {Dechter, R and Kearns, MJ and Sutton, RS},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds340693}
}
@article{fds325373,
Author = {Hough, JF},
Title = {Editor's Introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Soviet Nationalities},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-13},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90044-T},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(90)90044-T},
Key = {fds325373}
}
@article{fds325883,
Author = {Campbell, JY and Melino, A},
Title = {Editors' introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-5},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90091-7},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(90)90091-7},
Key = {fds325883}
}
%% Connolly, Michelle P.
@article{fds341976,
Author = {Sá, N and Connolly, MP},
Title = {An Economic Model of Tiered Spectrum Access},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds341976}
}
@article{fds341977,
Author = {Connolly, M and Lim, E and Mitchell, F and Trivedi,
A},
Title = {The 2016 FCC Broadcast Incentive Auction},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds341977}
}
@article{fds341978,
Author = {Connolly, M and Sá, N and Zaman, A and Roark, C and Trivedi,
A},
Title = {The Evolution of U.S. Spectrum Values Over
Time},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds341978}
}
@article{fds341979,
Author = {Connolly, MP and Sá, N and Zaman, A and Roark, C and Trivedi,
A},
Title = {The Evolution of U.S. Spectrum Values Over
Time},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {247},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds341979}
}
@article{fds341980,
Author = {Jamison, MA and Connolly, MP and Faulhaber, GR and Hauge, JA and Prieger, JE},
Title = {Economic Scholars' Summary of Economic Literature Regarding
Title II Regulation of the Internet},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds341980}
}
@article{fds326427,
Author = {Connolly, M and Lee, C and Tan, R},
Title = {The Digital Divide and Other Economic Considerations for
Network Neutrality},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {537-554},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-016-9554-8},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-016-9554-8},
Key = {fds326427}
}
@article{fds238071,
Author = {Connolly, M and Yi, K-M},
Title = {How Much of South Korea's Growth Miracle can be Explained by
Trade Policy?},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {188-221},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1945-7715},
url = {https://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/mac.20120197},
Abstract = {This paper assesses the importance of trade policy reforms
in South Korea, as well as the General Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade (GAT T) tariff reductions, in explaining Korea's
growth miracle. We develop a model of neoclassical growth
and trade in which lower tariffs lead to increased gross
domestic product (GDP) per worker via comparative advantage
and specialization, and capital accumulation. We calibrate
the model and simulate the tariff reductions that occurred
between early 1962 and 1989. The model can explain 17
percent of South Korea's catch-up to the G7 countries in
value- added per worker in the manufacturing sector. These
gains, as well as most of the welfare gains, are driven by
two key transmission channels: multistage production and
imported investment goods.},
Doi = {10.1257/mac.20120197},
Key = {fds238071}
}
@article{fds238067,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Dowd, JE and Connolly, MP and Thompson, RJ and Reynolds,
JA},
Title = {Improved Reasoning in Undergraduate Writing through
Structured Workshops},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Education},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-27},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://getitatduke.library.duke.edu/?issn=0022-0485&id=doi:10.1080/00220485.2014.978924&spage=14&volume=46&issue=1&date=2015},
Abstract = {© 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. The Department of
Economics at Duke University has endeavored to increase
participation in undergraduate honors thesis research while
ensuring a high-quality learning experience. Given the
faculty-to-student ratio in the department (approximately
1:16), increasing research participation required the
creation of a stable, replicable framework for mentoring
students through research. The department aimed to make the
research experience more consistent and interactive so that
students also learned from each other in a group setting.
Here, the authors assess the relationship between changes in
mentoring support of honors research and students scientific
reasoning and writing skills reflected in their
undergraduate theses. They find that students who
participated in structured courses designed to support and
enhance their research exhibited the strongest learning
outcomes, as measured by systematic writing
assessment.},
Doi = {10.1080/00220485.2014.978924},
Key = {fds238067}
}
@article{fds238068,
Author = {Connolly, M},
Title = {The 80th Anniversary of the 1934 Communications Act and the
Inception of the Federal Communications Commission},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {201-202},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Editor = {Michelle Connolly and Lawrence White},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://link.springer.com/journal/11151/45/3?wt_mc=alerts.TOCjournals},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-014-9440-1},
Key = {fds238068}
}
@article{fds238069,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Connolly, M and Prieger, JE},
Title = {A basic analysis of entry and exit in the US broadband
market, 2005-2008},
Journal = {Review of Network Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {229-270},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2194-5993},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rne-2013-0001},
Abstract = {We conduct a basic analysis of entry and exit in the US
broadband market, using a complete FCC census of providers
from 2005 to 2008. There is a tremendous amount of
(simultaneous) entry and exit in the US broadband market.
Most entry is from existing providers expanding into new
geographic areas. Entry and exit vary widely across the
various modes of provision, which argues against treating
broadband as a homogenous service in theoretical or
empirical work. The highest entry rates also generally have
the highest entrant shares. Entry rates display positive
autocorrelation, and the same is true for exit. There is
also positive correlation between the entry and exit rates
at various leads and lags, suggesting that there are
systematic differences among the broadband types in the
height of entry and exit barriers. We discuss some
implications these results may have for both policy purposes
and future work in the broadband market.},
Doi = {10.1515/rne-2013-0001},
Key = {fds238069}
}
@misc{fds325924,
Author = {Connolly, MP},
Title = {Proposed FCC Incentive Spectrum Auctions: The Importance of
Re-optimizing Spectrum Use},
Booktitle = {Communications Law and Policy in the Digital Age: The Next
Five Years.},
Publisher = {Randolf},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds325924}
}
@article{fds238072,
Author = {Michelle Connolly},
Title = {"The Race between Education and Technology" by Claudia
Goldin and Lawrence Katz},
Journal = {Economic History Review},
Volume = {63},
Number = {3},
Pages = {840-841},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2010.00537_29.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0289.2010.00537_29.x},
Key = {fds238072}
}
@article{fds238073,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Connolly, M and Prieger, J},
Title = {Economics at the FCC, 2008-2009: Broadband and merger
review},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {387-417},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-009-9228-x},
Abstract = {This article focuses on the topic of the National Broadband
Plan, which the FCC is mandated to provide to Congress
February 17, 2010, the FCC Merger Review process, and the
determination of optimal penalties for violations of FCC
rules or orders. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-009-9228-x},
Key = {fds238073}
}
@article{fds238074,
Author = {Sá, N and Connolly, M and Peretto, P},
Title = {Sustaining the goose that lays the golden egg: A continuous
treatment of technological transfer},
Journal = {Scottish Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {492-507},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0036-9292},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2009.00495.x},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a simple model of the trade-offs
perceived by innovating firms when investing in countries
with limited intellectual property rights (IPR). The model
allows for a continuous treatment of technology transfer and
production cost gains occurring through FDI. While it does
not consider possible changes in rates of innovation caused
by changes in IPR in developing countries, it allows one to
uncover a potentially non-monotonic relationship between
welfare and IPR in the recipient country. © 2009 The
Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Scottish Economic
Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9485.2009.00495.x},
Key = {fds238074}
}
@article{fds238076,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Peretto, PF and Connolly, M},
Title = {The Manhattan metaphor},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {329-350},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1381-4338},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~connolly/ManhattanMetaphor.pdf},
Abstract = {Fixed operating costs draw a sharp distinction between
endogenous growth based on horizontal and vertical
innovation: a larger number of product lines puts pressure
on an economy's resources; greater productivity of existing
product lines does not. Consequently, the only plausible
engine of endogenous growth is vertical innovation whereby
progress along the quality or cost ladder does not require
the replication of fixed costs. Is, then, product variety
expansion irrelevant? No. The two dimensions of technology
are complementary in that using one and the other produces a
more comprehensive theory of economic growth. The vertical
dimension allows endogenous growth unconstrained by
endowments, the horizontal provides the mechanism that
translates changes in aggregate variables into changes in
product-level variables, which ultimately drive incentives
to push the technological frontier in the vertical
dimension. We show that the potential for exponential growth
due to an externality that makes entry costs fall linearly
with the number of products, combined with the limited
carrying capacity of the system due to fixed operating
costs, yields logistic dynamics for the number of products.
This desirable property allows us to provide a closed-form
solution for the model's transition path and thereby derive
analytically the welfare effects of changes in parameters
and policy variables. Our Manhattan Metaphor illustrates
conceptually why we obtain this mathematical representation
when we simply add fixed operating costs to the standard
modeling of variety expansion. © Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC 2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10887-007-9023-1},
Key = {fds238076}
}
@article{fds238075,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Connolly, M and Kwerel, E},
Title = {Economics at the federal communications commission:
2006-2007},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-120},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-007-9149-5},
Abstract = {This article focuses on media ownership and spectrum auction
design. These two issues have not only been particularly
important at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
over the last year, but also are being informed by economic
analysis either completed at the FCC or commissioned by the
FCC. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-007-9149-5},
Key = {fds238075}
}
@article{fds238077,
Author = {Connolly, MP},
Title = {Review of "Intellectual Property and Development" ed. Fink
and Maskus},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {June 2006},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds238077}
}
@article{fds238079,
Author = {Connolly, M and Valderrama, D},
Title = {Implications of intellectual property rights for dynamic
gains from trade},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {318-322},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~connolly/connollyipr.pdf},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774670022},
Key = {fds238079}
}
@article{fds320579,
Author = {Connolly, MP and Valderrama, D},
Title = {North-South Technological Diffusion and Dynamic Gains from
Trade},
Publisher = {FRB San Francisco},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper revisits the question of gains from trade in a
dynamic setting from the perspective of an R&D based growth
model of technological diffusion. The transition paths, as
well as steady-state growth paths, are analyzed for a
developed and a developing nation trading in intermediate
and final goods. Static computable general equilibrium (CGE)
models have yielded only small welfare gain estimates
(.5-1%) for trade liberalization. Dynamic models have
increased these estimates (up to 10%), but often ignore
feedback effects caused by technological diffusion and
generally consider only steady-state welfare effects. These
feedback effects are especially important due to the long
transition paths they induce for both countries. This paper
studies the transitional dynamics in a quality ladder model
of endogenous growth in which North-South trade leads to
technological diffusion through reverse engineering of
intermediate goods. The concept of learning-to-learn is
incorporated into both imitative and innovative processes,
which in turn drive domestic technological progress.
International trade with imitation leads to feedback effects
between Southern imitators and Northern innovators who
compete for the world market. Consequently, both regions
face transition paths dependent on their relative
technologies. When the South liberalizes its trade, world
growth increases, leading to welfare gains of 5% for the
South. While the North also experiences steady-state welfare
gains, the transition costs borne by the North during the
long transition lead to an overall loss in Northern welfare.
Still, this loss is attributable to the lack of intellectual
property rights (IPRs) rather than trade per se.
Interestingly, imposition of IPRs not only leads to an
overall welfare gain for the North, but also further boosts
Southern welfare gains up to 16%, again because of the
feedback effects in technology.},
Key = {fds320579}
}
@article{fds238070,
Author = {Connolly, M},
Title = {Human capital and growth in the postbellum South: A separate
but unequal story},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {363-399},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Editor = {Gavin Wright},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~connolly/humk.pdf},
Abstract = {This article tests the importance of human capital in
explaining convergence across the states from 1880 to 1950.
Human capital matters to a state's income level and to its
growth rate through technological diffusion. The South,
whose overwhelmingly agricultural society relied more
heavily on work experience than formal education, and whose
racial discrimination in school resource allocation lowered
human capital accumulation of both blacks and whites,
presents a unique pattern. The South's low human capital
levels following the Civil War and its active postbellum
resistance to education reduced its speed of conditional
convergence toward the rest of the nation. © The Economic
History Association. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0022050704002736},
Key = {fds238070}
}
@article{fds238078,
Author = {Connolly, M and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Industry and the family: Two engines of growth},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-148},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~connolly/fert.PDF},
Abstract = {We generalize the class of endogenous growth models in which
the scale of the economy has level rather than growth
effects, and study the implications of different demographic
and technological factors when both fertility choice and
research effort are endogenous. The model incorporates two
dimensions of technological progress: vertical (quality of
goods) and horizontal (variety of goods). Both dimensions
contribute to productivity growth but are driven by
different processes and hence respond differently to changes
in fundamentals. Specifically, while unbounded vertical
progress is feasible, the scale of the economy limits the
variety of goods. Incorporating a linearity in reproduction
generates steady-state population growth and variety
expansion. We thus have two engines of growth generating
dynamics that we compare with observed changes in
demographics, market structure, and patterns of growth.
Numerical solutions yield the important insight that, while
endogenous, fertility responds very little to industrial
policies. Demographic shocks, in contrast, have substantial
effects on growth. © 2003 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1022864901652},
Key = {fds238078}
}
@article{fds238081,
Author = {Connolly, M},
Title = {The dual nature of trade: Measuring its impact on imitation
and growth},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {72},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-55},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~connolly/imit.PDF},
Abstract = {Imports embodying foreign technology raise output directly
as inputs into production and indirectly through reverse
engineering. This paper quantifies spillovers from high
technology imports to domestic imitation and innovation in
developed and developing countries. It then considers the
contribution of foreign and domestic innovation to growth in
per capita GDP. Patent data from 1965 to 1990 for 75
countries are used to create proxies for imitation and
innovation. High technology imports positively affect
domestic imitation and innovation. Moreover, their role is
greater in developing nations. Finally, foreign technology
embodied in imports plays a greater role in growth than
domestic technology. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-3878(03)00067-1},
Key = {fds238081}
}
@misc{fds16042,
Author = {M. Connolly},
Title = {The Impact of Removing Licenses and Restrictions to Import
Technology on Technological Change},
Journal = {Background Report for the World Development Report
2000/2001},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds16042}
}
@article{fds238080,
Author = {Connolly, M},
Title = {"Mercosur: Implications for Growth in Member
Countries"},
Journal = {Current Issues in Economics and Finance},
Volume = {5},
Number = {7},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of New York},
Year = {1999},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238080}
}
@article{fds71660,
Author = {M.P. Connolly and Jennessa Gunther},
Title = {Mercosur: Implications for Growth in Member
Countries.},
Journal = {Current Issues in Economics and Finance},
Volume = {5},
Number = {7},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of New York},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds71660}
}
@article{fds320583,
Author = {Connolly, MP},
Title = {Technological Diffusion Through Trade and
Imitation},
Journal = {FRB of New York Staff Report},
Number = {20},
Year = {1997},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {An endogenous growth model is developed demonstrating both
static and dynamic gains from trade for developing nations
due to the beneficial effects of trade on imitation and
technological diffusion. The concept of learning-to-learn in
both imitative and innovative processes is incorporated into
a quality ladder model with North-South trade. Domestic
technological progress occurs via innovation or imitation,
while growth is driven by technological advances in the
quality of domestically available inputs, regardless of
country of origin. In the absence of trade, Southern
imitation of Northern technology leads to asymptotic
conditional convergence between the two countries,
demonstrating the positive effect of imitation on Southern
growth. Free trade generally results in a positive feedback
effect between Southern imitation and Northern innovation
yielding a higher common steady-state growth rate. Immediate
conditional convergence occurs. Thus, trade in this model
confers dynamic as well as static benefits to the less
developed South, even when specializing in imitative
processes.},
Key = {fds320583}
}
%% Conrad, Robert F.
@article{fds320460,
Author = {Conrad, RF and Hool, B and Nekipelov, D},
Title = {The Role of Royalties in Resource Extraction
Contracts},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {195},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {The manner in which governments charge mineral resource
producers has been the subject of considerable debate. In
particular, there is a continuing debate about whether
royalties should be reduced or eliminated, the preferred
alternative then being some variant of an income-based
charge such as a resource rent tax, a policy adopted in
Norway, the United Kingdom and Australia. The argument for
avoiding royalties is based on analyses demonstrating that
royalties and other quantity-based charges distort
production decisions and lead to outcomes such as
high-grading and premature mine closure. We argue that it is
inappropriate to infer that royalties are inefficient from
the perspective of the resource owner (typically a
government on behalf of society). Rather, the royalty serves
a key pricing purpose and should be interpreted as the
capital loss on the resource owner's balance sheet from
extracting marginal reserves. We demonstrate this result
under various conditions of uncertainty and informational
asymmetry, using an incentive-based framework which enables
us to highlight the separation of asset ownership from asset
use. The principal-agent framework is consistent with the
contracting problem encountered by governments who as
resource owners contract with private sector firms for
extraction rights.},
Key = {fds320460}
}
%% Cook, Philip J.
@article{fds375283,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Lopez, J},
Title = {Explaining the Extraordinary Decline in Chicago’s Homicide
Arrest Rates, 1965 to 1994 and Beyond: Trends in Case Mix
Versus Standards for Arrest},
Journal = {Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {82-112},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10439862231219470},
Abstract = {Chicago’s homicide arrest rate dropped from 91% in 1965 to
57% in 1994 and dropped still lower in recent years. This
pattern mirrors the trend in the national homicide clearance
rate. A plausible explanation for this great decline is the
trend in homicide case mix, which arguably has made it
intrinsically more difficult to solve homicide cases. Our
analysis describes the change in case mix for the period
1965 to 2020 and analyzes the effect on the arrest rate for
the first 30 years of this period, all by use of a unique
homicide case microdata set. We document the large changes
in case mix: for example, the percentage of all homicides in
which a male victim was shot outdoors increased from 18%
(1965) to 69% (2020). But the change in case mix does not
account for Chicago’s great decline during the earlier
decades, as we demonstrate by use of a novel arrest rate
index. In fact, the arrest rates in each of the categories
defined by location, sex, and weapon type exhibited similar
declines through 1994. (Subsequent years of arrest data are
unavailable for now.) Our preferred explanation for the
great decline is that the operational standard for making an
arrest increased during this period. That interpretation is
well supported by evidence explaining the corresponding
national trend, though direct evidence is lacking for
Chicago. This interpretation challenges the use of the
arrest rate as a police performance indicator and offers a
positive interpretation of the great decline.},
Doi = {10.1177/10439862231219470},
Key = {fds375283}
}
@article{fds376103,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Mancik, A},
Title = {The Sixty-Year Trajectory of Homicide Clearance Rates:
Toward a Better Understanding of the Great
Decline},
Journal = {Annual Review of Criminology},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {59-83},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-122744},
Abstract = {In 1962, the FBI reported a national homicide clearance rate
of 93%. That rate dropped 29 points by 1994. This Great
Decline has been studied and accepted as a real phenomenon
but remains mysterious, as does the period of relative
stability that followed. The decline was shared across
regions and all city sizes but differed greatly among
categories defined by victim race and weapon type. Gun
homicides with Black victims accounted for most of the
decline. We review the evidence on several possible
explanations for the national decline, including those
pertaining to case mix, investigation resources, and citizen
cooperation. Our preferred explanation includes an upward
trend in the standard for arrest, with strong evidence that
although clearance-by-arrest rates declined, the likelihood
of conviction and prison sentence actually increased. That
result has obvious implications for the history of policing
practice and for the validity of the usual clearance rate as
a police performance measure.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-122744},
Key = {fds376103}
}
@article{fds350093,
Author = {Zang, E and Tan, PL and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Sibling Spillovers: Having an Academically Successful Older
Sibling May be More Important for Children in Disadvantaged
Families.},
Journal = {AJS; American journal of sociology},
Volume = {128},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1529-1571},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/724723},
Abstract = {This paper examines causal sibling spillover effects among
students from different family backgrounds in elementary and
middle school. Family backgrounds are captured by race,
household structure, mothers' educational attainment, and
school poverty. Exploiting discontinuities in school
starting age created by North Carolina school-entry laws, we
adopt a quasi-experimental approach and compare test scores
of public school students whose older siblings were born
shortly before and after the school-entry cutoff date. We
find that individuals whose older siblings were born shortly
after the school-entry cutoff date have significantly higher
test scores in middle school, and that this positive
spillover effect is particularly strong in disadvantaged
families. We estimate that the spillover effect accounts for
approximately one third of observed statistical associations
in test scores between siblings, and the magnitude is much
larger for disadvantaged families. Our results suggest that
spillover effects from older to younger siblings may lead to
greater divergence in academic outcomes and economic
inequality between families.},
Doi = {10.1086/724723},
Key = {fds350093}
}
@article{fds357520,
Author = {Guryan, J and Ludwig, J and Bhatt, MP and Cook, PJ and Davis, JMV and Dodge, K and Farkas, G and Fryer, RG and Mayer, S and Pollack, H and Steinberg, L and Stoddard, G},
Title = {Not Too Late: Improving Academic Outcomes among
Adolescents},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {113},
Number = {3},
Pages = {738-765},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20210434},
Abstract = {Improving academic outcomes for economically disadvantaged
students has proven challenging, particularly for children
at older ages. We present two large-scale randomized
controlled trials of a high-dosage tutoring program
delivered to secondary school students in Chicago. One
innovation is to use paraprofessional tutors to hold down
cost, thereby increasing scalability. Participating in math
tutoring increases math test scores by 0.18 to 0.40 standard
deviations and increases math and nonmath course grades.
These effects persist into future years. The data are
consistent with increased personalization of instruction as
a mechanism. The benefit- cost ratio is comparable to many
successful early childhood programs.(JEL H75, I21, I24, I26,
I32, J13, J15).},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20210434},
Key = {fds357520}
}
@book{fds370071,
Author = {Braga, AA and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Policing gun violence: Strategic reforms for controlling our
most pressing crime problem},
Pages = {1-241},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780199929283},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199929283.001.0001},
Abstract = {This book makes the case that increasing the effectiveness
of the police in gun-violence prevention is both possible
and essential. It is essential because in many cities, gun
violence is the most pressing crime problem, making cities
less liveable and negatively affecting economic development.
There is no good alternative to police authority for gaining
control of criminal gangs and interrupting cycles of
retaliation. Increasing police effectiveness is possible due
to considerable advances in the understanding of what works
(and what does not) in the strategic use of police
resources. In particular, innovations such as focused
deterrence, hot spots policing, procedural justice, and
enhanced shooting investigations have been widely studied
and offer real promise if implemented correctly. The
challenges in this domain begin with the fact that
low-income communities of color, which bear the brunt of gun
violence, tend to be distrustful of the police. Residents of
these communities often believe that they are overpoliced,
due to heavy-handed tactics and officer-involved shootings.
But they also believe they are underpoliced, as evidenced by
slow response times, failure to intervene in tense
situations, and low arrest rates for serious crime. A
comprehensive strategy for policing gun violence requires a
community focus and a commitment to reining in police
misbehavior. This book makes the case that, done correctly,
policing gun violence is an urgent investment and a matter
of social justice.},
Doi = {10.1093/oso/9780199929283.001.0001},
Key = {fds370071}
}
@article{fds364018,
Author = {Barber, C and Cook, PJ and Parker, ST},
Title = {The emerging infrastructure of US firearms injury
data.},
Journal = {Preventive medicine},
Volume = {165},
Number = {Pt A},
Pages = {107129},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107129},
Abstract = {For every fatal shooting in the United States, detailed
information from reports of coroners or medical examiners,
police departments, and other sources is recorded in the
National Violent Death Reporting System. There is no such
system in place for nonfatal shootings, which far outnumber
fatalities. Hospital data systems are in place that could,
with some improvements, provide access to reliable local,
state and national estimates of firearm injuries. Such
estimates are possible because most firearms injuries are
treated in hospitals, and hospitals routinely assign
"external cause of injury" codes to all injury encounters.
Federal health agencies supervise a number of data systems
that centralize hospital data. Challenges currently being
addressed are public access, timeliness, and accuracy of
coding of intent. (Hospitals misclassify many firearm
assaults as accidents.) Law enforcement agencies provide
detailed data on shootings in criminal circumstances,
including shootings that are not treated in a hospital. The
FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) system aggregates data
from agencies. The FBI instituted a radical reform of this
system beginning in 2021, resulting in a sharp agency
participation drop that prevents valid national estimates.
The reform requires agencies to report incident-level data
instead of summary counts, which is all that was required
for the previous 90 years. There are ongoing efforts to
increase participation in the new system and restore its
former status as the leading source of national crime
estimates. In the meantime, data on nonfatal gunshot cases
are available from a number of police departments. We
discuss additional reforms needed to generate timely,
accurate, publicly accessible data from hospitals and
police.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107129},
Key = {fds364018}
}
@article{fds368417,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Parker, ST},
Title = {Correcting Misinformation on Firearms Injuries.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {12},
Pages = {e2246434},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.46434},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.46434},
Key = {fds368417}
}
@article{fds367848,
Author = {Gibson, JA and Gebhardt, MJ and Santos, RERS and Dove, SL and Watnick,
PI},
Title = {Sequestration of a dual function DNA-binding protein by
Vibrio cholerae CRP.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {46},
Pages = {e2210115119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2210115119},
Abstract = {Although the mechanism by which the cyclic AMP receptor
protein (CRP) regulates global gene transcription has been
intensively studied for decades, new discoveries remain to
be made. Here, we report that, during rapid growth, CRP
associates with both the well-conserved, dual-function
DNA-binding protein peptidase A (PepA) and the cell
membrane. These interactions are not present under
nutrient-limited growth conditions, due to
post-translational modification of three lysines on a single
face of CRP. Although coincident DNA binding is rare,
dissociation from CRP results in increased PepA occupancy at
many chromosomal binding sites and differential regulation
of hundreds of genes, including several encoding cyclic
dinucleotide phosphodiesterases. We show that PepA represses
biofilm formation and activates motility/chemotaxis. We
propose a model in which membrane-bound CRP interferes with
PepA DNA binding. Under nutrient limitation, PepA is
released. Together, CRP and free PepA activate a
transcriptional response that impels the bacterium to seek a
more hospitable environment. This work uncovers a function
for CRP in the sequestration of a regulatory protein. More
broadly, it describes a paradigm of bacterial transcriptome
modulation through metabolically regulated association of
transcription factors with the cell membrane.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2210115119},
Key = {fds367848}
}
@article{fds371408,
Author = {Braga, AA and Cook, PJ and Douglas, S},
Title = {Prevention Strategies for Policing Gun Violence},
Journal = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {704},
Number = {1},
Pages = {158-180},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027162231164481},
Abstract = {The police have the unique capacity to preempt and deter
violence and to reduce the use of firearms in violent
encounters. But overly aggressive policing tactics have
contributed to a fraught relationship with low-income
minority communities in which gun violence is heavily
concentrated. Increased resources should be devoted to
policing gun violence, but efforts of this sort must be
targeted and disciplined. Effective policing requires a
focus on the places and people that are at greatest risk;
and there is a strong case for police agencies to increase
the resources devoted to investigations of all criminal
shootings, not just homicides. Successful policing of gun
violence requires a productive working relationship with
victims and their neighbors, which can be facilitated
through observing community policing principles and respect
for residents’ interests.},
Doi = {10.1177/00027162231164481},
Key = {fds371408}
}
@article{fds367305,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Donohue, JJ},
Title = {Regulating Assault Weapons and Large-Capacity Magazines for
Ammunition.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {328},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1191-1192},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.17120},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2022.17120},
Key = {fds367305}
}
@article{fds364256,
Author = {Donohue, JJ and Cai, S and Bondy, M and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Why Does Right-to-Carry Cause Violent Crime to
Increase?},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds364256}
}
@article{fds363121,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Parker, ST},
Title = {Reducing Misuse of Handguns by Rural Youth-Focus on the
Parents.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e225136},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5136},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5136},
Key = {fds363121}
}
@article{fds362023,
Author = {Gibson, JM and MacDonald, JM and Fisher, M and Chen, X and Pawlick, A and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Early life lead exposure from private well water increases
juvenile delinquency risk among US teens.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e2110694119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2110694119},
Abstract = {Early life exposure to environmental lead (Pb) has been
linked to decreased IQ, behavior problems, lower lifetime
earnings, and increased criminal activity. Beginning in the
1970s, limits on Pb in paint, gasoline, food cans, and
regulated water utilities sharply curtailed US environmental
Pb exposure. Nonetheless, hundreds of thousands of US
children remain at risk. This study reports on how
unregulated private well water is an underrecognized Pb
exposure source that is associated with an increased risk of
teenage juvenile delinquency. We build a longitudinal
dataset linking blood Pb measurements for 13,580 children
under age 6 to their drinking water source, individual- and
neighborhood-level demographics, and reported juvenile
delinquency records. We estimate how early life Pb exposure
from private well water influences reported delinquency. On
average, children in homes with unregulated private wells
had 11% higher blood Pb than those with community water
service. This higher blood Pb was significantly associated
with reported delinquency. Compared to children with
community water service, those relying on private wells had
a 21% (95% CI: 5 to 40%) higher risk of being reported for
any delinquency and a 38% (95% CI: 10 to 73%) increased risk
of being reported for serious delinquency after age 14.
These results suggest that there could be substantial but
as-yet-unrecognized social benefits from intervention
programs to prevent children's exposure to Pb from private
wells, on which 13% of the US population
relies.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2110694119},
Key = {fds362023}
}
@article{fds352324,
Author = {Braga, AA and Brunson, RK and Cook, PJ and Turchan, B and Wade,
B},
Title = {Underground Gun Markets and the Flow of Illegal Guns into
the Bronx and Brooklyn: A Mixed Methods Analysis.},
Journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {98},
Number = {5},
Pages = {596-608},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-020-00477-z},
Abstract = {New York City (NYC) has experienced large reductions in
violent crime over the last two decades, but gun-related
violence continues to pose a threat to public safety.
Despite strong gun laws, high-risk individuals in NYC
neighborhoods are unfortunately still able to access and
misuse firearms. This research analyzes NYC's underground
gun market by closely examining the flow of guns into the
two boroughs where gun violence and crime gun recoveries are
most prevalent: the Bronx and Brooklyn. A mixed methods
approach is utilized that consists of an assessment of
firearms trace data and in-depth interviews with individuals
considered to be at high risk for involvement in gun
violence. Findings suggest that guns recovered in the Bronx
and Brooklyn were significantly more likely to originate in
states with less restrictive gun laws and more likely to
have changed ownership in unregulated transactions relative
to guns recovered elsewhere in NYC. Interviews revealed
three primary avenues for illegal guns reaching Bronx and
Brooklyn neighborhoods: high-volume gun brokers, middlemen,
and individuals who make episodic low-level acquisitions
from straw purchasers in other states. No subjects
identified theft as a meaningful source of crime
guns.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-020-00477-z},
Key = {fds352324}
}
@article{fds357519,
Author = {Guryan, J and Ludwig, J and Bhatt, M and Cook, PJ and Davis, JMV and Dodge,
K and Farkas, G and Fryer, RG and Mayer, S and Pollack, HA and Steinberg,
L},
Title = {Not Too Late: Improving Academic Outcomes Among
Adolescents},
Journal = {University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for
Economics Working Paper},
Number = {2021},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds357519}
}
@article{fds354309,
Author = {White, K and Cook, PJ and Pollack, HA},
Title = {Gunshot-victim cooperation with police investigations:
Results from the Chicago Inmate Survey.},
Journal = {Preventive medicine},
Volume = {143},
Pages = {106381},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106381},
Abstract = {Just one in ten nonfatal shootings in Chicago lead to an
arrest. Unlike in fatal cases, gunshot victims who survive
can often provide information of use in the police
investigation. Nonetheless, nonfatal shooting cases in
Chicago and elsewhere have much lower arrest rates than
fatal cases, in part because most victims do not cooperate.
We use data from the Chicago Inmate Survey (CIS) to analyze
the potential value that gunshot-victim cooperation could
have for increasing arrest rates. Half of CIS respondents
reported they had been shot before. Very few cooperated with
police investigations of these shootings, although at least
half of them could have provided useful information. In
fact, victims were more likely to speak with the police when
they did not have any information on their shooter.
Respondents explained their choice not to cooperate by
reference to "street codes" against snitching, mistrust of
the police, and the desire to retaliate against the shooter
personally. If more shooting victims could be persuaded to
cooperate, the police could solve more cases and hence be
more effective in curtailing gun violence.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106381},
Key = {fds354309}
}
@article{fds357489,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Berglund, A},
Title = {More and better video evidence for police investigations of
shootings: Chicago's area technology centers},
Journal = {Policing},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {655-668},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-12-2020-0186},
Abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the
creation, implementation, activities and rationale for the
Area Technology Centers (ATCs), an innovation adopted by the
Chicago Police Department’s (CPD’s) Bureau of Detectives
(BoD) in 2019 for the purpose of supporting investigations
of crimes of serious violence by deploying specialized teams
of officers to gather and process video and digital
evidence. Design/methodology/approach: This case study
utilizes historical information and descriptive data
generated by a record-keeping system adopted by the ATCs.
Findings: The ATCs were developed as a collaboration between
the CPD and the University of Chicago Crime Lab (a research
center). The start-up was funded by a gift from the Griffin
Foundation. Detectives have made extensive use of the
services provided by the ATCs from the beginning, with the
result that homicide and shooting investigations now have
access to more video and digital evidence that has been
processed by state-of-the-art equipment. The CPD has assumed
budget responsibility for the ATCs, which is an indication
of their success. The ATC teams have been assembled by
voluntary transfers by sworn officers, together with an
embedded analyst from the University of Chicago. Practical
implications: The ATC model could be adopted by other large
police departments. The study finds that ATCs can be
effectively staffed by redeploying and training existing
staff and that their operation does not require a budget
increase. Social implications: By arguably making police
investigations of shooting cases more efficient, the ATCs
have the potential to increase the clearance rate and
thereby prevent future gun violence. Originality/value: The
ATCs are a novel response to the challenges of securing and
making good use of video and digital evidence in police
investigations.},
Doi = {10.1108/PIJPSM-12-2020-0186},
Key = {fds357489}
}
@article{fds355589,
Author = {Barao, L and Braga, AA and Turchan, B and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Clearing gang- and drug-involved nonfatal
shootings},
Journal = {Policing},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {577-590},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-01-2021-0011},
Abstract = {Purpose: Clearance rates for nonfatal shootings, especially
cases involving gang- and drug-related violence, are
disturbingly low in many US cities. Using data from a
previously completed project in Boston, we explore the
prospects for improving gang/drug nonfatal shooting cases by
investing the same investigative effort found in similar
gang/drug gun murder cases. Design/methodology/approach: Our
analyses primarily focus on a sample of 231 nonfatal
shootings that occurred in Boston from 2010 to 2014.
Logistic regressions are first used to analyze differences
in the likelihood of case clearance for gang/drug nonfatal
shooting cases relative to other nonfatal shooting cases.
Independent samples t-tests are then used to compare the
investigative characteristics of these two different kinds
of nonfatal shootings. Next, independent samples t-tests are
used to compare the investigation of gang/drug gun assaults
relative to the investigation of very similar gang/drug gun
homicides. Findings: Results demonstrate that the odds of
clearing gang/drug nonfatal shootings are 77.2% less likely
relative to the odds of clearing nonfatal shootings
resulting from other circumstances. This stark difference in
clearance rates is not driven by diminished investigative
effort, but investigative effort does matter. Relative to
gang/drug gun assaults, gang/drug gun homicides have much
higher clearance rates that are the result of greater
investigative resources and effort that produces
significantly more witnesses and evidence, and generate more
forensic tests and follow-up investigative actions.
Originality/value: Gang- and drug-related violence generates
a bulk of urban nonfatal shootings. Low clearance rates for
nonfatal shootings undermine police efforts to hold
offenders accountable, disrupt cycles of gun violence, and
provide justice to victims. Police should make investments
to improve investigative effort such as handling these cases
with the same vigor as homicide cases.},
Doi = {10.1108/PIJPSM-01-2021-0011},
Key = {fds355589}
}
@article{fds352429,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Thinking about gun violence},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1371-1393},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12519},
Abstract = {The Stockholm Prize for 2020 was awarded for research on gun
violence and its prevention, and recognizes the growing
depth and scope of this field. I am honored to be a
co-recipient, together with Franklin E. Zimring. This essay
focuses on three of the topics that have been on my agenda
over the course of the last 45 years: how best to
conceptualize and measure the problem of gun violence; the
availability of guns to violent offenders; and how and why
to improve police investigations of criminal shooting
incidents, including assaults and homicides.},
Doi = {10.1111/1745-9133.12519},
Key = {fds352429}
}
@article{fds350982,
Author = {Gibson, JM and Fisher, M and Clonch, A and MacDonald, JM and Cook,
PJ},
Title = {Children drinking private well water have higher blood lead
than those with city water.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {117},
Number = {29},
Pages = {16898-16907},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002729117},
Abstract = {Although the Flint, Michigan, water crisis renewed concerns
about lead (Pb) in city drinking water, little attention has
been paid to Pb in private wells, which provide drinking
water for 13% of the US population. This study evaluates the
risk of Pb exposure in children in households relying on
private wells. It is based on a curated dataset of blood Pb
records from 59,483 North Carolina children matched with
household water source information. We analyze the dataset
for statistical associations between children's blood Pb and
household drinking water source. The analysis shows that
children in homes relying on private wells have 25%
increased odds (95% CI 6.2 to 48%, <i>P</i> < 0.01) of
elevated blood Pb, compared with children in houses served
by a community water system that is regulated under the Safe
Drinking Water Act. This increased Pb exposure is likely a
result of corrosion of household plumbing and well
components, because homes relying on private wells rarely
treat their water to prevent corrosion. In contrast,
corrosion control is required in regulated community water
systems. These findings highlight the need for targeted
outreach to prevent Pb exposure for the 42.5 million
Americans depending on private wells for their drinking
water.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2002729117},
Key = {fds350982}
}
@article{fds366350,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Girls to the front: How redshirting and test-score gaps are
affected by a change in the school-entry cut
date},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {76},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2020.101968},
Abstract = {Most states have moved their public-school-entry cut date
forward in recent years. In North Carolina the latest date
by which a matriculant must turn 5 was recently changed from
October 16th to August 31st. Those born in between the old
and new cut dates (the “swing group”), formerly among
the youngest entrants, became the oldest. Utilizing a
comprehensive statewide administrative data set, we
demonstrate that for the swing group the black-white
standardized test-score gaps (3rd and 4th grade) has
narrowed, and the gender gaps changed markedly to favor
girls. These shifts are explained in part by the near
elimination of redshirting for the swing group, and in part
by gender differences in the gain to being
older.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2020.101968},
Key = {fds366350}
}
@article{fds354532,
Author = {Krawiec, K and Cook, P},
Title = {Kidney Donation and the Consent of the Poor},
Journal = {Loyola Law Review},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-32},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds354532}
}
@article{fds343563,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Pollack, HA and White, K},
Title = {The Last Link: from Gun Acquisition to Criminal
Use.},
Journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {96},
Number = {5},
Pages = {784-791},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-019-00358-0},
Abstract = {Guns that are used in crime and recovered by the police
typically have changed hands often since first retail sale
and are quite old. While there is an extensive literature on
"time to crime" for guns, defined as the elapsed time from
first retail sale to known use in a crime, there is little
information available on the duration of the "last link"-the
elapsed time from the transaction that actually provided the
offender with the gun in question. In this article, we use
data from the new Chicago Inmate Survey (CIS) to estimate
the duration of the last link. The median is just 2 months.
Many of the gun-involved respondents to the CIS (42%) did
not have any gun 6 months prior to their arrest for the
current crime. The CIS respondents were almost all barred
from purchasing a gun from a gun store because of their
prior criminal record-as a result, their guns were obtained
by illegal transactions with friends, relatives, and the
underground market. We conclude that more effective
enforcement of the laws governing gun transactions may have
a quick and pervasive effect on gun use in
crime.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-019-00358-0},
Key = {fds343563}
}
@article{fds343387,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {RESPONSE TO COUNTERPOINT: VIOLENCE ITSELF IS A ROOT CAUSE OF
VIOLENCE},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {802-804},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.22142},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.22142},
Key = {fds343387}
}
@article{fds343386,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {UNDERSTANDING GUN VIOLENCE: PUBLIC HEALTH VS. PUBLIC
POLICY},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {788-795},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.22141},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.22141},
Key = {fds343386}
}
@article{fds335163,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The social costs of gun ownership: a reply to Hayo,
Neumeier, and Westphal},
Journal = {Empirical Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {13-22},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1497-5},
Abstract = {We respond to the new article by Hayo, Neumeier, and
Westphal (HNW), which is a critique of our 2006 article. The
principal contribution of that article was to use a greatly
improved proxy for gun prevalence to estimate the effect of
gun prevalence on homicide rates. While the best available,
our proxy, the ratio of firearms suicides to total suicides
in a jurisdiction (FSS), is subject to measurement error
which limits its use to larger jurisdictions that have
enough suicides to stabilize the ratio. In this response, we
report estimates for four different specifications and two
data sets, the 200-county data and the data for the 50
states. We develop the claim that measurement error in FSS
helps explain the observed pattern of results. Adopting the
assumption that FSS follows a binomial process with a number
of trials equal to the number of suicides, we characterize
the relationship between measurement error and size of the
jurisdiction, and thereby justify our conclusion that
restricting the estimation to large jurisdictions reduces
measurement error in FSS and hence the attenuation bias in
the key coefficient estimate. We conclude that for the
county-level data, the measurement error in FSS is of
greater concern than using a specification that is flexible
with respect to population. HNW focus on the latter but at
the cost of increasing the effects of the former. We then
demonstrate that the state-level data provide a robust case
that more guns lead to more homicides.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00181-018-1497-5},
Key = {fds335163}
}
@article{fds343790,
Author = {Weisburd, D and Majmundar, MK and Aden, H and Braga, A and Bueermann, J and Cook, PJ and Goff, PA and Harmon, RA and Haviland, A and Lum, C and Manski,
C and Mastrofski, S and Meares, T and Nagin, D and Owens, E and Raphael, S and Ratcliffe, J and Tyler, T},
Title = {Proactive Policing: a Summary of the Report of the National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine},
Journal = {Asian Journal of Criminology},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11417-019-09284-1},
Abstract = {This paper provides a summary of our report for the National
Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on proactive
policing. We find that there is sufficient scientific
evidence to support the adoption of many proactive policing
practices if the primary goal is to reduce crime, though the
evidence base generally does not provide long-term or
jurisdictional estimates. In turn, we conclude that crime
prevention outcomes can often be obtained without producing
negative community reactions. However, the most effective
proactive policing strategies do not appear to have strong
positive impacts on citizen perceptions of the police. At
the same time, some community-based strategies have begun to
show evidence of improving the relations between the police
and public. We conclude that there are likely to be large
racial disparities in the volume and nature of
police–citizen encounters when police target high-risk
people or high-risk places, as is common in many proactive
policing programs. We could not conclude whether such
disparities are due to statistical prediction, racial
animus, implicit bias, or other causes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11417-019-09284-1},
Key = {fds343790}
}
@article{fds345654,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Braga, AA and Turchan, BS and Barao,
LM},
Title = {Why do gun murders have a higher clearance rate than gunshot
assaults?},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {525-551},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12451},
Abstract = {Research Summary: The prevailing view is that follow-up
investigations are of limited value as crimes are primarily
cleared by patrol officers making on-scene arrests and
through the presence of eyewitnesses and forensic evidence
at the initial crime scene. We use a quasi-experimental
design to compare investigative resources invested in
clearing gun homicide cases relative to nonfatal gun
assaults in Boston. We find the large gap in clearances (43%
for gun murders vs. 19% for nonfatal gun assaults) is
primarily a result of sustained investigative effort in
homicide cases made after the first 2 days. Policy
Implications: Police departments should invest additional
resources in the investigation of nonfatal gun assaults.
When additional investigative effort is expended, law
enforcement improves its success in gaining the cooperation
of key witnesses and increases the amount of forensic
evidence collected and analyzed. In turn, the capacity of
the police to hold violent gun offenders accountable,
deliver justice to victims, and prevent future gun attacks
is enhanced.},
Doi = {10.1111/1745-9133.12451},
Key = {fds345654}
}
@article{fds339874,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Expanding the Public Health Approach to Gun Violence
Prevention.},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
Volume = {169},
Number = {10},
Pages = {723-724},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m18-2846},
Doi = {10.7326/m18-2846},
Key = {fds339874}
}
@article{fds337404,
Author = {Braga AA, and Cook PJ},
Title = {The association of firearm caliber with likelihood of death
from gunshot injury in criminal assaults},
Journal = {JAMA Network Open},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e180833},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2688536},
Abstract = {Importance A foundational issue in firearms policy has been
whether the type of weapon used in an assault affects the
likelihood of death.Objective To determine whether the
likelihood of death from gunshot wounds inflicted in
criminal assaults is associated with the power of the
assailant’s firearm as indicated by its caliber.Design,
Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional study with
multivariate analysis of data on shooting cases extracted by
the authors from police investigation files for assaults
that took place in Boston, Massachusetts, between January 1,
2010, and December 31, 2014. These data were analyzed
between October 1, 2017, and February 18, 2018. In all cases
the victim sustained 1 or more gunshot wounds in
circumstances that the Boston Police Department deemed
criminal. The working sample included all 221 gun homicides
and a stratified random sample of 300 nonfatal cases drawn
from the 1012 that occurred during the 5-year period. Seven
nonfatal cases were omitted because they had been
misclassified.Exposures The primary source of variation was
the caliber of the firearm used to shoot the victim.Main
Outcomes and Measures Whether the victim died from the
gunshot wound(s).Results The final sample of 511 gunshot
victims and survivors (n = 220 fatal; n = 291
nonfatal) was predominantly male (n = 470 [92.2%]),
black (n = 413 [80.8%]) or Hispanic (n = 69
[13.5%]), and young (mean [SD] age, 26.8 [9.4] years).
Police investigations determined firearm caliber in 184
nonfatal cases (63.2%) and 183 fatal cases (83.2%). These
367 cases were divided into 3 groups by caliber: small (.22,
.25, and .32), medium (.38, .380, and 9 mm), or large (.357
magnum, .40, .44 magnum, .45, 10 mm, and 7.62 × 39 mm).
Firearm caliber had no systematic association with the
number of wounds, the location of wounds, circumstances of
the assault, or victim characteristics, as demonstrated by
χ2 tests of each cluster of variables and by a
comprehensive multinomial logit analysis. A logit analysis
of the likelihood of death found that compared with
small-caliber cases, medium caliber had an odds ratio of
2.25 (95% CI, 1.37-3.70; P = .001) and large caliber had
an odds ratio of 4.54 (95% CI, 2.37-8.70; P < .001).
Based on a simulation using the logit equation, replacing
the medium- and large-caliber guns with small-caliber guns
would have reduced gun homicides by 39.5%.Conclusions and
Relevance Firearms caliber was associated with the
likelihood of death from gunshot wounds in criminal assault.
Shootings with larger-caliber handguns were more deadly but
no more sustained or accurate than shootings with
smaller-caliber handguns. This conclusion is of direct
relevance to the design of gun policy.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0833},
Key = {fds337404}
}
@article{fds335164,
Author = {Smucker, S and Kerber, RE and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Suicide and Additional Homicides Associated with Intimate
Partner Homicide: North Carolina 2004-2013.},
Journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {95},
Number = {3},
Pages = {337-343},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-018-0252-8},
Abstract = {Intimate partner homicide (IPH) is a critical public health
and safety issue in the USA. In this study, we determine the
prevalence and correlates of perpetrator suicide and
additional homicides following intimate partner homicide
(IPH) in a large, diverse state with high quality data. We
extract IPHs from the North Carolina Violent Death Reporting
System for 2004-2013 and identify suicides and other
homicides that were part of the same incidents. We analyze
the likelihood (in odds ration form) of perpetrator suicide
and additional homicides using logistic regression analysis.
Almost all IPH-suicide cases were by men with guns (86.6%).
Almost one-half of IPHs committed by men with guns ended
with suicide. Male-perpetrated IPH incidents averaged 1.58
deaths if a gun was used, and 1.14 deaths otherwise. It is
well-known that gun access increases the chance that a
violent domestic relationship will end in death. The current
findings demonstrate that gun IPH is often coupled with
additional killings. As suicidal batterers will not be
deterred from IPH by threat of punishment, the results
underline the importance of preemption by limiting
batterers' access to guns.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-018-0252-8},
Key = {fds335164}
}
@article{fds333796,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Gun Theft and Crime.},
Journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {95},
Number = {3},
Pages = {305-312},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-018-0253-7},
Abstract = {Some law enforcement officials and other observers have
asserted that theft is the primary source of guns to crime.
In fact, the role of theft in supplying the guns used in
robbery, assault, and murder is unknown, and current
evidence provides little guidance about whether an effective
program to reduce gun theft would reduce gun violence. The
current article analyzes publicly available national data on
gun theft together with a unique data set for Chicago. The
results tend to support a conclusion that stolen guns play
only a minor role in crime. First, publicly available data
are used to calculate that thefts are only about 1% of all
gun transactions nationwide. Second, an analysis of original
data from Chicago demonstrates that less than 3% of crime
guns recovered by the police have been reported stolen to
the Chicago Police Department (CPD). If a gun is reported
stolen, there is a 20% chance that it will be recovered,
usually in conjunction with an arrest for illegal carrying.
Less than half of those picked up with a stolen gun have a
criminal record that includes violent offenses. Third,
results from surveys of convicted criminals, both nationally
and in Chicago, suggest that it is rare for respondents to
have stolen the gun used in their most recent crime. The
data on which these results are based have various
shortcomings. A research agenda is proposed that would
provide more certainty about the role of
theft.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-018-0253-7},
Key = {fds333796}
}
@article{fds335165,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Challenge of Firearms Control in a Free Society},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-451},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12359},
Abstract = {Chapter 10 of The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society,
titled “Control of Firearms,” is a brief but strong
statement in support of regulating gun transactions,
possession, and carrying, with several specific
recommendations, including the adoption of universal gun
registration and permit-to-purchase requirements. The U.S.
President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration
of Justice, when writing the chapter, had no systematic
research to draw on. Since its publication in 1967, the
field of gun violence has become an active area of research,
and much has been learned. But the nation has become far
more polarized politically during the last 50 years, and gun
policy has become a rigidly partisan issue. A new commission
would have great difficulty reaching consensus, although
there may be common ground on regulating guns vis-à-vis
mental illness and domestic violence.},
Doi = {10.1111/1745-9133.12359},
Key = {fds335165}
}
@article{fds335166,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kang, S},
Title = {The School-Entry-Age Rule Affects Redshirting Patterns and
Resulting Disparities in Achievement},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds335166}
}
@book{fds339875,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Foreword},
Pages = {xiii-xiv},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780813397801},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429501265},
Doi = {10.4324/9780429501265},
Key = {fds339875}
}
@article{fds333797,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Gun markets},
Journal = {Annual Review of Criminology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {379-400},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-032317-092149},
Abstract = {The systematic study of how available weapons influence the
rates, patterns, and outcomes of criminal violence is new,
but it is now a well-established and fast-growing subfield
in criminology, legal studies, public health, and economics.
This review focuses on the transactions that arm dangerous
offenders, noting that if those transactions could be
effectively curtailed it would have an immediate and
profound effect on gun violence and homicide rates. Guns are
legal commodities, but violent offenders typically obtain
their guns by illegal means. Our knowledge of these
transactions comes primarily from trace data on guns
recovered by the police and from occasional surveys of
gun-involved offenders. Because most guns used in crime are
sourced from the stock of guns in private hands (rather than
a purchase from a licensed dealer), the local prevalence of
gun ownership appears to influence the transaction costs and
the proportions of robberies and assaults committed with
guns rather than knives or other weapons. Nonetheless,
regulations that govern licensed dealers have been linked to
trafficking patterns and in some cases to the use of guns in
crime.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-criminol-032317-092149},
Key = {fds333797}
}
@book{fds333581,
Author = {Krawiec, K and Cook, P},
Title = {If We Allow Football Players and Boxers to Be Paid for
Entertaining the Public, Why Don't We Allow Kidney Donors to
Be Paid for Saving Lives?},
Volume = {81},
Pages = {9-35},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds333581}
}
@article{fds335167,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Krawiec, K},
Title = {If We Pay Football Players, Why Not Kidney
Donors?},
Journal = {Regulation},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {12-17},
Publisher = {Cato Institute},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {Ethicists who oppose compensating kidney donors claim they
do so because kidney donation is risky for the donor’s
health, donors may not appreciate the risks and may be
cognitively biased in other ways, and donors may come from
disadvantaged groups and thus could be exploited. However,
few ethical qualms are raised about professional football
players, who face much greater health risks than kidney
donors, have much less counseling and screening concerning
that risk, and who often come from racial and economic
groups deemed disadvantaged. It thus seems that either
ethicists—and the law—should ban both professional
football and compensated organ donation, allow both, or
allow compensated organ donation but prohibit professional
football. The fact that we choose none of those options
raises questions about the wisdom of the compensation
ban},
Key = {fds335167}
}
@article{fds330821,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Donohue, JJ},
Title = {Saving lives by regulating guns: Evidence for
policy},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {358},
Number = {6368},
Pages = {1259},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3067},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aar3067},
Key = {fds330821}
}
@article{fds330368,
Author = {Sorensen, LC and Cook, PJ and Dodge, KA},
Title = {From Parents to Peers: Trajectories in Sources of Academic
Influence Grades 4 to 8},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {697-711},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373717708335},
Abstract = {Prior research and anecdotal evidence from educators suggest
that classroom peers play a meaningful role in how students
learn. However, the literature has failed to consider the
dynamic and context-dependent nature of classroom peer
influence. Developmental psychology theories suggest that
peer influence will increase and family influence will
decrease as children enter adolescence. This study uses rich
administrative data from North Carolina in 2006 to 2012,
matching students to all peers in each of their courses in
third through eighth grades. The analysis identifies trends
in the magnitude of classroom peer effects across grade
levels, with special attention to controlling for
confounding factors such as simultaneous influence,
student–classroom sorting, nonlinearity, and school-type
effects. Consistent with psychological theories about
adolescence, our findings indicate that the effect of
average peer quality multiplies by a factor of nearly 3 for
reading and 5 for math between fourth grade and seventh
grade; contemporaneously, family socioeconomic status
effects on academic performance nearly vanish by the end of
middle school. We uncover additional evidence that ability
grouping, while often harmful in an elementary school
setting, becomes increasingly beneficial in later
grades—particularly for math subjects.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373717708335},
Key = {fds330368}
}
@article{fds330369,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Rivera-Aguirre, AE and Cerdá, M and Wintemute,
G},
Title = {Cook et al. Respond.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {107},
Number = {12},
Pages = {e23},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2017.304101},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2017.304101},
Key = {fds330369}
}
@article{fds330174,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Dodge, KA and Gifford, EJ and Schulting,
AB},
Title = {A new program to prevent primary school absenteeism: Results
of a pilot study in five schools},
Journal = {Children and Youth Services Review},
Volume = {82},
Pages = {262-270},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.017},
Abstract = {Frequent absences in the primary grades are associated with
school disengagement, academic failure, and eventual
dropout. The Early Truancy Prevention Project (ETPP) was
designed to improve attendance of primary-grade children by
facilitating communication between teachers and parents and
giving the teachers the lead role in intervening with
students when attendance problems emerge. In 2013–14, the
current version of ETPP was implemented in 20 classrooms in
five high-poverty public elementary schools, with 21 other
classrooms in the same schools serving as controls. Our
analysis of attendance data indicated that ETPP
significantly reduced the prevalence of absenteeism without
excessively burdening teachers. Teachers reported improved
communication between parents and teachers and had a
positive assessment of the effects of specific program
elements.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.017},
Key = {fds330174}
}
@article{fds330371,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Rivera-Aguirre, AE and Cerdá, M and Wintemute,
G},
Title = {RE: "The hidden epidemic of firearm injury: Increasing
firearm injury rates during 2001-2013".},
Journal = {American journal of epidemiology},
Volume = {186},
Number = {7},
Pages = {896},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx279},
Doi = {10.1093/aje/kwx279},
Key = {fds330371}
}
@article{fds339876,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Pollack, HA},
Title = {Reducing access to guns by violent offenders},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {3},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2-36},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2017.3.5.01},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2017.3.5.01},
Key = {fds339876}
}
@article{fds326876,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Rivera-Aguirre, AE and Cerdá, M and Wintemute,
G},
Title = {Constant Lethality of Gunshot Injuries From Firearm Assault:
United States, 2003-2012.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {107},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1324-1328},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2017.303837},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the validity of the
apparent downward trend in the national case-fatality rate
for gunshot wounds from assault.<h4>Methods</h4>We
reanalyzed the estimated annual number of nonfatal firearm
injuries the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
reported from 2003 to 2012. We adjusted the estimates for
discontinuities created by the substitution of 1 hospital
for another in the sample and for a downward trend in the
percentage of gunshot injuries classified as "unknown
circumstance." Firearm homicide data are from the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, Web-based Injury
Statistics Query and Reporting System.<h4>Results</h4>The
unadjusted National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
estimate increased by 49%, yielding a decline in the
case-fatality rate from 25% to 18%. Our adjustments
eliminated these trends; the case-fatality rate was 22% in
both 2003 and 2012.<h4>Conclusions</h4>With reasonable
adjustments, the trend in nonfatal injuries from
interpersonal firearms assault tracks the flat trend in
firearms homicides, suggesting that there was no increase in
firearms violence during this period. The case-fatality rate
did not change, and trauma care improvements did not
influence the firearms homicide trend.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2017.303837},
Key = {fds326876}
}
@misc{fds363922,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The demand and supply of criminal opportunities},
Pages = {127-153},
Booktitle = {Crime Opportunity Theories: Routine Activity, Rational
Choice and their Variants},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780754629702},
Abstract = {Criminal opportunity theory provides a framework for
examining the interaction between potential offenders and
potential victims. Criminals' behavior influences the nature
and amount of self-protective measures taken by potential
victims, and changes in self-protection make criminal
opportunities more or less attractive. Criminal opportunity
theory has precursors in criminological theory, preeminently
in the work of Cloward and Ohlin, but in these theories
opportunities are mediated through social learning. Criminal
opportunity theory employs the economic theory of markets to
describe and predict how criminals and victims interact.
Evidence is available that potential victims take more
self-protection measures when the perceived risk of
victimization is greater and that prospective criminals are
likelier to attack relatively more vulnerable targets.
Little research is available on whether increases in
self-protection reduce the total volume of crime or merely
displace crime to more vulnerable targets; the extent of
displacement probably differs among offenses. The market
perspective has several benefits to the investigation of
interaction between potential victims and offenders: it
assembles different topics encompassed by criminal
opportunity theory into a coherent whole, it is expressed in
a form that facilitates borrowing from economic theory, and
it generates new and important insights for policy
evaluation and criminological theory. One central insight is
that law enforcement strategies may alter the quality of
opportunities and thereby precipitate additional crime.
Effective incapacitation or rehabilitation policies, for
example, may reduce the number of offenders in circulation
and thereby reduce the perceived risk of victimization. This
may cause individuals to reduce their self-protection
efforts, making them more attractive targets than before and
thereby stimulating increased crime rates on the part of
those criminals who remain active.},
Key = {fds363922}
}
@article{fds323617,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {At Last, a Good Estimate of the Magnitude of the
Private-Sale Loophole for Firearms.},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
Volume = {166},
Number = {4},
Pages = {301-302},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m16-2819},
Doi = {10.7326/m16-2819},
Key = {fds323617}
}
@article{fds324190,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Deadly force.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {355},
Number = {6327},
Pages = {803},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aam5966},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aam5966},
Key = {fds324190}
}
@article{fds321553,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Behavioral Science Critique of HOPE},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1155-1161},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12256},
Doi = {10.1111/1745-9133.12256},
Key = {fds321553}
}
@article{fds317724,
Author = {Webster, DW and Cerdá, M and Wintemute, GJ and Cook,
PJ},
Title = {Epidemiologic Evidence to Guide the Understanding and
Prevention of Gun Violence.},
Journal = {Epidemiologic reviews},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-4},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxv018},
Abstract = {Gunfire from assaults, suicides, and unintentional shootings
exacts an enormous burden on public health globally. The
epidemiologic reviews in this special issue enhance our
understanding of various forms of gun violence, inform
interventions, and help chart directions for future
research. The available science, however, is limited to
answer many important questions necessary for mounting
successful efforts to reduce gun violence. Certain data are
lacking, and there are numerous analytical challenges to
deriving unbiased estimates of policy impacts. Significant
investments in research over the long term are warranted to
answer questions central to successful prevention of gun
violence.},
Doi = {10.1093/epirev/mxv018},
Key = {fds317724}
}
@article{fds317725,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Will the Current Crisis in Police Legitimacy Increase Crime?
Research Offers a Way Forward.},
Journal = {Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of
the American Psychological Society},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {71-74},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1529100615610575},
Doi = {10.1177/1529100615610575},
Key = {fds317725}
}
@article{fds266408,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Parker, ST and Pollack, HA},
Title = {Sources of guns to dangerous people: what we learn by asking
them.},
Journal = {Preventive medicine},
Volume = {79},
Pages = {28-36},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0091-7435},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.021},
Abstract = {Gun violence exacts a lethal toll on public health. This
paper focuses on reducing access to firearms by dangerous
offenders, contributing original empirical data on the gun
transactions that arm offenders in Chicago. Conducted in the
fall of 2013, analysis of an open-ended survey of 99 inmates
of Cook County Jail focuses on a subset of violence-prone
individuals with the goal of improving law enforcement
actions. Among our principal findings: *Our respondents
(adult offenders living in Chicago or nearby) obtain most of
their guns from their social network of personal
connections. Rarely is the proximate source either direct
purchase from a gun store, or theft. *Only about 60% of guns
in the possession of respondents were obtained by purchase
or trade. Other common arrangements include sharing guns and
holding guns for others. *About one in seven respondents
report selling guns, but in only a few cases as a regular
source of income. *Gangs continue to play some role in
Chicago in organizing gun buys and in distributing guns to
members as needed. *The Chicago Police Department has a
considerable effect on the workings of the underground gun
market through deterrence. Transactions with strangers and
less-trusted associates are limited by concerns over arrest
risk (if the buyer should happen to be an undercover officer
or a snitch), and about being caught with a "dirty" gun (one
that has been fired in a crime).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.021},
Key = {fds266408}
}
@article{fds266417,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kang, S and Braga, AA and Ludwig, J and O’Brien,
ME},
Title = {An Experimental Evaluation of a Comprehensive
Employment-Oriented Prisoner Re-entry Program},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {355-382},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10940-014-9242-5},
Abstract = {Objectives: While the economic model of crime suggests that
improving post-prison labor market prospects should reduce
recidivism, evaluations of previous employment-oriented
re-entry programs have mixed results, possibly due to the
multi-faceted challenges facing prisoners at the time of
their release. We present an evaluation of an experiment
that combines enhanced employment opportunities with wrap
around services before and after release. Methods: This
paper presents what we believe is the first randomized
controlled trial (RCT) of a re-entry program that combines
post-release subsidized work with “reach-in” social
services provided prior to release. The sample was 236
high-risk offenders in Milwaukee with a history of violence
or gang involvement. Results: We observe increased
employment rates and earnings during the period when
ex-offenders are eligible for subsidized jobs, and these
gains persist throughout the year. The intervention has
significant effects (p < 0.01) in reducing the likelihood
of rearrest. The likelihood that the treatment group is
re-imprisoned during the first year after release is lower
than for controls (22 vs. 26 %) but the difference is not
statistically significantly different from zero.
Conclusions: The results of our RCT suggest that
“reach-in” services to help improve human capital of
inmates prior to release, together with wrap around services
following release, boosts employment and earnings, although
whether there is sufficient impact on recidivism for the
intervention to pass a benefit-cost test is more uncertain.
Average earnings for both treatment and control groups were
very low; legal work simply does not seem that important in
the economic lives of released prisoners.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10940-014-9242-5},
Key = {fds266417}
}
@misc{fds303078,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Robbery Violence},
Booktitle = {Gun Violence},
Publisher = {Ashgate Publishing Ltd.},
Editor = {Hornsby, R and Hobbs, R},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds303078}
}
@misc{fds303081,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Burden of 'Acting White:' Do Black Adolescents Disparage
Academic Achievement?},
Booktitle = {Minority status, Oppositional Culture and Academic
Engagement},
Publisher = {RoutledgeFarmer},
Editor = {Ogbu, JU},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds303081}
}
@article{fds317726,
Author = {Frattaroli, S and Pollack, KM and Cook, PJ and Salomon, M and Omaki, E and Gielen, AC},
Title = {Public opinion concerning residential sprinkler systems for
1- and 2-family homes.},
Journal = {Injury epidemiology},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40621-015-0060-5},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Residential sprinkler systems (RSS) are
one intervention to prevent fire injury and death, yet there
is no literature documenting why RSS homeowners opt to
purchase a sprinkler-equipped home. This manuscript
describes homeowners' decisions to purchase homes with
residential sprinkler systems (RSS) and their experiences
with the technology. It also compares how RSS homeowners and
owners of homes without RSS value sprinklers and their
levels of support for policies to mandate RSS in new
homes.<h4>Methods</h4>We used a national online web panel to
sample owners of 1- and 2-family homes, and descriptive
methods to analyze the resulting data.<h4>Results</h4>Our
final sample included 1,357 homeowners of 1- and 2-family
homes without RSS and 976 homeowners with RSS. RSS
homeowners were more likely than owners of non-RSS homes to
indicate they would buy an RSS home in the future (75 % vs.
30 %), and more often indicated a willingness to pay for
sprinklers (70 % vs. 40 %). RSS homeowners also expressed
higher levels of support for policies to mandate RSS in all
new 1- and 2-family homes (48 % vs. 19 %).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The
findings offer insight into educational and policy
strategies to promote RSS in all new homes, and provide a
foundation for future research in this area.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40621-015-0060-5},
Key = {fds317726}
}
@article{fds266264,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Harris, RJ and Ludwig, J and Pollack,
HA},
Title = {Some sources of crime guns in Chicago: Dirty dealers, straw
purchasers, and traffickers},
Journal = {The Journal of criminal law & criminology},
Volume = {104},
Number = {4},
Pages = {717-760},
Publisher = {University of Illinois Press},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {0091-4169},
Abstract = {In this Article, we seek to help guide law enforcement
activities targeting gun acquisition by high-risk people by
examining two potentially important sources of crime guns:
licensed retail dealers and traffickers. Limited data
availability is a key reason more is not currently known
about how criminals obtain guns. This Article assembles a
unique dataset that combines five years (2009–2013) of
crime gun trace requests submitted to the Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) National Tracing
Center (NTC) by the Chicago Police Department (CPD), linked
to other CPD data sources about the person who was caught
with the gun. From these data, we are able to identify which
of the violators are or have been gang members and to
compare their guns with those of violators who are not gang
members. We focus in particular on how gang members obtain
guns, since this population is at the highest risk for
shooting someone and for being shot. We hypothesize that
gang members may differ from others in how they access guns.
This hypothesis could help explain why our earlier work
found that the underground gun market as a whole in Chicago
is characterized by high transaction costs that keep many
criminals from becoming armed, yet the vast majority of the
city’s homicides are committed with guns. Our first
finding is that the guns confiscated by the police from gang
members tend to be quite old—a median age of over ten
years—with every indication that they have gone through a
series of transactions before being acquired by the current
owner. It is very rare for these guns to be purchased new
from a gun dealer in a documented sale (occurring in less
than 2% of circumstances). Besides the age of the guns, the
most striking fact about gang guns is that most come from
out of state. Even for new guns, fully 60% are imported. It
appears that while licensed dealers may play some small
direct role in arming gang members, other intermediaries are
far more important. If enforcement is to be effective at
reducing access to guns by gang members, a likely focus is
on the intermediaries in the underground market—straw
purchasers, brokers, and traffickers. Gathering information
on these intermediaries will require interviews with the
violators in addition to further analysis of trace
data.},
Key = {fds266264}
}
@article{fds266344,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Birthdays, schooling, and crime: Regression-discontinuity
analysis of school performance, delinquency, dropout, and
crime initiation},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-57},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140323},
Abstract = {Dropouts have high crime rates, but is there a direct causal
link? This study, utilizing administrative data for six
cohorts of public school children in North Carolina,
demonstrates that those born just after the cut date for
enrolling in public kindergarten are more likely to drop out
of high school before graduation and to commit a felony
offense by age 19. We present suggestive evidence that
dropout mediates criminal involvement. Paradoxically, these
late-entry students outperform their grade peers
academically while still in school, which helps account for
the fact that they are less likely to become juvenile
delinquents.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20140323},
Key = {fds266344}
}
@misc{fds366789,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Interventions in the Illicit Tobacco Market: Policy and
Regulatory Options},
Pages = {111-138},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366789}
}
@misc{fds366790,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Possible Changes in Tobacco Products: Considering Consumer
and Supply Responses},
Pages = {173-196},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366790}
}
@misc{fds366791,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {UNDERSTANDING THE US ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET Characteristics,
Policy Context, and Lessons from International Experiences
Introduction},
Pages = {13-30},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366791}
}
@misc{fds366792,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Participants in the Illicit Tobacco Market},
Pages = {55-76},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366792}
}
@misc{fds366793,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Interventions in the Illicit Tobacco Market: International
Case Studies},
Pages = {161-172},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366793}
}
@misc{fds366794,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Interventions in the Illicit Tobacco Market: Law
Enforcement},
Pages = {139-160},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366794}
}
@misc{fds366795,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {UNDERSTANDING THE US ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET Characteristics,
Policy Context, and Lessons from International Experiences
Summary},
Pages = {1-+},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366795}
}
@misc{fds366796,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Characteristics of the Illicit Tobacco Market},
Pages = {31-54},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366796}
}
@misc{fds366797,
Author = {Reuter, P and Bouchard, M and Chaloupka, FJ and Cook, PJ and Farrelly,
MC and Fong, GT and Harmon, RA and Kleemans, ER and Kottak, CP and Levi, M and Owens, E and Rees, VW and So, AD and von Lampe, K and Wipfli, H and Majmundar, M and Schuck, JA and Backes, E and Boyd, B and Ghitelman, M and Green, LG and Travis, J and Peterson, RD and Bell, CC and Donohue,
JJIII and Fullilove, M and Kleiman, MAR and Lafree, G and Lauritsen, JL and Loury, G and Lynch, JP and Manski, CF and Nagin, DS and Piehl, AM and Prieto, DB and Sorenson, SB and Weisburd, D and Widom, CS and Wormeli,
PK and Clayton, EW and Berg, AO and Burke, SP and Curry, SJ and Dentzer, S and Graham, G and Lee, GM and Markel, H and McCauley, LA and Polsky, D and Rich, JA and Sharfstein, JM and Teutsch, S and Weinstein, JN and Wong,
WF and Yasnoff, WA},
Title = {Measuring the Size of the Illicit Tobacco
Market},
Pages = {77-109},
Booktitle = {UNDERSTANDING THE U.S. ILLICIT TOBACCO MARKET:
CHARACTERISTICS, POLICY CONTEXT, AND LESSONS FROM
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds366797}
}
@misc{fds303087,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Elusive Facts about Gun Violence: Where Good Surveys Go
Bad},
Booktitle = {Envisioning Criminology: Researchers on Research as a
Process of Discovery},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Maltz, MD and Rice, SK},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Sometimes a survey is well designed, but the resulting
estimates are demonstrably wrong, and by a wide margin. For
that reason, we believe that if getting a reasonably
accurate estimate is important (and if it is not, why
bother?), then the analyst should ask and attempt to answer
the following prosaic question: “Given everything we know,
both from the survey in question and other sources, is this
estimate in the right ballpark?” We might call this a
“plausibility test.” It may seem like common sense, but
a quick scan of reports of survey results will demonstrate
that a discussion of procedure is far more common than a
discussion of plausibility. In what follows we consider
three examples from the study of gun ownership and use (or
misuse). The first example is gun ownership – the
household prevalence of guns, and the number of guns in
private hands. The second is the number of individuals who
are shot and wounded in assault circumstances. And the third
is the number of instances in which a private individual
uses a gun to defend against crime. In each case the
apparent bias in estimates based on population surveys is
remarkably large.},
Key = {fds303087}
}
@misc{fds305851,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Dodge, K and Farkas, G and Fryer, RG and Guryan, J and Ludwig,
J and Mayer, SE and Pollack, HA and Steinberg, L},
Title = {The (Surprising) Efficacy of Academic and Behavioral
Intervention with Disadvantaged Youth: Results from a
Randomized Experiment in Chicago},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {There is growing concern that improving the academic skills
of disadvantaged youth is too difficult and costly, so
policymakers should instead focus either on vocationally
oriented instruction for teens or else on early childhood
education. Yet this conclusion may be premature given that
so few previous interventions have targeted a potential
fundamental barrier to school success: "mismatch" between
what schools deliver and the needs of disadvantaged youth
who have fallen behind in their academic or non-academic
development. This paper reports on a randomized controlled
trial of a two-pronged intervention that provides
disadvantaged youth with non-academic supports that try to
teach youth social-cognitive skills based on the principles
of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and intensive
individualized academic remediation. The study sample
consists of 106 male 9th and 10th graders in a public high
school on the south side of Chicago, of whom 95% are black
and 99% are free or reduced price lunch eligible.
Participation increased math test scores by 0.65 of a
control group standard deviation (SD) and 0.48 SD in the
national distribution, increased math grades by 0.67 SD, and
seems to have increased expected graduation rates by 14
percentage points (46%). While some questions remain about
the intervention, given these effects and a cost per
participant of around $4,400 (with a range of $3,000 to
$6,000), this intervention seems to yield larger gains in
adolescent outcomes per dollar spent than many other
intervention strategies.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to
the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing
countries may download this paper without additional charge
at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??19862"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds305851}
}
@misc{fds217210,
Author = {P.J. Cook and D.C. Gottfredson and C. Na},
Title = {School crime statistics},
Booktitle = {(forthcoming) Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal
Justice},
Publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {G.J.N. Bruinsma and D.L. Weisburd},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds217210}
}
@misc{fds266429,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Goss, KA},
Title = {The Gun Debate: What Everyone Needs to Know},
Pages = {336 pages},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2014},
ISBN = {0190073454},
Abstract = {The volume includes information on gun control pertaining to
U.S. history, jurisprudence, cultural beliefs, political
agendas, epidemiologcal data, criminology, law and
regulation, and policy effectiveness.},
Key = {fds266429}
}
@article{fds266415,
Author = {Krawiec, K and Cook, P},
Title = {Foreword: Organs and Inducements},
Journal = {Law & Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {i-vii},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol77/iss3/1},
Key = {fds266415}
}
@article{fds266416,
Author = {Krawiec, K and Cook, P},
Title = {A Primer on Kidney Transplantation: Anatomy of the
Shortage},
Journal = {Law & Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {77},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-23},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol77/iss3/2/},
Key = {fds266416}
}
@article{fds266432,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The great american gun war: Notes from four decades in the
trenches},
Journal = {Crime and Justice},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-73},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0192-3234},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000325952400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In this essay I provide an account of how research on gun
violence has evolved over the last four decades, intertwined
with personal observations and commentary on my
contributions. It begins with a sketch of the twentieth
century history of gun control in the United States. I then
provide an account of why gun violence is worth studying,
with a discussion of how and why the type of weapon used in
crime matters, and assess the social costs of the widespread
private ownership of firearms. I then detour into the
methodological disputes over estimating basic facts relevant
to understanding gun use and misuse. In Section IV, I focus
on how gun availability influences the use of guns in crime
and whether the incidence of misuse is influenced by the
prevalence of gun ownership, regulations, and law
enforcement. I go on to review evaluations of efforts to
focus law enforcement directly at gun use in violent crime.
Next I turn to the hottest topic of our day, the role of
guns in self-defense and what might be deemed private
deterrence. The conclusion summarizes the claims and
counterclaims concerning gun regulation and asks, finally,
if there is the possibility of an influential role for
scientific research in the policy debate. © 2013 by The
University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/670397},
Key = {fds266432}
}
@misc{fds266334,
Author = {Frank, RH and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Winner-Take-All Markets},
Journal = {Studies in Microeconomics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-154},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {2321-0222},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321022213501254},
Abstract = {In recent decades, explosive growth in the salaries of top
earners, combined with income stagnation or decline for most
others, has formed a renewed challenge to the claim that a
free market serves the public interest. These trends lend
new urgency to understanding why some people earn so much
more than others and what the consequences of growing income
gaps are for economic growth and well being. In this
article, we build on earlier work by Alfred Marshall and
Sherwin Rosen to argue that it is the distribution of
opportunities, not the distribution of talent, that has been
changing in recent decades. The reason for this shift is
partly technological. As the revolution in information
processing and transmission continues, there is increasing
leverage for the talents of those who occupy top positions,
and correspondingly less room for others to find a lucrative
niche. In effect, the reward structure common in
entertainment and sports—where thousands compete for a
handful of big prizes at the top—has now permeated many
other sectors of the economy. The payoffs in these markets
are not only skewed but depend more on rank order than
productivity in the traditional sense. We describe general
conditions under which markets organized like tournaments
will attract a wastefully large share of inputs. The
article’s conclusions do not fit comfortably into any one
intellectual camp. We begin with the presumption that
markets work (low transaction costs, free entry) and that
observed trends reflect underlying economic forces. But
unlike many economists, we conclude that markets do not
always serve the public interest well—indeed, that much of
the rivalry for society’s top prizes is both costly and
unproductive. And unlike most economists, we conclude that
rising inequality is more likely to curtail economic growth
than to stimulate it. We argue that cooperative agreements
to reduce the top prizes and curb some forms of competition
need not lead inevitably to socialist squalor.},
Doi = {10.1177/2321022213501254},
Key = {fds266334}
}
@misc{fds266413,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Birthdays, Schooling, and Crime: New Evidence on the
Dropout-Crime Nexus},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9546 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Based on administrative data for five cohorts of public
school children in North Carolina, we demonstrate that those
born just after the cut date for starting school are likely
to outperform those born just before in reading and math in
middle school, and are less likely to be involved in
juvenile delinquency. On the other hand, those born after
the cut date are more likely to drop out of high school
before graduation and commit a felony offense by age 19. We
also present suggestive evidence that the higher dropout
rate is due to the fact that youths born after the cut date
have longer exposure to the legal possibility of dropping
out. The "crime" and "dropout" differences are strong but
somewhat muted by the fact that youths born just before the
cut date are substantially more likely to be held back in
school. We document considerable heterogeneity in
educational and criminal outcomes by sex, race and other
indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage.<br><br>Institutional
subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents
of developing countries may download this paper without
additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??18791"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds266413}
}
@misc{fds317727,
Author = {Swanson, JW and Robertson, AG and Frisman, LK and Norko, MA and Lin, HJ and Swartz, MS and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Preventing gun violence involving people with serious mental
illness},
Volume = {9781421411118},
Pages = {320 pages},
Booktitle = {Reducing Gun Violence in America},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {Webster, DW and Vernick, JW},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781421411118},
Abstract = {The December 2012 tragedy at Newtown may soon settle in the
collective memory of senseless rampages by unstable young
men. But inthe immediate aftermath, the question of what
might have been done to prevent those 28 untimely deaths may
galvanize the attention of policymakers desperate to
respond. Shall we now hold mental health systems more
accountable for failing to find, treat, or confine people
who incline to violence? Should we fault the loose
enforcement of federal firearms restrictions, and a
loophole-ridden system of background-checks, for failing to
keep guns out of the hands of dangerous people? Does the
problem lie with the laws themselves, with their blunt and
archaic definitions that leave risky people untouched while
sweeping up legions of the harmless?},
Key = {fds317727}
}
@misc{fds266373,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {How we can reduce gun violence?},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://http://chronicle.com/blogs/conversation/2013/01/08/how-we-can-reduce-gun-violence/},
Key = {fds266373}
}
@misc{fds266409,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Machin, S and Marie, O and Mastrobuoni,
G},
Title = {Crime Economics in Its Fifth Decade},
Journal = {LESSONS FROM THE ECONOMICS OF CRIME: WHAT REDUCES
OFFENDING?},
Pages = {1-16},
Booktitle = {Lessons from the Economics of Crime: What Reduces
Offending?},
Publisher = {MIT PRESS},
Address = {Cambridge, MA},
Editor = {Cook, PJ and Machin, S and Marie, O and Mastrobuoni,
G},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-262-31462-6},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000345697800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266409}
}
@article{fds266482,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Durrance, CP},
Title = {The virtuous tax: lifesaving and crime-prevention effects of
the 1991 federal alcohol-tax increase.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {261-267},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23220460},
Abstract = {The last time that federal excise taxes on alcoholic
beverages were increased was 1991. The changes were larger
than the typical state-level changes that have been used to
study price effects, but the consequences have not been
assessed due to the lack of a control group. Here we develop
and implement a novel method for utilizing interstate
heterogeneity to estimate the aggregate effects of a federal
tax increase on rates of injury fatality and crime. We
provide evidence that the relative importance of alcohol in
violence and injury rates is directly related to per capita
consumption, and build on that finding to generate
estimates. A conservative estimate is that the federal tax
(which increased alcohol prices by 6% initially) reduced
injury deaths by 4.5% (6480 deaths), in 1991, and had a
still larger effect on violent crime.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.11.003},
Key = {fds266482}
}
@misc{fds317728,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The limited impact of the brady act: Evaluation and
implications},
Volume = {9781421411118},
Pages = {21-32},
Booktitle = {Reducing Gun Violence in America: Informing Policy with
Evidence and Analysis},
Publisher = {JHU Press},
Address = {Baltimore, MD},
Editor = {Daniel W. Webster and Jon S. Vernick},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781421411101},
Abstract = {Federal firearms law divides the population into two groups:
those prohibited from legally possessing a firearm due to
their criminal record or certain other disqualifying
conditions and everyone else. The vast majority of the adult
public is allowed to acquire and possess all the firearms
they want, thus preserving the personal right to "keep and
bear arms" that has been established by recent U.S. Supreme
Court rulings.1 But that right, like all rights, has limits.
People with serious criminal records or severe mental
illness may reasonably be deemed at such high risk of
misusing firearms that public-safety concerns take
precedence over gun rights. While in practice it is
impossible to keep all members of high-risk groups disarmed
in a gun-rich environment, a selective prohibition may cause
some reduction in gun misuse and save enough lives to be
worthwhile.},
Key = {fds317728}
}
@misc{fds266428,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Machin, S and Marie, O and Mastrobuoni,
G},
Title = {Lessons from the Economics of Crime: What Reduces
Offending?},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Address = {Cambridge, MA},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds266428}
}
@misc{fds266345,
Author = {Bushway, S and Cook, PJ and Phillips, M},
Title = {The net effect of the business cycle on crime and
violence},
Pages = {23-52},
Booktitle = {Economics and youth violence: Crime, disadvantage, and
community},
Publisher = {New York University Press},
Editor = {Rosenfeld, R and Edberg, M and Fang, X and Florence,
CS},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {The paper analyzes the causal effects of the business cycle
on crime. Among the main conclusions are that robbery and
burglary are countercyclical, motor vehicle theft is
pro-cyclical, and criminal homicide is acyclical. We also
analyze suicide patterns, finding that while suicide rates
overall are countercyclical, suicide rates by younger teens
are actually procyclical. The paper begins with a discussion
of causal mechanisms linking economic conditions to crime
and violence, both overall and for youths. We investigate
the effect of short-term fluctuations in economic activity
on crime and violence (and on arrest rates) using the
quasi-experimental analysis of the last 13 business cycles
(beginning in 1933). We then develop and implement a second
approach, a regression analysis on detrended data, and
report the results. The regression analysis generally
confirms the qualitative results from the quasi-experimental
approach, and provides estimates of magnitudes.},
Key = {fds266345}
}
@misc{fds303072,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Machin, S and Marie, O and Mastrobuoni,
G},
Title = {Crime economics in its fifth decade},
Booktitle = {Lessons from the Economics of Crime: What Reduces
Offending?},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds303072}
}
@article{fds214742,
Author = {P.J. Cook},
Title = {Craig Whitney's Living With Guns},
Journal = {New York Times},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds214742}
}
@misc{fds266375,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Gun Point},
Journal = {Times of India - Education Times},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266375}
}
@article{fds266509,
Author = {Braga, AA and Wintemute, GJ and Pierce, GL and Cook, PJ and Ridgeway,
G},
Title = {Interpreting the empirical evidence on illegal gun market
dynamics.},
Journal = {Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Pages = {779-793},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1099-3460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-012-9681-y},
Abstract = {Thousands of Americans are killed by gunfire each year, and
hundreds of thousands more are injured or threatened with
guns in robberies and assaults. The burden of gun violence
in urban areas is particularly high. Critics suggest that
the results of firearm trace data and gun trafficking
investigation studies cannot be used to understand the
illegal supply of guns to criminals and, therefore, that
regulatory and enforcement efforts designed to disrupt
illegal firearms markets are futile in addressing criminal
access to firearms. In this paper, we present new data to
address three key arguments used by skeptics to undermine
research on illegal gun market dynamics. We find that
criminals rely upon a diverse set of illegal diversion
pathways to acquire guns, gun traffickers usually divert
small numbers of guns, newer guns are diverted through
close-to-retail diversions from legal firearms commerce, and
that a diverse set of gun trafficking indicators are needed
to identify and shut down gun trafficking
pathways.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-012-9681-y},
Key = {fds266509}
}
@misc{fds266410,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Robbery},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199844654},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844654.013.0005},
Abstract = {This article provides a description of trends and patterns
in robbery using police statistics and statistics from crime
surveys. The focus is on data of robbery rate trends for the
United States, which is the most established of the national
crime surveys. The survey data support a fine-grained
analysis of the age, sex, race, and number of robbers and
victims involved in an incident, as well as the type of
weapon and the outcomes of the confrontation with respect to
theft and injury. It examines the demographics of robber
perpetration and victimization and robbery outcomes
(property loss, injury, and death). This article discusses
robbers' strategic choices about whom to rob, how, and with
what weapon and interventions aimed at preventing robberies.
Policies to reduce the scope of the underground market will
thus be helpful in the effort to curtail
robbery.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844654.013.0005},
Key = {fds266410}
}
@misc{fds266411,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Firearm Violence},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199844654},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844654.013.0004},
Abstract = {This article begins by characterizing the nature and scope
of the gun violence problem, including a discussion of the
potential benefit from use of guns in self-defense. The next
section is devoted to a discussion of guns and it gives some
basic facts on the patterns of private gun ownership and gun
misuse. The article then discusses policies designed to
discourage gun misuse directly by making guns a liability to
criminals. Studies using a same basic research design have
found evidence of some decline in gun use in crime. The
article shows the importance of assessing the effects of
overall rates of gun ownership within a community. The
descriptive and analytical information summarized here opens
the door to favorable consideration of a variety of other
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844654.013.0004},
Key = {fds266411}
}
@article{fds266430,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drug policy research},
Journal = {ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-11},
Publisher = {NATL ACAD SCIENCES},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0748-5492},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000208839300003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266430}
}
@article{fds266511,
Author = {Cook, PJ and O'Brien, M and Braga, A and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Lessons from a partially controlled field
trial},
Journal = {Journal of Experimental Criminology},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-287},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1573-3750},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11292-012-9146-z},
Abstract = {Objectives: Using the case of an on-going work-oriented
prisoner-reentry experiment in Milwaukee, describe the
challenges of organizing and sustaining a high-quality trial
in the field in which only the randomization and data
analysis are directly "controlled" by the evaluation team.
Methods: The case study is of a randomized experiment
involving youthful male prisoners with a history of violence
and gang membership, scheduled for release into Milwaukee.
The intervention included six months of pre-release services
with a work-release opportunity, and intensive services and
supervision following release. The case study describes the
initial experimental plan and how much of that plan could be
salvaged in the face of delays, administrative errors, and
other problems. Results: The initial plan, when compared
with the actual experiment, specified a larger and more
homogeneous sample, more resources devoted to various
aspects of the treatment, and more intensive supervision
following release. These problems arose despite the best
efforts of public officials. Randomization was preserved,
and for that reason the results will still be of interest,
although perhaps under-powered. Conclusions: The "gold
standard" may become a bit tarnished in the field. It was
crucial in this experiment to have a member of the
experimental team engaged with the relevant state agencies
at every step of the process to sustain this effort and to
ensure that the treatment was delivered and relevant data
generated. A newsletter and regular meetings with agents
proved useful. The outcomes will have high internal
validity. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11292-012-9146-z},
Key = {fds266511}
}
@misc{fds266374,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Craig Whitney's Living With Guns},
Journal = {New York Times},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266374}
}
@article{fds266508,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Evidence from a high-income country.},
Journal = {Addiction (Abingdon, England)},
Volume = {107},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1388-1389},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22779413},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03901.x},
Key = {fds266508}
}
@article{fds317729,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Machin, SJ and Marie, OE and Mastrobuoni,
G},
Title = {Lessons from the Economics of Crime},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {What have the economists contributed to the study of
criminal behavior and crime control? In what follows, to
motivate and describe the contributions to this edited
volume, we discuss three domains: • A normative framework
for evaluating criminal law and crime prevention, and the
application of sophisticated quantitative methods to analyze
the causes of crime and the effects of crime-control
measures in this framework; • The conception of criminal
behavior as individual choice, influenced by perceived
consequences; • The aggregation of individual choices to a
systems framework for understanding crime rates and
patterns. The papers in this volume are informed by and
contribute to all of these domains.},
Key = {fds317729}
}
@misc{fds266507,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Alcohol retail privatization: a commentary.},
Journal = {American journal of preventive medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {430-432},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22424258},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.001},
Key = {fds266507}
}
@misc{fds266412,
Author = {Gottfredson, DC and Cook, PJ and Na, C},
Title = {Schools and Prevention},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Crime Prevention},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780195398823},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398823.013.0014},
Abstract = {Student misbehavior, which includes school violence and
bullying, interfere with academic achievements and is one of
the major sources of teacher turnover in American schools.
This article shows how schools can be organized and managed
in order to minimize and prevent student misbehavior. It
identifies the kinds of practices and policies they can
adopt to decrease the levels of victimization, violence,
substance use, and crime both in and out of schools. It
considers the research conducted on the effectiveness of
curriculum-based prevention programs. It then presents
evidence that shows that how the school is organized and
managed also influences school behavior and problem
behavior. This article also discusses discipline management
and school culture and explains how these can be used to
reduce crime and other related problem behaviors.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398823.013.0014},
Key = {fds266412}
}
@article{fds266510,
Author = {Bushway, S and Cook, PJ and Phillips, M},
Title = {The Overall Effect of the Business Cycle on
Crime},
Journal = {German Economic Review},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {436-446},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1465-6485},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2012.00578.x/pdf},
Abstract = {This paper analyses the 13 business cycles since 1933 to
provide evidence on the old question of whether recessions
cause crime. Using data from the United States, we find that
recessions are consistently associated with an uptick in
burglary and robbery, and a reduction in theft of motor
vehicles. There is no statistical association with homicide.
These patterns are suggestive of the relative importance of
the various channels by which economic conditions influence
crime. © 2012 The Authors German Economic Review © 2012
Verein für Socialpolitik.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0475.2012.00578.x},
Key = {fds266510}
}
@misc{fds266414,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Foreword},
Pages = {Ix-Xii},
Booktitle = {Experimental Criminology},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Brandon C. Welsh and Anthony A. Braga and Gerben J. N.
Bruinsma},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107032231},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139424776.001},
Abstract = {We need this new field of experimental criminology. The
design of cost-effective policy requires good evidence on
what works well and, equally important, what doesn’t.
Intuition, casual observation, and good intentions are not
enough. The exceptional case, albeit from another field,
helps prove the rule. Cambridge Professor Gordon Smith and
his colleague Jill Pell once pointed out that there had been
no rigorous evaluations of parachute use as a method of
preventing death resulting from jumping out of an airplane.
They noted that “advocates of evidence based medicine have
criticised the adoption of interventions evaluated by using
only observational data” (2003: 1459) and suggested that
those advocates participate in a randomized field trial of
parachute use. The point is that observational data combined
with our understanding of basic mechanisms (gravity,
vulnerability to trauma) is entirely persuasive in this
case, just as is the usual evidence we have about which
switch controls a particular light. But such easy cases are
rare. The processes by which innovations in policing or
corrections or social policy might influence crime rates are
complex and cannot be confidently assessed by what might be
called “common sense” alone. More systematic evidence is
required. And the new field, well documented in this book,
is beginning to provide just that.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139424776.001},
Key = {fds266414}
}
@article{fds266263,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Q&A on Firearms Availability, Carrying, and
Misuse},
Journal = {Government, Law and Policy Journal},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-81},
Publisher = {New York State Bar Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds266263}
}
@article{fds266513,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Impact of Drug Market Pulling Levers Policing on
Neighborhood Violence An Evaluation of the High Point Drug
Market Intervention},
Journal = {Criminology & Public Policy},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {161-164},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2012.00796.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1745-9133.2012.00796.x},
Key = {fds266513}
}
@misc{fds266274,
Author = {Gottfredson, D and Cook, PJ and Na, C},
Title = {School-based crime prevention},
Pages = {269-2897},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Crime Prevention},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Walsh, BC and Farrington, DP},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds266274}
}
@misc{fds266320,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The Gambler's Fallacy in Lottery Play},
Booktitle = {The Economics Of Gambling And National Lotteries},
Publisher = {Edgar Elgar Publishers},
Editor = {Williams, LV},
Year = {2012},
Abstract = {The -gambler's fallacy- is the belief that the
probability of an event is lowered when that event has
recently occurred, even though the probability of the event
is objectively known to be independent from one trial to the
next.},
Key = {fds266320}
}
@misc{fds266322,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Lotteries in the Real World},
Booktitle = {The Economics Of Gambling And National Lotteries},
Publisher = {Edgar Elgar Publishers},
Editor = {Williams, LV},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds266322}
}
@misc{fds266392,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Commentary: Evidence from a high-income country},
Journal = {Addiction},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds266392}
}
@misc{fds266515,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Post-Heller Strategies to reduce gun violence},
Journal = {Journal of Catholic Social Thought},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-110},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266515}
}
@article{fds266516,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Economist's guide to crime busting},
Journal = {The Wilson Quarterly},
Pages = {62-66},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Winter},
url = {https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/238489.pdf},
Key = {fds266516}
}
@misc{fds266384,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {More prisoners vs. more crime is the wrong
question},
Journal = {Brookings Policy Brief},
Number = {185},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266384}
}
@article{fds266506,
Author = {Durrance, CP and Golden, S and Perreira, K and Cook,
P},
Title = {Taxing sin and saving lives: Can alcohol taxation reduce
female homicides?},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-176},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.04.027},
Abstract = {With costs exceeding $5.8 billion per year, violence against
women has significant ramifications for victims, their
families, the health care systems that treat them, and the
employers who depend on their labor. Prior research has
found that alcohol abuse contributes to violence against
both men and women, and that stringent alcohol control
policies can reduce alcohol consumption and in turn some
forms of violence. In this paper, we estimate the direct
relationship between an important alcohol control measure,
excise taxes, and the most extreme form of violence,
homicide. We use female homicide rates as our measure of
severe violence, as this measure is consistently and
accurately reported across multiple years. Our results
provide evidence that increased alcohol taxes reduce alcohol
consumption and that reductions in alcohol consumption can
reduce femicide. Unfortunately, a direct test of the
relationship does not have the power to determine whether
alcohol taxes effectively reduce female homicide rates. We
conclude that while alcohol taxes have been shown to
effectively reduce other forms of violence against women,
policy makers may need alternative policy levers to reduce
the most severe form of violence against
women.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.04.027},
Key = {fds266506}
}
@article{fds266257,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Paying the tab: The costs and benefits of alcohol
control},
Journal = {Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of Alcohol
Control},
Pages = {1-262},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {What drug provides Americans with the greatest pleasure and
the greatest pain? The answer, hands down, is alcohol. The
pain comes not only from drunk driving and lost lives but
also addiction, family strife, crime, violence, poor health,
and squandered human potential. Young and old, drinkers and
abstainers alike, all are affected. Every American is paying
for alcohol abuse. Paying the Tab, the first comprehensive
analysis of this complex policy issue, calls for broadening
our approach to curbing destructive drinking. Over the last
few decades, efforts to reduce the societal costs--curbing
youth drinking and cracking down on drunk driving--have been
somewhat effective, but woefully incomplete. In fact,
American policymakers have ignored the influence of the
supply side of the equation. Beer and liquor are far cheaper
and more readily available today than in the 1950s and
1960s. © 2007 by Princeton University Press. All Rights
Reserved.},
Key = {fds266257}
}
@article{fds266431,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Paying the tab: The costs and benefits of alcohol
control},
Journal = {Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of Alcohol
Control},
Pages = {1-262},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {What drug provides Americans with the greatest pleasure and
the greatest pain? The answer, hands down, is alcohol. The
pain comes not only from drunk driving and lost lives but
also addiction, family strife, crime, violence, poor health,
and squandered human potential. Young and old, drinkers and
abstainers alike, all are affected. Every American is paying
for alcohol abuse. Paying the Tab, the first comprehensive
analysis of this complex policy issue, calls for broadening
our approach to curbing destructive drinking. Over the last
few decades, efforts to reduce the societal costs--curbing
youth drinking and cracking down on drunk driving--have been
somewhat effective, but woefully incomplete. In fact,
American policymakers have ignored the influence of the
supply side of the equation. Beer and liquor are far cheaper
and more readily available today than in the 1950s and
1960s. Philip Cook's well-researched and engaging account
chronicles the history of our attempts to "legislate
morality," the overlooked lessons from Prohibition, and the
rise of Alcoholics Anonymous. He provides a thorough account
of the scientific evidence that has accumulated over the
last twenty-five years of economic and public-health
research, which demonstrates that higher alcohol excise
taxes and other supply restrictions are effective and
underutilized policy tools that can cut abuse while
preserving the pleasures of moderate consumption. Paying the
Tab makes a powerful case for a policy course correction.
Alcohol is too cheap, and it's costing all of
us.},
Key = {fds266431}
}
@misc{fds266514,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Macdonald, J},
Title = {Public Safety through Private Action: An Economic Assessment
of BIDs},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {121},
Number = {552},
Pages = {445-462},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02419.x},
Abstract = {Private actions to avoid and prevent criminal victimisation
and assist public law enforcement are vital inputs into the
crime-control process. One form of private action, the
business improvement district (BID), appears particularly
promising. A BID is a non-profit organisation created by
property owners to provide local public goods, usually
including public safety. Our analysis of 30 Los Angeles BIDs
demonstrates that the social benefits of BID expenditures on
security are a large multiple (about 20) of the private
expenditures. Crime displacement appears minimal. Crime
reduction in the BID areas has been accompanied by a
reduction in arrests, suggesting further savings. © 2011
The Author(s). The Economic Journal © 2011 Royal Economic
Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02419.x},
Key = {fds266514}
}
@article{fds266512,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Co-Production in deterring crime},
Journal = {Criminology & Public Policy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-108},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00686.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00686.x},
Key = {fds266512}
}
@misc{fds266376,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {How to cut gun death toll},
Journal = {CNN.com},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://http://www.cnn.com/2011/OPINION/01/12/cook.ludwig.gun.control/index.html},
Key = {fds266376}
}
@book{fds266472,
Author = {Cook, Philip J. and Ludwig, Jens and McCrary,
Justin},
Title = {Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and McCrary, J},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/C/bo12322295.html},
Key = {fds266472}
}
@misc{fds266517,
Author = {Kim, EHW and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The continuing importance of children in relieving elder
poverty: evidence from Korea},
Journal = {Ageing and Society},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {953-976},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0144-686X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X10001030},
Abstract = {The population of South Korea is ageing rapidly and
government provision for older people is meagre. Hence the
erosion of traditional family support for older people is of
much concern. Yet relatively little is known about the
actual financial status of elderly Koreans or the amount of
economic support they receive from children. This paper
addresses these issues using data from the 2006 Korean
Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We find that almost 70 per
cent of Koreans aged 65 or more years received financial
transfers from children and that the transfers accounted for
about a quarter of an average elder's income. While over 60
per cent of elders would be poor without private transfers,
children's transfers substantially mitigate elder poverty,
filling about one-quarter of the poverty gap. Furthermore,
children's transfers tend to be proportionally larger to
low-income parents, so elder income inequality is reduced by
the transfers. Over 40 per cent of elders lived with a child
and co-residence helps reduce elder poverty. By showing that
Korean children still play a crucial role in providing
financial old-age security, we demonstrate how important it
is for the Korean government to design old-age policies that
preserve the incentives for private assistance. This
snapshot of today's Korea also has implications for other
rapidly changing Asian countries that are following a
similar trajectory. © Copyright Cambridge University Press
2011.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0144686X10001030},
Key = {fds266517}
}
@misc{fds266275,
Author = {Cook, PJ and MacDonald, J},
Title = {The role of private action in controlling
crime},
Booktitle = {Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and McCrary, J},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266275}
}
@misc{fds266276,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Economical Crime Control},
Booktitle = {Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and McCrary, J},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266276}
}
@misc{fds266325,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Gearing, M},
Title = {The minimum drinking age: 21 as an artifact},
Booktitle = {College Student Drinking and Drug Use: Multiple Perspectives
on a Complex Problem},
Publisher = {Guilford Press},
Editor = {White, HR and Rabiner, DL},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266325}
}
@misc{fds266326,
Author = {Chaloupja, FJ and Cook, PJ and Peck, RM and Tauras,
JA},
Title = {Enhancing compliance with tobacco control
policies},
Pages = {325-350},
Booktitle = {After Tobacco},
Publisher = {Columbia University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Bearman, P and Neckerman, KM and Wright, L},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds266326}
}
@misc{fds266518,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Property crimes - yes; violence - no: Comment on Lauritsen
and Heimer},
Journal = {Criminology & Public Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {693-697},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00661.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00661.x},
Key = {fds266518}
}
@misc{fds305852,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Economical Crime Control},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {This paper is the introductory chapter for the forthcoming
NBER volume Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs. The
Great Recession has led to cuts in criminal justice
expenditures, and the trend towards ever-higher
incarceration rates that has been underway since the 1970s
in the U.S. appears to have turned the corner. That raises
the question of whether the crime drop can be sustained.
State and local revenue shortfalls have engendered intense
interest in cost-cutting measures that do not sacrifice
public safety. We argue that there is some reason for
optimism, simply because current criminal justice
allocations and policies appear to be inefficient - more
crime control could be accomplished with fewer resources.
The crime problem is often framed as a debate between those
who favor a "tough" punitive approach versus those who favor
a "soft" approach that focuses on prevention or remediation
programs. But the canonical economic model of crime from
Becker (1968) suggests that the decision to commit crime
involves a weighing of both benefits and costs, implying
that both tough and soft approaches might be useful. It is
ultimately an empirical question about how the marginal
crime-control dollar may be most effectively deployed. The
evidence presented in this edited volume suggests that a
more efficient portfolio of crime-control strategies would
involve greater attention to enhancing the certainty rather
than the severity of punishment for criminal behavior,
stimulating private-sector cooperation for controlling
crime, and making strategic investments in the human capital
of at-risk populations, including in particular efforts to
improve the social-cognitive skills of justice-system-involved
populations. To help illustrate the magnitude of the
inefficiencies within the current system, the essay
concludes with a thought experiment that considers how much
additional crime-prevention could be obtained by reverting
average sentence lengths back to 1984 levels (midway through
the Reagan era) and redirecting the freed-up resources (on
the order of $12 billion annually) to alternative
uses.},
Key = {fds305852}
}
@article{fds266303,
Author = {Tokunaga, K and Sugiu, K and Yoshino, K and Terai, Y and Imaoka, T and Handa, A and Hirotsune, N and Kusaka, N and Date,
I},
Title = {Percutaneous balloon angioplasty for acute occlusion of
intracranial arteries.},
Journal = {Neurosurgery},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3 Suppl Operative},
Pages = {ons189-ons196},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000380954.29925.CE},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The benefits of intravenous thrombolysis for
acute ischemic stroke are still limited. OBJECTIVE: To
evaluate the safety and efficacy of double-lumen balloon
catheter-based reperfusion therapy with or without
intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute occlusion of
intracranial arteries. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients with
acute occlusion of intracranial arteries were enrolled. A
Gateway balloon catheter was used to disrupt clots or dilate
atheromatous plaques in every patient. The technical
details, technique-related complications, recanalization
rates, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: The
occlusion sites were internal carotid arteries in 17
patients, M1 segments in 32 patients, the M2 segment in 1
patient, a vertebral artery in 1 patient, and basilar
arteries in 8 patients. Twenty-four patients (41%) were
treated with thrombolysis first, and 20 patients (34%) were
treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
followed by thrombolysis. PTA alone was performed in 15
patients (25%). The mean dose of urokinase was 205 x 10 U.
The extent of recanalization was complete (Thrombolysis in
Myocardial Infarction [TIMI] score of 3) in 17 patients
(29%), and partial (TIMI 1/2) in 28 patients (47%).
Functional independence at discharge was preserved in 76%,
25%, and 7% of patients with TIMI 3, TIMI 1/2, and TIMI 0,
respectively. A combination of PTA and thrombolysis resulted
in a significantly higher recanalization rate than PTA only.
Seven patients (12%) experienced hemorrhagic events after
treatment. Severe parenchymal hemorrhage with neurologic
deterioration was observed in 2 patients (4%), and vessel
rupture was encountered in 1 atherosclerotic case.
CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical angioplasty using a Gateway catheter
combined with a low-dose thrombolytic agent is a safe and
effective treatment for acute intracranial embolic and
atherosclerotic occlusion with a low risk of hemorrhagic
complications.},
Doi = {10.1227/01.NEU.0000380954.29925.CE},
Key = {fds266303}
}
@misc{fds266377,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Five myths about gun control},
Journal = {Washington Post},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/11/AR2010061103259.html},
Key = {fds266377}
}
@misc{fds337370,
Author = {Cook, PJ and MacDonald, J},
Title = {Public Safety Through Private Action: An Economic Assessment
of Bids, Locks, and Citizen Cooperation},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds337370}
}
@article{fds266505,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Gottfredson, DC and Na, C},
Title = {School crime control and prevention},
Journal = {Crime and Justice},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {313-440},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {Michael Tonry},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0192-3234},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/652387},
Abstract = {School violence, drug use, vandalism, gang activity,
bullying, and theft are costly and interfere with academic
achievement. Fortunately, crime victimization in schools for
students and teachers followed the downward trend in
national crime rates during the 1990s and has remained at a
relatively low level since 2000. Youths are as likely to be
victimized in school as out when it comes to theft and minor
assaults, but the most serious assaults tend to occur
outside of school. Despite the high rates of crime in
school, school crime plays a relatively minor role in
juvenile criminal careers. Nonetheless, school crime
deserves public concern. The composition and operation of
schools influence crime. A variety of instructional programs
can reduce crime, such as those that teach self-control or
social competency skills using cognitive-behavioral or
behavioral instructional methods. School discipline
management policies and practices are also important.
Schools in which rules are clearly stated, are fair, and are
consistently enforced, and in which students participate in
establishing mechanisms for reducing misbehavior, experience
less disorder. © 2010 by The University of Chicago. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/652387},
Key = {fds266505}
}
@book{fds266427,
Author = {Frank, RH and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Winner-Take-All Society},
Publisher = {Virgin Books},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266427}
}
@misc{fds266258,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Braga, A and Moore, MH},
Title = {Gun Control},
Pages = {257-292},
Booktitle = {Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {J.Q. Wilson and J. Petersilia},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266258}
}
@misc{fds266259,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Samaha, AM},
Title = {Gun Control After Heller: Litigating against
Regulation},
Pages = {103-135},
Booktitle = {Regulation versus Litigation},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Kessler, D},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266259}
}
@misc{fds266277,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {'Comment' on 'What do economists know about
crime?'},
Pages = {302-304},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Crime: Lessons for & from Latin
America},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {DiTella, R and Edwards, S and Schargodsky, E},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266277}
}
@misc{fds266407,
Author = {Frank, RH and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Preface to the new edition},
Booktitle = {The Winner-Take-All Society},
Publisher = {Virgin Books, Random House},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266407}
}
@misc{fds303073,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Gottfredson, DC and Na, C},
Title = {School crime control and prevention},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds303073}
}
@article{fds304156,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Potential savings from abolition of the death penalty in
North Carolina},
Journal = {American Law and Economics Review},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {498-529},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1465-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahp022},
Abstract = {Despite the long-term decline in the number of death
sentences and the lack of executions, the cost of the death
penalty in North Carolina remains high. To document this
cost, the empirical analysis here focuses on a recent
two-year period, comparing actual costs associated with
capital proceedings, with likely costs in the absence of the
death penalty. The conclusion: the state would have spent
almost $11 million less each year on criminal justice
activities (including appeals and imprisonment) if the death
penalty had been abolished. Additional criminal justice
resources would have been freed up and available to be
redirected to other cases. © The Author 2009. Published by
Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Law and
Economics Association. All rights reserved. For permissions,
please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahp022},
Key = {fds304156}
}
@article{fds266503,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Comment on "explaining change and stasis in alcohol
consumption"},
Journal = {Addiction Research and Theory},
Volume = {17},
Number = {6},
Pages = {586-587},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1606-6359},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/16066350903145080},
Doi = {10.3109/16066350903145080},
Key = {fds266503}
}
@misc{fds337371,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Samaha, AM},
Title = {Gun Control after Heller: Litigating Against
Regulation},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds337371}
}
@article{fds157262,
Author = {P.J. Cook},
Title = {The Economics of Crime by Harold Winter},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds157262}
}
@article{fds266353,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Economics of Crime: An introduction to rational crime
analysis by Harold Winter},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {47},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds266353}
}
@article{fds266443,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Economics of Crime: An Introduction to Rational Crime
Analysis.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {804-806},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000270795400008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266443}
}
@article{fds266521,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Cukier, W and Krause, K},
Title = {The illicit firearms trade in North America},
Journal = {Criminology and Criminal Justice},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-286},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Editor = {Sheptycki, J and Edwards, A},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1748-8958},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895809336377},
Abstract = {Gun violence in North American is the subject of much
speculation and debate, often based on limited or incomplete
empirical evidence. We summarize the regulatory frameworks
in Mexico, the United States and Canada, and provide
statistics on gun misuse in these countries. Based on our
analysis of publicly available information on sources of
crime guns, we conclude that while the United States is a
major supplier of illegal handguns to Canada and illegal
firearms of all types to Mexico, quantifying the extent of
its role, particularly in Mexico, is difficult because of
data limitations. Still more difficult is to project the
consequences of an effective crackdown by US authorities. If
the illicit supply from the USA dried up, the criminal gangs
could turn to a variety of other sources that already appear
to be playing some role. A complete analysis of these issues
must await more complete disclosure by the authorities of
data on gun sources and trafficking investigations. © The
Author(s), 2009.},
Doi = {10.1177/1748895809336377},
Key = {fds266521}
}
@article{fds266522,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Samaha, AM},
Title = {Gun control after Heller: Threats and sideshows from a
social welfare perspective},
Journal = {UCLA Law Review},
Volume = {56},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1041-1093},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0041-5650},
Abstract = {What will happen after District of Columbia v. Heller? We
know that five justices on the Supreme Court now oppose
comprehensive federal prohibitions on home handgun
possession by some class of trustworthy homeowners for the
purpose of, and maybe only at the time of, self-defense.
Perhaps the justices will push fur' ther and apply Heller's
holding to state and local governments via the Fourteenth
Amendment. But the majority opinion in Heller offered
limited guidance for future cases, it did not follow a
purely originalist method of constitutional interpretation,
nor did it establish a constraining doctrinal framework for
evaluating firearms regulation - although the opinion did
gratuitously suggest that much existing gun control is
acceptable. There is significant room for judges to maneuver
after Heller. In the absence of more information from the
Supreme Court, we identify plausible legal arguments for the
next few rounds of litigation and assess the stakes for
social welfare. Based on available data, we conclude that
some salient legal arguments after Heller have little or no
likely consequence for social welfare. For example, the
looming constitutional fight over local handgun bans - an
issue on which we present original empirical data - seems
largely inconsequential. The same can be said for a right to
carry a firearm in public with a permit. On the other hand,
less prominent legal arguments could be quite threatening to
social welfare. At some point judges might draw on free
speech doctrine and presumptively disfavor taxation or
regulation targeted especially at firearms. This could have
serious consequences. In addition, and perhaps most
important, Second Amendment doctrine might deter innovative
regulatory responses to the problem of gun violence. The
threat of litigation may inhibit useful policy
experimentation ranging from personalized firearms
technology and the microstamping of shell casings, to
pre-market review of gun design, social-cost taxation,
gun-owner insurance requirements, and beyond.},
Key = {fds266522}
}
@article{fds266520,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Crime Control in the City: A Research-Based Briefing on
Public and Private Measures},
Journal = {Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and
Research},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-80},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds266520}
}
@misc{fds305857,
Author = {, },
Title = {Explaining the growth in the prison population},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds305857}
}
@misc{fds266441,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Crime: Crime in the city},
Pages = {297-327},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780691131054},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000286971800010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266441}
}
@article{fds266433,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Crime in the city},
Pages = {297-327},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds266433}
}
@misc{fds139467,
Author = {P.J. Cook and J. Ludwig},
Title = {Firearm Violence},
Booktitle = {Handbook on Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds139467}
}
@article{fds266519,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Potential savings from abolition of the death penalty in
North Carolina},
Journal = {American Law and Economics Review},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-32},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1465-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahp022},
Abstract = {Despite the long-term decline in the number of death
sentences and the lack of executions, the cost of the death
penalty in North Carolina remains high. To document this
cost, the empirical analysis here focuses on a recent
two-year period, comparing actual costs associated with
capital proceedings, with likely costs in the absence of the
death penalty. The conclusion: the state would have spent
almost $11 million less each year on criminal justice
activities (including appeals and imprisonment) if the death
penalty had been abolished. Additional criminal justice
resources would have been freed up and available to be
redirected to other cases.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahp022},
Key = {fds266519}
}
@misc{fds266261,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Firearms Violence},
Booktitle = {Oxford Handbook on Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266261}
}
@misc{fds266286,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Robbery},
Booktitle = {Handbook on Crime and Justice},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266286}
}
@misc{fds266287,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Crime},
Pages = {297-327},
Booktitle = {MAKING CITIES WORK: Prospects and Policies for Urban
America},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Address = {Princeton, NJ},
Editor = {Inman, RP},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266287}
}
@misc{fds266319,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Ends and Means in State Lotteries: The Importance of a Good
Cause},
Pages = {11-38},
Booktitle = {Gambling: Mapping the American Moral Landscape},
Publisher = {Baylor University Press},
Editor = {Wolfe, A and Owens, EC},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266319}
}
@misc{fds266327,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Leave the minimum drinking age to the states},
Pages = {99-106},
Booktitle = {Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Policy},
Publisher = {Wadsworth},
Address = {Belmont, MA},
Editor = {Frost, NA and Freilich, JD and Clear, TR},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266327}
}
@misc{fds303070,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Robbery},
Booktitle = {Oxford Handbook on Crime and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Tonry, J},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds303070}
}
@article{fds266450,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Regulation and Public Interests: The Possibility of Good
Regulatory Government by Steven P. Croley},
Journal = {Political Science Quarterly},
Volume = {123},
Number = {4},
Pages = {700-701},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0032-3195},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000262212100022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1002/j.1538-165x.2008.tb01823.x},
Key = {fds266450}
}
@article{fds266529,
Author = {Cook, PJ and MacCoun, R and Muschkin, C and Vigdor,
J},
Title = {The negative impacts of starting middle school in sixth
grade},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-121},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20309},
Abstract = {Using administrative data on public school students in North
Carolina, we find that sixth grade students attending middle
schools are much more likely to be cited for discipline
problems than those attending elementary school. That
difference remains after adjusting for the socioeconomic and
demographic characteristics of the students and their
schools. Furthermore, the higher infraction rates recorded
by sixth graders who are placed in middle school persist at
least through ninth grade. An analysis of end-of-grade test
scores provides complementary findings. A plausible
explanation is that sixth graders are at an especially
impressionable age; in middle school, the exposure to older
peers and the relative freedom from supervision have
deleterious consequences. These findings are relevant to the
current debate over the best school configuration for
incorporating the middle grades. Based on our results, we
suggest that there is a strong argument for separating sixth
graders from older adolescents. © 2008 by the Association
for Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20309},
Key = {fds266529}
}
@misc{fds266378,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Will wider availability of guns improve public safety?
No},
Journal = {CQ Researcher},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds266378}
}
@article{fds266526,
Author = {Carpenter, C and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Cigarette taxes and youth smoking: new evidence from
national, state, and local Youth Risk Behavior
Surveys.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {287-299},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.05.008},
Abstract = {Several studies have examined the effects of state cigarette
tax increases on youth substance use over the 1990s, with
most--but not all--finding that higher taxes reduce youth
consumption of tobacco. We advance the literature by using
data from the 1991 to 2005 waves of the national Youth Risk
Behavior Surveys (YRBS), providing information on over
100,000 high school age youths. We also are the first to
make use of hundreds of independently fielded state and
local versions of the YRBS, reflecting data from over
750,000 youths. Importantly, these data are to our knowledge
the only sources of relevant information on youth smoking
that were explicitly designed to be representative of the
sampled state or locality. We estimate two-way fixed effects
models of the effect of state cigarette taxes on youth
smoking, controlling for survey demographics and area and
year fixed effects. Our most consistent finding is
that--contrary to some recent research--the large state
tobacco tax increases of the past 15 years were associated
with significant reductions in smoking participation and
frequent smoking by youths. Our price elasticity estimates
for smoking participation by high school youths are
generally smaller than previous cross-sectional approaches
but are similar to recent quasi-experimental
estimates.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.05.008},
Key = {fds266526}
}
@misc{fds266418,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The burden of "acting white": Do Black adolescents disparage
academic achievement?},
Pages = {275-297},
Booktitle = {Minority Status, Oppositional Culture, and
Schooling},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9780203931967},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203931967},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203931967},
Key = {fds266418}
}
@misc{fds337372,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Assessing Urban Crime and its Control: An
Overview},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds337372}
}
@article{fds266525,
Author = {Sorenson, SB and Cook, PJ},
Title = {'We've got a gun?': Comparing reports of adolescents and
their parents about household firearms},
Journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-19},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20213},
Doi = {10.1002/jcop.20213},
Key = {fds266525}
}
@article{fds266527,
Author = {MacCoun, R and Cook, PJ and Muschkin, C and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Distinguishing spurious and real peer effects: Evidence from
artificial societies, small-group experiments, and real
schoolyards},
Journal = {Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1555-5879},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1555-5879.1226},
Abstract = {In a variety of important domains, there is considerable
correlational evidence suggestive of what are variously
referred to as social norm effects, contagion effects,
information cascades, or peer effects. It is difficult to
statistically identify whether such effects are causal, and
there are various non-causal mechanisms that can produce
such apparent norm effects. Lab experiments demonstrate that
real peer effects occur, but also that apparent cascade or
peer effects can be spurious. A curious feature of American
local school configuration policy provides an opportunity to
identify true peer influences among adolescents. Some school
districts send 6th graders to middle school (e.g., 6th-8th
grade "junior high"); others retain 6th graders for one
additional year in K-6 elementary schools. Using
administrative data on public school students in North
Carolina, we have found that sixth grade students attending
middle schools are much more likely to be cited for
discipline problems than those attending elementary school,
and the effects appear to persist at least through ninth
grade. A plausible explanation is that these effects occur
because sixth graders in middle schools are suddenly exposed
to two cohorts of older, more delinquent peers. © 2008 by
bepress.},
Doi = {10.2202/1555-5879.1226},
Key = {fds266527}
}
@article{fds266524,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {A Free Lunch},
Journal = {Journal of Drug Policy Analysis},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Address = {http://www.bepress.com/jdpa/vol1/iss1/art2},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266524}
}
@misc{fds266299,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Parnell, A and Moore, MJ and Pagnini,
D},
Title = {The Effects of Short-term Variation in Abortion Funding on
Pregnancy Outcomes},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Health Behaviours},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.},
Editor = {Cawley, JH and Kenkel, DS},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266299}
}
@misc{fds266302,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Drinking and Schooling},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Health Behaviours},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.},
Editor = {Cawley, JH and Kenkel, DS},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266302}
}
@misc{fds266400,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Effect of Minimum Drinking Age Legislation on Youthful
Auto Fatalities, 1970-77},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Health Behaviours},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.},
Editor = {Cawley, JH and Kenkel, DS},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266400}
}
@article{fds266502,
Author = {Cook, P and Ludwig, J and Venkatesh, S and Braga,
A},
Title = {Half-cocked},
Journal = {Economist},
Volume = {385},
Number = {8558},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0013-0613},
Key = {fds266502}
}
@article{fds266531,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Venkatesh, S and Braga,
AA},
Title = {Underground gun markets},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {117},
Number = {524},
Pages = {F588-F618},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02098.x},
Abstract = {This article provides an economic analysis of underground
gun markets, drawing on interviews with gang members, gun
dealers, professional thieves, prostitutes, police, public
school security guards and teenagers in the city of Chicago,
complemented by results from government surveys of recent
arrestees in 22 cities, plus administrative data for
suicides, homicides, robberies, arrests and confiscated
crime guns. We find evidence that transactions costs are
considerable in the underground gun market in Chicago, and
to some extent in other cities as well. The most likely
explanation is that the underground gun market is both
illegal and 'thin'-relevant information about trading
opportunities is scarce due to illegality, which makes
search costly for market participants and leads to a market
thickness effect on transaction costs. © 2007 The
Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society
2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02098.x},
Key = {fds266531}
}
@misc{fds157205,
Author = {P.J. Cook and special},
Title = {Symposium on deterrence: editorial introduction},
Journal = {Criminology & Public Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {413-416},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds157205}
}
@article{fds266500,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Reuter, P},
Title = {Response to comments},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {102},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1192-1193},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01938.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01938.x},
Key = {fds266500}
}
@article{fds266501,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Reuter, P},
Title = {When is alcohol just another drug? Some thoughts on research
and policy.},
Journal = {Addiction (Abingdon, England)},
Volume = {102},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1183-1188},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17624970},
Abstract = {<h4>Aim</h4>To reflect on the divergence and overlap between
alcohol and illicit drugs with respect to both current
policies and policy research.<h4>Results</h4>For demand
reduction, there is considerable overlap in programs and
services for prevention and even more clearly for treatment.
For supply controls there is mostly divergence, reflecting
the difference in legal status. Research generally follows
the same pattern. However, a cross-cutting research agenda
on the supply side has merit.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Even in a
prohibition regime, law-enforcement agencies have
considerable discretion. A systematic, pragmatic,
'evidence-based' use of that discretion to reduce harm is
possible. It can be accomplished only by a continuing
program of policy research that measures the harms of drug
use and drug enforcement, assesses the effects of current
policies on both these sources of social cost and explores
alternative strategies. There is a similarly important
project for alcohol and tobacco control policy. The goal for
research on alcohol and tobacco is to document the extent to
which supply controls can be effective in reducing harm; the
additional goal for illicit drugs is to document just how
much the current ideologically driven approach is costing
the public.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01837.x},
Key = {fds266501}
}
@article{fds266530,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Reuter, P},
Title = {When is alcohol just another drug?},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {98},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1182-1188},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266530}
}
@article{fds266498,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Hutchinson, R},
Title = {Smoke Signals: Adolescent Smoking and School
Continuation},
Journal = {Advances in Austrian Economics},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {157-186},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Editor = {Marina Bianchi},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1529-2134},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1529-2134(07)10007-7},
Abstract = {This paper presents an exploratory analysis using NLSY97
data of the relationship between the likelihood of school
continuation and the choices of whether to smoke or
drink.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1529-2134(07)10007-7},
Key = {fds266498}
}
@article{fds266470,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {The Demand for Alcohol, Tobacco and Marijuana: International
Evidence},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Pages = {830-830},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000245811300027&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01813.x},
Key = {fds266470}
}
@misc{fds266385,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {The News & Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds266385}
}
@misc{fds266435,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Cook, Philip J.},
Title = {What if the Lottery were Run for Lottery
Players?},
Publisher = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7523 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266435}
}
@misc{fds178752,
Author = {R.H. Frank and P.J. Cook},
Title = {The Winner-Take-All Society},
Series = {2nd},
Booktitle = {The International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Gale},
Editor = {William A. Darity Jr.},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds178752}
}
@book{fds266426,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Paying the Tab: The Economics of Alcohol
Policy},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266426}
}
@article{fds303083,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Demand for Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana:
International Evidence by S. Selvanathan and E.A.
Selvanathan},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {102},
Pages = {830-830},
Publisher = {Wiley: 12 months},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1360-0443},
Key = {fds303083}
}
@misc{fds266262,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Use and Control of Firearms},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Law & Society},
Publisher = {Sage Publications, Inc.},
Editor = {David S. Clark},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266262}
}
@misc{fds266265,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwing, J},
Title = {The Effects of the Brady Act on Gun Violence},
Booktitle = {Economics of the Criminal Law},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {Levitt, SD and Miles, TJ},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266265}
}
@misc{fds303080,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Hutchinson, R},
Title = {Smoke Signals Adolescent Smoking and School
Continuation},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {157-188},
Booktitle = {The Evolution of Consumption: Theories and
Practices},
Editor = {Bianchi, M},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {This paper presents an exploratory analysis using NLSY97
data of the relationship between the likelihood of school
continuation and the choices of whether to smoke or
drink.},
Key = {fds303080}
}
@misc{fds266329,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Acting White},
Series = {2nd},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Gale},
Editor = {Darity, W},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds266329}
}
@misc{fds266333,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, RH},
Title = {The Winner-take-all Society Why the Few at the Top Get So
Much More Than the Rest of Us},
Booktitle = {The International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Gale},
Editor = {Darity, W},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {More relevant today than ever before, this fascinating book
shows how in business, as in sport, thousands are competing
for only a handful of top prizes.},
Key = {fds266333}
}
@misc{fds266479,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Introduction to Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of
Alcohol Control},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {9780691125206},
Abstract = {What drug provides Americans with the greatest pleasure and
the greatest pain? The answer, hands down, is alcohol. The
pain comes not only from drunk driving and lost lives but
also addiction, family strife, crime, violence, poor health,
and squandered human potential. Young and old, drinkers and
abstainers alike, all are affected. Every American is paying
for alcohol abuse. <i>Paying the Tab</i>, the first
comprehensive analysis of this complex policy issue, calls
for broadening our approach to curbing destructive drinking.
Over the last few decades, efforts to reduce the societal
costs--curbing youth drinking and cracking down on drunk
driving--have been somewhat effective, but woefully
incomplete. In fact, American policymakers have ignored the
influence of the supply side of the equation. Beer and
liquor are far cheaper and more readily available today than
in the 1950s and 1960s. Philip Cook's well-researched and
engaging account chronicles the history of our attempts to
"legislate morality," the overlooked lessons from
Prohibition, and the rise of Alcoholics Anonymous. He
provides a thorough account of the scientific evidence that
has accumulated over the last twenty-five years of economic
and public-health research, which demonstrates that higher
alcohol excise taxes and other supply restrictions are
effective and underutilized policy tools that can cut abuse
while preserving the pleasures of moderate consumption.
<i>Paying the Tab</i> makes a powerful case for a policy
course correction. Alcohol is too cheap, and it's costing
all of us.},
Key = {fds266479}
}
@article{fds266499,
Author = {Sanford, C and Marshall, SW and Martin, SL and Coyne-Beasley, T and Waller, AE and Cook, PJ and Norwood, T and Demissie,
Z},
Title = {Deaths from violence in North Carolina, 2004: how deaths
differ in females and males.},
Journal = {Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for
Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention},
Volume = {12 Suppl 2},
Number = {SUPPL. 2},
Pages = {ii10-ii16},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1353-8047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2006.012617},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To identify gender differences in violent
deaths in terms of incidence, circumstances, and methods of
death.<h4>Design</h4>Analysis of surveillance
data.<h4>Setting</h4>North Carolina, a state of 8.6 million
residents on the eastern seaboard of the
US.<h4>Subjects</h4>1674 North Carolina residents who died
from violence in the state during 2004.<h4>Methods</h4>Information
on violent deaths was collected by the North Carolina
Violent Death Reporting System using data from death
certificates, medical examiner reports, and law enforcement
agency incidence reports.<h4>Results</h4>Suicide and
homicide rates were lower for females than males. For
suicides, females were more likely than males to have a
diagnosis of depression (55% v 36%), a current mental health
problem (66% v 42%), or a history of suicide attempts (25% v
13%). Firearms were the sole method of suicide in 65% of
males and 42% of females. Poisonings were more common in
female than male suicides (37% v 12%). Male and female
homicide victims were most likely to die from a handgun or a
sharp instrument. Fifty seven percent of female homicides
involved intimate partner violence, compared with 13% of
male homicides. Among female homicides involving intimate
partner violence, 78% occurred in the woman's home. White
females had a higher rate of suicide than African-American
females, but African-American females had a higher rate of
homicide than white females.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The
incidence, circumstances, and methods of fatal violence
differ greatly between females and males. These differences
should be taken into account in the development of violence
prevention efforts.},
Doi = {10.1136/ip.2006.012617},
Key = {fds266499}
}
@article{fds266288,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Symposium on Deterrence: Editorial Introduction},
Journal = {Criminology & Public Policy},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {413-416},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266288}
}
@article{fds337373,
Author = {Cook, PJ and MacCoun, R and Muschkin, C and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Should Sixth Grade Be in Elementary or Middle School? An
Analysis of Grade Configuration and Student
Behavior},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds337373}
}
@article{fds266532,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Aiming for evidence-based gun policy},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {691-735},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20202},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20202},
Key = {fds266532}
}
@article{fds266565,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Sorenson, SB},
Title = {The gender gap among teen survey respondents: Why are boys
more likely to report a gun in the home than
girls?},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-76},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10940-005-9002-7},
Abstract = {It is a reliable though unexplained feature of national
surveys that include items on gun ownership that wives are
less likely to report a gun in the home than husbands. In
this article we extend the inquiry regarding this gender gap
in reporting of house hold guns to include adolescent
children (age 12-17 years). The California Health Interview
Survey of 2001, the largest-ever state survey of its kind,
includes over 4000 marital households in which both a parent
and adolescent child were interviewed and asked whether
there was a gun in the home. There is little "age gap" in
reporting - California teens are almost as likely to say
that there is a gun as are their parents - but there is a
gender gap among both the teens and their parents. We also
find a large gap in personal experience with guns - boys are
three times as likely to report hunting or shooting with a
family member than girls. This difference in experience
fully accounts for the gender gap in reporting. The
relevance of these Qndings for the interpretation of survey
data is clear. Whether there is a gun reported in a home
depends to a remarkable extent on which member of the
household is asked the question. Hence, the method of
selection of respondent(s) from within a household will
affect estimates of the patterns and prevalence of gun
ownership, and, potentially, the accuracy of case-control
studies that use self-report information about guns in the
home. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10940-005-9002-7},
Key = {fds266565}
}
@article{fds266497,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Khmilevska, N},
Title = {Cross-national patterns in crime rates},
Journal = {Crime and Justice},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {331-345},
Booktitle = {Crime and Punishment in Western Countries,
1980-1999},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry and David P. Farrington},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0192-3234},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/655369},
Doi = {10.1086/655369},
Key = {fds266497}
}
@article{fds266566,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The social costs of gun ownership},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {90},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {379-391},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.02.003},
Abstract = {This paper provides new estimates of the effect of household
gun prevalence on homicide rates, and infers the marginal
external cost of handgun ownership. The estimates utilize a
superior proxy for gun prevalence, the percentage of
suicides committed with a gun, which we validate. Using
county- and state-level panels for 20 years, we estimate the
elasticity of homicide with respect to gun prevalence as
between +0.1 and +0.3. All of the effect of gun prevalence
is on gun homicide rates. Under certain reasonable
assumptions, the average annual marginal social cost of
household gun ownership is in the range $100 to $1800. ©
2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.02.003},
Key = {fds266566}
}
@misc{fds266279,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Assigning Youths to Minimize Total Harm},
Pages = {67-89},
Booktitle = {Deviant Peer Influences in Programs for Youth: Problems and
Solutions},
Publisher = {The Guilford Press},
Editor = {Dodge, KA and Dishion, TJ and Lansford, JE},
Year = {2006},
Abstract = {A common practice in the fields of education, mental health,
and juvenile justice is to segregate problem youths in
groups with deviant peers. Assignments of this sort, which
concentrate deviant youths, may facilitate deviant peer
influence and lead to perverse outcomes. This possibility
adds to the list of arguments in support of "mainstreaming"
whenever possible. But there are other concerns that help
justify segregated-group assignments, including efficiency
of service delivery and protection of the public. Our
analysis organizes the discussion about the relevant
tradeoffs. First, the number of deviant youths (relative to
the size of the relevant population, or to the number of
assignment locations) affects whether the harm-minimizing
assignment calls for diffusion or segregation. Second, the
nature of the problematic behavior is relevant; behavior
which has a direct, detrimental effect on others who share
the assignment makes a stronger case for segregation. Third,
the capacity for behavior control matters, and may make the
difference in a choice between segregation and integration.
We briefly discuss the empirical literature, which with some
exceptions is inadequate to the task of providing clear
guidance about harm-minimizing assignment strategies.
Finally, we reflect briefly on the medical-practice
principle "first do no harm," and contrast it with the
claims of potential victims of deviants.},
Key = {fds266279}
}
@misc{fds266341,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Correctional Carrot: The Prospect of Reducing Recidivism
through Improved Job Opportunities},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Crime},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc.},
Editor = {Ehrlich, I and Liu, Z},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds266341}
}
@article{fds266591,
Author = {Wintemute, GJ and Cook, PJ and Wright, MA},
Title = {Risk factors among handgun retailers for frequent and
disproportionate sales of guns used in violent and firearm
related crimes.},
Journal = {Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for
Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention},
Volume = {11},
Number = {6},
Pages = {357-363},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1353-8047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2005.009969},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the retailer and community
level factors associated with frequent and disproportionate
sales of handguns that are later used in violent and firearm
related crimes (VFC handguns).<h4>Design</h4>Cross
sectional. The authors used California records to identify
all handguns sold by study subjects during 1996-2000 and
federal gun tracing records to determine which of these guns
had been recovered by a police agency in the US or elsewhere
and traced by 30 September 2003.<h4>Subjects and
setting</h4>The 421 licensed gun retailers in California
selling at least 100 handguns annually during
1996-2000.<h4>Main outcome measure</h4>The number of VFC
handguns per 1000 gun years of exposure. Differences are
expressed as incidence rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence
intervals (CI).<h4>Results</h4>Subjects accounted for 11.7%
of California retailers with handgun sales, 81.5% of handgun
sales, and 85.5% of VFC handguns. Among subjects, the 3426
VFC handguns accounted for 48.0% of all traced handguns and
65.0% of those linked to a specified crime. The median VFC
handgun trace rate was 0.5/1000 gun years (range 0-8.8). In
multivariate analysis, this rate increased substantially for
each single-point increase in the percentage of proposed
sales that were denied because the purchasers were
prohibited from owning guns (RR 1.43; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.56),
and was increased for pawnbrokers (RR 1.26; 95% CI 1.02 to
1.55). Community level crime rates and sociodemographics had
little predictive value.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Risk factors,
largely determined at the retailer level, exist for frequent
and disproportionate sales of handguns that are later used
in violent and firearm related crimes. Screening to identify
high risk retailers could be undertaken with data that are
already available.},
Doi = {10.1136/ip.2005.009969},
Key = {fds266591}
}
@misc{fds337374,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Peters, BL},
Title = {The Myth of the Drinker's Bonus},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds337374}
}
@article{fds266564,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Braga, AA},
Title = {Criminal records of homicide offenders.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {294},
Number = {5},
Pages = {598-601},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16077054},
Abstract = {<h4>Context</h4>Homicide prevention strategies can be either
targeted toward high-risk groups or addressed to the
population at large. One high-risk group of particular
interest is adults with a criminal record. But the
prevalence of a criminal record among homicide offenders has
not been reliably quantified, nor has the prevalence of
criminal record in the general population.<h4>Objective</h4>To
determine what portion of the homicide problem would be
addressed by interventions linked to arrest or
conviction.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A
case-control analysis was performed using a comprehensive
data set of all arrests and felony convictions in Illinois
for 1990-2001. Cases were defined as Illinois residents aged
18 to 64 years who were arrested for homicide in 2001.
Controls were all other Illinois residents aged 18 to 64
years in 2001. Illinois criminal and juvenile record
information for cases and controls was compiled for
1990-2000. Five definitions of previous record were
considered (arrest, arrest for a violent crime, 5 or more
arrests with at least 1 for a violent crime, felony
conviction, and violent-felony conviction), each measured
for 1990-2000 and for 1996-2000.<h4>Main outcome
measure</h4>The population-attributable risk: the portion of
homicide offenses that would be eliminated by a hypothetical
intervention that reduced the offending risk of individuals
with a record to the offending risk of those who lack a
record.<h4>Results</h4>For 1990-2000, 42.6% of 884 cases had
at least 1 felony conviction compared with 3.9% of nearly
7.9 million controls, for a population-attributable risk of
40.3% (95% CI, 37.0%-43.8%); among cases, 71.6% had
experienced any arrest from 1990-2000 compared with 18.2% of
controls, for a population-attributable risk of 65.3% (95%
CI, 61.6%-68.8%). For 1996-2000, the population-attributable
risk among individuals with a felony conviction or any
arrest was 31.0% (95% CI, 27.9%-34.2%) and 58.5% (95% CI,
54.9%-62.1%), respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Interventions
after arrest or conviction, such as supervised release,
imprisonment, correctional programs, or bans on firearm
possession, are targeted toward a group that has relatively
high incidence of lethal violence, but they leave a large
portion of the problem untouched.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.294.5.598},
Key = {fds266564}
}
@misc{fds337375,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Assigning Deviant Youths to Minimize Total
Harm},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds337375}
}
@article{fds266523,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ostermann, J and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The Net Effect of an Alcohol Tax Increase
on},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {278-281},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=937513981&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=15020&RQT=309&VName=PQD},
Abstract = {This article combines new estimates on the effect of per
capital alcohol consumption on drinking patterns with a
summary estimate from the epidemiology literature of
relative risks associated with different levels of drinking.
It is calculated that a permanent reduction of 1% in alcohol
consumption per capital, induced by a tax increase or some
other mechanism, would have little net effect on mortality
in middle age. Sensitivity experiments suggest that the
effect may be positive or negative but is always close to
zero. Since there is no health benefit from drinking for
younger people, and considerable risks, it is concluded that
the public-health case for increased alcohol taxation is
strong.},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774670419},
Key = {fds266523}
}
@article{fds304155,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Cook, PJ and Ostermann, J},
Title = {Net Effect of an Alcohol Tax Increase on Death Rates in
Middle Age},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {278-281},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282805774670419},
Doi = {10.1257/000282805774670419},
Key = {fds304155}
}
@article{fds339379,
Author = {Wintermute, GJ and Cook, PJ and Wright, M},
Title = {Risk Factors among Handgun Retailers for Frequent and
Disproportionate Sales of Guns Used in Violent and
Firearm-Related Crimes},
Pages = {357-363},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds339379}
}
@misc{fds303074,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Khmilevska, N},
Title = {Cross-National Patterns in Crime Rates},
Pages = {331-345},
Booktitle = {Crime and Punishment in Western Countries,
1980-1999},
Publisher = {Univesity of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M and Farrington, DP},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds303074}
}
@article{fds266453,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Can gun control work?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {198-201},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000187114600020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.10191},
Key = {fds266453}
}
@article{fds266495,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Public policy perspectives: Principles for effective gun
policy},
Journal = {Fordham Law Review},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {589-614},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0015-704X},
Key = {fds266495}
}
@article{fds266580,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Principles for effective gun policy},
Journal = {FORDHAM LAW REVIEW},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {589-613},
Publisher = {FORDHAM UNIV SCHOOL LAW},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0015-704X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000225385300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We review the evidence pertinent to judging the
effectiveness of policies to reduce the use of firearms in
crime. One goal is to correct popular misconceptions based
on such sources as bumper-strip slogans (“Guns don’t
kill people, people kill people”) and Michael Moore’s
documentary Bowling for Columbine. A second goal is to
describe an evidence-based approach to firearms policy. We
conclude that a promising strategy for reducing gun violence
is to make guns a legal liability to criminals, a goal that
can be furthered through a variety of both regulatory and
law-enforcement tactics. Furthermore, while existing
“supply side” regulations on gun transfers (what most
people mean by “gun control”) do not appear to have had
much effect, several innovative approaches to shrinking the
illicit market are worth serious consideration.},
Key = {fds266580}
}
@article{fds266581,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Youths' involvement with guns: motivation vs
availability.},
Journal = {Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine},
Volume = {158},
Number = {7},
Pages = {705},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.158.7.705},
Doi = {10.1001/archpedi.158.7.705},
Key = {fds266581}
}
@article{fds266589,
Author = {Azrael, D and Cook, PJ and Miller, M},
Title = {State and local prevalence of firearms ownership
measurement, structure, and trends},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-62},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOQC.0000016699.11995.c7},
Abstract = {Of the readily computed proxies for the prevalence of gun
ownership, one, the percentage of suicides committed with a
gun, is most highly correlated with survey-based estimates.
It is the best choice for use in cross-section analysis of
the effect of gun prevalence on crime patterns across states
and larger counties. Analysis of this proxy measure for the
period 1979-1997 demonstrates that the geographic structure
of gun ownership has been highly stable. That structure is
closely linked to rural tradition. There is, however, some
tendency toward homogenization over this period, with
high-prevalence states trending down and low-prevalence
states trending up.},
Doi = {10.1023/B:JOQC.0000016699.11995.c7},
Key = {fds266589}
}
@article{fds266588,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Does gun prevalence affect teen gun carrying after
all?},
Journal = {Criminology},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-54},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0011-1384},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2004.tb00512.x},
Abstract = {Previous research suggests that American adolescents usually
have ready access to guns, and that the extent of misuse of
guns by adolescents is not much affected by local gun
prevalence or regulation. This "futility" claim is based on
one interpretation of survey data from several cities, but
has not been tested directly. Here we do so using microdata
from a nationally representative survey, the 1995 National
Survey of Adolescent Males. Using the restricted geo-coded
version of these data, and conditioning on an extensive set
of covariates, we find (among other results) that the
likelihood of gun carrying increases markedly with the
prevalence of gun ownership in the given community. We also
analyze the propensity to carry other types of weapons,
finding that it is unrelated to the local prevalence of gun
ownership. The prevalence of youths carrying both guns and
other weapons is positively related to the local rate of
youth violence (as measured by the robbery rate),
confirmatory evidence that weapons carrying by youths is
motivated in part by self-protection.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1745-9125.2004.tb00512.x},
Key = {fds266588}
}
@article{fds303084,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Can Gun Control Work? by James B. Jacobs},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23 (1)},
Number = {Winter},
Pages = {198-201},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds303084}
}
@article{fds266476,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Can gun control work&quest},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {198-201},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds266476}
}
@article{fds266578,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Pricing and Taxation of Alcohol: What is the 'Right' Tax
Rate? Comment on Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {98},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1356-1357},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00515.x},
Doi = {10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00515.x},
Key = {fds266578}
}
@article{fds304154,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Pricing and taxation of alcohol: What is the 'right' tax
rate? Comment on chapter 6: Pricing and taxation},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {98},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1356-1357},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00515.x},
Doi = {10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00515.x},
Key = {fds304154}
}
@article{fds266547,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Meeting the Demand for Expert Advice on Drug
Policy},
Journal = {Criminology and Public Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {565-570},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
url = {http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=408592461&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=15020&RQT=309&VName=PQD},
Abstract = {Cook comments on Manski's essay entitled "Credible Research
Practices to Inform Drug Law Enforcement." Although he
agrees with Manski that the quality of the statistical
evidence is poor, he holds that drug enforcement researchers
have made important contributions in structuring and
defining the drug problem. Moreover, he suggests that the
public interest would be well served if policy makers heeded
the advice of drug policy researchers.},
Key = {fds266547}
}
@article{fds266590,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Fact-free gun policy?},
Journal = {University of Pennsylvania Law Review},
Volume = {151},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1329-1340},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3312931},
Doi = {10.2307/3312931},
Key = {fds266590}
}
@book{fds14350,
Title = {Evaluating Gun Violence},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {J Ludwig and PJ Cook},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14350}
}
@book{fds266425,
Title = {Evaluating Gun Policy},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266425}
}
@misc{fds266266,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Effects of the Brady Act on Gun Violence},
Pages = {283-298},
Booktitle = {Guns, Crime, and Punishment in America},
Publisher = {NYU Press},
Editor = {Harcourt, BE},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266266}
}
@misc{fds266267,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Pragmatic Gun Policy},
Pages = {1-37},
Booktitle = {Evaluating Gun Policy},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266267}
}
@misc{fds266268,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Effects of Gun Prevalence on Burglary Deterrence Vs.
Inducement},
Pages = {74-118},
Booktitle = {Evaluating Gun Policy},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266268}
}
@misc{fds266270,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Braga, A},
Title = {New Law Enforcement Uses for Comprehensive Firearms Trace
Data},
Pages = {163-187},
Booktitle = {Guns, Crime, and Punishment},
Publisher = {NYU Press},
Editor = {Harcourt, BE},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266270}
}
@misc{fds266281,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {'Comment' on 'Catching Cheating Teachers'},
Pages = {2010-215},
Booktitle = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs
2003},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Gale, WG and Pack, JR},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266281}
}
@misc{fds266379,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {What did the sniper case teach us? Lessons in Gun
Control},
Journal = {News & Observer (Raleigh)},
Pages = {25A-25A},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds266379}
}
@article{fds303089,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The costs of gun violence against children.},
Journal = {The Future of children},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {86-99},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1054-8289},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1602740},
Abstract = {Gun violence imposes significant costs on children,
families, and American society as a whole. But these costs
can be difficult to quantify, as much of the burden of gun
violence results from intangible concerns about injury and
death. This article explores several methods for estimating
the costs of gun violence. One method is to assess how much
Americans would be willing to pay to reduce the risk of gun
violence. The authors use this "willingness-to-pay"
framework to estimate the total costs of gun violence. Their
approach yields the following lessons: Although gun violence
has a disproportionate impact on the poor, it imposes costs
on the entire socioeconomic spectrum through increased
taxes, decreased property values, limits on choices of where
to live and visit, and safety concerns. Most of the costs of
gun violence--especially violence against children--result
from concerns about safety. These are not captured by the
traditional public health approach to estimating costs,
which focuses on medical expenses and lost earnings. When
people in a national survey were asked about their
willingness to pay for reductions in gun violence, their
answers suggested that the costs of gun violence are
approximately $100 billion per year, of which at least $15
billion is directly attributable to gun violence against
youth. The authors note that in light of the substantial
costs of gun violence, even modestly effective regulatory
and other interventions may generate benefits to society
that exceed costs.},
Doi = {10.2307/1602740},
Key = {fds303089}
}
@misc{fds337376,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Effects of Gun Prevalence on Burglary: Deterrence vs
Inducement},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds337376}
}
@article{fds266464,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drug War Heresies: Learning from Other Vices, Times, and
Places by Robert J. MacCoun and Peter Reuter. Why Our
Drug Laws Have Failed and What We Can Do About It: A
Judicial Indictment of the War on Drugs by James P.
Gray},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {303-306},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000174367800011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.10032},
Key = {fds266464}
}
@article{fds266584,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {The economics of alcohol abuse and alcohol-control
policies.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {120-133},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11900152},
Abstract = {Economic research has contributed to the evaluation of
alcohol policy through empirical analysis of the effects of
alcohol-control measures on alcohol consumption and its
consequences. It has also provided an accounting framework
for defining and comparing costs and benefits of alcohol
consumption and related policy interventions, including
excise taxes. The most important finding from the economics
literature is that consumers tend to drink less ethanol, and
have fewer alcohol-related problems, when alcoholic beverage
prices are increased or alcohol availability is restricted.
That set of findings is relevant for policy purposes because
alcohol abuse imposes large "external" costs on others.
Important challenges remain, including developing a better
understanding of the effects of drinking on labor-market
productivity.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.120},
Key = {fds266584}
}
@article{fds266447,
Author = {Braga, AA and Cook, PJ and Kennedy, DM and Moore,
MH},
Title = {The Illegal Supply of Firearms},
Journal = {Crime and Justice},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {319-352},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: A Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0192-3234},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000179795600006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The case for focusing regulatory and enforcement efforts on
the illegal supply of forearms to criminals rests on the
belief that a supply-side approach has the potential to
reduce the use of guns in violence. The case against this
focus follows from the belief that guns in America are so
readily available, and from such a variety of sources, that
efforts to restrict the supply are futile. Individuals who
are proscribed from buying guns legally (because of their
criminal record or youth) tend to acquire firearms from
“point” sources, such as illegal traffickers and
scofflaw dealers, and “diffuse sources,” including all
sorts of informal transfers from the vast stock of weapons
in private hands. Both are important. The mix within a
jurisdiction appears to depend on the prevalence of gun
ownership and the stringency of state regulations. A variety
of promising supply-side measures are available, and some
have been tried. Lessons have been learned – for example,
that gun “buybacks” are ineffective – but for the most
part any conclusions necessarily are speculative. Systematic
“experimentation” with different tactics appears
warranted.},
Doi = {10.1086/652223},
Key = {fds266447}
}
@misc{fds266474,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Laub, JH},
Title = {After the Epidemic: Recent Trends in Youth Violence in the
United States},
Pages = {1-37},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: A Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000179795600001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The epidemic of youth violence in the United States peaked
in 1993 and has been followed by a rapid, sustained drop. We
assess two types of explanation for this drop – those that
focus on “cohort” effects (including the effects of
abortion legalization) and those that focus on “period”
effects (including the effects of the changing crack-cocaine
trade). We are able to reject the cohort-type explanations
yet also find contradictions with an account based on the
dynamics of crack markets. The “way out” of this
epidemic has not been the same as the “way in.” The
relative importance in homicide of youths, racial
minorities, and guns, all of which increased greatly during
the epidemic, has remained high during the drop. Arrest
patterns tell a somewhat different story, in part because of
changing police practice with respect to aggravated assault.
Finally, we demonstrate that the rise and fall of youth
violence has been narrowly confined with respect to race,
sex, and age, but not geography. Given the volatility in the
rates of juvenile violence, forecasting rates is a risky
business indeed. Effectively narrowing the range of
plausible explanations for the recent ups and downs may
require a long time horizon, consideration of a broader
array of problem behaviors, and comparisons with trends in
other countries.},
Doi = {10.1086/652218},
Key = {fds266474}
}
@misc{fds14353,
Author = {PJ Cook and J Ludwig},
Title = {Litigation as Regulation: Firearms},
Booktitle = {Regulation Through Litigation},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {WK Viscusi},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds14353}
}
@article{fds303085,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drug War Heresies by Robert J. MacCoun and Peter
Reuter},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {21 (2)},
Number = {Spring},
Pages = {303-306},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds303085}
}
@article{fds266480,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drug War Heresies: Learning from Other Vices, Times, and
Places by Robert J. MacCoun and Peter Reuter},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {303-306},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds266480}
}
@article{fds266583,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Leitzel, JA},
Title = {'Smart' Guns: A Technological Fix for Regulating the
Secondary Gun Market},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Problems},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-49},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cep/20.1.38},
Doi = {10.1093/cep/20.1.38},
Key = {fds266583}
}
@misc{fds266271,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MH and Braga, A},
Title = {Gun Control},
Pages = {291-329},
Booktitle = {Crime: Public Policies For Crime Control},
Publisher = {ICS Press},
Editor = {Wilson, JQ and Petersilia, J},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266271}
}
@misc{fds303075,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Laub, JH},
Title = {After the Epidemic: Recent Trends in Youth Violence in the
United States},
Pages = {117-153},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: A Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds303075}
}
@misc{fds303071,
Author = {Braga, AA and Cook, PJ and Kennedy, DM and Moore,
MH},
Title = {The Illegal Supply of Firearms},
Pages = {229-262},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: A Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds303071}
}
@article{fds266358,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {What Price Fame? by Tyler Cowen},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {933-935},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds266358}
}
@article{fds266463,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {What price fame?},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {933-935},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000171208300028&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266463}
}
@article{fds266465,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Cost-benefit analysis of heroin maintenance treatment
(medical prescription of narcotics, volume
II)},
Journal = {ADDICTION},
Volume = {96},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1071-1072},
Publisher = {CARFAX PUBLISHING},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000169657400017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266465}
}
@misc{fds266380,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Protecting the Public in Presidential Style},
Journal = {News & Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266380}
}
@misc{fds266381,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Toward Smarter Gun Laws},
Journal = {The Christian Science Monitor},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds266381}
}
@article{fds266596,
Author = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Benefits of Reducing Gun Violence: Evidence from
Contingent-Valuation Survey Data},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {207-226},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011144500928},
Abstract = {This article presents an estimate of the benefits of
reducing crime using the contingent-valuation (CV) method.
We focus on gun violence, a crime of growing policy concern
in America. Our data come from a national survey in which we
ask respondents referendum-type questions that elicit their
willingness-to-pay (WTP) to reduce gun violence by 30%. We
estimate that the public's WTP to reduce gun assaults by 30%
equals $24.5 billion, or around $1.2 million per injury. Our
estimate implies a statistical value of life that is quite
consistent with those derived from other
methods.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1011144500928},
Key = {fds266596}
}
@article{fds47461,
Author = {PJ Cook and A Braga},
Title = {Comprehensive Firearms Tracing: Strategic and Investigative
Uses of New Data on Firearms Markets},
Journal = {Arizona Law Review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-309},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds47461}
}
@article{fds303086,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis of Heroin Maintenance Treatment by
Felix Gutzwiller and Thomas Steffen},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {96},
Pages = {1071-1072},
Publisher = {Wiley: 12 months},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {1360-0443},
Key = {fds303086}
}
@article{fds266585,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Braga, A},
Title = {Comprehensive Firearms Tracing: Strategic and Investigative
Uses of New Data on Firearms Markets},
Journal = {Arizona Law Review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-309},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266585}
}
@misc{fds266283,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Forward},
Booktitle = {Costs and Benefits of Preventing Crime},
Publisher = {Westview Press},
Editor = {Welsh, BC and Farrington, DP and Sherman, LW},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266283}
}
@misc{fds266297,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Environment and Persistence in Youthful Drinking
Patterns},
Pages = {375-437},
Booktitle = {Risky Behavior Among Youths: An Economic
Analysis},
Publisher = {Univesity of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Gruber, J},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266297}
}
@misc{fds266308,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Technology of Personal Violence},
Booktitle = {The Gun Control Debate: You Decide},
Publisher = {Promethus Books},
Editor = {Nisbet, L},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266308}
}
@article{fds266446,
Author = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Impact of the Brady Act on homicide and suicide rates -
Reply},
Journal = {JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION},
Volume = {284},
Number = {21},
Pages = {2720-2721},
Publisher = {AMER MEDICAL ASSOC},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165509500019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266446}
}
@article{fds266491,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Chapter 30 Alcohol},
Journal = {Handbook of Health Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {PART B},
Pages = {1629-1673},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1574-0064},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80043-8},
Abstract = {Excess drinking is associated with lost productivity,
accidents, disability, early death, crime, neglect of family
responsibilities, and personality deterioration. These and
related concerns have justified special restrictions on
alcoholic-beverage commerce and consumption. The nature and
extent of government involvement in this arena vary widely
over time and place, and are often controversial. Economists
have contributed to the evaluation of alcohol policy through
empirical work on the effects of alcohol-control measures on
consumption and its consequences. Economics has also
provided an accounting framework for defining and comparing
costs and benefits of interventions, including excise taxes.
Outside of the policy arena, economists have analyzed
alcohol consumption in the context of stretching the
standard model of consumer choice to include intertemporal
effects and social influence. Nonetheless, perhaps the most
important contribution by economists has been the repeated
demonstration that there is nothing unusual about alcohol in
at least one essential respect: consumers drink less ethanol
(and have fewer alcohol-related problems) when
alcohol-beverage prices are increased. Important econometric
challenges remain, including the search for a satisfactory
resolution to the conflicting results on the effect of price
changes on consumption by consumers who tend to drink
heavily. There are also unresolved puzzles about the
relationship between drinking and productivity; even after
controlling for a variety of other characteristics, drinkers
tend to have higher earnings than abstainers, and women's
earnings (but not men's) tend to increase with alcohol
consumption. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80043-8},
Key = {fds266491}
}
@article{fds266493,
Author = {Kleck, G and Marvell, T},
Title = {Impact of the Brady Act on homicide and suicide
rates.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {284},
Number = {21},
Pages = {2718-2719},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.21.2718},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.284.21.2718},
Key = {fds266493}
}
@misc{fds266382,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Has the Brady Act Been Successful?},
Journal = {The Charlotte Observer},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266382}
}
@article{fds266597,
Author = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Homicide and suicide rates associated with implementation of
the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {284},
Number = {5},
Pages = {585-591},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.5.585},
Abstract = {<h4>Context</h4>In February 1994, the Brady Handgun Violence
Prevention Act established a nationwide requirement that
licensed firearms dealers observe a waiting period and
initiate a background check for handgun sales. The effects
of this act have not been analyzed.<h4>Objective</h4>To
determine whether implementation of the Brady Act was
associated with reductions in homicide and suicide
rates.<h4>Design and setting</h4>Analysis of vital
statistics data in the United States for 1985 through 1997
from the National Center for Health Statistics.<h4>Main
outcome measures</h4>Total and firearm homicide and suicide
rates per 100,000 adults (>/=21 years and >/=55 years) and
proportion of homicides and suicides resulting from firearms
were calculated by state and year. Controlling for
population age, race, poverty and income levels, urban
residence, and alcohol consumption, the 32 "treatment"
states directly affected by the Brady Act requirements were
compared with the 18 "control" states and the District of
Columbia, which had equivalent legislation already in
place.<h4>Results</h4>Changes in rates of homicide and
suicide for treatment and control states were not
significantly different, except for firearm suicides among
persons aged 55 years or older (-0.92 per 100,000; 95%
confidence interval [CI], -1.43 to -0.42). This reduction in
suicides for persons aged 55 years or older was much
stronger in states that had instituted both waiting periods
and background checks (-1.03 per 100,000; 95% CI, -1.58 to
-0.47) than in states that only changed background check
requirements (-0.17 per 100,000; 95% CI, -1.09 to
0.75).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Based on the assumption that the
greatest reductions in fatal violence would be within states
that were required to institute waiting periods and
background checks, implementation of the Brady Act appears
to have been associated with reductions in the firearm
suicide rate for persons aged 55 years or older but not with
reductions in homicide rates or overall suicide rates.
However, the pattern of implementation of the Brady Act does
not permit a reliable analysis of a potential effect of
reductions in the flow of guns from treatment-state gun
dealers into secondary markets. JAMA. 2000;284:585-591},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.284.5.585},
Key = {fds266597}
}
@book{fds47480,
Author = {PJ Cook and J Ludwig},
Title = {Gun Violence: The Real Costs},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds47480}
}
@book{fds266424,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Gun Violence: The Real Costs},
Pages = {1-256},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2000},
ISBN = {0195137930},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195153842.001.0001},
Abstract = {Until now researchers have assessed the burden imposed by
gunshot injuries and deaths in terms of medical costs and
lost productivity. Here, the chapters widen the lens,
developing a framework to calculate the full costs borne by
Americans in a society where both gun violence and its
ever-present threat mandate responses that touch every
aspect of our lives. All Americans share the costs of gun
violence. Whether waiting in line to pass through airport
security or paying taxes for the protection of public
officials; whether buying a transparent book-bag for their
children to meet their school's post-Columbine regulations
or subsidizing an urban trauma center, the steps taken are
many and the expenditures enormous. The chapters reveal that
investments in prevention, avoidance, and harm reduction,
both public and private, constitute a far greater share of
the gun-violence burden than previously recognized. They
also employ extensive survey data to measure the subjective
costs of living in a society where there is risk of being
shot or losing a loved one or neighbor to gunfire. At the
same time, they demonstrate that the problem of gun violence
is not intractable. The review of the available evidence
suggests that there are both additional gun regulations and
targeted law enforcement measures that will help. This book
moves the debate over gun violence past symbolic politics to
a direct engagement with the costs and benefits of policies
that hold promise for reducing gun violence and may even pay
for themselves.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195153842.001.0001},
Key = {fds266424}
}
@misc{fds266298,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Alcohol},
Volume = {1B},
Pages = {1629-1673},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Health Economics},
Publisher = {North-Holland},
Editor = {Culyer, AJ and Newhouse, JP},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds266298}
}
@article{fds266456,
Author = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ and Smith, TW},
Title = {Ludwig et al. Respond},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {89},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1442-1442},
Publisher = {American Public Health Association},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000082214600036&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.89.9.1442-a},
Key = {fds266456}
}
@article{fds266490,
Author = {Trent, RB and Van Court and JC and Kim, AN},
Title = {Household gun ownership.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {89},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1442},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.89.9.1442},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.89.9.1442},
Key = {fds266490}
}
@article{fds266492,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Lawrence, BA and Ludwig, J and Miller,
TR},
Title = {The medical costs of gunshot injuries in the United
States.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {282},
Number = {5},
Pages = {447-454},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10442660},
Abstract = {<h4>Context</h4>The cost of treating gunshot injuries
imposes a financial burden on society. Estimates of such
costs are relevant to evaluation of gun violence reduction
programs and may help guide reimbursement
policies.<h4>Objectives</h4>To develop reliable US estimates
of the medical costs of treating gunshot injuries and to
present national estimates for the sources of payment for
treating these injuries.<h4>Design and setting</h4>Cost
analysis using E-coded discharge data from hospitals in
Maryland for 1994-1995 and New York for 1994 and from
emergency departments in South Carolina for 1997. Other
sources of data included the National Electronic Injury
Surveillance System for 1994 incidence of nonfatal gun
injuries, the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center
database for 1988-1992 estimates of lifetime medical costs
of gun injuries, and the 1994 Vital Statistics census for
incidence of fatal gun injuries.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>Estimated national acute-care and follow-up
treatment costs and payment sources for gunshot
injuries.<h4>Results</h4>At a mean medical cost per injury
of about $17000, the 134445 (95% confidence interval [CI],
109465-159425) gunshot injuries in the United States in 1994
produced $2.3 billion (95% CI, $2.1 billion-$2.5 billion) in
lifetime medical costs (in 1994 dollars, using a 3% real
discount rate), of which $1.1 billion (49%) was paid by US
taxpayers. Gunshot injuries due to assaults accounted for
74% of total costs.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Gunshot injury costs
represent a substantial burden to the medical care system.
Nearly half this cost is borne by US taxpayers.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.282.5.447},
Key = {fds266492}
}
@misc{fds266434,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Cook, Philip J.},
Title = {State Lotteries at the Turn of the Century: Report to the
National Gambling Impact Study Commission},
Pages = {51 pages},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7548 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This report provides an overview of lottery operations, with
particular attention to who plays the lottery, how the
lotteries are marketed, and what kinds of policy
alternatives exist for state and federal policymakers.
Section I of the report provides a descriptive overview of
state lotteries, a statistical profile, and a description of
the distribution and size of their revenues. Section II
discusses the findings from the national survey of gambling
conducted by NORC for the Commission. Section III presents a
preliminary analysis of data available to marketers as well
as an initial assessment of marketing plans. The final
section of the report discusses the prominent policy issues
involved in the legalization and operation of state
lotteries.},
Key = {fds266434}
}
@misc{fds266386,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {0pEd.},
Journal = {The News & Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds266386}
}
@misc{fds337377,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Alcohol},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds337377}
}
@article{fds47365,
Author = {PJ Cook and A Parnell and MJ Moore and D Pagnini},
Title = {The Effects of Short-Term Variation in Abortion Funding on
Pregnancy Outcomes},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-258},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {The appropriations for North Carolina's abortion fund have
proven inadequate during five of the years betweeen 1980 and
1994. This on-again, off-again funding pattern provides a
natural experiment for estimating the short-run effect of
changes in the cost of abortions on the number of abortions
to indigent women. Using an unusually detailed dataset, we
estimate the effects of funding termination on the monthly
abortion and birth rates. Overall, approximately one-third
of pregnancies that would have resulted in an abortion, had
state funds been available, are instead carried to
term.},
Key = {fds47365}
}
@article{fds47457,
Author = {PJ Cook and B Lawrence and J Ludwig and T Miller},
Title = {The Medical Costs of Gunshot Wounds},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {282},
Number = {5},
Pages = {447-454},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds47457}
}
@misc{fds207532,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Pieces},
Journal = {The News & Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds207532}
}
@article{fds266586,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Lawrence, B and Ludwig, J and Miller,
T},
Title = {The Medical Costs of Gunshot Wounds},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {282},
Number = {5},
Pages = {447-454},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds266586}
}
@article{fds266587,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Parnell, A and Moore, MJ and Pagnini,
D},
Title = {The Effects of Short-Term Variation in Abortion Funding on
Pregnancy Outcomes},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-258},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6296(98)00048-4},
Abstract = {The appropriations for North Carolina's abortion fund have
proven inadequate during five of the years between 1980 and
1994. This on-again, off-again funding pattern provides a
natural experiment for estimating the short-run effect of
changes in the cost of abortions on the number of abortions
to indigent women. Using an unusually detailed dataset, we
estimate the effects of funding termination on the monthly
abortion and birth rates. Overall, approximately one-third
of pregnancies that would have resulted in an abortion, had
state funds been available, are instead carried to
term.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-6296(98)00048-4},
Key = {fds266587}
}
@misc{fds266272,
Author = {Kellermann, AL and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Armed and Dangerous: Guns in American Homes},
Pages = {425-440},
Booktitle = {Lethal Imagination: Violence and Brutality in American
History},
Publisher = {New York University Press},
Editor = {Bellesiles, MA},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds266272}
}
@article{fds266539,
Author = {Ludwig, J and Cook, PJ and Smith, TW},
Title = {The gender gap in reporting household gun
ownership.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {88},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1715-1718},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&an=1259610&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study examined errors in estimating
household gun ownership that result from interviewing only 1
adult per household.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from 2 recent
telephone surveys and a series of in-person surveys were
used to compare reports of household gun ownership by
husbands and wives.<h4>Results</h4>In the telephone surveys,
the rate of household gun ownership reported by husbands
exceeded wives' reports by an average of 12 percentage
points; husbands' reports also implied 43.3 million more
guns. The median "gender gap" in recent in-person surveys is
7 percentage points.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Future research
should focus on respondents' reports about personally owned
guns.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.88.11.1715},
Key = {fds266539}
}
@article{fds266460,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Safer guns},
Journal = {ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {12-12},
Publisher = {NATL ACAD SCIENCES},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0748-5492},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000076437000010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266460}
}
@article{fds266567,
Author = {Teret, SP and Webster, DW and Vernick, JS and Smith, TW and Leff, D and Wintemute, GJ and Cook, PJ and Hawkins, DF and Kellermann, AL and Sorenson, SB and DeFrancesco, S},
Title = {Support for new policies to regulate firearms. Results of
two national surveys.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {339},
Number = {12},
Pages = {813-818},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199809173391206},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>New policy options are emerging in the
debate regarding the regulation of firearms in the United
States. These options include the treatment of firearms as
consumer products, the design of which can be regulated for
safety; denial of gun ownership to those convicted of
misdemeanors; and strategies to curtail the illegal sale of
guns. The public's opinion of these innovative gun-policy
options has not been thoroughly assessed.<h4>Methods</h4>We
conducted two telephone surveys of 1200 adults each in the
United States in 1996 and 1997-1998. Cognitive interviews
and pretests were used in the development of the survey
instruments. Potential participants were then contacted by
random-digit dialing of telephone numbers.<h4>Results</h4>A
majority of the respondents favored safety standards for new
handguns. These standards included childproofing (favored by
88 percent of respondents), personalization (devices that
permit firing only by an authorized person; 71 percent),
magazine safeties (devices that prevent firing after the
magazine or clip is removed; 82 percent), and loaded-chamber
indicators (devices that show whether the handgun is loaded;
73 percent). There was strong support for policies
prohibiting persons convicted of specific misdemeanors from
purchasing a firearm. Support for such prohibitions was
strongest for crimes involving violence or the illegal use
of a firearm (83 to 95 percent) or substance abuse (71 to 92
percent). There was also widespread support for policies
designed to reduce the illegal sale of guns, such as
mandatory tamper-resistant serial numbers (90 percent), a
limit of one handgun purchase per customer per month (81
percent), and mandatory registration of handguns (82
percent). Even among the subgroup of respondents who were
gun owners, a majority were in favor of stricter gun
regulations with regard to 20 of the 22 proposals covered in
the poll.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Strong public support, even
among gun owners, for innovative strategies to regulate
firearms suggests that these proposals warrant serious
consideration by policy makers.},
Doi = {10.1056/nejm199809173391206},
Key = {fds266567}
}
@article{fds266359,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Reducing Firearm Injury and Death: A public health
sourcebook on guns by Trudy Ann Karlson and Stephen W.
Hargarten},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Publisher = {Massachusetts Medical Society},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1533-4406},
Key = {fds266359}
}
@article{fds266538,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Defensive Gun Uses: New Evidence from a National
Survey},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-131},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=11303450&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {The number of civilian defensive gun uses (DGUs) against
criminal attackers is regularly invoked in public policy
debates as a benefit of widespread private ownership of
firearms. Yet there is considerable uncertainty for the
prevalence of civilian DGUs, with estimates ranging from
108,000 (using the National Crime Victimization Survey) to
2.5 million (using smaller telephone surveys) per year. In
this paper we analyze the results of a new national
random-digit-dial telephone survey to estimate the
prevalence of DGU and then discuss the plausibility of the
results in light of other well-known facts and possible
sources of bias in survey data for sensitive behaviors.
Because DGU is a relatively rare event by any measure, a
small proportion of respondents who falsely report a gun use
can produce substantial overestimates of the prevalence of
DGU, even if every true defensive gun user conceals his or
her use. We find that estimates from this new survey are
apparently subject to a large positive bias, which calls
into question the accuracy of DGU estimates based on data
from general-population surveys. Our analysis also suggests
that available survey data are not able to determine whether
reported DGU incidents, even if true, add to or detract from
public health and safety.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1023077303928},
Key = {fds266538}
}
@misc{fds47413,
Author = {PJ Cook},
Title = {The Unprecedented Epidemic in Youth Violence},
Pages = {101-138},
Booktitle = {Youth Violence},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry and Mark H. Moore},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds47413}
}
@misc{fds266284,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Epidemic of Youth Gun Violence},
Pages = {107-125},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Crime and Violence:1997-1998 Lecture
Series},
Publisher = {National Institute of Justice},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {An epidemic of youth gun violence has swept the United
States in recent years. The increase in youth homicide,
which began in the mid-1980s and peaked in 1993, was
unusual, large, abrupt, and unprecedented. Although it is
now 5 years past the peak, great uncertainty remains about
its causes and what can be done to head off the next
epidemic. During the early 1980s, violent crime rates in the
United States were generally headed down from a previous
record-breaking peak in 1980. But in 1985, this positive
trend reversed—not for everyone, but for demographic
groups with the highest prevalence of perpetrators and
victims of violent crime. While homicide rates for older
adults continued to decline, adolescents and young adults in
minority communities increasingly resorted to gunplay and
suffered its deadly consequences. My objective is to
describe this epidemic of youth gun violence and consider
two prominent explanations of the problem that have
influenced policy over the past 7 or 8 years. One school of
thought explains the epidemic in terms of the character of
the youths involved. Other researchers see the problem in
terms of the context in which the youths operate. In my
opinion, the evidence favors context over character. A
focused response to this epidemic was slow in coming, but in
recent years a number of law enforcement innovations
designed to separate kids from guns have been implemented
around the country. Although the research results are not
yet in, many of these efforts may have helped turn the
corner in reducing homicide rates.},
Key = {fds266284}
}
@misc{fds266285,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Laub, J},
Title = {The Unprecedented Epidemic},
Pages = {101-138},
Booktitle = {Youth Violence},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M and Moore, MH},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds266285}
}
@misc{fds266305,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MH},
Title = {Guns, Gun Control, and Homicide: A Review of Research and
Public Policy},
Pages = {277-296},
Booktitle = {Homicide: A Sourcebook of Social Research},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Editor = {Smith, MD and Zahn, MA},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds266305}
}
@misc{fds266306,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Leitzel, J},
Title = {Gun Control},
Booktitle = {New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and
Law},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds266306}
}
@misc{fds266330,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Burden of 'Acting White:' Do Black Adolescents Disparage
Academic Achievement?},
Pages = {375-400},
Booktitle = {The Black-White Test Score Gap},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Jencks, C and Phillips, M},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds266330}
}
@misc{fds303077,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MH},
Title = {Guns, Gun Control, and Homicide: A Review of Research and
Public Policy},
Pages = {246-273},
Booktitle = {Studying and Preventing Homicide: Issues and
Challenges},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Editor = {Smith, MD and Zahn, MA},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds303077}
}
@article{fds266535,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Weighing the “burden of ‘acting white’”: Are there
race differences in attitudes toward education?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-278},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&an=9712030902&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {Analyzes the `National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988'
to answer three questions on race differences in attitudes
toward education in the United States. Greater alienation
experienced by blacks toward school than non-Hispanic
whites; Peer penalties for academic success; Impact of
family backgrounds between blacks and whites in the
educational process. Winner of the Vernon Prize for best
paper in Volume 16.},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1520-6688(199721)16:2<256::aid-pam4>3.3.co;2-9},
Key = {fds266535}
}
@article{fds266540,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J and Hemenway, D},
Title = {The gun debate's new mythical number: How many defensive
uses per year?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {463-469},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997XD96800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Presents information on a number of Americans who use guns
defensively against a criminal attacker each year. Details
on research supporting this fact; Why widespread gun
ownership is a net plus for public safety.},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1520-6688(199722)16:3<463::aid-pam6>3.0.co;2-f},
Key = {fds266540}
}
@article{fds340206,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Weighing the OBurden of Acting WhiteO: Are There Race
Differences in Attitudes Towards Education?},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds340206}
}
@misc{fds266323,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {On the Economics of State Lotteries (revised
version)},
Pages = {457-472},
Booktitle = {Readings in Public Finance},
Publisher = {South-Western College Publishers},
Editor = {Baker, SH and Elliott, CS},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds266323}
}
@misc{fds266332,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, RH},
Title = {The Economic Payoff of Attending an Ivy-League
Institution},
Booktitle = {Critical White Studies: Looking Behind the
Mirror},
Publisher = {Temple University Press},
Editor = {Delgado, R and Stefancic, J},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds266332}
}
@article{fds266440,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Kids, guns, and public policy - Foreword},
Journal = {LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Editor = {PJ Cook (special},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996WX25900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266440}
}
@article{fds266541,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Leitzel, J},
Title = {Perversity, Futility, Jeopardy: An Economic Analysis of the
Attack on Gun Control},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-118},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0023-9186%28199624%2959%3A1%3C91%3A%22FJAEA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-L},
Doi = {10.2307/1192211},
Key = {fds266541}
}
@article{fds266489,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Leitzel, JA},
Title = {Letters to the editor},
Journal = {Society},
Volume = {33},
Number = {6},
Pages = {6-7},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0147-2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02701856},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02701856},
Key = {fds266489}
}
@article{fds266487,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Cole, TB},
Title = {Strategic thinking about gun markets and
violence.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {275},
Number = {22},
Pages = {1765-1767},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03530460069035},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1996.03530460069035},
Key = {fds266487}
}
@misc{fds266335,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, R},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
Key = {fds266335}
}
@book{fds266342,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Guns in America results of a comprehensive national survey
on firearms ownership and use},
Pages = {94 pages},
Publisher = {The Police Foundation},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {With nearly 200,000,000 guns in private hands, firearms have
an important impact on the quality of American
life.},
Key = {fds266342}
}
@misc{fds47474,
Author = {PJ Cook and Robert Frank},
Title = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds47474}
}
@misc{fds47358,
Author = {PJ Cook},
Title = {Social Costs of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drug Abuse" and "Tax
Laws, Alcohol},
Booktitle = {The Encyclopedia of Drugs and Alcohol},
Publisher = {New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.},
Editor = {J.H. Jaffe},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds47358}
}
@book{fds266423,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Kids, Guns and Public Policy},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266423}
}
@article{fds266568,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Cole, T},
Title = {Editorial: Strategic Thinking About Gun Markets and
Violence},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {275},
Number = {22},
Pages = {1765-1767},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds266568}
}
@article{fds311234,
Title = {Kids, Guns, and Public Policy},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems : a Quarterly Published by the
Duke University, School of Law},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds311234}
}
@misc{fds266300,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Tax Laws, Alcohol},
Booktitle = {The Encyclopedia of Drugs and Alcohol},
Publisher = {Macmillan Publishing Co.},
Editor = {Jeffe, JH},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds266300}
}
@misc{fds266301,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Social Costs of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drug
Abuse},
Booktitle = {The Encyclopedia of Drugs and Alcohol},
Publisher = {Macmillan Publishing Co.},
Editor = {Jaffe, JH},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds266301}
}
@misc{fds266419,
Author = {Goss, KA and Cook, P},
Title = {A Selective Review of the Social-Contagion
Literature},
Publisher = {Terry Sanford Instiute Working Paper, Duke
University},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds266419}
}
@misc{fds47473,
Author = {PJ Cook and Robert Frank},
Title = {Washington Monthly},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds47473}
}
@article{fds266593,
Author = {Warner, KE and Cook, PJ and al, E},
Title = {Criteria for Determining an Optimal Cigarette Tax: the
Economists' Perspective},
Journal = {Tobacco Control},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {380-386},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Winter},
Abstract = {In the debate on cigarette taxation, both supporters and
opponents of higher taxes often appeal to economic theory
and analysis. To evaluate the criteria for defining an
optimal cigarette excise tax from the perspective of
economics, the office on Smoking and Health of the US
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a
meeting of economists on 5 May 1995. Meeting participants
acknowledged that, by itself, neither the discipline of
economics nor any other could determine what is socially
“right” or “wrong”. However, the economist’s
understanding of efficiency and equity in the workings of
the marketplace can inform the debate, offering insights
relevant to assessing the merits of tax proposals and of
arguments supporting or opposing such proposals. In this
paper, the efficiency and equity considerations that
economists use in evaluating the desirability of a tax are
described and applied to the case of cigarettes. It is
concluded that at present neither the arguments of tax
increase advocates nor those of opponents are well grounded
in economic analysis per se. Additional research based
knowledge of the costs imposed on people other than the
immediate consumers of cigarettes, especially those related
to environmental tobacco smoke, is needed, as is further
understanding of children’s responsiveness to cigarette
price changes. Protection of children constitutes the
strongest argument favoring increased taxation of
cigarettes.},
Key = {fds266593}
}
@misc{fds266336,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, R},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {Washington Monthly},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266336}
}
@misc{fds266337,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, R},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0190-8286},
Key = {fds266337}
}
@misc{fds266338,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, R},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {USA Today},
Pages = {13A-13A},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds266338}
}
@misc{fds337378,
Author = {Moore, MJ and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Habit and Heterogeneity in the Youthful Demand for
Alcohol},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds337378}
}
@article{fds266449,
Author = {COOK, PJ and SKOG, OJ},
Title = {ALCOOL, ALCOOLISME, ALCOOLISATION - COMMENT},
Journal = {ALCOHOL HEALTH & RESEARCH WORLD},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-31},
Publisher = {NATL INST ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOLISM},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0090-838X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995QV60900005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266449}
}
@article{fds376578,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Skog, O-J},
Title = {Alcool, Alcoolisme, Aloolisation.},
Journal = {Alcohol health and research world},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-31},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds376578}
}
@misc{fds207533,
Author = {PJ Cook and Robert Frank},
Title = {USA Today},
Pages = {13A},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds207533}
}
@misc{fds207535,
Author = {PJ Cook and Robert Frank},
Title = {Washington Post},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds207535}
}
@book{fds266422,
Author = {Frank, RH and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Winner-Take-All Society},
Publisher = {New York: The Free Press},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds266422}
}
@article{fds266542,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Molliconi, S and Cole, TB},
Title = {Regulating Gun Markets},
Journal = {The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology
(1973-)},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-59},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0091-4169},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995TM01700004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The article explores issues relating to the secondary gun
market in the U.S. Guns are used in two-thirds of criminal
homicides, and over 80 percent of male homicide victims aged
fifteen to twenty-four die of gunshot wounds. Many
delinquent youths are active in the gun market as both
buyers and sellers, and they acquire guns by borrowing and
stealing them. One objective of the federal gun control law
is to insulate states so that stringent regulations on
firearms commerce adopted in some states will not be
undercut by greater availability of guns in other states. As
of 1993, a majority of states require that handgun buyers
submit to a waiting period and a criminal record check
before taking possession of a handgun. The secondary market
is diverse, similar to the secondary market for motor
vehicles. Word-of-mouth advertising is apparently an
effective means for finding a buyer on the street, and some
people, often drug dealers, deal in guns frequently enough
to become known in this regard. To compete, secondary
sellers have to offer lower prices, both because guns sold
in the secondary market are used and of uncertain quality
and because shopping in the secondary market is
inconvenient.},
Doi = {10.2307/1144000},
Key = {fds266542}
}
@article{fds266557,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Skog, OJ},
Title = {Alcool, alcoolisme, alcoolisation" by S.
Ledermann},
Journal = {Alcohol Health & Research World},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-32},
Year = {1995},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=9506020235&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {Discusses the impact of the article `Alcool, Alcoolisme,
Alcoolisation,' by S. Leddermann on the direction of alcohol
research. Original publication in the Volume One Number 29
issue of the `Donnees Scientifique de Caractere
Physiologique, Economique et Social' periodical; Changes
that have occurred since the article was published;
Developing trends as a result of this research.},
Key = {fds266557}
}
@misc{fds266307,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MH},
Title = {Gun Control},
Pages = {267-294},
Booktitle = {Crime},
Publisher = {ICS Press},
Editor = {Wilson, JQ and Petersilia, J},
Year = {1995},
Abstract = {The purpose of this essay is to provide a foundation for
understanding the "Great American Gun War," and to consider
the next steps that could be taken in the search for an
effective gun-control policy. We begin with a review of the
more-or-less uncontroversial facts about trends in gun
ownership and use, and the reasons why Americans are
inclined to arm themselves. A discussion follows of the more
contentious issues, whether and how guns influence levels or
seriousness of crime. We then identify the important values
at stake in adopting any gun-control policy, and go on to
describe the existing policies and the mechanisms by which
they and other such measures have their effect. Finally, we
make recommendations about promising next
steps.},
Key = {fds266307}
}
@article{fds266452,
Author = {COOK, PJ and MOORE, MJ},
Title = {THIS TAXS FOR YOU - THE CASE FOR HIGHER BEER
TAXES},
Journal = {NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {559-573},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSN},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994PH70200008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266452}
}
@article{fds266556,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {This Tax's for You},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Pages = {559-573},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
url = {http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=27614&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=15020&RQT=309&VName=PQD},
Abstract = {Some of the evidence that alcoholic beverages prices
influence the prevalence and social costs of alcohol abuse
is reviewed. The focus is on youths since it is this group
that is most prone to abusing alcohol and that suffers a
disproportionate share of the adverse consequences of abuse.
Since most youthful alcohol consumption is in the form of
beer, the particular concern is documenting the effects of
raising the federal and state beer excise taxes. In the
search for the effective policy instruments to reduce the
social cost of alcohol abuse, excise taxes represent an
attractive option that is currently under used. State and
federal taxes on alcoholic beverages are substantially lower
than warranted by the negative external costs of
consumption. The implicit policy of Congress and most state
legislatures has been to allow inflation to erode the real
value of alcohol taxes, and both taxes and prices are
substantially lower now than in the 1970s and
earlier.},
Key = {fds266556}
}
@misc{fds266406,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Scharff, AS},
Title = {Recommendations Concerning Administration and Rate Structure
for Excise Taxation in Romania},
Publisher = {Distributed by Tax Advisory Program, US Treasury
Department},
Editor = {PJ Cook and A Scharff},
Year = {1994},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266406}
}
@article{fds266361,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America by Gary
Kleck},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Publisher = {Massachusetts Medical Society},
Year = {1994},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1533-4406},
Key = {fds266361}
}
@article{fds266360,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Smoking Policy: Law Politics and Culture, Robert L. Rabin
and Stephen D. Sugarman, eds.},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {262},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266360}
}
@article{fds266445,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The matter of tobacco use.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {262},
Number = {5140},
Pages = {1750-1751},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993ML22000047&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1126/science.262.5140.1750},
Key = {fds266445}
}
@article{fds266478,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes: The "Gambler's Fallacy" in Lottery
Play},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {39},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1521-1525},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The "gambler's fallacy" is the belief that the probability
of an event is lowered when that event has recently
occurred, even though the probability of the event is
objectively known to be independent from one trial to the
next. This paper provides evidence on the time pattern of
lottery participation to see whether actual behavior is
consistent with this fallacy. Using data from the Maryland
daily numbers game, we find a clear and consistent tendency
for the amount of money bet on a particular number to fall
sharply immediately after it is drawn, and then gradually to
recover to its former level over the course of several
months. This pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that
lottery players are in fact subject to the gambler's
fallacy.},
Key = {fds266478}
}
@article{fds266550,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes: The “Gambler's Fallacy” in Lottery
Play},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {39},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1521-1525},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0025-1909},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MQ37900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The “gambler's fallacy” is the belief that the
probability of an event is lowered when that event has
recently occurred, even though the probability of the event
is objectively known to be independent from one trial to the
next. This paper provides evidence on the time pattern of
lottery participation to see whether actual behavior is
consistent with this fallacy. Using data from the Maryland
daily numbers game, we find a clear and consistent tendency
for the amount of money bet on a particular number to fall
sharply immediately after it is drawn, and then gradually to
recover to its former level over the course of several
months. This pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that
lottery players are in fact subject to the gambler's
fallacy. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.39.12.1521},
Key = {fds266550}
}
@article{fds47379,
Author = {PJ Cook and CT Clotfelter},
Title = {The Peculiar Scale of Economics of Lotto},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {634-643},
Year = {1993},
Month = {June},
url = {http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=128611&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=15020&RQT=309&VName=PQD},
Abstract = {A small state seeking to increase per capita lotto sales has
several options. First, it could increase the fraction of
the handle going into the jackpot. However, the regression
estimate of the "jackpot elasticity of demand" in
Massachusetts suggests that the additional betting
engendered by this ploy will not cover the cost. Second, the
state could seek to mimic the game offered by a larger state
by guaranteeing a large minimum jackpot while changing the
format to produce a corresponding reduction in the
probability of winning. This ploy would surely fail,
however, because the game would lose credibility after going
many weeks without a winner. Third, the state could join
with other states to increase the population base for the
game, and that is what a number of small states have done.
The scale effect evident in lotto forms an interesting
contrast to the scale effect in insurance markets. In
insurance, increasing the scale reduces the investment risk.
In lotto, increasing the scale provides a more risky
instrument. In both cases, bigger is better.},
Key = {fds47379}
}
@article{fds266436,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Confronting Drunk Driving: Social Policy for Saving
Lives},
Journal = {Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {235-237},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1993},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993KY53600012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-18-1-235},
Key = {fds266436}
}
@article{fds266488,
Author = {Zwerling, C and McMillan, D and Cook, PJ and Gunderson, P and Johnson,
N and Kellermann, AL and Lee, RK and Loftin, C and Merchant, JA and Teret,
S},
Title = {Firearm injuries: Public health recommendations},
Journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3 SUPPL.},
Pages = {52-56},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30680-9},
Doi = {10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30680-9},
Key = {fds266488}
}
@article{fds304153,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes on the availability and prevalence of
firearms},
Journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3 SUPPL.},
Pages = {33-38},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30676-7},
Abstract = {Legislators have formulated a variety of state and federal
regulations to make obtaining firearms more difficult for
dangerous people. Even though this goal may appear hopeless
in the face of the 150-200 million guns currently in
circulation, both evidence and economic logic suggest
otherwise. Guns are scarce commodities, and policies that
would make them scarcer, to reduce violent crimes that
involve guns, warrant consideration. Possibilities include
state-level regulation of gun dealers, interdiction of black
markets where stolen guns are fenced, and an increase in the
federal excise tax on guns.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30676-7},
Key = {fds304153}
}
@book{fds47388,
Author = {PJ Cook and D Slawson},
Title = {The Costs of Processing Murder Cases in North
Carolina},
Publisher = {Administrative Office of the Courts, Raleigh,
NC},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds47388}
}
@book{fds266346,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Slawson, D},
Title = {The Costs of Adjudicating Murder Cases in North
Carolina},
Publisher = {Administrative Office of the Courts},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds266346}
}
@article{fds266363,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Confronting Drunk Driving: Social Policy for Saving Lives by
H. Lawrence Ross},
Journal = {Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law},
Volume = {18 (1)},
Number = {Spring},
Pages = {235-237},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {1527-1927},
Key = {fds266363}
}
@article{fds266558,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Violence Reduction through Restrictions on Alcohol
Availability},
Journal = {Alcohol Health & Research World},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-156},
Year = {1993},
url = {http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1502237&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=15020&RQT=309&VName=PQD},
Abstract = {It is suggested that the link between alcohol and violence
is relevant to evaluating alcohol control policies and that
policies that can curtail the use or abuse of alcohol among
people who may be prone to violence can reduce the incidence
of violent crime.},
Key = {fds266558}
}
@article{fds266569,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes on the Availability and Prevalence of
Firearms},
Journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3,supp},
Pages = {33-38},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0749-3797},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LK71100009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Legislators have formulated a variety of state and federal
regulations to make obtaining firearms more difficult for
dangerous people. Even though this goal may appear hopeless
in the face of the 150-200 million guns currently in
circulation, both evidence and economic logic suggest
otherwise. Guns are scarce commodities, and policies that
would make them scarcer, to reduce violent crimes that
involve guns, warrant consideration. Possibilities include
state-level regulation of gun dealers, interdiction of black
markets where stolen guns are fenced, and an increase in the
federal excise tax on guns.},
Key = {fds266569}
}
@article{fds266579,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Drinking and Schooling},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {411-429},
Year = {1993},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6296(93)90003-w},
Abstract = {We employ the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data to
explore the effect of youthful drinking on years of
schooling and on the likelihood of college graduation. Our
instruments for youthful drinking include the state beer tax
and the minimum purchase age. Reduced form equations are
also estimated. Our results indicate that heavy drinking in
high school reduces the average number of years of schooling
completed following high school. Other things equal,
students who spend their high school years in states with
relatively high taxes and minimum age are more likely to
graduate from college.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(93)90003-w},
Key = {fds266579}
}
@article{fds355100,
Author = {ZWERLING, C and MCMILLAN, D and COOK, PJ and GUNDERSON, P and JOHNSON,
N and KELLERMAN, AL and LEE, RK and LOFTIN, C and MERCHANT, JA and TERET,
S},
Title = {FIREARM INJURIES - PUBLIC-HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS},
Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {52-55},
Year = {1993},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(18)30680-9},
Doi = {10.1016/S0749-3797(18)30680-9},
Key = {fds355100}
}
@misc{fds266331,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, RH},
Title = {The Growing Concentration of Top Students at Elite
Schools},
Booktitle = {Studies of Supply and Demand in Higher Education},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Clotfelter, CT and Rothschild, M},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds266331}
}
@misc{fds266394,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Economic Perspectives on Reducing Alcohol-Related
Violence},
Pages = {193-212},
Booktitle = {Alcohol and Interpersonal Violence: Fostering
Multidisciplinary Perspectives},
Publisher = {NIH},
Editor = {Martin, SE},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds266394}
}
@misc{fds266395,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Moore, MJ},
Title = {Taxation of Alcoholic Beverages},
Pages = {33-58},
Booktitle = {Economic Research on the Prevention of Alcohol-Related
Problems},
Publisher = {NIAAA},
Editor = {Hilton, M and Bloss, G},
Year = {1993},
Abstract = {Excess drinking is associated with lost productivity,
accidents, disability, early death, crime, neglect of family
responsibilities, and personality deterioration. These and
related concerns have justified special restrictions on
alcoholic beverage commerce and consumption. The nature and
extent of government involvement in this arena vary widely
over time and place, and are often controversial. Economists
have contributed to the evaluation of alcohol policy through
empirical work on the effects of alcohol-control measures on
consumption and its consequences. Economics has also
provided an accounting framework for defining and comparing
costs and benefits of interventions, including excise taxes.
Outside of the policy arena, economists have analyzed
alcohol consumption in the context of stretching the
standard model of consumer choice to include intertemporal
effects and social influence. Nonetheless, perhaps the most
important contribution by economists has been the repeated
demonstration that there is nothing unusual about alcohol in
at least one essential respect: consumers drink less ethanol
(and have fewer alcohol-related problems) when
alcohol-beverage prices are increased. Important econometric
challenges remain, including the search for a satisfactory
resolution to the conflicting results on the effect of price
changes on consumption by consumers who tend to drink
heavily. There are also unresolved puzzles about the
relationship between drinking and productivity; even after
controlling for a variety of other characteristics, drinkers
tend to have higher earnings than abstainers, and women’s
earnings (but not men’s) tend to increase with alcohol
consumption.},
Key = {fds266395}
}
@article{fds266362,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Costs of Poor Health Habits by Willard Manning et.
al.},
Journal = {The Costs of Poor Health Habits in Policy
Currents},
Volume = {2 (4)},
Number = {November},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds266362}
}
@article{fds266364,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results by Mark A.R. Kleiman
and The Search for Rational Drug Control Policy by Franklin
E. Zimring and Gordon Hawkins},
Journal = {The Search for Rational Drug Control Policy in Journal of
Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {11 (4)},
Number = {Fall},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds266364}
}
@article{fds266458,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Kleiman, MAR and Zimring, FE and Hawkins,
G},
Title = {Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {716-716},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992JN14000013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3324968},
Key = {fds266458}
}
@misc{fds266321,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Lotteries},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and
Finance},
Publisher = {Macmillan Press,},
Editor = {Newman, P and Milgate, M and Eatwell, J},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds266321}
}
@article{fds266551,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Clotfelter, CT},
Title = {The Peculiar Scale Economies of Lotto},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3},
Pages = {634-643},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LJ37000019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266551}
}
@article{fds266552,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Lotteries in the real world},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {227-232},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&an=16620366&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {Observed patterns of lottery play suggest that many players
believe they can improve their chance of winning by
adjusting their bets according to which numbers have won in
recent drawings, or in response to their dreams or other
portents. This skill orientation is encouraged by state
lottery advertising, which tends to be misleading in other
respects as well. Patterns of lottery play and the content
of lottery commercials provide readily available
illustrations of psychological tendencies in risky
decision-making that have been documented in laboratory
experiments. © 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00114154},
Key = {fds266552}
}
@article{fds266485,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Juarez, P and Lee, RK and Loftin, C and Marshall, OA and Murrain, WA and Roth, JA and Ryan, J and Smith, GK and Spivak,
H},
Title = {Weapons and minority youth violence.},
Journal = {Public health reports (Washington, D.C. :
1974)},
Volume = {106},
Number = {3},
Pages = {254-258},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266485}
}
@misc{fds207534,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Pieces},
Journal = {San Diego Union},
Year = {1991},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds207534}
}
@misc{fds266387,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {San Diego Union},
Year = {1991},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds266387}
}
@article{fds266592,
Author = {Clotfelter, and Charles, T and Philip, JC},
Title = {What Kind of Lottery for North Carolina?},
Journal = {Popular Government},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {25-29},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Spring},
Abstract = {In this time of fiscal distress, the lottery—the
“voluntary tax”—can be an appealing option. The North
Carolina Senate passed a bill in the 1990 session that
mandated a public referendum on the creation of a state
lottery, and a similar bill is being considered by both
houses of the General Assembly this year. If it passes, it
would place the question of a lottery on the November 5,
1991, ballot. Our state has held out longer than most: there
are thirty-three state lotteries currently in operation,
with half of them in business for more than a decade. What
will it mean for North Carolina if we join in? The answer,
we believe, depends to some extent on how the lottery agency
would be structured and what restrictions would be placed on
lottery operations. In this article we review the experience
of other states as a basis for making a few predictions and
recommendations about a North Carolina lottery.},
Key = {fds266592}
}
@article{fds266439,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Brenner, R and Brenner, GA},
Title = {Gambling and Speculation: A Theory, a History, and a Future
of Some Human Decisions.},
Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {70-70},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-3061},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991EV76600063&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2072088},
Key = {fds266439}
}
@article{fds266365,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drugs and Crime, Michael Tonry and Norval Morris,
eds.},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {10 (3)},
Number = {Summer},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds266365}
}
@misc{fds266393,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Social Costs of Drinking},
Publisher = {Norewegian Ministry of Health and Social
Affairs},
Year = {1991},
Abstract = {Societies in which drinking is widespread experience a wide
variety of negative social and economic consequences.
Several accounting frameworks are commonly used to assess
the relative importance of these effects, and to calculate
some sort of “total cost” figure. The public health
framework measures costs in terms of excess mortality and
morbidity. The economic cost framework is also concerned
with health effects, but measures them in terms of resulting
lost productivity in employment and in the household. The
economic framework also takes account of other resources
expended or lost as a result of alcohol use, and measures
all of these effects in monetary units. A variant of this
approach distinguishes between costs borne by the drinker,
and costs imposed by the drinker on other people; only the
latter are deemed appropriate as a basis for government
action. A review of social cost studies in the United States
and other advanced western nations suggests that of the
various consequences of alcohol use, two dominate the cost
statistics; lost productivity due to alcohol-related
morbidity, and trauma deaths due to alcohol-related
accidents and intentional violence. Alcohol use is
associated with absenteeism, job accidents, and poor work
performance, as well as impaired productivity in household
tasks. But recent research, based on population survey data
in the United States, has generally found no relationship
between how much a man drinks and how productive he is (as
measured by his earnings, or days lost from work). While
these results may prove to reflect biases in the survey data
or an inadequate conceptual framework, for now there is
little basis for asserting that alcohol use imposes large
costs on the U.S. economy in terms of lost job productivity.
On the other hand, there is firm evidence that alcohol use
causes a substantial increase in total accidents and
victimization from violent crime, and that these
consequences are of considerable importance. Estimates of
the total cost of alcohol use, whether based on the public
health or economic accounting frameworks, are commonly used
to quality the importance of this problem. A more
appropriate use of this perspective is in the evaluation of
specific policy interventions intended to reduce problems
related to alcohol consumption.},
Key = {fds266393}
}
@article{fds266324,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {On the Economics of State Lotteries (shorter
version)},
Journal = {The Conference Board of Economic Times},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds266324}
}
@article{fds266455,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tonry, M and Wilson, JQ},
Title = {Drugs and Crime},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {695-695},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GJ24300015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3324996},
Key = {fds266455}
}
@article{fds266477,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Drugs and crime, edited by Michael Tonry and James Q.
Wilson. Volume 13 of Crime and Justice: A Review of
Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990, 574
pp. Price: $39.95 cloth, $19.95 paper},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {695-698},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds266477}
}
@misc{fds266309,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Technology of Personal Violence},
Volume = {14},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M},
Year = {1991},
Abstract = {Over 30,000 deaths each year result from gunshot wounds. Two
decades of systematic research on weapons and personal
violence indicate a pervasive influence of weapon type on
the patterns and outcomes of violent encounters. The
likelihood that an assault will result in death depends
(among other things) on the lethality of the weapon. The
evidence that weapon lethality affects the likelihood of
death in suicide is somewhat weaker. Assailants’ weapon
choice depends on a number of factors, including the
relative vulnerability of the intended victim and the
general availability of firearms. National Crime Survey data
indicate that guns are used only about 80,000 times each
year in self-defense.},
Key = {fds266309}
}
@article{fds266553,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {On the Economics of State Lotteries},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {105-119},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990EJ39800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> This article examines several aspects of the
economics of state lotteries, focusing primarily on the
demand for lottery products. We begin by giving a
descriptive overview. The succeeding sections examine the
motivations for playing lottery games and evidence on the
determinants of lottery demand. The final section considers
the welfare economics of the apparent objective of
lotteries—to maximize profits for the state.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.4.4.105},
Key = {fds266553}
}
@misc{fds266388,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {0pEd.},
Journal = {Newsday},
Year = {1990},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds266388}
}
@misc{fds266389,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {The News and Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266389}
}
@article{fds266554,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Redefining “success” in the state lottery
business},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {99-104},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990CF85300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Assesses implications of the state lottery business in the
United States. Maximization of lottery revenues; Options
that lottery managers used to increase their sales;
Alternatives to revenue lottery; Perception that lotteries
should accommodate rather than encourage
gambling.},
Doi = {10.2307/3325117},
Key = {fds266554}
}
@misc{fds207536,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Pieces},
Journal = {The News and Observer (Raleigh)},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds207536}
}
@misc{fds207537,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Pieces},
Journal = {Newsday},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds207537}
}
@article{fds289584,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Redefining “success” in the state lottery
business},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {99-104},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds289584}
}
@misc{fds266315,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Gun Availability on Violent Crime
Patterns},
Booktitle = {Violence: Patterns, Causes, Public Policy},
Publisher = {Harcourt Brace Jovanovich},
Editor = {Weiner, NA and Zahn, MA and Sagi, RJ},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds266315}
}
@misc{fds325920,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Demand for Lottery Products},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Lotteries constitute one of the fastest-growing categories
of consumer expenditure in the United States. Not only have
an increasing number of states legalized state lotteries,
but the per capita expenditures on lotteries in lottery
states have increased at an annual rate of 13 percent after
inflation between 1975 and 1988. This article examines the
demand for lottery products. A majority of the adult public
in lottery states play in any one year, but relatively few
of these players account for most of the action".
Socioeconomic patterns of play, measured from both sales
data and household surveys, offer some surprises -- for
example, that the Engle curve of lottery expenditures
decline with income. There is some evidence that lottery
sales increase with the payout rate, although it is not
clear that it would be profitable for the states to increase
payout rates. The addition of a new game, such as lotto,
does not undercut sales of existing games, and the oft-heard
claim that interest (and sales) will "inevitably" decline is
contradicted by the data. The organizational form of the
lottery is evolving in response to the quest for higher
revenues: in particular, smaller states are forming
multistate game. This article is a chapter from Selling
Hope: State Lotteries in America, an NBER monograph to be
published by Harvard University Press in November,
1989.},
Key = {fds325920}
}
@misc{fds266390,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {The Atlanta Constitution},
Year = {1989},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds266390}
}
@article{fds266595,
Author = {Walsh, DC and Cook, PJ and Davis, K and Grant, M and Sulkunen, P and Vaillant, GE and Delbanco, TL},
Title = {The cultural dimensions of alcohol policy
worldwide.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {48-62},
Year = {1989},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.8.2.48},
Abstract = {For a polyglot society like the United States, cultural
factors such as these create a pastiche of competing
definitions and values that frustrate attempts to build
consensus or comprehensive policy. Americans therefore can
learn much from a cross-cultural exploration of styles of
alcohol use, perceptions of associated problems, and
attitudes toward control. Two main lessons stand out from
international comparisons. First, effective alcohol policy
must take account of tensions between health considerations
and political, economic, and social forces, as well as
deeper cultural meanings attached to alcohol and its use.
Second, a wide range of policy options can be subsumed in a
general analytic framework that highlights the levers and
the targets of efforts to control the harmful effects of
alcohol.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.8.2.48},
Key = {fds266595}
}
@misc{fds207538,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Piece},
Journal = {The Atlanta Constitution},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds207538}
}
@book{fds266475,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Selling Hope: State Lotteries in America},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {1989},
url = {http://www.pubpol.duke.edu/people/faculty/clotfelter/index.html},
Key = {fds266475}
}
@book{fds47338,
Title = {Vice},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Editor = {PJ Cook},
Year = {1988},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0023-9186%28198824%2951%3A1%3C1%3AAITV%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F},
Key = {fds47338}
}
@article{fds266366,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Social Control of the Drinking Driver, Michael D. Laurence,
John R. Snortum, and Franklin Zimring. eds.},
Journal = {Science},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds266366}
}
@article{fds266471,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {A sociolegal problem: social control of the drinking
driver.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {241},
Number = {4865},
Pages = {603-604},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988P435000047&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1126/science.241.4865.603},
Key = {fds266471}
}
@article{fds266534,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Increasing the federal excise taxes on alcoholic
beverages},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-91},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6296(88)90008-2},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(88)90008-2},
Key = {fds266534}
}
@article{fds266457,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {An Introduction to Vice},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1988},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988R920800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1191712},
Key = {fds266457}
}
@article{fds316969,
Author = {, },
Title = {Vice},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems : a Quarterly Published by the
Duke University, School of Law},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds316969}
}
@misc{fds266396,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Comment},
Volume = {66},
Pages = {181-183},
Booktitle = {Preventing Automobile Injury: New Findings for Evaluation
Research},
Publisher = {Auburn House Publishing Company},
Editor = {Graham, JD},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000360378.84853.A0},
Doi = {10.1227/01.NEU.0000360378.84853.A0},
Key = {fds266396}
}
@misc{fds266391,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {OpEd.},
Journal = {The New York times},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0362-4331},
Key = {fds266391}
}
@article{fds266555,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Implicit Taxation in Lottery Finance},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {533-546},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987L735900002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {State lotteries as they are operated in the United States
today involve four distinct aspects: legalization of lottery
games, monopolistic provision by the state, marketing of
lottery products, and extraction of a portion of the surplus
they derive from sales for state revenue. In this paper we
use conventional tools of applied public finance to examine
the implicit tax levied by lottery agencies through this
fourth function. We examine the incidence of the implicit
lottery tax, focusing on the dominant lottery games used in
the 1980s. We find that the implicit tax is regressive in
virtually all cases. We then consider whether the implicit
tax rate on lotteries is too high, comparing that rate to
excise tax rates on alcohol and tobacco.},
Key = {fds266555}
}
@article{fds266484,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Robbery violence},
Journal = {Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {357-376},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0091-4169%28198722%2978%3A2%3C357%3ARV%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W},
Doi = {10.2307/1143453},
Key = {fds266484}
}
@misc{fds207539,
Author = {PJ Cook and Charles T Clotfelter},
Title = {OpEd. Piece},
Journal = {New York Times},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds207539}
}
@misc{fds266289,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Notes on an Accounting Scheme for a Juvenile Correctional
System},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {362-370},
Booktitle = {From Children to Citizens: The Role of the Juvenile
Court},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {Hartman, FX},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds266289}
}
@misc{fds266290,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Laub, JH},
Title = {Trends in Child Abuse and Juvenile Delinquency},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {109-127},
Booktitle = {From Children to Citizens: The Role of the Juvenile
Court},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Editor = {Hartman, FX},
Year = {1987},
Abstract = {This paper seeks to project future trends in child abuse and
juvenile delinquency. Such projections are useful in
planning capacity changes in the juvenile justice system.
Trends in youth crime and child abuse as well as information
on various social indicators affecting children are
reviewed. We conclude that juvenile crime rates per capita
will probably remain at current levels or even decline over
the next 10 to 15 years, although we are inclined to
emphasize the uncertainty that attaches to this
prediction.},
Key = {fds266290}
}
@misc{fds266291,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Economics of Criminal Sanctions},
Booktitle = {Sanctions and Rewards in the Legal System},
Publisher = {University of Toronot Press},
Editor = {Friedland, ML},
Year = {1987},
Abstract = {This is an essay on the economists’ theoretical
perspective of how rewards and sanctions influence criminal
activity. Although I include an occasional reference to the
empirical evidence, Franklin Zimring’s essay (elsewhere in
this volume) precludes the necessity of a more complete
account. In any event, as an economist I run true to form in
placing precedence on developing the theory: as the joke has
it, an economist is someone who, told that something is true
in practice, wonders whether it is true in theory. Economics
is unique among the social sciences in having a
well-developed paradigm for guiding theoretical inquiry on
any topic that an economist chooses to investigate. This
paradigm is well illustrated in the modern literature on the
economics of crime, beginning with the seminal articles by
Becker and Ehrlich. In essence, the paradigm has five parts:
1. Identify the relevant decision-makers and the objectives
that motivate their behavior, usually by assuming
self-interest and rationality. 2. Given these objectives,
and a characterization of the available options, develop the
implications for how behavioral choices will respond to
changes in opportunity. 3. Specify the conditions of
interaction or exchange among the decision-makers. 4. Derive
a characterization of the aggregate consequences of this
interaction, with special attention to the characteristics
of ‘equilibrium’. 5. Analyze the effects on this
equilibrium of changes in contextual variables. Of course,
economists traditionally have applied this approach to the
analysis of prices and quantities in the context of a market
system of exchange, and efforts to expand the domain of
economic inquiry to include topics such as criminal behavior
have met with resistance from other social scientists. The
bulk of this essay is devoted to an account of the
‘economic’ characterization of the behavior of the
potential (or actual) criminal, together with a discussion
of the common objections to this characterization. This
account covers only the first two of the five parts that
constitute the economic paradigm. The entire paradigm is
briefly illustrated in a subsequent section of the essay,
with an analysis of the crime of motor vehicle theft. The
conclusion discusses research priorities.},
Key = {fds266291}
}
@misc{fds266397,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Impact of Distilled Spirits Taxes on Consumption, Auto
Fatalities and Cirrhosis Mortality},
Pages = {159-167},
Booktitle = {Control Issues in Alcohol Abuse Prevention: Strategies for
States and Communities, Advances in Substance Abuse, Suppl:
1},
Publisher = {Jai Press},
Editor = {Holder, HD},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds266397}
}
@article{fds266574,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Laub, JH},
Title = {The (Surprising) stability of youth crime
rates},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-277},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066530},
Abstract = {Despite the profound demographic and socioeconomic changes
characterizing family life in recent years, youth crime
rates have remained more or less constant since 1971. This
finding is of interest given the intense public concern
regarding the welfare of children. It also serves as a
convenient basis for projecting the future volume of youth
crime. © 1986 Plenum Publishing Corporation.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01066530},
Key = {fds266574}
}
@article{fds266543,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Relationship Between Victime Resistance and Injury in
Noncommercial Robbery},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {XV},
Number = {1},
Pages = {405-416},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0047-2530%28198606%2915%3A2%3C405%3ATRBVRA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-T},
Doi = {10.1086/467819},
Key = {fds266543}
}
@article{fds304150,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Relationship between Victim Resistance and Injury in
Noncommercial Robbery},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {405-416},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986D041700008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467819},
Key = {fds304150}
}
@article{fds266575,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Zarkin, G},
Title = {Homicide and Economic Conditions},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-80},
Year = {1986},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064596},
Abstract = {M. Harvey Brenner has produced two influential studies of
the social costs of unemployment, economic inequality, and
economic growth, both sponsored by the Joint Economic
Committee of the U.S. Congress. This paper reports the
results of an effort to reproduce Brenner’s findings for
homicide from his more recent (1984) study. Our conclusions
are as follows. (1) Although not obvious from his write-up,
Brenner’s 1984 results differ substantively from his
earlier results. (2) We are unable to reproduce his reported
findings. (3) There are serious methodological problems with
his procedure for choosing a regression specification.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01064596},
Key = {fds266575}
}
@article{fds304152,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Zarkin, GA},
Title = {Homicide and economic conditions: A replication and critique
of M. Harvey Brenner's new report to the U.S.
Congress},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-80},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1986},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064596},
Abstract = {M. Harvey Brenner has produced two influential studies of
the social costs of unemployment, economic inequality, and
economic growth, both sponsored by the Joint Economic
Committee of the U.S. Congress. This paper reports the
results of an effort to reproduce Brenner's findings for
homicide from his more recent (1984) study. Our conclusions
are as follows. (1) Although not obvious from his write-up,
Brenner's 1984 results differ substantively from his earlier
results. (2) We are unable to reproduce his reported
findings. (3) There are serious methodological problems with
his procedure for choosing a regression specification. ©
1986 Plenum Publishing Corporation.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01064596},
Key = {fds304152}
}
@article{fds266467,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Demand and Supply of Criminal Opportunities},
Journal = {Crime and Justice},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {1-27},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry and Norval Morris},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0192-3234},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449111},
Abstract = {Criminal opportunity theory provides a framework for
examining the interaction between potential offenders and
potential victims. Criminals’ behavior influences the
nature and amount of self-protective measures taken by
potential victims, and changes in self-protection make
criminal opportunities more or less attractive. Criminal
opportunity theory has precursors in criminological theory,
preeminently in the work of Cloward and Ohlin, but in these
theories opportunities are mediated through social learning.
Criminal opportunity theory employs the economic theory of
markets to describe and predict how criminals and victims
interact. Evidence is available that potential victims take
more self-protection measures when the perceived risk of
victimization is greater and that prospective criminals are
likelier to attack relatively more vulnerable targets.
Little research is available on whether increases in
self-protection reduce the total volume of crime or merely
displace crime to more vulnerable targets; the extent of
displacement probably differs among offenses. The market
perspective has several benefits to the investigation of
interaction between potential victims and offenders: it
assembles different topics encompassed by criminal
opportunity theory into a coherent whole, it is expressed in
a form that facilitates borrowing from economic theory, and
it generates new and important insights for policy
evaluation and criminological theory. One central insight is
that law enforcement strategies may alter the quality of
opportunities and thereby precipitate additional crime.
Effective incapacitation or rehabilitation policies, for
example, may reduce the number of offenders in circulation
and thereby reduce the perceived risk of victimization. This
may cause individuals to reduce their self-protection
efforts, making them more attractive targets than before and
thereby stimulating increased crime rates on the part of
those criminals who remain active.},
Doi = {10.1086/449111},
Key = {fds266467}
}
@article{fds266367,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Choosing the Right Pond: Human Behavior and the Quest for
Status by Robert H. Frank},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Number = {Fall},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds266367}
}
@article{fds266468,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, RH},
Title = {Social Behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-117},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986E734800019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3324091},
Key = {fds266468}
}
@misc{fds266292,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Criminal Incapacitation Effects Considered in an Adaptive
Choice Framework},
Pages = {202-216},
Booktitle = {The Reasoning Criminal},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Editor = {Cornish, D and Clarke, R},
Year = {1986},
Abstract = {Philip Cook’s analysis of the possible adaptations made by
offenders to policies of incapacitation constitutes a
valuable example of the policy applications of a rational
choice perspective. Taking as his starting point the
assumption that people adapt their behavior in the light of
information about the costs and benefits of alternative
courses of action, Cook draws on the “danger
compensation” thesis current in the road safety field to
argue that such adaptations may sometimes act to partially
negate the effects of policy. He shows clearly that
selective incapacitation measures may, depending on the
extent to which different classes of offender adapt their
behaviors in the knowledge of the changing costs and
benefits involved, very well lead to an increase rather than
a decrease in overall levels of crime. His is a hypothetical
example and needs to be fleshed out with interview and
behavioral data, but it illustrates how important it may be
for policymakers to obtain a clearer understanding of the
way in which crime-control policies—whether
incapacitative, deterrent, rehabilitative, or
preventive—are perceived, evaluated, and reacted to by
their intended objects. Neglect of the offender’s
perspective probably underlies the catastrophic failure of
rehabilitation, and a similar neglect may well lead to the
failure of many of the new deterrent policies. The situation
can only be remedied by a large investment in research into
offender perceptions.},
Key = {fds266292}
}
@misc{fds303076,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Demand and Supply of Criminal Opportunities},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {1-28},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Tonry, M and Morris, N},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds303076}
}
@misc{fds266316,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Blose, J},
Title = {State Programs for Screening Handgun Buyers},
Booktitle = {State Politics and the New Federalism},
Publisher = {Longman},
Editor = {Gittell, M},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds266316}
}
@misc{fds342399,
Author = {Payne, JW and Johnson, EJ},
Title = {The decision to commit a crime: An information processing
analysis},
Pages = {170-185},
Booktitle = {The Reasoning Criminal: Rational Choice Perspectives of
Offending},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {Cornish, D and Clark, R},
Year = {1986},
ISBN = {9781412852753},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315134482},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315134482},
Key = {fds342399}
}
@article{fds266570,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The case of the missing victims: Gunshot woundings in the
National Crime Survey},
Journal = {Journal of Quantitative Criminology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-102},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1985},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0748-4518},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065250},
Abstract = {National Crime Survey (NCS) data yield an estimate that
171,000 Americans were nonfatally shot in criminal assaults,
robberies, and rapes for the period 1973-1979. Comparing
this estimate with the number of firearms homicides during
this period suggests either that the death rate in gunshot
cases is very high (over 1/3) or that the NCS estimate is
low. Based on police-generated data appropriate to
estimating the true death rate from gunshot wounds, it
appears that the NCS estimate is low by a factor of about
3.0 compared with the number of criminal gunshot woundings
known to the police. It is common knowledge that
survey-based estimates of assault rates tend to be
relatively unreliable, a fact that has been attributed to
problems with respondents being willing and able to recall
threats, fist fights, and other minor assaults. The current
result indicates that the estimation problem is not limited
to minor assaults. There is reason to think that the
underestimate of gunshot woundings is the result of problems
with the NCS sample as well as problems with respondent
cooperation. © 1985 Plenum Publishing Corporation.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01065250},
Key = {fds266570}
}
@article{fds266594,
Author = {Wilson, JQ and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Unemployment and Crime--What is the Connection?},
Journal = {The Public Interest},
Volume = {79},
Number = {79},
Pages = {3-8},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds266594}
}
@article{fds266544,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Is robbery becoming more violent? An analysis of robbery
murder trends since 1968},
Journal = {Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {480-489},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0091-4169%28198522%2976%3A2%3C480%3AIRBMVA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V},
Abstract = {According to the police-generated data, 1973 was a turning
point. Robbery murders as a percentage of both total
homicides and total robberies were increasing before 1973,
but not thereafter. Indeed, a substantial reduction in the
robbery murder-robbery ratio occurred in 1981. Thus, there
is little support for the fears that there is a new breed of
street criminals who cause more serious injuries and deaths
in robberies. Very recent trends point in the other
direction. Killing a robbery victim appears to be going out
of fashion.},
Doi = {10.2307/1143614},
Key = {fds266544}
}
@article{fds266548,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Zarkin, GA},
Title = {Crime and the Business Cycle},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-128},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AAE9100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467767},
Key = {fds266548}
}
@article{fds266536,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Vaupel, JW},
Title = {What Policy Analysts Do: Three Research Styles},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {427-427},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AGJ7500011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Focuses on the characteristics of three styles of social
science research conducted by policy analysts. Policy
analysis related to students' activities after graduation;
Definition of policy research agenda by problems; Derivation
of solutions from given information in Applied Social
Science Research.},
Doi = {10.2307/3324197},
Key = {fds266536}
}
@article{fds266533,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Use of Criminal Statutes to Regulate Product Safety:
Comment on Wheeler},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {619-622},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1984},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TN24400014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467762},
Key = {fds266533}
}
@article{fds266559,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Effect of Minimum Drinking Age Legislation on Youthful
Auto Fatalities, 1970-1977},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-190},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0047-2530%28198401%2913%3A1%3C169%3ATEOMDA%3E2.0CO%3B2-R},
Doi = {10.1086/467738},
Key = {fds266559}
}
@misc{fds266398,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Economics of Alcohol Consumption and
Abuse},
Pages = {56-77},
Booktitle = {Alcoholism and Related Problems: Issues for the American
Public},
Publisher = {Prentiice-Hall},
Editor = {West, LJ},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds266398}
}
@misc{fds266399,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Increasing the Federal Alcohol Excise Tax},
Pages = {24-32},
Booktitle = {Toward the Prevention of Alcohol Problems: Government,
Business, and Community Action},
Publisher = {National Academic Press},
Editor = {Gerstein, D},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds266399}
}
@book{fds266347,
Author = {Cook, P},
Title = {Robbery in the United States an analysis of recent trends
and patterns},
Pages = {32 pages},
Publisher = {National Institute of Justice},
Year = {1983},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds266347}
}
@book{fds47423,
Author = {PJ Cook},
Title = {Robbery in the United States},
Publisher = {National Institute of Justice},
Year = {1983},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds47423}
}
@article{fds266444,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Deterring the Drinking Driver},
Journal = {Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {958-961},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QJ88100011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-7-4-958},
Key = {fds266444}
}
@article{fds266368,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Deterring the Drinking Driver by Laurence
Ross},
Journal = {Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law},
Number = {Winter},
Pages = {958-961},
Year = {1983},
Abstract = {Also published in Popular Government, Winter 1983, 37
38.},
Key = {fds266368}
}
@misc{fds266294,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Costs of Crime},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice},
Publisher = {Macmillan Publishing Company},
Editor = {Kadish, SH},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds266294}
}
@misc{fds266313,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Influence of Gun Availability on Violent Crime
Patterns},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {49-90},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Morris, N and Tonry, M},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds266313}
}
@misc{fds266402,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Liquor Taxes on Drinking, Cirrhosis, and Auto
Fatalities},
Pages = {203-220},
Booktitle = {What Role for Government?},
Publisher = {Duke Universigty Press},
Editor = {Zeckhauser, R and Leebaert, D},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds266402}
}
@misc{fds266403,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Liquor Taxes on Drinking, Cirrhosis, and Auto
Fatalities},
Pages = {203-220},
Booktitle = {What Role for Government?},
Publisher = {Duke Universigty Press},
Editor = {Zeckhauser, R and Leebaert, D},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds266403}
}
@misc{fds303088,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Alcohol Taxes as a Public Health Measure},
Booktitle = {Economics and Alcohol},
Publisher = {Croom Helm Ltd.},
Editor = {Grant, M and Plant, M and Williams, A},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds303088}
}
@article{fds266560,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Alcohol taxes as a public health measure.},
Journal = {British journal of addiction},
Volume = {77},
Number = {3},
Pages = {245-250},
Year = {1982},
Month = {September},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&an=6273185&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {Prices of alcoholic beverages in the US have declined
sharply over the last two decades relative to the overall
rate of price inflation, in part because federal alcohol
excise taxes have not been increased since 1951. There is
strong evidence that an increase in alcohol taxes would
reduce the prevalence of chronic heavy drinking; this
evidence, summarized here, is based on an analysis of the
effect of changes in state liquor taxes rates on cirrhosis
mortality. Thus alcohol taxation is an effective public
health policy investment. Alcohol taxes are also fairly well
targeted, in the sense that a large fraction of tax revenues
are collected from those whose alcohol consumption level
places them at risk for health problems and other
alcohol-related problems.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.1982.tb02453.x},
Key = {fds266560}
}
@misc{fds303079,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Gun Availability on Violent Crime
Patterns},
Booktitle = {Federal Regulation of Firearms},
Publisher = {USGPO},
Year = {1982},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303079}
}
@article{fds266561,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Effect of Liquor Taxes on Heavy Drinking},
Journal = {The Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {379-379},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0361-915X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1982PX95100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In this article we present the strongest evidence to date
that chronic heavy drinkers' consumption is responsive to
changes in the price of liquor. We estimate that an increase
in the liquor excise tax by one dollar (1967 prices) per
proof gallon reduces the liver cirrhosis mortality rate by
5.4% in the short run and by perhaps twice that amount in
the long run. (The liver cirrhosis mortality rate is a
reliable proxy for the prevalence of chronic excess
consumption.) Our estimate is based on an analysis of
covariance of annual state-level data, for a 16-year panel
of 30 states, with state excise taxes and per capita income
as the covariates. Of course, our estimate is not sufficient
to determine whether an increase in the liquor tax is
worthwhile, much less to determine an "optimal" tax. It is,
however, an important datum for making these
determinations.},
Doi = {10.2307/3003461},
Key = {fds266561}
}
@misc{fds266314,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Role of Firearms in Violent Crime},
Pages = {236-289},
Booktitle = {Criminal Violence},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Editor = {Wolfgang, ME and Weiner, NA},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds266314}
}
@misc{fds266383,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Making Handguns Harder to Hide},
Journal = {The Christian Science Monitor},
Year = {1981},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266383}
}
@article{fds266310,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Hawley, K},
Title = {North Carolina's Pistol Permit Law: An Evaluation},
Journal = {Popular Government},
Pages = {1-6},
Booktitle = {Popular Government},
Year = {1981},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {A pistol purchaser in North Carolina must obtain a permit in
his county of residence—from the sheriff (in 81 counties)
or clerk of superior court (in 19 counties)—before he can
take possession of the gun. This article, based on a survey
in 81 counties and an intensive investigation of six urban
counties, will describe in detail how the pistol permit
works.},
Key = {fds266310}
}
@article{fds266448,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Gun Availability on Violent Crime
Patterns},
Journal = {The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {455},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-79},
Booktitle = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1981},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-7162},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000271628145500107},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Social scientists have started to find answers to
some of the questions raised in the ongoing debate over gun
control. The basic factual issue in this debate concerns the
effect of gun availability on the distribution, seriousness,
and number of violent crimes. Some evidence is available on
each of these dimensions of the violent crime problem. The
distribution of violent crimes among different types of
victims is governed in part by the "vulnerability pattern"
in weapon choice. The seriousness of robbery and assault
incidents is influenced by weapon type, as indicated by the
objective dangerousness and instrumental violence pattern. A
reduc tion in gun availability would cause some weapon
substitution and probably little change in overall robbery
and assault rates—but the homicide rate would be reduced.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1177/000271628145500107},
Key = {fds266448}
}
@book{fds47422,
Title = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Series = {Issue entitled "Gun Control"},
Editor = {PJ Cook},
Year = {1981},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds47422}
}
@article{fds266545,
Author = {Cook, P},
Title = {The 'saturday night special': An assessment of alternative
definitions from a policy perspective},
Journal = {Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology},
Volume = {72},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1735-1745},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1981},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0091-4169%28198124%2972%3A4%3C1735%3AT%22NSAA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-N},
Doi = {10.2307/1143251},
Key = {fds266545}
}
@article{fds266571,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Blose, J},
Title = {State Programs for Screening Handgun Buyers},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {455},
Number = {1},
Pages = {80-91},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-7162},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981LU07400008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Three to five million handguns change hands each year.
Almost half the states—including 64 percent of the
population—require that buyers be screened by the police,
with the objective of preventing certain groups of po
tentially dangerous people—felons, fugitives, ex-mental pa
tients, drug addicts, and so forth—from obtaining
handguns. These state systems operate within the federal
framework created by the Gun Control Act of 1968, which
requires that most all interstate transactions in firearms
be handled by federally licensed dealers or manufacturers.
The states& main problems are 1 weak federal regulation of
licensees, (2 incomplete state criminal history files, and 3
the difficulty of regulating hand-to-hand transactions in
used handguns. States that wish to increase the
effectiveness of their screen ing systems will probably have
to assume responsibility for regulating retail dealers and
will have to institute civil liability for dealers and
individual gun owners, together with a more comprehensive
registration system, to make the screening system more
difficult to circumvent. © 1981, Sage Publications. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/000271628145500108},
Key = {fds266571}
}
@article{fds266546,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Guns and Crime: The Perils of Long Division},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {120-120},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1981},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981MU96100008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Analyzes the use of handguns in crime in the U.S. Rates of
handgun suicide and fatal handgun accident; Mathematical
relationship between crime involvement rate and the
probability of criminal use.},
Doi = {10.2307/3324114},
Key = {fds266546}
}
@article{fds305859,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Leitzel, JA},
Title = {Gun Control},
Journal = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Number = {May},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications (UK and US)},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds305859}
}
@misc{fds266404,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Liquor Taxes on Drinking, Cirrhosis, and Auto
Fatalities},
Pages = {255-285},
Booktitle = {Alcohol and Public Policy: Beyond the Shadow of
Prohibition},
Publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
Editor = {Moore, M and Gerstein, D},
Year = {1981},
url = {http://www.nap.edu/books/0309031494/html/},
Key = {fds266404}
}
@article{fds266462,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Witte, AD and Heineke, JM},
Title = {Economic Models of Criminal Behavior},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1255-1255},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1980},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JP34600031&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1057268},
Key = {fds266462}
}
@article{fds266572,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {REDUCING INJURY AND DEATH RATES IN ROBBERY},
Journal = {POLICY ANALYSIS},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-45},
Publisher = {UNIV CALIF PRESS},
Year = {1980},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JC35600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The author presents a variety of evidence that a large
fraction of injuries and deaths in robbery are the result of
the robber’s unprovoked decision to harm the victim. This
finding supports a policy of sentencing enhancements for
robbery injury. Sentencing enhancements for the use of a gun
in robbery may reduce the robbery murder rate, but at the
cost of an increased injury rate.},
Key = {fds266572}
}
@book{fds266348,
Author = {Blose, J and Cook, PJ},
Title = {Regulating Handgun Transfers Current State and Federal
Procedures, and an Assessment of the Feasibility and Cost of
the Proposed Procedures in the Handgun Crime Control Act of
1979},
Pages = {136 pages},
Publisher = {Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs, Duke
University},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds266348}
}
@article{fds266369,
Author = {Cook, PJ and White, A},
Title = {Economic Models of Criminal Behavior by John
Heineke},
Journal = {Southern economic journal},
Number = {April},
Pages = {1255-1257},
Publisher = {Southern Economic Association},
Year = {1980},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
Key = {fds266369}
}
@misc{fds266295,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Research in criminal deterrence laying the groundwork for
the second decade},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {211-268},
Booktitle = {Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research},
Publisher = {Univesity of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Morris, N and Tonry, M},
Year = {1980},
Abstract = {Deterrence theory has been developed primarily by
economists, who have viewed potential criminals as rational
decision-makers faced with an array of illicit opportunities
characterized by costs (time, possible adverse legal
consequences, and so forth) and payoffs. The crime decision
is thus characterized in a way that fits the well-developed
theoretical framework of decision-making under uncertainty.
Herbert Simon and others have questioned the descriptive
accuracy of this theory, and are beginning to uncover
systematic patterns in decision-making that violate the
predictions of the economic theory: This work could usefully
be incorporated into the crime choice framework. One of the
most important issues for further research in this area is
the way in which potential criminals acquire information
about criminal opportunities and the effectiveness of the
criminal justice system. A simple “realistic” model of
threat communication can be outlined that yields
deterrence-like effects, even though no one is well informed
concerning the true effectiveness of the system. Three other
questions that have been of great interest to deterrence
theorists are discussed: (1) what factors influence the rate
at which active criminals commit crimes; (2) which dimension
of the threat of punishment has a greater deterrent
effect—likelihood or severity; and (3) what effect does
the threat of punishment for one type of crime have on
involvement in other criminal activities?},
Key = {fds266295}
}
@misc{fds266296,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Implications of Deterrence and Incapacitation Research
for Policy Evaluation},
Pages = {55-77},
Booktitle = {An Anatomy of Criminal Justice},
Publisher = {D.C. Health},
Editor = {Foust, C and Webster, R},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds266296}
}
@misc{fds266340,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Punishment and Crime: A Critique of Recent Findings on the
Preventive Effects of Punishment},
Pages = {137-180},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Crime},
Publisher = {John Wiley},
Editor = {Andreano, R and Siegfried, J},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds266340}
}
@misc{fds303082,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Clearance Rate as a Measure of Criminal Justice System
Effectiveness},
Volume = {2},
Booktitle = {Criminology Review Yearbook},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Editor = {Bittner, E and Messinger, SL},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds303082}
}
@article{fds266576,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The clearance rate as a measure of criminal justice system
effectiveness},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-142},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1979},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(79)90050-1},
Abstract = {The validity of the clearance rate as a measure of either
criminal justice system (CJS) effectiveness or of the
probability of punishment for crime can be questioned on the
grounds that the relationship between CJS effectiveness and
observed clearance rates is mediated by the choice behavior
of criminals. If the clearance rate is endogenous in that
sense, then recent econometric results concerning the
deterrence effect of punishment are fundamentally flawed. A
model of criminal adaptation to changes in CJS effectiveness
illustrates the basic problem. © 1979.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(79)90050-1},
Key = {fds266576}
}
@book{fds266343,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Nagin, D},
Title = {Does the Weapon Matter? An Evaluation of a Weapon Emphasis
Policy in the Prosecution of Violent Offenders},
Publisher = {Institute of Law and Social Research},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds266343}
}
@article{fds266573,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Gun Availability on Robbery and Robbery
Murder: A Cross-Section Study of Fifty Cities},
Journal = {Policy Studies Review Annual},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {743-781},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds266573}
}
@misc{fds266317,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Effect of Gun Availability on Robbery and Robbery Murder
A Cross-section Study of 50 Cities},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {743-781},
Booktitle = {Policy Studies Review Annual},
Publisher = {Sage Publications},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds266317}
}
@misc{fds266405,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Discussion (on Martin Bailey's paper on Safety Decisions and
Insurance)},
Journal = {American Economics Association Papers and
Proceedings},
Pages = {300-300},
Year = {1978},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266405}
}
@article{fds266437,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {PRISONERS AMONG US - PROBLEM OF PAROLE -
STANLEY,DT},
Journal = {POLICY ANALYSIS},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {139-141},
Publisher = {UNIV CALIF PRESS},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978EK58700014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266437}
}
@article{fds266562,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The value of human life in the demand for safety:
Comment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {68},
Number = {4},
Pages = {710-711},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FN12400020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Presents a derivation of B. Conley's justification for the
use of labor earnings measure of the value of life which
states that the value of life saving is greater than the
discounted lifetime labor income. Elasticity of utility with
respect to lifetime consumption; Relation between utility
associated with death and utility associated with positive
level of consumption.},
Key = {fds266562}
}
@book{fds266349,
Author = {Vaupel, JW and Cook, P},
Title = {Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Self-hazardous
Behavior},
Pages = {158 pages},
Publisher = {Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs, Duke
University},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds266349}
}
@article{fds266370,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Prisoners Among Us by David T. Stanley},
Journal = {Policy analysis},
Number = {Winter},
Pages = {139-141},
Year = {1978},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
Key = {fds266370}
}
@misc{fds266312,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Causal Linkages between Gun Control Ordinances and Crime: A
Conceptualization and Review of the Literature},
Booktitle = {Hearings},
Publisher = {before the Subcommittee on Crime, Commitee on the Judiciacy,
U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2nd Session,
Appendix 4},
Year = {1978},
Abstract = {Hearings on the Treasury Department's proposed gun
regulations, before the Subcommittee on Crime, Committee on
the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress,
2nd Session, Appendix 4, May 4 and 18, 1978.},
Key = {fds266312}
}
@article{fds266549,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Punishment and Crime: A Critique of Recent Findings on the
Preventive Effects of Punishment},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164-204},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1977},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0023-9186%28197724%2941%3A1%3C164%3APACACO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5},
Doi = {10.2307/1191234},
Key = {fds266549}
}
@article{fds266528,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Graham, DA},
Title = {The Demand for Insurance and Protection: The Case of
Irreplaceable Commodities},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {143-143},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1977},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2637 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This article evaluates the new theoretical characterization
of commodities and develops some results concerning the
demand for insurance in the U.S. A rational individual,
risk-averse with respect to lotteries on wealth, will
typically not fully insure an irreplaceable commodity and
may even choose to bet against losing it. In assessing the
benefit of an increase in public protection activity, the
correct value of a commodity is bracketed by the amount of
money the owner would pay to avoid its loss and the amount
of money required to fully compensate him for its
loss.},
Doi = {10.2307/1883142},
Key = {fds266528}
}
@article{fds266442,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {PUBLIC-POLICY EVALUATION - DOLBEARE,KM},
Journal = {POLICY ANALYSIS},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {604-606},
Publisher = {UNIV CALIF PRESS},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1977DY62100019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266442}
}
@book{fds266350,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Austin, J and Levi, R},
Title = {A Summary of State Legal Codes Governing Juvenile
Delinquency Proceedings},
Publisher = {Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs, Duke
University},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds266350}
}
@book{fds266421,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Criminal Process in the Seventies},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Editor = {Pye, AK and Cook, PJ},
Year = {1977},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266421}
}
@article{fds266371,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Public Policy Evaluation by Kenneth Dolbeare},
Journal = {Policy analysis},
Number = {Fall},
Pages = {604-606},
Year = {1977},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
Key = {fds266371}
}
@article{fds266461,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {A Plea To Deter Hasty Conclusions About Deterrence
Research},
Journal = {Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {351-352},
Publisher = {Portico},
Year = {1976},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0010-7549},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976BR20000026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1037/015129},
Key = {fds266461}
}
@article{fds266438,
Author = {COOK, PJ and VAUPEL, JW},
Title = {VALUING LIVES - FOREWORD},
Journal = {LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Editor = {P.J. Cook},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976EE92300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266438}
}
@book{fds266351,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Fischer, GW},
Title = {Citizen Cooperation with the Criminal Justice
System},
Pages = {158 pages},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds266351}
}
@book{fds289583,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Valuing Lives},
Volume = {40},
Pages = {17-22},
Editor = {Cook, PJ},
Year = {1976},
url = {http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0023-9186(197623)40:4%3C1:F%3E2.0CO;2-E},
Abstract = {In the history and traditions of India, the river plays an
overwhelming role - shaping her economy and the culture. All
old civilisations were cradled in river valleys. But the
importance of a river in a tropical country with a
nine-month dry period led to the symbolism of river as the
life-giver, the concept of Ganga - the mother and provider.
Lately, modern industrialism, population expansion and
over-exploitation have caused serious degradation to the
country's river systems. Whereas development has brought in
benefits, it has also imposed environmental costs, normally
not entered in the books of cost-benefit. The river for the
Indian society has been extremely valuable; it remains so
and will remain more so in the future, for development and
sustainability of the civilisation. River provides both use
values and non-use values. The use value is derived out of
direct uses like in irrigation, drinking water usage or
power generation. The indirect uses are from maintenance of
ground water, deposition of silts during flooding and
maintaining the fertility of the soil, moderation of the
microclimate etc. The non-use value is derived in form of
its scenic significance and the religious and cultural
importance to the Indian civilisation. The intention in this
paper is to provide a theoretical and methodological
foundation to valuing the river in all its tangibles and
intangibles. This is likely to help in evaluating projects
as well as in decision making about social investments in
their preservation, conservation and wherever necessary, in
re-generation of the river systems.},
Key = {fds289583}
}
@article{fds266372,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {Crime, Punishment, and Deterrence by Jack P.
Gibbs},
Journal = {Contemporary Psychology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds266372}
}
@article{fds305860,
Title = {Valuing Lives: When and How Should Society Spend its Scarce
Resources to Decrease Mortality},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Editor = {Cook, PJ and Vaupel, JW},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds305860}
}
@misc{fds266318,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {A Strategic Choice Analysis of Robbery},
Pages = {173-187},
Booktitle = {Sample Surveys of the Victims of Crimes},
Publisher = {Ballinger},
Editor = {Skogan, W},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds266318}
}
@article{fds266466,
Author = {COOK, PJ},
Title = {CORRECTIONAL CARROT - BETTER JOBS FOR PAROLEES},
Journal = {POLICY ANALYSIS},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-54},
Publisher = {UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0098-2067},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975AE71000002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266466}
}
@article{fds266563,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Frank, RH},
Title = {The effect of unemployment dispersion on the rate of wage
inflation},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-249},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(70)90008-5},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(70)90008-5},
Key = {fds266563}
}
@article{fds266577,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {The Correctional Carrot: The Prospect of Reducing Recidivism
through Improved Job Opportunities},
Journal = {Policy Analysis},
Pages = {11-54},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {How can men who have been released from prison be deterred
from returning to crime? Our present “correctional”
system does not correct, and most experiments with
innovative rehabilitation techniques have reached negative
conclusions. The most promising avenue for future research
is job creation and on-the-job training programs for
released prisoners. Original results presented here give an
empirical characterization of the labor market confronting
parolees and demonstrate that job satisfaction is associated
with parole success.},
Key = {fds266577}
}
@article{fds266537,
Author = {Cook, PJ},
Title = {A 'One Line' Proof of the Slutsky Equation},
Journal = {The American Economic Review},
Pages = {139},
Year = {1972},
Month = {March},
url = {http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&an=4502321&site=ehost&scope=site},
Abstract = {This article discusses the key features of consumer theory
on individual consumers' reaction to changes in the market
price of commodities. The discussion presented that market
price of a commodity can be broken into vectors of
substitution effects and income effects. The price effect
can be used on the Slutsky equation if the expenditure
includes an expenditure function. The article has presented
the equation used to determine the minimum expenditure
necessary for the consumer to achieve any utility level if
the consumer income faces a vector of commodity
prices.},
Key = {fds266537}
}
@book{fds266352,
Author = {Cook, PJ and University of California and BIOIR and Administration,
USDOLM},
Title = {The effect of legitimate opportunities on the probability of
parolee recidivism},
Pages = {96 pages},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds266352}
}
%% Cooley, Jane C.
@article{fds42080,
Author = {Jane Cooley},
Title = {Desegregation and the Achievement Gap: Do Diverse Peers
Help?},
Journal = {job market paper},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds42080}
}
@article{fds42081,
Author = {Peter Arcidiacono and Jane Cooley and Andrew
Hussey},
Title = {Returns to Schooling: Results when the Counterfactual is
Observed},
Journal = {revise and resubmit at International Economic
Review},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~psarcidi/ReturntoMBA.pdf},
Key = {fds42081}
}
@article{fds42083,
Author = {Jane Cooley},
Title = {Socially Optimal Classroom Grouping: A Theoretical
Investigation of German and U.S. Education Systems in the
Context of Other Social Policies},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds42083}
}
@article{fds42082,
Author = {Yana V. Rodgers and Jane Cooley},
Title = {Outstanding Female Economists in the Analysis and Practice
of Development},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {27},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1397-1411},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds42082}
}
%% Cox, Robynn J.
@article{fds165354,
Author = {R.J. Cox},
Title = {The Effect of the Prison Industry Enhancement Certificate
Program on Labor Market Outcomes of Prison
Releasees},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {This article examines the effects of the federal Prison
Industry Enhancement Certificate Program (PIE) on
unemployment duration, length of employment, and earnings of
inmates released between 1996 through 2001 across 5 states.
This is the first nationally representative dataset of PIE
and this is the first comprehensive study to analyze the
effect of this program on labor market outcomes of the
inmate. The results indicate that the PIE program may
significantly decrease unemployment duration and increase
the length of employment duration for both men and women. In
addition, the PIE program may also significantly increase
employment and earnings of the former male inmate. <a
href="https://fds.duke.edu/db?attachment-25--11655-view-1047">download</a>},
Key = {fds165354}
}
%% Cuddy, Emily A
@article{fds375265,
Author = {Cuddy, E and Lu, YP and Ridley, DB},
Title = {FDA Global Drug Inspections: Surveillance Of Manufacturing
Establishments Remains Well Below Pre-COVID-19
Levels.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {42},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1758-1766},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00686},
Abstract = {During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) halted inspections of most
overseas drug manufacturing establishments. Looking at data
from the period 2012-22, we observed steep declines in both
foreign and domestic inspections in 2020. By 2022, numbers
of inspections remained well below prepandemic levels, with
a 79 percent decrease in foreign inspections and a
35 percent decline in domestic inspections compared with
2019. There was no corresponding reduction in drug
manufacturing or imports. Also, the resources allocated per
inspection surged, although the FDA's overall budget and
staffing remained steady. Finally, citations rose
dramatically, despite all establishments being given advance
notice of inspections. The findings of our study underscore
the pressing need to explore alternative methods for
ensuring drug safety.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00686},
Key = {fds375265}
}
@article{fds371113,
Author = {Cuddy, E and Currie, J},
Title = {Treatment of mental illness in American adolescents varies
widely within and across areas},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
Volume = {117},
Number = {39},
Pages = {24039-24046},
Publisher = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007484117},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>This study
uses a large national database of insured adolescent
children who have an initial insurance claim for a mental
illness. Many of these children either fail to receive
follow-up care within 3 mo, or receive care that appears to
fall short of standard guidelines for the initial treatment
of mental illness in children. The majority do not receive
therapy, and many children receive drugs that raise a red
flag, such as benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants,
and drugs that are not Food and Drug Administration-approved
for use in children. Very little of the variation in these
outcomes can be explained by shortages of mental health
professionals.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2007484117},
Key = {fds371113}
}
%% Curtis, Lesley H
@article{fds205008,
Author = {JP Piccini and X Mi and TA DeWald and AS Go and AF Hernandez and LH
Curtis},
Title = {Pharmacotherapy in Medicare beneficiaries with atrial
fibrillation.},
Journal = {Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm
Society},
Volume = {9},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1403-8},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1556-3871},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.04.031},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Aged, 80 and over
Amiodarone Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Anticoagulants Atrial
Fibrillation Calcium Channel Blockers Female Heart Rate
Humans Male Medicare Part D* Prevalence United States drug
therapy* epidemiology therapeutic use therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There are limited data regarding national
patterns of pharmacotherapy for atrial fibrillation (AF)
among older patients. Drug exposure data are now captured
for Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in prescription drug
plans. OBJECTIVE: To describe pharmacotherapy for AF among
Medicare beneficiaries. METHODS: By using a 5% national
sample of Medicare claims data, we compared demographic
characteristics, comorbidity, and treatment patterns
according to Medicare Part D status among patients with
prevalent AF in 2006 and 2007. RESULTS: In 2006, 27,174
patients (29.3%) with prevalent AF were enrolled in Medicare
Part D. In 2007, enrollment increased to 45,711 (49.1%).
Most enrollees were taking rate-control agents (74.0% in
2007). β-Blocker use was higher in those with concomitant
AF and heart failure and increased with higher CHADS(2)
scores (P <.001). Antiarrhythmic use was 18.7% in 2006 and
19.1% in 2007, with amiodarone accounting for more than 50%.
Class Ic drugs were used in 3.2% of the patients in 2007.
Warfarin use was <60% and declined with increasing stroke
risk (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacotherapy for AF varied
according to comorbidity and underlying risk. Amiodarone was
the most commonly prescribed antiarrhythmic agent.
Postmarketing surveillance using Medicare Part D claims data
linked to clinical data may help inform comparative safety,
effectiveness, and net clinical benefit of drug therapy for
AF in older patients in real-world settings.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.04.031},
Key = {fds205008}
}
@article{fds205012,
Author = {LH Curtis and BG Hammill and LG Qualls and LD DiMartino and F Wang and KA
Schulman, SW Cousins},
Title = {Treatment patterns for neovascular age-related macular
degeneration: analysis of 284 380 medicare
beneficiaries.},
Journal = {American journal of ophthalmology},
Volume = {153},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1116-24.e1},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1879-1891},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2011.11.032},
Keywords = {Aged, 80 and over Angiogenesis Inhibitors Cohort Studies
Databases, Factual Female Health Services Health Services
Research Humans Laser Coagulation Male Medicare Part B
Photochemotherapy Physician's Practice Patterns
Retrospective Studies United States Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor A Wet Macular Degeneration administration &
dosage* antagonists & inhibitors statistics & numerical
data* therapy* trends trends*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in the treatment of newly
diagnosed neovascular age-related macular degeneration
(AMD). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Among
284 380 Medicare beneficiaries with a new diagnosis between
2006 and 2008, we used the cumulative incidence function to
estimate procedure rates and the mean frequency function to
estimate the cumulative mean number of intravitreous
injections. We used Cox log-binomial regression to estimate
predictors of the use of vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) antagonists within 1 year after diagnosis.
Discontinuation of anti-VEGF therapy was defined by absence
of treatment for 12 months. Discontinuation rates were
calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The
proportion of patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy increased
from 60.3% to 72.7%, photodynamic therapy decreased from
12.8% to 5.3%, and thermal laser treatment decreased from
5.5% to 3.2%. Black patients (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95%
confidence interval, 0.75-0.79) and patients of
other/unknown race (0.83; 0.81-0.84) were less likely than
white patients to receive anti-VEGF therapy. Patients with
dementia were less likely to receive anti-VEGF therapy
(0.88; 0.88-0.89). Among patients who received anti-VEGF
therapy, the mean number of injections within 1 year of the
first injection was 4.3 per treated eye. Anti-VEGF therapy
was discontinued in 53.6% of eyes within 1 year, and in
61.7% of eyes within 18 months. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of
new neovascular AMD changed significantly between 2006 and
2008, most notably in the increasing use of anti-VEGF
therapies. However, few patients treated with anti-VEGF
medications received monthly injections, and discontinuation
rates were high.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2011.11.032},
Key = {fds205012}
}
@article{fds205000,
Author = {SW Glickman and MA Greiner and L Lin and LH Curtis and CB Cairns and CB
Granger, ED Peterson},
Title = {Assessment of temporal trends in mortality with
implementation of a statewide ST-segment elevation
myocardial infarction (STEMI) regionalization
program.},
Journal = {Annals of emergency medicine},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {243-252.e1},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1097-6760},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.07.030},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although regionalized care for ST-segment
elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has improved the use
of timely reperfusion therapy, its effect on patient
outcomes has been difficult to assess. Our objective is to
explore temporal trends in STEMI mortality with the
implementation of a statewide STEMI regionalization program
(Reperfusion of Acute Myocardial Infarction in North
Carolina Emergency Departments [RACE]). METHODS: We compared
trends in inpatient mortality among STEMI patients treated
at North Carolina (NC) hospitals participating in the RACE
program, relative to those not participating, using state
inpatient claims data. Using Medicare claims data, we
compared trends in 30-day mortality among Medicare
beneficiaries in NC with those nationally. Logistic models
with random effects were used to evaluate the association of
the program with mortality. RESULTS: From 2005 to 2007,
inpatient mortality for 6,565 STEMI patients treated at NC
hospitals participating in RACE decreased from 11.6% to
10.1% (risk difference -1.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]
-3.0% to 0.04%), whereas inpatient mortality among 5,850
STEMI patients treated at NC nonparticipating hospitals
decreased from 10.2% to 8.6% (risk difference -1.6%; 95% CI
-3.1% to 0.10%); (adjusted odds ratio 1.28; 95% CI 0.88 to
1.85 for temporal differences between groups). During the
same period, 30-day STEMI mortality among Medicare
beneficiaries decreased from 22.7% to 21.4% in NC (risk
difference -1.28%; 95% CI -3.60% to 1.03%) and from 22.3% to
21.6% nationally (risk difference -0.71%, 95% CI -1.13% to
-0.29%; adjusted odds ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.15 for
temporal differences between regions). CONCLUSIONS: The
initiation of a statewide STEMI collaborative care model was
associated with a reduction in mortality rates according to
claims data, yet these changes were similar to those seen
nationally. Further study is needed to evaluate regionalized
systems of STEMI care and to determine the role of claims
data to evaluate population-based STEMI outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.07.030},
Key = {fds205000}
}
@article{fds205015,
Author = {MA Dinan and TJ Robinson and TM Zagar and CD Scales Jr and LH Curtis and SD
Reed, WR Lee and KA Schulman},
Title = {Changes in initial treatment for prostate cancer among
Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2007.},
Journal = {International journal of radiation oncology, biology,
physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e781-6},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1879-355X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.024},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In the absence of evidence from large clinical
trials, optimal therapy for localized prostate cancer
remains unclear; however, treatment patterns continue to
change. We examined changes in the management of patients
with prostate cancer in the Medicare population. METHODS: We
conducted a retrospective claims-based analysis of the use
of radiation therapy, surgery, and androgen deprivation
therapy in the 12 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer
in a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare claims.
Patients were Medicare beneficiaries 67 years or older with
incident prostate cancer diagnosed between 1999 and 2007.
RESULTS: There were 20,918 incident cases of prostate cancer
between 1999 and 2007. The proportion of patients receiving
androgen deprivation therapy decreased from 55% to 36%, and
the proportion of patients receiving no active therapy
increased from 16% to 23%. Intensity-modulated radiation
therapy replaced three-dimensional conformal radiation
therapy as the most common method of radiation therapy,
accounting for 77% of external beam radiotherapy by 2007.
Minimally invasive radical prostatectomy began to replace
open surgical approaches, being used in 49% of radical
prostatectomies by 2007. CONCLUSIONS: Between 2002 and 2007,
the use of androgen deprivation therapy decreased, open
surgical approaches were largely replaced by minimally
invasive radical prostatectomy, and intensity-modulated
radiation therapy replaced three-dimensional conformal
radiation therapy as the predominant method of radiation
therapy in the Medicare population. The aging of the
population and the increasing use of newer, higher-cost
technologies in the treatment of patients with prostate
cancer may have important implications for nationwide health
care costs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.024},
Key = {fds205015}
}
@article{fds205013,
Author = {MA Greiner and BG Hammill and GC Fonarow and DJ Whellan and ZJ Eapen and AF
Hernandez, LH Curtis},
Title = {Predicting costs among medicare beneficiaries with heart
failure.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {109},
Number = {5},
Pages = {705-11},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1879-1913},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.10.031},
Keywords = {Aged Cost of Illness* Delivery of Health Care Female
Follow-Up Studies Health Care Costs Heart Failure
Hospitalization Humans Inpatients Male Medicare
Retrospective Studies United States economics* epidemiology
therapy},
Abstract = {Disease management programs that target patients with the
highest risk of subsequent costs may help payers and
providers control health care costs, but identifying these
patients prospectively is challenging. We hypothesized that
medical history and clinical data from a heart failure
registry could be used to prospectively identify patients
with heart failure most likely to incur high costs. We
linked Medicare inpatient claims to clinical registry data
for patients with heart failure and calculated total
Medicare costs during the year after the index heart failure
hospitalization. We defined patients as having high costs if
they were in the upper 5% (>$76,500) of the distribution. We
used logistic regression models to identify patient and
clinical characteristics associated with high costs. Costs
for 40,317 patients in the study varied widely. Patients in
the upper 5% of the cost distribution incurred mean costs of
$117,193 ± 55,550 during 1 year of follow-up compared to
$17,086 ± 17,792 for the lower-cost group. Demographic and
clinical characteristics associated with high costs included
younger age and black race; history of anemia, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease,
diabetes mellitus, or peripheral vascular disease; serum
creatinine level; and systolic blood pressure at admission.
Mean 1-year Medicare costs for patients whom the model
predicted would exceed the high-cost threshold were >2 times
the costs for patients below the threshold. In conclusion, a
model based on variables from clinical registries can
identify a group of patients with heart failure who on
average will incur higher costs in the first year after
hospitalization.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.10.031},
Key = {fds205013}
}
@article{fds205006,
Author = {PS Douglas and LH Curtis},
Title = {Is biology destiny or can we optimize care for all
patients?},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
Volume = {156},
Number = {3},
Pages = {241-2},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1539-3704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1059/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00015},
Keywords = {Death, Sudden, Cardiac Defibrillators, Implantable Female
Humans Male adverse effects* prevention &
control*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1059/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00015},
Key = {fds205006}
}
@article{fds204995,
Author = {KT Unroe and MA Greiner and C Colón-Emeric and ED Peterson and LH
Curtis},
Title = {Associations between published quality ratings of skilled
nursing facilities and outcomes of medicare beneficiaries
with heart failure.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Directors
Association},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {188.e1-6},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1538-9375},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.020},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cause of Death Cohort Studies Female
Geriatric Assessment Heart Failure Hospital Mortality
Hospitalization Humans Kaplan-Meier Estimate Male Medicare
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)* Patient Readmission
Proportional Hazards Models Research Design Retrospective
Studies Skilled Nursing Facilities Survival Analysis United
States mortality* standards* statistics & numerical data
statistics & numerical data* therapy trends*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nursing Home Compare quality ratings are
designed to allow patients, families, and clinicians to
compare facilities based on quality, but associations of the
current measures with important clinical outcomes are not
known. Our study examined associations between ratings and
readmission and mortality among Medicare beneficiaries
admitted to a skilled nursing facility with a primary
diagnosis of heart failure. METHODS: We conducted a
retrospective cohort study of 164,672 Medicare beneficiaries
discharged to skilled nursing facilities after
hospitalization for heart failure in 2006-2007. The main
outcome measures were readmission and mortality within 90
days. RESULTS: One-fifth of the 13,619 skilled nursing
facilities received a 1-star rating and 11% received a
5-star rating. Nearly half of the patients discharged to a
skilled nursing facility were readmitted to a hospital
within 90 days after discharge, and 30% died within 90 days.
Compared with patients in 5-star skilled nursing facilities,
patients in 1-star facilities had higher risks of 90-day
readmission (hazard ratio, 1.08) and mortality (1.15). After
adjustment for facility size and ownership type, the
associations between the quality rating and readmission were
not statistically significant, but the associations with
mortality were significant. CONCLUSIONS: Publicly reported
Nursing Home Compare quality ratings of Medicare-certified
skilled nursing facilities were modestly associated with
90-day readmission and mortality among Medicare
beneficiaries discharged to these facilities after
hospitalization for heart failure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.020},
Key = {fds204995}
}
@article{fds204998,
Author = {JP Piccini and BG Hammill and MF Sinner and PN Jensen and AF Hernandez,
SR Heckbert and EJ Benjamin and LH Curtis},
Title = {Incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation and
associated mortality among Medicare beneficiaries,
1993-2007.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-93},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.962688},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Atrial Fibrillation Female Humans
Incidence Male Medicare* Prevalence Retrospective Studies
Sex Factors Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome United
States diagnosis epidemiology* mortality},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and costly
problem among older persons. The frequency of AF increases
with age, but representative national data about incidence
and prevalence are limited. We examined the annual
incidence, prevalence, and mortality associated with AF
among older persons. RESULTS: In a retrospective cohort
study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older diagnosed
with AF between 1993 and 2007, we measured annual age- and
sex-adjusted incidence and prevalence of AF and mortality
following an AF diagnosis. Among 433,123 patients with
incident AF, the mean age was 80 years, 55% were women, and
92% were white. The incidence of AF remained steady during
the 14-year study period, ranging from 27.3 to 28.3 per 1000
person-years. Incidence rates were consistently higher among
men and white beneficiaries. The prevalence of AF increased
across the study period (mean, 5% per year) and was robust
to sensitivity analyses. Among beneficiaries with incident
AF in 2007, 36% had heart failure, 84% had hypertension, 30%
had cerebrovascular disease, and 8% had dementia. Mortality
after AF diagnosis declined slightly over time but remained
high. In 2007, the age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates
were 11% at 30 days and 25% at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Among
older Medicare beneficiaries, incident AF is common and has
remained relatively stable for more than a decade. Incident
AF is associated with significant comorbidity and mortality;
death occurs in one-quarter of beneficiaries within 1
year.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.962688},
Key = {fds204998}
}
@article{fds204999,
Author = {R Platt and RM Carnahan and JS Brown and E Chrischilles and LH Curtis and S
Hennessy, JC Nelson and JA Racoosin and M Robb and S Schneeweiss and S
Toh, MG Weiner},
Title = {The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Mini-Sentinel
program: status and direction.},
Journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety},
Volume = {21 Suppl 1},
Pages = {1-8},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1099-1557},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.2343},
Abstract = {The Mini-Sentinel is a pilot program that is developing
methods, tools, resources, policies, and procedures to
facilitate the use of routinely collected electronic
healthcare data to perform active surveillance of the safety
of marketed medical products, including drugs, biologics,
and medical devices. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) initiated the program in 2009 as part of its Sentinel
Initiative, in response to a Congressional mandate in the
FDA Amendments Act of 2007. After two years, Mini-Sentinel
includes 31 academic and private organizations. It has
developed policies, procedures, and technical specifications
for developing and operating a secure distributed data
system comprised of separate data sets that conform to a
common data model covering enrollment, demographics,
encounters, diagnoses, procedures, and ambulatory dispensing
of prescription drugs. The distributed data sets currently
include administrative and claims data from 2000 to 2011 for
over 300 million person-years, 2.4 billion encounters, 38
million inpatient hospitalizations, and 2.9 billion
dispensings. Selected laboratory results and vital signs
data recorded after 2005 are also available. There is an
active data quality assessment and characterization program,
and eligibility for medical care and pharmacy benefits is
known. Systematic reviews of the literature have assessed
the ability of administrative data to identify health
outcomes of interest, and procedures have been developed and
tested to obtain, abstract, and adjudicate full-text medical
records to validate coded diagnoses. Mini-Sentinel has also
created a taxonomy of study designs and analytical
approaches for many commonly occurring situations, and it is
developing new statistical and epidemiologic methods to
address certain gaps in analytic capabilities. Assessments
are performed by distributing computer programs that are
executed locally by each data partner. The system is in
active use by FDA, with the majority of assessments
performed using customizable, reusable queries (programs).
Prospective and retrospective assessments that use
customized protocols are conducted as well. To date, several
hundred unique programs have been distributed and executed.
Current activities include active surveillance of several
drugs and vaccines, expansion of the population, enhancement
of the common data model to include additional types of data
from electronic health records and registries, development
of new methodologic capabilities, and assessment of methods
to identify and validate additional health outcomes of
interest.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/pds.2343},
Key = {fds204999}
}
@article{fds205011,
Author = {LH Curtis and MG Weiner and DM Boudreau and WO Cooper and GW Daniel and VP
Nair, MA Raebel and NU Beaulieu and R Rosofsky and TS Woodworth and JS
Brown},
Title = {Design considerations, architecture, and use of the
Mini-Sentinel distributed data system.},
Journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety},
Volume = {21 Suppl 1},
Pages = {23-31},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1099-1557},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.2336},
Keywords = {Biological Agents Databases, Factual* Equipment and Supplies
Feasibility Studies Humans Models, Theoretical
Pharmaceutical Preparations Pilot Projects Product
Surveillance, Postmarketing Program Development Software
United States United States Food and Drug Administration*
adverse effects methods*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We describe the design, implementation, and use
of a large, multiorganizational distributed database
developed to support the Mini-Sentinel Pilot Program of the
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). As envisioned by the
US FDA, this implementation will inform and facilitate the
development of an active surveillance system for monitoring
the safety of medical products (drugs, biologics, and
devices) in the USA. METHODS: A common data model was
designed to address the priorities of the Mini-Sentinel
Pilot and to leverage the experience and data of
participating organizations and data partners. A review of
existing common data models informed the process. Each
participating organization designed a process to extract,
transform, and load its source data, applying the common
data model to create the Mini-Sentinel Distributed Database.
Transformed data were characterized and evaluated using a
series of programs developed centrally and executed locally
by participating organizations. A secure communications
portal was designed to facilitate queries of the
Mini-Sentinel Distributed Database and transfer of
confidential data, analytic tools were developed to
facilitate rapid response to common questions, and
distributed querying software was implemented to facilitate
rapid querying of summary data. RESULTS: As of July 2011,
information on 99,260,976 health plan members was included
in the Mini-Sentinel Distributed Database. The database
includes 316,009,067 person-years of observation time, with
members contributing, on average, 27.0 months of observation
time. All data partners have successfully executed
distributed code and returned findings to the Mini-Sentinel
Operations Center. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates the
feasibility of building a large, multiorganizational
distributed data system in which organizations retain
possession of their data that are used in an active
surveillance system.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/pds.2336},
Key = {fds205011}
}
@article{fds205005,
Author = {AJ Walkey and RS Wiener and JM Ghobrial and LH Curtis and EJ
Benjamin},
Title = {Incident stroke and mortality associated with new-onset
atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized with severe
sepsis.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {306},
Number = {20},
Pages = {2248-54},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.1615},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Atrial Fibrillation California Cohort
Studies Female Hospital Mortality Hospitalization Humans
Male Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Sepsis
Severity of Illness Index Stroke complications epidemiology
epidemiology* etiology* mortality*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) has been
reported in 6% to 20% of patients with severe sepsis.
Chronic AF is a known risk factor for stroke and death, but
the clinical significance of new-onset AF in the setting of
severe sepsis is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the
in-hospital stroke and in-hospital mortality risks
associated with new-onset AF in patients with severe sepsis.
METHODS: Retrospective population-based cohort of California
State Inpatient Database administrative claims data from
nonfederal acute care hospitals for January 1 through
December 31, 2007. METHODS: Data were available for
3,144,787 hospitalized adults. Severe sepsis (n = 49,082
[1.56%]) was defined by validated International
Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical
Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 995.92. New-onset AF was
defined as AF that occurred during the hospital stay, after
excluding AF cases present at admission. METHODS: A priori
outcome measures were in-hospital ischemic stroke (ICD-9-CM
codes 433, 434, or 436) and mortality. RESULTS: Patients
with severe sepsis were a mean age of 69 (SD, 16) years and
48% were women. New-onset AF occurred in 5.9% of patients
with severe sepsis vs 0.65% of patients without severe
sepsis (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.82; 95%
CI, 6.54-7.11; P < .001). Severe sepsis was present in 14%
of all new-onset AF in hospitalized adults. Compared with
severe sepsis patients without new-onset AF, patients with
new-onset AF during severe sepsis had greater risks of
in-hospital stroke (75/2896 [2.6%] vs 306/46,186 [0.6%]
strokes; adjusted OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 2.05-3.57; P < .001) and
in-hospital mortality (1629 [56%] vs 18,027 [39%] deaths;
adjusted relative risk, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.11; P < .001).
Findings were robust across 2 definitions of severe sepsis,
multiple methods of addressing confounding, and multiple
sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with
severe sepsis, patients with new-onset AF were at increased
risk of in-hospital stroke and death compared with patients
with no AF and patients with preexisting
AF.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2011.1615},
Key = {fds205005}
}
@article{fds204996,
Author = {RD Kociol and BG Hammill and AF Hernandez and W Klaskala and RM Mills and LH Curtis and GC Fonarow},
Title = {Pharmacologic prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism and
30-day outcomes among older patients hospitalized with heart
failure: an analysis from the ADHERE national registry
linked to Medicare claims.},
Journal = {Clinical cardiology},
Volume = {34},
Number = {11},
Pages = {682-8},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1932-8737},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.20986},
Keywords = {Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Anticoagulants Chi-Square
Distribution Female Heart Failure Heparin Heparin,
Low-Molecular-Weight Hospitalization* Humans Kaplan-Meier
Estimate Logistic Models Male Medicare Part A* Patient
Discharge Patient Readmission Propensity Score Proportional
Hazards Models Registries Retrospective Studies Risk
Assessment Risk Factors Time Factors Treatment Outcome
United States Venous Thromboembolism administration & dosage
administration & dosage* complications etiology prevention &
control* therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hospitalized medically ill patients are at
greater risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although
pharmacologic prophylaxis regimens have reduced VTE risk in
medically ill patients, associations with early
postdischarge adverse clinical outcomes among patients with
heart failure are unknown. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that
patients receiving pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis during
hospitalization for heart failure would have lower rates of
postdischarge adverse clinical outcomes than patients not
receiving prophylaxis. METHODS: Using data from the Acute
Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHERE) registry linked to
Medicare claims, we estimated 30-day postdischarge outcome
rates for patients who received in-hospital subcutaneous
heparin compared with patients who did not receive
in-hospital VTE prophylaxis. We excluded patients who
received warfarin or intravenous heparin. Outcomes included
mortality, thromboembolic events, major adverse
cardiovascular events, and all-cause readmission. We used
propensity-score methods to estimate associations between
VTE prophylaxis and each outcome. In a secondary analysis,
we compared outcomes of patients receiving pharmacologic
prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin (UFH) vs
low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). RESULTS: Of 36 799
eligible patients in 265 hospitals, 12 169 (33%) received
pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis during the hospitalization. In
unadjusted analysis and after weighting by the inverse
probability of treatment, VTE prophylaxis was not associated
with 30-day postdischarge mortality, thromboembolic events,
major adverse cardiovascular events, or all-cause
readmission. There were no differences in outcomes between
patients receiving UFH and those receiving LMWH.
CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis is provided to
one-third of older patients hospitalized with heart failure.
Treatment with LMWH or UFH did not have a statistically
significant association with 30-day postdischarge
outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/clc.20986},
Key = {fds204996}
}
@article{fds205001,
Author = {RD Kociol and MA Greiner and GC Fonarow and BG Hammill and PA
Heidenreich, CW Yancy and ED Peterson and LH Curtis and AF
Hernandez},
Title = {Associations of patient demographic characteristics and
regional physician density with early physician follow-up
among medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with heart
failure.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {108},
Number = {7},
Pages = {985-91},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1879-1913},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.05.032},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Follow-Up Studies Heart
Failure Humans Insurance Benefits* Length of Stay Male
Medicare Patient Discharge Patient Readmission Physicians
Quality of Health Care Registries* Retrospective Studies
Time Factors United States economics statistics & numerical
data supply & distribution* therapy* utilization*},
Abstract = {Early physician follow-up after a heart failure (HF)
hospitalization is associated with lower risk of
readmission. However, factors associated with early
physician follow-up are not well understood. We identified
30,136 patients with HF ≥65 years at 225 hospitals
participating in the Organized Program to Initiate
Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With Heart
Failure (OPTIMIZE) registry or the Get With The
Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) registry from January 1,
2003 through December 31, 2006. We linked these clinical
data to Medicare claims data for longitudinal follow-up.
Using logistic regression models with site-level random
effects, we identified predictors of physician follow-up
within 7 days of hospital discharge. Overall 11,420 patients
(37.9%) had early physician follow-up. Patients residing in
hospital referral regions with higher physician
concentration were significantly more likely to have early
follow-up (odds ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.12 to
1.48, for highest vs lowest quartile). Patients in rural
areas (0.84, 0.78 to 0.91) and patients with lower
socioeconomic status (0.79, 0.74 to 0.85) were less likely
to have early follow-up. Women (0.87, 0.83 to 0.91) and
black patients (0.84, 0.77 to 0.92) were less likely to
receive early follow-up. Patients with greater co-morbidity
were less likely to receive early follow-up. In conclusion,
physician follow-up within 7 days after discharge from a HF
hospitalization varied according to regional physician
density, rural location, socioeconomic status, gender, race,
and co-morbid conditions. Strategies are needed to ensure
access among vulnerable populations to this supply-sensitive
resource.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.05.032},
Key = {fds205001}
}
@article{fds205009,
Author = {KK Patton and EJ Benjamin and A Kosheleva and LH Curtis and MM
Glymour},
Title = {Early-life antecedents of atrial fibrillation: place of
birth and atrial fibrillation-related mortality.},
Journal = {Annals of epidemiology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {10},
Pages = {732-8},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1873-2585},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.06.003},
Keywords = {African Americans Aged Aged, 80 and over Atrial Fibrillation
European Continental Ancestry Group Female Geography Humans
Male Middle Aged Residence Characteristics Risk Factors
Southeastern United States epidemiology ethnology*
mortality* statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence suggests early-life factors
correlate with atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized
that AF-related mortality, similar to stroke mortality, is
elevated for individuals born in the southeastern United
States. METHODS: We estimated 3-year (1999-2001) average
AF-related mortality rates by using U.S. vital statistics
for 55- to 89-year-old white (136,573 AF-related deaths) and
black subjects (8,288 AF-related deaths). We estimated age-
and sex-adjusted odds of AF-related (contributing cause)
mortality associated with birth state, and birth within the
U.S. stroke belt (SB), stratified by race. SB results were
replicated with the use of 1989-1991 data. RESULTS: Among
black subjects, four contiguous birth states were associated
with statistically significant odds ratios ≥ 1.25 compared
with the national average AF-related mortality. The four
highest-risk birth states for blacks also predicted elevated
AF-related mortality among white subjects, but patterns were
attenuated. The odds ratio for AF-related mortality
associated with SB birth was 1.19 (confidence interval
1.13-1.25) for black and 1.09 (CI 1.07-1.12) for white
subjects when we adjusted for SB adult residence.
CONCLUSIONS: Place of birth predicted AF-related mortality,
after we adjusted for place of adult residence. The
association of AF-related mortality and SB birth parallels
that of other cardiovascular diseases and may likewise
indicate an importance of early life factors in the
development of AF.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.06.003},
Key = {fds205009}
}
@article{fds205003,
Author = {CD Scales Jr and TL Krupski and LH Curtis and B Matlaga and Y Lotan and MS
Pearle, C Saigal and GM Preminger and Urologic Diseases in America
Project},
Title = {Practice variation in the surgical management of urinary
lithiasis.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology},
Volume = {186},
Number = {1},
Pages = {146-50},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1527-3792},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.018},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Humans Lithotripsy* Male
Physician's Practice Patterns* Ureteroscopy* Urolithiasis
surgery therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy are
highly effective treatments for urinary lithiasis. While
stone size and location are primary determinants of therapy,
little is known about other factors associated with
treatment. We identified patient, provider and practice
setting characteristics associated with the selection of
ureteroscopy or shock wave lithotripsy. METHODS: We used the
Medicare 5% sample to identify beneficiaries with an
incident stone encounter from 1997 to 2007. Within this
group we identified beneficiaries undergoing shock wave
lithotripsy or ureteroscopy for the management of urinary
calculi. Multivariable regression models identified factors
associated with the use of ureteroscopy. RESULTS: The cohort
comprised 9,358 beneficiaries who underwent an initial
procedure. Shock wave lithotripsy was used in 5,208 (56%)
beneficiaries while ureteroscopy was used in 4,150 (44%).
Female patients were less likely than males to undergo
ureteroscopy (OR 0.844, p = 0.006). Providers who more
recently completed residency training used ureteroscopy more
often (p = 0.023). Provider and facility volume were
associated with initial procedure selection. The odds of a
second procedure following initial shock wave lithotripsy
were 1.54 times those of ureteroscopy (p <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Nonclinical factors are associated with the use
of ureteroscopy or shock wave lithotripsy for initial stone
management, which may reflect provider and/or patient
preferences or experience. Further investigation is required
to understand the impact of these outcomes on quality and
cost of care.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.018},
Key = {fds205003}
}
@article{fds205010,
Author = {WS Jones and LH Curtis and MW Cox and MR Patel},
Title = {Regarding "stroke and death after carotid endarterectomy and
carotid artery stenting with and without high risk
criteria".},
Journal = {Journal of vascular surgery : official publication, the
Society for Vascular Surgery [and] International Society for
Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {284; author reply 284-5},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6809},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2011.01.081},
Keywords = {Angioplasty Carotid Stenosis Confounding Factors
(Epidemiology) Endarterectomy, Carotid Humans Risk
Assessment Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Stents*
Stroke Treatment Outcome adverse effects* etiology*
instrumentation* mortality surgery therapy*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jvs.2011.01.081},
Key = {fds205010}
}
@article{fds205016,
Author = {JS Wiener and J Antonelli and AM Shea and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and TL
Krupski, CD Scales Jr},
Title = {Bladder augmentation versus urinary diversion in patients
with spina bifida in the United States.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology},
Volume = {186},
Number = {1},
Pages = {161-5},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1527-3792},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.023},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Infant
Male Middle Aged Spinal Dysraphism United States Urinary
Bladder Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic Urinary Diversion
Urologic Surgical Procedures Young Adult complications
etiology methods statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data* surgery*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Augmentation cystoplasty has replaced urinary
diversion as the cornerstone of surgical management of
refractory neurogenic bladder in patients with spina bifida.
Other than single institution series little is known about
practice patterns of bladder augmentation vs diversion.
Therefore, we characterized the use of bladder augmentation
and urinary diversion in patients with spina bifida in a
nationally representative, all payer, all ages data set.
METHODS: Discharge estimates were derived from the
Nationwide Inpatient Sample. All patients who underwent
bladder augmentation or ileal conduit diversion between 1998
and 2005 with a diagnosis consistent with spina bifida were
included in the study. RESULTS: Bladder augmentation was
performed in an estimated 3,403 patients and ileal loop
diversion in 772 with spina bifida between 1998 and 2005.
Patients fell into 2 clinically distinct populations. Those
patients undergoing bladder augmentation tended to be
younger (mean age 16 vs 36 years, p <0.001) and male (52% of
bladder augmentations vs 43% of urinary diversions, p =
0.02), and to have private insurance (46% vs 29%, p <0.001)
compared to those undergoing urinary diversion. Furthermore,
patients undergoing urinary diversion required more health
care resources, with significantly longer hospital stays,
higher total charges and more use of home health care after
discharge home. CONCLUSIONS: Augmentation cystoplasty is
widely used in the surgical management of neurogenic bladder
in patients with spina bifida, although ileal loop diversion
is still performed in a substantial proportion with
clinically distinct characteristics.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.023},
Key = {fds205016}
}
@article{fds205004,
Author = {LA Allen and AF Hernandez and ED Peterson and LH Curtis and D Dai and FA
Masoudi, DL Bhatt and PA Heidenreich and GC Fonarow},
Title = {Discharge to a skilled nursing facility and subsequent
clinical outcomes among older patients hospitalized for
heart failure.},
Journal = {Circulation. Heart failure},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {293-300},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1941-3297},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.959171},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Heart Failure Hospitalization
Humans Male Medicare Patient Discharge Patient Readmission
Registries Residence Characteristics Skilled Nursing
Facilities Treatment Outcome United States mortality*
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of
hospitalization among older Americans. Subsequent discharge
to skilled nursing facilities (SNF) is not well described.
RESULTS: We performed an observational analysis of Medicare
beneficiaries ≥65 years of age, discharged alive to SNF or
home after ≥3-day hospitalization for HF in 2005 and 2006
within the Get With The Guidelines-HF Program. Among 15 459
patients from 149 hospitals, 24.1% were discharged to an
SNF, 22.3% to home with home health service, and 53.6% to
home with self-care. SNF use varied significantly among
hospitals (median, 10.2% versus 33.9% in low versus high
tertiles), with rates highest in the Northeast. Patient
factors associated with discharge to SNF included longer
length of stay, advanced age, female sex, hypotension,
higher ejection fraction, absence of ischemic heart disease,
and a variety of comorbidities. Performance measures were
modestly lower for patients discharged to SNF. Unadjusted
absolute event rates were higher at 30 days (death, 14.4%
versus 4.1%; rehospitalization, 27.0% versus 23.5%) and 1
year (death, 53.5% versus 29.1%; rehospitalization, 76.1%
versus 72.2%) after discharge to SNF versus home,
respectively (P<0.0001 for all). After adjustment for
measured patient characteristics, discharge to SNF remained
associated with increased death (hazard ratio, 1.76; 95%
confidence interval, 1.66 to 1.87) and rehospitalization
(hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.14).
CONCLUSIONS: Discharge to SNF is common among Medicare
patients hospitalized for HF, and these patients face
substantial risk for adverse events, with more than half
dead within 1 year. These findings highlight the need to
better characterize this unique patient population and
understand the SNF care they receive.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.959171},
Key = {fds205004}
}
@article{fds205014,
Author = {ZJ Eapen and SD Reed and LH Curtis and AF Hernandez and ED
Peterson},
Title = {Do heart failure disease management programs make financial
sense under a bundled payment system?},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {161},
Number = {5},
Pages = {916-22},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2011.02.016},
Keywords = {Disease Management* Double-Blind Method Fee-for-Service
Plans Female Follow-Up Studies Health Expenditures* Heart
Failure Hospitalization Humans Male Medicare Middle Aged
Prospective Studies United States economics economics*
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Policy makers have proposed bundling payments
for all heart failure (HF) care within 30 days of an HF
hospitalization in an effort to reduce costs. Disease
management (DM) programs can reduce costly HF readmissions
but have not been economically attractive for caregivers
under existing fee-for-service payment. Whether a bundled
payment approach can address the negative financial impact
of DM programs is unknown. METHODS: Our study determined the
cost-neutral point for the typical DM program and examined
whether published HF DM programs can be cost saving under
bundled payment programs. We used a decision analytic model
using data from retrospective cohort studies, meta-analyses,
5 randomized trials evaluating DM programs, and inpatient
claims for all Medicare beneficiaries discharged with an HF
diagnosis from 2001 to 2004. We determined the costs of DM
programs and inpatient care over 30 and 180 days. RESULTS:
With a baseline readmission rate of 22.9%, the average cost
for readmissions over 30 days was $2,272 per patient. Under
base-case assumptions, a DM program that reduced
readmissions by 21% would need to cost $477 per patient to
be cost neutral. Among evaluated published DM programs, 2 of
the 5 would increase provider costs (+$15 to $283 per
patient), whereas 3 programs would be cost saving (-$241 to
$347 per patient). If bundled payments were broadened to
include care over 180 days, then program saving estimates
would increase, ranging from $419 to $1,706 per patient.
CONCLUSIONS: Proposed bundled payments for HF admissions
provide hospitals with a potential financial incentive to
implement DM programs that efficiently reduce
readmissions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2011.02.016},
Key = {fds205014}
}
@article{fds205002,
Author = {AF Hernandez and LH Curtis},
Title = {Minding the gap between efforts to reduce readmissions and
disparities.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {305},
Number = {7},
Pages = {715-6},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.167},
Keywords = {African Continental Ancestry Group European Continental
Ancestry Group Health Policy Health Status Disparities*
Healthcare Disparities* Humans Medicare Patient Readmission
Quality of Health Care Reimbursement, Incentive United
States statistics & numerical data*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2011.167},
Key = {fds205002}
}
@article{fds183842,
Author = {KT Unroe and MA Greiner and AF Hernandez and DJ Whellan and P Kaul and KA
Schulman, ED Peterson and LH Curtis},
Title = {Resource use in the last 6 months of life among medicare
beneficiaries with heart failure, 2000-2007.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {171},
Number = {3},
Pages = {196-203},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1538-3679},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.371},
Keywords = {Aged Ambulatory Care Cause of Death Cohort Studies
Comorbidity Health Care Costs Health Resources Heart Failure
Home Care Services Hospices Humans Intensive Care Length of
Stay Male Medicare Palliative Care Patient Admission
Practice Guidelines as Topic Retrospective Studies Terminal
Care United States Utilization Review economics mortality*
statistics & numerical data therapy* utilization
utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure is a common cause of death among
Medicare beneficiaries, but little is known about health
care resource use at the end of life. METHODS: In a
retrospective cohort study of 229,543 Medicare beneficiaries
with heart failure who died between January 1, 2000, and
December 31, 2007, we examined resource use in the last 180
days of life, including all-cause hospitalizations,
intensive care unit days, skilled nursing facility stays,
home health, hospice, durable medical equipment, outpatient
physician visits, and cardiac procedures. We calculated
overall costs to Medicare and predictors of costs. RESULTS:
Approximately 80% of patients were hospitalized in the last
6 months of life; days in intensive care increased from 3.5
to 4.6 (P<.001). Use of hospice increased from 19% to nearly
40% of patients (P<.001). Unadjusted mean costs to Medicare
per patient rose 26% from $28,766 to $36,216 (P<.001). After
adjustment for age, sex, race, comorbid conditions, and
geographic region, costs increased by 11% (cost ratio, 1.11;
95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.13). Increasing age was
strongly and independently associated with lower costs.
Renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and
black race were independent predictors of higher costs.
CONCLUSIONS: Among Medicare beneficiaries with heart
failure, health care resource use at the end of life
increased over time with higher rates of intensive care and
higher costs. However, the use of hospice services also
increased markedly, representing a shift in patterns of care
at the end of life.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2010.371},
Key = {fds183842}
}
@article{fds183845,
Author = {P Kaul and FA McAlister and JA Ezekowitz and JA Bakal and LH Curtis and H
Quan, ML Knudtson and PW Armstrong},
Title = {Resource use in the last 6 months of life among patients
with heart failure in Canada.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {171},
Number = {3},
Pages = {211-7},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1538-3679},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.365},
Keywords = {Adult Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Alberta Ambulatory
Care Cause of Death Comorbidity Female Health Care Costs
Health Resources Heart Failure Hospital Costs
Hospitalization Humans Intensive Care Units Length of Stay
Male Middle Aged National Health Programs Prognosis Terminal
Care Young Adult economics economics* mortality* statistics
& numerical data utilization utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating and chronic
condition associated with significant morbidity and
mortality. However, much less is known about end-of-life
(EOL) costs among patients with HF. METHODS: To examine
trends in resource use and costs during the last 6 months of
life among elderly patients with HF, we evaluated data
regarding all patients 65 years or older with HF who died
between January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2006, in Alberta,
Canada, and examined costs associated with all-cause
hospitalizations, intensive care, emergency department
visits, outpatient visits, physician office visits, and
outpatient drugs in the 180 days before death. Overall costs
and predictors of costs to the health care system were also
examined. RESULTS: The study population included 33,144
patients with HF who died. The mean age at death was 83
years. The clinical profile of patients changed during the
study period, with an increasing comorbidity burden over
time. Between 2000 and 2006, the percentage of patients
hospitalized during the last 6 months of life decreased from
84% to 76% (P<.01); and the percentage dying in hospital
decreased from 60% to 54% (P<.01). In 2006, the average EOL
cost was $27,983 in Canadian dollars. In multivariate
analyses, increasing age was inversely associated with EOL
costs and comorbid conditions were associated with higher
costs. CONCLUSIONS: Resource use in the last 6 months of
life among patients with HF in Alberta is changing, with a
reduction in hospitalizations, in-hospital deaths, and an
increase in the use of outpatient services. However, EOL
costs are substantial and continue to increase.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2010.365},
Key = {fds183845}
}
@article{fds205007,
Author = {SM Al-Khatib and A Hellkamp and J Curtis and D Mark and E Peterson and GD
Sanders, PA Heidenreich and AF Hernandez and LH Curtis and S
Hammill},
Title = {Non-evidence-based ICD implantations in the United
States.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {305},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-9},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1915},
Keywords = {Aged Cardiology Cohort Studies Coronary Artery Bypass Death,
Sudden, Cardiac Defibrillators, Implantable Evidence-Based
Medicine Female Guideline Adherence* Heart Failure Hospital
Mortality* Humans Male Middle Aged Myocardial Infarction
Patient Selection* Physician's Practice Patterns Primary
Prevention Registries Retrospective Studies Treatment
Outcome United States complications* etiology prevention &
control* statistics & numerical data utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Practice guidelines do not recommend use of an
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary
prevention in patients recovering from a myocardial
infarction or coronary artery bypass graft surgery and those
with severe heart failure symptoms or a recent diagnosis of
heart failure. OBJECTIVE: To determine the number,
characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes of patients who
receive a non-evidence-based ICD and examine the
distribution of these implants by site, physician specialty,
and year of procedure. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study
of cases submitted to the National Cardiovascular Data
Registry-ICD Registry between January 1, 2006, and June 30,
2009. METHODS: In-hospital outcomes. RESULTS: Of 111,707
patients, 25,145 received non-evidence-based ICD implants
(22.5%). Patients who received a non-evidence-based ICD
compared with those who received an evidence-based ICD had a
significantly higher risk of in-hospital death (0.57% [95%
confidence interval {CI}, 0.48%-0.66%] vs 0.18% [95% CI,
0.15%-0.20%]; P <.001) and any postprocedure complication
(3.23% [95% CI, 3.01%-3.45%] vs 2.41% [95% CI, 2.31%-2.51%];
P <.001). There was substantial variation in
non-evidence-based ICDs by site. The rate of
non-evidence-based ICD implants was significantly lower for
electrophysiologists (20.8%; 95% CI, 20.5%-21.1%) than
nonelectrophysiologists (24.8% [95% CI, 24.2%-25.3%] for
nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists; 36.1% [95% CI,
34.3%-38.0%] for thoracic surgeons; and 24.9% [95% CI,
23.8%-25.9%] for other specialties) (P<.001 for all
comparisons). There was no clear decrease in the rate of
non-evidence-based ICDs over time (24.5% [6908/28,233] in
2006, 21.8% [7395/33,965] in 2007, 22.0% [7245/32,960] in
2008, and 21.7% [3597/16,549] in 2009; P <.001 for trend
from 2006-2009 and P = .94 for trend from 2007-2009).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with ICD implants in this
registry, 22.5% did not meet evidence-based criteria for
implantation.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2010.1915},
Key = {fds205007}
}
@article{fds183839,
Author = {LH Curtis and MA Greiner and AM Shea and DJ Whellan and BG Hammill and KA
Schulman, PS Douglas},
Title = {Assessment of left ventricular function in older Medicare
beneficiaries with newly diagnosed heart
failure.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-91},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.958587},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Heart Failure Humans Logistic
Models Male Medicare Outcome and Process Assessment (Health
Care)* United States Ventricular Function, Left*
physiopathology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Assessment of left ventricular function is a
recommended performance measure for the care of patients
with newly diagnosed heart failure. Little is known about
the extent to which left ventricular function is assessed in
real-world settings. RESULTS: We analyzed a 5% national
sample of data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Services from 1991 through 2008. Patients were 65 years or
older, with incident heart failure in 1995, 1999, 2003, or
2007. We searched for evidence of tests of left ventricular
function from 30 days before through 60 days after an
incident heart failure diagnosis. We used logistic
regression to identify patient characteristics associated
with assessment of left ventricular function. There were 45
005 patients with incident heart failure in 1995, 38 425 in
1999, 39 529 in 2003, and 32 629 in 2007. Assessment of left
ventricular function increased from 46% to 60%, with rest
echocardiography being the predominant mode. Patients
diagnosed with heart failure during a hospitalization had
the highest assessment rates (58% in 1995, 64% in 1999, 69%
in 2003, and 73% in 2007). After adjustment for other
patient characteristics, odds of assessment were 4 times
higher among patients diagnosed in inpatient settings.
CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 40% of Medicare beneficiaries do not
undergo assessment of left ventricular function when newly
diagnosed with heart failure. Quality-improvement strategies
are needed to optimize the care of these patients,
especially in outpatient settings.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.958587},
Key = {fds183839}
}
@article{fds204997,
Author = {BG Hammill and LH Curtis and GC Fonarow and PA Heidenreich and CW Yancy and ED Peterson and AF Hernandez},
Title = {Incremental value of clinical data beyond claims data in
predicting 30-day outcomes after heart failure
hospitalization.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-7},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.954693},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Administrative claims data are used routinely
for risk adjustment and hospital profiling for heart failure
outcomes. As clinical data become more readily available,
the incremental value of adding clinical data to
claims-based models of mortality and readmission is unclear.
RESULTS: We linked heart failure hospitalizations from the
Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure registry with Medicare
claims data for patients discharged between January 1, 2004,
and December 31, 2006. We evaluated the performance of
claims-only and claims-clinical regression models for 30-day
mortality and readmission, and compared hospital rankings
from both models. There were 25 766 patients from 308
hospitals in the mortality analysis, and 24 163 patients
from 307 hospitals in the readmission analysis. The
claims-clinical mortality model (area under the curve [AUC],
0.761; generalized R(2)=0.172) had better fit than the
claims-only mortality model (AUC, 0.718; R(2)=0.113). The
claims-only readmission model (AUC, 0.587; R(2)=0.025) and
the claims-clinical readmission model (AUC, 0.599;
R(2)=0.031) had similar performance. Among hospitals ranked
as top or bottom performers by the claims-only mortality
model, 12% were not ranked similarly by the claims-clinical
model. For the claims-only readmission model, 3% of top or
bottom performers were not ranked similarly by the
claims-clinical model. CONCLUSIONS: Adding clinical data to
claims data for heart failure hospitalizations significantly
improved prediction of mortality, and shifted mortality
performance rankings for a substantial proportion of
hospitals. Clinical data did not meaningfully improve the
discrimination of the readmission model, and had little
effect on performance rankings.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.954693},
Key = {fds204997}
}
@article{fds183843,
Author = {LH Curtis and MA Greiner and MR Patel and PW Duncan and KA Schulman and DB
Matchar},
Title = {Geographic variation and trends in carotid imaging among
medicare beneficiaries, 2001 to 2006.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {3},
Number = {6},
Pages = {599-606},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.950279},
Keywords = {Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases
Carotid Arteries Comorbidity Coronary Angiography* Cost of
Illness Female Humans Magnetic Resonance Angiography* Male
Mid-Atlantic Region New England economics epidemiology*
radiography radiography* surgery ultrasonography
ultrasonography*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Diagnostic imaging among Medicare beneficiaries
is an important contributor to rising health care costs. We
examined temporal trends and geographic variation in the use
of carotid ultrasound, carotid magnetic resonance
angiography (MRA), and carotid x-ray angiography. RESULTS:
Analysis of a 5% national sample of claims from the Centers
for Medicare and Medicaid Services for 1999 through 2006.
Patients were 65 years or older and underwent carotid
ultrasound, carotid MRA, carotid x-ray angiography, or a
carotid intervention. The main outcome measures were annual
age-adjusted rates of carotid imaging and interventions and
factors associated with the use of carotid imaging. Rates of
imaging increased by 27%, from 98.2 per 1000 person-years in
2001 to 124.3 per 1000 in 2006. Rates of carotid ultrasound
increased by 23%, and rates of MRA increased by 66%. Carotid
intervention rates decreased from 3.6 per 1000 person-years
in 2001 to 3.1 per 1000 person-years in 2006. In 2006, rates
of carotid ultrasound were lowest in the New England,
Mountain, and West North Central regions and highest in the
Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic regions. Regional
differences persisted after adjustment for patient
demographic characteristics, history of vascular disease and
other comorbid conditions, and study year. CONCLUSIONS: From
2001 through 2006, there was substantial growth and
variation in the use of carotid imaging, including a marked
increase in the use of MRA, and a decrease in the overall
rate of carotid intervention.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.950279},
Key = {fds183843}
}
@article{fds183844,
Author = {RD Kociol and BG Hammill and GC Fonarow and W Klaskala and RM Mills and AF
Hernandez, LH Curtis},
Title = {Generalizability and longitudinal outcomes of a national
heart failure clinical registry: Comparison of Acute
Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) and
non-ADHERE Medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {160},
Number = {5},
Pages = {885-92},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2010.07.020},
Keywords = {Acute Disease Aged Aged, 80 and over Fee-for-Service Plans
Female Follow-Up Studies Heart Failure Hospital Mortality
Hospitalization Humans Male Medicare Quality of Health Care*
Registries* Retrospective Studies United States economics
economics* epidemiology therapy* trends},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clinical registries are used increasingly to
analyze quality and outcomes, but the generalizability of
findings from registries is unclear. METHODS: We linked data
from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry
(ADHERE) to 100% fee-for-service Medicare claims data. We
compared patient characteristics and inpatient mortality of
linked and unlinked ADHERE hospitalizations; patient
characteristics, readmission, and postdischarge mortality of
linked ADHERE patients to a random 20% sample of Medicare
beneficiaries hospitalized for heart failure; and
characteristics of Medicare sites participating and not
participating in ADHERE. RESULTS: Among 135,667 ADHERE
records for eligible patients ≥ 65 years, we matched
104,808 (77.3%) records to fee-for-service Medicare claims,
representing 82,074 patients. Linked hospitalizations were
more likely than unlinked hospitalizations to involve women
and white patients; there were no meaningful differences in
other patient characteristics. In-hospital mortality was
identical for linked and unlinked hospitalizations. In
Medicare, ADHERE patients had slightly lower unadjusted
mortality (4.4% vs 4.9% in-hospital, 11.2% vs 12.2% at 30
days, 36.0% vs 38.3% at 1 year [P < .001]) and all-cause
readmission (22.1% vs 23.7% at 30 days, 65.8% vs 67.9% at 1
year [P < .001]). After risk adjustment, modest but
statistically significant differences remained. ADHERE
hospitals were more likely than non-ADHERE hospitals to be
teaching hospitals, have higher volumes of heart failure
discharges, and offer advanced cardiac services.
CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients in ADHERE are similar to
Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with heart failure.
Differences related to selective enrollment in ADHERE
hospitals and self-selection of participating hospitals are
modest.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2010.07.020},
Key = {fds183844}
}
@article{fds183838,
Author = {LH Curtis and BG Hammill and KA Schulman and SW Cousins},
Title = {Risks of mortality, myocardial infarction, bleeding, and
stroke associated with therapies for age-related macular
degeneration.},
Journal = {Archives of ophthalmology},
Volume = {128},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1273-9},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1538-3601},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.223},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Angiogenesis Inhibitors Cause of
Death Databases, Factual Female Hemorrhage Humans Macular
Degeneration Male Medicare Myocardial Infarction
Photochemotherapy* Proportional Hazards Models Retrospective
Studies Risk Factors Stroke United States Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor A antagonists & inhibitors drug
therapy* epidemiology etiology mortality* statistics &
numerical data therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between therapies for
age-related macular degeneration and risks of all-cause
mortality, incident myocardial infarction, bleeding, and
incident stroke. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective
cohort study of 146,942 Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or
older with a claim for age-related macular degeneration
between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2006. On the basis
of claims for the initial treatment, we assigned
beneficiaries to 1 of 4 groups. The active control group
included patients who received photodynamic therapy. The
other groups included patients who received intravitreous
pegaptanib octasodium, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab. We
censored data from patients when they received a therapy
different from the initial therapy. The main outcome
measures were associations between photodynamic, pegaptanib,
bevacizumab, and ranibizumab therapies and the risks of
all-cause mortality, incident myocardial infarction,
bleeding, and incident stroke. RESULTS: After adjustment for
baseline characteristics and comorbid conditions, we found
significant differences in the rates of mortality and
myocardial infarction by treatment group. Specifically, the
hazard of mortality was significantly lower with ranibizumab
therapy than with photodynamic therapy (hazard ratio, 0.85;
99% confidence interval, 0.75-0.95) or pegaptanib use (0.84;
0.74-0.95), and the hazard of myocardial infarction was
significantly lower with ranibizumab use than with
photodynamic therapy (0.73; 0.58-0.92). There were no
significant differences in the hazard of mortality or
myocardial infarction between bevacizumab use and the other
therapies. We found no statistically significant
relationship between treatment group and bleeding events or
stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Bevacizumab and ranibizumab use was not
associated with increased risks of mortality, myocardial
infarction, bleeding, or stroke compared with photodynamic
therapy or pegaptanib use.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.223},
Key = {fds183838}
}
@article{fds183841,
Author = {JP Jacobs and FH Edwards and DM Shahian and CK Haan and JD Puskas and DL
Morales, JS Gammie and JA Sanchez and JM Brennan and SM O'Brien and RS
Dokholyan, BG Hammill and LH Curtis and ED Peterson and V Badhwar and KM
George, JE Mayer Jr and WR Chitwood Jr and GF Murray and FL
Grover},
Title = {Successful linking of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons adult
cardiac surgery database to Centers for Medicare and
Medicaid Services Medicare data.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {90},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1150-6; discussion 1156-7},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1552-6259},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.05.042},
Keywords = {Adult Algorithms Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
(U.S.) Coronary Artery Bypass* Databases, Factual
Feasibility Studies Humans Registries* Societies, Medical
Treatment Outcome United States statistics & numerical data
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
(CMS) Medicare database complements The Society of Thoracic
Surgeons (STS) database by providing information about
long-term outcomes and cost. This study demonstrates the
feasibility of linking STS data to CMS data and examines the
penetration, completeness, and representativeness of the STS
database. METHODS: Using variables common to both STS and
CMS databases, STS operations were linked to CMS data for
all CMS coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG)
hospitalizations discharged between 2000 and 2007,
inclusive. For each CMS CABG hospitalization, it was
determined whether a matching STS record existed. RESULTS:
Center-level penetration (number of CMS sites with at least
one matched STS participant divided by the total number of
CMS CABG sites) increased from 45% to 78%. In 2007, 854 of
1,101 CMS CABG sites (78%) were linked to an STS site.
Patient-level penetration (number of CMS CABG
hospitalizations done at STS sites divided by the total
number of CMS CABG hospitalizations) increased from 51% to
84%. In 2007, 94,409 of 111,967 CMS CABG hospitalizations
(84%) were at an STS site. Completeness of case inclusion at
STS sites (number of CMS CABG cases at STS sites linked to
STS records divided by the total number of CMS CABG cases at
STS sites) increased from 88% to 97%. In 2007, 88,857 of
91,363 CMS CABG hospitalizations at STS sites (97%) were
linked to an STS record. CONCLUSIONS: The successful linking
of STS and CMS databases demonstrates high and increasing
penetration and completeness of the STS database. Linking
STS and CMS data will facilitate studying long-term outcomes
of cardiothoracic surgery.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.05.042},
Key = {fds183841}
}
@article{fds183836,
Author = {MR Patel and MA Greiner and LD DiMartino and KA Schulman and PW Duncan and DB Matchar and LH Curtis},
Title = {Geographic variation in carotid revascularization among
Medicare beneficiaries, 2003-2006.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {170},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1218-25},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1538-3679},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.194},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Carotid Stenosis Cohort Studies
Confidence Intervals Endarterectomy, Carotid Female Humans
Male Medicare Odds Ratio Retrospective Studies Risk
Assessment Risk Factors Stents United States diagnosis
epidemiology mortality* statistics & numerical data*
surgery*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about patterns in the use of
carotid revascularization since a 2004 Medicare national
coverage decision supporting carotid artery stenting. We
examined geographic variation in and predictors of carotid
endarterectomy and carotid stenting. METHODS: Analysis of
claims from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2006. Patients
were 65 years or older and had undergone carotid
endarterectomy or carotid stenting. The main outcome
measures were annual age-adjusted rates of carotid
endarterectomy and carotid stenting, factors associated with
the use of carotid revascularization, and mortality rate at
30 days and 1 year. RESULTS: The rate of endarterectomy
decreased from 3.2 per 1000 person-years in 2003 to 2.6 per
1000 person-years in 2006. After adjustment for demographic
and clinical characteristics, there was significant
geographic variation in the odds of carotid
revascularization, with the East North Central region having
the greatest odds of endarterectomy (odds ratio, 1.60; 95%
confidence interval, 1.55-1.65) and stenting (1.61;
1.46-1.78) compared with New England. Prior endarterectomy
(odds ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval, 2.65-3.53) and
coronary artery disease (2.12; 2.03-2.21) were strong
predictors of carotid stenting. In 2005, mortality was 1.2%
at 30 days and 6.8% at 1 year for endarterectomy and 2.3% at
30 days and 10.3% at 1 year for stenting. CONCLUSIONS:
Significant geographic variation exists for carotid
endarterectomy and carotid stenting. Prior endarterectomy
and coronary disease were associated with greater odds of
carotid stenting.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2010.194},
Key = {fds183836}
}
@article{fds183837,
Author = {LD DiMartino and AM Shea and AF Hernandez and LH Curtis},
Title = {Use of guideline-recommended therapies for heart failure in
the Medicare population.},
Journal = {Clinical cardiology},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {400-5},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1932-8737},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.20760},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Angiotensin II Type 1
Receptor Blockers Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Cardiovascular Agents Drug Prescriptions Drug Utilization
Female Guideline Adherence Health Care Surveys Heart Failure
Humans Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services Logistic Models
Male Medicare Physician's Practice Patterns Practice
Guidelines as Topic Risk Assessment Risk Factors Treatment
Outcome United States drug therapy* statistics & numerical
data statistics & numerical data* therapeutic use
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Most information about the use of
guideline-recommended therapies for heart failure reflects
what occurred at discharge after an inpatient stay.
OBJECTIVE: Using a nationally representative,
community-dwelling sample of elderly Medicare beneficiaries,
we examined how the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and
beta-blockers has changed and factors associated with their
use. METHODS: Using data from the Medicare Current
Beneficiary Survey cost and use files matched with Medicare
claims data, we identified beneficiaries for whom a
diagnosis of heart failure was reported between January 1,
2000, and December 31, 2004. Data on medications prescribed
during the year of cohort entry were based on patient
self-report. We used multivariable logistic regression to
explore relationships between the use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs
and beta-blockers and patient demographic characteristics.
RESULTS: From 2000 through 2004, the use of ARBs increased
from 12% to 19%, and the use of beta-blockers increased from
30% to 41%. The use of ACE inhibitors remained constant at
45%. Beneficiaries who reported having prescription drug
insurance coverage were 32% more likely than other
beneficiaries to have filled a prescription for an ACE
inhibitor or ARB and 26% more likely to have filled a
prescription for a beta-blocker. CONCLUSIONS: Although the
use of guideline-recommended therapies for heart failure has
increased, it remains suboptimal.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/clc.20760},
Key = {fds183837}
}
@article{fds183840,
Author = {UD Patel and MA Greiner and GC Fonarow and H Phatak and AF Hernandez and LH
Curtis},
Title = {Associations between worsening renal function and 30-day
outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with
heart failure.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {132-138.e1},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2010.03.033},
Keywords = {Aged Disease Progression Female Follow-Up Studies Glomerular
Filtration Rate Heart Failure Hospital Costs Humans Male
Medicare* Prognosis Renal Insufficiency Survival Rate Time
Factors United States complications economics epidemiology
etiology physiology* physiopathology* trends
trends*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Kidney disease is common among patients with
heart failure, but relationships between worsening renal
function (WRF) and outcomes after hospitalization for heart
failure are poorly understood, especially among patients
with preserved systolic function. We examined associations
between WRF and 30-day readmission, mortality, and costs
among Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with heart
failure. METHODS: We linked data from a clinical heart
failure registry to Medicare inpatient claims for patients
>or=65 years old hospitalized with heart failure. We defined
WRF as a change in serum creatinine >or=0.3 mg/dL from
admission to discharge. Main outcome measures were
readmission and mortality at 30 days after hospitalization
and total inpatient costs. RESULTS: Among 20,063 patients
hospitalized with heart failure, WRF was common (17.8%) and
more likely among patients with higher baseline comorbidity
and more impaired renal function. In unadjusted analyses,
WRF was associated with similar subsequent mean inpatient
costs (USD 3,255 vs USD 3,277, P = .2) but higher
readmission (21.8% vs 20.6%, P = .01) and mortality (10.0%
vs 7.2%, P < .001). The differences persisted after
adjustment for baseline patient and hospital characteristics
(hazard of readmission 1.10 [95% CI 1.02-1.18], hazard of
mortality 1.53 [95% CI 1.34-1.75]). Associations of WRF with
readmission and mortality were similar between patients with
reduced and preserved systolic function. CONCLUSIONS:
Worsening renal function during hospitalization for heart
failure is an independent predictor of early readmission and
mortality in patients with reduced and preserved systolic
function.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2010.03.033},
Key = {fds183840}
}
@article{fds175793,
Author = {RD Kociol and MA Greiner and BG Hammill and H Phatak and GC Fonarow and LH
Curtis, AF Hernandez},
Title = {Long-term outcomes of medicare beneficiaries with worsening
renal function during hospitalization for heart
failure.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {105},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1786-93},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1879-1913},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.01.361},
Abstract = {We examined whether worsening renal function (RF) was
associated with long-term mortality, readmission, and
inpatient costs in Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with
heart failure (HF). Baseline renal insufficiency in patients
hospitalized for HF is associated with increased risk of
morbidity and mortality. However, the relation between
worsening RF and long-term clinical outcomes is unclear. We
linked clinical registry data to Medicare inpatient claims
to identify 1-year outcomes of patients > or =65 years of
age hospitalized with HF. Worsening RF was defined as a
change in serum creatinine > or =0.3 mg/dl. Relations
between worsening RF and 1-year mortality and readmission
were evaluated with multivariable Cox proportional hazards
models with robust SEs; associations with inpatient costs
were evaluated with generalized linear models with a
log-link and Poisson distribution. Of 20,063 patients
hospitalized with HF and discharged alive, 3,581 (17.8%) had
worsening RF during the index hospitalization. One year
after discharge, 35.4% of these patients died, 64.5% were
readmitted, and average costs at 1 year were $14,829
(interquartile range 0 to 19,366). After adjustment for
patient characteristics, baseline RF, and comorbid
conditions, worsening RF was independently associated with
1-year mortality (hazard ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval
1.04 to 1.20) but not readmission or total inpatient costs.
In conclusion, worsening RF in patients hospitalized with HF
was independently associated with long-term
mortality.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.01.361},
Key = {fds175793}
}
@article{fds175794,
Author = {AF Hernandez and MA Greiner and GC Fonarow and BG Hammill and PA
Heidenreich, CW Yancy and ED Peterson and LH Curtis},
Title = {Relationship between early physician follow-up and 30-day
readmission among Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for
heart failure.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {303},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1716-22},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.533},
Keywords = {Aftercare* Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Heart Failure
Humans Length of Stay Male Medicare Patient Discharge
Patient Readmission* Time Factors United States statistics &
numerical data therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Readmission after hospitalization for heart
failure is common. Early outpatient follow-up after
hospitalization has been proposed as a means of reducing
readmission rates. However, there are limited data
describing patterns of follow-up after heart failure
hospitalization and its association with readmission rates.
OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between outpatient
follow-up within 7 days after discharge from a heart failure
hospitalization and readmission within 30 days. METHODS:
Observational analysis of patients 65 years or older with
heart failure and discharged to home from hospitals
participating in the Organized Program to Initiate
Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With Heart
Failure and the Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure
quality improvement program from January 1, 2003, through
December 31, 2006. METHODS: All-cause readmission within 30
days after discharge. RESULTS: The study population included
30,136 patients from 225 hospitals. Median length of stay
was 4 days (interquartile range, 2-6) and 21.3% of patients
were readmitted within 30 days. At the hospital level, the
median percentage of patients who had early follow-up after
discharge from the index hospitalization was 38.3%
(interquartile range, 32.4%-44.5%). Compared with patients
whose index admission was in a hospital in the lowest
quartile of early follow-up (30-day readmission rate,
23.3%), the rates of 30-day readmission were 20.5% among
patients in the second quartile (risk-adjusted hazard ratio
[HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.93), 20.5%
among patients in the third quartile (risk-adjusted HR,
0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.96), and 20.9% among patients in the
fourth quartile (risk-adjusted HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-1.00).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients who are hospitalized for heart
failure, substantial variation exists in hospital-level
rates of early outpatient follow-up after discharge.
Patients who are discharged from hospitals that have higher
early follow-up rates have a lower risk of 30-day
readmission. BACKGROUND: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00344513.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2010.533},
Key = {fds175794}
}
@article{fds175795,
Author = {MA Dinan and LH Curtis and BG Hammill and EF Patz Jr and AP Abernethy and AM Shea and KA Schulman},
Title = {Changes in the use and costs of diagnostic imaging among
Medicare beneficiaries with cancer, 1999-2006.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {303},
Number = {16},
Pages = {1625-31},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.460},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Diagnostic Imaging Female Health Care
Costs Humans Insurance, Health, Reimbursement Male Medicare
Neoplasms United States diagnosis* economics* statistics &
numerical data statistics & numerical data* trends*
utilization*},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Emerging technologies, changing diagnostic and
treatment patterns, and changes in Medicare reimbursement
are contributing to increasing use of imaging in cancer.
Imaging is the fastest growing expense for Medicare but has
not been examined among beneficiaries with cancer.
OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in the use of imaging and how
those changes contribute to the overall cost of cancer care.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Analysis of a nationally
representative 5% sample of claims from the US Centers for
Medicare & Medicaid Services from 1999 through 2008.
Patients were Medicare beneficiaries with incident breast
cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer,
non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or prostate cancer. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: Use and cost of imaging by modality, year, and
cancer type. RESULTS: There were 100,954 incident cases of
breast cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer,
non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and prostate cancer from 1999 through
2006. Significant mean annual increases in imaging use
occurred among all cancer types for positron emission
tomography (35.9%-53.6%), bone density studies (6.3%-20.0%),
echocardiograms (5.0%-7.8%), magnetic resonance imaging
(4.4%-11.5%), and ultrasound (0.7%-7.4%). Conventional
radiograph rates decreased or stayed the same. As of 2006,
beneficiaries with lung cancer and beneficiaries with
lymphoma incurred the largest overall imaging costs,
exceeding a mean of $3000 per beneficiary within 2 years of
diagnosis. By 2005, one-third of beneficiaries with breast
cancer underwent bone scans and half of beneficiaries with
lung cancer or lymphoma underwent positron emission
tomography scans. Mean 2-year imaging costs per beneficiary
increased at a rate greater than the increase in mean total
costs per beneficiary for all cancer types. CONCLUSION:
Imaging costs among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer
increased from 1999 through 2006, outpacing the rate of
increase in total costs among Medicare beneficiaries with
cancer.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2010.460},
Key = {fds175795}
}
@article{fds172852,
Author = {ME Patterson and AF Hernandez and BG Hammill and GC Fonarow and ED
Peterson, KA Schulman and LH Curtis},
Title = {Process of care performance measures and long-term outcomes
in patients hospitalized with heart failure.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {210-6},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1537-1948},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181ca3eb4},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Agents Centers for
Medicare and Medicaid Services (U.S.) Female Heart Failure
Hospital Administration Humans Insurance Claim Review Male
Patient Compliance Patient Readmission Process Assessment
(Health Care) Quality Indicators, Health Care Smoking
Cessation Treatment Outcome United States mortality
statistics & numerical data statistics & numerical data*
therapeutic use therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Recent efforts to improve care for patients
hospitalized with heart failure have focused on
process-based performance measures. Data supporting the link
between current process measures and patient outcomes are
sparse. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between
adherence to hospital-level process measures and long-term
patient-level mortality and readmission. METHODS: Analysis
of data from a national clinical registry linked to outcome
data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
(CMS). METHODS: A total of 22,750 Medicare fee-for-service
beneficiaries enrolled in the Organized Program to Initiate
Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with Heart
Failure between March 2003 and December 2004. METHODS:
Mortality at 1 year; cardiovascular readmission at 1 year;
and adherence to hospital-level process measures, including
discharge instructions, assessment of left ventricular
function, prescription of angiotensin-converting enzyme
inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker at discharge,
prescription of beta-blockers at discharge, and smoking
cessation counseling for eligible patients. RESULTS:
Hospital conformity rates ranged from 52% to 86% across the
5 process measures. Unadjusted overall 1-year mortality and
cardiovascular readmission rates were 33% and 40%,
respectively. In covariate-adjusted analyses, the CMS
composite score was not associated with 1-year mortality
(hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.03; P =
0.91) or readmission (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence
interval, 0.99-1.04; P = 0.37). Current CMS process measures
were not independently associated with mortality, though
prescription of beta-blockers at discharge was independently
associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95%
confidence interval, 0.90-098; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS:
Hospital process performance for heart failure as judged by
current CMS measures is not associated with patient outcomes
within 1 year of discharge, calling into question whether
existing CMS metrics can accurately discriminate hospital
quality of care for heart failure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181ca3eb4},
Key = {fds172852}
}
@article{fds172855,
Author = {JL Petersen and JJ Barron and BG Hammill and MJ Cziraky and KJ Anstrom and PM Wahl and EL Eisenstein and MW Krucoff and RM Califf and KA Schulman and LH Curtis},
Title = {Clopidogrel use and clinical events after drug-eluting stent
implantation: findings from the HealthCore Integrated
Research Database.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {159},
Number = {3},
Pages = {462-470.e1},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2009.11.031},
Keywords = {Aged Cohort Studies Databases, Factual Drug Administration
Schedule Drug-Eluting Stents Female Hemorrhage Humans
Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Mortality Myocardial
Infarction Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors Propensity Score
Proportional Hazards Models Retrospective Studies
Ticlopidine administration & dosage administration & dosage*
adverse effects* analogs & derivatives* chemically induced
etiology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Relationships between long-term use and level of
dual antiplatelet therapy and outcomes after drug-eluting
stent implantation are not well established. METHODS: This
is a retrospective cohort study of 9,256 patients receiving
drug-eluting stents between January 2003 and August 2006. We
classified patients according to tertiles of clopidogrel use
during the 12 months after stent implantation. We used
inverse probability weighting to account for differential
selection into levels of clopidogrel use and logistic
regression to estimate propensity scores for levels of
clopidogrel use. We used Cox proportional hazards models to
estimate effects of level of clopidogrel use on risk of
bleeding events, death, and death or nonfatal myocardial
infarction. RESULTS: There were 3,102 patients in the
high-use group, 3,069 in the medium-use group, and 3,085 in
the low-use group. Compared with the high-use group, risk of
death or nonfatal myocardial infarction was greater in the
medium-use group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.09-1.99,
P = .01) and the low-use group (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.18-2.14, P
= .002). The risk of bleeding events was lower in the
medium-use group (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-0.98, P = .03) and
the low-use group (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.90, P = .002).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher clopidogrel use 12 months after
drug-eluting stent implantation was associated with a
greater risk of subsequent bleeding events. Lower use was
associated with a greater risk of death or nonfatal
myocardial infarction.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2009.11.031},
Key = {fds172855}
}
@article{fds172856,
Author = {AF Hernandez and BG Hammill and ED Peterson and CW Yancy and KA
Schulman, LH Curtis and GC Fonarow},
Title = {Relationships between emerging measures of heart failure
processes of care and clinical outcomes.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {159},
Number = {3},
Pages = {406-13},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.024},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies have not confirmed associations
between some current performance measures for inpatient
heart failure processes of care and postdischarge outcomes.
It is unknown if alternative measures are associated with
outcomes. METHODS: Using data for 20,441 Medicare
beneficiaries in OPTIMIZE-HF from March 2003 through
December 2004, which we linked to Medicare claims data, we
examined associations between hospital-level processes of
care and patient outcomes. Performance measures included any
beta-blocker for patients with left ventricular systolic
dysfunction (LVSD); evidence-based beta-blocker for patients
with LVSD; warfarin for patients with atrial fibrillation;
aldosterone antagonist for patients with LVSD; implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator for patients with ejection
fraction < or =35%; and referral to disease management.
Outcome measures were unadjusted and adjusted associations
of each process measure with 60-day and 1-year mortality and
cardiovascular readmission at the hospital level. RESULTS:
Adjusted hazard ratios for 1-year mortality with a 10%
increase in hospital- level adherence were 0.94 for any
beta-blocker (95% CI, 0.90-0.98; P = .004), 0.95 for
evidence-based beta-blocker (95% CI, 0.92-0.98; P = .004);
0.97 for warfarin (95% CI, 0.92-1.03; P = .33); 0.94 for
aldosterone antagonists (95% CI, 0.91-0.98; P = .006); 0.92
for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (95% CI,
0.87-0.98; P = .007); and 1.01 for referral to disease
management (95% CI, 0.99-1.03; P = .21). CONCLUSIONS:
Several evidence-based processes of care are associated with
improved outcomes, can discriminate hospital-level quality
of care, and could be considered as clinical performance
measures.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.024},
Key = {fds172856}
}
@article{fds172857,
Author = {BG Hammill and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and DJ Whellan},
Title = {Relationship between cardiac rehabilitation and long-term
risks of death and myocardial infarction among elderly
Medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {121},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-70},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1524-4539},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876383},
Keywords = {Aged Appointments and Schedules Comorbidity Coronary Artery
Disease Exercise Therapy Female Heart Diseases Heart Failure
Hospitalization Humans Male Medicare Myocardial Infarction
Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Predictive Value of Tests
Proportional Hazards Models Risk Factors Treatment Outcome
United States epidemiology mortality mortality*
rehabilitation rehabilitation* statistics & numerical data
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: For patients with coronary heart disease,
exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves survival rate
and has beneficial effects on risk factors for coronary
artery disease. The relationship between the number of
sessions attended and long-term outcomes is unknown. METHODS
AND RESULTS: In a national 5% sample of Medicare
beneficiaries, we identified 30 161 elderly patients who
attended at least 1 cardiac rehabilitation session between
January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2005. We used a Cox
proportional hazards model to estimate the relationship
between the number of sessions attended and death and
myocardial infarction (MI) at 4 years. The cumulative number
of sessions was a time-dependent covariate. After adjustment
for demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and
subsequent hospitalization, patients who attended 36
sessions had a 14% lower risk of death (hazard ratio [HR],
0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.97) and a 12%
lower risk of MI (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83 to 0.93) than those
who attended 24 sessions; a 22% lower risk of death (HR,
0.78; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.87) and a 23% lower risk of MI (HR,
0.77; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.87) than those who attended 12
sessions; and a 47% lower risk of death (HR, 0.53; 95% CI,
0.48 to 0.59) and a 31% lower risk of MI (HR, 0.69; 95% CI,
0.58 to 0.81) than those who attended 1 session.
CONCLUSIONS: Among Medicare beneficiaries, a strong
dose-response relationship existed between the number of
cardiac rehabilitation sessions and long-term outcomes.
Attending all 36 sessions reimbursed by Medicare was
associated with lower risks of death and MI at 4 years
compared with attending fewer sessions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876383},
Key = {fds172857}
}
@article{fds165878,
Author = {S Fekrat and AM Shea and BG Hammill and H Nguyen and JW Kowalski and KA
Schulman, LH Curtis},
Title = {Resource use and costs of branch and central retinal vein
occlusion in the elderly.},
Journal = {Current medical research and opinion},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {223-30},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1473-4877},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1185/03007990903439046},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cost of Illness* Female Fluorescein
Angiography Health Care Rationing* Humans Laser Coagulation
Male Retinal Vein Occlusion Tomography, Optical Coherence
economics physiopathology therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence, prevalence, resource
use, and costs associated with branch retinal vein occlusion
(BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in elderly
patients. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study of a
nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries
from 2001 through 2006, the authors identified patients with
BRVO (n = 10,682) and CRVO (n = 6236) and controls with
hypertension (n = 49,524) and glaucoma (n = 49,569) but no
retinal vein occlusion. Incident cases were those with no
claims listing a diagnosis for the same type of retinal vein
occlusion in the previous 12 months. Prevalence was defined
as the number of beneficiaries with a diagnosis of BRVO or
CRVO. The authors summed Medicare reimbursements for all
claims and used generalized linear models to estimate the
effects of BRVO and CRVO on 1-year and 3-year costs compared
with hypertension and glaucoma control groups. The authors
also examined trends in the use of diagnostic and treatment
modalities. METHODS: Resource use (fluorescein angiography,
optical coherence tomography, intravitreal injection, laser
photocoagulation, and vitrectomy) and direct medical costs
(total Medicare reimbursement amounts as recorded on each
inpatient, outpatient, home health, skilled nursing,
hospice, durable medical equipment, and professional service
claim) at 1 year and 3 years. RESULTS: After adjustment for
baseline characteristics, BRVO was associated with 16%
higher 1-year costs and 12% higher 3-year costs compared
with hypertension and 18% higher 1-year costs and 13% higher
3-year costs compared with glaucoma. CRVO was associated
with 22% higher 1-year costs and 15% higher 3-year costs
compared with hypertension and 24% higher 1-year costs and
16% higher 3-year costs compared with glaucoma. Use of
fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography
increased during the study. Use of intravitreal injections
increased from less than 1% of patients overall to greater
than 13% for BRVO and 16% for CRVO. The incidence of BRVO
declined slightly during the study period, whereas the
incidence of CRVO remained relatively flat. Prevalence
increased in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results may not
be generalizable to younger patients or managed-care
beneficiaries. The study included only direct costs to
Medicare, not nonmedical expenditures or outpatient
prescription medications. Diagnosis and procedure codes may
not have been complete. The study could not account for
clinical variables, such as the amount of vision loss. It
was not feasible to adjust for whether one or both eyes were
affected or treated. CONCLUSIONS: Although not common in the
Medicare population, BRVO and CRVO are important independent
predictors of total medical costs. Diagnostic and treatment
modalities have changed over time.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1185/03007990903439046},
Key = {fds165878}
}
@article{fds172853,
Author = {AF Hernandez and GC Fonarow and BG Hammill and SM Al-Khatib and CW
Yancy, CM O'Connor and KA Schulman and ED Peterson and LH
Curtis},
Title = {Clinical effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
among medicare beneficiaries with heart failure.},
Journal = {Circulation. Heart failure},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-13},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-3297},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.884395},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Defibrillators, Implantable* Female
Heart Failure Humans Male Medicare Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment Risk Factors Treatment Outcome United States
mortality* therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The clinical effectiveness of implantable
cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in older patients with
heart failure has not been established, and older patients
have been underrepresented in previous studies. RESULTS: We
identified patients with heart failure who were aged 65
years or older and were eligible for an ICD, had left
ventricular ejection fraction of 35% or less, and were
discharged alive from hospitals participating in the
Organized Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in
Hospitalized Patients With Heart Failure and the Get With
the Guidelines-Heart Failure quality-improvement programs
during the period January 1, 2003, through December 31,
2006. We matched the patients to Medicare claims to examine
long-term outcomes. The main outcome measure was all-cause
mortality over 3 years. The study population included 4685
patients who were discharged alive and were eligible for an
ICD. Mean age was 75.2 years, 60% of the patients were
women, mean ejection fraction was 25%, and 376 (8.0%)
patients received an ICD before discharge. Mortality was
significantly lower among patients who received an ICD
compared with those who did not (19.8% versus 27.6% at 1
year, 30.9% versus 41.9% at 2 years, and 38.1% versus 52.3%
at 3 years; P<0.001 for all comparisons). The inverse
probability-weighted adjusted hazard of mortality at 3 years
for patients receiving an ICD was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.56 to
0.91). CONCLUSIONS: Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with
heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%
or less who were selected for ICD therapy had lower
risk-adjusted long-term mortality compared with those who
did not receive an ICD. Clinical Trial Registration-
clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier: NCT00344513.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.884395},
Key = {fds172853}
}
@article{fds172858,
Author = {DJ Whellan and MA Greiner and KA Schulman and LH Curtis},
Title = {Costs of inpatient care among Medicare beneficiaries with
heart failure, 2001 to 2004.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-40},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.854760},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Comorbidity Cost Savings Female Heart
Failure Hospital Costs* Humans Inpatients* Insurance Claim
Reporting Length of Stay Male Medicare Multivariate Analysis
Retrospective Studies Time Factors United States economics
economics* therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Inpatient care is the primary driver of costs
for patients with heart failure. It is unclear whether
recent advances in heart failure care have reduced the costs
to Medicare for the care of inpatients with heart failure.
RESULTS: In a retrospective cohort study of 1 363 977
elderly Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with heart
failure between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2004, we
examined costs to Medicare for all inpatient care, inpatient
cardiovascular care, and inpatient heart failure care and
the adjusted relationships between patient characteristics
and costs. Among 1 363 977 Medicare beneficiaries with an
index heart failure hospitalization, 901 885 (66%) had a
subsequent inpatient claim during the following year.
Noncardiovascular costs accounted for 57% of total inpatient
costs, and costs associated with heart failure
hospitalizations accounted for 15% of total inpatient costs.
No significant changes occurred in total, cardiovascular,
and heart failure inpatient costs over time. CONCLUSIONS:
The costs of inpatient care for patients with heart failure
are high, but most subsequent inpatient costs are
attributable to noncardiovascular and non-heart failure
admissions. Further research is needed to identify
predictors of costs, so that patients can be stratified
according to risk, and to evaluate strategies that target
primary cost drivers for patients with heart
failure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.854760},
Key = {fds172858}
}
@article{fds165879,
Author = {LD DiMartino and BG Hammill and LH Curtis and JS Gottdiener and TA
Manolio, NR Powe and KA Schulman},
Title = {External validity of the cardiovascular health study: a
comparison with the Medicare population.},
Journal = {Medical care, United States},
Volume = {47},
Number = {8},
Pages = {916-23},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1537-1948},
Keywords = {Aged Cardiovascular Diseases Cohort Studies Comorbidity
Female Humans Male Medicare Randomized Controlled Trials as
Topic Reproducibility of Results Socioeconomic Factors
United States epidemiology epidemiology* methods* standards*
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a
population-based prospective cohort study, has been used to
identify major risk factors associated with cardiovascular
disease and stroke in the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To assess the
external validity of the CHS. RESEARCH DESIGN: Comparison of
the CHS cohort to a national cohort of Medicare
beneficiaries and to Medicare beneficiaries residing in the
CHS geographic regions. SUBJECTS: CHS participants and a 5%
sample of Medicare beneficiaries. MEASURES: Demographic and
administrative characteristics, comorbid conditions,
resource use, and mortality. RESULTS: Compared with both
Medicare cohorts, the CHS cohort was older and included more
men and African American participants. CHS participants were
more likely to be enrolled in Medicare managed care than
beneficiaries in the national Medicare cohort. Compared with
the Medicare cohorts, mortality in the CHS was more than 40%
lower at 1 year, approximately 25% lower at 5 years, and
approximately 15% lower at 10 years. There were minimal
differences in comorbid conditions and health care resource
use. CONCLUSION: The CHS cohort is comparable with the
Medicare population, particularly with regard to comorbid
conditions and resource use, but had lower mortality. The
difference in mortality may reflect the CHS recruitment
strategy or volunteer bias. These findings suggest it may
not be appropriate to project absolute rates of disease and
outcomes based on CHS data to the entire Medicare
population. However, there is no reason to expect that the
relative risks associated with physiologic processes
identified by CHS data would differ for nonparticipants.},
Key = {fds165879}
}
@article{fds172854,
Author = {LH Curtis and MA Greiner and BG Hammill and LD DiMartino and AM Shea and AF
Hernandez, GC Fonarow},
Title = {Representativeness of a national heart failure
quality-of-care registry: comparison of OPTIMIZE-HF and
non-OPTIMIZE-HF Medicare patients.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {377-84},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.822692},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Comoros Female Heart Failure Humans
Inpatients Male Medicare Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Patient Readmission Predictive Value of Tests Quality of
Health Care* Registries United States epidemiology methods*
mortality* standards* statistics & numerical data statistics
& numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Participation in clinical registries is
nonrandom, so participants may differ in important ways from
nonparticipants. The extent to which findings from clinical
registries can be generalized to broader populations is
unclear. RESULTS: We linked data from the Organized Program
to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients
With Heart Failure (OPTIMIZE-HF) registry with 100%
inpatient Medicare fee-for-service claims to identify
matched and unmatched patients with heart failure. We
evaluated differences in baseline characteristics and
mortality, all-cause readmission, and cardiovascular
readmission rates. We used Cox proportional hazards models
to examine relationships between registry enrollment and
outcomes, controlling for baseline characteristics. There
were 25,245 OPTIMIZE-HF patients in the Medicare claims data
and 929,161 Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure who
were not enrolled in OPTIMIZE-HF. Although hospital
characteristics differed, patient demographic
characteristics and comorbid conditions were similar.
In-hospital mortality for OPTIMIZE-HF and non-OPTIMIZE-HF
patients was not significantly different (4.7% versus 4.5%;
P=0.37); however, OPTIMIZE-HF patients had slightly higher
30-day (11.9% versus 11.2%; P<0.001) and 1-year unadjusted
mortality (37.2% versus 35.7%; P<0.001). Controlling for
other variables, OPTIMIZE-HF patients were similar to
non-OPTIMIZE-HF patients for the hazard of mortality (hazard
ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.06). There
were small but significant decreases in all-cause (hazard
ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92 to 0.97) and cardiovascular
readmission (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91 to 0.98).
CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics and outcomes of Medicare
beneficiaries enrolled in OPTIMIZE-HF are similar to the
broader Medicare population with heart failure, suggesting
that findings from this clinical registry may be
generalized.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.822692},
Key = {fds172854}
}
@article{fds158981,
Author = {BG Hammill and AF Hernandez and ED Peterson and GC Fonarow and KA
Schulman, LH Curtis},
Title = {Linking inpatient clinical registry data to Medicare claims
data using indirect identifiers.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {157},
Number = {6},
Pages = {995-1000},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2009.04.002},
Keywords = {Databases, Factual* Heart Failure Hospitalization Humans
Information Storage and Retrieval Insurance Claim Reporting
Medical Record Linkage* Medical Records Systems,
Computerized Medicare* Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Registries* United States},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Inpatient clinical registries generally have
limited ability to provide a longitudinal perspective on
care beyond the acute episode. We present a method to link
hospitalization records from registries with Medicare
inpatient claims data, without using direct identifiers, to
create a unique data source that pairs rich clinical data
with long-term outcome data. RESULTS: The method takes
advantage of the hospital clustering observed in each
database by demonstrating that different combinations of
indirect identifiers within hospitals yield a large
proportion of unique patient records. This high level of
uniqueness also allows linking without advance knowledge of
the Medicare provider number of each registry hospital. We
applied this method to 2 inpatient databases and were able
to identify 81% of 39,178 records in a large clinical
registry of patients with heart failure and 91% of 6,581
heart failure records from a hospital inpatient database.
The quality of the link is high, and reasons for incomplete
linkage are explored. Finally, we discuss the unique
opportunities afforded by combining claims and clinical data
for specific analyses. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of direct
identifiers, it is possible to create a high-quality link
between inpatient clinical registry data and Medicare claims
data. The method will allow researchers to use existing data
to create a linked claims-clinical database that capitalizes
on the strengths of both types of data sources.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2009.04.002},
Key = {fds158981}
}
@article{fds158979,
Author = {AF Hernandez and BG Hammill and CM O'Connor and KA Schulman and LH
Curtis, GC Fonarow},
Title = {Clinical effectiveness of beta-blockers in heart failure:
findings from the OPTIMIZE-HF (Organized Program to Initiate
Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with Heart
Failure) Registry.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology, United
States},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {184-92},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1558-3597},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Aged, 80 and over Female
Heart Failure Humans Male Patient Readmission Registries*
Risk Factors Treatment Outcome drug therapy* mortality*
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine associations between
initiation of beta-blocker therapy and outcomes among
elderly patients hospitalized for heart failure. BACKGROUND:
Beta-blockers are guideline-recommended therapy for heart
failure, but their clinical effectiveness is not well
understood, especially in elderly patients. METHODS: We
merged Medicare claims data with OPTIMIZE-HF (Organized
Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized
Patients With Heart Failure) records to examine long-term
outcomes of eligible patients newly initiated on
beta-blocker therapy. We used inverse probability-weighted
Cox proportional hazards models to determine the
relationships among treatment and mortality,
rehospitalization, and a combined mortality-rehospitalization
end point. RESULTS: Observed 1-year mortality was 33%, and
all-cause rehospitalization was 64%. Among 7,154 patients
hospitalized with heart failure and eligible for
beta-blockers, 3,421 (49%) were newly initiated on
beta-blocker therapy. Among patients with left ventricular
systolic dysfunction (LVSD) (n = 3,001), beta-blockers were
associated with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.77 (95%
confidence interval [CI]: 0.68 to 0.87) for mortality, 0.89
(95% CI: 0.80 to 0.99) for rehospitalization, and 0.87 (95%
CI: 0.79 to 0.96) for mortality-rehospitalization. Among
patients with preserved systolic function (n = 4,153),
beta-blockers were associated with adjusted hazard ratios of
0.94 (95% CI: 0.84 to 1.07) for mortality, 0.98 (95% CI:
0.90 to 1.06) for rehospitalization, and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.91
to 1.06) for mortality-rehospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: In
elderly patients hospitalized with heart failure and LVSD,
incident beta-blocker use was clinically effective and
independently associated with lower risks of death and
rehospitalization. Patients with preserved systolic function
had poor outcomes, and beta-blockers did not significantly
influence the mortality and rehospitalization risks for
these patients.},
Key = {fds158979}
}
@article{fds158978,
Author = {LH Curtis and MA Greiner and BG Hammill and JM Kramer and DJ Whellan and KA
Schulman, AF Hernandez},
Title = {Early and long-term outcomes of heart failure in elderly
persons, 2001-2005.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {168},
Number = {22},
Pages = {2481-8},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1538-3679},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.168.22.2481},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Heart Failure Humans Male
Patient Readmission Retrospective Studies Time Factors
mortality* statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The treatment of chronic heart failure has
improved during the past 2 decades, but little is known
about whether the improvements are reflected in trends in
early and long-term mortality and hospital readmission.
METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study of 2 540 838
elderly Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with heart
failure between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2005, we
examined early and long-term all-cause mortality and
hospital readmission and patient- and hospital-level
predictors of these outcomes. RESULTS: Unadjusted
in-hospital mortality declined from 5.1% to 4.2% during the
study (P < .001), but 30-day, 180-day, and 1-year all-cause
mortality remained fairly constant at 11%, 26%, and 37%,
respectively. Nearly 1 in 4 patients were readmitted within
30 days of the index hospitalization, and two-thirds were
readmitted within 1 year. Controlling for patient- and
hospital-level covariates, the hazard of all-cause mortality
at 1 year was slightly lower in 2005 than in 2001 (hazard
ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-0.99). The hazard
of readmission did not decline significantly from 2001 to
2005 (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval,
0.98-1.00). CONCLUSIONS: Early and long-term all-cause
mortality and hospital readmission rates remain high and
have improved little with time. The need to identify optimal
management strategies for these clinically complex patients
is urgent.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.168.22.2481},
Key = {fds158978}
}
@article{fds158980,
Author = {JM Kramer and LH Curtis and CS Dupree and D Pelter and A Hernandez and M
Massing, KJ Anstrom},
Title = {Comparative effectiveness of beta-blockers in elderly
patients with heart failure.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine, United States},
Volume = {168},
Number = {22},
Pages = {2422-8; discussion 2428-32},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1538-3679},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Aged, 80 and over
Evidence-Based Medicine Female Heart Failure Humans Male
Middle Aged drug therapy* therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Whether beta-blockers (BBs) other than
carvedilol, metoprolol succinate, and bisoprolol fumarate
(evidence-based beta-blockers [EBBBs]) improve survival in
patients with heart failure (HF) is unknown. We compared the
effectiveness of EBBBs vs non-EBBBs on survival. METHODS:
Our study population included North Carolina residents at
least 65 years old who were eligible for Medicare and
Medicaid with pharmacy benefits and had had at least 1
hospitalization for HF during the period 2001 through 2004.
Primary outcome was survival from 30 days to 1 year.
Secondary outcomes included number and days of
rehospitalizations for HF and number of outpatient visits.
Cohorts were defined by BB class (EBBBs, non-EBBBs, or no
BBs) in first 30 days after discharge from index
hospitalization for HF. Outcomes were analyzed using inverse
probability-weighted (IPW) estimators with propensity score
adjustment. RESULTS: Of 11,959 patients, 40% were nonwhite,
79% were female, and 26% were at least 85 years old.
Fifty-nine percent received no BB, 23% received EBBBs, and
18% received non-EBBBs. One-year adjusted mortality rates
were 28.3% (no BBs), 22.8% (non-EBBBs), and 24.2% (EBBBs).
The IPW-adjusted comparisons of 1-year mortality outcomes
for either non-EBBBs or EBBBs compared with no BBs were
statistically significant (P = .002 for both), but there was
no statistical difference between the 2 BB groups (P = .43).
The IPW-adjusted mean numbers of rehospitalizations for HF
were 0.33 (no BBs), 0.29 (non-EBBBs), and 0.41 (EBBBs), with
statistically more rehospitalizations in patients receiving
EBBBs compared with no BBs (P = .002) and with non-EBBBs (P
< .001). CONCLUSION: In this elderly population, the
comparative effectiveness of EBBBs vs non-EBBBs was similar
for 1-year survival, whereas the rehospitalization rate was
higher for patients receiving EBBBs.},
Key = {fds158980}
}
@article{fds158983,
Author = {AM Shea and LH Curtis and BG Hammill and JW Kowalski and A Ravelo and PP
Lee, FA Sloan and KA Schulman},
Title = {Resource use and costs associated with diabetic macular
edema in elderly persons.},
Journal = {Archives of ophthalmology, United States},
Volume = {126},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1748-54},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1538-3601},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cost of Illness* Diabetic Retinopathy
Fee-for-Service Plans Female Fluorescein Angiography Health
Resources Health Services Research Humans Insurance Claim
Review Laser Coagulation Macular Edema Male Medicare Part A
Tomography, Optical Coherence United States diagnosis
economics* epidemiology statistics & numerical data
utilization utilization*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in resource use and the effect
of incident diabetic macular edema (DME) on 1- and 3-year
total direct medical costs in elderly patients. METHODS: We
used a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare
beneficiaries from 2000 through 2004 to identify patients
with incident DME and a control cohort of patients with
diabetes mellitus but no history of retinal disease. We
summed Medicare reimbursement amounts for all claims and
applied generalized linear models to estimate the effect of
DME on 1- and 3-year costs. We also examined the use of
select imaging techniques and treatments. RESULTS: After
adjusting for demographic characteristics and baseline
comorbid conditions, DME was associated with 31% higher
1-year costs and 29% higher 3-year costs. There were
significant shifts in the use of testing and treatment
modalities. From 2000 to 2004, use of intravitreal injection
increased from 1% to 13% of patients; use of optical
coherence tomography increased from 2.5% to more than 40%.
Use of laser photocoagulation decreased over time.
CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for demographic variables and
baseline comorbid conditions, new-onset DME was a
significant independent predictor of total medical costs
after 1 and 3 years. Diagnostic and treatment modalities
used for DME have changed significantly.},
Key = {fds158983}
}
@article{fds152110,
Author = {AF Hernandez and AM Shea and CA Milano and JG Rogers and BG Hammill and CM
O'Connor, KA Schulman and ED Peterson and LH Curtis},
Title = {Long-term outcomes and costs of ventricular assist devices
among Medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {300},
Number = {20},
Pages = {2398-406},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.716},
Keywords = {Aged Cardiac Surgical Procedures Equipment Failure Female
Health Care Costs* Heart Failure Heart-Assist Devices*
Hospitalization Humans Male Medicare Middle Aged Morbidity
Patient Readmission Retrospective Studies Risk Survival
Analysis Treatment Outcome United States economics
economics* mortality therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In 2003, Medicare expanded coverage of
ventricular assist devices as destination, or permanent,
therapy for end-stage heart failure. Little is known about
the long-term outcomes and costs associated with these
devices. OBJECTIVE: To examine the acute and long-term
outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries receiving ventricular
assist devices alone or after open-heart surgery. METHODS:
Analysis of inpatient claims from the Centers for Medicare &
Medicaid Services for the period 2000 through 2006. Patients
were Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries who received a
ventricular assist device between February 2000 and June
2006 alone as primary therapy (primary device group; n =
1476) or after cardiotomy in the previous 30 days
(postcardiotomy group; n = 1467). METHODS: Cumulative
incidence of device replacement, device removal, heart
transplantation, readmission, and death, accounting for
censoring and competing risks. Patients were followed up for
at least 6 months and factors independently associated with
long-term survival were identified. Medicare payments were
used to calculate total inpatient costs and costs per day
outside the hospital. RESULTS: Overall 1-year survival was
51.6% (n = 669) in the primary device group and 30.8% (n =
424) in the postcardiotomy group. Among primary device
patients, 815 (55.2%) were discharged alive with a device.
Of those, 450 (55.6%) were readmitted within 6 months and
504 (73.2%) were alive at 1 year. Of the 493 (33.6%)
postcardiotomy patients discharged alive with a device, 237
(48.3%) were readmitted within 6 months and 355 (76.6%) were
alive at 1 year. Mean 1-year Medicare payments for inpatient
care for patients in the 2000-2005 cohorts were $178,714
(SD, $142,549) in the primary device group and $111,769 (SD,
$95,413) in the postcardiotomy group. CONCLUSIONS: Among
Medicare beneficiaries receiving a ventricular assist
device, early mortality, morbidity, and costs remain high.
Improving patient selection and reducing perioperative
mortality are critical for improving overall
outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2008.716},
Key = {fds152110}
}
@article{fds158982,
Author = {SM Al-Khatib and MA Greiner and ED Peterson and AF Hernandez and KA
Schulman, LH Curtis},
Title = {Patient and implanting physician factors associated with
mortality and complications after implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator implantation,
2002-2005.},
Journal = {Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Pages = {240-9},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-3084},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.108.777888},
Keywords = {Aged Clinical Competence* Defibrillators, Implantable*
Female Follow-Up Studies Heart Failure Humans Incidence Male
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)* Physician's Role*
Postoperative Complications Prosthesis Implantation
Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Survival Rate Time
Factors United States adverse effects* epidemiology
epidemiology* therapy* trends},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Little is known about factors that influence
survival and complications after implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in routine
clinical practice. We examined patient and implanting
physician factors associated with outcomes of ICD therapy in
Medicare beneficiaries from 2002 through 2005. RESULTS: We
limited this analysis to patients aged >or=65 with Medicare
fee-for-service coverage who received an ICD between January
2002 and September 2005. The main outcome measures are time
to postprocedural complications within 90 days and 1-year
mortality. During the study period, 8581 patients had an ICD
implanted by 1959 physicians. The number of procedures
increased from 1644 in 2002 to 2374 in the first 3 quarters
of 2005. The overall complication rate declined from 18.8%
in 2002 to 14.2% in 2005 (P<0.001). Factors independently
associated with an increased hazard of complications include
chronic lung disease, dementia, renal disease, implantation
by a thoracic surgeon, and implantation with
removal/replacement. History of congestive heart failure,
outpatient implantation, and more recent years of ICD
implantation were associated with a lower risk of
complications (P<0.05 for all factors). From 2002 to 2005,
we observed a decline in 1-year mortality (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: We observed an appreciable increase in the
number of ICD implants, which was associated with a
significant decrease in the rate of complications and 1-year
mortality. We identified factors associated with an
increased risk of mortality and postprocedural complications
that may support more nuanced treatment decisions than are
currently possible.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.108.777888},
Key = {fds158982}
}
@article{fds148686,
Author = {CD Scales and J Antonelli and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and JW
Moul},
Title = {Prostate-specific antigen screening among young men in the
United States.},
Journal = {Cancer},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0008-543X},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND.: Disagreement exists on the use of
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests for cancer-risk
stratification in young men in the United States. Little is
known about the use of PSA testing in these men. To
understand policy implications of risk stratification, the
authors sought to characterize PSA use among young men.
METHODS.: The authors used the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System to study prostate-cancer screening in a
representative sample of men aged 40 years and older (n =
58,511). The primary outcome was self-report of a PSA test
in the previous year. RESULTS.: Among men aged 40 to 49
years, 22.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.5-23.5)
reported having had a PSA test in the previous year,
compared with 53.7% (95% CI, 52.8-54.7; P < .001) of men
aged >/=50 years. When sociodemographic characteristics were
statistically controlled, young, black, non-Hispanic men
were more likely than young, white, non-Hispanic men to
report having had a PSA test in the previous year (odds
ratio [OR], 2.42; 95% CI, 1.95-3.01; P < .001). In young
men, annual household income >/=$35,000 (OR, 1.50; 95% CI,
1.26-1.78; P < .001) and an ongoing relationship with a
physician (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 2.06-3.07; P < .001) were
associated with PSA testing. CONCLUSIONS.: One-fifth of
young men reported having had a PSA test within the previous
year. Young, black, non-Hispanic men are more likely than
young, white, non-Hispanic men to report having had a PSA
test, although screening in this high-risk group remains
suboptimal. Cancer 2008. (c) 2008 American Cancer
Society.},
Key = {fds148686}
}
@article{fds147696,
Author = {AM Shea and LH Curtis and BG Hammill and LD DiMartino and AP Abernethy and KA Schulman},
Title = {Association between the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003
and patient wait times and travel distance for
chemotherapy.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {300},
Number = {2},
Pages = {189-96},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.2.189},
Keywords = {Aged Ambulatory Care Antineoplastic Agents* Comorbidity
Female Health Services Accessibility* Humans Inpatients
Linear Models Male Medicare Part D* Multivariate Analysis
Neoplasms Office Visits Reimbursement Mechanisms Research
Design Rural Population Travel United States Urban
Population Waiting Lists* administration & dosage drug
therapy* economics legislation & jurisprudence statistics &
numerical data},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and
Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) altered reimbursements for
outpatient chemotherapy drugs and drug administration
services. Anecdotal reports suggest that these adjustments
may have negatively affected access to chemotherapy for
Medicare beneficiaries. OBJECTIVE: To compare patient wait
times and travel distances for chemotherapy before and after
the enactment of the MMA. METHODS: Analysis of a nationally
representative 5% sample of claims from the Centers for
Medicare & Medicaid Services for the period 2003 through
2006. Patients were Medicare beneficiaries with incident
breast cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, or
lymphoma who received chemotherapy in inpatient hospital,
institutional outpatient, or physician office settings.
METHODS: Days from incident diagnosis to first chemotherapy
visit and distance traveled for treatment, controlling for
age, sex, race/ethnicity, cancer type, geographic region,
comorbid conditions, and year of diagnosis and treatment.
RESULTS: There were 5082 incident cases of breast cancer,
colorectal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, or lymphoma in
2003; 5379 cases in 2004; 5116 cases in 2005; and 5288 cases
in 2006. Approximately 70% of patients received treatment in
physician office settings in each year. Although the
distribution of treatment settings in 2004 and 2005 was not
significantly different from 2003 (P = .24 and P = .72,
respectively), there was a small but significant change from
2003 to 2006 (P = .02). The proportion of patients receiving
chemotherapy in inpatient settings decreased from 10.2% in
2003 to 8.8% in 2006 (P = .03), and the proportion in
institutional outpatient settings increased from 21.1% to
22.5% (P = .004). The proportion in physician offices
remained at 68.7% (P = .29). The median time from diagnosis
to initial chemotherapy visit was 28 days in 2003, 27 days
in 2004, 29 days in 2005, and 28 days in 2006. In
multivariate analyses, average wait times for chemotherapy
were 1.96 days longer in 2005 than in 2003 (95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.11-3.80 days; P = .04) but not
significantly different in 2006 (0.88 days; 95% CI, -0.96 to
2.71 days; P = .35). Median travel distance was 7 miles
(11.2 km) in 2003 and 8 miles (12.8 km) in 2004 through
2006. After adjustment, average travel distance remained
slightly longer in 2004 (1.47 miles [2.35 km]; 95% CI,
0.87-2.07 miles [1.39-3.31 km]; P < .001), 2005 (1.19 miles
[1.90 km]; 95% CI, 0.58-1.80 miles [0.93-2.88 km]; P <
.001), and 2006 (1.30 miles [2.08 km]; 95% CI, 0.69-1.90
miles [1.10-3.04 km]; P < .001) compared with 2003.
CONCLUSIONS: There have not been major changes in travel
distance and patient wait times for chemotherapy in the
Medicare population since 2003, the year before MMA-related
changes in reimbursement.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.300.2.189},
Key = {fds147696}
}
@article{fds148687,
Author = {S Bearelly and P Mruthyunjaya and JP Tzeng and IJ Suñer and AM Shea and JT
Lee, JW Kowalski and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and PP
Lee},
Title = {Identification of patients with diabetic macular edema from
claims data: a validation study.},
Journal = {Archives of ophthalmology, United States},
Volume = {126},
Number = {7},
Pages = {986-9},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1538-3601},
Keywords = {Algorithms* Databases, Factual Diabetic Retinopathy Health
Services Research Humans Insurance Claim Review
International Classification of Diseases* Macular Edema
Pilot Projects Sensitivity and Specificity United States
diagnosis* epidemiology statistics & numerical
data*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of an algorithm for
identifying patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) using
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision,
Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes in
administrative billing data from a convenience sample of
physician offices. METHODS: A convenience sample of 12
general ophthalmologists and 10 retina specialists applied
prespecified algorithms based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes to
the billing claims of their practices and selected the
associated medical records. Four ophthalmologists abstracted
data from the medical records, which were then compared with
the coded diagnoses. Main outcome measures were sensitivity,
specificity, and the kappa statistic for the DME algorithm
(a combination of codes 250.xx and 362.53), treating medical
record documentation of DME as the standard criterion.
RESULTS: The DME algorithm had a sensitivity of 0.88 and a
specificity of 0.96 for identifying DME. Excellent agreement
was noted between the algorithm and the medical records
(kappa = 0.84). The algorithm performed less well in
identifying patients with a diagnosis of clinically
significant DME (sensitivity, 0.86; specificity, 0.84; kappa
= 0.64). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study
suggest that patients with DME can be identified accurately
in claims data using ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. Application
of this algorithm could improve investigations of disease
prevalence and disease burden and provide an efficient means
of assessing care and interventions.},
Key = {fds148687}
}
@article{fds144906,
Author = {BG Hammill and LH Curtis and E Bennett-Guerrero and CM O'Connor and JG
Jollis, KA Schulman and AF Hernandez},
Title = {Impact of heart failure on patients undergoing major
noncardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesiology, United States},
Volume = {108},
Number = {4},
Pages = {559-67},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1528-1175},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Changes in the demographics and epidemiology of
patients with cardiovascular comorbidities who undergo major
noncardiac surgery require an updated assessment of which
patients are at greater risk of mortality or readmission.
The authors evaluated short-term outcomes among patients
with heart failure, coronary artery disease (CAD), or
neither who underwent major noncardiac surgery. METHODS:
Patients were aged 65 and older, had Medicare
fee-for-service coverage, and underwent 1 of 13 major
noncardiac procedures from 2000 through 2004, excluding
patients with end-stage renal disease and patients who did
not have at least 1 yr of Medicare fee-for-service
eligibility before surgery. Main outcome measures were
operative mortality and 30-day all-cause readmission.
RESULTS: Of 159,327 procedures, 18% were performed in
patients with heart failure and 34% were performed in
patients with CAD. Adjusted hazard ratios of mortality and
readmission for patients with heart failure, compared with
patients with neither heart failure nor CAD, were 1.63 (95%
confidence interval, 1.52-1.74) and 1.51 (95% confidence
interval, 1.45-1.58), respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios
of mortality and readmission for patients with CAD, compared
with patients with neither heart failure nor CAD, were 1.08
(95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.16) and 1.16 (95%
confidence interval, 1.12-1.20), respectively. These effects
were statistically significant. Patients with heart failure
were at significantly higher risk for both outcomes compared
with patients with CAD. CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients with
heart failure who undergo major surgical procedures have
substantially higher risks of operative mortality and
hospital readmission than other patients, including those
with coronary disease, admitted for the same procedures.
Improvements in perioperative care are needed for the
growing population of patients with heart failure undergoing
major noncardiac surgery.},
Key = {fds144906}
}
@article{fds144907,
Author = {AM Shea and BG Hammill and LH Curtis and LA Szczech and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Medical costs of abnormal serum sodium levels.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, United
States},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {764-70},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1533-3450},
Abstract = {An abnormal serum sodium level is the most common
electrolyte disorder in the United States and can have a
significant impact on morbidity and mortality. The direct
medical costs of abnormal serum sodium levels are not well
understood. The impact of hyponatremia and hypernatremia on
6-mo and 1-yr direct medical costs was examined by analyzing
data from the Integrated HealthCare Information Services
National Managed Care Benchmark Database. During the period
analyzed, there were 1274 patients (0.8%) with hyponatremia
(serum sodium <135 mmol/L), 162,829 (97.3%) with normal
serum sodium levels, and 3196 (1.9%) with hypernatremia
(>145 mmol/L). Controlling for age, sex, region, and
comorbidities, hyponatremia was a significant independent
predictor of costs at 6 mo (41.2% increase in costs; 95%
confidence interval, 30.3% to 53.0%) and at 1 yr (45.7%
increase; 95% confidence interval, 34.2% to 58.2%). Costs
associated with hypernatremia were not significantly
different from those incurred by patients with normal serum
sodium. In conclusion, hyponatremia is a significant
independent predictor of 6-mo and 1-yr direct medical
costs.},
Key = {fds144907}
}
@article{fds144908,
Author = {LH Curtis and DJ Whellan and BG Hammill and AF Hernandez and KJ Anstrom and AM Shea and KA Schulman},
Title = {Incidence and prevalence of heart failure in elderly
persons, 1994-2003.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {168},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-24},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2007.80},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cohort Studies Female Heart Failure
Humans Incidence Male Prevalence Retrospective Studies
Survival Rate epidemiology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Recent analyses have presented conflicting
evidence regarding the incidence and prevalence of heart
failure in the United States. We sought to estimate the
annual incidence and prevalence of heart failure and
associated survival in elderly persons from January 1, 1994,
through December 31, 2003. METHODS: We conducted a
retrospective cohort study of 622,789 Medicare beneficiaries
65 years or older who were diagnosed as having heart failure
between 1994 and 2003. The main outcome measures were
incidence and prevalence of heart failure and survival
following a heart failure diagnosis. RESULTS: The incidence
of heart failure declined from 32 per 1000 person-years in
1994 to 29 per 1000 person-years in 2003 (P < .01).
Incidence declined most sharply among beneficiaries aged 80
to 84 years (from 57.5 to 48.4 per 1000 person-years, P <
.01) and increased slightly among beneficiaries aged 65 to
69 years (from 17.5 to 19.3 per 1000 person-years, P < .01).
Although risk-adjusted mortality declined slightly from 1994
to 2003, the prognosis for patients diagnosed as having
heart failure remains poor. In 2002, risk-adjusted 1-year
mortality was 27.5%, more than 3 times higher than for age-
and sex-matched patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although the
incidence of heart failure has declined somewhat during the
past decade, modest survival gains have resulted in an
increase in the number of patients living with heart
failure. Identifying optimal strategies for the treatment
and management of heart failure will become increasingly
important as the size of the Medicare population
grows.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2007.80},
Key = {fds144908}
}
@article{fds86299,
Author = {LH Curtis and BG Hammill and MA Bethel and KJ Anstrom and L Liao and JS
Gottdiener, KA Schulman},
Title = {Pancreatic beta-cell function as a predictor of
cardiovascular outcomes and costs: findings from the
Cardiovascular Health Study.},
Journal = {Current medical research and opinion},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-50},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1473-4877},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1185/030079908X253573},
Keywords = {Aged* Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases Cohort
Studies Coronary Disease Female Follow-Up Studies Health
Care Costs Heart Failure Humans Insulin-Secreting Cells Male
Myocardial Infarction Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Prognosis Prospective Studies Stroke diagnosis* economics
economics* epidemiology etiology mortality physiology*
physiopathology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore relationships between beta-cell
function and incident cardiovascular events, death, and
medical costs among elderly individuals. METHODS: In a
prospective, population-based cohort of 4555 elderly
individuals, we examined the effect of beta-cell function on
incident cardiovascular events and mortality. We also
examined costs for 3715 of these individuals. We used the
computer-based homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) to
calculate indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-%B) and
insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S) using baseline fasting glucose
and insulin levels. All subjects were followed from
1992/1993 for 6 years or until death. METHODS: Discrete-time
survival model of the effects of beta-cell function on
incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality; and
semiparametric estimators for calculations of mean 6-year
costs. RESULTS: Controlling for HOMA-%S, a 20% decrease in
HOMA-%B was associated with increased odds of incident
cardiovascular events (odds ratio [OR], 1.09; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 1.05-1.14) and death (OR, 1.10; 95% CI,
1.07-1.14). The relationships persisted after controlling
for clinical and sociodemographic confounders. A 20%
decrease in HOMA-%B was also associated with increased costs
(cost ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05). The significant
association did not persist after controlling for
confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The sample comprises relatively
healthy elderly individuals and is based on data from 1992
through 1999, which may not reflect current experience. The
measure of beta-cell function is an estimate generated from
single measures of glucose and insulin. CONCLUSIONS:
Beta-cell function as measured by HOMA-%B is a significant
predictor of incident cardiovascular events and mortality
but not of costs, controlling for HOMA-%S and
sociodemographic and clinical confounders.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1185/030079908X253573},
Key = {fds86299}
}
@article{fds147697,
Author = {AM Shea and LH Curtis and LA Szczech and KA Schulman},
Title = {Sensitivity of International Classification of Diseases
codes for hyponatremia among commercially insured
outpatients in the United States.},
Journal = {BMC nephrology, England},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {5},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1471-2369},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Administrative claims are a rich source of
information for epidemiological and health services
research; however, the ability to accurately capture
specific diseases or complications using claims data has
been debated. In this study, the authors examined the
validity of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth
Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes
for the identification of hyponatremia in an outpatient
managed care population. METHODS: We analyzed outpatient
laboratory and professional claims for patients aged 18
years and older in the National Managed Care Benchmark
Database from Integrated Healthcare Information Services. We
obtained all claims for outpatient serum sodium laboratory
tests performed in 2004 and 2005, and all outpatient
professional claims with a primary or secondary ICD-9-CM
diagnosis code of hyponatremia (276.1). RESULTS: A total of
40,668 outpatient serum sodium laboratory results were
identified as hyponatremic (serum sodium < 136 mmol/L). The
sensitivity of ICD-9-CM codes for hyponatremia in outpatient
professional claims within 15 days before or after the
laboratory date was 3.5%. Even for severe cases (serum
sodium < or = 125 mmol/L), sensitivity was < 30%.
Specificity was > 99% for all cutoff points. CONCLUSION:
ICD-9-CM codes in administrative data are insufficient to
identify hyponatremia in an outpatient population.},
Key = {fds147697}
}
@article{fds165880,
Author = {LD DiMartino and LH Curtis and RL Williams and DR Abernethy and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Using Medicare administrative data to conduct postmarketing
surveillance of follow-on biologics: issues and
opportunities.},
Journal = {Food and drug law journal, United States},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {891-900},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1064-590X},
Keywords = {Biological Products Drug Approval Healthcare Common
Procedure Coding System Humans Insurance Claim Reporting
International Classification of Diseases Investigational New
Drug Application Medicare* Product Surveillance,
Postmarketing Therapeutic Equivalency United States adverse
effects* methods* therapeutic use},
Key = {fds165880}
}
@article{fds141436,
Author = {CD Scales and JW Moul and LH Curtis and EP Elkin and ME Hughes and PR
Carroll, CaPSURE Investigators},
Title = {Prostate cancer in the Baby Boomer generation: results from
CaPSURE.},
Journal = {Urology, United States},
Volume = {70},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1162-7},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1527-9995},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Baby Boomers (those born in 1946 to 1964) are
thought to place a high value on quality of life, and have a
higher propensity to consume healthcare services than
previous generations. We sought to characterize prostate
cancer (CaP) presentation among this group, and determine
whether treatment patterns differ between Baby Boomers and
the preceding generation. METHODS: We defined two birth
cohorts: men born in 1927 to 1945 (pre-Boomers) and Baby
Boomers. Our study cohort included men less than 65 years
old, diagnosed with CaP between 1999 and 2003 (Baby Boomers,
n = 812; pre-Boomers, n = 1843). We compared the two groups
for clinical presentation, sociodemographics, and primary
treatment, controlling for age effects. The primary endpoint
was selection of radical prostatectomy as primary treatment.
RESULTS: Most Baby Boomers were diagnosed with stage T1
disease (466, 61%), biopsy Gleason sums less than 7 (572,
73%), and prostate-specific antigen levels of 4.1 to 10.0
(509, 66%). This presentation was not clinically different
from pre-Boomers. Baby Boomers had higher socioeconomic
status than pre-Boomers. On multivariate analysis, Baby
Boomers were more likely to undergo radical prostatectomy as
primary therapy (odds ratio [OR] 1.63, 95% confidence
interval [CI] 1.13 to 2.35). Controlling for age effects,
however, there were no significant differences in treatment
choice (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.87) or sociodemographics
between these groups. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in CaP
presentation and treatment between Baby Boomers and
pre-Boomers may be related to age at diagnosis rather than
innate differences in behavior. As more Baby Boomers are
diagnosed with CaP, further research will be required to
characterize this generation's impact on CaP
care.},
Key = {fds141436}
}
@article{fds141437,
Author = {AM Shea and SD Reed and LH Curtis and MJ Alexander and JJ Villani and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Characteristics of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in
the United States in 2003.},
Journal = {Neurosurgery, United States},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1131-7; discussion 1137-8},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-4040},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Substantial progress has been made in the
diagnosis and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
However, studies of SAH in the United States do not include
information more recent than 2001, precluding analysis of
shifts in treatment methods. We examined the epidemiology
and in-hospital outcomes of nontraumatic SAH in the United
States. METHODS: We analyzed nationally representative data
from the 2003 Nationwide Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare
Cost and Utilization Project to determine demographic and
hospital characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital
outcomes of patients with nontraumatic SAH. RESULTS: In
2003, there were an estimated 31,476 discharges for
nontraumatic SAH among patients aged 17 years or older, or
14.5 discharges per 100,000 adults. The in-hospital
mortality rate was 25.3%. Microvascular clipping was
performed in 7513 discharges, or 23.9% of inpatients with
nontraumatic SAH; endovascular coiling was performed in 2849
discharges (9.1%). Adjusted odds of treatment with either
procedure were significantly higher in urban teaching
hospitals compared with urban nonteaching hospitals (odds
ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.62) or rural
hospitals (odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval,
1.93-4.91). CONCLUSION: The in-hospital mortality rate
associated with nontraumatic SAH continues to exceed 25%.
Although it is unclear how many patients with nontraumatic
SAH were actually diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm, this
study suggests that less than one-third of patients
hospitalized for SAH receive surgical or endovascular
treatment. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate
either what systematic coding error is occurring in the
national database or why patients may not receive treatment
to secure a ruptured aneurysm.},
Key = {fds141437}
}
@article{fds86300,
Author = {JY Friedman and LH Curtis and BG Hammill and JK Dhillon and CH Weaver and S
Biswas, AP Abernethy and KA Schulman},
Title = {The Medicare Modernization Act and reimbursement for
outpatient chemotherapy: do patients perceive changes in
access to care?},
Journal = {Cancer, United States},
Volume = {110},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2304-12},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0008-543X},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The primary objectives were to measure and
compare time to initiation of chemotherapy for patients
undergoing treatment either before or after the enactment of
the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and
Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), and to measure and compare
the location of care for patients undergoing chemotherapy
either before or after the enactment of the MMA. METHODS: A
Web-based survey was conducted of a convenience sample of
patients with cancer. RESULTS: A total of 1421 respondents
completed the survey, 684 in the pre-MMA group and 737 in
the post-MMA group. Respondents aged >or=65 years in both
the pre-MMA and post-MMA groups had a median waiting time to
chemotherapy of 3.0 weeks (P = .74). Most respondents aged
>or=65 years received chemotherapy in outpatient hospital
infusion centers or centers affiliated with private
practices (73% in the pre-MMA group vs 62% in the post-MMA
group; P = .02). However, in multivariate analysis there was
no statistically significant difference in treatment
location between the pre-MMA and post-MMA cohorts.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings do not support
generalizations from anecdotal reports that patients have
been affected by the change in reimbursement to oncologists
for chemotherapy as a result of the MMA. The analysis may be
confounded by payments to physicians in the concurrent
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services cancer
demonstration project because these payments may have
delayed changes in care. Moreover, research is needed to
examine the effects of the legislation on vulnerable
populations.},
Key = {fds86300}
}
@article{fds86297,
Author = {LH Curtis and SM Al-Khatib and AM Shea and BG Hammill and AF Hernandez and KA Schulman},
Title = {Sex differences in the use of implantable
cardioverter-defibrillators for primary and secondary
prevention of sudden cardiac death.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {298},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1517-24},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.13.1517},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Death, Sudden, Cardiac
Defibrillators, Implantable Female Humans Male Medicare Sex
Distribution Survival Analysis United States epidemiology
prevention & control* utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies of sex differences in the use
of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) predate
recent expansions in Medicare coverage and did not provide
patient follow-up over multiple years. OBJECTIVE: To examine
sex differences in ICD use for primary and secondary
prevention of sudden cardiac death. METHODS: Analysis of a
5% national sample of research-identifiable files obtained
from the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services for the
period 1991 through 2005. Patients were those aged 65 years
or older with Medicare fee-for-service coverage and
diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and either heart
failure or cardiomyopathy but no prior cardiac arrest or
ventricular tachycardia (ie, the primary prevention cohort
[n = 65,917 men and 70,504 women]), or with cardiac arrest
or ventricular tachycardia (ie, the secondary prevention
cohort [n = 52,252 men and 47,411 women]), from 1999 through
2005. METHODS: Receipt of ICD therapy and all-cause
mortality at 1 year. RESULTS: In the 2005 primary prevention
cohort, 32.3 per 1000 men and 8.6 per 1000 women received
ICD therapy within 1 year of cohort entry. In multivariate
analyses, men were more likely than women to receive ICD
therapy (hazard ratio [HR], 3.15; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 2.86-3.47). Among men and women alive at 180 days
after cohort entry, the hazard of mortality in the
subsequent year was not significantly lower among those who
received ICD therapy (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.82-1.23). In the
2005 secondary prevention cohort, 102.2 per 1000 men and
38.4 per 1000 women received ICD therapy. Controlling for
demographic variables and comorbid conditions, men were more
likely than women to receive ICD therapy (HR, 2.44; 95% CI,
2.30-2.59). Among men and women alive at 30 days after
cohort entry, the hazard of mortality in the subsequent year
was significantly lower among those who received ICD therapy
(HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.60-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: In the Medicare
population, women are significantly less likely than men to
receive ICD therapy for primary or secondary prevention of
sudden cardiac death.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.298.13.1517},
Key = {fds86297}
}
@article{fds86298,
Author = {AF Hernandez and GC Fonarow and L Liang and SM Al-Khatib and LH Curtis and KA LaBresh and CW Yancy and NM Albert and ED Peterson},
Title = {Sex and racial differences in the use of implantable
cardioverter-defibrillators among patients hospitalized with
heart failure.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {298},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1525-32},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.13.1525},
Keywords = {African Continental Ancestry Group Aged Aged, 80 and over
Death, Sudden, Cardiac Defibrillators, Implantable European
Continental Ancestry Group Female Heart Failure
Hospitalization Humans Male Middle Aged Sex Distribution
United States epidemiology prevention & control statistics &
numerical data* therapy* utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Practice guidelines recommend implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy for patients with
heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction of 30%
or less. The influence of sex and race on ICD use among
eligible patients is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine sex and
racial differences in the use of ICD therapy. METHODS:
Observational analysis of 13,034 patients admitted with
heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction of 30%
or less and discharged alive from hospitals in the American
Heart Association's Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure
quality-improvement program. Patients were treated between
January 2005 and June 2007 at 217 participating hospitals.
METHODS: Use of ICD therapy or planned ICD therapy at
discharge. RESULTS: Among patients eligible for ICD therapy,
4615 (35.4%) had ICD therapy at discharge (1614 with new
ICDs, 527 with planned ICDs, and 2474 with prior ICDs). ICDs
were used in 375 of 1329 eligible black women (28.2%), 754
of 2531 white women (29.8%), 660 of 1977 black men (33.4%),
and 2356 of 5403 white men (43.6%) (P < .001). After
adjustment for patient characteristics and hospital factors,
the adjusted odds of ICD use were 0.73 (95% confidence
interval, 0.60-0.88) for black men, 0.62 (95% confidence
interval, 0.56-0.68) for white women, and 0.56 (95%
confidence interval, 0.44-0.71) for black women, compared
with white men. The differences were not attributable to the
proportions of women and black patients at participating
hospitals or to differences in the reporting of left
ventricular ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS: Less than 40% of
potentially eligible patients hospitalized for heart failure
received ICD therapy, and rates of use were lower among
eligible women and black patients than among white
men.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.298.13.1525},
Key = {fds86298}
}
@article{fds86295,
Author = {LH Curtis and BG Hammill and MA Bethel and KJ Anstrom and JS Gottdiener and KA Schulman},
Title = {Costs of the metabolic syndrome in elderly individuals:
findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study.},
Journal = {Diabetes care},
Volume = {30},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2553-8},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1935-5548},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0460},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cholesterol, HDL Continental
Population Groups Cost of Illness Diabetic Angiopathies
Female Humans Hypertension Interviews as Topic Male Medicare
Metabolic Syndrome X Multivariate Analysis Obesity Patient
Education as Topic Prospective Studies Regression Analysis
United States blood economics* epidemiology prevention &
control},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The cardiovascular consequences of the metabolic
syndrome and its component risk factors have been documented
in elderly individuals. Little is known about how the
metabolic syndrome and its individual components translate
into long-term medical costs. METHODS: We used log-linear
regression models to assess the independent contributions of
the metabolic syndrome and its individual components to
10-year medical costs among 3,789 individuals aged > or = 65
years in the Cardiovascular Health Study. RESULTS: As
defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Third
Adult Treatment Panel report, the metabolic syndrome was
present in 47% of the sample. Total costs to Medicare were
20% higher among participants with the metabolic syndrome
($40,873 vs. $33,010; P < 0.001). Controlling for age, sex,
race/ethnicity, and other covariates, we found that
abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, and elevated blood
pressure were associated with 15% (95% CI 4.3-26.7), 16%
(1.7-31.8), and 20% (10.1-31.7) higher costs, respectively.
When added to the model, the metabolic syndrome composite
variable did not contribute significantly (P = 0.32).
CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, and
hypertension but not the metabolic syndrome per se are
important predictors of long-term costs in the Medicare
population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2337/dc07-0460},
Key = {fds86295}
}
@article{fds86301,
Author = {LH Curtis and BG Hammill and EL Eisenstein and JM Kramer and KJ
Anstrom},
Title = {Using inverse probability-weighted estimators in comparative
effectiveness analyses with observational
databases.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {45},
Number = {10 Supl 2},
Pages = {S103-7},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e31806518ac},
Keywords = {Data Interpretation, Statistical* Databases, Factual Drug
Evaluation Epidemiologic Factors Humans Kaplan-Meier
Estimate Models, Statistical* Observation* Probability
Regression Analysis statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {Inverse probability-weighted estimation is a powerful tool
for use with observational data. In this article, we
describe how this propensity score-based method can be used
to compare the effectiveness of 2 or more treatments. First,
we discuss the inherent problems in using observational data
to assess comparative effectiveness. Next, we provide a
conceptual explanation of inverse probability-weighted
estimation and point readers to sources that address the
method in more formal, technical terms. Finally, we offer
detailed guidance about how to implement the estimators in
comparative effectiveness analyses.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/MLR.0b013e31806518ac},
Key = {fds86301}
}
@article{fds86296,
Author = {CD Scales and LH Curtis and RD Norris and WP Springhart and RL Sur and KA
Schulman, GM Preminger},
Title = {Changing gender prevalence of stone disease.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology, United States},
Volume = {177},
Number = {3},
Pages = {979-82},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-5347},
Keywords = {Databases, Factual Female Hospitalization Humans Kidney
Calculi Male Middle Aged Prevalence Risk Factors Sex
Distribution United States Ureteral Calculi epidemiology
epidemiology* statistics & numerical data
therapy},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest that the incidence of renal
stone formation has been increasing and the male
predominance of nephrolithiasis is decreasing, which may be
due to changes in diet and lifestyle. We examined changes in
the prevalence by gender of inpatient hospital discharges
for urinary stone disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The
Nationwide Inpatient Sample was used for analysis.
Discharges with an International Classification of Diseases,
9th revision, Clinical Modification principal diagnosis of
592.0 (calculus of kidney) or 592.1 (calculus of ureter)
from 1997 to 2002 were included in the investigation.
RESULTS: An estimated mean+/-SE 1,013,621+/-19,310
discharges for stone disease occurred from 1997 to 2002.
Discharges for renal calculus increased by 18.9% during the
study period (p<0.001), while discharges for ureteral
calculus remained relatively constant. After adjusting for
population changes discharges for renal calculi increased by
14.2% (p=0.002). In females discharges for renal calculi
increased by 21.0% and discharges for ureteral calculi
increased by 19.2% (each p<0.001). After adjusting for
population changes renal calculus and ureteral calculus
discharges in females increased by 22.0% (p=0.001) and 14.5%
(p=0.005), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this nationally
representative sample the population adjusted rate of
discharges for stone disease in females dramatically
increased from 1997 to 2002. This alteration represents a
change in the prevalence by gender of treated stone disease
from a 1.7:1 to 1.3:1 male-to-female ratio. It may reflect
variations in the underlying prevalence by gender of stone
disease. We speculate that the increasing incidence of
nephrolithiasis might be due to lifestyle associated risk
factors, such as obesity.},
Key = {fds86296}
}
@article{fds86293,
Author = {CD Scales and LH Curtis and RD Norris and KA Schulman and P Dahm and JW
Moul},
Title = {Relationship between body mass index and prostate cancer
screening in the United States.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology, United States},
Volume = {177},
Number = {2},
Pages = {493-8},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-5347},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Body Mass Index* Humans Male
Mass Screening Middle Aged Obesity Prostatic Neoplasms
United States complications* diagnosis* statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Obesity is associated with more advanced disease
and worse outcomes in men with prostate cancer. To our
knowledge the relationship between obesity and prostate
cancer screening behavior in men 40 or older is unknown.
Thus, we examined associations between body mass index and
prostate cancer screening behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We used the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
to study prostate cancer screening in a representative
sample of 57,827 men 40 years or older. Primary outcomes
were the proportion of men ever screened and the proportion
screened in the last year for prostate cancer. RESULTS:
Obese men were more likely than normal weight men to have
had a prostate specific antigen test (62.1% vs 56.1%, p
<0.001) and to have had a prostate specific antigen test in
the last year (44.2% vs 38.2%, p <0.001). After controlling
for sociodemographic characteristics obese men remained more
likely than normal weight men to have had a prostate
specific antigen test (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.33-1.61) and to
have had a prostate specific antigen test in the last year
(OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.30-1.55). Respondents reporting an
ongoing relationship with a physician (OR 2.88, 95% CI
2.57-3.22) and black nonHispanic men vs white men (OR 1.58,
95% CI 1.38-1.81) were also more likely to have had a
prostate specific antigen test in the last year.
CONCLUSIONS: Obese men are more likely than normal weight
men to be screened for prostate cancer. Associations between
advanced stage, worse outcomes and obesity may not be
explained by disparities in the screening of obese men for
prostate cancer.},
Key = {fds86293}
}
@article{fds86294,
Author = {SM Kansagra and LH Curtis and KJ Anstrom and KA Schulman},
Title = {Trends in operator and hospital procedure volume and
outcomes for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty,
1996 to 2001.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology, United
States},
Volume = {99},
Number = {3},
Pages = {339-43},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Aged Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Female
Florida Follow-Up Studies Hospitals, Private Humans Male
Middle Aged Myocardial Ischemia New York Outcome Assessment
(Health Care) Retrospective Studies Survival Rate Treatment
Outcome epidemiology mortality statistics & numerical data*
therapy* trends trends*},
Abstract = {Although the volume/outcome relation for percutaneous
transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is well
established, it is unclear how the relation has changed over
time. To examine trends in hospital and operator volume and
outcomes for PTCA, we conducted a retrospective cohort study
of discharge records of patients who underwent PTCA at
nonfederal hospitals in Florida and New York from 1996 to
2001. Hospital/operator pairs were divided into 4 classes
using American College of Cardiology/American Heart
Association volume classifications. Outcome measurements
were operator and hospital procedure volume and a combined
end point of inpatient mortality and emergency coronary
artery bypass graft surgery. Of 452,404 patients, the number
of patients who underwent PTCA from 1996 to 2001 increased
from 58,180 to 92,277, with a mean annual increase of 9.1%.
The risk-adjusted end point of mortality and emergency
coronary artery bypass grafting decreased over time,
occurring in 2.8% of admissions in 1996 and in 1.6% of
admissions in 2001. Class 1 hospital/operator pairs, which
were operators performing >or=75 procedures at hospitals
performing >400 procedures, had the lowest occurrence of the
end point overall and in each year. The risk-adjusted end
point difference between classes narrowed over time. In
conclusion, outcomes were best for patients receiving care
from class 1 hospital/operator pairs, and an increasing
proportion of patients received care from class 1 pairs.
There were outcome differences within subpopulations of
operators in classes 2 and 4, which suggest possibilities
for alternative volume classification guidelines.},
Key = {fds86294}
}
@article{fds86281,
Author = {CD Scales and LH Curtis and RD Norris and KA Schulman and DM Albala and JW
Moul},
Title = {Prostate specific antigen testing in men older than 75 years
in the United States.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology, United States},
Volume = {176},
Number = {2},
Pages = {511-4},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-5347},
Keywords = {Adult Age Factors Aged Blood Chemical Analysis Humans Male
Middle Aged Physician's Practice Patterns* Prostate-Specific
Antigen United States blood* statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Although there is general agreement that men older
than 75 years are unlikely to benefit from prostate specific
antigen testing, patient reported testing rates in these
patients exceed 30%. We examined physician reported PSA
testing in elderly men, and physician and practice
characteristics associated with testing. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: Using the 1999 to 2002 National Ambulatory Medical
Care Survey, a nationally representative sample of
outpatient visits to nonfederal office based physicians, we
measured rates of prostate specific antigen testing by age
group in men without prostate cancer who were 40 years or
older and who visited outpatient family medicine, internal
medicine or urology clinics. RESULTS: An estimated 42.3
million prostate specific antigen tests were performed from
1999 to 2002, of which 5.91 million (14.0%) were performed
in men older than 75 years. The population based testing
rate was 6.1% in patients 40 to 49-year-old, 26.0% in
patients 50 to 75-year-old and 27.8% in patients older than
75 years. Urologists performed 35.4% of prostate specific
antigen tests in men older than 75 years. Controlling for
sociodemographic variables physicians with a laboratory on
site were more likely to perform a prostate specific antigen
test (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.71). In men older than 75
years the odds of prostate specific antigen testing were
1.58 times higher (95% CI 1.01 to 2.50) in practices with a
laboratory on site. CONCLUSIONS: Up to a third of men older
than 75 years undergo prostate specific antigen testing
despite an average life expectancy of less than 10 years.
Physician and practice characteristics are associated with
prostate specific antigen PSA testing.},
Key = {fds86281}
}
@article{fds86278,
Author = {LH Curtis and J Stoddard and JI Radeva and S Hutchison and PE Dans and A
Wright, RL Woosley and KA Schulman},
Title = {Geographic variation in the prescription of schedule II
opioid analgesics among outpatients in the United
States.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3 Pt 1},
Pages = {837-55},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00511.x},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Aged Analgesics, Opioid Drug Prescriptions*
Female Humans Insurance Claim Reporting Male Middle Aged
Outpatients* United States classification* statistics &
numerical data* therapeutic use},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To measure geographic variation in opioid use in
a large, commercially insured, outpatient population in the
United States. METHODS: Outpatient prescription drug claims
database of a national pharmaceutical benefit manager for
7,873,337 subjects with at least one prescription drug claim
in 2000. METHODS: We measured the period prevalence of
claims for opioid analgesics and controlled-release
oxycodone at the state level. We measured geographic
variation using the weighted coefficient of variation and
systematic component of variation. In county-level
multivariable regression, we explored associations between
potential explanatory variables and claims for opioid
analgesics and controlled-release oxycodone. RESULTS: A
total of 567,778 (64.2 per 1,000 total claims) were for oral
opioid analgesics. Claim rates by state ranged from <20 to
>100 claims per 1,000 total claims. States with
long-standing prescription monitoring programs had among the
lowest rates. In the county-level data, presence of a
statewide prescription monitoring program and proportions of
the population aged 15-24 and 65 years and older were
independently and negatively associated with claim rates for
all opioid analgesics. Surgeons per 1,000, proportion of the
population reporting illicit drug use, and proportion who
were female were independently and positively associated
with claim rates for all opioid analgesics. Only the
proportion of the population aged 25-34 and number of
surgeons per 1,000 were independently and positively
associated with claim rates for oxycodone. CONCLUSIONS:
Claim rates for opioid analgesics vary significantly by
state. Presence of a statewide prescription monitoring
program is associated with lower claim rates at the county
level. Future research should use individual-level data to
assess whether these findings reflect a reduction in abuse
and diversion or suboptimal treatment of
pain.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00511.x},
Key = {fds86278}
}
@article{fds86292,
Author = {NM Allen LaPointe and LH Curtis and KA Chan and JM Kramer and JE Lafata and JH Gurwitz and MA Raebel and R Platt},
Title = {Frequency of high-risk use of QT-prolonging
medications.},
Journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, England},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {361-8},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-8569},
Keywords = {Age Factors Aged Amitriptyline Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
Anti-Bacterial Agents Antidepressive Agents Antipsychotic
Agents Drug Interactions Female Health Maintenance
Organizations Humans Long QT Syndrome Male Outpatients
Pharmaceutical Preparations Risk Factors Sex Factors
Torsades de Pointes adverse effects chemically induced
chemically induced*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Prolongation of the QT interval has been associated
with increased risk of torsades de pointes and death.
Concurrent use of more than one QT-prolonging drug or a
QT-prolonging drug with a drug that alters its
pharmacokinetic profile is an important risk factor for
adverse outcomes. METHODS: Using a representative sample of
2 million health plan members from 10 health maintenance
organizations with pharmacy benefits between January 1999
and July 2001, we identified potential drug interactions
involving QT-prolonging medications. Prescription claims
overlapping by at least 7 days for either 2 or more
QT-prolonging drugs or a QT-prolonging drug with a drug that
alters its clearance were considered potential drug
interactions. We determined the number of drug interactions
overall and the number of these interactions involving
patients with other risk factors for torsades de pointes.
RESULTS: A total of 48 465 potential drug interactions were
identified in 10 415 (4.6%) of the 228 550 patients with at
least one prescription for a QT-prolonging drug.
Amitriptyline was involved in 37 859 (78.1%) of the drug
interactions. Of all potential drug interactions, 43 689
(90.1%) occurred in patients with at least one other risk
factor for torsades de pointes, and 1053 (2.2%) were listed
as a contraindicated combination in product labeling.
CONCLUSION: Potential drug interactions involving currently
marketed QT-prolonging drugs occurred in 4.6% of patients
who had a prescription for a QT-prolonging medication. The
findings suggest several areas for targeted interventions to
decrease the potential risk from QT-prolonging
medications.},
Key = {fds86292}
}
@article{fds86279,
Author = {JC Sung and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and DM Albala},
Title = {Geographic variations in the use of medical and surgical
therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology, United States},
Volume = {175},
Number = {3 Pt 1},
Pages = {1023-7},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-5347},
Keywords = {Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists Cross-Sectional Studies Drug
Utilization Enzyme Inhibitors Finasteride Humans Male Middle
Aged Prostatic Hyperplasia United States Urologic Surgical
Procedures drug therapy* statistics & numerical data
surgery* therapeutic use* utilization},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Patients with BPH have several treatment options.
Little is known about geographic variations in surgical
rates for BPH and the market relationships to medical
therapy, health resources and sociodemographic factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study
using administrative data from 5 states in 2000. Rates of
surgical and medical therapy were calculated per 100,000 men
55 years old or older. Main outcome measures were county
level weighted coefficient of variation and systematic
component of variation in therapy rates, as well as surgery
rates as a function of medication dispensing rates, health
care resources and sociodemographic characteristics.
RESULTS: North Carolina had the lowest surgery rates (26.3
minimally invasive procedures and 332.1 invasive surgeries
per 100,000) and finasteride dispensing rates (503.5 per
100,000). Overall rates of medical therapy were 5 times
higher than surgery rates. Geographic variations in surgical
and medical therapy rates were significant for each state,
and North Carolina had the greatest variation. An increase
of 11.6 per 100,000 (95% CI, 6.5-55.8) in annual county
level finasteride dispensing would be associated with a
decrease in the surgery rate of 1 per 100,000, controlling
for other variables. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant
systematic variation in rates of surgical and medical
therapy for BPH at county and state levels. The relationship
between finasteride and surgery in randomized clinical
trials is generalizable to the marketplace. Finasteride
rates are inversely related to surgery rates, and tamsulosin
rates are positively associated with surgery rates. Surgery
rates are not significantly associated with urologists per
capita.},
Key = {fds86279}
}
@article{fds86273,
Author = {TJ Meine and MR Patel and V DePuy and LH Curtis and SV Rao and BJ Gersh and KA
Schulman, JG Jollis},
Title = {Evidence-based therapies and mortality in patients
hospitalized in December with acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine, United States},
Volume = {143},
Number = {7},
Pages = {481-5},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1539-3704},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Aged, 80 and over
Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Aspirin
Evidence-Based Medicine Hospitalization Humans Medicare
Myocardial Ischemia Outcome and Process Assessment (Health
Care)* Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors Retrospective Studies
Seasons Thrombolytic Therapy United States epidemiology
mortality* therapeutic use therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that patients
hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI) in
December have poor outcomes, and some studies have
hypothesized that the cause may be the infrequent use of
evidence-based therapies during the December holiday season.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the care and outcomes of patients with
acute MI hospitalized in December and patients hospitalized
during other months. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data
from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. SETTING:
Nonfederal, acute care hospitals in the United States.
PATIENTS: 127 959 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized
between January 1994 and February 1996 with confirmed acute
MI. MEASUREMENTS: Use of aspirin, beta-blockers, and
reperfusion therapy (thrombolytic therapy or percutaneous
coronary intervention), and 30-day mortality. RESULTS: When
the authors controlled for patient, hospital, and physician
characteristics, the use of evidence-based therapies was not
significantly lower but 30-day mortality was higher (21.7%
vs. 20.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.12])
among patients hospitalized in December. LIMITATIONS: This
was a nonrandomized, observational study. Unmeasured
characteristics may have contributed to outcome differences.
CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day mortality rates were higher for
Medicare patients hospitalized with acute MI in December
than in other months, although the use of evidence-based
therapies was not significantly lower.},
Key = {fds86273}
}
@article{fds86289,
Author = {JI Radeva and E VanScoyoc and FO Smith and LH Curtis and PP
Breitfeld},
Title = {National estimates of the use of hematopoietic stem-cell
transplantation in children with cancer in the United
States.},
Journal = {Bone marrow transplantation, England},
Volume = {36},
Number = {5},
Pages = {397-404},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0268-3369},
Keywords = {Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Female Hematopoietic Stem
Cell Transplantation Hospital Costs* Hospital Mortality*
Humans Male Neoplasms Retrospective Studies United States
economics* mortality therapy},
Abstract = {National utilization data for hematopoietic stem-cell
transplantation (HSCT) for childhood cancers in the United
States have not been reported. We identified cancer
encounters for children aged 18 years and younger from 1997
to 2001 in US nonfederal, acute care hospitals. We compared
patient, hospital, and resource use characteristics and
in-patient mortality associated with HSCT and non-HSCT
encounters, estimated the number of HSCT encounters by
stem-cell source and cancer type, and examined resource use
and mortality in each category. We identified 461,175 cancer
encounters, of which 6380 (1.4%) were HSCT encounters. There
was wide variation in resource use and mortality by
stem-cell source and cancer type. Of note, 17% of HSCT
encounters were for patients with acute lymphoblastic
leukemia without remission or sarcoma, conditions for which
there is little evidence of benefit from HSCT in children.
These encounters were associated with high in-patient
mortality and long lengths of stay. Also, we observed an
increasing use of cord blood over the study period. Future
research should examine potentially important
sociodemographic differences in patients undergoing HSCT
compared to those who do not. Additional analyses
incorporating disease stage and severity are
needed.},
Key = {fds86289}
}
@article{fds86270,
Author = {T Østbye, LH Curtis and LE Masselink and S Hutchison and A Wright and PE Dans and KA Schulman and RR Krishnan},
Title = {Atypical antipsychotic drugs and diabetes mellitus in a
large outpatient population: a retrospective cohort
study.},
Journal = {Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, England},
Volume = {14},
Number = {6},
Pages = {407-15},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-8569},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over
Anti-Bacterial Agents Antidepressive Agents Antipsychotic
Agents Benzodiazepines Clozapine Cohort Studies Databases,
Factual Diabetes Mellitus Dibenzothiazepines Female Humans
Incidence Insurance Claim Reporting Male Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis Outpatients Piperazines Prescriptions,
Drug Retrospective Studies Risperidone Sex Factors Thiazoles
Thioridazine Time Factors United States adverse effects
chemically induced* epidemiology statistics & numerical data
statistics & numerical data* therapeutic use therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Previous research has suggested an association
between use of atypical antipsychotics and onset of diabetes
mellitus. We sought to compare the incidence of new onset
diabetes among patients receiving atypical antipsychotics,
traditional antipsychotics or antidepressants. METHODS:
Retrospective cohort study of outpatients with claims for
atypical antipsychotics (n = 10 265) compared to controls
with claims for traditional antipsychotics (n = 4607),
antidepressants (n = 60 856) or antibiotics (n = 59 878) in
the administrative claims database of a large pharmaceutical
benefit manager between June 2000 and May 2002. Main outcome
measures were adjusted and unadjusted incidence rates of
diabetes (new cases per 1000 per year) in a 12-month period,
as measured using new prescriptions for antidiabetic drugs
after a 6-month lead-in period. RESULTS: Annual unadjusted
incidence rates of diabetes (new cases per 1000 per year)
were 7.5 for atypical antipsychotics, 11.3 for traditional
antipsychotics, 7.8 for antidepressants and 5.1 for
antibiotics. In multivariable analyses, age, male sex and
Chronic Disease Score were associated with greater odds of
diabetes onset. There were no statistically significant
differences in outcome between the atypical antipsychotic,
traditional antipsychotic and antidepressant groups.
Multivariable comparisons among specific agents showed
increased odds of diabetes for clozapine, olanzapine,
ziprasidone and thioridazine (relative to risperidone), but
these comparisons did not reach statistical significance.
CONCLUSIONS: In a large prescription claims database,
outpatients taking atypical antipsychotics did not have
higher rates of diabetes onset, compared to subjects taking
traditional antipsychotics or antidepressants.},
Key = {fds86270}
}
@article{fds86290,
Author = {WS Yancy and MK Olsen and LH Curtis and KA Schulman and MS Cuffe and EZ
Oddone},
Title = {Variations in coronary procedure utilization depending on
body mass index.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine, United States},
Volume = {165},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1381-7},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Angioplasty, Transluminal,
Percutaneous Coronary Body Mass Index* Cohort Studies
Coronary Artery Bypass Female Heart Catheterization Humans
Male Myocardial Infarction Obesity Risk Factors
complications therapy* utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Increased body mass index (BMI) (calculated as
weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in
meters) is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and is
associated with lower preventive services utilization. The
relationship between BMI and utilization of diagnostic or
therapeutic procedures for coronary heart disease has not
been examined. METHODS: We evaluated 109 664 Medicare
patients who were hospitalized for acute myocardial
infarction in a nongovernmental acute care hospital between
1994 and 1996, were 65 years or older, and weighed 159 kg or
less. We used logistic regression to examine the
relationship of BMI with utilization of cardiac
catheterization, percutaneous coronary intervention, and
coronary artery bypass grafting while adjusting for patient
and hospital characteristics. RESULTS: Participants had a
mean age of 75.8 years; 53% were men and 90% were white.
Individuals with a BMI of 25.0 to 35.0 had the highest rates
of coronary procedure utilization. Compared with patients
with a BMI of 25.0 to 29.9, those with a BMI of 35.0 to 39.9
had a reduced adjusted odds ratio (OR) of receiving coronary
artery bypass grafting (OR, 0.88; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 0.79-0.98), whereas patients with a BMI of 40.0 or
greater had the lowest odds of receiving cardiac
catheterization (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.73-0.92), percutaneous
coronary intervention (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.77-1.03), and
coronary artery bypass grafting (OR, 0.68; 95% CI,
0.57-0.82). Patients who did not receive coronary
revascularization had higher mortality rates than those who
did. CONCLUSIONS: For patients hospitalized with acute
myocardial infarction, those with a very high BMI were less
likely to receive invasive coronary procedures. Future
research should investigate reasons for these variations in
coronary procedure utilization.},
Key = {fds86290}
}
@article{fds86287,
Author = {LH Curtis and LE Masselink and T Østbye, S Hutchison and PE Dans and A
Wright, RR Krishnan and KA Schulman},
Title = {Prevalence of atypical antipsychotic drug use among
commercially insured youths in the United
States.},
Journal = {Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine},
Volume = {159},
Number = {4},
Pages = {362-6},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1072-4710},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.4.362},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Age Factors Antipsychotic Agents Child
Child, Preschool Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn
Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services Male Sex Factors
statistics & numerical data therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Use of atypical antipsychotic medications in
pediatric populations is increasing. Although previous
studies have presented data by age or sex, none has
documented sex-specific prevalence by age group. OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the 1-year prevalence of atypical antipsychotic
use by age and sex among commercially insured youths in the
United States. METHODS: Period prevalence study, January
through December 2001. METHODS: Administrative claims
database of a large pharmaceutical benefit manager for 6 213
824 outpatients. METHODS: Period prevalence of outpatient
prescription claims for atypical antipsychotic drugs among
commercially insured, continuously enrolled youths. RESULTS:
The prevalence of atypical antipsychotic use was 267.1 per
100 000 subjects aged 19 years and younger (16 599/6 213
824) and was more than twice as high for male patients as
for female patients, although male and female patients were
nearly equally represented in the overall population.
Prevalence peaked at 594.3 per 100 000 subjects among male
patients aged 10 to 14 years and 291.0 per 100 000 subjects
among female patients aged 15 to 19 years. Nearly one fourth
(3830/16 599) of patients with a claim for an atypical
antipsychotic were aged 9 years and younger, and nearly 80%
of these (3021/3830) were boys. CONCLUSIONS: Although
evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of atypical
antipsychotics in young children is limited, nearly one
fourth of patients with claims for these drugs were aged 9
years or younger, and a large majority of these were boys.
Understanding the long-term effects on the developing brain
of early and prolonged exposure to atypical antipsychotics
is crucial given their use in pediatric populations.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archpedi.159.4.362},
Key = {fds86287}
}
@article{fds86291,
Author = {X Luo and R Pietrobon and LH Curtis and LA Hey},
Title = {Prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and
muscle relaxants for back pain in the United
States.},
Journal = {Spine, United States},
Volume = {29},
Number = {23},
Pages = {E531-7},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1528-1159},
Keywords = {Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Back Pain Demography
Drug Utilization Review Female Health Care Surveys Humans
Male Middle Aged Neuromuscular Agents Prescriptions, Drug
drug therapy* statistics & numerical data* therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {STUDY DESIGN: Secondary analysis of the 2000 Medical
Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). OBJECTIVE.: To examine
national prescription patterns of nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants among
individuals with back pain in the United States. SUMMARY OF
BACKGROUND DATA: There is a lack of information on national
prescription patterns of NSAIDs and muscle relaxants among
individuals with back pain in the United States. METHODS:
Traditional NSAIDs, cyclooxygenase-2-specific (COX-2)
inhibitors, and muscle relaxants were investigated.
Individuals with back pain were stratified by
socio-demographic characteristics and geographic regions.
For each medication category, overall prescribing frequency
was compared across different strata and individual drug
prescription was analyzed. RESULTS: Traditional NSAIDs,
COX-2 inhibitors, and muscle relaxants, respectively,
accounted for 16.3%, 10%, and 18.5% of total prescriptions
for back pain in 2000. Among individual drugs, ibuprofen and
naproxen accounted for most of the prescriptions for
traditional NSAIDs (60%), whereas two thirds of the
prescriptions for muscle relaxants were attributable to
cyclobenzaprine, carisoprodol, and methocarbamol.
Prescription of COX-2 inhibitors or muscle relaxants
demonstrated wide variations across different regions.
Several individual characteristics including age, race, and
educational level were associated with the prescription of
some of the medications. CONCLUSIONS: Neither traditional
NSAIDs, nor COX-2 inhibitors, nor muscle relaxants dominated
prescriptions for back pain. However, a small number of
individual drugs were attributable to most of the
prescriptions for traditional NSAIDs or muscle relaxants.
The prescription of some of the medications demonstrated
wide variations across different regions or different racial
and educational groups. More studies are needed to
understand the source of the variations and what constitutes
optimal prescribing.},
Key = {fds86291}
}
@article{fds86286,
Author = {SM Kansagra and LH Curtis and KA Schulman},
Title = {Regionalization of percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty and implications for patient travel
distance.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association,
United States},
Volume = {292},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1717-23},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
Keywords = {Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Florida
Health Services Accessibility Hospital Planning Humans New
Jersey New York Regional Health Planning Retrospective
Studies Risk Adjustment Transportation Travel* United States
standards* statistics & numerical data utilization*},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Minimum procedure volume thresholds have been
proposed to improve outcomes among patients undergoing
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). How
regionalization policies would affect patient travel
distances is not known. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of
regionalization of PTCA on patient travel distances. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective cohort study of
discharge records, which were examined to determine hospital
and operator procedure volumes, of 97,401 patients
undergoing PTCA in New York, New Jersey, and Florida in
2001. Travel distances were measured at baseline and under 2
regionalization scenarios in which hospital-operator pairs
not meeting minimum volume standards stopped providing
services. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Observed and expected
patient travel distances, and risk-adjusted mortality.
RESULTS: With a minimum volume standard of 175 per operator
and 400 per hospital (class 1), 25% of patients had a
shorter travel distance, 10% had a longer travel distance,
and 65% experienced no change. Most patients with longer
travel distances under this standard would travel no more
than 25 miles farther, and most patients with shorter travel
distances would save no more than 10 miles. With a minimum
volume standard of 75 per operator and 400 per hospital
(class 2), 11% of patients had a shorter travel distance, 2%
had a longer travel distance, and 87% experienced no change.
Under both standards, less than 1% of patients would travel
more than 50 miles farther than their observed travel
distance. Risk-adjusted mortality was higher for
lower-volume hospital-operator pairs (1.2% for class 3 vs
0.9% for class 2 and 0.8% for class 1; P<.001 for both
comparisons). CONCLUSION: Regionalization of PTCA would not
increase travel distance for most patients; however,
potential costs of regionalization not related to travel
must be examined before such policies can be
recommended.},
Key = {fds86286}
}
@article{fds86288,
Author = {U Guller and N Jain and LH Curtis and D Oertli and M Heberer and R
Pietrobon},
Title = {Insurance status and race represent independent predictors
of undergoing laparoscopic surgery for appendicitis:
secondary data analysis of 145,546 patients.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Surgeons, United
States},
Volume = {199},
Number = {4},
Pages = {567-75; discussion 575-7},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1072-7515},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Appendectomy Appendicitis Continental Population
Groups* Female Health Services Accessibility* Humans
Insurance Coverage* Insurance, Health Laparoscopy Male
Socioeconomic Factors United States ethnology methods
statistics & numerical data* surgery*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that racial and socioeconomic
differences lead to inequality in access to health care. It
is unknown whether insurance status and race affect the
choice of surgical treatment for patients presenting with
appendicitis. STUDY DESIGN: Patients with primary ICD-9
procedure codes for laparoscopic and open appendectomy were
selected from the 1998, 1999, and 2000 Nationwide (US)
Inpatient Samples. The primary predictor variables were
insurance status (private, Medicare, Medicaid, other) and
race (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, other).
Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess
whether insurance status and race are associated with the
choice of surgical procedure for patients presenting with
appendicitis. RESULTS: Discharge abstracts of 145,546
patients were used for our analyses. There were 32,407
patients (22.3%) who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy and
113,139 patients (77.7%) who had open appendectomy. Although
24.2% of privately insured patients underwent laparoscopic
appendectomy, only 16.9% of Medicare patients, 17.4% of
Medicaid patients, and 19.6% of patients in the "other"
insurance category were treated using the laparoscopic
procedure (p < 0.001). Caucasian patients underwent
laparoscopic surgery in 24.8%, African Americans in 18.6%,
Hispanics in 19.6%, and other ethnicities in 18.8% of
patients (p < 0.001). Compared with the Medicaid subset, and
after adjusting for potential confounders such as age,
gender, race, patient comorbidity, median ZIP code income,
hospital location and teaching status, and presence of
abscess or perforation, privately insured patients (odds
ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% [CI [1.20, 1.33], p < 0.001) and
Medicare patients (OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.05, 1.30], p =
0.004) were significantly more likely to undergo
laparoscopic surgery. Caucasian patients (OR = 1.42, 95% CI
[1.33, 1.51], p < 0.001) and Hispanics (OR = 1.12, 95% CI
[1.04, 1.20], p = 0.002) were significantly more likely to
have laparoscopic appendectomy, compared with African
Americans, even after adjusting for the previously mentioned
confounders and insurance status. CONCLUSIONS: Even after
adjusting for potential confounders, insurance status and
race are marked independent predictors of having
laparoscopic surgery in patients treated for appendicitis in
this sample.},
Key = {fds86288}
}
@article{fds86285,
Author = {LH Curtis and T Østbye, V Sendersky and S Hutchison and PE Dans and A
Wright, RL Woosley and KA Schulman},
Title = {Inappropriate prescribing for elderly Americans in a large
outpatient population.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {164},
Number = {15},
Pages = {1621-5},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.164.15.1621},
Keywords = {Aged Ambulatory Care Cohort Studies Databases, Factual Drug
Therapy* Drug Utilization Review* Female Health Services
Misuse Humans Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services Male
Pharmaceutical Preparations Physician's Practice Patterns*
Retrospective Studies United States adverse effects
contraindications* utilization},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the extent of potentially
inappropriate outpatient prescribing for elderly patients,
as defined by the Beers revised list of drugs to be avoided
in elderly populations. METHODS: We conducted a
retrospective cohort study using the outpatient prescription
claims database of a large, national pharmaceutical benefit
manager. The cohort included 765,423 subjects 65 years or
older, who were covered by a pharmaceutical benefit manager
and filed 1 or more prescription drug claims during 1999.
Main outcome measures were the proportion of subjects who
filled a prescription for 1 or more drugs of concern and the
proportion of subjects who filled prescriptions for 2 or
more of the drugs. RESULTS: A total of 162,370 subjects
(21%) filled a prescription for 1 or more drugs of concern.
Amitriptyline and doxepin accounted for 23% of all claims
for Beers list drugs, and 51% of those claims were for drugs
with the potential for severe adverse effects. More than 15%
of subjects filled prescriptions for 2 drugs of concern, and
4% filled prescriptions for 3 or more of the drugs within
the same year. The most commonly prescribed classes were
psychotropic drugs and neuromuscular agents. CONCLUSIONS:
The common use of potentially inappropriate drugs should
serve as a reminder to monitor their use closely.
Pharmaceutical claims databases can be important tools for
accomplishing this task, though clinical and laboratory data
are needed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of
patient-specific alerts.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.164.15.1621},
Key = {fds86285}
}
@article{fds86275,
Author = {SV Rao and KA Schulman and LH Curtis and BJ Gersh and JG
Jollis},
Title = {Socioeconomic status and outcome following acute myocardial
infarction in elderly patients.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine, United States},
Volume = {164},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1128-33},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Cohort Studies Combined Modality
Therapy Female Geriatric Assessment Hospital Mortality
Humans Male Medicare* Myocardial Infarction Outcome
Assessment (Health Care)* Predictive Value of Tests
Probability Prognosis Risk Assessment Severity of Illness
Index Socioeconomic Factors Survival Rate Treatment Outcome
United States economics* mortality* therapy
trends},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although the Medicare entitlement provides
universal hospital care coverage for elderly Americans,
disparities in care processes after acute myocardial
infarction still exist. Whether these disparities account
for increased mortality among elderly poor patients is not
known. METHODS: To determine the association between
socioeconomic status and acute myocardial infarction
treatment, procedure use, and 30-day and 1-year mortality,
we analyzed data from 132 130 elderly Medicare beneficiaries
hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction between January
1994 and February 1996. Patients were categorized into 10
groups of increasing income using the median income of the
ZIP code of residence. RESULTS: The highest-income
beneficiaries received higher rates of evidence-based
medical therapy and had lower adjusted 30-day and 1-year
mortality rates compared with the middle-income
beneficiaries (30-day relative risk, 0.89 [95% confidence
interval, 0.85-0.94]; and 1-year relative risk, 0.92 [95%
confidence interval, 0.88-0.97]). Conversely, the
lowest-income beneficiaries received lower rates of
evidence-based medical treatment and had higher adjusted
30-day and 1-year mortality rates relative to the
middle-income beneficiaries (30-day relative risk, 1.09 [95%
confidence interval, 1.04-1.13]; and 1-year relative risk,
1.05 [95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.10]). Coronary
revascularization rates were similar among income groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the Medicare entitlement, there remain
significant socioeconomic disparities in medical treatment
and mortality among elderly patients following acute
myocardial infarction. Income was independently associated
with short- and long-term mortality. More research is
required to determine the mechanisms contributing to adverse
outcomes among poor elderly patients and to determine
whether expansion of Medicare coverage will alleviate these
disparities.},
Key = {fds86275}
}
@article{fds86276,
Author = {LH Curtis and AW Law and KJ Anstrom and KA Schulman},
Title = {The insurance effect on prescription drug expenditures among
the elderly: findings from the 1997 Medical Expenditure
Panel Survey.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {42},
Number = {5},
Pages = {439-46},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Analysis of Variance Chi-Square
Distribution Costs and Cost Analysis Drug Costs Drug
Prescriptions Female Health Expenditures Humans Insurance,
Pharmaceutical Services Linear Models Male Medicare United
States economics* statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite continuing debate over a prescription
drug benefit for the Medicare program, there has been
relatively little research estimating the potential cost of
providing such a benefit. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this
study was to estimate the effect of prescription drug
insurance on outpatient prescription drug expenditures among
the elderly. METHODS: We studied respondents aged > or =65
years to the 1997 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a
representative survey of the U.S. noninstitutionalized
population. Survey-weighted linear regression models were
used to estimate the probability of any expenditures and
total expenditures while controlling for sociodemographic
characteristics, chronic conditions, and health status.
METHODS: We used prescription drug insurance status and
outpatient prescription drug expenditures. RESULTS: An
estimated 34 million elderly people filled 630 million
prescriptions in 1997. Thirty-seven percent did not have
prescription drug insurance. Total prescription drug
expenditures exceeded $23 billion. Persons without
prescription drug insurance spent slightly less than $7
billion; those with insurance spent more than $16 billion.
After controlling for health status, comorbidity, and
demographic characteristics, prescription drug insurance
increased expenditures by $183 per person. The marginal
increase in total expenditures of extending the average
observed benefit to those currently uninsured is $2.3
billion (95% confidence interval, $1.2-3.5 billion).
CONCLUSIONS: Proposals for a Medicare drug benefit provide
high copayments to protect against insurance effects and to
address uncertainty in cost estimates of the proposed
benefit. By quantifying the insurance effect on expenditures
among the elderly, the data reported here could reduce
uncertainty in the budget estimation process.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds86276}
}
@article{fds86272,
Author = {FA Sloan and JG Trogdon and LH Curtis and KA Schulman},
Title = {The effect of dementia on outcomes and process of care for
Medicare beneficiaries admitted with acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, United
States},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-81},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
Keywords = {Empirical Approach Health Care and Public Health Mental
Health Therapies},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine differences in mortality after
admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in use
of noninvasive and invasive treatments for AMI between
patients with and without dementia. DESIGN: Retrospective
chart review. SETTING: Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.
PATIENTS: Medicare patients admitted for AMI (N=129,092) in
1994 and 1995. MEASUREMENTS: Dementia noted on medical chart
as history of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, chronic
confusion, or senility. Outcome measures included mortality
at 30 days and 1-year postadmission; use of aspirin,
beta-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor,
thrombolytic therapy, cardiac catheterization, coronary
angioplasty, and cardiac bypass surgery compared by dementia
status. RESULTS: Dementia was associated with higher
mortality at 30 days (relative risk (RR)=1.16, 95%
confidence interval (CI)=1.09-1.22) and at 1-year
postadmission (RR=1.18, 95% CI=1.13-1.23). There were few to
no differences in the use of aspirin and beta-blockers
between patients with and without a history of dementia.
Patients with a history of dementia were less likely to
receive ACE inhibitors during the stay (RR=0.89, 95%
CI=0.86-0.93) or at discharge (RR=0.90, 95% CI=0.86-0.95),
thrombolytic therapy (RR=0.82, 95% CI=0.74-0.90),
catheterization (RR=0.51, 95% CI=0.47-0.55), coronary
angioplasty (RR=0.58, 95% CI=0.51-0.66), and cardiac bypass
surgery (RR=0.41, 95% CI=0.33-0.50) than patients without a
history of dementia. CONCLUSION: The results imply that the
presence of dementia had a major effect on mortality and
care patterns for this condition.},
Key = {fds86272}
}
@article{fds86271,
Author = {FA Sloan and JG Trogdon and LH Curtis and KA Schulman},
Title = {Does the ownership of the admitting hospital make a
difference? Outcomes and process of care of Medicare
beneficiaries admitted with acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Medical care, United States},
Volume = {41},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1193-205},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
Keywords = {Aged Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures Diagnostic
Techniques, Cardiovascular Female Hospital Mortality
Hospitals, Private Humans Male Medicare Myocardial
Infarction Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care)
Ownership Patient Admission Socioeconomic Factors United
States diagnosis epidemiology mortality statistics &
numerical data statistics & numerical data*
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Concerns have been expressed about quality of
for-profit hospitals and their use of expensive
technologies. OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in
mortality after admission for acute myocardial infarction
(AMI) and in the use of low- and high-tech services for AMI
among for-profit, public, and private nonprofit hospitals.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Cooperative
Cardiovascular Project data for 129,092 Medicare patients
admitted for AMI from 1994 to 1995. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Mortality at 30 days and 1 year postadmission; use of
aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors,
beta-blockers at discharge, thrombolytic therapy,
catheterization, percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty (PTCA), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
compared by ownership. RESULTS: Mortality rates at 30 days
and at 1 year at for-profit hospitals were no different from
those at public and private nonprofit hospitals. Without
patient illness variables, nonprofit hospitals had lower
mortality rates at 30 days (relative risk [RR], 0.95; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.99) and at 1 year (RR,
0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.99) than did for-profit hospitals, but
there was no difference in mortality between public and
for-profit hospitals. Beneficiaries at nonprofit hospitals
were more likely to receive aspirin (RR, 1.04; 95% CI,
1.03-1.05) and ACE inhibitors (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08)
than at for-profit hospitals, but had lower rates of PTCA
(RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.96) and CABG (RR, 0.93; 95% CI,
0.86-1.00). CONCLUSIONS: Although outcomes did not vary by
ownership, for-profit hospitals were more likely to use
expensive, high-tech procedures. This pattern appears to be
the result of for-profit hospitals' propensity to locate in
areas with demand for high-tech care for
AMI.},
Key = {fds86271}
}
@article{fds86269,
Author = {LH Curtis and T Østbye, V Sendersky and S Hutchison and NM Allen
LaPointe and SM Al-Khatib and S Usdin Yasuda and PE Dans and A Wright and RM Califf and RL Woosley and KA Schulman},
Title = {Prescription of QT-prolonging drugs in a cohort of about 5
million outpatients.},
Journal = {The American journal of medicine},
Volume = {114},
Number = {2},
Pages = {135-41},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-9343},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Amitriptyline Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents Antidepressive Agents,
Second-Generation Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic
Clarithromycin Cohort Studies Drug Prescriptions Drug
Synergism Erythromycin Female Fluoxetine Heart Conduction
System Humans Male Middle Aged Ofloxacin Outpatients
Polypharmacy Torsades de Pointes United States adverse
effects chemically induced* drug effects* statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {Many drugs prolong the QT interval and increase the risk of
torsade de pointes. Concurrent use of two or more of these
drugs can further increase the risk, but the prevalence of
concurrent prescription of QT-prolonging drugs is not known.
Using the administrative claims database of a national
pharmaceutical benefit manager, we conducted a retrospective
cohort study in 4,825,345 subjects aged 18 years or older.
After identifying 50 drugs with QT-prolonging potential, and
an additional 26 drugs that inhibit the metabolic clearance
of QT-prolonging drugs, we measured the frequency of
overlapping prescriptions for two or more of these drugs in
the outpatient setting in 1999. Nearly 1.1 million subjects
(22.8%) filled 4.4 million prescriptions for QT-prolonging
drugs. Of these, 103,119 subjects (9.4%) filled overlapping
prescriptions for two or more of the drugs or for a
QT-prolonging drug and another drug that inhibits its
clearance; 7249 subjects (0.7%) filled overlapping
prescriptions for three or more of these drugs. Twenty-two
percent of subjects who filled overlapping prescriptions
were aged 65 or older; 74% were women. Antidepressants were
involved in nearly 50% of the cases. Concurrent prescription
of QT-prolonging drugs is common in the outpatient setting,
and antidepressants are involved in half of these cases.
Large pharmaceutical claims databases are useful for
detecting potentially harmful prescribing behaviors, but
better clinical evidence on medication safety is needed
before such a system can be implemented fully.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds86269}
}
@article{fds86274,
Author = {LD Castel and JW Timbie and V Sendersky and LH Curtis and KA Feather and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Toward estimating the impact of changes in immigrants'
insurance eligibility on hospital expenditures for
uncompensated care.},
Journal = {BMC health services research, England},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1472-6963},
Keywords = {Eligibility Determination Emigration and Immigration
Employment Health Care Surveys Hospital Costs Humans
Medicaid Medically Uninsured Poverty Social Welfare State
Health Plans Uncompensated Care United States economics
economics* legislation & jurisprudence legislation &
jurisprudence* statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data* trends},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 gave states the option
to withdraw Medicaid coverage of nonemergency care from most
legal immigrants. Our goal was to assess the effect of
PRWORA on hospital uncompensated care in the United States.
METHODS: We collected the following state-level data for the
period from 1994 through 1999: foreign-born, noncitizen
population and health uninsurance rates (US Census Current
Population Survey); percentage of teaching hospitals
(American Hospital Association Annual Survey of Hospitals);
and each state's decision whether to implement the PRWORA
Medicaid bar for legal permanent residents or to continue
offering nonemergency Medicaid coverage using state-only
funds (Urban Institute). We modeled uncompensated care
expenditures by state (also from the Annual Survey of
Hospitals) in both univariate and multivariable regression
analyses. RESULTS: When measured at the state level, there
was no significant relationship between uncompensated care
expenditures and states' percentage of noncitizen
immigrants. Uninsurance rates were the only significant
factor in predicting uncompensated hospital care
expenditures by state. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the number of
uninsured patients would most surely reduce hospital
expenditures for uncompensated care. However, data
limitations hampered our efforts to obtain a monetary
estimate of hospitals' financial losses due specifically to
the immigrant eligibility changes in PRWORA. Quantifying the
impact of these provisions on hospitals will require better
data sources.},
Key = {fds86274}
}
@article{fds86283,
Author = {SM Al-Khatib and NM LaPointe and LH Curtis and JM Kramer and J Swann and P
Honig, RM Califf},
Title = {Outpatient prescribing of antiarrhythmic drugs from 1995 to
2000.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology, United
States},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-4},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Ambulatory Care Anti-Arrhythmia Agents* Drug Utilization
Humans United States trends*},
Key = {fds86283}
}
@article{fds86277,
Author = {LH Curtis and CE Phelps and MP McDermott and HR Rubin},
Title = {The value of patient-reported health status in predicting
short-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1090-100},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.MLR.0000032190.73878.CA},
Keywords = {Cohort Studies Coronary Artery Bypass Female Health Status
Indicators Health Status* Hospital Mortality* Humans Length
of Stay* Male Middle Aged Myocardial Ischemia Outcome
Assessment (Health Care) Prospective Studies Risk Assessment
Self Disclosure Statistics as Topic adverse effects methods
mortality* surgery*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Risk stratification for comparison of outcomes
after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) typically
includes only clinical measures of risk. Patient-reported
health status may be an important independent predictor of
short-term health outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether
patient-reported health status, as measured by the Physical
and Mental Component Summary scores of the SF-36, predicts
in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay after
CABG, after controlling for other clinical predictors of
those outcomes. METHODS: Prospective cohort study conducted
from September 1993 to November 1995. METHODS: One thousand
seven hundred seventy-eight adults who underwent isolated
CABG for myocardial ischemia. METHODS: In-hospital mortality
and prolonged length of stay (> 14 days). RESULTS: There
were 27 deaths and 223 patients with prolonged length of
stay in the study sample. A 10-point decrease in the
Physical Component Summary (PCS) score increased the odds of
in-hospital mortality by 61% (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.04-2.49),
independent of established clinical risk factors. Similarly,
a 10-point decrease in the PCS score increased the odds of
prolonged length of stay by 33% (OR, 1.33; 95% CI,
1.13-1.57). A 10-point decrease in the Mental Component
Summary score (MCS) decreased the odds of mortality by 36%
(OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.95). CONCLUSIONS: The PCS score is
independently and significantly associated with in-hospital
mortality and prolonged length of stay, after controlling
for clinical risk factors. The MCS score is independently
and significantly associated only with mortality, though the
direction of the effect is unexpected. The result likely
reflects a property of the scoring of the MCS and not a
finding of clinical substance. Although caution must be
taken when interpreting the summary scores, the SF-36 yields
information not otherwise captured by clinical data and may
be useful in risk stratification for in-hospital mortality
and prolonged length of stay after CABG.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.MLR.0000032190.73878.CA},
Key = {fds86277}
}
@article{fds86284,
Author = {DM Seils and LD Castel and LH Curtis and KP Weinfurt},
Title = {Welfare reform and Latinas' use of perinatal health
care.},
Journal = {American journal of public health, United
States},
Volume = {92},
Number = {5},
Pages = {699-700; author reply 700},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
Keywords = {Eligibility Determination Employment Female Health Services
Research Hispanic Americans Humans Maternal Welfare Medicaid
Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Prenatal Care United States
economics ethnology* legislation & jurisprudence legislation
& jurisprudence* standards statistics & numerical data*
utilization*},
Key = {fds86284}
}
@article{fds86280,
Author = {CH Weaver and CD Buckner and LH Curtis and K Bajwa and KP Weinfurt and BJ
Wilson-Relyea, KA Schulman},
Title = {Economic evaluation of filgrastim, sargramostim, and
sequential sargramostim and filgrastim after
myelosuppressive chemotherapy.},
Journal = {Bone marrow transplantation, England},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-64},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0268-3369},
Keywords = {Adult Antineoplastic Agents Breast Neoplasms Costs and Cost
Analysis Drug Costs* Drug Therapy, Combination Female
Filgrastim Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating
Factors, Recombinant Health Care Costs Humans
Immunosuppressive Agents Lymphoma Male Middle Aged
Randomized Controlled Trials economics economics* statistics
& numerical data therapeutic use therapy},
Abstract = {Filgrastim alone and sequential sargramostim and filgrastim
have been shown to be more effective than sargramostim alone
in the mobilization of CD34(+) cells after myelosuppressive
chemotherapy (MC). We sought to compare costs and resource
use associated with these regimens. Data were collected
prospectively alongside a multicenter, randomized trial of
filgrastim, sargramostim, and sequential sargramostim and
filgrastim. Direct medical costs were calculated for
inpatient and outpatient visits and procedures, including
administration of growth factors and MC. We followed 156
patients for 30 days or until initiation of high-dose
chemotherapy. The main outcome measures were resource use
and costs of inpatient and outpatient visits, platelet and
red blood cell transfusions, antibiotic use, and apheresis
procedures. Hospital admissions, red blood cell
transfusions, and use of i.v. antibiotics were significantly
more common in the sargramostim group than in the other
treatment arms. In univariate and multivariable analyses,
total costs were higher for patients receiving sargramostim
alone than for patients in the other groups. Mean costs in
multivariable analysis for the filgrastim and sequential
sargramostim and filgrastim arms were not significantly
different. Filgrastim alone and sequential sargramostim and
filgrastim are less costly than sargramostim alone after MC,
as well as therapeutically more beneficial.},
Key = {fds86280}
}
@article{fds86282,
Author = {IS Nash and LH Curtis and H Rubin},
Title = {Predictors of patient-reported physical and mental health 6
months after percutaneous coronary revascularization.},
Journal = {American heart journal, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {138},
Number = {3 Pt 1},
Pages = {422-9},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
Keywords = {Aged Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary*
Female Follow-Up Studies Forecasting Health Status* Humans
Male Mental Health* Middle Aged Outcome Assessment (Health
Care)* Patient Satisfaction Prognosis Risk
Assessment},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is interest in measuring and comparing
outcomes of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
(PTCA) other than death, but there are no accepted methods
for adjusting these outcomes for preprocedure differences in
populations. We sought to identify independent predictors of
functional outcome after PTCA. METHODS AND RESULTS: We
developed multivariate risk adjustment models for the
6-month postprocedure physical and mental health summary
scores of the MOS SF-36. Complete data were available on
1182 patients undergoing PTCA at 12 institutions. The mean
physical component score (PCS) of the SF-36 rose from 36.6
before PTCA to 43. 4 at 6 months after PTCA (P <.0001).
Independent predictors of follow-up PCS were baseline PCS, a
composite index of comorbidities, prior coronary bypass
surgery, baseline MOS SF-36 mental component score (MCS),
age, and recent thrombolysis. The model had an adjusted R(2)
value of 0.357. The mean MCS rose from 48.5 before PTCA to
50.5 at 6 months after PTCA (P <.0001). Independent
predictors of postprocedure mental health were baseline MCS,
age, and heart failure. The predictive model for MCS had an
adjusted R(2) value of 0.235. CONCLUSIONS: Preprocedure
patient-reported functional status and select clinical
variables are significantly associated with physical
functioning and mental health 6 months after PTCA. The
predictive power of these models, however, is probably
insufficient to allow their use for comparisons among
institutions or providers.},
Key = {fds86282}
}
%% Daley, Brendan
@article{fds326622,
Author = {Daley, B and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Magical thinking: A representation result},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {909-956},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE2099},
Abstract = {Copyright © 2017 The Authors.This paper suggests a novel
way to import the approach of axiomatic theories of
individual choice into strategic settings and demonstrates
the benefits of this approach. We propose both a tractable
behavioral model as well as axioms applied to the behavior
of the collection of players, focusing first on prisoners'
dilemma games. A representation theorem establishes these
axioms as the precise behavioral content of the model, and
that the model's parameters are (essentially) uniquely
identified from behavior. The behavioral model features
magical thinking: players behave as if their expectations
about their opponents' behavior vary with their own choices.
The model provides a unified view of documented behavior in
a range of often studied games, such as the prisoners'
dilemma, the battle of the sexes, hawk–dove, and the stag
hunt, and also generates novel predictions across
games.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE2099},
Key = {fds326622}
}
@article{fds313228,
Author = {Daley, B and Green, B},
Title = {An Information-Based Theory of Time-Varying
Liquidity},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {71},
Number = {2},
Pages = {809-809},
Publisher = {Wiley: No OnlineOpen},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1540-6261},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/jofi.12272/abstract},
Key = {fds313228}
}
@article{fds320360,
Author = {Sadowski, P and Daley, B},
Title = {Supplement to a Strategic Model of Magical Thinking: Axioms
and Analysis},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {174},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We establish that in the Prisoners' Dilemma, the model of
Daley and Sadowski (2014) is logically distinct from three
models that employ well-known forms of other-regarding
preferences: altruism (Ledyard, 1995; Levine, 1998),
inequity aversion (Fehr and Schmidt, 1999), and reciprocity
(Rabin, 1993). The paper "A Strategic Model of Magical
Thinking: Axioms and Analysis" to which this supplement
applies is available at the following URL: <a
href="http://ssrn.com/abstract=2507377">http://ssrn.com/abstract=2507377</a>},
Key = {fds320360}
}
@article{fds320361,
Author = {Sadowski, P and Daley, B},
Title = {A Strategic Model of Magical Thinking: Axioms and
Analysis},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {173},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This paper seeks to make two contributions. First, we
propose and analyze a tractable model of strategic play in
which players behave as if their expectations about their
opponents' behavior vary with their own choices. We refer to
this nonstandard updating as magical thinking. The model
provides a unified view of documented behavior in a range of
often-studied games, such as the Prisoners' Dilemma, the
Battle of the Sexes, Hawk-Dove, and the Stag Hunt. Second,
we provide axioms applied to the behavior of the collection
of players in symmetric 2x2 games, and a representation
theorem that establishes these axioms to be the precise
behavioral content of the model. We thereby suggest a novel
way to import the axiomatic methodology of individual
decision theory to strategic settings and demonstrate the
benefits of this approach. In the model, the degree to which
players exhibit magical thinking is heterogeneous in the
population and is captured by players' types. All players
perceive types to be i.i.d. draws from a common
distribution. We show that the model's parameters, namely
these individual types and the commonly perceived
distribution, can be (essentially) identified from behavior
in games, allowing for tractable comparative statics.
Finally, the model generates novel predictions across games.
For example, the ability of a collection of players to
coordinate on Pareto superior Nash equilibria in
coordination games is positively correlated with their
degree of cooperation in Prisoners' Dilemma games. The
supplement for this paper are available at the following
URL: <a href="http://ssrn.com/abstract=2507394">http://ssrn.com/abstract=2507394</a>},
Key = {fds320361}
}
@article{fds320362,
Author = {Daley, B and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Supplement to: 'Foundations for Cooperation in the
Prisoners’ Dilemma'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {155},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We establish that in the Prisoners’ Dilemma, the model of
Daley and Sadowski (2014) is logically distinct from three
models that employ well-known forms of other regarding
preferences: altruism (Ledyard, 1995; Levine, 1998),
inequity aversion (Fehr and Schmidt, 1999), and reciprocity
(Rabin, 1993). The paper "Foundations for Cooperation in the
Prisoners’ Dilemma" to which this Supplement applies is
available at the following URL: <a href="http://ssrn.com/abstract=2331579">http://ssrn.com/abstract=2331579</a>},
Key = {fds320362}
}
@article{fds320110,
Author = {Daley, B and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Foundations for Cooperation in the Prisoners’
Dilemma},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {154},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We provide axiomatic foundations for a simple model of play
in prisoners' dilemma games. The model accommodates
cooperation and suggests that players behave as if their
expectations about their opponents' behavior vary with their
own choice. We refer to this nonstandard updating as magical
thinking. The degree to which players exhibit magical
thinking may be heterogeneous in the population and is
captured by a uniquely identifi ed parameter for each
player. Further, it is as if all players perceive these
parameters to be i.i.d. draws from a common distribution.
The model's identi fication allows for tractable comparative
statics. We investigate how our theory extends to all
symmetric 2x2 games. The Supplement for this paper are
available at the following URL: <a href="http://ssrn.com/abstract=2331585">http://ssrn.com/abstract=2331585</a>},
Key = {fds320110}
}
@article{fds291580,
Author = {Daley, B and Green, B},
Title = {Market signaling with grades},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {151},
Number = {1},
Pages = {114-145},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2013.10.009},
Abstract = {We consider a signaling model in which receivers observe
both the sender's costly signal as well as a stochastic
grade that is correlated with the sender's type. In
equilibrium, the sender resolves the trade-off between using
the costly signal versus relying on the noisy grade to
distinguish himself. We derive a necessary and sufficient
condition-loosely, that the grade is sufficiently
informative relative to the dispersion of (marginal)
signaling costs across types-under which the presence of
grades substantively alters the equilibrium predictions.
Specifically, separating equilibria do not survive
stability-based refinements. Instead, the prediction depends
on the prior distribution over the sender's type. For
example, with two types it involves full pooling when the
distribution places sufficient weight on the high type and
partial pooling otherwise. Finally, the equilibrium
converges to the complete-information outcome as the
distribution tends to a degenerate one-resolving a
long-standing paradox within the signaling literature. ©
2013 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2013.10.009},
Key = {fds291580}
}
@article{fds291581,
Author = {B Daley and B Green},
Title = {Market signaling with grades},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
Key = {fds291581}
}
@article{fds291582,
Author = {Daley, B and Schwarz, M and Sonin, K},
Title = {Efficient investment in a dynamic auction
environment},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-119},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2011.11.006},
Abstract = {We analyze an environment in which bidders' private values
change over time due to both private investments and
exogenous shocks. We demonstrate that a highly-decentralized
mechanism achieves efficiency. The mechanism requires a
stage of costly public announcements (i.e., signaling) to
induce efficient investment. For this reason, an equilibrium
selection issue arises, but can be handled by a minor
modification in the spirit of virtual implementation. ©
2011 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2011.11.006},
Key = {fds291582}
}
@article{fds291584,
Author = {Daley, B and Green, B},
Title = {Waiting for News in the Market for Lemons},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {80},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1433-1504},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA9278},
Abstract = {We study a dynamic setting in which stochastic information
(news) about the value of a privately informed seller's
asset is gradually revealed to a market of buyers. We
construct an equilibrium that involves periods of no trade
or market failure. The no-trade period ends in one of two
ways: either enough good news arrives, restoring confidence
and markets reopen, or bad news arrives, making buyers more
pessimistic and forcing capitulation that is, a partial
sell-off of low-value assets. Conditions under which the
equilibrium is unique are provided. We analyze welfare and
efficiency as they depend on the quality of the news. Higher
quality news can lead to more inefficient outcomes. Our
model encompasses settings with or without a standard static
adverse selection problem-in a dynamic setting with
sufficiently informative news, reservation values arise
endogenously from the option to sell in the future and the
two environments have the same equilibrium structure. ©
2012 The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA9278},
Key = {fds291584}
}
@article{fds291583,
Author = {Daley, B and Snowberg, E},
Title = {Even if it is not bribery: The case for campaign finance
reform},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics and Organization},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {324-349},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {8756-6222},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewp012},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic multidimensional signaling model of
campaign finance in which candidates can signal their
ability by enacting policy and/or by raising and spending
campaign funds, both of which are costly. Our model departs
from the existing literature in that candidates do not
exchange policy influence for campaign contributions;
rather, they must decide how to allocate their efforts
between policymaking and fundraising. If high-ability
candidates are better policymakers and better fundraisers,
then they will raise and spend campaign funds even if voters
care only about legislation. Campaign finance reform
alleviates this phenomenon and improves voter welfare at the
expense of politicians. Thus, we expect successful
politicians to oppose true campaign finance reform. We also
show that our model is consistent with findings in the
empirical and theoretical campaign finance literature. ©
2009 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on
behalf of Yale University. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jleo/ewp012},
Key = {fds291583}
}
%% Darity, William A.
@article{fds376701,
Author = {Albright, TD and Darity, WA and Dunn, D and Ghani, R and Hayes-Greene,
D and Hernández, TK and Heron, S},
Title = {Beyond Implicit Bias},
Journal = {Daedalus},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {276-283},
Year = {2024},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_02060},
Doi = {10.1162/daed_a_02060},
Key = {fds376701}
}
@article{fds372646,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Reconsidering the economics of identity: Position, power,
and property},
Journal = {Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-12},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13394},
Abstract = {The origin of inequality between social identity groups is
anchored in acts of violent dispossession of freedom and
property by the group seeking the advantages of dominance.
The beginning of contemporary disparities in income and
especially wealth between Black and White Americans follow
the same pattern. Of particular significance is the
racialized character of U.S. land distribution policies in
the aftermath of the Civil War.},
Doi = {10.1002/aepp.13394},
Key = {fds372646}
}
@article{fds374534,
Author = {Lefebvre, S and Aja, A and López, N and Darity, W and Hamilton,
D},
Title = {Toward a Latinx Stratification Economics},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-78},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00346446231212713},
Abstract = {This paper describes Latinx stratification economics (LSE)
as a scholarly approach to studying the economic status of
Latinas/os/es/xs primarily in the United States. We coin the
term LSE to refer to work that draws on and is in
conversation with both the emergent, interdisciplinary
subfield of stratification economics (SE) and the
interdisciplinary field of Latinx studies (LS). SE and LS
have distinct intellectual traditions and drawing on both
leads to strong theoretical and empirical scholarship on
Latinxs, on the operation of race across space and
historical time, and on the intersection of race with other
systems of domination. We discuss how, based on these
perspectives, it is misguided to expect racial/ethnic
categories like Hispanic to be consistent over time and
space and to correspond reliably with phenotypical
characteristics or culture. We argue that a good faith
reading of the LS literature would result in the
recommendation to subordinate models of migration to models
of colonialism and imperialism. We discuss the significance
of normative goals and social justice to complement “gap
analysis” comparisons to non-Hispanic whites. Lastly, we
discuss deficiencies of the dominant models of
discrimination and, as an alternative, we highlight rational
models of racism that involve strategic identifications with
whiteness, blackness, and mestizaje, including by members
who identify as Latinx or those with Hispanic
ancestry.},
Doi = {10.1177/00346446231212713},
Key = {fds374534}
}
@article{fds370580,
Author = {Krzyzanowski, MC and Ives, CL and Jones, NL and Entwisle, B and Fernandez, A and Cullen, TA and Darity, WA and Fossett, M and Remington,
PL and Taualii, M and Wilkins, CH and Pérez-Stable, EJ and Rajapakse,
N and Breen, N and Zhang, X and Maiese, DR and Hendershot, TP and Mandal,
M and Hwang, SY and Huggins, W and Gridley, L and Riley, A and Ramos, EM and Hamilton, CM},
Title = {The PhenX Toolkit: Measurement Protocols for Assessment of
Social Determinants of Health.},
Journal = {American journal of preventive medicine},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {534-542},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2023.03.003},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4>Social determinants are structures and
conditions in the biological, physical, built, and social
environments that affect health, social and physical
functioning, health risk, quality of life, and health
outcomes. The adoption of recommended, standard measurement
protocols for social determinants of health will advance the
science of minority health and health disparities research
and provide standard social determinants of health protocols
for inclusion in all studies with human participants.<h4>Methods</h4>A
PhenX (consensus measures for Phenotypes and eXposures)
Working Group of social determinants of health experts was
convened from October 2018 to May 2020 and followed a
well-established consensus process to identify and recommend
social determinants of health measurement protocols. The
PhenX Toolkit contains data collection protocols suitable
for inclusion in a wide range of research studies. The
recommended social determinants of health protocols were
shared with the broader scientific community to invite
review and feedback before being added to the
Toolkit.<h4>Results</h4>Nineteen social determinants of
health protocols were released in the PhenX Toolkit
(https://www.phenxtoolkit.org) in May 2020 to provide
measures at the individual and structural levels for built
and natural environments, structural racism, economic
resources, employment status, occupational health and
safety, education, environmental exposures, food
environment, health and health care, and sociocultural
community context.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Promoting the adoption
of well-established social determinants of health protocols
can enable consistent data collection and facilitate
comparing and combining studies, with the potential to
increase their scientific impact.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2023.03.003},
Key = {fds370580}
}
@book{fds370582,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mullen, AK and Hubbard, L},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {1-7},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Key = {fds370582}
}
@book{fds370583,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mullen, AK and Hubbard, L},
Title = {The Black Reparations Project: A Handbook for Racial
Justice},
Pages = {1-258},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Abstract = {This groundbreaking resource moves us from theory to action
with a practical plan for reparations. A surge in interest
in black reparations is taking place in America on a scale
not seen since the Reconstruction Era. The Black Reparations
Project gathers an accomplished interdisciplinary team of
scholars—members of the Reparations Planning
Committee—who have considered the issues pertinent to
making reparations happen. This book will be an essential
resource in the national conversation going forward. The
first section of The Black Reparations Project crystallizes
the rationale for reparations, cataloguing centuries of
racial repression, discrimination, violence, mass
incarceration, and the immense black-white wealth gap.
Drawing on the contributors’ expertise in economics,
history, law, public policy, public health, and education,
the second section unfurls direct guidance for building and
implementing a reparations program, including draft
legislation that addresses how the program should be
financed and how claimants can be identified and
compensated. Rigorous and comprehensive, The Black
Reparations Project will motivate, guide, and speed the
final leg of the journey for justice.},
Key = {fds370583}
}
@article{fds373883,
Author = {Darity, WA and García, RE and Russell, L and Zumaeta,
JN},
Title = {Racial Disparities in Family Income, Assets, and
Liabilities: A Century After the 1921 Tulsa
Massacre},
Journal = {Journal of Family and Economic Issues},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10834-023-09938-4},
Abstract = {This paper examines the financial health of racial-ethnic
groups in Tulsa, Oklahoma, nearly a century after the 1921
Tulsa Massacre. We use data from the Tulsa National Asset
Scorecard for Communities of Color (NASCC) survey to assess
the financial health of two demographic groups that were
historically the victims of racial violence - Native
Americans and Black Americans. Specifically, we investigate
financial outcomes a century after these groups made
significant economic gains during the Tulsa oil boom in the
early 1900 s and were subsequently victimized by racial
violence. We find that Black households have statistically
significantly less wealth and income than Whites in Tulsa.
Our decomposition analysis shows household demographic
differences between Blacks and Whites largely do not explain
these wealth and income gaps, suggestive of historical
discrimination. While in the case of the Native American
tribes and Whites, the findings generally show no
statistical significance. Compared to other NASCC-surveyed
cities that did not experience destruction to the level of
the Tulsa Massacre, the Black-White wealth and income gaps
and the unexplained portion of the decompositions are the
largest in Tulsa. Our results provisionally suggest that
past exposure to racial violence can have long-term effects
on the economic outcomes of the affected groups decades
later.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10834-023-09938-4},
Key = {fds373883}
}
@misc{fds370585,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mullen, AK and Hubbard, L},
Title = {Where Does Black Reparations in America Stand?},
Pages = {11-21},
Booktitle = {The Black Reparations Project: A Handbook for Racial
Justice},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Key = {fds370585}
}
@misc{fds370586,
Author = {Mullen, AK and Darity, WA},
Title = {Learning from Past Experiences with Reparations},
Pages = {111-137},
Booktitle = {The Black Reparations Project: A Handbook for Racial
Justice},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Key = {fds370586}
}
@misc{fds370584,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mullen, AK},
Title = {On the Black Reparations Highway: Avoiding the
Detours},
Pages = {200-212},
Booktitle = {The Black Reparations Project: A Handbook for Racial
Justice},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Key = {fds370584}
}
@misc{fds370581,
Author = {Craemer, T and Smith, T and Harrison, B and Logan, TD and Bellamy, W and Darity, WA},
Title = {Wealth Implications of Slavery and Racial Discrimination for
African American Descendants of the Enslaved},
Pages = {22-62},
Booktitle = {The Black Reparations Project: A Handbook for Racial
Justice},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520383814},
Key = {fds370581}
}
@misc{fds368486,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Profitability of the British trade in slaves once
again},
Pages = {152-161},
Booktitle = {The Atlantic Slave Trade: Volume III Eighteenth
Century},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781032423678},
Key = {fds368486}
}
@article{fds367849,
Author = {Himmelstein, KEW and Lawrence, JA and Jahn, JL and Ceasar, JN and Morse,
M and Bassett, MT and Wispelwey, BP and Darity, WA and Venkataramani,
AS},
Title = {Association Between Racial Wealth Inequities and Racial
Disparities in Longevity Among US Adults and Role of
Reparations Payments, 1992 to 2018.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e2240519},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.40519},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>In the US, Black individuals die younger
than White individuals and have less household wealth, a
legacy of slavery, ongoing discrimination, and
discriminatory public policies. The role of wealth
inequality in mediating racial health inequities is
unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the contribution of
wealth inequities to the longevity gap that exists between
Black and White individuals in the US and to model the
potential effects of reparations payments on this
gap.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This cohort
study analyzed the association between wealth and survival
among participants in the Health and Retirement Study, a
nationally representative panel study of community-dwelling
noninstitutionalized US adults 50 years or older that
assessed data collected from April 1992 to July 2019.
Participants included 7339 non-Hispanic Black (hereinafter
Black) and 26 162 non-Hispanic White (hereinafter White)
respondents. Data were analyzed from January 1 to September
17, 2022.<h4>Exposures</h4>Household wealth, the sum of all
assets (including real estate, vehicles, and investments),
minus the value of debts.<h4>Main outcomes and
measures</h4>The primary outcome was all-cause mortality by
the end of survey follow-up in 2018. Using parametric
survival models, the associations among household wealth,
race, and survival were evaluated, adjusting for age, sex,
number of household members, and marital status. Additional
models controlled for educational level and income. The
survival effects of eliminating the current mean wealth gap
with reparations payments ($828 055 per household) were
simulated.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 33 501 individuals in the
sample, a weighted 50.1% were women, and weighted mean (SD)
age at study entry was 59.3 (11.1) years. Black
participants' median life expectancy was 77.5 (95% CI,
77.0-78.2) years, 4 years shorter than the median life
expectancy for White participants (81.5 [95% CI, 81.2-81.8]
years). Adjusting for demographic variables, Black
participants had a hazard ratio for death of 1.26 (95% CI,
1.18-1.34) compared with White participants. After adjusting
for differences in wealth, survival did not differ
significantly by race (hazard ratio, 1.00 [95% CI,
0.92-1.08]). In simulations, reparations to close the mean
racial wealth gap were associated with reductions in the
longevity gap by 65.0% to 102.5%.<h4>Conclusions and
relevance</h4>The findings of this cohort study suggest that
differences in wealth are associated with the longevity gap
that exists between Black and White individuals in the US.
Reparations payments to eliminate the racial wealth gap
might substantially narrow racial inequities in
mortality.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.40519},
Key = {fds367849}
}
@article{fds369665,
Author = {Robbins, PA and Bentley-Edwards, KL and Blackman Carr and LT and Conde,
E and Van Vliet and R and Darity, WA},
Title = {Shades of Black: Gendered Denominational Variation in
Depression Symptoms Among Black Christians.},
Journal = {Psycholog Relig Spiritual},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {425-435},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rel0000398},
Abstract = {Religion and spirituality (R/S) play a central role in
shaping the contextual experiences of many Black people in
the United States. Blacks are among the most religiously
engaged groups in the country. Levels and types of religious
engagement, however, can vary by subcategories such as
gender or denominational affiliation. Although R/S
involvement has been linked to improved mental health
outcomes for Black people in general, it is unclear whether
these benefits extend to all Black people who claim R/S
affiliation irrespective of denomination and gender. Data
from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) sought to
determine whether there are differences in the odds of
reporting elevated depressive symptomology among African
American and Black Caribbean Christian adults across
denominational affiliation and gender. Initial logistic
regression analysis found similar odds of elevated
depressive symptoms across gender and denominational
affiliation, but further analysis revealed the presence of a
denomination by gender interaction. Specifically, there was
a significantly larger gender gap in the odds of reporting
elevated depression symptoms for Methodists than for
Baptists and Catholics. In addition, Presbyterian women had
lower odds of reporting elevated symptoms than Methodist
women. This study's findings highlight the importance of
examining denominational disparities among Black Christians,
and suggest that denomination and gender may work in tandem
to shape the R/S experiences and mental health outcomes of
Black people in the United States.},
Doi = {10.1037/rel0000398},
Key = {fds369665}
}
@article{fds363870,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Position and Possessions: Stratification Economics and
Intergroup Inequality},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {400-426},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20211690},
Abstract = {This article provides an overview of the origins and
development of stratification economics as a subfield that
centers the importance of identity, social ranking, and
relative group position. Stratification economics developed
in response to explanations for interracial/ethnic/gender
inequality that invoked group-based dysfunction on the part
of the subordinate community. Influences, detailed here,
include the works of W. E. B. DuBois, Thorstein Veblen, Karl
Marx, Eric Williams, Herbert Blumer, Claude Steele, Cecilia
Ridgeway, Thomas Pettigrew, and Linda Tropp. The article
concludes with an exploration of unique insights and
extensions stratification economics affords a variety of
themes: the impact of multiple identities, the determinants
of individual productivity, variation in intensity of group
identification, "passing," sources of intergroup differences
in wealth, and social mobility and immigration.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20211690},
Key = {fds363870}
}
@article{fds361323,
Author = {Darity, WA and Hamilton, D and Myers, SL and Price, GN and Xu,
M},
Title = {Racial Differences in Time at Work Not Working},
Journal = {ILR Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {552-572},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00197939211063863},
Abstract = {Racial differences in effort at work, if they exist, can
potentially explain race-based wage/earnings disparities in
the labor market. The authors estimate specifications of
time spent on non-work activities at work by Black and White
males and females with data from the American Time Use
Survey. Estimates reveal that trivially small differences
occur between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White
males in time spent not working while on the job that
disappear entirely when correcting for non-response errors.
The findings imply that Black–White male differences in
the fraction of the workday spent not working are either not
large enough to partially explain the Black–White wage
gap, or simply do not exist at all.},
Doi = {10.1177/00197939211063863},
Key = {fds361323}
}
@article{fds363752,
Author = {Darity, W and Mullen, AK and Slaughter, M},
Title = {The Cumulative Costs of Racism and the Bill for Black
Reparations},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {99-122},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.36.2.99},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.36.2.99},
Key = {fds363752}
}
@article{fds362070,
Author = {Alston, M and Darity, WA and Eckel, CC and McNeil, L and Sharpe,
R},
Title = {The effect of stereotypes on black college test scores at a
historically black university},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {194},
Pages = {408-424},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2021.12.005},
Abstract = {We conducted lab experiments at a historically black
university (HBCU), replicating the design and procedure, but
not the results, of previous stereotype threat studies. The
experimental design has two factors: stereotype salience
(priming) and the identity of the experimenter (a
less-threatening black woman vs. a more-threatening white
man). Unlike previous studies, we found no effect of
stereotype threat on student performance. We find little
evidence that black students at the HBCU are affected by
stereotype threat, regardless of the identity of the
experimenter. We found no significant difference in the
number of questions answered correctly by subjects in the
control and treatment conditions in either the white male or
the black female experimenter sessions. Finally, we found
little evidence to support our prediction that subjects
would respond differently to the identity of the
experimenter. Having a black female experimenter, as opposed
to a white male experimenter, had no effect on the number of
questions answered correctly.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2021.12.005},
Key = {fds362070}
}
@article{fds362904,
Author = {Paul, M and Gaither, SE and Darity, W},
Title = {About Face: Seeing Class and Race},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Issues},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-17},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2022.2008750},
Abstract = {People’s social class, and the perceptions of their social
class are embedded in an institutional context that has
important ramifications for one’s life opportunities and
outcomes. Research on first impressions has found that
people are relatively accurate at judging a variety of
traits such as perceived sexual orientation and income, but
there is a paucity of research that investigates whether
people are also accurate at judging wealth or class. In this
article, we first investigate whether people understand the
distinction between income and wealth. Then, using a novel
dataset, we examine whether people are accurate at
identifying the income and wealth levels of individuals
across racial and ethnic groups by facial cues alone. We
find that participants understand the meaning of income, but
not wealth. Additionally, we find that perceivers categorize
class more accurately than by sheer chance, using minimal
facial cues, but perceivers are particularly inaccurate when
categorizing high-income and high-wealth Black and Latinx
subjects.},
Doi = {10.1080/00213624.2022.2008750},
Key = {fds362904}
}
@article{fds362905,
Author = {Paul, M and Zaw, K and Darity, W},
Title = {Returns in the Labor Market: A Nuanced View of Penalties at
the Intersection of Race and Gender in the
US},
Journal = {Feminist Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-31},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2022.2042472},
Abstract = {There have been decades of research on wage gaps for groups
based on their socially salient identities, such as race and
gender, but little empirical investigation on the effects of
holding multiple identities. Using the Current Population
Survey, this study provides new evidence on
intersectionality and the wage gap in the US. This article
makes two important contributions. First, there is no single
“gender” or “race” wage penalty. Second, the
evidence suggests that holding multiple identities cannot
readily be disaggregated in an additive fashion. Instead, in
a comparison of Black and White workers across gender, this
study documents that the penalties associated with the
combination of two or more socially marginalized identities
interact in multiplicative or quantitatively nuanced ways.
Further, the findings demonstrate that the presence of an
additional intersectional penalty for Black women persists
across time. HIGHLIGHTS When it comes to earnings, Black
women face distinctive penalties for holding their race and
gender identities simultaneously. The intersectional wage
gap persists across time and during both tight and slack
labor markets. The unexplained portion of the wage gap has
contracted from 1980–2017; however, it remains large and
significant. Intersectional analysis provides a useful
framework to disentangle nuances in the labor
market.},
Doi = {10.1080/13545701.2022.2042472},
Key = {fds362905}
}
@article{fds365810,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Alternatives to the scarcity principle},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Volume = {53},
Number = {4},
Pages = {340-347},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220485.2022.2111387},
Abstract = {Dominion of the scarcity principle as the basis for economic
analysis is virtually absolute in teaching the introductory
course in economics. This supremacy is neither valid nor
desirable. Two compelling alternative foundational concepts
for economics are uncertainty and inequality. These
alternatives lead to vastly different implications for the
development of economic analysis than scarcity and vastly
different implications for the teaching of
economics.},
Doi = {10.1080/00220485.2022.2111387},
Key = {fds365810}
}
@article{fds352748,
Author = {Robbins, PA and Scott, MJ and Conde, E and Daniel, Y and Darity, WA and Bentley-Edwards, KL},
Title = {Denominational and Gender Differences in Hypertension Among
African American Christian Young Adults.},
Journal = {J Racial Ethn Health Disparities},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1332-1343},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40615-020-00895-4},
Abstract = {Hypertension, a major cardiovascular disease risk factor, is
disproportionately prevalent among African American young
adults. Religion and spirituality (R/S) have been studied
for their potential effect on blood pressure (BP) outcomes.
Despite their disproportionate hypertension risk and high
levels of R/S engagement, limited research explores BP
differences among religious African Americans. This study
investigates whether denominational affiliation predicts
within-group differences in odds of having hypertension
among African American Christian young adults. Data from
Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to
Adult Health (Add Health) were used to examine hypertension
differences between 1932 African American young adults based
on self-reported religious denomination. Gender-separated
logistic regressions included religious service attendance
and coping measures, as well as personal characteristics and
health behaviors to adjust for potential effects on BP. The
odds of having hypertension were higher for Pentecostal
women compared to Baptist and Catholic women. Hypertension
odds for women who reported attending services more than
once weekly were lower than those who never attended church.
For women, frequent use of religious coping predicted higher
odds of having hypertension than seldom or never using
religious coping. R/S variables did not predict significant
differences among men. The health benefits of R/S do not
appear to be consistent within African American Christian
young adults. Religion may be viewed as a source of BP risk
and resilience, especially among African American young
women.},
Doi = {10.1007/s40615-020-00895-4},
Key = {fds352748}
}
@article{fds353233,
Author = {Robbins, PA and Scott, MJ and Conde, E and Daniel, Y and Darity, WA and Bentley-Edwards, KL},
Title = {Correction to: Denominational and Gender Differences in
Hypertension Among African American Christian Young
Adults.},
Journal = {J Racial Ethn Health Disparities},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1344},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40615-020-00919-z},
Abstract = {Readers should note that the "95% CI" column of
estimates for Model 1 was erroneously included under the
Model 2 heading in Table 2 in this article as originally
published.},
Doi = {10.1007/s40615-020-00919-z},
Key = {fds353233}
}
@article{fds356393,
Author = {Bentley-Edwards, KL and Robbins, PA and Blackman Carr and LT and Smith,
IZ and Conde, E and Darity, WA},
Title = {Denominational Differences in Obesity Among Black Christian
Adults: Why Gender and Life Stage Matter},
Journal = {Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {498-515},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12722},
Abstract = {Religiosity is a potential social determinant of obesity
risk among black Americans, a group that tends to be highly
religious and disproportionately suffers from this disease.
Although religious engagement differs within this group,
researchers often classify black Protestants into broad
categories, making it challenging to determine which
subgroups experience the worst outcomes. Using data from the
National Survey of American Life, this study investigated
whether black adults from various Christian denominations
had comparable odds of having obesity and if these findings
were consistent across life stage (i.e., young, middle, and
late adulthood). Results suggest that for middle-aged
Pentecostal women, and men and women who attend church most
frequently, the odds of having obesity were comparably
higher than their respective counterparts. These findings
indicate that, even when denominational consolidation is
appropriate in other religious research contexts,
researchers should consider diaggregating black Christians
by denomination when examining the relationship between
religion and health.},
Doi = {10.1111/jssr.12722},
Key = {fds356393}
}
@article{fds349878,
Author = {Darity, W and Addo, FR and Smith, IZ},
Title = {A subaltern middle class: The case of the missing “Black
bourgeoisie” in America},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {494-502},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/coep.12476},
Abstract = {A convention, particularly in economics and sociology, for
empirical identification of the “middle class” has been
to mark off a segment of the population above a lower bound
with respect to income, occupational status, and/or
educational attainment. Instead, we argue here that wealth
constitutes a superior standard for demarcation of the
middle class. Wealth is an especially useful standard for
identification of the middle class from subaltern
communities, communities that have a generally marginalized
status. We illustrate the value of the wealth criteria by
examining the specific case of America's Black middle class.
This alternative approach enables us to demonstrate that the
Black middle class is proportionately much smaller than the
White middle class and to demonstrate the limitations of
several proposals recently advanced to close the racial
wealth gap.},
Doi = {10.1111/coep.12476},
Key = {fds349878}
}
@article{fds359077,
Author = {Addo, FR and Darity, WA},
Title = {Disparate Recoveries: Wealth, Race, and the Working Class
after the Great Recession},
Journal = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {695},
Number = {1},
Pages = {173-192},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027162211028822},
Abstract = {What does it mean to be working class in a society of
extreme racial wealth inequality? Using data from the Survey
of Consumer Finances, we investigate the wealth holdings of
Black, Latinx, and white working-class households during the
post–Great Recession (pre–COVID-19) period that spanned
2010 to 2019. We then explore the relationship between
working-class and middle-class attainment using a
wealth-based metric. We find that, in terms of their net
worth, fewer Black working-class households benefitted from
the economic recovery than white working-class households.
Among white households, the working class saw the greatest
increase in wealth in both absolute and relative terms.
Working-class households were less likely to be middle class
as defined by their wealth holdings, and Black and Latinx
households were also less likely to be middle class. For
Black households, racial identity is a stronger predictor of
wealth attainment than occupational sector.},
Doi = {10.1177/00027162211028822},
Key = {fds359077}
}
@article{fds355590,
Author = {Richardson, ET and Malik, MM and Darity, WA and Mullen, AK and Morse,
ME and Malik, M and Maybank, A and Bassett, MT and Farmer, PE and Worden,
L and Jones, JH},
Title = {Reparations for Black American descendants of persons
enslaved in the U.S. and their potential impact on
SARS-CoV-2 transmission.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {276},
Pages = {113741},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113741},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>In the United States, Black Americans are
suffering from a significantly disproportionate incidence of
COVID-19. Going beyond mere epidemiological tallying, the
potential for racial-justice interventions, including
reparations payments, to ameliorate these disparities has
not been adequately explored.<h4>Methods</h4>We compared the
COVID-19 time-varying R<sub>t</sub> curves of relatively
disparate polities in terms of social equity (South Korea
vs. Louisiana). Next, we considered a range of reproductive
ratios to back-calculate the transmission rates
β<sub>i→j</sub> for 4 cells of the simplified
next-generation matrix (from which R<sub>0</sub> is
calculated for structured models) for the outbreak in
Louisiana. Lastly, we considered the potential structural
effects monetary payments as reparations for Black American
descendants of persons enslaved in the U.S. would have had
on pre-intervention β<sub>i→j</sub> and consequently
R<sub>0</sub>.<h4>Results</h4>Once their respective
epidemics begin to propagate, Louisiana displays
R<sub>t</sub> values with an absolute difference of 1.3-2.5
compared to South Korea. It also takes Louisiana more than
twice as long to bring R<sub>t</sub> below 1. Reasoning
through the consequences of increased equity via matrix
transmission models, we demonstrate how the benefits of a
successful reparations program (reflected in the ratio
β<sub>b→b</sub>/β<sub>w→w</sub>) could reduce
R<sub>0</sub> by 31-68%.<h4>Discussion</h4>While there are
compelling moral and historical arguments for
racial-injustice interventions such as reparations, our
study considers potential health benefits in the form of
reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk. A restitutive program
targeted towards Black individuals would not only decrease
COVID-19 risk for recipients of the wealth redistribution;
the mitigating effects would also be distributed across
racial groups, benefiting the population at
large.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113741},
Key = {fds355590}
}
@article{fds355775,
Author = {Diette, TM and Hamilton, D and Goldsmith, AH and Darity,
WA},
Title = {Does the negro need separate schools? A retrospective
analysis of the racial composition of schools and black
adult academic and economic success},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {166-186},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2021.7.1.10},
Abstract = {W.E.B. Du Bois asserted that black students are better
served by attending predominantly black schools than hostile
integrated schools in a context of racial discrimination.
The conventional assumption is that black students benefit
educationally by attending schools with more white peers,
which have access to greater resources. However, the theory
of the functionality of discrimination advances the idea
that black students may face greater discrimination in
school settings with numerous white peers as a result of a
competitive process and white appropriation of preferred
resources. Using the National Survey of Black Americans, we
find evidence of a nonmonotonic relationship between high
school racial composition and years of schooling completed,
high school graduation, likelihood of being employed, and
likelihood of owning a home. We conclude, contrary to
conventional belief, that it is not unambiguously the case
that black students gain from attending schools with more
white peers.},
Doi = {10.7758/RSF.2021.7.1.10},
Key = {fds355775}
}
@article{fds355800,
Author = {Francis, DV and Darity, WA},
Title = {Separate and unequal under one roof: How the legacy of
racialized tracking perpetuates within-school
segregation},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-202},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2021.7.1.11},
Abstract = {In this article, we use administrative data from three
cohorts of North Carolina public high school students to
examine the effects of within-school segregation on the
propensity of academically eligible black high school
students to take advanced math courses. Our identification
strategy takes advantage of cohort-to-cohort variation in
the share of eleventh and twelfth grade black students
enrolled in advanced math courses when a cohort first enters
a school in the ninth grade. We find that a 1 point increase
in the percentage of black eleventh and twelfth graders in
advanced math courses increases the likelihood that an
academically eligible black student will take an advanced
math course before they graduate by 22 percentage points in
racially diverse schools. Effects are larger for black
males.},
Doi = {10.7758/RSF.2021.7.1.11},
Key = {fds355800}
}
@article{fds345372,
Author = {Bentley-Edwards, KL and Blackman Carr and LT and Robbins, PA and Conde,
E and Zaw, K and Darity, WA},
Title = {Investigating Denominational and Church Attendance
Differences in Obesity and Diabetes in Black Christian Men
and Women.},
Journal = {J Relig Health},
Volume = {59},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3055-3070},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00888-6},
Abstract = {Prior investigations of the relationships between religious
denomination and diabetes and obesity do not consider
the nuance within black faith traditions. This study used
data from the National Survey of American Life
(n = 4344) to identify denominational and religious
attendance differences in obesity and diabetes among black
Christian men and women. Key findings indicated that black
Catholics and Presbyterians had lower odds of diabetes than
Baptists. Black men that attended church almost daily were
nearly twice as likely to be obese than those that never
attend services. These results indicate that denomination
and gender should inform faith-based and placed health
promotion approaches.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10943-019-00888-6},
Key = {fds345372}
}
@article{fds352290,
Author = {Jackson, FM and Rashied-Henry, K and Braveman, P and Dominguez, TP and Ramos, D and Maseru, N and Darity, W and Waddell, L and Warne, D and Legaz,
G and Gupta, R and James, A},
Title = {A Prematurity Collaborative Birth Equity Consensus Statement
for Mothers and Babies.},
Journal = {Maternal and child health journal},
Volume = {24},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1231-1237},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-02960-0},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4>In 2016, March of Dimes (MOD) launched
its Prematurity Collaborative to engage a broad cross
section of national experts to address persistent and
widening racial disparities in preterm birth by achieving
equity and demonstrated improvements in preterm birth.
African-American and Native American women continue to have
disproportionate rates of preterm birth and maternal death.
As part of the Collaborative, MOD created the Health Equity
Workgroup whose task was the creation of a scientific
consensus statement articulating core values and a call to
action to achieve equity in preterm birth utilizing health
equity and social determinants of health
frameworks.<h4>Methods</h4>Health Equity Workgroup members
engaged in-person and virtually to discuss key determinant
contributors and resolutions for disparate maternal and
birth outcomes. Workgroup members then drafted the Birth
Equity Consensus Statement that contained value statements
and a call to action. The birth equity consensus statement
was presented at professional conferences to seek broader
support. This article highlights the background and context
towards arriving at the core values and call to action,
which are the two major components of the consensus
statement and presents the core values and call to action
themselves.<h4>Results</h4>The result was the creation of a
birth equity consensus statement that highlights risks and
protections of social determinants based on the prevailing
science, and identifies promising solutions for reducing
preterm birth and eliminating racial disparities.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The
birth equity consensus statement provides a mandate, guiding
the work of March of Dimes and the broader MCH community,
for equity-based research, practice, and policy advocacy at
local, state, and federal levels.<h4>Significance</h4>This
field report adds to the current knowledge base on racial
and ethnic disparities in birth and maternal health
outcomes. Research has documented the science behind
eliminating health disparities. Scientists and practitioners
should continue to explore in practice how the social
determinants of birth and maternal health, which manifest
historically and contemporarily, can be addressed.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10995-020-02960-0},
Key = {fds352290}
}
@article{fds350221,
Author = {Craemer, T and Smith, T and Harrison, B and Logan, T and Bellamy, W and Darity, W},
Title = {Wealth Implications of Slavery and Racial Discrimination for
African American Descendants of the Enslaved},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {218-254},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644620926516},
Abstract = {We compare the 2018 per capita Black–White wealth gap of
about US$352,250 with portions of the estimated total cost
of slavery and discrimination to African American
descendants of the enslaved. For the period of slavery in
the United States, we arrive at estimates of about US$12 to
US$13 trillion in 2018 dollars using Darity’s land-based
and Marketti’s price-based estimation methods,
respectively. Estimates using Craemer’s wage-based method
tend to be higher ranging from US$18.6 trillion at 3%
interest to US$6.2 quadrillion at 6% interest. The value of
lost freedom (LF) based on Japanese American World War II
internment reparations is estimated at 3% interest to amount
to US$35 trillion and at 6% to US$16 quadrillion. Further
research is required to estimate the cost of lost
opportunities (LC) and pain and suffering (PS). Further
research is also required to estimate the costs of colonial
slavery, as well as racial discrimination following the
abolition of slavery in the United States to African
American descendants of the enslaved. Whether the full cost
of slavery and discrimination should be compensated, or only
a portion, and at what interest rate remain to be determined
by negotiations between the federal government and the
descendant community.},
Doi = {10.1177/0034644620926516},
Key = {fds350221}
}
@article{fds347127,
Author = {Siddiqi, A and Sod-Erdene, O and Hamilton, D and Cottom, TM and Darity,
W},
Title = {Growing sense of social status threat and concomitant deaths
of despair among whites.},
Journal = {SSM - population health},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {100449},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100449},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>A startling population health phenomenon
has been unfolding since the turn of the 21st century.
Whites in the United States, who customarily have the most
favorable mortality profile of all racial groups, have
experienced rising mortality rates, without a commensurate
rise in other racial groups. The two leading hypotheses to
date are that either contemporaneous economic conditions or
longer-term (post-1970s) economic transformations have led
to declining economic and social prospects of low-educated
whites, culminating in "deaths of despair." We re-examine
these hypotheses and investigate a third hypothesis:
mortality increases are attributable to (false) perceptions
of whites that they are losing social status.<h4>Methods</h4>Using
administrative and survey data, we examined trends and
correlations between race-, age- and, education-specific
mortality and a range of economic and social indicators. We
also conducted a county-level fixed effects model to
determine whether changes in the Republican share of voters
during presidential elections, as a marker of growing
perceptions of social status threat, was associated with
changes in working-age white mortality from 2000 to 2016,
adjusting for demographic and economic covariates.<h4>Findings</h4>Rising
white mortality is not restricted to the lowest education
bracket and is occurring deeper into the educational
distribution. Neither short-term nor long-term economic
factors can themselves account for rising white mortality,
because parallel trends (and more adverse levels) of these
factors were being experienced by blacks, whose mortality
rates are <i>not</i> rising. Instead, perceptions -
misperceptions - of whites that their social status is being
threatened by their declining economic circumstances seems
best able to reconcile the observed population health
patterns.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Rising white mortality in the
United States is not explained by traditional social and
economic population health indicators, but instead by a
<i>perceived</i> decline in relative group status on the
part of whites - despite no actual loss in relative group
position.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100449},
Key = {fds347127}
}
@article{fds350489,
Author = {Burns, AB and Darity, W},
Title = {A blurred case: The diversity defense for affirmative action
in the U.S.},
Journal = {Du Bois Review},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {341-356},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1742058X19000262},
Abstract = {Much of the pivotal debate concerning the validity of
affirmative action is situated in a legal context of
defending or challenging claims that there may be broad
societal gains from increased diversity. Race-conscious
affirmative action policies originally advanced legal
sanctions to promote racial equity in the United States.
Today, increasingly detached from its historical context,
defense or rejection of affirmative action is otherwise
upheld to achieve diversity. A diversity rationale for
affirmative action calls for increasing tolerance of the
other, reducing negative stereotypes, and moderating
prejudice as goals-all objectives that deviate from the
former aim of race-targeted inclusion intended to resolve
racial discrimination in employment and college admissions.
Diversity policy provides a tapered defense for affirmative
action, one detached from principles of justice and equity.
The current article suggests that, despite the fact that the
ostensible benefits of racial inclusion as diversity may be
the remaining legal prop for affirmative action in the U.S.,
there is a need to consider whether diversity intrinsically
can engender the benefits that affirmative action policy
seeks to provide.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1742058X19000262},
Key = {fds350489}
}
@misc{fds355932,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Understanding the subaltern native middle
class},
Pages = {89-98},
Booktitle = {History, Methodology and Identity for a 21st Century Social
Economics},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780367111069},
Key = {fds355932}
}
@misc{fds363344,
Author = {Graves, E and Muñoz, AP and Hamilton, D and Darity, WA and Nam,
Y},
Title = {Non-Hispanic White Versus Black Parental Wealth and Wealth
Transfers to Enable Homeownership in Five Metropolitan
Areas},
Pages = {54-67},
Booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Housing Policy and
Planning},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781138188433},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315642338-5},
Abstract = {Since at least the early twentieth century, U.S. housing
polices have consistently promoted homeownership. While
historically homeownership has been a significant source of
wealth for many non-Hispanic Whites, this has not been the
case for most Blacks, due in large part to differences in
homeownership rates between the groups. Scholars have
attempted to explain the differences in non-Hispanic White
versus Black homeownership rates by analyzing structural
factors as well as the recent negative impact of the Great
Recession on Black homeownership and wealth. One particular
focus to explain the lower Black homeownership rates has
been the intergenerational drivers leading to differences in
wealth between non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks. Non-Hispanic
Whites often have more frequent and earlier access to
homeownership than Blacks. This chapter analyzes how
homeownership is facilitated through financial transfers
from parents to children using data from the National Asset
Scorecard for Communities of Color (NASCC) survey. The
chapter provides evidence on the relationship between
parental race and the prevalence of indirect and direct
wealth and wealth transfers that enable homeownership. We
also investigate non-Hispanic White versus Black differences
for five metropolitan areas.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315642338-5},
Key = {fds363344}
}
@article{fds337033,
Author = {Craigie, T-A and Myers, SL and Darity, WA},
Title = {Racial Differences in the Effect of Marriageable Males on
Female Family Headship.},
Journal = {Journal of demographic economics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {231-256},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2018.3},
Abstract = {Female family headship has strong implications for endemic
poverty in the United States. Consequently, it is imperative
to explore the chief factors that contribute to this
problem. Departing from prior literature that places
significant weight on welfare-incentive effects, our study
highlights the role of male marriageability in explaining
the prevalence of never-married female family headship for
blacks and whites. Specifically, we examine racial
differences in the effect of male marriageability on
never-married female headship from 1980 to 2010. By
exploiting data from IPUMS-USA (N = 4,958,722) and exogenous
variation from state-level sentencing reforms, the study
finds that the decline in the relative supply of
marriageable males significantly increases the incidence of
never-married female family headship for blacks but not for
whites.},
Doi = {10.1017/dem.2018.3},
Key = {fds337033}
}
@article{fds337034,
Author = {McMillian, MM and Fuller, S and Hill, Z and Duch, K and Darity,
WA},
Title = {Can Class-Based Substitute for Race-Based Student Assignment
Plans? Evidence From Wake County, North Carolina},
Journal = {Urban Education},
Volume = {53},
Number = {7},
Pages = {843-874},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085915613554},
Abstract = {This study uses a North Carolina administrative data set to
analyze racial segregation and student achievement in Wake
County during race-based and income-based school assignment
plans. We find a modest increase in the level of racial
segregation in Wake schools during the income-based plan,
but compared with other large districts in the state, Wake
County remained relatively desegregated. We also find a
small increase in reading and math test scores and a
narrowing of the Black-White test score gap. Our analysis
indicates that the improvement in math scores may be
partially due to school composition changes attributable to
the income-based assignment plan.},
Doi = {10.1177/0042085915613554},
Key = {fds337034}
}
@article{fds339727,
Author = {De La Cruz-Viesca and M and Ong, PM and Coman-Don, A and Darity, WA and Hamilton, D},
Title = {Fifty years after the Kerner Commission report: Place,
housing, and racial wealth inequality in Los
Angeles},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {4},
Number = {6},
Pages = {160-184},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2018.4.6.08},
Abstract = {Fifty years after the national Kerner Commission report on
urban unrest and fifty-three years after California's McCone
Commission report on the 1965 Watts riots, substantial
racial disparity in education, housing, employment, and
wealth is still pervasive in Los Angeles. Neither report
mentions wealth inequality as a cause for concern, however.
This article examines one key dimension of racial wealth
inequality through the lens of home ownership, particularly
in South Los Angeles, where the 1965 Watts riots took place.
It also analyzes the state's role in housing development in
codifying and expanding practices of racial and class
segregation that has led to the production and reproduction
of racial inequality in South Los Angeles compared with Los
Angeles County.},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2018.4.6.08},
Key = {fds339727}
}
@article{fds339728,
Author = {Bentley-Edwards, KL and Edwards, MC and Spence, CN and Darity, WA and Hamilton, D and Perez, J},
Title = {How does it feel to be a problem? The missing Kerner
commission report},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {4},
Number = {6},
Pages = {20-40},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2018.4.6.02},
Abstract = {Using an intersectional lens of race and gender, this
article offers a critique of the Kerner Commission report
and fills the gap of the missing analysis of white rage and
of black women. A protracted history of white race riots
resulted in the loss of black lives, black-owned property,
and constitutional rights. However, only black riots, marked
by the loss of white-owned property but few white lives, was
the issue that prompted the forma tion of a national
commission to investigate the events. Then and now, the
privileging of white property rights over black life and
liberty explains why black revolts result in presidential
commissions, but white terror campaigns have never led to
any comparable study.},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2018.4.6.02},
Key = {fds339728}
}
@article{fds337709,
Author = {Broady, KE and Todd, CL and Darity, WA},
Title = {Passing and the Costs and Benefits of Appropriating
Blackness},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104-122},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644618789182},
Abstract = {The socioeconomic position of Blacks in America cannot be
fully contextualized without considering the marginalization
of their racialized social identities as minorities who have
historically combated subjugation and oppression with
respect to income, employment, homeownership, education, and
political representation. It is not difficult to understand
why the historical reference to “passing” primarily has
been associated with Blacks who were able to—and many who
did—claim to be White to secure the social, educational,
political, and economic benefits that were reserved for
Whites. Therefore, the majority of passing narratives have
focused on Black to White passing. This article departs from
the tradition in the literature by considering appropriation
of various aspects of Black culture and White to Black
passing. We evaluate the socioeconomic costs and benefits of
being Black and inequalities in citizenship status between
Blacks and Whites. Furthermore, we examine the socioeconomic
and political capital of Blackness versus Whiteness in an
attempt to explore the rationality of passing for
Black.},
Doi = {10.1177/0034644618789182},
Key = {fds337709}
}
@article{fds340886,
Author = {Diette, TM and Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity,
W},
Title = {Adult happiness and prior traumatic victimization in and out
of the household},
Journal = {Review of Economics of the Household},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-295},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11150-016-9334-0},
Abstract = {A large share of the American population suffers from
traumatic experiences early in life. Many adults are also
victims of trauma. Using data drawn from the National
Comorbidity Survey–Replication, we examine the link
between self-reported happiness, a broad gauge of subjective
well-being, and four types of traumatic victimization that
may occur at various points in the life cycle. In
particular, we consider the association between home
violence, sexual assault, community violence, and stalking
and subsequent victims’ adult happiness. For females and
males, we find that each of these traumas significantly
reduces self-reported happiness later in the life course,
and for both women and men, the estimated impact of home
violence is greatest. Furthermore, we find that the adverse
effects of trauma on happiness are comparable to the impact
of critical socioeconomic developments on happiness.
Moreover, we find that experiencing more than one type of
these four traumas has a greater negative impact on
subsequent happiness than experiencing only one type. Our
findings are robust to the inclusion of a wide range of
controls, and the influence of trauma on subsequent
happiness is independent of personal and family
characteristics. Since happiness and mental health are
closely related, our work suggests that traumatic
victimization undermines overall health and well-being in
the U.S.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11150-016-9334-0},
Key = {fds340886}
}
@article{fds335168,
Author = {Darity, W and Hamilton, D},
Title = {The Federal Job Guarantee},
Journal = {Intereconomics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-180},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10272-018-0744-5},
Doi = {10.1007/s10272-018-0744-5},
Key = {fds335168}
}
@article{fds339729,
Author = {Paul, M and Darity, W and Hamilton, D and Zaw, K},
Title = {A path to ending poverty by way of ending unemployment: A
federal job guarantee},
Journal = {RSF},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {44-63},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Foundation},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2018.4.3.03},
Abstract = {Poverty in the United States, one of the world's most
wealthy and prosperous nations, is persistently high.
Despite a complex array of social insurance programs in
place, 43.1 million people remain in poverty. Because
unemployment is a strong predictor of poverty, we propose a
permanent federal job guarantee for all Americans. The
program would provide full-time employment for any American
over eighteen, offering at least nonpoverty wages plus
benefits. Such a program will constitute a direct route to
producing full employment by eradicating involuntary
unemployment. It also will substantially increase worker
bargaining power by removing the employer threat of
unemployment. To make the case that the federal job
guarantee is viable, this paper includes responses to five
common criticisms lodged against programs of this
type.},
Doi = {10.7758/rsf.2018.4.3.03},
Key = {fds339729}
}
@misc{fds346000,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Darity, W and Veum, JR},
Title = {Race, cognitive skills, psychological capital and
wages},
Pages = {173-186},
Booktitle = {Leading Issues in Black Political Economy},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780765807595},
Key = {fds346000}
}
@misc{fds337563,
Author = {Darity, WA and Hamilton, D and Mason, PL and Price, GN and Dávila, A and Mora, MT and Stockly, SK},
Title = {Stratification economics: A general theory of intergroup
inequality},
Pages = {35-51},
Booktitle = {The Hidden Rules of Race: Barriers to an Inclusive
Economy},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781108417549},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108277846.003},
Doi = {10.1017/9781108277846.003},
Key = {fds337563}
}
@article{fds322267,
Author = {Akee, R and Stockly, SK and Darity, W and Hamilton, D and Ong,
P},
Title = {The role of race, ethnicity and tribal enrolment on asset
accumulation: an examination of American Indian tribal
nations},
Journal = {Ethnic and Racial Studies},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1939-1960},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2016.1216141},
Abstract = {We analyse survey data from the National Asset Scorecard for
Communities of Color Project for asset accumulation in
Tulsa, Oklahoma. The survey oversampled the American
Indian/Alaska Native population in order to examine asset
accumulation among a variety of racial, ethnic and legal
status groups. We examine differences in asset accumulation
across tribal members from a variety of American Indian
tribes. Additionally, we make comparisons across those that
are tribally enrolled to those that are not tribally
enrolled. We find substantial difference across tribal
affiliation in our data once we disaggregate the category of
American Indian. Our research adds a new dimension to the
literature examining differences in wealth accumulation by
race and political status for a little-studied group.
Specifically, we examine the intersection of race and legal
status in wealth and asset accumulation.},
Doi = {10.1080/01419870.2016.1216141},
Key = {fds322267}
}
@book{fds328040,
Author = {Cottom, TM and Darity, W},
Title = {For-Profit Universities The Shifting Landscape of Marketized
Higher Education},
Pages = {224 pages},
Publisher = {Springer},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9783319471877},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47187-7},
Abstract = {This edited volume proposes that the phenomenon of private
sector, financialized higher education expansion in the
United States benefits from a range of theoretical and
methodological treatments.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-47187-7},
Key = {fds328040}
}
@misc{fds329876,
Author = {Sharpe, RV and Stokes, S and Darity, WA},
Title = {Who attends for-profit institutions?: The enrollment
landscape},
Pages = {119-157},
Booktitle = {For-Profit Universities: The Shifting Landscape of
Marketized Higher Education},
Publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9783319471860},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47187-7_7},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-47187-7_7},
Key = {fds329876}
}
@book{fds367306,
Author = {Darity, WA and Myers, SL},
Title = {Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980},
Pages = {167-178},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781315129372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315129372-15},
Abstract = {Charles Murray, in a remarkable examination of American
social policy since 1950, arrives at some unconventional
conclusions about the potential of social transfer programs
to reduce poverty. The conclusions of Losing Ground:
American Social Policy, 1950-1980 are unconventional from
the perspective of the vast array of academic scholars and
social science researchers who have sought solutions over
the past decades for poverty and inequality. Murray’s
story is quite simple. The post-1960s era saw an explosion
of federal social transfer programs. Expenditures on
welfare, crime, housing, and education reached unimaginable
heights by the 1970s. Although aimed at the poor, the
programs and expenditures resulted in unconscionable costs
for the very people they were intended to help. The upshot
of the social transfer ideology was that the deserving poor
were hurt at the expense ostensibly of helping the
un-deserving poor.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315129372-15},
Key = {fds367306}
}
@article{fds325209,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Darity, WA},
Title = {The political economy of education, financial literacy, and
the racial wealth gap},
Journal = {Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-76},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/r.2017.59-76},
Abstract = {This article examines the mismatch between the political
discourse around individual agency, education, and financial
literacy, and the actual racial wealth gap. The authors
argue that the racial wealth gap is rooted in socioeconomic
and political structure barriers rather than a disdain for
or underachievement in education or financial literacy on
the part of Black Americans, as might be suggested by the
conventional wisdom. Also, the article presents a
stratification economic lens as an alternative to the
conventional wisdom to better understand why the racial
wealth gap persists},
Doi = {10.20955/r.2017.59-76},
Key = {fds325209}
}
@misc{fds356928,
Author = {Tyson, K and Darity, W and Castellino, DR},
Title = {It’s not “a black thing”: Understanding the burden of
acting white and other dilemmas of high achievement},
Pages = {406-430},
Booktitle = {Exploring Education: An Introduction to the Foundations of
Education},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781138222151},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408545-26},
Abstract = {This chapter review the burden of acting white hypothesis,
describes the current debate, and uses interview data from
eight secondary schools in North Carolina to assess the
hypothesis. It finds that a burden of acting white exists
for some black students, but that it is not prevalent among
the group. The chapter attempts to distinguish a burden of
acting white from other more generic dilemmas of high
achievement. It argues that the burden of acting white
cannot be attributed specifically to black culture. The
chapter provides answers by drawing on data from a larger
study investigating North Carolina public schools. It
focuses on the presence of black students, rather than all
minorities, in rigorous courses and programs. The chapter
uses two methods of textual analysis: manual and
computer-based approaches. It addresses the nature of black
adolescents’ peer culture with regard to academic striving
and achievement, assessed through the experiences of high
achievers.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315408545-26},
Key = {fds356928}
}
@article{fds344705,
Author = {Boshara, R and Darity, WA},
Title = {Keynote Conversation},
Journal = {Review},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-120},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/r.2017.103-120},
Doi = {10.20955/r.2017.103-120},
Key = {fds344705}
}
@article{fds322265,
Author = {Cobb, RJ and Thomas, CS and Laster Pirtle and WN and Darity,
WA},
Title = {Self-identified race, socially assigned skin tone, and adult
physiological dysregulation: Assessing multiple dimensions
of "race" in health disparities research.},
Journal = {SSM - population health},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {595-602},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.06.007},
Abstract = {Despite a general acceptance of "race" as a social, rather
than biological construct in the social sciences, racial
health disparities research has given less consideration to
the dimensions of race that may be most important for
shaping persistent disparities in adult physical health
status. In this study, we incorporate the social
constructionist view that race is multidimensional to
evaluate the health significance of two measures of race,
racial self-identification and the socially perceived skin
tone of black Americans, in a sample of black and white
adults in the Nashville Stress and Health Study (N=1186).
First, we use the approach most common in disparities
research-comparing group differences in an outcome-to
consider self-identified racial differences in allostatic
load (AL), a cumulative biological indicator of physical
dysregulation. Second, we examine intragroup variations in
AL among blacks by skin tone (i.e. light, brown, or dark
skin). Third, we assess whether the magnitude of black-white
disparities are equal across black skin tone subgroups.
Consistent with prior research, we find significantly higher
rates of dysregulation among blacks. However, our results
also show that racial differences in AL vary by blacks' skin
tone; AL disparities are largest between whites and
dark-skinned blacks and smallest between whites and
light-skinned blacks. This study highlights the importance
of blacks' skin tone as a marker of socially-assigned race
for shaping intragroup and intergroup variations in adult
physiological dysregulation. These results demonstrate the
importance of assessing multiple dimensions of race in
disparities research, as this approach may better capture
the various mechanisms by which "race" continues to shape
health.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.06.007},
Key = {fds322265}
}
@article{fds322266,
Author = {Zhang, L and Sharpe, RV and Li, S and Darity, WA},
Title = {Wage differentials between urban and rural-urban migrant
workers in China},
Journal = {China Economic Review},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {222-233},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2016.10.004},
Abstract = {Since the end of the 1980s, the number of migrants working
in the urban labor market has increased dramatically.
However, migrant workers are treated differently from urban
workers. In this paper we examine the labor market
discrimination against rural migrants from the point of view
of wage differentials using CHIP-2007 data. We apply Jann
pooled method to deal with index number problem and use
Heckman two step model to correct selection problem when
decomposing the wage gap. The decomposition results show
that a significant difference in wage gains persists between
the two groups as late as 2007. In 2007 migrants only earned
49% of urban workers' income and 17% of the wage gap cannot
be explained by observed factors. In detail, differences in
educational attainment, work experience and distribution
across industry, occupation, and ownership of enterprises
account for most of the explained wage gap.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chieco.2016.10.004},
Key = {fds322266}
}
@article{fds322268,
Author = {Ramraj, C and Shahidi, FV and Darity, W and Kawachi, I and Zuberi, D and Siddiqi, A},
Title = {Equally inequitable? A cross-national comparative study of
racial health inequalities in the United States and
Canada.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {161},
Pages = {19-26},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.028},
Abstract = {Prior research suggests that racial inequalities in health
vary in magnitude across societies. This paper uses the
largest nationally representative samples available to
compare racial inequalities in health in the United States
and Canada. Data were obtained from ten waves of the
National Health Interview Survey (n = 162,271,885) and the
Canadian Community Health Survey (n = 19,906,131) from
2000 to 2010. We estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios,
and risk differences across racial groups for a range of
health outcomes in each country. Patterns of racial health
inequalities differed across the United States and Canada.
After adjusting for covariates, black-white and
Hispanic-white inequalities were relatively larger in the
United States, while aboriginal-white inequalities were
larger in Canada. In both countries, socioeconomic factors
did not explain inequalities across racial groups to the
same extent. In conclusion, while racial inequalities in
health exist in both the United States and Canada, the
magnitudes of these inequalities as well as the racial
groups affected by them, differ considerably across the two
countries. This suggests that the relationship between race
and health varies as a function of the societal context in
which it operates.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.028},
Key = {fds322268}
}
@article{fds322269,
Author = {Utley, TJ and Darity, W},
Title = {India’s Color Complex: One Day’s Worth of
Matrimonials},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {129-138},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-016-9233-x},
Abstract = {Lighter skin complexions may function as a form of capital,
particularly for women, in marriage markets. The existence
of a preference for light skin for marital partners is an
index of the presence of colorism or color bias in a given
society. This paper reports on a detailed examination of
marital advertisements that appeared in India’s Sunday
Times on a single day in March 2013. It asks how often skin
shade is mentioned in the advertisements placed among those
seeking grooms and those seeking brides, how those mentions
are distributed by the reported age of the prospective
marital partner, and the type of language used to describe
the individual’s complexion. The study finds that skin
shade is described far more often in advertisements placed
by prospective brides or their families than prospective
grooms or their families, and, whenever complexion is
mentioned, the possession of lighter skin
shades.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-016-9233-x},
Key = {fds322269}
}
@article{fds322270,
Author = {Zaw, K and Hamilton, D and Darity, W},
Title = {Race, Wealth and Incarceration: Results from the National
Longitudinal Survey of Youth},
Journal = {Race and Social Problems},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {103-115},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12552-016-9164-y},
Abstract = {Using the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Study of
Youth to explore the interwoven links between race, wealth
and incarceration, this study examines the data on race and
wealth status before and after incarceration. Data indicate
that although higher levels of wealth were associated with
lower rates of incarceration, the likelihood of future
incarceration still was higher for blacks at every level of
wealth compared to the white likelihood, as well as the
Hispanic likelihood, which fell below the white likelihood
for some levels of wealth. Further, we find that racial
wealth gaps existed among those who would be incarcerated in
the future and also among the previously
incarcerated.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12552-016-9164-y},
Key = {fds322270}
}
@article{fds322271,
Author = {Meschede, T and Hamilton, D and Muñoz, AP and Jackson, R and Darity,
W},
Title = {Inequality in the “Cradle of Liberty”: Race/Ethnicity
and Wealth in Greater Boston},
Journal = {Race and Social Problems},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-28},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12552-016-9166-9},
Abstract = {New data collected for the Boston Metropolitan Statistical
Area provide detailed information on financial assets that
allow analysis to extend beyond the traditional
black–white divide. Targeting US-born blacks, Caribbean
blacks, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, and other Hispanics,
findings from the National Asset Scorecard for Communities
of Color survey underscore the large racial and ethnic
disparities in financial wealth, even after controlling for
demographic and socioeconomic status. Further, some notable
differences between Boston’s communities of color
highlight the importance of detailed analyses for research
on the racial wealth gap. In particular, among non-white
communities Dominicans report comparatively low asset and
high debt amounts, while Caribbean blacks report relatively
higher levels of wealth. Altogether, these findings point to
the need for wealth building opportunities in communities of
color and further investigation of the causes and
consequences of financial disparities between groups of
color disaggregated by specific ancestral
origin.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12552-016-9166-9},
Key = {fds322271}
}
@misc{fds323407,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {The simple analytics of aggregate demand price and aggregate
supply price analysis},
Pages = {9-24},
Booktitle = {Inflation and Income Distribution in Capitalist Crisis:
Essays in Memory of Sidney Weintraub},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan UK},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780333419755},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08833-1},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-349-08833-1},
Key = {fds323407}
}
@article{fds365136,
Author = {Rosenblum, A and Darity, W and Harris, AL and Hamilton,
TG},
Title = {Looking through the Shades: The Effect of Skin Color on
Earnings by Region of Birth and Race for Immigrants to the
United States},
Journal = {Sociology of Race and Ethnicity},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-105},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332649215600718},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study is to determine whether a labor
market penalty exists for members of immigrant groups as a
result of being phenotypically different from white
Americans. Specifically, the authors examine the link
between skin shade, perhaps the most noticeable phenotypical
characteristic, and wages for immigrants from five regions:
(1) Europe and Central Asia; (2) China, East Asia, South
Asia, and the Pacific; (3) Latin America and the Caribbean;
(4) Sub-Saharan Africa; and (5) the Middle East and North
Africa. Using data from the New Immigrant Survey, a
nationally representative multi-cohort longitudinal study of
new legal immigrants to the United States, the authors find
a skin shade penalty in wages for darker immigrants.
However, disaggregating by region of origin shows that this
finding is driven exclusively by the experience of
immigrants from Latin America; the wage penalty for skin
tone is substantial for self-reported nonblack Latin
American immigrants. The effects of colorism are much less
pronounced or nonexistent among other national-origin
populations. Furthermore, although a skin shade penalty is
not discernible among African immigrants, findings show that
African immigrants experience a racial wage
penalty.},
Doi = {10.1177/2332649215600718},
Key = {fds365136}
}
@misc{fds348714,
Author = {Darity, W and Johnson, R and Thompson, E},
Title = {The political economy of U.S. Energy and equity
policy},
Pages = {170-219},
Booktitle = {High Energy Costs: Assessing the Burden},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781138120631},
Abstract = {An analysis of the energy crisis in the United States is
advanced that draws upon Marxist dialectical materialism.
The character of U.S. energy policy is explained as the
outcome of the interplay of a young, newly powerful
managerial class and the older, still powerful capitalist
class. The rise of the managerial class points toward the
emergence of a postcapitalist society where power still does
not pass to the masses, as the working class remains
excluded from control over social policymaking. A special
case of this exclusion is the design of U.S. energy policy.
Equity concerns in the context of energy policy and the
creation of strategies to promote greater equity reflect the
interests of the managerial class. Therefore, the
relationship between energy policy and social inequality has
been limited to income inequality rather than touching the
more fundamental inequality that is tied to the nature of
the mode of production.},
Key = {fds348714}
}
@article{fds289105,
Author = {Darity, WA and Hamilton, D and Stewart, JB},
Title = {A Tour de Force in Understanding Intergroup Inequality: An
Introduction to Stratification Economics},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-6},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-014-9201-2},
Abstract = {This special edition of the Review of Black Political
Economics provides a contribution to the growing, vital and
intellectually rich field of stratification economics.
Stratification economics is an emerging field in economics
that seeks to expand the boundaries of the analysis of how
economists analyze intergroup differences. It examines the
competitive, and sometimes collaborative, interplay between
members of social groups animated by their collective
self-interest to attain or maintain relative group position
in a social hierarchy. The collection of articles in this
volume span both quantitative and qualitative approaches,
geographical distances (Bangladesh, Brazil, the Dominican
Republic, Kenya, and the U.S.), types of intergroup
disparity (class, race, ethnicity, tribe, gender, and
phenotype), and outcomes associated with social
stratification (property rights in identity, human capital,
financial capital, consumer surplus, health, and labor
market outcomes).},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-014-9201-2},
Key = {fds289105}
}
@article{fds289110,
Author = {Diette, TM and Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity,
W},
Title = {Skin Shade Stratification and the Psychological Cost of
Unemployment: Is there a Gradient for Black
Females?},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {155-177},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-014-9192-z},
Abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to formally evaluate whether
the deleterious impact of unemployment on mental health
increases as skin shade darkens for black women in the U.S.
Using data drawn from the National Survey of American Life,
we find strong evidence of a gradient on depression between
skin shade and unemployment for black women. These findings
are consistent with the premises of the emerging field of
stratification economics. Moreover, the findings are robust
to various definitions of skin shade. Unemployed black women
with darker complexions are significantly more likely to
suffer their first onset of depression than unemployed black
females with lighter skin shade. While in some cases,
lighter skinned black women appeared not to suffer adverse
effects of unemployment compared to their employed
counterparts, persons with dark complexions did not enjoy
the same degree of protection from poor mental
health.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-014-9192-z},
Key = {fds289110}
}
@article{fds344706,
Author = {Munoz, AP and Kim, M and Chang, M and Jackson, R and Hamilton, D and Darity, WA},
Title = {The Color of Wealth in Boston},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds344706}
}
@misc{fds322273,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Eric Williams and color: Stratification in the
Caribbean},
Pages = {109-125},
Booktitle = {The Legacy of Eric Williams: Into the Postcolonial
Moment},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781628462425},
Key = {fds322273}
}
@misc{fds322272,
Author = {Carter, TA and Shields, TL and Darity, W},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {3-22},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781628462425},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781628462425.003.0011},
Doi = {10.14325/mississippi/9781628462425.003.0011},
Key = {fds322272}
}
@article{fds225592,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Race, Caste, Class, and Subalternity"},
Journal = {The Journal of Asian Studies},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds225592}
}
@article{fds289098,
Author = {Mitchell-Walthour, G and Darity, W},
Title = {Choosing Blackness in Brazil’s Racialized Democracy: The
Endogeneity of Race in Salvador and São
Paulo},
Journal = {Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {318-348},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1744-2222},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2014.959781},
Abstract = {Racial identity is endogenous and should be considered a
dependent variable in many contexts. Relying on quantitative
methods, we examine why some Afro-Brazilians in Salvador and
São Paulo choose black identities despite prevailing
negative stereotypes in Brazilian society. Our first
hypothesis, based on a survey conducted in 2008, is that
those Afro-Brazilians with darker skin, higher socioeconomic
status, greater experiences with discrimination, and who
express a sense of black-linked fate are more likely to
identify as preto or negro. Relying on a 2006 survey, our
second hypothesis is that Afro-Brazilians in São Paulo
rather than Salvador with higher socioeconomic status and
who express a sense of black-linked fate are more likely to
identify as black rather than nonblack. Our study
contributes to an understanding of the changing racial
dynamics in the United States and calls for greater
consideration of racialized experiences and more research
focused on collecting data consistently on an individual’s
appearance.},
Doi = {10.1080/17442222.2014.959781},
Key = {fds289098}
}
@misc{fds225594,
Author = {darity},
Title = {“Why We’re Wrong About Affirmative Action: Stereotypes,
Testing, and the ‘Soft Bigotry of Low Expectations’”},
Journal = {Huffington Post},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds225594}
}
@article{fds225590,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"The Economics of the Dispossessed"},
Journal = {The Journal of Social Inclusion Studies},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-15},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds225590}
}
@misc{fds225595,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {“Black Reparations Is About Much More Than
Slavery”},
Journal = {Black Youth Project},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds225595}
}
@misc{fds225593,
Author = {Rebecca Tippett and Avis Jones-DeWeever and Maya Rockeymoore and Darrick Hamilton and William Darity Jr.},
Title = {Beyond Broke: Why Closing the Racial Wealth Gap is a
Priority for National Economic Security},
Publisher = {Report prepared by Global Policy Solutions, the Caro-lina
Population Center (UNC at Chapel Hill), the Research Network
on Racial and Ethnic Inequality (Duke University), and the
Milano School of International Affairs, Management, and
Urban Policy (the N},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds225593}
}
@misc{fds225596,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Migrant Mythologies"},
Journal = {Black Youth Project},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds225596}
}
@misc{fds225597,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Casinos of Crisis"},
Journal = {Black Youth Project},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds225597}
}
@misc{fds225598,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"A Social Movement, Not Self Improvement"},
Journal = {Black Youth Project},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds225598}
}
@article{fds289097,
Author = {Darity, W and Kreeger, A},
Title = {The desegregation of an elite economics department’s phd
program: Black Americans at MIT},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {46},
Number = {Supplement 1},
Pages = {317-336},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2716217},
Abstract = {We examine the history of the entry of black American
graduate students into the PhD program in economics at MIT
in the 1970s. The deployment of an active and aggressive
affirmative action program led to the presence of a critical
mass of black doctoral students at MIT during the first half
of the decade. We explore in detail the reasons why some MIT
faculty members characterized the initiative as a “failed
experiment” and what ultimately happened to affirmative
action at MIT’s economics department.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2716217},
Key = {fds289097}
}
@article{fds289109,
Author = {darity and Aja, A and Bustillo, D and Darity, W and Hamilton,
D},
Title = {From a tangle of pathology to a race-fair
America},
Journal = {Dissent},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {39-43},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dss.2014.0065},
Doi = {10.1353/dss.2014.0065},
Key = {fds289109}
}
@misc{fds289115,
Author = {Diette, TM and Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity, W and Mcfarland, K},
Title = {Stalking: Does it Leave a Psychological Footprint?},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {563-580},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0038-4941},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12058},
Abstract = {Objectives: This article offers new evidence on whether
stalking damages the mental health of female victims. This
study advances the literature by accounting for age of
initial stalking victimization, mental health status prior
to being stalked, and exposure to other forms of traumatic
victimization. Methods: Using logistical analysis, we
utilize data drawn from three large national data sets.
Results: We find that being the victim of stalking as a
young adult, ages 18-45, significantly increases the odds of
initial onset of psychological distress; however, this is
not the case for victims ages 12-17. Conclusions: Stalking
has emerged as a deeply disturbing public issue because of
its prevalence and the fear it creates in victims.
Unfortunately, little is known about the psychological
consequences of being stalked because the emerging
literature typically is based on small, nonrandom samples.
Our findings highlight the benefits of reducing stalking and
the importance of supporting victims. © 2013 by the
Southwestern Social Science Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/ssqu.12058},
Key = {fds289115}
}
@misc{fds225591,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"From the Dissertation to Capitalism and Slavery: Did
Williams' Abolition Thesis Undergo Change?"},
Pages = {xi-xxiv},
Booktitle = {eric Williams, Economic Aspect of the Abolition of the West
Indian Slave Trade and Slavery},
Publisher = {Rowman and Littlefied},
Editor = {Dale Tomich},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225591}
}
@misc{fds220161,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {Another View: Job Guarantee Program Would Fix the
Economy},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds220161}
}
@misc{fds220160,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {How A Federal Job Program Would Fix the Economy},
Journal = {News and Observer (Raleigh NC)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds220160}
}
@misc{fds220136,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {Federal Law Requires Job Creation},
Journal = {The New York Times (Opinion Pages)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds220136}
}
@misc{fds219940,
Author = {Alan Aja and William Darity Jr. and Darrick
Hamilton},
Title = {"Social Security for the Life Cycle"},
Journal = {Huffington Post (online)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds219940}
}
@misc{fds219942,
Author = {William Darity Jr. and Rhonda Sharpe},
Title = {"What's Best Isn't Always Clear"},
Journal = {The New York Times (Opinion pages)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds219942}
}
@misc{fds219944,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"How to Guarantee a Job for Every American"},
Journal = {PBS Newshour: The Business Desk},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds219944}
}
@misc{fds219946,
Author = {Darity Jr. and William},
Title = {"Segregated Education in Desegregated Schools: Why We Should
Eliminate 'Tracking' with 'Gifted and Talented' for
All"},
Journal = {The Huffington Post (online)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds219946}
}
@misc{fds352291,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Confronting those affirmative action grumbles},
Pages = {215-223},
Booktitle = {Capitalism on Trial: Explorations in the Tradition of Thomas
E. Weisskopf},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar},
Editor = {Jeannette Wicks-Lim and Robert Pollin},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9781781003602},
Key = {fds352291}
}
@misc{fds219945,
Author = {Alan Aja and Darrick Hamilton and William Darity
Jr.},
Title = {"Don't Cut, Invest! Why the Obama Administration Should
Support a Federal Job Guarantee Program"},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds219945}
}
@misc{fds219943,
Author = {Alan Aja and William Darity Jr. and Darrick
Hamilton},
Title = {"If Not Race, Then Wealth: Why Universities Should Avoid
Income As Proxy for Race-Based Admissions
Policy"},
Journal = {The Huffington Post (online)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds219943}
}
@article{fds289112,
Author = {Aja, A and Bustillo, D and Darity, W and Hamilton,
D},
Title = {Jobs instead of austerity: A bold policy proposal for
economic justice},
Journal = {Social Research},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {781-794},
Year = {2013},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0037-783X},
Key = {fds289112}
}
@article{fds289117,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {From Here to Full Employment},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-120},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-012-9154-2},
Abstract = {Samuel Z. Westerfield Address © 2012 Springer
Science+Business Media New York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-012-9154-2},
Key = {fds289117}
}
@misc{fds317732,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Disposal of an old orthodoxy reading Eric Williams'
dissertation},
Journal = {Review (United States)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-175},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The publication of Eric Williams' 1938 Oxford doctoral
dissertation makes his thesis widely available for the first
time. It provides an opportunity for reading the
dissertation with a fresh eye unfiltered by the misleading
interpretation advanced by the British imperial historian,
Howard Temperley. Fundamental to Williams' argument is the
particular role of the Haitian Revolution in shaping the
momentum toward British abolition of the slave trade. It is
argued here, unlike the position taken by Temperley, that
there is no substantive difference between Williams'
analysis of the causes of British abolition in his
dissertation and in his classic work, Capitalism and Slavery
(1944).},
Key = {fds317732}
}
@article{fds289096,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {The formal structure of a gender-segregated low-income
economy},
Pages = {78-90},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203946077},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203946077},
Key = {fds289096}
}
@article{fds289177,
Author = {Darity, W and Hamilton, D},
Title = {Bold Policies for Economic Justice},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {79-85},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-011-9129-8},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The U.S. is characterized by a longstanding pattern
of large structural racial inequality that deepens further
as a result of economic downturn. Although there have been
some improvements in the income gap up until around the mid
1970s, the employment gap, and the racial wealth gap - two
dramatic indicators of economic security - remains
exorbitant and stubbornly persistent. We offer two
race-neutral programs that could go a long way towards
eliminating racial inequality, while at the same time
providing economic security, mobility and sustainability for
all Americans. The first program, a federal job guarantee,
would provide the economic security of a job and the removal
of the threat of unemployment for all Americans. The second
program, a substantial child development account that rises
progressively based on the familial asset positioning of the
child's parents, would provide a pathways towards asset
security for all Americans regardless of their economic
position at birth. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-011-9129-8},
Key = {fds289177}
}
@misc{fds376322,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Darity, WA},
Title = {Crowded out? The racial composition of American
occupations},
Volume = {9780472026180},
Pages = {60-78},
Booktitle = {Researching Black Communities: A Methodological
Guide},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780472117505},
Abstract = {Over 35 years ago, Barbara Bergmann (1971) hypothesized that
labor market discrimination against black males is manifest
in a "crowding" effect, which results in lower earnings.
White employers' refusal to hire blacks in certain
occupations forces them to cluster and creates crowding in
less desirable jobs, reinforcing a condition of lower
earnings. Bergmann provided empirical evidence of this
crowding phenomenon by reporting the disproportionate
presence of black male workers in several low-skilled
occupations relative to what would be expected based on
educational attainment and population share. In this chapter
we provide an update and extension of black male
occupational crowding using a more extensive list of
occupations that is not limited to low-skilled work based on
the 2000 decennial census. Data are examined to determine
whether the crowding phenomenon is still evident in the
post-Civil Rights labor market. In addition, a correlation
analysis is performed to test for a relationship between
occupational crowding and earnings.},
Key = {fds376322}
}
@misc{fds213430,
Author = {William Darity Jr. and Mary Lopez and Olugbena Ajilore and Leslie
Wallace},
Title = {Antipoverty Policy: The Role of Individualist and Structural
Perspectives},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of The Economics of Poverty},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Philip Jefferson},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds213430}
}
@misc{fds213428,
Author = {Timothy A. Diette and Arthur H. Goldsmith and Darrick Hamilton and William Darity Jr.},
Title = {Causality in the Relationship Between Mental Health and
Unemployment},
Booktitle = {Reconnecting to Work: Policies to Mitigate Long-Term
Unemployment and Its Consequences},
Publisher = {W.E. Upjohn for Employment Research},
Address = {Kalamazoo},
Editor = {Lauren D. Appelbaum},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds213428}
}
@misc{fds289104,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Darity, WA},
Title = {Crowded out? The racial composition of American
occupations},
Volume = {9780472026180},
Pages = {60-78},
Booktitle = {Project Muse 4},
Publisher = {DUMMY PUBID},
Address = {Ann Arbor},
Editor = {James S. Jackson and Sherrill L. Sellers},
Year = {2012},
ISBN = {9780472117505},
Abstract = {Over 35 years ago, Barbara Bergmann (1971) hypothesized that
labor market discrimination against black males is manifest
in a "crowding" effect, which results in lower earnings.
White employers' refusal to hire blacks in certain
occupations forces them to cluster and creates crowding in
less desirable jobs, reinforcing a condition of lower
earnings. Bergmann provided empirical evidence of this
crowding phenomenon by reporting the disproportionate
presence of black male workers in several low-skilled
occupations relative to what would be expected based on
educational attainment and population share. In this chapter
we provide an update and extension of black male
occupational crowding using a more extensive list of
occupations that is not limited to low-skilled work based on
the 2000 decennial census. Data are examined to determine
whether the crowding phenomenon is still evident in the
post-Civil Rights labor market. In addition, a correlation
analysis is performed to test for a relationship between
occupational crowding and earnings.},
Key = {fds289104}
}
@article{fds289179,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {A New (Incorrect) Harvard/Washington Consensus: Review of
William Julius' Wilson's More Than Just Race},
Journal = {Du Bois Review},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {467-476},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1742058X11000439},
Doi = {10.1017/S1742058X11000439},
Key = {fds289179}
}
@misc{fds208897,
Author = {William A. Darity Jr},
Title = {Insuring Permanent Full Employment},
Journal = {Congressional Black Caucus Deficit Commission},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds208897}
}
@misc{fds289180,
Author = {Darity, W and Deshpande, A and Weisskopf, T},
Title = {Who Is Eligible? Should Affirmative Action be Group- or
Class-Based?},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {238-268},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9246},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.2010.00770.x},
Abstract = {Abstract: We explore the consequences for eligibility of
members of subaltern groups for affirmative action (AA),
when AA policies are based on social class criteria rather
than on group affiliation (race, ethnicity, or gender), by
means of a general model with simplifying assumptions. The
model is developed first for the case where everyone
eligible for AA becomes a beneficiary, and then for the case
where beneficiaries are only those eligibles who are able to
meet minimum qualification requirements for the positions at
issue-an ability that is (reasonably) assumed to be
correlated with socioeconomic status. The model demonstrates
that class-based affirmative action cannot provide as many
subaltern-group beneficiaries as group-based affirmative
action, especially when access to the desired positions
hinges on performance qualifications. Data on AA-targeted
subaltern groups in rural India and in the United States are
used to illustrate the conclusions of the model. © 2011
American Journal of Economics and Sociology,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2010.00770.x},
Key = {fds289180}
}
@article{fds289178,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {A Direct Route to Full Employment},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {179-181},
Publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6999 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds289178}
}
@article{fds289182,
Author = {Price, GN and Darity, WA},
Title = {The economics of race and eugenic sterilization in North
Carolina: 1958-1968.},
Journal = {Economics and human biology},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {261-272},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20188639},
Abstract = {Theoretical justifications for state-sanctioned
sterilization of individuals provided by Irving Fisher
rationalized its racialization on grounds that certain
non-white racial groups, particularly blacks due to their
dysgenic biological and behavioral traits, retarded economic
growth and should be bred out of existence. Fisher's
rationale suggests that national or state level eugenic
policies that sterilized the so-called biological and
genetically unfit could have been racist in both design and
effect by disproportionately targeting black Americans. We
empirically explore this with data on eugenic sterilizations
in the State of North Carolina between 1958 and 1968. Count
data parameter estimates from a cross-county population
allocation model of sterilization reveal that the
probability of non-institutional and total sterilizations
increased with a county's black population share-an effect
not found for any other racial group in the population. Our
results suggest that in North Carolina, eugenic
sterilization policies were racially biased and
genocidal.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ehb.2010.01.002},
Key = {fds289182}
}
@article{fds289184,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Obama and the Problem of Racial Inequality in Post-Racial
America},
Journal = {Convergence Review: An Interdisciplinary
Journal},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {102-107},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds289184}
}
@misc{fds289183,
Author = {Darity, WA and Lahiri, B and Frank, DV},
Title = {Reparations for African-Americans as a transfer problem: A
cautionary tale},
Journal = {Review of Development Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {248-261},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1363-6669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2010.00550.x},
Abstract = {We examine how different methods of reparations payments to
African-Americans affect both the black and nonblack
populations of the United States using the framework of the
transfer-problem from international trade theory as a
theoretical foundation. We find that reparations payments
that provide incentives for blacks to use the payment toward
purchases of goods and services produced by nonblacks might
expand the income gap. Also a reparations payment in the
absence of productive capacity owned by blacks is found to
have no final positive impact on black income. These results
indicate that a reparations payment strategy must be
carefully and cautiously conceived in order to achieve the
desired effects. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9361.2010.00550.x},
Key = {fds289183}
}
@article{fds289185,
Author = {Green, TL and Darity, WA},
Title = {Under the skin: using theories from biology and the social
sciences to explore the mechanisms behind the black-white
health gap.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {100 Suppl 1},
Pages = {S36-S40},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20147678},
Abstract = {Equity and social well-being considerations make Black-White
health disparities an area of important concern. Although
previous research suggests that discrimination- and
poverty-related stressors play a role in African American
health outcomes, the mechanisms are unclear. Allostatic load
is a concept that can be employed to demonstrate how
environmental stressors, including psychosocial ones, may
lead to a cumulative physiological toll on the body. We
discuss both the usefulness of this framework for
understanding how discrimination can lead to worse health
among African Americans, and the challenges for
conceptualizing biological risk with existing data and
methods. We also contrast allostatic load with theories of
historical trauma such as posttraumatic slavery syndrome.
Finally, we offer our suggestions for future
interdisciplinary research on health disparities.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2009.171140},
Key = {fds289185}
}
@article{fds289176,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Darity, W},
Title = {Can ‘Baby Bonds’ Eliminate the Racial Wealth Gap in
Putative Post-Racial America?},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {207-216},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-010-9063-1},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Despite an enormous and persistent black-white
wealth gap, the ascendant American narrative is one that
proclaims that our society has transcended the racial
divide. The proclamation often is coupled with the claim
that remaining disparities are due primarily to
dysfunctional behavior on the part of blacks. In such a
climate it appears the only acceptable remedial social
policies are those that are facially race neutral. However,
even without the capacity to redistribute assets directly on
the basis of race, our nation still can do so indirectly by
judiciously using wealth as the standard for redistributive
measures. We offer a bold progressive child development
account type program that could go a long way towards
eliminating the racial wealth gap. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-010-9063-1},
Key = {fds289176}
}
@article{fds289181,
Author = {Darity, W and Royal, C and Whitfield, K},
Title = {Race, genetics and health: An introduction},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-6},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-009-9054-2},
Abstract = {The emergence of putative race-specific or ethnic-specific
medicines appears to be overturning a new consensus reached
by physical anthropologists that race is a biological
fiction. This article examines whether there is substance to
the notion that conventional norms of race classification
have utility in medical diagnosis and prescription, whether
there is legitimacy to notions of race-specific diseases,
and whether the genomics revolution promises individualized
or racialized medicine. Correspondingly, the article asks
how far genetics really can take us in understanding racial
health disparities. Finally, the article provides a foreword
to four foundational articles in the new field of race,
genetics and health. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
2009.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-009-9054-2},
Key = {fds289181}
}
@misc{fds183434,
Author = {William Darity Jr. and Alicia Jolla},
Title = {"Desegregated Schools with Segregated Education"},
Pages = {99-118},
Booktitle = {The Integration Debate: Competing Futures for American
Cities},
Publisher = {New York: Routledge},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183434}
}
@misc{fds183435,
Author = {Samuel Myers Jr. and William Darity Jr. and Kris
Marsh},
Title = {"The Effects of Housing Market Discrimination on Earnings
Inequality"},
Pages = {119-130},
Booktitle = {The Integration Debate: Competing Futures for American
Cities},
Publisher = {New York: Routledge},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183435}
}
@misc{fds183437,
Author = {William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Racism and Colorism in Post-Racial Societies"},
Pages = {113-129},
Booktitle = {Making Equality Count: Irish and International Research
Measuring Equality and Discrimination},
Publisher = {Dublin: The Liffey Press},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183437}
}
@misc{fds183433,
Author = {Darrick Hamilton and William Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Crowded Out? The Racial Composition of American
Occupations"},
Booktitle = {Social Science Research in Black Population},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183433}
}
@article{fds289113,
Author = {Sharpe, RV and Darity, WA},
Title = {Where are brothers in the academy?: Schools successful at
producing black male graduates},
Journal = {Diversity in Higher Education},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {79-115},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1479-3644},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3644(2009)0000007008},
Doi = {10.1108/S1479-3644(2009)0000007008},
Key = {fds289113}
}
@article{fds289114,
Author = {Sharpe, RV and Darity, WA},
Title = {Where are the brothers? Alternatives to four-year college
for black males},
Journal = {Diversity in Higher Education},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {135-153},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1479-3644},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3644(2009)0000006012},
Abstract = {There has been much discussion, but little research about
why African American males do not attend and or complete a
college education. We examine the alternatives that might
reduce or compete with the decision to complete a college
education. We analyze the number of men incarcerated, trends
in labor force participation, and occupation and wages by
educational attainment. We find that even when the number of
18-24-year-old African American males incarcerated
increased, the number of 18-24-year-old African American
males enrolled in college had a larger increase suggesting
that incarceration is not a plausible explanation for the
growth rate in degree attainment for African American males.
We find that the decrease in the overall percentage and in
the percentage of 18-24-year-old African American males
reporting employed as their labor force status and the
increase in the percentage for these groups reporting not in
the labor force and unemployed may have an impact on the
college degree completion. Additionally, an increasing
percentage of African American males have an associate's or
bachelor's degree, but there was a larger percentage change
in the percent of African American males with some college.
African American males with some college earn significantly
less than those with an associate's or bachelor's degree,
but earn significantly more than African American women with
some college or an associate's degree. This supports Dunn's
(1988) finding that African American males do not invest in
college because they desire "quick money." The earnings
differential between African American males and females may
also explain the degree attainment gap, as it is the African
American females with a bachelor's degree that earn
significantly more than African American males with some
college. Copyright © 2009 by Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1108/S1479-3644(2009)0000006012},
Key = {fds289114}
}
@article{fds289118,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {More Cobwebs? Robert Solow, Uncertainty, and the Theory of
Distribution},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {41},
Number = {Suppl_1},
Pages = {149-160},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2009-021},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2009-021},
Key = {fds289118}
}
@article{fds289175,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Goldsmith, AH and Darity, W},
Title = {Shedding “light” on marriage: The influence of skin
shade on marriage for black females},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization},
Volume = {72},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-50},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.05.024},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2009.05.024},
Key = {fds289175}
}
@article{fds289174,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Guns and Butter Once Again},
Journal = {Review of Radical Political Economics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {285-290},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0486-6134},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613409334863},
Doi = {10.1177/0486613409334863},
Key = {fds289174}
}
@article{fds289186,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"Race, Wealth and Intergenerational Poverty: There Will
Never Be a Post-Racial America if the Wealth Gap
Persists"},
Journal = {The American Prospect},
Volume = {20},
Number = {7},
Pages = {A10-A12},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds289186}
}
@misc{fds289101,
Author = {Darity, WA and Jolla, A},
Title = {Desegregated schools with segregated education},
Pages = {99-117},
Booktitle = {The Integration Debate: Competing Futures for American
Cities},
Publisher = {New York: Routledge},
Editor = {C. Hartman and G. Squires},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780203890462},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203890462},
Abstract = {Reviews how educational inequities are no longer solely
shaped by residential segregation but are increasingly based
on diff erential access to quality instruction and curricula
within schools, selectively determined by race. Eff ective
alternatives include evidence from an urban elementary
school that challenged this tendency by expanding access to
its gift ed and talented program and from Project Bright
Idea, a K-2 critical thinking curriculum.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203890462},
Key = {fds289101}
}
@misc{fds289103,
Author = {Myers, SL and Darity, WA and Marsh, K},
Title = {The effects of housing market discrimination on earnings
inequality},
Pages = {119-129},
Booktitle = {The Integration Debate: Competing Futures for American
Cities},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {C. Hartman and G. Squires},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780203890462},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203890462},
Abstract = {Examines the empirical relationship between residential
segregation in a metropolitan area and racial wage
disparities in the same metropolitan area; details the
correlation between loan denial rates and racial wage
disparities in MSAs and accounts for competing factors
explaining these patterns; concludes that eradicating
residential segregation or diminishing racial gaps in loan
denials will not have any immediate impact on narrowing
earnings gaps.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203890462},
Key = {fds289103}
}
@article{fds289187,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"Stratification Economics: Context Versus Culture and the
Reparations Controversy"},
Journal = {The University of Kansas Law Review},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {795-812},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds289187}
}
@article{fds337710,
Author = {Jafarpour, S and Xu, W and Hassibi, B and Calderbank,
R},
Title = {Efficient and robust compressed sensing using optimized
expander graphs},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Information Theory},
Volume = {55},
Number = {9},
Pages = {4299-4308},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2009.2025528},
Abstract = {Expander graphs have been recently proposed to construct
efficient compressed sensing algorithms. In particular, it
has been shown that any n-dimensional vector that is
k-sparse can be fully recovered using O(k log n)
measurements and only O(k log n) simple recovery iterations.
In this paper, we improve upon this result by considering
expander graphs with expansion coefficient beyond 3\4 and
show that, with the same number of measurements, only O(k)
recovery iterations are required, which is a significant
improvement when n is large. In fact, full recovery can be
accomplished by at most 2 k very simple iterations. The
number of iterations can be reduced arbitrarily close to k,
and the recovery algorithm can be implemented very
efficiently using a simple priority queue with total
recovery time O(n log(n/k))). We also show that by
tolerating a small penalty on the number of measurements,
and not on the number of recovery iterations, one can use
the efficient construction of a family of expander graphs to
come up with explicit measurement matrices for this method.
We compare our result with other recently developed
expander-graph-based methods and argue that it compares
favorably both in terms of the number of required
measurements and in terms of the time complexity and the
simplicity of recovery. Finally, we will show how our
analysis extends to give a robust algorithm that finds the
position and sign of the k significant elements of an almost
k-sparse signal and then, using very simple optimization
techniques, finds a k-sparse signal which is close to the
best k-term approximation of the original signal. © 2009
IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TIT.2009.2025528},
Key = {fds337710}
}
@misc{fds165332,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr.},
Title = {"Caste and Race: Parallels or Disjunctures"},
Pages = {400-412},
Booktitle = {Against Stigma: Studies in Caste, Race, and Justice Since
Durban},
Publisher = {New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan},
Editor = {B. Natrajan and P. Greenough},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds165332}
}
@misc{fds165333,
Author = {R. Sharpe and W.A. Darity Jr},
Title = {"Where Are the Brothers? Alternatives to Four Year Colleges
for Black Males"},
Pages = {135-154},
Booktitle = {Black American Males in Higher Education: Diminishing
Proportions},
Publisher = {Bingley: Emerald Group},
Editor = {H. Frierson and W. Pearson Jr. and J. H. Wyche},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds165333}
}
@misc{fds165336,
Author = {D. Hamilton and W.A. Darity Jr},
Title = {"Crowded Out? The Racial Composition of American
Occupations"},
Booktitle = {Social Science Research in Black Populations},
Editor = {J.S.Jackson and C. H. Caldwell},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds165336}
}
@misc{fds165337,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr},
Title = {"Economic Inequality and the Black Diaspora"},
Pages = {1-43},
Booktitle = {The Black Condition},
Editor = {H. Dodson and C. Palmer},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds165337}
}
@article{fds289116,
Author = {Darity, WA and Triplett, RE},
Title = {Ethnicity and economic development},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {262-277},
Booktitle = {International Handbook of Economic Development},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar},
Editor = {Amitava Dutt and Jaime Ros},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds289116}
}
@article{fds289188,
Author = {Bogan, V and Darity, W},
Title = {Culture and entrepreneurship? African American and immigrant
self-employment in the United States},
Journal = {The Journal of Socio-Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1999-2019},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1053-5357},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2007.10.010},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes the evolution of African American
entrepreneurship by comparing the patterns of development of
African American entrepreneurship and immigrant
entrepreneurship. Whereas most literature focuses on African
American culture as the reason for limited entrepreneurial
success compared to certain immigrant groups, this paper
examines how social, economic, and political forces have
adversely influenced the development of Black
entrepreneurship compared to various immigrant groups. Using
90 years of census data, we also find empirical support
consistent with our assertion that many immigrants have
resources (not available to native non-Whites) that
facilitate entrepreneurship. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socec.2007.10.010},
Key = {fds289188}
}
@article{fds289194,
Author = {Golash Boza and T and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Latino Racial Choices},
Journal = {Ethnic and Racial Studies},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {899-934},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0141-9870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870701568858},
Doi = {10.1080/01419870701568858},
Key = {fds289194}
}
@article{fds289195,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Forty Acres and a Mule in the 21st Century*},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Pages = {656-664},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0038-4941},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2008.00555.x},
Abstract = {<jats:p>In general, a program of reparations is intended to
achieve three objectives: acknowledgment of a grievous
injustice, redress for the injustice, and closure of the
grievances held by the group subjected to the injustice.
Three types of injustices motivate a program of reparations
for black Americans: slavery, the nearly century‐long Jim
Crow regime following Reconstruction, and ongoing
discrimination. Inauguration of a reparations program on
behalf of black Americans preferably will be undertaken via
legislative action at the federal level, rather than by
judicial fiat. Logistical issues addressed in the article
include determination of the magnitude of the reparations
bill and the criteria to be used to identify those eligible
to receive reparations. The present day value of 40 acres
and a mule can provide the foundation for the calculation of
the magnitude of reparations owed to black
Americans.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6237.2008.00555.x},
Key = {fds289195}
}
@article{fds289173,
Author = {Hamilton, D and Goldsmith, AH and Darity, W},
Title = {Measuring the Wage Costs of Limited English},
Journal = {Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {257-279},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0739-9863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986308320470},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Scholars have found that poor English proficiency
is negatively associated with wages using self-reported
measures. However, these estimates may suffer from
misclassification bias. Interviewer ratings are likely to
more accurately proxy employer assessment of worker language
ability. Using self-reported and interviewer ratings from
the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality, the authors
estimate the impact of English proficiency on wages for men
( n = 267) and women ( n = 178) with Mexican ancestry
residing in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Use of
interviewer proficiency ratings suggests a larger and more
gradational language penalty as fluency falls, and women
face a stronger penalty than their male counterparts.
Moreover, controlling for worker accent and skin shade does
little to alter these effects. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1177/0739986308320470},
Key = {fds289173}
}
@article{fds304161,
Author = {Golash-Boza, T and Darity, W},
Title = {Latino racial choices: the effects of skin colour and
discrimination on Latinos’ and Latinas’ racial
self-identifications},
Journal = {Ethnic and Racial Studies},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {899-934},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0141-9870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870701568858},
Abstract = {Are predictions that Hispanics will make up 25 per cent of
the US population in 2050 reliable? The authors of this
paper argue that these and other predictions are problematic
insofar as they do not account for the volatile nature of
Latino racial and ethnic identifications. In this light, the
authors propose a theoretical framework that can be used to
predict Latinos' and Latinas' racial choices. This framework
is tested using two distinct datasets - the 1989 Latino
National Political Survey and the 2002 National Survey of
Latinos. The results from the analyses of both of these
surveys lend credence to the authors' claims that Latinas'
and Latinos' skin colour and experiences of discrimination
affect whether people from Latin America and their
descendants who live in the US will choose to identify
racially as black, white or Latina/o.},
Doi = {10.1080/01419870701568858},
Key = {fds304161}
}
@article{fds289192,
Author = {Coleman, MG and Darity Jr. and WA and Sharpe, RV},
Title = {Are Reports of Discrimination Valid? Considering the
Moral Hazard Effect},
Journal = {The American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {2},
Pages = {149-175},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-9246},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.2008.00566.x},
Abstract = {<jats:p><jats:bold>A<jats:sc>bstract</jats:sc>. </jats:bold>
Antidiscrimination laws are designed to prompt employers to
stop excluding black workers from jobs they offer and from
treating them unequally with respect to promotion and
salaries once on the job. However, a moral hazard effect can
arise if the existence of the laws leads black employees to
bring unjustified claims of discrimination against
employers. It has been argued that employers may become more
reluctant to hire black workers for fear of being subjected
to frivolous lawsuits.</jats:p><jats:p>Using the
Multi‐City Study of Urban Inequality (MCSUI), we find that
male and female black workers are far more likely than
whites to report racial discrimination at work. This is the
case even when a host of human capital and labor market
factors are controlled for. Further, nearly all black
workers who report they have been discriminated against on
the job in the MCSUI Surveys also show statistical evidence
of wage discrimination. This is not the case for white males
or females. We find little evidence to support a moral
hazard effect.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2008.00566.x},
Key = {fds289192}
}
@misc{fds322274,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {African American reparations, Keynes, and the transfer
problem},
Pages = {199-206},
Booktitle = {Keynes for the Twenty-First Century: The Continuing
Relevance of The General Theory},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan US},
Editor = {Matthew Forstater and L. Randall Wray},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780230605817},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230611139},
Doi = {10.1057/9780230611139},
Key = {fds322274}
}
@article{fds289191,
Author = {Price, GN and Darity, WA and Headen, AE},
Title = {Does the stigma of slavery explain the maltreatment of
blacks by whites?: The case of lynchings},
Journal = {The Journal of Socio-Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {167-193},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1053-5357},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2007.06.001},
Abstract = {This paper explores whether the stigma of slavery can
explain the maltreatment of blacks by whites by considering
the effects former slave status had on a brutal form of
maltreatment-lynching. Parameter estimates from shared
frailty Cox proportional hazard specifications reveal that
consistent with a theory of stigma in which former slave
status conditions maltreatment, former slaves were frail-or
more likely to be subjected to lynching. Overall, our
parameter estimates suggest that while the stigma of slavery
has some power in explaining the inferior outcomes blacks
realize in their interactions with whites, race and the race
discrimination engendered by job competition are more
important explanatory factors. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socec.2007.06.001},
Key = {fds289191}
}
@misc{fds152515,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr. (editor in chief)},
Title = {International Encylopedia of the Social Sciences},
Publisher = {Thomson-Gale (Macmillan Reference)},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds152515}
}
@article{fds289189,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {From Dark to Light: Skin Color and Wages Among African
Americans},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {701-738},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {This paper develops and tests a theory, referred to as
"preference for whiteness," which predicts that the
interracial (white-black) and intraracial wage gap widens as
the skin shade of the black worker darkens. Using data drawn
from the Multi City Study of Urban Inequality and the
National Survey of Black Americans, we report evidence
largely consistent with the theory. Moreover, we decompose
the estimated interracial and intraracial wage gaps, and
find that favorable treatment of lighter-skinned workers is
a major source of interracial and intraracial wage
differences as predicted by the theory. © 2007 by the Board
of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Key = {fds289189}
}
@article{fds289190,
Author = {Marsh, K and Darity, WA and Cohen, PN and Casper, LM and Salters,
D},
Title = {The emerging black middle class: Single and living
alone},
Journal = {Social Forces},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {735-762},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/86.2.735},
Abstract = {The literature on the black middle class has focused
predominantly on married-couple families with children,
reflecting a conception of the black middle class as
principally composed of this family type. If that conception
is correct, then declining rates of marriage and
childrearing would imply a decline in the presence and
vitality of the black middle class. Indeed, this is the
implication that researchers typically draw from the decline
in black marriage rates. However, an alternative view
suggests that the decline in marriage and childrearing is
producing a shift in the types of households comprising the
black middle class. This paper assesses - and affirms - that
alternative view. This research shows that, indeed,
never-married singles who live alone (Love Jones Cohort)
constitute a rapidly growing segment of the black middle
class, a development which requires rethinking how the black
middle class is conceptualized and studied. © The
University of North Carolina Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/sf/86.2.735},
Key = {fds289190}
}
@article{fds289200,
Author = {Goldsmith, A and Hamilton, D and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Does A Foot-in-the-Door Matter? White-Nonwhite Differences
in Wage Returns to Tenure and Prior Workplace
Experience},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {285-305},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds289200}
}
@article{fds289201,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity, W},
Title = {Shades of Discrimination: Skin Tone and Wages},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {96},
Number = {2},
Pages = {242-245},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282806777212152},
Doi = {10.1257/000282806777212152},
Key = {fds289201}
}
@article{fds289168,
Author = {Darity, WA and Chen, TTL and Tuthill, RW and Buchanan, DR and Winder,
AE and Stanek, E and Cernada, GP and Pastides, H},
Title = {A multi-city community based smoking research intervention
project in the African-American population.},
Journal = {International quarterly of community health
education},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {323-336},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0272-684X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17890179},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To carry out a community-based research
approach to determine the most effective educational
interventions to reduce smoking among African-American
smokers. The intervention included preparation of the
community, planning and developing a model of change, and
developing a community-based intervention. The study
population consisted of 2,544 randomly selected adult
African-American smokers residing in four sites in the
northeastern and southeastern parts of the United States.
The research design provided a comparison of active
intervention sites with passive control sites as well as low
income and moderate income areas.<h4>Major outcome
measures</h4>Point prevalence of non-smoking at the time of
interview; Period prevalence of non-smoking at the time of
interview; Period prevalence of quit attempts in the prior
six months; Number of smoke-free days in the prior six
months; Number of cigarettes smoked daily at the time of
interview.<h4>Results</h4>Based upon a survey eighteen
months after baseline data was collected, all four measures
of cigarette smoking behavior showed a strong statistically
significant reduction of personal smoking behavior among
those receiving active interventions versus the passive
group. On the basis of process variable analysis, direct
contact with the project staff in the prior six months was
significantly higher in the active intervention areas. There
was only a small non-significant increase in personal
smoking behavior in moderate income groups as opposed to low
income groups.<h4>Conclusion</h4>An analysis of process
variables strongly suggests that, within this
African-American Community, "hands on" or "face to face"
approaches along with mass media, mailings, and other less
personal approaches were more effective in reducing personal
smoking behavior than media, mailings, and other impersonal
approaches alone addressed to large audiences.},
Doi = {10.2190/iq.26.4.b},
Key = {fds289168}
}
@article{fds289171,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Hamilton, D and Darity, W},
Title = {Does a foot in the door matter? white-nonwhite differences
in the wage return to tenure and prior workplace
experience},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {267-306},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20111892},
Abstract = {The theory of ability misperception posits that employers
will offer greater rewards to whites than nonwhites for
similar levels of prior experience (Proposition 1) but that
racial/ethnic differences in the return to additional tenure
or seniority with the current employer will be smaller
(Proposition 2). To advance the existing empirical
literature, this paper evaluates the validity of these
propositions by using data on black, Latino, and white
workers drawn from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality.
The analysis is conducted separately for women and men and
controls for a wider range of workplace setting descriptors
than was used in previous studies. Our results offer support
for Proposition 1 and for Proposition 2. We find that
nonwhites, regardless of job setting, receive relatively
poor returns to prior workplace experience (the lone
exception is Latinas). Second, nonwhites typically receive
greater wage gains for accumulating additional tenure than
whites.},
Doi = {10.2307/20111892},
Key = {fds289171}
}
@misc{fds346369,
Author = {Darity, W and Young, W},
Title = {On rewriting chapter 2 of the general theory keynes’s
concept of involuntary unemployment},
Pages = {20-27},
Booktitle = {A 'Second Edition' of the General Theory},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415406994},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203980316-13},
Abstract = {Maynard Keynes did not tend to look backward. Instead of
continuously resurrecting positions he had taken at earlier
stages of his intellectual development as an economist, his
inclination was to layout his latest position in an entirely
new work. Perhaps the most dramatic instance of this impulse
is the transition from the argument in his Treatise on Monry
to the argument in his General Theory if Emplqyment,
Interest and Monry; in the latter, Keynes had little to say
about the former work.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203980316-13},
Key = {fds346369}
}
@article{fds289170,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Acting white [2]},
Journal = {Education Next},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {6-},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1539-9672},
Key = {fds289170}
}
@article{fds289193,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA and Mason, P and Stewart, J},
Title = {The Economics of Identity: The Origin and Persistence of
Racial Identity Norms},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {285-305},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2004.09.005},
Abstract = {This study uses evolutionary game theory to model the
relationship between racial identity formation and
inter-racial disparities in economic and non-economic
outcomes. Starting with a fixed population of persons who
are easily identified according to an exogenous criterion,
for example, phenotype, we then allow individuals to pursue
either a racialist or an individualist identity strategy in
social interactions. The formation of identity norms imposes
both positive and negative externalities on each person's
identity actions. There are forces in the model that might
push society toward racialism, individualism, or a mixed
identity equilibrium, depending on matching assumptions,
dynamic assumptions, parameter values, and initial
conditions. © 2005.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2004.09.005},
Key = {fds289193}
}
@article{fds289199,
Author = {Dietrich, J and Hamilton, D and Darity, WA},
Title = {Bleach in the Rainbow: Latin Ethnicity and Preference for
Whiteness},
Journal = {Transforming Anthropology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {103-109},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds289199}
}
@article{fds289196,
Author = {Mason, PL and Myers, SL and Darity, WA},
Title = {Is there racism in economic research?},
Journal = {European Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {755-761},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0176-2680},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.07.005},
Abstract = {This paper examines the issue of racism in economic
research. Black and non-black scholars do see the world
differently. Black authors are 13% more likely to report a
finding of racial discrimination against blacks.
Additionally, among the profession as a whole, there is a
continuous long-term trend against published studies finding
racial discrimination in the economics of crime, credit, or
labor markets. Further, papers published in The Review of
Black Political Economy (RBPE) - a black controlled
economics journal - receive nearly four fewer citations than
papers published in the average economics journals, while
papers published in the top-tier journals receive a premium
of more than eight citations relative to the average
economics journal. Finally, black authors were slightly less
likely to publish in top-tier journals. © 2004 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.07.005},
Key = {fds289196}
}
@article{fds289198,
Author = {Tyson, K and Darity, W and Castellino, DR},
Title = {It's Not “a Black Thing”: Understanding the Burden of
Acting White and Other Dilemmas of High Achievement},
Journal = {American Sociological Review},
Volume = {70},
Number = {4},
Pages = {582-605},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-1224},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240507000403},
Abstract = {<jats:p> For two decades the acting white hypothesis—the
premise that black students are driven toward low school
performance because of racialized peer pressure—has served
as an explanation for the black-white achievement gap.
Fordham and Ogbu proposed that black youths sabotage their
own school careers by taking an oppositional stance toward
academic achievement. Using interviews and existing data
from eight North Carolina secondary public schools, this
article shows that black adolescents are generally
achievement oriented and that racialized peer pressure
against high academic achievement is not prevalent in all
schools. The analysis also shows important similarities in
the experiences of black and white high-achieving students,
indicating that dilemmas of high achievement are
generalizable beyond a specific group. Typically,
highachieving students, regardless of race, are to some
degree stigmatized as “nerds” or “geeks.” The data
suggest that school structures, rather than culture, may
help explain when this stigma becomes racialized, producing
a burden of acting white for black adolescents, and when it
becomes class-based, producing a burden of “acting high
and mighty” for low-income whites. Recognizing the
similarities in these processes can help us refocus and
refine understandings of the black-white achievement gap.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1177/000312240507000403},
Key = {fds289198}
}
@article{fds289202,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Stratification Economics},
Journal = {Journal of Ecoomics and Finance},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {144-153},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds289202}
}
@article{fds289167,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Stratification economics: The role of intergroup
inequality},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {144-153},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1055-0925},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02761550},
Doi = {10.1007/bf02761550},
Key = {fds289167}
}
@article{fds289166,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Afro-Mexicano symposium: An introduction},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-48},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-005-1031-9},
Abstract = {The very construction of the notion of the "mestizo"
("mestizaje") as the Mexican racial archetype-an admixture
of Spanish ancestry and native ancestry-systematically omits
the African origins of the Mexican population. Based upon
longstanding American norms of race classification, there
are regions of Mexico where people bear a phenotypical
resemblance to African Americans. These include Veracruz,
Oaxaca, and the Costa Chica zones in particular. Thus, it
continues to be critical to recover Mexico's African past
or, more precisely, Mexico's history as a black
country.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-005-1031-9},
Key = {fds289166}
}
@article{fds289169,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Interrogating unstable boundaries: An introduction},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {69-72},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-005-1016-8},
Abstract = {In late April 2002 the Institute of African American
Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
held a major interdisciplinary and multimedia conference
entitled "Dialogues on Race and Identity: A Tomming and
Passing Symposium." The conference was devoted to
interrogation of the construction of racial identity,
patterns of denigration of the "other," and patterns of
escape or flight from race classification that places one in
a subaltern group that usually results in the attempt to
acquire the status of the oppressor group.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-005-1016-8},
Key = {fds289169}
}
@article{fds289203,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Growth, trade and uneven development},
Journal = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {141-170},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei003},
Abstract = {Theories of growth and international trade are reviewed
critically from the perspective of understanding persistent
inter-country and inter-regional income inequality. Three
separate literatures are considered for the insights they
offer about international disparity: Classical political
economy, the North-South trade models, and the 'new' growth
and trade theories that incorporate increasing returns
and/or product differentiation. Classical antecedents of the
more recent theories are identified, and contrasts are drawn
between structuralist and neoclassical approaches to
explaining the income gap between rich and poor nations. ©
Cambridge Political Economy Society 2005; all rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/cje/bei003},
Key = {fds289203}
}
@misc{fds52281,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr. and M. Nicholson},
Title = {Racial Wealth Inequality and the Black Family},
Pages = {78-85},
Booktitle = {African American Family Life; Ecological and Cultural
Diversity},
Publisher = {New York: The Guilford Press},
Editor = {V.C. McLoyd and N.E. Hill and K.A. Dodge},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds52281}
}
@misc{fds52282,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr.},
Title = {Africa, Europe and Origins of Uneven Development: The Role
of Slavery},
Pages = {14-19},
Booktitle = {African Americans in the U.S. Economy},
Publisher = {Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield},
Editor = {C. Conrad and J. Whitehead and P. Mason and J.
Stewart},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds52282}
}
@misc{fds323618,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mason, PL},
Title = {Evidence on discrimination in employment: Codes of color,
codes of gender},
Pages = {156-186},
Booktitle = {The African American Urban Experience: Perspectives from the
Colonial Period to the Present},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780312294649},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403979162},
Doi = {10.1057/9781403979162},
Key = {fds323618}
}
@article{fds289095,
Author = {Young, W and Leeson, R and Darity, W},
Title = {Economics, economists and expectations: From
microfoundations to macroapplications},
Journal = {Economics, Economists and Expectations: From
Microfoundations to Macroapplications},
Pages = {1-160},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203357934},
Abstract = {The concept of rational expectations has played a hugely
important role in economics over the years. Dealing with the
origins and development of modern approaches to expectations
in micro and macroeconomics, this book makes use of primary
sources and previously unpublished material from such
figures as Hicks, Hawtrey and Hart. The accounts of the
'founding fathers' of the models themselves are also
presented here for the first time. The authors trace the
development of different approaches to expectations from the
likes of Hayek, Morgenstern, and Coase right up to more
modern theorists such as Friedman, Patinkin, Phelps and
Lucas. The startling conclusion that there was no 'Rational
Expectations Revolution' is articulated, supported and
defended with impressive clarity and authority. A necessity
for economists across the world, this book will deserve its
place upon many an academic bookshelf.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203357934},
Key = {fds289095}
}
@article{fds289217,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Sedo, S and Darity, W and Hamilton,
D},
Title = {The labor supply consequences of perceptions of employer
discrimination during search and on-the-job: Integrating
neoclassical theory and cognitive dissonance},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-39},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0167-4870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4870(02)00210-6},
Abstract = {This paper offers a theory of how a person's perception that
they face discrimination during job search influences their
labor supply, and provides evidence on the relation between
this form of perceived discrimination and subsequent labor
supply. The theory is developed by extending the
neoclassical theory of labor supply to incorporate the
insights of Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance. A
unique feature of our theory is that a person seeks
simultaneously both an economic objective - utility
maximization - and psychological balance.The theory we
advance predicts that a person who faces job search
discrimination is thrust into an unbalanced psychological
state. This person will make cognitive adjustments to renew
psychological balance. They are likely to change their
beliefs about the quality of the job that they can expect to
attain, which provides an incentive to reduce their labor
supply. Alternatively, they may decide that a resume with
more work experience is a superior way to restore cognitive
consistency. This resume-based strategy generates an impulse
to enhance labor supply. Therefore, efforts to restore
psychological balance after exposure to job search
discrimination may, on net, affect labor supply. Using data
drawn from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality (MCSUI)
this paper offers estimates of the impact on subsequent
labor supply of perceived discrimination due to race,
ethnicity, or gender while seeking a job and while
on-the-job. © 2002 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-4870(02)00210-6},
Key = {fds289217}
}
@article{fds289164,
Author = {Young, W and Darity, WA},
Title = {IS-LM-BP: An Inquest},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {Suppl 1},
Pages = {127-164},
Booktitle = {The IS-LM Model: Its Rise, Fall and Strange
Persistence},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Michael De Vroey and Kevin Hoover},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-Suppl_1-127},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-36-Suppl_1-127},
Key = {fds289164}
}
@book{fds31583,
Author = {darity and Warren Young and Robert Leeson and William Darity
Jr.},
Title = {Economics, Economists, and Expectations: Microfoundations to
Macroapplications},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds31583}
}
@article{fds289106,
Author = {Mason, PL and Darity, WA},
Title = {Racial discrimination in the labor market},
Journal = {Race, Liberalism, and Economics},
Pages = {182-204},
Booktitle = {Race , Liberalism and Economics},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Editor = {David Colander and Robert Prasch and Falguni A.
Sheth},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {There is substantial racial disparity in the American
economy, and a major cause of this is discriminatory
treatment within labor markets. The evidence is ubiquitous
and includes careful research studies that estimate wage and
employment regressions, help-wanted advertisements, audit
and correspondence studies, and discrimination suits that
are often reported by the news media. Yet there is broad
agreement that there have been periods of substantial
progress. For example, Donohue and Heckman (1991) provide
widely accepted evidence that racial discrimination declined
during the decade 1965-75. Nevertheless, there are some
unanswered questions. Why did the movement toward racial
equality stagnate and eventually decline after the
mid-1970S? What is the role of the competitive process in
the elimination or reproduction of discrimination within the
labor market? In this chapter, we review recent literature
on these topics. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the signal
event that brought abrupt changes in the black-white
earnings differential (Bound and Freeman 1989; Card and
Krueger 1992; Donohue and Heckman 1991; Freeman 1973). Prior
to passage of the federal civil rights legislation of the
1960s, racial exclusion was blatant. The adverse effects of
discriminatory practices on the life chances of African
Americans in particular during that period have been well
documented (Wilson 1980; Myers and Spriggs 1997,32-42;
Lieberson 1980). Cordero-Guzman (1990, I) observes that "up
until the early 1960s, and particularly in the south, most
blacks were systematically denied equal access to
opportunities and in many instances, individuals with
adequate credentials or skills were not, legally, allowed to
apply to certain positions in firms." Competitive market
forces did not eliminate these discriminatory practices in
the decades leading up to the 1960s. They remained until the
federal adoption of antidiscrimination laws. Newspaper
help-wanted advertisements provide a vivid illustration of
how open and visible such practices were. We did an informal
survey of the employment section of major daily newspapers
from three northern cities (the Chicago Tribune, the Los
Angeles Times, and the New York Times) and from the nation's
capital (the Washington Post) at five-year intervals from
1945 to 1965. (Examples from newspapers from southern cities
are even more vivid.) Many advertisements in the 1960s
explicitly indicated the employers' preference for
applicants of a particular race, far more often for white
applicants. Representative advertisements appear in table I.
Among the newspaper editions we examined, the Washington
Post of January 3, 1960, had the most examples of
help-wanted ads showing racial preference, again largely for
whites. Nancy Lee's employment service even ran an
advertisement for a switchboard operator-presumably never
actually seen by callers-requesting that all women applying
be white. Advertisements also frequently included details
about the age range desired from applicants, such as men
aged 21-30 or women aged 18-25. Moreover, employers also
showed little compunction about specifying precise physical
attributes desired in applicants. I In January 1965,
following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, none
of the newspapers we examined carried help-wanted ads that
included any explicit preference for "white" or "colored"
applicants. However, it became very common in the mid-1960s
to see advertisements for "European" housekeepers (a trend
that was already visible as early as 1960). While race no
longer entered the help-wanted pages explicitly, national
origin or ancestry seemed to function as a substitute.
Especially revealing is an advertisement run by the Amity
Agency in the New York Times on January 3, 1965, informing
potential employers, "Amity Has Domestics": "Scottish Gals"
at $150 a month as "mothers helpers and housekeepers";
"German Gals" at $175 a month on one-year contracts; and
"Haitian Gals," who are "French speaking," at $130 a month.
Moreover, in January 1965, prospective female employees
still were indicating their own race in the "Situations
Wanted" section of the newspaper. The case of the
help-wanted pages of the New York Times is of special note
because New York was one of the states that had in place
long prior to the passage of the federal Civil Rights Act of
1964 both a law against discrimination and a state
commission against discrimination. However, the
toothlessness of New York's state commission is well
demonstrated by the fact that employers continued to
indicate their racial preferences for new hires in
help-wanted ads, as well as by descriptions of personal
experience, such as that of John A. Williams in his
semiautobiographical novel The Angry Ones ([1960]
1996,30-31). Help-wanted ads were only the tip of the
iceberg of the process of racial exclusion in employment.
After all, there is no reason to believe that the employers
who did not indicate a racial preference in ads were
entirely open-minded about their applicant pool. How
successful has the passage of federal antidiscrimination
legislation in the 1960s been in producing an
equal-opportunity environment where job applicants are now
evaluated on their qualifications? To give away the answer
at the outset, our response is that discrimination by race
has diminished somewhat but is not close to ending. The
Civil Rights Act of 1964 and subsequent related legislation
has purged American society of the most overt forms of
discrimination. However, discriminatory practices have
continued in a more covert and subtle form. Furthermore,
racial discrimination is masked and rationalized by widely
held presumptions of African American inferiority. © 2004
by University of Michigan Press. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds289106}
}
@article{fds289108,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Racial and ethnic economic inequality: A cross-national
perspective},
Journal = {Race, Poverty, and Domestic Policy},
Pages = {83-95},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds289108}
}
@article{fds289165,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {The wellspring of racial inequality},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {61-68},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-004-1025-z},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-004-1025-z},
Key = {fds289165}
}
@article{fds289163,
Author = {Darity, Jr, W},
Title = {Will the Poor Always be with Us?},
Journal = {Review of Social Economy},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {471-477},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0034-6764},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0034676032000160930},
Doi = {10.1080/0034676032000160930},
Key = {fds289163}
}
@article{fds289094,
Author = {Deshpande, A and Darity, W},
Title = {Boundaries of clan and color: Transnational comparisons of
inter-group disparity},
Journal = {Boundaries of Clan and Color: Transnational Comparisons of
Inter-Group Disparity},
Pages = {1-180},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203987711},
Abstract = {Economic disparity between ethnic and racial groups is a
ubiquitous and pervasive phenomenon internationally. Gaps
between groups encompass employment, wage, occupational
status and wealth differentials. Virtually every nation is
comprised of a group whose material well-being is sharply
depressed in comparison with another, socially dominant
group. This collection is a cross-national, comparative
investigation of the patterns and dynamics of inter-group
economic inequality. A wide range of respected experts
discuss such issues as: A wide range of groups from the
Burakumin in Japan to the scheduled castes and tribes in
India. Policy attempts to remedy intergroup inequality. Race
and labor market outcomes in Brazil. Under the impressive
editorship of William Darity Jr and Ashwini Deshpande, this
collection forms an important book. It will be of interest
to students and academics involved in racial studies, the
economics of discrimination and labor economics as well as
policy makers around the world.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203987711},
Key = {fds289094}
}
@article{fds289197,
Author = {Darity, W and Frank, D},
Title = {The Economics of Reparations},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {326-329},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803321947281},
Doi = {10.1257/000282803321947281},
Key = {fds289197}
}
@article{fds289216,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Employment discrimination, segregation, and
health.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {226-231},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12554574},
Abstract = {The author examines available evidence on the effects of
exposure to joblessness on emotional well-being according to
race and sex. The impact of racism on general health
outcomes also is considered, particularly racism in the
specific form of wage discrimination. Perceptions of racism
and measured exposures to racism may be distinct triggers
for adverse health outcomes. Whether the effects of racism
are best evaluated on the basis of self-classification or
social classification of racial identity is unclear. Some
research sorts between the effects of race and socioeconomic
status on health. The development of a new longitudinal
database will facilitate more accurate identification of
connections between racism and negative health
effects.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.93.2.226},
Key = {fds289216}
}
@misc{fds31589,
Author = {Lisa Saunders and W. A. Darity Jr.},
Title = {Feminist Theory and Racial Economics Inequality},
Booktitle = {Feminist Economics Today: Beyond Economic
Man},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Marianne Ferber and Julie Nelson},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds31589}
}
@article{fds289111,
Author = {Horn, BL and Lawlor, MS and Darity, WA},
Title = {Finance and competition},
Journal = {Development Economics and Structuralist Macroeconomics:
Essays in Honor of Lance Taylor},
Pages = {107-135},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781950081.00016},
Doi = {10.4337/9781781950081.00016},
Key = {fds289111}
}
@article{fds289208,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"Give Affirmative Action Time to Act"},
Journal = {The Chronicle of Higher Education},
Pages = {B18},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds289208}
}
@article{fds289215,
Author = {Darity, W and Hamilton, D and Dietrich, J},
Title = {Passing on blackness: Latinos, race, and earnings in the
USA},
Journal = {Applied Economics Letters},
Volume = {9},
Number = {13},
Pages = {847-853},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1350-4851},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504850210149133},
Doi = {10.1080/13504850210149133},
Key = {fds289215}
}
@article{fds52280,
Author = {W.A. Darity Jr.},
Title = {Intergroup Disparity: Why Culture Is Irrelevant},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {77-90},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds52280}
}
@article{fds289218,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Intergroup Disparity: Why Culture Is Irrelevant},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {77-90},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds289218}
}
@misc{fds13095,
Author = {W.A. Darity},
Title = {"Racial/Ethnic Disparity and Econmic Development"},
Pages = {126-136},
Booktitle = {A Post-Keynesian Perspective on Twenty-First Century
Economic Problems},
Publisher = {Northampton: Edward Elgar},
Editor = {Paul Davidson},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds13095}
}
@article{fds289212,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA and Young, W},
Title = {The Early History of Rational and Implicit
Expectations},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {773-814},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-33-4-773},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-33-4-773},
Key = {fds289212}
}
@article{fds289210,
Author = {Dietrich, J and Guilkey, DK and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Persistent Advantage or Disadvantage?: Evidence in Support
of the Intergenerational Drag Hypothesis},
Journal = {The American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {435-470},
Year = {2001},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds289210}
}
@misc{fds13101,
Author = {W.A. Darity and Samuel L. Myers, Jr.},
Title = {"Racial Economic Inequality in the USA"},
Pages = {178-195},
Booktitle = {The Blackwell Companion to Socioloty},
Publisher = {Oxford: Blackwell Publishers},
Editor = {Judith R. Blau},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds13101}
}
@article{fds289162,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Why did black relative earnings surge in the early
1990s?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Issues},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {533-542},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2001.11506388},
Doi = {10.1080/00213624.2001.11506388},
Key = {fds289162}
}
@article{fds289213,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"End of Race?"},
Journal = {Transforming Anthropology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-43},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds289213}
}
@article{fds289214,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"The Functionality of Market-Based Discrimination"},
Journal = {International Journal of Social Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {10},
Pages = {980-986},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006135},
Abstract = {Advances a framework for understanding the mechanisms that
maintain unearned or inherited advantage or privilege in a
hierarchical world of unequal rewards and differential
opportunity. Central in this framework is the presence of a
dominant group and a subaltern group in an environment where
there is rivalry over social rewards. A dominant group can
seek to structure and control access to the credentials
required for preferred positions to insure admission of
their own and to keep out others. This could involve, for
example, deprivation of subaltern group members of
schooling, both in quantity and quality. In other words, the
dominant group can take steps to influence the "premarket"
characteristics of the members of the subaltern group to the
disadvantage of the latter. The dominant group emphasizes
the cultural, cognitive, or motivational deficiences of the
subaltern group significantly by silently rendering them
non-competing, all the while denying any discrimination. ©
MCB University , 0306-8293.},
Doi = {10.1108/eum0000000006135},
Key = {fds289214}
}
@article{fds289205,
Author = {Deshpande, A and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Tracing the Divide: Intergroup Disparity Across
Countries},
Journal = {Eastern Economic Journal},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-85},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds289205}
}
@article{fds289207,
Author = {Deshpande, A and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Intergroup Economic Inequality Across Countries: An
Introductory Essay},
Journal = {Review of Social Economy},
Volume = {58},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-276},
Year = {2000},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds289207}
}
@article{fds289206,
Author = {Ertürk, K and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Secular Changes in the Gender Composition of Employment and
Growth Dynamics in the North and the South},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {28},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1231-1238},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00024-3},
Abstract = {In a simple theoretical exercise, the paper shows that
gender relations matter in the standard analysis of trade
liberalization and economic growth. It utilizes a model with
the two differential equations, phase diagram technique
which enables us to examine the cumulative interaction
between economic growth and changes in the female share of
employment. The model shows that changes in the gender
composition of employment caused by a new global division of
labor between the North and the South can thwart the
economic benefits customarily associated with trade
liberalization in both regions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science
Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00024-3},
Key = {fds289206}
}
@misc{fds13104,
Author = {W.A. Darity and Samuel Myers, Jr.},
Title = {"Languishing in Inequality: Racial Disparities in Wealth and
Earnings in the New Millenium"},
Pages = {86-118},
Booktitle = {New Directions: African Americans in a Diversifying
Nation},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: National Policy Association},
Editor = {James S. Jackson},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds13104}
}
@misc{fds13107,
Author = {W.A. Darity},
Title = {"Economic Aspects of the British Trade in Slaves: A Fresh
Look at the Evidence from the 1789 Report of the Lords of
Trade"},
Pages = {137-153},
Booktitle = {Capitalism and Slavery Fifty Years Later: Eric Eustace
Williams--A Reassessment of the Man and His
Work},
Publisher = {New York: Peter Lang, Inc.},
Editor = {Heather Cateau and S.H.H. Carrington},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds13107}
}
@misc{fds13108,
Author = {W.A. Darity and S.L. Myers, Jr.},
Title = {"The Impact of Labor Market Prospects on Incarceration
Rates"},
Pages = {279-307},
Booktitle = {Prosperity For All? The Economic Boom and African
Americans},
Publisher = {New York: Russell Sage Foundation},
Editor = {Robert Cherry and William M. Rodgers III},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds13108}
}
@article{fds289160,
Author = {Nembhard, JG and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Cross-national comparisons of racial and ethnic economic
inequality: Racial and ethnic economic inequality: The
international record},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {90},
Number = {2},
Pages = {308-311},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds289160}
}
@article{fds289161,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Motivation and labor market outcomes},
Journal = {Research in Labor Economics},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {109-146},
Booktitle = {Research in Labor Economics, Volume 19: Worker
Well-Being},
Publisher = {New York: JAI/Elsevier Sciences},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0147-9121},
Key = {fds289161}
}
@article{fds289209,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA and Young, W},
Title = {"Reply to Ahiakpor"},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {915-918},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds289209}
}
@article{fds289211,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"Working Hard for the Money? Efficiency Wages and Worker
Effort"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {351-385},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4870(00)00008-8},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-4870(00)00008-8},
Key = {fds289211}
}
@article{fds289204,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {"Who Loses From Unemployment"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Issues},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {491-496},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1999.11506182},
Doi = {10.1080/00213624.1999.11506182},
Key = {fds289204}
}
@misc{fds13112,
Author = {W.A. Darity},
Title = {"Harris, Abram Lincoln, Jr."},
Pages = {290-292},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of African American Business
History},
Publisher = {Westport: Greenwood Press},
Editor = {Juliet E.K. Walker},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds13112}
}
@misc{fds13114,
Author = {W.A. Darity and Arthur Goldsmith and Jonathan
Veum},
Title = {"Unemployment and Well-Being"},
Pages = {582-90},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to Consumer Research and Economic
Psychology},
Publisher = {Chelterham: Edward Elgar},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds13114}
}
@misc{fds13115,
Author = {W.A. Darity},
Title = {"History, Discrimination and Racial Inequality"},
Pages = {153-166},
Booktitle = {The Impact of Color-Consciousness in the United States: The
State of Black America, 1999},
Publisher = {New York: The National Urban League},
Editor = {William Spriggs},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds13115}
}
@article{fds289159,
Author = {Ards, SD and Darity, WA and Myers, SL},
Title = {"If It Shall Seem Just and Proper": the Effect of Race and
Morals On Alimony and Child Support Appeals in the District
of Columbia, 1950-1980},
Journal = {Journal of Family History},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {441-475},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1998},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0363-1990},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909802300406},
Abstract = {<jats:p> This article tests the hypothesis that judicial
arbitrariness dominated alimony or child support appeals in
the pre-no-fault era by analyzing data on all alimony and
child support appeals in the District of Columbia from 1950
through 1980. Censored regression analysis is used to
isolate the impacts of race and morals grounds for divorce
on changes in alimony and child support awards from trial to
appeal. The results show large race effects but small morals
effects. Judicial discretion—measured by unexplained gaps
in awards—dominated relevant eco nomic factors in
determining changes in alimony and child support awards
during the pre-no-fault era. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1177/036319909802300406},
Key = {fds289159}
}
@article{fds289154,
Author = {Darity, WA and Mason, PL},
Title = {Evidence on Discrimination in Employment: Codes of Color,
Codes of Gender},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {63-90},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1998},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.2.63},
Abstract = {<jats:p> There is substantial racial and gender disparity in
the American economy. As we will demonstrate, discriminatory
treatment within the labor market is a major cause of this
inequality. Yet, there appear to have been particular
periods in which racial minorities, and then women,
experienced substantial reductions in economic disparity and
discrimination. Some questions remain: Why did the movement
toward racial equality stagnate after the mid-1970s? What
factors are most responsible for the remaining gender
inequality? What is the role of the competitive process in
elimination or reproduction of discrimination in employment?
How successful has the passage of federal antidiscrimination
legislation in the 1960s been in producing an equal
opportunity environment where job applicants are now
evaluated on their qualifications? To give away the answer
at the outset, discrimination by race has diminished
somewhat, and discrimination by gender has diminished
substantially; neither employment discrimination by race or
by gender is close to ending. The Civil Rights Act of 1964
and subsequent related legislation has purged American
society of the most overt forms of discrimination, while
discriminatory practices have continued in more covert and
subtle forms. Furthermore, racial discrimination is masked
and rationalized by widely-held presumptions of black
inferiority. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.12.2.63},
Key = {fds289154}
}
@article{fds289158,
Author = {Gibson, KJ and Darity, WA and Myers, SL},
Title = {Revisiting Occupational Crowding in the United States: A
Preliminary Study},
Journal = {Feminist Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {73-95},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1354-5701},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135457098338310},
Doi = {10.1080/135457098338310},
Key = {fds289158}
}
@article{fds289155,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Intergroup disparity: Economic theory and social science
evidence},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {805-826},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1061206},
Doi = {10.2307/1061206},
Key = {fds289155}
}
@article{fds289156,
Author = {Jr, SLM and Chung, C},
Title = {Racial earnings disparities and family structure},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-41},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1061350},
Abstract = {One explanation for the widening of racial earnings gaps
among family heads during the 1980s is that black families
were increasingly headed by females during that period. This
explanation is tested using data on black and white family
heads in 1976 and 1985 from the Institute for Research on
Poverty's Current Population Survey. Log-earnings equations,
corrected for selection bias and for the endogeneity of
labor force participation, are estimated for blacks and
whites in 1976 and 1985. If the impact of rising
female-family headship on labor force participation is
ignored, one finds support for the family structure
explanation. But support for alternative explanations is
also found. There are substantial impacts of within-race
gender discrimination and of market racial discrimination.
When the endogeneity of family structure is taken into
account, further support is found for the view that
endowment differences only explain a modest portion of the
rising gap in earnings between black and white family
heads.},
Doi = {10.2307/1061350},
Key = {fds289156}
}
@article{fds289157,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Race, cognitive skills, psychological capital and
wages},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {18-21},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {The Thernstroms have challenged the long established
"stylized fact" that blacks earn less than otherwise
comparable whites. They argue that research that neglects
the influence of cognitive ability on wage is responsible
for this finding. In the Thernstrom's view, research that
adopts an appropriate specification for the wage equation
demonstrates that black workers are paid as comparable white
employees. This article casts doubt on the validity of the
Thernstrom's claim. The authors find that when psychological
capital is included in a model of wage determination, blacks
earned significantly less than otherwise comparable white
workers.},
Key = {fds289157}
}
@article{fds331930,
Author = {Winfrey, W and Darity, W},
Title = {Increasing Returns and Intensification: A Reprise on Ester
Boserup's Model of Agricultural Growth},
Journal = {Metroeconomica},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-80},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-999X.00021},
Abstract = {The dynamics of Ester Boserup's model of intensification of
``primitive'' (non-chemical, non-mechanized) agriculture
have been worked out in three papers by Darity, Pryor and
Maurer, and Salehi-Isfahani under conditions where
techniques generating higher levels of food production
require longer hours of work. But Boserup's theory suggests
that continued intensification can lead to productivity
increases in food production. Here the long run implications
for agricultural productivity are explored when increasing
returns evolve from Boserup's intensification process.
Variations in the dynamics of a Boserupian economy are
considered under different patterns of response to falling
incomes and changing work requirements. Blackwell Publishers
Ltd 1997.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-999X.00021},
Key = {fds331930}
}
@article{fds289150,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Unemployment, joblessness, psychological well-being and
self-esteem: Theory and evidence},
Journal = {Journal of Socio-Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-158},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1053-5357(97)90030-5},
Abstract = {Social psychologists Erikson (1959), Jahoda (1979, 1981,
1982) and Seligman (1975) believe that exposure to events
such as joblessness are capable of impairing an individual's
psychological well-being. Psychological well-being is a
multidimensional concept. Therefore, the impact of
unemployment on mental health is likely to be manifest in
many forms, including denigration of self-worth or
self-esteem. The primary purpose of this study is to
investigate the relationship between joblessness and its
component parts, unemployment and dropping out of the labor
force, on self-esteem using data drawn from the National
Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). The NLSY is well suited
for such an investigation since it contains detailed
information on the personal characteristics of individuals
in the sample, as well as their labor force experiences and
measures of self-esteem. Two additional issues will be
addressed. First, we examine the psychological counterpart
of Ellwood's (1982) hypothesis that joblessness may scar an
individual. Second, we shed new light on the debate between
Clark and Summers (1979) and Flinn and Heckman (1982, 1983)
over whether being out of the labor force (OLF) and being
unemployed should be thought of as distinct states. We find
that joblessness damages self-esteem for female youths;
however, the damage is akin to a blemish. Surprisingly,
prior labor force experiences generally fail to influence
perceptions of self-worth on the part of young men. However,
we do find that for both young men and women who in the past
spent time out of the labor force, the greater the duration
of their exposure to this form of joblessness, the lower
their level of self-esteem. We also offer psychological
evidence on the relative emotional wellbeing of the
unemployed and labor force drop outs that largely supports
the position of Clark and Summers that these conditions are
essentially indistinguishable. © 1997 JAI Press, Inc. All
rights of reproduction in any form reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1053-5357(97)90030-5},
Key = {fds289150}
}
@article{fds289151,
Author = {Dietrich, J and Guilkey, DK and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Racial and Ethnic Inequality in the United States: A Secular
Perspective},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {2},
Pages = {301-305},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds289151}
}
@article{fds289152,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Formally modeling a gender-segregated economy: A reply to
Campbell and Warner},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {25},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2159-2161},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(97)00090-9},
Abstract = {Campbell and Warner contend that there are two major
problems with my presentation of a formal structure for
analysis of a gender-segregated low-income economy in an
earlier issue of this journal. Their first argument that
there is no explicit treatment of women negotiating their
wage is unimportant. Their second argument is correct; my
construction of the male's decision-making process is
underspecified, precluding an internal maximization
solution. Two options for formalization are advanced that
make an internal maximization solution feasible. © 1997
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0305-750x(97)00090-9},
Key = {fds289152}
}
@article{fds289153,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {The impact of psychological and human capital on
wages},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {815-829},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1997.tb01966.x},
Abstract = {Historically, economists have taken the position that
psychological capital is either unobservable or
unmeasurable; thus, heretofore, little evidence has been
available on the contribution of psychological capital to
wages. Using data drawn from two different waves of the
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we offer evidence
that psychological capital has both a direct effect -via
self-esteem - and an indirect effect - through locus of
control - on an individual's real wage. We find a person's
wage is more sensitive to changes in self-esteem than to
comparable alterations in human capital. Both relative wages
and human capital contribute to self-esteem. (JEL E24,
J6).},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1997.tb01966.x},
Key = {fds289153}
}
@article{fds289146,
Author = {Coates, RJ and Click, LA and Harlan, LC and Robboy, S and Barrett, RJ and Eley, JW and Reynolds, P and Chen, VW and Darity, WA and Blacklow, RS and Edwards, BK},
Title = {Differences between black and white patients with cancer of
the uterine corpus in interval from symptom recognition to
initial medical consultation (United States).},
Journal = {Cancer Causes Control},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {328-336},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0957-5243},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8734826},
Abstract = {To determine whether Black women with symptoms of uterine
corpus cancer had longer times from symptom recognition to
initial medical consultation than did White women in the
United States, 331 newly diagnosed patients living in
Atlanta (GA), New Orleans (LA), and San Francisco/Oakland
(CA) during 1985-87 were interviewed to collect information
on symptoms, dates of recognition and consultation, and
other factors that might affect the interval. Data were
analyzed to estimate medical consultation rates and rate
ratios following symptom recognition. Median recalled times
between symptom recognition and consultation were 16 days
for Black women and 14 days for White women. Although
poverty, having no usual source of healthcare, and other
factors were associated with lower consultation rates, the
adjusted rate among Black women was only somewhat lower
(0.87) than among White women, and the 95 percent confidence
interval (CI = 0.58-1.31) was consistent with no true
difference between the races. In addition, the median time
to consultation for women with stage IV cancer was only 15
days longer than the time (14 days) for the women with stage
I cancer. These results suggest that time from symptom
recognition to initial medical consultation does not
contribute importantly to the more advanced stage cancer of
the uterine corpus commonly found among Black
women.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00052938},
Key = {fds289146}
}
@article{fds289149,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and William, D},
Title = {The impact of labor force history on self-esteem and its
component parts, anxiety, alienation and
depression},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {183-220},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0167-4870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(96)00003-7},
Abstract = {Psychologists Erikson (1959), Jahoda (1979, 1981, 1982) and
Warr (1987) have offered theories to explain how experiences
such as joblessness may lead to a decline in mental health.
Other psychologists, including Rotter (1966) and Rosenberg
(1965), have designed and validated survey instruments
capable of measuring various aspects of emotional health
including self-esteem. Using such construct measures the
correlation between unemployment and self-esteem has been
estimated. Unfortunately, the accuracy of these estimates is
marred by three statistical problems: omitted variables,
unobserved heterogeneity, and data selection. Therefore, the
failure of a consensus to emerge regarding the impact of
unemployment on self-esteem is not surprising. This paper
offers new estimates of the relation between unemployment
and self-esteem using a methodology that controls for the
three potential sources of bias identified. The data are
drawn from the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
which provides detailed information on the personal
characteristics of individuals in the sample, including
their self-esteem, as well as their labor force experiences.
We find clear evidence that having recently completed a
spell of joblessness, due either to unemployment or time
spent out of the labor force, damages an individual's
perception of self-worth. Exposure to bouts of both forms of
joblessness also significantly harms self-esteem, and the
effect of such exposure persists. Our decompositional
analysis suggests that joblessness damages self-esteem by
generating feelings of depression. Clearly, policies
designed to lessen joblessness will also yield a
psychologically healthier labor force.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-4870(96)00003-7},
Key = {fds289149}
}
@article{fds289145,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity, W},
Title = {The psychological impact of unemployment and
joblessness},
Journal = {The Journal of Socio-Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {333-358},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1053-5357},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-5357(96)90009-8},
Doi = {10.1016/s1053-5357(96)90009-8},
Key = {fds289145}
}
@article{fds289147,
Author = {Guilkey, DK and Winfrey, W and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Explaining differences in economic performance among racial
and ethnic groups in the USA: The data examined},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {409-424},
Year = {1996},
Abstract = {By utilizing self-reported race and ancestry in the 1980 and
1990 USA censuses and the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition
technique, the extent of wage discrimination experienced by
women and by men is examined across 50 ethnic/racial groups.
Systematic evidence of negative discrimination is revealed
in both census years for Asian, Indian, black
(African-American), Vietnamese, Cuban, Mexican, Puerto
Rican, and Native American males. To assess the charge that
the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition indicates cultural rather
than discriminatory differentials, two additional data
experiments are performed - one that controls for color and
varies culture, and one that controls for culture and varies
color. Race appears to matter.},
Key = {fds289147}
}
@article{fds289148,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {Social Psychology, Unemployment and Macroeconomics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-140},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.10.1.121},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.10.1.121},
Key = {fds289148}
}
@article{fds289144,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Veum, JR and Darity, W},
Title = {Are being unemployed and being out of the labor force
distinct states?: A psychological approach},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-295},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0167-4870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(95)00009-d},
Abstract = {Clark and Summers (1979) found a high rate of transition
between unemployed and out of the labor force status. These
findings led them to conclude that "many of those classified
as not in the labor force are functionally indistinguishable
from the unemployed." Flinn and Heckman (1982,1983)
questioned the validity of the conclusion reached by Clark
and Summers. Heretofore, the debate between Clark and
Summers and Flinn and Heckman over whether the two forms of
nonemployment are distinct states has been conducted by
examining transition probabilities and observable external
characteristics. Unfortunately, the narrowness of the debate
may have prevented this issue from being resolved.
Psychologists have offered several explanations that seek to
establish how experiences such as joblessness can lead to a
deterioration in psychological health. For instance,
unemployment may damage a person's locus of control, a
concept that accounts for perceptions of personal efficacy,
leaving them with a sense of helplessness. Although the
psychological status of individuals in the two states of
joblessness may differ, due to their respective rationales
for withdrawal from the labor force, this possibility has
yet to be investigated. This paper uses data from the
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) to examine
whether a difference in psychological well-being exists
between the unemployed and labor force drop outs. We find
some evidence that joblessness fosters feelings of
externality. In addition, we also find evidence in favor of
the stages of psychological impairment theory. Moreover, as
the duration of joblessness advances so do feelings of
helplessness. Finally, on balance, we offer evidence on the
psychological status of the jobless that is consistent with
the view of Clark and Summers that the two forms of
joblessness are effectively indistinguishable. ©
1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-4870(95)00009-d},
Key = {fds289144}
}
@article{fds289142,
Author = {Darity, W and Guilkey, D and Winfrey, W},
Title = {Ethnicity, race, and earnings},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {401-408},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(94)00560-o},
Abstract = {Utilizing the 1980 and 1990 USA censuses and Blinder-Oaxaca
decompositions, we examine the extent of discrimination
across women and men by ancestry and race. The charge that
Blinder-Oaxaca decompositions indicate cultural rather than
discriminatory differentials is addressed with two futher
experiments - one that controls for color and varies
culture, and one that controls for culture and varies color.
© 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(94)00560-o},
Key = {fds289142}
}
@article{fds289143,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {The formal structure of a gender-segregated low-income
economy},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {23},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1963-1968},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(95)00082-n},
Abstract = {Based upon insights drawn from research concerning the
nature of the gender-based division of labor in agrarian
regions of developing countries, a formal model is advanced
of the interactions that take place in such a setting. Males
are characterized as seeking to maximize their income from
production of an exportable cash crop by drawing women out
of household/social maintenance activities, by dint of
coercion, cooperation and compensation. The paper also
explores repercussions on the efficiency and output of the
social maintenance or "subsistence" sector due to the loss
of female laborpower to the male-controlled export sector.
Finally, the impact of an International Monetary Fund
mandated currency devaluation on an economy of this type is
considered as well. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0305-750x(95)00082-n},
Key = {fds289143}
}
@article{fds289141,
Author = {Goldsmith, AH and Darity, W},
Title = {Social psychology, unemployment exposure and equilibrium
unemployment},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-471},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-4870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(92)90004-q},
Abstract = {Statistical evidence provided by social psychologists
suggests an association between unemployment and social
psychological well-being. They believe unemployment exposure
leaves an individual with a sense of 'helplessness' that
impairs motivation, hampers learning and generates adverse
emotional consequences all of which are expected to reduce
personal productivity. If a substantial number of people
experience spells of unemployment these individually based
productivity and attachment affects are likely to manifest
themselves in observable impacts upon aggregate labor supply
and demand. In this paper, the labor market is respecified
to account explicitly for social psychological influences.
Then the impact of an exogenous contractionary shock is
explored within the context of this model. ©
1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-4870(92)90004-q},
Key = {fds289141}
}
@article{fds289140,
Author = {Cottrell, AF and Darity, WA},
Title = {IS-LM under increasing returns},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {675-690},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0164-0704(05)80019-9},
Abstract = {This paper attempts a systematic examination of the
significance of increasing returns for macroeconomic theory.
Two main questions are addressed: (i) What are the
implications for the construction of macromodels of the
assumption of increasing returns? and (ii) What are the
implications for the results of typical comparative statics
experiments? An IS-LM model incorporating increasing returns
is constructed, on the basis of which it is argued that
there may not be a unique point of labor-market clearing. It
is argued that this possibility strengthens the case for
policy activism. © 1991 Louisiana State University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0164-0704(05)80019-9},
Key = {fds289140}
}
@article{fds289138,
Author = {Stanek, EJ and Pastides, H and Darity, WA and Elkins,
M},
Title = {City directories as sources for survey work in low- and
middle-income black communities.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {80},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1125-1126},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2200285},
Abstract = {Commercial directories and governmental lists of dwelling
units in low income urban Black communities in four eastern
cities were evaluated for completeness. With rare
exceptions, less than 90 percent of dwelling units were
included in any one list and no list adequately identified
multiple dwelling unit structures. Since household income is
likely to be lower among households in such structures, all
lists tend to miss the very poor, i.e., those who may be at
highest health risk.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.80.9.1125},
Key = {fds289138}
}
@article{fds289139,
Author = {Breslow, L and III, JCB and Jr, BWB and Brown, HG and Darity, WA and Defendi, V and Fisher, B and Goodman, RL and Mosteller, F and Shapiro,
S and Sondik, EJ and Kessler, LG and Jr, JLY and Edwards, BK and Ries, LG and Horm, J and Feuer, EJ},
Title = {Measurement of progress against cancer. Extramural Committee
to Assess Measures of Progress Against Cancer.},
Journal = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute},
Volume = {82},
Number = {10},
Pages = {825-835},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0027-8874},
Abstract = {The questions of the extent of progress against cancer and
how to measure it have stimulated attention among scientists
and in Congress. In this presentation, we summarize a report
requested by the Senate Appropriations Committee to address
the adequacy of the existing measures of progress against
cancer. The report was prepared by an extramural committee
convened by the National Cancer Institute at the request of
Congress. It includes extensive findings and recommendations
on the existing measures of progress against cancer, the
systems used to develop the data reported through the
measures, the frequency and content of reports addressing
progress, and the need for analytic research on this topic.
Although the Extramural Committee To Assess Measures of
Progress Against Cancer found the measures and systems to be
generally adequate, they also found that modification or
expansion of the information base is needed in many
areas.},
Key = {fds289139}
}
@article{fds322275,
Author = {DARITY, WA and MYERS, SL},
Title = {IMPACTS OF VIOLENT CRIME ON BLACK FAMILY
STRUCTURE},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {15-29},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1990.tb00299.x},
Abstract = {Violent crime contributes to depleting the supply of
marriageable males in minority communities. Young black
males die disproportionately due to homicides. Also, a
disproportionate number of young black males are in prisons
and jails. Consequently, they are withdrawn from the
productive labor force and become less desirable mates and
fathers. They become “marginalized.” Black families, in
turn, are deprived of productive male heads. This paper,
using Current Population Survey data for 1985, demonstrates
that a direct effect of reducing the supply of marriageable
mates is to increase the proportion of black families headed
by females. The impacts of homicide and incarceration far
exceed those of public welfare in influencing changing black
family structures. Copyright © 1990, Wiley Blackwell. All
rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1990.tb00299.x},
Key = {fds322275}
}
@article{fds289136,
Author = {Darity, WA and Marrero, WI},
Title = {Reply to “A Common Error”},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-150},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(89)90025-6},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(89)90025-6},
Key = {fds289136}
}
@article{fds289137,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Profitability of the British trade in slaves once
again},
Journal = {Explorations in Economic History},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {380-384},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0014-4983},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4983(89)90027-2},
Abstract = {While useful in its presentation of factual detail about
survival costs for slaves during the middle passage on
British ships engaged in the slave trade, David Richardson's
recent paper is misleading with respect to its implications
for the profitability of the British slave trade in the
period 1761-1807. Richardson ignores the implicit revision
in the profitability estimates required in Anstey's work
based upon the latter's own acceptance of higher volume
estimates of the trade. Anstey's accounting formula for
slave trade profitability already included an adjustment for
middle passage mortality costs. Moreover, provisional
estimates of the typical rate of profit for 18th-century
British enterprises advanced by Mirowski suggest that it
Richardson is correct the slave traders must have been
irrational in the sense that they participated in a line of
activity with a lower than normal rate of return and a
higher level of risk. © 1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0014-4983(89)90027-2},
Key = {fds289137}
}
@article{fds322276,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {The Williams Abolition Thesis Before Williams},
Journal = {Slavery & Abolition},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-41},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440398808574946},
Doi = {10.1080/01440398808574946},
Key = {fds322276}
}
@article{fds289133,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Abram Harris: An Odyssey from Howard to Chicago},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {4-40},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903990},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903990},
Key = {fds289133}
}
@article{fds289134,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Debt, finance, production and trade in a north-south model:
The surplus approach},
Journal = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {211-227},
Year = {1987},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0309-166X},
Key = {fds289134}
}
@article{fds289135,
Author = {De Gregori and TR and Darity, W},
Title = {Surplus people and expendable children: The structure of
apartheid and the mortality crisis in South
Africa},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {47-62},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1987},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903729},
Abstract = {South Africa's apartheid scheme is considered as a paradigm
case for the creation and maltreatment of a putatively
surplus population. Both active and passive policies are
identified that are utilized to contain the numbers of the
black population of the nation. Of particular significance
is a strategy of neglect that has led to exceptionally high
infant and child mortality rates in the "homelands." In
addition, the South African authorities' efforts to
destabilize neighboring regimes in Angola and Mozambique has
had similarly adverse repercussions on mortality rates
there. © 1987 Springer.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903729},
Key = {fds289135}
}
@article{fds322277,
Author = {DARITY, W},
Title = {The Managerial Class and Industrial Policy},
Journal = {Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and
Society},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {212-227},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1986.tb00681.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-232X.1986.tb00681.x},
Key = {fds322277}
}
@article{fds328041,
Author = {Darity, WA and Horn, BL},
Title = {Rudolf hilferding: The dominion of capitalism and the
dominion of gold},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {363-368},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds328041}
}
@article{fds328042,
Author = {Darity, WA and Williams, RM},
Title = {Peddlers forever?: Culture, Competition, and
discrimination},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-261},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds328042}
}
@article{fds289132,
Author = {Darity Jr and WA},
Title = {The numbers game and the profitability of the British trade
in slaves.},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {693-703},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1985},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700034616},
Abstract = {More than a century after its termination the slave trade in
Africa remains a controversial topic. In particular,
disputes continue to wax strong over the profitability of
the Atlantic slave trade, on three major dimensions: the
degree of competition characteristic of the market in
slaves; the typical magnitude of the rate of profit achieved
by enterprises engaged in the industry; the status of Eric
Williams's hypothesis on the contribution of the slave trade
to European industrialization.-from Author},
Doi = {10.1017/s0022050700034616},
Key = {fds289132}
}
@article{fds289131,
Author = {Darity, WA and Myers, SL},
Title = {Public policy and the condition of black family
life},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {165-187},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1984},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903781},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903781},
Key = {fds289131}
}
@article{fds289130,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {The managerial class and surplus population},
Journal = {Society},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {54-62},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1983},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0147-2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02694971},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02694971},
Key = {fds289130}
}
@article{fds322278,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Contemporary Marxism: Ideology or Science? A Review Essay
on: Research in Political Economy},
Journal = {Review of Radical Political Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {136-148},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/048661348301500410},
Doi = {10.1177/048661348301500410},
Key = {fds322278}
}
@article{fds289127,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {On the long-run outcome of the Lewis-Nurkse international
growth process},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-278},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(82)90030-x},
Abstract = {This essay formalizes the model of international growth
advanced by W. Arthur Lewis in his 1979 Nobel Prize address
and by Ragnar Nurkse in the 1950's. Both of them employed
the model to support their respective cases for pursuit of a
'balanced growth' strategy by the LDC's. The purpose of the
formalization undertaken here is to examine the theoretical
consequences for the secular ratio of LDC to MDC incomes as
the Lewis-Nurkse growth process unfolds. The paper explores
whether or not growth in Lewis-Nurkse fashion must mean
persistent poverty for the LDC's. In addition, the
formalization provides an explicit characterization of
economic 'dependence'. © 1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(82)90030-x},
Key = {fds289127}
}
@article{fds289129,
Author = {Darity, WA and Marrero, WI},
Title = {Distribution, effective demand, and the orthodox
macromodel},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {455-487},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1981},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(81)90078-1},
Abstract = {The ordinary IS-LM framework is revised to incorporate
macro-distributional considerations. This permits us to cast
a new light on Keynes' theoretical refutation of the
usefulness of cutting money wages in the midst of a
depression in a comparative statics context. We demonstrate
that a generalized cut in money wages under conditions of
complete price flexibility and perfect competition (marginal
product factor pricing) can lower the volume of employment.
This version of the orthodox macromodel also provides a
potential handle on such seemingly elusive concepts as
Keynes' notions of full employment and under-employment
equilibrium. © 1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(81)90078-1},
Key = {fds289129}
}
@article{fds289128,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Illusions of black economic progress},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {153-168},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1980},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02873446},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02873446},
Key = {fds289128}
}
@article{fds289126,
Author = {Darity, WA and Myers, SL},
Title = {Changes in black-white income inequality, 1968-78: A decade
of progress?},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {354},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1980},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02689713},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02689713},
Key = {fds289126}
}
@article{fds289125,
Author = {Darity W},
Title = {The Boserup theory of agricultural growth: a model for
anthropological economics.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {137-157},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(80)90001-2},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(80)90001-2},
Key = {fds289125}
}
@article{fds289123,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Health manpower and the black community.},
Journal = {Urban health},
Volume = {6},
Number = {5},
Pages = {4},
Year = {1977},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0191-8257},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10305900},
Key = {fds289123}
}
@article{fds289124,
Author = {Darity, W},
Title = {Economic theory and racial economic inequality},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {225-248},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1975},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02689431},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02689431},
Key = {fds289124}
}
@article{fds289122,
Author = {Turner, C and Darity, WA},
Title = {Fears of genocide among black Americans as related to age,
sex, and region.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {63},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1029-1034},
Year = {1973},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4759867},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.63.12.1029},
Key = {fds289122}
}
@article{fds289121,
Author = {Darity, WA and Turner, CB},
Title = {Family planning, race consciousness and the fear of race
genocide.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {62},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1454-1459},
Year = {1972},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5085509},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.62.11.1454},
Key = {fds289121}
}
@article{fds329877,
Author = {Shaw, CT and Darity, WA},
Title = {Health Knowledge Level of Secondary School
Students},
Journal = {Health Education Journal},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {121-124},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1970},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001789697002900404},
Doi = {10.1177/001789697002900404},
Key = {fds329877}
}
@article{fds289120,
Author = {Darity, WA and Piedmont, EB and McBride, TC and Romanella,
AE},
Title = {Some implications of a pregnancy on campus: a research
study.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College Health Association},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {253-259},
Year = {1968},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-7944},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5639437},
Key = {fds289120}
}
@article{fds289119,
Author = {Darity, WA},
Title = {Some considerations in developing family planning
services.},
Journal = {Public health reports (Washington, D.C. :
1896)},
Volume = {82},
Number = {8},
Pages = {667-672},
Year = {1967},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0094-6214},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4962114},
Doi = {10.2307/4593100},
Key = {fds289119}
}
%% Davies, Robert E
@article{fds227009,
Author = {Robert Davies and George Tauchen},
Title = {Data-driven Jump Detection Thresholds for Application in
Jump Regressions},
Journal = {(revise and resubmit, Quantitive Economics)},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds227009}
}
@article{fds315375,
Author = {Robert Davies and George Tauchen and Jia Li},
Title = {Volatility Jump Regressions},
Journal = {(working)},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds315375}
}
@article{fds315374,
Author = {Robert Davies},
Title = {A Pure-jump Semimartingale Framework for Forecasting
High-Frequency Tail Risk Measures},
Journal = {(working)},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds315374}
}
@article{fds226382,
Author = {Robert Davies},
Title = {Understanding High Frequency Stock Price
Dynamics},
Journal = {(working)},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds226382}
}
%% De Lira Salvatierra, Irving A.
@article{fds219851,
Author = {M. Bradley and I. De Lira and M. Gulati},
Title = {Lawyers: Gatekeepers of the Sovereign Debt
Market?},
Journal = {International Review of Law and Economics},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144818813000616},
Key = {fds219851}
}
@article{fds225563,
Author = {I. De Lira and A. Patton},
Title = {Dynamic Copula Models and High Frequency
Data},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2284235},
Key = {fds225563}
}
@article{fds225371,
Author = {I.A. De Lira Salvatierra},
Title = {Implied Correlation Tales: Systemic Risks and Portfolio
Selection (Job Market Paper)},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225371}
}
@article{fds225372,
Author = {I.A. De Lira Salvatierra},
Title = {Frontier Markets: Stylized Facts and Determinants of Access
to Fund Resources},
Journal = {IMF},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds225372}
}
%% de Marchi, Neil
@misc{fds371866,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Van Miegroet and HJ},
Title = {Exploring Markets in Spain and Nueva España},
Pages = {198-202},
Booktitle = {A History of the Western Art Market: A Sourcebook of
Writings on Artists, Dealers, and Markets},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780520290631},
Key = {fds371866}
}
@article{fds346458,
Author = {Boumans, M and De Marchi and N},
Title = {Models, measurement, and “universal patterns”: Jan
tinbergen and development planning without
theory},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {50},
Number = {S1},
Pages = {231-248},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7033956},
Abstract = {Development economics in the 1950s and 1960s, as Jan
Tinbergen and Irma Adelman saw it, was a “groping in the
dark.” Besides the limited knowledge of dynamic
mechanisms, the lack of data was a severe problem for any
attempt at modeling, whether macroeconomic, input-output, or
in the tradition of national income accounting. As concerns
the three main figures of this article—the empirical
researchers Tinbergen, Hollis Chenery, and Adelman—each
developed his or her own approach to modeling: modeling in
stages, modeling to capture universal patterns, and factor
analysis, respectively. Tinbergen, Chenery, and Adelman
shared a common inductive methodology, which might rightly
be called “measurement without theory,” in the sense
that there was no economic theory that could help them in
organizing the available messy and often unreliable data.
Chenery saw a role for abstract mathematical models as
helping inquirers to rise above such impediments, even if
only temporarily, or to gain focus, as was the case with his
making technical progress an exogenous variable.
Tinbergen’s models of the “first stage” were also
intended to make planning for development tractable, but
without mixing planning with such focusing devices. Adelman,
for her part, preferred to search for and identify factors
of development.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7033956},
Key = {fds346458}
}
@misc{fds345869,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Van Miegroet and HJ and Raiff, ME},
Title = {Dealer-Dealer pricing in the mid seventeenth-century Antwerp
to Paris art trade},
Pages = {113-130},
Booktitle = {Art Markets in Europe, 1400-1800},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781840146301},
Key = {fds345869}
}
@book{fds318155,
Author = {Bianchi, M and De Marchi and N},
Title = {Economizing Mind, 1870-2015: When Economics and Psychology
Met . . . or Didn’t},
Volume = {48},
Pages = {300 pages},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {de Marchi, N and Bianchi, M},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {978-0822363897},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3619214},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3619214},
Key = {fds318155}
}
@article{fds325682,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Psychology fails to trump the multiyear, structural
development plan: Albert Hirschman’s largely frustrated
efforts to place the “ability to make and carry out
development decisions” at the center of the development
economics of the late 1950s and the 1960s},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {48},
Number = {suppl 1},
Pages = {226-238},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3619286},
Abstract = {Economists in the 1950s differed on “backwardness” and
how best to intervene. World Bank economists favored
planning, but one dissenter, Albert Hirschman, held the
conviction that the basis for success lay in a desire for
change and the will to face down difficulties. In 1959
Hirschman’s approach was rejected as more psychology than
economics by a leading representative of detailed plans and
removing “obstacles” such as short-ages of foreign
exchange and domestic savings. Ironically, RAND
psychologists had just shown that team training with
simulations plus daily debriefings that encouraged team
input, improved performance under stress, roughly in line
with Hirschman’s “psychological attitudes” and
willingness to face down difficulties.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3619286},
Key = {fds325682}
}
@misc{fds322184,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Models and misperceptions: Chenery, hirschman and tinbergen
on development planning},
Journal = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Volume = {34B},
Pages = {91-99},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0743-41542016000034B004},
Abstract = {In the 1950s, when development as a subject for study was as
yet poorly defined, misunderstandings were not uncommon. The
grounds were often methodological, but substantive
analytical differences were also involved. I focus on an
unusual context, the invitation given to one economist,
Hollis B. Chenery, who promoted the neo-classical approach
to growth, to review two works stemming from very different
perspectives. One of these was The Design of Development by
econometrician Jan Tinbergen; the other was The Strategy of
Economic Development by the highly original thinker Albert
O. Hirschman. Chenery found himself baffled by Hirschman's
stress on the capacity to make quick and strong decisions in
favor of development, if backwardness was to be overcome.
But he was equally drawn to Tinbergen's advocacy of detailed
development plans. I argue that Chenery was wrong on both
counts. He failed to understand Hirschman's argument, which
admittedly was novel, and misperceived Tinbergen's approach
as of a piece with his own convictions. The episode is
instructive chiefly in opening up to reconsideration the
ideas and misperceptions of three pioneers of development
economics.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0743-41542016000034B004},
Key = {fds322184}
}
@misc{fds238082,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Economics meets esthetics in the bloomsbury
group},
Pages = {137-151},
Booktitle = {Sublime Economy: On the Intersection of Art and
Economics},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780203890578},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203890578},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203890578},
Key = {fds238082}
}
@misc{fds322185,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Reluctant partners: Aesthetic and market value,
1708-1871},
Pages = {95-111},
Booktitle = {Sublime Economy: On the Intersection of Art and
Economics},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Address = {London},
Editor = {Jack Amariglio and Steve Cullenberg and Joseph
Childers},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780203890578},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203890578},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203890578},
Key = {fds322185}
}
@misc{fds368883,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Reluctant partners: Aesthetic and market value,
1708–1871},
Pages = {95-111},
Booktitle = {Sublime Economy: On the intersection of art and
economics},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415771917},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203890578-10},
Abstract = {Intrinsic value has a nice ring to it. It picks up on
“essential” properties supposedly existing in an object,
and implies greater stability than external evaluations,
which can be attached, modified, even withdrawn altogether,
on whim. The precious metals have intrinsic value, based on
undeniable properties-sheen and feel, durability,
malleability, resistance to corrosion, and so on-plus
accepted standards for measuring weight and purity in the
metal itself. When coins were made of precious metals,
weight and purity were all that mattered, but intrinsic
value dominated even when gold, or silver, was fashioned
into objects of use and beauty. Typically there was a second
value attached for the fashioning. But it was understood
that, in time of crisis, fashioning would be discounted to
zero, beautiful objects being melted down for their metal
content.1 Yet when a fashioned object had been smashed or
melted down to its metallic core, this still had to be
valued. Measures of purity and weight are just that, they
affect but do not in themselves establish an external
exchange value for metal of specified standards. An
exchange value is derived from the metals markets, or
established by government edict.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203890578-10},
Key = {fds368883}
}
@misc{fds322186,
Author = {Michaels, R and Jansen, N},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {1-12},
Booktitle = {Beyond the State: Rethinking Private Law},
Publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
Editor = {Jeremy Warren and Adriana Turpin},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds322186}
}
@misc{fds238084,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Confluences of value: Three historical moments},
Pages = {200-219},
Booktitle = {Beyond Price, Value in Culture, Economics, and the
Arts},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {Cambridge},
Editor = {Michael Hutter and David Throsby},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521862233},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000299343000012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Introduction Can artistic, cultural, and economic valuations
ever be determined on common ground? The economist is
inclined to say yes, in principle; as in an hedonic
regression, artistic and cultural worth may be thought of as
factors that help to explain variations in market price.
However, this presupposes not only that artistic and
cultural value can be scaled suitably, but that economic
value somehow encompasses the other two sorts. Focusing
solely on the latter point, the inclination of art theorists
and cultural anthropologists is to assert that just the
opposite is the case. Philosophers of aesthetics contend
that artistic value is intrinsic, bound up in the experience
of art, and is not reducible to some external use- or
pleasure-value. Cultural anthropologists for their part
argue that cultural value turns on meanings, whose
implications extend to personal and group identities, which
in turn are simply incommensurable with price. Moreover,
identities are often threatened by markets, which
arbitrarily alter and displace them without being able to
substitute for the losses. Despite such difficulties,
conversations about artistic worth, cultural meaning, and
market value take place, as they must, in any context where
limited financial resources are allocated to the support of
art or culture. And, whether we like it or not, in those
conversations tacit agreements are reached about relative
values in each sphere.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511793820.013},
Key = {fds238084}
}
@article{fds238090,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Van Miegroet and HJ},
Title = {Chapter 3 The History of Art Markets},
Journal = {Handbook of the Economics of Art and Culture},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {69-122},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1574-0676},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0676(06)01003-9},
Abstract = {Treating markets as arenas where relative advantage is
contested, this entry explores the emergence and evolution
of Western markets for paintings, 1450-1750, in terms of the
players, their creative moves to secure gain, and the rules
they devised to maintain order. Primary markets for
paintings arose as a derivative of the commission market for
one-off, mainly religious paintings in places such as
Florence and Bruges, in the second half of the 15th century.
Demand from foreign merchants eager to obtain works in the
new medium, oil, gave Bruges an edge. So did a demand for
easel paintings on thin linen, and even in oil on panel, as
cheap substitutes for tapestries. Variety and cost also
played a role. Emulation among differently-trained artists
generated novel products plus extraordinary cost reductions,
and painters discovered a latent demand among the less
wealthy. Some novel products were exported, as were new
techniques. The retail market in Florence was limited in
size and largely confined to serving a need for cheaper
versions of unique, public commissions. A mass demand for
paintings across the social spectrum occurred principally in
Northern cities: e.g., Antwerp, and later Amsterdam, though
also in Spain. Resale markets followed retail with a lag,
recycled paintings being handled by second-hand clothes
dealers. This sequence - commission nexus, cost-reduction
and novel sorts of paintings, mass retail, then resale
markets - occurred in cities across Europe. As mass markets
emerged, so too did specialist dealers. A large part of the
entry is devoted to detailing their creative marketing
moves. There were tensions as to whether only artists might
sell, but demand mostly overrode guild reluctance to
relinquish control of distribution. Widespread distribution
came to require efficient sales mechanisms, hence public
sales and auctions. The entry explores auction rules and
techniques within the broader sequence identified above. ©
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0676(06)01003-9},
Key = {fds238090}
}
@misc{fds238083,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Smith on ingenuity, pleasure, and the imitative
arts},
Pages = {136-157},
Booktitle = {The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Knud Haakonssen},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521770590},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521770599.006},
Abstract = {SMITH'S PREOCCUPATION WITH THE IMITATIVE ARTS After Smith
returned to Kirkaldy from London in June 1777, one of
“Several Works” that occupied him was an essay on the
imitative arts (Corr., no. 208). Progress was interrupted,
as he feared it would be, by his duties, from January 1778,
as a Commissioner of His Majesty's Customs for Scotland.
Nonetheless, he returned to this particular essay as time
allowed, maintaining his interest in the subject right up to
his last days. Twice in the 1780s that we know of, Smith
laid out his ideas before competent audiences on what it is
about imitation in the arts that gives pleasure. In the
summer of 1782, at a meeting in London of the Johnson
literary club, he conversed on this theme. The painter Sir
Joshua Reynolds was present, told Smith afterward that he
perfectly agreed with his notions, and subsequently wrote to
his friend Bennet Langton that the subject was clearly one
Smith had “considered with attention.” Then, in December
1788, when Smith was in Glasgow for his investiture as
Rector of the University, he addressed the Literary Society
there, reading a paper of two hours length, on the same
subject. The essay remained incomplete at that late date,
and it is doubtful whether Smith was able to add much to it
before he died. Nonetheless, that he considered his ideas
worth preserving may be inferred from the fact that he
spared this essay, along with the “History of
Astronomy,” and several others, from the destruction he
ordered of his lecture notes and other manuscript materials
a week or so before his death.},
Doi = {10.1017/CCOL0521770599.006},
Key = {fds238083}
}
@article{fds238089,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Greene, JA},
Title = {Adam Smith and private provision of the arts},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {431-454},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-37-3-431},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-3-431},
Key = {fds238089}
}
@article{fds238092,
Author = {de Marchi, N and Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {History of economics for the nonhistorian: A collection of
papers},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {587-588},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-4-587},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-36-4-587},
Key = {fds238092}
}
@article{fds238091,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Visualizing the gains from trade, mid-1870s to
1962},
Journal = {European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {551-572},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0967256032000137711},
Abstract = {Visualization in economics was common, and in trade theory
almost a primary mode of analysis and demonstration from the
late 19th century until the 1960s. Why? This paper presents
two versions of the gains from trade notion that have come
to us in visual form, one due to Marshall, the other to
Viner and Samuelson. The two are very different, a fact
better understood against a backdrop of recent neurological
research on visualization. A key finding of that work is
that our ability to conceive and recognize forms depends on
forms previously seen and stored in the brain. Early
exposure and nurturing matter greatly. The research also
stresses that there is no basis for distinguishing between
seeing and understanding. A satisfactory answer to the
'Why?' question thus requires that we attend to audiences
and their capabilities, some hints concerning which are
offered here.},
Doi = {10.1080/0967256032000137711},
Key = {fds238091}
}
@article{fds238088,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Van Miegroet and HJ},
Title = {Ingenuity, preference, and the pricing of pictures: The
Smith-Reynolds connection},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {31},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {411-412},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-31-supplement-379},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-31-supplement-379},
Key = {fds238088}
}
@article{fds322187,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {Comment on Niehans, Multiple discoveries’},
Journal = {The European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-279},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672569508538568},
Doi = {10.1080/09672569508538568},
Key = {fds322187}
}
@article{fds238086,
Author = {Kim, J and De Marchi and N and Morgan, MS},
Title = {Empirical model particularities and belief in the natural
rate hypothesis},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-102},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1909 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Economists test to strengthen conviction, though mostly
without disclosing how this can occur. There is a clear line
of logical implication from theory to model; but in the
process there may be a narrowing and specialization of the
hypothesis so that it is not clear what weight should be
placed upon the result of a test on the model. Empirical
models and tests may be narrowed down so far that they
involve certain nonunique characteristics of the original
theories. Even when a hypothesis is confirmed, no reverse
inference back to theory can be made from such tests. We
illustrate how a number of such 'characteristics tests'
worked, drawing on American economists' tests of the natural
rate hypothesis in the 1970s. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(94)01628-D},
Key = {fds238086}
}
@article{fds238087,
Author = {De Marchi and N},
Title = {The role of Dutch auctions and lotteries in shaping the art
market(s) of 17th century Holland},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {203-221},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(95)00032-1},
Abstract = {This article examines institution-formation in the nascent
art markets of 17th century Amsterdam and Haarlem in
response to external and internal pressures on artists'
guilds. In Amsterdam, poor quality imports, often copies,
were touted as originals and sold in clandestine Dutch
auctions. The deliberate confusion about quality imparted to
the market features similar to those of Akerlof's "lemons"
model, and a need for quality guarantees gave occasion to
dealers. In Haarlem and other towns, demand was viewed as
fixed and guilds toughened restrictions on the supply side.
Dissenters successfully used lotteries to show that demand
can be engendered. Promotion was to become a key feature of
later art markets. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(95)00032-1},
Key = {fds238087}
}
@article{fds322188,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Van Miegroet and HJ},
Title = {Art, Value, and Market Practices in the Netherlands in the
Seventeenth Century},
Journal = {The Art Bulletin},
Volume = {76},
Number = {3},
Pages = {451-464},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043079.1994.10786597},
Doi = {10.1080/00043079.1994.10786597},
Key = {fds322188}
}
@article{fds322189,
Author = {Hirsch, A and de Marchi, N},
Title = {Making a case when theory is unfalsifiable: Friedman’s
monetary history},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-21},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266267100000778},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100000778},
Key = {fds322189}
}
@article{fds238085,
Author = {De Marchi and NB},
Title = {On the early dangers of being too political an economist:
Thorold rogers and the 1868 election to the drummond
professorship},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {364-380},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0030-7653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041349},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041349},
Key = {fds238085}
}
%% Dedov, Maxym
@article{fds42601,
Title = {Risk Premia in a Quadratic Model of Bonds and
Stocks},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~md27/index_files/Jobmrkt.pdf},
Key = {fds42601}
}
%% DeSimone, Jeffrey
@article{fds371957,
Author = {Desimone, J and Grossman, D and Ziebarth, N},
Title = {REGRESSION DISCONTINUITY EVIDENCE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
THE MINIMUM LEGAL E-CIGARETTE PURCHASING
AGE},
Journal = {American Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {461-485},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/723401},
Abstract = {Increases in youth vaping rates and concerns of a new
generation of nicotine addicts re-cently prompted an
increase in the federal minimum legal purchase age (MLPA)
for tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, to 21 years.
This study presents the first regression discontinuity
evidence on the effectiveness of e-cigarette MLPA laws.
Using data on 12th graders from Monitoring the Future, we
obtain robust evidence that federal and state age 18 MLPAs
decreased underage e-cigarette use by 15–20 percent and
frequent use by 20–40 percent. These findings suggest that
the age 21 federal MLPA could meaningfully reduce
e-cigarette use among 18-to 20-year-olds.},
Doi = {10.1086/723401},
Key = {fds371957}
}
@article{fds372105,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {SUICIDE AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY EARLY RETIREMENT
AGE},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {435-450},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/coep.12215},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Using a regression discontinuity framework, this
paper documents a previously unnoticed drop of 7%–8% in
the U.S. suicide rate upon reaching age 62 during
1990–2014. This decline is concentrated among men, nearly
doubled in size over the most recent decade as the income
gap between those just older and younger narrowed, and
represents the only trend break among ages 45–79. These
findings, along with the observed timing of retirement and
benefit claims and research on how income affects suicide,
suggest that the likely explanation is Social Security early
retirement benefit eligibility rather than retirement per
se. (<jats:italic>JEL</jats:italic> I12,
H55)</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/coep.12215},
Key = {fds372105}
}
@article{fds372106,
Author = {DeSimone, J and Markowitz, S and Xu, J},
Title = {Child Access Prevention Laws and Nonfatal Gun
Injuries},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-25},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4284/0038-4038-2011.333},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Many states have passed child access prevention
(CAP) laws, which hold the gun owner responsible if a child
gains access to a gun that is not securely stored. Previous
research on CAP laws has focused exclusively on
gun‐related deaths even though most gun injuries are not
fatal. We use annual hospital discharge data to investigate
whether CAP laws are associated with decreased nonfatal gun
injuries. Results from Poisson regressions that control for
various hospital, county, and state characteristics,
including state‐specific fixed effects and time trends,
indicate that CAP laws are associated with reductions in
nonfatal gun injuries among children under age 18. Our
results are bolstered by the absence of effects on other
outcomes such as self‐inflicted gun injuries among adults
and nongun self‐inflicted injuries.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.4284/0038-4038-2011.333},
Key = {fds372106}
}
@article{fds372107,
Author = {Sabia, JJ and Dills, AK and DeSimone, J},
Title = {Sexual Violence against Women and Labor Market
Outcomes},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {3},
Pages = {274-278},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.3.274},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This study is the first in the economics literature
to explore the labor market consequences of sexual violence
toward women. Using data from the Add Health, we find that
sexual violence against women is associated with a 6.6
percent lower probability of labor force participation and
5.1 percent lower average wages. These estimates are robust
to controls for unobserved heterogeneity at the school- and
family-levels, as well as detailed controls for personality,
personal discount rates, and risk preferences. We find that
the adverse labor market effects of sexual violence are
partially explained by its adverse psychological and
physical consequences.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.103.3.274},
Key = {fds372107}
}
@article{fds372108,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {Drinking and academic performance in high
school},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {42},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1481-1497},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840701721554},
Doi = {10.1080/00036840701721554},
Key = {fds372108}
}
@article{fds372109,
Author = {DeSIMONE, JEFF},
Title = {FRATERNITY MEMBERSHIP AND DRINKING BEHAVIOR},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {47},
Number = {2},
Pages = {337-350},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2008.00121.x},
Abstract = {<jats:p> <jats:italic>This paper estimates the impact of
fraternity and sorority membership on a wide array of
drinking outcomes among respondents to four Harvard College
Alcohol Study surveys from 1993 to 2001. Identification is
achieved by including proxies for specific types of
unobserved heterogeneity expected to influence the
relationship. These include high school and parental
drinking behaviors to account for time‐invariant omitted
factors and assessed importance of drinking‐related
activities and reasons for drinking to control for changes
in preferences since starting college. Because
self‐selection is quantitatively important, I further hold
constant variables plausibly affected by fraternity
membership, such as current alcohol use categorization,
ranging from abstainer to heavy drinker, and time spent
socializing. Even in the fully saturated model, fraternity
membership significantly increases drinking intensity,
frequency, and recency, as well as the prevalence of many
deleterious drinking consequences that potentially carry
negative externalities. </jats:italic>(<jats:italic>JEL
</jats:italic>I12, I20)</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.2008.00121.x},
Key = {fds372109}
}
@article{fds372110,
Author = {Ruppy, NG and Holmes, GM and Desimone, J},
Title = {Airline Schedule Recovery After Airport Closures: Empirical
Evidence Since September 11th},
Journal = {Revista Organizações em Contexto},
Volume = {3},
Number = {6},
Pages = {153-179},
Publisher = {Instituto Metodista de Ensino Superior},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15603/1982-8756/roc.v3n6p153-179},
Doi = {10.15603/1982-8756/roc.v3n6p153-179},
Key = {fds372110}
}
@article{fds372111,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {Fraternity membership and binge drinking},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {950-967},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.01.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.01.003},
Key = {fds372111}
}
@article{fds372112,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {Academic Performance and Part-Time Employment among High
School Seniors},
Journal = {Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1466},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This study
estimates the effect of hours worked at a part time job on
GPA among 12th grade respondents to the annual 19912004
Monitoring the Future surveys. I use two stage least squares
(2SLS) with indicators for various levels of unearned
income, which are strong predictors of hours worked, as
instruments. Results show that GPA increases with additional
work hours up to 15 per week and then declines. 2SLS
estimates are substantially larger than those from ordinary
least squares and robust to exclusion restrictions
variations. Working has a small negative impact on
educational time, but a much larger quadratic impact, which
is negative up to 1520 hours per week, on time spent
watching television and in social activities. Effects are
stable across the sample period, larger for females,
non-whites and metropolitan area residents, and linearly
positive but substantially smaller for students with high
future discount rates.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.2202/1538-0653.1466},
Key = {fds372112}
}
@article{fds372113,
Author = {DESIMONE, J},
Title = {THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ILLEGAL DRUG PRICES AT THE RETAIL
USER AND SELLER LEVELS},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {64-73},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cep/byj004},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This article uses 1985–2000 DEA data on marijuana
and cocaine prices in various metropolitan areas to
empirically test two contrasting theories of the
relationship between illegal drug prices at the retail
seller and user levels. Regression results overwhelmingly
reject a multiplicative model in which the ratio of prices
at the two levels is constant, but strongly support an
additive model in which the difference between these prices
is constant. This finding reduces the attractiveness of
policies aimed at raising wholesale prices, because retail
price responses, and thus potential drug demand deterrence,
would be substantially smaller than commonly assumed. (JEL
<jats:italic>D40</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>I18</jats:italic>,
<jats:italic>K42</jats:italic>)</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/cep/byj004},
Key = {fds372113}
}
@article{fds372114,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {Needle exchange programs and drug injection
behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {559-577},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20115},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20115},
Key = {fds372114}
}
@article{fds372115,
Author = {Desimone, J and Markowitz, S},
Title = {The effect of price on counselling sessions attended by
depression patients},
Journal = {Applied Economics Letters},
Volume = {10},
Number = {14},
Pages = {899-903},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350485032000165511},
Doi = {10.1080/1350485032000165511},
Key = {fds372115}
}
@article{fds372116,
Author = {DeSimone, J and Farrelly, MC},
Title = {Price and Enforcement Effects on Cocaine and Marijuana
Demand},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {98-115},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ei/41.1.98},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This article estimates equations for past year
cocaine and marijuana use among adult and juvenile
respondents of the 1990–97 National Household Surveys on
Drug Abuse. Unlike most previous studies, we control for the
monetary price of marijuana, probabilities of arrest for
marijuana and cocaine possession, and state fixed effects.
Results indicate that cocaine prices are inversely related
to adult cocaine and marijuana demand but are unrelated to
juvenile drug demand, marijuana price effects are always
statistically insignificant, estimated price effects are
inflated when state effects are omitted, and increases in
each arrest probability diminish both types of drug
use.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/ei/41.1.98},
Key = {fds372116}
}
@article{fds372117,
Author = {DeSimone, J},
Title = {Illegal Drug Use and Employment},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {952-977},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342893},
Doi = {10.1086/342893},
Key = {fds372117}
}
@article{fds372118,
Author = {Desimone, J},
Title = {The Effect of Cocaine Prices on Crime},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {627-643},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ei/39.4.627},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The relationship between cocaine prices and crime
has critical implications for U.S. drug policy, but is
theoretically indeterminate because cocaine price changes
affect crime through changes in both cocaine consumption and
expenditures. This paper investigates this relationship in
annual data from 1981–95 on 29 large U.S. cities,
accounting for simultaneity by using two‐stage least
squares with measures of wholesale supply factors and retail
enforcement intensity as instruments for cocaine prices.
Controlling for prices of other drugs, deterrence,
socioeconomic factors, and city and year‐specific effects,
a strong negative relationship exists between cocaine prices
and six of seven FBI index crimes.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/ei/39.4.627},
Key = {fds372118}
}
@article{fds372119,
Author = {Philipson, T},
Title = {Experiments and subject sampling},
Journal = {Biometrika},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {619-630},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/84.3.619},
Doi = {10.1093/biomet/84.3.619},
Key = {fds372119}
}
%% Dix-Carneiro, Rafael
@article{fds369022,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Pessoa, JP and Reyes-Heroles, R and Traiberman,
S},
Title = {Globalization, Trade Imbalances, and Labor Market
Adjustment*},
Journal = {Q J Econ},
Pages = {qjac043},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjac043},
Abstract = {We argue that modeling trade imbalances is crucial for
understanding transitional dynamics in response to
globalization shocks. We build and estimate a general
equilibrium, multicountry, multisector model of trade with
two key ingredients: (i) endogenous trade imbalances arising
from households’ consumption and saving decisions; (ii)
labor market frictions across and within sectors. We use our
model to perform several empirical exercises. We find that
the “China shock” accounted for 28% of the decline in
U.S. manufacturing between 2000 and 2014—1.65 times the
magnitude predicted from a model imposing balanced trade. A
concurrent rise in U.S. service employment led to a
negligible aggregate unemployment response. We benchmark our
model’s predictions for the gains from trade against the
popular ACR sufficient-statistics approach. We find that our
predictions for the long-run gains from trade and
consumption dynamics significantly diverge.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjac043},
Key = {fds369022}
}
@article{fds364939,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Traiberman, S},
Title = {Globalization, trade imbalances and inequality},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {133},
Pages = {48-72},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2022.10.002},
Abstract = {What is the role of trade imbalances for the distributional
consequences of globalization? We answer this question
through the lens of a quantitative, general equilibrium,
multi-country, multi-sector model of trade with four key
ingredients: (a) workers with different levels of skills are
organized into separate representative households; (b)
endogenous trade imbalances arise from households’
consumption and saving decisions; (c) production exhibits
capital-skill complementarity; and (d) labor markets feature
both sectoral mobility frictions and non-employment. We
conduct a series of counterfactual experiments that
illustrate the quantitative importance of both trade
imbalances and capital-skill complementarity for the
dynamics of the skill premium. We show that modeling trade
imbalances can lead to stark differences between short- and
long-run consequences of globalization shocks for the skill
premium.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2022.10.002},
Key = {fds364939}
}
@article{fds364940,
Author = {Borusyak, K and Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, B},
Title = {Understanding Migration Responses to Local
Shocks},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds364940}
}
@article{fds364941,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Goldberg, PK and Meghir, C and Ulyssea,
G},
Title = {Trade and Informality in the Presence of Labor Market
Frictions and Regulations},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds364941}
}
@article{fds364944,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Goldberg, P and Meghir, C and Ulyssea,
G},
Title = {Trade and Informality in the Presence of Labor Market
Frictions and Regulations},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {302},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds364944}
}
@article{fds335429,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, BK},
Title = {Margins of labor market adjustment to trade},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {117},
Pages = {125-142},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.01.005},
Abstract = {We use both longitudinal administrative data and
cross-sectional household survey data to study the margins
of labor market adjustment following Brazil's early 1990s
trade liberalization. We document how workers and regional
labor markets adjust to trade-induced changes in local labor
demand, examining various adjustment margins, including
earnings and wage changes; interregional migration; shifts
between tradable and nontradable employment; and shifts
between formal employment, informal employment, and
non-employment. Our results provide insight into the
regional labor market effects of trade, and have important
implications for policies that address informal employment
and that assist trade-displaced workers.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.01.005},
Key = {fds335429}
}
@article{fds325540,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Soares, RR and Ulyssea, G},
Title = {Economic shocks and crime: Evidence from the Brazilian trade
liberalization},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {158-195},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20170080},
Abstract = {This paper studies the effect of changes in economic
conditions on crime. We exploit the 1990s trade
liberalization in Brazil as a natural experiment generating
exogenous shocks to local economies. We document that
regions exposed to larger tariff reductions experienced a
temporary increase in crime following liberalization. Next,
we investigate through what channels the trade-induced
economic shocks may have affected crime. We show that the
shocks had significant effects on potential determinants of
crime, such as labor market conditions, public goods
provision, and income inequality. We propose a novel
framework exploiting the distinct dynamic responses of these
variables to obtain bounds on the effect of labor market
conditions on crime. Our results indicate that this channel
accounts for 75 to 93 percent of the effect of the
trade-induced shocks on crime.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20170080},
Key = {fds325540}
}
@article{fds364948,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, BK},
Title = {Margins of Labor Market Adjustment to Trade},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {248},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds364948}
}
@article{fds364949,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Soares, RR and Ulyssea, G},
Title = {Economic Shocks and Crime: Evidence from the Brazilian Trade
Liberalization},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds364949}
}
@article{fds364950,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, BK},
Title = {Trade Liberalization and Regional Dynamics},
Journal = {USC-INET Research Paper},
Number = {17},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds364950}
}
@article{fds325541,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, BK},
Title = {Trade Liberalization and Regional Dynamics},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {107},
Number = {241},
Pages = {2908-2946},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161214},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20161214},
Key = {fds325541}
}
@article{fds292945,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R and Kovak, BK},
Title = {Trade Liberalization and the Skill Premium: A Local Labor
Markets Approach},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {5},
Pages = {551-557},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151052},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20151052},
Key = {fds292945}
}
@article{fds338218,
Author = {Dix-Carneiro, R},
Title = {Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Dynamics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3},
Pages = {825-885},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta10457},
Abstract = {This paper studies trade-induced transitional dynamics by
estimating a structural dynamic equilibrium model of the
labor market. The model features a multi-sector economy with
overlapping generations, heterogeneous workers, endogenous
accumulation of sector-specific experience and costly
switching of sectors. The estimation employs a large panel
of workers constructed from Brazilian matched
employer-employee data. The model’s estimates yield high
average costs of mobility that are very dispersed across the
population. In addition, sector-specific experience is
imperfectly transferable across sectors, leading to
additional barriers to mobility. Using the estimated model
as a laboratory for counterfactual experiments, this paper
finds that: (1) there is a large labor market response
following trade liberalization but the transition may take
several years; (2) potential aggregate welfare gains are
significantly mitigated due to the slow adjustment; (3)
trade-induced welfare effects are very heterogeneous across
the population; (4) retraining workers initially employed in
the adversely affected sector may reduce losses incurred by
these workers and increase aggregate welfare; (5) a moving
subsidy that covers costs of mobility is more promising for
compensating losers, although at the expense of higher
welfare adjustment costs. The experiments also highlight the
sensitivity of the transitional dynamics with respect to
assumptions regarding the mobility of physical
capital.},
Doi = {10.3982/ecta10457},
Key = {fds338218}
}
@article{fds292949,
Author = {Chatterjee, A and Rafael, DC and Vichyanond, J},
Title = {Multi-product firms and exchange rate fluctuations},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {77-110},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1945-7731},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000318431900004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper studies the effect of exchange rate shocks on
export behavior of multi-product firms. We provide a
theoretical framework illustrating how firms adjust their
prices, quantities, product scope, and sales distribution
across products in the event of exchange rate fluctuations.
In response to a real exchange rate depreciation, firms
increase markups for all products, but markup increases
decline with firm-product-specific marginal costs of
production. We find robust evidence for our theoretical
predictions using Brazilian customs data containing
destination-specific and product-specific export sales and
quantities. The sample period covers the years 1997-2006,
during which Brazil experienced a series of drastic currency
fluctuations.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.5.2.77},
Key = {fds292949}
}
@article{fds292948,
Author = {Brambilla, I and Dix-Carneiro, R and Lederman, D and Porto,
G},
Title = {Skills, exports, and the wages of seven million latin
American workers},
Journal = {World Bank Economic Review},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {34-60},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0258-6770},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000299954700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The returns to schooling and the skill premium are key
parameters in various fields and policy debates, including
the literatures on globalization and inequality,
international migration, and technological change. This
paper explores the skill premium and its correlation with
exports in Latin America, thus linking the skill premium to
the emerging literature on the structure of trade and
development. Using data on employment and wages for over
seven million workers from sixteen Latin American economies,
the authors estimate national and industry-specific returns
to schooling and skill premiums and study some of their
determinants. The evidence suggests that both country and
industry characteristics are important in explaining returns
to schooling and skill premiums. The analyses also suggest
that the incidence of exports within industries, the average
income per capita within countries, and the relative
abundance of skilled workers are related to the underlying
industry and country characteristics that explain these
parameters. In particular, sectoral exports are positively
correlated with the skill premium at the industry level, a
result that supports recent trade models linking exports
with wages and the demand for skills. © The Author 2011.
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE
WORLD BANK. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/wber/lhr020},
Key = {fds292948}
}
@article{fds292947,
Author = {Barroso, LA and Carneiro, RD and Granville, S and Pereira, MV and Fampa,
MHC},
Title = {Nash equilibrium in strategic bidding: A binary expansion
approach},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Power Systems},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {629-638},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0885-8950},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2006.873127},
Abstract = {This paper presents a mixed integer linear programming
solution approach for the equilibrium problem with
equilibrium constraints (EPEC) problem of finding the Nash
equilibrium (NE) in strategic bidding in short-term
electricity markets. A binary expansion (BE) scheme is used
to transform the nonlinear, nonconvex, NE problem into a
mixed integer linear problem (MILP), which can be solved by
commercially available computational systems. The BE scheme
can be applicable to Cournot, Bertrand, or joint
price/quantity bidding models. The approach is illustrated
in case studies with configurations derived from the 95-GW
Brazilian system, including unit-commitment decisions to the
price-maker agents. © 2006 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TPWRS.2006.873127},
Key = {fds292947}
}
@article{fds292946,
Author = {Pereira, MV and Granville, S and Fampa, MHC and Dix, R and Barroso,
LA},
Title = {Strategic bidding under uncertainty: A binary expansion
approach},
Journal = {IEEE Transactions on Power Systems},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {180-188},
Publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2004.840397},
Abstract = {This work presents a binary expansion (BE) solution approach
to the problem of strategic bidding under uncertainty in
short-term electricity markets. The BE scheme is used to
transform the products of variables in the nonlinear bidding
problem into a mixed integer linear programming formulation,
which can be solved by commercially available computational
systems. The BE scheme is applicable to pure price, pure
quantity, or joint price/quantity bidding models. It is also
possible to represent transmission networks, uncertainties
(scenarios for price, quantity, plant availability, and
load), financial instruments, capacity reinforcement
decisions, and unit commitment. The application of the
methodology is illustrated in case studies, with
configurations derived from the 80-GW Brazilian system. ©
2005 IEEE.},
Doi = {10.1109/TPWRS.2004.840397},
Key = {fds292946}
}
%% Dominguez, Matthew J.
@article{fds180875,
Author = {James P. LeSage and Matthew Dominguez},
Title = {The importance of modeling spatial spillovers in public
choice analysis},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-010-9714-6},
Keywords = {spatial dependence spatial regression models spatial
spillovers},
Abstract = {It is frequently assumed that regional observations on local
government behavior, voters, regional taxes, etc. can be
analyzed using ordinary least-squares (OLS) methods. We
discuss spatial regression models in empirical studies of
public choice issues using impacts arising from population
migration on the provision of county-level government
services as an illustration. Spatial regressions allow an
examination of the direct and indirect (spatial spillover)
effects which taken together determine the total impact (on
the dependent variable) arising from a change in the
explanatory variables. This decomposition should be quite
useful in empirical public choice studies.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-010-9714-6},
Key = {fds180875}
}
%% Dorobantu, Florin A
@article{fds50318,
Title = {Syndication and Partial Exit in Venture Capital: A Signaling
Approach},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~fad4/documents/jmp.pdf},
Abstract = {In this paper I introduce a model of syndication in venture
capital investments. Using a signaling game in which the
sender's payoff depends on both the equilibrium signal and
the sender's true type, I show that syndication in the
second or a later financing round can arise as a signaling
device used by the venture capitalist to credibly
communicate private information about his project-selection
ability to potential investors in a follow-on fund. During
initial involvement with the entrepreneur, the venture
capitalist becomes informed about his ability by observing
the quality of the firm he invested in. He then sends a
costly signal in the form of an underpriced partial exit of
the venture capital fund from the portfolio firm - a
syndicated financing round in which the fund reduces its
share in the firm, essentially selling a fraction of the
fund's ownership share at a low price relative to its
expected value. In equilibrium, only the high-ability
venture capitalist is willing to undertake costly
syndication, because he expects high gains from managing the
follow-on fund. The model generates predictions that are
consistent with empirical evidence about the performance of
syndicated investments, as well as novel predictions that
can be tested empirically.},
Key = {fds50318}
}
@article{fds50319,
Title = {Information Disclosure in Speculative Markets},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~fad4/documents/wp.pdf},
Abstract = {When investors hold different opinions about the value of an
asset, prices can diverge from fundamental values and
incorporate a speculative component. This paper analyzes the
effect of such a speculative environment on managerial
incentives to voluntarily disclose information about the
value of the firm. I show that differences of opinion, when
they induce a speculative premium, increase the threshold
for information disclosure thereby reducing the likelihood
that voluntary disclosure of information occurs. The model
generates testable empirical implications about the
propensity to issue management earnings forecasts.},
Key = {fds50319}
}
@article{fds50320,
Title = {Entrepreneurial Competition and Venture Capital
Financing},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {In this paper I undertake a theoretical analysis of the
effect of competition between entrepreneurs on the type of
financing that they can obtain, focusing on the distinction
between relationship financing, such as venture capital, and
arm's length financing, such as that provided by angel
investors. In a model with incomplete contracts and moral
hazard generated by the ability of the entrepreneur to
divert the investor's money toward private ends (such as
research unrelated to the commercial success of the
project), I show that (1) competition can enlarge the range
of projects that receive funding in equilibrium, by reducing
the future payoffs of the entrepreneur (obtainable if
investment is postponed in the current period for the
benefits of diversion), and (2) this efficiency enhancing
effect of competition is more likely to occur when financing
is arm's length, suggesting that venture capital funding
should be more frequent in environments characterized by
little entrepreneurial competition.},
Key = {fds50320}
}
%% Duarte, Pedro G.
@article{fds50327,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte},
Title = {Visiting Frank P. Ramsey: The Public Finance Concept of
Optimal Monetary Policy},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds50327}
}
@article{fds32755,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte},
Title = {A Feasible and Objective Concept of Optimality: the
quadratic loss function and U.S. monetary policy in the
1960s and the 1970s},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {The introduction of linear-quadratic methods in monetary
economics in the 1960s tinged the intense debate about the
optimal monetary policy instrument. These methods were
widely used outside monetary economics because they
delivered easy solutions to complex stochastic models. This
same reason explains the success of quadratic loss functions
according to the conventional wisdom among monetary
economists. In this traditional narrative, Henri Theil and
Herbert Simon are often cited by their proofs that models
with quadratic objective functions have the certainty
equivalence property. This attribute made the solution of
these models feasible for the computers available at that
time. This paper shows how the use of a quadratic loss
function to characterize the behavior of central banks
inaugurated an objective or uniform way of talking about
optimality. In this respect, the discourse on optimal
monetary policy stabilized. Moreover, a richer account of
the quadratic approach to monetary policy debate emerges by
analyzing how quadratic loss functions were used in
operations research and management problems, by groups of
scientists that included economists like Modigliani and
Simon. I argue that feasibility is only one important
factor, among others explored in the paper, explaining the
wide popularity of quadratic functions in monetary
economics.},
Key = {fds32755}
}
@article{fds50328,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte},
Title = {Review of Mark Skousen 'Vienna and Chicago, Friends or Foes?
A Tale of Two Schools of Free-Market Economics'},
Journal = {Economic History Services (EH.Net)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
url = {http://eh.net/bookreviews/library/1050.shtml},
Key = {fds50328}
}
@article{fds38294,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte},
Title = {Exchange Rate Determination, Price Stickiness, and Currency
Crises},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds38294}
}
@unpublished{fds26090,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte},
Title = {A History of Time in Economics: does it matter?},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Time is a crucial element to economics, since, quoting
Jevons, “we live in time, and think and act in time; we
are in fact altogether the creatures of time.” There are
two dimensions of time in economics: “chronological” and
“theoretical” time. The former corresponds to time
reflected in the past, the present and the future (three
months or centuries ahead). The latter, which may or may not
coincide with chronological time, denotes the concept of
time implicit in models. The paper analyzes the works of
Ricardo, Bailey, Jevons, Fisher and Veblen and tries to
contrast the different concepts of time they have. Among
other things, it argues that, in spite of important
differences among their scientific research programs,
classical and neoclassical economists proposed a similar
distance between theoretical and chronological time. The
institutionalists, on the other hand, advocated that
economic models should approximate as much as possible those
elements, at the cost of losing the ability to generalize
(something valued by classical and neoclassical economists).
Those differences can be better understood after taking into
account the profound changes that happened from the 18th to
the end of the 19th centuries. In particular, the Newtonian
view of absolute time and space present in the 18th century,
and its replacement by the relative times with the theory of
relativity is an important feature. Time matters not only
because economics is a science of time, but also because it
is developed over time.},
Key = {fds26090}
}
@article{fds26091,
Author = {Pedro G. Duarte and Dionísio D. Carneiro},
Title = {Interest Rate Inertia and Taylor Rules -- exploring impulse
response functions in a general equilibrium model calibrated
to the Brazilian economy (in Portuguese)},
Journal = {Discussion Paper},
Number = {450},
Publisher = {Department of Economics -- PUC-Rio},
Year = {2001},
Abstract = {The fit of empirical Taylor Rules to Brazilian data improves
if we consider the hypothesis of interest rate inertia.
Inertia seems to be part of monetary policy of several
countries and reflects the action of Central Banks of not
adjusting once-for-all to changing conditions. This article
extends the concept of inertia considered by Duarte (2001)
in the general intertemporal equilibrium model developed by
Woodford (2000 (b)), which corresponds to the monetary shock
first-order autoregressive coefficient. We explore here the
concept of inertia related to the presence of first lag of
interest rate in the three Taylor rules examined in
characterization of impulse response functions of variables
to a monetary shock. The short run response of variables and
the time it takes for their return to equilibrium depend
more on the autoregressive coefficient of the shock than on
the interest rate inertia. But this inertia is important
when the Taylor Rule includes lagged inflation and output
because in this case, a smaller oscillation of the response
of variables to shocks is obtained. It is also important in
the case of forward looking Taylor Rule.},
Key = {fds26091}
}
%% Eldar, Ofer
@article{fds363810,
Author = {Eldar, O and Rauterberg, GV},
Title = {Is Corporate Law Nonpartisan?},
Journal = {Wisconsin Law Review},
Volume = {2023},
Number = {1},
Pages = {177-236},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds363810}
}
@article{fds363811,
Author = {Eldar, O and Garber, C},
Title = {Does Government Play Favorites? Evidence from Opportunity
Zones},
Journal = {Journal of Law & Economics},
Volume = {102},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1397-1440},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds363811}
}
@misc{fds367742,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {Are Enterprise Foundations Possible in the United
States?},
Booktitle = {Enterprise Foundation Law in a Comparative
Perspective},
Publisher = {Intersentia},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds367742}
}
@misc{fds369000,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {The Governance of Entrepreneurship},
Booktitle = {Research Agenda for Corporate Law},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds369000}
}
@article{fds352952,
Author = {Eldar, O and Aggarwal, D and Hochberg, Y and Litov,
L},
Title = {The Rise of Dual-Class Stock IPOs},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {144},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122-153},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds352952}
}
@article{fds353812,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {A Lawyers' Guide to Empirical Corporate Governance},
Journal = {Stanford Journal of Law, Business, and Finance},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-93},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds353812}
}
@article{fds365677,
Author = {Eldar, O and Kirmse, T and Wittry, M},
Title = {The Rise of Anti-Activist Poison Pills},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds365677}
}
@article{fds368865,
Author = {Eldar, O and Loo, RV},
Title = {Universal Ownership},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds368865}
}
@article{fds369001,
Author = {Eldar, O and Nili, Y and Pinnington, J},
Title = {Common Ownership Directors},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds369001}
}
@article{fds349591,
Author = {Eldar, O and Wittry, M},
Title = {Crisis Poison Pills},
Journal = {Review of Corporate Finance Studies},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {204-251},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds349591}
}
@article{fds355501,
Author = {Eldar, O and Grennan, J},
Title = {Common Ownership and Entrepreneurship},
Journal = {Aea Papers and Proceedings},
Volume = {111},
Pages = {582-586},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds355501}
}
@article{fds352736,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {To Make a Difference, Businesses Must Have a Stake in Social
Missions},
Journal = {Promarket},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds352736}
}
@article{fds349593,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {Designing Business Forms to Pursue Social
Goals},
Journal = {Virginia Law Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {4},
Pages = {937-1005},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds349593}
}
@article{fds349594,
Author = {Eldar, O and Grennan, J and Waldock, K},
Title = {Common Venture Capital Investors and Startup
Growth},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds349594}
}
@article{fds349589,
Author = {Eldar, O and Magnolfi, L},
Title = {Regulatory Competition and the Market for Corporate
Law},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {60-98},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds349589}
}
@article{fds349590,
Author = {Eldar, O and Aggarwal, D and Choi, A},
Title = {Federal Forum Provisions and the Internal Affairs
Doctrine},
Journal = {Harvard Business Law Review},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {383-434},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds349590}
}
@article{fds349592,
Author = {Eldar, O and Verstein, A},
Title = {The Enduring Distinction Between Business Entities and
Security Interests},
Journal = {Southern California Law Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {213-271},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds349592}
}
@article{fds349597,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {The Organization of Social Enterprises: Transacting Versus
Giving},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds349597}
}
@article{fds349595,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {Can Lax Corporate Law Increase Shareholder Value? Evidence
from Nevada},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {555-605},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds349595}
}
@article{fds349596,
Author = {Eldar, O and Sukhatme, N},
Title = {Will Delaware Be Different? An Empirical Study of TC
Heartland and the Shift to Defendant Choice of
Venue},
Journal = {Cornell Law Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {1},
Pages = {101-164},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds349596}
}
@article{fds349598,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {The Role of Social Enterprise and Hybrid
Organizations},
Journal = {Columbia Business Law Review},
Volume = {2017},
Pages = {92-194},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds349598}
}
@article{fds349599,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {Vote-Trading in International Institutions},
Journal = {European Journal of International Law},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-41},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds349599}
}
@article{fds349600,
Author = {Eldar, O},
Title = {Reform of IMF Conditionality - A Proposal for Self-Imposed
Conditionality},
Journal = {Journal of International Economic Law},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {509-549},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds349600}
}
%% Ellickson, Paul
@article{fds43283,
Author = {P.B. Ellickson},
Title = {Quality Competition in Retailing: A Structural
Analysis},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds43283}
}
@article{fds51418,
Author = {P.B. Ellickson},
Title = {Does Sutton Apply to Supermarkets?},
Journal = {The RAND Journal of Economics},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds51418}
}
@article{fds51419,
Author = {P.B. Ellickson and Sanjog Misra},
Title = {"Supermarket Pricing Strategies"},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds51419}
}
@misc{fds10868,
Author = {P.B. Ellickson and S. Stern and M. Trajtenberg},
Title = {"Patient Welfare and Patient Compliance: An Empirical
Framework for Measuring the Benefits from Pharmaceutical
Innovation"},
Booktitle = {Medical Care Output and Productivity},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Ernst Berndt and David Cutler},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds10868}
}
%% Eraker, Bjorn
@article{fds14241,
Author = {B. Eraker},
Title = {Do Stock Prices and Volatility Jump? Reconciling Evidence
from Spot and Option Prices},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {xxx},
Pages = {yyyy},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds14241}
}
@article{fds14238,
Author = {B. Eraker},
Title = {Do Stock Prices and Volatility Jump? Reconciling Evidence
from Spot and Option Prices},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14238}
}
@article{fds14242,
Author = {B. Eraker},
Title = {Do Stock Prices and Volatility Jump? Reconciling Evidence
from Spot and Option Prices},
Booktitle = {Journal of Finance, forthcoming},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14242}
}
@article{fds14237,
Author = {B. Eraker and M. Johannes and N. Polson},
Title = {The Impact of Jumps in Returns and Volatility},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {1269-1300},
Publisher = {American Finance Association},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~bjorne},
Key = {fds14237}
}
@article{fds11897,
Author = {B. Eraker},
Title = {"MCMC Analysis of Diffusion Processes with Application to
Finance"},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {177-191},
Year = {2001},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds11897}
}
%% Falba, Tracy
@article{fds238094,
Author = {Falba, TA and Sindelar, JL and Gallo, WT},
Title = {Work Expectations, Realizations, and Depression in Older
Workers},
Journal = {Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {175-186},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1091-4358},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000273277800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238094}
}
@article{fds325831,
Author = {Gueorguieva, R and Sindelar, JL and Falba, TA and Fletcher, JM and Keenan, P and Wu, R and Gallo, WT},
Title = {The impact of occupation on self-rated health:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the health
and retirement survey},
Journal = {Journals of Gerontology: Series B},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {118-124},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbn006},
Abstract = {Background. The objective of this study is to estimate
occupational differences in self-rated health, both in
cross-section and over time, among older individuals.
Methods. We use hierarchical linear models to estimate
self-reported health as a function of 8 occupational
categories and key covariates. We examine self-reported
health status over 7 waves (12 years) of the Health and
Retirement Study. Our study sample includes 9,586
individuals with 55,389 observations. Longest occupation is
used to measure the cumulative i mpact of occupation,
address the potential for reverse causality, and allow the
inclusion of all older individuals, including those no
longer working. Results. Significant baseline differences in
self-reported health by occupation are found even after
accounting for demographics, health habits, economic
attributes, and employment characteristics. But contrary to
our hypothesis, there is no support for significant
differences in slopes of health trajectories even after
accounting for dropout. Conclusions. Our findings suggest
that occupation-related differences found at baseline are
durable and persist as individuals age. © The Author 2009.
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The
Gerontological Society of America. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbn006},
Key = {fds325831}
}
@article{RefWorks:96,
Author = {Falba, TA and Sindelar, JL},
Title = {Spousal concordance in health behavior change},
Journal = {Health Services Research},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {96-116},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/},
Keywords = {spouse; smoking; alcohol; exercise; preventive services;
smoking-cessation; husbands; marriage; support; maintenance;
patterns; families; history; model},
Abstract = {Objective. This study examines the degree to which a married
individual's health habits and use of preventive medical
care are influenced by his or her spouse's behaviors. Study
Design. Using longitudinal data on individuals and their
spouses, we examine changes over time in the health habits
of each person as a function of changes in his or her
spouse's health habits. Specifically, we analyze changes in
smoking, drinking, exercising, cholesterol screening, and
obtaining a flu shot. Data Source. This study uses data from
the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally
representative sample of individuals born between 1931 and
1941 and their spouses. Beginning in 1992, 12,652 persons
(age-eligible individuals as well as their spouses) from
7,702 households were surveyed about many aspects of their
life, including health behaviors, use of preventive
services, and disease diagnosis. Sample. The analytic sample
includes 6,072 individuals who are married at the time of
the initial HRS survey and who remain married and in the
sample at the time of the 1996 and 2000 waves. Principal
Findings. We consistently find that when one spouse improves
his or her behavior, the other spouse is likely to do so as
well. This is found across all the behaviors analyzed, and
persists despite controlling for many other factors.
Conclusions. Simultaneous changes occur in a number of
health behaviors. This conclusion has prescriptive
implications for developing interventions, treatments, and
policies to improve health habits and for evaluating the
impact of such measures.},
Key = {RefWorks:96}
}
@article{RefWorks:95,
Author = {McKee, SA and Falba, T and O'Malley, SS and Sindelar, J and O'Connor,
PG},
Title = {Smoking status as a clinical indicator for alcohol misuse in
US adults.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {167},
Number = {7},
Pages = {716-721},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {0003-9926 (Print)},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17420431},
Keywords = {Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Drinking/*epidemiology;
Alcoholism/*epidemiology; Humans; Smoking/*epidemiology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Screening for alcohol use in primary care
settings is recommended by clinical care guidelines but is
not adhered to as strongly as screening for smoking. It has
been proposed that smoking status could be used to enhance
the identification of alcohol misuse in primary care and
other medical settings, but national data are lacking. Our
objective was to investigate smoking status as a clinical
indicator for alcohol misuse in a national sample of US
adults, following clinical care guidelines for the
assessment of these behaviors. METHODS: Analyses are based
on a sample of 42 374 US adults from the National
Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
(Wave I, 2001-2002). Odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence
intervals (CIs), and test characteristics (sensitivity,
specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and
positive likelihood ratio of smoking behavior [daily,
occasional, or former]) were determined for the detection of
hazardous drinking behavior and alcohol-related diagnoses,
assessed by the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated
Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV. RESULTS: Daily,
occasional, and ex-smokers were more likely than never
smokers to be hazardous drinkers (OR, 3.23 [95% CI,
3.02-3.46]; OR, 5.33 [95% CI, 4.70-6.04]; OR, 1.19 [95% CI,
1.10-1.28], respectively). Daily and occasional smokers were
more likely to meet criteria for alcohol diagnoses (OR, 3.52
[95% CI, 3.19-3.90] and OR, 5.39 [95% CI, 4.60-6.31],
respectively). For the detection of hazardous drinking by
current smoking (occasional smokers + daily smokers),
sensitivity was 42.5%; specificity, 81.9%; positive
predictive value, 45.3% (vs population rate of 26.1%); and
positive likelihood ratio, 2.34. For the detection of
alcohol diagnoses by current smoking, sensitivity was 51.4%;
specificity, 78.0%; positive predictive value, 17.8% (vs
population rate of 8.5%); and positive likelihood ratio,
2.33. CONCLUSIONS: Occasional and daily smokers were at
heightened risk for hazardous drinking and alcohol use
diagnoses. Smoking status can be used as a clinical
indicator for alcohol misuse and as a reminder for alcohol
screening in general.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.167.7.716},
Key = {RefWorks:95}
}
@article{RefWorks:94,
Author = {Gallo, WT and Teng, HM and Falba, TA and Kasl, SV and Krumholz, HM and Bradley, EH},
Title = {The impact of late career job loss on myocardial infarction
and stroke: a 10 year follow up using the health and
retirement survey},
Journal = {Occupational and environmental medicine},
Volume = {63},
Number = {10},
Pages = {683-687},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {1351-0711},
ISSN = {1351-0711},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000240556800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Keywords = {CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DISPLACED WORKERS; OLDER WORKERS;
RISK-FACTOR; EARNINGS LOSSES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNEMPLOYMENT;
MORTALITY; MEN},
Doi = {10.1136/oem.2006.026823},
Key = {RefWorks:94}
}
@article{RefWorks:93,
Author = {Gallo, WT and Bradley, EH and Dubin, JA and Jones, RN and Falba, TA and Teng, HM and Kasl, SV},
Title = {The persistence of depressive symptoms in older workers who
experience involuntary job loss: Results from the health and
retirement survey},
Journal = {Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and
Social Sciences},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {S221-S228},
Year = {2006},
ISBN = {1079-5014},
Keywords = {PROLONGED UNEMPLOYMENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT; MENTAL-HEALTH;
RISK-FACTORS; FOLLOW-UP; EMPLOYMENT; VULNERABILITY;
DISPLACEMENT; REEMPLOYMENT; TRANSITIONS},
Key = {RefWorks:93}
}
@article{RefWorks:89,
Author = {Falba, T and Teng, H-M and Sindelar, JL and Gallo,
WT},
Title = {The effect of involuntary job loss on smoking intensity and
relapse.},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {100},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1330-1339},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {0965-2140},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16128722},
Keywords = {employment; involuntary job loss; older workers; smoking
relapse; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; OLDER ADULTS; HEALTH; CESSATION;
UNEMPLOYMENT; STRESS; PREDICTORS; CONSEQUENCES; RETIREMENT;
SMOKERS},
Abstract = {AIMS: To assess the impact of involuntary job loss due to
plant closure or layoff on relapse to smoking and smoking
intensity among older workers. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, SAMPLE:
Data come from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally
representative survey of older Americans aged 51-61 in 1991
followed every 2 years beginning in 1992. The 3052
participants who were working at the initial wave and had
any history of smoking comprise the main sample. METHODS:
Primary outcomes are smoking relapse at wave 2 (1994) among
baseline former smokers, and smoking quantity at wave 2
among baseline current smokers. As reported at the wave 2
follow-up, 6.8% of the sample experienced an involuntary job
loss between waves 1 and 2. FINDINGS: Older workers have
over two times greater odds of relapse subsequent to
involuntary job loss than those who did not. Further, those
who were current smokers prior to displacement that did not
obtain new employment were found to be smoking more
cigarettes, on average, post-job loss. CONCLUSIONS: The
stress of job loss, along with other significant changes
associated with leaving one's job, which would tend to
increase cigarette consumption, must outweigh the financial
hardship which would tend to reduce consumption. This
highlights job loss as an important health risk factor for
older smokers.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01150.x},
Key = {RefWorks:89}
}
@article{RefWorks:88,
Author = {Falba, T},
Title = {Health events and the smoking cessation of middle aged
Americans.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-33},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {0160-7715},
ISSN = {0160-7715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15887873},
Keywords = {smoking cessation; Health and Retirement Study; health
events; longitudinal studies; health behavior; HOSPITALIZED
SMOKERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DISEASE; RISK; INTERVENTION;
PERCEPTIONS; RETIREMENT; REDUCTION; BENEFITS;
ADULTS},
Abstract = {This study investigates the effect of serious health events
including new diagnoses of heart attacks, strokes, cancers,
chronic lung disease, chronic heart failure, diabetes, and
heart disease on future smoking status up to 6 years
postevent. Data come from the Health and Retirement Study, a
nationally representative longitudinal survey of Americans
aged 51-61 in 1991, followed every 2 years from 1992 to
1998. Smoking status is evaluated at each of three
follow-ups, (1994, 1996, and 1998) as a function of health
events between each of the four waves. Acute and chronic
health events are associated with much lower likelihood of
smoking both in the wave immediately following the event and
up to 6 years later. However, future events do not
retrospectively predict past cessation. In sum, serious
health events have substantial impacts on cessation rates of
older smokers. Notably, these effects persist for as much as
6 years after a health event.},
Key = {RefWorks:88}
}
@article{RefWorks:90,
Author = {Falba, TA and Busch, SH},
Title = {Survival expectations of the obese: Is excess mortality
reflected in perceptions?},
Journal = {Obesity Research},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {754-761},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {1071-7323},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2624 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {BMI; subjective survival; longevity; health and retirement
study; BODY-MASS INDEX; UNITED-STATES; LIFE EXPECTANCY;
OLDER PERSONS; US; ADULTS; FOLLOW-UP; WEIGHT; HEALTH; WOMEN;
RETIREMENT},
Abstract = {Abstract},
Key = {RefWorks:90}
}
@article{RefWorks:91,
Author = {Jofre Bonet and M and Busch, SH and Falba, TA and Sindelar,
JL},
Title = {Poor mental health and smoking: Interactive impact on
wages},
Journal = {Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {193-203},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {1091-4358},
Keywords = {PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ABSENTEEISM;
ALCOHOLISM; PREVALENCE; SELECTION; ERROR;
BIAS},
Key = {RefWorks:91}
}
@article{RefWorks:92,
Author = {Sindelar, JL and Duchovny, N and Falba, TA and Busch,
SH},
Title = {If smoking increases absences, does quitting reduce
them?},
Journal = {Tobacco Control},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {99-105},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {0964-4563},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2630 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SICKNESS ABSENCE; ECONOMIC COSTS; HEALTH;
ABSENTEEISM; CESSATION; SMOKERS; WORK; POPULATION;
PREDICTORS},
Key = {RefWorks:92}
}
@article{RefWorks:98,
Author = {Gallo, W and Bradley, E and Lim, S and Dubin, J and Teng, H and Leo-Summers, L and Gill, T and Falba, T},
Title = {Differential effects of involuntary job loss among older
workers: A follow-up study using the health and retirement
survey},
Journal = {The Gerontologist},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {614-614},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {0016-9013},
ISSN = {0016-9013},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000225458802516&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {RefWorks:98}
}
@article{RefWorks:86,
Author = {Sindelar, J and Falba, T},
Title = {Securitization of tobacco settlement payments to reduce
states' conflict of interest.},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {23},
Number = {5},
Pages = {188-193},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {0278-2715},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15371384},
Abstract = {Securitization of the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA)
payments from tobacco companies is hotly debated in states
and policy circles. Securitization is issuing a bond backed
by future payments in return for up-front money. Many public
health advocates are strongly against securitization.
However, securitization itself does not rob states of
tobacco control. Rather, the issue is lack of commitment to
tobacco control by states. Further, securitization can
mitigate states' conflict of interest between keeping
tobacco companies fiscally healthy to ensure their MSA
payments and reducing tobacco sales for health reasons.
States should not align with tobacco companies with the
common interest of keeping tobacco companies fiscally
healthy.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.23.5.188},
Key = {RefWorks:86}
}
@article{RefWorks:82,
Author = {Busch, S and Falba, T and Duchovny, N and Jofre-Bonet, M and O'Malley,
S and Sindelar, J},
Title = {Value to smokers of improved cessation products: evidence
from a willingness-to-pay survey.},
Journal = {Nicotine and Tobacco Research (OUP)},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {631-639},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {1462-2203},
ISSN = {1462-2203},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15370159},
Keywords = {CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD; QUALITY-OF-LIFE;
SMOKING-CESSATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; WEIGHT-GAIN;
HEALTH-CARE; FEASIBILITY},
Abstract = {The present study demonstrated the use of willingness to pay
to value hypothetical new smoking cessation products. Data
came from a baseline survey of participants in a clinical
trial of medications for smoking cessation (N=356) conducted
in New Haven, Connecticut. We analyzed individual
willingness to pay for a hypothetical tobacco cessation
treatment that is (a) more effective than those currently
available and then (b) more effective and attenuates the
weight gain often associated with smoking cessation. A
majority of the respondents (n=280; 84%) were willing to pay
for the more effective treatment, and, of those, 175 (63%)
were willing to pay more if the increased effectiveness was
accompanied by attenuation of the weight gain associated
with smoking cessation. The present study suggests the
validity of using willingness-to-pay surveys in assessing
the value of new smoking cessation products and products
with multifaceted improvements. From these data, we
calculated estimates of the value of a quit. For the
population studied, this survey suggests a substantial
market for more effective smoking cessation
treatments.},
Doi = {10.1080/14622200410001727885},
Key = {RefWorks:82}
}
@article{RefWorks:87,
Author = {Snyder, A and Falba, T and Busch, S and Sindelar,
J},
Title = {Are State legislatures responding to public opinion when
allocating funds for tobacco control programs?},
Journal = {Health Promotion Practice},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3 Suppl},
Pages = {35S-45S},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1524-8399},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15231095},
Keywords = {Health Promotion/*economics; Humans; Politics; *Public
Opinion; *Resource Allocation; Smoking/epidemiology/*prevention
& control; *State Government; Tobacco Industry/economics/*legislation
& jurisprudence; United States/epidemiology},
Abstract = {This study explored the factors associated with state-level
allocations to tobacco-control programs. The primary
research question was whether public sentiment regarding
tobacco control was a significant factor in the states' 2001
budget decisions. In addition to public opinion, several
additional political and economic measures were considered.
Significant associations were found between our outcome,
state-level tobacco-control funding per capita, and key
variables of interest including public opinion, amount of
tobacco settlement received, the party affiliation of the
governor, the state's smoking rate, excise tax revenue
received, and whether the state was a major producer of
tobacco. The findings from this study supported our
hypothesis that states with citizens who favor more
restrictive indoor air policies allocate more to tobacco
control. Effective public education to change public opinion
and the cultural norms surrounding smoking may affect
political decisions and, in turn, increase funding for
crucial public health programs.},
Doi = {10.1177/1524839904264591},
Key = {RefWorks:87}
}
@article{RefWorks:84,
Author = {Falba, T and Jofre-Bonet, M and Busch, S and Duchovny, N and Sindelar,
J},
Title = {Reduction of quantity smoked predicts future cessation among
older smokers.},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-102},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0965-2140},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14678067},
Keywords = {cigarette fading; health and retirement study; longitudinal
study; reduced smoking; smoking cessation; tobacco use;
CIGARETTE ABSTINENCE; FOLLOW-UP; INTERVENTION; DEPENDENCE;
PROGRAM; ABRUPT; TRIAL},
Abstract = {AIM: To examine whether smokers who reduce their quantity of
cigarettes smoked between two periods are more or less
likely to quit subsequently. STUDY DESIGN: Data come from
the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative
survey of older Americans aged 51-61 in 1991 followed every
2 years from 1992 to 1998. The 2064 participants smoking at
baseline and the first follow-up comprise the main sample.
MEASUREMENTS: Smoking cessation by 1996 is examined as the
primary outcome. A secondary outcome is relapse by 1998.
Spontaneous changes in smoking quantity between the first
two waves make up the key predictor variables. Control
variables include gender, age, education, race, marital
status, alcohol use, psychiatric problems, acute or chronic
health problems and smoking quantity. FINDINGS: Large (over
50%) and even moderate (25-50%) reductions in quantity
smoked between 1992 and 1994 predict prospectively increased
likelihood of cessation in 1996 compared to no change in
quantity (OR 2.96, P<0.001 and OR 1.61, P<0.01,
respectively). Additionally, those who reduced and then quit
were somewhat less likely to relapse by 1998 than those who
did not reduce in the 2 years prior to quitting.
CONCLUSIONS: Reducing successfully the quantity of
cigarettes smoked appears to have a beneficial effect on
future cessation likelihood, even after controlling for
initial smoking level and other variables known to impact
smoking cessation. These results indicate that the harm
reduction strategy of reduced smoking warrants further
study.},
Key = {RefWorks:84}
}
@article{RefWorks:83,
Author = {Busch, S and Jofre-Bonet, M and Falba, T and Sindelar,
J},
Title = {Burning a Hole in the Budget: Tobacco Spending and its
Crowd-Out of Other Goods},
Journal = {Applied Health Economics and Health Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {263-272},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2862 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Smoking is an expensive habit. Smoking households spend, on
average, more than $US1000 annually on cigarettes. When a
family member quits, in addition to the former
smoker},
Key = {RefWorks:83}
}
@article{RefWorks:85,
Author = {Gallo, WT and Bradley, EH and Falba, TA and Dubin, JA and Cramer, LD and Bogardus, ST and Kasl, SV},
Title = {Involuntary job loss as a risk factor for subsequent
myocardial infarction and stroke: Findings from the Health
and Retirement Survey},
Journal = {American Journal of Industrial Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {5},
Pages = {408-416},
Year = {2004},
ISBN = {0271-3586},
Keywords = {job loss; unemployment; incidence; myocardial infarction;
stroke; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE;
UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; OLDER WORKERS;
MORTALITY; IMPACT; PREVENTION; FRAMINGHAM},
Key = {RefWorks:85}
}
@article{RefWorks:81,
Author = {McKee, SA and Maciejewski, PK and Falba, T and Mazure,
CM},
Title = {Sex differences in the effects of stressful life events on
changes in smoking status.},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {98},
Number = {6},
Pages = {847-855},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {0965-2140},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12780373},
Keywords = {epidemiology; life events; sex differences; smoking; stress;
SOCIAL SUPPORT; GENDER DIFFERENCES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING;
COPING; RESPONSES; CESSATION; RELAPSE; HEALTH; STUDENTS;
PHYSICIAN; SYMPTOMS},
Abstract = {AIMS: Stressful life events known to be associated with
substance use were examined to determine if there were
sex-specific responses to stress resulting in changes in
smoking status. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS: A
community-based sample of ever smokers from the Americans'
Changing Lives study (n = 1512, 45% female based on sample
weights) was used to examine the interactive effects of sex
and stressful life events on the likelihood of two outcomes;
relapse among former smokers and failure to quit among
current smokers. Logistic regression procedures were used to
calculate odds ratios. Factors known to be associated with
smoking status (e.g. depression, self-esteem, social
support) were assessed as control variables. FINDINGS: In
the sample of former smokers (n = 729) interpersonal loss
events were associated with continued abstinence, whereas
change of residence and adverse financial events were
associated with increased occurrence of relapse. Women were
more likely than men to relapse in response to a financial
event. In the sample of current smokers (n = 783), financial
events were associated with continued smoking, whereas
health events were associated with increased likelihood of
quitting. Women were more likely than men to continue
smoking in the presence of an adverse financial event and
less likely than men to quit in response to an adverse
health event. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, stressful life events
appear to have a greater deleterious effect on continued
abstinence and the ability to quit smoking for women when
compared to men. In particular, health and financial events
are important risk factors for women and tobacco
use.},
Key = {RefWorks:81}
}
%% Fang, Edward H.
@article{fds26728,
Author = {E.H. Fang},
Title = {Time-varying Expected Consumption Growth and Cross-sectional
Equity Returns},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~hf/consumption.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper explains cross-sectional stock return patterns
with a consumption-based intertemporal asset-pricing model
by allowing for time-varying expected consumption growth
under non-expected utility. The predictability in the
consumption growth together with the recursive nature of the
utility makes the long-term expected growth news a new risk
factor. The expected growth news is identified through a VAR
specification of the consumption growth with a set of
information variables commonly used for forecasting business
cycles. Under this specification, strong empirical support
is found for long-term consumption growth predictability.
The model does a superb job in fitting cross- sectional
return patterns. In particular, the model explains the size
and book-to-market effects better than a host of benchmark
models, which suggests that the size and book-to-market
effects are consistent with risks associated with long-run
consumption growth opportunities. The model also provides a
structural link between the macroeconomic news and the
systematic risks in the financial market through
restrictions implied by the consumption growth
predictability. Findings in this paper suggest that the
aggregate cash flow dynamics is an important aspect for
intertemporal asset pricing.},
Key = {fds26728}
}
%% Faruk, Avinno
@article{fds365946,
Author = {Bidisha, SH and Faruk, A and Mahmood, T},
Title = {How Are Women Faring in the Bangladeshi Labour Market?
Evidence from Labour Force Survey Data*},
Journal = {South Asia Economic Journal},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-227},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13915614221108564},
Abstract = {In Bangladesh, despite increased participation in the labour
market in recent decades, women are still lagging behind men
by a significant margin, with the former being concentrated
chiefly in low-paid agriculture as well as in the lower
stages of the occupational ladder. With the help of the
latest labour market data of 2016–2017 coupled with 2011
census data, this article attempts to examine gender
segregation through sectoral and occupational lenses. Our
econometric estimation of different sectors (agriculture,
manufacturing, construction and service) reflects the
importance of gender-centric factors such as care burden and
marital status along with local employment opportunities in
constraining women’s labour market engagement. Besides,
decomposition analysis highlights that unfavourable returns
to endowments play a crucial role in females’
concentration in relatively low-productive sectors. Sectoral
and occupational segregation indices reflect a high degree
of segregation between men and women. Thus, against the
backdrop of the concentration of women in low-skilled jobs
and a low-productive sector, this article expects to provide
important policy insights for boosting female employment in
relatively high-productive sectors and high-paid occupations
while utilizing the structural shift in the labour market of
Bangladesh. JEL Classifications: J16, J21, J71, J62, C25,
O53},
Doi = {10.1177/13915614221108564},
Key = {fds365946}
}
@article{fds365945,
Author = {Faruk, A and Quddus, IA},
Title = {COVID-19 Vaccination: Willingness and practice in
Bangladesh.},
Journal = {Development policy review : the journal of the Overseas
Development Institute},
Pages = {e12645},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12645},
Abstract = {<h4>Motivation</h4>Mass adult immunization for COVID-19,
coupled with the urgency, is a challenge for any
lower-middle-income country (LMIC) like Bangladesh. Our
analysis focuses on demand-side constraints early in the
vaccination campaign to help gauge vaccine acceptability and
potential contributing factors. Identifying registration and
compliance challenges early on will help ensure a seamless
immunization programme.<h4>Purpose</h4>We seek to identify
subgroups who may need specific interventions by comparing
willingness to be vaccinated and registration behaviour, and
to understand how actual registration and take-up decisions
compare between rural and urban slum regions.<h4>Approach
and methods</h4>We use data from three surveys conducted
between late January and early September 2021. The article
includes a nationally representative survey on vaccine
acceptability and a study on vaccination rollout behaviour
in rural and urban slums.<h4>Findings</h4>Willingness was
not an issue in Bangladesh, but the weak link was getting
individuals to register. Once they did, compliance was very
high. When the information gap regarding registration was
addressed by campaigning, registration and take-up
increased. Confidence in public service delivery influenced
favourable responses to mass immunization efforts. Women
were falling behind initially in terms of both registration
knowledge and completion. Online registration needed to be
complemented with alternatives. Social networking was a
vital source of information and encouragement.<h4>Policy
implications</h4>Communication strategies are necessary to
inform the public at an early stage, which should provide
information about registration eligibility and detailed
registration instructions. Ensuring and sustaining service
quality will also be beneficial. In LMICs like Bangladesh,
low-tech intensive registration methods are required.
Information campaigns about the registration procedure
should specifically target rural communities and women.
Community-based mechanisms may reduce transaction costs and
increase confidence.},
Doi = {10.1111/dpr.12645},
Key = {fds365945}
}
@article{fds365947,
Author = {Faruk, A},
Title = {Analysing the glass ceiling and sticky floor effects in
Bangladesh: evidence, extent and elements},
Journal = {SN Business & Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {9},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43546-021-00123-z},
Doi = {10.1007/s43546-021-00123-z},
Key = {fds365947}
}
%% Feunou Kamkui, Bruno
@article{fds170317,
Author = {B. Feunou Kamkui and Peter Christoffersen and Redouane Elkamhi and Kris
Jacobs},
Title = {Option Valuation with Conditional Heteroskedasticity and
Nonnormality},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {2139-2183},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1465-7368},
url = {http://rfs.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/hhp078v1},
Abstract = {http://rfs.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/hhp078},
Key = {fds170317}
}
%% Field, Erica
@article{fds373366,
Author = {Buchmann, N and Field, E and Glennerster, R and Nazneen, S and Wang,
XY},
Title = {A Signal to End Child Marriage: Theory and Experimental
Evidence from Bangladesh},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {113},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2645-2688},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20220720},
Abstract = {Child marriage remains common even where female schooling
and employment opportunities have grown. We experimentally
evaluate a financial incentive to delay marriage alongside a
girls’empowerment program in Bangladesh. While girls
eligible for two years of incentive are 19 percent less
likely to marry underage, the empowerment program failed to
decrease adolescent marriage. We show that these results are
consistent with a signaling model in which bride type is
imperfectly observed but preferred types (socially
conservative girls) have lower returns to delaying marriage.
Consistent with our theoretical prediction, we observe
substantial spillovers of the incentive on untreated
nonpreferred types.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20220720},
Key = {fds373366}
}
@article{fds371429,
Author = {Field, E and Pande, R and Rigol, N and Schaner, S and Stacy, E and Moore,
CT},
Title = {Measuring time use in rural India: Design and validation of
a low-cost survey module},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {164},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103105},
Abstract = {Time use data facilitate understanding of labor supply,
especially for women who often undertake unpaid care and
home production. Although assisted diary-based time use
surveys are suitable for low-literacy populations, they are
costly and rarely used. We create a low-cost, scalable
alternative that captures contextually-determined broad time
categories; here, allocations across market work, household
labor, and leisure. Using fewer categories and larger time
intervals takes 33% less time than traditional modules.
Field experiments show the module measures average time
across the broader categories as well as the traditional
approach, particularly for our target female population. The
module can also capture multitasking for a specific category
of interest. Its shortcomings are short duration activity
capture and the need for careful category selection. The
module's brevity and low cost make it a viable method to use
in household and labor force surveys, facilitating tracking
of work and leisure patterns as economies
develop.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103105},
Key = {fds371429}
}
@article{fds357986,
Author = {Field, E and Pande, R and Rigol, N and Schaner, S and Moore,
CT},
Title = {On her own account: How strengthening women's financial
control impacts labor supply and gender norms},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {111},
Number = {7},
Pages = {2342-2375},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20200705},
Abstract = {Can increasing control over earnings incentivize a woman to
work, and thereby influence norms around gender roles? We
randomly varied whether rural Indian women received bank
accounts, training in account use, and direct deposit of
public sector wages into their own (versus husbands')
accounts. Relative to the accounts only group, women who
also received direct deposit and training worked more in
public and private sector jobs. The private sector result
suggests gender norms initially constrained female
employment. Three years later, direct deposit and training
broadly liberalized women's own work-related norms, and
shifted perceptions of community norms.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20200705},
Key = {fds357986}
}
@article{fds366755,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Field, E and Gonzalez, R},
Title = {Loss in the time of cholera: Long-run impact of a disease
epidemic on the urban landscape},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {110},
Number = {2},
Pages = {475-525},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20190759},
Abstract = {How do geographically concentrated income shocks influence
the long-run spatial distribution of poverty within a city?
We examine the impact on housing prices of a cholera
epidemic in one neighborhood of nineteenth century London.
Ten years after the epidemic, housing prices are
significantly lower just inside the catchment area of the
water pump that transmitted the disease. Moreover,
differences in housing prices persist over the following 160
years. We make sense of these patterns by building a model
of a rental market with frictions in which poor tenants
exert a negative externality on their neighbors. This
showcases how a locally concentrated income shock can
persistently change the tenant composition of a
block.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20190759},
Key = {fds366755}
}
@article{fds345404,
Author = {Walther, A and Tsao, C and Pande, R and Kirschbaum, C and Field, E and Berkman, L},
Title = {Do dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, and testosterone
influence women's depression and anxiety levels? Evidence
from hair-based hormonal measures of 2105 rural Indian
women.},
Journal = {Psychoneuroendocrinology},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {104382},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104382},
Abstract = {Depressive and anxiety disorders substantially contribute to
the global burden of disease, particularly in poor
countries. Higher prevalence rates for both disorders among
women indicate sex hormones may be integrated in the
pathophysiology of these disorders. The Kshetriya Gramin
Financial Services study surveyed a random sample of 4160
households across 876 villages in rural Tamil Nadu, India.
An interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted to
quantify depressive (K6-D) and anxiety (K6-A) symptoms.
Alongside, hair samples for sex hormone profiling were
collected from a subsample of 2105 women aged 18-85 years.
Importantly, 5.9%, 14.8%, and 46.3% of samples contained
non-detectable hormone levels for dehydroepiandrosterone,
progesterone, and testosterone, respectively. Our primary
analysis imputes values for the non-detectable sample and we
check robustness of results when non-detectable values are
dropped. In this cohort of women from rural India, higher
depressive symptomatology is associated with lower levels of
dehydroepiandrosterone and higher depressive and anxiety
symptoms are associated with higher levels of testosterone.
Progesterone shows no clear association with either
depressive or anxiety symptoms. These results support a
potential protective effect of higher endogenous
dehydroepiandrosterone levels. An important caveat on the
potential negative effect of hair testosterone levels on
women's mental health is that the testosterone analysis is
sensitive to how non-detectable values are
treated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104382},
Key = {fds345404}
}
@misc{fds326481,
Author = {Ashraf, N and Field, E and Rusconi, G and Voena, A and Ziparo,
R},
Title = {Traditional Beliefs and Learning about Maternal Risk in
Zambia.},
Journal = {The American economic review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Pages = {511-515},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171106},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20171106},
Key = {fds326481}
}
@article{fds326017,
Author = {Barnhardt, S and Field, E and Pande, R},
Title = {Moving to opportunity or isolation? Network effects of a
randomized housing lottery in urban India},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-32},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20150397},
Abstract = {A housing lottery in an Indian city provided winning slum
dwellers the opportunity to move into improved housing on
the city's periphery. Fourteen years later, winners report
improved housing but no change in tenure security, family
income, or human capital. Winners also report increased
isolation from family and caste networks and reduced
informal insurance. We observe significant program exit: 34
percent of winners never took up subsidized housing and 32
percent eventually exited. Our results suggest negligible
long- run economic value of this expensive public program
and point to the importance of considering social networks
in housing programs for the poor.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20150397},
Key = {fds326017}
}
@article{fds321815,
Author = {Field, E and Molitor, V and Schoonbroodt, A and Tertilt,
M},
Title = {Gender Gaps in Completed Fertility},
Journal = {Journal of Demographic Economics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {02},
Pages = {167-206},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2016.5},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract:</jats:title><jats:p>The most common
measure of reproductive behavior is the total fertility
rate, which measures children born per woman. However,
little work exists measuring male fertility behavior. We use
survey data from several waves of the Demographic and Health
Surveys (DHS) in eight Sub-Saharan African countries. We
document several interesting differences in fertility
outcomes of men and women. First, comparing completed
fertility by birth cohorts, we find that on average men have
more children than women in seven out of eight countries we
consider. The gaps are large – reaching up to 4.6 children
in Burkina Faso. Positive gaps are possible when populations
are growing and men father children with younger women. Such
a situation often coincides with polygyny. Indeed, we find
that the fertility gap is positively related to the degree
of polygyny. Second, we find a lower variance in completed
fertility rates for women than for men, especially in high
polygyny countries. Third, we find that differences in the
desire to have children can largely be explained by
differences in realized fertility. Finally, we find that for
men, the demographic transition started earlier and was
steeper than for women. These novel facts are useful when
building theories of fertility behavior.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/dem.2016.5},
Key = {fds321815}
}
@article{fds321816,
Author = {Field, E and Jayachandran, S and Pande, R and Rigol,
N},
Title = {Friendship at work: Can peer effects catalyze female
entrepreneurship?},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-153},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20140215},
Abstract = {Does the lack of peers contribute to the observed gender gap
in entrepreneurial success? A random sample of customers of
India's largest women's bank was offered two days of
business counseling, and a random subsample was invited to
attend with a friend. The intervention significantly
increased participants' business activity, but only if they
were trained with a friend. Those trained with a friend were
more likely to have taken out business loans, were less
likely to be housewives, and reported increased business
activity and higher household income, with stronger impacts
among women subject to social norms that restrict female
mobility.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.20140215},
Key = {fds321816}
}
@article{fds321814,
Author = {Chong, A and Cohen, I and Field, E and Nakasone, E and Torero,
M},
Title = {Iron deficiency and schooling attainment in
Peru},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {222-255},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140494},
Abstract = {Do nutritional deficiencies contribute to the
intergenerational persistence of poverty by reducing the
earnings potential of future generations? To address this
question, we made available supplemental iron pills at a
health center in rural Peru and encouraged adolescents to
take them via media messages. School administrative data
provide novel evidence that reducing iron deficiency results
in a large and significant improvement in school performance
and aspirations for anemic students. Our findings
demonstrate that combining lowcost outreach efforts and
local supplementation programs can be an affordable and
effective method of reducing rates of adolescent iron
deficiency anemia.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20140494},
Key = {fds321814}
}
@article{fds238114,
Author = {Feigenberg, B and Field, E and Pande, R and Rigol, N and Sarkar,
S},
Title = {Do group dynamics influence social capital gains among
microfinance clients? Evidence from a randomized experiment
in urban India},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {932-949},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21790},
Abstract = {As an intrinsic part of the classic microfinance model,
group meetings are intended to employ social capital to
ensure timely repayment. Recent research suggests that more
frequent meetings can increase social capital among
first-time clients. Using randomized variation in group
meeting frequency for 174 microfinance groups in India, we
demonstrate that social capital gains associated with more
frequentmeetings continue to accrue across multiple lending
cycles. However, these effects are reduced when group
members differ in their borrowing history. In addition,
clients who start with low levels of empowerment report
higher social capital gains when matched with similar
clients. We discuss how current microfinance policy debates
overlook the creation of social capital, including through
repayment meeting frequency, and we encourage regulators to
undertake a holistic understanding of microfinance's
impacts.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21790},
Key = {fds238114}
}
@article{fds238115,
Author = {Ashraf, N and Field, E and Lee, J},
Title = {Household bargaining and excess fertility: An experimental
study in zambia},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {7},
Pages = {2210-2237},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.7.2210},
Abstract = {We posit that household decision-making over fertility is
characterized by moral hazard since most contraception can
only be perfectly observed by the woman. Using an experiment
in Zambia that varied whether women were given access to
contraceptives alone or with their husbands, we find that
women givenaccess with their husbands were 19 percent less
likely to seek family planning services, 25 percent less
likely to use concealable contraception, and 27 percent more
likely to give birth. However, women given access to
contraception alone report a lower subjective well-being,
suggesting a psychosocial cost of making contraceptives more
concealable.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.7.2210},
Key = {fds238115}
}
@article{fds238116,
Author = {Field, E and Pande, R and Papp, J and Rigol, N},
Title = {Does the classic microfinance model discourage
entrepreneurship among the poor? Experimental evidence from
India},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2196-2226},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.6.2196},
Abstract = {Do the repayment requirements of the classic microfinance
contract inhibit investment in high-return but illiquid
business opportunities among the poor? Using a field
experiment, we compare the classic contract which requires
that repayment begin immediately after loan disbursement to
a contract that includes a two-month grace period. The
provision of a grace period increased short-run business
investment and long-run profits but also default rates. The
results, thus, indicate that debt contracts that require
early repayment discourage illiquid risky investment and
thereby limit the potential impact of microfinance on
microenterprise growth and household poverty.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.103.6.2196},
Key = {fds238116}
}
@article{fds238126,
Author = {Field, E and Pande, R and Papp, J and Park, YJ},
Title = {Repayment flexibility can reduce financial stress: a
randomized control trial with microfinance clients in
India.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {7},
Number = {9},
Pages = {e45679},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1932-6203},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045679},
Abstract = {Financial stress is widely believed to cause health
problems. However, policies seeking to relieve financial
stress by limiting debt levels of poor households may
directly worsen their economic well-being. We evaluate an
alternative policy - increasing the repayment flexibility of
debt contracts. A field experiment randomly assigned
microfinance clients to a monthly or a traditional weekly
installment schedule (N=200). We used cell phones to gather
survey data on income, expenditure, and financial stress
every 48 hours over seven weeks. Clients repaying monthly
were 51 percent less likely to report feeling "worried,
tense, or anxious" about repaying, were 54 percent more
likely to report feeling confident about repaying, and
reported spending less time thinking about their loan
compared to weekly clients. Monthly clients also reported
higher business investment and income, suggesting that the
flexibility encouraged them to invest their loans more
profitably, which ultimately reduced financial
stress.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0045679},
Key = {fds238126}
}
@article{fds238125,
Author = {Thornton, RL and Hatt, LE and Field, EM and Islam, M and Diaz, FS and González, MA},
Title = {Social security health insurance for the informal sector in
Nicaragua: a randomized evaluation.},
Journal = {Health economics},
Volume = {19 Suppl},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {181-206},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1057-9230},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.1635},
Abstract = {This article presents the results from an experimental
evaluation of a voluntary health insurance program for
informal sector workers in Nicaragua. Costs of the premiums
as well as enrollment location were randomly allocated.
Overall, take-up of the program was low, with only 20%
enrollment. Program costs and streamlined bureaucratic
procedures were important determinants of enrollment.
Participation of local microfinance institutions had a
slight negative effect on enrollment. One year later, those
who received insurance substituted toward services at
covered facilities and total out-of-pocket expenditures
fell. However, total expenditures fell by less than the
insurance premiums. We find no evidence of an increase in
health-care utilization among the newly insured. We also
find very low retention rates after the expiration of the
subsidy, with less than 10% of enrollees still enrolled
after one year. To shed light on the findings from the
experimental results, we present qualitative evidence of
institutional and contextual factors that limited the
success of this program.},
Doi = {10.1002/hec.1635},
Key = {fds238125}
}
@article{fds238128,
Author = {Ambrus, A and Field, E and Torero, M},
Title = {Muslim family law, prenuptial agreements, and the emergence
of dowry in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {125},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1349-1397},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2010.125.3.1349},
Abstract = {We explain trends in dowry levels in Bangladesh by drawing
attention to an institutional feature of marriage contracts
previously ignored in the literature: mehr or traditional
Islamic bride-price. We develop a model of marriage
contracts in which mehr serves as a barrier to husbands
exiting marriage and a component of dowry as an amount that
ex ante compensates the groom for the cost of mehr. We
investigate how mehr and dowry respond to exogenous changes
in the costs of polygamy and divorce, and show that our
model gives a different set of predictions than traditional
models. We show that major changes in dowry levels took
place precisely after the legal changes, corresponding to
simultaneous changes in levels of mehr. © 2010 by the
President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.2010.125.3.1349},
Key = {fds238128}
}
@article{fds238112,
Author = {Field, AJ and Field, E},
Title = {Globalization, Crop Choice, and Property Rights in Rural
Peru, 1994-2004},
Pages = {284-324},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584758.003.0010},
Abstract = {This chapter describes the results of initial work analysing
a panel of rural households in Peru between 1994 and 2004 to
determine household responses to changes in relative prices
of traditional versus export-oriented products. Our
principal interest was better to understand how household
responses to external economic shocks influenced rural
welfare, income distribution, and poverty. Since a large
percentage of Peruvians living in poverty are located in
rural areas, learning more about how these households
respond to a changing external environment provides insights
into the factors that influence their ability to improve
their absolute and relative economic position. The results
of our analysis indicate that changes in relative prices had
a significant impact on the adoption of new agricultural
products, and the magnitude of response was mitigated by
households' degree of tenure security and access to regional
and local markets. Analyses of household expenditures over
the period indicate that those who adopted export crops
experienced a significant growth in consumption proportional
to the change in acreage devoted to exportable products, and
were less likely to be classified as impoverished at the end
of the period. Instrumental variables estimates suggest that
this association is causal.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584758.003.0010},
Key = {fds238112}
}
@article{fds238124,
Author = {Field, E and Jayachandran, S and Pande, R},
Title = {Do traditional institutions constrain female
entrepreneurship? A field experiment on business training in
India},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-129},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.2.125},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.100.2.125},
Key = {fds238124}
}
@article{fds238118,
Author = {Field, E and Robles, O and Torero, M},
Title = {Iodine deficiency and schooling attainment in
Tanzania},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Pages = {140-169},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.1.4.140},
Abstract = {Cognitive damage from iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) has
important implications for economic growth through its
effect on human capital. To gauge the magnitude of this
influence, we evaluate the impact on schooling of reductions
in IDD from intensive iodine supplementation in Tanzania.
Our findings suggest a large effect of in utero iodine on
cognition and human capital: treated children attain an
estimated 0.35-0.56 years of additional schooling relative
to siblings and older and younger peers. Furthermore, the
effect appears to be substantially larger for girls,
consistent with laboratory evidence indicating greater
cognitive sensitivity of femalefetuses to maternal thyroid
deprivation.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.1.4.140},
Key = {fds238118}
}
@article{fds238117,
Author = {Field, E},
Title = {Educational debt burden and career choice: Evidence from a
financial aid experiment at NYU law school},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-21},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.1.1.1},
Abstract = {This paper examines the influence of psychological responses
to debt on career choices from an experiment in which
alternative financial aid packages were assigned by lottery
to a set of law school admits. The packages had equivalent
monetary value, but one required the student to take on a
loan that would be paid for by the school if he worked in
public interest law, while the other covered tuition as long
as the student worked in public interest law. If he did not,
the student would be required to reimburse the school.
Tuition assistance recipients have a 36 to 45 percent higher
public interest placement rate and, when lottery results
were announced before enrollment, were twice as likely to
enroll.},
Doi = {10.1257/app.1.1.1},
Key = {fds238117}
}
@article{fds238127,
Author = {Field, E and Ambrus, A},
Title = {Early marriage, age of menarche, and female schooling
attainment in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {116},
Number = {5},
Pages = {881-891},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/593333},
Abstract = {Using data from rural Bangladesh, we explore the hypothesis
that women attain less schooling as a result of social and
financial pressure to marry young. We isolate the causal
effect of marriage timing using age of menarche as an
instrumental variable. Our results indicate that each
additional year that marriage is delayed is associated with
0.22 additional year of schooling and 5.6 percent higher
literacy. Delayed marriage is also associated with an
increase in use of preventive health services. In the
context of competitive marriage markets, we use the above
results to obtain estimates of the change in equilibrium
female education that would arise from introducing age of
consent laws. © 2008 by The University of Chicago. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/593333},
Key = {fds238127}
}
@article{fds238122,
Author = {Field, E and Levinson, M and Pande, R and Visaria,
S},
Title = {Segregation, rent control, and riots: The economics of
religious conflict in an Indian City},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {505-510},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.505},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.2.505},
Key = {fds238122}
}
@article{fds238123,
Author = {Field, E and Pande, R},
Title = {Repayment frequency and default in microfinance: Evidence
from India},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {501-509},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1542-4766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/JEEA.2008.6.2-3.501},
Abstract = {In stark contrast to bank debt contracts, most micro-finance
contracts require that repayments start nearly immediately
after loan disbursement and occur weekly thereafter. Even
though economic theory suggests that a more flexible
repayment schedule would benefit clients and potentially
improve their repayment capacity, micro-finance
practitioners argue that the fiscal discipline imposed by
frequent repayment is critical to preventing loan default.
In this paper we use data from a field experimept which
randomized client assignment to a weekly or monthly
repayment schedule and find no significant effect of type of
repayment schedule on client delinquency or default. Our
findings suggest that, among micro-finance clients who are
willing to borrow at either weekly or monthly repayment
schedules, a more flexible schedule can significantly lower
transaction costs without increasing client default. © 2008
by the European Economic Association.},
Doi = {10.1162/JEEA.2008.6.2-3.501},
Key = {fds238123}
}
@article{fds238121,
Author = {Field, E},
Title = {Entitled to work: Urban property rights and labor supply in
Peru},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1561-1602},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2007.122.4.1561},
Abstract = {Between 1996 and 2003, the Peruvian government issued
property titles to over 1.2 million urban households, the
largest titling program targeted at urban squatters in the
developing world. This paper examines the labor market
effects of increases in tenure security resulting from the
program. To isolate the causal role of ownership rights, I
make use of differences across regions induced by the timing
of the program and differences across target populations in
level of preprogram ownership rights. My estimates suggest
that titling results in a substantial increase in labor
hours, a shift in labor supply away from work at home to
work in the outside market, and substitution of adult for
child labor. © 2007 by the President and Fellows of Harvard
College and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.2007.122.4.1561},
Key = {fds238121}
}
@article{fds238119,
Author = {Field, E},
Title = {Property rights and investment in urban slums},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {279-290},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1542-4766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.279},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effect of changes in tenure security
on residential investment in urban squatter neighborhoods.
To address the endogeneity of property rights, I make use of
variation in ownership status induced by a nationwide
titling program in Peru. In a difference-in-difference
analysis, I compare the change in housing investment before
and after the program among participating households to the
change in investment among two samples of nonparticipants.
My results indicate that strengthening property rights in
urban slums has a significant effect on residential
investment: the rate of housing renovation rises by more
than two-thirds of the baseline level. The bulk of the
increase is financed without the use of credit, indicating
that changes over time reflect an increase in investment
incentives related to lower threat of eviction. © 2005 by
the European Economic Association.},
Doi = {10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.279},
Key = {fds238119}
}
@article{fds325926,
Author = {Field, EM},
Title = {Property Rights, Community Public Goods and Household Time
Allocation in Urban Squatter Communities: Evidence from
Peru},
Journal = {William and Mary Law Review},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {College of William and Mary},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds325926}
}
%% Frakes, Michael D
@article{fds375527,
Author = {Frakes, MD and Wasserman, MF},
Title = {Deadlines Versus Continuous Incentives: Evidence From the
Patent Office},
Year = {2024},
Key = {fds375527}
}
@article{fds353905,
Author = {Frakes, MD and Gruber, J and Justicz, TS},
Title = {Public and Private Options in Practice: The Military Health
System},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {37-74},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds353905}
}
@article{fds353906,
Author = {Frakes, MD},
Title = {Racial Disparities in Health Care: Geographic Causes and the
Impact of Geographic Standardization in Malpractice Standard
of Care Rules},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds353906}
}
@article{fds361278,
Author = {Frakes, MD and Wasserman, MF},
Title = {Investing in Ex Ante Regulation: Evidence From
Pharmaceutical Patent Examination},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {151-183},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds361278}
}
@article{fds369010,
Author = {Frakes, MD and Gruber, J},
Title = {Racial Concordance and the Quality of Medical Care: Evidence
from the Military},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds369010}
}
@article{fds351474,
Author = {Frakes, MD and Asirvatham, R},
Title = {Are Constitutional Rights Enough? An Empirical Assessment of
Racial Bias in Police Stops},
Journal = {Northwestern University Law Review},
Volume = {116},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1481-1545},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds351474}
}
@article{fds352951,
Author = {Frakes, M and Gruber, J and Jena, A},
Title = {Is Great Information Good Enough? Evidence from Physicians
as Patients},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {1-20},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds352951}
}
@article{fds361277,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Knowledge Spillovers, Peer Effects, and Telecommuting:
Evidence From the U.S. Patent Office},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {198},
Pages = {1-17},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds361277}
}
@article{fds328707,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Procrastination at the Patent Office?},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {183},
Number = {183},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds328707}
}
@article{fds328699,
Author = {Frakes, M and Gruber, J},
Title = {Defensive Medicine and Obstetric Practices: Evidence from
the Military Health System},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Legal Studies},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-37},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds328699}
}
@article{fds348470,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Are There as Many Trademark Offices as Trademark
Examiners?},
Journal = {Duke Law Journal},
Volume = {69},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1807-1853},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds348470}
}
@article{fds353904,
Author = {Frakes, M and Frank, M and Seabury, S},
Title = {The Effect of Malpractice Law on Physician Supply: Evidence
from Negligence-Standard Reforms},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {1-16},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds353904}
}
@article{fds352950,
Author = {Frakes, M and Mello, M and Blumenkranz, E},
Title = {Malpractice Liability and Health Care Quality: A
Review},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {323},
Number = {4},
Pages = {352-366},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds352950}
}
@article{fds328698,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Empirical Scholarship on the Prosecution Process at the
USPTO},
Pages = {77-91},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds328698}
}
@article{fds339693,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Irrational Ignorance at the Patent Office},
Journal = {Vanderbilt Law Review},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {975-1030},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds339693}
}
@article{fds345782,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Patent Trial and Appeal Board's Consistency-Enhancing
Function},
Journal = {Iowa Law Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2417-2446},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds345782}
}
@article{fds353907,
Author = {Frakes, M and Gruber, J and Jena, A},
Title = {Do as the Doctor Says, Not as He or She Does},
Journal = {STAT},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds353907}
}
@misc{fds333544,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Do Patent Law Suits Target Invalid Patents?},
Pages = {6-29},
Booktitle = {Selection and Decision in the Judicial Process Around the
World: Empirical Inquiries},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds333544}
}
@article{fds335994,
Author = {Elsamadicy, AA and Sergesketter, AR and Frakes, MD and Lad,
SP},
Title = {Review of Neurosurgery Medical Professional Liability Claims
in the United States.},
Journal = {Neurosurgery},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {997-1006},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx565},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Due to disparaging costs and rates of
malpractice claims in neurosurgery, there has been
significant interest in identifying high-risk specialties,
types of malpractice claims, and characteristics of
claim-prone physicians. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the
malpractice claims against neurosurgeons. METHODS: This was
a comprehensive analysis of all malpractice liability claims
involving a neurosurgeon as the primary defendant, conducted
using the Physician Insurers Association of America Data
Sharing Project from January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2012.
RESULTS: From 2003 to 2012, 2131 closed malpractice claims
were filed against a neurosurgeon. The total amount of
indemnity paid collective between 1998 to 2002, 2003 to
2007, and 2008 to 2012 was $109 614 935, $140 031 875, and
$122 577 230, respectively. Of all the neurosurgery claims,
the most prevalent chief medical factor was improper
performance (42.1%, $124 943 933), presenting medical
condition was intervertebral disc disorder (20.6%, $54 223
206), and operative procedure performed involved the spinal
cord and/or spinal canal (21.0%, $62 614 995). Eighty-five
(22.91%) of the total neurosurgery claims resulted in
patient death, resulting in $32 067 759 paid. Improper
performance of the actual procedure was the most prevalent
and highest total paid cause for patient death ($9 584 519).
CONCLUSION: From 2003 to 2012, we found that neurosurgery
malpractice claims rank among one of the most costly and
prevalent, with the average indemnities paid annually and
the overall economic burden increasing. Diagnoses and
procedures involving the spine, along with improper
performance, were the most prevalent malpractice claims
against neurosurgeons. Continued medical malpractice reform
is essential to correct the overall health care cost
burdens, and ultimately improve patient safety.},
Doi = {10.1093/neuros/nyx565},
Key = {fds335994}
}
@misc{fds332060,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Decreasing the Patent Office’s Incentives to Grant Invalid
Patents},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds332060}
}
@article{fds328701,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Is the Time Allocated to Review Patent Applications Inducing
Examiners to Grant Invalid Patents? Evidence from Microlevel
Application Data},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {3},
Pages = {550-563},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds328701}
}
@article{fds335995,
Author = {Frakes, M and Seabury, S},
Title = {The Effect of Malpractice Law on Physician Supply: Evidence
from Negligence-Standard Reforms},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds335995}
}
@article{fds335996,
Author = {Frakes, M and Chandra, A and Malani, A},
Title = {Challenges to Reducing Discrimination and Health Inequity
Through Existing Civil Rights Laws},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {36},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1041-1047},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds335996}
}
@article{fds333545,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Knowledge Spillovers and Learning in the Workplace: Evidence
from the U.S. Patent Office},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds333545}
}
@misc{fds328697,
Author = {Frakes, M and Franks, M and Rozema, K},
Title = {The Economics of Healthcare Rationing},
Pages = {914-933},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of U.S. Health Law},
Year = {2017},
Key = {fds328697}
}
@article{fds328703,
Author = {Frakes, M and Frank, M and Seabury, S},
Title = {The Impact of National Medical Liability Standards on Local
Access to Physician Services},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328703}
}
@article{fds328704,
Author = {Frakes, M and Gruber, J},
Title = {The Effects of Medical Liability Immunities: Evidence from
the Military Health System},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328704}
}
@article{fds328705,
Author = {Frakes, M and Jena, A},
Title = {Racial Disparities in Health Care: Geographic Causes and the
Impact of Geographical Standardization in Malpractice
Standard of Care Rules},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328705}
}
@article{fds328706,
Author = {Frakes, M and Chandra, A and Malani, A},
Title = {Civil Rights Legislation and Racial Disparities in Health
Care},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328706}
}
@article{fds328700,
Author = {Frakes, M and Jena, A},
Title = {Does Medical Malpractice Law Improve Health Care
Quality?},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {143},
Pages = {142-158},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328700}
}
@article{fds328702,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Patent Office Cohorts},
Journal = {Duke Law Journal},
Volume = {65},
Pages = {1601-1655},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds328702}
}
@article{fds353908,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Revising Patent Examiner’s Time Allocations},
Journal = {Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Commentaries},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds353908}
}
@article{fds353909,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Reducing Patent Application Backlog to Improve Patent
Quality},
Journal = {Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Commentaries},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds353909}
}
@article{fds328708,
Author = {Frakes, M and Harding, M},
Title = {The Effect of Statutory Rape Laws on Teen Birth
Rates},
Journal = {American Law & Economics Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {409-461},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds328708}
}
@article{fds328709,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Does the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Grant Too Many Bad
Patents?: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment},
Journal = {Stanford Law Review},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {613-676},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds328709}
}
@article{fds328710,
Author = {Frakes, M},
Title = {The Surprising Relevance of Medical Malpractice
Law},
Journal = {University of Chicago Law Review},
Volume = {82},
Pages = {317-391},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds328710}
}
@article{fds328711,
Author = {Frakes, M and Frank, M and Seabury, S},
Title = {Do Physicians Respond to Liability Standards?},
Journal = {Journal of Institutional & Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {171},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-77},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds328711}
}
@article{fds353910,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Improving Patent Quality by Reducing the Patent Office’s
Backlog of Applications},
Journal = {The Regulatory Review},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds353910}
}
@article{fds328712,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {The Failed Promise of User Fees: Empirical Evidence from the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Legal Studies},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {602-636},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds328712}
}
@article{fds328713,
Author = {Frakes, M},
Title = {The Impact of Medical Liability Standards on Regional
Variations in Physician Behavior: Evidence from the Adoption
of National-Standard Rules},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {1},
Pages = {257-276},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds328713}
}
@article{fds328714,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Does Agency Funding Affect Decisionmaking?: An Empirical
Assessment of the PTO's Granting Patterns},
Journal = {Vanderbilt Law Review},
Volume = {66},
Pages = {67-125},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds328714}
}
@article{fds328715,
Author = {Frakes, M},
Title = {Defensive Medicine and Obstetric Practices},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Legal Studies},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {457-481},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds328715}
}
@article{fds353911,
Author = {Frakes, M and Wasserman, M},
Title = {Evaluating the PTO’s Proposed Fee Structure},
Journal = {The Regulatory Review},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds353911}
}
@article{fds328716,
Author = {Frakes, M and Harding, M},
Title = {The Deterrent Effect of Death Penalty Eligibility: Evidence
from the Adoption of Child Murder Eligibility
Factors},
Journal = {American Law & Economics Review},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {451-497},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds328716}
}
@article{fds328717,
Author = {Frakes, M},
Title = {Classified Boards and Firm Value},
Journal = {Delaware Journal of Corporate Law},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {113-158},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds328717}
}
@article{fds328718,
Author = {Frakes, M and Gruber, J},
Title = {Does Falling Smoking Lead to Rising Obesity?},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {183-197},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds328718}
}
%% Frankenberg, Elizabeth
@article{fds335174,
Author = {Thomas, D and Seeman, T and Potter, A and Hu, P and Crimmins, E and Herningtyas, EH and Sumantri, C and Frankenberg,
E},
Title = {HPLC-based Measurement of Glycated Hemoglobin using Dried
Blood Spots Collected under Adverse Field
Conditions.},
Journal = {Biodemography and Social Biology},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-62},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2018.1451300},
Abstract = {Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays with venous blood and
dried blood spots (DBS) are compared for 143 paired samples
collected in Aceh, Indonesia. Relative to gold-standard
venous-blood values, DBS-based values reported by the HPLC
are systematically upward biased for HbA1c<8% and the
fraction diabetic (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) is overstated almost
five-fold. Inspection of chromatograms from DBS assays
indicates the % glycosylated calculated by the HPLC excludes
part of the hemoglobin A which is misidentified as a
hemoglobin variant. Taking this into account, unbiased
DBS-based values are computed using data from the
machine-generated chromatograms. When the DBS are collected
in a clinic-like setting, under controlled
humidity/temperature conditions, the recalculated values are
almost identical to venous-based values. When DBS are
collected under field conditions, the recalculated values
are unbiased, but only about half the HbA1c values are
measured reliably, calling into question the validity of the
other half. The results suggest that collection conditions,
particularly humidity, affect the quality of the DBS-based
measures. Cross-validating DBS-based HbA1c values with
venous samples collected under exactly the same
environmental conditions is a prudent investment in
population-based studies.},
Doi = {10.1080/19485565.2018.1451300},
Key = {fds335174}
}
@article{fds328987,
Author = {Ho, JY and Frankenberg, E and Sumantri, C and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Adult Mortality Five Years after a Natural
Disaster.},
Journal = {Population and Development Review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {467-490},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/padr.12075},
Abstract = {Exposure to extreme events has been hypothesized to affect
subsequent mortality because of mortality selection and
scarring effects of the event itself. We examine survival at
and in the five years after the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
and tsunami for a population-representative sample of
residents of Aceh, Indonesia who were differentially exposed
to the disaster. For this population, the dynamics of
selection and scarring are a complex function of the degree
of tsunami impact in the community, the nature of individual
exposures, age at exposure, and gender. Among individuals
from tsunami-affected communities we find evidence for
positive mortality selection among older individuals, with
stronger effects for males than for females, and that this
selection dominates any scarring impact of stressful
exposures that elevate mortality. Among individuals from
other communities, where mortality selection does not play a
role, there is evidence of scarring with property loss
associated with elevated mortality risks in the five years
after the disaster among adults age 50 or older at the time
of the disaster.},
Doi = {10.1111/padr.12075},
Key = {fds328987}
}
@article{fds329040,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Human Capital and Shocks: Evidence on Education, Health and
Nutrition},
Journal = {Nber},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds329040}
}
@misc{fds333276,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Laurito, MM and Thomas, D},
Title = {Demographic Impact of Disasters},
Pages = {101-108},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31059-5},
Abstract = {© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. The frequency and
magnitude of large-scale disasters in recent years has
prompted increased interest in better understanding how
major disruptive events alter key demographic processes.
This article summarizes evidence establishing that disasters
have significantly impacted mortality, health, fertility,
and migration. While these processes are intimately
interrelated, there have been relatively few integrative
analyses that draw the evidence together, in large part
because of inadequate data. Investment in population data
collection systems to provide scientific evidence in the
wake of disasters will broaden the depth and scope of
disaster research, advance understanding of demographic
changes, and inform policy interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31059-5},
Key = {fds333276}
}
@misc{fds333277,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Experimental Methods in Survey Research in
Demography},
Pages = {559-565},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31028-5},
Abstract = {© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) have been profitably used to
identify causal effects in population research. However, the
design and implementation of social experiments is not
straightforward and it is not clear that it is either
feasible or desirable to attempt to answer some questions in
population using only the so-called 'gold standard'
double-blind RCT. It seems likely that the integration of
the creative use of theory with the advantages of both RCTs
and nonexperimental study designs has the greatest hope of
advancing scientific knowledge about population behaviors
and processes.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31028-5},
Key = {fds333277}
}
@article{fds266599,
Author = {Nobles, J and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {The effects of mortality on fertility: population dynamics
after a natural disaster.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-38},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Abstract = {Understanding how mortality and fertility are linked is
essential to the study of population dynamics. We
investigate the fertility response to an unanticipated
mortality shock that resulted from the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami, which killed large shares of the residents of some
Indonesian communities but caused no deaths in neighboring
communities. Using population-representative multilevel
longitudinal data, we identify a behavioral fertility
response to mortality exposure, both at the level of a
couple and in the broader community. We observe a sustained
fertility increase at the aggregate level following the
tsunami, which was driven by two behavioral responses to
mortality exposure. First, mothers who lost one or more
children in the disaster were significantly more likely to
bear additional children after the tsunami. This response
explains about 13 % of the aggregate increase in fertility.
Second, women without children before the tsunami initiated
family-building earlier in communities where tsunami-related
mortality rates were higher, indicating that the fertility
of these women is an important route to rebuilding the
population in the aftermath of a mortality shock. Such
community-level effects have received little attention in
demographic scholarship.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Key = {fds266599}
}
@misc{fds313863,
Author = {Nobles, J and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {The Effects of Mortality on Fertility: Population Dynamics
After a Natural Disaster},
Pages = {15-38},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Abstract = {© 2015, Population Association of America. Understanding
how mortality and fertility are linked is essential to the
study of population dynamics. We investigate the fertility
response to an unanticipated mortality shock that resulted
from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which killed large
shares of the residents of some Indonesian communities but
caused no deaths in neighboring communities. Using
population-representative multilevel longitudinal data, we
identify a behavioral fertility response to mortality
exposure, both at the level of a couple and in the broader
community. We observe a sustained fertility increase at the
aggregate level following the tsunami, which was driven by
two behavioral responses to mortality exposure. First,
mothers who lost one or more children in the disaster were
significantly more likely to bear additional children after
the tsunami. This response explains about 13 % of the
aggregate increase in fertility. Second, women without
children before the tsunami initiated family-building
earlier in communities where tsunami-related mortality rates
were higher, indicating that the fertility of these women is
an important route to rebuilding the population in the
aftermath of a mortality shock. Such community-level effects
have received little attention in demographic
scholarship.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Key = {fds313863}
}
@article{fds266598,
Author = {Elo, IT and Frankenberg, E and Gansey, R and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Africans in the American Labor Market},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {52},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1513-1542},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0417-y},
Abstract = {© 2015, Population Association of America.The number of
migrants to the United States from Africa has grown
exponentially since the 1930s. For the first time in
America’s history, migrants born in Africa are growing at
a faster rate than migrants from any other continent. The
composition of African-origin migrants has also changed
dramatically: in the mid-twentieth century, the majority
were white and came from only three countries; but today,
about one-fifth are white, and African-origin migrants hail
from across the entire continent. Little is known about the
implications of these changes for their labor market
outcomes in the United States. Using the 2000–2011 waves
of the American Community Survey, we present a picture of
enormous heterogeneity in labor market participation,
sectoral choice, and hourly earnings of male and female
migrants by country of birth, race, age at arrival in the
United States, and human capital. For example, controlling a
rich set of human capital and demographic characteristics,
some migrants—such as those from South Africa/Zimbabwe and
Cape Verde, who typically enter on employment visas—earn
substantial premiums relative to other African-origin
migrants. These premiums are especially large among males
who arrived after age 18. In contrast, other migrants—such
as those from Sudan/Somalia, who arrived more recently,
mostly as refugees—earn substantially less than migrants
from other African countries. Understanding the mechanisms
generating the heterogeneity in these outcomes—including
levels of socioeconomic development, language, culture, and
quality of education in countries of origin, as well as
selectivity of those who migrate—figures prominently among
important unresolved research questions.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-015-0417-y},
Key = {fds266598}
}
@article{fds266602,
Author = {Cas, AG and Frankenberg, E and Suriastini, W and Thomas,
D},
Title = {The impact of parental death on child well-being: evidence
from the Indian Ocean tsunami.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-457},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0279-8},
Abstract = {Identifying the impact of parental death on the well-being
of children is complicated because parental death is likely
to be correlated with other, unobserved factors that affect
child well-being. Population-representative longitudinal
data collected in Aceh, Indonesia, before and after the
December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami are used to identify the
impact of parental deaths on the well-being of children aged
9-17 at the time of the tsunami. Exploiting the
unanticipated nature of parental death resulting from the
tsunami in combination with measuring well-being of the same
children before and after the tsunami, models that include
child fixed effects are estimated to isolate the causal
effect of parental death. Comparisons are drawn between
children who lost one or both parents and children whose
parents survived. Shorter-term impacts on school attendance
and time allocation one year after the tsunami are examined,
as well as longer-term impacts on education trajectories and
marriage. Shorter- and longer-term impacts are not the same.
Five years after the tsunami, there are substantial
deleterious impacts of the tsunami on older boys and girls,
whereas the effects on younger children are more
muted.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0279-8},
Key = {fds266602}
}
@article{fds266600,
Author = {Gray, C and Frankenberg, E and Gillespie, T and Sumantri, C and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large Scale
Survey Methods: Sumatra After the 2004 Tsunami.},
Journal = {Annals of the Association of American Geographers},
Volume = {104},
Number = {3},
Pages = {594-612},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0004-5608},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.892351},
Abstract = {Understanding of human vulnerability to environmental change
has advanced in recent years, but measuring vulnerability
and interpreting mobility across many sites differentially
affected by change remains a significant challenge. Drawing
on longitudinal data collected on the same respondents who
were living in coastal areas of Indonesia before the 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami and were re-interviewed after the
tsunami, this paper illustrates how the combination of
population-based survey methods, satellite imagery and
multivariate statistical analyses has the potential to
provide new insights into vulnerability, mobility and
impacts of major disasters on population well-being. The
data are used to map and analyze vulnerability to
post-tsunami displacement across the provinces of Aceh and
North Sumatra and to compare patterns of migration after the
tsunami between damaged areas and areas not directly
affected by the tsunami. The comparison reveals that
migration after a disaster is less selective overall than
migration in other contexts. Gender and age, for example,
are strong predictors of moving from undamaged areas but are
not related to displacement in areas experiencing damage. In
our analyses traditional predictors of vulnerability do not
always operate in expected directions. Low levels of
socioeconomic status and education were not predictive of
moving after the tsunami, although for those who did move,
they were predictive of displacement to a camp rather than a
private home. This survey-based approach, though not without
difficulties, is broadly applicable to many topics in
human-environment research, and potentially opens the door
to rigorous testing of new hypotheses in this
literature.},
Doi = {10.1080/00045608.2014.892351},
Key = {fds266600}
}
@article{fds266601,
Author = {Gillespie, TW and Frankenberg, E and Chum, KF and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Nighttime lights time series of tsunami damage, recovery,
and economic metrics in Sumatra, Indonesia.},
Journal = {Remote Sensing Letters (Print)},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {286-294},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2150-704X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2014.900205},
Abstract = {On 26 December 2004, a magnitude 9.2 earthquake off the west
coast of the northern Sumatra, Indonesia resulted in 160,000
Indonesians killed. We examine the Defense Meteorological
Satellite Program-Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS)
nighttime light imagery brightness values for 307
communities in the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and
Recovery (STAR), a household survey in Sumatra from 2004 to
2008. We examined night light time series between the annual
brightness and extent of damage, economic metrics collected
from STAR households and aggregated to the community level.
There were significant changes in brightness values from
2004 to 2008 with a significant drop in brightness values in
2005 due to the tsunami and pre-tsunami nighttime light
values returning in 2006 for all damage zones. There were
significant relationships between the nighttime imagery
brightness and per capita expenditures, and spending on
energy and on food. Results suggest that Defense
Meteorological Satellite Program nighttime light imagery can
be used to capture the impacts and recovery from the tsunami
and other natural disasters and estimate time series
economic metrics at the community level in developing
countries.},
Doi = {10.1080/2150704X.2014.900205},
Key = {fds266601}
}
@article{fds266603,
Author = {Weaver, EH and Frankenberg, E and Fried, BJ and Thomas, D and Wheeler,
SB and Paul, JE},
Title = {Effect of village midwife program on contraceptive
prevalence and method choice in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Studies in Family Planning},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {389-409},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24323659},
Abstract = {Indonesia established its Village Midwife Program in 1989 to
combat high rates of maternal mortality. The program's goals
were to address gaps in access to reproductive health care
for rural women, increase access to and use of family
planning services, and broaden the mix of available
contraceptive methods. In this study, we use longitudinal
data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey to examine the
program's effect on contraceptive practice. We find that the
program did not affect overall contraceptive prevalence but
did affect method choice. Over time, for women using
contraceptives, midwives were associated with increased odds
of injectable contraceptive use and decreased odds of oral
contraceptive and implant use. Although the Indonesian
government had hoped that the Village Midwife Program would
channel women into using longer-lasting methods, the women's
"switching behavior" indicates that the program succeeded in
providing additional outlets for and promoting the use of
injectable contraceptives.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2013.00366.x},
Key = {fds266603}
}
@misc{fds303092,
Author = {Cas, Ava Gail and Frankenberg, E and Suriastini, Wayan and Thomas, Duncan},
Title = {The Impact of Parental Death on Child Well-being},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7541 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds303092}
}
@article{fds266605,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Education, Vulnerability, and Resilience after a Natural
Disaster.},
Journal = {Ecology and Society},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {16},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1708-3087},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000321257100014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The extent to which education provides protection in the
face of a large-scale natural disaster is investigated.
Using longitudinal population-representative survey data
collected in two provinces on the island of Sumatra,
Indonesia, before and after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami,
we examine changes in a broad array of indicators of
well-being of adults. Focusing on adults who were living,
before the tsunami, in areas that were subsequently severely
damaged by the tsunami, better educated males were more
likely to survive the tsunami, but education is not
predictive of survival among females. Education is not
associated with levels of post-traumatic stress among
survivors 1 year after the tsunami, or with the likelihood
of being displaced. Where education does appear to play a
role is with respect to coping with the disaster over the
longer term. The better educated were far less likely than
others to live in a camp or other temporary housing, moving,
instead, to private homes, staying with family or friends,
or renting a new home. The better educated were more able to
minimize dips in spending levels following the tsunami,
relative to the cuts made by those with little education.
Five years after the tsunami, the better educated were in
better psycho-social health than those with less education.
In sum, education is associated with higher levels of
resilience over the longer term.},
Doi = {10.5751/ES-05377-180216},
Key = {fds266605}
}
@article{fds266616,
Author = {McKelvey, C and Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Fertility Regulation in an Economic Crisis.},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-38},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/666950},
Abstract = {Substantial international aid is spent reducing the cost of
contraception in developing countries, as part of a larger
effort to reduce global fertility and increase investment
per child worldwide. The importance for fertility behaviors
of keeping contraceptive prices low, however, remains
unclear. Targeting of subsidies and insufficient price
variation have hindered prior attempts to estimate the
effect of monetary and non-monetary contraceptive costs on
fertility behavior. Using longitudinal survey data from the
Indonesia Family Life Survey, we exploit dramatic variation
in prices and incomes that was induced by the economic
crisis in the late 1990s to pin down the effect of
contraceptive availability and costs as well as household
resources on contraceptive use and method choice. The
results are unambiguous: monetary costs of contraceptives
and levels of family economic resources have a very small
(and well-determined) impact on contraceptive use and choice
of method.},
Doi = {10.1086/666950},
Key = {fds266616}
}
@article{fds266619,
Author = {Thomas, D and Witoelar, F and Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Strauss,
J and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W},
Title = {Cutting the costs of attrition: Results from the Indonesia
Family Life Survey.},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {1},
Pages = {108-123},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000302435700012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Attrition is the Achilles heel of longitudinal surveys.
Drawing on our experience in the Indonesia Family Life
Survey (IFLS), we describe survey design and field
strategies that contributed to minimizing attrition over
four waves of the survey. The data are used to illustrate
the selectivity of respondents who attrit from the survey
and, also the selectivity of respondents who move from the
place they were interviewed at baseline and are subsequently
interviewed in a new location. The results provide insights
into the nature of selection that will arise in studies that
fail to track and interview movers. Attrition, and types of
attrition, are related in complex ways to a broad array of
characteristics measured at baseline. In addition, the
evidence suggests attrition may be related to
characteristics that are not observed in our baseline.
Integrating IFLS with data from a Survey of Surveyors, we
describe characteristics of both the interviewers and the
interview that predict attrition in later waves. These
characteristics point to possible strategies that may reduce
levels of attrition and may also reduce the impact of
attrition on the interpretation of behavioral models
estimated with longitudinal data. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.08.015},
Key = {fds266619}
}
@article{fds266615,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Nobles, J and Sumantri, C},
Title = {Community destruction and traumatic stress in post-tsunami
Indonesia.},
Journal = {Journal of Health and Social Behavior},
Volume = {53},
Number = {4},
Pages = {498-514},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22940603},
Abstract = {How are individuals affected when the communities they live
in change for the worse? This question is central to
understanding neighborhood effects, but few study designs
generate estimates that can be interpreted causally. We
address issues of inference through a natural experiment,
examining post-traumatic stress at multiple time points in a
population differentially exposed to the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami. The data, from the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath
and Recovery, include interviews with over 16,000 Indonesian
adults before and after the event. These data are combined
with satellite imagery, direct observation, and informant
interviews to examine the consequences of community
destruction for post-traumatic stress. Using multilevel
linear mixed models, we show that community destruction
worsens post-traumatic stress, net of rigorous controls for
individual experiences of trauma and loss. Furthermore, the
effect of community destruction persists over time and
extends across a wide range of community
types.},
Doi = {10.1177/0022146512456207},
Key = {fds266615}
}
@article{fds266614,
Author = {Thomas, D and Witoelar, F and Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Strauss,
J and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W},
Title = {Cutting the costs of attrition: Results from the Indonesia
Family Life Survey},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {1},
Pages = {108-123},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.08.015},
Abstract = {Attrition is the Achilles heel of longitudinal surveys.
Drawing on our experience in the Indonesia Family Life
Survey (IFLS), we describe survey design and field
strategies that contributed to minimizing attrition over
four waves of the survey. The data are used to illustrate
the selectivity of respondents who attrit from the survey
and, also the selectivity of respondents who move from the
place they were interviewed at baseline and are subsequently
interviewed in a new location. The results provide insights
into the nature of selection that will arise in studies that
fail to track and interview movers. Attrition, and types of
attrition, are related in complex ways to a broad array of
characteristics measured at baseline. In addition, the
evidence suggests attrition may be related to
characteristics that are not observed in our baseline.
Integrating IFLS with data from a Survey of Surveyors, we
describe characteristics of both the interviewers and the
interview that predict attrition in later waves. These
characteristics point to possible strategies that may reduce
levels of attrition and may also reduce the impact of
attrition on the interpretation of behavioral models
estimated with longitudinal data. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.08.015},
Key = {fds266614}
}
@article{fds266604,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Global aging},
Pages = {73-89},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-380880-6.00006-X},
Abstract = {Social research on global aging is a rapidly growing field.
The goal of this chapter is to highlight emerging lines of
inquiry that are likely to have an important impact on
science and discusses challenges that have hindered
progress. The aggregate demographic features that drive
global aging are discussed. Current patterns and future
trends in low-income countries with respect to three
dimensions of aging: health; work and retirement; and living
arrangements and transfers are shown. Changes in age
structures have important implications for education and
work opportunities, taxation of earnings and wealth, savings
and insurance vehicles, and how earnings are taxed. Life
expectancy is largely driven by deaths at early ages and so
increases in life expectancy have presaged major shifts in
the global burden of disease. Biological markers of health
status have revolutionized research on population health,
but relying exclusively on those markers and health-related
behaviors limits progress on understanding global aging.
Efforts to conduct population-based studies that measure
other dimensions of health in the developing world have
increased knowledge of health conditions, particularly for
children and women of reproductive age. The evidence on the
health of men and older adults is more fragmented. The field
of global aging is in its infancy. It is an exciting area
for innovative research as it provides unparalleled
opportunities for making major contributions to both policy
and science. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-380880-6.00006-X},
Key = {fds266604}
}
@article{fds266620,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Gillespie, T and Preston, S and Sikoki, B and Thomas,
D},
Title = {MORTALITY, THE FAMILY AND THE INDIAN OCEAN
TSUNAMI.},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {121},
Number = {554},
Pages = {F162-F182},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02446.x},
Abstract = {Over 130,000 people died in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
The correlates of survival are examined using data from the
Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and Recovery (STAR), a
population-representative survey collected in Aceh and North
Sumatra, Indonesia, before and after the tsunami. Children,
older adults and females were the least likely to survive.
Whereas socio-economic factors mattered relatively little,
the evidence is consistent with physical strength playing a
role. Pre-tsunami household composition is predictive of
survival and suggests that stronger members sought to help
weaker members: men helped their wives, parents and
children, while women helped their children.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02446.x},
Key = {fds266620}
}
@article{fds266613,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Buttenheim, A and Sikoki, B and Suriastini,
W},
Title = {Do women increase their use of reproductive health care when
it becomes more available? Evidence from
Indonesia.},
Journal = {Studies in Family Planning},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-38},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19397183},
Abstract = {Data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey are used to
investigate the impact of a major expansion in access to
midwifery services on women's use of antenatal care and
delivery assistance. Between 1991 and 1998, Indonesia
trained some 50,000 midwives, placing them in poor
communities that were distant from health-care centers. We
analyze information from pregnancy histories to relate
changes in the choices that individual women make across
pregnancies to the arrival of a trained midwife in the
village. We show that regardless of a woman's educational
level, the placement of village midwives in communities is
associated with significant increases in women's receipt of
iron tablets and in their choices about care during
delivery--changes that reflect their moving away from
reliance on traditional birth attendants. For women with
relatively low levels of education, the presence of village
midwives has the additional benefit of increasing use of
antenatal care during the first trimester of pregnancy. The
results of the study suggest that bringing services closer
to women can change their patterns of use.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2009.00184.x},
Key = {fds266613}
}
@article{fds266618,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Buttenheim, A and Sikoki, B and Suriastini,
W},
Title = {Do Women Increase Their Use of Reproductive Health Care When
it Becomes More Available?},
Journal = {Studies in Family Planning},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds266618}
}
@article{fds266612,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Friedman, J and Gillespie, T and Ingwersen, N and Pynoos, R and Rifai, IU and Sikoki, B and Steinberg, A and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Mental health in Sumatra after the tsunami.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {98},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1671-1677},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18633091},
Abstract = {We assessed the levels and correlates of posttraumatic
stress reactivity (PTSR) of more than 20,000 adult tsunami
survivors by analyzing survey data from coastal Aceh and
North Sumatra, Indonesia.A population-representative sample
of individuals interviewed before the tsunami was traced in
2005 to 2006. We constructed 2 scales measuring PTSR by
using 7 symptom items from the Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-Civilian Version. One scale
measured PTSR at the time of interview, and the other
measured PTSR at the point of maximum intensity since the
disaster.PTSR scores were highest for respondents from
heavily damaged areas. In all areas, scores declined over
time. Gender and age were significant predictors of PTSR;
markers of socioeconomic status before the tsunami were not.
Exposure to traumatic events, loss of kin, and property
damage were significantly associated with higher PTSR
scores.The tsunami produced posttraumatic stress reactions
across a wide region of Aceh and North Sumatra. Public
health will be enhanced by the provision of counseling
services that reach not only people directly affected by the
tsunami but also those living beyond the area of immediate
impact.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2007.120915},
Key = {fds266612}
}
@misc{fds323808,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Comments on collecting and utilizing biological indicators
in social science surveys},
Pages = {149-155},
Booktitle = {Biosocial Surveys},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0309108683},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/11939},
Doi = {10.17226/11939},
Key = {fds323808}
}
@misc{fds150366,
Author = {J. Nobles and E. Frankenberg},
Title = {Mothers' Community Participation and Child
Health},
Journal = {Journal of Health and Social Behavior},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds150366}
}
@article{fds266611,
Author = {Gillespie, TW and Chu, J and Frankenberg, E and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Assessment and Prediction of Natural Hazards from Satellite
Imagery.},
Journal = {Progress in Physical Geography},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {459-470},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0309-1333},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133307083296},
Abstract = {Since 2000, there have been a number of spaceborne
satellites that have changed the way we assess and predict
natural hazards. These satellites are able to quantify
physical geographic phenomena associated with the movements
of the earth's surface (earthquakes, mass movements), water
(floods, tsunamis, storms), and fire (wildfires). Most of
these satellites contain active or passive sensors that can
be utilized by the scientific community for the remote
sensing of natural hazards over a number of spatial and
temporal scales. The most useful satellite imagery for the
assessment of earthquake damage comes from high-resolution
(0.6 m to 1 m pixel size) passive sensors and moderate
resolution active sensors that can quantify the vertical and
horizontal movement of the earth's surface. High-resolution
passive sensors have been used to successfully assess flood
damage while predictive maps of flood vulnerability areas
are possible based on physical variables collected from
passive and active sensors. Recent moderate resolution
sensors are able to provide near real time data on fires and
provide quantitative data used in fire behavior models.
Limitations currently exist due to atmospheric interference,
pixel resolution, and revisit times. However, a number of
new microsatellites and constellations of satellites will be
launched in the next five years that contain increased
resolution (0.5 m to 1 m pixel resolution for active
sensors) and revisit times (daily ≤ 2.5 m resolution
images from passive sensors) that will significantly improve
our ability to assess and predict natural hazards from
space.},
Doi = {10.1177/0309133307083296},
Key = {fds266611}
}
@misc{fds150367,
Author = {Thomas, Duncan and Elizabeth Frankenberg},
Title = {Houseshold Responses to the Financial Crisis in Indonesia:
Longitudinal Evidence on Poverty, Resources, and
Well-being},
Series = {Chapter 12},
Booktitle = {Globalization and Poverty},
Publisher = {Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Harrison},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds150367}
}
@misc{fds266606,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Smith, JP and Thomas, D},
Title = {Economic shocks, wealth, and welfare},
Pages = {330-369},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {0203005805},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203005804},
Abstract = {The immediate effects of the Asian crisis on the well-being
of Indonesians are examined using the Indonesia Family Life
Survey, an ongoing longitudinal household survey. There is
tremendous diversity in the effect of the shock: for some
households, it was devastating; for others it brought new
opportunities. A wide array of mechanisms was adopted in
response to the crisis. Households combined to more fully
exploit benefits of scale economies in consumption. Labor
supply increased even as real wages collapsed. Households
reduced spending on semidurables while maintaining
expenditures on foods. Rural households used wealth,
particularly gold, to smooth consumption.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203005804},
Key = {fds266606}
}
@article{fds266637,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Can expanding access to basic healthcare improve children's
health status? Lessons from Indonesia's 'midwife in the
village' programme.},
Journal = {Population Studies},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-19},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0032-4728},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15764131},
Abstract = {In the 1990s, the Indonesian government placed over 50,000
midwives in communities throughout the country. We examine
how this expansion in health services affected children's
height-for-age. To address the problem that midwives were
not randomly allocated to communities, the estimation
exploits the biology of childhood growth, the timing of the
introduction of midwives to communities, and rich
longitudinal data. The evidence indicates that the
nutritional status of children fully exposed to a midwife
during early childhood is significantly better than that of
their peers of the same age and cohort in communities
without a midwife. The former are also better off than
children assessed at the same age from the same communities
but who were born before the midwife arrived. Within
communities, the improvement in nutritional status across
cohorts is greater where midwives were introduced than where
they were not. This result is robust to the inclusion of
community fixed effects.},
Doi = {10.1080/0032472052000332674},
Key = {fds266637}
}
@article{fds266636,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and McKee, D and Thomas, D},
Title = {Health consequences of forest fires in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-129},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15782898},
Abstract = {We combined data from a population-based longitudinal survey
with satellite measures of aerosol levels to assess the
impact of smoke from forest fires that blanketed the
Indonesian islands of Kalimantan and Sumatra in late 1997 on
adult health. To account for unobserved differences between
haze and nonhaze areas, we compared changes in the health of
individual respondents. Between 1993 and 1997, individuals
who were exposed to haze experienced greater increases in
difficulty with activities of daily living than did their
counterparts in nonhaze areas. The results for respiratory
and general health, although more complicated to interpret,
suggest that haze had a negative impact on these dimensions
of health.},
Doi = {10.1353/dem.2005.0004},
Key = {fds266636}
}
@misc{fds70446,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and A. Buttenheim and B. Sikoki and W.
Suriastini},
Title = {Do Women Respond to Expansions in Reproductive Health
Care?},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds70446}
}
@article{fds70447,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Christopher McKelvey and Duncan
Thomas},
Title = {Fertility Regulation and Economic Shocks},
Booktitle = {Working Paper, California Center for Population Research,
CCPR-022-05},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds70447}
}
@article{fds266635,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Jones, NR},
Title = {Self-rated health and mortality: does the relationship
extend to a low income setting?},
Journal = {Journal of Health and Social Behavior},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {441-452},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1465},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15869115},
Abstract = {Although a relationship between poor self-reported health
status and excess mortality risk has been well-established
for industrialized countries, almost no research considers
developing countries. We use data from Indonesia to show
that in a low-income setting, as in more advantaged parts of
the world, individuals who perceive their health to be poor
are significantly more likely to die in subsequent follow-up
periods than their counterparts who view their health as
good. This result characterizes both men and women, holds
for multiple time periods, and remains after inclusion of
measures of nutritional status, physical functioning,
symptoms of poor physical health and depression, and
hypertension. We also consider the correlates of self-rated
health. Symptoms and physical functioning are strong
predictors of reporting poor rather than good health, but
neither these indicators nor other covariates we consider
distinguish between reports of excellent rather than good
health.},
Doi = {10.1177/002214650404500406},
Key = {fds266635}
}
@article{fds266634,
Author = {Thomas, D and Beegle, K and Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Strauss, J and Teruel, G},
Title = {Education in a crisis},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-85},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.12.004},
Abstract = {The year 1998 saw the onset of a major economic and
financial crisis in Indonesia. GDP fell by 12% that year.
The effect on education of the next generation is examined.
On average, household spending on education declined, most
dramatically among the poorest households. Spending
reductions were particularly marked in poor households with
more young children, while there was a tendency to protect
education spending in poor households with more older
children. The evidence on school enrollments mirrors these
findings. Poor households apparently sought to protect
investments in the schooling of older children at the
expense of the education of younger children. © 2004
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.12.004},
Key = {fds266634}
}
@misc{fds70451,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Jenna Nobles and Bondan Sikoki and Wayan
Suriastini},
Title = {Children’s Use of Preventive Health Care: Can Community
Programs Make a Difference?},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds70451}
}
@misc{fds70416,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Randall Kuhn},
Title = {The Role of Social Context in Shaping Intergenerational
Relations in Indonesia and Bangladesh},
Series = {Chapter 8},
Booktitle = {Intergenerational Relations Across Time and
Place},
Publisher = {New York: Springer Publishing Company},
Editor = {Giarrusso and Bengtson},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds70416}
}
@article{fds70448,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth},
Title = {Sometimes it takes a Village: Collective Efficacy and
Children’s Use of Preventive Care},
Booktitle = {Working Paper, California Center for Population Research,
CCPR-028-04},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds70448}
}
@article{fds70449,
Author = {Thomas, Duncan and Elizabeth Frankenberg and Jed Friedman and Jean-Pierre Habicht and Christopher McKelvey and Gretel Pelto and Bondan Sikoki and James P. Smith and Cecep Sumantri and Wayan
Suriastini},
Title = {Causal effect of health on labor market outcomes},
Booktitle = {Working Paper, California Center for Population Research,
CCPR-022-04},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds70449}
}
@article{fds70452,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Randall Kuhn},
Title = {The Implications of Family Systems and Economic Context for
Intergenerational Transfers in Indonesia and
Bangladesh},
Booktitle = {Working Paper, California Center for Population Research,
CCPR-027-04},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds70452}
}
@article{fds266633,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Suriastini, W},
Title = {Contraceptive use in a changing service environment:
evidence from Indonesia during the economic
crisis.},
Journal = {Studies in Family Planning},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {103-116},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12889342},
Abstract = {In the late 1990s, most Southeast Asian countries
experienced substantial economic downturns that reduced
social-sector spending and decreased individuals' spending
power. Data from Indonesia were collected in 1997 (just
before the crisis) and in 1998 (during the crisis) that are
used in this study to examine changes in the contraceptive
supply environment and in women's choices regarding
contraceptive use. Despite substantial changes in providers'
characteristics during the first year of the crisis, no
statistically significant differences are found between 1997
and 1998 in overall levels of prevalence, in unmet need, or
in method mix. Women's choices regarding source of
contraceptive supplies, however, changed considerably over
the period. Changes in the contraceptive supply environment
are linked here to changes in women's choice of source of
supply, and a number of providers' characteristics are found
to be significantly associated with women's choices in this
regard.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2003.00103.x},
Key = {fds266633}
}
@article{fds266610,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Smith, JP and Thomas, D},
Title = {Economic shocks, wealth, and welfare},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {280-321},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1558746},
Abstract = {The immediate effects of the Asian crisis on the well-being
of Indonesians are examined using the Indonesia Family Life
Survey, an ongoing longitudinal household survey. There is
tremendous diversity in the effect of the shock: For some
households, it was devastating; for others it brought new
opportunities. A wide array of mechanisms was adopted in
response to the crisis. Households combined to more fully
exploit benefits of scale economies in consumption. Labor
supply increased even as real wages collapsed. Households
reduced spending on semidurables while maintaining
expenditures on foods. Rural households used wealth,
particularly gold, to smooth consumption.},
Doi = {10.2307/1558746},
Key = {fds266610}
}
@misc{fds70419,
Author = {Duncan Thomas and Kathleen Beegle and Elizabeth
Frankenberg},
Title = {Labor market transitions of men and women during an economic
crisis: Evidence from Indonesia},
Series = {Chapter 3},
Booktitle = {Women in the labour market in changing economies:
Demographic issues},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {B. Garcia and R. Anker and A. Pinnelli},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds70419}
}
@article{fds266632,
Author = {Frankenberg, and Elizabeth, and Smith, JP and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Economic shocks, wealth, and welfare: evidence from the
Indonesia Family Life Survey},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {280-321},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266632}
}
@article{fds266630,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Lillard, L and Willis, RJ},
Title = {Patterns of intergenerational transfers in Southeast
Asia},
Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {627-641},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-2445},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00627.x},
Abstract = {This article explores motivations for intergenerational
exchanges of time and money using data from Indonesia. The
extent of exchange and underlying motivations differ across
families but substantial evidence supports the theory that
transfers within families serve as insurance for family
members. The results also suggest that between some parents
and children money is exchanged for time. Additionally, some
evidence is consistent with the idea that parents pay for
their children's education partly as a loan that is later
repaid. The authors compare their results to those that they
obtained previously for Malaysia using similar data and
methods. The findings regarding motivations for transfers
are remarkably similar across the two countries.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00627.x},
Key = {fds266630}
}
@article{fds266631,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Chan, A and Ofstedal, MB},
Title = {Stability and change in living arrangements in Indonesia,
Singapore, and Taiwan, 1993-99},
Journal = {Population Studies},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-213},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324720215928},
Abstract = {We use longitudinal data from Indonesia, Singapore, and
Taiwan to examine stability and change in the co-residence
of older adults and their children. Longitudinal data
support the analysis of transitions in living arrangements.
We focus on how life-cycle characteristics of older adults
and their children are related to co-residence at a point in
time, to maintaining co-residence over time, and to
transitions into and out of co-residence. We find that many
of the characteristics found to be associated with
co-residence at baseline interviews exhibit an even stronger
association with continued co-residence over time. While
some of the results support the interpretation that
co-residence provides support for parents as they age, the
needs of children also play an important role in the
decision to co-reside.},
Doi = {10.1080/00324720215928},
Key = {fds266631}
}
@article{fds266628,
Author = {Smith, JP and Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E and Beegle, K and Teruel,
G},
Title = {Wages, employment and economic shocks: Evidence from
Indonesia},
Journal = {Journal of Population Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {161-193},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003837},
Abstract = {After over a quarter century of sustained economic growth,
Indonesia was struck by a large and unanticipated crisis at
the end of the 20th Century. Real GDP declined by about 12%
in 1998. Using 13 years of annual labor force data in
conjunction with two waves of a household panel, the
Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS), this paper examines the
impact of the crisis on labor market outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1007/PL00003837},
Key = {fds266628}
}
@article{fds266629,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Health, nutrition and prosperity: a microeconomic
perspective.},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {106-113},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0042-9686},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11953788},
Abstract = {A positive correlation between health and economic
prosperity has been widely documented, but the extent to
which this reflects a causal effect of health on economic
outcomes is very controversial. Two classes of evidence are
examined. First, carefully designed random assignment
studies in the laboratory and field provide compelling
evidence that nutritional deficiency - particularly iron
deficiency - reduces work capacity and, in some cases, work
output. Confidence in these results is bolstered by a good
understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Some
random assignment studies indicate an improved yield from
health services in the labour market. Second, observational
studies suggest that general markers of nutritional status,
such as height and body mass index (BMI), are significant
predictors of economic success although their interpretation
is confounded by the fact that they reflect influences from
early childhood and family background. Energy intake and
possibly the quality of the diet have also been found to be
predictive of economic success in observational studies.
However, the identification of causal pathways in these
studies is difficult and involves statistical assumptions
about unobserved heterogeneity that are difficult to test.
Illustrations using survey data demonstrate the practical
importance of this concern. Furthermore, failure to take
into account the dynamic interplay between changes in health
and economic status has led to limited progress being
reported in the literature. A broadening of random
assignment studies to measure the effects of an intervention
on economic prosperity, investment in population-based
longitudinal socioeconomic surveys, and application of
emerging technologies for a better measure of health in
these surveys will yield very high returns in improving our
understanding of how health influences economic
prosperity.},
Key = {fds266629}
}
@misc{fds70421,
Author = {Thomas, Duncan and Elizabeth Frankenberg},
Title = {The measurement and interpretation of health in social
surveys},
Series = {Chapter 8.2},
Pages = {387-420},
Booktitle = {Measurement of the Global Burden of Disease},
Publisher = {Geneva: World Health Organization},
Editor = {C. Murray and J. Salomon and C. Mathers and A. Lopez},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds70421}
}
@article{fds266627,
Author = {Beegle, K and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Bargaining power within couples and use of prenatal and
delivery care in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Studies in Family Planning},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {130-146},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11449862},
Abstract = {Indonesian women's power relative to that of their husbands
is examined to determine how it affects use of prenatal and
delivery care. Holding household resources constant, a
woman's control over economic resources affects the couple's
decision-making. Compared with a woman with no assets that
she perceives as being her own, a woman with some share of
household assets influences reproductive health decisions.
Evidence suggests that her influence on service use also
varies if a woman is better educated than her husband, comes
from a background of higher social status than her
husband's, or if her father is better educated than her
father-in-law. Therefore, both economic and social
dimensions of the distribution of power between spouses
influence use of services, and conceptualizing power as
multidimensional is useful for understanding couples'
behavior.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00130.x},
Key = {fds266627}
}
@article{fds266626,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Women's health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a
difference?},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-265},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11392911},
Abstract = {We use data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey to
investigate the impact of a major expansion in access to
midwifery services on health and pregnancy outcomes for
women of reproductive age. Between 1990 and 1998 Indonesia
trained some 50,000 midwives. Between 1993 and 1997 these
midwives tended to be placed in relatively poor communities
that were relatively distant from health centers. We show
that additions of village midwives to communities between
1993 and 1997 are associated with a significant increase in
body mass index in 1997 relative to 1993 for women of
reproductive age, but not for men or for older women. The
presence of a village midwife during pregnancy is also
associated with increased birthweight. Both results are
robust to the inclusion of community-level fixed effects, a
strategy that addresses many of the concerns about biases
because of nonrandom program placement.},
Doi = {10.1353/dem.2001.0014},
Key = {fds266626}
}
@article{fds266609,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E and Smith, JP},
Title = {Lost but not forgetten: Attrition and follow-up in the
Indonesia family life survey},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {556-592},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3069630},
Abstract = {Data from three waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey
(IFLS) are used to examine follow-up and attrition in the
context of a large scale panel survey conducted in a
low-income setting. Household-level attrition between the
baseline and first follow-up four years later is less than 6
percent; the cumulative attrition between the baseline and
second follow-up after a five-year hiatus is 5 percent.
Attrition is low in the IFLS because movers are followed:
around 12 percent of households that were interviewed in the
first follow-up had moved from their location at baseline.
About half of those households were "local movers." The
other half, many of whom had moved to a new province, were
interviewed during a second sweep through the study areas
("second tracking"). Regression analyses indicate that in
terms of household-level characteristics at baseline,
households interviewed during second tracking are very
similar to those not interviewed in the follow-up surveys.
Local movers are more similar to the households found in the
baseline location in the follow-ups. The results suggest
that the information content of households interviewed
during second tracking is probably high. The cost of
following those respondents is relatively modest in the
IFLS. Although the analytical value of reinterviewing movers
will vary depending on the specifics of the research, we
conclude that, in general, tracking movers is a worthwhile
investment in longitudinal household surveys conducted in
settings where communication infrastructure is
limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/3069630},
Key = {fds266609}
}
@article{fds266625,
Author = {Thomas, and Duncan, and Frankenberg, E and Smith,
JP},
Title = {Lost but not forgotten: Attrition and recall error in
Indonesia},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {161-193},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266625}
}
@book{fds70430,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Duncan Thomas},
Title = {The Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS): Study Design and
Results from Waves 1 and 2},
Series = {DRU-2238/Volumes 1-7 NIA/NICHD},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds70430}
}
@misc{fds70429,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth},
Title = {Community and price data in the Living Standards Measurement
Surveys},
Booktitle = {Designing Household Survey Questionnaires for Developing
Countries: Lessons from Fifteen Years of LSMS
Experience},
Publisher = {The World Bank},
Editor = {Grosh, M. and P. Glewwe},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds70429}
}
@article{fds266624,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Beard, V and Saputra, M},
Title = {The kindred spirit: The ties that bind Indonesian children
and their parents},
Journal = {Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {65-86},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper uses panel data from two rounds of the Indonesia
Family Life Survey (IFLS1 and IFLS2) to examine the
correlates of shared living arrangements between adult
children and older parents. We consider the question from
two perspectives: that of prime-age adults (under 60) and
that of elderly (60 and above). For both groups, we find
that opportunities to co-reside are strong determinants of
whether coresidence occurs in 1993. That is, for prime-age
adults, the number of living siblings is strongly negatively
associated with the presence of a parent in the household.
For the elderly, the number of living children is strongly
positively associated with whether a child is present in the
household. Households headed by elderly respondents are also
more likely to contain a child if they are in urban areas or
in areas where housing costs are relatively high. We also
examine the correlates of the transition to shared living
arrangements by 1997. For the elderly, although
socioeconomic factors play a role in coresidence in 1993,
they are not related to a transition to coresidence by 1997.
Among prime-age adults, it is the younger and better
educated household heads who are more likely to transition
to coresidence by 1997, but these factors do not explain
coresidence in 1993.},
Key = {fds266624}
}
@misc{fds70454,
Author = {Thomas, Duncan and Elizabeth Frankenberg and Bondan
Sikoki},
Title = {The measurement of power and its implications for
understanding intra-household decision-making},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds70454}
}
@article{fds70453,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Duncan Thomas and Kathleen
Beegle},
Title = {The real costs of Indonesia’s economic crisis: preliminary
findings from the Indonesia Family Life Surveys},
Booktitle = {Labor and Population Working Paper, DRU-2064-NIA/NICHD},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds70453}
}
@misc{fds70455,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Kathleen Beegle},
Title = {The role of government and community in women’s knowledge
of health services},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds70455}
}
@misc{fds70456,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Duncan Thomas and Bondan Sikoki and Wayan
Suriastini, Cecep Sukria and Merry Widayanti},
Title = {Physical health status of Indonesians: early results from
the second wave of the Indonesian Family Life
Survey},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds70456}
}
@misc{fds70432,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth},
Title = {The relationship between infant and child mortality and
subsequent fertility in Indonesia: 1971-1991},
Pages = {316-338},
Booktitle = {From Birth to Death: Mortality Decline and Reproductive
Change},
Publisher = {National Academy of Sciences, NAS Press},
Editor = {Montgomery and Cohen},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds70432}
}
@article{fds266623,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Surisatini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Nutritional Status in Indonesia: Evidence from the 1993
Indonesian Family Life Survey.},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-144},
Year = {1996},
Abstract = {We use data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey to
examine patterns of height and weight among Indonesians of
all ages.},
Key = {fds266623}
}
@article{fds303093,
Author = {Frankenberg, E},
Title = {The effects of access to health care on infant mortality in
Indonesia.},
Journal = {Health Transition Review : the Cultural, Social, and
Behavioural Determinants of Health},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-163},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1036-4005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10159677},
Abstract = {This paper examines the impact of access to health
facilities and personnel on infant and child mortality in
Indonesia. Demographic and Health Survey data are combined
with village-level censuses of infrastructure collected by
the Central Bureau of Statistics. Because the village-level
data are available from two points in time, it is possible
to analyse the effects on mortality risks within the village
of changes in access to health care. Factors about villages
that might affect both access to health care and mortality
risks are held constant. Adding a maternity clinic to a
village decreases the odds of infant mortality by almost 15
per cent, in comparison to the risk before the clinic was
added. An additional doctor reduces the odds by about 1.7
per cent.},
Key = {fds303093}
}
@book{fds70435,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Lynn Karoly},
Title = {The 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey: overview and field
report},
Series = {DRU-1195/1-NICHD/AID},
Publisher = {RAND},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds70435}
}
@article{fds266621,
Author = {Frankenberg Elizabeth},
Title = {The effects of access to health care on infant mortality in
Indonesia: A fixed effects approach to evaluating health
services},
Journal = {Health Transitions Review},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-162},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {1036-4005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10159677},
Abstract = {This paper examines the impact of access to health
facilities and personnel on infant and child mortality in
Indonesia. Demographic and Health Survey data are combined
with village-level censuses of infrastructure collected by
the Central Bureau of Statistics. Because the village-level
data are available from two points in time, it is possible
to analyse the effects on mortality risks within the village
of changes in access to health care. Factors about villages
that might affect both access to health care and mortality
risks are held constant. Adding a maternity clinic to a
village decreases the odds of infant mortality by almost 15
per cent, in comparison to the risk before the clinic was
added. An additional doctor reduces the odds by about 1.7
per cent.},
Key = {fds266621}
}
@article{fds266622,
Author = {Frankenberg, and Elizabeth, and Mason, WM},
Title = {Maternal education and health-related behaviors: A
Preliminary Analysis of the Indonesian Family Life
Survey},
Journal = {Journal of Population},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-44},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds266622}
}
@misc{fds70500,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Jack Molyneaux and Paul
Gertler.},
Title = {Children’s health care use in Indonesia},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds70500}
}
@misc{fds70501,
Author = {Gertler, Paul and Glen Melnick and Jack Molyneaux and Elizabeth
Frankenberg and Carl Serrato.},
Title = {Financing health care: lessons from the Indonesian Resource
Mobilization Study},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds70501}
}
@article{fds266607,
Author = {Ross, JA and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Findings from two decades of family planning
research},
Journal = {Findings From Two Decades of Family Planning
Research},
Publisher = {New York: The Population Council},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Presents a selection of empirical conclusions from a body of
research in the subject over the last 20 yr, reviewing 12
topics of current interest. These are arranged in four
groups: fertility, contraception and programs; program
approaches (eg community based distribution and social
marketing), birth control methods (eg sterilization,
abortion); and the relationship between health and
contraception. -M.Amos},
Key = {fds266607}
}
@article{fds343240,
Author = {Ross, JA and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Findings from two decades of family planning
research},
Journal = {Findings From Two Decades of Family Planning
Research},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Presents a selection of empirical conclusions from a body of
research in the subject over the last 20 yr, reviewing 12
topics of current interest. These are arranged in four
groups: fertility, contraception and programs; program
approaches (eg community based distribution and social
marketing), birth control methods (eg sterilization,
abortion); and the relationship between health and
contraception. -M.Amos},
Key = {fds343240}
}
@misc{fds70502,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Jack Molyneaux and Paul
Gertler.},
Title = {Access to health care: patterns of care in
Indonesia},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds70502}
}
@misc{fds70503,
Author = {Gertler, Paul and Carl Serrato and Jack Molyneaux and Elizabeth
Frankenberg and Laura Kohn.},
Title = {Poverty analysis and policy formulation: targeting poverty
with economic and non-monetary measures from the 1992
SUSENAS},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds70503}
}
@misc{fds70504,
Author = {Gertler, Paul and Jack Molyneaux and Lies Achmad and Elizabeth
Frankenberg},
Title = {Equity in access and utilization},
Series = {Chapter 5},
Booktitle = {Health Care Resource Needs and Mobilization in Kaltim and
NTB: Interim Results},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds70504}
}
@misc{fds70505,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Bambang Kristianto.},
Title = {A multilevel model of the determinants of infant and early
childhood mortality in Indonesia},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds70505}
}
@misc{fds70438,
Author = {Molyneaux, Jack and Andrew Kantner and Djusni Meirida and Elizabeth
Frankenberg, Kasmiyati and Waloejo},
Title = {The duration of contraceptive use},
Booktitle = {Secondary Analysis of the 1987 National Indonesia
Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, Volume I, Fertility and
Family Planning},
Publisher = {National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) and
East-West Center},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds70438}
}
@misc{fds70439,
Author = {Molyneaux, Jack and Andrew Kantner and Djusni Meirida and Elizabeth
Frankenberg, Kasmiyati and Waloejo},
Title = {Contraceptive method failure and use compliance},
Booktitle = {Secondary Analysis of the 1987 National Indonesia
Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, Volume I, Fertility and
Family Planning},
Publisher = {National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) and
East-West Center},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds70439}
}
@misc{fds70440,
Author = {Kantner, Andrew and Elizabeth Frankenberg},
Title = {Levels and trends in fertility and mortality in
Bangladesh},
Series = {Chapter 1},
Booktitle = {Bangladesh Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, 1985, Secondary
Analysis},
Publisher = {Dhaka, Bangladesh: Mitra and Associates},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds70440}
}
@misc{fds70441,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth and Khan Matin},
Title = {Determinants of child mortality in Bangladesh},
Series = {Chapter 3},
Booktitle = {Bangladesh Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, 1985, Secondary
Analysis},
Publisher = {Dhaka, Bangladesh: Mitra and Associates},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds70441}
}
@misc{fds70442,
Author = {Islam, Ataurhul and Elizabeth Frankenberg and Khan
Matin},
Title = {Duration of contraceptive use in Bangladesh},
Series = {Chapter 5},
Booktitle = {Bangladesh Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, 1985, Secondary
Analysis},
Publisher = {Dhaka, Bangladesh: Mitra and Associates},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds70442}
}
@misc{fds70443,
Author = {Islam, Ataurhul and Elizabeth Frankenberg and Andrew
Kanter},
Title = {Determinants of acceptance, continuation, and termination of
family planning methods},
Series = {Chapter 7},
Booktitle = {Bangladesh Contraceptive Prevalence Survey, 1985, Secondary
Analysis},
Publisher = {Dhaka, Bangladesh: Mitra and Associates},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds70443}
}
@misc{fds70444,
Author = {Frankenberg, Elizabeth},
Title = {Social integration and economic development in the
transmigration area and area development project of Luwu,
South Sulawesi, Indonesia},
Booktitle = {Annals},
Publisher = {Southeast Regional Conference, Association of Asian
Studies},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds70444}
}
%% Fullenkamp, Connel
@article{fds372658,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and González Gómez and A and Hilmi, N and Magud, NE},
Title = {The price is not right},
Journal = {Frontiers in Climate},
Volume = {5},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2023.1225190},
Abstract = {The 2015 Paris Agreement requires all nations to combat
climate change and to adapt to its effects. Countries
promise to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
through their Nationally Determined Contributions. Pledges
to reduce emissions, however, have implications for economic
growth. We estimate the link between economic growth and CO2
pollution levels and find that this relationship is highly
non-linear. A country's GHG emissions rise rapidly as its
economic activity rises, relative to global activity,
meaning that fast-growing countries contribute most heavily
to current GHG emissions. Then, using real per-capita GDP as
our metric, we estimate how much the carbon price should be
in order to remove the economic growth benefit from excess
GHG emissions. We find that the implied prices are far
higher than the prices on any existing market for emissions
as well as estimates of the social cost of carbon. Our
findings also have important implications for the global
dialogue regarding responsibility for climate mitigation as
well as for the choice of policies to support mitigation
efforts.},
Doi = {10.3389/fclim.2023.1225190},
Key = {fds372658}
}
@article{fds374198,
Author = {Hilmi, N and Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Jafari, M and Sumaila,
UR},
Title = {Editorial: Nature-based solutions, climate mitigation,
biodiversity conservation},
Journal = {Frontiers in Climate},
Volume = {5},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2023.1308032},
Doi = {10.3389/fclim.2023.1308032},
Key = {fds374198}
}
@article{fds363973,
Author = {Berzaghi, F and Cosimano, T and Fullenkamp, C and Scanlon, J and Fon,
TE and Robson, MT and Forbang, JL and Chami, R},
Title = {Value wild animals’ carbon services to fill the
biodiversity financing gap},
Journal = {Nature Climate Change},
Volume = {12},
Number = {7},
Pages = {598-601},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-022-01407-4},
Doi = {10.1038/s41558-022-01407-4},
Key = {fds363973}
}
@article{fds363442,
Author = {Berzaghi, F and Chami, R and Cosimano, T and Fullenkamp,
C},
Title = {Financing conservation by valuing carbon services produced
by wild animals.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {22},
Pages = {e2120426119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120426119},
Abstract = {Filling the global biodiversity financing gap will require
significant investments from financial markets, which demand
credible valuations of ecosystem services and natural
capital. However, current valuation approaches discourage
investment in conservation because their results cannot be
verified using market-determined prices. Here, we bridge the
gap between finance and conservation by valuing only wild
animals’ carbon services for which market prices exist. By
projecting the future path of carbon service production
using a spatially explicit demographic model, we place a
credible value on the carbon capture services produced by
African forest elephants. If elephants were protected, their
services would be worth $20.8 billion ($10.3 to $29.7
billion) and $25.9 billion ($12.8 to $37.6 billion) for the
next 10 and 30 y, respectively, and could finance
antipoaching and conservation programs. Elephant population
growth would generate a carbon sink of 109 MtC (64 to 153)
across tropical Africa in the next 30 y. Avoided elephant
extinction would also prevent the loss of 93 MtC (46 to
130), which is the contribution of the remaining
populations. Uncertainties in our projections are controlled
mainly by forest regeneration rates and poaching intensity,
which indicate that conservation can actively reduce
uncertainty for increased financial and biodiversity
benefits. Our methodology can also place lower bounds on the
social cost of nature degradation. Poaching would result in
$2 to $7 billion of lost carbon services within the next 10
to 30 y, suggesting that the benefits of protecting
elephants far outweigh the costs. Our methodology enables
the integration of animal services into global financial
markets with major implications for conservation, local
socioeconomies, and conservation.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2120426119},
Key = {fds363442}
}
@article{fds363255,
Author = {Chami, R and Cosimano, T and Fullenkamp, C and Nieburg,
D},
Title = {Toward a Nature-Based Economy},
Journal = {Frontiers in Climate},
Volume = {4},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2022.855803},
Abstract = {Humanity faces a dual threat to its existence: climate
change and biodiversity loss. The two risks are linked
through human activity and an economic system that promotes
growth at the expense of nature. Creating a nature-based
economy can mitigate the dual risks and bring sustained,
shared prosperity. The article shows how markets can be
developed around the protection and regeneration of nature.
Policies and actions needed to unleash the resources and
innovation of markets to ensure that nature-based economic
growth is shared and sustainable are specified. A
nature-based economy ensures that conservation is a source
of capital for development.},
Doi = {10.3389/fclim.2022.855803},
Key = {fds363255}
}
@misc{fds367757,
Author = {Chami, R and Cosimano, T and Fullenkamp, C and Berzaghi, F and Español-Jiménez, S and Marcondes, M and Palazzo,
J},
Title = {The Value of Nature to Our Health and Economic Well-Being: A
Framework with Application to Elephants and
Whales},
Journal = {Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics},
Pages = {117-162},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9783031103018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10302-5_7},
Abstract = {We develop a framework for natural resource valuation that
directly addresses the fundamental collective action problem
in environmental protection. Our framework uses the lessons
of behavioral economics to create values that individual
decision makers find credible and relatable, in addition to
stimulating excitement or concern that is essential to
prompting action. We then apply this framework to value
forest elephants in Africa and great whales that are found
off the coasts of Brazil and Chile. The values we estimate
for individual members of these species are significant:
$1.75 million per forest elephant and an average of $2
million per whale. We discuss how our valuations lead to new
designs for environmental preservation and restoration
policies.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-10302-5_7},
Key = {fds367757}
}
@misc{fds358744,
Author = {Barajas, A and Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {The state of finance in fragile states},
Pages = {186-208},
Booktitle = {Macroeconomic Policy in Fragile States},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780198853091},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853091.003.0007},
Abstract = {This chapter describes the state of financial development in
fragile states. Our analysis primarily relies on indicators
from the World Bank Global Financial Development Database,
which have been used extensively in the literature to
capture the degree to which financial services and
activities are present in an economy (depth) and the extent
to which they are disseminated and made available to the
population (inclusion). We find that financial depth in
fragile states is underdeveloped and financial inclusion is
low, but with significant heterogeneity among fragile
states. We conduct empirical exercises which suggest that
fragility is negatively related to financial development,
both in terms of depth and especially in terms of inclusion,
and exercises that also point to certain aspects of
fragility most associated with financial underperformance.
Finally, we use a benchmarking exercise to estimate how much
financial underdevelopment in fragile states is costing
them, in terms of economic growth.},
Doi = {10.1093/oso/9780198853091.003.0007},
Key = {fds358744}
}
@misc{fds358745,
Author = {Chami, R and Ernst, E and Fullenkamp, C and Oeking,
A},
Title = {Do financial flows make a differencein fragile
states?},
Pages = {448-492},
Booktitle = {Macroeconomic Policy in Fragile States},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780198853091},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853091.003.0015},
Abstract = {A rising number of people is living in fragile countries
whose weak institutions fail to deliver on decent work and
poverty reduction. The chapter discusses to what extent
external financial flows, such as remittances, foreign
direct investment or official development aid, can
substitute for weak institutions. Fragility matters: fragile
countries receive different amounts of financial flows than
their non-fragile peers, and these flows affect them
differently. Fragility lowers the effect of financial flows
on growth, living standards and inequality. Foreign direct
investment (FDI) has a moderate impact on poverty
alleviation, albeit concentrated on employment gains in
mining and natural resources. Remittances provide some weak
relief for the poor, with less pernicious effects on growth
and labour supply than in non-fragile countries. ODA does
not improve social outcomes but rather exacerbates
fragility. Policymakers should focus on improving upon the
positive contribution of FDI and remittances on jobs and
growth, avoiding the remittances trap.},
Doi = {10.1093/oso/9780198853091.003.0015},
Key = {fds358745}
}
@article{fds354209,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Cosimano, T and Berzaghi,
F},
Title = {African forest elephants fight climate change by
contributing in surprising ways to natural carbon
capture},
Journal = {Finance and Development},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {58-62},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds354209}
}
@article{fds363443,
Author = {Submitter, DUE and Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Berzaghi, F and Español-Jiménez, S and Marcondes, M and Palazzo,
J},
Title = {On Valuing Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change: A
Framework with Application to Elephants and
Whales},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {297},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds363443}
}
@article{fds338470,
Author = {Chami, R and Ernst, E and Fullenkamp, C and Oeking,
A},
Title = {Is there a remittance trap?},
Journal = {Finance and Development},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {44-47},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds338470}
}
@article{fds322425,
Author = {Fullenkamp, C and Rochon, C},
Title = {Reconsidering bank capital regulation: a new combination of
rules, regulators, and market discipline},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Policy Reform},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {343-359},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17487870.2016.1181550},
Abstract = {Despite revisions to bank capital standards, fundamental
shortcomings remain: the rules for setting capital
requirements need to be simpler, and resolution should be an
essential part of the capital requirement framework.We
propose a revised system of capital regulation that
addresses these needs by making changes to all three pillars
of bank regulation: only common equity should be recognized
as regulatory capital, and risk weighting of assets should
be abandoned; capital requirements should be assigned on an
institution-by-institution basis according to a regulatory
(s, S) approach developed in the paper; a standard for
prompt, corrective action is incorporated into the (s, S)
approach.},
Doi = {10.1080/17487870.2016.1181550},
Key = {fds322425}
}
@article{fds324855,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Cosimano, T and Rochon,
C},
Title = {If financial institutions combine banking and nonbanking
business there is potential for danger},
Journal = {Finance and Development},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-45},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324855}
}
@article{fds294311,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Beyond the household},
Journal = {Finance and Development},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {48-51},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0145-1707},
Key = {fds294311}
}
@article{fds324302,
Author = {Sharma, S and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Good Financial Regulation: Changing the Process is
Crucial},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324302}
}
@article{fds294314,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Sharma, S},
Title = {A framework for financial market development},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Policy Reform},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-135},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1748-7870},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17487871003700804},
Abstract = {A framework for examining the process of financial market
development is proposed. The framework is anchored in
studying the incentives facing the key players in financial
markets - borrowers, lenders, liquidity providers, and
regulators - whose actions determine whether and how markets
develop. While different financial instruments embody
different concessions by borrowers and lenders, the
framework emphasizes two main compromises: the tradeoffs
between maturity and collateral, and between seniority and
control in the sequencing of market development. © 2010
Taylor & Francis.},
Doi = {10.1080/17487871003700804},
Key = {fds294314}
}
@article{fds294315,
Author = {Fullenkamp, CR and Chami, R and Barajas, A and Garg,
A},
Title = {The Global Financial Crisis and Workers’ Remittances to
Africa: What’s the Damage?},
Journal = {Journal of African Development},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-78},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds294315}
}
@article{fds294313,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Development a wobbly crutch},
Journal = {Finance and Development},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {31},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0145-1707},
Key = {fds294313}
}
@article{fds324303,
Author = {Barajas, A and Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Gapen, M and Montiel,
PJ},
Title = {Do Workers' Remittances Promote Economic
Growth?},
Number = {09-153},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds324303}
}
@article{fds294316,
Author = {Chami, R and Barajas, A and Cosimano, T and Fullenkamp, C and Gapen, M and Montiel, P},
Title = {Macroeconomic consequences of remittances},
Journal = {IMF Occasional Papers},
Number = {259},
Pages = {1-84},
Publisher = {International Monetary Fund},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781589067011},
ISSN = {0251-6365},
url = {http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/op/259/op259.pdf},
Abstract = {Two main issues that are of interest to policymakers with
regards to remittances include how to manage macroeconomic
effects and how to harness development potential in
developing countries. A global study of the comprehensive
macroeconomic effects of remittances on the economies that
receive them addresses the above questions by reporting
results. The study also draws summary policy implications
for countries that receive significant flows of remittances.
Based on the study, remittances improve households' welfare
by lifting families out of poverty and insuring them against
income shocks. However, the study also yields a number of
caveats and policy considerations that have been overlooked:
measurement, fiscal policy, debt sustainability, fiscal
discipline, economic growth, dutch disease effects,
governance and incentives, and role of international
financial institution. The main challenge for policymakers
is to design policies that promote remittances and increase
benefits while mitigating adverse side effects.},
Key = {fds294316}
}
@article{fds294317,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C and Jahjah, S},
Title = {Are immigrant remittance flows a source of capital for
development?},
Journal = {IMF Staff Papers},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-81},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1020-7635},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2030 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {There is a general presumption in the literature and among
policymakers that immigrant remittances play the same role
in economic development as foreign direct investment and
other capital flows, but this is an open question. We
develop a model of remittances based on the economics of the
family that implies that remittances are not profit-driven,
but are compensatory transfers, and should have a negative
correlation with GDP growth. This is in contrast to the
positive correlation of profit-driven capital flows with GDP
growth. We test this implication of our model using a new
panel data set on remittances and find a robust negative
correlation between remittances and GDP growth. This
indicates that remittances may not be intended to serve as a
source of capital for economic development. © 2005
International Monetary Fund.},
Key = {fds294317}
}
@article{fds324304,
Author = {Fullenkamp, C and Nsouli, SM},
Title = {Six Puzzles in Electronic Money and Banking},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324304}
}
@article{fds27480,
Author = {C.R. Fullenkamp and Ralph Chami and Sunil Sharma},
Title = {“Toward a Framework for Financial Market
Development},
Publisher = {IMF Institute - mimeo},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27480}
}
@article{fds27482,
Author = {C.R. Fullenkamp and Thomas Cosimano and Richard
Sheehan},
Title = {An Examination of Deposit Rate Setting by Large Financial
Institutions},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27482}
}
@misc{fds27478,
Author = {C.R. Fullenkamp and Ralph Chami and Sunil Sharma},
Title = {and Instruments for Sequencing the Development of Financial
Markets},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27478}
}
@article{fds294323,
Author = {Fullenkamp, C and Tenorio, R and Battalio, R},
Title = {Assessing individual risk attitudes using field data from
lottery games},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1},
Pages = {218-226},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2003 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We use information from the television game show with the
highest guaranteed average payoff in the United States,
Hoosier Millionaire, to analyze risktaking in a high-stakes
experiment. We characterize gambling decisions under
alternative assumptions about contestant behavior and
preferences, and derive testable restrictions on individual
risk attitudes based on this characterization. We then use
an extensive sample of gambling decisions to estimate
distributions of risk-aversion parameters consistent with
the theoretical restrictions and revealed preferences. We
find that although most contestants display risk-averse
preferences, the extent of the risk aversion implied by our
estimates varies substantially with the stakes involved in
the different decisions.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.2003.85.1.218},
Key = {fds294323}
}
@article{fds294324,
Author = {Baier, S and Carlstrom, CT and Chami, R and Cosimano, TF and Fuerst, TS and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Capital trading, stock trading, and the inflation tax on
equity: A note},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {987-990},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2006 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1016/S1094-2025(03)00035-8},
Key = {fds294324}
}
@article{fds294322,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {The optimal subsidy to private transfers under moral
hazard},
Journal = {IMF Staff Papers},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {242-251},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1020-7635},
Abstract = {Private income transfers are increasingly viewed as an
alternative to government income transfers such as social
insurance and foreign aid. This paper models the incentive
effects of government-subsidized private transfers and finds
that although there is a significant welfare benefit to
subsidizing private transfers, there is also a significant
welfare cost. It is shown analytically, as well as through
simulations, that the optimal subsidy to private transfers
falls when the market reaction is taken into
consideration.},
Key = {fds294322}
}
@article{fds294320,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Trust and efficiency},
Journal = {Journal of Banking and Finance},
Volume = {26},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1785-1809},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0378-4266},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2040 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Agency problems within the firm are a significant hindrance
to efficiency. We propose trust between coworkers as a
superior alternative to the standard tools used to mitigate
agency problems: increased monitoring and incentive-based
pay. We model trust as mutual, reciprocal altruism between
pairs of coworkers and show how it induces employees to work
harder, relative to those at firms that use the standard
tools. In addition, we show that employees at trusting firms
have higher job satisfaction, and that these firms enjoy
lower labor cost and higher profits. We conclude by
discussing how trust may also be easier to use within the
firm than the standard agency-mitigation tools. © 2002
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0378-4266(02)00191-7},
Key = {fds294320}
}
@misc{fds27479,
Author = {C.R. Fullenkamp and Ralph Chami},
Title = {The Economics of Private, Nonmarket Insurance and the
Faith-Based Initiative},
Journal = {The Actuary},
Year = {2002},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds27479}
}
@article{fds324305,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Trust as a Means of Improving Corporate Governance and
Efficiency},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324305}
}
@article{fds304417,
Author = {Chami, R and Cosimano, TF and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Managing ethical risk: How investing in ethics adds
value},
Journal = {Journal of Banking and Finance},
Volume = {26},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1697-1718},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0378-4266},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(02)00188-7},
Abstract = {In September 1999, the University of Notre Dame hosted a
conference entitled "Measuring and Managing Ethical Risk:
How Investing in Ethics Adds Value". The motivations for
hosting the conference and the papers presented there are
summarized. Several themes that are present in the papers
are discussed. These include the gains from combining the
anthropological approach to business ethics with the
neoclassical economics approach, the central role of trust
in business ethics, the role of ethics in the corporation,
and the function of the legal system in setting and
enforcing ethical standards for the financial system. ©
2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0378-4266(02)00188-7},
Key = {fds304417}
}
@article{fds294321,
Author = {Fullenkamp, CR},
Title = {Measuring and Managing Ethical Risk: Why Investing in Ethics
Adds Value},
Journal = {Journal of Banking and Finance},
Volume = {26},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1697-1718},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0378-4266},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(02)00188-7},
Abstract = {In September 1999, the University of Notre Dame hosted a
conference entitled "Measuring and Managing Ethical Risk:
How Investing in Ethics Adds Value". The motivations for
hosting the conference and the papers presented there are
summarized. Several themes that are present in the papers
are discussed. These include the gains from combining the
anthropological approach to business ethics with the
neoclassical economics approach, the central role of trust
in business ethics, the role of ethics in the corporation,
and the function of the legal system in setting and
enforcing ethical standards for the financial system. ©
2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0378-4266(02)00188-7},
Key = {fds294321}
}
@article{fds294319,
Author = {Chami, R and Cosimano, TF and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {Capital Trading, Stock Trading, and the Inflation Tax on
Equity},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {575-606},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2050 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A market for used capital goods, or financial instruments
that represent the ownership of the used capital goods,
induces inflation taxes on wealth and on the nominal income
flows that they provide. This paper explicitly introduces
trading in either used capital goods or financial
instruments into the standard stochastic growth model with
money and production. These two monetary economies are
equivalent. The value of the firm is equal to the firm's
capital stock divided by inflation. The resulting
asset-pricing conditions indicate that the effect of
inflation on asset returns differs from the effects found in
the literature by the addition of a significant wealth tax.
Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: E0,
E4, E5. © 2001 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/redy.2001.0129},
Key = {fds294319}
}
@article{fds27484,
Author = {C.R. Fullenkamp and Ralph Chami and Thomas Cosimano},
Title = {The Stock Market Channel of Monetary Policy},
Publisher = {IMF Working Paper},
Year = {1999},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds27484}
}
@article{fds324311,
Author = {Chami, R and Cosimano, TF and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {The Stock Market Channel of Monetary Policy},
Journal = {IMF Working Paper},
Number = {99},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds324311}
}
@article{fds294318,
Author = {Chami, R and Fullenkamp, C},
Title = {The market value of family values},
Journal = {Cato Journal},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {339-350},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0273-3072},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2024 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds294318}
}
%% Gallant, A Ronald
@article{fds266690,
Author = {EM Aldrich and AR Gallant},
Title = {Habit, long-run risks, prospect? A statistical
inquiry},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {589-618},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1479-8409},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbq034},
Abstract = {We use recently proposed Bayesian statistical methods to
compare the habit persistence asset pricing model of
Campbell and Cochrane, the long-run risks model of Bansal
and Yaron, and the prospect theory model of Barberis, Huang,
and Santos. We improve these Bayesian methods so that they
can accommodate highly nonlinear models such as the three
aforementioned. Our substantive results can be stated
succinctly: If one believes that the extreme consumption
fluctuations of 1930-1949 can recur, although they have not
in the last sixty years even counting the current recession,
then the long-run risks model is preferred. Otherwise, the
habit model is preferred. © The Author 2011. Published by
Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbq034},
Key = {fds266690}
}
@article{fds266688,
Author = {AR Gallant and RE Mcculloch},
Title = {On the determination of general scientific models with
application to asset pricing},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {104},
Number = {485},
Pages = {117-131},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jasa.2009.0008},
Abstract = {We consider a consumption-based asset pricing model that
uses habit persistence to overcome the known statistical
inadequacies of the classical consumption-based asset
pricing model. We find that the habit model fits reasonably
well and agrees with results reported in the literature if
conditional heteroskedasticity is suppressed but that it
does not fit nor do results agree if conditional
heteroskedasticity, well known to be present in financial
market data, is allowed to manifest itself.We also find that
it is the preference parameters of the model that are most
affected by the presence or absence of conditional
heteroskedasticity, especially the risk aversion parameter.
The habit model exhibits four characteristics that are often
present in models developed from scientific considerations:
(1) a likelihood is not available; (2) prior information is
available; (3) a portion of the prior information is
expressed in terms of functionals of the model that cannot
be converted into an analytic prior on model parameters; (4)
the model can be simulated. The underpinning of our approach
is that, in addition, (5) a parametric statistical model for
the data, determined without reference to the scientific
model, is known. In general one can expect to be able to
determine a model that satisfies (5) because very richly
parameterized statistical models are easily accommodated. We
develop a computationally intensive, generally applicable,
Bayesian strategy for estimation and inference for
scientific models that meet this description together with
methods for assessing model adequacy. An important adjunct
to the method is that a map from the parameters of the
scientific model to functionals of the scientific and
statistical models becomes available. This map is a powerful
tool for understanding the properties of the scientific
model. © 2009 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jasa.2009.0008},
Key = {fds266688}
}
@article{fds266689,
Author = {ARM Cheng and AR Gallant and C Ji and BS Lee},
Title = {A Gaussian approximation scheme for computation of option
prices in stochastic volatility models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-58},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.07.002},
Abstract = {We consider European options on a price process that follows
the log-linear stochastic volatility model. Two stochastic
integrals in the option pricing formula are costly to
compute. We derive a central limit theorem to approximate
them. At parameter settings appropriate to foreign exchange
data our formulas improve computation speed by a factor of
1000 over brute force Monte Carlo making MCMC statistical
methods practicable. We provide estimates of model
parameters from daily data on the Swiss Franc to Euro and
Japanese Yen to Euro over the period 1999-2002. © 2008
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.07.002},
Key = {fds266689}
}
@article{fds266686,
Author = {LJ Christiano and AR Gallant and CA Sims and J Faust and L Kilian, MD
Negro and F Schorfheide and F Smets and R Wouters},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-162},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500107000000061},
Doi = {10.1198/073500107000000061},
Key = {fds266686}
}
@article{fds266687,
Author = {AR Gallant and H Hong},
Title = {A statistical inquiry into the plausibility of recursive
utility},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {523-559},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1479-8409},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbm013},
Abstract = {We use purely statistical methods to determine if the
pricing kernel is the intertemporal marginal rate of
substitution under recursive utility. We introduce a
nonparametric Bayesian method that treats the pricing kernel
as a latent variable and extracts it and its transition
density from payoffs on 24 Fama-French portfolios, on bonds,
and on payoffs that use conditioning information available
when portfolios are formed. Our priors are formed from an
examination of a Bansal-Yaron economy. Using both monthly
data and annual data, we find that the data support
recursive utility. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbm013},
Key = {fds266687}
}
@article{fds266693,
Author = {R Bansal and AR Gallant and G Tauchen},
Title = {Rational pessimism, rational exuberance, and asset pricing
models},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {74},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1005-1033},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Abstract = {The paper estimates and examines the empirical plausibility
of asset pricing models that attempt to explain features of
financial markets such as the size of the equity premium and
the volatility of the stock market. In one model, the
long-run risks (LRR) model of Bansal and Yaron,
low-frequency movements, and time-varying uncertainty in
aggregate consumption growth are the key channels for
understanding asset prices. In another, as typified by
Campbell and Cochrane, habit formation, which generates
time-varying risk aversion and consequently time variation
in risk premia, is the key channel. These models are fitted
to data using simulation estimators. Both models are found
to fit the data equally well at conventional significance
levels, and they can track quite closely a new measure of
realized annual volatility. Further, scrutiny using a rich
array of diagnostics suggests that the LRR model is
preferred. © 2007 The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Key = {fds266693}
}
@article{fds266684,
Author = {DH Ahn and RF Dittmar and AR Gallant and B Gao},
Title = {Purebred or hybrid?: Reproducing the volatility in term
structure dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {116},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {147-180},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00106-4},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the ability of mixtures of affine,
quadratic, and non-linear models to track the volatility in
the term structure of interest rates. Term structure
dynamics appear to exhibit pronounced time varying or
stochastic volatility. Ahn et al. (Rev. Financial Stud. xx
(2001) xxx) provide evidence suggesting that term structure
models incorporating a set of quadratic factors are better
able to reproduce term structure dynamics than affine
models, although neither class of models is able to fully
capture term structure volatility. In this study, we combine
affine, quadratic and non-linear factors in order to
maximize the ability of a term structure model to generate
heteroskedastic volatility. We show that this combination
entails a tradeoff between specification of heteroskedastic
volatility and correlations among the factors. By combining
factors, we are able to gauge the cost of this tradeoff.
Using efficient method of moments (Gallant and Tauchen,
Econometric Theory 12 (1996) 657), we find that augmenting a
quadratic model with a non-linear factor results in
improvement in fit over a model comprised solely of
quadratic factors when the model only has to confront first
and second moment dynamics. When the full dynamics are
confronted, this result reverses. Since the non-linear
factor is characterized by stronger dependence of volatility
on the level of the factor, we conclude that flexibility in
the specification of both level dependence and correlation
structure of the factors are important for describing term
structure dynamics. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00106-4},
Key = {fds266684}
}
@article{fds266685,
Author = {M Chernov and AR Gallant and E Ghysels and G Tauchen},
Title = {Alternative models for stock price dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {116},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {225-257},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1892 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates the role of various volatility
specifications, such as multiple stochastic volatility (SV)
factors and jump components, in appropriate modeling of
equity return distributions. We use estimation technology
that facilitates nonnested model comparisons and use a long
data set which provides rich information about the
conditional and unconditional distribution of returns. We
consider two broad families of models: (1) the multifactor
loglinear family, and (2) the affine-jump family. Both
classes of models have attracted much attention in the
derivatives and econometrics literatures. There are various
tradeoffs in considering such diverse specifications. If
pure diffusion SV models are chosen over jump diffusions, it
has important implications for hedging strategies. If
logarithmic models are chosen over affine ones, it may
seriously complicate option pricing. Comparing many
different specifications of pure diffusion multifactor
models and jump diffusion models, we find that (1) log
linear models have to be extended to two factors with
feedback in the mean reverting factor, (2) affine models
have to have a jump in returns, stochastic volatility or
probably both. Models (1) and (2) are observationally
equivalent on the data set in hand. In either (1) or (2) the
key is that the volatility can move violently. As we obtain
models with comparable empirical fit, one must make a choice
based on arguments other than statistical goodness-of-fit
criteria. The considerations include facility to price
options, to hedge and parsimony. The affine specification
with jumps in volatility might therefore be preferred
because of the closed-form derivatives prices. © 2003
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00108-8},
Key = {fds266685}
}
@article{fds266675,
Author = {B Eraker and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [4] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {327-329+335+337},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266675}
}
@article{fds266676,
Author = {Y Aït-Sahalia and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [1] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {317-321+335},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266676}
}
@article{fds266677,
Author = {H Zhou and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [7] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {332-335+338},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266677}
}
@article{fds266678,
Author = {G Tauchen and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [6] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-332+335+337},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266678}
}
@article{fds266679,
Author = {GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Numerical techniques for maximum likelihood estimation of
continuous-time diffusion processes},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-316},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500102288618397},
Abstract = {Stochastic differential equations often provide a convenient
way to describe the dynamics of economic and financial data,
and a great deal of effort has been expended searching for
efficient ways to estimate models based on them. Maximum
likelihood is typically the estimator of choice; however,
since the transition density is generally unknown, one is
forced to approximate it. The simulation-based approach
suggested by Pedersen (1995) has great theoretical appeal,
hut previously available implementations have been
computationally costly. We examine a variety of numerical
techniques designed to improve the performance of this
approach. Synthetic data generated by a Cox-Ingersoll-Ross
model with parameters calibrated to match monthly
observations of the U.S. short-term interest rate are used
as a test case. Since the likelihood function of this
process is known, the quality of the approximations can be
easily evaluated. On datasets with 1,000 observations, we
are able to approximate the maximum likelihood estimator
with negligible error in well under 1 min. This represents
something on the order of a 10,000-fold reduction in
computational effort as compared to implementations without
these enhancements. With other parameter settings designed
to stress the methodology, performance remains strong. These
ideas are easily generalized to multivariate settings and
(with some additional work) to latent variable models. To
illustrate, we estimate a simple stochastic volatility model
of the U.S. short-term interest rate.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500102288618397},
Key = {fds266679}
}
@article{fds266680,
Author = {S Chib and N Shephard and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [3] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {325-327+335},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266680}
}
@article{fds266681,
Author = {P Glynn and GB Durham and AR Gallant},
Title = {Comment [5] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {330-331+335+337},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266681}
}
@article{fds266682,
Author = {DH Ahn and RF Dittmar and AR Gallant},
Title = {Quadratic Term Structure Models: Theory and
Evidence},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {243-288},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
Abstract = {This article theoretically explores the characteristics
underpinning quadratic term structure models (QTSMs), which
designate the yield on a bond as a quadratic function of
underlying state variables. We develop a comprehensive QTSM,
which is maximally flexible and thus encompasses the
features of several diverse models including the double
square-root model of Longstaff (1989), the univariate
quadratic model of Beaglehole and Tenney (1992), and the
squared-autoregressive-independent-variable nominal term
structure (SAINTS) model of Constantinides (1992). We
document a complete classification of admissibility and
empirical identification for the QTSM, and demonstrate that
the QTSM can overcome limitations inherent in affine term
structure models (ATSMs). Using the efficient method of
moments of Gallant and Tauchen (1996), we test the empirical
performance of the model in determining bond prices and
compare the performance to the ATSMs. The results of the
goodness-of-fit tests suggest that the QTSMs outperform the
ATSMs in explaining historical bond price behavior in the
United States.},
Key = {fds266682}
}
@article{fds266683,
Author = {M Coppejans and AR Gallant},
Title = {Cross-validated SNP density estimates},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {110},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-65},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00121-5},
Abstract = {We consider cross-validation strategies for the
seminonparametric (SNP) density estimator, which is a
truncation (or sieve) estimator based upon a Hermite series
expansion with coefficients determined by quasi-maximum
likelihood. Our main focus is on the use of SNP density
estimators as an adjunct to efficient method of moments
(EMM) structural estimation. It is known that for this
purpose a desirable truncation point occurs at the last
point at which the integrated squared error (ISE) curve of
the SNP density estimate declines abruptly. We study the
determination of the ISE curve for iid data by means of
leave-one-out cross-validation and hold-out-sample
cross-validation through an examination of their performance
over the Marron-Wand test suite and models related to asset
pricing and auction applications. We find that both methods
are informative as to the location of abrupt drops, but that
neither can reliably determine the minimum of the ISE curve.
We validate these findings with a Monte Carlo study. The
hold-out-sample method is cheaper to compute because it
requires fewer nonlinear optimizations. We consider the
asymptotic justification of hold-out-sample
cross-validation. For this purpose, we establish rates of
convergence of the SNP estimator under the Hellinger norm
that are of interest in their own right. © 2002 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00121-5},
Key = {fds266683}
}
@article{fds266691,
Author = {MW Brandt and P Santa-Clara and GB Durhama and AR
Gallant},
Title = {Comment [2] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {321-324+335},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds266691}
}
@article{fds266674,
Author = {AR Fleissig and AR Gallant and JJ Seater},
Title = {Separability, aggregation, and euler equation
estimation},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {547-572},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {We derive a seminonparametric utility function containing
the constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) function as a
special case, and we estimate the associated Euler equations
with U.S. consumption data. There is strong evidence that
the CRRA function is misspecified. The correctly specified
function includes lagged effects of durable goods and
perhaps nondurable goods, is bounded as required by Arrow's
Utility Boundedness Theorem, and has a positive rate of time
preference. Constraining sample periods and separability
structure to be consistent with the generalized axiom of
revealed preference affects estimation results
substantially. Using Divisia aggregates instead of the NIPA
aggregates also affects results.},
Key = {fds266674}
}
@article{fds266672,
Author = {AR Gallant and CT Hsu and G Tauchen},
Title = {Using daily range data to calibrate volatility diffusions
and extract the forward integrated variance},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {617-631},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1999 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A common model for security price dynamics is the
continuous-time stochastic volatility model. For this model,
Hull and White (1987) show that the price of a derivative
claim is the conditional expectation of the Black-Scholes
price with the forward integrated variance replacing the
Black-Scholes variance. Implementing the Hull and White
characterization requires both estimates of the price
dynamics and the conditional distribution of the forward
integrated variance given observed variables. Using daily
data on close-to-close price movement and the daily range,
we find that standard models do not fit the data very well
and that a more general three-factor model does better, as
it mimics the long-memory feature of financial volatility.
We develop techniques for estimating the conditional
distribution of the forward integrated variance given
observed variables.},
Key = {fds266672}
}
@article{fds266673,
Author = {AR Gallant and G Tauchen},
Title = {The relative efficiency of method of moments
estimators},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-172},
Year = {1999},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1900 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The asymptotic relative efficiency of efficient method of
moments when implemented with a seminonparametric auxiliary
model is compared to that of conventional method of moments
when implemented with polynomial moment functions. Because
the expectations required by these estimators can be
computed by simulation, these two methods are commonly used
to estimate the parameters of nonlinear latent variables
models. The comparison is for the models in the Marron-Wand
test suite, a scale mixture of normals, and the second
largest order statistic of the lognormal distribution. The
latter models are representative of financial market data
and auction data, respectively, which are the two most
common applications of simulation estimators. Efficient
method of moments dominates conventional method of moments
over these models. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds266673}
}
@article{fds266669,
Author = {AR Gallant and G Tauchen},
Title = {Reprojecting partially observed systems with application to
interest rate diffusions},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {93},
Number = {441},
Pages = {10-24},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {We introduce reprojection as a general purpose technique for
characterizing the dynamic response of a partially observed
nonlinear system to its observable history. Reprojection is
the third step of a procedure wherein first data are
summarized by projection onto a Hermite series
representation of the unconstrained transition density for
observables; second, system parameters are estimated by
minimum chi-squared, where the chi-squared criterion is a
quadratic form in the expected score of the projection; and
third, the constraints on dynamics implied by the nonlinear
system are imposed by projecting a long simulation of the
estimated system onto a Hermite series representation of the
constrained transition density for observables, The
constrained transition density can be used to study the
response of the system to its observable history. We utilize
the technique to assess the dynamics of several diffusion
models for the short-term interest rate that have been
proposed and to compare them to a new model that has
feedback from the interest rate into both the drift and
diffusion coefficients of a volatility equation.},
Key = {fds266669}
}
@article{fds266670,
Author = {SP Ellner and BA Bailey and GV Bobashev and AR Gallant and BT Grenfell and DW Nychka},
Title = {Noise and nonlinearity in measles epidemics: Combining
mechanistic and statistical approaches to population
modeling},
Journal = {American Naturalist},
Volume = {151},
Number = {5},
Pages = {425-440},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0003-0147},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/286130},
Abstract = {We present and evaluate an approach to analyzing population
dynamics data using semimechanistic models. These models
incorporate reliable information on population structure and
underlying dynamic mechanisms but use nonparametric
surface-fitting methods to avoid unsupported assumptions
about the precise form of rate equations. Using historical
data on measles epidemics as a case study, we show how this
approach can lead to better forecasts, better
characterizations of the dynamics, and a better
understanding of the factors causing complex population
dynamics relative to either mechanistic models or purely
descriptive statistical time-series models. The
semimechanistic models are found to have better forecasting
accuracy than either of the model types used in previous
analyses when tested on data not used to fit the models. The
dynamics are characterized as being both nonlinear and
noisy, and the global dynamics are clustered very tightly
near the border of stability (dominant Lyapunov exponent λ
≃ 0). However, locally in state space the dynamics
oscillate between strong short-term stability and strong
short-term chaos (i.e., between negative and positive local
Lyapunov exponents). There is statistically significant
evidence for short-term chaos in all data sets examined.
Thus the nonlinearity in these systems is characterized by
the variance over state space in local measures of chaos
versus stability rather than a single summary measure of the
over-all dynamics as either chaotic or nonchaotic.},
Doi = {10.1086/286130},
Key = {fds266670}
}
@article{fds266671,
Author = {WA Barnett and AR Gallant and MJ Hinich and JA Jungeilges and DT Kaplan and MJ Jensen},
Title = {A single-blind controlled competition among tests for
nonlinearity and chaos},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {1},
Pages = {157-192},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {Interest has been growing in testing for nonlinearity or
chaos in economic data, but much controversy has arisen
about the available results. This paper explores the reasons
for these empirical difficulties. We designed and ran a
single-blind controlled competition among five highly
regarded tests for nonlinearity or chaos with ten simulated
data series. The data generating mechanisms include linear
processes, chaotic recursions, and non-chaotic stochastic
processes; and both large and small samples were included in
the experiment. The data series were produced in a single
blind manner by the competition manager and sent by e-mail,
without identifying information, to the experiment
participants. Each such participant is an acknowledged
expert in one of the tests and has a possible vested
interest in producing the best possible results with that
one test. The results of this competition provide much
surprising information about the power functions of some of
the best regarded tests for nonlinearity or noisy chaos. ©
1997 Elsevier Science S.A.},
Key = {fds266671}
}
@article{fds266665,
Author = {AR Gallant and G Tauchen},
Title = {Estimation of continuous-time models for stock returns and
interest rates},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-168},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1365-1005},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2590 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Efficient Method of Moments is used to estimate and test
continuous-time diffusion models for stock returns and
interest rates. For stock returns, a four-state, two-factor
diffusion with one state observed can account for the
dynamics of the daily return on the S&P Composite Index,
1927-1987. This contrasts with results indicating that
discrete-time, stochastic volatility models cannot explain
these dynamics. For interest rates, a trivariate
Yield-Factor Model is estimated from weekly, 1962-1995,
Treasury rates. The Yield-Factor Model is sharply rejected,
although extensions permitting convexities in the local
variance come closer to fitting the data.},
Key = {fds266665}
}
@article{fds266667,
Author = {AR Gallant and JR Long},
Title = {Estimating stochastic differential equations efficiently by
minimum chi-squared},
Journal = {Biometrika},
Volume = {84},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-141},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0006-3444},
Abstract = {We propose a minimum chi-squared estimator for the
parameters of an ergodic system of stochastic differential
equations with partially observed state. We prove that the
efficiency of the estimator approaches that of maximum
likelihood as the number of moment functions entering the
chi-squared criterion increases and as the number of past
observations entering each moment function increases. The
minimised criterion is asymptotically chi-squared and can be
used to test system adequacy. When a fitted system is
rejected, inspecting studentised moments suggests how the
fitted system might be modified to improve the fit. The
method and diagnostic tests are applied to daily
observations on the U.S. dollar to Deutschmark exchange rate
from 1977 to 1992.},
Key = {fds266667}
}
@article{fds266668,
Author = {AR Gallant and D Hsiehb and G Tauchen},
Title = {Estimation of stochastic volatility models with
diagnostics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-192},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2057 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Efficient method of moments (EMM) is used to fit the
standard stochastic volatility model and various extensions
to several daily financial time series. EMM matches to the
score of a model determined by data analysis called the
score generator. Discrepancies reveal characteristics of
data that stochastic volatility models cannot approximate.
The two score generators employed here are 'semiparametric
ARCH' and 'nonlinear nonparametric'. With the first, the
standard model is rejected, although some extensions are
accepted. With the second, all versions are rejected. The
extensions required for an adequate fit are so elaborate
that nonparametric specifications are probably more
convenient. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.},
Key = {fds266668}
}
@article{fds266662,
Author = {VM Fenton and AR Gallant},
Title = {Convergence rates of SNP density estimators},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {719-727},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds266662}
}
@article{fds266664,
Author = {AR Gallant and G Tauchen},
Title = {Which moments to match?},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {657-681},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2542 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We describe an intuitive, simple, and systematic approach to
generating moment conditions for generalized method of
moments (GMM) estimation of the parameters of a structural
model. The idea is to use the score of a density that has an
analytic expression to define the GMM criterion. The
auxiliary model that generates the score should closely
approximate the distribution of the observed data, but is
not required to nest it. If the auxiliary model nests the
structural model then the estimator is as efficient as
maximum likelihood. The estimator is advantageous when
expectations under a structural model can be computed by
simulation, by quadrature, or by analytic expressions but
the likelihood cannot be computed easily. © 1996 Cambridge
University Press.},
Key = {fds266664}
}
@article{fds266666,
Author = {VM Fenton and AR Gallant},
Title = {Qualitative and asymptotic performance of SNP density
estimators},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-118},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(95)01752-6},
Abstract = {The SNP estimator is the most convenient nonparametric
method for simultaneously estimating the parameters of a
nonlinear model and the density of a latent process by
maximum likelihood. To determine if this convenience comes
at a price, we assess the qualitative behavior of SNP in
finite samples using the Marron-Wand test suite and verify
theoretical convergence rates by Monte Carlo simulation. Our
results suggest that there is no price for convenience
because the SNP estimator is both qualitatively and
asymptotically similar to the kernel estimator which is
optimal.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(95)01752-6},
Key = {fds266666}
}
@article{fds266663,
Author = {WA Barnett and AR Gallant and MJ Hinich and JA Jungeilges and DT Kaplan and MJ Jensen},
Title = {Robustness of nonlinearity and chaos tests to measurement
error, inference method, and sample size},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {301-320},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
Abstract = {Interest has been growing in testing for nonlinearity and
chaos in economic data, but much controversy has arisen
about the available results. This paper explores the reasons
for these empirical difficulties. We apply five tests for
nonlinearity or chaos to various monetary aggregate data
series. We find that the inferences vary across tests for
the same data, and within tests for varying sample sizes and
various methods of aggregation of the data. Robustness of
inferences in this area of research seems to be low and may
account for the controversies surrounding empirical claims
of nonlinearity and chaos in economics. ©
1995.},
Key = {fds266663}
}
@article{fds266692,
Author = {R Bansal and AR Gallant and R Hussey and G Tauchen},
Title = {Nonparametric estimation of structural models for
high-frequency currency market data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {251-287},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1902 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Empirical modeling of high-frequency currency market data
reveals substantial evidence for nonnormality, stochastic
volatility, and other nonlinearities. This paper
investigates whether an equilibrium monetary model can
account for nonlinearities in weekly data. The model
incorporates time-nonseparable preferences and a transaction
cost technology. Simulated sample paths are generated using
Marcet's parameterized expectations procedure. The paper
also develops a new method for estimation of structural
economic models. The method forces the model to match (under
a GMM criterion) the score function of a nonparametric
estimate of the conditional density of observed data. The
estimation uses weekly U.S.-German currency market data,
1975-90. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(94)01618-A},
Key = {fds266692}
}
@article{fds266661,
Author = {DF McCaffrey and AR Gallant},
Title = {Convergence rates for single hidden layer feedforward
networks},
Journal = {Neural Networks},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {147-158},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0893-6080},
Abstract = {By allowing the training set to become arbitrarily large,
appropriately trained and configured single hidden layer
feedforward networks converge in probability to the smooth
function that they were trained to estimate. A bound on the
probabilistic rate of convergence of these network estimates
is given. The convergence rate is calculated as a function
of the sample size n. If the function being estimated has
square integrable mth order partial derivatives then the
L2-norm estimation error approaches Op(n- 1 2) for large m.
Two steps are required for determining these bounds. A bound
on the rate of convergence of approximations to an unknown
smooth function by members of a special class of single
hidden layer feedforward networks is determined. The class
of networks considered can embed Fourier series. Using this
fact and results on approximation properties of Fourier
series yields a bound on L2-norm approximation error. This
bound is less than O(q- 1 2) for approximating a smooth
function by networks with q hidden units. A modification of
existing results for bounding estimation error provides a
general theorem for calculating estimation error convergence
rates. Combining this result with the bound on approximation
rates yields the final convergence rates. ©
1994.},
Key = {fds266661}
}
@article{fds266659,
Author = {M Davidian and AR Gallant},
Title = {The nonlinear mixed effects model with a smooth random
effects density},
Journal = {Biometrika},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {475-488},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0006-3444},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/80.3.475},
Abstract = {SUMMARY: The fixed parameters of the nonlinear mixed effects
model and the density of the random effects are estimated
jointly by maximum likelihood. The density of the random
effects is assumed to be smooth but is otherwise
unrestricted. The method uses a series expansion that
follows from the smoothness assumption to represent the
density and quadrature to compute the likelihood. Standard
algorithms are used for optimization. Empirical Bayes
estimates of random coefficients are obtained by computing
posterior modes. The method is applied to data from
pharmacokinetics, and properties of the method are
investigated by application to simulated data. © 1993
Biometrika Trust.},
Doi = {10.1093/biomet/80.3.475},
Key = {fds266659}
}
@article{fds266660,
Author = {M Davidian and AR Gallant},
Title = {Smooth nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation for
population pharmacokinetics, with application to
quinidine.},
Journal = {J Pharmacokinet Biopharm},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {529-556},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0090-466X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1287201},
Abstract = {The seminonparametric (SNP) method, popular in the
econometrics literature, is proposed for use in population
pharmacokinetic analysis. For data that can be described by
the nonlinear mixed effects model, the method produces
smooth nonparametric estimates of the entire random effects
density and simultaneous estimates of fixed effects by
maximum likelihood. A graphical model-building strategy
based on the SNP method is described. The methods are
illustrated by a population analysis of plasma levels in 136
patients undergoing oral quinidine therapy.},
Key = {fds266660}
}
@article{fds266657,
Author = {AR Gallant and H White},
Title = {On learning the derivatives of an unknown mapping with
multilayer feedforward networks},
Journal = {Neural Networks},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-138},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0893-6080},
Abstract = {Recently, multiple input, single output, single hidden-layer
feedforward neural networks have been shown to be capable of
approximating a nonlinear map and its partial derivatives.
Specifically, neural nets have been shown to be dense in
various Sobolev spaces. Building upon this result, we show
that a net can be trained so that the map and its
derivatives are learned. Specifically, we use a result of
Gallant's to show that least squares and similar estimates
are strongly consistent in Sobolev norm provided the number
of hidden units and the size of the training set increase
together. We illustrate these results by an application to
the inverse problem of chaotic dynamics: recovery of a
nonlinear map from a time series of iterates. These results
extend automatically to nets that embed the single hidden
layer, feedforward network as a special case. © 1992
Pergamon Press plc.},
Key = {fds266657}
}
@article{fds266656,
Author = {AR Gallant and G Souza},
Title = {On the asymptotic normality of Fourier flexible form
estimates},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {329-353},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {Rates of increase in the number of parameters of a Fourier
factor demand system that imply asymptotically normal
elasticity estimates are characterized. This is the
multivariate analog of work by Andrews (1991). Our proof
strategy is new and consists of relating the minimum
eigenvalue of the sample sum of squares and cross-products
matrix to the minimum eigenvalue of the population matrix
via a uniform strong law with rate that is established using
results from the empirical processes literature. In its
customary form, the minimum eigenvalue of the Fourier sum of
squares and cross-products matrix, considered as a function
of the number of parameters, decreases faster than any
polynomial. The consequence is that the rate at which
parameters may increase is slower than any fractional power
of the sample size. In this case, we get the same rate as
Andrews. When our results are applied to multivariate
regressions with a minimum eigenvalue that is bounded or
declines at a polynomial rate, the rate on the parameters is
a fractional power of the sample size. In this case, our
method of proof gives faster rates than Andrews. Andrews'
results cover the heteroskedastic case, ours do not. ©
1991.},
Key = {fds266656}
}
@article{fds266658,
Author = {S Ellner and AR Gallant and D McCaffrey and D Nychka},
Title = {Convergence rates and data requirements for Jacobian-based
estimates of Lyapunov exponents from data},
Journal = {Physics Letters A},
Volume = {153},
Number = {6-7},
Pages = {357-363},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0375-9601},
Abstract = {We present a method for estimating the dominant Lyapunov
exponent from time-series data, based on nonparametric
regression. For data from a finite-dimensional deterministic
system with additive stochastic perturbations, we show that
the estimate converges to the true values as the sample size
increases, and give the asymptotic rate of convergence. ©
1991.},
Key = {fds266658}
}
@article{fds266655,
Author = {AR Gallant and LP Hansen and G Tauchen},
Title = {Using conditional moments of asset payoffs to infer the
volatility of intertemporal marginal rates of
substitution},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {141-179},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {Previously Hansen and Jagannathan (1990a) derived and
computed mean-standard deviation frontiers for intertemporal
marginal rates of substitution (IMRS) implied by asset
market data. These frontiers give the lower bounds on the
standard deviations as a function of the mean. In this paper
we develop a strategy for utilizing conditioning information
efficiently, and hence improve on the standard deviation
bounds computed by Hansen and Jagannathan. We implement this
strategy empirically by using the seminonparametric (SNP)
methodology suggested by Gallant and Tauchen (1989) to
estimate the conditional distribution of a vector of monthly
asset payoffs. We use the fitted conditional distributions
to calculate both conditional and unconditional standard
deviation bounds for the IMRS. The unconditional bounds are
as sharp as possible subject to robustness considerations.
We also use the fitted distributions to compute the moments
of various candidate marginal rates of substitution
suggested by economic theory, and in particular the
time-nonseparable preferences of Dunn and Singleton (1986)
and Eichenbaum and Hansen (1990). For these preferences, our
findings suggest that habit persistence will put the moments
of the IMRS inside the frontier at reasonable values of the
curvature parameter. At the same time we uncover evidence
that the implied IMRS fails to satisfy all of the
restrictions inherent in the Euler equation. The findings
help explain why Euler equation estimation methods typically
find evidence in favor of local durability instead of habit
persistence for monthly data. © 1990.},
Key = {fds266655}
}
@article{fds266654,
Author = {AR Gallant and H White},
Title = {There exists a neural network that does not make avoidable
mistakes},
Pages = {657-664},
Year = {1988},
Abstract = {The authors show that a multiple-input, single-output,
single-hidden-layer feedforward network with (known)
hardwired connections from input to hidden layer, monotone
squashing at the hidden layer and no squashing at the output
embeds as a special case a so-called Fourier network, which
yields a Fourier series approximation properties of Fourier
series representations. In particular, approximation to any
desired accuracy of any square integrable function can be
achieved by such a network, using sufficiently many hidden
units. In this sense, such networks do not make avoidable
mistakes.},
Key = {fds266654}
}
@article{fds266650,
Author = {JA Chalfant and AR Gallant},
Title = {Estimating substitution elasticities with the Fourier cost
function. Some Monte Carlo results},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {205-222},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The Fourier flexible form possesses desirable asymptotic
properties that are not shared by other flexible forms such
as the translog, generalized Leontief, and generalized
Box-Cox. One of them is that an elasticity of substitution
can be estimated with negligible bias in sufficiently large
samples regardless of what the true form actually is, save
that it be smooth enough. This article reports the results
of an experiment designed to determine whether or not this
property obtains in samples of the sizes customarily
encountered in practice. A three-input, homothetic version
of the generalized Box-Cox cost function was used to
generate technologies that were oriented in a
two-dimensional design space according to a central
composite rotatable design; the two factors of the design
were the Box-Cox parameter and a measure of the dispersion
of the substitution matrix. The Fourier cost function was
used to estimate the substitution elasticities at each
design point, and the bias at each point was estimated using
the Monte Carlo method. A response surface over the entire
design space was fitted to these estimates. An examination
of the surface reveals that the bias is small over the
entire design space. Roughly speaking, the estimates of
elasticities of substitution are unbiased to three
significant digits using the Fourier flexible form no matter
what the true technology. Our conclusion is that the small
bias property of the Fourier form does obtain in samples of
reasonable size; this claim must be tampered by the usual
caveats associated with inductive inference. ©
1985.},
Key = {fds266650}
}
@article{fds266652,
Author = {WA Barnett and AR Gallant},
Title = {Editor's introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Key = {fds266652}
}
@article{fds266653,
Author = {AR Gallant and JF Monahan},
Title = {Explicitly infinite-dimensional Bayesian analysis of
production technologies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {171-201},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The firm's cost function is viewed as a point in a function
space and data is viewed as following some probability law
that has as its parameters various functionals evaluated at
the firm's cost function. The Fourier flexible form is used
to represent a cost function as an infinite-dimensional
vector whose elements are the parameters of the Fourier
form. This representation is used to assign a prior
distribution to the function space. A procedure for
numerical computation of the posterior distribution of an
elasticity of substitution is set forth. The ideas are
illustrated with an example. © 1985.},
Key = {fds266653}
}
@article{fds266649,
Author = {AR Gallant and RW Koenker},
Title = {Costs and benefits of peak-load pricing of electricity. A
continuous-time econometric approach},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {83-113},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {We address the following question of current policy
interest: Would the efficiency gains from residential
time-of-use pricing for electricity exceed the metering
costs necessitated by these more complex rates? A model of
consumer preferences for daily electricity consumption is
estimated based on data from the North Carolina Rate
Experiment. The model is formulated in continuous time and
thus is capable of evaluating demand responses and welfare
consequences of quite arbitrary changes in pricing policy. A
model of long-run electricity costs - viewed as a functional
of the daily load cycle - is constructed based on
engineering data. The models of demand and cost are combined
to compute solutions to several optimal pricing problems and
to estimate the potential long-run welfare gain from several
alternative time-of-use pricing policies including policies
incorporating so-called 'demand charges'. We find that the
best of the rate treatments used in the North Carolina
experiment achieves a net welfare gain of 5¢ per day per
household, or roughly half the cost of current metering
equipment. Smoothly varying rates are capable of achieving
nearly 18¢ per day per household, but would require more
complex metering. Demand charges while they are quite
successful in smoothing the demand cycle are not as
successful as conventional pricing policies in achieving our
welfare objective. © 1984.},
Key = {fds266649}
}
@article{fds266651,
Author = {AR Gallant and GH Golub},
Title = {Imposing curvature restrictions on flexible functional
forms},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {295-321},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {A general computational method for estimating the parameters
of a flexible functional form subject to convexity,
quasi-convexity, concavity, or quasi-concavity at a point,
at several points, or over a region, is set forth and
illustrated with an example. © 1984.},
Key = {fds266651}
}
@article{fds266647,
Author = {V Aguirre-Torres and AR Gallant},
Title = {The null and non-null asymptotic distribution of the Cox
test for multivariate nonlinear regression. Alternatives and
a new distribution-free Cox test},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-33},
Year = {1983},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The asymptotic distribution of the generalized Cox test for
choosing between two multivariate, nonlinear regression
models in implicit form is derived. The data is assumed to
be generated by a model that need not be either the null or
the non-null model. As the data-generating model is not
subjected to a Pitman drift the analysis is global, not
local, and provides a fairly complete qualitative
description of the power characteristics of the generalized
Cox test. Some investigations of these characteristics are
included. A new test statistic is introduced that does not
require an explicit specification of the error distribution
of the null model. The idea is to replace an analytical
computation of the expectation of the Cox difference with a
bootstrap estimate. The null distribution of this new test
is derived. © 1983.},
Key = {fds266647}
}
@article{fds266648,
Author = {AR Gallant},
Title = {Unbiased determination of production technologies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {285-323},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {To determine whether an industry exhibits constant returns
to scale, whether the production function is homothetic, or
whether inputs are separable, a common approach is to
specify a cost function, estimate its parameters using data
such as prices and quantities of inputs, and then test the
parametric restrictions corresponding to constant returns, a
homothetic technology, or separability. Statistically, such
inferences are valid if the true cost function is a member
of the parametric class considered, otherwise the inference
is biased. That is, the true rejection probability is not
necessarily adequately approximated by the nominal size of
the statistical test. The use of fixed parameter flexible
functional forms such as the Translog, the generalized
Leontief, or the Box-Cox will not alleviate this problem.
The Fourier flexible form differs fundamentally from other
flexible forms in that it has a variable number of
parameters and a known bound, depending on the number of
parameters, on the error, as measured by the Sobolev norm,
of approximation to an arbitrary cost function. Thus it is
possible to construct statistical tests for constant
returns, a homothetic technology, or separability which are
asymptotically size α by letting the number of parameters
of the Fourier flexible form depend on sample size. That is,
the true rejection probability converges to the nominal size
of the test as sample size tends to infinity. The rate of
convergence depends on the smoothness of the true cost
function; the more times is differentiable the true cost
function, the faster the convergence. The method is
illustrated using the data on aggregate U.S. manufacturing
of Berndt and Wood (1975, 1979) and Berndt and Khaled
(1979). © 1982.},
Key = {fds266648}
}
@article{fds266645,
Author = {AR Gallant},
Title = {On the bias in flexible functional forms and an essentially
unbiased form. The fourier flexible form},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {211-245},
Year = {1981},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The Fourier flexible form and its derived expenditure system
are introduced. Subject to smoothness conditions on the
consumer's true indirect utility function, the consumer's
true expenditure system must be of the Fourier form over the
region of interest in an empirical investigation.
Arbitrarily accurate finite parameter approximations of the
consumer's true expenditure system are obtained by dropping
all high-order terms of the Fourier expenditure system past
an appropriate truncation point. The resulting finite
parametersystem is tractable in empirical studies. The
reader who is primarily interested in applications need only
read the second and fifth sections. The remainder of the
article is concerned with the verification of these claims
and an investigation of some aspects of the bias in Translog
specifications. © 1981.},
Key = {fds266645}
}
@article{fds266646,
Author = {AR Gallant and TM Gerig},
Title = {Computations for constrained linear models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-84},
Year = {1980},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The article presents an algorithm for linear regression
computations subject to linear parametric equality
constraints, linear parametric inequality constraints, or a
mixture of the two. No rank conditions are imposed on the
regression specification or the constraint specification.
The algorithm requires a full Moore-Penrose g-inverse which
entails extra computational effort relative to other
orthonormalization type algorithms. In exchange, auxiliary
statistical information is generated: feasibility of a set
of constraints may be checked, estimability of a linear
parametric function may be checked, and bias and variance
may be decomposed by source. © 1980.},
Key = {fds266646}
}
@article{fds266643,
Author = {AR Gallant and DW Jorgenson},
Title = {Statistical inference for a system of simultaneous,
non-linear, implicit equations in the context of
instrumental variable estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {275-302},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {Statistical inference for a system of simultaneous,
non-linear, implicit equations is discussed. The discussion
considers inference as an adjunct to two- and three-stage
least squares estimation rather than in a general setting.
For both of these cases the non-null asymptotic distribution
of a test statistic based on the optimization criterion and
a test based on the asymptotic distribution of the estimator
is found; a total of four. It is argued that the tests based
on the optimization criterion are to be preferred in
applications. The methods are illustrated by application to
hypotheses implied by the theory of demand using a translog
expenditure system and data on personal consumption
expenditures for durables, non-durables, and energy for the
period 1947- 1971. © 1979.},
Key = {fds266643}
}
@article{fds266644,
Author = {AR Gallant},
Title = {Three-stage least-squares estimation for a system of
simultaneous, nonlinear, implicit equations},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-88},
Year = {1977},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The article describes a nonlinear three-stage least-squares
estimator for the parameters of a system of simultaneous,
nonlinear, implicit equations; the method allows the
estimation of these parameters subject to nonlinear
parametric restrictions across equations. The estimator is
shown to be strongly consistent, asymptotically normally
distributed, and more efficient than the nonlinear two-stage
least-squares estimator. Some practical implications of the
regularity conditions used to obtain these results are
discussed from the point of view of one whose interest is in
applications, Also, computing methods using readily
available nonlinear regression programs are described. ©
1977.},
Key = {fds266644}
}
@article{fds266638,
Author = {NPC Chao and JA Cuculo and AR Gallant and TW George},
Title = {Statistical method for determining the glass transition
temperature from dilatometric data},
Year = {1975},
Key = {fds266638}
}
@article{fds266640,
Author = {NPC Chao and JA Cuculo and AR Gallant and TW George},
Title = {STATISTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE GLASS TRANSITION
TEMPERATURE FROM DILATOMETRIC DATA.},
Journal = {Appl Polym Symp},
Number = {27},
Pages = {193-204},
Year = {1975},
Abstract = {An objective procedure for estimating the glass transition
temperature (T//g) from dilatometric data is described. The
method uses the technique of fitting a segmented linear
regression model by least squares. The regression model
employed may be specified so as to allow a transition either
of the first order in the thermodynamic sense or may be
constrained to fit a second order. Methods are given for
finding statistical confidence intervals for the estimated
glass transition temperature (T//g). Experimental data
obtained from PET (polyethylene terephthalate) fiber are
used for illustration; these data indicate a preference for
the second-order transition model. 8 refs.},
Key = {fds266640}
}
@article{fds266641,
Author = {AR Gallant},
Title = {Seemingly unrelated nonlinear regressions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-50},
Year = {1975},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
Abstract = {The article considers the estimation of the parameters of a
set of nonlinear regression equations when the responses are
contemporaneously but not serially correlated. Conditions
are set forth such that the estimator obtained is strongly
consistent, asymptotically normally distributed, and
asymptotically more efficient than the single-equation least
squares estimator. The methods presented allow estimation of
the parameters subject to nonlinear restrictions across
equations. The article includes a discussion of methods to
perform the computations and a Monte Carlo simulation. ©
1975.},
Key = {fds266641}
}
@article{fds266642,
Author = {CR Shumway and PM Maher and MR Baker and WE Souder and AH Rubenstein and AR Gallant},
Title = {DIFFUSE DECISION-MAKING IN HIERARCHICAL ORGANIZATIONS: AN
EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION.},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {21},
Number = {6},
Pages = {697-707},
Year = {1975},
Abstract = {The applied research resource allocation decision process in
a complex, hierarchical federal organization is explored in
this paper. This decision process includes the
identification of research objectives and the funding of
projects selected to achieve the objectives. The
hierarchical, geographical, and temporal diffuseness of
participation in the decision process is
described.},
Key = {fds266642}
}
@article{fds266639,
Author = {AR Gallant},
Title = {SOME ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE USE OF STATISTICAL PACKAGES IN
TEACHING STATISTICAL METHODS.},
Pages = {223-225},
Year = {1973},
Abstract = {Some points in favor of the use of a simple programming
language in teaching statistical methods rather than a
statistical package are presented.},
Key = {fds266639}
}
%% Garlick, Robert J
@article{fds320584,
Author = {Garlick, RJ and Orkin, K and Quinn, S},
Title = {Call Me Maybe: Experimental Evidence on Using Mobile Phones
to Survey Microenterprises},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {224},
Pages = {49 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {High-frequency data is useful to measure volatility, reduce
recall bias, and measure dynamic treatment effects. We
conduct the first experimental evaluation of high-frequency
phone surveys in a developing country or with
microenterprises. We randomly assign microenterprise owners
to monthly in-person, weekly in-person, or weekly phone
interviews. We find high-frequency phone surveys are useful
and accurate. Phone and in-person surveys yield similar
measurements, with few large or significant differences in
reported outcome means or distributions. Neither interview
frequency nor medium affects reported outcomes in a common
in-person endline. Phone surveys reduce costs without
increasing permanent attrition from the panel.},
Key = {fds320584}
}
@article{fds320585,
Author = {Garlick, RJ and Hyman, J},
Title = {Data vs. Methods: Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of
Alternative Sample Selection Corrections for Missing College
Entrance Exam Score Data},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {221},
Pages = {96 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {In 2007, Michigan began requiring all high school students
to take the ACT college entrance exam. This natural
experiment allows us to evaluate the performance of several
parametric and semiparametric sample selection correction
models. We apply each model to the censored, prepolicy test
score data and compare the predicted values to the
uncensored, post-policy distribution. We vary the set of
model predictors to imitate the varying levels of data
detail to which a researcher may have access. We find that
predictive performance is sensitive to predictor choice but
not correction model choice. All models perform poorly using
student demographics and school- and district-level
characteristics as predictors. However, all models perform
well when including students’ prior and contemporaneous
scores on other tests. Similarly, correction models using
group-level data perform better with more finely
disaggregated groups, but produce similar predictions under
different functional form assumptions. Our findings are not
explained by an absence of selection, the assumptions of the
parametric models holding, or the data lacking sufficient
variation to permit useful semiparametric estimation. We
conclude that “data beat methods” in this setting: gains
from using less restrictive econometric methods are small
relative to gains from seeking richer or more disaggregated
data.},
Key = {fds320585}
}
@article{fds320586,
Author = {Garlick, RJ},
Title = {Academic Peer Effects with Different Group Assignment
Policies: Residential Tracking versus Random
Assignment},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {220},
Pages = {53 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {I study the relative academic performance of students
tracked or randomly assigned to South African university
dormitories. Tracking reduces low-scoring students' GPAs but
has little effect on high-scoring students. This lowers mean
GPA and raises GPA dispersion. I also directly estimate peer
effects using random variation in peer groups across
dormitories. Living with higher-scoring peers raises
students' GPAs and this effect is larger for low-scoring
students. Peer effects operate largely within race groups
but operate both within and across programs of study. This
suggests that spatial proximity alone does not generate peer
effects. Interaction of some sort is required, but direct
academic collaboration is not the relevant form of
interaction. I integrate the results from variation in group
assignment policies and variation in group composition by
drawing on the matching and sorting literatures. Both sets
of results imply that own and peer academic performance are
substitutes in GPA production and that GPA may be a concave
function of peer group performance. The cross-dormitory
results correctly predict a negative effect of tracking on
low-scoring students but understate the magnitude of the
observed effect. I show that this understatement reflects
both policy-sensitive parameter estimates and problems with
extrapolation outside the support of the data observed under
random assignment. This underlines the value of using both
cross-policy and cross-group variation to study peer
effects.},
Key = {fds320586}
}
%% Ghosh, Arkadev
@article{fds372329,
Author = {Ghosh, A and Hwang, SIM and Squires, M},
Title = {Links and Legibility: Making Sense of Historical U.S. Census
Automated Linking Methods},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {579-590},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2024},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2023.2205918},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2023.2205918},
Key = {fds372329}
}
@article{fds371958,
Author = {Ghosh, A and Hwang, SIM and Squires, M},
Title = {Economic Consequences of Kinship: Evidence From U.S. Bans on
Cousin Marriage},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {138},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2559-2606},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjad018},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Close-kin
marriage, by sustaining tightly knit family structures, may
impede development. We find support for this hypothesis
using U.S. state bans on cousin marriage. Our measure of
cousin marriage comes from the excess frequency of
same-surname marriages, a method borrowed from population
genetics that we apply to millions of marriage records from
the eighteenth to the twentieth century. Using census data,
we first show that married cousins are more rural and have
lower-paying occupations. We then turn to an event study
analysis to understand how cousin marriage bans affected
outcomes for treated birth cohorts. We find that these bans
led individuals from families with high rates of cousin
marriage to migrate off farms and into urban areas. They
also gradually shift to higher-paying occupations. We
observe increased dispersion, with individuals from these
families living in a wider range of locations and adopting
more diverse occupations. Our findings suggest that these
changes were driven by the social and cultural effects of
dispersed family ties rather than genetics. Notably, the
bans also caused more people to live in institutional
settings for the elderly, infirm, or destitute, suggesting
weaker support from kin.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjad018},
Key = {fds371958}
}
%% Goodpaster, Natalie K
@article{fds42390,
Author = {Natalie K. Goodpaster},
Title = {"Leaves and Leaving: The Family Medical Leave Act and the
Decline in Maternal Labor Force Participation"},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42390}
}
@article{fds42391,
Author = {Peter Arcidiacono and Gigi Foster and Natalie K. Goodpaster and Josh Kinsler},
Title = {"Spillovers in the Classroom Using Panel
Data"},
Journal = {Under submission at Econometrica},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42391}
}
@article{fds42392,
Author = {Gigi Foster and Natalie Goodpaster},
Title = {"Social Evolution, Institutions, and the Australian Nurse
Shortage"},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42392}
}
@article{fds42393,
Author = {Natalie K. Goodpaster and Josh Kinsler},
Title = {"Structural Estimation of Peer Effects using North Carolina
High School Test"},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42393}
}
%% Goodwin, Craufurd D.
@misc{fds223560,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {On Editing the History of Political Economy},
Booktitle = {Secfrets of Economics Editors, ed. Michael Szenberg and Lall
Ramrattan},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds223560}
}
@misc{fds223561,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {Economic Thought, History of},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Behavioral and Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds223561}
}
@article{fds223558,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {Walter Lippmann Public Economist},
Journal = {History of Politcal Economy},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {92-113},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds223558}
}
@article{fds223559,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {Maynard Keynes of Bloomsbury},
Journal = {Mustarinda},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds223559}
}
@article{fds223557,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {The First Gloablization Debate: Crusoe vs.
Gulliver},
Journal = {Revistan dell'Associazione Rossi Doria},
Number = {3},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds223557}
}
@article{fds294337,
Author = {Forget, EL and Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Intellectual communities in the history of
economics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2010-042},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2010-042},
Key = {fds294337}
}
@article{fds294339,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {The Bloomsbury Group as creative community},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-82},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2010-044},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2010-044},
Key = {fds294339}
}
@article{fds294338,
Author = {Goodwin, C},
Title = {Larry moss: An editorial appreciation},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-50},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0002-9246},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.2009.00690.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2009.00690.x},
Key = {fds294338}
}
@article{fds294336,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Ecologist meets economics: Aldo leopold,
1887-1948},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {429-452},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837207000429},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837207000429},
Key = {fds294336}
}
@article{fds294335,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Maynard and Virginia: A personal and professional
friendship},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {269-291},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2006-048},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2006-048},
Key = {fds294335}
}
@article{fds294334,
Author = {Goodwin, C},
Title = {Chapter 2 Art and Culture in the History of Economic
Thought},
Journal = {Handbook of the Economics of Art and Culture},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {25-68},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1574-0676},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0676(06)01002-7},
Abstract = {Attention to art and culture goes far back in the history of
economic thought. In the seventeenth century those
activities were viewed suspiciously as likely to be either
wasteful extravagances of the aristocracy, or dangerous
distractions for the working classes. Eighteenth century
economic thinkers offered more positive and thoughtful
speculations. Mandeville and Galiani observed that the
prices of art works were determined almost entirely on the
demand side of the market, often by fashion and the search
for distinction. The Enlightenment economic thinkers were
intrigued by various aspects of art markets. Hume and Turgot
perceived positive social benefits emerging from the arts,
and they attempted to understand of what these consisted.
Smith picked up some of the hints that were dropped and
looked at art markets in a depth that had not been
undertaken before. Like some other Enlightenment thinkers,
Smith pictured the arts as being mainly about the imitation
of perfection. Jeremy Bentham, with his emphasis on utility
as a tool by which both to understand and judge market
performance, insisted that the arts should not be
distinguished from other forms of entertainment: pushpin, he
asserted, equals poetry. Other political economists followed
Bentham's lead and steered away from exploration of the
economics of the arts. To some extent the void thus created
was filled by humanistic writers, novelists, and essayists,
notably Arnold, Ruskin, Dickens, and Morris, who were highly
critical of the industrialization of the period and the
emerging discipline of political economy that they perceived
to go with it. In the "marginal revolution" of the 1870s the
Benthamite injunction against special treatment for the arts
was largely observed. At the same time, several of the new
economists, notably William Stanley Jevons, became "closet
esthetes", enjoying their guilty pleasures but not often
subjecting the arts to economic analysis. Disappointingly
little concerning the arts and culture can be found in the
distinctive American economics of the late nineteenth and
early twentieth century. There was almost a reversion to the
seventeenth century view of the arts as the corrupt
playthings of the idle rich. However, something like a
return to the rich speculation of the eighteenth century
Enlightenment occurred in the Bloomsbury Group that included
the economist John Maynard Keynes. They rejected
"Benthamism" and distinguished between the artistic
experience and human consumption, and between the
"imaginative life" of the mind and the biological activity
of humans and other creatures. They discerned complex
effects of the arts throughout society and placed arts
policy high on the policy agenda. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0676(06)01002-7},
Key = {fds294334}
}
@article{fds294332,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Kenneth Clark: His case for public support of the
arts},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {557-592},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds294332}
}
@article{fds294333,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Public support of the arts in the history of economics:
Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {399-411},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-37-3-399},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-3-399},
Key = {fds294333}
}
@article{fds294331,
Author = {Marchi, ND and Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {History of economics for the nonhistorian: A collection of
papers},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {587-588},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds294331}
}
@article{fds294330,
Author = {Corden, M and Duesenberry, JS and Goodwin, CD and Hynes, JA and Lipsey,
RG and Rosenbluth, G and Samuelson, PA and Simpson,
EJ},
Title = {Harry G. Johnson (1923-1977): Scholar, mentor, editor, and
relentless world traveler},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {x-649},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds294330}
}
@misc{fds294327,
Author = {Goodwin, CDW},
Title = {The economics of art through art critics'
eyes},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {31},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {182-184},
Booktitle = {Economic Engagements wih Art},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Craufurd Goodwin and Neil De Marchi},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds294327}
}
@book{fds223555,
Author = {C. Goodwin},
Title = {Art and the Market: Roger Fry on Commerce in
Art},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Year = {1998},
ISBN = {0-472-10902-2},
Key = {fds223555}
}
@article{fds294328,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {The patrons of economics in a time of transformation},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {30},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {79-81},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds294328}
}
@article{fds294329,
Author = {Bostaph, SH and Goodwin, C and Hagemann, H and Rima, IH and Samuels, WJ and Spiegel, C and Moss, LS},
Title = {Dr. Henry William Spiegel (1911-1995): Émigré economist,
historian of economics, creative scholar, and
companion},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {345-361},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds294329}
}
@article{fds294326,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {The promise of expertise: Walter Lippmann and the policy
sciences},
Journal = {Policy Sciences},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {317-345},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0032-2687},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01000248},
Abstract = {Walter Lippman addressed over his lifetime many of the
questions raised still in the policy sciences about the
proper role for the social scientist in the policy process,
the potential contributions of various disciplines to an
understanding of the issues, the kinds of circumstances most
likely to nurture excellent policy analysis and the means
whereby both a narrow elite and a wider public can be well
informed about critical subjects and policy options. This
article examines Lippmann's intellectual formation to deal
with these questions and his reflections on institutions
designed to foster policy analysis as well as the proper
training of a policy expert. The article concludes with an
examination of Lippmann's career as a practitioner in the
policy world, and especially as a bridge between different
communities. © 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01000248},
Key = {fds294326}
}
@article{fds294325,
Author = {Goodwin, CD},
Title = {Classical economics reconsidered},
Journal = {The Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {245-246},
Year = {1976},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02689529},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02689529},
Key = {fds294325}
}
%% Grabowski, Henry G.
@article{fds332940,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and C. Brain and A. Taub and R.
Guha},
Title = {Pharmaceutical Patent Challenges: Company Strategies and
Litigation Outcomes},
Journal = {American Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-59},
Year = {2018},
Month = {Winter},
url = {https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/10.1162/AJHE_a_00066},
Doi = {https://doi.org/10.1162/AJHE_a_00066},
Key = {fds332940}
}
@misc{fds332943,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Richard Manning},
Title = {Key economic and value considerations in the U.S. market for
plasma protein therapies},
Publisher = {Bates White Economic Consulting},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {https://drive.google.com/file/d/179-f0zh7y-w7QVC6p1CmO_o-YMr5FFfX/view},
Key = {fds332943}
}
@article{fds340988,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Marriott, Z and Kovacheva, P and Elzinga,
A},
Title = {One Year after the Launch of the First U.S. Biosimilar Drug:
Lessons for the Future?},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds340988}
}
@article{fds355284,
Author = {Grabowski, H and Brain, C and Taub, A and Guha, R},
Title = {Pharmaceutical Patent Challenges: Company Strategies and
Litigation Outcomes},
Journal = {American Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-59},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ajhe_a_00066},
Doi = {10.1162/ajhe_a_00066},
Key = {fds355284}
}
@article{fds318157,
Author = {Grabowski, H and Long, G and Mortimer, R and Boyo,
A},
Title = {Updated trends in US brand-name and generic drug
competition},
Journal = {Journal of Medical Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {9},
Pages = {836-844},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2016.1176578},
Doi = {10.1080/13696998.2016.1176578},
Key = {fds318157}
}
@article{fds318158,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Manning, RL},
Title = {An Economic Analysis of Global Policy Proposals to Prohibit
Compensation of Blood Plasma Donors},
Journal = {International Journal of the Economics of
Business},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {149-166},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2016.1182690},
Abstract = {Human blood plasma and its derivative therapies have been
used therapeutically for more than 50 years, after first
being widely used to treat injuries during World War II. In
certain countries, manufacturers of these therapies –
known as plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs) –
compensate plasma donors, raising healthcare and ethical
concerns among some parties. In particular, the World Health
Organization has taken a strong advocacy position that
compensation for blood donations should be eliminated
worldwide. This review evaluates the key economic factors
underlying the supply and demand for PDMPs and the evidence
pointing to the policy options that are most likely to
maintain a reliable supply of life-sustaining therapies. It
concludes that compensated plasma donation is important for
maintaining adequate and consistent supplies of plasma and
limits the risk of under-treatment for the foreseeable
future.},
Doi = {10.1080/13571516.2016.1182690},
Key = {fds318158}
}
@article{fds318159,
Author = {DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG and Hansen, RW},
Title = {Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of
R&D costs.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {20-33},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.01.012},
Abstract = {The research and development costs of 106 randomly selected
new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical
firms. These data were used to estimate the average pre-tax
cost of new drug and biologics development. The costs of
compounds abandoned during testing were linked to the costs
of compounds that obtained marketing approval. The estimated
average out-of-pocket cost per approved new compound is
$1395 million (2013 dollars). Capitalizing out-of-pocket
costs to the point of marketing approval at a real discount
rate of 10.5% yields a total pre-approval cost estimate of
$2558 million (2013 dollars). When compared to the results
of the previous study in this series, total capitalized
costs were shown to have increased at an annual rate of 8.5%
above general price inflation. Adding an estimate of
post-approval R&D costs increases the cost estimate to $2870
million (2013 dollars).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.01.012},
Key = {fds318159}
}
@article{fds318156,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Skinner, MW and Hoppe, PAH and Manning, R and Tachdjian, R and Crone, JF and Younger, SJ},
Title = {Risk-based decision making and ethical considerations in
donor compensation for plassma-derived medicinal
products},
Journal = {Transfusion},
Volume = {00},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2889-2894},
Publisher = {Wiley: 12 months},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.13764},
Doi = {10.1111/trf.13764},
Key = {fds318156}
}
@article{fds318160,
Author = {Lietzan, EF and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {FDA Regulation of Biosimilars},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {The Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA)
was enacted in March 2010 as part of the Affordable Care Act
(ACA). The objective of the BPCIA, like the Hatch-Waxman
Amendments of 1984 for generic copies of non-biological
drugs, was to increase price competition and generate cost
savings by authorizing approval of follow-on products that
rely on pioneer research while at the same time maintaining
incentives for innovation. This essay, in the just-released
"FDA in the 21st Century" (Columbia University Press),
explores the new biosimilar licensure scheme. Among other
things, it concludes that obtaining licensure for a
biosimilar biological product will require a significantly
greater investment of time and resources than is required
for obtaining approval of a generic drug, and that this –
when combined with the fact that biosimilars will not
automatically be deemed interchangeable – is likely to
mean there will be fewer biosimilar market entrants per
biological product than there are generic market entrants
per drug. It also means that for the foreseeable future, the
biosimilar marketplace is more likely to resemble the
brand-to-brand competitive marketplace than the generic drug
marketplace. The essay also discusses the impact of possible
scientific advances (including the ability to demonstrate
“fingerprint-like” similarity of biosimilars and their
reference products) on cost savings, competition, and
innovation, and it addresses several key open issues (such
as nonproprietary names for biosimilars, and the issue
whether and to what extent FDA will permit extrapolation of
effectiveness from one indication to another) the resolution
of which could similarly have a profound impact on cost
savings, the nature of competition in the market, and
incentives to innovate.},
Key = {fds318160}
}
@article{fds318161,
Author = {DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG and Hansen, RW},
Title = {The cost of drug development.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {372},
Number = {20},
Pages = {1972},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmc1504317},
Doi = {10.1056/nejmc1504317},
Key = {fds318161}
}
@article{fds318162,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and DiMasi, JA and Long, G},
Title = {The roles of patents and research and development incentives
in biopharmaceutical innovation.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {302-310},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2014.1047},
Abstract = {Patents and other forms of intellectual property protection
play essential roles in encouraging innovation in
biopharmaceuticals. As part of the "21st Century Cures"
initiative, Congress is reviewing the policy mechanisms
designed to accelerate the discovery, development, and
delivery of new treatments. Debate continues about how best
to balance patent and intellectual property incentives to
encourage innovation, on the one hand, and generic
utilization and price competition, on the other hand. We
review the current framework for accomplishing these dual
objectives and the important role of patents and regulatory
exclusivity (together, the patent-based system), given the
lengthy, costly, and risky biopharmaceutical research and
development process. We summarize existing targeted
incentives, such as for orphan drugs and neglected diseases,
and we consider the pros and cons of proposed voluntary or
mandatory alternatives to the patent-based system, such as
prizes and government research and development contracting.
We conclude that patents and regulatory exclusivity
provisions are likely to remain the core approach to
providing incentives for biopharmaceutical research and
development. However, prizes and other voluntary supplements
could play a useful role in addressing unmet needs and gaps
in specific circumstances.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2014.1047},
Key = {fds318162}
}
@misc{fds318163,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {FDA in the Twenty-First Century},
Pages = {414-430},
Booktitle = {FDA Regulation Of Biosimilars},
Publisher = {Columbia University Press},
Editor = {Cohen, G and Lynch, H},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds318163}
}
@article{fds318164,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Guha, R and Salgado, M},
Title = {Regulatory and cost barriers are likely to limit biosimilar
development and expected savings in the near
future.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {33},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1048-1057},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0862},
Abstract = {In March 2010 Congress established an abbreviated Food and
Drug Administration approval pathway for biosimilars-drugs
that are very similar but not identical to a reference
biological product and cost less. Because bringing
biosimilars to the market currently requires large
investments of money, fewer biosimilars are expected to
enter the biologics market than has been the case with
generic drugs entering the small-molecule drug market.
Additionally, given the high regulatory hurdles to obtaining
interchangeability-which would allow pharmacists to
substitute a biosimilar for its reference product, subject
to evolving state substitution laws-most biosimilars will
likely compete as therapeutic alternatives instead of as
therapeutic equivalents. In other words, biosimilars will
need to compete with their reference product on the basis of
quality; price; and manufacturer's reputation with
physicians, insurers, and patient groups. Biosimilars also
will face dynamic competition from new biologics in the same
therapeutic class-including "biobetters," which offer
incremental improvements on reference products, such as
extended duration of action. The prospects for significant
cost savings from the use of biosimilars appear to be
limited for the next several years, but their use should
increase over time because of both demand- and supply-side
factors.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0862},
Key = {fds318164}
}
@article{fds318165,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, H and Guha, R and Salgado, M},
Title = {Biosimilar competition: lessons from Europe},
Journal = {Nature Reviews Drug Discovery},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {99-100},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd4210},
Doi = {10.1038/nrd4210},
Key = {fds318165}
}
@misc{fds218561,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Margaret Kyle},
Title = {Mergers, Alliances and Acquisitions},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Health Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Anthony Culyer},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds218561}
}
@misc{fds318166,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Long, G and Mortiner, R},
Title = {Biosimilars},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {86-97},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Health Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Address = {San Diego},
Editor = {Culyer, A},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds318166}
}
@misc{fds303236,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Pharmaceuticals and Health Care Costs},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7486 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds303236}
}
@misc{fds218564,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {FDA Regulation of Biosimilars},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds218564}
}
@misc{fds218562,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Biosimilar Competition: Lessons From Europe and Prospects
for the U.S.},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds218562}
}
@article{fds318167,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Long, G and Mortimer, R},
Title = {Recent Trends in Brand-Name and Generic Drug
Competition},
Journal = {Journal of Medical Economics},
Volume = {1-8},
Pages = {1-8},
Publisher = {Taylor & Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public
Health Titles},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds318167}
}
@misc{fds238129,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Contribution of the United States, Europe and Japan in
Discovering New Drugs: 1982-2003},
Pages = {49-68},
Booktitle = {Incentives for Research, Development, and Innovation in
Pharmaceuticals},
Publisher = {Springer},
Address = {Barcelona},
Editor = {Garcia-Fontes, WA},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9788493806217},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7440 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238129}
}
@misc{fds218565,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {The Market for U.S. Biosimilars: Prospects and Lessons from
Abroad},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds218565}
}
@misc{fds238140,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Mergers, Accquisitions, and Alliances},
Pages = {552-577},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of the
Biopharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {OUP USA},
Editor = {Danzon, PM and Nicholson, S},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780199742998},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7343 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This article considers the determinants and effects of M&As
in the pharmaceutical industry, with a particular focus on
innovation and R&D productivity. As is the case in other
industries, mergers in the pharmaceutical field are driven
by a variety of company motives and conditions. These
include defensive responses to industry shocks as well as
more proactive rationales, such as economies of scale and
scope, access to new technologies, and expansion to new
markets. It is important to take account of firms'
characteristics and motivations in evaluating merger
performance, rather than using a broad aggregate
brushstroke. Research to date on pharmaceuticals suggests
considerable variation in both motivation and outcomes. From
an antitrust policy standpoint, the larger horizontal
mergers in pharmaceuticals have run into few challenges from
regulatory authorities in the United States and the European
Union, given the option to spin off competing therapeutic
products to other drug firms.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742998.013.0018},
Key = {fds238140}
}
@misc{fds238141,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, Joseph A. and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {R&D Costs and Returns to New Drug Develoopment: A Review of
the Evidence},
Pages = {22-46},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of the
Biopharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {OUP USA},
Editor = {Danzon, PM and Nicholson, S},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780199742998},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7342 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This article reviews the extensive literature on R&D costs
and returns. The first section focuses on R&D costs and the
various factors that have affected the trends in real R&D
costs over time. The second section considers economic
studies on the distribution of returns in pharmaceuticals
for different cohorts of new drug introductions. It also
reviews the use of these studies to analyze the impact of
policy actions on R&D costs and returns. The final section
concludes and discusses open questions for further
research.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742998.013.0002},
Key = {fds238141}
}
@article{fds318168,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, H and Lewis, T and Guha, R and Ivanova, Z and Salgado, M and Woodhouse, S},
Title = {Does generic entry always increase consumer
welfare?},
Journal = {Food and drug law journal},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {373-ii},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This article examines how the nature of competition between
brands in a therapeutic category changes after generic entry
and provide a framework for analyzing the effect of generic
entry on consumer welfare that takes into account the
generic free riding problem. It demonstrates that changes in
competition along dimensions other than retail price--such
as competition in research and development efforts and in
promotional activities--may, in certain situations, result
in generic entry having an overall negative impact on
consumer welfare.},
Key = {fds318168}
}
@article{fds238149,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Kyle, M and Mortimer, R and Long, G and Kirson,
N},
Title = {Evolving brand-name and generic drug competition may warrant
a revision of the Hatch-Waxman Act.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {30},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2157-2166},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22068409},
Abstract = {The evolution of pharmaceutical competition since Congress
passed the Hatch-Waxman Act in 1984 raises questions about
whether the act's intended balance of incentives for cost
savings and continued innovation has been achieved. Generic
drug usage and challenges to brand-name drugs' patents have
increased markedly, resulting in greatly increased cost
savings but also potentially reduced incentives for
innovators. Congress should review whether Hatch-Waxman is
achieving its intended purpose of balancing incentives for
generics and innovation. It also should consider whether the
law should be amended so that some of its provisions are
brought more in line with recently enacted legislation
governing approval of so-called biosimilars, or the
corollary for biologics of generic competition for
small-molecule drugs.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2010.0270},
Key = {fds238149}
}
@misc{fds218566,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Paragraph IV Challenge Outcomes},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds218566}
}
@article{fds238150,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Evolution of the Pharmaceutical Industry Over the Past
50 Years: A Personal Reflection},
Journal = {International Journal of the Economics of
Business},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {161-176},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6620 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238150}
}
@article{fds238152,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Long, G and Mortimer, R},
Title = {Data Exclusivity for Biologics},
Journal = {Nature Reviews Drug Discovery},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-16},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6463 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238152}
}
@article{fds238151,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Long, G and Mortimer, R},
Title = {Implementation of the Biosimilar Pathway: Economic and
Policy Issues},
Journal = {Seton Hall Law Review},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {511-557},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6702 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238151}
}
@misc{fds218570,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Economic and Policy Issues in Implementing a Biosimilar
Pathway},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds218570}
}
@misc{fds218571,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Implementation of an Abbreviated Pathway for
Biosimilars},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds218571}
}
@misc{fds218572,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Mergers and Alliances in Pharmaceuticals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds218572}
}
@misc{fds238139,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Ridley, David B. and Moe, Jeffrey
L.},
Title = {Encouraging innovative treatment of neglected diseases
through priority review vouchers},
Pages = {347-365},
Booktitle = {Prescribing Cultures and Pharmaceutical Policy in the
Asia-Pacific},
Publisher = {Stanford University: The Walter H, Shorenstein Asia-Pacific
Research Center},
Address = {Stanford University},
Editor = {Eggleston, K},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781931368162},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7344 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238139}
}
@article{fds340989,
Author = {Moe, J and Grabowski, H and Ridley, D},
Title = {FDA review vouchers.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {360},
Number = {8},
Pages = {837},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmc086492},
Doi = {10.1056/nejmc086492},
Key = {fds340989}
}
@article{fds318169,
Author = {Baker-Smith, CM and Benjamin, DK and Grabowski, HG and Reid, ED and Mangum, B and Goldsmith, JV and Murphy, MD and Edwards, R and Eisenstein, EL and Sun, J and Califf, RM and Li, JS},
Title = {The economic returns of pediatric clinical trials of
antihypertensive drugs.},
Journal = {Am Heart J},
Volume = {156},
Number = {4},
Pages = {682-688},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2008.05.001},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Congress has authorized the United States Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) to provide industry sponsors
with a 6-month extension of drug marketing rights under the
Pediatric Exclusivity Provision if FDA-requested pediatric
drug trials are conducted. The cost and economic return of
pediatric exclusivity to industry sponsors has been shown to
be highly variable. We sought to determine the cost of
performing pediatric exclusivity trials within a single
therapeutic area and the subsequent economic return to
industry sponsors. METHODS: We evaluated 9 orally
administered antihypertensive drugs submitted to the FDA
under the Pediatric Exclusivity Provision from 1997 to 2004
and obtained key elements of the clinical trial designs and
operations. Estimates of the costs of performing the studies
were generated and converted into after-tax cash outflow.
Market sales were obtained and converted into after-tax
inflows based on 6 months of additional patent protection.
Net economic return and net return-to-cost ratios were
determined for each drug. RESULTS: Of the 9 antihypertensive
agents studied, an average of 2 studies per drug was
performed, including at least 1 pharmacokinetic study and a
safety and efficacy study. The median cost of completing a
pharmacokinetic trial was $862,000 (range $556,000 to 1.8
million). The median cost of performing safety and efficacy
trials for these agents was $4.3 million (range $2.1-12.9
million). The ratio of net economic return to cost was 17
(range 4-64.7). CONCLUSION: We found that, within a cohort
of antihypertensive drugs, the Pediatric Exclusivity
Provision has generated highly variable, yet lucrative
returns to industry sponsors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2008.05.001},
Key = {fds318169}
}
@article{fds238162,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Follow-on biologics: data exclusivity and the balance
between innovation and competition},
Journal = {Nature Reviews Drug Discovery},
Volume = {7},
Number = {6},
Pages = {479-488},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6709 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238162}
}
@article{fds238161,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, H and Wang, YR},
Title = {Do faster food and drug administration drug reviews
adversely affect patient safety? An analysis of the 1992
prescription drug user fee act},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {377-406},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000260029200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review times have
significantly declined under the user-fee regime. This
situation has provoked concerns that drug safety has been
adversely affected. Combining information from several
comprehensive databases, we analyze how the FDA's review
time, a drug's novelty, and a lag between the foreign and
U.S. launches of a drug affect the number of serious adverse
events associated with new-drug introductions in the United
States in 1992-2002. We find that more novel drugs, those
with shorter U.S. launch lags, and those with black-box
warnings have a larger number of serious adverse events.
After controlling for these and other factors, we find no
association between the FDA's review time and adverse
events. Because many serious adverse events involve rare
occurrences that are not observable in premarket clinical
trials, policy makers should direct increased agency
attention and resources to postmarketing surveillance. ©
2008 by The University of Chicago. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/589934},
Key = {fds238161}
}
@article{fds318170,
Author = {Dimasi, JA and Hansen, RW and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Misleading congress about drug development:
Reply.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-324},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-2007-063},
Abstract = {The review essay by Donald Light about a Congressional
Budget Office report on pharmaceutical research and
development (R&D) (Light 2007) contains factual errors,
leaves the reader uninformed about rebuttal responses to
criticisms made in the review about studies of R&D costs,
and draws erroneous conclusions about the nature of industry
economics.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-2007-063},
Key = {fds318170}
}
@misc{fds238133,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Kyle, M},
Title = {Mergers and Alliances in Pharmaceutical: Effects on
Innovation and R&D Productivity},
Pages = {262-287},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Corporate Governance and
Mergers},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {Gugler, K and Yurtoglu, B},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781848443921},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7374 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This book provides an insightful view of major issues in the
economics of corporate governance (CG) and mergers. It
presents a systematic update on the developments in the two
fields during the last decade, as well as highlighting the
neglected topics in CG research, such as the role of boards,
CG and public interest and the relation of CG to mergers.
Two important conclusions can be drawn from this book: the
first is that corporate governance systems that better align
shareholders and managers interests lead to better corporate
performance; second, there is an important relationship
between CG structures and the quality of firm
decision-making, one of the most important being the
decision to merge or take over another firm. Focusing on
some of the often-neglected aspects of corporate governance
such as non-profit organizations and public interest, as
well as mergers and acquisitions from a CG perspective, this
book will be a valuable resource for both academics and
postgraduate students of finance, business and
economics.},
Key = {fds238133}
}
@misc{fds152219,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Margaret Kyle},
Title = {Mergers and alliances in pharmaceuticals: effects on
innovation and R&D productivity},
Pages = {262-287},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Corporate Governance and
Mergers},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Address = {Northampton, MA},
Editor = {Klaus Gugler and B. Burcin Yurtoglu},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978 1 84720 719},
Key = {fds152219}
}
@article{fds144286,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Jeffrey L. Moe},
Title = {Impact of Economic, Regulatory and Patent Policies on
Innovation in Cancer Chemoprevention},
Journal = {Cancer Prevention Research},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds144286}
}
@article{fds238176,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Should the patent system for new medicines be
abolished?},
Journal = {Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {488-490},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-9236},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000250508000007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1038/sj.clpt.6100393},
Key = {fds238176}
}
@article{fds238178,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Moe, JL},
Title = {Impact of Economic, Regulatory and Patent Policies on
Innovation in Cancer Chemoprevention},
Journal = {Duke Department of Economics Working Papers},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {84-90},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19138940},
Abstract = {Chemoprevention agents are an emerging new scientific area
that holds out the promise of delaying or avoiding a number
of common cancers. These new agents face significant
scientific, regulatory, and economic barriers, however,
which have limited investment in their research and
development (R&D). These barriers include above-average
clinical trial scales, lengthy time frames between discovery
and Food and Drug Administration approval, liability risks
(because they are given to healthy individuals), and a
growing funding gap for early-stage candidates. The longer
time frames and risks associated with chemoprevention also
cause exclusivity time on core patents to be limited or
subject to significant uncertainties. We conclude that
chemoprevention uniquely challenges the structure of
incentives embodied in the economic, regulatory, and patent
policies for the biopharmaceutical industry. Many of these
policy issues are illustrated by the recently Food and Drug
Administration-approved preventive agents Gardasil and
raloxifene. Our recommendations to increase R&D investment
in chemoprevention agents include (a) increased data
exclusivity times on new biological and chemical drugs to
compensate for longer gestation periods and increasing R&D
costs; chemoprevention is at the far end of the distribution
in this regard; (b) policies such as early-stage research
grants and clinical development tax credits targeted
specifically to chemoprevention agents (these are policies
that have been very successful in increasing R&D investment
for orphan drugs); and (c) a no-fault liability insurance
program like that currently in place for children's
vaccines.},
Doi = {10.1158/1940-6207.capr-08-0048},
Key = {fds238178}
}
@article{fds238177,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Kyle, M},
Title = {Generic competition and market exclusivity periods in
pharmaceuticals},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {491-502},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6727 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this paper we examine generic competition and market
exclusivity periods for pharmaceuticals experiencing their
initial generic entry between 1995 and 2005. We find that
generic competition has increased over several dimensions.
First, an increasing number of drugs are subject to generic
entry, including drugs with relatively modest annual average
sales. Second, drugs with larger sales attract more generic
entrants and have shorter market exclusivity periods than
smaller selling drugs. Third, blockbuster drugs with annual
sales in excess of $1 billion have experienced significant
decreases in their market exclusivity periods in recent
years. We also find that Hatch-Waxman Act patent challenges
have negatively affected market exclusivity periods over the
1995 to 2005 period. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/mde.1356},
Key = {fds238177}
}
@article{fds238180,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Dimasi, JA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The cost of biopharmaceutical R&D: Is biotech
different?},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {469-479},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6478 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The costs of developing the types of new drugs that have
been pursued by traditional pharmaceutical firms have been
estimated in a number of studies. However, similar analyses
have not been published on the costs of developing the types
of molecules on which biotech firms have focused. This study
represents a first attempt to get a sense for the magnitude
of the R&D costs associated with the discovery and
development of new therapeutic biopharmaceuticals
(specifically, recombinant proteins and monoclonal
antibodies [mAbs]). We utilize drug-specific data on cash
outlays, development times, and success in obtaining
regulatory marketing approval to estimate the average
pre-tax R&D resource cost for biopharmaceuticals up to the
point of initial US marketing approval (in year 2005
dollars). We found average out-of-pocket (cash outlay) cost
estimates per approved biopharmaceutical of $198 million,
$361 million, and $559 million for the preclinical period,
the clinical period, and in total, respectively. Including
the time costs associated with biopharmaceutical R&D, we
found average capitalized cost estimates per approved
biopharmaceutical of $615 million, $626 million, and $1241
million for the preclinical period, the clinical period, and
in total, respectively. Adjusting previously published
estimates of R&D costs for traditional pharmaceutical firms
by using past growth rates for pharmaceutical company costs
to correspond to the more recent period to which our
biopharmaceutical data apply, we found that total
out-of-pocket cost per approved biopharmaceutical was
somewhat lower than for the pharmaceutical company data
($559 million vs $672 million). However, estimated total
capitalized cost per approved new molecule was nearly the
same for biopharmaceuticals as for the adjusted
pharmaceutical company data ($1241 million versus $1318
million). The results should be viewed with some caution for
now given a limited number of biopharmaceutical molecules
with data on cash outlays, different therapeutic class
distributions for biopharmaceuticals and for pharmaceutical
company drugs, and uncertainty about whether recent growth
rates in pharmaceutical company costs are different from
immediate past growth rates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/mde.1360},
Key = {fds238180}
}
@article{fds238181,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Ridley, DB and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Entry and competition in generic biologics},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {439-451},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0143-6570},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6616 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Patents for several blockbuster biological products are
expected to expire soon. The Food and Drug Administration is
examining whether biologies can and should be treated like
pharmaceuticals with regard to generics. In contrast with
pharmaceuticals, which are manufactured through chemical
synthesis, biologies are manufactured through fermentation,
a process that is more variable and costly. Regulators might
require extensive clinical testing of generic biologies to
demonstrate equivalence to the branded product. The focus of
the debate on generic biologies has been on legal and health
concerns, but there are important economic implications. We
combine a theoretical model of generic biologies with
regression estimates from generic pharmaceuticals to
estimate market entry and prices in the generic biologic
market. We find that generic biologies will have high fixed
costs from clinical testing and from manufacturing, so there
will be less entry than would be expected for generic
pharmaceuticals. With fewer generic competitors, generic
biologies will be relatively close in price to branded
biologies. Policy makers should be prudent in estimating
financial benefits of generic biologies for consumers and
payers. We also examine possible government strategies to
promote generic competition. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/mde.1352},
Key = {fds238181}
}
@article{fds318172,
Author = {DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {In reply [2]},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology},
Volume = {25},
Number = {16},
Pages = {2331},
Publisher = {American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.11.6020},
Doi = {10.1200/JCO.2007.11.6020},
Key = {fds318172}
}
@misc{fds238135,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Competition between Generic and Branded Drugs},
Pages = {153-288},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical innovation: incentives, competition, and
cost-benefit analysis in international perspective},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, C-R},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9780521874908},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7370 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The pharmaceutical industry worldwide is a rapidly
burgeoning industry contributing to growth of gross domestic
product and employment. Technological change in this field
has been very rapid, with many new products being
introduced. For this reason in part, health care budgets
throughout the world have increased dramatically, eliciting
growing pressures for cost containment. This book explores
four important issues in pharmaceutical innovations: (1) the
industry structure of pharmaceutical innovation; (2)
incentives for correcting market failures in allocating
resources for research and development; (3) competition and
marketing; and (4) public evaluation of the benefits and
costs of innovation. The lessons are applicable to countries
all over the world, at all levels of economic development.
By discussing existing evidence this book proposes incentive
arrangements to accomplish social objectives.},
Key = {fds238135}
}
@article{fds238183,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Li, JS and Eisenstein, EL and Grabowski, HG and Reid, ED and Mangum, B and Schulman, KA and Goldsmith, JV and Murphy, MD and Califf, RM and Benjamin, DK},
Title = {Economic return of clinical trials performed under the
pediatric exclusivity program.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {297},
Number = {5},
Pages = {480-488},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17284698},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: In 1997, Congress authorized the US Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to grant 6-month extensions of
marketing rights through the Pediatric Exclusivity Program
if industry sponsors complete FDA-requested pediatric
trials. The program has been praised for creating incentives
for studies in children and has been criticized as a
"windfall" to the innovator drug industry. This critique has
been a substantial part of congressional debate on the
program, which is due to expire in 2007. OBJECTIVE: To
quantify the economic return to industry for completing
pediatric exclusivity trials. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cohort
study of programs conducted for pediatric exclusivity. Nine
drugs that were granted pediatric exclusivity were selected.
From the final study reports submitted to the FDA
(2002-2004), key elements of the clinical trial design and
study operations were obtained, and the cost of performing
each study was estimated and converted into estimates of
after-tax cash outflows. Three-year market sales were
obtained and converted into estimates of after-tax cash
inflows based on 6 months of additional market protection.
Net economic return (cash inflows minus outflows) and net
return-to-costs ratio (net economic return divided by cash
outflows) for each product were then calculated. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURES: Net economic return and net return-to-cost
ratio. RESULTS: The indications studied reflect a broad
representation of the program: asthma, tumors,
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, hypertension,
depression/generalized anxiety disorder, diabetes mellitus,
gastroesophageal reflux, bacterial infection, and bone
mineralization. The distribution of net economic return for
6 months of exclusivity varied substantially among products
(net economic return ranged from -$8.9 million to $507.9
million and net return-to-cost ratio ranged from -0.68 to
73.63). CONCLUSIONS: The economic return for pediatric
exclusivity is variable. As an incentive to complete
much-needed clinical trials in children, pediatric
exclusivity can generate lucrative returns or produce more
modest returns on investment.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.297.5.480},
Key = {fds238183}
}
@article{fds238182,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Economics of new oncology drug development.},
Journal = {Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the
American Society of Clinical Oncology},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-216},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0732-183X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000243729100009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>Review existing studies and provide new
results on the development, regulatory, and market aspects
of new oncology drug development.<h4>Methods</h4>We utilized
data from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), company
surveys, and publicly available commercial business
intelligence databases on new oncology drugs approved in the
United States and on investigational oncology drugs to
estimate average development and regulatory approval times,
clinical approval success rates, first-in-class status, and
global market diffusion.<h4>Results</h4>We found that
approved new oncology drugs to have a disproportionately
high share of FDA priority review ratings, of orphan drug
designations at approval, and of drugs that were granted
inclusion in at least one of the FDA's expedited access
programs. US regulatory approval times were shorter, on
average, for oncology drugs (0.5 years), but US clinical
development times were longer on average (1.5 years).
Clinical approval success rates were similar for oncology
and other drugs, but proportionately more of the oncology
failures reached expensive late-stage clinical testing
before being abandoned. In relation to other drugs, new
oncology drug approvals were more often first-in-class and
diffused more widely across important international
markets.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The market success of oncology
drugs has induced a substantial amount of investment in
oncology drug development in the last decade or so. However,
given the great need for further progress, the extent to
which efforts to develop new oncology drugs will grow
depends on future public-sector investment in basic
research, developments in translational medicine, and
regulatory reforms that advance drug-development
science.},
Doi = {10.1200/jco.2006.09.0803},
Key = {fds238182}
}
@article{fds238186,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Gokcekus, O and Adams, M and Grabowski, H and Tower,
E},
Title = {How did the 2003 prescription drug re-importation bill pass
the house?},
Journal = {Economics and Politics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-45},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0954-1985},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6724 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the major interest groups in the debate over
allowing the re-importation of prescription drugs by
utilizing a logit model and instrumental variables.
Consistent with political support approach, the evidence
suggests that Representatives are maximizing their electoral
prospects: Contributions from pharmaceutical manufacturers
shrink the probability of voting for the bill; and
Representatives are sensitive to their constituencies -
employees of pharmaceutical manufacturing and senior
citizens. Representatives' gender and ideology regarding
free trade and subsidies are also determining factors.
However, the decision was, by and large, a partisan one:
Party affiliation was the most important factor in passing
the bill. © 2006 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2006
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00161.x},
Key = {fds238186}
}
@article{fds238221,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Wang, YR},
Title = {The quantity and quality of worldwide new drug
introductions, 1982-2003.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {452-460},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522586},
Abstract = {We examined trends in the introduction of new chemical
entities (NCEs) worldwide from 1982 through 2003. Although
annual introductions of NCEs decreased over time,
introductions of high-quality NCEs (that is, global and
first-in-class NCEs) increased moderately. Both biotech and
orphan products enjoyed tremendous growth, especially for
cancer treatment. Country-level analyses for 1993-2003
indicate that U.S. firms overtook their European
counterparts in innovative performance or the introduction
of first-in-class, biotech, and orphan products. The United
States also became the leading market for first
launch.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.452},
Key = {fds238221}
}
@article{fds238179,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Saha, A and Grabowski, Henry and Birnbaum, H and Greenberg, P and Bizan, O},
Title = {Generic Competition in the U.S. Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {International Journal of the Economics of
Business},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-38},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6726 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We develop a simultaneous equations estimation framework to
understand the interactions among generic entry, prices, and
market shares. We base our estimates on a panel data sample
of 40 brand-name drugs that first experienced generic
competition during the period July 1992-January 1998. We
find that generic share and price are simultaneously
determined, while the number of generic entrants is a key
determinant of generic market share and the generic-to-brand
price ratio. In addition, we find generic competition to be
particularly intense for blockbuster drugs, which experience
significantly more generic entrants, price erosion, and
generic penetration than other drugs.},
Doi = {10.1080/13571510500519905},
Key = {fds238179}
}
@article{fds238185,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Cockburn, I and Long, G},
Title = {The Market for Follow-On Biologics: How Will It
Evolve?},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1291-1301},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6252 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238185}
}
@article{fds238215,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Ridley, DB and Grabowski, HG and Moe, JL},
Title = {Developing drugs for developing countries.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {313-324},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522573},
Abstract = {Infectious and parasitic diseases create enormous health
burdens, but because most of the people suffering from these
diseases are poor, little is invested in developing
treatments. We propose that developers of treatments for
neglected diseases receive a "priority review voucher." The
voucher could save an average of one year of U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) review and be sold by the
developer to the manufacturer of a blockbuster drug. In a
well-functioning market, the voucher would speed access to
highly valued treatments. Thus, the voucher could benefit
consumers in both developing and developed countries at
relatively low cost to the taxpayer.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.313},
Key = {fds238215}
}
@article{fds238222,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Ridley, DB and Kramer, JM and Tilson, HH and Grabowski, HG and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {Spending on postapproval drug safety.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {429-436},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522583},
Abstract = {Withdrawals of high-profile pharmaceuticals have focused
attention on post-approval safety surveillance. There have
been no systematic assessments of spending on postapproval
safety. We surveyed drug manufacturers regarding safety
efforts. Mean spending on postapproval safety per company in
2003 was 56 million dollars (0.3 percent of sales). Assuming
a constant safety-to-sales ratio, we estimated that total
spending on postapproval safety by the top twenty drug
manufacturers was 800 million dollars in 2003. We also
examined, using regression analysis, the relationship
between the number of safety personnel and the number of
initial adverse-event reports. This study offers information
for the debate on proposed changes to safety
surveillance.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.429},
Key = {fds238222}
}
@article{fds238187,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Light, DW and Warburton, RN},
Title = {Extraordinary claims require extraordinary
evidence.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1030-1033},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000231990700013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.07.001},
Key = {fds238187}
}
@article{fds238216,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Hansen, RW and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Setting the record straight on setting the record straight:
Response to the Light and Warburton rejoinder},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1049-1053},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000231990700015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.07.004},
Key = {fds238216}
}
@article{fds318173,
Author = {Light, DW and Warburton, RN and DiMasi, JA and Hansen, RW and Grabowski,
HG},
Title = {Setting the record straight in the reply by DiMasi, Hansen
and Grabowski},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1045-1048},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.07.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.07.003},
Key = {fds318173}
}
@article{fds46173,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {Increasing R&D Incentives for Neglected Diseases: Lessons
from the Orphan Drug Act},
Pages = {457-480},
Booktitle = {Cambridge University Press Conference Volume},
Editor = {Jerome Reichman},
Year = {2005},
Abstract = {The U.S. Orphan Drug Act incorporates market push and pull
incentives to encourage the development of new drugs for
rare diseases. These include tax credits and grants, FDA
counseling and encouragement, and a market exclusivity
provision. The Act has been a great success in increasing
the number of approved drugs for rare diseases. While new
medicines for the neglected diseases of poverty are
technically eligible for the incentives embodied in the Act,
less than five percent of the orphan drug marketing
approvals have been for such indications. The basic problem
is insufficient expected revenues associated with the low
ability to pay for health care in poor countries. There is
the need for a strong market pull mechanism applicable to
neglected diseases in poor countries. The focus of this
paper is how to amend the Orphan Drug Act to include such a
strong market pull mechanism. Prior authors have focused on
transferable or roaming exclusivity rights and purchase
funds as market pull incentive mechanisms. In this paper,
the concept of a transferable right of priority review is
developed as an alternative to transferable exclusivity
rights. Transferable rights of priority review have
advantages as a decentralized market incentive mechanism. In
particular, they are likely to be more cost effective and
acceptable politically compared to transferable exclusivity
incentive programs. Furthermore, they could be designed to
complement government and private donor purchase funds
targeted to specific conditions with high disease burden
such as malaria and tuberculosis.},
Key = {fds46173}
}
@article{fds238214,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Encouraging the Development of New Vaccines},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {697-704},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6254 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238214}
}
@misc{fds238138,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Increasing R&D Incentives for Neglected Diseases: Lessons
from the Orphan Drug Act},
Pages = {457-480},
Booktitle = {International Public Goods And Transfer Of Technology Under
A Globalized Intellectual Property Regime},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Maskus, KKE and Reichman, JJH},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {9780521841962},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7350 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Distinguished economists, political scientists, and legal
experts discuss the implications of the increasingly
globalized protection of intellectual property rights for
the ability of countries to provide their citizens with such
important public goods as basic research, education, public
health, and environmental protection. Such items
increasingly depend on the exercise of private rights over
technical inputs and information goods, which could usher in
a brave new world of accelerating technological innovation.
However, higher and more harmonized levels of international
intellectual property rights could also throw up high
roadblocks in the path of follow-on innovation, competition
and the attainment of social objectives. It is at best
unclear who represents the public interest in negotiating
forums dominated by powerful knowledge cartels. This is the
first book to assess the public processes and inputs that an
emerging transnational system of innovation will need to
promote technical progress, economic growth and welfare for
all participants.},
Key = {fds238138}
}
@misc{fds303238,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Increasing R&D incentives for neglected diseases: Lessons
from the Orphan Drug Act},
Pages = {457-480},
Booktitle = {International Public Goods And Transfer Of Technology Under
A Globalized Intellectual Property Regime},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Maskus, KKE and Reichman, JJH},
Year = {2005},
ISBN = {9780521841962},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7359 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Distinguished economists, political scientists, and legal
experts discuss the implications of the increasingly
globalized protection of intellectual property rights for
the ability of countries to provide their citizens with such
important public goods as basic research, education, public
health, and environmental protection. Such items
increasingly depend on the exercise of private rights over
technical inputs and information goods, which could usher in
a brave new world of accelerating technological innovation.
However, higher and more harmonized levels of international
intellectual property rights could also throw up high
roadblocks in the path of follow-on innovation, competition
and the attainment of social objectives. It is at best
unclear who represents the public interest in negotiating
forums dominated by powerful knowledge cartels. This is the
first book to assess the public processes and inputs that an
emerging transnational system of innovation will need to
promote technical progress, economic growth and welfare for
all participants.},
Key = {fds303238}
}
@article{fds238158,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Are the Economics of Pharmaceutical R&D Changing?
Productivity, Patents and Political Pressures},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {22, suppl. 2},
Pages = {15-24},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6705 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Pharmaceutical R&D competition in the 1980s and 1990s was
characterized by rising R&D expenditures, favorable returns
to innovators, and the introduction of many new classes of
drugs with high social benefits. However in the past three
years the number of new drug introductions has been below
the historical trend, while costs per new drug continue to
increase. Another important concern affecting the industry
is the fact that many leading drugs under patent are being
challenged by generic firms. Under the 1984 Hatch-Waxman
Act, generic firms have strong incentives to be the first to
challenge a patent given the 180 day exclusivity provision.
Many generic firms have developed a business model which
involves prospecting in patent suit challenges. Congress is
currently considering legislative changes to the 1984 Act,
but is not addressing this important issue. Looking forward,
a key issue will be how the pending Medicare Rx drug benefit
is implemented. Initially Congress is likely to structure
the Medicare benefit using traditional PBM and managed care
competition to keep costs in check. However, Medicaid
programs recently have become more aggressive in their cost
containment programs. Many states have adopted preferred
drug lists with prior authorization and thirteen states now
have quantity limits on the number of prescriptions per
month. Over time Medicare will likely confront similar
budgetary problem to the states’ and experience pressures
to expand the scope of the program. A long term dynamic
toward more aggressive cost containment would have
particularly adverse consequences for innovation.},
Key = {fds238158}
}
@article{fds238223,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, J},
Title = {R&D costs and returns by therapeutic category},
Journal = {DRUG INFORMATION JOURNAL},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {211-223},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0092-8615},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000223252600001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Objectives: This study examines the degree to which
therapeutic class accounts for variability in drug
development costs. It also scrutinizes how sales levels vary
across the associated therapeutic classes for those drugs
that have reached the marketplace. Data and Methods: A
stratified random sample of 68 investigational drugs that
first entered clinical testing anywhere in the world from
1983 to 1994 was selected from the pipelines of 10
pharmaceutical firms. Clinical period cost data were
obtained for these compounds by phase. The sample consisted
both of drugs that failed in testing and drugs that obtained
marketing approval. We grouped the drugs by therapeutic
category. Clinical period costs per approved new drug
(inclusive of failures) were obtained for the
analgesic/anesthetic, antiinfective, cardiovascular, and
central nervous system (CNS) therapeutic classes. Worldwide
sales profiles for new drugs approved in the United States
from 1990 to 1994 over a 20-year product life cycle were
computed based on IMS Health sales data. All costs and sales
were expressed in year 2000 dollars. Results: Out-of-pocket
clinical period cost per approved drug (inclusive of
failures) for cardiovascular ($277 million) and CNS ($273
million) drugs was close to the overall average ($282
million). However, antiinfective drug costs were
considerably above average ($362 million) and
analgesic/anesthetic drug costs were modestly below average
($252 million). The results were qualitatively similar when
the development timelines were used to determine capitalized
(out-of-pocket plus time) costs. In comparison to the
overall average of $466 million, the capitalized cost per
approved drug was slightly lower for CNS ($464 million) and
for cardiovascular ($460 million) drugs. The capitalized
costs were $375 million for analgesic/anesthetic drugs and
$492 million for antiinfective drugs. The mean net present
values of life cycle sales for new drugs approved in the
first half of the 1990s were $2434 million, $1080 million,
$2199 million, $3668 million, and $4177 million for all
drugs, analgesic/anesthetic drugs, antiinfective drugs,
cardiovascular drugs, and CNS drugs, respectively.
Conclusions: Development costs vary substantially from drug
to drug. A drug's therapeutic class can explain some of that
variability. The sales of new drugs by broad therapeutic
category did not correlate well with average development
costs. However, given the dynamic nature of pharmaceutical
markets and changes over time in research and development
(R&D) expenditure shares, the results are still consistent
with a model of firm behavior that posits that R&D efforts
will generally shift toward high net return, and away from
low net return, therapeutic areas.},
Doi = {10.1177/009286150403800301},
Key = {fds238223}
}
@article{fds238217,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Ripple Effects of a Restrictive Medicaid Formulary
(editorial)},
Journal = {American Journal of Managed Care},
Volume = {9},
Number = {10},
Pages = {648-649},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6422 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238217}
}
@article{fds238159,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Patents and New Product Development in the Pharmaceutical
and Biotechnology Industry},
Journal = {The Georgetown Public Policy Review},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {7-23},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6626 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238159}
}
@article{fds238220,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Hansen, RW and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development
costs.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-185},
Publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6706 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The research and development costs of 68 randomly selected
new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical
firms. These data were used to estimate the average pre-tax
cost of new drug development. The costs of compounds
abandoned during testing were linked to the costs of
compounds that obtained marketing approval. The estimated
average out-of-pocket cost per new drug is 403 million US
dollars (2000 dollars). Capitalizing out-of-pocket costs to
the point of marketing approval at a real discount rate of
11% yields a total pre-approval cost estimate of 802 million
US dollars (2000 dollars). When compared to the results of
an earlier study with a similar methodology, total
capitalized costs were shown to have increased at an annual
rate of 7.4% above general price inflation.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-6296(02)00126-1},
Key = {fds238220}
}
@misc{fds46873,
Title = {"Patents and New Product Development in the Pharmaceuticals
and Biotechnology Industries"},
Journal = {Science and Cents: The Economics of Biotechnology},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas},
Editor = {John Duca},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds46873}
}
@misc{fds46308,
Title = {Patents and the Development of New Pharmaceuticals in
Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology Industry},
Pages = {87-104},
Booktitle = {Science and Cents: Exploring the Economics of
Biotechnology},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas},
Editor = {Duca John V and Yucel, Mine K},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds46308}
}
@article{fds238219,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Patents, Innovation and Access to New Pharmaceuticals},
Journal = {Journal of International Economic Law},
Pages = {849-860},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6707 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238219}
}
@article{fds238184,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Vernon, J and DiMasi, J},
Title = {Returns on R&D for 1990s New Drug Introductions},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {Supplement 3},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6718 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238184}
}
@misc{fds46370,
Title = {Returns to Pharmaceutical R&D in the 1990s},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds46370}
}
@misc{fds46372,
Title = {Patent Policy Issues in Pharmaceuticals},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds46372}
}
@article{fds340990,
Author = {Allen, JR and Anthony, CJ and Bosco, LA and Burke, LB and Byrns, PJ and Casnoff, CA and Clark, D and Fishburn, B and Fulda, TR and Gagnon, JP and Golodner, LF and Gondek, K and Grabowski, H and Grezlak, CR and Gross,
DJ and Katz, E and Lawrence, E and Lipton, HL and Maine, LL and Matsumoto,
J and McKercher, PL and Miller, M and Morris, L and Novitch, M and Palumbo,
FB and Penna, PM and Persinger, GS and Pollard, M and Rucker, TD and Schur,
C and Schweitzer, SO and Schulke, DG and Schulman, KA and Seidman, RC and Shulman, SA and Sleath, BL and Whitehouse, J and Wilford, BB and Williams, K and Woosley, RL},
Title = {A framework for research and evaluation into the effects of
managed care on the pharmaceutical marketplace: Excerpts
from the final report},
Journal = {Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {235-263},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds340990}
}
@misc{fds238148,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, John},
Title = {Pressures from the Demand Side: Changing Market Dynamics and
Industrial Structure},
Pages = {62-79},
Booktitle = {Consolidation and Competition in the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Publisher = {Office of Health Economics},
Editor = {Kettler, HE},
Year = {2001},
ISBN = {9781899040070},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7059 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238148}
}
@misc{fds46373,
Title = {New Research on the Returns to Pharmaceutical R &
D},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds46373}
}
@misc{fds46376,
Title = {The Distribution of Sales Revenues from Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Year = {2000},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds46376}
}
@article{fds238211,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, J},
Title = {The distribution of sales revenues from pharmaceutical
innovation.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {18 Suppl 1},
Number = {suppl. 1},
Pages = {21-32},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165500000006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This report updates our earlier work on
the returns to pharmaceutical research and development (R&D)
in the US (1980 to 1984), which showed that the returns
distributions are highly skewed. It evaluates a more recent
cohort of new drug introductions in the US (1988 to 1992)
and examines how the returns distribution is emerging for
drugs with life cycles concentrated in the 1990s versus the
1980s.<h4>Design and setting</h4>Methods were described in
detail in our earlier reports. The current sample included
110 new drug entities (including 28 orphan drugs), and sales
data were obtained for the period 1988 to 1998, which
represented between 7 and 11 years of sales for the drugs
included. 20 years was chosen as the expected market life
for this cohort, and a 2-step procedure was used to project
future sales for the drugs--during the period until patent
expiry and then beyond patent expiry until the 20-year
time-horizon was completed. Thus, the values in the first
half of the life cycle are essentially based on realised
sales, while those in the second half are projected using
information on patent expiry and other inputs.<h4>Main
outcome measures and results</h4>Peak annual sales for the
top decile of drugs introduced between 1988 and 1992 in the
US amounted to almost $US1.1 billion compared with peak
sales of less than $US175 million (1992 values) for the mean
compound. In particular, the top decile accounted for 56% of
overall sales revenue. Although the sales distributions were
skewed in both our earlier and current analysis, the top
decile in the later time-period exhibited more rapid rates
of growth after launch, a peak that was more than 50%
greater in real terms than for the 1980 to 1984 cohort, and
a faster rate of expected decline in sales after patent
expiry. One factor contributing to the distribution of sales
revenues becoming more skewed over time is the orphan drug
phenomenon (i.e. most of the orphan drugs are concentrated
at the bottom of the distribution).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The
distribution of sales revenues for new drug compounds is
highly skewed in nature. In this regard, the top decile of
new drugs accounts for more than half of the total sales
generated by the 1988 to 1992 cohort analysed. Furthermore,
the distribution of sales revenues for this cohort is more
skewed than that of the 1980 to 1984 cohort we analysed in
previous research.},
Doi = {10.2165/00019053-200018001-00005},
Key = {fds238211}
}
@article{fds341305,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Effective patent life in pharmaceuticals},
Journal = {International Journal of Technology Management},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {98-120},
Publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtm.2000.002803},
Abstract = {Effective patent life is lost in pharmaceuticals because of
the lengthy time periods required for clinical trials and
regulatory approval. A 1984 US law restores some of this
lost patent time, while also facilitating generic
competition when patents expire. This paper examines this
law and the effects of other policy developments on market
exclusivity times in pharmaceuticals. It also performs
simulation analyses on how proposed legislative reforms
would impact on future new drug introductions.},
Doi = {10.1504/ijtm.2000.002803},
Key = {fds341305}
}
@article{fds238212,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and John Vernon},
Title = {Effective Patent Life in Pharmaceuticals},
Journal = {International Journal of Technology Management},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1/2},
Pages = {98-120},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6708 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Effective patent life is lost in pharmaceuticals because of
the lengthy time periods required for clinical trials and
regulatory approval. A 1984 US law restores some of this
lost patent time, while also facilitating generic
competition when patents expire. This paper examines this
law and the effects of other policy developments on market
exclusivity times in pharmaceuticals. It also performs
simulation analyses on how proposed legislative reforms
would impact on future new drug introductions.},
Key = {fds238212}
}
@article{fds238213,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and John Vernon},
Title = {The Determinants of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Expenditures},
Journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {201-215},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6719 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238213}
}
@article{fds238189,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Role of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Managed Care
Decisions},
Journal = {Pharmacoeconomics},
Volume = {14,suppl. 1},
Pages = {15-24},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6712 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238189}
}
@article{fds238188,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Frank Sloan},
Title = {"The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International
Perspective"},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {505-510},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Doi = {10.1016/s0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Key = {fds238188}
}
@article{fds238190,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Mullins, CD},
Title = {Pharmacy Benefit Management, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and
Drug Formulary Decisions},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {535-544},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6720 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238190}
}
@article{fds238191,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Effect of Pharmacoeconomics on Company Research and
Development Decisions},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {389-397},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238191}
}
@article{fds343253,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Conclusions and implications},
Journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {645-647},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81011-8},
Doi = {10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81011-8},
Key = {fds343253}
}
@misc{fds46883,
Title = {The Search for New Vaccines: The Effects of the Vaccines for
Children Program},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds46883}
}
@article{fds340991,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International Perspective:
Introduction and overview},
Journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {505-510},
Publisher = {Pergamon Press Ltd.},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Grabowski, H},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Doi = {10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Key = {fds340991}
}
@misc{fds318174,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Public Policy and Innovation in Pharmaceuticals and
Biotechnology},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {343-349},
Booktitle = {Business and Economics for the 21st Century Volume
1},
Publisher = {Business and Economic Society International},
Editor = {Kantarelis, D},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds318174}
}
@misc{fds20776,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Ronald W. Hansen},
Title = {Economic Scales and Tests},
Series = {Second Edition},
Pages = {79-84},
Booktitle = {Quality of Life and Pharmacoeconomics in Clinical
Trials},
Publisher = {Lippincott-Raven Press: Philadelphia},
Editor = {B. Spilker},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds20776}
}
@misc{fds20777,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {Returns to Pharmaceutical R&D: Prospects Under Health Care
Reform},
Pages = {194-207},
Booktitle = {Competitive Strategies in the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Publisher = {AEI Press: Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Robert Helms},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds20777}
}
@article{fds238174,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Longer Patents for Increased Genetic Competition: The
Waxman-Hatch Act After One Decade},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {10,Suppl. 2},
Pages = {110-123},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6591 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238174}
}
@misc{fds20773,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Gary Zarkin and Josephine Mauskopf and Heather A. Bannerman and Richard H. Weisler},
Title = {Economic Evaluation of Drug Treatment for Psychiatric
Disorders: The New Clinical Trial Protocol" Chapter
16},
Pages = {1897-1905},
Booktitle = {Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of
Progress},
Publisher = {Raven Press, Ltd.: NY},
Editor = {Floyd E. Bloom and David J. Kupfer},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds20773}
}
@article{fds238192,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Vernon, J and Grabowski, Henry},
Title = {R&D Costs, Innovative Output and Firm Size in the
Pharmaceutical Industry},
Journal = {International Journal of the Economics of
Business},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-219},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1995},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6715 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study examines the relationships between firm size, R&D
costs and output in the pharmaceutical industry.
Project-level data from a survey of 12 US-owned
pharmaceutical firms on drug development costs, development
phase lengths and failure rates are used to determine
estimates of the R&D cost of new drug development by firm
size. Firms in the sample are grouped into three size
categories, according to their pharmaceutical sales at the
beginning of the study period. The D&D cost per new drug
approved in the US is shown to decrease with firm size,
while sales per new drug approved are shown to increase
markedly with firm size. Sales distributions are highly
skewed and suggest that firms need to search for blockbuster
drugs with above-average returns. The results are consistent
with substantial economies of scale in pharmaceutical R&D,
particularly at the discovery and preclinical development
phases. © 1995, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/758519309},
Key = {fds238192}
}
@article{fds238193,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, J and Hansen, R and Lasagna, L},
Title = {Research and Development Costs for New Drugs by Therapeutic
Category: A Study of the U.S. Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {152-169},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds238193}
}
@misc{fds238130,
Author = {Zarkin, Gary A. and Grabowski, HG and Mauskopf, Josephine and Bannerman, Heather A. and Weisler, Ricard
H.},
Title = {Economic Evaluation of Drug Treatment for Psychiatric
Disorders: The New Clinical Trial Protocol},
Pages = {1897-1905},
Booktitle = {Psychopharmacology: the Fourth Generation of
Progress},
Publisher = {Raven Press},
Editor = {Bloom, FE and ed, DJK},
Year = {1995},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7391 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238130}
}
@misc{fds238136,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {'Price and Profit Control, New Competitive Dynamics and the
Economics of Innovation in the Pharmaceutical
Industry'},
Pages = {77-91},
Booktitle = {Industrial Policy and the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Publisher = {Office of Health Economics},
Editor = {Towse, A},
Year = {1995},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7369 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238136}
}
@article{fds238157,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Returns to R&D on new drug introductions in the
1980s.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {383-406},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10140531},
Abstract = {This study finds that the mean IRR for 1980-84 U.S. new drug
introductions is 11.1%, and the mean NPV is 22 million (1990
dollars). The distribution of returns is highly skewed. The
results are robust to plausible changes in the baseline
assumptions. Our work is also compared with a 1993 study by
the OTA. Despite some important differences in assumptions,
both studies imply that returns for the average NCE are
within one percentage point of the industry's cost of
capital. This is much less than what is typically observed
in analyses based on accounting data.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(94)90010-8},
Key = {fds238157}
}
@misc{fds20691,
Title = {Health Reform and Pharmaceutical Innovation},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds20691}
}
@misc{fds191922,
Title = {Testimony - Health Care Reform},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds191922}
}
@article{fds238163,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and John Vernon},
Title = {Innovation and Structural Change in Pharmaceuticals and
Biotechnology},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {435-449},
Year = {1994},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6728 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238163}
}
@article{fds238194,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Health Reform and Pharmaceutical Innovation},
Journal = {Seton Hall Law Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1221-1259},
Year = {1994},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6716 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238194}
}
@misc{fds20768,
Title = {Pharmaceuticals and Health Care Costs},
Publisher = {Proceedings of the First International Health Care Forum,
Health Care Policy and the Pharmaceutical Industry, Gotemba,
Japan},
Year = {1993},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds20768}
}
@article{fds238195,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Brand Loyalty, Entry, and Price Competition in
Pharmaceuticals after the 1984 Drug Act},
Journal = {The Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {331-350},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992KD03100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467257},
Key = {fds238195}
}
@article{fds188697,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski},
Title = {The Costs and Returns to Pharmaceutical Research and
Development},
Journal = {Rivista internazionale di scienze sociali},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {347-357},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds188697}
}
@article{fds238153,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Costs and Returns to Pharmaceutical Research and
Development},
Journal = {Revista Internazionale di Scienze sociali (International
Social Studies Review)},
Pages = {347-358},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6337 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238153}
}
@article{fds238196,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Schweitzer, SO and Shiota, SR},
Title = {The effect of Medicaid formularies on the availability of
new drugs.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {Suppl 1},
Pages = {32-40},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10146929},
Abstract = {This study expands our previous work on the availability of
new drug introductions to poor patients in states in the USA
with restrictive Medicaid formularies. In particular, it
focuses on the experience of 9 states over the period 1979
to 1985. In these states, a typical new drug took 20 months
after FDA approval to gain acceptance onto the Medicaid
formulary. New drug introductions were available to Medicaid
patients less than 40% of the time during their first 4
years of market life. Restrictions on availability also
extended to drugs ranked high in terms of both therapeutic
and commercial importance. There was substantial variation
observed across states and therapeutic categories. While
formularies are prohibited under legislation recently
enacted by the US Congress, state governments may attempt to
continue to restrict access to expensive new medicines
through prior approval systems. This is an issue that
warrants future attention and study.},
Doi = {10.2165/00019053-199200011-00009},
Key = {fds238196}
}
@article{fds238160,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and DiMasi, JA and Hansen, RW and Grabowski, HG and Lasagna,
L},
Title = {Cost of innovation in the pharmaceutical
industry.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-142},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FZ51400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The research and development costs of 93 randomly selected
new chemical entities (NCEs) were obtained from a survey of
12 U.S.-owned pharmaceutical firms. These data were used to
estimate the pre-tax average cost of new drug development.
The costs of abandoned NCEs were linked to the costs of NCEs
that obtained marketing approval. For base case parameter
values, the estimated out-of-pocket cost per approved NCE is
$114 million (1987 dollars). Capitalizing out-of-pocket
costs to the point of marketing approval at a 9% discount
rate yielded an average cost estimate of $231 million (1987
dollars).},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(91)90001-4},
Key = {fds238160}
}
@misc{fds238131,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Changing Economics of Pharmaceutical Research and
Development},
Pages = {35-52},
Booktitle = {The Changing Economics of Medical Technology},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Editor = {Gelijns, Annetine C. and Halm, Ethan A.},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780309555944},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7390 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238131}
}
@misc{fds20764,
Title = {Pharmaceutical Research and Development: Return and
Risk},
Publisher = {Centre for Medicines Research, Surrey, England},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds20764}
}
@misc{fds238134,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Product Liability in Pharmaceuticals: Comments on Chapters
Eight and Nine},
Pages = {360-366},
Booktitle = {The Liability Maze: The Impact of Liability Law on Safety
and Innovation},
Publisher = {The Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Huber, PPW and Litan, RE},
Year = {1991},
ISBN = {9780815737612},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7371 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {With an ever-increasing number of liability lawsuits, are
corporations electing to play it safe rather than risk the
uncertainties accompanying innovation? In The Liability Maze
experts address the issues surrounding safety and innovation
and present the most detailed and comprehensive study to
date on the actual impact of U.S. liability law. In recent
decades it has been widely assumed that liability laws
promote safety by significantly raising the price companies
must pay for negligence, product defects and accidents. More
recently, others have suggested that the broad and
unpredictable sweep of these laws actually deters
innovation. The risks of lawsuits are so great that
corporations are showing more caution in product innovation
than ever before.The contributors focus on five sectors of
the economy where the liability system appears to have had
the greatest effects, positive or negative: the private
aircraft, automobile, chemical, and pharmaceutical
industries, and the medical profession. They suggest that in
many sectors liability law has hampered innovation. In
others it has stimulated safety improvements, although
perhaps not so much as vigilant safety regulations.},
Key = {fds238134}
}
@article{fds238175,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and John Vernon},
Title = {A New Look at the Returns and Risks to Pharmaceutical R &
D},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {36},
Number = {7},
Pages = {804-821},
Year = {1990},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6723 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238175}
}
@article{fds376543,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, J},
Title = {A New Look at the Returns and Risks to Pharmaceutical R &
D},
Year = {1990},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds376543}
}
@misc{fds20756,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Ronald W. Hansen},
Title = {Economic Scales and Tests},
Pages = {61-69},
Booktitle = {Quality of Life Assessments in Clinical Trials},
Publisher = {Raven Press, Ltd.: New York},
Editor = {B. Spilker},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds20756}
}
@misc{fds238147,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Innovation and International Competitiveness in
Pharmaceuticals},
Pages = {167-185},
Booktitle = {Evolving Technology and Market Structure: Studies in
Schumpeterian Economics},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Editor = {Heertje, Arnold and Perlman, Mark},
Year = {1990},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7060 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238147}
}
@article{fds238155,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Viscusi, WK and Evans, WN},
Title = {Price and Availability Tradeoffs of Automobile Insurance
Regulation},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {LVI},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-299},
Year = {1989},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6710 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238155}
}
@article{fds238168,
Author = {GRABOWSKI, HG},
Title = {AN ANALYSIS OF UNITED-STATES INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
IN PHARMACEUTICALS},
Journal = {MANAGERIAL AND DECISION ECONOMICS},
Pages = {27-33},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD},
Year = {1989},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0143-6570},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989U109300005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238168}
}
@article{fds238154,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Medicaid Patients' Access to New Drugs},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Pages = {102-114},
Year = {1988},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6629 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238154}
}
@misc{fds20750,
Title = {Impact of Patent and Regulatory Policies on Drug
Innovation},
Pages = {5-16},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second Annual Shearson Lehman Hutton
Conference on Legal and Regulatory Issues Affecting
Biotechnology and Health Care},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds20750}
}
@article{fds238198,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Pioneers, Imitators, and Generics--A Simulation Model of
Schumpeterian Competition},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {102},
Number = {3},
Pages = {491-491},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987J363100003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1884215},
Key = {fds238198}
}
@article{fds238197,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Health/Economic Benefits of Drug Therapy: Efficacy, Low
Risk, Cost Effectiveness, Patient Information and
Emancipation},
Journal = {Swiss Pharma},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3a},
Pages = {29-31},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds238197}
}
@article{fds238169,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {Longer Patents for Lower Imitation Barriers: The 1984 Drug
Act},
Journal = {The American Economic Review},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {195-198},
Year = {1986},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6274 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238169}
}
@misc{fds46881,
Title = {Health Care Cost Containment and Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Pages = {25-28},
Publisher = {Proceedings of the Conferences on Health Care and the
Elderly, Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46881}
}
@article{fds318175,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Issues of drug development: orphan drugs.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {228},
Number = {4702},
Pages = {981},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.228.4702.981},
Doi = {10.1126/science.228.4702.981},
Key = {fds318175}
}
@article{fds238199,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Gort, M and McGuckin, R},
Title = {Organizational Capital and the Choice between Specialization
and Diversification},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-10},
Year = {1985},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238199}
}
@misc{fds20743,
Title = {Studies on Drug Substitution, Patent Policy and Innovation
in the Pharmaceutical Industry},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds20743}
}
@misc{fds20745,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Lawrence De Brock},
Title = {Economic Aspects of Vaccine Innovation and Manufacturing
Chapter},
Pages = {45-64},
Booktitle = {Vaccine Supply and Innovation},
Publisher = {National Academy Press: Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds20745}
}
@misc{fds238142,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, John},
Title = {A Computer Simulation Model of Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Pages = {159-175},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Economics},
Publisher = {Swedish Institute for Health Economics and Liber
Forlag},
Editor = {Lindgren, Bjorn},
Year = {1984},
ISBN = {9138613727},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7340 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238142}
}
@misc{fds303237,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, J},
Title = {A Computer Simulation Model of Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Pages = {159-175},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Economics: Papers Presented at the 6. Arne
Ryde Symposium, Helsingborg, Sweden 1982},
Publisher = {Swedish Institute for Health Economics and Liber
Forlag},
Editor = {Lindgren, B},
Year = {1984},
ISBN = {9789138613726},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7379 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds303237}
}
@article{fds238218,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Impact of Patent and Regulatory Policies on Drug
Innovation},
Journal = {Medical Marketing & Media},
Volume = {18},
Number = {10},
Pages = {42-63},
Year = {1983},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds238218}
}
@article{fds20739,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Richard J. Arnould},
Title = {Automobile Safety Regulation: A Review of the
Evidence},
Journal = {Research in Law and Economics},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {233-267},
Editor = {Richard O. Zerbe},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds20739}
}
@misc{fds46880,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {The Regulation of Pharmaceuticals: Balancing the Benefits
and Risks},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds46880}
}
@article{fds238200,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Public Policy and Pharmaceutical Innovation},
Journal = {Health Care Financing Review},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-87},
Year = {1982},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds238200}
}
@article{fds238170,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {A Sensitivity Analysis of Expected Profitability of
Pharmaceutical Research and Development},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {36-40},
Year = {1982},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6265 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238170}
}
@misc{fds180302,
Title = {A Computer Simulation Model of Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Economics with John Vernon},
Publisher = {Liber Forlag},
Editor = {B. Lindgren},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds180302}
}
@misc{fds46879,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Jean P. Gagnon},
Title = {An Evaluation of the Maximum Allowable Cost
Program},
Pages = {81-113},
Booktitle = {The Effectiveness of Medicines in Containing Health Care
Costs},
Publisher = {Proceedings of a Symposium of the National Pharmaceutical
Council, Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds46879}
}
@article{fds238201,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Public Policy and Innovation: The Case of
Pharmaceuticals},
Journal = {Technovation},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {157-189},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds238201}
}
@misc{fds238146,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, John},
Title = {The Pharmaceutical Industry},
Pages = {283-360},
Booktitle = {Government and Technical Progress},
Publisher = {Pergamon},
Editor = {Nelson, RR and Policy, NYUGSOBACFSAT},
Year = {1982},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7061 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238146}
}
@misc{fds376682,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {The Pharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {Pergamon},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds376682}
}
@article{fds238202,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Arnould, RJ},
Title = {Auto Safety Regulation: An Analysis of Market
Failure},
Journal = {The Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-48},
Year = {1981},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238202}
}
@misc{fds191921,
Title = {Testimony - Patent Term Restoration Act of
1981},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds191921}
}
@misc{fds20731,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {The Determinants of R&D Expenditures},
Pages = {3-20},
Booktitle = {Drugs and Health},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Robert B. Helms},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds20731}
}
@misc{fds20732,
Title = {Regulation and Industrial Innovation},
Pages = {65-81},
Booktitle = {Industrial Innovation and Public Policy Options: Background
Papers for a Colloquium},
Publisher = {National Academy Press: Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds20732}
}
@misc{fds20730,
Title = {Regulation and the International Diffusion of
Pharmaceuticals},
Pages = {5-36},
Booktitle = {The International Supply of Medicines},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Robert B. Helms},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds20730}
}
@article{fds238171,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and GRABOWSKI, HG and VERNON, JM},
Title = {SUBSTITUTION LAWS AND INNOVATION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY},
Journal = {LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-66},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1979JG34000004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238171}
}
@article{fds238203,
Author = {GRABOWSKI, HG},
Title = {IMPACT OF REGULATION ON INNOVATION},
Journal = {FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL},
Volume = {34},
Number = {10},
Pages = {555-560},
Publisher = {FOOD DRUG LAW INST},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1979HS07800006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238203}
}
@misc{fds20725,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John M. Vernon},
Title = {New Studies on Market Definition, Concentration, Theory of
Supply, Entry and Promotion},
Pages = {29-52},
Booktitle = {Issues in Pharmaceutical Economics},
Publisher = {Lexington Books: Lexington, Mass.},
Editor = {Robert I. Chien},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds20725}
}
@misc{fds20726,
Title = {Regulation of the United States Pharmaceutical Industry:
Current Problems and Policy Developments},
Pages = {57-74},
Booktitle = {Medicines for the Year 2000},
Publisher = {Office of Health Economics: London, England},
Editor = {George Teeling-Smith},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds20726}
}
@misc{fds46877,
Title = {The Effects of Product Quality Regulation on Innovation in
the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {Final Report for the National Science Foundation Grant PRA
75-19823 (National Technical Information Services,
Washington, D.C.)},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds46877}
}
@misc{fds46878,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon},
Title = {The Impact of Regulation on Industrial Innovation},
Publisher = {National Academy of Sciences: Washington,
D.C.},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds46878}
}
@article{fds343254,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {SUBSTITUTION LAWS AND INNOVATION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds343254}
}
@article{fds238167,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Effects of Advertising on IntraIndustry Shifts on
Demand},
Journal = {Occasional Papers of the National Bureau of Economic
Research, Explorations in Economic Research},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {675-701},
Year = {1978},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238167}
}
@article{fds238205,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Consumer product safety regulation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {68},
Number = {2},
Pages = {284-289},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FB58600043&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {While it is still too early to evaluate con- clusively the
recent wave of consumer product safety regulation, the
evidence thus far indicates that serious resource mis-
allocation is taking place and is likely to continue. The
regulators of product safety tend to rely solely on direct
controls (product bans and standards) and to be concerned
with the benefits only, as measured in the number of lives
saved and accidents avoided. They ignore, often in-
tentionally, the costs of their controls. Un- less this
"safety imperative" approach to regulation is changed, the
problems of resource misallocation will multiply over time
as regulatory controls are extended to several additional
product classes.},
Key = {fds238205}
}
@article{fds238206,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, JM and Thomas, LG},
Title = {Estimating the effects of regulation on innovation: an
international comparative analysis of the pharmaceutical
industry.},
Journal = {The Journal of law & economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-163},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FQ64400006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/466914},
Key = {fds238206}
}
@article{fds318176,
Author = {GRABOWSKI, HG},
Title = {EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION LAWS ON INNOVATION},
Journal = {DRUG THERAPY},
Volume = {8},
Number = {12},
Pages = {91-&},
Publisher = {CORE MEDICAL JOURNALS},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds318176}
}
@article{fds238204,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Mueller, DC},
Title = {Industrial Research and Development, Intangible Capital
Stocks, and Firm Profit Rates},
Journal = {The Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {328-328},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1978},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0361-915X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FU33500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3003585},
Key = {fds238204}
}
@article{fds341306,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Thomas, LG and Vernon, JM},
Title = {Estimating the effects of regulation on innovation: an
international comparative analysis of the pharmaceutical
industry.},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-163},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds341306}
}
@article{fds238166,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and GRABOWSKI, HG and VERNON, JM},
Title = {CONSUMER-PROTECTION REGULATION IN ETHICAL
DRUGS},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {359-364},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1977CX46500056&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238166}
}
@misc{fds46874,
Title = {The Effects of Advertising on the Interindustry Distribution
of Demand},
Journal = {Occasional Papers of National Bureau of Economic Research,
Explorations in Economic Research},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {21-75},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds46874}
}
@misc{fds20719,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and John Vernon and Lacy Glenn Thomas},
Title = {The Effects of Regulatory Policy on the Incentives to
Innovate: An International Comparative Analysis},
Pages = {47-93},
Booktitle = {Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and
Pricing},
Publisher = {American University: Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Emery A. Link and Samuel Mitchell},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds20719}
}
@misc{fds46876,
Title = {Drug Regulation and Innovation: Empirical Evidence and
Policy Options},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research:
Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds46876}
}
@misc{fds238144,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Vernon, John and Thomas, Lacy
Glenn},
Title = {Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and
Pricing},
Pages = {453 pages},
Booktitle = {Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and
Pricing},
Publisher = {American University},
Editor = {Mitchell, SA and Link, E},
Year = {1976},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7063 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238144}
}
@misc{fds238145,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Vernon, John M.},
Title = {Structural Effects of Regulation on Innovation in the
Ethical Drug Industry},
Pages = {181-205},
Booktitle = {Essays on industrial organization, in honor of Joe S.
Bain},
Publisher = {Ballinger Publishing Company},
Editor = {Bain, JS and Masson, RT and Qualls, PD},
Year = {1976},
ISBN = {9780884104162},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7062 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238145}
}
@article{fds238207,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG and Mueller, DC},
Title = {Life-Cycle Effects on Corporate Returns on
Retentions},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {400-400},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1975},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975AY23600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1935899},
Key = {fds238207}
}
@misc{fds20715,
Title = {Advertising and Resource Allocation: A Critique},
Booktitle = {Advertising and the Public Interest},
Publisher = {American Marketing Association},
Editor = {Salvatore F. Davita},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds20715}
}
@article{fds238208,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Baxter, ND},
Title = {Rivalry in Research and Development: An Empirical
Study},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-235},
Year = {1973},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238208}
}
@article{fds238172,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Corazzani, A and Dugan, D and Grabowski, Henry},
Title = {Determinants and Distributional Aspects of Enrollment in
U.S. Higher Education},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-59},
Year = {1972},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6731 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238172}
}
@article{fds238156,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, Henry and Dennis Mueller},
Title = {Managerial and Stockholder Welfare Models of Firm
Expenditures},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {9-24},
Year = {1972},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6701 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238156}
}
@article{fds238209,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Dennis Mueller},
Title = {Imitative Advertising in the Cigarette Industry},
Journal = {The Journal of American and Foreign Antitrust and Trade
Regulations},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {257-292},
Year = {1971},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds238209}
}
@article{fds238210,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Dennis Mueller},
Title = {Non-Price Competition in the Cigarette Industry: A
Coment},
Journal = {Antitrust Bulletin},
Volume = {40},
Pages = {257-292},
Year = {1970},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds238210}
}
@article{fds238164,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Demand Shifting, Optimal Firm Growth, and Rule-of-Thumb
Decision Making},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Econoics},
Volume = {84},
Pages = {217-235},
Year = {1970},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6256 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238164}
}
@article{fds238173,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Dennis Mueller},
Title = {Industrial Organization: The Role and Contribution of
Econometrics},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {100-104},
Year = {1970},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6255 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238173}
}
@article{fds238165,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Determinents of Industrial Research and Development: A
study of the chemical, drug, and petrolium
industries},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {292-306},
Year = {1968},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7019 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238165}
}
@article{fds376651,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Determinents of Industrial Research and Development: A
study of the chemical, drug, and petrolium
industries},
Year = {1968},
Key = {fds376651}
}
@misc{fds20693,
Author = {H.G. Grabowski and Oscar Morgenstern and R.W. Shepherd},
Title = {A Graph-Oriented Model for Research Management},
Pages = {187-216},
Booktitle = {Research Program Effectiveness},
Publisher = {Gordon and Breach: New York},
Editor = {M.C. Yovits and D.M. Gilford and E. Staveley and H.D.
Lerner},
Year = {1966},
Key = {fds20693}
}
@misc{fds238143,
Author = {Grabowski, HG},
Title = {Graph-Oriented Model for Research Management},
Pages = {187-216},
Booktitle = {Research program effectiveness. Proceedings of the
conference sponsored by the Office of Naval Research,
Washington, D.C., July 27-29, 1965. Edited by M. C. Yovits
[and others], etc},
Publisher = {Gordon and Breach},
Editor = {YOVITS, MC and Gilford, D.M. and Staveley, E. and Lerner,
H.D.},
Year = {1966},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7064 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238143}
}
%% Graham, Daniel A.
@article{fds238248,
Author = {Marshall, DAGWRC and Richard, J-F},
Title = {Liftlining"},
Journal = {Advances in Applied Microeconomics},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {15-40},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds238248}
}
@article{fds238247,
Author = {GRAHAM, DA},
Title = {PUBLIC-EXPENDITURE UNDER UNCERTAINTY - THE NET-BENEFIT
CRITERIA},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Pages = {822-846},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992JL44300007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238247}
}
@article{fds238246,
Author = {Vernon, DAGWJM},
Title = {"A Note on Decentralized Utility Regulation"},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Pages = {273-275},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238246}
}
@article{fds238245,
Author = {GRAHAM, DA and MARSHALL, RC and RICHARD, JF},
Title = {DIFFERENTIAL PAYMENTS WITHIN A BIDDER COALITION AND THE
SHAPLEY VALUE},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {493-510},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1990},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DM56800013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238245}
}
@article{fds238231,
Author = {Graham, DA and Marshall, RC and Richard, JF},
Title = {Phantom bidding against heterogeneous bidders},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {13-17},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(90)90043-Z},
Abstract = {If IPV bidders are distributionally heterogeneous then a
revenue maximizing English auctioneer will, in general, find
it optimal to use a non-constant reserve price that is a
function of the observed bid sequence. An example is
provided. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(90)90043-Z},
Key = {fds238231}
}
@article{fds238237,
Author = {Graham, DA and Peirce, ER},
Title = {Contract Modification: An Economic Analysis of the Hold-up
Game},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-9},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1989},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989CU50700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1191894},
Key = {fds238237}
}
@article{fds238236,
Author = {Graham, DA and Marshall, RC},
Title = {Collusive Bidder Behavior at Single-Object Second-Price and
English Auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {95},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1217-1239},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987L157000005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/261512},
Key = {fds238236}
}
@article{fds238235,
Author = {Graham, DA and Peirce, ER},
Title = {Contingent Damages: A New Approach to Products
Liability},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {441-468},
Year = {1984},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds238235}
}
@article{fds238233,
Author = {Graham, DA},
Title = {Estimating the ' state dependent' utility
function.},
Journal = {Natural Resources Journal},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {649-656},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Explores the issue of how individuals make value decisions
under uncertainty. Reports on results from recent research
concerning the implications for received theory for efforts
to estimate individual valuations of public projects which
involve uncertain benefits. -T.O'Riordan},
Key = {fds238233}
}
@article{fds238232,
Author = {Graham, DA},
Title = {Cost-benefit analysis under uncertainty.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {71},
Number = {4},
Pages = {715-725},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Provides a procedure for determining whether a risky project
passes the 'potential Pareto improvement' welfare criterion
which forms the normative basis of cost-benefit
analysis.-Author},
Key = {fds238232}
}
@book{fds10894,
Author = {D.A. Graham},
Title = {Microeconomics: The Analysis of Choice},
Publisher = {D. C. Heath},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds10894}
}
@article{fds238234,
Author = {Graham, DA},
Title = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Under Uncertainty},
Volume = {74},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1100-1102},
Year = {1977},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TT19500021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238234}
}
@article{fds15893,
Author = {D.A. Graham and Philip J. Cook},
Title = {The Demand for Insurance and Protection: The Case of
Irreplaceable Commodities},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {91},
Series = {1992},
Pages = {143-156},
Booktitle = {Readings in Insurance Economics},
Editor = {Georges Dionne and Scott Harrington},
Year = {1977},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds15893}
}
@article{fds238243,
Author = {Graham, DA and Peter Jennergren and L and Peterson, DW and Roy
Weintraub, E},
Title = {Trader-commodity parity theorems},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {443-454},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1942 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-0531(76)90038-7},
Key = {fds238243}
}
@article{fds238244,
Author = {Baligh, H and Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER and Weisfeld,
M},
Title = {‘REAL’ TRANSACTIONS COSTS ARE INESSENTIAL},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {527-530},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0023-5962},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976CC74000006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6435.1976.tb01987.x},
Key = {fds238244}
}
@misc{fds20797,
Author = {D.A. Graham},
Title = {"Input-Output and Programming"},
Booktitle = {Some Trends in Modern Economic Thought},
Publisher = {University of Pennsylvania Press},
Editor = {Sidney Weintraub},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds20797}
}
@article{fds238242,
Author = {Graham, DA and Vernon, JM},
Title = {The Economics of the Network-Affiliate Relationship},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {65},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1033-1036},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1734 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238242}
}
@article{fds238241,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {Price Expectations and Global Stability in Economic
Systems},
Journal = {Automatica},
Volume = {11},
Number = {487-497},
Pages = {487-497},
Year = {1975},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0005-1098},
Abstract = {In this paper we study the global stability properties of
both descriptive and optimally controlled economic systems
possessing inherent non-linearities. Stability conditions
for these non-linear models are established, and a complete
characterization of the dynamic path is obtained. Moreover,
the relationship between the global stability properties of
descriptive and optimal control models is clarified, the
trajectories of descriptive models are compared with those
of the planning models and conditions are examined under
which the behavior of completely stable descriptive models
approximates optimal solutions. © 1975.},
Key = {fds238241}
}
@article{fds344713,
Author = {Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {On Convergence to Pareto Allocations},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {42},
Number = {3},
Pages = {469-469},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1975},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2296859},
Doi = {10.2307/2296859},
Key = {fds344713}
}
@article{fds238239,
Author = {Graham, DA},
Title = {A Geometrical Exposition of Input-Output
Analysis},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-126},
Year = {1975},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238239}
}
@article{fds304418,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {Price expectations and global stability in economic
systems},
Journal = {Automatica},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {487-497},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0005-1098},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(75)90024-2},
Abstract = {In this paper we study the global stability properties of
both descriptive and optimally controlled economic systems
possessing inherent non-linearities. Stability conditions
for these non-linear models are established, and a complete
characterization of the dynamic path is obtained. Moreover,
the relationship between the global stability properties of
descriptive and optimal control models is clarified, the
trajectories of descriptive models are compared with those
of the planning models and conditions are examined under
which the behavior of completely stable descriptive models
approximates optimal solutions. © 1975.},
Doi = {10.1016/0005-1098(75)90024-2},
Key = {fds304418}
}
@article{fds238238,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {Multi-secotr Economic Models with Continuous Adaptive
Expectations},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {323-336},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1974},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2296752},
Doi = {10.2307/2296752},
Key = {fds238238}
}
@misc{fds20794,
Author = {D.A. Graham and Edwin Burmeister},
Title = {"Optimal Control and the Descriptive Solutions of
Multi-Sector Model"},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Southeastern Symposium on
Systems Theory},
Publisher = {Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina},
Year = {1973},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds20794}
}
@misc{fds20796,
Author = {D.A. Graham and F. M. Blank},
Title = {"An Economic Theory of Pollution"},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Southeastern Symposium on
Systems Theory},
Publisher = {Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina},
Year = {1973},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds20796}
}
@article{fds238224,
Author = {Burmeister, E and Graham, DA},
Title = {PRICE EXPECTATIONS AND STABILITY IN DESCRIPTIVE AND
OPTIMALLY CONTROLLED MACRO-ECONOMIC MODELS.},
Journal = {IEE Conference Publication},
Number = {10},
Pages = {144-157},
Booktitle = {IFAX/IFORS International Conference on Dynamic Modelling and
Control of National Economies},
Publisher = {IEE Conference Publicaiton No. 101, Institute of Electrical
Engineeers, London, England},
Year = {1973},
Abstract = {This article studies the stability properties of both
descriptive and optimally controlled macro-economic models
admitting any number of capital goods, including a
two-sector (one-capital good) model as a special case. The
stationary point for an optimal control solution is shown to
be a ″regular saddlepoint″ with one-half the
characteristic roots of the associated linear system having
negative real parts and one-half positive real
parts.},
Key = {fds238224}
}
@article{fds238229,
Author = {Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER and Jacobson, E},
Title = {Transactions Costs and the Convergence of a 'Trade Out of
Equilibrium' Adjustment Process},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-131},
Year = {1972},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds238229}
}
@article{fds15908,
Author = {D.A. Graham and J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Profitability of Monopolization by Vertical
Integration},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {79},
Series = {1973},
Number = {4},
Pages = {924-925},
Booktitle = {Economics of Industrial Structure},
Editor = {Basil S. Yamey},
Year = {1971},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds15908}
}
@misc{fds20791,
Author = {D.A. Graham and W. Earl Sasser and Donald S. Burdick and Thomas H. Naylor},
Title = {"Sequential Sampling"},
Booktitle = {Computer Simulation Experiments with Models of Economic
Systems},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Editor = {Thomas H. Naylor},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds20791}
}
@article{fds238228,
Author = {Vernon, DAGWJM},
Title = {"Profitability of Monopolization by Vertical
Integration"},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {79},
Number = {4},
Pages = {924-925},
Year = {1971},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1984 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238228}
}
@article{fds238230,
Author = {Sasser, DAGWWE and Burdick, DS and Naylor, TH},
Title = {"The Application of Sequential Sampling to Simulation: An
Example Inventory Model"},
Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
Volume = {13},
Number = {5},
Pages = {287-296},
Publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)},
Year = {1970},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/362349.362357},
Abstract = {Four different sequential sampling procedures are applied to
the analysis of data generated by a computer simulation
experiment with a multi-item inventory model. For each
procedure the cost of computer time required to achieve
given levels of statistical precision is calculated. Also
the cost of computer time using comparable fixed sample size
methods is calculated. The computer costs of fixed sample
size procedures versus sequential sampling procedures are
compared. © 1970, ACM. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1145/362349.362357},
Key = {fds238230}
}
%% Guo, Ming
@article{fds26643,
Title = {Time-varying information, strategic informed trading, and
price dynamics, (job market paper)},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mg22/papers/price_infor.pdf},
Key = {fds26643}
}
@article{fds26516,
Author = {M. Guo and Hui Ou-Yang},
Title = {Incentives and performance in the presence of wealth effects
and endogenous risk},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mg22/papers/Guo_Ou-Yang.pdf},
Key = {fds26516}
}
@article{fds26644,
Title = {Optimal trading by an active investor with transaction
costs},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mg22/papers/infor_cost_partial.pdf},
Key = {fds26644}
}
%% Guo, Tong
@article{fds358277,
Author = {Orhun, AY and Guo, T and Hagemann, A},
Title = {Reaching for Gold: Frequent-Flyer Status Incentives and
Moral Hazard},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {forthcoming},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and Management
Sciences},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2021.1341},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.2021.1341},
Key = {fds358277}
}
@article{fds358442,
Author = {Fong, J and Guo, T and Rao, A},
Title = {Debunking Misinformation about Consumer Products: Effects on
Beliefs and Purchase Behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Number = {forthcoming},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2022},
Abstract = {The prevalence of misinformation has spurred various
interested parties--regulators, the media, and competing
firms--to debunk false claims in the marketplace. This paper
studies whether such debunking messages provided by these
parties can impact consumer purchase behavior. If so, does
debunking effectively correct consumers' misinformed
beliefs--an ideal outcome from a policy-maker's
perspective--or does it merely reinforce correct beliefs, as
predicted by biased belief updating? With theory providing
contradictory predictions, we design and implement a
conjoint experiment that enables us to measure
willingness-to-pay under exposure to real-world
misinformation and debunking messages. Focusing on three
ingredients in product categories where misinformation is
prevalent (aluminum in deodorants, fluoride in toothpastes,
and GMOs in food), we find that debunking plays an important
role in mitigating the impact of misinformation. More
specifically, debunking can repair the decrease in
willingness-to-pay caused by misinformation by correcting
misbeliefs, a promising finding for policy-makers. We
discuss the incentives for firms to debunk misinformation or
to introduce new products that conform to
misinformation.},
Key = {fds358442}
}
@article{fds361831,
Author = {Cheon, H and Guo, T and Manchanda, P and Sriram, S},
Title = {The Impact of Medical Marijuana Legalization on Opioid
Prescriptions},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds361831}
}
@article{fds356946,
Author = {Guo, T and Sriram, S and Manchanda, P},
Title = {The Effect of Information Disclosure on Industry Payments to
Physicians},
Journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-140},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022243720972106},
Abstract = {<jats:p> In 2019, U.S. pharmaceutical companies paid $3.6
billion to physicians in the form of gifts to promote their
drugs. To curb inappropriate financial relationships between
health care providers and firms, several state laws require
firms to publicly declare the payments they make to
physicians. In 2013, this disclosure law was rolled out to
all 50 states. The authors investigate the causal impact of
this increased transparency on subsequent payments between
firms and physicians. While firms and physicians were
informed of the disclosure regulation at data collection,
complete transparency did not occur until the data were
published online. The authors estimate the heterogeneous
treatment effects of the online data disclosure exploiting
the phased rollout of the disclosure laws across states,
facilitated by recent advances in machine learning methods.
Using a 29-month national panel covering $100 million in
payments between 16 antidiabetic brands and 50,000
physicians, the authors find that the monthly payments
changed insignificantly, on average, due to disclosure.
However, the average null effect masks some unintended
consequences of disclosure, wherein payments may have
increased for more expensive drugs and among physicians who
prescribed more heavily. The authors further explore
potential mechanisms that can parsimoniously describe the
data pattern. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1177/0022243720972106},
Key = {fds356946}
}
@article{fds356947,
Author = {Proserpio, D and Hauser, JR and Liu, X and Amano, T and Burnap, A and Guo,
T and Lee, D and Lewis, R and Misra, K and Schwarz, E and Timoshenko, A and Xu, L and Yoganarasimhan, H},
Title = {Soul and machine (learning)},
Journal = {Marketing Letters},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {393-404},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11002-020-09538-4},
Abstract = {Machine learning is bringing us self-driving cars, medical
diagnoses, and language translation, but how can machine
learning help marketers improve marketing decisions? Machine
learning models predict extremely well, are scalable to
“big data,” and are a natural fit to analyze rich media
content, such as text, images, audio, and video. Examples of
current marketing applications include identification of
customer needs from online data, accurate prediction of
consumer response to advertising, personalized pricing, and
product recommendations. But without the human input and
insight—the soul—the applications of machine learning
are limited. To create competitive or cooperative
strategies, to generate creative product designs, to be
accurate for “what-if” and “but-for” applications,
to devise dynamic policies, to advance knowledge, to protect
consumer privacy, and avoid algorithm bias, machine learning
needs a soul. The brightest future is based on the synergy
of what the machine can do well and what humans do well. We
provide examples and predictions for the
future.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11002-020-09538-4},
Key = {fds356947}
}
@article{fds356948,
Author = {Guo, T and Sriram, S and Manchanda, P},
Title = {“Let the Sunshine In”: The Impact of Industry Payment
Disclosure on Physician Prescription Behavior},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {516-539},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2019.1181},
Abstract = {U.S. pharmaceutical companies frequently pay doctors to
promote their drugs. This has raised concerns about conflict
of interest, which policy makers have attempted to address
by introducing payment disclosure laws. However, it is
unclear if such disclosure has an effect on physician
prescription behavior. We use individual-level claims data
from a major provider of health insurance in the United
States and employ a difference-indifferences research design
to study the effect of the payment disclosure law introduced
in Massachusetts in June 2009. The research design exploits
the fact that, although physicians operating in
Massachusetts were impacted by the legislation, their
counterparts in the neighboring states of Connecticut, New
York, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island were not. In order to
keep the groups of physicians comparable, we restrict our
analysis to physicians in the counties that are on the
border of these states. We find that the Massachusetts
disclosure law resulted in a decline in prescriptions in all
three drug classes studied: statins, antidepressants, and
antipsychotics. Our findings are robust to alternative
control groups, time periods and estimation methods. We also
show that the effect is highly heterogeneous across
physician groups. Finally, we explore potential mechanisms
driving these results.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.2019.1181},
Key = {fds356948}
}
@article{fds349588,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Guo, T and Xu, Y},
Title = {Are People Overoptimistic about the Effects of Heavy
Drinking?},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-127},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Abstract = {We test whether heavy or binge drinkers are overly
optimistic about probabilities of adverse consequences from
these activities or are relatively accurate about these
probabilities. Using data from a survey in eight cities, we
evaluate the relationship between subjective beliefs and
drinking. We assess accuracy of beliefs about several
outcomes of heavy/binge drinking: reduced longevity, liver
disease onset, link between alcohol consumption and Driving
While Intoxicated (DWI), probability of an accident after
drinking, accuracy of beliefs about encountering intoxicated
drivers on the road, and legal consequences of DWI-ranging
from being stopped to receiving fines and jail terms.
Overall, there is no empirical support for the optimism bias
hypothesis. We do find that persons consuming a lot of
alcohol tend to be more overconfident about their driving
abilities and ability to handle alcohol. However, such
overconfidence does not translate into over-optimism about
consequences of high levels of alcohol consumption.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Key = {fds349588}
}
%% Hagy, Alison
@article{fds224519,
Author = {A.P. Hagy and J. Farley Ordovensky},
Title = {Immigrant Status, Race, and Institutional Choice in Higher
Education},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds224519}
}
@article{fds224521,
Author = {A.P. Hagy},
Title = {The Demand for Child Care Quality: An Hedonic Price Theory
Approach},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Year = {1998},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds224521}
}
@article{fds224520,
Author = {A.P. Hagy and David M. Blau},
Title = {The Demand for Quality in Child Care},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds224520}
}
@article{fds224522,
Author = {A.P. Hagy and William M. Gentry},
Title = {The Distributional Effects of the Tax Treatment of Child
Care Expenses},
Pages = {99-128},
Booktitle = {Empirical Foundations of Household Taxation},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Martin S. Feldstein and James M. Poterba},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds224522}
}
%% Hamilton, James T.
@article{fds198941,
Author = {Brian G. Southwell and J.T. Hamilton and Jonathan S.
Slater},
Title = {"Why Addressing the Poor and Underserved is
Vexing"},
Journal = {Health Communication},
Volume = {26},
Number = {6},
Pages = {583-585},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds198941}
}
@misc{fds198939,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {"Measuring Spillovers in Markets for Local Public Affairs
Coverage"},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Political Communication},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds198939}
}
@article{fds184161,
Author = {Sarah Cohen and J. T. Hamilton and Fred Turner},
Title = {"Computational Journalism: How Computer Scientists Can
Empower Journalists, Democracy's Watchdogs, in the
Production of News in the Public Interest"},
Journal = {Communications of the ACM},
Volume = {54},
Number = {10},
Pages = {66-71},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds184161}
}
@misc{fds184166,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {"What's the Incentive to Save Journalism?"},
Pages = {277-288},
Booktitle = {Will the Last Reporter Please Turn Out the Lights: The
Collapse of Journalism and What Can be Done to Fix
It},
Publisher = {New Press},
Editor = {Robert W. McChesney and Victor Pickard},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds184166}
}
@article{fds184164,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {The (Many) Missing Markets for International News: How News
From Abroad Sells at Home"},
Journal = {Journalism Studies},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {650-666},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184164}
}
@book{fds166834,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Conserving Data in the Conservation Reserve Program: How a
Regulatory Program Runs on Imperfect Information},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Resources for the Future
Press},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds166834}
}
@book{fds152642,
Author = {Scott de Marchi and J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {You Are What You Choose: The Habits of Mind that Really
Determine How We Make Decisions},
Publisher = {New York: Portfolio (Penguin Group)},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds152642}
}
@article{fds198942,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {News That Sells: Media Competition and News
Content},
Journal = {Japanese Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-42},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds198942}
}
@article{fds44114,
Author = {Scott de Marchi and J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Assessing the Accuracy of Self-Reported Data: An Evaluation
of the Toxics Release Inventory},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Number = {32},
Pages = {57-76},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds44114}
}
@misc{fds52090,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Environmental Equity and the Siting of Hazardous Waste
Facilities in OECD Countries: Evidence and
Policies},
Booktitle = {The Distributional Effects of Environmental
Policy..},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar and OECD},
Editor = {Yse Serret and Nick Johnstone},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds52090}
}
@book{fds29092,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Regulation Through Revelation: The Origin and Impacts of the
Toxics Release Inventory Program},
Publisher = {New York: Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds29092}
}
@misc{fds29093,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {The Market and the Media},
Booktitle = {Institutions of American Democracy: The Press},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Overholser and Jamieson},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds29093}
}
@misc{fds29094,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Environmental Equity and the Siting of Hazardous Waste
Facilities in OECD Countries: Evidence and
Policies},
Booktitle = {International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource
Economics 2005/2006},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar},
Editor = {Tietenberg and Folmer},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds29094}
}
@misc{fds29097,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Co-editor and Co-organizer for conference volume entitlted
"News in the Public Interest: A Free and Subsidized
Press"},
Publisher = {Reilly Center, Manship School of Mass Communications,
Louisiana State University},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds29097}
}
@book{fds12821,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {All the News That's Fit to Sell: How the Market Transforms
Information into News},
Publisher = {Princeton: Princeton University Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds12821}
}
@misc{fds16512,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Media Coverage of Corporate Social Responsibility},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds16512}
}
@article{fds12825,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Ted Gayer and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {The Market Value of Reducing Cancer Risk: Hedonic Housing
Prices with Changing Information},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {266-289},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds12825}
}
@article{fds12826,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Ted Gayer and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {Private Values of Risk Tradeoffs at Superfund Site: Housing
Market Evidence on Learning about Risk},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3},
Pages = {439-451},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds12826}
}
@book{fds16514,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Channeling Violence: The Economic Market for Violent
Television Programming},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press, paperback edition},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds16514}
}
@article{fds12829,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Kip Viscusi},
Title = {How Costly is 'Clean'?: An Analysis of the Benefits and
Costs of Superfund Site Remediations},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-27},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds12829}
}
@article{fds12827,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {Are Risk Regulators Rational? Evidence From Hazardous Waste
Cleanup Decisions},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {89},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1010-1027},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds12827}
}
@article{fds12828,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Exercising Property Rights to Pollute: Do Cancer Risks and
Politics Affect Plant Emission Reductions?},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {105-124},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds12828}
}
@book{fds12822,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {Calculating Risks? The Spatial and Political Dimensions of
Hazardous Waste Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: MIT Press},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds12822}
}
@book{fds12824,
Title = {Television Violence and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press},
Editor = {J. T. Hamilton},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds12824}
}
@book{fds12823,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Channeling Violence: The Economic Market for Violent
Television Programming},
Publisher = {Princeton: Princeton University Press},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds12823}
}
@article{fds38637,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi and P. Christen
Dockins},
Title = {Conservative versus Mean Risk Assessments: Implications for
Superfund Policies},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {187-206},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds38637}
}
@article{fds38636,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Taxes, Torts, and the Toxics Release Inventory:
Congressional Voting on Instruments to Control
Pollution},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {745-762},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds38636}
}
@article{fds38638,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {The Benefits and Costs of Regulatory Reforms for
Superfund},
Journal = {Stanford Environmental Law Journal},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-198},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds38638}
}
@article{fds38640,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {Cleaning Up Superfund},
Journal = {The Public Interest},
Volume = {124},
Pages = {52-60},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds38640}
}
@article{fds38641,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Helen F. Ladd},
Title = {Biased Ballots? The Impact of Ballot Structure on North
Carolina Elections in 1992},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {259-280},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds38641}
}
@article{fds38643,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and John Brehm},
Title = {Noncompliance in Environmental Reporting: Are Violators
Ignorant, or Evasive, of the Law?},
Journal = {American Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {444-477},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds38643}
}
@article{fds38639,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Private Interests in 'Public Interest' Programming: An
Economic Assessment of Broadcaster Incentives},
Journal = {Duke Law Journal},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1177-1192},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds38639}
}
@misc{fds38642,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Going by the *(Informal) Book: The EPA's Use of Informal
Rules in Enforcing Hazardous Waste Laws},
Pages = {109-155},
Booktitle = {Reinventing Government and The Problem of
Bureaucracy},
Publisher = {Greenwich, CT: JAI Press},
Editor = {Gary Libecap},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds38642}
}
@article{fds38644,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Testing for Environmental Racism: Prejudice, Profits,
Political Power?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-132},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds38644}
}
@article{fds38645,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Pollution as News: Media and Stock Market Reactions to the
Toxics Release Inventory Data},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {98-113},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds38645}
}
@misc{fds38651,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Special editor and organizer for conference volume entitled
"Regulating Regulation: The Political Economy of
Administrative Procedures and Regulatory
Instruments},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {57},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds38651}
}
@article{fds38646,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and W. Kip Viscusi},
Title = {Human Health Risk Assessments for Superfund},
Journal = {Ecology Law Quarterly},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {573-641},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds38646}
}
@article{fds38647,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Christopher H. Schroeder},
Title = {Strategic Regulators and the Choice of Rulemaking
Procedures: The Selection of Formal and Informal Rules in
Regulating Hazardous Waste},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {111-160},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds38647}
}
@article{fds38648,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Politics and Social Costs: Estimating the Impact of
Collective Action on Hazardous Waste Facilities},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {101-125},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds38648}
}
@misc{fds38650,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Victor Hasselblad},
Title = {The Toxics Release Inventory: Information Provision and
Pollution Reduction},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds38650}
}
@misc{fds38649,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Frederick Mayer},
Title = {Hazardous Waste in North Carolina},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds38649}
}
@article{fds18949,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Lower Pay for Analysis: Greater Rewards are Offered Those
Writing Economics from Human Interest and Political
Viewpoints},
Journal = {Nieman Reports},
Volume = {XLV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds18949}
}
@misc{fds18950,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Politics and Social Cost: Hazardous Waste Facilities in a
Truly Coasian World},
Journal = {Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs Working
Paper},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds18950}
}
@article{fds18948,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton},
Title = {Missing and the Mark(et) in Siting Hazardous Waste
Facilities},
Journal = {Duke Environmental Law and Policy Forum},
Volume = {I},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds18948}
}
@book{fds18951,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Charles Brown and James
Medoff},
Title = {Employers Large and Small},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds18951}
}
@misc{fds18953,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Henry Lee},
Title = {Rapporteur's Report: Executive Session on Northeast Electric
Power Policy},
Journal = {Discussion Paper Series},
Publisher = {Energy and Environmental Policy Center, Kennedy School of
Government},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds18953}
}
@book{fds18952,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Joseph P. Kalt},
Title = {The FACS/Ford Study of Economic and Business
Journalism},
Publisher = {Los Angeles: Foundation for American Communications and the
Ford Foundation},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds18952}
}
@misc{fds18954,
Author = {J.T. Hamilton and Joseph P. Kalt and Henry
Lee},
Title = {A Review of the Adequacy of Electric Power Generating
Capacity in the United States, 1985-93-Beyond},
Journal = {Discussion Paper Series},
Publisher = {Discussion Paper Series, Energy and Environmental Policy
Center, Kennedy School of Government},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds18954}
}
%% Hamoudi, Amar
@article{fds266694,
Author = {JB Dowd and A Hamoudi},
Title = {Life Expectancy and Education.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {105},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e1},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2014.302320},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2014.302320},
Key = {fds266694}
}
@article{fds266695,
Author = {JB Dowd and A Hamoudi},
Title = {Is life expectancy really falling for groups of low
socio-economic status? Lagged selection bias and artefactual
trends in mortality.},
Journal = {International journal of epidemiology},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {983-988},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0300-5771},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu120},
Doi = {10.1093/ije/dyu120},
Key = {fds266695}
}
@article{fds266696,
Author = {A Hamoudi and J Nobles},
Title = {Do daughters really cause divorce? Stress, pregnancy, and
family composition.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1423-1449},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0305-x},
Abstract = {Provocative studies have reported that in the United States,
marriages producing firstborn daughters are more likely to
divorce than those producing firstborn sons. The findings
have been interpreted as contemporary evidence of fathers'
son preference. Our study explores the potential role of
another set of dynamics that may drive these patterns:
namely, selection into live birth. Epidemiological evidence
indicates that the characteristic female survival advantage
may begin before birth. If stress accompanying unstable
marriages has biological effects on fecundity, a female
survival advantage could generate an association between
stability and the sex composition of offspring. Combining
regression and simulation techniques to analyze real-world
data, we ask, How much of the observed association between
sex of the firstborn child and risk of divorce could
plausibly be accounted for by the joint effects of female
survival advantage and reduced fecundity associated with
unstable marriage? Using data from the National Longitudinal
Survey of Youth (NLSY79), we find that relationship conflict
predicts the sex of children born after conflict was
measured; conflict also predicts subsequent divorce.
Conservative specification of parameters linking pregnancy
characteristics, selection into live birth, and divorce are
sufficient to generate a selection-driven association
between offspring sex and divorce, which is consequential in
magnitude. Our findings illustrate the value of demographic
accounting of processes which occur before birth-a period
when many outcomes of central interest in the population
sciences begin to take shape.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0305-x},
Key = {fds266696}
}
@article{fds224101,
Author = {A Hamoudi and J Nobles},
Title = {Do Daughters Really Cause Divorce? Stress, pregnancy, and
family composition},
Journal = {Demography},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Provocative studies have reported that in the United States,
marriages producing firstborn daughters are more likely to
divorce than those producing firstborn sons. The findings
have been interpreted as contemporary evidence of fathers'
son-preference. Our study explores the potential role of
another set of dynamics that may drive these
patterns--namely, selection into live birth. Epidemiological
evidence indicates that the characteristic female survival
advantage may begin before birth. If stress accompanying
unstable marriages has biological effects on fecundity, a
female survival advantage could generate an association
between stability and the sex composition of offspring.
Combining regression and simulation techniques to analyze
real-world data, we ask: "How much of the observed
association between sex of the firstborn child and risk of
divorce could plausibly be accounted for by the joint
effects of female survival advantage and reduced fecundity
associated with unstable marriage?" Using data from the
NLSY-79, we find that relationship conflict predicts the sex
of children born after conflict was measured; conflict also
predicts subsequent divorce. Conservative specification of
parameters linking pregnancy characteristics, selection into
live birth, and divorce are sufficient to generate a
selection-driven association between offspring sex and
divorce which is consequential in magnitude. Our findings
illustrate the value of demographic accounting of processes
which occur before birth-- a period when many outcomes of
central interest in the population sciences begin to take
shape.},
Key = {fds224101}
}
@misc{fds266697,
Author = {A Hamoudi and D Thomas},
Title = {Endogenous coresidence and program incidence: South Africa's
Old Age Pension.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {2014},
Pages = {30-37},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.03.002},
Abstract = {We investigate whether living arrangements respond to an
arguably exogenous shift in the distribution of power in
family economic decision-making. In the early 1990s, the
South African Old Age Pension was expanded to cover most
black South Africans above a sex-specific age cut-off
resulting in a substantial increase in the income of older
South Africans and potentially their say in the economic
decisions of their families. Beneficiaries of the program
are more likely to coreside with adults who have less human
capital as measured by height and education. Since height
and education are fixed for adults, this cannot be an effect
of the pension income but reflects selective changes in
living arrangements resulting from the pension. The findings
highlight the endogeneity of living arrangements and
illustrate the potential value of moving beyond theory and
data that are confined to a spatially determined definition
of the household.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.03.002},
Key = {fds266697}
}
@misc{fds303099,
Author = {A Hamoudi and A Sanchez and S Cueto and S Krutikova and MA
Sheridan},
Title = {“Cognitive Skills and Human Capital in Development: How do
innovations in measurement enhance the picture?”},
Journal = {manual},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {In recent years, technological change has presented a
valuable opportunity for innovation in the measurement of
cognitive skills in large population based samples. We
developed a suite of laboratory-validated cognitive skills
assessments administered on touchscreen tablet PCs, and
deployed them on a population-based sample of over 1800
Peruvian children aged 12-14 years, as part of the fourth
wave of an ongoing panel survey called the Young Lives study
(YL). Assessments were based on paradigms that are well
established in cognitive neuroscience and cognitive
psychology, and were specifically designed to be domain
general (that is, to require no prior exposure to knowledge
from any specific subject area). In this paper, we focus on
two cognitive skills in particular– working memory and
long term memory. Although both skills are referred to with
the word “memory,” they are physiologically distinct and
likely represent distinct forms of human capital. We
investigate three questions: First, do these laboratory
validated assessments identify skill variation, even in
children who may be very unfamiliar with touchscreen tablet
computers or other aspects of the assessment paradigm?
Second, to what extent does performance on domain specific
subject tests provide a good basis to infer these domain
general skills? And third, does having direct measures of
working memory and long term memory provide insights into
human capital roles that these two skills might
play?},
Key = {fds303099}
}
@article{fds224102,
Author = {Hamoudi, Amar and Jennifer Beam Dowd},
Title = {'Light from a Distant Star': Lagged selection bias and
artifactual trends in mortality},
Journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Recent public health studies have made headlines by
reporting that for some disadvantaged U.S. subpopulations,
mortality rates are higher and life expectancy lower today
than in the past. In misleading syntax, this pattern has
been described as a “fall” or “decline” in life
expectancy. We illustrate how this important syntactic
choice is akin to comparing average temperatures for the
entire U.S in 1990 to only those for Alaska in 2010, and
describing the difference as a “decline.” We argue that
it is long past time to examine an alternative—and
arguably more plausible—interpretation of these patterns.
We explicate dynamics underlying what we call “Lagged
Selection Bias” (LSB). Drawing on a real-world example, we
illustrate why comparing the same measure at two points in
time in the presence of LSB does not actually identify a
trend. Specifically, if there are large and stable social
disparities in health, life expectancy in a more
disadvantaged group can be lower in 2010 than in 1990-- even
though everyone lives longer in the later period. We urge
greater caution for researchers interpreting changes in
period measures stratified by subgroups whose composition is
changing, and discuss approaches to managing the
problem.},
Key = {fds224102}
}
@article{fds224106,
Author = {Hamoudi, Amar and Santiago Cueto and Sofya Krutikova and Alan
Sanchez and and Margaret Sheridan},
Title = {Cognitive Skills and Early Life Conditions in a Developing
Country Context: How do innovations in measurement enhance
the picture?},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {In recent years, technological change has presented a
valuable opportunity for innovation in the measurement of
cognitive skills in large population based samples. We
developed a suite of laboratory-validated cognitive skills
assessments administered on touchscreen tablet PCs, and
deployed them on a population-based sample of over 1800
Peruvian children aged 12-14 years, as part of the fourth
wave of an ongoing panel survey called the Young Lives study
(YL). Assessments were based on paradigms that are well
established in cognitive neuroscience and cognitive
psychology, and were specifically designed to be domain
general (that is, to require no prior exposure to knowledge
from any specific subject area). In this paper, we focus on
two cognitive skills in particular-- working memory and long
term memory. Although both skills are referred to with the
word “memory,” they are physiologically distinct and
likely represent distinct forms of human capital. We
investigate three questions: First, do these laboratory
validated assessments identify skill variation, even in
children who may be very unfamiliar with touchscreen tablet
computers or other aspects of the assessment paradigm?
Second, to what extent does performance on domain specific
subject tests provide a good basis to infer these domain
general skills? And third, does having direct measures of
working memory and long term memory provide insights into
human capital roles that these two skills might
play?},
Key = {fds224106}
}
@article{fds266698,
Author = {A Hamoudi and JB Dowd},
Title = {Housing wealth, psychological well-being, and cognitive
functioning of older Americans.},
Journal = {J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-262},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336844},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Economic security around retirement age may be
an important determinant of psychological and cognitive
well-being of older adults. This study examines the impact
of the dramatic increase in housing prices from the
mid-1990s to the mid-2000s on psychological and cognitive
outcomes among Americans born between 1924 and 1960. METHOD:
Our quasi-experimental empirical strategy exploits
geographic differences in housing market price trends during
the housing boom (from the mid-1990s until 2006). We use
individual-level data from the Health and Retirement Study
(HRS) and estimates of housing values from DataQuick, a
California-based real estate consultancy firm, to estimate
the association of housing price increases with
psychological and cognitive outcomes at follow-up. RESULTS:
Greater housing appreciation over the follow-up period was
associated with a significantly lower risk of anxiety (for
women) and an improved performance on some but not all
cognitive tasks. Effects for depressive symptoms, positive
and negative affect, and life satisfaction were all in the
beneficial direction but not statistically significant. The
effects of price run-ups were concentrated on homeowners, as
opposed to renters, suggestive of wealth-driven effects.
DISCUSSION: Housing market volatility may influence the
psychological and cognitive health of older adults,
highlighting potential health consequences of pro-home
ownership policies, which may be especially important in
light of recent dramatic housing price declines.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbt114},
Key = {fds266698}
}
@article{fds220800,
Author = {A Hamoudi and JB Dowd},
Title = {Housing Wealth, Psychological Well-being, and Cognitive
Functioning of Older Americans},
Journal = {The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological
Sciences and Social Sciences},
Volume = {Forthcoming},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336844},
Key = {fds220800}
}
@misc{fds266700,
Author = {A Hamoudi and JB Dowd},
Title = {Physical health effects of the housing "boom":
quasi-experimental evidence from the U.S. Health and
Retirement Study},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
Abstract = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23597343},
Key = {fds266700}
}
@misc{fds266701,
Author = {A Hamoudi and M Jeuland and S Lombardo and S Patil and SK Pattanayak and S Rai},
Title = {The effect of water quality testing on household behavior:
evidence from an experiment in rural India.},
Journal = {Am J Trop Med Hyg},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-22},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-9637},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22764286},
Abstract = {How does specific information about contamination in a
household's drinking water affect water handling behavior?
We randomly split a sample of households in rural Andhra
Pradesh, India. The treatment group observed a contamination
test of the drinking water in their own household storage
vessel; while they were waiting for their results, they were
also provided with a list of actions that they could take to
remedy contamination if they tested positive. The control
group received no test or guidance. The drinking water of
nearly 90% of tested households showed evidence of
contamination by fecal bacteria. They reacted by purchasing
more of their water from commercial sources but not by
making more time-intensive adjustments. Providing salient
evidence of risk increases demand for commercial clean
water.},
Doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0051},
Key = {fds266701}
}
@article{fds213703,
Author = {Hamoudi, A. and Frankenberg, E. and Sumantri, C. and Thomas,
D.},
Title = {Impact of the December 2004 Earthquake and Tsunami on Birth
Outcomes in Aceh, Indonesia},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {On December 26, 2004, a massive undersea earthquake sent a
trillion tons of water crashing into the coasts of south and
southeast Asia, Africa, and Australia. The Indonesian
province of Aceh, being closest to the epicenter, was
especially hard hit. We use retrospective birth histories
collected as part of a unique longitudinal survey conducted
in the aftermath of the tsunami to explore the impact of the
disaster on birth outcomes to surviving women. We find
evidence that the disaster affected the availability of
prenatal and obstetric services, but no evidence that it had
any impact on fetal development as indicated by measured
birthweight or the size of the newborn as assessed by the
mother.},
Key = {fds213703}
}
@misc{fds266702,
Author = {A Hamoudi},
Title = {Exploring the causal machinery behind sex ratios at birth:
does hepatitis B play a role?},
Journal = {Econ Dev Cult Change},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-22},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20821891},
Abstract = {The causal machinery underlying sex determination is
directly relevant to many questions relating gender and
family composition to social and economic outcomes. In
recent work, Oster highlighted a correlation between
parental hepatitis B carrier status and sex of the child.
One of her analyses went further, speaking directly to
causality. That analysis appeared to have answered an
important question that had remained unresolved in medical
and biological literatures—namely, does chronic infection
with hepatitis B cause male‐skewed sex ratios at birth?
Oster’s creative empirical analysis appeared to suggest
that it does; however, in this article I reassess the result
and present evidence that, at the very least, the question
remains open. Further investigation into questions around
the causal machinery of sex determination is warranted in
the social science literature, as well as in that of biology
and medicine. However, my results suggest that it is
extremely unlikely that chronic hepatitis B infection plays
a biologically significant role.},
Key = {fds266702}
}
@article{fds266699,
Author = {A Hamoudi and N Birdsall},
Title = {AIDS and the accumulation and utilisation of human capital
in Africa},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ECONOMIES},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {96-136},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0963-8024},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000223760700005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266699}
}
%% Harding, Matthew C.
@article{fds266704,
Author = {C Wang and B Jin and ZD Bai and KK Nair and M Harding},
Title = {Strong limit of the extreme eigenvalues of a symmetrized
auto-cross covariance matrix},
Journal = {The Annals of Applied Probability},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {3624-3683},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1050-5164},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AAP1092},
Doi = {10.1214/14-AAP1092},
Key = {fds266704}
}
@article{fds303101,
Author = {MC Harding and J Hausman},
Title = {Finite Sample Bias Corrections for IV Estimation with Weak
and Many Instruments},
Journal = {manual},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds303101}
}
@article{fds303102,
Author = {MC Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {Penalized Forecasting in Panel Data Models: Predicting
Household Electricity Demand from Smart Meter
Data},
Journal = {manual},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds303102}
}
@misc{fds303100,
Author = {MC Harding},
Title = {Exogenous Growth Theory},
Journal = {manual},
Booktitle = {Macroeconomics: Imperfections, Institutions and
Policies},
Editor = {W Carlin and D Soskice},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds303100}
}
@article{fds302288,
Author = {M Burda and M Harding and J Hausman},
Title = {A Bayesian Semiparametric Competing Risk Model with
Unobserved Heterogeneity},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-376},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2368},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.2368},
Key = {fds302288}
}
@article{fds266712,
Author = {M Burda and M Harding},
Title = {Environmental Justice: Evidence from Superfund cleanup
durations},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization},
Volume = {107},
Pages = {380-401},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.04.028},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2014.04.028},
Key = {fds266712}
}
@article{fds266713,
Author = {M Harding and A Hsiaw},
Title = {Goal setting and energy conservation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization},
Volume = {107},
Pages = {209-227},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.04.012},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2014.04.012},
Key = {fds266713}
}
@article{fds266718,
Author = {MC Pachucki and MF Lovenheim and M Harding},
Title = {Within-Family Obesity Associations},
Journal = {American Journal of Preventive Medicine},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {382-391},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0749-3797},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.018},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.018},
Key = {fds266718}
}
@article{fds302287,
Author = {M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {A Hausman–Taylor instrumental variable approach to the
penalized estimation of quantile panel models},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {124},
Number = {2},
Pages = {176-179},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2014.05.009},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2014.05.009},
Key = {fds302287}
}
@article{fds266703,
Author = {B Jin and C Wang and ZD Bai and KK Nair and M Harding},
Title = {Limiting spectral distribution of a symmetrized auto-cross
covariance matrix},
Journal = {The Annals of Applied Probability},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1199-1225},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1050-5164},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP945},
Doi = {10.1214/13-AAP945},
Key = {fds266703}
}
@article{fds266705,
Author = {M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {Estimating and testing a quantile regression model with
interactive effects},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {178},
Pages = {101-113},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.08.010},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.08.010},
Key = {fds266705}
}
@article{fds266717,
Author = {M Harding and E Leibtag and MF Lovenheim},
Title = {The Heterogeneous Geographic and Socioeconomic Incidence of
Cigarette Taxes: Evidence from Nielsen Homescan
Data},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {169-198},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1945-7731},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.4.4.169},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.4.4.169},
Key = {fds266717}
}
@article{fds266706,
Author = {M Burda and M Harding},
Title = {PANEL PROBIT WITH FLEXIBLE CORRELATED EFFECTS: QUANTIFYING
TECHNOLOGY SPILLOVERS IN THE PRESENCE OF LATENT
HETEROGENEITY},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2285},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.2285},
Key = {fds266706}
}
@article{fds266714,
Author = {K Gillingham and M Harding and D Rapson},
Title = {Split Incentives in Residential Energy Consumption},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10730 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.5547/01956574.33.2.3},
Key = {fds266714}
}
@article{fds266719,
Author = {M Burda and M Harding and J Hausman},
Title = {A Poisson mixture model of discrete choice},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {166},
Number = {2},
Pages = {184-203},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.09.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.09.001},
Key = {fds266719}
}
@article{fds302286,
Author = {M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {Quantile regression estimation of panel duration models with
censored data},
Journal = {Advances in Econometrics},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {237-267},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0731-9053},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0731-9053(2012)0000029014},
Abstract = {This paper studies the estimation of quantile regression
panel duration models. We allow for the possibility of
endogenous covariates and correlated individual effects in
the quantile regression models. We propose a quantile
regression approach for panel duration models under
conditionally independent censoring. The procedure involves
minimizing ℓ1 convex objective functions and is motivated
by a martingale property associated with survival data
inmodelswith endogenous covariates.Wecarry out a series of
Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the small sample
performance of the proposed approach in comparison with
other existing methods. An empirical application of the
method to the analysis of the effect of unemployment
insurance on unemployment duration illustrates the approach.
Copyright © 2012 by Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0731-9053(2012)0000029014},
Key = {fds302286}
}
@article{fds266716,
Author = {M Alexander and M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {Quantifying the impact of economic crises on infant
mortality in advanced economies},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {24},
Pages = {3313-3323},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-6846},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840903559620},
Doi = {10.1080/00036840903559620},
Key = {fds266716}
}
@article{fds266707,
Author = {M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {Least squares estimation of a panel data model with
multifactor error structure and endogenous
covariates},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {111},
Number = {3},
Pages = {197-199},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2011.02.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2011.02.001},
Key = {fds266707}
}
@article{fds266709,
Author = {M Harding and C Lamarche},
Title = {A quantile regression approach for estimating panel data
models using instrumental variables},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {104},
Number = {3},
Pages = {133-135},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2009.04.025},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2009.04.025},
Key = {fds266709}
}
@article{fds266715,
Author = {M Frakes and M Harding},
Title = {The Deterrent Effect of Death Penalty Eligibility: Evidence
from the Adoption of Child Murder Eligibility
Factors},
Journal = {American Law and Economics Review},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {451-497},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1465-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahp021},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahp021},
Key = {fds266715}
}
@article{fds266708,
Author = {M Burda and M Harding and J Hausman},
Title = {A Bayesian mixed logit–probit model for multinomial
choice},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {147},
Number = {2},
Pages = {232-246},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.09.029},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.09.029},
Key = {fds266708}
}
@article{fds266710,
Author = {MC Harding},
Title = {Explaining the single factor bias of arbitrage pricing
models in finite samples},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-88},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2007.06.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2007.06.001},
Key = {fds266710}
}
@article{fds302285,
Author = {L Jimenez and MC Harding and M Lintell},
Title = {The impact of economic and demographic dispersion on
aggregate mail volumes},
Journal = {Competition and Regulation in the Postal and Delivery
Sector},
Pages = {74-88},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds302285}
}
@article{fds266711,
Author = {MC Harding and J Hausman},
Title = {USING A LAPLACE APPROXIMATION TO ESTIMATE THE RANDOM
COEFFICIENTS LOGIT MODEL BY NONLINEAR LEAST
SQUARES*},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1311-1328},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00463.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00463.x},
Key = {fds266711}
}
%% He, Yuxuan
@article{fds359086,
Author = {Chen, Z and He, Y and Liu, Z and Xu, DY and Serrato,
JCS},
Title = {The structure of business taxation in China},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {131-177},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/713495},
Abstract = {This paper documents facts about the structure of business
taxation in China using administrative tax data from 2007 to
2011 from the State Taxation Administration.We first
document the importance of different business taxes across
industries. Although corporate income taxes play an
important role for manufacturing firms, these firms also
remit a large share of their tax payments through the
value-added tax system, through the excise tax system, and
through payroll taxes. Gross receipts taxes play an
important role for firms in other industries, leading to
spillovers that may affect the overall economy. Second, we
evaluate whether the structure of China’s tax revenue
matches its stage of development. A crosscountry comparison
of sources of government revenue shows that China collects a
high share of tax revenue fromtaxes on goods and services
and a high share of income tax on corporations. Finally, we
study whether firmlevel differences in effective tax rates
can be an important source of allocative
inefficiencies.Decomposing the variation in effective tax
rates across firms, we find that government policies,
including loss carry-forward provisions and preferential
policies for regional, foreign, small, and high-tech firms,
have significant explanatory power. Nonetheless, although
effective tax rates vary along a number of dimensions, tax
policy does not explain the large dispersion in the returns
to factors of production across firms.},
Doi = {10.1086/713495},
Key = {fds359086}
}
%% Heim, Bradley T.
@article{fds28491,
Author = {Bradley T. Heim and Bruce D. Meyer},
Title = {Work Costs and Nonconvex Preferences in the Estimation of
Labor Supply Models},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {2323-2338},
Year = {2004},
Keywords = {Labor Supply Taxation Structural Estimation},
Abstract = {Works costs have not been adequately handled in labor supply
estimation, likely due to their complexity. We show that, if
work costs are not accounted for in the budget and time
constraints in a structural labor supply model, they will be
subsumed into the data generating preferences. Even if
underlying preferences over consumption and leisure are
convex, the presence of unobservable work costs can make
these preferences appear nonconvex. However, we show that,
under plausible conditions, policy relevant calculations,
such as estimates of the effect of tax changes on labor
supply and deadweight loss measures, are not affected by the
fact that estimated preferences incorporate work
costs.},
Key = {fds28491}
}
@article{fds14243,
Author = {Bradley T. Heim},
Title = {Does Child Support Enforcement Reduce Divorce Rates? A
Reexamination},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {773-791},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14243}
}
@misc{fds10901,
Author = {B. Heim and Bruce D. Meyer},
Title = {"Structural Labor Supply Models when Budget Constraints are
Nonlinear"},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds10901}
}
@misc{fds10902,
Author = {B. Heim and Bruce D. Meyer},
Title = {"Work Costs and Nonconvex Preferences in the Estimation of
Labor Supply Models"},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds10902}
}
%% Highkin, Emily
@article{fds372766,
Author = {de Soyres, F and Frohm, E and Highkin, E and Mix,
C},
Title = {Forward Looking Exporters},
Journal = {International Finance Discussion Paper},
Number = {1377},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2023.1377},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This paper studies the role of expectations in
driving export adjustment. We assemble bilateral data on
spot exchange rates, one year ahead exchange rate forecasts
and HS2-product export data for 11 exporting countries and
64 destinations, covering the 2006–2014 period. Results
from fixed effects regressions and an instrumental variables
approach show that expectations of exchange rate changes are
an important channel for export adjustment. A one percent
expected exchange rate depreciation over the next year is
associated with a 0.96 percent increase in the extensive
margin (entry of new exporters) in the 2SLS regression, with
statistically insignificant effects on total exports or the
intensive margin. We provide intuition for these findings
with a simple model with heterogeneous firms and sticky
prices, and use our model to discuss the implications of
anticipation for subsequent export growth and trade
elasticity measurement.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/ifdp.2023.1377},
Key = {fds372766}
}
@article{fds372767,
Author = {Highkin, E and Van Leemput and E},
Title = {Economic Resilience in the COVID-19 Pandemic},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Number = {2022/07/01},
Pages = {None-None},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3060},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The global spread of COVID-19 virus in early 2020,
and the measures taken to contain it pushed the global
economy into a deep contraction. As illustrated in Figure 1,
global GDP fell 10.5 percent below its pre-pandemic level in
the second quarter of 2020.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.3060},
Key = {fds372767}
}
@article{fds372768,
Author = {de Soyres, F and Frohm, E and Highkin, E and Mix,
C},
Title = {Forward Looking Exporters},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2021},
Number = {2998},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.2983},
Abstract = {<ns2:p>Economic textbooks outline a simple relationship
between movements in a country’s exchange rate and its
export volumes. When the exporter’s currency depreciates,
export volumes are expected to increase due to
competitiveness gains in foreign markets.</ns2:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.2983},
Key = {fds372768}
}
%% Hoffman, Michael E.
@article{fds26511,
Author = {Michael E. S. Hoffman},
Title = {Tariffs, Tax Regimes, and Economic Development: A Political
Economy Approach},
Journal = {Journal of International Business and Economics},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26511}
}
%% Hong, Han
@article{fds27677,
Author = {H. Hong and Patrick Bajari and Stephen Ryan},
Title = {Identification and Estimation of Normal Form
Games},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27677}
}
@article{fds27678,
Author = {H. Hong and Xiaohong Chen and Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Semiparametric Efficiency in Models of Nonclassical
Measurement Errors and Missing Data},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27678}
}
@article{fds14320,
Author = {H. Hong and E. Tamer},
Title = {A Simple Estimator for Nonlinear Error in Variable
Models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {117},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-19},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds14320}
}
@article{fds14321,
Author = {H. Hong and V. Chernozhukov},
Title = {An MCMC Approach to Classical Estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {115},
Number = {2},
Pages = {293--346},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds14321}
}
@article{fds14322,
Author = {H. Hong and E. Tamer},
Title = {Endogenous Binary Choice Model with Median
Restrictions},
Journal = {Economics-Letters},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219--225},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds14322}
}
@article{fds14323,
Author = {H. Hong and E. Tamer},
Title = {Inference in Censored Models with Endogenous
Regressors},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {905-32},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds14323}
}
@article{fds14324,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Econometric Models of Asymmetric Ascending
Auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {112},
Number = {2},
Pages = {327--58},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds14324}
}
@article{fds14329,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Rates of information aggregation in common value
auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14329}
}
@article{fds14330,
Author = {H. Hong and V. Chernozhukov},
Title = {Likelihood Inference and Estimation for a Class of
Nonregular Econometric Models},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14330}
}
@article{fds14331,
Author = {H. Hong and B. Preston and M. Shum},
Title = {Generalized Empirical Likelihood based Model Selection
Criteria for Moment Based Models},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14331}
}
@article{fds14332,
Author = {H. Hong and O. Scaillet},
Title = {A fast subsampling method for nonlinear dynamic
models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14332}
}
@article{fds14334,
Author = {X. Chen and H. Hong and E. Tamer},
Title = {Measurement Error Models with Auxiliary Data},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14334}
}
@article{fds14335,
Author = {P. Haile and H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Nonparametric Tests for Common Values in First-Price
Sealed-Bid Auctions},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14335}
}
@article{fds27675,
Author = {H. Hong and V. Chernozhukov and E. Tamer},
Title = {Parameter Set Inference in a Class of Econometric
Models},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds27675}
}
@article{fds27676,
Author = {H. Hong and Xiaohong Chen and Matthew Shum},
Title = {Nonparametric Likelihood Model Selection Tests for
Parametric versus Moment Condition Models},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds27676}
}
@article{fds14327,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Increasing Competition and the Winner's Curse: Evidence from
Procurement},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {69},
Number = {4},
Pages = {871--98},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds14327}
}
@article{fds14328,
Author = {H. Hong and V. Chernozhukov},
Title = {Three-Step Censored Quantile Regression and Extramarital
Affairs},
Journal = {Journal-of-the-American-Statistical-Association},
Volume = {97},
Number = {459},
Pages = {872-82},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds14328}
}
@misc{fds14333,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Structural Estimation of Auction Models},
Series = {Annals of operations research, 0254-5330 ; v.
109},
Booktitle = {Game Practice},
Publisher = {Boston : Kluwer Academic,},
Editor = {García-Jurado, I. (Ignacio) and García-Jurado, I. (Ignacio) and Tijs, Stef},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds14333}
}
@article{fds27673,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {Can Search Costs Rationalize Equilibrium Price Dispersion in
Online Markets},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds27673}
}
@article{fds27674,
Author = {H. Hong and P. Haile and M. Shum},
Title = {Nonparametric Tests for Common Values in First-Price
Auctions},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds27674}
}
@article{fds27679,
Author = {H. Hong and M. Shum},
Title = {A Semiparametric Estimator for Dynamic Optimization Models,
with an Application to a Milk},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds27679}
}
%% Hoover, Kevin D.
@article{fds373365,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Svorenčík, A},
Title = {Who Runs the AEA?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1127-1171},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221667},
Abstract = {The leadership structure of the American Economic
Association is documented using a biographical database
covering every officer and losing candidate for AEA offices
from 1950 to 2019. The analysis focuses on institutional
affiliations by education and employment. The structure is
strongly hierarchical. A few institutions dominate the
leadership, and their dominance has become markedly stronger
over time. Broadly two types of explanations are explored:
that institutional dominance is based on academic merit or
that it is based on self-perpetuating privilege. Network
effects that might explain the dynamic of increasing
concentration are also investigated.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20221667},
Key = {fds373365}
}
@article{fds360551,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The struggle for the soul of macroeconomics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {80-89},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350178X.2021.2010281},
Abstract = {Critics argued that the 2007–09 financial crisis was
failure of macroeconomics, locating its source in the
dynamic, stochastic general-equilibrium model and calling
for fundamental re-orientation of the field. Critics
exaggerated the role of DSGE models in actual policymaking,
and DSGE modelers addressed some criticisms within the DSGE
framework. But DSGE modelers oversold their success and even
claimed that their approach is the sine qua non of competent
macroeconomics. The DSGE modelers and their critics renew an
old debate over the relative priority of a priori theory and
empirical data, classically exemplified in the Measurement
without Theory Debate of the 1940s between the Cowles
Commission and the National Bureau of Economic Research. The
earlier debate is reviewed for its implications for the
recent controversy. In adopting the Cowles-Commission
position, some DSGE modelers would essentially
straight-jacket macroeconomics and undermine economic
science and the pursuit of knowledge in an open-minded, yet
critical framework.},
Doi = {10.1080/1350178X.2021.2010281},
Key = {fds360551}
}
@article{fds370306,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Models, truth, and analytic inference in
economics},
Pages = {119-144},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003266051-11},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003266051-11},
Key = {fds370306}
}
@article{fds355665,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Erratum to: Hoover, k.d. 2020. the discovery of long-run
causal order: A preliminary investigation. econometrics 8:
31},
Journal = {Econometrics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics9010007},
Abstract = {The author would like to make the following correction to
the article by Hoover (2020): The symbol “↦”, first
defined as “is weakly exogenous for” in the first line
of the third paragraph of Section 4.3, was inadvertently and
systematically converted in production to the symbol
“α”. Every instance in which symbol “α” is used to
denote weak exogeneity should be changed to “↦”. The
Editorial Office would like to apologize for any
inconvenience caused to the readers by this change. The
change does not affect the scientific results. The
manuscript will be updated and the original will remain
online on the article webpage.},
Doi = {10.3390/econometrics9010007},
Key = {fds355665}
}
@article{fds351431,
Author = {Wible, JR and Hoover, KD},
Title = {The economics of trade liberalization: Charles S. Peirce and
the Spanish Treaty of 1884},
Journal = {European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {229-248},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672567.2020.1805483},
Abstract = {In the 1870 s and 1880 s, the scientist, logician, and
pragmatist philosopher Charles S. Peirce possessed an
advanced knowledge of mathematical economics, having
mastered and criticised Cournot as early as 1871. In 1884 he
engaged in a multi-round debate with the editors of The
Nation over the economics of trade liberalisation in the
case of a proposed trade treaty with Spain concerning import
tariffs on Cuban and Puerto Rican sugar. While the
mathematical underpinings of Peirce’s intervention in the
debate are not explicit, they are evident in light of
Peirce’s unpublished writing on Cournot. The debate is
reconstructed and related carefully both to Peirce’s
understanding of mathematical economics and to his
philosophy of science. Peirce’s intervention is one of the
earliest intricate applications of mathematical economics to
public policy.},
Doi = {10.1080/09672567.2020.1805483},
Key = {fds351431}
}
@article{fds352545,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The discovery of long-run causal order: A preliminary
investigation},
Journal = {Econometrics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-24},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics8030031},
Abstract = {The relation between causal structure and cointegration and
long-run weak exogeneity is explored using some ideas drawn
from the literature on graphical causal modeling. It is
assumed that the fundamental source of trending behavior is
transmitted from exogenous (and typically latent) trending
variables to a set of causally ordered variables that would
not themselves display nonstationary behavior if the
nonstationary exogenous causes were absent. The possibility
of inferring the long-run causal structure among a set of
time-series variables from an exhaustive examination of weak
exogeneity in irreducibly cointegrated subsets of variables
is explored and illustrated.},
Doi = {10.3390/econometrics8030031},
Key = {fds352545}
}
@article{fds356401,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Wible, JR},
Title = {Ricardian inference: Charles S. Peirce, economics, and
scientific method},
Journal = {Transactions of the Charles S Peirce Society},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {521-557},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/trancharpeirsoc.56.4.02},
Abstract = {Standard histories of economics usually treat the
“marginal revolution” of the mid- 19th century as both
supplanting the “classical” economics of Smith and
Ricardo and as advancing the idea of economics as a
mathematical science. The marginalists -especially Jevons
and Walras-viewed Cournot’s (1838) book on mathematical
economics as a seminal work on which they could build.
Surprisingly, the scientist, philosopher, and logician
Charles S. Peirce discovered Cournot before the marginalist
economists and possessed a deeper appreciation of his
mathematical approach. While Peirce’s contributions to
economics are limited, the influence of economics on his
philosophy is subtle and not well understood. In a number of
fragments, Peirce, who, despite Ricardo’s lack of
mathematical form, nonetheless regarded him as a
paradigmatic mathematical economist, refers to “Ricardian
inference” as a fundamental contribution to scientific
method. Two options, perhaps complementary, are explored as
to exactly what Peirce meant by “Ricardian inference.”
On the one hand, he associates Ricardo with the
“primipostnumeral syllogism,” which is a sort of
generalization to uncountably infinite sets of what Peirce
calls Fermatian inference (often referred to as mathematical
induction). On the other hand, he holds up Ricardo as an
exemplar of the “analytical method,” which is Peirce’s
name for a hybrid form connecting analogy, abduction, and
induction. On either account, economics plays a larger and
more fundamental role in Peirce’s philosophy of science
than is generally understood. In the Harvard Lectures the
two threads are linked together in Peirce’s use of an
economic example to exemplify pragmatism.},
Doi = {10.2979/trancharpeirsoc.56.4.02},
Key = {fds356401}
}
@article{fds366754,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The life you do not save: Reflections on the causal element
in the notion of a decision’s consequences},
Journal = {Journal of Institutional and Theoretical
Economics},
Volume = {176},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-174},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/jite-2020-0019},
Doi = {10.1628/jite-2020-0019},
Key = {fds366754}
}
@article{fds344661,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Editor’s note},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7694871},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7694871},
Key = {fds344661}
}
@misc{fds344811,
Author = {Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER and Hoover, KD and Caldwell,
B},
Title = {John maynard keynes of bloomsbury: Four short
talks},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds344811}
}
@article{fds342813,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Keynes and economics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-88},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7289276},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7289276},
Key = {fds342813}
}
@article{fds342814,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Craufurd goodwin: Economist as collector},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-191},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7289420},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7289420},
Key = {fds342814}
}
@article{fds333200,
Author = {Hoover, K},
Title = {Scots are more studious},
Journal = {Economist (United Kingdom)},
Volume = {414},
Number = {9074},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds333200}
}
@article{fds343702,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {A countercultural methodology: Caldwell’s beyond
positivism at thirty-five},
Volume = {36A},
Pages = {9-17},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0743-41542018000036A002},
Abstract = {Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism was a key publication that
helped precipitate the consolidation of the methodology of
economics into a distinct subfield within economics.
Reconsidering it after 35 years, it is striking for its
antina-turalism (i.e., its lack of deference to the actual
practices of economics) or, perhaps, for its meta-naturalism
(displayed in its excessive deference to the philosophy of
science) and for its defense of pluralism. It offers
pluralism as an unsuccessful defense against dogmatism.
Against Caldwell’s pluralism, dogmatism is better opposed
by a commitment of fallibilism and scientific humility.
Caldwell’s defense of Austrian methodology is taken as a
case study to illustrate and investigate his key themes and
the issues that they raise.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0743-41542018000036A002},
Key = {fds343702}
}
@article{fds321958,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The Crisis in economic theory: A review essay},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {54},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1350-1361},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20151338},
Abstract = {The Great Recession and the financial crisis of 2007-09
prompted calls for fundamental reforms of economic theory.
The role of theory in economics and in recent economic
events is considered in light of two recent books: the
sociologist Richard Swedberg's The Art of Social Theory and
the economist André Orléan's The Empire of Value: A New
Foundation for Economics.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20151338},
Key = {fds321958}
}
@article{fds285653,
Author = {Halsmayer, V and Hoover, KD},
Title = {Solow's Harrod: Transforming macroeconomic dynamics into a
model of long-run growth},
Journal = {European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {561-596},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0967-2567},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672567.2014.1001763},
Abstract = {Abstract: Modern growth theory derives mostly from Solow's
“A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth”
(1956). Solow's own interpretation locates its origins in
his view that Harrod's growth model implied a tendency
toward progressive collapse of the economy. He formulates
his view in terms of Harrod's invoking a fixed-coefficients
production function. We challenge Solow's reading of
Harrod's “Essay in Dynamic Theory,” arguing that
Harrod's object in providing a “dynamic” theory had
little to do with the problem of long-run growth as Solow
understood it, but instead addressed medium-run
fluctuations, the “inherent instability” of economies.
Solow's interpretation of Harrod was grounded in a
particular culture of understanding embedded in the practice
of formal modelling that emerged in economics in the
post-Second World War period. Solow's interpretation, which
ultimately dominated the profession's view of Harrod, is a
case study in the difficulties in communicating across
distinct interpretive communities and of the potential for
losing content and insights in the process. Harrod's objects
– particularly, of trying to account for a tendency of the
economy toward chronic recessions – were lost to the
mainstream literature.},
Doi = {10.1080/09672567.2014.1001763},
Key = {fds285653}
}
@article{fds320587,
Author = {Wible, JR and Hoover, KD},
Title = {Mathematical Economics Comes to America: Charles S. Peirce's
Engagement with Cournot's Recherches Sur Les Principes
Mathematiques De La Théorie Des Richesses},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {37},
Number = {04},
Pages = {511-536},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837215000450},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Although Cournot’s mathematical economics was
generally neglected until the mid-1870s, he was taken up and
carefully studied by the Scientific Club of Cambridge,
Massachusetts, even before his “discovery” by Walras and
Jevons. The episode is reconstructed from fragmentary
manuscripts of the pragmatist philosopher Charles S. Peirce,
a sophisticated mathematician. Peirce provides a subtle
interpretation and anticipates Bertrand’s
criticisms.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837215000450},
Key = {fds320587}
}
@article{fds320588,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The Ontological Status of Shocks and Trends in
Macroeconomics},
Journal = {Synthese},
Volume = {192},
Number = {11},
Pages = {3509-3532},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-014-0503-5},
Doi = {10.1007/s11229-014-0503-5},
Key = {fds320588}
}
@article{fds321959,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Thomas Mayer: (born 18 January 1927, Vienna Austria; died 29
January 2015, Berkeley, California, USA)},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {526-527},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350178X.2015.1112623},
Doi = {10.1080/1350178X.2015.1112623},
Key = {fds321959}
}
@article{fds285654,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Reductionism in economics: Intentionality and eschatological
justification in the microfoundations of
macroeconomics},
Journal = {Philosophy of Science},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Pages = {689-711},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0031-8248},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/682917},
Abstract = {Macroeconomists overwhelmingly believe that macroeconomics
requires microfoundations, typically understood as a strong
eliminativist reductionism. Microfoundations aims to recover
intentionality. In the face of technical and data
constraints macroeconomists typically employ a
representative-agent model, in which a single agent solves
the microeconomic optimization problem for the whole
economy, and take it to be microfoundationally adequate. The
characteristic argument for the representative-agent model
holds that the possibility of the sequential elaboration of
the model to cover any number of individual agents justifies
treating the policy conclusions of the single-agent model as
practically relevant. This eschatological justification is
examined and rejected.},
Doi = {10.1086/682917},
Key = {fds285654}
}
@article{fds325927,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {A Review of James Forder's Macroeconomics and the Phillips
Curve Myth},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {A review of James Forder’s important history of the
Phillips Curve.},
Key = {fds325927}
}
@article{fds285662,
Author = {Hoover, K and Juselius, K},
Title = {TRYGVE HAAVELMO'S EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY and SCENARIO
ANALYSIS in A COINTEGRATED VECTOR AUTOREGRESSION},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {249-274},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466614000292},
Abstract = {The paper provides a careful, analytical account of Trygve
Haavelmo's use of the analogy between controlled experiments
common in the natural sciences and econometric techniques.
The experimental analogy forms the linchpin of the
methodology for passive observation that he develops in his
famous monograph, The Probability Approach in Econometrics
(1944). Contrary to some recent interpretations of
Haavelmo's method, the experimental analogy does not commit
Haavelmo to a strong apriorism in which econometrics can
only test and reject theoretical hypotheses, rather it
supports the acquisition of knowledge through a two-way
exchange between theory and empirical evidence. Once the
details of the analogy are systematically understood, the
experimental analogy can be used to shed light on
theory-consistent cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR)
scenario analyses. A CVAR scenario analysis can be
interpreted as a clear example of Haavelmo's 'experimental'
approach; and, in turn, it can be shown to extend and
develop Haavelmo's methodology and to address issues that
Haavelmo regarded as unresolved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466614000292},
Key = {fds285662}
}
@misc{fds333582,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Macroeconomics, History of From 1933 to Present},
Pages = {400-405},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71066-X},
Abstract = {The history of modern macroeconomics begins when much older
economic questions were reclassified by Ragnar Frisch under
the headings 'microeconomics' and 'macroeconomics.' The
history of macroeconomics related here is importantly a
history of the relationships of macroeconomics to
microeconomics, and econometrics. The emphasis is on the
development of macroeconomics as an interplay among economic
theory, empirical investigation, and public
policy.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71066-X},
Key = {fds333582}
}
@article{fds285664,
Author = {Demiralp, S and Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Still puzzling: Evaluating the price puzzle in an
empirically identified structural vector
autoregression},
Journal = {Empirical Economics},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {701-731},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0377-7332},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-013-0694-5},
Abstract = {The price puzzle, an increase in the price level associated
with a contractionary monetary shock, is investigated in a
rich, 12-variable SVAR in which various factors that have
been mooted as solutions are considered jointly. SVARs for
the pre-1980 and post-1990 periods are identified
empirically using a graph-theoretic causal search algorithm
combined with formal tests of the implied overidentifying
restrictions. In this SVAR, the pre-1980 price puzzle
depends on the characterization of monetary policy, and the
post-1990 price puzzle is statistically insignificant.
Commonly suggested theoretical resolutions to the price
puzzle are shown to have causal implications inconsistent
with the data. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00181-013-0694-5},
Key = {fds285664}
}
@article{fds285657,
Author = {Boianovsky, M and Hoover, KD},
Title = {In the Kingdom of Solovia: The Rise of Growth Economics at
MIT, 1956-1970},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {46},
Number = {Supplement 1},
Pages = {198-228},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2716172},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2716172},
Key = {fds285657}
}
@article{fds285663,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {On the reception of haavelmo's econometric
thought},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {45-65},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837214000029},
Abstract = {The significance of Haavelmo's The Probability Approach in
Econometrics (1944), the foundational document of modern
econometrics, has been interpreted in widely different ways.
Some regard it as a blueprint for a provocative (but
ultimately unsuccessful) program dominated by the need for a
priori theoretical identification of econometric models.
Others focus more on statistical adequacy than on
theoretical identification. They see its deepest insights as
unduly neglected. The present article uses bibliometric
techniques and a close reading of econometrics articles and
textbooks to trace the way in which the economics profession
received, interpreted, and transmitted Haavelmo's ideas. A
key irony is that the first group calls for a reform of
econometric thinking that goes several steps beyond
Haavelmo's initial vision; the second group argues that
essentially what the first group advocates was already in
Haavelmo's Probability Approach from the beginning. © 2014
The History of Economics Society.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837214000029},
Key = {fds285663}
}
@article{fds285667,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Stevens, JP},
Title = {The 'slave bonus'},
Journal = {New York Review of Books},
Volume = {60},
Number = {16},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0028-7504},
Key = {fds285667}
}
@article{fds285668,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {John Paul Stevens replies},
Journal = {New York Review of Books},
Volume = {60},
Number = {16},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0028-7504},
Key = {fds285668}
}
@article{fds219757,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {The Role of Hypothesis Testing in the Molding of Econometric
Models},
Journal = {Erasmus Journal of Philosophy and Economics},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This paper addresses the role of tests of statistical
hypotheses (specification tests) in selection of a
statistically admissible model in which to evaluate economic
hypotheses. The issue is formulated in the context of recent
philosophical accounts on the nature of models and related
to some results in the literature on specification
search.},
Key = {fds219757}
}
@article{fds285671,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Young, W},
Title = {Rational expectations: Retrospect and prospect},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1169-1192},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1365-1005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1365100511000812},
Abstract = {The transcript of a panel discussion marking the 50th
anniversary of John Muth's Rational Expectations and the
Theory of Price Movements (Econometrica 1961). The panel
consisted of Michael Lovell, Robert Lucas, Dale Mortensen,
Robert Shiller, and Neil Wallace. The discussion was
moderated by Kevin Hoover and Warren Young. The panel
touched on a wide variety of issues related to the
rational-expectations hypothesis, including its history,
starting with Muth's work at Carnegie Tech; its
methodological role; applications to policy; its
relationship to behavioral economics; its role in the recent
financial crisis; and its likely future. The panel
discussion was held in a session sponsored by the History of
Economics Society at the Allied Social Sciences Association
(ASSA) meetings in the Capitol 1 Room of the Hyatt Regency
Hotel in Denver, Colorado. © 2012 Cambridge University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1365100511000812},
Key = {fds285671}
}
@misc{fds362081,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Pragmatism, perspectivai realism, and econometrics},
Pages = {223-240},
Booktitle = {Economics for Real: Uskali Mäki and the Place of Truth in
Economics},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9780415686549},
Key = {fds362081}
}
@book{fds371695,
Author = {Hartley, JE and Hoover, KD and Salyer, KD},
Title = {Real business cycles: A Reader},
Pages = {1-669},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781134694792},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203070710},
Abstract = {Real Business Cycle theory combines the remains of
monetarism with the new classical macroeconomics, and has
become one of the dominant approaches within contemporary
macroeconomics today. This volume presents: * the
authoritative anthology in RBC. The work contains the major
articles introducing and extending the theory as well as
critical literature * an extensive introduction which
contains an expository summary and critical evaluation of
RBC theory * comprehensive coverage and balance between
seminal papers and extensions; proponents and critics; and
theory and empirics. Macroeconomics is a compulsory element
in most economics courses, and this book will be an
essential guide to one of its major theories.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203070710},
Key = {fds371695}
}
@misc{fds285659,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Pragmatism, perspectival realism, and econometrics},
Pages = {221-240},
Booktitle = {Economics for Real: Uskali Maki and the Place of Truth in
Economics},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {Aki Lehtinen and Jaakko Kuorikoski and Petri
Ylikoski},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780203148402},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203148402},
Abstract = {Econometricians tend to hold simultaneously two views in
tension with each other: an apparent anti-realism, which
holds that all models are false and at best useful
constructs or approximations to true models, and an apparent
realism, on which models are to be judged by their success
at capturing an independent reality. This tension is
resolved starting from Ronald Giere’s perspectival
realism. Perspectival realism can itself be seen as a
species of pragmatism, as that term is understood by its
originator, Charles S. Peirce.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203148402},
Key = {fds285659}
}
@misc{fds354538,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Identity, Structure, and Causal Representation in Scientific
Models},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {35-57},
Booktitle = {History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life
Sciences},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Hsiang-Ke Chao and Szu-Ting Chen and Roberta
Millstein},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2454-9_3},
Abstract = {Recent debates over the nature of causation, casual
inference, and the uses of causal models in counterfactual
analysis, involving inter alia Nancy Cartwright (Hunting
Causes and Using Them), James Woodward (Making Things
Happen), and Judea Pearl (Causation), hinge on how causality
is represented in models. Economists’ indigenous approach
to causal representation goes back to the work of Herbert
Simon with the Cowles Commission in the early 1950s. The
paper explicates a scheme for the representation of causal
structure, inspired by Simon, and shows how this
representation sheds light on some important debates in the
philosophy of causation. This structural account is compared
to Woodward’s manipulability account. It is used to
evaluate the recent debates – particularly, with respect
to the nature of causal structure, the identity of causes,
causal independence, and modularity. Special attention is
given to modeling issues that arise in empirical
economics.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-2454-9_3},
Key = {fds354538}
}
@misc{fds368102,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {FACTS AND ARTIFACTS: CALIBRATION AND THE EMPIRICAL
ASSESSMENT OF REAL-BUSINESS-CYCLE MODELS},
Pages = {272-291},
Booktitle = {Real business cycles: A Reader},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781134694792},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203070710-23},
Abstract = {THE RELATIONSHIP between theory and data has been, from the
beginning, a central concern of the new-classical
macroeconomics. This much is evident in the title of Robert
E. Lucas’s and Thomas J. Sargent’s landmark edited
volume, Rational Expectations and Econometric Practice
(1981). With the advent of real-business-cycle models, many
new classical economists have turned to calibration methods.
The new classical macroeconomics is now divided between
calibrators and estimators. But the debate is not a
parochial one, raising, as it does, issues about the
relationships of models to reality and the nature of
econometrics that should be important to every school of
macroeconomic thought, indeed to all applied economics. The
stake in this debate is the future direction of quantitative
macroeconomics. It is, therefore, critical to understand the
root issues.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203070710-23},
Key = {fds368102}
}
@article{fds285703,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Causal structure and hierarchies of models.},
Journal = {Studies in history and philosophy of biological and
biomedical sciences},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {778-786},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1369-8486},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22727127},
Abstract = {Economics prefers complete explanations: general over
partial equilibrium, microfoundational over aggregate.
Similarly, probabilistic accounts of causation frequently
prefer greater detail to less as in typical resolutions of
Simpson's paradox. Strategies of causal refinement equally
aim to distinguish direct from indirect causes. Yet, there
are countervailing practices in economics.
Representative-agent models aim to capture economic
motivation but not to reduce the level of aggregation. Small
structural vector-autoregression and dynamic stochastic
general-equilibrium models are practically preferred to
larger ones. The distinction between exogenous and
endogenous variables suggests partitioning the world into
distinct subsystems. The tension in these practices is
addressed within a structural account of causation inspired
by the work of Herbert Simon's, which defines cause with
reference to complete systems adapted to deal with
incomplete systems and piecemeal evidence. The focus is on
understanding the constraints that a structural account of
causation places on the freedom to model complex or
lower-order systems as simpler or higher-order systems and
on to what degree piecemeal evidence can be incorporated
into a structural account.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.shpsc.2012.05.007},
Key = {fds285703}
}
@article{fds285706,
Author = {Duarte, PG and Hoover, KD},
Title = {Observing Shocks},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {44},
Number = {suppl_1},
Pages = {226-249},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313155900011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Macroeconomists have observed business cycle
fluctuations over time by constructing and manipulating
models in which shocks have increasingly played a greater
role. Shock is a term of art that pervades modern economics
appearing in nearly one-quarter of all journal articles in
economics and in nearly half in macroeconomics.
Surprisingly, its rise as an essential element in the
vocabulary of economists can be dated only to the early
1970s. We trace the history of shocks in macroeconomics from
Ragnar Frisch and Eugen Slutsky in the 1920s and 1930s
through real business cycle and DSGE models and to the use
of shocks as generators of impulse-response functions, which
are in turn used as data in matching estimators. The history
is organized around the observability of shocks. As well as
documenting a critical conceptual development in economics,
the history of shocks shows that James Bogen and James
Woodward’s distinction between data and phenomena must be
substantially relativized if it is to be at all
plausible.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1631851},
Key = {fds285706}
}
@article{fds320590,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Juselius, K},
Title = {Experiments, Passive Observation and Scenario Analysis:
Trygve Haavelmo and the Cointegrated Vector
Autoregression},
Journal = {Univ. of Copenhagen Dept. of Economics Discussion
Paper},
Number = {12},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {The paper provides a careful, analytical account of Trygve
Haavelmo's unsystematic, but important, use of the analogy
between controlled experiments common in the natural
sciences and econometric techniques. The experimental
analogy forms the linchpin of the methodology for passive
observation that he develops in his famous monograph, The
Probability Approach in Econometrics (1944). We show how,
once the details of the analogy are systematically
understood, the experimental analogy can be used to shed
light on theory-consistent cointegrated vector
autoregression (CVAR) scenario analysis. CVAR scenario
analysis can be seen as a clear example of Haavelmo's
'experimental' approach; and, in turn, it can be shown to
extend and develop Haavelmo's methodology and to address
issues that Haavelmo regarded as unresolved.},
Key = {fds320590}
}
@article{fds325928,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Man and Machine in Macroeconomics},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325928}
}
@article{fds320591,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Against Psychosis: A Review of Roman Frydman and Michael D.
Goldberg’s Beyond Mechanical Markets: Asset Price Swings,
Risk, and the Role of the State},
Journal = {CHOPE Working Paper},
Number = {2012},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A review essay of Roman Frydman & Michael D. Goldberg’s
Beyond Mechanical Markets: Asset Price Swings, Risk, and the
Role of the State.},
Key = {fds320591}
}
@article{fds320592,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The Role of Hypothesis Testing in the Molding of Econometric
Models},
Journal = {CHOPE Working Paper},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2012},
Pages = {43-43},
Publisher = {Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v6i2.133},
Abstract = {The paper is a keynote lecture from the Tilburg-Madrid
Conference on Hypothesis Tests: Foundations and Applications
at the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)
Madrid, Spain, 15-16 December 2011. It addresses the role of
tests of statistical hypotheses (specification tests) in
selection of a statistically admissible model in which to
evaluate economic hypotheses. The issue is formulated in the
context of recent philosophical accounts on the nature of
models and related to some results in the literature on
specification search.},
Doi = {10.23941/ejpe.v6i2.133},
Key = {fds320592}
}
@book{fds211896,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {Applied Intermediate Macroeconomics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {An intermediate macroeconomics textbook that stresses using
real-world data and elementary statistics to understand the
economy.},
Key = {fds211896}
}
@article{fds285669,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Microfoundational programs},
Pages = {19-61},
Booktitle = {Microfoundations Reconsidered: The Relationship of Micro and
Macroeconomics in Historical Perspective.},
Publisher = {Elgar},
Editor = {Pedro Garcia Duarte and Gilberto Lima Tadeu},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781004104.00008},
Abstract = {The substantial questions of macroeconomics itself are very
old, going back to the origins of economics itself. But
professional self-consciousness of the distinction between
macroeconomics and microeconomics dates only to the 1930s.
The distinction was drawn quite independently of Keynes, yet
Keynes’s General Theory led to its widespread adoption.
The question of the relationship of microeconomics to
macroeconomics encapsulated in the question of whether
macroeconomics requires microfoundations was not raised for
the first time in the 1960s or ‘70s, as is sometimes
thought, but goes back to the very foundations of
macroeconomics. There are in fact at least three
microfoundational programs: a Marshallian program with its
roots directly in Keynes’s own theorizing in the General
Theory; a fixed-price general-equilibrium theory, which
includes some work of Patinkin, Clower, and Barro and
Grossman; and the more recent representative-agent
microfoundations, starting with Lucas and the new classicals
in the early 1970s. This paper will document the development
of each of these microfoundational programs and their
interrelationship, especially in relationship to the
programs of general-equilibrium theory and econometrics,
whose modern incarnations both date from exactly the same
period in the 1930s.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781781004104.00008},
Key = {fds285669}
}
@article{fds285670,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Economic Theory and Causal Inference},
Pages = {89-113},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-51676-3.50004-X},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-51676-3.50004-X},
Key = {fds285670}
}
@misc{fds211920,
Author = {K.D. Hoover and Selva Demiralp and Stephen Perez},
Title = {“Empirical Identification of the Vector Autoregression:
The Causes and Effects of U.S. M2”},
Pages = {37-58},
Booktitle = {The Methodology and Practice of Econometrics: A Festschrift
in Honour of David F. Hendry},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Jennifer Castle and Neil Shephard},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds211920}
}
@misc{fds211902,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {"Identity, Structure, and Causal Representation in
Scientific Models"},
Booktitle = {Towards the Methodological Turn in the Philosophy of
Science: Mechanism and Causality in Biology and
Economics.},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Hsiang-Ke Chao and Szu-Ting Chen and Roberta
Millstein},
Year = {2012},
Abstract = {Recent debates over the nature causation, casual inference,
and the uses of causal models in counterfactual analysis,
involving inter alia Nancy Cartwright (Hunting Causes and
Using Them), James Woodward (Making Things Happen) and Judea
Pearl (Causation) hinge on how causality is represented in
models. Economists’ indigenous approach to causal
representation goes back to the work of Herbert Simon with
the Cowles Commission in the early 1950s. The paper
explicates a scheme for the representation of causal
structure, inspired by Simon and shows how this
representation sheds light on some important debates in the
philosophy of causation. This structural account is compared
to Woodward’s manipulability account. It is used to
evaluate the recent debates – particularly, with respect
to the nature of causal structure, the identity of causes,
causal independence, and modularity. Special attention is
given to modeling issues that arise in empirical
economics.},
Key = {fds211902}
}
@misc{fds285660,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Counterfactuals and causal structure},
Pages = {338-360},
Booktitle = {Causality in the Sciences},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Phyllis McKay Illari and Federica Russo and Jon
Williamson},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199574131},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574131.003.0016},
Abstract = {The structural account of causation derives inter alia from
Herbert Simon's work on causal order and was developed in
Hoover's Causality in Macroeconomics and earlier articles.
The structural account easily connects to, enriches, and
illuminates graphical or Bayes net approaches to causal
representation and is able to handle modular, nonmodular,
linear, and nonlinear causal systems. The representation is
used to illuminate the mutual relationship between causal
structure and counterfactuals, particularly addressing the
role of counterfactuals in Woodward's manipulationist
account of causation and Cartwright's attack on 'impostor
counterfactuals'.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574131.003.0016},
Key = {fds285660}
}
@article{fds285693,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Craufurd goodwin and history of political economy: A double
anniversary},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {247-255},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-1257379},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1257379},
Key = {fds285693}
}
@misc{fds211911,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {The Uses of Economics: Past and Future , special issue of
History of Political Economy.},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {K.D. Hoover},
Year = {2011},
Abstract = {A special issue of the journal History of Political Economy
arising from the conference celebrating the joint 40th
anniversary of the journal and of the editorship of its
founding editor, Craufurd Goodwin.},
Key = {fds211911}
}
@article{fds285694,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Introduction: Methodological implications of the financial
crisis},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {397-398},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350178X.2010.525037},
Doi = {10.1080/1350178X.2010.525037},
Key = {fds285694}
}
@article{fds285700,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Idealizing Reduction: The Microfoundations of
Macroeconomics},
Journal = {Erkenntnis},
Volume = {73},
Number = {3},
Pages = {329-347},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0165-0106},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2043 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The dominant view among macroeconomists is that
macroeconomics reduces to microeconomics, both in the sense
that all macroeconomic phenomena arise out of microeconomic
phenomena and in the sense that macroeconomic theory-to the
extent that it is correct-can be derived from microeconomic
theory. More than that, the dominant view believes that
macroeconomics should in practice use the reduced
microeconomic theory: this is the program of
microfoundations for macroeconomics to which the vast
majority of macroeconomists adhere. The "microfoundational"
models that they actually employ are, however, characterized
by another feature: they are highly idealized, even when
they are applied as direct characterizations of actual data,
which itself consists of macroeconomic aggregates. This
paper explores the interrelationship between reductionism
and idealization in the microfoundational program and the
role of idealization in empirical modeling. © 2010 The
Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10670-010-9235-1},
Key = {fds285700}
}
@article{fds285691,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Minisymposium on the history of econometrics:
Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-20},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2009-061},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2009-061},
Key = {fds285691}
}
@article{fds200400,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {“Economic Theory and Causal Inference”},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Philosophy of Economics; one volume of the
Handbook of the Philosophy of Science},
Editor = {Uskali Mäki (volume editor) and Dov Gabbay and Paul Thagard and John Woods (general},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds200400}
}
@article{fds285695,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {“Minisymposium: Methodological Implications of the
Financial Crisis: Introduction”},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Editor's introduction to the minisymposium.},
Key = {fds285695}
}
@article{fds285699,
Author = {Boianovsky, M and Hoover, KD},
Title = {The neoclassical growth model and twentieth-century
economics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {41},
Number = {SUPPL.1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000280833000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2009-013},
Key = {fds285699}
}
@misc{fds285658,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Microfoundations and the Ontology of Macroeconomics},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Economics},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780195189254},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195189254.003.0014},
Abstract = {The typical concerns of macroeconomics-such as national
output, employment and unemployment, inflation, interest
rates, and the balance of payments-are among the oldest in
economics, having been dominant among the problems addressed
by both the mercantilists and classical economists, such as
David Hume, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, as well as even
earlier writers. These concerns co-existed with ones that
are now regarded as characteristically microeconomic, such
as the theory of prices exemplified in the labor theory of
value of the classical economists or the theory of marginal
utility of the early neoclassical economists. Questions
about the relationship between these two groups of concerns
could hardly be articulated until a categorical distinction
between macroeconomics and microeconomics had been drawn.
This article asks whether there is a successful ontology of
macroeconomics. It also discusses the implications that this
ontology has for practical macroeconomics.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195189254.003.0014},
Key = {fds285658}
}
@misc{fds285661,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Demiralp, S and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Empirical Identification of the Vector Autoregression: The
Causes and Effects of US M2},
Pages = {37-58},
Booktitle = {The Methodology and Practice of Econometrics: A Festschrift
in Honour of David F. Hendry},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199237197},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199237197.003.0002},
Abstract = {The M2 monetary aggregate is monitored by the Federal
Reserve, using a broad brush theoretical analysis and an
informal empirical analysis. This chapter illustrates
empirical identification of an eleven-variable system, in
which M2 and the factors that the Fed regards as causes and
effects are captured in a vector autoregression. Taking
account of cointegration, the methodology combines recent
developments in graph-theoretical causal search algorithms
with a general-to-specific search algorithm to identify a
fully specified structural vector autoregression (SVAR). The
SVAR is used to examine the causes and effects of M2 in a
variety of ways. The chapter concludes that while the Fed
has rightly identified a number of special factors that
influence M2 and while M2 detectably affects other important
variables, there is 1) little support for the core
quantity-theoretic approach to M2 used by the Fed; and 2) M2
is a trivial linkage in the transmission mechanism from
monetary policy to real output and inflation.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199237197.003.0002},
Key = {fds285661}
}
@article{fds285692,
Author = {Hoover, K},
Title = {Economic reasoning},
Journal = {Economist},
Volume = {392},
Number = {8643},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0013-0613},
Key = {fds285692}
}
@misc{fds285655,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Milton Friedman’s stance: The methodology of causal
realism},
Pages = {303-320},
Booktitle = {The Methodology of Positive Economics: Reflections on the
Milton Friedman Legacy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Uskali Mäki},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521867016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581427.014},
Abstract = {The God of Abraham; the methodology of Marshall The
philosopher Bas Van Fraassen opens his Terry Lectures
(published as The Empirical Stance) with an anecdote:
“When Pascal died, a scrap of paper was found in the
lining of his coat. On it was written ‘The God of Abraham,
Isaac and Jacob, not the God of the philosophers’” (Van
Fraassen 2002, 1). Pascal's God talks and wrestles with men;
Descartes's God is a creature of metaphysics. Analogously,
with respect to the “Methodology of positive economics”
(F53) there are two Friedmans. Most of the gallons of ink
spilled in interpreting Friedman's essay have treated it as
a philosophical work. This is true, for example, for those
who have interpreted it as an exemplar of instrumentalism,
Popperian falsificationism, conventionalism, positivism, and
so forth. And it is even true for those critics, such as
Samuelson (1963), whose credentials as an economist are
otherwise secure. Mayer (1993a, 1995, 2003) and Hands (2003)
remind us that Friedman was philosophically unsophisticated,
and in the essay Friedman tried a fall with other
economists, not with philosophers. The origin of the essay
was the quotidian practice of economics, not abstract
epistemology. To know the Friedman of the economists, I
propose to read the essay in light of Friedman (and
Schwartz's) A Monetary History of the United States,
1867–1960 (1963a) and “Money and business cycles”
(1963b), perhaps his most characteristic economic
investigations. My point is not that there is a particular
philosophers' position that can be contrasted with a
particular economists' (or even Friedman's)
position.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511581427.014},
Key = {fds285655}
}
@book{fds211919,
Title = {Robert Solow and the Development of Growth
Economics},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {K.D. Hoover and Mauro Boianovsky},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds211919}
}
@misc{fds211917,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {“Probability and Structure in Econometric
Models”},
Pages = {497-513.},
Booktitle = {The Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Logic,
Methodology and Philosophy of Science.},
Publisher = {King's College Publications},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds211917}
}
@article{fds285702,
Author = {Demiralp, S and Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {A bootstrap method for identifying and evaluating a
structural vector autoregression},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {4},
Pages = {509-533},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0305-9049},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2047 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Graph-theoretic methods of causal search based on the ideas
of Pearl (2000), Spirtes et al. (2000), and others have been
applied by a number of researchers to economic data,
particularly by Swanson and Granger (1997) to the problem of
finding a data-based contemporaneous causal order for the
structural vector autoregression, rather than, as is
typically done, assuming a weakly justified Choleski order.
Demiralp and Hoover (2003) provided Monte Carlo evidence
that such methods were effective, provided that signal
strengths were sufficiently high. Unfortunately, in
applications to actual data, such Monte Carlo simulations
are of limited value, as the causal structure of the true
data-generating process is necessarily unknown. In this
paper, we present a bootstrap procedure that can be applied
to actual data (i.e. without knowledge of the true causal
structure). We show with an applied example and a simulation
study that the procedure is an effective tool for assessing
our confidence in causal orders identified by
graph-theoretic search algorithms. © 2008. Blackwell
Publishing Ltd and the Department of Economics, University
of Oxford.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0084.2007.00496.x},
Key = {fds285702}
}
@article{fds285701,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The vanity of the economist: A comment on Peart and Levy's
the "Vanity of the Philosopher"},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {445-453},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-9246},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2039 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In the Vanity of the Philosopher, Sandra Peart and David
Levy reconsider "postclassical" economics from the vantage
point of Adam Smith's "analytical" egalitarianism.
Analytical egalitarianism is assumed, not proved; and Peart
and Levy's criticisms of many 19th- and early 20th-century
economists, as well as eugenics in general, depend on
equivocating between analytical and substantive
egalitarianism. They fail to provide a non-question-begging
critique of eugenics. © 2008 American Journal of Economics
and Sociology, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2008.00581.x},
Key = {fds285701}
}
@article{fds325929,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Was Harrod Right?},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds325929}
}
@article{fds285698,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Johansen, S and Juselius, K},
Title = {Allowing the data to speak freely: The macroeconometrics of
the cointegrated vector autoregression},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {251-255},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2056 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {An explication of the key ideas behind the Cointegrated
Vector Autoregression Approach. The CVAR approach is related
to Haavelmo’s famous “Probability Approach in
Econometrics” (1944). It insists on careful stochastic
specification as a necessary groundwork for econometric
inference and the testing of economic theories. In
time-series data, the probability approach requires careful
specification of the integration and cointegration
properties of variables in systems of equations. The
relationship between the CVAR approach and wider
methodological issues and between it and related approaches
(e.g., the LSE approach) are explored. The
specific-to-general strategy of widening the scope of
econometric models to identify stochastic trends and
cointegrating relations and to nest theoretical economic
models is illustrated with the example of purchasing-power
parity.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.2.251},
Key = {fds285698}
}
@article{fds285696,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Siegler, MV},
Title = {The rhetoric of 'Signifying nothing': A rejoinder to Ziliak
and McCloskey},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-68},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501780801913546},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780801913546},
Key = {fds285696}
}
@article{fds285697,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Siegler, MV},
Title = {Sound and fury: McCloskey and significance testing in
economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-37},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2045 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {For more than 20 years, Deidre McCloskey has campaigned to
convince the economics profession that it is hopelessly
confused about statistical significance. She argues that
many practices associated with significance testing are bad
science and that most economists routinely employ these bad
practices: 'Though to a child they look like science, with
all that really hard math, no science is being done in these
and 96 percent of the best empirical economics ' (McCloskey
1999). McCloskey's charges are analyzed and rejected. That
statistical significance is not economic significance is a
jejune and uncontroversial claim, and there is no convincing
evidence that economists systematically mistake the two.
Other elements of McCloskey's analysis of statistical
significance are shown to be ill-founded, and her criticisms
of practices of economists are found to be based in
inaccurate readings and tendentious interpretations of those
economists' work. Properly used, significance tests are a
valuable tool for assessing signal strength, for assisting
in model specification, and for determining causal
structure.},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780801913298},
Key = {fds285697}
}
@misc{fds211930,
Author = {K.D. Hoover},
Title = {“Causality in Economics and Econometrics”},
Series = {2nd edition},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
Editor = {Steven Durlauf},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds211930}
}
@article{fds285665,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {A History of Postwar Monetary Economics and
Macroeconomics},
Pages = {411-427},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470999059.ch26},
Doi = {10.1002/9780470999059.ch26},
Key = {fds285665}
}
@article{fds285650,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Does macroeconomics need microfoundations?},
Pages = {315-333},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511819025.022},
Abstract = {As I observed in the first lecture, I chose Pissarides’s
model as a paradigm of the modern macroeconomic model for a
variety of reasons: the clarity of its goals and exposition;
the manner in which it attempted to relate its theoretical
construction to empirical facts (at least in principle);
and, by no means the least important reason, because it was
the model that Nancy Cartwright held up as an example of a
nomological machine in economics. A number of fellow
economists, however, question whether Pissarides’s model
really is a macroeconomic model. Because it appears to model
the decision problem of the individual worker and the
individual firm, some economists regard it as a
microeconomic model. But this is all the better for my
purposes because there is a persistent refrain in recent
macroeconomics that the only acceptable macroeconomic models
are those that have adequate microfoundations. The idea of
microfoundations did not originate with the new classical
macroeconomics, but the manner in which the new classical
macroeconomics has dominated the agenda of macroeconomics
over the past quarter century has firmly cemented it in the
minds of virtually all economists. Lucas puts it clearly
when he longs for an economics that does not need the
prefixes “micro” or “macro” – sound economics is
held to be microeconomics, and any macroeconomics that is
not just a shorthand for the manner in which microeconomics
is applied to certain problems is held to be bad
economics.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511819025.022},
Key = {fds285650}
}
@misc{fds285651,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Econometrics as observation: The lucas critique and the
nature of econometric inference},
Pages = {297-314},
Booktitle = {The Philosophy of Economics: An Anthology},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521883504},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511819025.021},
Abstract = {Kevin Hoover (1955–) received a D.Phil. in economics from
Oxford University after an undergraduate major in
philosophy, and his work reflects this dual competence. He
has contributed both to contemporary economics (especially
macroeconomics) and to economic methodology, serving for a
decade as the editor of The Journal of Economic Methodology.
After more than two decades at the University of California,
Davis, Hoover is now a professor of economics and a
professor of philosophy at Duke University. The Lucas
Critique: Perhaps the principal challenge to the use of
econometric models in economic analysis is the policy
non-invariance argument, popularly known as the ‘Lucas
critique’. Robert Lucas (1976) attacks the use of
econometric models as bases for the evaluation of policy on
the grounds that the estimated equations of such models are
unlikely to remain invariant to the very changes in policy
that the economist seeks to evaluate. The argument is
originally cast as an implication of rational expectations.
Among the constraints people face are the policy rules of
the government. If people are rational, then, when these
rules change, and if the change is correctly perceived, they
take proper account of the change in adjusting their
behavior. The rational expectations hypothesis implies that
changes in policy will in fact be correctly perceived up to
a serially uncorrelated error.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511819025.021},
Key = {fds285651}
}
@article{fds285689,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {A Neowicksellian in a new classical world: The methodology
of Michael Woodford's Interest and Prices},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-149},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710600676322},
Doi = {10.1080/10427710600676322},
Key = {fds285689}
}
@article{fds285690,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Fragility and robustness in econometrics: Introduction to
the symposium},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-160},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1350-178X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501780600733335},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780600733335},
Key = {fds285690}
}
@article{fds285649,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Doctor keynes: Economic theory in a diagnostic
science},
Pages = {78-97},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521840902.005},
Abstract = {THEORY AND PRACTICE For the greater part of his professional
life, John Maynard Keynes was known as a practical man: the
author of topical tracts on current economic questions, an
adviser to, and an emissary from, the British Treasury, a
successful player of financial markets for himself and
King's College Cambridge, a member of corporate boards and a
portfolio manager for two insurance companies. He was, in
this sense, a part-time academic. And although he had long
been known to be a first-rate economist, it was only after
the publication of the General Theory of Employment,
Interest and Money in 1936 that he was able to secure his
reputation as a first-rate economic theorist. Yet, of the
ten volumes of books published in his lifetime, three (the
General Theory and the two volumes of the Treatise on Money,
volume I subtitled The Pure Theory of Money and volume II
The Applied Theory of Money) feature 'theory' in their
title. And if we note that three of the remaining volumes
are clearly non-economic and two are as much political as
economic, the proportion of his economic books
self-consciously styled as theoretical rises to
three-fifths. Even one of the remaining volumes, A Tract on
Monetary Reform, contains a clearly theoretical core. If
Keynes was indeed a theorist, what kind of a theorist was
he?},
Doi = {10.1017/CCOL0521840902.005},
Key = {fds285649}
}
@misc{fds285656,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The past as the Future: The Marshallian approach to post
Walrasian econometrics},
Pages = {239-257},
Booktitle = {Post Walrasian Macroeconomics: Beyond the Dynamic Stochastic
General Equilibrium Model},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521865487},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511617751.014},
Abstract = {The popular image of the scientific revolution usually pits
young revolutionaries against old conservatives. Freeman
Dyson (2004, p. 16) observes that, in particle physics in
the mid twentieth century, something had to change. But in
the revolution of quantum electrodynamics, Einstein, Dirac,
Heisenberg, Born, and Schödinger were old revolutionaries,
while the winners, Feynman, Schwinger, and Tomonaga, were
young conservatives. Post Walrasian economics is not a
doctrine, but a slogan announcing that something has to
change. Most of the self-conscious efforts to forge a Post
Walrasian economics are due to old radicals. Here I want to
explore the space of the young conservative: the future is
past, particularly in the methodology of Alfred Marshall’s
essay, ‘The Present Position of Economics’ (1885). The
radical approach identifies the problem as Walrasian theory
and seeks to replace it with something better and altogether
different. The conservative approach says that theory is not
the problem. The problem is rather to establish an empirical
discipline that connects theory to the world. Marshall’s
methodology places the relationship between theory and
empirical tools on center stage. In North America, if not in
Europe, the dominant tools of macro econometrics are the
vector auto regression (VAR) and calibration techniques.
These techniques reached their current status as the result
of two nearly simultaneous reactions to the Cowles
Commission program, which dominated macro econometrics
during the two decades 1950-70. These are the famous Lucas
critique, and the practically influential, if less storied,
Sims critique.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511617751.014},
Key = {fds285656}
}
@misc{fds347022,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Is there a place for rational expectations in keynes’s
general theory?},
Pages = {219-237},
Booktitle = {A 'Second Edition' of the General Theory},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415406994},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203980316-28},
Abstract = {Keynes distinguishes between long-term and short-term
expectations (G. T.: 46-7). The distinction mirrors
Marshall's distinction between the long run, in which
factors of production are all variable, and the short run,
in which the firm's capital equipment is fixed. Keynes
argues that an entrepreneur consults his long-term
expectations in determining the amount of his investment in
plant and machinery, and consults his short-term
expectations in determining the scale of his current
output.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203980316-28},
Key = {fds347022}
}
@article{fds285687,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Automatic inference of the contemporaneous causal order of a
system of equations},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-77},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2009 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1017/S026646660505005X},
Key = {fds285687}
}
@article{fds285685,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Lost causes},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {149-164},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1042771042000219000},
Doi = {10.1080/1042771042000219000},
Key = {fds285685}
}
@article{fds285686,
Author = {De Vroey and M and Hoover, KD},
Title = {Introduction: Seven decades of the IS-LM
model},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {1-11},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-suppl_1-1},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-36-suppl_1-1},
Key = {fds285686}
}
@article{fds285688,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Truth and robustness in cross-country growth
regressions},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {5},
Pages = {765-798},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2079 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We re-examine studies of cross-country growth regressions by
Levine and Renelt (American Economic Review, Vol. 82, 1992,
pp. 942-963) and Sala-i-Martin (American Economic Review,
Vol. 87, 1997a, pp. 178-183; Economics Department, Columbia,
University, 1997b). In a realistic Monte Carlo experiment,
their variants of Edward Leamer's extreme-bounds analysis
are compared with a cross-sectional version of the
general-to-specific search methodology associated with the
LSE approach to econometrics. Levine and Renelt's method has
low size and low power, while Sala-i-Martin's method has
high size and high power. The general-to-specific
methodology is shown to have a near nominal size and high
power. Sala-i-Martin's method and the general-to-specific
method are then applied to the actual data from
Sala-i-Martin's original study.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0084.2004.101_1.x},
Key = {fds285688}
}
@article{fds285682,
Author = {Demiralp, S and Hoover, KD},
Title = {Searching for the Causal Structure of a Vector
Autoregression},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {65},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {745-767},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0305-9049.2003.00087.x},
Abstract = {We provide an accessible introduction to graph-theoretic
methods for causal analysis. Building on the work of Swanson
and Granger (Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Vol. 92, pp. 357-367, 1997), and generalizing
to a larger class of models, we show how to apply
graph-theoretic methods to selecting the causal order for a
structural vector autoregression (SVAR). We evaluate the PC
(causal search) algorithm in a Monte Carlo study. The PC
algorithm uses tests of conditional independence to select
among the possible causal orders - or at least to reduce the
admissible causal orders to a narrow equivalence class. Our
findings suggest that graph-theoretic methods may prove to
be a useful tool in the analysis of SVARs.},
Doi = {10.1046/j.0305-9049.2003.00087.x},
Key = {fds285682}
}
@article{fds285683,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Some causal lessons from macroeconomics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {112},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-125},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1904 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Some of the well-posed causal aspects from macroeconomics
were discussed. The causal lessons were supported by the
vector-autoregression (VAR) framework of macroeconomics
which was analogous to the panel-data approach. The analysis
of causality in a VAR framework carried important lessons
for the panel-studies. The results show that the direct and
indirect linkages among the health indicators and the
counterfactual simulations were sensitive to the omission of
a contemporaneous link from wealth to health.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00154-9},
Key = {fds285683}
}
@article{fds285684,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Nonstationary time series, cointegration, and the principle
of the common cause},
Journal = {British Journal for the Philosophy of Science},
Volume = {54},
Number = {4},
Pages = {527-551},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/54.4.527},
Abstract = {Elliot Sober ([2001]) forcefully restates his well-known
counterexample to Reichenbach's principle of the common
cause: bread prices in Britain and sea levels in Venice both
rise over time and are, therefore, correlated; yet they are
ex hypothesi not causally connected, which violates the
principle of the common cause. The counterexample employs
nonstationary data - i.e., data with time-dependent
population moments. Common measures of statistical
association do not generally reflect probabilistic
dependence among nonstationary data. I demonstrate the
inadequacy of the counterexample and of some previous
responses to it, as well as illustrating more appropriate
measures of probabilistic dependence in the nonstationary
case.},
Doi = {10.1093/bjps/54.4.527},
Key = {fds285684}
}
@article{fds285680,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Dowell, ME},
Title = {Measuring causes: Episodes in the quantitative assessment of
the value of money},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {159-161},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2563 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-33-suppl_1-137},
Key = {fds285680}
}
@article{fds343584,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {167},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501780110047264},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780110047264},
Key = {fds343584}
}
@article{fds285681,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Siegler, MV},
Title = {Taxing and spending in the long view: The causal structure
of US fiscal policy, 1791-1913},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {52},
Number = {4},
Pages = {745-773},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0030-7653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/52.4.745},
Abstract = {Causal relations between US federal taxation and expenditure
are analyzed using an approach based on the invariance of
econometric relationships in the face of structural
interventions. Institutional evidence for interventions or
changes of regime and econometric tests for structural
breaks are used to investigate the relative stability of
conditional and marginal probability distributions for each
variable. The patterns of stability are the products of the
underlying causal order. Consistent with earlier work on the
post World War II period, we find that dominant causal
direction (with only a short-lived reversal) runs from taxes
to spending in the period before World War
I.},
Doi = {10.1093/oep/52.4.745},
Key = {fds285681}
}
@article{fds343585,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Three attitudes towards data mining},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {195-210},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501780050045083},
Abstract = {'Data mining' refers to a broad class of activities that
have in common, a search over different ways to process or
package data statistically or econometrically with the
purpose of making the final presentation meet certain design
criteria. We characterize three attitudes toward data
mining: first, that it is to be avoided and, if it is
engaged in, that statistical inferences must be adjusted to
account for it; second, that it is inevitable and that the
only results of any interest are those that transcend the
variety of alternative data mined specifications (a view
associated with Leamer's extreme-bounds analysis); and
third, that it is essential and that the only hope we have
of using econometrics to uncover true economic relationships
is to be found in the intelligent mining of data. The first
approach confuses considerations of sampling distribution
and considerations of epistemic warrant and, reaches an
unnecessarily hostile attitude toward data mining. The
second approach relies on a notion of robustness that has
little relationship to truth: there is no good reason to
expect a true specification to be robust alternative
specifications. Robustness is not, in general, a carrier of
epistemic warrant. The third approach is operationalized in
the general-to-specific search methodology of the LSE school
of econometrics. Its success demonstrates that intelligent
data mining is an important element in empirical
investigation in economics. © 2000, Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/13501780050045083},
Key = {fds343585}
}
@article{fds285678,
Author = {Hartley, JE and Hoover, KD and Salyer, KD},
Title = {The limits of business cycle research: Assessing the real
business cycle model},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {34-54},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0266-903X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/13.3.34},
Abstract = {The real business cycle model dominates business cycle
research in the new classical tradition. Typically, real
business cycle modellers both offer the bold conjecture that
business cycles are equilibrium phenomena driven by
technology shocks and also novel strategies for assessing
the success of the model. This article critically examines
the real business model and the assessment strategy, surveys
the literature supporting and opposing the model, and
evaluates the evidence on the empirical success of the
model. It argues that, on the preponderance of the evidence,
the real business cycle model is refuted.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/13.3.34},
Key = {fds285678}
}
@article{fds285679,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Facts and artifacts: Calibration and the empirical
assessment of real-business-cycle models},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-44},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0030-7653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042160},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042160},
Key = {fds285679}
}
@article{fds285676,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Post hoc ergo propter once more an evaluation of 'does
monetary policy matter?' in the spirit of James
Tobin},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-74},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1981 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Christina and David Romer's paper 'Does Monetary Policy
Matter?' advocates the so-called 'narrative' approach to
causal inference. We demonstrate that this method will not
sustain causal inference. First, it is impossible to
distinguish monetary shocks from oil shocks as causes of
recessions. Second, a world in which the Fed only announces
intentions to act cannot be distinguished from one in which
it in fact acts. Third, the techniques of dynamic simulation
used in the Romers' study are inappropriate and
quantitatively misleading. And, finally, their approach
provides no basis for establishing causal asymmetry. ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(94)01149-4},
Key = {fds285676}
}
@article{fds285677,
Author = {Hoover, KD and Perez, SJ},
Title = {Money may matter, but how could you know?},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-99},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(94)01151-6},
Abstract = {Christina and David Romers' reply to our article 'Post Hoc
Ergo Propter Hoc Once More' misses the point. Our argument
was never that monetary policy did not matter, but that
their methods could not provide useful evidence that it did.
Yet, they offer additional evidence of the same type with
respect to the efficacy of monetary shocks without
effectively replying to the criticisms of their methods. We
show point by point that such responses as they give leave
our original conclusion intact: their narrative/statistical
approach is a complicated version of the fallacy post hoc
ergo propter hoc; and, as such, will not sustain inferences
with respect to the direction and strength of the causes of
output fluctuations. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(94)01151-6},
Key = {fds285677}
}
@article{fds321960,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Econometrics as observation: The Lucas critique and the
nature of econometric inference},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {65-80},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501789400000006},
Doi = {10.1080/13501789400000006},
Key = {fds321960}
}
@article{fds341488,
Author = {Hoover, K},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Social Epistemology},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {257-260},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02691729308578704},
Doi = {10.1080/02691729308578704},
Key = {fds341488}
}
@article{fds285675,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The causal direction between money and prices. An
alternative approach},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-423},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1974 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Causality is viewed as a matter of control. Controllability
is captured in Simon's analysis of causality as an
asymmetrical relation of recursion between variables in the
unobservable data-generating process. Tests of the stability
of marginal and conditional distributions for these
variables can provide evidence of causal ordering. The
causal direction between prices and money in the United
States 1950-1985 is assessed. The balance of evidence
supports the view that money does not cause prices, and that
prices do cause money. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(91)90015-G},
Key = {fds285675}
}
@article{fds321961,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {The logic of causal inference: Econometrics and the
Conditional Analysis of Causation},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-234},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S026626710000122X},
Abstract = {This article is extracted from my earlier paper, “The
Logic of Causal Inference: With anApplication to Money and
Prices” (Working Papers in the Research Program in
AppliedMacroeconomics and Macro Policy, No. 55, Institute of
Governmental Affairs, Universityof California, Davis). I am
grateful to Peter Oppenheimer, Peter Sinclair, Charles
Goodhart, Steven Sheffrin, Thomas Mayer, Edward Learner,
Thomas Cooley, Stephen LeRoy, LeonWegge, David Hendry, Nancy
Wulwick, Diran Bodenhorn, Clive Granger, Paul Holland,
Daniel Hausman (co-editor), and three anonymous referees, as
well as the participants inseminars at the University of
California, Berkeley (Fall 1986), the University of
California, Davis (Fall 1988), and the University of
California, Irvine (Spring 1989), for comments onthis
article in its various previous incarnations. © 1990,
Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S026626710000122X},
Key = {fds321961}
}
@article{fds285673,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {Money, prices and finance in the new monetary
economics},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {150-167},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0030-7653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041842},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041842},
Key = {fds285673}
}
@article{fds321962,
Author = {Hoover, KD},
Title = {ON THE PITFALLS OF UNTESTED COMMON‐FACTOR RESTRICTIONS:
THE CASE OF THE INVERTED FISHER HYPOTHESIS},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-138},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1988.mp50002002.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0084.1988.mp50002002.x},
Key = {fds321962}
}
@article{fds285674,
Author = {Bisignano, J and Hoover, K},
Title = {Some suggested improvements to a simple portfolio balance
model of exchange rate determination with special reference
to the U. S. dollar/Canadian dollar rate},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {118},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-38},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1982},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02706077},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02706077},
Key = {fds285674}
}
%% Hotz, V. Joseph
@article{fds376238,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Lin, I-F and Wiersma Strauss and A and Chin, J and Hotz,
VJ and Seltzer, JA},
Title = {Age Differences Experiences of Pandemic-related Health and
Economic Challenges among Adults Aged 55 and
Older.},
Journal = {The Gerontologist},
Pages = {gnae023},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnae023},
Abstract = {<h4>Background and objectives</h4>The oldest adults faced
the highest risk of death and hospitalization from COVID-19,
but less is known about whether they also were the most
likely to experience pandemic-related economic, health care,
and mental health challenges. Guided by prior research on
vulnerability versus resilience among older adults, the
current study investigated age differences in economic
hardship, delays in medical care, and mental health outcomes
among adults aged 55 and older.<h4>Research design and
methods</h4>Data were from the COVID-19 module and Leave
Behind Questionnaire in the 2020 Health and Retirement Study
(HRS). We estimated linear probability models to examine
differences in experiences of pandemic-related economic and
health challenges by age group (55-64, 65-74, 75+) with and
without controls for preexisting sociodemographic, social
program, health, and economic characteristics from the 2018
HRS. Models accounting for differential mortality also were
estimated.<h4>Results</h4>Adults aged 65-74 and 75+
experienced fewer economic and mental health challenges and
those aged 75+ were less likely to delay medical care than
adults aged 55-64. Age gradients were consistent across a
broad range of measures and were robust to including
controls. For all age groups, economic challenges were less
common than delays in medical care or experiences of
loneliness, stress, or being emotionally
overwhelmed.<h4>Discussion and implications</h4>Even though
the oldest adults were at the greatest risk of death and
hospitalization from COVID-19, they experienced fewer
secondary pandemic-related challenges. Future research
should continue to explore the sources of this resilience
for older adults.},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnae023},
Key = {fds376238}
}
@article{fds376239,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Bollinger, CR and Komarova, T and Manski, CF and Moffitt,
RA and Nekipelov, D and Sojourner, A and Spencer,
BD},
Title = {The key role of absolute risk in the disclosure risk
assessment of public data releases.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {121},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e2321882121},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2321882121},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2321882121},
Key = {fds376239}
}
@article{fds375842,
Author = {Kwiatek, SM and Cai, L and Cagney, KA and Copeland, WE and Hotz, VJ and Hoyle, RH},
Title = {Comparative assessment of the feasibility and validity of
daily activity space in urban and non-urban
settings.},
Journal = {PLoS One},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e0297492},
Year = {2024},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297492},
Abstract = {Activity space research explores the behavioral impact of
the spaces people move through in daily life. This research
has focused on urban settings, devoting little attention to
non-urban settings. We examined the validity of the activity
space method, comparing feasibility and data quality in
urban and non-urban contexts. Overall, we found that the
method is easily implemented in both settings. We also found
location data quality was comparable across residential and
activity space settings. The major differences in GPS
(Global Positioning System) density and accuracy came from
the operating system (iOS versus Android) of the device
used. The GPS-derived locations showed high agreement with
participants' self-reported locations. We further validated
GPS data by comparing at-home time allocation with the
American Time Use Survey. This study suggests that it is
possible to collect daily activity space data in non-urban
settings that are of comparable quality to data from urban
settings.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0297492},
Key = {fds375842}
}
@article{fds373656,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Wiemers, EE and Rasmussen, J and Koegel,
KM},
Title = {The Role of Parental Wealth and Income in Financing
Children’s College Attendance and Its Consequences},
Pages = {1850-1880},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1018-9828R2},
Abstract = {This work examines the influence of parental wealth and
income on children’s college attendance and parents’
financing decisions and on whether children graduate from
college. We also examine whether parental financing affects
the subsequent indebtedness of parents and children. We find
that higher levels of parents’ wealth and income increase
the likelihood that children attend college with financial
support relative to not attending college and that parental
wealth increases the likelihood that children graduate from
college. We show descriptive evidence that parents’
financing of their children’s college attendance increases
parents’ subsequent indebtedness but does not reduce their
children’s indebtedness, including their student loan
debt.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.1018-9828R2},
Key = {fds373656}
}
@article{fds364331,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Bollinger, CR and Komarova, T and Manski, CF and Moffitt,
RA and Nekipelov, D and Sojourner, A and Spencer,
BD},
Title = {Balancing data privacy and usability in the federal
statistical system.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {31},
Pages = {e2104906119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104906119},
Abstract = {The federal statistical system is experiencing competing
pressures for change. On the one hand, for confidentiality
reasons, much socially valuable data currently held by
federal agencies is either not made available to researchers
at all or only made available under onerous conditions. On
the other hand, agencies which release public databases face
new challenges in protecting the privacy of the subjects in
those databases, which leads them to consider releasing
fewer data or masking the data in ways that will reduce
their accuracy. In this essay, we argue that the discussion
has not given proper consideration to the reduced social
benefits of data availability and their usability relative
to the value of increased levels of privacy protection. A
more balanced benefit-cost framework should be used to
assess these trade-offs. We express concerns both with
synthetic data methods for disclosure limitation, which will
reduce the types of research that can be reliably conducted
in unknown ways, and with differential privacy criteria that
use what we argue is an inappropriate measure of disclosure
risk. We recommend that the measure of disclosure risk used
to assess all disclosure protection methods focus on what we
believe is the risk that individuals should care about, that
more study of the impact of differential privacy criteria
and synthetic data methods on data usability for research be
conducted before either is put into widespread use, and that
more research be conducted on alternative methods of
disclosure risk reduction that better balance benefits and
costs.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2104906119},
Key = {fds364331}
}
@article{fds365487,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Salvo, J},
Title = {A Chronicle of the Application of Differential Privacy to
the 2020 Census},
Journal = {Harvard Data Science Review},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/99608f92.ff891fe5},
Doi = {10.1162/99608f92.ff891fe5},
Key = {fds365487}
}
@article{fds358333,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes across cohorts in wage returns to schooling and
early work experiences},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711851},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the wage returns to schooling and
actual early work experiences and how these returns have
changed over the past 20 years. Using the NLSY surveys, we
develop and estimate a dynamic model of the joint schooling
and work decisions that young men make in early adulthood
and quantify how they affect wages using a generalized
Mincerian specification. Our results highlight the need to
account for dynamic selection and changes in composition
when analyzing changes in wage returns. In particular, we
find that ignoring the selectivity of accumulated work
experiences results in overstatement of the returns to
education.},
Doi = {10.1086/711851},
Key = {fds358333}
}
@article{fds357596,
Author = {Duke, NN and Jensen, TM and Perreira, KM and Hotz, VJ and Harris,
KM},
Title = {The Role of Family Health History in Predicting Midlife
Chronic Disease Outcomes.},
Journal = {Am J Prev Med},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {509-517},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2021.02.021},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The generational relevance for determining
disease risk for the leading causes of morbidity and
mortality for U.S. adults is a source of debate. METHODS:
Data on 12,300 adults (Add Health Study Members)
participating in Wave V (2016-2018) of the National
Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (also known
as Add Health) were merged with data from respondents'
parents (n=2,013) participating in the Add Health Parent
Study (2015-2017). Analyses beginning in January 2020
examined the concordance in lifetime occurrence of chronic
conditions across 4 generations, including cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity,
cancer, and depression and examined the associations between
individual disease history and ones' family health history
for the same condition. RESULTS: Mean ages were 37.4 years
for Add Health Study Members and 62.9 years for Add Health
Parent Study mothers. The histories of mothers from the Add
Health Parent Study on hyperlipidemia (AOR=1.61, 95%
CI=1.04, 2.48), obesity (AOR=1.77, 95% CI=1.27, 2.48), and
depression (AOR=1.87, 95% CI=1.19, 2.95) were significantly
associated with increased odds of Add Health Study Member
report of these conditions. Maternal great grandparent
hyperlipidemia history was significantly associated with the
Add Health Study Member hyperlipidemia (AOR=2.81, 95%
CI=1.51, 5.21). Histories of diabetes in maternal
grandfather (AOR=2.41, 95% CI=1.24, 4.69) and maternal great
grandparent (AOR=3.05, 95% CI=1.45, 6.43) were significantly
associated with Add Health Study Member diabetes. Each
additional point in the Add Health Parent Study mothers'
cardiometabolic risk factor index was associated with an 11%
increase (incidence rate ratio=1.11, 95% CI=1.04, 1.19) in
the expected count of cardiometabolic risk conditions for
the Add Health Study Members. CONCLUSIONS: Multigenerational
health histories have value for quantifying the probability
of diabetes, obesity, depression, and hyperlipidemia in
early mid-adulthood. Family health history knowledge is
relevant for health promotion and disease prevention
strategies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2021.02.021},
Key = {fds357596}
}
@article{fds351189,
Author = {Jensen, TM and Duke, NN and Harris, KM and Hotz, VJ and Perreira,
KM},
Title = {Like Parent, Like Child: Intergenerational Patterns
of Cardiovascular Risk Factors at Midlife.},
Journal = {J Adolesc Health},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {596-603},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.039},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: We aimed to assess the prevalence of four
cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, diabetes, excessive
alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking) for parents and their
adult children at the same approximate midlife age. We also
evaluated associations of parents' cardiovascular risk
factors, childhood health exposures, and social contexts
(i.e., family, school, and neighborhood) during adolescence
with adult children's cardiovascular health at midlife.
METHODS: We used data from respondents at Wave V of the
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health
who had corresponding parent (mostly mothers) data from Wave
I. The final sample included 10,466 adult children with a
mean age of 37.8 years. Descriptive statistics and logistic
regression models were estimated, accounting for the
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health
sampling design. RESULTS: At similar ages (i.e., 35-45
years) to their parents, adult children had higher rates of
excessive drinking and obesity than their parents, lower
rates of diabetes, and similar rates of smoking. Adult
children's health largely converged and correlated with
their parents' health at similar ages. Cardiovascular risks
for adult children were also significantly associated with
their childhood health exposures and social contexts during
adolescence. Some associations varied with respect to the
health status of parents at Wave I. CONCLUSIONS: The
cardiovascular risk of parents at midlife is strongly
associated with the cardiovascular risk of their adult
children at midlife. The status of parents' health during
adolescence can also modify the significance and magnitude
of associations between childhood health exposures or
adolescent social contexts and adult children's
cardiovascular risk factors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.039},
Key = {fds351189}
}
@article{fds357597,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Joseph Hotz and V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Ex ante returns and occupational choice},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {128},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4475-4522},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710559},
Abstract = {Using data from Duke University undergraduates, we make
three main contributions to the literature. First, we show
that data on earnings beliefs and probabilities of choosing
particular occupations are highly informative of future
earnings and occupations. Second, we show how beliefs data
can be used to recover ex ante treatment effects and their
relationship with individual choices. We find large
differences in expected earnings across occupations and
provide evidence of sorting on expected gains. Finally,
nonpecuniary factors play an important role, with a sizable
share of individuals willing to give up substantial amounts
of earnings by not choosing their highest-paying
occupation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710559},
Key = {fds357597}
}
@article{fds352381,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Abrahams, S and AlFakhri, M and Hotz, VJ and Schoeni,
RF and Seltzer, JA},
Title = {Disparities in vulnerability to complications from COVID-19
arising from disparities in preexisting conditions in the
United States.},
Journal = {Research in social stratification and mobility},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {100553},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100553},
Abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has magnified U.S. health disparities.
Though disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization by
race-ethnicity are large, disparities by income and
education have not been studied. Using an index based on
preexisting health conditions and age, we estimate
disparities in vulnerability to hospitalization from
COVID-19 by income, education, and race-ethnicity for U.S.
adults. The index uses estimates of health condition and age
effects on hospitalization for respiratory distress prior to
the pandemic validated on COVID-19 hospitalizations. We find
vulnerability arising from preexisting conditions is nearly
three times higher for bottom versus top income quartile
adults and 60 % higher for those with a high-school degree
relative to a college degree. Though non-Hispanic Blacks are
more vulnerable than non-Hispanic Whites at comparable ages,
among all adults the groups are equally vulnerable because
non-Hispanic Blacks are younger. Hispanics are the least
vulnerable. Results suggest that income and education
disparities in hospitalization are likely large and should
be examined directly to further understand the unequal
impact of the pandemic.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100553},
Key = {fds352381}
}
@article{fds349909,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Abrahams, S and AlFakhri, M and Hotz, VJ and Schoeni,
RF and Seltzer, JA},
Title = {Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from
COVID-19 in the United States.},
Journal = {medRxiv : the preprint server for health
sciences},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.28.20115899},
Abstract = {This paper provides the first nationally representative
estimates of vulnerability to severe complications from
COVID-19 overall and across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic
status. We use the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to
examine the prevalence of specific health conditions
associated with complications from COVID-19 and to
calculate, for each individual, an index of the risk of
severe complications from respiratory infections developed
by DeCaprio et al. (2020). We show large disparities across
race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the prevalence of
conditions, including hypertension, which are associated
with the risk of severe complications from COVID-19.
Moreover, we show that these disparities emerge early in
life, prior to age 65, leading to higher vulnerability to
such complications. Our results suggest particular attention
should be paid to the risk of adverse outcomes in midlife
for non-Hispanic blacks, adults with a high school degree or
less, and low-income Americans.},
Doi = {10.1101/2020.05.28.20115899},
Key = {fds349909}
}
@article{fds357598,
Author = {Choi, H and Schoeni, RF and Wiemers, EE and Hotz, VJ and Seltzer,
JA},
Title = {Spatial Distance between Parents and Adult Children in the
United States.},
Journal = {Journal of marriage and the family},
Volume = {82},
Number = {2},
Pages = {822-840},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12606},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This brief report presents contemporary
national estimates of the spatial distance between
residences of parents and adult children in the United
States, including distance to one's nearest parent and/or
adult child and whether one lives near all of their parents
and adult children.<h4>Background</h4>The most recent
national estimates of parent-child spatial proximity come
from data for the early 1990s. Moreover, research has rarely
assessed spatial clustering of all parents and adult
children.<h4>Method</h4>Data are from the 2013 Panel Study
of Income Dynamics on residential locations of adults 25 and
older and each of their parents and adult children. Two
measures of spatial proximity were estimated: distance to
nearest parent or adult child, and the share of adults who
have all parents and/or adult children living nearby.
Sociodemographic and geographic differences were examined
for both measures.<h4>Results</h4>Among adults with at least
one living parent or adult child, a significant majority
(74.8%) had their nearest parent or adult child within 30
miles, and about one third (35.5%) had all parents and adult
children living that close. Spatial proximity differed
substantially among sociodemographic groups, with those who
were disadvantaged more likely to have their parents or
adult children nearby. In most cases, sociodemographic
disparities were much higher when spatial proximity was
measured by proximity to all parents and all adult children
instead of to nearest parent or nearest adult
child.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Disparities in having all parents
and/or adult children nearby may be a result of family
solidarity and also may affect family solidarity. This
report sets the stage for new investigations of the spatial
dimension of family cohesion.},
Doi = {10.1111/jomf.12606},
Key = {fds357598}
}
@article{fds347131,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Wiswall, M},
Title = {Child Care and Child Care Policy: Existing Policies, Their
Effects, and Reforms},
Journal = {Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {686},
Number = {1},
Pages = {310-338},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716219884078},
Abstract = {We analyze policies that support and affect the provision
and costs of child care in the United States. These policies
are motivated by at least three objectives: (1) improving
the cognitive and social development of young children, (2)
facilitating maternal employment, and (3) alleviating
poverty. We summarize this policy landscape and the evidence
on the effects they have on the development of children and
parents. We provide a summary of the use and costs of
nonparental child care services; and we summarize existing
policies and programs that subsidize child care costs,
provide child care to certain groups, and regulate various
aspects of the services provided in the United States. We
then review the evidence on the effects that child care
policies have on these objectives. We go on to discuss the
existing evidence of their effects on various outcomes.
Finally, we outline three reform proposals that will both
facilitate work by low-income mothers and improve the
quality of child care that their children
receive.},
Doi = {10.1177/0002716219884078},
Key = {fds347131}
}
@article{fds340659,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Seltzer, JA and Schoeni, RF and Hotz, VJ and Bianchi,
SM},
Title = {Stepfamily Structure and Transfers Between Generations in
U.S. Families.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {229-260},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0740-1},
Abstract = {Unstable couple relationships and high rates of repartnering
have increased the share of U.S. families with stepkin. Yet
data on stepfamily structure are from earlier periods,
include only coresident stepkin, or cover only older adults.
In this study, we use new data on family structure and
transfers in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to
describe the prevalence and numbers of stepparents and
stepchildren for adults of all ages and to characterize the
relationship between having stepkin and transfers of time
and money between generations, regardless of whether the kin
live together. We find that having stepparents and
stepchildren is very common among U.S. households,
especially younger households. Furthermore, stepkin
substantially increase the typical household's family size;
stepparents and stepchildren increase a household's number
of parents and adult children by nearly 40 % for
married/cohabiting couples with living parents and children.
However, having stepkin is associated with fewer transfers,
particularly time transfers between married women and their
stepparents and stepchildren. The increase in the number of
family members due to stepkin is insufficient to compensate
for the lower likelihood of transfers in stepfamilies. Our
findings suggest that recent cohorts with more stepkin may
give less time assistance to adult children and receive less
time assistance from children in old age than prior
generations.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-018-0740-1},
Key = {fds340659}
}
@article{fds341373,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Wiemers, E and Rasmussen, J and Koegel,
K},
Title = {The Role of Parental Wealth and Income in Financing
Children's College Attendance and its Consequences},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds341373}
}
@article{fds341374,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes Across Cohorts in Wage Returns to Schooling and
Early Work Experiences},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds341374}
}
@misc{fds349330,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {The impacts of teenage childbearing on the mothers and the
consequences of those impacts for government},
Pages = {55-94},
Booktitle = {Kids Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of
Teen Pregnancy},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781138321328},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429452635-3},
Abstract = {The everyday hardships of teen motherhood come into public
consciousness through media attention to and the prevalence
of teen childbearing throughout the United States. The
apparent adverse consequences of teen motherhood have become
an important issue in the current debate over reforming the
US welfare system. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
(NLSY) is a nationally representative sample of young men
and women who were 14 to 21 years old in 1979. Thus, the
teenage years of women in our study occurred between 1970
and 1985. The NLSY yields data on annual benefits received
from Aid to Families with Dependent Children and food
stamps, as well as the benefits from other social programs,
including Supplemental Security Income and General
Assistance. Teen mothers come from much more disadvantaged
backgrounds than do women who delay childbearing. Failure to
delay childbearing, though much smaller than suggested by
the earlier comparisons, has a negative and lasting effect
on a teen mother's marriage prospects.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780429452635-3},
Key = {fds349330}
}
@article{fds340660,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Johansson, P and Karimi, A},
Title = {Parenthood, Family Friendly Workplaces, and the Gender Gaps
in Early Work Careers},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds340660}
}
@article{fds340661,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes Across Cohorts in Wage Returns to Schooling and
Early Work Experiences},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds340661}
}
@article{fds238249,
Author = {Aucejo, EM and Bugni, FA and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Identification and inference on regressions with missing
covariate data},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {196-241},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466615000250},
Abstract = {This paper examines the problem of identification and
inference on a conditional moment condition model with
missing data, with special focus on the case when the
conditioning covariates are missing. We impose no assumption
on the distribution of the missing data and we confront the
missing data problem by using a worst case scenario
approach. We characterize the sharp identified set and argue
that this set is usually too complex to compute or to use
for inference. Given this difficulty, we consider the
construction of outer identified sets (i.e. supersets of the
identified set) that are easier to compute and can still
characterize the parameter of interest. Two different outer
identification strategies are proposed. Both of these
strategies are shown to have nontrivial identifying power
and are relatively easy to use and combine for inferential
purposes.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466615000250},
Key = {fds238249}
}
@article{fds321963,
Author = {Wiemers, EE and Slanchev, V and McGarry, K and Hotz,
VJ},
Title = {Living Arrangements of Mothers and Their Adult Children Over
the Life Course.},
Journal = {Research on aging},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {111-134},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027516656138},
Abstract = {Early in the last century, it was commonplace for elderly
women to live with their adult children. Over time, the
prevalence of this type of living arrangement declined, as
incomes increased. In more recent decades, coresidence
between adult children and their retirement-age parents has
become more common, as children rely on parental support
later into adulthood. We use panel data from the Panel Study
of Income Dynamics to examine the living arrangements of
older mothers and their adult children over the life course.
We pay particular attention to the relationship between
coresidence and indicators of parental and child needs. Our
results suggest that for much of the life course,
coresidence serves to benefit primarily the adult children
rather than their older mother. We also highlight a little
known phenomenon, that of children who never leave the
parental home and remain coresident well into their later
adult years.},
Doi = {10.1177/0164027516656138},
Key = {fds321963}
}
@article{fds321964,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, EM and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {University Differences in the Graduation of Minorities in
STEM Fields: Evidence from California.},
Pages = {525-562},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20130626},
Abstract = {We examine differences in minority science graduation rates
among University of California campuses when racial
preferences were in place. Less prepared minorities at
higher ranked campuses had lower persistence rates in
science and took longer to graduate. We estimate a model of
students' college major choice where net returns of a
science major differ across campuses and student
preparation. We find less prepared minority students at top
ranked campuses would have higher science graduation rates
had they attended lower ranked campuses. Better matching of
science students to universities by preparation and
providing information about students' prospects in different
major-university combinations could increase minority
science graduation.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20130626},
Key = {fds321964}
}
@article{fds357599,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, EM and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {University differences in the graduation minorities in STEM
fields: evidence from California},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {We examine differences in minority science graduation rates
among University of California campuses when racial
preferences were in place. Less-prepared minorities at
higher-ranked campuses had lower persistence rates in
science and took longer to graduate. We estimate a model of
students' college major choice where net returns of a
science major differ across campuses and student
preparation. We find less-prepared minority students at top-
ranked campuses would have higher science graduation rates
had they attended lower-ranked campuses. Better matching of
science students to universities by preparation and
providing information about students' prospects in different
major-university combinations could increase minority
science graduation.},
Key = {fds357599}
}
@article{fds325251,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, EM and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {University Differences in the Graduation of Minorities in
STEM Fields: Evidence from California},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {3},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {We examine differences in minority science graduation rates
among University of California campuses when racial
preferences were in place. Less prepared minorities at
higher ranked campuses had lower persistence rates in
science and took longer to graduate. We estimate a model of
students' college major choice where net returns of a
science major differ across campuses and student
preparation. We find less prepared minority students at top
ranked campuses would have higher science graduation rates
had they attended lower ranked campuses. Better matching of
science students to universities by preparation and
providing information about students' prospects in different
major-university combinations could increase minority
science graduation. (JEL D14, E23, E32, E43, E52, E61,
E62)},
Key = {fds325251}
}
@article{fds344662,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Pantano, J},
Title = {Strategic parenting, birth order, and school
performance.},
Journal = {Journal of population economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {911-936},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0542-3},
Abstract = {Fueled by new evidence, there has been renewed interest
about the effects of birth order on human capital
accumulation. The underlying causal mechanisms for such
effects remain unsettled. We consider a model in which
parents impose more stringent disciplinary environments in
response to their earlier-born children's poor performance
in school in order to deter such outcomes for their
later-born offspring. We provide robust empirical evidence
that school performance of children in the National
Longitudinal Study Children (NLSY-C) declines with birth
order as does the stringency of their parents' disciplinary
restrictions. When asked how they will respond if a child
brought home bad grades, parents state that they would be
less likely to punish their later-born children. Taken
together, these patterns are consistent with a reputation
model of strategic parenting.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00148-015-0542-3},
Key = {fds344662}
}
@article{fds303244,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Tienda, M and Ahituv, A},
Title = {Transition from School to Work: Black, Hispanic and White
Men in the 1980s"},
Pages = {250-258},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303244}
}
@article{fds303239,
Author = {Hotz, VJ},
Title = {The Labor Response of Married Women in the New Jersey
Negative Income Tax Experiment},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303239}
}
@article{fds303240,
Author = {Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Labor Supply Estimates for Public Policy Evaluation: A
Comment},
Journal = {Industrial Relations Research Association
Proceedings},
Pages = {332-335},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303240}
}
@article{fds303241,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Epple, D and Zelenitz, A},
Title = {Employment Contracts, Risk Sharing, and the Role of
Unions},
Journal = {Research in Labor Economics},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0147-9121},
Key = {fds303241}
}
@article{fds303242,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Avery, J},
Title = {Statistical Approaches to Modeling Absenteeism},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303242}
}
@article{fds303245,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Tienda, M},
Title = {"Education and Employment in a Diverse Society: Generating
Inequality through the School-to-Work Transition"},
Journal = {American Diversity: A Demographic Challenge for the
Twenty-First Century},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303245}
}
@article{fds303246,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Scholz, JK},
Title = {"The Earned Income Tax Credit"},
Journal = {Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the U.S.},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303246}
}
@article{fds303248,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Bianchi, S and McGarry, K and Seltzer,
J},
Title = {"Intergenerational Ties: Alternative Theories, Empirical
Findings and Trends, and Remaining Challenges"},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303248}
}
@article{fds303249,
Author = {Hotz, J and Siegfried, J},
Title = {"Economics and the Earned Income Tax Credit: A
Comment"},
Journal = {Better Living Through Economics: How Economic Research
Improves Our Lives"},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303249}
}
@misc{fds303243,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Heckman, J},
Title = {"Are Classical Experiments Necessary for Evaluating the
Impact of Manpower Training Programs? A Critical
Assessment"},
Pages = {291-302},
Booktitle = {Industrial Relations Research Association
Proceedings},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds303243}
}
@article{fds238253,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Schoeni, R and Bianchi, S and Seltzer, J and Wiemers,
E},
Title = {Intergenerational Transfers and Rosters of the Extended
Family: A New Substudy of the Panel Study of Income
Dynamics},
Journal = {Longitudinal and Life Course Studies},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {319-330},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14301/llcs.v6i3.332},
Abstract = {Family members provide support to each other at critical
life stages. To better understand the pervasiveness, causes,
and consequences of such support, a sub-study of the United
States (U.S.) Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) was
created. A battery of questions on family relationships and
intergenerational transfers was designed, pretested on a
U.S. national telephone sample, and then administered in the
2013 wave of the PSID. These new data are available to the
public. Given the extensive supporting data available on the
respondents and members of their co-resident and
non-co-resident family members - many of whom are
interviewed themselves - the new sub-study will become a
valuable resource to researchers.},
Doi = {10.14301/llcs.v6i3.332},
Key = {fds238253}
}
@article{fds357600,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, E and Coate, P and Hotz,
VJ},
Title = {Affirmative action and university fit: evidence from
Proposition 209},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-8997-3-7},
Abstract = {Proposition 209 banned the use of racial preferences in
admissions at public colleges in California. We analyze
unique data for all applicants and enrollees within the
University of California (UC) system before and after Prop
209. After Prop 209, minority graduation rates increased by
4.35 percentage points. We present evidence that certain
institutions are better at graduating more-prepared students
while other institutions are better at graduating
less-prepared students and that these matching effects are
particularly important for the bottom tail of the
qualification distribution. We find that Prop 209 led to a
more efficient sorting of minority students, explaining 18%
of the graduation rate increase in our preferred
specification. Further, there appears to have been
behavioral responses to Prop 209, by universities and/or
students, that explain between 23% and 64% of the graduation
rate increase. JEL codes: I28; J15},
Doi = {10.1186/2193-8997-3-7},
Key = {fds357600}
}
@article{fds325252,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Recovering Ex Ante Returns and Preferences for Occupations
Using Subjective Expectations Data},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds325252}
}
@article{fds324690,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Recovering Ex Ante Returns and Preferences for Occupations
Using Subjective Expectations Data},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {178},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We show that data on subjective expectations, especially on
outcomes from counterfactual choices and choice
probabilities, are a powerful tool in recovering ex ante
treatment effects as well as preferences for different
treatments. In this paper we focus on the choice of
occupation, and use elicited beliefs from a sample of male
undergraduates at Duke University. By asking individuals
about potential earnings associated with counterfactual
choices of college majors and occupations, we can recover
the distribution of the ex ante monetary returns to
particular occupations, and how these returns vary across
majors. We then propose a model of occupational choice which
allows us to link subjective data on earnings and choice
probabilities with the non-pecuniary preferences for each
occupation. We find large differences in expected earnings
across occupations, and substantial heterogeneity across
individuals in the corresponding ex ante returns. However,
while sorting across occupations is partly driven by the ex
ante monetary returns, non-monetary factors play a key role
in this decision. Finally, our results point to the
existence of sizable complementarities between college major
and occupations, both in terms of earnings and non-monetary
benefits.},
Key = {fds324690}
}
@misc{fds238260,
Author = {Hotz, VJ},
Title = {The economic approach to modeling adolescent sexual
behavior: Empirical implications},
Pages = {213-219},
Booktitle = {Romance and Sex in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Risks
and Opportunities},
Publisher = {PSYCHOLOGY PRESS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781410617361},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000233592500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In reviewing the work by Manlove, Franzetta, Ryan, and Moore
(this volume), I begin with a brief discussion of the
economic approach to the modeling of adolescent sexual
behavior and discuss its empirical implications. To
illustrate this approach, I discuss several recent studies
by economists of several aspects of the sexual behavior of
teens. Then, I pay particular attention to the
appropriateness of some of the empirical methods used by
Manlove et al. in their study and the types of relationships
they attempt to identify using these methods. Not discussed
here is the authors’ organization of the data from the
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add
Health) since that is covered in Upchurch (this
volume).},
Doi = {10.4324/9781410617361},
Key = {fds238260}
}
@article{fds215651,
Author = {P. Arcidiacono and E. Aucejo and V. J. Hotz},
Title = {University Differences in the Graduation of Minorities in
STEM Fields: Evidence from California},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~vjh3/working_papers/stem_majors.pdf},
Abstract = {The low number of college graduates with science degrees --
particularly among under-represented minorities -- is of
growing concern. We examine differences across universities
in graduating students in different fields. Using
student-level data on the University of California system
during a period in which racial preferences were in place,
we show significant sorting into majors based on academic
preparation, with science majors at each campus having on
average stronger credentials than their non-science
counterparts. Students with relatively weaker academic
preparation are significantly more likely to leave the
sciences and take longer to graduate at each campus. We show
the vast majority of minority students would be more likely
to graduate with a science degree and graduate in less time
had they attended a lower ranked university. Similar results
do not apply for non-minority students.},
Key = {fds215651}
}
@article{fds215656,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Xiao},
Title = {Strategic Information Disclosure: The Case of Mult-Attribute
Products with Heterogeneous Consumers},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {865-881.},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We examine the incentives for firms to voluntarily disclose
otherwise private information about the quality attributes
of their products. In particular, we focus on the case of
differentiated products with multiple attributes and
heterogeneous consumers. We show that there exist certain
configurations of consumers’ multidimensional preferences
under which a firm, no matter whether producing a high- or
lowquality product, may choose not to reveal the quality
even with zero disclosure costs. The failure of information
unraveling arises when providing consumers with more
information results in more elastic demand, which triggers
more intensive price competition and leads to lower prices
and profits for competing firms. As a result, the
equilibrium in which disclosure is voluntary may diverge
from that in which disclosure is mandatory.},
Key = {fds215656}
}
@article{fds215654,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Xiao},
Title = {Strategic Information Disclosure: The Case of Mult-Attribute
Products with Heterogeneous Consumers},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {865-881.},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {We examine the incentives for firms to voluntarily disclose
otherwise private information about the quality attributes
of their products. In particular, we focus on the case of
differentiated products with multiple attributes and
heterogeneous consumers. We show that there exist certain
configurations of consumers’ multidimensional preferences
under which a firm, no matter whether producing a high- or
lowquality product, may choose not to reveal the quality
even with zero disclosure costs. The failure of information
unraveling arises when providing consumers with more
information results in more elastic demand, which triggers
more intensive price competition and leads to lower prices
and profits for competing firms. As a result, the
equilibrium in which disclosure is voluntary may diverge
from that in which disclosure is mandatory.},
Key = {fds215654}
}
@article{fds215652,
Author = {M. Dalton and V. J. Hotz and D. Thomas},
Title = {Resources, Composition and Family Decision-Making},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper examines the role of family members in resource
allocation decisions, taking into account the distribution
of resources, demographic composition and living
arrangements and location choices of spatially dispersed
families. We explore resource allocations by families in an
effort to shed light on the extent to which non co-resident
family members, i.e., extended families, are connected
through such allocations. We test whether fluctuations in
resources in one household within an extended family are
fully insured by access to resources in other households
within that same family. We find insurance is incomplete in
this setting, a result that is consistent with Altonji,
Hayashi and Kotlikoff (1992) as well as a large literature
on decision-making within households. Of central interest in
this research is an exploration of whether non co-resident
family members behave as a collective in the sense that
allocations can be treated as if they are Pareto efficient
That model also is rejected. The paper then investigates
whether there are systematic patterns underlying these
departures from efficiency. Highlighting decisions revolving
around large, lumpy expenditures, we find that the
departures from efficiency appear to be related, on the one
hand, to spending on education by families with college-aged
children and non co-resident grandparents, and, on the other
hand, to spending on housing among younger, childless
couples and their parents. This evidence suggests new
avenues for empirical tests of models of family behavior and
investment in human and physical capital.},
Key = {fds215652}
}
@article{fds238256,
Author = {HOTZ, VJ and XIAO, M},
Title = {STRATEGIC INFORMATION DISCLOSURE: THE CASE OF MULTIATTRIBUTE
PRODUCTS WITH HETEROGENEOUS CONSUMERS},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {865-881},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds238256}
}
@article{fds238277,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Xiao, M},
Title = {Strategic information disclosure: The case of multiattribute
products with heterogeneous consumers},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {865-881},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2010.00340.x},
Abstract = {We examine the incentives for firms to voluntarily disclose
otherwise private information about the quality attributes
of their products. In particular, we focus on the case of
differentiated products with multiple attributes and
heterogeneous consumers. We show that there exist certain
configurations of consumers' multidimensional preferences
under which a firm, no matter whether producing a high- or
low-quality product, may choose not to reveal the quality
even with zero disclosure costs. The failure of information
unraveling arises when providing consumers with more
information results in more elastic demand, which triggers
more intensive price competition and leads to lower prices
and profits for competing firms. As a result, the
equilibrium in which disclosure is voluntary may diverge
from that in which disclosure is mandatory. © 2011 Western
Economic Association International.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.2010.00340.x},
Key = {fds238277}
}
@article{fds321965,
Author = {Cahuc, P and Hotz, VJ and Gielen, AC and Zimmermann,
KF},
Title = {Editorial: IZA Journal of Labor Economics},
Journal = {IZA Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-8997-1-1},
Doi = {10.1186/2193-8997-1-1},
Key = {fds321965}
}
@article{fds175466,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Federico Bugni and Esteban Aucejo},
Title = {Identification and Inference of Regressions with Missing
Covariate Data},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds175466}
}
@article{fds238255,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, EM and Coate, P and Hotz,
VJ},
Title = {Affirmative Action and University Fit: Evidence from
Proposition 209},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~vjh3/working_papers/prop_209.pdf},
Abstract = {Proposition 209 banned the use of racial preferences in
admissions at public colleges in California. We analyze
unique data for all applicants and enrollees within the
University of California (UC) system before and after Prop
209. After Prop 209, graduation rates increased by 4.4%. We
present evidence that certain institutions are better at
graduating more-prepared students while other institutions
are better at graduating less-prepared students and that
these matching effects are particularly important for the
bottom tail of the qualification distribution. We find that
Prop 209 led to a more efficient sorting of minority
students, explaining 18% of the graduation rate increase in
our preferred specification. Further, universities appear to
have responded to Prop 209 by investing more in their
students, explaining between 23-64% of the graduation rate
increase.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER
working paper series, and residents of developing countries
may download this paper without additional charge at <a
href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??18523"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds238255}
}
@unpublished{fds215653,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and P. Arcidiacono and E. Aucejo and P. Coate},
Title = {Estimating the Effects of California’s Affirmative Action
Ban on College Enrollment and Graduation Rates: A Cautionary
Note},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds215653}
}
@article{fds238275,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Modeling college major choices using elicited measures of
expectations and counterfactuals},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {166},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-16},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.002},
Abstract = {The choice of a college major plays a critical role in
determining the future earnings of college graduates.
Students make their college major decisions in part due to
the future earnings streams associated with the different
majors. We survey students about what their expected
earnings would be both in the major they have chosen and in
counterfactual majors. We also elicit students' subjective
assessments of their abilities in chosen and counterfactual
majors. We estimate a model of college major choice that
incorporates these subjective expectations and assessments.
We show that both expected earnings and students' abilities
in the different majors are important determinants of a
student's choice of a college major. We also consider how
differences in students' forecasts about what the average
Duke student would earn in different majors versus what they
expect they would earn both influence one's choice of a
college major. In particular, our estimates suggest that
7.8% of students would switch majors if they had the same
expectations about the average returns to different majors
and differed only in their perceived comparative advantages
across these majors. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.002},
Key = {fds238275}
}
@article{fds357601,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Modeling college major choices using elicited measures of
expectations and counterfactuals},
Volume = {166},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-16},
Year = {2012},
Abstract = {The choice of a college major plays a critical role in
determining the future earnings of college graduates.
Students make their college major decisions in part due to
the future earnings streams associated with the different
majors. We survey students about what their expected
earnings would be both in the major they have chosen and in
counterfactual majors. We also elicit students’ subjective
assessments of their abilities in chosen and counterfactual
majors. We estimate a model of college major choice that
incorporates these subjective expectations and assessments.
We show that both expected earnings and students’
abilities in the different majors are important determinants
of a student’s choice of a college major. We also consider
how differences in students’ forecasts about what the
average Duke student would earn in different majors versus
what they expect they would earn both influence one’s
choice of a college major. In particular, our estimates
suggest that 7.8% of students would switch majors if they
had the same expectations about the average returns to
different majors and differed only in their perceived
comparative advantages across these majors.},
Key = {fds357601}
}
@article{fds238276,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Joseph Hotz and V and Xiao, M},
Title = {The Impact of Regulations on the Supply and Quality of Care
in Child Care Markets.},
Journal = {The American economic review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1775-1805},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.5.1775},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of state child care regulations on the
supply and quality of care in child care markets. We exploit
panel data on both individual establishments and local
markets to control for state, time, and, where possible,
establishment-specific fixed effects to mitigate the
potential bias due to policy endogeneity. We find that the
imposition of regulations reduces the number of center-based
child care establishments, especially in lower income
markets. However, such regulations increase the quality of
services provided, especially in higher income areas. Thus,
there are winners and losers from the regulation of child
care services.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.5.1775},
Key = {fds238276}
}
@article{fds357602,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Xiao, M},
Title = {The Impact of Regulations on the Supply and Quality of Care
in Child Care Markets},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1775-1805},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of state child care regulations on the
supply and quality of care in child care markets. We exploit
panel data on both individual establishments and local
markets to control for state, time, and, where possible,
establishment-specific fixed effects to mitigate the
potential bias due to policy endogeneity. We find that the
imposition of regulations reduces the number of center-based
child care establishments, especially in lower income
markets. However, such regulations increase the quality of
services provided, especially in higher income areas. Thus,
there are winners and losers from the regulation of child
care services. (JEL H75, J13, L51, L84)},
Key = {fds357602}
}
@article{fds185889,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and K. McGarry and E. Wiemers},
Title = {Living Arrangements of Mothers and their Adult Children over
the Life Course},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~vjh3/working_papers/living_arrangements.pdf},
Abstract = {Early in the last century, it was commonplace for elderly
women to live with their adult children. Over time the
prevalence of this type of living arrangement declined as
incomes increased. However, the recent recession has brought
with it numerous accounts of families responding to economic
hardship by forming multigenerational households. In this
paper we draw on the long panel of data available in the
PSID to examine the living arrangements of older women and
their adult children over the life course. We pay particular
attention to the relationship between socioeconomic status
and coresidence. Our results suggest that for much of the
life course, coresidence serves to benefit primarily the
adult children rather than the older parent. We also
highlight a little known phenomenon, that of children who
never leave the parental home and remain coresident well
into their later adult years.},
Key = {fds185889}
}
@article{fds357603,
Author = {Fajnzylber, E and Sanders, SG and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {An Economic Model of Amniocentesis Choice},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds357603}
}
@article{fds185891,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Charles Mullin and John Karl Scholz},
Title = {Examining the Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit on the
Labor Market Participation of Families on
Welfare},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~vjh3/working_papers/EITC2.pdf},
Keywords = {tax policy; labor supply},
Key = {fds185891}
}
@article{fds238278,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Fajnzylber, E and Hotz, VJ and Sanders, SG},
Title = {An economic model of amniocentesis choice.},
Journal = {Advances in life course research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-26},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1040-2608},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21516255},
Abstract = {Medical practitioners typically utilize the following
protocol when advising pregnant women about testing for the
possibility of genetic disorders with their fetus: Pregnant
women over the age of 35 should be tested for Down syndrome
and other genetic disorders, while for younger women, such
tests are discouraged (or not discussed) as the test can
cause a pregnancy to miscarry. The logic appears compelling.
The rate at which amniocentesis causes a pregnancy to
miscarry is constant while the rate of genetic disorder
rises substantially over a woman's reproductive years. Hence
the potential benefit from testing - being able to terminate
a fetus that is known to have a genetic disorder - rises
with maternal age. This article argues that this logic is
incomplete. While the benefits to testing do rise with age,
the costs rise as well. Undergoing an amniocentesis always
entails the risk of inducing a miscarriage of a healthy
fetus. However, these costs are lower at early ages, because
there is a higher probability of being able to replace a
miscarried fetus with a healthy birth at a later age. We
develop and calibrate a dynamic model of amniocentesis
choice to explore this tradeoff. For parameters that
characterize realistic age patterns of chromosomal
abnormalities, fertility rates and miscarriages following
amniocentesis, our model implies a falling, rather than
rising, rate of amniocentesis as women approach
menopause.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.alcr.2010.08.001},
Key = {fds238278}
}
@article{fds357604,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Kang, S},
Title = {Modeling College Major Choices Using Elicited Measures of
Expectations and Counterfactuals},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds357604}
}
@article{fds340662,
Author = {Klerman, JA and Cox, AG and Hotz, VJ and Mullins,
C},
Title = {Program Take-Up Among CalWORKs Leavers: Medi-Cal, Food
Stamps, and the EITC: An Evaluation of Participation in
Work-Support Programs by CalWORKs Leavers},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds340662}
}
@misc{fds164626,
Author = {V. J. Hotz},
Title = {Economics and the Earned Income Tax Credit: A
Comment},
Pages = {106-109},
Booktitle = {Better Living Through Economics: How Economic Research
Improves Our Lives},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Editor = {J. Siegfried},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds164626}
}
@article{fds175463,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Mo Xiao},
Title = {Strategic Information Disclosure: The Case of Mult-Attribute
Products with Heterogeneous Consumers},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {Forthcoming},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~vjh3/working_papers/Disclosure.pdf},
Abstract = {We examine the incentives for firms to voluntarily disclose
otherwise private information about the quality attributes
of their products. In particular, we focus on the case of
differentiated products with multiple attributes and
heterogeneous consumers. We show that there exist certain
configurations of consumers’ multi-dimensional preferences
under which a firm, no matter whether producing a high- or
low-quality product, may choose not to reveal the quality
even with zero disclosure costs. The failure of information
unraveling arises when providing consumers with more
information results in more elastic demand, which triggers
more intensive price competition and leads to lower prices
and profits for competing firms. As a result, the
equilibrium in which disclosure is voluntary may diverge
from that in which disclosure is mandatory.},
Key = {fds175463}
}
@misc{fds238258,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Tienda, M and Ahituv, A and Frost, MB and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Employment and Wage Prospects of Black, White, and Hispanic
Women},
Pages = {129-160},
Booktitle = {Human Resources Economics and Public Policy: Essays in Honor
of Vernon Briggs, Jr.},
Publisher = {Upjohn Institute Press},
Editor = {Whalen, CJ},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {9780880993593},
Key = {fds238258}
}
@article{fds164621,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and L. Hao and G. Jin and J. Pantano},
Title = {Parental Learning and Teenagers’ Risky
Behavior},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds164621}
}
@article{fds238283,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Crump, RK and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Mitnik,
OA},
Title = {Dealing with limited overlap in estimation of average
treatment effects},
Journal = {Biometrika},
Volume = {96},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-199},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0006-3444},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asn055},
Abstract = {Estimation of average treatment effects under unconfounded
or ignorable treatment assignment is often hampered by lack
of overlap in the covariate distributions between treatment
groups. This lack of overlap can lead to imprecise
estimates, and can make commonly used estimators sensitive
to the choice of specification. In such cases researchers
have often used ad hoc methods for trimming the sample. We
develop a systematic approach to addressing lack of overlap.
We characterize optimal subsamples for which the average
treatment effect can be estimated most precisely. Under some
conditions, the optimal selection rules depend solely on the
propensity score. For a wide range of distributions, a good
approximation to the optimal rule is provided by the simple
rule of thumb to discard all units with estimated propensity
scores outside the range 0.1,0.9. © 2009 Biometrika
Trust.},
Doi = {10.1093/biomet/asn055},
Key = {fds238283}
}
@article{fds357605,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Crump, RK and Mitnik, OA and Imbens,
G},
Title = {Dealing with Limited Overlap in Estimation of Average
Treatment Effects},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {Estimation of average treatment effects under unconfounded
or ignorable treatment assignment is often hampered by lack
of overlap in the covariate distributions between treatment
groups. This lack of overlap can lead to imprecise
estimates, and can make commonly used estimators sensitive
to the choice of specification. In such cases researchers
have often used ad hoc methods for trimming the sample. We
develop a systematic approach to addressing lack of overlap.
We characterize optimal subsamples for which the average
treatment effect can be estimated most precisely. Under some
conditions, the optimal selection rules depend solely on the
propensity score. For a wide range of distributions, a good
approximation to the optimal rule is provided by the simple
rule of thumb to discard all units with estimated propensity
scores outside the range [0.1,0.9].},
Key = {fds357605}
}
@article{fds238284,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Crump, RK and Joseph Hotz and V and Imbens, GW and Mitnik,
OA},
Title = {Nonparametric tests for treatment effect
heterogeneity},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {90},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-405},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest.90.3.389},
Abstract = {In this paper we develop two nonparametric tests of
treatment effect heterogeneity. The first test is for the
null hypothesis that the treatment has a zero average effect
for all subpopulations defined by covariates. The second
test is for the null hypothesis that the average effect
conditional on the covariates is identical for all
subpopulations, that is, that there is no heterogeneity in
average treatment effects by covariates. We derive tests
that are straightforward to implement and illustrate the use
of these tests on data from two sets of experimental
evaluations of the effects of welfare-to-work programs. ©
2008 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.90.3.389},
Key = {fds238284}
}
@article{fds164623,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J. Pantano},
Title = {Strategic Parenting, Birth Order and School
Achievement},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds164623}
}
@article{fds238279,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hao, L and Hotz, VJ and Jin, GZ},
Title = {Games Parents and Adolescents Play: Risky Behaviors,
Parental Reputation, and Strategic Transfers.},
Journal = {Economic journal (London, England)},
Volume = {118},
Number = {528},
Pages = {515-555},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21660221},
Abstract = {This paper examines parental reputation formation in
intra-familial interactions. In a repeated two-stage game,
children decide whether to drop out of high school or
daughters decide whether to have births as teens and parents
then decide whether to provide support to their children
beyond age 18. Drawing on Milgrom and Roberts (1982) and
Kreps and Wilson (1982), we show that, under certain
conditions, parents have the incentive to penalize older
children for their adolescent risk-taking behaviours in
order to dissuade their younger children from such
behaviours when reaching adolescence. We find evidence in
favour of this parental reputation model.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02132.x},
Key = {fds238279}
}
@article{fds238282,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Scholz, JK},
Title = {Can administrative data on child support be used to improve
the EITC? Evidence from Wisconsin},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {189-203},
Publisher = {National Tax Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2008.2.02},
Abstract = {We examine EITC compliance using a unique dataset combining
income tax returns, Unemployment Insurance data, state child
support data, and data collected by hand from Wisconsin
courthouses. A substantial number of EITC claims are made by
adults listed as the court-ordered payor or by adults not
identified in child support data. Simple calculations
extrapolating Wisconsin's experience to the rest of the
country suggest that as much as $1.7 billion of noncompliant
EITC claims could possibly be identified. We conclude that
the child support case registry can be an effective tool for
identifying a subset of inappropriate EITC claims prior to
payment.},
Doi = {10.17310/ntj.2008.2.02},
Key = {fds238282}
}
@misc{fds164628,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and S. McElroy and S. Sanders},
Title = {Consequences of Teen Childbearing for Mothers},
Pages = {51-74},
Booktitle = {Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of Teen
Pregnancy, 2nd Ed.},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {S. Hoffman and R. Maynard},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds164628}
}
@misc{fds164618,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Suzanne Bianchi and Kathleen McGarry and Judith
Seltzer},
Title = {Intergenerational Ties: Alternative Theories, Empirical
Findings and Trends, and Remaining Challenges},
Pages = {3-44},
Booktitle = {Intergenerational Caregiving},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {A. Booth and N. Crouter and S. Bianchi and J. Seltzer},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds164618}
}
@article{fds357606,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Luppino, M and McKee, D and Bacolod,
M},
Title = {How have the Returns to Schooling and Work Experience
Changed over the Last 40 Years? Evidence from Panel
Data},
Year = {2008},
Abstract = {This study examines how the returns to wages of early work
and schooling experiences changed for young men and women in
the United States over the latter half of the twentieth
century. Our analysis focuses on the experi¬ences of young
men and women from two different birth cohorts—one group
that was of high school age during the second half of the
1960s and a second that began their transition from school
to work in the late 1970s and early 1980s. We pay particular
attention to how the differences across cohorts in these
transitions vary by gender and race/ethnicity and how these
differences affected their subsequent wage attainment. We
estimate an econometric framework to consistently estimate
the returns to youth’s early schooling and work
experiences, and determine the extent to which these returns
varied across cohorts of young men and women, and across
race. We examine returns based on several different
estimation strategies, including one that attempts to deal
with both the endogeneity of accumulated work and schooling
experiences and selection bias in our wage data. Using these
estimates, especially the ones that deal with the potential
endogeneity and selection biases noted above, we investigate
the relative importance of across-cohort differences in
local labor market conditions, college costs, a youth’s
family background and an index of pre-market skills, in
accounting for youth’s schooling and work choices and the
wages they subsequently attained.},
Key = {fds357606}
}
@article{fds357607,
Author = {Mitnik, OK and Imbens, G and Hotz, VJ and Crump, RK},
Title = {Nonparametric Tests for Treatment Effect
Heterogeneity},
Year = {2008},
Abstract = {In this paper we develop two nonparametric tests of
treatment effect heterogeneity. The first test is for the
null hypothesis that the treatment has a zero average effect
for all subpopulations defined by covariates. The second
test is for the null hypothesis that the average effect
conditional on the covariates is identical for all
subpopulations, that is, that there is no heterogeneity in
average treatment effects by covariates. We derive tests
that are straightforward to implement and illustrate the use
of these tests on data from two sets of experimental
evaluations of the effects of welfare-to-work
programs.},
Key = {fds357607}
}
@misc{fds303250,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Bianchi, S and McGarry, K and Seltzer,
S},
Title = {Intergenerational Ties: Alternative Theories, Empirical
Findings and Trends, and Remaining Challenges},
Booktitle = {Intergenerational Caregiving},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {Bianchi, S and Seltzer, J and Booth, A and Crouter,
N},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds303250}
}
@article{fds142888,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Bacolod and D. McKee},
Title = {How of the Returns to Schooling and Work Experiences
Changeover the Last 40 Years? Evidence from the NLS
Cohorts},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds142888}
}
@article{fds357608,
Author = {Crump, RK and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Mitnik,
OA},
Title = {Moving the Goalposts: Addressing Limited Overlap in the
Estimation of Average Treatment Effects by Changing the
Estimand},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds357608}
}
@article{fds164624,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hector Conroy and Catherine Eckel and Amar Hamoudi and Cathleen
Johnson, Cesar Marti-nelli and Susan Parker and Luis Rubalcava and Seth Sanders and Duncan Thomas and Graciela
Teruel},
Title = {Attitudes to Risk, Time Preferences and Socio-Economic
Status: Experimental and Survey Evidence},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds164624}
}
@article{fds357609,
Author = {Crump, RK and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Mitnik,
OA},
Title = {Moving the Goalposts: Addressing Limited Overlap in
Estimation of Average Treatment Effects by Changing the
Estimand},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds357609}
}
@article{fds142890,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J.K. Scholz and C.Mullin},
Title = {Examining the Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit on the
Labor Market Participation of Families on
Welfare},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142890}
}
@article{fds238304,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Bacolod, M and Joseph Hotz and V},
Title = {Cohort changes in the transition from school to work:
Evidence from three NLS surveys},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {351-373},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0272-7757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2005.09.004},
Abstract = {This study examines the changes in the school-to-work
transition of young adults in the United States over the
latter part of the twentieth century. Their transition is
portrayed using data from National Longitudinal Surveys of
Young Women, Young Men, and Youth 1979. In general, we find
that indicators of educational attainment, working while in
school and non-school related work increased across cohorts
for almost all racial/ethnic and gender groups. This was
especially true for young women. Furthermore, various
indicators of personal and family backgrounds changed in
ways consistent with an improvement across cohorts in the
preparation of young men and women for their attainment of
schooling and work experience and their success in the labor
market. The one exception to this general picture of
improvement across cohorts was Hispanic men, who experienced
a notable decline in educational attainment and in a variety
of personal and family background characteristics. With
respect to hourly wage rates, we find that wages over the
ages 16 through 27 declined across cohorts. However, the
rate of growth of wages with age, particularly over adult
ages, increased across cohorts, except Hispanic men. Our
findings highlight the need for accounting for the
endogeneity and selectivity of early skill acquisition. ©
2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2005.09.004},
Key = {fds238304}
}
@article{fds238303,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Klerman, JA},
Title = {Evaluating the differential effects of alternative
welfare-to-work training components: A reanalysis of the
California GAIN program},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {521-566},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0734-306X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/505050},
Abstract = {We show how data from an evaluation in which subjects are
randomly assigned to some treatment versus a control group
can be combined with nonexperimental methods to estimate the
differential effects of alternative treatments. We propose
tests for the validity of these methods. We use these
methods and tests to analyze the differential effects of
labor force attachment (LFA) versus human capital
development (HCD) training components with data from
California's Greater Avenues to Independence (GAIN) program.
While LFA is more effective than HCD training in the short
term, we find that HCD is relatively more effective in the
longer term. © 2006 by The University of Chicago. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/505050},
Key = {fds238303}
}
@article{fds357610,
Author = {Crump, RK and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Mitnik,
OA},
Title = {Nonparametric Tests for Treatment Effect
Heterogeneity},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds357610}
}
@article{fds142891,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J.K. Scholz},
Title = {Can Administrative Data on Child Support Be Used to Improve
the EITC? Evidence from Wisconsin},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds142891}
}
@article{fds303247,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Tienda, M and Mitchell, F},
Title = {"Hispanics in the U.S. Labor Market"},
Journal = {Hispanics and the American Future},
Pages = {228-290},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/11539},
Doi = {10.17226/11539},
Key = {fds303247}
}
@article{fds343291,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Scholz, JK},
Title = {Examining the Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit on the
Labor Market Participation of Families on
Welfare},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343291}
}
@misc{fds142116,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and B. Duncan and S. Trejo},
Title = {Hispanics in the U.S. Labor Market},
Pages = {228-290},
Booktitle = {Hispanics and the American Future},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Editor = {M. Tienda and F. Mitchell},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds142116}
}
@article{fds238263,
Author = {Hao, L and Hotz, VJ and Jin, GZ},
Title = {Games Parents and Adolescents Play: Risky Behaviors,
Parental Reputation, and Strategic Transfers},
Volume = {118},
Number = {528},
Pages = {515-555},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This article examines parental reputation formation in
intra-familial interactions. In a repeated two-stage game,
children decide whether to drop out of high school or
daughters decide whether to have births as teens and parents
then decide whether to provide support to their children
beyond age 18. Drawing on <link rid="b37">Milgrom and
Roberts (1982)</link> and <link rid="b31">Kreps and Wilson
(1982)</link>, we show that, under certain conditions,
parents have the incentive to penalise older children for
their adolescent risk-taking behaviour in order to dissuade
their younger children from such behaviour when reaching
adolescence. We find evidence in favour of this parental
reputation model. Copyright © 2008 The
Author(s).},
Key = {fds238263}
}
@article{fds238281,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Seltzer, JA and Bachrach, CA and Bianchi, SM and Bledsoe, CH and Casper,
LM and Chase-Lansdale, PL and Diprete, TA and Hotz, VJ and Morgan, SP and Sanders, SG and Thomas, D},
Title = {Explaining Family Change and Variation: Challenges for
Family Demographers.},
Journal = {Journal of marriage and the family},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {908-925},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2445},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376277},
Abstract = {Twenty years ago, the National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development (NICHD) issued a request for proposals
that resulted in the National Survey of Families and
Households (NSFH), a unique survey valuable to a wide range
of family scholars. This paper describes the efforts of an
interdisciplinary group of family demographers to build on
the progress enabled by the NSFH and many other theoretical
and methodological innovations. Our work, also supported by
NICHD, will develop plans for research and data collection
to address the central question of what causes family change
and variation. We outline the group's initial assessments of
orienting frameworks, key aspects of family life to study,
and theoretical and methodological challenges for research
on family change. Finally, we invite family scholars to
follow our progress and to help develop this shared public
good.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00183.x},
Key = {fds238281}
}
@misc{fds142905,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J.K. Scholz},
Title = {The Earned Income Tax Credit: Its Impact on California’s
Low-Income and Welfare Populations},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142905}
}
@article{fds142892,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Buchinsky and J. Hahn},
Title = {Estimating Dynamic Discrete Choice Models with Heterogeneous
Agents: A Cluster Analysis Approach},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds142892}
}
@article{fds238301,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Mortimer, JH},
Title = {Predicting the efficacy of future training programs using
past experiences at other locations},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {125},
Number = {1-2 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {241-270},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2004.04.009},
Abstract = {The problem of predicting the average effect of a new
training program using experiences with previous
implementations was investigated. The ability to adjust for
population differences depends on the availability of
characteristics of the two populations and the extent of
overlap in their distributions. It was found that adjusting
for pre-training earnings and individual characteristics
removes various differences between control units that have
some previous employment experience. It was also found that
adjusting for individual characteristics is more successful
at removing differences between control group members in
different locations with some employment
experience.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2004.04.009},
Key = {fds238301}
}
@article{fds238302,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Teenage childbearing and its life cycle consequences:
Exploiting a natural experiment},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {683-715},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xl.3.683},
Abstract = {We exploit a "natural experiment" associated with human
reproduction to identify the causal effect of teen
childbearing on the socioeconomic attainment of teen
mothers. We exploit the fact that some women who become
pregnant experience a miscarriage and do not have a live
birth. Using miscarriages an instrumental variable, we
estimate the effect of teen mothers not delaying their
childbearing on their subsequent attainment. We find that
many of the negative consequences of teenage childbearing
are much smaller than those found in previous studies. For
most outcomes, the adverse consequences of early
childbearing are short-lived. Finally, for annual hours of
work and earnings, we find that a teen mother would have
lower levels of each at older ages if they had delayed their
childbearing. © 2005 by the Board of Regents of the
University of Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.xl.3.683},
Key = {fds238302}
}
@article{fds357611,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Teenage Childbearing and Its Life Cycle Consequences:
Exploiting a Natural Experiment},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Year = {2005},
Abstract = {We exploit a “natural experiment” associated with human
reproduction to identify the causal effect of teen
childbearing on the socioeconomic attainment of teen
mothers. We exploit the fact that some women who become
pregnant experience a miscarriage and do not have a live
birth. Using miscarriages an instrumental variable, we
estimate the effect of teen mothers not delaying their
childbearing on their subsequent attainment. We find that
many of the negative consequences of teenage childbearing
are much smaller than those found in previous studies. For
most outcomes, the adverse consequences of early
childbearing are short-lived. Finally, for annual hours of
work and earnings, we find that a teen mother would have
lower levels of each at older ages if they had delayed their
childbearing.},
Key = {fds357611}
}
@article{fds238257,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Currie, J and Joseph Hotz and V},
Title = {Inequality in life and death: What drives racial trends in
U.S. child death rates?},
Pages = {569-632},
Booktitle = {Social Inequality},
Publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
Editor = {K. Neckerman},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This chapter examines the trends in and determinants of
child death rates in the United States over the period 1980
to 1998. The annual death rate (number of deaths per 100,000
population) of children age zero to nineteen declined by
39.6 percent over this period, from 117.6 deaths per 100,000
in 1980 to 71.0 in 1998. Several explanations have been
offered for this marked decline in the child death rate. For
example, David Cutler and Ellen Meara (2000) focus on the
role that innovations in medical technology played in the
declines in infant mortality. Sherry Glied (2001) draws
attention to the dramatic declines in child death rates due
to unintentional injuries, or accidents, and the importance
of information about public safety and better-educated
parents. We extend the previous literature on childhood
death rates in three ways. First, we look at how trends
differ across causes of death, ages of children, and race.
As we document in this chapter, the overall decline in
childhood death rates masks important differences along
these dimensions. We show that while the overall death rates
between black and nonblack children narrowed over the final
two decades of the twentieth century, the gap was still
sizable in 1998. For example, as of 1998 black children were
still twice as likely to die from unintentional injuries as
white children. Furthermore, this pattern of narrowing gaps
did not hold across all causes of death. Among young
children, the black-white gap in death rates due to auto
accidents actually increased, and for almost all ages the
racial gap in deaths due to intentional injuries, including
those involving firearms, increased over this period.
Second, our chapter examines a variety of different
determinants of these trends that have been identified in
the literature and assesses the robustness of their
estimated effects to the inclusion of various controls,
including state fixed effects and state time trends. We
examine the influence of three broad sets of factors: income
and inequality as measured by state-level median household
income, as well as the differences between the ninetieth and
fiftieth percentiles and between the fiftieth and tenth
percentiles of the income distribution; other indicators of
socioeconomic status (SES), such as maternal education,
maternal employment, and the incidence of single-headed
households; and indicators of access to medical and trauma
care. However, there are many general improvements in
factors affecting health and safety that are difficult to
measure. Our third innovation is to ask whether child
mortality rates are primarily affected by innovations in the
factors just mentioned, or whether these trends can be
explained by improvements that also drive death rates among
adults. For example, safer cars might be expected to benefit
both adults and children, while the use of car seats would
primarily affect young children. To address this question,
we construct regression-adjusted death rates for
twenty-four- To forty-four-year-old men, where the
regression adjustments net out the effects of our measures
of income, socioeconomic status, and medical access.
Presumably, these "residual" measures of adult male death
rates capture changes in factors that are not readily
measured and that affect both adults and children within a
state, year, and race group, including changes in medical
technology, product safety and regulation, and health care
practices. Our models generally do a good job of explaining
the level of death rates and the gap in death rates between
blacks and whites. Income, inequality, and measures of
socioeconomic status such as maternal education are often
important predictors of death rates, and gaps in black and
nonblack incomes can explain gaps in death rates for some
ages and causes of death. However, it is more difficult to
explain trends in death rates over time or to explain the
narrowing or broadening of the gap between black and
nonblack death rates. For example, the gap between black and
nonblack median incomes increased slightly over the period,
while the gap in death rates narrowed. Moreover, our
measures of medical access typically have little explanatory
power, though this may be because they are relatively crude.
It is possible that year effects, state effects, state time
trends, and the male residuals are capturing a good deal of
the improvements in medical access and medical technology
that took place over the period. In contrast, our estimates
indicate that the "male residuals" can explain much of the
change in the gaps between black and nonblack death rates.
This finding suggests that the gap between black and
nonblack overall death rates narrowed because of factors
that affected adults as well as children rather than solely
because of factors affecting children. In the next section,
we discuss the previous literature concerning childhood
death rates and their potential causes. The third section
describes the data sources we use and the variables we have
constructed. In the following sections, we lay out the
trends in childhood death rates by cause, age, and race; we
also describe the trends in our explanatory variables. Next,
we present the results from our regression analysis and
discuss our findings. We conclude with a short summary of
our findings and their implications. Copyright © 2004 by
Russell Sage Foundation.},
Key = {fds238257}
}
@article{fds142893,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Bacolod},
Title = {Did the Returns to the Early School and Work Experiences of
Young Adults Change Across Cohorts over the Last 40
Years?},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds142893}
}
@article{fds238300,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Currie, J and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Accidents will happen? Unintentional childhood injuries and
the effects of child care regulations.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-59},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15154687},
Abstract = {Accidents are the leading cause of death and injury among
children in the United States, far surpassing diseases as a
health threat. We examine the effects of child care
regulation on rates of accidental injury using both micro
data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, and
Vital Statistics mortality records. Estimates from both data
sources suggest that requiring day care center directors to
have more education reduces the incidence of unintentional
injuries. An auxiliary analysis of the choice of child care
mode confirms that these regulations are binding and that
higher educational requirements tend to crowd some children
out of care, as do regulations requiring frequent
inspections of child care facilities and lower pupil-teacher
ratios. Thus, regulation creates winners and losers: Some
children benefit from safer environments, while those who
are squeezed out of the regulated sector are placed at
higher risk of injury.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.07.004},
Key = {fds238300}
}
@article{fds304420,
Author = {Currie, J and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Accidents will happen?: Unintentional childhood injuries and
the effects of child care regulations},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-59},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10047 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds304420}
}
@article{fds142894,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and C. Mullin and J. K. Scholz},
Title = {Trends in EITC Take-Up and Receipt for California’s
Welfare Population, 1992-1999},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds142894}
}
@article{fds142895,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J.K. Scholz and C.Mullin},
Title = {The Effects of Welfare Reform on Employment and Income:
Evidence from California},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds142895}
}
@article{fds238298,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Joseph Hotz and V and Xu, LC and Tienda, M and Ahituv,
A},
Title = {Are there returns to the wages of young men from working
while in school?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {2},
Pages = {221-236},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465302317411497},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effects of work experience acquired
while youth were in high school (and college) on young men's
wage rates. Previous studies have found sizeable and
persistent rates of return to working while enrolled in
school, especially high school, on subsequent wage growth.
We evaluate the extent to which these estimates represent
causal effects by assessing the robustness of prior findings
to controls for unobserved heterogeneity and sample
selectivity. We explore more-general econometric methods for
dealing with the dynamic of selection and apply them to data
on young men from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of
Youth (NLSY79). We find that the estimated returns to
working while in high school or college are dramatically
diminished in magnitude and are not statistically
significant when one applies dynamic selection
methods.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465302317411497},
Key = {fds238298}
}
@article{fds238299,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Mullin, CH and Scholz, JK},
Title = {Welfare, Employment, and Income: Evidence on the Effects of
Benefit Reductions from California},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {380-384},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282802320191651},
Doi = {10.1257/000282802320191651},
Key = {fds238299}
}
@misc{fds142906,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J. Klerman and E. Reardon and A. Cox and D. Farley and S. Haider and G.
Imbens and R. Schoeni},
Title = {Welfare Reform in California: Early Results from the Impact
Analysis},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds142906}
}
@misc{fds142123,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and M. Tienda},
Title = {Education and Employment in a Diverse Society: Generating
Inequality through the School-to-Work Transition},
Booktitle = {American Diversity: A Demographic Challenge for the
Twenty-First Century},
Publisher = {State SUNY Press},
Editor = {N. Denton and S. Tolnay},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds142123}
}
@article{fds238251,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Scholz, J},
Title = {Measuring Employment and Income Outcomes for Low-Income
Populations with Administrative and Survey
Data},
Journal = {Studies of Welfare Populations: Data Collection and Research
Issues},
Pages = {275-315},
Booktitle = {Studies of Welfare Populations: Data Collection and Research
Issues},
Publisher = {National Research Council: National Academy
Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Editor = {M. Ver Ploeg and R. Moffitt and C. Citro},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds238251}
}
@article{fds238261,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Charles, HM and John, KS},
Title = {The Earned Income Tax Credit and Labor Market Participation
of Families on Welfare},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In this paper we examine the effect of the EITC on the
employment rates of adults who received welfare (AFDC)
during the 1990s. The first part of the paper begins with a
description of the changes in the EITC over the last ten
years, its administration, and what is known about its of
the changes in the EITC over the last ten years, its
administration, and what is known about its welfare policy
changes, earned income tax credit (EITC) increases in 1990
and 1993, and changes in local labor market conditions on
the behavior of families who received welfare benefits in
California during the early part of the 1990s. The data on
welfare recipients that we analyze are drawn from the
California Work Pays Demonstration Project (CWPDP). The
CWPDP incorporated experimental variation in the benefits
package received by treatment and control households drawn
from California?s AFDC caseload in four counties during the
first half of the 1990s. This experimental variation is used
to help identify the effects of welfare changes from the
effects of the EITC expansions and the effects of local
labor market conditions over this same period. We use a
variety of county-level labor market indicators to account
for the influence that the local labor market had on the
employment rates of heads of households in the CWPDP sample.
We also exploit a change in the EITC in 1994 when the credit
became significantly more generous for families with two or
more children, relative to families with only one child. Our
evidence is consistent with the EITC having large, positive
effects on employment of adults from welfare families in
California . <p> This paper appears as Chapter 3 in the
edited volume The Incentives of Government Programs and the
Well-Beings of Families. <p> To view the contents of the
entire volume, please click here.},
Key = {fds238261}
}
@article{fds357612,
Author = {Currie, J and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Accidents Will Happen? Unintentional Injury, Maternal
Employment, and Child Care Policy},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds357612}
}
@misc{fds238271,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Scholz, JK},
Title = {The Earned Income Tax Credit},
Pages = {141-197},
Booktitle = {Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the U.S.},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {R. Moffitt},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-226-53356-5},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000222649600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238271}
}
@article{fds238252,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Adams, J},
Title = {"The Statistical Power of National Data to Evaluate Welfare
Reform"},
Journal = {Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition},
Pages = {209-219},
Booktitle = {Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition},
Publisher = {National Academy Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Editor = {R. Moffitt and M. Ver Ploeg},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds238252}
}
@article{fds357613,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Imbens, GW and Klerman, JA},
Title = {The Long-Term Gains from Gain: A Re-Analysis of the Impacts
of the California Gain Program},
Year = {2000},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds357613}
}
@article{fds238264,
Author = {Hao, L and Hotz, VJ and Jin, GZ},
Title = {Games Daughters and Parents Play: Teenage Childbearing,
Parental Reputation, and Strategic Transfers},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {In this paper, we examine the empirical implications of
reputation formation using a game-theoretic model of
intra-familial interactions. We consider parental reputation
in repeated two-stage games in which daughters' decision to
have a child as a teenager and the willingness of parents to
continue to house and support their daughters giver their
decisions. Drawing on the work of Milgrom and Roberts (1982)
and Kreps and Wilson (1982) on reputation in repeated games,
we show that parents have, under certain conditions, the
incentive to penalize teenage (and typically out-of-wedlock)
childbearing of older daughters, in order to get the younger
daughters to avoid teenage childbearing. <p> The two key
empirical implications of this model is that the likelihood
of teenage childbearing and parental transfers to a daughter
who had a teen birth will decrease with the number of the
daughter's sisters at risk. We test these two implications,
using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth,
1979 Cohort (NLSY79), exploiting the availability of
repeated observations on young women (daughters) and of
observatioins on multiple daughters (sisters) available on
this data. Controlling for daughter- and family-specific
fixed effects, we find evidence of differential parental
financial transfer responses to teenage childbearing by the
number of the daughter's sisters and brothers at
risk.},
Key = {fds238264}
}
@misc{fds142907,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J. Klerman and G. Imbens and P. Steinberg and E. Reardon and P. Ebener and J. Hawes-Dawson},
Title = {Welfare Reform in California: Design of the Impact
Analysis},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds142907}
}
@misc{fds142129,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and A. Ahituv and M. Tienda},
Title = {Transition from School to Work: Black, Hispanic and White
Men in the 1980s},
Pages = {250-8},
Booktitle = {Back to Shared Prosperity: The Growing Inequality of Wealth
and Income in America},
Publisher = {M.E. Sharpe},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {R. Marshall},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds142129}
}
@article{fds238297,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Scholz, JK},
Title = {Not Perfect, but Still Pretty Good: The EITC and Other
Policies to Support the U.S. Low-Wage Labour
Market},
Journal = {OECD Economic Studies},
Volume = {2000/II},
Number = {31},
Pages = {25-42},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2642 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238297}
}
@article{fds238265,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Teenage Childbearing and Its Life Cycle Consequences:
Exploiting a Natural Experiment},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {In this paper, we exploit a "natural experiment" associated
with human reproduction to identify the effect of teen
childbearing on subsequent educational attainment, family
structure, labor market outcomes, and financial
self-sufficiency. In particular, we exploit the fact that a
substantial fraction of women who become pregnant experience
a miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) and thus do not have a
birth. If miscarriages were purely random and if
miscarriages were the only way, other than by live births,
that a pregnancy ended, then women who had a miscarriage as
a teen would constitute an ideal control group with which to
contrast teenage mothers. Exploiting this natural
experiment, we devise an Instrumental Variables (IV)
estimators for the consequences of teen mothers not delaying
their childbearing, using data from the National
Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 (NLSY79). Our major
finding is that many of the negative consequences of not
delaying childbearing until adulthood are much smaller than
has been estimated in previous studies. While we do find
adverse consequences of teenage childbearing immediately
following a teen mother's first birth, these negative
consequences appear short-lived. By the time a teen mother
reaches her late twenties, she appears to have only slightly
more children, is only slightly more likely to be a single
mother, and has no lower levels of educational attainment
than if she had delayed her childbearing to adulthood. In
fact, by this age teen mothers appear to be better off in
some aspects of their lives. Teenage childbearing appears to
raise levels of labor supply, accumulated work experience,
and labor market earnings, and appears to reduce the chances
of living in poverty and participating in the associated
social welfare programs. These estimated effects imply that
the cost of teenage childbearing to U.S. taxpayers is
negligible. In particular, our estimates imply that the
widely held view that teenage childbearing imposes a
substantial cost on government is an artifact of the failure
to appropriately account for preexisting socioeconomic
differences between teen mothers and other women when
estimating the causal effects of early childbearing. While
teen mothers are very likely to live in poverty and
experience other forms of adversity, our results imply that
little of this would be changed just by getting teen mothers
to delay their childbearing into adulthood.},
Key = {fds238265}
}
@article{fds238262,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Xu, L and Tienda, M and Ahituv, A},
Title = {Are There Returns to the Wages of Young Men from Working
While in School?},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {This paper examines the impacts of work experience acquired
while youth were in high school (and college) on young
men’s wage rates during the 1980s and 1990s. Previous
studies have found evidence of sizeable and persistent rates
of return to working while enrolled in school, especially
high school, on subsequent wage growth. Such findings may
represent causal effects of having acquired work experience
while still enrolled in school, but they may also be the
result of failure to fully account for individual
differences in young adults’ capacities to acquire such
skills and be productive in the work force later in life. We
reexamine the robustness of previous attempts to control for
unobserved heterogeneity and selectivity. We explore more
general methods for dealing with dynamic forms of selection
by explicitly modeling the educational and work choices of
young men from age 13 through their late twenties. Using
data on young men from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey
of Youth, (NLSY79), we find that the estimated returns to
working while in high school or college are dramatically
diminished in magnitude and statistical significance when
one uses these dynamic selection methods. As such, our
results indicate a decided lack of robustness to the
inference about the effects of working while in school that
has been drawn from previous work.},
Key = {fds238262}
}
@article{fds357614,
Author = {Hill, CJ and Hotz, VJ and Mullin, CH and Scholz, JK},
Title = {EITC Eligibility, Participation, and Compliance Rates for
AFDC Households: Evidence from the California
Caseload},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {In this report, we examine the eligibility for and
participation in the earned income tax credit (EITC) for
low-income families in California during the 1990s. The EITC
is a federal in-come tax credit available to working poor
families, with the amount of credit determined by the number
of eligible children and by family income. The EITC has
become the largest cash or near-cash program available to
low-income families in the U.S., making it one of the
corner-stones of the nation’s antipoverty effort. The
effectiveness of the EITC depends, in part, on whether those
who are eligible for the credit actually receive it and
whether it is actually claimed. We examine EITC eligibility,
participation and non-compliance rates for a special group
of potential EITC beneficiaries, namely low-income
households in California who received AFDC during the 1990s.
Our sample consists of AFDC assistance units from four
counties—Alameda, Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San
Joaquin—that were part of the California Work Pays
Demonstration Project (CWPDP), a waiver demonstration to
assess the impacts of a series of reforms to the AFDC
program in the state. For this sample we have data from
administrative records from county welfare offices on AFDC
participation, AFDC payments and the income re-ported to
county welfare departments for the purpose of determining
AFDC payments. These data were supplemented with quarterly
wage and salary information from the state’s unemploy-ment
insurance records as well as taxable income, by source, and
EITC credits from federal in-come tax returns for the years
1993 and 1994. The latter information was obtained by
matching state unemployment insurance wage earnings records
and IRS tax returns data for the adults in the assistance
units included in the demonstration project.},
Key = {fds357614}
}
@misc{fds142908,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and C. Hill and C. Mullin and J. K. Scholz},
Title = {EITC Eligibility, Participation and Compliance Rates for
AFDC Households: Evidence from the California
Caseload},
Year = {1999},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds142908}
}
@article{fds238296,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hill, CJ and Scholz, JK},
Title = {Evaluating Work-Related Cash Benefit Programs: The Earned
Income Tax Credit},
Journal = {New Directions in Program Evaluation},
Volume = {79},
Number = {79},
Pages = {25-42},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ev.1106},
Abstract = {The Earned Income Tax Credit is expected to cost the federal
government $27.1 billion in 1998, making it the largest cash
or near-cash program available to low-income families in the
United States. Strategies most commonly employed to gain
insight into the central issues of this tax credit include
data sleuthing, simulations, natural experiments comparing
participant and control groups, and cross-sectional
econometric techniques. Copyright © 1998 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1002/ev.1106},
Key = {fds238296}
}
@misc{fds142909,
Title = {Administrative Data for Policy-Relevant Research: Assessment
of Current Utility and Recommendations for
Development},
Editor = {V.J. Hotz and Robert Goerge and J. Balzekas and F.
Margolin},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds142909}
}
@article{fds238274,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Mullin, CH and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Bounding Causal Effects Using Data from a Contaminated
Natural Experiment: Analysing the Effects of Teenage
Childbearing},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {575-603},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2971732},
Abstract = {In this paper, we consider what can be learned about causal
effects when one uses a contaminated instrumental variable.
In particular, we consider what inferences can be made about
the causal effect of teenage childbearing on a teen mother's
subsequent outcomes when we use the natural experiment of
miscarriages to form an instrumental variable for teen
births. Miscarriages might not meet all of the conditions
required for an instrumental variable to identify such
causal effects for all of the observations in our sample.
However, it is an appropriate instrumental variable for some
women, namely those pregnant women who experience a random
miscarriage. Although information from typical data sources
does not allow one to identify these women, we show that one
can adapt results from Horowitz and Manski (1995) on
identification with data from contaminated samples to
construct informative bounds on the causal effect of teenage
childbearing. We use these bounds to re-examine the effects
of early chilbearing on the teen mother's subsequent
educational and labour market attainment as considered in
Hotz, McElroy and Sanders (1995a, 1995b). Consistent with
their study, these bounds indicate that women who have
births as teens have higher labour market earnings and hours
worked compared to what they would have attained if their
childbearing had been delayed.},
Doi = {10.2307/2971732},
Key = {fds238274}
}
@misc{fds142132,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J. Klerman and R. Willis},
Title = {The Economics of Fertility in Developed Countries},
Journal = {Hand-book of Population and Family Economics},
Pages = {275-347},
Publisher = {North-Holland},
Address = {Amsterdam},
Editor = {M. Rosenzweig and O. Stark},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds142132}
}
@misc{fds142133,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and S. McElroy and S. Sanders},
Title = {The Costs and Consequences of Teenage Childbearing for the
Mothers and the Government},
Pages = {55-94},
Booktitle = {Kids having Kids: The Economic Costs and Social Consequences
of Teen Pregnancy},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {R. Maynard},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds142133}
}
@article{fds357615,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Mullin, CH and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Bounding Causal Effects Using Data from a Contaminated
Natural Experiment: Analysing the Effects of Teenage
Childbearing},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {575-603},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {In this paper, we consider what can be learned about causal
effects when one uses a contaminated instrumental variable.
In particular, we consider what inferences can be made about
the causal effect of teenage childbearing on a teen mother's
subsequent outcomes when we use the natural experiment of
miscarriages to form an instrumental variable for teen
births. Miscarriages might not meet all of the conditions
required for an instrumental variable to identify such
causal effects for all of the observations in our sample.
However, it is an appropriate instrumental variable for some
women, namely those pregnant women who experience a random
miscarriage. Although information from typical data sources
does not allow one to identify these women, we show that one
can adapt results from Horowitz and Manski (1995) on
identification with data from contaminated samples to
construct informative bounds on the causal effect of teenage
childbearing. We use these bounds to re-examine the effects
of early chilbearing on the teen mother's subsequent
educational and labour market attainment as considered in
Hotz, McElroy and Sanders (1995a, 1995b). Consistent with
their study, these bounds indicate that women who have
births as teens have higher labour market earnings and hours
worked compared to what they would have attained if their
childbearing had been delayed.},
Key = {fds357615}
}
@misc{fds238273,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Klerman, JA and Willis, RJ},
Title = {Chapter 7 The economics of fertility in developed
countries},
Volume = {1},
Number = {PART A},
Pages = {275-347},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Population and Family Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1997},
ISBN = {9780444826459},
ISSN = {1574-003X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-003X(97)80024-4},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-003X(97)80024-4},
Key = {fds238273}
}
@article{fds238295,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Ahituv, A and Philipson, T},
Title = {The Responsiveness of the Demand for Condoms to the Local
Prevalence of AIDS},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {869-897},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the degree to which the local
prevalence of AIDS increases the demand for
disease-preventing methods of contraception among young
adults. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of
Youth (NLSY-1979), we find substantial evidence that the use
of condoms was quite responsive to the prevalence of AIDS in
one's state of residence, and this responsiveness has been
increasing over time We present both cross-sectional and
longitudinal evidence estimating that a 1 percent increase
in the prevalence of AIDS increases the propensity to use a
condom significantly and up to 50 percent for the most
prevalence-responsive groups. Our findings lend support to
,he existence of a self-limiting incentive effect of
epidemics - an effect that tends to be ignored in
epidemiological theories of the spread of infectious
diseases.},
Key = {fds238295}
}
@article{fds142897,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and L. Xu and M. Tienda and A. Ahituv},
Title = {The Returns to Early Work Experience in the Transition from
School to Work for Young Men in the U.S.: An Analysis of the
1980s},
Year = {1996},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds142897}
}
@article{fds142898,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Kilburn},
Title = {Regulating Child Care: The Effects of State Regulations on
Child Care Demand and Its Cost},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds142898}
}
@article{fds304421,
Author = {Ahituv, A and Hotz, VJ and Philipson, T},
Title = {The responsiveness of the demand for condoms to the local
prevalence of AIDS},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {869-897},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146150},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the degree to which the local
prevalence of AIDS increases the demand for
disease-preventing methods of contraception among young
adults. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of
Youth (NLSY-1979), we find substantial evidence that the use
of condoms was quite responsive to the prevalence of AIDS in
one's state of residence, and this responsiveness has been
increasing over time We present both cross-sectional and
longitudinal evidence estimating that a 1 percent increase
in the prevalence of AIDS increases the propensity to use a
condom significantly and up to 50 percent for the most
prevalence-responsive groups. Our findings lend support to
,he existence of a self-limiting incentive effect of
epidemics - an effect that tends to be ignored in
epidemiological theories of the spread of infectious
diseases.},
Doi = {10.2307/146150},
Key = {fds304421}
}
@article{fds142134,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and S. McElroy and S. Sanders},
Title = {The Costs and Consequences of Teenage Childbearing for
Mothers},
Journal = {Chicago Policy Review},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-94},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds142134}
}
@article{fds325253,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Kilburn, MR},
Title = {Regulating Child Care: The Effetcs of State Regulation on
Child Care Demand and its Cost.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds325253}
}
@article{fds238280,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Joseph Hotz and V},
Title = {Initial Labor Market Experiences of Minority and Nonminority
Men},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Research
Association},
Pages = {256-265},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds238280}
}
@article{fds238294,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA and Sanders, S and Smith,
J},
Title = {A simulation estimator for dynamic models of discrete
choice},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {265-289},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NG49200004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper analyses a new estimator for the structural
parameters of dynamic models of discrete choice. Based on an
inversion theorem due to Hotz and Miller (1993), which
establishes the existence of a one-to-one mapping between
the conditional valuation functions for the dynamic problem
and their associated conditional choice probabilities, we
exploit simulation techniques to estimate models which do
not possess terminal states. In this way our Conditional
Choice Simulation (CCS) estimator complements the
Conditional Choice Probability (CCP) estimator of Hotz and
Miller (1993). Drawing on work in empirical process theory
by Pakes and Pollard (1989), we establish its large sample
properties, and then conduct a Monte Carlo study of Rust’s
(1987) model of bus engine replacement to compare its small
sample properties with those of Maximum Likelihood (ML). ©
1994 The Review of Economic Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/2297981},
Key = {fds238294}
}
@article{fds175468,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Bounding Treatment Effects in Experimental Evaluations
Subject to Post-Randomization Treatment Choice},
Journal = {Bulletin of the International Statistical
Institute},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds175468}
}
@article{fds325254,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA and Sanders, S and Smith,
J},
Title = {A Simulation Estimator for Dynamic Models of Discrete
Choice},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {265-289},
Year = {1994},
Abstract = {This paper analyses a new estimator for the structural
parameters of dynamic models of discrete choice. Based on an
inversion theorem due to Hotz and Miller (1993), which
establishes the existence of a one-to-one mapping between
the conditional valuation functions for the dynamic problem
and their associated conditional choice probabilities, we
exploit simulation techniques to estimate models which do
not possess terminal states. In this way our Conditional
Choice Simulation (CCS) estimator complements the
Conditional Choice Probability (CCP) estimator of Hotz and
Miller (1993). Drawing on work in empirical process theory
by Pakes and Pollard (1989), we establish its large sample
properties, and then conduct a Monte Carlo study of Rust's
(1987) model of bus engine replacement to compare its small
sample properties with those of Maximum Likelihood
(ML).},
Key = {fds325254}
}
@article{fds238293,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Joseph Hotz and V and Miller, RA},
Title = {Conditional choice probabilities and the estimation of
dynamic models},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {497-529},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LV83300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {First version received April final version accepted January
1993 This paper develops a new method for estimating the
structural parameters of (discrete choice) dynamic
programming problems. The method reduces the computational
burden of estimating such models. We show the valuation
functions characterizing the expected future utility
associated with the choices often can be represented as an
easily computed function of the state variables, structural
parameters. and the probabilities of choosing alternative
actions for states which are feasible in the future. Under
certain conditions. nonparametric estimators of these
probabilities can be formed from sample information on the
relative frequencies of observed choices using observations
with the same (or similar) state variables. Substituting the
estimators for the true conditional choice probabilities in
formulating optimal decision rules, we establish the
consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting
structural parameter estimators. To illustrate our new
method. we estimate a dynamic model of parental
contraceptive choice and fertility using data from the
National Fertility Survey. © 1993 The Review of Economic
Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/2298122},
Key = {fds238293}
}
@article{fds325255,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA},
Title = {Conditional Choice Probabilities and the Estimation of
Dynamic Models},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {497-529},
Year = {1993},
Abstract = {This paper develops a new method for estimating the
structural parameters of (discrete choice) dynamic
programming problems. The method reduces the computational
burden of estimating such models. We show the valuation
functions characterizing the expected future utility
associated with the choices often can be represented as an
easily computed function of the state variables, structural
parameters, and the probabilities of choosing alternative
actions for states which are feasible in the future. Under
certain conditions, nonparametric estimators of these
probabilities can be formed from sample information on the
relative frequencies of observed choices using observations
with the same (or similar) state variables. Substituting the
estimators for the true conditional choice probabilities in
formulating optimal decision rules, we establish the
consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting
structural parameter estimators. To illustrate our new
method, we estimate a dynamic model of parental
contraceptive choice and fertility using data from the
National Fertility Survey.},
Key = {fds325255}
}
@article{fds142141,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and D. Blau},
Title = {Introduction},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds142141}
}
@article{fds325256,
Author = {BLAU, DM and HOTZ, VJ},
Title = {SPECIAL ISSUE ON CHILD-CARE - INTRODUCTION},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCES},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Publisher = {UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS},
Year = {1992},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325256}
}
@article{fds142899,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Kilburn},
Title = {Estimating the Demand for Child Care and Child Care Costs:
Should We Ignore Families with Non-Working
Mothers?},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds142899}
}
@article{fds142900,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Kilburn},
Title = {A Statistical Portrait of Child Care Utilization in the U.S.
by Working and Non-Working Mothers},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds142900}
}
@misc{fds357616,
Author = {HOTZ, VJ},
Title = {DESIGNING AN EVALUATION OF THE JOB-TRAINING PARTNERSHIP
ACT},
Journal = {EVALUATING WELFARE AND TRAINING PROGRAMS},
Pages = {76-114},
Publisher = {HARVARD UNIV PRESS},
Editor = {MANSKI, CF and GARFINKEL, I},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-674-27017-7},
Key = {fds357616}
}
@article{fds142140,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Designing Experimental Evaluations of Social Programs: The
Case of the U.S. National JTPA Study},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Italian Statistical Society},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {205-219},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds142140}
}
@misc{fds142142,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Recent Experience in Designing Evaluations of Social
Programs: The Case of the National JTPA Study},
Pages = {76-114},
Booktitle = {Evaluating Welfare and Training Programs},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Address = {Cambridge, MA},
Editor = {I. Garfinkel and C. Manski},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds142142}
}
@misc{fds142911,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Kilburn},
Title = {The Demand for Child Care and Child Care Costs: Should We
Ignore Families with Non- Working Mothers?},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142911}
}
@article{fds238267,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA},
Title = {Conditional Choice Probabilities and the Estimation of
Dynamic Models.},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds238267}
}
@misc{fds142910,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Designing an Evaluation of Nonexperimental Methods in the
National JTPA Study},
Publisher = {Abt Associates, Inc.},
Address = {Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1990},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds142910}
}
@article{fds238292,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Heckman, JJ and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Rejoinder},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {84},
Number = {408},
Pages = {878-880},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989CD46300005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.1989.10478851},
Key = {fds238292}
}
@article{fds318178,
Author = {Heckman, JJ and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Choosing among alternative nonexperimental methods for
estimating the impact of social programs: The case of
manpower training},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {84},
Number = {408},
Pages = {862-874},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1989.10478848},
Abstract = {The recent literature on evaluating manpower training
programs demonstrates that alternative nonexperimental
estimators of the same program produce an array of estimates
of program impact. These findings have led to the call for
experiments to be used to perform credible program
evaluations. Missing in all of the recent pessimistic
analyses of nonexperimental methods is any systematic
discussion of how to choose among competing estimators. This
article explores the value of simple specification tests in
selecting an appropriate nonexperimental estimator. A
reanalysis of the National Supported Work Demonstration data
previously analyzed by proponents of social experiments
reveals that a simple testing procedure eliminates the range
of nonexperimental estimators at variance with the
experimental estimates of program impact. © 1989 Taylor &
Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.1989.10478848},
Key = {fds318178}
}
@article{fds357617,
Author = {HOTZ, VJ and MILLER, RA},
Title = {CONDITIONAL CHOICE PROBABILITIES AND THE ESTIMATION OF
DYNAMIC DISCRETE CHOICE MODELS.},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds357617}
}
@misc{fds357618,
Author = {BALLS, KG and HOTZ, VJ},
Title = {CONTRACEPTIVE CHOICE AND FAILURE - DOES HETEROGENEITY IN
INDIVIDUAL FECUNDITY MATTER},
Journal = {POPULATION INDEX},
Volume = {54},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-449},
Publisher = {PRINCETON UNIV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds357618}
}
@misc{fds142912,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {The Effects of Child Care Costs and Policies on Women’s
Participation in the Labor Market: What Do We
Know?},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds142912}
}
@article{fds238250,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Heckman, J},
Title = {Are Classical Experiments Necessary for Evaluating the
Impact of Manpower Training Programs? A Critical
Assessment},
Journal = {Industrial Relations Research Association
Proceedings},
Pages = {291-302},
Booktitle = {Industrial Relations Research Association
Proceedings},
Year = {1988},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds238250}
}
@article{fds304419,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Kydland, FE and Sedlacek, GL},
Title = {Intertemporal Preferences and Labor Supply},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {335-335},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1988},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988M672000004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1911075},
Key = {fds304419}
}
@article{fds238291,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Kydland, F and Sedlacek, G},
Title = {Intertemporal Preferences and Labor Supply},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {57},
Number = {2},
Pages = {335-360},
Year = {1988},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988M672000004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1911075},
Key = {fds238291}
}
@article{fds238290,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA},
Title = {An Empirical Analysis of Life Cycle Fertility and Female
Labor Supply.},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-118},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988M971100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper examines household fertility and female labor
supply over the life cycle. The authors investigate ho w
maternal time and market inputs, and benefits children yield
their parents, vary with their ages and influence female
labor supply and c ontraceptive behavior. Their econometric
framework combines a female labor-supply model and a
contraceptive choice index function and allo ws conceptions
not to be perfectly controllable. Using data from the Panel
Study of Income Dynamics, they estimate these equations and
tes t alternative specifications. The findings suggest that
parents canno t perfectly control conceptions and variations
in child care costs af fect the spacing of births. Copyright
1988 by The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.2307/1911843},
Key = {fds238290}
}
@article{fds357619,
Author = {HOTZ, VJ and MILLER, RA},
Title = {CONDITIONAL CHOICE PROBABILITIES AND THE ESTIMATION OF
DYNAMIC DISCRETE CHOICE MODELS},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds357619}
}
@misc{fds142913,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and J. Heckman},
Title = {On the Use of Nonexperimental Methods of Estimating the
Impact of Manpower Training Programs: Re-Evaluating the
Evaluations},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds142913}
}
@article{fds142901,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Miller},
Title = {The Economics of Family Planning},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds142901}
}
@article{fds238289,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Heckman, JJ and Hotz, VJ and Dabos, M},
Title = {Do We Need Experimental Data To Evaluate the Impact of
Manpower Training On Earnings?},
Journal = {Evaluation Review},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {395-427},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0193-841X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987K428100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This article assesses several recent studies in the manpower
training evaluation literature claiming that (1)
nonexperimental methods of program evaluation produce
unreliable estimates of program impacts and (2) randomized
experiments are necessary to produce reliable ones. We
present a more optimistic statement about the value of
nonexperimental methods in analyzing the effects of training
programs on earnings. Previous empirical demonstrations of
the sensitivity of estimates of program impact to
alternative non experimental procedures either do not test
the validity of the testable assumptions that justify the
nonexperimental procedures or else disregard the inference
from such tests. We reanalyze data from the National
Supported Work Demonstration experiment (NSW) utilized by
LaLonde and Fraker and Maynard and reexamine the performance
of nonexperimental estimates of the net impact of the NSW
program on the posttraining earnings of young high school
dropouts and adult women. Using several simple strategies
for testing the appropriateness of alternative formulations
of such estimators, we show that a number of the
nonexperimental estimators used in these studies can be
rejected. Although we eliminate a number of nonexperimental
estimators by such tests, we are able to find estimators
that are not rejected by these tests. Estimators not
rejected by such tests yield net impact estimates that lead
to the same inference about the impact of the program as the
experimental estimates. The empirical results from our
limited study provide tangible evidence that the recent
denunciation of nonexperimental methods forevaluating
manpower training effects is premature. © 1987, Sage
Publications. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/0193841X8701100402},
Key = {fds238289}
}
@article{fds142902,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Risk Sharing and the Union Status of Firms: A Study of the
Construction Industry},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds142902}
}
@misc{fds357620,
Author = {HECKMAN, JJ and HOTZ, VJ},
Title = {THE TIMING AND SPACING OF BIRTHS IN SWEDEN - THE EFFECTS OF
CHANGING ECONOMIC-CONDITIONS},
Journal = {POPULATION INDEX},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {392-392},
Publisher = {PRINCETON UNIV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds357620}
}
@article{fds238288,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Heckman, JJ and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {An Investigation of the Labor Market Earnings of Panamanian
Males Evaluating the Sources of Inequality},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {507-507},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1986},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986F057200004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/145765},
Key = {fds238288}
}
@article{fds142903,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Avery},
Title = {Estimating Systems of Nonlinear Equations with Limited
Dependent Variables},
Year = {1985},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds142903}
}
@article{fds238287,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Heckman, J and Walker, J},
Title = {The Influence of Early Fertility on Subsequent Births and
the Importance of Controlling for Heterogeneity},
Journal = {Bulletin of the International Statistical
Institute},
Volume = {LI},
Number = {2},
Pages = {14.4-1 - 14.4-15},
Year = {1985},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds238287}
}
@article{fds238286,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Heckman, JJ and Hotz, VJ and Walker, JR},
Title = {New evidence on the timing and spacing of
births},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-184},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AGN3100032&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238286}
}
@article{fds142904,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Avery},
Title = {Estimation of Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause Models with
Discrete Indicators},
Year = {1985},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds142904}
}
@misc{fds357621,
Author = {HECKMAN, JJ and HOTZ, VJ and SINGER, B},
Title = {ESTIMATING CONTINUOUS-TIME BIRTH PROCESSES WITH LONGITUDINAL
DATA - AN INTEGRATED APPROACH},
Journal = {POPULATION INDEX},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {PRINCETON UNIV},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds357621}
}
@misc{fds142159,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and R. Avery},
Title = {Statistical Approaches to Modeling Absenteeism},
Pages = {158-93},
Booktitle = {Absenteeism},
Publisher = {Jossey-Bass, Inc.},
Address = {San Francisco},
Editor = {P. Goodman et al.},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds142159}
}
@article{fds238285,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and Avery, RB and Hansen, LP and Hotz, VJ},
Title = {Multiperiod Probit Models and Orthogonality Condition
Estimation},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-21},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1983},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QS26800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2526113},
Key = {fds238285}
}
@article{fds142161,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and D. Epple and A. Zelenitz},
Title = {Employment Contracts, Risk Sharing, and the Role of
Unions},
Journal = {Research in Labor Economics},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {237-78},
Publisher = {JAI Press, Inc},
Address = {Greenwich, CT},
Editor = {R. Ehrenberg},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds142161}
}
@misc{fds142914,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and C. Metcalf},
Title = {Consumption Behavior During the Gary Income Maintenance
Experiment},
Pages = {33-754},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds142914}
}
@article{fds175470,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {Labor Supply Estimates for Public Policy Evaluation: A
Comment},
Pages = {332-5},
Booktitle = {Industrial Relations Research Association
Proceedings},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds175470}
}
@misc{fds142915,
Author = {V.J. Hotz and C. Metcalf},
Title = {Family Expenditures in the Gary Income Maintenance
Experiment},
Pages = {576-600},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds142915}
}
@misc{fds142163,
Author = {V.J. Hotz},
Title = {The Labor Response of Married Women in the New Jersey
Negative Income Tax Experiment},
Pages = {211-42},
Booktitle = {Follow-Up Study Using Data Generated by the New Jersey
Income Maintenance Experiment},
Publisher = {Institute for Research on Poverty},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds142163}
}
%% Hsieh, David A.
@article{fds355499,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, D and Naik, N and Teo, M},
Title = {Hedge fund franchises},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {67},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1199-1226},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3516},
Abstract = {We investigate the growth strategies of hedge fund firms. We
find that firms with successful first funds are able to
launch follow-on funds that charge higher performance fees,
set more onerous redemption terms, and attract greater
inflows. Motivated by the aforementioned spillover effects,
first funds outperform follow-on funds, after adjusting for
risk. Consistent with the agency view, greater incentive
alignment moderates the performance differential between
first and follow-on funds. Moreover, multiple-product firms
underperform single-product firms but harvest greater fee
revenues, thereby hurting investors while benefitting firm
partners. Investors respond to this growth strategy by
redeeming from first funds of firms with follow-on funds
that do poorly. Empirically, the multiple-product firm has
become the dominant business model for the hedge fund
industry.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2019.3516},
Key = {fds355499}
}
@article{fds339313,
Author = {Esquivel, P and Orjuela, A and Barros, MP and Osorio,
C},
Title = {Potential Opportunities and Challenges for Research
Collaboration with Latin America in Agriculture and Food
Science.},
Journal = {Journal of agricultural and food chemistry},
Volume = {65},
Number = {37},
Pages = {8096-8098},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03572},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03572},
Key = {fds339313}
}
@article{fds266729,
Author = {Edelman, D and Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Exploring uncharted territories of the hedge fund Industry:
Empirical characteristics of mega hedge fund
firms},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {3},
Pages = {734-758},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.04.003},
Abstract = {This paper investigates mega hedge fund management companies
that collectively manage over 50% of the industry's assets,
incorporating previously unavailable data from those that do
not report to commercial databases. We find similarities
among mega firms that report performance to commercial
databases compared with those that do not. We show that the
largest divergences between the performance of reporting and
nonreporting mega firms can be traced to differential
exposure to credit markets. Thus, the performance of
hard-to-observe mega firms can be inferred from observable
data. This conclusion is robust to delisting bias and the
presence of serially correlated returns. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.04.003},
Key = {fds266729}
}
@article{fds266752,
Author = {Edelman, D and Fung, W and Hsieh, DA and Naik, NY},
Title = {Funds of hedge funds: Performance, risk and capital
formation 2005 to 2010},
Journal = {Financial Markets and Portfolio Management},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-108},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1555-4961},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11408-011-0180-z},
Abstract = {Using a comprehensive data set of funds-of-hedge funds, we
extend the results of Fung et al. (J. Finance 63:1777-1803,
2008) (FHNR) with an augmented version of the Fung and Hsieh
(Financ. Anal. J. 60:65-80, 2004a; J. Empir. Finance
18:547-569, 2004b) model to document performance
characteristics from January 2005 to December 2010. We find
that our sample period is divided into three distinct
subperiods: January 2005 to June 2007 (pre-subprime crisis);
July 2007 to March 2009; and April 2009 to December 2010
(post-credit crunch) during which the average fund of hedge
funds delivered positive alpha only in the first subperiod.
We divide the funds of hedge funds sample into those who
have alpha and the rest, which we call beta-only. The
empirical results show a dramatic decline in the population
of alpha producing funds of hedge funds post 2008 compared
to the FHNR findings. When we repeat our analysis with a
synthetic hedge fund index replicator, we find qualitatively
similar results. © 2012 Swiss Society for Financial Market
Research.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11408-011-0180-z},
Key = {fds266752}
}
@article{fds266750,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The risk in hedge fund strategies: Theory and evidence from
long/short equity hedge funds},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {547-569},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0927-5398},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2011.04.001},
Abstract = {Theory suggests that long/short equity hedge funds' returns
come from directional as well as spread bets on the stock
market. Empirical analysis finds persistent net exposures to
the spread between small vs large cap stocks in addition to
the overall market. Together, these factors account for more
than 80% of return variation. Additional factors are price
momentum and market activity. Combining two major branches
of hedge fund research, our model is the first that
explicitly incorporates the effect of funding (stock loan)
on alpha. Using a comprehensive dataset compiled from three
major database sources, we find that among the three
thousand plus hedge funds with similar style classification,
less than 20% of long/short equity hedge funds delivered
significant, persistent, stable positive non-factor related
returns. Consistent with the predictions of the Berk and
Green (2004) model we find alpha producing funds decays to
"beta-only" over time. However, we do not find evidence of a
negative effect of fund size on managers' ability to deliver
alpha. Finally, we show that non-factor related returns, or
alpha, are positively correlated to market activity and
negatively correlated to aggregate short interest. In
contrast, equity mutual funds and long-bias equity hedge
funds have no significant, persistent, non-factor related
return. Expressed differently, L/S equity hedge funds, as
the name suggests, do benefit from shorting. Besides
differences in risk taking behavior, this is a key feature
distinguishing L/S funds from long-bias funds. © 2011
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jempfin.2011.04.001},
Key = {fds266750}
}
@article{fds328082,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Perspectives: Measurement Biases in Hedge Fund Performance
Data: An Update},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds328082}
}
@article{fds266751,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Measurement biases in hedge fund performance data: An
update},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {36-38},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0015-198X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v65.n3.6},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v65.n3.6},
Key = {fds266751}
}
@misc{fds338594,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {What Can Central Bankers Learn from Hedge Fund Replication
Strategies?},
Pages = {331-347},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionThe
Sample of Large Hedge FundsStyle distribution of large
fundsPrincipal component analysisA Simple 8-Factor Model of
Hedge Fund RiskEquity factorsBond factorsTrend-following
factorsEmerging market factorsExposures of Large Hedge Funds
Using Monthly ReturnsThe effects of serial correlation in
hedge fund returnsExposure of average hedge
fundsCorroboration of Exposures Using Daily Investible
IndicesConclusionReferences},
Key = {fds338594}
}
@article{fds266748,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA and Naik, NY and Ramadorai,
T},
Title = {Hedge funds: Performance, risk, and capital
formation},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1777-1803},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2008.01374.x},
Abstract = {We use a comprehensive data set of funds-of-funds to
investigate performance, risk, and capital formation in the
hedge fund industry from 1995 to 2004. While the average
fund-of-funds delivers alpha only in the period between
October 1998 and March 2000, a subset of funds-of-funds
consistently delivers alpha. The alpha-producing funds are
not as likely to liquidate as those that do not deliver
alpha, and experience far greater and steadier capital
inflows than their less fortunate counterparts. These
capital inflows attenuate the ability of the alpha producers
to continue to deliver alpha in the future. © 2008 The
American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2008.01374.x},
Key = {fds266748}
}
@article{fds312630,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Hedge Fund Replication Strategies: Implications for
Investors and Regulators},
Journal = {Financial Stability Review},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {55-66},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds312630}
}
@article{fds312647,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Will Hedge Funds Regress Towards Index-Like
Products?},
Journal = {Journal of Investment Management},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {Hedge funds have grown substantially in the past few years.
According to estimates by Tremont Capital Management (2006),
the industry's assets under management increased from just
over $200b in 2000 to over $800b by the end of 2005. Along
with the rapid inflow of capital, hedge fund performance has
declined. According to HFR, the average fund of hedge funds
returned 10.5% per annum during 1996-2000, but only 5.8%
during 2001-5. This development is consistent with the
prediction of Berk and Green (2004) that unchecked inflow of
funds will ultimately erode performance due to diminishing
returns to scale. There is a sense of deja vu among hedge
fund investors that many hedge fund managers are beginning
to resemble active managers in the mutual fund industry of
the past - failing to deliver returns commensurate to the
fees and expenses they imposed on investors. History tells
us that over-priced active managers will be replaced by
low-cost passive index-liked alternatives. Could the same
process be taking place in the hedge fund industry? Against
this background, it is not surprising that investors are
demanding more cost efficient hedge fund products. But, is
existing technology capable of support the creation of
rule-based, low-cost, passive hedge funds? The term
"alternative beta" refers to the returns achievable from
low-cost replication of rule-based trading strategies that
capture return characteristics common across hedge funds,
while "alternative alpha" refers to the returns that are not
easily replicated. The introduction of this terminology was
partly motivated by the need to stress that the search for
hedge fund alpha properly begins with the identification of
beta exposure to systematic risk factors which can go beyond
conventional asset-class factors. This in turn points to the
need for new technology if alternative beta factors are to
be replicated successfully - a new tool kit is
needed.},
Key = {fds312647}
}
@article{fds312632,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The Search for Alpha—Sources of Future Hedge Fund
Returns},
Journal = {CFA Institute Conference Proceedings Quarterly},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {79-89},
Publisher = {CFA Institute},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1930-2703},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cp.v23.n3.4262},
Doi = {10.2469/cp.v23.n3.4262},
Key = {fds312632}
}
@article{fds312631,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Fung, W},
Title = {Hedge Funds: An Industry in Its Adolescence},
Journal = {Economic Review},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-33},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds312631}
}
@article{fds312648,
Author = {Funga, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Extracting portable alphas from equity long/short hedge
funds},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {161-180},
Publisher = {World Scientific},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812569448_0008},
Abstract = {This paper shows empirically that Equity Long/Short (Equity
L/S) hedge funds have significant alpha to both conventional
as well as alternative (hedge fund-like) risk factors
utilizing hedge fund data from three major data bases.
Following the terminology introduced in Fung and Hsieh
(2003) Journal of Fixed Income 58, 16–27, we call these
Equity alternative alphas (or Equity AAs for short). Equity
AAs are extracted from Equity L/S hedge fund returns by
first identifying the systematic risk factors inherent in
their strategies. Hedging out these systematic risk factors,
the resultant AA return series are empirically shown to be
independent of systematic risks during normal as well as
stressful conditions in asset markets. This provides
collaborative evidence that AA returns are portable across
conventional asset-class indexes. By modeling the AA return
series as GARCH(1,1)–AR(1) processes, it is shown that the
unconditional return distributions are normal with
time-varying variance free of serial correlations, skewness,
and kurtosis. Alpha-enhanced equity alternative are
constructed admitting higher mean return, better annual
returns, and Sharpe ratios to the S&P 500 index over the
sample period 1996–2002.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789812569448_0008},
Key = {fds312648}
}
@article{fds266749,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Hedge fund benchmarks: A risk-based approach},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {65-80},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0015-198X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v60.n5.2657},
Abstract = {Following a review of the data and methodological
difficulties in applying conventional models used for
traditional asset class indexes to hedge funds, this article
argues against the conventional approach. Instead, in an
extension of previous work on asset-based style (ABS)
factors, the article proposes a model of hedge fund returns
that is similar to models based on arbitrage pricing theory,
with dynamic risk-factor coefficients. For diversified hedge
fund portfolios (as proxied by indexes of hedge funds and
funds of hedge funds), the seven ABS factors can explain up
to 80 percent of monthly return variations. Because ABS
factors are directly observable from market prices, this
model provides a standardized framework for identifying
differences among major hedge fund indexes that is free of
the biases inherent in hedge fund databases.},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v60.n5.2657},
Key = {fds266749}
}
@misc{fds266720,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Fung, W},
Title = {The Risks in Hedge Fund Strategies: Alternative Alphas and
Alternative Betas},
Booktitle = {Managing the Risks of Alternative Investment
Strategies},
Publisher = {Prentice Hall},
Editor = {Jaeger, L},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds266720}
}
@article{fds266746,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Asset-Based Style Factors for Hedge Funds},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {58},
Number = {5},
Pages = {16-27},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v58.n5.2465},
Abstract = {Asset-based style factors link returns of hedge fund
strategies to observed market prices. They provide explicit
and unambiguous descriptions of hedge fund strategies that
reveal the nature and quantity of risk. Asset-based style
factors are key inputs for portfolio construction and for
benchmarking hedge fund performance on a risk-adjusted
basis. We used previously developed models to construct
asset-based style factors and demonstrate that one model
correctly predicted the return behavior of trend-following
strategies during out-of-sample periods - in particular,
during stressful market conditions like those of September
2001.},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v58.n5.2465},
Key = {fds266746}
}
@article{fds266747,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Hedge-Fund Benchmarks: Information Content and
Biases},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22-34},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v58.n1.2507},
Abstract = {We discuss the information content and potential measurement
biases in hedge-fund benchmarks. Hedge-fund indexes built
from databases of individual hedge funds inherit the
measurement biases in the databases. In addition,
broad-based indexes mask the diversity of individual
hedge-fund return characteristics. Consequently, these
indexes provide incomplete information to investors seeking
diversification from traditional asset classes through the
use of hedge funds. The approach to constructing hedge-fund
benchmarks we propose is based on the simple idea that the
most direct way to measure hedge-fund performance is to
observe the investment experience of hedge-fund investors
themselves - the funds of hedge funds (FOFs). In terms of
measurement biases, returns of FOFs can deliver a cleaner
estimate of the investment experience of hedge-fund
investors than the traditional approach. In terms of risk
characteristics, indexes of FOFs are more indicative of the
demand-side dynamics driven by hedge-fund investors'
preferences than are broad-based indexes. Therefore, indexes
of FOFs can provide valuable information for assessing the
hedge-fund industry's performance.},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v58.n1.2507},
Key = {fds266747}
}
@article{fds312633,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The Risk in Fixed-Income Hedge Fund Styles},
Journal = {Journal of Fixed Income},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {6-27},
Publisher = {Institutional Investor Inc},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {1059-8596},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jfi.2002.319321},
Doi = {10.3905/jfi.2002.319321},
Key = {fds312633}
}
@article{fds266745,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The risk in hedge fund strategies: Theory and evidence from
trend followers},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {313-341},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/14.2.313},
Abstract = {Hedge fund strategies typically generate option-like
returns. Linear-factor models using benchmark asset indices
have difficulty explaining them. Following the suggestions
in Glosten and Jagannathan (1994), this article shows how to
model hedge fund returns by focusing on the popular
"trend-following" strategy. We use lookback straddles to
model trend-following strategies, and show that they can
explain trend-following funds' returns better than standard
asset indices. Though standard straddles lead to similar
empirical results, lookback straddles are theoretically
closer to the concept of trend following. Our model should
be useful in the design of performance benchmarks for
trend-following funds.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/14.2.313},
Key = {fds266745}
}
@article{fds266743,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Performance characteristics of hedge funds and commodity
funds: Natural vs. spurious biases},
Journal = {Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis},
Volume = {35},
Number = {3},
Pages = {291-307},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2676205},
Abstract = {It is well known that the pro forma performance of a sample
of investment funds contains biases. These biases are
documented in Brown, Goetzmann, Ibbotson, and Ross (1992)
using mutual funds as subjects. The organization structure
of hedge funds, as private and often offshore vehicles,
makes data collection a much more onerous task, amplifying
the impact of performance measurement biases. This paper
reviews these biases in hedge funds. We also propose using
funds-of-hedge funds to measure aggregate hedge fund
performance, based on the idea that the investment
experience of hedge fund investors can be used to estimate
the performance of hedge funds.},
Doi = {10.2307/2676205},
Key = {fds266743}
}
@article{fds266744,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Measuring the market impact of hedge funds},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-36},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(00)00005-0},
Abstract = {Hedge funds often employ opportunistic trading strategies on
a leveraged basis. It is natural to find their footprints in
most major market events. A "small bet" by large hedge funds
can be a sizeable transaction that can impact a market. This
study estimates hedge fund exposures during a number of
major market events. In some episodes, hedge funds had
significant exposures and were in a position to exert
substantial market impact. In other episodes, hedge fund
exposures were insignificant, either in absolute terms or
relative to other market participants. In all cases, we
found no evidence of hedge funds using positive feedback
trading strategies. There was also little evidence that
hedge funds systematically caused market prices to deviate
from economic fundamentals. © 2000 Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(00)00005-0},
Key = {fds266744}
}
@misc{fds338595,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Hedge funds styles},
Journal = {COMPUTATIONAL FINANCE 1999},
Pages = {359-367},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Editor = {AbuMostafa, YS and LeBaron, B and Lo, AW and Weigend,
AS},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-262-01178-6},
Key = {fds338595}
}
@misc{fds266721,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Fung, W and Tsatsaronis, K},
Title = {Do Hedge Funds Disrupt Emerging Markets},
Pages = {377-421},
Booktitle = {Wharton-Brookings Papers on Financial Services},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds266721}
}
@article{fds266741,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Is mean-variance analysis applicable to hedge
funds?},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-58},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1765(98)00140-2},
Abstract = {This paper shows that the mean-variance analysis of hedge
funds approximately preserves the ranking of preferences in
standard utility functions. This extends the results of
[Levy, H., Markowitz, H.M., 1979. Approximating expected
utility by a function of mean and variance. American
Economic Review 69, 308-317] and [Hlawitschka, W., 1994. The
empirical nature of Taylor-series approximations to expected
utility. American Economic Review 84, 713-719] for
individual stocks and portfolios of stocks.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0165-1765(98)00140-2},
Key = {fds266741}
}
@article{fds266742,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {A primer on hedge funds},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {309-331},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(99)00006-7},
Abstract = {In this paper, we provide a rationale for how hedge funds
are organized and some insight on how hedge fund performance
differs from traditional mutual funds. Statistical
differences among hedge fund styles are used to supplement
qualitative differences in the way hedge fund strategies are
described. Risk factors associated with different trading
styles are discussed. We give examples where standard linear
statistical techniques are unlikely to capture the risk of
hedge fund investments where the returns are primarily
driven by non-linear dynamic strategies.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(99)00006-7},
Key = {fds266742}
}
@article{fds266739,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Survivorship bias and investment style in the returns of
CTAs: The information content of performance track
records},
Journal = {Journal of Portfolio Management},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-41},
Publisher = {Institutional Investor Journals},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.1997.409630},
Doi = {10.3905/jpm.1997.409630},
Key = {fds266739}
}
@article{fds266740,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Empirical characteristics of dynamic trading strategies: The
case of hedge funds},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-302},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/10.2.275},
Abstract = {This article presents some new results on an unexplored
dataset on hedge fund performance. The results indicate that
hedge funds follow strategies that are dramatically
different from mutual funds, and support the claim that
these strategies are highly dynamic. The article finds five
dominant investment styles in hedge funds, which when added
to Sharpe's (1992) asset class factor model can provide an
integrated framework for style analysis of both buy-
and-hold and dynamic trading strategies.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/10.2.275},
Key = {fds266740}
}
@article{fds312649,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Hsiehb, D and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Estimation of stochastic volatility models with
diagnostics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-192},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2057 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Efficient method of moments (EMM) is used to fit the
standard stochastic volatility model and various extensions
to several daily financial time series. EMM matches to the
score of a model determined by data analysis called the
score generator. Discrepancies reveal characteristics of
data that stochastic volatility models cannot approximate.
The two score generators employed here are 'semiparametric
ARCH' and 'nonlinear nonparametric'. With the first, the
standard model is rejected, although some extensions are
accepted. With the second, all versions are rejected. The
extensions required for an adequate fit are so elaborate
that nonparametric specifications are probably more
convenient. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(97)00039-0},
Key = {fds312649}
}
@article{fds312634,
Author = {Fung, W and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Global Yield Curve Event Risks},
Journal = {The Journal of Fixed Income},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {37-48},
Publisher = {Pageant Media US},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1059-8596},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jfi.1996.408175},
Doi = {10.3905/jfi.1996.408175},
Key = {fds312634}
}
@misc{fds266722,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Kleidon, A},
Title = {Bid-Ask Spreads in Foreign Exchange Markets: Implications
for Models of Asymmetric Information},
Pages = {41-65},
Booktitle = {The Microstructure of Foreign Exchange Markets},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Editor = {Galli, G and Giovannini, A},
Year = {1996},
ISBN = {0226260003},
Key = {fds266722}
}
@misc{fds319292,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Kleidon, A},
Title = {Bid-Ask Spreads in Foreign Exchange Markets: Implications
for Models of Asymmetric Information},
Pages = {41-65},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Frankel, J and Galli, G and Giovannini, A},
Year = {1996},
ISBN = {0226260003},
Key = {fds319292}
}
@article{fds312635,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Nonlinear Dynamics in Financial Markets: Evidence and
Implications},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {55-62},
Publisher = {CFA Institute},
Year = {1995},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0015-198X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v51.n4.1921},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v51.n4.1921},
Key = {fds312635}
}
@article{fds328083,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Peters, EE},
Title = {Chaos and Order in the Capital Markets: A New View of
Cycles, Prices, and Market Volatility.},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2041-2041},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2329084},
Doi = {10.2307/2329084},
Key = {fds328083}
}
@article{fds312636,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Assessing the Market and Credit Risks of Long-Term Interest
Rate and Foreign Currency Products},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {75-79},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1993},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0015-198X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v49.n4.75},
Doi = {10.2469/faj.v49.n4.75},
Key = {fds312636}
}
@article{fds266738,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Using non-linear methods to search for risk premia in
currency futures},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {113-132},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(93)90007-K},
Abstract = {This paper uses currency futures prices to test the joint
null hypotheses of rational expectations and absence of a
time-varying risk premium in the foreign exchange market. We
find no linear predictability in the logarithm of futures
price changes, either using its own past or past interest
differentials. Also we establish that there is no non-linear
predictability in log price changes, conditioning on its own
past, or past interest rate differentials. Thus, if a
time-varying risk premium exists in currency futures market,
it is not related to its own past or past interest rate
differentials. © 1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(93)90007-K},
Key = {fds266738}
}
@article{fds312650,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Implications of Nonlinear Dynamics for Financial Risk
Management},
Journal = {Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-64},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1090},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LA56400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper demonstrates that when log price changes are not
IID, their conditional density may be more accurate than
their unconditional density for describing short-term
behavior. Using the BDS test of independence and identical
distribution, daily log price changes in four currency
futures contracts are found to be not IID. While there
appear to be no predictable conditional mean changes,
conditional variances are predictable, and can be described
by an autoregressive volatility model that seems to capture
all the departures from independence and identical
distribution. Based on this model, daily log price changes
are decomposed into a predictable part, which is described
parametrically by the autoregressive volatility model, and
an unpredictable part, which can be modeled by an empirical
density, either parametrically or nonparametrically. This
two-step seminonparametric method yields a conditional
density for daily log price changes, which has a number of
uses in financial risk management. © 1993, School of
Business Administration, University of Washington. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/2331150},
Key = {fds312650}
}
@article{fds312653,
Author = {BANSAL, R and HSIEH, DA and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {A New Approach to International Arbitrage
Pricing},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1719-1747},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MP99100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper uses a nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model, a
conditional linear model, and an unconditional linear model
to price international equities, bonds, and forward currency
contracts. Unlike linear models, the nonlinear
arbitrage‐pricing model requires no restrictions on the
payoff space, allowing it to price payoffs of options,
forward contracts, and other derivative securities. Only the
nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model does an adequate job of
explaining the time series behavior of a cross section of
international returns. 1993 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb05126.x},
Key = {fds312653}
}
@misc{fds266723,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Estimating the Dynamics of Volatility},
Pages = {507-521},
Booktitle = {Conference on Financial Innovation: 20 Years of
Black/Scholes and Merton},
Publisher = {Fuqua School of Business},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds266723}
}
@misc{fds266724,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Fung, W and Leitner, J},
Title = {Exploiting the Interest Rate Differential in Currency
Trading},
Pages = {260-286},
Booktitle = {Strategic Currency Investing: Trading and Hedging in the
Foreign Exchange Market},
Publisher = {Probus Publishing Company},
Editor = {Gitlin, A},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds266724}
}
@book{fds326061,
Author = {Brock, WA and Hsieh, DA and LeBaron, B},
Title = {Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and Instability - Unix
version},
Volume = {1},
Year = {1992},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {0-262-52172-5},
Abstract = {Chaos theory has touched on such fields as biology,
cognitive science, and physics. By providing a unified and
complete explanation of new statistical methods that are
useful for testing for chaos in data sets, Brock, Hsieh, and
LeBaron show how the principles of chaos theory can be
applied to such areas of economics and finance as the
changing structure of stock returns and nonlinearity in
foreign exchange. They use computer models extensively to
illustrate their ideas and explain this frontier research at
a level of rigor sufficient for others to build upon as well
as to verify the soundness of their arguments. The authors,
who have played a major role in developing basic testing
methods that are effective in detecting chaos and other
nonlinearities, provide a detailed exposition of empirical
techniques for identifying evidence of chaos. They introduce
and describe the BDS statistic, an easy-to-use test that
detects the existence of potentially forecastable structure,
nonstationarity, or hidden patterns in time-series data and
that can be adapted to test for the adequacy of fit of
forecasting models. An extensive performance evaluation of
the BDS is included. Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and
Instability also reviews important issues in the theoretical
economics literature on chaos and complex dynamics, surveys
existing work on the detection of chaos and nonlinear
structure, and develops models and processes to discover
predictable sequencing in time-series data, such as stock
returns, that currently appear random.},
Key = {fds326061}
}
@article{fds266737,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {A nonlinear stochastic rational expectations model of
exchange rates},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {235-250},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(92)90044-X},
Abstract = {This paper constructs an example of a nonlinear stochastic
rational expectations exchange rate with an explicit
solution, which is consistent with nonlinearities in short
term movements in exchange rates. The model consists of risk
neutral agents, who know the intervention rule of the
central bank. The resulting exchange rate switches between
two linear stochastic processes, one when intervention is
present, and another when intervention is absent.
Nonlinearity enters through the probability of intervention,
which is time varying and depends on past outcomes. This
model is consistent with the empirical observations that the
rate of change of the exchange rate has little
autocorrelation, but it exhibits strong nonlinear
dependence, and its variance changes over time. (JEL J31,
G15). © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(92)90044-X},
Key = {fds266737}
}
@article{fds312652,
Author = {HSIEH, DA},
Title = {Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics: Application to Financial
Markets},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1839-1877},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GW12200011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {After the stock market crash of October 19, 1987, interest
in nonlinear dynamics, especially deterministic chaotic
dynamics, has increased in both the financial press and the
academic literature. This has come about because the
frequency of large moves in stock markets is greater than
would be expected under a normal distribution. There are a
number of possible explanations. A popular one is that the
stock market is governed by chaotic dynamics. What exactly
is chaos and how is it related to nonlinear dynamics? How
does one detect chaos? Is there chaos in financial markets?
Are there other explanations of the movements of financial
prices other than chaos? The purpose of this paper is to
explore these issues. 1991 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1991.tb04646.x},
Key = {fds312652}
}
@book{fds266727,
Author = {Brock, WA and Hsieh, DA and LeBaron, BD},
Title = {Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and Instability: Statistical
Theory and Economic Evidence Hauptbd},
Pages = {328 pages},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds266727}
}
@article{fds312637,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Fung, W},
Title = {Estimating the Dynamics of Foreign Currency
Futures},
Journal = {Review of Futures Markets (Kent)},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {490-514},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1933-7116},
Key = {fds312637}
}
@article{fds312638,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Implications of Observed Properties of Daily Exchange Rate
Movements},
Journal = {Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions &
Money},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {61-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1042-4431},
Key = {fds312638}
}
@misc{fds266725,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Gallant, RA and Barnett, W},
Title = {On Fitting a Recalcitrant Series: the Pound/Dollar Exchange
Rate, 1974-83},
Pages = {199-240},
Booktitle = {Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Econometrics and
Statistics, Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium
in Economic Theory and Econometrics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Barnett, W and Powell, J and Tauchen, G},
Year = {1991},
ISBN = {0521370906},
Key = {fds266725}
}
@misc{fds319293,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {On Fitting a Recalcitrant Series: the Pound/Dollar Exchange
Rate},
Pages = {199-240},
Booktitle = {Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Econometrics and
and Statistics, Proceedings of the Fifth International
Symposium in Econmic Theory and Econometrics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Barnett, WA and Powell, J and Tauchen, G},
Year = {1991},
ISBN = {0521370906},
Key = {fds319293}
}
@article{fds312651,
Author = {HSIEH, DA and MILLER, MH},
Title = {Margin Regulation and Stock Market Volatility},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-29},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990CU53000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Using daily and monthly stock returns we find no convincing
evidence that Federal Reserve margin requirements have
served to dampen stock market volatility. The contrary
conclusion, expressed in recent papers by Hardouvelis
(1988a, b), is traced to flaws in his test design. We do
detect the expected negative relation between margin
requirements and the amount of margin credit outstanding. We
also confirm the recent finding by Schwert (1988) that
changes in margin requirements by the Fed have tended to
follow rather than lead changes in market volatility. 1990
The American Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1990.tb05078.x},
Key = {fds312651}
}
@article{fds312640,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Testing for Nonlinear Dependence in Daily Foreign Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {The Journal of Business},
Volume = {62},
Number = {3},
Pages = {339-339},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9398},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/296466},
Doi = {10.1086/296466},
Key = {fds312640}
}
@article{fds312639,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Modeling Heteroskedasticity in Daily Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {307-317},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1989},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1989.10509740},
Abstract = {This article estimates autoregressive conditionally
heteroscedastic (ARCH) and generalized ARCH (GARCH) models
for five foreign currencies, using 10 years of daily data, a
variety of ARCH and GARCH specifications, a number of
nonnormal error densities, and a comprehensive set of
diagnostic checks. It finds that ARCH and GARCH models can
usually remove all heteroscedasticity in price changes in
all five currencies. Goodness-of-fit diagnostics indicate
that exponential GARCH with certain nonnormal distributions
fits the Canadian dollar extremely well and the Swiss franc
and the deutsche mark reasonably well. Only one nonnormal
distribution fits the Japanese yen reasonably well. None fit
the British pound. © 1989 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1989.10509740},
Key = {fds312639}
}
@article{fds266735,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The statistical properties of daily foreign exchange rates:
1974-1983},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {129-145},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(88)90025-6},
Abstract = {This paper examines the statistical properties of daily
rates of change of five foreign currencies from 1974 to
1983. The main purpose is to discriminate between two
competing explanations for the observed heavy tails of the
distribution: that the data are independently drawn from a
heavy tail distribution which remains fixed over time, and
that the data come from distributions which vary over time.
Evidence point to the rejection of the first hypothesis.
Further investigations show that the rejection can be
attributed to changing means and variances in the data,
which can be described by a simple statistical model. ©
1988.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(88)90025-6},
Key = {fds266735}
}
@article{fds312641,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Manski, CF},
Title = {Empirical Regularities in the Deutsche Mark Futures
Options},
Journal = {Advances in Futures and Options Research},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {183-208},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds312641}
}
@article{fds312642,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Manski, CF},
Title = {Monte Carlo Evidence on Adaptive Maximum Likelihood
Estimation of a Regression},
Journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {541-551},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {1987},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0090-5364},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176350359},
Doi = {10.1214/aos/1176350359},
Key = {fds312642}
}
@article{fds266736,
Author = {Bilson, JFO and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The profitability of currency speculation},
Journal = {International Journal of Forecasting},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-130},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0169-2070},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2070(87)90082-3},
Abstract = {This paper presents the results of a post-sample simulation
of a speculative strategy using a portfolio of foreign
currency forward contracts. The main new features of the
speculative strategy are (a) the use of Kalman filters to
updata the forecasting equation, (b) the allowance for
transactions costs and margin requirements and (c) the
endogeneous determination of the leveraging of the
portfolio. While the forecasting model tended to
overestimate profit and underestimate risk, the strategy was
still profitable over a three year period and it was
possible to reject the hypothesis that the sum of profits
was zero. © 1987.},
Doi = {10.1016/0169-2070(87)90082-3},
Key = {fds266736}
}
@misc{fds266726,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Huizinga, J},
Title = {Gold in the Optimal Portfolio},
Pages = {212-261},
Booktitle = {The Reconstruction of International Monetary
Arrangements},
Publisher = {MacMillan},
Editor = {Aliber, R},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds266726}
}
@article{fds312643,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Leiderman, L},
Title = {Portfolio Implications of Empirical Rejections of the
Expectations Hypothesis},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {4},
Pages = {680-684},
Publisher = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press (MIT Press):
Economics Titles},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {1530-9142},
Key = {fds312643}
}
@article{fds266733,
Author = {Chan, KC and Chen, NF and Hsieh, DA},
Title = {An exploratory investigation of the firm size
effect},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {451-471},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(85)90008-X},
Abstract = {We investigate the firm size effect for the period 1958 to
1977 in the framework of a multi-factor pricing model. The
risk-adjusted difference in returns between the top five
percent and the bottom five percent of the NYSE firms is
about one to two percent a year, a drop from about twelve
percent per year before risk adjustment. The variable most
responsible for the adjustment is the sensitivity of asset
returns to the changing risk premium, measured by the return
difference between low-grade bonds and long-term government
bonds. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-405X(85)90008-X},
Key = {fds266733}
}
@article{fds312644,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Lee, J},
Title = {Choice of Inventory Accounting Method: a
Ricardian},
Journal = {Journal of Accounting Research},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {468-485},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months - No Online Open},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {1475-679X},
Key = {fds312644}
}
@article{fds312645,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Manski, C and McFadden, D},
Title = {estimation of response probabilities from
augmented},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {80},
Number = {391},
Pages = {651-662},
Publisher = {Taylor & Francis: SSH Journals},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {1537-274X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1985.10478165},
Abstract = {When augmented by suitable auxiliary information,
retrospective data can identify response probabilities. The
auxiliary information may take the form of data on marginal
distributions or appropriate structural assumptions. When a
combination of retrospective observation and auxiliary
information suffices in principle to identify response
probabilities, practical use of this fact requires that
statistically sound and computationally tractable estimation
methods be available. This article analyzes the problem of
identification and presents the needed estimators. © 1976
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.1985.10478165},
Key = {fds312645}
}
@article{fds266732,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {Tests of rational expectations and no risk premium in
forward exchange markets},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {173-184},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(84)90013-8},
Abstract = {This paper tests the simple efficiency hypothesis, i.e. that
traders have rational expectations and charge no risk
premium in the forward exchange market. It uses a
statistical procedure which is consistent under a large
class of heteroscedasticity, and a set of data which takes
into account the institutional features of the forward
exchange market. The results show that this procedure leads
to stronger rejections of the simple efficiency hypothesis
than do procedures using the standard assumption of
homoscedasticity. © 1984.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(84)90013-8},
Key = {fds266732}
}
@article{fds266734,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {International risk sharing and the choice of exchange-rate
regime},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-151},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(84)90002-0},
Abstract = {This paper examines the argument that the fixed
exchange-rate regime should be preferred to the flexible
rate regime because the former allows risk sharing across
countries while the latter does not. The analysis is
performed in a two-country overlapping generations model,
where markets are incomplete under all exchange regimes. It
is shown that risks are pooled across countries when the
equilibrium exchange rate is constant across states of
nature, which arises under the fixed rate regime with or
without capital restriction, and under the flexible rate
regime without capital restriction. Risks are not pooled
across countries when the equilibrium exchange rate is
different across states of nature, which arises under the
flexible rate regime with capital restriction. But in a
model with incomplete markets, the ability to share risk
across countries in the regimes with constant exchange rates
does not necessarily lead to higher welfare than the
inability to share risk in the regime with random exchange
rates. © 1984.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(84)90002-0},
Key = {fds266734}
}
@article{fds266730,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {A heteroscedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator
for time series regressions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {281-290},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(83)90104-5},
Abstract = {This paper provides a covariance matrix estimator for the
ordinary least squares coefficients of a linear time series
model which is consistent even when the disturbances are
heteroscedastic. This estimator does not require a formal
model of the heteroscedasticity. One can also obtain a
direct test of heteroscedasticity, although Monte Carlo
experiments show that it may have low power. ©
1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(83)90104-5},
Key = {fds266730}
}
@article{fds266731,
Author = {Hsieh, DA},
Title = {The determination of the real exchange rate. The
productivity approach},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {355-362},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(82)90045-9},
Abstract = {This paper explains deviations of exchange rates from
purchasing power parity with the differences between
countries of the relative growth rates of labor productivity
between traded and nontraded sectors. Two cases are
considered: Germany and Japan versus their respective major
trading partners. The results show that the time series
methodology yields a more favorable confirmation of the
productivity differential model than the cross section
regressions in the literature. © 1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(82)90045-9},
Key = {fds266731}
}
@article{fds312646,
Author = {HSIEH, DA and KULATILAKA, N},
Title = {Rational Expectations and Risk Premia in Forward Markets:
Primary Metals at the London Metals Exchange},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1199-1207},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1982.tb03612.x},
Abstract = {This paper tests whether forward prices equal the traders'
expectations of the future spot prices at maturity, under
two different models of expectations formation: full
information rational expectations and incomplete information
mechanical forecasting rule. The tests are performed, over
the period January 1970 through September 1980, on the
forward markets for the primary metals—copper, tin, lead,
and zinc‐traded in the London Metals Exchange. We find
evidence consistent with the existence of time varying risk
premia. 1982 The American Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1982.tb03612.x},
Key = {fds312646}
}
%% Huang, Xin
@article{fds49764,
Author = {Torben G. Andersen and Tim Bollerslev and Xin
Huang},
Title = {A Semiparametric Framework for Modeling and Forecasting
Jumps and Volatility in Speculative Prices},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Building on realized variance andbi-power variation measures
constructed from high-frequencyfinancial prices, we propose
a simple semiparametric framework foreffectively
incorporating intraday data into modeling andforecasting of
daily return volatility. We decompose the totaldaily return
variability into the continuous sample path varianceand the
discontinuous jumps over the trading day as well as
theovernight return. Our empirical results, based on long
samples ofhigh-frequency equity and bond futures returns,
suggest that thedynamic dependencies in the daily continuous
sample pathvariability is well described by an approximate
long-memoryHAR-GARCH model, while the overnight returns may
be captured by anaugmented GARCH type structure. Meanwhile,
the non-parametricallyidentified jumps reveal interesting
dynamic dependencies. We findthat combining an ACH model for
the time-varying jump intensitywith a log-linear structure
for the jump size does a good job indescribing the
identified discontinuities. Lastly, we show how theresulting
recursive three-component model structure may be used
togenerate improved return volatility forecasts for the
daily,weekly, and monthly horizons.},
Key = {fds49764}
}
@article{fds49765,
Author = {X. Huang},
Title = {Macroeconomic News Announcements, Financial Market
Volatility and Jumps},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds49765}
}
@article{fds49763,
Author = {Xin Huang and George Tauchen},
Title = {The Relative Contribution of Jumps to Total Price
Variance},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {456-499},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
url = {http://jfec.oxfordjournals.org/content/vol3/issue4/index.dtl},
Abstract = {We examine tests for jumps based on recent asymptotic
results; weinterpret the tests as Hausman-type tests. Monte
Carlo evidencesuggests that the daily ratio $z$-statistic
has appropriate size,good power, and good jump detection
capabilities revealed by theconfusion matrix comprised of
jump classification probabilities.We identify a pitfall in
applying the asymptotic approximationover an entire sample.
Theoretical and Monte Carlo analysisindicates that
microstructure noise biases the tests againstdetecting
jumps, and that a simple lagging strategy corrects thebias.
Empirical work documents evidence for jumps that account
forseven percent of stock market price variance.},
Key = {fds49763}
}
%% Huneeus, Federico C
@article{fds374118,
Author = {Didier, T and Huneeus, F and Larrain, M and Schmukler,
SL},
Title = {Financing firms in hibernation during the COVID-19
pandemic},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Stability},
Volume = {53},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2020.100837},
Abstract = {The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic halted economic activity
worldwide, hurting firms and pushing many of them toward
bankruptcy. This paper discusses four central issues that
have emerged in the academic and policy debates related to
firm financing during the downturn. First, the economic
crisis triggered by the pandemic is radically different from
past crises, with important consequences for optimal policy
responses. Second, it is important to preserve firms’
relationships with key stakeholders (e.g., workers,
suppliers, customers, and creditors) to avoid inefficient
bankruptcies and long-term detrimental economic effects.
Third, firms can benefit from “hibernation,” incurring
the minimum bare expenses necessary to withstand the
pandemic while using credit to remain alive until the crisis
subdues. Fourth, the existing legal and regulatory
infrastructure is ill-equipped to deal with an exogenous
systemic shock like a pandemic. Financial sector policies
can help channel credit to firms, but they are hard to
implement and entail different trade-offs.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfs.2020.100837},
Key = {fds374118}
}
@article{fds374119,
Author = {Huneeus, F and Landerretche, O and Puentes, E and Selman,
J},
Title = {A multidimensional employment quality index for Brazil,
2002-11},
Journal = {International Labour Review},
Volume = {154},
Number = {2},
Pages = {195-226},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2015.00239.x},
Abstract = {In countries where informal, insecure jobs are widespread,
traditional labour market indicators - such as the
unemployment rate, labour force participation rate and wages
- are not necessarily the most meaningful. The authors use a
multidimensional employment quality index to analyse the
Brazilian labour market over the period 2002-11, across
three dimensions: earnings, formality (measured by the
existence of an employment contract and social security
contributions) and job tenure. The results show a
significant increase in employment quality overall,
especially in the years 2009-11, but with considerable
differences between wage employees and self-employed
workers, and between industries.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1564-913X.2015.00239.x},
Key = {fds374119}
}
%% Hungerman, Daniel M.
@article{fds26506,
Author = {Daniel M. Hungerman},
Title = {Are Church And State Substitutes? Evidence from the 1996
Welfare Reform},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~dmh7/CHURCH5_jobmarket.pdf},
Key = {fds26506}
}
@article{fds26507,
Author = {Daniel M. Hungerman},
Title = {Race And Charitable Church Activity},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~dmh7/Church_Race5.pdf},
Key = {fds26507}
}
@article{fds26509,
Author = {Daniel M. Hungerman, and Jonathan Gruber},
Title = {Charitable Church Activity and the Rise of the Welfare
State},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26509}
}
@article{fds26510,
Author = {Daniel M. Hungerman},
Title = {Comparing Government Expansion and Contraction: Are all
Crowd-Out Stories the Same?},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26510}
}
@article{fds26508,
Author = {Daniel M. Hungerman},
Title = {Investment and Efficiency in Bilateral Contracting with
Externalities},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~dmh7/lewis_investment.pdf},
Key = {fds26508}
}
%% Hussey, Andrew J.
@article{fds42424,
Title = {Compensating Differentials, Tournaments, and the Market for
MBAs},
Journal = {Job Market Paper,},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~husseya/husseymbapaper.pdf},
Key = {fds42424}
}
@article{fds42425,
Author = {A.J. Hussey and P. Arcidiacono and J. Cooley},
Title = {Returns to Schooling: Returns when the Counterfactual is
Observed},
Journal = {revise and resubmit: International Economic
Review},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds42425}
}
@article{fds42426,
Title = {Signaling vs. Screening: the Case of MBAs},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds42426}
}
%% Ilut, Cosmin L.
@article{fds375360,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Ilut, C and Saijo, H},
Title = {Diagnostic Business Cycles},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-162},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad024},
Abstract = {A large psychology literature argues that, due to selective
memory recall, decision-makers' forecasts of the future are
overly influenced by the perceived news. We adopt the
diagnostic expectations (DE) paradigm [Bordalo et al.
(2018), Journal of Finance, 73, 199-227] to capture this
feature of belief formation, develop a method to incorporate
DE in business cycle models, and study the implications for
aggregate dynamics. First, we address (1) the theoretical
challenges associated with modelling the feedback between
optimal actions and agents' DE beliefs and (2) the
time-inconsistencies that arise under distant memory (i.e.
when news is perceived with respect to a more distant past
than just the immediate one). Second, we show that under
distant memory the interaction between actions and DE
beliefs naturally generates repeated boom-bust cycles in
response to a single initial shock.We also propose a
portable solution method to study DE in dynamic stochastic
general equilibrium models and use it to estimate a
quantitative DE New Keynesian model. Both endogenous states
and distant memory play a critical role in successfully
replicating the boom-bust cycle observed in response to a
monetary policy shock.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdad024},
Key = {fds375360}
}
@article{fds371112,
Author = {Ilut, C and Valchev, R},
Title = {Economic Agents as Imperfect Problem Solvers},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {138},
Number = {1},
Pages = {313-362},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjac027},
Abstract = {We develop a novel bounded rationality model of imperfect
reasoning as the interaction between automatic (System 1)
and analytical (System 2) thinking. In doing so, we
formalize the empirical consensus of cognitive psychology
using a structural, constrained-optimal economic framework
of mental information acquisition about the unknown optimal
policy function. A key result is that agents reason less
(more) when facing usual (unusual) states of the world,
producing state- and history-dependent behavior. Our
application is an otherwise standard incomplete-markets
model with no a priori behavioral biases. The ergodic
distribution of actions and beliefs is characterized by
endogenous learning traps, where locally stable state
dynamics generate familiar regions of the state space within
which behavior appears to follow memory-based heuristics.
This results in endogenous behavioral biases that have many
empirically desirable properties: the marginal propensity to
consume is high even for unconstrained agents, hand-to-mouth
status is more frequent and persistent, and there is more
wealth inequality than in the standard model.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjac027},
Key = {fds371112}
}
@misc{fds369939,
Author = {Ilut, C and Schneider, M},
Title = {Ambiguity},
Pages = {749-777},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Economic Expectations},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128234761},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822927-9.00033-1},
Abstract = {We survey the literature on ambiguity with an emphasis on
recent applications in macroeconomics and finance. Like
risk, ambiguity leads to cautious behavior and uncertainty
premia in asset markets. Unlike risk, ambiguity can generate
first-order welfare losses. As a result, precautionary
behavior and ambiguity premia appear even when agents have
linear utility and are reflected in linear approximations to
model dynamics. Quantitative work exploits this insight to
estimate models that jointly match the dynamics of asset
prices and macro aggregates. In micro data, inertia and
inaction due to ambiguity help understand patterns such as
nonparticipation in asset markets, price rigidities, and
simple contracts. Learning under ambiguity generates
asymmetric responses to news that help connect higher
moments in micro and macro data. Survey evidence is
increasingly used to provide direct evidence on ambiguity
averse behavior, as well as to discipline quantitative
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-822927-9.00033-1},
Key = {fds369939}
}
@article{fds325434,
Author = {Ilut, C and Saijo, H},
Title = {Learning, confidence, and business cycles},
Pages = {354-376},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.01.010},
Abstract = {We argue that information accumulation provides a
quantitatively successful propagation mechanism that
challenges and empirically improves on the conventional New
Keynesian models with many nominal and real rigidities. In
particular, we build a tractable heterogeneous-firm business
cycle model where firms face Knightian uncertainty about
their profitability and learn it through production. The
feedback between uncertainty and economic activity maps
fundamental shocks into an as if procyclical equilibrium
confidence process, generating co-movement driven by demand
shocks, amplified and hump-shaped dynamics, countercyclical
correlated wedges in the equilibrium conditions for labor,
risk-free and risky assets, and countercyclical firm-level
and aggregate dispersion of forecasts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.01.010},
Key = {fds325434}
}
@article{fds325435,
Author = {Ilut, C and Valchev, R and Vincent, N},
Title = {Paralyzed by Fear: Rigid and Discrete Pricing Under Demand
Uncertainty},
Pages = {1899-1938},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA14234},
Abstract = {We propose a new theory of price rigidity based on firms'
Knightian uncertainty about their competitive environment.
This uncertainty has two key implications. First, firms
learn about the shape of their demand function from past
observations of quantities sold. This learning gives rise to
kinks in the expected profit function at previously observed
prices, making those prices both sticky and more likely to
reoccur. Second, uncertainty about the relationship between
aggregate and industry-level inflation generates nominal
rigidity. We prove the main insights analytically and
quantify the effects of our mechanism. Our estimated
quantitative model is consistent with a wide range of
micro-level pricing facts that are typically challenging to
match jointly. It also implies significantly more persistent
monetary non-neutrality than in standard models, allowing it
to generate large real effects from nominal
shocks.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA14234},
Key = {fds325435}
}
@article{fds324314,
Author = {Ilut, C and Kehrig, M and Schneider, M},
Title = {Slow to hire, quick to fire: Employment dynamics with
asymmetric responses to news},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {126},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2011-2071},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/699189},
Abstract = {Concave hiring rules imply that firms respond more to bad
shocks than to good shocks. They provide a unified
explanation for several seemingly unrelated facts about
employment growth in macro-and microdata. In particular,
they generate countercyclical movement in both aggregate
conditional “macro” volatility and cross-sectional
“micro” volatility, as well as negative skewness in the
cross section and in the time series at different levels of
aggregation. Concave establishment-level responses of
employment growth to total factor productivity shocks
estimated from census data induce significant skewness,
movements in volatility, and amplification of bad aggregate
shocks.},
Doi = {10.1086/699189},
Key = {fds324314}
}
@article{fds328333,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Ilut, CL and Schneider, M},
Title = {Uncertainty Shocks, Asset Supply and Pricing Over the
Business Cycle},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds328333}
}
@article{fds325832,
Author = {Ilut, CL and Benczur, P},
Title = {Evidence for Relational Contracts in Sovereign Bank
Lending},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds325832}
}
@article{fds285707,
Author = {Ilut, CL},
Title = {Comment on "Risk and ambiguity in models of business cycles"
by David Backus, Axelle Ferriere and Stanley
Zin},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {64-69},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2014.11.006},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2014.11.006},
Key = {fds285707}
}
@article{fds285708,
Author = {Ilut, CL and Schneider, M},
Title = {Ambiguous Business Cycles},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2368-2399},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.8.2368},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.8.2368},
Key = {fds285708}
}
@article{fds320099,
Author = {Bianchi, F and Ilut, CL},
Title = {Monetary/Fiscal Policy Mix and Agents’
Beliefs},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {119},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We reinterpret post World War II US economic history using
an estimated microfounded model that allows for changes in
the monetary/fiscal policy mix. We find that the fiscal
authority was the leading authority in the ‘60s and the
‘70s. The appointment of Volcker marked a change in the
conduct of monetary policy, but inflation dropped only when
fiscal policy accommodated this change two years later. In
fact, a disinflationary attempt of the monetary authority
leads to more inflation if not supported by the fiscal
authority. If the monetary authority had always been the
leading authority or if agents had been confident about the
switch, the Great Inflation would not have occurred and debt
would have been higher. This is because the rise in trend
inflation and the decline in debt of the ‘70s were caused
by a series of fiscal shocks that are inflationary only when
monetary policy accommodates fiscal policy. The reversal in
the debt-to-GDP ratio dynamics, the sudden drop in
inflation, and the fall in output of the early ‘80s are
explained by the switch in the policy mix itself. If such a
switch had not occurred, inflation would have been high for
another fifteen years. Regime changes account for the
stickiness of inflation expectations during the ‘60s and
the ‘70s and for the break in the persistence and
volatility of inflation.},
Key = {fds320099}
}
@article{fds285709,
Author = {Ilut, C},
Title = {Ambiguity aversion: Implications for the uncovered interest
rate parity puzzle},
Pages = {33-65},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.4.3.33},
Abstract = {High interest rate currencies tend to appreciate in the
future relative to low interest rate currencies instead of
depreciating as uncovered interest parity (UIP) predicts. I
construct a model of exchange rate determination in which
ambiguity-averse agents face a dynamic filtering problem
featuring signals of uncertain precision. Solving a max-min
problem, agents act upon a worst-case signal precision and
systematically underestimate the hidden state that controls
payoffs. Thus, on average, agents next periods perceive
positive innovations, which generates an upward
re-evaluation of the strategy's profitability and implies ex
post departures from UIP. The model also produces
predictable expectational errors, negative skewness, and
time-series momentum for currency speculation
payoffs.},
Doi = {10.1257/mac.4.3.33},
Key = {fds285709}
}
@article{fds325436,
Author = {Christiano, LJ and Ilut, CL and Motto, R and Rostagno,
M},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Stock Market Booms},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Historical data and model simulations support the following
conclusion. Inflation is low during stock market booms, so
that an interest rate rule that is too narrowly focused on
inflation destabilizes asset markets and the broader
economy. Adjustments to the interest rate rule can remove
this source of welfare-reducing instability. For example,
allowing an independent role for credit growth (beyond its
role in constructing the inflation forecast) would reduce
the volatility of output and asset prices.},
Key = {fds325436}
}
%% Jarosch, Gregor
@article{fds371143,
Author = {Jarosch, G},
Title = {Searching for Job Security and the Consequences of Job
Loss},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {91},
Number = {3},
Pages = {903-942},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA14008},
Abstract = {Job loss comes with large present value earnings losses
which elude workhorse models of unemployment and labor
market policy. I propose a parsimonious model of a
frictional labor market in which jobs differ in terms of
unemployment risk and workers search off- and on-the-job.
This gives rise to a job ladder with slippery bottom rungs
where unemployment spells beget unemployment spells. I allow
for human capital to respond to time spent out of work and
estimate the framework on German Social Security data. The
model captures the joint response of wages, employment, and
unemployment risk to job loss which I measure empirically.
The key driver of the “unemployment scar” is the loss in
job security and its interaction with the evolution of human
capital and, in particular, the search for better
employment.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA14008},
Key = {fds371143}
}
@article{fds372811,
Author = {Farboodi, M and Jarosch, G and Shimer, R},
Title = {The Emergence of Market Structure},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {90},
Number = {1},
Pages = {261-292},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdac014},
Abstract = {We study a model of over-the-counter trading in which ex
ante identical traders invest in a contact technology and
participate in bilateral trade. We show that a rich market
structure emerges both in equilibrium and in an optimal
allocation. There is continuous heterogeneity in market
access under weak regularity conditions. If the cost per
contact is constant, heterogeneity is governed by a power
law and there are middlemen, market participants with
unboundedly high contact rates who account for a positive
fraction of meetings. Externalities lead to overinvestment
in equilibrium, and policies that reduce investment in the
contact technology can improve welfare. We relate our
findings to important features of real-world trading
networks.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdac014},
Key = {fds372811}
}
@article{fds365039,
Author = {Farboodi, M and Jarosch, G and Shimer, R},
Title = {Internal and external effects of social distancing in a
pandemic},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {196},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2021.105293},
Abstract = {We develop a quantitative framework for exploring how
individuals trade off the utility benefit of social activity
against the internal and external health risks that come
with social interactions during a pandemic. We calibrate the
model to external targets and then compare its predictions
with daily data on social activity, fatalities, and the
estimated effective reproduction number R(t) from the
COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. While the laissez-faire
equilibrium is consistent with much of the decline in social
activity in March in the US before any formal stay-at-home
orders, optimal policy further imposes immediate and highly
persistent social distancing. The expected cost of COVID-19
in the US is substantial, $12,700 in the laissez-faire
equilibrium and $8,100 per person under an optimal policy.
Optimal policy generates this large welfare gain by shifting
the composition of costs from fatalities to persistent
social distancing that largely suppresses the
outbreak.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2021.105293},
Key = {fds365039}
}
@article{fds365040,
Author = {Jarosch, G and Oberfield, E and Rossi-Hansberg,
E},
Title = {Learning From Coworkers},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {647-676},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA16915},
Abstract = {We investigate learning at the workplace. To do so, we use
German administrative data that contain information on the
entire workforce of a sample of establishments. We document
that having more-highly-paid coworkers is strongly
associated with future wage growth, particularly if those
workers earn more. Motivated by this fact, we propose a
dynamic theory of a competitive labor market where firms
produce using teams of heterogeneous workers that learn from
each other. We develop a methodology to structurally
estimate knowledge flows using the full-richness of the
German employer-employee matched data. The methodology
builds on the observation that a competitive labor market
prices coworker learning. Our quantitative approach imposes
minimal restrictions on firms' production functions, can be
implemented on a very short panel, and allows for
potentially rich and flexible coworker learning functions.
In line with our reduced-form results, learning from
coworkers is significant, particularly from more
knowledgeable coworkers. We show that between 4 and 9% of
total worker compensation is in the form of learning and
that inequality in total compensation is significantly lower
than inequality in wages.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA16915},
Key = {fds365040}
}
@article{fds365041,
Author = {Jarosch, G and Pilossoph, L},
Title = {Statistical discrimination and duration dependence in the
job finding rate},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1631-1665},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy055},
Abstract = {This article models a frictional labour market where
employers endogenously discriminate against the long-term
unemployed. The estimated model replicates recent
experimental evidence which documents that interview
invitations for observationally equivalent workers fall
sharply as unemployment duration progresses. We use the
model to quantitatively assess the consequences of such
employer behaviour for job finding rates and long-term
unemployment and find only modest effects given the large
decline in callbacks. Interviews lost to duration impact
individual job finding rates solely if they would have led
to jobs. We show that such instances are rare when firms
discriminate in anticipation of an ultimately unsuccessful
application. Discrimination in callbacks is thus largely a
response to dynamic selection, with limited consequences for
structural duration dependence and long-term
unemployment.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy055},
Key = {fds365041}
}
%% Jiang, Yue
@article{fds365704,
Author = {Barnes, EL and Long, MD and Raffals, L and Isaacs, K and Stidham, RW and Herfarth, HH and Contributors},
Title = {Development of the Endoscopic Pouch Score for Assessment of
Inflammatory Conditions of the Pouch.},
Journal = {Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official
Clinical Practice Journal of the American
Gastroenterological Association},
Volume = {21},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1663-1666.e3},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2022.04.026},
Abstract = {Pouchoscopy provides a critical objective measure in the
evaluation of patients with suspected inflammatory
conditions of the pouch; however, there remain significant
gaps in the reliability of the endoscopic scales used in the
assessment of these conditions.<sup>1,2</sup> Reliability
and reproducibility in the assessment of patients after
ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) are critical, as
evidenced by recent efforts to improve standardization in
the evaluation of patients with pouch-related
disorders.<sup>3</sup>.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cgh.2022.04.026},
Key = {fds365704}
}
@article{fds369990,
Author = {Nwosu, C and Wittstein, JR and Erickson, MM and Schroeder, N and Santiesteban, L and Klifto, C and Jiang, Y and Shapiro,
L},
Title = {Representation of Female Speakers at the American Academy of
Orthopaedic Surgeons Annual Meetings Over
Time.},
Journal = {J Am Acad Orthop Surg},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {283-291},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-22-00615},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In the United States, women comprise 16% of
orthopaedic surgery residents, 4% of fellows, and 6% of
practicing orthopaedic surgeons. The underrepresentation of
women in surgical subspecialties may be because of lack of
early exposure to female mentors. Conference speaker roles
are important for visibility. This study aims to evaluate
the representation of women in speaker roles and
responsibilities at the American Academy of Orthopaedic
Surgeons (AAOS) meetings over time. METHODS: The names of
speakers and session titles at the annual AAOS meetings were
obtained from conference programs for the years 2009, 2014,
and 2019. Each speaker was classified based on sex and role.
Sessions discussing scientific or surgical topics were
classified as technical and those that did not were
classified as nontechnical. Descriptive statistics are
provided, as well as individual-year odds ratios (ORs) and
confidence intervals (CIs) examining sex versus technical
session status and sex versus speaker role; combined results
controlling for year are calculated using the
Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method. RESULTS: Overall, 3,980
speaking sessions were analyzed; 6.8% of speaking sessions
were assigned to women. Women were more likely than men to
participate in nontechnical speaking roles (OR 3.85; 95% CI,
2.79 to 4.78). Among talks given by women, the percentage
that were nontechnical increased (25.5% in 2009, 24.3% in
2014, and 44.1% in 2019). Among moderator roles, the
percentage assigned to women increased (4.5% in 2009, 6.0%
in 2014, 14.5% in 2019). DISCUSSION: Our findings
demonstrate an increase in female speakers at AAOS meetings
from 2009 to 2019. The percentage of female moderators and
nontechnical sessions given by women increased since 2009. A
need for a shift in the distribution of speaker role exists,
which promotes inclusivity and prevents professional
marginalization. Representation of women as role models
increases visibility and may address the leaky pipeline
phenomenon and paucity of women in orthopaedics.},
Doi = {10.5435/JAAOS-D-22-00615},
Key = {fds369990}
}
@article{fds369748,
Author = {Moon, AM and Kim, HP and Jiang, Y and Lupu, G and Bissram, JS and Barritt,
AS and Tapper, EB},
Title = {Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of
Lactulose and Rifaximin on Patient-Reported Outcomes in
Hepatic Encephalopathy.},
Journal = {American Journal of Gastroenterology},
Volume = {118},
Number = {2},
Pages = {284-293},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002008},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4>Patients with hepatic encephalopathy
(HE) suffer from significant symptoms and impaired quality
of life. Improved understanding on the potential benefits of
first-line HE therapies may aid patient-provider discussions
regarding expected benefits of HE treatments. We aimed to
perform a systematic review to assess the effects of
lactulose and rifaximin on patient-reported outcomes
(PROs).<h4>Methods</h4>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and
Cochrane Library databases for randomized trials or
prospective cohort studies using lactulose and/or rifaximin
for the management of HE and assessing changes in PRO using
PRO instruments. Physician reviewers independently reviewed
titles, abstracts, and full texts and extracted data
independently. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to
examine the effects of lactulose and rifaximin on
PROs.<h4>Results</h4>We identified 16 studies representing
1,376 patients that met inclusion criteria. Most studies
assessed treatment of covert HE. In patients with covert HE,
lactulose significantly improved overall patient-reported
health-related quality of life measured by the Sickness
Impact Profile with an estimated pooled mean difference of
6.92 (95% confidence interval: 6.66-7.18) and showed
improvements in several subscales. Conversely, rifaximin
demonstrated a nonstatistically significant mean difference
in the total Sickness Impact Profile of 4.76 (95% confidence
interval: -4.23 to 13.76), with strong evidence of
heterogeneity between these studies. Studies examining other
PRO instruments showed improvements in overall
health-related quality of life, social functioning, and
sleep from both lactulose and rifaximin.<h4>Discussion</h4>Patients
with HE treated with lactulose or rifaximin reported
improvements in important PROs. These results may inform
provider-patient communication and help manage patient
expectations regarding the potential benefits of HE
therapies.},
Doi = {10.14309/ajg.0000000000002008},
Key = {fds369748}
}
@article{fds365446,
Author = {Deutsch-Link, S and Jiang, Y and Peery, AF and Barritt, AS and Bataller,
R and Moon, AM},
Title = {Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Mortality Increased From
2017 to 2020 and Accelerated During the COVID-19
Pandemic.},
Journal = {Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official
Clinical Practice Journal of the American
Gastroenterological Association},
Volume = {20},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2142-2144.e2},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2022.03.017},
Abstract = {Alcohol consumption has risen substantially in the United
States in the past 2 decades.<sup>1,2</sup>
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a greater
inpatient financial burden than all other etiologies of
cirrhosis combined<sup>3</sup> and is now the leading
indication for liver transplantation.<sup>4</sup> A recent
study reported that ALD mortality increased between 2006 and
2017.<sup>5</sup> Since 2017, alcohol consumption has
continued to rise, and more significantly during the
COVID-19 pandemic.<sup>2</sup> The aim of this research
letter is to provide the most updated trends in ALD-related
mortality in the United States and to quantify the rate of
change of ALD-related mortality over time.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cgh.2022.03.017},
Key = {fds365446}
}
@article{fds357329,
Author = {Lieber, SR and Jiang, Y and Moon, A and Barritt, AS},
Title = {Antiplatelet Medications Are Associated With Bleeding and
Decompensation Events Among Patients With
Cirrhosis.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology},
Volume = {56},
Number = {7},
Pages = {627-634},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000001558},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>In an aging population with
cardiovascular comorbidities, anticoagulant (AC),
antiplatelet (AP), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID) use are increasing. It remains unclear whether these
agents pose increased bleeding risk in cirrhosis. This study
aimed to assess the association between these medications
and bleeding and portal hypertension complications in
cirrhosis.<h4>Methods</h4>The IMS PharMetrics database was
used to identify privately insured adults diagnosed with
cirrhosis from 2007 to 2015, stratified as compensated or
decompensated based on the presence of portal hypertensive
complications 1 year before cirrhosis diagnosis. Bleeding or
decompensation outcomes were assessed 6 to 18 months after
cirrhosis diagnosis using a landmark analysis design.
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modeling
assessed associations between AC, AP, and NSAID drug
exposures and outcomes adjusting for covariates.<h4>Results</h4>A
total of 18,070 cirrhosis patients were analyzed; 57% male;
74% ages 50 to 64 years; 34% with a prior decompensation.
Overall, 377 (2%) had claims for ACs; 385 (2%) APs; and 1231
(7%) NSAIDs. APs were associated with increased bleeding
[adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=1.31; 95% confidence interval
(CI): 1.00, 1.72] and decompensation events (aHR=1.44; 95%
CI: 1.06, 1.95) in a 9-month landmark analysis. NSAIDs were
significantly associated with bleeding events (aHR=1.29; 95%
CI: 1.06, 1.57) on 3-month landmark analysis. No
statistically significant associations were seen between ACs
and bleeding or decompensation outcomes in adjusted
analyses.<h4>Conclusions</h4>AP use was associated with
increased bleeding and decompensation events among privately
insured patients with cirrhosis. NSAID use was associated
with significant early bleeding, but not decompensations.
Lastly ACs were not associated with bleeding or
decompensation outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1097/mcg.0000000000001558},
Key = {fds357329}
}
@article{fds362049,
Author = {Deutsch-Link, S and Moon, AM and Jiang, Y and Barritt, AS and Tapper,
EB},
Title = {Serum Ammonia in Cirrhosis: Clinical Impact of
Hyperammonemia, Utility of Testing, and National Testing
Trends.},
Journal = {Clinical Therapeutics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e45-e57},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.01.008},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>Ammonia is central to the pathophysiology of
hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhosis. Serum ammonia
levels have prognostic value and have been implicated in
sarcopenia, hepatotoxicity, and immune dysfunction. Studies
indicate that clinicians frequently order serum ammonia
levels in decompensated cirrhosis; however, the clinical
utility of serum ammonia levels has been questioned, citing
challenges in accurate measurement and interpretation. This
article involves a primary review of the literature to
evaluate the importance of serum ammonia in cirrhosis and
examines the clinical utility of serum ammonia levels in the
management of HE. In addition to the review, we conducted
primary research using national claims data to investigate
national trends in practitioner use of serum
ammonia.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified all hospitalizations
in a national commercial claims database with and without
ammonia testing among adults with noncirrhotic chronic liver
disease and cirrhosis from January 1, 2007, to September 31,
2015. We calculated the proportion of hospitalizations with
ammonia testing and the number of ammonia tests per 1000
hospital-days.<h4>Findings</h4>Proportion of
hospitalizations with ammonia testing and ammonia tests per
1000 inpatient-days increased significantly from 2007 to
2015, and particularly in 2014 and 2015, for all
groups.<h4>Implications</h4>A review of the literature
indicated that elevated serum ammonia contributes to
neurotoxicity, sarcopenia, and immune dysfunction in
cirrhosis. However, serum ammonia testing has not had
consistent benefit in clinical diagnosis or management of HE
in cirrhosis. Claims data indicated that ammonia testing
increased substantially during the study period,
particularly after the advent of electronic medical record
systems. The rapid increase in testing may suggest that
electronic health records play a crucial role in test volume
by facilitating easy ordering and could be leveraged to
improved value-based serum ammonia ordering. Serum ammonia
levels may also benefit from standardized guidelines on
collection, laboratory analysis, and interpretation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.01.008},
Key = {fds362049}
}
@article{fds356469,
Author = {Kim, HP and Jiang, Y and Farrell, TM and Peat, CM and Hayashi, PH and Barritt, AS},
Title = {Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Is Associated With Increased Hazard
for De Novo Alcohol-related Complications and Liver
Disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-185},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000001506},
Abstract = {<h4>Goal</h4>The goal of this study was to determine if
bariatric surgeries are associated with de novo
alcohol-related complications.<h4>Background</h4>Bariatric
surgery is associated with an increased risk of alcohol use
disorders. The effect of bariatric surgeries on other
alcohol-related outcomes, including liver disease, is
understudied.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Using the IMS
PharMetrics database, we performed a cohort study of adults
undergoing bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy, excluding
patients with an alcohol-related diagnosis within 1 year
before surgery. The primary outcome was any alcohol-related
diagnosis after surgery. We fit a multivariable Cox
proportional hazards model to determine independent
associations between bariatric surgeries [Roux-en-Y gastric
bypass (RYGB); adjustable gastric band; sleeve gastrectomy]
versus cholecystectomy and the development of de novo
alcohol-related outcomes. We further fit
complication-specific models for each alcohol-related
diagnosis.<h4>Results</h4>RYGB was significantly associated
with an increased hazard of any de novo alcohol-related
diagnosis [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=1.51, 95% confidence
interval (CI): 1.40-1.62], while adjustable gastric band
(AHR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.48-0.63) and sleeve gastrectomy
(AHR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.64-0.91) had decreased hazards. RYGB
was associated with a 2- to 3-fold higher hazard for
alcoholic hepatitis (AHR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.17-3.33), abuse
(AHR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.88-2.24), and poisoning (3.14, 95% CI:
1.80-5.49).<h4>Conclusions</h4>RYGB was associated with
higher hazards of developing de novo alcohol-related
hepatitis, abuse, and poisoning compared with a control
group. Patients without a history of alcohol use disorder
should still be counseled on the increased risk of alcohol
use and alcohol-related complications, including
alcohol-related liver disease, following RYGB, and should be
monitored long term for the development of alcohol-related
complications.},
Doi = {10.1097/mcg.0000000000001506},
Key = {fds356469}
}
@article{fds359623,
Author = {Kochar, B and Jiang, Y and Chen, W and Bu, Y and Barnes, EL and Long,
MD},
Title = {Home Infusions for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are Safe: US
Experience and Patient Perspectives.},
Journal = {Crohn'S & Colitis 360},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {otab063},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/crocol/otab063},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Home infusions (HIs) for biologic
medications are an option for inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD) patients in the United States. We aimed to describe
the population receiving HIs and report patient experience
with HIs.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a retrospective cohort
study in the Quintiles-IMSLegacy PharMetrics Adjudicated
Claims Database from 2010 to 2016 to describe the population
receiving infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) HIs and
determine predictors for an urgent/emergent visit post-HIs.
We then administered a cross-sectional survey to IBD
Partners Internet-based cohort participants to assess
knowledge and experience with infusions.<h4>Results</h4>We
identified claims for 11 892 conventional IFX patients, 1573
home IFX patients, 438 conventional VDZ patients, and 138
home VDZ patients. There were no differences in demographics
or median charges with IFX home and conventional infusions.
Home VDZ infusions had a greater median charge than
conventional VDZ infusion. Less than 4% of patients had an
urgent/emergent visit post-HIs. Charlson comorbidity index >
0 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.01-3.77) and Medicaid (OR: 3.01; 95% CI, 1.53-5.94)
conferred significantly higher odds of urgent/emergent visit
post-HIs. In IBD Partners, 644 IBD patients responded; 56
received HIs. The majority chose HIs to save time and
preferred HIs to conventional infusions. Only 2 patients
reported an urgent/emergent visit for HI-related
problems.<h4>Conclusions</h4>HI appears to be safe in IBD
patients receiving IFX and VDZ. However, patients with fewer
resources and more comorbidities are at increased risk for
an urgent/emergent visit post-HIs. The overall patient
experience with HI is positive. Expansion of HIs may result
in decreased therapy-related logistic burden for carefully
selected patients.},
Doi = {10.1093/crocol/otab063},
Key = {fds359623}
}
@article{fds358026,
Author = {Kochar, B and Jiang, Y and Long, MD},
Title = {Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Are at Higher Risk
for Meningitis.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {350-354},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcg.0000000000001365},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The epidemiology of meningitis is unknown
in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.<h4>Goals</h4>We
aimed to determine the incidence of and risk factors for
meningitis in IBD patients.<h4>Study</h4>We conducted a
retrospective cohort and nested case-control study in the
Quintiles IMS Legacy PharMetrics Adjudicated Claims Database
from January 2001 to June 2016. We matched IBD patients to
those without IBD on age, sex, enrollment, and region.
Meningitis was defined as one code for meningitis associated
with an emergency department visit or hospitalization.
Meningitis risk was calculated with incidence rate ratios.
In a nested case-control study of IBD patients, predictors
for meningitis were determined with multivariable
conditional logistic regression models.<h4>Results</h4>We
identified 50,029 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and
59,830 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) matched to
296,801 non-IBD comparators. There were 85 CD patients, 77
UC patients, and 235 comparators with meningitis. CD
patients had 2.17 times the rate of meningitis and UC
patients had 1.63 times the rate of meningitis as non-IBD
comparators. After adjusting for relevant covariates among
those with IBD, treatment with mesalamine was associated
with a significantly lower odds of a meningitis claim (odds
ratio: 0.40, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.62). Having at
least one comorbidity was associated with a significantly
higher odds of a meningitis claim (odds ratio: 2.21, 95%
confidence interval: 1.76-2.77).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Although
the overall rate of meningitis is low, IBD patients are at
an increased risk compared with non-IBD comparators.
Comorbidities are a risk factor for meningitis in IBD
patients. Pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccinations should
be discussed.},
Doi = {10.1097/mcg.0000000000001365},
Key = {fds358026}
}
@article{fds353005,
Author = {Barnes, EL and Jiang, Y and Kappelman, MD and Long, MD and Sandler, RS and Kinlaw, AC and Herfarth, HH},
Title = {Decreasing Colectomy Rate for Ulcerative Colitis in the
United States Between 2007 and 2016: A Time Trend
Analysis.},
Journal = {Inflammatory Bowel Diseases},
Volume = {26},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1225-1231},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izz247},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Improved treatment approaches for
ulcerative colitis (UC), including novel medications, might
reduce the need for colectomy. We performed a retrospective
cohort study of adult patients (age 18-64) with UC in the
United States to examine time trends for colectomy and
biologic use from 2007 to 2016.<h4>Methods</h4>We estimated
quarterly rates for colectomy and biologic use using the
IQVIA Legacy PharMetrics Adjudicated Claims Database. We
used interrupted time series methods with segmented
regression to assess time trends with 95% confidence
intervals (CIs) for biologic use and colectomy before and
after the emergence of newly available biologic therapies in
2014.<h4>Results</h4>Among 93,930 patients with UC, 2275
(2.4%) underwent colectomy from 2007 to 2016. Biologic use
rates increased significantly from 2007 to 2016, from 131
per 1000 person-years in 2007 (95% CI, 121 to 140) to 589
per 1000 person-years in 2016 (95% CI, 575 to 604; P <
0.001). Colectomy rates decreased significantly between 2007
and 2016, from 7.8 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 7.4 to
8.2) to 4.2 per 1000 person-years in 2016 (95% CI, 3.2 to
5.1; P < 0.001). An interruption in 2014 was associated with
a positive trend deflection for biologic use (+72 treatments
per 1000 person-years per year (95% CI, 61 to 83) and a
negative trend deflection for colectomy (-0.76 per 1000
person-years per year; 95% CI, -1.47 to -0.05).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among
commercially insured patients in the United States from 2007
to 2016, biologic use rates increased, colectomy rates
decreased, and both trends were impacted by the interruption
in 2014. These findings suggest that new biologic therapies
may have contributed to decreased colectomy
rates.},
Doi = {10.1093/ibd/izz247},
Key = {fds353005}
}
@article{fds350971,
Author = {Moon, AM and Jiang, Y and Rogal, SS and Tapper, EB and Lieber, SR and Barritt, AS},
Title = {Letter: are opioid prescriptions associated with hepatic
encephalopathy in patients with compensated cirrhosis?
Authors' reply.},
Journal = {Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {7},
Pages = {743-744},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.15669},
Doi = {10.1111/apt.15669},
Key = {fds350971}
}
@article{fds350972,
Author = {Moon, AM and Jiang, Y and Rogal, SS and Tapper, EB and Lieber, SR and Barritt, AS},
Title = {Opioid prescriptions are associated with hepatic
encephalopathy in a national cohort of patients with
compensated cirrhosis.},
Journal = {Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {652-660},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.15639},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Opioids are often prescribed for pain in
cirrhosis and may increase the risk of hepatic
encephalopathy (HE).<h4>Aim</h4>To assess the association
between opioids and HE in patients with well-compensated
cirrhosis.<h4>Methods</h4>We used the IQVIA PharMetrics
(Durham, NC) database to identify patients aged 18-64 years
with cirrhosis. We excluded patients with any decompensation
event from 1 year before cirrhosis diagnosis to 6 months
after cirrhosis diagnosis. Over the 6 months after
cirrhosis diagnosis, we determined the duration of
continuous opioid use and classified use into short term
(1-89 days) and chronic (90-180 days). We assessed whether
patients developed HE over the subsequent year (ie
6-18 months after cirrhosis diagnosis). We used a landmark
analysis and performed multivariable Cox proportional
hazards regression to assess associations between opioid use
and HE, adjusting for relevant confounders.<h4>Results</h4>The
cohort included 6451 patients with compensated cirrhosis, of
whom 23.3% and 4.7% had short-term and chronic opioid
prescriptions respectively. Over the subsequent year, HE
occurred in 6.3% patients with chronic opioid prescriptions,
5.0% with short-term opioid prescriptions and 3.3% with no
opioid prescriptions. In the multivariable model, an
increased risk of HE was observed with short-term (adjusted
hazard ratio, HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.07-1.94) and chronic opioid
prescriptions (adjusted HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.07-3.12) compared
to no opioid prescriptions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In this
national cohort of privately insured patients with
cirrhosis, opioid prescriptions were associated with the
risk of incident HE. Opioid use should be minimised in those
with cirrhosis and, when required, limited to short
duration.},
Doi = {10.1111/apt.15639},
Key = {fds350972}
}
@article{fds350973,
Author = {Moon, AM and Jiang, Y and Rogal, SS and Becker, J and Barritt,
AS},
Title = {In inpatients with cirrhosis opioid use is common and
associated with length of stay and persistent use
post-discharge.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e0229497},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229497},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that opioids
are often prescribed and associated with complications in
outpatients with cirrhosis. Less is known about opioids
among hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. We aimed to
describe the patterns and complications of opioid use among
inpatients with cirrhosis. METHODS:This retrospective cohort
study included adult patients with cirrhosis admitted to a
single hospital system from 4/4/2014 to 9/30/2015. We
excluded hospitalizations with a surgery, invasive
procedure, or palliative care/hospice consult in order to
understand opioid use that may be avoidable. We determined
the frequency, dosage, and type of opioids given during
hospitalization. Using bivariable and multivariable
analyses, we assessed length of stay, intensive care unit
transfer, and in-hospital mortality by opioid use.
RESULTS:Of 217 inpatients with cirrhosis, 118 (54.4%)
received opioids during hospitalization, including 41.7% of
patients without prior outpatient opioid prescriptions.
Benzodiazepines or hypnotic sleep aids were given to 28.8%
of opioid recipients. In the multivariable model, younger
age and outpatient opioid prescription were associated with
inpatient opioids. Hospitalization was longer among opioid
recipients (median 3.9 vs 3.0 days, p = 0.002) and this
difference remained after adjusting for age, cirrhosis
severity, and medical comorbidities. There was no difference
in intensive care unit transfers and no deaths occurred. At
discharge, 22 patients were newly started on opioids of whom
10 (45.5%) had opioid prescriptions at 90 days
post-discharge. CONCLUSION:In non-surgical inpatients with
cirrhosis, opioid prescribing was common and associated with
prolonged length of stay. A high proportion of patients
newly discharged with opioid prescriptions had ongoing
prescriptions at 90 days post-discharge.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0229497},
Key = {fds350973}
}
@article{fds350974,
Author = {Kochar, B and Jiang, Y and Winn, A and Barnes, EL and Martin, CF and Long,
MD and Kappelman, MD},
Title = {The Early Experience With Vedolizumab in the United
States.},
Journal = {Crohn'S & Colitis 360},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {otz027},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/crocol/otz027},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Post-marketing studies of new
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapies are needed to
establish clinical effectiveness and safety in clinical
practice. We aimed to describe the U.S. experience with
vedolizumab in a commercially insured population.<h4>Methods</h4>We
conducted a retrospective cohort study in Quintiles-IMS
Legacy PharMetrics Adjudicated Claims Database from May 2014
to June 2016. We included new vedolizumab users with Crohn
disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) between 18 and 64
years with ≥12 months of continuous enrollment prior to
initiating vedolizumab. Outcomes included treatment
persistence >14 weeks, late steroid use, IBD-related surgery
and infections associated with hospitalization. We built
multivariable regression models to identify predictors of
treatment persistence and late steroid use.<h4>Results</h4>We
identified 269 CD and 187 UC vedolizumab initiators. Only
60% of CD patients and 56% of UC patients remained on
vedolizumab after 14 weeks without IBD-related
hospitalization, surgery, and corticosteroid use. There were
no significant predictors of treatment persistence. Steroid
use in the first 2 months of vedolizumab initiation was a
significant predictor of late steroid use in CD (odds ratio:
23.34; 95% confidence interval: 5.10-153.89). In the 6
months after vedolizumab initiation, 1.9% of CD and 5.9% of
UC patients had an IBD-related surgery. Serious infections
were <4%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>These data reflect the early
U.S. experience with vedolizumab. The population-level
response to vedolizumab therapy is just >50%. Steroids at
the time of vedolizumab initiation is the strongest
predictor of late steroid use in CD. Rates of surgery and
serious infections are low.},
Doi = {10.1093/crocol/otz027},
Key = {fds350974}
}
@article{fds350975,
Author = {Barritt, AS and Jiang, Y and Schmidt, M and Hayashi, PH and Bataller,
R},
Title = {Charges for Alcoholic Cirrhosis Exceed All Other Etiologies
of Cirrhosis Combined: A National and State Inpatient Survey
Analysis.},
Journal = {Digestive Diseases and Sciences},
Volume = {64},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1460-1469},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-019-5471-7},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Inpatient charges for patients with
cirrhosis are substantial. We aimed to examine trends in
inpatient charges among patients with cirrhosis to determine
the drivers of healthcare expenditures. We hypothesized that
alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) was a significant contributor to
overall expense.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a retrospective
analysis of the Health Care Utilization Project Nationwide
Inpatient Sample Database 2002-2014 (annual cross-sectional
data) and New York and Florida State Inpatient Databases
2010-2012 (longitudinal data). Adult patients with cirrhosis
of the liver were categorized as AC versus all other
etiologies of cirrhosis combined. Patient characteristics
were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression
modeling. A random effects model was used to evaluate 30-day
readmissions.<h4>Results</h4>In total, 1,240,152 patients
with cirrhosis were admitted between 2002 and 2014. Of
these, 567,510 (45.8%) had a diagnosis of AC. Total charges
for AC increased by 95.7% over the time period, accounting
for 59.9% of all inpatient cirrhosis-related charges in
2014. Total aggregate charges for AC admissions were $28
billion and increased from $1.4B in 2002 to $2.8B by 2014.
In the NIS and SID, patients with AC were younger, white and
male. Readmission rates at 30, 60, and 90 days were all
higher among AC patients.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Inpatient
charges for cirrhosis care are high and increasing.
Alcohol-related liver disease accounts for more than half of
these charges and is driven by sheer volume of admissions
and readmissions of the same patients. Effective alcohol
addictions therapy may be the most cost-effective way to
substantially reduce inpatient cirrhosis care
expenditures.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10620-019-5471-7},
Key = {fds350975}
}
@article{fds350976,
Author = {Lieber, SR and Lee, R-A and Jiang, Y and Reuter, C and Watkins, R and Szempruch, K and Gerber, DA and Desai, CS and DeCherney, GS and Barritt,
AS},
Title = {The impact of post-transplant diabetes mellitus on liver
transplant outcomes.},
Journal = {Clinical Transplantation},
Volume = {33},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e13554},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ctr.13554},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM)
is common after liver transplantation (LT). Yet, how PTDM
relates to graft outcomes and survival needs elucidation as
more individuals are transplanted for nonalcoholic fatty
liver disease (NAFLD).<h4>Methods</h4>This single-center,
retrospective study of adult LT recipients (2003-2016)
identified PTDM incidence and associations with graft
steatosis, rejection, and post-LT patient survival.
Multivariable analysis investigated predictors of PTDM.
Kaplan-Meier curves depicted patient survival 5 years
post-LT.<h4>Results</h4>Among 415 adult LT recipients, 23%
had pre-LT DM and 13% were transplanted for NAFLD. PTDM
incidence was 34.7%, 46.9%, and 56.2% and overall survival
was 90%, 80.9%, and 71.7% at 1, 3, and 5 years,
respectively. Over a third of non-NAFLD patients developed
PTDM. Half of PTDM cases developed by 6 months and 75% by
12 months. The PTDM group had more rejection episodes
compared to no PTDM (31.9% vs 21.8%, P = 0.055), with
trends toward worse patient survival 5 years post-LT
(log-rank test P = 0.254). Age was the only significant
predictor of PTDM.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Post-transplant
diabetes mellitus occurs rapidly in the post-LT period and
is a significant problem for both NAFLD and non-NAFLD LT
recipients. Age is a significant risk factor for PTDM.
Outcomes trended toward increased rejection and worse
survival among PTDM individuals, suggesting the benefit of
early strategies targeting glucose control.},
Doi = {10.1111/ctr.13554},
Key = {fds350976}
}
@article{fds366479,
Author = {Jiang, Y and Weinberg, CR and Sandler, DP and Zhao,
S},
Title = {Use of detailed family history data to improve risk
prediction,with application to breast cancer
screening.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {14},
Number = {12},
Pages = {e0226407},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226407},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>As breast cancer represents a major
morbidity and mortality burden in the U.S., with about one
in eight women developing invasive breast cancer over her
lifetime, accurate low-cost screening is an important public
health issue. First-degree family history, often simplified
as a dichotomous or three-level categorical variable
(0/1/>1) based on number of affected relatives, is an
important risk factor for many conditions. However, detailed
family structure information such as the total number of
first-degree relatives, and for each, their current or death
age, and age at diagnosis are also important for risk
prediction.<h4>Methods</h4>We develop a family history score
under a Bayesian framework, based on first-degree family
structure. We tested performance of the proposed score using
data from a large prospective cohort study of women with a
first-degree breast cancer family history. We used
likelihood ratio tests to evaluate whether the proposed
score added additional information to a Cox model with known
breast cancer risk factors and the three-level family
history variable. We also compared prediction performance
through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and
goodness-of-fit testing.<h4>Results</h4>Our proposed
Bayesian family history score improved fit compared to the
commonly used three-level family history score, both without
and with adjustment for other risk factors (likelihood ratio
tests p = 0.003 without adjustment for other risk factors,
and p = 0.007 and 0.009 under adjustment with two candidate
sets of risk factors). AUCs of ROC curves for the two models
were similar, though in all cases were higher after addition
of the BFHS.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Capturing detailed family
history data through the proposed family history score can
improve risk assessment and prediction. Such approaches
could enable better-targeted personalized screening
schedules and prevention strategies.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0226407},
Key = {fds366479}
}
@article{fds350977,
Author = {Jiang, Y and Fine, JP and Mottl, AK},
Title = {Competing Risk of Death With End-Stage Renal Disease in
Diabetic Kidney Disease.},
Journal = {Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-140},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2018.01.008},
Abstract = {The concept of competing risks is particularly relevant to
survival analyses of diabetic ESRD given the high likelihood
of death prior to ESRD. Approaches such as Kaplan-Meier
curves and Cox regression models operate on the assumption
that there are no competing risks for the event of interest,
yielding uninterpretable and generally biased estimates in
the presence of competing risks. The cumulative incidence
function and Fine-Gray regression are more appropriate
methodologies for survival analysis when competing risks are
present. We present an example taken from the Action to
Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes, a randomized trial
of people with type 2 diabetes at high risk for
cardiovascular disease. Participants were stratified
according to baseline markers of kidney disease: (1) no
kidney disease; (2) low estimated glomerular filtration
rate; (3) microalbuminuria alone; and (4) macroalbuminuria.
The macroalbuminuria group had the highest risk for ESRD and
demonstrated the most marked difference between the
Kaplan-Meier and cumulative incidence estimator. Cox and
Fine-Gray regression models yielded similar risk estimates
for baseline characteristics, with the exception of diabetes
duration, which was significant in the Cox but not Fine-Gray
model. We underscore the importance of competing risk
methods, particularly when the competing risk is common, as
is the case in diabetic kidney disease.},
Doi = {10.1053/j.ackd.2018.01.008},
Key = {fds350977}
}
@article{fds350978,
Author = {Cote, MP and Chen, A and Jiang, Y and Cheng, V and Lieberman,
JR},
Title = {Persistent Pulmonary Embolism Rates Following Total Knee
Arthroplasty Even With Prophylactic Anticoagulants.},
Journal = {The Journal of Arthroplasty},
Volume = {32},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3833-3839},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2017.06.041},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), a
significant and life-threatening complication following
total knee arthroplasty (TKA), has been described as a
"never event." Despite a number of advancements in care, PE
continues to occur following TKA. This study evaluates
symptomatic PE rates over time in TKA patients enrolled in
multicenter randomized clinical trials assessing the
efficacy of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis
regimens.<h4>Methods</h4>The MEDLINE and Cochrane Central
Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify
clinical trials assessing prophylactic anticoagulation in
patients undergoing TKA between January 1995 and December
2016. A random effect model was used to combine PE rates
across studies. The pooled proportion of symptomatic PEs was
calculated and heterogeneity was quantified with the
I<sup>2</sup> statistic. A 95% prediction interval was
constructed to examine what the expected range in the
proportion of symptomatic PEs would be in future studies.
Meta-regression was used to explore the effect of time on
the rate of symptomatic PEs.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 18
studies representing 27,073 patients were included in the
meta-analysis. The symptomatic PE rate was 0.37% (95%
confidence interval, 0.24%-0.52%). There was significant
heterogeneity across studies, I<sup>2</sup> = 66%. Between
1996 and 2010, the proportion of PEs did not change in the
regression analysis. The 95% prediction interval was 0.0002
to 0.0106, indicating that in similar future studies, the
true proportion of symptomatic PEs would range from 0.02% to
1.06%.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Over a 14-year period, the
symptomatic PE rate after TKA was relatively constant even
when patients received potent anticoagulation. These results
suggest that some patients may have a genetic predisposition
to develop a PE and more effective risk stratification
protocols need to be developed to make sure patients receive
appropriate anticoagulation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.arth.2017.06.041},
Key = {fds350978}
}
@article{fds350979,
Author = {Cheng, V and Inaba, K and Johnson, M and Byerly, S and Jiang, Y and Matsushima, K and Haltmeier, T and Benjamin, E and Lam, L and Demetriades, D},
Title = {The impact of pre-injury controlled substance use on
clinical outcomes after trauma.},
Journal = {The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery},
Volume = {81},
Number = {5},
Pages = {913-920},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ta.0000000000001229},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>A disproportionately high percentage of
trauma patients use controlled substances, and they often
co-ingest multiple drugs. Previous studies have evaluated
the effect of individual drugs on clinical outcomes after
trauma. However, the impact of all drugs included in a
comprehensive screening panel has not yet been compared in a
single cohort of patients.<h4>Methods</h4>All trauma
patients who underwent urine drug screens after admission to
the LAC + USC Medical Center (January 2008-June 2015) were
identified retrospectively. Univariable and multivariable
regression analyses determined the significance of all drugs
tested in the hospital's standard toxicology screen
(amphetamine, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cocaine, opiate,
phencyclidine) on clinical outcomes.<h4>Results</h4>A total
of 10,166 patients who underwent admission toxicology
screening were identified. Although 5,621 patients had
completely negative screens, 3,292 patients tested positive
for only one drug and 1,253 patients tested for multiple
drugs. Univariable analysis indicated that patients who
tested positive for multiple drugs had higher rates of
operative intervention (p < 0.001), longer hospital stay (p
< 0.001), and longer ICU stays (p < 0.001). Multivariable
analysis indicated that phencyclidine was associated with
higher rates of mortality (p = 0.025) whereas amphetamine
was associated with lower rates of mortality (p = 0.012).
Higher rates of operative intervention were observed in
patients testing positive for amphetamine (p < 0.001),
benzodiazepine (p < 0.001), or opiate (p < 0.001).
Benzodiazepine use was associated with higher rates of
mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), but use of amphetamines
(p = 0.021) or opiates (p < 0.001) was associated with lower
rates.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Pre-injury use of amphetamine,
barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cocaine, opiate, and PCP has a
significant and variable impact on clinical outcomes after
trauma. Comparing the relative effect of each drug class can
help clinicians risk-stratify all trauma patients, including
those who test positive for multiple substances.<h4>Level of
evidence</h4>Epidemiologic study, level III.},
Doi = {10.1097/ta.0000000000001229},
Key = {fds350979}
}
%% Jung, Jinhan
@article{fds42336,
Title = {Collusion and Enforcement with Multiple Agents},
Year = {2005},
Abstract = {The second paper studies optimal contracts within the
one-principal-and-multiple- agents framework in which
enforcement of collusion between agents is not guaranteed.
When contracting with multiple agents, a principal suffers
from the collusion that agents manipulate collective reports
to the principal. However, such coalition is not often
enforceable since either agent has incentive to renege the
side-contract (or collusion). Under dynamic circumstances,
we examine how such imperfect enforcement affects the
optimal collusion-proof grand contract between principal and
agents. We find that the optimal contract under imperfect
enforcement brings more benefits to the principal by making
outputs less distorted from the second-best ones than those
under perfect enforcement. Moreover, when agents’ types
are positively correlated, the imperfect enforcement allows
the principal to screen types under certain conditions when
perfect enforcement may cause partial-pooling between types.
We also find that positive correlation brings dynamic
benefits to the principal under some condition.},
Key = {fds42336}
}
@article{fds42337,
Title = {Protection for Sale and Enforcement},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~jj3/lobby.pdf},
Key = {fds42337}
}
%% Jurado, Kyle
@article{fds369331,
Author = {Jurado, K},
Title = {Rational inattention in the frequency domain},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {208},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2022.105604},
Abstract = {This paper solves a dynamic rational inattention problem by
formulating it in the frequency domain. The main result is a
rational inattention version of the classical
Wiener-Kolmogorov filter. This filter permits an
infinite-dimensional state vector, provides a new line of
attack for obtaining closed-form solutions, and can be
implemented numerically using a simple iterative algorithm.
The frequency-domain approach also sheds new light on why
rational inattention produces forward-looking behavior:
inattentive agents are willing to accept more uncertainty
about the timing of disturbances in exchange for less
uncertainty about fluctuations at the most important
frequencies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2022.105604},
Key = {fds369331}
}
@article{fds368507,
Author = {Chahrour, R and Jurado, K},
Title = {Recoverability and Expectations-Driven Fluctuations},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {89},
Number = {1},
Pages = {214-239},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdab010},
Abstract = {Time series methods for identifying structural economic
disturbances often require disturbances to satisfy technical
conditions that can be inconsistent with economic theory. We
propose replacing these conditions with a less restrictive
condition called recoverability, which only requires that
the disturbances can be inferred from the observable
variables. As an application, we show how shifting attention
to recoverability makes it possible to construct new
identifying restrictions for technological and expectational
disturbances. In a vector autoregressive example using
post-war U.S. data, these restrictions imply that
independent disturbances to expectations about future
technology are a major driver of business
cycles.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdab010},
Key = {fds368507}
}
@article{fds353867,
Author = {Chahrour, R and Jurado, K},
Title = {Optimal foresight},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {118},
Pages = {245-259},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.11.001},
Abstract = {Agents have foresight when they receive information about a
random process above and beyond the information contained in
its current and past history. In this paper, we propose an
information-theoretic measure of the quantity of foresight
in an information structure, and show how to separate
informational assumptions about foresight from physical
assumptions about the dynamics of the processes itself. We
then develop a theory of endogenous foresight in which the
type of foresight is chosen optimally by economic agents. In
a prototypical dynamic model of consumption and saving, we
derive a closed-form solution to the optimal foresight
problem.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.11.001},
Key = {fds353867}
}
@article{fds320593,
Author = {Chahrour, R and Jurado, KE},
Title = {News or Noise? The Missing Link},
Number = {228},
Pages = {50 pages},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170792},
Abstract = {The macroeconomic literature on belief-driven business
cycles treats news and noise as distinct representations of
people’s beliefs about economic fundamentals. We prove
that these two representations are actually observationally
equivalent. This means that the decision to use one
representation or the other must be made on theoretical, and
not empirical, grounds. Our result allows us to determine
the importance of beliefs as an independent source of
fluctuations. Using three prominent models from this
literature, we show that existing research has understated
the importance of independent shocks to beliefs. This is
because representations with anticipated and unanticipated
shocks mix the fluctuations due independently to beliefs
with the fluctuations due to fundamentals. We also argue
that the observational equivalence of news and noise
representations implies that structural vector
auto-regression analysis is equally appropriate for
recovering both news and noise shocks.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20170792},
Key = {fds320593}
}
@article{fds302430,
Author = {Jurado, K and Ludvigson, SC and Ng, S},
Title = {Measuring uncertainty},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1177-1216},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20131193},
Abstract = {This paper exploits a data rich environment to provide
direct econometric estimates of time-varying macroeconomic
uncertainty. Our estimates display significant independent
variations from popular uncertainty proxies, suggesting that
much of the variation in the proxies is not driven by
uncertainty. Quantitatively important uncertainty episodes
appear far more infrequently than indicated by popular
uncertainty proxies, but when they do occur, they are
larger, more persistent, and are more correlated with real
activity. Our estimates provide a benchmark to evaluate
theories for which uncertainty shocks play a role in
business cycles.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20131193},
Key = {fds302430}
}
%% Kastrati, Albulene
@article{fds350708,
Author = {Kastrati, A and Adnett, N and Toçi, V},
Title = {The relationship between the output gapand excess liquidity:
Evidence from Czech Republic,Estonia and
Kosovo},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {95-118},
Publisher = {University of Economics in Katowice},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.22367/jem.2018.31.05},
Doi = {10.22367/jem.2018.31.05},
Key = {fds350708}
}
%% Kehrig, Matthias
@article{fds345020,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {The micro-level anatomy of the labor share
decline},
Pages = {1031-1087},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjab002},
Abstract = {The labor share in U.S. manufacturing declined from 61% in
1967 to 41% in 2012. The labor share of the typical U.S.
manufacturing establishment, in contrast, rose by over 3
percentage points during the same period. Using micro-level
data, we document five salient facts: (i) since the 1980s,
there has been a dramatic reallocation of value added toward
the lower end of the labor share distribution; (ii) this
aggregate reallocation is not due to entry/exit, to
"superstars"growing faster, or to large establishments
lowering their labor shares, but is instead due to units
whose labor share fell as they grew in size; (iii) low labor
share (LL) establishments benefit from high revenue labor
productivity, not low wages; (iv) they also enjoy a product
price premium relative to their peers; and (v) they have
only temporarily lower labor shares that rebound after five
to eight years. This transient pattern has become more
pronounced over time, and the dynamics of value added and
employment are increasingly disconnected. Taken together, we
interpret these facts as pointing to a significant role for
demand-side forces.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjab002},
Key = {fds345020}
}
@article{fds345018,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Good Dispersion, Bad Dispersion},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds345018}
}
@article{fds345019,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Good Dispersion, Bad Dispersion},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds345019}
}
@article{fds345021,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {The Micro-Level Anatomy of the Labor Share
Decline},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds345021}
}
@article{fds324108,
Author = {Ilut, C and Kehrig, M and Schneider, M},
Title = {Slow to hire, quick to fire: Employment dynamics with
asymmetric responses to news},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {126},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2011-2071},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/699189},
Abstract = {Concave hiring rules imply that firms respond more to bad
shocks than to good shocks. They provide a unified
explanation for several seemingly unrelated facts about
employment growth in macro-and microdata. In particular,
they generate countercyclical movement in both aggregate
conditional “macro” volatility and cross-sectional
“micro” volatility, as well as negative skewness in the
cross section and in the time series at different levels of
aggregation. Concave establishment-level responses of
employment growth to total factor productivity shocks
estimated from census data induce significant skewness,
movements in volatility, and amplification of bad aggregate
shocks.},
Doi = {10.1086/699189},
Key = {fds324108}
}
@article{fds335430,
Author = {Kehrig, M},
Title = {Comment on “Computerizing industries and routinizing jobs:
Explaining trends in aggregate productivity” by Sangmin
Aum, Sang Yoon (Tim) Lee and Yongseok Shin},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {22-28},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.05.004},
Abstract = {Aum et al. (2018) quantify the impact of production
complementarities and differential productivity growth
across occupations and sectors on the slowdown of aggregate
productivity growth. This note expands their work to study
substitutability between new computer equipment and labor in
individual occupations as opposed to all occupations
combined. Preliminary empirical evidence suggests (1)
significantly different elasticities of substitution between
computers and labor across occupations and (2) a strong
correlation between productivity growth of computers and
labor in occupations where these two inputs are
complementary. When they are substitutes, however, their
productivity growth rates appear uncorrelated. These
findings have the potential to amplify or weaken the
magnitude of the aggregate productivity slowdown explained
by Aum et al. (2018) making their approach a promising
avenue for future research.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.05.004},
Key = {fds335430}
}
@article{fds339821,
Author = {Donangelo, A and Gourio, F and Kehrig, M and Palacios,
M},
Title = {The Cross-Section of Labor Leverage and Equity
Returns},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds339821}
}
@article{fds327169,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Growing Productivity Without Growing Wages: The Micro-Level
Anatomy of the Aggregate Labor Share Decline},
Journal = {CESifo Working Paper Series},
Number = {6454},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds327169}
}
@article{fds327170,
Author = {Gao, W and Kehrig, M},
Title = {Returns to Scale, Productivity and Competition: Empirical
Evidence from U.S. Manufacturing and Construction
Establishments},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds327170}
}
@article{fds324544,
Author = {Ilut, CL and Kehrig, M and Schneider, M},
Title = {Slow to Hire, Quick to Fire: Employment Dynamics with
Asymmetric Responses to News},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds324544}
}
@article{fds327171,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Growing Productivity Without Growing Wages: The Micro-Level
Anatomy of the Aggregate Labor Share Decline},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {244},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds327171}
}
@article{fds327172,
Author = {Ilut, CL and Kehrig, M and Schneider, M},
Title = {Slow to Hire, Quick to Fire: Employment Dynamics with
Asymmetric Responses to News},
Journal = {CESifo Working Paper Series},
Number = {6414},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds327172}
}
@article{fds327173,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Lehmann-Ziebarth, N},
Title = {The Effect of the Real Oil Price on Regional Wage
Dispersion},
Journal = {CESifo Working Paper Series},
Number = {6408},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds327173}
}
@article{fds325833,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Do Firms Mitigate or Magnify Capital Misallocation? Evidence
from Plant-Level Data},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds325833}
}
@article{fds324542,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Ziebarth, NL},
Title = {The effects of the real oil price on regional wage
dispersion},
Pages = {115-148},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20150097},
Abstract = {We find that oil supply shocks decrease average real wages,
particularly skilled wages, and increase wage dispersion
across regions, particularly unskilled wage dispersion. In a
model with spatial energy intensity differences and
nontradables, labor demand shifts, while explaining the
response of average wages to oil supply shocks, have
counterfactual implications for the response of wage
dispersion. Only an additional response in labor supply can
explain this latter fact, highlighting the importance of
general equilibrium effects in a spatial context. We provide
additional empirical evidence of regionally directed worker
reallocation and housing prices consistent with our spatial
model. Finally, we show that a calibrated version of our
model can quantitatively match the estimated effects of oil
supply shocks.},
Doi = {10.1257/mac.20150097},
Key = {fds324542}
}
@article{fds324543,
Author = {Ilut, CL and Kehrig, M and Schneider, M},
Title = {Slow to Hire, Quick to Fire: Employment Dynamics with
Asymmetric Responses to News},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds324543}
}
@article{fds325834,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Donangelo, A and Gourio, F and Palacios,
M},
Title = {The Cross-Section of Labor Leverage and Equity
Returns},
Pages = {497-518},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.10.016},
Abstract = {Using a standard production model, we demonstrate
theoretically that, even if labor is fully flexible, it
generates a form of operating leverage if (a) wages are
smoother than productivity and (b) the capital-labor
elasticity of substitution is strictly less than one. Our
model supports using labor share -- the ratio of labor
expenses to value added -- as a proxy for labor leverage. We
show evidence for conditions (a) and (b), and we demonstrate
the economic significance of labor leverage: High
labor-share firms have operating profits that are more
sensitive to shocks, and they have higher expected asset
returns.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.10.016},
Key = {fds325834}
}
@article{fds325835,
Author = {Kehrig, M and Vincent, N},
Title = {Financial Frictions and Investment Dynamics in Multi-Plant
Firms},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Using confidential Census data on U.S. manufacturing plants,
we document that most of the dispersion in investment rates
across plants occurs within firms instead of across firms.
Between- firm dispersion is almost acyclical, but within-
firm dispersion is strongly procyclical. To investigate the
role of firms in the allocation of capital in the economy,
we build a multi-plant model of the firm with frictions at
both levels of aggregation. We show that external financing
constraints at the level of the firm can have important
implications for plant-level investment dynamics. Finally,
we present empirical evidence supporting the predictions of
the model.},
Key = {fds325835}
}
@article{fds324545,
Author = {Vincent, N and Kehrig, M},
Title = {Investment and Productivity Dynamics at the Plant and the
Firm Level},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {Using micro-level Census data, we document that investment
across plants within the same firm is more dispersed than
investment across firms. In an expansion, investment
patterns across plants within a firm become even more
dispersed while between-firm dispersion does not vary over
the business cycle. Contrary to the procyclical investment
dispersion, productivity dispersion across plants within a
firm is countercyclical which in the absence of frictions
would lead to a countercyclical investment dispersion.
Although firms tend to pick relatively productive plants for
large investment projects in booms, this
productivity-investment link vanishes in a recession. We use
these findings to explore the quantitative relevance of real
and financial frictions in a quantitative model of
multi-plant firms. Frictions internal to the firm seem to
govern the majority of investment dynamics compared to
frictions in external capital markets.},
Key = {fds324545}
}
@article{fds324546,
Author = {Kehrig, M},
Title = {The Cyclicality of Productivity Dispersion},
Year = {2011},
Abstract = {Using plant-level data, I show that the dispersion of total
factor productivity in U.S. durable manufacturing is greater
in recessions than in booms. This cyclical property of
productivity dispersion is much less pronounced in
non-durable manufacturing. In durables, this phenomenon
primarily reflects a relatively higher share of unproductive
firms in a recession. In order to interpret these findings,
I construct a business cycle model where production in
durables requires a fixed input. In a boom, when the market
price of this fixed input is high, only more productive
firms enter and only more productive incumbents survive,
which results in a more compressed productivity
distribution. The resulting higher average productivity in
durables endogenously translates into a lower average
relative price of durables. Additionally, my model is
consistent with the following business cycle facts:
procyclical entry, procyclical aggregate total factor
productivity, more procyclicality in durable than
non-durable output, procyclical employment and
countercyclicality in the relative price of durables and the
cross section of stock returns.},
Key = {fds324546}
}
%% Kelley, Allen C.
@misc{fds140156,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {Demography},
Booktitle = {The New Pelgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds140156}
}
@misc{fds140157,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {A Century of Demographic Change and Economics Growth: The
Asian Experience},
Booktitle = {Population Change, Labor Markets and Sustainable Growth:
Towards a New Economic Paradigm},
Publisher = {Elsevier Science},
Editor = {Andrew Mason and Mitoshi Yamaguchi},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds140157}
}
@misc{fds140158,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {Evolution of Recent Economic-Demographic Modeling: A
Synthesis},
Booktitle = {Population Change, Labor Markets and Sustainable Growth:
Towards a New Economic Paradigm},
Editor = {Andrew Mason and Mitoshi Yamaguchi},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds140158}
}
@article{fds21023,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {American Economic Review, Jounral of Economic History,
Economic Record, Economic Journal, Economic History Review,
International Economic Review},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds21023}
}
@book{fds20810,
Title = {Population Does Matter: Demography, Growth, and Poverty in
the Developing World},
Publisher = {New York: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Nancy Birdsall and Allen C. Kelley and Sinding},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds20810}
}
@misc{fds20812,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {"Economic and Demographic Change: A Synthesis of Models,
Findings, and Perspectives"},
Pages = {67-105},
Booktitle = {Population Matters: Demographic Change, Economic Growth, and
Proverty in the Developing World},
Publisher = {New York: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Nancy Birdsall and Allen C. Kelley and Steven
Sinding},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds20812}
}
@misc{fds20813,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Population and Economic Development"},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral
Sciences},
Publisher = {Oxford: Elsevier Science},
Editor = {Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds20813}
}
@misc{fds20814,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"The Population Debate in Historical Perspective:
Revisionism Revised"},
Pages = {24-54},
Booktitle = {Population Matters: Demographic Change, Economic Growth, and
Proverty in the Developing World},
Publisher = {New York: Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Nancy Birdsall and Allen C. Kelley and Steven
Sinding},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds20814}
}
@article{fds21020,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"The Impacts of Rapid Population Growth on Poverty, Food
Production, and the Environment"},
Journal = {World Population Monitoring, 1999: Population Growth,
Structure and Distribution},
Publisher = {New York: United Nations},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds21020}
}
@article{fds238307,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Schmidt, RM},
Title = {Saving, dependency and development},
Journal = {Journal of Population Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {365-386},
Year = {1996},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0933-1433},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996VR06600001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238307}
}
@book{fds20809,
Title = {The Impact of Population Growth on Well-being in Developing
Countries},
Pages = {360},
Publisher = {Berlin: Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {Allen C. Kelley and D.A. Ahlburg and K. Oppenheim
Mason},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds20809}
}
@misc{fds21012,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Population and Resources"},
Pages = {641},
Booktitle = {The Social Science Encyclopedia, Second Edition},
Publisher = {London: Routledge Ltd.},
Editor = {Adam Kuper and Jessica Kuper},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds21012}
}
@misc{fds21013,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"The Consequences of Population Growth on Human Resource
Development: The Case of Education"},
Pages = {67-137},
Booktitle = {The Impact of Population Growth on Well-being in Developing
Countries},
Publisher = {Berlin: Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {D. A. Ahlburg and A.C. Kelley and K. Oppenheim
Mason},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds21013}
}
@misc{fds21014,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {"Toward a Cure for the Myopia and Tunnel Vision of the
Population Debate: A Dose of Historical Perspective"},
Pages = {11-35},
Booktitle = {The Impact of Population Growth on Well-being in Developing
Countries},
Publisher = {Berlin: Springer-Verlag},
Editor = {Dennis A. Ahlburg and Allen C. Kelley and Karen
Oppenheim},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds21014}
}
@article{fds238308,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Schmidt, RM},
Title = {Aggregate population and economic growth correlations: the
role of the components of demographic change.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {543-555},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8925946},
Abstract = {The results of recent correlations showing a negative impact
of population growth on economic development in
cross-country data for the 1980s, versus "nonsignificant"
correlations widely found for the 1960s and 1970s, are
examined with contemporaneous and lagged components of
demographic change, convergence-type economic modeling, and
several statistical frameworks. The separate impacts of
births and deaths are found to be notable but offsetting in
the earlier periods. In contrast, the short-run costs
(benefits) of births (mortality reduction) increase
(decrease) significantly in the 1980s, and the favorable
labor-force impacts of past births are not fully
offsetting.},
Key = {fds238308}
}
@article{fds21016,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Revisionism Revisited: An Essay on the Population Debate in
Historical Perspective"},
Publisher = {Duke University Department of Economics Working Paper no.
95-45},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds21016}
}
@article{fds20951,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert Schmidt},
Title = {"Population and Income Change: Recent Evidence"},
Pages = {116},
Booktitle = {World Bank Discussion Papers 249},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds20951}
}
@misc{fds20950,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and William Paul McGreevey},
Title = {"Population and Development in Historical
Perspective"},
Series = {Overseas Development Council, U.S.-Third World Policy
Perspectives No. 19},
Pages = {107-126},
Booktitle = {Population and Development: Old Debates, New
Conclusions},
Publisher = {New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers},
Editor = {Robert Cassen},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds20950}
}
@misc{fds20948,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"The Population Factor in Economic development"},
Pages = {12-14},
Booktitle = {Population and Development},
Publisher = {The Australian Academy of Science and The Academy of the
Social Sciences in Australia},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds20948}
}
@misc{fds20949,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"La ville et l'espace africain: perspectives, problèmes
et politiques"},
Pages = {139-162},
Booktitle = {Politiques de développement et croissance
démographique rapide en Afrique},
Publisher = {Paris: Institut National d'Êtudes Démographiques,
Centre Français sue la Population et le
Développement},
Editor = {Juean-Claude Chasteland and Jacques Vérnon and Magali
Barbiéri},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds20949}
}
@article{fds238309,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Joseph J. Spengler (November 19 1902-January 2,
1991)"},
Journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical
Society},
Volume = {136},
Number = {1},
Pages = {143-147},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds238309}
}
@article{fds238310,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {THE HUMAN-DEVELOPMENT INDEX - HANDLE WITH
CARE},
Journal = {Population and Development Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {315-324},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0098-7921},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GE67000005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1973733},
Key = {fds238310}
}
@article{fds238312,
Author = {Siegfried, ACKWJ and al, E},
Title = {"The B- Economics Major: Can and Should We Do
Better?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {20-26},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238312}
}
@misc{fds20944,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and John Siegfried and et al.},
Title = {"The Economics Major in American Higher Education"},
Pages = {43-60},
Booktitle = {The Challenge of Connecting Learning: Reports from the
Fields},
Publisher = {Washington: Association of American Colleges},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds20944}
}
@article{fds238311,
Author = {SIEGFRIED, JJ and BARTLETT, RL and HANSEN, WL and KELLEY, AC and MCCLOSKEY, DN and TIETENBERG, TH},
Title = {THE STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMICS
MAJOR},
Journal = {The Journal of economic education},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {197-224},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GA12100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1183106},
Key = {fds238311}
}
@article{fds238313,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"DevDev: A Balanced, Moderate and Eclectic
Perspective"},
Journal = {International Family Planning Perspectives},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {143-145},
Year = {1990},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds238313}
}
@article{fds20942,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Charles E.Nobbe},
Title = {"Kenya at the Demographic Turning Point? Hypotheses and a
Proposed Research Agenda"},
Series = {World Bank Discussion Papers 107},
Pages = {97},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds20942}
}
@article{fds238314,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {THE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN SUFFERING INDEX - RECONSIDERATION OF
THE EVIDENCE},
Journal = {Population and Development Review},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {731-737},
Year = {1989},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0098-7921},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989DB54600005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1972597},
Key = {fds238314}
}
@article{fds238315,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Economic Consequences of Population Change in the Third
World"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {685-1728},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds238315}
}
@article{fds238318,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {POPULATION PRESSURES, SAVING, AND INVESTMENT IN THE
THIRD-WORLD - SOME PUZZLES},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-464},
Year = {1988},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988N289600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/451669},
Key = {fds238318}
}
@book{fds20808,
Title = {Population, Food and Rural Development},
Pages = {215},
Publisher = {Oxford: Clarendon Press},
Editor = {Allen C. Kelley and R.E. Lee and W.B. Arthur and G. Rodgers and T.N.
Srinivasan},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds20808}
}
@misc{fds20934,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {"The Demographic Transition and Population Policy in
Egypt"},
Pages = {69-110},
Booktitle = {Research in Population Economics},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {T. Paul Schultz},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds20934}
}
@article{fds238316,
Author = {Schmidt, ACKWRM},
Title = {"Modeling Family Size Decisions in Developing Countries:
Some Econometric Issues"},
Journal = {Research in Population Economics},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds238316}
}
@article{fds238317,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Australia: The Coming of Age"},
Journal = {Australian Economic Review},
Pages = {27-44},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds238317}
}
@article{fds238319,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {THE POPULATION EXPLOSION - A BOMB, OR A DUD},
Journal = {Phytopathology},
Volume = {77},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-33},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0031-949X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987G108100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238319}
}
@misc{fds20933,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {"What Drives City Growth in the Developing
World?"},
Pages = {32-46},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Urbanization and Urban Policies in
Developing Countries},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Editor = {George S. Tolley and Vinod Thomas},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds20933}
}
@article{fds238306,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Review of National Research Council, "Population Growth and
Economic Development: Policy Questions"},
Journal = {Population and Development Review},
Pages = {563-568},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds238306}
}
@article{fds238320,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"The Birth Dearth: The Economic Consequences"},
Journal = {Public Opinion},
Pages = {14-17, 53},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds238320}
}
@article{fds21018,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Commentary," in Are World Population Trends a
Problem"},
Pages = {27-29},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute},
Editor = {Ben Wattenberg and Karl Zinsmeister},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds21018}
}
@article{fds20925,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"the Population Debate: A Status Report and Revisionist
Interpretation"},
Number = {7},
Pages = {12-23},
Booktitle = {Population Trends and Public Policy},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: Popualtion Reference Bureau},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds20925}
}
@article{fds238321,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT - CONTROVERSY AND
RECONCILIATION},
Journal = {The Journal of economic education},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {177-188},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985ATR0200002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1182587},
Key = {fds238321}
}
@book{fds20806,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {What Drives Third World City Growth? A Dynamic General
Equilibrium Approach},
Pages = {273},
Publisher = {Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds20806}
}
@article{fds238322,
Author = {KELLEY, AC and WILLIAMSON, JG},
Title = {POPULATION-GROWTH, INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS, AND THE URBAN
TRANSITION},
Journal = {Population and Development Review},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {419-441},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0098-7921},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TM46300002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1973513},
Key = {fds238322}
}
@article{fds238323,
Author = {BACH, GL and KELLEY, AC},
Title = {IMPROVING THE TEACHING OF ECONOMICS - ACHIEVEMENTS AND
ASPIRATIONS},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {74},
Number = {2},
Pages = {12-18},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984SQ68400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238323}
}
@book{fds20805,
Title = {Modeling Growing Economies in Equilibrium and
Disequilibrium},
Pages = {365},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University Press},
Editor = {Allen C. Kelley and Warren C. Sanderson and J. G.
Williamson},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds20805}
}
@misc{fds20902,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {"A Computable General Equilibrium Model of Third World
Urbanization and City Growth: Preliminary Comparative
Statics"},
Pages = {3-56},
Booktitle = {Modeling Growing Economies in Equilibrium and
Disequilibrium},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University Press},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds20902}
}
@article{fds238324,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {THE NEWSPAPER CAN BE AN EFFECTIVE TEACHING
TOOL},
Journal = {The Journal of economic education},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {56-58},
Year = {1983},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983SF78900006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1182528},
Key = {fds238324}
}
@book{fds20804,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and A. M. Khalifa and N. M.
El-Khorazaty},
Title = {Population and Development in Rural Egypt},
Pages = {277},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University Press},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds20804}
}
@article{fds238325,
Author = {KELLEY, AC and WILLIAMSON, JG},
Title = {THE LIMITS TO URBAN-GROWTH - SUGGESTIONS FOR MACRO-MODELING
THIRD-WORLD ECONOMIES},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {595-623},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1982NN14400006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/452577},
Key = {fds238325}
}
@article{fds238326,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS ON DEMAND PATTERNS IN THE LOW-INCOME
SETTING},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Year = {1981},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981MN63400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/452536},
Key = {fds238326}
}
@book{fds20803,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {Modeling Urbanization and Economic Growth},
Pages = {84},
Publisher = {Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied
Systems Analysis},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds20803}
}
@misc{fds20895,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Interactions of Economic and Demographic Household
Behavior"},
Pages = {403-470},
Booktitle = {Population and Economic Change in Less Developed
Countries},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press for the National Bureau
of Economic Research},
Editor = {Richard A. Easterlin},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds20895}
}
@misc{fds20897,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {"Dualism, Demography and Development"},
Series = {Population Development Studies, No. 6},
Pages = {105-109},
Booktitle = {Population and Development},
Publisher = {UNFDA, United Nations},
Editor = {David E. Horlacher},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds20897}
}
@article{fds238327,
Author = {KELLEY, AC and DASILVA, LM},
Title = {THE CHOICE OF FAMILY-SIZE AND THE COMPATIBILITY OF FEMALE
WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION IN THE LOW-INCOME
SETTING},
Journal = {Revue Economique},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1081-1104},
Year = {1980},
ISSN = {0035-2764},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980KY39300003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238327}
}
@misc{fds20892,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Caroline Swartz},
Title = {"The Impact of Family Structure on Household Decision Making
in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Urban
Kenya"},
Pages = {122-137},
Booktitle = {Economic and Demographic Change: Issues for the
1980s},
Publisher = {Liege, Belgium: Ordina Editions},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds20892}
}
@article{fds238328,
Author = {KELLEY, AC and SCHMIDT, RM},
Title = {MODELING THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICY IN POST-WAR
AUSTRALIAN IMMIGRATION},
Journal = {The Economic Record},
Volume = {55},
Number = {149},
Pages = {127-135},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {0013-0249},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1979HJ90100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-4932.1979.tb02212.x},
Key = {fds238328}
}
@article{fds238329,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Teaching Principles of Economics: The Joint Council
Experimental Economics Course Project"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {105-109},
Year = {1977},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238329}
}
@article{fds20869,
Title = {Economics of the Family: Marriage, Children and Human
Capital},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {516-520},
Year = {1976},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds20869}
}
@book{fds20802,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {TIPS Program Manual},
Pages = {440},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds20802}
}
@article{fds21019,
Author = {Dean T. Jamison et al.},
Title = {Comment on: "Cost and Performance of Computer-Assisted
Instruction for Education of Disadvantaged
Children"},
Pages = {240-245},
Booktitle = {Education as an Industry},
Publisher = {New York: National Bureau of Economic Research},
Editor = {Dean Jamison et al.},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds21019}
}
@article{fds238330,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE AND SIZE OF GOVERNMENT
SECTOR},
Journal = {Southern economic journal},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1056-1066},
Year = {1976},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976CH24100008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1057330},
Key = {fds238330}
}
@article{fds238331,
Author = {KELLEY, AC and SWARTZ, C},
Title = {STUDENT TO STUDENT TUTORING IN ECONOMICS},
Journal = {The Journal of economic education},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-55},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976CP77000008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1182137},
Key = {fds238331}
}
@article{fds238332,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {SAVINGS, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE, AND ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {683-693},
Year = {1976},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976BY97500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/450913},
Key = {fds238332}
}
@article{fds238334,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Comment on 'The Economic Impact of Grade Inflation on
Instructor Evaluations: A Theoretical Approach" by Richard
B. McKenzie},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Pages = {106},
Year = {1975},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238334}
}
@book{fds20800,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {The Professor's Guide to TIPS},
Pages = {77},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University},
Year = {1975},
Key = {fds20800}
}
@book{fds20801,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and Robert M. Schmidt},
Title = {The User's Guide to TIPS},
Pages = {204},
Publisher = {Durham, NC: Duke University},
Year = {1975},
Key = {fds20801}
}
@article{fds238333,
Author = {KELLEY, AC},
Title = {STUDENT AS A UTILITY MAXIMIZER},
Journal = {The Journal of economic education},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {82-92},
Year = {1975},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975W017100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1182457},
Key = {fds238333}
}
@article{fds238335,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"the Role of Population in Models of Economic
Growth"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {39-44},
Year = {1974},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238335}
}
@book{fds20799,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {Lessons from Japanese Development: An Analytical Economic
History},
Pages = {295},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds20799}
}
@misc{fds20858,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and R. J. Cheetham and Jeffrey G.
Williamson},
Title = {"Demand, Structural Change and the Process of Economic
Growth"},
Pages = {239-264},
Booktitle = {Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honor
of Moses Abramovitz},
Publisher = {Academic Press, Inc.},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds20858}
}
@misc{fds20862,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {"General Equilibrium Analysis of Agricultural Development:
The Case of Meiji Japan"},
Booktitle = {Agricultural Development and Theory},
Publisher = {New Haven: Yale University Press},
Editor = {Lloyd Reynolds},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds20862}
}
@misc{fds20863,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Relative Economic Status and the American Fertility Swing:
A Response"},
Pages = {224-228},
Booktitle = {Family Economic Behavior: Problems and Prospects},
Publisher = {J. P. Lippincott Company},
Editor = {Eleanor Bernert Sheldon},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds20863}
}
@article{fds238336,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Population Growth, the Dependency Rate, and the Pace of
Economic Development"},
Journal = {Population Studies},
Pages = {405-414},
Year = {1973},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds238336}
}
@article{fds238337,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Lee Hansen and W},
Title = {"The Political Economy of Course Evaluations"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Pages = {10-21},
Year = {1973},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238337}
}
@article{fds238340,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Williamson, JG},
Title = {"Modeling Economic Development and General Equilibrium
Histories"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {450-458},
Year = {1973},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds238340}
}
@article{fds238339,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Individualizing Instruction Through the Use of Technology
in Higher Education"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Pages = {77-89},
Year = {1973},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238339}
}
@article{fds238305,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Williamson, JG},
Title = {"Sources of Growth Methodology in Low-Income Countries: A
Critique"},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {138-147},
Year = {1973},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2114 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238305}
}
@misc{fds20848,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Bilharzia, Demographic Change and Economic
Growth"},
Pages = {59-90, 103-113},
Booktitle = {Disease and Economic Development},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Editor = {B. Weisbrod and et. al.},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds20848}
}
@misc{fds20852,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"On the Appraisal of Technical Change in Classroom
Instruction"},
Pages = {78-85},
Booktitle = {Economic Education Experiences of Enterprising
Teachers},
Publisher = {New York: Joint Council on Economic Education},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds20852}
}
@misc{fds20860,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and J. G. Williamson},
Title = {"Simple Parables of Japanese Economic Progress: Report on
Early Findings"},
Pages = {141-185},
Booktitle = {Nihon Keizai No Chokiteki Bunseki (The Long-Term Analysis of
the Japanese Economy)},
Publisher = {Tokyo, Nippon Keisai Shimbunsha},
Editor = {K. Ohkawa and Y. Hayami},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds20860}
}
@article{fds238338,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Andreano, R and Baldwin, R and Epstein, E and Weisbrod,
B},
Title = {"Disease and Economic Development: The Impact of Parasitic
Disease in St. Lucia"},
Journal = {Journal of Social Economics},
Pages = {25-38},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds238338}
}
@article{fds238341,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Scale Economies, Inentive Activity, and the Economics of
American Population Growth"},
Journal = {Explorations in Economic History},
Pages = {35-52},
Year = {1972},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238341}
}
@article{fds238342,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Uses and Abuses of Course Evaluations as Measures of
Education Output"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Pages = {13-18},
Year = {1972},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238342}
}
@article{fds238343,
Author = {Williamson, ACKWJG and Cheetham, RJ},
Title = {"Biased Technological Progress and Labor Force Growth in a
Dualistic Economy"},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {426-444},
Year = {1972},
Month = {August},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1997 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238343}
}
@article{fds238344,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"TIPS and Technical Change in Classroom Instruction"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {422-428},
Year = {1972},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1851 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238344}
}
@book{fds20798,
Author = {A.C. Kelley and R. J. Cheetham and Jeffrey G.
Williamson},
Title = {Dualistic Economic Development: Theory and
History},
Pages = {399},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds20798}
}
@misc{fds20846,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"Demographic Changes and American Economic Development:
Past, Present, and Future"},
Pages = {9-48},
Booktitle = {Economic Aspects of Population Change},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: The Commission on Population Growth and
the American Future, Government Printing
Office},
Editor = {Elliot R. Morse and Ritchie H. Reed},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds20846}
}
@article{fds238345,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Williamson, JG},
Title = {"Writing History Backwards: Meiji Japan Revisited"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Pages = {729-776},
Year = {1971},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2576 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238345}
}
@article{fds238346,
Author = {Hansen, ACKWWL and Weisbrod, BA},
Title = {"Economic Efficiency and the Distribution of Benefits from
College Instruction"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {364-369},
Year = {1970},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1730 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238346}
}
@misc{fds20837,
Author = {A.C. Kelley},
Title = {"The Economics of Teaching: The Role of TIPS"},
Pages = {44-67},
Booktitle = {Recent Research in Economic Education},
Publisher = {Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall},
Editor = {Allen C. Kelley and Keith G. Lumsdem},
Year = {1970},
Key = {fds20837}
}
@article{fds238347,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Demographic Cycles and Economic Growth: The Long Swing
Reconsidered"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Pages = {633-656},
Year = {1969},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2610 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238347}
}
@article{fds238348,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Weiss, LW},
Title = {"Markov Processes, Economic Analysis and
Migration"},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Pages = {280-297},
Year = {1969},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds238348}
}
@article{fds238349,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Demand Patterns, Demographic Change, and Economic
Growth"},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {281-295},
Year = {1969},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1992 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238349}
}
@article{fds238350,
Author = {Zarembka, ACKWP},
Title = {"Normalization of Student Test Scores: An Experimental
Justification"},
Journal = {Journal of Educational Research},
Pages = {160-165},
Year = {1968},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds238350}
}
@article{fds238351,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"An Experiment with TIPS: A Computer-Aided Instructional
System for Undergraduate Education"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {446-457},
Year = {1968},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1723 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238351}
}
@article{fds238352,
Author = {Kelley, AC and Williamson, JG},
Title = {"Household Savings Behavior in the Developing Economies: The
Indonesian Case"},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Pages = {385-403},
Year = {1968},
Month = {April},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2550 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238352}
}
@article{fds238353,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"Demographic Change and Economic Growth"},
Journal = {Explorations in Entrepreneurial History},
Pages = {115-185},
Year = {1968},
Key = {fds238353}
}
@article{fds238354,
Author = {Kelley, AC},
Title = {"International Migration and Economic Growth: Australia,
1865-1935"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Pages = {333-353},
Year = {1965},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2577 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238354}
}
%% Khan, Shakeeb
@article{fds316734,
Author = {Khan, S and Ponomareva, M and Tamer, E},
Title = {Identification of panel data models with endogenous
censoring},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {194},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-75},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.010},
Abstract = {© 2016 Elsevier B.V.We study inference on parameters in
linear panel data models when outcomes are censored. We
allow the censoring to depend on both observable and
unobservable variables in arbitrary ways. Generally, these
models are set identified and the main contribution of this
paper is to derive and characterize the identified sets
under general conditions. Our main characterization theorems
show that every parameter in the sharp set-and only those
parameters-can generate the observed data under the
maintained assumptions. In particular, we consider two
separate sets of assumptions (2 models): the first uses
stationarity on the unobserved disturbance terms. The second
is a nonstationary model with a conditional independence
restriction. Based on the characterizations of the
identified sets, we provide an inference procedure that is
shown to yield valid confidence sets based on inverting
stochastic dominance tests. We also show how our results
extend to empirically interesting dynamic versions of the
model with both lagged observed outcomes, lagged indicators,
and models with factor loads. In addition, we provide
sufficient conditions for point identification in terms of
support conditions. The paper then examines the size of the
identified sets in particular designs, and a Monte Carlo
exercise shows reasonable small sample performance of our
procedures. We also apply our inference approach to two
empirical illustrations that link endogenous censoring to
treatment effects models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.010},
Key = {fds316734}
}
@article{fds315543,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S and Tang, X},
Title = {Informational content of special regressors in
heteroskedastic binary response models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {193},
Number = {1},
Pages = {162-182},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.12.018},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.12.018},
Key = {fds315543}
}
@article{fds238355,
Author = {Chen, SH and Khan, S},
Title = {Semi-parametric estimation of program impacts on dispersion
of potential wages},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {6},
Pages = {901-919},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2351},
Abstract = {© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.We propose the use of
instrumental variables and pairwise matching to identify the
average treatment effect on variance in potential outcomes.
We show that identifying and estimating program impact on
dispersion of potential outcomes in an endogenous-switching
model is possible, without using the identification-at-infinity
argument, if we impose semi-parametric conditions or shape
restrictions on the error structure. In the presence of a
multi-valued or continuously distributed instrument, we
recommend the pairwise-matching method under a set of
symmetry conditions. Simulations and an empirical example
show that the matching method is much more precise than the
instrumental-variable approach.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.2351},
Key = {fds238355}
}
@article{fds320595,
Author = {Khan, S and Nekipelov, D},
Title = {On Uniform Inference in Nonlinear Models with
Endogeneity},
Number = {153},
Pages = {64 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This paper explores the uniformity of inference for
parameters of interest in nonlinear models with endogeneity.
The notion of uniformity is fundamental in these models
because due to potential endogeneity, the behavior of
standard estimators of these parameters is shown to vary
with where they lie in the parameter space. Consequently,
uniform inference becomes nonstandard in a fashion that is
loosely analogous to inference complications found in the
unit root and weak instruments literature, as well as the
models recently studied in Andrews and Cheng (2012a),
Andrews and Cheng (2012b) and Chen, Ponomareva, and Tamer
(2011). We illustrate this point with two models widely used
in empirical work. The first is the standard sample
selection model, where the parameter is the intercept term
(Heckman (1990), Andrews and Schafgans (1998) and Lewbel
(1997a)). We show that with selection on unobservables,
asymptotic theory for this parameter is not standard in
terms of there being nonparametric rates and non-gaussian
limiting distributions. In contrast if the selection is on
observables only, rates and asymptotic distribution are
standard, and consequently an inference method that is
uniform to both selection on observables and unobservables
is required. As a second example, we consider the well
studied treatment effect model in program evaluation
(Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983) and Hirano, Imbens, and Ridder
(2003)), where a parameter of interest is the ATE.
Asymptotic behavior for existing estimators varies between
standard and nonstandard across differing levels of
treatment heterogeneity, thus also requiring new inference
methods.},
Key = {fds320595}
}
@article{fds238359,
Author = {DeLeire, T and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {ROY MODEL SORTING AND NONRANDOM SELECTION IN THE VALUATION
OF A STATISTICAL LIFE},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-306},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313987000010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2012.00733.x},
Key = {fds238359}
}
@article{fds238356,
Author = {Chen, SH and Khan, S},
Title = {SEMI-PARAMETRIC ESTIMATION OF PROGRAM IMPACTS ON DISPERSION
OF POTENTIAL WAGES},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2351},
Abstract = {We propose the use of instrumental variables and pairwise
matching to identify the average treatment effect on
variance in potential outcomes. We show that identifying and
estimating program impact on dispersion of potential
outcomes in an endogenous-switching model is possible,
without using the identification-at-infinity argument, if we
impose semi-parametric conditions or shape restrictions on
the error structure. In the presence of a multi-valued or
continuously distributed instrument, we recommend the
pairwise-matching method under a set of symmetry conditions.
Simulations and an empirical example show that the matching
method is much more precise than the instrumental-variable
approach. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.2351},
Key = {fds238356}
}
@article{fds238357,
Author = {Blevins, JR and Khan, S},
Title = {Distribution-free estimation of heteroskedastic binary
response models in Stata},
Journal = {The Stata journal},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {588-602},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1536-867X},
Abstract = {In this article, we consider two recently proposed
semiparametric estimators for distribution-free binary
response models under a conditional median restriction. We
show that these estimators can be implemented in Stata by
using the nl command through simple modifications to the
nonlinear least-squares probit criterion function. We then
introduce dfbr, a new Stata command that implements these
estimators, and provide several examples of its usage.
Although it is straightforward to carry out the estimation
with nl, the dfbr implementation uses Mata for improved
performance and robustness. © 2013 StataCorp
LP.},
Key = {fds238357}
}
@article{fds238358,
Author = {Blevins, JR and Khan, S},
Title = {Local NLLS estimation of semi-parametric binary choice
models},
Journal = {The Econometrics Journal},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {135-160},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1368-4221},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000320552500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1368-423X.2012.00393.x},
Key = {fds238358}
}
@article{fds238378,
Author = {Khan, S},
Title = {Distribution free estimation of heteroskedastic binary
response models using Probit/Logit criterion
functions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {172},
Number = {1},
Pages = {168-182},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.08.002},
Abstract = {In this paper estimators for distribution free
heteroskedastic binary response models are proposed. The
estimation procedures are based on relationships between
distribution free models with a conditional median
restriction and parametric models (such as Probit/Logit)
exhibiting (multiplicative) heteroskedasticity. The first
proposed estimator is based on the observational equivalence
between the two models, and is a semiparametric sieve
estimator (see, e.g. Gallant and Nychka (1987), Ai and Chen
(2003) and Chen et al. (2005)) for the regression
coefficients, based on maximizing standard Logit/Probit
criterion functions, such as NLLS and MLE. This procedure
has the advantage that choice probabilities and regression
coefficients are estimated simultaneously. The second
proposed procedure is based on the equivalence between
existing semiparametric estimators for the conditional
median model (Manski, 1975, 1985; Horowitz, 1992) and the
standard parametric (Probit/Logit) NLLS estimator. This
estimator has the advantage of being implementable with
standard software packages such as Stata. Distribution
theory is developed for both estimators and a Monte Carlo
study indicates they both perform well in finite samples. ©
2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.08.002},
Key = {fds238378}
}
@article{fds325257,
Author = {Khan, S and Nekipelov, D},
Title = {Information Structure and Statistical Information in
Discrete Response Models},
Number = {110},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds325257}
}
@article{fds238375,
Author = {Khan, S and Shin, Y and Tamer, E},
Title = {Heteroscedastic transformation models with covariate
dependent censoring},
Journal = {Journal of business & economic statistics : a publication of
the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {40-48},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2009.07227},
Abstract = {In this article we propose an inferential procedure for
transformation models with conditional heteroscedasticity in
the error terms. The proposed method is robust to covariate
dependent censoring of arbitrary form.We provide sufficient
conditions for point identification.We then propose an
estimator and show that it is √n-consistent and
asymptotically normal. We conduct a simulation study that
reveals adequate finite sample performance. We also use the
estimator in an empirical illustration of export duration,
where we find advantages of the proposed method over
existing ones. © 2011 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2009.07227},
Key = {fds238375}
}
@article{fds238377,
Author = {Khan, S and Ponomareva, M and Tamer, E},
Title = {Sharpness in randomly censored linear models},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {113},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-25},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2011.05.017},
Abstract = {This work proves that inferences on parameter vectors based
on moment inequalities typically used in linear models with
outcome censoring are sharp, i.e., they exhaust all the
information in the data and the model. This holds for fixed
and randomly censored linear models under median
independence where the censoring can be endogenous. © 2011
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2011.05.017},
Key = {fds238377}
}
@article{fds238379,
Author = {Bayer, P and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Nonparametric identification and estimation in a Roy model
with common nonpecuniary returns},
Journal = {Journal of business & economic statistics : a publication of
the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-215},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Abstract = {We consider identification and estimation of a Roy model
that includes a common nonpecuniary utility component
associated with each choice alternative. This augmented Roy
model has broader applications to many polychotomous choice
problems in addition to occupational sorting. We develop a
pair of nonparametric estimators for this model, derive
asymptotics, and illustrate small-sample properties with a
series of Monte Carlo experiments. We apply one of these
models to migration behavior and analyze the effect of Roy
sorting on observed returns to college education. Correcting
for Roy sorting bias, the returns to a college degree are
cut in half. This article has supplementary material online.
© 2011 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Key = {fds238379}
}
@article{fds238380,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Khan, S and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Representation versus assimilation: How do preferences in
college admissions affect social interactions?},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.10.003},
Abstract = {Given the existence of non-selective universities, the
question of whether to employ racial preferences in college
admissions reduces to one of optimal allocation of a finite
resource: students who are members of under-represented
racial or ethnic groups. In this paper, we assess recent
legal arguments that racial preferences at selective
colleges promote meaningful on-campus interracial
interaction. As such, we odel such interaction as a function
of minority representation and, in some cases, perceived
social similarity between students of different races. We
estimate a structural model to capture these effects and use
the results to trace out the net effects of racial
preferences on population rates of interracial contact. The
results suggest that the interaction-maximizing degree of
racial preference, while positive, is significantly weaker
than that observed in practice. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.10.003},
Key = {fds238380}
}
@article{fds238373,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {The impact of piped water provision on infant mortality in
Brazil: A quantile panel data approach},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {188-200},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2010 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of piped water on the under-1 infant
mortality rate (IMR) in Brazil using a recently developed
econometric procedure for the estimation of quantile
treatment effects with panel data. The provision of piped
water in Brazil is highly correlated with other observable
and unobservable determinants of IMR - the latter leading to
an important source of bias. Instruments for piped water
provision are not readily available, and fixed effects to
control for time-invariant correlated unobservables are
invalid in the simple quantile regression framework. Using
the quantile panel data procedure in Chen and Khan [Chen,
S., Khan, S., Semiparametric estimation of non-stationary
censored panel model data models with time-varying factor.
Econometric Theory 2007; forthcoming], our estimates
indicate that the provision of piped water reduces infant
mortality by significantly more at the higher conditional
quantiles of the IMR distribution than at the lower
conditional quantiles (except for cases of extreme
underdevelopment). These results imply that targeting piped
water intervention toward areas in the upper quantiles of
the conditional IMR distribution, when accompanied by other
basic public health inputs, can achieve significantly
greater reductions in infant mortality. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.02.006},
Key = {fds238373}
}
@article{fds238374,
Author = {Khan, S and Tamer, E},
Title = {Irregular Identification, Support Conditions, and Inverse
Weight Estimation},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2021-2042},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA7372},
Abstract = {In weighted moment condition models, we show a subtle link
between identification and estimability that limits the
practical usefulness of estimators based on these models. In
particular, if it is necessary for (point) identification
that the weights take arbitrarily large values, then the
parameter of interest, though point identified, cannot be
estimated at the regular (parametric) rate and is said to be
irregularly identified. This rate depends on relative tail
conditions and can be as slow in some examples as n-1/4.
This nonstandard rate of convergence can lead to numerical
instability and/or large standard errors. We examine two
weighted model examples: (i) the binary response model under
mean restriction introduced by Lewbel (1997) and further
generalized to cover endogeneity and selection, where the
estimator in this class of models is weighted by the density
of a special regressor, and (ii) the treatment effect model
under exogenous selection (Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983)),
where the resulting estimator of the average treatment
effect is one that is weighted by a variant of the
propensity score. Without strong relative support
conditions, these models, similar to well known "identified
at infinity" models, lead to estimators that converge at
slower than parametric rate, since essentially, to ensure
point identification, one requires some variables to take
values on sets with arbitrarily small probabilities, or thin
sets. For the two models above, we derive some rates of
convergence and propose that one conducts inference using
rate adaptive procedures that are analogous to Andrews and
Schafgans (1998) for the sample selection model. © 2010 The
Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA7372},
Key = {fds238374}
}
@article{fds238376,
Author = {Abrevaya, J and Hausman, JA and Khan, S},
Title = {Testing for Causal Effects in a Generalized Regression Model
With Endogenous Regressors},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2043-2061},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA7133},
Abstract = {A unifying framework to test for causal effects in nonlinear
models is proposed. We consider a generalized linear-index
regression model with endogenous regressors and no
parametric assumptions on the error disturbances. To test
the significance of the effect of an endogenous regressor,
we propose a statistic that is a kernel-weighted version of
the rank correlation statistic (tau) of Kendall (1938). The
semiparametric model encompasses previous cases considered
in the literature (continuous endogenous regressors
(Blundell and Powell (2003)) and a single binary endogenous
regressor (Vytlacil and Yildiz (2007))), but the testing
approach is the first to allow for (i) multiple discrete
endogenous regressors, (ii) endogenous regressors that are
neither discrete nor continuous (e.g., a censored variable),
and (iii) an arbitrary "mix" of endogenous regressors (e.g.,
one binary regressor and one continuous regressor). © 2010
The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA7133},
Key = {fds238376}
}
@article{fds238372,
Author = {Khan, S and Tamer, E},
Title = {Inference on endogenously censored regression models using
conditional moment inequalities},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {152},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104-119},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.01.006},
Abstract = {Under a quantile restriction, randomly censored regression
models can be written in terms of conditional moment
inequalities. We study the identified features of these
moment inequalities with respect to the regression
parameters where we allow for covariate dependent censoring,
endogenous censoring and endogenous regressors. These
inequalities restrict the parameters to a set. We show
regular point identification can be achieved under a set of
interpretable sufficient conditions. We then provide a
simple way to convert conditional moment inequalities into
unconditional ones while preserving the informational
content. Our method obviates the need for nonparametric
estimation, which would require the selection of smoothing
parameters and trimming procedures. Without the point
identification conditions, our objective function can be
used to do inference on the partially identified parameter.
Maintaining the point identification conditions, we propose
a quantile minimum distance estimator which converges at the
parametric rate to the parameter vector of interest, and has
an asymptotically normal distribution. A small scale
simulation study and an application using drug relapse data
demonstrate satisfactory finite sample performance. © 2009
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.01.006},
Key = {fds238372}
}
@article{fds238370,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S},
Title = {Semiparametric estimation of nonstationary censored panel
data models with time varying factor loads},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1149-1173},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2554 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We propose an estimation procedure for a semiparametric
panel data censored regression model in which the error
terms may be subject to general forms of nonstationarity.
Specifically, we allow for heteroskedasticity over time and
a time varying factor load on the individual specific
effect. Empirically, estimation of this model would be of
interest to explore how returns to unobserved skills change
over time - see, e.g., Chay (1995, manuscript, Princeton
University) and Chay and Honoré (1998, Journal of Human
Resources 33, 4-38). We adopt a two-stage procedure based on
nonparametric median regression, and the proposed estimator
is shown to be √n-consistent and asymptotically normal.
The estimation procedure is also useful in the group effect
setting, where estimation of the factor load would be
empirically relevant in the study of the intergenerational
correlation in income, explored in Solon (1992, American
Economic Review 82, 393-408; 1999, Handbook of Labor
Economics, vol. 3, 1761-1800) and Zimmerman (1992, American
Economic Review 82, 409-429). © 2008 Cambridge University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466608080468},
Key = {fds238370}
}
@article{fds238371,
Author = {Khan, S},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Journal of business & economic statistics : a publication of
the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {294-295},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500108000000097},
Doi = {10.1198/073500108000000097},
Key = {fds238371}
}
@article{fds238367,
Author = {Khan, S and Tamer, E},
Title = {Partial rank estimation of duration models with general
forms of censoring},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {136},
Number = {1},
Pages = {251-280},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1906 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this paper we propose estimators for the regression
coefficients in censored duration models which are
distribution free, impose no parametric specification on the
baseline hazard function, and can accommodate general forms
of censoring. The estimators are shown to have desirable
asymptotic properties and Monte Carlo simulations
demonstrate good finite sample performance. Among the data
features the new estimators can accommodate are
covariate-dependent censoring, double censoring, and fixed
(individual or group specific) effects. We also examine the
behavior of the estimator in an empirical illustration. ©
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.03.003},
Key = {fds238367}
}
@article{fds238369,
Author = {Khan, S and Lewbel, A},
Title = {Weighted and two-stage least squares estimation of
semiparametric truncated regression models},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {309-347},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2573 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper provides a root-n consistent, asymptotically
normal weighted least squares estimator of the coefficients
in a truncated regression model. The distribution of the
errors is unknown and permits general forms of unknown
heteroskedasticity. Also provided is an instrumental
variables based two-stage least squares estimator for this
model, which can be used when some regressors are
endogenous, mismeasured, or otherwise correlated with the
errors. A simulation study indicates that the new estimators
perform well in finite samples. Our limiting distribution
theory includes a new asymptotic trimming result addressing
the boundary bias in first-stage density estimation without
knowledge of the support boundary. © 2007 Cambridge
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466607070132},
Key = {fds238369}
}
@article{fds324691,
Author = {Chen, S and Dahl, GB and Khan, S},
Title = {Estimation of a nonparametric censored regression model with
an application to unemployment insurance
spells},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {100},
Number = {469},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {© 2001, American Statistical Association. All rights
reserved.In this paper we consider identification and
estimation of a censored nonparametric location scale model.
We first show that in the case where the location function
is strictly less than the (fixed) censoring point for all
values in the support of the explanatory variables, then the
location function is not identified anywhere. In contrast,
if the location function is greater or equal to the
censoring point with positive probability, then the location
function is identified on the entire support, including the
region where the location function is below the censoring
point. In the latter case we propose a simple estimation
procedure based on combining conditional quantile estimators
for three distinct quantiles. The new estimator is shown to
converge at the optimal nonparametric rate with a limiting
normal distribution. A small scale simulation study
indicates that the proposed estimation procedure performs
well in finite samples. We also present an empirical
application to unemployment insurance duration using
administrative level data from New Jersey.},
Key = {fds324691}
}
@article{fds238368,
Author = {Chen, S and Dahl, GB and Khan, S},
Title = {Nonparametric identification and estimation of a censored
location-scale regression model},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {100},
Number = {469},
Pages = {212-221},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/016214504000000836},
Abstract = {In this article we consider identification and estimation of
a censored nonparametric location scale-model. We first show
that in the case where the location function is strictly
less than the (fixed) censoring point for all values in the
support of the explanatory variables, the location function
is not identified anywhere. In contrast, when the location
function is greater or equal to the censoring point with
positive probability, the location function is identified on
the entire support, including the region where the location
function is below the censoring point. In the latter case we
propose a simple estimation procedure based on combining
conditional quantile estimators for various higher
quantiles. The new estimator is shown to converge at the
optimal nonparametric rate with a limiting normal
distribution. A small-scale simulation study indicates that
the proposed estimation procedure performs well in finite
samples. We also present an empirical illustration on
unemployment insurance duration using administrative-level
data from New Jersey. © 2005 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/016214504000000836},
Key = {fds238368}
}
@article{fds238364,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S},
Title = {Rates of convergence for estimating regression coefficients
in heteroskedastic discrete response models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {117},
Number = {2},
Pages = {245-278},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1899 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this paper, we consider estimation of discrete response
models exhibiting conditional heteroskedasticity of a
multiplicative form, where the latent error term is assumed
to be the product of an unknown scale function and a
homoskedastic error term. It is first shown that for
estimation of the slope coefficients in a binary choice
model under this type of restriction, the semiparametric
information bound is zero, even when the homoskedastic error
term is parametrically specified. Hence, it is impossible to
attain the parametric convergence rate for the parameters of
interest. However, for ordered response models where the
response variable can take at least three different values,
the parameters of interest can be estimated at the
parametric rate under the multiplicative heteroskedasticity
assumption. Two estimation procedures are proposed. The
first estimator, based on a parametric restriction on the
homoskedastic component of the error term, is a two-step
maximum likelihood estimators, where the unknown scale
function is estimated nonparametrically in the first stage.
The second procedure, which does not require the parametric
restriction, estimates the parameters by a kernel weighted
least-squares procedure. Under regularity conditions which
are standard in the literature, both estimators are shown to
be √n-consistent and asymptotically normal. © 2003
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00148-9},
Key = {fds238364}
}
@article{fds238366,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S},
Title = {Semiparametric estimation of a heteroskedastic sample
selection model},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1040-1064},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2541 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper considers estimation of a sample selection model
subject to conditional heteroskedasticity in both the
selection and outcome equations. The form of
heteroskedasticity allowed for in each equation is
multiplicative, and each of the two scale functions is left
unspecified. A three-step estimator for the parameters of
interest in the outcome equation is proposed. The first two
stages involve nonparametric estimation of the "propensity
score" and the conditional interquartile range of the
outcome equation, respectively. The third stage reweights
the data so that the conditional expectation of the
reweighted dependent variable is of a partially linear form,
and the parameters of interest are estimated by an approach
analogous to that adopted in Ahn and Powell (1993, Journal
of Econometrics 58, 3-29). Under standard regularity
conditions the proposed estimator is shown to be
√n-consistent and asymptotically normal, and the form of
its limiting covariance matrix is derived.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466603196077},
Key = {fds238366}
}
@article{fds238365,
Author = {Honoré, B and Khan, S and Powell, JL},
Title = {Quantile regression under random censoring},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1},
Pages = {67-105},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1895 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Censored regression models have received a great deal of
attention in both the theoretical and applied econometric
literature. Most of the existing estimation procedures for
either cross-sectional or panel data models are designed
only for models with fixed censoring. In this paper, a new
procedure for adapting these estimators designed for fixed
censoring to models with random censoring is proposed. This
procedure is then applied to the CLAD and quantile
estimators of Powell (J. Econom. 25 (1984) 303, 32 (1986a)
143) to obtain an estimator of the coefficients under a mild
conditional quantile restriction on the error term that is
applicable to samples exhibiting fixed or random censoring.
The resulting estimator is shown to have desirable
asymptotic properties, and performs well in a small-scale
simulation study. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(01)00142-7},
Key = {fds238365}
}
@article{fds238361,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S},
Title = {Semiparametric estimation of a partially linear censored
regression model},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {567-590},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2559 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this paper we propose an estimation procedure for a
censored regression model where the latent regression
function has a partially linear form. Based on a conditional
quantile restriction, we estimate the model by a two stage
procedure. The first stage nonparametrically estimates the
conditional quantile function at in-sample and appropriate
out-of-sample points, and the second stage involves a simple
weighted least squares procedure. The proposed procedure is
shown to have desirable asymptotic properties under
regularity conditions that are standard in the literature. A
small scale simulation study indicates that the estimator
performs well in moderately sized samples.},
Key = {fds238361}
}
@article{fds238362,
Author = {Khan, S and Powell, JL},
Title = {Two-step estimation of semiparametric censored regression
models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {103},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {73-110},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1910 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Root-n-consistent estimators of the regression coefficients
in the linear censored regression model under conditional
quantile restrictions on the error terms were proposed by
Powell (Journal of Econometrics 25 (1984) 303-325, 32
(1986a) 143-155). While those estimators have desirable
asymptotic properties under weak regularity conditions,
simulation studies have shown these estimators to exhibit a
small sample bias in the opposite direction of the least
squares bias for censored data. This paper introduces
two-step estimators for these models which minimize convex
objective functions, and are designed to overcome this
finite-sample bias. The paper gives regularity conditions
under which the proposed two-step estimators are consistent
and asymptotically normal; a Monte Carlo study compares the
finite sample behavior of the proposed methods with their
one-step counterparts. © 2001 Elsevier Science S.A. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(01)00040-9},
Key = {fds238362}
}
@article{fds238363,
Author = {Khan, S},
Title = {Two-stage rank estimation of quantile index
models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-355},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1917 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper estimates a class of models which satisfy a
monotonicity condition on the conditional quantile function
of the response variable. This class includes as a special
case the monotonic transformation model with the error term
satisfying a conditional quantile restriction, thus allowing
for very general forms of conditional heteroscedasticity. A
two-stage approach is adopted to estimate the relevant
parameters. In the first stage the conditional quantile
function is estimated nonparametrically by the local
polynomial estimator discussed in Chaudhuri (Journal of
Multivariate Analysis 39 (1991a) 246-269; Annals of
Statistics 19 (1991b) 760-777) and Cavanagh (1996,
Preprint). In the second stage, the monotonicity of the
quantile function is exploited to estimate the parameters of
interest by maximizing a rank-based objective function. The
proposed estimator is shown to have desirable asymptotic
properties and can then also be used for dimensionality
reduction or to estimate the unknown structural function in
the context of a transformation model. © 2001 Elsevier
Science S.A. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(00)00040-3},
Key = {fds238363}
}
@article{fds238360,
Author = {Chen, S and Khan, S},
Title = {Estimating censored regression models in the presence of
nonparametric multiplicative heteroskedasticity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {283-316},
Year = {2000},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1919 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Powell's (1984, Journal of Econometrics 25, 303-325)
censored least absolute deviations (CLAD) estimator for the
censored linear regression model has been regarded as a
desirable alternative to maximum likelihood estimation
methods due to its robustness to conditional
heteroskedasticity and distributional mis specification of
the error term. However, the CLAD estimation procedure has
failed in certain empirical applications due to the
restrictive nature of the 'full rank' condition it requires.
This condition can be especially problematic when the data
are heavily censored. In this paper we introduce estimation
procedures for heteroskedastic censored linear regression
models with a much weaker identification restriction than
that required for the LCAD, and which are flexible enough to
allow for various degrees of censoring. The new estimators
are shown to have desirable asymptotic properties and
perform well in small-scale simulation studies, and can thus
be considered as viable alternatives for estimating censored
regression models, especially for applications in which the
CLAD fails. © 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds238360}
}
%% Khmilevska, Nataliya M
@article{fds50229,
Author = {Nataliya Khmilevska},
Title = {Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model and Macroeconomic
Announcements},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~nlk3/Papers/paper},
Key = {fds50229}
}
@misc{fds50233,
Author = {Philip F.Cook and Nataliya Khmilevska},
Title = {Cross-National Patterns in Crime Rates},
Booktitle = {"Crime and Punishment in Western Countries, 1980 –
1999"},
Publisher = {The University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Michael Tonry and David P. Farrington},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds50233}
}
@article{fds50234,
Author = {Nataliya Khmilevska},
Title = {Modeling Household Behavior in Shadow Economy: Labor Supply
Decisions},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds50234}
}
@article{fds50235,
Author = {Gene Ellis and Nataliya Khmilevska and Olexander
Zhylevskyy},
Title = {Assessing the Welfare Costs of the AvtoZAZ-Daewoo Automobile
Agreement},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds50235}
}
%% Kiku, Dana
@article{fds48049,
Author = {D. Kiku and Ravi Bansal},
Title = {Long-Run Asset Allocation},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {<div style="text-align: justify;"> In this paper we show
that the economic restriction of cointegration between
portfolio cash flow levels and consumption level has
important implications for return dynamics and portfolio
choice. When cash flows and consumption are cointegrated,
the cointegration error forecasts long-horizon dividend
growth rates and returns, and alters the variance-covariance
of returns by horizon. We show that the optimal asset mix,
based on the EC-VAR specification with the cointegration
restriction imposed, can be quite different relative to a
traditional VAR that ignores the cointegration restriction.
We develop and implement methods to account for parameter
uncertainty in the EC-VAR setup and highlight the importance
of the error-correction channel for optimal asset allocation
at short and long investment horizons. </div>},
Key = {fds48049}
}
@article{fds42548,
Author = {D. Kiku and Ravi Bansal and Robert Dittmar},
Title = {Cointegration and Consumption Risks in Asset
Returns},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {<div style="text-align: justify;"> In this paper, we argue
that long run movement in consumption is a key determinant
of the risk-return relation in asset markets. Our goal is to
explain cross-sectional differences in risk premia by
horizon. We show that as the investment horizon increases,
the return's consumption beta is dominated by the long-run
(cointegrating) relation between dividends and consumption.
Further, as cointegration alters dividend growth and return
predictability, it has important conceptual and empirical
implications for the risk-return tradeoff at all investment
horizons. We show that asset betas, derived from an
Error-Correction VAR model of returns, can successfully
account for the cross-sectional variation in equity mean
returns at both short and long horizons; this is not the
case when the cointegrating restriction is ignored. In all,
our evidence underscores the economic importance of
cointegration and risks related to long run movements in
consumption for understanding the whole term structure of
the risk-return tradeoff in the cross-section of assets.
</div>},
Key = {fds42548}
}
@article{fds42547,
Title = {Is the Value Premium a Puzzle?},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {<div style="text-align: justify;"> This paper provides an
economic explanation of the value premium puzzle,
differences in price/dividend and Sharpe ratios of value and
growth assets, volatilities of ex-post returns on the two
stocks and their correlation. I consider a model that
features two equally important ingredients: a small
persistent component in cash-flow growth dynamics and the
Epstein-Zin recursive utility preferences. In the model, as
in the data, cash flows of value firms are highly exposed to
low-frequency fluctuations in aggregate consumption, whereas
growth firms' dividends are mainly driven by short-lived
consumption news and risks related to fluctuating economic
uncertainty. I show that the dispersion in long-run risks is
the key mechanism that allows the model to quantitatively
replicate the magnitude of the historical value premium,
resolving the puzzle. Furthermore, heterogeneity in
systematic risks across firms helps account for the whole
transitional dynamics of value and growth returns, as well
as the empirical failure of the CAPM and C-CAPM. In
addition, the model is able to successfully accommodate the
time-series behavior of the aggregate equity market.
</div>},
Key = {fds42547}
}
@article{fds42549,
Title = {Trend/Cycle Risks: Decomposition and Premia},
Year = {2003},
Abstract = {<div style="text-align: justify;"> This paper studies the
relative importance of long- and short-run risks in assets'
cash flows in explaining the cross-sectional variation in
risk premia. Permanent and transitory economic shocks are
identified using two different methodologies developed in
Engle and Vahid (1993), and Gonzalo and Granger (1995). I
find that the cost of long-run economic uncertainty far
exceeds that for business-cycle fluctuations. Even though,
short-run cash-flow betas contain valuable information about
the risk-return tradeoff. </div>},
Key = {fds42549}
}
%% Kimbrough, Kent P.
@article{fds238381,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP and Spyridopoulos, I},
Title = {The Welfare Cost of Inflation in Greece},
Journal = {South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-52},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238381}
}
@article{fds238382,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Unique Monetary Equilibria with Interest Rate Rules: An
Extension},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {114},
Number = {2},
Pages = {332-334},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238382}
}
@article{fds324315,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth in a Small Open
Economy.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1041-1043},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds324315}
}
@article{fds144833,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {Foreign Direct Investment: Analysis of Aggregate Flows by
Assaf Razin and Efraim Sadka},
Journal = {International Review of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {18},
Pages = {531-32},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds144833}
}
@article{fds324316,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Book reviews},
Journal = {International Review of Economics & Finance},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {531-532},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2008.04.002},
Doi = {10.1016/j.iref.2008.04.002},
Key = {fds324316}
}
@article{fds238384,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Optimal taxes and tariffs with private information},
Journal = {Open Economies Review},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {411-422},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0923-7992},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11079-008-9079-3},
Abstract = {The implications of private information regarding a worker's
skills for optimal tax policy in an open economy are
explored. Two cases are considered. In one general skills
are private information and in the other sector-specific
skills are private information. It is shown that for a small
open economy tariffs and other equivalent trade distortions
are not part of the optimal tax policy in either case. In
both cases the optimal policy distorts the labor-leisure
choice but only in the case of sector-specific skills as
private information are labor allocation decisions
distorted. For a large country, distortions that are
equivalent to the standard optimal tariff formula
characterize the optimal tax policy. © Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC 2008.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11079-008-9079-3},
Key = {fds238384}
}
@article{fds238385,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Revenue maximizing inflation},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1967-1978},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1977 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A classic monetary policy result is that revenue
maximization entails setting the inflation tax rate equal to
the inverse of the interest semi-elasticity of the demand
for money. The standard approach underlying "Cagan's rule"
is partial equilibrium in nature, treating money demand as
being given from outside the model and abstracting from the
real effects of inflation. This paper reconsiders the
question of the revenue maximizing inflation rate in a
general equilibrium framework with a labor-leisure choice,
where money is held because it reduces transactions costs.
In this framework, the revenue maximizing inflation tax rate
is lower than that implied by Cagan's rule. © 2006 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2005.07.023},
Key = {fds238385}
}
@article{fds42573,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {The Decline of the Welfare State: Demography and
Globalization by A.Razin and E. Sadka in cooperation with
C.W. Nam},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {206-208},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds42573}
}
@article{fds21063,
Title = {The Mexico-U.S. Free Trade Agreement},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {848-9},
Editor = {Peter M. Garber},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds21063}
}
@article{fds324317,
Author = {KIMBROUGH, KP},
Title = {THE MEXICO-UNITED-STATES FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT -
GARBER,PM},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {848-849},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324317}
}
@article{fds238415,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {"Exchange Rate Regimes and the Real Exchange
Rate"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Integration},
Volume = {20},
Pages = {49-71},
Year = {1995},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238415}
}
@article{fds238414,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Optimal monetary policies and policy interdependence in the
world economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {227-248},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1966 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The literature on strategic policy interactions has focused
on the implications of alternative strategic policy
interactions, cooperative versus noncooperative, for
equilibrium macroeconomic policies given the state of the
world economy. This paper asks how changes in world economic
conditions alter equilibrium policies given the nature of
policy interdependence among nations. The paper considers a
world economy comprised of two countries operating under a
system of flexible exchange rates. Both governments act
noncooperatively and choose the rate of growth of their
money supply so as to maximize the utility of their
country's residents given the rate of growth of the other
country's money supply. The resulting Nash equilibrium rates
of growth of the home and foreign money supplies are
determined and the dependence of international differences
in money growth and inflation rates on international
differences in technology. (JEL E52, E60, F41, F42). ©
1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(93)90013-2},
Key = {fds238414}
}
@article{fds238383,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Tax Regimes, Tariff Revenues and Government
Spending},
Journal = {Economica},
Volume = {59},
Number = {233},
Pages = {75-75},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0013-0427},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992HF58300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2555067},
Key = {fds238383}
}
@article{fds238410,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Tax smoothing and tariff behavior in the United
States},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {711-729},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(92)90007-U},
Abstract = {This paper develops and tests a public finance theory of
tariff behavior. Tariffs are viewed as being part of the
optimum revenue raising tax package so that tariff revenue
is closely tied to government spending. A key implication of
the theory is that tariff rate movements should be
consistent with tax-smoothing behavior. The test focuses on
the United States during the years 1869-1916. The results of
the test support the theory. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(92)90007-U},
Key = {fds238410}
}
@article{fds238411,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Speculative attacks: The roles of intertemporal substitution
and the interest elasticity of the demand for
money},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {689-710},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(92)90006-T},
Abstract = {The effects of an anticipated speculative attack and
exchange rate regime collapse brought on by an unsustainable
mix of domestic credit and exchange rate policies is
examined. A maximizing model with money demand motivated by
a transactions technology which implies that increased money
holdings reduce transactions costs associated with
consumption good purchases is used. It is demonstrated that
the effects of an impending speculative attack depend
crucially on two margins through which the forward-looking
behavior of rational consumers manifests itself the
intertemporal elasticity of substitution in consumption and
the interest elasticity of the demand for money. ©
1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(92)90006-T},
Key = {fds238411}
}
@article{fds238412,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Specialization, the terms of trade, and the international
transmission of monetary policies},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {884-900},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135770},
Abstract = {The Ricardian model with a continuum of goods is extended to
a cash-in-advance environment with variable labour supply,
which allows domestic monetary policy to influence real
activity through an inflation tax channel and to be
internationally transmitted to real activity abroad. The
continuum-of-goods feature of the model allows for the
international transmission of monetary policies to occur at
both intensive and extensive margins. At the intensive
margin monetary policy is internationally transmitted via
its impact on relative employment levels at home and abroad.
This in turn alters the terms of trade, thereby affecting
the range of commodities in which the home country has a
comparative advantage. Monetary policies are thus
transmitted at the extensive margin by influencing
international patterns of trade and specialization.
-Author},
Doi = {10.2307/135770},
Key = {fds238412}
}
@article{fds238413,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Slottje, DJ and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Tariff behavior in five European countries},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-78},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(92)90104-7},
Abstract = {This paper examines the time series properties of average
tariff rates for Denmark, France, Sweden, Switzerland, and
the United Kingdom. For all five countries the tariff series
contains a unit root. However, a complete description of the
tariff rate series for each country suggests that tariff
changes may have quite different effects on macroeconomic
variables, such as the trade balance, in each of the five
countries studied. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(92)90104-7},
Key = {fds238413}
}
@misc{fds21031,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {"The Inflation Tax"},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and
Finance},
Publisher = {New York: Stockton Press},
Editor = {J. Eatwell and M. Milgate and P. Newman},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds21031}
}
@article{fds238409,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Optimal taxation and inflation in an open
economy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {179-196},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1889},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1889(91)90032-V},
Abstract = {This paper examines the role of the inflation tax in the
optimal revenue-raising tax package for a small open economy
where money is held because it serves to reduce
transacttions costs associated with purchasing goods.
Consumers choose whether domestic money or foreign money
will serve as the medium of exchange for various goods
purchases so as to minimize such costs. Results are derived
regarding the appropriate role of taxes on domestic and
foreign money in the optimal tax structure. It is
demonstrated that with a sufficiently rich tax structure
Friedman's rule, which calls for a monetary policy that
drives the nominal interest rate to zero, is a component of
the optimal tax policy. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1889(91)90032-V},
Key = {fds238409}
}
@article{fds238408,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The Economics of Country-Specific Tariffs},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {575-575},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DR01100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2527162},
Key = {fds238408}
}
@article{fds238407,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The Effects of Trade-Balance-Triggered Tariffs},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-117},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990CN16700009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2526632},
Key = {fds238407}
}
@article{fds238406,
Author = {Gardner, KPKWGW},
Title = {"The Behavior of U.S. Tariff Rates"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {79},
Number = {1},
Pages = {211-218},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1989},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1854 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238406}
}
@article{fds238404,
Author = {Kimbrough, K},
Title = {Optimal taxation in a monetary economy with financial
intrmediaries},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {493-511},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(89)90002-5},
Abstract = {The problem of optimal taxation when the government must
levy distorting taxes to meet its revenue needs is
considered for a monetary economy with financial
intermediaries. In contrast to most other studies of optimal
taxation in a monetary economy, money is treated as an
intermediate good which is held because doing so economizes
on the scarce resources that must be devoted to the exchange
process. Attention is focused on the roles of the inflation
tax, reserve requirements, and deposit taxes. The key result
is that revenue considerations do not justify taxing cash
and deposits. That is, the optimal tax structure calls for
adopting the optimum quantity of money rule and setting
deposit taxes to zero. When the optimal tax structure is in
place, reserve requirements turn out to be irrelevant from
both the fiscal and welfare perspectives. ©
1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(89)90002-5},
Key = {fds238404}
}
@article{fds238405,
Author = {Gardner, GW and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Tariffs, interest rates, and the trade balance in the world
economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {91-110},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1963 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A two-commodity intertemporal framework is used to show
that, in contrast to the conventional wisdom, both permanent
and temporary tariffs may worsen the trade balance of a
large country. For a temporary tariff the key condition for
this result is a low intertemporal elasticity of
substitution in consumption. When a temporary tariff worsens
the trade balance the world real interest rate must fall if
the tariff-imposing country is running a deficit and rise if
it is running a surplus. Temporary tariffs can only worsen
the trade balance of a surplus country when international
differences in tastes are important. © 1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(89)90079-2},
Key = {fds238405}
}
@misc{fds21044,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {"Optimal Tax Policy for Balance of Payments
Objectives"},
Pages = {309-37},
Booktitle = {International Aspects of Fiscal Policies},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {J. A. Frenkel},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds21044}
}
@article{fds238401,
Author = {Greenwood, J and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {An Investigation in the Theory of Foreign Exchange
Controls},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-271},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987H684600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/135361},
Key = {fds238401}
}
@article{fds238402,
Author = {Greenwood, J and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Foreign exchange controls in a black market
economy},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-143},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(87)90055-1},
Abstract = {An investigation of the impact of foreign exchange controls
in a black market economy is undertaken within the context
of a choice-theoretic cash-in-advance general equilibrium
model. While such controls may improve a 'distortion-free'
economy's trade balance and balance of payments they are
found to increase the domestic price of imports and lower
the country's welfare. The ramifications of black market for
economic welfare turn out to be ambiguous, depending
crucially on the government's reaction to the leakage of
foreign exchange into the economy via illegal activity. ©
1987.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(87)90055-1},
Key = {fds238402}
}
@misc{fds21042,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {"International Linkages, Exchange Rate Regimes, and the
International Transmission Process: Perspectives from
Optimizing Models"},
Pages = {119-96},
Booktitle = {International Economics},
Publisher = {Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff},
Editor = {L. H. Officer},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds21042}
}
@article{fds238399,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Inflation, Employment, and Welfare in the Presence of
Transactions Costs},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-127},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1986},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-2879},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C646300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1992197},
Key = {fds238399}
}
@article{fds238400,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Foreign Aid and Optimal Fiscal Policy},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-35},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1986},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986A401200003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/135170},
Key = {fds238400}
}
@article{fds238403,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The optimum quantity of money rule in the theory of public
finance},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-284},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1978 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper examines optimal tax policy in a monetary economy
in which money serves as an intermediate good that helps
facilitate the conversion of scarce resources into final
consumption goods by enabling consumers to economize on the
costs of transacting. It is shown that in such an
environment, even though distorting taxes must be levied for
revenue purposes, the optimal tax structure calls for
abstaining from inflationary finance and adopting the
optimum quantity of money rule. © 1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(86)90040-1},
Key = {fds238403}
}
@misc{fds21051,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {"Monetary Procedures and Monetary Policy"},
Pages = {215-23},
Booktitle = {Alternative Monetary Regimes},
Publisher = {Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {Colin D. Campbell and William R. Dougan},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds21051}
}
@article{fds238397,
Author = {Greenwood, J and Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Capital Controls and Fiscal Policy in the World
Economy},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {743-743},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AXF9900003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/135088},
Key = {fds238397}
}
@article{fds324318,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP and Darby, MR and Lothian, JR and Gandolfi, AE and Schwartz, AJ and Stockman, AC},
Title = {The International Transmission of Inflation},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {118-118},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1992512},
Doi = {10.2307/1992512},
Key = {fds324318}
}
@article{fds238394,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {An examination of the effects of government purchases in an
open economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-133},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1971 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effects of permanent and transitory
changes in government purchases in the context of a model of
a small open economy that produces and consumes both traded
and nontraded goods. The model incorporates an equilibrium
interpretation of the business cycle that emphasizes the
responsiveness of agents to intertemporal relative price
changes. It is demonstrated that transitory increases in
government purchases lead to an appreciation of the real
exchange rate and an ambiguous change (although a likely
worsening) in the current account, while permanent increases
have an ambiguous impact on the real exchange rate and no
effect on the current account. When agents do not know
whether a given increase in government purchases is
permanent or transitory the effect is a weighted average of
these separate effects. The weights depend on the relative
variances of the transitory and permanent components of
government purchases. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(85)90009-9},
Key = {fds238394}
}
@article{fds238395,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Futures markets and monetary policy},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-79},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(85)90053-4},
Abstract = {It has recently been argued that when differentially
informed agents trade with one another monetary policy can
influence the distribution of output by altering the
information content of prices. This paper introduces a
futures market into the Barro (1980) model and shows that
under certain conditions prices may aggregate information in
a manner such that differentially informed agents hold
identical beliefs concerning aggregate market conditions. In
such cases, monetary policy will be unable to influence the
distribution of output. These results then serve as a
backdrop for a more general discussion of the relationship
between asset prices and the role of monetary policy. ©
1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(85)90053-4},
Key = {fds238395}
}
@article{fds238396,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Rational expectations, market shocks, and the exchange
rate},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-312},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(85)90073-4},
Abstract = {The world economy has been subjected to numerous real shocks
in recent years. In addition, purchasing-power parity seems
to have collapsed. Critics of the monetary approach to the
exchange rate have been quick to draw attention to these
facts. This paper extends the basic framework of the
monetary approach so that it provides a useful tool for
explaining the impact of real shocks on the exchange rate
and so that it is compatible with the existence of
significant deviations from purchasing-power parity. The
real shocks that are discussed include changes in commercial
policy, the terms of trade, and productivity. It is
demonstrated that real shocks influence the exchange rate
through two distinct channels-a real-income channel and a
deviations from purchasing-power-parity channel. ©
1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(85)90073-4},
Key = {fds238396}
}
@article{fds238398,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Tariffs, quotas and welfare in a monetary
economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {257-277},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(85)90035-2},
Abstract = {The effects of tariffs and quotas on welfare in a monetary
economy are considered. It is shown that while both policies
improve the balance of payments they have different lifetime
welfare implications even when they are equivalent in the
long run. The speed of adjustment is shown to be more rapid
under a tariff than under a quota. Therefore, adjustment
costs associated with changes in money holdings are lower
under a tariff while those associated with changes in
consumption are higher. Simulation results are used to
examined the implications of various structural parameters
for lifetime utility under the two policies. ©
1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(85)90035-2},
Key = {fds238398}
}
@article{fds238393,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The Forward Rate as a Predictor of the Future Spot Rate, the
Role of Policy, and Exchange Rate Regime
Choice},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {527-527},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1984},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984ABW4700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2526217},
Key = {fds238393}
}
@article{fds238389,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP and Koray, F},
Title = {Money, Output, and the Trade Balance: Theory and
Evidence},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {508-508},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1984},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TN39900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/135189},
Key = {fds238389}
}
@article{fds238390,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The Derivation and Interpretation of the Lucas Supply
Function: Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {367-367},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1984},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-2879},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TD70900012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1992227},
Key = {fds238390}
}
@article{fds238392,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Commercial Policy and Aggregate Employment Under Rational
Expectations},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {3},
Pages = {567-567},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1984},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TH18700009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1885965},
Key = {fds238392}
}
@article{fds238388,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The Corporation Income Tax in the Open Economy},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {391-391},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1984},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TL95300009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2526205},
Key = {fds238388}
}
@article{fds238391,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Aggregate Information and the Role of Monetary Policy in an
Open Economy},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {268-285},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1984},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984SN43300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/261224},
Key = {fds238391}
}
@article{fds21065,
Title = {Recent Issues in the Theory of Flexible Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {924-5},
Editor = {E. Claassen and P. Salin},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds21065}
}
@article{fds324319,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP and Claassen, E and Salin, P},
Title = {Recent Issues in the Theory of Flexible Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {924-924},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1058022},
Doi = {10.2307/1058022},
Key = {fds324319}
}
@article{fds238386,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Asset preferences, trade in assets, and exchange rate
behavior during the adjustment process},
Journal = {Atlantic Economic Journal},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {52-62},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1983},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0197-4254},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02303368},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02303368},
Key = {fds238386}
}
@article{fds238387,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Exchange-rate policy and monetary information},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {333-346},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1968 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper develops a model of a small open economy in which
the presence of local deviations from purchasing power
parity give rise to differential information. It is assumed
that the monetary authorities are committed to buy and sell
foreign exchange in order to support an exchange-rate policy
rule. It is demonstrated that exchange-rate policy can
influence the distribution of real output (i) if agents
possess incomplete and differential information and (ii) if
they have contemporaneous money supply (or balance of
payments) information. It is also shown that exchange-rate
policy can be effective because of its ability to influence
the information content of available monetary data. The
argument is turned around and used to support the frequent
release of monetary data. © 1983 Butterworth & Co
(Publishers) Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0261-5606(83)80007-2},
Key = {fds238387}
}
@article{fds238418,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Price, output, and exchange rate movements in the open
economy},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-44},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1973 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Since the advent of managed floating it has come to be
accepted as a stylized fact that short-run deviations from
purchasing power parity are both substantial and persistent.
Two explanations of these deviations have been advanced in
the literature. One emphasizes the role of changes in
non-traded goods prices while the other views deviations
from purchasing power parity as being due to sticky goods
prices and slow adjustment of goods markets. This paper
presents yet a third possible explanation of deviations from
purchasing power parity - they may be necessary in order to
facilitate the relative price changes that are required to
maintain equilibrium in the face of unanticipated shocks. In
addition, the issue of exchange rate overshooting is
addressed. Whereas the sticky price models view exchange
rate overshooting and exchange rate volatility as symptoms
of some fundamental disequilibrium, the perspective taken
here is that these events are, in principle, compatible with
a world in which all markets clear continuously. ©
1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(83)90012-0},
Key = {fds238418}
}
@article{fds238419,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {The information content of the exchange rate and the
stability of real output under alternative exchange-rate
regimes},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-38},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0261-5606},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1969 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {When the exchange rate is flexible, and thus responds to
market forces, it provides agents with useful information,
while when it is fixed (by a feedback rule) it does not. The
implications of this asymmetry for the stability of real
output under the two regimes is discussed. It is shown that
whenever shocks are predominantly of one variety, or when
domestic monetary shocks accompanied by one real shock, a
flexible exchange rate does a better job of stabilizing real
output than does a fixed exchange rate. These results
undermine arguments favoring fixed exchange rates because
they 'discipline' monetary policy. In addition, it is
demonstrated that managed floating rules and exchange rate
feedback rules are irrelevant for the distribution of real
output. © 1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0261-5606(83)90004-9},
Key = {fds238419}
}
@misc{fds21024,
Author = {K.P. Kimbrough},
Title = {"Real Adjustment and Exchange Rate Dynamics:
Comment"},
Pages = {308-12},
Booktitle = {Exchange Rates and International Macroeconomics},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Jacob A. Frenkel},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds21024}
}
@article{fds238416,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Growth, relative prices, and exchange rates},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {137-143},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(82)90128-8},
Abstract = {Using the framework of the monetary (or asset market)
approach to the exchange rate it is demonstrated that if
growth alters relative prices the growing country's currency
may depreciate rather than appreciate as suggested by
Mundell. © 1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(82)90128-8},
Key = {fds238416}
}
@article{fds238417,
Author = {Kimbrough, KP},
Title = {Real disturbances, the current account, and the exchange
rate. The case of a tariff},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {291-300},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(82)90059-9},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effects of an unanticipated tariff
on the current account and the exchange rate. It is
demonstrated that if nontraded goods and importables are
substitutes (complements) in excess demand, the imposition
of a tariff will (may) lead to a current account surplus
(deficit) and an appreciation (depreciation) of the domestic
currency. The model can be extended to analyze the effects
of other real disturbances on the current account and the
exchange rate. © 1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(82)90059-9},
Key = {fds238417}
}
%% Kinsler, Joshua L.
@article{fds50239,
Author = {J.L. Kinsler},
Title = {Suspending the Right to an Education or Preserving It? A
Dynamic Equilibrium Model of Student Behavior, Achievement,
and Suspension},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~jlk24/paper7.pdf},
Key = {fds50239}
}
@article{fds50240,
Author = {J.L. Kinsler},
Title = {Racial Disparities in School Discipline: Racism or Rational
Choice?},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jlk24/discipline_draft12.pdf},
Key = {fds50240}
}
@article{fds50241,
Author = {J.L. Kinsler and P. Arcidiacono and G. Foster and N.
Goodpaster},
Title = {Estimating Spillovers in the Classroom with Panel
Data},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~jlk24/peerdraft20.pdf},
Key = {fds50241}
}
@article{fds50242,
Author = {J.L. Kinsler and N. Goodpaster},
Title = {Heterogenous Peer Effects in High School},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds50242}
}
%% Kozecke, Lindsey Eldred
@article{fds337008,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Robinson, PA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Advantageous Selection, Moral Hazard, and Insurer Sorting on
Risk in the U.S. Automobile Insurance Market.},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {85},
Number = {2},
Pages = {545-575},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jori.12170},
Abstract = {This study quantifies the role of private information in
automobile insurance policy choice using data on subjective
beliefs, risk preference, reckless driving, the respondent's
insurer and insurance policy characteristics merged with
insurer-specific quality ratings distributed by independent
organizations. We find a zero correlation between ex post
accident risk and insurance coverage, reflecting
advantageous selection in policy choice offset by moral
hazard. Advantageous selection is partly attributable to
insurer sorting on consumer attributes known and used by
insurers. Our analysis of insurer sorting reveals that
lower-risk drivers on attributes observed by insurers obtain
coverage from insurers with higher-quality
ratings.},
Doi = {10.1111/jori.12170},
Key = {fds337008}
}
@article{fds337009,
Author = {Eldred, L and Gifford, EJ},
Title = {Downstream effects of criminal justice involvement},
Journal = {Corrdocs},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-1},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds337009}
}
@article{fds337010,
Author = {Robinson, P and Sloan, F and Eldred, L},
Title = {Advantageous Selection, Moral Hazard, and Insurer Sorting on
Risk in the U.S. Automobile Insurance Market},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {85},
Number = {2},
Pages = {545-575},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds337010}
}
@article{fds337011,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Mccutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Prosecution, Conviction, and Deterrence in Child
Maltreatment Cases},
Journal = {Criminal Justice and Behavior},
Volume = {44},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1262-1280},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854817727795},
Doi = {10.1177/0093854817727795},
Key = {fds337011}
}
@article{fds325231,
Author = {Sloan, FA and McCutchan, SA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Perceived Risks of Legal
Consequences.},
Journal = {Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {432-442},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.13298},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:Driving while impaired (DWI) is a threat to
public health. Codified legal sanctions are a widely
implemented strategy to reduce DWI. However, it is unclear
that sanctioning affects individual risk perceptions so as
to deter alcohol-impaired driving. METHODS:Using survey data
collected from individual drivers, police, and defense
attorneys specializing in DWI in 8 U.S. cities, we
investigated whether risk perceptions about legal
consequences for alcohol-impaired driving, both the risk of
being stopped if driving while alcohol-impaired and
receiving specific penalties following a DWI, deter
alcohol-impaired driving. First, we analyzed how different
drivers' risk perceptions about being pulled over and facing
criminal sanctions related to their self-reported
alcohol-impaired driving in the year following the interview
at which risk perceptions were elicited. Second, using data
from an experimental module in which individual's risk
perceptions were randomly updated by the interview, we
analyzed how each driver's beliefs about his or her own
future alcohol-impaired driving responded to randomly
generated increases in the apprehension probability and
sanction magnitude. RESULTS:Higher probabilities as
estimated by the individuals of being pulled over
corresponded to less alcohol-impaired driving in both
analyses. Conversely, there was no statistical relationship
between perceptions of criminal sanctions for DWI and
alcohol-impaired driving with 1 exception-a small
significant negative relationship between duration of jail
time following a DWI conviction and alcohol-impaired
driving. CONCLUSIONS:Perceptions regarding the threat of
being apprehended for alcohol-impaired driving were related
to actual self-reported driving, while perceived sanctions
following a DWI conviction for DWI generally were unrelated
to either actual self-reported alcohol-impaired driving or
the person's estimate of probability that he or she would
drive while alcohol-impaired in the following year.
Increasing certainty of apprehension by increasing police
staffing and/or conducting sobriety checks is a more
effective strategy for reducing alcohol-impaired driving
than legislating increased penalties for
DWI.},
Doi = {10.1111/acer.13298},
Key = {fds325231}
}
@article{fds323888,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and McCutchan,
SA},
Title = {Does the probability of DWI arrest fall following
participation in DWI and hybrid drug treatment court
programs?},
Journal = {Accident; Analysis and Prevention},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {197-205},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.029},
Abstract = {Using North Carolina administrative data, this study
examined recidivism following participation in specialty
hybrid drug and driving while intoxicated (DWI) court
programs. Three court program participation levels were
considered-being referred to, enrolling in, and completing a
specialty court program. Measures of DWI recidivism were:
arrest and total number of arrests for DWI, and being
convicted of DWI during follow-up periods of two and,
alternatively, four years. Propensity score matching was
used to obtain comparable control groups. Using a four-year
follow-up, persons convicted of a DWI who completed a
specialty court program were associated with a greater
reduction in DWI re-arrests and re-convictions than did
matched individuals who were never referred to a specialty
court program. DWI courts were more effective in reducing
re-arrests than hybrid drug courts were. Although promising
from the vantage point of participants, few persons
convicted of a DWI were referred to either court type, thus
limiting this strategy's potential effectiveness in reducing
DWI.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.029},
Key = {fds323888}
}
@article{fds325232,
Author = {Eldred, LM and Gifford, EJ and McCutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Factors predicting prosecution of child maltreatment
cases},
Journal = {Children and Youth Services Review},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {201-205},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.025},
Doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.025},
Key = {fds325232}
}
@article{fds325233,
Author = {Sloan, F and Eldred, L and McCutchan, S and Platt,
A},
Title = {Deterring Rearrests for Drinking and Driving},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {83},
Number = {2},
Pages = {416-436},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/soej.12159},
Doi = {10.1002/soej.12159},
Key = {fds325233}
}
@article{fds325234,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Evans, KE and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Criminally Involved Parents Who Misuse Substances and
Children's Odds of Being Arrested as a Young Adult: Do Drug
Treatment Courts Mitigate the Risk?},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Family Studies},
Volume = {25},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2447-2457},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0406-9},
Abstract = {This paper examined (1) the association between parents who
are convicted of a substance-related offense and their
children's probability of being arrested as a young adult
and (2) whether or not parental participation in an adult
drug treatment court program mitigated this risk. The
analysis relied on state administrative data from North
Carolina courts (2005-2013) and from birth records
(1988-2003). The dependent variable was the probability that
a child was arrested as a young adult (16-21). Logistic
regression was used to compare groups and models accounted
for the clustering of multiple children with the same
mother. Findings revealed that children whose parents were
convicted on either a substance-related charge on a
non-substance-related charge had twice the odds of being
arrested as young adult, relative to children whose parents
had not been observed having a conviction. While a quarter
of children whose parents participated in a drug treatment
court program were arrested as young adults, parental
completion this program did not reduce this risk. In
conclusion, children whose parents were convicted had an
increased risk of being arrested as young adults,
irrespective of whether or not the conviction was on a
substance-related charge. However, drug treatment courts did
not reduce this risk. Reducing intergenerational links in
the probability of arrest remains a societal
challenge.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10826-016-0406-9},
Key = {fds325234}
}
@article{fds325235,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Sloan, FA and Evans,
KE},
Title = {Parental Criminal Justice Involvement and Children's
Involvement With Child Protective Services: Do Adult Drug
Treatment Courts Prevent Child Maltreatment?},
Journal = {Substance Use & Misuse},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-192},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2015.1089906},
Abstract = {In light of evidence showing reduced criminal recidivism and
cost savings, adult drug treatment courts have grown in
popularity. However, the potential spillover benefits to
family members are understudied.To examine: (1) the overlap
between parents who were convicted of a substance-related
offense and their children's involvement with child
protective services (CPS); and (2) whether parental
participation in an adult drug treatment court program
reduces children's risk for CPS involvement.Administrative
data from North Carolina courts, birth records, and social
services were linked at the child level. First, children of
parents convicted of a substance-related offense were
matched to (a) children of parents convicted of a
nonsubstance-related offense and (b) those not convicted of
any offense. Second, we compared children of parents who
completed a DTC program with children of parents who were
referred but did not enroll, who enrolled for <90 days but
did not complete, and who enrolled for 90+ days but did not
complete. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model
group differences in the odds of being reported to CPS in
the 1 to 3 years following parental criminal conviction or,
alternatively, being referred to a DTC program.Children of
parents convicted of a substance-related offense were at
greater risk of CPS involvement than children whose parents
were not convicted of any charge, but DTC participation did
not mitigate this risk. Conclusion/Importance: The role of
specialty courts as a strategy for reducing children's risk
of maltreatment should be further explored.},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2015.1089906},
Key = {fds325235}
}
@article{fds325236,
Author = {Eldred, LM and Gifford, EJ},
Title = {Empirical evidence on legal levers aimed at addressing child
maltreatment},
Journal = {Children and Youth Services Review},
Volume = {60},
Pages = {11-19},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.11.014},
Doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.11.014},
Key = {fds325236}
}
@article{fds325237,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Evans,
KE},
Title = {Intergenerational effects of parental substance-related
convictions and adult drug treatment court participation on
children's school performance.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {452-468},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ort0000087},
Abstract = {This study examined the intergenerational effects of
parental conviction of a substance-related charge on
children's academic performance and, conditional on a
conviction, whether completion of an adult drug treatment
court (DTC) program was associated with improved school
performance. State administrative data from North Carolina
courts, birth records, and school records were linked for
2005-2012. Math and reading end-of-grade test scores and
absenteeism were examined for 5 groups of children, those
with parents who: were not convicted on any criminal charge,
were convicted on a substance-related charge and not
referred by a court to a DTC, were referred to a DTC but did
not enroll, enrolled in a DTC but did not complete, and
completed a DTC program. Accounting for demographic and
socioeconomic factors, the school performance of children
whose parents were convicted of a substance-related offense
was worse than that of children whose parents were not
convicted on any charge. These differences were
statistically significant but substantially reduced after
controlling for socioeconomic characteristics; for example,
mother's educational attainment. We found no evidence that
parent participation in an adult DTC program led to improved
school performance of their children. While the children of
convicted parents fared worse on average, much--but not
all--of this difference was attributed to socioeconomic
factors, with the result that parental conviction remained a
risk factor for poorer school performance. Even though adult
DTCs have been shown to have other benefits, we could detect
no intergenerational benefit in improved school performance
of their children.},
Doi = {10.1037/ort0000087},
Key = {fds325237}
}
@article{fds325238,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Do preferences of drinker-drivers differ?},
Journal = {International Journal of Health Economics and
Management},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-268},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-015-9169-x},
Abstract = {Why people engage in illegal activities is not well
understood. Using data collected for this research from
eight cities in four states, this study investigates
alternative explanations as to why people drive while
intoxicated (DWI). We find that preferences and subjective
beliefs about arrest/incarceration of persons who drink and
drive do differ systematically from others in terms of
benefits and costs of drink and driving, and in their risk
tolerance. While most findings imply that DWI is a
deliberate choice, we do find that drinker drivers tend to
be more impulsive and lack self-control in their
drinking.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10754-015-9169-x},
Key = {fds325238}
}
@article{fds324522,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and McCutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {The effects of participation level on recidivism: a study of
drug treatment courts using propensity score
matching.},
Journal = {Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and
Policy},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {40},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-9-40},
Abstract = {Empirical evidence has suggested that drug treatment courts
(DTCs) reduce re-arrest rates. However, DTC program
completion rates are low and little is known about the
effectiveness of lower levels of program participation.We
examined how DTC program referral, enrollment without
completion, and completion, affected re-arrest rates during
a two-year follow-up.We used statewide North Carolina data
from criminal courts merged with DTC data. Propensity score
matching was used to select comparison groups based on
demographic characteristics, criminal histories, and drug of
choice (when available). Average treatment effects on the
treated were computed.DTC participation levels included
referral without enrollment, (n = 2,174), enrollment
without completion (n = 954), and completion (n = 747).
Recidivism measured as re-arrest on a substance-related
charge, on a violent offense charge not involving an
allegation of substance abuse, and on any charge (excluding
infractions) was examined by felony and misdemeanor status
during a two-year follow-up period.Re-arrest rates were
high, 53-76 percent. In general, re-arrest rates were
similar for individuals who were referred but who did not
enroll and a matched comparison group consisting of
individuals who were not referred. In contrast, enrollees
who did not complete had lower re-arrest rates than a
matched group of individuals who were referred but did not
enroll, for arrests on any charge, on any felony charge, and
on substance-related charges (felonies and misdemeanors).
Finally, relative to persons who enrolled but did not
complete, those who completed had lower re-arrest rates on
any charge, any felony charge, any misdemeanor charge, any
substance-related charge, any substance-related misdemeanor
or felony charge, and any violent felony charge.Enrolling in
a DTC, even without completing, reduced re-arrest rates.
Given the generally low DTC completion rate, this finding
implies that only examining effects of completion
underestimates the benefits of DTC programs.},
Doi = {10.1186/1747-597X-9-40},
Key = {fds324522}
}
@article{fds325240,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Davis, DV},
Title = {Addiction, drinking behavior, and driving under the
influence.},
Journal = {Substance Use & Misuse},
Volume = {49},
Number = {6},
Pages = {661-676},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.858167},
Abstract = {Using a survey of drinkers (N = 1,634), we evaluated
alternative explanations of heavy and binge drinking,
driving under the influence (DUI), DUI arrests, speeding
citations, and chargeable accidents. Explanations included
socializing, short-term decision-making, unrealistic
optimism, risk preferring behavior, and addiction. Most
consistent relationships were between substance use and
alcohol addiction and dependent variables for (1) binge
drinking and (2) DUI episodes. Respondent characteristics
(age, marital and employment status, race, etc.) had
important roles for DUI arrests. Drinker-drivers and those
arrested for DUI are partially overlapping groups with
implications for treatment and policies detecting and
incapacitating persons from drinking and
driving.},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2013.858167},
Key = {fds325240}
}
@article{fds325241,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Xu, Y},
Title = {The behavioral economics of drunk driving.},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {64-81},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.01.005},
Abstract = {This study investigates whether drinker-drivers attributes
are associated with imperfect rationality or irrationality.
Using data from eight U.S. cities, we determine whether
drinker-drivers differ from other drinkers in cognitive
ability, ignorance of driving while intoxicated (DWI) laws,
have higher rates of time preference, are time inconsistent,
and lack self-control on other measures. We find that
drinker-drivers are relatively knowledgeable about DWI laws
and do not differ on two of three study measures of
cognitive ability from other drinkers. Drinker-drivers are
less prone to plan events involving drinking, e.g.,
selecting a designated driver in advance of drinking, and
are more impulsive. Furthermore, we find evidence in support
of hyperbolic discounting. In particular, relative to
non-drinker-drivers, the difference between short- and
long-term discount rates is much higher for drinker-drivers
than for other drinkers. Implications of our findings for
public policy, including incapacitation, treatment, and
educational interventions, are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.01.005},
Key = {fds325241}
}
@article{fds325242,
Author = {Griffin, CL and Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {CORRECTIONS FOR RACIAL DISPARITIES IN LAW
ENFORCEMENT.},
Journal = {William and Mary Law Review},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1365-1427},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Much empirical analysis has documented racial disparities at
the beginning and end stages of a criminal case. However,
our understanding about the perpetuation of - and even
corrections for - differential outcomes as the process
unfolds remains less than complete. This Article provides a
comprehensive examination of criminal dispositions using all
DWI cases in North Carolina during the period 2001-2011,
focusing on several major decision points in the process.
Starting with pretrial hearings and culminating in
sentencing results, we track differences in outcomes by race
and gender. Before sentencing, significant gaps emerge in
the severity of pretrial release conditions that
disadvantage black and Hispanic defendants. Yet when
prosecutors decide whether to pursue charges, we observe an
initial correction mechanism: Hispanic men are almost
two-thirds more likely to have those charges dropped
relative to white men. Although few cases survive after the
plea bargaining stage, a second correction mechanism arises:
Hispanic men are substantially less likely to receive
harsher sentences and are sent to jail for significantly
less time relative to white men. The first mechanism is
based in part on prosecutors' reviewing the strength of the
evidence but much more on declining to invest scarce
resources in the pursuit of defendants who fail to appear
for trial. The second mechanism seems to follow more
directly from judicial discretion to reverse decisions made
by law enforcement. We discuss possible explanations for
these novel empirical results and review methods for more
precisely identifying causal mechanisms in criminal
justice.},
Key = {fds325242}
}
@article{fds325239,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Vernerey, A and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {How does family drug treatment court participation affect
child welfare outcomes?},
Journal = {Child Abuse & Neglect},
Volume = {38},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1659-1670},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.010},
Abstract = {© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Parental substance use is a risk
factor for child maltreatment. Family drug treatment courts
(FDTCs) have emerged in the United States as a policy option
to treat the underlying condition and promote family
preservation. This study examines the effectiveness of FDTCs
in North Carolina on child welfare outcomes. Data come from
North Carolina records from child protection services, court
system, and birth records. Three types of parental
participation in a FDTC are considered: referral, enrolling,
and completing an FDTC. The sample includes 566 children who
were placed into foster care and whose parents participated
in a FDTC program. Findings indicate that children of
parents who were referred but did not enroll or who enrolled
but did not complete had longer stays in foster care than
children of completers. Reunification rates for children of
completers were also higher. Outcomes for children in the
referred and enrolled groups did not differ in the
multivariate analyses. While effective substance use
treatment services for parents may help preserve families,
future research should examine factors for improving
participation and completion rates as well as factors
involved in scaling programs so that more families are
served.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.010},
Key = {fds325239}
}
@article{fds337012,
Author = {Nouri, K and Huber, D and Walch, K and Promberger, R and Buerkle, B and Ott, J and Tempfer, CB},
Title = {Fertility awareness among medical and non-medical students:
a case-control study},
Journal = {Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {94-94},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-12-94},
Doi = {10.1186/1477-7827-12-94},
Key = {fds337012}
}
@article{fds325243,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Guo, T and Xu, Y},
Title = {Are People Overoptimistic about the Effects of Heavy
Drinking?},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-127},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Abstract = {We test whether heavy or binge drinkers are overly
optimistic about probabilities of adverse consequences from
these activities or are relatively accurate about these
probabilities. Using data from a survey in eight cities, we
evaluate the relationship between subjective beliefs and
drinking. We assess accuracy of beliefs about several
outcomes of heavy/binge drinking: reduced longevity, liver
disease onset, link between alcohol consumption and Driving
While Intoxicated (DWI), probability of an accident after
drinking, accuracy of beliefs about encountering intoxicated
drivers on the road, and legal consequences of DWI-ranging
from being stopped to receiving fines and jail terms.
Overall, there is no empirical support for the optimism bias
hypothesis. We do find that persons consuming a lot of
alcohol tend to be more overconfident about their driving
abilities and ability to handle alcohol. However, such
overconfidence does not translate into over-optimism about
consequences of high levels of alcohol consumption.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Key = {fds325243}
}
@article{fds325244,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM and Davis, DV},
Title = {Race, gender, and risk perceptions of the legal consequences
of drinking and driving.},
Journal = {Journal of Safety Research},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {117-125},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2013.01.007},
Abstract = {This study investigated whether subjective beliefs about the
consequences of driving while intoxicated (DWI) differ by
race/gender.Beliefs affect driving behaviors and views of
police/judicial fairness. The researchers compared risk
perceptions of DWI using a survey of drinkers in eight
cities in four states with actual arrest and conviction
rates and fines from court data in the same cities.With
state arrest data as a benchmark, Black males were overly
pessimistic about being stopped, whether or not actual
drinking occurred, and attributed higher jail penalties to
DWI conviction. That Black males overestimated jail
sentences incurred by the general population suggests that
they did not attribute higher jail penalties to racial bias.
Arrest data did not reveal disparities in judicial outcomes
following DWI arrest.Blacks' subjective beliefs about DWI
consequences may reflect social experiences, which are not
jurisdiction- or crime-specific; this is a challenge to
policymakers aiming to deter DWI by changing statutes and
enforcement.If perception of bias exists despite no actual
bias, a change in enforcement policy would not be effective,
but a public relations campaign would be helpful in
realigning beliefs.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jsr.2013.01.007},
Key = {fds325244}
}
@article{fds325245,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM and Davis, DV and Acquah, K and Zold-Kilbourn,
P},
Title = {Effects of admission and treatment strategies of DWI courts
on offender outcomes.},
Journal = {Accident; Analysis and Prevention},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {112-120},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.033},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study is to classify DWI courts on the
basis of the mix of difficult cases participating in the
court (casemix severity) and the amount of involvement
between the court and participant (service intensity). Using
our classification typology, we assessed how casemix
severity and service intensity are associated with program
outcomes. We expected that holding other factors constant,
greater service intensity would improve program outcomes
while a relatively severe casemix would result in worse
program outcomes.The study used data from 8 DWI courts, 7
from Michigan and 1 from North Carolina. Using a 2-way
classification system based on court casemix severity and
program intensity, we selected participants in 1 of the
courts, and alternatively 2 courts as reference groups.
Reference group courts had relatively severe casemixes and
high service intensity. We used propensity score matching to
match participants in the other courts to participants in
the reference group court programs. Program outcome measures
were the probabilities of participants': failing to complete
the court's program; increasing educational attainment;
participants improving employment from time of program
enrollment; and re-arrest.For most outcomes, our main
finding was that higher service intensity is associated with
better outcomes for court participants, as anticipated, but
a court's casemix severity was unrelated to study
outcomes.Our results imply that devoting more resources to
increasing duration of treatment is productive in terms of
better outcomes, irrespective of the mix of participants in
the court's program.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.033},
Key = {fds325245}
}
@article{fds325246,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Platt, AC and Chepke, LM and Blevins,
CE},
Title = {Deterring domestic violence: Do criminal sanctions reduce
repeat offenses?},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-80},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-012-9159-z},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-012-9159-z},
Key = {fds325246}
}
@article{fds325247,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Acquah, KF and Blevins,
CE},
Title = {Do specialty courts achieve better outcomes for children in
foster care than general courts?},
Journal = {Evaluation Review},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-34},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x13487536},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the effects of unified family
and drug treatment courts (DTCs) on the resolution of cases
involving foster care children and the resulting effects on
school performance. METHOD: The first analytic step was to
assess the impacts of presence of unified and DTCs in North
Carolina counties on time children spent in foster care and
the type of placement at exit from foster care. In the
second step, the same data on foster care placements were
merged with school records for youth in Grades 3-8 in public
schools. The effect of children's time in foster care and
placement outcomes on school performance as measured by math
and reading tests, grade retention, and attendance was
assessed using child fixed-effects regression. RESULTS:
Children in counties with unified family courts experienced
shorter foster care spells and higher rates of reunification
with parents or primary caregivers. Shorter foster care
spells translated into improved school performance measured
by end-of-grade reading and math test scores. Adult DTCs
were associated with lower probability of reunification with
parents/primary caregivers. CONCLUSION: The shortened time
in foster care implies an efficiency gain attributable to
unified family courts, which translate into savings for the
court system through the use of fewer resources. Children
also benefit through shortened stays in temporary
placements, which are related to some improved educational
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1177/0193841x13487536},
Key = {fds325247}
}
@article{fds325248,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, L},
Title = {Litigation, Settlement, and the Public Welfare: Lessons from
the Master Settlement Agreement},
Journal = {Widener Law Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-226},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds325248}
}
@article{fds325249,
Author = {Sloan, F and Chepke, L},
Title = {From medical malpractice to quality assurance},
Journal = {Issues in Science and Technology},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {63-70},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Health care service providers in the US need to implementing
a proper a medical malpractice system that focuses on
compensating patients for medical errors and finding ways to
prevent these errors from occurring. The service providers
need to eliminate misconceptions about the problems
associated with the medical malpractice system, as a first
step toward solving real problems of medical errors and low
level of quality assurance. Steps can be taken, to
reconstruct the system aimed at improving the quality of
medical care, by giving medical professionals better
incentives, to deliver the services that people need. A
number of options exist, to reform the medical malpractice
system, such as enterprise insurance that has the potential
to provide the initiative for systematic
change.},
Key = {fds325249}
}
@book{fds337032,
Author = {Sloan, F and Chepke, L},
Title = {Medical Malpractice},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {9780262515160},
Key = {fds337032}
}
@article{fds325250,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM},
Title = {The Law and Economics of Public Health},
Journal = {Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {331-490},
Publisher = {Now Publishers},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0700000020},
Abstract = {The fundamental question addressed by this paper is whether
or not and the extent to which imposing tort liability on
potential injurers improves the public's health.
Conceptually, imposing the threat of litigation on potential
injurers gives them an incentive to exercise more care than
they would absent the threat. While the conclusion might
seem to be obvious at first glance, in reality, the
conclusion is far from obvious. For one, insurance coverage
may blunt incentives to take care. Also, the tort system may
operate far less perfectly than the theory would have it. In
the end, the question must be answered on the basis of
empirical evidence. © 2007 F. A. Sloan and L. M.
Chepke.},
Doi = {10.1561/0700000020},
Key = {fds325250}
}
%% Kramer, Randall
@article{fds364983,
Author = {Alves, CL and Garcia, OD and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Fisher perceptions of Belize's Managed Access program reveal
overall support but need for improved enforcement},
Journal = {Marine Policy},
Volume = {143},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105192},
Abstract = {A major challenge facing global fisheries is gaining support
for sustainable management, which is vital for ensuring the
longevity of coastal resources for livelihood and ecosystem
benefits. Territorial User Rights for Fishing (TURFs) have
emerged as a possible solution to overfishing by requiring
fishers to report their catch, color-code their vessels, and
fish in designated areas. Belize was the first country in
the Caribbean to implement TURFs — in a program called
“Managed Access” — with two pilot sites opening in
2011 and seven sites added in 2016. This study evaluates the
knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of fishers in the
Managed Access program, comparing responses between 2014 and
2019. We collaborated with the Belize Fisheries Department
and two local conservation organizations to administer
surveys to 362 fishers in 2014 and 123 fishers in 2019, from
ten communities in southern Belize. Overall, fishers in both
years understood the requirements for acquiring and renewing
their licenses, but in 2019, significantly more fishers
understood the logbook reporting requirement and the
benefits of having tenure rights than those in 2014. 69% of
respondents from 2019 support the program in the long run,
but 62% report observing illegal fishing behavior. These
data suggest a need to educate fishers about the benefits of
accurate catch reporting, improve enforcement, and develop
fisher empowerment programs, while also guiding management
decisions on a national scale. Although the Managed Access
program in Belize is fairly new, the lessons learned can be
applied to other small-scale fisheries contexts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105192},
Key = {fds364983}
}
@article{fds362175,
Author = {Kauffman, K and Werner, CS and Titcomb, G and Pender, M and Rabezara,
JY and Herrera, JP and Shapiro, JT and Solis, A and Soarimalala, V and Tortosa, P and Kramer, R and Moody, J and Mucha, PJ and Nunn,
C},
Title = {Comparing transmission potential networks based on social
network surveys, close contacts and environmental overlap in
rural Madagascar.},
Journal = {Journal of the Royal Society, Interface},
Volume = {19},
Number = {186},
Pages = {20210690},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0690},
Abstract = {Social and spatial network analysis is an important approach
for investigating infectious disease transmission,
especially for pathogens transmitted directly between
individuals or via environmental reservoirs. Given the
diversity of ways to construct networks, however, it remains
unclear how well networks constructed from different data
types effectively capture transmission potential. We used
empirical networks from a population in rural Madagascar to
compare social network survey and spatial data-based
networks of the same individuals. Close contact and
environmental pathogen transmission pathways were modelled
with the spatial data. We found that naming social partners
during the surveys predicted higher close-contact rates and
the proportion of environmental overlap on the spatial
data-based networks. The spatial networks captured many
strong and weak connections that were missed using social
network surveys alone. Across networks, we found weak
correlations among centrality measures (a proxy for
superspreading potential). We conclude that social network
surveys provide important scaffolding for understanding
disease transmission pathways but miss contact-specific
heterogeneities revealed by spatial data. Our analyses also
highlight that the superspreading potential of individuals
may vary across transmission modes. We provide detailed
methods to construct networks for close-contact transmission
pathogens when not all individuals simultaneously wear GPS
trackers.},
Doi = {10.1098/rsif.2021.0690},
Key = {fds362175}
}
@article{fds362176,
Author = {Herrera, JP and Rabezara, JY and Ravelomanantsoa, NAF and Metz, M and France, C and Owens, A and Pender, M and Nunn, CL and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Food insecurity related to agricultural practices and
household characteristics in rural communities of northeast
Madagascar.},
Journal = {Food Security},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1393-1405},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-021-01179-3},
Abstract = {Ending hunger and alleviating poverty are key goals for a
sustainable future. Food security is a constant challenge
for agrarian communities in low-income countries, especially
in Madagascar. We investigated agricultural practices,
household characteristics, and food security in northeast
Madagascar. We tested whether agricultural practices,
demographics, and socioeconomics in rural populations were
related to food security. Over 70% of respondents reported
times during the last three years during which food for the
household was insufficient, and the most frequently reported
cause was small land size (57%). The probability of food
insecurity decreased with increasing vanilla yield, rice
yield, and land size. There was an interaction effect
between land size and household size; larger families with
smaller land holdings had higher food insecurity, while
larger families with larger land had lower food insecurity.
Other socioeconomic and agricultural variables were not
significantly related to food insecurity, including material
wealth, education, crop diversity, and livestock ownership.
Our results highlight the high levels of food insecurity in
these communities and point to interventions that would
alleviate food stress. In particular, because current crop
and livestock diversity were low, agricultural
diversification could improve outputs and mitigate food
insecurity. Development of sustainable agricultural
intensification, including improving rice and vanilla
cultivation to raise yields on small land areas, would
likely have positive impacts on food security and
alleviating poverty. Increasing market access and off-farm
income, as well as improving policies related to land tenure
could also play valuable roles in mitigating challenges in
food security.<h4>Supplementary information</h4>The online
version contains supplementary material available at
10.1007/s12571-021-01179-3.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12571-021-01179-3},
Key = {fds362176}
}
@article{fds352673,
Author = {Berlin Rubin and N and Mboera, LEG and Lesser, A and Miranda, ML and Kramer, R},
Title = {Process Evaluation of a Community-Based Microbial
Larviciding Intervention for Malaria Control in Rural
Tanzania.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {17},
Number = {19},
Pages = {E7309},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197309},
Abstract = {Microbial larviciding can be an effective component of
integrated vector management malaria control schemes,
although it is not commonly implemented. Moreover, quality
control and evaluation of intervention activities are
essential to evaluate the potential of community-based
larviciding interventions. We conducted a process evaluation
of a larval source management intervention in rural Tanzania
where local staff were employed to apply microbial larvicide
to mosquito breeding habitats with the aim of long-term
reductions in malaria transmission. We developed a logic
model to guide the process evaluation and then established
quantitative indicators to measure intervention success.
Quantitative analysis of intervention reach, exposure, and
fidelity was performed to assess larvicide application, and
interviews with larviciding staff were reviewed to provide
context to quantitative results. Results indicate that the
intervention was successful in terms of reach, as staff
applied microbial larvicide at 80% of identified mosquito
breeding habitats. However, the dosage of larvicide applied
was sufficient to ensure larval elimination at only 26% of
sites, which does not meet the standard set for intervention
fidelity. We propose that insufficient training and protocol
adaptation, environment and resource issues, and human error
contributed to low larvicide application rates. This
demonstrates how several small, context-specific details in
sum can result in meaningful differences between
intervention blueprint and execution. These findings may
serve the design of other larval source management
interventions by demonstrating the value of additional
training, supervision, and measurement and evaluation of
protocol adherence.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph17197309},
Key = {fds352673}
}
@article{fds341554,
Author = {Khandekar, E and Kramer, R and Ali, AS and Al-Mafazy, A-W and Egger, JR and LeGrand, S and Mkali, HR and McKay, M and Ngondi,
JM},
Title = {Evaluating Response Time in Zanzibar's Malaria Elimination
Case-Based Surveillance-Response System.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-263},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0546},
Abstract = {As countries transition toward malaria elimination, malaria
programs rely on surveillance-response systems, which are
often supported by web- and mobile phone-based reporting
tools. Such surveillance-response systems are interventions
for elimination, making it important to determine if they
are operating optimally. A metric to measure this by is
timeliness. This study used a mixed-methods approach to
investigate the response time of Zanzibar's malaria
elimination surveillance-response system, Malaria Case
Notification (MCN). MCN conducts both passive and reactive
case detection, supported by a mobile phone-based reporting
tool called Coconut Surveillance. Using data obtained from
RTI International and the Zanzibar Malaria Elimination
Program (ZAMEP), analysis of summary statistics was
conducted to investigate the association of response time
with geography, and time series techniques were used to
investigate trends in response time and its association with
the number of reported cases. Results indicated that
response time varied by the district in Zanzibar (0.6-6.05
days) and that it was not associated with calendar time or
the number of reported cases. Survey responses and focus
groups with a cadre of health workers, district malaria
surveillance officers, shed light on operational challenges
faced during case investigation, such as incomplete health
records and transportation issues, which stem from
deficiencies in aspects of ZAMEP's program management. These
findings illustrate that timely response for malaria
elimination depends on effective program management, despite
the automation of web-based or mobile phone-based tools. For
surveillance-response systems to work optimally, malaria
programs should ensure that optimal management practices are
in place.},
Doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.17-0546},
Key = {fds341554}
}
@article{fds332061,
Author = {Cole, J and McDonald, J and Wen, X and Kramer, R},
Title = {Marketing energy efficiency: perceived benefits and barriers
to home energy efficiency},
Journal = {Energy Efficiency},
Volume = {11},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1811-1824},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-018-9614-z},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency contributes significantly to the reduction
of greenhouse gas emissions and the associated mitigation of
climate change. The uptake of energy efficiency measures in
the residential sector requires significant effort on the
part of homeowners or residents. Past research has revealed
that cost savings and social interaction motivate energy
efficiency behavior. This study expands on this research by
examining the hypothesis that there are regional differences
in what motivates individuals to implement home energy
efficiency upgrades. Two surveys (N = 320 and N = 423)
examine the perceived benefits of and barriers to
undertaking home energy efficiency improvements in varying
geographic regions across the USA and test marketing
materials that target these benefits and barriers. The
hypothesis that there are regional differences in
perceptions of energy efficiency was confirmed. Cost savings
were found to be the most important benefit to individuals
across the country. Energy efficiency being a good
investment is either the second or third most important
benefit across all regions. Increased comfort is the last of
the top three most important benefits to those in the South
and Midwest, while those in the Northeast demonstrated
interest in the increase in home retail value associated
with energy efficiency, and those in the West found the
environmental benefits to be important. High costs of energy
efficiency improvements were found to be the most commonly
perceived barrier. Reported likelihood to enroll in a home
energy efficiency program offered by one’s employer was
predicted by perceived likelihood that coworkers would
enroll, income level, and personal opinions about the
importance of energy efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12053-018-9614-z},
Key = {fds332061}
}
@article{fds347670,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Mercer, DE},
Title = {Valuing a global environmental good: U.S. residents’
willingness to pay to protect tropical rain
forests},
Pages = {275-289},
Booktitle = {The Stated Preference Approach to Environmental Valuation:
Volume III: Applications: Benefit-Cost Analysis and Natural
Resource Damage Assessment},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780754623342},
Abstract = {Although contingent valuation (CV) is the most common
technique for valuing nonmarket environmental resources,
rarely has it been applied to global environmental goods.
This study uses CV in a national survey to assess the value
U.S. residents place on tropical rain forest protection. On
average, respondents were willing to make a onetime payment
of approximately $21-31 per household to protect an
additional 5 percent of tropical forests. Although
respondents were able to give consistent responses across
two different CV formats, focus groups were unwilling or
unable to allocate their aggregate rainforest valuations
across or among regions or specific rain forests. (JEL
023).},
Key = {fds347670}
}
@article{fds350233,
Author = {Parks, PJ and Kramer, RA},
Title = {A policy simulation of the wetlands reserve
program},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {305-322},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Agri-Environmental Policy},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780815397694},
Abstract = {Farmer participation in wetlands restoration practices is
explained using land benefits, land attributes, and owner
attributes. The probability of participation is estimated
using county-level data, and used to calculate the expected
acreage restored. National restored wetlands reserves are
simulated by sorting counties on government cost and
enrolling acreage into the reserve until the acreage target
is reached. Total government cost for a million-acre reserve
ranges from $1736 million to $1869 million, depending on the
administrative strategy used. Using estimated participation
rates in place of hypothetical rates suggests that achieving
acreage targets may be more expensive than previously
thought.},
Key = {fds350233}
}
@article{fds327667,
Author = {Simmons, RA and Mboera, L and Miranda, ML and Morris, A and Stresman, G and Turner, EL and Kramer, R and Drakeley, C and O'Meara,
WP},
Title = {A longitudinal cohort study of malaria exposure and changing
serostatus in a malaria endemic area of rural
Tanzania.},
Journal = {Malaria Journal},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {309},
Publisher = {BioMed Central},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1945-2},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Measurements of anti-malarial antibodies are
increasingly used as a proxy of transmission intensity. Most
serological surveys are based on the use of cross-sectional
data that, when age-stratified, approximates historical
patterns of transmission within a population. Comparatively
few studies leverage longitudinal data to explicitly relate
individual infection events with subsequent antibody
responses. METHODS: The occurrence of seroconversion and
seroreversion events for two Plasmodium falciparum asexual
stage antigens (MSP-1 and AMA-1) was examined using three
annual measurements of 691 individuals from a cohort of
individuals in a malaria-endemic area of rural east-central
Tanzania. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were
employed to determine factors associated with changes in
serostatus over time. RESULTS: While the expected
population-level relationship between seroprevalence and
disease incidence was observed, on an individual level the
relationship between individual infections and the antibody
response was complex. MSP-1 antibody responses were more
dynamic in response to the occurrence and resolution of
infection events than AMA-1, while the latter was more
correlated with consecutive infections. The MSP-1 antibody
response to an observed infection seemed to decay faster
over time than the corresponding AMA-1 response.
Surprisingly, there was no evidence of an age effect on the
occurrence of a conversion or reversion event. CONCLUSIONS:
While the population-level results concur with previously
published sero-epidemiological surveys, the individual-level
results highlight the more complex relationship between
detected infections and antibody dynamics than can be
analysed using cross-sectional data. The longitudinal
analysis of serological data may provide a powerful tool for
teasing apart the complex relationship between infection
events and the corresponding immune response, thereby
improving the ability to rapidly assess the success or
failure of malaria control programmes.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12936-017-1945-2},
Key = {fds327667}
}
@article{fds326933,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Kramer, RA and Brown, ZS and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Spatial patterns of market participation and resource
extraction: Fuelwood collection in Northern
Uganda},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1008-1026},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Abstract = {While distance to markets is a key determinant of market
participation for households that are dependent on natural
resources, the distance to the resource stock is also
essential. Thus, a household's location with respect to
markets and the resource stock determines household market
participation and associated resource degradation. Applying
a discrete-choice framework for fuelwood collection in a
developing country, we characterize the spatial pattern of
market participation regimes and forest use. All else being
equal, autarkic households are closest to the forest and
furthest from the market, buyer households are closest to
the market and furthest from the forest, and seller
households are at intermediate distances. Empirical tests
based on survey data from northern Uganda support the
predictions from our theoretical model. Our findings have
important implications for understanding the spatial
patterns of forest degradation and determining the control
group when designing impact evaluations of the effectiveness
of development and conservation interventions.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Key = {fds326933}
}
@article{fds326623,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Kramer, RA and Vincent, JR},
Title = {Ecosystem change and human health: implementation economics
and policy.},
Journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Series B, Biological Sciences},
Volume = {372},
Number = {1722},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0130},
Abstract = {Several recent initiatives such as Planetary Health,
EcoHealth and One Health claim that human health depends on
flourishing natural ecosystems. However, little has been
said about the operational and implementation challenges of
health-oriented conservation actions on the ground. We
contend that ecological-epidemiological research must be
complemented by a form of implementation science that
examines: (i) the links between specific conservation
actions and the resulting ecological changes, and (ii) how
this ecological change impacts human health and well-being,
when human behaviours are considered. Drawing on the policy
evaluation tradition in public economics, first, we present
three examples of recent social science research on
conservation interventions that affect human health. These
examples are from low- and middle-income countries in the
tropics and subtropics. Second, drawing on these examples,
we present three propositions related to impact evaluation
and non-market valuation that can help guide future
multidisciplinary research on conservation and human health.
Research guided by these propositions will allow
stakeholders to determine how ecosystem-mediated strategies
for health promotion compare with more conventional
biomedical prevention and treatment strategies for
safeguarding health.This article is part of the themed issue
'Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease:
scientific evidence and policy implications'.},
Doi = {10.1098/rstb.2016.0130},
Key = {fds326623}
}
@article{fds326954,
Author = {Brown, ZS and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Preference Heterogeneity in the Structural Estimation of
Efficient Pigovian Incentives for Insecticide Spraying to
Reduce Malaria},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-190},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-017-0115-x},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-017-0115-x},
Key = {fds326954}
}
@article{fds329357,
Author = {Bartlett, JA and Cao, S and Mmbaga, B and Qian, X and Merson, M and Kramer,
R},
Title = {Partnership Conference.},
Journal = {Annals of Global Health},
Volume = {83},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {630-636},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2017.08.002},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Duke Global Health Institute (DGHI) was
founded in 2006 with a goal to foster interdisciplinary
global health education and research across Duke University
and Duke Medical Center. Critical to achieving this goal is
the need to develop and sustain strong international
partnerships. OBJECTIVE: To host a conference with multiple
international partners and strengthen existing
relationships. METHODS: After a deliberate year-long
planning process, DGHI convened a Partnership Conference
with its international partners on the Duke University
campus in conjunction with its 10th Anniversary Celebration.
The Partnership Conference sought to promote an exchange of
novel ideas in support of global health education and
research, explore new collaborations in South-South
relationships, and identify and facilitate pursuit of new
educational and research opportunities. FINDINGS: A total of
25 partners from 10 countries and 46 DGHI faculty members
participated in the 3-day event in October 2016. Activities
included workshops on preselected research topics,
educational symposia on novel teaching methods and
harnessing technological advances, introduction of the
Health Humanities Laboratory to prepare students and
trainees for fieldwork, and discussions of research
infrastructure and training needs. Surveys from visiting
partners revealed a high degree of satisfaction. Proposed
action items include methods to realize improved
communications, enhancement of mutual education
opportunities, support and mentoring to build local research
capacity, and more exchange of faculty and students between
partnering institutions. CONCLUSIONS: With careful planning
from all parties, a multilateral partnership conference
including both university and medical center faculty can be
a productive forum for exchange on global health education
and research. Sustaining such partnerships is vital to the
success of global health scholarship.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.aogh.2017.08.002},
Key = {fds329357}
}
@article{fds322086,
Author = {Rahman, R and Lesser, A and Mboera, L and Kramer,
R},
Title = {Cost of microbial larviciding for malaria control in rural
Tanzania.},
Journal = {Tropical Medicine & International Health : Tm &
Ih},
Volume = {21},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1468-1475},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12767},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>Microbial larviciding may be a potential
supplement to conventional malaria vector control measures,
but scant information on its relative implementation costs
and effectiveness, especially in rural areas, is an
impediment to expanding its uptake. We perform a costing
analysis of a seasonal microbial larviciding programme in
rural Tanzania.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated the financial
and economic costs from the perspective of the public
provider of a 3-month, community-based larviciding
intervention implemented in twelve villages in the Mvomero
District of Tanzania in 2012-2013. Cost data were collected
from financial reports and invoices and through discussion
with programme administrators. Sensitivity analysis explored
the robustness of our results to varying key
parameters.<h4>Results</h4>Over the 2-year study period,
approximately 6873 breeding sites were treated with
larvicide. The average annual economic costs of the
larviciding intervention in rural Tanzania are estimated at
2014 US$ 1.44 per person protected per year (pppy), US$ 6.18
per household and US$ 4481.88 per village, with the
larvicide and staffing accounting for 14% and 58% of total
costs, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We found the costs
pppy of implementing a seasonal larviciding programme in
rural Tanzania to be comparable to the costs of other
larviciding programmes in urban Tanzania and rural Kenya.
Further research should evaluate the cost-effectiveness of
larviciding relative to, and in combination with, other
vector control strategies in rural settings.},
Doi = {10.1111/tmi.12767},
Key = {fds322086}
}
@article{fds319294,
Author = {Zachary S. Brown, and Randall A. Kramer, and David Ocan, and Christine Oryema},
Title = {Household perceptions and subjective valuations of indoor
residual spraying programmes to control malaria in northern
Uganda},
Journal = {Infectious Diseases of Poverty},
Volume = {5},
Number = {100},
Pages = {100-113},
Publisher = {BioMed Central},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-016-0190-1},
Abstract = {Insecticide-based tools remain critical for controlling
vector-borne diseases in Uganda. Securing public support
from targeted populations for such tools is an important
component in sustaining their long-run effectiveness. Yet
little quantitative evidence is available on the perceived
benefits and costs of vector control programmes among
targeted households.A survey was administered to a clustered
random sample of 612 households in Gulu and Oyam districts
of northern Uganda during a period of very high malaria
transmission and following a pilot indoor residual spray
(IRS) programme. A discrete choice experiment was conducted
within the survey, in which respondents indicated their
preferences for different IRS programmes relative to money
compensation in a series of experimentally controlled,
hypothetical choice sets. The data were analysed using
conditional logit regression models to estimate respondents'
willingness to accept (WTA) some amount of money
compensation in lieu of foregone malaria risk reductions.
Latent class models were used to analyse whether respondent
characteristics predicted WTA.Average WTA is estimated at
$8.94 annually for a 10 % reduction in malaria risk, and
additional co-benefits of IRS were estimated to be worth on
average $54-$56 (depending on insecticide type) per round of
IRS. Significant heterogeneity is observed: Four in five
household heads in northern Uganda have high valuations for
IRS programmes, while the remaining 20 % experience costly
side effects of IRS (valued at between $2 and $3 per round).
Statistically significant predictors of belonging to the
high-value group include respondent gender, mean age of
household members, participation in previous IRS, basic
knowledge of mosquito reproduction, and the number of
mosquito nets owned. Proxies for household income and wealth
are not found to be statistically significant predictors of
WTA.This study suggests that the majority of people in areas
of high malaria transmission like northern Uganda place a
high value on vector control programmes using IRS. However,
there is significant heterogeneity in terms of the perceived
side effects (positive and negative). This has implications
for sustaining public support for these programmes in the
long-term.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40249-016-0190-1},
Key = {fds319294}
}
@article{fds322087,
Author = {Wiener, J and Kim, D and Kramer, R and Miranda, M and Anderson, R and Mutero, C and Brown, Z},
Title = {The Value of Information in Decision-Analytic Modeling for
Malaria Vector Control in East Africa},
Journal = {Risk Analysis},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds322087}
}
@article{fds322263,
Author = {Roady, S and McDonald, S and Lewison, R and Kramer, R and Rigling-Gallagher, D and Read, A},
Title = {Comparing Stakeholder Perceptions With Empirical Outcomes
From Negotiated Rulemaking Policies: Is Participant
Satisfaction a Proxy for Policy Success?},
Journal = {Marine Policy},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {224-230},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.08.013},
Abstract = {© 2016 Elsevier Ltd Evaluation of natural resource
management policies often is made difficult by lack of
robust or long-term data on the resource. In the absence of
empirical data, natural resource policy evaluation may rely
on expert or stakeholder perception of success as a proxy,
particularly in the context of policies that depend on
multi-stakeholder engagement or negotiated rulemaking.
However, few formal evaluations have compared empirical
ecological outcomes with stakeholder perception. This study
compares stakeholder perceptions of policy outcomes with
ecological outcomes from a long-term, ecological dataset as
part of the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act's Take
Reduction Planning process. Structural Equation Models
revealed that stakeholder perceptions were significantly and
positively related to positive ecological outcomes. Also,
perceived success and ecological performance rankings of the
Take Reduction Plans were comparable for three of the five
plans examined. This analysis suggests that for this
particular policy instrument, stakeholder perception aligns
well with ecological outcomes, and this positive
relationship is likely the result of a commitment and
support for stakeholder education and engagement. However,
even within a single policy analysis, there was variability
suggesting that the relationship between stakeholder
perceptions and policy outcomes must continue to be
evaluated. This study suggests that stakeholder perception
can be an accurate reflection of ecological outcomes, but
not necessarily a predictor of them.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2016.08.013},
Key = {fds322263}
}
@article{fds304076,
Author = {Mboera, LEG and Mazigo, HD and Rumisha, SF and Kramer,
R},
Title = {Towards Malaria Elimination and its Implication for Vector
Control, Disease Management and Livelihoods in
Tanzania},
Journal = {Malaria World Journal},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {1-1},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds304076}
}
@article{fds266759,
Author = {Paul, C and Kramer, R and Lesser, A and Mutero, C and Miranda, ML and Dickinson, K},
Title = {Identifying barriers in the malaria control policymaking
process in East Africa: insights from stakeholders and a
structured literature review.},
Journal = {Bmc Public Health},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {862-870},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2183-6},
Abstract = {The complexity of malaria and public health policy responses
presents social, financial, cultural, and institutional
barriers to policymaking at multiple stages in the policy
process. These barriers reduce the effectiveness of health
policy in achieving national goals.We conducted a structured
literature review to characterize malaria policy barriers,
and we engaged stakeholders through surveys and workshops in
Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. We compared common barriers
presented in the scientific literature to barriers reported
by malaria policy stakeholders.The barriers identified in
the structured literature review differ from those described
in policymaker surveys. The malaria policy literature
emphasizes barriers in the implementation stage of
policymaking such as those posed by health systems and
specific intervention tools. Stakeholder responses placed
greater emphasis on the political nature of policymaking,
the disconnect between research and policymaking, and the
need for better intersectoral collaboration.Identifying
barriers to effective malaria control activities provides
opportunities to improve health and other outcomes. Such
barriers can occur at multiple stages and scales. Employing
a stakeholder - designed decision tool framework has the
potential to improve existing policies and ultimately the
functioning of malaria related institutions. Furthermore,
improved coordination between malaria research and
policymaking would improve the quality and efficiency of
interventions leading to better population
health.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12889-015-2183-6},
Key = {fds266759}
}
@article{fds266761,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Lesser, A},
Title = {Sustaining the gains made in malaria control and
elimination.},
Journal = {Infectious Diseases of Poverty},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {26-28},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-015-0057-x},
Abstract = {Significant progress has been made in the last 25 years to
reduce the malaria burden, but considerable challenges
remain. These gains have resulted from large investments in
a range of control measures targeting malaria. Fana and
co-authors find a strong relationship between education
level and net usage with malaria parasitemia in pregnant
women, suggesting the need for targeted control strategies.
Mayala and co-workers find important links between
agriculture and malaria with implications for inter-sectoral
collaboration for malaria control.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40249-015-0057-x},
Key = {fds266761}
}
@article{fds266757,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Lesser, A},
Title = {Sustaining the gains made in malaria control and
elimination},
Journal = {Infectious Diseases of Poverty},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {2049-9957},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-015-0057-x},
Abstract = {© 2015 Kramer and Lesser; licensee BioMed
Central.Significant progress has been made in the last 25
years to reduce the malaria burden, but considerable
challenges remain. These gains have resulted from large
investments in a range of control measures targeting
malaria. Fana and co-authors find a strong relationship
between education level and net usage with malaria
parasitemia in pregnant women, suggesting the need for
targeted control strategies. Mayala and co-workers find
important links between agriculture and malaria with
implications for inter-sectoral collaboration for malaria
control.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40249-015-0057-x},
Key = {fds266757}
}
@book{fds310025,
Title = {Malaria Control and Elimination Program in the People's
Republic of China},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {1-360},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Zhou, XN and Kramer, R and Yang, WZ},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780128008690},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Key = {fds310025}
}
@article{fds266763,
Author = {Kramer, R and Xia, ZG and Zhang, L and Feng, J and Li, M and Feng, XY and Tang, LH and Wang, SQ and Yang, HL and Gao, Q and Ernest, T and Yap, P and Zhou, XN},
Title = {Lessons from Malaria Control to Elimination: Case Study in
Hainan and Yunnan Provinces},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {1-360},
Booktitle = {Malaria Control and Elimination Program in the People's
Republic of China},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Zhou, XN and Kramer, R and Yang, WZ},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Key = {fds266763}
}
@article{fds266764,
Author = {Xia, ZG and Zhang, L and Feng, J and Li, M and Feng, XY and Tang, LH and Wang,
SQ and Yang, HL and Gao, Q and Kramer, R and Ernest, T and Yap, P and Zhou,
XN},
Title = {Feasibility and Roadmap Analysis for Malaria Elimination in
China},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {1-360},
Booktitle = {Malaria Control and Elimination Program in the People's
Republic of China},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Zhou, XN and Kramer, R and Yang, WZ},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.12001-3},
Key = {fds266764}
}
@article{fds266760,
Author = {Kramer, RANDALL and Lesser, A and Jenkins, A},
Title = {The Role of Ecosystem Service Payments in Achieving
Conservation Goals: Attitudes Among Farm
Operators},
Pages = {395-412},
Booktitle = {Valuing Ecosystem Services - Methodological Issues and Case
Studies},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Editor = {Ninan, KN},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {1781955166},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781955161.00032},
Abstract = {This thought provoking book draws together prominent
international authorities to discuss the key methodological
issues and challenges in valuing ecosystem
services.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781781955161.00032},
Key = {fds266760}
}
@article{fds266765,
Author = {Mutero, CM and Kramer, RA and Paul, C. and Lesser, A and Miranda, ML and Mboera, LEG and Kiptui, R and Kabatereine, N and Ameneshewa,
B},
Title = {Factors influencing malaria control policy-making in Kenya,
Uganda and Tanzania},
Journal = {Malaria Journal},
Volume = {13},
Number = {305},
Pages = {305-405},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9480 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Policy decisions for malaria control are
often difficult to make as decision-makers have to carefully
consider an array of options and respond to the needs of a
large number of stakeholders. This study assessed the
factors and specific objectives that influence malaria
control policy decisions, as a crucial first step towards
developing an inclusive malaria decision analysis support
tool (MDAST).<h4>Methods</h4>Country-specific stakeholder
engagement activities using structured questionnaires were
carried out in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The survey
respondents were drawn from a non-random purposeful sample
of stakeholders, targeting individuals in ministries and
non-governmental organizations whose policy decisions and
actions are likely to have an impact on the status of
malaria. Summary statistics across the three countries are
presented in aggregate.<h4>Results</h4>Important findings
aggregated across countries included a belief that donor
preferences and agendas were exerting too much influence on
malaria policies in the countries. Respondents on average
also thought that some relevant objectives such as engaging
members of parliament by the agency responsible for malaria
control in a particular country were not being given enough
consideration in malaria decision-making. Factors found to
influence decisions regarding specific malaria control
strategies included donor agendas, costs, effectiveness of
interventions, health and environmental impacts, compliance
and/acceptance, financial sustainability, and vector
resistance to insecticides.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Malaria
control decision-makers in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania take
into account health and environmental impacts as well as
cost implications of different intervention strategies.
Further engagement of government legislators and other
policy makers is needed in order to increase funding from
domestic sources, reduce donor dependence, sustain
interventions and consolidate current gains in
malaria.},
Doi = {10.1186/1475-2875-13-305},
Key = {fds266765}
}
@article{fds366453,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Mboera, LEG and Senkoro, K and Lesser, A and Shayo, EH and Paul, CJ and Miranda, ML},
Title = {A randomized longitudinal factorial design to assess malaria
vector control and disease management interventions in rural
Tanzania.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {5317-5332},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505317},
Abstract = {The optimization of malaria control strategies is
complicated by constraints posed by local health systems,
infrastructure, limited resources, and the complex
interactions between infection, disease, and treatment. The
purpose of this paper is to describe the protocol of a
randomized factorial study designed to address this research
gap. This project will evaluate two malaria control
interventions in Mvomero District, Tanzania: (1) a disease
management strategy involving early detection and treatment
by community health workers using rapid diagnostic
technology; and (2) vector control through
community-supported larviciding. Six study villages were
assigned to each of four groups (control, early detection
and treatment, larviciding, and early detection and
treatment plus larviciding). The primary endpoint of
interest was change in malaria infection prevalence across
the intervention groups measured during annual longitudinal
cross-sectional surveys. Recurring entomological surveying,
household surveying, and focus group discussions will
provide additional valuable insights. At baseline, 962
households across all 24 villages participated in a
household survey; 2,884 members from 720 of these households
participated in subsequent malariometric surveying. The
study design will allow us to estimate the effect sizes of
different intervention mixtures. Careful documentation of
our study protocol may also serve other researchers
designing field-based intervention trials.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph110505317},
Key = {fds366453}
}
@article{fds266755,
Author = {Xia, Z-G and Zhang, L and Feng, J and Li, M and Feng, X-Y and Tang, L-H and Wang, S-Q and Yang, H-L and Gao, Q and Kramer, R and Ernest, T and Yap, P and Zhou, X-N},
Title = {Lessons from malaria control to elimination: case study in
Hainan and Yunnan provinces.},
Journal = {Advances in Parasitology},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {47-79},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0065-308X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00003-2},
Abstract = {Reduction patterns of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax
malaria transmission and the role of an integrated strategy
of case management and vector control are compared between
different ecological zones. The epidemiology of malaria in
Hainan and Yunnan provinces was disparate, even though
distinct malaria control strategies have been adapted to
different situations based on risk group, vector behaviours,
local health infrastructure, and environmental conditions.
The island Hainan appears to be victorious in eliminating
malaria. However, there is still a long way to go to prevent
the reintroduction of malaria in Hainan province and
eliminating malaria in the border areas of Yunnan province.
This review of the experiences and challenges from malaria
control to elimination in Hainan and Yunnan provinces of
southern China will provide a basis for the future
elimination of malaria in the whole country.},
Doi = {10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00003-2},
Key = {fds266755}
}
@article{fds266756,
Author = {Zhou, X-N and Xia, Z-G and Wang, R-B and Qian, Y-J and Zhou, S-S and Utzinger, J and Tanner, M and Kramer, R and Yang,
W-Z},
Title = {Feasibility and roadmap analysis for malaria elimination in
China.},
Journal = {Advances in Parasitology},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {21-46},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0065-308X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00002-0},
Abstract = {To understand the current status of the malaria control
programme at the county level in accordance with the
criteria of the World Health Organisation, the gaps and
feasibility of malaria elimination at the county and
national levels were analysed based on three kinds of
indicators: transmission capacity, capacity of the
professional team, and the intensity of intervention.
Finally, a roadmap for national malaria elimination in the
People's Republic of China is proposed based on the results
of a feasibility assessment at the national
level.},
Doi = {10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00002-0},
Key = {fds266756}
}
@article{fds266754,
Author = {Kramer, R and Xiao, N and Zhou, X-N},
Title = {Preface. Malaria control and elimination programme in the
People’s Republic of China.},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {xvii-xxi},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0121533522},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.22001-5},
Doi = {10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.22001-5},
Key = {fds266754}
}
@article{fds266753,
Author = {Kramer, R and Xiao, N and Zhou, X-N},
Title = {Preface. Malaria control and elimination programme in the
People’s Republic of China},
Journal = {Advances in Parasitology},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {xvii-xxi},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0065-308X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.22001-5},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.22001-5},
Key = {fds266753}
}
@article{fds266766,
Author = {Kramer, Randall and Mboera, Leonard E.G. and Senkoro, Kesheni and Lesser, Adriane and Shayo, Elizabeth H. and Paul,
Christopher J., and Miranda, Marie L.},
Title = {A Randomized Longitudinal Factorial Design to Assess Malaria
Vector Control and Disease Management Interventions in Rural
Tanzania},
Journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {5317-5332},
Publisher = {MDPI},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9537 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The optimization of malaria control strategies is
complicated by constraints posed by local health systems,
infrastructure, limited resources, and the complex
interactions between infection, disease, and treatment. The
purpose of this paper is to describe the protocol of a
randomized factorial study designed to address this research
gap. This project will evaluate two malaria control
interventions in Mvomero District, Tanzania: (1) a disease
management strategy involving early detection and treatment
by community health workers using rapid diagnostic
technology; and (2) vector control through
community-supported larviciding. Six study villages were
assigned to each of four groups (control, early detection
and treatment, larviciding, and early detection and
treatment plus larviciding). The primary endpoint of
interest was change in malaria infection prevalence across
the intervention groups measured during annual longitudinal
cross-sectional surveys. Recurring entomological surveying,
household surveying, and focus group discussions will
provide additional valuable insights. At baseline, 962
households across all 24 villages participated in a
household survey; 2,884 members from 720 of these households
participated in subsequent malariometric surveying. The
study design will allow us to estimate the effect sizes of
different intervention mixtures. Careful documentation of
our study protocol may also serve other researchers
designing field-based intervention trials.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph110505137},
Key = {fds266766}
}
@article{fds266767,
Author = {Mboera, L.E.G. and Kramer, R.A. and Miranda, M.L. and Kilima,
S.P., and Shayo, E.H. and Lesser, A},
Title = {Community Knowledge and Acceptance of Larviciding for
Malaria Control in a Rural District of East-Central
Tanzania},
Journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {5137-5154},
Publisher = {MDPI AG},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9538 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The use of microbial larvicides, a form of larval source
management, is a less commonly used malaria control
intervention that nonetheless has significant potential as a
component of an integrated vector management strategy. We
evaluated community acceptability of larviciding in a rural
district in east-central Tanzania using data from 962
household surveys, 12 focus group discussions, and 24
in-depth interviews. Most survey respondents trusted in the
safety (73.1%) and efficacy of larviciding, both with
regards to mosquito control (92.3%) and to reduce malaria
infection risk (91.9%). Probing these perceptions using a
Likert scale provides a more detailed picture. Focus group
participants and key informants were also receptive to
larviciding, but stressed the importance of sensitization
before its implementation. Overall, 73.4% of survey
respondents expressed a willingness to make a nominal
household contribution to a larviciding program, a
proportion which decreased as the proposed contribution
increased. The lower-bound mean willingness to pay is
estimated at 2,934 Tanzanian Shillings (approximately
US$1.76) per three month period. We present a multivariate
probit regression analysis examining factors associated with
willingness to pay. Overall, our findings point to a
receptive environment in a rural setting in Tanzania for the
use of microbial larvicides in malaria control. © 2014 by
the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph110505137},
Key = {fds266767}
}
@article{fds328573,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Mboera, LE and Senkoro, K and Lesser, A and Shayo, EH and Paul, CJ and Miranda, ML},
Title = {Correction: kramer, R.a., et Al. A randomized longitudinal
factorial design to assess malaria vector control and
disease management interventions in rural Tanzania. Int. J.
Environ. Res. Public health 2014, 11, 5317-5332.},
Journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {9},
Pages = {8622-8623},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110908622},
Abstract = {The authors wish to make the following corrections to their
paper published in the International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public Health
[1]:[...].},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph110908622},
Key = {fds328573}
}
@article{fds222018,
Author = {R.A. Kramer},
Title = {Towards Malaria Elimination and its Implication for Vector
Control, Disease Management and Livelihoods in
Tanzania},
Journal = {Malaria World Journal},
Volume = {4},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1-14},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.malariaworld.org/mwj/2013/review-towards-malaria-elimination-and-its-implication-vector-control-disease-management},
Key = {fds222018}
}
@misc{fds222017,
Author = {R. Kramer and C. Mutero. B. Ameneshewa and K. Njagi and L. Mboera and E. Muheki.},
Title = {Malaria Decision Analysis Support Tool (MDAST): Evaluating
Health, Social and Environmental Impacts and Policy
Tradeoffs.},
Pages = {34},
Booktitle = {Global Environment Facility, United Nations Environment
Program, and World Health Organization, GEF Project ID 3346,
Final Report.},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds222017}
}
@misc{fds304077,
Author = {Kramer, R and Simanjuntak, S.},
Title = {Human Migration and Resource use in Sulawesi Fishing
Communities},
Volume = {2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7074 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The relationship between human population changes and the
use of coastal resources in several communities in North
Sulawesi, Indonesia is examined using a combination of
demographic and econometric analysis. The study area has
some of Indonesia's richest marine biodiversity and a number
of important coastal resources that support the livelihood
of a large number of fishing communities. Following focus
groups and pretesting, direct interview surveys were
conducted in 1999 with 601 households whose primary
occupation was fishing. Demographic analysis reveals that
migration is the major driver of human population growth in
the area. Econometric analysis is used to explore the
effects of migration and other socio economic variables on
fishing activity in the area. Recommendations for resource
managers include greater monitoring of resource impacts of
migrants and increased involvement of local communities in
the development of regional fishing policies.},
Key = {fds304077}
}
@article{fds222825,
Author = {Christopher Paul and Randall Kramer and Adriane Lesser and Clifford
Mutero, Marie Lynn Miranda and Katherine Dickinson},
Title = {Identifying barriers to optimal malaria policies using a
systematic literature review and stakeholder engagement in
East Africa},
Journal = {Journal of Public Health Policy},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222825}
}
@misc{fds214749,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and A. Jenkins and A. Lesser},
Title = {The Role of Ecosystem Service Payments in Achieving
Conservation Goals: Attitudes Among Farm
Operators”},
Booktitle = {Valuing Ecosystem Services – Methodological Issues and
Case Studies, K.N. Ninan, editor, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
Publishers (forthcoming).},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {A significant share of global ecosystem service production
occurs on privately held land (especially land used for
agriculture and forestry), implying that efforts to sustain
and enhance ecosystem services would benefit from a focus on
private land managers. This chapter examines ecosystem
service markets as a possible mechanism for attaining
conservation objectives on private lands. In particular, it
reports on the results of a mail survey assessing the
attitudes of farm operators managing private land in North
Carolina towards conservation and ecosystem service
programs. Choice experiments included in the survey provide
an estimation of tradeoffs across alternative structures of
a payment-for-ecosystem services (PES) program. While
restricted in geographic scope to eastern North Carolina,
interpretation of the study results yields conclusions that
may help in the design and success of PES programs more
generally. These include: 1) PES-type programs, particularly
those focused on water quality and wildlife habitat, were of
great interest to local farm operators, 2) Payment levels
are an important factor in decisions to enroll, but so are
other program attributes, particularly contract length, 3)
Campaigns seeking to raise awareness and/or enrollment in
conservation payment programs in general will benefit from a
better understanding of preferred program characteristics
among potential participants, 4) Campaigns seeking to raise
awareness and/or participation in PES programs will meet
with greater success if they can effectively focus on
reaching land operators exhibiting particular
characteristics.},
Key = {fds214749}
}
@article{ISI:000314882200046,
Author = {Brown, Z and Dickinson, K and Kramer, R},
Title = {Insecticide Resistance and Malaria Vector Control: The
Importance of Fitness Cost Mechanisms in Determining
Economically Optimal Control Trajectories},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
Volume = {106},
Number = {1},
Pages = {366-374},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0022-0493},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ec11365},
Abstract = {The evolutionary dynamics of insecticide resistance in
harmful arthropods has economic implications, not only for
the control of agricultural pests (as has been well
studied), but also for the control of disease vectors, such
as malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes. Previous
economic work on insecticide resistance illustrates the
policy relevance of knowing whether insecticide resistance
mutations involve fitness costs. Using a theoretical model,
this article investigates economically optimal strategies
for controlling malaria-transmitting mosquitoes when there
is the potential for mosquitoes to evolve resistance to
insecticides. Consistent with previous literature, we find
that fitness costs are a key element in the computation of
economically optimal resistance management strategies.
Additionally, our models indicate that different biological
mechanisms underlying these fitness costs (e.g., increased
adult mortality and/or decreased fecundity) can
significantly alter economically optimal resistance
management strategies.},
Doi = {10.1603/ec11365},
Key = {ISI:000314882200046}
}
@article{fds266800,
Author = {Kim, D and Fedak, K and Kramer, R},
Title = {Reduction of malaria prevalence by indoor residual spraying:
a meta-regression analysis.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-124},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-9637},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6472 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has become an increasingly
popular method of insecticide use for malaria control, and
many recent studies have reported on its effectiveness in
reducing malaria burden in a single community or region.
There is a need for systematic review and integration of the
published literature on IRS and the contextual determining
factors of its success in controlling malaria. This study
reports the findings of a meta-regression analysis based on
13 published studies, which were chosen from more than 400
articles through a systematic search and selection process.
The summary relative risk for reducing malaria prevalence
was 0.38 (95% confidence interval = 0.31-0.46), which
indicated a risk reduction of 62%. However, an excessive
degree of heterogeneity was found between the studies. The
meta-regression analysis indicates that IRS is more
effective with high initial prevalence, multiple rounds of
spraying, use of DDT, and in regions with a combination of
Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria.},
Doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0620},
Key = {fds266800}
}
@article{fds266771,
Author = {Mutero, CM and Schlodder, D and Kabatereine, N and Kramer,
R},
Title = {Integrated vector management for malaria control in Uganda:
knowledge, perceptions and policy development.},
Journal = {Malaria Journal},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {21},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1475-2875},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6986 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Integrated vector management (IVM) is
increasingly being recommended as an option for sustainable
malaria control. However, many malaria-endemic countries
lack a policy framework to guide and promote the approach.
The objective of the study was to assess knowledge and
perceptions in relation to current malaria vector control
policy and IVM in Uganda, and to make recommendations for
consideration during future development of a specific IVM
policy.<h4>Methods</h4>The study used a structured
questionnaire to interview 34 individuals working at
technical or policy-making levels in health, environment,
agriculture and fisheries sectors. Specific questions on IVM
focused on the following key elements of the approach:
integration of chemical and non-chemical interventions of
vector control; evidence-based decision making;
inter-sectoral collaboration; capacity building;
legislation; advocacy and community mobilization.<h4>Results</h4>All
participants were familiar with the term IVM and knew
various conventional malaria vector control (MVC) methods.
Only 75% thought that Uganda had a MVC policy. Eighty
percent (80%) felt there was inter-sectoral collaboration
towards IVM, but that it was poor due to financial
constraints, difficulties in involving all possible sectors
and political differences. The health, environment and
agricultural sectors were cited as key areas requiring
cooperation in order for IVM to succeed. Sixty-seven percent
(67%) of participants responded that communities were
actively being involved in MVC, while 48% felt that the use
of research results for evidence-based decision making was
inadequate or poor. A majority of the participants felt that
malaria research in Uganda was rarely used to facilitate
policy changes. Suggestions by participants for formulation
of specific and effective IVM policy included: revising the
MVC policy and IVM-related policies in other sectors into a
single, unified IVM policy and, using legislation to enforce
IVM in development projects.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Integrated
management of malaria vectors in Uganda remains an
underdeveloped component of malaria control policy.
Cooperation between the health and other sectors needs
strengthening and funding for MVC increased in order to
develop and effectively implement an appropriate IVM policy.
Continuous engagement of communities by government as well
as monitoring and evaluation of vector control programmes
will be crucial for sustaining IVM in the
country.},
Doi = {10.1186/1475-2875-11-21},
Key = {fds266771}
}
@article{fds266799,
Author = {Dickinson, KL and Randell, HF and Kramer, RA and Shayo,
EH},
Title = {Socio-economic status and malaria-related outcomes in
Mvomero District, Tanzania.},
Journal = {Global Public Health},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {384-399},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1744-1692},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6498 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {While policies often target malaria prevention and treatment
- proximal causes of malaria and related health outcomes -
too little attention has been given to the role of
household- and individual-level socio-economic status (SES)
as a fundamental cause of disease risk in developing
countries. This paper presents a conceptual model outlining
ways in which SES may influence malaria-related outcomes.
Building on this conceptual model, we use household data
from rural Mvomero, Tanzania, to examine empirical
relationships among multiple measures of household and
individual SES and demographics, on the one hand, and
malaria prevention, illness, and diagnosis and treatment
behaviours, on the other. We find that access to prevention
and treatment is significantly associated with indicators of
households' wealth; education-based disparities do not
emerge in this context. Meanwhile, reported malaria illness
shows a stronger association with demographic variables than
with SES (controlling for prevention). Greater understanding
of the mechanisms through which SES and malaria policies
interact to influence disease risk can help to reduce health
disparities and reduce the malaria burden in an equitable
manner.},
Doi = {10.1080/17441692.2010.539573},
Key = {fds266799}
}
@article{fds266762,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {National parks as conservation and development projects:
Gauging local support},
Pages = {113-132},
Booktitle = {Conserving and Valuing Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity:
Economic, Institutional and Social Challenges},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781849770859},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849770859},
Doi = {10.4324/9781849770859},
Key = {fds266762}
}
@article{fds266802,
Author = {Randell, HF and Dickinson, KL and Shayo, EH and Mboera, LEG and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Environmental management for malaria control: knowledge and
practices in Mvomero, Tanzania.},
Journal = {Ecohealth},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {507-516},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1612-9202},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6748 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Environmental conditions play an important role in the
transmission of malaria; therefore, regulating these
conditions can help to reduce disease burden. Environmental
management practices for disease control can be implemented
at the community level to complement other malaria control
methods. This study assesses current knowledge and practices
related to mosquito ecology and environmental management for
malaria control in a rural, agricultural region of Tanzania.
Household surveys were conducted with 408 randomly selected
respondents from 10 villages and qualitative data were
collected through focus group discussions and in-depth
interviews. Results show that respondents are well aware of
the links between mosquitoes, the environment, and malaria.
Most respondents stated that cleaning the environment around
the home, clearing vegetation around the home, or draining
stagnant water can reduce mosquito populations, and 63% of
respondents reported performing at least one of these
techniques to protect themselves from malaria. It is clear
that many respondents believe that these environmental
management practices are effective malaria control methods,
but the actual efficacy of these techniques for controlling
populations of vectors or reducing malaria prevalence in the
varying ecological habitats in Mvomero is unknown. Further
research should be conducted to determine the effects of
different environmental management practices on both
mosquito populations and malaria transmission in this
region, and increased participation in effective techniques
should be promoted.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10393-010-0343-9},
Key = {fds266802}
}
@article{fds326955,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Corey, CG and Lau, YF and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Biodiversity Conservation and Child Malaria: Microeconomic
Evidence from Flores, Indonesia},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke Working
Paper},
Number = {85},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds326955}
}
@article{fds266803,
Author = {Elsin, YK and Kramer, RA and Jenkins, WA},
Title = {Valuing drinking water provision as an ecosystem service in
the neuse river basin},
Journal = {Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management},
Volume = {136},
Number = {4},
Pages = {474-482},
Publisher = {American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0733-9496},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6743 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The valuation of ecosystem services such as drinking water
provision is of growing national and international interest.
The cost of drinking water provision is directly linked to
the quality of its raw water input, which is itself affected
by upstream land use patterns. This analysis employs the
benefit transfer method to quantify the economic benefits of
water quality improvements for drinking water production in
the Neuse River Basin in North Carolina. Two benefit
transfer approaches, value transfer and function transfer,
are implemented by combining the results of four previously
published studies with data collected from eight Neuse Basin
water treatment plants. The mean net present value of the
cost reduction estimates for the entire Neuse Basin ranged
from $2.7 million to $16.6 million for a 30% improvement in
water quality over a 30-year period. The value-transfer
approach tended to produce larger expected benefits than the
function-transfer approach, but both approaches produced
similar results despite the differences in their
methodologies, time frames, study sites, and assumptions. ©
2010 ASCE.},
Doi = {10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000058},
Key = {fds266803}
}
@article{fds266804,
Author = {Jenkins, WA and Murray, BC and Kramer, RA and Faulkner,
SP},
Title = {Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the
Mississippi Alluvial Valley},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1051-1061},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6740 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study assesses the value of restoring forested wetlands
via the U.S. government's Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) in
the Mississippi Alluvial Valley by quantifying and
monetizing ecosystem services. The three focal services are
greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, nitrogen mitigation, and
waterfowl recreation. Site- and region-level measurements of
these ecosystem services are combined with process models to
quantify their production on agricultural land, which serves
as the baseline, and on restored wetlands. We adjust and
transform these measures into per-hectare, valuation-ready
units and monetize them with prices from emerging ecosystem
markets and the environmental economics literature. By
valuing three of the many ecosystem services produced, we
generate lower bound estimates for the total ecosystem value
of the wetlands restoration. Social welfare value is found
to be between $1435 and $1486/ha/year, with GHG mitigation
valued in the range of $171 to $222, nitrogen mitigation at
$1248, and waterfowl recreation at $16. Limited to existing
markets, the estimate for annual market value is merely
$70/ha, but when fully accounting for potential markets,
this estimate rises to $1035/ha. The estimated social value
surpasses the public expenditure or social cost of wetlands
restoration in only 1 year, indicating that the return on
public investment is very attractive for the WRP. Moreover,
the potential market value is substantially greater than
landowner opportunity costs, showing that payments to
private landowners to restore wetlands could also be
profitable for individual landowners. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022},
Key = {fds266804}
}
@article{fds266758,
Author = {Kramer, RA},
Title = {Forests and biodiversity: An alternative
view},
Pages = {227-234},
Booktitle = {Latin American Development Priorities},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521766906},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809910.009},
Abstract = {Introduction The LAC region faces a number of major
environmental challenges, including climate change, loss of
biodiversity, provision of clean drinking water,
deteriorating air quality in urban areas, and over-fishing
of economically important fisheries. Roger Sedjo and Juha
Siikamäki's study (2007) focuses on one of these issues –
biodiversity in the region's forests. Fueled by population
growth in the developing world and increased resource
demands in both the developed and developing regions, the
loss of forests and forest biodiversity has accelerated in
many parts of the world. These issues are particularly acute
in tropical forests, which also contain many of the world's
biodiversity “hot spots.” Forest fragmentation,
deforestation, and overutilization of residual forests have
impacted the diversity of remaining species. This has
prompted international efforts to protect the remaining
tropical forests, but conservation remains significantly
under-funded. In the developing world, current expenditures
have been estimated to be only a small fraction of what is
needed to ensure the survival of representative species,
habitats, and ecosystems (Balmford et al. 2003; Kramer
2007). This alternative view provides a summary of some of
the main points raised in chapter 4's assessment of LAC
biodiversity issues and opportunities. Some additional
economic information is introduced, and an alternative, more
modest solution for addressing the region's biodiversity
concerns is provided, based on an expansion of protected
areas using international cost-sharing.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511809910.009},
Key = {fds266758}
}
@article{fds266805,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Dickinson, KL and Anderson, RM and Fowler, VG and Miranda, ML and Mutero, CM and Saterson, KA and Wiener,
JB},
Title = {Using decision analysis to improve malaria control policy
making.},
Journal = {Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {133-140},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0168-8510},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19356821},
Abstract = {Malaria and other vector-borne diseases represent a
significant and growing burden in many tropical countries.
Successfully addressing these threats will require policies
that expand access to and use of existing control methods,
such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and artemesinin
combination therapies (ACTs) for malaria, while weighing the
costs and benefits of alternative approaches over time. This
paper argues that decision analysis provides a valuable
framework for formulating such policies and combating the
emergence and re-emergence of malaria and other diseases. We
outline five challenges that policy makers and practitioners
face in the struggle against malaria, and demonstrate how
decision analysis can help to address and overcome these
challenges. A prototype decision analysis framework for
malaria control in Tanzania is presented, highlighting the
key components that a decision support tool should include.
Developing and applying such a framework can promote
stronger and more effective linkages between research and
policy, ultimately helping to reduce the burden of malaria
and other vector-borne diseases.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.02.011},
Key = {fds266805}
}
@article{fds158301,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and K.L. Dickinson and R.M. Anderson and V.G. Fowler and M.L. Miranda and C.M. Mutero and K.A. Saterson and J.B.
Wiener},
Title = {Using Decision Analysis to Improve Malaria Control Policy
Making},
Journal = {Health Policy},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds158301}
}
@article{fds362110,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Eisen-Hecht, JI and Vaughan, GE},
Title = {Economics of ecosystem management for the Catawba river
Basin},
Pages = {81-93},
Booktitle = {Environmental Economics for Watershed Restoration},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781420092622},
Key = {fds362110}
}
@article{fds164035,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and A. Jenkins},
Title = {Ecosystem Services, Markets, and Red Wolf Habitat: Results
from a Farm Operator Survey},
Journal = {Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions,
Ecosystem Services Series, NI R 09-01},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/institute/redwolf.pdf},
Key = {fds164035}
}
@misc{fds154852,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and E.O. Sills and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {National Parks as Conservation and Development Projects:
Gauging Local Support},
Booktitle = {chapter 7 Conserving and Valuing Ecosystem Services and
Biodiversity-Economic, Institutional and Social
Challenges},
Publisher = {London: Earthscan Press},
Editor = {K.N. Ninan},
Year = {2009},
Keywords = {forest dependence, attitudes, willingness to pay, Indonesia,
Southeast Asia, integrated conservation and development,
benefits transfer, survey methods},
Abstract = {Over the past 25 years, many millions of dollars have been
invested in integrated conservation and development projects
associated with parks in developing countries. These
projects count on local support, but the degree and
distribution of such support is difficult to gauge. Using
the contingent valuation method, we found strong local
support for two projects that were being launched in
Indonesia. Household support for the projects varied with
both socioeconomic characteristics and use of park
resources. Given the high cost of survey implementation, we
explored ways to predict support for park projects at other
sites based on a survey at a single site. Potential for such
benefit transfer is limited by the difficulty of accounting
for households who do not support the project.},
Key = {fds154852}
}
@misc{fds154854,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and J.I. Eisen-Hecht and G.E. Vaughn},
Title = {Economics of Ecosystem Management for the Catawba River
Basin, Chapter 6},
Booktitle = {Environmental Economics for Watershed Protection},
Publisher = {CRC/Taylor Francis Press},
Editor = {H. Thurston and M.T. Heberling and A. Schrecongost},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds154854}
}
@article{fds266806,
Author = {Karanth, KK and Kramer, RA and Qian, SS and Christensen,
NL},
Title = {Examining conservation attitudes, perspectives, and
challenges in India},
Journal = {Biological Conservation},
Volume = {141},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2357-2367},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0006-3207},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6646 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Biodiversity conservation issues are often contentious and
complex. Polarized debates on the effectiveness of protected
areas and role of people inside them, charismatic species as
conservation foci, and on specific policy initiatives are
common among Indian and global conservationists. We surveyed
Indian conservationists about the conservation effectiveness
of protected areas and charismatic species, as well as
status of conservation and research efforts. We expected
differences among people based on professional affiliation,
and educational background. We examined participants'
opinions on conservation policies like Project Tiger and
Elephant, the Forest Rights Act, and the Tiger Task Force
Report. Participants ranked Indian research efforts as
average, and identified a bias towards terrestrial species
and ecosystems. Ninety-percent of participants considered
reserves to be effective, many (61%) participants felt that
the situation of people living inside reserves is
unsustainable, and many (76%) felt the use of force to
protect reserves from illegal human activities is
acceptable. Classification and regression tree models for
these questions suggested that non-academics were more
likely than academics to agree with these positions. On the
success of Project Tiger and Elephant, older participants
were more likely to think these initiatives were a success.
Many (63%) participants felt the Forest Rights Act needed
revision, particularly if they had doctoral degrees.
Sixty-two percent of participants did not think Tiger Task
Force was effective. Overall, participants' professional
affiliation, age, and academic degree were important
predictors of participants attitudes towards conservation
initiatives. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2008.06.027},
Key = {fds266806}
}
@misc{fds154853,
Author = {R.A. Kramer},
Title = {Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services},
Booktitle = {Sage Handbook of Environment and Society},
Editor = {Jules Pretty and et al.},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {9781412918435},
Key = {fds154853}
}
@article{fds266819,
Author = {Liese, C and Smith, MD and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Open access in a spatially delineated artisanal fishery: The
case of Minahasa, Indonesia},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-143},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1355-770X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6744 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The effects of economic development on the exploitation of
renewable resources are investigated in settings where
property rights are ill defined or not enforced. This paper
explores potential conservation implications from labor and
product market developments, such as enhanced transportation
infrastructure. A model is developed that predicts
individual fish catch per unit effort based on
characteristics of individual fishermen and the development
status of their villages. The econometric model is estimated
using data from a cross-sectional household survey of
artisanal coral reef fishermen in Minahasa, Indonesia,
taking account of fishermen heterogeneity. Variation across
different villages and across fishermen within the villages
is used to explore the effects of development. Strong
evidence is found for the countervailing forces of product
and labor market effects on the exploitation of a coral reef
fishery. © 2007 Cambridge University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X06003421},
Key = {fds266819}
}
@article{fds266807,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Dickinson, K and Corey, C and Murray, B and Sills, E and Kramer, R},
Title = {Deforestation, Malaria and Poverty: A Call for
Transdisciplinary Research to Support the Design of
Cross-Sectoral Policies},
Journal = {Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds266807}
}
@article{fds266818,
Author = {Kochi, I and Hubbell, B and Kramer, R},
Title = {An Empirical Bayes Approach to Combining and Comparing
Estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life for
Environmental Policy Analysis},
Journal = {Resource and Environmental Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {385-406},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6474 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-006-9000-8},
Key = {fds266818}
}
@misc{fds266772,
Author = {Biscoe, ML and Mutero, CM and Kramer, RA},
Title = {DDT USE FOR MALARIA CONTROL IN EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA:
PERSPECTIVES, POLITICS, AND POLICY},
Journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
Volume = {16},
Number = {5},
Pages = {S131-S132},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1044-3983},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000231783200331&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1097/00001648-200509000-00332},
Key = {fds266772}
}
@article{fds266815,
Author = {Cassels, S and Curran, SR and Kramer, R},
Title = {Do Migrants Degrade Coastal Environments? Migration, Natural
Resource Extraction and Poverty in North Sulawesi,
Indonesia.},
Journal = {Human Ecology},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {329-363},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6470 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Recent literature on migration and the environment has
identified key mediating variables such as how migrants
extract resources from the environment for their
livelihoods, the rate and efficiency of extraction, and the
social and economic context within which their extraction
occurs. This paper investigates these variables in a new
ecological setting using data from coastal fishing villages
in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. We do not find as many
differences between migrant and non-migrant families
regarding destructive fishing behavior, technology, and
investment as might have been expected from earlier
theories. Instead, the context and timing of migrant
assimilation seems to be more important in explaining
apparent associations of migration and environmental impacts
than simply migrants themselves. This finding fits well with
recent literature in the field of international migration
and immigrant incorporation.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10745-005-4142-9},
Key = {fds266815}
}
@article{fds138975,
Author = {Liese, Christopher and Martin D. Smith and Randall A.
Kramer},
Title = {Open Access with Product and Labor Market Failure: The Case
of Artisanal Fishing in Indonesia},
Journal = {Duke Economics Department Working Paper #03-11},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds138975}
}
@article{fds266768,
Author = {Biscoe, Melanie L. and Mutero, Clifford M. and Kramer,
R},
Title = {Current Policy and Status of DDT Use for Malaria Control in
Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa},
Pages = {33 pages},
Booktitle = {Current Policy and Status of DDT Use for Malaria Control in
Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa},
Publisher = {International Water Management Institute},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7481 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266768}
}
@article{fds266816,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Seeing the forest for the fuel},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {155-179},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6618 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a new approach to understanding the role of
fuelwood in the rural household economy by applying insights
from travel cost modeling to author-compiled household
survey data and meso-scale environmental statistics from
Ruteng Park in Flores, Indonesia. We characterize Manggarai
farming households' fuelwood collection trips as inputs into
household production of the utility yielding service of
cooking and heating. The number of trips taken by households
depends on the shadow price of fuelwood collection or the
travel cost, which is endogenous. Econometric analyses using
truncated negative binomial regression models and correcting
for endogeneity show that the Manggarai are 'economically
rational' about fuelwood collection and access to the
forests for fuelwood makes substantial contributions to
household welfare. Increasing cost of forest access, wealth,
use of alternative fuels, ownership of kerosene stoves,
trees on farm, park staff activity, primary schools and
roads, and overall development could all reduce dependence
on collecting fuelwood from forests. © 2004 Cambridge
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1355770x03001220},
Key = {fds266816}
}
@article{fds266814,
Author = {Saterson, K and Christensen, NL and Jackson, RB and Kramer, RA and Pimm,
SL and Smith, MD and Wiener, JB},
Title = {Disconnects in Evaluating the Relative Effectiveness of
Conservation Strategies},
Journal = {Conservation Biology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {597-599},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7005 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.01831.x},
Key = {fds266814}
}
@article{fds266769,
Author = {Kramer, R and Holmes, TP and Haefele, M},
Title = {Using Contingent Valuation to Estimate the Value of Forest
Ecosystem Protection},
Pages = {378 pages},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {Sills, EO and Abt, KL},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {1402010281},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7380 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This book provides a state-of-the-art review of both
classical and emerging themes in forest resource economics.
The authors show how neo-classical economic principles can
be used to analyze forest policy issues across existing and
developing market economies in the United States, Latin
America, and South and Southeast Asia. The chapters
encompass traditional and modern areas of concern in forest
policy, including timber production and markets, multiple
use forestry, and valuation of non-market benefits. These
topics are developed with case studies that demonstrate
rigorous empirical analysis in a manner accessible to
readers with a background in intermediate microeconomic
theory and statistics. The book is intended for forest
economists, forest policy analysts, and graduate students
studying natural resource economics.},
Key = {fds266769}
}
@article{fds50176,
Author = {R.A. Kramer and Sahat M.H. Simanjuntak},
Title = {Human Migration and Resource Use In Sulawesi Fishing
Communities},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium,
Bali, Indonesia},
Publisher = {Indonesian Institute of Sciences},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds50176}
}
@misc{fds50175,
Author = {R. Kramer and T. Holmes and M. Haefele},
Title = {Contingent Valuation Estimation of Forest Ecosystem
Protection},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds50175}
}
@article{fds266813,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Mehta, AD and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Local Uses of Parks: Uncovering Patterns of Household
Production from Forests of Siberut, Indonesia},
Journal = {Conservation and Society},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {209-222},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6465 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266813}
}
@article{fds266810,
Author = {Arin, T and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Divers' willingness to pay to visit marine sanctuaries: An
exploratory study},
Journal = {Ocean & Coastal Management},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {171-183},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0964-5691},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0964-5691(02)00049-2},
Abstract = {Entrance fees paid by divers to enter marine sanctuaries
constitute a significant potential revenue source to finance
coral reef conservation. An exploratory contingent valuation
study was carried out among foreign and local tourists in
three major dive destinations in the Philippines to examine
diver demand for visits to protected coral reef areas.
Results indicate that most divers would be willing to pay an
entrance fee to marine sanctuaries where fishing, one of the
major threats to coral reefs, is prohibited. An econometric
model was estimated analyzing the socioeconomic and travel
related factors that affect divers' willingness to pay.
Results indicate that substantial amounts of revenues may be
collected through entrance fees to support coral reef
conservation. Most tourists interviewed preferred NGOs as
the most trustworthy organization type to collect and manage
entrance fees. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0964-5691(02)00049-2},
Key = {fds266810}
}
@article{fds266817,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Simanjuntak, SMH and Liese, C},
Title = {Migration and fishing in Indonesian coastal
villages.},
Journal = {Ambio},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-372},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0044-7447},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12174608},
Abstract = {The coastal ecosystems in Southeast Asia are under increased
pressure from local and global change. This paper examines
human migration and the use of marine resources in coastal
villages in the Minahasa district of North Sulawesi,
Indonesia. Primary data were collected through interviews
with village leaders, focus groups, and a sample survey of
600 fishing households. Migration is responsible for at
least one quarter of the total growth during the past
decade. All groups of fishermen report falling productivity
of the nearshore fisheries. Econometric analysis is used to
examine the weekly fish catch of the artisanal fishing
sector. Migration status and socioeconomic variables seem to
have no systematic effect, while fishing effort (labor,
boat, and gear), the degree of specialization, and the
remoteness of villages are found to be positively related to
weekly fish catches.},
Doi = {10.1579/0044-7447-31.4.367},
Key = {fds266817}
}
@article{fds266770,
Author = {Kramer, R and Langholz, J and Salafsky, N},
Title = {The Role of the Private Sector in Protected Area
Establishment and Management},
Pages = {335-351},
Booktitle = {Making Parks Work: Strategies for Preserving Tropical
Nature},
Publisher = {Island Press},
Editor = {Terborgh, J and van Schaik, C and Davenport, L and Rao,
M},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7378 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Most scientists and researchers working in tropical areas
are convinced that parks and protected areas are the only
real hope for saving land and biodiversity in those regions.
Rather than giving up on parks that are foundering, ways
must be found to strengthen them, and Making Parks Work
offers a vital contribution to that effort. Focusing on the
"good news" -- success stories from the front lines and what
lessons can be taken from those stories -- the book gathers
experiences and information from thirty leading
conservationists into a guidebook of principles for
effective management of protected areas. The book: offers a
general overview of the status of protected areas worldwide
presents case studies from Africa, Latin America, and Asia
written by field researchers with long experience working in
those areas analyzes a variety of problems that parks face
and suggests policies and practices for coping with those
problems explores the broad philosophical questions of
conservation and how protected areas can -- and must --
resist the mounting pressures of an overcrowded
world.},
Key = {fds266770}
}
@article{fds266808,
Author = {Eisen-Hecht, JI and Kramer, RA},
Title = {A cost-benefit analysis of water quality protection in the
Catawba basin},
Journal = {Journal of the American Water Resources Association},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {453-465},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6644 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The primary objective of this study was to perform a
cost-benefit analysis of maintaining the current level of
water quality in the Catawba River basin. Economic benefits
were estimated using a stated preference survey method
designed to value respondents' willingness to pay for a
management plan to protect water quality in the Catawba
basin over time. From the surveys conducted with 1,085 area
residents, we calculated an annual mean willingness to pay
of $139 for the management plan, or more than $75.4 million
for all taxpayers in the area. Over the five-year time
horizon in which respondents were asked to pay for the
management plan, this resulted in a total economic benefit
of $340.1 million. The Watershed Analysis Risk Management
Framework model was used to estimate the amount of
management activities needed to protect the current level of
water quality in the basin over time. Based on the model
results, the total cost of the management plan was
calculated to be $244.8 million over a ten-year period. The
resulting cost-benefit analysis indicated that the potential
benefits of this management plan would outweigh the costs by
more than $95 million.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb04329.x},
Key = {fds266808}
}
@misc{fds50180,
Author = {R. Kramer and J.Langholz and N. Salafsky},
Title = {The Role of the Private Sector in Protected Area
Establishment and Management: A Conceptual Framework for
Analyzing Effectiveness},
Booktitle = {Making Parks Work: Strategies for Preserving Tropical
Nature},
Publisher = {Island Press},
Editor = {J.T. Terborgh and C. van Schaik and L. Davenport and M.
Rao},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds50180}
}
@article{fds266809,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Eisen-Hecht, JI},
Title = {Estimating the economic value of water quality protection in
the Catawba River basin},
Journal = {Water Resources Research},
Volume = {38},
Number = {9},
Pages = {211-2110},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0043-1397},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000180394800021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {[1] This study used stated preference methods to estimate
the economic value of protecting water quality in the
Catawba River basin of North and South Carolina at its
current level. Telephone interviews were completed with 1085
randomly selected households, who were also mailed a short
information booklet about these issues. Respondents
expressed a mean willingness to pay $139 for a management
plan designed to protect water quality at its current level
over time. Aggregation of this mean willingness to pay value
amounted to an annual economic benefit of over $75 million
for all taxpayers in Catawba basin counties. By using a
split-sample survey design, this study also compared the
effectiveness of different combined mail and telephone
survey formats. Results indicated that while a
phone-mail-phone approach is preferred for some reasons over
a mail-phone approach, the survey format did not
significantly affect the economic valuation
results.},
Doi = {10.1029/2001wr000755},
Key = {fds266809}
}
@article{fds266812,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Worth of watersheds: A producer surplus approach for valuing
drought mitigation in Eastern Indonesia},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-146},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6747 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study combines hydrological modeling with applied
micro-econometric techniques to value a complex ecosystem
service: drought mitigation provided by tropical forested
watersheds to agrarian communities. Spatial variation in
current base-flow allows estimation of drought mitigation
values as the marginal profit accruing to agricultural
households. The paper shows that this uncommon focus on
producer (not consumer) surplus measures is appropriate for
valuation as long as markets for commodities related to the
environmental services are complete. For the typical
household, the estimated marginal profit is positive,
validating the central hypothesis that baseflow makes
positive contributions to agricultural profits. There is
some evidence, however, that increased watershed protection
will increase profits through greater baseflow only in
watersheds with a unique mix of physio-graphic and climatic
features. The paper evaluates and provides some support for
the hypothesis, put forward by hydrological science and the
Indonesian Government, that protected watersheds can supply
latent and unrecognized ecosystem services to local
people.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X01000079},
Key = {fds266812}
}
@article{fds266811,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Kramer, R},
Title = {Pricing Ecological Services: Willingness to Pay for Drought
Control Services in Indonesia},
Journal = {Water Resources Research},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {771-778},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0043-1397},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6746 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this study we estimate local economic values of
ecological services provided by protected forest watersheds
in Ruteng Park in eastern Indonesia. Our use of contingent
valuation (CV) methodology for pricing drought mitigation
benefits to local farmers extends previous work by deriving
measures of willingness to pay in terms of incremental
agricultural profits. On the basis of the theoretical and
content validity of estimated models we find that CV can be
used to value complex ecological services in a rural
developing country setting. The estimated parameters provide
policy and management information regarding the economic
magnitude and spatial distribution of the value of drought
mitigation.},
Doi = {10.1029/2000WR900320},
Key = {fds266811}
}
@article{fds266796,
Author = {Reaves, DW and Kramer, RA and Holmes, TP},
Title = {Does question format matter? Valuing an endangered
species},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {365-383},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008320621720},
Abstract = {A three-way treatment design is used to compare contingent
valuation response formats. Respondents are asked to value
an endangered species (the red-cockaded woodpecker) and the
restoration of its habitat following a natural disaster. For
three question formats (open-ended, payment card, and
double-bounded dichotomous choice), differences in survey
response rates, item non-response rates, and protest bids
are examined. Bootstrap techniques are used to compare means
across formats and to explore differences in willingness to
pay (WTP) distribution functions. Convergent validity is
found in a comparison of mean WTP values, although some
differences are apparent in the cumulative distribution
functions. Differences across formats are also identified in
item non-response rates and proportion of protest bids.
Overall, the payment card format exhibits desirable
properties relative to the other two formats.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1008320621720},
Key = {fds266796}
}
@article{fds266797,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Kramer, RA and Holmes, TP},
Title = {Environmental equity and the conservation of unique
ecosystems: An analysis of the distribution of benefits for
protecting southern appalachian spruce-fir
forests},
Journal = {Society & Natural Resources},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {93-106},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0894-1920},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/089419299279777},
Abstract = {Some critics in the environmental equity literature argue
that low - income popu lations disproportionately have
environmental risks while the wealthy and better educated
gain disproportionately from protecting unique ecosystems.
We test this hypothesis in an analysis of the decline of
southern Appalachian spruce-fir forests. We calculate
willingness - to - pay measures for forest
protectionthrougha contingent valuation survey. Survey
respondents consider spruce-fir forest protection to be a
normal good (income elasticity: 0.421). Education does not
influence willingness to pay. In an assessment of
willingness to pay scaled by income, we found that income
has a negative effect, implying that as income increases,
willingness to pay as a percentage of income decreases.
Education weakly influences willingness to pay in this
assessment. Given the substantial existence and bequest
values associated with these forests, these results
substantiate our rejection of the hypothesis that conserv
ing this unique ecosystemonly benefits the wealthy andbetter
educated. © 1999 Taylor and Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/089419299279777},
Key = {fds266797}
}
@article{fds326956,
Author = {Shyamsundar, P and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Reply to the "Comment" on the paper by Shyamsundar and
Kramer 1997. Biodiversity conservation - At what cost? A
study of households in the vicinity of Madagascar's Mantadia
National Park. Ambio 26, 180-184.},
Journal = {Ambio},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-159},
Publisher = {ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds326956}
}
@article{fds266794,
Author = {Shyamsundar, P and Kramer, R},
Title = {Biodiversity conservation - At what cost? A study of
households in the vicinity of Madagascar's Mantadia National
Park},
Journal = {Ambio},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {180-184},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0044-7447},
Abstract = {An important subset of the vast number of issues associated
with the conservation of tropical forests are the costs and
benefits incurred by local peoples. This paper presents the
results of a study of the costs borne by households living
near the Mantadia National Park, a protected area in eastern
Madagascar. The villages in this region are subsistence
economies that are based on swidden agriculture and forest
product collection. Village communities have lost access to
more than 800 ha of agricultural lands and to a significant
amount of forest products as a result of the park. The net
present value of costs to the average household because of
protection is USD 419. The analysis undertaken also provides
useful information about geographic variations in the costs
borne.},
Key = {fds266794}
}
@article{fds266792,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Richter, DD and Pattanayak, S and Sharma,
NP},
Title = {Ecological and economic analysis of watershed protection in
Eastern Madagascar},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-295},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Abstract = {Watershed protection is one of the many goods and services
provided by the world's fast disappearing tropical forests.
Among the variety of watershed protection benefits, flood
damage alleviation is crucial, particularly in upland
watersheds. This study is a rare attempt to estimate
flooding alleviation benefits, resulting from the protection
of upland forests in Eastern Madagascar. A three stage model
is used to examine the relationship between the economic
concept of value and the bio-physical dimensions of the
protected area. This approach combines techniques from
remote sensing, soil and hydrologic sciences and economics.
In stage one, the relationship between changes in land use
practices and the extent of flooding in immediate downstream
is established by using remotely sensed and
hydrologic-runoff data. Stage two relates the impact of
increased flooding to crop production by comparing the
hydrologic data with the agronomic flood damage reports for
the same time period. In stage three, a productivity
analysis approach is adopted to evaluate flood damage in
terms of lost producer surplus. The presence of the Mantadia
National Park, in eastern Madagascar, is designed to prevent
land conversions and changes in hydrologic patterns, thereby
alleviating flood damage. This averted flood damage is a
measure of the watershed protection benefits to society.
Given that natural systems are subject to considerable
stochastic shocks, sensitivity analysis is used to examine
the uncertainty associated with the key random variables.
The results of this analysis should help policy makers
assess trade-offs between the costs and benefits of
protecting tropical rainforest.},
Doi = {10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Key = {fds266792}
}
@article{fds266795,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Mercer, DE},
Title = {Valuing a global environmental good: U.S. residents'
willingness to pay to protect tropical rain
forests},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {196-210},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3147282},
Abstract = {Although contingent valuation (CV) is the most common
technique for valuing nonmarket environmental resources,
rarely has it been applied to global environmental goods.
This study uses CV in a national survey to assess the value
U.S. residents place on tropical rain forest protection. On
average, respondents were willing to make a one-time payment
of approximately $21-31 per household to protect an
additional 5 percent of tropical forests. Although
respondents were able to give consistent responses across
two different CV formats, focus groups were unwilling or
unable to allocate their aggregate rainforest valuations
across or among regions or specific rain
forests.},
Doi = {10.2307/3147282},
Key = {fds266795}
}
@book{fds362177,
Title = {Last Stand: Protected Areas and the Defense of Tropical
Biodiversity},
Editor = {Kramer, R and Schaik, CV and Johnson, J},
Year = {1997},
ISBN = {9780195095548},
Abstract = {During the past century, tropical rain forests have been
reduced to about half of their original area, with a
consequent loss of biodiversity. This book takes a close
look at how this has happened and what the consequences may
be, with am emphasis on those strategies that have proven
successful in stemming the loss of plant and animal
inhabitants. It describes the use of protected areas such as
sacred groves, royal preserves, and today's national parks,
which have long served to shield the delicate forest
habitats for countless species. Although programs for
protecting habitats are under increasing attack, this book
argues that a system of protected areas must in fact be the
cornerstone of all conservation strategies aimed at limiting
the inevitable reduction of our planet's biodiversity.
Written by leading experts with years of experience, the
book integrates ecological, economic and political
perspectives on how best to manage tropical forests and
their inhabitants, throughout the world. In addition to
conservationists, policy makers, and ecologists, the book
will serve as a useful text in courses on tropical
conservation.},
Key = {fds362177}
}
@article{fds266790,
Author = {Holmes, TP and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Contingent valuation of ecosystem health},
Journal = {Ecosystem Health},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-60},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Ecosystem health values represent compressed information
about the status or condition of an ecosystem. The valuation
process reduces multidimensional information about
ecosystems to an assessment endpoint or metric. This paper
utilizes a money metric to estimate the total value and
existence value of ecosystem health protection for the
high-elevation spruce-fir forests in the southern
Appalachian Mountains. A survey instrument was developed
using the contingent valuation method to elicit willingness
to pay values from a random sample of the public. Utilizing
a bootstrap hypothesis testing procedure (Efron & Tibshirani
1993), the results indicate that existence values are an
important and empirically distinct component of total
ecosystem value. ©1996 Blackwell Science,
Inc.},
Key = {fds266790}
}
@article{fds266793,
Author = {Shyamsundar, P and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Tropical forest protection: An empirical analysis of the
costs borne by local people},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {129-144},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1996.0036},
Abstract = {Contingent valuation is used to value tropical forest
resources for a rural population in Africa. Welfare losses
from land-use restrictions associated with a newly
established national park in Madagascar are estimated with a
willingness-to-accept format. Because of a limited local
cash economy, the contingent valuation question is
denominated in baskets of rice. The analysis indicates that
contingent valuation can be successfully applied to rural
households within the developing country context. The
econometric analysis undertaken reveals a systematic
association between various socioeconomic variables of
interest and the expressed willingness-to-accept
compensation for foregone land use.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1996.0036},
Key = {fds266793}
}
@article{fds266786,
Author = {Parks, PJ and Kramer, RA},
Title = {A policy simulation of the wetlands reserve
program},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {223-240},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1015},
Abstract = {Farmer participation in wetlands restoration practices is
explained using land benefits, land attributes, and owner
attributes. The probability of participation is estimated
using county-level data, and used to calculate the expected
acreage restored. National restored wetlands reserves are
simulated by sorting counties on government cost and
enrolling acreage into the reserve until the acreage target
is reached. Total government cost for a million-acre reserve
ranges from $1736 million to $1869 million, depending on the
administrative strategy used. Using estimated participation
rates in place of hypothetical rates suggests that achieving
acreage targets may be more expensive than previously
thought. © 1995 by Academic Press, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1995.1015},
Key = {fds266786}
}
@article{fds266787,
Author = {Mercer, E and Kramer, R and Sharma, N},
Title = {Rain forest tourism - estimating the benefits of tourism
development in a new national park in Madagascar},
Journal = {Journal of Forest Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {239-269},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Travel cost and contingent valuation methods are applied to
the problem of estimating the potential consumer surplus
available to international nature tourists from a rain
forest conservation project in Madagascar. Data are derived
from surveys of nature tourists in Madagascar and
international, nature tourism professionals in the US and
Europe. Typical trip travel cost models are used to estimate
changes in nature tourists' consumer surplus when a new
national park is developed for nature tourism. The results
are compared with contingent valuation analysis of the
willingness-to-pay of nature tourists to include the new
national park in their current trip to Madagascar.
-Authors},
Key = {fds266787}
}
@article{fds266788,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Sharma, N and Munasinghe, M},
Title = {Valuing tropical forests: methodology and case study of
Madagascar},
Journal = {World Bank Environment Paper},
Volume = {13},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This volume examines some causes of tropical deforestation
and explores forest valuation issues in the context of a
protected area project. Part A (chapters 1 and 2) sets out
the context of tropical deforestation and loss of
biodiversity and provides a framework for examining the
economic value of forests. An analytical framework is
described. Part B (chapters 3 to 8) is devoted to a detailed
case study of Madagascar that illustrates the practical
application of the techniques of analysis to the valuation
of forests described earlier. Chapter 3 describes the case
study area (Mantadia Park) and general analytical approach.
Chapters 4 and 5 describe how impacts on the park are valued
by two user groups: local villagers and international
tourists. The spatial dimensions of linkages between human
activity and area ecosystems are explored in chapter 6. In
chapter 7, existence values of rain forests to North
Americans are estimated. The main findings and conclusions
of this volume are summarized in part C. -from
Editors},
Key = {fds266788}
}
@article{fds266789,
Author = {Parks, PJ and Kramer, RA and Heimlich, RE},
Title = {Simulating cost-effective wetlands reserves: a comparison of
positive and normative approaches},
Journal = {Natural Resource Modeling},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-96},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-7445.1995.tb00298.x},
Abstract = {A conceptual model of farmer behavior is used to develop
analytical expressions for the costs of wetland policies in
the US. An empirical study based on the model compares
normative and positive cost estimates for accomplishing a
specific policy and shows that these two modeling strategies
yield very different cost estimates from the same basic
data. Because models such as these are frequently used to
support budget requests for government programs, the choice
of modeling strategy can influence whether program goals can
be accomplished with the funds requested.
-Authors},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1939-7445.1995.tb00298.x},
Key = {fds266789}
}
@article{fds266791,
Author = {Holmes, TP and Kramer, RA},
Title = {An independent sample test of yea-saying and starting point
bias in dichotomous-choice contingent valuation},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-132},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1035},
Abstract = {We developed several diagnostic tools to test the convergent
validity of two common contingent valuation elicitation
procedures. Data were collected from independent samples
receiving dichotomous choice and payment card questions. We
compared actual with counter-factual responses using
deterministic and Monte Carlo methods and we found that WTP
distributions and mean values varied by the value
elicitation method. We also developed a paired-comparison
test for procedure variance which indicated that yea-saying
and starting point bias influenced dichotomous choice
responses. © 1995 by Academic Press, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1995.1035},
Key = {fds266791}
}
@misc{fds326957,
Author = {SHYAMSUNDAR, P and KRAMER, RA},
Title = {THE OPPORTUNITY COSTS TO LOCAL RESIDENTS OF ESTABLISHING A
NATIONAL-PARK IN MADAGASCAR},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {76},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1254-1254},
Publisher = {AMER AGR ECON ASSN},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds326957}
}
@misc{fds326959,
Author = {PARKS, PJ and KRAMER, RA},
Title = {FARMERS PARTICIPATION IN WETLANDS RESTORATION
PROGRAMS},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1303-1303},
Publisher = {AMER AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds326959}
}
@misc{fds326958,
Author = {SHYAMSUNDAR, P and KRAMER, RA},
Title = {DOES CONTINGENT VALUATION WORK IN NONMARKET
ECONOMIES},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1309-1309},
Publisher = {AMER AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC},
Year = {1993},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds326958}
}
@article{fds266785,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Shabman, L},
Title = {The effects of agricultural and tax policy reform on the
economic return to wetland drainage in the Mississippi Delta
region},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {3},
Pages = {249-262},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146591},
Abstract = {The conversion of wetlands to cropland has been a common
land use activity in many parts of the US. Two major policy
reforms occurred in the 1980s to reduce Federal incentives
to drain and clear wetlands: the denial of farm program
benefits to those who cleared wetlands (the "swampbuster'
provision of the Food Security Act of 1985) and the
elimination of income tax deductions for drainage expenses
(enacted in the Tax Reform Act of 1986). A stochastic
simulation analysis of three representative counties in
Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi shows that both reforms
reduced the economic feasibility of wetlands conversion.
-Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/3146591},
Key = {fds266785}
}
@article{fds266782,
Author = {Zuhair, SMM and Taylor, DB and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Choice of utility function form: its effect on
classification of risk preferences and the prediction of
farmer decisions},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics (United Kingdom)},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {333-344},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0169-5150},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5150(92)90009-N},
Abstract = {In applications of expected utility analysis, researchers
are confronted with a choice among several utility
functional forms. Subjective utility values and probability
distributions for price and yield were elicited from Sri
Lankan producers of minor export crops. Exponential
quadratic and cubic utility functions were estimated. The
choice of functional form was found to affect both the
classification of risk attitudes and the prediction of
harvesting strategy. The exponential function was the best
predictor of harvesting strategy because it was the best
predictor of mature harvesting. All three functions were
equally poor predictors of premature harvesting. ©
1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0169-5150(92)90009-N},
Key = {fds266782}
}
@article{fds266784,
Author = {Halstead, JM and Batie, SS and Taylor, D and Heatwole, CD and Diebel,
PL and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Impacts of uncertainty on policy costs of managing nonpoint
source ground water contamination},
Journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agriculture},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Pages = {29-48},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J064v01n04_04},
Abstract = {Ground water contamination from agricultural nitrates poses
potential adverse health effects to a large segment of the
rural population of the United States. Unlike point source
contaminants, these contaminants are often stochastic in
nature. A mixed integer programming model of a
representative dairy farm in Rockingham County, Virginia
with stochastic constraints (generated by a physical
transport model) on nitrate loading to ground water and
silage production was used to simulate the impacts of
considering the annual variabili in nitrate loading on
policy costs. The results X. imply substantially igher
policy costs than when average loadings alone were
considered. © 1991 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1300/J064v01n04_04},
Key = {fds266784}
}
@misc{fds326960,
Author = {ZHU, MK and TAYLOR, DB and KRAMER, RA},
Title = {A CHANCE-CONSTRAINED PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS OF SOIL
CONSERVATION - AN EXAMINATION OF THE NORMALITY
ASSUMPTION},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {72},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1361-1361},
Publisher = {AMER AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC},
Year = {1990},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds326960}
}
@article{fds326961,
Author = {Halstead, JM and Kramer, RA and Batie, SS},
Title = {Logit Analysis of Information in Animal Waste
Management},
Journal = {Jpa},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {540-544},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1990.0540},
Doi = {10.2134/jpa1990.0540},
Key = {fds326961}
}
@article{fds266783,
Author = {McDowell, H and Kramer, RA and Price, JM},
Title = {An analysis of US farm income policies: historical, market-
determined, and sector-wide stabilization},
Journal = {Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-11},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200001126},
Abstract = {This paper provides an economic analysis of the historical
agricultural price and income support policy, a policy of
market-determined prices and income, and a policy linking
market-determined prices with sector-wide farm income
stabilization in years of economic disaster. The analysis
compares commodity prices, net farm income, and government
expenditures over the period 1970 through 1982 based on
estimates generated by USDA's Food and Agricultural Policy
Simulator. -from Authors},
Doi = {10.1017/s0081305200001126},
Key = {fds266783}
}
@article{fds322088,
Author = {McSweeny, WT and Kenyon, DE and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Toward an Appropriate Measure of Uncertainty in a Risk
Programming Model},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-96},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241309},
Abstract = {The measure of uncertainty in a risk-programming problem has
long posed a dilemma. The use of the variance of realized
returns assumes that the distribution of realized returns is
the same as the distribution anticipated by the decision
maker prior to the start of production. Rejection of this
maintained hypothesis requires either direct elicitation of
these distributions or construction of another measure from
realized data. A mean-squared forecast error is considered
an appropriate measure. Optimal solutions to a quadratic
risk-programming problem are obtained using this measure and
compared to those obtained using traditional measures. ©
1987 American Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1241309},
Key = {fds322088}
}
@article{fds266781,
Author = {McSweeny, WT and Kramer, RA},
Title = {The integration of farm programs for achieving soil
conservation and nonpoint pollution control
objectives.},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-173},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146334},
Abstract = {A specific objective is to examine the impact of two
cross-compliance scenarios on farm level decision making.
The first strategy would permit acecss to program benefits
as long as a total farm soil loss limit is not exceeded. The
second strategy would require protection of crop acreage by
BMPs as a precondition to program enrollment or insurance
purchase, regardless of soil loss.-from Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/3146334},
Key = {fds266781}
}
@article{fds322089,
Author = {Kramer, RA},
Title = {Reexamining agricultural policy: Selected issues and
alternatives},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1222-1225},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241856},
Doi = {10.2307/1241856},
Key = {fds322089}
}
@article{fds322090,
Author = {McSweeny, WT and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Soil conservation with uncertain revenues and input
supplies: Reply},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {2},
Pages = {361-363},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241443},
Doi = {10.2307/1241443},
Key = {fds322090}
}
@article{fds322091,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Pope, RD},
Title = {Participation in farm commodity programs: A stochastic
dominance analysis: Reply},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {189-190},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241671},
Doi = {10.2307/1241671},
Key = {fds322091}
}
@article{fds266776,
Author = {Greene, CR and Kramer, RA and Norton, GW and Rajotte, EG and Robert,
M},
Title = {An economic analysis of soybean integrated pest
management},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {567-572},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241077},
Abstract = {The type ofpest management strategy a farmer chooses is
influenced by the amount of risk associated with alternative
strategies. This paper examines the attractiveness of
alternative pest management strategies used on a
representative Virginia soybean farm. Probability
distfibutions of net revenue associated with alternative
pest control options are simulated and then compared using
generalized stochastic dominance criteria. Results suggest
risk-averse and, in some cases, risk-preferring farmers
would prefer strategies which incorporate an integrated pest
management approach to pest control rather than one which
relies completely on chemical pest control. © 1984 American
Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1241077},
Key = {fds266776}
}
@article{fds266778,
Author = {Segarra, E and Kramer, RA and Taylor, DB},
Title = {A stochastic programming analysis of the farm level
implications of soil erosion control.},
Journal = {Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-154},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200025140},
Abstract = {A disaggregated approach was used because of an interest in
examining the impact of probabilistic soil loss constraints
on farm level decisionmaking. A stochastic programming model
was used to consider different levels of probability of soil
loss. Traditional methods of analysis are shown to
consistently overestimate net returns.-Authors},
Doi = {10.1017/s0081305200025140},
Key = {fds266778}
}
@article{fds266779,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Batie, SS},
Title = {Cross compliance concepts in agricultural programs: the New
Deal to the present ( soil conservation).},
Journal = {Agricultural History},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {307-319},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Examines the origins of cross compliance as an approach to
soil conservation policy during the New Deal era to
determine reasons for its consideration and subsequent
dilution. Explores the evolution of cross compliance over
time. Specific attention is given to the use of cross
compliance to gain political acceptability and meet legal
requirements in order to achieve nonconservation goals.
Finally, reasons for the recent renaissance of cross
compliance are discussed.-from AuthorsDept. Agric. Econs.,
Virginia Poly. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA,
USA.},
Key = {fds266779}
}
@article{fds266780,
Author = {Kerns, WR and Kramer, RA},
Title = {FARMERS' ATTITUDES TOWARD NONPOINT POLLUTION CONTROL AND
PARTICIPATION IN COST‐SHARE PROGRAMS},
Journal = {Journal of the American Water Resources Association},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-215},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0043-1370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00130.x},
Abstract = {The success of government programs to control nonpoint
source pollution depends upon attitudes toward those
programs and the availability of technical and financial
assistance. Applicants for the Rural Clean Water Program
cost‐share funding in Virginia possess different personal
and operational characteristics than do nonapplicants.
Factors associated with participation in the Rural Clean
Water Program differed from those associated with the more
traditional soil conservation programs. Discriminant
analysis was used to differentiate between other farmers who
may become applicants and nonapplicants. Farmers' attitudes
toward various policy options for inducing implementation of
nonpoint source management practices varied greatly. Farmers
were most favorable to cost sharing, low‐interest loans
and tax credits, and least favorable to a soil loss tax.
They were either very favorably or very unfavorably inclined
toward cross‐compliance between pollution control and
other agricultural programs. Copyright © 1985, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00130.x},
Key = {fds266780}
}
@article{fds322092,
Author = {Kramer, RA},
Title = {Shifting foundations of agricultural policy analysis when
risk markets are incomplete: Discussion},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1020-1021},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241365},
Doi = {10.2307/1241365},
Key = {fds322092}
}
@article{fds322093,
Author = {Capps, O and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Analysis of food stamp participation using qualitative
choice models},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-59},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1240823},
Abstract = {Food stamp program participation at the household level was
analyzed using a nationwide sample of households as well as
refined measures of residential location, source of income,
and household age distribution. Additionally, an empirical
comparison of probit analysis vis-à-vis logit analysis was
provided. The criteria for the comparison consisted of the
use of estimated parameter values, signs, magnitudes, and
test statistics, goodness-of-fit to sample data, predictive
ability to independent data samples, and non-nested testing
procedures. On the basis of this application, the two
alternatives appeared to perform equally well. © 1985
American Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1240823},
Key = {fds322093}
}
@article{fds266774,
Author = {Kerns, WR and Kramer, RA},
Title = {ATTITUDES TOWARD CONTROL OF AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT POLLUTION
AND PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION.},
Pages = {339-346},
Year = {1984},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Successful implementation of nonpoint pollution management
strategies depends upon attitudes toward those strategies
and the avialability of technical and financial assistance.
In the Nansemond River-Chuckatuck Creek watershed in
Virginia, applicants for RCWP cost share funding possess
different personal and operational characteristics than do
nonapplicants. In many cases these characteristics are
different for the nonpoint management funding than has been
reported in the literature for the more traditional
conservation and soil erosion control programs. A
discriminant analysis technique was used to differentiate
between potential applicants and nonapplicants. Farmers in
the study area had a fairly consistent opinion of various
policy options for enticing implementation of nonpoint
source management strategies. As expected, farmers were most
favorable to cost share, low interest loans and tax
credits.},
Key = {fds266774}
}
@article{fds266777,
Author = {Kramer, RA and McSweeny, WT and Kerns, WR and Stavros,
RW},
Title = {AN EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE POLICIES FOR CONTROLLING
AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION},
Journal = {Journal of the American Water Resources Association},
Volume = {20},
Number = {6},
Pages = {841-846},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0043-1370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1984.tb04790.x},
Abstract = {An economic analysis of nonpoint source pollution management
was conducted for the Nansemond River and Chuckatuck Creek
watersheds in Southeast Virginia. The potential effects of
alternative public policies on farm income, land use, and
pollution loadings were investigated. Regulatory programs
could have quite different impacts depending on which
pollutant is targeted. Cost‐share rates greater than 50
percent would have little additional effect on pollution
from crop enterprises, but would reduce pollution from
livestock Copyright © 1984, Wiley Blackwell. All rights
reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1752-1688.1984.tb04790.x},
Key = {fds266777}
}
@article{fds266773,
Author = {Kramer, RA and McSweeny, WT and Stavros, RW},
Title = {Soil conservation with uncertain revenues and input
supplies},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {694-702},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1240457},
Abstract = {The influence of risk on farm level soil conservation
decisions is examined. A symmetric quadratic
risk–programming model is used which allows the
simultaneous consideration of uncertainty in revenues and
input supplies. It is demonstrated that risk aversion can
influence the selection of soil–conserving activities. ©
1983 American Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1240457},
Key = {fds266773}
}
@article{fds266775,
Author = {Kramer, RA},
Title = {Crop insurance as a strategy for agricultural
development.},
Journal = {Rural Development: Growth and Inequity. Papers From 18th
Iaae Conference},
Pages = {183-188},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Reviews the operation and performance of existing crop
insurance programmes in selected developed and developing
countries, and presents a procedure for evaluating the
attractiveness to farmers of such programmes. Demonstrates
the ease with which some recent developments in decision
theory can be applied to micro level policy analysis. By
constructing a normative risk model with modest data
requirements, policy analysts can evaluate the effects of
changes in programme parameters on the incentives to
purchase crop insurance.-Author},
Key = {fds266775}
}
%% Kranton, Rachel
@article{fds358746,
Author = {Lee, VK and Kranton, RE and Conzo, P and Huettel,
SA},
Title = {The hidden cost of humanization: Individuating information
reduces prosocial behavior toward in-group
members},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {86},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2021.102424},
Abstract = {This paper reports robust experimental evidence that
humanization—in the form of individuating information
about another's personal preferences—leads to decreased
prosocial behavior toward in-group members. Previous
research shows that individuating information increases
prosocial behavior toward dehumanized out-group members. Its
consequences for in-group members, however, are less well
understood. Using methods from social psychology and
behavioral economics, four experiments show that
individuating information decreases pro-social behavior
toward in-group members in a variety of settings (charitable
giving, altruistic punishment, and trust games). Moreover,
this effect results from decreased reliance on group
membership labels, and not from other potential explanations
like the induction of new group identities. Understanding
these effects sheds light on the motives behind intergroup
conflict, which may not result from a difference in social
perception (i.e., humanized in-groups and dehumanized
out-groups), but rather from biases associated with group
membership (i.e., in-group favoritism and out-group
discrimination) that are eliminated by individuating
information. Together, these results indicate that
humanization carries a hidden cost for in-group members by
disrupting group identities that would otherwise make them
targets of altruistic actions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.joep.2021.102424},
Key = {fds358746}
}
@article{fds356402,
Author = {Khaw, MW and Kranton, R and Huettel, S},
Title = {Oversampling of minority categories drives misperceptions of
group compositions.},
Journal = {Cognition},
Volume = {214},
Pages = {104756},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104756},
Abstract = {The ability to estimate proportions informs our immediate
impressions of social environments (e.g., of the diversity
of races or genders within a crowded room). This study
examines how the distribution of attention during brief
glances shapes estimates of group gender proportions.
Performance-wise, subjects exhibit a canonical pattern of
judgment errors: small proportions are overestimated while
large values are underestimated. Subjects' eye movements at
sub-second timescales reveal that these biases follow from a
tendency to visually oversample members of the gender
minority. Rates of oversampling dovetail with average levels
of error magnitudes, response variability, and response
times. Visual biases are thus associated with the inherent
difficulty in estimating particular proportions. All results
are replicated at a within-subjects level with non-human
ensembles using natural scene stimuli; the observed
attentional patterns and judgment biases are thus not
exclusively guided by face-specific visual properties. Our
results reveal the biased distribution of attention
underlying typical judgment errors of group
proportions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104756},
Key = {fds356402}
}
@article{fds363908,
Author = {Thomas, D and Lawton, R and Brown, T and Kranton,
R},
Title = {Prevalence, severity and distribution of depression and
anxiety symptoms using observational data collected before
and nine months into the COVID-19 pandemic.},
Journal = {Lancet regional health. Americas},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {100009},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2021.100009},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic has been
accompanied by substantial increases in adverse mental
health, particularly among the young. However, it remains
unclear to what extent increases in population scores on
mental health assessments are due to changes in prevalence,
rather than severity of symptoms. Further, it is not obvious
that widely used assessments of aggregate symptoms retain
their typical interpretation during an event that directly
disrupts behavior.<h4>Methods</h4>Pre-pandemic data on
workers age 18-69y in the 2019 National Health Interview
Survey are reweighted to match distributions of demographic
characteristics of Duke University employees surveyed nine
months into the pandemic. The latter population was at low
risk of infection or economic insecurity. Prevalence,
severity, and scores for each of nine symptoms are compared
overall and by age group.<h4>Outcomes</h4>Elevated
psychological distress is primarily driven by increases in
prevalence of particular symptoms. Prevalence of trouble
concentrating increased six-fold from 9.6% to 72.5%. Other
symptoms increased by over one-third; feeling anxious,
having little interest, feeling depressed, sleep problems
and being irritable, while some symptoms rose only 10% or
less. Severity also increased but magnitudes are small
relative to prevalence changes. Escalation in prevalence and
severity are greatest for the youngest.<h4>Interpretation</h4>Some
of the least prevalent symptoms pre-pandemic became the most
prevalent during the pandemic, affecting interpretation of
indices validated pre-pandemic. Clinical and policy
interventions should focus on specific symptoms that
increased including trouble concentrating and
anxiety.<h4>Funding</h4>Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
and Social Science Research Institute at Duke
University.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.lana.2021.100009},
Key = {fds363908}
}
@article{fds351432,
Author = {Kranton, R and Pease, M and Sanders, S and Huettel,
S},
Title = {Deconstructing bias in social preferences reveals groupy and
not-groupy behavior.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {117},
Number = {35},
Pages = {21185-21193},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918952117},
Abstract = {Group divisions are a continual feature of human history,
with biases toward people's own groups shown in both
experimental and natural settings. Using a within-subject
design, this paper deconstructs group biases to find
significant and robust individual differences; some
individuals consistently respond to group divisions, while
others do not. We examined individual behavior in two
treatments in which subjects make pairwise decisions that
determine own and others' incomes. In a political treatment,
which divided subjects into groups based on their political
leanings, political party members showed more in-group bias
than Independents who professed the same political opinions.
However, this greater bias was also present in a minimal
group treatment, showing that stronger group identification
was not the driver of higher favoritism in the political
setting. Analyzing individual choices across the experiment,
we categorize participants as "groupy" or "not groupy," such
that groupy participants have social preferences that change
for in-group and out-group recipients, while not-groupy
participants' preferences do not change across group
context. Demonstrating further that the group identity of
the recipient mattered less to their choices, strongly
not-groupy subjects made allocation decisions faster. We
conclude that observed in-group biases build on a foundation
of heterogeneity in individual groupiness.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1918952117},
Key = {fds351432}
}
@article{fds341870,
Author = {Amasino, DR and Sullivan, NJ and Kranton, RE and Huettel,
SA},
Title = {Amount and time exert independent influences on
intertemporal choice.},
Journal = {Nature human behaviour},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {383-392},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0537-2},
Abstract = {Intertemporal choices involve trade-offs between the value
of rewards and the delay before those rewards are
experienced. Canonical intertemporal choice models such as
hyperbolic discounting assume that reward amount and time
until delivery are integrated within each option prior to
comparison<sup>1,2</sup>. An alternative view posits that
intertemporal choice reflects attribute-wise processes in
which amount and time attributes are compared
separately<sup>3-6</sup>. Here, we use multi-attribute drift
diffusion modelling (DDM) to show that attribute-wise
comparison represents the choice process better than
option-wise comparison for intertemporal choice in a young
adult population. We find that, while accumulation rates for
amount and time information are uncorrelated, the difference
between those rates predicts individual differences in
patience. Moreover, patient individuals incorporate amount
earlier than time into the decision process. Using eye
tracking, we link these modelling results to attention,
showing that patience results from a rapid, attribute-wise
process that prioritizes amount over time information. Thus,
we find converging evidence that distinct evaluation
processes for amount and time determine intertemporal
financial choices. Because intertemporal decisions in the
lab have been linked to failures of patience ranging from
insufficient saving to addiction<sup>7-13</sup>,
understanding individual differences in the choice process
is important for developing more effective
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41562-019-0537-2},
Key = {fds341870}
}
@article{fds343586,
Author = {Kranton, R},
Title = {The devil is in the details: Implications of Samuel
bowles’s the moral economy for economics and policy
research},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {57},
Number = {1},
Pages = {147-160},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171463},
Abstract = {All economists should buy and read The Moral Economy by
Samuel Bowles. The book challenges basic premises of
economic theory and questions policies based on monetary
incentives. Incentives not only crowd out intrinsic
motivations, they Erode the ethical and moral codes
necessary for the workings of markets. Bowles boldly
suggests that successful policies must combine incentives
and moral messages, exploiting complementarities between the
two. This essay argues that to achieve this objective,
economists must study the local institutions and social
context and engage untraditional data to uncover the
interplay of incentives and identity.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20171463},
Key = {fds343586}
}
@article{fds337046,
Author = {Bloch, F and Demange, G and Kranton, R},
Title = {RUMORS AND SOCIAL NETWORKS},
Pages = {421-448},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12275},
Abstract = {This article studies the transmission of rumors in social
networks. We consider a model with biased and unbiased
agents. Biased agents want to enforce a specific decision
and unbiased agents to match the true state. One agent
learns the true state and sends a message to her neighbors,
who decide whether or not to transmit it further. We
characterize the perfect Bayesian equilibria of the game,
show that the social network can act as a filter, and that
biased agents may have an incentive to limit their
number.},
Doi = {10.1111/iere.12275},
Key = {fds337046}
}
@misc{fds326598,
Author = {Kranton, RE and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Groupy versus non-groupy social preferences: Personality,
region, and political party},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Pages = {65-69},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171096},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20171096},
Key = {fds326598}
}
@article{fds325259,
Author = {Immorlica, N and Kranton, R and Manea, M and Stoddard,
G},
Title = {Social status in networks},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-30},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20160082},
Abstract = {We study social comparisons and status seeking in an
interconnected society. Individuals take costly actions that
have direct benefits and also confer social status. A new
measure of interconnectedness- cohesion-captures the
intensity of incentives for seeking status. Equilibria
stratify players into social classes, with each class's
action pinned down by cohesion. A network decomposition
algorithm characterizes the highest (and most inefficient)
equilibrium. Members of the largest maximally cohesive set
form the highest class. Alternatively, players not belonging
to sets more cohesive than the set of all nodes constitute
the lowest class. Intermediate classes are identified by
iterating a cohesion operator. We also characterize networks
that accommodate multiple- class equilibria. (JEL D11, D85,
Z13).},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20160082},
Key = {fds325259}
}
@article{fds238420,
Author = {Harris, L and Lee, VK and Thompson, EH and Kranton,
R},
Title = {Exploring the Generalization Process from Past Behavior to
Predicting Future Behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {419-436},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0894-3257},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1889},
Abstract = {Substantial evidence in social psychology documents that
traits predict behavior. Research in behavioral economics
establishes prior behavioral information—the actual
behavior of another person in the past—influences future
decision making, suggestive of the role of traits in guiding
future behavior, but agnostic to the specific psychological
mechanism. Yet the entire generalization process from past
behavior to predicting future behavior has not been fully
explored. Additionally, previous paradigms do not adequately
dissociate prediction from explanation, and provide
participants with trait information, or rely on participants
to generate the appropriate trait. Here, we combine
literature and experimental approaches in social psychology
and behavioral economics to explore the generalization
process from prior behavior that guides future decisions.
Across three studies utilizing consequential economic game
paradigms and online questionnaires, an initial group of
participants (employees) played a time estimation game and a
charity donations game before a second group of participants
(employers) viewed the behavior of the first group, then
decided whether to invest in employees in a trust game and
rock guessing game. Although participants infer trait warmth
and competence from the behavioral information in the first
two games, estimates of normative behavior predicted
investment decisions on the warmth-relevant games better
than trait inferences. These results dissociate
generalizations guided by warmth and competence behavioral
information, and question the extent to which traits always
serve as heuristics to predict behavior. Copyright © 2015
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bdm.1889},
Key = {fds238420}
}
@misc{fds321817,
Author = {Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity economics 2016: Where do social distinctions and
norms come from?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {5},
Pages = {405-409},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20161038},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20161038},
Key = {fds321817}
}
@article{fds325260,
Author = {Bramoull, Y and Kranton, R and D'Amours, M},
Title = {Strategic Interaction and Networks},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {3},
Pages = {898-930},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Geography and social links shape economic interactions. In
industries, schools, and markets, the entire network
determines outcomes. This paper analyzes a large class of
games and obtains a striking result. Equilibria depend on a
single network measure: the lowest eigenvalue. This paper is
the first to uncover the importance of the lowest eigenvalue
to economic and social outcomes. It captures how much the
network amplifies agents' actions. The paper combines new
tools?potential games, optimization, and spectral graph
theory?to solve for all Nash and stable equilibria and
applies the results to R&D, crime, and the econometrics of
peer effects.},
Key = {fds325260}
}
@article{fds238431,
Author = {Immorlica, N and Kranton, R and Stoddard, G},
Title = {Striving for social status},
Journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic
Commerce},
Pages = {672},
Publisher = {ACM Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229063},
Abstract = {Social comparisons can influence individual decisions.
People compare their income and their belongings to those of
people around them. Prominent scholars, such as Frank
[1985], argue that increasing inequality has led to
excessive spending, as people try to emulate and compete
with the rich. This process accelerates as more people are
exposed to the lives of the rich and what they consume. We
study social comparisons and striving for status in a
network context, focusing on how the status considerations
and network structure influences individual outcomes and
aggregate consumption of goods. We study this phenomenon in
a model where agents choose a level of consumption for a
good with status implications, like cars or designer
clothing. Agents have a linear value for the good and a
convex cost of consumption. Additionally, adopting the model
of Stark andWang [2005], we assume agents suffer a status
loss as they compare to themselves to those with higher
consumption in their peer group. Letting e i represent the
consumption level of agent i, then i suffers a loss equal to
β x max{e j - e i, 0}/|N i| + 1 for each agent j in N i,
i's neighborhood in the network. β parameterizes an agent's
concern for status. Our primary objective is to solve for
and analyze the Nash equilibria. We find that the
best-response function is isotone in the lattice structure
induced by consumption profiles, and so the equilibria of
our game form a non-empty complete lattice. Furthermore,
sequential best-response dynamics from either the min or max
consumption profiles converges in polynomial time to either
the min-consuming or max-consuming equilibrium. We then
study how the consumption and welfare of equilibria change
with respect to status considerations. We find that
consumption at both the minimum-consuming and
maximum-consuming equilibria increases with status
considerations whereas welfare decreases, indicating that
external organizations like luxury good retailers have
incentives to perpetuate the perception of their goods as
status symbols. Welfare, on the other hand, decreases with
status concerns. Starting from any equilibrium and
increasing status concerns causes agents to converge to a
new equilibrium (via best-response dynamics) in which every
agent has (weakly) lower welfare. This supports the
intuition that attempts to "keep up with the Joneses" cause
agents to over-spend. This happens for all agents, even
those that don't know the Joneses, demonstrating the
spillover effects of the network. We conclude with a study
of the network effect on consumption and welfare. We
characterize the set of equilibria by a notion of network
connectivity, called cohesion. Using this, we show that
adding connections can increase or decrease production (and
welfare) as it alters cohesion. © 2012 Authors.},
Doi = {10.1145/2229012.2229063},
Key = {fds238431}
}
@article{fds238433,
Author = {Huettel, SA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity economics and the brain: uncovering the mechanisms
of social conflict.},
Journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Series B, Biological sciences},
Volume = {367},
Number = {1589},
Pages = {680-691},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22271784},
Abstract = {Social contexts can have dramatic effects on decisions. When
individuals recognize each other as coming from the same
social group, they can coordinate their actions towards a
common goal. Conversely, information about group differences
can lead to conflicts both economic and physical.
Understanding how social information shapes decision
processes is now a core goal both of behavioural economics
and neuroeconomics. Here, we describe the foundations for
research that combines the theoretical framework from
identity economics with the experimental methods of
neuroscience. Research at this intersection would fill
important gaps in the literature not addressed by current
approaches in either of these disciplines, nor within social
neuroscience, psychology or other fields. We set forth a
simple taxonomy of social contexts based on the information
content they provide. And, we highlight the key questions
that would be addressed by a new 'identity neuroeconomics'.
Such research could serve as an important and novel link
between the social and natural sciences.},
Doi = {10.1098/rstb.2011.0264},
Key = {fds238433}
}
@book{fds238421,
Author = {Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity Economics: How Our Identities Shape Our Work,
Wages, and Well-Being},
Pages = {1-185},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780691152554},
Abstract = {Identity Economics provides an important and compelling new
way to understand human behavior, revealing how our
identities--and not just economic incentives--influence our
decisions. In 1995, economist Rachel Kranton wrote future
Nobel Prize-winner George Akerlof a letter insisting that
his most recent paper was wrong. Identity, she argued, was
the missing element that would help to explain why
people--facing the same economic circumstances--would make
different choices. This was the beginning of a fourteen-year
collaboration--and of Identity Economics. The authors
explain how our conception of who we are and who we want to
be may shape our economic lives more than any other factor,
affecting how hard we work, and how we learn, spend, and
save. Identity economics is a new way to understand people's
decisions--at work, at school, and at home. With it, we can
better appreciate why incentives like stock options work or
don't; why some schools succeed and others don't; why some
cities and towns don't invest in their futures--and much,
much more. Identity Economics bridges a critical gap in the
social sciences. It brings identity and norms to economics.
People's notions of what is proper, and what is forbidden,
and for whom, are fundamental to how hard they work, and how
they learn, spend, and save. Thus people's identity--their
conception of who they are, and of who they choose to
be--may be the most important factor affecting their
economic lives. And the limits placed by society on people's
identity can also be crucial determinants of their economic
well-being.},
Key = {fds238421}
}
@article{fds238432,
Author = {Akerlof, GA and Kranton, R},
Title = {Identity economics},
Journal = {Economists' Voice},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1553-3832},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/people/kranton/identity_economics},
Abstract = {Why have the relative rates of women smoking grown so much
in the last 100 years? How can the U.S. military do so well
with a relatively flat pay scale? Standard economics hasn't
a clue, but according to Berkeley economist George Akerlof
and Duke economist Rachel Kranton, the answers lie in a new
field called identity economics. © Berkeley Electronic
Press / Project Syndicate.},
Doi = {10.2202/1553-3832.1762},
Key = {fds238432}
}
@article{fds238435,
Author = {Kranton, R and Swamy, AV},
Title = {Contracts, hold-up, and exports: Textiles and opium in
colonial India},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {3},
Pages = {967-989},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1736 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Trade and export, it is argued, spur economic growth. This
paper studies the microeconomics of exporting. We build a
heuristic model of transactions between exporters and
producers and relate it to East India Company (EIC)
operations in colonial Bengal. Our model and the historical
record stress two difficulties: The exporter and its agents
might not uphold payment agreements, and producers might not
honor sales contracts. The model shows when procurement
succeeds or fails, highlighting the tension between these
two hold-up problems. We analyze several cases, including
the EIC's cotton textile venture, the famous Opium Monopoly,
and present-day contract farming.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.3.967},
Key = {fds238435}
}
@article{fds238430,
Author = {Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity, supervision, and work groups},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {212-217},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.212},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.2.212},
Key = {fds238430}
}
@article{fds238446,
Author = {R. Kranton and Bramoullé, Y and Kranton, R},
Title = {Risk-sharing networks},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3-4 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {275-294},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000251181200002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper considers the formation of risk-sharing networks.
Following empirical findings, we build a model where pairs
form links, but a population cannot coordinate links. As a
benchmark, individuals commit to share monetary holdings
equally with linked partners. We find efficient networks can
(indirectly) connect all individuals and involve full
insurance. But equilibrium networks connect fewer
individuals. When breaking links, individuals do not
consider negative externalities on others in the network.
Thus identical individuals can end up in different positions
in a network and have different outcomes. These results may
help to explain empirical findings that risk-sharing is
often asymmetric. © 2007.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2006.10.004},
Key = {fds238446}
}
@article{fds238434,
Author = {Bramoullé, Y and Kranton, R},
Title = {Public goods in networks},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1},
Pages = {478-494},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1943 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper considers incentives to provide goods that are
non-excludable along social or geographic links. We find,
first, that networks can lead to specialization in public
good provision. In every social network there is an
equilibrium where some individuals contribute and others
free ride. In many networks, this extreme is the only
outcome. Second, specialization can benefit society as a
whole. This outcome arises when contributors are linked,
collectively, to many agents. Finally, a new link increases
access to public goods, but reduces individual incentives to
contribute. Hence, overall welfare can be higher when there
are holes in a network. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2006.06.006},
Key = {fds238434}
}
@article{fds238428,
Author = {Bramoullé, Y and Kranton, R},
Title = {Risk sharing across communities},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Pages = {70-74},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/%7Erek8/bramoullekrantonrisksharingcrosscommjan0207.pdf},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.97.2.70},
Key = {fds238428}
}
@article{fds238445,
Author = {R. Kranton and Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity and the economics of organizations},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-32},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0895330053147930},
Doi = {10.1257/0895330053147930},
Key = {fds238445}
}
@misc{fds238423,
Author = {Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Social divisions within schools: How school policies can
affect students' identities and educational
choices},
Pages = {180-203},
Booktitle = {The Social Economics of Poverty: On Identities, Communities,
Groups, and Networks},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780203799659},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799659},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203799659},
Key = {fds238423}
}
@article{fds142918,
Author = {D. Minehart},
Title = {Vertical Merger and Specific Investments: A Tale of the
Second Best},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142918}
}
@article{fds142919,
Author = {R. Kranton and G. Akerlof},
Title = {Identity and the Economics of Organizations},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142919}
}
@article{fds238438,
Author = {Kranton, RE},
Title = {Competition and the incentive to produce high
quality},
Journal = {Economica},
Volume = {70},
Number = {279},
Pages = {385-404},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0335.t01-1-00289},
Abstract = {Previous literature indicates that, when quality is a choice
variable, firms have an incentive to produce high quality to
maintain their reputations with consumers. The strategic
interaction among firms and competition for market share is
not considered. This paper finds that, when firms compete
for market share, perfect equilibria in which firms produce
high-quality goods need not exist. Competition for customers
can eliminate the price premium needed to induce firms to
maintain a reputation for high-quality production. In this
case, economists and policy analysts should pay greater
attention to the interaction among firms and the
institutions, such as professional associations, that
structure interfirm relations when considering whether firms
have an incentive to produce high-quality
goods.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0335.t01-1-00289},
Key = {fds238438}
}
@misc{fds142925,
Author = {R. Kranton and G. Akerlof},
Title = {Social Divisions within Schools: How school policies can
affect students' identities and educational
choices},
Booktitle = {The Social Economics of Poverty: On Identities, Groups,
Communities and Networks},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Address = {London},
Editor = {C. Barret},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds142925}
}
@misc{fds142926,
Author = {R. Kranton and G. Akerlof},
Title = {A Model of Poverty and Oppositional Culture},
Booktitle = {Markets and Governments},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {K. Basu and P. Nayak and R. Ray},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds142926}
}
@misc{fds142937,
Author = {R. Kranton and G. Akerlof},
Title = {Identity and Schooling},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142937}
}
@article{fds238444,
Author = {R. Kranton and Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Identity and schooling: Some lessons for the economics of
education},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1167-1201},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1926 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/.40.4.1167},
Key = {fds238444}
}
@article{fds238443,
Author = {R. Kranton and Kranton, RE and Minehart, DF},
Title = {A theory of buyer-seller networks},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {3},
Pages = {485-508},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1735 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper introduces a new model of exchange: networks,
rather than markets, of buyers and sellers. It begins with
the empirically motivated premise that a buyer and seller
must have a relationship, a "link," to exchange goods.
Networks - buyers, sellers, and the pattern of links
connecting them - are common exchange environments. This
paper develops a methodology to study network structures and
explains why agents may form networks. In a model that
captures characteristics of a variety of industries, the
paper shows that buyers and sellers, acting strategically in
their own self-interests, can form the network structures
that maximize overall welfare.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.91.3.485},
Key = {fds238443}
}
@misc{fds142936,
Author = {R. Kranton and G. Akerlof},
Title = {Economics and Identity},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds142936}
}
@article{fds238427,
Author = {Akerlof, GA and Kranton, RE},
Title = {Economics and identity},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {115},
Number = {3},
Pages = {715-753},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1993 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper considers how identity, a person's sense of self,
affects economic outcomes. We incorporate the psychology and
sociology of identity into an economic model of behavior. In
the utility function we propose, identity is associated with
different social categories and how people in these
categories should behave. We then construct a simple
game-theoretic model showing how identity can affect
individual interactions. The paper adapts these models to
gender discrimination in the workplace, the economics of
poverty and social exclusion, and the household division of
labor. In each case, the inclusion of identity substantively
changes conclusions of previous economic
analysis.},
Doi = {10.1162/003355300554881},
Key = {fds238427}
}
@article{fds238440,
Author = {R. Kranton and Kranton, RE and Minehart, DF},
Title = {Networks versus vertical integration},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {570-601},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2628 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We construct a theory to compare vertically integrated firms
to networks of manufacturers and suppliers. Vertically
integrated firms make their own specialized inputs. In
networks, manufacturers procure specialized inputs from
suppliers that, in turn, sell to several manufacturers. The
analysis shows that networks can yield greater social
welfare when manufacturers experience large idiosyncratic
demand shocks. Individual firms may also have the incentive
to form networks, despite the lack of long-term contracts.
The analysis is supported by existing evidence and provides
predictions as to the shape of different
industries.},
Doi = {10.2307/2601001},
Key = {fds238440}
}
@article{fds238442,
Author = {R. Kranton and Kranton, RE and Minehart, DF},
Title = {Competition for goods in buyer-seller networks},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {301-331},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013691},
Abstract = {This paper studies competition in a network and how a
network structure determines agents' individual payoffs. It
constructs a general model of competition that can serve as
a reduced form for specific models. The paper shows how
agents' outside options, and hence their shares of surplus,
derive from "opportunity paths" connecting them to direct
and indirect alternative exchanges. Analyzing these paths,
results show how third parties' links affect different
agents' bargaining power. Even distant links may have large
effects on agents' earnings. These payoff results, and the
identification of the paths themselves, should prove useful
to further analysis of network structure. © Springer-Verlag
2000.},
Doi = {10.1007/PL00013691},
Key = {fds238442}
}
@article{fds238439,
Author = {R. Kranton and Kranton, RE and Swamy, AV},
Title = {The hazards of piecemeal reform: British civil courts and
the credit market in colonial India},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-24},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3878(98)00100-X},
Abstract = {The colonial experience of developing countries provides
valuable evidence regarding the impact of legal and
institutional innovations on economic growth. However, there
has been little effort by economists to study colonial
policies to gain theoretical insights into the process of
institutional reform. This paper considers the introduction
of civil courts in colonial India and its impact on
agricultural credit markets in the Bombay Deccan. Drawing on
historical records and a formal analysis of the credit
market, the paper finds that the reform led to increased
competition among lenders. Ex ante, we expect that this
would have raised farmers' welfare. But increased
competition also reduced lenders' incentives to subsidize
farmers' investments in times of crisis, leaving them more
vulnerable in bad times. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-3878(98)00100-X},
Key = {fds238439}
}
@article{fds238437,
Author = {Kranton, RE},
Title = {Reciprocal Exchange: A Self-Sustaining System},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {830-851},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1732 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Reciprocal exchange, or gift exchange, remains a widespread
means of obtaining goods and services. This paper examines
the persistence of reciprocal exchange by formalizing the
interaction between self-enforcing exchange agreements and
monetary market exchange. When more people engage in
reciprocal exchange, market search costs increase,
reciprocity is easier to enforce and yields higher utility.
Thus, personalized exchange can persist even when it is
inefficient. Conversely, large markets can destroy
reciprocity when reciprocal exchange is efficient. The
results characterize the use of personal "connections" as a
system of reciprocal exchange and explain the disappearance
of reciprocity when tribes encounter markets.},
Key = {fds238437}
}
@article{fds238436,
Author = {Kranton, RE},
Title = {The formation of cooperative relationships},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {214-233},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023358},
Abstract = {This article investigates how individuals forge and maintain
cooperative relationships when there is always the
possibility of starting again with a new partner. The
analysis shows that an ever-present opportunity to form new
relationships need not destroy cooperation. Simple
strategies achieve the (constrained) optimal level of
cooperation. These strategies involve a "bond" in the form
of reduced utility at the beginning of a relationship. Two
newly matched agents may have an incentive to forgo paying
this bond, given that everyone else in the population
requires payment of a bond to start a new relationship. This
incentive disappears, however, if there is enough initial
uncertainty about a new partner's valuation of future
utility. Accounts from the sociological and anthropological
literature indicate that individuals may indeed pay bonds to
form cooperative relationships.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023358},
Key = {fds238436}
}
%% Kuran, Timur
@article{fds369893,
Author = {Enikolopov, R and Kuran, T and Li, H},
Title = {Changes to JCE's board of associate editors},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.003},
Key = {fds369893}
}
@article{fds343458,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Zakat: Islam’s missed opportunity to limit predatory
taxation},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {182},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {395-416},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-019-00663-x},
Abstract = {One of Islam’s five canonical pillars is a predictable,
fixed, and mildly progressive tax system called zakat. It
was meant to finance various causes typical of a pre-modern
government. Implicit in the entire transfer system was
personal property rights as well as constraints on
government—two key elements of a liberal order. Those
features could have provided the starting point for
broadening political liberties under a state with explicitly
restricted functions. Instead, just a few decades after the
rise of Islam, zakat opened the door to arbitrary political
rule and material insecurity. A major reason is that the
Quran does not make explicit the underlying principles of
governance. It simply outlines the specifics of zakat as
they related to conditions in seventh-century
Arabia.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-019-00663-x},
Key = {fds343458}
}
@misc{fds365147,
Author = {Kuran, T and Romero, D},
Title = {THE LOGIC OF REVOLUTIONS: Rational Choice
Perspectives},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {345-360},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice: Volume
2},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780190469788},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190469771.013.16},
Abstract = {However easily explicable in hindsight, revolutions are
typically unforeseeable, because key determinants of
individual decisions to join protests are unobservable.
Coupled with the interdependence of individual choices,
unobservability ensures that many revolutions occur through
cascades. Surveying research on the dynamics of revolutions,
this article evaluates insights into the connections between
the likelihood of protests and individual freedoms. Other
findings include: that network structure shapes motivations
to participate in collective action; that social media
facilitate mobilization and also quicken the diffusion of
information through pre-established networks; that using
social media as a mobilization tool poses growing personal
risks as regimes learn to monitor the internet; and that a
revolution may trigger other revolutions by altering
individuals’ expected payoffs around the
world.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190469771.013.16},
Key = {fds365147}
}
@article{fds341375,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islam and economic performance: Historical and contemporary
links},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {56},
Pages = {1292-1359},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171243},
Abstract = {This essay critically evaluates the analytic literature
concerned with causal connections between Islam and economic
performance. It focuses on works since 1997, when this
literature was last surveyed comprehensively. Among the
findings are the following: Ramadan fasting by pregnant
women harms prenatal development; Islamic charities mainly
benefit the middle class; Islam affects educational outcomes
less through Islamic schooling than through structural
factors that handicap learning as a whole; Islamic finance
has a negligible effect on Muslim financial behavior; and
low generalized trust depresses Muslim trade. The last
feature reflects the Muslim world's delay in transitioning
from personal to impersonal exchange. The delay resulted
from the persistent simplicity of the private enterprises
formed under Islamic law. Weak property rights reinforced
the private sector's stagnation by driving capital from
commerce to rigid waqfs. Waqfs limited economic development
through their inflexibility and democratization by keeping
civil society embryonic. Parts of the Muslim world conquered
by Arab armies are especially undemocratic, which suggests
that early Islamic institutions were particularly critical
to the persistence of authoritarian patterns of governance.
States have contributed to the persistence of
authoritarianism by treating Islam as an instrument of
governance. As the world started to industrialize,
non-Muslim subjects of Muslim-governed states pulled ahead
of their Muslim neighbors, partly by exercising the choice
of law they enjoyed under Islamic law in favor of a Western
legal system.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20171243},
Key = {fds341375}
}
@article{fds325437,
Author = {Enikolopov, R and Kuran, T and Li, H},
Title = {Statement by New Editors},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {iii-iv},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0147-5967(17)30014-8},
Doi = {10.1016/S0147-5967(17)30014-8},
Key = {fds325437}
}
@article{fds324692,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Legal roots of authoritarian rule in the middle east: Civic
legacies of the islamic waqf},
Journal = {American Journal of Comparative Law},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {419-454},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5131/AJCL.2016.0014},
Abstract = {In the legal system of the premodern Middle East, the
closest thing to an autonomous private organization was the
Islamic waqf. This non-state institution inhibited political
participation, collective action, and rule of law, among
other indicators of democratization. It did so through
several mechanisms. Its activities were essentially set by
its founder, which limited its capacity to meet political
challenges. Being designed to provide a service on its own,
it could not participate in lasting political coalitions.
The waqf's beneficiaries had no say in evaluating or
selecting its officers, and they had trouble forming a
political community. Thus, for all the resources it
controlled, the Islamic waqf contributed minimally to
building civil society. As a core element of Islam's
classical institutional complex, it perpetuated
authoritarian rule by keeping the state largely
unrestrained. Therein lies a key reason for the slow pace of
the Middle East's democratization process.},
Doi = {10.5131/AJCL.2016.0014},
Key = {fds324692}
}
@article{fds320596,
Author = {Kuran, T and Rubin, J},
Title = {The Financial Power of the Powerless: Socio-Economic Status
and Interest Rates under Partial Rule of
Law},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {128},
Number = {609},
Pages = {758-796},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12389},
Doi = {10.1111/ecoj.12389},
Key = {fds320596}
}
@article{fds322426,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {A comment on Ali Yaycioǧlu's review of Timur Kuran, Ed.,
Social and economic life in seventeenth-century Istanbul:
Glimpses from court records, vols. 1-10 (IJMES 47 [2015]:
625-27)},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {429-432},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743816000362},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The August 2015 issue of<jats:italic>IJMES</jats:italic>reviews
a ten-volume compilation of 17th-century Istanbul court
records, issued between 2010 and 2013 under my editorship.
The review offers useful quibbles that highlight differences
between the priorities of historians and those of analytical
social scientists. These comments fall within the boundaries
of healthy academic discourse.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/S0020743816000362},
Key = {fds322426}
}
@article{fds326177,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 5, pg 584,
2010)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326177}
}
@article{fds326178,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 9, pg 529,
2013)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326178}
}
@article{fds326179,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 7, pg 677,
2012)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326179}
}
@article{fds326180,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 2, pg 659,
2010)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326180}
}
@article{fds326181,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 3, pg 544,
2011)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326181}
}
@article{fds326182,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 4, pg 708,
2010)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326182}
}
@article{fds326183,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 8, pg 651,
2012)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326183}
}
@article{fds326184,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 10, pg 497,
2013)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds326184}
}
@article{fds326185,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 10, pg 497,
2013)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds326185}
}
@article{fds326186,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Social and Economic Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul:
Glimpses from Court Records (vol 8, pg 651,
2012)},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-437},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds326186}
}
@article{fds238447,
Author = {Çokgezen, M and Kuran, T},
Title = {Between Consumer Demand and Islamic Law: The Evolution of
Islamic Credit Cards in Turkey},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {862-882},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0147-5967},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2015.07.005},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jce.2015.07.005},
Key = {fds238447}
}
@article{fds320597,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Institutional Roots of Authoritarian Rule in the Middle
East: Civic Legacies of the Islamic Waqf},
Number = {171},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {In the pre-modern Middle East the closest thing to an
autonomous private organization was the Islamic waqf. This
non-state institution inhibited political participation,
collective action, and rule of law, among other indicators
of democratization. It did so through several mechanisms.
Its activities were essentially set by its founder, which
limited its capacity to meet political challenges. Being
designed to provide a service on its own, it could not
participate in lasting political coalitions. The waqf’s
beneficiaries had no say in evaluating or selecting its
officers, and they had trouble forming a political
community. Thus, for all the resources it controlled, the
Islamic waqf contributed minimally to building civil
society. As a core element of Islam’s classical
institutional complex, it perpetuated authoritarian rule by
keeping the state largely unrestrained. Therein lies a key
reason for the slow pace of the Middle East’s
democratization process.},
Key = {fds320597}
}
@misc{fds221047,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Banks and Banking},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Islam, 3rd. ed.},
Publisher = {Brill},
Address = {Leiden},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds221047}
}
@article{fds238473,
Author = {Kuran, T and Singh, A},
Title = {Economic modernization in late British India: Hindu-Muslim
differences},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {503-538},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/669259},
Abstract = {The article explores the historical origins of Muslim
underrepresentation in the management of large Indian firms.
Muslims found it relatively harder to pool capital within
large and durable enterprises capable of exploiting the new
technologies of the industrial era. Their difficulties were
among the unintended consequences of Islamic institutions
designed to spread wealth and circumvent inheritance
regulations. The British certainly devalued the mostly
Muslim professionals who symbolized Mughal rule, such as
court poets and calligraphers. However, anti-Muslim British
hiring policies would not necessarily account for Muslim
underrepresentation in trade and industry. Throughout the
world, various minorities have excelled in commerce despite
severe discrimination in government employment, if not also
in private-sector hiring. The arguments usually advanced to
explain the underperformance of Indias Muslims all have
Middle Eastern counterparts, which are equally inadequate.
When in the late eighteenth century the Middle East's
Muslims started falling behind its Christian and Jewish
minorities, neither religious differences in attitudes nor
third-party biases were the cause.},
Doi = {10.1086/669259},
Key = {fds238473}
}
@misc{fds238452,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The rule of law in Islamic thought and practice: A
historical perspective},
Pages = {71-90},
Booktitle = {Global Perspectives on the Rule of Law},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780203870594},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203870594},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203870594},
Key = {fds238452}
}
@misc{fds221025,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {"Interview with Vincent Hendricks"},
Pages = {in press},
Booktitle = {Socio-Epistemic Phenomena: 5 Questions},
Publisher = {Automatic Press / VIP},
Address = {Copenhagen},
Editor = {Rasmus K. Rendsvig and Vincent F. Hendricks},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds221025}
}
@article{fds238471,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Religious Obstacles to Democratization in the Middle East:
Past and Present},
Journal = {The Wealth and Well-Being of Nations},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {in press},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds238471}
}
@article{fds238472,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Political Consequences of Islam’s Economic
Legacy},
Journal = {Philosophy and Social Criticism},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {in press},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Editor = {Ferrara, A and Kaul, V and Rasmussen, D},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0191-4537},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000318522400007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Several of the Middle East's traditional economic
institutions hampered its political development by limiting
checks on executive power, preventing the formation of
organized and durable opposition movements, and keeping
civil society weak. They include Islam's original tax
system, which failed to protect property rights; the waqf,
whose rigidity hampered the development of civil society;
and private commercial enterprises, whose small scales and
short lives blocked the development of private coalitions
able to bargain with the state. These institutions
contributed to features that sustain autocracies and keep
democracies unstable: high corruption, low trust, widespread
nepotism and high tolerance for law-breaking. © The
Author(s) 2013.},
Doi = {10.1177/0191453713477350},
Key = {fds238472}
}
@book{fds238456,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The long divergence: How Islamic law held back the Middle
East},
Pages = {1-405},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780691147567},
Abstract = {In the year 1000, the economy of the Middle East was at
least as advanced as that of Europe. But by 1800, the region
had fallen dramatically behind--in living standards,
technology, and economic institutions. In short, the Middle
East had failed to modernize economically as the West surged
ahead. What caused this long divergence? And why does the
Middle East remain drastically underdeveloped compared to
the West? In The Long Divergence, one of the world's leading
experts on Islamic economic institutions and the economy of
the Middle East provides a new answer to these long-debated
questions. Timur Kuran argues that what slowed the economic
development of the Middle East was not colonialism or
geography, still less Muslim attitudes or some
incompatibility between Islam and capitalism. Rather,
starting around the tenth century, Islamic legal
institutions, which had benefitted the Middle Eastern
economy in the early centuries of Islam, began to act as a
drag on development by slowing or blocking the emergence of
central features of modern economic life--including private
capital accumulation, corporations, large-scale production,
and impersonal exchange. By the nineteenth century, modern
economic institutions began to be transplanted to the Middle
East, but its economy has not caught up. And there is no
quick fix today. Low trust, rampant corruption, and weak
civil societies--all characteristic of the region's
economies today and all legacies of its economic
history--will take generations to overcome. The Long
Divergence opens up a frank and honest debate on a crucial
issue that even some of the most ardent secularists in the
Muslim world have hesitated to discuss.},
Key = {fds238456}
}
@misc{fds211986,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Arap Demokrasilerinin Zayıf Temelleri},
Journal = {Optimist},
Pages = {92-93},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds211986}
}
@article{fds238469,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Synergies between middle eastern economic history and the
analytic social sciences},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {542-545},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-7438},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743812000505},
Doi = {10.1017/S0020743812000505},
Key = {fds238469}
}
@article{fds238474,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Association Lecture—The Economic Roots of Political
Underdevelopment in the Middle East: A Historical
Perspective},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1086-1095},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4284/0038-4038-78.4.1086},
Abstract = {Key institutions of the pre-modern Middle Eastern economy,
all grounded in Islamic law, blocked the development of
democratic institutions. This talk identifies three
mechanisms that played critical roles. Islam's original tax
system failed to produce lasting and credible constraints on
governance. The waqfs (Islamic trusts) founded to provide
social services to designated constituencies were
politically powerless. Profit-making private enterprises
remained small and ephemeral, hindering the formation of
stable coalitions capable of bargaining with the state. The
last two mechanisms jointly delayed the rise of a civil
society able to provide the checks and balances essential to
democratic rule.},
Doi = {10.4284/0038-4038-78.4.1086},
Key = {fds238474}
}
@misc{fds238451,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The scale of entrepreneurship in middle eastern history:
Inhibitive roles of Islamic institutions},
Pages = {62-87},
Booktitle = {The Invention of Enterprise: Entrepreneurship from Ancient
Mesopotamia to Modern Times},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9780691154527},
Key = {fds238451}
}
@book{fds212008,
Author = {Aptullah Kuran},
Title = {Selçuklular’dan Cumhuriyet’e Türkiye’de Mimarlık /
Architecture in Turkey from the Seljuks to the
Republic},
Publisher = {İş Bank Publications},
Address = {Istanbul},
Editor = {Çiğdem Kafesçioğlu, Lucienne Thys-Şenocak and Timur
Kuran},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds212008}
}
@book{fds211984,
Author = {Masahiko Aoki and Timur Kuran and Gerard Roland},
Title = {Institutions and Patterns of Economic Development:
Proceedings of the Sixteenth World Congress of the
International Economic Association, vol.
1},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
Address = {New York},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds211984}
}
@misc{fds211985,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Building Arab Civil Society to Promote Economic
Growth},
Pages = {15-17},
Booktitle = {The Compendium on Unemployment in the Arab World 2012, World
Economic Forum, 4-6},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds211985}
}
@book{fds154443,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Al Islam Wal Thara’al-Fahish: Ma’zaq Al Iqtisad
al-Islami (Amman: al-Ahliyya},
Publisher = {Al-Ahliyya},
Address = {Amman},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds154443}
}
@book{fds198996,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Yollar Ayrılırken: Orta Doğu’nun Geri Kalma Sürecinde
İslam Hukuku’nun Rolü},
Publisher = {YKY},
Address = {Istanbul (Turkish translation of 2011 book, The Long
Divergence)},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds198996}
}
@misc{fds183496,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Public opinion},
Pages = {435-36},
Booktitle = {Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political
Thought},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds183496}
}
@misc{fds183497,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Economic theory},
Pages = {142-44},
Booktitle = {Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political
Thought},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds183497}
}
@misc{fds199000,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Political Consequences of the Middle East’s Economic
Legacy},
Pages = {99-115},
Booktitle = {Institutions and Patterns of Economic Development:
Proceedings of the Sixteenth World Congress of the
International Economic Association, vol.
1},
Publisher = {Palgrave-Macmillan},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Masahoki Aoki and Timur Kuran and Gerard Roland},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds199000}
}
@article{fds304423,
Author = {Kuran, T and Lustig, S},
Title = {Judicial Biases in Ottoman Istanbul: Islamic Justice and Its
Compatibility with Modern Economic Life},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF LAW & ECONOMICS},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {631-666},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313622500006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/665537},
Key = {fds304423}
}
@misc{fds199002,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Phase III of the Arab World’s Modernization: Building
Accountability and Boosting Creativity},
Pages = {10-11},
Booktitle = {The Compendium on Economic Governance in the Arab World
2011, World Economic Forum},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds199002}
}
@misc{fds199004,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Weak Foundations of Arab Democracy},
Journal = {New York Times},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/29/opinion/29kuran.html?_r=1},
Key = {fds199004}
}
@misc{fds199003,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Legal Roots of Economic Underdevelopment in the Middle
East},
Journal = {European Financial Review},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds199003}
}
@article{fds238475,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {West is Best? Why Civilizations Rise and
Fall},
Journal = {Foreign Affairs},
Volume = {90},
Pages = {159-163},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds238475}
}
@misc{fds199001,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Excerpt of Long Divergence},
Journal = {Milken Institute Review},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {59-76},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds199001}
}
@book{fds238450,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islam and mammon: The economic predicaments of
islamism},
Pages = {1-194},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780691126296},
Abstract = {The doctrine of "Islamic economics" entered debates over the
social role of Islam in the mid-twentieth century. Since
then it has pursued the goal of restructuring economies
according to perceived Islamic teachings. Beyond its most
visible practical achievement--the establishment of Islamic
banks meant to avoid interest--it has promoted Islamic norms
of economic behavior and founded redistribution systems
modeled after early Islamic fiscal practices. In this bold
and timely critique, Timur Kuran argues that the doctrine of
Islamic economics is simplistic, incoherent, and largely
irrelevant to present economic challenges. Observing that
few Muslims take it seriously, he also finds that its
practical applications have had no discernible effects on
efficiency, growth, or poverty reduction. Why, then, has
Islamic economics enjoyed any appeal at all? Kuran's answer
is that the real purpose of Islamic economics has not been
economic improvement but cultivation of a distinct Islamic
identity to resist cultural globalization. The Islamic
subeconomies that have sprung up across the Islamic world
are commonly viewed as manifestations of Islamic economics.
In reality, Kuran demonstrates, they emerged to meet the
economic aspirations of socially marginalized groups. The
Islamic enterprises that form these subeconomies provide
advancement opportunities to the disadvantaged. By enhancing
interpersonal trust, they also facilitate intragroup
transactions. These findings raise the question of whether
there exist links between Islam and economic performance.
Exploring these links in relation to the long-unsettled
question of why the Islamic world became underdeveloped,
Kuran identifies several pertinent social mechanisms, some
beneficial to economic development, others
harmful.},
Key = {fds238450}
}
@misc{fds238453,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Economic underdevelopment in the Middle East: The historical
roles of culture, institutions and religion},
Pages = {87-102},
Booktitle = {Culture, Institutions, and Development: New Insights Into an
Old Debate},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780415580076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203843338},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203843338},
Key = {fds238453}
}
@misc{fds238448,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Modern Islam and the economy},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {473-494},
Booktitle = {The New Cambridge History of Islam: Muslims and Modernity
Culture and Society Since 1800},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Michael Cook and Robert Hefner},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521844437},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521844437.020},
Abstract = {Introduction: Since the nineteenth century, when it became
abundantly clear that the Islamic world had become
economically underdeveloped with respect to Western Europe
and its cultural offshoots on other continents, diverse
thinkers have explored whether this slippage has had
anything to do with Islam. One answer is that Islam has
always been irrelevant to the economic development of
Muslim-dominated societies. The underlying logic is that
from the rise of Islam to the present Muslims circumvented
Islamic prescriptions with ease. A competing answer,
increasingly common in both popular and scholarly
discourses, is that Islam has impaired economic development
by discouraging inquisitiveness, change and adaptation. The
exponents of this viewpoint invoke factors such as Islam’s
alleged ban on interest and its traditionalist bias.Yet
another competing viewpoint is that the Islamic world
slipped into a state of economic underdevelopment not
because Islam inhibited growth but, on the contrary, because
Muslims stopped abiding by its time-tested economic
prescriptions. By this account, Islam has always promoted
and supported economic development, and what became a
problem is not its set of economic prescriptions. Rather,
for selfish material gain politically powerful Muslims upset
the just social order that prevailed during Islam’s
canonical ‘age of felicity’, the period from 622 to 661,
spanning the last decade of Prophet Muḥammad’s life and
the tenure of the first four caliphs.},
Doi = {10.1017/CHOL9780521844437.020},
Key = {fds238448}
}
@misc{fds183493,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Economic Development in the Middle East: The Historical
Roles of Culture, Institutions, and Religion,},
Pages = {87-102},
Publisher = {New York: Routledge},
Editor = {Jean-Philippe Platteau},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183493}
}
@book{fds183492,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {(Ed.) Mahkeme Kayıtları Işığında 17. Yüzyıl
İstanbul’unda Sosyo-Ekonomik Yaşam / Social and Economic
Life in Seventeenth-Century Istanbul: Glimpses from Court
Records, Vols. 1-10},
Publisher = {Istanbul: İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları,},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds183492}
}
@misc{fds164571,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Rule of Law in Islamic Thought and Practice: A
Historical Perspective},
Pages = {71-89},
Booktitle = {Global Perspectives on the Rule of Law},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {James J. Heckman and Robert L. Nelson and Lee
Cabatingan},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds164571}
}
@article{fds325438,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade Networks, and
Cross-Cultural Exchange in Nineteenth-Century Western
Africa. By Ghislaine Lydon. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2009. Pp. xxviii, 468. $95.00.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {69},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1182-1184},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050709001570},
Doi = {10.1017/s0022050709001570},
Key = {fds325438}
}
@article{fds336354,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade Networks, and
Cross-Cultural Exchange in Nineteenth-Century Western
Africa. By Ghislaine Lydon. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2009. Pp. xxviii, 468. $95.00.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {69},
Number = {04},
Pages = {1182-1184},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds336354}
}
@article{fds238468,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Preface: The economic impact of culture, religion and the
law},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {589-592},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.019},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.019},
Key = {fds238468}
}
@article{fds238486,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Explaining the economic trajectories of civilizations: The
systemic approach},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {593-605},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.03.005},
Keywords = {civilization, culture, economic development, institution,
institutional complementarity},
Abstract = {A civilization constitutes a durable social system of
complementary traits. Some of the complementarities of any
given civilization are between elements of "material" life
and ones commonly treated as integral to "culture."
Identifying the mechanisms responsible for a civilization's
observed trajectory involves, therefore, causal
relationships that cross the often-postulated
"cultural-material" divide. Complementarities make it
difficult to transplant institutions across civilizations on
a piecemeal basis. They imply that reforms designed to
jump-start an economy will fail unless they are
comprehensive. Civilizational analysis can benefit,
therefore, from attention to institutional
complementarities, including ones involving both cultural
and material variables. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2009.03.005},
Key = {fds238486}
}
@article{fds167962,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Ghislaine Lydon, On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade
Networks, and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Nineteenth-Century
Western Africa},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {1182-84},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds167962}
}
@misc{fds164573,
Author = {Timur Kuran and guest},
Title = {The Economic Performance of Civilizations: Roles of Culture,
Religion, and the Law},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {71},
Pages = {589-717},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds164573}
}
@article{fds238467,
Author = {Kuran, PT},
Title = {Sous-déloppement économique au moyen-orient: Le rôle
historique de la culture, des institutions et de la
religion},
Journal = {Afrique Contemporaine},
Volume = {226},
Number = {2},
Pages = {31-54},
Publisher = {CAIRN},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-0478},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.226.0031},
Abstract = {Can worldwide disparities in levels of development be
explained by institutional or cultural factors? In Timur
Kuran's view, the belated development of the Middle East may
be explained by structural factors embedded in Islamic
institutions rather than in Islamic culture itself.
Attitudes and behaviour traditionally attributed to Islamic
culture are in fact nothing more than the current-day
expression of these factors and should not be interpreted
outside a conjunctural context.},
Doi = {10.3917/afco.226.0031},
Key = {fds238467}
}
@article{fds238488,
Author = {Kuran, T and Sandholm, WH},
Title = {Cultural integration and its discontents},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {201-228},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00469.x},
Abstract = {A community's culture is defined by the preferences and
equilibrium behaviours of its members. Contacts among
communities alter individual cultures through two
interrelated mechanisms: behavioural adaptations driven by
pay-offs to coordination, and preference changes shaped by
socialization and self-persuasion. This paper explores the
workings of these mechanisms through a model of cultural
integration in which preferences and behaviours vary
continuously. It identifies a broad set of conditions under
which cross-cultural contacts promote cultural
hybridization. The analysis suggests that policies to
support social integration serve to homogenize preferences
across communities, thereby undermining a key objective of
multiculturalism. Yielding fresh insights into strategies
pursued to influence cultural trends, it also shows that
communities benefit from having other communities adjust
their behaviours. © 2008 The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00469.x},
Key = {fds238488}
}
@article{fds326187,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Institutional Causes of Economic Underdevelopment in the
Middle East: a Historical Perspective},
Journal = {INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR},
Pages = {64-76},
Publisher = {PALGRAVE},
Editor = {Kornai, J and Matyas, L and Roland, G},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds326187}
}
@misc{fds71589,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Thomas Schelling},
Volume = {7,},
Series = {2nd edition},
Pages = {299-302},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {Macmillian},
Address = {London},
Editor = {Steven Durlauf and Lawrence Blume},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds71589}
}
@misc{fds71590,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Islamic economic institutions},
Volume = {4,},
Series = {2nd edition,},
Pages = {299-302},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {Macmillian},
Address = {London},
Editor = {Steven Durlauf and Lawrence Blume},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds71590}
}
@misc{fds154439,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Why the Middle East Is Economically Underdeveloped:
Historical Mechanisms of Institutional Stagnation},
Pages = {107-125},
Booktitle = {The Development Economics Reader},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Address = {London},
Editor = {G. Secondi},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154439}
}
@misc{fds142109,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Political Legacies of Islam},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds142109}
}
@misc{fds154446,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Islamism and Economics: Policy Implications for a Free
Society},
Booktitle = {Islam and the Everyday World: Public Policy
Dilemmas},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Sohrab Behdad and Farhad Nomani},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154446}
}
@misc{fds154448,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Russian translation of Islamic Economics and the Islamic
Subeconomy},
Booktitle = {Hristianstvo i Islam ob Ekonomike},
Publisher = {NPK Rost},
Address = {St. Petersburg},
Editor = {Danila Raskov},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154448}
}
@misc{fds154537,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Institutional Causes of Underdevelopment in the Middle East:
A Historical Perspective},
Pages = {64-76},
Booktitle = {Institutional Change and Economic Behavior},
Publisher = {Palgrave-Macmillan},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {János Kornai and Laszlo Matyas and Gérard
Roland},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds154537}
}
@article{fds238487,
Author = {Kuran, T and McCaffery, E},
Title = {Sex Differences in Attitudes toward Discrimination},
Journal = {Political Research Quarterly},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {228-238},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1065-9129},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912907304500},
Abstract = {A large telephone survey conducted after the attacks of
September 11, 2001, suggests that the willingness to
tolerate discrimination varies significantly across domains,
with a very high tolerance of discrimination against poorly
educated immigrants and a strikingly low tolerance of
discrimination against the genetically disadvantaged.
Regardless of domain, tolerance is greater among men than
among women. A survey conducted simultaneously over the
World Wide Web, using volunteer panels, replicated the phone
survey results and revealed an even larger sex gap. This
finding suggests that a social desirability bias leads women
to overstate and men to understate their tolerance of
discrimination in public. © 2008 University of
Utah.},
Doi = {10.1177/1065912907304500},
Key = {fds238487}
}
@article{fds71194,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Institutional Causes of Underdevelopment in the Middle East:
A Historical Perspective},
Journal = {Institutional Change and Economic Behaviour},
Pages = {64-76},
Publisher = {Palgrave-Macmillan},
Editor = {J. Kornai and L. Matyas and G. Roland},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds71194}
}
@article{fds238476,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Alle radici del deficit imprenditorialità in Medio
Oriente},
Journal = {Biblioteca della libertà},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {11-36},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds238476}
}
@article{fds238454,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamism and economics: Policy prescriptions for a free
society},
Pages = {38-65},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203028032},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203028032},
Key = {fds238454}
}
@article{fds71413,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Asbāb Takhalluf al-Sharq al-Awsat Iqtisadiyyan Al-Āliyyat
al-Tārikhiyyah lil-Rukūd al-Mu‘assasatiy},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.misbahalhurriyya.org},
Key = {fds71413}
}
@article{fds238481,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Zhong Dong Di Qu He Yi Jing Ji Luo Hou: Jing Ji Ting Zhi De
Li Shi Ji Li},
Journal = {Kai Fang Shi Dai},
Volume = {183},
Pages = {89-105},
Publisher = {Open Times},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238481}
}
@book{fds71182,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Islam and Mammon},
Publisher = {Tulika Press},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds71182}
}
@article{fds238484,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The logic of financial westernization in the Middle
East},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {593-615},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2004.04.002},
Abstract = {In the 19th century, financial reforms in the Middle East
included the legalization of interest, the establishment of
secular courts, and banking regulations, all based on
Western models. Exploring why foreign institutions were
transplanted, this article shows that Islamic law blocked
evolutionary paths that might have generated financial
modernization through indigenous means. Sources of rigidity
included (1) the Islamic law of commercial partnerships,
which limited enterprise continuity, (2) the Islamic
inheritance system, which restrained capital accumulation,
(3) the waqf system, which inhibited resource pooling, and
(4) Islam's traditional aversion to the concept of legal
personhood, which hampered private organizations. © 2004
Eslevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2004.04.002},
Key = {fds238484}
}
@article{fds238485,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The absence of the corporation in Islamic law: Origins and
persistence},
Journal = {American Journal of Comparative Law},
Volume = {53},
Number = {4},
Pages = {785-834},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-919X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2546 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Classical Islamic law recognizes only natural persons; it
does not grant standing to corporations. This article
explores why Islamic law did not develop a concept akin to
the corporation, or borrow one from another legal system. It
also identifies processes that delayed the diffusion of the
corporation to the Middle East even as its role in the
global economy expanded. Community building was central to
Islam's mission, so early Muslim jurists had no use for a
concept liable to facilitate factionalism. Services with
large setup costs and expected to last indefinitely were
supplied through the waqf, an unincorporated trust. The waqf
thus absorbed resources that might otherwise have stimulated
an incorporation movement. Partly because the waqf spawned
constituencies committed to preserving its key features,
until modern times private merchants and producers who stood
to profit from corporate powers were unable to muster the
collective action necessary to reform the legal system. For
their part, Muslim rulers took no initiatives of their own
to supply the corporate form of organization, because they
saw no commercial or financial organizations worth
developing for the sake of boosting tax revenue.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajcl/53.4.785},
Key = {fds238485}
}
@book{fds71185,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Pian Hao Wei Zhuang De She Hui Hou Guo},
Series = {Changchun Publishing House,},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds71185}
}
@article{fds71419,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Islamic Commercial Crisis: Institutional Roots of
Economic Underdevelopment in the Middle East},
Journal = {Historical Methods in the Social Sciences},
Publisher = {Sage},
Editor = {J. Hall and J. Bryant},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds71419}
}
@article{fds238482,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Perché il Medio Oriente è Economicamente Arretrato:
Meccanismi Storici di Stagnazione Istituzionale},
Journal = {QA: Rivista dell' Associazione Manlio Rossi-Doria},
Pages = {45-73},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds238482}
}
@article{fds238455,
Author = {Kuran, T and Bernholz, P and Cook, M and Elvin, M and Huff, TE and Humphreys, RS and Weede, E},
Title = {Islamic statecraft and the Middle East's delayed
modernization},
Pages = {150-216},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Address = {Cheltenham, U.K.},
Editor = {P. Bernholz and R. Vaubel},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845423353.00012},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845423353.00012},
Key = {fds238455}
}
@article{fds238491,
Author = {Kuran, T and McCaffery, EJ},
Title = {Expanding discrimination research: Beyond ethnicity and to
the web},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Volume = {85},
Number = {3},
Pages = {713-730},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0038-4941},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00241.x},
Abstract = {This article aims to expand research about perceptions of
discrimination both substantively and methodologically
beyond the domains of race and ethnicity, relying partly on
web-based surveys. Methods. We conducted parallel surveys
over the telephone and the World-Wide Web, using standard
random-digit dial (RDD) techniques for the former, and a
large volunteer panel for the latter. Results. Both modes,
phone and web, revealed that respondents consider
discrimination based on physical appearance and economic
status to be more prevalent than discrimination based on
ethnicity. Respondents also reported that they themselves
have been victimized more by physical appearance and
economic-status discrimination than by ethnic
discrimination. Significant differences emerged between the
phone and web respondent pools, even after controlling for
such independent variables as age, race, education level,
and gender. Conclusions. People perceive discrimination
across many aspects of social life, and appear more willing
to reveal knowledge about controversial social phenomena on
the web than on the phone.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00241.x},
Key = {fds238491}
}
@article{fds238480,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The economic ascent of the Middle East's religious
minorities: The role of Islamic legal pluralism},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {475-515},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/422707},
Abstract = {In the nineteenth century, the Middle East's Christian and
Jewish minorities registered conspicuous economic advances
relative to the Muslim majority. These advances were made
possible by the choice of law available to non-Muslim
subjects. Until the late eighteenth century, on matters
critical to financial and commercial success, non-Muslims
tended to exercise this privilege in favor of Islamic law,
and this pattern prompted their own court systems to emulate
Islamic legal practices. However, as Western Europe
developed the legal infrastructure of modern capitalism,
vast numbers of Christians and Jews made jurisdictional
switches by obtaining the protection of European states.
Along with tax concessions, they thus gained the ability to
conduct business under Western laws.},
Doi = {10.1086/422707},
Key = {fds238480}
}
@article{fds238483,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Why the Middle East is economically underdeveloped:
Historical mechanisms of institutional stagnation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {71-90},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0895330042162421},
Doi = {10.1257/0895330042162421},
Key = {fds238483}
}
@misc{fds350860,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamic statecraft and the middle east’s delayed
modernization},
Pages = {180-183},
Booktitle = {Political Competition, Innovation and Growth in the History
of Asian Civilizations},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781843769194},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845423353.00012},
Abstract = {7. Islamic statecraft and the Middle East’s delayed
modernization Timur Kuran Pre-modern states that ruled in
the name of Islam are often characterized as absolutist. The
implication is that they exploited their subjects and
menaced foreigners with formidable strength and that their
initiatives emanated largely from one powerful man. A famous
variant of this thesis belongs to Max Weber (1925 [1947]:
347), who used the term ‘sultanism’ to describe the
exercise of unlimited and arbitrary Islamic authority.
Another famous variant, Karl Wittfogel’s Oriental
Despotism, portrays the early Islamic states as merciless
systems of exploitation. Drawing on Marx, Wittfogel (1957:
49-80, 173-82) suggests that each of these states gained
strength through its strategic role in administering
integrated irrigation networks.1 Various political movements
of our own era have propagated similar interpretations for
self-serving reasons: colonizers to justify foreign rule,
secular nationalists to appear benevolent by comparison,
Islamists to make moral corruption seem eradicable through
religious discipline. All versions of the ‘absolutist
Islamic state’ thesis make the mistake of projecting state
control in the modern sense to distant periods when social
control technologies were still primitive. Like other
pre-modern states, from the Prophet Muhammad’s polity and
the Arab caliphates to the Ottoman empire and Safavid Iran
at their peak, states legitimized through Islam had
difficulty regulating markets, controlling production,
directing food supplies, manipulating household decisions
and appropriating resources. Although some Muslim rulers may
have wanted to manage their economies in a manner akin to
Soviet-style central planning, they surely recognized
their….},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845423353.00012},
Key = {fds350860}
}
@book{fds71184,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Islam and Mammon: The Economic Predicaments of
Islamism},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71184}
}
@misc{fds71580,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Excerpt of Islam and Mammon: Milken Institute
Review},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {61-81},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71580}
}
@article{fds71417,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Cultural Obstacles to Economic Development: Often
Overstated, Usually Transitory},
Journal = {Culture and Public Action: Understanding the Role of Culture
and Development Policy in an Unequal World},
Pages = {115-137},
Publisher = {Stanford University Press},
Editor = {V.Rao and M. Walton},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71417}
}
@misc{fds71591,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Capitalism},
Volume = {1,},
Pages = {126-28},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World},
Publisher = {Macmillan Reference},
Address = {New York},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71591}
}
@misc{fds71592,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Property},
Volume = {2,},
Pages = {553-54},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71592}
}
@misc{fds71593,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Riba},
Volume = {2,},
Pages = {596-597},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds71593}
}
@article{fds238459,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamic redistribution through zakat historical record and
modern realities},
Pages = {275-293},
Publisher = {State University of New York Press},
Editor = {M. Bonner and M. Ener and A. Singer},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780791457375},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000188820100014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The year 1995 saw the publication of the proceedings of an
international conference on zakat (alms) held five years
earlier in Kuala Lumpur.1 The weighty volume's main theme is
that today's zakat systems have a negligible impact on
poverty alleviation-the very task they were expected to
accomplish more effectively than secular redistribution
systems. One contributor after another observes that even in
countries where income redistribution has recently taken on
an explicitly Islamic character, Muslims are by and large
failing to live by Islam's only principal requirement that
is squarely economic: the duty, incumbent on all adult
Muslims except the poorest, to pay zakat on an annual basis.
© 2003 State University of New York. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds238459}
}
@article{fds238479,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Islamic commercial crisis: Institutional roots of
economic underdevelopment in the Middle East},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {414-446},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2599 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {During the second millennium, the Middle East's commerce
with Western Europe fell increasingly under European
domination. Two factors played critical roles. First, the
Islamic inheritance system, by raising the costs of
dissolving a partnership following a partner's death, kept
Middle Eastern commercial enterprises small and ephemeral.
Second, certain European inheritance systems facilitated
large and durable partnerships by reducing the likelihood of
premature dissolution. The upshot is that European
enterprises grew larger than those of the Islamic world.
Moreover, while ever larger enterprises propelled further
organizational transformations in Europe, persistently small
enterprises inhibited economic modernization in the Middle
East.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0022050703001840},
Key = {fds238479}
}
@article{fds71422,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {The Religious Undertow of Muslim Economic
Grievances},
Publisher = {Siglo XXI},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds71422}
}
@misc{fds71594,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Levant: Islamic Rule},
Volume = {3,},
Pages = {306-14},
Booktitle = {Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds71594}
}
@article{fds71599,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Şevket Pamuk, A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire
(New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000)},
Journal = {International Journal of Turkish Studies},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {144-46},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds71599}
}
@book{fds71183,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {İslâm’ın Ekonomik Yüzleri},
Publisher = {İletişim Yayınları},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds71183}
}
@article{fds71421,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {The Religious Undertow of Muslim Economic
Grievances},
Journal = {Understanding September 11: Perspectives from the Social
Sciences},
Pages = {67-74},
Publisher = {New Press},
Editor = {C. Calhoun and P. Price and A. Timmer},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds71421}
}
@misc{fds71581,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Comment on Bill Maurer's “Speculations on Islamic
Financial Alternatives},
Journal = {Anthropology Today},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {28-29},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds71581}
}
@article{fds238516,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The provision of public goods under Islamic law: origins,
impact, and limitations of the waqf system.},
Journal = {Law & society review},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {841-897},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-9216},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17867230},
Doi = {10.2307/3185418},
Key = {fds238516}
}
@book{fds71186,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Yalanla Yaşamak: Tercih Çarpıtmasının Toplumsal
Sonuçları},
Publisher = {YKY},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds71186}
}
@misc{fds71582,
Author = {Julian Simon and edited by Timur Kuran},
Title = {The Great Breakthrough and Its Cause,},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Address = {Ann Arbor},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds71582}
}
@misc{fds71595,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Public opinion, microsociological aspects},
Pages = {12556-60},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral
Sciences},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds71595}
}
@misc{fds142102,
Title = {Institutions and Economic Performance: A Conversation
between Douglass North and Timur Kuran},
Year = {2000},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds142102}
}
@article{fds71424,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Islamic Influences on the Ottoman Guilds},
Journal = {The Great Ottoman-Turkish Civilization},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {43-59},
Publisher = {Yeni Türkiye},
Editor = {K. Çiçek},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds71424}
}
@article{fds71425,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Osmanlı Lonca Teşkilâtı Üzerinde İslâmî
Etkiler},
Journal = {Osmanlı},
Pages = {97-112},
Publisher = {Yeni Türkiye Yayınları},
Editor = {G.Eren},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds71425}
}
@article{fds71426,
Author = {Timur Kuran and Cass R. Sunstein},
Title = {Controlling availability cascades},
Journal = {Behavioral Law and Economics},
Pages = {374-397},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Cass R. Sunstein},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds71426}
}
@article{fds238490,
Author = {Kuran, T and Sunstein, CR},
Title = {Availability Cascades and Risk Regulation},
Journal = {Stanford Law Review},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {683},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1229439},
Abstract = {An availability cascade is a self-reinforcing process of
collective belief formation by which an expressed perception
triggers a chain reaction that gives the perception
increasing plausibility through its rising availability in
public discourse. The driving mechanism involves a
combination of informational and reputational motives:
Individuals endorse the perception partly by learning from
the apparent beliefs of others and partly by distorting
their public responses in the interest of maintaining social
acceptance. Availability entrepreneurs - activists who
manipulate the content of public discourse - strive to
trigger availability cascades likely to advance their
agendas. Their availability campaigns may yield social
benefits, but sometimes they bring harm, which suggests a
need for safeguards. Focusing on the role of mass pressures
in the regulation of risks associated with production,
consumption, and the environment, Professors Timur Kuran and
Cass R. Sunstein analyze availability cascades and suggest
reforms to alleviate their potential hazards. Their
proposals include new governmental structures designed to
give civil servants better insulation against mass demands
for regulatory change and an easily accessible scientific
database to reduce people's dependence on popular
(mis)perceptions.},
Doi = {10.2307/1229439},
Key = {fds238490}
}
@book{fds71187,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Privat Sanning, Offentlig Lögn},
Publisher = {City University Press},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds71187}
}
@article{fds238478,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Insincere Deliberation and Democratic Failure},
Journal = {Critical Review},
Volume = {12},
Number = {529-44},
Pages = {529-544},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1998},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0891-3811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08913819808443515},
Abstract = {An enduring challenge of democracy is to give citizens an
effective say in collective decision making by ensuring
broad participation in political discourse. Deliberative
opinion polling aims to meet this challenge by providing new
opportunities for ordinary citizens to form educated
opinions. This approach to broadening deliberation does not
aim to control substantive outcomes, unlike conceptions of
deliberative democracy that promote improved dialogue while
also restricting the possible outcomes. But both classes of
reform overlook the prevalence of democratic failures
stemming from social pressures that discourage open and
honest communication. New avenues for dialogue will remain
clogged unless supported by political institutions that
protect dissenters, and by a political ethic that rewards
candor. © 1998 Critical Review Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1080/08913819808443515},
Key = {fds238478}
}
@article{fds238514,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Vulnerability of the Arab state: Reflections on the
Ayubi thesis},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {111-123},
Year = {1998},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds238514}
}
@article{fds238515,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Ethnic norms and their transformation through reputational
cascades},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2 PART II},
Pages = {623},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468038},
Abstract = {Ethnic norms are the ethnically symbolic behavioral codes
that individuals must follow to retain social acceptance.
They are sustained partly by sanctions that individuals
impose on each other in trying to establish good
credentials. This essay analyzes the "ethnification" process
through which ethnic norms become more demanding. The
argument hinges on interdependencies among individual
behaviors. These allow one person's adjustments to trigger
additional adjustments through a reputational cascade - a
self-reinforcing process by which people motivated to
protect and enhance their reputations induce each other to
step up their ethnic activities. According to the analysis,
a society exhibiting low ethnic activity generates social
forces tending to preserve that condition; but if these
forces are overcome, the result may be massive
ethnification. One implication is that similarly developed
societies may exhibit very different levels of ethnic
activity. Another is that ethnically based hatreds
constitute by-products of ethnification rather than its
mainspring.},
Doi = {10.1086/468038},
Key = {fds238515}
}
@article{fds332748,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {L’islam et le sous-developpement: Un vieux puzzle
revisite},
Journal = {Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-60},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jeeh-1998-0103},
Doi = {10.1515/jeeh-1998-0103},
Key = {fds332748}
}
@article{fds71435,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Moral overload and its alleviation},
Pages = {231-66},
Booktitle = {Economics, Values, and Organization},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {Avner Ben-Ner and Louis Putterman},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds71435}
}
@article{fds71436,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Ethnic dissimilation and its international
diffusion},
Pages = {35-60},
Booktitle = {Ethnic Conflict: Fear, Diffusion, and Escalation},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Address = {Princeton},
Editor = {David A. Lake and Donald},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds71436}
}
@article{fds71437,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Social mechanisms of dissonance reduction},
Pages = {147-71},
Booktitle = {Social Mechanisms: An Analytical Approach to Social
Theory},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {New York},
Editor = {”Peter Hedström and Richard Swedberg},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds71437}
}
@article{fds71600,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Barbara R. Bergmann, In Defense of Affirmative Action (New
York: Basic Books, 1996)},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {153-55},
Year = {1997},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds71600}
}
@article{fds238512,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islam and Underdevelopment: An Old Puzzle
Revisited},
Journal = {Journal of Institutional and Theoretical
Economics},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-71},
Year = {1997},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {The world's predominantly Muslim countries have long been
underdeveloped. This paper classifies, critiques, and
extends the mechanisms that have been proposed as
explanations for the pattern. One mechanism involves the use
of Islam to legitimize worldviews that served vested
interests. Another emphasizes religious obstacles to free
thinking and innovation. And still another focuses on
communalist norms that dampened incentives to develop
capitalist economic institutions. None of these explanations
elucidates why groups without any stake in the impediments
to growth failed to bring about major reforms. The missing
element is the role of public discourse in keeping
individuals from questioning, even noticing, social
inefficiencies.},
Key = {fds238512}
}
@article{fds325439,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {In defense of affirmative action - Bergmann,BR},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {153-155},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1997},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325439}
}
@article{fds238463,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Private truths, public lies: The social consequences of
preference falsification},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-95},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1043-4062},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1009046206937},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1009046206937},
Key = {fds238463}
}
@article{fds238513,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The genesis of Islamic economics: A chapter in the politics
of Muslim identity},
Journal = {Social Research},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {281-338},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0037-783X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997XK80400008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238513}
}
@book{fds71188,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Leben in Lüge: Präferenzverfälschungen und Ihre
Gesellschaftlichen Folgen},
Publisher = {J.C.B. Mohr},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds71188}
}
@article{fds71438,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Islamism and economics: Policy implications for a free
society},
Journal = {Islam and Public Policy [International Review of Comparative
Public Policy]},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {72-102},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Address = {Greenwich, Conn.},
Editor = {Sohrab Behdad and Farhad Nomani},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds71438}
}
@article{fds238511,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamic economics and the clash of civilizations},
Journal = {Middle Eastern Lectures},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {25-38},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds238511}
}
@article{fds71601,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Mohamed Aslam Haneef, Contemporary Islamic Economic Thought:
A Selected Comparative Analysis (Petaling Jaya, Selangor:
Ikraq, 1995),},
Journal = {in Middle East Studies Association Bulletin,},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {182-83},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds71601}
}
@misc{fds71583,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Reply to Umer Chapra's comment on article
28},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {195-196},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds71583}
}
@article{fds238510,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Discontents of Islamic Economic Morality},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {438-442},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1725 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238510}
}
@article{fds238509,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamic Economics and the Islamic Subeconomy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {155-173},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995TJ23700009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Although Islamic economics was developed to serve
cultural and political ends, efforts have been made to put
its ideals into practice. There now exist Islamic banks,
which claim to offer an interest-free alternative to
conventional banking, and government-run Islamic
redistribution systems, which were established to reduce
inequalities. These institutions have not revolutionized the
economic lives of Muslims. Yet, along with a wide variety of
enterprises that have emerged outside the purview of Islamic
economics, they have formed vibrant Islamic subeconomies in
numerous metropolises. These subeconomies are expanding
because they foster interpersonal trust and offer
opportunities for guilt relief. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.9.4.155},
Key = {fds238509}
}
@article{fds238477,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Inevitability of Future Revolutionary
Surprises},
Journal = {American Journal of Sociology},
Volume = {100},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1528-1551},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9602},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995QZ04700005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/230671},
Key = {fds238477}
}
@article{fds238462,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Further reflections on the behavioral norms of Islamic
economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-163},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(94)00030-I},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(94)00030-I},
Key = {fds238462}
}
@book{fds71189,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {Private Truths, Public Lies: The Social Consequences of
Preference Falsification},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds71189}
}
@misc{fds71596,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Interest},
Volume = {2,},
Pages = {205-07},
Booktitle = {Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic
World},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds71596}
}
@misc{fds71597,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {1,},
Pages = {397-400},
Booktitle = {Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic
World},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds71597}
}
@misc{fds71598,
Author = {T. Kuran and Jeffrey Nugent},
Title = {Economic Development},
Volume = {1,},
Pages = {393-97},
Booktitle = {Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic
World},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds71598}
}
@article{fds238508,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {RELIGIOUS ECONOMICS AND THE ECONOMICS OF
RELIGION},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF INSTITUTIONAL AND THEORETICAL
ECONOMICS-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE GESAMTE STAATSWISSENSCHAFT},
Volume = {150},
Number = {4},
Pages = {769-775},
Publisher = {J C B MOHR},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0932-4569},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994PY41700015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238508}
}
@article{fds325440,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {ISLAMIC IDENTITY AND DEVELOPMENT - STUDIES OF THE ISLAMIC
PERIPHERY - REPLY},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {175-176},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {1994},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds325440}
}
@article{fds238506,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Mitigating the tyranny of public opinion: Anonymous
discourse and the ethic of sincerity},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-78},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {1043-4062},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393282},
Abstract = {Public opinion breeds tyranny by forcing individuals to
refrain from voicing their genuine thoughts and feelings.
The means used to mitigate such tyranny include the
separation of governmental powers, the ethic of tolerance,
and the secret ballot. Yet neither individually nor
collectively do these devices prevent the emergence and
persistence of social taboos. This paper proposes two
additional corrective devices. One is an electronic
instrument that would enable public officials to deliberate
on socially sensitive matters behind a veil of anonymity.
The other is an ethic that would enhance the utility
citizens derive from truthfulness on political matters. ©
1993 George Mason University.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02393282},
Key = {fds238506}
}
@article{fds142087,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {M. Umer Chapra, Islam and the Economic Challenge},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {1484-86},
Publisher = {Islamic Foundation},
Address = {Leicester, England},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142087}
}
@article{fds238489,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Seeds of racial explosion},
Journal = {Society},
Volume = {30},
Number = {6},
Pages = {55-67},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0147-2011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02700276},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02700276},
Key = {fds238489}
}
@article{fds325441,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {ISLAM AND THE ECONOMIC-CHALLENGE - CHAPRA,MU},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1484-1486},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds325441}
}
@article{fds142088,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {M. Casson, The Economics of Business Culture: Game Theory,
Transaction Costs, and Economic Performance},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {234-5},
Publisher = {Clarendon Press},
Address = {Oxford},
Year = {1993},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds142088}
}
@article{fds325442,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {THE ECONOMICS OF BUSINESS CULTURE - GAME-THEORY, TRANSACTION
COSTS, AND ECONOMIC-PERFORMANCE - CASSON,M},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {234-235},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1993},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325442}
}
@article{fds238507,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Unthinkable and the Unthought},
Journal = {Rationality and Society},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {473-505},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1043-4631},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LY99600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {When people misrepresent their beliefs in response to social
pressures, public discourse gets impoverished. Because
public discourse is a basic determinant of individual
perceptions and understandings, a by-product is the
distortion of private knowledge. This article highlights a
tendency for beliefs treated as unthinkable to disappear
from society's repertoire of ideas, that is, to become
unthought. Two mechanisms are identified as the vehicles of
this destructive evolutionary process. The first is
intragenerational: As individuals we base many of our
judgments on social proof. The second is intergenerational:
We tend not to think about matters our forebears have
treated as settled. The argument distinguishes between hard
beliefs, which are based on direct observation, inference,
and analysis, and soft beliefs, which are based exclusively
on social proof. © 1993, SAGE Periodicals Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/1043463193005004005},
Key = {fds238507}
}
@misc{fds71586,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {“Institutions as regulators of economic change” [Comment
on four articles by Eric Dahmén, Richard Day, Tad
Rybcznski, and Gunnar Eliasson]},
Journal = {he Market in Ownership, Innovation, and Control},
Pages = {50-53},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds71586}
}
@article{fds71449,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {The economic impact of Islamic fundamentalism},
Pages = {302-341},
Booktitle = {Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Policies, Economies,
and Militance},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {M. Marty and S. Appleby},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds71449}
}
@article{fds71450,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Fundamentalisms and the economy},
Pages = {289-301},
Booktitle = {Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Policies, Economies,
and Militance},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Address = {Chicago},
Editor = {M. Marty and S. Appleby},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds71450}
}
@article{fds142089,
Author = {Timur Kuran},
Title = {A. Rahnema and F. Nomani, The Secular Miracle: Religion,
Politics and Economic Policy in Iran},
Journal = {Journal of Islamic Studies},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {286-8},
Year = {1992},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds142089}
}
@misc{fds71587,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Why revolutions are better understood than predicted: The
role of preference falsification” [Comment on an article
by Nikki Keddie]},
Journal = {Contention,},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {199-207},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds71587}
}
@article{fds142090,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Ö. Mehmet, Islamic Identity and Development: Studies of the
Islamic Periphery},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {137-40},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds142090}
}
@article{fds325443,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Özay Mehmet, Islamic Identity and Development: Studies of
the Islamic Periphery (London: Routledge, 1990). Pp.
268.},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {137-140},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800001501},
Doi = {10.1017/s0020743800001501},
Key = {fds325443}
}
@article{fds325444,
Author = {Kuran, T and Goldstone, JA},
Title = {Explanatory Success Does Not Imply Predictive
Power},
Journal = {Contemporary Sociology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {8-8},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2074694},
Doi = {10.2307/2074694},
Key = {fds325444}
}
@article{fds142092,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {M. A. Choudhury, Islamic Economic Co-operation},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {395-8},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds142092}
}
@article{fds238504,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {COGNITIVE LIMITATIONS AND PREFERENCE EVOLUTION},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF INSTITUTIONAL AND THEORETICAL
ECONOMICS-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE GESAMTE STAATSWISSENSCHAFT},
Volume = {147},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-273},
Publisher = {J C B MOHR},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0932-4569},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FT36300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238504}
}
@article{fds325445,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Islamic economic co-operation},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {395-398},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-5967(91)90098-e},
Doi = {10.1016/0147-5967(91)90098-e},
Key = {fds325445}
}
@article{fds238503,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The East European Revolution of 1989: Is It Surprising That
We Were Surprised?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-125},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FJ36400021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238503}
}
@article{fds238505,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Element of Surprise in the East European Revolution of
1989},
Journal = {World Politics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-48},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0043-8871},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GL63700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2010422},
Key = {fds238505}
}
@article{fds142093,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {J. Elster, The Cement of Society: A Study of Social
Order},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {1194-5},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142093}
}
@article{fds325447,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {THE CEMENT OF SOCIETY - A STUDY OF SOCIAL-ORDER -
ELSTER,J},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1194-1195},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds325447}
}
@article{fds238502,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Private and public preferences},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-26},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0266-2671},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DK79800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S026626710000064X},
Key = {fds238502}
}
@article{fds322427,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {ON THE NOTION OF ECONOMIC-JUSTICE IN CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC
THOUGHT - REPLY},
Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {376-377},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1990},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800034309},
Doi = {10.1017/S0020743800034309},
Key = {fds322427}
}
@article{fds142094,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {M.S. Khan and A. Mirakhor, Theoretical Studies in Islamic
Banking and Finance},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {486-9},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds142094}
}
@article{fds325448,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Theoretical studies in islamic banking and
finance},
Journal = {Journal of Comparative Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {486-489},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-5967(89)90075-9},
Doi = {10.1016/0147-5967(89)90075-9},
Key = {fds325448}
}
@article{fds238500,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Sparks and prairie fires: A theory of unanticipated
political revolution},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-74},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00116762},
Abstract = {A feature shared by certain major revolutions is that they
were not anticipated. Here is an explanation, which hinges
on the observation that people who come to dislike their
government are apt to hide their desire for change as long
as the opposition seems weak. Because of this preference
falsification, a government that appears unshakeable might
see its support crumble following a slight surge in the
opposition's apparent size, caused by events insignificant
in and of themselves. Unlikely though the revolution may
have appeared in foresight, it will in hindsight appear
inevitable because its occurrence exposes a panoply of
previously hidden conflicts. © 1989 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00116762},
Key = {fds238500}
}
@article{fds238501,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {On the notion of economic justice in contemporary islamic
thought},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-191},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0020-7438},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989U588600002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S002074380003227X},
Key = {fds238501}
}
@article{fds71567,
Author = {T. Kuran and Mongi Azabou and Mustapha Nabli},
Title = {The wholesale produce market of Tunis and its porters: A
tale of market degeneration},
Pages = {352-374},
Booktitle = {The New Institutional Economics and Development: Theory and
Applications to Tunisia},
Publisher = {North-Holland},
Address = {Amsterdam},
Editor = {Mustapha Nabli and Jeffrey Nugent},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds71567}
}
@article{fds71568,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {The craft guilds of Tunis and their amins: A study in
institutional atrophy},
Pages = {236-264},
Booktitle = {The New Institutional Economics and Development: Theory and
Applications to Tunisia},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds71568}
}
@article{fds325446,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {THE ROLE OF DECEPTION IN POLITICAL COMPETITION.},
Pages = {71-95},
Booktitle = {The Competitive State},
Publisher = {Kluwer-Nijhoff},
Address = {Boston},
Editor = {A. Breton and G. Galeotti and P. Salmon and R.
Wintrobe},
Year = {1989},
ISBN = {0-7923-0835-2},
Key = {fds325446}
}
@article{fds142095,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {G. Meier, Pioneers in Development: Second
Series},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {1753-5},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142095}
}
@article{fds325449,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {PIONEERS IN DEVELOPMENT - MEIER,GM},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1753-1755},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325449}
}
@article{fds238498,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The tenacious past: Theories of personal and collective
conservatism},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-171},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(88)90043-1},
Abstract = {A number of theories have been developed to explain why
societies do not always adapt to changing conditions. These
are critiqued here, with an emphasis on their substantive
and methodological differences. Some theories ascribe lack
of adaptation to personal conservatism, attachment to the
past by the individual members of society. Others invoke
collective conservatism, the attachment of society as a
whole to collective past choices. Methodologically, the
theories differ in the extent to which they resort to
optimistic functionalism. A limitation common to most is
that they overlook the feedback from actual choices to
individuals' beliefs and preferences. ©
1988.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(88)90043-1},
Key = {fds238498}
}
@article{fds142096,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {T. Scitovsky, Human Desire and Economic Satisfaction},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {1852-4},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142096}
}
@article{fds325450,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {HUMAN DESIRE AND ECONOMIC SATISFACTION - ESSAYS ON THE
FRONTIERS OF ECONOMICS - SCITOVSKY,T},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1852-1854},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325450}
}
@article{fds238497,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Preference Falsification, Policy Continuity and Collective
Conservatism},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {97},
Number = {387},
Pages = {642-642},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1987},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987K034600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2232928},
Key = {fds238497}
}
@article{fds238499,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Chameleon voters and public choice},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-78},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115654},
Abstract = {A model is presented of an open-voting public choice process
that features pressure groups vying for society's support.
Individuals choose what policy to advocate on the basis of
their private preferences, which are those they would
express in a secret ballot; endogenous social pressures; and
the utility they gain from integrity. They falsify their
preferences when the benefits of doing so outweigh the
costs. An implication is that a policy advocated by few
people in private might receive strong public support. The
paper goes on to explore why secret voting, which eliminates
this possibility, might not be adopted. © 1987 Martinus
Nijhoff Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00115654},
Key = {fds238499}
}
@article{fds71572,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Continuity and change in Islamic economic
thought},
Pages = {103-113},
Booktitle = {Pre-Classical Political Economy: From the Greeks to the
Scottish Enlightenment},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds71572}
}
@article{fds142097,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {R. Brenner, Betting on Ideas: Wars, Invention,
Inflation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {1802-4},
Year = {1986},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142097}
}
@article{fds325451,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {BETTING ON IDEAS - WARS, INVENTION, INFLATION -
BRENNER,R},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1802-1804},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1986},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325451}
}
@article{fds142098,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {M. Syrquin, L. Taylor, and L. Westphal, Economic Structure
and Performance},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {687-8},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds142098}
}
@article{fds325452,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {ECONOMIC-STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE - ESSAYS IN HONOR OF
CHENERY,HOLLIS,B. - SYRQUIN,M, TAYLOR,L,
WESTPHAL,LE},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {687-688},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds325452}
}
@article{fds238494,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {ANTICIPATED INFLATION AND AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF
COSTLY PRICE ADJUSTMENT},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {293-311},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C459100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Even if inflation is perfectly anticipated, a firm that
finds nominal price adjustments sufficiently costly will
reset its price at multi‐period intervals. Consequently,
its average output will change in a direction that depends
on properties of its profit function. On the basis of this
observation, which does not involve money illusion, the
paper shows that anticipated inflation can stimulate
aggregate employment through a process that entails changes
in the factor demands of individual monopolistic firms and
in the intersectoral allocation of consumer expenditure.
Simulations indicate, however, that the gain in aggregate
employment is likely to be modest. Copyright © 1986, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1986.tb01811.x},
Key = {fds238494}
}
@article{fds238495,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {The Economic System In Contemporary Islamic Thought:
Interpretation And Assessment},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {135-164},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0020-7438},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C516700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S0020743800029767},
Key = {fds238495}
}
@article{fds238496,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Price adjustment costs, anticipated inflation, and
output},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {101},
Number = {2},
Pages = {407-418},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C222900010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1891122},
Key = {fds238496}
}
@article{fds142099,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {K. Ahmad, Studies in Islamic Economics},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {17},
Pages = {261-3},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds142099}
}
@article{fds325453,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Khurshid Ahmad, ed., Studies in Islamic Economics, Published
for the International Center for Research in Islamic
Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Leicester: The
Islamic Foundation, 1980). Pp. 413.},
Journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {261-263},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800029020},
Doi = {10.1017/s0020743800029020},
Key = {fds325453}
}
@article{fds325454,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Sour grapes: Studies in the subversion of
rationality},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {401-403},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1984},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(84)90010-6},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(84)90010-6},
Key = {fds325454}
}
@article{fds142100,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {J. Elster, Sour Grapes: Studies in the Subversion of
Rationality},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {401-3},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds142100}
}
@article{fds142101,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {B. Balassa and associates, Development Strategies in
Semi-Industrial Economies},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {1515-7},
Year = {1983},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds142101}
}
@article{fds238492,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Asymmetric Price Rigidity and Inflationary
Bias.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {73},
Number = {3},
Pages = {373-382},
Year = {1983},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QT44100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds238492}
}
@article{fds238493,
Author = {Kuran, T},
Title = {Behavioral norms in the Islamic doctrine of economics. A
critique},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {353-379},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(83)90014-8},
Abstract = {At the heart of the contemporary Islamic doctrine of
economics lies a set of behavioral norms derived from the
first Islamic society in seventh century Arabia. This paper
demonstrates that these norms cannot be expected to serve as
the spearhead of a drive for modern economic development.
For one thing, the proposed norms are unlikely to enjoy
widespread adherence in large societies where it is
difficult to achieve a common perception of reality, elicit
generalized altruism and overcome the free rider problem.
Secondly, many Islamic norms are ambiguous, and some
interfere with institutions designed to improve the workings
of markets. © 1983.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-2681(83)90014-8},
Key = {fds238493}
}
@article{fds326188,
Author = {KURAN, T},
Title = {DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN SEMI-INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES -
BALASSA,B},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1515-1517},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds326188}
}
@article{fds71578,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Internal migration: The unorganized urban sector and income
distribution in Turkey, 1963-1973},
Pages = {349-378},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Income Distribution in
Turkey},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds71578}
}
@article{fds71579,
Author = {T. Kuran},
Title = {Technical appendix to “Substitution and structural
change”},
Booktitle = {Structural Change and Development Policy},
Year = {1979},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds71579}
}
%% Kuribko, Nataliya
@misc{fds42299,
Author = {N. Kuribko},
Title = {Managing a Partnership Efficiently},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~nk13/kuribko_partnership.pdf},
Abstract = {Partnerships are often observed to dissolve before potential
benefits are realized. I show that there exists a dynamic
contract, under which a partnership continues to operate
until a multistage project is completed. An important
feature of this contract is allowing for flexibility in the
control rights of the partners over the life of the
partnership. Players are found to have cost-economizing and
strategic rationale for joining a partnership, which affect
the optimal allocation of control rights. In the absence of
a technology spillover, partners invest at the socially
optimal level. The model is applied to the cases of an R&D
consortium and cumulative innovation process.},
Key = {fds42299}
}
@article{fds42300,
Author = {N. Kuribko},
Title = {Research vs. Development: Case of Durable
Good},
Year = {2005},
Abstract = {I incorporate the dual aspects of the technological
progress, a combination of innovative activity and marginal
improvements, into firm’s decision over developing a
durable good. Those few theoretical papers that considers
this aspect, take innovation process to be deterministic. I
relax this assumption by allowing for stochastic innovation.
Contrary to deterministic case, I show that the firm does
not necessarily have an incentive to invest at socially
optimal level. Furthermore, there exists a cost structure
for medium and high quality range, for which the firm
duplicates its efforts by investing in both improvement and
innovation.},
Key = {fds42300}
}
@article{fds42301,
Author = {N. Kuribko},
Title = {Coalition of Endogenous Size in First Price
Auction},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~nk13/kuribko_auction.pdf},
Abstract = {The paper considers first price auction framework with
non-strategic auctioneer and no shill bidding. At most one
ring is allowed to be formed. The size of the ring, however,
is not fixed. I study conditions which determine the size of
the ring. I develop the sufficient conditions under which
bidders with high valuations does not join the ring, while
the bidders with lower valuations are in the ring. I also
provide a sufficient condition for a ring to be all-
inclusive. In this framework outside bidders benefit from
the presence of the ring, while auctioneer
loses},
Key = {fds42301}
}
%% Ladd, Helen F.
@article{fds373879,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Clifton, CR},
Title = {RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN STUDENT ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY
TEACHERS},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {738-752},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00402},
Abstract = {Access to high-quality teachers in K–12 schools differs
systematically by racial group. This policy brief reviews
the academic research documenting these differences and the
labor market forces and segregation patterns that solidify
them. It also presents new analysis of differential exposure
in North Carolina of white, black, and Hispanic students to
teachers with different quality-related credentials across
five grade–subject combinations. White students are most
often in classrooms taught by teachers with strong
credentials and least often by those with weak credentials,
not only across the state as a whole, but also within most
of the state’s counties, especially those whose schools
are most segregated by race. To address such disparities,
decision makers at all three levels— state, district, and
school—have various policy options to consider, with each
level having an important role to play.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00402},
Key = {fds373879}
}
@article{fds361294,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF and Turaeva,
MR},
Title = {School Segregation in the Era of Color-Blind Jurisprudence
and School Choice},
Journal = {Urban Affairs Review},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {406-446},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10780874211049510},
Abstract = {The decades-long resistance to federally imposed school
desegregation entered a new phase at the turn of the new
century. At that time, federal courts stopped pushing racial
balance as a remedy for past segregation and adopted in its
place a color-blind approach to evaluating school district
assignment plans. Using data that span 1998 to 2016 from
North Carolina, one of the first states to come under this
color-blind dictum, we examine the ways in which households
and policymakers took actions that had the effect of
reducing the amount of interracial contact in K-12 schools
within counties. We divide these reductions in interracial
contact into portions due to the private school and charter
school sectors, the existence of multiple school districts,
and racial disparities between schools within districts and
sectors. For most counties, the last of these proves to be
the biggest, though in some counties private schools,
charter schools, or multiple districts played a deciding
role. In addition, we decompose segregation in the state's
11 metropolitan areas, finding that more than half can be
attributed to racial disparities inside school districts. We
also measure segregation by economic status, finding that
it, like racial segregation, increased in the largest urban
counties, but elsewhere changed little over the
period.},
Doi = {10.1177/10780874211049510},
Key = {fds361294}
}
@article{fds359075,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {Charter schools and equity: The power of
accountability},
Journal = {Phi Delta Kappan},
Volume = {103},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-24},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00317217211043620},
Abstract = {Many proponents of charter schools suggest that, by
providing an option outside traditional public schools, they
are helping disadvantaged students who might otherwise be
confined to low-quality neighborhood schools. But
market-based accountability structures are insufficient to
ensure that charter schools are actually enrolling students
(i.e., students from economically distressed families,
students with disabilities, English learners, and students
of color) and, once they are enrolled, providing them
sufficient support. Helen Ladd and Edward Fiske use the
Massachusetts system of authorization, data collection, and
site visits to illustrate a high quality public
accountability system for charter schools that is focused on
promoting equity.},
Doi = {10.1177/00317217211043620},
Key = {fds359075}
}
@article{fds354913,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Clifton, CR and Turaeva,
MR},
Title = {School Segregation at the Classroom Level in a Southern
‘New Destination’ State},
Journal = {Race and Social Problems},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-160},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12552-020-09309-w},
Abstract = {Using detailed administrative data for public schools, we
document racial and ethnic segregation at the classroom
level in North Carolina, a state that has experienced a
sharp increase in Hispanic enrollment. We decompose
classroom-level segregation in counties into within-school
and between-school components. We find that the
within-school component accounted for a sizable share of
total segregation in middle schools and high schools.
Recognizing its importance could temper the praise for
school assignment policies that reduce racial disparities
between schools but allow large disparities within them.
More generally, we observe between the two components a
complementary relationship, with one component tending to be
large when the other one is small. Comparing the degree of
segregation for the state’s two largest racial/ethnic
minority groups, we find that white/Hispanic segregation was
more severe than white/black segregation, particularly
within schools. Finally, we examine enrollment patterns by
course and show that school segregation brings with it
differences by race and ethnicity in the courses that
students take, with white students more likely to be
enrolled in advanced classes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12552-020-09309-w},
Key = {fds354913}
}
@article{fds355470,
Author = {Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF and Clifton, CR},
Title = {Do Teacher Assistants Improve Student Outcomes? Evidence
From School Funding Cutbacks in North Carolina},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {280-304},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373721990361},
Abstract = {This article examines the influence of teacher assistants
and other personnel on outcomes for elementary school
students during a period of recession-induced cutbacks in
teacher assistants. Using panel data from North Carolina, we
exploit the state’s unique system of financing its local
public schools to identify the causal effects of teacher
assistants, controlling for other staff, on measures of
student achievement. We find consistent evidence of positive
effects of teacher assistants, an understudied staffing
category, on student performance in reading and math. We
also find larger positive effects of teacher assistants on
achievement outcomes for students of color and students in
high-poverty schools than for White students and students in
more affluent schools. We conclude that teacher assistants
are a cost-effective means of raising student achievement,
especially in reading.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373721990361},
Key = {fds355470}
}
@article{fds335186,
Author = {Muschkin, CG and Ladd, HF and Dodge, KA and Bai, Y},
Title = {Gender Differences in the Impact of North Carolina’s Early
Care and Education Initiatives on Student Outcomes in
Elementary School},
Journal = {Educational Policy},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {377-407},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895904818773901},
Abstract = {Based on growing evidence of the long-term benefits of
enriched early childhood experiences, we evaluate the
potential for addressing gender disparities in elementary
school through early care and education programs.
Specifically, we explore the community-wide effects of two
statewide initiatives in North Carolina on gender
differences in academic outcomes in Grades 3 to 5, using
administrative student data and information on variation in
program availability across counties and over time. We find
that although investments in early care and education
programs produce significant gains in math and reading
skills on average for all children, boys experience larger
program-related gains than girls. Moreover, the greatest
gains among boys emerge for those from less advantaged
families. In contrast, the large and statistically
significant reductions in special education placements
induced by these early childhood program do not differ
consistently by gender.},
Doi = {10.1177/0895904818773901},
Key = {fds335186}
}
@misc{fds353038,
Author = {Figlio, DN and Ladd, HF},
Title = {The economics of school accountability},
Pages = {567-575},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Education: A Comprehensive
Overview},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128153918},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815391-8.00042-2},
Abstract = {Demands for more accountability and results-based incentive
systems in K-12 education come from many directions and
currently dominate much of the education policy discussion
at both the state and federal levels in the United States
(Ladd, 1996; Ladd & Hansen, 1999) and abroad (Burgess,
Propper, Slater, & Wilson, 2005). Accountability in
education is a broad concept that could be addressed in many
ways: using political processes to assure democratic
accountability, introducing market-based reforms to increase
accountability to parents and children, developing
peer-based accountability systems to increase the
professional accountability of teachers, or using
administrative accountability systems designed to drive the
system toward higher student achievement. This article
focuses on this last approach and pays particular attention
to programs that focus on the individual school as the
primary unit of accountability.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-815391-8.00042-2},
Key = {fds353038}
}
@article{fds340577,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Singleton, JD},
Title = {The fiscal externalities of charter schools: Evidence from
North Carolina},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-208},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00272},
Abstract = {A significant criticism of the charter school movement is
that funding for charter schools diverts money away from
traditional public schools. The magnitude of such adverse
fiscal externalities depends in part on the nature of state
and local funding policies. In this paper, we examine the
fiscal effects of charter schools on both urban and nonurban
school districts in North Carolina. We base our analysis on
detailed balance sheet information for a sample of school
districts that experienced substantial charter growth since
the statewide cap on charters was raised in 2011. We find a
large and negative fiscal impact in excess of $500 per
traditional public school pupil in our one urban school
district, which translates into an average fiscal cost of
about $3,600 for each student enrolled in charter schools.
We estimate comparable to somewhat larger fiscal
externalities per charter school pupil for two nonurban
districts.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00272},
Key = {fds340577}
}
@article{fds345847,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {EXPERIMENTATION FALLS SHORT AS A JUSTIFICATION FOR MORE
CHARTER SCHOOLS},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1074-1076},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.22165},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.22165},
Key = {fds345847}
}
@article{fds345848,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {HOW CHARTER SCHOOLS THREATEN THE PUBLIC INTEREST},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1063-1071},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.22163},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.22163},
Key = {fds345848}
}
@article{fds348767,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Raising the bar for college admission: North Carolina’s
increase in minimum math course requirements},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {492-521},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00258},
Abstract = {We explore the effects of a statewide policy change that
increased the number of high school math courses required
for admission to four-year public universities in North
Carolina. Using data on cohorts of eighth-grade students
from 1999 to 2006, we exploit variation by district over
time in the math course-taking environment encountered by
students. Purely as a result of a student’s year of birth
and location, students faced different probabilities of
encountering a sequence of math courses sufficient to
qualify for admission. Within an instrumental variables
setup, we examine effects of this policy shift. We find that
students took more math courses in high school following the
state’s announcement, with relatively larger increases for
students in the middle and bottom quintiles of their
eighth-grade math test scores. Our results suggest this
increased math course-taking led to higher high school
graduation rates. It also led to increases in enrollment
rates at universities in the University of North Carolina
system, with the largest increases being in the quintiles of
student achievement from which universities were already
drawing the bulk of their enrollees. Finally, we find scant
evidence of boosts in post-enrollment college performance
due to increased math course-taking in high
school.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00258},
Key = {fds348767}
}
@misc{fds357518,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {International perspectives on school choice},
Pages = {87-100},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research on School Choice},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815381464},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351210447-7},
Abstract = {An international perspective on school choice enables one to
see how various choice-related issues arise and play out in
other countries. This chapter examines how they provide
choice options in different forms and for different reasons.
Some countries have long offered schools for specific groups
of residents in recognition of the pluralism of their
populations and the constitutionally protected rights of
those groups. Other countries, starting most dramatically
with Chile in 1981, have expanded school choice to
individuals based on the neoliberal view that competition
for students will improve student outcomes and make the
system more efficient. A central component of most choice
programs is managerial flexibility at the school level, but
countries differ in the extent to which they rely on
publicly or privately managed schools. The chapter draws
attention to three types of policy decisions implicit in any
choice scheme. First are decisions about school funding,
including school fees and extra resources for schools
serving expensive-to-educate students. Second is methods for
holding differentiated schools accountable for the public
interest. The third is decisions about school admissions
policies, with attention to their effects on segregation by
socioeconomic status.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781351210447-7},
Key = {fds357518}
}
@article{fds340050,
Author = {Brighouse, H and Ladd, H and Loeb, S and Swift, A},
Title = {Good education policy making: Data-informed but
values-driven},
Journal = {Phi Delta Kappan},
Volume = {100},
Number = {4},
Pages = {36-39},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721718815671},
Abstract = {In this article, based on their book Educational Goods:
Values, Evidence and Decision Making, Harry Brighouse, Helen
Ladd, Susanna Loeb, and Adam Swift encourage education
decision makers to give careful thought to the values that
underlie the data they collect and use to inform policy.
Rather than basing decisions entirely on what improves
academic achievement, the authors call for attention to a
wider array of values, which they call educational goods.
These include the capacities to function in the labor
market, to participate effectively in the democratic
process, to make autonomous judgments about key life
decisions such as occupation or religion, to develop healthy
interpersonal relationships, to seek personal fulfilment,
and to treat others with respect and dignity. Thinking in
terms of these values can broaden the conversation about
education priorities and bring clarity to decisions
involving trade-offs and conflicting aims.},
Doi = {10.1177/0031721718815671},
Key = {fds340050}
}
@misc{fds341115,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Self-governing schools, parental choice, and the public
interest},
Pages = {235-248},
Booktitle = {School Choice at the Crossroads: Research
Perspectives},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780815380368},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351213318},
Doi = {10.4324/9781351213318},
Key = {fds341115}
}
@article{fds331038,
Author = {Heissel, JA and Ladd, HF},
Title = {School turnaround in North Carolina: A regression
discontinuity analysis},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {302-320},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.08.001},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effect of a federally supported
school turnaround program in North Carolina elementary and
middle schools. Using a regression discontinuity design, we
find that the turnaround program did not improve, and may
have reduced, average school-level passing rates in math and
reading. One potential contributor to that finding appears
to be that the program increased the concentration of
low-income students in treated schools. Based on teacher
survey data, we find that, as was intended, treated schools
brought in new principals and increased the time teachers
devoted to professional development. At the same time, the
program increased administrative burdens and distracted
teachers, potentially reducing time available for
instruction, and increased teacher turnover after the first
full year of implementation. Overall, we find little
evidence of success for North Carolina's efforts to turn
around low-performing schools under its Race to the Top
grant.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.08.001},
Key = {fds331038}
}
@article{fds333293,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Hemelt, SW and Ladd, HF},
Title = {MULTIFACETED AID FOR LOW-INCOME STUDENTS AND COLLEGE
OUTCOMES: EVIDENCE FROM NORTH CAROLINA},
Pages = {278-303},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12486},
Abstract = {We study the evolution of a campus-based aid program for
low-income students that began with grant-heavy financial
aid and later added a suite of nonfinancial supports. We
find little to no evidence that program eligibility during
the early years (2004–2006), in which students received
additional institutional grant aid and few nonfinancial
supports, improved postsecondary progress, performance, or
completion. In contrast, program-eligible students in more
recent cohorts (2007–2010), when the program supplemented
grant-heavy aid with an array of nonfinancial supports, were
more likely to meet credit accumulation benchmarks toward
timely graduation and earned higher grade point averages
than their barely ineligible counterparts. (JEL I21, I23,
I24, J08).},
Doi = {10.1111/ecin.12486},
Key = {fds333293}
}
@article{fds317802,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Clotfelter, CT and Holbein, JB},
Title = {The growing segmentation of the charter school sector in
North Carolina},
Pages = {536-563},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00226},
Abstract = {A defining characteristic of charter schools is that they
introduce a strong market element into public education. In
this paper, we examine through the lens of a market model
the evolution of the charter school sector in North Carolina
between 1999 and 2012. We examine trends in the mix of
students enrolled in charter schools, the racial imbalance
of charter schools, patterns in student match quality by
schools’ racial composition, and the distributions of test
score performance gains compared to those in traditional
public schools. In addition, we use student fixed effects
models to examine plausibly causal measures of charter
school effectiveness. Our findings indicate that charter
schools in North Carolina are increasingly serving the
interests of relatively able white students in racially
imbalanced schools and that despite improvements in the
charter school sector over time, charter schools are still
no more effective on average than traditional public
schools.},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00226},
Key = {fds317802}
}
@article{fds329778,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Self-governing schools, parental choice, and the need to
protect the public interest},
Journal = {Phi Delta Kappan},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-36},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721717728276},
Abstract = {As policy makers call for the dramatic expansion of school
choice and voucher programs across the U.S., it becomes all
the more important for educators and advocates to consider
lessons learned in countries – such as the Netherlands,
New Zealand, and England – that have already gone down
this path. Efforts to promote choice and school
self-governance have shown clear benefits for individual
students and families, but they have had troubling
consequences for the broader public.},
Doi = {10.1177/0031721717728276},
Key = {fds329778}
}
@article{fds326149,
Author = {Holbein, JB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Accountability pressure: Regression discontinuity estimates
of how No Child Left Behind influenced student
behavior},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {55-67},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.005},
Abstract = {In this paper we examine how failing to make adequate yearly
progress under No Child Left Behind (NCLB), and the
accountability pressure that ensues, affects various
non-achievement student behaviors. Using administrative data
from North Carolina and leveraging a discontinuity in the
determination of school failure, we examine the causal
impact of this form of accountability pressure both on
student behaviors that are incentivized by NCLB and on those
that are not. We find evidence that, as NCLB intends,
pressure encourages students to show up at school and to do
so on time. Accountability pressure also appears to have the
unintended effect, however, of increasing the number of
student misbehaviors. Further, we find some evidence that
this negative response is most pronounced among minorities
and low performing students: those who are the most likely
to be left behind.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.005},
Key = {fds326149}
}
@article{fds325803,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Sorensen, LC},
Title = {Returns to teacher experience: Student achievement and
motivation in middle school},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-279},
Publisher = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press (MIT Press):
Economics Titles},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/EDFP_a_00194},
Abstract = {We use rich longitudinally matched administrative data on
students and teachers in North Carolina to examine the
patterns of differential effectiveness by teachers’ years
of experience. The paper contributes to the literature by
focusing on middle school teachers and by extending the
analysis to student outcomes beyond test scores. Once we
control statistically for the quality of individual teachers
by the use of teacher fixed effects, we find large returns
to experience for middle school teachers in the form both of
higher test scores and improvements in student behavior,
with the clearest behavioral effects emerging for reductions
in student absenteeism. Moreover these returns extend well
beyond the first few years of teaching. The paper
contributes to policy debates by documenting that teachers
can and do continue to learn on the job.},
Doi = {10.1162/EDFP_a_00194},
Key = {fds325803}
}
@article{fds324675,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND: A DEEPLY FLAWED FEDERAL
POLICY},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {461-469},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21978},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21978},
Key = {fds324675}
}
@misc{fds347145,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Charter schools in North Carolina},
Pages = {195-219},
Booktitle = {Charter School Outcomes},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780805862218},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315095806-11},
Abstract = {Legislation authorizing charter schools in North Carolina
was passed in 1996, and the first charter schools opened in
fall 1997. Charter schools in North Carolina can be
authorized by a local district, the state university, or the
state Board of Education, but final approval must come from
the state Board of Education. The analysis in this chapter
is based primarily on administrative data provided by the
North Carolina Education Research Data Center for five
cohorts of students. Each cohort contains the universe of
students in third grade in North Carolina public schools in
1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000 and follows them through
eighth grade or until the 2001–2002 school year, whichever
comes first. The authors’ analysis is based on the
specific choices charter school families made in five North
Carolina metropolitan areas. The findings in the chapter
raise serious concerns about North Carolina’s charter
school program.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315095806-11},
Key = {fds347145}
}
@article{fds329779,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Commentary},
Journal = {Journal of Social Issues},
Volume = {72},
Number = {4},
Pages = {812-827},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Editor = {Eng, N and Ornstein, A},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josi.12195},
Doi = {10.1111/josi.12195},
Key = {fds329779}
}
@article{fds330478,
Author = {Dodge, KA and Bai, Y and Ladd, HF and Muschkin, CG},
Title = {Impact of North Carolina's Early Childhood Programs and
Policies on Educational Outcomes in Elementary
School},
Journal = {Child Dev},
Volume = {88},
Number = {3},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12645},
Abstract = {North Carolina's Smart Start and More at Four (MAF) early
childhood programs were evaluated through the end of
elementary school (age 11) by estimating the impact of state
funding allocations to programs in each of 100 counties
across 13 consecutive years on outcomes for all children in
each county-year group (n = 1,004,571; 49% female; 61%
non-Latinx White, 30% African American, 4% Latinx, 5%
other). Student-level regression models with county and year
fixed effects indicated significant positive impacts of each
program on reading and math test scores and reductions in
special education and grade retention in each grade. Effect
sizes grew or held steady across years. Positive effects
held for both high- and low-poverty families, suggesting
spillover of effects to nonparticipating
peers.},
Doi = {10.1111/cdev.12645},
Key = {fds330478}
}
@article{fds317801,
Author = {Holbein, JB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Accountability Pressure: Regression Discontinuity Estimates
of How NCLB Affects Student Behavior},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {In this paper we examine how failing to make adequate yearly
progress under No Child Left Behind (NCLB), and the
accountability pressure that ensues, affects various
non-achievement student behaviors. Using administrative data
from North Carolina and leveraging a discontinuity in the
determination of school failure, we examine the causal
impact of accountability pressure both on student behaviors
that are incentivized by NCLB and on those that are not. We
find evidence that, as NCLB intends, pressure encourages
students to show up at school and to do so on time.
Accountability pressure also has the unintended effect,
however, of increasing the number of student misbehaviors
such as suspensions, fights, and offenses reportable to law
enforcement. Further, this negative response is most
pronounced among minorities and low performing students, who
are the most likely to be left behind.},
Key = {fds317801}
}
@article{fds317797,
Author = {Brighouse, H and Ladd, HF and Loeb, S and Swift, A},
Title = {Educational goods and values: A framework for decision
makers},
Journal = {Theory and Research in Education},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-25},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878515620887},
Abstract = {This article articulates a framework suitable for use when
making decisions about education policy. Decision makers
should establish what the feasible options are and evaluate
them in terms of their contribution to the development, and
distribution, of educational goods in children, balanced
against the negative effect of policies on important
independent values. The article articulates a theory of
educational goods by reference to six capacities that
children should develop – economic productivity, autonomy,
democratic competence, healthy personal relationships,
treating others as equals, and personal fulfillment. It
demarcates three distributive values – adequacy, equality,
and benefitting the less advantaged. And it distinguishes
several independent values – childhood goods, parents’
interests, respect for democratic processes, and freedom of
residence and occupation.},
Doi = {10.1177/1477878515620887},
Key = {fds317797}
}
@article{fds317798,
Author = {Muschkin, CG and Ladd, HF and Dodge, KA},
Title = {Impact of North Carolina’s Early Childhood Initiatives on
Special Education Placements in Third Grade},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {478-500},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373714559096},
Abstract = {This study examines the community-wide effects of
investments in two early childhood initiatives in North
Carolina (Smart Start and More at Four) on the likelihood of
a student being placed into special education. We take
advantage of variation across North Carolina counties and
years in the timing of the introduction and funding levels
of the two programs to identify their effects on third-grade
outcomes. We find that both programs significantly reduce
the likelihood of special education placement in the third
grade, resulting in considerable cost savings to the state.
The effects of the two programs differ across categories of
disability, but do not vary significantly across subgroups
of children identified by race, ethnicity, and maternal
education levels.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373714559096},
Key = {fds317798}
}
@article{fds317800,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, J},
Title = {Public Universities, Equal Opportunity, and the Legacy of
Jim Crow: Evidence from North Carolina},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {College attendance and completion in the U.S. are strongly
correlated with race and socioeconomic background. Do public
postsecondary institutions themselves exacerbate pre-college
disparities, or reduce them? We address this question using
longitudinal data linking the records of students at North
Carolina’s public four-year universities to their public
K-12 records. As a result of an institutional structure
forged during the period of Jim Crow segregation, black
students who attend the state’s public university system
are likely to experience markedly more racial isolation in
college than they did in middle school. Another, more
positive consequence of this structure is to boost in-state
public four-year college enrollment and graduation by
African-American students relative to white students with
similar backgrounds. Conditional on enrolling in one of the
state’s public universities, however, black students lag
behind whites in grades and graduation rates. Regarding
socioeconomic background, we find that lower-status youth
are less likely to enter the system and less likely to
succeed once they enter than those with higher status. The
socioeconomic gap in graduation rates among matriculants
has, however, declined in recent years.<br><br>Institutional
subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents
of developing countries may download this paper without
additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??21577"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds317800}
}
@article{fds266821,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {The aftermath of accelerating algebra: Evidence from
district policy initiatives},
Pages = {159-188},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.50.1.159},
Abstract = {The proportion of students taking a first algebra course in
middle school has doubled over the past generation and there
have been calls to make eighth grade algebra universal. We
use significant policy shifts in the timing of algebra in
two large North Carolina districts to infer the impact of
accelerated entry into algebra on student performance in
math courses as students progress through high school. We
find no evidence of a positive mean impact of acceleration
in any specification and significant negative effects on
performance in both Algebra I and the traditional followup
course, Geometry. Accelerating algebra to middle school
appears benign or beneficial for higherperforming students
but unambiguously harmful to the lowest performers. We
consider whether the effects reflect the reliance on
less-qualified teachers and conclude that this mechanism
explains only a small fraction of the result.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.50.1.159},
Key = {fds266821}
}
@article{fds317799,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Muschkin, C and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Developmental education in North Carolina community
colleges},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {354-375},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373714547267},
Abstract = {This article contributes to the empirical literature on
remediation in community colleges by using policy variation
across North Carolina’s community colleges to examine how
remediation affects various outcomes for traditional-age
college students. We find that being required to take a
remedial course (as we define it in this article) either in
math or in English significantly reduces a student’s
probability of success in college and also the probability
that a student ever passes a college-level math or English
course. Among students who are required to take a remedial
course in their first semester, however, we find no adverse
effects on the probability of returning for another
semester. We also find differential effects by a student’s
prior achievement level, family income, and gender. Despite
methodological differences, our main findings are generally
consistent with, albeit somewhat more negative, than those
from prior studies based on regression discontinuity
designs.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373714547267},
Key = {fds317799}
}
@book{fds342539,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Education equity in an international context},
Pages = {297-313},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research in Education Finance and
Policy},
Publisher = {New York and London: Routledge Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415838016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203788684},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION All countries face issues of educational
equity. Depending on the country, the policy debate may
focus on how to increase access to primary or secondary
schools; how to reduce persistent achievement gaps between
students of different genders, ethnic backgrounds, or income
levels; or how to reduce educational resource disparities
between rural and urban areas of the country. Likewise,
educational priorities in countries where a high proportion
of available jobs require high levels of skills will differ
from those with less demanding job markets. Th ough all such
issues are of interest to policymakers and researchers, we
focus in this chapter on the major areas of educational
policy and research at the international level aimed at
promoting equity in education, particularly in developing
countries.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203788684},
Key = {fds342539}
}
@article{fds289585,
Author = {Vigdor, JL and Ladd, HF and Martinez, E},
Title = {Scaling the digital divide: Home computer technology and
student achievement},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1103-1119},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12089},
Abstract = {Does differential access to computer technology at home
compound the educational disparities between rich and poor?
Would a program of government provision of computers to
early secondary school students reduce these disparities? We
use administrative data on North Carolina public school
students to corroborate earlier surveys that document broad
racial and socioeconomic gaps in home computer access and
use. Using within-student variation in home computer access,
and across-ZIP code variation in the timing of the
introduction of high-speed Internet service, we also
demonstrate that the introduction of home computer
technology is associated with modest, but statistically
significant and persistent negative impacts on student math
and reading test scores. Further evidence suggests that
providing universal access to home computers and high-speed
Internet access would broaden, rather than narrow, math and
reading achievement gaps. © 2014 Western Economic
Association International.},
Doi = {10.1111/ecin.12089},
Key = {fds289585}
}
@misc{fds223112,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Confessions of a Wellesley FEM},
Booktitle = {Michael Svenberg and Lall Ramrrattan (eds), Eminent
Economists II: Their Life and Work Philosophies},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds223112}
}
@misc{fds223115,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob Vigdor},
Title = {Racial and Economic Imbalance in Charlotte's Schools,
1994-2012},
Booktitle = {R.A. Mickelson, S.S. Smith and A.H. Nelson (eds), Yesterday,
Today and Tomorrow. The Past, Present, and Future of School
(De)Segregation in Charlotte},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds223115}
}
@article{fds266846,
Author = {Vigdor, JL and Ladd, HF and Martinez, E},
Title = {Scaling the digital divide: Home computer technology and
student achievement},
Pages = {1103-1119},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w16078.pdf},
Doi = {10.1111/ecin.12089},
Key = {fds266846}
}
@misc{fds266853,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Muschkin, CG and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Success in Community College: Do Institutions
Differ?},
Journal = {Research in Higher Education},
Volume = {54},
Number = {7},
Pages = {805-824},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0361-0365},
url = {http://www.caldercenter.org/sites/default/files/wp74.pdf},
Abstract = {Community colleges are complex organizations and assessing
their performance, though important, is difficult. Compared
to 4-year colleges and universities, community colleges
serve a more diverse population and provide a wider variety
of educational programs that include continuing education
and technical training for adults, and diplomas, associates
degrees, and transfer credits for recent high school
graduates. Focusing solely on the latter programs of North
Carolina's community colleges, we measure the success of
each college along two dimensions: attainment of an applied
diploma or degree; or completion of the coursework required
to transfer to a 4-year college or university. We address
three questions. First, how much variation is there across
the institutions in these measures of student success?
Second, how do these measures of success differ across
institutions after we adjust for the characteristics of the
enrolled students? Third, how do our measures compare to the
measures of success used by the North Carolina Community
College System? Although we find variation along both
dimensions of success, we also find that part of this
variation is attributable to differences in the kinds of
students who attend various colleges. Once we correct for
such differences, we find that it is not possible to
distinguish most of the system's colleges from one another
along either dimension. Top-performing institutions,
however, can be distinguished from the most poorly
performing ones. Finally, our adjusted rates of success show
little correlation either to measurable aspects of the
various colleges or to the metrics used by the state. ©
2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11162-013-9295-6},
Key = {fds266853}
}
@article{fds266850,
Author = {Fuller, SC and Ladd, HF},
Title = {School-based accountability and the distribution of teacher
quality across grades in elementary school},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {528-559},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/EDFP_a_00112},
Abstract = {We use North Carolina data to explore whether the quality of
teachers in the lower elementary grades (K-2) falls short of
teacher quality in the upper grades (3-5) and to examine the
hypothesis that school accountability pressures contribute
to such quality shortfalls. Our concern with the early
grades arises from recent studies highlighting how
children's experiences in those years have lasting effects
on their later outcomes. Using two credentials-based
measures of teacher quality, we document within-school
quality shortfalls in the lower grades, and show that the
shortfalls increased with the introduction of No Child Left
Behind. Consistent with that pattern, we find that schools
responded to accountability pressures by moving their weaker
teachers down to the lower grades and stronger teachers up
to the higher grades. These findings support the view that
accountability pressure induces schools to pursue actions
that work to the disadvantage of children in the lower
grades.© 2013 Association for Education Finance and
Policy.},
Doi = {10.1162/EDFP_a_00112},
Key = {fds266850}
}
@misc{fds266820,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Confessions of a wellesley FEM},
Pages = {249-269},
Booktitle = {Eminent Economists II: Their Life and Work
Philosophies},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107040533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629096.021},
Abstract = {I enrolled in my first economics course in 1963, my freshman
year at Wellesley College, which was then, and still is,
only for women. On the first day of class, my thirty
freshman classmates and I eagerly awaited the arrival of our
teacher. When she entered the classroom, she immediately
announced that, as the chair of the department, she got to
choose which section to teach, and she chose ours. Her
intent was to share with us her excitement about the field
and to send a signal that economics was very much an
appropriate field for women. The teacher was Carolyn Shaw
Bell, who later founded the American Economic
Association’s Committee on the Status of Women in the
Economics Profession. That first course inspired me to join
the ranks of Wellesley FEMs – her term for female
economics majors. Little did I understand at the time the
intellectual opportunities that were then opening up for me.
My Life History I was raised as a provincial New Englander.
My parents, all my grandparents, and many of my
great-grandparents lived in New England, with most of them
spending much of their lives in the Boston area. The men in
the family all went to Harvard College, and my mother and
two of my aunts went to Wellesley College in a Boston
suburb. It was clear to me that Boston was the center of the
universe, and for men a Harvard degree was the key to a
successful life. When I was ready for college, the choice
was obvious. I applied early decision to Wellesley, without
considering any other place. Later when I was ready for
graduate school, I applied only to Harvard.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139629096.021},
Key = {fds266820}
}
@misc{fds208786,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Susanna Loeb},
Title = {The Challenges of Measuring School quality: Implications for
Educational Equity},
Journal = {In D. Allen and R. Reich, eds., Education, Democracy and
Justice},
Pages = {19-42},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds208786}
}
@misc{fds266849,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Muschkin, CG and Dodge, KA},
Title = {From Birth to School: Early Childhood Initiatives and
Third-Grade Outcomes in North Carolina},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {162-187},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21734},
Abstract = {This study examines the community-wide effects of two
statewide early childhood policy initiatives in North
Carolina. One initiative provides funding to improve the
quality of child care services at the county level for all
children between the ages of 0 to 5, and the other provides
funding for preschool slots for disadvantaged
four-year-olds. Differences across counties in the timing of
the rollout and in the magnitude of the state financial
investments per child provide the variation in programs
needed to estimate their effects on schooling outcomes in
third grade. We find robust positive effects of each program
on third-grade test scores in both reading and math. These
effects can best be explained by a combination of direct
benefits for participants and spillover benefits for others.
Our preferred models suggest that the combined average
effects on test scores of investments in both programs at
2009 funding levels are equivalent to two to four months of
instruction in grade 3. © 2013 by the Association for
Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21734},
Key = {fds266849}
}
@article{fds317803,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Algebra for 8th Graders: Evidence on its Effects from 10
North Carolina Districts},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper examines the effects of policies that increase
the number of students who take the first course in algebra
in 8th grade, rather than waiting until 9th grade. Extending
previous research that focused on the Charlotte-Mecklenberg
school system, we use data for the 10 largest districts in
North Carolina. We identify the effects of accelerating the
timetable for taking algebra by using data on multiple
cohorts grouped by decile of prior achievement and
exploiting the fact that policy-induced shifts in the timing
of algebra occur at different times in different districts
to different deciles of students. The expanded data make it
possible to examine heterogeneity across students in the
effect of taking algebra early. We find negative effects
among students in the bottom 60% of the prior achievement
distribution. In addition, we find other sources of
heterogeneity in effects.},
Key = {fds317803}
}
@article{fds304205,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {New destinations, new trajectories? The educational progress
of Hispanic youth in North Carolina.},
Journal = {Child development},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1608-1622},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966926},
Abstract = {Since 1990, Latin American immigrants to the United States
have dispersed beyond traditional gateway regions to a
number of "new destinations." Both theory and past empirical
evidence provide mixed guidance as to whether the children
of these immigrants are adversely affected by residing in a
nontraditional destination. This study uses administrative
public school data to study over 2,800 8- to 18-year-old
Hispanic youth in one new destination, North Carolina.
Conditional on third-grade socioeconomic indicators,
Hispanic youth who arrive by age 9 and remain enrolled in
North Carolina public schools close achievement gaps with
socioeconomically similar White students by sixth grade and
exhibit significantly lower high school dropout rates. Their
performance resembles that of first-generation youth in more
established immigration gateways.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01797.x},
Key = {fds304205}
}
@article{fds304204,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Education and Poverty: Confronting the Evidence},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {203-227},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6650 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Current U.S. policy initiatives to improve the U.S.
education system, including No Child Left Behind, test-based
evaluation of teachers, and the promotion of competition are
misguided because they either deny or set to the side a
basic body of evidence documenting that students from
disadvantaged households on average perform less well in
school than those from more advantaged families. Because
these policy initiatives do not directly address the
educational challenges experienced by disadvantaged
students, they have contributed little-and are not likely to
contribute much in the future-to raising overall student
achievement or to reducing achievement and educational
attainment gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged
students. Moreover, such policies have the potential to do
serious harm. Addressing the educational challenges faced by
children from disadvantaged families will require a broader
and bolder approach to education policy than the recent
efforts to reform schools. © 2012 by the Association for
Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21615},
Key = {fds304204}
}
@misc{fds204693,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Confessions of Wellesley FEM},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds204693}
}
@misc{fds266868,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Clotfelter, CT and Vigdor, J},
Title = {New Destinations, New Trajectories? The Educational Progress
of Hispanic Youth in North Carolina, Special Section on
Children from Immigrant Families},
Journal = {Child Development},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1608-1622},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966926},
Abstract = {Since 1990, Latin American immigrants to the United States
have dispersed beyond traditional gateway regions to a
number of "new destinations." Both theory and past empirical
evidence provide mixed guidance as to whether the children
of these immigrants are adversely affected by residing in a
nontraditional destination. This study uses administrative
public school data to study over 2,800 8- to 18-year-old
Hispanic youth in one new destination, North Carolina.
Conditional on third-grade socioeconomic indicators,
Hispanic youth who arrive by age 9 and remain enrolled in
North Carolina public schools close achievement gaps with
socioeconomically similar White students by sixth grade and
exhibit significantly lower high school dropout rates. Their
performance resembles that of first-generation youth in more
established immigration gateways.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01797.x},
Key = {fds266868}
}
@article{fds266874,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Education and Poverty: Confronting the Evidence,
Presidential address to the Association for Public Policy
Analysis and Management},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {203-227},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6650},
Abstract = {Current U.S. policy initiatives to improve the U.S.
education system, including No Child Left Behind, test-based
evaluation of teachers, and the promotion of competition are
misguided because they either deny or set to the side a
basic body of evidence documenting that students from
disadvantaged households on average perform less well in
school than those from more advantaged families. Because
these policy initiatives do not directly address the
educational challenges experienced by disadvantaged
students, they have contributed little-and are not likely to
contribute much in the future-to raising overall student
achievement or to reducing achievement and educational
attainment gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged
students. Moreover, such policies have the potential to do
serious harm. Addressing the educational challenges faced by
children from disadvantaged families will require a broader
and bolder approach to education policy than the recent
efforts to reform schools. © 2012 by the Association for
Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21615},
Key = {fds266874}
}
@misc{fds204421,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {Class Matters. Why Won't We Admit It?},
Series = {New York Times Opinion Pages},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds204421}
}
@article{fds266862,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Teachers' Perceptions of their Working Conditions: How
Predictive of Planned and Actual teacher
Movement?},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {33},
Series = {Summer Issue},
Number = {2},
Pages = {235-261},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0162-3737},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373711398128},
Abstract = {This quantitative study examines the relationship between
teachers' perceptions of their working conditions and their
intended and actual departures from schools. Based on rich
administrative data for North Carolina combined with a 2006
statewide survey administered to all teachers in the state,
the study documents that working conditions are highly
predictive of teachers' intended movement away from their
schools, independent of other school characteristics such as
the racial mix of students. Moreover, school leadership,
broadly defined, emerges as the most salient dimension of
working conditions. Although teachers' perceptions of their
working conditions are less predictive of one-year actual
departure rates than of intended rates, their predictive
power is still on a par with that of other school
characteristics. The models are estimated separately for
elementary, middle and high school teachers and generate
some policy-relevant differences among the three levels. ©
2011 AERA.},
Doi = {10.3102/0162373711398128},
Key = {fds266862}
}
@article{fds266863,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {Weighted student funding in the Netherlands: A model for the
U.S.?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {30},
Series = {Summer issue},
Number = {3},
Pages = {470-498},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20589},
Abstract = {Although a relatively new idea in the U.S., weighted student
funding (WSF) for individual schools has a long history in
the Netherlands. This country of about 16.5 million people
has been using a version of WSF for all its primary schools
(serving children from age 4 to 12) for 25 years. In this
article we describe and evaluate the Dutch system and
explore what insights there might be for the U.S., taking
into account the very different cultural and normative
contexts of the two countries. We find that, compared to
those with few weighted students, Dutch schools with high
proportions of weighted students have almost 60 percent more
teachers per pupil as well as more support staff per
teacher. Even these large resource advantages, however, are
not sufficient by themselves to eliminate all quality
shortfalls in the high-weight schools, where quality is
measured by school policies and practices. We conclude that
weighted student funding for schools within districts in the
U.S. is not likely to deliver the same highly progressive
funding patterns as in the Netherlands because of the
complex, multilayered U.S. education system and the absence
of a political consensus in favor of generous weights. ©
2011 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20589},
Key = {fds266863}
}
@article{fds266866,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher Mobility, school Segregation, and Pay-Based policies
to level the playing field},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {6},
Series = {Summer issue},
Number = {3},
Pages = {399-438},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/EDFP_a_00040},
Abstract = {Research has consistently shown that teacher quality is
distributed very unevenly among schools, to the clear
disadvantage of minority students and those from low-income
families. Using North Carolina data on the length of time
individual teachers remain in their schools, we examine the
potential for using salary differentials to overcome this
pattern. We conclude that salary differentials are a far
less effective tool for retaining teachers with strong
preservice qualifications than for retaining other teachers
in schools with high proportions of minority students.
Consequently large salary differences would be needed to
level the playing field when schools are segregated. This
conclusion reflects our finding that teachers with stronger
qualifications are both more responsive to the racial and
socioeconomic mix of a school's students and less responsive
to salary than are their less-qualified counterparts when
making decisions about remaining in their current school,
moving to another school or district, or leaving the
teaching profession. © 2011 Association for Education
Finance and Policy.},
Doi = {10.1162/EDFP_a_00040},
Key = {fds266866}
}
@misc{fds204422,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Press release on early childhood programs in North
Carolina},
Series = {(with follow up op eds. in several NC papers)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds204422}
}
@misc{fds204613,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Brookings volume},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds204613}
}
@misc{fds208787,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske and Nienke Ruijs},
Title = {Does Parental Choice Foster Segregated Schools: Insights
from the Netherlands},
Journal = {In M Berends, M. Cannata, and E.B. Goldring, eds. School
Choice and School Improvement.},
Pages = {233-254},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds208787}
}
@article{fds266860,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Comment by Helen F. Ladd},
Journal = {Brookings Papers on Economic Activity},
Number = {2},
Pages = {200-207},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0007-2303},
Key = {fds266860}
}
@article{fds266833,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Education Inspectorate Systems in New Zealand and the
Netherlands},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {378-392},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00005},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The United States is an outlier with respect to its
heavy emphasis on student test scores for the purposes of
school accountability. Many other countries instead use
school inspection systems that pay more attention to a
school's internal processes and practices. This policy note
focuses on the school inspection systems of New Zealand and
the Netherlands, with the goal of drawing lessons for the
United States. It addresses three main policy issues: For
what should individual schools be held accountable? Should
inspectors be more like coaches or more like judges? And how
independent should they be of policy-making bodies?
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp_a_00005},
Key = {fds266833}
}
@article{fds266875,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Lauen, DL},
Title = {Status versus growth: The distributional effects of school
accountability policies},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {426-450},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20504},
Abstract = {Although the federal No Child Left Behind program judges the
effectiveness of schools based on their students'
achievement status, many policy analysts argue that schools
should be measured, instead, by their students' achievement
growth. Using a 10-year student-level panel data set from
North Carolina, we examine how school-specific pressure
associated with status and growth approaches to school
accountability affect student achievement at different
points in the prior-year achievement distribution.
Achievement gains for students below the proficiency cut
point emerge in schools failing either type of
accountability standard, with the effects clearer for math
than for reading. In contrast to prior research highlighting
the possibility of educational triage, we find little or no
evidence that failing schools in North Carolina ignore the
students far below proficiency under either approach.
Importantly, we find that the status, but not the growth,
approach reduces the reading achievement of higher
performing students. Our analysis suggests that the
distributional effects of accountability pressure depend not
only on the type of pressure for which schools are held
accountable (status or growth), but also the tested subject.
© 2010 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20504},
Key = {fds266875}
}
@article{fds266835,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Money Myth: School Resources, Outcomes, and
Equity},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {162-166},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000277762000013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266835}
}
@article{fds266861,
Author = {Fiske, B and Ladd, HF},
Title = {The dutch experience with weighted student
funding},
Journal = {Phi Delta Kappan},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-53},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0031-7217},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200108},
Doi = {10.1177/003172171009200108},
Key = {fds266861}
}
@article{fds266869,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher credentials and student achievement in high school:
A cross-subject analysis with student fixed
effects},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {655-681},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.45.3.655},
Abstract = {We use data on statewide end-of-course tests in North
Carolina to examine the relationship between teacher
credentials and student achievement at the high school
level. We find compelling evidence that teacher credentials,
particularly licensure and certification, affects student
achievement in systematic ways and that the magnitudes are
large enough to be policy relevant. Our findings imply that
the uneven distribution of teacher credentials by race and
socioeconomic status of high school students-a pattern we
also document-contributes to achievement gaps in high
school. In addition, some troubling findings emerge related
to the gender and race of the teachers. © 2010 by the Board
of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.45.3.655},
Key = {fds266869}
}
@article{fds177791,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Review of Norton Grubb, The Money Myth: School Resources,
Outcomes and Equity},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds177791}
}
@misc{fds177794,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske and Nienke Ruijs},
Title = {Migrant Education in the Netherlands: Segregation and the
Role of Weighted Student Funding},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds177794}
}
@misc{fds177795,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Sara Pilzer},
Title = {Using Survey Data to Measure the Quality of School
Principals},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds177795}
}
@article{fds171045,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles T. Clotfelter and Jacob Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Credentials and Student Achievement in High School:
A Cross Subject Analysis with Fixed Effects},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/45/3/655.full.pdf+html},
Key = {fds171045}
}
@article{fds266879,
Author = {Ladd Edward and HF and Fiske, B},
Title = {The Dutch Experience with Weighted Student Funding: Some
Lessons for the U.S.},
Journal = {Phi Delta Kappan},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266879}
}
@article{fds266880,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Education Inspectorate Systems in New Zealand and the
Netherlends: ( Policy Brief )},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds266880}
}
@misc{fds171046,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske and Nienke Ruijs},
Title = {Insights from the Netherlands: Growing Concerns about
Segregation},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds171046}
}
@article{fds266883,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {The academic achievement gap in grades 3 to
8},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {398-419},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest.91.2.398},
Abstract = {Using data for North Carolina public school students in
grades 3 to 8, we examine achievement gaps between white
students and students from other racial and ethnic groups.
We focus on cohorts of students who stay in the state's
public schools for all six years. While the black-white gaps
are sizable and robust, both Hispanic and Asian students
tend to gain on whites as they progress in school. Beyond
simple mean differences, we find that the racial gaps in
math between low-performing students have tended to shrink
as students progress through school, while those for
high-performing students have generally widened. © 2009 by
the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.91.2.398},
Key = {fds266883}
}
@article{fds266843,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the United
States?},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-149},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2009.4.2.115},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Using detailed data from North Carolina, we examine
the frequency, incidence, and consequences of teacher
absences in public schools as well as the impact of a policy
designed to reduce absences. The incidence of teacher
absences is regressive: when schools are ranked by the
fraction of students receiving free or reduced price
lunches, teachers in the lowest income quartile average
almost one extra sick day per school year than teachers in
the highest income quartile, and schools with persistently
high rates of teacher absence were much more likely to serve
low-income than high-income students. In regression models
incorporating teacher fixed effects, absences are associated
with lower student achievement in elementary grades.
Finally, we present evidence that the demand for
discretionary absences is price elastic. Our estimates
suggest that a policy intervention that simultaneously
raises teacher base salaries and broadens financial
penalties for absences could both raise teachers' expected
incomes and lower districts' expected costs.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp.2009.4.2.115},
Key = {fds266843}
}
@article{fds266882,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF and Ross, SL},
Title = {The effects of public school choice on those left behind:
Evidence from Durham, North Carolina},
Journal = {Peabody Journal of Education},
Volume = {84},
Number = {2},
Pages = {130-149},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0161-956X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01619560902810104},
Abstract = {Using student-level data from Durham, North Carolina, we
examine the potential impact of school choice programs on
the peer environments of students who remain in their
geographically assigned schools. We examine whether the
likelihood of opting out of one's geographically assigned
school differs across groups and compare the actual peer
composition in neighborhood schools to what the peer
composition in those schools would be under a counterfactual
scenario in which all students attend their geographically
assigned schools. We find that many advantaged students have
used school choice programs in Durham to opt out of assigned
schools with concentrations of disadvantaged students and to
attend schools with higher achieving students. Comparisons
of actual peer compositions with the counterfactual scenario
indicate only small differences in peer composition for
nonchoosers on average. More substantial differences in peer
environment emerge, however, for students in schools with
concentrations of disadvantaged students and schools located
near choice schools attractive to high achievers. The
results suggest that expansions of parental choice may have
significant adverse effects on the peer environments of a
particularly vulnerable group of students.},
Doi = {10.1080/01619560902810104},
Key = {fds266882}
}
@article{fds266881,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF and Ross, SL},
Title = {Public school choice and integration evidence from Durham,
North Carolina.},
Journal = {Social science research},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-85},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0049-089X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.10.001},
Abstract = {Using evidence from Durham, North Carolina, we examine the
impact of school choice programs on racial and class-based
segregation across schools. Reasonable assumptions about the
distribution of preferences over race, class, and school
characteristics suggest that the segregating choices of
students from advantaged backgrounds are likely to outweigh
any integrating choices by disadvantaged students. The
results of our empirical analysis are consistent with these
theoretical considerations. Using information on the actual
schools students attend and on the schools in their assigned
attendance zones, we find that schools in Durham are more
segregated by race and class as a result of school choice
programs than they would be if all students attended their
geographically assigned schools. In addition, we find that
the effects of choice on segregation by class are larger
than the effects on segregation by race.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.10.001},
Key = {fds266881}
}
@misc{fds331039,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Classroom-level segregation and resegregation in North
Carolina},
Pages = {70-86},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780807829530},
Key = {fds331039}
}
@misc{fds369385,
Author = {Figlio, DN and Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Economics of School Accountability},
Pages = {374-379},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Education, Third
Edition},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780080448947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01262-8},
Abstract = {This article details the rationales behind school
accountability systems and discusses the mechanisms through
which these systems could improve student achievement in the
impacted schools. Although school accountability systems
provide incentives for increased test performance, they can
also have unintended consequences, and the design of such
accountability systems can play an important role in
determining their success. We summarize the current evidence
on the performance and unintended consequences of school
accountability systems in the United States, though the
issues are fundamentally similar elsewhere in the
world.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01262-8},
Key = {fds369385}
}
@article{fds171042,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles T. Clotfelter and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the
U.S.?},
Journal = {Journal of Education Finance},
Volume = {4},
Number = {29},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds171042}
}
@article{fds266844,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {School policies and the test score gap},
Pages = {289-319},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {On average, black students in the United States achieve at
lower levels than white students do. Recent evidence from
the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)
indicates, for example, that in 2004 the gap between
thirteen-year-old black and white students was about 0.6
standard deviation in reading and about 0.8 in math. To be
sure, such gaps were far larger in the 1970s, when they
exceeded a full standard deviation in both subjects. The
gaps fell dramatically during the 1970s and 1980s, increased
during the early 1990s, and then fell again between 1999 and
2004. These ups and downs notwithstanding, the persistence
of these gaps is cause for significant policy concern for
reasons discussed elsewhere in this book and in Christopher
Jencks and Meredith Phillips (1998). This volume has drawn
attention to school-related trends such as in the racial
segregation of the schools and the widening disparities in
teacher qualifications between black and white students,
especially at the elementary level, that may have stalled
the convergence of the black and white test scores in the
1990s (see Vigdor and Ludwig, chapter 5, and Corcoran and
Evans, chapter 6, this volume). This chapter picks up from
that analysis and asks what educational policies might be
pursued moving forward to help reduce the black-white test
score gap, or at least to offset some of the other trends
that may tend to widen it, such as rising income and social
inequality. Of particular interest for this review are
school policies and strategies that have been proposed or
justified-at least in part-on the basis of their potential
for reducing black-white test score gaps. As will become
apparent, not all the proposed strategies are likely to be
effective in that regard and their net effect on the size of
the gap is likely to be relatively small. This discussion is
divided into five sets of policy strategies. The first two
focus on teachers, but from quite different perspectives.
One set relates to the assignment of students to schools,
with attention to how racial segregation of students affects
the quality of teachers for black students relative to white
students. The other focuses on more direct interventions
designed to improve the quality of the teachers of black
students. The third set includes the nonteacher strategies
of reducing class size and implementing whole school reform.
The fourth and fifth sets emerge from a more systemic view
of the educational challenge and are designed to change the
incentives throughout the education system. Included here
are both top-down accountability strategies designed to hold
schools accountable for the performance of their students
and bottom up strategies such as increased parental choice
and competition designed either to improve schooling options
for certain groups of students or to make use of market type
pressures to improve educational outcomes. The main thrust
of this chapter is that though none of the strategies
discussed here is likely to be powerful enough to offset the
powerful nonschool social forces that contribute to the
racial achievement gap, school related strategies are a
necessary component of any overall effort to reduce such
gaps. Moreover, the failure of education policy makers to be
vigilant about the aspects of the problem over which they do
have some control could well lead to even greater gaps in
the future or to lost opportunities to reduce them.
Copyright © 2008 by Russell Sage Foundation.},
Key = {fds266844}
}
@article{fds266884,
Author = {Cordes, J and Conger, D and Ladd, H and Luger, M},
Title = {Undergraduate and doctoral education in public policy: What?
Why? Why not? Whereto?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1009-1026},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20370},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20370},
Key = {fds266884}
}
@article{fds266859,
Author = {Atkinson, AB and Cnossen, S and Ladd, HF and Mieszkowski, P and Pestieau, P and Samuelson, PA},
Title = {Commemorating Richard Musgrave (1910-2007)},
Journal = {FinanzArchiv},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-170},
Publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0015-2218},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/001522108X334821},
Doi = {10.1628/001522108X334821},
Key = {fds266859}
}
@article{fds266886,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Glennie, E and Ladd, H and Vigdor,
J},
Title = {Would higher salaries keep teachers in high-poverty schools?
Evidence from a policy intervention in North
Carolina},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {1352-1370},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.07.003},
Abstract = {For a three-year time period beginning in 2001, North
Carolina awarded an annual bonus of $1800 to certified math,
science and special education teachers working in public
secondary schools with either high-poverty rates or low test
scores. Using longitudinal data on teachers, we estimate
hazard models that identify the impact of this differential
pay by comparing turnover patterns before and after the
program's implementation, across eligible and ineligible
categories of teachers, and across eligible and
barely-ineligible schools. Results suggest that this bonus
payment was sufficient to reduce mean turnover rates of the
targeted teachers by 17%. Experienced teachers exhibited the
strongest response to the program. Finally, the effect of
the program may have been at least partly undermined by the
state's failure to fully educate teachers regarding the
eligibility criteria. Our estimates most likely underpredict
the potential outcome of a program of permanent salary
differentials operating under complete information. © 2007
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.07.003},
Key = {fds266886}
}
@article{fds266832,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {Handbook of Research in Education Finance and
Policy},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-150},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2008.3.1.149},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp.2008.3.1.149},
Key = {fds266832}
}
@article{fds266888,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Glennie, EJ and Ladd, HF and Vigdor,
JL},
Title = {Teacher Bonuses and Teacher Retention in Low-Performing
Schools},
Journal = {Public Finance Review},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-87},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1091-1421},
url = {http://pfr.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/36/1/63},
Abstract = {Between 2001 and 2004, the state of North Carolina gave an
annual salary bonus of $1,800 to certified math, science,
and special education teachers in a set of low-performing
and/or high-poverty secondary schools. Eligible teachers
were to continue receiving the bonus as long as they
continued in the school. In a survey of teachers and
principals, the authors find evidence that school personnel
favor the use of monetary incentives to increase the
attractiveness of their workplace but were skeptical that
the amount of the bonus would be sufficient to reduce the
high turnover rates in their schools. Preliminary evidence
on turnover rates supports this skepticism. Given that the
survey evidence reveals widespread misunderstanding of the
retention incentives incorporated into the program, the
authors conclude that the bonus program was hampered by a
series of flaws in design and implementation.},
Doi = {10.1177/1091142106291662},
Key = {fds266888}
}
@misc{fds143128,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and E.B. Fiske},
Title = {Education Equity in an International Context},
Pages = {276-292},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research on Education Finance and
Policy},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143128}
}
@misc{fds208789,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Teacher Effects: What Do We Know?},
Journal = {Web based publication},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds208789}
}
@misc{fds159052,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {School Policies and the Black-White Test Score
Gap},
Pages = {289-319},
Booktitle = {Katherine Magnuson and Jane Waldfogel, eds. Steady Gains and
Stalled Progress: Inequality and the Black-White Test Score
Gap.},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds159052}
}
@misc{fds155679,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Public and Private School Competition and U.S. Fiscal
Federalism.},
Booktitle = {G.K. Ingram and Y Hong, eds. Fiscal Decentralization and
Land Use Policies. Lincoln Institute of Land
Policy.},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds155679}
}
@misc{fds155680,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Rethinking the Way We Hold Schools Accountable},
Journal = {Opinion piece, Education Week. (Also reprinted in the Durham
Herald Sun.)},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds155680}
}
@misc{fds155681,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Opinion pice on education policy and the presidential
election},
Journal = {Durham Herald Sun},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds155681}
}
@misc{fds143130,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {"Introduction"},
Journal = {Handbook of Research in Education Finance and
Policy},
Pages = {xvii - xxii},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {H. F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143130}
}
@misc{fds143131,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and David Figlio},
Title = {School Accountability and Student Achievement},
Pages = {166-182},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research in Education Finance and
Policy},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {H. F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143131}
}
@misc{fds142788,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles T. Clotfelter, and Jacob L.
Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Quality and Public Policy},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds142788}
}
@misc{fds142790,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Commentary on paper by Thomas Nechyba},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds142790}
}
@article{fds266876,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {School Segregation Under Color-blind Jurisprudence: The Case
of North Carolina},
Journal = {Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the
Law},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds266876}
}
@article{fds266885,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Reflections on Equity, Adequacy, and Weighted Student
Funding},
Journal = {Journal of Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {402-423},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2008.3.4.402},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Within the context of the school finance
literature, the concepts of equity and adequacy raise a
number of complex definitional and pragmatic issues. The
purpose of this article is to clarify those issues and to
use those concepts to evaluate the recent policy proposal
called weighted student funding (WSF). Though WSF contains
some equity-enhancing elements, it could fall short of its
equity goals because of imperfect weights. This approach
also fails to take full account of the concentrations of
challenging-to-educate students and their effects on the
distribution of teachers. In addition, the WSF proposal can
be faulted for paying no attention to adequacy, potentially
stigmatizing individual students, and placing so much focus
on individual schools. A more complete evaluation of WSF
would require a broader institutional perspective that
extends beyond the equity and adequacy considerations of
this article. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp.2008.3.4.402},
Key = {fds266885}
}
@article{fds266877,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Teacher credentials and student achievement: Longitudinal
analysis with student fixed effects},
Pages = {673-682},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0272-7757},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.10.002},
Abstract = {We use a rich administrative dataset from North Carolina to
explore questions related to the relationship between
teacher characteristics and credentials on the one hand and
student achievement on the other. Though the basic questions
underlying this research are not new-and, indeed, have been
explored in many papers over the years within the rubric of
the "education production function"-the availability of data
on all teachers and students in North Carolina over a
10-year period allows us to explore them in more detail than
has been possible in previous studies. We conclude that a
teacher's experience, test scores and regular licensure all
have positive effects on student achievement, with larger
effects for math than for reading. Taken together the
various teacher credentials exhibit quite large effects on
math achievement, whether compared to the effects of changes
in class size or to the socio-economic characteristics of
students.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.10.002},
Key = {fds266877}
}
@article{fds266887,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {School choice, racial segregation, and test-score gaps:
Evidence from North Carolina's charter school
program},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-56},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20226},
Abstract = {Using panel data that track individual students from year to
year, we examine the effects of charter schools in North
Carolina on racial segregation and black-white test score
gaps. We find that North Carolina's system of charter
schools has increased the racial isolation of both black and
white students, and has widened the achievement gap.
Moreover, the relatively large negative effects of charter
schools on the achievement of black students is driven by
students who transfer into charter schools that are more
racially isolated than the schools they have left. Our
analysis of charter school choices suggests that asymmetric
preferences of black and white charter school students (and
their families) for schools of different racial compositions
help to explain why there are so few racially balanced
charter schools. © 2006 by the Association for Public
Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20226},
Key = {fds266887}
}
@article{fds340391,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the
U.S.?},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Using detailed data from North Carolina, we examine the
frequency, incidence, and consequences of teacher absences
in public schools, as well as the impact of an absence
disincentive policy. The incidence of teacher absences is
regressive: schools in the poorest quartile averaged almost
one extra sick day per teacher than schools in the highest
income quartile, and schools with persistently high rates of
teacher absence were much more likely to serve low-income
than high-income students. In regression models
incorporating teacher fixed effects, absences are associated
with lower student achievement in elementary grades.
Finally, we present evidence that the demand for
discretionary absences is price-elastic. Our estimates
suggest that a policy intervention that simultaneously
raised teacher base salaries and broadened financial
penalties for absences could both raise teachers' expected
income and lower districts' expected costs.},
Key = {fds340391}
}
@article{fds266892,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL and Wheeler,
J},
Title = {High Poverty Schools and the Distribution of Teachers and
Principals},
Journal = {North Carolina Law Review},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1345-1380},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.pubpol.duke.edu/research/papers/SAN06-08.pdf},
Key = {fds266892}
}
@article{fds142787,
Author = {H.F. Ladd, and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {"Teacher Credentials and Student Achievement in High School:
A Cross Subject Analysis with Student Fixed
Effects."},
Series = {Working Paper 142787},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds142787}
}
@article{fds266890,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Teacher labor markets in developed countries.},
Journal = {The Future of children},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {201-217},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1054-8289},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/foc.2007.0006},
Abstract = {Helen Ladd takes a comparative look at policies that the
world's industrialized countries are using to assure a
supply of high-quality teachers. Her survey puts U.S.
educational policies and practices into international
perspective. Ladd begins by examining teacher salaries-an
obvious, but costly, policy tool. She finds, perhaps
surprisingly, that students in countries with high teacher
salaries do not in general perform better on international
tests than those in countries with lower salaries. Ladd does
find, however, that the share of underqualified teachers in
a country is closely related to salary. In high-salary
countries like Germany, Japan, and Korea, for example, only
4 percent of teachers are underqualified, as against more
than 10 percent in the United States, where teacher
salaries, Ladd notes, are low relative to those in other
industrialized countries. Teacher shortages also appear to
stem from policies that make salaries uniform across
academic subject areas and across geographic regions.
Shortages are especially common in math and science, in
large cities, and in rural areas. Among the policy
strategies proposed to deal with such shortages is to pay
teachers different salaries according to their subject area.
Many countries are also experimenting with financial
incentive packages, including bonuses and loans, for
teachers in specific subjects or geographic areas. Ladd
notes that many developed countries are trying to attract
teachers by providing alternative routes into teaching,
often through special programs in traditional teacher
training institutions and through adult education or
distance learning programs. To reduce attrition among new
teachers, many developed countries have also been using
formal induction or mentoring programs as a way to improve
new teachers' chances of success. Ladd highlights the need
to look beyond a single policy, such as higher salaries, in
favor of broad packages that address teacher preparation and
certification, working conditions, the challenges facing new
teachers, and the distribution of teachers across geographic
areas.},
Doi = {10.1353/foc.2007.0006},
Key = {fds266890}
}
@misc{fds142789,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Policy as Resource Allocation: Commentary},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds142789}
}
@misc{fds208788,
Author = {Robert Bifulco and Helen F. Ladd and M. Berends and M Springer and H. Walberg},
Title = {"Charter Schools in North Carolina" In Charter School
Outcomes},
Journal = {New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
Pages = {195-220},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds208788}
}
@article{fds266870,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Figlio, D},
Title = {The Economics of School Accountability},
Journal = {International Encyclopedia of Education},
Pages = {374-379},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01262-8},
Abstract = {This article details the rationales behind school
accountability systems and discusses the mechanisms through
which these systems could improve student achievement in the
impacted schools. Although school accountability systems
provide incentives for increased test performance, they can
also have unintended consequences, and the design of such
accountability systems can play an important role in
determining their success. We summarize the current evidence
on the performance and unintended consequences of school
accountability systems in the United States, though the
issues are fundamentally similar elsewhere in the world. ©
2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01262-8},
Key = {fds266870}
}
@article{fds266842,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor, J},
Title = {How and Why Do Teacher Credentials Matter for Student
Achievement?},
Series = {Working Paper 142786},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w12828},
Abstract = {Education researchers and policy makers agree that teachers
differ in terms of quality and that quality matters for
student achievement. Despite prodigious amounts of research,
however, debate still persists about the causal relationship
between specific teacher credentials and student
achievement. In this paper, we use a rich administrative
data set from North Carolina to explore a range of questions
related to the relationship between teacher characteristics
and credentials on the one hand and student achievement on
the other. Though the basic questions underlying this
research are not new - and, indeed, have been explored in
many papers over the years within the rubric of the
"education production function" - the availability of data
on all teachers and students in North Carolina over a
ten-year period allows us to explore them in more detail and
with far more confidence than has been possible in previous
studies. We conclude that a teacher's experience, test
scores and regular licensure all have positive effects on
student achievement, with larger effects for math than for
reading. Taken together the various teacher credentials
exhibit quite large effects on math achievement, whether
compared to the effects of changes in class size or to the
socio-economics characteristics of students, as measured,
for example, by the education level of their
parents.},
Key = {fds266842}
}
@article{fds52049,
Author = {H.F. Ladd, and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher-Student Matching and the Assessment of Teacher
Effectiveness},
Series = {Working Paper 11936},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w11936},
Key = {fds52049}
}
@article{fds266898,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Institutional change and coproduction of public services:
The effect of charter schools on parental
involvement},
Journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and
Theory},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {553-576},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1053-1858},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6651 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Recent discussions of school choice have revived arguments
that the decentralization of governing institutions can
enhance the quality of public services by increasing the
participation of intended beneficiaries in the production of
those services. We use data from the Schools and Staffing
Survey to examine the extent to which the decentralization
of authority to charter schools induces parents to become
more involved in their children's schools. We find that
parents are indeed more involved in charter schools than in
observationally similar public schools, especially in urban
elementary and middle schools. Although we find that this
difference is partly attributable to measurable
institutional and organizational factors, we also find that
charter schools tend to be established in areas with
above-average proportions of involved parents, and we find
suggestive evidence that, within those areas, it is the more
involved parents who tend to select into charter schools.
Thus, while the institutional characteristics of charter
schools do appear to induce parents to become more involved
in their children's schools, such characteristics are only
part of the explanation for the greater parental involvement
in charter schools than in traditional public schools. ©
The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jopart/muj001},
Key = {fds266898}
}
@article{fds52050,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Federal Oversight, Local Control, and the Specter of
'Resegregation' in Southern Schools},
Series = {Working Paper 11086},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www,nber.org/papers/w11086},
Key = {fds52050}
}
@article{fds142944,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Elizabeth Glennie and Jacob Vigdor},
Title = {Would Higher Salaries Keep Teachers in High-Poverty Schools?
Evidence from a Policy Intervention in North
Carolina},
Series = {Working Paper 12285},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/w12285},
Key = {fds142944}
}
@misc{fds266852,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, Helen and Vigdor, Jacob},
Title = {Surprising Success Among Hispanic students},
Publisher = {Duke Today},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7526 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266852}
}
@article{fds266858,
Author = {Fiske, E and Ladd, H},
Title = {Racial equity in education: How far has South Africa
come?},
Journal = {Perspectives in Education},
Volume = {24},
Series = {Special Issue on Education Finance},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-108},
Editor = {Jonathan Jansen},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0258-2236},
Abstract = {A major task of South Africa's new government in 1994 was to
design a more racially equitable education system. This
article evaluates progress towards this goal using three
concepts of equity: equal treatment by race, equal
educational opportunity, and educational adequacy. The
authors find that the country moved quickly towards a
race-blind system, including race-blind policies for
allocating state funds to schools. Progress measured by the
other two criteria, however, has been constrained by the
legacy of apartheid, including poor facilities and lack of
human capacity in schools serving black students, and by
policies concerning school fees. The article concludes with
some thoughts on the future outlook.},
Key = {fds266858}
}
@article{fds142874,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {The Academic Achievement Gap in Grades 3 to
8},
Series = {Working Paper 12207},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
url = {http://papers.nber.org/papers/w12207},
Key = {fds142874}
}
@article{fds266828,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Impacts of Charter Schools on Student Achievement:
Evidence from North Carolina},
Journal = {Education Finance and Policy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-90},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1557-3060},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2006.1.1.50},
Abstract = {<jats:p> Using an individual panel data set to control for
student fixed effects, we estimate the impact of charter
schools on students in charter schools and in nearby
traditional public schools. We find that students make
considerably smaller achievement gains in charter schools
than they would have in public schools. The large negative
estimates of the effects of attending a charter school are
neither substantially biased, nor substantially offset, by
positive impacts of charter schools on traditional public
schools. Finally, we find suggestive evidence that about 30
percent of the negative effect of charter schools is
attributable to high rates of student turnover.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1162/edfp.2006.1.1.50},
Key = {fds266828}
}
@misc{fds52044,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and David Figlio},
Title = {Effects of Accountability on Student Achievement},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds52044}
}
@misc{fds143132,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Robert Bifulco},
Title = {Charter Schools in North Carolina},
Journal = {National Center on School Choice},
Volume = {Conference},
Publisher = {Vanderbuilt University},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds143132}
}
@misc{fds46491,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Francisco L. Rivera-Batiz},
Title = {Education and Economic Development},
Pages = {189-238},
Booktitle = {The Economy of Puerto Rico: Restoring Growth},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Susan Collins and Barry Bosworth and Miguel
Soto-Class},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds46491}
}
@article{fds266865,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor., J},
Title = {Federal Oversight, Local Control, and the Specter of
'Resegregation' in Southern},
Journal = {American Law & Economics Review},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-43},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {1465-7252},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6930 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Analyzing data for the 100 largest districts in the South
and Border states, we ask whether there is evidence of
"resegregation" of school districts and whether levels of
segregation can be linked to judicial decisions. We
distinguish segregation measures based on racial isolation
from those based on racial imbalance. Only one measure of
racial isolation suggests that districts in these regions
experienced resegregation between 1994 and 2004, and changes
in this measure appear to be driven largely by the rising
nonwhite percentage in the student population rather than by
district policies. Although we find no time trend in racial
imbalance over this period, we find that variations in
racial imbalance across districts are nonetheless associated
with judicial declarations of unitary status, suggesting
that segregation in schools might have declined had it not
been for the actions of federal courts. © 2006 Oxford
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahl002},
Key = {fds266865}
}
@article{fds266878,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor., J},
Title = {Teacher-Student Matching and the Assessment of Teacher
Effectiveness},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {778-820},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w11936},
Abstract = {Administrative data on fifth grade students in North
Carolina shows that more highly qualified teachers tend to
be matched with more advantaged students, both across
schools and in many cases within them. This matching biases
estimates of the relationship between teacher
characteristics and achievement; we isolate this bias in
part by focusing on schools where students are distributed
relatively evenly across classrooms. Teacher experience is
consistently associated with achievement; teacher licensure
test scores associate with math achievement. These returns
display a form of heterogeneity across students that may
help explain why the observed form of teacher-student
matching persists in equilibrium. © 2006 by the Board of
Regents of the University of Wisconsin System.},
Key = {fds266878}
}
@article{fds266894,
Author = {Bifulco, HFLWR},
Title = {Results [about charter schools] from the Tar Heel
State},
Journal = {Education Next},
Pages = {60-66},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds266894}
}
@article{fds266857,
Author = {Bifulco, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Results from the tar heel state},
Journal = {Education Next},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {60-66},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1539-9672},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6990 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds266857}
}
@article{fds343234,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Federal Oversight, Local Control, and the Specter of
"Resegregation" in Southern Schools},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343234}
}
@misc{fds46639,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {Learning from South Africa},
Journal = {Commentary in Ed Week},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds46639}
}
@misc{fds46640,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {Two op-eds published in South African newspapers related to
our book on South Africa},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds46640}
}
@misc{fds52819,
Author = {H.F. Ladd, and C.T. Clotfelter, and J. Vigdor},
Title = {Classroom-Level Segregation and Resegregation in North
Carolina},
Booktitle = {School Resegregation: Must the South Turn
Back?},
Publisher = {Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press},
Editor = {John Charles Boger and Gary Orfield},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds52819}
}
@article{fds266841,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Public sector management in New Zealand: Lessons and
challenges},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {193-196},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20080},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20080},
Key = {fds266841}
}
@article{fds266889,
Author = {Clotfelter, C and Ladd, H and Vigdor, J},
Title = {Who Teaches Whom? Race and the Distribution of Novice
Teachers},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {377-392},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6VB9-4FNP2N4-1-K&_cdi=5921&_user=38557&_orig=browse&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F2005&_sk=999759995&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkWz&_valck=1&md5=59875a0413682cdf8d72808d247a2bd4&ie=/sdarticle.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper focuses on one potentially important contributor
to the achievement gap between black and white students,
differences in their exposure to novice teachers. We present
a model that explores the pressures that may lead school
administrators to distribute novice teachers unequally
across or within schools. Using a rich micro-level data set
provided by the North Carolina Department of Public
Instruction, we find that novice teachers are distributed
among schools and among classrooms within schools in a way
that disadvantages black students. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econedurev.2004.06.008},
Key = {fds266889}
}
@article{fds266847,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Comment: The partially subsidized muse: Estimating the value
and incidence of public support received by nonprofit arts
organizations},
Journal = {City Taxes, City Spending: Essays in Honor of Dick
Netzer},
Pages = {241-243},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845421632.00015},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845421632.00015},
Key = {fds266847}
}
@misc{fds46622,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Quality and Minority Achievement
Gaps},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.pubpol.duke.edu/research/papers/SAN04-04},
Key = {fds46622}
}
@misc{fds46641,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Robert Bifulco},
Title = {Two op-eds on charter schools},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds46641}
}
@article{fds266873,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL and Diaz,
RA},
Title = {Do School Accountability Systems Make It More Difficult for
Low-Performing Schools to Attract and Retain High-Quality
Teachers?},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {251-271},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20003},
Abstract = {Administrative data from North Carolina are used to explore
the extent to which that state's relatively sophisticated
school-based accountability system has exacerbated the
challenges that schools serving low-performing students face
in retaining and attracting high-quality teachers. Most
clear are the adverse effects on retention rates, and hence
on teacher turnover, in such schools. Less clear is the
extent to which that higher turnover has translated into a
decline in the average qualifications of the teachers in the
low-performing schools. Other states with more primitive
accountability systems can expect even greater adverse
effects on teacher turnover in low-performing schools. ©
2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20003},
Key = {fds266873}
}
@book{fds159054,
Author = {Edward B. Fiske and Helen F. Ladd},
Title = {Elusive Equity: Education Reform in Post Apartheid South
Africa.},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds159054}
}
@misc{fds46642,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter and Jacob
Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher Quality and Minority Achievement
Gaps},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds46642}
}
@misc{fds52898,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {"Balancing Public and Private Resources for Basic Education:
School Fees in Post-Apartheid South Africa"},
Booktitle = {Changing Class: Education and Social Change in
Post-Apartheid South Africa},
Publisher = {Cape Town: HSRC Press},
Editor = {Linda Chisholm.},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds52898}
}
@misc{fds52821,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Policy Brief on Accountability in North Carolina},
Journal = {Education Finance and Organization Structure in New York
Schools, Symposium Proceedings},
Pages = {161-176},
Publisher = {Education Finance Research Consortium},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds52821}
}
@misc{fds52820,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on paper by Joseph Cordes},
Booktitle = {City Taxes, City Spending: Essays in Honor of Dick
Netzer},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Press},
Editor = {Amy Ellen Schwartz},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds52820}
}
@book{fds266825,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Elusive Equity: Education reform in post-Apartheid New
Zealand},
Pages = {269 pages},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2004},
ISBN = {9780815728405},
Abstract = {"Elusive Equity" chronicles South Africas efforts
to fashion a racially equitable state education system from
the ashes of apartheid.},
Key = {fds266825}
}
@misc{fds52822,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on paper of school vouchers by Caroline
Hoxby},
Journal = {Swedish Economic Review},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds52822}
}
@article{fds266891,
Author = {Clotfelter, CT and Ladd, HF and Vigdor, JL},
Title = {Segregation and Resegregation in North Carolina's Public
School Classrooms},
Journal = {North Carolina Law Review},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1463-1511},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266891}
}
@article{fds266895,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {Does competition improve teaching and learning? Evidence
from New Zealand},
Journal = {Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {97-112},
Publisher = {American Educational Research Association
(AERA)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737025001095},
Abstract = {Central to the argument for more competition in education is
that it will induce schools to provide higher quality
education at no greater cost. This article sheds new light
on this issue by measuring how competition among New
Zealand's schools affected student learning as perceived by
teachers and principals. The analysis builds on the fact
that New Zealand's introduction of full parental choice in
1992 increased competitive pressures more for some schools
than for others. With careful attention to various potential
threats to validity, we conclude that competition - as
perceived by teachers generated negative effects on the
quality of student learning and other aspects of schooling
in New Zealand's elementary schools.},
Doi = {10.3102/01623737025001095},
Key = {fds266895}
}
@misc{fds46505,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {School Choice in New Zealand: A Cautionary
Tale},
Booktitle = {Choosing Choice: Global Trends and National
Variations},
Publisher = {Teacher's College Press},
Editor = {David Plank and Gary Sykes},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds46505}
}
@misc{fds46500,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Jens Ludwig},
Title = {The Effects of MTO on Educational Opportunities in
Baltimore" chapter 5},
Pages = {117-152},
Booktitle = {Choosing a Better Life: Evaluating the Moving to Opportunity
Social Experiment},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {John Goering and Judith D. Feins},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds46500}
}
@misc{fds14421,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Jens Ludwig and Greg Duncan},
Title = {The Effects of MTO on Children and Parents in Baltimore"
chapter 6},
Pages = {153-176},
Booktitle = {Choosing a Better Life: Evaluating the Moving to Opportunity
Social Experiment},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {John Goering and Judith D. Feins},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds14421}
}
@misc{fds46506,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Introduction},
Booktitle = {Choosing Choice: Global Trends and National
Variations},
Publisher = {Teacher's College Press},
Editor = {David Plank and Gary Sykes},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds46506}
}
@misc{fds17729,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Policy memo on School Vouchers - Child and Family Policy
Center},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds17729}
}
@article{fds46504,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {School Vouchers: A Critical View},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {3-24},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds46504}
}
@article{fds266899,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Zelli, A},
Title = {School-based accountability in North Carolina: The responses
of school principals},
Journal = {Educational Administration Quarterly},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {494-529},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001316102237670},
Abstract = {Surprisingly little is known about the impact of
school-based accountability systems, which are one component
of the larger standards-based reform effort in education.
Using two waves of survey data from a random sample of
school principals in North Carolina, the authors investigate
the reported behavioral responses of principals to that
state's highly touted accountability system. Their analysis
indicates that the state's ABCs program is a powerful tool
for changing the behavior of school principals in both
intended and unintended ways. Because of its power, the
authors conclude that policy makers should use such a tool
cautiously.},
Doi = {10.1177/001316102237670},
Key = {fds266899}
}
@article{fds266939,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {School vouchers: A critical view},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {3-24},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7025 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/089533002320950957},
Key = {fds266939}
}
@book{fds12881,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Market-Based Reforms in Education},
Publisher = {Economic Policy Institute: Washington, D.C.},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds12881}
}
@article{fds266897,
Author = {Walsh, HFLWR},
Title = {Implementing Value-Added Measures of School Effectiveness:
Getting the Incentives Right},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-17},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7757(00)00039-x},
Doi = {10.1016/s0272-7757(00)00039-x},
Key = {fds266897}
}
@article{fds266871,
Author = {Johnson, HFLWM and Ludwig, J},
Title = {The Benefits and Costs of Residenital Mobility Programs for
the Poor},
Journal = {Housing Studies},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-138},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673030120105947},
Doi = {10.1080/02673030120105947},
Key = {fds266871}
}
@misc{fds46645,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Report on Tax and Fiscal Aspects of Territorial Development
in the Helsinki Region},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds46645}
}
@book{fds266826,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {When Schools Compete},
Pages = {342 pages},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780815798491},
Abstract = {Documenting ten years of reform efforts in New Zealand, this
is the first book to provide detailed quantitative and
qualitative analysis of the effects of school reform
programs on an entire school system.},
Key = {fds266826}
}
@book{fds266827,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {When Schools Compete},
Pages = {342 pages},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780815798491},
Abstract = {Documenting ten years of reform efforts in New Zealand, this
is the first book to provide detailed quantitative and
qualitative analysis of the effects of school reform
programs on an entire school system.},
Key = {fds266827}
}
@book{fds266839,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {When Schools Compete},
Pages = {342 pages},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780815798491},
Abstract = {Documenting ten years of reform efforts in New Zealand, this
is the first book to provide detailed quantitative and
qualitative analysis of the effects of school reform
programs on an entire school system.},
Key = {fds266839}
}
@article{fds266937,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Murray, SE},
Title = {Intergenerational conflict reconsidered: County demographic
structure and the demand for public education},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {343-357},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7757(00)00058-3},
Abstract = {The observation that the elderly may be less willing to
support K-12 education than other voters raises the specter
of decreasing support for schools as the US population ages.
In this article, we examine that support using a national
panel of counties over time. Building on earlier models
estimated for state level data, we conclude that the direct
differential effect within each county of the presence of
elderly households is not distinguishable from zero but that
the elderly have the potential to affect spending on
education indirectly through where they live. To the extent
that the elderly live in counties with low proportions of
children, the tax price of education in other counties is
higher which could in turn reduce financial support for
education in those counties. Thus one cannot predict the
impact of an increasing share of the elderly on education
spending without paying attention to how the elderly are
likely to be distributed among counties relative to
children. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0272-7757(00)00058-3},
Key = {fds266937}
}
@article{fds266938,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {School Based Educational Accountability Systems: The Promise
and the Pitfalls},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {LIV},
Number = {2},
Pages = {385-400},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266938}
}
@misc{fds46624,
Author = {H.F. Ladd wit Edward Fiske},
Title = {Does Competition Improve Teaching and Learning: Evidence
from New Zealand},
Year = {2001},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds46624}
}
@article{fds304203,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {School-based educational accountability systems: The promise
and the pitfalls},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {385-400},
Publisher = {National Tax Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2001.2.09},
Doi = {10.17310/ntj.2001.2.09},
Key = {fds304203}
}
@article{fds345652,
Author = {Fiske, EB and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Self-governing schools and accountability in New
Zealand},
Journal = {Prospects},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {537-552},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03220038},
Doi = {10.1007/BF03220038},
Key = {fds345652}
}
@misc{fds46644,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Market-Based Reforms in Education},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds46644}
}
@misc{fds14423,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {The U.S. Charter School Movement: Lessons from New Zealand's
Experience with Self-Governing Schools and Parental
Choice},
Pages = {59-79},
Booktitle = {Charters, Vouchers & Public Education},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {Paul Peterson and David Campbell},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds14423}
}
@misc{fds52823,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on Thomas Kane and Douglas Staiger, "Volatility in
Test Scores: Implications for Test Based Accountability
Systems},
Journal = {Brookings Papers on Education Policy},
Editor = {Diane Ravitch},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds52823}
}
@article{fds266893,
Author = {Ludwig, HFLWJ and Duncan, G},
Title = {The Effects of Urban Poverty on Educational Outcomes:
Evidence from a Randomized Experiment},
Journal = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Volume = {2},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds266893}
}
@article{fds266896,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fiske, EB},
Title = {The uneven playing field of school choice: Evidence from New
Zealand},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-64},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6688(200124)20:1<43::AID-PAM1003>3.0.CO;2-4},
Abstract = {New Zealand's 10-year experience with self-governing schools
operating in a competitive environment provides new insights
into school choice initiatives now being hotly debated in
the United States with limited evidence. This article
examines how New Zealand's system of parental choice of
schools played out in that country's three major urban areas
with particular emphasis on the sorting of students by
ethnic and socioeconomic status. The analysis documents that
schools with large initial proportions of minorities (Maori
and Pacific Island students in the New Zealand context) were
at a clear disadvantage in the educational market place
relative to other schools and that the effect was to
generate a system in which gaps between the "successful" and
the "unsuccessful" schools became wider. © 2001 by the
Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/1520-6688(200124)20:1<43::AID-PAM1003>3.0.CO;2-4},
Key = {fds266896}
}
@misc{fds52826,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {The Empty Aisles of Marketplace Reform},
Journal = {The School Administrator},
Year = {2000},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds52826}
}
@misc{fds52827,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {A Level Playing Field: What We Can Learn from the New
Zealand School Reform?},
Journal = {American Educator},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds52827}
}
@misc{fds52828,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {When Schools Compete: Lessons Learned From New Zealand's
Experiments with Market-Based Reforms},
Journal = {Rethinking Schools},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds52828}
}
@book{fds12882,
Author = {Edward B. Fiske and Helen F. Ladd},
Title = {When Schools Compete: A Cautionary Tale},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds12882}
}
@misc{fds12908,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {Limits of Vouchers Exposed},
Journal = {Philadelphia Inquirer},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds12908}
}
@misc{fds12909,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward B. Fiske},
Title = {Vouchers Have Been Tried - and Failed},
Journal = {Los Angeles Times},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds12909}
}
@misc{fds12910,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and James Hamilton},
Title = {Cause for Confusion and N.C.'s Own Ballot},
Journal = {The News and Observer},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds12910}
}
@misc{fds46582,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {A Distant Laboratory: Learning Cautionary Lessons from New
Zealand's Schools},
Journal = {Education Week},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds46582}
}
@misc{fds46583,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {The Invisible Hand as Schoolmaster},
Journal = {The America Prospect},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds46583}
}
@misc{fds46585,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Edward Fiske},
Title = {A Cautionary Tale from New Zealand},
Journal = {The New York Times (Education Life Section)},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds46585}
}
@book{fds143178,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Janet Hansen},
Title = {Making Money Matter: Financing America's
Schools},
Journal = {National Academy of Sciences Press (Final report of the
National Academy of Sciences Committee on Education
Finance).},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds143178}
}
@book{fds143179,
Author = {H.F. Ladd, and Janet Hansen and Rosemary A. Chalk},
Title = {Equity and Adequacy in Education Finance: Issues and
Perspectives},
Journal = {National Academy of Sciences Press},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds143179}
}
@article{fds266855,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Ludwig, J},
Title = {MTO: A residential relocation demonstration program in the
United States},
Journal = {Journal of Housing and the Built Environment},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-79},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1566-4910},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02496541},
Abstract = {This article provides an overview of an experimental
residential relocation program sponsored by the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development known as Moving
to Opportunity (MTO), currently in operation in five U.S.
cities: Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New
York. Because families are randomly assigned to three
groups, each of which receives a different bundle of housing
services, MTO provides a unique opportunity to learn more
about the effects of concentrated urban poverty on the
outcomes of families. Yet residential relocation can be an
effective anti-poverty strategy only if families
successfully relocate and if their new neighborhoods
translate into improved labor-market, educational, or other
outcomes. We illustrate the potential as well as the limits
of residential relocation policies by focusing on the
relationship between the housing market and educational
opportunities in the Baltimore demonstration
site.},
Doi = {10.1007/bf02496541},
Key = {fds266855}
}
@article{fds266936,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Dallas school accountability and incentive program: An
evaluation of its impacts on student outcomes},
Journal = {Economics of Education Review},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7757(97)00044-7},
Abstract = {Consistent with the current emphasis on performance-based
accountability in K-12 education, several states and a few
local districts have introduced school-based incentive
programs. This paper provides one of the few evaluations of
the effects of such programs on student outcomes. Using a
panel data set for schools in large Texas cities, it
measures the gains in student performance in Dallas relative
to those in other cities. It finds positive and relatively
large effects for Hispanic and white seventh graders, but
not for black students. Potentially positive effects also
emerge for drop-out rates and principal turnover rates.[JEL
I20].},
Doi = {10.1016/s0272-7757(97)00044-7},
Key = {fds266936}
}
@book{fds12883,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {The Challenge of Fiscal Disparities for State and
Governments: The Selected Essays of Helen F.
Ladd},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Limited},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds12883}
}
@book{fds266823,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Challenge of Fiscal Disparities for State and Local
Governments},
Pages = {477 pages},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Pub},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {This outstanding selection of Helen Ladd's work provides an
overview of the policy-oriented research she has conducted
in the area of state and local public finance during the
past twenty-five years.},
Key = {fds266823}
}
@article{fds266935,
Author = {Ludwig, HFLWJ},
Title = {Residential Relocation Policies in the United States: The
Moving to Opportunity Demonstration},
Journal = {Netherlands Journal of Housing and the Built
Environment},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds266935}
}
@misc{fds46625,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {School-Based Accountability and Incentive
Programs},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds46625}
}
@article{fds266934,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Evidence on Discrimination in Mortgage Lending},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {41-62},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.2.41},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.12.2.41},
Key = {fds266934}
}
@book{fds46485,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Local Government Tax and Land Use Policy: Understanding the
Links (primary author and editor)},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Limited},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds46485}
}
@misc{fds52829,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {How School Districts Respond to Fiscal Constraint},
Journal = {Selected Papers in School Finance, 1996},
Publisher = {National Center for Education Statistics},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds52829}
}
@article{fds266933,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Ludwig, J},
Title = {Federal Housing Assistance, Residential Relocation, and
Educational Opportunities: Evidence from
Baltimore},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {2},
Pages = {272-277},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266933}
}
@misc{fds52830,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on chapter by Tom Loveless},
Journal = {Brookings Papers on Education Policy: 1997},
Editor = {Diane Ravitch},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds52830}
}
@misc{fds52831,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Fiscal Disparities and Fiscal Equalization},
Booktitle = {entries for the Encyclopedia of Taxation},
Publisher = {National Tax Association and the Urban Institute},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds52831}
}
@article{fds266904,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Catalyst for Learning: Recognition and Reward Programs in
the Public Schools},
Journal = {The Brookings Review},
Pages = {14-17},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds266904}
}
@article{fds266837,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The price of federalism by Paul E. Peterson. Washington, DC:
The Brookings Institution, 1995, 231 pp., $36.95 cloth,
$15.95 paper},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {469-472},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996UU64400014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.4050150315},
Key = {fds266837}
}
@article{fds266932,
Author = {Ladd, JTHWHF},
Title = {Biased Ballots? The Impact of Ballot Structure on North
Carolina Elections in 1992},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {87},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {259-280},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118648},
Abstract = {North Carolina state election law gives county election
boards broad authority to determine the form of the ballot
used in federal, state, and local races. This paper examines
the extent to which ballot formats appear to be
strategically chosen and the impact of ballot design on 1992
North Carolina elections. Our results indicate that the form
of the ballot influenced the decisions of some voters in
statewide races in 1992 and that the design of the ballot
may have been chosen strategically by county election boards
dominated by the members of one party. © 1996 Kluwer
Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00118648},
Key = {fds266932}
}
@article{fds317804,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {School District Responses to Fiscal Constraints},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This paper examines how schools districts have responded to
fiscal constraints in the past to gain insight into how they
might respond in the future. It uses cross sectional data
for Texas and New York first to develop a measure of the
fiscal condition of each district and, second, to examine
the choices made by school districts facing differing
degrees of fiscal pressure. I conclude that districts
respond to fiscal constraint by trying to protect the level
of instructional spending, that central administration
spending and staffing appear to be a luxury that is more
affordable for districts in strong fiscal condition, and
that spending on capital outlays is more responsive than
other categories to a district's fiscal condition. Annual
shortfalls in capital spending and maintenance in response
to an extended period of fiscal constraint are likely to
leave some districts with serious deficiencies in their
capital facilities.},
Key = {fds317804}
}
@misc{fds266831,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The public sector - Commentary},
Journal = {NATIONAL URBAN POLICY},
Pages = {136-142},
Publisher = {WAYNE STATE UNIV PRESS},
Editor = {Wolman, HL and Agius, EJ},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-8143-2543-2},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996BF68K00008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266831}
}
@book{fds46486,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Holding Schools Accountable: Performance-Based Reform in
Education (editor, author of introduction and coauthor of
two chapters)},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds46486}
}
@misc{fds46516,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Charles Clotfelter},
Title = {Recognizing the Rewarding Success in Public
Schools},
Booktitle = {Holding Schools Accountable: Performance-Based Reform in
Education},
Publisher = {The Brookings Institution},
Editor = {Helen F. Ladd},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds46516}
}
@misc{fds46517,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Ronald Ferguson},
Title = {Additional Evidence on How and Why Money Matters: A
Production Function Analysis of Alabama Schools},
Booktitle = {Holding Schools Accountable: Performance-Based Reform in
Education},
Publisher = {The Brookings Institution},
Editor = {Helen F. Ladd},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds46517}
}
@misc{fds52832,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Testimony on HR 3467 "Saving Our Children: The American
Community Renewal Act of 1996},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds52832}
}
@article{fds266840,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The price of federalism by Paul E. Peterson. Washington, DC:
The Brookings Institution, 1995, 231 pp., $36.95 cloth,
$15.95 paper},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {469-472},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds266840}
}
@article{fds266931,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The Tax Expenditure Concept After 25 Years},
Journal = {NTA Forum},
Pages = {1-5},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266931}
}
@article{fds266930,
Author = {Harris, HFLWE},
Title = {Statewide Taxation of Nonresidential Property for
Education},
Journal = {Journal of Education Finance},
Pages = {103-122},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds266930}
}
@misc{fds52833,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on paper by Garrett Mandeville on South Carolina's
school incentive program},
Journal = {Midwest Approaches to School Reform},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds52833}
}
@misc{fds52834,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {The Tax Expenditure Concept After 25 Years},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 86th Annual Conference
(NTA)},
Pages = {50-57},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds52834}
}
@article{fds266929,
Author = {Gentry, HFLWW},
Title = {State Tax Structure and Multiple Policy Objectives},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {747-772},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSN},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266929}
}
@article{fds266926,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Spatially Targeted Economic Development Strategies: Do They
Work?},
Journal = {Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and
Research},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {193-218},
Year = {1994},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds266926}
}
@article{fds266927,
Author = {Yinger, HFLWJ},
Title = {The Case for Equalizing Aid},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {XLVII},
Number = {1},
Pages = {211-224},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NG43100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266927}
}
@article{fds304201,
Author = {LADD, HF and YINGER, J},
Title = {THE CASE FOR EQUALIZING AID},
Journal = {NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {211-224},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSN},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NG43100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds304201}
}
@article{fds266928,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Fiscal impacts of local population growth: A conceptual and
empirical analysis},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {6},
Pages = {661-686},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0166-0462},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-0462(94)90006-X},
Abstract = {This paper examines the legitimacy of concerns of local
residents about the adverse fiscal impacts of population
growth. The conceptual discussion shows that economic theory
provides no clear prediction of the impact of population
growth on per capita spending. Based on a national data set
of large countries, simple d descriptive analysis indicates
that greater population growth is associated with higher per
capita current spending and interest outlays. More detailed
analysis both of 1978-1985 changes and of 1985 levels of
current spending indicates that higher growth-related per
capita spending primarily reflects the combined effects of
greater density and increased local spending shares. In sum,
established residents in fast- growing areas may experience
declines in service quality as well as rising local tax
burdens. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0166-0462(94)90006-X},
Key = {fds266928}
}
@misc{fds46522,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Big City Finances},
Pages = {201-269},
Booktitle = {Big City Politics, Governance, and Fiscal
Constraints},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds46522}
}
@misc{fds46526,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Measuring Disparities in the Fiscal Condition of Local
Governments},
Pages = {21-55},
Booktitle = {The Challenge of Fiscal Equalization},
Publisher = {Praeger Press},
Editor = {John Anderson},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds46526}
}
@misc{fds46605,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on Wallace E. Oates, "Federalism and Government
Finance},
Booktitle = {Modern Public Finance},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Editor = {J. Quigley and E. Smolensky},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds46605}
}
@article{fds266925,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {State Responses to the TRA86 Revenue Windfalls: A New Test
of the Flypaper Effect},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {82-103},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325462},
Doi = {10.2307/3325462},
Key = {fds266925}
}
@article{fds46601,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Review of Ester Fuchs, Mayors and Money},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds46601}
}
@misc{fds46528,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Fiscal Consequences for U.S. Central Cities of the Changing
Urban Form},
Pages = {321-370},
Booktitle = {Urban Change in the U.S. and Western Europe: Comparative
Analysis and Policy},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {Anita Summers and Lanfranco Senn},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds46528}
}
@misc{fds46529,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Effects of Population Growth on Local Spending and
Taxes},
Pages = {181-224},
Booktitle = {Structuring Direct Aid: People Versus Places},
Publisher = {JAI Press, Research in Urban Economics, vol.
9},
Editor = {R.D. Norton},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds46529}
}
@misc{fds46602,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on John M. Quigley and Daniel L. Rubinfeld, 'Public
Choices in Public Higher Education'},
Booktitle = {Studies of Supply and Demand in Higher Education},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Charles Clotfelter and Michael Rothchild},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds46602}
}
@article{fds266838,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Fuchs, ER},
Title = {Mayors and Money: Fiscal Policy in New York and
Chicago},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {608-608},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LJ47600020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3325313},
Key = {fds266838}
}
@misc{fds46646,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Local Tax and Land Use Policy: A Survey},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds46646}
}
@article{fds266923,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Mimicking of Local Tax Burdens Among Neighboring
Counties},
Journal = {Public Finance Quarterly},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {450-467},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114219202000404},
Abstract = {This article contributes to the small literature on the
determination of local taxes by testing hypotheses about
whether local officials consider the tax burdens of neigh
boring counties when making their own decisions about taxes
on residents. Based on data for large U.S. counties,
evidence of tax mimicking appears first in compar isons of
the degree of clustering of tax burdens among neighboring
counties within metropolitan areas to that among
nonneighboring counties within states. In addition,
regression equations based on both 1978 and 1985 data
confirm the presence of tax mimicking for total local tax
burdens and for property tax burdens, but not for sales tax
burdens. © 1992, Sage Publications. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114219202000404},
Key = {fds266923}
}
@misc{fds46626,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Land and Tax Policy},
Year = {1992},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds46626}
}
@misc{fds52835,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger},
Title = {Economic Change and Fiscal Health: Designing Federal Aid for
our Most Troubled Central Cities},
Year = {1992},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds52835}
}
@article{fds266924,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Population growth, density and the costs of providing public
services},
Journal = {Urban Studies},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {273-295},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420989220080321},
Abstract = {Recent policy interest in managing local population growth
has drawn attention to the fiscal pressures that population
growth imposes on local governments. This paper uses 1985
data for 247 large county areas to determine the separate
impacts on local government spending of two dimensions of
residential development patterns, the rapidity of population
growth and the intensity of land use as measured by gross
residential densities. Based on a regression model that
controls for other determinants of per capita spending, this
study provides careful estimates of the nonlinear impacts of
population growth and population density on three types of
local government spending: current account spending, capital
outlays and spending on public safety. -from
Author},
Doi = {10.1080/00420989220080321},
Key = {fds266924}
}
@article{fds52836,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Andrew Reschovsky and John
Yinger},
Title = {City Fiscal Condition and State Equalizing Aid: the Case of
Minnesota},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Eighty-Fourth Annual Conference of the
National Tax Association - Tax Institute of American
(Columbus, Ohio)},
Pages = {42-49},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds52836}
}
@article{fds266922,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {The State Aid Decision: Changes in State Aid to Local
Governments, 1982-1987},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4, Part 2},
Pages = {477-496},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991HL15200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266922}
}
@article{fds304202,
Author = {LADD, HF},
Title = {THE STATE AID DECISION - CHANGES IN STATE AID TO LOCAL
GOVERNMENTS, 1982-87},
Journal = {NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {477-496},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSOC},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991HL15200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds304202}
}
@misc{fds46627,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Andrew Reschovsky and Daniel Salomone and John
Yinger},
Title = {Policy Analysis and the Design of State Aid Formuas: A Case
Study of Minnesota},
Year = {1991},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds46627}
}
@book{fds266822,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Yinger, J},
Title = {America's Ailing Cities: Fiscal Health and the Design of
Urban Policy},
Pages = {348 pages},
Publisher = {JHU Press},
Year = {1991},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780801842443},
Abstract = {Identifies and measures the impact in broad national trends
such as the urbanization of poverty, the shift from
manufacturing to services, and middle-class flight to the
suburbs. (Politcs/Current Events)},
Key = {fds266822}
}
@misc{fds46647,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Andrew Reschovsky and John
Yinger},
Title = {Measuring the Fiscal Condition of Cities in
Minnesota},
Year = {1991},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds46647}
}
@article{fds266920,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Wheaton, W},
Title = {Causes and consequences of the changing urban form.
Introduction},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-162},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0166-0462},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-0462(91)90031-H},
Doi = {10.1016/0166-0462(91)90031-H},
Key = {fds266920}
}
@article{fds266921,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Property tax revaluation and tax levy growth
revisited},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-99},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(91)90046-A},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(91)90046-A},
Key = {fds266921}
}
@misc{fds46538,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Sales Taxes in Arizona},
Booktitle = {State and local Finance for the 1990s: A Case Study of
Arizona},
Publisher = {University of Arizona Press},
Editor = {Therese J. McGuire and Dana Wolfe Naimark},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds46538}
}
@article{fds266903,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Introduction of Symposium on Managing Local
Development},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {484-486},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325259},
Doi = {10.2307/3325259},
Key = {fds266903}
}
@misc{fds46648,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and J. Tomas Hexner and Glenn Jenkins and K.
Russell LaMotte},
Title = {Puerto Rican Statehood: A Precondition to Sound Economic
Growth},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds46648}
}
@article{fds266919,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {State Assistance to Local Governments: Changes During the
1980s},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-175},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266919}
}
@misc{fds46537,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Big City Finances in the New Era of Fiscal
Federalism},
Pages = {127-151},
Booktitle = {The Changing Face of Fiscal Federalism},
Publisher = {London, England: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.},
Editor = {Thomas R. Swartz and John E. Peck},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds46537}
}
@misc{fds46607,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {User Charges -- Not Just Another Revenue
Source},
Pages = {47-55},
Booktitle = {The Role of User Charges},
Publisher = {Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester,
NY},
Editor = {Thomas D. Hopkins},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds46607}
}
@misc{fds52837,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Puerto Rican Statehood: A Precondition to Sound Economic
Growth},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds52837}
}
@article{fds266872,
Author = {Yinger, HFLWJ},
Title = {The Determinants of State Assistance to Central
Citiis},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {XLII},
Number = {4},
Pages = {413-428},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989CR19800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds266872}
}
@article{fds304200,
Author = {YINGER, J and LADD, HF},
Title = {THE DETERMINANTS OF STATE ASSISTANCE TO CENTRAL
CITIES},
Journal = {NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {413-428},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSOC},
Year = {1989},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989CR19800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds304200}
}
@article{fds52838,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger},
Title = {Recent Trends in City Fiscal Health},
Journal = {National Tax Associaiton - Tax Institute of America,
Proceedings of the Eighty Second Annual Conference on
Taxation, Atlanta, Georgia},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds52838}
}
@misc{fds46651,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Dana R. Weist},
Title = {Sales Taxes and User Charges in Arizona Local
Governments'},
Year = {1989},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds46651}
}
@misc{fds46649,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Big City Finances},
Year = {1989},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds46649}
}
@misc{fds46650,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Dana R. Weist},
Title = {The Arizona General Sales Tax},
Year = {1989},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds46650}
}
@book{fds46487,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger},
Title = {America's Ailing Cities: Fiscal Health and the Design of
Urban Policy},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds46487}
}
@misc{fds46628,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Claire Christopherson},
Title = {Demand for Local Public Services: Evidence from Survey
Data},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds46628}
}
@misc{fds52839,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {The Meaning of Balance for State-Local Tax
Systems},
Booktitle = {The Unfinished Agenda for State Tax Reform},
Publisher = {National Conference of State Legislatures},
Editor = {Steven D. Gold},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds52839}
}
@article{fds266918,
Author = {Bradbury, HFLWK},
Title = {City Taxes and City Property Tax Bases},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266918}
}
@book{fds46488,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger and Howard Bloom and Axel
Borsch-Supan},
Title = {Property Taxes and House Values: The Theory and Estimation
of Intrajurisdictional Property Tax Capitalization},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds46488}
}
@misc{fds46543,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Ronald Ferguson},
Title = {State Economic Renaissance, "Pioneering State Economic
Strategy," and "Creating the Future},
Booktitle = {The New Economic Role of American States: Strategies and
Institutions for a Competitive World Economy},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {R. Scott Fosler},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds46543}
}
@misc{fds46608,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on Charles R. Hulton and Robert M. Schwab,
"Incoming Originating in The State and Local
Sector},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Federalism},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Harvey Rosen},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds46608}
}
@misc{fds46545,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Dana R. Weist},
Title = {State and local Tax Systems: Balance Among Taxes vs. Balance
Among Policy Goals},
Booktitle = {The Quest for Balance in State-Local Revenue
Systems},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute of Land
Policy},
Editor = {Frederick D. Stocker},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds46545}
}
@article{fds266917,
Author = {Bradbury, HFLWKL},
Title = {City Property Taxes: The Effects of Economic Change and
Competitive Pressures},
Journal = {New England Economic Review},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds266917}
}
@article{fds46610,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Review of John M. Quigley and Daniel L. Rubinfeld, eds.,
American Domestic Priorities: An Economic Appraisal in
Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds46610}
}
@misc{fds52840,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger},
Title = {Measuring the Fiscal Capacity of U.S. Cities},
Journal = {Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations,
Measuring State Fiscal Capacity: Alternative Methods and
Their Uses},
Volume = {M-150},
Pages = {177-181},
Publisher = {Washingon, DC},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds52840}
}
@article{fds46611,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Review of George Break, ed., State and local Finance: The
Pressures of the 1980's},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46611}
}
@misc{fds46652,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Ronald F. Ferguson},
Title = {Economic Performance and Economic Development Policy in
Massachusetts},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46652}
}
@misc{fds46653,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and John Yinger and others},
Title = {The Changing Economic and Fiscal Condition of
Cities},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46653}
}
@misc{fds46547,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Ronald Ferguson},
Title = {Measuring the Fiscal Capacity of U.S. Cities},
Booktitle = {Measuring Fiscal Capacity},
Publisher = {Oelgeschlager, Gunn, and Hain, Inc.},
Editor = {Clyde Reeves},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46547}
}
@misc{fds46612,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on Steven G. Craig and Robert P. Inman, "Education,
Welfare, and the 'New Federalism': State Budgeting in a
Federalist Public Economy},
Booktitle = {Studies in State and Local Public Finance},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Harvey Rosen},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds46612}
}
@article{fds266915,
Author = {Wilson, HFLWJB},
Title = {Education and Tax Limitations: Evidence from Massachusetts'
Proposition 2 1/2},
Journal = {Journal of Education Finance},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds266915}
}
@misc{fds46614,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {The Massachusetts Experience},
Booktitle = {States Under Stress: A Report on the Finances of
Massachusetts, Michigan, Texas, and California},
Publisher = {Berkeley, CA: Institute of Governmental Studies},
Editor = {Peggy B. Musgrave},
Year = {1985},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds46614}
}
@misc{fds46553,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Julie Boatright Wilson},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Explaining the Vote},
Volume = {1},
Booktitle = {Research in Urban Policy},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {T. Clark},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds46553}
}
@article{fds266916,
Author = {Bradbury, HFLWKL},
Title = {Changes in the Revenue-Raising Capacity of U.S. Cities:
1970-1982},
Journal = {New England Economic Review},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds266916}
}
@article{fds266914,
Author = {Bradbury, HFLWKL and Perrault, M and Reschovsky, A and Yinger,
J},
Title = {State Aid to Offset Fiscal Disparities Across
Communities},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1984},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266914}
}
@article{fds46613,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Review of John F. Due and John L. Mikesell, Sales Taxation:
State and Local Structure and Administration},
Journal = {Municipal Finance Officers Association, Resources in
Review},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds46613}
}
@misc{fds46552,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Federal Aid to State and Local Governments},
Booktitle = {Federal Budget Policy in the 1980's},
Publisher = {Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {J. Palmer and G. Mills},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds46552}
}
@misc{fds46554,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Herman Leonard},
Title = {Taxation and the Poor},
Booktitle = {The State and the Poor in the 1980's},
Publisher = {Auburn House},
Editor = {Manuel Carballo and Mary Jo Bane},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds46554}
}
@article{fds266913,
Author = {Wilson, HFLWJB},
Title = {Who Supports Tax Limitations: Evidence from Massachusetts'
Proposition 2 1/2},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-279},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1983},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3323286},
Abstract = {The vote on Massachusetts' Proposition 2½—and by
extension the votes to restrain or roll back taxes in other
states as well—should not be interpreted simply as
expressions of the narrowly defined self‐interest of the
voters. This study shows that other characteristics such as
sex, race, religion, occupation, educational background, and
political orientation also have an important influence on
voting behavior. These characteristics combine with
self‐interest measures such as public sector employment
and voters' likely gains from tax reduction to push
individual voters in different directions on the issue of
tax limitation. Consequently, we find little polarization in
the electorate along demographic lines. Copyright © 1982
Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management},
Doi = {10.2307/3323286},
Key = {fds266913}
}
@misc{fds46629,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Katherine L. Bradbury and Andrew
Reschovsky},
Title = {Policy Analysis and the Distribution of State Aid to Local
Governments: A Case Study of Massachusetts},
Year = {1983},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds46629}
}
@misc{fds46631,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Arnold Howitt and Herman Leonard},
Title = {Services from Public Capital: The Outlook for Boston's
Physical Infrastructure},
Year = {1983},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds46631}
}
@article{fds266902,
Author = {Howitt, HFLWA and Leonard, H and Weeks, A},
Title = {Physical Infrastructure in Boston},
Journal = {Urban Resources},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {5-11},
Year = {1983},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds266902}
}
@misc{fds46616,
Author = {H.F. Ladd (with others)},
Title = {State Aid Distribution Formulas: The Need for More
Equalization},
Journal = {Impact 2 1/2 Newsletter},
Year = {1983},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds46616}
}
@misc{fds46630,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and others},
Title = {State Aid and the High Cost of Local Public Services in Some
Communities: The Need for More Equalization},
Year = {1983},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds46630}
}
@misc{fds46633,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Robert Schafer},
Title = {Discrimination in Mortgage Lending: A Microeconomic Model of
Mortgage Terms},
Year = {1983},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds46633}
}
@misc{fds46632,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Financing Services in the Federal System},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds46632}
}
@misc{fds46562,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Howard Bloom and John Yinger},
Title = {Are Property Taxes Capitalized into House
Values?},
Booktitle = {Local Provision of Public Services: The Tiebout Model After
Twenty-Five Years},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Editor = {George R. Zodrow},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds46562}
}
@article{fds266911,
Author = {Doolittle, HFLWFC},
Title = {Which Level of Government Should Assist Poor
People?},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1982},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds266911}
}
@article{fds266912,
Author = {Wilson, HFLWJB},
Title = {Why Voters Support Tax Limitations: Evidence from
Massachusetts' Proposition 2 1/2},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1982},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266912}
}
@article{fds266909,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Equal Credit Opportunity: Women and Mortgage
Credit},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {1982},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds266909}
}
@misc{fds46635,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Julie Boatright Wilson},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Variations in Individual Preferences and
Expectations Across Communities},
Year = {1982},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds46635}
}
@article{fds266908,
Author = {Bloom, HS and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Property tax revaluation and tax levy growth},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-84},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1982},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(82)90039-0},
Abstract = {Jurisdiction-wide property revaluation, like many
administrative reforms, may have unintended consequences.
This paper examines one such potential consequence. By
pooling 18-year time series for each of 39 Massachusetts
cities (17 of which revalued) and 270 Massachusetts towns
(202 of which revalued), we examine the hypothesis that
politicians take advantage of the confusion generated by
revaluation and raise property taxes by more than they
otherwise would have. We observe such a response in cities
but not in towns and attribute this difference to
differences in their governmental structures. ©
1982.},
Doi = {10.1016/0094-1190(82)90039-0},
Key = {fds266908}
}
@misc{fds46637,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Katherine L. Bradbury and Claire
Christopherson},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Initial Impacts},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds46637}
}
@misc{fds46655,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Julie Boatright Wilson},
Title = {Tax Limitation Study},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds46655}
}
@article{fds46560,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Katherine L. Bradbury and Claire
Christopherson},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Initial Impacts, Part
II},
Journal = {New England Economic Review},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds46560}
}
@misc{fds46557,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Financing Services in the Federal System},
Number = {6},
Booktitle = {Federalism: Making the System Work: Alternatives for the
1980's},
Publisher = {Center for National Policy, Washington, D.C.},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds46557}
}
@article{fds266910,
Author = {Bradbury, HFLWKL and Christopherson, C},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Initial Impacts, Part
I},
Journal = {New England Economic Review},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds266910}
}
@misc{fds46634,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Julie Boatright Wilson},
Title = {Proposition 2 1/2: Explaining the Vote},
Year = {1981},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds46634}
}
@book{fds46490,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Tax and Expenditure Limitations (author of introduction and
co-editor with Nicolaus Tideman},
Publisher = {Urban Institute},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds46490}
}
@book{fds266824,
Author = {Schafer, R and Ladd, HF},
Title = {Discrimination in Mortgage Lending},
Pages = {407 pages},
Publisher = {MIT Press (MA)},
Year = {1981},
Abstract = {This book substitutes rigorous and systematic analysis for
the undocumented claims that have characterized the debate
on "redlining"-the denial of mortgage money to
poorer neighborhoods.},
Key = {fds266824}
}
@misc{fds52841,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Comments on George Zodrow, Optimal Tax Reform: Property Tax
Equalization, "National Tax Association - Tax Institute of
America},
Journal = {Proceedings of Seventy-Third Annual Conference},
Year = {1980},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds52841}
}
@misc{fds46654,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Howard Bloom and John Yinger},
Title = {Intrajurisdictional Property Tax Capitalization},
Year = {1980},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds46654}
}
@misc{fds46638,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {What Economics Can Contribute to the Tax Limitation
Debate},
Year = {1980},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds46638}
}
@misc{fds46636,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Robert Schafer},
Title = {Equal Credit Opportunity in Mortgage Lending: Summary of
Results},
Year = {1980},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds46636}
}
@misc{fds46564,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Municipal Expenditures and the Rate of Population
Change},
Booktitle = {Cities Under Stress: The Fiscal Crisis of Urban
America},
Publisher = {New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy
Research},
Editor = {R.W. Burchell and D. Listokin},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds46564}
}
@misc{fds46565,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Tax Policy Considerations Underlying Preferential Tax
Treatment of Open Space and Agricultural
Land},
Booktitle = {Property Tax Preferences for Agricultural
Land},
Publisher = {Montclair: NJ: Allanheld, Osman & Co, Inc.},
Editor = {N.A. Roberts and H.J. Brown},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds46565}
}
@article{fds266854,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Municipal expenditure and the rate of population change
(revised version) ( USA).},
Journal = {Harvard University, Department of City and Regional
Planning, Urban Planning Policy Analysis &
Administration, Discussion Paper},
Number = {D79-6},
Year = {1979},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The recent decline of many industrial cities in the NE and
the rapid growth of cites in the SW have forcefully drawn
attention to the fiscal implications of population change.
Although the major urban areas receive most of the
attention, other smaller cities confront many of the same
issues. This paper focuses on these smaller cities with the
specific purpose of determining the impact of population
change on per capita local public expenditures.-from
Author},
Key = {fds266854}
}
@misc{fds46656,
Author = {H.F. Ladd and Robert Schafer},
Title = {Equal Credit Opportunity; Accessibility to Mortgage Funds by
Women and Blacks},
Year = {1979},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds46656}
}
@article{fds266901,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Tax Limitations and Educational Finance:
Comments},
Journal = {National Tax Journal, Supplement},
Year = {1979},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266901}
}
@article{fds343235,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Municipal expenditure and the rate of population change
(revised version) ( USA).},
Journal = {Harvard University, Department of City and Regional
Planning, Urban Planning Policy Analysis &
Administration, Discussion Paper},
Number = {D79-6},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The recent decline of many industrial cities in the NE and
the rapid growth of cites in the SW have forcefully drawn
attention to the fiscal implications of population change.
Although the major urban areas receive most of the
attention, other smaller cities confront many of the same
issues. This paper focuses on these smaller cities with the
specific purpose of determining the impact of population
change on per capita local public expenditures.-from
Author},
Key = {fds343235}
}
@misc{fds46619,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Discussion of Howard A. Chernick, "An Economic Model of the
Distribution of Project Grants},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Federalism and Grants-in-Aid, COUPE Papers on Public
Economics},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The Urban Institute},
Editor = {P. Miezkowski and W. Oakland},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds46619}
}
@article{fds266900,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {State Limitations on Local Taxing and Spending Powers: A
Response},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1978},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds266900}
}
@article{fds266907,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {An Economic Evaluation of State Limitations on Local Taxing
and Spending Powers},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1978},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds266907}
}
@misc{fds46568,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Male-Female Differences in Pre-College Economic},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Economic Education},
Publisher = {Joint Council on Economic Education},
Editor = {Donald R. Wentworth and W. Lee Hansen and Sharryl H.
Hawke},
Year = {1977},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds46568}
}
@article{fds266906,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Statewide Taxation of Commercial and Industrial Property for
Education},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1976},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266906}
}
@misc{fds46571,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Municipal Expenditures and the Composition of the Property
Tax Base},
Booktitle = {Property Taxation, Land Use and Public Trends
(TRED8)},
Publisher = {Madison: University of Wisconsin Press},
Editor = {Arthur D. Lynn},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds46571}
}
@article{fds266905,
Author = {Ladd, HF},
Title = {Local Education Expenditures, Fiscal Capacity, and the
Composition of the Property Tax Base},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Year = {1975},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds266905}
}
@misc{fds52842,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {Local Public Expenditures and the Composition of the
Property Tax Base},
Journal = {National Tax Association - Tax Institute of America,
Proceedings of Sixty-Seventh Annual Conference},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds52842}
}
@misc{fds46572,
Author = {H.F. Ladd},
Title = {The Role of the Property Tax: A Reassessment},
Booktitle = {Board Based Taxes: New Options and Sources},
Publisher = {John Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {R.A. Musgrave},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds46572}
}
%% Lanteri, Andrea
@article{fds358852,
Author = {Bertolotti, F and Gavazza, A and Lanteri, A},
Title = {Dynamics of Expenditures on Durable Goods: The Role of
New-Product Quality},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {133},
Number = {652},
Pages = {1641-1656},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ej/uead006},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>We study the role
of new-product quality for the dynamics of durable-good
expenditures around the Great Recession. We assemble a rich
dataset on US new-car markets during 2004–12, combining
data on transaction prices with detailed information about
vehicles’ technical characteristics. During the recession,
a reallocation of expenditures away from high-quality new
models accounts for a significant decline in the dispersion
of expenditures. In turn, car manufacturers introduced new
models of lower quality. The drop in new-model quality
persistently depressed the technology embodied in vehicles,
and likely contributed to the slow recovery of
expenditures.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/ej/uead006},
Key = {fds358852}
}
@article{fds361166,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Constrained-Efficient Capital Reallocation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {113},
Number = {2},
Pages = {354-395},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20210902},
Abstract = {We characterize efficiency in an equilibrium model of
investment and capital reallocation with heterogeneous firms
facing collateral constraints. The model features two types
of pecuniary externalities: collateral externalities,
because the resale price of capital affects collateral
constraints, and distributive externalities, because buyers
of old capital are more financially constrained than
sellers, consistent with empirical evidence. We prove that
the stationary equilibrium price of old capital is
inefficiently high because the distributive externality
exceeds the collateral externality, by a factor of two when
we calibrate the model. New investment reduces the future
price of old capital, providing a rationale for
new-investment subsidies.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20210902},
Key = {fds361166}
}
@article{fds349772,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Medina, P and Tan, E},
Title = {Capital-Reallocation Frictions and Trade
Shocks},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {190-228},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20200429},
Abstract = {What are the short-term effects of an import-competition
shock on capital reallocation and aggregate productivity? To
address this question, we develop a quantitative model with
heterogeneous firms and capital-reallocation frictions. We
discipline the model with micro data on investment dynamics
of Peruvian manufacturing firms and trade flows between
China and Peru. Because of large frictions in firm
downsizing and exit, an import-competition shock induces a
temporary aggregate-productivity loss and larger dispersion
in marginal products, due to investment inaction and exit of
some productive firms. Empirical evidence on the effects of
trade shocks on capital reallocation supports the model
mechanism.},
Doi = {10.1257/mac.20200429},
Key = {fds349772}
}
@article{fds361165,
Author = {Clymo, A and Lanteri, A and Villa, AT},
Title = {Capital and labor taxes with costly state
contingency},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2023.09.003},
Abstract = {We analyze optimal capital and labor taxes in a model where
(i) the government makes noncontingent announcements about
future policies and (ii) state-contingent deviations from
these announcements are costly. With Full Commitment,
optimal announcements coincide with expected future taxes.
Costly state contingency dampens the response of both
current and future capital taxes to government spending
shocks and labor taxes play a major role in accommodating
fiscal shocks. These features allow our quantitative model
to account for the volatility of taxes in US data. In the
absence of Full Commitment, optimal announcements are
instead strategically biased, because governments have an
incentive to partially constrain their successors. The cost
of deviating from past announcements generates an endogenous
degree of fiscal commitment, determining the average level
of capital taxes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2023.09.003},
Key = {fds361165}
}
@article{fds358853,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Constrained-Efficient Capital Reallocation},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds358853}
}
@article{fds355141,
Author = {Gavazza, A and Lanteri, A},
Title = {Credit Shocks and Equilibrium Dynamics in Consumer Durable
Goods Markets},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {88},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2935-2969},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdab004},
Abstract = {This article studies equilibrium dynamics in consumer
durable goods markets after aggregate credit shocks. We
introduce two novel features into a general-equilibrium
model of durable consumption with heterogeneous households
facing idiosyncratic income risk and borrowing constraints:
(1) indivisible durable goods are vertically differentiated
in their quality and (2) trade on secondary markets at
market-clearing prices, with households endogenously
choosing when to trade or scrap their durables. The model
highlights a new transmission mechanism for macroeconomic
shocks and successfully matches several empirical patterns
that we document using data on U.S. car markets around the
Great Recession. After a tightening of the borrowing limit,
debt-constrained households postpone the decision to scrap
and upgrade their low-quality cars, which depresses
mid-quality car prices. In turn, this effect reduces wealthy
households' incentives to replace their mid-quality cars
with high-quality ones, thereby decreasing new-car sales. We
further use our framework to evaluate targeted fiscal
stimulus policies such as the Car Allowance Rebate System in
2009 ("Cash for Clunkers").},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdab004},
Key = {fds355141}
}
@article{fds361167,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Constrained-Efficient Capital Reallocation},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds361167}
}
@article{fds355142,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Medina, P and Tan, E},
Title = {Capital-Reallocation Frictions and Trade
Shocks},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds355142}
}
@article{fds355143,
Author = {Gavazza, A and Lanteri, A},
Title = {Credit Shocks and Equilibrium Dynamics in Consumer Durable
Goods Markets},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds355143}
}
@article{fds355144,
Author = {Gavazza, A and Lanteri, A},
Title = {Credit Shocks and Equilibrium Dynamics in Consumer Durable
Goods Markets},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds355144}
}
@article{fds337719,
Author = {Lanteri, A},
Title = {The market for used capital: Endogenous irreversibility and
reallocation over the business cycle},
Pages = {2383-2419},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160131},
Abstract = {This paper studies the business- cycle dynamics of secondary
markets for physical capital and their effects on the
macroeconomy. In the data, both capital reallocation and the
price of used capital are procyclical. To rationalize these
facts, I propose a model with endogenous partial
irreversibility, where used investment goods are imperfect
substitutes for new ones because of firm- level capital
specificity. Equilibrium dynamics in the market for used
capital induce countercyclical dispersion of marginal
products of capital, propagate movements in aggregate TFP,
and provide a microfoundation for state- dependent nonconvex
capital adjustment costs.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20160131},
Key = {fds337719}
}
@article{fds326047,
Author = {Clymo, A and Lanteri, A},
Title = {Fiscal Policy with Limited-Time Commitment},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds326047}
}
@article{fds355194,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Medina, P},
Title = {Capital Specificity, the Distribution of Marginal Products
and Aggregate Productivity},
Year = {2017},
Abstract = {This paper studies the role of capital specificity and
investment irreversibility on the distribution of marginal
products of capital and aggregate TFP. We use a methodology
new to the misallocation literature, based on the study of
“mobility” across quantiles of a distribution. In a
panel of Peruvian firms, we show that persistent dispersion
in marginal products is explained to an important extent by
the persistence of low marginal products. That is, by
unproductive firms that take a long time to downsize. Using
a quantitative general-equilibrium model of firm dynamics
with idiosyncratic shocks, calibrated to match key features
of our data, we argue that the persistence of low marginal
products suggests that irreversibility frictions are large.
Moreover, it is inconsistent with theories of misallocation
based only on financing constraints.},
Key = {fds355194}
}
@article{fds320598,
Author = {Hauk, E and Lanteri, A and Marcet, A},
Title = {Optimal Policy with General Signal Extraction},
Number = {230},
Pages = {64 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2021.01.002},
Abstract = {This paper studies optimal policy with partial information
in a general setup where observed signals are endogenous to
policy. In this case, signal extraction about the state of
the economy cannot be separated from the determination of
the optimal policy. We derive a non-standard first order
condition of optimality from first principles and we use it
to find numerical solutions. We show how previous results
based on linear methods, where separation or certainty
equivalence obtains, arise as special cases. We use as an
example a model of fiscal policy and show that optimal taxes
are often a very non-linear function of observed hours,
calling for tax smoothing in normal times, but for a strong
fiscal reaction to output when a recession is quite certain
and the economy is near the top of the Laffer curve or near
a debt limit.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2021.01.002},
Key = {fds320598}
}
@article{fds320600,
Author = {Lanteri, A},
Title = {The Market for Used Capital: Endogenous Irreversibility and
Reallocation Over the Business Cycle},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {108},
Number = {207},
Pages = {54 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Capital reallocation is procyclical in the data, but
countercyclical in standard business-cycle models. To solve
this puzzle, I build a model of endogenous partial
irreversibility, with heterogeneous firms facing aggregate
and idiosyncratic productivity shocks. Used investment goods
are imperfect substitutes for new ones because of firm-level
capital specificity. The price of used capital responds to
aggregate shocks, leading to equilibrium real-option effects
on investment and reallocation. The model generates
procyclical capital reallocation and procyclical price of
used capital, consistent with new industry-level evidence I
present, and provides a microfoundation for both micro and
macro capital adjustment costs.},
Key = {fds320600}
}
@article{fds326048,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Marcet, A and Hauk, E},
Title = {Optimal Policy with Endogenous Signal Extraction},
Year = {2014},
Abstract = {This paper studies optimal policy in models with
multidimensional uncertainty and endogenous observables. We
first consider a very general setup where the policy-maker
does not observe the realisations of the shocks that hit the
economy, but only some aggregate variables that are
endogenous with respect to policy, therefore standard first
order conditions do not hold. We derive first order
conditions of optimality from first principles and we
illustrate why the estimation of the state of the economy
cannot be separated from the determination of the optimal
policy. In an optimal fiscal policy application with
incomplete markets and endogenous Partial Information, we
find that the optimal policy response to aggregate data can
be quite non-linear: it calls for tax smoothing across
states in normal times, but in some cases for a strong
adjustment of fiscal positions during a slump. We show that
policies that disregard the endogeneity of the filtering
problem and hence these non-linearities can be quite wrong.
Finally, our model can rationalise the fiscal response of
some European countries to the Great Recession: a slow
reaction, followed by large deficits and a delayed sharp
fiscal adjustment that protracts the downturn.},
Key = {fds326048}
}
%% Leachman, Lori
@article{fds294342,
Author = {Leachman, L and Rosas, G and Bester, A and Lange,
P},
Title = {The Political Economy of Budget Deficits},
Journal = {Economics and Politics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {369-421},
Publisher = {Blackwell},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0954-1985},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00320.x},
Abstract = {In Leachman et al. (2005) we use the multicointegration
approach to test for sustainable fiscal budgeting processes
in a stochastic setting in 15 industrialized countries. In
this paper, we extend the analysis in order to rank these
same countries as well as an additional three, according to
the degree to which their budget processes are sustainable.
Rankings are related to theories regarding the political
economy of budget deficits. Evidence clearly indicates that
fiscal performance is better where fiscal budgeting
institutions are strong. Additionally, we find that in
conjunction with fiscal strength, greater degrees of
federalism positively affect intertemporal budget
management. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00320.x},
Key = {fds294342}
}
@article{fds294343,
Author = {Leachman, L and Bester, A and Rosas, G and Lange,
P},
Title = {Multicointegration and sustainability of fiscal
practices},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {454-466},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2076 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Using multicointegration methodology, we develop criteria
for testing sustainability of fiscal budgeting processes
across all states of nature. Criteria are derived from the
optimal control literature where levels and rates of change
of a system of variables are determinants of policy
response. The appropriate policy response mechanisms are
outlined and linked to the multicointegration methodology.
We then test government spending and revenue systems of 15
industrialized countries for the presence of such
mechanisms. We find that only Norway and the United Kingdom
exhibit policy responses that are consistent with our
criteria. © Western Economic Association
International.},
Doi = {10.1093/ei/cbi031},
Key = {fds294343}
}
@article{fds294360,
Author = {Leachman, LL and Francis, B},
Title = {Twin deficits: Apparition or reality?},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1121-1132},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840110069976},
Abstract = {This paper uses cointegration and multicointegration
analysis to explore the issue of twin deficits for the USA
in the post-World War II period. The results suggest that
prior to 1974 the systems of fiscal and foreign sector
variables exhibit multicointegration. These results do not
rule out short-run correlations between government deficits
and external deficits. However, they do preclude the
possibility that the twin deficit phenomenon describes a
long-run structural relationship in the post-World War II,
Bretton Woods era. In the more recent period, 1974 forward,
neither system exhibits evidence of multi/cointegration.
But, weak evidence of cointegration is present between
fiscal deficits and trade deficits. Error correction models
suggest that causality runs from internal to external
deficits in the dynamic adjustment process. This evidence
provides some support for the notion that more recently
fiscal deficits may have contributed to external deficits.
In combination with the results from the early sub-period,
the evidence indicates that to the extent the twin deficit
relationship exists, it is time specific and
weak.},
Doi = {10.1080/00036840110069976},
Key = {fds294360}
}
@article{fds294359,
Author = {Leachman, LL and Francis, BB},
Title = {Multicointegration analysis of the sustainability of foreign
debt},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-227},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0164-0704(00)00129-4},
Abstract = {Using the multicointegration framework suggested by Granger
and Lee (1989, 1990) and developed in Engsted, Gonzalo and
Haldrup (1997) and Haldrup (1997) this study explores the
long-run relationship between components of the U.S. current
account during two periods, 1947:i-1973:iu and
1974:i-1994:ii. The paper develops the concept of
sustainability of external imbalances in an environment that
is non-deterministic and characterized by uncertainty. The
sustainability criteria are related to multicointegration.
Evidence consistent with sustainable intertemporal external
budgeting in the fixed exchange rate era is presented. In
the post Bretton Woods period there is no support for
sustainable external budgeting. Policy issues and factors
that affect sustainability are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0164-0704(00)00129-4},
Key = {fds294359}
}
@article{fds294357,
Author = {Francis, BB and Leachman, LL},
Title = {Superexogeneity and the dynamic linkages among international
equity markets},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {475-492},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1964 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this article, we combine the Johansen procedure for
cointegration testing with tests of weak exogeneity and
invariance in order to ascertain whether a system of equity
markets is characterized by superexogeneity. Superexogeneity
is rejected for the system comprised of stock indices of the
US, UK, Germany and Japan. This finding implies that agents
participating in these financial markets are forward
looking, all markets are endogenous in our system and the
assumption of stability of the asset demand function is
questionable.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0261-5606(98)00018-7},
Key = {fds294357}
}
@article{fds294341,
Author = {Leachman, LL and Thorpe, M},
Title = {Intertemporal solvency in the small open economy of
Australia},
Journal = {Economic Record},
Volume = {74},
Number = {226},
Pages = {231-242},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1998.tb01921.x},
Abstract = {This paper employs cointegration and multicointegration
analysis to explore the issue of external solvency in the
small open economy of Australia. Results indicate that in
the fixed exchange-rate era exports and imports are
multicointegrated while in the more recent floating
exchange-rate period the series do not share a conventional
long-run equilibrium relationship. The results are
consistent with intertemporal external solvency in the early
period and insolvency more recently. Sustainability criteria
are reviewed. Indications are that low saving and investment
rates may inhibit Australia's ability to sustain persistent
external imbalances, however, recent fiscal adjustments may
work to abate this problem.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-4932.1998.tb01921.x},
Key = {fds294341}
}
@article{fds294354,
Author = {Francis, BB and Leachman, LL},
Title = {The volatility and transmission of equity returns among the
G-7 countries: The post-Bretton Woods experience},
Journal = {International Review of Applied Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {289-303},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02692179600000021},
Abstract = {This paper models the volatility of national stock market
returns of the G-7 countries using ARCH and GARCH modeling
techniques. Then, via the use of vector autoregression
analysis, the international transmission of volatility among
the countries is explored for the period between April 1973
and July 1990. Variance decompositions are calculated in
order to quantify the impacts of volatility shocks in one
market on the others. Impulse response functions are used to
inspect the dynamic responses of domestic and foreign
volatility shocks. Results indicate that volatility
transmission among the G-7 countries is the norm in the
post-Bretton Woods era. Further, we find that volatility
shocks are generally absorbed within six to nine
months.},
Doi = {10.1080/02692179600000021},
Key = {fds294354}
}
@article{fds294355,
Author = {Leachman, LL},
Title = {New evidence on the Ricardian equivalence theorem: A
multicointegration approach},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {6},
Pages = {695-704},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000368496328443},
Abstract = {This paper derives major theoretical constructs which
underlie Richardian equivalence, and using
multicointegration methodology, empirically tests whether
they bear out. Results indicate that government spending and
revenues are cointegrated. However, the cointegrating scalar
is less than one. Therefore, in order for government to obey
its intertemporal budget constraint, debt and government
revenue must be multicointegrated; they are not. Additional
evidence indicates that saving and debt may be weakly
cointegrated. The findings suggest that failure of
Richardian equivalence may be due to public rather than
private sector failure.},
Doi = {10.1080/000368496328443},
Key = {fds294355}
}
@article{fds305698,
Author = {Leachman, LL and Francis, B},
Title = {Equity market return volatility: Dynamics and transmission
among the G-7 countries},
Journal = {Global Finance Journal},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-52},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0283(96)90012-5},
Doi = {10.1016/S1044-0283(96)90012-5},
Key = {fds305698}
}
@article{fds21079,
Author = {L. Leachman and Bill Francis and Michael Thorpe and Mason
Gerety},
Title = {"Volatility Transmission in a Subset of APEC Equity
Markets"},
Pages = {195-196},
Publisher = {Proceedings from the Third Annual Conference on Global
Financial Issues},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds21079}
}
@article{fds21078,
Author = {L. Leachman and C. Paksoy and J.B. Wilkinson and J.
Hargrave},
Title = {"Does Advertising Cause Sales....or Vice Versa?" The Case of
Automobile Tires"},
Pages = {331-334},
Publisher = {1995 Proceedings, Decision Sciences Institute,
1},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds21078}
}
@article{fds294352,
Author = {Leachman, LL and Francis, B},
Title = {Long-run relations among the G-5 and G-7 equity markets:
Evidence on the Plaza and Louvre Accords},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {551-577},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(95)80083-2},
Abstract = {This paper examines the long-run relation between two
systems of equity markets in the post Bretton Woods era. In
particular, we examine whether central bank intervention as
prescribed by the Plaza and Louvre Accords impacted the
long-run relationships characterizing the system of G-5 and
G-7 equity markets, respectively. Evidence suggests that
both systems have been affected by exchange rate
intervention. Specifically, results indicate that following
each agreement the systems exhibit more cointegrating
vectors, more rapid speeds of adjustment to the long-run
equilibrium relationships and shorter half lives of
disequilibrium errors. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(95)80083-2},
Key = {fds294352}
}
@article{fds294349,
Author = {Leachman, LL},
Title = {Saving, investment, and capital mobility: A comment on
Leachman-A reply},
Journal = {Open Economies Review},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-21},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0923-7992},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01000741},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01000741},
Key = {fds294349}
}
@article{fds21083,
Author = {L. Leachman and Bill Francis},
Title = {"Equity Market Return Volatility: Dynamics and Transmission
Among the G-7 Countries"},
Pages = {135},
Publisher = {Proceedings from the First Annual Conference on Global
Financial Issues},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds21083}
}
@article{fds294346,
Author = {Leachman, LL},
Title = {Saving, investment, and capital mobility among OECD
countries},
Journal = {Open Economies Review},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {137-163},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1991},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0923-7992},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01886897},
Abstract = {Historically investigations of the international mobility of
capital have studied rates of return on similar assets
denominated in different currencies. Recently, however,
efforts directed at ascertaining the degree of international
capital mobility have examined the relationship between
domestic saving and investment rates. The first approach
assesses the mobility of groups of financial assets which
represent the existing capital stock while the latter
actually scrutinizes the mobility of new physical capital.
This paper employs the second approach in a times series
study of capital mobility among OECD countries.
Implementation of four different tests of the
saving-investment relationship suggest that physical capital
is more mobile than previous studies have indicated. © 1991
Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01886897},
Key = {fds294346}
}
@article{fds294345,
Author = {Leachman, L},
Title = {"Causality Between Investment and Savings Rates: Inferences
for the International Mobility of Capital Among OECD
Countries"},
Journal = {International Economic Journal},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {23-39},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds294345}
}
@article{fds21089,
Author = {L. Leachman},
Title = {"Manufacturing: The Charlotte Area Experience Relative to
National Trends"},
Publisher = {policy paper for Charlotte City Council and Mayor's
office},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds21089}
}
@article{fds294344,
Author = {Leachman, L},
Title = {"Predicting Residential Investment"},
Journal = {Studies in Economic Analysis},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {49-66},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds294344}
}
%% League, Riley
@article{fds367524,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Assessment of Spending for Patients Initiating Dialysis
Care.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e2239131},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>Despite a widespread belief that private
insurers spend large amounts on health care for enrollees
receiving dialysis, data limitations over the past decade
have precluded a comprehensive analysis of the
topic.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the amount and types of
increases in health care spending for privately insured
patients associated with initiating dialysis
care.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A cohort
study covering calendar years 2012 to 2019 included patients
with kidney failure who had employer-sponsored insurance for
12 months following dialysis initiation. Data analysis was
performed from August 27, 2021, to August 18, 2022. The data
cover the entirety of the US and were obtained from the
Health Care Cost Institute. The data include all medical
claims for enrollees in employer-sponsored health insurance
plans offered by multiple major health care insurers within
the US. Participants included patients younger than 65 years
who were continuously enrolled in these plans in the 12
months before and after their first claim for dialysis care.
Patients also had to have nonmissing documented key
characteristics, such as sex, race and ethnicity, and health
characteristics.<h4>Exposures</h4>A claim for dialysis
care.<h4>Main outcomes and measures</h4>Out-of-pocket,
inpatient, outpatient, physician services, prescription
medication, and total health care spending. The hypothesis
tested was formulated before data collection.<h4>Results</h4>The
sample included 309 800 enrollee-months, which was a
balanced panel of 25 months for 12 392 enrollees. At
baseline, 7534 patients (61%) were male, 5415 (44%) were
aged 55 to 64 years, and patients had been enrolled with
their insurer for a mean of 30 months (95% CI, 29.9-30.1
months). In the 12 months before initiating dialysis care,
total monthly health care spending was $5025 per patient per
month (95% CI, $4945-$5106). Dialysis care initiation was
associated with an increase in total monthly spending of
$14 685 (95% CI, $14 413-$14 957). This increase
occurred across all spending categories (dialysis,
nondialysis outpatient, inpatient, physician services, and
prescription drugs). Monthly patient out-of-pocket spending
increased by $170 (95% CI, $162-$178). These spending
increases occurred abruptly, beginning about 2 months before
dialysis initiation, and remained increased for the
subsequent 12 months.<h4>Conclusions and relevance</h4>In
this cohort study, evidence that private insurers experience
significant, sustained increases in spending when patients
initiated dialysis was noted. The findings suggest that
proposed policies aimed at limiting the amount dialysis
facilities charge private insurers and the enrollees has the
potential to reduce health care spending in this high-cost
population.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Key = {fds367524}
}
@article{fds365099,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Variability in Prices Paid for Hemodialysis by
Employer-Sponsored Insurance in the US From 2012 to
2019.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e220562},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Key = {fds365099}
}
@article{fds359703,
Author = {Fitz, DYLAN and League, R},
Title = {School, Shocks, and Safety Nets: Can Conditional Cash
Transfers Protect Human Capital Investments during Rainfall
Shocks?},
Journal = {The Journal of Development Studies},
Volume = {57},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2002-2026},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2021.1928640},
Doi = {10.1080/00220388.2021.1928640},
Key = {fds359703}
}
@article{fds349572,
Author = {Fitz, D and League, R},
Title = {The impact of early-life shocks on adult welfare in Brazil:
Questions of measurement and timing},
Journal = {Economics and Human Biology},
Volume = {37},
Pages = {100843-100843},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2019.100843},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ehb.2019.100843},
Key = {fds349572}
}
%% Lee, Kyoobok
@article{fds41954,
Title = {R&D portfolio and Productivity Growth},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds41954}
}
@article{fds41955,
Title = {Basic research and Productivity Growth},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds41955}
}
@article{fds41956,
Title = {FDI and Income inequality: the role of financial
markets},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds41956}
}
%% Leventoglu, Bahar
@article{fds371080,
Author = {Leventoğlu, B},
Title = {Bargaining power in crisis bargaining},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {825-847},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-022-00325-3},
Abstract = {A large body of game-theoretic work examines the process by
which uncertainty can lead to inefficient war. In a typical
crisis bargaining model, players negotiate according to a
pre-specified game form and no player has the ability to
change the rules of the game. However, when one of the
parties has full bargaining power and is able to set the
rules of the game on her own, the game itself becomes an
endogenous decision variable. I formulate this problem in a
principal-agent framework. I show that both the likelihood
of costly war and the exact mechanism that yields it depend
on the nature of the informational problem and the identity
of the informed player.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-022-00325-3},
Key = {fds371080}
}
@article{fds336486,
Author = {Leventoğlu, B and Metternich, NW},
Title = {Born Weak, Growing Strong: Anti-Government Protests as a
Signal of Rebel Strength in the Context of Civil
Wars},
Journal = {American Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {62},
Number = {3},
Pages = {581-596},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12356},
Abstract = {All rebel organizations start weak, but how do they grow and
achieve favorable conflict outcomes? We present a
theoretical model that allows for rebel organizations to
gain support beyond their “core” and build their
bargaining power during fighting. We highlight that rebel
organizations need to win over crucial parts of society to
generate the necessary support that allows them to attain
favorable civil conflict outcomes. We find empirical support
for the argument that low-income individuals who initially
fight the government (rebel organizations) have to convince
middle-class individuals to turn out against the government
to gain government concessions. Empirically, we demonstrate
that government concessions in the form of peace agreements
and the onset of negotiations become more likely when
protest occurs in the context of civil conflicts.},
Doi = {10.1111/ajps.12356},
Key = {fds336486}
}
@article{fds333808,
Author = {Leventoğlu, B},
Title = {Bargaining with habit formation},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {477-508},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-016-0994-z},
Abstract = {Habit formation is a well-documented behavioral regularity
in psychology and economics; however, its implications on
bargaining outcomes have so far been overlooked. I study an
otherwise standard Rubinstein bargaining model with
habit-forming players. In equilibrium, a player can
strategically exploit his opponent’s habit- forming
behavior via unilateral transfers off the equilibrium path
to generate endogenous costs and gain bargaining leverage at
no cost to himself on the equilibrium path. Uncertainty
about habit formation may lead to delay in
agreement.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-016-0994-z},
Key = {fds333808}
}
@article{fds287739,
Author = {B. Leventoglu and Epstein, D and O'Halloran, S},
Title = {Minorities and Democratization},
Journal = {Economics and Politics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {259-278},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0954-1985},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309911700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We analyze the process of democratization in a polity with
groups that are divided along ethnic as well as economic
lines. We show that: (i) the presence of ethnic minorities,
in general, makes peaceful democratic transitions less
likely; (ii) minorities suffer from discriminatory policies
less in democracies with intermediate levels of income
inequality; and (iii) in new democracies with low levels of
income inequality, politics is divided along ethnic lines,
and at greater levels of inequality economic cleavages
predominate. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.2012.00403.x},
Key = {fds287739}
}
@article{fds287740,
Author = {Leventoglu, B},
Title = {Social Mobility, Middle Class and Political
Transitions},
Journal = {Journal of Conflict Resolution},
Volume = {58},
Number = {5},
Pages = {825-864},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002713478563},
Abstract = {This article addresses the highly variable middle-class
attitudes regarding political transitions and suggests that
social mobility is a key factor conditioning its behavior.
Social mobility creates a trade-off for the middle class
between autocracy, which yields lower redistribution today,
and democracy, which guarantees higher redistribution
tomorrow. The way this trade-off is resolved impacts
middle-class attitudes toward democratic transitions. Even
when the middle class prefers lower redistribution levels
under autocracy today, the middle class may prefer democracy
today to guarantee higher levels of redistribution in the
future, if it feels vulnerable about its future
prospects.},
Doi = {10.1177/0022002713478563},
Key = {fds287740}
}
@article{fds287741,
Author = {B. Leventoglu and Tarar, A and Leventoglu, B},
Title = {Limited Audience Costs in International Crises},
Journal = {Journal of Conflict Resolution},
Volume = {57},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1065-1089},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002712459713},
Abstract = {Do audience costs have to be extremely large in order to
credibly signal resolve and affect international crises?
Existing theoretical work on audience costs suggests an
affirmative answer, and recent empirical work on audience
costs focuses on whether a leader can generate such large
audience costs as to create a commitment to fight where no
such commitment previously existed. We analyze a richer
crisis bargaining model with audience costs and find that
(1) audience costs can have war-reducing effects on
incomplete-information crisis bargaining through a
noninformative, bargaining-leverage mechanism and (2)
audience costs can have war-reducing effects even when such
large audience costs are not being generated as to create a
commitment to fight where no such commitment previously
existed. Even more limited audience costs can have
war-reducing effects in international crises. We discuss how
the bargaining-leverage mechanism is consistent with a
number of prominent historical cases. © The Author(s)
2012.},
Doi = {10.1177/0022002712459713},
Key = {fds287741}
}
@article{fds287742,
Author = {Tarar, A and Leventoǧlu, B},
Title = {Public commitment in crisis bargaining},
Journal = {International Studies Quarterly},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {817-839},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0020-8833},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000269679000012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The "audience cost" literature argues that highly-resolved
leaders can use public threats to credibly signal their
resolve in incomplete-information crisis bargaining, thereby
overcoming informational asymmetries that lead to war. If
democracies are better able to generate audience costs, then
audience costs help explain the democratic peace. We use a
game-theoretic model to show how public commitments can be
used coercively as a source of bargaining leverage, even in
a complete-information setting in which they have no
signaling role. When both sides use public commitments for
bargaining leverage, war becomes an equilibrium outcome. The
results provide a rationale for secret negotiations as well
as hypotheses about when leaders will claim that the
disputed good is indivisible, recognized as a rationalist
explanation for war. Claims of indivisibility may just be
bargaining tactics to get the other side to make big
concessions, and compromise is still possible in
equilibrium. © 2009 International Studies
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00557.x},
Key = {fds287742}
}
@article{fds287743,
Author = {Leventoğlu, B and Tarar, A},
Title = {Does Private Information Lead to Delay or War in Crisis
Bargaining?*},
Journal = {International Studies Quarterly},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {533-553},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0020-8833},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000258289600005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2478.2007.00514.x},
Key = {fds287743}
}
@article{fds287744,
Author = {Leventoǧlu, B and Slantchev, BL},
Title = {The armed peace: A punctuated equilibrium theory of
war},
Journal = {American Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {755-771},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0092-5853},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000249923300004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {According to a leading rationalist explanation, war can
break out when a large, rapid shift of power causes a
credible commitment problem. This mechanism does not specify
how inefficient fighting can resolve this cause, so it is an
incomplete explanation of war. We present a complete
information model of war as a sequence of battles and show
that although opportunities for a negotiated settlement
arise throughout, the very desirability of peace creates a
commitment problem that undermines its likelihood. Because
players have incentives to settle as soon as possible, they
cannot credibly threaten to fight long enough if an opponent
launches a surprise attack. This decreases the expected
duration and costs of war and causes mutual deterrence to
fail. Fighting's destructiveness improves the credibility of
these threats by decreasing the benefits from continuing the
war and can eventually lead to peace. In equilibrium players
can only terminate war at specific windows of opportunity
and fighting results in escalating costs that can leave both
players worse off at the time peace is negotiated than a
full concession would have before the war began. © 2007,
Midwest Political Science Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00279.x},
Key = {fds287744}
}
@article{fds287745,
Author = {Leventoǧlu, B},
Title = {Social mobility and political transitions},
Journal = {Journal of Theoretical Politics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {465-496},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0951-6298},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000232470400004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {I address the role of social mobility in political
transitions. I develop a political economy model of regime
transitions that incorporates social mobility as a key
feature of the economy capturing the political attitudes
toward redistribution. I show that social mobility
facilitates democratization by reducing the conflict over
redistribution between the rich and the poor. Furthermore,
it facilitates democratic consolidation by reducing the
likelihood of a coup under democracy. On the other hand,
social mobility helps to keep an authoritarian regime stable
by reducing the likelihood of mass movements against
political elites. Copyright © 2005 Sage
Publications.},
Doi = {10.1177/0951629805056897},
Key = {fds287745}
}
@article{fds287746,
Author = {Leventoǧlu, B and Tarar, A},
Title = {Prenegotiation public commitment in domestic and
international bargaining},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {99},
Number = {3},
Pages = {419-433},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-0554},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000231547800008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We use a formal bargaining model to examine why, in many
domestic and international bargaining situations, one or
both negotiators make public statements in front of their
constituents committing themselves to obtaining certain
benefits in the negotiations. We find that making public
commitments provides bargaining leverage, when backing down
from such commitments carries domestic political costs.
However, when the two negotiators face fairly similar costs
for violating a public commitment, a prisoner's dilemma is
created in which both sides make high public demands which
cannot be satisfied, and both negotiators would be better
off if they could commit to not making public demands.
However, making a public demand is a dominant strategy for
each negotiator, and this leads to a suboptimal outcome.
Escaping this prisoner's dilemma provides a rationale for
secret negotiations. Testable hypotheses are derived from
the nature of the commitments and agreements made in
equilibrium.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0003055405051750},
Key = {fds287746}
}
%% Levkin, Roman
@article{fds224573,
Author = {Roman Levkin},
Title = {The Effect of Stalin's Deportations on Distrust in Central
Authority},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2484925},
Key = {fds224573}
}
%% Lewis, Tracy R.
@article{fds363208,
Author = {Huntingford, S and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Our lives, the messy PAR projects},
Journal = {Educational Action Research},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {124-139},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2020.1803940},
Abstract = {Please join us on this learning romp, which includes
anarchists, discomfort, flying projectiles, Ministries of
Truth, anger, and naked emperors. This paper is an example
of, and a reflection on, the praxis of Participatory Action
Research as a way of life. It is the result of a reflective
conversation between two researchers. We got together in
order to reflect on the superpowers that we bring to our
research. We explore three superpowers that we have in
common: unstoppable curiosity, willingness to dissent, and
leveling up. Drawing upon our experience as co-researchers,
we explore the implications of asking who decides when we
qualify as researchers. Reflecting about our research
superpowers helps us to sustain our relationship, and engage
in further shared cycles of reflection and
action.},
Doi = {10.1080/09650792.2020.1803940},
Key = {fds363208}
}
@article{fds349206,
Author = {Lewis, T and Schwartz, A},
Title = {Unenforceable securitization contracts},
Journal = {Yale Journal on Regulation},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164-218},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {A "portfolio" here is a bundled set of contracts. In this
Article, we address a commercially important example, where
a local bank finances home purchases. The bank bundles the
resultant contracts-the mortgage-backed securities
(MBS)-into a portfolio, which it then sells to a firm,
denoted an "originator. " The originator buys portfolios
from several local banks and sells the portfolios to a large
bank, which markets the portfolios to public-investment
vehicles, such as trusts. "Portfolio contracts" govern each
of these sales. Copyrights},
Key = {fds349206}
}
@article{fds346439,
Author = {Liu, F and Lewis, TR and Song, JS and Kuribko, N},
Title = {Long-term partnership for achieving efficient capacity
allocation},
Journal = {Operations Research},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {984-1001},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2019.1878},
Abstract = {We consider a capacity provider and a group of independent
buyers who partner to share a scarce but expensive-to-build
capacity over a finite horizon under privately informed
demand conditions. At the beginning of the time horizon, the
capacity provider must invest in building capacity; all
members may invest in increasing their own and possibly
other members'market sizes. Then eachmemberobserves
andupdates itsprivate, history-dependent demand information
over time. Because the value of the capacity to each member
is highly uncertainwhen investment ismade, achieving the
first-best outcome while sustaining under a dynamic
environment is challenging for the partnership.We address
this issue by proposing a multiperiod membership-type
agreement (referred to as the Agreement) as a series of
singleperiod contractswith flexible terms that are
renegotiated each period. TheAgreement enforces ex post
efficient capacity allocation and ex ante efficient
investment. The set of interpartner transfers in the
Agreement makes each member a residual claimant to the
surplus it creates, and hence induces truthful demand
reports. This contract is also budget balanced and
voluntary. In doing so, we develop a new solution concept
for dynamic collective action mechanisms.},
Doi = {10.1287/opre.2019.1878},
Key = {fds346439}
}
@misc{fds357939,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DM},
Title = {Procurement and quality monitoring},
Pages = {61-76},
Booktitle = {Incentives in Procurement Contracting},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0813385660},
Abstract = {There are a host of institutional problems that hinder the
government’s procurement of weapons systems. For example,
as Fox (1988) points out, interservice rivalry, the
uncertain funding environment, the short tenure of program
managers, limited continuity in Pentagon management, and
excessive congressional oversight of major weapons
acquisitions are all important obstacles to efficient
procurement policy.},
Key = {fds357939}
}
@article{fds324785,
Author = {Chen, Q and Lewis, TR and Schipper, K and Zhang, Y},
Title = {Uniform Versus Discretionary Regimes in Reporting
Information with Unverifiable Precision and a Coordination
Role},
Journal = {Journal of Accounting Research},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {153-196},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12130},
Abstract = {We examine uniform and discretionary regimes for reporting
information about firm performance from the perspective of a
standard setter, in a setting where the precision of
reported information is difficult to verify and the reported
information can help coordinate decisions by users of the
information. The standard setter's task is to choose a
reporting regime to maximize the expected decision value of
reported information for all users at all firms. The uniform
regime requires all firms to report using the same set of
reporting methods regardless of the precision of their
information, and the discretionary regime allows firms to
freely condition their sets of reporting methods on the
precision of their information. We show that when
unverifiable information precision varies across firms and
users' decisions based on reported information have strong
strategic complementarities, a uniform regime can have a
beneficial social effect as compared to a discretionary
reporting regime. Our analysis generates both normative and
positive implications for evaluating the necessity and
effectiveness of reporting under standards.},
Doi = {10.1111/1475-679X.12130},
Key = {fds324785}
}
@article{fds323529,
Author = {Boleslavsky, R and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Evolving influence: Mitigating extreme conflicts of interest
in advisory relationships},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {98},
Pages = {110-134},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2016.05.005},
Abstract = {An advocate for a special interest provides advice to a
planner, who subsequently makes a sequence of decisions. The
advocate is interested only in advancing his cause and will
distort his advice to manipulate the planner's choices. Each
time she acts the planner observes the result, providing a
signal that corroborates or contradicts the advocate's
recommendation. Without commitment, no influential
communication takes place. With commitment, the planner can
exploit the information that is revealed over time to
mitigate the advocate's incentive to lie. We derive the
optimal mechanism for eliciting advice, characterizing the
evolution of the advocate's influence. We also consider
costly information acquisition, the use of transfers, and a
noisy private signal.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2016.05.005},
Key = {fds323529}
}
@article{fds323530,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Schwartz, A},
Title = {Pay for Play: A Theory of Hybrid Relationships},
Journal = {American Law and Economics Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {462-494},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahv012},
Abstract = {Numerous "arrangements," such as hybrids, alliances, joint
ventures, are formed with the goal of creating a new
product, such as a new drug or software application.
Arrangements commonly require parties to make sunk-cost
investments that the arrangement partner cannot observe, to
disclose private information, and to make financing
commitments. The requirements of efficient
contracting-individual rationality, incentive compatibility,
and budget balance-are difficult to satisfy in arrangement
contexts, so that, as the literature suggests, parties' best
response is to formfirms. We show, in contrast, that
flexible and efficient contracting is possible for
arrangements. With the arrival of new information, each
party is asked to "pay-to -play" which requires the firms to
agree to future terms of exchange that are mutually
beneficial. When properly negotiated, these payments to play
support the efficientmultistage joint development of the new
product, with hybrid relationships that are governed by
conventional control rights and legal enforcement.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahv012},
Key = {fds323530}
}
@article{fds266987,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {A theory of delegated search for the best
alternative},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {391-416},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2171.2012.00179.x},
Abstract = {Searching for the best worker, a reliable supply
alternative, or the most profitable investment is frequently
delegated to an agent. This article develops a theory of
delegated search. We show that the principal's ability to
delegate depends on the agent's luck, her initial resources,
and the contract that governs her search. With moral hazard,
the optimal contract is characterized by performance
deadlines with bonuses for early completion. If performance
cannot be specified, the optimal search is implemented by an
option-to-buy contract for the principal. If performance is
partially specified, the optimal contract is a standard
pay-for-performance arrangement. © 2012,
RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1756-2171.2012.00179.x},
Key = {fds266987}
}
@article{fds266940,
Author = {Grabowski, H and Lewis, T and Guha, R and Ivanova, Z and Salgado, M and Woodhouse, S},
Title = {Does generic entry always increase consumer
welfare?},
Journal = {Food and Drug Law Journal},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {373-ii},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1064-590X},
Abstract = {This article examines how the nature of competition between
brands in a therapeutic category changes after generic entry
and provide a framework for analyzing the effect of generic
entry on consumer welfare that takes into account the
generic free riding problem. It demonstrates that changes in
competition along dimensions other than retail price--such
as competition in research and development efforts and in
promotional activities--may, in certain situations, result
in generic entry having an overall negative impact on
consumer welfare.},
Key = {fds266940}
}
@article{fds266988,
Author = {Anton, J and Biglaiser, G and Lewis, T},
Title = {Inventory in vertical relationships with private information
and interdependent values},
Journal = {International Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-63},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1742-7355},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7363.2010.00153.x},
Abstract = {We study the use of inventory when a distributor is better
informed about demand than a manufacturer. We find that when
distributor and manufacturer values are interdependent it is
optimal to endow the distributor with some inventory before
it obtains its private information. We characterize the
final allocation of the good and show that the distributor
may have too few (many) units relative to the efficient
allocation when demand is high (low). ©
IAET.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1742-7363.2010.00153.x},
Key = {fds266988}
}
@article{fds266985,
Author = {Che, YK and Kim, J and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Do breakup fees lead to efficient takeover?},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {108},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-54},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2010.04.016},
Abstract = {We examine the use of breakup fees as a device for target
firms to recruit white knights in response to a hostile
takeover bid. When bidders have interdependent valuations of
the target, the possible use of a breakup fee to subsidize
entry of a subsequent bidder overdisciplines the initial
bidder's preemption and results in excessive entry by a
second bidder. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2010.04.016},
Key = {fds266985}
}
@article{fds313476,
Author = {Heaney, C and Carbone, J and Gold, ER and Bubela, T and Holman, CM and Colaianni, A and Lewis, TR and Cook-Deegan, B},
Title = {The Perils of Taking Property Too Far},
Journal = {Stanford Journal of Law, Science and Policy},
Volume = {46},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Many policies governing biobanks revolve around ownership
and control of the materials and information in them. Those
who manage biobanks may be tempted to seek the broadest
legal rights possible over material and data. However, we
suggest that even if ownership and control were clearly
defined by the law and readily obtained by biobanks, how
legal rights are used in practice matters as much or more
than the rules for ownership. We draw lessons from the
stories of genetic testing for Canavan disease and inherited
breast and ovarian cancers. In both cases, the use or
assertion of legal rights led to preventable controversy and
suboptimal outcomes. The attempt to acquire and exercise
intellectual property rights antagonized and alienated
stakeholders, whom we define broadly to include the donors,
patients, doctors, research institutions, health care
providers, governments, and citizens with an interest in
research and its outcomes. By analogy, even if biobanks
could acquire expansive and clear property rights over
materials and data, biobanks that want to maintain
productive relationships with stakeholders must not lose the
trust of those who contribute material or others with an
interest in research.},
Key = {fds313476}
}
@article{fds266986,
Author = {Che, YK and Lewis, TR},
Title = {The role of lockups in takeover contests},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {648-669},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00105.x},
Abstract = {We examine breakup fees and stock lockups as devices for
prospective target firms to encourage bidder participation
in takeover contests. Unless bidding costs for the first
bidder are too high, breakup fees provide for the socially
desirable degree of competition and ensure the efficient
allocation of the target to the highest-valued buyer in a
takeover auction. In contrast, stock lockups permit the
target firm to subsidize entry of a new bidder at the
expense of an incumbent bidder. Stock lockups induce too
much competition when offered to a second bidder and too
little competition when offered to a first bidder. Despite
their socially wasteful properties, target management would
favor stock lockups, as they induce takeover competition at
least cost to the target. Copyright ©2007,
RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00105.x},
Key = {fds266986}
}
@article{fds266984,
Author = {Reichman, J and Lewis, T and So, A},
Title = {The Case for Public Funding and Public Oversight of Clinical
Trials},
Journal = {Economists Voice},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1553-3832},
Key = {fds266984}
}
@article{fds266983,
Author = {Dai, C and Lewis, TR and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Delegating management to experts},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {503-520},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00028.x},
Abstract = {Owners of property and assets frequently delegate decisions
about operating and maintaining their property to managers
who are better informed about local market conditions. We
analyze how owners optimally contract with managers who vary
in their expertise at prescribing service. We show that the
most expert managers offer the greatest variation in
operating recommendations. Owners benefit from dealing with
experts provided they contract sequentially, whereby terms
are negotiated gradually as the manager acquires
information. Copyright © 2006, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00028.x},
Key = {fds266983}
}
@article{fds266981,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Managing switching costs in multiperiod procurements with
strategic buyers},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1233-1269},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2005.00366.x},
Abstract = {This article examines the use of switching costs by
long-lived strategic buyers to manage dynamic competition
between rival suppliers. The analysis reveals how buyers may
employ switching costs to their advantage. We show that when
switching costs are high, a buyer may induce suppliers to
price more competitively by credibly threatening to replace
the incumbent supplier with his rivals. The implications of
this finding for adoption of technology and firm
organization are explored in settings in which the buyer is
integrated with the suppliers and where the buyer is an
outsourcer.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2005.00366.x},
Key = {fds266981}
}
@article{fds266980,
Author = {Hadlock, CJ and Lewis, T},
Title = {Bargaining when Exchange Affects the Value of Future
Trade},
Journal = {Journal of Economics
Management Strategy},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {557-589},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105864003322538956},
Abstract = {We examine bargaining in a dynamic context where exchange
between two parties affects the potential surplus from
future trade. In this setting traders negotiate current
contracts anticipating the impact of their agreement on
future exchanges. We show that in growing environments these
dynamic considerations will often ameliorate bargaining
inefficiencies associated with private information and
facilitate exchange as both parties cooperate to nurture the
relationship. In contrast, we find that in declining
environments dynamic considerations will often exacerbate
bargaining inefficiencies and hinder trade, as both parties
are hesitant to let the relationship mature. These findings
have implications for preferences to form long-lived
relationships.},
Doi = {10.1162/105864003322538956},
Key = {fds266980}
}
@article{fds266982,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Managing dynamic competition},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {4},
Pages = {779-797},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1737 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In many important high-technology markets, including
software development, data processing, communications,
aeronautics, and defense, suppliers learn through experience
how to provide better service at lower cost. This paper
examines how a buyer designs dynamic competition among rival
suppliers to exploit learning economies while minimizing the
costs of becoming locked in to one producer. Strategies for
controlling dynamic competition include the handicapping of
more efficient suppliers in procurement competitions, the
protection and allocation of intellectual property, and the
sharing of information among rival suppliers. (JEL C73, D44,
L10).},
Doi = {10.1257/00028280260344461},
Key = {fds266982}
}
@article{fds266978,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Learning by doing and dynamic regulation},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22-36},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2696373},
Abstract = {From experience, regulated monopolists learn to employ
cost-reducing innovations. We characterize the optimal
regulation of an innovating monopolist with unknown costs.
Regulatory policy is designed to minimize current costs of
service while encouraging development of cost-saving
innovations. We find that under optimal regulation, (i)
innovation is encouraged by light-handed regulation allowing
the monopolist to earn greater information rents while
providing greater service, (ii) innovation occurs in the
absence of long-term agreements when private information is
recurring, and (iii) innovation is more rapid in a durable
franchise, and the regulator prefers durable franchises for
exploiting learning economies.},
Doi = {10.2307/2696373},
Key = {fds266978}
}
@article{fds313474,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {How Liable Should a Lender Be? The Case of Judgment-Proof
Firms and Environmental Risk: Comment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {3},
Pages = {724-730},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.3.724},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.91.3.724},
Key = {fds313474}
}
@article{fds313475,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Optimal Contracting with Private Knowledge of Wealth and
Ability},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-44},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-937x.00158},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-937x.00158},
Key = {fds313475}
}
@article{fds266976,
Author = {Boyer, M and Lewis, TR and Liu, WL},
Title = {Setting standards for credible compliance and law
enforcement},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-340},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0008-4085.00018},
Abstract = {In this paper we examine the setting of optimal legal
standards to simultaneously induce parties to invest in care
and to motivate law enforcers to detect violators of the
law. The strategic interaction between care providers and
law enforcers determines the degree of efficiency achieved
by the standards. Our principal finding is that some
divergence between the marginal benefits and marginal costs
of providing care is required to control enforcement costs.
Further, the setting of standards may effectively substitute
for the setting of fines when penalties for violation are
fixed. In particular, maximal fines may be welfare reducing
when standards are set optimally. © Canadian Economics
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/0008-4085.00018},
Key = {fds266976}
}
@article{fds266977,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Contracting with wealth-constrained agents},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {743-767},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2354.00082},
Abstract = {We examine how a project owner optimally selects a project
operator and motivates him to deliver an essential
noncontractible input (e.g., effort) when potential
operators are privately informed about their limited wealth.
Truthful revelation of wealth is induced by promising a
higher probability of operation and, if necessary, a greater
share of realized profit the larger the nonrefundable bond
that a potential operator posts. The project owner benefits
when total wealth is widely dispersed among potential
operators. Under plausible conditions, limited knowledge of
wealth is not constraining for the project
owner.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-2354.00082},
Key = {fds266977}
}
@article{fds266979,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Motivating wealth-constrained actors},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {90},
Number = {4},
Pages = {944-960},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2097 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine how owners of productive resources (e.g., public
enterprises or financial capital) optimally allocate their
resources among wealth-constrained operators of unknown
ability. Optimal allocations exhibit: (1) shared enterprise
profit - the resource owner always shares the operator's
profit; (2) dispersed enterprise ownership -resources are
widely distributed among operators of varying ability; (3)
limited benefits of competition - the owner may not benefit
from increased competition for the resource; and, sometimes,
(4) diluted incentives for the most capable - more capable
operators receive smaller shares of the returns they
generate. Implications for privatizations and venture
capital arrangements are explored. (JEL D82, D44,
D20).},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.90.4.944},
Key = {fds266979}
}
@article{fds266972,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Access pricing with unregulated downstream
competition},
Journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-100},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6245(99)00004-9},
Abstract = {We examine the optimal design of access tariffs when
downstream competition is unregulated but imperfect, and
when the regulator is uncertain about the production costs
of an unregulated competitor. We show: (1) the regulator
optimally sets access prices so as to tilt the playing field
in the direction of the more efficient producer, rather than
level the playing field as is often advocated in policy
debates; (2) the optimal degree of regulatory intervention
declines as downstream competition becomes more pronounced;
and (3) the regulator optimally reveals to the incumbent
supplier any information that arrives about the competitor's
production costs. © Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0167-6245(99)00004-9},
Key = {fds266972}
}
@article{fds266973,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Using decoupling and deep pockets to mitigate judgment-proof
problems},
Journal = {International Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-293},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8188(99)00009-5},
Abstract = {We examine gow financial penalties for social damages can be
structured to mitigate judgment-proof problems. These
problems occur when a producer has insufficient wealth to
compensate victims for the most serious damages that can
arise from his activities. We demonstrate that a policy in
which assessed penalties are decoupled from realized damages
generally generates greater social surplus than does a
policy of compensatory damages. We also show that a lender's
deep pockets can generally be employed to mitigate
judgment-proof problems, despite recent suggestions to the
contrary in the literature. © 1999 Elsevier Science
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0144-8188(99)00009-5},
Key = {fds266973}
}
@article{fds266974,
Author = {Demski, JS and Lewis, TR and Yao, D and Yildirim,
H},
Title = {Practices for managing information flows within
organizations},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-131},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/15.1.107},
Abstract = {Firm organization determines how coworkers communicate and
how information flows within the firm. Banking, accounting,
consulting, and legal firms process proprietary information
which their clients wish to protect. The firm's ability to
safeguard and manage information determines its market
demand. Yet employees may leak and otherwise abuse
information to enhance their personal performance and
wealth. This article analyzes how bureaucracies are erected
within the firm to control information flows and protect
cleints.},
Doi = {10.1093/jleo/15.1.107},
Key = {fds266974}
}
@article{fds266975,
Author = {Sappington, DEM and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Using subjective risk adjusting to prevent patient dumping
in the health care industry},
Journal = {Journal of Economics |
Management Strategy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {351-382},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105864099567695},
Abstract = {We examine how to procure health care services at minimum
cost while preventing suppliers from refusing to care for
high-cost patients. A single risk-adjusted prospective
payment is optimal only when it is particularly costly for
the supplier to discover likely treatment costs. Cost
sharing is optimal when these screening costs are somewhat
smaller. When screening costs are sufficiently small,
screening is optimally accommodated and subjective risk
adjusting is implemented. Under subjective risk adjusting,
the supplier classifies patients according to his personal
assessment of likely treatment costs, and payments are
structured accordingly. Optimal procurement policies are
contrasted with prevailing industry policies.},
Doi = {10.1162/105864099567695},
Key = {fds266975}
}
@article{fds266969,
Author = {Lewis, T and Poitevin, M},
Title = {Disclosure of information in regulatory proceedings},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-73},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023382},
Abstract = {This article examines how different rules for presentation
of evidence affect verdicts in regulatory hearings and
examines the welfare and efficiency properties these
procedures exhibit. The hearing is modeled as a game of
imperfect information in which the respondent is privately
informed about the validity of his case. The respondent may
present evidence to support his case. The commission
observes whether the respondent presents evidence and
observes the nature of the evidence presented to update its
beliefs about the validity of the case. Based on these
beliefs and the standard of proof, the commission decides
whether the respondent's application should be accepted or
rejected. The sequential equilibria of this game are
examined for their implications regarding (i) the impact of
information accuracy and disclosure costs on the outcome of
the hearing and the welfare of the respondent, and (ii) how
the burden of proof undertaken by the respondent to prove
his case is affected by disclosure costs and the information
accuracy.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023382},
Key = {fds266969}
}
@article{fds266970,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Penalizing success in dynamic incentive contracts: No good
deed goes unpunished?},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {346-358},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555809},
Abstract = {We examine optimal dynamic incentive contracts when adverse
selection and moral hazard problems are present. We find
that early success is optimally penalized in the sense that
the agent who succeeds early subsequently faces a
lower-powered incentive contract. Penalizing success in this
manner serves to limit the agent's initial incentive to
understate his ability.},
Doi = {10.2307/2555809},
Key = {fds266970}
}
@article{fds266971,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Information management in incentive problems},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {105},
Number = {4},
Pages = {796-821},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1982 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We extend the standard procurement model to examine how an
agent is optimally induced to acquire valuable planning
information before he chooses an unobservable level of
cost-reducing effort. Concerns about information acquisition
cause important changes in standard incentive contracts.
Reward structures with extreme financial payoffs arise, and
super-high-powered contracts are coupled with contracts that
entail pronounced cost sharing. However, if the principal
can assign the planning and production tasks to two
different agents, then all contracting distortions disappear
and, except for forgone economies of scope, the principal
achieves her most preferred outcome.},
Doi = {10.1086/262094},
Key = {fds266971}
}
@article{fds266968,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Protecting the environment when costs and benefits are
privately known},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {819-847},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2068 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {I analyze different approaches for protecting the
environment when stakeholders are privately informed about
the costs and benefits of pollution reduction. The presence
of asymmetric information calls for some important
departures from the textbook prescriptions of marketable
permits and emission taxes for controlling pollution. For
instance, it may no longer be optimal to equate the social
marginal benefits to the marginal cost of cleanup in
determining appropriate abatement levels. I conclude this
review with some suggestions for future research in this
area.},
Doi = {10.2307/2555884},
Key = {fds266968}
}
@article{fds266964,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Insurance, adverse selection, and cream-skimming},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {327-358},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1995.1012},
Abstract = {We examine optimal insurance policies in a setting where
some individuals are perfectly informed about the benefits
they would receive under any proposed plan, and others share
the insurance provider’s imperfect knowledge about likely
benefits. The optimal insurance policy is shown to take on a
particularly simple linear form, providing full insurance
for the smallest and largest wealth realizations, and no
insurance for a range of intermediate wealth realizations.
This basic form of the optimal insurance policy persists in
dynamic settings and those with endogenous information
acquisition. Journal of Economic Literature Classification
Numbers: D31, D82, H50. © 1995 Academic Press,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.1995.1012},
Key = {fds266964}
}
@article{fds266965,
Author = {Blair, BF and Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Simple regulatory policies in the presence of demand and
cost uncertainty},
Journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-73},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-6245},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6245(94)00030-A},
Abstract = {We analyze the design of regulatory policy in the presence
of demand uncertainty when the regulated firm has superior
knowledge of its cost structure. The presence of demand
uncertainty introduces important new considerations for the
regulator. We show that by limiting the regulated firm's
obligation to serve and by protecting the firm against
stranded investment, the regulator can enhance consumer
welfare relative to the case where the regulator can only
set a single price for the regulated product before demand
is realized. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6245(94)00030-A},
Key = {fds266965}
}
@article{fds266966,
Author = {Dinopoulos, E and Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Optimal industrial targeting with unknown
learning-by-doing},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {275-295},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1956 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine a government's optimal targeting policy when it
has limited information about the learning curves of
domestic producers. Popular arguments suggest that in order
to promote learning-by-doing, the government might want to
protect domestic producers from foreign competition by
temporarily closing the domestic market to foreign
producers. We identify a set of conditions under which such
trade intervention is not optimal. Instead, domestic welfare
is better fostered either by no government intervention, or
by providing subsidies to the most capable domestic
producers who are willing to set a particularly low domestic
price for their product. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(94)01349-W},
Key = {fds266966}
}
@article{fds266967,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Using markets to allocate pollution permits and other scarce
resource rights under limited information},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {431-455},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)80005-T},
Abstract = {We consider the design of government policy to ration such
scarce resources as water or pollution permits in the
presence of limited information. When government policy is
formulated, some informed agents (e.g. established public
utilities) know how highly they value the resource. Other
uninformed agents (e.g. potential independent power
producers) only learn their valuations at some later date.
The government allows uninformed agents to trade the
resource rights they receive on a competitive market.
Informed agents may or may not have the same privilege. The
optimal initial distribution of resource rights differs
significantly according to whether informed agents can trade
the rights they receive. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(95)80005-T},
Key = {fds266967}
}
@article{fds340265,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Optimal capital structure in agency relationships},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {343-361},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555992},
Abstract = {We analyze the optimal design of capital structure in agency
relationships. When a risk-averse principal controls the
agent's capital structure, she awards a larger equity stake
to outsiders the smaller the agent's productivity. When she
controls both the timing and the terms of the agent's
financing, the principal shifts to equityholders all risk
associated with stochastic production and with the agent's
unknown productivity. When the principal dictates only the
terms of financing, only the former risk is borne by
equityholders. When the principal is sufficiently averse to
risk, she affords the agent no choice among incentive
schemes.},
Doi = {10.2307/2555992},
Key = {fds340265}
}
@article{fds313472,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yao, D},
Title = {Some Reflections on Antitrust Treatment of Intellectual
Property},
Journal = {Antitrust Law Journal},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {603-619},
Publisher = {American Bar Association},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0003-6056},
Key = {fds313472}
}
@article{fds313473,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Supplying Information to Facilitate Price
Discrimination},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {275-295},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {1468-2354},
Key = {fds313473}
}
@article{fds266962,
Author = {Brown, DT and Lewis, TR and Ryngaert, MD},
Title = {The real debate over purchased power},
Journal = {The Electricity Journal},
Volume = {7},
Number = {7},
Pages = {61-73},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1040-6190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6190(94)90305-0},
Abstract = {Which is riskier - building plants or buying power? Which is
more cost effective? There's no simple answer, but
regulators can help make the playing field level by taking
account of how demand risk is borne in buy and build
settings. The best alternative may be to let utility
affiliates bid on home turf. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/1040-6190(94)90305-0},
Key = {fds266962}
}
@article{fds266963,
Author = {Feenstra, RC and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Trade adjustment assistance and Pareto gains from
trade},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {201-222},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(94)90001-9},
Abstract = {In a model where all factors of production are imperfectly
mobile, we argue that the Dixit-Norman scheme of commodity
taxes may not lead to strict Pareto gains from trade.
Rather, this scheme must be augmented by policies that give
factors an incentive to move between industries: hence, the
role for trade adjustment assistance. By offering an
adjustment subsidy to all individuals wiling to move, and
also using the Dixit-Norman pattern of commodity taxes, the
government can implement Pareto gains from trade under the
condition we identify. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(94)90001-9},
Key = {fds266963}
}
@article{fds340266,
Author = {Blair, BF and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Optimal retail contracts with asymmetric information and
moral hazard},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {284-296},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555831},
Abstract = {Constrained joint-profit-maximizing retail contracts are
derived when the dealer is privately informed about demand
conditions before contracting with the manufacturer. Demand
is increased by dealer promotion, which is unobservable by
the manufacturer. Consequently, the manufacturer does not
know whether to attribute a low level of sales to a decline
in demand or to a lack of promotion. We show that, in
general, the optimal contract exhibits some form of resale
price maintenance and quantity fixing. The type of resale
price maintenance and quantity fixing depends on how price
and quantity affect the link between sales and
promotion.},
Doi = {10.2307/2555831},
Key = {fds340266}
}
@article{fds313471,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Regulating Power: The Economics of Electricity in the
Information Age - Pechman, C},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1266-1267},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds313471}
}
@article{fds266961,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Ignorance in agency problems},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-183},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1993.1064},
Abstract = {We extend the standard agency model of adverse selection to
incorporate the possibility that the agent may be ignorant,
i.e., know no more about a critical parameter than does the
principal. Ignorance introduces a discontinuity, pooling,
and particularly severe output distortions into the optimal
incentive contract. Journal of Economic Literature
Classification Numbers: C79, D82. © 1993 by Academic Press,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.1993.1064},
Key = {fds266961}
}
@article{fds313537,
Author = {GIAMMARINO, RM and LEWIS, TR and SAPPINGTON, DEM},
Title = {An Incentive Approach to Banking Regulation},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1523-1542},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04766.x},
Abstract = {We examine the optimal design of a risk‐adjusted deposit
insurance scheme when the regulator has less information
than the bank about the inherent risk of the bank's assets
(adverse selection), and when the regulator is unable to
monitor the extent to which bank resources are being
directed away from normal operations toward activities that
lower asset quality (moral hazard). Under a socially optimal
insurance scheme: (1) asset quality is below the
first‐best level, (2) higher‐quality banks have larger
asset bases and face lower capital adequacy requirements
than lower‐quality banks, and (3) the probability of
failure is equated across banks. 1993 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04766.x},
Key = {fds313537}
}
@article{fds313536,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Choosing Workers' Qualifications: No Experience
Necessary?},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {479-502},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {1468-2354},
Key = {fds313536}
}
@article{fds313535,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Incentives for Conservation and Quality-Improvement by
Public Utilities},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1321-1340},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313535}
}
@article{fds313532,
Author = {Feenstra, RC and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Negotiated Trade Restrictions with Private Political
Pressure},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {106},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1287-1307},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2937965},
Doi = {10.2307/2937965},
Key = {fds313532}
}
@article{fds266960,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {All-or-nothing information control},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-113},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(91)90116-3},
Abstract = {We examine an extension of the standard agency model in
which the principal can choose the probability (p) with
which the agent receives perfect private state information.
A simple argument reveals that the principal will always set
p at zero or at unity. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(91)90116-3},
Key = {fds266960}
}
@article{fds313531,
Author = {Feenstra, RC and Lewis, TR},
Title = {DISTRIBUTING THE GAINS FROM TRADE WITH INCOMPLETE
INFORMATION},
Journal = {Economics & Politics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-39},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-1985},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.1991.tb00037.x},
Abstract = {We argue that the incomplete information which the
government has about domestic agents means that tariffs
become an optimal instrument to protect them from import
competition. Using a model where agents have private
information about their endowments, we solve for the optimal
government policy subject to the political constraint of
ensuring Pareto gains from trade, the incentive
compatibility constraint, and the government's budget
constraint. We find that the optimal policy takes the form
of nonlinear tariffs. These tariffs are never complete, in
the sense of bringing prices back to their initial level,
but always allow some individuals to be strictly better off
than at the initial prices. Copyright © 1991, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.1991.tb00037.x},
Key = {fds313531}
}
@article{fds313533,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Technological Change and the Boundaries of the
Firm},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {887-900},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313533}
}
@article{fds313534,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Oversight of Long Term Investment by Short-Lived
Regulators},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {579-600},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1468-2354},
Key = {fds313534}
}
@article{fds266959,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Sequential regulatory oversight},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {327-348},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1990},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0922-680X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134475},
Abstract = {We examine a setting where a different regulatory commission
controls the activities of a firm in each of two periods.
Each commission is concerned primarily with the welfare of
contemporary consumers. We examine the efficacy of three
different regulatory charters in resolving the intertemporal
conflicts that arise between commissions. These charters
specify the extent to which the second-period commission is
bound to promises made by its predecessor. © 1990 Kluwer
Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00134475},
Key = {fds266959}
}
@article{fds313530,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Feenstra, R and McMillan, J},
Title = {Designing Policies to Open Trade},
Journal = {Economics & Politics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {223-240},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1468-0343},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.1990.tb00031.x},
Abstract = {In this paper we consider recent proposals to auction U.S.
import quotas, using the funds so obtained to encourage
relocation out of the protected industries. We first discuss
the design of quota auctions so as to maximize revenue for
the government. We then consider why quota auctions should
be used at all, rather than simply using tariffs, or
immediately opening trade and compensating people with
income transfers. We argue that the information available to
the government, or lack thereof, is a critical factor in
understanding these policies. Copyright © 1990, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.1990.tb00031.x},
Key = {fds313530}
}
@article{fds266955,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {An informational effect when regulated firms enter
unregulated markets},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-45},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1989},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0922-680X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00150296},
Abstract = {Our purpose in undertaking this investigation was two-fold.
First, we sought to examine the divergence between
regulatory policy in practice and prescription from economic
theory. Second, we wished to determine whether by
facilitating entry into unregulated market. We found a close
connection between these two apparently disparate issues.
Our conclusion is that a regulator may be able to enhance
the level of expected consumers' surplus generated in a
regulated market by allowing the regulated firm to enter
unregulated markets. We have associated "entry" into
unregulated markets with the possession of "capital" that
constitutes a critical factor of production in the
unregulated market. The key feature of this capital is that
its value is positively correlated with production costs in
the regulated industry. Consequently, if the firm attempts
to exaggerate its costs of producing in the regulated
market, it simultaneously exaggerates the profits it will
earn in the unregulated sector. enabling the regulator to
reduced the allowed compensation in the regulated sector. In
effect, allowing entry into unregulated markets introduces a
counteravailing incentive for the firm which limits its
tendency to exaggerate production costs. This enables the
regulator to better control the profits earned by the
regulated firm. This is the case even when: (i) ratepayers
in the regulated industry provide the initial funding for
the firm's venture into the unregulated market; and (ii) the
capacity afforded the firm cannot be used to produce in the
regulated sector. The presence of countervailing incentives
gives rise to "stickness" in optimal regulated prices. To
limit the incentive to exaggerate low cost realizations,
prices are set in excess of realized marginal cost. To
mitigate the tendency t understate high realizations of c
(and thereby undersate earnings in the unregulated sector),
prices are set below realized marginal cost. For a wide
range of intermediate cost realizations, these
countervailing incentives result in a single regulated price
being optimal. Thus, the optimal policy here is more
congruent with a regulatory policy in a practice; a simple
pricing rule is instituted rather than a complex pricing
formula that affords considerable discretion to the firm. In
a closing, we wish to emphasize that our model is designed
to examine only certain elements of the decision to permit
regulated firms to enter unregulated markets. In practice,
there are many other elements that warrant caregul
consideration. For example, there may be concern that the
regulated firm will have an "unfair" competitive advantage
in unregulated markets. Alternatively, entry into
unregulated markets may complicate cost accounting
procedures and thereby facilitate undesired cross subsidies.
Furthermore, the possibility exists that a regulated firm
might allow the quality of the regulated service to
deteriorate when its attention is focused in other markets.
These issues await additional research. © 1989 Kluwer
Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00150296},
Key = {fds266955}
}
@article{fds266956,
Author = {Lewis, T and Nickerson, D},
Title = {Self-insurance against natural disasters},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {209-223},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(89)90010-7},
Abstract = {Expenditures on self-insurance to mitigate the effects of
natural disasters on the value of private assets are
examined in a model where individuals are partially insured
against financial loss by a public relief program and where
private insurance is unavailable. The model predicts that
optimal private expenditures on self-insurance will be
excessive or insufficient according to the nature of the
technology by which individuals protect their assets. The
comparative static effects of variations in the level of
public compensation, individual wealth, and attitudes toward
risk and the degree of environmental uncertainty on
self-insurance expenditures and on the magnitude and
frequency of public compensation are also characterized and
their implications for remedial government policies are
examined. © 1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(89)90010-7},
Key = {fds266956}
}
@article{fds266957,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Countervailing incentives in agency problems},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {49},
Number = {2},
Pages = {294-313},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(89)90083-5},
Abstract = {We analyze countervailing incentives in agency problem.
Countervailing incentives exist when the agent has an
incentive to understate his private information for some of
its realizations, and to overstate it for others. When
countervailing incentives arise, pooling generally
characterizes the equilibrium contract. Furthermore,
performance is distorted both above and below efficient
levels. In addition, the agent's rents generally increase
with the realization of his private information over some
ranges, and decrease over other ranges. We demonstate that
the creation of countervailing incentives can enhance
aggregate welfare. © 1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-0531(89)90083-5},
Key = {fds266957}
}
@article{fds266958,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Feenstra, R and Ware, R},
Title = {Eliminating price supports. A political economy
perspective},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {159-185},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(89)90001-7},
Abstract = {This paper characterizes information and politically
constrained government programs for eliminating price
supports. The issues which we examine in this model include:
(i) To what extent is it possible to reduce the size of
oversubscribed industries in light of the information and
political constraints that exist? Is a complete 'decoupling'
of a worker's compensation from her output possible or
desirable? (ii) Which 'type' of workers (as characterized by
their skill levels and outside employment opportunities)
remain in the industry? (iii) Which type of worker is harmed
by the relocation program? Which coalitions of workers will
oppose the reorganization? © 1989.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(89)90001-7},
Key = {fds266958}
}
@article{fds313527,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Inflexible Rules in Incentive Problems},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {79},
Number = {a},
Pages = {69-84},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313527}
}
@article{fds313529,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D and Perry, M},
Title = {Renegotiation and Specific Performance},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-48},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {1945-2322},
Key = {fds313529}
}
@article{fds340267,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Regulatory Options and Price-Cap Regulation},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {405-405},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1989},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555579},
Doi = {10.2307/2555579},
Key = {fds340267}
}
@article{fds313528,
Author = {Giammarino, RM and Lewis, T},
Title = {A Theory of Negotiated Equity Financing},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-288},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/1.3.265},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/1.3.265},
Key = {fds313528}
}
@article{fds313525,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Brander, J},
Title = {Bankruptcy Costs and the Theory of Oligopoly},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {221-243},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1988},
ISSN = {1540-5982},
Key = {fds313525}
}
@article{fds313526,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, D},
Title = {Regulating a Monopolist with Unknown Demand},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {78},
Number = {5},
Pages = {986-998},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1988},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313526}
}
@article{fds340268,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sappington, DEM},
Title = {Regulating a Monopolist with Unknown Demand and Cost
Functions},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {438-438},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555666},
Doi = {10.2307/2555666},
Key = {fds340268}
}
@article{fds266952,
Author = {Eswaran, M and Lewis, T},
Title = {Collusive behaviour in finite repeated games with
bonding},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {213-216},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(86)90025-X},
Abstract = {In finite repeated games, it is not possible to enforce
collusive behaviour using deterrent strategies if the state
game has a unique Nash equilibrium, because of the
'unravelling' of cooperative behaviour in the last period.
This paper demonstrates that under certain conditions, some
cooperation among the players can be maintained if they can
post a bond which they must forfeit if they defect from the
cooperative mode. We show that the incentives to cooperate
increase as the period of interaction grows in that the size
of the bonds required to deter defection become arbitrarily
small as the number of periods in the game increases. ©
1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(86)90025-X},
Key = {fds266952}
}
@article{fds313524,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Brander, J},
Title = {Oligopoly and Financial Structure: The Limited Liability
Effect},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {76},
Number = {5},
Pages = {956-970},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313524}
}
@article{fds313799,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Loury, G},
Title = {On the Profitability of Interruptible Supply},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {76},
Number = {4},
Pages = {827-832},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313799}
}
@article{fds340269,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Reputation and Contractual Performance in Long-Term
Projects},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-141},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1986},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555380},
Doi = {10.2307/2555380},
Key = {fds340269}
}
@article{fds340270,
Author = {Lewis, T and Lindsey, R and Ware, R},
Title = {Long-Term Bilateral Monopoly: The Case of an Exhaustible
Resource},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-89},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1986},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555630},
Doi = {10.2307/2555630},
Key = {fds340270}
}
@article{fds266953,
Author = {Eswaran, M and Lewis, T},
Title = {Exhaustible resources and alternative equilibrium concepts (
Nash).},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {459-473},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135013},
Abstract = {Identifies instances where the open loop and feedback Nash
equilibria coincide and demonstrate that in other cases the
two equilibria do not differ significantly.
-Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/135013},
Key = {fds266953}
}
@article{fds266954,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {A note on mining with investment in capital.},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {665-667},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135028},
Abstract = {Identifies the conditions on the extraction technology that
give rise to various sorts of predictions. -from
Author},
Doi = {10.2307/135028},
Key = {fds266954}
}
@article{fds266950,
Author = {Eswaran, M and Lewis, TR},
Title = {Ultimate recovery of an exhaustible resource under different
market structures},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-69},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(84)90031-7},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(84)90031-7},
Key = {fds266950}
}
@article{fds313798,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Eswaran, M},
Title = {Appropriability and the Extraction of a Common Property
Resource},
Journal = {Economica},
Volume = {51},
Number = {204},
Pages = {393-400},
Publisher = {Wiley: No OnlineOpen},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {1468-0335},
Key = {fds313798}
}
@article{fds266951,
Author = {Salant, S and Eswaran, M and Lewis, T},
Title = {The length of optimal extraction programs when depletion
affects extraction costs},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {364-374},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(83)90083-2},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-0531(83)90083-2},
Key = {fds266951}
}
@article{fds313795,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Gallini, N and Ware, R},
Title = {Strategic Timing and Pricing of a Substitute in a Cartelized
Resource Market},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {429-446},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1983},
ISSN = {1540-5982},
Key = {fds313795}
}
@article{fds313796,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Eswaran, M},
Title = {On the Non-Existence of Competitive Equilibrium in
Exhaustible Resource Markets},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {154-167},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1983},
ISSN = {1537-534X},
Key = {fds313796}
}
@article{fds313797,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Preemption, Divestiture, and Forward Contracting in a Market
Dominated by a Single Firm},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {73},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1092-1101},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1983},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
Key = {fds313797}
}
@article{fds313793,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Sufficient Conditions for Extracting Least Cost Resources
First},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1081-1083},
Publisher = {Econometric Society: Econometrica},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {1468-0262},
Key = {fds313793}
}
@article{fds313794,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Cartel Deception in Nonrenewable Resource
Markets},
Journal = {Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {263-271},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds313794}
}
@article{fds266948,
Author = {Lewis, T},
Title = {Energy vs the environment},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/556 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Optimal development programs that explicitly account for the
environment impacts of extracting energy resources are
analyzed. Possibilities of storing the resources above
ground once it has been extracted are examined When
environmental disruption results from resource extraction,
as in the case of strip mining or drilling for oil, then the
socially optimal rates of resource consumption and
extraction depend on the type and severity of the
environmental impact and on the prospects of storing the
resource above ground. © 1981.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(81)90057-7},
Key = {fds266948}
}
@article{fds266949,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Markets and environmental management with a storable
pollutant},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(81)90053-X},
Abstract = {Lee [J. Environ. Econ. Manag., in press] investigates
possibilities where pollutants may be stored for a period of
time and later released into the environment when adverse
effects are minimal. The treatment and storage of pollutants
before their release into the environment is a crucial part
of many abatement programs. Surprisingly, emission charges
will not induce optimal abatement when storage is possible.
This occurs because the firms' response to the dynamic tax
is indeterminant. We suggest alternative controls, whereby
rights to emit pollutants are sold competitively and
demonstrate that markets provide incentives for the optimal
generation-storage-emission of pollution by firms. In
deriving this result an important difference between markets
and taxes is revealed. With markets there is still
indeterminacy at the firm level, but the aggregate response
of all firms is dictated by market forces that insure
pollution is reduced by some desired amount. ©
1981.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(81)90053-X},
Key = {fds266949}
}
@article{fds313792,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Exploitation of a Renewable Resource Under
Uncertainty},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {422-439},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1981},
ISSN = {1540-5982},
Key = {fds313792}
}
@article{fds266945,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Schmalensee, R},
Title = {On oligopolistic markets for nonrenewable natural
resources.},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {3},
Pages = {475-491},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1885089},
Abstract = {Noncooperative oligopoly behavior in nonrenewable resource
markets is anlayzed under stationary conditions assuming
perfect information. The existence of Cournot-Nash
equilibria in output paths is established under standard
cost and demand assumptions, and a number of comparative
dynamic results are obtained. If all suppliers have the same
costs, for instance, and total reserves are fixed, either
increasing the number of suppliers or equalizing their
reserve holdings causes more rapid resource use. If
suppliers' costs differ, equilibrium involves inefficient
production; high-cost reserves may even be exhausted before
low-cost ones.-Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/1885089},
Key = {fds266945}
}
@article{fds266947,
Author = {Eswaran, M and Lewis, TR},
Title = {A note on market structure and the search for exhaustible
resources},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-80},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(80)90060-9},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(80)90060-9},
Key = {fds266947}
}
@article{fds313791,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Bonuses and Penalties in Incentive Contracting},
Journal = {Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {292-301},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds313791}
}
@article{fds266944,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Matthews, SA and Burness, HS},
Title = {Monopoly and the rate of extraction of exhaustible
resources: Comment.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {227-230},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In this note we present realistic, alternative extensions to
the iso-elastic, zero cost analysis which tend to bias
monopolistic extraction rates in the opposite direction,
that is, towards excessive resource use. The first
modification allows for costs that do not vary with the
extraction rate. Occurring in the form of leasing fees,
capital costs, and maintenance fees, these quasi- fixed
costs are incurred only during periods of production and
often constitute a substantial portion of operating
expenses. The second extension involves demand elasticities
varying with consumption instead of time. In particular, we
consider a stationary demand schedule with elasticity
increasing in consumption. We have shown that in 2 special
cases a monopolist depletes a natural resource faster than
is optimal. Since Stiglitz (77C/1118) proves the opposite
result for other special cases, the net effect of all these
presumably realistic considerations is analytically
indeterminate and must be ascertained empirically.-after
Authors},
Key = {fds266944}
}
@article{fds266946,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {The exhaustion and depletion of natural resources.},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {47},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1569-1571},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1914021},
Abstract = {Existing analyses of resource management generally take as
given the possibilities for profitable recovery with
declining stocks as a prerequisite for resource exhaustion.
Presumably, though, one would like to characterize
conditions on the extraction technology which insure the
profitability of resource recovery as the stock becomes
arbitrarily small. Such a characterization is provided in
this note where it is shown that if the resource production
technology is convex, resources recovery is profitable for
any positive stock despite depletion effects. Consequently a
nonreplenishable resource stock will either to totally
exhausted in finite time or will gradually be driven to
zero, given normal convexity assumptions, regardless of
whether the resource is competitively exploited or centrally
managed. Of course the prospects for the exhaustion of
renewable resources are harder to assess.-Author},
Doi = {10.2307/1914021},
Key = {fds266946}
}
@article{fds266943,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Sclmalensee, R},
Title = {Non-convexity and Optimal Exhaustion of Renewable
Resources},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {677-691},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {1540-5982},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/134873},
Abstract = {Optimal harvesting strategies are considered for a renewable
resource under stationary conditions. Net benefits are
non-concave in the harvesting rate because of fixed costs.
If harvesting is suspended, a re-entry cost is assumed to be
incurred when it is resumed. It is shown that policies of
five distinct types, which are characterized in detail, may
be optimal. Only 2 of these types have been much studied.
Most notably, a cyclical policy, in which harvesting is
periodically suspended and the resource stock rises and
falls forever, may be optimal. Numerous comparative dynamic
results for the new strategy types are obtained.
-Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/134873},
Key = {fds266943}
}
@article{fds266942,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Attitudes towards risk and the optimal exploitation of an
exhaustible resource},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-119},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(77)90035-3},
Abstract = {The exploitation of a nonrenewable natural resource, such as
petroleum or mineral ores, is analyzed in a stochastic
framework with price uncertainty. The market setting may be
either monopolistic or competitive. We demonstrate that the
rate of extraction varies directly with the resource owner's
willingness to accept risk. Rish-preferring owners use the
resource more rapidly than risk-neutral owners, who in turn
deplete the resource more rapidly than risk-averse owners.
It is also seen that the usual practice of increasing the
discount rate to account for risk induces a more rapid rate
of resource use, when in fact a slower rate of depletion is
desired. © 1977.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(77)90035-3},
Key = {fds266942}
}
@article{fds266941,
Author = {Lewis, TR},
Title = {Monopoly exploitation of an exhaustible resource},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {198-204},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(76)90019-X},
Abstract = {The popular notion that a monopolist will exhaust a
nonrenewable natural resource at a slower than socially
optimal rate is examined. Contrary to the prevailing belief,
instances do exist for which the monopolist uses the
resource faster than the social maximizer. This is
demonstrated first by finding conditions for which the
expected result-a monopoly rate which is slower than
optimal-will always hold, and second, by showing that for
situations where these conditions are violated the result
may be reversed. © 1976.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(76)90019-X},
Key = {fds266941}
}
%% Li, Jia
@article{fds349529,
Author = {Li, J and Liao, Z},
Title = {Uniform nonparametric inference for time
series},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {219},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-51},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.09.011},
Abstract = {This paper provides the first result for the uniform
inference based on nonparametric series estimators in a
general time-series setting. We develop a strong
approximation theory for sample averages of mixingales with
dimensions growing with the sample size. We use this result
to justify the asymptotic validity of a uniform confidence
band for series estimators and show that it can also be used
to conduct nonparametric specification test for conditional
moment restrictions. New results on the validity of
heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC)
estimators with increasing dimension are established for
making feasible inference. An empirical application on the
unemployment volatility puzzle for the search and matching
model is provided as an illustration.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.09.011},
Key = {fds349529}
}
@article{fds352441,
Author = {Li, J and Liao, Z and Gao, M},
Title = {Uniform nonparametric inference for time series using
Stata},
Journal = {Stata Journal},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {706-720},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867X20953576},
Abstract = {In this article, we introduce a command, tssreg, that
conducts nonparametric series estimation and uniform
inference for time-series data, including the case with
independent data as a special case. This command can be used
to nonparametrically estimate the conditional expectation
function and the uniform confidence band at a user-specified
confidence level, based on an econometric theory that
accommodates general time-series dependence. The uniform
inference tool can also be used to perform nonparametric
specification tests for conditional moment restrictions
commonly seen in dynamic equilibrium models.},
Doi = {10.1177/1536867X20953576},
Key = {fds352441}
}
@article{fds351267,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg,
R},
Title = {Realized Semicovariances},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1515-1551},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17056},
Abstract = {We propose a decomposition of the realized covariance matrix
into components based on the signs of the underlying
high-frequency returns, and we derive the asymptotic
properties of the resulting realized semicovariance measures
as the sampling interval goes to zero. The first-order
asymptotic results highlight how the same-sign and
mixed-sign components load differently on economic
information related to stochastic correlation and jumps. The
second-order asymptotic results reveal the structure
underlying the same-sign semicovariances, as manifested in
the form of co-drifting and dynamic “leverage” effects.
In line with this anatomy, we use data on a large
cross-section of individual stocks to empirically document
distinct dynamic dependencies in the different realized
semicovariance components. We show that the accuracy of
portfolio return variance forecasts may be significantly
improved by exploiting the information in realized
semicovariances.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA17056},
Key = {fds351267}
}
@article{fds349708,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Chaves, LSS},
Title = {Generalized Jump Regressions for Local Moments},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Abstract = {We develop new high-frequency-based inference procedures for
analyzing the relationship between jumps in instantaneous
moments of stochastic processes. The estimation consists of
two steps: the nonparametric determination of the jumps as
differences in local averages, followed by a
minimum-distance type estimation of the parameters of
interest under general loss functions that include both
least-square and more robust quantile regressions as special
cases. The resulting asymptotic distribution of the
estimator, derived under an infill asymptotic setting, is
highly nonstandard and generally not mixed normal. In
addition, we establish the validity of a novel bootstrap
algorithm for making feasible inference including
bias-correction. The new methods are applied in a study on
the relationship between trading intensity and spot
volatility in the U.S. equity market at the time of
important macroeconomic news announcement.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Key = {fds349708}
}
@article{fds351395,
Author = {Zhang, C and Li, J and Bollerslev, T},
Title = {Occupation density estimation for noisy high-frequency
data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.013},
Abstract = {This paper studies the nonparametric estimation of
occupation densities for semimartingale processes observed
with noise. As leading examples we consider the stochastic
volatility of a latent efficient price process, the
volatility of the latent noise that separates the efficient
price from the actually observed price, and nonlinear
transformations of these processes. Our estimation methods
are decidedly nonparametric and consist of two steps: the
estimation of the spot price and noise volatility processes
based on pre-averaging techniques and in-fill asymptotic
arguments, followed by a kernel-type estimation of the
occupation densities. Our spot volatility estimates attain
the optimal rate of convergence, and are robust to leverage
effects, price and volatility jumps, general forms of serial
dependence in the noise, and random irregular sampling. The
convergence rates of our occupation density estimates are
directly related to that of the estimated spot volatilities
and the smoothness of the true occupation densities. An
empirical application involving high-frequency equity data
illustrates the usefulness of the new methods in
illuminating time-varying risks, market liquidity, and
informational asymmetries across time and
assets.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.013},
Key = {fds351395}
}
@article{fds353244,
Author = {Li, J and Liu, Y},
Title = {EFFICIENT ESTIMATION of INTEGRATED VOLATILITY FUNCTIONALS
under GENERAL VOLATILITY DYNAMICS},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466620000274},
Abstract = {We provide an asymptotic theory for the estimation of a
general class of smooth nonlinear integrated volatility
functionals. Such functionals are broadly useful for
measuring financial risk and estimating economic models
using high-frequency transaction data. The theory is valid
under general volatility dynamics, which accommodates both
Itô semimartingales (e.g., jump-diffusions) and long-memory
processes (e.g., fractional Brownian motions). We establish
the semiparametric efficiency bound under a nonstandard
nonergodic setting with infill asymptotics, and show that
the proposed estimator attains this efficiency bound. These
results on efficient estimation are further extended to a
setting with irregularly sampled data.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466620000274},
Key = {fds353244}
}
@article{fds353831,
Author = {Zhang, C and Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Variation and efficiency of high-frequency
betas},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.022},
Abstract = {This paper studies the efficient estimation of betas from
high-frequency return data on a fixed time interval. Under
an assumption of equal diffusive and jump betas, we derive
the semiparametric efficiency bound for estimating the
common beta and develop an adaptive estimator that attains
the efficiency bound. We further propose a Hausman type test
for deciding whether the common beta assumption is true from
the high-frequency data. In our empirical analysis we
provide examples of stocks and time periods for which a
common market beta assumption appears true and ones for
which this is not the case. We further quantify empirically
the gains from the efficient common beta estimation
developed in the paper.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.022},
Key = {fds353831}
}
@article{fds343333,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Jump factor models in large cross-sections},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {419-456},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1060},
Abstract = {We develop tests for deciding whether a large cross-section
of asset prices obey an exact factor structure at the times
of factor jumps. Such jump dependence is implied by standard
linear factor models. Our inference is based on a panel of
asset returns with asymptotically increasing cross-sectional
dimension and sampling frequency, and essentially no
restriction on the relative magnitude of these two
dimensions of the panel. The test is formed from the
high-frequency returns at the times when the risk factors
are detected to have a jump. The test statistic is a
cross-sectional average of a measure of discrepancy in the
estimated jump factor loadings of the assets at consecutive
jump times. Under the null hypothesis, the discrepancy in
the factor loadings is due to a measurement error, which
shrinks with the increase of the sampling frequency, while
under an alternative of a noisy jump factor model this
discrepancy contains also nonvanishing firm-specific shocks.
The limit behavior of the test under the null hypothesis is
nonstandard and reflects the strong-dependence in the
cross-section of returns as well as their heteroskedasticity
which is left unspecified. We further develop estimators for
assessing the magnitude of firm-specific risk in asset
prices at the factor jump events. Empirical application to
S&P 100 stocks provides evidence for exact one-factor
structure at times of big market-wide jump
events.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1060},
Key = {fds343333}
}
@article{fds329370,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Lin, H},
Title = {Rank Tests at Jump Events},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {312-321},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2017.1328362},
Abstract = {We propose a test for the rank of a cross-section of
processes at a set of jump events. The jump events are
either specific known times or are random and associated
with jumps of some process. The test is formed from
discretely sampled data on a fixed time interval with
asymptotically shrinking mesh. In the first step, we form
nonparametric estimates of the jump events via thresholding
techniques. We then compute the eigenvalues of the outer
product of the cross-section of increments at the identified
jump events. The test for rank r is based on the asymptotic
behavior of the sum of the squared eigenvalues excluding the
largest r. A simple resampling method is proposed for
feasible testing. The test is applied to financial data
spanning the period 2007–2015 at the times of stock market
jumps. We find support for a one-factor model of both
industry portfolio and Dow 30 stock returns at market jump
times. This stands in contrast with earlier evidence for
higher-dimensional factor structure of stock returns during
“normal” (nonjump) times. We identify the latent factor
driving the stocks and portfolios as the size of the market
jump.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2017.1328362},
Key = {fds329370}
}
@article{fds340105,
Author = {Li, J and Liu, Y and Xiu, D},
Title = {Efficient estimation of integrated volatility functionals
via multiscale Jackknife},
Journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {156-176},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/18-AOS1684},
Abstract = {We propose semiparametrically efficient estimators for
general integrated volatility functionals of multivariate
semimartingale processes. A plug-in method that uses
nonparametric estimates of spot volatilities is known to
induce high-order biases that need to be corrected to obey a
central limit theorem. Such bias terms arise from boundary
effects, the diffusive and jump movements of stochastic
volatility and the sampling error from the nonparametric
spot volatility estimation. We propose a novel jackknife
method for bias correction. The jackknife estimator is
simply formed as a linear combination of a few uncorrected
estimators associated with different local window sizes used
in the estimation of spot volatility. We show theoretically
that our estimator is asymptotically mixed Gaussian,
semiparametrically efficient, and more robust to the choice
of local windows. To facilitate the practical use, we
introduce a simulation-based estimator of the asymptotic
variance, so that our inference is derivative-free, and
hence is convenient to implement.},
Doi = {10.1214/18-AOS1684},
Key = {fds340105}
}
@article{fds339233,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Xue, Y},
Title = {Volume, volatility, and public news announcements},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2005-2041},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy003},
Abstract = {We provide new empirical evidence for the way in which
financial markets process information. Our results rely
critically on high-frequency intraday price and volume data
for theS & P500 equity portfolio and U.S. Treasury bonds,
along with new econometric techniques, for making inference
on the relationship between trading intensity and spot
volatility around public news announcements. Consistent with
the predictions derived from a theoretical model in which
investors agree to disagree, our estimates for the intraday
volume-volatility elasticity around important news
announcements are systematically belowunity. Our elasticity
estimates also decrease significantly with measures of
disagreements in beliefs, economic uncertainty, and
textual-based sentiment, further highlighting the key role
played by differences-of-opinion.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy003},
Key = {fds339233}
}
@article{fds339634,
Author = {Li, J and Xiu, D},
Title = {Comment on: Limit of Random Measures associated with the
increments of a Brownian Semimartingale},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {570-582},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbx034},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbx034},
Key = {fds339634}
}
@article{fds329369,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Chen, R},
Title = {Mixed-scale jump regressions with bootstrap
inference},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {201},
Number = {2},
Pages = {417-432},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.08.017},
Abstract = {We develop an efficient mixed-scale estimator for jump
regressions using high-frequency asset returns. A fine time
scale is used to accurately identify the locations of large
rare jumps in the explanatory variables such as the price of
the market portfolio. A coarse scale is then used in the
estimation in order to attenuate the effect of trading
frictions in the dependent variable such as the prices of
potentially less liquid assets. The proposed estimator has a
non-standard asymptotic distribution that cannot be made
asymptotically pivotal via studentization. We propose a
novel bootstrap procedure for feasible inference and justify
its asymptotic validity. We show that the bootstrap provides
an automatic higher-order asymptotic approximation by
accounting for the sampling variation in estimates of
nuisance quantities that are used in efficient estimation.
The Monte Carlo analysis indicates good finite-sample
performance of the general specification test and confidence
intervals based on the bootstrap. We apply the method to a
high-frequency panel of Dow stock prices together with the
market index defined by the S&P 500 index futures over the
period 2007–2014. We document remarkable temporal
stability in the way that stocks react to market jumps.
However, this relationship for many of the stocks in the
sample is significantly noisier and more unstable during
sector-specific jump events.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.08.017},
Key = {fds329369}
}
@article{fds326823,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Adaptive estimation of continuous-time regression models
using high-frequency data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {200},
Number = {1},
Pages = {36-47},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.01.010},
Abstract = {We derive the asymptotic efficiency bound for regular
estimates of the slope coefficient in a linear
continuous-time regression model for the continuous
martingale parts of two Itô semimartingales observed on a
fixed time interval with asymptotically shrinking mesh of
the observation grid. We further construct an estimator from
high-frequency data that achieves this efficiency bound and,
indeed, is adaptive to the presence of infinite-dimensional
nuisance components. The estimator is formed by taking
optimal weighted average of local nonparametric volatility
estimates that are constructed over blocks of high-frequency
observations. The asymptotic efficiency bound is derived
under a Markov assumption for the bivariate process while
the high-frequency estimator and its asymptotic properties
are derived in a general Itô semimartingale setting. To
study the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimator, we
introduce a general spatial localization procedure which
extends known results on the estimation of integrated
volatility functionals to more general classes of functions
of volatility. Empirically relevant numerical examples
illustrate that the proposed efficient estimator provides
nontrivial improvement over alternatives in the extant
literature.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.01.010},
Key = {fds326823}
}
@article{fds326822,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Robust Jump Regressions},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {112},
Number = {517},
Pages = {332-341},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2016.1138866},
Abstract = {We develop robust inference methods for studying linear
dependence between the jumps of discretely observed
processes at high frequency. Unlike classical linear
regressions, jump regressions are determined by a small
number of jumps occurring over a fixed time interval and the
rest of the components of the processes around the jump
times. The latter are the continuous martingale parts of the
processes as well as observation noise. By sampling more
frequently the role of these components, which are hidden in
the observed price, shrinks asymptotically. The robustness
of our inference procedure is with respect to outliers,
which are of particular importance in the current setting of
relatively small number of jump observations. This is
achieved by using nonsmooth loss functions (like L1) in the
estimation. Unlike classical robust methods, the limit of
the objective function here remains nonsmooth. The proposed
method is also robust to measurement error in the observed
processes, which is achieved by locally smoothing the
high-frequency increments. In an empirical application to
financial data, we illustrate the usefulness of the robust
techniques by contrasting the behavior of robust and
ordinary least regression (OLS)-type jump regressions in
periods including disruptions of the financial markets such
as so-called “flash crashes.” Supplementary materials
for this article are available online.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2016.1138866},
Key = {fds326822}
}
@article{fds323826,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Jump Regressions},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1},
Pages = {173-195},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA12962},
Abstract = {We develop econometric tools for studying jump dependence of
two processes from high-frequency observations on a fixed
time interval. In this context, only segments of data around
a few outlying observations are informative for the
inference. We derive an asymptotically valid test for
stability of a linear jump relation over regions of the jump
size domain. The test has power against general forms of
nonlinearity in the jump dependence as well as temporal
instabilities. We further propose an efficient estimator for
the linear jump regression model that is formed by optimally
weighting the detected jumps with weights based on the
diffusive volatility around the jump times. We derive the
asymptotic limit of the estimator, a semiparametric lower
efficiency bound for the linear jump regression, and show
that our estimator attains the latter. The analysis covers
both deterministic and random jump arrivals. In an empirical
application, we use the developed inference techniques to
test the temporal stability of market jump
betas.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA12962},
Key = {fds323826}
}
@article{fds238517,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {ESTIMATING THE VOLATILITY OCCUPATION TIME VIA REGULARIZED
LAPLACE INVERSION},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {32},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1253-1288},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466615000171},
Abstract = {We propose a consistent functional estimator for the
occupation time of the spot variance of an asset price
observed at discrete times on a finite interval with the
mesh of the observation grid shrinking to zero. The asset
price is modeled nonparametrically as a continuous-time Itô
semimartingale with nonvanishing diffusion coefficient. The
estimation procedure contains two steps. In the first step
we estimate the Laplace transform of the volatility
occupation time and, in the second step, we conduct a
regularized Laplace inversion. Monte Carlo evidence suggests
that the proposed estimator has good small-sample
performance and in particular it is far better at estimating
lower volatility quantiles and the volatility median than a
direct estimator formed from the empirical cumulative
distribution function of local spot volatility estimates. An
empirical application shows the use of the developed
techniques for nonparametric analysis of variation of
volatility.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466615000171},
Key = {fds238517}
}
@article{fds313254,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Inference theory for volatility functional
dependencies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {193},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-34},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.004},
Abstract = {We develop inference theory for models involving possibly
nonlinear transforms of the elements of the spot covariance
matrix of a multivariate continuous-time process observed at
high frequency. The framework can be used to study the
relationship among the elements of the latent spot
covariance matrix and processes defined on the basis of it
such as systematic and idiosyncratic variances, factor betas
and correlations on a fixed interval of time. The estimation
is based on matching model-implied moment conditions under
the occupation measure induced by the spot covariance
process. We prove consistency and asymptotic mixed normality
of our estimator of the (random) coefficients in the
volatility model and further develop model specification
tests. We apply our inference methods to study variance and
correlation risks in nine sector portfolios comprising the
S&P 500 index. We document sector-specific variance risks in
addition to that of the market and time-varying
heterogeneous correlation risk among the market-neutral
components of the sector portfolio returns.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.004},
Key = {fds313254}
}
@article{fds318180,
Author = {Li, J and Xiu, D},
Title = {Generalized Method of Integrated Moments for High-Frequency
Data},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {84},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1613-1633},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA12306},
Abstract = {We propose a semiparametric two-step inference procedure for
a finite-dimensional parameter based on moment conditions
constructed from high-frequency data. The population moment
conditions take the form of temporally integrated
functionals of state-variable processes that include the
latent stochastic volatility process of an asset. In the
first step, we nonparametrically recover the volatility path
from high-frequency asset returns. The nonparametric
volatility estimator is then used to form sample moment
functions in the second-step GMM estimation, which requires
the correction of a high-order nonlinearity bias from the
first step. We show that the proposed estimator is
consistent and asymptotically mixed Gaussian and propose a
consistent estimator for the conditional asymptotic
variance. We also construct a Bierens-type consistent
specification test. These infill asymptotic results are
based on a novel empirical-process-type theory for general
integrated functionals of noisy semimartingale
processes.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA12306},
Key = {fds318180}
}
@article{fds320423,
Author = {Li, J and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Asymptotic Inference about Predictive Accuracy Using High
Frequency Data},
Number = {163},
Pages = {223-240},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.10.005},
Abstract = {This paper provides a general framework that enables many
existing inference methods for predictive accuracy to be
used in applications that involve forecasts of latent target
variables. Such applications include the forecasting of
volatility, correlation, beta, quadratic variation, jump
variation, and other functionals of an underlying
continuous-time process. We provide primitive conditions
under which a "negligibility" result holds, and thus the
asymptotic size of standard predictive accuracy tests,
implemented using a high-frequency proxy for the latent
variable, is controlled. An extensive simulation study
verifies that the asymptotic results apply in a range of
empirically relevant applications, and an empirical
application to correlation forecasting is
presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.10.005},
Key = {fds320423}
}
@article{fds238520,
Author = {Li, J},
Title = {Robust estimation and inference for jumps in noisy high
frequency data: A local-to-continuity theory for the
pre-averaging method},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1673-1693},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000322338400012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We develop an asymptotic theory for the pre-averaging
estimator when asset price jumps are weakly identified, here
modeled as local to zero. The theory unifies the
conventional asymptotic theory for continuous and
discontinuous semimartingales as two polar cases with a
continuum of local asymptotics, and explains the breakdown
of the conventional procedures under weak identification. We
propose simple bias-corrected estimators for jump power
variations, and construct robust confidence sets with valid
asymptotic size in a uniform sense. The method is also
robust to certain forms of microstructure noise. © 2013 The
Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10534},
Key = {fds238520}
}
@article{fds238518,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility occupation times},
Journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1865-1891},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0090-5364},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1135},
Abstract = {We propose nonparametric estimators of the occupation
measure and the occupation density of the diffusion
coefficient (stochastic volatility) of a discretely observed
Itô semimartingale on a fixed interval when the mesh of the
observation grid shrinks to zero asymptotically. In a first
step we estimate the volatility locally over blocks of
shrinking length, and then in a second step we use these
estimates to construct a sample analogue of the volatility
occupation time and a kernel-based estimator of its density.
We prove the consistency of our estimators and further
derive bounds for their rates of convergence. We use these
results to estimate nonparametrically the quantiles
associated with the volatility occupation measure. ©
Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2013.},
Doi = {10.1214/13-AOS1135},
Key = {fds238518}
}
@article{fds238519,
Author = {Aït-Sahalia, Y and Jacod, J and Li, J},
Title = {Testing for jumps in noisy high frequency
data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {168},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-222},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.12.004},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a robustification of the test statistic
of Aït-Sahalia and Jacod (2009b) for the presence of market
microstructure noise in high frequency data, based on the
pre-averaging method of Jacod et al. (2010). We show that
the robustified statistic restores the test's discriminating
power between jumps and no jumps despite the presence of
market microstructure noise in the data. © 2012 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.12.004},
Key = {fds238519}
}
%% Liu, Erica
@article{fds358939,
Author = {Chung, KS and Liu, EM and Lo, M},
Title = {Selling to consumers who cannot detect small
differences},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {192},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2021.105186},
Abstract = {This paper studies how sellers behave when their consumers
have difficulty in detecting small differences. These
consumers pose a problem because, even if a good deal
exists, they cannot appreciate it if it is barely better
than their outside options. This creates a role for a second
deal, either marketed by the same seller or by another
seller, even when consumers are homogeneous in their tastes.
If the same seller markets the second deal, it will
strategically position the first as a good deal, and the
second as a bad deal, and use the bad deal to help consumers
appreciate the good deal. If another seller markets the
second deal, the two sellers will become specialized as,
respectively, good-deal and bad-deal providers. Both sellers
free-ride each other. The good-deal provider is happy
because the bad deal helps consumers appreciate its good
deal; while the bad-deal provider hides behind the presence
of the good deal and manages to make a sale some of the
time.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2021.105186},
Key = {fds358939}
}
%% Liu, Xuan
@article{fds50046,
Author = {X. Liu},
Title = {Optimal and Time Consistent Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a
Small Open Economy,},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~xl8/Arthur},
Key = {fds50046}
}
@article{fds50047,
Author = {X. Liu},
Title = {Trade Openness and the Costs of Sudden Stops,},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds50047}
}
%% Liu, Yan
@book{fds370589,
Author = {Liu, Y and Ji, J and Wu, G and Liang, M-M},
Title = {传承中文 Modern Chinese for Heritage Beginners Stories
about Us},
Pages = {257 pages},
Publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9781000860344},
Abstract = {The book starts with talking about individuals and families
and then expands to the Chinese and Asian American
communities in the U.S. and eventually to the entire
American society, all from the unique perspective of Chinese
American ...},
Key = {fds370589}
}
@article{fds370590,
Author = {Liu, Y},
Title = {Boundary Crossing: Integrating Visual Arts into Teaching
Chinese as a Foreign Language},
Booktitle = {Crossing Boundaries in Researching, Understanding, and
Improving Language Education: Essays in Honor of G. Richard
Tucker.},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Zhang, D and Miller, R},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {978-3-031-24078-2},
Abstract = {This chapter reports on the author’s effort to cross
disciplinary boundaries in teaching Chinese as a foreign
language (CFL). It presents a mixed-methods study that
examines student perceptions about, as well as the benefits
and the challenges of, integrating visual arts and online
art museum visits into CFL teaching. Quantitative and
qualitative data were collected from a questionnaire and
semi-structured interviews. Based on the findings, the
author discusses the benefits of using art-integration
approaches in CFL teaching, particularly their potential in
answering the Modern Language Association’s call for
curricular transformation in collegiate foreign language
curriculum (MLA, Foreign languages and higher education: New
structures for a changed world. Retrieved from
http://www.mla.org/flreport, 2007). The author also analyzes
the challenges encountered and proposes future research
directions and suggestions for future integration of visual
arts in the CFL curriculum.},
Key = {fds370590}
}
@article{fds370591,
Author = {Liu, Y},
Title = {Cross-language and cross-disciplinary collaborations in a
Mandarin CLAC course},
Pages = {159-175},
Booktitle = {A Transdisciplinary Approach to Chinese and Japanese
Language Teaching},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003266976-15},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003266976-15},
Key = {fds370591}
}
@article{fds366830,
Author = {Reisinger, D and Valnes Quammen and S and Liu, Y and Virguez,
E},
Title = {Sustainability across the Curriculum: A Multilingual and
Intercultural Approach},
Booktitle = {Education for Sustainable Development in Foreign Language
Learning: Content-Based Instruction in College-Level
Curricula},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {Fuente, MDL},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003080183},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003080183},
Key = {fds366830}
}
@article{fds370592,
Author = {Reisinger, D and Quammen, SV and Liu, Y and Virgüez,
E},
Title = {Sustainability across the Curriculum: A Multilingual and
Intercultural Approach},
Pages = {197-214},
Booktitle = {Education for Sustainable Development in Foreign Language
Learning: Content-Based Instruction in College-Level
Curricula, First Edition},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780367530327},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003080183-15},
Abstract = {Developed in the 1980s, Cultures and Languages Across the
Curriculum (CLAC) programs provide a content-based
curricular framework for developing and applying language
and intercultural competence within diverse academic
disciplines through the use of multilingual resources and
the inclusion of multiple cultural perspectives. In this
chapter, we analyze the development of a cluster of
tutorials housed in a department of environmental studies.
In these tutorials, learners explored how cultural and
linguistic perspectives inform and shape sustainability
policies and practices. Details about the structure of these
CLAC tutorials are offered to emphasize how primary course
objectives are achieved through case studies, project-based
activities, and community interactions. Despite challenges
related to teacher preparation and materials selection,
student survey data suggested that the tutorials led to
gains in student language development, understanding of
sustainability concepts, and motivation to continue studying
the language, underscoring the essential role of foreign
languages in the broader discussion of education for
sustainability.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003080183-15},
Key = {fds370592}
}
@article{fds355974,
Author = {Liu, Y},
Title = {Assessing Chinese in the United States: An overview of major
tests.},
Pages = {43-65},
Booktitle = {Assessing Chinese as a Second Language.},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Zhang, D and Lin, C-H},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {978-981-13-5045-0},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4089-4_3},
Abstract = {The past few decades have witnessed a rapid expansion of
Chinese language and culture programs in higher education
institutions as well as PreK-12 schools in the USA. The fast
growth of Chinese education has naturally boosted assessment
demands. To satisfy the demands, many tests and assessment
tools have been developed in the country. Contextualized in
the recent history of foreign language education in the USA,
this chapter provides an overview of Chinese assessments in
the country. Major tests reviewed include the ACTFL Oral
Proficiency Interview (OPI) and its computerized version
(OPIc), the Simulated Oral Proficiency Interview (SOPI), the
Computerized Oral Proficiency Instrument (COPI), the ACTFL
Writing Proficiency Test (WPT), the Advanced Placement (AP)
Chinese Language and Culture Test, the ACTFL Assessment of
Performance toward Proficiency in Languages (AAPPL), the SAT
II Chinese Subject Test, and the Chinese Proficiency Test
(CPT). In addition, this chapter also reviews a small number
of studies that either aimed to validate these tests or used
them as instruments for various research
purposes.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-981-10-4089-4_3},
Key = {fds355974}
}
@article{fds227704,
Author = {Kuo, L-J and Kim, T-J and Yang, X and Li, H and Liu, Y and Wang, H and Hyun
Park, J and Li, Y},
Title = {Acquisition of Chinese characters: the effects of character
properties and individual differences among second language
learners.},
Journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {986},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00986},
Abstract = {In light of the dramatic growth of Chinese learners
worldwide and a need for cross-linguistic research on
Chinese literacy development, this study drew upon theories
of visual complexity effect (Su and Samuels, 2010) and
dual-coding processing (Sadoski and Paivio, 2013) and
investigated (a) the effects of character properties (i.e.,
visual complexity and radical presence) on character
acquisition and (b) the relationship between individual
learner differences in radical awareness and character
acquisition. Participants included adolescent
English-speaking beginning learners of Chinese in the U.S.
Following Kuo et al. (2014), a novel character acquisition
task was used to investigate the process of acquiring the
meaning of new characters. Results showed that (a)
characters with radicals and with less visual complexity
were easier to acquire than characters without radicals and
with greater visual complexity; and (b) individual
differences in radical awareness were associated with the
acquisition of all types of characters, but the association
was more pronounced with the acquisition of characters with
radicals. Theoretical and practical implications of the
findings were discussed.},
Doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00986},
Key = {fds227704}
}
@article{fds227705,
Author = {Taguchi, N and Li, S and Liu, Y},
Title = {Comprehension of conversational implicature in L2
Chinese},
Journal = {Pragmatics and Cognition},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {139-157},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1569-9943},
Key = {fds227705}
}
%% Lizarazo, Sandra V.
@article{fds26518,
Author = {S.V. Lizarazo},
Title = {Endogenous Sovereign Risk and Risk Averse International
Investors},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~svl/LizarazoJobMarketPaper.pdf},
Abstract = {The limited enforceability of international debt contracts
modifies the economics of the determination of optimal plans
for small open economies, with respect to the case in which
there is not commitment problem. All the previous literature
on the determination of the dynamic stochastic equilibrium
of small open economies in the presence of endogenous
default risk assumes that the agents lending to sovereign
countries are risk neutral. However, the empirical behavior
of emerging economies’ sovereign credit spreads and
capital inflows do not seem to be consistent with that
assumption, i.e., the risk premium on sovereign bonds is
much higher than what estimated probabilities of default can
explain, and liquidity shocks to international investors
seem to explain, to some extent, capital inflows to emerging
economies. By relaxing this assumption, the paper presents a
more general framework to study sovereign debt markets. A
stochastic one-sector small open economy model in which the
emerging economy has the option to default in its sovereign
debts is developed. Once the economy defaults, it is
excluded from credit markets. To smooth its consumption, the
emerging economy trades financially one period
non-contingent sovereign bonds with international risk
averse investors. International investors are assumed to be
able to commit to repay their debts, and solve a dynamic
optimal portfolio problem in which they decide the optimal
allocation of their resources to two assets: the emerging
economy’s sovereign bond, and a riskless asset. In the
existing literature, the assumption of risk neutral
investors implies that the emerging economy's equilibrium
default risk, capital flows, bond prices and consumption are
a function only of the emerging economy's own fundamentals,
i.e., its income and debt position. The main theoretical
finding of this paper is that if investors are risk averse,
and their preferences exhibit decreasing absolute risk
aversion, the equilibrium levels of consumption, and
borrowing as well as the price of the assets of sovereign
countries cannot be independent of the representative
investor's level of wealth, and risk aversion. As investors
become wealthier or less risk averse, the emerging economy
is less credit constrained, and receives better terms on its
debt contracts, i.e., the equilibrium price of its sovereign
bonds is higher. The reason why the representative agent of
the emerging economy can get better contracts when the
representative investor is wealthy or not too risk averse is
twofold: first, when either the representative investor is
wealthy or not too risk averse, the marginal cost in terms
of utility of investing in sovereign bonds is low, which in
equilibrium implies a high price for the sovereign bonds;
second, a high equilibrium price of the economy's sovereign
bonds implies a high level of consumption for the
representative agent of the small open economy, and
therefore a large gain for this agent from honoring her debt
contract, so that incentives of maintaining the debt
contract are strong and endogenous default risk is low.
Quantitatively, by allowing for risk averse lenders, this
model provides a better match of the risk premium on
sovereign bond prices and the level of borrowing of emerging
economies than models of the same kind but with risk neutral
investors. Furthermore, because the risk premium in the
asset prices of the sovereign has to be large enough to
compensate the representative investor not only for the
probability of default but also for taking the risk of
default, this model is able to account for a larger
proportion of credit spreads than models with a
representative risk neutral investor.},
Key = {fds26518}
}
@article{fds26524,
Author = {S.V. Lizarazo},
Title = {Contagion of Financial Crises in Sovereign Debt
Markets},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {This paper develops a dynamic stochastic quantitative model
of endogenous contagion of financial crises across small
open economies'sovereign bond markets. The paper extends the
work of Eaton and Gersovits (1981) on the analysis of
endogenous default risk to the case in which risk averse
international investors whose preferences exhibit decreasing
absolute risk aversion interact in sovereign bond markets
with a group of small open economies, all of which might
default in their sovereign debts. This model provides the
theoretical formalization of financial fundamental links
across sovereign debt markets of emerging economies that
share investors that is the base for and endogenous
explanation of the contagion of financial crises. In this
model, the representative agent of each small open economy
smooths her consumption over time by trading one-period non
contingent bonds with a representative risk averse
international investor. In here, risk aversion of
international investors implies that the representative
investor's optimal portfolio allocation between the
different economies and riskless assets depends not only on
the individual country default risk---as is the case if
investors are risk neutral---but also on her current level
wealth and on the overall risk of the portfolio.
Consequently, when one country ends up in crisis, i.e., it
defaults now or its default risk is increased, several
forces determine the post-crisis portfolio allocation of the
representative investor: First, the representative investor
receives a negative wealth shock or expect a future negative
wealth shock, and due to the investor’s decreasing
absolute risk aversion this current or expected shock tends
to reduce her tolerance toward risk and to induce her to
shift away from risky investments toward less risky ones;
Second, there is a flight to quality type effect - i.e., the
representative investor might shift her investments away
from the assets of the country in crisis toward the assets
of other countries with better fundamentals -; Third, there
is a general equilibrium effect based on the fact that
because all investors follow the same investment strategies,
the prices of the bonds of all economies in the
representative investor’s portfolio are correlated (either
positively if the wealth effect dominates, or negatively if
the substitution effect dominates), and because the
representative investor is a rational agent, the
consideration of the correlation of bond prices across
economies modifies her optimal portfolio allocation even
further. The portfolio recomposition affects all countries
that share the representative investor, and if the wealth
effect of the crisis in one country dominates the
substitution effect of that shock, as preliminary results
suggest, as negative shocks are transmitted among economies,
contagion of occurs.},
Key = {fds26524}
}
%% Loginova, Oksana
@article{fds26523,
Author = {Oksana Loginova},
Title = {Competing for Customers' Attention: Advertising when
Consumers Have Imperfect Memory},
Journal = {Job Market Paper},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~loginova/memory.pdf},
Key = {fds26523}
}
@article{fds26525,
Author = {Oksana Loginova and Curtis R. Taylor},
Title = {Price Experimentation with Strategic Buyers},
Journal = {revised and resubmitted, Journal of Economic
Theory},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~loginova/strategic.pdf},
Key = {fds26525}
}
@article{fds26526,
Author = {Oksana Loginova},
Title = {Real and Virtual Competition},
Journal = {invited to revise and resubmit, Journal of Economics and
Management Strategy},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~loginova/internet.pdf},
Key = {fds26526}
}
%% Lopomo, Giuseppe
@article{fds371719,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Persico, N and Villa, AT},
Title = {Optimal Procurement with Quality Concerns},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {113},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1505-1529},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20211437},
Abstract = {Adverse selection in procurement arises when low-cost
bidders are also low-quality suppliers. We propose a
mechanism called LoLA (lowball lottery auction) which, under
some conditions, maximizes any combination of buyer’s and
social surplus, subject to incentive compatibility, in the
presence of adverse selection. The LoLA features a floor
price, and a reserve price. The LoLA has a dominant strategy
equilibrium that, under mild conditions, is unique. In a
counterfactual analysis of Italian government auctions, we
compute the gain that the government could have made, had it
used the optimal procurement mechanism (a LoLA), relative to
a first-price auction (the adopted format).},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20211437},
Key = {fds371719}
}
@article{fds364238,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Rigotti, L and Shannon, C},
Title = {Detectability, duality, and surplus extraction},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {204},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2022.105465},
Abstract = {We study surplus extraction in the general environment of
McAfee and Reny (1992), and provide two alternative proofs
of their main theorem. The first is an analogue of the
classic argument of Crémer and McLean (1985, 1988), using
geometric features of the set of agents' beliefs to
construct a menu of contracts extracting the desired
surplus. This argument, which requires a finite state space,
also leads to a counterexample showing that full extraction
is not possible without further significant conditions on
agents' beliefs or surplus, even if the designer offers an
infinite menu of contracts. The second argument uses duality
and applies with an infinite state space, thus yielding the
general result of McAfee and Reny (1992). Both arguments
suggest methods for studying surplus extraction in settings
beyond the standard model, in which the designer or agents
might have objectives other than risk neutral expected value
maximization.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2022.105465},
Key = {fds364238}
}
@article{fds362370,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G and Stone,
P},
Title = {Mechanism Design for Correlated Valuations: Efficient
Methods for Revenue Maximization},
Journal = {Operations Research},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {562-584},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2020.2092},
Abstract = {Traditionally, the mechanism design literature has been
primarily focused on settings where the bidders' valuations
are independent. However, in settings where valuations are
correlated, much stronger results are possible. For example,
the entire surplus of efficient allocations can be extracted
as revenue. These stronger results are true, in theory,
under generic conditions on parameter values. However, in
practice, they are rarely, if ever, implementable because of
the stringent requirement that the mechanism designer knows
the distribution of the bidders types exactly. In this work,
we provide a computationally efficient and sample efficient
method for designing mechanisms that can robustly handle
imprecise estimates of the distribution over bidder
valuations. This method guarantees that the selected
mechanism will perform at least as well as any ex post
mechanism with high probability. The mechanism also performs
nearly optimally with sufficient information and
correlation. Furthermore, we show that when the distribution
is not known and must be estimated from samples from the
true distribution, a sufficiently high degree of correlation
is essential to implement optimal mechanisms. Finally, we
demonstrate through simulations that this new mechanism
design paradigm generates mechanisms that perform
significantly better than traditional mechanism design
techniques given sufficient samples. Copyright:},
Doi = {10.1287/opre.2020.2092},
Key = {fds362370}
}
@article{fds366454,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Rigotti, L and Shannon, C},
Title = {Uncertainty and robustness of surplus extraction},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {199},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2020.105088},
Abstract = {This paper studies a robust version of the classic surplus
extraction problem, in which the designer knows only that
the beliefs of each type belong to some set, and designs
mechanisms that are suitable for all possible beliefs in
that set. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for
full extraction in this setting, and show that these are
natural set-valued analogues of the classic convex
independence condition identified by Crémer and McLean
(1985, 1988). We show that full extraction is neither
generically possible nor generically impossible, in contrast
to the standard setting in which full extraction is generic.
When full extraction fails, we show that natural additional
conditions can restrict both the nature of the contracts a
designer can offer and the surplus the designer can
obtain.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2020.105088},
Key = {fds366454}
}
@article{fds357024,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Ropero, E and Villa, AT},
Title = {Optimal financial contracting and the effects of firm's
size},
Pages = {446-467},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12375},
Abstract = {We consider the design of the optimal dynamic policy for a
firm subject to moral hazard problems. With respect to the
existing literature we enrich the model by introducing
durable capital with partial irreversibility, which makes
the size of the firm a state variable. This allows us to
analyze the role of firm's size, separately from age and
financial structure. We show that a higher level of capital
decreases the probability of liquidation and increases the
future size of the firm. Although analytical results are not
available, we show through simulations that, conditional on
size, the rate of growth of the firm, its variability, and
the variability of the probability of liquidation decline
with age.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12375},
Key = {fds357024}
}
@article{fds331880,
Author = {Belloni, A and Lopomo, G and Wang, S},
Title = {Resource allocation under demand uncertainty and private
information},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {63},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4219-4235},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2574},
Abstract = {We study the effect of multilateral private information on
the efficiency of markets where capacity-constrained
upstream agents supply a resource to downstream entities
facing uncertain end-demands. We analyze two models: a
"pooling system," in which a single downstream principal
pools a resource from multiple upstream agents; and a
"distribution system," in which one upstream principal
allocates a resource across multiple downstream agents. We
show that the presence of multilateral private information
does not hinder efficiency in the pooling system. In
contrast, in the distribution system, the quantities
allocated to downstream agents can exceed, as well as fall
short of, their first-best levels. These results shed light
on the recently improved performance of U.S. agricultural
produce market, and the observed episodes of
shortages/oversupplies in flu vaccine and other seasonal
markets.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2016.2574},
Key = {fds331880}
}
@misc{fds323531,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Maximizing revenue with limited correlation: The cost of
ex-post incentive compatibility},
Journal = {30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
2016},
Pages = {376-382},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781577357605},
Abstract = {In a landmark paper in the mechanism design literature,
Cremer and McLean (1985) (CM for short) show that when a
bidder's valuation is correlated with an external signal, a
monopolistic seller is able to extract the full social
surplus as revenue. In the original paper and subsequent
literature, the focus has been on ex-post incentive
compatible (or IC) mechanisms, where truth telling is an
ex-post Nash equilibrium. In this paper, we explore the
implications of Bayesian versus ex-post IC in a correlated
valuation setting. We generalize the full extraction result
to settings that do not satisfy the assumptions of CM. In
particular, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for
full extraction that strictly relax the original conditions
given in CM. These more general conditions characterize the
situations under which requiring expost IC leads to a
decrease in expected revenue relative to Bayesian IC. We
also demonstrate that the expected revenue from the optimal
ex-post IC mechanism guarantees at most a (|Θ| + 1)/4
approximation to that of a Bayesian IC mechanism, where |Θ|
is the number of bidder types. Finally, using techniques
from automated mechanism design, we show that, for randomly
generated distributions, the average expected revenue
achieved by Bayesian IC mechanisms is significantly larger
than that for ex-post IC mechanisms.},
Key = {fds323531}
}
@misc{fds321848,
Author = {Albert, M and Conitzer, V and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Assessing the robustness of Cremer-McLean with automated
mechanism design},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {763-769},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9781577357001},
Abstract = {In a classic result in the mechanism design literature,
Cremer and McLean (1985) show that if buyers' valuations are
sufficiently correlated, a mechanism exists that allows the
seller to extract the full surplus from efficient allocation
as revenue. This result is commonly seen as "too good to be
true" (in practice), casting doubt on its modeling
assumptions. In this paper, we use an automated mechanism
design approach to assess how sensitive the Cremer-McLean
result is to relaxing its main technical assumption. That
assumption implies that each valuation that a bidder can
have results in a unique conditional distribution over the
external signal(s). We relax this, allowing multiple
valuations to be consistent with the same distribution over
the external signal(s). Using similar insights to
Cremer-McLean, we provide a highly efficient algorithm for
computing the optimal revenue in this more general case.
Using this algorithm, we observe that indeed, as the number
of valuations consistent with a distribution grows, the
optimal revenue quickly drops to that of a reserve-price
mechanism. Thus, automated mechanism design allows us to
gain insight into the precise sense in which Cremer-McLean
is "too good to be true.".},
Key = {fds321848}
}
@article{fds291781,
Author = {Krishna, RV and Lopomo, G and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Stairway to heaven or highway to hell: Liquidity, sweat
equity, and the uncertain path to ownership},
Pages = {104-127},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12013},
Abstract = {We study a setting in which a principal contracts with an
agent to operate a firm over an infinite time horizon when
the agent is liquidity constrained and privately observes
the sequence of cost realizations. We formulate the
principal's problem as a dynamic program in which the state
variable is the agent's continuation utility, which is
naturally interpreted as his equity in the firm. The optimal
incentive scheme resembles what is commonly regarded as a
sweat equity contract, with all rents back loaded. Payments
begin when the agent effectively becomes the owner, and from
this point on, all production is efficient. These features
are shown to be similar to features common in real-world
work-to-own franchising agreements and venture capital
contracts. © 2013, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12013},
Key = {fds291781}
}
@article{fds313840,
Author = {Krishna, RV and Lopomo, G and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Stairway to heaven or highway to hell: Liquidity, sweat
equity, and the uncertain path to ownership},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-127},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds313840}
}
@article{fds291796,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marx, LM and Sun, P},
Title = {Bidder collusion at first-price auctions},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {177-211},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-010-0104-9},
Abstract = {We show that in simple environments, a bidding ring
operating at a first-price sealed-bid auction cannot achieve
any gains relative to non-cooperative bidding if the ring is
unable to control the bids that its members submit at the
auction. This contrasts with results for the case in which
the ring can control its members' bids or prevent all but
one of the ring members from participating in the auction.
Numerical examples suggest that this result extends to some
more complex environments. The analytic results use linear
programming techniques that have potential applications to a
number of other economic problems. © 2010
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-010-0104-9},
Key = {fds291796}
}
@article{fds291793,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {The economics of contingent re-auctions},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {165-193},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.3.2.165},
Abstract = {We consider an auction environment where an object can be
sold with usage restrictions that generate benefits to the
seller but decrease buyers' valuations. In this environment,
sellers such as the FCC have used "contingent
re-auctions,"offering the restricted object with a reserve
price, but re-auctioning it without restrictions if the
reserve is not met. We show that contingent re-auctions are
generally neither efficient nor optimal for the seller. We
propose an alternative "exclusive-buyer mechanism"that can
implement the efficient outcome in dominant strategies. In
certain environments, parameters can be chosen so the
seller's surplus is maximized across all selling
procedures.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.3.2.165},
Key = {fds291793}
}
@article{fds291794,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Rigotti, L and Shannon, C},
Title = {Knightian uncertainty and moral hazard},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {146},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1148-1172},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2011.03.018},
Abstract = {This paper presents a principal-agent model in which the
agent has imprecise beliefs. We model this situation
formally by assuming the agent's preferences are incomplete
as in Bewley (1986) [2]. In this setting, incentives must be
robust to Knightian uncertainty. We study the implications
of robustness for the form of the resulting optimal
contracts. We give conditions under which there is a unique
optimal contract, and show that it must have a simple flat
payment plus bonus structure. That is, output levels are
divided into two sets, and the optimal contract pays the
same wage for all output levels in each set. We derive this
result for the case in which the agent's utility function is
linear and then show it also holds if this utility function
has some limited curvature. © 2011 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2011.03.018},
Key = {fds291794}
}
@article{fds291795,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marx, LM and McAdams, D and Murray,
B},
Title = {Carbon allowance auction design: An assessment of options
for the United States},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-43},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/req024},
Abstract = {Carbon allowance auctions are a component of existing and
proposed regional cap-and-trade programs in the United
States and are also included in recent proposed bills in the
U.S. Congress that would establish a national cap-and-trade
program to regulate greenhouse gases ("carbon"). We discuss
and evaluate the two leading candidates for auction format:
a uniform-price sealed-bid auction and an ascending-bid
dynamic auction, either of which could be augmented with a
"price collar" to ensure that the price of allowances is
neither too high nor too low. We identify the primary
trade-offs between these two formats as applied to carbon
allowance auctions and suggest additional auction design
features that address potential concerns about efficiency
losses from collusion and other factors. We conclude that,
based on currently available evidence, a uniform-price
sealed-bid auction is more appropriate for the sale of
carbon allowances than the other leading auction formats, in
part because it offers increased robustness to collusion
without significant sacrifice of price discovery. © The
Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf
of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/req024},
Key = {fds291795}
}
@article{fds291798,
Author = {Belloni, A and Lopomo, G and Wang, S},
Title = {Multidimensional mechanism design: Finite-dimensional
approximations and efficient computation},
Journal = {Operations Research},
Volume = {58},
Number = {4 PART 2},
Pages = {1079-1089},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0030-364X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4439 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Multidimensional mechanism design problems have proven
difficult to solve by extending techniques from the
onedimensional case. This paper considers mechanism design
problems with multidimensional types when the seller's cost
function is not separable across buyers. By adapting results
obtained by Border [Border, K. 1991. Implementation of
reduced form auctions: A geometric approach. Econometrica 59
1175-1187], we transform the seller's problem into a
representation that only involves "interim" variables and
eliminates the dimensionality dependence on the number of
buyers. We show that the associated infinite-dimensional
optimization problem posed by the theoretical model can be
approximated arbitrarily well by a sequence of
finite-dimensional linear programming problems. We provide
an efficient-i.e., terminating in polynomial time in the
problem size-method to compute the separation oracle
associated with the Border constraints and incentive
compatibility constraints. This implies that our
finite-dimensional approximation is solvable in polynomial
time. Finally, we illustrate how the numerical solutions of
the finite-dimensional approximations can provide insights
into the nature of optimal solutions to the
infinite-dimensional problem in particular cases. ©2010
INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/opre.1100.0824},
Key = {fds291798}
}
@article{fds291792,
Author = {Varma, GD and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Non-cooperative entry deterrence in license auctions:
Dynamic versus sealed bid},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {2},
Pages = {450-476},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-1821},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6451.2010.00415.x},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of potential entry on incumbent
bidding behavior in license auctions, in both dynamic and
sealed bid formats. Unlike sealed bid auctions, dynamic
auctions reveal information about the identities of
potential winners and allow bidders to revise their bids.
This helps incumbents to coordinate their entry deterrence
efforts. If entry is sufficiently costly for each incumbent,
only the dynamic auction has an equilibrium where entry is
deterred for sure. Numerical calculations suggest that,
regardless of how costly entry is for each incumbent, sealed
bid auctions can generate a higher probability of entry as
well as a more efficient allocation. © 2010 The Authors.
Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. and
the Editorial Board of The Journal of Industrial
Economics.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6451.2010.00415.x},
Key = {fds291792}
}
@article{fds313843,
Author = {VARMA, GD and LOPOMO, G},
Title = {NON-COOPERATIVE ENTRY DETERRENCE IN LICENSE AUCTIONS:
DYNAMIC VERSUS SEALED BID -super-*
},
Journal = {The Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {2},
Pages = {450-476},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of potential entry on incumbent
bidding behavior in license auctions, in both dynamic and
sealed bid formats. Unlike sealed bid auctions, dynamic
auctions reveal information about the identities of
potential winners and allow bidders to revise their bids.
This helps incumbents to coordinate their entry deterrence
efforts. If entry is sufficiently costly for each incumbent,
only the dynamic auction has an equilibrium where entry is
deterred for sure. Numerical calculations suggest that,
regardless of how costly entry is for each incumbent, sealed
bid auctions can generate a higher probability of entry as
well as a more efficient allocation. Copyright 2010 The
Authors. Journal compilation 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
and the Editorial Board of The Journal of Industrial
Economics.},
Key = {fds313843}
}
@article{fds291799,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Split-award procurement auctions with uncertain scale
economies: Theory and data},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-41},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2009.09.001},
Abstract = {In a number of observed procurements, the buyer has employed
an auction format that allows for a split-award outcome. We
focus on settings where the range of uncertainty regarding
scale economies is large and, depending on cost
realizations, the efficient allocations include split-award
outcomes as well as sole-source outcomes (one active
supplier). We examine the price performance and efficiency
properties of split-award auctions under asymmetric
information. In equilibrium, both award outcomes can occur:
the split-award outcome arises only when it minimizes total
costs; sole-source outcomes, however, occur too often from
an efficiency viewpoint. Equilibrium bids involve pooling at
a common price for the split award, and separation for
sole-source awards. We provide conditions under which the
buyer and suppliers all benefit from a split-award format
relative to a winner-take-all unit auction format. Model
predictions are assessed with data on submitted
'step-ladder' bid prices for a U.S. defense split-award
procurement. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2009.09.001},
Key = {fds291799}
}
@article{fds291791,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {The 'Google effect' in the FCC's 700 MHz
auction},
Journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {101-114},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0167-6245},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.03.001},
Abstract = {We describe and interpret bidding behavior in FCC Auction 73
for the C-block licenses. These licenses were initially
offered subject to an open platform restriction, which was
highly valued by firms such as Google. Google entered bids
until its bids reached the C-block reserve price, thereby
ensuring that the open platform restriction would be applied
to the licenses. Later in the auction, other bidders outbid
Google, so Google was able to trigger the open platform
restriction without having to purchase any of the licenses.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.03.001},
Key = {fds291791}
}
@article{fds340341,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {The [`]Google effect' in the FCC's 700Â MHz
auction},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {101-114},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We describe and interpret bidding behavior in FCC Auction 73
for the C-block licenses. These licenses were initially
offered subject to an open platform restriction, which was
highly valued by firms such as Google. Google entered bids
until its bids reached the C-block reserve price, thereby
ensuring that the open platform restriction would be applied
to the licenses. Later in the auction, other bidders outbid
Google, so Google was able to trigger the open platform
restriction without having to purchase any of the
licenses.},
Key = {fds340341}
}
@article{fds340340,
Author = {Anton, JJ and Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Split-Award Procurement Auctions with Uncertain Scale
Economies: Theory and Data},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-41},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {In a number of observed procurements, the buyer has employed
an auction format that allows for a split-award outcome. We
focus on settings where the range of uncertainty regarding
scale economies is large and, depending on cost
realizations, the efficient allocations include split-award
outcomes as well as sole-source outcomes (one active
supplier). We examine the price performance and efficiency
properties of split-award auctions under asymmetric
information. In equilibrium, both award outcomes can occur:
the split-award outcome arises only when it minimizes total
costs; sole-source outcomes, however, occur too often from
an efficiency viewpoint. Equilibrium bids involve pooling at
a common price for the split award, and separation for
sole-source awards. We provide conditions under which the
buyer and suppliers all benefit from a split-award format
relative to a winner-take-all unit auction format. Model
predictions are assessed with data on submitted
'step-ladder' bid prices for a U.S. defense split-award
procurement.},
Key = {fds340340}
}
@article{fds291790,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Simultaneous ascending auctions with complementarities and
known budget constraints},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105-124},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0938-2259},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-007-0217-8},
Abstract = {We study simultaneous ascending auctions of two identical
objects when bidders are financially constrained and their
valuations exhibit complementarities. We assume the budget
constraints are known but the values for individual objects
are private information, and characterize noncollusive
equilibria. Equilibrium behavior is affected by the exposure
problem. Bidders with higher budgets are more reluctant to
bid, because opponents with lower budgets may end up
pursuing a single object, thus preventing the realization of
complementarities. Therefore poor bidders may win both
objects when they do not have the highest valuation. © 2007
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-007-0217-8},
Key = {fds291790}
}
@article{fds291788,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Budget constraints and demand reduction in simultaneous
ascending-bid auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-142},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-1821},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6451.2008.00335.x},
Abstract = {The possibility, even if arbitrarily small, of binding
budget constraints in simultaneous ascending bid auctions
induces strategic demand reduction and generates significant
inefficiencies. Under mild conditions on the distributions
of the bidders' values, unconstrained bidders behave as if
they were liquidity constrained, even as the probability
that bidders are budget constrained goes to zero. © 2008
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6451.2008.00335.x},
Key = {fds291788}
}
@article{fds313844,
Author = {BRUSCO, S and LOPOMO, G},
Title = {BUDGET CONSTRAINTS AND DEMAND REDUCTION IN SIMULTANEOUS
ASCENDING-BID AUCTIONS -super-*
},
Journal = {The Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-142},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {The possibility, even if arbitrarily small, of binding
budget constraints in simultaneous ascending bid auctions
induces strategic demand reduction and generates significant
inefficiencies. Under mild conditions on the distributions
of the bidders' values, unconstrained bidders behave as if
they were liquidity constrained, even as the probability
that bidders are budget constrained goes to zero. Copyright
2008 The Authors.},
Key = {fds313844}
}
@article{fds291789,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Robinson, DT and Viswanathan,
S},
Title = {Efficient mechanisms for mergers and acquisitions},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {995-1035},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00452.x},
Abstract = {We characterize incentive-efficient merger outcomes when
payments can be made both in cash and stock. Each firm has
private information about both its stand-alone value and a
component of the (possibly negative) potential synergies. We
study two cases: when transfers can, and cannot, be made
contingent on the value of any new firm. When they can, we
show that redistributing shares of any nonmerging firm
generates information rents and provides necessary and
sufficient conditions for the implementability of efficient
merger rules. When they cannot, private information
undermines efficiency more when it concerns stand-alone
values than synergies. Here, acquisitions emerge as optimal
mechanisms. © 2007 by the Economics Department Of The
University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of
Social And Economic Research Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00452.x},
Key = {fds291789}
}
@article{fds340878,
Author = {Dai, C and Lewis, TR and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Delegating management to experts},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {503-520},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds340878}
}
@article{fds291797,
Author = {Dai, C and Lewis, TR and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Delegating management to experts},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {503-520},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00028.x},
Abstract = {Owners of property and assets frequently delegate decisions
about operating and maintaining their property to managers
who are better informed about local market conditions. We
analyze how owners optimally contract with managers who vary
in their expertise at prescribing service. We show that the
most expert managers offer the greatest variation in
operating recommendations. Owners benefit from dealing with
experts provided they contract sequentially, whereby terms
are negotiated gradually as the manager acquires
information. Copyright © 2006, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00028.x},
Key = {fds291797}
}
@article{fds291787,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM},
Title = {Inefficiency of collusion at english auctions},
Journal = {Contributions to Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1534-5971},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1534-5971.1156},
Abstract = {In its attempts to deter and prosecute big rigging, U.S.
antitrust authorities have focused on sealed-bid
procurements, rather than on ascending-bid auctions. One
possible justification for this focus is the idea, supported
by the existing theoretical literature, that collusion
creates inefficiency at sealed-bid auctions, but not at
ascending-bid auctions. We show when there is no pre-auction
communication and the collusive mechanism satisfies ex-post
budget balance, collusion does affect efficiency. In
particular, any collusive mechanism that increases cartel
members' expected payoffs relative to non-cooperative play
results in inefficiency either in the allocation among
cartel members or in the allocation between cartel and
non-cartel bidders, or both. Copyright © 1999-2005
Internet-Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1534-5971.1156},
Key = {fds291787}
}
@article{fds338562,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Merger Mechanisms},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {A firm can merge with one of n potential partners. The owner
of each firm has private information about both his firm's
stand-alone value and a component of the synergies that
would be realized by the merger involving his firm. We
characterize incentive-efficient mechanisms in two cases.
First, we assume that the value of any newly formed
partnership is verifiable, hence transfers can be made
contingent on the new information accruing after the merger.
Second, we study the case of uncontingent rules. In the
first case, we show that it is not optimal, in general, to
redistribute shares of non-merging firms, and identify
necessary and sufficient conditions for the implementability
of efficient merger rules. In the second case, we show that
the first-best can be obtained i) always, if the synergy
values are privately known but the firms' stand-alone values
are observable; ii) only with sufficiently large synergies,
if the firms' stand-alone are privately known; and iii)
never, if the set of feasible mechanisms is restricted to
"auctions in shares".},
Key = {fds338562}
}
@article{fds313842,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Simultaneous Ascending Bid Auctions with Budget
Constraints},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds313842}
}
@article{fds291785,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G},
Title = {Collusion via signalling in simultaneous ascending bid
auctions with heterogeneous objects, with and without
complementarities},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {407-436},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-937X.00211},
Abstract = {Collusive equilibria exist in simultaneous ascending bid
auctions with multiple objects, even with large
complementarities in the buyers' utility functions. The
bidders collude by dividing the objects among themselves,
while keeping the prices low. In the most collusive
equilibrium the complementarities are never realized. The
scope for collusion however narrows as the ratio between the
number of bidders and the number of objects
increases.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-937X.00211},
Key = {fds291785}
}
@article{fds313845,
Author = {Agrawal, V and Lopomo, G and Seshadri, S},
Title = {Web Based Capacity Allocation Strategies for Customers with
Heterogeneous Preferences.},
Journal = {Electronic Commerce Research},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {359-384},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1020515531179},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1020515531179},
Key = {fds313845}
}
@article{fds291783,
Author = {Lopomo, G},
Title = {Optimality and robustness of the English
auction},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-240},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.2000.0817},
Abstract = {In Milgrom and Weber's (1982, Econometrica 50, 1089-1122)
"general symmetric model," under a few additional regularity
conditions, the English auction maximizes the seller's
expected profit within the class of all posterior-implementable
trading procedures and fails to do so among all interim
incentive-compatible procedures in which "losers do not
pay." These results suggest that appropriate notions of
robustness and simplicity which imply the optimality of the
English auction for a risk-neutral seller must impose
"bargaining-like" features on the set of feasible trading
mechanisms. Journal of Economic Literature Classification
Numbers: D44, D82. © 2000 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/game.2000.0817},
Key = {fds291783}
}
@article{fds291786,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Ok, EA},
Title = {Bargaining, interdependence, and the rationality of fair
division},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {263-283},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2696409},
Abstract = {We consider two-person bargaining games with interdependent
preferences and bilateral incomplete information. We show
that in both the ultimatum game and the two-stage
alternating-offers game, our equilibrium predictions are
consistent with a number of robust experimental regularities
that falsify the standard game-theoretic model: occurrence
of disagreements, disadvantageous counteroffers, and
outcomes that come close to the equal split of the pie. In
the context of infinite-horizon bargaining, the implications
of the model pertaining to fair outcomes are even stronger.
In particular, the Coase property in our case generates
"almost" 50-50 splits of the pie, almost immediately. The
present approach thus provides a positive theory for the
frequently encountered phenomenon of the 50-50 division of
the gains from trade. Copyright © 2001,
RAND.},
Doi = {10.2307/2696409},
Key = {fds291786}
}
@article{fds291782,
Author = {Lopomo, G},
Title = {The English Auction Is Optimal Among Simple Sequential
Auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {82},
Number = {1},
Pages = {144-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1998.2425},
Abstract = {With private and affiliated buyer's values, the English
auction maximizes the seller's expected profit within a
large family of sequential bidding mechanisms, named "Simple
Sequential Auctions."Journal of Economic
LiteratureClassification Numbers: D44, D82. © 1998 Academic
Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeth.1998.2425},
Key = {fds291782}
}
@article{fds313841,
Author = {Economides, N and Lopomo, G and Woroch, GA},
Title = {Strategic Commitments and the Principle of Reciprocity
Interconnection Pricing},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds313841}
}
@article{fds291784,
Author = {Economides, N and Lopomo, G and Woroch, G},
Title = {Regulatory pricing rules to neutralize network
dominance},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1013-1028},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/5.4.1013},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates the effectiveness of several pricing
rules intended to promote entry into a network industry
dominated by an incumbent carrier. Drawing on the work of
Cournot and Hotelling, we develop a model of competition
between two interconnected networks. In a symmetric
equilibrium, the price of cross-network calls exceeds the
price of internal calls. This 'calling circle discount'
tends to 'tip' the industry to a monopoly equilibrium as
would a network externality. By equalizing charges for
terminating calls, reciprocity eliminates differences
between internal and cross-network prices and makes monopoly
less likely. Imputation counteracts an incentive by the
dominant network to 'price squeeze' a rival by eliminating
differences in the wholesale price of termination and the
implicit price for internal use. By increasing profits of
rival networks and increasing their subscribers' surplus,
imputation supports additional entry. Finally, an unbundling
rule reduces termination fees charged by a dominant network
that was engaging in pure bundling. Again, entry will be
facilitated as rival networks offer potential subscribers a
more attractive rate schedule.},
Doi = {10.1093/icc/5.4.1013},
Key = {fds291784}
}
%% Macartney, Hugh
@article{fds320601,
Author = {Macartney, H},
Title = {The Dynamic Effects of Educational Accountability},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-28},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/682333},
Doi = {10.1086/682333},
Key = {fds320601}
}
%% Marx, Leslie M.
@article{fds376300,
Author = {Iossa, E and Loertscher, S and Marx, LM and Rey, P},
Title = {Coordination in the Fight against Collusion},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {224-261},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20220194},
Abstract = {While antitrust authorities strive to detect, prosecute, and
thereby deter collusive conduct, entities harmed by that
conduct are also advised to pursue their own strategies to
deter collusion. The implications of such delegation of
deterrence have largely been ignored, however. In a
procurement context, we find that buyers may prefer to
accommodate rather than deter collusion among their
suppliers. We also show that a multimarket buyer, such as a
centralized procurement authority, may optimally deter
collusion when multiple independent buyers would not,
consistent with the view that “large” buyers are less
susceptible to collusion.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20220194},
Key = {fds376300}
}
@article{fds369878,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Bilateral Trade with Multiunit Demand and
Supply},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1146-1165},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4399},
Abstract = {We study a bilateral trade problem with multiunit demand and
supply and one-dimensional private information. Each agent
geometrically discounts additional units by a constant
factor. We show that when goods are complements, the
incentive problem-measured as the ratio of second-best to
first-best social surplus-becomes less severe as the degree
of complementarity increases. In contrast, if goods are
substitutes and each agent's distribution exhibits linear
virtual types, then this ratio is a constant. If the
bilateral trade setup arises from prior vertical integration
between a buyer and a supplier, with the vertically
integrated firm being a buyer facing an independent
supplier, then the ratio of second-best to first-best social
surplus is, in general, not monotone in the degree of
complementarity when products are substitutes and is
increasing when products are complements. Extensions to
profit maximization by a market maker and a discrete public
good problem show that the broad insight that
complementarity of goods mitigates the incentive problem
generalizes to these settings.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2022.4399},
Key = {fds369878}
}
@article{fds367903,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Asymptotically optimal prior-free asset market
mechanisms},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {137},
Pages = {68-90},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2022.10.013},
Abstract = {We develop a prior-free mechanism for an asset market that
is dominant-strategy incentive compatible, ex post
individually rational, constrained efficient, and
asymptotically optimal—as the number of agents grows
large, the designer's profit from using this mechanism
approaches the profit it would optimally make if it knew the
agents' type distribution at the outset. The direct
implementation first identifies the agent whose value equals
the Walrasian price. The second step can be described
algorithmically as consisting of ascending and descending
clock auctions that start from the Walrasian price, estimate
virtual types, and stop eliminating trades when the
estimated virtual value exceeds the estimated virtual cost.
The mechanism permits partial clock auction implementation.
Our approach accommodates heterogeneity among groups of
traders and discrimination among these, provided
heterogeneity is not too accentuated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2022.10.013},
Key = {fds367903}
}
@article{fds363861,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Double Markups, Information, and Vertical
Mergers},
Journal = {Antitrust Bulletin},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {434-441},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603X221103115},
Abstract = {In vertical contracting models with complete information and
linear prices, double markups that arise between independent
firms provide an efficiency rationale for vertical mergers
since these eliminate double markups (EDM). However, the
double markups vanish even without vertical integration if
the firms are allowed to use two-part tariffs. Hence, the
efficiency rationale for vertical mergers in models of
complete information requires restrictions on the contracts
that firms can use. In a sense, with complete information,
two-part tariffs are simply too powerful. If instead one
allows incomplete information and removes the restriction on
contract forms, then vertical mergers continue to have an
effect that is analogous to EDM, but they also have the
potential to affect the overall efficiency of the market to
the detriment of society. Consequently, the social surplus
effects of vertical integration depend on the underlying
market structure, and vertical mergers are, in and of
themselves, neither good nor bad. We illustrate through an
example that with incomplete information, the private
benefits from vertical integration tend to be excessive;
that is, vertical mergers remain profitable even when they
are socially harmful.},
Doi = {10.1177/0003603X221103115},
Key = {fds363861}
}
@article{fds365161,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {To sell public or private goods},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {385-415},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-022-00305-7},
Abstract = {Traditional analysis takes the public or private nature of
goods as given. However, technological advances,
particularly related to digital goods such as non-fungible
tokens, increasingly make rivalry a choice variable of the
designer. This paper addresses the question of when a
profit-maximizing seller prefers to provide an asset as a
private good or as a public good. While the public good is
subject to a free-rider problem, a profit-maximizing seller
or designer faces a nontrivial quantity-exclusivity
tradeoff, and so profits from collecting small payments from
multiple agents can exceed the large payment from a single
agent. We provide conditions under which the profit from the
public good exceeds that from a private good. If the cost of
production is sufficiently, but not excessively, large, then
production is profitable only for the public good. Moreover,
if the lower bound of the support of the buyers’ value
distribution is positive, then the profit from the public
good is unbounded in the number of buyers, whereas the
profit from selling the private good is never more than the
upper bound of the support minus the cost. As the variance
of the agents’ distribution becomes smaller, public goods
eventually outperform private goods, reflecting intuition
based on complete information models, in which public goods
always outperform private goods in terms of
revenue.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-022-00305-7},
Key = {fds365161}
}
@article{fds364239,
Author = {Miller, N and Berry, S and Morton, FS and Baker, J and Bresnahan, T and Gaynor, M and Gilbert, R and Hay, G and Jin, G and Kobayashi, B and Lafontaine, F and Levinsohn, J and Marx, L and Mayo, J and Nevo, A and Pakes, A and Rose, N and Rubinfeld, D and Salop, S and Schwartz, M and Seim, K and Shapiro, C and Shelanski, H and Sibley, D and Sweeting, A and Wosinska, M},
Title = {On the misuse of regressions of price on the HHI in merger
review},
Journal = {Journal of Antitrust Enforcement},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {248-259},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaenfo/jnac009},
Abstract = {The article explains why regressions of price on HHI should
not be used in merger review. Both price and HHI are
equilibrium outcomes determined by demand, supply, and the
factors that drive them. Thus, a regression of price on the
HHI does not recover a causal effect that could inform the
likely competitive effects of a merger. Nonetheless,
economic theory is consistent with the legal presumption
that a merger is likely to have adverse competitive effects
if it occurs in a concentrated market and makes that market
more concentrated.},
Doi = {10.1093/jaenfo/jnac009},
Key = {fds364239}
}
@article{fds362371,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Incomplete Information Bargaining with Applications to
Mergers, Investment, and Vertical Integration},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {112},
Number = {2},
Pages = {616-649},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/AER.20201092},
Abstract = {We provide an incomplete information bargaining framework
that captures the effects of differential bargaining power
in markets with multiple buyers and multiple suppliers. The
market is modeled as a mechanism that maximizes the expected
weighted welfare of the firms, subject to the constraints of
incentive compatibility, individual rationality, and no
deficit. We show that, in this model, there is no basis for
the presumption that vertical integration increases equally
weighted social surplus, while it is possible that
horizontal mergers that appropriately change bargaining
weights increase social surplus. Moreover, efficient
bargaining implies that in equilibrium noncontractible
investments are efficient.},
Doi = {10.1257/AER.20201092},
Key = {fds362371}
}
@article{fds362178,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Coordinated Effects in Merger Review},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {705-744},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/714919},
Abstract = {Coordinated effects are merger-related harms that arise
because a subset of postmerger firms modify their conduct to
limit competition among themselves, particularly in ways
other than explicit collusion. We provide a measure of the
risk of such conduct by examining the individual rationality
of participation by subsets of firms in market allocation
schemes. This measure of risk for coordinated effects
distinguishes markets that are at risk from those that are
not and distinguishes mergers that increase risk from those
that do not. A market’s risk for market allocation by a
subset of firms varies with the degree of outside
competition, symmetry and strength of the subset of firms,
buyers’ power, and vertical integration. We make precise
the widely used but rarely rigorously defined notion of a
maverick firm and provide foundations for a maverick-based
approach to coordinated effects. In addition, we identify
previously unrecognized trade-offs between unilateral and
coordinated effects.},
Doi = {10.1086/714919},
Key = {fds362178}
}
@article{fds349910,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Digital monopolies: Privacy protection or price
regulation?},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {71},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2020.102623},
Abstract = {Increasing returns to scale in data gathering and processing
give rise to a new form of monopoly, referred to here as
digital monopoly. Digital monopolies create new challenges
for regulators and antitrust authorities. We address two in
this paper: market power arising from improved match values
and from reduced privacy. The digital monopoly's profit and
social surplus always increase as privacy decreases.
However, consumer surplus is non-monotone in privacy.
Without privacy, the match value is perfect but completely
extracted by the digital monopoly. In contrast, as privacy
goes to infinity, match values and social surplus go to
zero. With regulated prices, consumer surplus is maximized
without privacy protection. As with natural monopolies,
price regulation thus remains an appropriate tool in the
digital age to capture the social benefits from increasing
returns to scale without harming consumers.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2020.102623},
Key = {fds349910}
}
@article{fds348931,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Asymptotically optimal prior-free clock auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {187},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2020.105030},
Abstract = {Clock auctions have a number of properties that make them
attractive for practical purposes. They are weakly group
strategy-proof, make bidding truthfully an obviously
dominant strategy, and preserve trading agents' privacy.
However, optimal reserve prices and stopping rules depend on
the details of underlying distributions, and so clock
auctions have proved challenging to implement in a
prior-free, asymptotically optimal way. In this paper, we
develop a prior-free clock auction that is asymptotically
optimal by exploiting a relationship between hazard rates
and the spacings between order statistics. Extensions permit
price discrimination among heterogeneous groups, minimum
revenue thresholds, and quantity caps.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2020.105030},
Key = {fds348931}
}
@article{fds348439,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {A dominant-strategy asset market mechanism},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {120},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2019.12.001},
Abstract = {Asset markets—institutions that reallocate goods among
agents with heterogeneous endowments, demands, and
valuations—abound in the real world but have received
little attention in mechanism and market design. Assuming
constant marginal, private values and known endowments and
maximum demands, we provide a detail-free, dominant-strategy
asset market mechanism that allocates efficiently or close
to efficiently, respects traders' individual rationality
constraints ex post, and never runs a deficit. If it does
not allocate efficiently, it sacrifices the trades that
under efficiency would involve the lowest-value trader who
efficiently would be allocated a positive amount. The
mechanism always allocates the quantity traded efficiently
and permits clock implementation. As the market becomes
large, the mechanism's efficiency loss converges to zero
under natural conditions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2019.12.001},
Key = {fds348439}
}
@article{fds347044,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Merger review for markets with buyer power},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {127},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2967-3017},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/702173},
Abstract = {We analyze the competitive effects of mergers in markets
with buyer power. Using mechanism design arguments, we show
that without cost synergies, mergers harm buyers, regardless
of buyer power. However, buyer power mitigates the harm to a
buyer from a merger of symmetric suppliers. With buyer
power, a merger increases incentives for entry, increases
investment incentives for rivals, and can increase
investment incentives for merging parties. Because buyer
power reduces the profitability of a merger, it increases
the profitability of perfect collusion relative to a merger.
Cost synergies can eliminate merger harm but also render
otherwise profitable mergers unprofitable.},
Doi = {10.1086/702173},
Key = {fds347044}
}
@article{fds346440,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Merger review with intermediate buyer power},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {67},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2019.102531},
Abstract = {Buyer power features prominently in antitrust cases and
debates, particularly as it relates to the potential for a
merger among suppliers to harm a buyer. Using a Myersonian
mechanism design approach, Loertscher and Marx (2019b)
provide a framework for merger review for markets with buyer
power, assuming that buyer power is a zero-one variable. In
the present paper, we extend this analysis by treating buyer
power as a continuous variable (technically, as a Ramsey
weight) that ranges from zero to one. This generalization is
relevant because, among other reasons, the Ramsey weight can
be interpreted as a conduct parameter that can be estimated.
Moreover, we establish the robustness of prior results to an
alternative way of modelling merger-related cost synergies,
and we show that when an acquiring firm's choice of target
is endogenous, its profit-maximizing choice depends on the
buyer's power.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2019.102531},
Key = {fds346440}
}
@article{fds345827,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Mix-and-match divestitures and merger harm},
Journal = {Japanese Economic Review},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {346-366},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jere.12237},
Abstract = {We consider the effects of a merger combined with a
divestiture that mixes and matches the assets of the two
pre-merger suppliers into one higher-cost and one lower-cost
post-merger supplier. Such mix-and-match transactions leave
the number of suppliers in a market unchanged but, as we
show, can be procompetitive or anticompetitive depending on
whether buyers are powerful and on the extent of outside
competition. A powerful buyer can benefit from a divestiture
that creates a lower-cost supplier, even if it causes the
second-lowest cost to increase. In contrast, a buyer without
power is always harmed by a weakening of the competitive
constraint on the lowest-cost supplier.},
Doi = {10.1111/jere.12237},
Key = {fds345827}
}
@article{fds340151,
Author = {Delacrétaz, D and Loertscher, S and Marx, LM and Wilkening,
T},
Title = {Two-sided allocation problems, decomposability, and the
impossibility of efficient trade},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {179},
Pages = {416-454},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2018.11.004},
Abstract = {Previous literature has shown that private information is a
transaction cost that prevents efficient reallocation in
two-sided setups with bilateral trade or homogeneous goods.
We derive conditions under which the impossibility of
efficient trade extends to rich environments in which buyers
and sellers have multi-dimensional private types,
accommodating many-to-many trades and heterogeneous objects.
If agents can be decomposed into unit constituents, the
allocation problem can be represented as an assignment game
and impossibility obtains through a generalization of
Shapley's (1962) result that buyers and sellers are
complements. We introduce a general family of payoff
functions that ensures decomposability and thus
impossibility.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2018.11.004},
Key = {fds340151}
}
@article{fds329403,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Auctions with bid credits and resale},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {58-90},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2017.09.002},
Abstract = {Bid credits favoring subsets of bidders are routinely
imposed on auctions and procurement auctions. These bid
credits result in inefficient auction outcomes, which create
pressure for post-auction resale or, in a procurement
context, for subcontracting. We show that the presence of
resale, in turn, affects bidding strategies in such a way
that auction outcomes are more likely to be inefficient and
less informative, making it harder for resale to correct
inefficiencies. The negative effects of bid credits and
resale can be mitigated through direct restrictions on
resale, tight caps on credits, reserve prices, anonymous
bidding, and enhanced competition.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2017.09.002},
Key = {fds329403}
}
@article{fds323717,
Author = {Marx, LM},
Title = {Defending against potential collusion by your
suppliers—26th Colin Clark Memorial Lecture},
Journal = {Economic Analysis and Policy},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {123-128},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2017.01.002},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eap.2017.01.002},
Key = {fds323717}
}
@article{fds323718,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {Club good intermediaries},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {430-459},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2016.05.007},
Abstract = {The emergence and ubiquitous presence in everyday life of
digital goods such as songs, movies, and e-books give
renewed salience to the problem of providing public goods
with exclusion. Because digital goods are typically traded
via intermediaries like iTunes, Amazon, and Netflix, the
question arises as to the optimal pricing mechanism for such
club good intermediaries. We derive the direct Bayesian
optimal mechanism for allocating club goods when the
mechanism designer is an intermediary that neither produces
nor consumes the goods, and we develop an indirect mechanism
that implements this mechanism. We also derive sufficient
conditions for the intermediary-optimal mechanism to be
implementable with revenue sharing contracts, which are
widely used in e-business.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2016.05.007},
Key = {fds323718}
}
@misc{fds313847,
Author = {Marx, LM and Kovacic, E and Marshall, RC and Schulenberg,
SP},
Title = {Coordinated Effects in Merger Review: Quantifying the
Payoffs from Collusion},
Booktitle = {Annual Proceedings of the Fordham Competition Law Institute:
International Antitrust Law & Policy, 2007},
Editor = {Hawk, BE},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds313847}
}
@article{fds313852,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM and Wilkening, T},
Title = {A long way coming: Designing centralized markets with
privately informed buyers and sellers},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {53},
Number = {4},
Pages = {857-897},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.53.4.857},
Abstract = {We discuss the economics literature relevant to the design
of centralized two-sided market mechanisms for environments
in which both buyers and sellers have private information.
The existing literature and the history of spectrum
auctions, including the incentive auction currently being
designed by the FCC, can be employed to analyze such
mechanisms. We compare the revenue- efficiency trade-off in
an environment with private information on one side of the
market versus the trade-off with private information on both
sides of the market; we provide an impossibility theorem for
the efficient allocation of goods using a deficit-free
mechanism when there is private information on both sides of
the market; we discuss practical deficit-free mechanisms for
various environments with two-sided private information; and
we provide a synthesis to guide market design efforts and
related research going forward. (JEL D44, D47, D82,
H82).},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.53.4.857},
Key = {fds313852}
}
@article{fds266989,
Author = {Marx, LM and Mezzetti, C and Marshall, RC},
Title = {Antitrust leniency with multiproduct colluders},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {205-240},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20140054},
Abstract = {We use a global games approach to model alternative
implementations of an antitrust leniency program as applied
to multiproduct colluders. We derive several policy design
lessons; e.g., we show that it is possible that linking
leniency across products increases the likelihood of
conviction in the first product investigated but reduces it
in subsequent products. Thus, firms may have an incentive to
form sacrificial cartels and apply for leniency in less
valuable products to reduce convictions in more valuable
products. Cartel profiling can mitigate this undesirable
effect, but also reduces the probability of conviction in
the first product investigated.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20140054},
Key = {fds266989}
}
@article{fds266990,
Author = {Kumar, V and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Samkharadze,
L},
Title = {Buyer resistance for cartel versus merger},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {71-80},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2015.02.002},
Abstract = {Abstract Procurement practices are affected by uncertainty
regarding suppliers' costs, the nature of competition among
suppliers, and uncertainty regarding possible collusion
among suppliers. Buyers dissatisfied with bids of incumbent
suppliers can cancel their procurements and resolicit bids
after qualifying additional suppliers. Recent cartel cases
show that cartels devote considerable attention to avoiding
such resistance from buyers. We show that in a procurement
setting with the potential for buyer resistance, the payoff
to firms from forming a cartel exceeds that from merging.
Thus, firms considering a merger may have an incentive to
collude instead. We discuss implications for antitrust and
merger policy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2015.02.002},
Key = {fds266990}
}
@misc{fds266995,
Author = {Marx, LM and Marshall, R and Mezzetti, C},
Title = {What Next? Cartel Strategy After Getting
Caught},
Booktitle = {Competition Law and Economics: Beyond Monopoly
Regulation},
Publisher = {East-West Center and Korea Development Institute Monograph
Series},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds266995}
}
@misc{fds266996,
Author = {Marx, LM and Green, R and Marshall, R},
Title = {Tacit Collusion in Oligopoly},
Pages = {464-497},
Booktitle = {Oxford Handbook on International Antitrust
Economics},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Editor = {Blair, R and Sokol, D},
Year = {2015},
ISBN = {0199859191},
Abstract = {Merger Review: How Much of Industry Is Affected in an
International Perspective? Journal of Industry, Competition
and Trade 8:1–19. Easterbrook, Frank H. 1983. Antitrust
and the Economics of Federalism. Journal of Law and
Economics 26: ...},
Key = {fds266996}
}
@misc{fds266997,
Author = {Marx, LM and Mazzetti, C},
Title = {Leniency, Profiling and Reverse Profiling: Strategic
Challenges for Competition Authorities},
Booktitle = {Anti-Cartel Enforcement in a Contemporary Age: The Leniency
Religion},
Publisher = {Hart Publishing},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds266997}
}
@misc{fds319295,
Author = {Marx, LM and Green, E and Marshall, RC},
Title = {Tacit Collusion in Oligopoly},
Pages = {464-497},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust
Economics},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press, USA},
Editor = {Blair, RD and Sokol, DD},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780199859191},
Abstract = {Merger Review: How Much of Industry Is Affected in an
International Perspective? Journal of Industry, Competition
and Trade 8:1–19. Easterbrook, Frank H. 1983. Antitrust
and the Economics of Federalism. Journal of Law and
Economics 26: ...},
Key = {fds319295}
}
@article{fds266998,
Author = {Loertscher, S and Marx, LM},
Title = {An Oligopoly Model for Analyzing and Evaluating
(Re)-Assignments of Spectrum Licenses},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {245-273},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-014-9427-y},
Abstract = {The Communications Act requires the Federal Communications
Commission to assess whether proposed spectrum license
transactions serve the public interest, convenience, and
necessity. We review the FCC’s implementation of this
component of the Act. We provide a tractable economic model
of competition among wireless service providers in which
spectrum licenses are a cost-reducing input. This model
allows us to evaluate the effects of (re-)assigning spectrum
licenses on economic outcomes and to define operational
measures of “warehousing” licenses. Calibrating the
model, we find little evidence of warehousing and that the
approved Verizon-T-Mobile-SpectrumCo transaction increased
social surplus.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-014-9427-y},
Key = {fds266998}
}
@misc{fds313848,
Author = {Marx, LM and Marshall, RC},
Title = {Section 1 Compliance from an Economic Perspective},
Volume = {2},
Booktitle = {William E. Kovacic Liber Amicorum An Antitrust
Tribute},
Publisher = {Exhibit A},
Editor = {Charbit, N and Ramundo, E},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9781939007438},
Abstract = {In the wake of William E. Kovacic Liber Amicorum - An
Antitrust Tribute - Volume I, this Volume II provides, in
the European tradition of Liber Amicorum, 27 contributions
from 37 prominent authors spanning various antitrust topics
across ...},
Key = {fds313848}
}
@article{fds313849,
Author = {Marx, LM and Mezzetti, C},
Title = {Effects of antitrust leniency on concealment effort by
colluding firms},
Journal = {Journal of Antitrust Enforcement},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {305-332},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {2050-0688},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaenfo/jnu008},
Abstract = {We provide an economic analysis of the incentives created by
an antitrust leniency programme, with particular attention
to incentives created for effort directed at the concealment
of collusion. The results point to a need for competition
authorities to consider the effects of concealment when
evaluating economic evidence of collusion. The results also
suggest possible benefits from increasing penalties for
cartels that use third-party facilitators.},
Doi = {10.1093/jaenfo/jnu008},
Key = {fds313849}
}
@misc{fds323312,
Author = {Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Meurer, MJ},
Title = {The economics of bidder collusion},
Volume = {194},
Pages = {367-397},
Booktitle = {International Series in Operations Research and Management
Science},
Publisher = {Springer US},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781461470946},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7095-3_14},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-4614-7095-3_14},
Key = {fds323312}
}
@misc{fds266991,
Author = {Marx, LM and Loerstcher, S},
Title = {Economics and the Efficient Allocation of Spectrum
Licenses},
Volume = {9781107034129},
Pages = {552-578},
Booktitle = {Mechanisms and Games for Dynamic Spectrum
Access},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Alpcan, T and Boche, H and Honig, M and Poor, V},
Year = {2014},
ISBN = {9781107034129},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524421.023},
Abstract = {In this chapter, we discuss the economics literature
underpinning the development of a market design approach for
both primary and secondary markets for spectrum licenses and
consider the practical implications for implementation.
Introduction. The development of mobile wireless
technologies for voice and data, and of the mechanisms used
to allocate electromagnetic spectrum for those uses,
provides an insightful case study into how markets work and
why market design matters for social outcomes. This chapter
introduces the key concepts and theorems from economic
theory and illustrates them based on the historical
development of mobile wireless services. Although there is
much to be learned from the experiences of countries around
the globe, given the prominent role that the US Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) has played historically, we
focus on the US experience. We show that under the
assumption that buyers and sellers are privately informed
about their valuations and costs, the distinction between
primary markets and secondary markets is critical for what
can be achieved with carefully designed allocation
mechanisms, where by a primary market we mean a situation in
which the seller (or possibly the buyer) of the assets also
chooses the mechanism, and by a secondary market we mean a
situation in which an entity other than a party to the
transaction chooses the trading mechanism and organizes the
exchange. The economics literature on mechanism design and
auction theory has primarily focused on designing primary
markets, notwithstanding a few notable exceptions such as
[21, 39, 42, 52]. We review the literature on primary market
design and show that for the primary market an efficient
allocation mechanism that does not run a deficit exists.
This is in stark contrast to the known results for secondary
markets, according to which such mechanisms do not exist.
Moreover, we derive a new result that generalizes these
impossibility results to the case of heterogeneous objects
and arbitrary quasilinear utility and profit
functions.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139524421.023},
Key = {fds266991}
}
@misc{fds266992,
Author = {Marx, LM and Marshall, R and Meurer, M},
Title = {The Economics of Auctions and Bidder Collusion},
Booktitle = {Game Theory and Business Applications, 2nd
Edition},
Publisher = {Springer},
Editor = {Chatterjee, K and Samuelson, W},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds266992}
}
@book{fds266994,
Author = {Marx, LM},
Title = {The Economics of Collusion: Cartels and Bidding
Rings},
Volume = {1},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2012},
ISBN = {0-262-01732-6},
Abstract = {Explicit collusion is an agreement among competitors to
suppress rivalry that relies on interfirm communication
and/or transfers. Rivalry between competitors erodes
profits; the suppression of rivalry through collusion is one
avenue by which firms can enhance profits. Many cartels and
bidding rings function for years in a stable and peaceful
manner despite the illegality of their agreements and
incentives for deviation by their members. In The Economics
of Collusion, Robert Marshall and Leslie Marx offer an
examination of collusive behavior: what it is, why it is
profitable, how it is implemented, and how it might be
detected. Marshall and Marx, who have studied collusion
extensively for two decades, begin with three narratives:
the organization and implementation of a cartel, the
organization and implementation of a bidding ring, and a
parent company’s efforts to detect collusion by its
divisions. These accounts--fictitious, but rooted in the
inner workings and details from actual cases--offer a novel
and engaging way for the reader to understand the basics of
collusive behavior. The narratives are followed by detailed
economic analyses of cartels, bidding rings, and detection.
The narratives offer an engaging entrée to the more
rigorous economic discussion that follows. The book is
accessible to any reader who understands basic economic
reasoning. Mathematical material is flagged with
asterisks.},
Key = {fds266994}
}
@article{fds267026,
Author = {Kovacic, WE and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and White,
HL},
Title = {Plus factors and agreement in antitrust law},
Journal = {Michigan Law Review},
Volume = {110},
Number = {3},
Pages = {393-436},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0026-2234},
Abstract = {Plus factors are economic actions and outcomes, above and
beyond parallel conduct by oligopolistic firms, that are
largely inconsistent with unilateral conduct but largely
consistent with explicitly coordinated action. Possible plus
factors are typically enumerated without any attempt to
distinguish them in terms of a meaningful economic
categorization or in terms of their probative strength for
inferring collusion. In this Article, we provide a taxonomy
for plus factors as well as a methodology for ranking plus
factors in terms of their strength for inferring explicit
collusion, the strongest of which are referred to as "super
plus factors".},
Key = {fds267026}
}
@article{fds313850,
Author = {Heeb, R and Kovacic, WE and Marshall, RC and Marx,
LM},
Title = {Cartels as Two-Stage Mechanisms: Implications for the
Analysis of Dominant-Firm Conduct},
Journal = {Chicago Journal of International Law},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {213-213},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Cartels often act like single dominant firms. Because there
are a number of difficulties in determining market effects
of single dominant firms, this article proposes that
enforcement policy recognize the connection between cartels
and firms engaged in monopolization. The resulting insight
would be useful to determine whether or not cartel conduct
should be viewed with suspicion when engaged in or by a
dominant firm in a similar industry. Many cartels do not
focus solely on suppressing interfirm rivalry; rather, many
operate as two-stage mechanisms: the first stage consists of
reaching a consensus on a plan to restrict output and curb
rivalry; the second stage consists of using exclusionary
behavior often featured in monopolization cases to ensure
the effectiveness of its efforts to restrict output.
Accordingly, antitrust authorities should look beyond the
suppression of interfirm rivalry and investigate
monopolization conduct. The focus on cartel applications of
monopolization behavior has advantages for empirical
investigation that illuminate the competitive significance
of conduct by which individual firms are claimed to have
monopolized markets. Currently, enforcement agencies often
treat anticompetitive behavior of cartels differently than
dominant firms because of the tendency to categorize
anticompetitive behavior as either a horizontal agreement
between competitors to suppress interfirm rivalry or
monopolization by a single dominant firm. It may be
appropriate to view some cartel behavior as a combination of
the two because some cartels exhibit single dominant firm
type behavior. This article extends Michael Porter’s
“Five Forces” to obtain a structure for understanding
both the suppression of interfirm rivalry and monopolization
conduct by a cartel and to show that monopolization
behaviors are common in practicing cartels. Recognizing the
analytical and behavioral links between the historically
separate areas of cartel and dominant-firm behavior suggests
a number of future directions for public enforcement policy
and research by competition authorities. This article posits
a number of suggestions and open questions for competition
agencies in order to help guide antitrust authorities as to
where they should direct monopolization resources. It
concludes that antitrust authorities should not segregate
anticompetitive behaviors into the two categories and should
aggressively investigate the presence or absence of
monopolization in cartels in order to prosecute and deter
anticompetitive behavior.},
Key = {fds313850}
}
@article{fds267031,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marx, LM and Sun, P},
Title = {Bidder collusion at first-price auctions},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {177-211},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-010-0104-9},
Abstract = {We show that in simple environments, a bidding ring
operating at a first-price sealed-bid auction cannot achieve
any gains relative to non-cooperative bidding if the ring is
unable to control the bids that its members submit at the
auction. This contrasts with results for the case in which
the ring can control its members' bids or prevent all but
one of the ring members from participating in the auction.
Numerical examples suggest that this result extends to some
more complex environments. The analytic results use linear
programming techniques that have potential applications to a
number of other economic problems. © 2010
Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-010-0104-9},
Key = {fds267031}
}
@article{fds267025,
Author = {Gayle, WR and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Richard,
JF},
Title = {Coordinated Effects in the 2010 Horizontal Merger
Guidelines},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-56},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-011-9303-y},
Abstract = {Recent research has highlighted the quantitative
contribution to merger analysis from extending unilateral
effects models to understand the payoffs to future potential
coordinated effects. Some of the emphasis of this research
appears to have made its way into the 2010 Horizontal Merger
Guidelines. In this paper, we demonstrate the quantification
of coordinated effects in an oligopoly and procurement
model, and we show that screens that are based on upward
pricing pressure are not adequate in mergers where
coordinated effects are a potential concern. © 2011
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-011-9303-y},
Key = {fds267025}
}
@article{fds267029,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {The economics of contingent re-auctions},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {165-193},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.3.2.165},
Abstract = {We consider an auction environment where an object can be
sold with usage restrictions that generate benefits to the
seller but decrease buyers' valuations. In this environment,
sellers such as the FCC have used "contingent
re-auctions,"offering the restricted object with a reserve
price, but re-auctioning it without restrictions if the
reserve is not met. We show that contingent re-auctions are
generally neither efficient nor optimal for the seller. We
propose an alternative "exclusive-buyer mechanism"that can
implement the efficient outcome in dominant strategies. In
certain environments, parameters can be chosen so the
seller's surplus is maximized across all selling
procedures.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.3.2.165},
Key = {fds267029}
}
@article{fds267030,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marx, LM and McAdams, D and Murray,
B},
Title = {Carbon allowance auction design: An assessment of options
for the United States},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-43},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/req024},
Abstract = {Carbon allowance auctions are a component of existing and
proposed regional cap-and-trade programs in the United
States and are also included in recent proposed bills in the
U.S. Congress that would establish a national cap-and-trade
program to regulate greenhouse gases ("carbon"). We discuss
and evaluate the two leading candidates for auction format:
a uniform-price sealed-bid auction and an ascending-bid
dynamic auction, either of which could be augmented with a
"price collar" to ensure that the price of allowances is
neither too high nor too low. We identify the primary
trade-offs between these two formats as applied to carbon
allowance auctions and suggest additional auction design
features that address potential concerns about efficiency
losses from collusion and other factors. We conclude that,
based on currently available evidence, a uniform-price
sealed-bid auction is more appropriate for the sale of
carbon allowances than the other leading auction formats, in
part because it offers increased robustness to collusion
without significant sacrifice of price discovery. © The
Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf
of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/req024},
Key = {fds267030}
}
@article{fds267022,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Slotting allowances and scarce shelf space},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {575-603},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1058-6407},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2010.00262.x},
Abstract = {Slotting allowances are payments made by manufacturers to
obtain retail shelf space. They are widespread in the
grocery industry and a concern to antitrust authorities. A
popular view is that slotting allowances arise because there
are more products than retailers can profitably carry given
their shelf space. We show that the causality can also go
the other way: the scarcity of shelf space may in part be
due to the feasibility of slotting allowances. It follows
that slotting allowances can be anticompetitive even if they
have no effect on retail prices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1530-9134.2010.00262.x},
Key = {fds267022}
}
@article{fds267024,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Break-up fees and bargaining power in sequential
contracting},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5},
Pages = {451-463},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2009.11.001},
Abstract = {When a buyer negotiates in sequence with two potential
sellers of a good, the outcome of each negotiation depends
on all three players' bargaining powers. Assuming all
parties are symmetrically informed, we find that the first
seller's payoff is increasing in his own and the second
seller's bargaining power. On the other hand, the second
seller's payoff is decreasing in the first seller's
bargaining power and, in some cases, also in his own
bargaining power. We characterize when contracts will
contain break-up fees. All results extend to the case of a
seller negotiating in sequence with two buyers. © 2009
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2009.11.001},
Key = {fds267024}
}
@article{fds267023,
Author = {Marx, LM and Squintani, F},
Title = {Individual accountability in teams},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {72},
Number = {1},
Pages = {260-273},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.05.009},
Abstract = {We consider a model of team production in which the
principal observes only the team output, but agents can
monitor one another (at a cost) and provide reports to the
principal. We consider the problem faced by a principal who
is prevented from penalizing an agent without evidence
showing that the agent failed to complete his assigned
actions. We show the first-best (high effort but no
monitoring) can be achieved, but only if the principal
assigns second-best actions. The principal requires
monitoring, but agents do not monitor, and as long as output
is high, the principal does not penalize agents who fail to
monitor. If the principal has the responsibility for
monitoring, the first-best outcome cannot be achieved, thus
we identify an incentive for delegated monitoring even when
agents have no informational advantage. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2009.05.009},
Key = {fds267023}
}
@article{fds267028,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {The 'Google effect' in the FCC's 700 MHz
auction},
Journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {101-114},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0167-6245},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.03.001},
Abstract = {We describe and interpret bidding behavior in FCC Auction 73
for the C-block licenses. These licenses were initially
offered subject to an open platform restriction, which was
highly valued by firms such as Google. Google entered bids
until its bids reached the C-block reserve price, thereby
ensuring that the open platform restriction would be applied
to the licenses. Later in the auction, other bidders outbid
Google, so Google was able to trigger the open platform
restriction without having to purchase any of the licenses.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.03.001},
Key = {fds267028}
}
@article{fds267021,
Author = {Marshall, RC and Marx, LM},
Title = {The vulnerability of auctions to bidder collusion},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {124},
Number = {2},
Pages = {883-910},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2009.124.2.883},
Abstract = {Previous work has addressed the relative vulnerability of
different auction schemes to collusive bidding. The common
wisdom is that ascending-bid and second-price auctions are
highly susceptible to collusion. We show that the details of
ascending-bid and second-price auctions, including bidder
registration procedures and procedures for information
revelation during the auction, can be designed to completely
inhibit, or unintentionally facilitate, certain types of
collusion. If auctions are designed without acknowledging
the possibility of collusion then the design will ignore key
features that impact the potential success of colluding
bidders. © 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard
College and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/qjec.2009.124.2.883},
Key = {fds267021}
}
@article{fds267020,
Author = {Kovacic, WE and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Schulenberg,
SP},
Title = {Quantitative analysis of coordinated effects},
Journal = {Antitrust Law Journal},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {397-430},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-6056},
Key = {fds267020}
}
@article{fds267018,
Author = {Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Raiff, ME},
Title = {Cartel price announcements: The vitamins
industry},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {762-802},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.07.001},
Abstract = {The primary manufacturers of vitamins admitted to
participating in international market-share-agreement
cartels for several years during the 1990s. Their announced
price increases appeared in leading trade journals. We show
that price announcements during the cartel period, and the
lead times before these prices took effect, were
fundamentally different in character from price
announcements when explicit collusion was less likely. These
differences are consistent with our model of price
announcements where we account for the importance to the
cartel of buyer acceptance of, or resistance to, a price
increase. Acceptance avoids costly market-share
reallocations among members of an explicit cartel. Logit
estimates show that after 1985, the likelihood of a price
announcement is largely driven by the length of time between
announcements, rather than cost or demand factors,
suggesting that the price announcements after 1985 stem from
cartel meetings. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.07.001},
Key = {fds267018}
}
@article{fds267019,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Rent shifting and the order of negotiations},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1109-1125},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.03.001},
Abstract = {When two sellers negotiate terms of trade with a common
buyer, the order in which the negotiations occur can affect
the buyer's payoff. This suggests that the buyer may have
preferences over which seller to negotiate with first. We
find that when the efficient outcome calls for the buyer to
purchase from only one seller, the buyer weakly prefers to
negotiate first with the inefficient seller, and when the
efficient outcome calls for the buyer to purchase from both
sellers, the buyer prefers to negotiate first with the
seller that has less bargaining power, or offers a smaller
stand-alone surplus, all else being equal. These conclusions
hold whether or not penalty clauses are feasible. © 2007
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2007.03.001},
Key = {fds267019}
}
@article{fds343271,
Author = {Connolly, M and Kwerel, E},
Title = {Economics at the federal communications commission:
2006-2007},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-120},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-007-9149-5},
Abstract = {This article focuses on media ownership and spectrum auction
design. These two issues have not only been particularly
important at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
over the last year, but also are being informed by economic
analysis either completed at the FCC or commissioned by the
FCC. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-007-9149-5},
Key = {fds343271}
}
@article{fds267016,
Author = {Marshall, RC and Marx, LM},
Title = {Bidder collusion},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {133},
Number = {1},
Pages = {374-402},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2005.12.004},
Abstract = {We analyze bidder collusion at first-price and second-price
auctions. Our focus is on less than all-inclusive cartels
and collusive mechanisms that do not rely on auction
outcomes. We show that cartels that cannot control the bids
of their members can eliminate all ring competition at
second-price auctions, but not at first-price auctions. At
first-price auctions, when the cartel cannot control
members' bids, cartel behavior involves multiple cartel
bids. Cartels that can control bids of their members can
suppress all ring competition at both second-price and
first-price auctions; however, shill bidding reduces the
profitability of collusion at first-price auctions. © 2006
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2005.12.004},
Key = {fds267016}
}
@article{fds313853,
Author = {van Binsbergen, JH and Marx, LM},
Title = {Exploring Relations Between Decision Analysis and Game
Theory},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Many authors have argued that proper modeling of the
strategic interaction between players requires a game
theoretic approach as opposed to a decision theoretic
approach. We argue in this paper, however, that there are
many environments in which decision analysis can deal with
strategic interactions just as well and we present
equivalence results for such environments. These equivalence
results allow the prescriptive decision analyst to use the
standard tools that a sound decision analysis requires,
including decision trees and sensitivity analysis, even when
confronted with strategic settings.},
Key = {fds313853}
}
@article{fds267000,
Author = {Kovacic, WE and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM and Raiff,
ME},
Title = {Lessons for competition policy from the vitamins
cartel},
Journal = {Contributions to Economic Analysis},
Volume = {282},
Pages = {149-176},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0573-8555},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0573-8555(06)82006-7},
Abstract = {Mergers have the potential for negative social welfare
consequences from increased likelihood or effectiveness of
future collusion. This raises the question of whether there
are meaningful thresholds for the post-merger industry that
should trigger significant scrutiny by the Department of
Justice or Federal Trade Commission. This chapter provides
empirical analyses relevant to this question using data from
the Vitamins Industry, where explicit collusion was
admittedly rampant in the 1990s. In analyzing prices in the
post-plea period, which is a period of potential tacit
collusion, we find that vitamin products with two
conspirators continue as if the explicit conspiracy never
stopped, while products with three or four conspirators
return to pre-conspiracy pricing, or lower, quite quickly.
Although it is difficult to extrapolate to other industries,
the evidence suggests that, by itself, a proposed reduction
in the number of firms manufacturing a given product from
four to three via a merger is not problematic in terms of
the efficacy of tacit collusion. The danger of a three firm
industry is that it is close to duopoly, and the benefits of
explicit collusion in a duopoly appear to be sustainable via
tacit methods well past intervention by enforcement
authorities. © Emerald Group Publishing
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0573-8555(06)82006-7},
Key = {fds267000}
}
@article{fds267017,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Upfront payments and exclusion in downstream
markets},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {823-843},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00114.x},
Abstract = {Although upfront payments are often observed in contracts
between manufacturers and retailers, little is known about
their competitive effects or the role retailers play in
securing them. In this article, we consider a model in which
two competing retailers make take-it-or-leave-it offers to a
common manufacturer. We find that upfront payments are a
feature of equilibrium contracts, and in all equilibria,
only one retailer buys from the manufacturer. These findings
support the claims of small manufacturers who argue that
they are often unable to obtain widespread distribution for
their products because of upfront payments. Copyright ©
2007, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0741-6261.2007.00114.x},
Key = {fds267017}
}
@article{fds267015,
Author = {Marx, LM},
Title = {Economics at the Federal Communications Commission},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {349-368},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0889-938X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-006-9120-x},
Abstract = {This article reviews several issues confronted by the
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) over the past year
and discusses some of the economic analysis employed by the
FCC in examining these issues. The article also identifies
areas in which future academic research would be valuable to
the agency. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-006-9120-x},
Key = {fds267015}
}
@misc{fds266993,
Author = {Marx, LM and Kovacic, W and Marshall, R and Raiff,
M},
Title = {Bidding Rings and the Design of Anti-Collusion Measures for
Auctions and Procurements},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Procurement},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Dimitri, N and Piga, G and Spagnolo, G},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds266993}
}
@article{fds340711,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM},
Title = {Inefficiency of Collusion at English Auctions},
Journal = {The B.E. Journal of Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-28},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {In its attempts to deter and prosecute big rigging, U.S.
antitrust authorities have focused on sealed-bid
procurements, rather than on ascending-bid auctions. One
possible justification for this focus is the idea, supported
by the existing theoretical literature, that collusion
creates inefficiency at sealed-bid auctions, but not at
ascending-bid auctions. We show when there is no pre-auction
communication and the collusive mechanism satisfies ex-post
budget balance, collusion does affect efficiency. In
particular, any collusive mechanism that increases cartel
members' expected payoffs relative to non-cooperative play
results in inefficiency either in the allocation among
cartel members or in the allocation between cartel and
non-cartel bidders, or both.},
Key = {fds340711}
}
@article{fds267027,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marshall, RC and Marx, LM},
Title = {Inefficiency of collusion at english auctions},
Journal = {Contributions to Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-28},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1534-5971},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1534-5971.1156},
Abstract = {In its attempts to deter and prosecute big rigging, U.S.
antitrust authorities have focused on sealed-bid
procurements, rather than on ascending-bid auctions. One
possible justification for this focus is the idea, supported
by the existing theoretical literature, that collusion
creates inefficiency at sealed-bid auctions, but not at
ascending-bid auctions. We show when there is no pre-auction
communication and the collusive mechanism satisfies ex-post
budget balance, collusion does affect efficiency. In
particular, any collusive mechanism that increases cartel
members' expected payoffs relative to non-cooperative play
results in inefficiency either in the allocation among
cartel members or in the allocation between cartel and
non-cartel bidders, or both. Copyright © 1999-2005
Internet-Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1534-5971.1156},
Key = {fds267027}
}
@article{fds267014,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Opportunism and menus of two-part tariffs},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {22},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1399-1414},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2003.11.003},
Abstract = {We show that a menu of two-part tariffs can solve the
opportunism problem identified by McAfee and Schwartz (1994)
[McAfee, R.P., Schwartz, M., 1994. Opportunism in
multilateral vertical contracting: nondiscrimination,
exclusivity, and uniformity. American Economic Review, 84
210-230] in vertical games with sequential contracting,
provided the sunk costs incurred by the first firm to invest
are not too large. If the seller were to engage in
opportunism with a second firm in an attempt to shift rents
from the first firm, the first firm could mitigate the
dissipation of its rents by choosing from its menu of
contract options the tariff with the higher marginal price
and lower fixed fee. The prospect of the first firm's
choosing the 'wrong' two-part tariff in the event of
opportunism is, in some environments, sufficient to make
opportunism unprofitable for the seller. © 2005 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2003.11.003},
Key = {fds267014}
}
@article{fds267013,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Opportunism in multilateral vertical contracting:
Nondiscrimination, exclusivity, and uniformity:
Comment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {94},
Number = {3},
Pages = {796-801},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0002828041464588},
Doi = {10.1257/0002828041464588},
Key = {fds267013}
}
@article{fds267010,
Author = {Barclay, MJ and Marx, LM and Smith, CW},
Title = {The joint determination of leverage and maturity},
Journal = {Journal of Corporate Finance},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-167},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-1199(02)00003-2},
Abstract = {We examine theories of leverage and debt maturity, focusing
on the impact of firms' investment opportunity sets and
regulatory environments in determining these policies. Using
results on strategic complementarities, we identify
sufficient conditions for the theory to have testable
implications for reduced-form and structural-equation
regression coefficients. Obtaining testable implications for
structural equations requires less from the theory but more
from the data than the reduced-form specification because it
requires an instrumental-variables approach. We examine this
trade-off between theory and statistical methods and provide
tests using two decades of data for over 5000 industrial
firms. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0929-1199(02)00003-2},
Key = {fds267010}
}
@article{fds267011,
Author = {MacDonald, G and Marx, LM},
Title = {Adverse specialization},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {109},
Number = {4},
Pages = {864-899},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/322084},
Abstract = {We analyze a multiple-activity, principal-agent model in
which the activities are naturally substitutable for the
agent and complementary for the principal. A basic result is
that the optimal compensation must cause the agent to view
the activities as complements. This complementarity is
achieved by employing a compensation scheme that is
typically nonmonotone and makes success on multiple
dimensions the sole source of large rewards. A number of
empirical implications follow, along with explanations for
some existing empirical findings. We also discuss
applications to compensation in specific
occupations.},
Doi = {10.1086/322084},
Key = {fds267011}
}
@article{fds267012,
Author = {Marx, LM and Mayers, D and Smith, CW},
Title = {Insurer Ownership Structure and Executive Compensation as
Complements},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-464},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2678118},
Abstract = {The authors apply results on complementarities to theories
of insurance companies' choices of ownership structure and
executive compensation. They identify minimal restrictions
on the interaction between firm policies and exogenous
characteristics for theories to have testable implications
for reduced-form regression coefficients. Obtaining testable
implications for structural-equation regression coefficients
requires additional identifying restrictions. The authors'
analysis highlights a basic tradeoff between theory and
statistical methods.},
Doi = {10.2307/2678118},
Key = {fds267012}
}
@article{fds313851,
Author = {Marx, LM and Matthews, SA},
Title = {Dynamic Voluntary Contribution to a Public
Project},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {67},
Number = {2},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We consider the dynamic private provision of funds to
projects that generate public benefits. Participants have
complete information about the environment, but imperfect
information about individual actions: each period they
observe only the aggregate contribution. Each player may
contribute any amount in any period before the contributing
horizon is reached. All Nash equilibrium outcomes are
characterized. In many cases they are all also perfect
Bayesian equilibrium outcomes. If the horizon is long, if
the players preferences are similar, and if they are patient
or the period length is short, perfect Bayesian equilibria
exist that essentially complete the project. In some of them
the completion time shrinks to zero with the period length
efficiency is achieved in the limit.},
Key = {fds313851}
}
@article{fds267004,
Author = {Kandel, E and M. Marx and L},
Title = {Odd-eighth avoidance as a defense against SOES
bandits},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-102},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00044-0},
Abstract = {We model the behavior of Nasdaq momentum traders, also known
as SOES bandits. We show, all things being equal, that the
profitability of SOES bandits decreases in the bid-ask
spread, but increases in the effective tick size. The
patterns we observe in the data provide support for the
model. We then discuss the plausibility of odd-eighth tick
avoidance by market makers as a defense against SOES
bandits.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00044-0},
Key = {fds267004}
}
@article{fds267006,
Author = {Kandel, E and Marx, LM},
Title = {Payments for order flow on Nasdaq},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-66},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00098},
Abstract = {We present a model of Nasdaq that includes the two ways in
which marketmakers compete for order flow: quotes and direct
payments. Brokers in our model can execute small trades
through a computerized system, preferencing arrangements
with marketmakers, or vertical integration into market
making. The comparative statics in our model differ from
those of the traditional model of dealer markets, which does
not capture important institutional features of Nasdaq. We
also show that the empirical evidence is inconsistent with
the traditional model, which suggests that preferencing and
vertical integration are important components in
understanding Nasdaq.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00098},
Key = {fds267006}
}
@article{fds267007,
Author = {Marx, LM},
Title = {Adaptive Learning and Iterated Weak Dominance},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-278},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1998.0660},
Abstract = {This article addresses the idea that rational players should
not play iteratively weakly dominated strategies by showing
that when a particular type of adaptive learning process
converges, then players must have learned to play strategy
profiles equivalent to those that survive iterated nice weak
dominance and, for certain games, equivalent to those that
survive iterated weak dominance. For games satisfying the
weak single crossing condition, the set of strategies that
survive iterated weak dominance is small in that its bounds
are pure strategy Nash equilibria. The results hold
regardless of the order in which dominated strategies are
eliminated.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification
Number: C72. © 1999 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/game.1998.0660},
Key = {fds267007}
}
@article{fds267008,
Author = {Marx, LM and Shaffer, G},
Title = {Predatory accommodation: Below-cost pricing without
exclusion in intermediate goods markets},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22-43},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2556044},
Abstract = {We show that below-cost pricing can arise in intermediate
goods markets when a monopolist retailer negotiates
sequentially with two suppliers of substitute products.
Below-cost pricing by one supplier allows the retailer to
extract rents from the second supplier. Thus, the retailer
and one supplier can increase their joint profit at the
expense of the second supplier. We consider the welfare
implications of below-cost pricing (welfare can increase or
decrease as a result of below-cost pricing) and provide
suggestions for when the courts should view below-cost
pricing in intermediate goods markets as anticompetitive and
when they should not.},
Doi = {10.2307/2556044},
Key = {fds267008}
}
@article{fds267009,
Author = {Frei, FX and Kalakota, R and Leone, AJ and Marx, LM},
Title = {Process variation as a determinant of bank performance:
Evidence from the retail banking study},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {45},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1210-1220},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.45.9.1210},
Abstract = {This paper explores the relation between retail banks'
branch-based processes and financial performance. There are
11 processes included in this study, which represent the
bulk of the activities performed in a typical retail branch
(e.g., opening checking accounts). The first finding of this
study is that the financial performance of banks that
perform better across these processes tend to be better than
that of other banks. In addition to the variation in process
performance across banks, there is also substantial
variation across processes within banks. That is, banks that
performed well in one process often performed quite badly in
another. We present an analytical model that shows that
improvement in process variation can be more important than
improvement in aggregate process performance when dealing
with certain customer segments. Empirical evidence from the
Wharton Financial Institution Center Retail Banking Study of
bank holding companies in the United States provides
support.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.45.9.1210},
Key = {fds267009}
}
@article{fds267001,
Author = {Marx, LM},
Title = {Efficient venture capital financing combining debt and
equity},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {371-387},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100580050022},
Abstract = {I present a model of venture capital contracting in which
contracts that involve a mixture of both debt and equity are
efficient and dominate pure-equity and pure-debt financing.
The optimal contract balances the venture capitalist's
incentive to intervene in the project and the entrepreneur's
desire for control. © Springer-Verlag 1998.},
Doi = {10.1007/s100580050022},
Key = {fds267001}
}
@article{fds267005,
Author = {Barclay, MJ and Kandel, E and Marx, LM},
Title = {The effects of transaction costs on stock prices and trading
volume},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Intermediation},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {130-150},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfin.1998.0238},
Abstract = {We study the effects of changes in bid-ask spreads on the
prices and trading volumes of stocks that move from Nasdaq
to the NYSE or Amex and stocks that move from Amex to
Nasdaq. When stocks move from Nasdaq to an exchange, their
spreads typically decrease, but the reduction in spreads is
larger when Nasdaq market makers avoid odd-eighth quotes.
When stocks move from Amex to Nasdaq, their spreads
typically increase, but again, the increase is larger when
Nasdaq market makers avoid odd eighths. We use this data to
isolate the effects of transaction costs on trading volume
and expected returns. We find that higher transaction costs
significantly reduce trading volume, but do not have a
significant effect on prices. Journal of Economic Literature
Classification Numbers: G10, G14. © 1998 Academic
Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jfin.1998.0238},
Key = {fds267005}
}
@article{fds267003,
Author = {Marx, LM and Swinkels, JM},
Title = {Order independence for iterated weak dominance},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-245},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0525},
Abstract = {In general, the result of the elimination of weakly
dominated strategies depends on order. We define nice weak
dominance. Under nice weak dominance, order does not matter.
We identify an important class of games under which nice
weak dominance and weak dominance are equivalent, and so the
order under weak dominance does not matter. For all games,
the result of iterative nice weak dominance is an upper
bound on the result from any order of weak dominance. The
results strengthen the intuitive relationship between
backward induction and weak dominance and shed light on some
computational problems relating to weak dominance. Journal
of Economic Literature Classification Number: C72. © 1997
Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/game.1997.0525},
Key = {fds267003}
}
@article{fds267002,
Author = {Kandel, E and Marx, LM},
Title = {Nasdaq market structure and spread patterns},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-89},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(96)00894-X},
Abstract = {Because of its institutional features, the Nasdaq market
does not fit the standard competitive model. We construct a
model that reflects the distinguishing characteristics of
the Nasdaq market. This model implies that in dealer markets
with a minimum price increment, competition among
market-makers does not necessarily drive spreads down to the
level of marginal cost. Using this result, we provide an
explanation for the odd-eighth avoidance documented in
Christie and Schultz (1994). We show that market-makers can
use odd-tick avoidance as a coordination device to increase
spreads. Evidence from Nasdaq supports our
hypotheses.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-405X(96)00894-X},
Key = {fds267002}
}
@article{fds313846,
Author = {Marx, LM and Rubenstein, JS and Colin, W and Jackson, D and Lockwood, C and Molloy, J},
Title = {Cost Effective Use of Muscle Relaxants: A Decision
Analysis},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {100},
Pages = {451-452},
Publisher = {American Academy of Pediatrics},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1098-4275},
Key = {fds313846}
}
%% Massari, Renzo A.
@article{fds42275,
Author = {R.A. Massari},
Title = {Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in State Processing and
Sentencing of Murder Cases},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~ram22/Discrim_in_Murder.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper studies the effect of racial and ethnic
discrimination in state processing and sentencing of murder
cases. I first show why models that do not account for the
combination of the defendant's and the victim's race fail to
find significant effects. I then show that, despite missing
socioeconomic controls and the potential endogeneity of
previous criminal record, a model can be specified so that
its estimators capture the effects of race left unexplained
by legally-relevant dimensions in such a way that they bound
racial discrimination from above. Specifically, the
estimates are an aggregate of racial discrimination in
justice and the effect of socioeconomic disparities
correlated to race, all operating in the same direction. I
find that cases with black defendants and white victims are
11.5 percentage points more likely to end in a guilty
outcome and result in 50% longer sentences than cases with
white defendants and black victims. Cases with Hispanic
defendants and white victims are 8.8 percentage points more
likely to end in a guilty outcome than those with white
defendants and Hispanic victims, but there is no significant
difference on sentence length.},
Key = {fds42275}
}
@article{fds42276,
Author = {R.A. Massari},
Title = {Who Discriminates In Case Processing? Looking Inside the
Black Box},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds42276}
}
@article{fds42277,
Author = {R.A. Massari},
Title = {Robust Bounds and the Evolution of Victim Race Effects in
Murder Arrests in the US},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds42277}
}
@article{fds42278,
Author = {R.A. Massari},
Title = {Norms and Common Property Resources: Solving Open Access
Externalities Through Endogenous Norms},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds42278}
}
%% Masten, Matthew A
@article{fds370362,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A and Zhang, L},
Title = {Assessing Sensitivity to Unconfoundedness: Estimation and
Inference},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-13},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2023.2183212},
Abstract = {This article provides a set of methods for quantifying the
robustness of treatment effects estimated using the
unconfoundedness assumption. Specifically, we estimate and
do inference on bounds for various treatment effect
parameters, like the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) and the
average effect of treatment on the treated (ATT), under
nonparametric relaxations of the unconfoundedness assumption
indexed by a scalar sensitivity parameter c. These
relaxations allow for limited selection on unobservables,
depending on the value of c. For large enough c, these
bounds equal the no assumptions bounds. Using a nonstandard
bootstrap method, we show how to construct confidence bands
for these bound functions which are uniform over all values
of c. We illustrate these methods with an empirical
application to the National Supported Work Demonstration
program. We implement these methods in the companion Stata
module tesensitivity for easy use in practice.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2023.2183212},
Key = {fds370362}
}
@article{fds374246,
Author = {Masten, MA},
Title = {Minimax-regret treatment rules with many
treatments},
Journal = {Japanese Economic Review},
Volume = {74},
Number = {4},
Pages = {501-537},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42973-023-00147-0},
Abstract = {Statistical treatment rules map data into treatment choices.
Optimal treatment rules maximize social welfare. Although
some finite sample results exist, it is generally difficult
to prove that a particular treatment rule is optimal. This
paper develops asymptotic and numerical results on
minimax-regret treatment rules when there are many
treatments. I first extend a result of Hirano and Porter
(Econometrica 77:1683–1701, 2009) to show that an
empirical success rule is asymptotically optimal under the
minimax-regret criterion. The key difference is that I use a
permutation invariance argument from Lehmann (Ann Math Stat
37:1–6, 1966) to solve the limit experiment instead of
applying results from hypothesis testing. I then compare the
finite sample performance of several treatment rules. I find
that the empirical success rule performs poorly in
unbalanced designs, and that when prior information about
treatments is symmetric, balanced designs are preferred to
unbalanced designs. Finally, I discuss how to compute
optimal finite sample rules by applying methods from
computational game theory.},
Doi = {10.1007/s42973-023-00147-0},
Key = {fds374246}
}
@article{fds374950,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A},
Title = {Choosing exogeneity assumptions in potential outcome
models},
Journal = {Econometrics Journal},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {327-349},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ectj/utad005},
Abstract = {There are many kinds of exogeneity assumptions. How should
researchers choose among them? When exogeneity is imposed on
an unobservable like a potential outcome, we argue that the
form of exogeneity should be chosen based on the kind of
selection on unobservables it allows. Consequently,
researchers can assess the plausibility of any exogeneity
assumption by studying the distributions of treatment given
the unobservables that are consistent with that assumption.
We use this approach to study two common exogeneity
assumptions: quantile and mean independence. We show that
both assumptions require a kind of nonmonotonic relationship
between treatment and the potential outcomes. We discuss how
to assess the plausibility of this kind of treatment
selection. We also show how to define a new and weaker
version of quantile independence that allows for monotonic
selection on unobservables. We then show the implications of
the choice of exogeneity assumption for identification. We
apply these results in an empirical illustration of the
effect of child soldiering on wages.},
Doi = {10.1093/ectj/utad005},
Key = {fds374950}
}
@article{fds367324,
Author = {Benson, D and Masten, MA and Torgovitsky, A},
Title = {ivcrc: An instrumental-variables estimator for the
correlated random-coefficients model},
Journal = {Stata Journal},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {469-495},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867X221124449},
Abstract = {We discuss the ivcrc command, which implements an
instrumental-variables (IV) estimator for the linear
correlated random-coefficients model. The correlated
random-coefficients model is a natural generalization of the
standard linear IV model that allows for endogenous,
multivalued treatments and unobserved heterogeneity in
treatment effects. The estimator implemented by ivcrc uses
recent semiparametric identification results that allow for
flexible functional forms and permit instruments that may be
binary, discrete, or continuous. The ivcrc command also
allows for the estimation of varying-coefficient
regressions, which are closely related in structure to the
proposed IV estimator. We illustrate the use of ivcrc by
estimating the returns to education in the National
Longitudinal Survey of Young Men.},
Doi = {10.1177/1536867X221124449},
Key = {fds367324}
}
@article{fds356441,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A},
Title = {Salvaging Falsified Instrumental Variable
Models},
Pages = {1449-1469},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17969},
Abstract = {What should researchers do when their baseline model is
falsified? We recommend reporting the set of parameters that
are consistent with minimally nonfalsified models. We call
this the falsification adaptive set (FAS). This set
generalizes the standard baseline estimand to account for
possible falsification. Importantly, it does not require the
researcher to select or calibrate sensitivity parameters. In
the classical linear IV model with multiple instruments, we
show that the FAS has a simple closed-form expression that
only depends on a few 2SLS coefficients. We apply our
results to an empirical study of roads and trade. We show
how the FAS complements traditional overidentification tests
by summarizing the variation in estimates obtained from
alternative nonfalsified models.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA17969},
Key = {fds356441}
}
@article{fds339933,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A},
Title = {Inference on breakdown frontiers},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-111},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1288},
Abstract = {Given a set of baseline assumptions, a breakdown frontier is
the boundary between the set of assumptions which lead to a
specific conclusion and those which do not. In a potential
outcomes model with a binary treatment, we consider two
conclusions: First, that ATE is at least a specific value
(e.g., nonnegative) and second that the proportion of units
who benefit from treatment is at least a specific value
(e.g., at least 50%). For these conclusions, we derive the
breakdown frontier for two kinds of assumptions: one which
indexes relaxations of the baseline random assignment of
treatment assumption, and one which indexes relaxations of
the baseline rank invariance assumption. These classes of
assumptions nest both the point identifying assumptions of
random assignment and rank invariance and the opposite end
of no constraints on treatment selection or the dependence
structure between potential outcomes. This frontier provides
a quantitative measure of the robustness of conclusions to
relaxations of the baseline point identifying assumptions.
We derive (Formula presented.) -consistent sample analog
estimators for these frontiers. We then provide two
asymptotically valid bootstrap procedures for constructing
lower uniform confidence bands for the breakdown frontier.
As a measure of robustness, estimated breakdown frontiers
and their corresponding confidence bands can be presented
alongside traditional point estimates and confidence
intervals obtained under point identifying assumptions. We
illustrate this approach in an empirical application to the
effect of child soldiering on wages. We find that
sufficiently weak conclusions are robust to simultaneous
failures of rank invariance and random assignment, while
some stronger conclusions are fairly robust to failures of
rank invariance but not necessarily to relaxations of random
assignment.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1288},
Key = {fds339933}
}
@article{fds341376,
Author = {Freyberger, J and Masten, MA},
Title = {A practical guide to compact infinite dimensional parameter
spaces},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {38},
Number = {9},
Pages = {979-1006},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474938.2018.1514025},
Abstract = {Compactness is a widely used assumption in econometrics. In
this article, we gather and review general compactness
results for many commonly used parameter spaces in
nonparametric estimation, and we provide several new
results. We consider three kinds of functions: (1) functions
with bounded domains which satisfy standard norm bounds, (2)
functions with bounded domains which do not satisfy standard
norm bounds, and (3) functions with unbounded domains. In
all three cases, we provide two kinds of results, compact
embedding and closedness, which together allow one to show
that parameter spaces defined by a ||.||s -norm bound are
compact under a norm ||.||c . We illustrate how the choice
of norms affects the parameter space, the strength of the
conclusions, as well as other regularity conditions in two
common settings: nonparametric mean regression and
nonparametric instrumental variables estimation.},
Doi = {10.1080/07474938.2018.1514025},
Key = {fds341376}
}
@article{fds335431,
Author = {Masten, MA},
Title = {Random coefficients on endogenous variables in simultaneous
equations models},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {85},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1193-1250},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdx047},
Abstract = {This article considers a classical linear simultaneous
equations model with random coefficients on the endogenous
variables. Simultaneous equations models are used to study
social interactions, strategic interactions between firms,
and market equilibrium. Random coefficient models allow for
heterogeneous marginal effects. I show that random
coefficient seemingly unrelated regression models with
common regressors are not point identified, which implies
random coefficient simultaneous equations models are not
point identified. Important features of these models,
however, can be identified. For two-equation systems, I give
two sets of sufficient conditions for point identification
of the coefficients' marginal distributions conditional on
exogenous covariates. The first allows for small support
continuous instruments under tail restrictions on the
distributions of unobservables which are necessary for point
identification. The second requires full support
instruments, but allows for nearly arbitrary distributions
of unobservables. I discuss how to generalize these results
to many equation systems, where I focus on linear-in-means
models with heterogeneous endogenous social interaction
effects. I give sufficient conditions for point
identification of the distributions of these endogenous
social effects. I propose a consistent nonparametric kernel
estimator for these distributions based on the
identification arguments. I apply my results to the Add
Health data to analyse peer effects in education.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdx047},
Key = {fds335431}
}
@article{fds335432,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A},
Title = {Identification of Treatment Effects Under Conditional
Partial Independence},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Pages = {317-351},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA14481},
Abstract = {Conditional independence of treatment assignment from
potential outcomes is a commonly used but nonrefutable
assumption. We derive identified sets for various treatment
effect parameters under nonparametric deviations from this
conditional independence assumption. These deviations are
defined via a conditional treatment assignment probability,
which makes it straightforward to interpret. Our results can
be used to assess the robustness of empirical conclusions
obtained under the baseline conditional independence
assumption.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA14481},
Key = {fds335432}
}
@article{fds324320,
Author = {Masten, MA and Torgovitsky, A},
Title = {Identification of instrumental variable correlated random
coefficients models},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1001-1005},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00603},
Abstract = {We study identification and estimation of the average
partial effect in an instrumental variable correlated random
coefficients model with continuously distributed endogenous
regressors. This model allows treatment effects to be
correlated with the level of treatment. The main result
shows that the average partial effect is identified by
averaging coefficients obtained from a collection of
ordinary linear regressions that condition on different
realizations of a control function. These control functions
can be constructed from binary or discrete instruments,
which may affect the endogenous variables heterogeneously.
Our results suggest a simple estimator that can be
implemented with a companion Stata module.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00603},
Key = {fds324320}
}
@article{fds324321,
Author = {Masten, MA and Poirier, A},
Title = {Partial Independence in Nonseparable Models},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324321}
}
@article{fds222345,
Author = {Matthew A Masten},
Title = {Random coefficients on endogenous variables in simultaneous
equations models},
Journal = {cemmap Working Papers},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://www.cemmap.ac.uk/uploads/cemmap/wps/cwp251515.pdf},
Key = {fds222345}
}
@article{fds285710,
Author = {Chicu, M and Masten, MA},
Title = {A specification test for discrete choice
models},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {121},
Number = {2},
Pages = {336-339},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2013.08.024},
Abstract = {In standard discrete choice models, adding options cannot
increase the choice probability of an existing alternative.
We use this observation to construct a simple nonparametric
specification test by exploiting variation in the choice
sets individuals face. We use a multiple testing procedure
to determine the particular kind of choice sets that produce
violations. We apply these tests to the 1896 US House of
Representatives election and reject commonly used discrete
choice voting models. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2013.08.024},
Key = {fds285710}
}
@article{fds305300,
Author = {Masten, MA and Torgovitsky, A},
Title = {Instrumental Variables Estimation of a Generalized
Correlated Random Coefficients Model},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.6643v2},
Abstract = {We study identification and estimation of the average
treatment effect in a correlated random coefficients model
that allows for first stage heterogeneity and binary
instruments. The model also allows for multiple endogenous
variables and interactions between endogenous variables and
covariates. Our identification approach is based on
averaging the coefficients obtained from a collection of
ordinary linear regressions that condition on different
realizations of a control function. This identification
strategy suggests a transparent and computationally
straightforward estimator of a trimmed average treatment
effect constructed as the average of kernel-weighted linear
regressions. We develop this estimator and establish its
$\sqrt{n}$--consistency and asymptotic normality. Monte
Carlo simulations show excellent finite-sample performance
that is comparable in precision to the standard two-stage
least squares estimator. We apply our results to analyze the
effect of air pollution on house prices, and find
substantial heterogeneity in first stage instrument effects
as well as heterogeneity in treatment effects that is
consistent with household sorting.},
Key = {fds305300}
}
@article{fds285711,
Author = {Abito, JM and Borovickova, K and Golden, H and Goldin, J and Masten, MA and Morin, M and Poirier, A and Pons, V and Romem, I and Williams, T and Yoon,
C},
Title = {How should the graduate economics core be
changed?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {414-417},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0485},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000299997700009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The authors present suggestions by graduate students from a
range of economics departments for improving the first-year
core sequence in economics. The students identified a number
of elements that should be added to the core: more training
in building microeconomic models, a discussion of the
methodological foundations of model-building, more emphasis
on institutions to motivate and contextualize macroeconomic
models, and greater focus on econometric practice rather
than theory. The authors hope that these suggestions will
encourage departments to take a fresh look at the content of
the first-year core. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/00220485.2011.607371},
Key = {fds285711}
}
%% Maurel, Arnaud
@article{fds358335,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes across cohorts in wage returns to schooling and
early work experiences},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711851},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the wage returns to schooling and
actual early work experiences and how these returns have
changed over the past 20 years. Using the NLSY surveys, we
develop and estimate a dynamic model of the joint schooling
and work decisions that young men make in early adulthood
and quantify how they affect wages using a generalized
Mincerian specification. Our results highlight the need to
account for dynamic selection and changes in composition
when analyzing changes in wage returns. In particular, we
find that ignoring the selectivity of accumulated work
experiences results in overstatement of the returns to
education.},
Doi = {10.1086/711851},
Key = {fds358335}
}
@article{fds358279,
Author = {D'Haultfoeuille, X and Gaillac, C and Maurel, A},
Title = {Rationalizing rational expectations: Characterizations and
tests},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {817-842},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/qe1724},
Abstract = {<jats:p>In this paper, we build a new test of rational
expectations based on the marginal distributions of
realizations and subjective beliefs. This test is widely
applicable, including in the common situation where
realizations and beliefs are observed in two different data
sets that cannot be matched. We show that whether one can
rationalize rational expectations is equivalent to the
distribution of realizations being a mean‐preserving
spread of the distribution of beliefs. The null hypothesis
can then be rewritten as a system of many moment inequality
and equality constraints, for which tests have been recently
developed in the literature. The test is robust to
measurement errors under some restrictions and can be
extended to account for aggregate shocks. Finally, we apply
our methodology to test for rational expectations about
future earnings. While individuals tend to be right on
average about their future earnings, our test strongly
rejects rational expectations.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.3982/qe1724},
Key = {fds358279}
}
@article{fds357216,
Author = {Magnac, T and Maurel, A and Shum, M},
Title = {Introduction to the special issue on advances in structural
microeconometrics},
Journal = {Annals of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {142},
Number = {142},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {GENES},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15609/ANNAECONSTAT2009.142.0001},
Doi = {10.15609/ANNAECONSTAT2009.142.0001},
Key = {fds357216}
}
@article{fds355895,
Author = {Belzil, C and Maurel, A and Sidibé, M},
Title = {Estimating the Value of Higher Education Financial Aid:
Evidence from a Field Experiment},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710701},
Abstract = {Using data from a Canadian field experiment on financial
barriers to higher education, we estimate the distribution
of the value of financial aid for prospective students. We
find that a considerable share of prospective students
perceive significant credit constraints. Most individuals
are willing to pay a sizable interest premium above the
prevailing market rate for the option to take up a loan,
with a median interest rate wedge equal to 6.8 percentage
points for a $1,000 loan. The willingness to pay for
financial aid is heterogeneous across students, with
discount factors playing a key role in accounting for this
variation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710701},
Key = {fds355895}
}
@article{fds358100,
Author = {Khan, S and Maurel, A and Zhang, Y},
Title = {Informational Content of Factor Structures in Simultaneous
Binary Response Models},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds358100}
}
@article{fds353525,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Joseph Hotz and V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Ex ante returns and occupational choice},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {128},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4475-4522},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710559},
Abstract = {Using data from Duke University undergraduates, we make
three main contributions to the literature. First, we show
that data on earnings beliefs and probabilities of choosing
particular occupations are highly informative of future
earnings and occupations. Second, we show how beliefs data
can be used to recover ex ante treatment effects and their
relationship with individual choices. We find large
differences in expected earnings across occupations and
provide evidence of sorting on expected gains. Finally,
nonpecuniary factors play an important role, with a sizable
share of individuals willing to give up substantial amounts
of earnings by not choosing their highest-paying
occupation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710559},
Key = {fds353525}
}
@article{fds352948,
Author = {D’Haultfœuille, X and Maurel, A and Qiu, X and Zhang,
Y},
Title = {Estimating selection models without an instrument with
Stata},
Journal = {Stata Journal},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {297-308},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867X20930998},
Abstract = {In this article, we present the eqregsel command, which
estimates and provides bootstrap inference for
sample-selection models via extremal quantile regression.
eqregsel estimates a semiparametric sample-selection model
without an instrument or a large support regressor and
outputs the point estimates of the homogeneous linear
coefficients, their bootstrap standard errors, and the
p-value for a specification test.},
Doi = {10.1177/1536867X20930998},
Key = {fds352948}
}
@article{fds346481,
Author = {D'Haultfœuille, X and Maurel, A and Qiu, X and Zhang,
Y},
Title = {Estimating Selection Models Without Instrument with
Stata},
Journal = {IZA Discussion Paper},
Number = {12486},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds346481}
}
@article{fds346482,
Author = {D'Haultfœuille, X and Maurel, A and Qiu, X and Zhang,
Y},
Title = {Estimating Selection Models Without Instrument with
Stata},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds346482}
}
@article{fds342518,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes Across Cohorts in Wage Returns to Schooling and
Early Work Experiences},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds342518}
}
@article{fds340633,
Author = {Ashworth, J and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Ransom,
T},
Title = {Changes Across Cohorts in Wage Returns to Schooling and
Early Work Experiences},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds340633}
}
@article{fds323959,
Author = {Belzil, C and Maurel, A and Sidibe, M},
Title = {Estimating the Value of Higher Education Financial Aid:
Evidence from a Field Experiment},
Number = {235},
Pages = {53 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710701},
Abstract = {Using data from a Canadian field experiment designed to
elicit risk and time preferences and quantify financial
barriers to higher education, we estimate the distribution
of the value of financial aid for prospective students, and
relate it to parental socio-economic background, individual
skills, risk and time preferences. Our results point to
credit constraints affecting a sizable share of prospective
students. We find that most of the individuals are willing
to pay a sizable interest premium above the prevailing
market rate for the option to take-up a loan, with a median
interest rate wedge equal to 6.6 percentage points for a
$1,000 loan. The willingness-to-pay for financial aid is
also highly heterogeneous across students, with preferences,
in particular discount factors, playing a key role in
accounting for this variation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710701},
Key = {fds323959}
}
@article{fds320602,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Aucejo, E and Maurel, AP and Ransom,
T},
Title = {College Attrition and the Dynamics of Information
Revelation},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {222},
Pages = {69 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This paper investigates the role played by informational
frictions in college and the workplace. We estimate a
dynamic structural model of schooling and work decisions,
where individuals have imperfect information about their
schooling ability and labor market productivity. We take
into account the heterogeneity in schooling investments by
distinguishing between two- and four-year colleges, graduate
school, as well as science and non-science majors for
four-year colleges. Individuals may also choose whether to
work full-time, part-time, or not at all. A key feature of
our approach is to account for correlated learning through
college grades and wages, whereby individuals may leave or
re-enter college as a result of the arrival of new
information on their ability and productivity. Our findings
indicate that the elimination of informational frictions
would increase the college graduation rate by 9 percentage
points, and would increase the college wage premium by 32.7
percentage points through increased sorting on
ability.},
Key = {fds320602}
}
@misc{fds340431,
Author = {Altonji, JG and Arcidiacono, P and Maurel, A},
Title = {The Analysis of Field Choice in College and Graduate School.
Determinants and Wage Effects},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {305-396},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780444634597},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Abstract = {As the workforce has become more educated, educational
decisions are about what type of education to pursue as well
as how much to pursue. In college, individuals somewhat
specialize through their choice of college major. Further
specialization occurs in graduate school. This chapter
investigates how majors and graduate school affect labor
market outcomes, as well as how individuals make these
potentially important decisions. To do so, we develop a
dynamic model of educational decision-making. In light of
the model, we examine the estimation issues associated with
obtaining causal effects of educational choices on earnings.
We then examine ways that authors have overcome the
selection problem, as well as the approaches authors have
taken to estimate the process by which these educational
decisions are made. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Key = {fds340431}
}
@article{fds318181,
Author = {Maurel, AP and Altonji, J and Arcidiacono, P},
Title = {The Analysis of Field Choice in College and Graduate School:
Determinants and Wage Effects},
Journal = {In Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {305-396},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Editor = {Hanushek, E and Machin, S and Woessmann, L},
Year = {2016},
ISBN = {9780444634597},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Abstract = {As the workforce has become more educated, educational
decisions are about what type of education to pursue as well
as how much to pursue. In college, individuals somewhat
specialize through their choice of college major. Further
specialization occurs in graduate school. This chapter
investigates how majors and graduate school affect labor
market outcomes, as well as how individuals make these
potentially important decisions. To do so, we develop a
dynamic model of educational decision-making. In light of
the model, we examine the estimation issues associated with
obtaining causal effects of educational choices on earnings.
We then examine ways that authors have overcome the
selection problem, as well as the approaches authors have
taken to estimate the process by which these educational
decisions are made. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00007-5},
Key = {fds318181}
}
@article{fds359882,
Author = {Maurel, A},
Title = {Quels sont les déterminants des choix d'orientation dans
l'enseignement supérieur?},
Journal = {Reflets et Perspectives de la Vie Economique},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-79},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rce.016.0069},
Abstract = {Students who enroll in post-secondary education have to make
a number of choices, such as which type of college or which
major to attend, with important implications regarding their
future earnings and career prospects. It is crucial,
especially from a policy standpoint, to try and understand
how those decisions are made. Economic research on this
question has focused on the key role of preferences and
abilities for different fields of study, as well as on the
importance of imperfect information and the effect of
parental income on these choices.},
Doi = {10.3917/rce.016.0069},
Key = {fds359882}
}
@article{fds333801,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, VJ and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Recovering Ex Ante Returns and Preferences for Occupations
Using Subjective Expectations Data},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds333801}
}
@article{fds320603,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Hotz, V and Maurel, A and Romano,
T},
Title = {Recovering Ex Ante Returns and Preferences for Occupations
Using Subjective Expectations Data},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {178},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We show that data on subjective expectations, especially on
outcomes from counterfactual choices and choice
probabilities, are a powerful tool in recovering ex ante
treatment effects as well as preferences for different
treatments. In this paper we focus on the choice of
occupation, and use elicited beliefs from a sample of male
undergraduates at Duke University. By asking individuals
about potential earnings associated with counterfactual
choices of college majors and occupations, we can recover
the distribution of the ex ante monetary returns to
particular occupations, and how these returns vary across
majors. We then propose a model of occupational choice which
allows us to link subjective data on earnings and choice
probabilities with the non-pecuniary preferences for each
occupation. We find large differences in expected earnings
across occupations, and substantial heterogeneity across
individuals in the corresponding ex ante returns. However,
while sorting across occupations is partly driven by the ex
ante monetary returns, non-monetary factors play a key role
in this decision. Finally, our results point to the
existence of sizable complementarities between college major
and occupations, both in terms of earnings and non-monetary
benefits.},
Key = {fds320603}
}
@article{fds320604,
Author = {D'Haultfœuille, X and Maurel, AP and Zhang, Y},
Title = {Extremal Quantile Regressions for Selection Models and the
Black-White Wage Gap},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {203},
Number = {177},
Pages = {66 pages},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.11.004},
Abstract = {We consider the estimation of a semiparametric
location-scale model subject to endogenous selection, in the
absence of an instrument or a large support regressor.
Identification relies on the independence between the
covariates and selection, for arbitrarily large values of
the outcome. In this context, we propose a simple estimator,
which combines extremal quantile regressions with minimum
distance. We establish the asymptotic normality of this
estimator by extending previous results on extremal quantile
regressions to allow for selection. Finally, we apply our
method to estimate the black-white wage gap among males from
the NLSY79 and NLSY97. We find that premarket factors such
as AFQT and family background characteristics play a key
role in explaining the level and evolution of the
black-white wage gap.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.11.004},
Key = {fds320604}
}
@article{fds320605,
Author = {Clark, B and Joubert, C and Maurel, AP},
Title = {The Career Prospects of Overeducated Americans},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {6},
Number = {176},
Pages = {48 pages},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40172-017-0053-4},
Abstract = {In this paper we analyze career dynamics for the large share
of U.S. workers who have more schooling than their peers in
the same occupation. We use data from the NLSY79 combined
with the CPS to analyze transitions into and out of
overeducated employment, together with the corresponding
effects on wages. Overeducation is a fairly persistent
phenomenon at the aggregate and individual levels, with 66%
of workers remaining overeducated after one year.
Overeducation is not only more common, but also more
persistent among blacks and low-AFQT individuals. Further,
the hazard rate out of overeducation drops by about 60%
during the first 5 years spent overeducated. However, the
estimation of a mixed proportional hazard model suggests
that this is attributable to selection on unobservables
rather than true duration dependence. Finally, overeducation
is associated with lower current as well as future wages,
which points to the existence of scarring
effects.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40172-017-0053-4},
Key = {fds320605}
}
@article{fds294361,
Author = {D'Haultfœuille, X and Maurel, A},
Title = {Inference on an extended Roy model, with an application to
schooling decisions in France},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {174},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-106},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.01.005},
Abstract = {This paper considers the identification and estimation of an
extension of Roy's model (1951) of sectoral choice, which
includes a non-pecuniary component in the selection equation
and allows for uncertainty on potential earnings. We focus
on the identification of the non-pecuniary component, which
is key to disentangling the relative importance of monetary
incentives versus preferences in the context of sorting
across sectors. By making the most of the structure of the
selection equation, we show that this component is point
identified from the knowledge of the covariate effects on
earnings, as soon as one covariate is continuous. Notably,
and in contrast to most results on the identification of Roy
models, this implies that identification can be achieved
without any exclusion restriction nor large support
condition on the covariates. As a by-product, bounds are
obtained on the distribution of the ex ante monetary
returns. We propose a three-stage semiparametric estimation
procedure for this model, which yields root-n consistent and
asymptotically normal estimators. Finally, we apply our
results to the educational context, by providing new
evidence from French data that non-pecuniary factors are a
key determinant of higher education attendance decisions. ©
2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.01.005},
Key = {fds294361}
}
@article{fds294362,
Author = {D'Haultfoeuille, X and Maurel, A},
Title = {Another look at the identification at infinity of sample
selection models},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {213-224},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S026646661200028X},
Abstract = {It is often believed that without instruments, endogenous
sample selection models are identified only if a covariate
with a large support is available (see, e.g., Chamberlain,
1986, Journal of Econometrics 32, 189-218; Lewbel, 2007,
Journal of Econometrics141, 777-806). We propose a new
identification strategy mainly based on the condition that
the selection variable becomes independent of the covariates
for large values of the outcome. No large support on the
covariates is required. Moreover, we prove that this
condition is testable. We finally show that our strategy can
be applied to the identification of generalized Roy models.
© 2012 Cambridge University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S026646661200028X},
Key = {fds294362}
}
@article{fds294365,
Author = {Buscha, F and Maurel, A and Page, L and Speckesser,
S},
Title = {The Effect of Employment while in High School on Educational
Attainment: A Conditional Difference-in-Differences
Approach},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {3},
Pages = {380-396},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0305-9049},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.2011.00650.x},
Abstract = {Using American panel data from the National Education
Longitudinal Study of 1988, this article investigates the
effect of working during grade 12 on attainment. We employ,
for the first time in the related literature, a
semiparametric propensity score matching approach combined
with difference-in-differences. We address selection on both
observables and unobservables associated with part-time work
decisions, without the need for instrumental variable. Once
such factors are controlled for, little to no effects on
reading and math scores are found. Overall, our results
therefore suggest a negligible academic cost from part-time
working by the end of high school. © 2011 Blackwell
Publishing Ltd and the Department of Economics, University
of Oxford.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0084.2011.00650.x},
Key = {fds294365}
}
@article{fds294363,
Author = {Beffy, M and Fougère, D and Maurel, A},
Title = {Choosing the field of study in postsecondary education: Do
expected earnings matter?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {1},
Pages = {334-347},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00212},
Abstract = {This paper examines the determinants of the choice of the
college major when the length of studies and future earnings
are uncertain. We estimate a three-stage schooling decision
model, focusing on the effect of expected earnings on major
choice. We control for dynamic selection through the use of
mixture distributions. Exploiting variations across the
French business cycle in the relative returns to the majors,
our results yield a very low, though significant, elasticity
of major choice to expected earnings. This suggests that at
least for the French university context, nonpecuniary
factors are a key determinant of schooling choices. © 2011
by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00212},
Key = {fds294363}
}
@article{fds294364,
Author = {Beffy, M and Fougère, D and Maurel, A},
Title = {L'impact du travail salarié des étudiants sur la réussite
et la poursuite des études universitaires},
Journal = {Economie et Statistique},
Volume = {422},
Number = {422},
Pages = {31-50},
Publisher = {PERSEE Program},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0336-1454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/estat.2009.8017},
Doi = {10.3406/estat.2009.8017},
Key = {fds294364}
}
%% McAdams, David
@article{fds368570,
Author = {McAdams, D and Song, Y and Zou, D},
Title = {Equilibrium social activity during an epidemic},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {207},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2022.105591},
Abstract = {During an infectious-disease epidemic, people make choices
that impact transmission, trading off the risk of infection
with the social-economic benefits of activity. We
investigate how the qualitative features of an epidemic's
Nash-equilibrium trajectory depend on the nature of the
economic benefits that people get from activity. If economic
benefits do not depend on how many others are active, as
usually modeled, then there is a unique equilibrium
trajectory, the epidemic eventually reaches a steady state,
and agents born into the steady state have zero expected
lifetime welfare. On the other hand, if the benefit of
activity increases as others are more active (“social
benefits”) and the disease is sufficiently severe, then
there are always multiple equilibrium trajectories,
including some that never settle into a steady state and
that welfare dominate any given steady-state equilibrium.
Within this framework, we analyze the equilibrium impact of
a policy that modestly reduces the transmission rate. Such a
policy has no long-run effect on society-wide welfare absent
social benefits, but can raise long-run welfare if there are
social benefits and the epidemic never settles into a steady
state.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2022.105591},
Key = {fds368570}
}
@article{fds365835,
Author = {Jackson, MO and Malladi, S and McAdams, D},
Title = {Learning through the grapevine and the impact of the breadth
and depth of social networks.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {34},
Pages = {e2205549119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2205549119},
Abstract = {We study how communication platforms can improve social
learning without censoring or fact-checking messages, when
they have members who deliberately and/or inadvertently
distort information. Message fidelity depends on social
network depth (how many times information can be relayed)
and breadth (the number of others with whom a typical user
shares information). We characterize how the expected number
of true minus false messages depends on breadth and depth of
the network and the noise structure. Message fidelity can be
improved by capping depth or, if that is not possible,
limiting breadth, e.g., by capping the number of people to
whom someone can forward a given message. Although caps
reduce total communication, they increase the fraction of
received messages that have traveled shorter distances and
have had less opportunity to be altered, thereby increasing
the signal-to-noise ratio.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2205549119},
Key = {fds365835}
}
@article{fds360036,
Author = {Day, T and Kennedy, DA and Read, AF and McAdams, D},
Title = {The economics of managing evolution.},
Journal = {PLoS biology},
Volume = {19},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e3001409},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001409},
Abstract = {Humans are altering biological systems at unprecedented
rates, and these alterations often have longer-term
evolutionary impacts. Most obvious is the spread of
resistance to pesticides and antibiotics. There are a wide
variety of management strategies available to slow this
evolution, and there are many reasons for using them. In
this paper, we focus on the economic aspects of evolution
management and ask: When is it economically beneficial for
an individual decision-maker to invest in evolution
management? We derive a simple dimensionless inequality
showing that it is cost-effective to manage evolution when
the percentage increase in the effective life span of the
biological resource that management generates is larger than
the percentage increase in annual profit that could be
obtained by not managing evolution. We show how this
inequality can be used to determine optimal investment
choices for single decision-makers, to determine Nash
equilibrium investment choices for multiple interacting
decision-makers, and to examine how these equilibrium
choices respond to regulatory interventions aimed at
stimulating investment in evolution management. Our results
are illustrated with examples involving Bacillus
thuringiensis (Bt) crops and antibiotic use in fish
farming.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3001409},
Key = {fds360036}
}
@article{fds355629,
Author = {Årdal, C and McAdams, D and Wester, AL and Møgedal,
S},
Title = {Adapting environmental surveillance for polio to the need to
track antimicrobial resistance.},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {99},
Number = {3},
Pages = {239-240},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.20.258905},
Doi = {10.2471/blt.20.258905},
Key = {fds355629}
}
@article{fds358781,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {The Blossoming of Economic Epidemiology},
Journal = {Annual Review of Economics},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {539-570},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-082120-122900},
Abstract = {Infectious diseases, ideas, new products, and other
infectants spread in epidemic fashion through social
contact. The COVID-19 pandemic, the proliferation of fake
news, and the rise of antimicrobial resistance have thrust
economic epidemiology into the forefront of public policy
debate and reinvigorated the field. Focusing for
concreteness on disease-causing pathogens, this review
provides a taxonomy of economic-epidemic models, emphasizing
both the biology/immunology of the disease and the economics
of the social context. An economic epidemic is one whose
diffusion through the agent population is generated by
agents' endogenous behavior. I highlight properties of the
equilibrium epidemic trajectory and discuss ways in which
public health authorities can change the game for the better
by (a) imposing restrictions on agent activity to reduce the
harm done during a viral outbreak and (b) enabling
diagnostic-informed interventions to slow or even reverse
the rise of antibiotic resistance.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-082120-122900},
Key = {fds358781}
}
@article{fds354246,
Author = {McAdams, D and McDade, KK and Ogbuoji, O and Johnson, M and Dixit, S and Yamey, G},
Title = {Incentivising wealthy nations to participate in the COVID-19
Vaccine Global Access Facility (COVAX): a game theory
perspective.},
Journal = {BMJ global health},
Volume = {5},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e003627},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003627},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003627},
Key = {fds354246}
}
@article{fds355285,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Nash SIR: An Economic-Epidemiological Model of Strategic
Behavior During a Viral Epidemic},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds355285}
}
@article{fds347209,
Author = {Årdal, C and Balasegaram, M and Laxminarayan, R and McAdams, D and Outterson, K and Rex, JH and Sumpradit, N},
Title = {Antibiotic development - economic, regulatory and societal
challenges.},
Journal = {Nature reviews. Microbiology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {5},
Pages = {267-274},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0293-3},
Doi = {10.1038/s41579-019-0293-3},
Key = {fds347209}
}
@article{fds343756,
Author = {McAdams, D and Wollein Waldetoft and K and Tedijanto, C and Lipsitch, M and Brown, SP},
Title = {Resistance diagnostics as a public health tool to combat
antibiotic resistance: A model-based evaluation.},
Journal = {PLoS biology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e3000250},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000250},
Abstract = {Rapid point-of-care resistance diagnostics (POC-RD) are a
key tool in the fight against antibiotic resistance. By
tailoring drug choice to infection genotype, doctors can
improve treatment efficacy while limiting costs of
inappropriate antibiotic prescription. Here, we combine
epidemiological theory and data to assess the potential of
resistance diagnostics (RD) innovations in a public health
context, as a means to limit or even reverse selection for
antibiotic resistance. POC-RD can be used to impose a
nonbiological fitness cost on resistant strains by enabling
diagnostic-informed treatment and targeted interventions
that reduce resistant strains' opportunities for
transmission. We assess this diagnostic-imposed fitness cost
in the context of a spectrum of bacterial population
biologies and find that POC-RD have a greater potential
against obligate pathogens than opportunistic pathogens
already subject to selection under "bystander" antibiotic
exposure during asymptomatic carriage (e.g., the
pneumococcus). We close by generalizing the notion of
RD-informed strategies to incorporate carriage surveillance
information and illustrate that coupling
transmission-control interventions to the discovery of
resistant strains in carriage can potentially select against
resistance in a broad range of opportunistic
pathogens.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3000250},
Key = {fds343756}
}
@article{fds333814,
Author = {Hortaçsu, A and McAdams, D},
Title = {Empirical work on auctions of multiple objects},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {56},
Number = {1},
Pages = {157-184},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20160961},
Abstract = {Abundant data has led to new opportunities for empirical
auctions research in recent years, with much of the newest
work on auctions of multiple objects, including: (1)
auctions of ranked objects (such as sponsored search ads),
(2) auctions of identical objects (such as Treasury bonds),
and (3) auctions of dissimilar objects (such as FCC spectrum
licenses). This paper surveys recent developments in the
empirical analysis of such auctions.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20160961},
Key = {fds333814}
}
@article{fds325506,
Author = {Galik, CS and McAdams, D},
Title = {Supply, Demand, and Uncertainty: Implications for Prelisting
Conservation Policy},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {137},
Pages = {91-98},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.009},
Abstract = {The Endangered Species Act (ESA) faces a shortage of
incentives to motivate the scale of conservation activities
necessary to address and reverse the decline of at-risk
species. A recent policy proposal attempts to change this by
allowing landowners to generate credits for voluntary
prelisting conservation activities. We explore the proposed
policy from the perspective of potential participants. We
find that uncertainty present in species listing processes
complicates the decision to undertake conservation
activities, leading to less conservation being supplied than
when a listing decision is certain, while also delaying
implementation until late in the listing determination
process. Incentives created by the prelisting policy may
likewise push species status closer to a listing threshold
and thus exacerbate uncertainty in the listing process. To
counter this tendency and encourage a more efficient
allocation of conservation activity, early-actor bonuses,
weighted credits, or limited windows of eligibility could be
used to target or place increased premiums on early
conservation activity. Though these findings are most
directly applicable to the specific prelisting policy
considered here, they are nonetheless relevant to a wider
array of conservation policies that seek to encourage
voluntary early action in advance of a regulatory
alternative.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.009},
Key = {fds325506}
}
@article{fds327048,
Author = {Turner, KM and Christensen, H and Adams, EJ and McAdams, D and Fifer, H and McDonnell, A and Woodford, N},
Title = {Analysis of the potential for point-of-care test to enable
individualised treatment of infections caused by
antimicrobial-resistant and susceptible strains of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a modelling
study.},
Journal = {BMJ open},
Volume = {7},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e015447},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015447},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To create a mathematical model to
investigate the treatment impact and economic implications
of introducing an antimicrobial resistance point-of-care
test (AMR POCT) for gonorrhoea as a way of extending the
life of current last-line treatments.<h4>Design</h4>Modelling
study.<h4>Setting</h4>England.<h4>Population</h4>Patients
accessing sexual health services.<h4>Interventions</h4>Incremental
impact of introducing a hypothetical AMR POCT that could
detect susceptibility to previous first-line antibiotics,
for example, ciprofloxacin or penicillin, so that patients
are given more tailored treatment, compared with the current
situation where all patients are given therapy with
ceftriaxone and azithromycin. The hypothetical intervention
was assessed using a mathematical model developed in Excel.
The model included initial and follow-up attendances, loss
to follow-up, use of standard or tailored treatment, time
taken to treatment and the costs of testing and
treatment.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Number of doses of
ceftriaxone saved, mean time to most appropriate treatment,
mean number of visits per (infected) patient, number of
patients lost to follow-up and total cost of
testing.<h4>Results</h4>In the current situation, an
estimated 33 431 ceftriaxone treatments are administered
annually and 792 gonococcal infections remain untreated due
to loss to follow-up. The use of an AMR POCT for
ciprofloxacin could reduce these ceftriaxone treatments by
66%, and for an AMR POCT for penicillin by 79%. The mean
time for patients receiving an antibiotic treatment is
reduced by 2 days in scenarios including POCT and no
positive patients remain untreated through eliminating loss
to follow-up. Such POCTs are estimated to add £34 million
to testing costs, but this does not take into account
reductions in costs of repeat attendances and the reuse of
older, cheaper antimicrobials.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The
introduction of AMR POCT could allow clinicians to discern
between the majority of gonorrhoea-positive patients with
strains that could be treated with older, previously
abandoned first-line treatments, and those requiring our
current last-line dual therapy. Such tests could extend the
useful life of dual ceftriaxone and azithromycin therapy,
thus pushing back the time when gonorrhoea may become
untreatable.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015447},
Key = {fds327048}
}
@article{fds323855,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Resistance diagnosis and the changing epidemiology of
antibiotic resistance.},
Journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
Volume = {1388},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-17},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13300},
Abstract = {Widespread adoption of point-of-care resistance diagnostics
(POCRD) reduces ineffective antibiotic use but could
increase overall antibiotic use. Indeed, in the context of a
standard susceptible-infected epidemiological model with a
single antibiotic, POCRD accelerates the rise of resistance
in the disease-causing bacterial population. When multiple
antibiotics are available, however, POCRD may slow the rise
of resistance even as more patients receive antibiotic
treatment, belying the conventional wisdom that antibiotics
are "exhaustible resources" whose increased use necessarily
promotes the rise of resistance.},
Doi = {10.1111/nyas.13300},
Key = {fds323855}
}
@article{fds323854,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Resistance diagnosis and the changing economics of
antibiotic discovery.},
Journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
Volume = {1388},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-25},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13303},
Abstract = {Point-of-care diagnostics that can determine an infection's
antibiotic sensitivity increase the profitability of new
antibiotics that enjoy patent protection, even when such
diagnostics reduce the quantity of antibiotics sold.
Advances in the science and technology underpinning rapid
resistance diagnostics can therefore be expected to spur
efforts to discover and develop new antibiotics, especially
those with a narrow spectrum of activity that would
otherwise fail to find a market.},
Doi = {10.1111/nyas.13303},
Key = {fds323854}
}
@article{fds289587,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {On the benefits of dynamic bidding when participation is
costly},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {157},
Pages = {959-972},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2015.03.003},
Abstract = {Consider a second-price auction with costly bidding in which
bidders with i.i.d. private values have multiple
opportunities to bid. If bids are observable, the resulting
dynamic-bidding game generates greater expected total
welfare than if bids were sealed, for any given reserve
price. Making early bids observable allows high-value
bidders to signal their strength and deter others from
entering the auction. Nonetheless, as long as the seller can
commit to a reserve price, expected revenue is higher when
bids are observable than when they are sealed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2015.03.003},
Key = {fds289587}
}
@book{fds313854,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Game-Changer: Game Theory and the Art of Transforming
Strategic Situations},
Publisher = {W.W. Norton},
Year = {2014},
ISBN = {9780393239676},
Key = {fds313854}
}
@article{fds289589,
Author = {Hu, Y and McAdams, D and Shum, M},
Title = {Identification of first-price auctions with non-separable
unobserved heterogeneity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {174},
Number = {2},
Pages = {186-193},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.02.005},
Abstract = {We propose a novel methodology for identification of
first-price auctions, when bidders' private valuations are
independent conditional on one-dimensional unobserved
heterogeneity. We extend the existing literature (Li and
Vuong, 1998; Krasnokutskaya, 2011) by allowing the
unobserved heterogeneity to be non-separable from bidders'
valuations. Our central identifying assumption is that the
distribution of bidder values is increasing in the state.
When the state-space is finite, such monotonicity implies
the full-rank condition needed for identification. Further,
we extend our approach to the conditionally independent
private values model of Li et al. (2000), as well as to
unobserved heterogeneity settings in which the implicit
reserve price or the cost of bidding varies across auctions.
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.02.005},
Key = {fds289589}
}
@article{fds289603,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Strategic ignorance in a second-price auction},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {114},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-85},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2011.09.036},
Abstract = {Suppose that bidders may publicly choose not to learn their
values prior to a second-price auction with costly bidding.
All equilibria with truthful bidding exhibit bidder
ignorance when the number of bidders is sufficiently small.
Ignorance considerations also affect the optimal reserve
price. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2011.09.036},
Key = {fds289603}
}
@article{fds289602,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Performance and turnover in a stochastic
partnership},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {107-142},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.3.4.107},
Abstract = {Suppose that players in a stochastic partnership have the
option to quit and rematch anonymously. If stage-game
payoffs are subject to a persistent initial shock, the
(unique) social welfare-maximizing equilibrium induces a
"dating" process in which all partners enjoy the full
potential equilibrium gains from each match. By contrast,
maximizing social welfare in non-stochastic repeated games
with rematching requires that players burn money or
otherwise fail to realize all potential equilibrium gains.
Comparative statics on welfare and turnover are also
provided, consistent with documented patterns of
"survivorship bias" and "honeymoon".},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.3.4.107},
Key = {fds289602}
}
@article{fds289604,
Author = {Lopomo, G and Marx, LM and McAdams, D and Murray,
B},
Title = {Carbon allowance auction design: An assessment of options
for the United States},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-43},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/req024},
Abstract = {Carbon allowance auctions are a component of existing and
proposed regional cap-and-trade programs in the United
States and are also included in recent proposed bills in the
U.S. Congress that would establish a national cap-and-trade
program to regulate greenhouse gases ("carbon"). We discuss
and evaluate the two leading candidates for auction format:
a uniform-price sealed-bid auction and an ascending-bid
dynamic auction, either of which could be augmented with a
"price collar" to ensure that the price of allowances is
neither too high nor too low. We identify the primary
trade-offs between these two formats as applied to carbon
allowance auctions and suggest additional auction design
features that address potential concerns about efficiency
losses from collusion and other factors. We conclude that,
based on currently available evidence, a uniform-price
sealed-bid auction is more appropriate for the sale of
carbon allowances than the other leading auction formats, in
part because it offers increased robustness to collusion
without significant sacrifice of price discovery. © The
Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf
of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/req024},
Key = {fds289604}
}
@article{fds289601,
Author = {Hortaçsu, A and McAdams, D},
Title = {Mechanism choice and strategic bidding in divisible good
auctions: An empirical analysis of the turkish treasury
auction market},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {118},
Number = {5},
Pages = {833-865},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/657948},
Abstract = {We propose an estimation method to bound bidders' marginal
valuations in discriminatory auctions using individual
bid-level data and apply the method to data from the Turkish
Treasury auction market. Using estimated bounds on marginal
values, we compute an upper bound on the inefficiency of
realized allocations as well as bounds on how much
additional revenue could have been realized in a
counterfactual uniform price or Vickrey auction. We conclude
that switching from a discriminatory auction to a uniform
price or Vickrey auction would not significantly increase
revenue. Moreover, such a switch would increase bidder
expected surplus by at most 0.02 percent. © 2010 by The
University of Chicago.},
Doi = {10.1086/657948},
Key = {fds289601}
}
@article{fds289600,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Partial identification and testable restrictions in
multi-unit auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {74-85},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1901 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Bidders' values in discriminatory and uniform-price auctions
are not necessarily point-identified under the assumptions
of equilibrium bidding and independent private values, but
meaningful policy analysis can proceed from bounds on bidder
values. This paper provides upper and lower bounds on the
set of values that can rationalize a given distribution of
bids, under the additional (and standard) assumption of
non-increasing marginal values. Novel testable implications
of the best response hypothesis are also provided, again
under the assumption of non-increasing marginal values. ©
2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.07.003},
Key = {fds289600}
}
@article{fds289598,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {On the failure of monotonicity in uniform-price
auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {137},
Number = {1},
Pages = {729-732},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1944 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Except for well-studied special cases in which bidders have
single-unit demand or bidders are risk-neutral with
independent private values, equilibria of uniform-price
auctions with private values need not possess familiar
monotonicity properties. In particular, equilibria in weakly
undominated strategies may exist in which some bidders bid
strictly less on some units when they have strictly higher
values for every unit. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2007.01.002},
Key = {fds289598}
}
@article{fds289599,
Author = {McAdams, D and Schwarz, M},
Title = {Who pays when auction rules are bent?},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1144-1157},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2006.09.004},
Abstract = {In many negotiations, rules are soft in the sense that the
seller and/or buyers may break them at some cost. When
buyers have private values, we show that the cost of such
opportunistic behavior (whether by the buyers or the seller)
is borne entirely by the seller in equilibrium, in the form
of lower revenues. Consequently, the seller is willing to
pay an auctioneer to credibly commit to a mechanism in which
no one has the ability or the incentive to break the rules.
Examples of "costly rule bending" considered here include
hiring shill bidders and trying to learn others' bids before
making one's own. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2006.09.004},
Key = {fds289599}
}
@article{fds289596,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Uniqueness in symmetric first-price auctions with
affiliation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {136},
Number = {1},
Pages = {144-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1941 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The first-price auction has a unique monotone pure strategy
equilibrium when there are n symmetric risk-averse bidders
having affiliated types and interdependent values. © 2006
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2006.07.002},
Key = {fds289596}
}
@article{fds289595,
Author = {Chapman, JTE and McAdams, D and Paarsch, HJ},
Title = {Bounding revenue comparisons across multi-unit auction
formats under ε-best response},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Pages = {455-458},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.97.2.455},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.97.2.455},
Key = {fds289595}
}
@article{fds289594,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Adjustable supply in uniform price auctions: Non-commitment
as a strategic tool},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-53},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2006.08.035},
Abstract = {In some uniform-price auctions, the auctioneer decides how
much to sell after the bidding. Auctioneer expected profit
and social welfare can each be strictly higher in all
equilibria given such "adjustable supply" than in all
equilibria given any fixed quantity and reserve price. ©
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2006.08.035},
Key = {fds289594}
}
@article{fds289592,
Author = {McAdams, D and Schwarz, M},
Title = {Credible sales mechanisms and intermediaries},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {97},
Number = {1},
Pages = {260-276},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1729 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We consider a seller who faces several buyers and lacks
access to an institution to credibly close a sale. If buyers
anticipate that the seller may negotiate further, they will
prefer to wait before making their best and final offers.
This in turn induces the seller to bargain at length with
buyers, even if doing so is costly. When the seller's cost
of soliciting another round of offers is either very large
or very small, the seller credibly commits to an auction and
experiences negligible bargaining costs. Otherwise, there
may be several rounds of increasing offers and significant
seller losses. In these situations, an intermediary with a
sufficiently valuable reputation and/or weak marginal
incentives regarding price can create value by credibly
committing to help sell the object without
delay.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.97.1.260},
Key = {fds289592}
}
@article{fds289593,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Monotonicity in asymmetric first-price auctions with
affiliation},
Journal = {International Journal of Game Theory},
Volume = {35},
Number = {3},
Pages = {427-453},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-7276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-006-0038-1},
Abstract = {I study monotonicity of equilibrium strategies in
first-price auctions with asymmetric bidders, risk aversion,
affiliated types, and interdependent values. Every
mixed-strategy equilibrium is shown to be outcome-equivalent
to a monotone pure-strategy equilibrium under the "priority
rule" for breaking ties. This provides a missing link to
establish uniqueness in the "general symmetric model" of
Milgrom and Weber (Econometrica 50:1089-1122, 1982).
Non-monotone equilibria can exist under the "coin-flip rule"
but they are distinguishable: all non-monotone equilibria
have positive probability of ties whereas all monotone
equilibria have zero probability of ties. This provides a
justification for the standard empirical practice of
restricting attention to monotone strategies. © Springer
Verlag 2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00182-006-0038-1},
Key = {fds289593}
}
@article{fds289597,
Author = {McAdams, D and Schwarz, M},
Title = {Perverse incentives in the Medicare prescription drug
benefit.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-166},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0046-9580},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_44.2.157},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes some of the perverse incentives that may
arise under the current Medicare prescription drug benefit
design. In particular, risk adjustment for a stand-alone
prescription drug benefit creates perverse incentives for
prescription drug plans when making coverage decisions
and/or for pharmaceutical companies when setting prices.
This problem is new in that it does not arise with risk
adjustment for other types of health care coverage. For this
and other reasons, Medicare's drug benefit requires
especially close regulatory oversight, now and in the
future. We also consider a relatively minor change in
financing the benefit that could lead to significant changes
in how the benefit functions. In particular, if all plans
were required to charge the same premium, there would be
less diversity in quality, but also less need to regulate
formulary composition, less budgetary uncertainty, and less
upward pressure on drug prices.},
Doi = {10.5034/inquiryjrnl_44.2.157},
Key = {fds289597}
}
@article{fds289591,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Monotone equilibrium in multi-unit auctions},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1039-1056},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.00407.x},
Abstract = {In two-sided multi-unit auctions having a variety of payment
rules, including uniform-price and discriminatory auctions,
a monotone pure-strategy equilibrium (MPSE) exists when
bidders are risk neutral with independent multi-dimensional
types and interdependent values. In fact, all mixed-strategy
equilibria are ex post allocation and interim expected
payment equivalent to MPSE. Thus, for standard expected
surplus/ revenue analysis, there is no loss restricting
attention to monotone strategies. © 2006 The Review of
Economic Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.00407.x},
Key = {fds289591}
}
@article{fds289590,
Author = {McAdams, D},
Title = {Isotone equilibrium in games of incomplete
information},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {71},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1191-1214},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1874 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {An isotone pure strategy equilibrium exists in any game of
incomplete information in which each player's action set is
infinite sublattice of multidimensional Euclidean space,
types are multidimensional and atomless, and each player's
interim expected payoff function satisfies two "nonprimitive
conditions" whenever others adopt isotone pure strategies:
(i) single-crossing in own action and type and (ii)
quasi-supermodularity in own action. Conditions (i), (ii)
are satisfied in supermodular and log-supermodular games
given affiliated types, and in games with independent types
in which each player's ex post payoff satisfies
supermodularity in own action and nondecreasing differences
in own action and type. This result is applied to provide
the first proof of pure strategy equilibrium existence in
the uniform price auction when bidders have multi-unit
demand, nonprivate values, and independent
types.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0262.00443},
Key = {fds289590}
}
@article{fds289586,
Author = {Fujishima, Y and McAdams, D and Shoham, Y},
Title = {Speeding up ascending-bid auctions},
Journal = {IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {554-559},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1045-0823},
Abstract = {In recent years auctions have grown in inter-est within the
AI community as innovative mechanisms for resource
allocation. The primary contribution of this paper is to
identify a family of hybrid auctions, called survival
auctions, which combine the benefits of both sealed-bid
auctions (namely, quick and predictable termination time)
and ascending-bid auctions (namely, more information
revelation often leading, among other things, to better
allocations and greater expected revenue). Survival auctions
are multi-round sealed-bid auctions with an
information-revelation component, in which some bidders are
eliminated from the auction from one round to the next.
These auctions are intuitive, easy to implement, and most
importantly provably optimal. More precisely, we show that
(a) the survival auction in which all but the lowest bidder
make it into the next round (the*auction lasts for (n - 1)
rounds when there are n bidders) is strategically equivalent
to the Japanese ascending-bid auction, which itself has been
proven to be optimal in many settings, and that (b) under
certain symmetry conditions, even a survival auction in
which only the two highest bidders make it into the next
round (the auction la.sts only two rounds) is Nash outcome
equivalent to the Japanese auction.},
Key = {fds289586}
}
%% McDevitt, Ryan C.
@article{fds372720,
Author = {Pearson, K and League, R and Kent, M and McDevitt, R and Fuller, M and Jiang, R and Melton, S and Krishnamoorthy, V and Ohnuma, T and Bartz, R and Cobert, J and Raghunathan, K},
Title = {Rogers' diffusion theory of innovation applied to the
adoption of sugammadex in a nationwide sample of US
hospitals.},
Journal = {Br J Anaesth},
Volume = {131},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e114-e117},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2023.06.061},
Doi = {10.1016/j.bja.2023.06.061},
Key = {fds372720}
}
@article{fds368331,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Physicians as Owners and Agents-A Call for Further
Study.},
Journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
Volume = {182},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1276-1277},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.5025},
Doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.5025},
Key = {fds368331}
}
@article{fds367624,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Assessment of Spending for Patients Initiating Dialysis
Care.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e2239131},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>Despite a widespread belief that private
insurers spend large amounts on health care for enrollees
receiving dialysis, data limitations over the past decade
have precluded a comprehensive analysis of the
topic.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the amount and types of
increases in health care spending for privately insured
patients associated with initiating dialysis
care.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A cohort
study covering calendar years 2012 to 2019 included patients
with kidney failure who had employer-sponsored insurance for
12 months following dialysis initiation. Data analysis was
performed from August 27, 2021, to August 18, 2022. The data
cover the entirety of the US and were obtained from the
Health Care Cost Institute. The data include all medical
claims for enrollees in employer-sponsored health insurance
plans offered by multiple major health care insurers within
the US. Participants included patients younger than 65 years
who were continuously enrolled in these plans in the 12
months before and after their first claim for dialysis care.
Patients also had to have nonmissing documented key
characteristics, such as sex, race and ethnicity, and health
characteristics.<h4>Exposures</h4>A claim for dialysis
care.<h4>Main outcomes and measures</h4>Out-of-pocket,
inpatient, outpatient, physician services, prescription
medication, and total health care spending. The hypothesis
tested was formulated before data collection.<h4>Results</h4>The
sample included 309 800 enrollee-months, which was a
balanced panel of 25 months for 12 392 enrollees. At
baseline, 7534 patients (61%) were male, 5415 (44%) were
aged 55 to 64 years, and patients had been enrolled with
their insurer for a mean of 30 months (95% CI, 29.9-30.1
months). In the 12 months before initiating dialysis care,
total monthly health care spending was $5025 per patient per
month (95% CI, $4945-$5106). Dialysis care initiation was
associated with an increase in total monthly spending of
$14 685 (95% CI, $14 413-$14 957). This increase
occurred across all spending categories (dialysis,
nondialysis outpatient, inpatient, physician services, and
prescription drugs). Monthly patient out-of-pocket spending
increased by $170 (95% CI, $162-$178). These spending
increases occurred abruptly, beginning about 2 months before
dialysis initiation, and remained increased for the
subsequent 12 months.<h4>Conclusions and relevance</h4>In
this cohort study, evidence that private insurers experience
significant, sustained increases in spending when patients
initiated dialysis was noted. The findings suggest that
proposed policies aimed at limiting the amount dialysis
facilities charge private insurers and the enrollees has the
potential to reduce health care spending in this high-cost
population.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Key = {fds367624}
}
@article{fds365201,
Author = {Madanay, F and McDevitt, RC and Ubel, PA},
Title = {Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Variation in Regional
Political Preferences Predicted New Prescriptions after
President Trump's Endorsement.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {429-451},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9716698},
Abstract = {<h4>Context</h4>On March 19, 2020, President Donald Trump
endorsed using hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 treatment
despite inconclusive evidence of the drug's effectiveness.
This study sought to understand the influence of political
preferences on prescription uptake by quantifying the
relationship between a geographic area's partisan leaning
and hydroxychloroquine prescription rates following Trump's
endorsement.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed hydroxychloroquine
prescriptions filled in 205 continental US designated market
areas (DMAs) between March 1, 2018, and July 31, 2020, and
the percentage of votes for Donald Trump in the 2016
presidential election in each DMA. We estimated associations
by using an empirical strategy resembling a
difference-in-differences estimation.<h4>Findings</h4>Before
President Trump's endorsement, mean weekly
hydroxychloroquine prescription rates were similar across
DMAs with the highest and lowest Trump vote percentages
(0.56 and 0.49 scripts per 100,000). After Trump's
endorsement, although both high- and low-Trump-supportive
DMAs experienced sharp increases in weekly
hydroxychloroquine prescription rates, results indicated a
1-percentage-point increase in share of Trump votes was
associated with 0.013, or 2%, more weekly hydroxychloroquine
prescriptions per 100,000 people (b = 0.013,
t = 2.20, p = .028).<h4>Conclusion</h4>President
Trump's endorsement of an untested therapy influenced
prescribing behavior, especially when that endorsement
aligned with communities' political leanings.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-9716698},
Key = {fds365201}
}
@article{fds363249,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, K and Joynt Maddox and KE and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Offodile, AC},
Title = {Association Between Hospital Private Equity Acquisition and
Outcomes of Acute Medical Conditions Among Medicare
Beneficiaries.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e229581},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>As private equity (PE) acquisitions of
short-term acute care hospitals (ACHs) continue, their
impact on the care of medically vulnerable older adults
remains largely unexplored.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate
the association between PE acquisition of ACHs and access to
care, patient outcomes, and spending among Medicare
beneficiaries hospitalized with acute medical
conditions.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This
cross-sectional study used a generalized
difference-in-differences approach to compare 21 091 222
patients admitted to PE-acquired vs non-PE-acquired
short-term ACHs between January 1, 2001, and December 31,
2018, at least 3 years before to 3 years after PE
acquisition. The analysis was conducted between December 28,
2020, and February 1, 2022. Differences were estimated using
both facility and hospital service area fixed effects. To
assess the robustness of findings, regressions were
reestimated after including fixed effects of patient county
of origin to account for geographic differences in
underlying health risks. Two subset analyses were also
conducted: (1) an analysis including only hospitals in
hospital referral regions with at least 1 PE acquisition and
(2) an analysis stratified by participation in the Hospital
Corporation of America 2006 acquisition. The study included
Medicare beneficiaries 66 years and older who were
hospitalized with 1 of 5 acute medical conditions: acute
myocardial infarction (AMI), acute stroke, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and pneumonia.<h4>Exposures</h4>Acquisition
of hospitals by PE firms.<h4>Main outcomes and
measures</h4>Comorbidity burden (measured by Elixhauser
comorbidity score), hospital length of stay, in-hospital
mortality, 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, and 30-day
episode payments.<h4>Results</h4>Among 21 091 222 total
Medicare beneficiaries admitted to ACHs between 2001 and
2018, 20 431 486 patients received care at non-PE-acquired
hospitals, and 659 736 received care at PE-acquired
hospitals. Across all admissions, the mean (SD) age was
79.45 (7.95) years; 11 727 439 patients (55.6%) were
male, and 4 550 012 patients (21.6%) had dual insurance;
2 996 560 (14.2%) patients were members of racial or ethnic
minority groups, including 2 085 128 [9.9%] Black and 371
648 [1.8%] Hispanic; 18 094 662 patients (85.8%) were
White. Overall, 3 083 760 patients (14.6%) were hospitalized
with AMI, 2 835 777 (13.4%) with acute stroke, 3 674
477 (17.4%) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
exacerbation, 5 868 034 (27.8%) with congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and 5 629 174 (26.7%) with pneumonia.
Comorbidity burden decreased slightly among patients
admitted with acute stroke (difference, -0.04 SDs; 95% CI,
-0.004 to -0.07 SDs) at acquired hospitals compared with
nonacquired hospitals but was unchanged across the other 4
conditions. Among patients with AMI, a greater decrease in
in-hospital mortality was observed in PE-acquired hospitals
compared with non-PE-acquired hospitals (difference, -1.14
percentage points, 95% CI, -1.86 to -0.42 percentage
points). In addition, a greater decrease in 30-day mortality
(difference, -1.41 percentage points; 95% CI, -2.26 to -0.56
percentage points) was found at acquired vs nonacquired
hospitals. However, 30-day spending and readmission rates
remained unchanged across all conditions. The extent and
directionality of estimates were preserved across all
robustness assessments and subset analyses.<h4>Conclusions
and relevance</h4>In this cross-sectional study using a
difference-in-differences approach, PE acquisition had no
substantial association with the patient-level outcomes
examined, although it was associated with a moderate
improvement in mortality among Medicare beneficiaries
hospitalized with AMI.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Key = {fds363249}
}
@article{fds362372,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Variability in Prices Paid for Hemodialysis by
Employer-Sponsored Insurance in the US From 2012 to
2019.},
Journal = {JAMA network open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e220562},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Key = {fds362372}
}
@article{fds361209,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, KK and Roberts, J and McDevitt, RC and Offodile,
AC},
Title = {Private Equity Acquisition And Responsiveness To
Service-Line Profitability At Short-Term Acute Care
Hospitals.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1697-1705},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Abstract = {As private equity firms continue to increase their ownership
stake in various health care sectors in the US, questions
arise about potential impacts on the organization and
delivery of care. Using a difference-in-differences
approach, we investigated changes in service-line provision
in private equity-acquired hospitals. Relative to
nonacquired hospitals, private equity acquisition was
associated with a higher probability of adding specific
profitable hospital-based services (interventional cardiac
catheterization, hemodialysis, and labor and delivery),
profitable technologies (robotic surgery and digital
mammography), and freestanding or satellite emergency
departments. Moreover, private equity acquisition was
associated with an increased probability of providing
services that were previously categorized as unprofitable
but that have more recently become areas of financial
opportunity (for example, mental health services). Finally,
private equity-acquired hospitals were less likely to add or
continue services that have unreliable revenue streams or
that may face competition from nonprofit hospitals (for
example, outpatient psychiatry), although fewer shifts were
noted among unprofitable services. This may reflect a
prevailing shift by acute care hospitals toward outpatient
settings for appropriate procedures and synergies with
existing holdings by private equity firms.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Key = {fds361209}
}
@article{fds358371,
Author = {Lusk, JB and McDevitt, RC},
Title = {Backstop Price Caps in Commercial Health Care
Markets.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {326},
Number = {3},
Pages = {276-277},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.6809},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2021.6809},
Key = {fds358371}
}
@article{fds349601,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and Heebsh, B and McDevitt, RC and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {How Acquisitions Affect Firm Behavior and Performance:
Evidence from the Dialysis Industry},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1},
Pages = {221-267},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjz034},
Abstract = {Many industries have become increasingly concentrated
through mergers and acquisitions, which in health care may
have important consequences for spending and outcomes. Using
a rich panel of Medicare claims data for nearly one million
dialysis patients, we advance the literature on the effects
of mergers and acquisitions by studying the precise ways
providers change their behavior following an acquisition. We
base our empirical analysis on more than 1,200 acquisitions
of independent dialysis facilities by large chains over a
12-year period and find that chains transfer several
prominent strategies to the facilities they acquire. Most
notably, acquired facilities converge to the behavior of
their new parent companies by increasing patients' doses of
highly reimbursed drugs, replacing high-skill nurses with
less-skilled technicians, and waitlisting fewer patients for
kidney transplants. We then show that patients fare worse as
a result of these changes: outcomes such as hospitalizations
and mortality deteriorate, with our long panel allowing us
to identify these effects from within-facility or
within-patient variation around the acquisitions. Because
overall Medicare spending increases at acquired facilities,
mostly as a result of higher drug reimbursements, this
decline in quality corresponds to a decline in value for
payers. We conclude the article by considering the channels
through which acquisitions produce such large changes in
provider behavior and outcomes, finding that increased
market power cannot explain the decline in quality. Rather,
the adoption of the acquiring firm's strategies and
practices drives our main results, with greater economies of
scale for drug purchasing responsible for more than half of
the change in profits following an acquisition.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjz034},
Key = {fds349601}
}
@article{fds349602,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and Grieco, PLE and McDevitt, RC and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {Strategic Patient Discharge: the Case of Long-Term Care
Hospitals.},
Pages = {3232-3265},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170092},
Abstract = {Medicare's prospective payment system for long-term
acute-care hospitals (LTCHs) provides modest reimbursements
at the beginning of a patient's stay before jumping
discontinuously to a large lump-sum payment after a
prespecified number of days. We show that LTCHs respond to
the financial incentives of this system by
disproportionately discharging patients after they cross the
large-payment threshold. We find this occurs more often at
for-profit facilities, facilities acquired by leading LTCH
chains, and facilities colocated with other hospitals. Using
a dynamic structural model, we evaluate counterfactual
payment policies that would provide substantial savings for
Medicare.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20170092},
Key = {fds349602}
}
@article{fds349603,
Author = {Chatterji, AK and Kim, J and McDevitt, RC},
Title = {School spirit: Legislator school ties and state funding for
higher education},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {164},
Pages = {254-269},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.05.013},
Abstract = {We explore a new mechanism to understand state funding for
public colleges and universities by leveraging data on the
educational experiences of state legislators, specifically
if and where they received postsecondary education. Using
novel, hand-collected data from 2002 through 2014, we
provide comprehensive documentation – for the first time
in the literature – on the educational backgrounds of
state legislators. We find a statistically significant,
positive association between the share of legislators who
attended their states’ public institutions and state
funding for their entire public higher-education system. We
also find a similar positive relationship between the share
of state legislators who attended particular campuses of the
state's public university system and funding for those
campuses. This relationship is more pronounced among
publicly educated legislators who represent legislative
districts close to their alma mater's district, and becomes
most consequential when the legislator's district contains
his or her alma mater. We discuss the implications of our
findings for academic studies on how politics and
legislators’ personal experiences influence support for
higher education.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.05.013},
Key = {fds349603}
}
@article{fds349604,
Author = {Grieco, PLE and Mcdevitt, RC},
Title = {Productivity and quality in health care: Evidence from the
dialysis industry},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1071-1105},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdw042},
Abstract = {We show that healthcare providers face a tradeoffbetween
increasing the number of patients they treat and improving
their quality of care. To measure the magnitude of this
quality-quantity tradeoff, we estimate a model of dialysis
provision that explicitly incorporates a centre's
unobservable and endogenous choice of treatment quality
while allowing for unobserved differences in productivity
across centres. We find that a centre that reduces its
quality standards such that its expected rate of septic
infections increases by 1 percentage point can increase its
patient load by 1.6%, holding productivity, capital, and
labour fixed; this corresponds to an elasticity of quantity
with respect to quality of -0.2. Notably, our approach
provides estimates of productivity that control for
differences in quality, whereas traditional methods would
misattribute lower-quality care to greater
productivity.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdw042},
Key = {fds349604}
}
@article{fds349605,
Author = {Goldfarb, A and McDevitt, RC and Samila, S and Silverman,
BS},
Title = {The effect of social interaction on economic transactions:
Evidence from changes in two retail formats},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {61},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2963-2981},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2030},
Abstract = {Examining changes in two different retail formats, we show
that consumers alter their purchases depending on the retail
environment. In both settings, the change in behavior
coincides with a reduction in the interpersonal interaction
required to complete a transaction. As such, we contend that
the format changes reduced a "social friction" that would
otherwise inhibit consumers due to an implicit cost
associated with ordering certain items in social
settings.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2014.2030},
Key = {fds349605}
}
@article{fds349606,
Author = {Hochberg, YV and Mazzeo, MJ and McDevitt, RC},
Title = {Specialization and Competition in the Venture Capital
Industry},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {323-347},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-015-9462-3},
Abstract = {An important type of product differentiation in the venture
capital (VC) market is industry specialization. We estimate
a market structure model to assess competition among
VCs—some of which specialize in a particular industry and
others of which are generalists—and find that the
incremental effect of additional same-type competitors
increases as the number of same-type competitors increases.
Furthermore, we find that the effects of generalist VCs on
specialists are substantial, and larger than the effect of
same-type competitors. Estimates from other industries
typically show the incremental effects falling as the number
of same-type competitors increases and the effects of
same-type competitors as always being larger than the
effects of different-type competitors. Consistent with the
presence of network effects that soften competition, these
patterns are more pronounced in markets that exhibit dense
organizational networks among incumbent VCs. Markets with
sparser incumbent networks, by contrast, exhibit competitive
patterns that resemble those of other, non-networked
industries.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11151-015-9462-3},
Key = {fds349606}
}
@article{fds349607,
Author = {Mcdevitt, RC and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Market structure and gender disparity in health care:
Preferences, competition, and quality of
care},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {116-139},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12044},
Abstract = {We consider the relationship between market structure and
health outcomes in a setting where patients have stark
preferences: urology patients disproportionately match with
a urologist of the same gender. In the United States,
however, fewer than 6% of urologists are women despite women
constituting 30% of patients. We explain a portion of this
disparity with a model of imperfect competition in which
urology groups strategically differentiate themselves by
employing female urologists. These strategic effects may
influence women's health, as markets without a female
urologist have a 7.3% higher death rate for female bladder
cancer, all else equal. © 2014, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12044},
Key = {fds349607}
}
@article{fds349608,
Author = {McDevitt, RC},
Title = {"A" business by any other name: Firm name choice as a signal
of firm quality},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {909-944},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676333},
Abstract = {This paper considers when a firm's deliberately chosen name
can signal meaningful information. The average plumbing firm
whose name begins with A or a number receives five times
more service complaints than other firms and also charges
higher prices. Relatedly, plumbers with A names advertise
more in the Yellow Pages and on Google, and doing so is
positively correlated with receiving complaints. As the use
of A names is more prevalent in larger markets, I reconcile
these findings with a simple model in which firms have
different qualities and consumers have heterogeneous search
costs. © 2014 by The University of Chicago. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/676333},
Key = {fds349608}
}
@misc{fds349609,
Author = {McDevitt, RC and Mazzeo, M},
Title = {Business Strategy and Antitrust Economics},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust
Economies},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds349609}
}
@misc{fds349610,
Author = {McDevitt, RC and Greenstein, S},
Title = {Measuring the Broadband Bonus in Thirty OECD
Nations},
Booktitle = {Measuring the Internet Economy},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds349610}
}
@article{fds349611,
Author = {McDevitt, RC},
Title = {Names and reputations: An empirical analysis},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {193-209},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.3.3.193},
Abstract = {This paper tests several predictions from the literature on
firm reputation, and confirms a main result: poor
performance leads a firm to conceal its reputation. A
residential plumbing firm with a record of complaints one
standard deviation above the mean is 133.2 percent more
likely to change its name. In addition, firms with longer
track records are less likely to change their names or exit,
while firms with more firm-specific investments, such as
advertising, are more likely to change their names than
exit. In addition, firms in small markets value their
reputations comparatively more than firms in large
markets.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.3.3.193},
Key = {fds349611}
}
@article{fds349612,
Author = {Greenstein, S and McDevitt, RC},
Title = {The broadband bonus: Estimating broadband Internets economic
value},
Journal = {Telecommunications Policy},
Volume = {35},
Number = {7},
Pages = {617-632},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2011.05.001},
Abstract = {How much economic value did broadband Internet create?
Despite the importance of this question for national policy,
no research has estimated broadbands incremental
contribution to U.S. GDP by calibrating against historical
adoption and incorporating counterfactuals. This study
provides benchmark estimates for 1999 through 2006 and finds
that broadband accounts for $28 billion of the $39 billion
observed in 2006. Depending on the estimate, households
generated $20$22 billion of broadband revenue and
approximately $8.3$10.6 billion was additional revenue
created between 1999 and 2006. Consumer surplus accounted
for $4.8$6.7 billion of this amount, which is not measured
in GDP. An Internet-access Consumer Price Index would have
to decline by 1.62.2% per year for it to reflect this
unmeasured value. These estimates differ from existing
benchmarks by an order of magnitude and relate to several
policy debates. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.telpol.2011.05.001},
Key = {fds349612}
}
@article{fds349613,
Author = {Greenstein, S and McDevitt, R},
Title = {Evidence of a modest price decline in US broadband
services},
Journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {200-211},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2011.03.002},
Abstract = {In this paper, we construct a consumer price index for
broadband services in the United States using over 1500
service contracts offered by DSL and cable providers from
2004 through 2009. This exercise frames a range of open
questions about measuring price changes in a manner that
informs policy discussions about US broadband services. We
employ approaches used commonly for constructing a consumer
price index by using a mix of matched-model methods and
hedonic price index estimations to adjust for qualitative
improvements. We find a quality-adjusted price decline, but
the evidence points towards a modest decline at most. Our
estimates of the price decline range from 3% to 10% in
quality-adjusted terms for the 5-years period, which is
faster than the BLS estimates for the last 3. years. In
contrast to other innovative industries that experience
rapid price declines, such as computers or integrated
circuits, the modest price decline for broadband services
raises many questions. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.infoecopol.2011.03.002},
Key = {fds349613}
}
@misc{fds349614,
Author = {McDevitt, RC and Greenstein, S},
Title = {The Global Broadband Bonus: Broadband Internet's Impact on
Seven Countries},
Booktitle = {The Linked World: How ICT is Transforming Societies,
Cultures, and Economies},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds349614}
}
%% McElroy, Marjorie B.
@article{fds324322,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {Committee on the status of women in the economics profession
(CSWEP)},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {5},
Pages = {750-773},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.106.5.750},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.106.5.750},
Key = {fds324322}
}
@article{fds321967,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Beauchamp, A and McElroy, M},
Title = {Terms of Endearment: An Equilibrium Model of Sex and
Matching},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-156},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE429},
Doi = {10.3982/QE429},
Key = {fds321967}
}
@article{fds324845,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Wang, W},
Title = {Do Concealed Gun Permits Deter Crime? New Results from a
Dynamic Model},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds324845}
}
@article{fds285712,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {Committee on the status of women in the economics
profession},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {5},
Pages = {664-681},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.5.664},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.5.664},
Key = {fds285712}
}
@article{fds320257,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and Iyavarakul, T and McElroy, MB and Staub, K},
Title = {Dynamic Optimization in Models for State Panel Data: A
Cohort Panel Data Model of the Effects of Divorce Laws on
Divorce Rates},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {140},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/uploads/media_items/marjorie-mcelroy-cpdm-2jpe1.original.pdf},
Abstract = {We present a new approach to the estimation of dynamic
models using panel data, not on individuals, but aggregated
to some level such as the school, county or state. This
approach embeds the reduced form implications of dynamic
optimization for exiting a chosen state (via divorce,
dropping out, employment, etc.) into a model suitable for
estimation with state panel data or similar aggregates
(county, SMSA, etc.). With forward looking behaviors,
exogenous changes in laws or rules give rise to selection
effects on those considering entry and surprise effects for
those who have already entered. The application to the
effects of divorce laws on divorce rates.},
Key = {fds320257}
}
@article{fds10923,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and D. Yang},
Title = {"Carrots and Sticks: Fertility Effects of China's Population
Policies"},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds10923}
}
@article{fds285735,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {"What's New with Nash-Bargained Household
Demands?"},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds285735}
}
@article{fds10922,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"What's New with Nash-Bargained Household
Demands?"},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds10922}
}
@article{fds285734,
Author = {McElroy, M and Yang, DT},
Title = {Carrots and sticks: fertility effects of China's population
policies.},
Journal = {The American economic review},
Volume = {90},
Number = {2},
Pages = {389-392},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1733 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {For 20 years following 1949, average total fertility per
woman in China hovered just above six children. The year
1970 marked the beginning of persistent fertility declines.
By 1980, the rate had dropped to 2.75, and since 1992 it has
remained under 2. While some of this transition can be
accounted for by broad socioeconomic developments, the
extent to which it is attributable to China's unique
population policies remains controversial. This paper
analyzes household data from the 1992 Household Economy and
Fertility Survey (HEFS) to provide the first direct
microeconomic empirical evidence on the efficacy of these
policies.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.90.2.389},
Key = {fds285734}
}
@misc{fds21254,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"The Policy Implications of Family Bargaining and Marriage
Markets"},
Pages = {53-74},
Booktitle = {Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Developing
Countries},
Publisher = {Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {Lawrence Haddad and John Hoddinott and Harold
Ackerman},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds21254}
}
@article{fds376376,
Author = {MCELROY, MB},
Title = {LEWIS,H.GREGG - DUKE DAYS - 1975-1992 - THE MELLOW
YEARS},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF LABOR ECONOMICS},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-154},
Publisher = {UNIV CHICAGO PRESS},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds376376}
}
@article{fds21255,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"H. Gregg Lewis--Duke Days: 1975-1992"},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-1954},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds21255}
}
@article{fds285733,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {"H. Gregg Lewis--Duke Days: 1975-1992"},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-154},
Publisher = {UNIV CHICAGO PRESS},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds285733}
}
@article{fds285715,
Author = {Burmeister, E and McElroy, MB},
Title = {APT and Multifactor Asset Pricing Models with Measured and
Unobserved Factors: Theoretical and Econometric
Issues},
Volume = {27},
Pages = {135-154},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds285715}
}
@article{fds285716,
Author = {Burmeister, E and McElroy, MB},
Title = {The residual market factor, the APT, and mean-variance
efficiency},
Journal = {Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-49},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-865X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408405},
Abstract = {The rapidly increasing volume of both published and
unpublished work on the arbitrage pricing theory (APT) of
Ross (1976) has given rise to a number of misunderstandings
at the interface of theoretical and econometric work. In
this article we extend the theoretical structure of our
previous work (McElroy and Burmeister, 1985, 1988;
Burmeister and McElroy, 1987, 1988) to provide a broad yet
rigorous framework both for econometric estimation and for
better economic interpretation of new empirical results. We
begin with the case where all K factors are observed, and
then present the second case of K-1≡J observed APT factors
and one unobserved factor, the residual market factor
introduced in McElroy and Burmeister (1985). The economic
interpretations for equivalent specifications of this model
are discussed, and we enumerate several immediate payoffs to
these specifications. The main new results are concerned
with the sometimes intricate relationships among APT models
with K factors and APT models with K factors that are
constrained to satisfy mean-variance efficiency
restrictions. These results are not only of theoretical
interest, but more importantly they provide the basis for
econometric estimation and testing of nested hypotheses.
These econometric issues are discussed in detail. © 1991
Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02408405},
Key = {fds285716}
}
@misc{fds21252,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"On Gilbert's Tests of Theories of Economic
Methodology"},
Booktitle = {Appraising Economic Theories},
Publisher = {Worcester: Billing and Sons, Ltd.},
Editor = {Mark Blaug and Neil de Marchi},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds21252}
}
@article{fds285717,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Horney, MJ},
Title = {"Nash-Bargained Household Decisions: Reply"},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds285717}
}
@article{fds285718,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {The Empirical Content of Nash-Bargained Household
Behavior},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {559-559},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990EM77400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/145667},
Key = {fds285718}
}
@misc{fds21245,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and Thomas J. Kniesner and Stephen P.
Wilcox},
Title = {"Family Structure, Race, and the Hazards of Young Women in
Poverty"},
Pages = {26},
Publisher = {The Australian National University Centre for Economic
Policy Research, G.P.O. Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601,
Australia, Discussion Paper 193, L.S.B.N.: 073150178
0},
Year = {1988},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds21245}
}
@article{fds285719,
Author = {Burmeister, MBMWE},
Title = {"Joint Estimation of Factor Sensitivities and Risk Premia
for the Arbitrage Pricing Theory"},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {63},
Number = {3},
Pages = {721-733},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1988.tb04603.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1988.tb04603.x},
Key = {fds285719}
}
@article{fds285721,
Author = {Kniesner, MBMWT and Wilcox, SP},
Title = {"Getting into Poverty without a Husband, and Getting Out,
With or Without"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {86-90},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds285721}
}
@article{fds324847,
Author = {KNIESNER, TJ and MCELROY, MB and WILCOX, SP},
Title = {GETTING INTO POVERTY WITHOUT A HUSBAND, AND GETTING OUT,
WITH OR WITHOUT},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {86-90},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds324847}
}
@article{fds285723,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Burmeister, E},
Title = {"Arbitrage Pricing Theory as a Restricted Nonlinear
Regression Model: NLITSUR Estimates"},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {28-42},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds285723}
}
@article{fds321968,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Burmeister, E},
Title = {Arbitrage pricing theory as a restricted nonlinear
multivariate regression model: Iterated nonlinear seemingly
unrelated regression estimates},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-42},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1988.10509634},
Abstract = {By replacing the unknown random factors of factor analysis
with observed macroeconomic variables, the arbitrage pricing
theory (APT) is recast as a multivariate nonlinear
regression model with across-equation restrictions. An
explicit theoretical justification for the inclusion of an
arbitrary, well-diversified market index is given. Using
monthly returns on 70 stocks, iterated nonlinear seemingly
unrelated regression techniques are employed to obtain joint
estimates of asset sensitivities and their associated APT
risk “prices.” Without the assumption oi normally
distributed errors, these estimators are strongly consistent
and asymptotically normal. With the additional assumption of
normal errors, they are also full-information maximum
likelihood estimators. Classical asymptotic nonlinear nested
hypothesis tests are supportive of the APT with measured
macroeconomic factors. © 1988 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1988.10509634},
Key = {fds321968}
}
@misc{fds21235,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and M. J. Horney},
Title = {"The Household Allocation Problem: Results from a Bargaining
Model"},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {15-38},
Booktitle = {Research in Population Economics},
Publisher = {Greenwich: J.AI Press, Inc.},
Editor = {T. Paul Schultz},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds21235}
}
@article{fds285720,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Berry, M and Burmeister, E},
Title = {"A Practical Perspective of Mutual Fund Risks:
1974-1982"},
Journal = {Investment Management Review},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {78-86},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds285720}
}
@article{fds285722,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Berry, M and Burmeister, E},
Title = {"Sorting out Risks Using Known APT Factors"},
Journal = {Financial Analysts Journal},
Pages = {29-42},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds285722}
}
@article{fds324846,
Author = {BURMEISTER, E and MCELROY, MB},
Title = {JOINT ESTIMATION OF FACTOR SENSITIVITIES AND RISK PREMIA FOR
THE ARBITRAGE PRICING THEORY},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF FINANCE},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {721-735},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2328195},
Doi = {10.2307/2328195},
Key = {fds324846}
}
@article{fds285724,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {Additive General Error Models for Production, Cost, and
Derived Demand or Share Systems},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {95},
Number = {4},
Pages = {737-757},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987J445100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/261483},
Key = {fds285724}
}
@article{fds21243,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and T. J. Kniesner and Stephen P.
Wilcox},
Title = {"Family Structure, Race, and the Feminization of
Poverty"},
Publisher = {Discussion Paper DP#810-86 (Madison: Wis.: University of
Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty)},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds21243}
}
@article{fds285726,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {The Joint Determination of Household Membership and Market
Work: The Case of Young Men},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {293-316},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1985},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0734-306X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AKQ7100003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/298057},
Key = {fds285726}
}
@article{fds285725,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Burmeister, E and Wall, KD},
Title = {Two estimators for the apt model when factors are
measured},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-275},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(85)90035-7},
Abstract = {Non-linear SUR and ITSUR techniques are proposed for the
estimation of the APT and the CAPM when the factors are
observed. These techniques estimate all of the parameters of
the model simultaneously and directly impose the model's
non-linear parameter restrictions. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(85)90035-7},
Key = {fds285725}
}
@misc{fds21236,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Glahn and Hooper Correlation Coefficients"},
Pages = {437-439},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the Statistical Sciences},
Publisher = {New York: John Wiley and Sons},
Editor = {Samuel Kotz and Norman L. Johnson},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds21236}
}
@article{fds21239,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Unemployment, Employment and Temporary Layoff: A
Three-State Job Search Model"},
Publisher = {Discussion Paper no. 80-7 (Chicago: Economic Research
Center, National Opinion Research Center)},
Year = {1981},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds21239}
}
@article{fds285727,
Author = {McElroy, MB and Horney, MJ},
Title = {Nash-Bargained Household Decisions: Toward a Generalization
of the Theory of Demand},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {333-333},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1981},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981MD38300005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2526280},
Key = {fds285727}
}
@article{fds21240,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Duality and the Error Structure of Demand
Systems"},
Publisher = {Discussion Paper no. 81-2 (Chicago: Economic Research
Center, National Opinion Research Center)},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds21240}
}
@misc{fds21233,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Appendix: Empirical Results from Estimates of the Joint
Labor Supply Functions of Husbands and Wives"},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {1-59},
Booktitle = {Research in Labor Economics},
Publisher = {Greenwich, Ct.: JAI Press},
Editor = {R. G. Ehrenberg},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds21233}
}
@article{fds285728,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {"Weaker MSE Criteria and Tests for Linear Restrictions in
Regression Models with Nonspherical Disturbances"},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-387},
Year = {1977},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1896},
Abstract = {This paper presents a measure of goodness of fit for
Zellner's seemingly unrelated regressions. The measure is a
monotonic transform of the appropriate (asymptotic)
F-statistic, is bounded on [0, 1] and is maximized by
Zellner's estimation technique. Glahn's composite
correlation coefficient is shown to be a special case of
this measure. It is also compared to Hooper's squared trace
correlation coefficient. All three measures as well as some
additional asymptotic summary test statistics are calculated
for the two-equation example of Zellner. The applicability
of the latter test statistics seems not to be recognized in
applied work. © 1977.},
Key = {fds285728}
}
@article{fds285729,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {"Goodness of Fit for Seemingly Unrelated Regressions,
Glahn's R²y-x and Hooper's r²"},
Journal = {JOurnal of Econometrics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-394},
Year = {1977},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds285729}
}
@article{fds304426,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {Weaker MSE criteria and tests for linear restrictions in
regression models with non-spherical disturbances},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-394},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1896 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper extend, in an asymptotic sense, the strong and
the weaker mean square error criteria and corresponding
tests to linear models with non-spherical disturbances where
the error covariance matrix is unknown but a consistent
estimator for it is available. The mean square error tests
of Toro-Vizcorrondo and Wallace (1968) and Wallace (1972)
test for the superiority of restricted over unrestricted
linear estimators in a least squares context. This
generalization of these tests makes them available for use
with GLS, Zellner's SUR, 2SLS, 3SLS, tests of over
identification, and so forth. © 1977.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(77)90009-4},
Key = {fds304426}
}
@article{fds304427,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {Goodness of fit for seemingly unrelated regressions. Glahn's
R2y.x and Hooper's
r̄2},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-387},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(77)90008-2},
Abstract = {This paper presents a measure of goodness of fit for
Zellner's seemingly unrelated regressions. The measure is a
monotonic transform of the appropriate (asymptotic)
F-statistic, is bounded on [0, 1] and is maximized by
Zellner's estimation technique. Glahn's composite
correlation coefficient is shown to be a special case of
this measure. It is also compared to Hooper's squared trace
correlation coefficient. All three measures as well as some
additional asymptotic summary test statistics are calculated
for the two-equation example of Zellner. The applicability
of the latter test statistics seems not to be recognized in
applied work. © 1977.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(77)90008-2},
Key = {fds304427}
}
@article{fds285731,
Author = {McElroy, MB},
Title = {"A Spliced CES Expenditure System"},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {765-780},
Year = {1975},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds285731}
}
@article{fds285730,
Author = {Dajani, J and Egan, MM and McElroy, MB},
Title = {The Redistributive Impact of the Atlanta Mass Transit
System},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-49},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1975},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975AN39100005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1056562},
Key = {fds285730}
}
@article{fds21228,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Fitting a Surface with Bounded Rectangular
Planes"},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds21228}
}
@article{fds285732,
Author = {Vernon, MBMWJ},
Title = {"Estimation of Structure Profit Relationships:
Comment"},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {763-767},
Year = {1973},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2091 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds285732}
}
@article{fds21227,
Author = {M.B. McElroy},
Title = {"Asymptomic Tests for 2SLS and a Unification of Alternative
Motivations for 2SLS Estimators"},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds21227}
}
@article{fds21225,
Author = {M.B. McElroy and Hwei-ju Chen and R. Gnanadesikan and j. R.
Kettenring},
Title = {"A Statistical Study of Groupings of Corporations"},
Pages = {447-451},
Publisher = {Proceedings of the American Statistical Association},
Year = {1970},
Key = {fds21225}
}
%% McHugh, Cathleen M.
@article{fds26916,
Author = {C.M. McHugh},
Title = {The Effect of School Competition on Disadvantaged
Students},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~cmm7/chapter2.pdf},
Key = {fds26916}
}
@article{fds26635,
Author = {C.M. McHugh},
Title = {Does Competition Among Public Schools Benefit Students and
Taxpayers: Comment},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~cmm7/chapter1.pdf},
Key = {fds26635}
}
%% Meade, Ellen E
@article{fds366128,
Author = {Meade, EE and Starr, M and Bansak, C},
Title = {Changes in Women's Representation in Economics: New Data
from the AEA Papers and Proceedings},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2021},
Number = {2961},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.2975},
Abstract = {<ns3:p>The shortage of women and historically
underrepresented racial and ethnic groups in the economics
profession has received considerable public attention in the
past several years. The American Economic Association (AEA),
the professional organization for economists, has been
taking steps to address criticism that the economics
discipline is unwelcoming to women and underrepresented
minorities.</ns3:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.2975},
Key = {fds366128}
}
@misc{fds365969,
Author = {Meade, E and Kahn, R},
Title = {International Aspects of Central Banking: Diplomacy and
Coordination},
Booktitle = {Research Handbook on Central Banking},
Editor = {Lastra, R and Conti-Brown, P},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9781784719210},
Abstract = {The Research Handbook on Central Banking's institutional
approach is one of the most interdisciplinary efforts to
consider its topic, and includes chapters from leading and
rising central bankers, economists, lawyers, legal scholars,
...},
Key = {fds365969}
}
@article{fds366129,
Author = {Anderson, A and Ihrig, J and Meade, E and Weinbach,
G},
Title = {What Happened in Money Markets after the Fed's December Rate
Increase?},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2016},
Number = {1713},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.1713},
Abstract = {<jats:p>At its December 2015 meeting, the Fed's policymaking
committee, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC),
announced an increase in the target range for the federal
funds rate of 25 basis points, the first increase in the
policy rate since June 2006.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.1713},
Key = {fds366129}
}
@article{fds366130,
Author = {Ihrig, J and Meade, E and Weinbach, G and Josselyn,
M},
Title = {The Federal Reserve's New Approach to Raising Interest
Rates},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2016},
Number = {1706},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.1706},
Abstract = {<jats:p>At its December 2015 meeting, the Federal Open
Market Committee (FOMC)--the Federal Reserve's monetary
policy committee--raised its target range for the federal
funds rate by 25 basis points, marking the end of an
extraordinary seven-year period during which the federal
funds target range was held near zero to support the
recovery of the U.S. economy from the worst financial crisis
and recession since the Great Depression.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.1706},
Key = {fds366130}
}
@article{fds365949,
Author = {Ihrig, JE and Meade, EE and Weinbach, GC},
Title = {Rewriting Monetary Policy 101: What’s the Fed’s
Preferred Post-Crisis Approach to Raising Interest
Rates?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {177-198},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.29.4.177},
Abstract = {<jats:p> For many years prior to the global financial
crisis, the Federal Open Market Committee set a target for
the federal funds rate and achieved that target through
small purchases and sales of securities in the open market.
In the aftermath of the financial crisis, with a
superabundant level of reserve balances in the banking
system having been created as a result of the Federal
Reserve's large-scale asset purchase programs, this approach
to implementing monetary policy will no longer work. This
paper provides a primer on the Fed's implementation of
monetary policy. We use the standard textbook model to
illustrate why the approach used by the Federal Reserve
before the financial crisis to keep the federal funds rate
near the Federal Open Market Committee's target will not
work in current circumstances, and explain the approach that
the Committee intends to use instead when it decides to
begin raising short-term interest rates.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.29.4.177},
Key = {fds365949}
}
@article{fds366131,
Author = {Meade, EE and Acosta, M},
Title = {Hanging on Every Word: Semantic Analysis of the FOMC's
Postmeeting Statement},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2015},
Number = {1580},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.1580},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The Federal Open Market Committee's (FOMC or
"Committee") postmeeting statements constitute one of the
key vehicles through which the Committee communicates its
assessment of the economy, its policy actions, and its
thinking about future policy.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.1580},
Key = {fds366131}
}
@article{fds366132,
Author = {Meade, EE and Burk, NA and Josselyn, M},
Title = {The FOMC Meeting Minutes: An Update of Counting
Words},
Journal = {FEDS Notes},
Volume = {2015.0},
Number = {2048},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.2048},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The Federal Reserve&amp;amp;#x27;s
communications with the public have evolved substantially
since the early 1990s and today include: policy statements
released shortly after the conclusion of monetary policy
meetings; minutes of those meetings issued three weeks
later; quarterly economic forecasts from the members of the
Federal Reserve Board of Governors and the presidents of the
Federal Reserve Banks; the Chair&amp;amp;#x27;s press
conferences four times per year; a semi-annual Monetary
Policy Report that is submitted to the Congress and released
to the public, along with the Chair&amp;amp;#x27;s
testimony on that report; and transcripts of monetary policy
meetings published after five years. In this note, we focus
on the minutes of Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)
meetings.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/2380-7172.2048},
Key = {fds366132}
}
@article{fds365970,
Author = {Harake, W and Meade, EE},
Title = {Hong Kong's Currency Crisis: A Test of the 1990s
‘Washington Consensus’ View},
Journal = {International Finance},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-296},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/infi.12053},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label
/><jats:p>In the aftermath of the financial crisis that
rocked Southeast Asia in 1997–98, prominent scholars
argued that the advice dispensed by the International
Monetary Fund and supported by the policy community in
Washington had exacerbated rather than stabilized the
crisis. In this paper, we look back at that debate by using
Hong Kong's experience during the Asian financial crisis to
test the then‐consensus view on monetary tightening
against the revisionist view of its critics. Hong Kong
provides an interesting test of the two approaches because
monetary policy was tightened and the pre‐crisis exchange
rate survived the speculative attack intact, in contrast to
other studies that have examined the effects of tighter
monetary policy during attacks that led to changes in
exchange‐rate management. Using a model of
exchange‐market pressure and VAR estimation, we find that
our results are generally supportive of the revisionist
hypothesis.</jats:p></jats:sec>},
Doi = {10.1111/infi.12053},
Key = {fds365970}
}
@article{fds365971,
Author = {Meade, EE and Thornton, DL},
Title = {The Phillips curve and US monetary policy: what the FOMC
transcripts tell us},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {197-216},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpr047},
Doi = {10.1093/oep/gpr047},
Key = {fds365971}
}
@misc{fds366133,
Author = {Meade, E},
Title = {The Governance of Central Banks},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Governance},
Publisher = {OUP Oxford},
Editor = {Levi-Faur, D},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780191628429},
Abstract = {The Oxford Handbook of Governance presents an authoritative
and accessible state-of-the-art analysis of the social
science literature on governance.},
Key = {fds366133}
}
@article{fds365972,
Author = {MEADE, EE},
Title = {FEDERAL RESERVE TRANSCRIPT PUBLICATION AND REGIONAL
REPRESENTATION},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {162-170},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2009.00175.x},
Abstract = {<jats:p> <jats:italic> This article looks at disagreement
within the Federal Reserve's monetary policy committee, the
Federal Open Market Committee or FOMC, following a change in
transparency practices taken in 1993 to publish verbatim
transcripts of FOMC meetings. Other literature has examined
the effects of opening the FOMC's deliberations to public
view and provided empirical evidence that the publication of
transcripts made policymakers less willing to voice
disagreement with the chairman's policy proposal. This
article adds to that work by examining whether regional
variables are important to the analysis and whether the
transcription effects are robust to the inclusion of
regional variables. The results indicate that transcription
effects are indeed robust, regardless of the regional
indicator used, and that larger Federal Reserve districts
may be more likely to voice agreement with a given policy
proposal.</jats:italic> (JEL E42, E58, E65,
F33)</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.2009.00175.x},
Key = {fds365972}
}
@article{fds365973,
Author = {Crowe, C and Meade, EE},
Title = {Central bank independence and transparency: Evolution and
effectiveness},
Journal = {European Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {763-777},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2008.06.004},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2008.06.004},
Key = {fds365973}
}
@article{fds365974,
Author = {Meade, EE and Stasavage, D},
Title = {Publicity of Debate and the Incentive to Dissent: Evidence
from the US Federal Reserve},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {118},
Number = {528},
Pages = {695-717},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02138.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02138.x},
Key = {fds365974}
}
@book{fds365975,
Author = {Kenen, PB and Meade, EE},
Title = {Regional Monetary Integration},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9781139466035},
Abstract = {This book surveys the prospects for regional monetary
integration in various parts of the world.},
Key = {fds365975}
}
@article{fds365976,
Author = {Crowe, C and Meade, EE},
Title = {The Evolution of Central Bank Governance around the
World},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {69-90},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.4.69},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The past two decades have seen enormous changes in
central banks and their practices. In some countries, older
institutions have been fundamentally restructured. In other,
such as the countries of the former Soviet Union, entirely
new central banks have been established. The member
countries of the European Union have created a supranational
central bank that oversees a monetary union. In all of these
situations, central bank law was either revised or written
de novo, while institutional objectives, practices, and
structures were amended or created from scratch. In this
article, we survey and quantify the trends in two major
areas of central bank governance: independence and
transparency. We document the steady progress toward greater
central bank independence and transparency in a large number
of industrial and developing countries over the past 10 to
15 years and discuss the effects of these aspects of
governance on inflation. Finally, we touch on committee
structure and decision making. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.21.4.69},
Key = {fds365976}
}
@article{fds365977,
Author = {Meade, EE and Sheets, DN},
Title = {Regional Influences on FOMC Voting Patterns},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {661-677},
Publisher = {Project MUSE},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mcb.2005.0047},
Doi = {10.1353/mcb.2005.0047},
Key = {fds365977}
}
@article{fds365978,
Author = {Meade, EE},
Title = {The FOMC: Preferences, Voting, and Consensus},
Journal = {Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/r.87.93-101},
Doi = {10.20955/r.87.93-101},
Key = {fds365978}
}
@article{fds365979,
Author = {Meade, EE},
Title = {A (critical) appraisal of the ECB’s voting
reform},
Journal = {Intereconomics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {129-131},
Publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031763},
Doi = {10.1007/bf03031763},
Key = {fds365979}
}
%% Medema, Steven G.
@article{fds376121,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {"i GET by with A LITTLE HELP from MY FRIENDS ... ": AN
EDITOR'S RETROSPECTIVE},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837223000470},
Abstract = {In this article, Steven Medema provides some reflections on
his tenure as editor of the Journal of the History of
Economic Thought (1999 - 2008). This was a time of
significant transition in the life of the journal, and the
successful navigation of this period provides an excellent
illustration of how much an editor and a journal rely on the
assistance and support of both key individuals and the
broader community of scholars in the field.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837223000470},
Key = {fds376121}
}
@article{fds372659,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {IDENTIFYING A "cHICAGO SCHOOL" of ECONOMICS: On the ORIGINS,
DIFFUSION, and EVOLVING MEANINGS of A FAMOUS NAME
BRAND},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837223000123},
Abstract = {Though the Chicago school has been the subject of no small
amount of research over the past several decades, that
scholarship has focused largely on persons, ideas, and
influence - in short, on the school itself. No attention has
been paid to the origins of that label and the avenues via
which the notion of a "Chicago school"of economics came to
be. This paper attempts to address that lacuna, drawing on
both published and archival resources. What emerges is a
story of a label of uncertain origin but wrapped up in
competing agendas, the first stage in the history of which
culminates in 1962 with its rejection by two of the very
people who helped birth it.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837223000123},
Key = {fds372659}
}
@article{fds372660,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Theorising public expenditures: welfare theorems, market
failures, and the turn from “public finance” to
“public economics”},
Journal = {European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {30},
Number = {5},
Pages = {713-738},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672567.2023.2248320},
Abstract = {Public expenditure theory is a late-comer to the field of
public finance, despite laments over the lack of such a
theory dating to the late 1800s. This paper documents and
attempts to explain this transformation, locating its
origins in Richard Musgrave’s normative theory of the
public household and the adoption by subsequent thinkers of
new developments in welfare theory, which was seen to offer
a theoretically sophisticated a vision of the state’s role
as a response to the problem of market failure.},
Doi = {10.1080/09672567.2023.2248320},
Key = {fds372660}
}
@misc{fds370205,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {In search of Santa Claus: Samuelson, Stigler, and Coase
Theorem Worlds},
Pages = {71-89},
Booktitle = {Methodology and History of Economics: Reflections With and
Without Rules},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781032209463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003266051-8},
Doi = {10.4324/9781003266051-8},
Key = {fds370205}
}
@book{fds368104,
Author = {Caldari, K and Dardi, M and Medema, SG},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {v},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds368104}
}
@misc{fds368103,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Between LSE and Cambridge: Accounting for Ronald Coase’s
Fascination with Alfred Marshall},
Pages = {231-268},
Booktitle = {Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic
Thought},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53032-7_10},
Abstract = {For most economists at Chicago, Marshall was simply an
input, the supplier of an approach to economic analysis. For
Ronald Coase, however, Marshall was much more than this—a
subject of fascination and, at times, almost a reverence and
obsession. Trained in the late 1920s and early 1930s at the
London School of Economics, where indifference and even
antipathy toward Marshall was widespread, and a member of
the LSE faculty from 1935 until his departure for the United
States in 1951, Coase would not have ranked high on the list
of those expected to become Marshall’s first
biographer—a project that Coase finally abandoned only
late in life—let alone one who drew on Marshall’s
methodological approach to castigate both modern economics
generally and certain of his (“Marshallian”) Chicago
colleagues in particular. Coase’s affinity for Marshall,
whom he considered both a “great economist” and a
“flawed human being,” requires some explanation, clues
toward which can be found both in his published writings and
in the voluminous materials from his researches on Marshall
now available in Coase’s archives. This paper examines
Coase’s biographical work on Marshall and his discussions
of Marshall’s economics for clues as to the sources of
Coase’s affinity for Marshall. The evidence suggests
explanations that are at once personal and
professional.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-53032-7_10},
Key = {fds368103}
}
@article{fds354577,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The coase theorem at sixty},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {58},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1045-1128},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/JEL.20191060},
Abstract = {The Coase theorem is one of the most influential and
controversial ideas to emerge from post-World War II
economics. This article examines the theorem's origins,
diffusion, and the wide variety of uses to which it has been
put by economists and others over the sixty years since
Coase published "The Problem of Social Cost." Along the way,
we explore the ambiguity and controversy surrounding the
theorem, develop a Coase theorem that is valid as a
proposition in economic logic, and probe the implications of
all of this for the use of the Coase theorem going
forward.},
Doi = {10.1257/JEL.20191060},
Key = {fds354577}
}
@article{fds355145,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Embracing at arm's length: Ronald Coase's uneasy
relationship with the Chicago school},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {72},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1072-1090},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpaa011},
Abstract = {This paper takes up Ronald Coase's views on the Chicago
school, as found in his published and, especially,
unpublished writings. Coase's personal and professional
papers, recently opened for examination in the University of
Chicago's Regenstein Library, reveal that his commentaries
on the Chicago Economics Department and the Chicago school
began already in the early 1960s, prior to his appointment
at Chicago. These and later commentaries at once reveal a
measure of kinship and significant differences of viewpoint,
particularly as respects economic method. Pulling back the
lens a bit further, the paper provides additional evidence
for the heterogeneity of views on fundamental questions that
existed even among ostensibly cornerstone members of the
so-called 'Chicago school'.},
Doi = {10.1093/oep/gpaa011},
Key = {fds355145}
}
@article{fds366763,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {“Exceptional and Unimportant”? Externalities,
Competitive Equilibrium, and the Myth of a Pigovian
Tradition},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-170},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-8009583},
Abstract = {The notion of a Pigovian tradition in externality theory,
against which Ronald Coase and others reacted beginning in
the 1960s, has a long history. This article, though,
suggests that the literature of economics evidences no such
tradition, and that the discussion of externalities largely
disappeared from the literature following Pigou’s 1920
treatment, only to reemerge, in very different form, in the
1950s. Such concern as there was with externalities was
largely technical-as an impediment to the attainment of an
efficient equilibrium-rather than with externalities as
important real-world phenomena that required addressing via
“Pigovian” policy instruments. It was only in the late
1950s and 1960s, with the growing social and political
concern about large-scale pollution, that externality
analysis came to capture the attention of economists, but
even this early work on environmental topics was less
straightforwardly Pigovian than one might
expect.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-8009583},
Key = {fds366763}
}
@article{fds345507,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The economist and the economist's audience},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {335-341},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S105383721900018X},
Doi = {10.1017/S105383721900018X},
Key = {fds345507}
}
@article{fds354578,
Author = {Maas, H and Medema, SG and Guidi, M},
Title = {Introduction to economics as a public science. Part II:
Institutional settings},
Journal = {OEconomia},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {427-432},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/oeconomia.7424},
Abstract = {This issue of Œconomia contains the second set of essays
that emerged from the conference “Economics and Public
Reason” hosted in May 2018 at the Centre Walras-Pareto for
the History of Economic and Political Thought at the
University of Lausanne.},
Doi = {10.4000/oeconomia.7424},
Key = {fds354578}
}
@article{fds354579,
Author = {Maas, H and Medema, SG and Guidi, M},
Title = {Introduction to economics as a public science},
Journal = {OEconomia},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-207},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/oeconomia.5784},
Abstract = {This short article introduces readers to the papers
published in this issue on the theme of “public reason”
in economics. It provides ground to the notion of “public
reason” in economics as a two-way process taking place in
interstitial spaces between economics, as an academic
discipline, and the various publics in which economics-its
concepts, tools, and methods-acquires meaning as an
instrument of social understanding and political
change.},
Doi = {10.4000/oeconomia.5784},
Key = {fds354579}
}
@book{fds366764,
Author = {Samuels, WJ and Medema, SG},
Title = {Gardiner C. Means: Institutionalist and post
Keynesian},
Pages = {1-197},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780873326155},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315490854},
Abstract = {Gardiner Means has a secure place in the history of 20th
century economic thought, as the co-author with A.A.Berle of
“The Modern Corporation and Private Property”. But
according to Samuels and Medema, Means should be remembered
for major contributions in both micro- and macroeconomics.
The authors discuss Means's ideas of administered pricing
and profit maximization within the giant corporation, the
possible links between industrial structure and
macroeconomic performance, a theory of the firm as it
relates to the market, and the micro foundations of
macroeconomics. Central to Means's macroeconomics is his
theory that administered pricing generates inflation and
stagflation. Means, in the authors' view, was a seminal
thinker and a post-Keynesian economist, as well as an
institutionalist. This book also gives an precis of Means's
unusual career in government and the academy.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315490854},
Key = {fds366764}
}
@misc{fds368509,
Author = {Marciano, A and Medema, SG},
Title = {Disciplinary collisions: Blum, Kalven and the economic
analysis of accident law at Chicago in the
1960s},
Pages = {53-75},
Booktitle = {Law and Economics as Interdisciplinary Exchange:
Philosophical, Methodological and Historical
Perspectives},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780367135058},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429026850-4},
Abstract = {The University of Chicago occupies a central place in the
history of Law and Economics. To this point, however, scant
attention has been given in the literature to how the
prospect of an economic analysis of law was received within
the law school at Chicago when the subject was in its
infancy. In this chapter we focus on the work of two
prominent dissenters: Law professors Walter J. Blum and
Harry Kalven, Jr. We show that, although immersed in
economics and interacting with the main actors of the Law
and Economics movement in the early 1950s, Blum and Kalven
largely rejected economics as a possible and useful tool for
solving legal problems, both because of their concerns about
the utility of economics in the legal realm and because of
their sense that economics and law are grounded in
fundamentally incompatible normative visions.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780429026850-4},
Key = {fds368509}
}
@book{fds345508,
Author = {Irwin, DA and Medema, SG},
Title = {Jacob Viner: Lectures in economics 301},
Pages = {1-159},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781412851664},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203788110},
Abstract = {This book presents, for the first time, a detailed
transcription of Jacob Viner’s Economics 301 class as
taught in 1930. These lecture notes provide insight into the
legacy of Jacob Viner, whose seminal contributions to fields
such as international economics and the history of economics
are well known, but whose impact in sparking the revival of
Marshallian microeconomics in the United States via his
classroom teaching has been less appreciated. Generations of
graduate students at the University of Chicago have taken
Economics 301. The course has been taught by such luminaries
as Milton Friedman and Gary Becker, and remains an
introduction to the analytical tools of microeconomics and
the distinctive Chicago way of thinking about the market
system. This demanding and rigorous course first became
famous in the 1930s when it was taught by Jacob Viner. When
read in tandem with the Transaction editions of Milton
Friedman’s Price Theory, Frank Knight's The Economic
Organization, and Gary Becker’s Economic Theory, Viner’s
lectures provide the reader with important insights into the
formative period of Chicago price theory. These recently
discovered notes from Viner’s class will be important for
historians of economic thought and anyone interested in the
origins of the Chicago School of Economics.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203788110},
Key = {fds345508}
}
@misc{fds345509,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {His influence in the Anglo-Saxon world},
Pages = {115-118},
Booktitle = {Antonio de Viti de Marco: A Story Worth Remembering},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781137534927},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53493-4_10},
Abstract = {Q. What could you tell us about the influence of the Italian
public finance school in general on the Anglo-American
economic thought? What happened was that because so little
of the Italian literature was translated into English, the
diffusion of this literature into Anglo Saxon public finance
was relatively slow. It was really De Viti who really
brought this to the English-speaking crowd sooner, because
his First Principles of Public Finance was translated into
English in the Thirties. 1 When Buchanan was a graduate
student he became exposed to De Viti’s First Principles
and it stimulated him to learn Italian. Buchanan’s
original interest was in Wicksell. Wicksell had done a great
deal of work on the relationship between voting processes
and government policy outcomes. 2 It was only after Buchanan
had read Wicksell that he ran into some of this Italian
literature, De Viti in particular, and when he did so he
recognized the important communalities between these two
streams of literature and decided that he needed to explore
this Italian literature even further. What was really
important for Buchanan about this early work was that it
viewed politics as a process that operated according to the
very same principles that the private sector market system
operated. So the voting process was seen as a process
basically equivalent to consumer purchases of goods and
services, where voting functions in the same way that
payment in the market place does; and just as voters are
consumers of goods and services provided by the government,
politicians are suppliers and the same with their companies,
are suppliers, so politics here was simply modeled as a
market exchange where you have the government sector
supplying public services, individuals demanding public
services, and you can model the political process as a
market, just like the market for apples and
oranges.},
Doi = {10.1057/978-1-137-53493-4_10},
Key = {fds345509}
}
@misc{fds352326,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Ronald Coase and the legal-economic nexus},
Pages = {291-304},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to Ronald H. Coase},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781782547983},
Key = {fds352326}
}
@misc{fds345510,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {Walras in the age of Marshall: An analysis of
English-language journals, 1890-1939},
Pages = {69-86},
Booktitle = {Economics and Other Branches - In the Shade of the Oak Tree:
Essays in Honour of Pascal Bridel},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781848935334},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315653808},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315653808},
Key = {fds345510}
}
@article{fds345512,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {'A magnificent business prospect' the Coase theorem, the
extortion problem, and the creation of Coase theorem
worlds},
Journal = {Journal of Institutional Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {353-378},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S174413741400023X},
Abstract = {The Coase theorem, circa the 1970s, had no settled meaning
or content; instead, that meaning and content was created -
and in differing ways - by the modeling choices of scholars
who attempted to grapple with and assess the proposition
that Coase had laid out in 1960. These modeling decisions
included both the theoretical frameworks laid onto the
theorem and the assumptions (including meanings ascribed
thereto) said to underlie it. The present article
illustrates this using the 1960s and 1970s extortion debate
as a backdrop, showing how conclusions reached regarding the
theorem's validity hinged on the Coase theorem worlds
created by the authors involved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S174413741400023X},
Key = {fds345512}
}
@article{fds349169,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Economic rebel in retrospect},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350178X.2014.973751},
Abstract = {© 2015 Taylor & Francis Mark Blaug's contributions to
economics were many and significant. This essay provides a
review of Mark Blaug: Rebel with Many Causes (2014), edited
by Marcel Boumans and Matthias Klaes, which collects papers
from a set of conferences organized in Blaug's
memory.},
Doi = {10.1080/1350178X.2014.973751},
Key = {fds349169}
}
@book{fds345513,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The "subtle processes of economic reasoning": Marshall,
becker, and Theorizing about economic Man and
other-regarding behavior},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {43-73},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0743-415420150000033010},
Abstract = {The question of whether, and to what extent, Chicago price
theory is Marshallian is a large one, with many aspects. The
theory of individual behavior is one of these, and the
treatment of altruism, or, more generally, other-regarding
behavior, falls within this domain. This chapter explores
the analysis of other-regarding behavior in the work of
Alfred Marshall and Gary Becker with a view to drawing out
the similarities and differences in their respective
approaches. What emerges is sense that we find in Becker's
work important commonalities with Marshall but also
significant points of departure and that the line from
Marshall to modern Chicago is neither as direct as it is
sometimes portrayed, nor as faint as it is sometimes claimed
by Chicago critics.},
Doi = {10.1108/S0743-415420150000033010},
Key = {fds345513}
}
@article{fds345511,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Crossing the atlantic with calabresi and coase: Efficiency,
distribution, and justice at the origins of economic
analysis of law in Britain},
Journal = {History of Economic Ideas},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {61-87},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The slow diffusion of the economic analysis of law into
Europe has been much remarked upon in the literature, but
the diffusion itself has not, to this point, been made the
subject of historical study. The present paper examines the
two earliest substantive discussions of economic analysis of
law in the British literature and the somewhat unlikely
sources from which these discussions emanated. In doing so,
it highlights the possibilities and limitations that were
seen to attend the application of economic ideas to legal
thinking and points to the impediments to a broad acceptance
of the economic approach.},
Key = {fds345511}
}
@article{fds361759,
Author = {Marciano, A and Medema, SG},
Title = {Market Failure in Context: Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {47},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3130415},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3130415},
Key = {fds361759}
}
@misc{fds358336,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {From dismal to dominance? Law and economics and the values
of imperial science, historically contemplated},
Pages = {69-88},
Booktitle = {Law and Economics: Philosophical Issues and Fundamental
Questions},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415404105},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315730882-5},
Abstract = {The history of the economic analysis of law is one of
success, whether success is measured by the field’s
explanatory power or by its professional entrenchment. On
the economics side, its journals have significant status
within the profession at large, the subject matter has its
own JEL code, and texts and courses have proliferated at the
undergraduate and graduate levels. The economic approach,
while retaining much of its original flavor, has not
remained static; rather, it has evolved to encompass a
somewhat broader perspective than evidenced in its formative
years. This broadening owes, of course, to the influence of
work being done in behavioral law and economics and the
analysis of social norms, movements that seem to be
generating a natural, and even predictable. Gary Becker is
the person perhaps most closely associated with this view of
economics and Richard Posner, in the minds of most, with the
application of these values with the legal
arena.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315730882-5},
Key = {fds358336}
}
@misc{fds370206,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {Walras in the Age of Marshall: An Analysis of
English-Language Journals, 1890–1939},
Pages = {69-86},
Booktitle = {Economics and other Branches – In the Shade of the Oak
Tree: Essays in Honour of Pascal Bridel},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781848935334},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315653808-9},
Abstract = {It is generally accepted that Léon Walras’s greatest
influence on American and British economics began only in
the 1930s. While there is a significant element of truth to
this, it begs the question of the degree to which Walras’s
work was known in the English-speaking world prior to the
1930s. Economists sometimes write as if there was a
rediscovery of Walras in the 1930s, which raises the
question of what American economists already knew about his
work and how they had responded to it. Pascal Bridel has
tackled this problem through analysing the reviews of
Walras’s books, and Walker has provided both a brief
overview of these connections and a selection of the more
recent literature illustrating Walras’s influence.1 This
essay extends this work through a systematic analysis of how
his ideas were received in the main English-language
journals.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315653808-9},
Key = {fds370206}
}
@article{fds345514,
Author = {DeAngelo, G and Medema, SG},
Title = {Those crazy transaction costs: On the irrelevance of the
equivalence between monetary damages and specific
performance},
Journal = {European Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {269-275},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10657-011-9285-0},
Abstract = {The Coase theorem tells us that monetary damages and
specific performance remedies for breach of contract have
identical effects when transaction costs are zero. This has
become a standard part of the literature on the economics of
contract law. This note argues that the traditional view is
somewhat misguided, as monetary damages and specific
performance remedies are unnecessary in a zero transaction
costs world. We go on to show how the presence of
transaction costs impact the decisions of contracting
parties as between the inclusion of liquidated damages
clauses in contracts and resorting to litigation that could
result in the application of either monetary damages or
specific performance remedies. © 2011 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10657-011-9285-0},
Key = {fds345514}
}
@book{fds345515,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Paul Samuelson on the history of economic analysis: Selected
essays},
Pages = {1-466},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107029934},
Abstract = {As one of the most famous economists of the twentieth
century, Paul Anthony Samuelson revolutionized many branches
of economic theory. As a diligent student of his
predecessors, he reconstructed their economic analyses in
the mathematical idiom he pioneered. Out of Samuelson's more
than eighty articles, essays, and memoirs, the editors of
this collection have selected seventeen. Twelve are
mathematical reconstructions of some of the most famous work
in the history of economic thought – work by David Hume,
François Quesnay, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and others. One is
a methodological essay defending the Whig history that he
was sometimes accused of promulgating; two deal with the
achievements of Joseph Schumpeter and Denis Robertson; and
two review theoretical developments of his own time:
Keynesian economics and monopolistic competition. The
collection provides readers with a sense of the depth and
breadth of Samuelson's contributions to the study of the
history of economics.},
Key = {fds345515}
}
@article{fds345516,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Juris prudence: Calabresi's uneasy relationship with the
coase theorem},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {65-95},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds345516}
}
@article{fds345517,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {1966 and all that: Codification, consolidation, creep, and
controversy in the early history of the coase
theorem},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-303},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837214000340},
Abstract = {The year 1966 was central to the history of the Coase
theorem debates, featuring the entry of the idea of a 'Coase
theorem' into economic discourse and the eruption of the
controversy over the the correctness of Coase's negotiation
result. This paper examines economists' treatments of
Coase's result in 1966 and through the remainder of the
decade, a period during which its place in the professional
discourse began to solidify and three 'camps' began to
develop around it: those who believed Coase's result correct
but of limited real-world applicability, those who found it
relevant for explaining and devising policy with regard to a
wide swath of externality-related phenomena, and those who
argued and purported to demonstrate that this result was
simply incorrect or wrong-headed on one or another grounds.
© 2014 The History of Economics Society.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837214000340},
Key = {fds345517}
}
@article{fds345518,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Neither misunderstood nor ignored: The early reception of
coase's wider challenge to the analysis of
externalities},
Journal = {History of Economic Ideas},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {111-132},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The 'Coase theorem' has long been the idea most commonly
associated with Ronald Coase's analysis in «The Problem of
Social Cost». Yet, Coase frequently argued late in his
career that he had been misunderstood, and that the central
message(s) of the article lay elsewhere. Though virtually
all of the discussion in decades following the publication
of «The Problem of Social Cost» focused on Coase's
negotiation result, the fact is that Coase's message was
not, at the start, misunderstood. This paper takes up a
number of the treatments of «The Problem of Social Cost»
in the years immediately following its publication to
demonstrate that Coase's emphasis on the reciprocal nature
of externalities, the importance of transaction costs, the
possibility of merger solutions, the costs associated with
state action, and the need for a comparative institutional
approach were anything but lost on these early commentators.
It was only later that the negotiation result became the
major fixation of interpreters of Coase's work. © Copyright
2014.},
Key = {fds345518}
}
@article{fds345519,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Economics and institutions lessons from the coase
theorem},
Journal = {Revue Economique},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {243-261},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reco.652.0243},
Abstract = {The Coase theorem occupies an important place in the history
of modern economics. Its implication that institutions are
irrelevant for economic performance, though, posed great
difficulties for economists, both in their treatment of the
theorem per se and in their attempts to grapple with the
effects of property rights and transaction costs-two key
features of the institutional underpinnings of the economy.
This article explores how the Coase theorem and its
treatment by economists point to the importance of
institutions and the tensions within modern economics that
were revealed by these efforts. © Presses de Sciences
Po.},
Doi = {10.3917/reco.652.0243},
Key = {fds345519}
}
@article{fds345520,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The curious treatment of the coase theorem in the
environmental economics literature, 1960-1979},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-57},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/ret020},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/ret020},
Key = {fds345520}
}
@article{fds345521,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The importance of being misunderstood: The Coase theorem and
the legacy of 'The Problem of Social Cost'},
Journal = {Journal of Natural Resources Policy Research},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {249-253},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390459.2013.835122},
Doi = {10.1080/19390459.2013.835122},
Key = {fds345521}
}
@misc{fds347374,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Wandering the road from pluralism to posner: The
transformation of law and economics in the twentieth
century},
Pages = {16-32},
Booktitle = {Law and Economics: A Reader},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780415445603},
Key = {fds347374}
}
@article{fds345522,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {On why there is no Milton Friedman today: Sui Generis, Sui
Temporis},
Journal = {Econ Journal Watch},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {197-204},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {This essay responds to the question, "Why is there no Milton
Friedman today?" In doing so, it briefly examines several
aspects of Friedman's professional life that contributed to
his success in the academic, policy, and public realms as
well as the influence of the social and political context in
which Friedman lived and worked. The conclusion reached is
that we are unlikely to see another Milton Friedman-or
Friedman-like figure of any political persuasion-anytime
soon.},
Key = {fds345522}
}
@book{fds345523,
Author = {Medema, SG and Samuels, WJ},
Title = {The history of economic thought: A reader, second
edition},
Pages = {1-767},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415568678},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203568477},
Abstract = {From the ancients to the moderns, questions of economic
theory and policy have been an important part of
intellectual and public debate, engaging the attention of
some of history's greatest minds. This book brings together
readings from more than two thousand years of writings on
economic subjects. Through these selections, the reader can
see first-hand how the great minds of past grappled with
some of the central social and economic issues of their
times and, in the process, enhanced our understanding of how
economic systems function. This collection of readings
covers the major themes that have preoccupied economic
thinkers throughout the ages, including price determination
and the underpinnings of the market system, monetary theory
and policy, international trade and finance, income
distribution, and the appropriate role for government within
the economic system. These ideas unfold, develop, and change
course over time at the hands of scholars such as Aristotle,
St. Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, François Quesnay, David
Hume, Adam Smith, Thomas Robert Malthus, David Ricardo, John
Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, William Stanley Jevons, Alfred
Marshall, Irving Fisher, Thorstein Veblen, John Maynard
Keynes, Milton Friedman, and Paul Samuelson. Each reading
has been selected with a view to both enlightening the
reader as to the major contributions of the author in
question and to giving the reader a broad view of the
development of economic thought and analysis over time. This
book will be useful for students, scholars, and lay people
with an interest in the history of economic thought and the
history of ideas generally.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203568477},
Key = {fds345523}
}
@article{fds345524,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Warren Samuels: A personal reminiscence},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-411},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-1717230},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1717230},
Key = {fds345524}
}
@article{fds345525,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {Economists and the analysis of government failure: Fallacies
in the Chicago and Virginia interpretations of Cambridge
welfare economics},
Journal = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {981-994},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/ber047},
Abstract = {The theory of government failure was developed as a reaction
against Pigovian welfare economics and the Cambridge
approach to economic policy analysis generally, which
ostensibly lacked a theory of governmental behaviour. We
argue that the Cambridge tradition-as reflected in the
writings of Henry Sidgwick, Alfred Marshall and A.C.
Pigou-evidences a clear sense of the potential limitations
and inefficiencies of the political process that were later
developed, albeit in a more systematic fashion, in the
government failure literature and at the same time bring out
the ways in which the Cambridge and contemporary government
failure approaches diverge, in spite of their strong
similarities. © The Authors 2012. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of the Cambridge Political
Economy Society. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/cje/ber047},
Key = {fds345525}
}
@article{fds345526,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Public choice and the notion of creative
communities},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {225-246},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2010-049},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2010-049},
Key = {fds345526}
}
@article{fds345528,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {A case of mistaken identity: George Stigler, "The Problem of
Social Cost," and the Coase theorem},
Journal = {European Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-38},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10657-010-9196-5},
Abstract = {"The Problem of Social Cost" is rightly credited with
helping to launch the economic analysis of law. George
Stigler plays a central role in the professional reception
of Coase's work and, in particular, of the idea that came to
be known as the Coase theorem. While Coase's negotiation
result was taken up in the scholarly literature not long
after the publication of "The Problem of Social Cost," it
was Stigler who gave the theorem its name and introduced it
to scores of readers in The Theory of Price (1966). His
remaking of Coase's idea into a "theorem" had significant
rhetorical force, which, combined with the challenge that it
pose to received thinking about externality problems, both
lent credibility to the idea and made it a force to be
reckoned with. The present paper analyzes Stigler's various
commentaries on the Coase theorem with a view to getting at
both how Stigler understood the theorem and its import and
why he exhibited such a fascination with it over the last 30
years of his life. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10657-010-9196-5},
Key = {fds345528}
}
@misc{fds345527,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Chicago price theory and chicago law and economics: A tale
of two transitions},
Pages = {151-179},
Booktitle = {Building Chicago Economics: New Perspectives on the History
of America's Most Powerful Economics Program},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107013414},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139004077.012},
Abstract = {It is common practice to equate “law and economics” with
the Chicago School and Chicago law and economics with
Richard Posner and the economic analysis of law. Just as
common is the tendency to equate Chicago microeconomics, or
price theory, with Gary Becker, George Stigler, and the
hard-nosed rational choice approach that has extended the
economic paradigm across the social spectrum. In fact,
however, these are distinctly modern variants of what are
lengthy Chicago traditions in law and economics and price
theory. the Chicago price theory tradition is now more than
three quarters of a century old, and the law and economics
tradition is only a couple of decades younger than that.
However, Chicago price theory prior to, say, the 1960s was a
rather dif erent enterprise than that of the subsequent
period. Likewise, law and economics at Chicago has undergone
a major transformation during the same period, as pointed
out by, for example, Alain Marciano (2008) and Steven Medema
(1998, 2009b). To date, however, there has not been a
historical explanation given for this transformation in law
and economics. the position taken here is that the
transformations of price theory and law and economics are
linked – specifically, that the transformation of Chicago
law and economics evolved out of the transformation in price
theory. the first generation of Chicago law and economics
– as rel ected in the teaching and scholarship of Aaron
Director, Director’s students, and Ronald Coase – has
its foundations in the first generation of the Chicago price
theory tradition, that is, in the approach to the subject
found in the price theory courses and scholarship of Frank
Knight, Jacob Viner, and, later, Milton Friedman. the second
generation of Chicago law and economics – the economic
analysis of law – is grounded in the rational choice
theory, a form of price theory quite dif erent from the
“old” Chicago version, in spite of elements of common
lineage, as well as a very dif erent conception of
“economics,” one that involved a (then) distinctive take
on Lionel Robbins’s dei nition of the subject as “the
science which studies human behaviour as a relationship
between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses”
(1932, 15).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781139004077.012},
Key = {fds345527}
}
@misc{fds352327,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Bateman, BW and Medema, SG},
Title = {The reception of Marshall in the United States},
Pages = {59-80},
Booktitle = {The Impact of Alfred Marshall's Ideas: The Global Diffusion
of his Work},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781847205124},
Key = {fds352327}
}
@misc{fds345530,
Author = {Medema, S},
Title = {History of economic thought},
Pages = {139-160},
Booktitle = {The Heart of Teaching Economics: Lessons from Leading
Minds},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781848447905},
Key = {fds345530}
}
@misc{fds345529,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Adam Smith and the Chicago school},
Pages = {40-51},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to the Chicago School of
Economics},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781840648744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781849806664.00010},
Abstract = {Adam Smith’s discussion of the system of natural liberty,
its eff ects on the functioning of the market system, and
the resultant implications for the economic role of the
state has formed the basis for much of the subsequent
economic literature analyzing the interplay of market and
state. That there is no settled interpretation of this and
any number of other aspects of Smith’s work is clear; what
is equally clear is that Smith’s ideas have, via
particular interpretive turns, been used to support the
development of theories and frameworks for the analysis of
economic policy. This is interesting for the interpretation
given to Smith’s ideas, the uses made of them in light of
that, and how both of these factors infl uence the larger
professional (and even popular) view of Smith. The present
essay examines what may be the most fertile of these uses of
Smith in the twentieth century: that associated with the
Chicago School.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781849806664.00010},
Key = {fds345529}
}
@misc{fds345531,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Richard A. Posner},
Pages = {306-311},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to the Chicago School of
Economics},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781840648744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781849806664.00034},
Abstract = {Richard A. Posner (1939–) was born on January 11, 1939 in
New York City. He received his BA from Yale College (1959)
and his LLD from Harvard Law School (1962), where he served
as President of the Law Review. The period following his
graduation was spent in Washington, DC, fi rst clerking for
Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. and then
working in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. Posner
was appointed Associate Professor of Law at Stanford in 1968
and it was there that he came into contact with Aaron
Director, who exposed him to the economic approach to
analyzing legal rules. Posner moved on to the University of
Chicago law school in 1969. Since 1981, he has served as a
Judge of the US Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit,
including as Chief Judge from 1993 until 2000. During his
tenure on the Court, Posner has continued both to teach
regularly at Chicago and to publish at a prolific
rate.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781849806664.00034},
Key = {fds345531}
}
@misc{fds345532,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Chicago law and economics},
Pages = {160-174},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to the Chicago School of
Economics},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781840648744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781849806664.00018},
Abstract = {The field of law and economics is arguably the most
successful of economics’ various imperialistic movements,
and this success has been driven largely by scholars from
the University of Chicago and their protégés. If one
spends much time examining the current literature in the
field, including ‘surveys’ of law and economics and its
development, one comes away with the distinct impression
that the fi eld is a post-1960 phenomenon, one that dates
roughly from the founding of the Journal of Law and
Economics (JL and E) in the late 1950s and the publication
of Ronald Coase’s (1960) ‘The problem of social cost’.
In fact, of course, law and economics, conceived of as the
study of the interrelations between legal and economic
processes, is as old as economics itself. The ancient
Greeks, the scholastics, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Henry
Sidgwick, the German Historical School, A.C. Pigou, and,
inter alia, the early American institutionalists devoted
signifi cant attention to legal–economic relationships.
Yet, the existence of this literature is noted only barely,
if at all, in contemporary legal–economic scholarship,
and, when taken note of, it is largely waved aside as
something very diff erent from (and irrelevant for)
contemporary analysis.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781849806664.00018},
Key = {fds345532}
}
@misc{fds345533,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Ronald harry coase},
Pages = {259-264},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to the Chicago School of
Economics},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781840648744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781849806664.00025},
Abstract = {Ronald Harry Coase was born on December 29, 1910 in the
London suburb of Willesden. An only child, Coase was
educated at the Kilburn Grammar School and the London School
of Economics (LSE), from which he graduated with a degree in
commerce in 1932. Interestingly, Coase did not take a single
economics course while he was at LSE, and he later suggested
that this was to his benefi t, in that it gave him ‘a
freedom in thinking about economic problems which [he] might
not otherwise have had’ (Coase 1990, p. 3). Coase is very
quick to credit Arnold Plant’s role in his intellectual
development, and says that Plant’s ‘main influence was
in bringing me to see that there were many problems
concerning business practices to which we had no
satisfactory answer’ (Coase 1982a, p. 34, see also Coase
1986). Through Plant, he says, the students came to view the
economic system as an essentially competitive one and to see
many of the business practices attributed to the forces of
monopoly as natural results of a competitive system (Kitch
1983, p. 214). As one moves through the pages of Coase’s
career, one can see clearly the profound impression that
these ideas, along with Plant’s approach of looking at
real-world problems, made upon Coase.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781849806664.00025},
Key = {fds345533}
}
@misc{fds345534,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Pigou's “prima facie case”: Market failure in theory and
practice},
Pages = {42-61},
Booktitle = {No Wealth but Life: Welfare Economics and the Welfare State
in Britain, 1880-1945},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521197861},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511750649.004},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION The idea that the pursuit of private interests
may not redound to the larger social interest has a long
history in economic thinking, but it was not until the
second half of the 19th century that this line of thought
began to coalesce into an analysis of market failure. The
first stage of this process culminated in A. C. Pigou’s
analysis of private and social net products, beginning with
his Wealth and Welfare and then, more expansively, in The
Economics of Welfare. The Economics of Welfare, in turn,
laid the foundation for the second stage: the development of
the orthodox theory of market failure in the middle third of
the 20th century. Indeed, Pigou’s work has been cited by
supporters and critics alike as the basis for a neoclassical
approach to market failures that dominated economic thinking
from the 1940s onward. The resulting advances showed the
restrictive nature of the conditions for optimality and, as
a result, the pervasiveness of market failure. With this
came demonstrations of how governmental policies could be
put in place to achieve optimality. The last third of the
century witnessed a series of challenges to this received
view, catalyzed by the Chicago and Virginia schools. The
work of James Buchanan, Ronald Coase, Milton Friedman,
Robert Lucas, George Stigler, and Gordon Tullock both
challenged the traditional view and led to a larger
reexamination by economists of the relations between state
and economy at both the micro and macro levels.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511750649.004},
Key = {fds345534}
}
@article{fds345535,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {Robbins's essay and the axiomatization of
economics},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {485-499},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837209990277},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837209990277},
Key = {fds345535}
}
@article{fds345536,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {History by the numbers: A comment on Carlson and
diamond},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {543-547},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837209990319},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837209990319},
Key = {fds345536}
}
@article{fds345537,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {"the history of economics is what historians of economics
do:" A reconsideration of research priorities in the history
of economic thought},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {384-391},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1053837209990216},
Doi = {10.1017/S1053837209990216},
Key = {fds345537}
}
@book{fds345538,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The hesitant hand: Taming self-interest in the history of
economic ideas},
Pages = {1-230},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780691150000},
Abstract = {Here Christina Wolbrecht boldly demonstrates how the
Republican and Democratic parties have helped transform, and
have been transformed by, American public debate and policy
on women's rights. She begins by showing the evolution of
the positions of both parties on women's rights over the
past five decades. In the 1950s and early 1960s, Republicans
were slightly more favorable than Democrats, but by the
early 1980s, the parties had polarized sharply, with
Democrats supporting, and Republicans opposing, such
policies as the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion rights.
Wolbrecht not only traces the development of this shift in
the parties' relative positions--focusing on party
platforms, the words and actions of presidents and
presidential candidates, and the behavior of the parties'
delegations in Congress--but also seeks to explain the
realignment. The author considers the politically charged
developments that have contributed to a redefinition and
expansion of the women's rights agenda since the
1960s--including legal changes, the emergence of the modern
women's movement, and changes in patterns of employment,
fertility, and marriage. Wolbrecht explores how party
leaders reacted to these developments and adopted positions
in ways that would help expand their party's coalition.
Combined with changes in those coalitions--particularly the
rise of social conservatism within the GOP and the
affiliation of social movement groups with the Democratic
party--the result was the polarization characterizing the
parties' stances on women's rights today.},
Key = {fds345538}
}
@book{fds345539,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The hesitant hand: Taming self-interest in the history of
economic ideas},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780691122960},
Abstract = {Adam Smith turned economic theory on its head in 1776 when
he declared that the pursuit of self-interest mediated by
the market itself--not by government--led, via an invisible
hand, to the greatest possible welfare for society as a
whole.The Hesitant Handexamines how subsequent economic
thinkers have challenged or reaffirmed Smith's doctrine,
some contending that society needs government to intervene
on its behalf when the marketplace falters, others arguing
that government interference ultimately benefits neither the
market nor society.Steven Medema explores what has been
perhaps the central controversy in modern economics from
Smith to today. He traces the theory of market failure from
the 1840s through the 1950s and subsequent attacks on this
view by the Chicago and Virginia schools. Medema follows the
debate from John Stuart Mill through the Cambridge welfare
tradition of Henry Sidgwick, Alfred Marshall, and A. C.
Pigou, and looks at Ronald Coase's challenge to the
Cambridge approach and the rise of critiques affirming
Smith's doctrine anew. He shows how, following the marginal
revolution, neoclassical economists, like the preclassical
theorists before Smith, believed government can mitigate the
adverse consequences of self-interested behavior, yet how
the backlash against this view, led by the Chicago and
Virginia schools, demonstrated that self-interest can also
impact government, leaving society with a choice among
imperfect alternatives.The Hesitant Handdemonstrates how
government's economic role continues to be bound up in
questions about the effects of self-interest on the greater
good. © 2009 by Princeton University Press. All Rights
Reserved.},
Key = {fds345539}
}
@article{fds345540,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {On the definition of economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {221-233},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.23.1.221},
Abstract = {This feature addresses the history of economic terms and
ideas. The hope is to deepen the workaday dialogue of
economists, while perhaps also casting new light on ongoing
questions. If you have suggestions for future topics or
authors, please contact Joseph Persky, Professor of
Economics, University of Illinois, Chicago, at
'jpersky@uic.edu'.},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.23.1.221},
Key = {fds345540}
}
@article{fds345541,
Author = {Backhouse, RE and Medema, SG},
Title = {Defining economics: The Long Road to Acceptance of the
Robbins Definition},
Journal = {Economica},
Volume = {76},
Number = {SUPPL.1},
Pages = {805-820},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0335.2009.00789.x},
Abstract = {Robbins' Essay gave economics a definition that came to
dominate the professional literature. This definition laid a
foundation that could be seen as justifying both the
narrowing of economic theory to the theory of constrained
maximization or rational choice and economists' ventures
into other social science fields. Though often presented as
self-evidently correct, both the definition itself and the
developments that it has been used to support were keenly
contested. This paper traces the reception, diffusion and
contesting of the Robbins definition, arguing that this
process took around three decades and that even then there
was still significant dissent. © The London School of
Economics and Political Science 2009.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0335.2009.00789.x},
Key = {fds345541}
}
@article{fds345543,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {"Losing my religion": Sidgwick, theism, and the struggle for
utilitarian ethics in economic analysis},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {40},
Number = {5},
Pages = {189-211},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2007-066},
Abstract = {Henry Sidgwick's loss of religious faith is central to
understanding the origins of the Cambridge school of welfare
economics. The most prominent "public" manifestation of this
loss and its impact on Sidgwick's thought was his Methods of
Ethics, which was at once the capstone work of classical
utilitarianism, cementing Sidgwick's place as one of the
great philosophers of ethics during the Victorian period,
and the source of his deep-seated need for the very religion
to which he himself could no longer subscribe. Sidgwick's
studies in political economy carried this ethical
perspective into the economic realm, though the major impact
came via his influence on A. C. Pigou, whose welfare
analysis was very much a restatement of the Sidgwickian
view, but undertaken with Marshallian analytical
underpinnings. This article discusses Sidgwick's crisis of
faith and his subsequent attempt to devise an ethical basis
for social life that was divorced from religious concerns
yet consistent with his own more general theistic stance. It
also shows how the results of this search affected
Sidgwick's work in economics and, ultimately, the Cambridge
welfare tradition.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2007-066},
Key = {fds345543}
}
@misc{fds345542,
Author = {Backhouse, RR and Bateman, BB and Medema, SS},
Title = {The reception of Marshall in the United States},
Pages = {59-80},
Booktitle = {The Impact of Alfred Marshall's Ideas: The Global Diffusion
of his Work},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781847205124},
Key = {fds345542}
}
@misc{fds345544,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The Economic Role of Government in the History of Economic
Thought},
Pages = {428-444},
Booktitle = {A Companion to the History of Economic Thought},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780631225737},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470999059.ch27},
Doi = {10.1002/9780470999059.ch27},
Key = {fds345544}
}
@article{fds345545,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The hesitant hand: Mill, Sidgwick, and the evolution of the
theory of market failure},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-358},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2007-014},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2007-014},
Key = {fds345545}
}
@article{fds345546,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Sidgwick's utilitarian analysis of law: A bridge from
Bentham to Becker?},
Journal = {American Law and Economics Review},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-47},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahm008},
Abstract = {Jeremy Bentham's utilitarian analysis of crime and
punishment is regularly characterized as an inspiration for
the economic analysis of law, whereas Henry Sidgwick has
been all but ignored in the discussions of the history of
law and economics. Sidgwick is well known as the godfather
of Cambridge welfare economics. Yet, as we will show, his
utilitarian analysis of issues in property, contract, tort,
and, criminal law reflects themes now associated with the
Chicago approach and advances on Bentham in multiple ways -
including through the use of marginal analysis - making him
a bridge on the road from Bentham to Becker. © The Author
2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the
American Law and Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.1093/aler/ahm008},
Key = {fds345546}
}
@book{fds345547,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Alfred Marshall Meets Law and Economics: Rationality, Norms,
and Theories as Tendency Statements},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {235-252},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780762313785},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1529-2134(06)09009-0},
Doi = {10.1016/S1529-2134(06)09009-0},
Key = {fds345547}
}
@article{fds345548,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {On "big five and little five" [4]},
Journal = {Society},
Volume = {43},
Number = {6},
Pages = {6},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02698476},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02698476},
Key = {fds345548}
}
@article{fds345551,
Author = {Samuels, WJ and Medema, SG},
Title = {Freeing Smith from the "Free market": On the misperception
of Adam Smith on the economic role of government},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-226},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-37-2-219},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-2-219},
Key = {fds345551}
}
@article{fds345552,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {"Marginalizing" government: From la scienza delle finanze to
Wicksell},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-25},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-37-1-1},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-1-1},
Key = {fds345552}
}
@article{fds345550,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Setting the table},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-37-suppl_1-1},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-suppl_1-1},
Key = {fds345550}
}
@misc{fds345549,
Author = {Mercuro, N and Medema, SG and Samuels, WJ},
Title = {Robert Lee Hale (1884-1969)-legal economist},
Pages = {531-544},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to Law and Economics: Second
Edition},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781845420321},
Key = {fds345549}
}
@article{fds345553,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Public Choice and Deviance: A Comment},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-54},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.2004.00273.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2004.00273.x},
Key = {fds345553}
}
@misc{fds345555,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The government-property relation: Confessions of a classical
liberal},
Pages = {145-151},
Booktitle = {The Fundamental Interrelationships between Government and
Property},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9780203484654},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203484654},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203484654},
Key = {fds345555}
}
@book{fds345554,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {J. DANIEL HAMMOND, NORMA JEANE MORTENSON, AND AMERICAN
INSTITUTIONALISM: A VIEW FROM THE TOP ROW},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {203-210},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780762310890},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-4154(03)22012-5},
Doi = {10.1016/S0743-4154(03)22012-5},
Key = {fds345554}
}
@article{fds345556,
Author = {Medema, SG and Samuels, WJ},
Title = {John R. Commons's "The definition of price"},
Journal = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {SUPPL: PART B},
Pages = {301-308},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds345556}
}
@article{fds345557,
Author = {Medema, SG and Zerbe, RO},
Title = {Educating Alice: Lessons from the Coase theorem},
Journal = {Research in Law and Economics},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {69-112},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds345557}
}
@article{fds345558,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {23. Pearson's origins of law and economics: The economists'
new science of law, 1830-1930 and Fried's the progressive
assault on laissez faire: Robert Hale and the first law and
economics movement},
Journal = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {SUPPL: PART A},
Pages = {353-364},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds345558}
}
@article{fds345559,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {"Related disciplines": The professionalization of public
choice analysis},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {322-323},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-32-suppl_1-289},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-32-suppl_1-289},
Key = {fds345559}
}
@article{fds345560,
Author = {Medema, SG and Samuels, WJ},
Title = {The economic role of government as, in part, a matter of
selective perception, sentiment and valuation: The cases of
Pigovian and Paretian welfare economics},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {87-108},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1536-7150.00015},
Abstract = {This essay identifies and explores the role of selective
perception, sentiment and valuation in the formation of
economic policy, with particular reference to the conduct of
policy-making under the aegis of Pigovian and Paretian
welfare economics. First, we identify certain background
conditions. Second, we present an argument with regard to
the economic role of government. Finally, we apply the
argument to Pigovian and Paretian welfare economic
reasoning, showing first the equivalence of Pigovian and
Paretian reasoning under particular assumptions and their
non-equivalence under more realistic conditions, and then
how the latter results give rise to selective perception,
sentiment and valuation in the formation of economic
policy.},
Doi = {10.1111/1536-7150.00015},
Key = {fds345560}
}
@article{fds345561,
Author = {Balisciano, ML and Medema, SG},
Title = {Positive science, normative man: Lionel Robbins and the
political economy of art},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {31},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {282-284},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-31-supplement-256},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-31-supplement-256},
Key = {fds345561}
}
@article{fds345562,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Symposium on the Coase Theorem: Legal Fiction: The Place of
the Coase Theorem in Law and Economics},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-233},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266267100003989},
Abstract = {Modern law and economics received much of its impetus from
Ronald Coase's analysis in ‘The Problem of Social Cost,’
and a goodly amount of that comes from the Coase theorem,
which states that, absent transaction costs, externalities
will be efficiently resolved through bargaining. The fact
that the analysis that came to be codified in the Coase
theorem was (intentionally) an exercise in pure fiction on
Coase's part did not deter the erection of a substantial
edifice of positive and normative analysis on this
foundation, nor, for that matter, has subsequent elaboration
of Coase's intent done anything to abate the interest in the
theorem and its implications. © 1999, Cambridge University
Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100003989},
Key = {fds345562}
}
@article{fds345565,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {The trial of Homo economicus: What law and economics tells
us about the development of economic imperialism},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {29},
Number = {SUPPL.},
Pages = {140-142},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds345565}
}
@article{fds345563,
Author = {Aslanbeigui, N and Medema, SG},
Title = {Beyond the Dark Clouds: Pigou and Coase on Social
Cost},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {600-625},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-30-4-601},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-30-4-601},
Key = {fds345563}
}
@article{fds345564,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Wandering the road from pluralism to posner: The
transformation of law and economics in the twentieth
century},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {30},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {223-224},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-30-supplement-202},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-30-supplement-202},
Key = {fds345564}
}
@article{fds345566,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Coase, costs, and coordination},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Issues},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {571-578},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1996.11505821},
Doi = {10.1080/00213624.1996.11505821},
Key = {fds345566}
}
@article{fds345567,
Author = {Formby, JP and Medema, SG and Smith, WJ},
Title = {Tax neutrality and social welfare in a comptutational
general equilibrium framework},
Journal = {Public Finance Review},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {419-447},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114219502300401},
Abstract = {This article investigates the effects of distributionally
neutral tax changes on equity and efficiency using
computational general equilibrium and stochastic dominance
techniques. The authors find, for a tax increase, that the
constant-tax-share definition is preferred both in terms of
efficiency and equity for a wide range of values of the
elasticity of labor supply. For a tax decrease, the
constant-after-tax-income definition dominates. For low
elasticities of labor supply, no general welfare conclusions
can be drawn, but under reasonable assumptions the
constant-tax-share definition would be approved by a
risk-averse median voter. © 1995, Sage Publications. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114219502300401},
Key = {fds345567}
}
@article{fds345568,
Author = {MEDEMA, SG},
Title = {Hanly on Coase: A Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Philosophy},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-111},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5930.1994.tb00095.x},
Abstract = {ABSTRACT Ken Hanly's recent article in this Journal (Vol. 9,
No. 1, 1992) takes issue with Ronald Coase's approach to
resolving problems of externalities, as set forth in his
classic paper ‘The Problem of Social Cost’. I argue that
Hanly's discussion of Coase misinterprets or inappropriately
rejects certain aspects of Coase's analysis, specifically,
with regard to the reciprocal nature of externalities and
the economic role of government. The resolution of
externality problems is presented as an issue of selective
normative choice as to whose interests are to count; neither
efficiency nor morality claims are uniquely dispositive of
the issue. Copyright © 1994, Wiley Blackwell. All rights
reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-5930.1994.tb00095.x},
Key = {fds345568}
}
@article{fds345569,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Is there life beyond efficiency? Elements of a social law
and economics},
Journal = {Review of Social Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {138-153},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00346769308616161},
Doi = {10.1080/00346769308616161},
Key = {fds345569}
}
@article{fds345570,
Author = {Ballard, CL and Medema, SG},
Title = {The marginal efficiency effects of taxes and subsidies in
the presence of externalities. A computational general
equilibrium approach},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {199-216},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(93)90020-T},
Abstract = {Using 1983 data, we develop a 19-sector computational
general equilibrium model, incorporating producer-producer
externalities and producer-consumer externalities.
Simulation results indicate that when additional government
expenditure is financed by Pigouvian taxes, the marginal
cost of public funds is substantially below one. Labor,
sales, and output taxes also affect the output of the
polluting industries, and thus have indirect Pigouvian
effects which tend to reduce the associated marginal costs
of public funds. Pigouvian taxes are usually more efficient
than Pigouvian subsidies, since the tax revenue can be used
to reduce other taxes. © 1993.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(93)90020-T},
Key = {fds345570}
}
@article{fds345571,
Author = {Medema, SG},
Title = {Transactions, transaction costs, and vertical integration: A
re-examination},
Journal = {Review of Political Economy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {291-316},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538259200000021},
Abstract = {The economic analysis of the transaction has its roots in
the work of John R. Commons, and has recently been brought
to the fore in the work of the ‘new institutionalists’,
and especially in the work of Oliver E. Williamson. This
article, drawing in part on the analysis of Commons, raises
some important questions about Williamson's analysis of the
role of transaction costs, and in doing so, attempts to
further improve the relation of the theory of the
transaction to the modem economy. The implications of the
differences in these two theories of the transaction are
brought to the fore in an analysis of Williamson's theory of
vertical integration. According to Williamson, vertical
integration is the outcome of the firm's transaction-cost
minimizing response to forces such as opportunism, bounded
rationality, and information impactedness. As this paper
demonstrates, however, when one considers the transaction
theory of Commons, as well as other factors, the scope of
Williamson's analysis is seen to be excessively narrow. The
result is a more comprehensive base from which to analyse
the transactional structure, and more specifically here,
vertical integration. © Edward Arnold 1992},
Doi = {10.1080/09538259200000021},
Key = {fds345571}
}
@article{fds345572,
Author = {Samuels, WJ and Medema, SG},
Title = {Gardiner C. Means's institutional and post-Keynesian
economics},
Journal = {Review of Political Economy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {163-191},
Year = {1989},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538258900000014},
Abstract = {In this tribute to the work of Gardiner Means, we shall
argue that his influence has been on a par with that of
Keynes on economists of an unorthodox persuasion. It is
argued that his pioneering work in studying the modern
corporation as an institution that needs to be fully
understood, renders him a first-rate institutionalist.
Intriguingly, it is also suggested that his interest in the
microeconomic foundations of macroeconomic performance are
suggestive of post-Keynesian concerns. © 1989, Taylor &
Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1080/09538258900000014},
Key = {fds345572}
}
%% Mohanan, Manoj
@article{fds376704,
Author = {Malani, A and Aiyar, J and Sant, A and Kamran, N and Mohanan, M and Taneja,
S and Woda, B and Zhao, W and Acharya, A},
Title = {Comparing population-level humoral and cellular immunity to
SARS-Cov-2 in Bangalore, India.},
Journal = {Scientific reports},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5758},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54922-z},
Abstract = {Two types of immunity, humoral and cellular, offer
protection against COVID. Humoral protection, contributed by
circulating neutralizing antibodies, can provide immediate
protection but decays more quickly than cellular immunity
and can lose effectiveness in the face of mutation and drift
in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Therefore, population-level
seroprevalence surveys used to estimate population-level
immunity may underestimate the degree to which a population
is protected against COVID. In early 2021, before India
began its vaccination campaign, we tested for humoral and
cellular immunity to SARS-Cov-2 in representative samples of
slum and non-slum populations in Bangalore, India. We found
that 29.7% of samples (unweighted) had IgG antibodies to the
spike protein and 15.5% had neutralizing antibodies, but at
up to 46% showed evidence of cellular immunity. We also find
that prevalence of cellular immunity is significantly higher
in slums than in non-slums. These findings suggest (1) that
a significantly larger proportion of the population in
Bangalore, India, had cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 than
had humoral immunity, as measured by serological surveys,
and (2) that low socio-economic status communities display
higher frequency of cellular immunity, likely because of
greater exposure to infection due to population
density.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-54922-z},
Key = {fds376704}
}
@article{fds376002,
Author = {Wagner, Z and Mohanan, M and Zutshi, R and Mukherji, A and Sood,
N},
Title = {What drives poor quality of care for child diarrhea?
Experimental evidence from India.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {383},
Number = {6683},
Pages = {eadj9986},
Publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS)},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adj9986},
Abstract = {Most health care providers in developing countries know that
oral rehydration salts (ORS) are a lifesaving and
inexpensive treatment for child diarrhea, yet few prescribe
it. This know-do gap has puzzled experts for decades. Using
randomized experiments in India, we estimated the extent to
which ORS underprescription is driven by perceptions that
patients do not want ORS, provider's financial incentives,
and ORS stock-outs (out-of-stock events). Patients
expressing a preference for ORS increased ORS prescribing by
27 percentage points. Eliminating stock-outs increased ORS
provision by 7 percentage points. Removing financial
incentives did not affect ORS prescribing on average but did
increase ORS prescribing at pharmacies. We estimate that
perceptions that patients do not want ORS explain 42% of
underprescribing, whereas stock-outs and financial
incentives explain only 6 and 5%, respectively.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.adj9986},
Key = {fds376002}
}
@article{fds353545,
Author = {Wagner, Z and Banerjee, S and Mohanan, M and Sood,
N},
Title = {Does the market reward quality? Evidence from
India.},
Journal = {International journal of health economics and
management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {467-505},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-022-09341-w},
Abstract = {There are two salient facts about health care in low and
middle-income countries; (1) the private sector plays an
important role and (2) the care provided is often of poor
quality. Despite these facts we know little about what
drives quality of care in the private sector and why
patients seek care from poor quality providers. We use two
field studies in India that provide insight into this issue.
First, we use a discrete choice experiment to show that
patients strongly value technical quality. Second, we use
standardized patients to show that better quality providers
are not able to charge higher prices. Instead providers are
able to charge higher prices for elements of quality that
the patient can observe, which are less important for health
outcomes. Future research should explore whether accessible
information on technical quality of local providers can
shift demand to higher quality providers and improve health
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10754-022-09341-w},
Key = {fds353545}
}
@article{fds365763,
Author = {Varela, G and Swanson, K and Pasquale, DK and Mohanan, M and Moody,
JW},
Title = {Visualizing COVID Restrictions: Activity Patterns Before,
During, and After COVID-19 Lockdowns in Uttar Pradesh,
India.},
Journal = {Socius},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {23780231221117962},
Year = {2022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23780231221117962},
Abstract = {Globally, restrictions implemented to limit the spread of
COVID-19 have highlighted deeply rooted social divisions,
raising concerns about differential impacts on members of
different groups. Inequalities among households of different
castes are ubiquitous in certain regions of India. Drawing
on a novel data set of 8,564 households in Uttar Pradesh,
the authors use radar plots to examine differences between
castes in rates of activity for several typical behaviors
before, during, and upon lifting strict lockdown
restrictions. The visualization reveals that members of all
castes experienced comparable reductions in activity rates
during lockdown and recovery rates following it.
Nonetheless, members of less privileged castes procure water
outside the household more often than their more privileged
peers, highlighting an avenue of improvement for future
public health efforts.},
Doi = {10.1177/23780231221117962},
Key = {fds365763}
}
@article{fds370980,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Malani, A and Krishnan, K and Acharya,
A},
Title = {Prevalence of COVID-19 in Rural Versus Urban Areas in a
Low-Income Country: Findings from a State-Wide Study in
Karnataka, India},
Journal = {University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for
Economics Working Paper},
Number = {2021},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds370980}
}
@article{fds356967,
Author = {Kuppalli, K and Gala, P and Cherabuddi, K and Kalantri, SP and Mohanan,
M and Mukherjee, B and Pinto, L and Prakash, M and Pramesh, CS and Rathi,
S and Pai, NP and Yamey, G and Pai, M},
Title = {India's COVID-19 crisis: a call for international
action.},
Journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
Volume = {397},
Number = {10290},
Pages = {2132-2135},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01121-1},
Doi = {10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01121-1},
Key = {fds356967}
}
@article{fds355317,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Malani, A and Krishnan, K and Acharya,
A},
Title = {Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Karnataka, India.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {325},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1001-1003},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.0332},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2021.0332},
Key = {fds355317}
}
@article{fds325398,
Author = {Maffioli, EM and Prudhomme O’Meara and W and Turner, EL and Mohanan,
M},
Title = {Can individuals’ beliefs help us understand nonadherence
to malaria test results? Evidence from rural
Kenya},
Journal = {Review of Development Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {163-182},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12708},
Abstract = {In malaria-endemic countries about a quarter of
test-negative individuals take antimalarials
(artemisinin-based combination therapies [ACTs]). ACT
overuse depletes scarce resources for subsidies and
contributes to parasite resistance. As part of an experiment
in Kenya that provided subsidies for rapid diagnostic test
and/or for ACTs conditionally on being positive, we studied
the association between beliefs on malaria status (prior and
posterior the intervention) and decisions to get tested and
to purchase ACTs. We find that prior beliefs do not explain
the decision of getting tested (conditional on the price)
and nonadherence to a negative test. However, test-negative
individuals who purchase ACTs report higher posterior
beliefs than those who do not, consistent with a framework
in which the formers revise beliefs upward, while the
latters do not change or revise downward. We also do not
find evidence that prior beliefs on ACT effectiveness and
trust in test results play any major role in explaining
testing or treatment behavior. Further research is needed to
improve adherence to malaria-negative test
results.},
Doi = {10.1111/rode.12708},
Key = {fds325398}
}
@article{fds353860,
Author = {Malani, A and Shah, D and Kang, G and Lobo, GN and Shastri, J and Mohanan,
M and Jain, R and Agrawal, S and Juneja, S and Imad, S and Kolthur-Seetharam, U},
Title = {Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in slums versus non-slums in
Mumbai, India.},
Journal = {The Lancet. Global health},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e110-e111},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30467-8},
Doi = {10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30467-8},
Key = {fds353860}
}
@article{fds327226,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Donato, K and Miller, G and Truskinovsky, Y and Vera-HernÁndez, M},
Title = {Different Strokes for Different Folks? Experimental Evidence
on the Effectiveness of Input and Output Incentive Contracts
for Health Care Providers with Varying Skills†},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {34-69},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20190220},
Abstract = {A central issue in designing incentive contracts is the
decision to reward agents' input use versus outputs. The t
rade-off between risk and return to innovation in production
can also lead agents with varying skill levels to perform
differentially under different contracts. We study this
issue experimentally, observing and verifying inputs and
outputs in Indian maternity care. We find that both contract
types achieve comparable reductions in postpartum hemorrhage
rates, but payments for outputs were four times that of
inputs. Providers with varying qualifications performed
equivalently under input incentives, while providers with
advanced qualifications may have performed better under
output contracts. (JEL D82, D86, I12, J13, J16, J41,
O15)},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20190220},
Key = {fds327226}
}
@article{fds353544,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Rajan, VS and Swanson, K and Thirumurthy,
H},
Title = {Information and Facilitation Interventions for
Accountability in Health and Nutrition: Evidence from a
Randomized Trial in India},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {295},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds353544}
}
@article{fds349702,
Author = {Maffioli, EM and Mohanan, M and Saran, I and O'Meara,
WP},
Title = {Does improving appropriate use of malaria medicines change
population beliefs in testing and treatment? Evidence from a
randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Health Policy Plan},
Volume = {35},
Number = {5},
Pages = {556-566},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaa010},
Abstract = {A major puzzle in malaria treatment remains the dual problem
of underuse and overuse of malaria medications, which
deplete scarce public resources used for subsidies and lead
to drug resistance. One explanation is that health
behaviour, especially in the context of incomplete
information, could be driven by beliefs, pivotal to the
success of health interventions. The objective of this study
is to investigate how population beliefs change in response
to an experimental intervention which was shown to improve
access to rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) through community
health workers (CHWs) and to increase appropriate use of
anti-malaria medications. By collecting data on individuals'
beliefs on malaria testing and treatment 12 and 18 months
after the experimental intervention started, we find that
the intervention increases the belief that a negative test
result is correct, and the belief that the first-line
anti-malaria drugs (artemisinin-based combination therapies
or ACTs) are effective. Using mediation analysis, we also
explore some possible mechanisms through which the changes
happen. We find that the experience and knowledge about RDT
and experience with CHWs explain 62.4% of the relationship
between the intervention and the belief that a negative test
result is correct. Similarly, the targeted use of ACTs and
taking the correct dose-in addition to experience with
RDT-explain 96.8% of the relationship between the
intervention and the belief that the ACT taken is effective.
As beliefs are important determinants of economic behaviour
and might guide individuals' future decisions, understanding
how they change after a health intervention has important
implications for long-term changes in population
behaviour.},
Doi = {10.1093/heapol/czaa010},
Key = {fds349702}
}
@article{fds353546,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Donato, K and Miller, G and Vera-Hernandez, M and Truskinovsky, Y},
Title = {Different Strokes for Different Folks: Experimental Evidence
on the Effectiveness of Input and Output Incentive Contracts
for Health Care Providers with Varying Skills},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds353546}
}
@article{fds339217,
Author = {Kruk, ME and Gage, AD and Arsenault, C and Jordan, K and Leslie, HH and Roder-DeWan, S and Adeyi, O and Barker, P and Daelmans, B and Doubova,
SV and English, M and García-Elorrio, E and Guanais, F and Gureje, O and Hirschhorn, LR and Jiang, L and Kelley, E and Lemango, ET and Liljestrand, J and Malata, A and Marchant, T and Matsoso, MP and Meara,
JG and Mohanan, M and Ndiaye, Y and Norheim, OF and Reddy, KS and Rowe, AK and Salomon, JA and Thapa, G and Twum-Danso, NAY and Pate,
M},
Title = {High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development
Goals era: time for a revolution.},
Journal = {The Lancet. Global health},
Volume = {6},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e1196-e1252},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30386-3},
Doi = {10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30386-3},
Key = {fds339217}
}
@article{fds337123,
Author = {Prudhomme O'Meara and W and Menya, D and Laktabai, J and Platt, A and Saran, I and Maffioli, E and Kipkoech, J and Mohanan, M and Turner,
EL},
Title = {Improving rational use of ACTs through diagnosis-dependent
subsidies: Evidence from a cluster-randomized controlled
trial in western Kenya.},
Journal = {PLoS Med},
Volume = {15},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e1002607},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002607},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: More than half of artemisinin combination
therapies (ACTs) consumed globally are dispensed in the
retail sector, where diagnostic testing is uncommon, leading
to overconsumption and poor targeting. In many
malaria-endemic countries, ACTs sold over the counter are
available at heavily subsidized prices, further contributing
to their misuse. Inappropriate use of ACTs can have serious
implications for the spread of drug resistance and leads to
poor outcomes for nonmalaria patients treated with incorrect
drugs. We evaluated the public health impact of an
innovative strategy that targets ACT subsidies to confirmed
malaria cases by coupling free diagnostic testing with a
diagnosis-dependent ACT subsidy. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We
conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in 32
community clusters in western Kenya (population
approximately 160,000). Eligible clusters had retail outlets
selling ACTs and existing community health worker (CHW)
programs and were randomly assigned 1:1 to control and
intervention arms. In intervention areas, CHWs were
available in their villages to perform malaria rapid
diagnostic tests (RDTs) on demand for any individual >1 year
of age experiencing a malaria-like illness. Malaria
RDT-positive individuals received a voucher for a discount
on a quality-assured ACT, redeemable at a participating
retail medicine outlet. In control areas, CHWs offered a
standard package of health education, prevention, and
referral services. We conducted 4 population-based
surveys-at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months-of a
random sample of households with fever in the last 4 weeks
to evaluate predefined, individual-level outcomes. The
primary outcome was uptake of malaria diagnostic testing at
12 months. The main secondary outcome was rational ACT use,
defined as the proportion of ACTs used by test-positive
individuals. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat
principle using generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to
account for clustering with prespecified adjustment for
gender, age, education, and wealth. All descriptive
statistics and regressions were weighted to account for
sampling design. Between July 2015 and May 2017, 32,404
participants were tested for malaria, and 10,870 vouchers
were issued. A total of 7,416 randomly selected participants
with recent fever from all 32 clusters were surveyed. The
majority of recent fevers were in children under 18 years
(62.9%, n = 4,653). The gender of enrolled participants was
balanced in children (49.8%, n = 2,318 boys versus 50.2%, n
= 2,335 girls), but more adult women were enrolled than men
(78.0%, n = 2,139 versus 22.0%, n = 604). At baseline, 67.6%
(n = 1,362) of participants took an ACT for their illness,
and 40.3% (n = 810) of all participants took an ACT
purchased from a retail outlet. At 12 months, 50.5% (n =
454) in the intervention arm and 43.4% (n = 389) in the
control arm had a malaria diagnostic test for their recent
fever (adjusted risk difference [RD] = 9 percentage points
[pp]; 95% CI 2-15 pp; p = 0.015; adjusted risk ratio [RR] =
1.20; 95% CI 1.05-1.38; p = 0.015). By 18 months, the ARR
had increased to 1.25 (95% CI 1.09-1.44; p = 0.005).
Rational use of ACTs in the intervention area increased from
41.7% (n = 279) at baseline to 59.6% (n = 403) and was 40%
higher in the intervention arm at 18 months (ARR 1.40; 95%
CI 1.19-1.64; p < 0.001). While intervention effects
increased between 12 and 18 months, we were not able to
estimate longer-term impact of the intervention and could
not independently evaluate the effects of the free testing
and the voucher on uptake of testing. CONCLUSIONS:
Diagnosis-dependent ACT subsidies and community-based
interventions that include the private sector can have an
important impact on diagnostic testing and population-wide
rational use of ACTs. Targeting of the ACT subsidy itself to
those with a positive malaria diagnostic test may also
improve sustainability and reduce the cost of retail-sector
ACT subsidies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02461628.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002607},
Key = {fds337123}
}
@article{fds339802,
Author = {Maffioli, EM and Mohanan, M},
Title = {Touching beliefs: Using touchscreen technology to elicit
subjective expectations in survey research.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {13},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e0207484},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207484},
Abstract = {When making decisions under uncertainty, individuals may
form subjective expectations about probabilities of events
relevant for their choice. Accurate measurement of
subjective expectations is critical for high-quality data
needed to analyze individual behavior. This paper reports
the development and validity of a new method of eliciting
point subjective expectations in developing countries. We
developed a touchscreen-based application that combines an
animated slider along with dynamic images that change
relative sizes based on the probability indicated by the
respondent. We compare our method to the more traditional
approach of using beans as visual aids. First, we find that
respondents have a sound understanding of basic concepts of
probability. Second, we test for equality of the
distributions elicited with the different methods and find
them highly comparable. Third, we provide evidence that
respondents report a more favorable opinion about the slider
method and more willingness to complete long surveys using
the slider rather than beans. Our findings suggest that the
slider could be a viable elicitation method for empirical
researchers who aim to collect data on subjective
expectations in developing countries.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0207484},
Key = {fds339802}
}
@article{fds333737,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Miller, G and Donato, K and Truskinovsky, Y and Vera-Hernandez, M},
Title = {Different Strokes for Different Folks: Experimental Evidence
on the Effectiveness of Input and Output Incentive Contracts
for Health Care Providers with Different Levels of
Skills},
Journal = {Center for Global Development Working Paper},
Number = {464},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds333737}
}
@article{fds317807,
Author = {Sherry, TB and Bauhoff, S and Mohanan, M},
Title = {Multitasking and Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in
Pay-for-Performance in Health Care: Evidence from
Rwanda},
Journal = {American Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {192-226},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ajhe_a_00072},
Abstract = {Performance-based contracting is particularly challenging in
health care, where multiple agents, information asymmetries
and other market failures compound the critical contracting
concern of multitasking. As performance-based contracting
grows in developing countries, it is critical to better
understand not only intended program impacts on rewarded
outcomes, but also unintended program impacts such as
multitasking and heterogeneous program effects in order to
guide program design and scale-up. We use two waves of data
from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys collected
before and after the quasi-randomized roll-out of Rwanda’s
national pay-for-performance (P4P) program to analyze
impacts on utilization of healthcare services, health
outcomes and unintended consequences of P4P. We find that
P4P improved some rewarded services, as well as some
services that were not directly rewarded, but had no
statistically significant impact on health outcomes. We do
not find evidence that clearly suggests multitasking. We
find that program effects vary by baseline levels of
facility quality, with most improvements seen in the medium
quality tier.},
Doi = {10.1162/ajhe_a_00072},
Key = {fds317807}
}
@article{fds326969,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Giardili, S and Das, V and Rabin, T and Raj, S and Schwartz,
J and Seth, A and Goldhaber-Fiebert, J and Miller, G and Vera-Hernández, M},
Title = {Evaluation of a social franchising and telemedicine
programme and the care provided for childhood diarrhoea and
pneumonia, Bihar, India},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {95},
Number = {5},
Pages = {343-352},
Publisher = {World Health Organization},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.16.179556},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the impact on the quality of
the care provided for childhood diarrhoea and pneumonia in
Bihar, India, of a large-scale, social franchising and
telemedicine programme - the World Health Partners' Sky
Program.<h4>Methods</h4>We investigated changes associated
with the programme in the knowledge and performance of
health-care providers by carrying out 810 assessments in a
representative sample of providers in areas where the
programme was and was not implemented. Providers were
assessed using hypothetical patient vignettes and the
standardized patient method both before and after programme
implementation, in 2011 and 2014, respectively. Differences
in providers' performance between implementation and
nonimplementation areas were assessed using multivariate
difference-in-difference linear regression
models.<h4>Findings</h4>The programme did not significantly
improve health-care providers' knowledge or performance with
regard to childhood diarrhoea or pneumonia in Bihar. There
was a persistent large gap between knowledge of appropriate
care and the care actually delivered.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Social
franchising has received attention globally as a model for
delivering high-quality care in rural areas in the
developing world but supporting data are scarce. Our
findings emphasize the need for sound empirical evidence
before social franchising programmes are scaled
up.},
Doi = {10.2471/blt.16.179556},
Key = {fds326969}
}
@article{fds326473,
Author = {Donato, K and Miller, G and Mohanan, M and Truskinovsky, Y and Vera-Hernández, M},
Title = {Personality Traits and Performance Contracts: Evidence from
a Field Experiment among Maternity Care Providers in
India},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Pages = {506-510},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171105},
Abstract = {<jats:p> We study how agents respond to performance
incentives according to key personality traits
(conscientiousness and neuroticism) through a field
experiment offering financial incentives for improving
maternal and neonatal health outcomes to rural Indian
doctors. More conscientious providers performed better--but
improved less--under performance incentives. The effect of
the performance incentives was also smaller for providers
with higher levels of neuroticism. Our results contribute to
a growing body of empirical research on heterogeneous
responses to incentives and have implications for worker
selection. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20171105},
Key = {fds326473}
}
@article{fds325397,
Author = {Laktabai, J and Lesser, A and Platt, A and Maffioli, E and Mohanan, M and Menya, D and Prudhomme O'Meara and W and Turner, EL},
Title = {Innovative public-private partnership to target subsidised
antimalarials: a study protocol for a cluster randomised
controlled trial to evaluate a community intervention in
Western Kenya.},
Journal = {BMJ Open},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e013972},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013972},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: There are concerns of inappropriate use of
subsidised antimalarials due to the large number of fevers
treated in the informal sector with minimal access to
diagnostic testing. Targeting antimalarial subsidies to
confirmed malaria cases can lead to appropriate, effective
therapy. There is evidence that community health volunteers
(CHVs) can be trained to safely and correctly use rapid
diagnostic tests (RDTs). This study seeks to evaluate the
public health impact of targeted antimalarial subsidies
delivered through a partnership between CHVs and the private
retail sector. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We are conducting a
stratified cluster-randomised controlled trial in Western
Kenya where 32 community units were randomly assigned to the
intervention or control (usual care) arm. In the
intervention arm, CHVs offer free RDT testing to febrile
individuals and, conditional on a positive test result, a
voucher to purchase a WHO-qualified artemisinin combination
therapy (ACT) at a reduced fixed price in the retail
sector.Study outcomes in individuals with a febrile illness
in the previous 4 weeks will be ascertained through
population-based cross-sectional household surveys at four
time points: baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months postbaseline.
The primary outcome is the proportion of fevers that
receives a malaria test from any source (CHV or health
facility). The main secondary outcome is the proportion of
ACTs used by people with a malaria-positive test. Other
secondary outcomes include: the proportion of ACTs used by
people without a test and adherence to test results. ETHICS
AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol has been approved by the
National Institutes of Health, the Moi University School of
Medicine Institutional Research and Ethics Committee and the
Duke University Medical Center Institutional Review Board.
Findings will be reported on clinicalstrials.gov, in
peer-reviewed publications and through stakeholder meetings
including those with the Kenyan Ministry of Health. TRIAL
REGISTRATION NUMBER: Pre-results, NCT02461628.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013972},
Key = {fds325397}
}
@article{fds343314,
Author = {Puri, L and Das, J and Pai, M and Agrawal, P and Fitzgerald, JE and Kelley,
E and Kesler, S and Mate, K and Mohanan, M and Okrainec, A and Aggarwal,
R},
Title = {Enhancing quality of medical care in low income and middle
income countries through simulation-based initiatives:
Recommendations of the Simnovate Global Health Domain
Group},
Journal = {BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {S15-S22},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2016-000180},
Abstract = {Background Quality of medical care in low income and middle
income countries (LMICs) is variable, resulting in
significant medical errors and adverse patient outcomes.
Integration of simulation-based training and assessment may
be considered to enhance quality of patient care in LMICs.
The aim of this study was to consider the role of simulation
in LMICs, to directly impact health professions education,
measurement and assessment. Methods The Simnovate Global
Health Domain Group undertook three teleconferences and a
direct face-to-face meeting. A scoping review of published
studies using simulation in LMICs was performed and, in
addition, a detailed survey was sent to the World Directory
of Medical Schools and selected known simulation centres in
LMICs. Results Studies in LMICs employed low-tech manikins,
standardised patients and procedural simulation methods.
Low-technology manikins were the majority simulation method
used in medical education (42%), and focused on knowledge
and skills outcomes. Compared to HICs, the majority of
studies evaluated baseline adherence to guidelines rather
than focusing on improving medical knowledge through
educational intervention. There were 46 respondents from the
survey, representing 21 countries and 28 simulation centres.
Within the 28 simulation centres, teachers and trainees were
from across all healthcare professions. Discussion Broad use
of simulation is low in LMICs, and the full potential of
simulation-based interventions for improved quality of care
has yet to be realised. The use of simulation in LMICs could
be a potentially untapped area that, if increased and/or
improved, could positively impact patient safety and the
quality of care.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjstel-2016-000180},
Key = {fds343314}
}
@article{fds370981,
Author = {O'Meara, WP and Laktabai, J and Mohanan, M and Platt, A and Maffioli, E and Kirui, J and Abel, L and Meier, P and Turner, E and Menya,
D},
Title = {A CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIAL TO TARGET SUBSIDIZED ARTEMISININ
COMBINATION THERAPY (ACT) IN THE RETAIL SECTOR USING A
COMMUNITY-BASED TESTING AND VOUCHER SCHEME},
Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND
HYGIENE},
Volume = {97},
Number = {5},
Pages = {333-334},
Publisher = {AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds370981}
}
@article{fds320390,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Babiarz, KS and Goldhaber-Fiebert, JD and Miller, G and Vera-Hernández, M},
Title = {Effect Of A Large-Scale Social Franchising And Telemedicine
Program On Childhood Diarrhea And Pneumonia Outcomes In
India.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1800-1809},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0481},
Abstract = {Despite the rapid growth of social franchising, there is
little evidence on its population impact in the health
sector. Similar in many ways to private-sector commercial
franchising, social franchising can be found in sectors with
a social objective, such as health care. This article
evaluates the World Health Partners (WHP) Sky program, a
large-scale social franchising and telemedicine program in
Bihar, India. We studied appropriate treatment for childhood
diarrhea and pneumonia and associated health care outcomes.
We used multivariate difference-in-differences models to
analyze data on 67,950 children ages five and under in 2011
and 2014. We found that the WHP-Sky program did not improve
rates of appropriate treatment or disease prevalence. Both
provider participation and service use among target
populations were low. Our results do not imply that social
franchising cannot succeed; instead, they underscore the
importance of understanding factors that explain variation
in the performance of social franchises. Our findings also
highlight, for donors and governments in particular, the
importance of conducting rigorous impact evaluations of new
and potentially innovative health care delivery programs
before investing in scaling them up.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0481},
Key = {fds320390}
}
@article{fds320391,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Hay, K and Mor, N},
Title = {Quality Of Health Care In India: Challenges, Priorities, And
The Road Ahead.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1753-1758},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0676},
Abstract = {India's health care sector provides a wide range of quality
of care, from globally acclaimed hospitals to facilities
that deliver care of unacceptably low quality. Efforts to
improve the quality of care are particularly challenged by
the lack of reliable data on quality and by technical
difficulties in measuring quality. Ongoing efforts in the
public and private sectors aim to improve the quality of
data, develop better measures and understanding of the
quality of care, and develop innovative solutions to
long-standing challenges. We summarize priorities and the
challenges faced by efforts to improve the quality of care.
We also highlight lessons learned from recent efforts to
measure and improve that quality, based on the articles on
quality of care in India that are published in this issue of
Health Affairs The rapidly changing profile of diseases in
India and rising chronic disease burden make it urgent for
state and central governments to collaborate with
researchers and agencies that implement programs to improve
health care to further the quality agenda.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0676},
Key = {fds320391}
}
@article{fds327227,
Author = {Sherry, TB and Bauhoff, S and Mohanan, M},
Title = {Multitasking and Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in
Pay-for-Performance in Health Care: Evidence from
Rwanda},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {136},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds327227}
}
@article{fds342541,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Goldhaber-Fiebert, JD and Giardili, S and Vera-Hernández, M},
Title = {Providers' knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of
tuberculosis using vignettes: Evidence from rural Bihar,
India},
Journal = {BMJ Global Health},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000155},
Abstract = {Background: Almost 25% of all new cases of tuberculosis (TB)
worldwide are in India, where drug resistance and low
quality of care remain key challenges. Methods: We conducted
an observational, cross-sectional study of healthcare
providers' knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of TB in
rural Bihar, India, from June to September 2012. Using data
from vignette-based interviews with 395 most commonly
visited healthcare providers in study areas, we scored
providers' knowledge and used multivariable regression
models to examine their relationship to providers'
characteristics. Findings: 80% of 395 providers had no
formal medical qualifications. Overall, providers
demonstrated low levels of knowledge: 64.9% (95% CI 59.8% to
69.8%) diagnosed correctly, and 21.7% (CI 16.8% to 27.1%)
recommended correct treatment. Providers seldom asked
diagnostic questions such as fever (31.4%, CI 26.8% to
36.2%) and bloody sputum (11.1%, CI 8.2% to 14.7%), or
results from sputum microscopy (20.0%, CI: 16.2% to 24.3%).
After controlling for whether providers treat TB, MBBS
providers were not significantly different, from unqualified
providers or those with alternative medical qualifications,
on knowledge score or offering correct treatment. MBBS
providers were, however, more likely to recommend referrals
relative to complementary medicine and unqualified providers
(23.2 and 37.7 percentage points, respectively).
Interpretation: Healthcare providers in rural areas in
Bihar, India, have low levels of knowledge regarding TB
diagnosis and treatment. Our findings highlight the need for
policies to improve training, incentives, task shifting and
regulation to improve knowledge and performance of existing
providers. Further, more research is needed on the
incentives providers face and the role of information on
quality to help patients select providers who offer higher
quality care.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000155},
Key = {fds342541}
}
@article{fds320421,
Author = {Prudhomme O'Meara and W and Mohanan, M and Laktabai, J and Lesser, A and Platt, A and Maffioli, E and Turner, EL and Menya,
D},
Title = {Assessing the independent and combined effects of subsidies
for antimalarials and rapid diagnostic testing on fever
management decisions in the retail sector: results from a
factorial randomised trial in western Kenya.},
Journal = {BMJ Glob Health},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e000101},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000101},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: There is an urgent need to understand how to
improve targeting of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT)
to patients with confirmed malaria infection, including
subsidised ACTs sold over-the-counter. We hypothesised that
offering an antimalarial subsidy conditional on a positive
malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) would increase uptake of
testing and improve rational use of ACTs. METHODS: We
designed a 2×2 factorial randomised experiment evaluating 2
levels of subsidy for RDTs and ACTs. Between July 2014 and
June 2015, 444 individuals with a malaria-like illness who
had not sought treatment were recruited from their homes. We
used scratch cards to allocate participants into 4 groups in
a ratio of 1:1:1:1. Participants were eligible for an
unsubsidised or fully subsidised RDT and 1 of 2 levels of
ACT subsidy (current retail price or an additional subsidy
conditional on a positive RDT). Treatment decisions were
documented 1 week later. Our primary outcome was uptake of
malaria testing. Secondary outcomes evaluated ACT
consumption among those with a negative test, a positive
test or no test. RESULTS: Offering a free RDT increased the
probability of testing by 18.6 percentage points (adjusted
probability difference (APD), 95% CI 5.9 to 31.3). An offer
of a conditional ACT subsidy did not have an additional
effect on the probability of malaria testing when the RDT
was free (APD=2.7; 95% CI -8.6 to 14.1). However, receiving
the conditional ACT subsidy increased the probability of
taking an ACT following a positive RDT by 19.5 percentage
points (APD, 95% CI 2.2 to 36.8). Overall, the proportion
who took ACT following a negative test was lower than those
who took ACT without being tested, indicated improved
targeting among those who were tested. CONCLUSIONS: Both
subsidies improved appropriate fever management,
demonstrating the impact of these costs on decision making.
However, the conditional ACT subsidy did not increase
testing. We conclude that each of the subsidies primarily
impacts the most immediate decision. TRIAL REGISTRATION
NUMBER: NCT02199977.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000101},
Key = {fds320421}
}
@article{fds370982,
Author = {O'Meara, WP and Laktabai, J and Mohanan, M and Turner, E and Maffioli,
E and Platt, A and Lesser, A and Menya, D},
Title = {TARGETING ANTIMALARIAL SUBSIDIES TO CONFIRMED CASES IN THE
RETAIL SECTOR - TESTING A DIAGNOSIS-DEPENDENT VOUCHER SCHEME
IN WESTERN KENYA},
Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND
HYGIENE},
Volume = {93},
Number = {4},
Pages = {361-361},
Publisher = {AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds370982}
}
@article{fds267032,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Vera-Hernández, M and Das, V and Giardili, S and Goldhaber-Fiebert, JD and Rabin, TL and Raj, SS and Schwartz, JI and Seth, A},
Title = {The know-do gap in quality of health care for childhood
diarrhea and pneumonia in rural India.},
Journal = {JAMA pediatrics},
Volume = {169},
Number = {4},
Pages = {349-357},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {2168-6203},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3445},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>In rural India, as in many developing
countries, childhood mortality remains high and the quality
of health care available is low. Improving care in such
settings, where most health care practitioners do not have
formal training, requires an assessment of the
practitioners' knowledge of appropriate care and the actual
care delivered (the know-do gap).<h4>Objective</h4>To assess
the knowledge of local health care practitioners and the
quality of care provided by them for childhood diarrhea and
pneumonia in rural Bihar, India.<h4>Design, setting, and
participants</h4>We conducted an observational,
cross-sectional study of the knowledge and practice of 340
health care practitioners concerning the diagnosis and
treatment of childhood diarrhea and pneumonia in Bihar,
India, from June 29 through September 8, 2012. We used data
from vignette interviews and unannounced standardized
patients (SPs).<h4>Main outcomes and measures</h4>For SPs
and vignettes, practitioner performance was measured using
the numbers of key diagnostic questions asked and
examinations conducted. The know-do gap was calculated by
comparing fractions of practitioners asking key diagnostic
questions on each method. Multivariable regressions examined
the relation among diagnostic performance, prescription of
potentially harmful treatments, and the practitioners'
characteristics. We also examined correct treatment
recommended by practitioners with both methods.<h4>Results</h4>Practitioners
asked a mean of 2.9 diagnostic questions and suggested a
mean of 0.3 examinations in the diarrhea vignette; mean
numbers were 1.4 and 0.8, respectively, for the pneumonia
vignette. Although oral rehydration salts, the correct
treatment for diarrhea, are commonly available, only 3.5% of
practitioners offered them in the diarrhea vignette. With
SPs, no practitioner offered the correct treatment for
diarrhea, and 13.0% of practitioners offered the correct
treatment for pneumonia. Diarrhea treatment has a large
know-do gap; practitioners asked diagnostic questions more
frequently in vignettes than for SPs. Although only 20.9% of
practitioners prescribed treatments that were potentially
harmful in the diarrhea vignettes, 71.9% offered them to SPs
(P < .001). Unqualified practitioners were more likely
to prescribe potentially harmful treatments for diarrhea
(adjusted odds ratio, 5.11 [95% CI, 1.24-21.13]). Higher
knowledge scores were associated with better performance for
treating diarrhea but not pneumonia.<h4>Conclusions and
relevance</h4>Practitioners performed poorly with vignettes
and SPs, with large know-do gaps, especially for childhood
diarrhea. Efforts to improve health care for major causes of
childhood mortality should emphasize strategies that
encourage pediatric health care practitioners to diagnose
and manage these conditions correctly through better
monitoring and incentives in addition to practitioner
training initiatives.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3445},
Key = {fds267032}
}
@article{fds267033,
Author = {M. Mohanan and Mohanan, M and Bauhoff, S and La Forgia and G and Babiarz, KS and Singh, K and Miller, G},
Title = {Effect of Chiranjeevi Yojana on institutional deliveries and
neonatal and maternal outcomes in Gujarat, India: A
difference-in-differences analysis | Effets du programme
Chiranjeevi Yojana sur les accouchements en institutions et
les résultats néonatals et maternels au Gujarat, en Inde:
Une analyse de l'écart des différences},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {92},
Number = {3},
Pages = {187-194},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0042-9686},
url = {http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/92/3/13-124644/en/},
Abstract = {Objective To evaluate the effect of the Chiranjeevi Yojana
programme, a public–private partnership to improve
maternal and neonatal health in Gujarat, India. Methods A
household survey (N = 5597 households) was conducted in
Gujarat to collect retrospective data on births within the
preceding 5 years. In an observational study using a
difference-in-differences design, the relationship between
the Chiranjeevi Yojana programme and the probability of
delivery in health-care institutions, the probability of
obstetric complications and mean household expenditure for
deliveries was subsequently examined. In multivariate
regressions, individual and household characteristics as
well as district and year fixed effects were controlled for.
Data from the most recent District Level Household and
Facility Survey (DLHS-3) wave conducted in Gujarat (N = 6484
households) were used in parallel analyses. Findings Between
2005 and 2010, the Chiranjeevi Yojana programme was not
associated with a statistically significant change in the
probability of institutional delivery (2.42 percentage
points; 95% confidence interval, CI: −5.90 to 10.74) or of
birth-related complications (6.16 percentage points; 95% CI:
−2.63 to 14.95). Estimates using DLHS-3 data were similar.
Analyses of household expenditures indicated that mean
household expenditure for private-sector deliveries had
either not fallen or had fallen very little under the
Chiranjeevi Yojana programme. Conclusion The Chiranjeevi
Yojana programme appears to have had no significant impact
on institutional delivery rates or maternal health outcomes.
The absence of estimated reductions in household spending
for private-sector deliveries deserves further
study.},
Doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.124644},
Key = {fds267033}
}
@article{fds220930,
Author = {M. Mohanan and Sebastian Bauhoff and Gerard La Forgia and Kimberly Singer
Babiarz and Kultar Singh and Grant Miller},
Title = {Impact of the Chiranjeevi Yojana Program on Institutional
Deliveries and Birth Outcomes in Gujarat, India: A
Difference-in-Difference Analysis},
Journal = {Bulletin of World Health Organization},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/13-124644.pdf},
Abstract = {Objective To evaluate the effect of the Chiranjeevi Yojana
programme, a public–private partnership to improve
maternal and neonatal health in Gujarat, India. Methods A
household survey (N = 5597 households) was conducted in
Gujarat to collect retrospective data on births within the
preceding 5 years. In an observational study using a
difference-in-differences design, the relationship between
the Chiranjeevi Yojana programme and the probability of
delivery in health-care institutions, the probability of
obstetric complications and mean household expenditure for
deliveries was subsequently examined. In multivariate
regressions, individual and household characteristics as
well as district and year fixed effects were controlled for.
Data from the most recent District Level Household and
Facility Survey (DLHS-3) wave conducted in Gujarat (N = 6484
households) were used in parallel analyses. Findings Between
2005 and 2010, the Chiranjeevi Yojana programme was not
associated with a statistically significant change in the
probability of institutional delivery (2.42 percentage
points; 95% confidence interval, CI: −5.90 to 10.74) or of
birth-related complications (6.16 percentage points; 95% CI:
−2.63 to 14.95). Estimates using DLHS-3 data were similar.
Analyses of household expenditures indicated that mean
household expenditure for private-sector deliveries had
either not fallen or had fallen very little under the
Chiranjeevi Yojana programme. Conclusion The Chiranjeevi
Yojana programme appears to have had no significant impact
on institutional delivery rates or maternal health outcomes.
The absence of estimated reductions in household spending
for private-sector deliveries deserves further
study.},
Key = {fds220930}
}
@article{fds267037,
Author = {Mohanan, M},
Title = {Causal Effects of Health Shocks on Consumption and Debt:
Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Bus Accident
Injuries},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {673-681},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00262},
Abstract = {Endogeneity between health and wealth presents a challenge
for estimating causal effects of health shocks. Using a
quasi-experimental design, comprising exogenous shocks
sustained as bus accident injuries in India, with controls
drawn from travelers on the same bus routes one year later,
I present new evidence of causal effects on consumption and
debt. Using primary household survey data, I find that
households faced with shock-related expenditures are able to
smooth consumption on food, housing, and festivals, with
small reductions in educational spending. Debt was the
principal mitigating mechanism households used, leading to
significantly larger levels of indebtedness.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00262},
Key = {fds267037}
}
@article{fds317808,
Author = {Mohanan, M},
Title = {Causal Effects of Health Shocks on Consumption and Debt:
Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Bus Accident
Injuries},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {673-681},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/REST_a_00262},
Abstract = {Endogeneity between health and wealth presents a challenge
for estimating causal effects of health shocks. Using a
quasi-experimental design, comprising exogenous shocks
sustained as bus accident injuries in India, with controls
drawn from travelers on the same bus routes one year later,
I present new evidence of causal effects on consumption and
debt. Using primary household survey data, I find that
households faced with shock-related expenditures are able to
smooth consumption on food, housing, and festivals, with
small reductions in educational spending. Debt was the
principal mitigating mechanism households used, leading to
significantly larger levels of indebtedness. © 2013 The
President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Key = {fds317808}
}
@article{fds220938,
Author = {Manoj Mohanan and Marcos Vera-Hernández and Veena Das and Soledad
Giardili, Jeremy Goldhaber-Fiebert and Tracy Rabin and Sunil Raj and Jeremy Schwartz and Aparna Seth},
Title = {Do No Harm: The Know-Do Gap and Quality of Care for
Childhood Diarrhoea and Pneumonia in Bihar,
India},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds220938}
}
@article{fds210381,
Author = {M. Mohanan and Tisamarie Sherry and Sebastian Bauhoff},
Title = {Paying for Performance when Healthcare Production is
Multi-dimensional: The Impact of Rwanda's National Program
on Rewarded Services, Heterogeneity, and
Multi-tasking},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working Paper
No. 136},
Volume = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2170393},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {Performance-based contracting based on inputs is
particularly challenging in complex settings such as health
care, where issues such as joint production, multiple agents
in production, and market failures compound the critical
contracting concern of multitasking. We analyze the impacts
of Rwanda’s national pay-for-performance (P4P) program,
where health care facilities were offered performance
bonuses based on process measures of health care quality.
Using two waves of data from the Rwanda Demographic and
Health Surveys, collected before and after the randomized
roll-out of P4P, in a difference-in-differences analysis we
find that the P4P program improved some rewarded services,
had weakly positive impacts on several unrewarded services,
and had no impact on health outcomes. We find no evidence of
multitasking, and find mixed effects of the program by
baseline levels of quality, with most of the improvements
seen in the middle quality tier.},
Key = {fds210381}
}
@article{fds267035,
Author = {M. Mohanan and Das, J and Holla, A and Das, V and Mohanan, M and Tabak, D and Chan,
B},
Title = {In urban and rural India, a standardized patient study
showed low levels of provider training and huge quality
gaps.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {31},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2774-2784},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23213162},
Abstract = {This article reports on the quality of care delivered by
private and public providers of primary health care services
in rural and urban India. To measure quality, the study used
standardized patients recruited from the local community and
trained to present consistent cases of illness to providers.
We found low overall levels of medical training among health
care providers; in rural Madhya Pradesh, for example, 67
percent of health care providers who were sampled reported
no medical qualifications at all. What's more, we found only
small differences between trained and untrained doctors in
such areas as adherence to clinical checklists. Correct
diagnoses were rare, incorrect treatments were widely
prescribed, and adherence to clinical checklists was higher
in private than in public clinics. Our results suggest an
urgent need to measure the quality of health care services
systematically and to improve the quality of medical
education and continuing education programs, among other
policy changes.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2011.1356},
Key = {fds267035}
}
@book{fds199545,
Author = {V. Das and M. Mohanan and et al},
Title = {Standardized Patients and the Measurement of Healthcare
Quality},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds199545}
}
@article{fds267036,
Author = {Mohanan, M and Maselko, J},
Title = {Quasi-experimental evidence on the causal effects of
physical health on mental health.},
Journal = {Int J Epidemiol},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {487-493},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19939810},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: While a large body of literature has
demonstrated an association between physical health problems
and psychiatric ones, the extent to which one is causally
linked to the other remains difficult to estimate. This
quasi-experimental study seeks to (i) estimate causal
effects of an acute negative health event (health shock) on
mental health and (ii) examine the role of debt and
disability as potential mediators. METHODS: The study design
employs exogenous injuries in bus accidents together with a
matching procedure to simulate a random exposure to physical
health shock. The study was conducted among travellers on
state-owned buses in Karnataka, India. Exposure occurred
between July and December 2005. Outcomes were assessed from
a household survey conducted in November-December 2006.
Eighty-four injured passengers identified from bus accident
compensation records were interviewed along with 336
unexposed individuals enrolled from passengers on the same
accident bus routes, matched on age group, gender and
village/neighbourhood of residence. The main outcome of
Psychological Distress was measured using the Kessler-10
scale. RESULTS: Exposure to the health shock increases
psychological distress by 1.5 standard deviations (SD) 1
year later (P < 0.01). Physical disability is a key
mediating mechanism, accounting for 65% of the observed
effect. After controlling for disability, odds of having
distress levels commensurate with moderate/severe mental
illness was 3.01 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-7.19].
Indebtedness resulting from the health shock did not mediate
the association between shock and distress. CONCLUSION:
Evidence from this quasi-experimental study supports the
hypothesis that acute physical health shocks can cause
long-term mental health problems.},
Doi = {10.1093/ije/dyp331},
Key = {fds267036}
}
@article{fds163915,
Author = {M. Mohanan},
Title = {Causal Effects of Health Shocks on Consumption and Debt:
Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Bus Accident
Injuries},
Journal = {Forthcoming in Review of Economics and Statistics},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working Paper
No. 106. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1881113},
Key = {fds163915}
}
@article{fds267034,
Author = {Maselko, J and Mohanan, M and Kawachi, I},
Title = {RESPONDING TO ADVERSITY? QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE OF
DYNAMIC SOCIAL CAPITAL AND ITS RELATION TO MENTAL
HEALTH},
Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY},
Volume = {171},
Pages = {S53-S53},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0002-9262},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000278223300212&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds267034}
}
@article{fds267039,
Author = {Mahal, A and Mohanan, M},
Title = {Growth of private medical education in India.},
Journal = {Med Educ},
Volume = {40},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1009-1011},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0308-0110},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16987192},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Medical education has grown in India in nearly 6
decades since independence, but no quantitative assessment
of this growth exists. DISCUSSION: We examine the growth of
medical education institutions in India, especially in the
private sector, and their geographical distribution during
the period 1950-2004. We show that the rapid growth in the
number of medical colleges in India since 1950 has been
driven largely by developments in the private sector. The
private sector, currently accounting for over 45% of medical
colleges in India, grew by 900% between 1970 and 2004, with
the bulk of this growth occurring in the richer states. We
assess the reasons for these trends and the ensuing equity
implications. CONCLUSION: The growth of the private medical
education sector over the last 6 decades is the most
dominant feature of the Indian medical education
landscape.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02560.x},
Key = {fds267039}
}
@article{fds267038,
Author = {Mahal, A and Mohanan, M},
Title = {Medical Education in India: Implications for access to care
and its quality},
Journal = {Journal of Educational Planning and Administration},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds267038}
}
%% Munger, Michael C.
@article{fds371869,
Author = {Munger, M and Tilley, C},
Title = {Race, risk, and greed: Harold Black's contributions to the
institutional economics of finance},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {197},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {335-346},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-023-01073-w},
Abstract = {Dr. Harold Black has made a career of investigating the
effects of different rules and institutional arrangements on
the extent to which market participants in finance can
exercise a taste for discrimination. This paper considers
the nature of Black's contributions, and reviews some
particulars of his voluminous published research, focusing
especially on his work on the number of "overages" charged
by banks, and the differences in the effects of the race of
bank owners, as explained by the race of customers. The
paper concludes by connecting Dr. Black’s work to his
“origin story,” which helps explain his consistent focus
on careful empirical distinctions rather than preconceptions
and biases.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-023-01073-w},
Key = {fds371869}
}
@article{fds355327,
Author = {Munger, M and Vanberg, G},
Title = {Contractarianism, constitutionalism, and the status
quo},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {195},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {323-339},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-021-00878-x},
Abstract = {The constitutional political economy (CPE) approach as
developed by James Buchanan places emphasis on supermajority
rules—in particular, a unanimity requirement for
constitutional change. Critics argue that this approach
“privileges the status quo” in two problematic ways: (1)
alternatives are treated unequally, because the status quo
requires a smaller coalition to be “chosen” than any
other institutional arrangement selected to replace it; and
(2) individuals are treated unequally, because those who
happen to support the status quo have excessive power to
impose their will on the larger group, implying that a
minority illegitimately is privileged to block change. This
is a serious and important challenge. At the same time, we
argue that critics have conflated two analytically distinct
issues in arguing that the CPE paradigm (and
constitutionalism more generally) “privilege the status
quo”. Moreover, we aim to show that in rejecting the
“privileged position of the status quo”, critics must
confront an equally challenging task: Providing a
“measuring stick” by which the legitimacy of the status
quo, and changes to it, can be judged. It is precisely
skepticism regarding the possibility of providing a
criterion of legitimacy that is independent of agreement
that leads to the peculiar position of the status quo in
Buchanan’s thought.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-021-00878-x},
Key = {fds355327}
}
@article{fds374313,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Christopher Kam and Adlai Newson, The Economic Origins of
Political Parties},
Journal = {OEconomia},
Number = {13-1},
Pages = {115-118},
Publisher = {OpenEdition},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/oeconomia.13996},
Doi = {10.4000/oeconomia.13996},
Key = {fds374313}
}
@article{fds374354,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {“Apparently, You Don’t”: Economist Jokes as an
Educational Tool},
Journal = {Journal of Private Enterprise},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {61-82},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper addresses the growing literature on the
comparative statics of rhetorical equilibrium, using humor
as the animating device that corrodes existing norms for
understanding the commercial system. Three motivations for
economics jokes are advanced: to be funny, to illustrate,
and to mock. A simple model of humor is advanced, with three
independent variables—whether the joke is funny,
insightful, or accurately mocking—that are argued to
generate different levels of amusement, the dependent
variable. One conclusion is that jokes economists tell each
other, jokes economists tell outsiders, and jokes outsiders
tell themselves about economists have different mixes of the
essential arguments of the amusement function.},
Key = {fds374354}
}
@article{fds376034,
Author = {Riess, H and Munger, M and Zavlanos, MM},
Title = {Max-Plus Synchronization in Decentralized Trading
Systems},
Journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and
Control},
Pages = {221-227},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9798350301243},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CDC49753.2023.10383918},
Abstract = {We introduce a decentralized mechanism for pricing and
exchanging alternatives constrained by transaction costs. We
characterize the time-invariant solutions of a heat equation
involving a (weighted) Tarski Laplacian operator, defined
for max-plus matrix-weighted graphs, as approximate
equilibria of the trading system. We study algebraic
properties of the solution sets as well as convergence
behavior of the dynamical system. We apply these tools to
the 'economic problem' of allocating scarce resources among
competing uses. Our theory suggests differences in
competitive equilibrium, bargaining, or cost-benefit
analysis, depending on the context, are largely due to
differences in the way that transaction costs are
incorporated into the decision-making process. We present
numerical simulations of the synchronization algorithm
(RRAggU), demonstrating our theoretical findings.},
Doi = {10.1109/CDC49753.2023.10383918},
Key = {fds376034}
}
@article{fds374317,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Karl Mittermaier Economic Theory vs. Reality},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {281-289},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds374317}
}
@article{fds374318,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Governance Cycle in Parliamentary Democracies: A
Computational Social Science Approach},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {334-339},
Year = {2023},
Key = {fds374318}
}
@article{fds360001,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Giants among us: do we need a new antitrust
paradigm?},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {445-460},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-021-09350-w},
Abstract = {Traditional antitrust policy was formulated to control
pricing and output decisions that were not disciplined by
competitive forces, either because of monopoly power or
agreements in restraint of trade. Because there is no single
criterion for evaluating political policy outcomes,
antitrust regulators eventually settled on the “consumer
welfare standard,” correctly recognizing that any other
standard was incoherent. Recently “platforms” (defined
here as firms or apps that solve the key transaction costs
problems of triangulation, transfer, and trust) have tended
toward giantism. This had led to calls for a new approach to
antitrust, restoring the old multiple set of goals. But
every platform by definition defines an industry, and is a
monopoly within that industry. Such network economies or
advantages in managing trust are the reasons platforms exist
in the first place. This paper reviews the history of
antitrust, defines platforms and the problems of
“giantism,” and suggests some policies that certainly
won't work and should be abandoned. The problem is power,
not monopoly. So power is what the “new paradigm” needs
to address.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10602-021-09350-w},
Key = {fds360001}
}
@article{fds367345,
Author = {Theisen, A and Kiesling, L and Munger, M},
Title = {From Airbnb to solar: electricity market platforms as local
sharing economies},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {193},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {141-162},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-022-00985-3},
Abstract = {Distributed energy resource (DER) technologies such as
rooftop solar change the structure of production and
consumption in the electricity industry. These changes will
be mediated by digital platforms in ways that will sharply
decrease scale economy entry barriers in generation, making
local generation and self-supply not only possible but
economically competitive. Digitally-enabled platform
business models and local electricity markets are
increasingly part of policy debates in electricity
distribution and retail due to the proliferation of digital
and DER technologies. Here we propose a two-stage model to
represent the effects of transaction cost-reducing
innovation on two aspects of such transactions: gains from
trade in sharing, and the ability to express and satisfy
heterogeneous, subjective preferences in a poly-centric
system. Our core insight is that excess capacity varies
inversely with transaction costs; digital platform
technologies and business models enable asset owners to rent
out this excess capacity. We analyze the equilibrium
comparative statics of the model to derive observable
predictions, and find that having a local electricity market
platform option makes the opportunity cost of excess
capacity economically relevant. As small- scale transactions
in energy capacity become more feasible, our results suggest
that ownership of DER capacity will be driven less by
one’s expected intensity of use and more by relative price
concerns and subjective preferences for energy
self-sufficiency or environmental attributes.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-022-00985-3},
Key = {fds367345}
}
@article{fds366284,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A 'Good' Industrial Policy is Impossible: With an
Application to AB5 and Contractors},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Policy.},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds366284}
}
@article{fds350866,
Author = {Jenke, L and Munger, M},
Title = {Attention distribution as a measure of issue
salience},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {191},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {405-416},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-019-00711-6},
Abstract = {In spatial theory a central concept is salience, or the
relative importance of issues in a voter’s mind in
evaluating candidates’ platforms. Traditional,
self-reported measures of salience have either been national
in breadth (“which issues are most important to the nation
as a whole?”) or personal (“which issues do you care
most about personally?”). In the former case, the subjects
are being asked to guess what issues other voters think are
important; in the latter case, subjects are likely to report
issues that are “socially” important to avoid seeming
selfish or superficial. Unsurprisingly, such self-reported
measures have not been found to explain actual candidate
choices by individual voters very well. We introduce a
simple process-tracing measure of salience, using
mouse-tracking. Experimental participants were asked to rate
three hypothetical candidates, using information accessed in
a setting where the distribution of attention represents
salience in the decision process. Four models were tested:
standard city block distance and then the addition of each
of the two measures of traditional salience—national and
personal—and, finally, the attention distribution measure.
Attention distribution improves model fit over the standard
distance model and improves classification compared to the
traditional salience measures.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-019-00711-6},
Key = {fds350866}
}
@misc{fds365859,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Corruption},
Pages = {314-324},
Booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy, Politics, and
Economics},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780367407674},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367808983-30},
Doi = {10.4324/9780367808983-30},
Key = {fds365859}
}
@article{fds356989,
Author = {Bram, C and Munger, M},
Title = {Where you stand depends on where you live: county voting on
the Texas secession referendum},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {67-79},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-021-09334-w},
Abstract = {During the first half of the 19th century, Western Texas was
a “trap baited with grass” that attracted migrants
hoping to farm. When settlers on the wrong side of an
unknown, invisible line could not build successful farms,
residents in those counties voted to remain in the Union at
far higher rates than residents in neighboring counties who
could farm. The connection between the vote and economic
interest was obvious, as those without suitable land could
not make use of enslaved labor, which was too expensive
given the implicit marginal product of labor. Because the
location of settlement was plausibly random, these results
highlight the importance of economic interest as a
determinant of even fundamental moral beliefs that affect
vote choice.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10602-021-09334-w},
Key = {fds356989}
}
@article{fds361928,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Anthony Downs (1930–2021)},
Journal = {Social Choice and Welfare},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-021-01377-0},
Doi = {10.1007/s00355-021-01377-0},
Key = {fds361928}
}
@article{fds374314,
Author = {Munger, MC and Anderson, T},
Title = {In Memoriam: Richard L. Stroup (1943-2021)},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {141-144},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds374314}
}
@article{fds374315,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Journey Beyond Fear: Leverage the Three Pillars of
Positivity to Build Your Success},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {317-318},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds374315}
}
@article{fds374316,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Getting Right with Reagan: The Struggle for True
Conservatism, 1980-2016},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {630-633},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds374316}
}
@article{fds359093,
Author = {Grier, KB and Munger, MC},
Title = {Breaking up is hard to do: Lessons from the strange case of
New Zealand},
Journal = {Social Science Quarterly},
Volume = {102},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2565-2577},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.13047},
Abstract = {Objective: To investigate historical antecedents for the
likely effects of Brexit, the “breaking up” of the
Commonwealth is considered. In particular, the effects on
New Zealand in the period following “Brentry,” or the
entry of the UK into the EU, are measured and used to
forecast the pattern of impacts the UK may encounter.
Methods: The technique of Synthetic Control. This
quasi-experimental method takes conscious advantage of
features of endogenous selection that enable the comparison
of predicted growth against an explicit counterfactual,
allowing for dynamic changes in each. Results: We find that
NZ's loss of preferential trade status after “Brentry”
in 1973 created a lost decade for NZ. Using the synthetic
control model, we find that current estimates understate,
perhaps substantially, the negative effect of a hard Brexit
on the U.K. economy. Conclusion: NZ's famous “liberal”
reforms in the 1980s did put the country back on a path
parallel to its pre-1973 path. But contrary to the
conventional wisdom, these reforms did not come close to
restoring NZ's income to its level had Brentry not occurred.
In fact, NZ is still almost 20 percent poorer even post
reforms, compared to its synthetic control.},
Doi = {10.1111/ssqu.13047},
Key = {fds359093}
}
@article{fds356921,
Author = {Potthoff, RF and Munger, MC},
Title = {Condorcet Loser in 2016: Apparently Trump; Condorcet Winner:
Not Clinton?},
Journal = {American Politics Research},
Volume = {49},
Number = {6},
Pages = {618-636},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673X211009499},
Abstract = {Using thermometer score data from the ANES, we show that
while there may have been no clear-cut Condorcet winner
among the 2016 US presidential candidates, there appears to
have been a Condorcet loser: Donald Trump. Thus the surprise
is that the electorate preferred not only Hillary Clinton,
but also the two “minor” candidates, Gary Johnson and
Jill Stein, to Trump. Another surprise is that Johnson may
have been the Condorcet winner. A minimal normative standard
for evaluating voting systems is advanced, privileging those
systems that select Condorcet winners if one exists, and
critiquing systems that allow the selection of Condorcet
losers. A variety of voting mechanisms are evaluated using
the 2016 thermometer scores: Condorcet voting, plurality,
Borda, (single winner) Hare, Coombs, range voting, and
approval voting. We conclude that the essential problem with
the existing voting procedure—Electoral College runoff of
primary winners of two major parties—is that it
(demonstrably) allows the selection of a Condorcet
loser.},
Doi = {10.1177/1532673X211009499},
Key = {fds356921}
}
@article{fds362299,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Desert? You Can't Handle Desert!},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {325-332},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds362299}
}
@article{fds362300,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Populism, Self-Government, and Liberty},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-13},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds362300}
}
@article{fds357974,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Ideology and the Direction of Causation in the Acquisition
and Maintenance of Shared Belief Systems},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {73},
Number = {3},
Pages = {392-409},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12243},
Abstract = {Preferences and beliefs are more widely and systematically
shared than might be predicted by a subjective,
idiosyncratic view arising out of neoclassical economics.
Two works were published twenty five years ago on just this
question, contesting conceptions of belief acquisition:
Denzau and North (1994) and Hinich and Munger (1994). Denzau
and North argued that beliefs are simplified representations
of reality that provide conventional means of interpreting
the world around us; Hinich and Munger agreed. But Denzau
and North argued that beliefs were essentially
self-perpetuating, and not subject to optimizing revision
based on feedback, while Hinich and Munger followed the
orthodox Downsian notion of a heuristic that economizes (in
equilibrium) on the cost of becoming informed about
politics. The big difference is that the Hume-Denzau-North
conception follows the “Folk Theorem,” making no claim
about the optimality of the belief systems that a society
comes to share.},
Doi = {10.1111/kykl.12243},
Key = {fds357974}
}
@article{fds361929,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Moral community and moral order: Buchanan’s theory of
obligation},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {183},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {509-521},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-020-00791-9},
Abstract = {In 1981, James Buchanan published the text of a lecture
entitled “Moral Community, Moral Order, and Moral
Anarchy.” The argument in that paper deserves more
attention than it has received in the literature, as it
closely follows the argument made by Adam Smith in Theory of
Moral Sentiments. Smith believed, and rightly, that moral
communities—to use Buchanan’s words—are indispensable.
Smith also believed that the system could be expanded to
encompass norms that foster commercial society. Buchanan
allows for the same possibility in his discussion of moral
community, in some ways similar to Hayek’s “great
society” norms. But Buchanan points out the dark
possibility that moral orders can collapse, relegating
interactions outside of small moral communities to moral
anarchy. Buchanan’s contribution is an important, and
unrecognized, link between Smith’s conception of propriety
and Hume’s conception of convention.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-020-00791-9},
Key = {fds361929}
}
@article{fds342282,
Author = {Guzmán, RA and Munger, MC},
Title = {A Theory of Just Market Exchange},
Journal = {Journal of Value Inquiry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-118},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10790-019-09686-5},
Doi = {10.1007/s10790-019-09686-5},
Key = {fds342282}
}
@article{fds350700,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Was Karl Marx a Public-Choice Theorist?},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {509-520},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds350700}
}
@article{fds341734,
Author = {Munger, MC and Vilarreal-Diaz, M},
Title = {The Road to Crony Capitalism},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-344},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds341734}
}
@article{fds357975,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tomorrow 3.0: Transaction Costs and the Sharing Economy (an
excerpt)},
Journal = {Ekonomicheskaya Sotsiologiya},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {74-97},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2019-5-74-97},
Abstract = {According to Michael Munger, there is some evidence of the
Third Great Economic Revolution, which can be traced within
two dimensions: the sharing economy and the brokerage
economy. Although in many industries, these two dimensions
are far from each other, in some spheres where they
interact, their intersection results in extending the new
economy. In his book, Prof. Munger describes the features of
the sharing economy; entrepreneurship is oriented toward
cuts of transactional expenses rather than production
expenses, use of new basic program tools, a business running
with the help of mobile intellectual equipment, and an
internet connection. In turn, the emergence of a brokerage
economy results from skills used to sell cuts of
transactional costs, opening new opportunities for mutually
gained exchanges that have not yet been perceived as
commercial. The Journal of Economic Sociology publishes the
first chapter, "The World of Tomorrow 3.0," where the author
describes key features of the new economy resulting from the
Third Great Economic Revolution. It means that innovations
with the usage of digital technologies come to the fore,
allowing more intensive usage of durable goods and reducing
the total number of circulated goods. As a result, the human
experience turns out to be more important than the obtained
things, thus changing the idea of private property
dramatically.},
Doi = {10.17323/1726-3247-2019-5-74-97},
Key = {fds357975}
}
@article{fds339419,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tullock and the welfare costs of corruption: there is a
“political Coase Theorem”},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {181},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {83-100},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-018-0610-9},
Abstract = {Gordon Tullock developed an approach to understanding
dynamic processes of political change and policy outcomes.
The key insight is the notion that political insiders have
a comparative advantage—because they face lower
transaction costs—in manipulating rules. The result is
that political actors can collect revenues from threatening
to restrict, or offering to loosen, access to valuable
permissions, permits, or services. To the extent that the
ability to pay for such favorable treatment is a consequence
of private activities that produce greater social value,
there is a “political Coase theorem”: corruption makes
bad systems more efficient. But the dynamic consequences are
extremely negative, because of the inability to institute
reforms resulting from application of Tullock’s
“transitional gains trap.”.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-018-0610-9},
Key = {fds339419}
}
@article{fds346773,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The State of the First Amendment: 2018},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {295-305},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds346773}
}
@book{fds350701,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Is Capitalism Sustainable?},
Publisher = {American Institute for Economic Research},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {978-1630691738},
Key = {fds350701}
}
@article{fds342604,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Making the Voluntaryist Venn Work for Us, Not against
Us},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-520},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds342604}
}
@article{fds343718,
Author = {Kiesling, LL and Munger, MC and Theisen, A},
Title = {From Airbnb to Solar: Toward a Transaction Cost Model of a
Retail Electricity Distribution Platform},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343718}
}
@misc{fds365150,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {THE SIGNIFICANCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {404-416},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice: Volume
2},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780190469788},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190469771.013.19},
Abstract = {Political parties have been conceived variously as teams of
candidates, of ideological activists, or of groups of
voters. Their goals range range from winning office or
controlling government to implementing a shared vision of
policy. But candidates, activists, and voters often have
conflicting goals, and a desire to control government may
conflict with a particular conception of “good” policy.
This chapter considers how these conflicts play out in
parties as organizations. Parties are the means by which
democracies present, simplify, and differentiate competing
visions of governance. They also may be the most fundamental
informal institutions in democracies. Public choice
conceives of individuals as pursuing goals, with plans and
institutions used to the extent that individual goals are
advanced; this is the “parties as effective” argument.
Politics, like nature, abhors a vacuum, so organized
interests focus their power on the policy
process.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190469771.013.19},
Key = {fds365150}
}
@article{fds331467,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {On the origins and goals of public choice: Constitutional
conspiracy?},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {359-382},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds331467}
}
@article{fds338183,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {What Is "Actually Existing Socialism"?},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {297-299},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds338183}
}
@article{fds332797,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {30 years after the nobel: James Buchanan’s political
philosophy},
Journal = {Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-167},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11138-018-0418-3},
Abstract = {There are three main foundations of Public Choice theory:
methodological individualism, behavioral symmetry, and
“politics as exchange.” The first two are represented in
nearly all work that identifies as “Public Choice,” but
politics as exchange is often forgotten or de-emphasized.
This paper—adapted from a lecture given on the occasion of
the 30th year after Buchanan’s Nobel Prize—fleshes out
Buchanan’s theory of politics as exchange, using four
notions that are uniquely central to his thought:
philosophical anarchism, ethical neutrality, subjectivism,
and the “relatively absolute absolutes.” A central
tension in Buchanan’s work is identified, in which he
seems simultaneously to argue both that nearly anything
agreed to by a group could be enforced within the group as a
contract, and that there are certain types of rules and
arrangements, generated by decentralized processes, that
serve human needs better than state action. It is argued
that it is a mistake to try to reconcile this tension, and
that both parts of the argument are important.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11138-018-0418-3},
Key = {fds332797}
}
@misc{fds363840,
Author = {Munger, MC and Russell, DC},
Title = {Can profit seekers be virtuous?},
Pages = {114-130},
Booktitle = {The Routledge Companion to Business Ethics},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9781315764818},
Key = {fds363840}
}
@book{fds365860,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tomorrow 3.0: Transaction Costs and the Sharing
Economy},
Pages = {1-174},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781108427081},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108602341},
Abstract = {With the growing popularity of apps such as Uber and Airbnb,
there has been a keen interest in the rise of the sharing
economy. Michael C. Munger brings these new trends in the
economy down to earth by focusing on their relation to the
fundamental economic concept of transaction costs. In doing
so Munger brings a fresh perspective on the 'sharing
economy' in clear and engaging writing that is accessible to
both general and specialist readers. He shows how, for the
first time, entrepreneurs can sell reductions in transaction
costs, rather than reductions in the costs of the products
themselves. He predicts that smartphones will be used to
commodify excess capacity, and reaches the controversial
conclusion that a basic income will be required as a
consequence of this new 'transaction costs
revolution'.},
Doi = {10.1017/9781108602341},
Key = {fds365860}
}
@article{fds343478,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {On the contingent vice of corruption},
Journal = {Social Philosophy and Policy},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {158-181},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0265052519000153},
Abstract = {This essay develops a notion of “functional corruption,”
adapted from sociology, to note that the harm of corruption
appears to be contingent. In a system of dysfunctional
institutions, corruption can improve the efficiency and
speed of allocative mechanisms of the bureaucracy, possibly
quite substantially. The problem is that this “short
run” benefit locks in the long run harm of corruption by
making institutions much more difficult to reform. In
particular, a nation with bad institutions but without
bureaucracy may be much more open to reform than a nation
with similarly bad institutions but with “efficiently
corrupt” bureaucrats. The idea of a “long run” is
developed using the North, Wallis, and Weingast conception
of open access orders. Corrupt systems are likely to be
locked into closed access orders indefinitely, even though
everyone knows there are better institutions
available.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0265052519000153},
Key = {fds343478}
}
@book{fds327639,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tomorrow 3.0: The Sharing-Middleman Economy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds327639}
}
@misc{fds366928,
Author = {Munger, MC and Russell, DC},
Title = {Can profit seekers be virtuous?},
Pages = {113-130},
Booktitle = {ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO BUSINESS ETHICS},
Year = {2018},
ISBN = {978-1-138-78956-2},
Key = {fds366928}
}
@article{fds361930,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Objections to Euvoluntary Exchange Do Not Have
“Standing”: Extending Markets Without
Limits},
Journal = {Journal of Value Inquiry},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {619-627},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10790-017-9620-y},
Doi = {10.1007/s10790-017-9620-y},
Key = {fds361930}
}
@article{fds312938,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Human Agency and Convergence: Gaus’s Kantian
Parliamentarian (forthcoming)},
Journal = {The Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-364},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0889-3047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11138-016-0357-9},
Abstract = {Public reason is justified to the extent that it uses (only)
arguments, assumptions, or goals that are allowable as
“public” reasons. But this exclusion requires some prior
agreement on domains, and a process that disallows new
unacceptable reasons by unanimous consent. Surprisingly,
this problem of reconciliation is nearly the same, mutatis
mutandis, as that faced by micro-economists working on
general equilibrium, where a conceit—tâtonnement,
directed by an auctioneer—was proposed by Leon Walras.
Gaus’s justification of public reason requires the “as
if” solution of a Kantian Parliamentarian, who rules on
whether a proposal is “in order.” Previous work on
public reason, by Rousseau, Kant, and Rawls, have all
reduced decision-making and the process of “reasoning”
to choice by a unitary actor, thereby begging the questions
of disagreement, social choice, and reconciliation. Gaus, to
his credit, solves that problem, but at the price of
requiring that the process “knows” information that is
in fact indiscernible to any of the participants. In fact,
given the dispersed and radical situatedness of human aims
and information, it is difficult for individuals, much less
groups, to determine when norms are publicly justified or
not. More work is required to fully take on Hayek’s
insight that no person, much less all people, can have
sufficient reasons to endorse the relevant norm, rule or
law.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11138-016-0357-9},
Key = {fds312938}
}
@misc{fds363841,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Government failure and market failure},
Pages = {342-357},
Booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781138832169},
Key = {fds363841}
}
@article{fds327640,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Egalitarianism, properly conceived: We all are "Rawlsekians"
now!},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-70},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds327640}
}
@article{fds361931,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Robert D. Tollison: A remembrance},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {171},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {63-65},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-017-0430-3},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-017-0430-3},
Key = {fds361931}
}
@article{fds327641,
Author = {Grynaviski, JD and Munger, MC},
Title = {RECONSTRUCTING RACISM: TRANSFORMING RACIAL HIERARCHY from
"nECESSARY EVIL" into "pOSITIVE GOOD"},
Journal = {Social Philosophy and Policy},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {144-163},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0265052517000073},
Abstract = {Our theoretical claim is that racism was consciously (though
perhaps not intentionally) devised, and later evolved, to
serve two conflicting purposes. First, racism served a
legal-economic purpose, legitimating ownership and savage
treatment of slaves by southern whites, preserving the value
of property rights in labor. Second, racism allowed slave
owners to justify, to themselves and to outsiders, how a
morally "good" person could own slaves. Racism portrayed
African slaves as being less than human (and therefore
requiring care, as a positive duty of the slave owner, as a
man cares for his children, who cannot care for themselves),
or else as being other than human (and therefore being
spiritually no different from cattle or horses, and
therefore requiring only the same considerations for
maintenance and husbandry). The interest of the historical
narrative presented here is the emergence of racial chattel
slavery as a coherent and fiercely defended ideal, rather
than the "necessary evil" that had been the perspective of
the Founders. The reason that this is important is that the
ideology of racism persisted far beyond the destruction of
the institution of slavery, through Reconstruction, Jim
Crow, and in some ways persisting even today. This work is
an example of the problems of assuming that there is a
"feedback" mechanism by which moral intuitions are updated
and perfected; to the contrary, as suggested by Douglass
North, even socially inferior ideologies can prove extremely
persistent.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0265052517000073},
Key = {fds327641}
}
@article{fds312945,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Leadership Crisis and the Free Market Cure: Why the
Future of Business Depends on the Return to Life, Liberty,
and the Pursuit of Happiness},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {466-469},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000367025200021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312945}
}
@article{fds312944,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tomorrow 3.0 the sharing economy},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {391-395},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
Abstract = {A third great economic revolution will come about as the
sharing economy slashes transaction costs and turns almost
every product into an asset with the potential to earn
rental income for its owner. Although the demand for
manufactured goods will fall, costing many people their
jobs, the quality-adjusted price level will also fall and
pressures on the environment will lessen. All of us will
rent more and own less. Some of us may specialize in being
sellers in these new rental markets for things we do own.
But, overall, each of us will have actual possession of far,
far less stuff at any given time. But the bad news is that
an economy in which entrepreneurs have always been focused
on making new products or on making more old products more
inexpensively will be shaken to its foundations.},
Key = {fds312944}
}
@article{fds327642,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Douglass C. North: The answer is "transactions
costs"},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {143-146},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Michael C. Munger found during conducting economic research
that professor Douglass C. North emphasized on the concept
of transactions costs as an answer to most of the economic
problems, suggesting that transactions costs played a
central role in solving most of the economic questions. The
problem was that ideology cannot be both a summary, an
information shortcut, which would have to be correct on
average, and a substitute for facts and reason. Once one
recognized that institutional arrangements were in part the
product of and in part supported ex post by ideologies, the
rational choice view of mass politics became much harder to
sustain. This recognition led Doug on a path that took him
away from traditional economics, which adopted its own
ideological requirement that incentives, not tastes, must be
the force that animated choices and changes in
choices.},
Key = {fds327642}
}
@misc{fds314266,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Beauty of the Virtual Discussion Section},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/The-Beauty-of-the-Virtual/236065},
Key = {fds314266}
}
@article{fds312941,
Author = {Munger, MC and Vanberg, G},
Title = {Gordon Tullock as a Political Scientist (forthcoming)},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds312941}
}
@misc{fds312942,
Author = {Munger, MC and Russell, D},
Title = {Business and Virtue},
Booktitle = {Routledge Handbook of Business Ethics},
Publisher = {Routledge/Taylor and Francis},
Editor = {Heath, E and et al.},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds312942}
}
@misc{fds312939,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Market Failure and Government Failure (forthcoming)},
Booktitle = {Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism},
Editor = {Brennan, J},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds312939}
}
@misc{fds312940,
Author = {Munger, MC and Larson, J},
Title = {Reimagine What You Already Know: Toward New Solutions to
Longstanding Problems (forthcoming)},
Booktitle = {Digital Kenya},
Editor = {Weiss, T},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds312940}
}
@article{fds340538,
Author = {Munger, M and Vanberg, G},
Title = {Gordon Tullock as a political scientist},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {194-213},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-016-9214-x},
Abstract = {We consider Gordon Tullock’s impact in political science,
focusing on his influence as a scholar and as an academic
entrepreneur. It is common to think of Tullock as a
“natural economist,” but his formal training at Chicago
encompassed considerable coursework related to political
science. We consider three sources of information to draw
conclusions about Tullock’s contributions in political
science: (1) Course syllabi; (2) Citations in academic
political science journals; and (3) Impact on the careers of
important political scientists, and shaping the intellectual
agenda. Our conclusion is that, while Tullock’s work is
clearly significant for central questions in political
science, and has received some attention, his primary legacy
lies in the impact he had on launching and shaping the
careers of prominent political scientists, and thus the
development of political science scholarship.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10602-016-9214-x},
Key = {fds340538}
}
@article{fds312935,
Author = {Munger, MC and Grynaviski, G},
Title = {Pathologies of Political Authority: Constructed Racism is
'Public Reason' Gone Wrong (forthcoming)},
Journal = {Social Philosophy and Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals - No
Cambridge Open},
Year = {2016},
ISSN = {1471-6437},
Key = {fds312935}
}
@misc{fds250123,
Author = {Couyoumdjian, JP and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Entrepreneurial Virtues},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Character},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Fileva, I},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds250123}
}
@misc{fds312937,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Hayek’s Political Insights: Emergent Orders and Laid-on
Laws},
Booktitle = {40 years after the Nobel: F.A. Hayek and Political Economy
as a Progressive Research Program},
Editor = {Boetke, P},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds312937}
}
@article{fds312946,
Author = {Potthoff, RF and Munger, MC},
Title = {Condorcet polling can yield serendipitous clues about voter
views},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {165},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-12},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0285-4},
Abstract = {Condorcet polling provides additional information about
pairwise rankings often obscured in standard polls when
there are three or more candidates. This paper analyzes an
original dataset collected from Duke University students in
North Carolina concerning the 2014 Senate race, wherein a
Democrat, a Republican, and a Libertarian contested the
election. The results illustrate that Condorcet polling is
feasible in such a context, and that the information
provided changes the strategic calculus of voters in ways
that may have a positive impact on the way votes are cast
and choices considered.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-015-0285-4},
Key = {fds312946}
}
@article{fds312947,
Author = {Keech, WR and Munger, MC},
Title = {Erratum to: The anatomy of government failure(Public Choice,
(2015), DOI 10.1007/s11127-015-0262-y)},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {164},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {43-44},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0268-5},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-015-0268-5},
Key = {fds312947}
}
@article{fds312948,
Author = {Guzmán, RA and Munger, MC},
Title = {Erratum to: Euvoluntariness and just market exchange: moral
dilemmas from Locke’s Venditio(Public Choice, (2014), 158,
39-49, DOI 10.1007/s11127-013-0090-x)},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {164},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {189},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0269-4},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-015-0269-4},
Key = {fds312948}
}
@article{fds312950,
Author = {Keech, WR and Munger, MC},
Title = {The anatomy of government failure},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {164},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-42},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0262-y},
Abstract = {Government failure is a much bigger problem than its
contemporary treatment implies. Setting aside natural
disasters, most of the great catastrophes of human history
have been government failures of one sort or another. We
argue that many so-called market failures are government
failures because government defines the institutions in
which markets succeed or fail. The concept of government
failure has been trapped in the cocoon of the theory of
perfect markets. Narrowly defined deviations from market
perfection have been designated market failures, for which
government corrections may or may not really be a solution.
Government failure in the contemporary context means failing
to resolve a classic market failure. We propose an
alternative approach for evaluating whether government
fails: the Pareto standard. If an available Pareto
improvement is not chosen, or is not implemented, that is a
government failure. We organize government failure into two
types: substantive and procedural. Substantive failures
include the inability or unwillingness to maintain order, to
maintain sound fiscal and monetary policies, and to reduce
risks of transaction costs, which we classify as corruption,
agency and rent-seeking. Procedural failures are
inadequacies of available social choice mechanisms, causing
collective decisions to be arbitrary, capricious, or
manipuated. We conclude with some reflections on human
rationality and the implications of behavioral
economics.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-015-0262-y},
Key = {fds312950}
}
@book{fds302178,
Author = {Anomaly, J and Brennan, G and Brennan, POSAPTG and Munger, MC and Sayre-McCord, G},
Title = {Philosophy, Politics, and Economics An Anthology},
Pages = {672 pages},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press, USA},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9780190207311},
Abstract = {The only book on the market to include classical and
contemporary readings from key authors in Philosophy,
Politics, and Economics (PPE), this unique anthology
provides a comprehensive overview of the central topics in
this rapidly ...},
Key = {fds302178}
}
@misc{fds314204,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {L'Affaire LaCour: What it can teach us about academic
integrity and 'truthiness'},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
Key = {fds314204}
}
@article{fds361932,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Public choice's homeric hero: Gordon Tullock
(1922-2014)},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {599-604},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {Gordon Tullock, who was born in 1922 in Rockford, Illinois
gave the world public choice theory, the concept of rent
seeking, and bioeconomics. In early 1943, he enrolled in his
first economics class, taught by Henry Calvert Simons. But
later in 1943, before formally finishing the class, he was
drafted into the army and was assigned as a rifleman to the
Ninth Infantry Division. He returned to Chicago early in
1946 and finished the requirements for the J.D. Fortunately
for academic economics and public-choice theory, Gordon
learned to read and write a little Chinese, took the Foreign
Service Exam, and passed it on the first try. He was
assigned to Tientsin, China, in 1947. The Foreign Service
assigned him to do advanced study in Chinese back in the
United States, after which he returned to China and later
worked also in Korea and for the intelligence service in
Washington. He resigned from the Foreign Service in 1956 and
then knocked around, working several jobs. He has more than
fourteen thousand citations in many fields in Google
Scholar. He created a concept now called the 'Tullock
Contest' as a way of understanding efficient rent
seeking.},
Key = {fds361932}
}
@book{fds250200,
Author = {Munger, MC and Munger, KM},
Title = {Choosing in groups: Analytical politics revisited},
Pages = {1-255},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107070035},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107707153},
Abstract = {This book is an introduction to the logic and analytics of
group choice. To understand how political institutions work,
it is important to isolate what citizens - as individuals
and as members of society - actually want. This book
develops a means of “representing” the preferences of
citizens so that institutions can be studied more carefully.
This is the first book to integrate the classical problem of
constitutions with modern spatial theory, connecting
Aristotle and Montesquieu with Arrow and
Buchanan.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9781107707153},
Key = {fds250200}
}
@book{fds312800,
Title = {Future of the Economy: Fifty Years},
Publisher = {Independent Institute},
Editor = {Whaples, R and Munger, MC and Coyne, C},
Year = {2015},
Abstract = {Authored essays on "Tomorrow 3.0" and "Concluding
Essay."},
Key = {fds312800}
}
@book{fds314265,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {The Thing Itself: Essays on Academics, Economics, and
Policy},
Pages = {188 pages},
Publisher = {Mungerella Publishing},
Year = {2015},
ISBN = {9780692364154},
Key = {fds314265}
}
@misc{fds314338,
Author = {Prins, AD and Tamayo, AP and et. al., and Munger,
MC},
Title = {Sensational Smiles, LLC, dba Smile Bright v. Mullen, No.
15-507, “Brief of Public Choice Economics Scholars as
Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioner”},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://ij.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/ct-teeth-whitening-brief-of-public-choice-economics-scholars-as-amici-curiae-in-support-of-petitioner-11-18-2015.pdf},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Supreme Court of the United
States},
Key = {fds314338}
}
@article{fds313172,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Empowering, Not Enfeebling: Beyond the ‘Market v. State’
Dichotomy},
Journal = {Conversations on Philanthropy},
Volume = {10},
Publisher = {Conversations on Philanthropy},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds313172}
}
@article{fds313180,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {One and One-Half Cheers for Basic-Income Guarantee: We Could
Do Worse, and Already Have},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-513},
Publisher = {The Independant Institute},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
url = {http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/toc.asp?issueID=81},
Key = {fds313180}
}
@misc{fds313173,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Public Choice Economics},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {534-539},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Wright, JD},
Year = {2015},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71071-3},
Abstract = {Public choice is the application of economic methods and
behavioral assumptions to nonmarket collective choice
institutions. There are six major questions that public
choice has focused on: collective action, controlling
Leviathan, delegation, democratic coherence, information
problems, and rent-seeking. Public choice has important
implications for institutional design, particularly under
the assumption that political actors may be motivated by
interests other than the public interest. Public choice has
given rise to important areas of study in empirical
behavioral economics, including experimental economics, and
to the study of common pool resource management
institutions.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.71071-3},
Key = {fds313173}
}
@misc{fds313178,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Coase and the ‘Sharing Economy},
Pages = {187-208},
Booktitle = {Forever Contemporary: The Economics of Ronald
Coase},
Publisher = {Institute for Economic Affairs},
Editor = {Veljanovski, C},
Year = {2015},
Key = {fds313178}
}
@misc{fds313179,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Editor’s Introduction: The Basic-Income
Debate},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {485-488},
Publisher = {The Independant Institute},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
url = {http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/toc.asp?issueID=81},
Key = {fds313179}
}
@article{fds250185,
Author = {Brennan, G and Munger, M},
Title = {The soul of James Buchanan?},
Journal = {Independent Review},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-342},
Publisher = {The Independant Institute},
Year = {2014},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
Abstract = {The article reflects on the views and life of James M.
Buchanan. The Buchanan family had a political past:
Buchanan's grandfather had briefly been governor of
Tennessee in the early 1890s as a member of the populist
People's Party. This party was a coalition of agrarian
interests mainly poor cotton and wheat farmers from the
South and the West. Throughout his professional career,
Buchanan called himself a classical liberal. As indicated,
this was something he learned from Frank Knight and that he
held accordingly as a matter of intellectual conviction
rather than personal inclination, which he always
acknowledged was closer to 'libertarian socialist.'. He
viewed politics as arising from agreements. But the
agreements were founded in a notion of exchange rather than
in some fixed notion of consensus on a single policy or
choice. As a consequence, his conception of politics was
encompassing and multidimensional, allowing agreement to be
achieved through accommodations or compromises such as
logrolls.},
Key = {fds250185}
}
@misc{fds303786,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Chadha v. I.N.S. and the Legislative Veto},
Pages = {93-105},
Booktitle = {Creating Constitutional Change},
Publisher = {Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press},
Editor = {Ivers, G and McGuire, K},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds303786}
}
@misc{fds312952,
Author = {Gerard, D and Keech, W and Munger, M},
Title = {The Political Economy of Sustainability (forthcoming)},
Booktitle = {Introduction to Sustainable Engineering},
Publisher = {Prentice-Hall},
Editor = {Davidson, C},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds312952}
}
@article{fds312953,
Author = {Aldrich, J and Reifler, J and Munger, MC},
Title = {Sophisticated and myopic? Citizen preferences for Electoral
College reform},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {158},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {541-558},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0056-z},
Abstract = {Different institutions can produce more (or less) preferred
outcomes, in terms of citizens' preferences. Consequently,
citizen preferences over institutions may "inherit"-to use
William Riker's term-the features of preferences over
outcomes. But the level of information and understanding
required for this effect to be observable seems quite high.
In this paper, we investigate whether Riker's intuition
about citizens acting on institutional preferences is borne
out by an original empirical dataset collected for this
purpose. These data, a survey commissioned specifically for
this project, were collected as part of a larger nationally
representative sample conducted right before the 2004
election. The results show that support for a reform to
split a state's Electoral College votes proportionally is
explained by (1) which candidate one supports, (2) which
candidate one thinks is likely to win the election under the
existing system of apportionment, (3) preferences for
abolishing the Electoral College in favor of the popular
vote winner, and (4) statistical interactions between these
variables. In baldly political terms, Kerry voters tend to
support splitting their state's Electoral College votes if
they felt George W. Bush was likely to win in that state.
But Kerry voters who expect Kerry to win their state favor
winner-take-all Electoral College rules for their state. In
both cases, mutatis mutandis, the reverse is true for Bush
voters. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-013-0056-z},
Key = {fds312953}
}
@article{fds340539,
Author = {Aldrich, J and Munger, M and Reifler, J},
Title = {Institutions, information, and faction: An experimental test
of Riker's federalism thesis for political
parties},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {158},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {577-588},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-012-0040-z},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-012-0040-z},
Key = {fds340539}
}
@article{fds250186,
Author = {Grynaviski, JD and Munger, M},
Title = {Did southerners favor slavery? Inferences from an analysis
of prices in New Orleans, 1805-1860},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {159},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {341-361},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0150-2},
Abstract = {During the years immediately following the American
Revolution, it was common for Southern elites to express
concerns about the morality or long-term viability of
slavery. It is unclear, however, whether such expressions of
anti-slavery sentiment were genuine, especially given the
failure of so many slave owners to emancipate their slaves.
In this paper, we show that there was a change in elite
rhetoric about slavery, initiated by Whig politicians in the
mid-1830s seeking a campaign issue in the South, in which
anti-slavery rhetoric became linked to attempts by
abolitionists to foment slave unrest, making anti-slavery an
unsustainable position for the region's politicians. Before
that development, we contend that some planters believed
that slavery might some day be abolished. After it, those
concerns largely went away. We argue that the change in
slave owners' beliefs about the probability of abolition in
the mid-1830s should have been reflected in slave prices at
auction and test that claim using evidence from the New
Orleans auction market. © 2014 Springer Science+Business
Media New York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-013-0150-2},
Key = {fds250186}
}
@article{fds312956,
Author = {Guzmán, RA and Munger, MC},
Title = {Euvoluntariness and just market exchange: Moral dilemmas
from Locke's Venditio},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {158},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {39-49},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0090-x},
Abstract = {It is a maxim of Public Choice that voluntary exchanges
should not be interfered with by the state. But what makes a
voluntary market exchange truly voluntary? We suggest,
contra much of the economics literature, that voluntary
exchange requires consent uncoerced by threats of harm, but
that this is not sufficient. In particular, a person
pressured to exchange by the dire consequences of failing to
exchange-e.g., dying of thirst or hunger-is still coerced,
and coerced exchange cannot be voluntary. The weaker party's
desperation gives the other party unconscionable bargaining
power. We argue for a distinction, based on a neologism: in
the case of coercion by circumstance but not by threat,
exchange is still voluntary in the conventional sense, but
it is not euvoluntary (i.e., truly voluntary). We will argue
that all euvoluntary exchanges are just, while
non-euvoluntary exchanges may or may not be unjust; that in
competitive markets all exchanges are just, even those that
are not euvoluntary, while in bilateral monopolies some
exchanges are neither euvoluntary nor just. We will propose
a mental device, the "fictitious negotiation", to determine
the just price in non-euvoluntary market exchanges. A
primitive version of these ideas can be found in a little
known monograph by John Locke, which we will analyze in
detail. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-013-0090-x},
Key = {fds312956}
}
@article{fds361933,
Author = {Grynaviski, JD and Munger, M},
Title = {Erratum to: Did southerners favor slavery? Inferences from
an analysis of prices in New Orleans, 1805-1860 (Public
Choice, 10.1007/s11127-013-0150-2)},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {293},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-014-0178-y},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-014-0178-y},
Key = {fds361933}
}
@misc{fds314339,
Author = {Mellor, WH and Berliner, D and Sherman, PM and et. al., and Munger,
MC},
Title = {NC Dental Examiners v FTC, "Scholars of Public Choice
Economics in Support of FTC"},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://ij.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/nc-teeth-whitening-amicus.pdf},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Supreme Court of the United
States},
Key = {fds314339}
}
@article{fds313213,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A Moral Basis for Markets},
Journal = {Public Discourse},
Publisher = {Witherspoon Institute},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2014/01/11845/},
Abstract = {Debate with James Stoner},
Key = {fds313213}
}
@misc{fds250122,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Kaldor-Hicks Coercion, Coasian Bargaining, and the
State},
Pages = {117-135},
Booktitle = {Coercion and Social Welfare in Public Finance: Economic and
Political Dimensions},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Martinez, J and Winer, S},
Year = {2014},
Abstract = {Conference volume for Evergreen Resort Coercion Conference,
Oct. 1-2, 2010.},
Key = {fds250122}
}
@article{fds312955,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Strength in Numbers: The Political Power of Weak
Interests},
Journal = {Political Science Quarterly},
Volume = {128},
Number = {4},
Pages = {785-786},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0032-3195},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000328494200029&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1002/polq.12124},
Key = {fds312955}
}
@misc{fds312958,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Political science and public choice},
Pages = {39-53},
Booktitle = {The Elgar Companion to Public Choice, Second
Edition},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781849802857},
Abstract = {Political science is the study of power, cooperation, and
the uses (legitimate or otherwise) of force. Public choice
is the application of a general model of rational individual
choice and action to a variety of problems of groups
choosing in non- market settings.},
Key = {fds312958}
}
@misc{fds250195,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Everything You Know About Recycling is Wrong},
Journal = {Cato Unbound (On-line journal, not refereed)},
Series = {Symposium, The Political Economy of Recycling, edited by
Jason Kuznicki.},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Recycling},
Editor = {J Kuznicki},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.cato-unbound.org/issues/june-2013/political-economy-recycling},
Abstract = {Cato Unbound Symposium},
Key = {fds250195}
}
@article{fds250182,
Author = {Munger, KM and Munger, MC},
Title = {'Competencia Spatial en América Latina: Una visión general
de algunos modelos ilustrativos' (Spatial Competition in
Latin America: A Review of Some Illustrative
Models)},
Journal = {Revista Mexicana de Analisis Politico y Administracion
Publica},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {33-40},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds250182}
}
@article{fds250183,
Author = {Munger, MC and Salsman, R},
Title = {Is ‘Too Big to Fail’ Too Big?},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {433-456},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds250183}
}
@article{fds250184,
Author = {Guzman, RA and Munger, MC},
Title = {Freedom of Contract and the Morality of Exchange: Examples
From Locke’s Venditio},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {(with Ricardo Guzman). Public Choice.},
Key = {fds250184}
}
@article{fds312957,
Author = {Guzmán, RA and Munger, MC},
Title = {Euvoluntariness and just market exchange: moral dilemmas
from Locke's Venditio},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Pages = {1-11},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
Key = {fds312957}
}
@misc{fds318619,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Everything You Know About Recycling is Wrong},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Recycling},
Editor = {Kuznicki, J},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {Cato Unbound Symposium},
Key = {fds318619}
}
@article{fds350702,
Author = {Story, M and Larson, N},
Title = {Preface},
Journal = {Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds350702}
}
@article{fds250171,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {War, the American State, and Politics since
1898},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {301-304},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INST},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309028100015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds250171}
}
@article{fds250206,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Coercion, the state, and the obligations of
citizenship},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {152},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {415-421},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000306791200030&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-012-9992-2},
Key = {fds250206}
}
@article{fds250209,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Voting methods, problems of majority rule, and
demand-revealing procedures},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {152},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {61-72},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000304170600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Gordon Tullock made fundamental conceptual contributions to
the understanding of collective choices. Tullock balanced an
optimism about the capacity of political choices to
facilitate gains from exchange with a pessimism about the
negative externalities attending having majorities control
power and dictate choices for all. Tullock's work on both
sides of this divide is surveyed, examining both the
problems of voting procedures, and the promise of the
demand-revealing process he helped invent, in guiding the
choice of political institutions. © 2011 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-011-9856-1},
Key = {fds250209}
}
@article{fds250213,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Basic Income Is Not an Obligation, But It Might Be a
Legitimate Choice},
Journal = {Basic Income Studies},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-13},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {A distinction is made between libertarian destinations and
libertarian directions. Basic income cannot be part of a
truly libertarian state unless it could be accomplished
entirely through voluntary donations. But basic income is an
important step in a libertarian direction because it
improves core values such as self-ownership, liberty and
efficiency of transfers while reducing coercion and
increasing procedural fairness. Practical approaches to
achieving basic income are compared to proposals by Milton
Friedman and Charles Murray.},
Key = {fds250213}
}
@misc{fds314340,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {“Many Cultures, One Message,” et al. v. Clements, et
al.},
Year = {2012},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Washington Western District
Court},
Key = {fds314340}
}
@article{fds250208,
Author = {Aldrich, J and Munger, MC and Reifler, J},
Title = {Institutions, Information, and Faction: An Experimental Test
of Riker’s Federalism Thesis for Political
Parties},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds250208}
}
@misc{fds250118,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Hayek’s Insight: Order Without Direction, Benefit Without
Intent},
Booktitle = {Political Economy in Philosophic Perspective},
Publisher = {University Press of America},
Editor = {Butler, G},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds250118}
}
@misc{fds250119,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Euvoluntary Exchange and the Creation of
Wealth},
Booktitle = {Wealth Creation: Ethical & Economic Perspectives},
Publisher = {Cognella Academic Publishing},
Editor = {Schmidtz, D},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds250119}
}
@misc{fds250120,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Political Science and Public Choice},
Pages = {81-106},
Booktitle = {Elgar Companion to Public Choice II},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishers},
Editor = {Reksulak, M and Razzolini, L and Shughart, W},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds250120}
}
@misc{fds250124,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {“How to Write Less Badly” (Reprint 2010 article as book
chapter)},
Booktitle = {Top Ten Productivity Tips for Professors, Edward Elgar
Publishers},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds250124}
}
@article{fds312976,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Persuasion, psychology and public choice},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {290-300},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000296682100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {There has been a division of labor in the "behavioral
sciences" This is perhaps most striking in two of the
largest behavioral disciplines, economics and psychology.
Since 1990, a number of economists have crossed this
boundary. But James Buchanan was one of the first economists
to take the problem of moral intuitions and the origins of
preferences seriously, and to treat them analytically. ©
2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2011.07.012},
Key = {fds312976}
}
@article{fds312971,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Self-interest and public interest: The motivations of
political actors},
Journal = {Critical Review},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {339-357},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0891-3811},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000300165700005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Self-Interest and Public Interest in Western Politics showed
that the public, politicians, and bureaucrats are often
public spirited. But this does not invalidate public-choice
theory. Public-choice theory is an ideal type, not a claim
that self-interest explains all political behavior. Instead,
public-choice theory is useful in creating rules and
institutions that guard against the worst case, which would
be universal self-interestedness in politics. In contrast,
the public-interest hypothesis is neither a comprehensive
explanation of political behavior nor a sound basis for
institutional design. © 2011 Copyright Critical Review
Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1080/08913811.2011.635871},
Key = {fds312971}
}
@article{fds312943,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {‘Euvoluntary’ Exchange and the ‘Difference
Principle’},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Takes up the problem of “truly voluntary” (euvoluntary)
exchange argued in Munger (Social Philosophy and Policy,
Summer 2011) and extends it to apply to the problem of
inequality of income. In particular, it is argued that there
exists a link between Rawls’ difference principle and
Hayek’s conception of a safety net within an otherwise
pure free market.},
Key = {fds312943}
}
@article{fds250205,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Euvoluntary or not, exchange is just},
Journal = {Social Philosophy and Policy},
Volume = {28},
Series = {Summer},
Number = {2},
Pages = {192-211},
Booktitle = {Liberalism and Capitalism},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Editor = {EF Paul and FD Miller, Jr. and J Paul},
Year = {2011},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0265-0525},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000292247500008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The arguments for redistribution of wealth, and for
prohibiting certain transactions such as price-gouging, both
are based in mistaken conceptions of exchange. This paper
proposes a neologism, "euvoluntary" exchange, meaning both
that the exchange is truly voluntary and that it benefits
both parties to the transaction. The argument has two parts:
First, all euvoluntary exchanges should be permitted, and
there is no justification for redistribution of wealth if
disparities result only from euvoluntary exchanges. Second,
even exchanges that are not euvoluntary should generally be
permitted, because access to market exchange may be the only
means by which people in desperate circumstances can improve
their position. © Copyright Social Philosophy and Policy
Foundation 2011.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0265052510000269},
Key = {fds250205}
}
@misc{fds250211,
Author = {Ordeshook, P and Munger, M and Lin, TM and Jones,
B},
Title = {In memoriam: Melvin J. Hinich, 1939-2010},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000285103500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-010-9743-1},
Key = {fds250211}
}
@misc{fds314341,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Idaho Republican Party v Ysursa},
Publisher = {Idaho Gov},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/ClosedPrimaryOrder.pdf},
Key = {fds314341}
}
@article{fds250210,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Social Science of Democracy},
Journal = {Perspectives on Politics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {374-376},
Year = {2011},
Abstract = {Symposium on Jon Elster’s Tocqueville: The First Social
Scientist},
Key = {fds250210}
}
@misc{fds318621,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Euvoluntary or Not, Exchange is Just},
Booktitle = {Liberalism and Capitalism},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Paul, EF and Miller, Jr., FD and Paul, J},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds318621}
}
@article{fds250221,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {’Basic Income’ is Not an Obligation, But It Might Be a
Legitimate Choice},
Journal = {Basic Income Studies},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds250221}
}
@misc{fds314203,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {10 Tips on How to Write Less Badly},
Journal = {The Chronicle of Higher Educaiton},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0030-2201},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/10-Tips-on-How-to-Write-Less/124268},
Key = {fds314203}
}
@article{fds313211,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {How to Write Less Badly},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
Key = {fds313211}
}
@article{fds312975,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful: Elinor
Ostrom and the diversity of institutions},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {143},
Number = {3},
Pages = {263-268},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000277556500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-010-9629-2},
Key = {fds312975}
}
@misc{fds314202,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Lean on Your Staff},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/Lean-on-Your-Staff/65699},
Key = {fds314202}
}
@misc{fds314201,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {10 Suggestions for a New Department Chair},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/10-Suggestions-for-a-New/64963},
Key = {fds314201}
}
@misc{fds314200,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Right Kind of Nothing},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/The-Right-Kind-of-Nothing/63344},
Key = {fds314200}
}
@book{fds250196,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {Ideology and the theory of political choice},
Pages = {1-267},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780472084135},
Abstract = {There is no unified theory that can explain both voter
choice and where choices come from. Hinich and Munger fill
that gap with their model of political communication based
on ideology. Rather than beginning with voters and diffuse,
atomistic preferences, Hinich and Munger explore why large
groups of voters share preference profiles, why they
consider themselves “liberals” or “conservatives.”
The reasons, they argue, lie in the twin problems of
communication and commitment that politicians face. Voters,
overloaded with information, ignore specific platform
positions. Parties and candidates therefore communicate
through simple statements of goals, analogies, and by
invoking political symbols. But politicians must also commit
to pursuing the actions implied by these analogies and
symbols. Commitment requires that ideologies be used
consistently, particularly when it is not in the party’s
short-run interest. The model Hinich and Munger develop
accounts for the choices of voters, the goals of
politicians, and the interests of contributors. It is an
important addition to political science and essential
reading for all in that discipline.},
Key = {fds250196}
}
@book{fds318622,
Author = {Munger, MC and Hinich, M},
Title = {Political Economy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Originally published in 1997. Reprinted in new Chinese
language edition, and in new Korean edition.},
Key = {fds318622}
}
@article{fds250217,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {'Thinking About Order Without Thought' In Tullock's
Contributions to Spontaneous Order Studies},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {135},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {79-88},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {"Thinking About Order Without Thought." In Tullock's
Contributions to Spontaneous Order Studies, Public Choice
Special Issue, 135: 79-88.},
Key = {fds250217}
}
@misc{fds250116,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {I have a real meeting at 10:30: Running for Office as a
Third Party Candidate},
Pages = {203-222},
Booktitle = {Inside Political Campaigns: Chronicles—And Lessons–From
the Trenches},
Publisher = {Lynne Rienner Publishers},
Editor = {Bowers, J and Daniels, S},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds250116}
}
@misc{fds250117,
Author = {Keech, W and Munger, MC},
Title = {Political Economy},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Political Science},
Publisher = {Congressional Quarterly Press},
Editor = {Garrett, L and McClain, A and Chambers},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {Originally published in 1997. Reprinted in new Chinese
language edition, and in new Korean edition.},
Key = {fds250117}
}
@misc{fds314199,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Sorry I'm Late},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/Sorry-Im-Late/49148},
Key = {fds314199}
}
@article{fds312965,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Donald G. Saari, Disposing Dictators, Demystifying Voting
Paradoxes: Social Choice Analysis},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {140},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {539-542},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000268281200014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-009-9435-x},
Key = {fds312965}
}
@misc{fds314268,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {No Turtles: Faculty-Media Relations},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/No-Turtles-Faculty-Media/44489},
Key = {fds314268}
}
@misc{fds250194,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Locking Up Political Speech: How Electioneering
Communications Laws Stifle Free Speech and Civic
Engagement},
Publisher = {Institute for Justice},
Address = {Arlington, VA},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ij.org/images/pdf_folder/other_pubs/locking_up_political_speech.pdf},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Broward County v. Browning
(Florida)},
Key = {fds250194}
}
@misc{fds314393,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Locking Up Political Speech: How Electioneering
Communications Laws Stifle Free Speech and Civic
Engagement},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ij.org/images/pdf_folder/other_pubs/locking_up_political_speech.pdf},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Broward County v. Browning
(Florida)},
Key = {fds314393}
}
@article{fds250219,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The principal difficulty: Besley’s neo-Rousseavian
aspirations},
Journal = {The Review of Austrian Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-175},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0889-3047},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11138-009-0075-7},
Abstract = {The use of the "principal-agent" model makes an implicit
assumption about the existence of an underlying global
optimum or "general will." This assumption is debatable, and
Besley does not defend it sufficiently or even seem to
realize how strong an assumption it is. Still, it is
standard in the literature, and Besley's book is a very
strong contribution to that literature. Its two greatest
strengths are its solid microfoundations, and its use of the
classical "comparative statics" approach to analyze
dynamics. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11138-009-0075-7},
Key = {fds250219}
}
@misc{fds250193,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Market Makers or Parasites?},
Publisher = {Liberty Fund, Inc.},
Address = {Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2009/Mungermiddlemen.html},
Key = {fds250193}
}
@misc{fds250192,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Planning Order, Causing Chaos: Transantiago},
Publisher = {EconLib, OLL, Liberty Fund},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2008/Mungerbus.html},
Key = {fds250192}
}
@misc{fds314342,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Libertarian Party, et al v. State, et al},
Publisher = {Southern Coalition for Social Justice},
Year = {2009},
url = {https://www.southerncoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/LPNCamicusbrief.pdf},
Abstract = {Amicus Brief: Supreme Court of North Carolina},
Key = {fds314342}
}
@article{fds250170,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Saari’s "Disposing Dictators, Demystifying Voting
Paradoxes"},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {140},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {539-543},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds250170}
}
@misc{fds312951,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Orange blossom special: Externalities and the coase
theorem},
Pages = {192-196},
Booktitle = {Readings in Applied Microeconomics: The Power of the
Market},
Publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
Editor = {Newmark, C},
Year = {2009},
ISBN = {9780203878460},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2008/Mungerbees.html},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203878460},
Key = {fds312951}
}
@misc{fds361934,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {Spatial theory},
Pages = {295-304},
Booktitle = {Readings in Public Choice and Constitutional Political
Economy},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780387745749},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75870-1_18},
Abstract = {One of the fundamental building blocks in the analysis of
political phenomena is the representation of preferences.
Without some means of capturing the essence of goals and
trade-offs for individual choices, the mechanics of the
public choice method are stalled. While there are many ways
of representing preferences, the single most commonly used
approach is the spatial model. The idea of conceiving
preference in a kind of space is actually quite ancient, as
the quote from Aristotle's Politics below shows.
Furthermore, there are hints of several topics of modern
spatial theory, including the power of the middle, and the
problem of instability in political processes. © 2008
Springer-Verlag US.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-75870-1_18},
Key = {fds361934}
}
@article{fds250218,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {The dynamics of issue introduction: A model based on the
politics of ideology},
Journal = {Mathematical and Computer Modelling},
Volume = {48},
Number = {9-10},
Pages = {1510-1518},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0895-7177},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000259637500019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Many topics might be discussed in the course of any
election, but problems that are in fact discussed, and which
affect the electorate's choice, are located in the issue
space of a relatively small dimension. Two factors
contribute to this phenomenon: (a) party platforms are
usually presented to the electorate as packages of issues,
and (b) candidates tend to emphasize only a few particular
issues in the campaign. We model a dynamic process of
changing the issue space by candidates as a matter of their
campaign strategy and study factors causing changes in the
dimensionality or/and in the structure of the set of issues
shaping the political conflict in the election. We show how
particular features of an added new issue can change voter
perceptions of the candidates or the structure of the
political conflict in the election when the new issue is
such that (1) voters care about it, (2) a majority of voters
are interested changing the status quo of anything
associated with this issue, and (3) the existing ideological
differences among the candidates have clear reflections in
voters' minds. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mcm.2008.05.022},
Key = {fds250218}
}
@misc{fds314267,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {'A' Hire vs. 'the' Hire},
Journal = {Chronicle of Higher Education},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0009-5982},
url = {http://chronicle.com/article/A-Hire-vs-the-Hire/45775},
Key = {fds314267}
}
@article{fds312963,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Estimating market power and strategies},
Journal = {PUBLIC CHOICE},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {495-500},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252801100024&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312963}
}
@article{fds312964,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Industrial organization and the digital economy},
Journal = {PUBLIC CHOICE},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {495-500},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252801100023&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312964}
}
@article{fds312968,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {New publications},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {495-500},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252801100022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-007-9225-2},
Key = {fds312968}
}
@article{fds340335,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Blogging and political information: Truth or
truthiness?},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {134},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {125-138},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-007-9205-6},
Abstract = {Does the blogosphere generate truth, or what Stephen Colbert
calls 'truthiness,' facts or concepts one only wishes or
believes were true? Bloggers and the mainstream media face
the same difficulties if they wish to rely on the
blogosphere as a generator of truth. First, both bloggers
and media converge on a small number of key blogs as sources
of information. But the proprietors of these elite blogs are
likely to resist information that doesn't conform to their
existing attitudes and beliefs, precisely because they are
already highly aware of politics. Second, blogs and blog
readers are likely to separate themselves into smaller
networks according to their particular tastes. However,
under some circumstances the blogosphere may still
approximate a parallel processing statistical estimator of
the truth with 'nice' properties. The key to this outcome is
that judgments are independent, and that problems of
polarization are mitigated. © 2007 Springer
Science+Business Media, BV.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-007-9205-6},
Key = {fds340335}
}
@misc{fds376786,
Title = {Regulation},
Publisher = {Sage Publications, Inc.},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412965811.n257},
Doi = {10.4135/9781412965811.n257},
Key = {fds376786}
}
@article{fds337962,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Blogging and Political Information: Truth or
‘Truthiness’?},
Journal = {Public Choice: The Power and Political Science of
Blogs.},
Volume = {134},
Pages = {125-138},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds337962}
}
@article{fds250216,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Economic Choice, Political Decision, and the Problem of
Limits},
Journal = {Public Choice: Homo Economicus, Homo Politicus},
Volume = {137},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {507-522},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000260378900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Assesses the arguments for the use of market, or political,
processes for making collective choices. The border between
"what is mine" and "what is ours" is contested, but it is
unguarded. Where should it lie? How would we know when it
should be adjusted? I uncover an old paradox: A society can
never use political means to guard against incursions across
the border for political ends. Some other mechanism, such as
constitutional or other extra-statutory rules, are required.
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-008-9353-3},
Key = {fds250216}
}
@article{fds313456,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Thinking About Order Without Thought},
Journal = {Public Choice: Tullock's Contributions to Spontaneous Order
Studies},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {79-88},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-008-9283-0},
Abstract = {Philosophers tend to think of them as "conventions."
Economists and some biologists conceive of them as
"spontaneous orders," a concept discussed at some length in
other papers in this issue. Perhaps the most general
conception is "systems" theory, with roots in many
disciplines. Many scholars in the sciences have tried to
advance their research agendas by bringing systems theory to
the study of human civilization. Gordon Tullock, a scholar
who in the future will be recognized as someone well ahead
of his own time, traveled the reverse path, in many cases
being the first to suggest that the path even exists. ©
2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-008-9283-0},
Key = {fds313456}
}
@misc{fds250115,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Regulation},
Pages = {418-420},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Libertarianism},
Publisher = {Cato Institute},
Editor = {Hanowy, R},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412965811.n257},
Doi = {10.4135/9781412965811.n257},
Key = {fds250115}
}
@misc{fds340067,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Culture, order, and virtue},
Pages = {177-195},
Booktitle = {Liberalism, Conservatism, and Hayek's Idea of Spontaneous
Order},
Publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan US},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9781403984258},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230609228},
Doi = {10.1057/9780230609228},
Key = {fds340067}
}
@article{fds361935,
Author = {Shughart, WF and Kurrild-Klitgaard, P and Munger,
M},
Title = {Editorial announcement},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {132},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {255-256},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-007-9164-y},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-007-9164-y},
Key = {fds361935}
}
@article{fds312959,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Preferences and situations: Points of intersection between
historical and rational choice institutionalism},
Journal = {INDEPENDENT REVIEW},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {623-626},
Publisher = {INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1086-1653},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000245521900015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312959}
}
@misc{fds142637,
Author = {M.C. Munger},
Title = {"They Clapped: Can Price-Gouging Laws Prohibit Scarcity?”
Econlib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN,},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2007/Mungergouging.html},
Key = {fds142637}
}
@misc{fds250188,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Five Sorry Rules of Lateness},
Publisher = {Econlib, Liberty Fund},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2007/Mungerlateness.html},
Key = {fds250188}
}
@misc{fds250189,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {I’ll Stick With These: Some Sharp Observations on the
Division of Labor},
Publisher = {Econlib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN,."},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2007/Mungerpins.html},
Key = {fds250189}
}
@misc{fds250190,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {They Clapped: Can Price-Gouging Laws Prohibit
Scarcity?},
Publisher = {Econlab},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2007/Mungergouging.html},
Key = {fds250190}
}
@misc{fds250191,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Think Globally, Act Irrationally: Recycling},
Publisher = {Econlib, Liberty Fund},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2007/Mungerrecycling.html},
Key = {fds250191}
}
@article{fds250223,
Author = {M.C. Munger and Ensley, MJ and Munger, MC and de Marchi, S},
Title = {Candidate Uncertainty, Mental Models, and Complexity: Some
Experimental Results},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {132},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {231-246},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000247657500016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Since the work of Downs (1957), spatial models of elections
have been a mainstay of research in political science and
public choice. Despite the plethora of theoretical and
empirical research involving spatial models, researchers
have not considered in great detail the complexity of the
decision task that a candidate confronts. Two facets of a
candidate's decision process are investigated here, using a
set of laboratory experiments where subjects face a fixed
incumbent in a two-dimensional policy space. First, we
analyze the effect that the complexity of the electoral
landscape has on the ability of the subject to defeat the
incumbent. Second, we analyze the impact that a subject's
"mental model" (which we infer from a pre-experiment
questionnaire) has on her performance. The experimental
results suggest that the complexity of a candidate's
decision task and her perception of the task may be
important factors in electoral competition.},
Doi = {10.2307/27698137},
Key = {fds250223}
}
@misc{fds250114,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Culture, Order, and Virtue},
Pages = {267-291},
Booktitle = {LIBERALISM, CONSERVATISM, AND HAYEK’S IDEA OF SPONTANEOUS
ORDER},
Publisher = {Palgrave},
Editor = {Hunt, L and McNamara, P},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {9780230609228},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230609228},
Doi = {10.1057/9780230609228},
Key = {fds250114}
}
@article{fds250224,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Public Policy Informatics: Does Better Information Produce
Better Public Policy?},
Journal = {International Journal of Public Policy},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {343-354},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds250224}
}
@misc{fds250215,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {In Memoriam: Otto "Toby" Davis},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {128},
Number = {3},
Pages = {357-359},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds250215}
}
@article{fds250173,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Rent Seek and You Will Find},
Journal = {EconLib},
Series = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungerrentseeking.html},
Publisher = {EconLib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungerrentseeking.html},
Key = {fds250173}
}
@article{fds250174,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A Fable of the OC},
Series = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungeropportunitycost.html},
Publisher = {EconLib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungeropportunitycost.html},
Key = {fds250174}
}
@article{fds250175,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Unintended Consequences 1, Good Intentions
0},
Journal = {EconLib},
Series = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungergood
intentions.html},
Publisher = {EconLib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungergoodintentions.html},
Key = {fds250175}
}
@article{fds250176,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Two Steves and One Soichiro: Why Politicians Can’t Judge
Innovation},
Journal = {EconLib},
Series = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungercollectivism.html},
Publisher = {EconLib, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Mungercollectivism.html},
Key = {fds250176}
}
@article{fds250225,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Preference modification vs. incentive manipulation as tools
of terrorist recruitment: The role of culture},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {128},
Pages = {131-146},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds250225}
}
@misc{fds250113,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A Retrospective Assessment of Tullock’s THE VOTE
MOTIVE},
Pages = {131-138},
Booktitle = {The Vote Motive},
Publisher = {Institute of Economic Affairs},
Editor = {Kurrild-Klitgaard, P},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds250113}
}
@misc{fds314206,
Author = {Munger, MC and Denzau, AT},
Title = {Legislators and Interest Groups: How Unorganized Interests
Get Represented},
Pages = {338-357},
Booktitle = {The Classics of Interest Group Behavior},
Publisher = {Wadsworth Higher Ed Publishing},
Editor = {Wadsworth, RM},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds314206}
}
@misc{fds312954,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Nineteenth-century voting procedures in a twenty-first
century world},
Pages = {115-133},
Booktitle = {Policy Challenges and Political Responses: Public Choice
Perspectives on the Post-9/11 World},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780387280370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28038-3_7},
Abstract = {Voting procedures nowadays are anachronistic on two counts:
the technology of recording and counting votes often is
outmoded and too much is expected from the mechanisms of
democratic choice. Even if votes always and everywhere were
counted perfectly, election outcomes would still be
arbitrary since no collective choice process can divine the
"general will". The crucial line in any state is the one
dividing private decisions from collective decisions.
Democracy is part of the package for nations freeing
themselves from totalitarianism's grip, but it may be the
last, rather than the first thing that should be added to
the mix. © 2005 Springer.},
Doi = {10.1007/0-387-28038-3_7},
Key = {fds312954}
}
@article{fds250226,
Author = {Potthoff, R and Munger, M},
Title = {Voter Uncertainty Can Produce Non-Single-Peaked But Not
Cyclic Preferences: A Clue to the Fate of Ross
Perot?},
Journal = {Journal of Politics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {2},
Pages = {429-453},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds250226}
}
@misc{fds250137,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Democracy is a Means, Not an End},
Journal = {Econ Lib.},
Publisher = {Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2005/Mungerdemocracy.html},
Key = {fds250137}
}
@misc{fds250138,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {The Thing Itself},
Journal = {Econ Lib.},
Publisher = {Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2005/Mungerthing.html},
Key = {fds250138}
}
@misc{fds250139,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Everybody Loves Mikey},
Publisher = {Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2005/Mungerinvisiblehand.html},
Key = {fds250139}
}
@article{fds250172,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Regulation},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Libertarianism},
Publisher = {CATO Institute, Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Palmer, T},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds250172}
}
@article{fds250181,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {19th Century Voting Procedures in a 21st Century
World},
Journal = {Public Choice: Public Chpoce Perspectives at the Dawn of the
21st Century},
Volume = {124},
Series = {Special Issue on "Public Choice Perspectives at the Dawn of
the 21st Century"},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {115-133},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Editor = {Shughat, W and Tollison, R},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000231472200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Voting procedures nowadays are anachronistic on two counts:
the technology of recording and counting votes often is
outmoded and too much is expected from the mechanisms of
democratic choice. Even if votes always and everywhere were
counted perfectly, election outcomes would still be
arbitrary since no collective choice process can divine the
"general will". The crucial line in any state is the one
dividing private decisions from collective decisions.
Democracy is part of the package for nations freeing
themselves from totalitarianism's grip, but it may be the
last, rather than the first thing that should be added to
the mix. © Springer 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-005-4749-9},
Key = {fds250181}
}
@article{fds313454,
Author = {Munger, MC and Merolla, J and Tofias, M},
Title = {In play: a commentary on strategies in the 2004 U.S.
presidential election},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {123},
Pages = {19-37},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds313454}
}
@misc{fds303785,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Regulation},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Libertarianism},
Publisher = {CATO Institute, Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {Palmer, T},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds303785}
}
@misc{fds366929,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Nineteenth-century voting procedures in a twenty-first
century world},
Volume = {124},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {115-133},
Booktitle = {POLICY CHALLENGES AND POLITICAL RESPONSES: PUBLIC CHOICE
PERSPECTIVES ON THE POST-9/11 WORLD},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-005-4749-9},
Abstract = {Voting procedures nowadays are anachronistic on two counts:
the technology of recording and counting votes often is
outmoded and too much is expected from the mechanisms of
democratic choice. Even if votes always and everywhere were
counted perfectly, election outcomes would still be
arbitrary since no collective choice process can divine the
"general will". The crucial line in any state is the one
dividing private decisions from collective decisions.
Democracy is part of the package for nations freeing
themselves from totalitarianism's grip, but it may be the
last, rather than the first thing that should be added to
the mix. © Springer 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-005-4749-9},
Key = {fds366929}
}
@article{fds250273,
Author = {Banerjee, SG and Munger, MC},
Title = {Move to markets? An empirical analysis of privatization in
developing countries},
Journal = {Journal of International Development},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {213-240},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1072},
Abstract = {Aspects of the privatization experience are analysed for a
group of 35 low or middle-income developing countries, over
the period 1982 through 1999. The theory turns on net
political benefits, which in our model are the primary
determinant of privatization policies. The decision to
privatize is captured here in three related, but distinct,
dependent variables: (i) timing; (ii) pace; and (iii)
intensity. Our notion of the independent variable, 'net
political benefits', is not measured directly, but is
instead proxied by an array of macroeconomic, political, and
institutional variables. Our key finding is that, though
political benefits turn out to explain the timing, pace, and
intensity of privatization, the effects are very different
in each case. The timing hypothesis is tested using a Cox
proportional hazard model, the pace hypothesis is tested
using a random effects negative binomial model and the
intensity hypothesis is tested using the random effects
model. We find that the factors that improve timing delay
intensity-early adopters are later implementers.
Furthermore, we find that a privatization policy is much
more likely to be a crisis-driven, last ditch effort to turn
the economy around, rather than a carefully chosen policy
with explicit, long-term goals. A related, and very
important, finding in our analysis has to do with the
'lock-in' of institutions. The particular form of political
institutions, foreign aid regimes, and level of development
of property rights systems in the nation have significant
conditioning influences on the extent of lock-in. These
relationships may be important for informing policy
decisions, and for understanding apparent 'failures' of
privatization policies. © 2004 John Wiley and Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/jid.1072},
Key = {fds250273}
}
@misc{fds14591,
Author = {M. Munger},
Title = {Chadha v. I.N.S. and the Legislative Veto},
Pages = {93-105},
Booktitle = {Creating Constitutional Change},
Publisher = {Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press},
Editor = {Gregg Ivers and Kevin McGuire},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds14591}
}
@article{fds250272,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Economists and fiscal policy advice: A deficit or a
deficiency?},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {118},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {235-249},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000220250100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1023/b:puch.0000019988.50722.13},
Key = {fds250272}
}
@article{fds312972,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Commentary on "The Quest for Meaning in Public Choice" by
Elinor Ostrom and Vincent Ostrom},
Journal = {American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-160},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9246},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000189098600008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The Ostroms have created a paper that goes to the very heart
of the public choice enterprise. They suggest that we should
conceive of the evolution of constitutional procedures and
laws in analogy with biological evolution. One of the
paper's central goals is to establish the logical
foundations of political order. I take this goal seriously
and compare explicitly the task of explaining order in
biology and politics. In the case of biology, the task of
evolutionary theory has been to give an account of why there
are complex arrangements of genetic material called
"organisms" (including humans, giraffes, and whales) rather
than just a nutrient-rich primordial ooze with no apparent
structure. For the social scientist, the task is to explain
why there are rules, structure, and stability in
societies.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1536-7150.2004.00278.x},
Key = {fds312972}
}
@misc{fds250136,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Tragedy of the Malecon: Is Cuba ’Domestic
Politics?},
Journal = {Econ Lib.},
Publisher = {Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, IN},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2004/MungerCuba.html},
Key = {fds250136}
}
@misc{fds250274,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Commentary on 'The Quest for Meaning in Public
Choice},
Volume = {63},
Pages = {280 pages},
Booktitle = {The Production and Diffusion of Public Choice Political
Economy: Reflections on the VPI Center},
Publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
Editor = {Pitt, JC and Salehi-Isfahani, D and Eckel, DW},
Year = {2004},
ISBN = {978-1-4051-2453-9},
Key = {fds250274}
}
@misc{fds313453,
Author = {Munger, MC and McKay, A},
Title = {Chadha v. INS: Policy-making Outside the
Constitution},
Pages = {93-105},
Booktitle = {Creating Constitutional Change},
Publisher = {University of Virginia Press},
Editor = {Ivers, G and McGuire, K},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds313453}
}
@article{fds250275,
Author = {Potthoff, RF and Munger, MC},
Title = {Use of integer programming to optimize the scheduling of
panels at annual meetings of the Public Choice
Society},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {117},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {163-175},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000185858600007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Preparation for the annual meetings of an organization such
as the Public Choice Society involves scheduling various
panels (sessions) in the available time slots. No person can
be scheduled for more than one panel in the same time slot.
Each panel belongs to a specific subject area; one tries to
spread the panels in each area among the time slots as
evenly as possible. We develop an integer-programming model
to produce a schedule that maximizes the evenness subject to
the constraints. We successfully applied the model
retrospectively, as a test case, to schedule the 2001 annual
meetings of the society.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1026101608593},
Key = {fds250275}
}
@article{fds312960,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Voting with dollars: A new paradigm for campaign
finance.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {904-906},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000185575200009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312960}
}
@article{fds312974,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Long divisions},
Journal = {NEW REPUBLIC},
Volume = {229},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {4-4},
Publisher = {NEW REPUBLIC INC},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0028-6583},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000183855700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312974}
}
@article{fds250276,
Author = {Gottlieb, NH and Goldstein, AO and Flynn, BS and Cohen, EJE and Bauman,
KE and Solomon, LJ and Munger, MC and Dana, GS and McMorris,
LE},
Title = {State legislators' beliefs about legislation that restricts
youth access to tobacco products.},
Journal = {Health education & behavior : the official publication of
the Society for Public Health Education},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-224},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1090-1981},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000181791100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Better understanding of the cognitive framework for decision
making among legislators is important for advocacy of
health-promoting legislation. In 1994, the authors surveyed
state legislators from North Carolina, Texas, and Vermont
concerning their beliefs and intentions related to voting
for a hypothetical measure to enforce legislation preventing
the sale of tobacco to minors, using scales based on the
theory of planned behavior. Attitude (importance),
subjective norm (whether most people important to you would
say you should or should not vote for the law), perceived
behavioral control (ability to cast one's vote for the law),
and home state were independently and significantly related
to intention to vote for the law's enforcement. The results,
including descriptive data concerning individual beliefs,
suggest specific public health strategies to increase
legislative support for passing legislation to restrict
youth tobacco sales and, more generally, a framework for
studying policy making and advocacy.},
Doi = {10.1177/1090198102251033},
Key = {fds250276}
}
@article{fds314436,
Author = {Jenkins, JA and Munger, MC},
Title = {Investigating the incidence of killer amendments in
congress},
Journal = {Journal of Politics},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {498-517},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2508.t01-3-00012},
Abstract = {While much empirical research has been devoted to the study
of "killer amendments" in recent years, few studies have
explicitly examined the theoretical foundations of the
phenomenon. The goal of this paper is to investigate why
some killer amendment attempts are successful, when theory
suggests that they should always fail. More specifically, we
examine the practical political constraints on legislators'
abilities to neutralize the imminent threat of killer
amendments through sophisticated voting. We also present two
new cases, both occurring during the Reconstruction era, in
which killer amendments were used successfully. In the end,
our findings support previous research on all successful
killer amendments detailed in the congressional literature:
race was the issue under consideration at the amendment
stage.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-2508.t01-3-00012},
Key = {fds314436}
}
@misc{fds250110,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Demobilized and Demoralized: Negative Ads and Loosening
Bonds},
Pages = {15-29},
Booktitle = {Rational Foundations of Democratic Politics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Breton, A and Galeotti, G and Salmon, P and Wintrobe,
R},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds250110}
}
@misc{fds250111,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Committee Assignments},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {95-98},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press.},
Editor = {Frey, B and Rowley, C and Schneider, F},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds250111}
}
@misc{fds250112,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Voting},
Booktitle = {Public Choice Handbook},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Press},
Editor = {Shughart, W and Razzolini, L},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds250112}
}
@misc{fds313758,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Committee Jurisdictions and PACs},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {98-100},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press},
Editor = {Frey, B and Rowley, C and Schneider, F},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds313758}
}
@misc{fds313755,
Author = {Munger, MC and Hinich, M},
Title = {Spatial Theory},
Volume = {II},
Pages = {305-312},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press},
Editor = {Frey, B and Rowley, C and Schneider, F},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {9780792386070},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-47828-4_26},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-306-47828-4_26},
Key = {fds313755}
}
@misc{fds313756,
Author = {Munger, MC and Hinich, M},
Title = {Scholarly Legacy of Mancur Olson},
Volume = {II},
Pages = {284-286},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press},
Editor = {Frey, B and Rowley, C and Scheider, F},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds313756}
}
@misc{fds313757,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Interest Groups},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {307-312},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press},
Editor = {Frey, B and Rowley, C and Schneider, F},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds313757}
}
@article{fds312970,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A Logic of Expressive Choice. By Alexander A. Schuessler.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000. 177p.
$49.50 cloth, $16.95 paper.},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {96},
Number = {1},
Pages = {218-219},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0003-0554},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000174946100065&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>An interesting aspect of life at Duke is the annual
construction of our local Brigadoon. The well-ordered but
ephemeral tent city is named “Krzyzewskiville,” after
Duke's head basketball coach. K-ville appears once a year in
the weeks before the game against UNC-Chapel Hill, our arch
rival. So many students want to see this game that an
elaborate nonprice rationing scheme, based on a queue, has
evolved to allocate tickets. “Tenting” students may have
to wait two weeks or more to get tickets. The game is in
January or early February, so they sleeping outside and try
to keep up with their school work despite rain, snow, and
subfreezing temperatures at night. Random checks (even in
the middle of the night) are conducted by student
representatives; if a tent is empty too often it is taken
down, and the residents lose their place in the
queue.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/s0003055402394322},
Key = {fds312970}
}
@misc{fds314343,
Author = {Hayward, A and Dimino, M and Jones, CA and La Raja and RJ and Milyo, J and Munger, MC and New, NJ and Primo, DM and Samples,
J},
Title = {Brief Amicus Campaign Finance Scholars in Support of
Appellant, Citizens United},
Publisher = {Wilson - Epes Printing Co., Inc},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/electionlaw/litigation/documents/CU-SuppABrief-Aplt17.pdf},
Abstract = {Supreme Court of the United States: Citizens United v.
Federal Elections Commission},
Key = {fds314343}
}
@article{fds250277,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Comment on 'Judicializing Politics, Politicizing Law' by
John Ferejohn},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems: The Law of
Politics},
Volume = {65},
Pages = {87-94},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
Key = {fds250277}
}
@misc{fds250109,
Author = {Brewster, R and Munger, M and Oatley, T},
Title = {Widening vs. Deepening the European Union: An Institutional
Analysis},
Pages = {48-64},
Booktitle = {Institutional Challenges in the European
Union},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Hosli, M and van Deemen, A},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds250109}
}
@article{fds312967,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {From Subsistence to Exchange, and Other Essays. Peter
Bauer},
Journal = {The Journal of Politics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1273-1275},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-3816},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000172085500015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/jop.63.4.2691819},
Key = {fds312967}
}
@misc{fds250107,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Voting},
Pages = {197-239},
Booktitle = {Elgar Companion to Public Choice},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Press},
Editor = {Shughart, W and Razzolini, L},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds250107}
}
@misc{fds250108,
Author = {Munger, M and Ensley, M},
Title = {Institutions, Ideology, and the Transmission of Information
Across Generations},
Pages = {107-122},
Booktitle = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Mudambi, R},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds250108}
}
@article{fds312966,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Comment on Michael C. Munger's "Political Science and
Fundamental Research" - Reply to Roelofs},
Journal = {PS-POLITICAL SCIENCE & POLITICS},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {518-519},
Publisher = {AMER POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOC},
Year = {2000},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1049-0965},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000088910500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S1049096500063162},
Key = {fds312966}
}
@misc{fds313754,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Political Parties and Campaign Finance},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
url = {http://rules.senate.gov/hearings/2000/04500hrg.htm},
Key = {fds313754}
}
@article{fds250203,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Political science and fundamental research},
Journal = {PS - Political Science and Politics},
Volume = {33},
Series = {Special Issue: The Public Value of Political Science
Research},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-30},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Editor = {Arthur Lupia},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1049-0965},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000085998600006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/420773},
Key = {fds250203}
}
@article{fds250270,
Author = {Cooper, A and Munger, MC},
Title = {The (un)predictability of primaries with many candidates:
Simulation evidence},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {103},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {337-355},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086965800008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {It is common to describe the dynamic processes that generate
outcomes in U.S. primaries as "unstable" or "unpredictable".
In fact, the way we choose candidates may amount to a
lottery. This paper uses a simulation approach, assuming
10,000 voters who vote according to a naive, deterministic
proximity rule, but who choose party affiliation
probabilistically. The voters of each party then must choose
between two sets of ten randomly chosen candidates, in
"closed" primaries. Finally, the winners of the two
nominations compete in the general election, in which
independent voters also participate. The key result of the
simulations reported here is the complete unpredictability
of the outcomes of a sequence of primaries: the winner of
the primary, or the party's nominee, varied as much as two
standard deviations from the median partisan voter. The
reason is that the median, or any other measure of the
center of the distribution of voters, is of little value in
predicting the outcome of multicandidate elections. These
results suggest that who runs may have more to do with who
wins than any other consideration.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1005150101110},
Key = {fds250270}
}
@article{fds335630,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Reply to Roelofs},
Journal = {PS - Political Science and Politics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {518-519},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049096500063162},
Doi = {10.1017/S1049096500063162},
Key = {fds335630}
}
@book{fds302177,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Analyzing Policy Choices, Conflicts, and
Practices},
Pages = {430 pages},
Publisher = {W. W. Norton},
Year = {2000},
ISBN = {9780393973990},
Abstract = {Introduction to the conceptual foundations of policy
analysis including the basics of the welfare-economics
paradigm and cost-benefit analysis.},
Key = {fds302177}
}
@misc{fds250135,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Political Parties and Campaign Finance, Written
Testimony},
Publisher = {Rules and Administration Committee, U.S.
Senate},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds250135}
}
@article{fds250269,
Author = {Munger, MC and Cooper, A},
Title = {Five Questions: An Integrated Research Agenda in
Public},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {103},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-12},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086020100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1005048904160},
Key = {fds250269}
}
@article{fds250271,
Author = {Munger, M and Berger, M and Potthoff, R},
Title = {The Downsian Model Predicts Divergence},
Journal = {Journal of Theoretical Politics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {78-90},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0951-6298},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086986700005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1177/0951692800012002005},
Key = {fds250271}
}
@misc{fds250106,
Author = {Munger, M and Brewster, R and Oatley, T},
Title = {The European Court of Justice: An Agenda Control Analysis of
the Implications of EU Enlargement},
Booktitle = {Institutional Challenges in The European
Union},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Press},
Editor = {canDeemen, A and Hosli, M},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds250106}
}
@article{fds250169,
Author = {Poole, K and Rosenthal, H},
Title = {Congress: A Political Economic History of Roll Call
Voting},
Journal = {The Independent Review},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds250169}
}
@article{fds250180,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Presidential Address: Give Questions for the Public Choice
Society},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds250180}
}
@misc{fds250097,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Why People Don’t Trust Government},
Booktitle = {Regulation},
Editor = {Joseph S Nye and J and Zelikow, P},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds250097}
}
@article{fds250232,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Pangloss was right: Reforming congress is useless,
expensive, or harmful},
Journal = {Duke Environmental Law and Policy Forum},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-146},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1064-3958},
Key = {fds250232}
}
@article{fds250202,
Author = {Munger, MC and Wintrobe, R},
Title = {The Political Economy of Dictatorship},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne
d'Economique},
Volume = {31},
Number = {4},
Pages = {992-992},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000077736800018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/136507},
Key = {fds250202}
}
@article{fds312962,
Author = {Berger, MM and Munger, MC},
Title = {Congressional parties and primary election
challenges.},
Journal = {LEGISLATIVE STUDIES QUARTERLY},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {450-450},
Publisher = {COMPARATIVE LEGISLATIVE RES CENTER},
Year = {1998},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0362-9805},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000075223300012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds312962}
}
@article{fds250267,
Author = {Flynn, BS and Goldstein, AO and Solomon, LJ and Bauman, KE and Gottlieb,
NH and Cohen, JE and Munger, MC and Dana, GS},
Title = {Predictors of state legislators' intentions to vote for
cigarette tax increases.},
Journal = {Preventive medicine},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-165},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0091-7435},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000073317500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>This study analyzed influences on state
legislators' decisions about cigarette tax increase votes
using a research strategy based on political science and
social-psychological models.<h4>Methods</h4>Legislators from
three states representing a spectrum of tobacco interests
participated in personal interviews concerned with tobacco
control legislation (n = 444). Measures of potential
predictors of voting intention were based on the consensus
model of legislative decision-making and the theory of
planned behavior. Multiple logistic regression methods were
used to identify social-psychological and other predictors
of intention to vote for cigarette tax increases.<h4>Results</h4>General
attitudes and norms concerning cigarette tax increases
predicted legislators' intention to vote for cigarette tax
increases. More specific predictors included perceptions of
public health impact and retail sales impact of cigarette
tax increases. Constituent pressure was the strongest
perceived social influence. Political party and state also
were strong predictors of intention. Results were consistent
with related research based on political science
models.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Legislators' votes on cigarette
tax increases may be influenced by their perceptions of
positive and negative outcomes of a cigarette tax increase
and by perceived constituent pressures. This research model
provides useful insights for theory and practice and should
be refined in future tobacco control research.},
Doi = {10.1006/pmed.1998.0308},
Key = {fds250267}
}
@article{fds250204,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Odd Markets in Japanese History: Law and Economic
Growth. J. Mark Ramseyer},
Journal = {The Journal of Politics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {289-291},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3816},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000072897400038&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2648028},
Key = {fds250204}
}
@book{fds312801,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {Empirical studies in comparative politics},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {219-227},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005057920748},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1005057920748},
Key = {fds312801}
}
@article{fds250268,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC and De Marchi and S},
Title = {Ideology and the construction of nationality: The Canadian
elections of 1993},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {97},
Number = {3},
Pages = {401-428},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000078315900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Canada is one nation, but it is in many ways two
communities, one Francophone and the other Anglophone. We
employ a formal model of "ideology" and analyze how
nationality is constructed in people's minds. The magnitude
of the changes in expressed "preferences" in terms of
ideology depends on the salience of the new issue, the
extent to which it confirms with the existing ideological
cleavage, and the difference between the perceived status
quo on the new dimension and the voter's most preferred
alternative. Using data from the 1993 Canadian National
Election Study, we consider the relative importance of
different policy dimensions in explaining voting decisions
among educated Canadians. The issue of Quebec sovereignty,
alone, is shown to have significant power for predicting
vote choice. A plausible explanation, confirmed here by
regression analysis, is that Quebec sovereignty "stands" for
other issues in voters' conception of Canadian
politics.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1005089925291},
Key = {fds250268}
}
@book{fds19836,
Title = {Empirical Studies in Comparative Public Choice},
Editor = {M. Munger and Melvin J. Hinich},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds19836}
}
@article{fds42295,
Author = {M.C. Munger and Melvin Hinich and Scott de
Marchi},
Title = {Ideology and the Construction of Nationality: The Canadian
Elections of 1993},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds42295}
}
@article{fds42296,
Author = {M.C. Munger and Irwin Morris},
Title = {First Branch, or Root? Congress, the President, and Federal
Reserve},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds42296}
}
@article{fds318620,
Author = {Munger, MC and Hinich, M},
Title = {Editors' Introduction},
Journal = {Public Choice: Empirical Studies in Comparative
Politics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Pages = {3-3},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e328352c6d6},
Doi = {10.1097/MCC.0b013e328352c6d6},
Key = {fds318620}
}
@article{fds250167,
Author = {Dixit, AK},
Title = {The Making of Economic Policy: A Transactions-Cost Politics
Perspective},
Journal = {Regulation},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {73-76},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds250167}
}
@article{fds250168,
Author = {Taylor, A},
Title = {Mathematics and Politics},
Journal = {Chance, Magazine of the American Statiscal
Association},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {44-45},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds250168}
}
@article{fds250177,
Author = {Munger, MC and Morris, I},
Title = {First Branch, or Root? Congress, the President, and Federal
Reserve},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {96},
Pages = {363-380},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250177}
}
@misc{fds250233,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Editors' Introduction: Empirical Studies in Comparative
Politics},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {219-227},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250233}
}
@article{fds250265,
Author = {Munger, M and Goldstein, A and Cohen, J and Flynn, B and Gottlieb, N and Solomon, L and Dana, G and Baumann, K},
Title = {State Legislators' Attitudes and Voting Intentions about
Tobacco Control Legislation},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {11-7-2000},
Year = {1997},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds250265}
}
@book{fds250197,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {Analytical Politics},
Pages = {253 pages},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1997},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9780521565677},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139174725},
Abstract = {<jats:p>To 'analyse' means to break into components and
understand. But new readers find modern mathematical
theories of politics so inaccessible that analysis is
difficult. Where does one start? Analytical Politics is an
introduction to analytical theories of politics, explicitly
designed both for the interested professional and students
in political science. We cannot evaluate how well
governments perform without some baseline for comparison:
what should governments be doing? This book focuses on the
role of the 'center' in politics, drawing from the classical
political theories of Aristotle, Hobbes, Rousseau, and
others. The main questions in Analytical Politics involve
the existence and stability of the center; when does it
exist? When should the center guide policy? How do
alternative voting rules help in discovering the center? An
understanding of the work reviewed here is essential for
anyone who hopes to evaluate the performance or predict the
actions of democratic governments.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/cbo9781139174725},
Key = {fds250197}
}
@article{fds313753,
Author = {Cohen, JE and Goldstein, AO and Flynn, BS and Munger, MC and Gottlieb,
NH and Solomon, LJ and Dana, GS},
Title = {State legislators' perceptions of lobbyists and lobbying on
tobacco control issues.},
Journal = {Tobacco control},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {332-336},
Publisher = {BMJ},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0964-4563},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc.6.4.332},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine state legislators'
perceptions about health and tobacco lobbyists, their
frequency of contact with these lobbyists, and the amount of
campaign contributions from health professional
organisations and the tobacco industry.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional
study.<h4>Subjects</h4>State legislators from North
Carolina, Texas, and Vermont (USA), serving in 1994.<h4>Main
outcome measures</h4>Perceptions about lobbyists
representing the tobacco industry, non-profit health
organisations, and state medical societies with respect to
their credibility, importance as sources of information, and
persuasiveness; extent of lobbying activities; campaign
contributions from health professional organisations and the
tobacco industry.<h4>Results</h4>Almost all legislators
reported that medical society and non-profit health
organisation lobbyists are credible on tobacco issues and
just over half believed that these lobbyists are important
sources of information. More legislators said they could be
persuaded by medical and health lobbyists than by tobacco
lobbyists. Although health professional Political Action
Committees (PACs) gave campaign contributions to more state
legislators, and gave higher amounts on average, than
tobacco PACs, legislators reported less contact with medical
society lobbyists than tobacco lobbyists about tobacco
issues.<h4>Conclusions</h4>State legislators have positive
attitudes toward lobbyists for non-profit health
organisations and state medical societies regarding tobacco
issues. These groups may be an underused resource for
educating legislators about tobacco control
measures.},
Doi = {10.1136/tc.6.4.332},
Key = {fds313753}
}
@article{fds250164,
Author = {Gais, T},
Title = {Improper Influence: Campaign Finance Law, Political Interest
Groups, and the Problem of Equality},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {92},
Pages = {442-446},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds250164}
}
@article{fds250165,
Author = {Teske, P and Best, S and Mintrom, M},
Title = {Deregulation Freight Transportation: Delivering the
Goods},
Journal = {Regulation},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds250165}
}
@article{fds250166,
Author = {Klein, DB and Moore, AT and Reja, B},
Title = {Curb Rights: A Foundation for Free Enterprise in Urban
Transit},
Journal = {Regulation},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds250166}
}
@article{fds250263,
Author = {Schaller, MMWT},
Title = {The Prohibition and Repeal Amendments: A Natural Experiment
in Interest Group Influence},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {90},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {139-163},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5728-5_6},
Abstract = {The pattern of state support for Prohibition (18th
Amendment, 1919) and Repeal (21st Amendment, 1933) is
analyzed and compared. This comparison is important because
Prohibition is the only amendment ever to be repealed. The
main thesis is that there was no wholesale change in
preferences of citizens. Instead, producer interests failed
to mobilize effectively in 1919, and the coupling of moral
and economic arguments that worked in 1919 broke apart in
1933. Regression analysis is conducted on state legislatures
(for Prohibition) and state referenda on convention
delegates (for Repeal), so states are observations in the
cross-sectional regression analysis. The results broadly
support the main thesis.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-94-011-5728-5_6},
Key = {fds250263}
}
@article{fds250264,
Author = {Munger, M and Flynn, B and Dana, G and Goldstein, A and Cohen, J and Gottlieb, N and Solomon, L and Baumann, K},
Title = {State Legislators' Intentions to Vote and Subsequent Votes
on Tobacco Control Legislation},
Journal = {Health Psychology},
Volume = {16},
Pages = {401-404},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds250264}
}
@article{fds250163,
Author = {Ferguson, T},
Title = {Golden Rule: The Investment Theory of Party Competition and
the Logic of Money-Driven Political Systems},
Journal = {The Independent Review},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {198-201},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds250163}
}
@misc{fds250134,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Forum: The Dead Cats of November},
Journal = {PS: Political Science and Politics},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds250134}
}
@misc{fds250133,
Author = {Munger, M and Stockard, W},
Title = {The Environmental Protection Agency in the
Triangle},
Publisher = {Center for Urban and Regional Studies, University of North
Carolina-Chapel Hill},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds250133}
}
@article{fds361936,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Forum},
Journal = {PS: Political Science & Politics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {187},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049096500057085},
Doi = {10.1017/S1049096500057085},
Key = {fds361936}
}
@article{fds250161,
Author = {Holcombe, R},
Title = {The Economic Foundations of Government},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {892-894},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds250161}
}
@article{fds250162,
Author = {Bianco, W},
Title = {Trust: Representatives and Constituencies},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {85},
Pages = {395-397},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds250162}
}
@article{fds250260,
Author = {Coates, D and Munger, MC},
Title = {Strategizing in Small Group Decision Making: Host State
Identification in the Southeast Compact},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {82},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-16},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047726},
Abstract = {Experimental work in economics has long focussed attention
on strategic interaction amongst individuals. A robust
result is that a large fraction of participants in public
goods experiments act cooperatively. This paper tests for
the extent of strategic behavior in a non-laboratory
setting. These data were generated when representatives from
eight southeastern states voted to identify one state as
host for a regional disposal facility for low-level
radioactive waste. We find that no state plays its dominant
(free-riding) strategy, but none plays in a completely
cooperative fashion either. This result is similar to that
found in laboratory public goods experiments. © 1995 Kluwer
Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01047726},
Key = {fds250260}
}
@article{fds250261,
Author = {Coates, D and Munger, MC},
Title = {Legislative Voting and the Economic Theory of
Politics},
Journal = {Southern economic journal},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {861-873},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
Key = {fds250261}
}
@article{fds250262,
Author = {Coates, D and Munger, M},
Title = {Win, Lose, or Withdraw: A Categorical Analysis of Career
Patterns in the House of Representatives,
1948-1978},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {91-115},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047686},
Abstract = {Winner of the "Duncan Black Award" for best paper published
in Public Choice for 1995.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01047686},
Key = {fds250262}
}
@misc{fds250132,
Author = {Munger, M and Bluestein, F},
Title = {Single Prime and Multi-Prime Contracting in North Carolina
Public Construction: A Report Submitted Under Contract to
the N.C. State Building Commission},
Pages = {43-43},
Publisher = {Raleigh, NC: State Building Commission},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds250132}
}
@misc{fds313830,
Author = {Munger, MC and Bluestein, F},
Title = {Single Prime and Multi-Prime Contracting in North Carolina
Public Construction},
Pages = {43 pages},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds313830}
}
@article{fds361937,
Author = {Collier, K and Munger, M},
Title = {A comparison of incumbent security in the House and
Senate},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-154},
Year = {1994},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050391},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01050391},
Key = {fds361937}
}
@article{fds250160,
Author = {Mitnick, EBB},
Title = {Corporate Political Agency: The Construction of Competition
in Public Affairs},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {1000-1001},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds250160}
}
@article{fds250256,
Author = {Collier, K and Munger, MC},
Title = {Comparing Reelection Rates in the House and
Senate},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {78},
Pages = {45-54},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250256}
}
@article{fds250257,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Judicial Interpretation in the Face of Uncertainty: A
Comment on Schwartz, Spiller, and Urbiztondo},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {87-90},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds250257}
}
@article{fds250258,
Author = {Coates, D and Heid, V and Munger, MC},
Title = {Not Equitable, Not Efficient: U.S. Policy on Low-Level
Radioactive Waste Disposal},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {526-541},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {1520-6688},
Key = {fds250258}
}
@article{fds250259,
Author = {Grier, K and Roberts, B and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Determinants of Industry Political Activity,
1978-1986},
Journal = {The American political science review},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {911-932},
Booktitle = {Business and Government},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Editor = {Coen, D and Grant, W},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {1537-5943},
Key = {fds250259}
}
@misc{fds376561,
Author = {Munger, MC and Grier, K and Roberts, B},
Title = {The Determinants of Industry Political Activity, 1978 -
1986},
Booktitle = {Business and Government},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Press},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds376561}
}
@article{fds250254,
Author = {Mitchell, WC and Munger, MC},
Title = {Doing well while intending good: Cases in political
exploitation},
Journal = {Journal of Theoretical Politics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {317-348},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications (UK and US)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1460-3667},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951692893005003002},
Abstract = {Exploitation has a deservedly bad reputation as an analytic
concept in the social sciences. But this need not be so; a
simple definition of exploitation is advanced that has a
positive basis. Exploitation should be defined as the result
of rent-seeking activity that results in social outcomes
that are not Paretooptimal. Government, or the organization
with a constitutional monopoly on the legitimate use of
force, is ideally charged with balancing two competing kinds
of exploitation. The first is the private exploitation of
agents acting in unregulated markets where property rights
are undefined and unenforced. The second is political
exploitation using the powers of government itself. The
ideal task of government is to minimize the total
exploitative activity in the polity. Five case studies are
offered as illustrations of political exploitation, and how
difficult the task of balancing is. © 1993, Sage
Publications. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/0951692893005003002},
Key = {fds250254}
}
@article{fds361938,
Author = {Grier, KB and Munger, MC},
Title = {Comparing Interest Group PAC Contributions to House and
Senate Incumbents, 1980–1986},
Journal = {The Journal of Politics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {615-643},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2131991},
Abstract = {Most work on the allocation patterns of campaign
contributions by interest groups focuses on the relative
productivity of legislators' effort in serving each group.
Short time-series and cross-sectional _ studies of PAC
activity have been done for the House of Representatives and
the Senate separately, but no study has used (1) longer time
series data or (2) made explicit comparisons among interest
group (corporations, unions, and trade associations)
activities, considering (3) differences in the time series
pattern of groups across the two chambers. We integrate all
three perspectives here, using data covering the 1980–1986
election cycles. The results represent preliminary estimates
of the dollar value to interest groups of the personal and
institutional characteristics of legislators, where these
characteristics are allowed for the first time to vary
across chambers. © 1993, Southern Political Science
Association. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/2131991},
Key = {fds361938}
}
@article{fds250157,
Author = {Schlesinger, J},
Title = {Political Parties and the Winning of Office},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {75},
Pages = {99-101},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250157}
}
@article{fds250158,
Author = {Mizruchi, M},
Title = {The Structure of Corporate Political Action: Interfirm
Relations and Their Consequences},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {87},
Pages = {219-221},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250158}
}
@article{fds250159,
Author = {Parker, G},
Title = {Institutional Change, Discretion, and the Making of Modern
Congress},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {397-398},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250159}
}
@article{fds250252,
Author = {Torrent, GM and Munger, MC},
Title = {Committee Power and Value in the U.S. Senate: Implications
for Policy},
Journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and
Theory},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {46-65},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {1477-9803},
Key = {fds250252}
}
@article{fds250253,
Author = {Enelow, J and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Elements of Candidate Reputation: The Effect of Record
and Credibility on Optimal Spatial Location},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {757-772},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250253}
}
@article{fds250255,
Author = {Grier, KB and Munger, MC},
Title = {Corporate, Labor, and Trade Association Contributions to the
U.S. House and Senate, 1978-1986},
Journal = {Journal of Politics},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {615-644},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250255}
}
@misc{fds250104,
Author = {Munger, M and Enelow, J and Endersby, J},
Title = {A Revised Probabilistic Spatial Model of Elections: Theory
and Evidence},
Pages = {125-140},
Booktitle = {An Economic Theory of Democracy in Contemporary
Perspective},
Publisher = {University of Michigan Press},
Editor = {Grofman, B},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250104}
}
@misc{fds250105,
Author = {Munger, M and Hinich, M},
Title = {Political Ideology, Communication, and Community},
Pages = {25-50},
Booktitle = {Political Economy: Institutions, Competion, and
Representation},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Barnett, W and Hinich, M and Schofield, N},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds250105}
}
@misc{fds250131,
Author = {Munger, M and Coates, D and Heid, V},
Title = {The Disposal of Low-Level Radioactive Waste in America:
Gridlock in the States},
Publisher = {St. Louis, MO: Center for the Study of American Business,
Occasional Paper No. 119},
Year = {1992},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds250131}
}
@article{fds250250,
Author = {Hinich, MJ and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Spatial Theory of Ideology},
Journal = {Journal of Theoretical Politics},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {5-27},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications (UK and US)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1460-3667},
Key = {fds250250}
}
@misc{fds318627,
Author = {Munger, MC and Coates, D and Heid, V},
Title = {The Disposal of Low-Level Radioactive Waste in America:
Gridlock in the States},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds318627}
}
@article{fds250156,
Author = {Alt, J and Shepsle, K},
Title = {Perspectives on Positive Political Economy},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {1944-6},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds250156}
}
@article{fds250249,
Author = {Endersby, J and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Impact of Legislator Attributes on Union PAC
Contributions},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Research},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {79-97},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {1936-4768},
Key = {fds250249}
}
@article{fds250251,
Author = {Coates, DC and Munger, MC},
Title = {Guessing and Choosing: A Multicriterion Decision on a
Dispoal Technology for Low Level Radioactive
Waste},
Journal = {Journal of Public Policy},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {275-289},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {1469-7815},
Key = {fds250251}
}
@misc{fds250130,
Author = {Munger, M and Coates, D},
Title = {Nuclear Waste and the Bug Letter},
Pages = {7J-7J},
Publisher = {Raleigh News and Observer},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250130}
}
@article{fds250151,
Author = {Magee, S and Brock, W and Young, L},
Title = {Black Hole Tariffs and Endogenous Policy
Theory},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {108-110},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250151}
}
@article{fds250152,
Author = {Spulber, N},
Title = {Managing the American Economy from Roosevelt to
Reagan},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {513},
Pages = {200-202},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250152}
}
@article{fds250153,
Author = {Schwartzman, D},
Title = {Economic Policy: An Agenda for the 1990s},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {513},
Pages = {200-202},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250153}
}
@article{fds250154,
Author = {Sullivan, EBNO},
Title = {The Structure of Modern Ideology: Critical Perspectives on
Social and Political Theory},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {72},
Pages = {95-96},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250154}
}
@article{fds250155,
Author = {North, DC},
Title = {Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic
Performance},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {58},
Pages = {296-297},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250155}
}
@article{fds250246,
Author = {Grier, K and Munger, MC},
Title = {Committee Assignments, Constituent Preferences, and Campaign
Contributions to House Incumbents},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {24-43},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1465-7295},
Key = {fds250246}
}
@article{fds250247,
Author = {Grier, K and Roberts, B and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Industrial Organization of Corporate Political
Activity},
Journal = {Southern Economics Journal},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {727-738},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds250247}
}
@article{fds250248,
Author = {Mitchell, W and Munger, MC},
Title = {Economic Models of Interest Groups: An Introductory
Survey},
Journal = {American Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {512-546},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1540-5907},
Key = {fds250248}
}
@article{fds250244,
Author = {Richardson, LE and Munger, MC},
Title = {Shirking, representation, and Congressional behavior: Voting
on the 1983 amendments to the Social Security
Act},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-33},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DY91500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Our central goals at the outset of the paper were three: (1)
to report on the relative significance of a sophisticated
measure of constituent economic interest and a commonly used
variable, ADA score, that purports to measure the personal
ideology of the candidate; (2) demonstrate that the
constituent economic interest variable should be adjusted to
account for the fact that voters, not citizens, are the only
effective principals in influencing a legislator's voting
activities; and (3) call into question, on both theoretical
and empirical grounds, the claim that legislators shirk
their responsibilities to voters by voting their own
ideological preferences.[Figure not available: see
fulltext.] In order to evaluate our efforts, consider Table
5. For a large majority (15) of the 18 relevant runs, the
ideological variable is significant. Our measure of
constituent economic interests does not eliminate the
explanatory power of the ideological voting variable, but
this does not indicate shirking. As opposed to shirking, we
may observe ideological voting because (1) it provides brand
name capital, (2) it represents the ideological preferences
of the constituents, or (3) it acts as a measure of median
voter economic preferences. Further, ADA scores do not allow
us to differentiate between these competing explanations.
Table 5. Comparison of House and Senate resultsEconomic
variableIdeological variableHouseSenateTotalSignificantNot
significantSignificantNot significantKalt-Zupan
Insignificant--4-4Kalt-Zupan Significant332-8Peltzman
Insignificant--3-3Peltzman Significan--3-3Total3312018 For
11 of the 18 models one of the economic variables accounts
for a significant portion of the variance in the dependent
variables. The results derived from our measure of
constituent economic interests contradict most findings of
the LASI school and raise questions about the validity of
the empirical characterization of constituent interests in
that research. A breakdown of the results by chamber
indicates that significant differences in the degree of
ideological voting between the House and Senate may exist.
This is important in that most research has focused only on
the Senate where ideological voting is more prevalent. For
the House, Table 5 reveals the constituent economic interest
variable is always significant, and in fully one-half of the
relevant regressions it is the only significant variable,
knocking ADA out of the race. As noted earlier, the
insignificance of ADA is some indication of the absence of
ideological shirking though its significance may indicate
only measurement error, voter ideology, or reputational
capital. In the Senate, the results are more evenly split,
though it is clear that the adjusted (for reelection
constituency) economic interest variable is an improvement.
ADA is significant in all 12 Senate regressions, and the
respective economic variables are significant in 5, or just
under half. This side-by-side comparison is provocative,
though it remains to be tested in detail. But our
preliminary conclusions can be stated as follows. First, as
Peltzman (1984) suggested, a better specification of
economic interest and constituency representation reduces,
though it does not eliminate, the role of the ADA variable
in the Senate. Second, we find evidence that ideological
shirking, if it exists, is much smaller in the House. In
fact, from an institutional perspective, it can be argued
that economic interests are dominant, since House districts
are smaller and more homogeneous. Further, the shorter terms
for House members may make them more directly accountable to
voters, and smaller groups of voters may force a lesser
reliance on pure ideological campaigning and require a more
personal presentation of self. © 1990 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01890154},
Key = {fds250244}
}
@article{fds250146,
Author = {Coase, RH},
Title = {The Firm, The Market, and the Law},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {65},
Pages = {295-296},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250146}
}
@article{fds250147,
Author = {Taagepera, R and Shugart, M},
Title = {Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral
Systems},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {84},
Pages = {676-677},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250147}
}
@article{fds250148,
Author = {Eismeier, T and III, PP},
Title = {Business, Money, and the Rise of Corporate PACs in American
Elections},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {577-581},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250148}
}
@article{fds250149,
Author = {Alexander, H},
Title = {Comparative Political Finance in the 1980s},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {577-581},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250149}
}
@article{fds250150,
Author = {Sabato, L},
Title = {Paying for Elections},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {577-581},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250150}
}
@article{fds250243,
Author = {Grier, K and Torrent, G and Munger, MC},
Title = {Allocation Patterns of PAC Monies: The U.S.
Senate},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {111-128},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250243}
}
@article{fds250245,
Author = {Dow, J and Munger, MC},
Title = {Public Choice in Political Science},
Journal = {PS: Political Science and Politics},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {604-610},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250245}
}
@misc{fds250099,
Author = {Munger, MC and Roberts, BE},
Title = {Political and Economic Control of the Federal Reserve: A
Review of the Literature},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Monetary Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Mayer, T},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250099}
}
@misc{fds250103,
Author = {Munger, MC and Roberts, BE},
Title = {Political and Economic Control of the Federal Reserve: A
Review of the Literature},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Monetary Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Mayer, T},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds250103}
}
@article{fds376562,
Author = {Cox, GW and Munger, MC},
Title = {Closeness, Expenditures, and Turnout in the 1982 U.S. House
Elections},
Journal = {American Political Science Review},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {217-231},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1956441},
Abstract = {Students of elections have repeatedly found that the
closeness of an election is modestly correlated with
turnout. This may be due to a direct response of
instrumentally motivated voters, but recent theoretical work
casts doubt on the adequacy of this explanation. Another
possibility is that elite actors respond to closeness with
greater effort at mobilization. We explore the latter
possibility by using FEC and state data on campaign
expenditures in House, Senate, and gubernatorial races. Our
results indicate that closeness has an effect at both the
mass and elite levels. We also provide quantitative
estimates of the effect of Senate and gubernatorial
expenditure on House turnout. © 1989, American Political
Science Association. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/1956441},
Key = {fds376562}
}
@article{fds250144,
Author = {Kelly, JS},
Title = {Social Choice Theory: An Introduction},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {97-98},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds250144}
}
@article{fds250145,
Author = {Meier, K},
Title = {Regulation: Politics, Bureaucracy, and Economics and The
Political Economy of Regulation: The Case of
Insurance},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {62},
Pages = {192-195},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds250145}
}
@article{fds250239,
Author = {Dougan, WR and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Rationality of Ideology},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {213-239},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds250239}
}
@article{fds250240,
Author = {Cox, G and Munger, MC},
Title = {Contributions, Expenditure, Turnout: The 1982 U.S. House
Elections},
Journal = {The American political science review},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {217-231},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {1537-5943},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1956441},
Abstract = {Students of elections have repeatedly found that the
closeness of an election is modestly correlated with
turnout. This may be due to a direct response of
instrumentally motivated voters, but recent theoretical work
casts doubt on the adequacy of this explanation. Another
possibility is that elite actors respond to closeness with
greater effort at mobilization. We explore the latter
possibility by using FEC and state data on campaign
expenditures in House, Senate, and gubernatorial races. Our
results indicate that closeness has an effect at both the
mass and elite levels. We also provide quantitative
estimates of the effect of Senate and gubernatorial
expenditure on House turnout. © 1989, American Political
Science Association. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/1956441},
Key = {fds250240}
}
@article{fds250241,
Author = {Hart, D and Munger, MC},
Title = {Declining Electoral Competitiveness in the House of
Representatives: the Differential Impact of Improved
Transportation Technology},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {217-231},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {1573-7101},
Key = {fds250241}
}
@article{fds250242,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {A Simple Test of the Thesis that Committee Assignments Shape
the Pattern of Corporate PAC Contributions},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-186},
Year = {1989},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00124334},
Abstract = {The results presented in the previous section tend to
confirm the hypothesis that committee assignments shape the
pattern of corporate PAC contributions. This note
corroborates existing research on corporate PACs at a
significantly lower level of aggregation than the samples on
which existing research has been conducted. Further, because
a nonparametric test was used (rather than the more standard
regressional analysis), these results should increase our
confidence that the essential institutions of government
affect, and engender responses by, economic agents. © 1989
Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00124334},
Key = {fds250242}
}
@misc{fds250102,
Author = {Munger, M and Hinich, M},
Title = {Political Investment, Voter Perceptions, and Candidate
Strategy: An Equilibrium Spatial Analysis},
Pages = {49-68},
Booktitle = {Models of Strategic Choice in Politics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Ordeshook, P},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds250102}
}
@article{fds250238,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Allocation of Desirable Committee Assignments: Extended
Queues vs. Committee Expansion},
Journal = {American Journal of Political Science},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {317-344},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds250238}
}
@article{fds250237,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {On the Political Participation of the Firm in the Electoral
Process: An Update},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {295-298},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds250237}
}
@article{fds250142,
Author = {Dumas, LJ},
Title = {The Over-Burdened Economy},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {494},
Pages = {205-206},
Year = {1987},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds250142}
}
@article{fds250143,
Author = {Minsky, HP},
Title = {Stabilizing and Unstable Economy},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {494},
Pages = {205-206},
Year = {1987},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds250143}
}
@article{fds250141,
Author = {Ravenhill, J},
Title = {Collective Clientelism: The Lome Conventions and North-South
Relations},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {493},
Pages = {219-220},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds250141}
}
@article{fds250140,
Author = {Hughes, JJ and Perlman, R},
Title = {The Economics of Unemployment: A Comparative Analysis of
Britain and the United States},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Research},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {381-382},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds250140}
}
@article{fds250235,
Author = {Denzau, AT and Munger, MC},
Title = {Legislators and Interest Groups: How Unorganized Interests
Get Represented},
Journal = {The American political science review},
Volume = {80},
Pages = {89-106},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {1537-5943},
Key = {fds250235}
}
@article{fds250236,
Author = {Grier, KB and Munger, MC},
Title = {The Impact of Legislative Attributes on Interest Group
Contributions},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Research},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {349-361},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag (Germany)},
Year = {1986},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {1936-4768},
Key = {fds250236}
}
@article{fds250231,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Adjustment to Global Economy},
Journal = {Business and Society Review},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {8-9},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds250231}
}
@article{fds250230,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Destroy Trade Barriers},
Journal = {Business and Society Review},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {10-11},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds250230}
}
@misc{fds250129,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {A Time-series Investigation into Factors Influencing U.S.
Auto Assembly Employment},
Booktitle = {Bureau of Economics Staff Report to the Federal Trade
Commission},
Publisher = {Bureau of Economics Staff Report to the Federal Trade
Commission},
Year = {1985},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds250129}
}
@misc{fds318628,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {A Time-series Investigation into Factors Influencing U.S.
Auto Assembly Employment},
Booktitle = {Bureau of Economics Staff Report to the Federal Trade
Commission},
Year = {1985},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds318628}
}
@misc{fds250101,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {The Cost of Protectionism: Estimates of the Hidden Tax of
Trade Restraints},
Booktitle = {World Trade and Trade Finance},
Publisher = {Matthew Bender},
Editor = {Norton, JJ},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds250101}
}
@misc{fds250128,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {Tax Implications of Reagan’s Trade Policy},
Journal = {Policy Report},
Publisher = {Cato Institute},
Year = {1984},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds250128}
}
@misc{fds314205,
Author = {Munger, MC},
Title = {Trade Barriers and Deficits: The Hidden Tax of
Protectionism},
Booktitle = {Policy Report},
Year = {1984},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.cato.org/policy-report/february-1984},
Key = {fds314205}
}
@article{fds250229,
Author = {Rehbein, MMWKA},
Title = {The High Cost of Protectionism},
Journal = {Europe},
Volume = {243},
Pages = {10-11},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds250229}
}
@article{fds250234,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {On the Mutuality of Interest Between Bureaus and High Demand
Review Committees: The Case of Joint Production},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {211-216},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds250234}
}
@misc{fds250127,
Author = {Munger, M and Weidenbaum, ML},
Title = {Protectionism: Who Gets Protected?},
Pages = {16-19},
Publisher = {Consumer’s Research Magazine},
Year = {1983},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds250127}
}
@misc{fds250126,
Author = {Munger, M and Weidenbaum, ML and Penoyer, RJ},
Title = {Toward a More Open Trade Policy},
Booktitle = {Formal Publication No. 53},
Publisher = {St. Louis, MO: Center for the Study of American Business,
Formal Publication No. 53},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds250126}
}
@misc{fds318629,
Author = {Munger, MC and Weidenbaum, ML and Penoyer, RJ},
Title = {Toward A More Open Trade Policy},
Booktitle = {Formal Publication No. 53},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds318629}
}
@misc{fds250125,
Author = {Munger, M},
Title = {America’s Costly Trade Barriers},
Pages = {F29-F29},
Publisher = {The New York Times},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds250125}
}
@article{fds250227,
Author = {Weidenbaum, ML and Munger, MC},
Title = {Protection At Any Price?},
Journal = {Regulation},
Number = {July/August},
Pages = {54-61},
Year = {1983},
url = {http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/regulation/1983/7/v7n4-3.pdf},
Key = {fds250227}
}
@misc{fds250100,
Author = {Munger, M and Grier, KB},
Title = {The Empirical Accuracy of Sargent’s New Classical Macro
Model: Some Simulation Evidence},
Booktitle = {A Comparison of the Predictive Performance of Small
Macroeconometric Models},
Publisher = {St. Louis, MO: Center for the Study of American
Business},
Editor = {Meyer, L},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds250100}
}
%% Nechyba, Thomas J.
@article{fds361183,
Author = {Baldin, I and Chase, J and Crabtree, J and Nechyba, T and Christopherson, L and Stealey, M and Kneifel, C and Orlikowski, V and Carter, R and Scott, E and Sone, A and Sizemore, D},
Title = {ImPACT: A networked service architecture for safe sharing of
restricted data},
Journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems},
Volume = {129},
Pages = {269-285},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2021.11.026},
Abstract = {In this paper we describe an architecture developed and
prototyped in the course of the NSF-funded project called
ImPACT—Infrastructure for Privacy-Assured CompuTations.
This architecture addresses the common problems that arise
from the need to securely store, control access to and
process privacy-restricted data in a multi-institutional,
multi-stakeholder setting. Specifically the architecture
includes several components—a way to publicly advertise a
limited set of data attributes without exposing the
sensitive data itself; a set of mechanisms for a data owner
to specify and automatically enforce complex data-access
policies commonly expressed today as Data Use Agreements
(DUAs); a way to securely collect digital attestations from
multiple stakeholders to satisfy those policies; and a
reproducible template to deploy secure processing enclaves
in which groups of researchers can analyze the data in a way
that complies with data owner policies using the tools of
their choice. The paper describes the architecture and its
instantiation in a prototype, providing a performance
evaluation of several components.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.future.2021.11.026},
Key = {fds361183}
}
@article{fds353048,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Tiebout sorting and competition},
Pages = {471-478},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Education: A Comprehensive
Overview},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128153918},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815391-8.00034-3},
Abstract = {Over 60 years ago, Charles Tiebout hypothesized that
decentralized provision of public services (such as public
schools) through local governments can result in efficient
levels of such services (Tiebout, 1956). His key insight was
that residential mobility of households might provide a
sufficient disciplining force (analogous to typical market
forces) to insure efficient provision of local public
services. With sufficient local competition, there would be
no room for local governments to engage in excessive
political rent seeking, and enough variety in local tax and
service packages would emerge to satisfy different consumer
tastes. In the case of public education, however, serious
issues related to equity and equal opportunity also emerge,
suggesting a tradeoff between the promise of Tiebout
efficiency and the emergence of inequities in educational
opportunities for children of different income classes and
different races.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-815391-8.00034-3},
Key = {fds353048}
}
@article{fds344736,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {What should students learn in intermediate microeconomics?
To think conceptually from the fundamentals of the
discipline},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Education},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-264},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220485.2019.1618769},
Doi = {10.1080/00220485.2019.1618769},
Key = {fds344736}
}
@article{fds238522,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Tiebout sorting and competition},
Journal = {International Encyclopedia of Education},
Pages = {388-393},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01259-8},
Abstract = {Public and private schools operate in local economies in
which households choose where to live based, in part, on
access to schools and, in part, on features of local housing
markets. These residential location choices, in turn,
determine where children attend schools, the types of
resources available to different schools and the degree to
which schools are focused primarily on the educational needs
of students. The sorting of students and resources that
emerges across schools, known as Tiebout sorting, is
therefore closely linked to features of local economies as
well as institutional characteristics of school finance and
assignment policies. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01259-8},
Key = {fds238522}
}
@article{fds369393,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Tiebout Sorting and Competition},
Pages = {388-393},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Education, Third
Edition},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780080448947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01259-8},
Abstract = {Public and private schools operate in local economies in
which households choose where to live based, in part, on
access to schools and, in part, on features of local housing
markets. These residential location choices, in turn,
determine where children attend schools, the types of
resources available to different schools and the degree to
which schools are focused primarily on the educational needs
of students. The sorting of students and resources that
emerges across schools, known as Tiebout sorting, is
therefore closely linked to features of local economies as
well as institutional characteristics of school finance and
assignment policies.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01259-8},
Key = {fds369393}
}
@misc{fds324977,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Mobilizing the Private Sector in the United States: A
Theoretical Overview},
Journal = {SCHOOL CHOICE INTERNATIONAL: EXPLORING PUBLIC-PRIVATE
PARTNERSHIPS},
Pages = {47-69},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Editor = {Chakrabarti, R and Peterson, PE},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-0-262-03376-3},
Key = {fds324977}
}
@misc{fds143158,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {Tiebout Sorting and School Choice},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Education},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Brewer, Dominic and Patrick McEwan},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143158}
}
@misc{fds143159,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {The Social Context of Vouchers},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research on School Choice},
Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143159}
}
@misc{fds143160,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {Public and Private School Competition Under U.S. Fiscal
Federalism},
Booktitle = {Land Policy in Fiscal Decentralization},
Editor = {Ingram, Greg and Yu-Hung Hong},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds143160}
}
@misc{fds42400,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {Mobilizing the Private Sector for Public Education: A
Theoretical Overview},
Booktitle = {School Choice International},
Editor = {P. Peterson and H. Patrinos},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds42400}
}
@misc{fds324978,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {The efficiency and equity of Tiebout in the United States:
Taxes, services, and property values},
Journal = {LAND POLICIES AND THEIR OUTCOMES},
Pages = {68-89},
Booktitle = {Land Policies and their Outcomes},
Publisher = {LINCOLN INST LAND POLICY},
Editor = {Ingram, GK and Hong, YH},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {978-1-55844-172-9},
Key = {fds324978}
}
@book{fds18275,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {Microeconomics (working title)},
Publisher = {Southwest/Thompson},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds18275}
}
@misc{fds29696,
Author = {J.L. Vigdor and T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {Peer Effects in North Carolina Public Schools},
Pages = {73-102},
Booktitle = {Schools and the Equal Opportunity Problem},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {P. Peterson and L. Woessmann},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds29696}
}
@misc{fds42399,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {"Comment" on "Non-Fiscal Residential Zoning"},
Booktitle = {The Tiebout Model at Fifty: Essays in Public Economics in
Honor of Wallace Oates},
Publisher = {Lincoln Institute Press: Cambridge, MA},
Editor = {W. Fischel},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds42399}
}
@article{fds238526,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Chapter 22 Income and Peer Quality Sorting in Public and
Private Schools},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1327-1368},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444528193},
ISSN = {1574-0692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0692(06)02022-8},
Abstract = {Any system of primary and secondary schools involves
explicit or implicit mechanisms that ration not only
financial but also nonfinancial inputs into education
production. This chapter focuses primarily on such
mechanisms as they relate to the sorting of parents and
children into schools and classrooms. Three primary
mechanisms are reviewed: (1) sorting that emerges through
residential location choices within housing markets that are
linked to schools; (2) sorting that arises from parental
choices to send children to private rather than public
schools; and (3) sorting within schools that results from
explicit tracking policies. The equilibrium level of sorting
(along parental income and child peer quality dimensions)
then depends on both the specifics of how education
production works and the overall characteristics of the
general equilibrium environment within which schools
operate. We review the theoretical as well as the related
simulation-based literature in this area and suggest that
much potential exists for increasing empirical relevance of
the emerging models for policy analysis, particularly as a
related empirical literature comes to better terms with the
nature of peer effects in education production. © 2006
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0692(06)02022-8},
Key = {fds238526}
}
@article{fds324979,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Income and Peer Quality Sorting in Public and Private
Schools},
Volume = {2},
Series = {Elsevier/North Holland.},
Pages = {1327-1368},
Booktitle = {Handbook of the Economics of Education},
Editor = {Hanushek, E and Welch, F},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {978-0-444-52819-3},
Abstract = {Any system of primary and secondary schools involves
explicit or implicit mechanisms that ration not only
financial but also nonfinancial inputs into education
production. This chapter focuses primarily on such
mechanisms as they relate to the sorting of parents and
children into schools and classrooms. Three primary
mechanisms are reviewed: (1) sorting that emerges through
residential location choices within housing markets that are
linked to schools; (2) sorting that arises from parental
choices to send children to private rather than public
schools; and (3) sorting within schools that results from
explicit tracking policies. The equilibrium level of sorting
(along parental income and child peer quality dimensions)
then depends on both the specifics of how education
production works and the overall characteristics of the
general equilibrium environment within which schools
operate. We review the theoretical as well as the related
simulation-based literature in this area and suggest that
much potential exists for increasing empirical relevance of
the emerging models for policy analysis, particularly as a
related empirical literature comes to better terms with the
nature of peer effects in education production.},
Key = {fds324979}
}
@article{fds238527,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Alternative education finance strategies},
Number = {Mar},
Pages = {7-27},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds238527}
}
@article{fds238528,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {School Finance, School Choice and Residential
Segregation},
Journal = {CESifo Economic Studies},
Publisher = {[Keynote Lecture at 2004 CES Public Sector Economics
Conference]},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds238528}
}
@misc{fds23547,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {"Comment" on "Land Taxation in New York City: A General
Equilibrium Analysis"},
Pages = {95-100},
Booktitle = {Urban Issues and Public Finance: Essays in Honor of Dick
Netzer},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd},
Editor = {A. Schwartz},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds23547}
}
@article{fds238521,
Author = {Nechyba, T},
Title = {Comment: Land taxation in New York City: A general
equilibrium analysis},
Journal = {City Taxes, City Spending: Essays in Honor of Dick
Netzer},
Pages = {95-100},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845421632.00011},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845421632.00011},
Key = {fds238521}
}
@article{fds238530,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {School Competition and School Quality in the
U.S.},
Journal = {CESifo DICE Report - Journal of Institutional
Comparison},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {3-8},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds238530}
}
@article{fds18172,
Author = {Richard Lynn and Tatu Vanhanen},
Title = {IQ and the Wealth of Nations},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {XLII},
Pages = {220-21},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds18172}
}
@misc{fds23548,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {Mobility, Targeting and Private School Vouchers},
Series = {The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics
(Mark Blaug, ed.)},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Schooling and School Quality},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd},
Editor = {Eric Hanushek},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds23548}
}
@article{fds238529,
Author = {Nechyba, T and Walsh, R},
Title = {Urban Sprawl},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {177-200},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0895330042632681},
Doi = {10.1257/0895330042632681},
Key = {fds238529}
}
@inbook{fds21261,
Author = {D. Epple and T. Nechyba},
Title = {Fiscal Decentralization},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics: Volume
4},
Publisher = {North Holland},
Editor = {V. Henderson and J. Thisse},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds21261}
}
@article{fds324980,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {IQ and the wealth of nations.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {220-221},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324980}
}
@article{fds238525,
Author = {Epple, D and Nechyba, T},
Title = {Chapter 55 Fiscal decentralization},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2423-2480},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780444509673},
ISSN = {1574-0080},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0080(04)80012-9},
Abstract = {Fiscal decentralization is on the rise worldwide while
barriers to factor and population mobility are declining.
Greater decentralized government activity is therefore
taking place in an economic environment characterized by
increased competition for mobile resources, and government
policy within this environment is increasingly cognizant of
profound implications this combination of decentralization
and mobility may have on political and economic outcomes. As
these trends have become important, the academic literature
across several disciplines in economics has paid increasing
attention to the issues that arise from these trends. This
chapter summarizes the progress that has been made in this
literature - in both theoretical and empirical dimensions -
while simultaneously pointing out some open questions for
future research. Several important themes emerge: First,
while simple versions of more general models have clarified
many analytic issues, policy trade-offs are ultimately made
in complicated settings rich with institutional detail.
Thus, the search for a greater connection between
theoretical models and data has taken on particular
importance. Complex general equilibrium models of fiscal
decentralization ultimately become most useful when
underlying parameters within such models are determined by
the data. Both calibration and structural estimation
techniques are advancing this portion of the literature.
Second, the last decade has seen an increasing emphasis on
political forces in debates over fiscal decentralization.
Not only does such decentralization carry with it potential
economic benefits and costs, but political decisions are
likely to be fundamentally different in a decentralized
environment. Important further work on political
institutions under fiscal decentralization is needed.
Finally, as decentralization has been studied in multiple
contexts, it has become increasingly clear that the
micro-foundations of local goods and services need further
theoretical and empirical investigations. Many such goods
(such as crime prevention and schooling) depend on peer and
neighborhood effects, and predictions can change
fundamentally as such effects are introduced. © 2004
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0080(04)80012-9},
Key = {fds238525}
}
@inbook{fds324981,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Prospects for Achieving Equity or Adequacy in Education: The
Limits of State Aid in General Equilibrium},
Journal = {HELPING CHILDREN LEFT BEHIND: STATE AID AND THE PURSUIT OF
EDUCATIONAL EQUITY},
Pages = {111-143},
Booktitle = {Helping Children Left Behind},
Publisher = {M I T PRESS},
Editor = {Yinger, J},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
ISBN = {978-0-262-25404-5},
Key = {fds324981}
}
@misc{fds29695,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba and J.L. Vigdor},
Title = {Peer Effects in North Carolina Public Schools},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds29695}
}
@article{fds18173,
Author = {Alan Auerbach and Martin Feldstein},
Title = {Handbook of Public Economics: Vol. 3},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {XLI},
Pages = {1299-1301},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds18173}
}
@article{fds324982,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Handbook of public economics, volume 3.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1301-1303},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds324982}
}
@article{fds238532,
Author = {Nechyba, T},
Title = {Public School Finance and Urban School Policy: General
Versus Partial Equilibrium Analysis},
Journal = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Pages = {139-170},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238532}
}
@article{fds238541,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Centralization, fiscal federalism, and private school
attendance},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {179-204},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2354.t01-1-00066},
Abstract = {A CGE model is used to analyze the impact of public school
financing on private school attendance. The common
perception that public school finance centralization will
necessarily lead to greater private school attendance is not
correct in such a model - even when that centralization
involves an extreme equalization as in California.
Furthermore, if centralization is less dramatic (as in most
states), declines in private school attendance are even more
pronounced. This weakens the speculation that low exit rates
to private schools in centralizing states imply that general
public school quality does not drop as a result of such
centralization.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-2354.t01-1-00066},
Key = {fds238541}
}
@article{fds238543,
Author = {Nechyba, T},
Title = {School finance, spatial income segregation, and the nature
of communities},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-88},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0094-1190(03)00041-X},
Abstract = {In a general equilibrium model that links school and housing
markets, a purely public school system (regardless of the
degree of centralization) results in substantially more
spatial income segregation than a purely private system.
However, the combination of a public system with a private
school market yields the least residential segregation as
housing price distortions from the capitalization of the
public system generate incentives for middle and high income
private school attendees to live with lower income public
school attendees. The impact of vouchers and the sensitivity
of results to alternative school production models is also
investigated. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0094-1190(03)00041-X},
Key = {fds238543}
}
@article{fds304429,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {What can be (and what has been) learned from general
equilibrium simulation models of school finance?},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {387-414},
Publisher = {National Tax Association},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0028-0283},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2644 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper synthesizes some initial lessons from an emerging
school finance literature that employs computational
structural models to investigate different policy proposals.
The advantage of such models lies in their ability to fully
trace out the general equilibrium effects of policies within
an internally consistent and empirically relevant economic
framework. Results in this literature suggest that a full
general equilibrium analysis may lead to outcomes that
differ substantially from those predicted by partial
equilibrium models. At the same time, there is considerable
room for further research that can both inform and be
informed by more standard empirical research.},
Doi = {10.17310/ntj.2003.2.06},
Key = {fds304429}
}
@misc{fds23541,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {"Comment" on "Immigrant Children and New York City Schools:
Segregation and Its Consequences"},
Journal = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Pages = {208-211},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds23541}
}
@misc{fds21271,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {The Benefit View and the New View: Where do we stand 25
years into the debate?},
Pages = {113-21},
Booktitle = {Property Taxation and Local Public Finance},
Publisher = {Lincoln Institute Press: Cambridge, MA},
Editor = {Wallace Oates},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds21271}
}
@misc{fds324984,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Prospects for Land Rent Taxes in State and Local Tax
Reforms},
Publisher = {Lincoln Institute Working Paper},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {This paper develops a general equilibrium model of an
economy that produces output using capital, labor and land
as inputs. It further develops an approach that allows
specific parameters in the model to be matched to data in
such a way as to ensure that the model can replicate
important economic realities in different settings and under
different initial tax systems. This model is then applied to
the U.S. states. Each state's, as well as an "average"
state's, economic conditions and tax system are thus formed
into a separate model, and policy simulations are performed
for each of these models in order to identify different
conditions under which reforms of different types are likely
to succeed economically and politically. Each reform that is
simulated involves an increase in taxes on unimproved land
rents sufficient to cover the shortfall in tax revenues from
a decrease in some distortionary tax on capital and/or
labor. Under plausible yet conservative assumptions, large
tax reforms that eliminate entire classes of distortionary
taxes are found to be economically feasible in virtually all
states, although prospects for such reforms are clearly
better in some states than in others. Generally, reforms are
most likely to succeed in states with high per capital
taxes, low per capita incomes and in which reforms emphasize
decreasing state and local taxes on capital rather than on
labor: taxes such as corporate income or property taxes. In
addition, the paper considers the political feasibility of
such reforms by focusing on the likely impact on land values
and thus land owners. Under plausible assumptions, reforms
that lower taxation of capital result in either INCREASES in
land values or only modest declines, while reforms that
lower taxes on labor lead to more substantial drops in land
values. Finally, reforms of this kind are shown to hold more
modest promise when states are assumed to conduct them
simultaneously rather than in isolation.},
Key = {fds324984}
}
@misc{fds324983,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Introducing School Choice into Multi-District Public School
Systems},
Booktitle = {The Economics of School Choice},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Caroline Hoxby},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {Predicting the impact of school finance and school choice
policies is complicated in large part because of the
multitude of household choices that are simultaneously
influenced within a general equilibrium setting. Parents
choose which neighborhoods in which school districts to
reside in, which schools - public or private - to send their
children to, and how to participate in political process
that affects education policies. As a result of these
choices, property values and therefore budget sets change as
different policies are introduced, and the nature of schools
changes as inputs - including different mixes of children
and parents - change. Furthermore, school administrators in
both private and public schools may change their behavior
under different institutional arrangements. The purpose of
this paper is therefore to shed light on how school choice
policies change opportunities faced by different types of
households and their children as the general equilibrium
forces unfold. The analysis employs general equilibrium
simulations to accomplish this. These simulations are
derived from a three-district model of low, middle and
high-income school districts (calibrated to New York data)
with housing stocks that vary within and across districts.
The advantage of this approach is that, rather than starting
from an abstract and idealized public school system, it
allows the analysis to proceed from a base model that
replicates the actual stylized facts that emerge from the
data - including public school systems with wide
inter-district variations of school quality, communities
with housing stocks similar to those observed in the data,
etc. Furthermore, the data are used to infer specific
parameters in behavioral equations, parameters that are
consistent with the present state of the world. Policies
then unfold in the model under the assumptions that
household responses will be consistent with these
parameters. Previous analysis conducted with this model has
yielded a variety of insights regarding the impact of
various public school finance systems, the potential role of
peer effects, and the likely role of different types of
voucher policies. This analysis with respect to school
choice is extended in this paper by considering potential
school responses to increased competition as well as
deriving testable implications regarding families that
differ in income and in the number of children in the
household.},
Key = {fds324983}
}
@article{fds304428,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Social approval, values, and AFDC: A reexamination of the
illegitimacy debate},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {109},
Number = {3},
Pages = {637-672},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1986 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper models the fertility decision of individuals who
differ in their wage rate and their intensity of preferences
for rearing children, and whose utility of having a child
out of wedlock depends on the level of "social approval"
associated with doing so. This social approval in turn is a
function of the fraction of individuals in previous
generations that chose to have children out of wedlock. The
model is a straightforward extension of the typical rational
choice model that motivates much of the empirical
literature-a literature that has cast doubt on a strong link
between AFDC and illegitimacy. However, the model introduces
elements from epidemic models that many have in mind when
arguing for such a link. As a result, the predictions of
this extended model are consistent with empirical findings
while at the same time linking the rise in illegitimacy
solely to government welfare programs. Specifically, a
program similar to AFDC is introduced into an economy with
low illegitimacy rates, and a transition path to a new
steady state is calculated. Along the transition path,
observed cases of illegitimacy are rising among both the
poor and nonpoor despite the fact that AFDC payments are
held constant or even falling. The simultaneous trends of
declining real welfare benefits and rising illegitimacy over
the past two and a half decades are therefore not
inconsistent with the view that illegitimacy might be caused
primarily by government welfare policies. Although this
paper certainly does not claim to prove such a link, it does
suggest that current empirical approaches have been focused
too much on an artificially narrow model and have thus given
rise to results that can be differently interpreted in the
context of a more natural model. At the same time, the model
also suggests that welfare reform aimed at reducing the
incentives for poor women to have out-of-wedlock births may
not be as effective as policy makers who believe in a causal
link between AFDC and illegitimacy might
suspect.},
Doi = {10.1086/321020},
Key = {fds304428}
}
@misc{fds324985,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {The benefit view and the new view - Where do we stand,
twenty-five years into the debate?},
Journal = {PROPERTY TAXATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE},
Pages = {113-121},
Publisher = {LINCOLN INST LAND POLICY},
Editor = {Oates, WE},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-55844-144-1},
Key = {fds324985}
}
@article{fds10936,
Author = {George R. Zodrow},
Title = {State Sales and Income Taxes: An Economic
Analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds10936}
}
@misc{fds21270,
Author = {T. Nechyba and Thomas MaCurdy},
Title = {How Does a Community's Demographic Composition Alter Its
Fiscal Burdens?},
Pages = {101-148},
Booktitle = {Demographic Change and Fiscal Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {A. Auerbach and R. Lee},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds21270}
}
@article{fds324987,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Social welfare and individual responsibility},
Journal = {ECONOMICS AND PHILOSOPHY},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {361-368},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds324987}
}
@article{fds238531,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Mobility, targeting, and private-school vouchers},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {90},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-146},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2085 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper uses general-equilibrium simulations to explore
the role of residential mobility in shaping the impact of
different private-school voucher policies. The simulations
are derived from a three-district model of low-, middle-,
and high-income school districts (calibrated to New York
data) with housing stocks that vary within and across
districts. In this model, it is demonstrated that
school-district targeted vouchers are similar in their
impact to nontargeted vouchers but vastly different from
vouchers targeted to low-income households. Furthermore,
strong migration effects are shown to significantly improve
the likely equity consequences of voucher
programs.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.90.1.130},
Key = {fds238531}
}
@misc{fds21273,
Author = {M. Heise and T. Nechyba},
Title = {School Finance Reform: Introducing the Choice
Factor},
Booktitle = {City Schools: Lessons from New York},
Publisher = {John Hopkins University Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds21273}
}
@article{fds238539,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {School finance induced migration and stratification
patterns: The impact of private school vouchers},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economic Theory},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-50},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1097-3923.00002},
Abstract = {This paper introduces a general equilibrium model of public
school finance that includes: (i) multiple school districts
that finance local public schools via property taxes set by
majority vote; (ii) multiple neighborhoods within school
districts where each neighborhood is characterized by a
quality level of housing; (iii) local public schools that
are obligated to admit all interested students who reside
within the school district; (iv) private schools that
function as clubs of parents who share the cost of the
private school equally and who can choose to exclude others;
(v) an educational production process that depends on both
per pupil spending and average peer quality within the
school; and (vi) individual peer quality levels that are
correlated with the socioeconomic status of households.
Since it allows for various degrees of imperfect
stratification of residents across communities, the model is
well suited for investigating empirically relevant migration
forces induced by school finance reform proposals. The
abstract model itself, however, is too complex to yield many
analytic results. A computational counterpart to the model
is therefore developed, calibrated to data, and utilized for
policy experiments. In particular, the impact of vouchers in
the context of different types of prevoucher educational
finance systems is investigated, and it is found that
migration patterns in general would cause vouchers to
benefit public schools in poor communities while hurting
public schools in wealthy communities. © 1999 Blackwell
Publishers, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/1097-3923.00002},
Key = {fds238539}
}
@article{fds324988,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {A Model of Multiple Districts and Private Schools: the Role
of Mobility, Targeting, and Private School
Vouchers},
Publisher = {NBER working paper #7239},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds324988}
}
@book{fds18276,
Author = {T. Nechyba and D. Older-Aguilar and Patrick
McEwan},
Title = {The Effect of Family and Community Resources on Education
Outcomes},
Publisher = {New Zealand Government, Ministry of Education},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds18276}
}
@article{fds10938,
Author = {Helen Ladd},
Title = {Local Government Tax and Land Use Policies in the United
States: Understanding the Links},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {29},
Pages = {547-52},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds10938}
}
@article{fds238538,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ and Strauss, RP},
Title = {Community choice and local public services: A discrete
choice approach},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-73},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0462(97)00013-6},
Abstract = {This paper uses a discrete choice approach to estimate the
impact of local fiscal and other variables on individual
community choices. It employs a combination of a unique
micro data set composed of 90% of all homeowners in six
school districts in Camden County, New Jersey and
information on local community characteristics including
local crime rates, commercial activity and distance from a
metropolitan area. The empirical model implies that all
these variables as well as the local per pupil spending on
public education and 'community entry prices' play a major
part in explaining the location of individual households. ©
1998 Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0166-0462(97)00013-6},
Key = {fds238538}
}
@misc{fds324989,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Replacing capital taxes with land taxes: Efficiency and
distributional implications with an application to the
United States economy},
Journal = {LAND VALUE TAXATION},
Pages = {183-204},
Publisher = {LINCOLN INST LAND POLICY},
Editor = {Netzer, D},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {1-55844-133-6},
Key = {fds324989}
}
@misc{fds324990,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Public school finance and vouchers in a general equilibrium
Tiebout world},
Journal = {90TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON TAXATION, PROCEEDINGS},
Pages = {119-125},
Publisher = {NATIONAL TAX ASSOCIATION},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324990}
}
@misc{fds21275,
Author = {T. MaCurdy and T. Nechyba and J. Battacharaya},
Title = {An Economic Framework for Assessing the Fiscal Impact of
Immigration},
Booktitle = {The Immigration Debate: Studies on the Economic, Demographic
and Fiscal Effects of Immigration},
Publisher = {National Academy Press},
Editor = {J. Smith and B. Edmonston},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds21275}
}
@misc{fds21277,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {Replacing Capital Taxes with Land Taxes: Efficiency and
Distributional Implications with an Application to the
US},
Booktitle = {Land Value Taxation: Can It and Will It Work
Today},
Publisher = {Lincoln Institute Press},
Editor = {D. Netzer},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds21277}
}
@misc{fds339516,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {The Economics of Education: Vouchers and Peer Group
Effects},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {Lessons from the history of US school reforms and empirical
analysis have painted a picture of schools as complex
institutions producing a product that is influenced by the
various choices made by parents and school bureaucracies who
respond to institutional incentives. School vouchers change
the incentives faced by these agents. This paper finds that
when parents can choose schooling independent of housing,
greater residential integration results, which brings with
it much better equity properties than a more simple analysis
would imply. While the fears by some that schools will
become increasingly differentiated under voucher policies
are well founded, this greater differentiation does not have
to imply greater inequities in educational opportunities. In
fact, under some plausible scenarios, the greater
differentiation of schools leads to greater equity and
greater efficiency in both public and private
schooling.},
Key = {fds339516}
}
@article{fds324991,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Competitive governments: An economic theory of politics and
public finance - Breton,A},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2062-2064},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds324991}
}
@article{fds238536,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Local property and state income taxes: The role of
interjurisdictional competition and collusion},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {105},
Number = {2},
Pages = {351-384},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2064 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper addresses two long-standing positive questions in
public finance: (i) Why is the property tax, despite
widespread popular complaints against its fairness, the
almost exclusive tax instrument used by local governments,
and (ii) why do we consistently observe higher levels of
governments (states) undermining local property tax systems
through income tax-funded grants and state-imposed caps on
local property tax rates? A new intuitive argument to
explain question i is presented and tested in simulations
using a computable general equilibrium model with parameters
set to be consistent with New Jersey data. Both the
intuitive argument and the simulation results indicate that
setting local income tax rates to zero is a dominant
strategy for community planners. When faced with popular
sentiment against the property tax, community planners can
collude and introduce local income taxes simultaneously to
prevent adverse general equilibrium migration and price
changes. Since zero income tax rates are dominant
strategies, however, such an agreement is enforceable only
if an outsider such as the state government steps in. The
institution of state grants funded through a state income
tax can play such an enforcement role.},
Doi = {10.1086/262076},
Key = {fds238536}
}
@article{fds238537,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Existence of equilibrium and stratification in local and
hierarchical Tiebout economies with property taxes and
voting},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-304},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001990050158},
Abstract = {This paper present the first fully closed general
equilibrium model of hierarchical and local public goods
economies with the following features: (i) multiple agent
types who are endowed with both some amount of private good
(income) and a house, who are mobile between houses and
jurisdictions, and who vote in local and national elections;
(ii) multiple communities that finance a local public good
through property taxes which are set in accordance with
absolute majority rule; and (iii) a national government that
produces a national public good financed through an income
tax whose level is determined through majority rule voting.
In contrast to previous models, no overly restrictive
assumptions on preferences and technologies are required to
prove the existence of an equilibrium in the presence of
property taxation and voting. Thus, the existence of an
equilibrium is proved without any of the major restrictions
used in the past, and sufficient conditons for
stratification of agents into communities based on their
public good preferences and their wealth levels are found.
This model lays the groundwork for a positive applied
analysis of local public finance and intergovernmental
relations. It furthermore builds the foundation for the
first parameterized computable general equilibrium model of
local public goods and fiscal federalism.},
Doi = {10.1007/s001990050158},
Key = {fds238537}
}
@misc{fds21278,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {Computable General Equilibrium in Local Public Finance and
Fiscal Federalism: Applications to Local Taxation,
Intergovernmental Aid and Educational Vouchers},
Booktitle = {Fiscal Aspects of Evolving Federations},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {D. Wildasin},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds21278}
}
@misc{fds21281,
Author = {R. McKinnon and T. Nechyba},
Title = {Tax Competition in Federal Systems: Political Accountability
and Financial Constraints},
Booktitle = {The New Federalism: Can the States be Trusted},
Publisher = {Hoover Institution Press},
Editor = {J. Ferejohn and B. Weingast},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds21281}
}
@article{fds324992,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Public School Finance in a General Equilibrium Tiebout
World: Equalization Programs, Peer Effects and Private
School Vouchers},
Publisher = {NBER working paper #5642},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324992}
}
@article{fds238534,
Author = {Nechyba, T},
Title = {Fiscal Federalism and Local Public Finance: A Computable
General Equilibrium (CGE) Framework},
Journal = {International Tax and Public Finance},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {215-231},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399911},
Abstract = {This paper attempts to make an argument for the feasibility
and usefulness of a computable general equilibrium approach
to studying fiscal federalism and local public finance. It
begins by presenting a general model of fiscal federalism
that has at its base a local public goods model with (1)
multiple types of mobile agents who are endowed with
preferences, private good endowments, and land endowments,
(2) local governments that produce local public goods funded
by a property tax, and (3) a land market that capitalizes
local policies to equilibrate supply and demand. To this, a
state (or national) government producing a state public good
is added, and all levels of government abide by majority
rule voting. A computable general equilibrium framework is
derived from this theoretical model and calibrated to New
Jersey micro tax data. It has been applied elsewhere to
study the dominance of property in local tax bases as well
as the general equilibrium effects of state or national
intergovernmental programs such as redistributive grants in
aid, district power equalization, and the deducibility of
local taxes. Results in these areas are summarized and
potential future applications discussed.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00399911},
Key = {fds238534}
}
@article{fds238535,
Author = {Nechyba, T},
Title = {A computable general equilibrium model of intergovernmental
aid},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {3},
Pages = {363-397},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)01565-5},
Abstract = {This paper introduces a theoretical and a calibrated
computable general equilibrium model of intergovernmental
relations in which heterogeneous agents (i) are endowed with
income and houses, (ii) are fully mobile between multiple
jurisdictions, and (iii) vote in both local and state
elections to determine local property and state income tax
rates. Three different types of intergovernmental programs
are analyzed: (i) redistributive revenue sharing, (ii)
district power equalization and (iii) deductibility of local
taxes. The approach facilitates a heretofore difficult
comparative analysis in that it provides for an integrated
investigation of these programs in a single general
equilibrium model.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(95)01565-5},
Key = {fds238535}
}
@misc{fds324995,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {Fiscal federalism and local public finance: A general
equilibrium approach with voting},
Journal = {1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON
TAXATION},
Pages = {136-141},
Publisher = {NATL TAX ASSOC-TAX INST AMER},
Editor = {Stocker, FD},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324995}
}
@article{fds23543,
Author = {T. Nechyba},
Title = {Fiscal Federalims and Local Public Finance: A General
Equilibrium Approach with Voting},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 86th Annual Conference of the National
Tax Association},
Pages = {136-141},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds23543}
}
@misc{fds23549,
Author = {T.J. Nechyba},
Title = {"Block Grants, Matching Grants and the 'Flypaper Effect':
The Role of Local and State/National Tax
Bases"},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds23549}
}
@article{fds238533,
Author = {Nechyba, TJ},
Title = {The Southern wage gap, human capital and the quality of
education},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {57},
Number = {2},
Pages = {308-322},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1060612},
Abstract = {Much of the literature on the racial wage gap in the US has
focused on the importance of differences in human capital.
The racial difference in school quality has been large but
has diminished over time. Research indicates that in the
years from 1920 to 1940, an average of 28% of the racial
literacy gap can be explained by race differences in school
inputs. The desegregation of schools, begun in 1954,
accelerated the gradual convergence in the quality of white
and black education. I examine 15 Southern states which had
data on the segregated white and black school systems. I
have attempted to link the demonstrated lower quality of
education during segregation in the South to the persistent
Southern wage gap. In addition I have tried to establish a
role for educational quality in the rapid increase in the
Southern black to white income ratios over the last few
decades. While the quality of education is my main concern
in this study, I have also controlled for other important
Southern economic trends that have been demonstrated to have
had a clear impact on Southern wages. The findings of this
study are two-fold: episodic trends in the Southern wage gap
are partially explained by periods of market disequilibria,
while new evidence is found that the inferior quality of
black schools during segregation has significantly hampered
a full black/white income parity. -from Author},
Doi = {10.2307/1060612},
Key = {fds238533}
}
%% Newell, Richard G.
@article{fds365722,
Author = {Rennert, K and Errickson, F and Prest, BC and Rennels, L and Newell, RG and Pizer, W and Kingdon, C and Wingenroth, J and Cooke, R and Parthum, B and Smith, D and Cromar, K and Diaz, D and Moore, FC and Müller, UK and Plevin, RJ and Raftery, AE and Ševčíková, H and Sheets, H and Stock,
JH and Tan, T and Watson, M and Wong, TE and Anthoff,
D},
Title = {Comprehensive evidence implies a higher social cost of
CO2.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {610},
Number = {7933},
Pages = {687-692},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05224-9},
Abstract = {The social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO<sub>2</sub>)
measures the monetized value of the damages to society
caused by an incremental metric tonne of CO<sub>2</sub>
emissions and is a key metric informing climate policy. Used
by governments and other decision-makers in benefit-cost
analysis for over a decade, SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates draw
on climate science, economics, demography and other
disciplines. However, a 2017 report by the US National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine<sup>1</sup>
(NASEM) highlighted that current SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates
no longer reflect the latest research. The report provided a
series of recommendations for improving the scientific
basis, transparency and uncertainty characterization of
SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates. Here we show that improved
probabilistic socioeconomic projections, climate models,
damage functions, and discounting methods that collectively
reflect theoretically consistent valuation of risk,
substantially increase estimates of the SC-CO<sub>2</sub>.
Our preferred mean SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimate is $185 per
tonne of CO<sub>2</sub> ($44-$413 per tCO<sub>2</sub>:
5%-95% range, 2020 US dollars) at a near-term risk-free
discount rate of 2%, a value 3.6 times higher than the US
government's current value of $51 per tCO<sub>2</sub>. Our
estimates incorporate updated scientific understanding
throughout all components of SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimation in
the new open-source Greenhouse Gas Impact Value Estimator
(GIVE) model, in a manner fully responsive to the near-term
NASEM recommendations. Our higher SC-CO<sub>2</sub> values,
compared with estimates currently used in policy evaluation,
substantially increase the estimated benefits of greenhouse
gas mitigation and thereby increase the expected net
benefits of more stringent climate policies.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-05224-9},
Key = {fds365722}
}
@article{fds365158,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Prest, BC},
Title = {A discounting rule for the social cost of
carbon},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {9},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1017-1046},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/718145},
Abstract = {We develop a discounting rule for estimating the social cost
of carbon (SCC) given uncertain economic growth. Diminishing
marginal utility of income implies a relationship between
the discount rate term structure and economic growth
uncertainty. In the classic Ramsey framework, this
relationship is governed by parameters reflecting pure time
preference and the elasticity of the marginal utility of
consumption, yet disagreement remains about the values of
these parameters. We calibrate these parameters to match
empirical evidence on both the future interest rate term
structure and economic growth uncertainty, while also
maintaining consistency with discount rates used for
shorter-term benefit-cost analysis. Such an integrated
approach is crucial amid growth uncertainty, where growth is
also a key determinant of climate damages. This results in
an empirically driven, stochastic discounting rule to be
used in estimating the SCC that also accounts for the
correlation between climate damage estimates and discount
rates.},
Doi = {10.1086/718145},
Key = {fds365158}
}
@article{fds364287,
Author = {Rennert, K and Prest, BC and Pizer, WA and Newell, RG and Anthoff, D and Kingdon, C and Rennels, L and Cooke, R and Raftery, AE and Ševčíková, H and Errickson, F},
Title = {The Social Cost of Carbon: Advances in Long-Term
Probabilistic Projections of Population, GDP, Emissions, and
Discount Rates},
Journal = {Brookings Papers on Economic Activity},
Volume = {2021-Fall},
Pages = {223-305},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eca.2022.0003},
Abstract = {The social cost of carbon (SCC) is a crucial metric for
inform-ing climate policy, most notably for guiding climate
regulations issued by the US government. Characterization of
uncertainty and transparency of assump-tions are critical
for supporting such an influential metric. Challenges
inherent to SCC estimation push the boundaries of typical
analytical techniques and require augmented approaches to
assess uncertainty, raising important considerations for
discounting. This paper addresses the challenges of
projecting very long-term economic growth, population, and
greenhouse gas emissions, as well as cali-bration of
discounting parameters for consistency with those
projections. Our work improves on alternative approaches,
such as nonprobabilistic scenarios and constant discounting,
that have been used by the government but do not fully
characterize the uncertainty distribution of fully
probabilistic model input data or corresponding SCC estimate
outputs. Incorporating the full range of economic
uncertainty in the social cost of carbon underscores the
importance of adopting a stochastic discounting approach to
account for uncertainty in an integrated
manner.},
Doi = {10.1353/eca.2022.0003},
Key = {fds364287}
}
@article{fds356873,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, BC and Sexton, SE},
Title = {The GDP-Temperature relationship: Implications for climate
change damages},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {108},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102445},
Abstract = {Econometric models of temperature impacts on GDP are
increasingly used to inform global warming damage
assessments. But theory does not prescribe estimable forms
of this relationship. By estimating 800 plausible
specifications of the temperature-GDP relationship, we
demonstrate that a wide variety of models are statistically
indistinguishable in their out-of-sample performance,
including models that exclude any temperature effect. This
full set of models, however, implies a wide range of climate
change impacts by 2100, yielding considerable model
uncertainty. The uncertainty is greatest for models that
specify effects of temperature on GDP growth that accumulate
over time; the 95% confidence interval that accounts for
both sampling and model uncertainty across the
best-performing models ranges from 84% GDP losses to 359%
gains. Models of GDP levels effects yield a much narrower
distribution of GDP impacts centered around 1–3% losses,
consistent with damage functions of major integrated
assessment models. Further, models that incorporate lagged
temperature effects are indicative of impacts on GDP levels
rather than GDP growth. We identify statistically
significant marginal effects of temperature on poor country
GDP and agricultural production, but not rich country GDP,
non-agricultural production, or GDP growth.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102445},
Key = {fds356873}
}
@article{fds342154,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {U.S. federal government subsidies for clean energy: Design
choices and implications},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {80},
Pages = {831-841},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.02.018},
Abstract = {Subsidies for clean energy deployment have become a major
component of U.S. federal energy and climate policy. After a
surge in spending under the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009, they are an even larger component
but now face increased scrutiny. Given their lasting
presence, how does one design these subsidies to be as
cost-effective as possible? Surprisingly, the conceptual
framework and empirical evidence available to help
policymakers identify which subsidies generate the most
“bang for the buck” are limited. To help answer this
question, we begin with an overview of the justifications
for, and the arguments against, subsidizing clean energy
technologies. Next, we briefly describe major subsidies.
Finally, we summarize key design choices, suggesting an
increased focus on upfront cash payments for physical
outcomes such as capacity. This contrasts with the
considerable focus on tax credits, loan guarantees,
production, and cost-based subsidies which have been more
prominent to date.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2019.02.018},
Key = {fds342154}
}
@article{fds330725,
Author = {Cao, J and Ho, MS and Li, Y and Newell, RG and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Chinese residential electricity consumption: Estimation and
forecast using micro-data},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {56},
Pages = {6-27},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2017.10.003},
Abstract = {Based on econometric estimation using data from the Chinese
Urban Household Survey, we develop a preferred forecast
range of 85–143 percent growth in residential per capita
electricity demand over 2009–2025. Our analysis suggests
that per capita income growth drives a 43% increase, with
the remainder due to an unexplained time trend. Roughly
one-third of the income-driven demand comes from increases
in the stock of specific major appliances, particularly AC
units. The other two-thirds comes from non-specific sources
of income-driven growth and is based on an estimated income
elasticity that falls from 0.28 to 0.11 as income rises.
While the stock of refrigerators is not projected to
increase, we find that they contribute nearly 20 percent of
household electricity demand. Alternative plausible time
trend assumptions are responsible for the wide range of
85–143 percent. Meanwhile we estimate a price elasticity
of demand of −0.7. These estimates point to carbon pricing
and appliance efficiency policies that could substantially
reduce demand.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2017.10.003},
Key = {fds330725}
}
@article{fds333902,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, BC},
Title = {The unconventional oil supply boom: Aggregate price response
from microdata},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1-30},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/01956574.40.3.rnew},
Abstract = {We analyze the price responsiveness of U.S. conventional and
unconventional oil supply across three key stages of oil
production: Drilling, completion, and production. Drilling
is the most important margin, with price elasticities of 1.3
and 1.6 for conventional and unconventional drilling
respectively. Well productivity declines as prices rise,
implying smaller net supply elasticities of about 1.1 and
1.2. Despite similar supply elasticities, the price response
of unconventional supply is larger in terms of barrels
because of much higher production per well (∼10x
initially). Oil supply simulations show a 13-fold larger
supply response due to the shale revolution. The simulations
suggest that a price rise from $50 to $80 per barrel induces
incremental U.S. production of 0.6MM barrels per day in 6
months, 1.4MM in 1 year, 2.4MM in 2 years, and 4.2MM in 5
years. Nonetheless, the response takes much longer than the
30 to 90 days than typically associated with the role of
'swing producer'.},
Doi = {10.5547/01956574.40.3.rnew},
Key = {fds333902}
}
@article{fds333535,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {The fiscal impacts of increased U.S. oil and gas development
on local governments},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {117},
Pages = {14-24},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.02.042},
Abstract = {Increased US oil and gas production has created
opportunities and challenges for local governments. Through
interviews with roughly 250 local officials, we evaluate the
fiscal effects of this development in 21 regions across
every major US oil and gas producing state during “boom”
and “bust” periods. Growing oil and gas production has
increased local government revenues through a variety of
mechanisms, including property taxes, sales taxes, severance
taxes, and more. Industry activity has also increased costs
and demand for local services led by road damage, water and
wastewater infrastructure, and a range of staff costs
including emergency services and law enforcement. Despite
volatility in revenues and service demands, our interview
results show that 74% of local governments have experienced
net fiscal benefits, 14% reported roughly neutral effects,
and 12% reported net fiscal costs. Local governments in
highly rural regions experiencing large-scale growth have
faced the greatest challenges. To further improve future
outcomes, local officials can plan for impacts, state
policymakers can re-examine revenue policies, and operators
can pursue collaboration with local governments.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2018.02.042},
Key = {fds333535}
}
@article{fds333908,
Author = {Bielen, DA and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Who did the ethanol tax credit benefit? An event analysis of
subsidy incidence},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {161},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.03.005},
Abstract = {At the end of 2011, the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit
(VEETC), which had subsidized the blending of ethanol in
gasoline, was allowed to expire. During its tenure, the
subsidy was the subject of intense scrutiny concerning who
benefited from its existence. Using commodity price data, we
estimate the subsidy incidence accruing to corn farmers,
ethanol producers, gasoline blenders, and gasoline consumers
around the time of expiration. Our empirical approach
contributes methodologically to the event studies literature
by analyzing futures contract prices (as opposed to spot
prices) when possible. Ultimately, we find compelling
evidence that, at the date of VEETC expiration, ethanol
producers captured about 25¢ of the 45¢ subsidy per gallon
of ethanol blended. We find suggestive, albeit inconclusive,
evidence that a portion of this benefit (about 5¢ per
gallon) was passed further upstream from ethanol producers
to corn farmers. Most of the remainder seems most likely to
have been captured by the blenders themselves. On the
petroleum side, we find no evidence that oil refiners
captured any part of the subsidy. We also find no evidence
that the subsidy was passed downstream to gasoline consumers
in the form of lower gasoline prices.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.03.005},
Key = {fds333908}
}
@article{fds267050,
Author = {Kerr, S and Newell, RG},
Title = {Policy-induced technology adoption: Evidence from the U.S.
lead phasedown},
Pages = {193-219},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815388227},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351161084-11},
Abstract = {Theory suggests that economic instruments, such as pollution
taxes or tradable permits, can provide more efficient
technology adoption incentives than conventional regulatory
standards. We explore this issue for an important industry
undergoing dramatic decreases in allowed pollution - the
U.S. petroleum industry’s phasedown of lead in gasoline.
Using a duration model applied to a panel of refineries from
1971-1995, we find that the pattern of technology adoption
is consistent with an economic response to market
incentives, plant characteristics, and alternative policies.
Importantly, evidence suggests that the tradable permit
system used during the phasedown provided incentives for
more efficient technology adoption decisions.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781351161084-11},
Key = {fds267050}
}
@article{fds330723,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {US state and local oil and gas revenue sources and
uses},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {112},
Pages = {12-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.10.002},
Abstract = {US state and local governments generate revenues from oil
and gas production through a variety of mechanisms. In this
paper, we quantify four leading sources: (1) state taxes
levied on the value or volume of oil and gas produced; (2)
local property taxes levied on the value of oil and gas
property; (3) oil and gas lease revenues from state lands;
and (4) oil and gas lease revenues from federal lands. We
measure these revenues against the total value of oil and
gas produced in the top 16 oil- and gas-producing states
using fiscal year 2013 as a benchmark. On average, state and
local governments collect roughly 10% of oil and gas
revenue, ranging from a low of roughly 1% to a high of
nearly 40% (not including income taxes). We also assess the
use of these revenues, finding that there is substantial
variation among states. The largest shares of revenue flow
to state governments’ current expenditures and education,
followed by local governments. Some states also allocate a
portion of oil and gas revenues to trust funds endowing
future government operations and/or education
expenditures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2017.10.002},
Key = {fds330723}
}
@misc{fds332954,
Author = {Huang, B and Knox, M and Bradbury, K and Collins, LM and Newell,
RG},
Title = {Non-intrusive load monitoring system performance over a
range of low frequency sampling rates},
Journal = {2017 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy
Research and Applications, Icrera 2017},
Volume = {2017-January},
Pages = {505-509},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781538620953},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICRERA.2017.8191111},
Abstract = {Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) systems estimate the
amount of energy each appliance consumes using as input the
aggregate building energy consumption. Typically, NILM
results are presented for a single sampling rate. To
evaluate tradeoffs between end-uses and sensor costs, it is
important to study the performance of NILM systems across
sampling rates. In this work, we examine the performance of
two NILM systems over a range of low frequency sampling
rates on two datasets. Our results empirically demonstrate
how NILM classification performance degrades nonlinearly as
the sampling rate decreases and how varied this degradation
is across appliance types. The results also suggest that
reporting algorithm accuracy for a single sampling rate may
not be sufficient for thorough algorithm performance
evaluation. These findings can assist policy and decision
makers in identifying the right smart meter hardware to meet
appliance-level energy efficiency and building automation
goals.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICRERA.2017.8191111},
Key = {fds332954}
}
@article{fds267085,
Author = {Gerarden, TD and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Assessing the energy-efficiency gap},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1486-1525},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161360},
Abstract = {Energy-efficient technologies offer considerable promise for
reducing the financial costs and environmental damages
associated with energy use, but it has long been observed
that these technologies may not be adopted by individuals
and firms to the degree that might be justified, even on a
purely financial basis. We survey the relevant literature on
this "energy-efficiency gap" by presenting two complementary
frameworks. First, we divide potential explanations for the
energy-efficiency gap into three categories: market
failures, behavioral explanations, and model and measurement
errors. Second, we organize previous research in terms of
the fundamental elements of cost-minimizing
energy-efficiency decisions. This provides a decomposition
that organizes thinking around four questions. First, are
product offerings and pricing economically efficient?
Second, are energy operating costs inefficiently priced
and/or understood? Third, are product choices cost
minimizing in present value terms? Fourth, do other costs
inhibit more energy-efficient decisions? We synthesize
academic research on these questions, with an emphasis on
recent empirical findings, and offer suggestions for future
research. ( JEL D24, D82, L94, L98, O33, Q41,
Q48).},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20161360},
Key = {fds267085}
}
@article{fds347655,
Author = {Fischer, C and Preonas, L and Newell, RG},
Title = {Environmental and technology policy options in the
electricity sector: Are we deploying too
many?},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {959-984},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/692507},
Abstract = {Myriad policy measures aim to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions from the electricity sector, promote generation
from renewable sources, and encourage energy efficiency
(EE). Prior literature has argued that overlapping policies
reduce the efficiency of emissions markets, absent other
market failures. We extend the model of Fischer and Newell
to incorporate knowledge spillovers for both advanced and
conventional renewable energy technologies, as well as
imperfections in demand for EE investments. EE
undervaluation can justify interventions and raises the
importance of fully pricing the social costs of electricity,
making policies (like renewable subsidies) that lower
electricity prices less desirable. Innovation market
failures justify some technology policies, particularly
correcting R&D incentives, but aggressive deployment
policies seem unlikely to enhance welfare when placed
alongside sufficient emissions pricing. Even with multiple
market failures, emissions pricing remains the most
cost-effective option for reducing emissions. However,
technology-oriented policies can involve less redistribution
of surplus.},
Doi = {10.1086/692507},
Key = {fds347655}
}
@misc{fds351202,
Author = {Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Climate change and forest sinks: Factors affecting the costs
of carbon sequestration},
Pages = {321-345},
Booktitle = {Climate Change},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780815388081},
Abstract = {The possibility of encouraging the growth of forests as a
means of sequestering carbon dioxide has received
considerable attention, partly because of evidence that this
can be a relatively inexpensive means of combating climate
change. But how sensitive are such estimates to specific
conditions? We examine the sensitivity of carbon
sequestration costs to changes in critical factors,
including the nature of management and deforestation
regimes, silvicultural species, relative prices, and
discount rates.},
Key = {fds351202}
}
@article{fds333900,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, B},
Title = {Informing SPR Policy Through Oil Futures and Inventory
Dynamics},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds333900}
}
@article{fds333901,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, B},
Title = {Informing SPR Policy Through Oil Futures and Inventory
Dynamics},
Journal = {Ssrn Electronic Journal},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3094419},
Doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3094419},
Key = {fds333901}
}
@article{fds333903,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, B},
Title = {Is the US the New Swing Producer? The Price Responsiveness
of Tight Oil},
Journal = {Ssrn Electronic Journal},
Number = {17},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3093968},
Doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3093968},
Key = {fds333903}
}
@misc{fds330724,
Author = {Malof, JM and Bradbury, K and Collins, LM and Newell, RG and Serrano, A and Wu, H and Keene, S},
Title = {Image features for pixel-wise detection of solar
photovoltaic arrays in aerial imagery using a random forest
classifier},
Journal = {2016 Ieee International Conference on Renewable Energy
Research and Applications, Icrera 2016},
Pages = {799-803},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781509033881},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICRERA.2016.7884446},
Abstract = {Power generation from distributed solar photovoltaic (PV)
arrays has grown rapidly in recent years. As a result, there
is interest in collecting information about the quantity,
power capacity, and energy generated by such arrays; and to
do so over small geo-spatial regions (e.g., counties,
cities, or even smaller regions). Unfortunately, existing
sources of such information are dispersed, limited in
geospatial resolution, and otherwise incomplete or
publically unavailable. As result, we recently proposed a
new approach for collecting such distributed PV information
that relies on computer algorithms to automatically detect
PV arrays in high resolution aerial imagery [1], Here, we
build on this work by investigating a detection algorithm
based on a Random Forest (RF) classifier, and we consider
its detection performance using several different sets of
image features. The proposed method is developed and tested
using a very large collection of publicly available [2]
aerial imagery, covering 112.5 km2 of surface area, with
2,328 manually annotated PV array locations. The results
indicate that a combination of local color and texture
(using the popular texton feature) features yield the best
detection performance.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICRERA.2016.7884446},
Key = {fds330724}
}
@article{fds330013,
Author = {Bradbury, K and Saboo, R and Johnson, TL and Malof, JM and Devarajan, A and Zhang, W and Collins, LM and Newell, RG},
Title = {Distributed solar photovoltaic array location and extent
dataset for remote sensing object identification},
Journal = {Scientific Data},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {160106},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.106},
Abstract = {Earth-observing remote sensing data, including aerial
photography and satellite imagery, offer a snapshot of the
world from which we can learn about the state of natural
resources and the built environment. The components of
energy systems that are visible from above can be
automatically assessed with these remote sensing data when
processed with machine learning methods. Here, we focus on
the information gap in distributed solar photovoltaic (PV)
arrays, of which there is limited public data on solar PV
deployments at small geographic scales. We created a dataset
of solar PV arrays to initiate and develop the process of
automatically identifying solar PV locations using remote
sensing imagery. This dataset contains the geospatial
coordinates and border vertices for over 19,000 solar panels
across 601 high-resolution images from four cities in
California. Dataset applications include training object
detection and other machine learning algorithms that use
remote sensing imagery, developing specific algorithms for
predictive detection of distributed PV systems, estimating
installed PV capacity, and analysis of the socioeconomic
correlates of PV deployment.},
Doi = {10.1038/sdata.2016.106},
Key = {fds330013}
}
@article{fds330014,
Author = {Malof, JM and Bradbury, K and Collins, LM and Newell,
RG},
Title = {Automatic detection of solar photovoltaic arrays in high
resolution aerial imagery},
Journal = {Applied Energy},
Volume = {183},
Pages = {229-240},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.191},
Abstract = {The quantity of small scale solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays
in the United States has grown rapidly in recent years. As a
result, there is substantial interest in high quality
information about the quantity, power capacity, and energy
generated by such arrays, including at a high spatial
resolution (e.g., cities, counties, or other small regions).
Unfortunately, existing methods for obtaining this
information, such as surveys and utility interconnection
filings, are limited in their completeness and spatial
resolution. This work presents a computer algorithm that
automatically detects PV panels using very high resolution
color satellite imagery. The approach potentially offers a
fast, scalable method for obtaining accurate information on
PV array location and size, and at much higher spatial
resolutions than are currently available. The method is
validated using a very large (135 km2) collection of
publicly available (Bradbury et al., 2016) aerial imagery,
with over 2700 human annotated PV array locations. The
results demonstrate the algorithm is highly effective on a
per-pixel basis. It is likewise effective at object-level PV
array detection, but with significant potential for
improvement in estimating the precise shape/size of the PV
arrays. These results are the first of their kind for the
detection of solar PV in aerial imagery, demonstrating the
feasibility of the approach and establishing a baseline
performance for future investigations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.191},
Key = {fds330014}
}
@article{fds333904,
Author = {Raimi, D and Newell, RG},
Title = {US State and Local Oil and Gas Revenues},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds333904}
}
@article{fds333907,
Author = {Newell, RG and Prest, B and Vissing, A},
Title = {Trophy Hunting vs. Manufacturing Energy: The
Price-Responsiveness of Shale Gas},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds333907}
}
@article{fds361696,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Local government revenue from oil and gas
production},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Oil and gas production generates substantial revenue for
state and local governments. This report examines revenue
from oil and gas production flowing to local governments
through four mechanisms: (i) state taxes or fees on oil and
gas production; (ii) local property taxes on oil and gas
property; (iii) leasing of state-owned land; and (iv)
leasing of federally owned land. We examine every major oil-
and gas-producing state and find that the share of oil and
gas production value allocated to and collected by local
governments ranges widely, from 0.5 percent to more than 9
percent due to numerous policy differences among states.
School districts and trust funds endowing future school
operations tend to see the highest share of revenue,
followed by counties. Municipalities and other local
governments with more limited geographic boundaries tend to
receive smaller shares of oil and gas driven revenue. Some
states utilize grant programs to allocate revenue to where
impacts from the industry are greatest. Others send most
revenue to state operating or trust funds, with little
revenue earmarked specifically for local
governments.},
Key = {fds361696}
}
@article{fds361697,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Local fiscal effects of oil and gas development in eight
states},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Oil and gas production in the United States has increased
dramatically in the past 10 years. This growth has important
implications for local governments, which often see new
revenues from a variety of sources: property taxes on oil
and gas property, sales taxes driven by the oil and gas
workforce, allocations of state revenues from severance
taxes or state and federal leases, leases on local
government land, and contributions from oil and gas
companies to support local services. At the same time, local
governments tend to experience a range of new costs such as
road damage caused by heavy industry truck traffic,
increased demand for emergency services and law enforcement,
and challenges with workforce retention. This report
examines county and municipal fiscal effects in 14 oil- and
gas-producing regions of eight states: AK, CA, KS, OH, OK,
NM, UT, and WV. We find that for most local governments, oil
and gas development—whether new or longstanding—has a
positive effect on local public finances. However, effects
can vary substantially due to a variety of local factors and
policy issues. For some local governments, particularly
those in rural regions experiencing large increases in
development, revenues have not kept pace with rapidly
increased costs and demand for services, particularly on
road repair. Duke University Energy Initiative working
paper; May 2016.},
Key = {fds361697}
}
@article{fds361699,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Dunn County and Watford City, North Dakota: A case study of
the fiscal effects of Bakken shale development},
Publisher = {Duke University Energy Initiative},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {The Bakken region of North Dakota and Montana has
experienced perhaps the greatest effects of increased oil
and gas development in the United States, with major
implications for local governments. Though development of
the Bakken began in the early 2000s, large-scale drilling
and population growth dramatically affected the region from
roughly 2008 through today. This case study examines the
local government fiscal benefits and challenges experienced
by Dunn County and Watford City, which lie near the heart of
the producing region. For both local governments, the
initial growth phase presented major fiscal challenges due
to rapidly expanding service demands and insufficient
revenue. In the following years, these challenges eased as
demand for services slowed due to declining industry
activity and state tax policies redirected more funds to
localities. Looking forward, both local governments describe
their fiscal health as stronger because of the Bakken boom,
though higher debt loads and an economy heavily dependent on
the volatile oil and gas industry each pose challenges for
future fiscal stability.},
Key = {fds361699}
}
@article{fds361698,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Colorado's Piceance Basin: Variation in the local public
finance effects of oil and gas development},
Publisher = {Duke University Energy Initiative},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {A large increase in natural gas production occurred in
western Colorado’s Piceance basin in the mid- to
late-2000s, generating a surge in population, economic
activity, and heavy truck traffic in this rural region. We
describe the fiscal effects related to this development for
two county governments: Garfield and Rio Blanco, and two
city governments: Grand Junction and Rifle. Counties
maintain rural road networks in Colorado, and Garfield
County’s ability to fashion agreements with operators to
repair roads damaged during operations helped prevent the
types of large new costs seen in Rio Blanco County, a
neighboring county with less government capacity and where
such agreements were not made. Rifle and Grand Junction
experienced substantial oil- and gas-driven population
growth, with greater challenges in the smaller, more
isolated, and less economically diverse city of Rifle.
Lessons from this case study include the value of crafting
road maintenance agreements, fiscal risks for small and
geographically isolated communities experiencing rapid
population growth, challenges associated with limited
infrastructure, and the desirability of flexibility in the
allocation of oil- and gas-related revenue.},
Key = {fds361698}
}
@misc{fds330726,
Author = {Czarnek, N and Morton, K and Collins, L and Newell, R and Bradbury,
K},
Title = {Performance comparison framework for energy disaggregation
systems},
Journal = {2015 Ieee International Conference on Smart Grid
Communications, Smartgridcomm 2015},
Pages = {446-452},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781467382892},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2015.7436341},
Abstract = {Energy disaggregation algorithms decompose building-level
energy data into device-level information. We conduct a
head-To-head comparison of energy disaggregation techniques
across multiple metrics and data sets. Our framework for
analyzing the performance of a complete energy
disaggregation system includes event detection,
classification, and power assignment. We use receiver
operating characteristics (ROCs) to evaluate event detection
performance, and we introduce a technique to evaluate
device-level event detection. We use confusion matrices to
compare classification performance across several
classifiers, and evaluate the resulting power assignments
using several assignment metrics that are commonly used in
the literature to demonstrate the varying strengths of the
techniques that were considered. We apply this framework to
several publicly available datasets and demonstrate how
system performance varies with sampling frequency and the
inclusion of reactive power. Our results suggest that (1)
disaggregation performance varies considerably across data
sets (2) increased data sampling rate improves
disaggregation performance, and (3) additional features such
as reactive power yields disaggregation performance
improvements.},
Doi = {10.1109/SmartGridComm.2015.7436341},
Key = {fds330726}
}
@misc{fds330727,
Author = {Malof, JM and Collins, LM and Bradbury, K and Newell,
RG},
Title = {A deep convolutional neural network and a random forest
classifier for solar photovoltaic array detection in aerial
imagery},
Journal = {2016 Ieee International Conference on Renewable Energy
Research and Applications, Icrera 2016},
Pages = {650-654},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781509033881},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICRERA.2016.7884415},
Abstract = {Power generation from distributed solar photovoltaic PV
arrays has grown rapidly in recent years. As a result, there
is interest in collecting information about the quantity,
power capacity, and energy generated by such arrays; and to
do so over small geo-spatial regions (e.g., counties,
cities, or even smaller regions). Unfortunately, existing
sources of such information are dispersed, limited in
geospatial resolution, and otherwise incomplete or
publically unavailable. As result, we recently proposed a
new approach for collecting such distributed PV information
that relies on computer algorithms to automatically detect
PV arrays in high resolution aerial imagery [1], Here we
build on this work by investigating two machine learning
algorithms for PV array detection: a Random Forest
classifier (RF) [2] and a deep convolutional neural network
(CNN) [3]. We use the RF algorithm as a benchmark, or
baseline, for comparison with a CNN model. The two models
are developed and tested using a large collection of
publicly available [4] aerial imagery, covering 135 km2, and
including over 2,700 manually annotated distributed PV array
locations. The results indicate that the CNN substantially
improves over the RF. The CNN is capable of excellent
performance, detecting nearly 80% of true panels with a
precision measure of 72%.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICRERA.2016.7884415},
Key = {fds330727}
}
@misc{fds333909,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Oil and Gas Revenue Allocation to Local Governments in Eight
States},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds333909}
}
@article{fds267074,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Deconstructing the energy efficiency gap: Conceptual
frameworks and evidence},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {5},
Pages = {183-186},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10273 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20151012},
Key = {fds267074}
}
@article{fds267083,
Author = {Newell, RG and Siikamki, J},
Title = {Individual time preferences and energy efficiency},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {5},
Pages = {196-200},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10274 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20151010},
Key = {fds267083}
}
@article{fds267045,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Assessing the Energy-Efficiency Gap},
Journal = {Feem Working Paper},
Number = {035},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Energy-efficient technologies offer considerable promise for
reducing the financial costs and environmental damages
associated with energy use, but these technologies appear
not to be adopted by consumers and businesses to the degree
that would apparently be justified, even on a purely
financial basis. We present two complementary frameworks for
understanding this so-called “energy paradox” or
“energy-efficiency gap.” First, we build on the previous
literature by dividing potential explanations for the
energy-efficiency gap into three categories: market
failures, behavioral anomalies, and model and measurement
errors. Second, we posit that it is useful to think in terms
of the fundamental elements of cost-minimizing
energy-efficiency decisions. This provides a decomposition
that organizes thinking around four questions. First, are
product offerings and pricing economically efficient?
Second, are energy operating costs inefficiently priced
and/or understood? Third, are product choices
cost-minimizing in present value terms? Fourth, do other
costs inhibit more energy-efficient decisions? We review
empirical evidence on these questions, with an emphasis on
recent advances, and offer suggestions for future
research.},
Key = {fds267045}
}
@article{fds267076,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN and Stowe,
R},
Title = {An Assessment of the Energy-Efficiency Gap and Its
Implications for Climate Change Policy},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Improving end-use energy efficiency — that is, the
energy-efficiency of individuals, households, and firms as
they consume energy — is often cited as an important
element in efforts to reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions.
Arguments for improving energy efficiency usually rely on
the idea that energy-efficient technologies will save end
users money over time and thereby provide low-cost or
no-cost options for reducing GHG emissions. However, some
research suggests that energy-efficient technologies appear
not to be adopted by consumers and businesses to the degree
that would seem justified, even on a purely financial basis.
We review in this paper the evidence for a range of
explanations for this apparent “energy-efficiency gap.”
We find most explanations are grounded in sound economic
theory, but the strength of empirical support for these
explanations varies widely. Retrospective program
evaluations suggest the cost of GHG abatement varies
considerably across different energy-efficiency investments
and can diverge substantially from the predictions of
prospective models. Findings from research on the
energy-efficiency gap could help policy makers generate
social and private benefits from accelerating the diffusion
of energy-efficient technologies — including reduction of
GHG emissions.},
Key = {fds267076}
}
@misc{fds267042,
Author = {Newell, RG},
Title = {The role of energy technology policy alongside carbon
pricing},
Pages = {178-190},
Booktitle = {Implementing a US Carbon Tax: Challenges and
Debates},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9781138814158},
Key = {fds267042}
}
@article{fds267075,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Assessing the Energy-Efficiency Gap},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Energy-efficient technologies offer considerable promise for
reducing the financial costs and environmental damages
associated with energy use, but these technologies appear
not to be adopted by consumers and businesses to the degree
that would apparently be justified, even on a purely
financial basis. We present two complementary frameworks for
understanding this so-called “energy paradox” or
“energy-efficiency gap.” First, we build on the previous
literature by dividing potential explanations for the
energy-efficiency gap into three categories: market
failures, behavioral anomalies, and model and measurement
errors. Second, we posit that it is useful to think in terms
of the fundamental elements of cost-minimizing
energy-efficiency decisions. This provides a decomposition
that organizes thinking around four questions. First, are
product offerings and pricing economically efficient?
Second, are energy operating costs inefficiently priced
and/or understood? Third, are product choices
cost-minimizing in present value terms? Fourth, do other
costs inhibit more energy-efficient decisions? We review
empirical evidence on these questions, with an emphasis on
recent advances, and offer suggestions for future
research.},
Key = {fds267075}
}
@misc{fds330339,
Author = {Malof, JM and Hou, R and Collins, LM and Bradbury, K and Newell,
R},
Title = {Automatic solar photovoltaic panel detection in satellite
imagery},
Journal = {2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research
and Applications, Icrera 2015},
Pages = {1428-1431},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781479999828},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICRERA.2015.7418643},
Abstract = {The quantity of rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV)
installations has grown rapidly in the US in recent years.
There is a strong interest among decision makers in
obtaining high quality information about rooftop PV, such as
the locations, power capacity, and energy production of
existing rooftop PV installations. Solar PV installations
are typically connected directly to local power distribution
grids, and therefore it is important for the reliable
integration of solar energy to have information at high
geospatial resolutions: by county, zip code, or even by
neighborhood. Unfortunately, traditional means of obtaining
this information, such as surveys and utility
interconnection filings, are limited in availability and
geospatial resolution. In this work a new approach is
investigated where a computer vision algorithm is used to
detect rooftop PV installations in high resolution color
satellite imagery and aerial photography. It may then be
possible to use the identified PV images to estimate power
capacity and energy production for each array of panels,
yielding a fast, scalable, and inexpensive method to obtain
rooftop PV estimates for regions of any size. The aim of
this work is to investigate the feasibility of the first
step of the proposed approach: detecting rooftop PV in
satellite imagery. Towards this goal, a collection of
satellite rooftop images is used to develop and evaluate a
detection algorithm. The results show excellent detection
performance on the testing dataset and that, with further
development, the proposed approach may be an effective
solution for fast and scalable rooftop PV information
collection.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICRERA.2015.7418643},
Key = {fds330339}
}
@article{fds267086,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN and Stowe,
R},
Title = {An Assessment of the Energy-Efficiency Gap and its
Implications for Climate-Change Policy},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Improving end-use energy efficiency—that is, the
energy-efficiency of individuals, households, and firms as
they consume energy—is often cited as an important element
in efforts to reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions.
Arguments for improving energy efficiency usually rely on
the idea that energy-efficient technologies will save end
users money over time and thereby provide low-cost or
no-cost options for reducing GHG emissions. However, some
research suggests that energy-efficient technologies appear
not to be adopted by consumers and businesses to the degree
that would seem justified, even on a purely financial basis.
We review in this paper the evidence for a range of
explanations for this apparent “energy-efficiency gap.”
We find most explanations are grounded in sound economic
theory, but the strength of empirical support for these
explanations varies widely. Retrospective program
evaluations suggest the cost of GHG abatement varies
considerably across different energy-efficiency investments
and can diverge substantially from the predictions of
prospective models. Findings from research on the
energy-efficiency gap could help policy makers generate
social and private benefits from accelerating the diffusion
of energy-efficient technologies—including reduction of
GHG emissions.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER
working paper series, and residents of developing countries
may download this paper without additional charge at <a
href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??20905"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds267086}
}
@article{fds267089,
Author = {Pizer, W and Adler, M and Aldy, J and Anthoff, D and Cropper, M and Gillingham, K and Greenstone, M and Murray, B and Newell, R and Richels,
R and Rowell, A and Waldhoff, S and Wiener, J},
Title = {Using and improving the social cost of carbon},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {346},
Number = {6214},
Pages = {1189-1190},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10259 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1259774},
Key = {fds267089}
}
@article{fds267082,
Author = {Newell, RG and Siikamäki, J},
Title = {Nudging Energy Efficiency Behavior: The Role of Information
Labels},
Pages = {555-598},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/679281},
Abstract = {This report evaluates the effectiveness of energy efficiency
labels in guiding household decisions. Using a choice
experiment with alternative labels, the authors find that
simple information on the economic value of saving energy is
the most important element guiding more cost-efficient
investments in appliance energy efficiency; information on
physical energy use and carbon emissions has no significant
additional value. They also find that the degree to which
the current EnergyGuide label guides cost-efficient
decisions depends on the assumed discount rate. These
results reinforce the importance of intertemporal choice and
discounting for understanding individual behavior and
guiding policy.},
Doi = {10.1086/679281},
Key = {fds267082}
}
@article{fds267046,
Author = {Gerarden, T and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN and Stowe,
R},
Title = {An Assessment of the Energy-Efficiency Gap and Its
Implications for Climate-Change Policy},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Improving end-use energy efficiency — that is, the
energy-efficiency of individuals, households, and firms as
they consume energy — is often cited as an important
element in efforts to reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions.
Arguments for improving energy efficiency usually rely on
the idea that energy-efficient technologies will save end
users money over time and thereby provide low-cost or
no-cost options for reducing GHG emissions. However, some
research suggests that energy-efficient technologies appear
not to be adopted by consumers and businesses to the degree
that would seem justified, even on a purely financial basis.
We review in this paper the evidence for a range of
explanations for this apparent “energy-efficiency gap.”
We find most explanations are grounded in sound economic
theory, but the strength of empirical support for these
explanations varies widely. Retrospective program
evaluations suggest the cost of GHG abatement varies
considerably across different energy-efficiency investments
and can diverge substantially from the predictions of
prospective models. Findings from research on the
energy-efficiency gap could help policy makers generate
social and private benefits from accelerating the diffusion
of energy-efficient technologies — including reduction of
GHG emissions.},
Key = {fds267046}
}
@article{fds267090,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets: Past, present, and future},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-215},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10262 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Carbon markets are substantial and expanding. There are many
lessons from experience over the past 9 years: fewer free
allowances, careful moderation of low and high prices, and a
recognition that trading systems require adjustments that
have consequences for market participants and market
confidence. Moreover, the emerging international
architecture features separate emissions trading systems
serving distinct jurisdictions. These programs are
complemented by a variety of other types of policies
alongside the carbon markets. This architecture sits in
sharp contrast to the integrated global trading architecture
envisioned 15 years ago by the designers of the Kyoto
Protocol and raises a suite of new questions. In this new
architecture, jurisdictions with emissions trading have to
decide how, whether, and when to link with one another, and
policy makers must confront how to measure both the
comparability of efforts among markets and the comparability
between markets and a variety of other policy
approaches.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100913-012655},
Key = {fds267090}
}
@article{fds267096,
Author = {Newell, RG and Raimi, D},
Title = {Implications of shale gas development for climate
change},
Journal = {Environmental Science & Technology},
Volume = {48},
Number = {15},
Pages = {8360-8368},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0013-936X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10263 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Advances in technologies for extracting oil and gas from
shale formations have dramatically increased U.S. production
of natural gas. As production expands domestically and
abroad, natural gas prices will be lower than without shale
gas. Lower prices have two main effects: increasing overall
energy consumption, and encouraging substitution away from
sources such as coal, nuclear, renewables, and electricity.
We examine the evidence and analyze modeling projections to
understand how these two dynamics affect greenhouse gas
emissions. Most evidence indicates that natural gas as a
substitute for coal in electricity production, gasoline in
transport, and electricity in buildings decreases greenhouse
gases, although as an electricity substitute this depends on
the electricity mix displaced. Modeling suggests that absent
substantial policy changes, increased natural gas production
slightly increases overall energy use, more substantially
encourages fuel-switching, and that the combined effect
slightly alters economy wide GHG emissions; whether the net
effect is a slight decrease or increase depends on modeling
assumptions including upstream methane emissions. Our main
conclusions are that natural gas can help reduce GHG
emissions, but in the absence of targeted climate policy
measures, it will not substantially change the course of
global GHG concentrations. Abundant natural gas can,
however, help reduce the costs of achieving GHG reduction
goals. © 2014 American Chemical Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/es4046154},
Key = {fds267096}
}
@article{fds267079,
Author = {Fischer, C and Newell, RG and Preonas, L},
Title = {Environmental and Technology Policy Options in the
Electricity Sector: Interactions and Outcomes},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Myriad policy measures aim to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions from the electricity sector, promote generation
from renewable sources, and encourage energy conservation.
To what extent do innovation and energy efficiency (EE)
market failures justify additional interventions when a
carbon price is in place? We extend the model of Fischer and
Newell (2008) with advanced and conventional renewable
energy technologies and short and long-run EE investments.
We incorporate both knowledge spillovers and imperfections
in the demand for energy efficiency. We conclude that some
technology policies, particularly correcting R&D market
failures, can be useful complements to emissions pricing,
but ambitious renewable targets or subsidies seem unlikely
to enhance welfare when placed alongside sufficient
emissions pricing. The desirability of stringent EE policies
is highly sensitive to the degree of undervaluation of EE by
consumers, which also has implications for policies that
tend to lower electricity prices Even with multiple market
failures, emissions pricing remains the single most
cost-effective option for reducing emissions.},
Key = {fds267079}
}
@misc{fds267091,
Author = {Raimi, D and Newell, RG},
Title = {Shale Public Finance: Local government revenues and costs
associated with oil and gas development},
Booktitle = {Shale Public Finance: Local government revenues and costs
associated with oil and gas development},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9216 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Oil and gas development associated with shale resources has
increased substantially in the United States, with important
implications for local governments. These governments tend
to experience increased revenue from a variety of sources,
such as severance taxes distributed by the state government,
local property taxes and sales taxes, direct payments from
oil and gas companies, and in-kind contributions from those
companies. Local governments also tend to face increased
demand for services such as road repairs due to heavy truck
traffic and from population growth associated with the oil
and gas sector. This paper describes the major oil- and gas
related revenues and service demands (i.e., costs) that
county and municipal governments have experienced in
Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, Montana, North Dakota,
Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wyoming. Based on extensive
interviews with officials in the most heavily affected parts
of these states, along with analysis of financial data, it
appears that most county and municipal governments have
experienced net financial benefits, though some in western
North Dakota and eastern Montana appear to have experienced
net negative fiscal impacts. Some municipalities in rural
Colorado and Wyoming also struggled to manage fiscal impacts
during recent oil and gas booms, though these challenges
faded as drilling activity slowed.},
Key = {fds267091}
}
@article{fds267069,
Author = {Fischer, C and Newell, RG and Preonas, L},
Title = {Environmental and Technology Policy Options in the
Electricity Sector: Interactions and Outcomes},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10753 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Myriad policy measures aim to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions from the electricity sector, promote generation
from renewable sources, and encourage energy conservation.
To what extent do innovation and energy efficiency (EE)
market failures justify additional interventions when a
carbon price is in place? We extend the model of Fischer and
Newell (2008) with advanced and conventional renewable
energy technologies and short and long-run EE investments.
We incorporate both knowledge spillovers and imperfections
in the demand for energy efficiency. We conclude that some
technology policies, particularly correcting R&D market
failures, can be useful complements to emissions pricing,
but ambitious renewable targets or subsidies seem unlikely
to enhance welfare when placed alongside sufficient
emissions pricing. The desirability of stringent EE policies
is highly sensitive to the degree of undervaluation of EE by
consumers, which also has implications for policies that
tend to lower electricity prices. Even with multiple market
failures, emissions pricing remains the single most
cost-effective option for reducing emissions.},
Key = {fds267069}
}
@article{fds267094,
Author = {Arrow, KJ and Cropper, ML and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, GM and Newell, RG and Nordhaus, WD and Pindyck, RS and Pizer, WA and Portney,
PR and Sterner, T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, ML},
Title = {Should governments use a declining discount rate in project
analysis?},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-163},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10268 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {At a workshop held at Resources for the Future in September
2011, twelve of the authors were asked by the US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to provide advice on
the principles to be used in discounting the benefits and
costs of projects that affect future generations. Maureen L.
Cropper chaired the workshop. Much of the discussion in this
article is based on the authors' recommendations and advice
presented at the workshop. © The Author
2014.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/reu008},
Key = {fds267094}
}
@article{fds267095,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets: Effective policy? - Response},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {344},
Number = {6191},
Pages = {1460-1461},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10261 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1126/science.344.6191.1460-c},
Key = {fds267095}
}
@article{fds267097,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon market lessons and global policy outlook},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {343},
Number = {6177},
Pages = {1316-1317},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10260 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Ongoing work on linking markets and mixing policies builds
on successes and failures in pricing and trading
carbon.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1246907},
Key = {fds267097}
}
@article{fds267072,
Author = {Arrow, KJ and Cropper, M and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, GM and Newell, RG and Nordhaus, WD and Pindyck, RS and Pizer, WA and Portney,
P and Sterner, T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, M},
Title = {How Should Benefits and Costs Be Discounted in an
Intergenerational Context? The Views of an Expert
Panel},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In September 2011, the US Environmental Protection Agency
asked 12 economists how the benefits and costs of
regulations should be discounted for projects that affect
future generations. This paper summarizes the views of the
panel on three topics: the use of the Ramsey formula as an
organizing principle for determining discount rates over
long horizons, whether the discount rate should decline over
time, and how intra- and intergenerational discounting
practices can be made compatible. The panel members agree
that the Ramsey formula provides a useful framework for
thinking about intergenerational discounting. We also agree
that theory provides compelling arguments for a declining
certainty-equivalent discount rate. In the Ramsey formula,
uncertainty about the future rate of growth in per capita
consumption can lead to a declining consumption rate of
discount, assuming that shocks to consumption are positively
correlated. This uncertainty in future consumption growth
rates may be estimated econometrically based on historic
observations, or it can be derived from subjective
uncertainty about the mean rate of growth in mean
consumption or its volatility. Determining the remaining
parameters of the Ramsey formula is, however,
challenging.},
Key = {fds267072}
}
@article{fds267113,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets 15 years after Kyoto: Lessons learned, new
challenges},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Perspectives : a Journal of the
American Economic Association},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-146},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10264 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.27.1.123},
Key = {fds267113}
}
@article{fds267059,
Author = {Newell, RG and Siikamäki, J},
Title = {Nudging Energy Efficiency Behavior: The Role of Information
Labels},
Journal = {Resources for the Future Discussion Paper},
Number = {13},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {We evaluate the effectiveness of energy efficiency labeling
in guiding household appliance choice decisions. Using a
carefully designed choice experiment with several
alternative labeling treatments, we disentangle the relative
importance of different types of information and
intertemporal behavior (i.e., discounting) in guiding energy
efficiency behavior. We find that simple information on the
economic value of saving energy was the most important
element guiding more cost-efficient investments in appliance
energy efficiency, with information on physical energy use
and carbon dioxide emissions having additional but lesser
importance. The degree to which the current EnergyGuide
label guided cost-efficient decisions depends importantly on
the discount rate assumed appropriate for the analysis.
Using individual discount rates separately elicited in our
study, we find that the current EnergyGuide label came very
close to guiding cost-efficient decisions, on average.
However, using a uniform five percent rate for discounting
— which was much lower than the average individual
elicited rate — the EnergyGuide label led to choices that
result in a one-third undervaluation of energy efficiency.
We find that labels that not only nudged people with
dispassionate monetary or physical information, but also
endorsed a model (with Energy Star) or gave a suggestive
grade to a model (as with the EU-style label), had a
substantial impact in encouraging the choice of appliances
with higher energy efficiency. Our results reinforce the
centrality of views on intertemporal choice and discounting,
both in terms of understanding individual behavior and in
guiding public policy decisions.},
Key = {fds267059}
}
@article{fds267071,
Author = {Newell, RG and Siikamäki, J},
Title = {Nudging Energy Efficiency Behavior: The Role of Information
Labels},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {We evaluate the effectiveness of energy efficiency labeling
in guiding household decisions. Using a carefully designed
choice experiment with alternative labels, we disentangle
the relative importance of different types of information
and intertemporal behavior (i.e., discounting) in guiding
energy efficiency behavior. We find that simple information
on the economic value of saving energy was the most
important element guiding more cost-efficient investments in
energy efficiency, with information on physical energy use
and carbon emissions having additional but lesser
importance. The degree to which the current EnergyGuide
label guided cost-efficient decisions depends importantly on
the discount rate assumed. Using individual discount rates
separately elicited in our study, we find that the current
EnergyGuide label came very close to guiding cost-efficient
decisions, on average. However, using a uniform five percent
discount rate--which was much lower than the average
elicited rate--the EnergyGuide label led to choices that
result in a one-third undervaluation of energy efficiency.
We find that labels that also endorsed a model (with Energy
Star) or gave a suggestive grade to a model (EU-style
label), encouraged substantially higher energy efficiency.
Our results reinforce the centrality of views on
intertemporal choice and discounting, both in terms of
understanding individual behavior and in guiding
policy.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER working
paper series, and residents of developing countries may
download this paper without additional charge at <a
href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??19224"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds267071}
}
@article{fds267081,
Author = {Newell, RG and Iler, S},
Title = {The Global Energy Outlook},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We explore the principal trends that are shaping the future
landscape of energy supply, demand, and trade. We take a
long-term view, assessing trends on the time scale of a
generation by looking 25 years into the past, taking stock
of the current situation, and projecting 25 years into the
future. We view these market, technology, and policy trends
at a global scale, as well as assess the key regional
dynamics that are substantially altering the energy scene.
The shift from West to East in the locus of energy growth
and the turnaround of North American gas and oil production
are the most pronounced of these currents. Key uncertainties
include the strength of economic and population growth in
emerging economies, the stringency of future actions to
reduce carbon emissions, the magnitude of unconventional
natural gas and oil development in non-OPEC countries, and
the stability of OPEC oil supplies.<br><br>Institutional
subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents
of developing countries may download this paper without
additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w??18967"
TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>},
Key = {fds267081}
}
@article{fds267098,
Author = {Arrow, K and Cropper, M and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, G and Newell,
R and Nordhaus, W and Pindyck, R and Pizer, W and Portney, P and Sterner,
T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, M},
Title = {Determining benefits and costs for future
generations},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {341},
Number = {6144},
Pages = {349-350},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10265 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The United States and others should consider adopting a
different approach to estimating costs and benefits in light
of uncertainty.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1235665},
Key = {fds267098}
}
@misc{fds267073,
Author = {Newell, RG and Iler, S},
Title = {The Global Energy Outlook},
Booktitle = {Energy & Security: Towards a New Foreign Policy
Strategy},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Editor = {Kalicky, J and Goldwyn, D},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {We explore the principal trends that are shaping the future
landscape of energy supply, demand, and trade.},
Key = {fds267073}
}
@article{fds267055,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon Markets: Past, Present, and Future},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Carbon markets are substantial and they are expanding. There
are many lessons from experiences over the past eight years:
fewer free allowances, better management of market-sensitive
information, and a recognition that trading systems require
adjustments that have consequences for market participants
and market confidence. Moreover, the emerging international
architecture features separate emissions trading systems
serving distinct jurisdictions. These programs are
complemented by a variety of other types of policies
alongside the carbon markets. This sits in sharp contrast to
the integrated global trading architecture envisioned 15
years ago by the designers of the Kyoto Protocol and raises
a suite of new questions. In this new architecture,
jurisdictions with emissions trading have to decide how,
whether, and when to link with one another, and policymakers
overseeing carbon markets must confront how to measure the
comparability of efforts among markets and relative to a
variety of other policy approaches.},
Key = {fds267055}
}
@article{fds267121,
Author = {Eccles, JK and Pratson, L and Newell, RG and Jackson,
RB},
Title = {The impact of geologic variability on capacity and cost
estimates for storing CO 2 in deep-saline
aquifers},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1569-1579},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6609 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {While numerous studies find that deep-saline sandstone
aquifers in the United States could store many decades worth
of the nation's current annual CO 2 emissions, the likely
cost of this storage (i.e. the cost of storage only and not
capture and transport costs) has been harder to constrain.
We use publicly available data of key reservoir properties
to produce geo-referenced rasters of estimated storage
capacity and cost for regions within 15 deep-saline
sandstone aquifers in the United States. The rasters reveal
the reservoir quality of these aquifers to be so variable
that the cost estimates for storage span three orders of
magnitude and average>$100/tonne CO 2. However, when the
cost and corresponding capacity estimates in the rasters are
assembled into a marginal abatement cost curve (MACC), we
find that ~75% of the estimated storage capacity could be
available for<$2/tonne. Furthermore, ~80% of the total
estimated storage capacity in the rasters is concentrated
within just two of the aquifers-the Frio Formation along the
Texas Gulf Coast, and the Mt. Simon Formation in the
Michigan Basin, which together make up only ~20% of the
areas analyzed. While our assessment is not comprehensive,
the results suggest there should be an abundance of low-cost
storage for CO 2 in deep-saline aquifers, but a majority of
this storage is likely to be concentrated within specific
regions of a smaller number of these aquifers. © 2011
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2011.11.015},
Key = {fds267121}
}
@article{fds267112,
Author = {Arimura, TH and Li, S and Newell, RG and Palmer, K},
Title = {Cost-effectiveness of electricity energy efficiency
programs},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {63-99},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7010 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We analyze the cost-effectiveness of electric utility
ratepayer-funded programs to promote demand-side management
(DSM) and energy efficiency (EE) investments. We specify a
model that relates electricity demand to previous EE DSM
spending, energy prices, income, weather, and other demand
factors. In contrast to previous studies, we allow EE DSM
spending to have a potential longterm demand effect and
explicitly address possible endogeneity in spending. We find
that current period EE DSM expenditures reduce electricity
demand and that this effect persists for a number of years.
Our findings suggest that ratepayer funded DSM expenditures
between 1992 and 2006 produced a central estimate of 0.9
percent savings in electricity consumption over that time
period and a 1.8 percent savings over all years. These
energy savings came at an expected average cost to utilities
of roughly 5 cents per kWh saved when future savings are
discounted at a 5 percent rate. Copyright © 2012 by the
IAEE. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.5547/01956574.33.2.4},
Key = {fds267112}
}
@article{fds267120,
Author = {Popp, D and Newell, R},
Title = {Where does energy R&D come from? Examining crowding out
from energy R&D},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {4},
Pages = {980-991},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6758 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Recent efforts to endogenize technological change in climate
policy models demonstrate the importance of accounting for
the opportunity cost of climate R&D investments. Because the
social returns to R&D investments are typically higher than
the social returns to other types of investment, any new
climate mitigation R&D that comes at the expense of other
R&D investment may dampen the overall gains from induced
technological change. Unfortunately, there has been little
empirical work to guide modelers as to the potential
magnitude of such crowding out effects. This paper considers
both the private and social opportunity costs of climate
R&D. Addressing private costs, we ask whether an increase in
climate R&D represents new R&D spending, or whether some (or
all) of the additional climate R&D comes at the expense of
other R&D. Addressing social costs, we use patent citations
to compare the social value of alternative energy research
to other types of R&D that may be crowded out. Beginning at
the industry level, we find no evidence of crowding out
across sectors-that is, increases in energy R&D do not draw
R&D resources away from sectors that do not perform R&D.
Given this, we proceed with a detailed look at alternative
energy R&D. Linking patent data and financial data by firm,
we ask whether an increase in alternative energy patents
leads to a decrease in other types of patenting activity.
While we find that increases in alternative energy patents
do result in fewer patents of other types, the evidence
suggests that this is due to profit-maximizing changes in
research effort, rather than financial constraints that
limit the total amount of R&D possible. Finally, we use
patent citation data to compare the social value of
alternative energy patents to other patents by these firms.
Alternative energy patents are cited more frequently, and by
a wider range of other technologies, than other patents by
these firms, suggesting that their social value is higher.
© 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2011.07.001},
Key = {fds267120}
}
@misc{fds267088,
Author = {Newell, RG},
Title = {Inducing innovation for climate change mitigation},
Pages = {20-21},
Booktitle = {Issues of the Day: 100 Commentaries on Climate, Energy, the
Environment, Transportation, and Public Health
Policy},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781936331253},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331253},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331253},
Key = {fds267088}
}
@book{fds267080,
Author = {Henderson, RM and Newell, RG},
Title = {Accelerating Energy Innovation Insights from Multiple
Sectors},
Pages = {274 pages},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {0226326837},
Abstract = {2010. International energy outlook2010. No.
DOE/EIA-0484(2010). Washington, DC: Energy Information
Administration. Gallagher, Kelly Sims, John P. Holdren, and
Ambuj D. Sagar. 2006. Energy- technology innovation. Annual
Review of ...},
Key = {fds267080}
}
@misc{fds267106,
Author = {Henderson, Rebecca M. and Newell, R},
Title = {Introduction and Summary},
Pages = {1-23},
Booktitle = {Accelerating Energy Innovation: Insights from Multiple
Sectors},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press for the National Bureau of
Economic Research},
Editor = {Henderson, RM and Newell, RG},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {0226326837},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7427 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267106}
}
@article{fds289608,
Author = {Arimura, TH and Li, S and Newell, RG and Palmer, K},
Title = {Cost-Effectiveness of Electricity Energy Efficiency
Programs},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We analyze the cost-effectiveness of electric utility
ratepayer-funded programs to promote demand-side management
(DSM) and energy efficiency (EE) investments. We specify a
model that relates electricity demand to previous EE DSM
spending, energy prices, income, weather, and other demand
factors. In contrast to previous studies, we allow EE DSM
spending to have a potential long-term demand effect and
explicitly address possible endogeneity in spending. We find
that current period EE DSM expenditures reduce electricity
demand and that this effect persists for a number of years.
Our findings suggest that ratepayer-funded DSM expenditures
between 1992 and 2006 produced a central estimate of 0.9
percent savings in electricity consumption over that time
period and 1.8 percent savings over all years. These energy
savings came at an expected average cost to utilities of
roughly 5 cents per kWh saved when future savings are
discounted at a 5 percent rate.},
Key = {fds289608}
}
@article{fds289609,
Author = {Arimura, TH and Li, S and Newell, RG and Palmer, KL},
Title = {Cost-Effectiveness of Electricity Energy Efficiency
Programs},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We analyze the cost-effectiveness of electric utility
ratepayer-funded programs to promote demand-side management
(DSM) and energy efficiency (EE) investments. We specify a
model that relates electricity demand to previous EE DSM
spending, energy prices, income, weather, and other demand
factors. In contrast to previous studies, we allow EE DSM
spending to have a potential long-term demand effect and
explicitly address possible endogeneity in spending. We find
that current period EE DSM expenditures reduce electricity
demand and that this effect persists for a number of years.
Our findings suggest that ratepayer-funded DSM expenditures
between 1992 and 2006 produced a central estimate of 0.9
percent savings in electricity consumption over that time
period and 1.8 percent savings over all years. These energy
savings came at an expected average cost to utilities of
roughly 5 cents per kWh saved when future savings are
discounted at a 5 percent rate.},
Key = {fds289609}
}
@misc{fds267108,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {The Energy Innovation System: A Historical
Perspective},
Pages = {25-47},
Booktitle = {Accelerating energy innovation: insights from multiple
sectors},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Henderson, RM and Newell, RG},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7373 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Accelerating energy innovation could be an important part of
an effective response to the threat of climate change.
Written by a stellar group of experts in the field, this
book complements existing research on the subject with an
exploration of the role that public and private policy have
played in enabling--and sustaining--swift innovation in a
variety of industries, from agriculture and the life
sciences to information technology. Chapters highlight the
factors that have determined the impact of past policies,
and suggest that effectively managed federal funding,
strategies to increase customer demand, and the enabling of
aggressive competition from new firms are important
ingredients for policies that affect innovative
activity.},
Key = {fds267108}
}
@misc{fds171210,
Author = {Henderson, R.H and R.G. Newell},
Title = {Accelerating Innovation in Energy: Insights from Multiple
Sectors. Introduction and Summary},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds171210}
}
@article{fds267118,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, AJ and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing climate mitigation policy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {903-934},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7011 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper provides (for the nonspecialist) a highly
streamlined discussion of the main issues, and
controversies, in the design of climate mitigation policy.
The first part of the paper discusses how much action to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the global level is
efficient under both the cost-effectiveness and
welfare-maximizing paradigms. We then discuss various issues
in the implementation of domestic emissions control policy,
instrument choice, and incentives for technological
innovation. Finally, we discuss alternative policy
architectures at the international level.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.48.4.903},
Key = {fds267118}
}
@article{fds343297,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, AJ and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing Climate Mitigation Policy},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper provides (for the nonspecialist) a highly
streamlined discussion of the main issues, and
controversies, in the design of climate mitigation policy.
The first part of the paper discusses how much action to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the global level is
efficient under both the cost-effectiveness and
welfare-maximizing paradigms. We then discuss various issues
in the implementation of domestic emissions control policy,
instrument choice, and incentives for technological
innovation. Finally, we discuss alternative policy
architectures at the international level. (JEL Q54,
Q58)},
Key = {fds343297}
}
@article{fds267119,
Author = {Newell, RG},
Title = {The role of markets and policies in delivering innovation
for climate change mitigation},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-269},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0266-903X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6751 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper identifies market incentives and international
and domestic policies that could technologically alter
energy systems to achieve greenhouse gas stabilization
targets while also meeting other societal goals. I consider
the conceptual basis and empirical evidence on the
effectiveness and efficiency of climate technology policies.
The paper reviews the literature on trends and prospects for
innovation in climate change mitigation and examines the
evidence on induced innovation and the implications for the
choice of technology policy. I then consider the impact of
technological advances on the environment, the role of
direct government support for R&D, and the complementarities
between policies internalizing environmental externalities
and those aimed at environmental innovations. © The Author
2010. Published by Oxford University Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/grq009},
Key = {fds267119}
}
@article{fds267111,
Author = {Popp, D and Newell, RG and Jaffe, AB},
Title = {Energy, the environment, and technological
change},
Journal = {Handbook of the Economics of Innovation},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {873-937},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Economics of Technical Change.},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2210-8807},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7460 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Within the field of environmental economics, the role of
technological change has received much attention. The
long-term nature of many environmental problems, such as
climate change, makes understanding the evolution of
technology an important part of projecting future impacts.
Moreover, in many cases, environmental problems cannot be
addressed, or can only be addressed at great cost, using
existing technologies. Providing incentives to develop new
environmentally friendly technologies then becomes a focus
of environmental policy. This chapter reviews the literature
on technological change and the environment. Our goals are
to introduce technological change economists to how the
lessons of the economics of technological change have been
applied in the field of environmental economics, and suggest
ways in which scholars of technological change could
contribute to the field of environmental economics. © 2010
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0169-7218(10)02005-8},
Key = {fds267111}
}
@misc{fds315887,
Author = {Fischer, C and Newell, RG},
Title = {Comparing environmental and technology policies for climate
mitigation and renewable energy},
Pages = {77-108},
Booktitle = {Current Affairs: Perspectives on Electricity Policy for
Ontario},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781442609945},
Key = {fds315887}
}
@misc{fds365723,
Title = {Literature Review of Recent Trends and Future Prospects for
Innovation in Climate Change Mitigation},
Publisher = {Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
(OECD)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/218688342302},
Doi = {10.1787/218688342302},
Key = {fds365723}
}
@book{fds267078,
Author = {Newell, RG and Henderson, RM},
Title = {Accelerating Energy Innovation: Insights from Multiple
Sectors},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Accelerating the rate of innovation in energy is a critical
component of any effective response to the threat of climate
change. This book is designed to contribute to the debate as
to how this can best be done through a focus on the history
of four sectors of the US economy that have historically
seen very rapid increases in the rate of innovation:
agriculture, chemicals, life sciences, and information
technology. In a sequence of seven chapters leading experts
in the history of innovation in each sector explore the role
that public and private policy has played in enabling
accelerated innovation. Together they highlight the ways in
which effective public policy in highly innovative sectors
has been integrated (albeit rarely by design) into a complex
innovation system that includes three critical elements: (1)
substantial, differentiated, end-user demand that enables
private firms commercializing the technology to anticipate
healthy returns; (2) the sustained funding and effective
management of fundamental research; and (3) the development
of an institutional environment that includes robust
mechanisms to promote the widespread diffusion of both
knowledge and technology and that favors vigorous
private-sector competition.},
Key = {fds267078}
}
@article{fds267087,
Author = {Popp, D and Newell, RG},
Title = {Where Does Energy R&D Come from? Examining Crowding Out from
Environmentally-Friendly R&D},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Recent efforts to endogenize technological change in climate
policy models demonstrate the importance of accounting for
the opportunity cost of climate R&D investments. Because the
social returns to R&D investments are typically higher than
the social returns to other types of investment, any new
climate mitigation R&D that comes at the expense of other
R&D investment may dampen the overall gains from induced
technological change. Unfortunately, there has been little
empirical work to guide modelers as to the potential
magnitude of such crowding out effects. This paper considers
both the private and social opportunity costs of climate
R&D. Addressing private costs, we ask whether an increase in
climate R&D represents new R&D spending, or whether some (or
all) of the additional climate R&D comes at the expense of
other R&D. Addressing social costs, we use patent citations
to compare the social value of alternative energy research
to other types of R&D that may be crowded out. Beginning at
the industry level, we find some evidence of crowding out in
sectors active in energy R&D, but not in sectors that do not
perform energy R&D. This suggests that funds for energy R&D
do not come from other sectors, but may come from a
redistribution of research funds in sectors that are likely
to perform energy R&D. Given this, we proceed with a
detailed look at climate R&D in two sectors - alternative
energy and automotive manufacturing. Linking patent data and
financial data by firm, we ask whether an increase in
alternative energy patents leads to a decrease in other
types of patenting activity. We find crowding out for
alternative energy firms, but no evidence of crowding out
for automotive firms. Finally, we use patent citation data
to compare the social value of alternative energy patents to
other patents by these firms. Alternative energy patents are
cited more frequently, and by a wider range of other
technologies, than other patents by these firms, suggesting
that their social value is higher.},
Key = {fds267087}
}
@article{fds365724,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {Information Disclosure and Drinking Water
Quality},
Journal = {Resources Magazine},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds365724}
}
@article{fds289607,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, A and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing Climate Mitigation Policy},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7011 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper provides an exhaustive review of critical issues
in the design of climate mitigation policy by pulling
together key findings and controversies from diverse
literatures on mitigation costs, damage valuation, policy
instrument choice, technological innovation, and
international climate policy. We begin with the broadest
issue of how high assessments suggest the near and medium
term price on greenhouse gases would need to be, both under
cost-effective stabilization of global climate and under net
benefit maximization or Pigouvian emissions pricing. The
remainder of the paper focuses on the appropriate scope of
regulation, issues in policy instrument choice,
complementary technology policy, and international policy
architectures.},
Key = {fds289607}
}
@article{fds338094,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, RG and Palmer, KL},
Title = {Energy Efficiency Economics and Policy},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds338094}
}
@article{fds290514,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, RG and Palmer, KL},
Title = {Energy Efficiency Economics and Policy},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency and conservation are considered key means
for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving other
energy policy goals, but associated market behavior and
policy responses have engendered debates in the economic
literature. We review economic concepts underlying consumer
decisionmaking in energy efficiency and conservation and
examine related empirical literature. In particular, we
provide an economic perspective on the range of market
barriers, market failures, and behavioral failures that have
been cited in the energy efficiency context. We assess the
extent to which these conditions provide a motivation for
policy intervention in energy-using product markets,
including an examination of the evidence on policy
effectiveness and cost. While theory and empirical evidence
suggest there is potential for welfare-enhancing energy
efficiency policies, many open questions remain,
particularly relating to the extent of some of the key
market and behavioral failures.},
Key = {fds290514}
}
@article{fds267126,
Author = {Eccles, JK and Pratson, L and Newell, RG and Jackson,
RB},
Title = {Physical and economic potential of geological CO
2 storage in saline aquifers},
Journal = {Environmental Science & Technology},
Volume = {43},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1962-1969},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-936X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6611 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Carbon sequestration in sandstone saline reservoirs holds
great potential for mitigating climate change, but its
storage potential and cost per ton of avoided CO 2 emissions
are uncertain. We develop a general model to determine the
maximum theoretical constraints on both storage potential
and injection rate and use it to characterize the economic
viability of geosequestration in sandstone saline aquifers.
When applied to a representative set of aquifer
characteristics, the model yields results that compare
favorably with pilot projects currently underway. Over a
range of reservoir properties, maximum effective storage
peaks at an optimal depth of 1600 m, at which point
0.18-0.31 metric tons can be stored per cubic meter of bulk
volume of reservoir. Maximum modeled injection rates predict
minima for storage costs in a typical basin in the range of
$2-7/ ton CO 2(2005 U.S. $) depending on depth and basin
characteristics in our base-case scenario. Because the
properties of natural reservoirs in the United States vary
substantially, storage costs could in some cases be lower or
higher by orders of magnitude. We conclude that available
geosequestration capacity exhibits a wide range of
technological and economic attractiveness. Like traditional
projects in the extractive industries, geosequestration
capacity should be exploited starting with the low-cost
storage options first then moving gradually up the supply
curve. © 2009 American Chemical Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/es801572e},
Key = {fds267126}
}
@article{fds267125,
Author = {Murray, BC and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Balancing cost and emissions certainty: An allowance reserve
for cap-and-trade},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {84-103},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6750 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/ren016},
Key = {fds267125}
}
@misc{fds267105,
Author = {Newell, RG},
Title = {International climate technology strategies},
Pages = {403-438},
Booktitle = {Post-Kyoto International Climate Policy: Implementing
Architectures for Agreement: Research from the Harvard
Project on International Climate Agreements},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521137850},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7455 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Introduction There is widespread agreement that achieving
the very substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions necessary to stabilize atmospheric carbon dioxide
(CO2) concentrations at 450–550 parts per million (ppm)
will require innovation and large-scale adoption of
GHG-reducing technologies throughout the global energy
system (IPCC 2007). The set of necessary technologies
includes those for increased energy efficiency, renewable
energy, nuclear power, and CO2 capture and storage.
Alongside strategies aimed at reducing GHG emissions—such
as emission targets in an international context or domestic
GHG cap-and-trade systems or taxes—much discussion has
therefore focused on policies that also target technology
directly, including research and development (R&D)
activities and technology-specific mandates and incentives.
The associated policy debate is not so much over the
importance of new technology per se in solving the climate
problem, but rather over what the most effective policies
and institutions are for achieving the dramatic
technological changes necessary to stabilize GHG
concentrations. The scale of the system to be reoriented is
immense. The International Energy Agency (IEA), in its most
recent assessment of energy investment, projects that about
$22 trillion of investment in energy-supply infrastructure
will be needed over the 2006–2030 period, or almost $900
billion annually, on average (IEA 2007b). Note that this
does not include expenditures on energy demand-side
technologies (e.g., transportation, appliances, and
equipment), which will measure in the trillions of dollars
each year.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511813207.014},
Key = {fds267105}
}
@misc{fds171211,
Author = {R.G. Newell},
Title = {The Energy Innovation System: A Historical
Perspective},
Booktitle = {Accelerating Innovation in Energy: Insights from Multiple
Sectors (R.H. Henderson and R.G. Newell,
eds)},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds171211}
}
@article{fds267124,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, RG and Palmer, K},
Title = {Energy Efficiency Economics and Policy},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {597-619},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000273629900027&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency and conservation are considered key means
for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving other
energy policy goals, but associated market behavior and
policy responses have engendered debates in the economic
literature. We review economic concepts underlying consumer
decision making in energy efficiency and conservation and
examine related empirical literature. In particular, we
provide an economic perspective on the range of market
barriers, market failures, and behavioral failures that have
been cited in the energy efficiency context. We assess the
extent to which these conditions provide a motivation for
policy intervention in energy-using product markets,
including an examination of the evidence on policy
effectiveness and cost. Although theory and empirical
evidence suggests there is potential for welfare-enhancing
energy efficiency policies, many open questions remain,
particularly relating to the extent of some key market and
behavioral failures.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.resource.102308.124234},
Key = {fds267124}
}
@article{fds267127,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Carbon mitigation costs for the commercial building sector:
Discrete-continuous choice analysis of multifuel energy
demand},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {527-539},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7456 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S.
commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the
responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to
energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates
fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is
characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate
estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the
U.S. Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows
for exceptionally detailed estimation of price
responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We
then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel
type, through a series of simulations; own-price
elasticities range from -0.9 for district heat services to
-2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of a
marginal cost curve for carbon mitigation, which suggests
that a price of $20 per ton of carbon would result in an 8%
reduction in commercial carbon emissions, and a price of
$100 per ton would result in a 28% reduction. © 2008
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2008.09.004},
Key = {fds267127}
}
@misc{fds267099,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {A U.S. Innovation Strategy for Climate Change
Mitigation},
Series = {Hamilton Project Discussion Paper 2008-15},
Pages = {49 pages},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7546 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267099}
}
@article{fds267123,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Indexed regulation},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {221-233},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6755 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Seminal work by Weitzman [Prices vs. quantities, Rev. Econ.
Stud. 41 (1974) 477-491] revealed prices are preferred to
quantities when marginal benefits are relatively flat
compared to marginal costs. We extend this comparison to
indexed policies, where quantities are proportional to an
index, such as output. We find that policy preferences hinge
on additional parameters describing the first and second
moments of the index and the ex post optimal quantity level.
When the ratio of these variables' coefficients of variation
divided by their correlation is less than approximately two,
indexed quantities are preferred to fixed quantities. A
slightly more complex condition determines when indexed
quantities are preferred to prices. Applied to climate
change policy, we find that the range of variation and
correlation in country-level carbon dioxide emissions and
GDP suggests the ranking of an emissions intensity cap
(indexed to GDP) compared to a fixed emission cap is not
uniform across countries; neither policy clearly dominates
the other. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.001},
Key = {fds267123}
}
@article{fds267128,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Modeling endogenous technological change for climate policy
analysis},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2734-2753},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6628 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The approach used to model technological change in a climate
policy model is a critical determinant of its results in
terms of the time path of CO2 prices and costs required to
achieve various emission reduction goals. We provide an
overview of the different approaches used in the literature,
with an emphasis on recent developments regarding endogenous
technological change, research and development, and
learning. Detailed examination sheds light on the salient
features of each approach, including strengths, limitations,
and policy implications. Key issues include proper
accounting for the opportunity costs of climate-related
knowledge generation, treatment of knowledge spillovers and
appropriability, and the empirical basis for parameterizing
technological relationships. No single approach appears to
dominate on all these dimensions, and different approaches
may be preferred depending on the purpose of the analysis,
be it positive or normative. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2008.03.001},
Key = {fds267128}
}
@article{fds267060,
Author = {Murray, BC and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Balancing Cost and Emissions Certainty: An Allowance Reserve
for Cap-and-Trade},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6750 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {On efficiency grounds, the economics community has to date
tended to emphasize price-based policies to address climate
change -- such as taxes or a “safety-valve” price
ceiling for cap-and-trade -— while environmental advocates
have sought a more clear quantitative limit on emissions.
This paper presents a simple modification to the idea of a
safety valve -- a quantitative limit that we call the
allowance reserve. Importantly, this idea may bridge the gap
between competing interests and potentially improve
efficiency relative to tax or other price-based policies.
The last point highlights the deficiencies in several
previous studies of price and quantity controls for climate
change that do not adequately capture the dynamic
opportunities within a cap-and-trade system for allowance
banking, borrowing, and intertemporal arbitrage in response
to unfolding information.},
Key = {fds267060}
}
@article{fds267130,
Author = {Fischer, C and Newell, RG},
Title = {Environmental and technology policies for climate
mitigation},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {55},
Number = {2},
Pages = {142-162},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6623 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We assess different policies for reducing carbon dioxide
emissions and promoting innovation and diffusion of
renewable energy. We evaluate the relative performance of
policies according to incentives provided for emissions
reduction, efficiency, and other outcomes. We also assess
how the nature of technological progress through learning
and research and development (R&D), and the degree of
knowledge spillovers, affects the desirability of different
policies. Due to knowledge spillovers, optimal policy
involves a portfolio of different instruments targeted at
emissions, learning, and R&D. Although the relative cost of
individual policies in achieving reductions depends on
parameter values and the emissions target, in a numerical
application to the U.S. electricity sector, the ranking is
roughly as follows: (1) emissions price, (2) emissions
performance standard, (3) fossil power tax, (4) renewables
share requirement, (5) renewables subsidy, and (6) R&D
subsidy. Nonetheless, an optimal portfolio of policies
achieves emissions reductions at a significantly lower cost
than any single policy. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2007.11.001},
Key = {fds267130}
}
@article{fds267133,
Author = {de Coninck, H and Fischer, C and Newell, RG and Ueno,
T},
Title = {International technology-oriented agreements to address
climate change},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {335-356},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0301-4215},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6760 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Much discussion has surrounded possible alternatives for
international agreements on climate change, particularly
post-2012. Among these alternatives, technology-oriented
agreements (TOAs) are perhaps the least well defined. We
explore what TOAs may consist of, why they might be
sensible, which TOAs already exist in international energy
and environmental governance, and whether they could make a
valuable contribution to addressing climate change. We find
that TOAs aimed at knowledge sharing and coordination,
research, development, or demonstration could increase the
overall efficiency and effectiveness of international
climate cooperation, but are likely to have limited
environmental effectiveness on their own.
Technology-transfer agreements are likely to have similar
properties unless the level of resources expended is large,
in which case they could be environmentally significant.
Technology-specific mandates or incentives could be
environmentally effective within the applicable sector, but
are more likely to make a cost-effective contribution when
viewed as a complement to rather than a substitute for
flexible emissions-based policies. These results indicate
that TOAs could potentially provide a valuable contribution
to the global response to climate change. The success of
specific TOAs will depend on their design, implementation,
and the role they are expected to play relative to other
components of the policy portfolio. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2007.09.030},
Key = {fds267133}
}
@article{fds195191,
Author = {R.G. Newell and W.A. Pizer},
Title = {Indexed Regulation},
Journal = {J. Environ. Econ. and Management},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds195191}
}
@article{fds267107,
Author = {Fischer, C and Newell, R},
Title = {What’s the Best way to Promote Green Power?: Don’t
Forget the Emissions Price},
Volume = {160},
Pages = {10-13},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7393 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267107}
}
@misc{fds267102,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {U.S. Climate Mitigation in the Context of Global
Stabilization},
Pages = {38-51},
Booktitle = {Assessing U.S. Climate Policy Options: A Report Summarizing
Work at RFF as Part of the Inter-Industry U.S. Climate
Policy Forum},
Publisher = {Resources for the Future},
Editor = {Resources for the Future},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7543 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267102}
}
@misc{fds267104,
Author = {Rai, A and Newell, R and Reichman, J and Wiener, J},
Title = {Intellectual Property and Alternatives: Strategies for Green
Innovation},
Series = {Energy, Environment and Development Programme Paper
08/03},
Pages = {39 pages},
Publisher = {Chatham House, UK},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7540 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267104}
}
@article{fds267117,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {What's the big deal about oil? How we can get oil policy
right},
Journal = {Current},
Number = {494},
Pages = {3-6},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0011-3131},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6752 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267117}
}
@article{fds267146,
Author = {Newell, RG and Papps, KL and Sanchirico, JN},
Title = {Asset pricing in created markets},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {259-272},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9092},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6753 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We investigate the applicability of the present-value asset
pricing model to fishing quota markets by applying
instrumental variable panel data estimation techniques to 15
years of market transactions from New Zealand's individual
transferable quota (ITQ) market. In addition to the
influence of current fishing rents, we explore the effect of
market interest rates, risk, and expected changes in future
rents on quota asset prices. The results indicate that quota
asset prices are positively related to declines in interest
rates, lower levels of risk, expected increases in future
fish prices, and expected cost reductions from
rationalization under the quota system. © 2007 American
Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8276.2007.01018.x},
Key = {fds267146}
}
@misc{fds267100,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {Climate Technology Deployment Policy},
Pages = {133-145},
Booktitle = {Assessing U.S. Climate Policy Options: A Report Summarizing
Work at RFF as Part of the Inter-Industry U.S. Climate
Policy Forum},
Publisher = {Resources for the Future},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7545 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267100}
}
@misc{fds267101,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {Climate Technology Research, Development, and Demonstration:
Funding Sources, Institutions, and Instruments},
Pages = {117-132},
Booktitle = {Assessing U.S. Climate Policy Options: A Report Summarizing
Work at RFF as Part of the Inter-Industry U.S. Climate
Policy Forum},
Publisher = {Resources for the Future},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7544 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267101}
}
@article{fds267145,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, R and Palmer, K},
Title = {Energy efficiency policies: A retrospective
examination},
Journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {161-192},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1543-5938},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10269 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We review literature on several types of energy efficiency
policies: appliance standards, financial incentive programs,
information and voluntary programs, and management of
government energy use. For each, we provide a brief synopsis
of the relevant programs, along with available existing
estimates of energy savings, costs, and cost-effectiveness
at a national level. The literature examining these
estimates points to potential issues in determining the
energy savings and costs, but recent evidence suggests that
techniques for measuring both have improved. Taken together,
the literature identifies up to four quads of energy savings
annually from these programs - at least half of which is
attributable to appliance standards and utility-based
demand-side management, with possible additional energy
savings from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) ENERGY
STAR, Climate Challenge, and Section 1605b voluntary
programs to reduce carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions. Related
reductions in CO 2 and criteria air pollutants may
contribute an additional 10% to the value of energy savings
above the price of energy itself. Copyright © 2006 by
Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.energy.31.020105.100157},
Key = {fds267145}
}
@misc{fds267109,
Author = {Newell, R and Rogers, K},
Title = {The Market-Based Lead Phasedown},
Pages = {173-193},
Booktitle = {Moving to Markets in Environmental Regulation : Lessons from
Twenty Years of Experience},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press, USA},
Editor = {Freeman, J and Kolstad, CD},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {0198040865},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7372 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Over the last decade, market-based incentives have become
the regulatorytool of choice when trying to solve difficult
environmental problems. Evidenceof their dominance can be
seen in recent proposals for addressing global
warming(through an emissions trading scheme in the Kyoto
Protocol) and for amending theClean Air Act (to add a new
emissions trading systems for smog precursors
andmercury--the Bush administration's "Clear Skies"
program). They are widelyviewed as more efficient than
traditional command and control regulation. Thiscollection
of essays takes a critical look at this question, and
evaluateswhether the promises of market-based regulation
have been fulfilled.Contributors put forth the ideas that
few regulatory instruments are actuallypurely market-based,
or purely prescriptive, and that both approaches can
besystematically undermined by insufficiently careful design
and by failures ofmonitoring and enforcement. All in all,
the essays recommend future researchthat no longer pits one
kind of approach against the other, but instead
examinestheir interaction and compatibility. This book
should appeal to academics inenvironmental economics and
law, along with policymakers in government agenciesand
advocates in non-governmental organizations.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189650.003.0007},
Key = {fds267109}
}
@article{fds267116,
Author = {Newell, RG and Jaffe, AB and Stavins, RN},
Title = {The effects of economic and policy incentives on carbon
mitigation technologies},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {563-578},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2006.07.004},
Abstract = {The ability to estimate the likely effects of potential
climate change policies on energy use and greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions requires an improved understanding of the
relationship between different policy alternatives and
energy-saving and GHG-reducing changes in technology. A
particularly important and understudied aspect of this set
of issues is the conceptual and empirical modeling of how
the various stages of technological change are interrelated,
how they unfold over time in response to market forces, and
the differential impact of various policies (for example,
R&D subsidies, environmental taxes, information programs).
We summarize several contributions to this literature and
suggest promising areas for continued research on empirical
analysis and modeling of induced technological change. ©
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2006.07.004},
Key = {fds267116}
}
@misc{fds152182,
Author = {R.G. Newell},
Title = {What's the big deal about oil? How we can get oil policy
right},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {163},
Pages = {6-10},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds152182}
}
@article{fds267144,
Author = {Pizer, W and Burtraw, D and Harrington, W and Newell, R and Sanchirico,
J},
Title = {Modeling economy-wide vs sectoral climate policies using
combined aggregate-sectoral models},
Journal = {The Energy Journal},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {135-168},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10266 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Economic analyses of climate change policies frequently
focus on reductions of energy-related carbon dioxide
emissions via market-based, economy-wide policies. The
current course of environment and energy policy debate in
the United States, however, suggests an alternative outcome:
sector-based and/or inefficiently designed policies. This
paper uses a collection of specialized, sector-based models
in conjunction with a computable general equilibrium model
of the economy to examine and compare these policies at an
aggregate level. We examine the relative cost of different
policies designed to achieve the same quantity of emission
reductions. We find that excluding a limited number of
sectors from an economy-wide policy does not significantly
raise costs. Focusing policy solely on the electricity and
transportation sectors doubles costs, however, and using
non-market policies can raise cost by a factor of ten. These
results are driven in part by, and are sensitive to, our
modeling of pre-existing tax distortions. Copyright © 2006
by the IAEE. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol27-No3-8},
Key = {fds267144}
}
@article{fds346828,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Setting energy policy in the modern era: Tough challenges
lie ahead},
Journal = {The Rff Reader in Environmental and Resource Policy: Second
Edition},
Pages = {171-174},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331642},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331642},
Key = {fds346828}
}
@article{fds267070,
Author = {Sanchirico, J and Newell, R and Papps, K},
Title = {Asset Pricing in Created Markets for Fishing
Quotas},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We investigate the applicability of the present-value asset
pricing model to fishing quota markets by applying
instrumental variable panel data estimation techniques to 15
years of market transactions from New Zealand’s individual
fishing quota market. In addition to the influence of
current fishing rents (as measured by lease prices), we
explore the effect of market interest rates, risk, and
expected changes in future rents on quota asset prices.
Controlling for these other factors, the results support a
fairly simple relationship between quota asset and
contemporaneous lease prices. Consistent with theoretical
expectations, the results indicate that quota asset prices
are positively related to declines in interest rates, lower
levels of risk, expected increases in future fish prices,
and expected cost reductions from rationalization under the
quota system. However, the magnitude of some
interrelationships is muted relative to what theory
suggests, possibly due to measurement error.},
Key = {fds267070}
}
@article{fds267132,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {A tale of two market failures: Technology and environmental
policy},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {164-174},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10267 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Market failures associated with environmental pollution
interact with market failures associated with the innovation
and diffusion of new technologies. These combined market
failures provide a strong rationale for a portfolio of
public policies that foster emissions reduction as well as
the development and adoption of environmentally beneficial
technology. Both theory and empirical evidence suggest that
the rate and direction of technological advance is
influenced by market and regulatory incentives, and can be
cost-effectively harnessed through the use of
economic-incentive based policy. In the presence of weak or
nonexistent environmental policies, investments in the
development and diffusion of new environmentally beneficial
technologies are very likely to be less than would be
socially desirable. Positive knowledge and adoption
spillovers and information problems can further weaken
innovation incentives. While environmental technology policy
is fraught with difficulties, a long-term view suggests a
strategy of experimenting with policy approaches and
systematically evaluating their success. © 2005 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.12.027},
Key = {fds267132}
}
@article{fds267068,
Author = {Newell, R and Wilson, N},
Title = {Technology Prizes for Climate Change Mitigation},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We analyze whether technology inducement prizes could be a
useful complement to standard research grants and contracts
in developing climate change mitigation technologies. We
find that there are important conceptual advantages to using
inducement prizes in certain circumstances. These conceptual
inferences are borne out by an examination of the track
record of prizes inducing research into public goods,
including relevant energy technologies. However, we also
find that the prizes’ successes are contingent on their
proper design. We analyze how several important design
elements could influence the effectiveness of a climate
technology prize.},
Key = {fds267068}
}
@article{fds267067,
Author = {Pizer, W and Newell, R},
Title = {Carbon Mitigation Costs for the Commercial Sector:
Discrete-Continuous Choice Analysis of Multifuel Energy
Demand},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S.
commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the
responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to
energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates
fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is
characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate
estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the
1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows
for exceptionally detailed estimation of price
responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We
then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel
type, through a series of simulations; own-price
elasticities range from ?0.9 for district heat services to
?2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of a
marginal cost curve for carbon mitigation, which suggests
that a price of $20 per ton of carbon would result in an 8%
reduction in commercial carbon emissions, and a price of
$100 per ton would result in a 28% reduction.},
Key = {fds267067}
}
@article{fds267143,
Author = {Newell, R and Pizer, W and Zhang, J},
Title = {Managing permit markets to stabilize prices},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-157},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/ManagingPermitMarkets.pdf},
Abstract = {The political economy of environmental policy favors the use
of quantity-based instruments over price-based instruments
(e.g., tradable permits over green taxes), at least in the
United States. With cost uncertainty, however, there are
clear efficiency advantages to prices in cases where the
marginal damages of emissions are relatively flat, such as
with greenhouse gases. The question arises, therefore, of
whether one can design flexible quantity policies that mimic
the behavior of price policies, namely stable permit prices
and abatement costs. We explore a number of "quantity- plus"
policies that replicate the behavior of a price policy
through rules that adjust the effective permit cap for
unexpectedly low or high costs. They do so without
necessitating any monetary exchanges between the government
and the regulated firms, which can be a significant
political barrier to the use of price instruments. ©
Springer 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-005-1761-y},
Key = {fds267143}
}
@article{fds267131,
Author = {Newell, RG and Sanchirico, JN and Kerr, S},
Title = {Fishing quota markets},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {437-462},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10270 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In 1986, New Zealand responded to the open-access problem by
establishing the world's largest individual transferable
quota (ITQ) system. Using a 15-year panel dataset from New
Zealand that covers 33 species and more than 150 markets for
fishing quotas, we assess trends in market activity, price
dispersion, and the fundamentals determining quota prices.
We find that market activity is sufficiently high in the
economically important markets and that price dispersion has
decreased. We also find evidence of economically rational
behavior through the relationship between quota lease and
sale prices and fishing output and input prices, ecological
variability, and market interest rates. Controlling for
these factors, our results show a greater increase in quota
prices for fish stocks that faced significant reductions,
consistent with increased profitability due to
rationalization. Overall, this suggests that these markets
are operating reasonably well, implying that ITQs can be
effective instruments for efficient fisheries management. ©
2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2004.06.005},
Key = {fds267131}
}
@misc{fds152184,
Author = {Newell, R.G.},
Title = {The hydrogen economy: Laying out the groundwork},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {156},
Pages = {20-23},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/NewellResourcesHydrogen.pdf},
Key = {fds152184}
}
@article{fds267142,
Author = {Anderson, S and Newell, R},
Title = {Prospects for carbon capture and storage
technologies},
Journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-142},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1543-5938},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/annurev.energy.29.082703.pdf},
Abstract = {Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon
dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations
or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible, with
current costs of about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon.
Although currently a relatively expensive mitigation option,
CCS could be attractive if we have a stringent carbon
policy, if CCS turns out unexpectedly inexpensive relative
to other options, or if it is otherwise desired to retain
fossil fuels as part of the energy mix while reducing carbon
emissions. Near-term prospects favor CCS for electric power
plants and certain industrial sources with storage in
depleted oil and gas reservoirs as opposed to aquifers. Deep
aquifers may provide an attractive longer-term-storage
option, whereas ocean storage poses greater technical and
environmental uncertainty. CCS should be seriously
considered for addressing climate change, alongside energy
efficiency and carbon-free energy, although significant
environmental, technical, and political uncertainties and
obstacles remain.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.energy.29.082703.145619},
Key = {fds267142}
}
@misc{fds267061,
Author = {Newell, RG and Rogers, K},
Title = {Leaded gasoline in the United States: The breakthrough of
permit trading},
Volume = {9781936331468},
Pages = {175-191},
Booktitle = {Choosing Environmental Policy: Comparing Instruments and
Outcomes In the United States and Europe},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {1891853880},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331468},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331468},
Key = {fds267061}
}
@article{fds267066,
Author = {Palmer, K and Newell, R and Gillingham, K},
Title = {Retrospective Examination of Demand-side Energy-efficiency
Policies},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Energy efficiency policies are a primary avenue for reducing
carbon emissions, with potential additional benefits from
improved air quality and energy security. We review
literature on a broad range of existing non-transportation
energy efficiency policies covering appliance standards,
financial incentives, information and voluntary programs,
and government energy use (building and professional codes
are not included). Estimates indicate these programs are
likely to have collectively saved up to 4 quads of energy
annually, with appliance standards and utility demand-side
management likely making up at least half these savings.
Energy Star, Climate Challenge, and 1605b voluntary
emissions reductions may also contribute significantly to
aggregate energy savings, but how much of these savings
would have occurred absent these programs is less clear.
Although even more uncertain, reductions in CO2, NOX, SO2,
and PM-10 associated with energy savings may contribute
about 10% more to the value of energy savings.},
Key = {fds267066}
}
@article{fds267062,
Author = {Kerr, S and Newell, RG and Sanchirico, JN},
Title = {Evaluating the New Zealand individual transerable quota
market for fisheries management},
Pages = {121-134},
Publisher = {OECD},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789264015029},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264015036-6-en},
Abstract = {Inshore fisheries depletion, the development of the
quota-based programme for offshore fisheries, and the
general orientation of the New Zealand government in the
1980s toward deregulation, combined to create an atmosphere
conducive to fundamental change in New Zealand fisheries
management. After several years of consultation with
industry, the Fisheries Amendment Act of 1986 was passed,
creating New Zealand's individual transferable quota (ITQ)
system. Modifying legislation has been passed several times
since, but the basic structure of the system has remained
intact. The system has been evaluated many times since its
inception. Most evaluations have been qualitative in nature
with the emphasis on identifying problems and improving the
design of the regulations. The state of the fish stocks is
reviewed regularly, though significant uncertainty remains.
This report presents results from the first systematic
assessment of the economic efficiency of the system. We
assess only the likely cost efficiency of the ITQ market. We
do not assess the environmental effects of the system and
hence cannot comment on the overall economic efficiency of
the regulation. We begin by giving a brief description of
the ITQ system. We then discuss our motivation and the
institutional framework for the evaluation. We discuss our
methodology and basic results and then compare these with
other evaluations of ITQ fisheries programmes and some other
economic research on the New Zealand system.},
Doi = {10.1787/9789264015036-6-en},
Key = {fds267062}
}
@article{fds267122,
Author = {Anderson, ST and Newell, RG},
Title = {Information programs for technology adoption: The case of
energy-efficiency audits},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-50},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6424 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We analyze technology adoption decisions of manufacturing
plants in response to government-sponsored energy audits.
Overall, plants adopt about half of the recommended
energy-efficiency projects. Using fixed effects logit
estimation, we find that adoption rates are higher for
projects with shorter paybacks, lower costs, greater annual
savings, higher energy prices, and greater energy
conservation. Plants are 40% more responsive to initial
costs than annual savings, suggesting that subsidies may be
more effective at promoting energy-efficient technologies
than energy price increases. Adoption decisions imply hurdle
rates of 50-100%, which is consistent with the investment
criteria small and medium-size firms state they use. © 2003
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2003.07.001},
Key = {fds267122}
}
@article{fds267134,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Uncertain discount rates in climate policy
analysis},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {519-529},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0301-4215},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/EnergyPolicy.pdf},
Abstract = {Consequences in the distant future-such as those from
climate change-have little value today when discounted using
conventional rates. This result contradicts our "gut
feeling" about such problems and often leads to ad hoc
application of lower rates for valuations over longer
horizons-a step facilitated by confusion and disagreement
over the correct rate even over short horizons. We review
the theory and intuition behind the choice of discount rates
now and, importantly, the impact of likely variation in
rates in the future. Correlated changes in future rates
imply that the distant future should be discounted at much
lower rates than suggested by the current rate, thereby
raising the value of future consequences-regardless of
opinions concerning the current rate. Using historic data to
quantity the likely changes and correlation in changes in
future rates, we find that future valuations rise by a
factor of many thousands at horizons of 300 years or more,
almost doubling the expected present value of climate
mitigation benefits relative to constant 4% discounting.
Ironically, uncertainty about future rates reduces the ratio
of valuations based on alternate choices of the current
rate. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00153-8},
Key = {fds267134}
}
@article{fds365725,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Technology Policy for Energy and the Environment},
Journal = {Innovation Policy and the Economy},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {35-68},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ipe.4.25056161},
Doi = {10.1086/ipe.4.25056161},
Key = {fds365725}
}
@misc{fds152185,
Author = {Newell, R.G.},
Title = {Maximising Value in Multi-species Fisheries},
Journal = {Ian Axford Fellowship in Public Policy, New Zealand
Fulbright Program},
Publisher = {Wellington, New Zealand},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/newellr.pdf},
Key = {fds152185}
}
@article{fds267138,
Author = {Anderson, S and Newell, RG},
Title = {Simplified marginal effects in discrete choice
models},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {81},
Number = {3},
Pages = {321-326},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/EconLetters.pdf},
Abstract = {We show that with a simple normalization of explanatory
variables, marginal effects in probit and logit models
simplify dramatically, becoming a function of only the
estimated constant term. Related simplifications hold for
computation of asymptotic variances of these effects. ©
2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0165-1765(03)00212-X},
Key = {fds267138}
}
@article{fds267115,
Author = {Boyd, J and Burtraw, D and Krupnick, A and McConnell, V and Newell, RG and Palmer, K and Sanchirico, JN and Walls, M},
Title = {Trading cases},
Journal = {Environmental Science & Technology},
Volume = {37},
Number = {11},
Pages = {216A-223A},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0013-936X},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/faculty/Newell/EST.pdf},
Abstract = {Trading credits and market-based solutions are steadily
replacing command-and-control policies, But how effective
are these programs, and do they really achieve their goals?
James Boyd, Dallas Burtraw, Alan Krupnick, Virginia
McConnell, Richard Newell, Karen Palmer, James Sanchirico,
and Margaret Walls - all with Resources for the Future -
look at the successes and failures of five very different
trading programs.},
Doi = {10.1021/es032462t},
Key = {fds267115}
}
@article{fds267114,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Chapter 11 Technological change and the environment},
Journal = {Handbook of Environmental Economics},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {461-516},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1574-0099},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0099(03)01016-7},
Abstract = {Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on
issues related to technological change. This is partly
because the environmental consequences of social activity
are frequently affected by the rate and direction of
technological change, and partly because environmental
policy interventions can themselves create constraints and
incentives that have significant effects on the path of
technological progress. This chapter summarizes current
thinking on technological change in the broader economics
literature, surveys the growing economic literature on the
interaction between technology and the environment, and
explores the normative implications of these analyses. We
begin with a brief overview of the economics of
technological change, and then examine theory and empirical
evidence on invention, innovation, and diffusion and the
related literature on the effects of environmental policy on
the creation of new, environmentally friendly technology. We
conclude with suggestions for further research on
technological change and the environment. © 2003 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0099(03)01016-7},
Key = {fds267114}
}
@article{fds267129,
Author = {Kerr, S and Newell, RG},
Title = {Policy-induced technology adoption: Evidence from the U.S.
lead phasedown},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {3},
Pages = {317-343},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0022-1821},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9131 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Theory suggests that economic instruments, such as pollution
taxes or tradable permits, can provide more efficient
technology adoption incentives than conventional regulatory
standards. We explore this issue for an important industry
undergoing dramatic decreases in allowed pollution - the
U.S. petroleum industry's phasedown of lead in gasoline.
Using a duration model applied to a panel of refineries from
1971-1995, we find that the pattern of technology adoption
is consistent with an economic response to market
incentives, plant characteristics, and alternative policies.
Importantly, evidence suggests that the tradable permit
system used during the phasedown provided incentives for
more efficient technology adoption decisions.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-6451.00203},
Key = {fds267129}
}
@article{fds267139,
Author = {Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Cost Heterogeneity and the Potential Savings from
Market-Based Policies},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-59},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0922-680X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6757 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Policy makers and analysts are often faced with situations
where it is unclear whether market-based instruments hold
real promise of reducing costs, relative to conventional
uniform standards. We develop analytic expressions that can
be employed with modest amounts of information to estimate
the potential cost savings associated with market-based
policies, with an application to the environmental policy
realm. These simple formulae can identify instruments that
merit more detailed investigation. We illustrate the use of
these results with an application to nitrogen oxides control
by electric utilities in the United States.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1021879330491},
Key = {fds267139}
}
@article{fds267140,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Discounting the distant future: How much do uncertain rates
increase valuations?},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9133 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We demonstrate that when the future path of the discount
rate is uncertain and highly correlated, the distant future
should be discounted at significantly lower rates than
suggested by the current rate. We then use two centuries of
US interest rate data to quantify this effect. Using both
random walk and mean-reverting models, we compute the
"certainty-equivalent rate" that summarizes the effect of
uncertainty and measures the appropriate forward rate of
discount in the future. Under the random walk model we find
that the certainty-equivalent rate falls continuously from
4% to 2% after 100 years, 1% after 200 years, and 0.5% after
300 years. At horizons of 400 years, the discounted value
increases by a factor of over 40,000 relative to
conventional discounting. Applied to climate change
mitigation, we find that incorporating discount rate
uncertainty almost doubles the expected present value of
mitigation benefits. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00031-1},
Key = {fds267140}
}
@article{fds267141,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Regulating stock externalities under uncertainty},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2 SUPPL.},
Pages = {416-432},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/JEEMstocks.pdf},
Abstract = {Using a simple analytical model incorporating benefits of a
stock, costs of adjusting the stock, and uncertainty in
costs, we uncover several important principles governing the
choice of price-based policies (e.g., taxes) relative to
quantity-based policies (e.g., tradable permits) for
controlling stock externalities. As in Weitzman (Rev.
Econom. Stud. 41(4) (1974) 477), the relative slopes of the
marginal benefits and costs of controlling the externality
continue to be critical determinants of the efficiency of
prices relative to quantities, with flatter marginal
benefits and steeper marginal costs favoring prices. But
some important adjustments for dynamic effects are
necessary, including correlation of cost shocks across time,
discounting, stock decay, and the rate of benefits growth.
Applied to the problem of greenhouse gases and climate
change, we find that a price-based instrument generates
several times the expected net benefits of a quantity
instrument. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00016-5},
Key = {fds267141}
}
@misc{fds152186,
Author = {Jaffe, A.B. and R.G. Newell and R.N. Stavins},
Title = {Technological change and the environment},
Volume = {1},
Series = {Handbooks in Economics series},
Pages = {461-516},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Environmental Economics},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: North-Holland/Elsevier},
Editor = {K.-G. Mäler and J. Vincent},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds152186}
}
@misc{fds152187,
Author = {Sanchirico, J.N. and R.G. Newell},
Title = {Catching market Efficiencies},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {150},
Series = {Spring},
Pages = {8-11},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/PublishedResources.pdf},
Key = {fds152187}
}
@article{fds289606,
Author = {Stavins, RN and Newell, RG},
Title = {Cost Heterogeneity and the Potential Savings from
Market-Based Policies},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Policy makers and analysts are often faced with situations
where it is unclear whether market-based instruments hold
real promise of reducing costs, relative to conventional
uniform standards. We develop analytic expressions that can
be employed with modest amounts of information to estimate
the potential cost savings associated with market-based
policies, with an application to the environmental policy
realm. These simple formulae can help increase intuition and
understanding of the sources of cost savings, and help
identify and design instruments that merit more detailed
investigation. We illustrate the use of these results with
an application to nitrogen oxides control by electric
utilities in the United States.},
Key = {fds289606}
}
@article{fds267110,
Author = {Newell, R and Pizer, W},
Title = {Discounting the Benefits of Climate Change Policies Using
Uncertain Rates},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {Winter},
Number = {146},
Pages = {15-20},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C. Resources for the Future,
Inc.},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-7376},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7075 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Evaluating environmental policies, such as the mitigation of
greenhouse gases, frequently requires balancing near-term
mitigation costs against long-term environmental benefits.
Conventional approaches to valuing such investments hold
interest rates constant, but the authors contend that there
is a real degree of uncertainty in future interest rates.
This leads to a higher valuation of future benefits relative
to conventional methods that ignore interest rate
uncertainty.},
Key = {fds267110}
}
@article{fds267137,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Environmental policy and technological change},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {41-70},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10271 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The relationship between technological change and
environmental policy has received increasing attention from
scholars and policy makers alike over the past ten years.
This is partly because the environmental impacts of social
activity are significantly affected by technological change,
and partly because environmental policy interventions
themselves create new constraints and incentives that affect
the process of technological developments. Our central
purpose in this article is to provide environmental
economists with a useful guide to research on technological
change and the analytical tools that can be used to explore
further the interaction between technology and the
environment. In Part 1 of the article, we provide an
overview of analytical frameworks for investigating the
economics of technological change, highlighting key issues
for the researcher. In Part 2, we turn our attention to
theoretical analysis of the effects of environmental policy
on technological change, and in Part 3, we focus on issues
related to the empirical analysis of technology innovation
and diffusion. Finally, we conclude in Part 4 with some
additional suggestions for research.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1015519401088},
Key = {fds267137}
}
@misc{fds60875,
Author = {Newell, R.G. and A.B. Jaffe and R.N. Stavins},
Title = {The Induced Innovation Hypothesis and Energy-Saving
Technological Change},
Pages = {97-126},
Booktitle = {Technological Change and the Environment},
Publisher = {RFF Press, Washington, DC},
Editor = {A. Grubler and N. Nakicenovic and W.D. Nordhaus},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/RFFbookch05-newell.pdf},
Key = {fds60875}
}
@misc{fds267103,
Author = {Newell, R},
Title = {Discounting the Benefits of Climate Change Mitigation: How
Much Do Uncertain Rates Increase Valuations?},
Pages = {52 pages},
Publisher = {Pew Center on Blobal Climate Change, Washington,
DC},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7542 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267103}
}
@article{fds267048,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Technological Change and the Environment},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on
issues related to technological change. This is partly
because the environmental consequences of social activity
are frequently affected by the rate and direction of
technological change, and partly because environmental
policy interventions can themselves create constraints and
incentives that have significant effects on the path of
technological progress. This paper, prepared as a chapter
draft for the forthcoming Handbook of Environmental
Economics (North-Holland/Elsevier Science), summarizes
current thinking on technological change in the broader
economics literature, surveys the growing economic
literature on the interaction between technology and the
environment, and explores the normative implications of
these analyses. We begin with a brief overview of the
economics of technological change, and then examine theory
and empirical evidence on invention, innovation, and
diffusion and the related literature on the effects of
environmental policy on the creation of new, environmentally
friendly technology. We conclude with suggestions for
further research on technological change and the
environment.},
Key = {fds267048}
}
@article{fds267052,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Discounting the Distant Future: How Much Do Uncertain Rates
Increase Valuations?},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Costs and benefits in the distant future, such as those
associated with global warming, long-lived infrastructure,
hazardous and radioactive waste, and biodiversity often have
little value today when measured with conventional discount
rates. We demonstrate that when the future path of this
conventional rate is uncertain and persistent (i.e., highly
correlated over time), the distant future should be
discounted at lower rates than suggested by the current
rate. We then use two centuries of data on U.S. interest
rates to quantify this effect. Using both random walk and
mean-reverting models, we compute the certainty-equivalent
rate that is, the single discount rate that summarizes the
effect of uncertainty and measures the appropriate forward
rate of discount in the future. Using the random walk model,
which we consider more compelling, we find that the
certainty-equivalent rate falls from 4%, to 2% after 100
years, 1% after 200 years, and 0.5% after 300 years. If we
use these rates to value consequences at horizons of 400
years, the discounted value increases by a factor of over
40,000 relative to conventional discounting. Applying the
random walk model to the consequences of climate change, we
find that inclusion of discount rate uncertainty almost
doubles the expected present value of mitigation
benefits.},
Key = {fds267052}
}
@article{fds267049,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Technological Change and the Environment},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on
issues related to technological change. This is partly
because the environmental consequences of social activity
are frequently affected by the rate and direction of
technological change, and partly because environmental
policy interventions can themselves create constraints and
incentives that have significant effects on the path of
technological progress. This paper, prepared as a chapter
draft for the forthcoming Handbook of Environmental
Economics (North-Holland/Elsevier Science), summarizes for
environmental economists current thinking on technological
change in the broader economics literature, surveys the
growing economic literature on the interaction between
technology and the environment, and explores the normative
implications of these analyses. We begin with a brief
overview of the economics of technological change, and then
examine three important areas where technology and the
environment intersect: the theory and empirical evidence of
induced innovation and the related literature on the effects
of environmental policy on the creation of new,
environmentally friendly technology; the theory and empirics
of environmental issues related to technology diffusion; and
analyses of the comparative technological impacts of
alternative environmental policy instruments. We conclude
with suggestions for further research on technological
change and the environment.},
Key = {fds267049}
}
@article{fds267136,
Author = {Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Climate change and forest sinks: Factors affecting the costs
of carbon sequestration},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {211-235},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10272 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The possibility of encouraging the growth of forests as a
means of sequestering carbon dioxide has received
considerable attention, partly because of evidence that this
can be a relatively inexpensive means of combating climate
change. But how sensitive are such estimates to specific
conditions? We examine the sensitivity of carbon
sequestration costs to changes in critical factors,
including the nature of management and deforestation
regimes, silvicultural species, relative prices, and
discount rates. (C) 2000 Academic Press.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1999.1120},
Key = {fds267136}
}
@article{fds267054,
Author = {Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Abatement-Cost Heterogeneity and Anticipated Savings from
Market-Based Environmental Policies},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Policy makers and policy analysts in the environmental realm
are frequently faced with situations where it is unclear
whether market-based instruments hold real promise of
reducing costs, relative to conventional command-and-control
approaches. We develop some simple rules-of-thumb that can
be employed with minimal amounts of information to estimate
the potential cost savings that can be anticipated from
designing and implementing market-based policy instruments.
Because our analytical models are simple, yet capture key
properties of pollution abatement cost functions, they can
be used to predict potential cost savings through simple
formulae. Our hope is that these simple formulae can aid
policy analysts and policy makers in the early stages of
exploring alternative policy instruments by helping them
identify approaches that merit greater attention and more
detailed analysis.},
Key = {fds267054}
}
@article{fds267057,
Author = {Jaffe, AB and Newell, RG and Stavins, RN},
Title = {Energy-Efficient Technologies and Climate Change Policies:
Issues and Evidence},
Pages = {171-181},
Booktitle = {Climate Change Economics and Policy: An RFF Anthology
(Chapter 17)},
Publisher = {RFF Press, Washington, DC},
Editor = {M. Toman},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/chap2017.pdf},
Abstract = {Enhanced energy efficiency occupies a central role in
evaluating the efficacy and cost of climate change policies.
Ultimately, total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the
product of population, economic activity per capita, energy
use per unit of economic activity, and the carbon intensity
of energy used. Although greenhouse gas emissions can be
limited by reducing economic activity, this option obviously
has little appeal even to rich countries, let alone poor
ones. Much attention has therefore been placed on the role
that technological improvements can play in reducing carbon
emissions and in lowering the cost of those reductions. In
addition, the influence of technological changes on the
emission, concentration, and cost of reducing GHGs will tend
to overwhelm other factors, especially in the longer term.
Understanding the process of technological change is
therefore of utmost importance. Nonetheless, the task of
measuring, modeling, and ultimately influencing the path of
technological development is fraught with complexity and
uncertainty?as are the technologies themselves. Although
there is little debate over the importance of energy
efficiency in limiting GHG emissions, there is intense
debate about its cost-effectiveness and about the government
policies that should be pursued to enhance energy
efficiency. At the risk of excessive simplification, we can
characterize "technologists" as believing that there are
plentiful opportunities for low-cost, or even
"negative-cost" improvements in energy efficiency, and that
realizing these opportunities will require active
intervention in markets for energy-using equipment to help
overcome barriers to the use of more efficient technologies.
Most economists, on the other hand, acknowledge that there
are "market barriers" to the penetration of various
technologies that enhance energy efficiency, but that only
some of these barriers represent real "market failures" that
reduce economic efficiency. In this essay, we examine what
lies behind this dichotomy in perspectives. Ultimately, the
veracity of different perspectives is an empirical question
and reliable empirical evidence on the issues identified
above is surprisingly limited. We review the evidence that
is available, finding that although energy and technology
markets certainly are not perfect (no markets are), the
balance of evidence supports the view that there is not as
much "free lunch" in energy efficiency as some would
suggest. On the other hand, a case can be made for the
existence of certain inefficiencies in energy technology
markets, thus raising the possibility of some inexpensive
GHG control through energy-efficiency enhancement. We
conclude with some reflections on the role of appropriate
energy efficiency policy in climate change
mitigation.},
Key = {fds267057}
}
@article{fds267135,
Author = {Newell, RG and Jaffe, AB and Stavins, RN},
Title = {The induced innovation hypothesis and energy-saving
technological change},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {114},
Number = {3},
Pages = {941-975},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9135 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We develop a methodology for testing Hicks's induced
innovation hypothesis by estimating a product-characteristics
model of energy-using consumer durables, augmenting the
hypothesis to allow for the influence of government
regulations. For the products we explored, the evidence
suggests that (i) the rate of overall innovation was
independent of energy prices and regulations; (ii) the
direction of innovation was responsive to energy price
changes for some products but not for others; (iii) energy
price changes induced changes in the subset of technically
feasible models that were offered for sale; (iv) this
responsiveness increased substantially during the period
after energy-efficiency product labeling was required; and
(v) nonetheless, a sizable portion of efficiency
improvements were autonomous.},
Doi = {10.1162/003355399556188},
Key = {fds267135}
}
@article{fds361819,
Author = {Berg, M and Nevin, R and Newell, R},
Title = {Overview: Waste management},
Journal = {Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable
Development},
Volume = {34},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2-3},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.1992.9930936},
Doi = {10.1080/00139157.1992.9930936},
Key = {fds361819}
}
@article{fds267093,
Author = {NEWELL, RG and FEUSTON, BP and GAROFALINI, SH},
Title = {THE STRUCTURE OF SODIUM TRISILICATE GLASS VIA
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS EMPLOYING 3-BODY POTENTIALS},
Journal = {Journal of Materials Research},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {434-439},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0884-2914},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989T619400029&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1557/JMR.1989.0434},
Key = {fds267093}
}
@article{fds267092,
Author = {Feuston, BP and Newell, RN and Garofalini, SH},
Title = {Application of a New Three-Body Potential to Vitreous Silica
and Sodium Silicate Glasses},
Journal = {Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings},
Volume = {141},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-141-207},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>An empirical
three-body potential, suitable for molecular dynamics (MD)
simulations, has been developed to model the natural
covalency of the Si-O bond in vitreous silica and silicate
glass systems. Through the addition of a small
directional-dependent three-body term to a previously used
modified ionic pair interaction, a narrow distribution of
tetrahedral angles and a low concentration of defects were
obtained, in good agreement with experiment. The structure
of bulk silica resulting from the MD technique also
contained a larger average ring size, no edge-sharing
tetrahedra, and a calculated static structure factor in good
agreement with neutron diffraction results. The simulated
sodium silicate glass was also largely improved over
previous simulations using pair interactions alone. All
silicon atoms were found to be exactly four coordinated
while the number of non-bridging oxygen nearly equaled the
number of sodium ions present with a reasonable distribution
of Q<jats:sub>i</jats:sub> species.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1557/proc-141-207},
Key = {fds267092}
}
@misc{fds70491,
Author = {Anderson, S.T. and R.G. Newell},
Title = {Prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage
Technologies},
Journal = {Discussion Paper 02-68, Resources for the
Future},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/newell/Newell_0268.pdf},
Key = {fds70491}
}
%% Nolan, Zachary
@article{fds341377,
Author = {McManus, B and Nevo, A and Nolan, Z and Williams,
JW},
Title = {Steering Incentives and Bundling Practices in the
Telecommunications Industry},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds341377}
}
%% Olivero, Maria Pia
@article{fds26512,
Author = {Maria Pia Olivero},
Title = {"Trade, Non-Competitive Banking and the International
Transmission of Business Cycles” (job market
paper)},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mpo4/research/final-banking.pdf},
Abstract = {To study the international transmission of business cycles
among big countries, I extend a standard two-country RBC
model through the introduction of trade in two different
goods, a non-competitive banking sector and endogenously
countercyclical markups in the market for loans. Having two
goods and specialization in production generates both demand
and terms of trade effects. Using non-competitive behavior
in the financial sector to explain the international
transmission of shocks is a novel feature of the model. It
also produces a financial accelerator with interesting
policy implications. Countercyclical markups are consistent
with the empirical facts documented in Olivero (2004). The
paper is embedded in the literature that endogenously
delivers this countercyclicality, challenging the
traditional industrial organization approach. In the
calibration exercise I offer a potential solution to the
"consumption - output" or "quantity" anomaly and I match the
cross-country comovement of investment and employment and
the countercyclicality of net exports.},
Key = {fds26512}
}
@article{fds26513,
Author = {Maria Pia Olivero},
Title = {"The Cyclical Behavior of Net Interest Margins in the United
States Banking Sector: An Empirical Analysis"},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mpo4/research/empirical-web.pdf},
Abstract = {In this empirical paper I study the cyclical behavior of net
interest margins and of the elasticity of the demand for
credit in the United States banking industry, using time
series quarterly data for the 1976-2003 period. I document
the countercyclicality of price-cost margins and the
procyclicality of the price elasticity of the demand for
credit. To my knowledge, this has never been done before.
Banks spreads are countercyclical even when controlling for
default risk, countercyclical monetary policy, and changes
in banking regulation, among other issues. My findings
provide empirical support to two of the main assumptions
used in Olivero (2004) (my job market paper) to solve some
anomalies in the international real business cycles
literature. There the main mechanism at work relies on
countercyclical net interest margins in the market for
credit. The latter are in turn derived from a non-
isoelastic demand for credit, with a procyclical price
elasticity.},
Key = {fds26513}
}
@article{fds26514,
Author = {Maria Pia Olivero},
Title = {"The Puzzles in International Business Cycle Models: The
Role of Government Expenditure"},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~mpo4/research/puzzles},
Abstract = {In this paper I introduce trade in goods and demand shocks
into an otherwise standard general equilibrium two-country
model. Demand shocks originate from government expenditure
which is financed by a tax on labor income. I offer a
potential explanation to some discrepancies between the data
and what standard models predict. I focus specifically on
“the consumption / output / productivity anomaly” and
“the price variability anomaly”. A related objective is
to reproduce other stylized facts, namely, the positive
cross-country comovement of investment and employment and
the counter- cyclicality of net exports.},
Key = {fds26514}
}
%% Palandri, Alessandro
@misc{fds41983,
Author = {Alessandro Palandri},
Title = {Sequential Conditional Correlations: Inference and
Evaluation},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds41983}
}
@misc{fds41984,
Author = {Tim Bollerslev and Fulvio Corsi and Alessandro Palandri and Angelo
Ranaldo},
Title = {Tick-by-tick Realized Correlations and Multivariate Dynamics
Modeling},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds41984}
}
%% Pattanayak, Subhrendu K.
@article{fds376226,
Author = {Krishnapriya, PP and Pattanayak, SK and Somanathan, E and Keil, A and Jat, ML and Sidhu, HS and Shyamsundar, P},
Title = {Mitigating agricultural residue burning: challenges and
solutions across land classes in Punjab,
India},
Journal = {Environmental Research: Food Systems},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {015001-015001},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2024},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2976-601x/ad2689},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>India faces
significant air quality challenges, contributing to local
health and global climate concerns. Despite a national ban
on agricultural residue burning and various incentive
schemes, farmers in northern India continue to face
difficulties in curbing open-field burning. Using data from
1021 farming households in rural Punjab in India, we examine
the patterns and drivers of the adoption of no-burn
agriculture, particularly for farmers who mulch instead of
burning crop residue. We find a growing trend in no-burn
farming practices among farmers between 2015 and 2017, with
the highest adoption rates among large farmers compared to
medium and small farmers. Our findings suggest that access
to equipment and learning opportunities may increase the
likelihood of farmers using straw as mulch instead of
burning it. Specifically, social learning appears to
increase the likelihood of farmers embracing no-burn
practices relative to learning from extension agencies.
Furthermore, the form of learning depends on farm size.
While large and medium farmers exhibit a variety of learning
strategies, small farmers primarily self-learn. These
results underscore the importance of a multiprong policy
that provides sufficient access to equipment and a
combination of learning platforms that enabling farmers from
different land classes to adopt no-burn technologies.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1088/2976-601x/ad2689},
Key = {fds376226}
}
@article{fds376001,
Author = {Pakhtigian, EL and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Social setting, gender, and preferences for improved
sanitation: Evidence from experimental games in rural
India},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {177},
Year = {2024},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106556},
Abstract = {Unimproved sanitation and hygiene practices present a
persistent threat to public health and well-being.
Increasing the adoption of safe hygiene and sanitation
requires both technological investments as well as
behavioral change, suggesting that social contexts may be
important in determining the success of efforts towards
improved sanitation and hygiene. We examine how the social
setting, particularly the gender balance of decision-making
spaces, influences stated preferences for improving
sanitation using a lab-in-the-field experiment. We designed
a sanitation-themed public goods game in which participants
made contributions that corresponded to varying levels of
sanitation and hygiene investments. We implemented these
games with over 1500 participants in 69 villages in rural
Bihar and Odisha, India, randomly varying group gender
composition (women only, men only, and mixed gender). Our
study finds that individuals playing in single gender groups
make larger contributions; these increases are driven by
women playing in groups with only women. In mixed gender
groups, contributions increase with the share of male
participants and over rounds played. We also find that
preferences elicited via experimental games are correlated
with revealed preferences for hygiene and sanitation –
game behavior and sanitation practices are positively
correlated for men and negatively correlated for women.
Collectively, our findings suggest that sanitation promotion
programs, which rightfully focus on community mobilization,
could be more effective if they explicitly incorporated
gender preferences and considered the social decision-making
environment in their design},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106556},
Key = {fds376001}
}
@article{fds370431,
Author = {Das, I and Klug, T and Krishnapriya, PP and Plutshack, V and Saparapa,
R and Scott, S and Sills, E and Kara, N and Pattanayak, SK and Jeuland,
M},
Title = {Frameworks, methods and evidence connecting modern domestic
energy services and gender empowerment},
Journal = {Nature Energy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {435-449},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01234-7},
Abstract = {The world remains far from meeting Sustainable Development
Goals 5 (gender equality) and 7 (universal access to modern
energy). Energy access may empower women even as empowered
women are more likely to adopt and use modern energy
services. Such bidirectional linkages are underappreciated
in the empirical literature, which typically estimates
unidirectional relationships based on simple binary
indicators. Here we review theoretical frameworks on
women’s empowerment, take stock of the empirical
literature on the connections between women’s empowerment
and energy access, and place empirical results in the
context of the theoretical literature. We highlight major
knowledge gaps that require further attention from
researchers and practitioners. In particular, we recommend
the use of more comprehensive measures of energy services,
the consideration of a richer set of gender empowerment
indicators and the application of pluralistic methods to
address the challenges of understanding how energy
intersects with gender.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41560-023-01234-7},
Key = {fds370431}
}
@article{fds370302,
Author = {Ambec, S and Nauges, C and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Introduction to the SETI special issue},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {72},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101361},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101361},
Key = {fds370302}
}
@article{fds370430,
Author = {Chandrasekaran, M and Krishnapriya, PP and Jeuland, M and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Gender empowerment and energy access: evidence from seven
countries},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acc2d3},
Abstract = {Gender equity is connected to modern energy services in many
ways, but quantitative empirical work on these connections
is limited. We examine the relationship between a
multi-dimensional measure of women’s empowerment and
access to improved cookstoves, clean fuels, and electricity.
We use the World Bank Multi-Tier Framework survey datasets
from seven countries that include almost 25 000 households
in Africa and Asia. First, we apply principal component
analysis to construct a household level empowerment index,
using data on women’s education, credit access, social
capital, mobility, and employment. Then, we use simple
regression analysis to study the correlation between
empowerment and energy access at the household level. We
find a positive association between the women’s
empowerment index and energy access variables, though this
household pattern does not hold across all countries and
contexts. While we do not claim that these relationships are
causal, to our knowledge this is a fresh analysis of how the
empowerment of women is differentially correlated with
household energy access across geographies and technologies.
Thus, our analysis provides a first step to further work
aimed at clarifying gender-energy linkages.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/acc2d3},
Key = {fds370430}
}
@article{fds366643,
Author = {Tan-Soo, JS and Finkelstein, E and Pattanayak, S and Qin, P and Zhang,
X and Jeuland, M},
Title = {Air quality valuation using online surveys in three Asian
megacities},
Journal = {Resources, Environment and Sustainability},
Volume = {10},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100090},
Abstract = {Due to worsening air quality across many cities in
developing countries, there is an urgent need to consider
more aggressive air pollution control measures. Valuation of
the benefits of clean air is crucial for establishing the
rationale for such policies, but is methodologically
challenging, often expensive, and therefore remains limited.
This study assesses the potential for more standardized and
cost-effective measurement of the demand for air quality
improvements, applying a contingent valuation procedure via
online surveys, in three Asian megacities facing severe but
varying pollution problems — Beijing, Delhi, and Jakarta.
The study's primary contribution is to demonstrate the
viability of this approach, which significantly enhances
comparability of valuations and their drivers across
locations, and thereby has great potential for informing
policy analysis and targeting of specific interventions. A
second contribution is to supply sorely needed data on the
benefits of clean air in these three particular Asian
cities, which collectively have a population of about 50
million people. The annual willingness-to-pay for air
quality to reach national standards is estimated to be
US$150 in Jakarta (where average PM2.5 concentration, at 45
μg/m3, exceeds national standards by the smallest amount,
specifically a factor of 1.3), US$1845 in Beijing (PM2.5 at
58 μg/m3, 1.7 times the standard), and US$1760 in Delhi
(PM2.5 at 133 μg/m3, 3.3 times the standard). The methods
deployed could be applied more widely to construct a
worldwide database of comparable air quality
valuations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100090},
Key = {fds366643}
}
@article{fds367851,
Author = {Hassen, S and Beyene, AD and Jeuland, M and Mekonnen, A and Meles, TH and Sebsibie, S and Klug, T and Pattanayak, SK and Toman,
MA},
Title = {Effect of electricity price reform on households’
electricity consumption in urban Ethiopia},
Journal = {Utilities Policy},
Volume = {79},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2022.101445},
Abstract = {Until recently, the price of electricity in Ethiopia was
among the lowest in the world. Such low prices have
contributed to a substantial financial deficit for the
government-owned electric utility and led to a degradation
in the quality of electricity services delivered to
customers. In December 2018, the utility increased the
electricity tariff to help to finance improvements in the
quality of electricity services. This paper studies the
effect of the revised tariff on urban household electricity
consumption and alternative fuel expenditure. The study
relied on two rounds of household survey data and six years
of electricity consumption data from the utility company.
The study finds that prepaid customers reduced their
electricity consumption by about 22 kWh per month in the
post-tariff-adjustment periods, equivalent to about 10% of
electricity expenditure and 14% of daily consumption. In the
overall sample, however, consumption slightly increased over
time. These results imply that the price elasticity of
demand for electricity in urban Ethiopia is highly
inelastic. Moreover, households did not shift substantially
toward the use of alternative fuels. The findings indicate
that governments and utilities in settings where electricity
is priced well below cost-covering levels may be able to
increase revenues and improve their balance sheets with
relatively modest effects on households’ electricity
consumption, though effects from more substantial tariff
hikes should be examined.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jup.2022.101445},
Key = {fds367851}
}
@article{fds366644,
Author = {Beyene, AD and Jeuland, M and Sebsibie, S and Hassen, S and Mekonnen, A and Meles, TH and Pattanayak, SK and Klug, T},
Title = {Pre-paid meters and household electricity use behaviors:
Evidence from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {170},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113251},
Abstract = {In low-income countries such as Ethiopia, pre-paid metering
is often argued to alleviate several challenges with
traditional electricity billing systems, including high
non-payment rate, pilferage and fraud, administrative and
enforcement costs for utilities, and inflexibility and
incongruence of bills with poorer consumers' irregular
income. Despite increasing adoption of this technology, few
studies examine its causal impacts on household behaviour.
This paper examines the impacts of pre-paid metering on
electricity consumption, ownership of appliances, level of
satisfaction, and cooking behaviour in Addis Ababa, the
capital of Ethiopia. We employ propensity score matching and
instrumental variable techniques to control for the
non-random selection into pre-paid metering. Results
indicate that pre-paid customers have significantly lower
electricity consumption compared to those with traditional
meters, and express greater satisfaction with utility
service. This technology also has a positive, but modest and
statistically insignificant impact on total appliance
ownership, and a positive and significant impact on
ownership of energy-efficient lights. Impacts are
heterogeneous across customers, however: those who are more
educated, who have higher income, and who do not share
meters tend to reduce electricity use more. The results
suggest that pre-paid meters have had positive impacts on
households and the utility in Addis Ababa.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113251},
Key = {fds366644}
}
@article{fds368294,
Author = {Pakhtigian, EL and Downs-Tepper, H and Anson, A and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {COVID-19, public health messaging, and sanitation and
hygiene practices in rural India},
Journal = {Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for
Development},
Volume = {12},
Number = {11},
Pages = {828-837},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2022.134},
Abstract = {Despite the importance of safe sanitation and hygiene for
sustainable development and public health, approximately
half of India’s rural population lacks access to safely
managed sanitation. Policies prioritizing improved
sanitation access have accelerated coverage, yet barriers to
universal access and use remain. In this paper, we
investigate how personal experience with a public health
shock impacts recall of public health messages and
households’ sanitation and hygiene practices. Using a
panel survey conducted before and after the first wave of
the COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting lockdown, in Bihar,
India, we compare public health messaging recall and hygiene
and sanitation beha-viors among households that experienced
severe economic disruptions due to the COVID-19 lockdown and
those that did not. We find that households that experienced
economic disruptions had a higher recall of public health
messaging around safe sanitation and hygiene. In addition,
households that experienced these disruptions reported more
social distancing, increased handwashing behavior, and
reduced open defecation. A major public health shock, the
COVID-19 pandemic, increased messaging around the importance
of safe hygiene and sanitation for public health in India.
We find that personal experience increased the salience of
public health messaging, with positive returns to sanitation
and hygiene practices.},
Doi = {10.2166/washdev.2022.134},
Key = {fds368294}
}
@article{fds367633,
Author = {Bharadwaj, B and Pattanayak, SK and Ashworth, P},
Title = {Space matters: reducing energy disparity in Nepal through
spatially equitable renewable energy subsidies},
Journal = {Environmental Research Communications},
Volume = {4},
Number = {10},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac9458},
Abstract = {Affordability is a major barrier to the adoption of clean
energy technologies in low-income countries, which is partly
why many governments provide subsidies to offset some of the
upfront (installation) costs. However, simple administrative
rules might not fully account for economic geography,
resulting in lower subsidies for remote areas. Using
regression analysis on a rich dataset of adoption, cost and
subsidy for about 4000 Nepalese Village Development
Committees over 22 years, we show that administratively
determined lumpsum subsidies disproportionately hurt remote
communities. Simulations show that adjusting the subsidy
spatially to reflect the geographic cost of living, can
increase clean technology adoption. Thus, spatial targeting
of subsidies is key to accelerating energy access in remote
settings such as the Hindu Kush Himalaya.},
Doi = {10.1088/2515-7620/ac9458},
Key = {fds367633}
}
@article{fds363827,
Author = {Pakhtigian, EL and Dickinson, KL and Orgill-Meyer, J and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Sustaining latrine use: Peers, policies, and sanitation
behaviors},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {200},
Pages = {223-242},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.05.024},
Abstract = {One third of the world's population lacks access to improved
sanitation facilities with ramifications for health, human
well-being, and economic development. Although household
latrines offer a relatively cheap technological solution,
initiatives for universal coverage have fallen short of
their goals. In this paper, we analyze a unique panel
dataset to examine policies and peer effects as drivers of
household sanitation behaviors over time. Our data include
nearly 1000 rural Indian households across 39 villages
surveyed at five time points over a 14-year period during
which two distinct sanitation policy interventions occurred.
Using spatial data on household locations to define peer
reference groups, we estimate how the sanitation behaviors
of neighbors influence latrine use, both at the household
level and by gender. We find evidence that, while external
interventions can be effective in increasing latrine use in
the short term, sustained household latrine use consistently
depends on neighbors’ behavior. We also examine within-
and across-group peer influences by examining patterns of
latrine use among adult women and men. We find clear
evidence that latrine use by neighboring women positively
influences sanitation behaviors for both women and men,
while latrine use among neighboring men has imprecisely
estimated and small positive effects on men's behaviors and
no effect on women's behaviors. These finding suggest that
peer influences represent an important mechanism underlying
household sanitation behavior, and policies that leverage
these social effects, such as investments expanding women's
access to sanitation and other drivers of behavior change,
may be more effective and sustainable.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2022.05.024},
Key = {fds363827}
}
@article{fds362562,
Author = {Talevi, M and Pattanayak, SK and Das, I and Lewis, JJ and Singha,
AK},
Title = {Speaking from experience: Preferences for cooking with
biogas in rural India},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {107},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105796},
Abstract = {Biogas has the potential to satisfy the clean energy needs
of millions of households in under-served and energy-poor
rural areas, while reducing both private and social costs
linked to (i) fuels for household cooking, (ii) fertilizers,
(iii) pressure on forests, and (iv) emissions (e.g., PM2.5
and methane) that damage both household health and global
climate. While the literature has focused on identifying
these costs, less attention has been paid to household
preferences for biogas systems — specifically what
attributes are popular with which types of households. We
conduct a discrete choice experiment with 503 households in
rural Odisha, India, to better characterize preferences for
different attributes (smoke reduction, fuel efficiency, and
maintenance) and for different cooking technologies (biogas
and an improved biomass cookstove). We find that on average
households value smoke reduction and fuel efficiency.
Willingness to pay (WTP) a premium for the improved biomass
cookstove is low, while willingness to pay a premium for
biogas is high. Nonetheless, WTP varies by the type of
previous experience with biogas (e.g., good or bad
experience) and with time and risk preferences of
households. While risk-averse and impatient respondents have
lower WTP for the improved cookstoves, previous experience
with biogas attenuates this gap. These findings suggest that
biogas uptake and diffusion could be improved by
complementing existing subsidies with technology trials,
good quality products, maintenance, and customer services to
reduce uncertainty.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105796},
Key = {fds362562}
}
@article{fds359603,
Author = {Capitán, T and Alpízar, F and Madrigal-Ballestero, R and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Time-varying pricing may increase total electricity
consumption: Evidence from Costa Rica},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {66},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2021.101264},
Abstract = {We study the implementation of a time-varying pricing (TVP)
program by a major electricity utility in Costa Rica.
Because of particular features of the data, we use recently
developed understanding of the two-way fixed effects
differences-in-differences estimator along with event-study
specifications to interpret our results. Similar to previous
research, we find that the program reduces consumption
during peak-hours. However, in contrast with previous
research, we find that the program increases total
consumption. With a stylized economic model, we show how
these seemingly conflicted results may not be at odds. The
key element of the model is that previous research used data
from rich countries, in which the use of heating and cooling
devices drives electricity consumption, but we use data from
a tropical middle-income country, where very few households
have heating or cooling devices. Since there is not much
room for technological changes (which might reduce
consumption at all times), behavioral changes to reduce
consumption during peak hours are not enough to offset the
increased consumption during off-peak hours (when
electricity is cheaper). Our results serve as a cautionary
piece of evidence for policy makers interested in reducing
consumption during peak hours—the goal can potentially be
achieved with TVP, but the cost is increased total
consumption},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2021.101264},
Key = {fds359603}
}
@article{fds359079,
Author = {Meles, TH and Mekonnen, A and Beyene, AD and Hassen, S and Pattanayak,
SK and Sebsibie, S and Klug, T and Jeuland, M},
Title = {Households' valuation of power outages in major cities of
Ethiopia: An application of stated preference
methods},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {102},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105527},
Abstract = {In many developing countries, electricity consumers
experience frequent supply interruptions, leading to high
coping costs and stifled investment, which contribute to
energy poverty. In 2019, we implemented stated preference
experiments to estimate households' preferences for improved
electricity supply in a nationally representative sample of
urban households, covering 42 cities in Ethiopia. In the
first split-sample experiment, we presented respondents with
a contingent valuation (CV) scenario that alternatively
elicited their willingness to pay (WTP) for reduced
evening-time power outages, or their willingness to accept
(WTA) compensation for increased disruptions. Then, we
implemented a discrete choice experiment with the same
respondents to understand preferences for the frequency,
duration and time of a day attributes of outages, as well as
the value of advanced notification. The results from the CV
survey show that household WTP is approximately 40 birr
(US$1.4) for a three-hour reduction of duration in power
outages in the evening and that WTA is 42 birr (US$1.4) for
a similar increase in the duration of outages during that
period. The choice experiment meanwhile reveals that
household WTP is 11 birr (US$0.4) for a one-unit reduction
in the number of outages and 53 birr (US$1.8) to avoid
daytime or nighttime outages relative to morning outages, on
average. Households prefer a day prior outage notification
to a week prior notification, with a marginal WTP of 23 birr
(US$0.8). Information about the value of such outage
attributes can help inform strategies that better address
electricity consumers' preferences and needs. We finally
discussed the relationship between energy poverty and
preferences for improved electricity supply.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105527},
Key = {fds359079}
}
@article{fds358722,
Author = {Krishnapriya, PP and Chandrasekaran, M and Jeuland, M and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Do improved cookstoves save time and improve gender
outcomes? Evidence from six developing countries},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {102},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105456},
Abstract = {Three billion people around the world lack access to
affordable and reliable clean cooking energy. The case for
clean energy has largely been built around health and or
environmental benefits, neglecting potentially sizeable
benefit(s): when households have clean energy, they can save
time and reduce drudgery. Clean energy can reduce poverty.
But how large are time savings from the adoption and use of
improved cookstoves (ICS)? Do these benefits accrue
especially to women? To answer these questions, we develop a
conceptual framework based on household production, and then
employ two complementary empirical methods. First, we review
the impact evaluation literature that estimates time savings
from use of various ICS. Second, we conduct multivariable
regression analysis of Multi-Tier Framework (MTF) data from
six countries to estimate the impacts of ICS on time spent
on cooking. The review and econometric estimation offer
consistent evidence that ICS can help households save time,
but the estimated savings vary across locations,
technologies, and study methods. Time savings (i) are
consistent across both rural and urban areas, (ii) are
greatest for fuel collection and preparation (rather than
cooking), (iii) accrue to both women and men, and (iv) are
highest for more advanced technologies and fuels (like
electricity, LPG, and biogas). Overall, our pooled
econometric estimates suggest that ICS use leads households
to save about 34 min per day. Our estimate is lower than the
average of estimates in the literature (68 min/day), but not
so different from the average among a lower cluster of
estimates (29 min/day). While our work illuminates
shortcomings inherent in current research on this topic, our
results constitute an important first step towards advancing
the practice of quantification of time savings from
household energy interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105456},
Key = {fds358722}
}
@article{fds355591,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {The effectiveness of protected areas in the context of
decentralization},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {142},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105446},
Abstract = {While protected areas (PA) remain a key conservation
strategy globally, their performance is likely shaped by the
socio-political context in which they exist. Although
decentralization is a good example of such a contextual
phenomenon in multiple locations globally, it is rare to
find quantitative empirical analyses of how it moderates PA
effectiveness. We evaluate how the decentralization in
Indonesia (proxied by the introduction of direct elections,
district head (bupati) change, and district splitting)
influenced PA effectiveness between 2000 and 2008. Focusing
on three outcomes - deforestation, forest fragmentation, and
fires, we apply a quasi-experimental approach to a carefully
constructed spatially explicit village-level panel dataset,
combined with geospatial biophysical and physio-geographic
data. We hypothesize that the moderating influence of
decentralization on PA effectiveness depends on whether
decentralization increased threats to forests, strengthened
local accountability, or weakened enforcement. On average,
we find direct elections improved the PA impact in terms of
reducing deforestation in protected villages, but had no
statistically significant effect on forest fragmentation,
fires, or leakage. On average, we find district splitting
increased forest fragmentation in the recently protected
villages, but had no statistically significant impact on
deforestation and fires. On average, we find the bupati
change had no statistically discernible influence on PA
impacts on deforestation, fragmentation or fires. Given the
increasing threats to forests due to decentralization, these
results imply that district splitting and the bupati change
weakened enforcement inside PAs with regards to
deforestation and forest fragmentation, in contrast to
direct elections. By highlighting the potential channels
through which decentralization in Indonesia impacted
forests, we offer insights into the effectiveness of a
common conservation policy in the country. Broadly, we
contribute to the conservation impact evaluation literature
by quantitatively examining how political economy influences
the performance of conservation policies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105446},
Key = {fds355591}
}
@article{fds355592,
Author = {Girardeau, H and Oberholzer, A and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {The enabling environment for household solar adoption: A
systematic review},
Journal = {World Development Perspectives},
Volume = {21},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100290},
Abstract = {The sheer scope of the global energy poverty challenge has
motivated many organizations to promote off-grid solar
energy for lighting, heating, and cooking needs around the
world. However, the design and implementation of projects
depends on the enabling environment - a constellation of
financial, market, program, and regulatory factors. We
conducted a systematic review to examine which elements of
the enabling environment drove or blocked the adoption of
solar products such as, home systems, lanterns, hot water
heaters, and cooking products in low- and middle- income
countries (LMICs). Specifically, we identified 59 studies in
29 countries that consider different features of the
enabling environment and found the following empirical
regularities. First, at the household level, cost, therefore
subsidies, and product quality matter. Second, at the
program level, customer support and ongoing maintenance
influence sustained use. Third, at the government scale,
design standards and regulations affect adoption. However,
clear gaps emerge in what scholars have studied; for
example, we found no empirical literature on e-wastes or
demand by energy-access tiers. Nonetheless, the experiences
documented in this review show that a complex and
interconnected system of market, program, financial, and
regulatory challenges must be addressed to provide solar
technologies to the rural energy poor.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100290},
Key = {fds355592}
}
@article{fds352976,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, E},
Title = {A ‘middle way’ for Indonesian fires},
Journal = {Nature Sustainability},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {83-84},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-00634-x},
Doi = {10.1038/s41893-020-00634-x},
Key = {fds352976}
}
@article{fds354190,
Author = {Mahaprashasta, J and Mukhopadhyay, P and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Willingness to pay to avoid flooding in Cuttack,
India},
Journal = {International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction},
Volume = {53},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101959},
Abstract = {Flooding is a frequent natural disaster, which is predicted
to intensify over time because of climate change. As more
than half the world lives in urban spaces, flooding could
devastate urban populations, especially if the
infrastructure to cope with flooding is inadequate. We study
flooding in Cuttack, Odisha, a typical Indian city subject
to annual flooding. We present estimates from a lower and
lower-middle income country of household willingness to pay
(WTP) for improved urban drainage using a revealed
preference method. We use a hedonic price model to estimate
WTP across city zones with differential exposure to
flooding. At 2014–15 prices, a typical flood
(approximately 7 hours per day on average) reduces the
annual rental value by INR1352 (US$ 21) or about 4.4%
annually. This implies that Cuttack households are willing
to pay INR 188 million (or $ 2.9 million) to avoid flooding.
Our findings have implications for urban sustainability and
the financing of public infrastructure to reduce flooding in
low and lower-middle-income countries.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101959},
Key = {fds354190}
}
@article{fds359260,
Author = {Jeuland, M and McClatchey, M and Patil, SR and Pattanayak, SK and Poulos, CM and Yang, JC},
Title = {Do Decentralized Community Treatment Plants Provide Clean
Water? Evidence from Rural Andhra Pradesh, India
AMI},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/WPLE.97.2.102719-0154R},
Abstract = {Though there is little evidence on its effectiveness, a
decentralized community water system (CWS), such as a
market-based kiosk, is thought to be appropriate where piped
services are infeasible or unreliable. We assess changes in
household behaviors, water quality, and health following the
installation of a CWS in rural India, using
quasi-experimental methods. Three negative findings stand
out: (1) few households use the CWS; (2) water quality is
lower among CWS users; and (3)d childhood diarrhea is higher
among CWS users. This appears to stem from reduced
self-protection by users amid continuing reliance on
multiple water sources.},
Doi = {10.3368/WPLE.97.2.102719-0154R},
Key = {fds359260}
}
@article{fds352617,
Author = {Jeuland, M and Fetter, TR and Li, Y and Pattanayak, SK and Usmani, F and Bluffstone, RA and Chávez, C and Girardeau, H and Hassen, S and Jagger,
P and Jaime, MM and Karumba, M and Köhlin, G and Lenz, L and Litzow, EL and Masatsugu, L and Naranjo, MA and Peters, J and Qin, P and Ruhinduka, RD and Serrano-Medrano, M and Sievert, M and Sills, EO and Toman,
M},
Title = {Is energy the golden thread? A systematic review of the
impacts of modern and traditional energy use in low- and
middle-income countries},
Journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
Volume = {135},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110406},
Abstract = {Energy has been called the “golden thread” that connects
economic growth, social equity and environmental
sustainability, but important knowledge gaps exist on the
impacts of low- and middle-income country energy
interventions and transitions. This study offers perhaps the
broadest characterization to date of the patterns and
consistency in quantitative and peer-reviewed social science
literature considering such impacts. Starting from
approximately 80,000 papers identified using a search
procedure organized along energy services, technology, and
impact dimensions, and structured to achieve breadth and
replicability, articles were first screened to yield a
relevant subset of 3,000 quantitative papers. Relevance is
defined as providing one or more types of impacts on
intra-household, household, firm, public service, national
economy, or environmental outcomes. A set of heat maps
highlights areas of concentration in the literature, namely
work that emphasizes the negative health and pollution
effects of traditional cooking and fossil fuel use. The
extent and consistency of evidence for different types of
impacts (in terms of direction and statistical significance)
is also discussed, which reveals considerable heterogeneity
and highlights important knowledge gaps that remain despite
rapidly expanding energy scholarship. The patterns of
evidence are also surprisingly consistent across methods.
The article concludes by articulating several research
challenges that should motivate current and future
generations of energy and development scholars.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2020.110406},
Key = {fds352617}
}
@article{fds352750,
Author = {Sharma, BP and Karky, BS and Nepal, M and Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Shyamsundar, P},
Title = {Making incremental progress: Impacts of a REDD+ pilot
initiative in Nepal},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {15},
Number = {10},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba924},
Abstract = {Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
(REDD+) encompasses a range of incentives for developing
countries to slow, halt and reverse forest loss and
associated forest carbon emissions. Where there is high
dependence on biomass energy, cleaner cooking transitions
are key to REDD+'s success. Given the poor track record of
efforts to promote clean cooking, more evidence is needed on
the potential for REDD+ to reduce unsustainable extraction
of biomass energy. We present a quasi-experimental impact
evaluation of REDD+ in Nepal. Unsurprisingly, we find little
evidence of impacts on forest carbon in just two years. We
do find that REDD+ reduced forest disturbance as measured by
four plot-level indicators (signs of forest fire, soil
erosion, encroachment and wildlife) that are predictive of
future changes in net carbon emissions and reflective of
reduced extraction pressure by households. While our
analysis of household survey data does not show that REDD+
reduced harvest of forest products, we find some evidence
that it reduced household dependence on firewood for
cooking, possibly by increasing use of biogas. Thus,
communities in Nepal appear to have improved conditions in
their forests without undermining local benefits of those
forests. To secure progress towards reduced emissions and
improved livelihoods, interventions must be designed to
effectively meet household energy needs.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aba924},
Key = {fds352750}
}
@article{fds349370,
Author = {Orgill-Meyer, J and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Improved sanitation increases long-term cognitive test
scores},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {132},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104975},
Abstract = {Poor sanitation has large negative impacts on environmental
quality, health, and well-being. Sanitation infrastructure
is particularly lacking in India, where in 2011, 66% of
households did not own a toilet. Inadequate sanitation is a
large contributor to diarrheal-related diseases, which cause
300,000 deaths in Indian children each year. We exploit an
experimental sanitation campaign in rural Odisha, India to
examine the relationship between sanitation improvements in
early childhood and long-term cognitive development. We
build on literature linking child health improvements to
cognitive development and labor market outcomes and show
that improvements in sanitation coverage can have large
human capital returns. Using treatment assignment as an
instrument for village latrine coverage, we find that
children who belonged to a village with higher latrine
coverage scored significantly higher on a cognitive test
measuring analytic ability ten years later. We find that
this effect is much stronger among girls than
boys.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104975},
Key = {fds349370}
}
@article{fds350490,
Author = {Jeuland, MA and Pattanayak, SK and Samaddar, S and Shah, R and Vora,
M},
Title = {Adoption and impacts of improved biomass cookstoves in rural
Rajasthan},
Journal = {Energy for Sustainable Development},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {149-159},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2020.06.005},
Abstract = {Biomass-burning improved cookstoves (ICS) are often seen as
a promising intermediate technology solution along the path
of household transition to cleaner cooking. This study
reports on the results of an experimental evaluation of a
carbon finance-enabled program conducted in rural villages
in Rajasthan, India. Half (or 20) of 40 purposively-selected
treatment villages were randomly assigned to an ‘early’
intervention group that was offered a package of two biomass
fuel ICS one year prior to the other half (the ‘late’
group). Analysis of data collected prior to the second phase
of the intervention shows that adoption of ICS reached
nearly 46% in the group exposed to the intervention, and
that households largely held positive short-term views of
the effects of these technologies. Moreover, we found
evidence of both time savings and reductions in fuel use
among intervention households. Consistent with the wider
literature on the limitations of biomass-burning ICS,
however, we failed to detect consistent effects on
self-reported respiratory health. Findings were generally
consistent across simple and difference-in-difference
estimates of impacts, and suggest that biomass-burning ICS
can deliver benefits even when they offer few improvements
in health.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.esd.2020.06.005},
Key = {fds350490}
}
@article{fds359865,
Author = {Jeuland, M and Pattanayak, SK and Soo, JST and Usmani,
F},
Title = {Preferences and the effectiveness of behaviorchange
interventions: Evidence from adoption of improved cookstoves
in India},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {305-343},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/706937},
Abstract = {Preference heterogeneity can influence behavior in
economically significant ways, thereby influencing the
effectiveness of environmental policies or interventions. We
test this hypothesis in the context of efficient cooking
technology in India. We use stated preference methods to
first characterize household tastes for various features of
a more efficient cooking technology. We then relate these
typically unobserved preferences to households’ adoption
decisions during an experiment that allowed them to choose
between two alternatives with different features. Stated
preferences help predict actual adoption: households
initially classified as uninterested are less likely to
purchase and use any new technology, while relative distaste
for pollution is linked to selection of a cleaner
technology. Because of this influence on adoption behaviors,
preference heterogeneity has important implications for how
environmental policies can impact various health and
development outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1086/706937},
Key = {fds359865}
}
@article{fds343313,
Author = {Litzow, EL and Pattanayak, SK and Thinley, T},
Title = {Returns to rural electrification: Evidence from
Bhutan},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {121},
Pages = {75-96},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.04.002},
Abstract = {Rural electrification (RE) is a core component of the
Sustainable Development Goals and a major focal point of the
global development community. Despite this focus, more than
one billion people worldwide lack access to electricity, and
electrification rates need to more than quadruple to meet
international goals. We believe that lack of progress is
partly driven by a know-do gap, a misalignment between
academic research and the information needs of policy
makers. Most studies measuring the impacts of
electrification focus on precise estimation of a few
outcomes, specifically health, education and productivity
impacts. Other important impacts, e.g. environmental, have
remained largely unstudied. As a consequence, quantifying
the full set of costs and benefits of expanding electricity
access is difficult and rarely done. When cost benefit
analyses are done, they are often incomplete, and
conclusions are highly susceptible to unavailable or
uncertain parameters. We illustrate these arguments in the
case of Bhutan, where RE rates have expanded rapidly in the
past few decades. We show that RE via grid extension had
positive impacts related to fuelwood consumption, education,
and employment, but we do not find an effect on health. We
then use these impact estimates to conduct cost-benefit
analyses. For the cost-benefit parameters not available from
our impact evaluation, we transfer reasonable estimates from
related contexts. To acknowledge the uncertainty induced by
this process, we conduct Monte Carlo analyses and confirm
that, while the private NPV calculations are robust to
alternative parameter values, the social returns are
sensitive to estimates of the social cost of carbon and
costs of grid operation and maintenance. Based on this
exercise, we highlight research gaps that persist and that
preclude 1) careful cost-benefit analysis of RE more
generally and 2) financial investment in the
sector.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.04.002},
Key = {fds343313}
}
@article{fds338388,
Author = {Shannon, A and Usmani, F and Pattanayak, SK and Jeuland,
MA},
Title = {The Price of Purity: Willingness to pay for air and water
purification technologies in Rajasthan, India},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1073-1100},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-018-0290-4},
Abstract = {Diarrheal illnesses and acute respiratory infections are
among the top causes for premature death and disability
across the developing world, and adoption of various
technologies for avoiding these illnesses remains extremely
low. We exploit data from a unique contingent valuation
experiment to consider whether households in rural Rajasthan
are unwilling to make investments in "domain-specific"
environmental health technologies when faced with health
risks in multiple domains. Results indicate that demand for
water-related risk reductions is higher on average than
demand for air-related risk reduction. In addition,
households' private health benefits from mitigating
diarrheal (respiratory) disease risks are higher (no
different) when community-level air pollution risks, rather
than community-level water pollution risks, have previously
been mitigated. This asymmetric response cannot fully be
explained by survey order effects or embedding, but rather
suggests that that the broader health environment and the
salience of particular risks may be important in households'
decision to adopt environmental health technologies.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-018-0290-4},
Key = {fds338388}
}
@article{fds345852,
Author = {Orgill-Meyer, J and Pattanayak, SK and Chindarkar, N and Dickinson,
KL and Panda, U and Rai, S and Sahoo, B and Singha, A and Jeuland,
M},
Title = {Long-term impact of a community-led sanitation campaign in
India, 2005-2016.},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {97},
Number = {8},
Pages = {523-533A},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.18.221572},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the long-term impact of a
community-led total sanitation campaign in rural
India.<h4>Methods</h4>Local organizations in Odisha state,
India worked with researchers to evaluate a community-led
total sanitation campaign, which aimed to increase the
demand for household latrines by raising awareness of the
social costs of poor sanitation. The intervention ran from
February to March 2006 in 20 randomly-selected villages and
20 control villages. Within sampled villages, we surveyed a
random subset of households (around 28 households per
village) at baseline in 2005 and over the subsequent 10-year
period. We analysed changes in latrine ownership, latrine
functionality and open defecation among approximately 1000
households. We estimated linear probability models that
examined differences between households in intervention and
control villages in 2006, 2010 and 2016.<h4>Findings</h4>In
2010, 4 years after the intervention, ownership of latrines
was significantly higher (29.3 percentage points; 95%
confidence interval, CI: 17.5 to 41.2) and open defecation
was significantly lower (-6.8 percentage points; 95% CI:
-13.1 to -1.0) among households in intervention villages,
relative to controls. In 2016, intervention households
continued to have higher rates of ever owning a latrine
(26.3 percentage points; 95% CI: 20.9 to 31.8). However,
latrine functionality and open defecation were no longer
different across groups, due to both acquisition of latrines
by control households and abandonment and deterioration of
latrines in intervention homes.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Future
research should investigate how to maintain and rehabilitate
latrines and how to sustain long-term behaviour
change.},
Doi = {10.2471/blt.18.221572},
Key = {fds345852}
}
@article{fds344573,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Jeuland, M and Lewis, JJ and Usmani, F and Brooks, N and Bhojvaid, V and Kar, A and Lipinski, L and Morrison, L and Patange, O and Ramanathan, N and Rehman, IH and Thadani, R and Vora, M and Ramanathan,
V},
Title = {Experimental evidence on promotion of electric and improved
biomass cookstoves.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {27},
Pages = {13282-13287},
Publisher = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808827116},
Abstract = {Improved cookstoves (ICS) can deliver "triple wins" by
improving household health, local environments, and global
climate. Yet their potential is in doubt because of low and
slow diffusion, likely because of constraints imposed by
differences in culture, geography, institutions, and missing
markets. We offer insights about this challenge based on a
multiyear, multiphase study with nearly 1,000 households in
the Indian Himalayas. In phase I, we combined desk reviews,
simulations, and focus groups to diagnose barriers to ICS
adoption. In phase II, we implemented a set of pilots to
simulate a mature market and designed an intervention that
upgraded the supply chain (combining marketing and home
delivery), provided rebates and financing to lower income
and liquidity constraints, and allowed households a choice
among ICS. In phase III, we used findings from these pilots
to implement a field experiment to rigorously test whether
this combination of upgraded supply and demand promotion
stimulates adoption. The experiment showed that, compared
with zero purchase in control villages, over half of
intervention households bought an ICS, although demand was
highly price-sensitive. Demand was at least twice as high
for electric stoves relative to biomass ICS. Even among
households that received a negligible price discount, the
upgraded supply chain alone induced a 28 percentage-point
increase in ICS ownership. Although the bundled intervention
is resource-intensive, the full costs are lower than the
social benefits of ICS promotion. Our findings suggest that
market analysis, robust supply chains, and price discounts
are critical for ICS diffusion.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1808827116},
Key = {fds344573}
}
@article{fds341467,
Author = {Tan-Soo, J-S and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Seeking natural capital projects: Forest fires, haze, and
early-life exposure in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {12},
Pages = {5239-5245},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802876116},
Abstract = {Natural capital will be depleted rapidly and excessively if
the long-term, offsite impacts of depletion are ignored. By
examining the case of tropical forest burning, we illustrate
such myopia: Pursuit of short-term economic gains results in
air pollution that causes long-term, irreversible health
impacts. We integrate longitudinal data on prenatal exposure
to the 1997 Indonesian forest fires with child nutritional
outcomes and find that mean exposure to air pollution during
the prenatal stage is associated with a half-SD decrease in
height-for-age <i>z</i> score at age 17, which is robust to
several statistical checks. Because adult height is
associated with income, this implies a loss of 4% of average
monthly wages for approximately one million Indonesian
workers born during this period. To put these human capital
losses in the context of policy making, we conduct social
cost-benefit analyses of oil palm plantations under
different scenarios for clearing land and controlling fires.
We find that clearing for oil palm plantations using
mechanical methods generates higher social net benefits
compared with clearing using fires. Oil palm producers,
however, would be unwilling to bear the higher private costs
of mechanical clearing. Therefore, we need more effective
fire bans, fire suppression, and moratoriums on oil palm in
Indonesia to protect natural and human capital, and increase
social welfare.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1802876116},
Key = {fds341467}
}
@article{fds326800,
Author = {Mullan, K and Sills, E and Pattanayak, SK and Caviglia-Harris,
J},
Title = {Converting Forests to Farms: The Economic Benefits of
Clearing Forests in Agricultural Settlements in the
Amazon},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {71},
Number = {2},
Pages = {427-455},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-017-0164-1},
Abstract = {Agricultural expansion into tropical forests is believed to
bring local economic benefits at the expense of global
environmental costs. The resulting tension is reflected in
Brazilian government policy. The national agrarian reform
program has settled farm families in the Amazon region since
the 1970s, with the expectation that they will clear forests
in order to farm the land. On the other hand, recent
Brazilian policy initiatives seek to reduce deforestation to
mitigate climate change. We contribute to the policy debate
that surrounds these dual goals for the Amazon by estimating
the marginal effects of new agricultural land on the full
income and assets of farm settlers over a 13-year period
from 1996 to 2009. Using micro panel data from agrarian
settlements where forest was being rapidly cleared, and
controlling for factors that would otherwise confound the
relationship, we estimate the effect of converting forest to
agriculture on total household income to estimate the
opportunity cost of conserving forest. Our measure of income
reflects any re-allocation of resources by utility
maximizing households and any productivity effects due to
loss of forest ecosystem services. The estimated effect of
new agricultural land on income is positive, but small
relative to the income per hectare of previously cleared
land. However, we show that income increases investment in
physical assets, which raises households’ income
generating capacity and future accumulation of assets. Thus,
while there is only a small immediate income gain from
clearing more forest, the long-term effects on wealth are
still substantial. This demonstrates that given the right
conditions, conversion of forest to agricultural land can be
an impetus for asset accumulation by smallholders. It also
highlights the importance of considering the indirect and
long-term welfare benefits of new agricultural land when
assessing the opportunity costs of forest
conservation.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-017-0164-1},
Key = {fds326800}
}
@misc{fds364351,
Author = {Usmani, F and Jeuland, MA and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {NGOs and the effectiveness of interventions},
Journal = {WIDER Working Paper},
Publisher = {UNU-WIDER},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Interventions in remote, rural settings face high
transaction costs. We develop a model of household
decision-making to evaluate how non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) address these implementation-related
challenges and influence intervention effectiveness. To test
our model’s predictions, we create a sample of
observationally similar Indian villages that differ in their
prior engagement with a local development NGO. In
partnership with this NGO, we then stratify a randomized
technology promotion intervention on this institutional
variable. We uncover a large, positive, and statistically
significant ‘NGO effect’: prior engagement with the NGO
increases the effectiveness of our intervention by at least
30 per cent. Our results have implications for the
generalizability of experimental research conducted jointly
with NGOs. In particular, attempts to scale-up findings from
such work may prove less successful than anticipated if the
role of NGOs is insufficiently understood. Alternatively,
policy makers looking to scale-up could achieve greater
success by enlisting trusted local partners.},
Key = {fds364351}
}
@article{fds333028,
Author = {Rieb, JT and Chaplin-Kramer, R and Daily, GC and Armsworth, PR and Böhning-Gaese, K and Bonn, A and Cumming, GS and Eigenbrod, F and Grimm, V and Jackson, BM and Marques, A and Pattanayak, SK and Pereira,
HM and Peterson, GD and Ricketts, TH and Robinson, BE and Schröter, M and Schulte, LA and Seppelt, R and Turner, MG and Bennett,
EM},
Title = {Response to Kabisch and Colleagues},
Journal = {BioScience},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {167-168},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix154},
Doi = {10.1093/biosci/bix154},
Key = {fds333028}
}
@article{fds371678,
Author = {Liu, G and Pattanayak, S and Navaneethakrishnan, P and Woodling,
R},
Title = {Role of membrane autopsy in enhancing reverse osmosis plant
operation},
Journal = {Water Practice and Technology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {106-114},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2018.020},
Abstract = {Reverse osmosis (RO) has successfully emerged as a
broadly-used commercial water purification technology in
recent decades. Nevertheless, RO membrane elements, the core
component of this purification process, are frequently
subjected to premature degradation and performance
deterioration, adversely impacting RO plant operation &
maintenance. Membrane autopsy is a well-proven yet
under-valued procedure for effectively assessing the
condition of membranes and determining the root-cause of
performance loss. This paper aims to provide a general
methodology utilized commercially to perform membrane
autopsy and employ three case studies to explicitly
demonstrate the value addition to operators and end-users
when applying membrane autopsy in (1) failure analysis and
trouble-shooting, (2) operation optimization and routine
monitoring, and (3) asset management and maintenance
enhancement.},
Doi = {10.2166/wpt.2018.020},
Key = {fds371678}
}
@article{fds371679,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Liu, G and Hauser, A and Woodling, R and Mertes,
C},
Title = {Performance benchmarking of polyamide composite sea water
reverse osmosis membranes},
Journal = {Water Practice and Technology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {91-95},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2018.003},
Abstract = {Standardization of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane system
allows transparency and accountability in performance
benchmarking of different membrane elements, especially when
a new product is introduced to the market. In the current
study, we compared performance of three polyamide composite
RO membranes (one from new entrant in the market, the other
two are established manufacturers) for seawater
desalination. Experimental work was conducted at a
desalination plant in Egypt. The new membrane had higher
permeate conductivity and lower salt rejection values than
the two established products. Similar trend was observed as
far as permeate flow was concerned.},
Doi = {10.2166/wpt.2018.003},
Key = {fds371679}
}
@article{fds333729,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Haines, A},
Title = {Implementation of policies to protect planetary health -
Authors' reply.},
Journal = {The Lancet. Planetary health},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e63},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30007-x},
Doi = {10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30007-x},
Key = {fds333729}
}
@article{fds338445,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Pakhtigian, EL and Litzow, EL},
Title = {Through the looking glass: Environmental health economics in
low and middle income countries ✶},
Journal = {Handbook of Environmental Economics},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {143-191},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.hesenv.2018.08.004},
Abstract = {Human interactions with the environment can profoundly
impact many outcomes – health being chief among them.
While the nature of environmental risks changes across time
and space, the burden of disease attributable to
environmental risk hovers stubbornly around one quarter of
the total global disease burden. Further, environmental
risks are particularly damaging to the health of children,
but also to the elderly and the impoverished in low and
middle income countries (LMICs). This chapter highlights the
ways in which economics provides analytical insight about
the human–environment relationship and about potential
ways to prevent diseases. Specifically, we contend that the
household production framework – which focuses on the
beneficiary and households – helps us understand when and
how households will avert environmental risks. While
economists have been mostly on the sidelines of
environmental health research, there is a growing literature
from LMICs that examines three aspects of reduction in
household environmental risks: (i) how households value
these risk reductions, (ii) what factors drive household
adoption of environmental health technologies, and (iii)
what are the impacts of these technologies on household
health. At the risk of simplification, our review of this
literature finds relatively low values for environmental
risk reductions, which is mirrored by limited adoption of
environmental health technologies and, accordingly,
disappointing impact on health. Economists have made less
progress in linking the literatures on valuation, adoption
and impacts with each other. We conclude by explaining why
the next wave of research should focus on these links and on
multiple risks, environmental disasters, and political
economy of the supply of interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/bs.hesenv.2018.08.004},
Key = {fds338445}
}
@article{fds335193,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Haines, A},
Title = {Implementation of policies to protect planetary
health.},
Journal = {The Lancet. Planetary health},
Volume = {1},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e255-e256},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30115-8},
Doi = {10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30115-8},
Key = {fds335193}
}
@article{fds329083,
Author = {Rieb, JT and Chaplin-Kramer, R and Daily, GC and Armsworth, PR and Böhning-Gaese, K and Bonn, A and Cumming, GS and Eigenbrod, F and Grimm, V and Jackson, BM and Marques, A and Pattanayak, SK and Pereira,
HM and Peterson, GD and Ricketts, TH and Robinson, BE and Schröter, M and Schulte, LA and Seppelt, R and Turner, MG and Bennett,
EM},
Title = {When, Where, and How Nature Matters for Ecosystem Services:
Challenges for the Next Generation of Ecosystem Service
Models},
Journal = {BioScience},
Volume = {67},
Number = {9},
Pages = {820-833},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix075},
Abstract = {Many decision-makers are looking to science to clarify how
nature supports human well-being. Scientists' responses have
typically focused on empirical models of the provision of
ecosystem services (ES) and resulting decision-support
tools. Although such tools have captured some of the
complexities of ES, they can be difficult to adapt to new
situations. Globally useful tools that predict the provision
of multiple ES under different decision scenarios have
proven challenging to develop. Questions from
decision-makers and limitations of existing decision-support
tools indicate three crucial research frontiers for
incorporating cutting-edge ES science into decision-support
tools: (1) understanding the complex dynamics of ES in space
and time, (2) linking ES provision to human well-being, and
(3) determining the potential for technology to substitute
for or enhance ES. We explore these frontiers in-depth,
explaining why each is important and how existing knowledge
at their cutting edges can be incorporated to improve ES
decision-making tools.},
Doi = {10.1093/biosci/bix075},
Key = {fds329083}
}
@article{fds327712,
Author = {Clark, S and Carter, E and Shan, M and Ni, K and Niu, H and Tseng, JTW and Pattanayak, SK and Jeuland, M and Schauer, JJ and Ezzati, M and Wiedinmyer, C and Yang, X and Baumgartner, J},
Title = {Adoption and use of a semi-gasifier cooking and water
heating stove and fuel intervention in the Tibetan Plateau,
China},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {12},
Number = {7},
Pages = {075004-075004},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa751e},
Abstract = {Improved cookstoves and fuels, such as advanced gasifier
stoves, carry the promise of improving health outcomes,
preserving local environments, and reducing climate-forcing
air pollutants. However, low adoption and use of these
stoves in many settings has limited their benefits. We aimed
to improve the understanding of improved stove use by
describing the patterns and predictors of adoption of a
semi-gasifier stove and processed biomass fuel intervention
in southwestern China. Of 113 intervention homes
interviewed, 79% of homes tried the stove, and the majority
of these (92%) continued using it 5-10 months later. One to
five months after intervention, the average proportion of
days that the semi-gasifier stove was in use was modest
(40.4% [95% CI 34.3-46.6]), and further declined over 13
months. Homes that received the stove in the first batch
used it more frequently (67.2% [95% CI 42.1-92.3] days in
use) than homes that received it in the second batch (29.3%
[95% CI 13.8-44.5] days in use), likely because of stove
quality and user training. Household stove use was
positively associated with reported cooking needs and
negatively associated with age of the main cook, household
socioeconomic status, and the availability of substitute
cleaner-burning stoves. Our results show that even a
carefully engineered, multi-purpose semi-gasifier stove and
fuel intervention contributed modestly to overall household
energy use in rural China.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aa751e},
Key = {fds327712}
}
@article{fds327290,
Author = {Sharma, BP and Shyamsundar, P and Nepal, M and Pattanayak, SK and Karky,
BS},
Title = {Costs, cobenefits, and community responses to REDD+: A case
study from Nepal},
Journal = {Ecology and Society},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {Resilience Alliance, Inc.},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-09370-220234},
Abstract = {We examine the role of subnational institutions in carbon
sequestration and assess whether community forest user
groups can meet both existing forest needs and international
carbon demand. By conducting a qualitative evaluation of a
pilot program in Nepal that made carbon payments to forest
user groups, we examine if community forestry institutions
can be effective, efficient, and equitable in implementing
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
(REDD)+. Our evaluation relies on focus group discussions,
meetings, and community and program documents of forestry
user groups that participated in the REDD+ pilot and matched
groups that did not. Compared to control groups, REDD+ user
groups appear to be more effective in carbon sequestration,
perhaps because of increased prevention of forest fires and
grazing, nursery establishment, and other forest management.
REDD+ user groups report a larger number of forest
conservation, forest utilization, and community development
activities relative to control groups. Participating
communities bear transaction costs of US$4.5/hectare and
implementation costs of US$2.5/hectare on average (or NPR
50,000 (US$600) per year). The mean REDD+ rent per ton of
additional carbon sequestered was US$1.3. Targeting of
benefits improves partly because some marginalized groups,
particularly women, participate more in the planning and
management. In terms of equity, microcredit and capacity
development activities were skewed to the poorest
households, whereas alternate fuel and carbon monitoring
were more advantageous to middle or high income households.
Overall, our analyses suggest that REDD+ activities can be
successfully executed, if communities receive technical and
capacity building support for institutional strengthening,
in addition to carbon payments.},
Doi = {10.5751/ES-09370-220234},
Key = {fds327290}
}
@article{fds324076,
Author = {Van Houtven and GL and Pattanayak, SK and Usmani, F and Yang,
JC},
Title = {What are Households Willing to Pay for Improved Water
Access? Results from a Meta-Analysis},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {136},
Pages = {126-135},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.01.023},
Abstract = {Although several factors contribute to low rates of access
to improved water and sanitation in the developing world, it
is especially important to understand and measure household
demand for these services. One valuable source of
information regarding demand is the growing empirical
literature that has applied stated preference methods to
estimate households’ willingness to pay (WTP). Because it
is difficult to generalize and support planning based on
this scattered literature, we conduct a meta-analysis to
take stock of the worldwide sample of household WTP for
improved drinking water services. Using 171 WTP estimates
drawn from 60 studies, we first describe this sample and
then examine the potential factors that explain variation in
WTP estimates. Our results suggest that households are
willing to pay between approximately $3 and $30 per month
for improvements in water access. Specifically, in line with
economic theory and intuition, WTP is sensitive to scope
(the magnitude of improvement in drinking water services),
as well as household income, and stated-preference
elicitation method. We demonstrate how our results can be
used to predict household-level WTP for selected
improvements in drinking water access in regions with low
coverage, and find that private benefits exceed the cost of
provision.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.01.023},
Key = {fds324076}
}
@article{fds326801,
Author = {Atmadja, SS and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and Patil,
S},
Title = {Explaining environmental health behaviors: Evidence from
rural India on the influence of discount
rates},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {229-248},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X17000018},
Abstract = {The authors examine whether high personal discount rates
help explain why and which households in developing
countries under-invest in seemingly low-cost options to
avert environmental health threats, including bednets, clean
cooking fuels, individual household latrines, water
treatment and handwashing. First, the authors elicit
personal discount rates by combining a simple randomized
experiment with detailed surveys of over 10,000 rural
households in Maharashtra, India. Personal discount rates
are lower for women, for better-off households, and for
households who can access formal credit. Secondly, they show
that the discount rate is negatively related to a suite of
behaviors that mitigate environmental health threats, from
very low-cost steps like washing hands to more significant
investments like household latrines, even after controlling
for socio-economic status, access to credit, public
infrastructure and services, and relevant
beliefs.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X17000018},
Key = {fds326801}
}
@article{fds326576,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Kramer, RA and Vincent, JR},
Title = {Ecosystem change and human health: implementation economics
and policy.},
Journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Series B, Biological sciences},
Volume = {372},
Number = {1722},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0130},
Abstract = {Several recent initiatives such as Planetary Health,
EcoHealth and One Health claim that human health depends on
flourishing natural ecosystems. However, little has been
said about the operational and implementation challenges of
health-oriented conservation actions on the ground. We
contend that ecological-epidemiological research must be
complemented by a form of implementation science that
examines: (i) the links between specific conservation
actions and the resulting ecological changes, and (ii) how
this ecological change impacts human health and well-being,
when human behaviours are considered. Drawing on the policy
evaluation tradition in public economics, first, we present
three examples of recent social science research on
conservation interventions that affect human health. These
examples are from low- and middle-income countries in the
tropics and subtropics. Second, drawing on these examples,
we present three propositions related to impact evaluation
and non-market valuation that can help guide future
multidisciplinary research on conservation and human health.
Research guided by these propositions will allow
stakeholders to determine how ecosystem-mediated strategies
for health promotion compare with more conventional
biomedical prevention and treatment strategies for
safeguarding health.This article is part of the themed issue
'Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease:
scientific evidence and policy implications'.},
Doi = {10.1098/rstb.2016.0130},
Key = {fds326576}
}
@misc{fds376703,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Tan-Soo, JS},
Title = {Water in development},
Volume = {4-4},
Pages = {347-349},
Booktitle = {Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to
Practice},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780313397073},
Key = {fds376703}
}
@article{fds325212,
Author = {Sills, EO and de Sassi, C and Jagger, P and Lawlor, K and Miteva, DA and Pattanayak, SK and Sunderlin, WD},
Title = {Building the evidence base for REDD+: Study design and
methods for evaluating the impacts of conservation
interventions on local well-being.},
Journal = {Global environmental change : human and policy
dimensions},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {148-160},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.02.002},
Abstract = {Climate change mitigation in developing countries is
increasingly expected to generate co-benefits that help meet
sustainable development goals. This has been an expectation
and a hotly contested issue in REDD+ (reducing emissions
from deforestation and forest degradation) since its
inception. While the core purpose of REDD+ is to reduce
carbon emissions, its legitimacy and success also depend on
its impacts on local well-being. To effectively safeguard
against negative impacts, we need to know whether and which
well-being outcomes can be attributed to REDD+. Yet,
distinguishing the effects of choosing particular areas for
REDD+ from the effects of the interventions themselves
remains a challenge. The Global Comparative Study (GCS) on
REDD+ employed a quasi-experimental before-after-control-intervention
(BACI) study design to address this challenge and evaluate
the impacts of 16 REDD+ pilots across the tropics. We find
that the GCS approach allows identification of control
groups that represent the counterfactual, thereby permitting
attribution of outcomes to REDD+. The GCS experience belies
many of the common critiques of the BACI design, especially
concerns about collecting baseline data on control groups.
Our findings encourage and validate the early planning and
up-front investments required to evaluate the local impacts
of global climate change mitigation efforts with confidence.
The stakes are high, both for the global environment and for
local populations directly affected by those efforts. The
standards for evidence should be concomitantly
high.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.02.002},
Key = {fds325212}
}
@article{fds321872,
Author = {Lewis, JJ and Hollingsworth, JW and Chartier, RT and Cooper, EM and Foster, WM and Gomes, GL and Kussin, PS and MacInnis, JJ and Padhi, BK and Panigrahi, P and Rodes, CE and Ryde, IT and Singha, AK and Stapleton,
HM and Thornburg, J and Young, CJ and Meyer, JN and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Biogas Stoves Reduce Firewood Use, Household Air Pollution,
and Hospital Visits in Odisha, India.},
Journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {560-569},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02466},
Abstract = {Traditional cooking using biomass is associated with ill
health, local environmental degradation, and regional
climate change. Clean stoves (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG),
biogas, and electric) are heralded as a solution, but few
studies have demonstrated their environmental health
benefits in field settings. We analyzed the impact of mainly
biogas (as well as electric and LPG) stove use on social,
environmental, and health outcomes in two districts in
Odisha, India, where the Indian government has promoted
household biogas. We established a cross-sectional
observational cohort of 105 households that use either
traditional mud stoves or improved cookstoves (ICS). Our
multidisciplinary team conducted surveys, environmental air
sampling, fuel weighing, and health measurements. We
examined associations between traditional or improved stove
use and primary outcomes, stratifying households by
proximity to major industrial plants. ICS use was associated
with 91% reduced use of firewood (p < 0.01), substantial
time savings for primary cooks, a 72% reduction in PM2.5, a
78% reduction in PAH levels, and significant reductions in
water-soluble organic carbon and nitrogen (p < 0.01) in
household air samples. ICS use was associated with reduced
time in the hospital with acute respiratory infection and
reduced diastolic blood pressure but not with other health
measurements. We find many significant gains from promoting
rural biogas stoves in a context in which traditional stove
use persists, although pollution levels in ICS households
still remained above WHO guidelines.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.est.6b02466},
Key = {fds321872}
}
@article{fds323427,
Author = {Rosenthal, J and Balakrishnan, K and Bruce, N and Chambers, D and Graham, J and Jack, D and Kline, L and Masera, O and Mehta, S and Mercado,
IR and Neta, G and Pattanayak, S and Puzzolo, E and Petach, H and Punturieri, A and Rubinstein, A and Sage, M and Sturke, R and Shankar,
A and Sherr, K and Smith, K and Yadama, G},
Title = {Implementation Science to Accelerate Clean Cooking for
Public Health.},
Journal = {Environmental health perspectives},
Volume = {125},
Number = {1},
Pages = {A3-A7},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp1018},
Abstract = {© 2017, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human
Services. All rights reserved.Summary: Clean cooking has
emerged as a major concern for global health and development
because of the enormous burden of disease caused by
traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health
Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines
that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing
traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies,
including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience
with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of
modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a
complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require
implementation research. The National Institutes of Health,
in partnership with several government agencies and the
Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean
Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address
this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a
knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of
the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income
countries. Implementation science provides a variety of
analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of
clinical and public health interventions. These tools are
being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new
research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and
an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health
promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking.},
Doi = {10.1289/ehp1018},
Key = {fds323427}
}
@article{fds267153,
Author = {Vincent, JR and Ahmad, I and Adnan, N and Burwell, WB and Pattanayak,
SK and Tan-Soo, JS and Thomas, K},
Title = {Valuing Water Purification by Forests: An Analysis of
Malaysian Panel Data},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-80},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-015-9934-9},
Abstract = {Water purification might be the most frequently invoked
example of an economically valuable ecosystem service, yet
the impacts of upstream land use on downstream municipal
water treatment costs remain poorly understood. This is
especially true in developing countries, where rates of
deforestation are highest and cost-effective expansion of
safe water supplies is needed the most. We present the first
econometric study to estimate directly the effect of
tropical forests on water treatment cost. We exploit a rich
panel dataset from Malaysia, which enables us to control for
a wide range of potentially confounding factors. We find
significant, robust evidence that protecting both virgin and
logged forests against conversion to nonforest land uses
reduced water treatment costs, with protection of virgin
forests reducing costs more. The marginal value of this
water purification service varied greatly across treatment
plants, thus implying that the service offered a stronger
rationale for forest protection in some locations than
others. On average, the service value was large relative to
treatment plants’ expenditures on priced inputs, but it
was very small compared to producer surpluses for competing
land uses. For various reasons, however, the latter
comparison exaggerates the shortfall between the benefits
and the costs of enhancing water purification by protecting
forests. Moreover, forest protection decisions that appear
to be economically unjustified when only water purification
is considered might be justified when a broader range of
services is taken into account.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-015-9934-9},
Key = {fds267153}
}
@article{fds317847,
Author = {Brooks, N and Bhojvaid, V and Jeuland, MA and Lewis, JJ and Patange, O and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {How much do alternative cookstoves reduce biomass fuel use?
Evidence from North India},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {153-171},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2015.12.001},
Abstract = {Despite widespread global efforts to promote clean
cookstoves to achieve improvements in air and forest
quality, and to reduce global climate change, surprisingly
little is known about the degree to which these actually
reduce biomass fuel consumption in real-world settings.
Using data from in-house weighing of fuel conducted in rural
India, we examine the impact of cleaner cookstoves - most of
which are LPG stoves - on three key outcomes related to
solid fuel use. Our results suggest that using a clean
cookstove is associated with daily reductions of about 4.5.
kg of biomass fuel, 160 fewer minutes cooking on traditional
stoves, and 105 fewer minutes collecting biomass fuels.
These findings of substantial savings are robust to the use
of estimators with varying levels of control for selection,
and to alternative data obtained from household
self-reports. Our results support the idea that efforts to
promote clean stoves among poor rural households can reduce
solid fuel use and cooking time, and that rebound effects
toward greater amounts of cooking on multiple stoves are not
sufficient to eliminate these gains. We also find, however,
that households who have greater wealth, fewer members, are
in less marginalized groups, and practice other
health-averting behaviors, are more likely to use these
cleaner stoves, which suggests that socio-economic status
plays an important role in determining who benefits from
such technologies. Future efforts to capture social benefits
must therefore consider how to promote the use of
alternative technologies by poor households, given that
these households are least likely to own clean
stoves.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2015.12.001},
Key = {fds317847}
}
@article{fds267164,
Author = {Tan-Soo, JS and Adnan, N and Ahmad, I and Pattanayak, SK and Vincent,
JR},
Title = {Econometric Evidence on Forest Ecosystem Services:
Deforestation and Flooding in Malaysia},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-44},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-014-9834-4},
Abstract = {Governments around the world are increasingly invoking
hydrological services, such as flood mitigation and water
purification, as a justification for forest conservation
programs in upstream areas. Yet, rigorous empirical evidence
that these programs are actually delivering the intended
services remains scant. We investigate the effect of
deforestation on flood-mitigation services in Peninsular
Malaysia during 1984–2000, a period when detailed data on
both flood events and land-use change are available for 31
river basins. Floods are the most common natural disaster in
tropical regions, but the ability of tropical forests to
mitigate large-scale floods associated with heavy rainfall
events remains disputed. We find that the conversion of
inland tropical forests to oil palm and rubber plantations
significantly increased the number of days flooded during
the wettest months of the year. Our results demonstrate the
importance of using disaggregated land-use data, controlling
for potentially confounding factors, and applying
appropriate estimators in econometric studies on forest
ecosystem services.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-014-9834-4},
Key = {fds267164}
}
@article{fds267155,
Author = {Whitmee, S and Haines, A and Beyrer, C and Boltz, F and Capon, AG and de
Souza Dias and BF and Ezeh, A and Frumkin, H and Gong, P and Head, P and Horton, R and Mace, GM and Marten, R and Myers, SS and Nishtar, S and Osofsky, SA and Pattanayak, SK and Pongsiri, MJ and Romanelli, C and Soucat, A and Vega, J and Yach, D},
Title = {Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report
of The Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on planetary
health.},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {386},
Number = {10007},
Pages = {1973-2028},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-6736},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1},
Doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1},
Key = {fds267155}
}
@article{fds267151,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Murray, BC and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Do protected areas reduce blue carbon emissions? A
quasi-experimental evaluation of mangroves in
Indonesia},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {119},
Pages = {127-135},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.08.005},
Abstract = {Mangroves provide multiple ecosystem services such as blue
carbon sequestration, storm protection, and unique habitat
for species. Despite these services, mangroves are being
lost at rapid rates around the world. Using the best
available biophysical and socio-economic data, we present
the first rigorous large-scale evaluation of the
effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) at conserving
mangroves and reducing blue carbon emissions. We focus on
Indonesia as it has the largest absolute area of mangroves
(about 22.6% of the world's mangroves), is one of the most
diverse in terms of mangrove species and has been losing its
mangroves at a very fast rate. Specifically, we apply
quasi-experimental techniques (combining propensity score
and covariate matching, differences-in-differences, and
post-matching bias adjustments) to assess whether PAs
prevented mangrove loss between 2000 and 2010. Our results
show that marine protected areas reduced mangrove loss by
about 14,000ha and avoided blue carbon emissions of
approximately 13 million metric tons (CO2 equivalent).
However, we find no evidence that species management PAs
stalled the loss of mangroves. We conclude by providing
illustrative estimates of the blue carbon benefits of
establishing PAs, which can be cost-effective policies for
mitigating climate change and biodiversity
loss.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.08.005},
Key = {fds267151}
}
@article{fds317848,
Author = {Jeuland, MA and Bhojvaid, V and Kar, A and Lewis, JJ and Patange, O and Pattanayak, SK and Ramanathan, N and Rehman, IH and Tan Soo and JS and Ramanathan, V},
Title = {Preferences for improved cook stoves: Evidence from rural
villages in north India},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {287-298},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.11.010},
Abstract = {Because emissions from solid fuel burning in traditional
stoves impact global climate change, the regional
environment, and household health, there is today real
interest in improved cook stoves (ICS). Nonetheless,
surprisingly little is known about what households like
about these energy products. We report on preferences for
biomass-burning ICS attributes in a large sample of 2120
rural households in north India, a global hotspot for
biomass fuel use and the damages that such use entails.
Households have a strong baseline reliance and preference
for traditional stoves, a preference that outweighs the $10
and $5 willingness to pay (WTP) for realistic (33%)
reductions in smoke emissions and fuel needs on average,
respectively. Preferences for stove attributes are also
highly varied, and correlated with a number of household
characteristics (e.g. expenditures, gender of household
head, patience and risk preferences). These results suggest
that households exhibit cautious interest in some aspects of
ICS, but that widespread adoption is unlikely because many
households appear to prefer traditional stoves over ICS with
similar characteristics. The policy community must therefore
support a reinvigorated supply chain with complementary
infrastructure investments, foster experimentation with
products, encourage continued applied research and knowledge
generation, and provide appropriate incentives to consumers,
if ICS distribution is to be scaled up.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2015.11.010},
Key = {fds317848}
}
@article{fds267152,
Author = {Jeuland, M and Pattanayak, SK and Bluffstone, R},
Title = {The economics of household air pollution},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-108},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100814-125048},
Abstract = {Traditional energy technologies and consumer products
contribute to household well-being in diverse ways but also
often harm household air quality. We review the problem of
household air pollution at a global scale, focusing
particularly on the harmful effects of traditional cooking
and heating. Drawing on the theory of household production,
we illustrate the ambiguous relationship between household
well-being and adoption of behaviors and technologies that
reduce air pollution. We then review how the theory relates
to the seemingly contradictory findings emerging from the
literature on developing country household demand for clean
fuels and stoves. In conclusion, we describe an economics
research agenda to close the knowledge gaps so that policies
and programs can be designed and evaluated to solve the
global household air pollution problem.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100814-125048},
Key = {fds267152}
}
@article{fds291307,
Author = {Dickinson, KL and Patil, SR and Pattanayak, SK and Poulos,
C},
Title = {Nature's call: Impacts of sanitation choices in Orissa,
India},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-29},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/682958},
Abstract = {A randomized intervention in Bhadrak district, Orissa, was
conducted between 2005 and 2006. Bhadrak was chosen because
it still had a sufficiently large number of blocks and
villages where the government of India's existing Total
Sanitation Campaign interventions had not been implemented.
Second, the use and maintenance of latrines in the area
remained unsatisfactory despite adequate water availability,
and third, the Government of Orissa agreed that no special
water, sanitation, or hygiene programs would be implemented
in control villages during the study period. In order to
assess the impact of the sanitation intervention on
household sanitation behaviors, child health outcomes, and
welfare measures, a repeated-measures cohort design was
implemented. Qualitatively, treatment villages appear to be
slightly worse off initially in terms of a few indicators,
treatment villages had somewhat lower levels of population
density and of TVs and, most notably, latrines in 2005.
Adults in these households also reported spending more time
walking to defecation sites and expressed lower levels of
satisfaction with their sanitation conditions. The Bhadrak
sanitation campaign placed much emphasis on the non-health
benefits of latrine use. In particular, messages about
latrines' convenience highlighted the potential time savings
households could enjoy from changing their sanitation
behaviors.},
Doi = {10.1086/682958},
Key = {fds291307}
}
@article{fds323428,
Author = {Arriagada, RA and Sills, EO and Ferraro, PJ and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Erratum: Do payments pay off? Evidence from participation in
Costa Rica's PES program (PLoS ONE (2015) 10:7 (e0131544)
(DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131544))},
Journal = {PLoS ONE},
Volume = {10},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e0136809-e0136809},
Publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136809},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0136809},
Key = {fds323428}
}
@article{fds267158,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Hanauer, MM and Miteva, DA and Nelson, JL and Pattanayak, SK and Nolte, C and Sims, KRE},
Title = {Estimating the impacts of conservation on ecosystem services
and poverty by integrating modeling and evaluation.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {112},
Number = {24},
Pages = {7420-7425},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406487112},
Abstract = {Scholars have made great advances in modeling and mapping
ecosystem services, and in assigning economic values to
these services. This modeling and valuation scholarship is
often disconnected from evidence about how actual
conservation programs have affected ecosystem services,
however. Without a stronger evidence base, decision makers
find it difficult to use the insights from modeling and
valuation to design effective policies and programs. To
strengthen the evidence base, scholars have advanced our
understanding of the causal pathways between conservation
actions and environmental outcomes, but their studies
measure impacts on imperfect proxies for ecosystem services
(e.g., avoidance of deforestation). To be useful to decision
makers, these impacts must be translated into changes in
ecosystem services and values. To illustrate how this
translation can be done, we estimated the impacts of
protected areas in Brazil, Costa Rica, Indonesia, and
Thailand on carbon storage in forests. We found that
protected areas in these conservation hotspots have stored
at least an additional 1,000 Mt of CO2 in forests and have
delivered ecosystem services worth at least $5 billion. This
aggregate impact masks important spatial heterogeneity,
however. Moreover, the spatial variability of impacts on
carbon storage is the not the same as the spatial
variability of impacts on avoided deforestation. These
findings lead us to describe a research program that extends
our framework to study other ecosystem services, to uncover
the mechanisms by which ecosystem protection benefits
humans, and to tie cost-benefit analyses to conservation
planning so that we can obtain the greatest return on scarce
conservation funds.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1406487112},
Key = {fds267158}
}
@article{fds317850,
Author = {Jeuland, M and McClatchey, M and Patil, S and Poulos, C and Pattanayak,
SK and Yang, J-C},
Title = {Do Decentralized Community Treatment Plants Provide Better
Water? Evidence from Andhra Pradesh},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Highly advanced, community-level drinking water treatment
facilities are increasingly seen as water supply solutions
in locations where piped in-house water systems are
nonexistent or unreliable. These systems utilize combined
technologies, such as advanced filtration plus ultraviolet
disinfection or reverse osmosis, which are known to be
highly effective for the removal of pathogens and other
water contaminants. Yet there is a paucity of rigorous
evidence on whether the community-level treatment model
delivers water quality, health, or other benefits to
households that source water from them. This paper utilizes
a quasi-experimental approach that combines construction of
counterfactual groups of villages and households and a
difference-in-difference methodology to examine such
impacts. We find low rates of sourcing water from the
facilities (~10%), and little evidence of benefits among
households living in villages receiving a community water
system (CWS). Particularly among users of the CWS, we also
observe short-term increases in the number of drinking water
sources used and in monthly expenses on drinking water
combined with decreases in in-house water treatment, and
higher reported rates of diarrheal diseases among children.
In the longer term, as the CWS model spread throughout the
region, we observe that most of the differences between
households in treated and control communities fade away.
These findings suggest that caution and additional scrutiny
is warranted before concluding that such systems provide
safer water to households in communities facing drinking
water quality problems.},
Key = {fds317850}
}
@article{fds267168,
Author = {Wendland, KJ and Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO},
Title = {National-level differences in the adoption of environmental
health technologies: a cross-border comparison from Benin
and Togo.},
Journal = {Health policy and planning},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-154},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0268-1080},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czt106},
Abstract = {Environmental health problems such as malaria, respiratory
infections, diarrhoea and malnutrition pose very high
burdens on the poor rural people in much of the tropics.
Recent research on key interventions-the adoption and use of
relatively cheap and effective environmental health
technologies-has focused primarily on the influence of
demand-side household-level drivers. Relatively few studies
of the promotion and use of these technologies have
considered the role of contextual factors such as
governance, the enabling environment and national policies
because of the challenges of cross-country comparisons. We
exploit a natural experimental setting by comparing
household adoption across the Benin-Togo national border
that splits the Tamberma Valley in West Africa. Households
across the border share the same culture, ethnicity,
weather, physiographic features, livelihoods and
infrastructure; however, they are located in countries at
virtually opposite ends of the institutional spectrum of
democratic elections, voice and accountability, effective
governance and corruption. Binary choice models and rigorous
non-parametric matching estimators confirm that households
in Benin are more likely than households in Togo to plant
soybeans, build improved cookstoves and purchase mosquito
nets, ceteris paribus. Although we cannot identify the exact
mechanism for the large and significant national-level
differences in technology adoption, our findings suggest
that contextual institutional factors can be more important
than household characteristics for technology
adoption.},
Doi = {10.1093/heapol/czt106},
Key = {fds267168}
}
@article{fds267149,
Author = {Sills, EO and Herrera, D and Kirkpatrick, AJ and Brandão, A and Dickson, R and Hall, S and Pattanayak, S and Shoch, D and Vedoveto, M and Young, L and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Estimating the Impacts of Local Policy Innovation: The
Synthetic Control Method Applied to Tropical
Deforestation.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0132590},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132590},
Abstract = {Quasi-experimental methods increasingly are used to evaluate
the impacts of conservation interventions by generating
credible estimates of counterfactual baselines. These
methods generally require large samples for statistical
comparisons, presenting a challenge for evaluating
innovative policies implemented within a few pioneering
jurisdictions. Single jurisdictions often are studied using
comparative methods, which rely on analysts' selection of
best case comparisons. The synthetic control method (SCM)
offers one systematic and transparent way to select cases
for comparison, from a sizeable pool, by focusing upon
similarity in outcomes before the intervention. We explain
SCM, then apply it to one local initiative to limit
deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The municipality of
Paragominas launched a multi-pronged local initiative in
2008 to maintain low deforestation while restoring economic
production. This was a response to having been placed, due
to high deforestation, on a federal "blacklist" that
increased enforcement of forest regulations and restricted
access to credit and output markets. The local initiative
included mapping and monitoring of rural land plus promotion
of economic alternatives compatible with low deforestation.
The key motivation for the program may have been to reduce
the costs of blacklisting. However its stated purpose was to
limit deforestation, and thus we apply SCM to estimate what
deforestation would have been in a (counterfactual) scenario
of no local initiative. We obtain a plausible estimate, in
that deforestation patterns before the intervention were
similar in Paragominas and the synthetic control, which
suggests that after several years, the initiative did lower
deforestation (significantly below the synthetic control in
2012). This demonstrates that SCM can yield helpful land-use
counterfactuals for single units, with opportunities to
integrate local and expert knowledge and to test innovations
and permutations on policies that are implemented in just a
few locations.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0132590},
Key = {fds267149}
}
@article{fds267154,
Author = {Arriagada, RA and Sills, EO and Ferraro, PJ and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Do Payments Pay Off? Evidence from Participation in Costa
Rica's PES Program.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0131544},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131544},
Abstract = {Payments for environmental services (PES) are often viewed
as a way to simultaneously improve conservation outcomes and
the wellbeing of rural households who receive the payments.
However, evidence for such win-win outcomes has been
elusive. We add to the growing literature on conservation
program impacts by using primary household survey data to
evaluate the socioeconomic impacts of participation in Costa
Rica's PES program. Despite the substantial cash transfers
to voluntary participants in this program, we do not detect
any evidence of impacts on their wealth or self-reported
well-being using a quasi-experimental design. These results
are consistent with the common claim that voluntary PES do
not harm participants, but they beg the question of why
landowners participate if they do not benefit. Landowners in
our sample voluntarily renewed their contracts after five
years in the program and thus are unlikely to have
underestimated their costs of participation. They apparently
did not invest additional income from the program in farm
inputs such as cattle or hired labor, since both decreased
as a result of participation. Nor do we find evidence that
participation encouraged moves off-farm. Instead,
semi-structured interviews suggest that participants joined
the program to secure their property rights and contribute
to the public good of forest conservation. Thus, in order to
understand the social impacts of PES, we need to look beyond
simple economic rationales and material outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0131544},
Key = {fds267154}
}
@article{fds267156,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Loucks, CJ and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Social and Environmental Impacts of Forest Management
Certification in Indonesia.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0129675},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129675},
Abstract = {In response to unsustainable timber production in tropical
forest concessions, voluntary forest management
certification programs such as the Forest Stewardship
Council (FSC) have been introduced to improve environmental,
social, and economic performance over existing management
practices. However, despite the proliferation of forest
certification over the past two decades, few studies have
evaluated its effectiveness. Using temporally and spatially
explicit village-level data on environmental and
socio-economic indicators in Kalimantan (Indonesia), we
evaluate the performance of the FSC-certified timber
concessions compared to non-certified logging concessions.
Employing triple difference matching estimators, we find
that between 2000 and 2008 FSC reduced aggregate
deforestation by 5 percentage points and the incidence of
air pollution by 31%. It had no statistically significant
impacts on fire incidence or core areas, but increased
forest perforation by 4 km2 on average. In addition, we find
that FSC reduced firewood dependence (by 33%), respiratory
infections (by 32%) and malnutrition (by 1 person) on
average. By conducting a rigorous statistical evaluation of
FSC certification in a biodiversity hotspot such as
Indonesia, we provide a reference point and offer
methodological and data lessons that could aid the design of
ongoing and future evaluations of a potentially critical
conservation policy.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0129675},
Key = {fds267156}
}
@article{fds267160,
Author = {Lewis, JJ and Bhojvaid, V and Brooks, N and Das, I and Jeuland, MA and Patange, O and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Piloting improved cookstoves in India.},
Journal = {Journal of health communication},
Volume = {20 Suppl 1},
Pages = {28-42},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1081-0730},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2014.994243},
Abstract = {Despite the potential of improved cookstoves to reduce the
adverse environmental and health impacts of solid fuel use,
their adoption and use remains low. Social marketing-with
its focus on the marketing mix of promotion, product, price,
and place-offers a useful way to understand household
behaviors and design campaigns to change biomass fuel use.
We report on a series of pilots across 3 Indian states that
use different combinations of the marketing mix. We find
sales varying from 0% to 60%. Behavior change promotion that
combined door-to-door personalized demonstrations with
information pamphlets was effective. When given a choice
amongst products, households strongly preferred an electric
stove over improved biomass-burning options. Among different
stove attributes, reduced cooking time was considered most
valuable by those adopting a new stove. Households clearly
identified price as a significant barrier to adoption, while
provision of discounts (e.g., rebates given if households
used the stove) or payments in installments were related to
higher purchase. Place-based factors such as remoteness and
nongovernmental organization operations significantly
affected the ability to supply and convince households to
buy and use improved cookstoves. Collectively, these pilots
point to the importance of continued and extensive testing
of messages, pricing models, and different stove types
before scale-up. Thus, we caution that a one-size-fits-all
approach will not boost improved cookstove
adoption.},
Doi = {10.1080/10810730.2014.994243},
Key = {fds267160}
}
@misc{fds317849,
Author = {Whittington, D and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Water and sanitation economics: Reflections on application
to developing economies},
Pages = {469-499},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Water Economics},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781782549642},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781782549666.00036},
Abstract = {24 Water and sanitation economics: reflections on
application to developing economies Dale Whittington and
Subhrendu K. Pattanayak Introduction The careful application
of economics to potable water supply and sanitation
investments is difficult, a….},
Doi = {10.4337/9781782549666.00036},
Key = {fds317849}
}
@article{fds267157,
Author = {Bauch, SC and Birkenbach, AM and Pattanayak, SK and Sills,
EO},
Title = {Public health impacts of ecosystem change in the Brazilian
Amazon},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
Volume = {112},
Number = {24},
Pages = {7414-7419},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406495111},
Abstract = {The claim that nature delivers health benefits rests on a
thin empirical evidence base. Even less evidence exists on
how specific conservation policies affect multiple health
outcomes. We address these gaps in knowledge by combining
municipal-level panel data on diseases, public health
services, climatic factors, demographics, conservation
policies, and other drivers of land-use change in the
Brazilian Amazon. To fully exploit this dataset, we estimate
random-effects and quantile regression models of disease
incidence. We find that malaria, acute respiratory infection
(ARI), and diarrhea incidence are significantly and
negatively correlated with the area under strict
environmental protection. Results vary by disease for other
types of protected areas (PAs), roads, and mining. The
relationships between diseases and land-use change drivers
also vary by quantile of the disease distribution.
Conservation scenarios based on estimated regression results
suggest that malaria, ARI, and diarrhea incidence would be
reduced by expanding strict PAs, and malaria could be
further reduced by restricting roads and mining. Although
these relationships are complex, we conclude that
interventions to preserve natural capital can deliver
cobenefits by also increasing human (health)
capital.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1406495111},
Key = {fds267157}
}
@article{fds267163,
Author = {Bauch, SC and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Have We Managed to Integrate Conservation and Development?
ICDP Impacts in the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {64},
Number = {S1},
Pages = {S135-S148},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.03.009},
Abstract = {Integrating conservation and development is central to the
mission of many protected areas in the tropics, yet there is
limited empirical evidence on the effectiveness of
alternative strategies for ICDPs (Integrated Conservation
and Development Projects). We evaluate an enterprise-based
conservation strategy in a high-profile and well-funded ICDP
in the Tapajós National Forest of Brazil. Using survey data
from participating and non-participating households
collected pre and post intervention, we find positive
impacts on household income, but almost no discernible
impacts on household assets, livelihood portfolios, or
forest conservation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.03.009},
Key = {fds267163}
}
@article{fds317851,
Author = {Jeuland, M and Pattanayak, SK and Tan Soo and JS},
Title = {Preference Heterogeneity and Adoption of Environmental
Health Improvements: Evidence from a Cookstove Promotion
Experiment},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Household preferences should influence adoption of
environmental health-improving technologies, but there has
been limited empirical research to isolate their importance,
perhaps due to challenges of measurement and attribution.
This paper explores heterogeneity in household preferences
for different features of improved cookstoves (ICS) and
assesses the degree to which these preferences are
associated with actual adoption of electric and
biomass-burning cookstoves during a randomized stove
promotion campaign in northern India. Latent class analysis
of data from a discrete choice experiment conducted in
baseline surveys of 1,060 households identified three
preference types: disinterested (54%), low demand but
primarily interested in reduced smoke emissions (27%), and
high demand with interest in most features of the ICS (20%).
The ICS intervention, which was stratified according to
communities’ prior history of interactions with the NGO
marketing the stoves, was then randomized to 762 of these
households. The main findings are that households in the
disinterested class are less likely to purchase an ICS, that
preference class is more strongly related to stove purchase
than common sociodemographic drivers of technology adoption
identified in the literature, and that distaste for smoke
emissions appears to be a particularly strong driver for
adoption of an electric ICS.},
Key = {fds317851}
}
@article{fds317852,
Author = {Jeuland, M and Bhojvaid, V and Kar, A and Lewis, JJ and Patange, OS and Pattanayak, SK and Ramanathan, N and REHMAN, IH and Tan Soo and JS and Ramanathan, V},
Title = {Preferences for Improved Cook Stoves: Evidence from North
Indian Villages},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Because emissions from solid fuel burning in traditional
stoves affect global climate change, the regional
environment, and household health, there is a real
fascination with improved cook stoves (ICS). Surprisingly
little is known about what households like about these
energy products. This paper reports on preferences for ICS
attributes in a sample of 2,120 rural households in north
India, a global hotspot for biomass fuel use. Households
have a strong preference for traditional stoves but on
average are willing to pay (WTP) about $10 and $5 for
realistic reductions in smoke emissions and fuel needs,
respectively, or about half of the price of less expensive
ICS. Still, preferences for stove attributes are highly
varied and are related to household characteristics (e.g.,
expenditures, gender of household head, patience, and risk
preferences). These results suggest that households exhibit
cautious interest in the promise of ICS but that significant
barriers to achieving widespread adoption remain. Therefore
the policy community must reinvigorate a supply chain that
(a) experiments with product attributes and (b) segments the
market based on consumer education, wealth, and location in
order to scale up ICS distribution and deliver household and
global benefits.},
Key = {fds317852}
}
@article{fds267166,
Author = {Evans, WD and Pattanayak, SK and Young, S and Buszin, J and Rai, S and Bihm, JW},
Title = {Social marketing of water and sanitation products: a
systematic review of peer-reviewed literature.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {110},
Pages = {18-25},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.011},
Abstract = {Like commercial marketing, social marketing uses the 4 "Ps"
and seeks exchange of value between the marketer and
consumer. Behaviors such as handwashing, and products such
as those for oral rehydration treatment (ORT), can be
marketed like commercial products in developing countries.
Although social marketing in these areas is growing, there
has been no systematic review of the current state of
practice, research and evaluation. We searched the
literature for published peer-reviewed studies available
through major online publication databases. We identified
manuscripts in the health, social science, and business
literature on social marketing that used at least one of the
4 Ps of marketing and had a behavioral objective targeting
the behaviors or products related to improving water and
sanitation. We developed formalized decision rules and
applied them in identifying articles for review. We
initially identified 117 articles and reviewed a final set
of 32 that met our criteria. Social marketing is a
widespread strategy. Marketing efforts have created high
levels of awareness of health threats and solutions,
including behavior change and socially marketed products.
There is widespread use of the 4 Ps of marketing, with price
interventions being the least common. Evaluations show
consistent improvements in behavioral mediators but mixed
results in behavior change. Interventions have successfully
used social marketing following widely recommended
strategies. Future evaluations need to focus on mediators
that explain successful behavior change in order to identify
best practices and improve future programs. More rigorous
evaluations including quasi-experimental designs and
randomized trials are needed. More consistent reporting of
evaluation results that permits meta-analysis of effects is
needed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.011},
Key = {fds267166}
}
@article{fds267167,
Author = {Bhojvaid, V and Jeuland, M and Kar, A and Lewis, JJ and Pattanayak, SK and Ramanathan, N and Ramanathan, V and Rehman, IH},
Title = {How do people in rural India perceive improved stoves and
clean fuel? Evidence from Uttar Pradesh and
Uttarakhand.},
Journal = {International journal of environmental research and public
health},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1341-1358},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1661-7827},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110201341},
Abstract = {Improved cook stoves (ICS) have been widely touted for their
potential to deliver the triple benefits of improved
household health and time savings, reduced deforestation and
local environmental degradation, and reduced emissions of
black carbon, a significant short-term contributor to global
climate change. Yet diffusion of ICS technologies among
potential users in many low-income settings, including
India, remains slow, despite decades of promotion. This
paper explores the variation in perceptions of and
preferences for ICS in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, as
revealed through a series of semi-structured focus groups
and interviews from 11 rural villages or hamlets. We find
cautious interest in new ICS technologies, and observe that
preferences for ICS are positively related to perceptions of
health and time savings. Other respondent and community
characteristics, e.g., gender, education, prior experience
with clean stoves and institutions promoting similar
technologies, and social norms as perceived through the
actions of neighbours, also appear important. Though they
cannot be considered representative, our results suggest
that efforts to increase adoption and use of ICS in rural
India will likely require a combination of supply-chain
improvements and carefully designed social marketing and
promotion campaigns, and possibly incentives, to reduce the
up-front cost of stoves.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph110201341},
Key = {fds267167}
}
@article{fds267169,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Hanauer, MM and Miteva, DA and Canavire-Bacarreza,
GJ and Pattanayak, SK and Sims, KRE},
Title = {More strictly protected areas are not necessarily more
protective: Evidence from Bolivia, Costa Rica, Indonesia,
and Thailand},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {025011-025011},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1748-9326},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000321425100058&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {National parks and other protected areas are at the
forefront of global efforts to protect biodiversity and
ecosystem services. However, not all protection is equal.
Some areas are assigned strict legal protection that permits
few extractive human uses. Other protected area designations
permit a wider range of uses. Whether strictly protected
areas are more effective in achieving environmental
objectives is an empirical question: although strictly
protected areas legally permit less anthropogenic
disturbance, the social conflicts associated with assigning
strict protection may lead politicians to assign strict
protection to less-threatened areas and may lead citizens or
enforcement agents to ignore the strict legal restrictions.
We contrast the impacts of strictly and less strictly
protected areas in four countries using IUCN designations to
measure de jure strictness, data on deforestation to measure
outcomes, and a quasi-experimental design to estimate
impacts. On average, stricter protection reduced
deforestation rates more than less strict protection, but
the additional impact was not always large and sometimes
arose because of where stricter protection was assigned
rather than regulatory strictness per se. We also show that,
in protected area studies contrasting y management regimes,
there are y2 policy-relevant impacts, rather than only y, as
earlier studies have implied. © 2013 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/025011},
Key = {fds267169}
}
@article{fds267195,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Pattanayak, SK and Ferraro, PJ},
Title = {Evaluation of biodiversity policy instruments: What works
and what doesn't?},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-92},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0266-903X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grs009},
Abstract = {We review and confirm the claim that credible evaluations of
common conservation instruments continue to be rare. The
limited set of rigorous studies suggests that protected
areas cause modest reductions in deforestation; however, the
evidence base for payments for ecosystem services,
decentralization policies and other interventions is much
weaker. Thus, we renew our urgent call for more evaluations
from many more biodiversity-relevant locations.
Specifically, we call for a programme of
research-Conservation Evaluation 2.0-that seeks to measure
how programme impacts vary by socio-political and
bio-physical context, to track economic and environmental
impacts jointly, to identify spatial spillover effects to
untargeted areas, and to use theories of change to
characterize causal mechanisms that can guide the collection
of data and the interpretation of results. Only then can we
usefully contribute to the debate over how to protect
biodiversity in developing countries. © The Authors 2012.
Published by Oxford University Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/grs009},
Key = {fds267195}
}
@article{fds267194,
Author = {Poulos, C and Yang, J-C and Patil, SR and Pattanayak, S and Wood, S and Goodyear, L and Gonzalez, JM},
Title = {Consumer preferences for household water treatment products
in Andhra Pradesh, India.},
Journal = {Soc Sci Med},
Volume = {75},
Number = {4},
Pages = {738-746},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.059},
Abstract = {Over 5 billion people worldwide are exposed to unsafe water.
Given the obstacles to ensuring sustainable improvements in
water supply infrastructure and the unhygienic handling of
water after collection, household water treatment and
storage (HWTS) products have been viewed as important
mechanisms for increasing access to safe water. Although
studies have shown that HWTS technologies can reduce the
likelihood of diarrheal illness by about 30%, levels of
adoption and continued use remain low. An understanding of
household preferences for HWTS products can be used to
create demand through effective product positioning and
social marketing, and ultimately improve and ensure
commercial sustainability and scalability of these products.
However, there has been little systematic research on
consumer preferences for HWTS products. This paper reports
the results of the first state-of-the-art conjoint analysis
study of HWTS products. In 2008, we conducted a conjoint
analysis survey of a representative sample of households in
Andhra Pradesh (AP), India to elicit and quantify household
preferences for commercial HWTS products. Controlling for
attribute non-attendance in an error components mixed logit
model, the study results indicate that the most important
features to respondents, in terms of the effect on utility,
were the type of product, followed by the extent to which
the product removes pathogens, the retail outlet and, the
time required to treat 10 L. Holding all other product
attributes constant, filters were preferred to combination
products and chemical additives. Department stores and
weekly markets were the most favorable sales outlets,
followed by mobile salespeople. In general, households do
not prefer to purchase HWTS products at local shops. Our
results can inform the types of products and sales outlets
that are likely to be successful in commercial HWTS markets
in AP, as well as the influence of different pricing and
financing strategies on product demand and
uptake.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.059},
Key = {fds267194}
}
@article{fds267200,
Author = {Hamoudi, A and Jeuland, M and Lombardo, S and Patil, S and Pattanayak,
SK and Rai, S},
Title = {The effect of water quality testing on household behavior:
evidence from an experiment in rural India.},
Journal = {The American journal of tropical medicine and
hygiene},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-22},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22764286},
Abstract = {How does specific information about contamination in a
household's drinking water affect water handling behavior?
We randomly split a sample of households in rural Andhra
Pradesh, India. The treatment group observed a contamination
test of the drinking water in their own household storage
vessel; while they were waiting for their results, they were
also provided with a list of actions that they could take to
remedy contamination if they tested positive. The control
group received no test or guidance. The drinking water of
nearly 90% of tested households showed evidence of
contamination by fecal bacteria. They reacted by purchasing
more of their water from commercial sources but not by
making more time-intensive adjustments. Providing salient
evidence of risk increases demand for commercial clean
water.},
Doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0051},
Key = {fds267200}
}
@article{fds267192,
Author = {Arriagada, RA and Ferraro, PJ and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Cordero-Sancho, S},
Title = {Do payments for environmental services affect forest cover?
A farm-level evaluation from Costa Rica},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Pages = {382-399},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.88.2.382},
Abstract = {Payments for environmental services (PES) are popular
despite little empirical evidence of their effectiveness. We
estimate the impact of PES on forest cover in a region known
for exemplary implementation of one of the best-known and
longest-lived PES programs. Our evaluation design combines
sampling that incorporates prematching, data from remote
sensing and household surveys, and empirical methods that
include partial identification with weak assumptions,
difference-in-differences matching estimators, and tests of
sensitivity to unobservable heterogeneity. PES in our study
site increased participating farm forest cover by about 11%
to 17% of the mean area under PES contract over eight years.
(JEL Q57, Q58) © 2012 by the Board of Regents of the
University of Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.88.2.382},
Key = {fds267192}
}
@article{fds267193,
Author = {Lewis, JJ and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Who adopts improved fuels and cookstoves? A systematic
review.},
Journal = {Environmental health perspectives},
Volume = {120},
Number = {5},
Pages = {637-645},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22296719},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The global focus on improved cookstoves
(ICSs) and clean fuels has increased because of their
potential for delivering triple dividends: household health,
local environmental quality, and regional climate benefits.
However, ICS and clean fuel dissemination programs have met
with low rates of adoption.<h4>Objectives</h4>We reviewed
empirical studies on ICSs and fuel choice to describe the
literature, examine determinants of fuel and stove choice,
and identify knowledge gaps.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a
systematic review of the literature on the adoption of ICSs
or cleaner fuels by households in developing countries.
Results are synthesized through a simple vote-counting
meta-analysis.<h4>Results</h4>We identified 32 research
studies that reported 146 separate regression analyses of
ICS adoption (11 analyses) or fuel choice (135 analyses)
from Asia (60%), Africa (27%), and Latin America (19%). Most
studies apply multivariate regression methods to consider
7-13 determinants of choice. Income, education, and urban
location were positively associated with adoption in most
but not all studies. However, the influence of fuel
availability and prices, household size and composition, and
sex is unclear. Potentially important drivers such as
credit, supply-chain strengthening, and social marketing
have been ignored.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adoption studies of
ICSs or clean energy are scarce, scattered, and of
differential quality, even though global distribution
programs are quickly expanding. Future research should
examine an expanded set of contextual variables to improve
implementation of stove programs that can realize the
"win-win-win" of health, local environmental quality, and
climate associated with these technologies.},
Doi = {10.1289/ehp.1104194},
Key = {fds267193}
}
@misc{fds267161,
Author = {Van Houtven and G and Pattanayak, SK and Patil, S and Depro,
B},
Title = {Benefits transfer of a third kind: An examination of
structural benefits transfer},
Pages = {303-321},
Booktitle = {Preference Data for Environmental Valuation: Combining
Revealed and Stated Approaches},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780415774642},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203828991},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203828991},
Key = {fds267161}
}
@misc{fds267162,
Author = {González-Sepúlveda, JM and Loomis, JB},
Title = {Are benefit transfers using a joint revealed and stated
preference model more accurate than revealed and stated
preference data alone?},
Pages = {289-302},
Booktitle = {Preference Data for Environmental Valuation: Combining
Revealed and Stated Approaches},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780415774642},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203828991},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203828991},
Key = {fds267162}
}
@article{fds267148,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Yasuoka, J},
Title = {Deforestation and malaria: Revisiting the human ecology
perspective},
Pages = {197-217},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849771627},
Doi = {10.4324/9781849771627},
Key = {fds267148}
}
@article{fds267191,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Lawlor, K and Mullan, KL and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Forest figures: Ecosystem services valuation and policy
evaluation in developing countries},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-44},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rer019},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rer019},
Key = {fds267191}
}
@misc{fds267159,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {National parks as conservation and development projects:
Gauging local support},
Pages = {113-132},
Booktitle = {Conserving and Valuing Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity:
Economic, Institutional and Social Challenges},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781849770859},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849770859},
Doi = {10.4324/9781849770859},
Key = {fds267159}
}
@article{fds267199,
Author = {Jeuland, MA and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Benefits and costs of improved cookstoves: assessing the
implications of variability in health, forest and climate
impacts.},
Journal = {PLoS One},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e30338},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22348005},
Abstract = {Current attention to improved cook stoves (ICS) focuses on
the "triple benefits" they provide, in improved health and
time savings for households, in preservation of forests and
associated ecosystem services, and in reducing emissions
that contribute to global climate change. Despite the
purported economic benefits of such technologies, however,
progress in achieving large-scale adoption and use has been
remarkably slow. This paper uses Monte Carlo simulation
analysis to evaluate the claim that households will always
reap positive and large benefits from the use of such
technologies. Our analysis allows for better understanding
of the variability in economic costs and benefits of ICS use
in developing countries, which depend on unknown
combinations of numerous uncertain parameters. The model
results suggest that the private net benefits of ICS will
sometimes be negative, and in many instances highly so.
Moreover, carbon financing and social subsidies may help
enhance incentives to adopt, but will not always be
appropriate. The costs and benefits of these technologies
are most affected by their relative fuel costs, time and
fuel use efficiencies, the incidence and cost-of-illness of
acute respiratory illness, and the cost of household cooking
time. Combining these results with the fact that households
often find these technologies to be inconvenient or
culturally inappropriate leads us to understand why uptake
has been disappointing. Given the current attention to the
scale up of ICS, this analysis is timely and important for
highlighting some of the challenges for global efforts to
promote ICS.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0030338},
Key = {fds267199}
}
@article{fds317853,
Author = {Köhlin, G and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Wilfong,
C},
Title = {Energy, Gender and Development: What are the Linkages? Where
is the Evidence?},
Journal = {World Bank Policy Research Working Paper},
Number = {5800},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {This report reviews the literature on the links between
energy access, welfare, and gender in order to provide
evidence on where gender considerations in the energy sector
matter and how they might be addressed. Prepared as a
background document for the 2012 World Development Report on
Gender Equality and Development, and part of the Social
Development Department's ongoing work on gender and
infrastructure, the report describes and evaluates the
evidence on the links between gender and energy focusing on:
increased access to woodfuel through planting of trees and
forest management; improved cooking technologies; and access
to electricity and motive energy. The report's main finding
is that energy interventions can have significant gender
benefits, which can be realized via careful design and
targeting of interventions based on a context-specific
understanding of energy scarcity and household
decision-making, in particular how women's preferences,
opportunity cost of time, and welfare are reflected in
household energy decisions. The report focuses on the
academic peer-reviewed literature and, although it applies
fairly inclusive screening criteria when selecting the
evidence to consider, finds that the evidence on many of the
energy-gender linkages is often limited. There is thus a
clear need for studies to evaluate interventions and
identify key design elements for gender-sensitive project
design.},
Key = {fds317853}
}
@article{fds267189,
Author = {Saha, S and Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Singha,
AK},
Title = {Under-mining health: environmental justice and mining in
India.},
Journal = {Health & place},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {140-148},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21130678},
Abstract = {Despite the potential for economic growth, extractive
mineral industries can impose negative health externalities
in mining communities. We estimate the size of these
externalities by combining household interviews with mine
location and estimating statistical functions of respiratory
illness and malaria among villagers living along a gradient
of proximity to iron-ore mines in rural India. Two-stage
regression modeling with cluster corrections suggests that
villagers living closer to mines had higher respiratory
illness and malaria-related workday loss, but the evidence
for mine workers is mixed. These findings contribute to the
thin empirical literature on environmental justice and
public health in developing countries.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.09.007},
Key = {fds267189}
}
@article{fds267190,
Author = {Weber, JG and Sills, EO and Bauch, S and Pattanayak,
SK},
Title = {Do ICDPs work? An empirical evaluation of forest-based
microenterprises in the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {4},
Pages = {661-681},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.87.4.661},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates public investments in forest-based
microenterprises as part of an integrated conservation and
development project (ICDP) in the Brazilian Amazon. We
combine matching with regression to quantify the effects of
program participation on household income, wealth, and
livelihoods. We find that participation increased cash and
total income and asset accumulation, suggesting that the
microenterprises contributed to the development goals of the
ICDP. There is no clear evidence, however, that the
microenterprise program helped achieve the ICDP's
conservation goals of shifting household livelihoods away
from agriculture and into sustainable forest use. © 2011 by
the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.87.4.661},
Key = {fds267190}
}
@article{fds317854,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Corey, CG and Lau, YF and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Biodiversity Conservation and Child Malaria: Microeconomic
Evidence from Flores, Indonesia},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke Working
Paper},
Number = {85},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {In remote areas of developing countries, people's health and
livelihoods are closely intertwined with the condition of
the natural environment. Unfortunately, claims regarding the
role of ecosystem degradation on disease outcomes rest on a
short list of rigorous empirical studies that consider
social, cultural and economic factors that underpin both
ecosystem disruptions and behaviors related to exposure,
prevention and treatment of diseases such as malaria. As the
human ecological tradition suggests, omitting behaviors can
lead to erroneous interpretations regarding the nature of
the relationship between ecological changes and disease. We
specify and test the relationship between child malaria
prevalence and forest conditions in a quasi-experimental
setting of buffer zone villages around a protected area,
which was established to conserve biodiversity on Flores,
Indonesia. Multivariate probit regressions are used to
examine this conservation and health hypothesis, controlling
for several individual, family and community variables that
could confound this hypothesized link. We find that the
extent of primary (protected) forest is negatively
associated with child malaria, while the extent of secondary
(disturbed) forest cover is positively correlated with child
malaria, all else equal. This finding emphasizes the natural
insurance value of conservation because children are both
especially vulnerable to changes in environmental risks and
key players in the future growth and prosperity of a
society.},
Key = {fds317854}
}
@article{fds267188,
Author = {Arriagada, RA and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Cubbage, FW and González, E},
Title = {Modeling fertilizer externalities around Palo Verde National
Park, Costa Rica},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {6},
Pages = {567-575},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0169-5150},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2010.00472.x},
Abstract = {Irrigated rice farming in Costa Rica involves use of
agrochemicals that pollute important wetlands ecosystems,
such as the Palo Verde National Park in the northeastern
province of Guanacaste. We characterize rice farming in this
region, apply duality theory to estimate conditional factor
demand for fertilizer, and then simulate the impacts of
alternative policies on fertilizer use. Using a normalized
profit function, we also estimate policy impacts on farmer
profits. As expected, prices of rice seeds and fertilizer
significantly affect use of fertilizer. Price incentives or
taxes could encourage farming practices that reduce the
threat to downstream ecosystems. © 2010 International
Association of Agricultural Economists.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1574-0862.2010.00472.x},
Key = {fds267188}
}
@article{fds323429,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Saha, S and Sahu, P and Sills, E and Singha, A and Yang,
J},
Title = {Mine over matter? Health, wealth and forests in a mining
area of Orissa},
Journal = {Indian Growth and Development Review},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {166-185},
Publisher = {Emerald},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17538251011084473},
Abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate
whether mining can serve as a pathway for economic
development despite the environmental externalities. The
extensive literature on the “resource curse” phenomenon
at the national level generally finds that economic
dependence on mineral resources is associated with lower
levels of economic growth. This paper shows that further
insight can be obtained by studying microlevel resource
curse because of heterogeneity in institutions, natural
resources and economic behaviors. Design/methodology/approach
– The paper empirically tests the resource curse
hypothesis with data from a stratified random sample of 600
households in 20 villages in the mining district of
Keonjhar, Orissa. Household surveys were used to collect
data on demography, forest dependence, health and household
economics. Using geographical information system (GIS), the
household data were integrated with secondary spatial data
on land cover and location of mines to construct multiple
measures of exposure to iron ore mines. Findings –
Microeconometric models demonstrate the multifaceted
nature of the relationships between mine exposure, forest
resources and human welfare. Households closer to mines
experience higher incidences of many illnesses, rank lower
on indicators of human development and own fewer production
assets. They also derive fewer forest benefits because
forests are more degraded and less accessible in villages
closer to mines. Originality/value – This analysis remains
timely because of ongoing violent conflicts and concern
over negative impacts on the welfare of rural populations in
the mining areas of India, which is consistent with the
notion of a resource curse. The paper's findings on the
magnitude of negative impacts can inform the policy
discourse (e.g. benefits sharing schemes) related to
miningled growth. © 2010, Emerald Group Publishing
Limited},
Doi = {10.1108/17538251011084473},
Key = {fds323429}
}
@article{fds267186,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Wunder, S and Ferraro, PJ},
Title = {Show me the money: Do payments supply environmental services
in developing countries?},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {254-274},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/req006},
Abstract = {Many of the services supplied by nature are externalities.
Economic theory suggests that some form of subsidy or
contracting between the beneficiaries and the providers
could result in an optimal supply of environmental services.
Moreover, if the poor own resources that give them a
comparative advantage in the supply of environmental
services, then payments for environmental services (PES) can
improve environmental and poverty outcomes. While the theory
is relatively straightforward, the practice is not,
particularly in developing countries where institutions are
weak. This article reviews the empirical literature on PES
additionality by asking, "Do payments deliver environmental
services, everything else being equal, or, at least, the
land-use changes believed to generate environmental services
We examine both qualitative case studies and rigorous
econometric quasi-experimental analyses. We find that
government-coordinated PES have caused modest or no reversal
of deforestation. Case studies of smaller-scale,
user-financed PES schemes claim more substantial impacts,
but few of these studies eliminate rival explanations for
the positive effects. We conclude by discussing how the
dearth of evidence about PES impacts, and unanswered
questions about institutional preconditions and motivational
"crowding out," limit the prospects for using international
carbon payments to reduce emissions from deforestation and
degradation. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of the Association of
Environmental and Resource Economists. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/req006},
Key = {fds267186}
}
@article{fds267185,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Poulos, C and Yang, J-C and Patil,
S},
Title = {How valuable are environmental health interventions?
Evaluation of water and sanitation programmes in
India.},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {88},
Number = {7},
Pages = {535-542},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616973},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate and quantify the economic
benefits attributable to improvements in water supply and
sanitation in rural India.<h4>Methods</h4>We combined
propensity-score "pre-matching" and rich pre-post panel data
on 9500 households in 242 villages located in four
geographically different districts to estimate the economic
benefits of a large-scale community demand-driven water
supply programme in Maharashtra, India. We calculated coping
costs and cost of illness by adding across several elements
of coping and illness and then estimated causal impacts
using a difference-in-difference strategy on the pre-matched
sample. The pre-post design allowed us to use a
difference-in-difference estimator to measure "treatment
effect" by comparing treatment and control villages during
both periods. We compared average household costs with
respect to out-of-pocket medical expenses, patients' lost
income, caregiving costs, time spent on collecting water,
time spent on sanitation, and water treatment costs due to
filtration, boiling, chemical use and storage.<h4>Findings</h4>Three
years after programme initiation, the number of households
using piped water and private pit latrines had increased by
10% on average, but no changes in hygiene-related behaviour
had occurred. The behavioural changes observed suggest that
the average household in a programme community could save as
much as 7 United States dollars per month (or 5% of monthly
household cash expenditures) in coping costs, but would not
reduce illness costs. Poorer, socially marginalized
households benefited more, in alignment with programme
objectives.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Given the renewed interest in
water, sanitation and hygiene outcomes, evaluating the
economic benefits of environmental interventions by means of
causal research is important for understanding the true
value of such interventions.},
Doi = {10.2471/blt.09.066050},
Key = {fds267185}
}
@article{fds304216,
Author = {Arriagada, RA and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Ferraro,
PJ},
Title = {Combining qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate
participation in costa rica's program of payments for
environmental services},
Journal = {Journal of Sustainable Forestry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3-5},
Pages = {343-367},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1054-9811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10549810802701192},
Abstract = {The Costa Rican Program of Payments for Environmental
Services provides financial compensation to forest owners
for the environmental services generated by their forests.
This program offers a unique opportunity to evaluate the
impacts of direct incentive payments on conservation. In
order to measure the causal effect of this program on
outcomes of interest, it is fundamental to understand the
factors that influence enrollment in the program. Economic
theory suggests that opportunity costs are key, but many
factors may determine and mediate the influence of these
costs. This article reports findings from an integrated
qualitative and quantitative approach to this question.
Within an iterative field research framework, information
was gathered through (a) semistructured interviews with
government officials and forestry professionals, (b) case
studies of participant and nonparticipant forest landowners
based on in-depth interviews, field visits, and a review of
records, and (c) a quantitative survey of participant and
nonparticipant landowners. The semistructured interviews and
case studies provide important insights that can be
incorporated into the quantitative analysis, specifically by
identifying potential determinants of program participation
and land use change. Hypotheses about the relationship
between program participation and the opportunity costs of
participation are confirmed using both approaches. © Taylor
& Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/10549810802701192},
Key = {fds304216}
}
@article{fds267187,
Author = {Pongsiri, MJ and Roman, J and Ezenwa, VO and Goldberg, TL and Koren, HS and Newbold, SC and Ostfeld, RS and Pattanayak, SK and Salkeld,
DJ},
Title = {Biodiversity loss affects global disease
ecology},
Journal = {BioScience},
Volume = {59},
Number = {11},
Pages = {945-954},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0006-3568},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2009.59.11.6},
Abstract = {Changes in the type and prevalence of human diseases have
occurred during shifts in human social organization, for
example, from hunting and gathering to agriculture and with
urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. The recent
emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases appears to
be driven by globalization and ecological disruption. We
propose that habitat destruction and biodiversity loss
associated with biotic homogenization can increase the
incidence and distribution of infectious diseases affecting
humans. The clearest connection between biotic
homogenization and infectious disease is the spread of
nonindigenous vectors and pathogens. The loss of predators
and hosts that dilute pathogen transmission can also
increase the incidence of vectorborne illnesses. Other
mechanisms include enhanced abiotic conditions for pathogens
and vectors and higher host-pathogen encounter rates.
Improved understanding of these causal mechanisms can inform
decisionmaking on biodiversity conservation as an effective
way to protect human health. © 2009 by American Institute
of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1525/bio.2009.59.11.6},
Key = {fds267187}
}
@article{fds267203,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Behavior, Environment, and Health in Developing Countries:
Evaluation and Valuation},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {183-217},
Publisher = {Annual Reviews},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000273629900011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> We consider health and environmental quality in
developing countries, where limited resources constrain
behaviors that combat enormously burdensome health
challenges. We focus on four huge challenges that are
preventable (i.e., are resolved in rich countries). We
distinguish them as special cases in a general model of
household behavior, which is critical and depends on risk
information. Simply informing households may achieve a lot
in the simplest challenge (groundwater arsenic); yet, for
the three infectious situations discussed (respiratory,
diarrhea, and malaria), community coordination and public
provision may also be necessary. More generally, social
interactions may justify additional policies. For each
situation, we discuss the valuation of private spillovers
(i.e., externalities) and evaluation of public policies to
reduce environmental risks and spillovers. Finally, we
reflect on open questions in our model and knowledge gaps in
the empirical literature including the challenges of scaling
up and climate change. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144053},
Key = {fds267203}
}
@article{fds267205,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and Dickinson, KL and Poulos, C and Patil,
SR and Mallick, R and Blitstein, J and Praharaj, P},
Title = {Shame or subsidy revisited: Social mobilization for
sanitation in Orissa, India},
Journal = {Bulletin of World Health Organization},
Volume = {87},
Number = {8},
Pages = {580-587},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19705007},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the effectiveness of a
sanitation campaign that combines 'shaming' (i.e. emotional
motivators) with subsidies for poor households in rural
Orissa, an Indian state with a disproportionately high share
of India's child mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>Using a
cluster-randomized design, we selected 20 treatment and 20
control villages in the coastal district of Bhadrak, rural
Orissa, for a total sample of 1050 households. We collected
sanitation and health data before and after a community-led
sanitation project, and we used a difference-in-difference
estimator to determine the extent to which the campaign
influenced the number of households building and using a
latrine.<h4>Findings</h4>Latrine ownership did not increase
in control villages, but in treatment villages it rose from
6% to 32% in the overall sample, from 5% to 36% in
households below the poverty line (eligible for a government
subsidy) and from 7% to 26% in households above the poverty
line (not eligible for a government subsidy).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Subsidies
can overcome serious budget constraints but are not
necessary to spur action, for shaming can be very effective
by harnessing the power of social pressure and peer
monitoring. Through a combination of shaming and subsidies,
social marketing can improve sanitation worldwide.},
Doi = {10.2471/blt.08.057422},
Key = {fds267205}
}
@article{fds267204,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Ross, MT and Depro, BM and Bauch, SC and Timmins, C and Wendland, KJ and Alger, K},
Title = {Climate change and conservation in Brazil: CGE evaluation of
health and wealth impacts},
Journal = {B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {Article 6},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1935-1682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Abstract = {Ecosystem services are public goods that frequently
constitute the only source of capital for the poor, who lack
political voice. As a result, provision of ecosystem
services is sub-optimal and estimation of their values is
complicated. We examine how econometric estimation can feed
computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling to estimate
health-related ecosystem values. Against a back drop of
climate change, we analyze the Brazilian policy to expand
National Forests (FLONAS) by 50 million hectares. Because
these major environmental changes can generate spillovers in
other sectors, we develop and use a CGE model that focuses
on land and labor markets. Compared to climate change and
deforestation in the baseline, the FLONAS scenario suggests
relatively small declines in GDP, output (including
agriculture) and other macro indicators. Urban households
will experience declines in their welfare because they own
most of the capital and land, which allows them to capture
most of the deforestation benefits. In contrast, even though
rural households have fewer opportunities for subsistence
agriculture and face additional competition with other rural
agricultural workers for more limited employment, their
welfare improves due to health benefits from conservation of
nearby forests. The efficiency vs. equity tradeoffs implied
by the FLONAS scenario suggests that health-related
ecosystem services will be underprovided if the rural poor
are politically weaker than the urban rich. In conclusion,
we briefly discuss the pros and cons of the CGE strategy for
valuing ecosystem-mediated health benefits and evaluating
contemporary policies on climate change mitigation.
Copyright © 2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Key = {fds267204}
}
@misc{fds267147,
Author = {Gunatilake, H and Yang, JC and Pattanayak, S and Van Den berg,
C},
Title = {An assessment of demand for improved household water supply
in Southwest Sri Lanka},
Pages = {444-473},
Booktitle = {Environmental Valuation: In South Asia},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107007147},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511843938.019},
Abstract = {The Asia-Pacific region accounts for about 57 per cent (635
million) of the global population without safe drinking
water and 72 per cent (1.88 billion) of the global
population without proper sanitation (UNDP, 2006). Even
among the urban households which have access to Water Supply
and Sanitation (WSS) many receive low-quality services. The
global agenda for poverty reduction stated in the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) aims to halve the number of people
without proper water supply and sanitation by 2015 (United
Nations, 2005, ADB, 2005). Large amount of investment on WSS
projects is required to achieve this goal. Mobilizing public
and private sector financial resources and designing and
implementing WSS projects are important tasks trusted upon
the developing country governments and their development
partners to achieve water related MDGs.Willingness To Pay
(WTP) data on improved water supply and sanitation services
constitute the basis for assessing effective demand and
benefits of WSS services projects. The WTP concept generally
refers to the economic value of a good to a person (or a
household), under given conditions. Net economic benefits of
improved water services, in simple terms, are estimated as
the difference between the consumers' maximum WTP for better
services and the actual cost of the services. In addition to
providing crucial information for assessing economic
viability of projects, WTP data are useful for setting
affordable tariffs, evaluation of policy alternatives,
assessing financial sustainability, as well as designing
socially equitable subsidies (Brookshire and Whittington
1993, Whittington 2002, Carson 2003, Gunatilake et al. 2006,
van den Berg et al. 2006).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511843938.019},
Key = {fds267147}
}
@misc{fds157323,
Author = {S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Rough guide to impact evaluation of environmental and
development programs},
Series = {Working Paper},
Publisher = {SANDEE},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.sandeeonline.com/uploads/documents/publication/847_PUB_Working_Paper_40.pdf},
Key = {fds157323}
}
@article{fds267206,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Poulos, C and Yang, JC and Patil, SR and Wendland,
KJ},
Title = {Of Taps and Toilets: Quasi-experimental protocols for
evaluating community-demand driven projects},
Journal = {Journal of Water and Health},
Volume = {7 (3)},
Number = {3},
Pages = {434-451},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1477-8920},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19491494},
Abstract = {Sustainable and equitable access to safe water and adequate
sanitation are widely acknowledged as vital, yet neglected,
development goals. Water supply and sanitation (WSS)
policies are justified because of the usual efficiency
criteria, but also major equity concerns. Yet, to date there
are few scientific impact evaluations showing that WSS
policies are effective in delivering social welfare
outcomes. This lack of an evaluation culture is partly
because WSS policies are characterized by diverse
mechanisms, broad goals and the increasing importance of
decentralized delivery, and partly because programme
administrators are unaware of appropriate methods. We
describe a protocol for a quasi-experimental evaluation of a
community-demand-driven programme for water and sanitation
in rural India, which addresses several evaluation
challenges. After briefly reviewing policy and
implementation issues in the sector, we describe key
features of our protocol, including control group
identification, pre-post measurement, programme theory,
sample sufficiency and robust indicators. At its core, our
protocol proposes to combine propensity score matching and
difference-in-difference estimation. We conclude by briefly
summarizing how quasi-experimental impact evaluations can
address key issues in WSS policy design and when such
evaluations are needed.},
Doi = {10.2166/wh.2009.059},
Key = {fds267206}
}
@article{fds267207,
Author = {Arriagada, R and Sills, E and Pattanayak, SK and Ferraro,
PJ},
Title = {Combining qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate
participation in Costa Rica's Program of Payments for
Environmental Services},
Journal = {Journal of Sustainable Forestry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {343-367},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1054-9811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10549810802701192},
Abstract = {The Costa Rican Program of Payments for Environmental
Services provides financial compensation to forest owners
for the environmental services generated by their forests.
This program offers a unique opportunity to evaluate the
impacts of direct incentive payments on conservation. In
order to measure the causal effect of this program on
outcomes of interest, it is fundamental to understand the
factors that influence enrollment in the program. Economic
theory suggests that opportunity costs are key, but many
factors may determine and mediate the influence of these
costs. This article reports findings from an integrated
qualitative and quantitative approach to this question.
Within an iterative field research framework, information
was gathered through (a) semistructured interviews with
government officials and forestry professionals, (b) case
studies of participant and nonparticipant forest landowners
based on in-depth interviews, field visits, and a review of
records, and (c) a quantitative survey of participant and
nonparticipant landowners. The semistructured interviews and
case studies provide important insights that can be
incorporated into the quantitative analysis, specifically by
identifying potential determinants of program participation
and land use change. Hypotheses about the relationship
between program participation and the opportunity costs of
participation are confirmed using both approaches. © Taylor
& Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/10549810802701192},
Key = {fds267207}
}
@article{fds267208,
Author = {Whitehead, JC and Pattanayak, SK and Van Houtven and GL and Gelso,
BR},
Title = {Combining revealed and stated preference data to estimate
the nonmarket value of ecological services: An assessment of
the state of the science},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Surveys},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {872-908},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0950-0804},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6419.2008.00552.x},
Abstract = {This paper reviews the marketing, transportation and
environmental economics literature on the joint estimation
of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) data.
The RP and SP approaches are first described with a focus on
the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing these
strengths and weaknesses, the potential gains from combining
data are described. A classification system for combined
data that emphasizes the type of data combination and the
econometric models used is proposed. A methodological review
of the literature is pursued based on this classification
system. Examples from the environmental economics literature
are highlighted. A discussion of the advantages and
disadvantages of each type of jointly estimated model is
then presented. Suggestions for future research, in
particular opportunities for application of these models to
environmental quality valuation, are presented. © 2008 The
Author. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6419.2008.00552.x},
Key = {fds267208}
}
@misc{fds157322,
Author = {Kramer, R. and E.O. Sills and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {National Parks as development and conservation projects:
Gauging local support},
Pages = {123-14},
Booktitle = {Conserving and Valuing Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity:
Economic, Institutional and Social Challenges},
Publisher = {Earthscan},
Editor = {K.M. Ninan},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds157322}
}
@article{fds147322,
Author = {Beach, R.H. and E.O. Sills and T. Liu and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {The Influence of Forest Management on Vulnerability to
Severe Weather},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Forest Environmental Threats},
Publisher = {USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest and Southern Research
Stations},
Editor = {C. Luce},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147322}
}
@article{fds147323,
Author = {Sills, E. and R. Arriagada and S. K. Pattanayak and P. Ferraro and L.
Carrasco and S. Cordero},
Title = {Private Provision of Public Goods: Applying Program
Evaluation to Evaluate ‘Payments for Ecosystem Services’
in Costa Rica},
Booktitle = {Ecomarket: Costa Rica’s Experience with Payments for
Environmental Services. Chapter 10},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Editor = {G. Platais and S. Pagiola},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147323}
}
@article{fds147324,
Author = {Ross, M. and B. Depro and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Assessing the Economy-Wide Effects of the PSA
Program},
Booktitle = {Ecomarket: Costa Rica’s Experience with Payments for
Environmental Services. Chapter 11},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Editor = {G. Platais and S. Pagiola},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147324}
}
@misc{fds147319,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and J. Yasuoka},
Title = {Deforestation and Malaria: Revisiting the Human Ecology
Perspective},
Pages = {197-217},
Booktitle = {Forests, People and Health: A Global Interdisciplinary
Overview. Chapter 9},
Publisher = {Earthscan Publishers},
Editor = {C.J.P. Colfer},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds147319}
}
@article{fds267182,
Author = {Gunatilake, H and Yang, JC and Pattanayak, S and Choe,
KAE},
Title = {Good practices for estimating reliable willingness-to-pay
values in the water supply and sanitation
sector},
Journal = {ERD Technical Note Series},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {1-53},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1655-5236},
Abstract = {Beneficlarieś willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimatesprovide
crucial information for designing water supply and
sanitation (WSS) projects. Contingent valuation (CV) method
is widely used to estimate WTP in WSS project preparation,
and poor quality CV studies is cause for concern. There is a
pressing need to improve the quality of CV studies conducted
in developing countries because such study findings may
provide misleading information on project feasibility. This
paper distills knowledge on CV methods generated during the
last two decades to provide practical guidelines for
skillfully undertaking CV studies. The paper recommends good
practices in design, survey administration, and analysis,
and provides a quality checklist for team/mission leaders to
ensure quality of CV studies in the WSS sector. © 2007 by
Asian Development Bank.},
Key = {fds267182}
}
@article{fds304215,
Author = {Beach, RH and Poulos, C and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Farm economics of bird flu},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {471-483},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0008-3976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2007.00103.x},
Abstract = {Outbreaks of infectious animal diseases represent a major
threat to agriculture and can impose significant social and
economic costs. The potential for devastating epidemics,
such as the recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) in Asia, Europe, and Africa, has prompted
major global investments in animal disease prevention and
control, both public and private. However, there has been
little research into the effects of alternative public
policies on farm-level actions to prevent and control HPAI
and the implications for disease impacts. Animal disease
management involves both ex ante investments to reduce the
probability of infection and ex post actions to contain the
spread of disease once introduced. The public sector can
play an important part in disease mitigation through
provision of public disease prevention and control. Another
vital role for government in mitigating the potential
impacts of HPAI is in the development of well-designed
policies to induce socially optimal ex ante private
investment while providing incentives for truthful
disclosure of disease status. This study employs an economic
epidemiology framework to examine the effects of farmer
behavior on disease introduction and transmission and to
analyze the effects of public policy decisions under
alternative scenarios. © 2007 Canadian Agricultural
Economics Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7976.2007.00103.x},
Key = {fds304215}
}
@article{fds267239,
Author = {Van Houtven and G and Powers, J and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Valuing water quality improvements in the United States
using meta-analysis: Is the glass half-full or half-empty
for national policy analysis?},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {206-228},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2007.01.002},
Abstract = {The literature estimating the economic value for water
quality changes has grown considerably over the last 30
years, resulting in an expanded pool of information
potentially available to support national and regional
policy analysis. Using 131 willingness to pay estimates from
18 studies that use a similar definition of water quality,
we performed a meta-regression analysis and found mixed
results. We find that WTP varies in systematic and expected
ways with respect to factors such as the size of the water
quality changes, average household income, and use/nonuse
characteristics of respondents. As a whole, we conclude that
our meta-regression results provide a reasonable basis for
estimating expected WTP values for defined changes in water
quality. However, despite a large number of existing
economic valuation studies, relatively few could be
meaningfully combined through meta-analysis due to
heterogeneity in the commodities being valued in the
original studies. Based on these findings, we provide
recommendations for future research, including suggestions
regarding more standardized approaches for defining water
quality and reporting information in valuation studies. ©
2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2007.01.002},
Key = {fds267239}
}
@article{fds267240,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Wendland, KJ},
Title = {Nature's care: Diarrhea, watershed protection, and
biodiversity conservation in Flores, Indonesia},
Journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
Volume = {16},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2801-2819},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0960-3115},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9215-1},
Abstract = {Part of the puzzle surrounding biodiversity loss lies in an
incomplete understanding of how humans value the functions
and services that flow from biodiversity conservation
projects. This paper takes a closer look at the links
between the conservation of biodiversity and the livelihoods
of rural people who live on the fringes of the parks and
protected areas. We revisit some of the key aspects of
ecosystem valuation-purpose, methodology, and policy design
and implementation-because the links between biodiversity
conservation, ecosystem services, and human welfare are
obscured by considerable smoke and mirrors. Using a
biodiversity conservation project (Ruteng Park) on Flores
Island in Indonesia as a case study, we build a concrete
empirical example of ecosystem valuation. This conservation
project has resulted in spatially patchy watershed
protection that allows us to identify and estimate the
impacts of watershed services on human health (diarrhea
prevalence) in the buffer zone of the park. We conclude by
offering a plan of research to improve the design of
conservation interventions for protecting biodiversity and
providing ecosystem services. These recommendations include
developing more conceptual knowledge on the linkages between
biodiversity and ecosystem services; scaling up valuation
efforts of underappreciated services such as health;
shifting focus from valuing services individually to valuing
multiple benefits from the same area; and conducting
conservation policy experiments to identify causal outcomes
(including defensible estimates of ecosystem values). ©
2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10531-007-9215-1},
Key = {fds267240}
}
@misc{fds147328,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and V. K. Smith and G. Van Houtven},
Title = {Improving the Practice of Benefits Transfers: A Preference
Calibration Approach},
Series = {Economics of Non-markets Goods and Resources Series, Volume
9.},
Booktitle = {Environmental Value Transfers: Issues and Methods. Chapter
14},
Publisher = {Springer Science},
Editor = {S. Navrud and R. Ready},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147328}
}
@misc{fds147351,
Author = {Mansfield, C. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Getting Started},
Series = {Economics of Non-markets Goods and Resources Series, Volume
8.},
Pages = {1-20},
Booktitle = {Valuing Environmental Amenities using Choice Experiments: A
Common Sense Guide to Theory and Practice. Chapter
1},
Publisher = {Springer Science},
Editor = {B. Kanninen},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147351}
}
@article{fds147501,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and C.G. Corey and Y.F. Lau and R.
Kramer},
Title = {Biodiversity conservation and child health: Microeconomic
evidence from Flores, Indonesia},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147501}
}
@article{fds147504,
Author = {Patil, SR and SK Pattanayak},
Title = {Behaviors exposed: Household production of microbial
exposure},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper 07_03},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147504}
}
@article{fds147505,
Author = {Corey, C.G. and J-C. Yang and SK. Pattanayak},
Title = {A case control study of sanitation and hygiene
risks},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper 07_01},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147505}
}
@article{fds147506,
Author = {Atmadja, S. and E. Sills and S.K. Pattanayak and S.R. Patil and J-C.
Yang},
Title = {Discounting future health outcomes: Time preferences in
rural India},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147506}
}
@article{fds147508,
Author = {Dickinson, K. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Open sky latrines. Do social interactions influence
decisions to use toilets?},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147508}
}
@article{fds147509,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and G. L. Van Houtven},
Title = {Combining revealed and stated preferences for ecosystem
costs of deforestation},
Booktitle = {Preference Data for Environmental Valuation: Combining
Revealed and Stated Approaches},
Publisher = {Routledge Publishers},
Editor = {J. Whitehead and T. Haab and J.C. Huang},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147509}
}
@article{fds147510,
Author = {Van Houtven and G.L., S. K. Pattanayak and S.R. Patil and B.M.
Depro},
Title = {Benefits Transfer of the Third Kind: An Examination of
Structural Benefits Transfer},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147510}
}
@article{fds147511,
Author = {Yang, J-C and S.K. Pattanayak and C. Mansfield and F. R. Johnson and C.
van den Berg, H. Gunatilake and K. Wendland},
Title = {Un-packaging Demand for Urban Water Supply: Evidence from
Conjoint Surveys in Sri Lanka},
Journal = {World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
3817},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds147511}
}
@article{fds267237,
Author = {Beach, RH and Poulos, C and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Farm Economics of Bird Flu},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {473-485},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0008-3976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2007.00103.x},
Abstract = {Outbreaks of infectious animal diseases represent a major
threat to agriculture and can impose significant social and
economic costs. The potential for devastating epidemics,
such as the recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) in Asia, Europe, and Africa, has prompted
major global investments in animal disease prevention and
control, both public and private. However, there has been
little research into the effects of alternative public
policies on farm-level actions to prevent and control HPAI
and the implications for disease impacts. Animal disease
management involves both ex ante investments to reduce the
probability of infection and ex post actions to contain the
spread of disease once introduced. The public sector can
play an important part in disease mitigation through
provision of public disease prevention and control. Another
vital role for government in mitigating the potential
impacts of HPAI is in the development of well-designed
policies to induce socially optimal ex ante private
investment while providing incentives for truthful
disclosure of disease status. This study employs an economic
epidemiology framework to examine the effects of farmer
behavior on disease introduction and transmission and to
analyze the effects of public policy decisions under
alternative scenarios. © 2007 Canadian Agricultural
Economics Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7976.2007.00103.x},
Key = {fds267237}
}
@article{fds267238,
Author = {Beach, RH and Poulos, C and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Agricultural Household Response to Avian Influenza
Prevention and Control Policies},
Journal = {Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-311},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds267238}
}
@article{fds267181,
Author = {Gunatilake, H and Yang, JC and Pattanayak, S and Van Caroline Berg,
DEN},
Title = {Willingness-to-pay and design of water supply and sanitation
projects: A case study},
Journal = {ERD Technical Note Series},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {1-50},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1655-5236},
Abstract = {Assistance of the Asian Development Bank in the water supply
and sanitation (WSS) sector is predicted to increase.
Improving demand assessments in project preparation is an
identified need to enhance quality-at-entry. Using a case
study, this paper demonstrates the usefulness of
willingness-to-pay (WTP) studies in designing WSS projects.
The case study was conducted to facilitate the design of
public-private partnership for WSS in two service areas in
Sri Lanka. The paper shows how to test the validity of WTP
estimates and to use WTP data in generating useful
supplementary information. It then illustrates the use of
conjoint analysis to further understand demand. Finally, the
paper shows how the findings can be used to assess the
overall viability of the WSS project. © 2006 by Asian
Development Bank.},
Key = {fds267181}
}
@article{fds267235,
Author = {Smith, VK and Pattanayak, SK and Van Houtven and GL},
Title = {Structural benefit transfer: An example using VSL
estimates},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {361-371},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.04.002},
Abstract = {This paper describes and illustrates a method for benefits
transfer referred to as preference calibration or structural
benefits transfer. This approach requires selection of a
preference model, capable of describing individual choices
over a set of market and associated non-market goods to
maximize utility when facing budget constraints. Once the
structure is selected, the next step involves defining the
analytical expressions for the tradeoffs being represented
by the set of available benefit measures. These algebraic
relationships are used with the benefit estimates from the
literature to calibrate the parameters of the model. The
calibrated model then offers the basis for defining the
"new" tradeoffs required for the policy analysis, i.e., for
'transferring benefits'. A new application is used to
illustrate the structural benefits transfer logic. It
involves the benefits for mortality risk reductions,
measured with labor market compensation a worker would
accept to be willing to work with added risk. The measure is
usually labeled the value of a statistical life (VSL). Our
application indicates that we should not have expected
differences in these measures for the economic value of risk
reductions with age. The calibrated estimates were not
greatly different for combinations of risk levels, labor
supply choices, wages, and non-wage income for older adults.
Thus, simple adjustments relying on value per discounted
life year remaining seem questionable. ©
2006.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.04.002},
Key = {fds267235}
}
@misc{fds147629,
Author = {Poulos, C. and S.K. Pattanayak and K. Jones},
Title = {Guidelines for Impact Evaluations in the Water and
Sanitation Sector},
Journal = {Doing Impact Evaluations. No. 4},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
url = {http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTISPMA/Resources/383704-1146752240884/Doing_ie_series_04.pdf},
Key = {fds147629}
}
@article{fds147355,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and K. Dickinson and C. Corey and E.O. Sills and B.C.
Murray and R. Kramer},
Title = {Deforestation, Malaria, and Poverty: A Call for
Transdisciplinary Research to Design Cross-Sectoral
Policies},
Journal = {Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147355}
}
@misc{fds147630,
Author = {Gunatilake, H. and J-C. Yang and S.K. Pattanayak and C. van den
Berg},
Title = {Willingness to Pay Studies for Designing Water Supply and
Sanitation Projects: A Good Practice Case
Study},
Journal = {Economic Research Department, Technical Note No.
19},
Publisher = {Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147630}
}
@misc{fds147631,
Author = {Miller, J. and S. Saha and E. Sills and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Forest livelihoods and iron ore mines in Orissa,
India},
Journal = {Sylvanet},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {10-12},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147631}
}
@misc{fds147632,
Author = {van den Berg, C. and S.K. Pattanayak and J. Yang and H.
Gunatilake},
Title = {Getting the Assumptions Right: Private Sector Participation
Transaction Design and the Poor in Southwest Sri
Lanka},
Journal = {Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Board Discussion Paper
No. 7},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147632}
}
@misc{fds147357,
Author = {Sills, E. O. and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Tropical Tradeoffs: An Economics Perspective on Tropical
DeforeDeforestation},
Series = {Series on Exploring Environmental Challenges: A
Multidisciplinary Approach.},
Pages = {104-128},
Booktitle = {Tropical Deforestation},
Publisher = {Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc},
Editor = {S. Spray and M. Moran},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147357}
}
@article{fds147507,
Author = {Jha, N. and SK. Pattanayak},
Title = {Looking beyond participation: Considering alternative
paradigms for water and sanitation programs},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147507}
}
@article{fds147514,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and C. Poulos and J-C.Yang, G.L. Van Houtven and K. Jones},
Title = {Economics of Environmental Epidemiology: Estimates of
“Prevalence Elasticity” for Malaria},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147514}
}
@article{fds147600,
Author = {Jones, K.M. and S. K. Pattanayak and E. O. Sills},
Title = {Democracy and Dictatorship: Comparing household innovation
across the border of Benin and Togo},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147600}
}
@article{fds147601,
Author = {Patil, S. R. and S. K. Pattanayak and S. Vinerkar},
Title = {Gauging Adequacy of Community Water Supply and Sanitation
Projects in Maharashtra: Methodological Triangulation},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds147601}
}
@article{fds267209,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Money for nothing? A call for empirical evaluation of
biodiversity conservation investments},
Journal = {PLoS Biology},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {482-488},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1545-7885},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16602825},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.0040105},
Key = {fds267209}
}
@article{fds267234,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Dickinson, K and Corey, C and Murray, B and Sills, E and Kramer, R},
Title = {Deforestation, Malaria and Poverty: A Call for
Transdisciplinary Research to Support the Design of
Cross-Sectoral Policies},
Journal = {Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-12},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds267234}
}
@article{fds267236,
Author = {Sills, E and Pattanayak, SK and Ferraro, P and Alger,
K},
Title = {Abordagens Analíticas na Avaliação de Impactos Reais
de Programas de Conservação (Evaluating Conservation
Programs)},
Journal = {Megadiversidade},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {39-49},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds267236}
}
@article{fds267233,
Author = {Mansfield, C and Pattanayak, SK and McDow, W and McDonald, R and Halpin,
P},
Title = {Shades of Green: Measuring the value of urban forests in the
housing market},
Journal = {Journal of Forest Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {177-199},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1104-6899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2005.08.002},
Abstract = {Urban areas can contain public parks, protected forests,
unprotected (or undeveloped) forest areas, and trees growing
around a house or in the neighborhood surrounding the house.
Each type of forest cover provides different amenities to
the homeowner and to society at large. In particular, while
trees on a parcel of land or in a neighborhood may add value
for homeowners, the ecological value of these trees as
habitat is far less than large, unbroken parcels of forest.
We explore different definitions of forest cover and
greenness and assess the relative value of these various
types of forest cover to homeowners. Using data from the
Research Triangle region of North Carolina, we test the
hypothesis that trees on a parcel or in the neighborhood
around that parcel are substitutes for living near large
blocks of forest. The findings have implications for
land-use planning efforts and habitat conservation in
particular. © 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfe.2005.08.002},
Key = {fds267233}
}
@article{fds267232,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Butry, DT},
Title = {Spatial complementarity of forests and farms: Accounting for
ecosystem services},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {4},
Pages = {995-1008},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-9092},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00783.x},
Abstract = {Our article considers the economic contributions of forest
ecosystem services, using a case study from Flores,
Indonesia, in which forest protection in upstream watersheds
stabilize soil and hydrological flows in downstream farms.
We focus on the demand for a weak complement to the
ecosystem services - farm labor - and account for spatial
dependence due to economic interactions, ecosystem
processes, and data integration. The estimated models have
theoretically expected properties across eight different
specifications. We find strong evidence that forest
ecosystem services provide economically substantive benefits
to local people and that these services would be
substantially undervalued if spatial dependence is ignored.
Copyright 2005 American Agricultural Economics
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8276.2005.00783.x},
Key = {fds267232}
}
@article{fds267231,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and McCarl, BA and Sommer, AJ and Murray, BC and Bondelid, T and Gillig, D and DeAngelo, B},
Title = {Water quality co-effects of greenhouse gas mitigation in
U.S. agriculture},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {341-372},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-5925-0},
Abstract = {This study develops first-order estimates of water quality
co-effects of terrestrial greenhouse gas (GHG) emission
offset strategies in U.S. agriculture by linking a national
level agricultural sector model (ASMGHG) to a national level
water quality model (NWPCAM). The simulated policy scenario
considers GHG mitigation incentive payments of $25 and $50
per tonne, carbon equivalent to landowners for reducing
emissions or enhancing the sequestration of GHG through
agricultural and land-use practices. ASMGHG projects that
these GHG price incentives could induce widespread
conversion of agricultural to forested lands, along with
alteration of tillage practices, crop mix on land remaining
in agriculture, and livestock management. This study focuses
on changes in cropland use and management. The results
indicate that through agricultural cropland about 60 to 70
million tonnes of carbon equivalent (MMTCE) emissions can be
mitigated annually in the U.S. These responses also lead to
a 2% increase in aggregate national water quality, with
substantial variation across regions. Such GHG mitigation
activities are found to reduce annual nitrogen loadings into
the Gulf of Mexico by up to one half of the reduction goals
established by the national Watershed Nutrient Task Force
for addressing the hypoxia problem. © Springer
2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-005-5925-0},
Key = {fds267231}
}
@article{fds267202,
Author = {Ray, JS and Pattanayak, SK and Pande, K},
Title = {Rapid emplacement of the Kerguelen plume-related Sylhet
Traps, eastern India: Evidence from 40Ar-39Ar
geochronology},
Journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
Volume = {32},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1-4},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022586},
Abstract = {We report for the first time 40Ar-39Ar plateau ages for the
Sylhet Traps of eastern India. Our results provide
concordant ages for two samples, vertically separated by
∼200 m, from a tholeiite lava flow sequence. The ages are
indistinguishable at 2σ confidence level indicating a rapid
emplacement of these lavas. The weighted mean of the plateau
ages associated with least errors, 116.0 ± 3.5 Ma, most
likely represents the age of eruption. Clearly, the Sylhet
Traps are contemporaneous with the Kerguelen plume generated
Rajmahal and Bengal Traps. Our results in conjunction with
the existing age data in the Rajmahal-Bengal-Sylhet igneous
province suggest that the latter experienced widespread, and
rapid emplacement of flood basalts at ∼118 ± 2 Ma. Such a
large-scale volcanism would have required a direct
involvement of the Kerguelen plume, suggesting that the
Kerguelen hotspot was located close to the eastern Indian
margin during its initiation. Copyright 2005 by the American
Geophysical Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2005GL022586},
Key = {fds267202}
}
@article{fds267230,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and Whittington, D and Bal Kumar,
KC},
Title = {Coping with unreliable public water supplies: Averting
expenditures by households in Kathmandu,
Nepal},
Journal = {Water Resources Research},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-11},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002443},
Abstract = {This paper investigates two complementary pieces of data on
households' demand for improved water services, coping costs
and willingness to pay (WTP), from a survey of 1500 randomly
sampled households in Kathmandu, Nepal. We evaluate how
coping costs and WTP vary across types of water users and
income. We find that households in Kathmandu Valley engage
in five main types of coping behaviors: collecting, pumping,
treating, storing, and purchasing. These activities impose
coping costs on an average household of as much as 3 U.S.
dollars per month or about 1% of current incomes,
representing hidden but real costs of poor infrastructure
service. We find that these coping costs are almost twice as
much as the current monthly bills paid to the water utility
but are significantly lower than estimates of WTP for
improved services. We find that coping costs are
statistically correlated with WTP and several household
characteristics. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical
Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2003WR002443},
Key = {fds267230}
}
@article{fds304217,
Author = {Beach, RH and Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and Murray, BC and Abt,
RC},
Title = {Econometric studies of non-industrial private forest
management: A review and synthesis},
Journal = {Forest Policy and Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-281},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1389-9341},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1389-9341(03)00065-0},
Abstract = {Forest policies and management increasingly rely on economic
models to explain behaviors of landowners and to project
forest outputs, inventories and land use. However, it is
unclear whether the existing econometric models offer
general conclusions concerning non-industrial private forest
(NIPF) management or whether the existing results are
case-specific. In this paper, we systematically review the
empirical economics literature on NIPF timber harvesting,
reforestation, and timber stand improvements (TSI). We
confirm four primary categories of management determinants:
market drivers, policy variables, owner characteristics and
plot/resource conditions. We rely on the most basic form of
meta-analysis, vote counting, to combine information from
many studies to produce more general knowledge concerning
the key determinants of harvesting, reforestation and TSI
within these four categories. Despite substantial
differences in the variables used across models, the use of
meta-analysis enables the systematic identification of the
factors that are most important in explaining NIPF
management. We conclude with some methodological and policy
suggestions. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1389-9341(03)00065-0},
Key = {fds304217}
}
@article{fds147603,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and L. E. Carrasco and E. O. Sills and J.C. Yang and C.
van den Berg, C. Agarwal and H. Gunatilake.},
Title = {Economic Geography of Water and Poverty: Evidence from
Southwest Sri Lanka},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds147603}
}
@misc{fds147633,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and J.C. Yang and K. Jones and H. Gunatilake and C. van
den Berg, C. Agarwal and H. Bandara and T. Ranasinghe},
Title = {Poverty Dimensions of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in
Southwest Sri Lanka},
Journal = {Water Supply and Sanitation Working Note
8},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds147633}
}
@article{fds147602,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and C. van den Berg and G. Van Houtven and J-C
Yang},
Title = {Uses and abuses of WTP Experiments: Estimating Demand for
Piped Water Connections},
Journal = {World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
3817},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds147602}
}
@article{fds267229,
Author = {Beach, RH and Pattanayak, SK and Abt, RC and Murray, BC and Yang,
JC},
Title = {Empirical Studies of Non-Industrial Private Forest
Management: A Review and Synthesis},
Journal = {Forest Policy and Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-281},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {1389-9341},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1389-9341(03)00065-0},
Abstract = {Forest policies and management increasingly rely on economic
models to explain behaviors of landowners and to project
forest outputs, inventories and land use. However, it is
unclear whether the existing econometric models offer
general conclusions concerning non-industrial private forest
(NIPF) management or whether the existing results are
case-specific. In this paper, we systematically review the
empirical economics literature on NIPF timber harvesting,
reforestation, and timber stand improvements (TSI). We
confirm four primary categories of management determinants:
market drivers, policy variables, owner characteristics and
plot/resource conditions. We rely on the most basic form of
meta-analysis, vote counting, to combine information from
many studies to produce more general knowledge concerning
the key determinants of harvesting, reforestation and TSI
within these four categories. Despite substantial
differences in the variables used across models, the use of
meta-analysis enables the systematic identification of the
factors that are most important in explaining NIPF
management. We conclude with some methodological and policy
suggestions. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1389-9341(03)00065-0},
Key = {fds267229}
}
@article{fds267228,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Valuing watershed services: Concepts and empirics from
southeast Asia},
Journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment},
Volume = {104},
Number = {1},
Pages = {171-184},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.016},
Abstract = {Few empirical studies have rigorously analyzed the
downstream economic benefits of watershed protection to
generate economic values of watershed services. By
developing a conceptual framework and using household level
economic and environmental data to illustrate its empirical
tractability, this paper addresses the neglected, but
critical, question of the importance of watershed services
to farming communities in southeast Asia. A case study from
Flores, Indonesia provides evidence of a substantive,
quantified economic benefit of watershed service based on a
fixed-effects regression model of water collection costs.
The paper also offers lessons for researchers at all stages
of data collection and analysis and a research agenda for
enhancing our toolkit for policy analysis. This discussion
of conceptual, empirical and methodological issues
collectively suggests that ecosystem valuation can provide
critical input into the design and evaluation of
conservation and development policies in the tropics. ©
2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.016},
Key = {fds267228}
}
@article{fds267227,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Abt, RC and Sommer, AJ and Cubbage, F and Murray, BC and Yang, JC and Wear, D and Ahn, SE},
Title = {Forest forecasts: Does individual heterogeneity matter for
market and landscape outcomes?},
Journal = {Forest Policy and Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {243-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1389-9341},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2004.03.017},
Abstract = {Recent econometric analyses have shown that timber supply
choices reflect heterogeneous preferences for amenities and
management of forests in the US South. However, this
evidence is insufficient to determine whether timber market
models that rely on conventional timber supply
specifications will suffer from significant forecasting
biases. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the nature and
extent of such bias by (a) modifying the Sub-Regional Timber
Supply (SRTS) model to reflect landowner heterogeneity; and
(b) using estimated parameters to tie timber markets to
heterogeneous individual supply choices. We find that
conventional models will underestimate the ending period
inventory volume in the younger age classes of all forest
management types, except planted pines. These aggregate
results mask interesting sub-regional patterns, as
exemplified by mixed-pine forests of Virginia mountains,
Florida panhandle, and North Carolina mountains, and natural
pine forests of North Carolina piedmont. Compared to
empirically valid models, conventional models will also
estimate (a) lower timber prices, higher harvests and
substantially higher inventory for softwood species; and (b)
higher prices, lower harvests, and higher inventory for
hardwood species. A case study from North Carolina also
indicates significant differences in habitat forecasts for
61 species of birds, amphibians, and reptiles. We conclude
with a synthesis of the key underlying forces that
supplement or mitigate the heterogeneity impact, and a
discussion of the bias-vs.-efficiency tradeoffs confronting
policy makers and policy analysts who rely on forest sector
projection models. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.forpol.2004.03.017},
Key = {fds267227}
}
@article{fds267210,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Seeing the forest for the fuel},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {155-179},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6618 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We demonstrate a new approach to understanding the role of
fuelwood in the rural household economy by applying insights
from travel cost modeling to author-compiled household
survey data and meso-scale environmental statistics from
Ruteng Park in Flores, Indonesia. We characterize Manggarai
farming households' fuelwood collection trips as inputs into
household production of the utility yielding service of
cooking and heating. The number of trips taken by households
depends on the shadow price of fuelwood collection or the
travel cost, which is endogenous. Econometric analyses using
truncated negative binomial regression models and correcting
for endogeneity show that the Manggarai are 'economically
rational' about fuelwood collection and access to the
forests for fuelwood makes substantial contributions to
household welfare. Increasing cost of forest access, wealth,
use of alternative fuels, ownership of kerosene stoves,
trees on farm, park staff activity, primary schools and
roads, and overall development could all reduce dependence
on collecting fuelwood from forests. © 2004 Cambridge
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1355770x03001220},
Key = {fds267210}
}
@article{fds323430,
Author = {Pande, K and Pattanayak, SK and Subbarao, KV and Navaneethakrishnan,
P and Venkatesan, TR},
Title = {40Ar-39Ar age of a lava flow from the
Bhimashankar Formation, Giravali Ghat, Deccan
Traps},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Earth and
Planetary Sciences},
Volume = {113},
Number = {4},
Pages = {755-758},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02704034},
Abstract = {We report here a 40Ar-39Ar age of 66.0 ± 0.9 Ma (2σ) for a
reversely magnetised tholeiitic lava flow from the
Bhimashankar Formation (Fm.), Giravali Ghat, western Deccan
province, India. This age is consistent with the view that
the 1.8-2 km thick bottom part of the exposed basalt flow
sequence in the Western Ghats was extruded very close to
67.4 Ma. © Printed in India.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02704034},
Key = {fds323430}
}
@article{fds147606,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K.},
Title = {Forest amenities and aesthetics: An econometric evaluation
using North Carolina FIA data},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147606}
}
@misc{fds147634,
Author = {Sills, E. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Reflections on West Africa},
Journal = {Sylvanet},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147634}
}
@misc{fds147364,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and B. M. Depro},
Title = {Environmental Services from Agroforestry: Economics of Soil
and Water Conservation in Manggarai, Indonesia},
Pages = {165-182},
Booktitle = {Valuing Agroforestry Systems: Methods and
Applications},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {J. Alavalapati and E. Mercer},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147364}
}
@article{fds147604,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. K. and J-C. Yang and B. C. Murray and R. C. Abt and B. M.
Depro and B. Sohngen},
Title = {Climate impacts on forest land values: A Ricardian
Analysis},
Journal = {Working paper. RTI International},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147604}
}
@article{fds147605,
Author = {Van Houtven and G., S.K. Pattanayak and V. Kerry
Smith},
Title = {Benefit Transfer Functions for Avoided Morbidity: A
Preference Calibration Approach},
Journal = {National Center for Environmental Economics Working Paper
04_04},
Pages = {24 pages},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147605}
}
@article{fds147614,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and E. O. Sills and D. Whittington},
Title = {Water supply coverage and cost recovery in Kathmandu:
Understanding the role of time preferences and credit
constraints},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds147614}
}
@article{fds267179,
Author = {Pande, K and Pattanayak, SK and Subbarao, KV and Navaneethakrishnan,
P and Venkatesan, TR},
Title = {40Ar-39Ar age of a lava flow from the
Bhimashankar Formation, Giravali Ghat, Deccan
Traps},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Earth and
Planetary Sciences},
Volume = {113},
Number = {4},
Pages = {755-758},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {We report here a 40Ar-39Ar age of 66.0 ± 0.9 Ma (2σ) for a
reversely magnetised tholeiitic lava flow from the
Bhimashankar Formation (Fm.), Giravali Ghat, western Deccan
province, India. This age is consistent with the view that
the 1.8-2 km thick bottom part of the exposed basalt flow
sequence in the Western Ghats was extruded very close to
67.4 Ma. © Printed in India.},
Key = {fds267179}
}
@article{fds147609,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. K},
Title = {Rough guide to econometrics of binary choice
models},
Journal = {Submitted to the USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Research
Station},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds147609}
}
@article{fds267223,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Mercer, DE and Sills, E and Yang,
JC},
Title = {Taking stock of agroforestry adoption studies},
Journal = {Agroforestry Systems},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {173-186},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024809108210},
Abstract = {In light of the large number of empirical studies of
agroforestry adoption published during the last decade, we
believe it is time to take stock and identify general
determinants of agroforestry adoption. In reviewing 120
articles on adoption of agricultural and forestry technology
by small holders, we find five categories of factors that
explain technology adoption within an economic framework:
preferences, resource endowments, market incentives,
biophysical factors, and risk and uncertainty. By selecting
only empirical analyses that focus on agroforestry and
related investments, we narrow our list down to 32 studies
primarily from tropical areas. We apply vote-counting based
meta-analysis to these studies and evaluate the inclusion
and significance of the five adoption factors. Our analysis
shows that preferences and resource endowments are the
factors most often included in studies. However, adoption
behavior is most likely to be significantly influenced by
risk, biophysical, and resource factors. In our conclusion,
we discuss specific recommendations for the next generation
of adoption studies and meta-analyses that include
considering a fuller menu of variables, reporting key
statistics and marginal probabilities, and conducting
weighted meta-regressions.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1024809108210},
Key = {fds267223}
}
@article{fds267226,
Author = {Smith, VK and Pattanayak, SK and Van Houtven and GL},
Title = {VSL reconsidered: What do labor supply estimates reveal
about risk preferences?},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-153},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(03)00081-8},
Abstract = {We propose and illustrate a theoretically consistent
framework for linking estimates of the value of a
statistical life (VSL) to individual preferences. Our
example suggests a method for using estimates of the labor
supply elasticity to impute a VSL estimate. © 2003 Elsevier
Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0165-1765(03)00081-8},
Key = {fds267226}
}
@article{fds304214,
Author = {Snider, AG and Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Schuler,
JL},
Title = {Policy innovations for private forest management and
conservation in Costa Rica},
Journal = {Journal of Forestry},
Volume = {101},
Number = {5},
Pages = {18-23},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Costa Rica is a leader in innovative forest conservation and
management policies, including a program of direct payments
to private forest landowners for environment services. This
approach is widely advocated but rarely implemented, and
thus the Costa Rican experience constitutes a valuable
real-world policy experiment. We discuss the motivation for
this program, its domestic and international funding
sources, and the structure of contracts with landowners. The
successes and challenges facing the Costa Rican program
offer insights for other countries-both developed and
developing-regarding policies for private forest
management.},
Key = {fds304214}
}
@article{fds267178,
Author = {Ray, JS and Pande, K and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Evolution of the amba dongar carbonatite complex:
Constraints from 40Ar-39Ar
chronologies of the inner basalt and an alkaline
plug},
Journal = {International Geology Review},
Volume = {45},
Number = {9},
Pages = {857-862},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.45.9.857},
Abstract = {The Amba Dongar carbonatite-alkaline complex is one of
several alkaline complexes present within the Chhota Udaipur
subprovince of the Deccan flood basalt province, western
India. Despite previous geochronological studies, the
evolutionary history of this complex had remained uncertain
due to lack of precise age data for the tholeiitic basalts
that are exposed within and outside the ring dike of the
complex. Also, ages of many alkaline plugs of the
subprovince had remained unknown. Here we report results of
40Ar-39Ar dating of the basalt exposed inside the ring dike
at Amba Dongar and phonolite from an alkaline plug located
at Tawa at the northernmost edge of the subprovince; the
analyses yield plateau ages of 68.5 ± 0.9 and 65.2 ± 0.7
Ma, respectively. These results not only suggest that the
basalts present inside the Amba Dongar complex predate the
complex itself, but also confirm the earlier view that all
the alkaline activity in the Chhota Udaipur subprovince was
contemporaneous. This in turn has significant implications
for the contributions of CO2 and SO2 into the atmosphere at
the time of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events. © 2003
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.2747/0020-6814.45.9.857},
Key = {fds267178}
}
@misc{fds147635,
Author = {Foster, V. and S.K. Pattanayak and L.S. Prokopy},
Title = {Do Current Subsidies Reach the Poor?},
Booktitle = {Water Subsidies and Tariffs in South Asia (Paper
4)},
Publisher = {Washington DC: The Public Private Infrastructure Advisory
Facility, The World Bank},
Editor = {C. Brocklehurst},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147635}
}
@misc{fds147636,
Author = {Foster, V. and S.K. Pattanayak and L.S. Prokopy},
Title = {Can Subsidies be Better Targeted?},
Booktitle = {Water Subsidies and Tariffs in South Asia (Paper
5)},
Publisher = {Washington DC: The Public Private Infrastructure Advisory
Facility, The World Bank},
Editor = {C. Brocklehurst},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147636}
}
@misc{fds147371,
Author = {Wear, D. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Aggregate Timber Supply: From the Forests to the
Market},
Series = {Forestry Sciences Series, Volume 72.},
Pages = {117-132},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147371}
}
@misc{fds147372,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. and K. Abt and T. Holmes},
Title = {Timber and Amenities on Non-Industrial Private
Lands},
Series = {Forestry Sciences Series, Volume 72.},
Pages = {243-258},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147372}
}
@misc{fds147373,
Author = {Sills, E. and S. Lele and T. Holmes and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Non-timber Forest Products in the Rural Household
Economy},
Series = {Forestry Sciences Series, Volume 72.},
Pages = {259-282},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147373}
}
@misc{fds147486,
Author = {Mercer, E. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Agroforestry Adoption by Smallholders},
Series = {Forestry Sciences Series, Volume 72.},
Pages = {283-299},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147486}
}
@misc{fds147487,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. and D. Butry},
Title = {Forest Ecosystem Services as Production Inputs},
Series = {Forestry Sciences Series, Volume 72.},
Pages = {361-379},
Booktitle = {Forests in a Market Economy},
Publisher = {Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {E. Sills and K. Abt},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147487}
}
@article{fds147607,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and V.K. Smith and G. Van Houtven},
Title = {Valuing Environmental Health Risks: From Preference
Calibration to Estimation},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper 03_04},
Address = {Research Triangle Park, North Carolina},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147607}
}
@article{fds147615,
Author = {Sills, E.O. and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Markets, modernization and the Mentawai: Explaining
differences in forest dependence},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds147615}
}
@article{fds267224,
Author = {Snider, A and Pattanayak, SK and Sills, E and Schuler,
J},
Title = {Policy Innovations for Private Forest Management and
Conservation in Costa Rica},
Journal = {Journal of Forestry},
Volume = {101},
Number = {4},
Pages = {18-23},
Year = {2003},
Abstract = {Costa Rica is a leader in innovative forest conservation and
management policies, including a program of direct payments
to private forest landowners for environment services. This
approach is widely advocated but rarely implemented, and
thus the Costa Rican experience constitutes a valuable
real-world policy experiment. We discuss the motivation for
this program, its domestic and international funding
sources, and the structure of contracts with landowners. The
successes and challenges facing the Costa Rican program
offer insights for other countries-both developed and
developing-regarding policies for private forest
management.},
Key = {fds267224}
}
@article{fds267225,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO and Mehta, AD and Kramer,
RA},
Title = {Local Uses of Parks: Uncovering Patterns of Household
Production from Forests of Siberut, Indonesia},
Journal = {Conservation and Society},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-222},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6465 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267225}
}
@article{fds267196,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Murray, BC and Abt, RC},
Title = {How joint is joint forest production? An econometric
analysis of timber supply conditional on endogenous amenity
values},
Journal = {Forest Science},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {479-491},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {In search of ways to enhance and sustain the flow of
services from forests, policy makers in the public and
private sectors look to forest sector models to project
future forest uses. A major shortcoming of these models is a
timber supply specification that inadequately accounts for
suppliers choosing the structure of their forest capital to
self-produce nontimber amenities. This inadequate
characterization of resource use, if significant, can impede
the development of sound forest policy, particularly in
settings where forest owners possess diverse preferences for
forest amenities. In this article, we develop and estimate a
timber supply model that is consistent with the idea of
joint self-production of timber and nontimber amenities,
such that timber supply is a function of an endogenous
distribution of forest inventory that correlates to
ownership and management characteristics. Using data for the
U.S. South and three-stage least squares procedures, we
confirm that timber and nontimber amenities are jointly
produced by private forest owners. We also note that owner
and management characteristics influence joint production
decisions. We believe that the parameters estimated through
such an integrated empirical exercise could critically
improve forest sector forecasting models and the related
forest policy analyses.},
Key = {fds267196}
}
@article{fds304213,
Author = {Cassingham, KM and Sills, EO and Pattanayak, SK and Mansfield,
CA},
Title = {North Carolina's natural heritage program: A case for
public-private cooperation},
Journal = {Journal of Forestry},
Volume = {100},
Number = {5},
Pages = {16-23},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0022-1201},
Abstract = {Voluntary conservation programs are an effective tool for
recognizing and preserving the value of special places on
private forestlands. We evaluate private landowner
participation in the Natural Heritage Program of North
Carolina, finding that landowners are more likely to enroll
land with high ecological significance in this voluntary
program. Voluntary conservation is less likely on lands that
are remote from threats such as roads, that have higher
value in other uses, and that are near lands already
conserved by the public.},
Key = {fds304213}
}
@article{fds267217,
Author = {Smith, VK and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Is meta-analysis a Noah's Ark for non-market
valuation?},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {271-296},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015567316109},
Abstract = {This paper describes meta-analytical methods as they have
been applied to non-market valuation research. These studies
have been used to review and synthesize literature and, more
recently, in benefit transfer. This second use imposes a
higher standard on the consistency in economic concepts
being summarized and in the resources included in a
meta-analysis. To meet this need, the paper proposes and
illustrates a structural framework using a generalized
method of moments estimator to estimate the parameters of a
preference function with the benefits estimates usually
encountered in meta-analytic summaries.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1015567316109},
Key = {fds267217}
}
@article{fds267219,
Author = {Whittington, D and Matsui-Santana, O and Freiberger, JJ and Van
Houtven, G and Pattanayak, S},
Title = {Private demand for a HIV/AIDS vaccine: evidence from
Guadalajara, Mexico.},
Journal = {Vaccine},
Volume = {20},
Number = {19-20},
Pages = {2585-2591},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0264-410X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12057616},
Abstract = {The private demand for a hypothetical vaccine that would
provide lifetime protection against HIV/AIDS to an
uninfected adult was measured in Guadalajara, Mexico, using
the concept of willingness to pay (WTP). A 91-question
survey instrument was administered by trained enumerators
employing contingent valuation techniques to 234 adults,
aged 18-60. Our estimates of private demand indicate that
individuals anticipate sizable personal benefits from such a
vaccine, and that they would be willing to allocate a
substantial portion of their income to be protected in this
way from HIV infection. A conservative estimate of the mean
WTP of adults in the Guadalajara sample is 6358 pesos (669
US dollars) and the median is 3000 pesos (316 US dollars). A
multivariate statistical analysis of the determinants of
individuals' WTP shows that individuals with higher incomes,
with spouses or partners, and with higher perceived risks of
becoming infected with HIV are willing to pay more for the
vaccine. Older respondents are willing to pay less. These
results suggest that there is likely to be a potentially
large private market for a HIV/AIDS vaccine in the
middle-income developing countries such as Mexico. These
findings have important implications both for the level of
R&D effort that is devoted to a vaccine and, assuming these
efforts are successful, for future policies to make the
vaccine available to the public.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00152-4},
Key = {fds267219}
}
@article{fds267221,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Mercer, DE},
Title = {Indexing soil conservation: Farmer Perceptions of
Agroforestry Benefits},
Journal = {Journal of Sustainable Forestry},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {63-85},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1054-9811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J091v15n02_03},
Abstract = {Soil erosion poses economic and environmental concerns in
many tropical uplands. Agroforestry has been proposed as a
sustainable land use that can mitigate soil erosion and
promote the economic welfare of small farmers. To evaluate
such claims, we must (a) develop a composite measure of
effectiveness, such as a soil conservation index, and (b)
define it in terms understood by the farmers who ultimately
choose to adopt and implement agroforestry. We construct an
empirical soil conservation index as a weighted average of
farmer perceptions of four soil attributes and develop a
statistical model of soil conservation benefits of
agroforestry by using survey data from the Philippines.
Accounting for self-selection bias, we evaluate the soil
conservation benefits by testing the correlation between the
index and the level of agroforestry adoption. Our estimated
model shows that agroforestry can generate 15-20 percent
soil conservation for the typical small farmer. We offer
several methodological, practical, and policy insights.
Because many farmers in developing countries face
informational and capital constraints, our study suggests
that public policies should support smallholder
agroforestry, a type of “natural investment” in soil
capital, to generate private and public benefits. © 2002
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1300/J091v15n02_03},
Key = {fds267221}
}
@article{fds267201,
Author = {Shrivastava, JP and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Basalts of the Eastern Deccan Volcanic Province,
India},
Journal = {Gondwana Research},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {649-665},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1342-937X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70636-5},
Abstract = {The Mandla lobe in the eastern part of the Deccan volcanic
province represents an isolated lava pile having a thickness
of-900 m.The large thickness of this lava pile and its
spatial detachment from the western Deccan outcrop points to
a plausible second source. The stratigraphic configuration
of the central and eastern Deccan lava sequences and their
possible stratigraphic correlation are primarily based on
geology and chemical signatures of the lava flows. Based on
variations in the incompatible element ratios, the lava
sequences of Chindwara, Jabalpur-Seoni and Jabalpur-Piparia
sections were classified into four informal formations
showing similarity with the southwestern formations. Major
and trace element abundances in fifteen lava flows of
Jabalpur area are similar to that of the southwestern Deccan
lava flows. It has been found that the Ambenali Fm. and a
few Khandala and Bushe Fm. flows are present in the
northeastern Deccan. The regional mapping and detailed
petrographic studies coupled with the lateral tracing have
enabled the recognition of thirty-seven physically distinct
lava flows and is justified by their major-elemental
chemistry. The 'intraflow variations' studied in some of the
flows is very low for most of the major oxides. These
thirty-seven lava flows are grouped into eight chemical
types. The order of superposition in this sequence reflects
that the older flows occur in the west of the outlier at the
Seoni-Jabalpur-Sahapura sector whereas, the younger flows
are confined to the Dindori-Amarkantak sector in the east.
The spatial disposition of the lava flows suggests that the
structural complexity in the lava flow sequence in the
Mandla lobe lies between Jabalpur and Dindori. The
juxtaposition of distinct groups of lava flows are observed
near Deori (flows 1 to 4 abeted aginst flows 5 to 14) and
Dindori areas. At Dindon and towards its south the distinct
lava packages (flows 15 to 27 and flows 28 to 37) are
juxtaposed along the course of Narmada river. The possible
explanation for this could be the presence of four
post-Deccan faults at Nagapahar, Kundam, Deori and Dindori
areas. The vertical shift of chemically distinct lava
packages at different sectors in the outlier contravenes the
idea of small regional dip and favours the presence of four
NE-SW trending post-Deccan faults. Major geochemical breaks,
when traced out from section to section, exhibit shifting in
heights by approximately 150 m near Nagapahar and 300 m near
Deori and Dindori areas. The field, petrographic and
major-oxide data sets considered in conjuction with the
magnetic chron reversal heights, support the inference that
four faults trending NE-SW are present in the Mandla lobe. A
commonality in the mineralo-chemical attributes of the infra
(Lametas)-/inter-trappean as well as weathered Deccan basalt
further favours their derivation from Deccan basalt,
implying the availability of Deccan basalt during the
Maastrichtian Lameta sedimentation. This observation does
not match with the models suggesting an extremely short
duration of Deccan volcanism (<0.5 Ma) at the KTB, but is
congruent with the models advocating a more prolonged Deccan
volcanism.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70636-5},
Key = {fds267201}
}
@article{fds267216,
Author = {Smith, VK and Van Houtven and G and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Benefit transfer via preference calibration: "Prudential
Algebra" for policy},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {1},
Pages = {132-152},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146928},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a new approach to benefit transfer. The
method assumes a specific form for preferences and uses
available benefit information to identify and calibrate the
preference parameters to match the existing benefit
estimates. This approach assures economic consistency of the
transfers. Benefit measures can never be inconsistent with
household income. The logic also offers a series of
potentially observable "predictions" that can be used to
gauge the plausibility of benefit transfers. When multiple
benefit estimates from different methods are available such
as hedonic property value, travel cost demand, and
contingent valuation, the framework uses the definition of
the benefit concept from each method in a single preference
function to reconcile differences. It provides a specific
way to take account of baseline conditions and scope effects
(i.e., the size of the proposed change) consistently in the
transfer. The method is illustrated using estimates for
benefit measure changes in water quality from three studies:
travel cost demand, hedonic property value, and contingent
valuation analysis.},
Doi = {10.2307/3146928},
Key = {fds267216}
}
@article{fds304212,
Author = {Whittington, D and Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and Kumar,
KCB},
Title = {Household demand for improved piped water services: Evidence
from Kathmandu, Nepal},
Journal = {Water Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {6},
Pages = {531-556},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1366-7017(02)00040-5},
Abstract = {We examine households' demand for improved water services in
Kathmandu, Nepal, where the government is considering the
possibility of involving the private sector in the operation
of municipal water supply services. We surveyed a randomly
selected sample of 1500 households in the Kathmandu Valley
and asked respondents questions in in-person interviews
about how they would vote if given the choice between their
existing water supply situation and an improved water
service provided by a private operator. The results provide
the first evidence from South Asia that households'
willingness to pay for improved water services is much
higher than their current water bills. We find substantial
public support among both poor and nonpoor households for a
privatization plan that would improve water supply and
require all participants to pay regular and higher monthly
bills. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1366-7017(02)00040-5},
Key = {fds304212}
}
@misc{fds147495,
Author = {Cassingham, K. and E. Sills and S. K. Pattanayak and C.
Mansfield},
Title = {Spatial Assessment of a Voluntary Forest Conservation
Program in North Carolina},
Pages = {129-141},
Booktitle = {Forest Policy for Private Forestry: Global and Regional
Challenges},
Publisher = {Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing},
Editor = {L. Teeter and B. Cashore and D. Zhang},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds147495}
}
@misc{fds147637,
Author = {Schuler, J. and S.K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Costa Rica’s Innovative Conservation Initiatives: A View
from a Bus},
Journal = {Sylvanet},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {10-13},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds147637}
}
@article{fds267218,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Murray, BC and Abt, R},
Title = {How Joint in Joint Forest Production: An Econometric
Analysis of Timber Supply Conditional on Endogenous Amenity
Values},
Journal = {Forest Science},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {479-491},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds267218}
}
@article{fds267220,
Author = {Cassingham, K and Sills, E and Pattanayak, SK and Mansfield,
C},
Title = {North Carolina’s Natural Heritage: A Case for
Public-Private Cooperation},
Journal = {Journal of Forestry},
Volume = {100},
Number = {4},
Pages = {16-23},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0022-1201},
Abstract = {Voluntary conservation programs are an effective tool for
recognizing and preserving the value of special places on
private forestlands. We evaluate private landowner
participation in the Natural Heritage Program of North
Carolina, finding that landowners are more likely to enroll
land with high ecological significance in this voluntary
program. Voluntary conservation is less likely on lands that
are remote from threats such as roads, that have higher
value in other uses, and that are near lands already
conserved by the public.},
Key = {fds267220}
}
@article{fds267222,
Author = {Whittington, and D, and Pattanayak, SK and Yang, JC and C,
BKK},
Title = {Do Households Want Improved Piped Water Services? Evidence
from Nepal},
Journal = {Water Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {6},
Pages = {531-556},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1366-7017(02)00040-5},
Abstract = {We examine households' demand for improved water services in
Kathmandu, Nepal, where the government is considering the
possibility of involving the private sector in the operation
of municipal water supply services. We surveyed a randomly
selected sample of 1500 households in the Kathmandu Valley
and asked respondents questions in in-person interviews
about how they would vote if given the choice between their
existing water supply situation and an improved water
service provided by a private operator. The results provide
the first evidence from South Asia that households'
willingness to pay for improved water services is much
higher than their current water bills. We find substantial
public support among both poor and nonpoor households for a
privatization plan that would improve water supply and
require all participants to pay regular and higher monthly
bills. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1366-7017(02)00040-5},
Key = {fds267222}
}
@article{fds267213,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Worth of watersheds: A producer surplus approach for valuing
drought mitigation in Eastern Indonesia},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-146},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6747 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study combines hydrological modeling with applied
micro-econometric techniques to value a complex ecosystem
service: drought mitigation provided by tropical forested
watersheds to agrarian communities. Spatial variation in
current base-flow allows estimation of drought mitigation
values as the marginal profit accruing to agricultural
households. The paper shows that this uncommon focus on
producer (not consumer) surplus measures is appropriate for
valuation as long as markets for commodities related to the
environmental services are complete. For the typical
household, the estimated marginal profit is positive,
validating the central hypothesis that baseflow makes
positive contributions to agricultural profits. There is
some evidence, however, that increased watershed protection
will increase profits through greater baseflow only in
watersheds with a unique mix of physio-graphic and climatic
features. The paper evaluates and provides some support for
the hypothesis, put forward by hydrological science and the
Indonesian Government, that protected watersheds can supply
latent and unrecognized ecosystem services to local
people.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X01000079},
Key = {fds267213}
}
@article{fds267174,
Author = {Shrivastava, JP and Pattanayak, SK and Singh, C},
Title = {Gold grains in Fe-rich tholeiitic lava flows from
amarkantakin the Eastern Deccan volcanic province,
India},
Journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of India},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {455-458},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Disseminated microscopic gold grains, measuring 8-12 microns
across and possessing a fineness of 950 to 960 have been
observed in the quartz normative tholeiitic lava flows from
the Amarkantak region of the Eastern Deccan Volcanic
Province. High temperature of equilibration (1060-1470°C)
and very low oxygen fugacity (<5) as determined from the
co-existing ulvospinel-magnetite and ilmenite-hAematite
pairs are proposed to be the controlling factors for the
occurrence of gold in these volcanics.},
Key = {fds267174}
}
@article{fds267215,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Sills, EO},
Title = {Do tropical forests provide natural insurance? The
microeconomics of non-timber forest product collection in
the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {595-612},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146943},
Abstract = {Tropical forests may contribute to the well-being of local
people by providing a form of "natural insurance." We draw
on microeconomic theory to conceptualize a model relating
agricultural risks to collection of non-timber forest
products. Forest collection trips are positively correlated
with both agricultural shocks and expected agricultural
risks in an event-count model of survey data from the
Brazilian Amazon. This suggests that households rely on
forests to mitigate agricultural risk. Forest product
collection may be less important to households with other
consumption-smoothing options, but its importance is not
restricted to the poorest households. (JEL
Q23).},
Doi = {10.2307/3146943},
Key = {fds267215}
}
@misc{fds147638,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. K},
Title = {Forest Dependence: Orissa, India as a Natural
Laboratory},
Journal = {Sylvanet},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-5},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds147638}
}
@article{fds147610,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. K},
Title = {How Green are these Valleys?},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper 01_02},
Address = {Research Triangle Park, North Carolina},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds147610}
}
@article{fds147611,
Author = {Butry, D. and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Economic Welfare Impacts of Tropical Forest Conservation:
The Case of Ruteng Park and Logger Households},
Journal = {RTI Working Paper 01_01},
Address = {Research Triangle Park, North Carolina},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds147611}
}
@article{fds267214,
Author = {Pattanayak, S and Kramer, R},
Title = {Pricing Ecological Services: Willingness to Pay for Drought
Control Services in Indonesia},
Journal = {Water Resources Research},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {771-778},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6746 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In this study we estimate local economic values of
ecological services provided by protected forest watersheds
in Ruteng Park in eastern Indonesia. Our use of contingent
valuation (CV) methodology for pricing drought mitigation
benefits to local farmers extends previous work by deriving
measures of willingness to pay in terms of incremental
agricultural profits. On the basis of the theoretical and
content validity of estimated models we find that CV can be
used to value complex ecological services in a rural
developing country setting. The estimated parameters provide
policy and management information regarding the economic
magnitude and spatial distribution of the value of drought
mitigation.},
Doi = {10.1029/2000WR900320},
Key = {fds267214}
}
@article{fds267173,
Author = {Shrivastava, JP and Salil, MS and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Clay mineralogy of Ir-bearing Anjar intertrappeans, Kutch,
Gujarat, India: Inferences on palaeoenvironment},
Journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of India},
Volume = {55},
Number = {2},
Pages = {197-206},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Clay mineral studies on the K/T boundary succession at
Anjar, Kutch show smectite, sepiolite and palygorskite as
its major clay mineral assemblage. There is a distinct
variation in the clay mineralogy across the section with
sepiolite and palygorskite dominating the lower and upper
lithounits, respectively, in association with smectite. The
KTB layer, marked by the Ir (1271 pg/g) and Os (1414 pg/g)
anomaly contain sepiolite and smectite in subequal
proportions. The clay stratigraphy of the succession
reflects progressive increase in aridity and basicity in the
depositional environment during the deposition of Anjar KTB
sediments. It appears that the sepiolite-palygorskite-smectite
complexes in the sediments were developed in a lacustrine or
peri-marine environment of high basicity under arid
conditions induced and influenced by Deccan volcanism. In
this environment, the Si, Mg and Al ions necessary for the
formation of sepiolite and palygorskite could be supplied by
the hydrothermal fluids associated with volcanism by the
dissociation of silicates already available in the
depositional environment or simultaneously by both the
processes. Clay mineral associations in the Ir-bearing Anjar
intertrappean sediments across its lithounits are more
compatible with the depositional environment influenced by
the volcanism, than an asteroidal impact. In the upper part
of the succession, the prdominance of palygorskite and
smectite suggests that the latter contributed the necessary
Al, Si and Mg ions to result the former. The REE signatures
indicate that sepiolite-smectite is most likely the carrier
phase of Ir in Anjar intertrappeans.},
Key = {fds267173}
}
@article{fds267172,
Author = {Shrivastava, JP and Pattanayak, SK and Giridhar, M and Chouhan, PKS and Mohanty, WK},
Title = {Petrochemical studies on the epicentral region of the recent
Jabalpur earthquake},
Journal = {Current Science},
Volume = {77},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1100-1104},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {We report presence of five physically distinct and
chemically dissimilar basaltic lava flows in the Kosamghat,
the epicentral region of the Jabalpur earthquake. The major
shift (∼ 150 m) in the stratigraphic height of the fifth
lava flow at the western flank of the Nagapahar range
suggests the presence of a NE-SW trending post-Deccan normal
fault in the region.},
Key = {fds267172}
}
@article{fds147612,
Author = {Pattanayak, S. K. and G. Van Houtven},
Title = {Measuring Benefits of the Safe Drinking Water Act: A
Framework for Combining Contingent Valuation and Averting
Behavior Data},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds147612}
}
@article{fds267212,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Mercer, E},
Title = {Valuing Soil Conservation Benefits of Agroforestry
Practices: Contour Hedgerows in the Eastern Visayas,
Philippines},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-46},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5150(97)00037-6},
Abstract = {Trees can be considered as investments made by economic
agents to prevent depreciation of natural assets such as
stocks of top soil and water. In agroforestry systems
farmers use trees in this manner by deliberately combining
them with agricultural crops on the same unit of land.
Although advocates of agroforestry have asserted that soil
conservation is one of its primary benefits, empirical
estimates of these benefits have been lacking due to
temporal and spatial complexity of agroforestry systems and
the nonmarket aspect of soil capital assets. This study
designs and applies a bio-economic framework for valuing the
soil conservation benefits of agroforestry. The framework is
tested with econometric analysis of data from surveys of
households in Eastern Visayas, Philippines, where
USAID/Government of Philippines introduced contour hedgerow
agroforestry in 1983. By constructing a weighted soil
quality index that also incorporates measures of soil
fertility, texture and color in addition to erosion, we
extend previous economic studies of soil resources. This
index is regressed on a variety of farming and site specific
bio-physical variables. Next, we use a Cobb-Douglas profit
function to directly relate agricultural profits and soil
quality. Thus, the value of soil conservation is measured as
a quasirent differential or the share of producer surplus
associated with a change in soil quality. Because this
framework assumes the existence of markets, the assumption
is tested by analysing the statistical significance of
consumption side variables, e.g., number of household
members, on production side variables, e.g., profits.
Instrumental variables are used to handle the endogeneity of
the soil index in the profit equation. Seemingly unrelated
regression (SUR) analysis is used to accommodate correlation
of errors across the soil and profit equations. Regression
results reveal the importance of agroforestry intensity,
private ownership, land fragmentation, and familiarity with
soil conservation as positive covariates of soil quality.
Analysis of production dam indicate the importance of market
prices, education, farming experience, farm size,
topography, and soil quality as positive covariates of
household profits. Investments in agroforestry to improve or
maintain soil capital can increased annual agricultural
profits by US$53 for the typical household, which is 6% of
total income. However, there are significant up-front costs.
Given that small farmers in tropical uplands are important
players in the management of deteriorating soil and forest
resources, policy makers may want to consider supporting
farmers in the early years of agroforestry
adoption.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0169-5150(97)00037-6},
Key = {fds267212}
}
@article{fds267171,
Author = {Salil, MS and Shrivastava, JP and Pattanayak, SK},
Title = {Similarities in the mineralogical and geochemical attributes
of detrital clays of Maastrichtian Lameta Beds and weathered
Deccan basalt, Central India},
Journal = {Chemical Geology},
Volume = {136},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {25-32},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0009-2541},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00128-3},
Abstract = {Mineralo-chemical attributes of the Maastrichtian (Late
Cretaceous) Lameta sediments, intimately associated with the
Deccan Traps in Central India, provide insight into the
initiation of Deccan volcanism. X-ray diffraction studies on
the detrital clays of the Lametas and weathered Deccan
basalt show identical mineral assemblages with the dominance
of smectite and subordinate kaolinite, illite. IR spectra
are also indicative of their common mineralogical
attributes. Structural formulae of the smectites in Lameta
exhibit high octahedral Mg and Fe. The immobile
trace-element concentrations in Lameta clays resemble those
in weathered Deccan basalt. REE plots of the Lametas are
subparellel with that of weathered Deccan basalt and show
negative Ce anomalies documented in basalt weathering. These
findings suggest that smectite-rich clays of the Lametas are
derivatives of the Deccan basalt, implying early activities
of Deccan volcanism either during or just prior to the
Maastrichtian Lameta sedimentation.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00128-3},
Key = {fds267171}
}
@article{fds304218,
Author = {Kramer, RA and Richter, DD and Pattanayak, S and Sharma,
NP},
Title = {Ecological and economic analysis of watershed protection in
Eastern Madagascar},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-295},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Abstract = {Watershed protection is one of the many goods and services
provided by the world's fast disappearing tropical forests.
Among the variety of watershed protection benefits, flood
damage alleviation is crucial, particularly in upland
watersheds. This study is a rare attempt to estimate
flooding alleviation benefits, resulting from the protection
of upland forests in Eastern Madagascar. A three stage model
is used to examine the relationship between the economic
concept of value and the bio-physical dimensions of the
protected area. This approach combines techniques from
remote sensing, soil and hydrologic sciences and economics.
In stage one, the relationship between changes in land use
practices and the extent of flooding in immediate downstream
is established by using remotely sensed and
hydrologic-runoff data. Stage two relates the impact of
increased flooding to crop production by comparing the
hydrologic data with the agronomic flood damage reports for
the same time period. In stage three, a productivity
analysis approach is adopted to evaluate flood damage in
terms of lost producer surplus. The presence of the Mantadia
National Park, in eastern Madagascar, is designed to prevent
land conversions and changes in hydrologic patterns, thereby
alleviating flood damage. This averted flood damage is a
measure of the watershed protection benefits to society.
Given that natural systems are subject to considerable
stochastic shocks, sensitivity analysis is used to examine
the uncertainty associated with the key random variables.
The results of this analysis should help policy makers
assess trade-offs between the costs and benefits of
protecting tropical rainforest.},
Doi = {10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Key = {fds304218}
}
@article{fds267211,
Author = {Kramer, R and Richter, D and Pattanayak, SK and Sharma,
N},
Title = {Economic and Ecological Analysis of Watershed Protection in
Eastern Madagascar},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-295},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Abstract = {Watershed protection is one of the many goods and services
provided by the world's fast disappearing tropical forests.
Among the variety of watershed protection benefits, flood
damage alleviation is crucial, particularly in upland
watersheds. This study is a rare attempt to estimate
flooding alleviation benefits, resulting from the protection
of upland forests in Eastern Madagascar. A three stage model
is used to examine the relationship between the economic
concept of value and the bio-physical dimensions of the
protected area. This approach combines techniques from
remote sensing, soil and hydrologic sciences and economics.
In stage one, the relationship between changes in land use
practices and the extent of flooding in immediate downstream
is established by using remotely sensed and
hydrologic-runoff data. Stage two relates the impact of
increased flooding to crop production by comparing the
hydrologic data with the agronomic flood damage reports for
the same time period. In stage three, a productivity
analysis approach is adopted to evaluate flood damage in
terms of lost producer surplus. The presence of the Mantadia
National Park, in eastern Madagascar, is designed to prevent
land conversions and changes in hydrologic patterns, thereby
alleviating flood damage. This averted flood damage is a
measure of the watershed protection benefits to society.
Given that natural systems are subject to considerable
stochastic shocks, sensitivity analysis is used to examine
the uncertainty associated with the key random variables.
The results of this analysis should help policy makers
assess trade-offs between the costs and benefits of
protecting tropical rainforest.},
Doi = {10.1006/jema.1995.0085},
Key = {fds267211}
}
@article{fds267170,
Author = {Salil, MS and Pattanayak, SK and Shrivastava, JP},
Title = {Composition of smectites in the Lameta sediments of central
India: Implications for the commencement of Deccan
volcanism},
Journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of India},
Volume = {47},
Number = {5},
Pages = {555-560},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {The studies on the structural formulae of smectites in the
Lameta sediments indicate that they are rich in octahedral
Fe, Mg and tetrahedral Al. Identical patterns of Mg, Fe and
Al abundances in the octahedral and tetrahedral layers
respectively, were also observed in the smectites of
intertrappean sediments and weathered Deccan Basalts. The
thermodynamic components and charge configurations of
smectites in the Lameta, intertrappean and Deccan Basalt
indicate that they fall within the compositional plane of
smectite solid solution. The compositional commonality of
smectite in the Lameta sediments with those in the
intertrappeans and weathered Deccan Basalt suggests,
Smectites in the Lameta sediments are derivatives of Deccan
volcanic products. This implies the commencement of Deccan
Volcanism during the Maastrichtian Lameta sedimentation or
prior to it.},
Key = {fds267170}
}
@article{fds147613,
Author = {Pattanayak, S.K. and D. Richter.},
Title = {Evaluating the Myth: Forests Can be Sponges and not Merely
Pumps},
Address = {Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University,
Durham},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds147613}
}
@misc{fds147639,
Author = {Kramer, R. and D. Richter and S. K. Pattanayak},
Title = {Spatial Dimensions of Environmental Impacts},
Series = {World Bank Environment Paper 13.},
Pages = {42-50},
Booktitle = {Valuing Tropical Forests—Methodology and Case Study of
Madagascar},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: The World Bank},
Editor = {R. Kramer and N. Sharma and M. Munasinghe},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds147639}
}
%% Patton, Andrew J.
@article{fds360107,
Author = {Menkveld, AJ and Dreber, A and Holzmeister, F and Huber, J and Johannesson, M and Kirchler, M and Razen, M and Weitzel, U and Abad, D and Abudy, MM and Adrian, T and Ait-Sahalia, Y and Akmansoy, O and Alcock,
J and Alexeev, V and Aloosh, A and Amato, L and Amaya, D and Angel, J and Bach, A and Baidoo, E and Bakalli, G and Barbon, A and Bashchenko, O and Bindra, PC and Bjonnes, GH and Black, J and Black, BS and Bohorquez, S and Bondarenko, O and Bos, CS and Bosch-Rosa, C and Bouri, E and Brownlees,
CT and Calamia, A and Cao, VN and Capelle-Blancard, G and Capera, L and Caporin, M and Carrion, A and Caskurlu, T and Chakrabarty, B and Chernov, M and Cheung, WM and Chincarini, LB and Chordia, T and Chow,
SC and Clapham, B and Colliard, J-E and Comerton-Forde, C and Curran, E and Dao, T and Dare, W and Davies, RJ and De Blasis and R and De Nard and G and Declerck, F and Deev, O and Degryse, H and Deku, S and Desagre, C and van
Dijk, MA and Dim, C and Dimpfl, T and Dong, Y and Drummond, P and Dudda,
TL and Dumitrescu, A and Dyakov, T and Dyhrberg, AH and Dzieliński, M and Eksi, A and El Kalak and I and ter Ellen, S and Eugster, N and Evans, MDD and Farrell, M and Félez-Viñas, E and Ferrara, G and FERROUHI, EM and Flori, A and Fluharty-Jaidee, J and Foley, S and Fong, KYL and Foucault,
T and Franus, T and Franzoni, FA and Frijns, B and Frömmel, M and Fu, S and Füllbrunn, S and Gan, B and Gehrig, T and Gerritsen, D and Gil-Bazo, J and Glosten, LR and Gomez, T and Gorbenko, A and Güçbilmez, U and Grammig,
J and Gregoire, V and Hagströmer, B and Hambuckers, J and Hapnes, E and Harris, JH and Harris, L and Hartmann, S and Hasse, J-B and Hautsch, N and He, X and Heath, D and Hediger, S and Hendershott, T and Hibbert, AM and Hjalmarsson, E and Hoelscher, SA and Hoffmann, P and Holden, CW and Horenstein, AR and Huang, W and Huang, D and Hurlin, C and Ivashchenko,
A and Iyer, SR and Jahanshahloo, H and Jalkh, N and Jones, CM and Jurkatis,
S and Jylha, P and Kaeck, A and Kaiser, G and Karam, A and Karmaziene, E and Kassner, B and Kaustia, M and Kazak, E and Kearney, F and van Kervel, V and Khan, S and Khomyn, M and Klein, T and Klein, O and Klos, A and Koetter, M and Krahnen, JP and Kolokolov, A and Korajczyk, RA and Kozhan, R and Kwan,
A and Lajaunie, Q and Lam, FYE and Lambert, M and Langlois, H and Lausen,
J and Lauter, T and Leippold, M and Levin, V and Li, Y and Li, MH and Liew,
CY and Lindner, T and Linton, OB and Liu, J and Liu, A and Llorente, G and Lof, M and Lohr, A and Longstaff, FA and Lopez-Lira, A and Mankad, S and Mano, N and Marchal, A and Martineau, C and Mazzola, F and Meloso, D and Mihet, R and Mohan, V and Moinas, S and Moore, D and Mu, L and Muravyev, D and Murphy, D and Neszveda, G and Neumeier, C and Nielsson, U and Nimalendran, M and Nolte, S and Norden, LL and O'Neill, P and Obaid, K and Ødegaard, BA and Östberg, P and Painter, M and Palan, S and Palit, I and Park, A and Pascual, R and Pasquariello, P and Pastor, L and Patel, V and Patton, AJ and Pearson, ND and Pelizzon, L and Pelster, M and Pérignon,
C and Pfiffer, C and Philip, R and Plíhal, T and Prakash, P and Press,
O-A and Prodromou, T and Putniņš, TJ and Raizada, G and Rakowski, DA and Ranaldo, A and Regis, L and Reitz, S and Renault, T and Renjie, RW and Renò, R and Riddiough, S and Rinne, K and Rintamäki, P and Riordan, R and Rittmannsberger, T and Rodríguez-Longarela, I and Rösch, D and Rognone, L and Roseman, B and Rosu, I and Roy, S and Rudolf, N and Rush, S and Rzayev, K and Rzeźnik, A and Sanford, A and Sankaran, H and Sarkar, A and Sarno, L and Scaillet, O and Scharnowski, S and Schenk-Hoppé, KR and Schertler, A and Schneider, M and Schroeder, F and Schuerhoff, N and Schuster, P and Schwarz, MA and Seasholes, MS and Seeger, N and Shachar,
O and Shkilko, A and Shui, J and Sikic, M and Simion, G and Smales, LA and Söderlind, P and Sojli, E and Sokolov, K and Spokeviciute, L and Stefanova, D and Subrahmanyam, MG and Neusüss, S and Szaszi, B and Talavera, O and Tang, Y and Taylor, N and Tham, WW and Theissen, E and Thimme, J and Tonks, I and Tran, H and Trapin, L and Trolle, AB and Valente, G and Van Ness and RA and Vasquez, A and Verousis, T and Verwijmeren, P and Vilhelmsson, A and Vilkov, G and Vladimirov, V and Vogel, S and Voigt, S and Wagner, W and Walther, T and Weiss, P and van der
Wel, M and Werner, IM and Westerholm, PJ and Westheide, C and Wipplinger, E and Wolf, M and Wolff, CCP and Wolk, L and Wong, W-K and Wrampelmeyer, J and Xia, S and Xiu, D and Xu, K and Xu, C and Yadav, PK and Yagüe, J and Yan, C and Yang, A and Yoo, W and Yu, W and Yu, S and Yueshen,
BZ and Yuferova, D and Zamojski, M and Zareei, A and Zeisberger, S and Zhang, SS and Zhang, X and Zhong, Z and Zhou, ZI and Zhou, C and Zhu, S and Zoican, M and Zwinkels, RCJ and Chen, J and Duevski, T and Gao, G and Gemayel, R and Gilder, D and Kuhle, P and Pagnotta, E and Pelli, M and Sönksen, J and Zhang, L and Ilczuk, K and Bogoev, D and Qian, Y and Wika, HC and Yu, Y and Zhao, L and Mi, M and Bao, L and Vaduva, A and Prokopczuk, M and Avetikian, A and Wu, Z-X},
Title = {Non-Standard Errors},
Number = {2021},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds360107}
}
@article{fds356525,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, BM},
Title = {Testing for Unobserved Heterogeneity via k-means
Clustering},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {737-751},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2022.2061983},
Abstract = {Clustering methods such as k-means have found widespread use
in a variety of applications. This article proposes a
split-sample testing procedure to determine whether a null
hypothesis of a single cluster, indicating homogeneity of
the data, can be rejected in favor of multiple clusters. The
test is simple to implement, valid under mild conditions
(including nonnormality, and heterogeneity of the data in
aspects beyond those in the clustering analysis), and
applicable in a range of contexts (including clustering when
the time series dimension is small, or clustering on
parameters other than the mean). We verify that the test has
good size control in finite samples, and we illustrate the
test in applications to clustering vehicle manufacturers and
U.S. mutual funds.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2022.2061983},
Key = {fds356525}
}
@article{fds360109,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Medeiros, MC and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg,
R},
Title = {From zero to hero: Realized partial (co)variances},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {231},
Number = {2},
Pages = {348-360},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.04.013},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a generalization of the class of
realized semivariance and semicovariance measures introduced
by Barndorff-Nielsen et al. (2010) and Bollerslev et al.
(2020a) to allow for a finer decomposition of realized
(co)variances. The new “realized partial (co)variances”
allow for multiple thresholds with various locations, rather
than the single fixed threshold of zero used in semi
(co)variances. We adopt methods from machine learning to
choose the thresholds to maximize the out-of-sample forecast
performance of time series models based on realized partial
(co)variances. We find that in low dimensional settings it
is hard, but not impossible, to improve upon the simple
fixed threshold of zero. In large dimensions, however, the
zero threshold embedded in realized semi covariances emerges
as a robust choice.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.04.013},
Key = {fds360109}
}
@article{fds344485,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, BM},
Title = {Risk Price Variation: The Missing Half of Empirical Asset
Pricing},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {35},
Number = {11},
Pages = {5127-5184},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Editor = {Van Nieuwerburgh and S},
Year = {2022},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhac012},
Abstract = {Equal compensation across assets for the same risk exposures
is a bedrock of asset pricing theory and empirics. Yet
real-world frictions can violate this equality and create
apparently high Sharpe ratio opportunities. We develop new
methods for asset pricing with cross-sectional heterogeneity
in compensation for risk. We extend k-means clustering to
group assets by risk prices and introduce a formal test for
whether differences in risk premiums across market segments
are too large to occur by chance. We find significant
evidence of cross-sectional variation in risk prices for
almost all combinations of test assets, factor models, and
time periods considered.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhac012},
Key = {fds344485}
}
@article{fds360108,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Realized semibetas: Disentangling “good” and “bad”
downside risks},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {144},
Number = {1},
Pages = {227-246},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.056},
Abstract = {We propose a new decomposition of the traditional market
beta into four semibetas that depend on the signed
covariation between the market and individual asset returns.
We show that semibetas stemming from negative market and
negative asset return covariation predict significantly
higher future returns, while semibetas attributable to
negative market and positive asset return covariation
predict significantly lower future returns. The two
semibetas associated with positive market return variation
do not appear to be priced. The results are consistent with
the pricing implications from a mean-semivariance framework
combined with arbitrage risk driving a wedge between the
risk premiums for long and short positions. We conclude that
rather than betting against the traditional market beta, it
is better to bet on and against the “right”
semibetas.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.056},
Key = {fds360108}
}
@article{fds356524,
Author = {Barendse, S and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Comparing Predictive Accuracy in the Presence of a Loss
Function Shape Parameter},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1057-1069},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2021.1896527},
Abstract = {We develop tests for out-of-sample forecast comparisons
based on loss functions that contain shape parameters.
Examples include comparisons using average utility across a
range of values for the level of risk aversion, comparisons
of forecast accuracy using characteristics of a portfolio
return across a range of values for the portfolio weight
vector, and comparisons using recently-proposed “Murphy
diagrams” for classes of consistent scoring rules. An
extensive Monte Carlo study verifies that our tests have
good size and power properties in realistic sample sizes,
particularly when compared with existing methods which break
down when then number of values considered for the shape
parameter grows. We present three empirical illustrations of
the new test.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2021.1896527},
Key = {fds356524}
}
@article{fds344487,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Comparing Possibly Misspecified Forecasts},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {796-809},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2019.1585256},
Abstract = {Recent work has emphasized the importance of evaluating
estimates of a statistical functional (such as a conditional
mean, quantile, or distribution) using a loss function that
is consistent for the functional of interest, of which there
is an infinite number. If forecasters all use correctly
specified models free from estimation error, and if the
information sets of competing forecasters are nested, then
the ranking induced by a single consistent loss function is
sufficient for the ranking by any consistent loss function.
This article shows, via analytical results and realistic
simulation-based analyses, that the presence of misspecified
models, parameter estimation error, or nonnested information
sets, leads generally to sensitivity to the choice of
(consistent) loss function. Thus, rather than merely
specifying the target functional, which narrows the set of
relevant loss functions only to the class of loss functions
consistent for that functional, forecast consumers or survey
designers should specify the single specific loss function
that will be used to evaluate forecasts. An application to
survey forecasts of U.S. inflation illustrates the
results.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2019.1585256},
Key = {fds344487}
}
@article{fds333583,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, BM},
Title = {What You See Is Not What You Get: The Costs of Trading
Market Anomalies},
Volume = {137},
Number = {2},
Pages = {515-549},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.02.012},
Abstract = {Is there a gap between the profitability of a trading
strategy on paper and that which is achieved in practice? We
answer this question by developing a general technique to
measure the real-world implementation costs of financial
market anomalies. Our method extends Fama-MacBeth
regressions to compare the on-paper returns to factor
exposures with those achieved by mutual funds. Unlike
existing approaches, ours delivers estimates of all-in
implementation costs without relying on parametric
microstructure models or explicitly specified factor trading
strategies. After accounting for implementation costs,
typical mutual funds earn low returns to value and no
returns to momentum.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.02.012},
Key = {fds333583}
}
@article{fds344488,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Multivariate leverage effects and realized semicovariance
GARCH models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {217},
Number = {2},
Pages = {411-430},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.12.011},
Abstract = {We propose new asymmetric multivariate volatility models.
The models exploit estimates of variances and covariances
based on the signs of high-frequency returns, measures known
as realized semivariances, semicovariances, and
semicorrelations, to allow for more nuanced responses to
positive and negative return shocks than threshold
“leverage effect” terms traditionally used in the
literature. Our empirical implementations of the new models,
including extensions of widely-used bivariate GARCH
specifications for a number of individual stocks and the
aggregate market portfolio as well as larger dimensional
dynamic conditional correlation type formulations for a
cross-section of individual stocks, provide clear evidence
of improved model fit and reveal new and interesting
asymmetric joint dynamic dependencies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2019.12.011},
Key = {fds344488}
}
@article{fds353547,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Realized Semibetas: Signs of Things to Come},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds353547}
}
@article{fds333748,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Patton, A and Quaedvlieg,
R},
Title = {Realized Semicovariances},
Journal = {Econometrica: journal of the Econometric
Society},
Volume = {88},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1515-1551},
Publisher = {Econometric Society},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA17056},
Abstract = {We propose a decomposition of the realized covariance matrix
into components based on the signs of the underlying
high‐frequency returns, and we derive the asymptotic
properties of the resulting realized semicovariance measures
as the sampling interval goes to zero. The first‐order
asymptotic results highlight how the same‐sign and
mixed‐sign components load differently on economic
information related to stochastic correlation and jumps. The
second‐order asymptotic results reveal the structure
underlying the same‐sign semicovariances, as manifested in
the form of co‐drifting and dynamic “leverage”
effects. In line with this anatomy, we use data on a large
cross‐section of individual stocks to empirically document
distinct dynamic dependencies in the different realized
semicovariance components. We show that the accuracy of
portfolio return variance forecasts may be significantly
improved by exploiting the information in realized
semicovariances.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA17056},
Key = {fds333748}
}
@article{fds353548,
Author = {Dimitriadis, T and Patton, AJ and Schmidt, P},
Title = {Testing Forecast Rationality for Measures of Central
Tendency},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds353548}
}
@article{fds344486,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Ziegel, JF and Chen, R},
Title = {Dynamic semiparametric models for expected shortfall (and
Value-at-Risk)},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {211},
Number = {2},
Pages = {388-413},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.10.008},
Abstract = {Expected Shortfall (ES) is the average return on a risky
asset conditional on the return being below some quantile of
its distribution, namely its Value-at-Risk (VaR). The Basel
III Accord, which will be implemented in the years leading
up to 2019, places new attention on ES, but unlike VaR,
there is little existing work on modeling ES. We use recent
results from statistical decision theory to overcome the
problem of “elicitability” for ES by jointly modeling ES
and VaR, and propose new dynamic models for these risk
measures. We provide estimation and inference methods for
the proposed models, and confirm via simulation studies that
the methods have good finite-sample properties. We apply
these models to daily returns on four international equity
indices, and find the proposed new ES–VaR models
outperform forecasts based on GARCH or rolling window
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.10.008},
Key = {fds344486}
}
@article{fds344489,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and forecasting (un)reliable realized covariances
for more reliable financial decisions},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {We propose a new framework for modeling and forecasting
common financial risks based on (un)reliable realized
covariance measures constructed from high-frequency intraday
data. Our new approach explicitly incorporates the effect of
measurement errors and time-varying attenuation biases into
the covariance forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante
predictions to respond more (less) aggressively to changes
in the ex-post realized covariance measures when they are
more (less) reliable. Applying the new procedures in the
construction of minimum variance and minimum tracking error
portfolios results in reduced turnover and statistically
superior positions compared to existing procedures.
Translating these statistical improvements into economic
gains, we find that under empirically realistic assumptions
a risk-averse investor would be willing to pay up to 170
basis points per year to shift to using the new class of
forecasting models.},
Key = {fds344489}
}
@article{fds333747,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, BM},
Title = {What You See Is Not What You Get: The Costs of Trading
Market Anomalies},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds333747}
}
@article{fds324323,
Author = {Oh, DH and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Modeling Dependence in High Dimensions With Factor
Copulas},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {139-154},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2015.1062384},
Abstract = {This article presents flexible new models for the dependence
structure, or copula, of economic variables based on a
latent factor structure. The proposed models are
particularly attractive for relatively high-dimensional
applications, involving 50 or more variables, and can be
combined with semiparametric marginal distributions to
obtain flexible multivariate distributions. Factor copulas
generally lack a closed-form density, but we obtain
analytical results for the implied tail dependence using
extreme value theory, and we verify that simulation-based
estimation using rank statistics is reliable even in high
dimensions. We consider “scree” plots to aid the choice
of the number of factors in the model. The model is applied
to daily returns on all 100 constituents of the S&P 100
index, and we find significant evidence of tail dependence,
heterogeneous dependence, and asymmetric dependence, with
dependence being stronger in crashes than in booms. We also
show that factor copula models provide superior estimates of
some measures of systemic risk. Supplementary materials for
this article are available online.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2015.1062384},
Key = {fds324323}
}
@article{fds324324,
Author = {Oh, DH and Patton, AJ},
Title = {High-dimensional copula-based distributions with mixed
frequency data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {193},
Number = {2},
Pages = {349-366},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.04.011},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a new model for high-dimensional
distributions of asset returns that utilizes mixed frequency
data and copulas. The dependence between returns is
decomposed into linear and nonlinear components, enabling
the use of high frequency data to accurately forecast linear
dependence, and a new class of copulas designed to capture
nonlinear dependence among the resulting uncorrelated, low
frequency, residuals. Estimation of the new class of copulas
is conducted using composite likelihood, facilitating
applications involving hundreds of variables. In- and
out-of-sample tests confirm the superiority of the proposed
models applied to daily returns on constituents of the S&P
100 index.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.04.011},
Key = {fds324324}
}
@article{fds323889,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Exploiting the errors: A simple approach for improved
volatility forecasting},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {192},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Abstract = {We propose a new family of easy-to-implement realized
volatility based forecasting models. The models exploit the
asymptotic theory for high-frequency realized volatility
estimation to improve the accuracy of the forecasts. By
allowing the parameters of the models to vary explicitly
with the (estimated) degree of measurement error, the models
exhibit stronger persistence, and in turn generate more
responsive forecasts, when the measurement error is
relatively low. Implementing the new class of models for the
S&P 500 equity index and the individual constituents of the
Dow Jones Industrial Average, we document significant
improvements in the accuracy of the resulting forecasts
compared to the forecasts from some of the most popular
existing models that implicitly ignore the temporal
variation in the magnitude of the realized volatility
measurement errors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Key = {fds323889}
}
@misc{fds324325,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and Forecasting (Un)Reliable Realized Covariances
for More Reliable Financial Decisions},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Abstract = {© 2018 Elsevier B.V. We propose a new framework for
modeling and forecasting common financial risks based on
(un)reliable realized covariance measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. Our new approach explicitly
incorporates the effect of measurement errors and
time-varying attenuation biases into the covariance
forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante predictions to respond
more (less) aggressively to changes in the ex-post realized
covariance measures when they are more (less) reliable.
Applying the new procedures in the construction of minimum
variance and minimum tracking error portfolios results in
reduced turnover and statistically superior positions
compared to existing procedures. Translating these
statistical improvements into economic gains, we find that
under empirically realistic assumptions a risk-averse
investor would be willing to pay up to 170 basis points per
year to shift to using the new class of forecasting
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Key = {fds324325}
}
@article{fds324326,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Smith, RJ},
Title = {Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2014 Special Issue
on Large Dimensional Models},
Journal = {Econometrics Journal},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {Ci-Cii},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ectj.12064},
Doi = {10.1111/ectj.12064},
Key = {fds324326}
}
@article{fds329909,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Exploiting the errors: A simple approach for improved
volatility forecasting},
Volume = {192},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-18},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {We propose a new family of easy-to-implement realized
volatility based forecasting models. The models exploit the
asymptotic theory for high-frequency realized volatility
estimation to improve the accuracy of the forecasts. By
allowing the parameters of the models to vary explicitly
with the (estimated) degree of measurement error, the models
exhibit stronger persistence, and in turn generate more
responsive forecasts, when the measurement error is
relatively low. Implementing the new class of models for the
S&P 500 equity index and the individual constituents of
the Dow Jones Industrial Average, we document significant
improvements in the accuracy of the resulting forecasts
compared to the forecasts from some of the most popular
existing models that implicitly ignore the temporal
variation in the magnitude of the realized volatility
measurement errors.},
Key = {fds329909}
}
@article{fds324327,
Author = {Liu, LY and Patton, AJ and Sheppard, K},
Title = {Does anything beat 5-minute RV? A comparison of realized
measures across multiple asset classes},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {187},
Number = {1},
Pages = {293-311},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.008},
Abstract = {We study the accuracy of a variety of estimators of asset
price variation constructed from high-frequency data
("realized measures"), and compare them with a simple
"realized variance" (RV) estimator. In total, we consider
over 400 different estimators, using 11 years of data on 31
different financial assets spanning five asset classes. When
5-minute RV is taken as the benchmark, we find little
evidence that it is outperformed by any other measures. When
using inference methods that do not require specifying a
benchmark, we find some evidence that more sophisticated
measures outperform. Overall, we conclude that it is
difficult to significantly beat 5-minute
RV.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.008},
Key = {fds324327}
}
@article{fds324328,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Sheppard, K},
Title = {Good volatility, bad volatility: Signed jumps and the
persistence of volatility},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {3},
Pages = {683-697},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00503},
Abstract = {Using estimators of the variation of positive and negative
returns (realized semivariances) and high-frequency data for
the S&P 500 Index and 105 individual stocks, this paper
sheds new light on the predictability of equity price
volatility.We showthat future volatility is more strongly
related to the volatility of past negative returns than to
that of positive returns and that the impact of a price jump
on volatility depends on the sign of the jump, with negative
(positive) jumps leading to higher (lower) future
volatility. We show that models exploiting these findings
lead to significantly better out-of-sample forecast
performance.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00503},
Key = {fds324328}
}
@article{fds324329,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Ramadorai, T and Streatfield, M},
Title = {Change You Can Believe In? Hedge Fund Data
Revisions},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {963-999},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12240},
Abstract = {We analyze the reliability of voluntary disclosures of
financial information, focusing on widely-employed
publicly-available hedge fund databases. Tracking changes to
statements of historical performance recorded between 2007
and 2011, we find that historical returns are routinely
revised. These revisions are not merely random or
corrections of earlier mistakes; they are partly
forecastable by fund characteristics. Funds that revise
their performance histories significantly and predictably
underperform those that have never revised, suggesting that
unreliable disclosures constitute a valuable source of
information for investors. These results speak to current
debates about mandatory disclosures by financial
institutions to market regulators.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12240},
Key = {fds324329}
}
@article{fds324330,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22-24},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2014.977445},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2014.977445},
Key = {fds324330}
}
@article{fds320607,
Author = {Patton, AJ and De Lira Salvatierra and I},
Title = {Dynamic Copula Models and High Frequency
Data},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {30},
Pages = {120-135},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2014.11.008},
Abstract = {© 2014 Elsevier B.V.This paper proposes a new class of
dynamic copula models for daily asset returns that exploits
information from high frequency (intra-daily) data. We
augment the generalized autoregressive score (GAS) model of
Creal et al. (2013) with high frequency measures such as
realized correlation to obtain a "GRAS" model. We find that
the inclusion of realized measures significantly improves
the in-sample fit of dynamic copula models across a range of
U.S. equity returns. Moreover, we find that out-of-sample
density forecasts from our GRAS models are superior to those
from simpler models. Finally, we consider a simple portfolio
choice problem to illustrate the economic gains from
exploiting high frequency data for modeling dynamic
dependence.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jempfin.2014.11.008},
Key = {fds320607}
}
@article{fds238545,
Author = {Fan, Y and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Copulas in econometrics},
Journal = {Annual Review of Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {179-200},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-1383},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041221},
Abstract = {Copulas are functions that describe the dependence between
two or more random variables. This article provides a brief
review of copula theory and two areas of economics in which
copulas have played important roles: multivariate modeling
and partial identification of parameters that depend on the
joint distribution of two random variables with fixed or
known marginal distributions. We focus on bivariate copulas
but provide references on recent advances in constructing
higher-dimensional copulas. © 2014 by Annual Reviews. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041221},
Key = {fds238545}
}
@article{fds238548,
Author = {Oh, DH and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Simulated method of moments estimation for copula-based
multivariate models},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {108},
Number = {502},
Pages = {689-700},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000321727700027&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This article considers the estimation of the parameters of a
copula via a simulated method of moments (MM) type approach.
This approach is attractive when the likelihood of the
copula model is not known in closed form, or when the
researcher has a set of dependence measures or other
functionals of the copula that are of particular interest.
The proposed approach naturally also nests MM and
generalized method of moments estimators. Drawing on results
for simulation-based estimation and on recent work in
empirical copula process theory, we show the consistency and
asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator, and obtain a
simple test of overidentifying restrictions as a
specification test. The results apply to both iid and time
series data. We analyze the finite-sample behavior of these
estimators in an extensive simulation study. We apply the
model to a group of seven financial stock returns and find
evidence of statistically significant tail dependence, and
mild evidence that the dependence between these assets is
stronger in crashes than booms. Supplementary materials for
this article are available online. © 2013 American
Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2013.785952},
Key = {fds238548}
}
@article{fds320608,
Author = {Li, J and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Asymptotic Inference about Predictive Accuracy Using High
Frequency Data},
Number = {163},
Pages = {223-240},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.10.005},
Abstract = {This paper provides a general framework that enables many
existing inference methods for predictive accuracy to be
used in applications that involve forecasts of latent target
variables. Such applications include the forecasting of
volatility, correlation, beta, quadratic variation, jump
variation, and other functionals of an underlying
continuous-time process. We provide primitive conditions
under which a "negligibility" result holds, and thus the
asymptotic size of standard predictive accuracy tests,
implemented using a high-frequency proxy for the latent
variable, is controlled. An extensive simulation study
verifies that the asymptotic results apply in a range of
empirically relevant applications, and an empirical
application to correlation forecasting is
presented.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.10.005},
Key = {fds320608}
}
@article{fds320609,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Wenjing, W},
Title = {Daily House Price Indexes: Construction, Modeling, and
Longer-Run Predictions},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {31},
Number = {166},
Pages = {49 pages},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We construct daily house price indexes for ten major U.S.
metropolitan areas. Our calculations are based on a
comprehensive database of several million residential
property transactions and a standard repeat-sales method
that closely mimics the procedure used in the construction
of the popular monthly Case-Shiller house price indexes. Our
new daily house price indexes exhibit similar
characteristics to other daily asset prices, with mild
autocorrelation and strong conditional heteroskedasticity,
which are well described by a relatively simple multivariate
GARCH type model. The sample and model-implied correlations
across house price index returns are low at the daily
frequency, but rise monotonically with the return horizon,
and are all commensurate with existing empirical evidence
for the existing monthly and quarterly house price series. A
simple model of daily house price index returns produces
forecasts of monthly house price changes that are superior
to various alternative forecast procedures based on lower
frequency data, underscoring the informational advantages of
our new more finely sampled daily price series.},
Key = {fds320609}
}
@article{fds320610,
Author = {Oh, DH and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Time-Varying Systemic Risk: Evidence from a Dynamic Copula
Model of CDS Spreads},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {36},
Number = {167},
Pages = {181-195},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2016.1177535},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a new class of copula-based dynamic
models for high dimension conditional distributions,
facilitating the estimation of a wide variety of measures of
systemic risk. Our proposed models draw on successful ideas
from the literature on modeling high dimension covariance
matrices and on recent work on models for general
time-varying distributions. Our use of copula-based models
enable the estimation of the joint model in stages, greatly
reducing the computational burden. We use the proposed new
models to study a collection of daily credit default swap
(CDS) spreads on 100 U.S. firms over the period 2006 to
2012. We find that while the probability of distress for
individual firms has greatly reduced since the financial
crisis of 2008-09, the joint probability of distress (a
measure of systemic risk) is substantially higher now than
in the pre-crisis period.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2016.1177535},
Key = {fds320610}
}
@article{fds238549,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Ramadorai, T},
Title = {On the high-frequency dynamics of hedge fund risk
exposures},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {68},
Number = {2},
Pages = {597-635},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000315966100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We propose a new method to model hedge fund risk exposures
using relatively high-frequency conditioning variables. In a
large sample of funds, we find substantial evidence that
hedge fund risk exposures vary across and within months, and
that capturing within-month variation is more important for
hedge funds than for mutual funds. We consider different
within-month functional forms, and uncover patterns such as
day-of-the-month variation in risk exposures. We also find
that changes in portfolio allocations, rather than in the
risk exposures of the underlying assets, are the main
drivers of hedge funds' risk exposure variation. © 2013 the
American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12008},
Key = {fds238549}
}
@article{fds238547,
Author = {Patton, A},
Title = {Copula methods for forecasting multivariate time
series},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {899-960},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1574-0706},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-62731-5.00016-6},
Abstract = {Copula-based models provide a great deal of flexibility in
modeling multivariate distributions, allowing the researcher
to specify the models for the marginal distributions
separately from the dependence structure (copula) that links
them to form a joint distribution. In addition to
flexibility, this often also facilitates estimation of the
model in stages, reducing the computational burden. This
chapter reviews the growing literature on copula-based
models for economic and financial time series data, and
discusses in detail methods for estimation, inference,
goodness-of-fit testing, and model selection that are useful
when working with these models. A representative data set of
two daily equity index returns is used to illustrate all of
the main results. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-62731-5.00016-6},
Key = {fds238547}
}
@article{fds238565,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {A review of copula models for economic time
series},
Journal = {Journal of Multivariate Analysis},
Volume = {110},
Pages = {4-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0047-259X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmva.2012.02.021},
Abstract = {This survey reviews the large and growing literature on
copula-based models for economic and financial time series.
Copula-based multivariate models allow the researcher to
specify the models for the marginal distributions separately
from the dependence structure that links these distributions
to form a joint distribution. This allows for a much greater
degree of flexibility in specifying and estimating the
model, freeing the researcher from considering only existing
multivariate distributions. The author surveys estimation
and inference methods and goodness-of-fit tests for such
models, as well as empirical applications of these copulas
for economic and financial time series. © 2012 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmva.2012.02.021},
Key = {fds238565}
}
@article{fds238567,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Verardo, M},
Title = {Does beta move with news? Firm-specific information flows
and learning about profitability},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {25},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2789-2839},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhs073},
Abstract = {We investigate whether stock betas vary with the release of
firm-specific news. Using daily firm-level betas estimated
from intraday prices, we find that betas increase on
earnings announcement days and revert to their average
levels two to five days later. The increase in betas is
greater for earnings announcements that have larger positive
or negative surprises, convey more information about other
firms in the market, and resolve greater ex ante
uncertainty. Our results are consistent with a learning
model in which investors use information on announcing firms
to revise their expectations about the profitability of the
aggregate economy. © The Author 2012.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhs073},
Key = {fds238567}
}
@article{fds238564,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Forecast rationality tests based on multi-horizon
bounds},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-17},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2012.634337},
Abstract = {Forecast rationality under squared error loss implies
various bounds on second moments of the data across forecast
horizons. For example, the mean squared forecast error
should be increasing in the horizon, and the mean squared
forecast should be decreasing in the horizon. We propose
rationality tests based on these restrictions, including new
ones that can be conducted without data on the target
variable, and implement them via tests of inequality
constraints in a regression framework. A new test of optimal
forecast revision based on a regression of the target
variable on the long-horizon forecast and the sequence of
interim forecast revisions is also proposed. The size and
power of the new tests are compared with those of extant
tests through Monte Carlo simulations. An empirical
application to the Federal Reserve's Greenbook forecasts is
presented. © 2012 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2012.634337},
Key = {fds238564}
}
@article{fds238566,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Rejoinder},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {36-40},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2012.634354},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2012.634354},
Key = {fds238566}
}
@article{fds238563,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann vy, A},
Title = {Predictability of output growth and inflation: A
multi-horizon survey approach},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {397-410},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08347},
Abstract = {We develop an unobserved-components approach to study
surveys of forecasts containing multiple forecast horizons.
Under the assumption that forecasters optimally update their
beliefs about past, current, and future state variables as
new information arrives, we use our model to extract
information on the degree of predictability of the state
variable and the importance of measurement errors in the
observables. Empirical estimates of the model are obtained
using survey forecasts of annual GDP growth and inflation in
the United States with forecast horizons ranging from 1 to
24 months, and the model is found to closely match the joint
realization of forecast errors at different horizons. Our
empirical results suggest that professional forecasters face
severe measurement error problems for GDP growth in real
time, while this is much less of a problem for inflation.
Moreover, inflation exhibits greater persistence, and thus
is predictable at longer horizons, than GDP growth and the
persistent component of both variables is well approximated
by a low-order autoregressive specification. © 2011
American Statistical Association Journal of Business and
Economic Statistics.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08347},
Key = {fds238563}
}
@article{fds238562,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Data-based ranking of realised volatility
estimators},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {161},
Number = {2},
Pages = {284-303},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.12.010},
Abstract = {This paper presents new methods for comparing the accuracy
of estimators of the quadratic variation of a price process.
I provide conditions under which the relative accuracy of
competing estimators can be consistently estimated (as
T→∞), and show that forecast evaluation tests may be
adapted to the problem of ranking these estimators. The
proposed methods avoid making specific assumptions about
microstructure noise, and facilitate comparisons of
estimators that would be difficult using methods from the
extant literature, such as those based on different sampling
schemes. An application to high frequency IBM data between
1996 and 2007 illustrates the new methods. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.12.010},
Key = {fds238562}
}
@article{fds238561,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Volatility forecast comparison using imperfect volatility
proxies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {246-256},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.034},
Abstract = {The use of a conditionally unbiased, but imperfect,
volatility proxy can lead to undesirable outcomes in
standard methods for comparing conditional variance
forecasts. We motivate our study with analytical results on
the distortions caused by some widely used loss functions,
when used with standard volatility proxies such as squared
returns, the intra-daily range or realised volatility. We
then derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the
functional form of the loss function for the ranking of
competing volatility forecasts to be robust to the presence
of noise in the volatility proxy, and derive some useful
special cases of this class of "robust" loss functions. The
methods are illustrated with an application to the
volatility of returns on IBM over the period 1993 to 2003.
© 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.034},
Key = {fds238561}
}
@article{fds238559,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Monotonicity in asset returns: New tests with applications
to the term structure, the CAPM, and portfolio
sorts},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {98},
Number = {3},
Pages = {605-625},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.06.006},
Abstract = {Many theories in finance imply monotonic patterns in
expected returns and other financial variables. The
liquidity preference hypothesis predicts higher expected
returns for bonds with longer times to maturity; the Capital
Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) implies higher expected returns
for stocks with higher betas; and standard asset pricing
models imply that the pricing kernel is declining in market
returns. The full set of implications of monotonicity is
generally not exploited in empirical work, however. This
paper proposes new and simple ways to test for monotonicity
in financial variables and compares the proposed tests with
extant alternatives such as t-tests, Bonferroni bounds, and
multivariate inequality tests through empirical applications
and simulations. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.06.006},
Key = {fds238559}
}
@article{fds238560,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Why do forecasters disagree? Lessons from the term structure
of cross-sectional dispersion},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {7},
Pages = {803-820},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2010.07.001},
Abstract = {Key sources of disagreement among economic forecasters are
identified by using data on cross-sectional dispersion in
forecasters' long- and short-run predictions of
macroeconomic variables. Dispersion among forecasters is
highest at long horizons where private information is of
limited value and lower at short forecast horizons.
Moreover, differences in views persist through time. Such
differences in opinion cannot be explained by differences in
information sets; our results indicate they stem from
heterogeneity in priors or models. Differences in opinion
move countercyclically, with heterogeneity being strongest
during recessions where forecasters appear to place greater
weight on their prior beliefs. © 2010 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2010.07.001},
Key = {fds238560}
}
@article{fds324334,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Ramadorai, T},
Title = {On the Dynamics of Hedge Fund Risk Exposures},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds324334}
}
@article{fds324335,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Ramadorai, T},
Title = {On the Dynamics of Hedge Fund Risk Exposures},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds324335}
}
@article{fds238556,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Are "market neutral" hedge funds really market
neutral?},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {7},
Pages = {2295-2330},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhn113},
Abstract = {Using a variety of different definitions of "neutrality,"
this study presents significant evidence against the
neutrality to market risk of hedge funds in a range of style
categories. I generalize standard definitions of "market
neutrality," and propose five different neutrality concepts.
I suggest statistical tests for each neutrality concept, and
apply these tests to a database of monthly returns on 1423
hedge funds from five style categories. For the "market
neutral" style, approximately one-quarter of the funds
exhibit significant exposure to market risk; this proportion
is statistically significantly different from zero, but less
than the proportion of significant exposures for other hedge
fund styles.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhn113},
Key = {fds238556}
}
@article{fds238557,
Author = {Patton, A and Politis, DN and White, H},
Title = {Correction to automatic block-length selection for the
dependent bootstrap by D. Politis and H.
White},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {372-375},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0747-4938},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474930802459016},
Abstract = {A correction on the optimal block size algorithms of Politis
and White (2004) is given following a correction of Lahiri's
(Lahiri 1999) theoretical results by Nordman
(2008).},
Doi = {10.1080/07474930802459016},
Key = {fds238557}
}
@article{fds238558,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Sheppard, K},
Title = {Optimal combinations of realised volatility
estimators},
Journal = {International Journal of Forecasting},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {218-238},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0169-2070},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2009.01.011},
Abstract = {Recent advances in financial econometrics have led to the
development of new estimators of asset price variability
using frequently-sampled price data, known as "realised
volatility estimators" or simply "realised measures". These
estimators rely on a variety of different assumptions and
take many different functional forms. Motivated by the
empirical success of combination forecasts, this paper
presents a novel approach for combining individual realised
measures to form new estimators of price variability. In an
application to high frequency IBM price data over the period
1996-2008, we consider 32 different realised measures from 8
distinct classes of estimators. We find that a simple
equally-weighted average of these estimators cannot
generally be out-performed, in terms of accuracy, by any
individual estimator. Moreover, we find that none of the
individual estimators encompasses the information in all
other estimators, providing further support for the use of
combination realised measures. © 2009 International
Institute of Forecasters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijforecast.2009.01.011},
Key = {fds238558}
}
@article{fds324336,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, AG},
Title = {The Resolution of Macroeconomic Uncertainty: Evidence from
Survey Forecast},
Journal = {CREATES Research Paper},
Number = {2008},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds324336}
}
@article{fds238546,
Author = {Engle, RF and Patton, AJ},
Title = {What good is a volatility model?},
Journal = {Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets},
Pages = {47-63},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-075066942-9.50004-2},
Abstract = {A volatility model must be able to forecast volatility. This
is the central requirement in almost all financial
applications. There are two general classes of volatility
models in widespread use. The first type formulates the
conditional variance directly as a function of observables.
The simplest examples are the autoregressive conditional
heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and generalized autoregressive
conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. The second
general class formulates models of volatility that are not
functions purely of observables. A number of stylized facts
about the volatility of financial asset prices have emerged
over the years. A good volatility model must be able to
capture and reflect these stylized facts. To illustrate
these stylized facts, data on the Dow Jones Industrial Index
were used, and the ability of GARCH-type models was used to
capture these features. Various aspects of the volatility
process are important topics of research. The need for a
model to forecast 100 or even 1000 steps into the future has
suggested long memory or fractionally integrated processes.
© 2007 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-075066942-9.50004-2},
Key = {fds238546}
}
@article{fds238554,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Properties of optimal forecasts under asymmetric loss and
nonlinearity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {140},
Number = {2},
Pages = {884-918},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.07.018},
Abstract = {Evaluation of forecast optimality in economics and finance
has almost exclusively been conducted under the assumption
of mean squared error loss. Under this loss function optimal
forecasts should be unbiased and forecast errors serially
uncorrelated at the single period horizon with increasing
variance as the forecast horizon grows. Using analytical
results we show that standard properties of optimal
forecasts can be invalid under asymmetric loss and nonlinear
data generating processes and thus may be very misleading as
a benchmark for an optimal forecast. We establish instead
that a suitable transformation of the forecast error-known
as the generalized forecast error-possesses an equivalent
set of properties. The paper also provides empirical
examples to illustrate the significance in practice of
asymmetric loss and nonlinearities and discusses the effect
of parameter estimation error on optimal forecasts. © 2006
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.07.018},
Key = {fds238554}
}
@article{fds238555,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, A},
Title = {Testing forecast optimality under unknown
loss},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {102},
Number = {480},
Pages = {1172-1184},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/016214506000001176},
Abstract = {Empirical tests of forecast optimality have traditionally
been conducted under the assumption of mean squared error
loss or some other known loss function. In this article we
establish new testable properties that hold when the
forecaster's loss function is unknown but testable
restrictions can be imposed on the data-generating process,
trading off conditions on the data-generating process
against conditions on the loss function. We propose flexible
estimation of the forecaster's loss function in situations
where the loss depends not only on the forecast error, but
also on other state variables, such as the level of the
target variable. We apply our results to the problem of
evaluating the Federal Reserve's forecasts of output growth.
Forecast optimality is rejected if the Fed's loss depends
only on the forecast error. However, the empirical findings
are consistent with forecast optimality provided that
overpredictions of output growth are costlier to the Fed
than underpredictions, particularly during periods of low
economic growth. © 2007 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/016214506000001176},
Key = {fds238555}
}
@article{fds238551,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Modelling asymmetric exchange rate dependence},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {47},
Number = {2},
Pages = {527-556},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2006.00387.x},
Abstract = {We test for asymmetry in a model of the dependence between
the Deutsche mark and the yen, in the sense that a different
degree of correlation is exhibited during joint
appreciations against the U.S. dollar versus during joint
depreciations. We consider an extension of the theory of
copulas to allow for conditioning variables, and employ it
to construct flexible models of the conditional dependence
structure of these exchange rates. We find evidence that the
mark-dollar and yen-dollar exchange rates are more
correlated when they are depreciating against the dollar
than when they are appreciating.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2006.00387.x},
Key = {fds238551}
}
@article{fds238552,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Estimation of multivariate models for time series of
possibly different lengths},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-173},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0883-7252},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.865},
Abstract = {We consider the problem of estimating parametric
multivariate density models when unequal amounts of data are
available on each variable. We focus in particular on the
case that the unknown parameter vector may be partitioned
into elements relating only to a marginal distribution and
elements relating to the copula. In such a case we propose
using a multi-stage maximum likelihood estimator (MSMLE)
based on all available data rather than the usual one-stage
maximum likelihood estimator (1SMLE) based only on the
overlapping data. We provide conditions under which the
MSMLE is not less asymptotically efficient than the 1SMLE,
and we examine the small sample efficiency of the estimators
via simulations. The analysis in this paper is motivated by
a model of the joint distribution of daily Japanese yen-US
dollar and euro-US dollar exchange rates. We find
significant evidence of time variation in the conditional
copula of these exchange rates, and evidence of greater
dependence during extreme events than under the normal
distribution. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.865},
Key = {fds238552}
}
@article{fds238553,
Author = {Granger, CWJ and Teräsvirta, T and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Common factors in conditional distributions for bivariate
time series},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {132},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-57},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.01.022},
Abstract = {A definition for a common factor for bivariate time series
is suggested by considering the decomposition of the
conditional density into the product of the marginals and
the copula, with the conditioning variable being a common
factor if it does not directly enter the copula. We show the
links between this definition and the idea of a common
factor as a dominant feature in standard linear
representations. An application using a business cycle
indicator as the common factor in the relationship between
U.S. income and consumption found that both series held the
factor in their marginals but not in the copula. © 2005
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.01.022},
Key = {fds238553}
}
@article{fds324337,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, AG},
Title = {Testable Implications of Forecast Optimality},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324337}
}
@article{fds324338,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, AG},
Title = {Testable Implications of Forecast Optimality},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds324338}
}
@article{fds324340,
Author = {Chen, X and Fan, Y and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Simple Tests for Models of Dependence Between Multiple
Financial Time Series, with Applications to U.S. Equity
Returns and Exchange Rates},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds324340}
}
@article{fds238550,
Author = {Engle, RF and Patton, AJ},
Title = {Impacts of trades in an error-correction model of quote
prices},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Markets},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-25},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1386-4181(03)00018-1},
Abstract = {In this paper we analyze and interpret the quote price
dynamics of 100 NYSE stocks stratified by trade frequency.
We specify an error-correction model for the log difference
of the bid and the ask price with the spread acting as the
error-correction term, and include as regressors the
characteristics of the trades occurring between quote
observations, if any. From this model we are also able to
extract the implied model for the spread and the mid-quote.
We find that short duration and medium volume trades have
the largest impacts on quote prices for all one hundred
stocks. Further, we find that buys have a greater impact on
the ask price than on the bid price, while sells have a
greater impact on the bid price than on the ask price. Both
buys and sells increase spreads in the short run, but in the
absence of further trades, the spreads mean revert. Trades
have a greater impact on quotes for the infrequently traded
stocks than for the more actively traded stocks. © 2003
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1386-4181(03)00018-1},
Key = {fds238550}
}
@article{fds324342,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Timmermann, AG},
Title = {Properties of Optimal Forecasts},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds324342}
}
@article{fds324344,
Author = {Patton, AJ},
Title = {Modelling Time-Varying Exchange Rate Dependence using the
Conditional Copula},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324344}
}
%% Peretto, Pietro F.
@article{fds372694,
Author = {Chu, AC and Peretto, P and Xu, R},
Title = {Export-led takeoff in a Schumpeterian economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {145},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103798},
Abstract = {This study develops an open-economy Schumpeterian growth
model with endogenous takeoff to explore the effects of
exports on the transition of an economy from stagnation to
innovation-driven growth. We find that a higher export
demand raises the level of employment, which causes a larger
market size and an earlier takeoff along with a higher
transitional growth rate but has no effect on long-run
economic growth. These theoretical results are consistent
with empirical evidence that we document using cross-country
panel data in which the positive effect of exports on
economic growth becomes smaller, as countries become more
developed, and eventually disappears. We also calibrate the
model to data in China and find that its export share
increasing from 4.6% in 1978 to 36% in 2006 causes a rapid
growth acceleration, but the fall in exports after 2007
causes a growth deceleration that continues until recent
times.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103798},
Key = {fds372694}
}
@article{fds373655,
Author = {Chu, AC and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Innovation and inequality from stagnation to
growth},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {160},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104615},
Abstract = {This study explores the evolution of income inequality in an
economy featuring an endogenous transition from stagnation
to growth. We incorporate heterogeneous households in a
Schumpeterian model of endogenous takeoff. In the
pre-industrial era, the economy is in stagnation, and income
inequality is determined by the unequal distribution of
land. When the takeoff occurs, the economy experiences
innovation and economic growth, and income inequality
gradually rises until the economy reaches the steady state.
We calibrate the model for a quantitative analysis and
compare the simulation results to historical data in the UK.
Extending the analysis to allow for endogenous labor supply,
we find that endogenous labor supply introduces a channel
through which inequality contributes to shaping the
transition path of the economy and that households sort
themselves into a leisure class that supplies zero labor and
the rest of society that supplies labor.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104615},
Key = {fds373655}
}
@article{fds364041,
Author = {Chu, AC and Peretto, PF and Wang, X},
Title = {Agricultural revolution and industrialization},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {158},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102887},
Abstract = {This study explores how agricultural technology affects the
endogenous takeoff of an economy in the Schumpeterian growth
model. Due to the subsistence requirement for agricultural
consumption, an improvement in agricultural technology
reallocates labor from agriculture to the industrial sector.
Therefore, agricultural improvement expands firm size in the
industrial sector, which determines innovation and triggers
an endogenous transition from stagnation to growth.
Calibrating the model to data, we find that without the
reallocation of labor from agriculture to the industrial
sector in the early 19th century, the takeoff of the US
economy would have been delayed by about four
decades.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102887},
Key = {fds364041}
}
@article{fds355814,
Author = {Iacopetta, M and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Corporate governance and industrialization},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {135},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103718},
Abstract = {Corporate governance distortions delay or even halt a
country's transformation into a modern innovation economy.
We investigate the mechanism through a growth model that
allows for agency issues within firms. Governance
distortions raise the cost of investment and depress the
incentives to set up new firms. Modest differences in
governance account for large gaps in income: A 32 percent
investment cost differential can explain the secular decline
of Latin America income relative to that of the USA, and
implies an industrialization delay of a third of a century.
We obtain similar results for a large number of countries
and macro-regions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103718},
Key = {fds355814}
}
@article{fds355815,
Author = {Chu, AC and Furukawa, Y and Mallick, S and Peretto, P and Wang,
X},
Title = {Dynamic effects of patent policy on innovation and
inequality in a Schumpeterian economy},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {71},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1429-1465},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-021-01357-6},
Abstract = {This study explores the dynamic effects of patent policy on
innovation and income inequality in a Schumpeterian growth
model with endogenous market structure and heterogeneous
households. We find that strengthening patent protection has
a positive effect on economic growth and a positive or an
inverted-U effect on income inequality when the number of
differentiated products is fixed in the short run. However,
when the number of products adjusts endogenously, the
effects of patent protection on growth and inequality become
negative in the long run. We also calibrate the model to US
data to perform a quantitative analysis and find that the
long-run negative effect of patent policy on inequality is
much larger than its short-run positive effect. This result
remains consistent with our empirical finding from a panel
vector autoregression.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-021-01357-6},
Key = {fds355815}
}
@article{fds348836,
Author = {Brunnschweiler, CN and Peretto, PF and Valente,
S},
Title = {Wealth creation, wealth dilution and demography},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {117},
Pages = {441-459},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.02.002},
Abstract = {Demographic forces are crucial drivers of macroeconomic
performance. Yet, existing theories do not allow demography
to respond to fundamentals and policies while determining
key macroeconomic variables. We build a model of endogenous
interactions between fertility and innovation-led
productivity growth that delivers empirically consistent
co-movements of population, income and wealth. Wealth
dilution and wage dynamics stabilize population through
non-Malthusian forces; demography determines the ratios of
labor income and consumption to financial wealth. Shocks
that reduce population size, like immigration barriers,
reduce permanently the labor share and the mass of firms,
creating prolonged stagnation and substantial
intergenerational redistribution of income and
welfare.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.02.002},
Key = {fds348836}
}
@article{fds366250,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Through scarcity to prosperity: Toward a theory of
sustainable growth},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {117},
Pages = {243-257},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.01.004},
Abstract = {To make progress toward a comprehensive theory of
sustainable growth, this paper integrates fertility choice
and exhaustible resource dynamics in a tractable model of
endogenous technological change. The model identifies
conditions under which the interdependence of population,
resources and technology produces a transition that consists
of three phases: (1) an initial phase where agents exploit
exhaustible natural resources to support population growth;
(2) an intermediate phase where agents turn on the
Schumpeterian engine of endogenous innovation in response to
population-led market expansion; (3) a terminal phase where
knowledge accumulation becomes the sole engine of growth.
The last phase is crucial: not only economic growth no
longer requires growth of physical inputs, but technological
change also compensates for the exhaustion of the natural
resource.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2020.01.004},
Key = {fds366250}
}
@article{fds353241,
Author = {Ferraro, D and Ghazi, S and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Implications of tax policy for innovation and aggregate
productivity growth},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {130},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103590},
Abstract = {We examine the quantitative implications of income taxation
for innovation and aggregate productivity growth within the
context of a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of
innovation-led growth. In the model, innovation comes from
entrants creating new products and incumbents improving own
existing products. The model embodies key features of the
U.S. government sector: (i) an individual income tax with
differential treatment of labor income, dividends, and
capital gains; (ii) a corporate tax; (iii) a consumption
tax; (iv) government purchases. The model is restricted to
fit observations for the post-war U.S. economy. Our results
suggest that endogenous movements in aggregate productivity
and endogenous market structure play a quantitatively
important role in the propagation of tax
shocks.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103590},
Key = {fds353241}
}
@article{fds325930,
Author = {Coffey, B and McLaughlin, PA and Peretto, P},
Title = {The cumulative cost of regulations},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2016},
Pages = {1-21},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2020.03.004},
Abstract = {We estimate the effects of federal regulation on the value
added to GDP for a panel of 22 industries in the United
States over a period of 35 years (1977–2012). The
structure of our linear specification is explicitly derived
from the closed-form solutions of a multisector
Schumpeterian model of endogenous growth. We allow
regulation to enter the specification in a fairly flexible
manner. Our estimates of the model's parameters are then
identified from covariation in some standard sector-specific
data joined with RegData 2.2, which measures the incidence
of regulations on industries based on a text analysis of
federal regulatory code. With the model's parameters fitted
to real data, we confidently conduct counterfactual
experiments on alternative regulatory environments. Our
results show that regulatory restrictions have had a net
effect of dampening economic growth by approximately 0.8
percent per annum since 1980. Had regulation been held
constant at levels observed in 1980, our model predicts that
the economy would have been nearly 25 percent larger by 2012
(i.e., regulatory growth since 1980 cost GDP $4 trillion in
2012, or about $13,000 per capita).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2020.03.004},
Key = {fds325930}
}
@article{fds347330,
Author = {Ferraro, D and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Innovation-led growth in a time of debt},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {121},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.103350},
Abstract = {We study the effects of large reductions in government
budget deficits (labeled “fiscal consolidations”) on
firms’ entry, innovative investments, productivity and per
capita output growth in a model of endogenous technological
change. Due to the absence of lump-sum taxes, temporary
budget deficits set government debt-output ratios on
unsustainable paths. An equilibrium then requires the
specification of a date at which the debt-output ratio is
stabilized at a constant finite value. We discipline
parameters using post-war observations for the U.S. economy.
We find that fiscal consolidations produce persistent growth
slowdowns, permanently lowering the path of per capita
output relative to a benchmark economy in which the fiscal
consolidation is achieved with lump-sum taxes. These output
losses are sizable. In this sense, government debt is a
burden on the economy. Tax-based consolidations produce
output losses that are twice as large as those from
spending-based consolidations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.103350},
Key = {fds347330}
}
@article{fds346851,
Author = {Kane, RF and Peretto, PF},
Title = {More apples vs. better apples: Distribution and
innovation-driven growth},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {185},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2019.104964},
Abstract = {We model distribution, the delivery of goods to customers,
as an activity governed by its own technology and undertaken
by firms subsequently to production. We then use the model
to investigate how distribution shapes innovation-driven
economic growth. We contrast two canonical specifications of
distribution costs, iceberg vs. per-unit. The per-unit cost
implies that factory-specific productivity improvements
cannot sustain steady-state growth. Quality improvement,
instead, raises the services that customers obtain from each
unit of the good so that firms can increase the volume of
services without increasing the volume of shipments. Unless
technological advancements allow the distribution cost to
fall to zero, quantity growth must cease and growth must be
driven by quality improvement. More generally, the ratio of
distribution to manufacturing unit costs must be constant in
steady state. The iceberg cost delivers this property by
assumption. The per-unit distribution cost, instead, yields
an endogenous structure of the costs of serving the
market.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2019.104964},
Key = {fds346851}
}
@article{fds325931,
Author = {Ferraro, D and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Commodity Prices and Growth},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {128},
Number = {616},
Pages = {3242-3265},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12559},
Abstract = {In this article, we propose an endogenous growth model of
commodity-rich economies in which: (i) long-run
(steady-state) growth is endogenous and yet independent of
commodity prices; (ii) commodity prices affect short-run
growth through transitional dynamics; and (iii) the status
of net commodity importer/exporter is endogenous. We argue
that these predictions are consistent with historical
evidence from the 19th to the 21st century.},
Doi = {10.1111/ecoj.12559},
Key = {fds325931}
}
@article{fds335433,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Robust endogenous growth},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {108},
Pages = {49-77},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.06.007},
Abstract = {This paper studies a generalization of the Schumpeterian
models with endogenous market structure that allows the
overall production structure to be more than linear in the
growth-driving factor and yet generates endogenous growth,
defined as steady-state, constant, exponential growth of
income per capita. This version of modern growth theory,
therefore, is robust in the sense that its key result
obtains for a thick set of parameter values instead of, as
often claimed, for a set of measure zero. The paper,
moreover, pays close attention to transitional dynamics,
showing not only the existence but also the global stability
of the endogenous-growth steady state.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.06.007},
Key = {fds335433}
}
@article{fds285736,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {From Smith to Schumpeter: A Theory of Take-Off and
Convergence to Sustained Growth},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {78},
Pages = {1-26},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0014-2921},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.05.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.05.001},
Key = {fds285736}
}
@article{fds320611,
Author = {Suphaphiphat, N and Peretto, PF and Valente, S},
Title = {Endogenous Growth and Property Rights over Renewable
Resources},
Volume = {76},
Number = {C},
Pages = {125-151},
Year = {2015},
Abstract = {We study how different regimes of access rights to renewable
natural resources – namely open access versus full
property rights – affect sustainability, growth and
welfare in the context of modern endogenous growth theory.
Resource exhaustion may occur under both regimes but is more
likely to arise under open access. Moreover, under full
property rights, positive resource rents increase
expenditures on manufacturing goods and temporarily
accelerate productivity growth, but also yield a higher
resource price at least in the short-to-medium run. We
characterize analytically and quantitatively the model׳s
dynamics to assess the welfare implications of differences
in property rights enforcement.},
Key = {fds320611}
}
@article{fds320612,
Author = {Iacopetta, M and Minetti, R and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Financial Markets, Industry Dynamics, and
Growth},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {172},
Pages = {55 pages},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {We study the impact of corporate governance frictions in an
economy where growth is driven both by the foundation of new
firms and by the in-house investment of incumbent firms.
Firms' managers engage in tunneling and empire building
activities. Active shareholders monitor managers, but can
shirk on their monitoring, to the detriment of minority
(passive) shareholders. The analysis reveals that these
conflicts among firms' stakeholders inhibit the entry of new
firms, thereby increasing market concentration. Despite
depressing investment returns in the short run, the
frictions can however lead incumbents to invest more
aggressively in the long run to exploit the concentrated
market structure. By means of quantitative analysis, we
characterize conditions under which corporate governance
reforms boost or reduce welfare.},
Key = {fds320612}
}
@article{fds285738,
Author = {Peretto, P},
Title = {Comments on the paper: "Production process heterogeneity,
time to build, and macroeconomic performance" by M.
Amendola, J. L. Gaffard and F. Saraceno},
Journal = {Revue de l'OFCE},
Volume = {124},
Number = {5},
Pages = {59a-59a},
Publisher = {CAIRN},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1265-9576},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reof.124.0513},
Doi = {10.3917/reof.124.0513},
Key = {fds285738}
}
@article{fds285747,
Author = {Cetorelli, N and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Credit quantity and credit quality: Bank competition and
capital accumulation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {147},
Number = {3},
Pages = {967-998},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2012.01.006},
Abstract = {In this paper we show that bank competition has an
intrinsically ambiguous impact on capital accumulation. We
further show that it is also responsible for the emergence
of development traps in economies that otherwise would be
characterized by unique equilibria. These results explain
the conflicting evidence emerging from the recent empirical
studies of the effects of bank competition on economic
growth. We obtain them developing a dynamic, general
equilibrium model of capital accumulation where banks
operate in a Cournot oligopoly. More banks lead to a higher
quantity of credit available to entrepreneurs, but also to
diminished incentives to offer relationship services that
improve the likelihood of success of investment projects. We
also show that conditioning on one key parameter resolves
the theoretical ambiguity: in economies where intrinsic
market uncertainty is high (low), less (more) competition
leads to higher capital accumulation. © 2012 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2012.01.006},
Key = {fds285747}
}
@article{fds285746,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Resource abundance, growth and welfare: A Schumpeterian
perspective},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {1},
Pages = {142-155},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.12.001},
Abstract = {This paper takes a new look at the long-run implications of
resource abundance. It develops a Schumpeterian model of
endogenous growth that incorporates an upstream
resource-intensive sector and yields an analytical solution
for the transition path. It then derives conditions under
which, as the economy's endowment of a natural resource
rises, (i) growth accelerates and welfare rises, (ii) growth
decelerates but welfare rises nevertheless, and (iii) growth
decelerates and welfare falls. Which of these scenarios
prevails depends on the response of the natural resource
price to an increase in the resource endowment. The price
response determines the change in income earned by the
owners of the resource (the households) and thereby the
change in their expenditure on manufacturing goods. Since
manufacturing is the economy's innovative sector, this
income-to-expenditure effect links resource abundance to the
size of the market for manufacturing goods and drives how
re-source abundance affects incentives to undertake
innovative activity. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.12.001},
Key = {fds285746}
}
@misc{fds325932,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Market Power, Unemployment, and Growth},
Pages = {493-525},
Booktitle = {Frontiers of Economic Growth and Development},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Editor = {de La Grandville and O and Choi, EK},
Year = {2012},
ISBN = {978-1-78052-396-5},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000011024},
Abstract = {I present a model where firms and workers set wages above
the market-clearing level. Unemployment is thus generated by
their exercise of market power. Because both the labor and
product markets are imperfectly competitive, market power in
the labor market interacts with market power in the product
market. This interaction sheds new light on the effects of
policy interventions on unemployment and growth. For
example, labor market reforms that reduce labor costs reduce
unemployment and boost growth because they expand the scale
of the economy and generate more competition in the product
market.},
Doi = {10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000011024},
Key = {fds325932}
}
@article{fds285744,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {The Growth and Welfare Effects of Deficit-Financed Dividend
Tax Cuts},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {43},
Number = {5},
Pages = {835-869},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-2879},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4616.2011.00399.x},
Abstract = {I develop a tractable growth model that allows me to study
analytically transition dynamics and welfare in response to
a deficit-financed cut of the tax rate on distributed
dividends. I then carry out a quantitative assessment of the
Job Growth and Taxpayer Relief Reconciliation Act (JGTRRA)
of 2003. I find that the Act produceslowersteady-state
growth despite the fact that the economy's saving and
employment ratiosrise. Most importantly, it produces a
welfarelossof 19.34% of annual consumption per capita-a
substantial effect driven by the fact that the steady-state
growth rate falls from 2% to 1.08%. © 2011 The Ohio State
University.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1538-4616.2011.00399.x},
Key = {fds285744}
}
@article{fds320613,
Author = {Peretto, PF and Valente, S},
Title = {Growth on a Finite Planet: Resources, Technology and
Population in the Long Run},
Number = {11},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We study the interactions between technological change,
resource scarcity and population dynamics in a Schumpeterian
model with endogenous fertility. There exists a
pseudo-Malthusian equilibrium in which population is
constant and income grows exponentially: the equilibrium
population level is determined by resource scarcity but is
independent of technology. The stability properties are
driven by (i) the income reaction to increased resource
scarcity and (ii) the fertility response to income dynamics.
If labor and resources are substitutes in production, income
and fertility dynamics are self-balancing and the
pseudo-Malthusian equilibrium is the global attractor of the
system. If labor and resources are complements, income and
fertility dynamics are self-reinforcing and drive the
economy towards either demographic explosion or human
extinction. Introducing a minimum resource requirement, we
obtain a second steady state implying constant population
even under complementarity. The standard result of
exponential population growth appears as a rather special
case of our model.},
Key = {fds320613}
}
@article{fds285745,
Author = {Peretto, PF and Valente, S},
Title = {Resources, innovation and growth in the global
economy},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {58},
Number = {4},
Pages = {387-399},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2011.07.001},
Abstract = {The relative performance of open economies is analyzed in an
endogenous growth model with asymmetric trade. A
resource-rich country trades resource-based intermediates
for final goods produced by a resource-poor economy. The
effects of an increase in the resource endowment depend on
the elasticity of substitution between resources and labor
in intermediates' production. Under substitution
(complementarity), the resource boom generates higher
(lower) income, lower (higher) employment in the primary
sector and faster (slower) growth in the resource-rich
economy. In the resource-poor economy, the shock induces a
higher (lower) relative wage and positive (negative) growth
effects that are exclusively due to trade. © 2011 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2011.07.001},
Key = {fds285745}
}
@article{fds285741,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Market power, growth, and unemployment},
Pages = {493-525},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781780523965},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000011024},
Abstract = {I present a model where firms and workers set wages above
the marketclearing level. Unemployment is thus generated by
their exercise of market power. Because both the labor and
product markets are imperfectly competitive, market power in
the labor market interacts with market power in the product
market. This interaction sheds new light on the effects of
policy interventions on unemployment and growth. For
example, labor market reforms that reduce labor costs reduce
unemployment and boost growth because they expand the scale
of the economy and generate more competition in the product
market. © 2011 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000011024},
Key = {fds285741}
}
@article{fds285749,
Author = {Sá, N and Connolly, M and Peretto, P},
Title = {Sustaining the goose that lays the golden egg: A continuous
treatment of technological transfer},
Journal = {Scottish Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {56},
Number = {4},
Pages = {492-507},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0036-9292},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2009.00495.x},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a simple model of the trade-offs
perceived by innovating firms when investing in countries
with limited intellectual property rights (IPR). The model
allows for a continuous treatment of technology transfer and
production cost gains occurring through FDI. While it does
not consider possible changes in rates of innovation caused
by changes in IPR in developing countries, it allows one to
uncover a potentially non-monotonic relationship between
welfare and IPR in the recipient country. © 2009 The
Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Scottish Economic
Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9485.2009.00495.x},
Key = {fds285749}
}
@article{fds285743,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Energy taxes and endogenous technological
change},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {269-283},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.007},
Abstract = {This paper studies the effects of a tax on energy use in a
growth model where market structure is endogenous and
jointly determined with the rate of technological change.
Because this economy does not exhibit the scale effect (a
positive relation between TFP growth and aggregate R&D), the
tax has no effect on the steady-state growth rate. It has,
however, important transitional effects that give rise to
surprising results. Specifically, under the plausible
assumption that energy demand is inelastic, there may exist
a hump-shaped relation between the energy tax and welfare.
This shape stems from the fact that the reallocation of
resources from energy production to manufacturing triggers a
temporary acceleration of TFP growth that generates a
√-shaped time profile of consumption. If endogenous
technological change raises consumption sufficiently fast
and by a sufficient amount in the long run, and households
are sufficiently patient, the tax raises welfare despite the
fact that-in line with standard intuition-it lowers
consumption in the short run. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.007},
Key = {fds285743}
}
@article{fds285742,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Effluent taxes, market structure, and the rate and direction
of endogenous technological change},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-138},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-007-9101-z},
Abstract = {This paper studies the effects of effluent taxes on firms'
allocation of resources to cost-reducing and
emission-reducing R&D, and on entrepreneurs' decisions to
develop new goods and enter the market. A tax set at an
exogenous rate that does not depend on the state of
technology reduces growth, the level of consumption of each
good, and raises the number of firms. The induced increase
in the variety of goods is a benefit not considered in
previous analyses. In terms of environmental benefits, the
tax induces a positive rate of pollution abatement that
offsets the "dirty" side of economic growth. A tax set at an
endogenous rate that holds constant the tax burden per unit
of output, in contrast, has ambiguous effects on growth, the
scale of activity of each firm and the number of firms.
Besides being novel, the potential positive growth effect of
this type of effluent tax is precisely what makes this
instrument effective for welfare-maximizing purposes. The
socially optimal policy, in fact, requires the tax burden
per unit of output to equal the marginal rate of
substitution between the growth rate of consumption and
abatement. Moreover, a tax/subsidy on entry is needed,
depending on whether the contribution of product variety to
pollution dominates consumers' love of variety. © 2007
Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-007-9101-z},
Key = {fds285742}
}
@article{fds285748,
Author = {Peretto, PF and Connolly, M},
Title = {The Manhattan metaphor},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {329-350},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1381-4338},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10887-007-9023-1},
Abstract = {Fixed operating costs draw a sharp distinction between
endogenous growth based on horizontal and vertical
innovation: a larger number of product lines puts pressure
on an economy's resources; greater productivity of existing
product lines does not. Consequently, the only plausible
engine of endogenous growth is vertical innovation whereby
progress along the quality or cost ladder does not require
the replication of fixed costs. Is, then, product variety
expansion irrelevant? No. The two dimensions of technology
are complementary in that using one and the other produces a
more comprehensive theory of economic growth. The vertical
dimension allows endogenous growth unconstrained by
endowments, the horizontal provides the mechanism that
translates changes in aggregate variables into changes in
product-level variables, which ultimately drive incentives
to push the technological frontier in the vertical
dimension. We show that the potential for exponential growth
due to an externality that makes entry costs fall linearly
with the number of products, combined with the limited
carrying capacity of the system due to fixed operating
costs, yields logistic dynamics for the number of products.
This desirable property allows us to provide a closed-form
solution for the model's transition path and thereby derive
analytically the welfare effects of changes in parameters
and policy variables. Our Manhattan Metaphor illustrates
conceptually why we obtain this mathematical representation
when we simply add fixed operating costs to the standard
modeling of variety expansion. © Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC 2007.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10887-007-9023-1},
Key = {fds285748}
}
@article{fds285751,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Schumpeterian growth with productive public spending and
distortionary taxation},
Journal = {Review of Development Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {699-722},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1363-6669},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2007.00425.x},
Abstract = {Schumpeterian growth theory eliminates the scale effect by
positing a process of development of new product lines that
fragments the aggregate market in submarkets whose size does
not increase with population or the size of the workforce.
This entails the sterilization of the growth effects of
selected fiscal variables. This insight is applied to shed
new light on the role of distortionary taxes on consumption,
household labor and assets income, corporate income, and of
productive public spending. The framework allows the
identification of which of these fiscal variables have
permanent (steady-state) growth effects, and which ones have
only transitory effects. It also allows the transitional
dynamics to be solved analytically and thus the analysis of
the welfare effects of revenue-neutral changes in tax
structure. It is found that replacing taxes that distort
labor supply with taxes that distort saving/investment
choices raises welfare, and the intuition behind this
surprising result is discussed. © 2007 The Author; Journal
compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9361.2007.00425.x},
Key = {fds285751}
}
@article{fds285764,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Corporate taxes, growth and welfare in a Schumpeterian
economy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {137},
Number = {1},
Pages = {353-382},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1939 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {I take a new look at the long-run implications of taxation
through the lens of modern Schumpeterian growth theory. I
focus on the latest vintage of models that sterilize the
scale effect through a process of product proliferation that
fragments the aggregate market into submarkets whose size
does not increase with the size of the workforce. I show
that the following interventions raise welfare: (a) granting
full expensibility of R&D to incorporated firms; (b)
eliminating the corporate income tax and/or the capital
gains tax; (c) reducing taxes on labor and/or consumption.
What makes these results remarkable is that in all three
cases the endogenous increase in the tax on dividends
necessary to balance the budget has a positive effect on
growth. A general implication of my analysis is that
corporate taxation plays a special role in Schumpeterian
economies and provides novel insights on how to design
welfare-enhancing tax reforms. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2006.11.005},
Key = {fds285764}
}
@article{fds285750,
Author = {Laincz, CA and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Scale effects in endogenous growth theory: An error of
aggregation not specification},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {263-288},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1381-4338},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10887-006-9004-9},
Abstract = {Modern Schumpeterian growth theory focuses on the product
line as the main locus of innovation and exploits endogenous
product proliferation to sterilize the scale effect. The
empirical core of this theory consists of two claims: (i)
growth depends on average employment (i.e., employment per
product line); (ii) average employment is scale invariant.
We show that data on employment, RandD personnel, and the
number of establishments in the US for the period 1964-2001
provide strong support for these claims. While employment
and the total number of R&D workers increase with no
apparent matching change in the long-run trend of
productivity growth, employment and RandD employment per
establishment exhibit no long-run trend. We also document
that the number of establishments, employment and population
exhibit a positive trend, while the ratio
employment/establishment does not. Finally, we provide
results of time series tests consistent with the predictions
of these models. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10887-006-9004-9},
Key = {fds285750}
}
@article{fds15968,
Author = {P. Peretto},
Title = {Effluent Taxes, Market Structure and the Rate and Direction
of Endogenous Technological Change},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds15968}
}
@article{fds53015,
Author = {P. Peretto},
Title = {A Schumpeterian Analysis of Deficit-Financed Dividend Tax
Cuts},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds53015}
}
@article{fds53013,
Author = {P. Peretto},
Title = {Energy Taxes and Endogenous Technological
Change},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds53013}
}
@article{fds53016,
Author = {P. Peretto},
Title = {The Employment (and Output) of Nations: Theory and Policy
Implications},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds53016}
}
@article{fds53017,
Author = {P. Peretto (with Michelle Connolly)},
Title = {The Manhattan Metaphor},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds53017}
}
@article{fds285765,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Fiscal policy and long-run growth in R&D-based models
with endogenous market structure},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {325-347},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026288415768},
Abstract = {This paper shows that in a model of endogenous growth that
does not exhibit the scale effect, taxes on consumption and
labor income and the level and composition of public
expenditure have no effect on steady-state growth. The only
fiscal instruments that affect steady-state growth are taxes
on asset and corporate income. In line with standard
intuition, tax rates and public expenditure have level
effects on income per capita. These results emphasize that
although growth is endogenous, in the sense that it is
determined by the model and it is subject to policy action,
instruments that work by changing market size do not affect
it. Effective growth-enhancing policies operate through the
interest rate. © 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1026288415768},
Key = {fds285765}
}
@article{fds285757,
Author = {Connolly, M and Peretto, PF},
Title = {Industry and the family: Two engines of growth},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {115-148},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022864901652},
Abstract = {We generalize the class of endogenous growth models in which
the scale of the economy has level rather than growth
effects, and study the implications of different demographic
and technological factors when both fertility choice and
research effort are endogenous. The model incorporates two
dimensions of technological progress: vertical (quality of
goods) and horizontal (variety of goods). Both dimensions
contribute to productivity growth but are driven by
different processes and hence respond differently to changes
in fundamentals. Specifically, while unbounded vertical
progress is feasible, the scale of the economy limits the
variety of goods. Incorporating a linearity in reproduction
generates steady-state population growth and variety
expansion. We thus have two engines of growth generating
dynamics that we compare with observed changes in
demographics, market structure, and patterns of growth.
Numerical solutions yield the important insight that, while
endogenous, fertility responds very little to industrial
policies. Demographic shocks, in contrast, have substantial
effects on growth. © 2003 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1022864901652},
Key = {fds285757}
}
@article{fds285756,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Endogenous market structure and the growth and welfare
effects of economic integration},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {177-201},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(02)00025-9},
Abstract = {This paper studies the growth and welfare effects of
integration in a world economy populated by global
oligopolists. In economies that move from autarky to trade,
growth and welfare rise because exit of domestic firms is
more than compensated by entry of foreign firms so that
integration generates a larger, more competitive market
where firms have access to a larger body of technological
spillovers that support faster growth. The effects of a
gradual reduction of tariffs are different because economies
start out from a situation where all firms already serve all
markets. In this case, the global number of firms falls so
that the variety of consumption goods and the diversity of
innovation paths fall. The surviving firms, on the other
hand, are larger and exploit static and dynamic economies of
scale to a larger degree. These homogenization and
rationalization effects work in opposite directions. Under
plausible conditions, the rationalization effect dominates
and growth and welfare rise. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0022-1996(02)00025-9},
Key = {fds285756}
}
@article{fds15969,
Author = {P. Peretto},
Title = {Market Power, Unemployment and Growth},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15969}
}
@article{fds15971,
Author = {P. Peretto (with N. Cetorelli)},
Title = {Oligopoly Banking and Capital Accumulation},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds15971}
}
@article{fds285755,
Author = {Peretto, P and Smulders, S},
Title = {Technological distance, growth and scale
effects},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {112},
Number = {481},
Pages = {603-624},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00732},
Abstract = {We present an endogenous growth model in which the scale
effect may be positive or negative but vanishes
asymptotically. The mechanism behind this result provides a
microfoundation for models that exploit the interaction of
growth and market structure to remove the scale effect. When
more firms are active, the economy is more specialised in
that firms are less likely to work on related problems. This
increase in technological distance reduces the spillovers
between firms. A larger economy with more firms accumulates
more knowledge. However, the spillovers that benefit a firm
do not necessarily increase because of the differentiation
of the knowledge stock.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0297.00732},
Key = {fds285755}
}
@article{fds285754,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Firm size, rivalry and the extent of the market in
endogenous technological change},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1747-1773},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00038-5},
Abstract = {Evidence shows that firms build their market position by
accumulating knowledge protected by secrecy, patents and
other appropriation devices. I explore the implications of
this fact in a model economy where oligopolistic firms
establish in-house R and D programs. In symmetric
equilibrium, the number of firms determines concentration
and firm size. These determine the scale and the efficiency
of R and D operations and the rate of innovation. The number
of firms, moreover, is endogenous and determined jointly
with the rate of growth by the zero-profit condition. This
property yields new results. For example, the scale effect
of population size may be negative. The market allocation of
resources is not Pareto optimal. I discuss the nature of
this distortion.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00038-5},
Key = {fds285754}
}
@article{fds285753,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Industrial development, technological change, and long-run
growth},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {389-417},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3878(99)00018-8},
Abstract = {To account for the qualitative differences between developed
and developing countries, this paper argues that the
expensive in-house R and D that manufacturing firms
undertake in advanced industrial economies cannot be
supported in countries that are in the early stage of
industrialization and do not have sufficiently large markets
for manufacturing goods. Such economies grow as standard
development models predict: by accumulating physical and
human capital and increasing specialization by industry.
Only at sufficiently high levels of development there are
incentives for systematic R and D efforts. As a result,
economies go through an industrial life cycle as they move
from initial backwardness to industrial maturity. In other
words, development and growth are stages of a process of
structural transformation characterized by changing patterns
of capital accumulation, specialization by industry, and
technological change.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-3878(99)00018-8},
Key = {fds285753}
}
@article{fds285752,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Cost reduction, entry, and the interdependence of market
structure and economic growth},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {173-195},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3932(98)00040-3},
Abstract = {I study the joint determination of market structure and
growth in an oligopolistic economy. Firms run in-house R&D
programs to produce over time a continuous flow of
cost-reducing innovations. In symmetric equilibrium, the
relation between market structure and growth has two
aspects. First, a larger number of firms induces
fragmentation of the market and dispersion of R&D resources.
This prevents exploitation of scale economies internal to
the firm and slows down growth. Second, the number of firms
changes with market and technology conditions and is
endogenous. In particular, R&D spending is a fixed cost and
there is a negative feed-back of the rate of growth on the
number of firms. The explicit consideration of the
interdependence of market structure and growth identifies a
fundamental trade-off between growth and variety that
produces interesting results. For example, the scale effect
is bounded from above and converges to zero when the number
of firms is large. Moreover, the market grows too little and
supplies too much variety. The inefficiency is not due to
technological externalities but to oligopolistic pricing and
the interaction between R&D and entry decisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-3932(98)00040-3},
Key = {fds285752}
}
@article{fds285758,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Technological change and population growth},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {283-311},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1381-4338},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009799405456},
Abstract = {What is the relationship between the rate of population
growth and the rate of technological change? To answer this
question, I discuss a model where increasing returns
generate long-run growth but where the scale effect is
absent. More precisely, the model predicts that steady-state
productivity growth does not depend on population size
because an increase in population size leads to entry. The
resulting crowding-in effect generates dispersion of R&D
resources across firms and offsets the positive effect of
the scale of the economy on the returns to R&D. Changes in
population size have only transitory effects on productivity
growth. This desirable property allows me to introduce
population growth in the model and study the effects of
demographic shocks. The predicted patterns of growth, entry,
and change in industrial structure match the experience of
several industrialized countries. In addition, they match
several of the empirical observations cited as evidence
against standard models of endogenous technological change.
© 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1009799405456},
Key = {fds285758}
}
@article{fds285763,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Technological change, market rivalry, and the evolution of
the capitalist engine of growth},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Growth},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-80},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1381-4338},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009722031825},
Abstract = {In the early stages of Western industrialization, innovation
was the domain of individuals who devoted their
entrepreneurial talents to the development of a new product
or process, typically setting up a new firm in order to take
the innovation to the market. Today, commercial R&D is
almost exclusively carried out by corporate laboratories
affiliated with manufacturing firms. The corporate R&D lab,
however, did not exist in its modern form until the late
nineteenth century. The history of Western
industrialization, thus, suggests that a fundamental change
in the structure of incentives, and consequently in the
nature and the organization of the R&D process, occurred
around the turn of the century. Three questions arise. What
is the nature of this change? What economic forces caused
it? What are its implications? To answer these questions, I
construct a model where this change is endogenous to the
evolution of the economy toward industrial maturity. The
change in the locus of innovation - from R&D undertaken by
intventor-entrepreneurs, to R&D undertaken within
established firms in close proximity to the production line
- results from the interaction of market structure and
technological change. This interaction captures the essence
of the evolution of the capitalist engine of growth and
provides an economic explanation of a "stylized fact" that
has received no attention in the theoretical literature. The
endogenous market structure generates dynamic feedbacks that
shape the growth path of the economy and determine the
structural change it undergoes, including the endogenous
formation of corporate R&D labs. The evolution of market
rivalry explains when and how established firms become the
major locus of R&D activity. © 1998 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1009722031825},
Key = {fds285763}
}
@misc{fds325933,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Variety, Spillovers and Market Structure in a Model of
Endogenous Technological Change},
Pages = {338-366},
Booktitle = {Increasing Returns and Economic Analysis},
Publisher = {Macmillan Press Ltd},
Editor = {Arrow, KJ and Ng, YK and Yang, X},
Year = {1998},
ISBN = {978-1-349-26257-1},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26255-7_21},
Abstract = {Growth theorists have produced a number of interesting
models investigating the idea that technological progress,
the engine of growth in income per capita, is endogenous to
the economic system and driven by market forces. These
models are radically different from the traditional theory
of economic growth based on capital accumulation and
emphasize the incentives for profit-seeking agents to
undertake R&D aimed at developing new products and
processes, or incrementally improving old ones. In
particular, infinitely lived and perfectly enforceable
patents generate local monopolies by assigning to the
innovator the exclusive right to manufacture and sell the
new good.1 The emphasis on the non-rivalry of knowledge and
the patent law makes clear that imperfect markets and
monopoly power are necessary for profit-seeking agents to
undertake R&D and innovation. However, these models focus
exclusively on monopolistic competition to describe market
structure and firms’ behaviour. In addition, the emphasis
on the patent market and free entry in R&D neglects the fact
that most innovations are carried out by established
producers. As a consequence, these models neglect the
central role of the oligopolistic corporation and its
in-house integration of manufacturing and R&D. Thus, the
theory does not address those components of the market
structure, like concentration, firm size and market rivalry,
emphasized by Schumpeter (1942) as key determinants of the
R&D activity of profit-seeking firms.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-1-349-26255-7_21},
Key = {fds325933}
}
@article{fds285762,
Author = {Malerba, F and Orsenigo, L and Peretto, P},
Title = {Persistence of innovative activities, sectoral patterns of
innovation and international technological
specialization},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {801-826},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7187(97)00012-x},
Abstract = {In this paper, we focus on the role of persistence and
heterogeneity of innovative activities at the level of the
firm in determining the patterns of technological change in
different industries and countries. We ask: are persistence
and heterogeneity associated with higher degrees of
concentration in innovative activities, stability in the
ranking of innovators, and lower degrees of entry and exit
in the population of innovators? Or, do the patterns of
innovation depend on other variables like firm size and
industrial concentration? Moreover, what are the
relationships between the patterns of innovative activities,
their determinants, and the technological specialization of
countries? We compute indicators of persistence and
heterogeneity using the OTAF-SPRU patent database at the
firm level for five European countries over the period
1969-1986 for 33 technological classes. Then, we estimate
the relationships between our indicators of the sectoral
patterns of innovative activities and international
technological specialization on the one hand, and our
indicators of persistence, heterogeneity and market
structure on the other. Results show that persistence and
asymmetries are important (and strongly related) phenomena
that affect the patterns of innovative activities across
countries and sectors, while the role of market structure
variables is less clear. Finally, international
technological specialization is associated to a competitive
core of persistent innovators. © 1997 Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-7187(97)00012-x},
Key = {fds285762}
}
@article{fds285761,
Author = {Peretto, PF},
Title = {Sunk costs, market structure, and growth},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {895-923},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2527316},
Abstract = {I present a model of endogenous innovation where firms
undertake in-house research and development (R&D). The
concentration of sales and R&D resources determines the
scale and efficiency of R&D operations and rate of
productivity growth. In zero-profit equilibrium, R&D
expenditure is one component of total fixed costs and
determines the number of active firms. This feedback
generates interdependent pricing, investment, and entry/exit
decisions. The (jointly determined) rate of growth and
number of firms supported in general equilibrium define the
economy's balanced growth path. Multiple equilibria exist,
and firms' expectations about rivalry determine the
economy's performance.},
Doi = {10.2307/2527316},
Key = {fds285761}
}
@article{fds285760,
Author = {Peretto, P and Malerba, F and Heimler, A},
Title = {Sources, Appropriability and Directions of Technological
Change: USA and Italy},
Journal = {Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review},
Year = {1993},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds285760}
}
@article{fds285759,
Author = {Peretto, P},
Title = {Technoloy, Learning Opportunity and Internaitonal
Competitiveness: Some Empirical Evidence with Panel
Data},
Journal = {Giornale degli Economisti},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds285759}
}
%% Petters, Arlie O.
@article{fds345671,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Magnification cross sections for the elliptic umbilic
caustic surface},
Journal = {Universe},
Volume = {5},
Number = {7},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5070161},
Abstract = {© 2019 by the authors. In gravitational lensing,
magnification cross sections characterize the probability
that a light source will have magnification greater than
some fixed value, which is useful in a variety of
applications. The (area) cross section is known to scale as
µ−2 for fold caustics and µ−2.5 for cusp caustics. We
aim to extend the results to higher-order caustic
singularities, focusing on the elliptic umbilic, which can
be manifested in lensing systems with two or three galaxies.
The elliptic umbilic has a caustic surface, and we show that
the volume cross section scales as µ−2.5 in the two-image
region and µ−2 in the four-image region, where µ is the
total unsigned magnification. In both cases our results are
supported both numerically and analytically.},
Doi = {10.3390/universe5070161},
Key = {fds345671}
}
@book{fds15387,
Author = {A. O. Petters and M. C. Werner},
Title = {Gravitational Lensing and Black Holes},
Publisher = {Springer, in preparation},
Year = {2017},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds15387}
}
@book{fds51036,
Author = {A. O. Petters and X. Dong},
Title = {An Introduction to Mathematical Finance: Understanding and
Building Financial Intuition},
Series = {SUMAT},
Publisher = {Springer, in preparation},
Year = {2016},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds51036}
}
@book{fds347545,
Author = {Petters, AO and Dong, X},
Title = {An Introduction to Mathematical Finance with Applications
Understanding and Building Financial Intuition},
Pages = {483 pages},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {1493937812},
Abstract = {Moreover, the text is useful for mathematicians, physicists,
and engineers who want to learn finance via an approach that
builds their financial intuition and is explicit about model
building, as well as business school students who want a
...},
Key = {fds347545}
}
@article{fds243976,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Lensing by Kerr black holes. II: Analytical study of
quasi-equatorial lensing observables},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {10},
Pages = {102501-102501},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3642616},
Abstract = {In this second paper, we develop an analytical theory of
quasi-equatorial lensing by Kerr black holes. In this
setting we solve perturbatively our general lens equation
with displacement given in Paper I, going beyond
weak-deflection Kerr lensing to third order in our expansion
parameter ε, which is the ratio of the angular
gravitational radius to the angular Einstein radius. We
obtain new formulas and results for the bending angle, image
positions, image magnifications, total unsigned
magnification, and centroid, all to third order in ε and
including the displacement. New results on the time delay
between images are also given to second order in ε, again
including displacement. For all lensing observables we show
that the displacement begins to appear only at second order
in ε. When there is no spin, we obtain new results on the
lensing observables for Schwarzschild lensing with
displacement. © 2011 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3642616},
Key = {fds243976}
}
@article{fds243978,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Lensing by Kerr black holes. I. General lens equation and
magnification formula},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {9},
Pages = {092502-092502},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3642614},
Abstract = {We develop a unified, analytic framework for gravitational
lensing by Kerr black holes. In this first paper, we present
a new, general lens equation and magnification formula
governing lensing by a compact object. Our lens equation
assumes that the source and observer are in the
asymptotically flat region and does not require a small
angle approximation. Furthermore, it takes into account the
displacement that occurs when the light ray's tangent lines
at the source and observer do not meet on the lens plane. We
then explore our lens equation in the case when the compact
object is a Kerr black hole. Specifically, we give an
explicit expression for the displacement when the observer
is in the equatorial plane of the Kerr black hole as well as
for the case of spherical symmetry. © 2011 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3642614},
Key = {fds243978}
}
@article{fds243977,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Petters, AO and Rabin, JM},
Title = {Orbifolds, the A, D, E family of caustic singularities, and
gravitational lensing},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {022501-022501},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3545578},
Abstract = {We provide a geometric explanation for the existence of
magnification relations for the An(n = 2), Dn(n = 4), E6,
E7, E8 family of caustic singularities, which were
established in recent work. In particular, it was shown that
for families of general mappings between planes exhibiting
any of these caustic singularities, and for any noncaustic
target point, the total signed magnification of the
corresponding preimages vanishes. As an application to
gravitational lensing, it was also shown that, independent
of the choice of a lens model, the total signed
magnification vanishes for a light source anywhere in the
four-image region close to elliptic and hyperbolic umbilic
caustics. This is a more global and higher order analog of
the well-known fold and cusp magnification relations. We now
extend each of these mappings to weighted projective space,
which is a compact orbifold, and show that magnification
relations translate into a statement about the behavior of
these extended mappings at infinity. This generalizes
multidimensional residue techniques developed in previous
work, and introduces weighted projective space as a new tool
in the theory of caustic singularities and gravitational
lensing. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3545578},
Key = {fds243977}
}
@article{fds243975,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Gravity's action on light},
Journal = {Notices of the American Mathematical Society},
Volume = {57},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1392-1409},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-9920},
Key = {fds243975}
}
@article{fds243979,
Author = {Petters, AO and Werner, MC},
Title = {Mathematics of gravitational lensing: Multiple imaging and
magnification},
Journal = {General Relativity and Gravitation},
Volume = {42},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2011-2046},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0001-7701},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10714-010-0968-6},
Abstract = {The mathematical theory of gravitational lensing has
revealed many generic and global properties. Beginning with
multiple imaging, we review Morse-theoretic image counting
formulas and lower bound results, and complex-algebraic
upper bounds in the case of single and multiple lens planes.
We discuss recent advances in the mathematics of stochastic
lensing, discussing a general formula for the global
expected number of minimum lensed images as well as
asymptotic formulas for the probability densities of the
microlensing random time delay functions, random lensing
maps, and random shear, and an asymptotic expression for the
global expected number of micro-minima. Multiple imaging in
optical geometry and a spacetime setting are treated. We
review global magnification relation results for
model-dependent scenarios and cover recent developments on
universal local magnification relations for higher order
caustics. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10714-010-0968-6},
Key = {fds243979}
}
@article{fds243983,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Petters, AO},
Title = {A universal magnification theorem. III. Caustics beyond
codimension 5},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {082501},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3271043},
Abstract = {In the final paper of this series, we extend our results on
magnification invariants to the infinite family of A
n(n≥2), D n(n≥4), E 6, E 7, E 8 caustic singularities.
We prove that for families of general mappings between
planes exhibiting any caustic singularity of the A n(n≥2),
D n(n≥4), E 6, E 7, E 8 family, and for a point in the
target space lying anywhere in the region giving rise to the
maximum number of lensed images (real preimages), the total
signed magnification of the lensed images will always sum to
zero. The proof is algebraic in nature and relies on the
Euler trace formula. © 2010 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3271043},
Key = {fds243983}
}
@article{fds243980,
Author = {Petters, AO and Rider, B and Teguia, AM},
Title = {A mathematical theory of stochastic microlensing. II. Random
images, shear, and the Kac-Rice formula},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {12},
Pages = {122501-122501},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3370 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Continuing our development of a mathematical theory of
stochastic microlensing, we study the random shear and
expected number of random lensed images of different types.
In particular, we characterize the first three leading terms
in the asymptotic expression of the joint probability
density function (pdf) of the random shear tensor due to
point masses in the limit of an infinite number of stars. Up
to this order, the pdf depends on the magnitude of the shear
tensor, the optical depth, and the mean number of stars
through a combination of radial position and the star's
mass. As a consequence, the pdf's of the shear components
are seen to converge, in the limit of an infinite number of
stars, to shifted Cauchy distributions, which shows that the
shear components have heavy tails in that limit. The
asymptotic pdf of the shear magnitude in the limit of an
infinite number of stars is also presented. All the results
on the random microlensing shear are given for a general
point in the lens plane. Extending to the general random
distributions (not necessarily uniform) of the lenses, we
employ the Kac-Rice formula and Morse theory to deduce
general formulas for the expected total number of images and
the expected number of saddle images. We further generalize
these results by considering random sources defined on a
countable compact covering of the light source plane. This
is done to introduce the notion of global expected number of
positive parity images due to a general lensing map.
Applying the result to microlensing, we calculate the
asymptotic global expected number of minimum images in the
limit of an infinite number of stars, where the stars are
uniformly distributed. This global expectation is bounded,
while the global expected number of images and the global
expected number of saddle images diverge as the order of the
number of stars. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3267859},
Key = {fds243980}
}
@article{fds243981,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Petters, AO},
Title = {A universal magnification theorem. II. Generic caustics up
to codimension five},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {8},
Pages = {023503},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3308 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We prove a theorem about magnification relations for all
generic general caustic singularities up to codimension
five: folds, cusps, swallowtail, elliptic umbilic,
hyperbolic umbilic, butterfly, parabolic umbilic, wigwam,
symbolic umbilic, second elliptic umbilic, and second
hyperbolic umbilic. Specifically, we prove that for a
generic family of general mappings between planes exhibiting
any of these singularities, and for a point in the target
lying anywhere in the region giving rise to the maximum
number of real preimages (lensed images), the total signed
magnification of the preimages will always sum to zero. The
proof is algebraic in nature and makes repeated use of the
Euler trace formula. We also prove a general algebraic
result about polynomials, which we show yields an
interesting corollary about Newton sums that in turn readily
implies the Euler trace formula. The wide field imaging
surveys slated to be conducted by the Large Synoptic Survey
Telescope are expected to find observational evidence for
many of these higher-order caustic singularities. Finally,
since the results of the paper are for generic general
mappings, not just generic lensing maps, the findings are
expected to be applicable not only to gravitational lensing
but also to any system in which these singularities appear.
© 2009 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3179163},
Key = {fds243981}
}
@article{fds243982,
Author = {Petters, AO and Rider, B and Teguia, AM},
Title = {A mathematical theory of stochastic microlensing. I. Random
time delay functions and lensing maps},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {7},
Pages = {072503-072503},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3158854},
Abstract = {Stochastic microlensing is a central tool in probing dark
matter on galactic scales. From first principles, we
initiate the development of a mathematical theory of
stochastic microlensing. Beginning with the random time
delay function and associated lensing map, we determine
exact expressions for the mean and variance of these
transformations. In addition, we derive the probability
density function (pdf) of a random point-mass potential,
which form the constituent of a stochastic microlens
potential. We characterize the exact pdf of a normalized
random time delay function at the origin, showing that it is
a shifted gamma distribution, which also holds at leading
order in the limit of a large number of point masses if the
normalized time delay function was at a general point of the
lens plane. For the large number of point-mass limit, we
also prove that the asymptotic pdf of the random lensing map
under a specified scaling converges to a bivariate normal
distribution. We show analytically that the pdf of the
random scaled lensing map at leading order depends on the
magnitude of the scaled bending angle due purely to point
masses as well as demonstrate explicitly how this radial
symmetry is broken at the next order. Interestingly, we
found at leading order a formula linking the expectation and
variance of the normalized random time delay function to the
first Betti number of its domain. We also determine an
asymptotic pdf for the random bending angle vector and find
an integral expression for the probability of a lens plane
point being near a fixed point. Lastly, we show explicitly
how the results are affected by location in the lens plane.
The results of this paper are relevant to the theory of
random fields and provide a platform for further
generalizations as well as analytical limits for checking
astrophysical studies of stochastic microlensing. © 2009
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3158854},
Key = {fds243982}
}
@article{fds243984,
Author = {Aazami, AB and Petters, AO},
Title = {A universal magnification theorem for higher-order caustic
singularities},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {3},
Pages = {032501-032501},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0811.3447},
Abstract = {We prove that, independent of the choice of a lens model,
the total signed magnification always sums to zero for a
source anywhere in the four-image region close to
swallowtail, elliptic umbilic, and hyperbolic umbilic
caustics. This is a more global and higher-order analog of
the well-known fold and cusp magnification relations, in
which the total signed magnifications in the two-image
region of the fold and the three-image region of the cusp
are both always zero. As an application, we construct a
lensing observable for the hyperbolic umbilic magnification
relation and compare it with the corresponding observables
for the cusp and fold relations using a singular isothermal
ellipsoid lens. We demonstrate the greater generality of the
hyperbolic umbilic magnification relation by showing how it
applies to the fold image doublets and cusp image triplets
and extends to image configurations that are neither. We
show that the results are applicable to the study of
substructure on galactic scales using observed quadruple
images of lensed quasars. The magnification relations are
also proven for generic one-parameter families of mappings
between planes, extending their potential range of
applicability beyond lensing. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3081055},
Key = {fds243984}
}
@article{fds243965,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Testing theories of gravity with black hole
lensing},
Journal = {11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on Recent Developments in
Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation
and Relativistic Field Theories Proc. of the Mg11 Meeting on
General Relativity},
Pages = {1719-1721},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812834300_0236},
Abstract = {The gravitational deflection of light provided one of the
first observational confirmations of general relativity. Now
we are considering how gravitational lensing can provide
novel tests of Einstein's theory, and intriguing
alternatives. We have developed a comprehensive analytical
framework for lensing by black holes, and made concrete
predictions that are testable with existing or planned
instruments. Two examples: (1) In parametrized
post-Newtonian models, there are universal relations among
lensing observables. Observed violations of these relations
would falsify all PPN models in one fell swoop. (2) In
braneworld gravity, there could be many primordial black
holes in our Solar System that would produce interference
fringes in the energy spectra of gamma ray bursts, which
could be detected with the GLAST satellite starting in 2007.
© 2008 World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte.
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789812834300_0236},
Key = {fds243965}
}
@article{fds243997,
Author = {Iyer, SV and Petters, AO},
Title = {Light's bending angle due to black holes: From the photon
sphere to infinity},
Journal = {General Relativity and Gravitation},
Volume = {39},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1563-1582},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0001-7701},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/gr-qc/0611086},
Abstract = {The bending angle of light is a central quantity in the
theory of gravitational lensing. We develop an analytical
perturbation framework for calculating the bending angle of
light rays lensed by a Schwarzschild black hole. Using a
perturbation parameter given in terms of the gravitational
radius of the black hole and the light ray's impact
parameter, we determine an invariant series for the
strong-deflection bending angle that extends beyond the
standard logarithmic deflection term used in the literature.
In the process, we discovered an improvement to the standard
logarithmic deflection term. Our perturbation framework is
also used to derive as a consistency check, the recently
found weak deflection bending angle series. We also
reformulate the latter series in terms of a more natural
invariant perturbation parameter, one that smoothly
transitions between the weak and strong deflection series.
We then compare our invariant strong deflection
bending-angle series with the numerically integrated exact
formal bending angle expression, and find less than 1%
discrepancy for light rays as far out as twice the critical
impact parameter. The paper concludes by showing that the
strong and weak deflection bending angle series together
provide an approximation that is within 1% of the exact
bending angle value for light rays traversing anywhere
between the photon sphere and infinity. © 2007 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10714-007-0481-8},
Key = {fds243997}
}
@article{fds243996,
Author = {Werner, MC and Petters, AO},
Title = {Magnification relations for Kerr lensing and testing cosmic
censorship},
Journal = {Physical Review D},
Volume = {76},
Number = {6},
Pages = {064024},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1550-7998},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/0706.0132},
Abstract = {A Kerr black hole with mass parameter m and angular momentum
parameter a acting as a gravitational lens gives rise to two
images in the weak field limit. We study the corresponding
magnification relations, namely, the signed and absolute
magnification sums and the centroid up to post-Newtonian
order. We show that there are post-Newtonian corrections to
the total absolute magnification and centroid proportional
to a/m, which is in contrast to the spherically symmetric
case where such corrections vanish. Hence we also propose a
new set of lensing observables for the two images involving
these corrections, which should allow measuring a/m with
gravitational lensing. In fact, the resolution capabilities
needed to observe this for the Galactic black hole should in
principle be accessible to current and near-future
instrumentation. Since a/m>1 indicates a naked singularity,
a most interesting application would be a test of the cosmic
censorship conjecture. The technique used to derive the
image properties is based on the degeneracy of the Kerr lens
and a suitably displaced Schwarzschild lens at
post-Newtonian order. A simple physical explanation for this
degeneracy is also given. © 2007 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.76.064024},
Key = {fds243996}
}
@book{fds70670,
Author = {A.O. Petters},
Title = {Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry: Student and Teacher
Editions},
Publisher = {BRC, Benque-Belize},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds70670}
}
@book{fds70667,
Author = {A.O. Petters},
Title = {Scientific Reasoning: Student and Teacher
Editions},
Publisher = {BRC, Benque-Belize},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds70667}
}
@book{fds70668,
Author = {A.O. Petters},
Title = {PSE Mathematics: Student and Teacher Editions},
Publisher = {BRC, Benque-Belize},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70668}
}
@book{fds347546,
Author = {Petters, A},
Title = {PSE Mathematics},
Publisher = {BRC Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds347546}
}
@book{fds347547,
Author = {Petters, A},
Title = {Algebra, Geometry, and Trignonometry},
Publisher = {BRC Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds347547}
}
@book{fds347548,
Author = {Petters, A},
Title = {Scientific Reasoning},
Publisher = {BRC Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds347548}
}
@article{fds157981,
Author = {C. Keeton and A.O. Petters},
Title = {Testing Theories of Gravity with Black Hole
Lensing},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General
Relativity, ed. R. Ruffini},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds157981}
}
@article{fds243985,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by
compact objects. III. Braneworld gravity},
Journal = {Physical Review D},
Volume = {73},
Number = {10},
Pages = {104032},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1550-7998},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/gr-qc/0603061},
Abstract = {Braneworld gravity is a model that endows physical space
with an extra dimension. In the type II Randall-Sundrum
braneworld gravity model, the extra dimension modifies the
spacetime geometry around black holes, and changes
predictions for the formation and survival of primordial
black holes. We develop a comprehensive analytical formalism
for far-field black hole lensing in this model, using
invariant quantities to compute all the geometric optics
lensing observables: bending angle, image position,
magnification, centroid, and time delay. We then make the
first analysis of wave optics in braneworld lensing, working
in the semiclassical limit. Through quantitative examples we
show that wave optics offers the only realistic way to
observe braneworld effects in black hole lensing. We point
out that if primordial braneworld black holes exist, have
mass M•, and contribute a fraction fbh of the dark matter,
then roughly ∼3×105×fbh(M•/10-18M)-1 of them lie
within our Solar System. These objects, which we call
"attolenses," would produce interference fringes in the
energy spectra of gamma-ray bursts at energies
E∼100(M•/10-18M)-1MeV (which will soon be accessible
with the GLAST satellite). Primordial braneworld black holes
spread throughout the Universe could produce similar
interference effects. If they contribute a fraction Ω• of
the total energy density, the probability that gamma-ray
bursts are "attolensed" is at least ∼0.1Ω•. If
observed, attolensing interference fringes would yield a
simple upper limit on M•. Detection of a primordial black
hole with M•10-19M would challenge general relativity and
favor the braneworld model. Further work on lensing tests of
braneworld gravity must proceed into the physical optics
regime, which awaits a description of the full spacetime
geometry around braneworld black holes. © 2006 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.73.104032},
Key = {fds243985}
}
@article{fds244000,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by
compact objects. II. Probing post-post-Newtonian
metrics},
Journal = {Physical Review D},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044024},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1550-7998},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/gr-qc/0601053},
Abstract = {We study gravitational lensing by compact objects in gravity
theories that can be written in a post-post-Newtonian (PPN)
framework: i.e., the metric is static and spherically
symmetric, and can be written as a Taylor series in m•/r,
where m• is the gravitational radius of the compact
object. Working invariantly, we compute corrections to
standard weak-deflection lensing observables at first and
second order in the perturbation parameter ε=•/E, where
• is the angular gravitational radius and E is the angular
Einstein ring radius of the lens. We show that the
first-order corrections to the total magnification and
centroid position vanish universally for gravity theories
that can be written in the PPN framework. This arises from
some surprising, fundamental relations among the lensing
observables in PPN gravity models. We derive these relations
for the image positions, magnifications, and time delays. A
deep consequence is that any violation of the universal
relations would signal the need for a gravity model outside
the PPN framework (provided that some basic assumptions
hold). In practical terms, the relations will guide
observational programs to test general relativity, modified
gravity theories, and possibly the cosmic censorship
conjecture. We use the new relations to identify lensing
observables that are accessible to current or near-future
technology, and to find combinations of observables that are
most useful for probing the spacetime metric. We give
explicit applications to the galactic black hole,
microlensing, and the binary pulsar J0737-3039. © 2006 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.73.044024},
Key = {fds244000}
}
@article{fds305708,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Gaudi, BS and Petters, AO},
Title = {Identifying lenses with small-scale structure. II. Fold
lenses},
Journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {635},
Number = {1 I},
Pages = {35-59},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/497324},
Abstract = {When the source in a four-image gravitational lens system
lies sufficiently close to a "fold" caustic, two of the
lensed images lie very close together. If the lens potential
is smooth on the scale of the separation between the two
close images, the difference between their fluxes should
approximately vanish, Rfold = (F+ - F-)/(F+ + F-) ≈ 0.
(The subscript indicates the image parity.) Violations of
this "fold relation" in observed lenses are thought to
indicate the presence of structure on scales smaller than
the separation between the close images. We present a
detailed study of the fold relation in realistic smooth
lenses, finding it to be more subtle and rich than was
previously realized. The degree to which Rfold can differ
from zero for smooth lenses depends not only on the distance
of the source from the caustic, but also on its location
along the caustic, and then on the angular structure of the
lens potential (ellipticity, multipole modes, and external
shear). Since the source position is unobservable, it is
impossible to say from Rfold alone whether the flux ratios
in an observed lens are anomalous or not. Instead, we must
consider the full distribution of Rfold values that can be
obtained from smooth lens potentials that reproduce the
separation d1 between the two close images and the distance
d2 to the next nearest image. (By reducing the image
configuration to these two numbers, we limit our model
dependence and obtain a generic analysis.) We show that the
generic features of this distribution can be understood,
which means that the fold relation provides a robust probe
of small-scale structure in lens galaxies. We then compute
the full distribution using Monte Carlo simulations of
realistic smooth lenses. Comparing these predictions with
the data, we find that five of the 12 known lenses with fold
configurations have flux ratio anomalies: B0712+472, SDSS
0924+0219, PG 1115+080, B1555+375, and B1933+503. Combining
this with our previous analysis revealing anomalies in three
of the four known lenses with cusp configurations, we
conclude that at least half (8/16) of all four-image lenses
that admit generic, local analyses exhibit flux ratio
anomalies. The fold and cusp relations do not reveal the
nature of the implied small-scale structure, but do provide
the formal foundation for substructure studies, and also
indicate which lenses deserve further study. Although our
focus is on close pairs of images, we show that the fold
relation can be used - with great care - to analyze all
image pairs in all 22 known four-image lenses and reveal
lenses with some sort of interesting structure. © 2005. The
American Astronomical Society. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/497324},
Key = {fds305708}
}
@article{fds244002,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Petters, AO},
Title = {Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by
compact objects: Static, spherically symmetric
case},
Journal = {Physical Review D},
Volume = {72},
Number = {10},
Pages = {104006},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1550-7998},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/gr-qc/0511019},
Abstract = {We are developing a general, unified, and rigorous
analytical framework for using gravitational lensing by
compact objects to test different theories of gravity beyond
the weak-deflection limit. In this paper we present the
formalism for computing corrections to lensing observables
for static, spherically symmetric gravity theories in which
the corrections to the weak-deflection limit can be expanded
as a Taylor series in one parameter, namely, the
gravitational radius of the lens object. We take care to
derive coordinate-independent expressions and compute
quantities that are directly observable. We compute series
expansions for the observables that are accurate to second
order in the ratio ε= •/ E of the angle subtended by the
lens's gravitational radius to the weak-deflection Einstein
radius, which scales with mass as ε M•1/2. The positions,
magnifications, and time delays of the individual images
have corrections at both first and second order in ε, as
does the differential time delay between the two images.
Interestingly, we find that the first-order corrections to
the total magnification and centroid position vanish in all
gravity theories that agree with general relativity in the
weak-deflection limit, but they can remain nonzero in
modified theories that disagree with general relativity in
the weak-deflection limit. For the Reissner-Nordström
metric and a related metric from heterotic string theory,
our formalism reveals an intriguing connection between
lensing observables and the condition for having a naked
singularity, which could provide an observational method for
testing the existence of such objects. We apply our
formalism to the galactic black hole and predict that the
corrections to the image positions are at the level of
10μarcs (microarcseconds), while the correction to the time
delay is a few hundredths of a second. These corrections
would be measurable today if a pulsar were found to be
lensed by the galactic black hole, and they should be
readily detectable with planned missions like MAXIM. © 2005
The American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.72.104006},
Key = {fds244002}
}
@article{fds244001,
Author = {Keeton, C and Gaudi, S and Petters, AO},
Title = {Identifying Lensing by Small-Scale Structure. II. Fold
Lenses},
Journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {635},
Number = {1 I},
Pages = {35-35},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/0503452},
Abstract = {When the source in a four-image gravitational lens system
lies sufficiently close to a "fold" caustic, two of the
lensed images lie very close together. If the lens potential
is smooth on the scale of the separation between the two
close images, the difference between their fluxes should
approximately vanish, Rfold = (F+ - F-)/(F+ + F-) ≈ 0.
(The subscript indicates the image parity.) Violations of
this "fold relation" in observed lenses are thought to
indicate the presence of structure on scales smaller than
the separation between the close images. We present a
detailed study of the fold relation in realistic smooth
lenses, finding it to be more subtle and rich than was
previously realized. The degree to which Rfold can differ
from zero for smooth lenses depends not only on the distance
of the source from the caustic, but also on its location
along the caustic, and then on the angular structure of the
lens potential (ellipticity, multipole modes, and external
shear). Since the source position is unobservable, it is
impossible to say from Rfold alone whether the flux ratios
in an observed lens are anomalous or not. Instead, we must
consider the full distribution of Rfold values that can be
obtained from smooth lens potentials that reproduce the
separation d1 between the two close images and the distance
d2 to the next nearest image. (By reducing the image
configuration to these two numbers, we limit our model
dependence and obtain a generic analysis.) We show that the
generic features of this distribution can be understood,
which means that the fold relation provides a robust probe
of small-scale structure in lens galaxies. We then compute
the full distribution using Monte Carlo simulations of
realistic smooth lenses. Comparing these predictions with
the data, we find that five of the 12 known lenses with fold
configurations have flux ratio anomalies: B0712+472, SDSS
0924+0219, PG 1115+080, B1555+375, and B1933+503. Combining
this with our previous analysis revealing anomalies in three
of the four known lenses with cusp configurations, we
conclude that at least half (8/16) of all four-image lenses
that admit generic, local analyses exhibit flux ratio
anomalies. The fold and cusp relations do not reveal the
nature of the implied small-scale structure, but do provide
the formal foundation for substructure studies, and also
indicate which lenses deserve further study. Although our
focus is on close pairs of images, we show that the fold
relation can be used - with great care - to analyze all
image pairs in all 22 known four-image lenses and reveal
lenses with some sort of interesting structure. © 2005. The
American Astronomical Society. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/497324},
Key = {fds244001}
}
@article{fds305707,
Author = {Keeton, CR and Gaudi, BS and Petters, AO},
Title = {Identifying lenses with small-scale structure. I. Cusp
lenses},
Journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {598},
Number = {1 I},
Pages = {138-161},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/378934},
Abstract = {The inability of standard models to explain the flux ratios
in many four-image gravitational lens systems has been
presented as evidence for significant small-scale structure
in lens galaxies. That claim has generally relied on
detailed lens modeling, so it is both model dependent and
somewhat difficult to interpret. We present a more robust
and generic method for identifying lenses with small-scale
structure. For a close triplet of images created when the
source lies near an ideal cusp catastrophe, the sum of the
signed magnifications should exactly vanish, independent of
any global properties of the lens potential. For realistic
cusps, the magnification sum vanishes only approximately,
but we show that it is possible to place strong upper bounds
on the degree to which the magnification sum can deviate
from zero. Lenses with flux ratio "anomalies," or fluxes
that significantly violate the upper bounds, can be said
with high confidence to have structure in the lens potential
on scales of the image separation or smaller. Five observed
lenses have such flux ratio anomalies: B2045+265 has a
strong anomaly at both radio and optical/near-IR
wavelengths; B0712+472 has a strong anomaly at
optical/near-IR wavelengths and a marginal anomaly at radio
wavelengths; 1RXS J1131-1231 has a strong anomaly at optical
wavelengths; RX J0911+0551 appears to have an anomaly at
optical/near-IR wavelengths, although the conclusion in this
particular lens is subject to uncertainties in the typical
strength of octopole density perturbations in early-type
galaxies; and finally, SDSS J0924+0219 has a strong anomaly
at optical wavelengths. Interestingly, analysis of the cusp
relation does not reveal a significant anomaly in B1422+231,
even though this lens is known to be anomalous from detailed
modeling. Methods that are more sophisticated (and less
generic) than the cusp relation may therefore be necessary
to uncover flux ratio anomalies in some systems. Although
these flux ratio anomalies might represent either
millilensing or microlensing, we cannot identify the cause
of the anomalies using only broadband flux ratios in
individual lenses. Rather, the conclusion we can draw is
that the lenses have significant structure in the lens
potential on scales comparable to or smaller than the
separation between the images. Additional arguments must be
invoked to specify the nature of this small-scale
structure.},
Doi = {10.1086/378934},
Key = {fds305707}
}
@article{fds244003,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {On relativistic corrections to microlensing effects:
Applications to the Galactic black hole},
Journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society},
Volume = {338},
Number = {2},
Pages = {457-464},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/ps/astro-ph/0208500},
Abstract = {The standard treatment of gravitational lensing by a point
mass lens M is based on a weak-field deflection angle α̂ =
2/xo, where X0 = r0c/2GM with r0 being the distance of
closest approach to the mass of a lensed light ray. It was
shown that for a point mass lens, the total magnification
and image centroid shift of a point source remain unchanged
by relativistic corrections of second order in 1/X 0. This
paper considers these issues analytically, taking into
account the relativistic images, under three assumptions
A1-A3, for a Schwarzschild black hole lens with a background
point and extended sources having arbitrary surface
brightness profiles. The assumptions are A1, the source is
close to the line of sight and lies in the asymptotically
flat region outside the black hole lens; A2, the
observer-lens and lens-source distances are significantly
greater than the impact parameters of the lensed light rays;
and A3, the distance of closest approach of any light ray
that does not wind around the black hole on its travel from
the source to the observer, lies in the weak-field regime
outside the black hole. We apply our results to the Galactic
black hole for lensing scenarios where A1-A3 hold. We show
that a single factor characterizes the full relativistic
correction to the weak-field image centroid and
magnification. As the lens-source distance increases, the
relativistic correction factor strictly decreases. In
particular, we find that for point and extended sources
approximately 10 pc behind the black hole, which is a
distance significantly outside the tidal disruption radius
of a Sun-like source, the relativistic correction factor is
minuscule, of the order of 10 -14. Therefore, for standard
lensing configurations, any detectable relativistic
corrections to microlensing by the Galactic black hole will
most likely have to come from sources significantly closer
to the black hole.},
Doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06065.x},
Key = {fds244003}
}
@article{fds243998,
Author = {Keeton, C and Gaudi, S and Petters, AO},
Title = {Identifying Lensing by Substructure I. Cusp
Lenses},
Journal = {Astrophys. J.},
Volume = {598},
Number = {1 I},
Pages = {138},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/0210318},
Abstract = {The inability of standard models to explain the flux ratios
in many four-image gravitational lens systems has been
presented as evidence for significant small-scale structure
in lens galaxies. That claim has generally relied on
detailed lens modeling, so it is both model dependent and
somewhat difficult to interpret. We present a more robust
and generic method for identifying lenses with small-scale
structure. For a close triplet of images created when the
source lies near an ideal cusp catastrophe, the sum of the
signed magnifications should exactly vanish, independent of
any global properties of the lens potential. For realistic
cusps, the magnification sum vanishes only approximately,
but we show that it is possible to place strong upper bounds
on the degree to which the magnification sum can deviate
from zero. Lenses with flux ratio "anomalies," or fluxes
that significantly violate the upper bounds, can be said
with high confidence to have structure in the lens potential
on scales of the image separation or smaller. Five observed
lenses have such flux ratio anomalies: B2045+265 has a
strong anomaly at both radio and optical/near-IR
wavelengths; B0712+472 has a strong anomaly at
optical/near-IR wavelengths and a marginal anomaly at radio
wavelengths; 1RXS J1131-1231 has a strong anomaly at optical
wavelengths; RX J0911+0551 appears to have an anomaly at
optical/near-IR wavelengths, although the conclusion in this
particular lens is subject to uncertainties in the typical
strength of octopole density perturbations in early-type
galaxies; and finally, SDSS J0924+0219 has a strong anomaly
at optical wavelengths. Interestingly, analysis of the cusp
relation does not reveal a significant anomaly in B1422+231,
even though this lens is known to be anomalous from detailed
modeling. Methods that are more sophisticated (and less
generic) than the cusp relation may therefore be necessary
to uncover flux ratio anomalies in some systems. Although
these flux ratio anomalies might represent either
millilensing or microlensing, we cannot identify the cause
of the anomalies using only broadband flux ratios in
individual lenses. Rather, the conclusion we can draw is
that the lenses have significant structure in the lens
potential on scales comparable to or smaller than the
separation between the images. Additional arguments must be
invoked to specify the nature of this small-scale
structure.},
Doi = {10.1086/378934},
Key = {fds243998}
}
@article{fds348132,
Author = {GAUDI, BS and PETTERS, AO},
Title = {CENTER OF LIGHT CURVES FOR WHITNEY FOLD AND
CUSP},
Pages = {2103-2104},
Publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812777386_0491},
Doi = {10.1142/9789812777386_0491},
Key = {fds348132}
}
@article{fds243972,
Author = {Gaudi, BS and Petters, AO},
Title = {Gravitational microlensing near caustics. II.
Cusps},
Journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {580},
Number = {1 I},
Pages = {468-489},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0206162v2},
Abstract = {We present a rigorous, detailed study of the generic,
quantitative properties of gravitational lensing near cusp
catastrophes. Concentrating on the case in which the
individual images are unresolved, we derive explicit
formulas for the total magnification and centroid of the
images created for sources outside, on, and inside the
cusped caustic. We obtain new results on how the image
magnifications scale with respect to separation from the
cusped caustic for arbitrary source positions. Along the
axis of symmetry of the cusp, the total magnification μ
scales as μ α u-1, where u is the distance of the source
from the cusp, whereas perpendicular to this axis, μ α
u-2/3. When the source passes through a point u 0 on a fold
arc abutting the cusp, the image centroid has a jump
discontinuity; we present a formula for the size of the jump
in terms of the local derivatives of the lens potential and
show that the magnitude of the jump scales as |u10|1/2 for
|u10| ≪ 1, where |u10| is the horizontal distance between
u0 and the cusp. The total magnifications for a small
extended source located both on and perpendicular to the
axis of symmetry are also derived, for both uniform and
limb-darkened surface brightness profiles. We find that the
difference in magnification between a finite and point
source is ≲5% for separations of ≲2.5 source radii from
the cusp point, while the effect of limb darkening is ≲1%
in the same range. Our predictions for the astrometric and
photometric behavior of both pointlike and finite sources
passing near a cusp are illustrated and verified using
numerical simulations of the cusp-crossing Galactic binary
lens event MACHO-1997-BUL-28. Our results can be applied to
any microlensing system with cusp caustics, including
Galactic binary lenses and quasar microlensing; we discuss
several possible applications of our results to these
topics.},
Doi = {10.1086/343114},
Key = {fds243972}
}
@article{fds243999,
Author = {Frittelli, S and Petters, AO},
Title = {Wavefronts, caustic sheets, and caustic surfing in
gravitational lensing},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {11},
Pages = {5578-5611},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/0208135},
Abstract = {Very little attention has been paid to the properties of
optical wavefronts and caustic surfaces due to gravitational
lensing. Yet the wavefront-based point of view is natural
and provides insights into the nature of the caustic
surfaces on a gravitationally lensed lightcone. We derive
analytically the basic equations governing the wavefronts,
lightcones, caustics on wavefronts, and caustic surfaces on
lightcones in the context of weak-field, thin-screen
gravitational lensing. These equations are all related to
the potential of the lens. In the process, we also show that
the standard single-plane gravitational lensing map extends
to a new mapping, which we call a wavefront lensing map.
Unlike the standard lensing map, the Jacobian matrix of a
wavefront lensing map is not symmetric. Our formulas are
then applied to caustic "surfing." By surfing a caustic
surface, a space-borne telescope can be fixed on a
gravitationally lensed source to obtain an observation of
the source at very high magnification over an extended time
period, revealing structure about the source that could not
otherwise be resolved. Using our analytical expressions for
caustic sheets, we present a scheme for surfing a caustic
sheet of a lensed source in rectilinear motion. Detailed
illustrations are also presented of the possible types of
wavefronts and caustic sheets due to nonsingular and
singular elliptical potentials, and singular isothermal
spheres, including an example of caustic surfing for a
singular elliptical potential lens. © 2002 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1511790},
Key = {fds243999}
}
@article{fds243971,
Author = {Gaudi, BS and Petters, AO},
Title = {Gravitational microlensing near caustics. I.
Folds},
Journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {574},
Number = {2 I},
Pages = {970-984},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/0112531},
Abstract = {We study the local behavior of gravitational lensing near
fold catastrophes. Using a generic form for the lensing map
near a fold, we determine the observable properties of the
lensed images, focusing on the case in which the individual
images are unresolved, i.e., microlensing. Allowing for
images not associated with the fold, we derive analytic
expressions for the photometric and astrometric behavior
near a generic fold caustic. We show how this form reduces
to the more familiar linear caustic, which lenses a nearby
source into two images that have equal magnification,
opposite parity, and are equidistant from the critical
curve. In this case, the simplicity and high degree of
symmetry allow for the derivation of semianalytic
expressions for the photometric and astrometric deviations
in the presence of finite sources with arbitrary surface
brightness profiles. We use our results to derive some basic
properties of astrometric microlensing near folds; in
particular, we predict, for finite sources with uniform and
limb-darkening profiles, the detailed shape of the
astrometric curve as the source crosses a fold. We find that
the astrometric effects of limb darkening will be difficult
to detect with the currently planned accuracy of the Space
Interferometry Mission for Galactic bulge sources; however,
this also implies that astrometric measurements of other
parameters, such as the size of the source, should not be
compromised by an unknown amount of limb darkening. We
verify our results by numerically calculating the expected
astrometric shift for the photometrically well-covered
Galactic binary lensing event OGLE-1999-BUL-23, finding
excellent agreement with our analytic expressions. Our
results can be applied to any lensing system with fold
caustics, including Galactic binary lenses and quasar
microlensing.},
Doi = {10.1086/341063},
Key = {fds243971}
}
@book{fds347549,
Author = {Petters, AO and Levine, H and Wambsganss, J},
Title = {Singularity Theory and Gravitational Lensing},
Series = {Progress in Mathematical Physics, Volume
21},
Pages = {603 pages},
Publisher = {Springer Science & Business Media},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {0817636684},
url = {http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0817636684/qid=1028663985/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1/002-1045375-379126},
Abstract = {The main part of the book---Part III---employs the ideas and
results of singularity theory to put gravitational lensing
on a rigorous mathematical foundation and solve certain key
lensing problems.},
Key = {fds347549}
}
@article{fds9789,
Author = {A. O. Petters},
Title = {Stable Lens Systems, Lensed Image Magnification,and
Magnification Cross Sections},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General
Relativity, eds. V. Gurzadyan, R. T. Jantzen, and R.
Ruffini},
Publisher = {World Scientific},
Address = {Singapore},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds9789}
}
@article{fds9790,
Author = {S. Frittelli and A. O. Petters},
Title = {Wavefront Singularities due to an Elliptical
Potential},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General
Relativity, eds. V. Gurzadyan, R. T. Jantzen, and R.
Ruffini},
Publisher = {World Scientific},
Address = {Singapore},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds9790}
}
@article{fds243970,
Author = {Petters, AO and Wicklin, FJ},
Title = {Fixed points due to gravitational lenses},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1011-1023},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.532367},
Abstract = {A fixed point of a gravitational lensing map represents
those positions from which a pointlike light source has a
lensed image that, despite gravitational lensing,
corresponds to the original position of the source. In this
paper we study fixed points of lensing maps due to a generic
gravitational lens with applications to nonsingular isolated
lenses, and to point-mass lenses with continuous matter and
shear. Counting formulas and bounds on the number of fixed
points are determined. The results include an odd-number
fixed-point theorem for nonsingular isolated deflectors.
Information on the positions of fixed points are found for
the case of point masses on a lens plane with and without
shear. The methods of the paper are based on Morse theory,
complex variables, and resultants. © 1998 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.532367},
Key = {fds243970}
}
@article{fds9006,
Author = {A. O. Petters and F.J. Wicklin},
Title = {Counting Formulas and Bounds on Number of Fixed Points Due
to Point-Mass Lenses},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Eighth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on
General Relativity 1997, ed. R. Ruffini (World Scientific,
Singapore)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds9006}
}
@article{fds9007,
Author = {S. Mao and A. O. Petters and H. Witt},
Title = {Properties of Point Mass Lenses on a Regular Polygon and the
Problem of Maximum Number of Lensed Images},
Journal = {in Proceedings of the Eighth Marcel Grossman Meeting on
General Relativity, ed. R. Ruffini (World Scientific,
Singapore)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds9007}
}
@article{fds9008,
Author = {A. O. Petters},
Title = {Some Global Results on Gravitational Lensing},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Eight Marcel Grossman Meeting on General
Relativity, ed. R. Ruffini (World Scientific,
Singapore)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds9008}
}
@article{fds243969,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Curvature of caustics and singularities of gravitational
lenses},
Journal = {Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {627-634},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0362-546X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0362-546X(97)00068-0},
Doi = {10.1016/S0362-546X(97)00068-0},
Key = {fds243969}
}
@article{fds243988,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Multiplane gravitational lensing. III. Upper bound on number
of images},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1605-1613},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.531818},
Abstract = {The total number of lensed images of a light source
undergoing gravitational lensing varies as the source
traverses a caustic network. It is rigorously shown that for
a pointlike light source not on any caustic, a
three-dimensional distribution of g point masses on g lens
planes creates at most 2(22(g-1)-1) lensed images of the
source (g≥2). This complements previous work [Paper I, J.
Math. Phys. 36, 4263 (1995)] that showed at least 2g lensed
images occur. Application of the upper bound to the global
geometry of caustics is also presented. Our methods are
based on a complex formulation of point-mass gravitational
lensing and techniques from the theory of resultants. The
latter yields a new approach to studying upper bounds on
number of lensed images due to point-mass gravitational lens
systems. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.531818},
Key = {fds243988}
}
@article{fds305706,
Author = {Petters, AO and Witt, HJ},
Title = {Bounds on number of cusps due to point mass gravitational
lenses},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2920-2933},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.531630},
Abstract = {Generic caustics in gravitational lensing occur locally
either as folds or cusps. This paper rigorously proves that
the total number of cusps, Ncusps, due to g point masses on
a single plane having non-normalized external shear γ>0 and
continuous matter with constant density σc, is bounded as
follows: 0≤Ncusps≤12g2. For vanishing shear γ=0 we
obtain the result 0≤Ncusps≤12g(g-1). Consequences of
these bounds for the global geometry of caustics are
discussed. It is also shown that if γ≥0 and σc is
sufficiently large, then all cusps can be eliminated, that
is, Ncusps=0. The paper also includes equations for
calculating all the bi-caustics (i.e., curves yielding the
positions of cusps during a one-parameter evolution) of a
single point-mass lens with continuous matter and shear. The
methods of the paper are based on a new approach to
point-mass gravitational lensing using complex quantities
and the theory of resultants. © 1996 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.531630},
Key = {fds305706}
}
@article{fds243992,
Author = {Fetters, AO},
Title = {Lower bounds on image magnification in gravitational
lensing},
Journal = {Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering
Sciences},
Volume = {452},
Number = {1949},
Pages = {1475-1490},
Publisher = {The Royal Society},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1364-5021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1996.0075},
Abstract = {A rigorous study of lower bounds on image magnification in
single-plane gravitational lensing is presented. These
bounds are determined for the total magnification of point
sources undergoing lensing by a general single-plane
gravitational lens. The lower bounds are expressed as a
function of the number of images of the source, the number
of obstruction points of the deflector potential, and mass
density of the lens. In particular, our lower bounds adjust
according to the multiplicity of the region of the caustic
network where the lensed source is located. The results for
the general lens are then used to find lower bounds on the
total magnification due to non-singular and singular
deflectors. The latter lenses are considered in detail for
the cases of point-mass deflectors with shear and continuous
matter (subcritical, strongly sheared, supercritical, and
critical cases). Automatic with this study are general
results on image counting and a discussion of the
magnifications and trajectories of images of a lensed source
as the source moves to 'infinity'. The paper uses
Morsetheoretic tools, yielding a new approach to the study
of lower bounds on image magnification in gravitational
lensing. © 1996 The Royal Society.},
Doi = {10.1098/rspa.1996.0075},
Key = {fds243992}
}
@article{fds9001,
Author = {A. O. Petters},
Title = {Mathematical Aspects of Gravitational Lensing},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Seventh Marcel Grossman Meeting on
General Relativity, Vol. B, eds. R.T. Jantzen and G.M.
Keiser (World Scientific, Singapore)},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds9001}
}
@article{fds243989,
Author = {Petters, AO and Witt, H},
Title = {Bounds on Number of Cusps Due to Point Mass Gravitional
Lenses with Continuous Matter and Shear},
Journal = {J. Math. Phys.},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2920},
Pages = {2920-2933},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.531630},
Abstract = {Generic caustics in gravitational lensing occur locally
either as folds or cusps. This paper rigorously proves that
the total number of cusps, Ncusps, due to g point masses on
a single plane having non-normalized external shear γ>0
and continuous matter with constant density σc, is bounded
as follows: 0≤Ncusps≤12g2. For vanishing shear γ=0 we
obtain the result 0≤Ncusps≤12g(g-1). Consequences of
these bounds for the global geometry of caustics are
discussed. It is also shown that if γ≥0 and σc is
sufficiently large, then all cusps can be eliminated, that
is, Ncusps=0. The paper also includes equations for
calculating all the bi-caustics (i.e., curves yielding the
positions of cusps during a one-parameter evolution) of a
single point-mass lens with continuous matter and shear. The
methods of the paper are based on a new approach to
point-mass gravitational lensing using complex quantities
and the theory of resultants. © 1996 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.531630},
Key = {fds243989}
}
@article{fds243990,
Author = {Petters, AO and Wicklin, FJ},
Title = {New Caustic Phenomena In Double-Plane Lensing},
Journal = {Symposium International Astronomical Union},
Volume = {173},
Pages = {283-284},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900231562},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Consider two point masses <jats:italic>m</jats:italic><jats:sub>1</jats:sub>
and <jats:italic>m</jats:italic><jats:sub>2</jats:sub> on
distinct planes with respective shears γ<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>,
γ<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and continuous matter having
densities κ<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> and κ<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>.
It is assumed that the lens equation is as follows:
<jats:disp-formula id="S0074180900231562_eqnU1">??</jats:disp-formula>where
<jats:disp-formula id="S0074180900231562_eqnU2">??</jats:disp-formula></jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/s0074180900231562},
Key = {fds243990}
}
@article{fds243991,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {A Cusp—Counting Formula For Caustics Due To Multiplane
Gravitational Lensing},
Journal = {Symposium International Astronomical Union},
Volume = {173},
Number = {173},
Pages = {281-282},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1996},
ISSN = {0074-1809},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996BF25F00078&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Consider a gravitational lens system with
<jats:italic>K</jats:italic> planes. If light rays are
traced back from the observer to the light source plane,
then the points on the first lens plane where a light ray
either terminates, or, passes through and terminates before
reaching the light source plane, are “obstruction
points.” More precisely, tracing rays back to the source
plane induces a <jats:italic>K</jats:italic>-<jats:italic>plane
lensing map η</jats:italic> : <jats:italic>U</jats:italic>
⊆ <jats:bold>R</jats:bold><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> →
<jats:bold>R</jats:bold><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> of the form
η(<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub>1</jats:sub>) =
<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub>1</jats:sub>
−∑<jats:sub>i=1</jats:sub><jats:sup><jats:italic>k</jats:italic></jats:sup>
α<jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>(<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>(<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>)).
We then define an <jats:italic>obstruction
point</jats:italic> of η to be a point <jats:bold>a</jats:bold>
of <jats:italic>U</jats:italic> where lim<jats:sub><jats:bold>x</jats:bold>1→<jats:bold>a</jats:bold></jats:sub>
|α<jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>(<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>(<jats:bold>x</jats:bold><jats:sub>1</jats:sub>))|
= ∞ for some “deflection angle” α<jats:sub><jats:italic>i</jats:italic></jats:sub>.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/s0074180900231550},
Key = {fds243991}
}
@article{fds243993,
Author = {Petters, AO and Wicklin, FJ},
Title = {Caustics of the double-plane two-point-mass gravitational
lens with continuous matter and shear},
Journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society},
Volume = {277},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1399-1403},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0035-8711},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995TL36100019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1093/mnras/277.4.1399},
Key = {fds243993}
}
@article{fds243994,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Multiplane gravitational lensing. II. Global geometry of
caustics},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {8},
Pages = {4276-4295},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530962},
Abstract = {The global geometry of caustics due to a general multiplane
gravitational lens system is investigated. Cusp-counting
formulas and total curvatures are determined for individual
caustics as well as whole caustic networks. The notion of
light path obstruction points is fundamental in these
studies. Lower bounds are found for such points and are used
to get upper bounds for the total curvature. Curvature
functions of caustics are also treated. All theorems
obtained do not rely on the detailed nature of any specific
potential assumed as a gravitational lens model, but on the
overall differential-topological properties of general
potentials. The methods employed are based on the following:
Morse theory, projectivized rotation numbers, the
Fabricius-Bjerre-Halpern formula, Whitney's rotation number
formula, Seifert decompositions, and the Gauss-Bonnet
theorem. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.530962},
Key = {fds243994}
}
@article{fds243995,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Multiplane gravitational lensing. I. Morse theory and image
counting},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {8},
Pages = {4263-4275},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530961},
Abstract = {The image counting problem for gravitational lensing by
general matter deflectors distributed over finitely many
lens planes is considered. Counting formulas and lower
bounds are found via Morse theory for the number of images
of a point source not on a caustic. Images are counted
within a compact region D not necessarily assumed to
properly contain the deflector space. In addition, it is
shown that Morse theory is applicable because multiplane
time-delay maps Ty generically satisfy the Morse boundary
conditions relative to D. All results obtained depend only
on the topological properties induced in the lens planes by
the deflector potentials and the behavior of grad Ty at
boundary points of D. © 1995 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.530961},
Key = {fds243995}
}
@article{fds8995,
Author = {H. Levine and A. O. Petters},
Title = {Singularities and Gravitational Lensing},
Journal = {Passion des Formes: Hommage a Rene Thom,Vol. 1 (M. Porte,
ed.) E.N.S. Edition, Fontenany-St Cloud},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds8995}
}
@article{fds243966,
Author = {Witt, HJ and Petters, AO},
Title = {Singularities of the one- and two-point mass gravitational
lens},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {9},
Pages = {4093-4111},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530029},
Abstract = {A detailed study of when a change in the number of caustics
and cusps occurs for one- and two-point mass gravitational
lens lying on a single plane with continuously distributed
matter and an external shear are presented herein. The
equations for the positions of the cusps generated by such
lens systems are investigated in detail. This method is
based on a new approach using complex quantities and applies
recent results on cusp counting. © 1993 American Institute
of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.530029},
Key = {fds243966}
}
@article{fds243987,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Arnold's singularity theory and gravitational
lensing},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {8},
Pages = {3555-3581},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530045},
Abstract = {Caustics in gravitational lensing are formulated from a
symplectic geometric viewpoint. Arnold's singularity theory
is then used to give a rigorous local classification of
generic gravitational lensing caustics and their evolutions.
A local classification is also presented of generic image
surfaces, time-delay image surfaces, big caustics, and
bicaustics. The results of each classification are discussed
and graphically illustrated. © 1993 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.530045},
Key = {fds243987}
}
@article{fds305705,
Author = {Levine, HI and Petters, AO and Wambsganss, J},
Title = {Applications of singularity theory to gravitational lensing.
I. Multiple lens planes},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {10},
Pages = {4781-4808},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530321},
Abstract = {The basic local and global features of stable multiple plane
gravitational lens systems are investigated using tools from
singularity theory. All stable multiple plane time-delay and
lensing maps are classified, and the following global facts
are proven under the weaker assumption of local stability.
First, every locally stable multiple plane lensing map has
an even number of cusps whether the associated deflector is
singular or not. Second, for nonsingular deflectors the sum
of the projectivized rotation numbers of its caustics is
zero, while for singular ones it is negative and even.
Third, if the deflector has g point masses on a single
plane, then g is given by the formula g=-1/2Σcr(c), where
r(c) is the projectivized rotation number of the critical
curve c and the sum runs through all critical curves.
Fourth, explicit counting formulas and bounds are found for
the number of cusps for certain caustic networks. Finally,
the latter yields that two point masses on a single lens
plane will generate at least six cusps. However, if the
masses are put genetically on separate lens planes, then
there are at least eight cusps. © 1993 American Institute
of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.530321},
Key = {fds305705}
}
@article{fds244004,
Author = {Levine, H and Petters, AO},
Title = {New Caustic Singularities in Multiple Lens Plane
Gravitational Lensing},
Journal = {Astron. Astrophys.},
Volume = {272},
Number = {L17},
Pages = {L17-L19},
Publisher = {EDP SCIENCES S A},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds244004}
}
@article{fds244005,
Author = {Levine, H and Petters, AO and Wambsganss, J},
Title = {Applications of Singularity Theory to Gravitational
Lensing},
Journal = {J. Math. Phys.},
Volume = {34},
Number = {10},
Pages = {4781},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
Abstract = {The basic local and global features of stable multiple plane
gravitational lens systems are investigated using tools from
singularity theory. All stable multiple plane time-delay and
lensing maps are classified, and the following global facts
are proven under the weaker assumption of local stability.
First, every locally stable multiple plane lensing map has
an even number of cusps whether the associated deflector is
singular or not. Second, for nonsingular deflectors the sum
of the projectivized rotation numbers of its caustics is
zero, while for singular ones it is negative and even.
Third, if the deflector has g point masses on a single
plane, then g is given by the formula g=-1/2Σcr(c), where
r(c) is the projectivized rotation number of the critical
curve c and the sum runs through all critical curves.
Fourth, explicit counting formulas and bounds are found for
the number of cusps for certain caustic networks. Finally,
the latter yields that two point masses on a single lens
plane will generate at least six cusps. However, if the
masses are put genetically on separate lens planes, then
there are at least eight cusps. © 1993 American Institute
of Physics.},
Key = {fds244005}
}
@article{fds243986,
Author = {Petters, AO},
Title = {Morse theory and gravitational microlensing},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1915-1931},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-2488},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529667},
Abstract = {Morse theory is used to rigorously obtain counting formulas
and lower bounds for the total number of images of a
background point source, not on a caustic, undergoing
lensing by a single-plane microlens system having compact
bodies plus either subcritical or supercritical continuously
distributed matter. An image-counting formula is also found
for the case when external shear is added. In addition, it
is proven that a microlens system consisting of k lens
planes will generate N = 2M- + Πi=1k(1 - gi) images of a
background point source not on a caustic, where M- is the
total number of critical points of odd index of the
time-delay map and gi is the number of stars on the ith lens
plane. Morse theoretic tools also yield that the smallest
value N can have is Πi=1k(1 + gi). © 1992 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.529667},
Key = {fds243986}
}
@article{fds9374,
Author = {A. O. Petters and D. Spergel},
Title = {An Analytical Approach to Quasar Variability due to
Microlensing},
Journal = {Gravitational Lenses, eds. R. Kayser, T. Schramm, and L.
Nieser (Lecture Notes in Physics, 406, Springer,
Ber1in)},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds9374}
}
@article{fds9375,
Author = {A. O. Petters},
Title = {Morse Theory and Gravitational Microlensing},
Journal = {Gravitational Lenses, eds. R. Kayser, T. Schramm, and L.
Nieser (Lecture Notes in Physics 406, Springer,
Ber1in)},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds9375}
}
@book{fds347550,
Author = {Kayser, R and Schramm, T and Nieser, L},
Title = {Gravitational lenses proceedings of a conference held in
Hamburg, Germany, 9-13 September 1991},
Pages = {399 pages},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds347550}
}
@misc{fds47735,
Author = {A.O. Petters},
Title = {Singularities in Gravitational Microlensing, Ph.D.
Thesis},
Journal = {MIT, Department of Mathematics},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds47735}
}
%% Pfaff, Alexander
@article{fds371284,
Author = {Blanco, E and Moros, L and Pfaff, A and Steimanis, I and Velez, MA and Vollan, B},
Title = {No crowding out among those terminated from an ongoing PES
program in Colombia},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {120},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102826},
Abstract = {This paper presents novel evidence of no crowding out, of
either motivations or donations, among those terminated from
an ongoing program of payments for ecosystem services (PES)
in Colombia. PES programs have risen in number. However,
claims about perverse impacts after programs end could
inhibit their growth. PES end for different reasons (planned
duration, budget reduction, issues in implementation) and in
different ways (some participants or all). An expressed
concern for PES is that receiving payments lowers
conservation, after PES end, if participants' intrinsic
motivations for conservation are ‘crowded out’ by
financial incentives. We test for crowding out by an ongoing
program in which some but not all contracts were terminated.
We see no evidence of crowding out, since neither the
motivations nor the donations for the terminated farmers are
significantly different than for non-PES land owners (and
this is robust to matching on levels of assets, residence on
farm past donation behavior, main economic activity, and
participation in collective activities). Our results add
evidence from an actual PES to literature questioning the
relevance, importance and even sign of crowding
effects.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102826},
Key = {fds371284}
}
@article{fds371677,
Author = {Keles, D and Pfaff, A and Mascia, MB},
Title = {Does the Selective Erasure of Protected Areas Raise
Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon?},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1121-1147},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/723543},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are the leading policy to lower
deforestation. Yet resistance by land users leads PAs to be
created in remote sites, lowering impact. Resistance
continues after PA creation, with both illegal deforestation
and advocacy for PADDD, that is, reducing PA status
(downgrading) or PA size (partial or full erasure,
downsizing or degazettement). For the Brazilian Amazon, we
estimate 2010– 15 forest impacts of 2009–12 PA erasures,
on average and for distinct states. Before panel-DID
regression, to find similar controls we matched using static
characteristics and 8–10 years of pretreatment
deforestation. PA erasures should raise deforestation if
erased PAs faced and blocked pressures. Consistent with
this, three conditions for “environmental selection”
yielded little short-run impact from PADDD: low pressures,
unblocked higher pressures, and pressures blocked less by
those PAs selected for erasures. Yet for “development
selection,” with PA erasures in sites with pressures plus
enforcement, PADDD yielded increased deforestation.},
Doi = {10.1086/723543},
Key = {fds371677}
}
@article{fds369048,
Author = {Rico-Straffon, J and Wang, Z and Panlasigui, S and Loucks, CJ and Swenson, J and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Forest concessions and eco-certifications in the Peruvian
Amazon: Deforestation impacts of logging rights and logging
restrictions},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {118},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102780},
Abstract = {Concessions that grant logging rights to firms support
economic development based on forest resources.
Eco-certifications put sustainability restrictions on the
operations of those concessions. For spatially detailed
data, including many pre-treatment years, we use new
difference-in-differences estimators to estimate 2002–2018
impacts upon Peruvian Amazon forests from both logging
concessions and their eco-certifications. We find that the
concessions − which in theory could raise or reduce forest
loss − did not raise loss, if anything reducing it
slightly by warding off spikes in deforestation pressure.
Eco-certifications could reduce or raise forest loss, yet we
find no significant impacts.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102780},
Key = {fds369048}
}
@article{fds367797,
Author = {Moros, L and Vélez, MA and Quintero, D and Tobin, D and Pfaff,
A},
Title = {Temporary PES do not crowd-out and may crowd-in
lab-in-the-field forest conservation in Colombia},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {204},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107652},
Abstract = {Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs exist
globally and at times shifting behaviors. Unlike protected
areas, PES compensate land users raising local acceptance of
conservation. Yet some worry that if payments are temporary,
as is often the case, conservation behaviors can be reduced
by PES, ‘crowded-out’ to be lower after payments than if
no PES had existed. We conducted lab-in-the-field
experiments in Colombia, where PES policies are expanding,
with individual or collective conditional payments to 676
farmers,potential PES participants. Payments end, in each
experimental session, randomly for all or only for some
participants. We consistently find that conservation is not
lower after PES than before. Also, without PES conservation
contributions tend to fall, over time, in keeping with
public-goods literatures. Taken together, these results
imply that even after our payments end, conservation is
above the baseline defined by our controls, suggesting some
form of at least short-run crowding in},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107652},
Key = {fds367797}
}
@article{fds367798,
Author = {Morgan, S and Pfaff, A and Wolfersberger, J},
Title = {Environmental Policies Benefit Economic Development:
Implications of Economic Geography},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {427-446},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-111920-022804},
Abstract = {For over a century, starting with the work of Alfred
Marshall (and also in resource economics), economic
geography has emphasized the productivity of dense urban
agglomerations. Yet little attention is paid to one key
policy implication of economic geography's core mechanisms:
Environmental policies can aid economic development, per
se¤mdash¤not hurting the economy to help the environment
but advancing both objectives. We review mechanisms from
economic geography that imply that environmental policies
can deliver such win-wins: Influences upon agglomeration of
long-standing natural conditions, like usable bays, which
long were perceived as fixed yet now are being shifted by
global environmental quality; agglomeration's effects on
other influential conditions, like urban environmental
quality; and the effects of rural environmental quality on
the flows to cities of people and environmental quality.
Finally, we consider a geographic policy typology in asking
why society leaves money on the table by failing to promote
environmental policies despite the potential win-wins that
we highlight.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-111920-022804},
Key = {fds367798}
}
@article{fds358721,
Author = {Rodriguez, LA and Velez, MA and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Leaders’ distributional & efficiency effects in
collective responses to policy: Lab-in-field experiments
with small-scale gold miners in Colombia},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {147},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105648},
Abstract = {Globally, small-scale gold mining (SSGM) is an important
economic option for many rural poor. It involves local uses
of shared resources, like common-pool contexts for which
self-governance has avoided ‘tragedies of the commons’.
Yet even ideal local governance of SSGM is not societally
efficient given non-local damages that suggest external
interventions for desired shifts. Because transactions costs
are high for rewarding reductions in damages on remote
mining frontiers, states could gain if rewards based on
low-cost, group compliance measures could successfully
induce cooperation in response to policy. However, as
group-level rewards invite free-riding, such success
requires local collective action. Since that guarantees
neither efficient coordination nor equitable distributions
of net benefits from compliance, we consider the impacts of
emergent leaders on local responses to external policy. We
employ framed lab experiments with 200 small-scale gold
miners in Colombia's Pacific to explore leaders’ impacts
on equity and efficiency in collective responses to external
incentives. Allowing communication before individual choice,
which raises efficiency but not always equity, we can
identify emergent leaders of groups’ communications.
Leaders raise compliance and affect how its costs are
distributed, suggesting access to leadership roles
matters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105648},
Key = {fds358721}
}
@article{fds359078,
Author = {Robalino, J and Pfaff, A and Sandoval, C and Sanchez-Azofeifa,
GA},
Title = {Can we increase the impacts from payments for ecosystem
services? Impact rose over time in Costa Rica, yet spatial
variation indicates more potential},
Journal = {Forest Policy and Economics},
Volume = {132},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102577},
Abstract = {As programs with payments for ecosystem services (PES) have
become more numerous, raising the need for and also the
opportunity for rigorous evidence on their contributions, we
examine shifts within Costa Rica's Pagos por Servicios
Ambientales (PSA) program. The PSA was heralded from its
initiation, despite demonstrations of low early impacts. We
study shifts in impact over time across early periods and
whether further adjustments could raise contributions.
Looking over time, we find that PSA contracts signed for the
2000–2005 period had higher impacts than contracts for the
program's initial time period, 1997–1999 found in previous
research. Looking over space, we find that PSA payments have
higher impacts for lower slopes and lower market distances.
Linking these results, the rise in impact for 2000–2005
occurred alongside a shift in the targeting of PSA, which
was along ecological dimensions (limiting effects of owners
offering unprofitable lands). Yet the spatial variations in
impacts we document suggest that explicitly targeting impact
offers the potential to further raise PES impacts in Costa
Rica, as well as in other nations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102577},
Key = {fds359078}
}
@article{fds352749,
Author = {Börner, J and Schulz, D and Wunder, S and Pfaff,
A},
Title = {The effectiveness of forest conservation policies and
programs},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {45-64},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110119-025703},
Abstract = {The world's forests provide valuable contributions to people
but continue to be threatened by agricultural expansion and
other land uses. Counterfactual-based methods are
increasingly used to evaluate forest conservation
initiatives. This review synthesizes recent studies
quantifying the impacts of such policies and programs.
Extending past reviews focused on instrument choice, design,
and implementation, our theory of change explicitly
acknowledges context. Screening over 60,000 abstracts
yielded 136 comparable normalized effect sizes (Cohen's d).
Comparing across instrument categories, evaluation methods,
and contexts suggests not only a lack of “silver
bullets” in the conservation toolbox, but that
effectiveness is also moderate on average. Yet context is
critical. Many interventions in our sample were implemented
in “bullet-proof” contexts of low pressure on natural
resources. This greatly limits their potential impacts and
suggests the need to invest further not only in
understanding but also in better aligning conservation with
local and global development goals.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-110119-025703},
Key = {fds352749}
}
@article{fds350094,
Author = {Keles, D and Delacote, P and Pfaff, A and Qin, S and Mascia,
MB},
Title = {What Drives the Erasure of Protected Areas? Evidence from
across the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {176},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106733},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are a widely used strategy for
conserving forests and ecosystem services. When PAs succeed
in deterring economic activities that degrade forests, the
impacts include more forest yet less economic gain. These
economic opportunity costs of conservation lead actors with
economic interests to resist new PAs, driving their sites
away from profitable market centers and towards areas
featuring lower opportunity costs. Further, after PAs are
created, economic actors may want PA downgrading,
downsizing, and degazettement (collectively PADDD). We
examine reductions in PAs' spatial extent – downsizings
(partial erasures) and degazettements (complete erasures)
− that presumably reduce protection. Using data for the
entire Brazilian Amazon from PADDDtracker.org, our empirical
analyses explore whether size reductions from 2006 to 2015
resulted from bargaining between development and
conservation. We find that the risks of PA size reductions
are raised by: lower travel costs (as implied by distances
to roads and cities), which affect economic gains and
enforcement; greater PA size, which affects enforcement; and
more prior internal deforestation, which lowers the impacts
of size reductions. These dynamics of protection offer
insights on the potentially conflicting factors that lead to
PA size reductions, with implications for policymaking to
enhance PA effectiveness and permanence.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106733},
Key = {fds350094}
}
@article{fds366351,
Author = {Sills, E and Pfaff, A and Andrade, L and Kirkpatrick, J and Dickson,
R},
Title = {Investing in local capacity to respond to a federal
environmental mandate: Forest & economic impacts of the
Green Municipality Program in the Brazilian
Amazon},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {129},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104891},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104891},
Key = {fds366351}
}
@article{fds347611,
Author = {Díaz, S and Settele, J and Brondízio, ES and Ngo, HT and Agard, J and Arneth, A and Balvanera, P and Brauman, KA and Butchart, SHM and Chan,
KMA and Garibaldi, LA and Ichii, K and Liu, J and Subramanian, SM and Midgley, GF and Miloslavich, P and Molnár, Z and Obura, D and Pfaff, A and Polasky, S and Purvis, A and Razzaque, J and Reyers, B and Chowdhury,
RR and Shin, Y-J and Visseren-Hamakers, I and Willis, KJ and Zayas,
CN},
Title = {Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to
the need for transformative change.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {366},
Number = {6471},
Pages = {eaax3100},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3100},
Abstract = {The human impact on life on Earth has increased sharply
since the 1970s, driven by the demands of a growing
population with rising average per capita income. Nature is
currently supplying more materials than ever before, but
this has come at the high cost of unprecedented global
declines in the extent and integrity of ecosystems,
distinctness of local ecological communities, abundance and
number of wild species, and the number of local domesticated
varieties. Such changes reduce vital benefits that people
receive from nature and threaten the quality of life of
future generations. Both the benefits of an expanding
economy and the costs of reducing nature's benefits are
unequally distributed. The fabric of life on which we all
depend-nature and its contributions to people-is unravelling
rapidly. Despite the severity of the threats and lack of
enough progress in tackling them to date, opportunities
exist to change future trajectories through transformative
action. Such action must begin immediately, however, and
address the root economic, social, and technological causes
of nature's deterioration.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aax3100},
Key = {fds347611}
}
@article{fds347004,
Author = {Rodriguez, LA and Pfaff, A and Velez, MA},
Title = {Graduated stringency within collective incentives for group
environmental compliance: Building coordination in field-lab
experiments with artisanal gold miners in
Colombia},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {98},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2019.102276},
Abstract = {Small-scale gold mining is important to rural livelihoods in
the developing world but also a source of environmental
externalities. Incentives for individual producers are the
classic policy response for a socially efficient balance
between livelihoods and the environment. Yet monitoring
individual miners is ineffective, or it is very costly,
especially on frontiers with scattered small-scale miners.
We ask whether monitoring at a group level effectively
incentivizes cleaner artisanal mining by combining
lower-cost external monitoring with local collective action.
We employ a mining-framed, threshold-public-goods experiment
in Colombia's Pacific region, with 640 participants from
frontier mining communities. To study compliance with
collective environmental targets, we vary the target
stringency, including to compare increases over time in the
stringency versus decreases. We find that collective
incentives can induce efficient equilibria, with group
compliance – and even inefficient overcompliance –
despite the existence of equilibria with zero contributions.
Yet, for demanding targets in which the reward for
compliance barely outweighs the cost, compliance can
collapse. Those outcomes improve with past successes for
easier targets, however, so our results suggest gain from
building coordination via graduated stringency.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2019.102276},
Key = {fds347004}
}
@article{fds341860,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Rodriguez, LA and Shapiro-Garza, E},
Title = {Collective Local Payments for ecosystem services: New local
PES between groups, sanctions, and prior watershed trust in
Mexico},
Journal = {Water Resources and Economics},
Volume = {28},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wre.2019.01.002},
Abstract = {Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs are now high
in number, if not always in impact. When groups of users pay
groups of service providers, establishing PES involves
collective action. We study the creation of collective PES
institutions, and their continuation, as group coordination.
We use framed lab-in-field experiments with hydroservices
users and providers within watersheds participating in
Mexico's Matching Funds program in Veracruz, Yucatan and
Quintana Roo states. We explore the coordination of
contributions between downstream users and upstream
providers, plus effects of different types of sanctions that
can affect expectations for both users and providers. Both
information alone and sanctions raise contributions overall,
although outcomes varied by site in line with our rankings
of ‘watershed trust’. For instance, monetary sanctions
raise contributions in the watershed we ranked high in
trust, yet initially lowered them for the lowest-trust
watershed. This suggests that upstream-downstream social
capital will be central to new collective local PES, while
our overall trends suggest social capital can be raised by
successful coordination over time.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.wre.2019.01.002},
Key = {fds341860}
}
@article{fds344793,
Author = {Herrera, D and Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Impacts of protected areas vary with the level of
government: Comparing avoided deforestation across agencies
in the Brazilian Amazon.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {30},
Pages = {14916-14925},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802877116},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are the leading tools to conserve
forests. However, given their mixed effectiveness, we want
to know when they have impacts internally and, if they do,
when they have spillovers. Political economy posits roles
for the level of government. One hypothesis is that federal
PAs avoid more internal deforestation than state PAs since
federal agencies consider gains for other jurisdictions.
Such political differences as well as economic mechanisms
can cause PA spillovers to vary greatly, even from
"leakage," more deforestation elsewhere, to "blockage," less
deforestation elsewhere. We examine internal impacts and
local spillovers for Brazilian Amazon federal and state
agencies. Outside the region's "arc of deforestation," we
confirm little internal impact and show no spillovers. In
the "arc," we test impacts by state, as states are large and
feature considerably different dynamics. For internal
impacts, estimates for federal PAs and indigenous lands are
higher than for state PAs. For local spillover impacts,
estimates for most arc states either are not significant or
are not robust; however, for Pará, federal PAs and
indigenous lands feature both internal impacts and local
spillovers. Yet, the spillovers in Pará go in opposite
directions across agencies, leakage for indigenous lands but
blockage for federal PAs, suggesting a stronger external
signal from the environmental agency. Across all these
tools, only federal PAs lower deforestation internally and
nearby. Results suggest that agencies' objectives and
capacities are critical parts of the contexts for
conservation strategies.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1802877116},
Key = {fds344793}
}
@article{fds342540,
Author = {Naidoo, R and Gerkey, D and Hole, D and Pfaff, A and Ellis, AM and Golden,
CD and Herrera, D and Johnson, K and Mulligan, M and Ricketts, TH and Fisher, B},
Title = {Evaluating the impacts of protected areas on human
well-being across the developing world.},
Journal = {Science advances},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {eaav3006},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav3006},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are fundamental for biodiversity
conservation, yet their impacts on nearby residents are
contested. We synthesized environmental and socioeconomic
conditions of >87,000 children in >60,000 households
situated either near or far from >600 PAs within 34
developing countries. We used quasi-experimental
hierarchical regression to isolate the impact of living near
a PA on several aspects of human well-being. Households near
PAs with tourism also had higher wealth levels (by 17%) and
a lower likelihood of poverty (by 16%) than similar
households living far from PAs. Children under 5 years old
living near multiple-use PAs with tourism also had higher
height-for-age scores (by 10%) and were less likely to be
stunted (by 13%) than similar children living far from PAs.
For the largest and most comprehensive socioeconomic-environmental
dataset yet assembled, we found no evidence of negative PA
impacts and consistent statistical evidence to suggest PAs
can positively affect human well-being.},
Doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aav3006},
Key = {fds342540}
}
@article{fds342117,
Author = {Fisher, B and Herrera, D and Adams, D and Fox, HE and Gallagher, L and Gerkey, D and Gill, D and Golden, CD and Hole, D and Johnson, K and Mulligan, M and Myers, SS and Naidoo, R and Pfaff, A and Rasolofoson, R and Selig, ER and Tickner, D and Treuer, T and Ricketts,
T},
Title = {Can nature deliver on the sustainable development
goals?},
Journal = {The Lancet. Planetary health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e112-e113},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30281-x},
Doi = {10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30281-x},
Key = {fds342117}
}
@article{fds338021,
Author = {Panlasigui, S and Jimena Rico-Straffon, and Alexander Pfaff, and Jennifer Swenson, and Colby Loucks},
Title = {Impacts of certification, uncertified concessions, and
protected areas on forest loss in Cameroon, 2000 to
2013},
Journal = {Biological conservation},
Volume = {227},
Pages = {160-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.09.013},
Abstract = {Deforestation and forest fragmentation are leading drivers
of biodiversity loss. Protected areas have been the leading
conservation policy response, yet their scale and scope
remain inadequate to meet biodiversity conservation targets.
Managed forest concessions increasingly have been recognized
as a complement to protected areas in meeting conservation
targets. Similarly, programs for voluntary third-party
certification of concession management aim to create
incentives for logging companies to manage forests more
sustainably. Rigorous evidence on the impacts from
large-scale certification programs is thereby critical, yet
detailed field observations are limited, temporally and
spatially. Remotely-sensed data, in contrast, can provide
repeated observations over time and at a fine spatial scale,
albeit with less detail. Using the Global Forest Change
dataset, we examine annual forest loss in Cameroon during
2000–2013 to assess the impact of Forest Stewardship
Council certification, as well as uncertified logging
concessions and national parks. We use panel regressions
that control for the effects of unobserved factors that vary
across space or time. We find low forest loss inside the
boundaries of each management intervention, with <1% lost
over the study period. Yet those low levels of loss appear
to be influenced more by a site's proximity to drivers of
deforestation, such as distances to population centers or
roads, than by national parks, uncertified concessions, or
certification. The exception is that if a site faces high
deforestation pressure, uncertified logging concessions
appear to reduce forest loss. This may reflect private
companies' incentives to protect rights to forest use. Such
an influence of private logging companies could provide a
foundation for future impacts from certification upon rates
of forest loss, at least within areas that are facing
elevated deforestation pressures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2018.09.013},
Key = {fds338021}
}
@article{fds333561,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Reis, EJ and Walker, R and Perz, S and Laurance, W and Bohrer, C and Aldrich, S and Arima, E and Caldas, M and Kirby, K},
Title = {Roads & SDGs, tradeoffs and synergies: Learning from
Brazil’s Amazon in distinguishing frontiers},
Journal = {Economics},
Volume = {12},
Publisher = {ZBW - German National Library of Economics},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2018-11},
Abstract = {To reduce SDG tradeoffs in infrastructure provision, and to
inform searches for SDG synergies, the authors show that
roads’ impacts on Brazilian Amazon forests varied
significantly across frontiers. Impacts varied predictably
with prior development – prior roads and prior
deforestation – and, further, in a pattern that suggests a
potential synergy for roads between forests and urban
growth. For multiple periods of roads investments, the
authors estimate forest impacts for high, medium and low
prior roads and deforestation. For each setting,
census-tract observations are numerous. Results confirm
predictions for this kind of frontier of a pattern not
consistent with endogeneity, i.e., short-run forest impacts
of new roads are: small for relatively high prior
development; larger for medium prior development; and small
for low prior development (for the latter setting, impacts
in such isolated areas could rise over time, depending on
interactions with conservation policies). These Amazonian
results suggest ‘SDG strategic’ locations for
infrastructure, an idea the authors note for other frontiers
while highlighting major differences across frontiers and
their SDG opportunities.},
Doi = {10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2018-11},
Key = {fds333561}
}
@article{fds332950,
Author = {Tesfaw, AT and Pfaff, A and Golden Kroner and RE and Qin, S and Medeiros,
R and Mascia, MB},
Title = {Land-use and land-cover change shape the sustainability and
impacts of protected areas.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {115},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2084-2089},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716462115},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) remain the dominant policy to protect
biodiversity and ecosystem services but have been shown to
have limited impact when development interests force them to
locations with lower deforestation pressure. Far less known
is that such interests also cause widespread tempering,
reduction, or removal of protection [i.e., PA downgrading,
downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD)]. We inform responses
to PADDD by proposing and testing a bargaining explanation
for PADDD risks and deforestation impacts. We examine recent
degazettements for hydropower development and rural
settlements in the state of Rondônia in the Brazilian
Amazon. Results support two hypotheses: (<i>i</i>)
ineffective PAs (i.e., those where internal deforestation
was similar to nearby rates) were more likely to be
degazetted and (<i>ii</i>) degazettement of ineffective PAs
caused limited, if any, additional deforestation. We also
report on cases in which ineffective portions were upgraded.
Overall our results suggest that enhancing PAs' ecological
impacts enhances their legal durability.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1716462115},
Key = {fds332950}
}
@article{fds327318,
Author = {Kaczan, D and Pfaff, A and Rodriguez, L and Shapiro-Garza,
E},
Title = {Increasing the impact of collective incentives in payments
for ecosystem services},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {48-67},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.06.007},
Abstract = {Collective payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs
make payments to groups, conditional on specified aggregate
land-management outcomes. Such collective contracting may be
well suited to settings with communal land tenure or
decision-making. Given that collective contracting does not
require costly individual-level information on outcomes, it
may also facilitate conditioning on additionality (i.e.,
conditioning payments upon clearly improved outcomes
relative to baseline). Yet collective contracting often
suffers from free-riding, which undermines group outcomes
and may be exacerbated or ameliorated by PES designs. We
study impacts of conditioning on additionality within a
number of collective PES designs. We use a framed
field-laboratory experiment with participants from a new PES
program in Mexico. Because social interactions are critical
within collective processes, we assess the impacts from
conditioning on additionality given: (1) group participation
in contract design, and (2) a group coordination mechanism.
Conditioning on above-baseline outcomes raised
contributions, particularly among initially lower
contributors. Group participation in contract design
increased impact, as did the coordination
mechanism.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2017.06.007},
Key = {fds327318}
}
@article{fds329319,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Spillovers from conservation programs},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {299-315},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053543},
Abstract = {Conservation programs have increased significantly, as has
the evaluation of their impacts. However, the evaluation of
their potential impacts beyond program borders has been
scarce. Such spillovers can significantly reduce or increase
net impacts. In this review, we discuss how conservation
programs might affect outcomes beyond their borders and
present some evidence of when they have or have not. We
focus on five major channels by which spillovers can arise:
(1) input reallocation; (2) market prices; (3) learning; (4)
nonpecuniary motivations; and (5) ecological-physical links.
We highlight evidence for each channel and emphasize that
estimates often may reflect multiple channels. Future
research could test for spillovers within different contexts
and could separate the effects of different
channels.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053543},
Key = {fds329319}
}
@article{fds329320,
Author = {Herrera, D and Ellis, A and Fisher, B and Golden, CD and Johnson, K and Mulligan, M and Pfaff, A and Treuer, T and Ricketts,
TH},
Title = {Upstream watershed condition predicts rural children's
health across 35 developing countries.},
Journal = {Nature communications},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {811},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00775-2},
Abstract = {Diarrheal disease (DD) due to contaminated water is a major
cause of child mortality globally. Forests and wetlands can
provide ecosystem services that help maintain water quality.
To understand the connections between land cover and
childhood DD, we compiled a database of 293,362 children in
35 countries with information on health, socioeconomic
factors, climate, and watershed condition. Using
hierarchical models, here we find that higher upstream tree
cover is associated with lower probability of DD downstream.
This effect is significant for rural households but not for
urban households, suggesting differing dependence on
watershed conditions. In rural areas, the effect of a 30%
increase in upstream tree cover is similar to the effect of
improved sanitation, but smaller than the effect of improved
water source, wealth or education. We conclude that
maintaining natural capital within watersheds can be an
important public health investment, especially for
populations with low levels of built capital.Globally
diarrheal disease through contaminated water sources is a
major cause of child mortality. Here, the authors compile a
database of 293,362 children in 35 countries and find that
upstream tree cover is linked to a lower probability of
diarrheal disease and that increasing tree cover may lower
mortality.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-00775-2},
Key = {fds329320}
}
@article{fds347612,
Author = {Robalino, J and Pfaff, A and Villalobos, L},
Title = {Heterogeneous local spillovers from protected areas in Costa
Rica},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {795-820},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/692089},
Abstract = {Spillovers can significantly reduce or enhance the net
effects of land-use policies, yet there exists little
rigorous evidence concerning their magnitudes. We examine
how Costa Rica’s national parks affect deforestation in
nearby areas. We find that average deforestation spillovers
are not significant in 0–5 km and 5–10 km rings around
the parks. However, this average blends multiple effects
that are significant and that vary in magnitude across the
landscape, yielding varied net impacts. We distinguish the
locations with different net spillovers by their distances
to roads and park entrances—both of which are of economic
importance, given critical local roles for transport costs
and tourism. We find large and statistically significant
leakage close to roads but far from park entrances, which
are areas with high agricultural returns and less influenced
by tourism. We do not find leakage far from roads (lower
agriculture returns) or close to park entrances (higher
tourism returns). Finally, parks facing greater threats of
deforestation show greater leakage.},
Doi = {10.1086/692089},
Key = {fds347612}
}
@article{fds326045,
Author = {Alpízar, F and Nordén, A and Pfaff, A and Robalino,
J},
Title = {Unintended Effects of Targeting an Environmental
Rebate},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {181-202},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-015-9981-2},
Abstract = {When designing schemes such as conditional cash transfers or
payments for ecosystem services, the choice of whom to
select and whom to exclude is critical. We incentivize and
measure actual contributions to an environmental public good
to ascertain whether being excludedfrom a rebate can affect
contributions and, if so, whether the rationale for
exclusion influences such effects. Treatments, i.e., three
rules that determine who is selected and excluded, are
randomly assigned. Two of the rules base exclusion on
subjects’ initial contributions. The third is based upon
location and the rationales are always explained. The rule
that targets the rebate to low initial contributors, who
have more potential to raise contributions, is the only rule
that raised contributions by those selected. Yet by design,
that same rule excludes the subjects who contributed the
most initially. They respond by reducing their contributions
even though their income and prices are unchanged.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-015-9981-2},
Key = {fds326045}
}
@article{fds324881,
Author = {Alpízar, F and Nordén, A and Pfaff, A and Robalino,
J},
Title = {Spillovers from targeting of incentives: Exploring responses
to being excluded},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {87-98},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2017.02.007},
Abstract = {A growing set of policies involve transfers conditioned upon
socially desired actions, such as attending school or
conserving forest. However, given a desire to maximize the
impact of limited funds by avoiding transfers that do not
change behavior, typically some potential recipients are
excluded on the basis of their characteristics, their
actions or at random. This paper uses a laboratory
experiment to study the behavior of individuals excluded on
different bases from a new incentive that encourages real
monetary donations to a public environmental conservation
program. We show that the donations from the individuals who
were excluded based on prior high contributions fell
significantly. Yet the rationale used for exclusion
mattered, in that none of the other selection criteria used
as the basis for exclusion resulted in negative effects on
contributions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.joep.2017.02.007},
Key = {fds324881}
}
@article{fds329167,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Schoenfeld, A and Ahmed, KM and van Geen,
A},
Title = {Reduction in exposure to arsenic from drinking well-water in
Bangladesh limited by insufficient testing and
awareness.},
Journal = {Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development :
a journal of the International Water Association},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {331-339},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.136},
Abstract = {This study considers potential policy responses to the still
very high levels of exposure to arsenic (As) caused by
drinking water from shallow tubewells in rural Bangladesh.
It examines a survey of 4,109 households in 76 villages of
Araihazar upazila conducted two years after a national
testing campaign swept through the area. The area is
adjacent to the region where a long-term study was initiated
in 2000 and where households are periodically reminded of
health risks associated with well-water elevated in As.
Results confirm that testing spurs switching away from
unsafe wells, although the 27% fraction who switched was
only about half of that in the long-term study area. By
village, the fraction of households that switched varied
with the availability of safe wells and the distance from
the long-term study area. Lacking follow-up testing, two
years only after the campaign 21% of households did not know
the status of their well and 21% of households with an
unsafe well that switched did so to an untested well. Well
testing is again urgently needed in Bangladesh and should be
paired with better ways to raise awareness and the
installation of additional deep community
wells.},
Doi = {10.2166/washdev.2017.136},
Key = {fds329167}
}
@article{fds323810,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Santiago-Ávila, F and Joppa, L},
Title = {Evolving protected-area impacts in Mexico: Political shifts
as suggested by impact evaluations},
Journal = {Forests},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-17},
Publisher = {MDPI AG},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f8010017},
Abstract = {For protected areas (PAs), variation in forest impacts over
space-including types of PA-are increasingly well
documented, while shifts in impacts over time receive less
attention. For Mexico, in the 1990s, PAs effectively were
'paper parks'. Thus, achieving impacts on the forest would
require shifts over time in the politics of PA siting and PA
implementation. We rigorously analyze the impacts of Mexican
PAs on 2000-2005 loss of natural land cover, using matching
to reduce location bias caused by typical land-use economics
and politics. We find a 3.2% lower loss, on average, due to
PAs. Since politics often vary by type of PA, we also show
that in Mexico stricter PAs are closer to cities and have
greater impact than mixed-use PAs. These shifts in impacts
suggest some potential for PAs to conserve
forests.},
Doi = {10.3390/f8010017},
Key = {fds323810}
}
@article{fds317855,
Author = {Mandle, L and Bryant, BP and Ruckelshaus, M and Geneletti, D and Kiesecker, JM and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Entry Points for Considering Ecosystem Services within
Infrastructure Planning: How to Integrate Conservation with
Development in Order to Aid Them Both},
Journal = {Conservation Letters},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {221-227},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12201},
Abstract = {New infrastructure is needed globally to support economic
development and improve human well-being. Investments that
do not consider ecosystem services (ES) can eliminate these
important societal benefits from nature, undermining the
development benefits infrastructure is intended to provide.
Such tradeoffs are acknowledged conceptually but in practice
have rarely been considered in infrastructure planning.
Taking road investments as one important case, here we
examine where and what forms of ES information have the
potential to meaningfully influence decisions by
multilateral development banks (MDBs). Across the stages of
a typical road development process, we identify where and
how ES information could be integrated, likely barriers to
the use of available ES information, and key opportunities
to shift incentives and thereby practice. We believe
inclusion of ES information is likely to provide the
greatest development benefit in early stages of
infrastructure decisions. Those strategic planning stages
are typically guided by in-country processes, with MDBs
playing a supporting role, making it critical to express the
ES consequences of infrastructure development using metrics
relevant to government decision makers. This approach
requires additional evidence of the in-country benefits of
cross-sector strategic planning and more tools to lower
barriers to quantifying these benefits and facilitating ES
inclusion.},
Doi = {10.1111/conl.12201},
Key = {fds317855}
}
@article{fds267241,
Author = {Baylis, K and Honey-Rosés, J and Börner, J and Corbera, E and Ezzine-de-Blas, D and Ferraro, PJ and Lapeyre, R and Persson, UM and Pfaff, A and Wunder, S},
Title = {Mainstreaming Impact Evaluation in Nature
Conservation},
Journal = {Conservation Letters},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-64},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1755-263X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12180},
Abstract = {An important part of conservation practice is the empirical
evaluation of program and policy impacts. Understanding why
conservation programs succeed or fail is essential for
designing cost-effective initiatives and for improving the
livelihoods of natural resource users. The evidence we seek
can be generated with modern impact evaluation designs. Such
designs measure causal effects of specific interventions by
comparing outcomes with the interventions to outcomes in
credible counterfactual scenarios. Good designs also
identify the conditions under which the causal effect
arises. Despite a critical need for empirical evidence,
conservation science has been slow to adopt these impact
evaluation designs. We identify reasons for the slow rate of
adoption and provide suggestions for mainstreaming impact
evaluation in nature conservation.},
Doi = {10.1111/conl.12180},
Key = {fds267241}
}
@misc{fds359602,
Author = {de Melo, J and Pfaff, A and Tarr, D},
Title = {Welfare costs and rent premia when quotas are not
transferable},
Pages = {487-495},
Booktitle = {TRADE POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITION},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789813108448},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813108448_0021},
Abstract = {Rationing is pervasive in transition economies and in many
developing countries. This paper contrasts the welfare costs
of two forms of rationing: with and without license
transferability among license holders. In the latter case,
for a given level of rationing, welfare costs will be higher
if users of rationed products have different elasticities of
demand. Illustrative general-equilibrium-based numerical
calculations are carried out to derive orders of magnitude
of the costs of rationing for an economy that trades 40
percent of its GDP with half of its imports concentrated in
manufactures. In this setting, rationing of manufactures to
70 percent of their free-trade desired level reduces
free-trade income by 6 percent when licenses are
transferable. Nontransferability of licenses adds
approximately 20 percent to the costs of
rationing.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789813108448_0021},
Key = {fds359602}
}
@article{fds267243,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Vélez, MA and Ramos, PA and Molina,
A},
Title = {Framed field experiment on resource scarcity &
extraction: Path-dependent generosity within sequential
water appropriation},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {120},
Pages = {416-429},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.06.002},
Abstract = {How one treats others is important within collective action.
We ask if resource scarcity in the past, due to its effects
upon past behaviors, influences current other-regarding
behaviors. Contrasting theories and empirical findings on
scarcity motivate our framed field experiment. Participants
are rural Colombian farmers who have experienced scarcity of
water within irrigation. We randomly assign participants to
groups and places on group canals. Places order extraction
decisions. Our treatments are sequences of scarcities: 'from
lower to higher resources' involves four rounds each of 20,
60, then 100 units of water; 'from higher to lower
resources' reverses the ordering. We find that upstream
farmers extract more, but a lower share, when facing higher
resources. Further they take a larger share of higher
resources when they faced lower resources in earlier rounds
(relative to when facing higher resources initially). That
is inconsistent with leading models of responses to scarcity
which focus upon one's own gain. It is consistent with
lowering one's weight on others to, for instance,
rationalize having left them little. Our results suggest
that facing higher scarcity can erode the bases for
collective actions. For establishing new institutions,
timing relative to scarcity could affect the probability of
success.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.06.002},
Key = {fds267243}
}
@article{fds291308,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Sandoval, C and Herrera,
D},
Title = {Protected area types, strategies and impacts in Brazil's
Amazon: public protected area strategies do not yield a
consistent ranking of protected area types by
impact.},
Journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Series B, Biological sciences},
Volume = {370},
Number = {1681},
Pages = {20140273},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0962-8436},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0273},
Abstract = {The leading policy to conserve forest is protected areas
(PAs). Yet, PAs are not a single tool: land users and uses
vary by PA type; and public PA strategies vary in the extent
of each type and in the determinants of impact for each
type, i.e. siting and internal deforestation. Further,
across regions and time, strategies respond to pressures
(deforestation and political). We estimate deforestation
impacts of PA types for a critical frontier, the Brazilian
Amazon. We separate regions and time periods that differ in
their deforestation and political pressures and document
considerable variation in PA strategies across regions, time
periods and types. The siting of PAs varies across regions.
For example, all else being equal, PAs in the arc of
deforestation are relatively far from non-forest, while in
other states they are relatively near. Internal
deforestation varies across time periods, e.g. it is more
similar across the PA types for PAs after 2000. By contrast,
after 2000, PA extent is less similar across PA types with
little non-indigenous area created inside the arc. PA
strategies generate a range of impacts for PA types--always
far higher within the arc--but not a consistent ranking of
PA types by impact.},
Doi = {10.1098/rstb.2014.0273},
Key = {fds291308}
}
@article{fds267245,
Author = {Blackman, A and Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Paper park performance: Mexico's natural protected areas in
the 1990s},
Journal = {Global Environmental Change},
Volume = {31},
Pages = {50-61},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0959-3780},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.12.004},
Abstract = {Although developing countries have established scores of new
protected areas over the past three decades, they often
amount to little more than "paper parks" that are
chronically short of the financial, human, and technical
resources needed for effective management. It is not clear
whether and how severely under-resourced parks affect
deforestation. In principle, they could either stem it by,
for example, creating an expectation of future enforcement,
or they could spur it by, for example, creating open access
regimes. We examine the effect of Mexico's natural protected
areas (NPAs) on deforestation from 1993 to 2000, a period
when forest clearing was rampant and the vast majority of
protected areas had negligible resources or management. We
use high-resolution satellite data to measure deforestation
and (covariate and propensity score) matching to control for
NPAs' nonrandom siting and for spillovers. Our broad finding
is that Mexico's paper parks had heterogeneous effects both
inside and outside their borders. More specifically, at the
national-level, we cannot reject the null hypothesis that
NPAs had zero average effect on clearing inside their
borders, nor can we reject a similar hypothesis for
spillover clearing outside their borders. However, we can
detect statistically and economically significant inside-
and outside-NPA effects for certain geographic regions.
Moreover, these effects have different signs depending on
the region. Finally, we find that NPAs with certain
characteristics were more effective at stemming
deforestation inside their borders, namely, those that were
large, new, mixed use, and relatively well-funded. Taken
together, these results suggest that paper parks have the
potential to either reduce or exacerbate tropical
deforestation and highlight the need for further research on
the conditions that lead to each outcome.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.12.004},
Key = {fds267245}
}
@article{fds267242,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Herrera, D and Sandoval,
C},
Title = {Protected Areas' Impacts on Brazilian Amazon Deforestation:
Examining Conservation-Development Interactions to Inform
Planning.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0129460},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129460},
Abstract = {Protected areas are the leading forest conservation policy
for species and ecoservices goals and they may feature in
climate policy if countries with tropical forest rely on
familiar tools. For Brazil's Legal Amazon, we estimate the
average impact of protection upon deforestation and show how
protected areas' forest impacts vary significantly with
development pressure. We use matching, i.e., comparisons
that are apples-to-apples in observed land characteristics,
to address the fact that protected areas (PAs) tend to be
located on lands facing less pressure. Correcting for that
location bias lowers our estimates of PAs' forest impacts by
roughly half. Further, it reveals significant variation in
PA impacts along development-related dimensions: for
example, the PAs that are closer to roads and the PAs closer
to cities have higher impact. Planners have multiple
conservation and development goals, and are constrained by
cost, yet still conservation planning should reflect what
our results imply about future impacts of
PAs.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0129460},
Key = {fds267242}
}
@article{fds267244,
Author = {Sills, EO and Herrera, D and Kirkpatrick, AJ and Brandão, A and Dickson, R and Hall, S and Pattanayak, S and Shoch, D and Vedoveto, M and Young, L and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Estimating the Impacts of Local Policy Innovation: The
Synthetic Control Method Applied to Tropical
Deforestation.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {7},
Pages = {e0132590},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132590},
Abstract = {Quasi-experimental methods increasingly are used to evaluate
the impacts of conservation interventions by generating
credible estimates of counterfactual baselines. These
methods generally require large samples for statistical
comparisons, presenting a challenge for evaluating
innovative policies implemented within a few pioneering
jurisdictions. Single jurisdictions often are studied using
comparative methods, which rely on analysts' selection of
best case comparisons. The synthetic control method (SCM)
offers one systematic and transparent way to select cases
for comparison, from a sizeable pool, by focusing upon
similarity in outcomes before the intervention. We explain
SCM, then apply it to one local initiative to limit
deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The municipality of
Paragominas launched a multi-pronged local initiative in
2008 to maintain low deforestation while restoring economic
production. This was a response to having been placed, due
to high deforestation, on a federal "blacklist" that
increased enforcement of forest regulations and restricted
access to credit and output markets. The local initiative
included mapping and monitoring of rural land plus promotion
of economic alternatives compatible with low deforestation.
The key motivation for the program may have been to reduce
the costs of blacklisting. However its stated purpose was to
limit deforestation, and thus we apply SCM to estimate what
deforestation would have been in a (counterfactual) scenario
of no local initiative. We obtain a plausible estimate, in
that deforestation patterns before the intervention were
similar in Paragominas and the synthetic control, which
suggests that after several years, the initiative did lower
deforestation (significantly below the synthetic control in
2012). This demonstrates that SCM can yield helpful land-use
counterfactuals for single units, with opportunities to
integrate local and expert knowledge and to test innovations
and permutations on policies that are implemented in just a
few locations.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0132590},
Key = {fds267244}
}
@article{fds267246,
Author = {Robalino, J and Sandoval, C and Barton, DN and Chacon, A and Pfaff,
A},
Title = {Evaluating interactions of forest conservation policies on
avoided deforestation.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e0124910},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124910},
Abstract = {We estimate the effects on deforestation that have resulted
from policy interactions between parks and payments and
between park buffers and payments in Costa Rica between 2000
and 2005. We show that the characteristics of the areas
where protected and unprotected lands are located differ
significantly. Additionally, we find that land
characteristics of each of the policies and of the places
where they interact also differ significantly. To adequately
estimate the effects of the policies and their interactions,
we use matching methods. Matching is implemented not only to
define adequate control groups, as in previous research, but
also to define those groups of locations under the influence
of policies that are comparable to each other. We find that
it is more effective to locate parks and payments away from
each other, rather than in the same location or near each
other. The high levels of enforcement inside both parks and
lands with payments, and the presence of conservation
spillovers that reduce deforestation near parks,
significantly reduce the potential impact of combining these
two policies.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0124910},
Key = {fds267246}
}
@article{fds267258,
Author = {Balasubramanya, S and Pfaff, A and Bennear, L and Tarozzi, A and Ahmed,
KM and Schoenfeld, A and van Geen, A},
Title = {Evolution of households' responses to the groundwater
arsenic crisis in Bangladesh: information on environmental
health risks can have increasing behavioral impact over
time.},
Journal = {Environment and development economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {5},
Pages = {631-647},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1355-770X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000612},
Abstract = {A national campaign of well testing through 2003 enabled
households in rural Bangladesh to switch, at least for
drinking, from high-arsenic wells to neighboring
lower-arsenic wells. We study the well-switching dynamics
over time by re-interviewing, in 2008, a randomly selected
subset of households in the Araihazar region who had been
interviewed in 2005. Contrary to concerns that the impact of
arsenic information on switching behavior would erode over
time, we find that not only was 2003-2005 switching highly
persistent but also new switching by 2008 doubled the share
of households at unsafe wells who had switched. The passage
of time also had a cost: 22% of households did not recall
test results by 2008. The loss of arsenic knowledge led to
staying at unsafe wells and switching from safe wells. Our
results support ongoing well testing for arsenic to
reinforce this beneficial information.},
Doi = {10.1017/s1355770x13000612},
Key = {fds267258}
}
@article{fds267257,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Lima, E and Sandoval, C and Herrera,
LD},
Title = {Governance, Location and Avoided Deforestation from
Protected Areas: Greater Restrictions Can Have Lower Impact,
Due to Differences in Location},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {7-20},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.011},
Abstract = {For Acre, in the Brazilian Amazon, we find that protection
types with differences in governance, including different
constraints on local economic development, also differ in
their locations. Taking this into account, we estimate the
deforestation impacts of these protection types that feature
different levels of restrictions. To avoid bias, we compare
these protected locations with unprotected locations that
are similar in their characteristics relevant for
deforestation. We find that sustainable use protection,
whose governance permits some local deforestation, is found
on sites with high clearing threat. That allows more avoided
deforestation than from integral protection, which bans
clearing but seems feasible only further from deforestation
threats. Based on our results, it seems that the political
economy involved in siting such restrictions on production
is likely to affect the ability of protected areas to reduce
emissions from deforestation and degradation. © 2013
Elsevier Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.011},
Key = {fds267257}
}
@article{fds267252,
Author = {Haruna, A and Pfaff, A and Van Den Ende and S and Joppa,
L},
Title = {Evolving protected-area impacts in Panama: Impact shifts
show that plans require anticipation},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {035007-035007},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/3/035007},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are the leading forest conservation
policy, so accurate evaluation of future PA impact is
critical in conservation planning. Yet by necessity impact
evaluations use past data. Here we argue that
forward-looking plans should blend such evaluations with
anticipation of shifts in threats. Applying improved methods
to evaluate past impact, we provide rigorous support for
that conceptual approach by showing that PAs' impacts on
deforestation shifted with land use. We study the Republic
of Panama, where species-dense tropical forest faces real
pressure. Facing variation in deforestation pressure, the
PAs' impacts varied across space and time. Thus, if shifts
in pressure levels and patterns could be anticipated, that
could raise impact. © 2014 IOP Publishing
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/9/3/035007},
Key = {fds267252}
}
@article{fds317856,
Author = {Alpizar, F and Norden, A and Pfaff, A and Robalino,
J},
Title = {Behavioral Spillovers from Targeted Incentives: Losses from
Excluded Individuals Can Counter Gains from Those
Selected},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {An increasing number of policies condition transfers upon
the taking of socially desired actions − such as donating
blood, departing conflict or mitigating climate change. Many
such incentives are targeted, i.e., they exclude individuals
based on potential recipients' characteristics or actions.
We hypothesize that: pro-sociality can be reduced by
exclusion despite no price or income changes; and, further,
the rationale for excluding people can itself influence
whether any such undesirable side effects of pro-social
incentives arise. To test for such 'behavioral spillovers',
we use a laboratory experiment to study a subsidy to
pro-social donations in which subjects are fully informed
about why they are selected, or not, for the subsidy. We
introduce three selection rules and track changes in
donations. Selecting for the subsidy those who initially
acted less pro-social (i.e., gave little to start) increased
donations, while rewarding greater pro-sociality did not.
Yet the selection rule which targeted those with lower prior
pro-sociality also intentionally excluded the people who
donated more initially and that selection rule reduced the
donations by the excluded. This shows a tradeoff between
losses from excluded and gains from selected
individuals.},
Key = {fds317856}
}
@article{fds317857,
Author = {Alpizar, F and Norden, A and Pfaff, A and Robalino,
J},
Title = {Effects of Exclusion from a Conservation Policy: Negative
Behavioral Spillovers from Targeted Incentives},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {A critical issue in the design of incentive mechanisms is
the choice of whom to target. For forests, the leading rules
are (1) target locations with high ecosystem-service
density; (2) target additionality, i.e., locations where
conservation would not occur without the incentive; and, (3)
at least effectively reward previous private choices to
conserve forest. We use a field experiment to examine the
changes in contributions to forest conservation when we
introduce each of these selection rules. For individuals who
are selected, we find that targeting additionality (rule 2)
is the only scheme to increase contributions. However, that
selection rule intentionally excludes those who contributed
most previously, and it is the only one to generate
significant “behavioral leakage,” i.e., negative
spillovers or a decrease in contributions by those who are
excluded (and who face no price or income changes). Our
results demonstrate a tradeoff in targeting and a challenge
for optimal policy design.},
Key = {fds317857}
}
@article{fds267259,
Author = {Mueller, V and Pfaff, A and Peabody, J and Liu, Y and Smith,
KR},
Title = {Improving stove evaluation using survey data: Who received
which intervention matters},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {301-312},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.06.001},
Abstract = {As biomass fuel use in developing countries causes
substantial harm to health and the environment, efficient
stoves are candidates for subsidies to reduce emissions. In
evaluating improved stoves' relative benefits, little
attention has been given to who received which stove
intervention due to choices that are made by agencies and
households. Using Chinese household data, we find that the
owners of more efficient stoves (i.e., clean-fuel and
improved-biomass stoves, as compared with
traditional-biomass and coal stoves) live in less healthy
counties and differ, across and within counties, in terms of
household characteristics such as various assets. On net,
that caused efficient stoves to look worse for health than
they actually are. We control for counties and household
characteristics in testing stove impacts. Unlike tests that
lack controls, our preferred tests with controls suggest
health benefits from clean-fuel versus traditional-biomass
stoves. Also, they eliminate surprising estimates of health
benefits from coal, found without using controls. Our
results show the value, for learning, of tracking who gets
which intervention. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.06.001},
Key = {fds267259}
}
@article{fds267287,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Velez, MA and Taddei, R and Broad, K},
Title = {Unequal Information, Unequal Allocation: Bargaining field
experiments in NE Brazil},
Journal = {Environmental Science and Policy},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {90-101},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1462-9011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.002},
Abstract = {We assess how unequal information affects the bargaining
within resource allocation, a stakeholder interaction that
is critical for climate adaptation within the water sector.
Motivated by water allocation among unequal actors in NE
Brazil, within Ceará State, we employ 'ultimatum' field
experiments in which one participant lacks information. We
find that, despite having veto power, the less informed are
vulnerable to inequity. When all are informed, we see a
typical resource split (60% initiator-40% responder) that
balances an initiator's advantage with a responder's
willingness to punish greed. When instead responders have
only a resource forecast upon which to base decisions, the
fully informed initiators get 80% of resources for
conditions of resource scarcity. Thus, despite each of the
stakeholder types having an unquestioned 'seat at the
table', information asymmetries make bargaining outcomes
more unequal. Our results are widely relevant for adaptation
involving the joint use of information, and suggest that
equity can rise with dissemination of scientific outputs
that are integral in adaptation. © 2012 Elsevier
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.002},
Key = {fds267287}
}
@article{fds267260,
Author = {Robalino, J and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Ecopayments and deforestation in Costa Rica: A nationwide
analysis of PSA's initial years},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Pages = {432-448},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.89.3.432},
Abstract = {We offer a nationwide analysis of the initial years of Costa
Rica's PSA program, which pioneered environmental-services
payments and inspired similar initiatives. Our estimates of
this program's impact on deforestation, between 1997 and
2000, range from zero to one-fifth of 1% per year (i.e.,
deforestation is avoided on, at most, 2 out of every 1,000
enrolled hectares). The main explanation for such a low
impact is an already low national deforestation rate. We
also consider the effect of enrollment. Predicted
deforestation on enrolled versus nonenrolled hectares, and
matching analyses suggest an enrollment bias toward lower
clearing threat. Enrolling land facing higher threat could
raise payments' impact on deforestation. © 2013 by the
Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.89.3.432},
Key = {fds267260}
}
@article{fds267261,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Amacher, GS and Sills, EO},
Title = {Realistic REDD: Improving the forest impacts of domestic
policies in different settings},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {114-135},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/res023},
Abstract = {Both theory and evidence regarding forest-relevant decisions
by various agents suggest that there are significant
constraints on the effectiveness of domestic policies for
REDD (i.e., in facilitating a reduction in emissions from
deforestation and forest degradation). Economic theory and
empirical research identify many factors that affect the
incentives for forest clearing, thereby limiting the impact
of policies intended to alter any one factor. We summarize
three theoretical frameworks that could be employed to gain
insights into how to improve REDD policy design. Economists
commonly use these frameworks to model decisions in many
settings that are relevant for forests and REDD: (1)
producer profit maximization given market integration,
focusing on the spatial distributions of competing land
uses; (2) rural household optimization given incomplete
markets and household heterogeneity, to explain uses of land
and forest; and (3) public optimization given production and
corruption responses by private firms, which we illustrate
with harvesting concessions and which is affected by
decentralization. We also review empirical evidence
concerning the impacts of forest conservation,
forest-relevant development, and decentralization within the
settings described by these models. Both the theory and the
evidence suggest that REDD outcomes can be improved by
designing policy to match its setting-the relevant local
agents and institutions. (JEL: Q15, Q24, Q28, Q38, Q54, Q56,
Q57, O13, O21, R12, R14, H4) © The Author 2013. Published
by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of
Environmental and Resource Economists. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/res023},
Key = {fds267261}
}
@article{fds267263,
Author = {Engel, S and Palmer, C and Pfaff, A},
Title = {On the endogeneity of resource comanagement: Theory and
evidence from indonesia},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {308-329},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.89.2.308},
Abstract = {We examine theoretically the emergence of participatory
comanagement agreements that share between state and user
the management of resources and the benefits from use. Going
beyond useruser interactions, our state-user model addresses
a critical question-when will comanagement arise?- in order
to consider the right baseline for evaluating comanagement's
forest and welfare impacts. We then compare our model's
hypotheses concerning de facto rights, negotiated
agreements, and transfers (all endogenous) with
community-level data including observed agreements in a
protected Indonesian forest. These unique data could refute
the model, despite being limited, but instead offer support.
© 2013 by the Board of Regents of the University of
Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.89.2.308},
Key = {fds267263}
}
@misc{fds332951,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Amacher, GS and Sills, EO and Coren, MJ and Streck, C and Lawlor, K},
Title = {Deforestation and Forest Degradation: Concerns, Causes,
Policies, and Their Impacts},
Volume = {2-3},
Pages = {144-149},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental
Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780080964522},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375067-9.00052-8},
Abstract = {National and international efforts to reduce loss of
tropical forests, while having some impacts, have largely
failed to substantially slow the rates of loss from
deforestation and forest degradation that reduce species
habitat while accounting for 12-17% of the world's
greenhouse gas emissions. To wit, within the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change, negotiators are
actively considering ways to provide incentives for tropical
forest conservation and thus carbon storage plus other
service co-benefits. Policy effectiveness, efficiency, and
equity can increase if we learn lessons from the past about
what drives and what inhibits deforestation and degradation,
understanding what has worked or not, and the
reasons.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-375067-9.00052-8},
Key = {fds332951}
}
@misc{fds366690,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Predicting Policy Impact on Tropical Dry
Forests},
Pages = {411-427},
Booktitle = {Tropical Dry Forests in the Americas: Ecology, Conservation,
and Management},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781466512016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15417-26},
Abstract = {A central goal for those who would like to see additional
and improved policy for TDFs is to nd ways in which relevant
private actors will take these societal values into
consideration. This is a big challenge. At the national
level, policy makers themselves should consider signicant
tradeoffs when making decisions whether to protect forests
or whether to allow their conversion. Furthermore, national
policies may not reect the global value of the dry forests.
Because many forest services are global public goods,
optimal forest conservation is inevitably an international
issue.},
Doi = {10.1201/b15417-26},
Key = {fds366690}
}
@article{fds267262,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Lima, E and Sandoval, C and Herrera,
LD},
Title = {Governance, Location and Avoided Deforestation from
Protected Areas: Greater Restrictions Can Have Lower Impact,
Due to Differences in Location},
Journal = {World Development},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.011},
Abstract = {For Acre, in the Brazilian Amazon, we find that protection
types with differences in governance, including different
constraints on local economic development, also differ in
their locations. Taking this into account, we estimate the
deforestation impacts of these protection types that feature
different levels of restrictions. To avoid bias, we compare
these protected locations with unprotected locations that
are similar in their characteristics relevant for
deforestation. We find that sustainable use protection,
whose governance permits some local deforestation, is found
on sites with high clearing threat. That allows more avoided
deforestation than from integral protection, which bans
clearing but seems feasible only further from deforestation
threats. Based on our results, it seems that the political
economy involved in siting such restrictions on production
is likely to affect the ability of protected areas to reduce
emissions from deforestation and degradation. © 2013
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.011},
Key = {fds267262}
}
@article{fds267289,
Author = {Fonseca, MA and Pfaff, A and Osgood, D},
Title = {The advantage of resource queues over spot resource markets:
Decision coordination in experiments under resource
uncertainty},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1136-1153},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-9092},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas065},
Abstract = {Farmers have to make key decisions, such as which crops to
plant or whether to prepare the soil, before knowing how
much water they will get. They face losses if they make
costly decisions but do not receive water, and they may
forego profits if they receive water without being prepared.
We consider the coordination of farmers' decisions, such as
which crops to plant or whether to prepare the soil when
farmers must divide an uncertain water supply. We compare
ex-ante queues (pre-decision) to an ex-post spot market
(post-decision & post-rain) in experiments in rural Brazil
and a university in England. Queues have greater
coordination success than does the spot market. © 2012 The
Author.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajae/aas065},
Key = {fds267289}
}
@article{fds267290,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Protecting forests, biodiversity, and the climate:
Predicting policy impact to improve policy
choice},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164-179},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0266-903X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grs012},
Abstract = {Policies must balance forest conservation's local costs with
its benefits-local to global-in terms of biodiversity, the
mitigation of climate change, and other eco-services such as
water quality. The trade-offs with development vary across
forest locations. We argue that considering location in
three ways helps to predict policy impact and improve policy
choice: (i) policy impacts vary by location because baseline
deforestation varies with characteristics (market distances,
slopes, soils, etc.) of locations in a landscape; (ii)
different mixes of political-economic pressures drive the
location of different policies; and (iii) policies can
trigger 'second-order' or 'spillover' effects likely to
differ by location. We provide empirical evidence that
suggests the importance of all three considerations, by
reviewing high-quality evaluations of the impact of
conservation and development on forest. Impacts of
well-enforced conservation rise with private clearing
pressure, supporting (i). Protection types (e.g.
federal/state) differ in locations and thus in impacts,
supporting (ii). Differences in development process explain
different signs for spillovers, supporting (iii). © The
Authors 2012. Published by Oxford University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/grs012},
Key = {fds267290}
}
@article{fds267288,
Author = {Robalino, JA and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Contagious development: Neighbor interactions in
deforestation},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Pages = {427-436},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.06.003},
Abstract = {We estimate neighbor interactions in deforestation in Costa
Rica. To address simultaneity and the presence of spatially
correlated unobservables, we measure for neighbors'
deforestation using the slopes of neighbors' and neighbors'
neighbors' parcels. We find that neighboring deforestation
significantly raises the probability of deforestation.
Policies for agricultural development or forest conservation
in one area will affect deforestation rates in non-targeted
neighboring areas. Correct estimation of the interaction
reverses the naive estimate's prediction of multiple
equilibria. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.06.003},
Key = {fds267288}
}
@article{fds267286,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Vélez, MA},
Title = {Efficiency and equity in negotiated resource transfers:
Contributions and limitations of trust with limited
contracts},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {74},
Pages = {55-63},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.009},
Abstract = {We consider a case of water reallocation in Brazil, one
which has numerous analogs elsewhere. To permit empirical
study of the effects of institutions that can facilitate or
restrict allocations, we conducted field experiments to
explore trust's potential when resource contracts are
limited, using a novel asymmetric-productivity ultimatum
game with a final surplus-sharing step added. As a form of
informal institution, trust could in principle make rights
and contracts unnecessary. We observe whether trust in
compensation is in fact expected and expressed. We also
explore whether trust is exploited, and the effect of
communication, within our two bargaining structures: (1) no
communication; and (2) with a non-binding message concerning
the surplus to be shared. We see that our participants both
expect and express trust that some of the surplus will be
shared. Trust raises total output and some surplus is indeed
shared: those who trust gain a bit on average; and the more
trust was shown, the more was shared. However, often the
trust was barely repaid. Further, the messages-found to help
in other research-had little impact and were often untrue.
In sum, trust does matter but both efficiency and equity
could well rise with complete contracts. © 2011 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.009},
Key = {fds267286}
}
@misc{fds267248,
Author = {Robalino, J and Pfaff, A and Villalobos, L},
Title = {Assessing the impact of institutional design of payments for
environmental services: The costa rican experience},
Pages = {305-318},
Booktitle = {Ecosystem Services from Agriculture and Agroforestry:
Measurement and Payment},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781849775656},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849775656},
Doi = {10.4324/9781849775656},
Key = {fds267248}
}
@misc{fds361788,
Author = {Robalino, J and Pfaff, A and Villalobos, L},
Title = {Assessing the Impact of Institutional Design of Payments for
Environmental Services: The Costa Rican Experience},
Pages = {305-318},
Booktitle = {Ecosystem Services from Agriculture and Agroforestry:
Measurement and Payment},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781849711470},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849775656-26},
Abstract = {By now, these programmes have been implemented in many
countries of the Latin American region (e.g. Mexico, Ecuador
and Colombia). But Costa Rica was one of the first
developing countries to implement this policy nationwide,
recognizing legally that forests generate services that need
to be compensated. This pioneering effort was called the
Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programme. It
officially started in 1997 and is still under
way.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781849775656-26},
Key = {fds361788}
}
@article{fds267291,
Author = {Bennear, L and Tarozzi, A and Pfaff, A and Balasubramanya, S and Ahmed,
KM and Geen, AV},
Title = {Impact of a randomized controlled trial in arsenic risk
communication on household water-source choices in
Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {225-240},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.006},
Abstract = {We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural
Bangladesh to examine how household drinking-water choices
were affected by two different messages about risk from
naturally occurring groundwater arsenic. Households in both
randomized treatment arms were informed about the arsenic
level in their well and whether that level was above or
below the Bangladesh standard for arsenic. Households in one
group of villages were encouraged to seek water from wells
below the national standard. Households in the second group
of villages received additional information explaining that
lower-arsenic well water is always safer and these
households were encouraged to seek water from wells with
lower levels of arsenic, irrespective of the national
standard. A simple model of household drinking-water choice
indicates that the effect of the emphasis message is
theoretically ambiguous. Empirically, we find that the
richer message had a negative, but insignificant, effect on
well-switching rates, but the estimates are sufficiently
precise that we can rule out large positive effects. The
main policy implication of this finding is that a one-time
oral message conveying richer information on arsenic risks,
while inexpensive and easily scalable, is unlikely to be
successful in reducing exposure relative to the status-quo
policy. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.006},
Key = {fds267291}
}
@article{fds267285,
Author = {Mueller, V and Pfaff, A and Peabody, J and Liu, Y and Smith,
KR},
Title = {Demonstrating bias and improved inference for stoves' health
benefits.},
Journal = {International journal of epidemiology},
Volume = {40},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1643-1651},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0300-5771},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr150},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Many studies associate health risks with
household air pollution from biomass fuels and stoves.
Evaluations of stove improvements can suffer from bias
because they rarely address health-relevant differences
between the households who get improvements and those who do
not.<h4>Methods</h4>We demonstrate both the potential for
bias and an option for improved stove inference by applying
to household air pollution a technique used elsewhere in
epidemiology, propensity-score matching (PSM), based on a
stoves-and-health survey for China (15 counties, 3500
households).<h4>Results</h4>Health-relevant factors (age,
wealth, kitchen ventilation) do in fact differ considerably
between the households with stove improvements and those
without. We study the resulting bias in estimates of
cleaner-stove impacts using a self-reported Physical
Component Summary (PCS). Typical stoves-literature
regressions with little control for non-stove factors
suggest no benefits from a cleaner-fuel stove relative to a
traditional biomass stove. Yet increasing controls raises
the impact estimates. Our PSM estimates address the
differences in health-relevant factors using 'apples to
apples' comparisons between those with improved stoves and
'similar' households. This generates higher estimates of
clean-stove benefits, which are on the order of one half the
standard deviation of the PCS outcome.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our
data demonstrate the potential importance of bias in
household air pollution studies. This results from failure
to address the possibility that those receiving improved
stoves are themselves prone to better or worse health
outcomes. It suggests the value of data collection and of
study design for cookstove interventions and, more
generally, for policy interventions within many health
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1093/ije/dyr150},
Key = {fds267285}
}
@article{fds317859,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Amacher, GS and Sills, EO},
Title = {Getting REDDy: Understanding and Improving Domestic Policy
Impacts on Forest Loss},
Journal = {Duke Environmental Economics Working Paper},
Number = {11},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Many constraints upon REDD policies’ ability to reduce
forest loss are common across settings, inherent in the fact
that agents making key choices respond also to other factors
that influence the overall incentive to clear or to degrade
a forest instead of conserving it. The record is mixed, at
best, with regard to past public interventions to reduce
forest loss, signaling the need to disseminate and to
improve conceptual models of policy responses. We summarize
3 distinct models employed by economists to assess policy
effectiveness: (1) producer profit maximization in choosing
spatial extent and distribution of land uses, given complete
markets; (2) rural household optimization given both
incomplete markets and varied household assets and tastes;
and (3) public optimization within interconnected choices
about concessions, corruption and decentralization, all
important for degradation (‘D ’ in REDD). Each model’s
perspective on impact leads to a review of the evidence. We
consider the impacts of forest-conservation and
forest-relevant-development policies for the settings and
decisions, and at the scales, for which each of the models
best applies. Theory and evidence suggest options to
increase the impacts of domestic REDD policies.},
Key = {fds317859}
}
@article{fds317860,
Author = {Tarozzi, A and Bennear, LS and Pfaff, A and Soumya, HB and Ahmed, KM and van Geen, A},
Title = {Bright Lines, Risk Beliefs, and Risk Avoidance: Evidence
from a Randomized Intervention in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke Working
Paper},
Number = {77},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {We randomized 43 villages in Bangladesh to receive
information on well-water arsenic that emphasized water
safety relative to the national standard (bright-line
message) or provided additional information on how risks
from exposure increase with arsenic levels (gradient
message). The gradient message led to 50% more switching of
water sources when the arsenic level was moderately unsafe,
but 40% less switching at high arsenic levels. The
differences in behavior are at least partially explained by
differences in risk perception that developed after the
information campaign.},
Key = {fds317860}
}
@article{fds267284,
Author = {Joppa, LN and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Global protected area impacts.},
Journal = {Proceedings. Biological sciences},
Volume = {278},
Number = {1712},
Pages = {1633-1638},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0962-8452},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1713},
Abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) dominate conservation efforts. They
will probably play a role in future climate policies too, as
global payments may reward local reductions of loss of
natural land cover. We estimate the impact of PAs on natural
land cover within each of 147 countries by comparing
outcomes inside PAs with outcomes outside. We use 'matching'
(or 'apples to apples') for land characteristics to control
for the fact that PAs very often are non-randomly
distributed across their national landscapes. Protection
tends towards land that, if unprotected, is less likely than
average to be cleared. For 75 per cent of countries, we find
protection does reduce conversion of natural land cover.
However, for approximately 80 per cent of countries, our
global results also confirm (following smaller-scale
studies) that controlling for land characteristics reduces
estimated impact by half or more. This shows the importance
of controlling for at least a few key land characteristics.
Further, we show that impacts vary considerably within a
country (i.e. across a landscape): protection achieves less
on lands far from roads, far from cities and on steeper
slopes. Thus, while planners are, of course, constrained by
other conservation priorities and costs, they could target
higher impacts to earn more global payments for reduced
deforestation.},
Doi = {10.1098/rspb.2010.1713},
Key = {fds267284}
}
@article{fds317861,
Author = {Fonseca, MA and Pfaff, A and Osgood, DE},
Title = {Efficiency Gains from Pre-Investment Resource Queues:
Coordinating Investment Under Resource Uncertainty},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Farmers make investments before knowing how much water they
will receive later in the season. The costs of the
inefficiently high or low investment that may result can be
significant. A spot market that efficiently allocates water
once quantity is realized is unlikely to coordinate
simultaneous efficient investments earlier in the season.
This paper compares pre-established queues to a
post-investment-and-resource-realization market in
coordinating investment whose productivity depends on having
the uncertain resource.},
Key = {fds317861}
}
@article{fds267283,
Author = {Yin, H and Pfaff, A and Kunreuther, H},
Title = {Can environmental insurance succeed where other strategies
fail? The case of underground storage tanks.},
Journal = {Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for
Risk Analysis},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {12-24},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0272-4332},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01479.x},
Abstract = {Private risk reduction will be socially efficient only when
firms are liable for all the damage that they cause. We find
that environmental insurance can achieve social efficiency
even when two traditional policy instruments--ex
post fines and risk management mandates with ex
ante fines--do not. Inefficiency occurs with ex
post fines, when small firms declare bankruptcy and escape
their liabilities, limiting the incentives from this policy
tool. Firms ignore mandates to implement efficient risk
management because regulatory agencies do not have
sufficient resources to monitor every firm. The evolution of
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's and states'
underground storage tank programs suggests that mandating
environmental insurance can address inefficiency due to
small firms declaring bankruptcy. Comparing insurance
mandates to risk management mandates, the burden on a
regulator is lower if all it has to do is to confirm that
the firm has insurance rather than that the firm has
actually, and effectively, implemented required management
practices. For underground storage tanks, we show that
insurance lowered toxic releases.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01479.x},
Key = {fds267283}
}
@article{fds317862,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Tarozzi, A and Pfaff, A and Soumya, HB and Ahmed, KM and van Geen, A},
Title = {Bright Lines, Risk Beliefs, and Risk Avoidance: Evidence
from a Randomized Intervention in Bangladesh},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {This paper provides evidence on the effects of risk
presentation on health behaviors using data from a cluster
randomized controlled trial in risk presentation regarding
arsenic in drinking water in Araihazar district of
Bangladesh. The intervention was designed to test whether
highlighting the existence of a gradient in arsenic risk —
exposure risk increases with the level of arsenic and lower
arsenic exposure is always better — led to better choices
relative to “bright line” information provision that
focuses on whether the arsenic level is above or below the
country standard of 50 parts per billion
(ppb).},
Key = {fds317862}
}
@article{fds317863,
Author = {Engel, S and Palmer, C and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Participatory Protection in Theory and Application: Paper
Tigers, Fences & Fines, or Negotiated Co-Management?},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Forest protection can imply binding constraints on
communities (‘fences & fines’) yet some attempts to
protect forest by blocking local land use are fruitless
(‘paper tigers’). Participatory protection, i.e.
involving a local community in forest ‘co-management’,
is a relatively recent forest policy innovation that falls
between these two endpoints. We model the emergence of
negotiated agreements that can share management of and
benefits from forest between actors with different
objectives, a state and forest users. Going beyond models of
user-user interactions involving common-property resources,
our state-user model addresses the question of when rights
are devolved to such users. Next we compare our derived
hypotheses about de facto rights, negotiated agreement, and
within-agreement transfers – all endogenous – with
unique community-level data describing a large protected
area in Indonesia. The results broadly support this
model.},
Key = {fds317863}
}
@article{fds267282,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Walker, R},
Title = {Regional interdependence and forest "transitions":
Substitute deforestation limits the relevance of local
reversals},
Journal = {Land Use Policy},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {119-129},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0264-8377},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.07.010},
Abstract = {Using case studies and concepts we suggest that constraints
upon aggregate or global forest transition are significantly
more severe than those upon local forest reversals. The
basic reason is that one region's reversal can be
facilitated by other regions that supply resources and
goods, reducing the demands upon the region where forests
rise. Many past forest reversals involve such
interdependence. For 'facilitating regions' also to rise in
forest requires other changes, since they will not be
receiving such help. We start by discussing
forest-transitions analysis within the context of
Environmental Kuznets Curves (EKCs), for a useful typology
of possible shifts underlying transitions. We then consider
the historical Northeast US where a regional reversal was
dramatic and impressive. Yet this depended upon agricultural
price shocks, due to the Midwest US supplying food, and also
upon the availability of timber from other US regions. Next
we consider deforestation in Amazônia, whose history (like
the Northeast US) suggests a potential local role for
urbanization, i.e. spatial concentration of population. Yet
inter-regional issues again are crucial. For cattle and soy,
expansion of global demands may give to Amazonia a role more
like the Midwest than the Northeast US. In addition,
across-region interdependencies will help determine where
reversal and facilitation occur. Finally we discuss the
constraints upon very broad forest transition. © 2009
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.07.010},
Key = {fds267282}
}
@article{fds267266,
Author = {Ricketts, TH and Soares-Filho, B and da Fonseca, GAB and Nepstad, D and Pfaff, A and Petsonk, A and Anderson, A and Boucher, D and Cattaneo, A and Conte, M and Creighton, K and Linden, L and Maretti, C and Moutinho, P and Ullman, R and Victurine, R},
Title = {Indigenous lands, protected areas, and slowing climate
change.},
Journal = {PLoS biology},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e1000331},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1544-9173},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000278125400010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Recent climate talks in Copenhagen reaffirmed the crucial
role of reducing emissions from deforestation and
degradation (REDD). Creating and strengthening indigenous
lands and other protected areas represents an effective,
practical, and immediate REDD strategy that addresses both
biodiversity and climate crises at once.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1000331},
Key = {fds267266}
}
@article{fds267279,
Author = {Joppa, L and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Reassessing the forest impacts of protection: the challenge
of nonrandom location and a corrective method.},
Journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
Volume = {1185},
Pages = {135-149},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20146766},
Abstract = {Protected areas are leading tools in efforts to slow global
species loss and appear also to have a role in climate
change policy. Understanding their impacts on deforestation
informs environmental policies. We review several approaches
to evaluating protection's impact on deforestation, given
three hurdles to empirical evaluation, and note that
"matching" techniques from economic impact evaluation
address those hurdles. The central hurdle derives from the
fact that protected areas are distributed nonrandomly across
landscapes. Nonrandom location can be intentional, and for
good reasons, including biological and political ones. Yet
even so, when protected areas are biased in their locations
toward less-threatened areas, many methods for impact
evaluation will overestimate protection's effect. The use of
matching techniques allows one to control for known
landscape biases when inferring the impact of protection.
Applications of matching have revealed considerably lower
impact estimates of forest protection than produced by other
methods. A reduction in the estimated impact from existing
parks does not suggest, however, that protection is unable
to lower clearing. Rather, it indicates the importance of
variation across locations in how much impact protection
could possibly have on rates of deforestation. Matching,
then, bundles improved estimates of the average impact of
protection with guidance on where new parks' impacts will be
highest. While many factors will determine where new
protected areas will be sited in the future, we claim that
the variation across space in protection's impact on
deforestation rates should inform site choice.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05162.x},
Key = {fds267279}
}
@article{fds267280,
Author = {Joppa, LN and Pfaff, A},
Title = {High and far: biases in the location of protected
areas.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {4},
Number = {12},
Pages = {e8273},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20011603},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>About an eighth of the earth's land
surface is in protected areas (hereafter "PAs"), most
created during the 20(th) century. Natural landscapes are
critical for species persistence and PAs can play a major
role in conservation and in climate policy. Such
contributions may be harder than expected to implement if
new PAs are constrained to the same kinds of locations that
PAs currently occupy.<h4>Methodology/principal
findings</h4>Quantitatively extending the perception that
PAs occupy "rock and ice", we show that across 147 nations
PA networks are biased towards places that are unlikely to
face land conversion pressures even in the absence of
protection. We test each country's PA network for bias in
elevation, slope, distances to roads and cities, and
suitability for agriculture. Further, within each country's
set of PAs, we also ask if the level of protection is biased
in these ways. We find that the significant majority of
national PA networks are biased to higher elevations,
steeper slopes and greater distances to roads and cities.
Also, within a country, PAs with higher protection status
are more biased than are the PAs with lower protection
statuses.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>In sum, PAs are
biased towards where they can least prevent land conversion
(even if they offer perfect protection). These globally
comprehensive results extend findings from nation-level
analyses. They imply that siting rules such as the
Convention on Biological Diversity's 2010 Target [to protect
10% of all ecoregions] might raise PA impacts if applied at
the country level. In light of the potential for global
carbon-based payments for avoided deforestation or REDD,
these results suggest that attention to threat could improve
outcomes from the creation and management of
PAs.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0008273},
Key = {fds267280}
}
@article{fds267267,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Behavior, Environment, and Health in Developing Countries:
Evaluation and Valuation},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {183-217},
Publisher = {Annual Reviews},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000273629900011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p> We consider health and environmental quality in
developing countries, where limited resources constrain
behaviors that combat enormously burdensome health
challenges. We focus on four huge challenges that are
preventable (i.e., are resolved in rich countries). We
distinguish them as special cases in a general model of
household behavior, which is critical and depends on risk
information. Simply informing households may achieve a lot
in the simplest challenge (groundwater arsenic); yet, for
the three infectious situations discussed (respiratory,
diarrhea, and malaria), community coordination and public
provision may also be necessary. More generally, social
interactions may justify additional policies. For each
situation, we discuss the valuation of private spillovers
(i.e., externalities) and evaluation of public policies to
reduce environmental risks and spillovers. Finally, we
reflect on open questions in our model and knowledge gaps in
the empirical literature including the challenges of scaling
up and climate change. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144053},
Key = {fds267267}
}
@misc{fds267249,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J},
Title = {Human choices and policies' impacts on ecosystem services:
Improving evaluations of payment and park effects on
conservation and carbon},
Pages = {192-207},
Booktitle = {Avoided Deforestation: Prospects for Mitigating Climate
Change},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {9780203880999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203880999},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203880999},
Key = {fds267249}
}
@article{fds267281,
Author = {Loose, B and Stute, M and Alexander, P and Smethie,
WM},
Title = {Design and deployment of a portable membrane equilibrator
for sampling aqueous dissolved gases},
Journal = {Water Resources Research},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0043-1397},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006969},
Abstract = {We present designs for a portable trace gas sampler, based
on membrane technology, to obtain a gas sample from water in
the field. A continuous flow of water is equilibrated with a
finite volume of gas until the gas pressure matches the
total dissolved gas pressure of the water stream. Samples
collected in this manner can be analyzed to determine
original water concentrations for potentially any dissolved
gas. The sampler requires neither compressed carrier gas nor
a vacuum pump to extract the dissolved gas sample; its power
consumption is minimal and it fits within a 30 L plastic
case. During the development stages, both major atmospheric
gases (N2, O2, and Ar) and trace gases (CO2, SF6, and
SF5CF3) were measured to confirm the equilibrium condition
and to quantify the response time. Equilibration studies
were conducted in the laboratory and at the site of a
borehole CO2 injection experiment on the Lamont campus of
Columbia University. The time required to achieve solubility
equilibrium depends on the dissolved gas content and the
water flow rate; we determined an e-folding response time of
9-12 min, under air-saturated conditions and with a flow
rate of 2 L/min. Typically, equilibrium is achieved within
30-45 min. We compare the system function and analytical
results to conventional sampling methods during the recovery
phase of a push-pull experiment and find a generally good
agreement within 10% of conventional analyses for each of
the gases. © Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical
Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2008WR006969},
Key = {fds267281}
}
@article{fds267251,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Barbieri, A and Ludewigs, T and Merry, F and Perz, S and Reis,
E},
Title = {Road impacts in Brazilian Amazonia},
Journal = {Geophysical Monograph Series},
Volume = {186},
Pages = {101-116},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GM000737},
Abstract = {We examine the evidence on Amazonian road impacts with a
strong emphasis on context. Impacts of a new road, on either
deforestation or socioeconomic outcomes, depend upon the
conditions into which roads are placed. Conditions that
matter include the biophysical setting, such as slope,
rainfall, and soil quality, plus externally determined
socioeconomic factors like national policies, exchange
rates, and the global prices of beef and soybeans.
Influential conditions also include all prior
infrastructural investments and clearing rates. Where
development has already arrived, with significant economic
activity and clearing, roads may decrease forest less and
raise output more than where development is arriving, while
in pristine areas, short-run clearing may be lower than
immense long-run impacts. Such differences suggest careful
consideration of where to invest further in transport. ©
Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical
Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2008GM000737},
Key = {fds267251}
}
@article{fds267277,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA and Andam, KS and Ferraro, PJ},
Title = {Park location affects forest protection: Land
characteristics cause differences in park impacts across
costa rica},
Journal = {B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1935-1682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.1990},
Abstract = {To support conservation planning, we ask whether a park's
impact on deforestation rates varies with observable land
characteristics that planners could use to prioritize sites.
Using matching methods to address bias from non-random
location, we find deforestation impacts vary greatly due to
park lands' characteristics. Avoided deforestation is
greater if parks are closer to the capital city, in sites
closer to national roads, and on lower slopes. In allocating
scarce conservation resources, policy makers may consider
many factors such as the ecosystem services provided by a
site and the costs of acquiring the site. Pfaff and Sanchez
2004 claim impact can rise with a focus upon threatened
land, all else equal. We provide empirical support in the
context of Costa Rica's renowned park system. This insight,
alongside information on eco-services and land costs, should
guide investments. © 2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1935-1682.1990},
Key = {fds267277}
}
@misc{fds317858,
Author = {Perz, S and Messina, JP and Reis, E and Walker, R and Walsh,
SJ},
Title = {Scenarios of future Amazonian landscapes: Econometric and
dynamic simulation models},
Volume = {186},
Pages = {83-100},
Booktitle = {Amazonia and Global Change},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780875904764},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GM000736},
Abstract = {This chapter addresses two broad classes of models
frequently used in the land use/land cover change (LULCC)
literature, namely, econometric and dynamic simulation
approaches. We discuss both in light of analyses of LULCC in
the Amazon, highlighting contributions of the Large-Scale
Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon program. We
first discuss LULCC scenarios, a key approach to evaluating
future LULCC in the presence of uncertainty that requires
input from models. The bulk of the chapter then pursues a
description of the basic elements of econometric and
simulation models for LULCC scenario development, where we
highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each modeling
approach. We conclude by returning to issues involved in the
process of scenario development, highlighting opportunities
for engaging stakeholders with models for the sake of
improving LULCC outcomes. © Copyright 2009 by the American
Geophysical Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2008GM000736},
Key = {fds317858}
}
@article{fds267278,
Author = {Andam, KS and Ferraro, PJ and Pfaff, A and Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA and Robalino, JA},
Title = {Measuring the effectiveness of protected area networks in
reducing deforestation.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {105},
Number = {42},
Pages = {16089-16094},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800437105},
Abstract = {Global efforts to reduce tropical deforestation rely heavily
on the establishment of protected areas. Measuring the
effectiveness of these areas is difficult because the amount
of deforestation that would have occurred in the absence of
legal protection cannot be directly observed. Conventional
methods of evaluating the effectiveness of protected areas
can be biased because protection is not randomly assigned
and because protection can induce deforestation spillovers
(displacement) to neighboring forests. We demonstrate that
estimates of effectiveness can be substantially improved by
controlling for biases along dimensions that are observable,
measuring spatial spillovers, and testing the sensitivity of
estimates to potential hidden biases. We apply matching
methods to evaluate the impact on deforestation of Costa
Rica's renowned protected-area system between 1960 and 1997.
We find that protection reduced deforestation: approximately
10% of the protected forests would have been deforested had
they not been protected. Conventional approaches to
evaluating conservation impact, which fail to control for
observable covariates correlated with both protection and
deforestation, substantially overestimate avoided
deforestation (by over 65%, based on our estimates). We also
find that deforestation spillovers from protected to
unprotected forests are negligible. Our conclusions are
robust to potential hidden bias, as well as to changes in
modeling assumptions. Our results show that, with
appropriate empirical methods, conservation scientists and
policy makers can better understand the relationships
between human and natural systems and can use this to guide
their attempts to protect critical ecosystem
services.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.0800437105},
Key = {fds267278}
}
@article{fds267275,
Author = {Madajewicz, M and Pfaff, A and van Geen, A and Graziano, J and Hussein,
I and Momotaj, H and Sylvi, R and Ahsan, H},
Title = {Erratum to "Can information alone change behavior? Response
to arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh"
[Journal of Development Economics 84 (2007) 731-754]
(DOI:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.12.002)},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {349},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.09.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.09.003},
Key = {fds267275}
}
@article{fds267295,
Author = {Sánchez-Azofeifa, GA and Pfaff, A and Robalino, JA and Boomhower,
JP},
Title = {Costa Rica's payment for environmental services program:
intention, implementation, and impact.},
Journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for
Conservation Biology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1165-1173},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0888-8892},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6955 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We evaluated the intention, implementation, and impact of
Costa Rica's program of payments for environmental services
(PSA), which was established in the late 1990s. Payments are
given to private landowners who own land in forest areas in
recognition of the ecosystem services their land provides.
To characterize the distribution of PSA in Costa Rica, we
combined remote sensing with geographic information system
databases and then used econometrics to explore the impacts
of payments on deforestation. Payments were distributed
broadly across ecological and socioeconomic gradients, but
the 1997-2000 deforestation rate was not significantly lower
in areas that received payments. Other successful Costa
Rican conservation policies, including those prior to the
PSA program, may explain the current reduction in
deforestation rates. The PSA program is a major advance in
the global institutionalization of ecosystem investments
because few, if any, other countries have such a
conservation history and because much can be learned from
Costa Rica's experiences.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00751.x},
Key = {fds267295}
}
@article{fds267273,
Author = {Chen, Y and van Geen, A and Graziano, JH and Pfaff, A and Madajewicz, M and Parvez, F and Hussain, AZMI and Slavkovich, V and Islam, T and Ahsan,
H},
Title = {Reduction in urinary arsenic levels in response to arsenic
mitigation efforts in Araihazar, Bangladesh.},
Journal = {Environmental health perspectives},
Volume = {115},
Number = {6},
Pages = {917-923},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0091-6765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9833},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>There is a need to identify and evaluate
an effective mitigation program for arsenic exposure from
drinking water in Bangladesh.<h4>Objective</h4>We evaluated
the effectiveness of a multifaceted mitigation program to
reduce As exposure among 11,746 individuals in a prospective
cohort study initiated in 2000 in Araihazar, Bangladesh, by
interviewing participants and measuring changes in urinary
As levels.<h4>Methods</h4>The interventions included a)
person-to-person reporting of well test results and health
education; b) well labeling and village-level health
education; and c) installations of 50 deep, low-As community
wells in villages with the highest As exposure.<h4>Results</h4>Two
years after these interventions, 58% of the 6,512
participants with unsafe wells (As >/=50 microg) at baseline
had responded by switching to other wells. Well labeling and
village-level health education was positively related to
switching to safe wells (As < 50 mug/L) among participants
with unsafe wells [rate ratio (RR) = 1.84; 95% confidence
interval (CI), 1.60-2.11] and inversely related to any well
switching among those with safe wells (RR = 0.80; 95% CI,
0.66-0.98). The urinary As level in participants who
switched to a well identified as safe (< 50 microg As/L)
dropped from an average of 375 microg As/g creatinine to 200
microg As/g creatinine, a 46% reduction toward the average
urinary As content of 136 microg As/g creatinine for
participants that used safe wells throughout. Urinary As
reduction was positively related to educational attainment,
body mass index, never-smoking, absence of skin lesions, and
time since switching (p for trend < 0.05).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our
study shows that testing of wells and informing households
of the consequences of As exposure, combined with
installation of deep community wells where most needed, can
effectively address the continuing public health emergency
from arsenic in drinking water in Bangladesh.},
Doi = {10.1289/ehp.9833},
Key = {fds267273}
}
@article{fds267274,
Author = {Opar, A and Pfaff, A and Seddique, AA and Ahmed, KM and Graziano, JH and van Geen, A},
Title = {Responses of 6500 households to arsenic mitigation in
Araihazar, Bangladesh.},
Journal = {Health & place},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {164-172},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1353-8292},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.11.004},
Abstract = {This study documents the response of 6500 rural households
in a 25 km(2) area of Bangladesh to interventions intended
to reduce their exposure to arsenic contained in well water.
The interventions included public education, posting test
results for arsenic on the wells, and installing 50
community wells. Sixty-five percent of respondents from the
subset of 3410 unsafe wells changed their source of drinking
water, often to new and untested wells. Only 15% of
respondents from the subset of safe wells changed their
source, indicating that health concerns motivated the
changes. The geo-referenced data indicate that distance to
the nearest safe well also influenced household
responses.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.11.004},
Key = {fds267274}
}
@article{fds267272,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, J and Walker, R and Aldrich, S and Caldas, M and Reis, E and Perz, S and Bohrer, C and Arima, E and Laurance, W and Kirby,
K},
Title = {Road investments, spatial spillovers, and deforestation in
the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-123},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-4146},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2007.00502.x},
Abstract = {Understanding the impact of road investments on
deforestation is part of a complete evaluation of the
expansion of infrastructure for development. We find
evidence of spatial spillovers from roads in the Brazilian
Amazon: deforestation rises in the census tracts that lack
roads but are in the same county as and within 100 km of a
tract with a new paved or unpaved road. At greater distances
from the new roads the evidence is mixed, including negative
coefficients of inconsistent significance between 100 and
300 km, and if anything, higher neighbor deforestation at
distances over 300 km. © Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9787.2007.00502.x},
Key = {fds267272}
}
@article{fds267296,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Robalino, JA and Walker, R and Reis, E and Perz, S and Bohrer,
C and Aldrich, S and Arima, E and Caldas, M},
Title = {Road Investments, Spatial Intensification and Deforestation
in the Brazilian Amazon},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {109-123},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6961 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds267296}
}
@article{fds267276,
Author = {Madajewicz, M and Pfaff, A and van Geen, A and Graziano, J and Hussein,
I and Momotaj, H and Sylvi, R and Ahsan, H},
Title = {Can information alone change behavior? Response to arsenic
contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {84},
Number = {2},
Pages = {731-754},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6639 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We study how effectively information induces Bangladeshi
households to avoid a health risk. The response to
information is large and rapid; knowing that the household's
well water has an unsafe concentration of arsenic raises the
probability that the household changes to another well
within one year by 0.37. Households who change wells
increase the time spent obtaining water fifteen-fold. We
identify a causal effect of information, since incidence of
arsenic is uncorrelated with household characteristics. Our
door-to-door information campaign provides well-specific
arsenic levels without which behavior does not change. Media
communicate general information about arsenic less
expensively and no less effectively. © 2006 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.12.002},
Key = {fds267276}
}
@article{fds267293,
Author = {Broad, K and Pfaff, A and Taddei, R and Sankarasubramanian, A and Lall,
U and de Assis de Souza Filho and F},
Title = {Climate, stream flow prediction and water management in
northeast Brazil: Societal trends and forecast
value},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {84},
Number = {2},
Pages = {217-239},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-0009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-007-9257-0},
Abstract = {We assess the potential benefits from innovative forecasts
of the stream flows that replenish reservoirs in the
semi-arid state of Ceará, Brazil. Such forecasts have many
potential applications. In Ceará, they matter for both
water-allocation and participatory-governance issues that
echo global debates. Our qualitative analysis, based upon
extensive fieldwork with farmers, agencies, politicians and
other key actors in the water sector, stresses that forecast
value changes as a society shifts. In the case of Ceará,
current constraints on the use of these forecasts are likely
to be reduced by shifts in water demand, water allocation in
the agricultural Jaguaribe Valley, participatory processes
for water allocation between this valley and the capital
city of Fortaleza, and risk perception. Such changes in the
water sector can also have major distributional impacts. ©
2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-007-9257-0},
Key = {fds267293}
}
@article{fds267313,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Kerr, S and Lipper, L and Cavatassi, R and Davis, B and Hendy,
J and Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA},
Title = {Will buying tropical forest carbon benefit the poor?
Evidence from Costa Rica},
Journal = {Land Use Policy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {600-610},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0264-8377},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2006.01.003},
Abstract = {We review claims linking both payments for carbon and
poverty to deforestation. We examine these effects
empirically for Costa Rica during the late 20th century
using an econometric approach that addresses the
irreversibilities in deforestation. We find significant
effects of the relative returns to forest on deforestation
rates. Thus, carbon payments would induce conservation and
also carbon sequestration, and if land users were poor could
conserve forest while addressing rural poverty. We note that
the poor appear to be marginalized in the sense of living
where land profitability is lower. Those areas also have
more forest. We find that poorer areas may have a higher
supply response to payments, but even without this effect
poor areas might be included and benefit more due to higher
(per capita) forest area. They might be included less due to
transactions costs, though. Unless the Clean Development
Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol is modified in its
implementation to allow credits from avoided deforestation,
such benefits are likely to be limited. © 2006 Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.landusepol.2006.01.003},
Key = {fds267313}
}
@misc{fds267247,
Author = {Robalino, JA and Pfaff, A and Sanchez-Azofeifa,
A},
Title = {Estimating spatial interactions in deforestation
decisions},
Pages = {92-114},
Booktitle = {Biodiversity Economics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521866835},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551079.006},
Abstract = {Introduction Ongoing decreases in the stock of tropical
forest have long been a major concern, due to their
implications for biodiversity loss and provision of
ecosystem services. Ecological research also provides
evidence that even if the stock is held constant, the
spatial pattern of forest affects the level of services
generated (McCoy and Mushinsky 1994; Twedt and Loesch 1999;
Diaz et al. 2000; Parkhurst et al. 2002; Coops et al. 2004;
Scull and Harman 2004). A highly fragmented forest made up
of small patches may not provide the minimum habitat size
that some organisms require. Thus it may offer less
protection for species than the same amount of unfragmented
forest. It is then important to understand the effects of
human activities that fragment standing forest and, as a
result, alter the size, the shape, and also the spatial
arrangement of habitat. These properties of habitat affect
extinction rates of local populations. Standard economic
models of rural land use (e.g. agriculture/forest frontiers)
will generate predictions of spatial pattern down to the
level of detail that their data permit. However, a focus on
spatial pattern highlights a question these models do not
address: are there spatial dynamics per se? If we look
behind observed spatial correlation, do one’s land-use
choices actually have any causal impacts upon those made by
one’s neighbours? This chapter presents a model of such
spatial interactions and then discusses a method to
empirically test for their presence using observed
deforestation behaviour.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511551079.006},
Key = {fds267247}
}
@article{fds267292,
Author = {Madajewicz, M and Pfaff, A and Graziano, J and van Geen, A and Hussein,
I and Momotaj, H and Sylvi, R and Ahsan, H},
Title = {Can Information Alone Both Improve Awareness and Change
Behavior? Arsenic contamination of groundwater in
Bangladesh},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds267292}
}
@article{fds267312,
Author = {Pfaff, A},
Title = {What Would Have Happened? reviewing and improving estimated
baselines for tropical forests and sequestered
carbon},
Journal = {Ecological Applications (invited special
issue)},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds267312}
}
@article{fds267294,
Author = {Ahmed, MF and Ahuja, S and Alauddin, M and Hug, SJ and Lloyd, JR and Pfaff,
A and Pichler, T and Saltikov, C and Stute, M and van Geen,
A},
Title = {Epidemiology. Ensuring safe drinking water in
Bangladesh.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {314},
Number = {5806},
Pages = {1687-1688},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1133146},
Abstract = {Excessive levels of arsenic in drinking water is a vast
health problem in Southeast Asia. Several viable approaches
to mitigation could drastically reduce arsenic exposure, but
they all require periodic testing.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1133146},
Key = {fds267294}
}
@misc{fds267256,
Author = {Chen, Y and van Geen, A and Graziano, J and Pfaff, A and Cheng, Z and Slavkovich, V and Islam, T and Parvez, F and Ahsan,
H},
Title = {The Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Community-Based
Mitigation Program in Reducing Arsenic Exposure in
Araihazar, Bangladesh},
Journal = {American Journal of Epidemiology},
Volume = {163},
Number = {suppl_11},
Pages = {S115-S115},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-9262},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238132900461&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s115-d},
Key = {fds267256}
}
@misc{fds267255,
Author = {van Geen, A and Trevisani, M and Immel, J and Gelman, A and Schoenfeld,
A and Pfaff, A and Ahmed, KM},
Title = {Targeting low-arsenic aquifers for the installation of
community wells in Bangladesh},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {231},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0065-7727},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238125900487&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds267255}
}
@article{fds267271,
Author = {Meyerson, LA and Baron, J and Melillo, JM and Naiman, RJ and O'Malley,
RI and Orians, G and Palmer, MA and Pfaff, ASP and Running, SW and Sala,
OE},
Title = {Aggregate measures of ecosystem services: Can we take the
pulse of nature?},
Journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1 SPEC. ISS.},
Pages = {56-59},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0056:amoesc]2.0.co;2},
Abstract = {National scale aggregate indicators of ecosystem services
are useful for stimulating and supporting a broad public
discussion about trends in the provision of these services.
There are important considerations involved in producing an
aggregate indicator, including whether the scientific and
technological capacity exists, how to address varying
perceptions of the societal importance of different
services, and how to communicate information about these
services to both decision makers and the general public.
Although the challenges are formidable, they are not
insurmountable. Quantification of ecosystem services and
dissemination of information to decision makers and the
public is critical for the responsible and sustainable
management of natural resources. © The Ecological Society
of America.},
Doi = {10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0056:amoesc]2.0.co;2},
Key = {fds267271}
}
@article{fds267302,
Author = {Zivin, JG and Pfaff, ASP},
Title = {To err on humans is not benign. Incentives for adoption of
medical error-reporting systems.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {5},
Pages = {935-949},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.01.003},
Abstract = {Concerns about frequent and harmful medical errors have led
policy makers to advocate the creation of a system for
medical error reporting. Health providers, fearing that
reported information about errors would be used against them
under the current medical malpractice system, have been
reluctant to participate in such reporting systems. We
propose a re-design of the malpractice system -- one in
which penalties are a function of the health provider's
reporting efforts -- to overcome this incentive problem. We
also consider some alternatives to this mechanism that
address two important ways in which reporting effort may not
be observable: hospitals may have interests distinct from
individual physicians and may not be able to observe their
reporting efforts, and a regulatory agency or a court may
not be able to adequately observe reporting efforts by a
provider.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.01.003},
Key = {fds267302}
}
@article{fds267303,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Sanchirico, CW},
Title = {Big field, small potatoes: An empirical assessment of EPA's
self-audit policy},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {415-432},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20027},
Abstract = {Environmental self-auditing is said to deserve and require
encouragement. Although firms can audit themselves more
cheaply and effectively than regulators, they are deterred
for fear that information they uncover will be used against
them. To reduce this disincentive, the Environmental
Protection Agency's (EPA's) Audit Policy lowers punitive
fines when firms promptly disclose and correct
self-discovered violations. While some contend that the
Audit Policy is inadequate, EPA touts its success based on
the policy's track record. Our examination of that track
record leads us to question EPA's claim. Comparing the
violations in these cases with those detected by standard
EPA enforcement suggests that the typical self-audited
violation is relatively minor. Cases arising under the
Policy are more likely to concern reporting violations and
less likely to concern emissions. The relative
insignificance of self-audited violations raises a number of
policy questions, including whether the Audit Policy should
be revised to play a larger role in enforcement. © 2004 by
the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20027},
Key = {fds267303}
}
@article{fds267311,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP and Sanchez-Azofeifa, GA},
Title = {Deforestation pressure and biological reserve planning: A
conceptual approach and an illustrative application for
Costa Rica},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {237-254},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2003.11.009},
Abstract = {An index of 'deforestation pressure' is suggested as useful
for reserve planning alongside the currently used
information on the species present at candidate sites. For
any location, the index value is correlated with threats to
habitat and thus also survival probabilities over time for
members of species dependent on that habitat. Threats in the
absence of reserves are key information for planning new
reserves. The index is estimated using a regression approach
derived from a dynamic, micro-economic model of land use,
with data on observed clearing of forest over space and time
as well as biophysical and socioeconomic factors in land
returns. Applying an estimated threat (or probability of
clearing) function for Costa Rica to locations of interest
yields relevant estimates of sites' deforestation pressure,
which are used to evaluate proposed reserves and to suggest
other candidate sites. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2003.11.009},
Key = {fds267311}
}
@article{fds267270,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP and Chaudhuri, S and Nye, HLM},
Title = {Household production and Environmental Kuznets
Curves},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {187-200},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EARE.0000017279.79445.72},
Abstract = {This paper provides a theoretical explanation for the widely
debated empirical finding of "Environmental Kuznets Curves",
i.e., U-shaped relationships between per-capita income and
indicators of environmental quality. We present a
household-production model in which the degradation of
environmental quality is a by-product of household
activities. Households can not directly purchase
environmental quality, but can reduce degradation by
substituting more expensive cleaner inputs to production for
less costly dirty inputs. If environmental quality is a
normal good, one expects substitution towards the less
polluting inputs, so that increases in income will increase
the quality of the environment. It is shown that this only
holds for middle income households. Poorer households spend
all income on dirty inputs. When they buy more, as income
rises, the pollution also rises, they do not want to
substitute, as this would reduce consumption of
non-environmental services for environmental amenities that
are already abundant. Thus, as income rises from low to
middle levels, a U shape can result. Yet an N shape might
eventually result, as richer households spend all income on
clean inputs. Further substitution possibilities are
exhausted. Thus as income rises again pollution rises and
environmental quality falls.},
Doi = {10.1023/B:EARE.0000017279.79445.72},
Key = {fds267270}
}
@article{fds267304,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Chaudhuri, S and Nye, HLM},
Title = {Endowments, preferences, technologies and abatement:
Growth-environment microfoundations},
Journal = {International Journal of Global Environmental
Issues},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {209-228},
Publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1466-6650},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJGENVI.2004.006051},
Abstract = {Will economic growth inevitably degrade the environment,
throughout development? We present a household-level
framework emphasising the trade-off between consumption that
causes pollution and pollution-reducing abatement. Our model
provides a simple explanation for upward-turning,
non-monotonic paths of environmental quality during economic
growth. Its innovation yields sufficient conditions that
simultaneously address preferences and technologies. With
standard preferences, an asymmetric endowment (i.e., at zero
income, consumption is also zero but environmental quality
is positive) leads low-income households not to abate, and
further this condition is sufficient for an environmental
Kuznets curve (EKC) for a wide range of abatement
technologies. Without such an endowment, however, even
strong economies of scale in abatement are, on their own,
insufficient for an EKC. Copyright © 2004 Inderscience
Enterprises Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1504/IJGENVI.2004.006051},
Key = {fds267304}
}
@article{fds267305,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Barelli, P and Chaudhuri, S},
Title = {Aid, economic growth and environmental sustainability:
Rich-poor interactions and environmental choices in
developing countries},
Journal = {International Journal of Global Environmental
Issues},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1-3},
Pages = {139-159},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1466-6650},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgenvi.2004.005288},
Abstract = {Rich-poor interactions complicate the search for a stable
Environmental Kuznets Curve (an 'inverted U' relationship
between income per-capita and environmental degradation). We
show that aid from richer to poorer countries to support
investments in environment, in either of two forms, alters
the income-environment relationships that otherwise exist,
lowering levels of degradation in the poorer countries
conditional upon their incomes. Yet even with environmental
aid, in our model environmental quality eventually falls as
economic growth continues, although ongoing innovation could
change that conclusion. In light of this result, we show
that subsidies to clean goods, one form of
technological-transfer aid programme, dominate income
transfers as environmental aid policy by the rich. Given
that aid matters, we then show that when rich countries
degrade the environment, a perverse effect exists: when an
aid-giving country becomes richer, it gives less aid to the
poor country. This is stronger when that degradation is
durable, that is, when consumption and degradation by the
rich country in the past has durable effects upon the
environment.},
Doi = {10.1504/ijgenvi.2004.005288},
Key = {fds267305}
}
@article{fds267306,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Chaudhuri, S and Nye, HLM},
Title = {Household Production & Environmental Kuznets Curves:
examining the desirability and feasibility of
substitution},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {187-200},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds267306}
}
@article{fds267253,
Author = {Kerr, S and Liu, S and Pfaff, A and Hughes, F},
Title = {Carbon Dynamics and Land-use Choices: Building a
Regional-scale Multidisciplinary Model},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Policy enabling tropical forests to approach their potential
contribution to global-climate-change mitigation requires
forecasts of land use and carbon storage on a large scale
over long periods. In this paper, we present an integrated
modeling methodology that addresses these needs. We model
the dynamics of the human land-use system and of C pools
contained in each ecosystem, as well as their interactions.
The model is national scale, and is currently applied in a
preliminary way to Costa Rica using data spanning a period
of over fifty years. It combines an ecological process
model, parameterized using field and other data, with an
economic model, estimated using historical data to ensure a
close link to actual behavior. These two models are linked
so that ecological conditions affect land-use choices and
vice versa. The integrated model predicts land use and its
consequences for C storage for policy scenarios. These
predictions can be used to create baselines, reward
sequestration, and estimate the value in both environmental
and economic terms of including C sequestration in tropical
forests as part of the efforts to mitigate global climate
change. The model can also be used to assess the benefits
from costly activities to increase accuracy and thus reduce
errors and their societal costs.},
Key = {fds267253}
}
@article{fds267310,
Author = {Kerr, S and Liu, S and Pfaff, ASP and Hughes, RF},
Title = {Carbon dynamics and land-use choices: building a
regional-scale multidisciplinary model.},
Journal = {Journal of environmental management},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-37},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4797(03)00106-3},
Abstract = {Policy enabling tropical forests to approach their potential
contribution to global-climate-change mitigation requires
forecasts of land use and carbon storage on a large scale
over long periods. In this paper, we present an integrated
modeling methodology that addresses these needs. We model
the dynamics of the human land-use system and of C pools
contained in each ecosystem, as well as their interactions.
The model is national scale, and is currently applied in a
preliminary way to Costa Rica using data spanning a period
of over 50 years. It combines an ecological process model,
parameterized using field and other data, with an economic
model, estimated using historical data to ensure a close
link to actual behavior. These two models are linked so that
ecological conditions affect land-use choices and vice
versa. The integrated model predicts land use and its
consequences for C storage for policy scenarios. These
predictions can be used to create baselines, reward
sequestration, and estimate the value in both environmental
and economic terms of including C sequestration in tropical
forests as part of the efforts to mitigate global climate
change. The model can also be used to assess the benefits
from costly activities to increase accuracy and thus reduce
errors and their societal costs.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0301-4797(03)00106-3},
Key = {fds267310}
}
@article{fds267299,
Author = {Broad, K and Pfaff, ASP and Glantz, MH},
Title = {Effective and equitable dissemination of
seasonal-to-interannual climate forecasts: Policy
implications from the Peruvian fishery during El Niño
1997-98},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {54},
Number = {4},
Pages = {415-438},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0165-0009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016164706290},
Abstract = {The development of seasonal-to-interannual climate
predictions has spurred widespread claims that the
dissemination of such forecasts will yield benefits for
society. Based on the use as well as non-use of forecasts in
the Peruvian fishery during the 1997-98 El Niño event, we
identify: (1) potential constraints on the realization of
benefits, such as limited access to and understanding of
information, and unintended reactions; (2) the need for an
appropriately detailed definition of societal benefit,
considering whose welfare counts as a benefit among groups
such as labor, industry, consumers, citizens of different
regions, and future generations. We argue that consideration
of who benefits, and an understanding of potential
socioeconomic constraints and how they might be addressed,
should be brought to bear on forecast dissemination choices.
We conclude with examples of relevant dissemination choices
made using this process.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1016164706290},
Key = {fds267299}
}
@article{fds267309,
Author = {Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa and G and Daily, GC and Pfaff, ASP and Busch,
C},
Title = {Integrity and isolation of Costa Rica's national parks and
biological reserves: Examining the dynamics of land-cover
change},
Journal = {Biological Conservation},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-135},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0006-3207},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00145-3},
Abstract = {The transformation and degradation of tropical forest is
thought to be the primary driving force in the loss of
biodiversity worldwide. Developing countries are trying to
counter act this massive lost of biodiversity by
implementing national parks and biological reserves. Costa
Rica is no exception to this rule. National development
strategies in Costa Rica, since the early 1970s, have
involved the creation of several National Parks and
Biological Reserves. This has led to monitoring the
integrity of and interactions between these protected areas.
Key questions include: "Are these areas' boundaries
respected?"; "Do they create a functioning network?"; and
"Are they effective conservation tools?". This paper
quantifies deforestation and secondary growth trends within
and around protected areas between 1960 and 1997. We find
that inside of national parks and biological reserves,
deforestation rates were negligible. For areas outside of
National Parks and Biological reserves we report that for
1-km buffer zones around such protected areas, there is a
net forest gain for the 1987/1997 time period. Thus, it
appears that to this point the boundaries of protected areas
are respected. However, in the 10-km buffer zones we find
significant forest loss for all study periods. This suggests
that increasing isolation of protected areas may prevent
them from functioning as an effective network. © 2002
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00145-3},
Key = {fds267309}
}
@article{fds267298,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Peteet, DM},
Title = {Generating Probabilities in Support of Societal Decision
Making: the case of abrupt climate change},
Journal = {EOS (American Geophysical Union)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds267298}
}
@article{fds267250,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP and Peteet, DM},
Title = {Generating probabilities in support of societal
decision-making},
Journal = {Eos},
Volume = {82},
Number = {20},
Pages = {222-222},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0096-3941},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/01EO00119},
Doi = {10.1029/01EO00119},
Key = {fds267250}
}
@article{fds267300,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP and Sanchirico, CW},
Title = {Environmental self-auditing: Setting the proper incentives
for discovery and correction of environmental
harm},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {189-208},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {8756-6222},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/16.1.189},
Abstract = {Many firms conduct "environmental audits" to test compliance
with a complex array of environmental regulations.
Commentators suggest, however, that self-auditing is not as
common as it should be, because firms fear that what they
find will be used against them. This article analyzes
self-auditing as a two-tiered incentive problem involving
incentives both to test for and to effect compliance. After
demonstrating the inadequacy of conventional remedies, we
show that incentives can be properly aligned by conditioning
fines on firms' investigative effort. In practice, however,
the regulator may not be able to observe such effort.
Accordingly, we propose and evaluate the use of three
observable proxies for self-investigation: the manner in
which the regulator detected the violation; the firm's own
disclosure of violations; and the firm's observed corrective
actions. Each method has its own efficiency benefits and
informational requirements, and each is distinct from EPA's
current audit policy.},
Doi = {10.1093/jleo/16.1.189},
Key = {fds267300}
}
@article{fds267308,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP and Kerr, S and Hughes, RF and Liu, S and Sanchez-Azofeifa,
GA and Schimel, D and Tosi, J and Watson, V},
Title = {The Kyoto protocol and payments for tropical forest: An
interdisciplinary method for estimating carbon-offset supply
and increasing the feasibility of a carbon market under the
CDM},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {203-221},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00199-3},
Abstract = {Protecting tropical forests under the Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) could reduce the cost of emissions
limitations set in Kyoto. However, while society must soon
decide whether or not to use tropical forest-based offsets
evidence regarding tropical carbon sinks is sparse. This
paper presents a general method for constructing an
integrated model (based on detailed historical, remote
sensing and field data) that can produce land-use and carbon
baselines, predict carbon sequestration supply to a
carbon-offsets market and also help to evaluate optimal
market rules. Creating such integrated models requires close
collaboration between social and natural scientists. Our
project combines varied disciplinary expertise (in
economics, ecology and geography) with local knowledge in
order to create high-quality, empirically grounded,
integrated models for Costa Rica. © 2000 Elsevier Science
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00199-3},
Key = {fds267308}
}
@article{fds267301,
Author = {Kahn, ME and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Informal Economies, Information and the Environment},
Journal = {Journal of International Affairs},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {525-544},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds267301}
}
@article{fds317864,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Sanchirico, CW},
Title = {Environmental Self-Auditing: Setting the Proper Incentives
for Discovering and Correcting Environmental
Harm},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Many firms have instituted a policy of conducting their own
"environmental audits" to test compliance with a complex
array of environmental regulations. Yet, commentators
suggest that self-auditing is still not as common as it
should be because firms fear that the information they
gather will be used against them. This paper analyzes the
two-tiered incentive problem raised by self-auditing-viz.,
incentives to both test for and effect compliance. We find
that conventional tort remedies fail to produce an efficient
amount of self-auditing. To fix the problem we propose three
separate solutions, each with differing informational
requirements and efficiency benefits, and each distinct in
its own way from current EPA policy. First, we propose that
punitive fines be reduced for firms that conduct their own
investigation, whether or not the firm has "fixed" the harm
that its investigation uncovers. Importantly, we argue that
the nature of the self-auditing incentive problem makes
conditioning on investigation informationally feasible,
since it is the potential observability of investigative
effort that produces the disincentive to investigation in
the first place. Our second solution conditions on firm
disclosure. While this solution allows for additional
savings in government enforcement costs, it raises serious
informational issues regarding the verifiability of
disclosure. Lastly, we consider a solution that we call
"inverse negligence," wherein firms are fined additionally
for harms that they would have fixed, had they learned about
them through investigation. This solution requires neither
verifiable disclosure, nor observable investigation effort,
but does require additional information about the firm's
private cost of fixing harms.},
Key = {fds317864}
}
@article{fds317865,
Author = {Stavins, RN and Pfaff, A},
Title = {Readings in the Field of Natural Resource & Environmental
Economics},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {This is the latest version of a document periodically
produced since the early 1980's. It combines an outline of
the field of natural resource and environmental economics
with a bibliography of 945 references. In the past, this
reading list has been used in a variety of ways: as a guide
to the literature for graduate students in departments of
economics which do not offer a Ph.D.-level survey course of
the field; as a resource for Ph.D. students who wish to
develop a directed readings course in the field; and as an
aid to students at the masters and undergraduate levels who
wish to explore selected areas in greater
depth.},
Key = {fds317865}
}
@article{fds317866,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Kerr, S},
Title = {A Carbon Sequestration Supply Function and Development of
Feasible Clean Development Mechanism Rules for Tropical
Forest Carbon Sinks},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Despite growing policy interest in using tropical forests as
carbon sinks, relevant evidence is sparse. To provide such
evidence, our project advances and integrates two
disciplinary analyses, and applies them for a case study of
Costa Rica. First, we estimate how much C sequestration will
be generated in response to any given monetary reward for C
sequestration. This estimate is based on our extension
(including through excellent GIS databases) of the frontier
of economic, observationally-based modeling of land use,
integrated with our extension (including through systematic
measurement of aboveground and soil C) of both process-based
and empirically-based ecological models of C storage. This
estimate provides the information for a C "baseline" that
would be necessary for any C market. Second, we perform
sensitivity analyses on whether simplified versions of our
integrated model (which are easier to use within policy) can
maintain sufficient accuracy.},
Key = {fds317866}
}
@article{fds267269,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Broad, K and Glantz, M},
Title = {Who benefits from climate forecasts?},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {397},
Number = {6721},
Pages = {645-646},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0028-0836},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17676},
Doi = {10.1038/17676},
Key = {fds267269}
}
@article{fds267297,
Author = {Pfaff, A and Broad, K and Glantz, MH},
Title = {Who benefits from seasonal-to-interannual climate
forecasts?},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {397},
Number = {6721},
Pages = {645-646},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds267297}
}
@article{fds267307,
Author = {Pfaff, ASP},
Title = {What drives deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon? Evidence
from satellite and socioeconomic data},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {26-43},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1998.1056},
Abstract = {While previous empirical analysis of deforestation focused
on population, this paper builds from a model of land use
which suggests many determinants of deforestation in the
Brazilian Amazon. I derive a deforestation equation from
this model and test a number of those factors using
county-level data for the period 1978-1988. The data include
a satellite deforestation measure which allows improved
within-country analysis. The major empirical finding is the
significance of both land characteristics (such as soil
quality and vegetation density) and factors affecting
transport costs (such as distance to major markets and both
own- and neighboring-county roads). Government development
projects also appear to affect clearing, although credit
infrastructure does not. However, as such policies
themselves may be functions of other factors, estimated
effects of policies must be interpreted with some caution.
Finally, the population density does not have a significant
effect on deforestation when many potential determinants are
included. However, a quadratic specification reveals a more
robust result: the first migrants to a county have greater
impact than later immigrants. This implies that the
distribution of population affects its impact.},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.1998.1056},
Key = {fds267307}
}
@article{fds267268,
Author = {de Melo, J and Pfaff, A and Tarr, D},
Title = {Welfare costs and rent premia when quotas are not
transferable},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {577-585},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0014-2921},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(94)90093-0},
Abstract = {Rationing is pervasive in transition economies and in many
developing countries. This paper contrasts the welfare costs
of two forms of rationing: with and without license
transferability among license holders. In the latter case,
for a given level of rationing, welfare costs will be higher
if users of rationed products have different elasticities of
demand. Illustrative general-equilibrium-based numerical
calculations are carried out to derive orders of magnitude
of the costs of rationing for an economy that trades 40
percent of its GDP with half of its imports concentrated in
manufactures. In this setting, rationing of manufactures to
70 percent of their free-trade desired level reduces
free-trade income by 6 percent when licenses are
transferable. Nontransferability of licenses adds
approximately 20 percent to the costs of rationing. ©
1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0014-2921(94)90093-0},
Key = {fds267268}
}
%% Pilossoph, Laura
@article{fds371696,
Author = {Lewis, DJ and Melcangi, D and Pilossoph, L and Toner-Rodgers,
A},
Title = {Approximating grouped fixed effects estimation via fuzzy
clustering regression},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1077-1084},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2997},
Abstract = {We propose a new, computationally efficient way to
approximate the “grouped fixed effects” (GFE) estimator
of Bonhomme and Manresa (2015), which estimates grouped
patterns of unobserved heterogeneity. To do so, we
generalize the fuzzy C-means objective to regression
settings. As the clustering exponent (Formula presented.)
approaches 1, the fuzzy clustering objective converges to
the GFE objective, which we recast as a standard generalized
method of moments problem. We replicate the empirical
results of Bonhomme and Manresa (2015) and show that our
estimator delivers almost identical estimates. In
simulations, we show that our approach offers improvements
in terms of bias, classification accuracy, and computational
speed.},
Doi = {10.1002/jae.2997},
Key = {fds371696}
}
@article{fds373493,
Author = {Cortés, P and Pan, J and Pilossoph, L and Reuben, E and Zafar,
B},
Title = {Gender Differences in Job Search and the Earnings Gap:
Evidence from the Field and Lab},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {138},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2069-2126},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjad017},
Abstract = {This article investigates gender differences in the job
search process in the field and lab. Our analysis is based
on rich information on initial job offers and acceptances
from undergraduates of Boston University's Questrom School
of Business. We find (i) a clear gender difference in the
timing of job offer acceptance, with women accepting jobs
substantially earlier than men, and (ii) a sizable gender
earnings gap in accepted offers, which narrows in favor of
women over the course of the job search period. To
understand these patterns, we develop a job search model
that incorporates gender differences in risk aversion and
overoptimism about prospective offers. We validate the
model's assumptions and predictions using the survey data
and present empirical evidence that the job search patterns
in the field can be partly explained by the greater risk
aversion displayed by women and the higher levels of
overoptimism displayed by men. We replicate these findings
in a laboratory experiment that features sequential job
search and provide direct evidence on the purported
mechanisms. Our findings highlight the importance of risk
preferences and beliefs for gender differences in
job-finding behavior and, consequently, early-career wage
gaps among the highly educated.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjad017},
Key = {fds373493}
}
@book{fds365028,
Author = {Pilossoph, L},
Title = {Comment},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {152-157},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/718661},
Doi = {10.1086/718661},
Key = {fds365028}
}
@article{fds365029,
Author = {Mongey, S and Pilossoph, L and Weinberg, A},
Title = {Which workers bear the burden of social distancing?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Inequality},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {509-526},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10888-021-09487-6},
Abstract = {Using data from O∗NET, we construct two measures of an
occupation’s potential exposure to social distancing
measures: (i) the ability to conduct that job from home and
(ii) the degree of physical proximity to others the job
requires. After validating these measures with comparable
measures from ATUS as well as realized work-from-home rates
during the pandemic, we employ the measures to study the
characteristics of workers in these types of jobs. Our
results show that workers in low-work-from-home and
high-physical-proximity jobs are more economically
vulnerable across various measures constructed from the CPS
and PSID: they are less educated, of lower income, have
fewer liquid assets relative to income, and are more likely
renters. Consistent with the idea that high physical
proximity or low work-from-home occupations were more
exposed to the Coronavirus shock, we show that the types of
workers predicted to be employed in them experienced greater
declines in employment during the pandemic. We conclude by
comparing the aggregate employment losses in these
occupations to their employment losses in the 2008
recession, and find evidence that these occupations were
disproportionately exposed to the pandemic shock, and not
just comprised of more cyclically sensitive
workers.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10888-021-09487-6},
Key = {fds365029}
}
@article{fds365030,
Author = {Pilossoph, L and Wee, SL},
Title = {Household Search and the Marital Wage Premium†},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {55-109},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20180092},
Abstract = {We develop a model where selection into marriage and
household search generate a marital wage premium. Beyond
selection, married individuals earn higher wages for two
reasons. First, income pooling within a joint household
raises risk-averse individuals' reservation wages. Second,
married individuals climb the job ladder faster, as they
internalize that higher wages increase their partner's
selectivity over offers. Specialization according to
comparative advantage in search generates a premium that
increases in spousal education, as in the data.
Quantitatively, household search explains 10-33 percent and
20-58 percent of the premium for males and females,
respectively, and accounts for its increase with spousal
education. (JEL D83, J12, J16, J24, J31,
J64)},
Doi = {10.1257/mac.20180092},
Key = {fds365030}
}
@article{fds365031,
Author = {Jarosch, G and Pilossoph, L},
Title = {Statistical discrimination and duration dependence in the
job finding rate},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1631-1665},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy055},
Abstract = {This article models a frictional labour market where
employers endogenously discriminate against the long-term
unemployed. The estimated model replicates recent
experimental evidence which documents that interview
invitations for observationally equivalent workers fall
sharply as unemployment duration progresses. We use the
model to quantitatively assess the consequences of such
employer behaviour for job finding rates and long-term
unemployment and find only modest effects given the large
decline in callbacks. Interviews lost to duration impact
individual job finding rates solely if they would have led
to jobs. We show that such instances are rare when firms
discriminate in anticipation of an ultimately unsuccessful
application. Discrimination in callbacks is thus largely a
response to dynamic selection, with limited consequences for
structural duration dependence and long-term
unemployment.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy055},
Key = {fds365031}
}
%% Pizer, Billy
@article{fds370983,
Author = {Howard, PH and Sarinsky, M and Bauer, M and Cecot, C and Cropper, M and Drupp, M and Freeman, M and Gillingham, KT and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Li, Q and Livermore, M and Newell, R and Pizer, WA and Prest, B and Rudebusch, G and Sterner, T and Wagner, G},
Title = {US benefit-cost analysis requires revision.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {380},
Number = {6647},
Pages = {803},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adi5943},
Doi = {10.1126/science.adi5943},
Key = {fds370983}
}
@article{fds369109,
Author = {Li, Q and Zhou, Y and Pizer, WA and Wu, L},
Title = {The unbalanced trade-off between pollution exposure and
energy consumption induced by averting behaviors.},
Journal = {iScience},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105597},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105597},
Abstract = {Behavioral responses to environmental risks create gains and
losses. We use high-frequency datasets to elucidate such
behavior responses against air pollution and find a
"double-peaked" time pattern in reducing outdoor exposure
and in increasing electricity consumption. Despite that one
standard deviation increase in the Air Quality Index
induces 2% less outdoor population and 6% more household
electricity consumption at peak, most responses fail to
match with the intra-day pollution peaks, implying
ineffective exposure avoidance. We find an unbalanced
trade-off between health benefits and energy co-damages. The
behavior-induced change in annual residential power
consumption (+1.01% to +1.20%) is estimated to be 20 times
more than that in the population-based exposure (-0.02% to
-0.05%), and generates 0.13-0.15 million more metric tons of
citywide carbon emissions. Our results imply that by
targeting peak pollution periods, policies can shrink the
trade-off imbalance and achieve mutual improvements in
exposure reduction and energy conservation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.isci.2022.105597},
Key = {fds369109}
}
@article{fds367278,
Author = {Wang, B and Pizer, WA and Munnings, C},
Title = {Price limits in a tradable performance standard},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {116},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102742},
Abstract = {Tradable performance standards are widely used sectoral
regulatory policies. Examples include the US lead phasedown,
fuel economy standards for automobiles, renewable portfolio
standards, low carbon fuel standards, and—most
recently—China's new national carbon market. At the same
time, theory and experience with traditional cap-and-trade
programs suggest an important role for price limits in the
form of floors, ceilings, and reserves. In this paper we
develop a simple analytical model to derive the welfare
comparison between tradable performance standards and a
price-based alternative. This model works out to be a simple
variant of the traditional Weitzman prices-versus-quantities
result. We use this result to show that substantial
gains—perhaps 50% or more when prices are low—could
arise from shifting two programs, China's new national
carbon market and the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard,
to a price mechanism. This finding will generally be true
when the coefficient of variation in the price under a TPS
is larger than 50%. We end with a brief discussion of
implementation issues, including consignment
auctions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102742},
Key = {fds367278}
}
@article{fds367395,
Author = {Rennert, K and Errickson, F and Prest, BC and Rennels, L and Newell, RG and Pizer, W and Kingdon, C and Wingenroth, J and Cooke, R and Parthum, B and Smith, D and Cromar, K and Diaz, D and Moore, FC and Müller, UK and Plevin, RJ and Raftery, AE and Ševčíková, H and Sheets, H and Stock,
JH and Tan, T and Watson, M and Wong, TE and Anthoff,
D},
Title = {Comprehensive evidence implies a higher social cost of
CO2.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {610},
Number = {7933},
Pages = {687-692},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05224-9},
Abstract = {The social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO<sub>2</sub>)
measures the monetized value of the damages to society
caused by an incremental metric tonne of CO<sub>2</sub>
emissions and is a key metric informing climate policy. Used
by governments and other decision-makers in benefit-cost
analysis for over a decade, SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates draw
on climate science, economics, demography and other
disciplines. However, a 2017 report by the US National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine<sup>1</sup>
(NASEM) highlighted that current SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates
no longer reflect the latest research. The report provided a
series of recommendations for improving the scientific
basis, transparency and uncertainty characterization of
SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimates. Here we show that improved
probabilistic socioeconomic projections, climate models,
damage functions, and discounting methods that collectively
reflect theoretically consistent valuation of risk,
substantially increase estimates of the SC-CO<sub>2</sub>.
Our preferred mean SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimate is $185 per
tonne of CO<sub>2</sub> ($44-$413 per tCO<sub>2</sub>:
5%-95% range, 2020 US dollars) at a near-term risk-free
discount rate of 2%, a value 3.6 times higher than the US
government's current value of $51 per tCO<sub>2</sub>. Our
estimates incorporate updated scientific understanding
throughout all components of SC-CO<sub>2</sub> estimation in
the new open-source Greenhouse Gas Impact Value Estimator
(GIVE) model, in a manner fully responsive to the near-term
NASEM recommendations. Our higher SC-CO<sub>2</sub> values,
compared with estimates currently used in policy evaluation,
substantially increase the estimated benefits of greenhouse
gas mitigation and thereby increase the expected net
benefits of more stringent climate policies.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-05224-9},
Key = {fds367395}
}
@article{fds365138,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Prest, BC},
Title = {A discounting rule for the social cost of
carbon},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {9},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1017-1046},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/718145},
Abstract = {We develop a discounting rule for estimating the social cost
of carbon (SCC) given uncertain economic growth. Diminishing
marginal utility of income implies a relationship between
the discount rate term structure and economic growth
uncertainty. In the classic Ramsey framework, this
relationship is governed by parameters reflecting pure time
preference and the elasticity of the marginal utility of
consumption, yet disagreement remains about the values of
these parameters. We calibrate these parameters to match
empirical evidence on both the future interest rate term
structure and economic growth uncertainty, while also
maintaining consistency with discount rates used for
shorter-term benefit-cost analysis. Such an integrated
approach is crucial amid growth uncertainty, where growth is
also a key determinant of climate damages. This results in
an empirically driven, stochastic discounting rule to be
used in estimating the SCC that also accounts for the
correlation between climate damage estimates and discount
rates.},
Doi = {10.1086/718145},
Key = {fds365138}
}
@book{fds367853,
Author = {Grubb, M and Jordan, ND and Hertwich, E and Neuhoff, K and Das, K and Bandyopadhyay, KR and Van Asselt and H and Sato, M and Wang, R and Pizer,
WA and Oh, H},
Title = {Carbon Leakage, Consumption, and Trade},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {753-795},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-120820-053625},
Abstract = {We review the state of knowledge concerning international
CO2 emission transfers associated particularly with trade in
energy-intensive goods and concerns about carbon leakage
arising from climate policies. The historical increase in
aggregate emission transfers from developing to developed
countries peaked around 2006 and declined since. Studies
find no evidence that climate policies lead to carbon
leakage, but this is partly due to shielding of key
industrial sectors, which is incompatible with deep
decarbonization. Alternative or complementary
consumption-based approaches areneeded. Private sector
initiatives to trace and address carbon emissions throughout
supply chains have grown substantially but cannot compensate
for inadequate policy. Three main price-based approaches to
tackling carbon leakage are potentially compatible with
international trade rules: border adjustments on imports,
carbon consumption charges, and climate excise contributions
combined with emissions trading. We also consider standards
and public procurement options to tackle embodied emissions.
Finally, we discuss proposals for carbon clubs involving
cooperation among a limited set of countries.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-environ-120820-053625},
Key = {fds367853}
}
@article{fds364257,
Author = {Rennert, K and Prest, BC and Pizer, WA and Newell, RG and Anthoff, D and Kingdon, C and Rennels, L and Cooke, R and Raftery, AE and Ševčíková, H and Errickson, F},
Title = {The Social Cost of Carbon: Advances in Long-Term
Probabilistic Projections of Population, GDP, Emissions, and
Discount Rates},
Journal = {Brookings Papers on Economic Activity},
Volume = {2021-Fall},
Pages = {223-305},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eca.2022.0003},
Abstract = {The social cost of carbon (SCC) is a crucial metric for
inform-ing climate policy, most notably for guiding climate
regulations issued by the US government. Characterization of
uncertainty and transparency of assump-tions are critical
for supporting such an influential metric. Challenges
inherent to SCC estimation push the boundaries of typical
analytical techniques and require augmented approaches to
assess uncertainty, raising important considerations for
discounting. This paper addresses the challenges of
projecting very long-term economic growth, population, and
greenhouse gas emissions, as well as cali-bration of
discounting parameters for consistency with those
projections. Our work improves on alternative approaches,
such as nonprobabilistic scenarios and constant discounting,
that have been used by the government but do not fully
characterize the uncertainty distribution of fully
probabilistic model input data or corresponding SCC estimate
outputs. Incorporating the full range of economic
uncertainty in the social cost of carbon underscores the
importance of adopting a stochastic discounting approach to
account for uncertainty in an integrated
manner.},
Doi = {10.1353/eca.2022.0003},
Key = {fds364257}
}
@article{fds355471,
Author = {Li, Q and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Use of the consumption discount rate for public policy over
the distant future},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {107},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102428},
Abstract = {The choice of discount rate has a significant impact on net
benefit estimates when costs today have benefits over long
time horizons. Standard U.S. government practice for
cost–benefit analysis is to bound such analysis using two
alternative rates. These rates are meant to represent the
rate of return paid by capital investment and the rate
received by consumers. Previous work has shown this approach
legitimately bounds the analysis—but only when future
benefits accrue directly to consumers either in a two-period
model or as a perpetuity. We generalize to consider
arbitrary patterns of future benefits, accruing either
directly to consumers or indirectly through future
investment. We derive an expression for the appropriate
discount rate and show that it converges to the consumption
rate for benefits increasingly far into the future. More
generally, the bounding rates depend on the temporal pattern
of the undiscounted dollars. As an application, we estimate
the appropriate discount rate for climate change damages
from carbon dioxide, finding it lies in a narrow range (
±0.5 percent) around the consumer rate of
interest.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102428},
Key = {fds355471}
}
@article{fds359867,
Author = {Wiener, J and Aldy, J and Felgenhauer, T and Borsuk, M and Pizer, W and Tavoni, M and Belaia, M and Ghosh, A},
Title = {Social Science Research to Inform Solar Geoengineering},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {374},
Number = {6569},
Pages = {815-818},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj6517},
Abstract = {[Figure: see text].},
Doi = {10.1126/science.abj6517},
Key = {fds359867}
}
@article{fds336244,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Prest, BC},
Title = {Prices versus quantities with policy updating},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {483-518},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/707142},
Abstract = {Weitzman shows that the welfare advantage of price versus
quantity regulation turns on the relative slopes of marginal
costs and benefits when policy is set before uncertain
shocks are known. Policy updating over time changes this
result. Under intertemporally tradable quantity regulation,
permit prices are determined by firms’ expectations about
future policy updates, and the advantage of prices versus
quantities instead turns on firms’ expectations of policy
changes. If firms accurately predict policy changes and the
government maximizes welfare, quantity regulation can
achieve the first best. Price regulation, lacking an
intertemporal link, cannot. The preference tilts back toward
prices under more realistic assumptions where governments
set policy inefficiently or firms imperfectly anticipate
policy changes. In general, the advantage turns on
information and expectations, not relative slopes. Given the
prevalence of intertemporally tradable permits and policy
updates, our results suggest new considerations in the
choice between price and quantity regulation.},
Doi = {10.1086/707142},
Key = {fds336244}
}
@article{fds366511,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Valuing the Greenland ice sheet and other complex
geophysical phenomena.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {25},
Pages = {12134-12135},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906927116},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1906927116},
Key = {fds366511}
}
@article{fds330471,
Author = {Cao, J and Ho, MS and Li, Y and Newell, RG and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Chinese residential electricity consumption: Estimation and
forecast using micro-data},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {56},
Pages = {6-27},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2017.10.003},
Abstract = {Based on econometric estimation using data from the Chinese
Urban Household Survey, we develop a preferred forecast
range of 85–143 percent growth in residential per capita
electricity demand over 2009–2025. Our analysis suggests
that per capita income growth drives a 43% increase, with
the remainder due to an unexplained time trend. Roughly
one-third of the income-driven demand comes from increases
in the stock of specific major appliances, particularly AC
units. The other two-thirds comes from non-specific sources
of income-driven growth and is based on an estimated income
elasticity that falls from 0.28 to 0.11 as income rises.
While the stock of refrigerators is not projected to
increase, we find that they contribute nearly 20 percent of
household electricity demand. Alternative plausible time
trend assumptions are responsible for the wide range of
85–143 percent. Meanwhile we estimate a price elasticity
of demand of −0.7. These estimates point to carbon pricing
and appliance efficiency policies that could substantially
reduce demand.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2017.10.003},
Key = {fds330471}
}
@article{fds342118,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {U.S. federal government subsidies for clean energy: Design
choices and implications},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {80},
Pages = {831-841},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.02.018},
Abstract = {Subsidies for clean energy deployment have become a major
component of U.S. federal energy and climate policy. After a
surge in spending under the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009, they are an even larger component
but now face increased scrutiny. Given their lasting
presence, how does one design these subsidies to be as
cost-effective as possible? Surprisingly, the conceptual
framework and empirical evidence available to help
policymakers identify which subsidies generate the most
“bang for the buck” are limited. To help answer this
question, we begin with an overview of the justifications
for, and the arguments against, subsidizing clean energy
technologies. Next, we briefly describe major subsidies.
Finally, we summarize key design choices, suggesting an
increased focus on upfront cash payments for physical
outcomes such as capacity. This contrasts with the
considerable focus on tax credits, loan guarantees,
production, and cost-based subsidies which have been more
prominent to date.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2019.02.018},
Key = {fds342118}
}
@article{fds336242,
Author = {Fischer, C and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Horizontal equity effects in energy regulation},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {6},
Number = {S1},
Pages = {S209-S237},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/701192},
Abstract = {Choices in energy regulation, particularly whether and how
to price externalities, can have widely different
distributional consequences both across and within income
groups. Traditional welfare theory focuses largely on
effects across income groups; such “vertical equity”
concerns can typically be addressed by a progressive
redistribution of emissions revenues. In this paper, we
review alternative economic perspectives that give rise to
equity concerns within income groups, or “horizontal
equity,” and suggest operational measures. We then apply
those measures to a stylized model of pollution regulation
in the electricity sector. In addition, we look for ways to
present the information behind those measures directly to
stakeholders. We show how horizontal equity concerns might
overshadow efficiency concerns in this context.},
Doi = {10.1086/701192},
Key = {fds336242}
}
@article{fds342570,
Author = {Deryugina, T and Fullerton, D and Pizer, WA},
Title = {An introduction to energy policy trade-offs between economic
efficiency and distributional equity},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {6},
Number = {S1},
Pages = {S1-S6},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/701515},
Doi = {10.1086/701515},
Key = {fds342570}
}
@article{fds336243,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Sexton, S},
Title = {The Distributional Impacts of Energy Taxes},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-123},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rey021},
Abstract = {Taxes have long been advocated by economists for efficient
pollution control, particularly in the energy sector.
However, these taxes may enjoy less political support than
standards-based regulation at least partly because of the
common assumption that they place a greater burden on the
poor than the rich. This article evaluates the validity of
that assumption by reviewing the literature on the
distributional impacts of energy taxes and by analyzing
energy consumption surveys in select countries. The evidence
suggests that energy taxes need not be as regressive as is
often assumed. We find that the incidence (i.e.,
distributional impact) of such taxes depends upon the energy
commodities that are taxed; the physical, social, and
climatic characteristics of the jurisdictions in which they
are implemented; and the use of energy tax revenues. We also
show that the variation in household energy expenditure is
greater within income groups than across income groups and
that such variation is not easily reduced.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rey021},
Key = {fds336243}
}
@article{fds340746,
Author = {Li, Y and Pizer, WA and Wu, L},
Title = {Climate change and residential electricity consumption in
the Yangtze River Delta, China.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {2},
Pages = {472-477},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804667115},
Abstract = {Estimating the impact of climate change on energy use across
the globe is essential for analysis of both mitigation and
adaptation policies. Yet existing empirical estimates are
concentrated in Western countries, especially the United
States. We use daily data on household electricity
consumption to estimate how electricity consumption would
change in Shanghai in the context of climate change. For
colder days <7 °C, a 1 °C increase in daily temperature
reduces electricity consumption by 2.8%. On warm days >25
°C, a 1 °C increase in daily temperatures leads to a 14.5%
increase in electricity consumption. As income increases,
households' weather sensitivity remains the same for hotter
days in the summer but increases during the winter. We use
this estimated behavior in conjunction with a collection of
downscaled global climate models (GCMs) to construct a
relationship between future annual global mean surface
temperature (GMST) changes and annual residential
electricity consumption. We find that annual electricity
consumption increases by 9.2% per +1 °C in annual GMST. In
comparison, annual peak electricity use increases by as much
as 36.1% per +1 °C in annual GMST. Although most accurate
for Shanghai, our findings could be most credibly extended
to the urban areas in the Yangtze River Delta, covering
roughly one-fifth of China's urban population and one-fourth
of the gross domestic product.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1804667115},
Key = {fds340746}
}
@article{fds336240,
Author = {Bielen, DA and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Who did the ethanol tax credit benefit? An event analysis of
subsidy incidence},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {161},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.03.005},
Abstract = {At the end of 2011, the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit
(VEETC), which had subsidized the blending of ethanol in
gasoline, was allowed to expire. During its tenure, the
subsidy was the subject of intense scrutiny concerning who
benefited from its existence. Using commodity price data, we
estimate the subsidy incidence accruing to corn farmers,
ethanol producers, gasoline blenders, and gasoline consumers
around the time of expiration. Our empirical approach
contributes methodologically to the event studies literature
by analyzing futures contract prices (as opposed to spot
prices) when possible. Ultimately, we find compelling
evidence that, at the date of VEETC expiration, ethanol
producers captured about 25¢ of the 45¢ subsidy per gallon
of ethanol blended. We find suggestive, albeit inconclusive,
evidence that a portion of this benefit (about 5¢ per
gallon) was passed further upstream from ethanol producers
to corn farmers. Most of the remainder seems most likely to
have been captured by the blenders themselves. On the
petroleum side, we find no evidence that oil refiners
captured any part of the subsidy. We also find no evidence
that the subsidy was passed downstream to gasoline consumers
in the form of lower gasoline prices.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.03.005},
Key = {fds336240}
}
@misc{fds336241,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Zhang, X},
Title = {China’s New National Carbon Market},
Journal = {AEA Papers and Proceedings},
Volume = {108},
Pages = {463-467},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20181029},
Abstract = {<jats:p> On December 19, 2017, China announced the official
start of its national emissions trading system (ETS)
construction program. When fully implemented, this program
will more than double the volume of worldwide carbon dioxide
emissions covered by either tax or tradable permit policy.
Many of program's design features reflect those of China's
pilot programs but differ from those of most emissions
trading programs in the United States and Europe. This paper
explains the context and design of China's new carbon
market, discusses implications and possible modifications,
and suggests topics for further research.
</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/pandp.20181029},
Key = {fds336241}
}
@article{fds332833,
Author = {Iyer, G and Calvin, K and Clarke, L and Edmonds, J and Hultman, N and Hartin, C and McJeon, H and Aldy, J and Pizer, W},
Title = {Implications of sustainable development considerations for
comparability across nationally determined
contributions},
Journal = {Nature Climate Change},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {124-129},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-017-0039-z},
Abstract = {An important component of the Paris Agreement is the
assessment of comparability across nationally determined
contributions (NDCs). Indeed, game-theory literature on
international environmental agreements highlights the need
for comparable emission-mitigation efforts by countries to
avoid free-riding 1 . At the same time, there are
well-recognized links between mitigation and other national
priorities, including but not limited to the 17 United
Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2-6, which
raises the question of how such links might influence
comparability assessments. Here, using a global integrated
assessment model 7, we demonstrate that geographical
distributions of the influence of meeting the domestic
mitigation component of the NDCs on a subset of the broader
SDGs may not align with distributions of effort across NDCs
obtained from conventional emissions-based or cost-based
comparability metrics 8-11 . This implies that comparability
assessments would be altered if interactions between
mitigation and other SDGs were accounted for. Furthermore,
we demonstrate that the extent to which these distributions
differ depends on the degree to which mitigation activities
directly affect broader SDGs domestically and indirectly
affect international goals, and whether these effects are
synergistic or antagonistic. Our analysis provides a
foundation for assessing how comparability across NDCs could
be better understood in the larger context of
sustainability.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41558-017-0039-z},
Key = {fds332833}
}
@misc{fds351175,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Combining price and quantity controls to mitigate global
climate change},
Pages = {391-416},
Booktitle = {Climate Change},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9780815388081},
Abstract = {Uncertainty about compliance costs causes otherwise
equivalent price and quantity controls to behave differently
and leads to divergent welfare consequences. Although most
of the debate on global climate change policy has focused on
quantity controls due to their political appeal, this paper
argues that price controls are more efficient. Simulations
based on a stochastic computable general equilibrium model
indicate that the expected welfare gain from the optimal
price policy is five times higher than the expected gain
from the optimal quantity policy. An alternative hybrid
policy combines both the political appeal of quantity
controls with the efficiency of prices, using an initial
distribution of tradeable permits to set a quantitative
target, but allowing additional permits to be purchased at a
fixed "trigger" price. Even sub-optimal hybrid policies
offer dramatic efficiency improvements over otherwise
standard quantity controls. For example, a $50 trigger price
per ton of carbon converts the $3 trillion expected loss
associated with a simple 1990 emission target to a $150
billion gain. These results suggest that a hybrid policy is
an attractive alternative to either a pure price or quantity
system.},
Key = {fds351175}
}
@article{fds327319,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {What's the damage from climate change?},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {356},
Number = {6345},
Pages = {1330-1331},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aan5201},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aan5201},
Key = {fds327319}
}
@article{fds317869,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Alternative metrics for comparing domestic climate change
mitigation efforts and the emerging international climate
policy architecture},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-24},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rev013},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rev013},
Key = {fds317869}
}
@article{fds328044,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA and Akimoto, K},
Title = {Transparency, Policy Surveillance, and the Comparison of
Mitigation Efforts},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds328044}
}
@article{fds320241,
Author = {Aldy, J and Pizer, W and Tavoni, M and Reis, LA and Akimoto, K and Blanford, G and Carraro, C and Clarke, LE and Edmonds, J and Iyer, GC and McJeon, HC and Richels, R and Rose, S and Sano, F},
Title = {Economic tools to promote transparency and comparability in
the Paris Agreement},
Journal = {Nature Climate Change},
Volume = {6},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1000-1004},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3106},
Abstract = {The Paris Agreement culminates a six-year transition towards
an international climate policy architecture based on
parties submitting national pledges every five years. An
important policy task will be to assess and compare these
contributions. We use four integrated assessment models to
produce metrics of Paris Agreement pledges, and show
differentiated effort across countries: wealthier countries
pledge to undertake greater emission reductions with higher
costs. The pledges fall in the lower end of the
distributions of the social cost of carbon and the
cost-minimizing path to limiting warming to 2 °C,
suggesting insufficient global ambition in light of leaders'
climate goals. Countries' marginal abatement costs vary by
two orders of magnitude, illustrating that large efficiency
gains are available through joint mitigation efforts and/or
carbon price coordination. Marginal costs rise almost
proportionally with income, but full policy costs reveal
more complex regional patterns due to terms of trade
effects.},
Doi = {10.1038/nclimate3106},
Key = {fds320241}
}
@misc{fds370984,
Author = {Murray, B and Pizer, W and Reichert, C},
Title = {Increasing Emissions Certainty under a Carbon
Tax},
Pages = {10 pages},
Publisher = {Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy
Solutions},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, some groups have
proposed that the United States consider use of a carbon
tax. But whether the nation will achieve a specific
emissions goal is uncertain because the economy’s response
to such a tax is uncertain. Ultimately, there is an
underlying tradeoff between certainty about emissions and
certainty about prices and costs. To reduce uncertainty
about whether a tax will achieve specific emissions goals,
additional mitigation measures could be called on if
emissions exceed those goals by a given amount. However,
such additional measures introduce uncertainty about costs.
At the extreme, a commitment to achieve emissions targets at
all costs would imply that costs could be quite high.
Discussions of policy mechanisms to increase price and cost
certainty under several current cap-and-trade programs
confronted this same dilemma: how much uncertainty about
emissions outcomes is acceptable given reciprocal
uncertainty about costs? Viewed through a slightly different
lens, mechanisms that balance emissions and cost uncertainty
can be viewed as a way to structure a more careful
compromise between economic and environmental interests.
This policy brief discusses mechanisms that could increase
emissions certainty under a carbon tax. It draws from recent
discussions between the authors and other policy experts,
and its goal is to introduce ideas for further exploration.
It begins with a discussion of how to measure emissions
performance, or what it means to be achieving or not
achieving an emissions goal. This performance would
presumably provide the basis for pursuing remedial
mechanisms. Next, the brief turns to a taxonomy of such
mechanisms and the challenges and opportunities of each. It
discusses ideas for initiating these mechanisms, either
through some automated or discretionary procedure. The brief
concludes with areas for additional research. The brief
intentionally raises more questions than it
answers—questions will be important to explore in ways
that can provide guidance to policy decisions and
design.},
Key = {fds370984}
}
@article{fds317867,
Author = {Dietz, S and Groom, B and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Weighing the costs and benefits of climate change to our
children},
Journal = {Future of Children},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-155},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/foc.2016.0007},
Abstract = {Our efforts to put the brakes on climate change or adapt to
a warming climate present a fundamental tradeoff between
costs borne today and benefits that accrue to the children
and grandchildren of the current generation. In making
investments today that affect future generations’
prospects, we need to think carefully about how we value
their welfare compared to our own. A common economic formula
recommends giving up only 5 cents today for every dollar of
benefits 100 years in the future; we call this discounting
the future. Underlying this approach is the assumption that
future generations will be much better off than our own,
just as we are much wealthier than our ancestors were. Would
our descendants’ agree with this approach? Are there
reasons to put more value on future benefits? William Pizer,
Ben Groom, and Simon Dietz discuss three possible reasons
that we might put a higher value on future benefits. First,
people disagree considerably about the correct discount
rate. Other plausible interpretations of society’s
preferences or observed data could increase the weight we
place on future benefits by as much as a factor of five.
Second, we may have failed to correctly value future climate
change impacts, particularly those related to the loss of
environmental amenities that have no close monetary
substitutes. Third, we may not be properly valuing the risk
that a warming climate could cause sudden and catastrophic
changes that would drastically alter the size of the
population. Ultimately, the authors write, many of the
choices about how we value future generations’ welfare
come down to ethical questions, and many of the decisions we
must make come down to societal preferences—all of which
will be difficult to extract from data or
theory.},
Doi = {10.1353/foc.2016.0007},
Key = {fds317867}
}
@article{fds343242,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {The competitiveness impacts of climate change mitigation
policies},
Pages = {565-595},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/683305},
Abstract = {The pollution haven hypothesis suggests that unilateral
domestic climate change mitigation policy would impose
significant economic costs on carbon-intensive industries,
resulting in declining output and increasing net imports. In
order to evaluate this hypothesis, we undertake a two-step
empirical analysis. First, we estimate how production and
net imports change in response to energy prices using a
35-year panel of approximately 450 US manufacturing
industries. Second, we use these estimated relationships to
simulate the impacts of changes in energy prices resulting
from a $15 per ton carbon price. We find that
energy-intensive manufacturing industries are more likely to
experience decreases in production and increases in net
imports than less-intensive industries. Our best estimate is
that competitiveness effects—measured by the increase in
net imports—are as large as 0.8% for the most
energy-intensive industries and represent no more than about
one-sixth of the estimated decrease in production.},
Doi = {10.1086/683305},
Key = {fds343242}
}
@article{fds267328,
Author = {Murray, BC and Pizer, WA and Ross, MT},
Title = {Regulating existing power plants under the U.S. Clean Air
Act: Present and future consequences of key design
choices},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {83},
Pages = {87-98},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0301-4215},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2015.03.028},
Abstract = {In June 2014, the U.S. EPA released its proposed rules to
regulate carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel
power plants, triggering considerable debate on the
proposal's design and its environmental and economic
consequences. One question not addressed by this debate is
this: What if the EPA regulations turn out to be inadequate
to address future mitigation goals? That is, what will the
landscape for future policies look like if these regulations
turn out to be just an interim measure? This analysis
compares potential short- and long-term consequences of
several key regulatory design choices, including mass-based
versus rate-based standards, tradable versus non-tradable
standards, and differentiated versus single standards. It
finds that long-term consequences may be significant in
terms of the legacy they leave for future policy revisions:
tradable standards lead to lower electricity prices and
become weaker over time; differentiated tradable standards
lead to relatively greater investment in coal retrofits;
non-tradable standards lead to relatively greater retirement
of coal capacity. It may be the case that key policy choices
entail one set of trade-offs if proposed EPA rules are
viewed as relatively permanent and final and another set of
tradeoffs if the rules are viewed as an interim
solution.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2015.03.028},
Key = {fds267328}
}
@article{fds267329,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Yates, AJ},
Title = {Terminating links between emission trading
programs},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {71},
Pages = {142-159},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10258 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Links between emission trading programs are not immutable,
as highlighted by New Jersey's exit from the Regional
Greenhouse Gas Initiative in 2011. This raises the question
of what to do with existing permits that are banked for
future use-choices that have consequences for market
behavior in advance of, or upon speculation about,
delinking. We consider two delinking policies. One
differentiates banked permits by origin, the other treats
banked permits the same. We describe the price behavior and
relative cost-effectiveness of each policy. Treating permits
differently generally leads to higher costs, and may lead to
price divergence, even with only speculation about
delinking.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2015.03.003},
Key = {fds267329}
}
@misc{fds267326,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Comparing countries' climate mitigation efforts in a
post-Kyoto world},
Pages = {233-252},
Booktitle = {Implementing a US Carbon Tax: Challenges and
Debates},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9781138814158},
Key = {fds267326}
}
@article{fds267332,
Author = {Pizer, W and Adler, M and Aldy, J and Anthoff, D and Cropper, M and Gillingham, K and Greenstone, M and Murray, B and Newell, R and Richels,
R and Rowell, A and Waldhoff, S and Wiener, J},
Title = {Using and improving the social cost of carbon},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {346},
Number = {6214},
Pages = {1189-1190},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6214/1189.full},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1259774},
Key = {fds267332}
}
@article{fds267333,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets: Past, present, and future},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-215},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10262 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Carbon markets are substantial and expanding. There are many
lessons from experience over the past 9 years: fewer free
allowances, careful moderation of low and high prices, and a
recognition that trading systems require adjustments that
have consequences for market participants and market
confidence. Moreover, the emerging international
architecture features separate emissions trading systems
serving distinct jurisdictions. These programs are
complemented by a variety of other types of policies
alongside the carbon markets. This architecture sits in
sharp contrast to the integrated global trading architecture
envisioned 15 years ago by the designers of the Kyoto
Protocol and raises a suite of new questions. In this new
architecture, jurisdictions with emissions trading have to
decide how, whether, and when to link with one another, and
policy makers must confront how to measure both the
comparability of efforts among markets and the comparability
between markets and a variety of other policy
approaches.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100913-012655},
Key = {fds267333}
}
@article{fds267330,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Comparability of Effort in International Climate Policy
Architecture},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {The comparability of domestic actions to mitigate global
climate change has important implications for the stability,
equity, and efficiency of international climate agreements.
We examine a variety of metrics that could be used to
evaluate countries’ climate change mitigation effort and
illustrate their potential application for large developed
and developing countries. We also explain how transparent
measures of the comparability of effort can contribute to
the design of international and domestic climate change
policy along several dimensions. For example, such measures
can facilitate participation and compliance in an agreement
if they can illustrate that all parties are doing their
“fair share.” Second, these measures can inform the
bilateral linking of domestic cap-and-trade programs in a
manner akin to how nations negotiate the lowering of trade
barriers more generally in trade policy. Third, assessments
of the comparability of effort can affect whether to
implement and, if necessary, the stringency of unilateral
border measures (e.g., a border tax). Finally, such
assessments demonstrate the need for a well-functioning
policy surveillance regime.},
Key = {fds267330}
}
@article{fds267335,
Author = {Arrow, KJ and Cropper, ML and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, GM and Newell, RG and Nordhaus, WD and Pindyck, RS and Pizer, WA and Portney,
PR and Sterner, T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, ML},
Title = {Should governments use a declining discount rate in project
analysis?},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-163},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10268 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {At a workshop held at Resources for the Future in September
2011, twelve of the authors were asked by the US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to provide advice on
the principles to be used in discounting the benefits and
costs of projects that affect future generations. Maureen L.
Cropper chaired the workshop. Much of the discussion in this
article is based on the authors' recommendations and advice
presented at the workshop. © The Author
2014.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/reu008},
Key = {fds267335}
}
@article{fds267336,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets: Effective policy? - Response},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {344},
Number = {6191},
Pages = {1460-1461},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10261 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1126/science.344.6191.1460-c},
Key = {fds267336}
}
@article{fds267337,
Author = {Cropper, ML and Freeman, MC and Groom, B and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Declining discount rates},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {5},
Pages = {538-543},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.5.538},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.5.538},
Key = {fds267337}
}
@article{fds267338,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon market lessons and global policy outlook},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {343},
Number = {6177},
Pages = {1316-1317},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10260 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Ongoing work on linking markets and mixing policies builds
on successes and failures in pricing and trading
carbon.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1246907},
Key = {fds267338}
}
@misc{fds200749,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Lee Branstetter},
Title = {Facing the Climate Change Challenge in a Global
Economy},
Booktitle = {Globalization in an Age of Crisis},
Publisher = {Chicago: University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Robert Feenstra and Alan Taylor},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds200749}
}
@misc{fds370985,
Author = {Wiener, J and Stavins, R and Ji, Z and Others, O},
Title = {International Cooperation: Agreements and
Institutions},
Booktitle = {Climate Change 2014: Mitigation},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds370985}
}
@article{fds317870,
Author = {Arrow, KJ and Cropper, M and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, GM and Newell, RG and Nordhaus, WD and Pindyck, RS and Pizer, WA and Portney,
P and Sterner, T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, M},
Title = {How Should Benefits and Costs Be Discounted in an
Intergenerational Context? The Views of an Expert
Panel},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {In September 2011, the US Environmental Protection Agency
asked 12 economists how the benefits and costs of
regulations should be discounted for projects that affect
future generations. This paper summarizes the views of the
panel on three topics: the use of the Ramsey formula as an
organizing principle for determining discount rates over
long horizons, whether the discount rate should decline over
time, and how intra- and intergenerational discounting
practices can be made compatible. The panel members agree
that the Ramsey formula provides a useful framework for
thinking about intergenerational discounting. We also agree
that theory provides compelling arguments for a declining
certainty-equivalent discount rate. In the Ramsey formula,
uncertainty about the future rate of growth in per capita
consumption can lead to a declining consumption rate of
discount, assuming that shocks to consumption are positively
correlated. This uncertainty in future consumption growth
rates may be estimated econometrically based on historic
observations, or it can be derived from subjective
uncertainty about the mean rate of growth in mean
consumption or its volatility. Determining the remaining
parameters of the Ramsey formula is, however,
challenging.},
Key = {fds317870}
}
@article{fds267341,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA and Raimi, D},
Title = {Carbon markets 15 years after Kyoto: Lessons learned, new
challenges},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-146},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10264 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.27.1.123},
Key = {fds267341}
}
@article{fds267339,
Author = {Arrow, K and Cropper, M and Gollier, C and Groom, B and Heal, G and Newell,
R and Nordhaus, W and Pindyck, R and Pizer, W and Portney, P and Sterner,
T and Tol, RSJ and Weitzman, M},
Title = {Determining benefits and costs for future
generations},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {341},
Number = {6144},
Pages = {349-350},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10265 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The United States and others should consider adopting a
different approach to estimating costs and benefits in light
of uncertainty.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1235665},
Key = {fds267339}
}
@misc{fds218838,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {How Governments can best use public funds for
CDM},
Journal = {Guest Commentary, Carbon Markets Europe},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {8},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218838}
}
@misc{fds218839,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Scott Morris},
Title = {Thinking Through When the World Bank Should Fund Coal
Projects},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://www.cgdev.org/publication/thnking-through-when-world-bank-should-fund-coal-projects},
Key = {fds218839}
}
@article{fds218845,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Kenneth Arrow and Maureen L. Cropper and Christian Gollier and Ben Groom and Geoffrey M. Heal and Richard G.
Newell and Robert S. Pindyck and Paul R. Portney and Thomas Sterner and Richard S. J. Tol and Martin L. Weitzman},
Title = {How Should Benefits and Costs Be Discounted in an
Intergenerational Context?},
Journal = {Submitted to Review of Environmental Economics and
Policy},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218845}
}
@article{fds218846,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Working Paper and Andrew
Yates},
Title = {Linking and delinking pollution permit markets},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218846}
}
@article{fds218831,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Carbon Market 15 Years after Kyoto: Lessons Learned, New
Challenges},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218831}
}
@misc{fds218833,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Adam M. Finkel and Christopher Carrigan and eds. , With Joseph Aldy},
Title = {The Employment and Competitiveness Impacts of Power-Sector
Regulations. In Cary Coglianese},
Booktitle = {Does Regulation Kill Jobs?},
Publisher = {University of Pennsylvania Press},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218833}
}
@misc{fds218834,
Author = {William A. Pizer and With Joseph Aldy and I. Parry and A. Morris and R. Williams},
Title = {Comparing Countries' Climate Mitigation Efforts in a
Post-Kyoto World},
Journal = {Carbon Taxes and Fiscal Reforms: Key Issues Facing US Policy
Makers},
Publisher = {International Monetary Fund},
Address = {Washington},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds218834}
}
@misc{fds370986,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {The Employment and Competitiveness Impacts of Power-Sector
Regulations},
Pages = {70-88},
Booktitle = {DOES REGULATION KILL JOBS?},
Year = {2013},
ISBN = {978-0-8122-4576-9},
Key = {fds370986}
}
@article{fds317871,
Author = {Kerr, S and Leining, C and Sefton, J and Montero, J-P and Vicuna, S and Sanhueza, JE and Grasty, M and Lubowski, RN and Sterner, T and Pizer,
WA and Dodwell, C and Hobley, A},
Title = {Roadmap for Implementing a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading
System in Chile: Core Design Options and Policy
Decision-Making Considerations},
Journal = {Motu Working Paper},
Number = {12},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Motu and partners were contracted by the World Bank through
its Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR) initiative to
“Draft a proposal for the implementation in Chile of a
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (ETS)”. The
specific objective in the terms of reference is to
“Propose a detailed roadmap, including its design
elements, to inform decision-making for an advanced model of
an ETS in Chile”. This is one of a set of four related
reports commissioned to assist the Chilean government in
preparing its “market readiness proposal” (MRP) for
submission to the World Bank. This report is the first step
in a process that aims to clarify how an ETS could work in
Chile and what the environmental, economic and social
impacts would be. This process will allow the Chilean
government and key stakeholders to assess, in a more
informed way, whether an ETS would be desirable in Chile, as
well as the optimal design of an ETS to achieve policy
objectives and priorities. Given that Chile intends to move
forward with a climate policy, an ETS presents several
environmental, economic, and political advantages relative
to other instruments, but also some challenges. This report
addresses each of the core components of an ETS: sector
coverage; point of obligation for regulated sectors; the
level of ambition; linking to other markets and use of
(domestic and international) offsets; emissions trading
phases; and allocation of units. Cost containment, price
stabilisation and potential use of border carbon adjustments
are not covered in detail in this report. Design options are
analysed from a largely conceptual basis, but drawing on
lessons learned in operating schemes and taking account of
Chile’s national circumstances to the extent of available
information, as well as highlighting critical points of
divergence in scheme design depending on the underlying
policy goals. The design options are brought together in a
decision-making framework out of which we identify a smaller
number of central options that appear to make the most sense
for Chile. Each of the sections on core components
identifies issues where Chile-specific research is needed to
better inform key design decisions and technical
implementation of the scheme ultimately chosen. Research
needs for the next phase of policy development are
discussed. We conclude with a high-level discussion of
process going forward, both in terms of education and
learning to enable an informed national debate, and in terms
of developing broad (political, industry, and public)
support for more serious consideration of an ETS as an
option for Chile. Chile could have several overlapping
objectives for an ETS: cost-effectively contributing to
global emission reductions; lowering the carbon-footprint of
Chile’s exports in anticipation of potential trade
restrictions against high-emitting countries and products;
driving sustainable development including stimulation of new
technology; profiting from sales of units to international
buyers; generating co-benefits and avoiding perverse
outcomes. The balance among objectives will affect design
decisions so clarity about their relative weight and their
implications for design is useful. There was a clear signal
at the Durban climate change conference (2012) that at some
point developing countries will be asked to have
commitments. Chile will want to be prepared to respond to
this. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading systems evolved
out of domestic cap-and-trade systems that control local
pollutants. If there were a global GHG agreement with a cap,
Chile would simply be one entity within the global
cap-and-trade market. Absent a global GHG agreement with a
cap, every ETS is a compromise between a system that
contributes cost-effectively to global emissions, and a
system that protects local interests in an unstable and
uncertain world. The greatest strength of emissions trading
is that it encourages private actors to use their own
knowledge and skill to find the best mitigation actions,
including long-term investments. In a perfect world
mitigation is done by the myriad of actors who can influence
emissions, at the times and in the places where it is lowest
cost. Even in an imperfect global market, if it is possible
to link emissions markets across countries, linking
facilitates cost-effective location of mitigation effort
across countries by equalising prices across markets, and is
likely to allow Chile to create a more ambitious system
without imposing unacceptable costs on its economy as a
whole. In the current imperfect world, with an uncertain
long-term price and short-term prices that could be quite
different from the long-term price, simply linking to the
“international price” without further price
stabilisation measures would impose risk and volatility on
Chile and would not necessarily move it effectively toward a
low-carbon economy. Linking to other ETS (as a seller) may
also not be feasible in the near term, since the
international market rules post-2012 are still under
negotiation in the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC) and bilateral agreements outside
this framework are still evolving; linking in order to sell
units can be a complex process. However, an ETS can benefit
Chile even before international ETS linking is possible. It
could facilitate financing for a highly credible Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA) or through Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD); send a
regulatory and price signal that influences long-lived
investment decisions and stimulates new technology
development, thus placing Chile on a lower-emission
sustainable development pathway; establish Chile as a
leader; avoid any negative emissions-related trade
repercussions from other countries; generate in-country
revenue that can support government policy objectives; and
produce additional environmental, economic, and social
co-benefits. As international pressure builds for more
ambitious global mitigation, Chile will be better prepared
to contribute to international climate change agreements and
compete effectively in a carbon-constrained global economy.
In a world with an agreed global cap-and-trade system, there
would be much work involved in designing and negotiating
that system, but the domestic implementation would then
follow. In our present situation, design involves a series
of compromises – essentially domestic negotiations – in
terms of the domestic cap, international linking and price
control and stabilisation and protection against leakage.
The aims when making these compromises are to achieve
credibility of emissions reduction effort, a level of carbon
price that Chile is comfortable with, and an acceptable
overall impact on the Chilean economy. This tension from
these compromises arises in each section below. Each offers
one or more proposals for specific design decisions. Our
final prototype draws on the design considerations specific
to each section, and creates a package of coordinated
compromises across issues. These are not recommendations but
sensible options to consider as starting places for further
analysis and discussion among government, researchers, and
stakeholders.},
Key = {fds317871}
}
@article{fds317872,
Author = {Ghosh, A and Muller, B and Pizer, WA and Wagner, G},
Title = {Mobilizing the Private Sector: Quantity-Performance
Instruments for Public Climate Funds},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {In recent years, public sector funding, in general, and for
the support of activities in developing countries, in
particular, has become more and more “results” and
“performance” oriented. There are different methods by
which performance can be “indicated” (or even
“measured”). The focus of this brief is on activities
that are associated with quantitative performance
indicators, i.e., performance assessed in terms of measured
quantities — such as tonnes (of carbon), kilowatt-hours,
or hectares — as carried out by the private sector. The
aim of this brief is to review options for the use of such
Quantity-Performance (QP) instruments as a way of channeling
public funds to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in a
cost-effective way. QP instruments reward quantified
mitigation performance, typically measured in tonnes of
carbon dioxide-equivalent of achieved emissions reductions.
As such, they imply exactly the kind of results monitoring
that the current trend in public funding demands. They could
be used by governments or multilateral funds, such as the
Green Climate Fund, to mobilize the private sector and
private sector finance for mitigation activities in
developing countries.},
Key = {fds317872}
}
@article{fds317873,
Author = {Branstetter, L and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Facing the Climate Change Challenge in a Global
Economy},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Over the past two decades, the international community has
struggled to deal constructively with the problem of
mitigating climate change. This is considered by many to be
the preeminent public policy challenge of our time, but
actual policy responses have been relatively modest. This
essay provides an abbreviated narrative history of
international policy in this domain, with a special emphasis
on aspects of the problem, proposed solutions, and
unresolved issues that are of interest to international
economists and informed observers of the global economic
system. We also discuss the potential conflict that could
emerge between free trade principles on the one hand and
environmental policy objectives on the other.},
Key = {fds317873}
}
@article{fds218847,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Mark Buntaine},
Title = {Leaders or Followers? Donor Financing of Clean Energy
Projects in Developing Countries},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds218847}
}
@article{fds218848,
Author = {William A Pizer and Joseph Addy},
Title = {How Will Climate Change Policies Affect Domestic
Manufactuing?},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds218848}
}
@article{fds267364,
Author = {Fell, H and MacKenzie, IA and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Prices versus quantities versus bankable
quantities},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {4},
Pages = {607-623},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10276 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Quantity-based regulation with banking allows regulated
firms to shift obligations across time in response to
periods of unexpectedly high or low marginal costs. Despite
its wide prevalence in existing and proposed emission
trading programs, banking has received limited attention in
past welfare analyses of policy choice under uncertainty. We
address this gap with a model of banking behavior that
captures two key constraints: uncertainty about the future
from the firm's perspective and a limit on negative bank
values (e.g. borrowing). We show conditions where banking
provisions reduce price volatility and lower expected costs
compared to quantity policies without banking. For plausible
parameter values related to U.S. climate change policy, we
find that bankable quantities produce behavior quite similar
to price policies for about two decades and, during this
period, improve welfare by about a $1 billion per year over
fixed quantities. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.05.004},
Key = {fds267364}
}
@article{fds267367,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Morgenstern, R and Shih, JS},
Title = {The performance of industrial sector voluntary climate
programs: Climate Wise and 1605(b)},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {39},
Number = {12},
Pages = {7907-7916},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0301-4215},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.040},
Abstract = {Corporate voluntary climate programs have had limited
evaluation. The self-selection of participants-an essential
element of such initiatives-poses challenges to researchers
because the decision to participate may not be random and
may be correlated with outcomes. This study aims to gage the
environmental effectiveness of the industrial sector
elements of two early voluntary climate change programs with
established track records, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's Climate Wise and the U.S. Department of Energy's
Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program (1605(b)).
Particular attention is paid to the participation decision
and how various assumptions affect estimates of program
outcomes using propensity score matching methods applied to
plant-level Census data. Overall, the effects are modest:
reductions in fuel and electricity expenditures are no more
than 10 percent and probably less than 5 percent. Virtually
no evidence suggests either program has a statistically
significant effect on fuel costs. Some evidence indicates
that participation in Climate Wise led to a 3-5 percent
increase in electricity costs that vanished after two years.
Stronger evidence suggests that participation in 1605(b) led
to a 4-8 percent decrease in electricity costs that
persisted for at least three years. These results suggest
that while voluntary programs can play some role in
addressing climate change, they are unlikely to bring about
the kinds of steep reductions called for in the current
debate. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.040},
Key = {fds267367}
}
@article{fds343243,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {The Competitiveness Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation
Policies},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds343243}
}
@misc{fds218842,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Seeding the market: auctioned put options for certified
emissions reductions},
Journal = {Nicholas Institute Policy Brief 11-06},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds218842}
}
@article{fds267384,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, AJ and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing climate mitigation policy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {903-934},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7011 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper provides (for the nonspecialist) a highly
streamlined discussion of the main issues, and
controversies, in the design of climate mitigation policy.
The first part of the paper discusses how much action to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the global level is
efficient under both the cost-effectiveness and
welfare-maximizing paradigms. We then discuss various issues
in the implementation of domestic emissions control policy,
instrument choice, and incentives for technological
innovation. Finally, we discuss alternative policy
architectures at the international level.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.48.4.903},
Key = {fds267384}
}
@article{fds343244,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, AJ and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing Climate Mitigation Policy},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper provides (for the nonspecialist) a highly
streamlined discussion of the main issues, and
controversies, in the design of climate mitigation policy.
The first part of the paper discusses how much action to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the global level is
efficient under both the cost-effectiveness and
welfare-maximizing paradigms. We then discuss various issues
in the implementation of domestic emissions control policy,
instrument choice, and incentives for technological
innovation. Finally, we discuss alternative policy
architectures at the international level. (JEL Q54,
Q58)},
Key = {fds343244}
}
@article{fds267385,
Author = {Blackman, A and Lahiri, B and Pizer, W and Rivera Planter and M and Muñoz
Piña, C},
Title = {Voluntary environmental regulation in developing countries:
Mexico's Clean Industry Program},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {60},
Number = {3},
Pages = {182-192},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2010.05.006},
Abstract = {Because conventional command-and-control environmental
regulation often performs poorly in developing countries,
policymakers are increasingly experimenting with
alternatives, including voluntary regulatory programs.
Research in industrialized countries suggests that such
programs are sometimes ineffective, because they mainly
attract relatively clean participants free-riding on
unrelated pollution control investments. We use plant-level
data on more than 100,000 facilities to analyze the Clean
Industry Program, Mexico's flagship voluntary regulatory
initiative. We seek to identify the drivers of participation
and to determine whether the program improves participants'
environmental performance. Using data from the program's
first decade, we find that plants recently fined by
environmental regulators were more likely to participate,
but that after graduating from the program, participants
were not fined at a substantially lower rate than
nonparticipants. These results suggest that although the
Clean Industry Program attracted dirty plants under pressure
from regulators, it did not have a large, lasting impact on
their environmental performance. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2010.05.006},
Key = {fds267385}
}
@article{fds304221,
Author = {Pizer, W and Sanchirico, JN and Batz, M},
Title = {Regional patterns of U.S. household carbon
emissions},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-63},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0165-0009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9637-8},
Abstract = {Market-based policies to address fossil fuel-related
externalities including climate change typically operate by
raising the price of those fuels. Increases in energy prices
have important consequences for a typical U. S. household
that spent almost $4,000 per year on electricity, fuel oil,
natural gas, and gasoline in 2005. A key question for
policymakers is how these consequences vary over different
regions and subpopulations across the country-especially as
adjustment and compensation programs are designed to protect
more vulnerable regions. To answer this question, we use
non-publicly available data from the U. S. Consumer
Expenditure Survey over the period 1984-2000 to estimate
long-run geographic variation in household use of
electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline, as well as
the associated incidence of a $10 per ton tax on carbon
dioxide (ignoring behavioral response). We find substantial
variation: incidence from the tax range from $97 dollars per
year per household in New York County, New York to $235 per
year per household in Tensas Parish, Louisiana. This
variation can be explained by differences in energy use,
carbon intensity of electricity generation, and electricity
regulation. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
2009.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-009-9637-8},
Key = {fds304221}
}
@article{fds267390,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Batz, M and Sanchirico, J},
Title = {Regional Patterns of Household Carbon Emissions},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {47-63},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0165-0009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9637-8},
Keywords = {Carbon},
Abstract = {Market-based policies to address fossil fuel-related
externalities including climate change typically operate by
raising the price of those fuels. Increases in energy prices
have important consequences for a typical U. S. household
that spent almost $4,000 per year on electricity, fuel oil,
natural gas, and gasoline in 2005. A key question for
policymakers is how these consequences vary over different
regions and subpopulations across the country-especially as
adjustment and compensation programs are designed to protect
more vulnerable regions. To answer this question, we use
non-publicly available data from the U. S. Consumer
Expenditure Survey over the period 1984-2000 to estimate
long-run geographic variation in household use of
electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline, as well as
the associated incidence of a $10 per ton tax on carbon
dioxide (ignoring behavioral response). We find substantial
variation: incidence from the tax range from $97 dollars per
year per household in New York County, New York to $235 per
year per household in Tensas Parish, Louisiana. This
variation can be explained by differences in energy use,
carbon intensity of electricity generation, and electricity
regulation. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
2009.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-009-9637-8},
Key = {fds267390}
}
@article{fds321873,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Olmstead, SM},
Title = {Information Disclosure and Drinking Water
Quality},
Journal = {Resources Magazine},
Pages = {88-89},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331253},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331253},
Key = {fds321873}
}
@article{fds311238,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Krupnick, A and Newell, RG and Parry, IWH and Pizer,
WA},
Title = {Designing Climate Mitigation Policy},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.rff.org/Aldy.cfm},
Abstract = {This paper provides an exhaustive review of critical issues
in the design of climate mitigation policy by pulling
together key findings and controversies from diverse
literatures on mitigation costs, damage valuation, policy
instrument choice, technological innovation, and
international climate policy. We begin with the broadest
issue of how high assessments suggest the near and medium
term price on greenhouse gases would need to be, both under
cost-effective stabilization of global climate and under net
benefit maximization or Pigouvian emissions pricing. The
remainder of the paper focuses on the appropriate scope of
regulation, issues in policy instrument choice,
complementary technology policy, and international policy
architectures.},
Key = {fds311238}
}
@article{fds267323,
Author = {Hall, DS and Levi, MA and Pizer, WA and Ueno, T},
Title = {Policies for developing country engagement},
Pages = {649-681},
Booktitle = {Post-Kyoto International Climate Policy: Implementing
Architectures for Agreement},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {Cambridge},
Editor = {Joseph Aldy and Robert Stavins},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813207.022},
Abstract = {Introduction: Much of the debate surrounding global climate
policy focuses on the appropriate role for developing
countries in mitigating global emissions—and on how
industrialized countries can best support and encourage that
role. Climate change is a global problem that requires all
major emitting countries to undertake mitigation efforts;
moreover, developing countries account for most of the
emissions growth projected over the next century. If current
developing countries are going to make significant progress
towards greater prosperity while the world simultaneously
seeks to stabilize atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG)
concentrations at somewhere between 450 and 750 parts per
million carbon dioxide-equivalent (ppm CO2e), developing
countries are going to have to develop in a less
GHG-intensive fashion than the already-industrialized
economies did (Clarke et al. 2007). Yet developing countries
face considerable obstacles: they lack resources and place
greater priority on economic development relative to
environmental protection. At the same time, industrialized
countries like the United States are well aware that their
own efforts to reduce emissions can be thwarted if, through
trade in goods and services, their emitting activities shift
to non-participants in a climate agreement, or if their GHG
cuts are simply overwhelmed by growth elsewhere. The focus
of this chapter is on the intersection of interests between
developing and developed countries. How can developed
countries—with more resources and, for the most part, a
greater sense of urgency— engage developing countries in a
cooperative effort to mitigate climate change? Part of the
answer is an increasing awareness among developing countries
that they themselves are vulnerable to the impacts of
climate change, which will tend to make them more willing to
seek cooperative solutions.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511813207.022},
Key = {fds267323}
}
@article{fds267365,
Author = {Murray, BC and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Balancing cost and emissions certainty: An allowance reserve
for cap-and-trade},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {84-103},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6750 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {On efficiency grounds, the economics community has to date
tended to emphasize price-based policies to address climate
change -- such as taxes or a “safety-valve” price
ceiling for cap-and-trade -— while environmental advocates
have sought a more clear quantitative limit on emissions.
This paper presents a simple modification to the idea of a
safety valve -- a quantitative limit that we call the
allowance reserve. Importantly, this idea may bridge the gap
between competing interests and potentially improve
efficiency relative to tax or other price-based policies.
The last point highlights the deficiencies in several
previous studies of price and quantity controls for climate
change that do not adequately capture the dynamic
opportunities within a cap-and-trade system for allowance
banking, borrowing, and intertemporal arbitrage in response
to unfolding information.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/ren016},
Key = {fds267365}
}
@article{fds267366,
Author = {Aldy, JE and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Issues in designing U.S. climate change policy},
Journal = {Energy Journal},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-210},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol30-No3-9},
Abstract = {Over the coming decades, the cost of U.S. climate change
policy likely will be comparable to the total cost of all
existing environmental regulation-perhaps 1-2 percent of
national income. In order to avoid higher costs, policy
efforts should create incentives for firms and individuals
to pursue the cheapest climate change mitigation options
over time, among all sectors, across national borders, and
in the face of significant uncertainty. Well-designed
national greenhouse gas mitigation policies can serve as the
foundation for global efforts and as an example for emerging
and developing countries. We present six key policy design
issues that will determine the costs, cost-effectiveness,
and distributional impacts of domestic climate policy:
program scope, cost containment, offsets, revenues and
allowance allocation, competitiveness, and R&D policy. We
synthesize the literature on these design features, review
the implications for the ongoing policy debate, and identify
outstanding research questions that can inform policy
development. Copyright © 2009 by the IAEE.},
Doi = {10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol30-No3-9},
Key = {fds267366}
}
@misc{fds195274,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Joseph Aldy},
Title = {The Competitiveness Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation
Policies.},
Journal = {Report by the Pew Center on Global Climate
Change.},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds195274}
}
@misc{fds218835,
Author = {Williams A. Pizer and In Roger Guesnerie and Henry Tulkens},
Title = {Economics versus Climate Change},
Journal = {The Design of Climate Policy},
Publisher = {Cambridge: MIT Press},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds218835}
}
@misc{fds194737,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Economics versus Climate Change},
Booktitle = {The Design of Climate Policy},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Address = {Cambridge, Mass.},
Editor = {Roger Guesnerie and Henry Tulkens},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds194737}
}
@article{fds195290,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Joseph Aldy},
Title = {The Competitiveness Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation
Policies},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds195290}
}
@article{fds317874,
Author = {Pizer, JEAAWA},
Title = {Issues in Designing U.S. Climate Change Policy},
Volume = {Volume 30},
Number = {Number 3},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds317874}
}
@article{fds267389,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Carbon mitigation costs for the commercial building sector:
Discrete-continuous choice analysis of multifuel energy
demand},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {527-539},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7456 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S.
commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the
responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to
energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates
fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is
characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate
estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the
U.S. Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows
for exceptionally detailed estimation of price
responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We
then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel
type, through a series of simulations; own-price
elasticities range from -0.9 for district heat services to
-2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of a
marginal cost curve for carbon mitigation, which suggests
that a price of $20 per ton of carbon would result in an 8%
reduction in commercial carbon emissions, and a price of
$100 per ton would result in a 28% reduction. © 2008
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.reseneeco.2008.09.004},
Key = {fds267389}
}
@article{fds267386,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Popp, D},
Title = {Endogenizing technological change: Matching empirical
evidence to modeling needs},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2754-2770},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2008.02.006},
Abstract = {Given that technologies to significantly reduce fossil fuel
emissions are currently unavailable or only available at
high cost, technological change will be a key component of
any long-term strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
In light of this, the amount of research on the pace,
direction, and benefits of environmentally-friendly
technological change has grown dramatically in recent years.
This research includes empirical work estimating the
magnitude of these effects, and modeling exercises designed
to simulate the importance of endogenous technological
change in response to climate policy. Unfortunately, few
attempts have been made to connect these two streams of
research. This paper attempts to bridge that gap. We review
both the empirical and modeling literature on technological
change. Our focus includes the research and development
process, learning by doing, the role of public versus
private research, and technology diffusion. Our goal is to
provide an agenda for how both empirical and modeling
research in these areas can move forward in a complementary
fashion. In doing so, we discuss both how models used for
policy evaluation can better capture empirical phenomena,
and how empirical research can better address the needs of
models used for policy evaluation. © 2008.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2008.02.006},
Key = {fds267386}
}
@article{fds267387,
Author = {Gillingham, K and Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Modeling endogenous technological change for climate policy
analysis},
Journal = {Energy Economics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2734-2753},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-9883},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6628 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The approach used to model technological change in a climate
policy model is a critical determinant of its results in
terms of the time path of CO2 prices and costs required to
achieve various emission reduction goals. We provide an
overview of the different approaches used in the literature,
with an emphasis on recent developments regarding endogenous
technological change, research and development, and
learning. Detailed examination sheds light on the salient
features of each approach, including strengths, limitations,
and policy implications. Key issues include proper
accounting for the opportunity costs of climate-related
knowledge generation, treatment of knowledge spillovers and
appropriability, and the empirical basis for parameterizing
technological relationships. No single approach appears to
dominate on all these dimensions, and different approaches
may be preferred depending on the purpose of the analysis,
be it positive or normative. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2008.03.001},
Key = {fds267387}
}
@article{fds267388,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Indexed regulation},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {221-233},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6755 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Seminal work by Weitzman [Prices vs. quantities, Rev. Econ.
Stud. 41 (1974) 477-491] revealed prices are preferred to
quantities when marginal benefits are relatively flat
compared to marginal costs. We extend this comparison to
indexed policies, where quantities are proportional to an
index, such as output. We find that policy preferences hinge
on additional parameters describing the first and second
moments of the index and the ex post optimal quantity level.
When the ratio of these variables' coefficients of variation
divided by their correlation is less than approximately two,
indexed quantities are preferred to fixed quantities. A
slightly more complex condition determines when indexed
quantities are preferred to prices. Applied to climate
change policy, we find that the range of variation and
correlation in country-level carbon dioxide emissions and
GDP suggests the ranking of an emissions intensity cap
(indexed to GDP) compared to a fixed emission cap is not
uniform across countries; neither policy clearly dominates
the other. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.001},
Key = {fds267388}
}
@article{fds267353,
Author = {Tatsutani, M and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Managing Costs in a U.S. Greenhouse Gas Trading Program: A
Workshop Summary},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Cost containment has emerged as a major point of contention
in the current congressional debate about designing a
cap-and-trade program to limit future U.S. greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions. This paper reviews basic concepts and
policy options for cost management, drawing on a March 2008
workshop sponsored by Resources for the Future (RFF), the
National Commission on Energy Policy, and Duke
University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy
Solutions. The different sources and temporal dimensions of
cost uncertainty are explored, along with possible
mechanisms for addressing short- and long-term cost
concerns, including banking and borrowing, emissions
offsets, a price cap (or safety valve), quantity-limited
allowance reserve, and the concept of an oversight entity
for GHG allowance markets modeled on the Federal Reserve.
Recognizing that the inherent trade-off between
environmental certainty and cost certainty has no perfect
solution, the paper nonetheless concludes that numerous
options exist for striking a reasonable and politically
viable balance between these two objectives. In the effort
to forge consensus around a particular set of options, it
will be important for policymakers to strive to fit the
remedy to the problem they are trying to solve and to
preserve the underlying integrity of the overall program in
terms of its long-term ability to sustain meaningful market
incentives for low-carbon technologies.},
Key = {fds267353}
}
@article{fds267346,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {A U.S. Perspective on Future Climate Regimes},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Momentum may be building for federal climate change policy
in the United States. Assuming this leads to mandatory
greenhouse gas regulations, the door will be open for the
United States to constructively re-engage other countries
concerning an international climate regime. Such a regime
will need to recognize that binding international limits are
unlikely to attract U.S. participation and, therefore, will
require a different approach than the Kyoto Protocol. In
particular, a future regime will need to accommodate and
encourage, rather than force or constrain, domestic actions
to focus more narrowly on major economies and emitting
nations, to balance mitigation and technology objectives,
and to engage developing countries on as many levels as
possible. In place of a heavy emphasis on negotiating
commitments in advance, there likely will need to be greater
emphasis on evaluating actions in retrospect. Such an
approach not only matches recent trends in the United States
but arguably follows from broader experience over the decade
since the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol.},
Key = {fds267346}
}
@article{fds267322,
Author = {Morgenstern, RD and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Concluding observations: What can we learnfrom the case
studies?},
Pages = {166-185},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331123},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331123},
Key = {fds267322}
}
@article{fds267318,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Practical global climate policy},
Pages = {280-340},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511802027.008},
Abstract = {A meaningful discussion of international climate policy
agreement needs to begin by asking the question, what is the
goal of the international agreement? What defines success?
One way to answer this question is to view the problem
through the eyes of a stylized grouping of experts and
stakeholders engaged in the issue: economists, environmental
advocates, and technologists. Economists would likely
describe the goal as maximizing welfare; that is, setting a
global policy that balances expected costs and benefits of
mitigation. Environmental advocates, and indeed the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),
describe a goal of preventing dangerous interference with
the climate system. Like the Clean Air Act in the United
States, it suggests first consulting the science to
establish a safe standard, then following up with a
cost-effective (i.e., least-cost strategy) to achieve it.
Alternatively, the goal might be described by technologists
as the need to develop and deploy climate friendly
technology at a global level, without a heavy emphasis on
near-term emission reductions.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511802027.008},
Key = {fds267318}
}
@article{fds267325,
Author = {Pizer, W},
Title = {Climate policy design under uncertainty},
Volume = {9780521866033},
Pages = {305-313},
Booktitle = {Human-Induced Climate Change},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Address = {Cambridge},
Editor = {Michael Schlesinger et al.},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511619472.030},
Abstract = {The uncertainty surrounding the costs and benefits
associated with global climate change mitigation creates
enormous obstacles for scientists, stakeholders, and
especially policymakers seeking a practical policy solution.
Scientists find it difficult to accurately quantify and
communicate uncertainty; business stakeholders find it
difficult to plan for the future; and policymakers are
challenged to balance competing interests that frequently
talk past each other. Most emissions trading programs to
date have focused on absolute caps that either remain fixed
or decline over time. Examples include the US SO2 trading
program and NOx Budget Program, the EU Emissions Trading
Scheme (EU ETS), Southern California’s NO RECLAIM program,
and a host of other regional pollutant trading schemes in
the United States. Even the Kyoto Protocol, by most
accounts, is viewed as a first step in capping emissions
that must then lead to even lower levels in subsequent
periods. Yet the uncertainty surrounding climate change
suggests that such an approach to regulating greenhouse gas
emissions is problematic. On the one hand, we are unsure
about what atmospheric concentrations need to be in the long
run to prevent dangerous interference with the climate
system. And regardless of the stabilization target,
considerations of the global economic system and its
dependence on fossil fuels suggests that optimal global
emissions trajectories will continue to grow for some time
(Wigley et al., 1996; Manne and Richels,
1999).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511619472.030},
Key = {fds267325}
}
@book{fds194734,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Richard Morgenstern},
Title = {Reality Check: The Nature and Performance of Voluntary
Programs in the United States, Europe, and
Japan},
Publisher = {RFF Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds194734}
}
@book{fds194735,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Raymond Kopp},
Title = {Assessing U.S. Climate Policy Options: A report summarizing
work at RFF as part of the inter-industry U.S. Climate
Policy Forum},
Publisher = {RFF Press},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.rff.org/cpfreport},
Key = {fds194735}
}
@article{fds267383,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Kruger, J and Oates, W},
Title = {Decentralized in the EU ETS and Lessons for Global
Policy},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Econimics and Policy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {112-133},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds267383}
}
@article{fds317875,
Author = {Parry, IWH and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Combating Global Warming},
Journal = {Regulation},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {18-22},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {The favored federal policy to address climate change is a
domestic cap-and-trade system. However, a vocal minority of
political leaders have begun arguing in favor of a carbon
tax. Carbon taxes seem particularly attractive both for
fiscal reasons and because they provide certainty over the
price of emissions. But permit systems can be designed to
capture the potential advantages of carbon
taxes.},
Key = {fds317875}
}
@article{fds267345,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Economics versus Climate Change},
Pages = {201-216},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {978-0-262-07302-8},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284039600010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper argues against the common-sense conclusion that
climate change demands a global market-based solution, such
as international emissions trading. First, current
experience suggests global cooperation is not necessary for
initial mandatory actions. Second, when domestic targets
vary across nations, there are a variety of reasons why
international emissions trading, even though it creates
aggregate economic gains for all nations, may not be
desirable. These reasons include concerns over legitimizing
target variations for future negotiations, real and
perceived consequences of capital flows across nations, and
distributional impacts within nations. Finally, the
underlying need for global technology solutions suggests
domestic mitigation policies that balance clear emissions
price signals, incentives for technology development and
deployment, and mechanisms to finance deployment to
developing countries. International efforts, in turn, might
focus on encouraging these domestic actions, facilitating
the developing country investment mechanisms, and providing
credible reviews of national action.},
Key = {fds267345}
}
@article{fds267380,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {The evolution of a global climate change
agreement},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {96},
Number = {2},
Pages = {26-30},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282806777211793},
Doi = {10.1257/000282806777211793},
Key = {fds267380}
}
@misc{fds321874,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Setting energy policy in the modern era: Tough challenges
lie ahead},
Pages = {171-174},
Booktitle = {The RFF Reader in Environmental and Resource Policy: Second
Edition},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781936331642},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331642},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331642},
Key = {fds321874}
}
@article{fds267348,
Author = {Goulder, LH and Pizer, WA},
Title = {The Economics of Climate Change},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Global climate change poses a threat to the well-being of
humans and other living things through impacts on ecosystem
functioning, biodiversity, capital productivity, and human
health. Climate change economics attends to this issue by
offering theoretical insights and empirical findings
relevant to the design of policies to reduce, avoid, or
adapt to climate change. This economic analysis has yielded
new estimates of mitigation benefits, improved understanding
of costs in the presence of various market distortions or
imperfections, better tools for making policy choices under
uncertainty, and alternate mechanisms for allowing
flexibility in policy responses. These contributions have
influenced the formulation and implementation of a range of
climate change policies at the domestic and international
levels.},
Key = {fds267348}
}
@article{fds267381,
Author = {Pizer, W and Burtraw, D and Harrington, W and Newell, R and Sanchirico,
J},
Title = {Modeling economy-wide vs sectoral climate policies using
combined aggregate-sectoral models},
Journal = {Energy Journal},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {135-168},
Publisher = {International Association for Energy Economics
(IAEE)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0195-6574},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10266 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Economic analyses of climate change policies frequently
focus on reductions of energy-related carbon dioxide
emissions via market-based, economy-wide policies. The
current course of environment and energy policy debate in
the United States, however, suggests an alternative outcome:
sector-based and/or inefficiently designed policies. This
paper uses a collection of specialized, sector-based models
in conjunction with a computable general equilibrium model
of the economy to examine and compare these policies at an
aggregate level. We examine the relative cost of different
policies designed to achieve the same quantity of emission
reductions. We find that excluding a limited number of
sectors from an economy-wide policy does not significantly
raise costs. Focusing policy solely on the electricity and
transportation sectors doubles costs, however, and using
non-market policies can raise cost by a factor of ten. These
results are driven in part by, and are sensitive to, our
modeling of pre-existing tax distortions. Copyright © 2006
by the IAEE. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol27-No3-8},
Key = {fds267381}
}
@article{fds304220,
Author = {Shih, JS and Harrington, W and Pizer, WA and Gillingham,
K},
Title = {Economies of scale in community water systems},
Journal = {Journal / American Water Works Association},
Volume = {98},
Number = {9},
Pages = {100-108},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-150X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2006.tb07757.x},
Abstract = {Data sets from the US Environmental Protection Agency's 1995
and 2000 Community Water Systems surveys were used to
examine the production costs of water supply systems. The
authors estimate water supply economies of scale by
estimating the elasticities of both the total unit cost and
the individual component costs. For total unit cost, they
found that a 1 % production increase reduced unit costs by a
statistically significant 0.16%. For individual component
costs, higher economies of scale in capital, materials,
outside services, and other costs and lower, but still
positive, economies of scale in labor and energy costs were
found. These economies of scale may reflect production
economies or suggest that larger systems are better than
smaller systems at bargaining and receiving services and
materials at a lower unit cost. Importantly, bargaining
gains and some production economies do not necessarily
depend on water systems becoming physically interconnected.
- RSH.},
Doi = {10.1002/j.1551-8833.2006.tb07757.x},
Key = {fds304220}
}
@misc{fds195276,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Climate Change Policy in the United States},
Journal = {Bridges},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds195276}
}
@misc{fds195246,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {A U.S. perspective on future climate regimes. 2005
Sustainability Review},
Publisher = {PARIS: Agence Francaise de. Developpement (AFD) & Institut
du developpement durable et des relations internationals
(IDDRI)},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds195246}
}
@misc{fds195247,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Practical Climate Policy. Joseph Aldy and Robert Stavins,
eds., Architectures for Agreement},
Journal = {Cambridge University Press.},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds195247}
}
@article{fds267315,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Setting energy policy in the modern era: Tough challenges
lie ahead},
Journal = {The RFF Reader in Environmental and Resource Policy: Second
Edition},
Volume = {156},
Pages = {171-174},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781936331642},
Doi = {10.4324/9781936331642},
Key = {fds267315}
}
@article{fds267358,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Kopp, R},
Title = {Chapter 25 Calculating the Costs of Environmental
Regulation},
Journal = {Handbook of Environmental Economics},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {1307-1351},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1574-0099},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0099(05)03025-1},
Abstract = {Decisions concerning environmental protection hinge on
estimates of economic burden. Over the past 30 years,
economists have developed and applied various tools to
measure this burden. In this chapter, we present a taxonomy
of costs along with methods for measuring those costs. At
the broadest level, we distinguish between partial and
general equilibrium costs. Partial equilibrium costs
represent the burden directly borne by the regulated entity
(firms, households, government), including both pecuniary
and nonpecuniary expenses, when prices are held constant.
General equilibrium costs reflect the net burden once all
good and factor markets have equilibrated. In addition to
partial equilibrium costs, these general equilibrium costs
include welfare losses or gains in markets with preexisting
distortions, welfare losses or gains from rebalancing the
government's budget constraint, and welfare gains from the
added flexibility of meeting pollution constraints through
reductions in the use of higher-priced, pollution-intensive
products. In addition to both partial and general
equilibrium costs, we also consider the distribution of
costs across households, countries, sectors, subnational
regions, and generations. Despite improvements in our
understanding of cost measurement, we find considerable
opportunity for further work and, especially, better
application of existing methods. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0099(05)03025-1},
Key = {fds267358}
}
@article{fds336245,
Author = {Pizer, W and Newell, R},
Title = {Carbon Mitigation Costs for the Commercial Sector:
Discrete-Continuous Choice Analysis of Multifuel Energy
Demand},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S.
commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the
responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to
energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates
fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is
characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate
estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the
1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows
for exceptionally detailed estimation of price
responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We
then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel
type, through a series of simulations; own-price
elasticities range from ?0.9 for district heat services to
?2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of a
marginal cost curve for carbon mitigation, which suggests
that a price of $20 per ton of carbon would result in an 8%
reduction in commercial carbon emissions, and a price of
$100 per ton would result in a 28% reduction.},
Key = {fds336245}
}
@article{fds304222,
Author = {Newell, R and Pizer, W and Zhang, J},
Title = {Managing permit markets to stabilize prices},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-157},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-005-1761-y},
Abstract = {The political economy of environmental policy favors the use
of quantity-based instruments over price-based instruments
(e.g., tradable permits over green taxes), at least in the
United States. With cost uncertainty, however, there are
clear efficiency advantages to prices in cases where the
marginal damages of emissions are relatively flat, such as
with greenhouse gases. The question arises, therefore, of
whether one can design flexible quantity policies that mimic
the behavior of price policies, namely stable permit prices
and abatement costs. We explore a number of "quantity- plus"
policies that replicate the behavior of a price policy
through rules that adjust the effective permit cap for
unexpectedly low or high costs. They do so without
necessitating any monetary exchanges between the government
and the regulated firms, which can be a significant
political barrier to the use of price instruments. ©
Springer 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-005-1761-y},
Key = {fds304222}
}
@article{fds267379,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {The case for intensity targets},
Journal = {Climate Policy},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {455-462},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1469-3062},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2005.9685570},
Abstract = {While most of the world has pursued absolute emission limits
for greenhouse gases, the Bush administration has proposed
an alternative policy formulation based, among other things,
on reducing emissions intensity—that is, emissions per
dollar of real gross domestic product (GDP). Critics of this
formulation have denounced the general idea of an
intensity-based emission target, along with its voluntary
nature and modest targets. This raises the question of
whether intensity-based emission limits, distinct from the
other features of the Bush initiative, offer a useful
alternative to absolute emission limits. This essay makes
the case that they do, based on how emission targets are
framed. The argument draws on four key observations:
greenhouse gas emissions will continue to rise over the near
term; absolute targets emphasize zero or declining emissions
growth while intensity targets do not; developing countries'
economic development is integrally tied to emissions growth
for the foreseeable future; and intensity targets need not
be any more complicated to administer than absolute targets.
© 2005 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/14693062.2005.9685570},
Key = {fds267379}
}
@misc{fds195277,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Madeleine Baker},
Title = {Understanding Proposed CAFE Reforms for Light
Trucks.},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.rff.org/rff/News/Features/Understanding-Proposed-CAFE-Reforms-for-Light-Trucks.cfm.},
Key = {fds195277}
}
@misc{fds195278,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {What Kyoto Means for Oil and Gas.},
Journal = {Horizon 2},
Pages = {52},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds195278}
}
@misc{fds195279,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {What is the United States Doing about Climate Change?
Everyone Else is Coping with Kyoto},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {157},
Pages = {20},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds195279}
}
@misc{fds195281,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Joe Kruger},
Title = {Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Prelude to a National
Program.},
Journal = {Resources},
Volume = {156},
Pages = {4},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds195281}
}
@misc{fds195282,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Mercury Rising: Understanding Global Warming
Economics.},
Journal = {Imagine},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {21},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds195282}
}
@misc{fds195248,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Larry Goulder},
Title = {Economics of Climate Change. Larry Blume and Steven Durlauf,
eds., The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Journal = {2nd Edition. Palgrave MacMillan},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds195248}
}
@article{fds267357,
Author = {Kruger, JA and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Greenhouse gas trading in Europe: The new grand policy
experiment},
Journal = {Environment},
Volume = {46},
Number = {8},
Pages = {8-23},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0013-9157},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139150409604401},
Abstract = {The European Union is head and shoulders ahead of the rest
of the world as it embarks on its new emissions trading
system early next year, but there are still a number of
large uncertainties to work out.},
Doi = {10.1080/00139150409604401},
Key = {fds267357}
}
@article{fds267361,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Uncertain discount rates in climate policy
analysis},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {519-529},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00153-8},
Abstract = {Consequences in the distant future-such as those from
climate change-have little value today when discounted using
conventional rates. This result contradicts our "gut
feeling" about such problems and often leads to ad hoc
application of lower rates for valuations over longer
horizons-a step facilitated by confusion and disagreement
over the correct rate even over short horizons. We review
the theory and intuition behind the choice of discount rates
now and, importantly, the impact of likely variation in
rates in the future. Correlated changes in future rates
imply that the distant future should be discounted at much
lower rates than suggested by the current rate, thereby
raising the value of future consequences-regardless of
opinions concerning the current rate. Using historic data to
quantity the likely changes and correlation in changes in
future rates, we find that future valuations rise by a
factor of many thousands at horizons of 300 years or more,
almost doubling the expected present value of climate
mitigation benefits relative to constant 4% discounting.
Ironically, uncertainty about future rates reduces the ratio
of valuations based on alternate choices of the current
rate. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00153-8},
Key = {fds267361}
}
@misc{fds195283,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Joe Kruger},
Title = {The EU Emissions Trading Directive: The New Grand Policy
Experiment.},
Journal = {Environment},
Volume = {46},
Number = {8},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds195283}
}
@misc{fds195249,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Raymond Kopp and Richard Morgenstern and Richard Newell},
Title = {Domestic Climate and Technology Policy. In New Approaches on
Energy and the Environment: Policy Advice for the
President.},
Journal = {Washington: RFF Press.},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds195249}
}
@misc{fds195250,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {A Tale of Two Policies: Clear Skies and Climate Change. In
Randall Lutter and Jason Shogren eds, Painting the White
House Green.},
Publisher = {Washington: RFF Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds195250}
}
@article{fds267378,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Newell, R and Zhang, J},
Title = {Managing Permit Markets to Stabilize Prices.},
Journal = {Environment and Resource Economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-157},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-005-1761-y},
Abstract = {The political economy of environmental policy favors the use
of quantity-based instruments over price-based instruments
(e.g., tradable permits over green taxes), at least in the
United States. With cost uncertainty, however, there are
clear efficiency advantages to prices in cases where the
marginal damages of emissions are relatively flat, such as
with greenhouse gases. The question arises, therefore, of
whether one can design flexible quantity policies that mimic
the behavior of price policies, namely stable permit prices
and abatement costs. We explore a number of "quantity- plus"
policies that replicate the behavior of a price policy
through rules that adjust the effective permit cap for
unexpectedly low or high costs. They do so without
necessitating any monetary exchanges between the government
and the regulated firms, which can be a significant
political barrier to the use of price instruments. ©
Springer 2005.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-005-1761-y},
Key = {fds267378}
}
@misc{fds267314,
Author = {Wiener, J},
Title = {Making Markets for Global Forests Conservation},
Pages = {119-140},
Booktitle = {Painting the White House Green: Environmental Economics in
the White House},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds267314}
}
@article{fds267372,
Author = {Parry, IWH and Pizer, WA and Fischer, C},
Title = {How Large are the Welfare Gains from Technological
Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies?},
Journal = {Journal of Regulatory Economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {237-255},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023321309988},
Abstract = {This paper examines whether the welfare gains from
technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs
are larger or smaller than the "Pigouvian" welfare gains
from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains
from innovation depend on three key factors-the initially
optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation
reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We
calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety
of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the
Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must
reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the
initially optimal abatement level must be fairly
modest.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1023321309988},
Key = {fds267372}
}
@article{fds267373,
Author = {Fischer, C and Parry, IWH and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Instrument choice for environmental protection when
technological innovation is endogenous},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {523-545},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00002-0},
Abstract = {This paper compares, qualitatively and quantitatively, the
welfare effects of emissions taxes, auctioned emissions
permits, and free (grandfathered) permits, when
technological innovation is endogenous. We find that there
is no unambiguous case for preferring any of these policy
instruments. The relative welfare ranking of instruments
depends on the costs of innovation, the extent to which
innovations can be imitated, the slope and level of the
marginal environmental benefit function, and the number of
polluting firms. We illustrate the types of situations when
there can be significant welfare discrepancies between the
policies and when there are not. © 2003 Published by
Elsevier Science (USA).},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00002-0},
Key = {fds267373}
}
@article{fds267374,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Regulating stock externalities under uncertainty},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2 SUPPL.},
Pages = {416-432},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00016-5},
Abstract = {Using a simple analytical model incorporating benefits of a
stock, costs of adjusting the stock, and uncertainty in
costs, we uncover several important principles governing the
choice of price-based policies (e.g., taxes) relative to
quantity-based policies (e.g., tradable permits) for
controlling stock externalities. As in Weitzman (Rev.
Econom. Stud. 41(4) (1974) 477), the relative slopes of the
marginal benefits and costs of controlling the externality
continue to be critical determinants of the efficiency of
prices relative to quantities, with flatter marginal
benefits and steeper marginal costs favoring prices. But
some important adjustments for dynamic effects are
necessary, including correlation of cost shocks across time,
discounting, stock decay, and the rate of benefits growth.
Applied to the problem of greenhouse gases and climate
change, we find that a price-based instrument generates
several times the expected net benefits of a quantity
instrument. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00016-5},
Key = {fds267374}
}
@article{fds267375,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Discounting the distant future: How much do uncertain rates
increase valuations?},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9133 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We demonstrate that when the future path of the discount
rate is uncertain and highly correlated, the distant future
should be discounted at significantly lower rates than
suggested by the current rate. We then use two centuries of
US interest rate data to quantify this effect. Using both
random walk and mean-reverting models, we compute the
"certainty-equivalent rate" that summarizes the effect of
uncertainty and measures the appropriate forward rate of
discount in the future. Under the random walk model we find
that the certainty-equivalent rate falls continuously from
4% to 2% after 100 years, 1% after 200 years, and 0.5% after
300 years. At horizons of 400 years, the discounted value
increases by a factor of over 40,000 relative to
conventional discounting. Applied to climate change
mitigation, we find that incorporating discount rate
uncertainty almost doubles the expected present value of
mitigation benefits. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00031-1},
Key = {fds267375}
}
@article{fds267377,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Marcu, A},
Title = {Special Supplement on Defining and Trading Emission
Targets},
Journal = {Climate Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {S2},
Pages = {S3-S6},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clipol.2003.10.009},
Doi = {10.1016/j.clipol.2003.10.009},
Key = {fds267377}
}
@misc{fds195284,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Ray Kopp},
Title = {Summary and Analysis of McCain-Lieberman-"Climate
Stewardship Act of 2003, S. 139".},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.rff.org/McCain_Lieberman_Summary.pdf},
Key = {fds195284}
}
@article{fds267376,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Newell, R},
Title = {Uncertain Discount Rates and Climate Policy
Analysis.},
Journal = {Energy Policy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {()},
Pages = {519-529},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds267376}
}
@article{fds267340,
Author = {Newell, R and Pizer, W},
Title = {Discounting the Benefits of Climate Change Policies Using
Uncertain Rates},
Journal = {Resources},
Number = {146},
Pages = {15-20},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C. Resources for the Future,
Inc.},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-7376},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7075 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Evaluating environmental policies, such as the mitigation of
greenhouse gases, frequently requires balancing near-term
mitigation costs against long-term environmental benefits.
Conventional approaches to valuing such investments hold
interest rates constant, but the authors contend that there
is a real degree of uncertainty in future interest rates.
This leads to a higher valuation of future benefits relative
to conventional methods that ignore interest rate
uncertainty.},
Key = {fds267340}
}
@article{fds304219,
Author = {Morgenstern, RD and Pizer, WA and Shih, JS},
Title = {Jobs versus the environment: An industry-level
perspective},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {412-436},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2001.1191},
Abstract = {The possibility that workers could be adversely affected by
increasingly stringent environmental policies has led to
claims of a "jobs versus the environment" trade-off by both
business and labor leaders. The present research examines
this claim at the industry level for four heavily polluting
industries: pulp and paper mills, plastic manufacturers,
petroleum refiners, and iron and steel mills. Combining a
unique plant-level data set with industry-level demand
information, we find that increased environmental spending
generally does not cause a significant change in employment.
Our average across all four industries is a net gain of 1.5
jobs per $1 million in additional environmental spending,
with a standard error of 2.2 jobs - an economically and
statistically insignificant effect. There are statistically
significant and positive effects in two industries, but
total number of affected jobs remains quite small. These
small positive effects can be linked to labor-using factor
shifts and relatively inelastic estimated demand. © 2001
Elsevier Science (USA).},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.2001.1191},
Key = {fds304219}
}
@misc{fds195285,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Dallas Burtraw},
Title = {A Comparison of Two Senate Approaches to Controlling Power
Plant Pollution.},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://www.rff.org/multipollutant/},
Key = {fds195285}
}
@misc{fds195286,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Dallas Burtraw and David
Lankton.},
Title = {Legislative Comparison of Multipollutant Proposals S. 366,
S. 485, and S. 843.},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://www.rff.org/multipollutant/},
Key = {fds195286}
}
@misc{fds195251,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Raymond Kopp},
Title = {Calculating the Costs of Environmental Regulation.
Forthcoming in K.G.-Maler and Jeffrey Vincent eds, Handbook
of Environmental Economics.},
Journal = {Amsterdam: Elsevier.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds195251}
}
@misc{fds195255,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Raymond Kopp and Frederic Ghersi and Richard
Morgenstern},
Title = {Limiting Costs and Assuring Domestic Effort under the Kyoto
Protocol. Forthcoming in Ching-Cheng Chang, Robert
Mendelsohn, and Daigee Shaw, eds.,},
Booktitle = {Global Warming in Asian-Pacific, Northhampton: Edward Elgar.
With Raymond Kopp},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds195255}
}
@article{fds267370,
Author = {Pizer, WA and Morgenstern, R and Shih, J-S},
Title = {Jobs versus the Environment: Is There a Trade-Off?},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {412-436},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2001.1191},
Abstract = {The possibility that workers could be adversely affected by
increasingly stringent environmental policies has led to
claims of a "jobs versus the environment" trade-off by both
business and labor leaders. The present research examines
this claim at the industry level for four heavily polluting
industries: pulp and paper mills, plastic manufacturers,
petroleum refiners, and iron and steel mills. Combining a
unique plant-level data set with industry-level demand
information, we find that increased environmental spending
generally does not cause a significant change in employment.
Our average across all four industries is a net gain of 1.5
jobs per $1 million in additional environmental spending,
with a standard error of 2.2 jobs - an economically and
statistically insignificant effect. There are statistically
significant and positive effects in two industries, but
total number of affected jobs remains quite small. These
small positive effects can be linked to labor-using factor
shifts and relatively inelastic estimated demand. © 2001
Elsevier Science (USA).},
Doi = {10.1006/jeem.2001.1191},
Key = {fds267370}
}
@article{fds267371,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Combining price and quantity controls to mitigate global
climate change},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {3},
Pages = {409-434},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00118-9},
Abstract = {Uncertainty about compliance costs causes otherwise
equivalent price and quantity controls to behave differently
and leads to divergent welfare consequences. Although most
of the debate on global climate change policy has focused on
quantity controls due to their political appeal, this paper
argues that price controls are more efficient. Simulations
based on a stochastic computable general equilibrium model
indicate that the expected welfare gain from the optimal
price policy is five times higher than the expected gain
from the optimal quantity policy. An alternative hybrid
policy combines both the political appeal of quantity
controls with the efficiency of prices, using an initial
distribution of tradeable permits to set a quantitative
target, but allowing additional permits to be purchased at a
fixed "trigger" price. Even sub-optimal hybrid policies
offer dramatic efficiency improvements over otherwise
standard quantity controls. For example, a $50 trigger price
per ton of carbon converts the $3 trillion expected loss
associated with a simple 1990 emission target to a $150
billion gain. These results suggest that a hybrid policy is
an attractive alternative to either a pure price or quantity
system. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00118-9},
Key = {fds267371}
}
@misc{fds370987,
Author = {Newell, R and Pizer, William},
Title = {Discounting the Benefits of Climate Change Mitigation: How
Much Do Uncertain Rates Increase Valuations?},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds370987}
}
@article{fds267363,
Author = {Clark, JS and Carpenter, SR and Barber, M and Collins, S and Dobson, A and Foley, JA and Lodge, DM and Pascual, M and Pielke, R and Pizer, W and Pringle, C and Reid, WV and Rose, KA and Sala, O and Schlesinger, WH and Wall, DH and Wear, D},
Title = {Ecological forecasts: an emerging imperative.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {293},
Number = {5530},
Pages = {657-660},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474103},
Abstract = {Planning and decision-making can be improved by access to
reliable forecasts of ecosystem state, ecosystem services,
and natural capital. Availability of new data sets, together
with progress in computation and statistics, will increase
our ability to forecast ecosystem change. An agenda that
would lead toward a capacity to produce, evaluate, and
communicate forecasts of critical ecosystem services
requires a process that engages scientists and
decision-makers. Interdisciplinary linkages are necessary
because of the climate and societal controls on ecosystems,
the feedbacks involving social change, and the
decision-making relevance of forecasts.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.293.5530.657},
Key = {fds267363}
}
@article{fds317876,
Author = {Newell, RG and Pizer, WA},
Title = {Discounting the Distant Future: How Much Do Uncertain Rates
Increase Valuations?},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Costs and benefits in the distant future, such as those
associated with global warming, long-lived infrastructure,
hazardous and radioactive waste, and biodiversity often have
little value today when measured with conventional discount
rates. We demonstrate that when the future path of this
conventional rate is uncertain and persistent (i.e., highly
correlated over time), the distant future should be
discounted at lower rates than suggested by the current
rate. We then use two centuries of data on U.S. interest
rates to quantify this effect. Using both random walk and
mean-reverting models, we compute the certainty-equivalent
rate that is, the single discount rate that summarizes the
effect of uncertainty and measures the appropriate forward
rate of discount in the future. Using the random walk model,
which we consider more compelling, we find that the
certainty-equivalent rate falls from 4%, to 2% after 100
years, 1% after 200 years, and 0.5% after 300 years. If we
use these rates to value consequences at horizons of 400
years, the discounted value increases by a factor of over
40,000 relative to conventional discounting. Applying the
random walk model to the consequences of climate change, we
find that inclusion of discount rate uncertainty almost
doubles the expected present value of mitigation
benefits.},
Key = {fds317876}
}
@misc{fds195287,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Richard Newell},
Title = {Discounting the Benefits of Future Climate Change
Mitigation: How Much Do Uncertain Rates Increase
Valuations?},
Journal = {Report by the Pew Center on Global Climate
Change.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds195287}
}
@misc{fds195259,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Designing Climate Policy to Address Uncertainty. In
Designing Climate Policy:},
Booktitle = {The Challenge of the Kyoto Protocol, edited by H. Abele, T.
C. Heller and S. P. Schleicher, Vienna: Service
Fachverlag.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds195259}
}
@misc{fds195261,
Author = {William A. Pizer},
Title = {Choosing Price or Quantity Controls for Greenhouse Gases,
Climate Change Economics and Policy},
Booktitle = {Resources for the Future},
Address = {Washington, DC},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds195261}
}
@article{fds267369,
Author = {Morgenstern, RD and Pizer, WA and Shih, JS},
Title = {The cost of environmental protection},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {732-738},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465301753237812},
Abstract = {Reported expenditures for environmental protection are often
cited as an assessment of the burden of current regulatory
efforts. However, the potential for both incidental savings
and uncounted costs means that the actual burden could be
either higher or lower than these reported values. Using a
production cost model that considers the possible
interaction between environmental and non-environmental
expenditures, we directly estimate the dollar-for-dollar
incidental savings/uncounted costs arising from a one-dollar
increase in reported environmental expenditures. Although
recent literature supports the idea that reported
expenditures probably understate the actual burden, we find
no such evidence in the manufacturing sector based on a
large panel of plant-level data. In one industry, we find
statistically significant overstatement. In three others, we
find no significant deviation in either direction. We
conclude that, although cost estimates are not overstated on
average, variation and uncertainty exist at the industry
level, with some plants experiencing savings and others
possibly facing uncounted burdens.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465301753237812},
Key = {fds267369}
}
@article{fds311239,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {The optimal choice of climate change policy in the presence
of uncertainty},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {255-287},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0928-7655},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000081101200003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Considerable uncertainty surrounds both the consequences of
climate change and their valuation over horizons of decades
or centuries. Yet, there have been few attempts to factor
such uncertainty into current policy decisions concerning
stringency and instrument choice. This paper presents a
framework for determining optimal climate change policy
under uncertainty and compares the resulting prescriptions
to those derived from a more typical analysis with
best-guess parameter values. Uncertainty raises the optimal
level of emission reductions and leads to a preference for
taxes over rate controls. This suggests that analyses which
ignore uncertainty can lead to inefficient policy
recommendations. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0928-7655(99)00005-6},
Key = {fds311239}
}
@misc{fds195288,
Author = {William A. Pizer and Raymond Kopp and Richard Morgenstern and Michael Toman},
Title = {A Proposal for Credible Early Action in U.S. Climate
Policy.},
Journal = {Weathervane},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds195288}
}
@article{fds267368,
Author = {Pizer, WA},
Title = {Optimal Choice of Policy Instrument and Stringency under
Uncertainty: The Case of Climate Change},
Journal = {Resource and Energy Economics},
Volume = {21},
Number = {(3-4)},
Pages = {255-287},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds267368}
}
@article{fds343564,
Author = {Pizer, W and Sefton, M},
Title = {Solutions: Derivation of the OLS Estimator Without Using
Calculus},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {395-396},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466600006708},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466600006708},
Key = {fds343564}
}
%% Pollmann, Michael
@article{fds372620,
Author = {Athey, S and Bickel, PJ and Chen, A and Imbens, GW and Pollmann,
M},
Title = {Semi-parametric estimation of treatment effects in
randomised experiments},
Journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B:
Statistical Methodology},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1615-1638},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrsssb/qkad072},
Abstract = {We develop new semi-parametric methods for estimating
treatment effects. We focus on settings where the outcome
distributions may be thick tailed, where treatment effects
may be small, where sample sizes are large, and where
assignment is completely random. This setting is of
particular interest in recent online experimentation. We
propose using parametric models for the treatment effects,
leading to semiparametric models for the outcome
distributions. We derive the semi-parametric efficiency
bound for the treatment effects for this setting, and
propose efficient estimators. In the leading case with
constant quantile treatment effects, one of the proposed
efficient estimators has an interesting interpretation as a
weighted average of quantile treatment effects, with the
weights proportional to minus the second derivative of the
log of the density of the potential outcomes. Our analysis
also suggests an extension of Huber’s model and trimmed
mean to include asymmetry.},
Doi = {10.1093/jrsssb/qkad072},
Key = {fds372620}
}
@article{fds365032,
Author = {Bäuml, M and Dette, T and Pollmann, M},
Title = {Price and income effects of hospital reimbursements.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {81},
Pages = {102576},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2021.102576},
Abstract = {Health insurance systems in many countries reimburse
hospitals through fixed prices based on the
diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) of patients. We quantify the
effects of price and income changes for the full spectrum of
hospital services as average and heterogeneous elasticities
of quantities (number of admissions) and quality-related
outcomes. For our empirical analysis, we use data on over
160 million hospital admissions, constituting the universe
of hospital admissions in Germany between 2005 and 2016. Our
identification strategy is based on instruments exploiting a
two-year lag in regulatory price setting. The strategy lends
itself to a placebo test demonstrating that our instruments
do not have substantive anticipatory direct effects. We find
that the compensated own-price elasticity of quantity is
positive (0.2), while the income elasticity is negative
(-0.15). On net, increasing all prices increases costs due
to a behavioral response of larger quantities in addition to
the mechanical increase.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2021.102576},
Key = {fds365032}
}
@article{fds365033,
Author = {Athey, S and Imbens, GW and Pollmann, M},
Title = {Comment on: “The Blessings of Multiple Causes” by Yixin
Wang and David M. Blei},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {114},
Number = {528},
Pages = {1602-1604},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2019.1691008},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2019.1691008},
Key = {fds365033}
}
%% Pominova, Mariya
@article{fds375160,
Author = {Pominova, M and Gabe, T},
Title = {Population size and the job matching of college
graduates},
Journal = {Applied Economics Letters},
Volume = {30},
Number = {20},
Pages = {2994-2997},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2023},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2022.2117774},
Doi = {10.1080/13504851.2022.2117774},
Key = {fds375160}
}
@article{fds375161,
Author = {Pominova, M and Gabe, T and Crawley, A},
Title = {The Stability of Location Quotients},
Journal = {Review of Regional Studies},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {Southern Regional Science Association},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.52324/001c.66197},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Although location quotients are widely used to
analyze local industry specialization and identify industry
clusters in regions of all size, past studies have noted
issues related to the accuracy of location quotients in
small places. This paper examines the stability of location
quotients in response to a marginal (i.e., one-unit)
increase in the number of business establishments, with a
focus on small regions. The analysis considers location
quotients calculated for cities and towns in Maine, as well
as all U.S. counties, and uses a range of industry
classifications (e.g., 1-digit and 3-digit NAICS
categories). Results show that the stability of location
quotients increases with the population size of regions, but
they do not uncover a single, universal population size
cutoff for the reliable use of location quotients. Rather,
the analysis shows that population size, the level of
industry aggregation (e.g., 1-digit versus 3-digit NAICS)
and even how the data are collected matter in determining
the stability of location quotients.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.52324/001c.66197},
Key = {fds375161}
}
@article{fds375162,
Author = {Pominova, M and Gabe, T and Crawley, A},
Title = {The Pitfalls of Using Location Quotients to Identify
Clusters and Represent Industry Specialization in Small
Regions},
Journal = {International Finance Discussion Paper},
Volume = {2021},
Number = {1329},
Pages = {1-25},
Publisher = {Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2021.1329},
Abstract = {<ns3:p>This paper examines the use of location quotients, a
measure of regional business activity relative to the
national benchmark, as an indicator of sectoral
agglomeration in small cities and towns, and as a measure of
industry specialization that might impact the number of new
business startups in these places. Using establishment-level
data on businesses located in Maine, our findings suggest
that the addition of one "hypothetical" establishment in
very small towns leads to a dramatic change in the magnitude
of the region-industry location quotient. At population
sizes of about 4,100 or more people, however, location
quotients are reasonably stable. Regression results from an
analysis of the relationship between new business activity
and regional industry specialization show that the effect of
location quotients on business startups switches from
"inelastic" to "elastic" at a population size cutoff of
about 2,600 residents. Overall, our findings suggest that
researchers and practitioners should exercise caution when
using location quotients to study small regions.</ns3:p>},
Doi = {10.17016/ifdp.2021.1329},
Key = {fds375162}
}
%% Quaedvlieg, Rogier
@article{fds338103,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and forecasting (un)reliable realized covariances
for more reliable financial decisions},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Abstract = {© 2018 Elsevier B.V. We propose a new framework for
modeling and forecasting common financial risks based on
(un)reliable realized covariance measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. Our new approach explicitly
incorporates the effect of measurement errors and
time-varying attenuation biases into the covariance
forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante predictions to respond
more (less) aggressively to changes in the ex-post realized
covariance measures when they are more (less) reliable.
Applying the new procedures in the construction of minimum
variance and minimum tracking error portfolios results in
reduced turnover and statistically superior positions
compared to existing procedures. Translating these
statistical improvements into economic gains, we find that
under empirically realistic assumptions a risk-averse
investor would be willing to pay up to 170 basis points per
year to shift to using the new class of forecasting
models.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.05.004},
Key = {fds338103}
}
@article{fds338102,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Multivariate Leverage Effects and Realized Semicovariance
GARCH Models},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds338102}
}
@article{fds339890,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Modeling and forecasting (un)reliable realized covariances
for more reliable financial decisions},
Volume = {207},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-91},
Year = {2018},
Abstract = {We propose a new framework for modeling and forecasting
common financial risks based on (un)reliable realized
covariance measures constructed from high-frequency intraday
data. Our new approach explicitly incorporates the effect of
measurement errors and time-varying attenuation biases into
the covariance forecasts, by allowing the ex-ante
predictions to respond more (less) aggressively to changes
in the ex-post realized covariance measures when they are
more (less) reliable. Applying the new procedures in the
construction of minimum variance and minimum tracking error
portfolios results in reduced turnover and statistically
superior positions compared to existing procedures.
Translating these statistical improvements into economic
gains, we find that under empirically realistic assumptions
a risk-averse investor would be willing to pay up to 170
basis points per year to shift to using the new class of
forecasting models.},
Key = {fds339890}
}
@article{fds338104,
Author = {Hurlin, C and Laurent, S and Quaedvlieg, R and Smeekes,
S},
Title = {Risk Measure Inference},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {499-512},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2015.1127815},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2015.1127815},
Key = {fds338104}
}
@article{fds338105,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Realized Semicovariances: Looking for Signs of Direction
Inside the Covariance Matrix},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {252},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds338105}
}
@article{fds338106,
Author = {Boudt, K and Laurent, S and Lunde, A and Quaedvlieg, R and Sauri,
O},
Title = {Positive semidefinite integrated covariance estimation,
factorizations and asynchronicity},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {196},
Number = {2},
Pages = {347-367},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.09.016},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.09.016},
Key = {fds338106}
}
@article{fds338107,
Author = {Boudt, K and Laurent, S and Lunde, A and Quaedvlieg, R and Sauri,
O},
Title = {Positive semidefinite integrated covariance estimation,
factorizations and asynchronicity},
Volume = {196},
Number = {2},
Pages = {347-367},
Year = {2017},
Abstract = {An estimator of the ex-post covariation of log-prices under
asynchronicity and microstructure noise is proposed. It uses
the Cholesky factorization of the covariance matrix in order
to exploit the heterogeneity in trading intensities to
estimate the different parameters sequentially with as many
observations as possible. The estimator is positive
semidefinite by construction. We derive asymptotic results
and confirm their good finite sample properties by means of
a Monte Carlo simulation. In the application we forecast
portfolio Value-at-Risk and sector risk exposures for a
portfolio of 52 stocks. We find that the dynamic models
utilizing the proposed high-frequency estimator provide
statistically and economically superior forecasts.},
Key = {fds338107}
}
@article{fds338108,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Exploiting the errors: A simple approach for improved
volatility forecasting},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {192},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.10.007},
Key = {fds338108}
}
@article{fds338109,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Patton, AJ and Quaedvlieg, R},
Title = {Exploiting the errors: A simple approach for improved
volatility forecasting},
Volume = {192},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-18},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {We propose a new family of easy-to-implement realized
volatility based forecasting models. The models exploit the
asymptotic theory for high-frequency realized volatility
estimation to improve the accuracy of the forecasts. By
allowing the parameters of the models to vary explicitly
with the (estimated) degree of measurement error, the models
exhibit stronger persistence, and in turn generate more
responsive forecasts, when the measurement error is
relatively low. Implementing the new class of models for the
S&P 500 equity index and the individual constituents of
the Dow Jones Industrial Average, we document significant
improvements in the accuracy of the resulting forecasts
compared to the forecasts from some of the most popular
existing models that implicitly ignore the temporal
variation in the magnitude of the realized volatility
measurement errors.},
Key = {fds338109}
}
%% Rampini, Adriano A.
@article{fds371879,
Author = {Lanteri, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Constrained-Efficient Capital Reallocation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {113},
Number = {2},
Pages = {354-395},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20210902},
Abstract = {We characterize efficiency in an equilibrium model of
investment and capital reallocation with heterogeneous firms
facing collateral constraints. The model features two types
of pecuniary externalities: collateral externalities,
because the resale price of capital affects collateral
constraints, and distributive externalities, because buyers
of old capital are more financially constrained than
sellers, consistent with empirical evidence. We prove that
the stationary equilibrium price of old capital is
inefficiently high because the distributive externality
exceeds the collateral externality, by a factor of two when
we calibrate the model. New investment reduces the future
price of old capital, providing a rationale for
new-investment subsidies.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20210902},
Key = {fds371879}
}
@article{fds303012,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S and Vuillemey, G},
Title = {Risk Management in Financial Institutions},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {591-637},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12868},
Abstract = {We study risk management in financial institutions using
data on hedging of interest rate and foreign exchange risk.
We find strong evidence that institutions with higher net
worth hedge more, controlling for risk exposures, across
institutions and within institutions over time. For
identification, we exploit net worth shocks resulting from
loan losses due to declines in house prices. Institutions
that sustain such shocks reduce hedging significantly
relative to otherwise-similar institutions. The reduction in
hedging is differentially larger among institutions with
high real estate exposure. The evidence is consistent with
the theory that financial constraints impede both financing
and hedging.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12868},
Key = {fds303012}
}
@article{fds303018,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Financing Insurance},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {Households’ insurance against shocks to income, health and
other non-discretionary expenditures, and asset values (that
is, household risk management) is limited, especially for
poor households. We argue that a trade-off between
intertemporal financing needs and insurance across states
explains this basic insurance pattern. In a model with
limited enforcement, we show that household risk management
is increasing in household net worth and income, incomplete,
and precautionary. These results hold in economies with
income risk, durable goods and collateral constraints, and
durable goods price risk, under quite general conditions
and, remarkably, risk aversion is sufficient and prudence is
not required.},
Key = {fds303018}
}
@article{fds303011,
Author = {Rampini, AA},
Title = {Financing durable assets},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {109},
Number = {2},
Pages = {664-701},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170995},
Abstract = {This paper studies how the durability of assets affects
financing. We show that more durable assets require larger
down payments making them harder to finance, because
durability affects the price of assets and hence the overall
financing need more than their collateral value. Durability
affects technology adoption, the choice between new and used
capital, and the rent versus buy decision. Constrained firms
invest in less durable assets and buy used assets. More
durable assets are more likely to be rented. Economies with
weak legal enforcement invest more in less durable,
otherwise dominated assets and are net importers of used
assets.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20170995},
Key = {fds303011}
}
@article{fds303020,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Financial Intermediary Capital},
Pages = {413-455},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy020},
Abstract = {We propose a dynamic theory of financial intermediaries that
are better able to collateralize claims than households,
that is, have a collateralization advantage. Intermediaries
require capital as they have to finance the additional
amount that they can lend out of their own net worth. The
net worth of financial intermediaries and the corporate
sector are both state variables affecting the spread between
intermediated and direct finance and the dynamics of real
economic activity, such as investment, and financing. The
accumulation of net worth of intermediaries is slow relative
to that of the corporate sector. The model is consistent
with key stylized facts about macroeconomic downturns
associated with a credit crunch, namely, their severity,
their protractedness, and the fact that the severity of the
credit crunch itself affects the severity and persistence of
downturns. The model captures the tentative and halting
nature of recoveries from crises.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy020},
Key = {fds303020}
}
@article{fds267391,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Sufi, A and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Dynamic risk management},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {111},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-296},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Abstract = {Both financing and risk management involve promises to pay
that need to be collateralized, resulting in a financing
versus risk management trade-off. We study this trade-off in
a dynamic model of commodity price risk management and show
that risk management is limited and that more financially
constrained firms hedge less or not at all. We show that
these predictions are consistent with the evidence using
panel data for fuel price risk management by airlines. More
constrained airlines hedge less both in the cross section
and within airlines over time. Risk management drops
substantially as airlines approach distress and recovers
only slowly after airlines enter distress. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Key = {fds267391}
}
@article{fds267394,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Collateral and capital structure},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {2},
Pages = {466-492},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.03.002},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic model of investment, capital structure,
leasing, and risk management based on firms' need to
collateralize promises to pay with tangible assets. Both
financing and risk management involve promises to pay
subject to collateral constraints. Leasing is strongly
collateralized costly financing and permits greater
leverage. More constrained firms hedge less and lease more,
both cross-sectionally and dynamically. Mature firms
suffering adverse cash flow shocks may cut risk management
and sell and lease back assets. Persistence of productivity
reduces the benefits to hedging low cash flows and can lead
firms not to hedge at all. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.03.002},
Key = {fds267394}
}
@article{fds267392,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Sufi, A and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Dynamic risk management},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {111},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-296},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Key = {fds267392}
}
@article{fds303017,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Financial Intermediary Capital},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {We propose a dynamic theory of financial intermediaries as
collateralization specialists that are better able to
collateralize claims than households. Intermediaries require
capital as they can borrow against their loans only to the
extent that households themselves can collateralize the
assets backing the loans. The net worth of financial
intermediaries and the corporate sector are both state
variables affecting the spread between intermediated and
direct finance and the dynamics of real economic activity,
such as investment, and financing. The accumulation of net
worth of intermediaries is slow relative to that of the
corporate sector. A credit crunch has persistent real
effects and can result in a delayed or stalled recovery. We
provide sufficient conditions for the comovement of the
marginal value of firm and intermediary capital.},
Key = {fds303017}
}
@article{fds267405,
Author = {Rampini, AA},
Title = {Discussion of "From search to match: When loan contracts are
too long"},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {43},
Number = {SUPPL. 2},
Pages = {413-417},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-2879},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4616.2011.00443.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1538-4616.2011.00443.x},
Key = {fds267405}
}
@article{fds267404,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Collateral, risk management, and the distribution of debt
capacity},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {65},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2293-2322},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01616.x},
Abstract = {Collateral constraints imply that financing and risk
management are fundamentally linked. The opportunity cost of
engaging in risk management and conserving debt capacity to
hedge future financing needs is forgone current investment,
and is higher for more productive and less well-capitalized
firms. More constrained firms engage in less risk management
and may exhaust their debt capacity and abstain from risk
management, consistent with empirical evidence and in
contrast to received theory. When cash flows are low, such
firms may be unable to seize investment opportunities and be
forced to downsize. Consequently, capital may be less
productively deployed in downturns. © 2010 the American
Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01616.x},
Key = {fds267404}
}
@article{fds267403,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Leasing, ability to repossess, and debt capacity},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1621-1657},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhn026},
Abstract = {This paper studies the financing role of leasing and secured
lending.We argue that the benefit of leasing is that
repossession of a leased asset is easier than foreclosure on
the collateral of a secured loan, which implies that leasing
has higher debt capacity than secured lending. However,
leasing involves agency costs due to the separation of
ownership and control. More financially constrained firms
value the additional debt capacity more and hence lease more
of their capital than less constrained firms.We provide
empirical evidence consistent with this prediction. Our
theory is consistentwith the explanation of leasing by
practitioners, namely that leasing preserves capital, which
the academic literature considers a fallacy. (JEL D23, D92,
E22, G31, G32, G33).},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhn026},
Key = {fds267403}
}
@article{fds341239,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Leasing, Ability to Repossess, and Debt Capacity},
Journal = {The Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1621-1657},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds341239}
}
@article{fds267402,
Author = {Bisin, A and Gottardi, P and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Managerial hedging and portfolio monitoring},
Journal = {Journal of the European Economic Association},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {158-209},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1542-4766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/JEEA.2008.6.1.158},
Abstract = {Incentive compensation induces correlation between the
portfolio of managers and the cash flow of the firms they
manage. This correlation exposes managers to risk and hence
gives them an incentive to hedge against the poor
performance of their firms. We study the agency problem
between shareholders and a manager when the manager can
hedge his compensation using financial markets and
shareholders can monitor the manager's portfolio in order to
keep him from hedging, but monitoring is costly. We find
that the optimal incentive compensation and governance
provisions have the following properties: (i) the manager's
portfolio is monitored only when the firm performs poorly,
(ii) the manager's compensation is more sensitive to firm
performance when the cost of monitoring is higher or when
hedging markets are more developed, and (iii) conditional on
the firm's performance, the manager's compensation is lower
when his portfolio is monitored, even if no hedging is
revealed by monitoring. Moreover, the model suggests that
the optimal level of portfolio monitoring is higher for
managers of firms whose performance can be hedged more
easily, such as large firms and firms in more developed
financial markets. © 2008 by the European Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1162/JEEA.2008.6.1.158},
Key = {fds267402}
}
@article{fds267401,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Managerial incentives, capital reallocation, and the
business cycle},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {177-199},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.11.007},
Abstract = {We argue that when managers have private information about
the productivity of assets under their control and receive
private benefits, substantial bonuses are required to induce
less productive managers to declare that capital should be
reallocated. The need to provide incentives for managers to
relinquish control links executive compensation to capital
reallocation and managerial turnover over the business
cycle, rendering them procyclical if expected managerial
compensation increases when more managers are hired.
Moreover, capital is less productively deployed in downturns
because agency costs make reallocation more costly.
Empirically, we find that both CEO turnover and executive
compensation are remarkably procyclical. © 2007 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.11.007},
Key = {fds267401}
}
@article{fds303019,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Collateral, Financial Intermediation, and the Distribution
of Debt Capacity},
Year = {2008},
Abstract = {We study whether borrowers optimally conserve debt capacity
to take advantage of investment opportunities due to
temporarily low asset prices, when financing is subject to
collateral constraints due to limited enforcement. We find
that borrowers may exhaust their debt capacity and thus may
be unable to take advantage of such opportunities, even if
they can arrange for loan commitments or contingent
financing. The cost of conserving debt capacity is the
opportunity cost of foregone investment. This opportunity
cost is higher for borrowers with higher productivity and
borrowers who are less well capitalized, and such borrowers
are hence more likely to exhaust their debt capacity.
Borrowers who exhaust their debt capacity may be forced to
contract when cash flows are low, and hence capital may be
less productively deployed then. Higher collateralizability
may make the contraction more severe. We consider the role
of financial intermediaries which are better able to
collateralize claims, that is, are "securitization
specialists," and study the dynamics of intermediary
capital and spreads between intermediated and direct
finance. When intermediary capital is scarce and spreads are
high, borrowers who exhaust their debt capacity may be
forced to contract by even more.},
Key = {fds303019}
}
@article{fds267399,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {New or used? Investment with credit constraints},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {54},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2656-2681},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2007.06.030},
Abstract = {Used capital is cheap up front but requires higher
maintenance payments later on. We argue that the timing of
these investment cash outflows makes used capital attractive
to financially constrained firms, since it is cheap when
evaluated using their discount factor. In contrast, it may
be expensive from the vantage point of an unconstrained
agent. We provide an overlapping generations model and
determine the price of used capital in equilibrium. Agents
with less internal funds are more credit constrained, invest
in used capital, and start smaller firms. Empirically, we
find that the fraction of investment in used capital is
substantially higher for small firms and varies
significantly with measures of financial constraints. ©
2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2007.06.030},
Key = {fds267399}
}
@article{fds340311,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Eisfeldt, AL},
Title = {New or Used? Investment With Credit Constraints},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds340311}
}
@article{fds303016,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Eisfeldt, AL},
Title = {Financing Shortfalls and the Value of Aggregate
Liquidity},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This paper studies the level and dynamics of the value of
aggregate liquidity induced by firms' financing shortfalls.
We model liquidity and cash flows as internal funds
available for investment in an economy where external funds
are costly. We study whether the use of liquidity to hedge
investment opportunities can generate substantial liquidity
premia with empirically observed countercyclical properties,
and show how firms' financial positions affect the value of
aggregate liquidity. Cash flows affect the natural supply of
liquidity and are procyclical. Thus, we argue that
shortfalls between firms' financing needs and available
liquid funds are more likely to occur in bad times when
current cash flows are low, rendering liquidity premia
countercyclical. We investigate the relationship between
such shortfalls and the value of aggregate liquidity
empirically using Compustat data.},
Key = {fds303016}
}
@article{fds303013,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Managerial Incentives, Capital Reallocation, and the
Business Cycle},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {This paper argues that when managers have private
information about how productive assets are under their
control and receive private benefits, substantial bonuses
are required to induce less productive managers to declare
that capital should be reallocated. Moreover, the need to
provide incentives for managers to relinquish control links
aggregate capital reallocation to executive compensation and
turnover over the business cycle. Capital reallocation and
managerial turnover are procyclical if expected managerial
compensation increases with the number of managers hired.
The agency problem between owners and managers makes bad
times worse because capital is less productively deployed
when agency costs render reallocation too costly.
Empirically we find that both CEO turnover and executive
compensation are remarkably procyclical.},
Key = {fds303013}
}
@article{fds267398,
Author = {Bisin, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Markets as beneficial constraints on the
government},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {90},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {601-629},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.04.003},
Abstract = {We study the role of anonymous markets in which trades
cannot be monitored by the government. We adopt a Mirrlees
approach to analyze economies in which agents have private
information and a benevolent government controls optimal
redistributive tax policy. While unrestricted access to
anonymous markets reduces the set of policy instruments
available to the government, it also limits the scope of
inefficient redistributive policies when the government
lacks commitment. Indeed, the restrictions that anonymous
markets impose on the optimal fiscal policy, especially on
capital taxation and the history-dependence of income
taxation, can have positive welfare effects in this case. ©
2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.04.003},
Key = {fds267398}
}
@article{fds267400,
Author = {Eisfeldt, AL and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Capital reallocation and liquidity},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {369-399},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0304-3932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2005.04.006},
Abstract = {This paper shows that the amount of capital reallocation
between firms is procyclical. In contrast, the benefits to
capital reallocation appear countercyclical. We measure the
amount of reallocation using data on flows of capital across
firms and the benefits to capital reallocation using several
measures of the cross-sectional dispersion of the
productivity of capital. We then study a calibrated model
economy where capital reallocation is costly and impute the
cost of reallocation. We find that the cost of reallocation
needs to be substantially countercyclical to be consistent
with the observed joint cyclical properties of reallocation
and productivity dispersion. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2005.04.006},
Key = {fds267400}
}
@article{fds267397,
Author = {Bisin, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Exclusive contracts and the institution of
bankruptcy},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-304},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-005-0604-y},
Abstract = {The paper studies the institution of bankruptcy when
exclusive contracts cannot be enforced ex ante, e.g., a bank
cannot monitor whether the borrower enters into contracts
with other creditors. The institution of bankruptcy enables
the bank to enforce its claim to any funds that the borrower
has above a fixed "bankruptcy protection" level. Bankruptcy
improves on non-exclusive contractual relationships but is
not a perfect substitute for exclusivity ex ante. We
characterize the effect of bankruptcy provisions on the
equilibrium contracts which borrowers use to raise
financing. © Springer-Verlag 2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-005-0604-y},
Key = {fds267397}
}
@article{fds267396,
Author = {Rampini, AA},
Title = {Default and aggregate income},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {122},
Number = {2},
Pages = {225-253},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2004.04.004},
Abstract = {This paper studies how default varies with aggregate income.
We analyze a model in which optimal contracts enable risk
sharing of privately observed, idiosyncratic income by
allowing for default. Default provisions allow agents with
low idiosyncratic income realizations to repay less and thus
provide insurance. Default penalties ensure that only these
agents default. We show that default can occur under the
optimal contract and that default provisions vary with
aggregate income. We provide conditions such that both the
amount of default and default penalties vary
countercyclically with aggregate income and show that the
default rate can be discontinuous. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2004.04.004},
Key = {fds267396}
}
@article{fds319296,
Author = {Bisin, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Markets as Beneficial Constraints on the
Government},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We study the role of anonymous markets in which trades
cannot be monitored by the government. We adopt a Mirrlees
approach to analyze economies in which agents have private
information and a benevolent government controls optimal
redistributive tax policy. While unrestricted access to
anonymous markets reduces the set of policy instruments
available to the government, it also limits the scope of
inefficient redistributive policies when the government
lacks commitment. Indeed, the restrictions that anonymous
markets impose on the optimal fiscal policy, especially on
capital taxation and the history-dependence of income
taxation, can have positive welfare effects in this
case.},
Key = {fds319296}
}
@article{fds319297,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Eisfeldt, AL},
Title = {Capital Reallocation and Liquidity},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {This paper shows that the amount of capital reallocation
between firms is procyclical. In contrast, the benefits to
capital reallocation appear countercyclical. We measure the
amount of reallocation using data on flows of capital across
firms and the benefits to capital reallocation using several
measures of the cross sectional dispersion of the
productivity of capital. We then study a calibrated model
economy where capital reallocation is costly and impute the
cost of reallocation. We find that the cost of reallocation
needs to be substantially countercyclical to be consistent
with the observed joint cyclical properties of reallocation
and productivity dispersion.},
Key = {fds319297}
}
@article{fds343301,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Bisin, A and Gottardi, P},
Title = {Managerial Hedging and Portfolio Monitoring},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Abstract = {Incentive compensation induces correlation between the
portfolio of managers and the cash flow of the firms they
manage. This correlation exposes managers to risk and hence
gives them an incentive to hedge against the poor
performance of their firms. We study the agency problem
between shareholders and a manager when the manager can
hedge his incentive compensation using financial markets and
shareholders can only imperfectly monitor the manager's
portfolio in order to keep him from hedging the risk in his
compensation. We find that the optimal contract implies
incentive compensation and governance provisions with the
following properties: (i) the manager's portfolio is
monitored only when the firm performs poorly, (ii) the
manager's compensation is more sensitive to firm performance
when monitoring is more costly or when hedging markets are
more developed, and (iii) conditional on the firm's
performance, the manager's compensation is lower when his
portfolio is monitored, even if no hedging is revealed by
monitoring.},
Key = {fds343301}
}
@article{fds303014,
Author = {Bisin, A and Rampini, AA},
Title = {Exclusive Contracts and the Institution of
Bankruptcy},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {This paper studies the institution of bankruptcy when
exclusive contracts cannot be enforced ex ante, e.g., a bank
cannot monitor whether the borrower enters into contracts
with other creditors. The institution of bankruptcy enables
the bank to enforce its claim to any funds that the borrower
has above a fixed â¬Sbankruptcy protectionâ¬? level.
Bankruptcy improves on non-exclusive contractual
relationships but is not a perfect substitute for
exclusivity ex ante. We characterize the effect of
bankruptcy provisions on the equilibrium contracts which
borrowers use to raise financing.},
Key = {fds303014}
}
@article{fds303015,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Bisin, A},
Title = {Exclusive Contracts and the Institution of
Bankruptcy},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {This paper studies the institution of bankruptcy when
exclusive contracts cannot be enforced ex ante, e.g., a bank
cannot monitor whether the borrower enters into contracts
with other creditors. The institution of bankruptcy enables
the bank to enforce its claim to any funds that the borrower
has above a fixed "bankruptcy protection" level. Bankruptcy
mproves on non-exclusive contractual relationships but is
not a perfect substitute for exclusivity ex ante. We
characterize the effect of bankruptcy provisions on the
equilibrium contracts which borrowers use to raise
financing.},
Key = {fds303015}
}
@article{fds303021,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Eisfeldt, AL},
Title = {Letting Go: Managerial Incentives and the Reallocation of
Capital},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {This paper studies the provision of incentives to reallocate
capital when managers are reluctant to relinquish control
and have private information about the productivity of
assets under their control. We show that when managers get
private benefits from running projects substantial bonuses
are required to induce managers to declare that capital
under their control is less productive and should be
reallocated. When aggregate productivity and hence the
number of projects is low and fewer managers are required to
run projects such bonuses would leave managers with
unnecessary rents. This means that it is more costly to
induce reallocation and thus less capital is reallocated.
From the investor's perspective, capital is more illiquid in
bad times since too much of the gains from capital
reallocation would accrue to managers.},
Key = {fds303021}
}
@article{fds267395,
Author = {Rampini, AA},
Title = {Entrepreneurial Activity, Risk, and the Business
Cycle},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {3},
Pages = {555-573},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.06.003},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes a model in which the risk associated
with entrepreneurial activity implies that the amount of
such activity is procyclical and results in amplification
and intertemporal propagation of productivity shocks. In the
model risk averse agents choose between a riskless project
and a risky project with higher expected output ('the
entrepreneurial activity'). Agents who become entrepreneurs
need to bear part of the project-specific risk for incentive
reasons. More agents become entrepreneurs when productivity
is high, because agents are more willing to bear risk and
need to bear less risk for incentive reasons. Furthermore,
cross-sectional heterogeneity can be countercyclical. ©
2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.06.003},
Key = {fds267395}
}
%% Rangel, Marcos A.
@article{fds358727,
Author = {Holbein, JB and Rangel, MA and Moore, R and Croft,
M},
Title = {Is Voting Transformative? Expanding and Meta-Analyzing the
Evidence},
Journal = {Political Behavior},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1015-1044},
Year = {2023},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-021-09746-2},
Abstract = {Voting is the foundational act of democracy. While thousands
of studies have treated voting as a dependent variable,
comparatively little research has studied voting as an
independent variable. Here we flip the causal arrow and
explore the effect of exogenous voting shocks on citizens’
broader attitudes and behaviors. To do so, we first use two
waves from a uniquely large survey of young people in the
United States, pairing this with a regression discontinuity
design. We augment these results with a new meta-analysis of
all causally-identified studies exploring whether voting is
transformative. We find that—despite voting at much higher
rates—individuals induced to vote, regardless of the mode
used to mobilize, are (precisely) no different from
all-else-equal individuals that are not. Our results
illuminate the (non)consequences of a vitally
important—and widely studied—political behavior and
speak to the broader importance of voting as an object of
study.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11109-021-09746-2},
Key = {fds358727}
}
@article{fds367929,
Author = {Bacolod, M and Blum, BS and Rangel, MA and Strange,
WC},
Title = {Learners in cities: Agglomeration and the spatial division
of cognition},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {98},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2022.103838},
Abstract = {This paper uses new psychometric data to reconsider the
composition of cities, the role of sorting in urban
learning, and the generation of agglomeration economies more
generally. The analysis establishes that individuals in
large cities tend to have greater learning capacity. The
spatial distribution of learning capacity is most strongly
related to the age composition of cities, specifically to
the location choices of young workers with high learning
capacity. This indicates that observed patterns of dynamic
agglomeration economies are influenced by the sorting of
learners into cities. This, in turn, has implications for
placed-based and other policies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2022.103838},
Key = {fds367929}
}
@article{fds365678,
Author = {Lowell, W and Dickerson, S and Gassman-Pines, A and Gifford, E and Rangel, M},
Title = {Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Case Positivity and Social
Context: The Role of Housing, Neighborhood, and Health
Insurance},
Journal = {Housing Policy Debate},
Pages = {1-26},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2022.2104336},
Doi = {10.1080/10511482.2022.2104336},
Key = {fds365678}
}
@article{fds361789,
Author = {Rangel, MA and Tomé, R},
Title = {Health and the Megacity: Urban Congestion, Air Pollution,
and Birth Outcomes in Brazil.},
Journal = {International journal of environmental research and public
health},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1151},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031151},
Abstract = {We studied the health effects of economic development in
heavily urbanized areas, where congestion poses a challenge
to environmental conditions. We employed detailed data from
air pollution and birth records around the metropolitan area
of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2002 and 2009. During this
period, the megacity experienced sustained growth marked by
the increases in employment rates and ownership of durable
goods, including automobiles. While better economic
conditions are expected to improve infant health, air
pollution that accompanies it is expected to do the
opposite. To untangle these two effects, we focused on
episodes of thermal inversion-meteorological phenomena that
exogenously lock pollutants closer to the ground-to estimate
the causal effects of <i>in utero</i> exposure to air
pollution. Auxiliary results confirmed a positive
relationship between thermal inversions and several air
pollutants, and we ultimately found that exposure to
inversion episodes during the last three months of pregnancy
led to sizable reductions in birth weight and increases in
the incidence of preterm births. Increased pollution
exposure induced by inversions also has a significant impact
over fetal survival as measured by the size of live-birth
cohorts.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph19031151},
Key = {fds361789}
}
@article{fds359868,
Author = {Bitler, M and Genetian, LA and Gibson-Davis, C and Rangel,
MA},
Title = {Means-Tested Safety Net Programs and Hispanic Families:
Evidence from Medicaid, SNAP, and WIC.},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {696},
Number = {1},
Pages = {274-305},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027162211046591},
Abstract = {Hispanic families have historically used means-tested
assistance less than high-poverty peers, and one explanation
for this may be that anti-immigrant politics and policies
are a barrier to program participation. We document the
participation of Hispanic children in three antipoverty
programs by age and parental citizenship and the correlation
of participation with state immigrant-based restrictions.
Hispanic citizen children with citizen parents participate
in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and
Medicaid more than Hispanic citizen children with noncitizen
parents. Foreign-born Hispanic mothers use Medicaid less
than their socioeconomic status would suggest. However,
little evidence exists that child participation in Special
Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and
Children (WIC) varies by mother's nativity: foreign-born
mothers of Hispanic infants participate in WIC at higher
rates than U.S.-born Hispanic mothers. State policies that
restrict immigrant program use correlate to lower SNAP and
Medicaid uptake among citizen children of foreign-born
Hispanic mothers. WIC participation may be greater because
it is delivered through nonprofit clinics, and WIC
eligibility for immigrants is largely unrestricted.},
Doi = {10.1177/00027162211046591},
Key = {fds359868}
}
@article{fds361884,
Author = {Holbein, J and A. Rangel and M and Moore, R and Croft,
M},
Title = {Are Voting Treatments Transformative? Expanding Upon and
Meta-Analyzing the Evidence},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds361884}
}
@article{fds355318,
Author = {Tome, R and Rangel, MA and Gibson-Davis, CM and Bellows,
L},
Title = {Heightened immigration enforcement impacts US citizens'
birth outcomes: Evidence from early ICE interventions in
North Carolina.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e0245020},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245020},
Abstract = {We examine how increased Immigration and Customs Enforcement
(ICE) activities impacted newborn health and prenatal care
utilization in North Carolina around the time Section 287(g)
of the Immigration and Nationality Act was first being
implemented within the state. Focusing on administrative
data between 2004 and 2006, we conduct difference-in-differences
and triple-difference case-control regression analysis.
Pregnancies were classified by levels of potential exposure
to immigration enforcement depending on parental nativity
and educational attainment. Contrast groups were
foreign-born parents residing in nonadopting counties and
all US-born non-Hispanic parents. The introduction of the
program was estimated to decrease birth weight by 58.54
grams (95% confidence interval [CI], -83.52 to -33.54) with
effects likely following from reduced intrauterine growth.
These results are shown to coexist with a worsening in the
timing of initiation and frequency of prenatal care
received. Since birth outcomes influence health, education,
and earnings trajectories, our findings suggest that the
uptick in ICE activities can have large socioeconomic costs
over US-born citizens.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0245020},
Key = {fds355318}
}
@article{fds350848,
Author = {Holbein, JB and Rangel, MA},
Title = {Does voting have upstream and downstream consequences?
Regression discontinuity tests of the transformative voting
hypothesis},
Journal = {Journal of Politics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1196-1216},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/707859},
Abstract = {Voting is a central pillar of political science research;
indeed, scholars have long addressed questions like, “Who
votes?,” “Why do people vote?,” and “What
interventions increase voting?” However, only a few have
considered whether voting changes adjacent civic
dispositions and behaviors. In this paper, we explore the
effects of voting shocks on young citizens’ political
interest, memberships, social awareness, and political
knowledge in the lead up to the voting experience
(“up-stream”) and in the months and years after
(“downstream”). To do so, we use a unique combination of
large survey data from two countries paired with an exact
date-of-birth regression discontinuity design. We find that
eligibility to vote voluntarily and exposure to compulsory
voting—despite eliciting large turnout increases—have
precisely estimated null effects on young people’s
upstream or downstream civic engagement. While voting may be
an important experience, it appears to have smaller
transformative effects than previously thought.},
Doi = {10.1086/707859},
Key = {fds350848}
}
@article{fds352292,
Author = {Rangel, MA and Nobles, J and Hamoudi, A},
Title = {Brazil's Missing Infants: Zika Risk Changes Reproductive
Behavior.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1647-1680},
Year = {2020},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-020-00900-9},
Abstract = {Zika virus epidemics have potential large-scale population
effects. Controlled studies of mice and nonhuman primates
indicate that Zika affects fecundity, raising concerns about
miscarriage in human populations. In regions of Brazil, Zika
risk peaked months before residents learned about the
epidemic and its relation to congenital anomalies. This
spatiotemporal variation supports analysis of both
biological effects of Zika infection on fertility and the
effects of learning about Zika risk on reproductive
behavior. Causal inference techniques used with vital
statistics indicate that the epidemic caused reductions in
birth cohort size of approximately one-quarter 18 months
after Zika infection risk peaked but 10 months after public
health messages advocated childbearing delay. The evidence
is consistent with small but not statistically detectable
biological reductions in fecundity, as well as large
strategic changes in reproductive behavior to temporally
align childbearing with reduced risk to infant health. The
behavioral effects are larger for more-educated and older
women, which may reflect facilitated access to information
and to family planning services within high-risk,
mosquito-infested urban locations as well as perceptions
about the opportunity costs of risks to pregnancy and infant
survival.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-020-00900-9},
Key = {fds352292}
}
@article{fds361885,
Author = {A. Rangel and M and Thomas, D},
Title = {Decision-Making in Complex Households},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds361885}
}
@article{fds361886,
Author = {A. Rangel and M and Thomas, D},
Title = {Decision-Making in Complex Households},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds361886}
}
@article{fds347146,
Author = {Rangel, MA and Vogl, TS},
Title = {AGRICULTURAL FIRES AND HEALTH AT BIRTH},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {101},
Number = {4},
Pages = {616-630},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00806},
Abstract = {Fire has long served as a tool in agriculture, but the
practice’s link with economic activity has made its health
consequences difficult to study. Drawing on data from
satellite-based fire detection systems, air monitors, and
vital records in Brazil, we study how in utero exposure to
smoke from sugarcane harvest fires affects health at birth.
Exploiting daily changes in fire location and wind direction
for identification, we find that late-pregnancy smoke
exposure decreases birthweight, gestational length, and in
utero survival. Fires less associated with smoke exposure
predict improved health, highlighting the importance of
disentangling pollution from its economic
correlates.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00806},
Key = {fds347146}
}
@article{fds340818,
Author = {Rangel, MA and Shi, Y},
Title = {Early patterns of skill acquisition and immigrants'
specialization in STEM careers.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {2},
Pages = {484-489},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812041116},
Abstract = {We provide empirical evidence of immigrants' specialization
in skill acquisition well before entering the US labor
market. Nationally representative datasets enable studying
the academic trajectories of immigrant children, with a
focus on high-school course-taking patterns and college
major choice. Immigrant children accumulate skills in ways
that reinforce comparative advantages in nonlanguage
intensive skills such as mathematics and science, and this
contributes to their growing numbers in science, technology,
engineering, and math (STEM) careers. These results are
compatible with well-established models of skill formation
that emphasize dynamic complementarities of investments in
learning.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1812041116},
Key = {fds340818}
}
@article{fds325411,
Author = {Bacolod, M and Rangel, MA},
Title = {Economic Assimilation and Skill Acquisition: Evidence From
the Occupational Sorting of Childhood Immigrants.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {571-602},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0558-2},
Abstract = {We study the economic assimilation of childhood immigrants
to the United States. The linguistic distance between
English and the predominant language in one's country of
birth interacted with age at arrival is shown to be closely
connected to occupational sorting in adulthood. By applying
big-data techniques to occupations' detailed skill
requirements, we provide evidence that childhood immigrants
from English-distant countries who arrived after the primary
school years reveal comparative advantages in tasks distinct
from those for which (close to) Anglophone immigrants are
better suited. Meanwhile, those who arrive at younger ages
specialize in a bundle of skills very similar to that
supplied by observationally equivalent workers. These
patterns emerge even after we net out the effects of formal
education. Such findings are compatible with the existence
of different degrees of complementarity between relative
English-learning potential at arrival and the acquisition of
multiple capabilities demanded in the U.S. labor market
(math/logic, socioemotional, physical, and communication
skills). Consistent with the investment-complementarity
argument, we show that linguistic distance and age at
arrival also play a significant role on the choice of
college major within this population.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-017-0558-2},
Key = {fds325411}
}
@article{fds324194,
Author = {A. Rangel and M and Vogl, T},
Title = {Agricultural Fires and Infant Health},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds324194}
}
@article{fds324195,
Author = {Holbein, JB and Rangel, MA},
Title = {Does Voting Have Upstream and Downstream Consequences?
Evidence from Compulsory Voting in Brazil},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds324195}
}
@article{fds324196,
Author = {Rangel, M and Almeida, S},
Title = {PROBABILISTIC SOPHISTICATION, SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY, AND
COGNITIVE ABILITY: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds324196}
}
@article{fds267408,
Author = {Rangel, MA},
Title = {Is Parental Love Colorblind? Human Capital Accumulation
within Mixed Families},
Journal = {Review of Black Political Economy},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {57-86},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0034-6446},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12114-014-9190-1},
Abstract = {Studies have shown that differences in wage-determinant
skills between blacks and whites emerge during a child’s
infancy, highlighting the roles of parental characteristics
and investment decisions. Exploring the genetics of
skin-color and models of intrahousehold allocations, I
present evidence that, controlling for observed and
unobserved parental characteristics, light-skinned children
are more likely to receive investments in formal education
than their dark-skinned siblings. Conscious parental
decisions regarding human capital acquisition for their
children seem to contribute for the persistence of earnings
differentials and socio-economic stratification in
Brazil.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12114-014-9190-1},
Key = {fds267408}
}
@article{fds267410,
Author = {Kreisman, D and Rangel, MA},
Title = {On the blurring of the color line: Wages and employment for
black males of different skin tones},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-13},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00464},
Abstract = {We evaluate the role skin color plays in earnings and
employment for black males in the NLSY97. By applying a
novel, scaled measure of skin tone to a nationally
representative sample and by estimating the evolution of
labor market differentials over time, we bridge a burgeoning
literature on skin color with more established literatures
on wage differentials and labor market discrimination. We
find that while intraracial wage gaps widen with experience,
gaps between the lightest-skinned black workers and whites
remain constant, suggesting that a blurring of the color
line elicits subtle yet meaningful variation in earnings
differentials over time.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00464},
Key = {fds267410}
}
@article{fds300088,
Author = {Botelho, F and Madeira, RA and Rangel, MA},
Title = {Racial Discrimination in Grading: Evidence from
Brazil},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {37-52},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1945-7782},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140352},
Abstract = {We investigate whether racial discrimination in the form of
biased assessment of students is prevalent within Brazilian
schools. Evidence is drawn from unique administrative data
pertaining to eighth-grade students and educators. Holding
constant performance in blindly-scored tests of proficiency
and behavioral traits we find that blacks have lower
teacher-assigned math grades than their white classmates.
Heterogeneity in differentials provides evidence both of
robustness with respect to omission biases and of
compatibility with predictions from models of statistical
discrimination. (JEL I21, I24, J15, O15).},
Doi = {10.1257/app.20140352},
Key = {fds300088}
}
@misc{fds300089,
Author = {Madeira, RA and Rangel, MA},
Title = {Racial achievement gaps in another America: Discussing
schooling outcomes and affirmative action in
Brazil},
Volume = {9789400743571},
Pages = {127-160},
Booktitle = {Closing the Achievement Gap from an International
Perspective: Transforming STEM for Effective
Education},
Publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISBN = {9789400743564},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4357-1_7},
Abstract = {A negative association between African ancestry and measures
of socioeconomic success in regions colonized by Europeans
can be considered an empirical regularity across the social
sciences. In the USA, Brazil, and South Africa, for example,
the intense trade of African slaves by English and
Portuguese colonizers and the Dutch displacement of
indigenous populations made the color of one's skin an
indicator of European ancestry and made it play a key role
in social stratification. Most studies document the presence
of this historically rooted stratification and uncover
racial differences in a variety of contexts, even in the
presence of sharp differences in patterns of economic
development, enforcement of civil rights, and institutional
arrangements regarding racial segregation. In this chapter,
we explore the recent evidence of racial disparities in
socioeconomic outcomes in Brazil. We then trace these
differences to income-generating capabilities materialized
in an uneven accumulation of human capital (formal education
in particular) by Black and White adult Brazilians. We also
explore unique and novel data on school transitions and
proficiency for the case of the Brazilian southeastern state
of Sao Paulo in order to establish general stylized facts in
education trends among younger cohorts. The discussion that
follows is centered on the assessment of color-blind and
color-sighted policies that suggest a closing (but not the
elimination) of racial gaps in both the quantity and the
quality of education.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-4357-1_7},
Key = {fds300089}
}
@article{fds267406,
Author = {Angelucci, M and De Giorgi and G and Rangel, MA and Rasul,
I},
Title = {Family Networks and School Enrolment: Evidence from a
Randomized Social Experiment},
Volume = {94},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {197-221},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.12.002},
Abstract = {We present evidence on whether and how a household's
behavior is influenced by the presence and characteristics
of its extended family. Using data from the PROGRESA program
in Mexico, we exploit information on the paternal and
maternal surnames of heads and spouses in conjunction with
the Spanish naming convention to identify the inter- and
intra-generational family links of each household to others
in the same village. We then exploit the randomized research
design of the PROGRESA evaluation data to identify whether
the treatment effects of PROGRESA transfers on secondary
school enrolment vary according to the characteristics of
extended family. We find PROGRESA only raises secondary
enrolment among households that are embedded in a family
network. Eligible but isolated households do not respond.
The mechanism through which the extended family influences
household schooling choices is the redistribution of
resources within the family network from eligibles that
receive de facto unconditional cash transfers from PROGRESA,
towards eligibles on the margin of enrolling children into
secondary school. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.12.002},
Key = {fds267406}
}
@article{fds300091,
Author = {Angelucci, M and Rasul, I and Giorgi, GD and Rangel,
MA},
Title = {Consumption Smoothing and Marriage},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {There is a large role for moves by women at the time of
marriage in explaining migration in developing countries, in
particular in rural areas. We explore the relations between
this mobility and risk diversification and consumption
smoothing strategies among poor Mexican families.},
Key = {fds300091}
}
@article{fds267407,
Author = {Angelucci, M and De Giorgi and G and Rangel, MA and Rasul,
I},
Title = {Village Economies and the Structure of Extended Family
Networks},
Journal = {IZA Discussion Paper},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4499},
Pages = {1-46},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {This paper documents how the structure of extended family
networks in rural Mexico relates to the poverty and
inequality of the village of residence. Using the Hispanic
naming convention, we construct within-village extended
family networks in 504 poor rural villages. Family networks
are larger (both in the number of members and as a share of
the village population) and out-migration is lower the
poorer and the less unequal the village of residence. Our
results are consistent with the extended family being a
source of informal insurance to its members.},
Key = {fds267407}
}
@article{fds300090,
Author = {Angelucci, M and De Giorgi and G and Rangel, M and Rasul,
I},
Title = {Village economies and the structure of extended family
networks},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2291},
Abstract = {This paper documents how the structure of extended family
networks in rural Mexico relates to the poverty and
inequality of the village of residence. Using the Hispanic
naming convention, we construct within-village extended
family networks in 504 poor rural villages. Family networks
are larger (both in the number of members and as a share of
the village population) and out-migration is lower the
poorer and the less unequal the village of residence. Our
results are consistent with the extended family being a
source of informal insurance to its members. Copyright ©
2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1935-1682.2291},
Key = {fds300090}
}
@article{fds300092,
Author = {Rangel, M and Rasul, I and Giorgi, GD and Angelucci,
M},
Title = {INSURANCE, INVESTMENT, AND THE EXTENDED FAMILY},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {human capital investment.},
Key = {fds300092}
}
@article{fds267411,
Author = {Rangel, MA},
Title = {Alimony rights and intrahousehold allocation of resources:
Evidence from Brazil},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {116},
Number = {513},
Pages = {627-658},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2006.01104.x},
Abstract = {Can family policy affect well-being of individuals without
altering the resources available to their families? This
article examines the extension of alimony rights and
obligations to cohabiting couples in Brazil. For women in
intact relationships, alimony rights upon dissolution should
improve outside options, strengthening their negotiating
positions, and increasing their influence over
intrahousehold allocation of resources. Robust econometric
evidence indicates that more decision power in the hands of
women impacts hours worked by female adults and investments
in the education of children. This suggests that family
policy and models of family decision making should take
intrahousehold heterogeneity of preferences into account. ©
2006 The Authors. Journal compilation © Royal Economic
Society 2006.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2006.01104.x},
Key = {fds267411}
}
%% Rasiel, Emma
@article{fds294368,
Author = {Califf, RM and Rasiel, EB and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Considerations of net present value in policy making
regarding diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {156},
Number = {5},
Pages = {879-885},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19061701},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The pharmaceutical and medical device industries
function in a business environment in which shareholders
expect companies to optimize profit within legal and ethical
standards. A fundamental tool used to optimize decision
making is the net present value calculation, which estimates
the current value of cash flows relating to an investment.
METHODS: We examined 3 prototypical research investment
decisions that have been the source of public scrutiny to
illustrate how policy decisions can be better understood
when their impact on societally desirable investments by
industry are viewed from the standpoint of their impact on
net present value. RESULTS: In the case of direct,
comparative clinical trials, a simple net present value
calculation provides insight into why companies eschew such
investments. In the case of pediatric clinical trials, the
Pediatric Extension Rule changed the net present value
calculation from unattractive to potentially very attractive
by allowing patent extensions; thus, the dramatic increase
in pediatric clinical trials can be explained by the
financial return on investment. In the case of products for
small markets, the fixed costs of development make this
option financially unattractive. CONCLUSIONS: Policy
decisions can be better understood when their impact on
societally desirable investments by the pharmaceutical and
medical device industries are viewed from the standpoint of
their impact on net present value.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2008.06.038},
Key = {fds294368}
}
@article{fds294367,
Author = {Rasiel, EB and Jacob, J},
Title = {Index Volatility Futures in Asset Allocation: A Hedging
Framework},
Journal = {Lazard Asset Management--Investment Research},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds294367}
}
@article{fds294366,
Author = {Glickman, SW and Rasiel, EB and Hamilton, CD and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {Developing drugs for tuberculosis - Response},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {315},
Number = {5815},
Pages = {1076-1077},
Publisher = {AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
Key = {fds294366}
}
@article{fds294369,
Author = {Rasiel, EB and Temple, R},
Title = {Prime and Subprime Mortgage Foreclosure Analysis},
Journal = {Lazard Asset Management--Investment Research},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds294369}
}
@article{fds294370,
Author = {Glickman, SW and Rasiel, EB and Hamilton, CD and Kubataev, A and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Medicine. A portfolio model of drug development for
tuberculosis.},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {311},
Number = {5765},
Pages = {1246-1247},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1119299},
Abstract = {Because of inadequate funding and the lack of promising
drugs, no new antituberculosis drugs are likely to become
available before 2010.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1119299},
Key = {fds294370}
}
@article{fds294372,
Author = {Rasiel, EB and Weinfurt, KP and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Can prospect theory explain risk-seeking behavior by
terminally ill patients?},
Journal = {Medical Decision Making : an International Journal of the
Society for Medical Decision Making},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {609-613},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0272-989X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16282211},
Abstract = {Patients with life-threatening conditions sometimes appear
to make risky treatment decisions as their condition
declines, contradicting the risk-averse behavior predicted
by expected utility theory. Prospect theory accommodates
such decisions by describing how individuals evaluate
outcomes relative to a reference point and how they exhibit
risk-seeking behavior over losses relative to that point.
The authors show that a patient's reference point for his or
her health is a key factor in determining which treatment
option the patient selects, and they examine under what
circumstances the more risky option is selected. The authors
argue that patients' reference points may take time to
adjust following a change in diagnosis, with implications
for predicting under what circumstances a patient may select
experimental or conventional therapies or select no
treatment.},
Doi = {10.1177/0272989X05282642},
Key = {fds294372}
}
@article{fds294371,
Author = {Bollen, NPB and Rasiel, E},
Title = {The performance of alternative valuation models in the OTC
currency options market},
Journal = {Journal of International Money and Finance},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-64},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1967 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We compare option valuation models based on
regime-switching, GARCH, and jump-diffusion processes to a
standard "smile" model, in which Black and Scholes (1973)
implied volatilities are allowed to vary across strike
prices. The regime-switching, GARCH, and jump-diffusion
models provide significant improvement over a fixed smile
model in fitting GBP and JPY option prices both in-sample
and out-of-sample. The jump-diffusion model achieves the
tightest fit. A time-varying smile model, however, provides
hedging performance that is comparable to the other models
for the GBP options. This result suggests that standard
option valuation techniques may provide a reasonable basis
for trading and hedging strategies. © 2003 Elsevier Science
Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0261-5606(02)00073-6},
Key = {fds294371}
}
%% Reed, Shelby
@article{fds204991,
Author = {MA Dinan and TJ Robinson and TM Zagar and CD Scales Jr and LH Curtis and SD
Reed, WR Lee and KA Schulman},
Title = {Changes in initial treatment for prostate cancer among
Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2007.},
Journal = {International journal of radiation oncology, biology,
physics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e781-6},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1879-355X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.024},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In the absence of evidence from large clinical
trials, optimal therapy for localized prostate cancer
remains unclear; however, treatment patterns continue to
change. We examined changes in the management of patients
with prostate cancer in the Medicare population. METHODS: We
conducted a retrospective claims-based analysis of the use
of radiation therapy, surgery, and androgen deprivation
therapy in the 12 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer
in a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare claims.
Patients were Medicare beneficiaries 67 years or older with
incident prostate cancer diagnosed between 1999 and 2007.
RESULTS: There were 20,918 incident cases of prostate cancer
between 1999 and 2007. The proportion of patients receiving
androgen deprivation therapy decreased from 55% to 36%, and
the proportion of patients receiving no active therapy
increased from 16% to 23%. Intensity-modulated radiation
therapy replaced three-dimensional conformal radiation
therapy as the most common method of radiation therapy,
accounting for 77% of external beam radiotherapy by 2007.
Minimally invasive radical prostatectomy began to replace
open surgical approaches, being used in 49% of radical
prostatectomies by 2007. CONCLUSIONS: Between 2002 and 2007,
the use of androgen deprivation therapy decreased, open
surgical approaches were largely replaced by minimally
invasive radical prostatectomy, and intensity-modulated
radiation therapy replaced three-dimensional conformal
radiation therapy as the predominant method of radiation
therapy in the Medicare population. The aging of the
population and the increasing use of newer, higher-cost
technologies in the treatment of patients with prostate
cancer may have important implications for nationwide health
care costs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.024},
Key = {fds204991}
}
@article{fds204993,
Author = {EM Dewitt and CA Grussemeyer and JY Friedman and MA Dinan and L Lin and KA
Schulman, SD Reed},
Title = {Resource use, costs, and utility estimates for patients with
cystic fibrosis with mild impairment in lung function:
analysis of data collected alongside a 48-week multicenter
clinical trial.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-83},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1524-4733},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2011.11.027},
Keywords = {Adolescent Child Costs and Cost Analysis Cystic Fibrosis
Deoxycytosine Nucleotides Female Health Care Costs* Health
Resources Humans Lung Male Multivariate Analysis Outcome
Assessment (Health Care) Respiratory Function Tests United
States Uridine Young Adult analogs & derivatives* drug
therapy* economics economics* physiopathology* therapeutic
use utilization*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Transport of ions to generate epithelial
rehydration (TIGER)-1 was a randomized trial conducted to
evaluate the safety and efficacy of denufosol versus placebo
in patients with cystic fibrosis with mild impairment in
lung function. The trial met its primary end point at 24
weeks, but a subsequent trial did not show a sustained
effect of denufosol at 48 weeks. By using the 48-week data,
we characterized resource use, direct medical costs,
indirect costs, and utility estimates. METHODS: Data on
medications, outpatient and emergency visits, hospital
admissions, tests, procedures, and home nursing were
captured on study case report forms. Sources for unit costs
included the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, the Nationwide
Inpatient Sample, and the Red Book. Health utilities were
derived from the Health Utilities Index Mark 2/3. We used
multivariable regression to evaluate the impact of baseline
covariates on costs. RESULTS: Characteristics of the 352
participants at enrollment included mean age of 14.6 years,
history of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in 45.2%, use
of dornase alfa in 77.0%, and long-term use of inhaled
antibiotics in 37.2%. Over 48 weeks, 22.4% of participants
were hospitalized and, on average, participants missed 7.4
days of school or work. Mean total costs (excluding
denufosol) were $39,673 (SD $26,842), of which 85% were
attributable to medications. Female sex and P. aeruginosa
colonization were independently associated with higher
costs. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective economic data collection
alongside a clinical trial allows for robust estimates of
cost of illness. The mean annual cost of care for patients
with cystic fibrosis with mild impairment in lung function
exceeds $43,000 and is driven by medication
costs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jval.2011.11.027},
Key = {fds204993}
}
@article{fds204992,
Author = {SD Reed and Y Li and S Kamble and D Polsky and FL Graham and MT Bowers and GP
Samsa, S Paul and KA Schulman and DJ Whellan and BJ
Riegel},
Title = {Introduction of the Tools for Economic Analysis of Patient
Management Interventions in Heart Failure Costing Tool: a
user-friendly spreadsheet program to estimate costs of
providing patient-centered interventions.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-9},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.962977},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Health Care Costs Heart Failure Humans
Models, Economic* Patient Care Management Patient-Centered
Care Software* United States User-Computer Interface
economics* epidemiology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patient-centered health care interventions, such
as heart failure disease management programs, are under
increasing pressure to demonstrate good value. Variability
in costing methods and assumptions in economic evaluations
of such interventions limit the comparability of cost
estimates across studies. Valid cost estimation is critical
to conducting economic evaluations and for program budgeting
and reimbursement negotiations. RESULTS: Using sound
economic principles, we developed the Tools for Economic
Analysis of Patient Management Interventions in Heart
Failure (TEAM-HF) Costing Tool, a spreadsheet program that
can be used by researchers and health care managers to
systematically generate cost estimates for economic
evaluations and to inform budgetary decisions. The tool
guides users on data collection and cost assignment for
associated personnel, facilities, equipment, supplies,
patient incentives, miscellaneous items, and start-up
activities. The tool generates estimates of total program
costs, cost per patient, and cost per week and presents
results using both standardized and customized unit costs
for side-by-side comparisons. Results from pilot testing
indicated that the tool was well-formatted, easy to use, and
followed a logical order. Cost estimates of a 12-week
exercise training program in patients with heart failure
were generated with the costing tool and were found to be
consistent with estimates published in a recent study.
CONCLUSIONS: The TEAM-HF Costing Tool could prove to be a
valuable resource for researchers and health care managers
to generate comprehensive cost estimates of patient-centered
interventions in heart failure or other conditions for
conducting high-quality economic evaluations and making
well-informed health care management decisions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.962977},
Key = {fds204992}
}
@article{fds204990,
Author = {SD Reed},
Title = {When evaluating parameter uncertainty is not enough: the
case of dasatinib and nilotinib for imatinib-resistant
chronic myeloid leukemia.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {14},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1055-6},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-4733},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2011.10.001},
Keywords = {Humans Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase Piperazines
Pyrimidines Thiazoles drug therapy* therapeutic
use*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jval.2011.10.001},
Key = {fds204990}
}
@article{fds204988,
Author = {SD Reed and ZJ Eapen and KA Schulman},
Title = {End point selection in acute decompensated heart failure
clinical trials: economic end points.},
Journal = {Heart failure clinics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {529-37},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1551-7136},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hfc.2011.06.014},
Keywords = {Acute Disease Clinical Trials as Topic Disease Progression
Health Care Costs* Heart Failure Humans United States
economics* therapy},
Abstract = {The selection of economic end points in acute decompensated
heart failure (ADHF) clinical trials requires prospectively
planned evaluations that are developed in tandem with
clinical end points. Integrating economic end points with
concrete clinical outcomes postdischarge will provide
meaningful data to evaluate a treatment's incremental value
in the setting of ADHF.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.hfc.2011.06.014},
Key = {fds204988}
}
@article{fds204994,
Author = {ZJ Eapen and SD Reed and LH Curtis and AF Hernandez and ED
Peterson},
Title = {Do heart failure disease management programs make financial
sense under a bundled payment system?},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {161},
Number = {5},
Pages = {916-22},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2011.02.016},
Keywords = {Disease Management* Double-Blind Method Fee-for-Service
Plans Female Follow-Up Studies Health Expenditures* Heart
Failure Hospitalization Humans Male Medicare Middle Aged
Prospective Studies United States economics economics*
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Policy makers have proposed bundling payments
for all heart failure (HF) care within 30 days of an HF
hospitalization in an effort to reduce costs. Disease
management (DM) programs can reduce costly HF readmissions
but have not been economically attractive for caregivers
under existing fee-for-service payment. Whether a bundled
payment approach can address the negative financial impact
of DM programs is unknown. METHODS: Our study determined the
cost-neutral point for the typical DM program and examined
whether published HF DM programs can be cost saving under
bundled payment programs. We used a decision analytic model
using data from retrospective cohort studies, meta-analyses,
5 randomized trials evaluating DM programs, and inpatient
claims for all Medicare beneficiaries discharged with an HF
diagnosis from 2001 to 2004. We determined the costs of DM
programs and inpatient care over 30 and 180 days. RESULTS:
With a baseline readmission rate of 22.9%, the average cost
for readmissions over 30 days was $2,272 per patient. Under
base-case assumptions, a DM program that reduced
readmissions by 21% would need to cost $477 per patient to
be cost neutral. Among evaluated published DM programs, 2 of
the 5 would increase provider costs (+$15 to $283 per
patient), whereas 3 programs would be cost saving (-$241 to
$347 per patient). If bundled payments were broadened to
include care over 180 days, then program saving estimates
would increase, ranging from $419 to $1,706 per patient.
CONCLUSIONS: Proposed bundled payments for HF admissions
provide hospitals with a potential financial incentive to
implement DM programs that efficiently reduce
readmissions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2011.02.016},
Key = {fds204994}
}
@article{fds204989,
Author = {SD Reed and CD Scales Jr and SB Stewart and J Sun and JW Moul and KA
Schulman, J Xu},
Title = {Effects of family history and genetic polymorphism on the
cost-effectiveness of chemoprevention with finasteride for
prostate cancer.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology},
Volume = {185},
Number = {3},
Pages = {841-7},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1527-3792},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.10.078},
Keywords = {5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors Aged Cost-Benefit Analysis
Finasteride Humans Male Middle Aged Polymorphism, Genetic*
Prostatic Neoplasms economics* genetics prevention &
control* therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Improvement in the cost-effectiveness of
chemoprevention for prostate cancer could be realized
through the identification of patients at higher risk. We
estimated the cost-effectiveness of prostate cancer
chemoprevention across risk groups defined by family history
and number of risk alleles, and the cost-effectiveness of
targeting chemoprevention to higher risk groups. METHODS: We
developed a probabilistic Markov model to estimate costs,
survival and quality adjusted survival across risk groups
for patients receiving or not receiving chemoprevention with
finasteride. The model uses data from national cancer
registries, online sources and the medical literature.
RESULTS: The incremental cost-effectiveness of 25 years of
chemoprevention with finasteride in patients 50 years old
was an estimated $89,300 per quality adjusted life-year (95%
CI $58,800-$149,800), assuming finasteride decreased all
grades of prostate cancer by 24.8%. Among patients with a
positive family history (without genetic testing)
chemoprevention provided 1 additional quality adjusted
life-year at a cost of $64,200. Among patients with a
negative family history at $400 per person tested, the
cost-effectiveness of genetically targeted chemoprevention
ranged from $98,100 per quality adjusted life-year when
limiting finasteride to individuals with 14 or more risk
alleles, to $103,200 per quality adjusted life-year when
including those with 8 or more risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS:
Although there are small differences in the
cost-effectiveness of genetically targeted chemoprevention
strategies in patients with a negative family history,
genetic testing could reduce total expenditures if used to
target chemoprevention for higher risk groups.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.juro.2010.10.078},
Key = {fds204989}
}
@article{fds183847,
Author = {M Barbieri and M Drummond and F Rutten and J Cook and HA Glick and J Lis and SD Reed and M Sculpher and JL Severens and ISPOR Good Research
Practices Economic Data Transferability Task
Force},
Title = {What do international pharmacoeconomic guidelines say about
economic data transferability?},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {13},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1028-37},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-4733},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2010.00771.x},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Diffusion of Innovation* Economics,
Pharmaceutical Humans Translational Medical Research
Treatment Outcome standards*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this article were to assess the
positions of the various national pharmacoeconomic
guidelines on the transferability (or lack of
transferability) of clinical and economic data and to review
the methods suggested in the guidelines for addressing
issues of transferability. METHODS: A review of existing
national pharmacoeconomic guidelines was conducted to assess
recommendations on the transferability of clinical and
economic data, whether there are important differences
between countries, and whether common methodologies have
been suggested to address key transferability issues.
Pharmacoeconomic guidelines were initially identified
through the ISPOR Web site. In addition, those national
guidelines not included in the ISPOR Web site, but known to
us, were also considered. RESULTS: Across 27 sets of
guidelines, baseline risk and unit costs were uniformly
considered to be of low transferability, while treatment
effect was classified as highly transferable. Results were
more variable for resource use and utilities, which were
considered to have low transferability in 63% and 45% of
cases, respectively. There were some differences between
older and more recent guidelines in the treatment of
transferability issues. CONCLUSIONS: A growing number of
jurisdictions are using guidelines for the economic
evaluation of pharmaceuticals. The recommendations in
existing guidelines regarding the transferability of
clinical and economic data are quite diverse. There is a
case for standardization in dealing with transferability
issues. One important step would be to update guidelines
more frequently.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2010.00771.x},
Key = {fds183847}
}
@article{fds183846,
Author = {CH Chou and SD Reed and JS Allsbrook and JL Steele and KA Schulman and MJ
Alexander},
Title = {Costs of vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid
hemorrhage.},
Journal = {Neurosurgery},
Volume = {67},
Number = {2},
Pages = {345-51; discussion 351-2},
Year = {2010},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1524-4040},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000371980.08391.71},
Keywords = {Adult Blood Flow Velocity Cohort Studies Cost of Illness
Female Hospital Mortality Humans Hypertension Length of Stay
Male Risk Factors Smoking Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Treatment
Outcome Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial Vasospasm,
Intracranial adverse effects complications complications*
economics* epidemiology etiology* mortality
physiology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of vasospasm on costs,
length of stay, and mortality among inpatients with
aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: We combined
hospital accounting and physician billing data for a
consecutive cohort of 198 patients who underwent surgical
clipping or endovascular coiling for subarachnoid hemorrhage
repair. We considered patients with transcranial Doppler
(TCD) velocity of 120 cm/s or greater in the middle cerebral
artery to have TCD-defined vasospasm and patients with
delayed ischemic neurological deficit to have symptomatic
vasospasm. We compared outcomes of patients with TCD-defined
vasospasm (n = 116) and those without (n = 73) and patients
with symptomatic vasospasm (n = 62) and those without (n =
127), adjusting for demographic and clinical
characteristics. RESULTS: In adjusted analyses, the
incremental cost attributable to TCD-defined vasospasm was
1.20 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.36; P =
.004) than for patients without TCD-defined vasospasm.
Length of stay was an estimated 1.22 times longer for
patients with TCD-defined vasospasm (95% CI, 1.07-1.39; P <
.01). For symptomatic vasospasm, adjusted costs were 1.27
times higher (95% CI, 1.12-1.43; P < .001) and length of
stay was an estimated 1.24 times longer (95% CI, 1.09-1.40;
P < .01) for patients with vasospasm than for those without.
There was no significant relationship between either type of
vasospasm and in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Patients
with subarachnoid hemorrhage and TCD-defined or symptomatic
vasospasm incur higher inpatient costs and longer hospital
stays than those without vasospasm.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1227/01.NEU.0000371980.08391.71},
Key = {fds183846}
}
@article{fds175800,
Author = {DJ Anderson and JM Arduino and SD Reed and DJ Sexton and KS Kaye and CA
Grussemeyer, SA Peter and C Hardy and YI Choi and JY Friedman and VG
Fowler Jr},
Title = {Variation in the type and frequency of postoperative
invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections according to type
of surgical procedure.},
Journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official
journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of
America},
Volume = {31},
Number = {7},
Pages = {701-9},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1559-6834},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/653205},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiological characteristics
of postoperative invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection
following 4 types of major surgical procedures.design.
Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Eleven hospitals (9
community hospitals and 2 tertiary care hospitals) in North
Carolina and Virginia. PATIENTS: Adults undergoing
orthopedic, neurosurgical, cardiothoracic, and plastic
surgical procedures. METHODS: We used previously validated,
prospectively collected surgical surveillance data for
surgical site infection and microbiological data for
bloodstream infection. The study period was 2003 through
2006. We defined invasive S. aureus infection as either
nonsuperficial incisional surgical site infection or
bloodstream infection. Nonparametric bootstrapping was used
to generate 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P values were
generated using the Pearson chi2 test, Student t test, or
Wilcoxon rank-sum test, as appropriate. RESULTS: In total,
81,267 patients underwent 96,455 procedures during the study
period. The overall incidence of invasive S. aureus
infection was 0.47 infections per 100 procedures (95% CI,
0.43-0.52); 227 (51%) of 446 infections were due to
methicillin-resistant S.aureus. Invasive S. aureus infection
was more common after cardiothoracic procedures (incidence,
0.79 infections per 100 procedures [95%CI, 0.62-0.97]) than
after orthopedic procedures (0.37 infections per 100
procedures [95% CI, 0.32-0.42]), neurosurgical procedures
(0.62 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.53-0.72]), or
plastic surgical procedures (0.32 infections per 100
procedures [95% CI, 0.17-0.47]) (P < .001). Similarly, S.
aureus bloodstream infection was most common after
cardiothoracic procedures (incidence, 0.57 infections per
100 procedures [95% CI, 0.43-0.72]; P < .001, compared with
other procedure types), comprising almost three-quarters of
the invasive S. aureus infections after these procedures.
The highest rate of surgical site infection was observed
after neurosurgical procedures (incidence, 0.50 infections
per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.42-0.59]; P < .001, compared
with other procedure types), comprising 80% of invasive
S.aureus infections after these procedures. CONCLUSION: The
frequency and type of postoperative invasive S. aureus
infection varied significantly across procedure types. The
highest risk procedures, such as cardiothoracic procedures,
should be targeted for ongoing preventative
interventions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1086/653205},
Key = {fds175800}
}
@article{fds183848,
Author = {SD Reed and DJ Whellan and Y Li and JY Friedman and SJ Ellis and IL Piña and SJ Settles and L Davidson-Ray and JL Johnson and LS Cooper and CM
O'Connor, KA Schulman and HF-ACTION Investigators},
Title = {Economic evaluation of the HF-ACTION (Heart Failure: A
Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise
Training) randomized controlled trial: an exercise training
study of patients with chronic heart failure.},
Journal = {Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {374-81},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1941-7705},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.907287},
Keywords = {Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures Chronic Disease Cost of
Illness* Cost-Benefit Analysis Exercise Therapy* Female
Follow-Up Studies Health Care Costs* Heart Failure
Hospitalization Humans Male Middle Aged Treatment Outcome
economics* physiopathology therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating
Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) assigned 2331
outpatients with medically stable heart failure to exercise
training or usual care. We compared medical resource use and
costs incurred by these patients during follow-up. RESULTS:
Extensive data on medical resource use and hospital bills
were collected throughout the trial for estimates of direct
medical costs. Intervention costs were estimated using
patient-level trial data, administrative records, and
published unit costs. Mean follow-up was 2.5 years. There
were 2297 hospitalizations in the exercise group and 2332 in
the usual care group (P=0.92). The mean number of inpatient
days was 13.6 (standard deviation [SD], 27.0) in the
exercise group and 15.0 (SD, 31.4) in the usual care group
(P=0.23). Other measures of resource use were similar
between groups, except for trends indicating that fewer
patients in the exercise group underwent high-cost inpatient
procedures. Total direct medical costs per participant were
an estimated $50,857 (SD, $81,488) in the exercise group and
$56,177 (SD, $92,749) in the usual care group (95%
confidence interval for the difference, $-12,755 to $1547;
P=0.10). The direct cost of exercise training was an
estimated $1006 (SD, $337). Patient time costs were an
estimated $5018 (SD, $4600). CONCLUSIONS: The cost of
exercise training was relatively low for the health care
system, but patients incurred significant time costs. In
this economic evaluation, there was little systematic
benefit in terms of overall medical resource use with this
intervention. BACKGROUND: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Unique identifier: NCT00047437.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.907287},
Key = {fds183848}
}
@article{fds175799,
Author = {BT Vaughn, SR DeVrieze and SD Reed and KA Schulman},
Title = {Can we close the income and wealth gap between specialists
and primary care physicians?},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {29},
Number = {5},
Pages = {933-40},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1544-5208},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0675},
Abstract = {Over their lifetimes, primary care physicians earn lower
incomes--and accumulate considerably less wealth--than their
specialist counterparts. This gap influences medical
students, who are choosing careers in primary care in
declining numbers. We estimated career wealth accumulation
across specialists, primary care physicians, physician
assistants, business school graduates, and college
graduates. We then compared specialists, represented by
cardiologists, to primary care physicians in four scenarios.
The wealth gap is substantial; narrowing it would require
substantial reductions in specialists' practice income or
increases in primary care physicians' practice income, or
both, of more than $100,000 a year. Current proposals for
increasing primary care physician supply would do little to
lessen these differences.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0675},
Key = {fds175799}
}
@article{fds165872,
Author = {SD Reed and Y Li and EZ Oddone and AM Neary and MM Orr and JM Grubber and FL
Graham, MK Olsen and LP Svetkey and RJ Dolor and BJ Powers and MB Adams and HB Bosworth},
Title = {Economic evaluation of home blood pressure monitoring with
or without telephonic behavioral self-management in patients
with hypertension.},
Journal = {American journal of hypertension},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {142-8},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1941-7225},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2009.215},
Keywords = {Aged Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory Costs and Cost
Analysis Educational Status Female Follow-Up Studies Humans
Hypertension Life Style Male Middle Aged Risk Factors Self
Care Telephone economics* physiopathology
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Take Control of Your Blood Pressure trial
evaluated the effect of a multicomponent telephonic
behavioral lifestyle intervention, patient self-monitoring,
and both interventions combined compared with usual care on
reducing systolic blood pressure during 24 months. The
combined intervention led to a significant reduction in
systolic blood pressure compared with usual care alone. We
examined direct and patient time costs associated with each
intervention. METHODS: We conducted a prospective economic
evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial of 636
patients with hypertension participating in the study
interventions. Medical costs were estimated using electronic
data representing medical services delivered within the
health system. Intervention-related costs were derived using
information collected during the trial, administrative
records, and published unit costs. RESULTS: During 24
months, patients incurred a mean of $6,965 (s.d., $22,054)
in inpatient costs and $8,676 (s.d., $9,368) in outpatient
costs, with no significant differences among the
intervention groups. With base-case assumptions,
intervention costs were estimated at $90 (s.d., $2) for home
blood pressure monitoring, $345 (s.d., $64) for the
behavioral intervention ($31 per telephone encounter), and
$416 (s.d., $93) for the combined intervention. Patient time
costs were estimated at $585 (s.d., $487) for home
monitoring, $55 (s.d., $16) for the behavioral intervention,
and $741 (s.d., $529) for the combined intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis demonstrated that the
interventions are cost-additive to the health-care system in
the short term and that patients' time costs are
nontrivial.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1038/ajh.2009.215},
Key = {fds165872}
}
@article{fds165873,
Author = {C Moran and CA Grussemeyer, JR Spalding and DK Benjamin Jr and SD
Reed},
Title = {Comparison of costs, length of stay, and mortality
associated with Candida glabrata and Candida albicans
bloodstream infections.},
Journal = {American journal of infection control},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {78-80},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1527-3296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2009.06.014},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Candida albicans Candida
glabrata Candidiasis Cross Infection Female Fungemia Humans
Length of Stay Male Middle Aged Young Adult economics
economics* isolation & purification* microbiology mortality
mortality* pathology statistics & numerical
data*},
Abstract = {We compared costs, length of stay, and mortality between
adults with Candida albicans and Candida glabrata
bloodstream infections. Early evidence of C glabrata, as
defined by a positive culture within 2 days of admission,
was associated with higher costs ($56,026 vs $32,810; P =
.04) and longer hospital stays (19.7 vs 14.5 days; P = .05)
compared with early evidence of C albicans. Mortality was
similar between the groups.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajic.2009.06.014},
Key = {fds165873}
}
@article{fds172850,
Author = {S Kamble and MJ Telen and MA Dinan and CA Grussemeyer and SD
Reed},
Title = {Costs and length of stay for patients with and without
sickle cell disease after hysterectomy, appendectomy, or
knee replacement.},
Journal = {American journal of hematology},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1},
Pages = {79-81},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1096-8652},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.21576},
Keywords = {Adult Anemia, Sickle Cell Appendectomy Arthroplasty,
Replacement, Knee Female Health Care Costs Humans
Hysterectomy Length of Stay Male complications*
economics*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/ajh.21576},
Key = {fds172850}
}
@article{fds165877,
Author = {ME Patterson and WC Grant and SW Glickman and BM Massie and SE Ammon and PW
Armstrong, JG Cleland and JF Collins and KK Teo and KA Schulman and SD
Reed},
Title = {Resource use and costs of treatment with anticoagulation and
antiplatelet agents: results of the WATCH trial economic
evaluation.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiac failure},
Volume = {15},
Number = {10},
Pages = {819-27},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1532-8414},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.07.004},
Keywords = {Aged Anticoagulants Evaluation Studies as Topic Female
Health Care Costs* Health Resources Heart Failure
Hospitalization Humans Male Middle Aged Platelet Aggregation
Inhibitors drug therapy economics economics* therapeutic use
trends},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Warfarin and Antiplatelet Therapy in Chronic
Heart Failure (WATCH) trial revealed no significant
differences among 1587 symptomatic heart failure patients
randomized to warfarin, clopidogrel, or aspirin in time to
all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal
stroke. We compared within-trial medical resource use and
costs between treatments. RESULTS: We assigned
country-specific costs to medical resources incurred during
follow-up. Annualized rates of hospitalizations, inpatient
and outpatient procedures, and emergency department visits
did not differ significantly between groups. Annualized
total costs averaged $5901 (95% confidence interval [CI],
$4776-$7520) for the aspirin group, $5646 (95% CI,
$4903-$6584) for the clopidogrel group, and $5830 (95% CI,
$4838-$7400) for the warfarin group. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent
with clinical findings, our analyses did not identify
significant cost differences between treatments.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.07.004},
Key = {fds165877}
}
@article{fds165869,
Author = {MA Dinan and CH Chou and BG Hammill and FL Graham and KA Schulman and MJ
Telen, SD Reed},
Title = {Outcomes of inpatients with and without sickle cell disease
after high-volume surgical procedures.},
Journal = {American journal of hematology},
Volume = {84},
Number = {11},
Pages = {703-9},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1096-8652},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.21520},
Keywords = {Adult Anemia, Sickle Cell* Hospital Costs Hospital Mortality
Humans Inpatients* Length of Stay Middle Aged Surgical
Procedures, Operative* Treatment Outcome Young Adult
economics mortality},
Abstract = {In this study, we examined differences in inpatient costs,
length of stay, and in-hospital mortality between
hospitalizations for patients with and without sickle cell
disease (SCD) undergoing high-volume surgical procedures. We
used Clinical Classification Software (CCS) codes to
identify discharges in the 2002-2005 Nationwide Inpatient
Sample of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project for
patients who had undergone either cholecystectomy or hip
replacement. We limited the non-SCD cohort to hospitals
where patients with SCD had undergone the same procedure. We
compared inpatient outcomes using summary statistics and
generalized linear regression analysis to adjust for
patient, hospital, and procedural characteristics. Overall,
the median age of surgical patients with SCD was more than
three decades less than the median age of patients without
SCD undergoing the same procedure. In recognition of the age
disparity, we limited the analyses to patients aged 18 to 64
years. Nonetheless, patients with SCD undergoing
cholecystectomy or hip replacement were 12.1 and 14.4 years
younger, had inpatient stays that were 73% and 82% longer,
and incurred costs that were 46% and 40% higher per
discharge than patients without SCD, respectively. Inpatient
mortality for these procedures was low, approximately 0.6%
for cholecystectomy and 0.2% for hip replacement and did not
differ significantly between patients with and without SCD.
Multivariable regression analyses revealed that higher
inpatient costs among patients with SCD were primarily
attributable to longer hospital stays. Patients with SCD who
underwent cholecystectomy or hip replacement required more
health care resources than patients without SCD. Am. J.
Hematol. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/ajh.21520},
Key = {fds165869}
}
@article{fds165876,
Author = {HB Bosworth and MK Olsen and JM Grubber and AM Neary and MM Orr and BJ
Powers, MB Adams and LP Svetkey and SD Reed and Y Li and RJ Dolor and EZ
Oddone},
Title = {Two Self-management Interventions to Improve Hypertension
Control: A Randomized Trial.},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
Volume = {151},
Number = {10},
Pages = {687-695},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1539-3704},
Abstract = {Background: Fewer than 40% of persons with hypertension in
the United States have adequate blood pressure (BP) control.
Objective: To compare 2 self-management interventions for
improving BP control among hypertensive patients. Design: A
2 x 2 randomized trial, stratified by enrollment site and
patient health literacy status, with 2-year follow-up.
(ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00123058)
Setting: 2 university-affiliated primary care clinics.
Patients: 636 hypertensive patients. Intervention: A
centralized, blinded, and stratified randomization algorithm
was used to randomly assign eligible patients to receive
usual care, a behavioral intervention (bimonthly tailored,
nurse-administered telephone intervention targeting
hypertension-related behaviors), home BP monitoring 3 times
weekly, or the behavioral intervention plus home BP
monitoring. Measurements: The primary outcome was BP control
at 6-month intervals over 24 months. Results: 475 patients
(75%) completed the 24-month BP follow-up. At 24 months,
improvements in the proportion of patients with BP control
relative to the usual care group were 4.3% (95% CI, -4.5% to
12.9%) in the behavioral intervention group, 7.6% (CI, -1.9%
to 17.0%) in the home BP monitoring group, and 11.0% (CI,
1.9%, 19.8%) in the combined intervention group. Relative to
usual care, the 24-month difference in systolic BP was 0.6
mm Hg (CI, -2.2 to 3.4 mm Hg) for the behavioral
intervention group, -0.6 mm Hg (CI, -3.6 to 2.3 mm Hg) for
the BP monitoring group, and -3.9 mm Hg (CI, -6.9 to -0.9 mm
Hg) for the combined intervention group; patterns were
similar for diastolic BP. Limitation: Changes in medication
use and diet were monitored only in intervention
participants; 24-month outcome data were missing for 25% of
participants, BP control was adequate at baseline in 73% of
participants, and the study setting was an academic health
center. Conclusion: Combined home BP monitoring and tailored
behavioral telephone intervention improved BP control,
systolic BP, and diastolic BP at 24 months relative to usual
care. Primary Funding Source: National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute; Pfizer Foundation Health Communication
Initiative; and the American Heart Association.},
Key = {fds165876}
}
@article{fds165867,
Author = {HB Bosworth and MK Olsen and JM Grubber and AM Neary and MM Orr and BJ
Powers, MB Adams and LP Svetkey and SD Reed and Y Li and RJ Dolor and EZ
Oddone},
Title = {Two Self-management Interventions to Improve Hypertension
Control: A Randomized Trial.},
Journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1539-3704},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Fewer than 40% of persons with hypertension in
the United States have adequate blood pressure (BP) control.
OBJECTIVE: To compare 2 self-management interventions for
improving BP control among hypertensive patients. DESIGN: A
2 x 2 randomized trial, stratified by enrollment site and
patient health literacy status, with 2-year follow-up.
(ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00123058)
SETTING: 2 university-affiliated primary care clinics.
PATIENTS: 636 hypertensive patients. INTERVENTION: A
centralized blinded and stratified randomization algorithm
was used to randomly assign eligible patients to receive
usual care, a behavioral intervention (bimonthly tailored
nurse-administered telephone intervention targeting
hypertension-related behaviors), home BP monitoring 3 times
weekly, or the behavioral intervention plus home BP
monitoring. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was BP control
at 6-month intervals over 24 months. 475 patients (75%)
completed the 24-month BP follow-up. RESULTS: At 24 months,
improvements in the proportion of patients with BP control
relative to the usual care group were 4.3% (95% CI, -4.5% to
12.9%) in the behavioral intervention group, 7.6% (CI, -1.9%
to 17.0%) in the home BP monitoring group, and 11.0% (CI,
1.9%, 19.8%) in the combined intervention group. Relative to
usual care, the 24-month difference in systolic BP was 0.6
mm Hg (CI, -2.2 to 3.4) for the behavioral intervention
group, -0.6 mm Hg (CI, -3.6 to 2.3) for the BP monitoring
group, and -3.9 mm Hg (CI, -6.9 to -0.9) for the combined
intervention group; patterns were similar patterns were for
diastolic BP. Limitation: Generalizability is limited
because changes in medication use and diet were monitored
only in intervention participants; 24-month outcome data
were missing for 25% of participants, BP control was
adequate at baseline in 73% of participants, and the study
setting was an academic health center. CONCLUSION: Combined
home BP monitoring and tailored behavioral telephone
intervention improved BP control, systolic BP, and diastolic
BP at 24 months relative to usual care. Primary Funding
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Pfizer
Foundation Health Communication Initiative; and the American
Heart Association.},
Key = {fds165867}
}
@article{fds165870,
Author = {EM DeWitt and L Lin and HA Glick and KJ Anstrom and KA Schulman and SD
Reed},
Title = {Pattern and predictors of the initiation of biologic agents
for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the United
States: an analysis using a large observational data
bank.},
Journal = {Clinical therapeutics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1871-80; discussion 1858},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1879-114X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.08.020},
Keywords = {Age Factors Antirheumatic Agents Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Cohort Studies Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Immunologic
Factors Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Retrospective
Studies Socioeconomic Factors United States drug therapy*
epidemiology pharmacology therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify factors
associated with the initiation of biologic agents for the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a large US
observational cohort. METHODS: Semiannual patient-reported
data in the ARAMIS (Arthritis, Rheumatism and Aging Medical
Information System) data bank from January 1998 to January
2006 were analyzed retrospectively using pooled logistic
regression (with adjustment for center-level and temporal
effects) to identify patient-, disease-, and
treatment-related characteristics associated with the
initiation of biologics for the treatment of RA. RESULTS:
The analysis included 1545 patients from 7 US centers. By
2006, 41.4% of 679 patients remaining in the sample had
received biologics. Initiation of biologics was
significantly associated with greater disability in the
previous 6-month period (per 1-unit increase in Health
Assessment Questionnaire score: odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95%
CI, 1.22-1.72; P < 0.01) and treatment in the previous
period with steroids (OR = 2.24; 95% CI, 1.76-2.85; P <
0.01) or nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
(OR = 2.43; 95% CI, 1.71-3.46; P < 0.01). Two
sociodemographic factors were significant predictors of
decreased use of biologics: older age (per 10 years: OR =
0.74; 95% CI, 0.660.82; P < 0.01) and lower annual income
(per $10,000 reduction: OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00; P =
0.04). There were no significant differences with respect to
sex, race, employment status, comorbidity, previous NSAID
use, or treatment center. CONCLUSIONS: Disease- and
treatment-related factors were significant predictors of the
initiation of biologics for RA. Independent of these
factors, however, biologics were less often used in patients
who were older and those with lower incomes. Use of
biologics increased steadily over the period
studied.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.08.020},
Key = {fds165870}
}
@article{fds165875,
Author = {M Drummond and M Barbieri and J Cook and HA Glick and J Lis and F Malik and SD
Reed, F Rutten and M Sculpher and J Severens},
Title = {Transferability of economic evaluations across
jurisdictions: ISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force
report.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {409-18},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1524-4733},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2008.00489.x},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Data Collection Decision Support
Techniques* Europe Great Britain Humans Models, Economic
United States economics*},
Abstract = {ABSTRACT A growing number of jurisdictions now request
economic data in support of their decision-making procedures
for the pricing and/or reimbursement of health technologies.
Because more jurisdictions request economic data, the burden
on study sponsors and researchers increases. There are many
reasons why the cost-effectiveness of health technologies
might vary from place to place. Therefore, this report of an
ISPOR Good Practices Task Force reviews what national
guidelines for economic evaluation say about
transferability, discusses which elements of data could
potentially vary from place to place, and recommends good
research practices for dealing with aspects of
transferability, including strategies based on the analysis
of individual patient data and based on decision-analytic
modeling.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2008.00489.x},
Key = {fds165875}
}
@article{fds165866,
Author = {SD Reed and KA Schulman},
Title = {Cost utility of sequential adjuvant trastuzumab for
HER2/Neu-positive breast cancer.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {12},
Number = {5},
Pages = {637-40},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1524-4733},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00564.x},
Keywords = {Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Antineoplastic Agents Breast Neoplasms Cost-Benefit Analysis
Drug Costs Economics, Pharmaceutical Female Humans Policy
Making Receptor, erbB-2 drug effects* drug therapy*
economics therapeutic use*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00564.x},
Key = {fds165866}
}
@article{fds165871,
Author = {C Moran and CA Grussemeyer, JR Spalding and DK Benjamin Jr and SD
Reed},
Title = {Candida albicans and non-albicans bloodstream infections in
adult and pediatric patients: comparison of mortality and
costs.},
Journal = {The Pediatric infectious disease journal},
Volume = {28},
Number = {5},
Pages = {433-5},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0891-3668},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e3181920ffd},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Candida Candidiasis Child Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies Fungemia Health Care Costs Hospitalization
Humans Infant Length of Stay Young Adult economics isolation
& purification* microbiology* mortality*},
Abstract = {We compared length of stay, inpatient costs, and mortality
associated with Candida albicans and non-albicans
bloodstream infections in adults and children. Compared with
adults, children with Candida bloodstream infections had
longer lengths of stay (36.7 vs. 20.7 days; P < 0.001) and
higher inpatient costs ($133,871 vs. $56,725; P < 0.001) but
lower mortality (28.3% vs. 43.5%; P < 0.001).},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/INF.0b013e3181920ffd},
Key = {fds165871}
}
@article{fds165874,
Author = {SD Reed and Y Li and KJ Anstrom and KA Schulman},
Title = {Cost effectiveness of ixabepilone plus capecitabine for
metastatic breast cancer progressing after anthracycline and
taxane treatment.},
Journal = {Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the
American Society of Clinical Oncology},
Volume = {27},
Number = {13},
Pages = {2185-91},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1527-7755},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.19.6352},
Keywords = {Anthracyclines Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy
Protocols Breast Neoplasms Bridged Compounds Cost-Benefit
Analysis Deoxycytidine Disease Progression Drug Costs Drug
Resistance, Neoplasm Epothilones Female Fluorouracil Humans
Neoplasm Metastasis Quality-Adjusted Life Years Taxoids
administration & dosage analogs & derivatives drug therapy*
economics mortality pathology therapeutic use therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Using data from a recent randomized trial, we
evaluated the cost effectiveness of ixabepilone plus
capecitabine versus capecitabine alone in patients with
predominantly metastatic breast cancer considered to be
taxane-resistant and previously treated with or resistant to
an anthracycline. METHODS: We developed a stochastic
decision-analytic model to represent data collected in the
trial on medical resource use, health-related quality of
life, and clinical outcomes. Estimates of overall survival
were conditional on level of tumor response. We assigned
monthly costs and utility weights according to periods
defined by the duration of study treatment, time from
discontinuation of the study drug until disease progression,
and from progression until death and were specific to the
level of response and receipt of subsequent therapy. Medical
resources were valued in 2008 US dollars. We performed Monte
Carlo simulations and sensitivity analyses to evaluate model
uncertainty. RESULTS: Overall survival was significantly
associated with level of tumor response (P < .001). Total
costs were estimated at $60,900 for patients receiving
ixabepilone plus capecitabine and $30,000 for patients
receiving capecitabine alone. The estimated gain in life
expectancy with ixabepilone was 1.96 months (95% CI, 1.36 to
2.64 months); the estimated gain in quality-adjusted
survival was 1.06 months (95% CI, 0.09 to 2.03 months). The
resulting incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $359,000
per quality-adjusted life-year (95% CI, $183,000 to
$4,030,000). In sensitivity analyses, the results were
robust to changes in numerous inputs and assumptions.
CONCLUSIONS: Addition of ixabepilone to capecitabine adds
approximately $31,000 to overall medical costs and affords
approximately 1 additional month of quality-adjusted
survival.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1200/JCO.2008.19.6352},
Key = {fds165874}
}
@article{fds165868,
Author = {Y Li and JY Friedman and BF O'Neal and MJ Hohenboken and RI Griffiths and ME Stryjewski and JP Middleton and KA Schulman and JK Inrig and VG
Fowler Jr and SD Reed},
Title = {Outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus infection in
hemodialysis-dependent patients.},
Journal = {Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology :
CJASN},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {428-34},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1555-905X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03760708},
Keywords = {Age Factors Aged Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical* Blood Vessel
Prosthesis Implantation* Double-Blind Method Female Hospital
Costs Hospital Mortality Humans Inpatients Kidney Failure,
Chronic Length of Stay Male Middle Aged Outcome and Process
Assessment (Health Care)* Outpatients Renal Dialysis* Risk
Assessment Risk Factors Staphylococcal Infections
Staphylococcal Vaccines Staphylococcus aureus Time Factors
Treatment Outcome United States adverse effects economics
epidemiology microbiology mortality pathogenicity*
prevention & control* therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of
infection in patients with ESRD. Clinical and economic
outcomes associated with S. aureus bacteremia and other S.
aureus infections in patients with ESRD were examined.
METHODS: Laboratory, clinical, and hospital billing data
from a randomized trial of 3359 hemodialysis-dependent
patients hospitalized with S. aureus infection in the United
States whose vascular access type was fistula or graft and
who were hospitalized with S. aureus infection to evaluate
inpatient costs, hospital days, and mortality over 12 wk
were used. Generalized linear regression was used to
identify independent predictors of 12-wk costs, inpatient
days, and mortality. RESULTS: Of the 279 patients (8.3%) who
developed S. aureus infection during approximately 1 yr of
follow-up, 25.4% were treated as outpatients. Among patients
for whom billing data were available, 89 patients
hospitalized with S. aureus bacteremia incurred mean 12-wk
inpatient costs of $19,454 and 11.9 inpatient days. Among
the 70 patients hospitalized with non-bloodstream S. aureus
infections, mean inpatient costs were $19,222 and the mean
number of inpatient days was 11.3. Twelve-week mortality was
20.2 and 15.7% for patients with S. aureus bloodstream and
non-bloodstream infections, respectively. Older age was
independently associated with higher risk of death among
patients with S. aureus bacteremia and with higher inpatient
costs and more hospital days among patients with
non-bloodstream infections. CONCLUSIONS:
Hemodialysis-dependent patients with fistula or graft access
incur high costs and long inpatient stays when hospitalized
for S. aureus infection.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2215/CJN.03760708},
Key = {fds165868}
}
@article{fds148696,
Author = {SD Reed and KJ Anstrom and DM Seils and RM Califf and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Use of larger versus smaller drug-safety databases before
regulatory approval: the trade-offs.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {27},
Number = {5},
Pages = {w360-70},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1544-5208},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.5.w360},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Databases, Factual* Drug Approval Drug
Industry Drug Toxicity Humans Models, Theoretical Sample
Size United States economics methods* prevention & control*
standards},
Abstract = {Although efforts to revamp the drug-safety system have been
directed at strengthening postmarketing surveillance,
strategies for the preapproval stage may be useful. One
strategy would be to require larger sample sizes in
preapproval safety databases. To evaluate the potential
benefits and costs of this approach, we developed a
hypothetical model to estimate the expected incremental
number of adverse drug events that could be avoided in a
postapproval population. We found that the potential to
limit adverse events can be an important consideration in
sample-size determinations for preapproval trials. Requiring
larger preapproval databases could be a cost-effective means
of reducing adverse events in postapproval
populations.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.27.5.w360},
Key = {fds148696}
}
@article{fds148697,
Author = {T Lalani and VH Chu and CA Grussemeyer and SD Reed and MP Bolognesi and JY
Friedman, RI Griffiths and DR Crosslin and ZA Kanafani and KS Kaye and G
Ralph Corey and VG Fowler},
Title = {Clinical outcomes and costs among patients with
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and orthopedic device
infections.},
Journal = {Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases},
Pages = {1-5},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0036-5548},
Abstract = {We evaluated costs and outcomes of patients with S. aureus
bacteremia and orthopedic device infections (ODI). Patients
with ODI had higher relapse of S. aureus infection, compared
to bacteremic patients without ODI. Costs and outcomes were
similar among ODI patients undergoing device removal and
those treated with debridement and retention.},
Key = {fds148697}
}
@article{fds148695,
Author = {T Takahashi and SD Reed and KA Schulman},
Title = {Cost-effectiveness of the oral adsorbent AST-120 versus
placebo for chronic kidney disease.},
Journal = {Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1440-1797},
Abstract = {Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the
cost-effectiveness of AST-120, an oral adsorbent that
attenuates the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Methods: We developed a Markov model with six health states,
including four levels of serum creatinine, haemodialysis and
death, using data from a randomized clinical trial conducted
in Japan. Direct costs relevant to chronic kidney disease
were calculated from a Japanese reimbursement perspective.
Projected quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and costs were
compared between the AST-120 and placebo groups. The target
population was nondiabetic patients with serum creatinine
levels from 5.0 to 8.0 mg/dL (442-707 micromol/L) at
baseline. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed
to evaluate the stability of the results. Results: At 3
years, mean total costs per patient were estimated at
yen6.67 million (US$56 982) in the AST-120 group and yen9.38
million (US$80 196) in the placebo group. Mean total costs
were yen2.72 million (US$23 205) lower among patients
receiving AST-120. QALY per patient were 0.295
(approximately 3.5 months) greater for patients receiving
AST-120 than for those receiving placebo over 3 years. The
finding that treatment with AST-120 dominated placebo (i.e.
was less costly and resulted in more QALY) was upheld in
sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: The use of AST-120 in
patients with advanced chronic kidney disease may help to
slow the rate of growth in expenditures for kidney
disease.},
Key = {fds148695}
}
@article{fds148699,
Author = {CE Cox and SD Reed and JA Govert and JE Rodgers and S Campbell-Bright and JP Kress and SS Carson},
Title = {Economic evaluation of propofol and lorazepam for critically
ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.},
Journal = {Critical care medicine, United States},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {706-14},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1530-0293},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis Critical Illness Decision Trees Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives Lorazepam Middle Aged Propofol
Respiration, Artificial* economics* therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The economic implications of sedative choice in
the management of patients receiving mechanical ventilation
are unclear because of differences in costs and clinical
outcomes associated with specific sedatives. Therefore, we
aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of the most
commonly used sedatives prescribed for mechanically
ventilated critically ill patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
PATIENTS: Adopting the perspective of a hospital, we
developed a probabilistic decision model to determine
whether continuous propofol or intermittent lorazepam was
associated with greater value when combined with daily
awakenings. We also evaluated the comparative value of
continuous midazolam in secondary analyses. We assumed that
patients were managed in a medical intensive care unit and
expected to require ventilation for > or = 48 hrs. Model
inputs were derived from primary analysis of randomized
controlled trial data, medical literature, Medicare
reimbursement rates, pharmacy databases, and institutional
data. MAIN RESULTS: We measured cost-effectiveness as costs
per mechanical ventilator-free day within the first 28 days
after intubation. Our base-case probabilistic analysis
demonstrated that propofol dominated lorazepam in 91% of
simulations and, on average, was both $6,378 less costly per
patient and associated with more than three additional
mechanical ventilator-free days. The model did not reveal
clinically meaningful differences between propofol and
midazolam on costs or measures of effectiveness. CONCLUSION:
Propofol has superior value compared with lorazepam when
used for sedation among the critically ill who require
mechanical ventilation when used in the setting of daily
sedative interruption.},
Key = {fds148699}
}
@article{fds143551,
Author = {SD Reed and AM Shea and KA Schulman},
Title = {Economic implications of potential changes to regulatory and
reimbursement policies for medical devices.},
Journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
Volume = {23 Suppl 1},
Pages = {50-6},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1525-1497},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0246-9},
Keywords = {Cost Savings Cost-Benefit Analysis Device Approval*
Equipment Design Equipment Safety Equipment and Supplies
Humans Medical Laboratory Science Policy Making
Reimbursement Mechanisms Sensitivity and Specificity United
States United States Food and Drug Administration economics
economics* instrumentation standards*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of regulatory scenarios on
the financial viability of medical device companies.
METHODS: We developed a model to calculate the expected net
present value of a hypothetical product throughout
preclinical development, clinical testing, regulatory
approval, and postmarketing. We tested 3 scenarios: (1) the
current regulatory environment; (2) a scenario in which
medical devices are subject to the same evidence standards
required for pharmaceuticals; and (3) a scenario consistent
with the Coverage with Evidence Development: Coverage with
Study Participation (CSP) policy proposed by the Centers for
Medicare and Medicaid Services, whereby Medicare will pay
for beneficiaries to receive new devices that are not
currently determined to be "reasonable and necessary" if the
patients participate in clinical studies or registries.
RESULTS: When applying assumptions consistent with the
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator market, the net
present value at the start of development was an estimated
$553 million in the current regulatory environment, $322
million in the pharmaceutical scenario, and $403 million in
the CSP scenario. Sensitivity analyses showed that the
device industry would likely be profitable in all 3
scenarios over a range of assumptions. CONCLUSIONS: The
environment in which the medical device industry operates is
financially attractive. Furthermore, when compared with the
alternative of applying the same evidence standards for
pharmaceuticals to medical devices, the CSP policy offers
improved financial incentives for medical device
companies.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11606-007-0246-9},
Key = {fds143551}
}
@article{fds148698,
Author = {SD Reed and KJ Anstrom and Y Li and KA Schulman},
Title = {Updated estimates of survival and cost effectiveness for
imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus low-dose cytarabine
for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid
leukaemia.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {435-46},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
Keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy
Protocols Cytarabine Humans Interferon Type I Leukemia,
Myeloid, Chronic-Phase Piperazines Pyrimidines Randomized
Controlled Trials as Topic Recombinant Proteins Survival
Analysis administration & dosage drug therapy* economics*
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: For trials in which participants are followed
beyond the main study period to assess long-term outcomes,
economic evaluations conducted using short-term data should
be systematically updated to reflect new information.
METHODS: We used 60-month survival data from the IRIS
(International Randomized study of Interferon vs STI571)
trial to update previously published cost-effectiveness
estimates, based on 19 months of follow-up, of imatinib
versus interferon (IFN)-alpha plus low-dose cytarabine in
patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia. For
patients treated with imatinib, we used the 60-month data to
calibrate the survival curves generated from the original
cost-effectiveness model. We used historical data to model
survival for patients randomized to IFNalpha. We updated
costs for medical resources using 2006 Medicare
reimbursement rates and applied average wholesale prices
(AWPs) and wholesale acquisition costs (WACs) to study
medications. RESULTS: Five-year survival for patients
randomized to imatinib was better than predicted in the
original model (89.4% vs 83.2%). We estimated remaining life
expectancy with first-line imatinib to be 19.1 life-years
(3.8 life-years over the original model) and 15.2 QALYs (3.1
QALYs over the original estimate). Estimates for IFNalpha
remained at 9.1 life-years and 6.3 QALYs. When we applied
AWPs to study medications, incremental cost-effectiveness
ratios (ICERs) were $US 51,800-57,500 per QALY. When we
applied WACs, ICERs were $US 42,000-46,200 per QALY.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the analysis revealed that the
original survival estimates were conservative, the updated
cost-effectiveness ratios were consistent with, or slightly
higher than, the original estimates, depending on the method
for assigning costs to study medications.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds148698}
}
@article{fds143552,
Author = {AM Shea and SD Reed and LH Curtis and MJ Alexander and JJ Villani and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Characteristics of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in
the United States in 2003.},
Journal = {Neurosurgery, United States},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1131-7; discussion 1137-8},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-4040},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Substantial progress has been made in the
diagnosis and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
However, studies of SAH in the United States do not include
information more recent than 2001, precluding analysis of
shifts in treatment methods. We examined the epidemiology
and in-hospital outcomes of nontraumatic SAH in the United
States. METHODS: We analyzed nationally representative data
from the 2003 Nationwide Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare
Cost and Utilization Project to determine demographic and
hospital characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital
outcomes of patients with nontraumatic SAH. RESULTS: In
2003, there were an estimated 31,476 discharges for
nontraumatic SAH among patients aged 17 years or older, or
14.5 discharges per 100,000 adults. The in-hospital
mortality rate was 25.3%. Microvascular clipping was
performed in 7513 discharges, or 23.9% of inpatients with
nontraumatic SAH; endovascular coiling was performed in 2849
discharges (9.1%). Adjusted odds of treatment with either
procedure were significantly higher in urban teaching
hospitals compared with urban nonteaching hospitals (odds
ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.62) or rural
hospitals (odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval,
1.93-4.91). CONCLUSION: The in-hospital mortality rate
associated with nontraumatic SAH continues to exceed 25%.
Although it is unclear how many patients with nontraumatic
SAH were actually diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm, this
study suggests that less than one-third of patients
hospitalized for SAH receive surgical or endovascular
treatment. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate
either what systematic coding error is occurring in the
national database or why patients may not receive treatment
to secure a ruptured aneurysm.},
Key = {fds143552}
}
@article{fds79912,
Author = {SD Reed and RM Califf and KA Schulman},
Title = {How changes in drug-safety regulations affect the way drug
and biotech companies invest in innovation.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1309-17},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1544-5208},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.25.5.1309},
Keywords = {Biotechnology Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Diffusion
of Innovation Drug Industry Government Regulation* Humans
Investments Safety United States United States Food and Drug
Administration economics* legislation & jurisprudence},
Abstract = {Changes in the economics of product development resulting
from heightened safety regulations could have a sizable
negative impact on drug and biotechnology companies'
decisions about investing in innovation. We developed a
model to compare the potential economic effects of pre- and
postmarketing strategies to identify safety problems with
new drugs. Although expanding Phase III clinical testing and
postmarketing safety surveillance are not perfect
substitutes, our findings suggest that even a large increase
in funding for the latter will have a relatively small
adverse impact on investment decisions by drug companies and
venture capital firms, compared with the
former.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.5.1309},
Key = {fds79912}
}
@article{fds79913,
Author = {DJ Whellan and SD Reed and L Liao and SD Gould and CM O'connor and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Financial implications of a model heart failure disease
management program for providers, hospital, healthcare
systems, and payer perspectives.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology, United
States},
Volume = {99},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-60},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Cost Savings Efficiency, Organizational Financial
Management* Heart Failure, Congestive Hospital Costs* Humans
Insurance, Health, Reimbursement Models, Economic* Outcome
Assessment (Health Care) Physician Incentive Plans Practice
Management, Medical Primary Health Care Prospective Payment
System United States economics economics*
therapy*},
Abstract = {Although heart failure disease management (HFDM) programs
improve patient outcomes, the implementation of these
programs has been limited because of financial barriers. We
undertook the present study to understand the economic
incentives and disincentives for adoption of disease
management strategies from the perspectives of a physician
(group), a hospital, an integrated health system, and a
third-party payer. Using the combined results of a group of
randomized controlled trials and a set of financial
assumptions from a single academic medical center, a
financial model was developed to compute the expected costs
before and after the implementation of a HFDM program by 3
provider types (physicians, hospitals, and health systems),
as well as the costs incurred from a payer perspective. The
base-case model showed that implementation of HFDM results
in a net financial loss to all potential providers of HFDM.
Implementation of HFDM as described in our base-case
analysis would create a net loss of US dollars 179,549 in
the first year for a physician practice, US dollars 464,132
for an integrated health system, and US dollars 652,643 in
the first year for a hospital. Third-party payers would be
able to save US dollars 713,661 annually for the care of 350
patients with heart failure in a HFDM program. In
conclusion, although HFDM programs may provide patients with
improved clinical outcomes and decreased hospitalizations
that save third-party payers money, limited financial
incentives are currently in place for healthcare providers
and hospitals to initiate these programs.},
Key = {fds79913}
}
@article{fds79914,
Title = {Reed SD, Califf RM, Schulman KA. Is there a price to pay for
short-term savings in the clinical development of new
pharmaceutical products? Drug Inf J. 2007;41:491-499.},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds79914}
}
@article{fds79896,
Author = {FM Torti Jr and SD Reed and KA Schulman},
Title = {Analytic considerations in economic evaluations of
multinational cardiovascular clinical trials.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {9},
Number = {5},
Pages = {281-91},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1098-3015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00117.x},
Keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases Cost-Benefit Analysis Data
Interpretation, Statistical Health Services Research
Hospital Costs Humans Internationality* Multicenter Studies
as Topic Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Survival
Analysis United States economics* methods methods*
mortality},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The growing number of economic evaluations that
use data collected in multinational clinical trials raises
numerous questions regarding their execution and
interpretation. Although recommendations for conducting
economic evaluations have been widely disseminated,
relatively little guidance has been given for conducting
economic evaluations alongside clinical trials, particularly
multinational trials. METHODS: Building on a literature
review that was conducted in preparation for an expert
workshop, we evaluated a subset of methodological issues
related to conducting economic evaluations alongside
multinational clinical trials. RESULTS: We found wide
variation in the types of costs included as part of the
analyses and in the methods used to assign costs to
hospitalization events. Furthermore, we found that the
extrapolation of costs and survival outcomes beyond the
trial period is an inconsistent practice and is often not
dependent on whether a survival benefit was observed in the
trial or on the epidemiology or practice patterns in the
country to which the findings are directed. CONCLUSIONS:
Although the limited sample size precluded a quantitative
analysis of trial characteristics and their associations
with the methodologies employed, our findings highlight the
need for more guidance to analysts regarding the execution
of economic evaluations using data from multinational
clinical trials. As the research community grapples with the
complexities of methodological and logistical issues
involved in multinational economic evaluations, the
development of a standardized format to report the basic
methodological characteristics of such studies would help to
improve transparency and comparability for other analysts
and decision-makers.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00117.x},
Key = {fds79896}
}
@article{fds79910,
Author = {SD Reed and JJ McMurray and EJ Velazquez and KA Schulman and RM Califf and L Kober and AP Maggioni and F Van de Werf and HD White and R Diaz and V
Mareev, J Murin and VALIANT Committees and Investigators},
Title = {Geographic variation in the treatment of acute myocardial
infarction in the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion
(VALIANT) trial.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {152},
Number = {3},
Pages = {500-8},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2006.02.032},
Keywords = {Aged Captopril Drug Therapy, Combination Female Humans
Internationality* Male Middle Aged Multicenter Studies as
Topic* Myocardial Infarction Randomized Controlled Trials as
Topic* Tetrazoles Valine Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
administration & dosage administration & dosage* analogs &
derivatives* complications drug therapy drug therapy*
epidemiology epidemiology* etiology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The VALIANT trial compared the efficacy and
safety of captopril, valsartan, and their combination in
patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, heart
failure, or both after acute myocardial infarction (MI). By
examining this international trial population of high-risk
patients, we sought to determine geographic variations in
the use of 3 key treatments for MI. METHODS: We analyzed
data from 14,512 high-risk patients with MI in the VALIANT
trial from the 20 countries that had enrolled >100 patients.
International variation in the proportion of patients
receiving (1) reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis or primary
percutaneous coronary intervention), (2) beta-blockers, or
(3) aspirin at the time of MI was measured by using adjusted
W scores. These scores correspond to the number of
additional or fewer patients who received each of the
therapies compared with the number expected, as estimated
from multivariable regression models that account for
patients' baseline characteristics. RESULTS: There was
marked variation between countries in the use of reperfusion
therapy (equivalent to a difference of up to 36/100
potentially eligible patients) and beta-blockers (41/100),
whereas there was much less variation in the use of aspirin
(13/100). CONCLUSIONS: Marked geographic variation persists
in the use of standard evidence-based therapy advocated by
international guidelines. Our findings have implications not
only for care of patients but also for the conduct of
international trials.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2006.02.032},
Key = {fds79910}
}
@article{fds79915,
Author = {JK Inrig and SD Reed and LA Szczech and JJ Engemann and JY Friedman and GR
Corey, KA Schulman and LB Reller and VG Fowler},
Title = {Relationship between clinical outcomes and vascular access
type among hemodialysis patients with Staphylococcus aureus
bacteremia.},
Journal = {Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology :
CJASN, United States},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {518-24},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1555-905X},
Keywords = {Bacteremia Catheters, Indwelling* Costs and Cost Analysis
Female Hospitalization Humans Kidney Failure, Chronic Male
Middle Aged Prospective Studies Renal Dialysis*
Staphylococcal Infections Treatment Outcome adverse effects
complications economics etiology therapy
therapy*},
Abstract = {The association between hemodialysis vascular access type,
costs, and outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB)
among patients with ESRD remains incompletely characterized.
This study was undertaken to compare resource utilization,
costs, and clinical outcomes among SAB-infected patients
with ESRD by hemodialysis access type. Adjusted comparisons
of costs and outcomes were based on multivariable linear
regression and multivariable logistic regression models,
respectively. A total of 143 hospitalized
hemodialysis-dependent patients had SAB at Duke University
Medical Center between July 1996 and August 2001. A total of
111 (77.6%) patients were hospitalized as a result of
suspected bacteremia; 32 (22.4%) were hospitalized for other
reasons. Of the 111 patients, 59.5% (n = 66) had catheters
as their primary access type, 36% (n = 40) had arteriovenous
(AV) grafts, and 4.5% (n = 5) had AV fistulas. Patients with
fistulas were excluded from analyses because of small
numbers. Patients with catheters were more likely to be
white, had shorter dialysis vintage, and had higher Acute
Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores compared
with patients with grafts. Unadjusted 12-wk mortality did
not significantly differ between patients with catheters
compared with patients with grafts (22.7 versus 10.0%; P =
0.098); neither did 12-wk costs differ by access type
($22,944 +/- 18,278 versus $23,969 +/- 13,731, catheter
versus graft; P > 0.05). In adjusted analyses, there was no
difference in 12-wk mortality (odds ratio 1.63; 95%
confidence interval 0.29 to 9.02; catheter versus graft) or
12-wk costs (means ratio 0.84; 95% confidence interval 0.60
to 1.17; catheter versus graft) among SAB-infected patients
with ESRD on the basis of hemodialysis access type.
Twelve-week mortality and costs that are associated with an
episode of SAB are high in hemodialysis patients, regardless
of vascular access type. Efforts should focus on the
prevention of SAB in this high-risk group.},
Key = {fds79915}
}
@article{fds79906,
Author = {BD Alexander and ED Ashley and LB Reller and SD Reed},
Title = {Cost savings with implementation of PNA FISH testing for
identification of Candida albicans in blood
cultures.},
Journal = {Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, United
States},
Volume = {54},
Number = {4},
Pages = {277-82},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0732-8893},
Keywords = {Antifungal Agents Candida albicans Candidiasis Cost Savings
Fungemia Humans In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Peptide
Nucleic Acids* Peptides, Cyclic diagnosis* drug therapy
economics economics* genetics isolation & purification*
methods therapeutic use},
Abstract = {Antifungal expenditures are substantial for many hospitals.
Using caspofungin for the treatment of candidemia accounts
for a sizable proportion of the costs. A cost minimization
study that used a decision analytic model was done to
compare in-hospital diagnosis and treatment costs using the
Candida albicans peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ
hybridization (PNA FISH) test versus the C. albicans screen
test for differentiating C. albicans from non-albicans
Candida species bloodstream infections. Assuming physician
notification of yeast identity concurrent with blood culture
positivity, potential savings resulting from use of the C.
albicans PNA FISH test compared with the C. albicans screen
test averaged $1837 per patient treated, although laboratory
costs for doing the C. albicans PNA FISH test ($82.72)
exceeded those for the C. albicans screen test ($2.83).
Savings were realized through a decrease in antifungal drug
costs, particularly caspofungin. Incorporating the C.
albicans PNA FISH test as part of the initial identification
algorithm for yeasts recovered from blood can result in
substantial savings for hospitals.},
Key = {fds79906}
}
@article{fds79899,
Author = {SD Reed and JI Radeva and DB Daniel and SH Mody and JB Forlenza and RS
McKenzie, KA Schulman},
Title = {Economic evaluation of weekly epoetin alfa versus biweekly
darbepoetin alfa for chemotherapy-induced anaemia: evidence
from a 16-week randomised trial.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {479-94},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Anemia Antineoplastic Agents Blood
Transfusion Drug Administration Schedule Erythropoietin
Fees, Medical Female Health Care Costs* Hematinics
Hematologic Tests Hospitalization Humans Male Middle Aged
Office Visits Recombinant Proteins Treatment Outcome United
States administration & dosage* adverse effects* analogs &
derivatives* chemically induced* drug therapy* economics
statistics & numerical data therapeutic use
utilization},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: A 16-week, open-label, multicentre, randomised
trial of weekly epoetin alfa 40 000 units versus biweekly
darbepoetin alfa 200microg among 358 patients with
solid-tumour cancers and chemotherapy-induced anaemia
demonstrated superior haematological outcomes with epoetin
alfa. We sought to compare resource use, costs and clinical
outcomes between treatment groups and report the results
using a cost-consequences framework. METHODS: Pre-specified
methods were used to assign costs (US dollars, year 2004-5
values) to medical resources and patient time using a
societal perspective. Costs for inpatient care, outpatient
care and physician services were based on US Medicare
reimbursement rates. Indirect costs assigned to patient time
spent receiving study medication were based on the mean
hourly wage in the US. In the base-case analysis, the
average wholesale price was used to assign costs to
medications. Clinical outcomes included all haemoglobin
levels and transfusions recorded throughout the trial.
Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the impact
of different costing methods, cost sources, perspectives and
methods to assign haemoglobin values following a blood
transfusion. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up duration of 11.8
weeks, the average cost of study medications and their
administration was the single largest component of total
costs and was similar between groups (epoetin alfa 5979 US
dollars and darbepoetin alfa 5935 US dollars, difference 44
US dollars; 95% CI -590, 692). There were no significant
differences in the proportions of patients hospitalised
(epoetin alfa 24.6%, darbepoetin alfa 22.0%; p = 0.57).
Patients randomised to epoetin alfa experienced more
inpatient days, on average, than patients randomised to
darbepoetin alfa (2.6 vs 1.6, 95% CI for the difference,
0.07, 2.27). However, with regard to transfusions, patients
in the epoetin alfa arm required fewer units of blood than
patients in the darbepoetin alfa arm (0.46 vs 0.88, 95% CI
for the difference -0.77, -0.08). Mean total costs,
comprising costs for study medications and their
administration, inpatient care, transfusions, unplanned
radiation therapy, haematology and laboratory services,
chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy drugs and indirect costs
were 14,976 US dollars in the epoetin alfa arm compared with
14,101 US dollars in the darbepoetin alfa arm, a difference
of 875 US dollars (95% CI for difference -849, 2607), of
which 98% of the difference was attributable to higher
inpatient costs in the epoetin alfa arm (2374 US dollars vs
1520 US dollars; 95% CI for difference -33, 1955).
Assessments of multiple clinical measures demonstrated
improved outcomes with epoetin alfa relative to darbepoetin
alfa. CONCLUSIONS: Most clinical outcome measures suggested
greater improvement with epoetin alfa relative to
darbepoetin alfa, but most costs for both agents appeared
similar. Decision makers must evaluate the differences in
costs and efficacy measures that are most relevant from
their perspectives.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds79899}
}
@article{fds79911,
Author = {VH Chu and DR Crosslin and JY Friedman and SD Reed and CH Cabell and RI
Griffiths, LE Masselink and KS Kaye and GR Corey and LB Reller and ME
Stryjewski, KA Schulman and VG Fowler},
Title = {Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with prosthetic
devices: costs and outcomes.},
Journal = {The American journal of medicine, United
States},
Volume = {118},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1416},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1555-7162},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Bacteremia Cross Infection Female Health Care
Costs Health Services Humans Inpatients Male Middle Aged
Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Prostheses and Implants
Retrospective Studies Staphylococcal Infections
Staphylococcus aureus adverse effects* economics* etiology*
pathogenicity statistics & numerical data*
utilization},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Although Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause
of nosocomial infection, little is known about the impact of
S. aureus bacteremia on patients with prosthetic devices.
This investigation sought to define the clinical outcome,
health care resource use, and infection-associated costs of
S. aureus bacteremia in patients with prostheses. SUBJECTS
AND METHODS: All hospitalized patients with a prosthetic
device and S. aureus bacteremia during the 96-month study
period were identified prospectively. Clinical data were
collected at the time of hospitalization. Data regarding
infection-related resource utilization and infection-related
costs within 12 weeks of the initial bacteremia were also
recorded. RESULTS: 298 patients with > or =1 prosthesis and
S. aureus bacteremia were identified (cardiovascular
device--122 patients, orthopedic device--73 patients,
long-term catheter--71 patients, and other devices-32
patients). Overall, 58% of patients underwent surgery as a
consequence of the infection. Infection-related
complications occurred in 41% and the overall 12-week
mortality was 27%. The mean infection-related cost was 67439
dollars for patients with hospital-acquired S. aureus
bacteremia and 37868 dollars for community-acquired S.
aureus bacteremia (cost difference 29571 dollars; 95%
confidence interval, 14370 dollars-49826 dollars). Rates of
device infection, complications, 12-week mortality, and mean
cost varied by prosthesis type. CONCLUSION: S. aureus
bacteremia in patients with prosthetic devices is associated
with frequent complications, substantial cost, and
significant health care resource utilization.},
Key = {fds79911}
}
@article{fds79907,
Author = {SD Reed and JI Radeva and DB Daniel and JM Fastenau and D Williams and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Early hemoglobin response and alternative metrics of
efficacy with erythropoietic agents for chemotherapy-related
anemia.},
Journal = {Current medical research and opinion},
Volume = {21},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1527-33},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0300-7995},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1185/030079905X65394},
Keywords = {Anemia Antineoplastic Agents Blood Transfusion
Erythropoietin Female Follow-Up Studies Hemoglobins Humans
Male Middle Aged Neoplasms Recombinant Proteins Sensitivity
and Specificity Treatment Outcome adverse effects analysis*
blood chemically induced* complications drug therapy
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between early hemoglobin
response and alternative measures of efficacy following
treatment with an erythropoietic agent for
chemotherapy-related anemia. METHODS: Preliminary data from
an ongoing randomized, multicenter, 16-week, open-label
clinical trial of epoetin alfa versus darbepoetin alfa were
used to dichotomize patients based on attainment of early
hemoglobin response (> or = 1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin
level within 4 weeks of treatment initiation). Measures of
efficacy were compared between patients with early
hemoglobin response and those without. Sensitivity analyses
were then performed to evaluate the impact of various
methods for handling censored data and hemoglobin values
following blood transfusion. METHODS: Efficacy measures
included: the proportion of patients with a > or = 1 g/dL
increase in hemoglobin by 4 weeks or a > or = 2 g/dL
increase by 8 weeks; mean hemoglobin levels at 4, 8, 12, and
16 weeks; area under the curve for change in hemoglobin
level; proportion of patients who required a blood
transfusion after 4 weeks; proportion of follow-up days on
which patients had hemoglobin levels within the therapeutic
range of 11 g/dL to 13 g/dL; and proportion of patients who
never had a hemoglobin level within this range. RESULTS: A
total of 274 patients were included (66.1% female, mean age
62.4), of whom 48.9% had an early hemoglobin response and
51.1% did not. Mean duration of follow-up was 10.1 +/- 5.05
weeks. All metrics indicated superior longer-term response
among patients with early hemoglobin response compared to
patients without early response. The findings were robust
across sensitivity analyses. Although the analysis
establishes a significant relationship between early
hemoglobin response and alternative efficacy metrics,
causality cannot be inferred. CONCLUSIONS: Early hemoglobin
response is significantly associated with various metrics of
clinical response to erythropoietic agents and is an
appropriate measure for evaluating treatment
effects.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1185/030079905X65394},
Key = {fds79907}
}
@article{fds79897,
Author = {J Chang and TL Kauf and S Mahajan and JM Jordan and VB Kraus and TP Vail and SD Reed and MA Omar and KH Kahler and KA Schulman},
Title = {Impact of disease severity and gastrointestinal side effects
on the health state preferences of patients with
osteoarthritis.},
Journal = {Arthritis and rheumatism, United States},
Volume = {52},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2366-75},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0004-3591},
Keywords = {Aged Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Female
Gastrointestinal Diseases Health Status* Humans Male Middle
Aged Osteoarthritis Patient Satisfaction* Severity of
Illness Index adverse effects* chemically induced* drug
therapy* physiopathology* therapeutic use},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the health state preferences of
patients with osteoarthritis (OA) according to the level of
pain and disability and the extent of gastrointestinal side
effects from nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
METHODS: Using combinations of 5 OA health states (4
specifying medication use) and 6 gastrointestinal side
effect profiles, we developed 25 scenarios. In an Internet
survey, adults with OA evaluated 5 randomly chosen health
state-side effect scenarios (in addition to scenarios for
congestive heart failure and wearing dentures, as
benchmarks). They rated the scenarios on a 0-100 scale, in
which 100 corresponds to best imaginable health. Unadjusted
mean ratings were calculated using a difference-in-difference
approach. A generalized linear model was used to estimate
the effects of disease severity and side effect severity on
the ratings, after controlling for patient characteristics.
RESULTS: A total of 4,386 respondents whose mean age was
55.3 years, of whom 3,107 (70.8%) were women and 4,007
(91.4%) were white, completed the survey. Mean adjusted
ratings for health state-side effect scenarios ranged from
94.9 for the mildest scenario to 25.3 for the most severe
scenario. Severity of NSAID side effects had a greater
negative influence on the ratings in milder OA states than
in more severe OA states. Ratings were lower among men (P <
0.001) and among respondents with OA pain in the previous 24
hours (P < 0.001). Disease severity had a greater effect on
ratings than did side effect severity. CONCLUSION: Patients
consider pain and functional limitations associated with OA
to be important determinants of well-being. Future research
should attempt to determine whether patients prefer
reductions in their OA-related pain and disability over
improvements in treatment side effect profiles.},
Key = {fds79897}
}
@article{fds79898,
Author = {SD Reed and JI Radeva and KP Weinfurt and JJ McMurray and MA Pfeffer and EJ
Velazquez, JS Allsbrook and LE Masselink and MA Sellers and RM
Califf, KA Schulman and VALIANT Investigators},
Title = {Resource use, costs, and quality of life among patients in
the multinational Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Trial (VALIANT).},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {150},
Number = {2},
Pages = {323-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.037},
Keywords = {Ambulatory Care Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Captopril Drug
Costs Health Care Costs Health Resources Heart Failure
Hospital Costs Hospitalization Humans Myocardial Infarction
Prospective Studies Quality of Life Tetrazoles Valine
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left World Health analogs &
derivatives* complications drug therapy drug therapy*
economics etiology psychology statistics & numerical data
therapeutic use therapeutic use* utilization
utilization*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In a multinational clinical trial, valsartan was
statistically not inferior to captopril in reducing
mortality and cardiovascular morbidity after myocardial
infarction (MI) in patients with signs of heart failure
and/or left ventricular dysfunction. We conducted a
prospective economic evaluation to compare within-trial
resource use, costs, and quality of life in patients
receiving valsartan, captopril, or both after MI. METHODS:
We assigned country-specific unit costs to resource use data
for 14703 patients and measured health-related quality of
life in a subset of 4524 patients. We used the nonparametric
bootstrap method to compare rates of resource use and costs,
and a piecewise linear mixed-effects regression analysis to
compare longitudinal measures of quality of life. RESULTS:
There were no significant differences in rates of resource
use between the valsartan and captopril groups. During an
average follow-up of 2 years, total costs for patients
receiving valsartan were significantly higher than for
patients receiving captopril (USD 14103 vs USD 13038; 95% CI
USD 369-USD 1875). The cost differential was caused
primarily by the cost of the study medications (USD 1056 for
valsartan vs USD 165 for captopril; 95% CI USD 867 to USD
912). Quality of life did not differ significantly between
groups. CONCLUSIONS: For most patients at high risk after
MI, the availability of generic captopril confers a cost
advantage over valsartan because of lower medication costs.
The difference will be smaller or nonexistent in settings
where brand-name ACE inhibitors are prescribed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.037},
Key = {fds79898}
}
@article{fds79904,
Author = {JJ Engemann and JY Friedman and SD Reed and RI Griffiths and LA Szczech and KS Kaye and ME Stryjewski and LB Reller and KA Schulman and GR Corey and VG
Fowler},
Title = {Clinical outcomes and costs due to Staphylococcus aureus
bacteremia among patients receiving long-term
hemodialysis.},
Journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official
journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of
America, United States},
Volume = {26},
Number = {6},
Pages = {534-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0899-823X},
Keywords = {Academic Medical Centers Adult Ambulatory Care Bacteremia
Cost of Illness Cross Infection Fees, Medical Female
Hospital Costs Humans Kidney Failure, Chronic Length of Stay
Linear Models Male Middle Aged North Carolina Patient
Readmission Prospective Studies Renal Dialysis
Staphylococcal Infections Staphylococcus aureus* Treatment
Outcome adverse effects* economics economics* epidemiology
etiology mortality statistics & numerical data statistics &
numerical data* therapy},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical outcomes and costs
associated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia among
hemodialysis-dependent patients. DESIGN: Prospectively
identified cohort study. SETTING: A tertiary-care university
medical center in North Carolina. PATIENTS: Two hundred ten
hemodialysis-dependent adults with end-stage renal disease
hospitalized with S. aureus bacteremia. RESULTS: The
majority of the patients (117; 55.7%) underwent dialysis via
tunneled catheters, and 29.5% (62) underwent dialysis via
synthetic arteriovenous fistulas. Vascular access was the
suspected source of bacteremia in 185 patients (88.1%).
Complications occurred in 31.0% (65), and the overall
12-week mortality rate was 19.0% (40). The mean cost of
treating S. aureus bacteremia, including readmissions and
outpatient costs, was $24,034 per episode. The mean initial
hospitalization cost was significantly greater for patients
with complicated versus uncomplicated S. aureus bacteremia
($32,462 vs $17,011; P = .002). CONCLUSION: Interventions to
decrease the rate of S. aureus bacteremia are needed in this
high-risk, hemodialysis-dependent population.},
Key = {fds79904}
}
@article{fds79903,
Author = {SD Reed and KJ Anstrom and A Bakhai and AH Briggs and RM Califf and DJ
Cohen, MF Drummond and HA Glick and A Gnanasakthy and MA Hlatky and BJ
O'Brien, FM Torti Jr and AA Tsiatis and AR Willan and DB Mark and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Conducting economic evaluations alongside multinational
clinical trials: toward a research consensus.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {149},
Number = {3},
Pages = {434-43},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.11.001},
Keywords = {Clinical Trials as Topic Costs and Cost Analysis Forecasting
Health Care Costs Health Resources Humans Internationality
Multicenter Studies as Topic Research Design Resource
Allocation Terminology as Topic Treatment Outcome United
States classification classification* economics* methods
methods* trends},
Abstract = {Demand for economic evaluations in multinational clinical
trials is increasing, but there is little consensus about
how such studies should be conducted and reported. At a
workshop in Durham, North Carolina, we sought to identify
areas of agreement about how the primary findings of
economic evaluations in multinational clinical trials should
be generated and presented. In this paper, we propose a
framework for classifying multinational economic evaluations
according to (a) the sources of an analyst's estimates of
resource use and clinical effectiveness and (b) the
analyst's method of estimating costs. We review existing
studies in the cardiology literature in the context of the
proposed framework. We then describe important
methodological and practical considerations in conducting
multinational economic evaluations and summarize the
advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Finally, we
describe opportunities for future research. Delineation of
the various approaches to multinational economic evaluation
may assist researchers, peer reviewers, journal editors, and
decision makers in evaluating the strengths and limitations
of particular studies.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2004.11.001},
Key = {fds79903}
}
@article{fds79894,
Author = {JI Radeva and SD Reed and Z Kaló and TL Kauf and E Cantu and N Cretin and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Economic evaluation of everolimus vs. azathioprine at one
year after de novo heart transplantation.},
Journal = {Clinical transplantation, Denmark},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0902-0063},
Keywords = {Azathioprine Clinical Trials Cytomegalovirus Infections
Female Heart Transplantation Humans Immunosuppressive Agents
Incidence Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Sirolimus
Treatment Outcome adverse effects analogs & derivatives*
economics epidemiology immunology immunology* therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Everolimus decreases acute rejection and cardiac
allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation. We
compared within-trial costs and resource use over 1 yr of
follow-up in de novo heart transplant patients randomized to
everolimus 1.5 mg/d (n = 209), everolimus 3.0 mg/d (n =
211), or azathioprine (n = 214). PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Resource use data were collected prospectively for 634
patients from 14 countries. We used the nonparametric
bootstrap method to test for differences in mean costs and
to estimate confidence intervals for cost-effectiveness
ratios. RESULTS: Everolimus patients had lower incidence of
efficacy failure compared with azathioprine patients (41.6%,
everolimus 1.5 mg; 32.2%, everolimus 3.0 mg; 52.8%,
azathioprine). Compared with patients receiving
azathioprine, everolimus patients spent more days in the
hospital [36.3 d for everolimus 1.5 mg/d (p = 0.21); 38.4 d
for everolimus 3.0 mg/d (p = 0.01); 32.2 d for
azathioprine]. Mean total costs, excluding the study
medications, were not significantly different among
treatment groups ($72 065 for everolimus 1.5 mg; $72 631 for
everolimus 3.0 mg; $70 815 for azathioprine). CONCLUSIONS:
Over 1 yr of follow-up after heart transplantation,
everolimus did not significantly increase treatment costs,
excluding the costs of the study medications, while reducing
efficacy failure. Longer follow-up and the cost of
everolimus are required to fully evaluate the
cost-effectiveness of everolimus vs. azathioprine in
post-transplant maintenance.},
Key = {fds79894}
}
@article{fds79908,
Author = {SD Reed and JI Radeva and GA Glendenning and RE Coleman and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Economic evaluation of zoledronic acid versus pamidronate
for the prevention of skeletal-related events in metastatic
breast cancer and multiple myeloma.},
Journal = {American journal of clinical oncology, United
States},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {8-16},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1537-453X},
Keywords = {Ambulatory Care Bone Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Costs and
Cost Analysis Diphosphonates Female Hospitalization Humans
Imidazoles Male Middle Aged Multiple Myeloma Randomized
Controlled Trials drug therapy economics economics*
pathology secondary* therapeutic use},
Abstract = {Skeletal complications of cancer decrease health-related
quality of life. Bisphosphonates can prevent
skeletal-related events. We collected resource use data
prospectively for 930 patients alongside a multinational
trial of zoledronic acid versus pamidronate for patients
with metastatic multiple myeloma or breast cancer and > or
=1 bone lesion. Country-specific unit costs were assigned to
counts of resource use from randomization through last trial
visit. Total costs were calculated by summing costs for
medical resources, plus costs of institutional care and
study medications and administration. Resource use was
similar for both groups. Approximately half of the patients
were hospitalized at least once during the mean follow-up of
10 months (52.8% for zoledronic acid versus 52.6% for
pamidronate; P = 0.9504). The average number of hospital
days was 8.9 for zoledronic acid versus 9.2 for pamidronate
(P = 0.728). The mean total cost was 16,434 dollars for
zoledronic acid and 15,735 dollars for pamidronate, an
incremental cost of 699 dollars (95% confidence interval
[CI], -1047 to 2163). Mean total costs for patients with
multiple myeloma were 1982 dollars (95% CI, -1491 to 5335)
higher for zoledronic acid (17,958 dollars) than for
pamidronate (15,976 dollars). However, among patients with
breast cancer, total costs in both groups were approximately
equal (15,703 dollars for zoledronic acid versus 15,680
dollars for pamidronate; 95% CI for the difference: -1875 to
2012). There were no significant cost differences between
patients receiving zoledronic acid and those receiving
pamidronate.},
Key = {fds79908}
}
@article{fds79909,
Author = {SD Reed and JY Friedman and JJ Engemann and RI Griffiths and KJ Anstrom and KS Kaye and ME Stryjewski and LA Szczech and LB Reller and GR Corey and KA
Schulman, VG Fowler Jr},
Title = {Costs and outcomes among hemodialysis-dependent patients
with methicillin-resistant or methicillin-susceptible
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.},
Journal = {Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official
journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of
America},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {175-83},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0899-823X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502523},
Keywords = {APACHE Aged Bacteremia Comorbidity Female Hospitalization
Humans Kidney Failure, Chronic Length of Stay Male
Methicillin Methicillin Resistance* Middle Aged Prospective
Studies Renal Dialysis Staphylococcal Infections
Staphylococcus aureus Treatment Outcome classification
complications drug effects* economics economics* mortality
pathogenicity pharmacology therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Comorbid conditions have complicated previous
analyses of the consequences of methicillin resistance for
costs and outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. We
compared costs and outcomes of methicillin resistance in
patients with S. aureus bacteremia and a single chronic
condition. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study
of hemodialysis-dependent patients with end-stage renal
disease and S. aureus bacteremia hospitalized between July
1996 and August 2001. We used propensity scores to reduce
bias when comparing patients with methicillin-resistant
(MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) S. aureus
bacteremia. Outcome measures were resource use, direct
medical costs, and clinical outcomes at 12 weeks after
initial hospitalization. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients
(37.8%) had MRSA and 89 patients (62.2%) had MSSA. Compared
with patients with MSSA bacteremia, patients with MRSA
bacteremia were more likely to have acquired the infection
while hospitalized for another condition (27.8% vs 12.4%; P
= .02). To attribute all inpatient costs to S. aureus
bacteremia, we limited the analysis to 105 patients admitted
for suspected S. aureus bacteremia from a community setting.
Adjusted costs were higher for MRSA bacteremia for the
initial hospitalization (21,251 dollars vs 13,978 dollars; P
= .012) and after 12 weeks (25,518 dollars vs 17,354
dollars; P = .015). At 12 weeks, patients with MRSA
bacteremia were more likely to die (adjusted odds ratio,
5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 18.7) than were
patients with MSSA bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS:
Community-dwelling, hemodialysis-dependent patients
hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia face a higher mortality
risk, longer hospital stays, and higher inpatient costs than
do patients with MSSA bacteremia.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1086/502523},
Key = {fds79909}
}
@article{fds79895,
Author = {MM Kitahata and SD Reed and PW Dillingham and SE Van Rompaey and AA
Young, RD Harrington and KK Holmes},
Title = {Pharmacy-based assessment of adherence to HAART predicts
virologic and immunologic treatment response and clinical
progression to AIDS and death.},
Journal = {International journal of STD & AIDS, England},
Volume = {15},
Number = {12},
Pages = {803-10},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0956-4624},
Keywords = {Adult Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active* CD4 Lymphocyte
Count Cohort Studies Disease Progression Drug Monitoring*
Female HIV Infections* Humans Male Middle Aged Patient
Compliance* Pharmacy* Predictive Value of Tests RNA, Viral
Treatment Outcome Viral Load blood drug therapy immunology
mortality virology},
Abstract = {Although adherence to HAART at a level above 95% has been
associated with optimal viral suppression, the impact of
different levels of adherence on long-term clinical outcomes
has not been determined. We used an objective pharmacy-based
measure to examine the association between three levels of
adherence to HAART and disease progression among a
population-based cohort of HIV-infected patients attending
an urban HIV specialty clinic. Higher levels of adherence to
HAART were significantly associated with longer time to
virologic failure (P < 0.001), greater increase in CD4 cell
count (P = 0.04), and lower risk of progression to clinical
AIDS or death (P < 0.007). After controlling for other
factors, patients with low adherence had over five times the
risk of disease progression than patients with moderate
adherence (P = 0.007) or patients with high adherence (P =
0.001). There was no significant difference in the risk of
progression between patients with moderate and high levels
of adherence (P > 0.2). Patients who progressed to AIDS or
death had significantly higher viral loads (P = 0.01) and
lower CD4 cell counts (P = 0.03) than patients who
experienced virologic failure, but did not
progress.},
Key = {fds79895}
}
@article{fds79901,
Author = {KJ Anstrom and SD Reed and AS Allen and GA Glendenning and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Long-term survival estimates for imatinib versus
interferon-alpha plus low-dose cytarabine for patients with
newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid
leukemia.},
Journal = {Cancer},
Volume = {101},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2584-92},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0008-543X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20674},
Keywords = {Adult Aged Antineoplastic Agents Antineoplastic Combined
Chemotherapy Protocols Cohort Studies Cytarabine Female
Humans Interferon-alpha Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic,
BCR-ABL Positive Male Middle Aged Piperazines Prognosis
Pyrimidines Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome
administration & dosage drug therapy* pathology* therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The authors estimated survival among patients
with chronic myeloid leukemia for a cost-effectiveness
analysis of imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus low-dose
cytarabine (IFN+LDAC). METHODS: Two-year survival and
cytogenetic response were determined using data from 553
patients who received first-line imatinib in the
International Randomized Interferon versus ST571 Study
(IRIS). Long-term survival was modeled on complete
cytogenetic response (CCyR) after 2 years. Long-term
survival for patients with a CCyR was modeled using data
from a cohort study of 317 patients with CCyRs. Long-term
survival for patients without a CCyR was modeled using data
from a trial of 275 patients who were treated with IFN+LDAC.
Computation of lifetime survival estimates for imatinib
assumed a proportional hazards relation between survival for
an age-matched and gender-matched cohort and survival for
patients with and without a CCyR. RESULTS: For IRIS patients
receiving imatinib, the estimated survival was 95.8% and the
CCyR rate was 73.8%. The average residual life expectancy
was estimated to be 16.71 years for CCyR patients and 5.78
years for non-CCyR patients. The estimated life expectancy
after treatment with imatinib was 15.30 years, compared with
9.07 years for patients who were treated with IFN+LDAC in
previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: Assuming the relation between
CCyR and survival with interferon-alpha holds for imatinib,
higher CCyR rates with imatinib therapy will result in an
estimated 6.23 life-years gained compared with treatment
with IFN+LDAC.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/cncr.20674},
Key = {fds79901}
}
@article{fds79902,
Author = {SD Reed and KJ Anstrom and JA Ludmer and GA Glendenning and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Cost-effectiveness of imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus
low-dose cytarabine for patients with newly diagnosed
chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia.},
Journal = {Cancer},
Volume = {101},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2574-83},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0008-543X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20694},
Keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy
Protocols Cohort Studies Cost-Benefit Analysis Cytarabine
Health Care Costs Humans Interferon-alpha Leukemia,
Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Piperazines
Pyrimidines Quality-Adjusted Life Years Retrospective
Studies Survival Analysis administration & dosage drug
therapy* economics economics* pathology statistics &
numerical data therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite a lack of long-term data, imatinib has
become standard therapy for patients with newly diagnosed
chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are not
candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In the
current study, the authors estimated the incremental
cost-effectiveness of imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus
low-dose cytarabine (IFN+LDAC) as first-line therapy for
these patients. METHODS: Data from the International
Randomized Interferon versus STI571 Study and the literature
were used to estimate lifetime costs, survival, and
quality-adjusted survival. Survival estimates were based on
published survival curves for patients who achieved and
those who did not achieve a complete cytogenetic response
after treatment with interferon-alpha. RESULTS: The mean
estimated survival with first-line imatinib therapy was
15.30 years, compared with 9.07 years with IFN+LDAC.
Undiscounted lifetime costs were approximately $424,600 with
imatinib and $182,800 with IFN+LDAC. Using a 3% discount
rate, the incremental survival gain with imatinib was 3.93
life-years and 3.89 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs).
Incremental discounted lifetime costs were found to be
$168,100 higher with imatinib, resulting in incremental
cost-effectiveness ratios of $43,100 per life-year saved
(95% confidence interval [95% CI], $37,600-51,100) and
$43,300 per QALY (95% CI, $38,300-49,100). CONCLUSIONS: The
results of the current study demonstrate that compared with
IFN+LDAC, imatinib is a cost-effective first-line therapy in
patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase
CML.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/cncr.20694},
Key = {fds79902}
}
@article{fds79900,
Author = {JY Friedman and SD Reed and KP Weinfurt and KH Kahler and EB Walter and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Parents' reported preference scores for childhood atopic
dermatitis disease states.},
Journal = {BMC pediatrics, England},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1471-2431},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Child Child, Preschool Dermatitis, Atopic
Female Health Status* Humans Infant Male Parents* Population
Surveillance Quality of Life* Severity of Illness Index
classification*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: We sought to elicit preference weights from
parents for health states corresponding to children with
various levels of severity of atopic dermatitis. We also
evaluated the hypothesis that parents with children who had
been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis would assign different
preferences to the health state scenarios compared with
parents who did not have a child with atopic dermatitis.
METHODS: Subjects were parents of children aged 3 months to
18 years. The sample was derived from the General Panel,
Mommies Sub-Panel, and Chronic Illness Sub-Panel of Harris
Interactive. Participants rated health scenarios for atopic
dermatitis, asthma, and eyeglasses on a visual analog scale,
imagining a child was experiencing the described state.
RESULTS: A total of 3539 parents completed the survey.
Twenty-nine percent had a child with a history of atopic
dermatitis. Mean preference scores for atopic dermatitis
were as follows: mild, 91 (95% confidence interval [CI],
90.7 to 91.5); mild/moderate, 84 (95%CI, 83.5 to 84.4);
moderate, 73 (95%CI, 72.5 to 73.6); moderate/severe, 61
(95%CI, 60.6 to 61.8); severe, 49 (95% CI, 48.7 to 50.1);
asthma, 58 (95%CI, 57.4 to 58.8); and eyeglasses, 87(95%CI,
86.3 to 87.4). CONCLUSIONS: Parents perceive that atopic
dermatitis has a negative effect on quality of life that
increases with disease severity. Estimates of parents'
preferences can provide physicians with insight into the
value that parents place on their children's treatment and
can be used to evaluate new medical therapies for atopic
dermatitis.},
Key = {fds79900}
}
@article{fds79905,
Author = {SD Reed and JY Friedman and EJ Velazquez and A Gnanasakthy and RM
Califf, KA Schulman},
Title = {Multinational economic evaluation of valsartan in patients
with chronic heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart
Failure Trial (Val-HeFT).},
Journal = {American heart journal, United States},
Volume = {148},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122-8},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Aged Angiotensin II Type 1
Receptor Blockers* Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Antihypertensive Agents Cost-Benefit Analysis Drug Therapy,
Combination Female Follow-Up Studies Health Care Costs*
Health Resources Heart Failure, Congestive Hospitalization
Humans Male Middle Aged Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Proportional Hazards Models Randomized Controlled Trials
Tetrazoles Valine analogs & derivatives drug therapy*
economics economics* mortality statistics & numerical data
therapeutic use utilization},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT)
compared valsartan versus placebo in 5010 patients taking
prescribed background therapy for New York Heart Association
class II to IV heart failure. Valsartan reduced the risk of
heart failure hospitalization and improved clinical signs
and symptoms of heart failure. We sought to compare resource
use, costs, and health outcomes among patients taking
prescribed therapy for heart failure and randomly assigned
to receive valsartan or placebo. METHODS: Measures of
resource use were based on data collected during the trial.
Unit cost estimates were collected from individual countries
and converted to 1999 US dollars. Total costs were estimated
for hospitalizations, inpatient and outpatient physician
services, ambulance transportation, deaths outside the
hospital, and outpatient cardiovascular medications.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 23 months. Mean costs for heart
failure hospitalizations were 423 dollars lower among
patients receiving valsartan (95% CI, -706 to -146). Mean
total costs were 9008 dollars for patients receiving
valsartan and 8464 dollars for patients receiving placebo, a
net incremental cost of 545 dollars (95% CI, -149 to 1148),
including the cost of valsartan. There was an overall
reduction in total costs of 929 dollars (95% CI, -3243 to
1533) among patients not receiving an ACE inhibitor at
baseline but a slight increase in costs of 334 dollars (95%
CI, -497 to 1199) among those receiving an ACE inhibitor
without a beta-blocker and a 1246 dollars increase (95% CI,
54 to 2230) in patients receiving both an ACE inhibitor and
a beta-blocker at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Valsartan provided
clinical benefits at a mean incremental cost of 285 dollars
per year during the trial. In patients not taking ACE
inhibitors, valsartan was economically attractive,
increasing survival while reducing or marginally increasing
overall costs.},
Key = {fds79905}
}
@article{fds79886,
Author = {SD Reed and JI Radeva and GA Glendenning and F Saad and KA
Schulman},
Title = {Cost-effectiveness of zoledronic acid for the prevention of
skeletal complications in patients with prostate
cancer.},
Journal = {The Journal of urology, United States},
Volume = {171},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1537-42},
Year = {2004},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-5347},
Keywords = {Aged Bone Neoplasms Cost-Benefit Analysis Diphosphonates
Double-Blind Method Follow-Up Studies Humans Imidazoles Male
Prospective Studies Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy*
economics* pathology* prevention & control* secondary*
therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: We estimated the cost-effectiveness of zoledronic
acid vs placebo for decreasing skeletal complications in men
with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a
cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a multinational
clinical trial of zoledronic acid. Cost estimation was based
on prospectively collected resource use data for 85.3% of
enrolled patients. Cost-effectiveness ratios were based on
within-trial data on clinical outcomes, quality of life and
study medication cost. RESULTS: Patients receiving
zoledronic acid experienced fewer hospital days during a
mean followup of 9 months (average 5.6 vs 8.0 days; p =
0.1910). Mean direct costs excluding study medication were
US dollars 5365 for patients receiving zoledronic acid and
US dollars 5689 for patients receiving placebo, a difference
of US dollars 324 (95% CI US dollars 1781 to US dollars
1146). The global average cost of zoledronic acid plus its
administration during the trial was US dollars 5677 (US
dollars 450 per dose). The nominal cost per skeletal
complication avoided was US dollars 112300 (95% CI US
dollars 6900 to US dollars 48700) and the cost per
additional patient free of skeletal complications was US
dollars 51400 (95% CI US dollars 26900 to US dollars
243700). Nominal within-trial cost per quality adjusted
life-year was US dollars 159200, which varied widely in
sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The nominal base case
estimate of the cost per quality adjusted life-year for
zoledronic acid in the prevention of skeletal complications
of prostate cancer is consistent with that of
bisphosphonates in breast cancer. However, the
cost-effectiveness ratios for bisphosphonates are higher
than commonly cited thresholds for conferring
cost-effectiveness.},
Key = {fds79886}
}
@article{fds79892,
Author = {SD Reed and TA Lee and DC McCrory},
Title = {The economic burden of allergic rhinitis: a critical
evaluation of the literature.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics, New Zealand},
Volume = {22},
Number = {6},
Pages = {345-61},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
Keywords = {Anti-Allergic Agents Cost of Illness* Economics,
Pharmaceutical* Histamine H1 Antagonists Humans Quality of
Life Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial United States drug
therapy economics economics* epidemiology therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {Although a large number of economic analyses of allergic
rhinitis have been published, there are relatively few
empirically based studies, particularly outside the US. The
majority of these analyses can be classified as
burden-of-illness studies. Most estimates of the annual cost
of allergic rhinitis range from dollars US 2-5 billion (2003
values). The wide range of estimates can be attributed to
differences in identifying patients with allergic rhinitis,
differences in cost assignment, limitations associated with
available data and difficulties in assigning indirect costs
(associated with reduced productivity) of allergic rhinitis.
Approximately one-third of burden-of-illness studies include
direct and indirect costs of allergic rhinitis, about
one-third focus on direct costs only, and the remaining
one-third focus exclusively on indirect costs due to reduced
productivity. Indirect costs attributable to allergic
rhinitis were higher in studies only estimating indirect
costs (dollars US 5.5-9.7 billion) than in those estimating
both direct and indirect costs (dollars US 1.7-4.3 billion).
Although there are many economic evaluations of allergic
rhinitis treatments in the published medical literature,
very few represent formal cost-effectiveness evaluations
that compare the incremental costs and benefits of
alternative treatment strategies. Those that are incremental
cost-effectiveness analyses have several limitations,
including small samples, short study periods and the lack of
a standardized measure of effectiveness. To date, the
medical literature is lacking a comprehensive economic
evaluation of general treatment strategies for allergic
rhinitis. In undertaking such an analysis, serious
consideration must be given to the study population of
interest, the choice of appropriate comparators, the
perspective from which the analysis is conducted, the target
audience, the changing healthcare marketplace and the
selection of a measure of effectiveness that incorporates
both positive and negative aspects of treatments for
allergic rhinitis. Future work would benefit from the
development of a consensus on a summary measure of
effectiveness that could be used in cost-effectiveness
analyses of therapies for allergic rhinitis as well as
additional empirical work to measure the association between
severity of disease and its impact on worker
productivity.},
Key = {fds79892}
}
@article{fds79890,
Author = {SD Reed and PW Dillingham and AH Briggs and DL Veenstra and SD
Sullivan},
Title = {A Bayesian approach to aid in formulary decision making:
incorporating institution-specific cost-effectiveness data
with clinical trial results.},
Journal = {Medical decision making : an international journal of the
Society for Medical Decision Making},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {252-64},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0272-989X},
Keywords = {Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary Antibodies, Monoclonal*
Anticoagulants* Bayes Theorem* Coronary Artery Bypass
Coronary Disease* Cost-Benefit Analysis* Decision Making*
Female Humans Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments* Male Middle Aged
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic drug therapy economics
economics* methods therapeutic use therapy},
Abstract = {Pharmacy and therapeutics committees commonly cite a lack of
generalizability as a reason for not incorporating
cost-effectiveness information into decision making. To
address this concern, many committees undertake
site-specific economic evaluations, which are often limited
by small sample sizes and nonrandomized designs. We show how
2 complementary approaches were used to minimize these
limitations in an economic evaluation of abciximab at 1
institution. Using a propensity score methodology, we
selected patients who did not receive abciximab for the
comparison cohort. Then, we adopted a Bayesian,
hierarchical, random-effects model to integrate
site-specific and clinical trial data. We applied the
posterior distributions of effectiveness with local cost
data in a traditional decision-analytic model. In 74% of the
simulations, abciximab was cost-effective at 1 institution
at the $50,000 per life year saved threshold, assuming a
50:50 split of patients undergoing coronary stenting and
angioplasty. Among patients undergoing coronary stenting,
the cost-effectiveness ratio of the addition of abciximab
was at or below the $50,000 per life year saved threshold in
66.0% of the simulations.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds79890}
}
@article{fds79875,
Author = {KA Schulman and EA Stadtmauer and SD Reed and HA Glick and LJ Goldstein and JM Pines and JA Jackman and S Suzuki and MJ Styler and PA Crilley and TR
Klumpp, KF Mangan and JH Glick},
Title = {Economic analysis of conventional-dose chemotherapy compared
with high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous hematopoietic
stem-cell transplantation for metastatic breast
cancer.},
Journal = {Bone marrow transplantation, England},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {205-10},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0268-3369},
Keywords = {Adult Antineoplastic Agents Breast Neoplasms Cohort Studies
Costs and Cost Analysis Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Economics, Hospital Female Humans Middle Aged Neoplasm
Metastasis Patient Selection Reproducibility of Results Stem
Cell Transplantation United States drug therapy economics
economics* pathology therapeutic use therapy*},
Abstract = {We performed an economic analysis of data from 180 women in
a clinical trial of conventional-dose chemotherapy vs
high-dose chemotherapy plus stem-cell transplantation for
metastatic breast cancer responding to first-line
chemotherapy. Data on resource use, including
hospitalizations, medical procedures, medications, and
diagnostic tests, were abstracted from subjects' clinical
trial records. Resources were valued using the Medicare Fee
Schedule for inpatient costs at one academic medical center
and average wholesale prices for medications. Monthly costs
were calculated and stratified by treatment group and
clinical phase. Mean follow-up was 690 days in the
transplantation group and 758 days in the conventional-dose
chemotherapy group. Subjects in the transplantation group
were hospitalized for more days (28.6 vs 17.8, P=0.0041) and
incurred higher costs (US dollars 84055 vs US dollars 28169)
than subjects receiving conventional-dose chemotherapy, with
a mean difference of US dollars 55886 (95% CI, US dollars
47298-US dollars 63666). Sensitivity analyses resulted in
cost differences between the treatment groups from US
dollars 36528 to US dollars 75531. High-dose chemotherapy
plus stem-cell transplantation resulted in substantial
additional morbidity and costs at no improvement in
survival. Neither the survival results nor the economic
findings support the use of this procedure outside of the
clinical trial setting.},
Key = {fds79875}
}
@article{fds79884,
Author = {AW Law and SD Reed and JS Sundy and KA Schulman},
Title = {Direct costs of allergic rhinitis in the United States:
estimates from the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel
Survey.},
Journal = {The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, United
States},
Volume = {111},
Number = {2},
Pages = {296-300},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0091-6749},
Keywords = {Ambulatory Care Costs and Cost Analysis Cross-Sectional
Studies Data Collection Female Humans Insurance, Health Male
Prescriptions, Drug Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Rhinitis,
Allergic, Seasonal United States drug therapy economics
economics*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous estimates of the cost of allergic
rhinitis predate the substantial increase in the use of
second-generation antihistamines and intranasal
corticosteroids. OBJECTIVE: We sought to update estimates of
the direct costs of allergic rhinitis in the United States
and to estimate prescription medication expenditures by type
of insurance coverage. METHODS: Data from the 1996 Medical
Expenditure Panel Survey were used in a cross-sectional
analysis of resource use and costs. RESULTS: Approximately
7.7% of the population are estimated to have had allergic
rhinitis in 1996. The total direct medical cost of allergic
rhinitis was estimated at $3.4 billion, with the majority
attributable to prescription medications (46.6%) and
outpatient visits (51.9%). Fifty-one percent of the
prescription medication expenditures were for
second-generation antihistamines, 25% for intranasal
corticosteroids, and 5% for first-generation antihistamines.
Fifty-eight percent of patients with allergic rhinitis
received 1 or more prescription drugs for its treatment
during the study year. Among these patients, mean
prescription expenditures were $131 (95% CI, $119-$143), of
which $50 (95% CI, $43-$56) were paid out of pocket. The
mean prescription medication expenditure was $103 (95% CI,
$70-$136) for persons with Medicaid, $155 (95% CI,
$140-$169) for private insurance, $213 (95% CI, $0-$521) for
other insurance, and $69 (95% CI, $57-$80) for no
prescription drug insurance. CONCLUSION: The direct costs of
allergic rhinitis have increased substantially since the
introduction of second-generation antihistamines and
intranasal corticosteroids, especially costs attributable to
prescription medications. Individuals with no insurance
coverage have higher total out-of-pocket prescription
expenditures than those with coverage.},
Key = {fds79884}
}
@article{fds79888,
Author = {SD Reed and JY Friedman and A Gnanasakthy and KA Schulman},
Title = {Comparison of hospital costing methods in an economic
evaluation of a multinational clinical trial.},
Journal = {International journal of technology assessment in health
care},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {396-406},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {0266-4623},
Keywords = {Clinical Trials as Topic Costs and Cost Analysis Developed
Countries Diagnosis-Related Groups Heart Failure Hospital
Costs Hospitalization Humans Internationality Length of Stay
United States economics economics* methods statistics &
numerical data statistics & numerical data*
therapy},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate strategies for estimating
hospitalization costs in multinational clinical trials.
METHODS: Hospital cost estimates for eleven diagnoses were
collected from twelve countries participating in a trial of
therapies for congestive heart failure. Estimates were
combined with U.S.-based diagnosis-related group weights to
compute country-specific unit cost estimates for all reasons
for hospitalization. Variations of hospital costing methods
were developed. The unit cost method assigns a
country-specific unit cost estimate to each hospitalization.
The other methods adjust for length of stay using a daily
cost (DC) estimate for each diagnosis, based on either the
mean length of stay (DC-mean method) or the median length of
stay (DC-median method) for each diagnosis in each country.
Additional modifications were explored through adjustment of
the distribution of daily costs incurred during a hospital
stay. RESULTS: The mean cost for all hospitalizations was
dollars 10,242 (SD, 10,042) using the unit cost method,
dollars 10,242 (SD, 12,760) using the standard DC-mean
method, and dollars 13,967 (SD, 18,762) using the standard
DC-median method. In comparisons of costs for all 5,486
hospitalizations incurred by a subset of 2,352 patients in
the trial, the unit cost method provided 92% power to detect
a dollars 1,000 cost difference. The standard DC-mean method
provided 76% power, and the standard DC-median method
provided 44% power. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital costing methods
that adjust for differences in length of stay require a
significantly larger sample to attain comparable statistical
power as methods that assign unadjusted unit cost estimates
to hospitalization events.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds79888}
}
@article{fds79889,
Author = {BR Shah and SD Reed and J Francis and DB Ridley and KA
Schulman},
Title = {The cost of inefficiency in US hospitals,
1985-1997.},
Journal = {Journal of health care finance, United States},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1078-6767},
Keywords = {Bed Occupancy Cost Allocation Efficiency, Organizational
Financial Management, Hospital Health Services Research
Hospital Bed Capacity Hospital Costs Length of Stay Medicare
United States classification* economics economics*
statistics & numerical data trends*},
Abstract = {We conducted a descriptive analysis of data from the
Hospital Cost Report Information System from 1985 through
1997 on nonfederal, short-stay hospitals in the United
States with 12-month reporting periods and valid data for
the primary outcomes. The main outcome measures were change
in number of beds, inpatient days, overhead cost per bed,
and overhead cost per inpatient day. Actual outcomes were
compared to predicted outcomes from: (1) a scenario holding
the ratio of overhead cost per volume constant throughout
the study period; and (2) a scenario holding overhead
expenditures for 1985 constant as volume changed. The sample
contained a mean of 3,605 hospitals per year. Volume
declined annually by 2.2 beds (95 percent confidence
interval [CI], 2.1 to 2.2; P < .001) and 997 inpatient days
(95 percent CI, 992 to 1,003; P < .001). Overhead cost per
bed increased by 3,388 dollars annually (95 percent CI,
3,049 to 3,737; P < .001) and overhead cost per inpatient
day increased by 40 dollars annually (95 percent CI, 36 to
44; P < .001). In the constant ratio scenario, mean overhead
cost per bed increased by 42,523 dollars (32 percent), and
mean overhead cost per inpatient day increased by 435
dollars (59 percent). In the constant overhead cost
scenario, overhead cost per bed increased 15 percent and
overhead cost per inpatient day increased 19 percent.
Hospital overhead costs are increasing faster than would be
expected if efficiency were the primary goal of hospital
management.},
Key = {fds79889}
}
@article{fds79891,
Author = {JE Onken and JY Friedman and S Subramanian and KP Weinfurt and SD Reed and JH Malenbaum and T Schmidt and KA Schulman},
Title = {Treatment patterns and costs associated with sessile
colorectal polyps.},
Journal = {The American journal of gastroenterology, United
States},
Volume = {97},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2896-901},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-9270},
Keywords = {Adenoma Aged Carcinoma Cohort Studies Colonic Polyps
Digestive System Surgical Procedures Female Health Care
Costs Humans Male Middle Aged Odds Ratio Physician's
Practice Patterns Referral and Consultation Retrospective
Studies United States economics economics* pathology
statistics & numerical data* surgery surgery*
utilization*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Because of the paucity of existing literature on
treatment and costs associated with sessile lesions, the
objectives of this study were to perform a retrospective
analysis on patients with sessile polyps to identify patient
and polyp characteristics, to determine treatment patterns,
and to estimate the cost of treating these patients.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort
study of 280 patients who presented to a large teaching
hospital between 1997 and 2000 with at least one sessile or
broad-based pedunculated colorectal polyp of any size or
histology, not including adenocarcinoma greater than stage
T1. RESULTS: Mean polyp size was 1.3 cm, and two thirds of
polyps were removed in a single procedure. The number of
repeat procedures increased with polyp size (Kendall T-b =
0.47; 95% CI = 0.39-0.55). Patients with polyps > or = 2 cm
were 5.88 times more likely than patients with smaller
polyps to undergo a surgical procedure. Surgical procedures
required 88.01 min longer than nonsurgical procedures (95%
CI = 74.43-102.42). Mean total cost of treatment was $2,038
(range $153 to $14,838). Open resection ($6,165) was the
most costly surgical procedure, and piecemeal polypectomy
($892) was the most costly nonsurgical therapeutic
procedure. CONCLUSIONS: One third of polyps required more
than one procedure. Surgical procedures accounted for the
majority of resource use in this sample. Finally, patients
with polyps > or = 2 cm incurred almost half the total costs
while accounting for only 22% of the sample. The greatest
economic gains could be made by improving efficiency of
polyp removal for these patients.},
Key = {fds79891}
}
@article{fds79874,
Author = {SD Reed and R Laxminarayan and DJ Black and SD Sullivan},
Title = {Economic issues and antibiotic resistance in the
community.},
Journal = {The Annals of pharmacotherapy, United States},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {148-54},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1060-0280},
Keywords = {Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents Bacterial Infections Drug
Resistance* Humans Socioeconomic Factors economics*
microbiology* therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Inappropriate antibiotic use is generally
considered to be the primary cause of antibiotic resistance
in the community. Multiple economic factors, at the level of
physicians, patients, healthcare organizations, and
pharmaceutical companies, foster poor antibiotic use.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the influence of economic factors on
the use and development of antibiotics and to evaluate the
extent to which the cost of resistance is important in the
economic evaluation of antibiotic products. DATA SOURCES:
Literature identified through MEDLINE (1966-May 2001),
bibliographies from relevant articles, government reports,
and proceedings from conferences about antibiotic
resistance. DATA SYNTHESIS: Economic factors at all levels
of the healthcare system contribute to the inappropriate use
of antibiotics in the community setting. Relatively little
economic research has been published on antibiotic
resistance, and very few cost-effectiveness analyses of
antibiotic treatment alternatives have explicitly included
the cost of resistance. CONCLUSIONS: A better understanding
of economic factors that influence the prescribing,
marketing, and development of antibiotics could lead to more
successful efforts at curtailing the growth of antibiotic
resistance in the community setting.},
Key = {fds79874}
}
@article{fds79865,
Title = {Reed SD, Laxminarayan R, Black DJ, Sullivan SD. Economic
Issues and Microbial Resistance to Antibiotics. Ann of
Pharmacother. 2002; 36: 148-54.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79865}
}
@article{fds79869,
Title = {Reed SD, Blough DK, Meyer K, Jarvik JG. Inpatient Costs,
Length of Stay and Mortality for Cerebrovascular Events in
Community Hospitals, Neurology 2001; 57:
305-314.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79869}
}
@article{fds79870,
Title = {Mullins CD, Ogilvie SD. Emerging standardization in
pharmacoeconomics, Clinical Therapeutics 1998; 20:
1194-1202.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79870}
}
@article{fds79879,
Title = {Reed SD, Cramer SC, Blough DK, Meyer K, Jarvik JG. Treatment
with Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Inpatient Mortality in
Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated in Community Hospitals,
Stroke 2001; 32: 1832-40.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79879}
}
@article{fds79880,
Title = {Reed SO, Mullins CD, Magder LS. Cost-effectiveness of
abciximab during routine medical practice, Pharmacoeconomics
2000; 18: 265-74.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79880}
}
@article{fds79881,
Title = {Ogilvie SD, Mullins CD, Roffman DS, Mays DA. Editorial:
Difficulties in applying clinical trial information to the
practice setting: Case of a high-cost drug. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm 1998; 55: 2409-14.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79881}
}
@article{fds79882,
Title = {Mullins CD, Stockwell Morris L, Perfetto EM, Ogilvie SD.
NSAIDS: Beyond Bleeds. J Managed Care Pharm 1997; 3:
425-30.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79882}
}
@article{fds79883,
Title = {Reed SD, Sullivan SD, Laxminarayan R. Economic Issues
Related to Antibiotic Use in Appropriate Antibiotic Use-
Proceedings of a LIBRA Meeting. International Congress and
Symposium Series 251. The Royal Society of Medicine Press
Limited: London, 2001:pp 43-48.},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds79883}
}
@article{fds79885,
Author = {SD Reed and SC Cramer and DK Blough and K Meyer and JG
Jarvik},
Title = {Treatment with tissue plasminogen activator and inpatient
mortality rates for patients with ischemic stroke treated in
community hospitals.},
Journal = {Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation, United
States},
Volume = {32},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1832-40},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1524-4628},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Brain Ischemia Cerebrovascular
Accident Cohort Studies Comorbidity Continental Population
Groups Diabetes Mellitus Female Hospital Mortality
Hospitals, Community Humans Incidence Injections,
Intravenous Inpatients Length of Stay Male Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis Odds Ratio Retrospective Studies Risk
Assessment Sex Factors Tissue Plasminogen Activator United
States administration & dosage* classification drug therapy
mortality* statistics & numerical data trends*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most analyses of intravenous tissue
plasminogen activator (IV tPA) use for acute stroke in
routine practice have been limited by sample size and
generally restricted to patients treated in large academic
medical facilities. In the present study, we sought to
estimate among community hospitals the use of IV tPA and to
identify factors associated with the use of IV tPA and
inpatient mortality. METHODS: We evaluated a retrospective
cohort of 23 058 patients with ischemic stroke from 137
community hospitals. RESULTS: Three hundred sixty-two (1.6%)
patients were treated with IV tPA, and 9.9% of those
patients died during the hospitalization period. In 35.0% of
the hospitals, no patients were treated with IV tPA, whereas
14.6% of hospitals treated approximately 3.0% with IV tPA.
After control for multiple factors, younger patients, more
severely ill patients (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.36 to 3.01), and
patients treated in rural hospitals (OR 1.80, 95% CI 0.99 to
3.26) were more likely to receive IV tPA, whereas black
patients were less likely (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.95).
There also was a trend showing that women were less likely
to receive IV tPA (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.03). Factors
associated with an increased odds of inpatient mortality
included receipt of IV tPA among men (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.72
to 4.58) and increased age. Black patients were 27% less
likely to die during hospitalization (95% CI 0.60 to 0.90).
CONCLUSIONS: In this large, retrospective evaluation of
community hospital practice, the use IV tPA and inpatient
mortality rates among IV tPA-treated patients were
consistent with those of other studies. The likelihood of
receiving IV tPA varies by race, age, disease severity, and
possibly gender. These factors may influence mortality
rates.},
Key = {fds79885}
}
@article{fds79876,
Author = {SD Reed and DK Blough and K Meyer and JG Jarvik},
Title = {Inpatient costs, length of stay, and mortality for
cerebrovascular events in community hospitals.},
Journal = {Neurology, United States},
Volume = {57},
Number = {2},
Pages = {305-14},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0028-3878},
Keywords = {Aged Cerebrovascular Disorders Female Health Care Costs*
Hospitals, Community* Humans Inpatients* Length of Stay*
Male Middle Aged economics* mortality*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Accurate estimates of inpatient cost, length of
stay (LOS), and mortality are necessary for the development
of economic models to estimate the cost-effectiveness of
stroke-related treatments. Estimates based on data from
academic institutions may not be generalizable to community
hospitals. In this study, the authors estimated inpatient
costs, LOS, and in-hospital mortality for patients with
subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intracerebral hemorrhage
(ICH), ischemic cerebral infarction (ICI), and TIA who were
treated in community hospitals. METHODS: The authors
selected patients using International Classification of
Diseases-9-Clinical Modification primary diagnosis codes
from the HBSI EXPLORE database. They analyzed patient-level
data and inpatient costs, derived from detailed utilization
data, for all patients admitted to 137 community hospitals
in 1998. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to
examine patient-, hospital-, and outcome-related factors
associated with inpatient costs. RESULTS: Patients with SAH
incurred the highest average cost ($23,777, n = 1,124),
followed by patients with ICH ($10,241, n = 3,139), ICI
($5,837, n = 18,740), and TIA ($3,350, n = 7,861). Patient
subgroups ranked in the same order for average LOS at 11.5
days for SAH, 7.5 days for ICH, 5.9 days for ICI, and 3.4
days for TIA. Almost one third of patients with SAH (29.0%)
and ICH (33.1%) died during hospitalization, whereas 7.0%
with ICI and 0.2% with TIA died. For each event, as patient
age increased, average costs consistently decreased. Also,
average costs were higher among patients treated in
community teaching hospitals compared to community
nonteaching hospitals for each cerebrovascular event (10 to
29%). CONCLUSIONS: Inpatient costs, LOS, and mortality for
patients with cerebrovascular disease are dependent on
patient and hospital characteristics.},
Key = {fds79876}
}
@article{fds79866,
Title = {Reed SD, Blough DK, Meyer K, Jarvik JG. Inpatient Costs,
Length of Stay and Mortality for Cerebrovascular Events in
Community Hospitals, Neurology 2001; 57:
305-314.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds79866}
}
@article{fds79871,
Title = {Reed SD, Cramer SC, Blough DK, Meyer K, Jarvik JG. Treatment
with Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Inpatient Mortality in
Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated in Community Hospitals,
Stroke 2001; 32: 1832-40.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds79871}
}
@article{fds79868,
Title = {Reed SO, Mullins CD, Magder LS. Cost-effectiveness of
abciximab during routine medical practice, Pharmacoeconomics
2000;18:265-74.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds79868}
}
@article{fds79872,
Title = {Reed SO, Mullins CD, Magder LS. Cost-effectiveness of
abciximab during routine medical practice, Pharmacoeconomics
2000; 18: 265-74.},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds79872}
}
@article{fds79887,
Author = {SD Reed and CD Mullins and DS Roffman and DA Mays},
Title = {Difficulties in applying clinical trial information to the
practice setting: case of a high-cost drug.},
Journal = {American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official
journal of the American Society of Health-System
Pharmacists, UNITED STATES},
Volume = {55},
Number = {22},
Pages = {2409-14},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1079-2082},
Keywords = {Aged Angioplasty, Balloon Antibodies, Monoclonal
Anticoagulants Clinical Trials Cost-Benefit Analysis Female
Humans Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments Male Maryland Middle
Aged Myocardial Ischemia Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Stents adverse effects economics prevention & control*
therapeutic use*},
Key = {fds79887}
}
@article{fds79867,
Title = {Ogilvie SD, Mullins CD, Roffman DS, Mays DA. Editorial:
Difficulties in applying clinical trial information to the
practice setting: Case of a high-cost drug. Am J Health-Syst
Pharm 1998;55:2409-14.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds79867}
}
@article{fds79873,
Title = {Mullins CD, Ogilvie SD. Emerging standardization in
pharmacoeconomics, Clinical Therapeutics 1998; 20:
1194-1202.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds79873}
}
@article{fds79877,
Title = {Mullins CD, Ogilvie SD. Emerging standardization in
pharmacoeconomics, Clinical Therapeutics
1998;20:1194-1202.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds79877}
}
@article{fds79878,
Title = {Mullins CD, Stockwell Morris L, Perfetto EM, Ogilvie SD.
NSAIDS: Beyond Bleeds. J Managed Care Pharm
1997;3:425-30.},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds79878}
}
@article{fds172851,
Author = {MN Hantas and ES Katkin and SD Reed},
Title = {Cerebral lateralization and heartbeat discrimination.},
Journal = {Psychophysiology},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {274-8},
Year = {1984},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0048-5772},
Keywords = {Adolescent Adult Discrimination (Psychology) Dominance,
Cerebral Heart Rate* Humans Male Perception
physiology*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds172851}
}
@article{fds79893,
Author = {FM Torti and LP Gwyther and SD Reed and JY Friedman and KA
Schulman},
Title = {A multinational review of recent trends and reports in
dementia caregiver burden.},
Journal = {Alzheimer disease and associated disorders, United
States},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {99-109},
ISSN = {0893-0341},
Keywords = {Aged Aged, 80 and over Alzheimer Disease Cost of Illness*
Cross-Cultural Comparison* Cultural Characteristics* Female
Humans Institutionalization Male Middle Aged Social Values*
Socioeconomic Factors Treatment Outcome epidemiology
ethnology* statistics & numerical data therapy},
Abstract = {This systematic review of the literature focuses on the
influence of ethnic, cultural, and geographic factors on the
caregivers of patients with dementia. In particular, we
explore the impact of cultural expectations on five
important questions: 1) Do the characteristics of dementia
affect caregiver burden? 2) Do characteristics of the
caregiver independently predict burden? 3) Does the
caregiver affect patient outcomes? 4) Does support or
intervention for caregiver result in reduced caregiver
burden or improved patient outcomes? 5) Finally, do patient
interventions result in reduced caregiver burden or improved
patient outcomes? Our findings suggest that noncognitive,
behavioral disturbances of patients with dementia result in
increased caregiver burden and that female caregivers bear a
particularly heavy burden across cultures, particularly in
Asian societies. Caregiver burden influences time to medical
presentation of patients with dementia, patient condition at
presentation, and patient institutionalization. Moreover,
interventions designed to reduce caregiver burden have been
largely, although not universally, unsuccessful.
Pharmacological treatments for symptoms of dementia were
found to be beneficial in reducing caregiver burden. The
consistency of findings across studies, geographic regions,
cultural differences, and heathcare delivery systems is
striking. Yet, there are critical differences in cultural
expectations and social resources. Future interventions to
reduce caregiver burden must consider these differences,
identify patients and caregivers at greatest risk, and
develop targeted programs that combine aspects of a number
of interventional strategies.},
Key = {fds79893}
}
%% Reiners, Lee A
@article{fds366252,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {A Proposal for Oversight of Digital Asset Spot Markets in
the U.S.},
Journal = {TechREG Chronicle},
Pages = {1-7},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds366252}
}
@article{fds366253,
Author = {Reiners, L and Smith Jr. and J and II, J},
Title = {NC Should Speed Help to the 435,000 North Carolinians Who
Are Behind on Rent},
Journal = {Raleigh News & Observer},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366253}
}
@article{fds366254,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Ban Cryptocurrency to Fight Ransomware},
Journal = {Wall Street Journal},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366254}
}
@article{fds366256,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Blockchain Democracy: Technology, Law and the Rule of the
Crowd},
Journal = {Banking & Finance Law Review},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {191-196},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366256}
}
@article{fds366257,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Cryptocurrency and the State: An Unholy Alliance},
Journal = {Southern California Interdisciplinary Law
Journal},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {695-715},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366257}
}
@misc{fds366255,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Regulation of Robo-Advisory Services},
Pages = {395-419},
Booktitle = {FinTech: Law and Regulation},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366255}
}
@misc{fds366258,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {The Uncertain Prudential Treatment of Crypto-Assets},
Booktitle = {Regtech, Suptech and Beyond: Innovation in Financial
Services},
Publisher = {Risk Books},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds366258}
}
@article{fds366260,
Author = {Reiners, L and Baker, C and Fratto, D},
Title = {Banking on the Cloud},
Journal = {Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business
Law},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {381-401},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds366260}
}
@misc{fds366261,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Fintech Regulation in the United States},
Booktitle = {Diritto del Fintech},
Publisher = {Wolters Kluwer},
Year = {2020},
Key = {fds366261}
}
@article{fds366263,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Ten Years From the Bottom, Financial Crisis Continues to
Reverberate},
Journal = {Triangle Business Journal},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds366263}
}
@article{fds366265,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Bitcoin Futures: From Self-Certification to Systemic
Risk},
Journal = {North Carolina Banking Institute},
Volume = {23},
Pages = {61-109},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds366265}
}
@misc{fds366264,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Regulation of Robo-Advisory Services},
Pages = {353-376},
Booktitle = {FinTech: Law and Regulation},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
Year = {2019},
Key = {fds366264}
}
@book{fds366267,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Fintech Law and Policy},
Publisher = {Independently Published},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds366267}
}
@article{fds366266,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {The Problems With Crypto’s Revolving Door},
Journal = {American Banker},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds366266}
}
@article{fds366268,
Author = {Reiners, L},
Title = {Should Wells Fargo Execs Responsible for Bilking Customers
be Forced to Return Their Pay?},
Journal = {Conversation},
Year = {2016},
Key = {fds366268}
}
%% Ridley, David B.
@article{fds375866,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Lasanta, AM and Storer Jones and F and Ridley,
SK},
Title = {European priority review vouchers for neglected disease
product development.},
Journal = {BMJ global health},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e013686},
Publisher = {BMJ},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013686},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4>Neglected diseases are a significant
global health challenge. Encouraging the development of
therapeutics and vaccines for these diseases would address
an important unmet medical need. We propose a priority
review voucher programme for the European Union (EU). The
developer of a drug or vaccine for a neglected disease would
receive a voucher for accelerated assessment of a different
product at the European Medicines Agency
(EMA).<h4>Methods</h4>This study uses retrospective
observational data to estimate the potential commercial
value of the proposed voucher programme using a five-step
approach: (1) estimating the time saved in the EMA
accelerated regulatory review; (2) gauging time reductions
in accelerated pricing and reimbursement decisions by EU
member states; (3) selecting 10 high-revenue products
launched between 2015 and 2020 representing typical voucher
users; (4) analysing IQVIA MIDAS sales data for the selected
products and (5) calculating the net present value (NPV) of
the voucher based on the 10 products.<h4>Results</h4>The
accelerated EMA review would reduce regulatory time by an
average of 182 days. Additionally, products could save more
than a year in many member states through an expedited
120-day pricing and reimbursement review. The estimated NPV
of regulatory acceleration by two quarters would be
€100 million. In addition, if France, Italy and Spain
reviewed pricing and reimbursement in only 120 days, then
the value would double.<h4>Conclusion</h4>An EU voucher
estimated at more than €100 million, coupled with a
US$100 million counterpart, offers a meaningful incentive
for novel product development. However, the voucher
programme should be part of a comprehensive strategy for
tackling neglected diseases, rather than a standalone
solution.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013686},
Key = {fds375866}
}
@article{fds372991,
Author = {Liebman, E and Lawler, EC and Dunn, A and Ridley,
DB},
Title = {Consequences of a shortage and rationing: Evidence from a
pediatric vaccine.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {92},
Pages = {102819},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102819},
Abstract = {Shortages and rationing are common in health care, yet we
know little about the consequences. We examine an 18-month
shortage of the pediatric Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
(Hib) vaccine. Using insurance claims data and variation in
shortage exposure across birth cohorts, we find that the
shortage reduced uptake of high-value primary doses by 4
percentage points and low-value booster doses by 26
percentage points. This suggests providers largely complied
with rationing recommendations. In the long-run, catch-up
vaccination occurred but was incomplete: shortage-exposed
cohorts were 4 percentage points less likely to have
received the ir booster dose years later. We also find that
the shortage and rationing caused provider switches, extra
provider visits, and negative spillovers to other
care.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102819},
Key = {fds372991}
}
@article{fds374357,
Author = {Cuddy, E and Lu, YP and Ridley, DB},
Title = {FDA Global Drug Inspections: Surveillance Of Manufacturing
Establishments Remains Well Below Pre-COVID-19
Levels.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {42},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1758-1766},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00686},
Abstract = {During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) halted inspections of most
overseas drug manufacturing establishments. Looking at data
from the period 2012-22, we observed steep declines in both
foreign and domestic inspections in 2020. By 2022, numbers
of inspections remained well below prepandemic levels, with
a 79 percent decrease in foreign inspections and a
35 percent decline in domestic inspections compared with
2019. There was no corresponding reduction in drug
manufacturing or imports. Also, the resources allocated per
inspection surged, although the FDA's overall budget and
staffing remained steady. Finally, citations rose
dramatically, despite all establishments being given advance
notice of inspections. The findings of our study underscore
the pressing need to explore alternative methods for
ensuring drug safety.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00686},
Key = {fds374357}
}
@article{fds358370,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Ganapathy, P and Kettler, HE},
Title = {US Tropical Disease Priority Review Vouchers: Lessons In
Promoting Drug Development And Access.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {40},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1243-1251},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.02273},
Abstract = {The COVID-19 global pandemic has devastated lives and
economies. It has served as a reminder of how critical it is
to invest in preventing and treating infectious diseases.
Until the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest US
government-sponsored reward for infectious disease drug and
vaccine development was the Tropical Disease Priority Review
Voucher program. Under this program, the Food and Drug
Administration awards a priority review voucher to the
sponsor of a new drug or vaccine for tropical infectious
diseases. The voucher then can be exchanged for the faster
review of one drug. We provide case studies for tropical
disease voucher recipients between 2007 and 2018, examine
the effects of the voucher program on product innovation and
access, and recommend that policy makers protect the voucher
program while creating complementary incentives.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2020.02273},
Key = {fds358370}
}
@article{fds354245,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Lee, CY},
Title = {Does medicare reimbursement drive up drug launch
prices?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Pages = {980-993},
Year = {2020},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00849},
Abstract = {Medicare reimburses health care providers for the drugs they
administer. Since 2005, it has reimbursed based on the past
price of the drug. Reimbursement on past prices could
motivate manufacturers to set higher launch prices because
providers become less sensitive to price and because
provider reimbursement is higher if past prices were higher.
Using data on drug launch prices between 1999 and 2010, we
estimate that reimbursement based on past prices caused
launch prices to rise dramatically. The evidence is
consistent with the 2018 claim from Medicare’s
administrator that it creates a perverse incentive for
manufacturers to set higher prices.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00849},
Key = {fds354245}
}
@article{fds330905,
Author = {Kyle, MK and Ridley, DB and Zhang, S},
Title = {Strategic interaction among governments in the provision of
a global public good},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {156},
Pages = {185-199},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.10.009},
Abstract = {How do governments respond to other governments when
providing a global public good? Using data from 2007 to 2014
on medical research funding for infectious and parasitic
diseases, we examine how governments and foundations in 41
countries respond to funding changes by the US government
(which accounts for half of funding for these diseases).
Because funding across governments might be positively
correlated due to unobserved drivers they have in common, we
use variation in the representation of research-intensive
universities on US Congressional appropriations committees
as an instrument for US funding. We find that a 10 %
increase in US government funding for a disease is
associated with a 2 to 3 % reduction in funding for that
disease by another government in the following
year.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.10.009},
Key = {fds330905}
}
@article{fds328084,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Moe, JL and Hamon, N},
Title = {A Voucher System To Speed Review Could Promote A New
Generation Of Insecticides To Fight Vector-Borne
Diseases.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {36},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1461-1468},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1640},
Abstract = {Many in the scientific community are concerned about the
potential increase in prevalence of insect-borne diseases
such as Chagas disease, Chikungunya, dengue fever, malaria,
and Zika in the United States and around the world. Beyond
vaccines and drugs to prevent and treat these diseases, a
comprehensive approach to fighting these diseases should
include control of disease-carrying vectors, such as
mosquitoes. Vector-control methods, such as using
insecticides to treat bed nets and spray the walls of homes,
have prevented millions of deaths from malaria. However,
mosquitoes are becoming resistant to insecticides, and no
new class of insecticides for vector control has been
introduced in decades. We recommend the creation of a new
type of incentive for the development and commercialization
of safe new insecticides: a Vector Expedited Review Voucher,
to be awarded to a sponsor that introduces a novel
insecticide for public health use. The voucher could be
redeemed to expedite registration of a second, more
profitable, product by the US Environmental Protection
Agency.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1640},
Key = {fds328084}
}
@article{fds327199,
Author = {Yurukoglu, A and Liebman, E and Ridley, DB},
Title = {The role of government reimbursement in drug
shortages},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {348-382},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20160035},
Abstract = {Beginning in the mid- 2000s, the incidence of drug shortages
rose, especially for generic injectable drugs such as
anesthetics and chemotherapy treatments. We examine whether
reimbursement changes contributed to the shortages, focusing
on a reduction in Medicare Part B reimbursement to providers
for drugs. We hypothesize that lower reimbursement put
downward pressure on manufacturers' prices, which reduced
manufacturers' incentives to invest in capacity,
reliability, and new launches. We show that after the policy
change, shortages rose more for drugs with higher shares of
patients insured by Medicare, greater decreases in provider
reimbursement, and greater decreases in manufacturer
prices.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.20160035},
Key = {fds327199}
}
@article{fds322094,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Zhang, S},
Title = {Regulation of price increases},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {186-213},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2016.11.004},
Abstract = {U.S. federal and state governments rarely regulate
healthcare price levels, but do regulate price changes for
pharmaceuticals, hospitals, and health insurance. Previous
research showed that limiting price increases can raise
launch prices and reduce both profit and social welfare,
assuming consumers are myopic. We show that with
forward-looking consumers, limiting price increases can have
the opposite effect, that is, launch prices fall while
profit and social welfare rise. Ironically, inflation
regulation can cause inflation to rise, but only because
firms are reducing launch prices to make the regulation bind
and credibly commit to future prices.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2016.11.004},
Key = {fds322094}
}
@article{fds324786,
Author = {Ridley, DB},
Title = {Priorities for the Priority Review Voucher.},
Journal = {The American journal of tropical medicine and
hygiene},
Volume = {96},
Number = {1},
Pages = {14-15},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0600},
Abstract = {The U.S. Congress created the priority review voucher
program in 2007 to encourage development of drugs for
neglected diseases. Under the voucher program, the developer
of a drug for a neglected or rare pediatric disease that is
approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration receives a
bonus priority review voucher for another drug. As of 2016,
four vouchers have sold for an average price of $200
million. Recent experience with the voucher program
indicates strengths and weaknesses of the program, as well
as a need for legislative changes.},
Doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.16-0600},
Key = {fds324786}
}
@article{fds326924,
Author = {Basu, A and Axelsen, K and Grabowski, DC and Meltzer, DO and Polsky, D and Ridley, DB and Wiederkehr, D and Philipson, TJ},
Title = {Real-World Data: Policy Issues Regarding their Access and
Use.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {54},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1038-1044},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0000000000000603},
Abstract = {As real-world data (RWD) in health care begin to cross over
to the Big Data realms, a panel of health economists was
gathered to establish how well the current US policy
environment further the goals of RWD and, if not, what can
be done to improve matters. This report summarizes these
discussions spanning the current US landscape of RWD
availability and usefulness, private versus public
development of RWD assets, the current inherent bias in
terms of access to RWD, and guiding principles in providing
quality assessments of new RWD studies. Three main
conclusions emerge: (1) a business case is often required to
incentivize investments in RWD assets. However, access
restrictions for public data assets have failed to generate
a proper market for these data and hence may have led to an
underinvestment of public RWDs; (2) Very weak empirical
evidence exist on for-profit entities misusing public RWD
data entities to further their own agendas, which is the
basis for supporting access restrictions of public RWD data;
and (3) perhaps developing standardized metrics that could
flag misuse of RWDs in an efficient way could help quell
some of the fear of sharing public RWD assets with
for-profit entities. It is hoped that these discussions and
conclusions would pave the way for more rigorous and timely
debates on the greater availability and accessibility of RWD
assets.},
Doi = {10.1097/mlr.0000000000000603},
Key = {fds326924}
}
@article{fds326925,
Author = {Basu, A and Axelsen, K and Grabowski, DC and Meltzer, DO and Polsky, D and Ridley, DB and Wiederkehr, D and Philipson, TJ},
Title = {Real-World Data: Responses to Zito and Doshi.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {54},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1048-1049},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0000000000000655},
Doi = {10.1097/mlr.0000000000000655},
Key = {fds326925}
}
@article{fds328311,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Zhang, S},
Title = {Regulation of Price Increases},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds328311}
}
@article{fds322095,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Régnier, SA},
Title = {The Commercial Market For Priority Review
Vouchers.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {5},
Pages = {776-783},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1314},
Abstract = {In 2007 the US Congress created the priority review voucher
program to encourage the development of drugs for neglected
diseases. Under the program, the developer of a drug that
treats a neglected disease receives both a faster review of
the drug by the Food and Drug Administration and a voucher
for a faster review of a different drug. The developer can
sell the voucher. We estimated the commercial value of the
voucher using US sales of new treatments approved in the
period 2007-09. A third of the commercial value of a voucher
comes from capturing market share from competitors, nearly
half from the value of earlier sales because of the
expedited review, and less than a quarter from lengthening
the time between approval and the launch of a generic
competitor. We estimate that if only one priority review
voucher is available in a year, it will be worth more than
$200 million, but if four vouchers are available, the value
could fall below $100 million. Congress should be cautious
about expanding the voucher program, because increasing the
number of vouchers sharply decreases the expected price.
Lower voucher prices could undermine the incentive to
develop new medicines for neglected diseases.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1314},
Key = {fds322095}
}
@article{fds315138,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Dent, J and Egerton-Warburton, C},
Title = {Efficacy of the Priority Review Voucher Program.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {315},
Number = {15},
Pages = {1659-1660},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.0377},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2016.0377},
Key = {fds315138}
}
@article{fds315139,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Bei, X and Liebman, EB},
Title = {No Shot: US Vaccine Prices And Shortages.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {235-241},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0420},
Abstract = {In 2004 an Institute of Medicine report warned of vaccine
shortages, raising concerns about disease outbreaks. More
than a decade later, we looked for progress in reducing
vaccine shortages. We analyzed data on vaccine sales and
shortages reported by practitioners and patients to the Food
and Drug Administration and the American Society of
Health-System Pharmacists in the period 2004-13. We found
that the number of annual vaccine shortages peaked in 2007,
when there were shortages of seven vaccines; there were only
two shortages in 2013. There were no shortages of vaccines
with a mean price per dose greater than $75 during the study
period. Furthermore, we found that a 10 percent increase in
price was associated with a nearly 1 percent decrease in the
probability of a shortage. Government payers should
carefully consider the benefits of averting shortages when
evaluating prices for vaccines, including older vaccines
whose prices have been subject to congressional price
caps.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0420},
Key = {fds315139}
}
@article{fds267412,
Author = {Regnier, SA and Ridley, DB},
Title = {Market watch: Forecasting market share in the US
pharmaceutical market.},
Journal = {Nature reviews. Drug discovery},
Volume = {14},
Number = {9},
Pages = {594-595},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1474-1776},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd4697},
Doi = {10.1038/nrd4697},
Key = {fds267412}
}
@article{fds328312,
Author = {Regnier, SA and Ridley, DB},
Title = {Forecasting Market Share in the US Pharmaceutical
Market},
Journal = {Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2015.},
Volume = {14},
Number = {9},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds328312}
}
@article{fds267416,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Ellickson, PB and Landry, P and Ridley,
DB},
Title = {Pharmaceutical followers},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {538-553},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.10.005},
Abstract = {We estimate a model of drug demand and supply that
incorporates insurance, advertising, and competition between
branded and generic drugs within and across therapeutic
classes. We use data on antiulcer drugs from 1991 to 2010.
Our simulations show that generics and "me-too" drugs each
increased consumer welfare more than $100 million in 2010,
holding insurance premiums constant. However, insurance
payments in 2010 fell by nearly $1 billion due to generics
and rose by over $7 billion due to me-too antiulcer drugs.
© 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.10.005},
Key = {fds267416}
}
@article{fds328313,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Ellickson, PB and Landry, P and Ridley,
DB},
Title = {Pharmaceutical Followers},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds328313}
}
@article{fds267418,
Author = {Gans, JS and Ridley, DB},
Title = {Innovation incentives under transferable fast-track
regulatory review},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {789-816},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-1821},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joie.12026},
Abstract = {Under a 2007 U.S. law, the developer of a treatment for a
neglected disease is rewarded with a fast-track voucher that
can be sold to another developer. Similar fast-track
vouchers are being offered by other agencies. We model how
the existence of transferable, fast-track vouchers can
impact innovation for both humanitarian and other products,
and can create competition between otherwise unrelated
pursuits. We consider the tradability of fast-track vouchers
and map these to innovation race outcomes. Our analysis
highlights areas for further exploration in policy settings
as well as predictions for empirical analysis. © 2013 The
Editorial Board of The Journal of Industrial Economics and
John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/joie.12026},
Key = {fds267418}
}
@article{fds267417,
Author = {Ridley, DB},
Title = {Payments, promotion, and the purple pill},
Journal = {Health Economics (United Kingdom)},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {86-103},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1057-9230},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.3005},
Abstract = {Understanding competition in the US drug market requires
knowing how sensitive demand is to prices. The relevant
prices for insured consumers are copayments. There are many
studies of copayment elasticity in the health literature,
but they are of limited applicability for studies of
competition. Because of a paucity of data, such studies
typically control for neither competitor copayment nor
advertising. Whereas previous studies examined copayment
sensitivity when copayments for branded drugs move in
unison, this study examines copayment sensitivity when
copayments diverge. This study uses unique panel data of
insurance copayments and utilization for 77 insurance
groups, as well as data on advertising. The results indicate
that demand can be much more sensitive to copayment than
previously recognized. Manufacturers selling drugs with
higher copayments than branded competitors can lose
substantial market share. Manufacturers can offset the loss
of demand by increasing advertising to physicians, but it is
costly. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/hec.3005},
Key = {fds267417}
}
@article{fds267429,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Sánchez, AC},
Title = {Introduction of European priority review vouchers to
encourage development of new medicines for neglected
diseases.},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {376},
Number = {9744},
Pages = {922-927},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20833303},
Abstract = {Every year 1 billion people worldwide are affected by
traditionally neglected diseases, such as malaria,
tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, and lymphatic filariasis, which
impose tremendous public health burdens. Governments,
foundations, and drug manufacturers have, however, started
to support development of new treatments. European Union
Member States have been leaders in implementing so-called
push mechanisms (payment for drug development) and pull
funding (reward for output), such as the advance market
commitment, which creates a market for vaccines by
guaranteeing prices. We propose an additional step that
could be taken to encourage development of medicines for
neglected diseases. A priority review voucher scheme, as is
already in place in the USA, would reward a manufacturer
that developed a new medicine for neglected diseases with a
voucher that could be redeemed for priority review of a
future medicine, probably a potential blockbuster drug.
Unlike the US system a European voucher would also
accelerate pricing and reimbursement decisions. This scheme
would be likely to provide substantial benefits to voucher
holders, society, and public health organisations.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60669-1},
Key = {fds267429}
}
@article{fds267430,
Author = {Picone, GA and Ridley, DB and Zandbergen, PA},
Title = {Distance decreases with differentiation: Strategic
agglomeration by retailers},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {463-473},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2008.11.007},
Abstract = {Theory predicts intense price competition results when firms
cluster with rivals. Yet, strong evidence of clustering is
found in previous empirical research. Researchers typically
measure clustering by comparing observed location patterns
to random assignment. The random assignment benchmark does
not, however, account for zoning and geography and therefore
might overstate the extent of strategic agglomeration. As
evidence, we find that public elementary schools cluster
more than random, not because of agglomeration economies,
but due to demand density and limited location options. We
argue that a better measurement of strategic agglomeration
is to compare across product markets with similar zoning and
other location restrictions but different benefits from
agglomeration. We use L-function analysis of five product
markets in five cities. We find that retailers with greater
ability to differentiate their products are more likely to
strategically cluster. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2008.11.007},
Key = {fds267430}
}
@article{fds267427,
Author = {Moe, J and Grabowski, H and Ridley, D},
Title = {FDA review vouchers.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {360},
Number = {8},
Pages = {837},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmc086492},
Doi = {10.1056/nejmc086492},
Key = {fds267427}
}
@article{fds267428,
Author = {Ridley, DB},
Title = {Herding versus Hotelling: Market entry with costly
information},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {607-631},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1058-6407},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2008.00188.x},
Abstract = {Why do businesses such as fast-food restaurants, coffee
shops, and hotels cluster? In the classic analysis of
Hotelling, firms cluster to attract consumers who have
travel costs. We present an alternative model where firms
cluster because one firm is free riding on another firm's
information about market demand. One consequence of this
free riding is that an informed firm might forego a market
that it knows to be profitable. Furthermore, an uninformed
firm might earn higher profits when research costs are high,
because it can credibly commit to ignorance. © 2008 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1530-9134.2008.00188.x},
Key = {fds267428}
}
@article{fds267426,
Author = {Ridley, DB},
Title = {International price comparisons for novel and follow-on
drugs.},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {10},
Number = {6},
Pages = {510-511},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1098-3015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00238.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00238.x},
Key = {fds267426}
}
@article{fds267425,
Author = {Kyle, MK and Ridley, DB},
Title = {Would greater transparency and uniformity of health care
prices benefit poor patients?},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1384-1391},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.26.5.1384},
Abstract = {President Bush, the World Health Organization, and leading
scholars have called for greater price transparency in
health care. Prices are transparent when the buyer knows his
or her price or knows prices paid by others, in advance.
Transparent prices inform consumers of expected costs and
reveal when sellers are charging high prices to poor people.
Under some conditions, however, price transparency can
increase prices paid by the poor, deter business entry in
poor markets, reduce competition, lower investment, and
mislead if inaccurately measured by a third party. We
recommend alternative approaches to lowering prices for the
poor and increasing efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.26.5.1384},
Key = {fds267425}
}
@article{fds267423,
Author = {Grabowski, HG and Ridley, DB and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Entry and competition in generic biologics},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {439-451},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0143-6570},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6616 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Patents for several blockbuster biological products are
expected to expire soon. The Food and Drug Administration is
examining whether biologies can and should be treated like
pharmaceuticals with regard to generics. In contrast with
pharmaceuticals, which are manufactured through chemical
synthesis, biologies are manufactured through fermentation,
a process that is more variable and costly. Regulators might
require extensive clinical testing of generic biologies to
demonstrate equivalence to the branded product. The focus of
the debate on generic biologies has been on legal and health
concerns, but there are important economic implications. We
combine a theoretical model of generic biologies with
regression estimates from generic pharmaceuticals to
estimate market entry and prices in the generic biologic
market. We find that generic biologies will have high fixed
costs from clinical testing and from manufacturing, so there
will be less entry than would be expected for generic
pharmaceuticals. With fewer generic competitors, generic
biologies will be relatively close in price to branded
biologies. Policy makers should be prudent in estimating
financial benefits of generic biologies for consumers and
payers. We also examine possible government strategies to
promote generic competition. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/mde.1352},
Key = {fds267423}
}
@article{fds267422,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Axelsen, KJ},
Title = {Impact of Medicaid preferred drug lists on therapeutic
adherence.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {24 Suppl 3},
Pages = {65-78},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266389},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate rates of non-adherence for
statins following implementation of a preferred drug list
(PDL).<h4>Study design</h4>A retrospective cohort
study.<h4>Methods</h4>A difference-in-difference-in-difference
approach was used to estimate the impact of a PDL on the use
of statins in an Alabama Medicaid population. The PDL
restricted access to certain branded medications and imposed
a monthly prescription limit. The use of restricted drugs
was compared with the use of unrestricted drugs in the
months before and after the PDL in North Carolina (where
there were no such restrictions) and Alabama. Pharmacy data
from 2001 to 2005 were used to examine the effect of the
Alabama PDL implemented in 2004.<h4>Results</h4>Following
the PDL in Alabama, Medicaid beneficiaries treated with
statins had an 82% higher relative odds of becoming
non-adherent with statin therapy compared with North
Carolina and with pre-PDL Alabama [odds ratio (OR) 1.82, 95%
CI 1.57, 2.11]. Furthermore, patients taking a restricted
statin were more likely to be non-adherent than unrestricted
patients (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.12, 1.80). In addition, among
Medicaid beneficiaries taking a restricted statin, people
aged 65 years or older were more likely to be non-adherent
than their younger counterparts after the PDL (OR 1.33, 95%
CI 1.02, 1.73). Fifty-one per cent of patients in the
Alabama sample were non-adherent with statin therapy after
the PDL, compared with 39% before. Non-adherence was 36% in
North Carolina in both periods.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The
management of heart disease and high cholesterol are
important challenges, especially for low-income patients.
Policy makers should be aware that access restrictions can
have adverse consequences for patient adherence.},
Doi = {10.2165/00019053-200624003-00006},
Key = {fds267422}
}
@article{fds267432,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Kramer, JM},
Title = {Postapproval drug safety: The authors respond
[8]},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1187-1188},
Publisher = {Health Affairs (Project Hope)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.25.4.1184-a},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.4.1184-a},
Key = {fds267432}
}
@article{fds267421,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Kramer, JM},
Title = {Postapproval drug safety: The authors respond},
Journal = {HEALTH AFFAIRS},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1187-1188},
Publisher = {Health Affairs (Project Hope)},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.25.4.1187},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.4.1187},
Key = {fds267421}
}
@article{fds267424,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Grabowski, HG and Moe, JL},
Title = {Developing drugs for developing countries.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {313-324},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522573},
Abstract = {Infectious and parasitic diseases create enormous health
burdens, but because most of the people suffering from these
diseases are poor, little is invested in developing
treatments. We propose that developers of treatments for
neglected diseases receive a "priority review voucher." The
voucher could save an average of one year of U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) review and be sold by the
developer to the manufacturer of a blockbuster drug. In a
well-functioning market, the voucher would speed access to
highly valued treatments. Thus, the voucher could benefit
consumers in both developing and developed countries at
relatively low cost to the taxpayer.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.313},
Key = {fds267424}
}
@article{fds267433,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Kramer, JM and Tilson, HH and Grabowski, HG and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {Spending on postapproval drug safety.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {429-436},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522583},
Abstract = {Withdrawals of high-profile pharmaceuticals have focused
attention on post-approval safety surveillance. There have
been no systematic assessments of spending on postapproval
safety. We surveyed drug manufacturers regarding safety
efforts. Mean spending on postapproval safety per company in
2003 was 56 million dollars (0.3 percent of sales). Assuming
a constant safety-to-sales ratio, we estimated that total
spending on postapproval safety by the top twenty drug
manufacturers was 800 million dollars in 2003. We also
examined, using regression analysis, the relationship
between the number of safety personnel and the number of
initial adverse-event reports. This study offers information
for the debate on proposed changes to safety
surveillance.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.429},
Key = {fds267433}
}
@article{fds267419,
Author = {Ridley, DB},
Title = {Price differentiation and transparency in the global
pharmaceutical marketplace.},
Journal = {PharmacoEconomics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {7},
Pages = {651-658},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1170-7690},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15987224},
Abstract = {Pharmaceutical manufacturers have increased the availability
of their products and sometimes increased their own
financial returns by charging lower prices outside of the US
and by discounting to lower-income patients in the US.
Examples include discounted HIV-AIDS drugs in developing
countries and pharmaceutical manufacturers' discount cards
in the US. Representatives of some international
organisations argue that the price reductions are
insufficient to make the medications widely available to
lower-income patients. The WHO advocates both differential
pricing and price transparency. While its efforts are well
meaning, this paper identifies six concerns about its
methods of comparing the price of a given molecule across
manufacturers and across countries. More significantly, the
WHO efforts to increase transparency are likely to lead to
less price differentiation and less access to innovative
pharmaceuticals. An important reason why manufacturers are
reluctant to charge lower prices in lower-income countries
is that they fear that such low prices will undermine the
prices they charge to higher-income consumers. International
organisations should not facilitate transparency but should
dissuade governments from making price comparisons and
basing their prices on those of lower-income countries.
Furthermore, they should endeavour to keep low-priced and
free drugs in the hands of the low-income consumers for
which they were intended.},
Doi = {10.2165/00019053-200523070-00002},
Key = {fds267419}
}
@article{fds267420,
Author = {Ridley, DB and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Differential pricing of pharmaceuticals in the internet
age.},
Journal = {The Journal of ambulatory care management},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {210-214},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0148-9917},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15287210},
Abstract = {The Internet provides healthcare consumers with more
information about available prices and provides
pharmaceutical manufacturers with more information about
consumers' willingness to pay. The former effect tends to
undermine price differences while the latter tends to
support them. We believe that the former effect will
dominate and that the Internet will undermine differential
pricing of pharmaceuticals. This should be a concern for
manufacturers and policy makers, because differential
pricing of pharmaceuticals can increase access for the poor
and increase incentives for innovation. We suggest strategic
responses for manufacturers and policy makers.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004479-200407000-00004},
Key = {fds267420}
}
@article{fds267431,
Author = {Shah, BR and Reed, SD and Francis, J and Ridley, DB and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {The cost of inefficiency in US hospitals,
1985-1997.},
Journal = {J Health Care Finance},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2003},
ISSN = {1078-6767},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12967239},
Abstract = {We conducted a descriptive analysis of data from the
Hospital Cost Report Information System from 1985 through
1997 on nonfederal, short-stay hospitals in the United
States with 12-month reporting periods and valid data for
the primary outcomes. The main outcome measures were change
in number of beds, inpatient days, overhead cost per bed,
and overhead cost per inpatient day. Actual outcomes were
compared to predicted outcomes from: (1) a scenario holding
the ratio of overhead cost per volume constant throughout
the study period; and (2) a scenario holding overhead
expenditures for 1985 constant as volume changed. The sample
contained a mean of 3,605 hospitals per year. Volume
declined annually by 2.2 beds (95 percent confidence
interval [CI], 2.1 to 2.2; P < .001) and 997 inpatient days
(95 percent CI, 992 to 1,003; P < .001). Overhead cost per
bed increased by 3,388 dollars annually (95 percent CI,
3,049 to 3,737; P < .001) and overhead cost per inpatient
day increased by 40 dollars annually (95 percent CI, 36 to
44; P < .001). In the constant ratio scenario, mean overhead
cost per bed increased by 42,523 dollars (32 percent), and
mean overhead cost per inpatient day increased by 435
dollars (59 percent). In the constant overhead cost
scenario, overhead cost per bed increased 15 percent and
overhead cost per inpatient day increased 19 percent.
Hospital overhead costs are increasing faster than would be
expected if efficiency were the primary goal of hospital
management.},
Key = {fds267431}
}
%% Rigotti, Luca
@article{fds326062,
Author = {Rigotti, L and Ryan, M and Vaithianathan, R},
Title = {Optimism and firm formation},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-38},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-009-0501-x},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-009-0501-x},
Key = {fds326062}
}
%% Roberts, James W.
@article{fds343588,
Author = {Garrett, D and Ordin, A and Roberts, JW and Suárez Serrato,
JC},
Title = {Tax Advantages and Imperfect Competition in Auctions for
Municipal Bonds},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {90},
Number = {2},
Pages = {815-851},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdac035},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>We study the
interaction between tax advantages for municipal bonds and
the market structure of auctions for these bonds. We show
that this interaction can limit a bidder’s ability to
extract information rents and is a crucial determinant of
state and local governments’ borrowing costs. Reduced-form
estimates show that increasing the tax advantage by 3 pp
lowers mean borrowing costs by 9–10$\%$. We estimate a
structural auction model to measure markups and to
illustrate and quantify how the interaction between tax
policy and bidder strategic behaviour determines the impact
of tax advantages on municipal borrowing costs. We use the
estimated model to evaluate the efficiency of Obama and
Trump administration policies that limit the tax advantage
for municipal bonds. Because reductions in the tax advantage
inflate bidder markups and depress competition, the
resulting increase in municipal borrowing costs more than
offsets the tax savings to the government. Finally, we use
the model to analyse a recent non-tax regulation that
affects entry into municipal bond auctions.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdac035},
Key = {fds343588}
}
@article{fds368297,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Physicians as Owners and Agents-A Call for Further
Study.},
Journal = {Jama Internal Medicine},
Volume = {182},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1276-1277},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.5025},
Doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.5025},
Key = {fds368297}
}
@article{fds367602,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Assessment of Spending for Patients Initiating Dialysis
Care.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {10},
Pages = {e2239131},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>Despite a widespread belief that private
insurers spend large amounts on health care for enrollees
receiving dialysis, data limitations over the past decade
have precluded a comprehensive analysis of the
topic.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the amount and types of
increases in health care spending for privately insured
patients associated with initiating dialysis
care.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A cohort
study covering calendar years 2012 to 2019 included patients
with kidney failure who had employer-sponsored insurance for
12 months following dialysis initiation. Data analysis was
performed from August 27, 2021, to August 18, 2022. The data
cover the entirety of the US and were obtained from the
Health Care Cost Institute. The data include all medical
claims for enrollees in employer-sponsored health insurance
plans offered by multiple major health care insurers within
the US. Participants included patients younger than 65 years
who were continuously enrolled in these plans in the 12
months before and after their first claim for dialysis care.
Patients also had to have nonmissing documented key
characteristics, such as sex, race and ethnicity, and health
characteristics.<h4>Exposures</h4>A claim for dialysis
care.<h4>Main outcomes and measures</h4>Out-of-pocket,
inpatient, outpatient, physician services, prescription
medication, and total health care spending. The hypothesis
tested was formulated before data collection.<h4>Results</h4>The
sample included 309 800 enrollee-months, which was a
balanced panel of 25 months for 12 392 enrollees. At
baseline, 7534 patients (61%) were male, 5415 (44%) were
aged 55 to 64 years, and patients had been enrolled with
their insurer for a mean of 30 months (95% CI, 29.9-30.1
months). In the 12 months before initiating dialysis care,
total monthly health care spending was $5025 per patient per
month (95% CI, $4945-$5106). Dialysis care initiation was
associated with an increase in total monthly spending of
$14 685 (95% CI, $14 413-$14 957). This increase
occurred across all spending categories (dialysis,
nondialysis outpatient, inpatient, physician services, and
prescription drugs). Monthly patient out-of-pocket spending
increased by $170 (95% CI, $162-$178). These spending
increases occurred abruptly, beginning about 2 months before
dialysis initiation, and remained increased for the
subsequent 12 months.<h4>Conclusions and relevance</h4>In
this cohort study, evidence that private insurers experience
significant, sustained increases in spending when patients
initiated dialysis was noted. The findings suggest that
proposed policies aimed at limiting the amount dialysis
facilities charge private insurers and the enrollees has the
potential to reduce health care spending in this high-cost
population.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39131},
Key = {fds367602}
}
@article{fds362441,
Author = {Bhattacharya, V and Ordin, A and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Bidding and Drilling under Uncertainty: An Empirical
Analysis of Contingent Payment Auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {130},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1319-1363},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/718916},
Abstract = {Auctions are often used to sell assets whose future cash
flows require the winner to make postauction investments.
When winners’ payments are contingent on these cash flows,
auction design can influence both bidding and incentives to
exert effort after the auction. We propose a model of
contingent payment auctions that links auction design to
postauction economic activity. In the context of oil leases
in the Permian Basin, we show that moral hazard affects the
relative revenue ranking of different auction designs. Among
a large class of alternatives, the observed design cannot be
changed to increase both revenues and drilling
rates.},
Doi = {10.1086/718916},
Key = {fds362441}
}
@article{fds363228,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, K and Joynt Maddox and KE and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Offodile, AC},
Title = {Association Between Hospital Private Equity Acquisition and
Outcomes of Acute Medical Conditions Among Medicare
Beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e229581},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>As private equity (PE) acquisitions of
short-term acute care hospitals (ACHs) continue, their
impact on the care of medically vulnerable older adults
remains largely unexplored.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate
the association between PE acquisition of ACHs and access to
care, patient outcomes, and spending among Medicare
beneficiaries hospitalized with acute medical
conditions.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This
cross-sectional study used a generalized
difference-in-differences approach to compare 21 091 222
patients admitted to PE-acquired vs non-PE-acquired
short-term ACHs between January 1, 2001, and December 31,
2018, at least 3 years before to 3 years after PE
acquisition. The analysis was conducted between December 28,
2020, and February 1, 2022. Differences were estimated using
both facility and hospital service area fixed effects. To
assess the robustness of findings, regressions were
reestimated after including fixed effects of patient county
of origin to account for geographic differences in
underlying health risks. Two subset analyses were also
conducted: (1) an analysis including only hospitals in
hospital referral regions with at least 1 PE acquisition and
(2) an analysis stratified by participation in the Hospital
Corporation of America 2006 acquisition. The study included
Medicare beneficiaries 66 years and older who were
hospitalized with 1 of 5 acute medical conditions: acute
myocardial infarction (AMI), acute stroke, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and pneumonia.<h4>Exposures</h4>Acquisition
of hospitals by PE firms.<h4>Main outcomes and
measures</h4>Comorbidity burden (measured by Elixhauser
comorbidity score), hospital length of stay, in-hospital
mortality, 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, and 30-day
episode payments.<h4>Results</h4>Among 21 091 222 total
Medicare beneficiaries admitted to ACHs between 2001 and
2018, 20 431 486 patients received care at non-PE-acquired
hospitals, and 659 736 received care at PE-acquired
hospitals. Across all admissions, the mean (SD) age was
79.45 (7.95) years; 11 727 439 patients (55.6%) were
male, and 4 550 012 patients (21.6%) had dual insurance;
2 996 560 (14.2%) patients were members of racial or ethnic
minority groups, including 2 085 128 [9.9%] Black and 371
648 [1.8%] Hispanic; 18 094 662 patients (85.8%) were
White. Overall, 3 083 760 patients (14.6%) were hospitalized
with AMI, 2 835 777 (13.4%) with acute stroke, 3 674
477 (17.4%) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
exacerbation, 5 868 034 (27.8%) with congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and 5 629 174 (26.7%) with pneumonia.
Comorbidity burden decreased slightly among patients
admitted with acute stroke (difference, -0.04 SDs; 95% CI,
-0.004 to -0.07 SDs) at acquired hospitals compared with
nonacquired hospitals but was unchanged across the other 4
conditions. Among patients with AMI, a greater decrease in
in-hospital mortality was observed in PE-acquired hospitals
compared with non-PE-acquired hospitals (difference, -1.14
percentage points, 95% CI, -1.86 to -0.42 percentage
points). In addition, a greater decrease in 30-day mortality
(difference, -1.41 percentage points; 95% CI, -2.26 to -0.56
percentage points) was found at acquired vs nonacquired
hospitals. However, 30-day spending and readmission rates
remained unchanged across all conditions. The extent and
directionality of estimates were preserved across all
robustness assessments and subset analyses.<h4>Conclusions
and relevance</h4>In this cross-sectional study using a
difference-in-differences approach, PE acquisition had no
substantial association with the patient-level outcomes
examined, although it was associated with a moderate
improvement in mortality among Medicare beneficiaries
hospitalized with AMI.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Key = {fds363228}
}
@article{fds362155,
Author = {Li, S and Mazur, J and Park, Y and Roberts, J and Sweeting, A and Zhang,
J},
Title = {Repositioning and market power after airline
mergers},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {166-199},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12404},
Abstract = {We estimate a model of route-level competition between
airlines who choose whether to offer nonstop or connecting
service before setting prices. Airlines have full
information about all quality, marginal cost, and fixed cost
unobservables throughout the game, so that service choices
will be selected on these residuals. We conduct merger
simulations that allow for repositioning and account for the
selection implied by the model and the data. Accounting for
selection materially affects the predicted likelihood of
repositioning and the predicted magnitude of post-merger
price changes, and it allows us to match what has been
observed after consummated mergers.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12404},
Key = {fds362155}
}
@article{fds362341,
Author = {League, RJ and Eliason, P and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Wong,
H},
Title = {Variability in Prices Paid for Hemodialysis by
Employer-Sponsored Insurance in the US From 2012 to
2019.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e220562},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0562},
Key = {fds362341}
}
@article{fds361184,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, KK and Roberts, J and McDevitt, RC and Offodile,
AC},
Title = {Private Equity Acquisition And Responsiveness To
Service-Line Profitability At Short-Term Acute Care
Hospitals.},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1697-1705},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Abstract = {As private equity firms continue to increase their ownership
stake in various health care sectors in the US, questions
arise about potential impacts on the organization and
delivery of care. Using a difference-in-differences
approach, we investigated changes in service-line provision
in private equity-acquired hospitals. Relative to
nonacquired hospitals, private equity acquisition was
associated with a higher probability of adding specific
profitable hospital-based services (interventional cardiac
catheterization, hemodialysis, and labor and delivery),
profitable technologies (robotic surgery and digital
mammography), and freestanding or satellite emergency
departments. Moreover, private equity acquisition was
associated with an increased probability of providing
services that were previously categorized as unprofitable
but that have more recently become areas of financial
opportunity (for example, mental health services). Finally,
private equity-acquired hospitals were less likely to add or
continue services that have unreliable revenue streams or
that may face competition from nonprofit hospitals (for
example, outpatient psychiatry), although fewer shifts were
noted among unprofitable services. This may reflect a
prevailing shift by acute care hospitals toward outpatient
settings for appropriate procedures and synergies with
existing holdings by private equity firms.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Key = {fds361184}
}
@article{fds325935,
Author = {Sweeting, A and Roberts, JW and Gedge, C},
Title = {A model of dynamic limit pricing with an application to the
airline industry},
Pages = {1148-1193},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/704760},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic limit pricing model where an incumbent
repeatedly signals information relevant to a potential
entrant’s expected profitability. The model is tractable,
with a unique equilibrium under refinement, and dynamics
contribute to large equilibrium price changes. We show that
the model can explain why incumbent airlines cut prices
dramatically on routes threatened with entry by Southwest,
presenting new reduced-form evidence and a calibration that
predicts a pattern of price changes across markets similar
to the one observed in the data. We use our calibrated model
to quantify the welfare effects of asymmetric information
and subsidies designed to encourage Southwest’s
entry.},
Doi = {10.1086/704760},
Key = {fds325935}
}
@article{fds348895,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and Heebsh, B and McDevitt, RC and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {How Acquisitions Affect Firm Behavior and Performance:
Evidence from the Dialysis Industry},
Journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {135},
Number = {1},
Pages = {221-267},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjz034},
Abstract = {Many industries have become increasingly concentrated
through mergers and acquisitions, which in health care may
have important consequences for spending and outcomes. Using
a rich panel of Medicare claims data for nearly one million
dialysis patients, we advance the literature on the effects
of mergers and acquisitions by studying the precise ways
providers change their behavior following an acquisition. We
base our empirical analysis on more than 1,200 acquisitions
of independent dialysis facilities by large chains over a
12-year period and find that chains transfer several
prominent strategies to the facilities they acquire. Most
notably, acquired facilities converge to the behavior of
their new parent companies by increasing patients' doses of
highly reimbursed drugs, replacing high-skill nurses with
less-skilled technicians, and waitlisting fewer patients for
kidney transplants. We then show that patients fare worse as
a result of these changes: outcomes such as hospitalizations
and mortality deteriorate, with our long panel allowing us
to identify these effects from within-facility or
within-patient variation around the acquisitions. Because
overall Medicare spending increases at acquired facilities,
mostly as a result of higher drug reimbursements, this
decline in quality corresponds to a decline in value for
payers. We conclude the article by considering the channels
through which acquisitions produce such large changes in
provider behavior and outcomes, finding that increased
market power cannot explain the decline in quality. Rather,
the adoption of the acquiring firm's strategies and
practices drives our main results, with greater economies of
scale for drug purchasing responsible for more than half of
the change in profits following an acquisition.},
Doi = {10.1093/qje/qjz034},
Key = {fds348895}
}
@article{fds352779,
Author = {Bayer, P and Geissler, C and Mangum, K and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {Speculators and middlemen: The strategy and performance of
investors in the housing market},
Pages = {5212-5247},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/RFS/HHAA042},
Abstract = {Using data from the Los Angeles area from 1988 to 2012, we
study the behavior and sources of returns of individual
investors in the housing market. We document the existence
of two distinct investor types. The first act as middlemen,
purchasing substantially below and reselling above market
prices throughout the cycle, improving liquidity and the
existing capital stock in the process. The second act as
speculators, who primarily enter during the boom, buying and
selling at essentially market prices. Neither type
anticipated the housing bust. We document similar behavior
by speculators and middlemen in 96 other U.S. metro
areas.},
Doi = {10.1093/RFS/HHAA042},
Key = {fds352779}
}
@article{fds325455,
Author = {Eliason, PJ and Grieco, PLE and McDevitt, RC and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {Strategic Patient Discharge: the Case of Long-Term Care
Hospitals.},
Pages = {3232-3265},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170092},
Abstract = {Medicare's prospective payment system for long-term
acute-care hospitals (LTCHs) provides modest reimbursements
at the beginning of a patient's stay before jumping
discontinuously to a large lump-sum payment after a
prespecified number of days. We show that LTCHs respond to
the financial incentives of this system by
disproportionately discharging patients after they cross the
large-payment threshold. We find this occurs more often at
for-profit facilities, facilities acquired by leading LTCH
chains, and facilities colocated with other hospitals. Using
a dynamic structural model, we evaluate counterfactual
payment policies that would provide substantial savings for
Medicare.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20170092},
Key = {fds325455}
}
@article{fds343587,
Author = {Li, Y and Mazur, L and Park, Y and Roberts, JW and Sweeting, A and Zhang,
J},
Title = {Endogenous and Selective Service Choices after Airline
Mergers},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds343587}
}
@article{fds320614,
Author = {Bayer, P and Mangum, K and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Speculative Fever: Investor Contagion in the Housing
Bubble},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid)},
Volume = {111},
Number = {211},
Pages = {51 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/AER.20171611},
Abstract = {Historical anecdotes of new investors being drawn into a
booming asset market, only to suffer when the market turns,
abound. While the role of investor contagion in asset
bubbles has been explored extensively in the theoretical
literature, causal empirical evidence on the topic is
virtually non-existent. This paper studies the recent boom
and bust in the U.S. housing market, and establishes that
many novice investors entered the market as a direct result
of observing investing activity of multiple forms in their
own neighborhoods, and that “infected” investors
performed poorly relative to other investors along several
dimensions.},
Doi = {10.1257/AER.20171611},
Key = {fds320614}
}
@article{fds323213,
Author = {Roberts, JW and Sweeting, A},
Title = {Bailouts and the preservation of competition: The case of
the federal timber contract payment modification
act},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {257-288},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20150070},
Abstract = {We estimate the value of competition in United States Forest
Service (USFS) timber auctions, in the context of the Reagan
administration's bailout of firms that faced substantial
losses on existing contracts. We use a model with endogenous
entry by asymmetric firms, allowing survivors to respond to
the exit of bailed-out firms by entering more auctions and
for these marginal entrants to have lower values than firms
that would choose to enter in any event, a selective entry
effect. Observed asymmetries and selective entry contribute
to us finding that the bailout may have increased USFS
revenues in subsequent auctions quite substantially.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20150070},
Key = {fds323213}
}
@article{fds325777,
Author = {Bayer, PJ and Geissler, C and Mangum, K and Roberts,
JW},
Title = {Speculators and Middlemen: The Strategy and Performance of
Investors in the Housing Market},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {93},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325777}
}
@article{fds325934,
Author = {Bhattacharya, V and Roberts, JW and Sweeting, A},
Title = {Regulating bidder participation in auctions},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {675-704},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12067},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12067},
Key = {fds325934}
}
@article{fds285766,
Author = {Mcdevitt, RC and Roberts, JW},
Title = {Market structure and gender disparity in health care:
Preferences, competition, and quality of
care},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {116-139},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12044},
Abstract = {We consider the relationship between market structure and
health outcomes in a setting where patients have stark
preferences: urology patients disproportionately match with
a urologist of the same gender. In the United States,
however, fewer than 6% of urologists are women despite women
constituting 30% of patients. We explain a portion of this
disparity with a model of imperfect competition in which
urology groups strategically differentiate themselves by
employing female urologists. These strategic effects may
influence women's health, as markets without a female
urologist have a 7.3% higher death rate for female bladder
cancer, all else equal. © 2014, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12044},
Key = {fds285766}
}
@article{fds285767,
Author = {Roberts, JW},
Title = {Unobserved heterogeneity and reserve prices in
auctions},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {712-732},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12038},
Abstract = {This article shows how reserve prices can be used to control
for unobserved object heterogeneity to identify and estimate
the distribution of bidder values in auctions. Reserve
prices are assumed to be monotonic in the realization of
unobserved heterogeneity, but not necessarily set optimally.
The model is estimated using transaction prices from a used
car auction platform to show that the platform enables
sellers to capture a large fraction of the potential value
from selling their vehicle. Individual sellers benefit
mostly from access to a large set of buyers, but the
magnitude depends on accounting for unobserved
heterogeneity. © 2014, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12038},
Key = {fds285767}
}
@article{fds285768,
Author = {Roberts, JW and Sweeting, A},
Title = {When Should Sellers Use Auctions?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1830-1861},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000322878200009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A bidding process can be organized so that offers are
submitted simultaneously or sequentially. In the latter
case, potential buyers can condition their behavior on
previous entrants' decisions. The relative performance of
these mechanisms is investigated when entry is costly and
selective, meaning that potential buyers with higher values
are more likely to participate. A simple sequential
mechanism can give both buyers and sellers significantly
higher payoffs than the commonly used simultaneous bid
auction. The findings are illustrated with parameters
estimated from simultaneous entry USFS timber auctions where
our estimates predict that the sequential mechanism would
increase revenue and efficiency.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.103.5.1830},
Key = {fds285768}
}
@article{fds158824,
Author = {Ben Handel and Kanishka Misra and James W.
Roberts},
Title = {Robust Firm Pricing with Panel Data},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds158824}
}
@article{fds158821,
Author = {James W. Roberts},
Title = {Unobserved Heterogeneity and Reserve Prices in
Auctions},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds158821}
}
@article{fds164577,
Author = {J.W. Roberts and Ryan C. McDevitt},
Title = {Gender Disparity in Urology: Preferences, Competition and
Quality of Care},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds164577}
}
@article{fds158822,
Author = {James W. Roberts},
Title = {Can Warranties Substitute for Reputations?},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds158822}
}
@article{fds158825,
Author = {Seda Ertac and Ali Hortacsu and James W. Roberts},
Title = {Entry into Auctions: An Experimental Analysis},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds158825}
}
%% Rosen, Adam M
@article{fds369742,
Author = {Chesher, A and Kim, D and Rosen, AM},
Title = {IV methods for Tobit models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {235},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1700-1724},
Year = {2023},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.01.010},
Abstract = {This paper studies models of processes generating censored
outcomes with endogenous explanatory variables and
instrumental variable restrictions. Tobit-type left
censoring at zero is the primary focus in the exposition.
Extension to stochastic censoring is sketched. The models do
not specify the process determining endogenous explanatory
variables and they do not embody restrictions justifying
control function approaches. Consequently, they can be
partially or point identifying. Identified sets are
characterized and it is shown how inference can be performed
on scalar functions of partially identified parameters when
exogenous variables have rich support. In an application
using data on UK household tobacco expenditures inference is
conducted on the coefficient of an endogenous total
expenditure variable with and without a Gaussian
distributional restriction on the unobservable and compared
with the results obtained using a point identifying complete
triangular model.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2023.01.010},
Key = {fds369742}
}
@article{fds364332,
Author = {Aristodemou, E and Rosen, AM},
Title = {A discrete choice model for partially ordered
alternatives},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {863-906},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1497},
Abstract = {In this paper, we analyze a discrete choice model for
partially ordered alternatives. The alternatives are
differentiated along two dimensions: the first an unordered
“horizontal” dimension, and the second an ordered
“vertical” dimension. The model can be used in
circumstances in which individuals choose among products of
different brands, wherein each brand offers an ordered
choice menu, for example, by offering products of varying
quality. The unordered–ordered nature of the discrete
choice problem is used to characterize the identified set of
model parameters. Following an initial nonparametric
analysis that relies on shape restrictions inherent in the
ordered dimension of the problem, we then provide a
specialized analysis for parametric specifications that
generalize common ordered choice models. We characterize
conditional choice probabilities as a function of model
primitives with particular analysis focusing on cases in
which unobservable taste for quality of each brand offering
is multivariate normally distributed. We provide explicit
formulae used for estimation and inference via maximum
likelihood, and we consider inference based on Wald and
quasi-likelihood ratio statistics, the latter of which can
be robust to a possible lack of point identification. An
empirical illustration is conducted using data on razor
blade purchases in which each brand has product offerings
vertically differentiated by quality.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1497},
Key = {fds364332}
}
@article{fds359883,
Author = {Aradillas-López, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Inference in ordered response games with complete
information},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {226},
Number = {2},
Pages = {451-476},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.09.017},
Abstract = {We study inference in complete information games with
discrete strategy spaces. Unlike binary games, we allow for
rich strategy spaces and we only assume that they are
ordinal in nature. We derive observable implications of
equilibrium play under mild shape restrictions on payoff
functions, and we characterize sharp identified sets for
model parameters. We propose a novel inference method based
on a test statistic that embeds conditional moment
inequalities implied by equilibrium behavior. Our statistic
has asymptotically pivotal properties that depend on the
measure of contact sets, to which our statistic adapts
automatically. In the case of two players and strategic
substitutes we show that certain payoff parameters are point
identified under mild conditions. We embed conventional
point estimates for these parameters in our conditional
moment inequality test statistic in order to perform
inference on the remaining (partially identified)
parameters. We apply our method to model the number of
stores operated by Lowe's and Home Depot in geographic
markets and perform inference on several quantities of
economic interest.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.09.017},
Key = {fds359883}
}
@misc{fds358015,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Counterfactual worlds},
Journal = {Annals of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {142},
Pages = {311-335},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15609/ANNAECONSTAT2009.142.0311},
Abstract = {We study an extension of a treatment effect model in which
an observed discrete classifier indicates which one of a set
of counterfactual processes occurs, each of which may result
in the realization of several endogenous outcomes. In
addition to the classifier indicating which process was
realized, other observed outcomes are delivered by the
particular counterfactual process. Models of the
counterfactual processes can be incomplete in the sense that
even with knowledge of the values of observed exogenous and
unobserved variables they may not deliver a unique value of
the endogenous outcomes. Thus, relative to the usual
treatment effect models, counterfactual outcomes are
replaced by counterfactual processes. The determination of
endogenous variables in these counterfactual processes may
be modeled by the researcher, and impacted by observable
exogenous variables restricted to be independent of certain
unobservable variables as in instrumental variable models.
We study the identifying power of models of this sort that
incorporate (i) conditional independence restrictions under
which unobserved variables and the classifier variable are
stochastically independent conditional on some of the
observed exogenous variables and (ii) marginal independence
restrictions under which unobservable variables and a subset
of the exogenous variables are independently distributed.
Building on results in Chesher and Rosen (2017), we
characterize the identifying power of these models for
fundamental structural relationships and probability
distributions of unobservable heterogeneity. JEL Codes: C10,
C20, C26, C30, C36, C51.},
Doi = {10.15609/ANNAECONSTAT2009.142.0311},
Key = {fds358015}
}
@article{fds366380,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Generalized instrumental variable models, methods, and
applications⋆},
Journal = {Handbook of Econometrics},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {1-110},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.hoe.2019.11.001},
Abstract = {This chapter sets out the extension of the scope of the
classical IV model to cases in which unobserved variables
are set-valued functions of observed variables. The
resulting Generalized IV (GIV) models can be used when
outcomes are discrete while unobserved variables are
continuous, when there are rich specifications of
heterogeneity as in random coefficient models, and when
there are inequality restrictions constraining observed
outcomes and unobserved variables. There are many other
applications and classical IV models arise as a special
case. The chapter provides characterizations of the
identified sets delivered by GIV models. It gives details of
the application of GIV analysis to models with an interval
censored endogenous variable and to binary outcome models
– for example probit models – with endogenous
explanatory variables. It illustrates how the identified
sets delivered by GIV models can be represented by moment
inequality characterizations that have been the focus of
recently developed methods for inference. An empirical
application to a binary outcome model of female labor force
participation is worked through in detail.},
Doi = {10.1016/bs.hoe.2019.11.001},
Key = {fds366380}
}
@article{fds326824,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Generalized Instrumental Variable Models},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {85},
Number = {3},
Pages = {959-989},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA12223},
Abstract = {This paper develops characterizations of identified sets of
structures and structural features for complete and
incomplete models involving continuous or discrete
variables. Multiple values of unobserved variables can be
associated with particular combinations of observed
variables. This can arise when there are multiple sources of
heterogeneity, censored or discrete endogenous variables, or
inequality restrictions on functions of observed and
unobserved variables. The models generalize the class of
incomplete instrumental variable (IV) models in which
unobserved variables are single-valued functions of observed
variables. Thus the models are referred to as generalized IV
(GIV) models, but there are important cases in which
instrumental variable restrictions play no significant role.
Building on a definition of observational equivalence for
incomplete models the development uses results from random
set theory that guarantee that the characterizations deliver
sharp bounds, thereby dispensing with the need for
case-by-case proofs of sharpness. The use of random sets
defined on the space of unobserved variables allows
identification analysis under mean and quantile independence
restrictions on the distributions of unobserved variables
conditional on exogenous variables as well as under a full
independence restriction. The results are used to develop
sharp bounds on the distribution of valuations in an
incomplete model of English auctions, improving on the
pointwise bounds available until now. Application of many of
the results of the paper requires no familiarity with random
set theory.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA12223},
Key = {fds326824}
}
@article{fds326189,
Author = {Ho, K and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Partial Identification in Applied Research: Benefits and
Challenges},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds326189}
}
@article{fds325683,
Author = {Chernozhukov, V and Kim, W and Lee, S and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Implementing intersection bounds in stata},
Journal = {Stata Journal},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-44},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1501500103},
Abstract = {We present the clrbound, clr2bound, clr3bound, and clrtest
commands for estimation and inference on intersection bounds
as developed by Chernozhukov, Lee, and Rosen (2013,
Econometrica 81: 667–737). The intersection bounds
framework encompasses situations where a population
parameter of interest is partially identified by a
collection of consistently estimable upper and lower bounds.
The identified set for the parameter is the intersection of
regions defined by this collection of bounds. More
generally, the methodology can be applied to settings where
an estimable function of a vector-valued parameter is
bounded from above and below, as is the case when the
identified set is characterized by conditional moment
inequalities. The commands clrbound, clr2bound, and
clr3bound provide bound estimates that can be used directly
for estimation or to construct asymptotically valid
confidence sets. clrtest performs an intersection bound test
of the hypothesis that a collection of lower intersection
bounds is no greater than zero. The command clrbound
provides bound estimates for one-sided lower or upper
intersection bounds on a parameter, while clr2bound and
clr3bound provide two-sided bound estimates using both lower
and upper intersection bounds. clr2bound uses Bonferroni’s
inequality to construct two-sided bounds that can be used to
perform asymptotically valid inference on the identified set
or the parameter of interest, whereas clr3bound provides a
generally tighter confidence interval for the parameter by
inverting the hypothesis test performed by clrtest. More
broadly, inversion of this test can also be used to
construct confidence sets based on conditional moment
inequalities as described in Chernozhukov, Lee, and Rosen
(2013). The commands include parametric, series, and local
linear estimation procedures.},
Doi = {10.1177/1536867x1501500103},
Key = {fds325683}
}
@article{fds325261,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {An instrumental variable random-coefficients model for
binary outcomes.},
Journal = {The econometrics journal},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {S1-S19},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ectj.12018},
Abstract = {In this paper, we study a random-coefficients model for a
binary outcome. We allow for the possibility that some or
even all of the explanatory variables are arbitrarily
correlated with the random coefficients, thus permitting
endogeneity. We assume the existence of observed
instrumental variables <i>Z</i> that are jointly independent
with the random coefficients, although we place no structure
on the joint determination of the endogenous variable
<i>X</i> and instruments <i>Z</i>, as would be required for
a control function approach. The model fits within the
spectrum of generalized instrumental variable models, and we
thus apply identification results from our previous studies
of such models to the present context, demonstrating their
use. Specifically, we characterize the identified set for
the distribution of random coefficients in the binary
response model with endogeneity via a collection of
conditional moment inequalities, and we investigate the
structure of these sets by way of numerical
illustration.},
Doi = {10.1111/ectj.12018},
Key = {fds325261}
}
@article{fds351131,
Author = {Chernozhukov, V and Kim, W and Lee, SS and Rosen,
A},
Title = {Implementing intersection bounds in Stata},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We present the clrbound, clr2bound, clr3bound, and clrtest
commands for estimation and inference on intersection bounds
as developed by Chernozhukov et al. (2013). The intersection
bounds framework encompasses situations where a population
parameter of interest is partially identi?ed by a collection
of consistently estimable upper and lower bounds. The
identi?ed set for the parameter is the intersection of
regions de?ned by this collection of bounds. More generally,
the methodology can be applied to settings where an
estimable function of a vector-valued parameter is bounded
from above and below, as is the case when the identi?ed set
is characterized by conditional moment inequalities. The
commands clrbound, clr2bound, and clr3bound provide bound
estimates that can be used directly for estimation or to
construct asymptotically valid con?dence sets. clrtest
performs an intersection bound test of the hypothesis that a
collection of lower intersection bounds is no greater than
zero. The command clrbound provides bound estimates for
one-sided lower or upper intersection bounds on a parameter,
while clr2bound and clr3bound provide two-sided bound
estimates based on both lower and upper intersection bounds.
clr2bound uses Bonferroni’s inequality to construct
two-sided bounds that can be used to perform asymptotically
valid inference on the identi?ed set or the parameter of
interest, whereas clr3bound provides a generally tighter
con?dence interval for the parameter by inverting the
hypothesis test performed by clrtest. More broadly,
inversion of this test can also be used to construct
con?dence sets based on conditional moment inequalities as
described in Chernozhukov et al. (2013). The commands
include parametric, series, and local linear estimation
procedures, and can be installed from within STATA by typing
“ssc install clrbound”.},
Key = {fds351131}
}
@article{fds351132,
Author = {Chernozhukov, V and Kim, W and Lee, SS and Rosen,
A},
Title = {Implementing intersection bounds in Stata},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {We present the clrbound, clr2bound, clr3bound and clrtest
commands for estimation and inference developed by
Chernozhukov et al. (2013). The commands clrbound, clr2bound
and clr3bound provide bound estimates that can be used
directly for estimation or to construct asymptotically valid
confidence sets. The command clrbound provides bound
estimates for one-sided lower or upper intersection bounds
on a parameter, while clr2bound and clr3bound provide
two-sided bound estimates based on both lower and upper
intersection bounds. clr2bound uses Bonferroni's inequality
to construct two-sided bounds, whereas clr3bound inverts a
hypothesis test. The former can be used to perform
asymptotically valid inference on the identified set or the
parameter, while the latter can be used to provide
asymptotically valid and generally tighter confidence
intervals for the parameter. clrtest performs an
intersection bound test of the hypothesis that a collection
of lower intersection bounds is no greater than zero.
Inversion of this test can be used to construct confidence
sets based on conditional moment inequalities as described
in Chernozhukov et al. (2013). The commands include
parametric, series and local linear estimation procedures
and can be installed from within Stata by typing 'ssc
install clrbound'.},
Key = {fds351132}
}
@article{fds325262,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM and Smolinski, K},
Title = {An instrumental variable model of multiple discrete
choice},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {157-196},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE240},
Abstract = {This paper studies identification in multiple discrete
choice models in which there may be endogenous explanatory
variables, that is, explanatory variables that are not
restricted to be distributed independently of the unobserved
determinants of latent utilities. The model does not employ
large support, special regressor, or control function
restrictions; indeed, it is silent about the process that
delivers values of endogenous explanatory variables, and in
this respect it is incomplete. Instead, the model employs
instrumental variable restrictions that require the
existence of instrumental variables that are excluded from
latent utilities and distributed independently of the
unobserved components of utilities. We show that the model
delivers set identification of latent utility functions and
the distribution of unobserved heterogeneity, and we
characterize sharp bounds on these objects. We develop
easy-to-compute outer regions that, in parametric models,
require little more calculation than what is involved in a
conventional maximum likelihood analysis. The results are
illustrated using a model that is essentially the
conditional logit model of 41, but with potentially
endogenous explanatory variables and instrumental variable
restrictions. The method employed has wide applicability and
for the first time brings instrumental variable methods to
bear on structural models in which there are multiple
unobservables in a structural equation. © 2013 Andrew
Chesher, Adam M. Rosen, and Konrad Smolinski.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE240},
Key = {fds325262}
}
@article{fds325263,
Author = {Chesher, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {What do instrumental variable models deliver with discrete
dependent variables?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {3},
Pages = {557-562},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.3.557},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.103.3.557},
Key = {fds325263}
}
@article{fds325264,
Author = {Chernozhukov, V and Lee, S and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Intersection Bounds: Estimation and Inference},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {667-737},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA8718},
Abstract = {We develop a practical and novel method for inference on
intersection bounds, namely bounds defined by either the
infimum or supremum of a parametric or nonparametric
function, or, equivalently, the value of a linear
programming problem with a potentially infinite constraint
set. We show that many bounds characterizations in
econometrics, for instance bounds on parameters under
conditional moment inequalities, can be formulated as
intersection bounds. Our approach is especially convenient
for models comprised of a continuum of inequalities that are
separable in parameters, and also applies to models with
inequalities that are nonseparable in parameters. Since
analog estimators for intersection bounds can be severely
biased in finite samples, routinely underestimating the size
of the identified set, we also offer a median-bias-corrected
estimator of such bounds as a by-product of our inferential
procedures. We develop theory for large sample inference
based on the strong approximation of a sequence of series or
kernel-based empirical processes by a sequence of
"penultimate" Gaussian processes. These penultimate
processes are generally not weakly convergent, and thus are
non-Donsker. Our theoretical results establish that we can
nonetheless perform asymptotically valid inference based on
these processes. Our construction also provides new adaptive
inequality/moment selection methods. We provide conditions
for the use of nonparametric kernel and series estimators,
including a novel result that establishes strong
approximation for any general series estimator admitting
linearization, which may be of independent interest. © 2013
The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA8718},
Key = {fds325264}
}
@article{fds325265,
Author = {Nevo, A and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Identification with imperfect instruments},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {94},
Number = {3},
Pages = {659-671},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00171},
Abstract = {Dealing with endogenous regressors is a central challenge of
applied research. The standard solution is to use
instrumental variables that are assumed to be uncorrelated
with unobservables. We instead allow the instrumental
variable to be correlated with the error term, but we assume
the correlation between the instrumental variable and the
error term has the same sign as the correlation between the
endogenous regressor and the error term and that the
instrumental variable is less correlated with the error term
than is the endogenous regressor. Using these assumptions,
we derive analytic bounds for the parameters. We demonstrate
that the method can generate useful (set) estimates by using
it to estimate demand for differentiated products. © 2012
by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00171},
Key = {fds325265}
}
@article{fds325266,
Author = {Rosen, AM},
Title = {Set identification via quantile restrictions in short
panels},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {166},
Number = {1},
Pages = {127-137},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.011},
Abstract = {This paper studies the identifying power of conditional
quantile restrictions in short panels with fixed effects. In
contrast to classical fixed effects models with conditional
mean restrictions, conditional quantile restrictions are not
preserved by taking differences in the regression equation
over time. This paper shows however that a conditional
quantile restriction, in conjunction with a weak conditional
independence restriction, provides bounds on quantiles of
differences in time-varying unobservables across periods.
These bounds carry observable implications for model
parameters which generally result in set identification. The
analysis of these bounds includes conditions for point
identification of the parameter vector, as well as weaker
conditions that result in point identification of individual
parameter components. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.011},
Key = {fds325266}
}
@article{fds325267,
Author = {Rosen, AM},
Title = {Confidence sets for partially identified parameters that
satisfy a finite number of moment inequalities},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-117},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.08.001},
Abstract = {This paper proposes a computationally simple way to
construct confidence sets for a parameter of interest in
models comprised of moment inequalities. Building on results
from the literature on multivariate one-sided tests, I show
how to test the hypothesis that any particular parameter
value is logically consistent with the maintained moment
inequalities. The associated test statistic has an
asymptotic chi-bar-square distribution, and can be inverted
to construct an asymptotic confidence set for the parameter
of interest, even if that parameter is only partially
identified. Critical values for the test are easily
computed, and a Monte Carlo study demonstrates
implementation and finite sample performance. © 2008
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.08.001},
Key = {fds325267}
}
@article{fds325268,
Author = {Molinari, F and Rosen, AM},
Title = {Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-302},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500108000000088},
Abstract = {This article discusses how the analysis of Aradillas-Lopez
and Tamer (2008) on the identification power of equilibrium
in games can be extended to supermodular games. These games
embody models that exhibit strategic complementarity, an
important and empirically relevant class of economic models.
In these games, the extreme points of the Nash equilibrium
and rationalizable strategy sets coincide. We discuss how
this result facilitates a comparative analysis of the
relative identification power of equilibrium and weaker
notions of rational behavior. As an illustrative example, we
consider a differentiated product oligopoly pricing game in
which firms' prices are strategic complements. © 2008
American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500108000000088},
Key = {fds325268}
}
%% Rossi, Barbara
@article{fds185522,
Author = {B. Rossi and T. Sekhposyan},
Title = {Understanding Models' Economic Performance},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185522}
}
@article{fds185524,
Author = {B. Rossi and R. Giacomini},
Title = {Advances in Forecasting under Model Instability},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Forecasting},
Editor = {Elsevier},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185524}
}
@article{fds185528,
Author = {B. Rossi and R. Giacomini},
Title = {Forecasting in Macroeconomics},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Research Methods and Applications on Empirical
Macroeconomics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185528}
}
@misc{fds185523,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Comment to: Forecast Rationality Tests Based on
Multi-Horizon Bounds},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185523}
}
@article{fds185519,
Author = {A. Hall and A. Inoue and J. Nason and B. Rossi},
Title = {Information Criteria for Impulse Response Function Matching
Estimation of DSGE Models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185519}
}
@article{fds185520,
Author = {A. Inoue and B. Rossi},
Title = {Identifying the Sources of Instabilities in Macroeconomic
Fluctuations},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics, forthcoming},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185520}
}
@article{fds185521,
Author = {B. Rossi and A. Inoue},
Title = {Testing for Weak Identification in Possibly Nonlinear
Models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds185521}
}
@article{fds161830,
Author = {B. Rossi and S. Zubairy},
Title = {What is the Importance of Monetary and Fiscal Shocks in
Explaining US Macroeconomic Fluctuations?},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds161830}
}
@article{fds164746,
Author = {Y. Chen and K. Rogoff and B. Rossi},
Title = {Can Exchange Rates Forecast Commodity Prices?},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds164746}
}
@article{fds148801,
Author = {R. Giacomini and B. Rossi},
Title = {Detecting and Predicting Forecast Breakdown},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds148801}
}
@article{fds161826,
Author = {B. Rossi and T. Sekhoposyan},
Title = {Has Models’ Forecasting Performance Changed Over Time, and
When?},
Journal = {International Journal of Forecasting},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds161826}
}
@article{fds161828,
Author = {B. Rossi and R. Giacomini},
Title = {Forecast Comparisons in Unstable Environments},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds161828}
}
@article{fds161827,
Author = {M. Marcellino and B. Rossi},
Title = {Model Selection for Nested and Overlapping Non-Linear
Dynamic and Possibly Misspecified Models},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics
70(s1)},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds161827}
}
@misc{fds161831,
Author = {Y. Chen and K. Rogoff and B. Rossi},
Title = {Where Are Commodity Prices Headed Next? Look at Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {Vox},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds161831}
}
@misc{fds164747,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Comment on: Exchange Rate Models Are Not As Bad As You
Think},
Journal = {NBER Macroeconomics Annual},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds164747}
}
@misc{fds70260,
Author = {B. Rossi and T. Sekhoposyan},
Title = {Has Models’ Forecasting Performance Changed Over Time, and
Why?},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70260}
}
@article{fds142364,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Expectations Hypotheses Tests at Long Horizons},
Journal = {Econometrics Journal},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds142364}
}
@article{fds70256,
Author = {E. Pesavento and B. Rossi},
Title = {Impulse Response Confidence Intervals for Persistent Data:
What Have We Learned?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {31},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70256}
}
@article{fds70258,
Author = {A. Inoue and B. Rossi},
Title = {Monitoring and Forecasting Financial Crises},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70258}
}
@article{fds185530,
Author = {R. Giacomini and B. Rossi},
Title = {Model Comparisons in Unstable Environments},
Journal = {work in progress},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds185530}
}
@article{fds52920,
Author = {R. Giacomini and B. Rossi},
Title = {How stable is the forecasting performance of the yield curve
for output growth?},
Journal = {Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {68(s1)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds52920}
}
@article{fds52921,
Author = {E. Pesavento and B. Rossi},
Title = {Small Sample Confidence Bands for Multivariate Impulse
Response Functions},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Econometrics},
Volume = {21(8)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds52921}
}
@article{fds42405,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Are Exchange Rates Really Random Walks? Some Evidence Robust
to Parameter Instability},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {10(1)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds42405}
}
@article{fds42406,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Confidence Intervals for Half-Life Deviations from
Purchasing Power Parity},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {23(4)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds42406}
}
@article{fds42409,
Author = {A. Inoue and B. Rossi},
Title = {Recursive Predictability Tests with Real-Time
Data},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {23(4)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds42409}
}
@article{fds42411,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {"Optimal Tests for Nested Model Selection with Underlying
Parameter Instability"},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {21(5)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds42411}
}
@article{fds42407,
Author = {E. Pesavento and B. Rossi},
Title = {Do Technology Shocks Drive Hours Up or Down? A Little
Evidence From an Agnostic Procedure},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {9(4)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds42407}
}
@article{fds42408,
Author = {B. Rossi},
Title = {Testing Long-Horizon Predictive Ability with High
Persistence, and the Meese-Rogoff Puzzle},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {46(1)},
Pages = {61-92},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds42408}
}
%% Ryan, Stephen P.
@article{fds26416,
Author = {Stephen P. Ryan},
Title = {The Costs of Environmental Regulation in a Concentrated
Industry},
Journal = {Job Market Paper},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~spr6/RYAN2004.pdf},
Abstract = {The typical cost analysis of environmental regulations
consists of an engineering estimate of the compliance costs.
In industries where fixed costs are an important determinant
of market structure this static analysis ignores the dynamic
effects of the regulation on market power, as higher costs
of entry and investment can increase concentration. I
evaluate the welfare effects of the 1990 Amendments to the
Clean Air Act on the US Portland cement industry, accounting
for these effects through a fully dynamic model of oligopoly
in the tradition of Ericson and Pakes (1995). Using a
recently developed two-step estimator, I recover the entire
cost structure of the industry, including the distribution
of sunk entry costs and adjustment costs of investment. I
solve for the Markov perfect Nash equilibrium (MPNE) of the
model and simulate the welfare effects of the Amendments. I
find static analysis understates costs by an order of
magnitude, and that the regulations impose a large welfare
penalty on producers and consumers, primarily through a
shift in the distribution of the sunk costs of
entry.},
Key = {fds26416}
}
@article{fds26417,
Author = {Patrick Bajari and Han Hong and Stephen P.
Ryan},
Title = {Identification and Estimation of Discrete Games of Complete
Information},
Journal = {Submitted to Econometrica},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~bajari/game.pdf},
Abstract = {We discuss the identification and estimation of discrete
games of complete information. Following Bresnahan and Reiss
(1990, 1991), a discrete game is a generalization of a
standard discrete choice model where utility depends on the
actions of other players. Using recent algorithms to compute
all of the Nash equilibria to a game, we propose
simulation-based estimators for static, discrete games. With
appropriate exclusion restrictions about how covariates
enter into payoffs and influence equilibrium selection, the
model is identified with only weak parametric assumptions.
Monte Carlo evidence demonstrates that the estimator can
perform well in moderately-sized samples. As an application,
we study the strategic decision of firms in
spatially-separated markets to establish a presence on the
Internet.},
Key = {fds26417}
}
%% Sadowski, Philipp
@article{fds371111,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Krishna, RV and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Subjective information choice processes},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {529-559},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE4531},
Abstract = {We propose a class of dynamic models that capture subjective
(and, hence, unobservable) constraints on the amount of
information a decision maker can acquire, pay attention to,
or absorb via an information choice process (ICP). An ICP
specifies the information that can be acquired about the
payoff-relevant state in the current period and how this
choice affects what can be learned in the future. In spite
of their generality, wherein ICPs can accommodate any
dependence of the information constraint on the history of
information choices and state realizations, we show that the
constraints imposed by them are identified up to a dynamic
extension of Blackwell dominance. All the other parameters
of the model are also uniquely identified.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE4531},
Key = {fds371111}
}
@article{fds340875,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Stable behavior and generalized partition},
Journal = {Economic Theory},
Volume = {68},
Number = {2},
Pages = {285-302},
Year = {2019},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1122-z},
Abstract = {Behavior is stable if the ex ante ranking of two acts that
differ only on some event I coincides with their ex post
ranking upon learning I. We identify the largest class of
information structures for which the behavior of a Bayesian
expected utility maximizer is stable. We call them
generalized partitions and characterize the learning
processes they can accommodate. Often, the information
structure is not explicitly part of the primitives in the
model, and so becomes a subjective parameter. We propose a
way to identify how the individual plans to choose
contingent on learning an event, and establish that for a
Bayesian expected utility maximizer, stable
behavior—formulated in terms of this indirectly observed
contingent ranking—is a tight characterization of
subjective learning via a generalized partition.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00199-018-1122-z},
Key = {fds340875}
}
@article{fds326599,
Author = {Daley, B and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Magical thinking: A representation result},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {909-956},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE2099},
Abstract = {This paper suggests a novel way to import the approach of
axiomatic theories of individual choice into strategic
settings and demonstrates the benefits of this approach. We
propose both a tractable behavioral model as well as axioms
applied to the behavior of the collection of players,
focusing first on prisoners' dilemma games. A representation
theorem establishes these axioms as the precise behavioral
content of the model, and that the model's parameters are
(essentially) uniquely identified from behavior. The
behavioral model features magical thinking: players behave
as if their expectations about their opponents' behavior
vary with their own choices. The model provides a unified
view of documented behavior in a range of often studied
games, such as the prisoners' dilemma, the battle of the
sexes, hawk–dove, and the stag hunt, and also generates
novel predictions across games.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE2099},
Key = {fds326599}
}
@article{fds318182,
Author = {Sadowski, P},
Title = {Overeagerness},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization},
Volume = {131},
Pages = {114-125},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2016.08.014},
Abstract = {We capture the impression that high types may send lower
signals than low types in order not to appear too desperate.
We require a noisy one-dimensional signal, where a very low
signal being transmitted forces types to execute their
outside option. The central assumption is that low types are
not only less productive when employed, but that they also
face a worse outside option. High types then exploit low
types’ eagerness not to end up with their bad outside
option by running a larger risk of transmitting a very low
signal.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2016.08.014},
Key = {fds318182}
}
@article{fds320615,
Author = {Krishna, R and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Randomly Evolving Tastes and Delayed Commitment},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {92},
Number = {218},
Pages = {39 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2020.09.007},
Abstract = {We consider a decision maker with randomly evolving tastes
who faces dynamic decision situations that involve
intertemporal tradeoffs, such as those in consumption
savings problems. We axiomatize a recursive representation
of choice that features uncertain consumption utilities,
which evolve according to a subjective Markov process. The
parameters of the representation, which are the subjective
Markov process governing the evolution of utilities, and the
discount factor, are uniquely identified from behavior. We
relate the correlation of tastes over time and the desire to
delay commitment to future consumption.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmateco.2020.09.007},
Key = {fds320615}
}
@article{fds320616,
Author = {Sadowski, P},
Title = {Preferences with Taste Shock Representations: Price
Volatility and the Liquidity Premium},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {101},
Number = {219},
Pages = {13 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2019.06.004},
Abstract = {If price volatility is caused in some part by taste shocks,
then it should be positively correlated with the liquidity
premium. Our argument is based on Krishna and Sadowski
(2014), who provide foundations for a representation of
dynamic choice with taste shocks, and show that volatility
in tastes corresponds to a desire to maintain flexibility.
To formally connect volatile tastes to price volatility and
preference for flexibility to the liquidity premium, we
analyze a modified simple Lucas tree economy, where the
representative agent is uncertain about his degree of future
risk aversion, and where the productive asset cannot be
traded in every period, while rights to output can. We show
that a representative agent with a higher degree of
uncertainty about his future risk aversion implies a higher
liquidity premium (i.e., a lower price for the illiquid
asset) and more price volatility.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2019.06.004},
Key = {fds320616}
}
@article{fds320617,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Inertial Behavior and Generalized Partition},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {216},
Pages = {26 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {We call behavior inertial if it does not react to the
apparent arrival of relevant information. In a context where
the precise information content of signals is subjective, we
formulate an axiom that captures inertial behavior, and
provide a representation that explains such behavior as that
of a rational decision maker who perceives a particular type
of information structure, which we call a generalized
partition. We characterize the learning processes that can
be described by a generalized partition. We proceed to
assume that there is a true underlying information structure
that may not be a generalized partition, and investigate
different channels that may lead the decision maker to
nonetheless perceive a generalized partition (and thus to
display inertial behavior): A cognitive bias referred to as
cognitive inertia and a bound on rationality which we term
shortsightedness.},
Key = {fds320617}
}
@article{fds320618,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Krishna, R and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Subjective Dynamic Information Constraints},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {214},
Pages = {58 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We axiomatize a new class of recursive dynamic models that
capture subjective constraints on the amount of information
a decision maker can obtain, pay attention to, or absorb,
via a Markov Decision Process for Information Choice (MIC).
An MIC is a subjective decision process that specifies what
type of information about the payoff-relevant state is
feasible in the current period, and how the choice of what
to learn now affects what can be learned in the future. The
constraint imposed by the MIC is identified from choice
behavior up to a recursive extension of Blackwell dominance.
All the other parameters of the model, namely the
anticipated evolution of the payoff-relevant state, state
dependent consumption utilities, and the discount factor are
also uniquely identified.},
Key = {fds320618}
}
@article{fds320619,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Krishna, R and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Supplement to 'Subjective Dynamic Information
Constraints'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {215},
Pages = {34 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Supplement to "Subjective Dynamic Information Constraints"
(http://ssrn.com/abstract=2774300). All references to
definitions and results in this Supplement refer to
Dillenberger, Krishna, and Sadowski (2016, henceforth DKS)
unless otherwise specified. This supplement is organized as
follows. Section 1 establishes the Abstract Static
Representation that is the starting point for our
derivations in Appendix C of DKS. Section 2 reviews relevant
notions from convex analysis. Section 3 provides a
preference independent notion of minimality on the space of
rics, which is referred to in Section 6 of DKS. Section 4
provides a metric on the space of partitions as referred to
in Appendix A.3 of DKS. Section 5 extends the existence of
the RAA representation, which is established in Krishna and
Sadowski (2014) for finite prize spaces, to our domain with
a compact set of prizes, as discussed in Appendix A.7 of
DKS. Finally, Section 6 provides a detailed proof of the
partitional representation introduced in Appendix C.1 of
DKS.},
Key = {fds320619}
}
@article{fds320620,
Author = {Conrad, RF and Hool, B and Nekipelov, D},
Title = {The Role of Royalties in Resource Extraction
Contracts},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {94},
Number = {195},
Pages = {340-353},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.94.3.340},
Abstract = {The manner in which governments charge mineral resource
producers has been the subject of considerable debate. In
particular, there is a continuing debate about whether
royalties should be reduced or eliminated, the preferred
alternative then being some variant of an income-based
charge such as a resource rent tax, a policy adopted in
Norway, the United Kingdom and Australia. The argument for
avoiding royalties is based on analyses demonstrating that
royalties and other quantity-based charges distort
production decisions and lead to outcomes such as
high-grading and premature mine closure. We argue that it is
inappropriate to infer that royalties are inefficient from
the perspective of the resource owner (typically a
government on behalf of society). Rather, the royalty serves
a key pricing purpose and should be interpreted as the
capital loss on the resource owner's balance sheet from
extracting marginal reserves. We demonstrate this result
under various conditions of uncertainty and informational
asymmetry, using an incentive-based framework which enables
us to highlight the separation of asset ownership from asset
use. The principal-agent framework is consistent with the
contracting problem encountered by governments who as
resource owners contract with private sector firms for
extraction rights.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.94.3.340},
Key = {fds320620}
}
@article{fds285778,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Lleras, JS and Sadowski, P and Takeoka,
N},
Title = {A theory of subjective learning},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {287-312},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2014.07.003},
Abstract = {We study an individual who faces a dynamic decision problem
in which the process of information arrival is unobserved by
the analyst. We elicit subjective information directly from
choice behavior by deriving two utility representations of
preferences over menus of acts. One representation uniquely
identifies information as a probability measure over
posteriors and the other identifies information as a
partition of the state space. We compare individuals who
expect to learn differently in terms of their preference for
flexibility. On the extended domain of dated-menus, we show
how to accommodate gradual learning over time by means of a
subjective filtration. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2014.07.003},
Key = {fds285778}
}
@article{fds285779,
Author = {Sadowski, P and Krishna, R},
Title = {Dynamic Preference for Flexibility},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {82},
Number = {2},
Pages = {655-703},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10072},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10072},
Key = {fds285779}
}
@article{fds285780,
Author = {Sadowski, P},
Title = {Contingent preference for flexibility: Eliciting beliefs
from behavior},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {503-534},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1933-6837},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE884},
Abstract = {Following Kreps (1979), I consider a decision maker who is
uncertain about her future taste. This uncertainty leaves
the decision maker with a preference for flexibility: When
choosing among menus that contain alternatives for future
choice, she weakly prefers menus with additional
alternatives. Standard representations that accommodate this
choice pattern cannot distinguish tastes (indexed by a
subjective state space) and beliefs (a probability measure
over the subjective states) as different concepts. I allow
choice between menus to depend on objective states. My
axioms provide a representation that uniquely identifies
beliefs, provided objective states are sufficiently relevant
for choice. I suggest that this result can provide choice
theoretic substance to the assumption, commonly made in the
(incomplete) contracting literature, that contracting
parties who know each others' ranking of contracts also
share beliefs about each others' future tastes in the face
of unforeseen contingencies. © 2013 Philipp
Sadowski.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE884},
Key = {fds285780}
}
@article{fds285775,
Author = {Dillenberger, D and Sadowski, P},
Title = {Generalized Partition and Subjective Filtration},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {132},
Pages = {30 pages},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We study an individual who faces a dynamic decision problem
in which the process of information arrival is unobserved by
the analyst, and hence should be identified from observed
choice data. An information structure is objectively
describable if signals correspond to events of the objective
state space. We derive a representation of preferences over
menus of acts that captures the behavior of a Bayesian
decision maker who expects to receive such signals. The
class of information structures that can support such a
representation generalizes the notion of a partition of the
state space. The representation allows us to compare
individuals in terms of the preciseness of their information
structures without requiring that they share the same prior
beliefs. We apply the model to study an individual who
anticipates gradual resolution of uncertainty over time.
Both the filtration (the timing of information arrival with
the sequence of partitions it induces) and prior beliefs are
uniquely identified.},
Key = {fds285775}
}
@article{fds285781,
Author = {Sadowski, P and Dillenberger, D},
Title = {Ashamed to Be Selfish},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke Working
Paper},
Volume = {7},
Number = {84},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We study a decision maker (DM) who has preferences over
choice problems, which are sets of payoff-allocations
between herself and a passive recipient. An example of such
a set is the collection of possible allocations in the
classic dictator game. The choice of an allocation from the
set is observed by the recipient, whereas the choice of the
set itself is not. Behaving selfishly under observation, in
the sense of not choosing the normatively best allocation,
inflicts shame on DM. We derive a representation that
identifies DM's private ranking of allocations, her
subjective norm, and shame. The normatively best allocation
can be further characterized as the Nash solution of a
bargaining game induced by the second-stage choice
problem.},
Key = {fds285781}
}
%% Salim Saker Chaves, Leonardo
@article{fds350084,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Li, J and Chaves, LSS},
Title = {Generalized Jump Regressions for Local Moments},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Abstract = {We develop new high-frequency-based inference procedures for
analyzing the relationship between jumps in instantaneous
moments of stochastic processes. The estimation consists of
two steps: the nonparametric determination of the jumps as
differences in local averages, followed by a
minimum-distance type estimation of the parameters of
interest under general loss functions that include both
least-square and more robust quantile regressions as special
cases. The resulting asymptotic distribution of the
estimator, derived under an infill asymptotic setting, is
highly nonstandard and generally not mixed normal. In
addition, we establish the validity of a novel bootstrap
algorithm for making feasible inference including
bias-correction. The new methods are applied in a study on
the relationship between trading intensity and spot
volatility in the U.S. equity market at the time of
important macroeconomic news announcement.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2020.1753526},
Key = {fds350084}
}
%% Salm, Martin
@article{fds42350,
Author = {A. Khwaja and F. A. Sloan and M. Salm},
Title = {Preferences and subjective beliefs of risk takers: The case
of smokers, forthcoming in International Journal of
Industrial Organization},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42350}
}
%% Sanders, Seth G.
@misc{fds349323,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {The impacts of teenage childbearing on the mothers and the
consequences of those impacts for government},
Pages = {55-94},
Booktitle = {Kids Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of
Teen Pregnancy},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781138321328},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429452635-3},
Abstract = {© 1997 The Urban Institute. All rights reserved. The
everyday hardships of teen motherhood come into public
consciousness through media attention to and the prevalence
of teen childbearing throughout the United States. The
apparent adverse consequences of teen motherhood have become
an important issue in the current debate over reforming the
US welfare system. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
(NLSY) is a nationally representative sample of young men
and women who were 14 to 21 years old in 1979. Thus, the
teenage years of women in our study occurred between 1970
and 1985. The NLSY yields data on annual benefits received
from Aid to Families with Dependent Children and food
stamps, as well as the benefits from other social programs,
including Supplemental Security Income and General
Assistance. Teen mothers come from much more disadvantaged
backgrounds than do women who delay childbearing. Failure to
delay childbearing, though much smaller than suggested by
the earlier comparisons, has a negative and lasting effect
on a teen mother's marriage prospects.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780429452635-3},
Key = {fds349323}
}
@article{fds329539,
Author = {Black, DA and Hsu, Y-C and Sanders, SG and Schofield, LS and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {The Methuselah Effect: The Pernicious Impact of Unreported
Deaths on Old-Age Mortality Estimates.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {54},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2001-2024},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0623-x},
Abstract = {We examine inferences about old-age mortality that arise
when researchers use survey data matched to death records.
We show that even small rates of failure to match
respondents can lead to substantial bias in the measurement
of mortality rates at older ages. This type of measurement
error is consequential for three strands in the demographic
literature: (1) the deceleration in mortality rates at old
ages; (2) the black-white mortality crossover; and (3) the
relatively low rate of old-age mortality among Hispanics,
often called the "Hispanic paradox." Using the National
Longitudinal Survey of Older Men matched to death records in
both the U.S. Vital Statistics system and the Social
Security Death Index, we demonstrate that even small rates
of missing mortality matching plausibly lead to an
appearance of mortality deceleration when none exists and
can generate a spurious black-white mortality crossover. We
confirm these findings using data from the National Health
Interview Survey matched to the U.S. Vital Statistics
system, a data set known as the "gold standard" (Cowper et
al. 2002) for estimating age-specific mortality. Moreover,
with these data, we show that the Hispanic paradox is also
plausibly explained by a similar undercount.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-017-0623-x},
Key = {fds329539}
}
@article{fds326774,
Author = {Black, DA and Hsu, Y-C and Sanders, SG and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {Combining forward and backward mortality
estimation.},
Journal = {Population Studies},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {281-292},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2017.1319496},
Abstract = {Demographers often form estimates by combining information
from two data sources-a challenging problem when one or both
data sources are incomplete. A classic example entails the
construction of death probabilities, which requires death
counts for the subpopulations under study and corresponding
base population estimates. Approaches typically entail 'back
projection', as in Wrigley and Schofield's seminal analysis
of historical English data, or 'inverse' or 'forward
projection' as used by Lee in his important reanalysis of
that work, both published in the 1980s. Our paper shows how
forward and backward approaches can be optimally combined,
using a generalized method of moments (GMM) framework. We
apply the method to the estimation of death probabilities
for relatively small subpopulations within the United States
(men born 1930-39 by state of birth by birth cohort by
race), combining data from vital statistics records and
census samples.},
Doi = {10.1080/00324728.2017.1319496},
Key = {fds326774}
}
@misc{fds326508,
Author = {Kranton, RE and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Groupy versus non-groupy social preferences: Personality,
region, and political party},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {107},
Number = {5},
Pages = {65-69},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171096},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20171096},
Key = {fds326508}
}
@article{fds238571,
Author = {Black, DA and Sanders, SG and Taylor, EJ and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {The Impact of the Great Migration on Mortality of African
Americans: Evidence from the Deep South.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {2},
Pages = {477-503},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20120642},
Abstract = {The Great Migration-the massive migration of African
Americans out of the rural South to largely urban locations
in the North, Midwest, and West-was a landmark event in U.S.
Our paper shows that this migration increased mortality of
African Americans born in the early twentieth century South.
This inference comes from an analysis that uses proximity of
birthplace to railroad lines as an instrument for
migration.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20120642},
Key = {fds238571}
}
@article{fds324868,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Beauchamp, A and Hull, M and Sanders,
S},
Title = {Exploring the racial divide in education and the labor
market through evidence from interracial
families},
Journal = {Journal of Human Capital},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-238},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681957},
Abstract = {© 2015 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.
We examine gaps between minorities and whites in education
and labor market outcomes, controlling for many covariates
including maternal race. Identification comes from different
reported races within the family. Estimates show two
distinct patterns. First, there are no significant
differences in outcomes between black and white males with
white mothers. Second, large differences persist between
these groups and black males with black mothers. The
patterns are insensitive to alternative measures of own race
and school fixed effects. Our results suggest that
discrimination is not occurring on the basis of child skin
color but through mother-child channels such as dialect or
parenting practices.},
Doi = {10.1086/681957},
Key = {fds324868}
}
@article{fds238568,
Author = {Andersson, F and García-Pérez, M and Haltiwanger, J and McCue, K and Sanders, S},
Title = {Workplace Concentration of Immigrants},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2281-2306},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0352-3},
Abstract = {Casual observation suggests that in most U.S. urban labor
markets, immigrants have more immigrant coworkers than
native-born workers do. While seeming obvious, this excess
tendency to work together has not been precisely measured,
nor have its sources been quantified. Using matched
employer-employee data from the U.S. Census Bureau
Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) database on
a set of metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) with
substantial immigrant populations, we find that, on average,
37 % of an immigrant's coworkers are themselves immigrants;
in contrast, only 14 % of a native-born worker's coworkers
are immigrants. We decompose this difference into the
probability of working with compatriots versus with
immigrants from other source countries. Using human capital,
employer, and location characteristics, we narrow the
mechanisms that might explain immigrant concentration. We
find that industry, language, and residential segregation
collectively explain almost all the excess tendency to work
with immigrants from other source countries, but they have
limited power to explain work with compatriots. This large
unexplained compatriot component suggests an important role
for unmeasured country-specific factors, such as social
networks.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0352-3},
Key = {fds238568}
}
@article{fds238572,
Author = {Israel, S and Caspi, A and Belsky, DW and Harrington, H and Hogan, S and Houts, R and Ramrakha, S and Sanders, S and Poulton, R and Moffitt,
TE},
Title = {Credit scores, cardiovascular disease risk, and human
capital.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {111},
Number = {48},
Pages = {17087-17092},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0027-8424},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9270 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Credit scores are the most widely used instruments to assess
whether or not a person is a financial risk. Credit scoring
has been so successful that it has expanded beyond lending
and into our everyday lives, even to inform how insurers
evaluate our health. The pervasive application of credit
scoring has outpaced knowledge about why credit scores are
such useful indicators of individual behavior. Here we test
if the same factors that lead to poor credit scores also
lead to poor health. Following the Dunedin (New Zealand)
Longitudinal Study cohort of 1,037 study members, we
examined the association between credit scores and
cardiovascular disease risk and the underlying factors that
account for this association. We find that credit scores are
negatively correlated with cardiovascular disease risk.
Variation in household income was not sufficient to account
for this association. Rather, individual differences in
human capital factors—educational attainment, cognitive
ability, and self-control—predicted both credit scores and
cardiovascular disease risk and accounted for ∼45% of the
correlation between credit scores and cardiovascular disease
risk. Tracing human capital factors back to their childhood
antecedents revealed that the characteristic attitudes,
behaviors, and competencies children develop in their first
decade of life account for a significant portion (∼22%) of
the link between credit scores and cardiovascular disease
risk at midlife. We discuss the implications of these
findings for policy debates about data privacy, financial
literacy, and early childhood interventions.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1409794111},
Key = {fds238572}
}
@article{fds238573,
Author = {Gorsuch, MM and Sanders, SG and Wu, B},
Title = {Tooth loss in Appalachia and the Mississippi delta relative
to other regions in the United States, 1999-2010.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {104},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e85-e91},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2013.301641},
Abstract = {We examined regional variation in tooth loss in the United
States from 1999 to 2010.We used 6 waves of the Behavioral
Risk Factor Surveillance System and data on county
characteristics to describe regional trends in tooth loss
and decompose diverging trends into the parts explained by
individual and county components.Appalachia and the
Mississippi Delta had higher levels of tooth loss than the
rest of the country in 1999. From 1999 to 2010, tooth loss
declined in the United States. However, Appalachia did not
converge toward the US average, and the Mississippi Delta
worsened relative to the United States. Socioeconomic status
explained the largest portion of differences between regions
in 1999, but a smaller portion of the trends. The
Mississippi Delta is aging more quickly than the rest of the
country, which explains 17% of the disparity in the time
trend.The disadvantage in tooth loss is persistent in
Appalachia and growing in the Mississippi Delta. The
increasing disparity is partly explained by changes in the
age structure but is also associated with behavioral and
environmental factors.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2013.301641},
Key = {fds238573}
}
@misc{fds238569,
Author = {Black, DA and Kolesnikova, N and Sanders, SG and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {THE ROLE OF LOCATION IN EVALUATING RACIAL WAGE
DISPARITY.},
Journal = {Journal of Labor Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2-2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0734-306X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-8997-2-2},
Abstract = {A standard object of empirical analysis in labor economics
is a modified Mincer wage function in which an individual's
log wage is specified to be a function of education,
experience, and an indicator variable identifying race. We
analyze this approach in a context in which individuals live
and work in different locations (and thus face different
housing prices and wages). Our model provides a
justification for the traditional approach, but with the
important caveat that the regression should include
location-specific fixed effects. Empirical analyses of men
in U.S. labor markets demonstrate that failure to condition
on location causes us to (i) overstate the decline in
black-white wage disparity over the past 60 years, and (ii)
understate racial and ethnic wage gaps that remain after
taking into account measured cognitive skill differences
that emerge when workers are young.},
Doi = {10.1186/2193-8997-2-2},
Key = {fds238569}
}
@article{fds238570,
Author = {Black, DA and Kolesnikova, N and Sanders, SG and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {Are Children “Normal”?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-33},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {We examine Becker's (1960) contention that children are
“normal.” For the cross-section of non-Hispanic white
married couples in the United States, we show that when we
restrict comparisons to similarly educated women living in
similarly expensive locations, completed fertility is
positively correlated with the husband's income. The
empirical evidence is consistent with children being
“normal.” In an effort to show causal effects, we
analyze the localized impact on fertility of the mid-1970s'
increase in world energy prices, an exogenous shock that
substantially increased men's incomes in the Appalachian
coal-mining region. Empirical evidence for that population
indicates that fertility increases with men's income. ©
2013 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Key = {fds238570}
}
@misc{fds347332,
Author = {Black, D and Gates, G and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {Demographics of the gay and lesbian population in The United
States: Evidence from available systematic data
sources},
Pages = {61-92},
Booktitle = {Queer Economics: A Reader},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0415771692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203939451-14},
Abstract = {© 2008 Editorial matter and selection, Joyce Jacobsen and
Adam Zeller; individual chapters, the contributors. THE
EMERGENCE OF SOLID demographic studies describing the gay
and lesbian population marks an important change for social
science research. Historically, few sizable surveys of this
population were available, and many previous surveys that
provided large samples of gays and lesbians utilized
“convenience sampling,” as in samples drawn from readers
of particular magazines or newspapers, or responses
solicited from Internet sites or in gay bars. Researchers
have been properly reluctant to draw general inferences
about the gay and lesbian population from these samples.
Recently, however, a number of scholars have begun to study
economic and social issues in the gay and lesbian population
using sizable samples with known propert ies - samples drawn
from the General Social Survey, the National Health and
Social Life Survey, and the 1990 U.S. census.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203939451-14},
Key = {fds347332}
}
@article{fds214245,
Author = {Dan Black and Natalia Kolesnikova and Seth Sanders and Lowell
Taylor},
Title = {Are Children Normal?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds214245}
}
@article{fds214246,
Author = {Dan Black and S.G. Sanders},
Title = {Inequality and Human Capital in Appalachia,
1960–2000},
Pages = {240},
Booktitle = {Appalachian Legacy: Economic Opportunity After the War on
Poverty},
Publisher = {Brookings Institution Press},
Editor = {James Ziliak},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214246}
}
@misc{fds214247,
Author = {Fredrik Andersson and Monica Garcia-Perez and John Haltiwanger and Kristin McCue and Seth Sanders},
Title = {Workplace Concentration of Immigrants},
Journal = {Revise and Resubmit at Demography},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214247}
}
@misc{fds214248,
Author = {Dan Black and Yu-Chieh Hsu and Seth Sanders and Lowell
Taylor},
Title = {Forward and Backward Estimates of Mortality},
Journal = {Revise and Resubmit at Demography},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214248}
}
@article{fds214249,
Author = {Dan Black and Seth Sanders and Evan Taylor and Lowell
Taylor},
Title = {The Impact of the Great Migration on Mortality of
African},
Journal = {Revise and Resubmitt at the American Economic
Review},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds214249}
}
@misc{fds200042,
Author = {S.G. Sanders},
Title = {Crime and the family: Lessons from teenage
childbearing},
Booktitle = {Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs},
Publisher = {NBER},
Editor = {Philip J. Cook and Jens Ludwig and Justin McCrary},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds200042}
}
@article{fds184894,
Author = {Eduardo Fajnzylber and S.G. Sanders and V.J Hotz},
Title = {An Economic Model of Amniocentesis Choice Advances in Life
Course},
Journal = {Advances in Life Course Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-26},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1040-2608},
Key = {fds184894}
}
@article{fds238580,
Author = {Fajnzylber, E and Hotz, VJ and Sanders, SG},
Title = {An economic model of amniocentesis choice.},
Journal = {Advances in Life Course Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {11-26},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21516255},
Abstract = {Medical practitioners typically utilize the following
protocol when advising pregnant women about testing for the
possibility of genetic disorders with their fetus: Pregnant
women over the age of 35 should be tested for Down syndrome
and other genetic disorders, while for younger women, such
tests are discouraged (or not discussed) as the test can
cause a pregnancy to miscarry. The logic appears compelling.
The rate at which amniocentesis causes a pregnancy to
miscarry is constant while the rate of genetic disorder
rises substantially over a woman's reproductive years. Hence
the potential benefit from testing - being able to terminate
a fetus that is known to have a genetic disorder - rises
with maternal age. This article argues that this logic is
incomplete. While the benefits to testing do rise with age,
the costs rise as well. Undergoing an amniocentesis always
entails the risk of inducing a miscarriage of a healthy
fetus. However, these costs are lower at early ages, because
there is a higher probability of being able to replace a
miscarried fetus with a healthy birth at a later age. We
develop and calibrate a dynamic model of amniocentesis
choice to explore this tradeoff. For parameters that
characterize realistic age patterns of chromosomal
abnormalities, fertility rates and miscarriages following
amniocentesis, our model implies a falling, rather than
rising, rate of amniocentesis as women approach
menopause.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.alcr.2010.08.001},
Key = {fds238580}
}
@article{fds238581,
Author = {Black, DA and Haviland, A and Sanders, SG and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {Gender Wage Disparities among the Highly
Educated.},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {630-659},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://jhr.uwpress.org/cgi/reprint/43/3/630?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&author1=Sanders&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT},
Abstract = {In the U.S. college-educated women earn approximately 30
percent less than their non-Hispanic white male
counterparts. We conduct an empirical examination of this
wage disparity for four groups of women-non-Hispanic white,
black, Hispanic, and Asian-using the National Survey of
College Graduates, a large data set that provides unusually
detailed information on higher-level education.
Nonparametric matching analysis indicates that among men and
women who speak English at home, between 44 and 73 percent
of the gender wage gaps are accounted for by such pre-market
factors as highest degree and major. When we restrict
attention further to women who have "high labor force
attachment" (i.e., work experience that is similar to male
comparables) we account for 54 to 99 percent of gender wage
gaps. Our nonparametric approach differs from familiar
regression-based decompositions, so for the sake of
comparison we conduct parametric analyses as well.
Inferences drawn from these latter decompositions can be
quite misleading.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.43.3.630},
Key = {fds238581}
}
@article{fds184895,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and D. Black and A. Haviland and L.
Taylor},
Title = {Gender Wage Differences Among the Highly
Educated},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds184895}
}
@article{fds238578,
Author = {Black, DA and Sanders, SG and Taylor, LJ},
Title = {The economics of lesbian and gay families},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Perspectives : a Journal of the
American Economic Association},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {53-70},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.2.53},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.21.2.53},
Key = {fds238578}
}
@article{fds238598,
Author = {Black, D and Haviland, A and Sanders, S and Taylor,
L},
Title = {Why do minority men earn less? A study of wage differentials
among the highly educated},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {88},
Number = {2},
Pages = {300-313},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2000 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We estimate wage gaps using nonparametric matching methods
and detailed measures of field of study for university
graduates. We find a modest portion of the wage gap is the
consequence of measurement error in the Census education
measure. For Hispanic and Asian men, the remaining gap is
attributable to premarket factors - primarily differences in
formal education and English language proficiency. For black
men, only about one-quarter of the wage gap is explained by
these same factors. For a subsample of black men born
outside the South to parents with some college education,
these factors do account for the entire wage gap. © 2006 by
the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest.88.2.300},
Key = {fds238598}
}
@article{fds238597,
Author = {Seltzer, JA and Bachrach, CA and Bianchi, SM and Bledsoe, CH and Casper,
LM and Chase-Lansdale, PL and Diprete, TA and Hotz, VJ and Morgan, SP and Sanders, SG and Thomas, D},
Title = {Explaining Family Change and Variation: Challenges for
Family Demographers.},
Journal = {Journal of Marriage and the Family},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {908-925},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2445},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376277},
Abstract = {Twenty years ago, the National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development (NICHD) issued a request for proposals
that resulted in the National Survey of Families and
Households (NSFH), a unique survey valuable to a wide range
of family scholars. This paper describes the efforts of an
interdisciplinary group of family demographers to build on
the progress enabled by the NSFH and many other theoretical
and methodological innovations. Our work, also supported by
NICHD, will develop plans for research and data collection
to address the central question of what causes family change
and variation. We outline the group's initial assessments of
orienting frameworks, key aspects of family life to study,
and theoretical and methodological challenges for research
on family change. Finally, we invite family scholars to
follow our progress and to help develop this shared public
good.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00183.x},
Key = {fds238597}
}
@article{fds238596,
Author = {Black, DA and McKinnish, TG and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Tight labor markets and the demand for education: Evidence
from the coal boom and bust},
Journal = {Ilr Review},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-16},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2535 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Human capital theory predicts that individuals acquire less
schooling when the returns to schooling are small. To test
this theory, the authors study the effect of the Appalachian
coal boom on high school enrollments. During the 1970s, a
boom in the coal industry increased the earnings of high
school dropouts relative to those of graduates. During the
1980s, the boom subsided and the earnings of dropouts
declined relative to those of graduates. The authors find
that high school enrollment rates in Kentucky and
Pennsylvania declined considerably in the 1970s and
increased in the 1980s in coal-producing counties relative
to counties without coal. The estimates indicate that a
long-term 10% increase in the earnings of low-skilled
workers could decrease high school enrollment rates by as
much as 5-7%-a finding with implications for policies aimed
at improving low-skilled workers' employment and earnings,
such as wage subsidies and minimum wage increases. © by
Cornell University.},
Doi = {10.1186/1476-5918-4-3},
Key = {fds238596}
}
@article{fds238579,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and McElroy, SW and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Teenage childbearing and its life cycle consequences:
Exploiting a natural experiment},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {683-715},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xl.3.683},
Abstract = {We exploit a "natural experiment" associated with human
reproduction to identify the causal effect of teen
childbearing on the socioeconomic attainment of teen
mothers. We exploit the fact that some women who become
pregnant experience a miscarriage and do not have a live
birth. Using miscarriages an instrumental variable, we
estimate the effect of teen mothers not delaying their
childbearing on their subsequent attainment. We find that
many of the negative consequences of teenage childbearing
are much smaller than those found in previous studies. For
most outcomes, the adverse consequences of early
childbearing are short-lived. Finally, for annual hours of
work and earnings, we find that a teen mother would have
lower levels of each at older ages if they had delayed their
childbearing. © 2005 by the Board of Regents of the
University of Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/jhr.xl.3.683},
Key = {fds238579}
}
@article{fds238575,
Author = {Black, D and McKinnish, T and Sanders, S},
Title = {The economic impact of the coal boom and
bust},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {115},
Number = {503},
Pages = {449-476},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.00996.x},
Abstract = {In this paper, we examine the impact of the coal boom in the
1970s and the subsequent coal bust in the 1980s on local
labour markets in Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia. We address two main questions in our analysis. How
were non-mining sectors affected by the shocks to the mining
sector? How did these effects differ between sectors
producing local goods and those producing traded goods? We
find evidence of modest employment spillovers into sectors
with locally traded goods but not into sectors with
nationally traded goods. © Royal Economic Society
2005.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.00996.x},
Key = {fds238575}
}
@article{fds238576,
Author = {Black, D and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {Measurement of Higher Education in the Census and Current
Population Survey},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {98},
Number = {463},
Pages = {545-554},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/016214503000000369},
Abstract = {We examine measurement error in the reporting of higher
education in the 1990 Decennial Census and the post-1991
Current Population Survey (CPS). We document that
measurement error in the reporting of higher education is
prevalent in Census data. Further, these errors violate
models of classical measurement error in important ways. The
level of education is consistently reported as higher than
it is (errors are not mean 0), errors in the reporting of
education are correlated with covariates that appear in
earnings regressions, and errors in the reporting of
education appear correlated with the error term in a model
of earnings determination. Thus, neither well-known results
on classical measurement error nor recent models of
nonclassical measurement error are likely valid when using
Census and CPS data. We find some evidence that the
measurement error is lower in the CPS than in the Census,
presumably because first interviews are generally conducted
in person.},
Doi = {10.1198/016214503000000369},
Key = {fds238576}
}
@article{fds238595,
Author = {Sanders, SG and Black, D and McKinnish, T},
Title = {Does the Availability of High-Wage Jobs for Low-Skilled Men
Affects AFDC Expenditures: Evidence from Shocks to the Coal
and Steel Industries},
Journal = {Journal of the Public Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {9-10},
Pages = {1919-1940},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(02)00014-2},
Abstract = {We study shocks to the coal and steel industries to measure
the effect of long-term changes in demand for low-skilled
workers on welfare expenditures. The coal and steel
industries have historically paid high wages to low-skilled
men. We find a substantial increase in welfare expenditures
in response to the collapse of the steel and coal industries
in the 1980s, and an even more substantial reduction in
welfare expenditures during the coal boom of the 1970s.
Additional analysis indicates the reduction in welfare
expenditures during the coal boom is due in part to a
decline in single-parent households. © 2002 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(02)00014-2},
Key = {fds238595}
}
@article{fds304430,
Author = {Black, DA and McKinnish, TG and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Does the availability of high-wage jobs for low-skilled men
affect welfare expenditures? Evidence from shocks to the
steel and coal industries},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {87},
Number = {9-10},
Pages = {1921-1942},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(02)00014-2},
Abstract = {We study shocks to the coal and steel industries to measure
the effect of long-term changes in demand for low-skilled
workers on welfare expenditures. The coal and steel
industries have historically paid high wages to low-skilled
men. We find a substantial increase in welfare expenditures
in response to the collapse of the steel and coal industries
in the 1980s, and an even more substantial reduction in
welfare expenditures during the coal boom of the 1970s.
Additional analysis indicates the reduction in welfare
expenditures during the coal boom is due in part to a
decline in single-parent households. © 2002 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(02)00014-2},
Key = {fds304430}
}
@article{fds238594,
Author = {Black, DA and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {The economic reward for studying economics},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {41},
Number = {3},
Pages = {365-377},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ei/cbg014},
Abstract = {Undergraduate advisors in economics departments suggest that
the study of economics is good preparation for a variety of
careers, including economics, consulting, analysis, and
administration, and they argue that economics is a solid
prelaw or pre-MBA major. In this article we provide some
empirical evidence about each of these contentions. We find
that among college graduates who do not earn advanced
degrees, economics majors generally earn more than similar
individuals with other majors. We show also that among
individuals who pursue graduate degree programs in business
and law, economics majors earn more than undergraduate
majors in most other academic disciplines.},
Doi = {10.1093/ei/cbg014},
Key = {fds238594}
}
@article{fds238593,
Author = {Sanders, SG and Black, D and Makar, H and Taylor,
L},
Title = {The Effect of Sexual Orientation on Earnings},
Journal = {Industrial and Labor Relations Review},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {449-469},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238593}
}
@article{fds238574,
Author = {Nagin, DS and Rebitzer, JB and Sanders, S and Taylor,
LJ},
Title = {Monitoring, motivation, and management: The determinants of
opportunistic behavior in a field experiment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {4},
Pages = {850-873},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/00028280260344498},
Abstract = {Economic models of incentives in employment relationships
are based on a specific theory of motivation: employees are
"rational cheaters," who anticipate the consequences of
their actions and shirk when the marginal benefits exceed
costs. We investigate the "rational cheater model" by
observing how experimentally induced variation in monitoring
of telephone call center employees influences opportunism. A
significant fraction of employees behave as the "rational
cheater model" predicts. A substantial proportion of
employees, however, do not respond to manipulations in the
monitoring rate. This heterogeneity is related to variation
in employee assessments of their general treatment by the
employer. (JEL D2, J2, L2, L8, M12).},
Doi = {10.1257/00028280260344498},
Key = {fds238574}
}
@article{fds238590,
Author = {Black, D and Gates, G and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {Why do gay men live in San Francisco?},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {54-76},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-1190},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/juec.2001.2237},
Abstract = {San Francisco is known both as one of America's loveliest
cities and as home to an unusually large gay community. We
argue that this overrepresentation of gays is not
coincidental. Gay households face constraints that make
having children more costly for them than for similar
heterosexual households. This reduces lifetime demand for
housing while freeing resources for allocation elsewhere.
Therefore, gay men disproportionately sort into high-amenity
locations. A ranking of metropolitan areas by their gay
concentration finds high concentrations in America's most
attractive cities. Regression analysis reveals that measures
of local amenities predict gay location more strongly than
does gay friendliness. © 2001 Elsevier Science.},
Doi = {10.1006/juec.2001.2237},
Key = {fds238590}
}
@article{fds238591,
Author = {Black, D and Daniel, K and Sanders, S},
Title = {The Impact of Economic Conditions on Participation in
Disability Programs: Evidence from the Coal Boom and
Bust.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-50},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2099 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of the coal boom of the 1970's and the
coal bust of the 1980's on disability program participation.
These shocks provide clear evidence that as the value of
labor-market participation increases, disability program
participation falls. For the Disability Insurance program,
the elasticity of payments with respect to local earnings is
between -0.3 and -0.4 and for Supplemental Security Income
the elasticity is between -0.4 and -0.7. Consistent with a
model where qualifying for disability programs is costly,
the relationship between economic conditions and program
participation is much stronger for permanent than for
transitory economic shocks.},
Doi = {10.1257/000282802760015595},
Key = {fds238591}
}
@article{fds238589,
Author = {Black, D and Gates, G and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {Demographics of the gay and lesbian population in the United
States: evidence from available systematic data
sources.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-154},
Year = {2000},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2648117},
Abstract = {This work provides an overview of standard social science
data sources that now allow some systematic study of the gay
and lesbian population in the United States. For each data
source, we consider how sexual orientation can be defined,
and we note the potential sample sizes. We give special
attention to the important problem of measurement error,
especially the extent to which individuals recorded as gay
and lesbian are indeed recorded correctly. Our concern is
that because gays and lesbians constitute a relatively small
fraction of the population, modest measurement problems
could lead to serious errors in inference. In examining gays
and lesbians in multiple data sets we also achieve a second
objective: We provide a set of statistics about this
population that is relevant to several current policy
debates.},
Doi = {10.2307/2648117},
Key = {fds238589}
}
@article{fds238592,
Author = {Black, D and McKinnish, T and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Are We Understating the Impact of Economic Conditions on
Welfare Rolls?},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {489-505},
Year = {2000},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238592}
}
@article{fds238587,
Author = {McKinnish, T and Sanders, S and Smith, J},
Title = {Estimates of effective guarantees and tax rates in the AFDC
program for the post-OBRA period},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {312-345},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146348},
Abstract = {We employ the model used by Fraker, Moffitt, and Wolf (1985)
to estimate effective tax rates and guarantees in the Aid to
Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program for the
years 1967-82 to produce comparable estimates for 1983-91.
We compare this method of benefit prediction with other
methods in the literature and clarify the interpretation of
estimates generated using the Fraker, Moffitt, and Wolf
model. We use our estimates for the period from 1983 to 1991
to examine how effective AFDC tax rates and guarantee levels
have changed over time and relative to nominal, or official,
program parameters.},
Doi = {10.2307/146348},
Key = {fds238587}
}
@article{fds238588,
Author = {Daponte, BO and Sanders, S and Taylor, L},
Title = {Why do low-income households not use food stamps? Evidence
from an experiment},
Journal = {The Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {34},
Number = {3},
Pages = {612-628},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146382},
Abstract = {This paper explores why many low-income households do not
participate in the Food Stamp Program. By analyzing detailed
income and asset data from a sample of low-income
households, we find that many households that appear to be
eligible for food stamps in fact are not eligible. By
conducting an experiment designed to investigate the role of
information on participation in the Food Stamp Program, we
observe that ignorance about the program contributes to
nonparticipation. However, there is evidence that knowledge
about the program is endogenous-households generally avail
themselves of information about the program when the
anticipated benefits of doing so are large.},
Doi = {10.2307/146382},
Key = {fds238588}
}
@article{fds238586,
Author = {Daponte, BO and Lewis, GH and Sanders, S and Taylor,
L},
Title = {Food pantry use among low-income households in Allegheny
County, Pennsylvania},
Journal = {Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-57},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This study was conducted to understand why some low-income
people use pantries and others do not. Telephone and
face-to-face interviews were conducted with 400 adults
living in households with an income below 185% of the
poverty level. Households were selected from a preliminary
screening of 25,000 households in Allegheny County,
Pennsylvania and included 174 current pantry users and 226
nonusers. Consistent with prior research, most households
using food pantries report difficulty adequately feeding
their families, and pantry use appears to be evolving into a
chronic issue rather than one of short-term emergency. New
pantry users are likely to remain pantry users for roughly 2
years. Pantry use is highest among African-American
households, single-headed households with children, and
households with low levels of education. Regression analysis
indicates, however, that pantry use is higher among these
groups only because these households are generally the
poorest. When variables for income and assets are entered
into the regression equation, the only variable
significantly related to the probability of using a pantry
is whether or not the household owns a car.This latter
finding underscores the importance of neighborhood-based
pantries and localized food-distribution
systems.},
Key = {fds238586}
}
@article{fds147301,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and R.A. Miller},
Title = {Human Capital Development and Welfare Participation},
Journal = {Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public
Policy},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {1-47},
Year = {1997},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds147301}
}
@article{fds238585,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Mullin, CH and Sanders, SG},
Title = {Bounding Causal Effects Using Data from a Contaminated
Natural Experiment: Analysing the Effects of Teenage
Childbearing},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {575-603},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2971732},
Abstract = {In this paper, we consider what can be learned about causal
effects when one uses a contaminated instrumental variable.
In particular, we consider what inferences can be made about
the causal effect of teenage childbearing on a teen mother's
subsequent outcomes when we use the natural experiment of
miscarriages to form an instrumental variable for teen
births. Miscarriages might not meet all of the conditions
required for an instrumental variable to identify such
causal effects for all of the observations in our sample.
However, it is an appropriate instrumental variable for some
women, namely those pregnant women who experience a random
miscarriage. Although information from typical data sources
does not allow one to identify these women, we show that one
can adapt results from Horowitz and Manski (1995) on
identification with data from contaminated samples to
construct informative bounds on the causal effect of teenage
childbearing. We use these bounds to re-examine the effects
of early chilbearing on the teen mother's subsequent
educational and labour market attainment as considered in
Hotz, McElroy and Sanders (1995a, 1995b). Consistent with
their study, these bounds indicate that women who have
births as teens have higher labour market earnings and hours
worked compared to what they would have attained if their
childbearing had been delayed.},
Doi = {10.2307/2971732},
Key = {fds238585}
}
@misc{fds147308,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and V.J. Hotz and S. McElroy},
Title = {The Costs and Consequences of Teenage Childbearing for
Mothers},
Journal = {Chicago Policy Review},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-94},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds147308}
}
@misc{fds147306,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and V.J. Hotz and S. McElroy},
Title = {The Impact of Teenage Childbearing on the Mothers and the
Consequences of those Impacts for Government},
Booktitle = {Kids Having Kids: Economic Cost and Social Consequences of
Teen Pregnancy},
Editor = {Rebecca Maynard},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds147306}
}
@misc{fds147309,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and D. Black and K. Daniel},
Title = {The Rise and Fall of King Coal},
Journal = {Kentucky Annual Economic Report},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds147309}
}
@misc{fds147310,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and B. Daponte and G. Lewis and L.
Taylor},
Title = {An Examination of Food Pantry Use},
Journal = {United Way},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds147310}
}
@article{fds238584,
Author = {Sanders, SG and Duleep, HO},
Title = {Empirical Regularities Across Cultures: The Effect of
Children on Women's Work},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {328-347},
Year = {1994},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238584}
}
@article{fds324869,
Author = {Hotz, VJ and Miller, RA and Sanders, S and Smith,
J},
Title = {A simulation estimator for dynamic models of discrete
choice},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {265-289},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2297981},
Abstract = {This paper analyses a new estimator for the structural
parameters of dynamic models of discrete choice. Based on an
inversion theorem due to Hotz and Miller (1993), which
establishes the existence of a one-to-one mapping between
the conditional valuation functions for the dynamic problem
and their associated conditional choice probabilities, we
exploit simulation techniques to estimate models which do
not possess terminal states. In this way our Conditional
Choice Simulation (CCS) estimator complements the
Conditional Choice Probability (CCP) estimator of Hotz and
Miller (1993). Drawing on work in empirical process theory
by Pakes and Pollard (1989), we establish its large sample
properties, and then conduct a Monte Carlo study of Rust’s
(1987) model of bus engine replacement to compare its small
sample properties with those of Maximum Likelihood (ML). ©
1994 The Review of Economic Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/2297981},
Key = {fds324869}
}
@misc{fds147311,
Author = {S.G. Sanders and V. J. Hotz},
Title = {Bounding Treatment Effects in Experimental Evaluations
Subject to Post-Randomization Treatment Choice},
Journal = {Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute, 49th
Session},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds147311}
}
@article{fds238583,
Author = {Sanders, SG and Duleep, HO},
Title = {The Decision to Work by Married Immigrant Women: Evidence
from Asian Women},
Journal = {Industrial and Labor Relations Review},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {677-690},
Year = {1993},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238583}
}
@article{fds238582,
Author = {DULEEP, HO and SANDERS, S},
Title = {Discrimination at the Top: American‐Born Asian and White
Men},
Journal = {Industrial Relations},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {416-432},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1992.tb00318.x},
Abstract = {Asians are perceived as doing very well, and, indeed, the
average earnings of several Asian groups exceed those of
whites. However, although entering well‐paying positions,
Asians may be prevented from further advancement by an
invisible “glass ceiling.” Using microdata from the 1980
census to examine the economic status of American‐born men
in five Asian groups, we find that the average Asian man
earns as much as non‐Hispanic white men, but, adjusting
for occupation and industry, highly educated Asian men in
all five groups earn less than their white counterparts.
Copyright © 1992, Wiley Blackwell. All rights
reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-232X.1992.tb00318.x},
Key = {fds238582}
}
%% Sarver, Todd
@article{fds366374,
Author = {Sarver, T and Sadowski, P},
Title = {An Evolutionary Perspective on Updating Risk and Ambiguity
Preferences},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds366374}
}
@article{fds366375,
Author = {Ahn, DS and Iijima, R and Le Yaouanq and Y and Sarver,
T},
Title = {Behavioral Characterizations of Naiveté for
Time-Inconsistent Preferences},
Journal = {Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper},
Number = {2074},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds366375}
}
@article{fds366376,
Author = {Ahn, DS and Iijima, R and Sarver, T},
Title = {Naiveté About Temptation and Self-Control: Foundations for
Naive Quasi-Hyperbolic Discounting},
Journal = {Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper},
Number = {2099},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds366376}
}
@article{fds349804,
Author = {Sarver, T},
Title = {Dynamic Mixture-Averse Preferences},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {86},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1347-1382},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA12687},
Abstract = {To study intertemporal decisions under risk, we develop a
new recursive model of non-expected-utility preferences. The
main axiom of our analysis is called mixture aversion, as it
captures a dislike of probabilistic mixtures of lotteries.
Our representation for mixture-averse preferences can be
interpreted as if an individual optimally selects her risk
attitude from some feasible set. We describe some useful
parametric examples of our representation and provide
comparative statics that tightly link decreases in risk
aversion to larger sets of feasible risk attitudes. We then
present several applications of the model. In an insurance
problem, mixture-averse preferences can produce a marginal
willingness to pay for insurance coverage that increases in
the level of existing coverage. In investment decisions, our
model can generate endogenous heterogeneity in equilibrium
stock market participation, even when consumers have
identical preferences. Finally, we demonstrate that our
model can address the Rabin paradox even in the presence of
reasonable levels of background risk.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA12687},
Key = {fds349804}
}
@article{fds366377,
Author = {Sarver, T},
Title = {Risk Attitude Optimization and Heterogeneous Stock Market
Participation},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds366377}
}
@article{fds320622,
Author = {Ahn, D and Iijima, R and Yaouanq, Y and Sarver, TD},
Title = {Behavioral Characterizations of Naiveté for
Time-Inconsistent Preferences},
Number = {238},
Pages = {60 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy076},
Abstract = {We propose nonparametric definitions of absolute and
comparative naiveté. These definitions leverage ex-ante
choice of menu to identify predictions of future behavior
and ex-post (random) choices from menus to identify actual
behavior. The main advantage of our definitions is their
independence from any assumed functional form for the
utility function representing behavior. An individual is
sophisticated if she is indifferent between choosing from a
menu ex post or committing to the actual distribution of
choices from that menu ex ante. She is naive if she prefers
the flexibility in the menu, reflecting a mistaken belief
that she will act more virtuously than she actually will. We
propose two definitions of comparative naiveté and explore
the restrictions implied by our definitions for several
prominent models of time inconsistency. Finally, we discuss
the implications of general naiveté for welfare and the
design of commitment devices.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy076},
Key = {fds320622}
}
@article{fds305853,
Author = {Ergin, H and Sarver, T},
Title = {Hidden actions and preferences for timing of resolution of
uncertainty},
Journal = {Theoretical Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {489-541},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1933-6837},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/TE1340},
Abstract = {We study preferences for timing of resolution of objective
uncertainty in a menu-choice model with two stages of
information arrival. We characterize a general class of
utility representations called hidden action
representations, which interpret an intrinsic preference for
timing of resolution of uncertainty as if an unobservable
action is taken between the resolution of the two periods of
information arrival. These representations permit a richer
class of preferences for timing than was possible in the
model of [Kreps and Porteus, 1978] by incorporating a
preference for flexibility. Our model contains several
special cases where this hidden action can be given a novel
economic interpretation.},
Doi = {10.3982/TE1340},
Key = {fds305853}
}
@article{fds294373,
Author = {Ahn, DS and Sarver, TD},
Title = {Preference for Flexibility and Random Choice},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {81},
Number = {1},
Pages = {341-361},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10431},
Abstract = {© 2013 The Econometric Society. We study a two-stage model
where the agent has preferences over menus as in Dekel,
Lipman, and Rustichini (2001) in the first period and then
makes random choices from menus as in Gul and Pesendorfer
(2006) in the second period. Both preference for flexibility
in the first period and strictly random choices in the
second period can be, respectively, rationalized by
subjective state spaces. Our main result characterizes the
representation where the two state spaces align, so the
agent correctly anticipates her future choices. The joint
representation uniquely identifies probabilities over
subjective states and magnitudes of utilities across states.
We also characterize when the agent completely overlooks
some subjective states that realize at the point of
choice.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10431},
Key = {fds294373}
}
@article{fds294378,
Author = {Ergin, H and Sarver, T},
Title = {The unique minimal dual representation of a convex
function},
Journal = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications},
Volume = {370},
Number = {2},
Pages = {600-606},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-247X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2010.04.017},
Abstract = {Suppose (i) X is a separable Banach space, (ii) C is a
convex subset of X that is a Baire space (when endowed with
the relative topology) such that aff(C) is dense in X, and
(iii) f:C→R is locally Lipschitz continuous and convex.
The Fenchel-Moreau duality can be stated
asf(x)=maxx*∈M[〈x,x*〉-f*(x*)], for all x∈C, where f*
denotes the Fenchel conjugate of f and M=X*. We show that,
under assumptions (i)-(iii), there is a unique minimal
weak*-closed subset Mf of X* for which the above duality
holds. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmaa.2010.04.017},
Key = {fds294378}
}
@article{fds294377,
Author = {Ergin, H and Sarver, T},
Title = {A Unique costly contemplation representation},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1285-1339},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA7801},
Abstract = {We study preferences over menus which can be represented as
if the individual is uncertain of her tastes, but is able to
engage in costly contemplation before selecting an
alternative from a menu. Since contemplation is costly, our
key axiom, aversion to contingent planning, reflects the
individual's preference to learn the menu from which she
will be choosing prior to engaging in contemplation about
her tastes for the alternatives. Our representation models
contemplation strategies as subjective signals over a
subjective state space. The subjectivity of the state space
and the information structure in our representation makes it
difficult to identify them from the preference. To overcome
this issue, we show that each signal can be modeled in
reduced form as a measure over ex post utility functions
without reference to a state space. We show that in this
reduced-form representation, the set of measures and their
costs are uniquely identified. Finally, we provide a measure
of comparative contemplation costs and characterize the
special case of our representation where contemplation is
costless. © 2010 The Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA7801},
Key = {fds294377}
}
@article{fds294376,
Author = {Sarver, T},
Title = {Anticipating regret: Why fewer options may be
better},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {263-305},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2008.00834.x},
Abstract = {We study preferences over menus which can be represented as
if the agent selects an alternative from a menu and
experiences regret if her choice is ex post inferior. Since
regret arises from comparisons between the alternative
selected and the other available alternatives, our axioms
reflect the agent's desire to limit her options. We prove
that our representation is essentially unique. We also
introduce two measures of comparative regret attitudes and
relate them to our representation. Finally, we explore the
formal connection between the present work and the
literature on temptation. © The Econometric Society
2008.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0262.2008.00834.x},
Key = {fds294376}
}
@article{fds294374,
Author = {Dekel, E and Lipman, BL and Rustichini, A and Sarver,
T},
Title = {Representing preferences with a unique subjective state
space: A corrigendum},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {591-600},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2006.00759.x},
Abstract = {Dekel, Lipman and Rustichini (2001) (henceforth DLR)
axiomatically characterized three representations of
preferences that allow for a desire for flexibility and/or
commitment. In one of these representations (ordinal
expected utility), the independence axiom is stated in a
weaker form than is necessary to obtain the representation;
in another (additive expected utility), the continuity axiom
is too weak. In this erratum we provide examples showing
that the axioms used by DLR are not sufficient, and provide
stronger versions of these axioms that, together with the
other axioms used by DLR, are necessary and sufficient for
these two representations.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0262.2006.00759.x},
Key = {fds294374}
}
@article{fds294375,
Author = {Lenzo, J and Sarver, T},
Title = {Correlated equilibrium in evolutionary models with
subpopulations},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-284},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2005.08.012},
Abstract = {We study a version of the multipopulation replicator
dynamics, where each population is comprised of multiple
subpopulations. We establish that correlated equilibrium is
a natural solution concept in this setting. Specifically, we
show that every correlated equilibrium is equivalent to a
stationary state in the replicator dynamics of some
subpopulation model. We also show that every interior
stationary state, Lyapunov stable state, or limit of an
interior solution is equivalent to a correlated equilibrium.
We provide an example with a Lyapunov stable limit state
whose equivalent correlated equilibrium lies outside the
convex hull of the set of Nash equilibria. Finally, we prove
that if the matching distribution is a product measure, a
state satisfying any of the three conditions listed above is
equivalent to a Nash equilibrium. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2005.08.012},
Key = {fds294375}
}
%% Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie
@article{fds50826,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Simple and Implementable Monetary and Fiscal
Rules},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/optimal_simple_rules/optimal_simple_rules.html},
Key = {fds50826}
}
@article{fds50827,
Author = {Morten Ravn and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin
Uribe},
Title = {The Macroeconomics of Subsistence Points},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/subsistence_point/subsistence_point.html},
Key = {fds50827}
}
@article{fds70948,
Author = {Morten Ravn and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin
Uribe},
Title = {Pricing to Habits and the Law of One Price},
Journal = {American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/pricing_to_habits/pricing_to_habits.html},
Key = {fds70948}
}
@misc{fds46000,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Habit Persistence},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {McMillan},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~grohe/research/habit_persistence.pdf},
Key = {fds46000}
}
@misc{fds46003,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Inflation Stabilization in a Medium-Scale
Macroeconomic Model},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Central Bank of Chile
Conference, edited by Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel and Rick
Mishkin},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/chile/chile.html},
Key = {fds46003}
}
@article{fds38466,
Author = {Morten Ravn and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin
Uribe},
Title = {Deep Habits},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {195-218},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/deep_habits/deep_habits.html},
Key = {fds38466}
}
@misc{fds51821,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy in a Medium-Scale Model
of the Macroeconomy},
Pages = {383-425},
Booktitle = {NBER Macroeconomics Annual},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {Mark Gertler and Kenneth Rogoff},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/nberma/nberma.html},
Key = {fds51821}
}
@misc{fds50780,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé},
Title = {Comment on “Inflation Targeting and Optimal Monetary
Policy by Michael Woodford},
Volume = {86},
Pages = {43-49},
Booktitle = {The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds50780}
}
@article{fds30282,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy under Imperfect
Competition},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {183-209},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/mono/mono.html},
Key = {fds30282}
}
@article{fds30284,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy under Sticky
Prices},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {198-230},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/ramsey_sticky/ramsey_sticky.html},
Key = {fds30284}
}
@article{fds30287,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Solving Dynamic General Equilibrium Models Using a
Second-Order Approximation to the Policy
Function},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {755-775},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/%7Euribe/2nd_order.htm},
Key = {fds30287}
}
@misc{fds50781,
Author = {Stephanie. Schmitt-Grohé},
Title = {Comment on ``Limits to Inflation Targeting" by Chris
Sims},
Series = {National Bureau of Economic Research, Studies in Business
Cycles, Volume 32},
Pages = {299-308},
Booktitle = {The Inflation-Targeting Debate},
Publisher = {The University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Ben S. Bernanke and Michael Woodford},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds50781}
}
@article{fds30300,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {Backward-Looking Interest Rate Rules, Interest Rate
Smoothing, and Macroeconomic Stability},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {1379-1412},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds30300}
}
@article{fds14252,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Closing Small Open Economy Models},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {163-185},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/closing.htm},
Key = {fds14252}
}
@article{fds14272,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {Avoiding Liquidity Traps},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {110},
Pages = {535-563},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds14272}
}
@article{fds14270,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {Chaotic Interest Rate Rules},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Pages = {72-78},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds14270}
}
@article{fds14269,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {Stabilization Policy and the Costs of Dollarization},
Journal = {Journal of Money Credit and Banking},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {482-509},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds14269}
}
@article{fds14268,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Multiple Equilibria},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Pages = {167-186},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds14268}
}
@article{fds14267,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohé and M. Uribe},
Title = {The Perils of Taylor Rules},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {96},
Pages = {40-69},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds14267}
}
@article{fds14266,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé},
Title = {Endogenous Business Cycles and the Dynamics of Output,
Hours, and Consumption},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {90},
Pages = {1136-59},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds14266}
}
@article{fds14264,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Price Level Determinacy and Monetary Policy Under a
Balanced-Budget Requirement},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {211-246},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds14264}
}
@article{fds14262,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Y2K},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dyamics},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {850-856},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds14262}
}
@article{fds27279,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé},
Title = {The International Transmission of Economic Fluctuations:
Effects of U.S. Business Cycles on the Canadian
Economy},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {257-287},
Year = {1998},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds27279}
}
@article{fds27280,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohé and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Balanced-Budget Rules, Distortionary Taxes, and Aggregate
Instability},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {105},
Pages = {976-1000},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds27280}
}
@article{fds27281,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé},
Title = {Comparing Four Models of Aggregate Fluctuations Due to
Self-Fulfilling Expectations},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {72},
Pages = {96-147},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds27281}
}
%% Sexton, Steven E.
@article{fds339218,
Author = {Harding, M and Sexton, S},
Title = {Household Response to Time-Varying Electricity
Prices},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {337-359},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053437},
Abstract = {<jats:p> The diffusion of smart metering technology and
intermittent renewable electricity generation capacity makes
the deployment of time-varying electricity rates
increasingly feasible and important to the functioning of
electricity grids. Such rates, which economists advocate to
more efficiently match supply and demand, remain rare,
though experiments assessing consumer responses are not.
This review synthesizes evaluations of these experiments in
the context of a theory of consumer inattention and
adjustment costs that posits a role for automation
technology to boost the short-run price elasticity of demand
and affect demand-side reductions that can lower generation
costs. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053437},
Key = {fds339218}
}
@article{fds267434,
Author = {Sexton, S},
Title = {Automatic Bill Payment and Salience Effects: Evidence from
Electricity Consumption},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {97},
Number = {2},
Pages = {229-241},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00465},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00465},
Key = {fds267434}
}
@article{fds267442,
Author = {Sexton, SE and Sexton, AL},
Title = {Conspicuous conservation: The Prius halo and willingness to
pay for environmental bona fides},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {303-317},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2013.11.004},
Abstract = {This paper develops a theory of conspicuous conservation, a
phenomenon related to conspicuous consumption in which
individuals seek status through displays of austerity amid
growing concern about environmental protection. We identify
a statistically and economically significant conspicuous
conservation effect in vehicle purchase decisions and
estimate a mean willingness to pay for the green signal
provided by the distinctively designed Toyota Prius in the
range of $430-4200 depending upon the owner's location.
Results are related to the growing literature on green
markets and suggest that policy should target less
conspicuous conservation investments that will be
under-provided relative to those that confer a status
benefit. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2013.11.004},
Key = {fds267442}
}
@article{fds267435,
Author = {Barrows, G and Sexton, S and Zilberman, D},
Title = {The Impact of Agricultural Biotechnology on Supply and
Land-Use},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Increased demand for agricultural produce for food, fiber,
feed, and energy generates a tradeoff between high prices
and environmentally costly land conversion. Genetically
engineered (GE) seeds can potentially increase supply
without recruiting new lands to production. We develop a
simple adoption model to show how first-generation GE
increases yield per hectare. We identify yield increases
from cross country time series variation in GE adoption
share within the main GE crops- cotton, corn, and soybeans.
We find that GE increased yields 34% for cotton, 32% for
corn, but only 2% for soybeans. The model also predicts that
GE extends the range of lands that can be farmed profitably.
If the output on these lands are attributed to GE
technology, then overall supply effects are larger than
previously understood. Considering this extensive margin
effect, the supply effect of GE increases from 10% to 16%
for corn, 15% to 20% for cotton, and 2% to 39% for soybeans,
generating significant downward pressure on prices. Finally,
we compute \saved" lands and greenhouse gasses as the
difference between observed hectarage per crop and
counterfactual hectarage needed to generate the same output
without the yield boost from GE. We find that all together,
GE saved 21million Ha of land from conversion to agriculture
in 2010, or 0.41 Gt ofCO2emissions (using a constantCO2/land
conversion factor). These averted emissions are equivalent
to roughly 1/3 the annual emissions from driving in the
US.},
Key = {fds267435}
}
@article{fds267441,
Author = {Sexton, SE},
Title = {Paying for Pollution? How General Equilibrium Effects
Undermine the "Spare the Air" Program},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {4},
Pages = {553-575},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-012-9577-z},
Abstract = {Policy-makers have relied on non-coercive mechanisms to
achieve socially preferred outcomes in a variety of contexts
when prices fail to ration scarce resources. Amid heightened
concern about environmental damage and climate change,
public appeals for cooperation and pecuniary incentives are
frequently used to achieve resource conservation and other
prosocial behavior. Yet the relative effectiveness of these
two instruments is poorly understood when pecuniary
incentives are small. This paper examines the extent to
which free transit fares and appeals for car trip avoidance
reduce car pollution on smoggy days. Using data on freeway
traffic volumes and transit ridership, public appeals for
cooperation are shown to have no significant effect on car
trip demand. Free transit fares, however, do have a
significant effect on car trip demand. But the effect is
perverse in that it generates an increase in car trips and
related pollution. Free fares also increase transit
ridership. These results suggest that free transit rides do
not induce motorists to substitute to transit, but instead
subsidize regular transit rides and additional trips.
Appeals for cooperation have no affect on carpooling
behavior. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-012-9577-z},
Key = {fds267441}
}
@article{fds267440,
Author = {Sexton, SE and Zilberman, D},
Title = {Biotechnology and biofuel},
Journal = {Frontiers of Economics and Globalization},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {225-242},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1574-8715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000010014},
Abstract = {Purpose - To identify how agricultural biotechnology
addresses the two challenges facing agriculture: to feed a
world growing to 9 billion people by 2050 and to provide a
liquid fuel alternative to petroleum. Design -This chapter
relies on econometric modeling, a review of existing
literature, and diagrammatic modeling to articulate the
impact of agricultural biotechnology on food and energy
markets. Findings -Agricultural biotechnology reduces the
tension between food security and biofuel production. It
reduces volatility in food and fuel markets and can mitigate
risk to biofuel processors. Originality - The analysis is
original although it relies on previous research to some
extent. The analysis is compared to and contrasted with
related work. © 2011 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1108/S1574-8715(2011)0000010014},
Key = {fds267440}
}
@article{fds267443,
Author = {Zilberman, D and Sexton, SE and Marra, MC and Fernandez-Cornejo,
J},
Title = {The Economic Impact of Genetically Engineered
Crops},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds267443}
}
@article{fds267438,
Author = {Saitone, TL and Sexton, RJ and Sexton, SE},
Title = {Market power in the corn sector: How does it affect the
impacts of the ethanol subsidy?},
Journal = {Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-194},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1068-5502},
Abstract = {Market power is discussed in debates about subsidies for
ethanol production. The structural conditions in the corn
industry create a case for concerns about market power. We
develop an analytical model for determining the production
and price impacts and the distribution of benefits from the
U.S. ethanol subsidy when upstream sellers in the seed
sector and downstream buyers in the processing sector may
exercise market power. Results demonstrate that the impacts
on prices and output are probably limited. Distributional
impacts are much greater. Seed producers and corn processors
with market power capture relatively large shares of subsidy
benefits. Copyright 2008 Western Agricultural Economics
Association.},
Key = {fds267438}
}
@article{fds267444,
Author = {Hochman, G and Sexton, SE and Zilberman, DD},
Title = {The economics of biofuel policy and biotechnology},
Journal = {Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial
Organization},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1542-0485.1237},
Abstract = {This paper employs a partial equilibrium trade framework to
show that biofuel policy can substitute for traditional
agricultural policy intended to boost farm welfare. It also
shows how food market volatility can induce periods of boom
and bust in the ethanol industry, causing episodes of
bankruptcy and reduced capital investment. This paper
further models the effects of two specific technological
innovations - cellulosic ethanol and agricultural
biotechnology - on food and fuel markets and demonstrates
that technology can reduce ethanol market volatility. A
parameterized model is used to characterize the impacts of
biofuels on food and fuel markets. © 2008 The Berkeley
Electronic Press. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1542-0485.1237},
Key = {fds267444}
}
@article{fds267439,
Author = {Rajagopal, D and Sexton, SE and Roland-Holst, D and Zilberman,
D},
Title = {Challenge of biofuel: Filling the tank without emptying the
stomach?},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044004-044004},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/2/4/044004},
Abstract = {Biofuels have become a leading alternative to fossil fuel
because they can be produced domestically by many countries,
require only minimal changes to retail distribution and
end-use technologies, are a partial response to global
climate change, and because they have the potential to spur
rural development. Production of biofuel has increased most
rapidly for corn ethanol, in part because of government
subsidies; yet, corn ethanol offers at most a modest
contribution to society's climate change goals and only a
marginally positive net energy balance. Current biofuels
pose long-run consequences for the provision of food and
environmental amenities. In the short run, however, when
gasoline supply and demand are inelastic, they serve as a
buffer supply of energy, helping to reduce prices. Employing
a conceptual model and with back-of-the-envelope estimates
of wealth transfers resulting from biofuel production, we
find that ethanol subsidies pay for themselves. Adoption of
second-generation technologies may make biofuels more
beneficial to society. The large-scale production of new
types of crops dedicated to energy is likely to induce
structural change in agriculture and change the sources,
levels, and variability of farm incomes. The socio-economic
impact of biofuel production will largely depend on how well
the process of technology adoption by farmers and processors
is understood and managed. The confluence of agricultural
policy with environmental and energy policies is expected.
© IOP Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/2/4/044004},
Key = {fds267439}
}
@article{fds267437,
Author = {Sexton, SE and Lei, Z and Zilberman, D},
Title = {The Economics of Pesticides and Pest Control},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-326},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {Pesticides have been a major contributor to the growth of
agricultural productivity and food supply. Yet, they are a
source of concern because of human and environmental health
side effects. This paper presents methodologies for
assessing the productivity and health effects of pesticides.
It also provides an overview of some of the major empirical
findings. This paper covers major research that analyzes
alternative approaches to address issues of resistance
buildup, risk and environmental and human health,
predator–prey relationships, as well as dynamic
considerations. The paper summarizes existing policies that
vary from the prescribed social optimum suggested by
economic theory to those motivated by political–economy
factors and risk aversion. Analysis is provided to relate
pesticide policies to the larger context of agricultural and
environmental management. This paper also presents recent
modeling of invasive species and agricultural
biotechnology.},
Key = {fds267437}
}
@article{fds267436,
Author = {Saitone, TL and Sexton, RJ and Sexton, SE},
Title = {Effects of Market Power on the Size and Distribution of
Subsidy Benefits: The Case of Ethanol Promotion},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {The subject of market power is discussed frequently in
debates about subsidies for ethanol production, and
structural conditions in the industry create a prima-facie
case for concerns about market power. This paper develops a
prototype model for determining the production and price
impacts and distribution of benefits from the U.S. ethanol
subsidy when upstream sellers in the seed sector and
downstream buyers in the processing sector may exercise
market power. The impact of the subsidy is analyzed within a
simulation framework for alternative levels of market power.
Results demonstrate that the impacts on prices and output
are limited for modest departures from competition.
Distributional impacts are much greater. Seed producers and
corn processors with market power are able to capture
relatively large shares of the benefits from the subsidy. A
perhaps surprising result is that upstream oligopoly power
exercised by seed producers is prospectively as important in
influencing the positive and distributional impacts of the
subsidy as the much more frequently discussed and debated
prospect that downstream corn processors may exercise buyer
power.},
Key = {fds267436}
}
%% Sidibe, Modibo
@article{fds320625,
Author = {Belzil, C and Sidibe, M},
Title = {Internal and External Validity of Experimental Risk and Time
Preferences},
Number = {237},
Pages = {43 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Using a unique field experiment from Canada, we estimate
individual preference over risk and time and show
considerable heterogeneity in both dimensions and relatively
stable distributions across our various specifications,
which include hyperbolic, quasi-hyperbolic discounting as
well as subjective failure probability over future payments.
We investigate the prediction power (transportability) of
the estimated preference parameters when used to explain the
take-up decision of higher education grants where financial
stakes are approximately seven to fifty times larger than
the cash transfers used to elicit preferences. We find that
both long-run discount factors and subjective payment
failure risk parameters have a high degree of
transportability across tasks, while parameters
characterizing short-run discount preferences are irrelevant
when considering higher-stakes decisions.},
Key = {fds320625}
}
@article{fds320626,
Author = {Schmutz, B and Sidibe, M},
Title = {Frictional Spatial Equilibrium},
Number = {236},
Pages = {34 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {We study the properties of spatial equilibrium in an economy
where locations have heterogeneous endowments and the labour
market is subject to matching frictions. Both workers and
firms make endogenous location decisions, which, in turn,
determine the spatial distribution of unemployment, wage and
firm density, as well as city population. We explain why
diverse urban configurations may coexist in a country
without any impediment to labour mobility, and in
particular, why homogeneous workers, free to move at will,
may be subject to spatial stickiness while welfare is not
equalized across space. We also introduce a typology of
cities based on the productivity of their local amenities,
which describes the co-movement of local economic outcomes
and we show that the introduction of commercial real estate
induces an asymmetry between urban decline and urban growth.
Positive (negative) productivity shocks are more (less)
likely to increase (decrease) population than rent, rent
than wages, and wages than employment.},
Key = {fds320626}
}
@article{fds320627,
Author = {Belzil, C and Maurel, A and Sidibe, M},
Title = {Estimating the Value of Higher Education Financial Aid:
Evidence from a Field Experiment},
Number = {235},
Pages = {53 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/710701},
Abstract = {Using data from a Canadian field experiment designed to
elicit risk and time preferences and quantify financial
barriers to higher education, we estimate the distribution
of the value of financial aid for prospective students, and
relate it to parental socio-economic background, individual
skills, risk and time preferences. Our results point to
credit constraints affecting a sizable share of prospective
students. We find that most of the individuals are willing
to pay a sizable interest premium above the prevailing
market rate for the option to take-up a loan, with a median
interest rate wedge equal to 6.6 percentage points for a
$1,000 loan. The willingness-to-pay for financial aid is
also highly heterogeneous across students, with preferences,
in particular discount factors, playing a key role in
accounting for this variation.},
Doi = {10.1086/710701},
Key = {fds320627}
}
@article{fds320628,
Author = {Schmutz, B and Sidibe, M},
Title = {Frictional Labor Mobility},
Number = {234},
Pages = {61 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy056},
Abstract = {We build a dynamic model of migration where, in addition to
classical mobility costs, workers face informational
frictions that decrease their ability to compete for distant
job opportunities. We structurally estimate the model on a
matched employer-employee panel dataset describing labor
market transitions within and between the 100 largest French
cities. Our identification strategy is based on the premise
that frictions affect the frequency of job transitions,
while mobility costs impact the distribution of accepted
wages. We find that after controlling for frictions,
mobility costs are one order of magnitude lower than
previously reported in the literature and their effect on
labor mobility and unemployment is significantly lower than
the effect of informational frictions.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy056},
Key = {fds320628}
}
@article{fds325936,
Author = {Goffette-Nagot, F and Sidibé, M},
Title = {Housing wealth accumulation: The role of public
housing},
Journal = {Regional Science and Urban Economics},
Volume = {57},
Pages = {12-22},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2015.11.004},
Abstract = {The public housing sector provides housing units at
below-market rents, potentially allowing its tenants to save
for a downpayment more quickly than they would have
otherwise. In this paper, we analyze the effect of a spell
in public housing on age at first-time homeownership using
the French Housing Survey. We use a pseudo-panel approach
that takes into account the specificities of the local
housing market, to derive individual tenure transitions from
multiple cross-sections data, for the period 1979-2006.
Using an IV strategy to control for a potential selection
into public housing, we jointly estimate public housing
tenancy and duration before first-time homeownership, and
take into account unobserved heterogeneity. Our results
indicate that a spell in public housing increases the hazard
to homeownership, supporting the idea that, in France in the
study period, the public housing policy provided an
important pathway to homeownership.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2015.11.004},
Key = {fds325936}
}
@article{fds333802,
Author = {Goffette-Nagot, F and Sidibé, M},
Title = {Public housing and homeownership},
Journal = {Economie Et Prevision},
Volume = {200-201},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-159},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecop.2012.8111},
Abstract = {Home owner ship requires previous wealth accumulation, which
is influenced by housing expenditure. Does the provision of
public housing at below-market rents allow some households
to attain homeownership faster? We test this hypothesis for
France by simultaneously estimating a duration model
explaining the age of first-time buyers and the probability
of their having previously occupied public housing. To
instrument this probability, we use the share of public
housing available on the local urban rental market. Our
estimation sample is taken from the 2006 French Housing
Survey. Our results suggest that a spell in public housing
decreases age at first-time homeownership.},
Doi = {10.3406/ecop.2012.8111},
Key = {fds333802}
}
%% Skender, Charles
@article{fds315372,
Author = {Paquette, LR and Skender, CJ},
Title = {Using a bankruptcy model in the auditing course: The
evaluation of a company as a going concern},
Journal = {Journal of Accounting Education},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {319-329},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0748-5751},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0748-5751(96)00024-3},
Abstract = {In order to evaluate whether a company is experiencing a
going-concern problem, the auditor must know what
information needs to be acquired as well as how to combine
that information. Financial Z-score models can be employed
as an analytical tool in making a going-concern judgment.
These models employ a statistical technique termed
discriminant analysis which allows one to combine
information into a single measure which is then used to
classify a company as either bankrupt or nonbankrupt. This
paper describes an activity-based exercise in which students
use financial models to make going concern judgments. In
addition, the students are exposed to financial databases
maintained on CD-ROM. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier Science
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/0748-5751(96)00024-3},
Key = {fds315372}
}
%% Sloan, Frank A.
@article{fds374393,
Author = {Myers, A and Ristau, B and Mossanen, M and Tyson, MD and Chisolm, S and Sloan, F and Ball, CT and Smith, A and Lyon, TD},
Title = {Patient reported treatment burden and attitudes towards
in-home intravesical therapy among patients with bladder
cancer.},
Journal = {Urologic oncology},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {29.e17-29.e22},
Year = {2024},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.09.006},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To quantify patient reported treatment
burden while receiving intravesical therapy for bladder
cancer and to survey patient perspectives on in-home
intravesical therapy.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We
conducted a cross-sectional survey of the Bladder Cancer
Advocacy Network Patient Survey Network. Survey questions
were developed by investigators, then iteratively revised by
clinician and patient advocates. Eligible participants had
to have received at least 1 dose of intravesical therapy
delivered in an ambulatory setting.<h4>Results</h4>Two
hundred thirty-three patients responded to the survey with
median age of 70 years (range 33-88 years). Two-thirds of
respondents (66%, 151/232) had received greater than 12
bladder instillations. A travel time of >30 minutes to an
intravesical treatment facility was reported by 55%
(126/231) of respondents. Fifty-six percent (128/232)
brought caregivers to their appointments, and 36% (82/230)
missed work to receive treatment. Sixty-one respondents
(26%) felt the process of receiving bladder instillations
adversely affected their ability to perform regular daily
activities. Among those surveyed, 72% (168/232) reported
openness to receiving in-home intravesical instillations and
54% (122/228) answered that in-home instillations would make
the treatment process less disruptive to their
lives.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Bladder cancer patients reported
considerable travel distances, time requirements, and need
for caregiver support when receiving intravesical therapy.
Nearly three-quarters of survey respondents reported
openness to receiving intravesical instillations in their
home, with many identifying potential benefits for home over
clinic-based therapy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.09.006},
Key = {fds374393}
}
@article{fds369330,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Valdmanis, VG},
Title = {Relative Productivity of For-Profit Hospitals: A Big or a
Little Deal?},
Journal = {Medical care research and review : MCRR},
Volume = {80},
Number = {4},
Pages = {355-371},
Year = {2023},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10775587221142268},
Abstract = {This study asks: Does the empirical evidence support the
conclusion that for-profit (FP) hospitals are more
productive or efficient than private not-for-profit (NFP)
hospitals or non-federal public (PUB) hospitals? Alternative
theories of NFP behavior are described. Our review of
individual empirical hospital studies of quality, service
mix, community benefit, and cost/efficiency in the United
States published since 2000 indicates that no systematic
difference exists in cost/efficiency, provision of
uncompensated care, and quality of care. But FPs are more
likely to provide profitable services, higher service
intensity, have lower shares of uninsured and Medicaid
patients, and are more responsive to external financial
incentives. That FP hospitals are not more efficient runs
counter to property rights theory, but their relative
responsiveness to financial incentives supports it. There is
little evidence that FP market presence changes NFP
behaviors. Observed differences between FP and NFP hospitals
are mostly a "little deal."},
Doi = {10.1177/10775587221142268},
Key = {fds369330}
}
@article{fds370032,
Author = {Wu, B and Luo, H and Tan, C and Qi, X and Sloan, FA and Kamer, AR and Schwartz, MD and Martinez, M and Plassman, BL},
Title = {Diabetes, Edentulism, and Cognitive Decline: A 12-Year
Prospective Analysis.},
Journal = {J Dent Res},
Volume = {102},
Number = {8},
Pages = {879-886},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345231155825},
Abstract = {Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for
dementia, and increasing evidence shows that tooth loss is
associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. However,
the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on
cognitive decline is understudied. This 12-y cohort study
aimed to assess the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and
edentulism on cognitive decline and examine whether the
effect differs by age group. Data were drawn from the 2006
to 2018 Health and Retirement Study. The study sample
included 5,440 older adults aged 65 to 74 y, 3,300 aged 75
to 84 y, and 1,208 aged 85 y or older. Linear mixed-effect
regression was employed to model the rates of cognitive
decline stratified by age cohorts. Compared with their
counterparts with neither DM nor edentulism at baseline,
older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -1.12; 95% confidence
interval [CI], -1.56 to -0.65; P < 0.001) and those aged 75
to 84 y with both conditions (β = -1.35; 95% CI, -2.09 to
-0.61; P < 0.001) had a worse cognitive function. For the
rate of cognitive decline, compared to those with neither
condition from the same age cohort, older adults aged 65 to
74 y with both conditions declined at a higher rate (β =
-0.15; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.10; P < 0.001). Having DM alone
led to an accelerated cognitive decline in older adults aged
65 to 74 y (β = -0.09; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.05; P < 0.001);
having edentulism alone led to an accelerated decline in
older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -0.13; 95% CI, -0.17 to
-0.08; P < 0.001) and older adults aged 75 to 84 (β =
-0.10; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.03; P < 0.01). Our study finds
the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism led to a worse
cognitive function and a faster cognitive decline in older
adults aged 65 to 74 y.},
Doi = {10.1177/00220345231155825},
Key = {fds370032}
}
@misc{fds371247,
Author = {Smith, VK and Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA and Johnson, FR and Desvousges,
WH},
Title = {Do smokers respond to health shocks?},
Pages = {255-267},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Environmental Risk: Information, Perception
and Valuation},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781858985251},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781035301614.00028},
Abstract = {This paper reports the first effort to use data to evaluate
how new information, acquired through exogenous health
shocks, affects people's longevity expectations. We find
that smokers react differently to health shocks than do
those who quit smoking or never smoked. These differences,
together with insights from qualitative research conducted
along with the statistical analysis, suggest specific
changes in the health warnings used to reduce smoking. Our
specific focus is on how current smokers responded to health
information in comparison to former smokers and nonsmokers.
The three groups use significantly different updating rules
to revise their assessments about longevity. The most
significant finding of our study documents that smokers
differ from persons who do not smoke in how information
influences their personal longevity expectations. When
smokers experience smoking-related health shocks, they
interpret this information as reducing their chances of
living to age 75 or more. Our estimated models imply smokers
update their longevity expectations more dramatically than
either former smokers or those who never smoked. Smokers are
thus assigning a larger risk equivalent to these shocks.
They do not react comparably to general health shocks,
implying that specific information about smoking-related
health events is most likely to cause them to update
beliefs. It remains to be evaluated whether messages can be
designed that focus on the link between smoking and health
outcomes in ways that will have comparable effects on
smokers' risk perceptions. © 2001 by the President and
Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781035301614.00028},
Key = {fds371247}
}
@misc{fds371248,
Author = {Smith, VK and Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Longevity expectations and death: Can people predict their
own demise?},
Pages = {146-154},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Environmental Risk: Information, Perception
and Valuation},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781858985251},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781035301614.00018},
Abstract = {This study tests the reliability of the most important
subjective risk assessment a person can make: an expectation
about personal longevity. Using four waves of the Health and
Retirement Survey we tested whether longevity expectations
match actual mortality at the individual level. Three
distinct conclusions emerged from the analysis. First,
subjective beliefs about longevity are consistent with
individuals' observed survival patterns. After accounting
for the selected nature of the sample of surviving
respondents for each wave of the HRS survey, we found that
observed deaths are "signaled" through the lower longevity
expectations respondents report in earlier interviews.
Second, the evolution of subjective beliefs from those who
later die displays a consistent decline over time. In
contrast, survivors' longevity expectations, on average, are
higher and approximately constant over the time span
observed in the panel. Third, longevity expectations do
respond negatively both to serious, new health shocks and to
increases in individuals' functional limitations.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781035301614.00018},
Key = {fds371248}
}
@misc{fds371249,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Smith, VK and Taylor, DH},
Title = {Information, addiction, and 'bad choices': Lessons from a
century of cigarettes},
Pages = {137-145},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Environmental Risk: Information, Perception
and Valuation},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781858985251},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781035301614.00017},
Abstract = {This study describes government interventions during the
1900s and their effects on cigarette consumption within a
rational addiction framework. With annual data for the 20th
century, impacts of specific antismoking information events
disappear. U.S. per capita cigarette demand changed before
any information about health effects of smoking was widely
distributed.},
Doi = {10.4337/9781035301614.00017},
Key = {fds371249}
}
@article{fds361796,
Author = {Luo, H and Wu, B and Kamer, AR and Adhikari, S and Sloan, F and Plassman,
BL and Tan, C and Qi, X and Schwartz, MD},
Title = {Oral Health, Diabetes, and Inflammation: Effects of Oral
Hygiene Behaviour.},
Journal = {Int Dent J},
Volume = {72},
Number = {4},
Pages = {484-490},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2021.10.001},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research was to assess the
association between inflammation and oral health and
diabetes, as well as the mediating role of oral hygiene
practice in this association. METHODS: Data were from the
2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
The analytical sample consisted of 2,191 respondents aged 50
and older. Poor oral health was clinically defined by
significant tooth loss (STL) and periodontal disease (PD).
Diabetes mellitus (DM) was determined by glycemic levels.
The outcome variable was serum C-reactive protein (CRP)
level, dichotomised as ≥1 mg/dL (elevated CRP) vs
<1 mg/dL (not elevated CRP). Two path models, one using STL
and DM as the independent variable, the other using PD and
DM as the independent variable, were estimated to assess the
direct effects of having poor oral health and DM on elevated
CRP and the mediating effects of dental flossing. RESULTS:
In path model 1, individuals having both STL and DM
(adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 1.30-2.82) or having STL alone (AOR, 2.30; 95% CI,
1.68-3.15) were more likely to have elevated CRP than those
with neither STL nor DM; dental flossing (AOR, 0.92, 95% CI,
0.88-0.96) was associated with lower risk of elevated CRP.
In path model 2, no significant association was found
between having both PD and DM and elevated CRP; dental
flossing (AOR, 0.91; 95% CI:, 0.86-0.94) was associated with
lower risk of elevated CRP. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this
study highlight the importance of improving oral health and
oral hygiene practice to mitigate inflammation. Further
research is needed to assess the longer-term effects of
reducing inflammation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.identj.2021.10.001},
Key = {fds361796}
}
@article{fds349699,
Author = {Yan, BW and Sloan, FA and Boscardin, WJ and Guo, F and Dudley,
RA},
Title = {The Opioid Epidemic Blunted the Mortality Benefit of
Medicaid Expansion.},
Journal = {Medical care research and review : MCRR},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {103-112},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558720919620},
Abstract = {Although the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion
reduced uninsurance, less is known about its impact on
mortality, especially in the context of the opioid epidemic.
We conducted a difference-in-differences study comparing
trends in mortality between expansion and nonexpansion
states from 2011 to 2016 using the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention mortality data. We analyzed all-cause
deaths, health care amenable deaths, drug overdose deaths,
and deaths from causes other than drug overdose among adults
aged 20 to 64 years. Medicaid expansion was associated with
a 2.7% reduction (<i>p</i> = .020) in health care amenable
mortality, and a 1.9% reduction (<i>p</i> = .042) in
mortality not due to drug overdose. However, the expansion
was not associated with any change in all-cause mortality
(0.2% reduction, <i>p</i> = .84). In addition, drug overdose
deaths rose more sharply in expansion versus nonexpansion
states. The absence of all-cause mortality reduction until
drug overdose deaths were excluded indicate that the opioid
epidemic had a mitigating impact on any potential lives
saved by Medicaid expansion.},
Doi = {10.1177/1077558720919620},
Key = {fds349699}
}
@article{fds356170,
Author = {Zhang, Y and Dong, D and Xu, L and Miao, Z and Mao, W and Sloan, F and Tang,
S},
Title = {Ten-year impacts of China's rural health scheme: lessons for
universal health coverage.},
Journal = {BMJ Glob Health},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e003714},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003714},
Abstract = {China has made profound progress in advancing universal
health coverage (UHC) over the past two decades. New
Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) was initiated in 2003 to
provide health insurance coverage to rural population. Its
benefit packages and cost-sharing mechanism have changed
significantly over time. This study aims to assess the
impact of changing NCMS policies on NCMS enrollees' service
utilisation, medical financial burden and equity between
2003 and 2013. Data are from China National Health Services
Survey (NHSS) which is conducted every 5 years. We used the
subsample of NHSS that were enrolled in NCMS in 2003, 2008
and 2013. From 2003 to 2013, we found increased service
utilisation and an elimination of inequity in service
utilisation with respect to income. Contradicting prior
findings of increasing financial burden after the NCMS
implementation, we identified significant protective effect
of NCMS against financial risks, and a reduction in
percentage of households with high medical expenditure in
the middle-income and high-income quintiles. The rural
residents from the low-income groups have high financial
risk, therefore, should be the priority target for future
reforms. In pursuit of UHC globally, many countries struggle
to provide good coverage to the disadvantaged rural
population and balance between the competing priorities of
various UHC dimensions. Our trend analysis revealed China's
two-stage approach with NCMS reform that first focused on
expanding population coverage, then on service coverage and
financial risk protection. This path could potentially be
replicated in other middle-income and low-income countries
to pave the way for UHC.},
Doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003714},
Key = {fds356170}
}
@article{fds355694,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Quality and Cost of Care by Hospital Teaching Status: What
Are the Differences?},
Journal = {The Milbank quarterly},
Volume = {99},
Number = {1},
Pages = {273-327},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12502},
Abstract = {Policy Points In two respects, quality of care tends to be
higher at major teaching hospitals: process of care and
long-term survival of cancer patients following initial
diagnosis. There is also evidence that short-term (30-day)
mortality is lower on average at such hospitals, although
the quality of evidence is somewhat lower. Quality of care
is mulitdimensional. Empirical evidence by teaching status
on dimensions other than survival is mixed. Higher Medicare
payments for care provided by major teaching hospitals are
partially offset by lower payments to nonhospital providers.
Nevertheless, the payment differences between major teaching
and nonteaching hospitals for hospital stays, especially for
complex cases, potentially increase prices other insurers
pay for hospital care.<h4>Context</h4>The relative
performance of teaching hospitals has been discussed for
decades. For private and public insurers with provider
networks, an issue is whether having a major teaching
hospital in the network is a "must." For traditional
fee-for-service Medicare, there is an issue of adequacy of
payment of hospitals with various attributes, including
graduate medical education (GME) provision. Much empirical
evidence on relative quality and cost has been published.
This paper aims to (1) evaluate empirical evidence on
relative quality and cost of teaching hospitals and (2)
assess what the findings indicate for public and private
insurer policy.<h4>Methods</h4>Complementary approaches were
used to select studies for review. (1) Relevant studies
highly cited in Web of Science were selected. (2) This
search led to studies cited by these studies as well as
studies that cited these studies. (3) Several literature
reviews were helpful in locating pertinent studies. Some
policy-oriented papers were found in Google under topics to
which the policy applied. (4) Several papers were added
based on suggestions of reviewers.<h4>Findings</h4>Quality
of care as measured in process of care studies and in
longitudinal studies of long-term survival of cancer
patients tends to be higher at major teaching hospitals.
Evidence on survival at 30 days post admission for common
conditions and procedures also tends to favor such
hospitals. Findings on other dimensions of relative quality
are mixed. Hospitals with a substantial commitment to
graduate medical education, major teaching hospitals, are
about 10% to 20% more costly than nonteaching hospitals.
Private insurers pay a differential to major teaching
hospitals at this range's lower end. Inclusive of subsidies,
Medicare pays major teaching hospitals substantially more
than 20% extra, especially for complex surgical
procedures.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Based on the evidence on
quality, there is reason for patients to be willing to pay
more for inclusion of major teaching hospitals in private
insurer networks at least for some services. Medicare
payment for GME has long been a controversial policy issue.
The actual indirect cost of GME is likely to be far less
than the amount Medicare is currently paying
hospitals.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0009.12502},
Key = {fds355694}
}
@article{fds348051,
Author = {Ayyagari, P and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The Impact of Income-Related Medicare Part B Premiums on
Labor Supply},
Journal = {ILR Review},
Volume = {74},
Number = {2},
Pages = {419-442},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019793919891973},
Abstract = {The 2003 Medicare Modernization Act introduced
income-related premiums on Medicare coverage for
professional services (Part B) for the first time. Beginning
in 2007, higher-income households were required to pay
higher premiums for Part B coverage, which raises the price
of Medicare relative to employer-sponsored health insurance
for these households. The authors exploit this exogenous
change in Medicare policy to examine the impact of Part B
premiums on the labor supply decisions of older adults. They
find that higher Medicare premiums delay retirement.
Findings have important implications for Medicare policy and
labor markets.},
Doi = {10.1177/0019793919891973},
Key = {fds348051}
}
@article{fds354210,
Author = {Yan, BW and Hsia, RY and Yeung, V and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Changes in Mental Health Following the 2016 Presidential
Election.},
Journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {170-177},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06328-6},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The 2016 presidential election and the
controversial policy agenda of its victor have raised
concerns about how the election may have impacted mental
health.<h4>Objective</h4>Assess how mental health changed
from before to after the November 2016 election and how
trends differed in states that voted for Donald Trump versus
Hillary Clinton.<h4>Design</h4>Pre- versus post-election
study using monthly cross-sectional survey
data.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 499,201 adults surveyed
in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from May
2016 to May 2017.<h4>Exposure</h4>Residence in a state that
voted for Trump versus state that voted for Clinton and the
candidate's margin of victory in the state.<h4>Main
measures</h4>Self-reported days of poor mental health in the
last 30 days and depression rate.<h4>Key
results</h4>Compared to October 2016, the mean days of poor
mental health in the last 30 days per adult rose from 3.35
to 3.85 in December 2016 in Clinton states (0.50 days
difference, p = 0.005) but remained statistically
unchanged in Trump states, moving from 3.94 to 3.78 days
(- 0.17 difference, p = 0.308). The rises in poor
mental health days in Clinton states were driven by older
adults, women, and white individuals. The depression rate in
Clinton states began rising in January 2017. A 10-percentage
point higher margin of victory for Clinton in a state
predicted 0.41 more days of poor mental health per adult in
December 2016 on average (p = 0.001).<h4>Conclusions</h4>In
states that voted for Clinton, there were 54.6 million more
days of poor mental health among adults in December 2016,
the month following the election, compared to October 2016.
Clinicians should consider that elections could cause at
least transitory increases in poor mental health and tailor
patient care accordingly, especially with the 2020 election
upon us.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11606-020-06328-6},
Key = {fds354210}
}
@article{fds361867,
Author = {Luo, H and Tan, C and Adhikari, S and Plassman, BL and Kamer, AR and Sloan,
FA and Schwartz, MD and Qi, X and Wu, B},
Title = {Effects of the Co-occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus and Tooth
Loss on Cognitive Function.},
Journal = {Curr Alzheimer Res},
Volume = {18},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1023-1031},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205019666211223093057},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and poor oral health
are common chronic conditions and risk factors of
Alzheimer's disease and related dementia among older adults.
This study assessed the effects of DM and complete tooth
loss (TL) on cognitive function, accounting for their
interactions. METHODS: Longitudinal data were obtained from
the 2006, 2012, and 2018 waves of the Health and Retirement
Study. This cohort study included 7,805 respondents aged 65
years or older with 18,331 person-year observations. DM and
complete TL were self-reported. Cognitive function was
measured by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status.
Random-effect regressions were used to test the
associations, overall and stratified by sex. RESULTS:
Compared with older adults without neither DM nor complete
TL, those with both conditions (b = -1.35, 95% confidence
interval [CI]: -1.68, -1.02), with complete TL alone (b =
-0.67, 95% CI: -0.88, -0.45), or with DM alone (b = -0.40,
95% CI: -0.59, -0.22), had lower cognitive scores. The
impact of having both conditions was significantly greater
than that of having DM alone (p < .001) or complete TL alone
(p = 0.001). Sex-stratified analyses showed the effects were
similar in males and females, except having DM alone was not
significant in males. CONCLUSION: The co-occurrence of DM
and complete TL poses an additive risk for cognition.
Healthcare and family-care providers should pay attention to
the cognitive health of patients with both DM and complete
TL. Continued efforts are needed to improve older adults'
access to dental care, especially for individuals with
DM.},
Doi = {10.2174/1567205019666211223093057},
Key = {fds361867}
}
@article{fds362565,
Author = {Yan, BW and Sloan, FA and Dudley, RA},
Title = {How Influenza Vaccination Rate Variation Could Inform
Pandemic-Era Vaccination Efforts.},
Journal = {Journal of general internal medicine},
Volume = {35},
Number = {11},
Pages = {3401-3403},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06129-x},
Doi = {10.1007/s11606-020-06129-x},
Key = {fds362565}
}
@article{fds352200,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Inman,
BA},
Title = {The Cost to Medicare of Bladder Cancer Care.},
Journal = {European urology oncology},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {515-522},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2019.01.015},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Bladder cancer care is costly, including
cost to Medicare, but the medical cost associated with
bladder cancer patients relative to identical persons
without bladder cancer is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To
determine incremental bladder cancer cost to Medicare and
the impact of diagnosis stage and bladder cancer survival on
cost.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A
case-control study was conducted using 1998-2013
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare data.
Controls were propensity score matched for diagnosis year,
age, gender, race, and 31 Elixhauser Comorbidity Index
values. Three incident cohorts, 1998 (n=3136), 2003
(n=7000), and 2008 (n=7002), were compared.<h4>Outcome
measurements and statistical analysis</h4>Survival following
diagnosis and Medicare payments (in 2018 dollars) were
tabulated, and compared between cases and
controls.<h4>Results and limitations</h4>From 1998 to 2008,
bladder cancer patients became older and had more
comorbidities at diagnosis, although no stage migration or
change in survival occurred. Incremental costs (above those
associated with controls) were highest during the 1st year
after diagnosis and were higher for distant ($47533) than
for regional ($42403) or localized ($14304) cancer. Bladder
cancer survival was highly stage dependent. After an initial
spike in costs lasting 1-2yrs, monthly costs dropped in
survivors but remained higher than for controls. Long-term
survivors in the full sample accrued cumulative Medicare
costs of $172426 over 16yrs-46% higher than for controls.
Limitations include omission of indirect costs and reliance
on traditional Medicare.<h4>Conclusions</h4>While a bladder
cancer diagnosis incurs initial high Medicare cost,
particularly in patients with advanced cancers, the
cumulative costs of bladder cancer in long-term survivors
are higher still. Bladder cancer prevention saves Medicare
money. However, while early detection, better therapies, and
life extension of bladder cancer patients are worthwhile
goals, they come at the cost of higher Medicare
outlays.<h4>Patient summary</h4>The lifetime cost of bladder
cancer, reflecting surveillance, treatment, and management
of complications, is substantial. Since care is ongoing,
cost increases with the length of life after diagnosis as
well as the severity of initial diagnosis.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euo.2019.01.015},
Key = {fds352200}
}
@article{fds350512,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Inman, BA and Sloan,
F},
Title = {Partitioning of time trends in prevalence and mortality of
bladder cancer in the United States.},
Journal = {Annals of epidemiology},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {25-29},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.006},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>The aim of the study was to evaluate the
relative contributions of incidence, stage-specific relative
survival, and stage ascertainment to changes in bladder
cancer (BC) prevalence and incidence-based
mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>Partitioning of prevalence and
incidence-based mortality trends into their epidemiologic
components.<h4>Results</h4>BC prevalence estimated from our
model increased but at monotonically decreasing rates until
2007, after which it decreased again. The main forces
underlying observed trends in BC prevalence were relative BC
survival, which improved throughout the period, and BC
incidence, which increased at a decreasing rate until 2005
and declined thereafter. Mortality of persons ever diagnosed
with BC increased at an increasing rate until 1997,
increased at a decreasing rate from 1997 to 2005, and
decreased thereafter. The primary forces accounting for
mortality trends were changes in mortality in the general
population, which improved at an increasing rate during most
of 1992-2010, the most important factor, and changes in
incidence. Stage ascertainment did not improve during
1992-2010.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Although mortality rates
improved, these gains largely reflected improvements in U.S.
population survival rather than from improvements in
BC-specific outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.006},
Key = {fds350512}
}
@article{fds366251,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Evans, KE and Eldred Kozecke and L and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Mothers and fathers in the criminal justice system and
children's child protective services involvement.},
Journal = {Child abuse & neglect},
Volume = {101},
Pages = {104306},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104306},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Parental criminal justice system (CJS)
involvement is a marker for child protective services (CPS)
involvement.<h4>Objective</h4>To document how parental
criminal case processing affects children's CPS
involvement.<h4>Participants and setting</h4>Participants
included mothers and fathers with a serious criminal charge
(mothers = 78,882; fathers = 165,070) and without
any criminal charge (mothers = 962,963;
fathers = 743,604) between 2008-2012. Statewide North
Carolina records on court proceedings, births, CPS
assessments/investigations, and foster care placements were
used.<h4>Methods</h4>The observational unit was an
individual's first charge date of a year. Outcomes were CPS
assessment/investigation and foster care entry within six
months and alternatively three years following the charge.
Key explanatory variables were whether the charges resulted
in prosecution, conviction following prosecution, and an
active sentence conditional on conviction. An instrumental
variables approach was used.<h4>Results</h4>Parents charged
with a criminal offense had higher rates of having a CPS
assessment/investigation during the three years preceding
the charge than parents who were not charged. Among mothers
who were convicted, CPS assessment/investigation increased
8.1 percent (95 % CI: 2.2, 13.9) and 9.5 percent (95 % CI:
1.3, 17.6) 6 months and 3 years following the charge. An
active sentence increased CPS assessment/investigations by
21.6 percent (95 % CI: 6.4, 36.7) within 6 months. For
fathers, active sentence increased foster care placement by
1.6 percent (95 % CI: 0.24, 2.9) within 6 months of the
criminal charge.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Changing parental
incarceration rates would change CPS caseloads
substantially. The criminal justice and CPS systems work
with overlapping populations, data and services sharing
should be considered a high priority.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104306},
Key = {fds366251}
}
@article{fds347331,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Inman,
BA},
Title = {Longitudinal patterns of cost and utilization of medicare
beneficiaries with bladder cancer.},
Journal = {Urologic oncology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {39.e11-39.e19},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.016},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Bladder cancer (BC) is highly prevalent
and costly. This study documented cost and use of services
for BC care and for other (non-BC) care received over a
15-year follow-up period by a cohort of Medicare
beneficiaries diagnosed with BC in 1998.<h4>Methods</h4>Data
came from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results
Program linked to Medicare claims. Medicare claims provided
data on diagnoses, services provided, and Medicare Parts A
and B payments. Cost was actual Medicare payments to
providers inflated to 2018 US$. Cost and utilization were
BC-related if the claim contained a BC diagnosis code.
Otherwise, costs were for "other care." For utilization, we
grouped Part B-covered services into 6 mutually-exclusive
categories. Utilization rates were ratios of the count of
claims in a particular category during a follow-up year
divided by the number of beneficiaries with BC surviving to
year-end.<h4>Results</h4>Cumulatively over 15-years, for all
stages combined, total BC-related cost per BC beneficiary
was $42,011 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): $42,405-$43,417);
other care cost was about twice this number. Cumulative
total BC-related cost of 15-year BC survivors for all stages
was $43,770 (CI: $39,068-$48,522), intensity of BC-related
care was highest during the first year following BC
diagnosis, falling substantially thereafter. After follow-up
year 5, there were few statistically significant changes in
BC-related utilization. Utilization of other care remained
constant during follow-up or increased.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Substantial
costs were incurred for non-BC care. While increasing BC
survivorship is an important objective, non-BC care would
remain a burden to Medicare.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.016},
Key = {fds347331}
}
@article{fds342132,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {A forecasting model of disease prevalence based on the
McKendrick-von Foerster equation.},
Journal = {Math Biosci},
Volume = {311},
Pages = {31-38},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2018.12.017},
Abstract = {A new model for disease prevalence based on the analytical
solutions of McKendric-von Foerster's partial differential
equations is developed. Derivation of the model and methods
to cross check obtained results are explicitly demonstrated.
Obtained equations describe the time evolution of the
healthy and unhealthy age-structured sub-populations and age
patterns of disease prevalence. The projection of disease
prevalence into the future requires estimates of time trends
of age-specific disease incidence, relative survival
functions, and prevalence at the initial age and year
available in the data. The computational scheme for
parameter estimations using Medicare data, analytical
properties of the model, application for diabetes
prevalence, and relationship with partitioning models are
described and discussed. The model allows natural
generalization for the case of several diseases as well as
for modeling time trends in cause-specific mortality
rates.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mbs.2018.12.017},
Key = {fds342132}
}
@article{fds347155,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gifford, EJ and Evans, KE and Kozecke,
LE},
Title = {Does Having a Minor Child Affect Criminal Charges and
Sanctions Imposed on Female Defendants?},
Journal = {Women & Criminal Justice},
Pages = {1-22},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2019},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2019.1688222},
Doi = {10.1080/08974454.2019.1688222},
Key = {fds347155}
}
@article{fds339571,
Author = {Wang, Y and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Present bias and health.},
Journal = {Journal of risk and uncertainty},
Volume = {57},
Number = {2},
Pages = {177-198},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-018-9289-z},
Abstract = {This study uses a dynamic discrete choice model to examine
the degree of present bias and naivete about present bias in
individuals' health care decisions. Clinical guidelines
exist for several common chronic diseases. Although the
empirical evidence for some guidelines is strong, many
individuals with these diseases do not follow the
guidelines. Using persons with diabetes as a case study, we
find evidence of substantial present bias and naivete.
Counterfactual simulations indicate the importance of
present bias and naivete in explaining low adherence rates
to health care guidelines.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-018-9289-z},
Key = {fds339571}
}
@article{fds333659,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Identifying the causes of the changes in the prevalence
patterns of diabetes in older U.S. adults: A new trend
partitioning approach.},
Journal = {J Diabetes Complications},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {362-367},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.12.014},
Abstract = {AIMS: To identify how efforts to control the diabetes
epidemic and the resulting changes in diabetes mellitus,
type II (T2D) incidence and survival have affected the
time-trend of T2D prevalence. METHODS: A newly developed
method of trend decomposition was applied to a 5% sample of
Medicare administrative claims filed between 1991 and 2012.
RESULTS: Age-adjusted prevalence of T2D for adults age 65+
increased at an average annual percentage change of 2.31%
between 1992 and 2012. Primary contributors to this trend
were (in order of magnitude): improved survival at all ages,
increased prevalence of T2D prior to age of Medicare
eligibility, decreased incidence of T2D after age of
Medicare eligibility. CONCLUSIONS: Health services supported
by the Medicare system, coupled with improvements in medical
technology and T2D awareness efforts provide effective care
for individuals age 65 and older. However, policy maker
attention should be shifted to the prevention of T2D in
younger age groups to control the increase in prevalence
observed prior to Medicare eligibility.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.12.014},
Key = {fds333659}
}
@article{fds333201,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Sloan, F},
Title = {Adherence to Guidelines for Screening and Medication Use:
Mortality and Onset of Major Macrovascular Complications in
Elderly Persons With Diabetes Mellitus.},
Journal = {Journal of aging and health},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-520},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316684270},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study is to
investigate relationships between adherence to recommended
screening and medication use and severe macrovascular
complications and all-cause mortality among persons aged
above 68 years with diabetes mellitus (DM).<h4>Method</h4>Data
came from a 5% Medicare claims sample of beneficiaries
initially diagnosed with DM during 2006-2008; follow-up was
up to 7 years.<h4>Results</h4>Adherence to screening
guidelines led to reduced mortality-hazard ratio (HR) =
0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.56, 0.58];
congestive heart failure [CHF], HR = 0.89, CI = [0.87,
0.91]; acute myocardial infarction [AMI], HR = 0.90, CI =
[0.85, 0.95]; and stroke/transient ischemic attack
[Stroke/TIA], HR = 0.92, CI = [0.87, 0.97]-during follow-up.
Recommended medication use led to lower mortality: HR =
0.72, CI = [0.70, 0.73]; CHF, HR = 0.67, CI = [0.66, 0.69];
AMI, HR = 0.68, CI = [0.65, 0.71]; and Stroke/TIA, HR =
0.79, CI = [0.76, 0.83].<h4>Discussion</h4>Elderly persons
newly diagnosed with diabetes who adhered to recommended
care experienced reduced risk of mortality and severe
macrovascular complications.},
Doi = {10.1177/0898264316684270},
Key = {fds333201}
}
@article{fds332094,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Yashin, AI and Sloan,
F},
Title = {Mortality and Macrovascular Risk in Elderly With
Hypertension and Diabetes: Effect of Intensive Drug
Therapy.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {220-227},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpx151},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study identifies the effect of intensive
drug therapy (IDT) in individuals age 65+ with diabetes
(type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)) and hypertension on
all-cause death, congestive heart failure (CHF),
hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke
or transient ischemic attack (TIA). METHODS: Individuals
from the Medicare 5% dataset with hypertension and T2D
undergoing IDT for these conditions were propensity score
matched to a nonintensive drug-therapy group. Hazard ratios
(HRs) were obtained using the Cox proportional hazard model.
RESULTS: IDT was associated with increased risk of CHF (HR
2.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.32-2.38), MI (HR 4.27;
95% CI 4.05-4.52), and stroke or TIA (HR 1.80; 95% CI
1.70-1.89) but decreased risk of death (HR 0.95; 95% CI
0.93-0.97). Risk for CHF (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.71-0.73), MI (HR
0.64; 95% CI 0.62-0.67), stroke or TIA (HR 0.82; 95% CI
0.78-0.86), and death (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.28-0.29) was
decreased by adherence to diabetes management guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: Use of IDT in a high-risk population delays
death but not severe macrovascular outcomes. Protective
effects of IDT in high-risk patients likely outweigh
polypharmacy-related health concerns.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpx151},
Key = {fds332094}
}
@article{fds335434,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, L and Sloan, F},
Title = {Expanding the Role of Drug Treatment Courts to Prevent Child
Maltreatment},
Journal = {CW360},
Volume = {2018},
Number = {Spring},
Publisher = {School of Social Work University of Minnesota},
Editor = {LaLiberte, T and Barry, K and Walthour, K},
Year = {2018},
Key = {fds335434}
}
@article{fds328240,
Author = {Pogue, YZ and Hakes, JK and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Is Major Depression Linked to Alcohol-Impaired
Driving?},
Journal = {Substance use & misuse},
Volume = {52},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1871-1882},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2017.1318147},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Alcohol-impaired driving causes a
substantial proportion of motor vehicle accidents.
Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder among
drinker-drivers. Few previous studies have investigated the
relationship between major depression and alcohol-impaired
driving.<h4>Objectives</h4>We investigated whether
depression has a positive relationship with the probability
of alcohol-impaired driving after controlling for the
co-occurrence of binge drinking and alcohol
dependence.<h4>Methods</h4>Our data consisted of drinkers
aged 21-64 years from two waves of the National
Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions.
Cross-sectional analysis investigated whether depression is
an independent risk factor for drinking-driving.
Longitudinal analysis distinguished the relationship of
depression onset, continuance, and recovery with changes in
drinking-driving behaviors between the waves. These dual
approaches allowed comparisons with previous
studies.<h4>Results</h4>Major depression was a small but
statistically significant predictor of changes in
alcohol-impaired driving behaviors among males but not
females. Binge drinking and alcohol dependence were
comparatively stronger predictors. Conclusions/Importance:
There is limited empirical support that treating depression
reduces drinking and driving in males who do not exhibit
symptoms of alcohol use disorders. For persons with
co-occurring depression and alcohol use disorders,
depression treatment should be part of a strategy for
treating alcohol use disorders which are highly related to
drinking and driving.},
Doi = {10.1080/10826084.2017.1318147},
Key = {fds328240}
}
@article{fds329044,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Mccutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Prosecution, Conviction, and Deterrence in Child
Maltreatment Cases},
Journal = {Criminal Justice and Behavior},
Volume = {44},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1262-1280},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854817727795},
Abstract = {This study examines how decisions made by the criminal
justice system in child maltreatment cases affect
defendants’ future probability of committing a child
maltreatment offense, another offense, or having a child
involved in child protective services (CPS). A sample of
parents who were arrested on a child maltreatment charge
during 2005 to 2010 (N = 6,940) was drawn from North
Carolina administrative records from the criminal court,
birth certificates, and CPS. Instrumental variables included
the prosecutor’s prosecution rate and the judge’s
conviction rate. Rearrest rates for child maltreatment
offenses were low (3%), but high for other offenses (43%),
as were assessments by CPS (43%). Being prosecuted and
convicted reduced probabilities of rearrest in some model
specifications. However, prosecution only decreased the
probability of rearrest for child maltreatment. Neither
prosecution nor conviction prevented future CPS involvement,
suggesting the need to better understand what supports can
prevent adverse outcomes in this population.},
Doi = {10.1177/0093854817727795},
Key = {fds329044}
}
@article{fds328772,
Author = {Acquah, JK and Dahal, R and Sloan, FA},
Title = {1918 Influenza Pandemic: In Utero Exposure in the United
States and Long-Term Impact on Hospitalizations.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {107},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1477-1483},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2017.303887},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>To explore associations between in utero
exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic and hospitalization
rates in old age (≥ 70 years) in the United
States.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified individuals exposed
(mild and deadly waves) and unexposed in utero to the 1918
influenza pandemic (a natural experiment) by using birth
dates from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest
Old survey. We analyzed differences in hospitalization rates
by exposure status with multivariate linear
regression.<h4>Results</h4>In utero exposure to the deadly
wave of the 1918 influenza pandemic increased the number of
hospital visits by 10.0 per 100 persons. For those exposed
in utero to the deadliest wave of the influenza pandemic,
high rates of functional limitations are shown to drive the
higher rates of hospitalizations in old age.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In
utero exposure to the influenza pandemic increased
functional limitations and hospitalization rates in old age.
Public Health Implications. To determine investments in
influenza pandemic prevention programs that protect fetal
health, policymakers should include long-term reductions in
hospitalizations in their cost-benefit evaluations.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2017.303887},
Key = {fds328772}
}
@article{fds326600,
Author = {Yu, Y and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Trends in elderly health by cohort: Evidence from
China},
Journal = {China Economic Review},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {282-295},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2017.05.001},
Abstract = {China has the world's largest number of older persons and is
undergoing rapid demographic and economic transitions. Using
longitudinal data from seven waves of the China Health and
Nutrition Survey (CHNS) spanning 1991–2009, this study
examines trends by birth cohort for persons born during
1912–54 on several dimensions of elderly health—chronic
diseases, physical function limitations, and excess weight.
A fixed effects specification was used to distinguish trends
in health, physical function, and weight common to all adult
age groups and differential trends in these measures
according to the person's birth year. The empirical results
show that while there was a decline in physical function
limitations over time, persons born in later years were more
likely to experience a stroke and physical function
limitations at older ages than were persons born earlier. A
similar pattern occurred for stroke, but not for the other
heath indicators. These findings are robust after accounting
for sample attrition. The secular changes in health and
function could have occurred for several reasons. Among the
underlying mechanisms the data allow us to analyze, improved
access to medical care and expanded health insurance
coverage only had minor effects on observed changes in
health and physical function.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chieco.2017.05.001},
Key = {fds326600}
}
@article{fds324870,
Author = {Abdelgadir, J and Tran, T and Muhindo, A and Obiga, D and Mukasa, J and Ssenyonjo, H and Muhumza, M and Kiryabwire, J and Haglund, MM and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Estimating the Cost of Neurosurgical Procedures in a
Low-Income Setting: An Observational Economic
Analysis.},
Journal = {World Neurosurg},
Volume = {101},
Pages = {651-657},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.048},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There are no data on cost of neurosurgery in
low-income and middle-income countries. The objective of
this study was to estimate the cost of neurosurgical
procedures in a low-resource setting to better inform
resource allocation and health sector planning. METHODS: In
this observational economic analysis, microcosting was used
to estimate the direct and indirect costs of neurosurgical
procedures at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Kampala,
Uganda). RESULTS: During the study period, October 2014 to
September 2015, 1440 charts were reviewed. Of these
patients, 434 had surgery, whereas the other 1006 were
treated nonsurgically. Thirteen types of procedures were
performed at the hospital. The estimated mean cost of a
neurosurgical procedure was $542.14 (standard deviation
[SD], $253.62). The mean cost of different procedures ranged
from $291 (SD, $101) for burr hole evacuations to $1,221
(SD, $473) for excision of brain tumors. For most surgeries,
overhead costs represented the largest proportion of the
total cost (29%-41%). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study
using primary data to determine the cost of neurosurgery in
a low-resource setting. Operating theater capacity is likely
the binding constraint on operative volume, and thus,
investing in operating theaters should achieve a higher
level of efficiency. Findings from this study could be used
by stakeholders and policy makers for resource allocation
and to perform economic analyses to establish the value of
neurosurgery in achieving global health goals.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.048},
Key = {fds324870}
}
@article{fds324109,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and mortality
in observational data.},
Journal = {Theor Popul Biol},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {117-127},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.01.003},
Abstract = {In this study, we present a new theory of partitioning of
disease prevalence and incidence-based mortality and
demonstrate how this theory practically works for analyses
of Medicare data. In the theory, the prevalence of a disease
and incidence-based mortality are modeled in terms of
disease incidence and survival after diagnosis supplemented
by information on disease prevalence at the initial age and
year available in a dataset. Partitioning of the trends of
prevalence and mortality is calculated with minimal
assumptions. The resulting expressions for the components of
the trends are given by continuous functions of data. The
estimator is consistent and stable. The developed
methodology is applied for data on type 2 diabetes using
individual records from a nationally representative 5%
sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65+. Numerical
estimates show excellent concordance between empirical
estimates and theoretical predictions. Evaluated
partitioning model showed that both prevalence and mortality
increase with time. The primary driving factors of the
observed prevalence increase are improved survival and
increased prevalence at age 65. The increase in
diabetes-related mortality is driven by increased prevalence
and unobserved trends in time-periods and age-groups outside
of the range of the data used in the study. Finally, the
properties of the new estimator, possible statistical and
systematical uncertainties, and future practical
applications of this methodology in epidemiology,
demography, public health and health forecasting are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.tpb.2017.01.003},
Key = {fds324109}
}
@article{fds323214,
Author = {Sloan, FA and McCutchan, SA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Perceived Risks of Legal
Consequences.},
Journal = {Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {432-442},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.13298},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Driving while impaired (DWI) is a threat
to public health. Codified legal sanctions are a widely
implemented strategy to reduce DWI. However, it is unclear
that sanctioning affects individual risk perceptions so as
to deter alcohol-impaired driving.<h4>Methods</h4>Using
survey data collected from individual drivers, police, and
defense attorneys specializing in DWI in 8 U.S. cities, we
investigated whether risk perceptions about legal
consequences for alcohol-impaired driving, both the risk of
being stopped if driving while alcohol-impaired and
receiving specific penalties following a DWI, deter
alcohol-impaired driving. First, we analyzed how different
drivers' risk perceptions about being pulled over and facing
criminal sanctions related to their self-reported
alcohol-impaired driving in the year following the interview
at which risk perceptions were elicited. Second, using data
from an experimental module in which individual's risk
perceptions were randomly updated by the interview, we
analyzed how each driver's beliefs about his or her own
future alcohol-impaired driving responded to randomly
generated increases in the apprehension probability and
sanction magnitude.<h4>Results</h4>Higher probabilities as
estimated by the individuals of being pulled over
corresponded to less alcohol-impaired driving in both
analyses. Conversely, there was no statistical relationship
between perceptions of criminal sanctions for DWI and
alcohol-impaired driving with 1 exception-a small
significant negative relationship between duration of jail
time following a DWI conviction and alcohol-impaired
driving.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Perceptions regarding the threat
of being apprehended for alcohol-impaired driving were
related to actual self-reported driving, while perceived
sanctions following a DWI conviction for DWI generally were
unrelated to either actual self-reported alcohol-impaired
driving or the person's estimate of probability that he or
she would drive while alcohol-impaired in the following
year. Increasing certainty of apprehension by increasing
police staffing and/or conducting sobriety checks is a more
effective strategy for reducing alcohol-impaired driving
than legislating increased penalties for
DWI.},
Doi = {10.1111/acer.13298},
Key = {fds323214}
}
@article{fds323215,
Author = {Robinson, PA and Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Advantageous Selection, Moral Hazard, and Insurer Sorting:
On Risk in the U.S. Automobile Insurance
Market},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {85},
Number = {2},
Pages = {545-575},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jori.12170},
Abstract = {This study quantifies the role of private information in
automobile insurance policy choice using data on subjective
beliefs, risk preference, reckless driving, the respondent's
insurer and insurance policy characteristics merged with
insurer-specific quality ratings distributed by independent
organizations. We find a zero correlation between ex post
accident risk and insurance coverage, reflecting
advantageous selection in policy choice offset by moral
hazard. Advantageous selection is partly attributable to
insurer sorting on consumer attributes known and used by
insurers. Our analysis of insurer sorting reveals that
lower-risk drivers on attributes observed by insurers obtain
coverage from insurers with higher-quality
ratings.},
Doi = {10.1111/jori.12170},
Key = {fds323215}
}
@article{fds321970,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gifford, E and Kozecke, LM and McCutchan,
SA},
Title = {Does the probability of DWI arrest fall following
participation in DWI and hybrid drug treatment court
programs?},
Journal = {Accident analysis and prevention},
Volume = {97},
Pages = {197-205},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.029},
Abstract = {Using North Carolina administrative data, this study
examined recidivism following participation in specialty
hybrid drug and driving while intoxicated (DWI) court
programs. Three court program participation levels were
considered-being referred to, enrolling in, and completing a
specialty court program. Measures of DWI recidivism were:
arrest and total number of arrests for DWI, and being
convicted of DWI during follow-up periods of two and,
alternatively, four years. Propensity score matching was
used to obtain comparable control groups. Using a four-year
follow-up, persons convicted of a DWI who completed a
specialty court program were associated with a greater
reduction in DWI re-arrests and re-convictions than did
matched individuals who were never referred to a specialty
court program. DWI courts were more effective in reducing
re-arrests than hybrid drug courts were. Although promising
from the vantage point of participants, few persons
convicted of a DWI were referred to either court type, thus
limiting this strategy's potential effectiveness in reducing
DWI.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.029},
Key = {fds321970}
}
@article{fds323216,
Author = {Sloan, F and Eldred, L and McCutchan, S and Platt,
A},
Title = {Deterring Rearrests for Drinking and Driving.},
Journal = {Southern economic journal},
Volume = {83},
Number = {2},
Pages = {416-436},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/soej.12159},
Abstract = {This study assesses why some individuals are re-arrested for
driving while intoxicated (DWI). Using longitudinal data
from North Carolina containing information on arrests and
arrest outcomes, we test hypotheses that individuals
prosecuted and convicted of DWI are less likely to be
re-arrested for DWI. We allow for possible endogeneity of
prosecution and conviction outcomes by using instrumental
variables for the prosecutor's prosecution rate and the
judge's conviction rate. With a three-year follow-up, the
probability of DWI re-arrest was reduced by 6.6 percent if
the person was prosecuted for DWI and, for those prosecuted,
by 24.5 percent if convicted on this charge. Prosecution and
conviction for DWI deters re-arrest for DWI.},
Doi = {10.1002/soej.12159},
Key = {fds323216}
}
@article{fds321969,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Hahn, P and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Introducing Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Therapies for AMD Did Not Raise Risk of Myocardial
Infarction, Stroke, and Death.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {123},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2225-2231},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.053},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To assess the effect of availability of
anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on
mortality and hospitalizations for acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) and stroke over a 5-year follow-up period
in United States Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in 2006
compared with control groups consisting of beneficiaries (1)
newly diagnosed with exudative AMD at a time when anti-VEGF
therapy was not possible and (2) newly diagnosed with
nonexudative AMD.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort
study.<h4>Participants</h4>Beneficiaries newly diagnosed
with exudative and nonexudative AMD in 2000 and 2006
selected from a random longitudinal sample of Medicare 5%
claims and enrollment files.<h4>Methods</h4>Beneficiaries
with a first diagnosis of exudative AMD in 2006 were the
treatment group; beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
exudative AMD in 2000 or nonexudative AMD in 2000 or 2006
were control groups. To deal with potential selection bias,
we designed an intent-to-treat study, which controlled for
nonadherence to prescribed regimens. The treatment group
consisted of patients with clinically appropriate
characteristics to receive anti-VEGF injections given that
the therapy is available, bypassing the need to monitor
whether treatment was actually received. Control groups
consisted of patients with clinically appropriate
characteristics but first diagnosed at a time when the
therapy was unavailable (2000) and similar patients but for
whom the therapy was not clinically indicated (2000, 2006).
We used a Cox proportional hazard model.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>All-cause mortality and hospitalization for AMI
and stroke during follow-up.<h4>Results</h4>No statistically
significant changes in probabilities of death and
hospitalizations for AMI and stroke within a 5-year
follow-up period were identified in exudative AMD
beneficiaries newly diagnosed in 2006, the beginning of
widespread anti-VEGF use, compared with 2000. As an
alternative to our main analysis, which excluded
beneficiaries from nonexudative AMD group who received
anti-VEGF therapies during follow-up, we performed a
sensitivity analysis with this group of individuals
reincluded (11% of beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
nonexudative AMD in 2006). Results were similar.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Introduction
of anti-VEGF agents in 2006 for treating exudative AMD has
not posed a threat of increased risk of AMI, stroke, or
all-cause mortality.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.053},
Key = {fds321969}
}
@article{fds318183,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Evans, KE and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Criminally Involved Parents Who Misuse Substances and
Children's Odds of Being Arrested as a Young Adult: Do Drug
Treatment Courts Mitigate the Risk?},
Journal = {Journal of child and family studies},
Volume = {25},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2447-2457},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0406-9},
Abstract = {This paper examined (1) the association between parents who
are convicted of a substance-related offense and their
children's probability of being arrested as a young adult
and (2) whether or not parental participation in an adult
drug treatment court program mitigated this risk. The
analysis relied on state administrative data from North
Carolina courts (2005-2013) and from birth records
(1988-2003). The dependent variable was the probability that
a child was arrested as a young adult (16-21). Logistic
regression was used to compare groups and models accounted
for the clustering of multiple children with the same
mother. Findings revealed that children whose parents were
convicted on either a substance-related charge on a
non-substance-related charge had twice the odds of being
arrested as young adult, relative to children whose parents
had not been observed having a conviction. While a quarter
of children whose parents participated in a drug treatment
court program were arrested as young adults, parental
completion this program did not reduce this risk. In
conclusion, children whose parents were convicted had an
increased risk of being arrested as young adults,
irrespective of whether or not the conviction was on a
substance-related charge. However, drug treatment courts did
not reduce this risk. Reducing intergenerational links in
the probability of arrest remains a societal
challenge.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10826-016-0406-9},
Key = {fds318183}
}
@article{fds321971,
Author = {Mroz, TA and Picone, G and Sloan, F and Yashkin, AP},
Title = {Screening for a Chronic Disease: A Multiple Stage Duration
Model With Partial Observability},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {915-934},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12180},
Doi = {10.1111/iere.12180},
Key = {fds321971}
}
@article{fds315338,
Author = {Chen, Y and Hahn, P and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Changes in Visual Function in the Elderly Population in the
United States: 1995-2010.},
Journal = {Ophthalmic epidemiology},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {137-144},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0928-6586},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09286586.2015.1057603},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To document recent trends in visual function
among the United States population aged 70+ years and
investigate how the trends can be explained by
inter-temporal changes in: (1) population sociodemographic
characteristics, and chronic disease prevalence, including
eye diseases (compositional changes); and (2) effects of the
above factors on visual function (structural
changes).<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the 1995 Asset and Health
Dynamics among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) and the 2010 Health
and Retirement Study (HRS) were merged with Medicare Part B
claims in the interview years and the 2 previous years.
Decomposition analysis was performed. Respondents from both
studies were aged 70+ years. The outcome measure was
respondent self-reported visual function on a 6-point scale
(from 6 = blind to 1 = excellent).<h4>Results</h4>Overall,
visual function improved from slightly worse than good
(3.14) in 1995 to slightly better than good (2.98) in 2010.
A decline in adverse effects of aging on vision was found.
Among the compositional changes were higher educational
attainment leading to improved vision, and higher prevalence
of such diseases as diabetes mellitus, which tended to lower
visual function. However, compared to compositional changes,
structural changes were far more important, including
decreased adverse effects of aging, diabetes mellitus (when
not controlling for eye diseases), and diagnosed
glaucoma.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Although the US population has
aged and is expected to age further, visual function
improved among elderly persons, especially among persons 80+
years, likely reflecting a favorable role of structural
changes identified in this study in mitigating the adverse
effect of ongoing aging on vision.},
Doi = {10.3109/09286586.2015.1057603},
Key = {fds315338}
}
@article{fds238606,
Author = {Hahn, P and Yashkin, AP and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effect of Prior Anti-VEGF Injections on the Risk of Retained
Lens Fragments and Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in
the Elderly.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {123},
Number = {2},
Pages = {309-315},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To investigate the effect of prior
intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
injections on surgical and postoperative complication rates
associated with cataract surgery in a nationally
representative longitudinal sample of elderly
persons.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective, longitudinal cohort
analysis.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 203 643 Medicare
beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery from January 1,
2009, to December 31, 2013.<h4>Methods</h4>By using the 5%
sample of Medicare claims data, the study assessed risks of
3 adverse outcomes after receipt of cataract surgery for
beneficiaries with a history of intravitreal injections.
Risks of these outcomes in beneficiaries with a history of
intravitreal injections relative to those without were
calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model.<h4>Main
outcome measures</h4>The primary outcome was the risk of
subsequent removal of retained lens fragments (RLFs) within
28 days after cataract surgery. Secondary outcomes were a
new diagnosis of acute (<40 days) or delayed-onset (40+
days) endophthalmitis and risk of a new primary open-angle
glaucoma (POAG) diagnosis within 365 days after cataract
surgery.<h4>Results</h4>Prior intravitreal anti-VEGF
injections were associated with a significantly increased
risk of subsequent RLF removal within 28 days after cataract
surgery (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 1.19-4.30). Prior injections were also associated with
increased risk of both acute (HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.001-5.22)
and delayed-onset endophthalmitis (HR, 3.65; 95% CI,
1.65-8.05). Prior injections were not a significant
indicator of increased risk of a new POAG
diagnosis.<h4>Conclusions</h4>A history of intravitreal
injections may be a risk factor for cataract surgery-related
intraoperative complications and endophthalmitis. Given the
frequency of intravitreal injections and cataract surgery,
increased preoperative assessment, additional intraoperative
caution, and postoperative vigilance are recommended in
patients with a history of intravitreal injections
undergoing cataract extraction.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040},
Key = {fds238606}
}
@article{fds315341,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Sloan, FA and Evans,
KE},
Title = {Parental Criminal Justice Involvement and Children's
Involvement With Child Protective Services: Do Adult Drug
Treatment Courts Prevent Child Maltreatment?},
Journal = {Substance use & misuse},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-192},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1082-6084},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2015.1089906},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>In light of evidence showing reduced
criminal recidivism and cost savings, adult drug treatment
courts have grown in popularity. However, the potential
spillover benefits to family members are
understudied.<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine: (1) the overlap
between parents who were convicted of a substance-related
offense and their children's involvement with child
protective services (CPS); and (2) whether parental
participation in an adult drug treatment court program
reduces children's risk for CPS involvement.<h4>Methods</h4>Administrative
data from North Carolina courts, birth records, and social
services were linked at the child level. First, children of
parents convicted of a substance-related offense were
matched to (a) children of parents convicted of a
nonsubstance-related offense and (b) those not convicted of
any offense. Second, we compared children of parents who
completed a DTC program with children of parents who were
referred but did not enroll, who enrolled for <90 days but
did not complete, and who enrolled for 90+ days but did not
complete. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model
group differences in the odds of being reported to CPS in
the 1 to 3 years following parental criminal conviction or,
alternatively, being referred to a DTC program.<h4>Results</h4>Children
of parents convicted of a substance-related offense were at
greater risk of CPS involvement than children whose parents
were not convicted of any charge, but DTC participation did
not mitigate this risk. Conclusion/Importance: The role of
specialty courts as a strategy for reducing children's risk
of maltreatment should be further explored.},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2015.1089906},
Key = {fds315341}
}
@misc{fds362812,
Author = {Stallard, E and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Analysis of the Natural History of Dementia Using
Longitudinal Grade of Membership Models},
Volume = {40},
Pages = {353-418},
Booktitle = {Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population
Analysis},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7587-8_17},
Abstract = {We present a longitudinal form of the Grade of Membership
(GoM) model for time-varying covariates, provide a
self-contained description of its estimation, and illustrate
its application with a substantively meaningful analysis of
the progression of dementia among National Long Term Care
Survey (NLTCS) respondents. The chapter has two goals—one
methodological and the other substantive. Methodologically,
we present the Kuhn-Tucker conditions for convergence of the
maximum likelihood estimator and show how the associated
estimates can be obtained using a new constrained form of
the Newton-Raphson iteration algorithm that preserves the
summation constraints at each update; we also present and
discuss known results regarding the consistency and
asymptotic normality of the longitudinal GoM model and offer
a conjecture regarding how these results might be extended
to the less restrictive cross-sectional form of the GoM
model. Substantively, the natural history of dementia is
modeled as a complex irreversible multidimensional process
governed by a latent three-dimensional bounded state-space
process. Individual dementia cases are initially widely
dispersed in the latent state space. Over time, they move to
state-space locations associated with severe cognitive and
physical impairment and dramatically increased need for
care. The application to the NLTCS data has been
independently validated using Alzheimer’s disease data
from the two cohorts of the Predictors Study.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-94-017-7587-8_17},
Key = {fds362812}
}
@article{fds325270,
Author = {Eldred, LM and Gifford, E and McCutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Factors predicting prosecution of child maltreatment
cases},
Journal = {Children and Youth Services Review},
Volume = {70},
Pages = {201-205},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.025},
Abstract = {Objectives The purpose of the current study was to examine
what case characteristics increased the likelihood of a
child maltreatment case being prosecuted, and upon
prosecution, of being convicted. Methods Data came from 406
criminal court case files from nine judicial districts in
North Carolina. Using logistic regression, we examined how
county-level and individual characteristics of arrests
predicted the probability of prosecution, and for arrests
that result in prosecution, the probability of conviction.
Results Nearly two-fifths (39%) of individuals arrested for
child maltreatment were also charged with a concurrent
offense. Of those with a concurrent offense, 11% had a
felony charge. Of those arrested, 40% were prosecuted on at
least one charge. Two case characteristics, the presence of
any concurrent non-child maltreatment charge or a concurrent
felony non-child maltreatment charge, were positively
associated being prosecuted on at least one charge.
Prosecution for child maltreatment was less likely when
there was a concurrent felony charge, when the defendant was
the father or a non-parent (relative to the mother), and if
the youngest child named was between ages 2–5, or 6–12
(relative to children < 2). Only 18% of cases had physical
evidence available. Conviction on at least one charge was
more likely when there was a concurrent felony non-child
maltreatment charge. Conviction for a child maltreatment was
less likely when: there was a concurrent non-child
maltreatment felony charge, the defendant was not the parent
or caregiver, and there was a CPS investigation or
assessment for neglect within a 30 day window of the arrest
relative to no investigation. Conclusions Prosecutors in
child maltreatment cases weigh not only the admissibility of
evidence in deciding whether to pursue prosecution, but also
other case characteristics such as the age of the child
victim, whether there is available evidence outside of
victim testimony, and other concurrent crimes. The
prosecutor may have a stronger case for concurrent non-child
maltreatment crimes, and these will thus be more likely to
result in conviction. This may also play a role in
prosecutor decisions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.025},
Key = {fds325270}
}
@article{fds238605,
Author = {Chen, Y and Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP},
Title = {Adherence to diabetes guidelines for screening, physical
activity and medication and onset of complications and
death.},
Journal = {Journal of diabetes and its complications},
Volume = {29},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1228-1233},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1056-8727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.005},
Abstract = {<h4>Aims</h4>Analyze relationships between adherence to
guidelines for diabetes care - regular screening; physical
activity; and medication - and diabetes complications and
mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>Outcomes were onset of congestive
heart failure (CHF), stroke, renal failure, moderate
complications of lower extremities, lower-limb amputation,
proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and mortality
during follow-up. Participants were persons aged 65+ in the
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2003 Diabetes Study and
had Medicare claims in follow-up period (2004-8).<h4>Results</h4>Adherence
to screening recommendations decreased risks of developing
CHF (odds ratio (OR)=0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI):
0.72-0.96), stroke (OR=0.80; 95% CI: 0.68-0.94); renal
failure (OR=0. 82; 95% CI: 0.71-0.95); and death (OR=0.86;
95% CI: 0.74-0.99). Adherence to physical activity
recommendation reduced risks of stroke (OR=0.64; 95% CI:
0.45-0.90), renal failure (OR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.97),
moderate lower-extremity complications (OR=0.71; 95% CI:
0.51-0.99), having a lower limb amputation (OR=0.31, 95% CI:
0.11-0.85), and death (OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.41-0.77).
Medication adherence was associated with lower risks of PDR
(OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.13-0.93).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adherence
to screening, physical activity and medication guidelines
was associated with lower risks of diabetes complications
and death. Relative importance of adherence differed among
outcome measures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.005},
Key = {fds238605}
}
@article{fds238613,
Author = {Chen, Y and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Explaining Disability Trends in the U.S. Elderly and
Near-Elderly Population.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {50},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1528-1549},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12284},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To examine disability trends among U.S.
near-elderly and elderly persons and explain observed
trends.<h4>Data source</h4>1996-2010 waves of the Health and
Retirement Study.<h4>Study design</h4>We first examined
trends in Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental
Activities of Daily Living limitations, and large muscle,
mobility, gross motor, and fine motor indexes. Then we used
decomposition analysis to estimate contributions of changes
in sociodemographic composition, self-reported chronic
disease prevalence and health behaviors, and changes in
disabling effects of these factors to disability changes
between 1996 and 2010.<h4>Principal findings</h4>Disability
generally increased or was unchanged. Increased trends were
more apparent for near-elderly than elderly persons.
Sociodemographic shifts tended to reduce disability, but
their favorable effects were largely offset by increased
self-reported chronic disease prevalence. Changes in smoking
and heavy drinking prevalence had relatively minor effects
on disability trends. Increased obesity rates generated
sizable effects on lower-body functioning changes. Disabling
effects of self-reported chronic diseases often declined,
and educational attainment became a stronger influence in
preventing disability.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Such unfavorable
trends as increased chronic disease prevalence and higher
obesity rates offset or outweighed the favorable effects
with the result that disability remained unchanged or
increased.},
Doi = {10.1111/1475-6773.12284},
Key = {fds238613}
}
@article{fds315342,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Evans,
KE},
Title = {Intergenerational effects of parental substance-related
convictions and adult drug treatment court participation on
children's school performance.},
Journal = {The American journal of orthopsychiatry},
Volume = {85},
Number = {5},
Pages = {452-468},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9432},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ort0000087},
Abstract = {This study examined the intergenerational effects of
parental conviction of a substance-related charge on
children's academic performance and, conditional on a
conviction, whether completion of an adult drug treatment
court (DTC) program was associated with improved school
performance. State administrative data from North Carolina
courts, birth records, and school records were linked for
2005-2012. Math and reading end-of-grade test scores and
absenteeism were examined for 5 groups of children, those
with parents who: were not convicted on any criminal charge,
were convicted on a substance-related charge and not
referred by a court to a DTC, were referred to a DTC but did
not enroll, enrolled in a DTC but did not complete, and
completed a DTC program. Accounting for demographic and
socioeconomic factors, the school performance of children
whose parents were convicted of a substance-related offense
was worse than that of children whose parents were not
convicted on any charge. These differences were
statistically significant but substantially reduced after
controlling for socioeconomic characteristics; for example,
mother's educational attainment. We found no evidence that
parent participation in an adult DTC program led to improved
school performance of their children. While the children of
convicted parents fared worse on average, much--but not
all--of this difference was attributed to socioeconomic
factors, with the result that parental conviction remained a
risk factor for poorer school performance. Even though adult
DTCs have been shown to have other benefits, we could detect
no intergenerational benefit in improved school performance
of their children.},
Doi = {10.1037/ort0000087},
Key = {fds315342}
}
@article{fds238614,
Author = {Abel, AS and Yashkin, AP and Sloan, FA and Lee, MS},
Title = {Effect of diabetes mellitus on giant cell
arteritis.},
Journal = {Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the
North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {134-138},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1070-8022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000218},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>To determine if Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(DM) is protective against giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to
estimate the incidence of GCA diagnosis from Medicare
claims.<h4>Methods</h4>Medicare 5% claims files from 1991 to
2011 were used to identify beneficiaries diagnosed with DM,
but not GCA, within a 3-year ascertainment period.
Propensity score matching was used to define a control group
of nondiabetics with comparable demographic covariates.
Competing risk regression was then used to assess the impact
of DM diagnosis on GCA diagnosis. To allow for a 3-year
ascertainment period, the analysis sample was limited to
beneficiaries older than 68 years at baseline.<h4>Results</h4>A
total of 151,041 beneficiaries diagnosed with DM were
matched to an equal number of controls. Mean study follow-up
was 67.75 months. GCA was diagnosed among 1116 beneficiaries
with DM (0.73%) vs 465 (0.30%) controls. The risk of
receiving a GCA diagnosis among patients with DM was
increased by 100% (subhazard ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence
interval, 1.78-2.25). The annual incidence of GCA diagnosis
among claims for US Medicare beneficiaries older than 68
years old was 93 in 100,000.<h4>Conclusions</h4>A DM
diagnosis is not protective against a GCA diagnosis in the
Medicare population. Our data suggest that a DM diagnosis
increases the risk of GCA diagnosis within 5.7 years for
Medicare beneficiaries older than 68 years.},
Doi = {10.1097/wno.0000000000000218},
Key = {fds238614}
}
@article{fds315339,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Do preferences of drinker-drivers differ?},
Journal = {International journal of health economics and
management},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-268},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {2199-9023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-015-9169-x},
Abstract = {Why people engage in illegal activities is not well
understood. Using data collected for this research from
eight cities in four states, this study investigates
alternative explanations as to why people drive while
intoxicated (DWI). We find that preferences and subjective
beliefs about arrest/incarceration of persons who drink and
drive do differ systematically from others in terms of
benefits and costs of drink and driving, and in their risk
tolerance. While most findings imply that DWI is a
deliberate choice, we do find that drinker drivers tend to
be more impulsive and lack self-control in their
drinking.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10754-015-9169-x},
Key = {fds315339}
}
@article{fds238600,
Author = {Lin, W and Sloan, F},
Title = {Risk perceptions and smoking decisions of adult Chinese
men.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {60-73},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25485692},
Abstract = {This study analyzes effects of changes in risk perceptions
of smoking's health harms on actual and attempted quits and
quitting intentions of male smokers in China. Our survey of
5000+ male smokers was conducted two years after their
neighbor's lung cancer diagnosis. We use proximity to a lung
cancer neighbor as an exogenous determinant of individual's
smoking risk perception. We show that learning of a
neighbor's lung cancer diagnosis substantially affects
smokers' subjective beliefs about smoking's harms, which in
turn affects decisions about continued smoking and
intentions to quit. Our study findings offer important
public policy implications in indicating the importance of
designing health-warning messages that fit smokers' personal
circumstances as opposed to warnings solely based on edicts
from scientific experts and/or epidemiological
evidence.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.11.006},
Key = {fds238600}
}
@article{fds238601,
Author = {Gray, N and Picone, G and Sloan, F and Yashkin, A},
Title = {Relation between BMI and diabetes mellitus and its
complications among US older adults.},
Journal = {Southern medical journal},
Volume = {108},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-36},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0038-4348},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14423/smj.0000000000000214},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study examined relations between
elevated body mass index (BMI) and time to diagnosis with
type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications among older
adults in the United States.<h4>Methods</h4>Data came from
the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, 1991-2010. A Cox
proportional hazard model was used to assess relations
between excess BMI at the first Medicare Current Beneficiary
Survey interview and time to diabetes mellitus diagnosis,
complications, and insulin dependence among Medicare
beneficiaries, older than 65 years of age with no prior
diabetes mellitus diagnosis, and who were not enrolled in
Medicare Advantage (N = 14,657).<h4>Results</h4>Among
individuals diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, elevated
BMIs were associated with a progressively higher risk of
complications from diabetes mellitus. For women with a BMI
≥40, the risk of insulin dependence (hazard ratio [HR]
3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.36-5.39) was twice that
for women with 25 ≤ BMI < 27.5 (HR 1.77; 95% CI
1.33-2.33). A similar pattern was observed in risk of
cardiovascular (25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.34; 95% CI
1.15-1.54; BMI ≥40: HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.92-3.11),
cerebrovascular (25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.30; 95% CI
1.06-1.57; BMI ≥40: HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.42-2.81), renal (25
≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.04-1.63; BMI ≥40: HR
2.23; 95% CI 1.54-3.22), and lower extremity complications
(25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.22-1.61; BMI ≥40: HR
2.95; 95% CI 2.35-3.69).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Any increase in
BMI above normal weight levels is associated with an
increased risk of being diagnosed as having complications of
diabetes mellitus. For men, the increased risk of these
complications occurred at higher BMI levels than in women.
Ocular complications occurred at higher BMI levels than
other complication types in both men and
women.},
Doi = {10.14423/smj.0000000000000214},
Key = {fds238601}
}
@article{fds330511,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Editorial},
Journal = {American Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {iii},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/AJHE_x_00008},
Doi = {10.1162/AJHE_x_00008},
Key = {fds330511}
}
@article{fds315343,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Chen, Y},
Title = {Gaps in receipt of regular eye examinations among medicare
beneficiaries diagnosed with diabetes or chronic eye
diseases.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {121},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2452-2460},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.07.020},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To examine a wide range of factors
associated with regular eye examination receipt among
elderly individuals diagnosed with glaucoma, age-related
macular degeneration, or diabetes mellitus
(DM).<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective analysis of Medicare
claims linked to survey data from the Health and Retirement
Study (HRS).<h4>Participants</h4>The sample consisted of
2151 Medicare beneficiaries who responded to the
HRS.<h4>Methods</h4>Medicare beneficiaries with ≥ 1 of the
3 study diagnoses were identified by diagnosis codes and
merged with survey information. The same individuals were
followed for 5 years divided into four 15-month periods.
Predictors of the number of periods with an eye examination
evaluated were beneficiary demographic characteristics,
income, health, cognitive and physical function, health
behaviors, subjective beliefs about longevity, the length of
the individual's financial planning horizon, supplemental
health insurance coverage, eye disease diagnoses, and low
vision/blindness at baseline. We performed logit analysis of
the number of 15-month periods in which beneficiaries
received an eye examination.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>The primary outcome measure was the number of
15-month periods with an eye examination.<h4>Results</h4>One
third of beneficiaries with the study's chronic diseases saw
an eye care provider in all 4 follow-up periods despite
having Medicare. One quarter only obtained an eye
examination at most during 1 of the four 15-month follow-up
periods. Among the 3 groups of patients studied, utilization
was particularly low for persons with diagnosed DM and no
eye complications. Age, marriage, education, and a higher
score on the Charlson index were associated with more
periods with an eye examination. Male gender, being limited
in instrumental activities of daily living at baseline,
distance to the nearest ophthalmologist, and low cognitive
function were associated with a reduction in frequency of
eye examinations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Rates of eye
examinations for elderly persons with DM or frequently
occurring eye diseases, especially for DM, remain far below
recommended levels in a nationally representative sample of
persons with health insurance coverage. Several factors,
including limited physical and cognitive function and
greater distance to an ophthalmologist, but not health
insurance coverage, account for variation in regular
use.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.07.020},
Key = {fds315343}
}
@article{fds238617,
Author = {Pauly, MV and Sloan, FA and Sullivan, SD},
Title = {An economic framework for preventive care
advice.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {33},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2034-2040},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0873},
Abstract = {Under the Affordable Care Act, preventive care measures,
including vaccinations and screenings, recommended by the
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the US
Preventive Services Task Force must be covered in full by
insurance. These recommendations affect the cost of medical
care. Yet neither organization explicitly incorporates
measures of efficiency or cost-effectiveness in making its
recommendations. To redress this shortcoming, we propose a
decision-making framework for these two organizations based
on the principles of economic efficiency. Our analysis
suggests that routine use of a preventive service should be
recommended for full insurance coverage if the service's
cost-effectiveness exceeds a socially determined threshold.
For less cost-effective services, we suggest that
information about effectiveness and cost should be provided
to consumers by physicians or government, but the choice of
care and insurance coverage for care should be made by
individuals. For the least cost-effective services, the two
organizations should discourage public and private insurers
from covering such services and report their unfavorable
cost-effectiveness.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0873},
Key = {fds238617}
}
@article{fds238622,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Vernerey, A and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {How does family drug treatment court participation affect
child welfare outcomes?},
Journal = {Child abuse & neglect},
Volume = {38},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1659-1670},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0145-2134},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.010},
Abstract = {Parental substance use is a risk factor for child
maltreatment. Family drug treatment courts (FDTCs) have
emerged in the United States as a policy option to treat the
underlying condition and promote family preservation. This
study examines the effectiveness of FDTCs in North Carolina
on child welfare outcomes. Data come from North Carolina
records from child protection services, court system, and
birth records. Three types of parental participation in a
FDTC are considered: referral, enrolling, and completing an
FDTC. The sample includes 566 children who were placed into
foster care and whose parents participated in a FDTC
program. Findings indicate that children of parents who were
referred but did not enroll or who enrolled but did not
complete had longer stays in foster care than children of
completers. Reunification rates for children of completers
were also higher. Outcomes for children in the referred and
enrolled groups did not differ in the multivariate analyses.
While effective substance use treatment services for parents
may help preserve families, future research should examine
factors for improving participation and completion rates as
well as factors involved in scaling programs so that more
families are served.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.010},
Key = {fds238622}
}
@article{fds238619,
Author = {Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and McCutchan, SA and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {The effects of participation level on recidivism: a study of
drug treatment courts using propensity score
matching.},
Journal = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and
policy},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {40},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1747-597x-9-40},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Empirical evidence has suggested that
drug treatment courts (DTCs) reduce re-arrest rates.
However, DTC program completion rates are low and little is
known about the effectiveness of lower levels of program
participation.<h4>Objectives</h4>We examined how DTC program
referral, enrollment without completion, and completion,
affected re-arrest rates during a two-year
follow-up.<h4>Research design</h4>We used statewide North
Carolina data from criminal courts merged with DTC data.
Propensity score matching was used to select comparison
groups based on demographic characteristics, criminal
histories, and drug of choice (when available). Average
treatment effects on the treated were computed.<h4>Measures</h4>DTC
participation levels included referral without enrollment,
(n = 2,174), enrollment without completion (n = 954),
and completion (n = 747). Recidivism measured as re-arrest
on a substance-related charge, on a violent offense charge
not involving an allegation of substance abuse, and on any
charge (excluding infractions) was examined by felony and
misdemeanor status during a two-year follow-up
period.<h4>Results</h4>Re-arrest rates were high, 53-76
percent. In general, re-arrest rates were similar for
individuals who were referred but who did not enroll and a
matched comparison group consisting of individuals who were
not referred. In contrast, enrollees who did not complete
had lower re-arrest rates than a matched group of
individuals who were referred but did not enroll, for
arrests on any charge, on any felony charge, and on
substance-related charges (felonies and misdemeanors).
Finally, relative to persons who enrolled but did not
complete, those who completed had lower re-arrest rates on
any charge, any felony charge, any misdemeanor charge, any
substance-related charge, any substance-related misdemeanor
or felony charge, and any violent felony
charge.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Enrolling in a DTC, even without
completing, reduced re-arrest rates. Given the generally low
DTC completion rate, this finding implies that only
examining effects of completion underestimates the benefits
of DTC programs.},
Doi = {10.1186/1747-597x-9-40},
Key = {fds238619}
}
@article{fds238625,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hanrahan, BW},
Title = {Cost offsets to medicare attributable to receipt of hip,
knee, and shoulder arthroplasty.},
Journal = {Arthritis care & research},
Volume = {66},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1203-1212},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24339239},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate trends in numbers of and
Medicare payments for hip, knee, and shoulder arthroplasties
for beneficiaries with osteoarthritis (OA) and potential
savings to Medicare from arthroplasty during
followup.<h4>Methods</h4>The analysis was based on
longitudinal 5% Medicare enrollment and claims data for
1992-2010. The analysis of changes in Medicare payments
attributable to total arthroplasty receipt used propensity
score matching to obtain beneficiary control groups matched
on demographic characteristics, general health, joint pain,
and Medicare payments by major condition in the year
preceding the index arthroplasty. An average treatment
effect on the treated (ATT) overall and for each major
condition was calculated for payments for care 7-36 months
following the index arthroplasty procedure.<h4>Results</h4>Growth
in incident OA diagnoses of the hip, knee, and shoulder was
substantially higher than growth in real Medicare spending
on hip, knee, and shoulder arthroplasties. ATTs showed a
mean saving to Medicare of $471/beneficiary/procedure for
hip, no difference for knee, and a payment increase of
$1,062 for shoulder arthroplasty during followup. For hip
arthroplasty, the largest savings was for the circulatory
system. For shoulder arthroplasty, increased payments during
followup reflected increased payments for musculoskeletal
care, especially for hip and knee arthroplasty. Overall,
payment differences during followup by major condition were
small.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Provision of hip but not knee and
shoulder arthroplasty generated savings to Medicare during
followup, but even for hip arthroplasty, the cost offset
during followup was small relative to the program cost for
the procedure itself.},
Doi = {10.1002/acr.22260},
Key = {fds238625}
}
@article{fds238623,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Xu, Y},
Title = {The behavioral economics of drunk driving.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {64-81},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.01.005},
Abstract = {This study investigates whether drinker-drivers attributes
are associated with imperfect rationality or irrationality.
Using data from eight U.S. cities, we determine whether
drinker-drivers differ from other drinkers in cognitive
ability, ignorance of driving while intoxicated (DWI) laws,
have higher rates of time preference, are time inconsistent,
and lack self-control on other measures. We find that
drinker-drivers are relatively knowledgeable about DWI laws
and do not differ on two of three study measures of
cognitive ability from other drinkers. Drinker-drivers are
less prone to plan events involving drinking, e.g.,
selecting a designated driver in advance of drinking, and
are more impulsive. Furthermore, we find evidence in support
of hyperbolic discounting. In particular, relative to
non-drinker-drivers, the difference between short- and
long-term discount rates is much higher for drinker-drivers
than for other drinkers. Implications of our findings for
public policy, including incapacitation, treatment, and
educational interventions, are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.01.005},
Key = {fds238623}
}
@article{fds238626,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Davis, DV},
Title = {Addiction, drinking behavior, and driving under the
influence.},
Journal = {Substance use & misuse},
Volume = {49},
Number = {6},
Pages = {661-676},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24304171},
Abstract = {Using a survey of drinkers (N = 1,634), we evaluated
alternative explanations of heavy and binge drinking,
driving under the influence (DUI), DUI arrests, speeding
citations, and chargeable accidents. Explanations included
socializing, short-term decision-making, unrealistic
optimism, risk preferring behavior, and addiction. Most
consistent relationships were between substance use and
alcohol addiction and dependent variables for (1) binge
drinking and (2) DUI episodes. Respondent characteristics
(age, marital and employment status, race, etc.) had
important roles for DUI arrests. Drinker-drivers and those
arrested for DUI are partially overlapping groups with
implications for treatment and policies detecting and
incapacitating persons from drinking and
driving.},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2013.858167},
Key = {fds238626}
}
@article{fds238624,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hanrahan, BW},
Title = {The effects of technological advances on outcomes for
elderly persons with exudative age-related macular
degeneration.},
Journal = {JAMA ophthalmology},
Volume = {132},
Number = {4},
Pages = {456-463},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {2168-6165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.7647},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE Exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD)
is the major cause of blindness among US elderly. Developing
effective therapies for this disease has been difficult.
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of introducing new
therapies for treating exudative ARMD on vision of the
affected population and other outcomes among Medicare
beneficiaries newly diagnosed as having ARMD. DESIGN The
study used data from a 5% sample of Medicare claims and
enrollment data with a combination of a regression
discontinuity design and propensity score matching to assess
the effects on the introduction or receipt of new
technologies on study outcomes during a 2-year follow-up
period. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The analysis was based on
longitudinal data for the United States, January 1, 1994, to
December 31, 2011, for Medicare beneficiaries with
fee-for-service coverage. The sample was limited to
beneficiaries 68 years or older newly diagnosed as having
exudative ARMD as indicated by beneficiaries having no
claims with this diagnosis in a 3-year look-back period.
EXPOSURES The comparisons with vision outcomes were after vs
before the introduction of photodynamic therapy and
anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. The
comparisons for depression and long-term care facility
admission were between beneficiaries newly diagnosed as
having exudative ARMD who received photodynamic therapy or
anti-VEGF therapy compared with beneficiaries having the
diagnosis who received no therapy for this disease. MAIN
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Onset of decrease in vision, vision
loss or blindness, depression, and admission to a long-term
care facility. RESULTS Among beneficiaries newly diagnosed
as having exudative ARMD, the introduction of anti-VEGF
therapy reduced vision loss by 41% (95% CI, 52%-68%) and
onset of severe vision loss and blindness by 46% (95% CI,
47%-63%). Such beneficiaries who received anti-VEGF therapy
and were not admitted to a long-term care facility during
the look-back period were 19% (95% CI, 72%-91%) less likely
on average to be admitted to a long-term care facility
during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This
study demonstrates gains in population vision from the
introduction of anti-VEGF therapy for patients 68 years or
older with an exudative ARMD diagnosis in community-based
settings in the United States.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.7647},
Key = {fds238624}
}
@article{fds325273,
Author = {Griffin, CL and Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM},
Title = {Corrections For Racial Disparities in Law
Enforcement},
Journal = {William and Mary law review},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1365-1427},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Much empirical analysis has documented racial disparities at
the beginning and end stages of a criminal case. However,
our understanding about the perpetuation of - and even
corrections for - differential outcomes as the process
unfolds remains less than complete. This Article provides a
comprehensive examination of criminal dispositions using all
DWI cases in North Carolina during the period 2001-2011,
focusing on several major decision points in the process.
Starting with pretrial hearings and culminating in
sentencing results, we track differences in outcomes by race
and gender. Before sentencing, significant gaps emerge in
the severity of pretrial release conditions that
disadvantage black and Hispanic defendants. Yet when
prosecutors decide whether to pursue charges, we observe an
initial correction mechanism: Hispanic men are almost
two-thirds more likely to have those charges dropped
relative to white men. Although few cases survive after the
plea bargaining stage, a second correction mechanism arises:
Hispanic men are substantially less likely to receive
harsher sentences and are sent to jail for significantly
less time relative to white men. The first mechanism is
based in part on prosecutors' reviewing the strength of the
evidence but much more on declining to invest scarce
resources in the pursuit of defendants who fail to appear
for trial. The second mechanism seems to follow more
directly from judicial discretion to reverse decisions made
by law enforcement. We discuss possible explanations for
these novel empirical results and review methods for more
precisely identifying causal mechanisms in criminal
justice.},
Key = {fds325273}
}
@article{fds315391,
Author = {Zhang, Y and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Depression, Alcohol Dependence and Abuse, and Drinking and
Driving Behavior.},
Journal = {Journal of behavioral health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {212-219},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2146-8346},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20141115011440},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Alcohol dependence/abuse and depression
are positively related. Prior studies focused on
relationships between drinking and driving and alcohol
dependence/abuse, drinking and driving and problem drinking,
or drinking and driving and depression separately. No study
has addressed how depression is linked to drinking and
driving through various underlying channels in the same
study.<h4>Methods</h4>This study investigated relationships
between depression, alcohol dependence/abuse, and the number
of self-reported drinking and driving episodes. We also
explored underlying behavioral channels between depression
and alcohol dependence/abuse and binge drinking, reducing
drinking amounts when planning to drive, and use of
designated drivers. Data on 1,634 drinkers came from a
survey fielded in eight U.S. cities. We employed ordinary
least squares regression (OLS) and path analysis to assess
drinking and driving and underlying channels.<h4>Results</h4>With
OLS, being depressed increased the number of drinking and
driving episodes during the past year by 0.572. This
increase decreased to 0.411 episodes/year increase after
adding socio-demographic characteristics and household
income and lost statistical significance after controlling
for alcohol dependence/abuse. The path analysis showed that
depression is positively associated with drinking and
driving, indirectly operating through not using a designated
driver, but is not directly associated with drinking and
driving. Alcohol dependence/abuse is directly associated
with drinking and driving, and indirectly with drinking and
driving through binge drinking.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our
results suggest that treatment should focus on helping
individuals with depression to obtain assistance from
others, such as obtaining a designated driver. Since
self-control of drinking in anticipation of driving did not
significantly reduce drinking and driving episodes, this
study finds no empirical support for emphasizing improved
self-control when the treatment objective is reducing
drinking and driving frequency. While binge drinking is
associated with drinking and driving, the more appropriate
way to influence binge drinking is treating alcohol
dependence/abuse rather than depression per
se.},
Doi = {10.5455/jbh.20141115011440},
Key = {fds315391}
}
@article{fds325274,
Author = {Sloan, FA and George, LK and Hu, L},
Title = {Productivity improvements in hip and knee
surgery.},
Journal = {Arthritis},
Volume = {2014},
Pages = {615784},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/615784},
Abstract = {Productivity improvements that occur as technologies become
widely used are not well documented. This study measured
secular trends over 1998-2010 in productivity of hip and
knee procedures gauged in terms of changes in physical
function and pain after versus before surgery. We used data
from the Health and Retirement Study. Health outcomes from
surgery were measured by 6 physical functioning scales and 2
pain indicators. We used propensity score matching to obtain
nonsurgery control groups. Not only were there substantial
improvements in physical functioning and pain reduction
after receipt of these procedures in all years, but also we
documented improvements in health outcomes over time.
Largest improvements were for reductions in numbers of
Activity and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
limitations for knee procedures.},
Doi = {10.1155/2014/615784},
Key = {fds325274}
}
@misc{fds333202,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Shah, SP},
Title = {Smoking, Economics of},
Pages = {316-323},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Health Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780123756794},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375678-7.00313-8},
Abstract = {Why five decades since smoking's harms were first widely
publicized do 20% of US adults smoke? Theoretical frameworks
to explain smoking come in three forms: rational,
imperfectly rational, and irrational addiction. A reason
rational people smoke and others do not is preferences
differ, for example, smokers attribute less value to being
healthy. Persons believing they have low life expectancy or
underestimate the probability of adverse consequences may be
more likely to smoke. Although theoretical disputes remain,
there is some consensus, including: Raising price reduces
demand; demand falls with rising educational attainment;
smokers earn less; and smoking adversely affects health.
Public policies seek to reduce smoking and its negative
externalities with limited success.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-375678-7.00313-8},
Key = {fds333202}
}
@article{fds238630,
Author = {Sloan, FA and George, LK and Hu, L},
Title = {Longer term effects of total knee arthroplasty from a
national longitudinal study.},
Journal = {Journal of aging and health},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {982-997},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23872821},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This study used data for 1996-2010 from a
U.S. longitudinal sample of elderly individuals from the
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) merged with Medicare
claims data to assess changes in several dimensions of
physical functioning and general health up to 68 months
following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) receipt.<h4>Method</h4>Using
propensity score matching, we assessed outcomes at follow-up
for Medicare beneficiaries receiving TKA and a comparable
group of beneficiaries with the same osteoarthritis
diagnoses (controls).<h4>Results</h4>Receipt of TKA was most
often associated with improvements in physical functioning,
especially in physical functioning measures most directly
related to the knee. General health of TKA recipients only
improved relative to controls on 1 of the 3 study general
health measures.<h4>Discussion</h4>Improvements in physical
functioning of TKA recipients persisted in this longer term
analysis of outcome in a nationally representative
population study.},
Doi = {10.1177/0898264313494799},
Key = {fds238630}
}
@article{fds238629,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eldred, LM and Guo, T and Xu, Y},
Title = {Are People Overoptimistic about the Effects of Heavy
Drinking?},
Journal = {Journal of risk and uncertainty},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-127},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Abstract = {We test whether heavy or binge drinkers are overly
optimistic about probabilities of adverse consequences from
these activities or are relatively accurate about these
probabilities. Using data from a survey in eight cities, we
evaluate the relationship between subjective beliefs and
drinking. We assess accuracy of beliefs about several
outcomes of heavy/binge drinking: reduced longevity, liver
disease onset, link between alcohol consumption and Driving
While Intoxicated (DWI), probability of an accident after
drinking, accuracy of beliefs about encountering intoxicated
drivers on the road, and legal consequences of DWI-ranging
from being stopped to receiving fines and jail terms.
Overall, there is no empirical support for the optimism bias
hypothesis. We do find that persons consuming a lot of
alcohol tend to be more overconfident about their driving
abilities and ability to handle alcohol. However, such
overconfidence does not translate into over-optimism about
consequences of high levels of alcohol consumption.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-013-9172-x},
Key = {fds238629}
}
@article{fds238633,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM and Davis, DV},
Title = {Race, gender, and risk perceptions of the legal consequences
of drinking and driving.},
Journal = {Journal of safety research},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {117-125},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23708483},
Abstract = {<h4>Introduction</h4>This study investigated whether
subjective beliefs about the consequences of driving while
intoxicated (DWI) differ by race/gender.<h4>Method</h4>Beliefs
affect driving behaviors and views of police/judicial
fairness. The researchers compared risk perceptions of DWI
using a survey of drinkers in eight cities in four states
with actual arrest and conviction rates and fines from court
data in the same cities.<h4>Results</h4>With state arrest
data as a benchmark, Black males were overly pessimistic
about being stopped, whether or not actual drinking
occurred, and attributed higher jail penalties to DWI
conviction. That Black males overestimated jail sentences
incurred by the general population suggests that they did
not attribute higher jail penalties to racial bias. Arrest
data did not reveal disparities in judicial outcomes
following DWI arrest.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Blacks' subjective
beliefs about DWI consequences may reflect social
experiences, which are not jurisdiction- or crime-specific;
this is a challenge to policymakers aiming to deter DWI by
changing statutes and enforcement.<h4>Impact on
industry</h4>If perception of bias exists despite no actual
bias, a change in enforcement policy would not be effective,
but a public relations campaign would be helpful in
realigning beliefs.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jsr.2013.01.007},
Key = {fds238633}
}
@article{fds238637,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM and Davis, DV and Acquah, K and Zold-Kilbourn,
P},
Title = {Effects of admission and treatment strategies of DWI courts
on offender outcomes.},
Journal = {Accident; analysis and prevention},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {112-120},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23416679},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>The purpose of this study is to classify DWI
courts on the basis of the mix of difficult cases
participating in the court (casemix severity) and the amount
of involvement between the court and participant (service
intensity). Using our classification typology, we assessed
how casemix severity and service intensity are associated
with program outcomes. We expected that holding other
factors constant, greater service intensity would improve
program outcomes while a relatively severe casemix would
result in worse program outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>The study
used data from 8 DWI courts, 7 from Michigan and 1 from
North Carolina. Using a 2-way classification system based on
court casemix severity and program intensity, we selected
participants in 1 of the courts, and alternatively 2 courts
as reference groups. Reference group courts had relatively
severe casemixes and high service intensity. We used
propensity score matching to match participants in the other
courts to participants in the reference group court
programs. Program outcome measures were the probabilities of
participants': failing to complete the court's program;
increasing educational attainment; participants improving
employment from time of program enrollment; and
re-arrest.<h4>Results</h4>For most outcomes, our main
finding was that higher service intensity is associated with
better outcomes for court participants, as anticipated, but
a court's casemix severity was unrelated to study
outcomes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our results imply that devoting
more resources to increasing duration of treatment is
productive in terms of better outcomes, irrespective of the
mix of participants in the court's program.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.033},
Key = {fds238637}
}
@article{fds238728,
Author = {Stein, JD and Hanrahan, BW and Comer, GM and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Diffusion of technologies for the care of older adults with
exudative age-related macular degeneration.},
Journal = {American journal of ophthalmology},
Volume = {155},
Number = {4},
Pages = {688-696.e2},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-9394},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2012.10.003},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To determine patterns of diffusion of
diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions in the United
States through 2010 for patients with newly diagnosed
exudative macular degeneration (AMD).<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective
longitudinal cohort analysis.<h4>Methods</h4>SETTING AND
PATIENT POPULATION: A total of 23 941 Medicare beneficiaries
with exudative AMD newly diagnosed during
1992-2009.<h4>Observation procedures</h4>Current Procedural
Technology (CPT-4) billing codes were used to identify use
of diagnostic tests (optical coherence tomography,
fluorescein angiography, and fundus photography) and
therapeutic interventions (argon laser photocoagulation,
photodynamic therapy, intravitreal corticosteroids, and
anti-vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] agents) used
by these beneficiaries during the first year following
diagnosis.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Rates of use of
study diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.<h4>Results</h4>Diffusion
was rapid for each successive new diagnostic and treatment
modality, with use of newer procedures quickly replacing
existing ones. The number of beneficiaries treated with
anti-VEGF agents for exudative AMD was considerably greater
than for prior innovations, rising from use in 4.0% of
beneficiaries in 2004-05 to 62.7% in 2009-10. In each year
from first diagnosis years 2006-2009 and in different
practice settings, use of bevacizumab exceeded that of
ranibizumab (60%-78% vs 33%-47%, respectively). Rates of
diffusion of the various therapies were relatively similar
in communities throughout the United States irrespective of
presence of a major teaching hospital in the
vicinity.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Newer, more effective
therapeutic interventions for exudative AMD diffused rapidly
throughout the United States, quickly replacing older, less
effective interventions. Although improving patient
outcomes, rapid diffusion raises important public policy
issues for Medicare and other payers to consider.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2012.10.003},
Key = {fds238728}
}
@article{fds238631,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gifford, EJ and Eldred, LM and Acquah, KF and Blevins,
CE},
Title = {Do specialty courts achieve better outcomes for children in
foster care than general courts?},
Journal = {Evaluation review},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-34},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0193-841X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x13487536},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This study assessed the effects of unified
family and drug treatment courts (DTCs) on the resolution of
cases involving foster care children and the resulting
effects on school performance.<h4>Method</h4>The first
analytic step was to assess the impacts of presence of
unified and DTCs in North Carolina counties on time children
spent in foster care and the type of placement at exit from
foster care. In the second step, the same data on foster
care placements were merged with school records for youth in
Grades 3-8 in public schools. The effect of children's time
in foster care and placement outcomes on school performance
as measured by math and reading tests, grade retention, and
attendance was assessed using child fixed-effects
regression.<h4>Results</h4>Children in counties with unified
family courts experienced shorter foster care spells and
higher rates of reunification with parents or primary
caregivers. Shorter foster care spells translated into
improved school performance measured by end-of-grade reading
and math test scores. Adult DTCs were associated with lower
probability of reunification with parents/primary
caregivers.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The shortened time in foster
care implies an efficiency gain attributable to unified
family courts, which translate into savings for the court
system through the use of fewer resources. Children also
benefit through shortened stays in temporary placements,
which are related to some improved educational
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1177/0193841x13487536},
Key = {fds238631}
}
@article{fds238636,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Platt, AC and Chepke, LM and Blevins,
CE},
Title = {Deterring domestic violence: Do criminal sanctions reduce
repeat offenses?},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-80},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000314282200003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This study presents an empirical analysis of domestic
violence case resolution in North Carolina for the years
2004 to 2010. The key hypothesis is that penalties at the
level set for domestic violence crimes reduce recidivism
(re-arrest on domestic violence charges or conviction in 2
years following an index arrest). We use state court data
for all domestic violence-related arrests. Decisions to
commit an act of domestic violence are based on a Bayesian
process of updating subjective beliefs. Individuals have
prior beliefs about penalties for domestic violence based on
actual practice in their areas. An individual's experience
with an index arrest leads to belief updating. To address
endogeneity of case outcomes, we use an instrumental
variables strategy based on decisions of prosecutors and
judges assigned to each index arrest in our sample. Contrary
to our hypothesis, we find that penalities, at least as set
at the current levels, do not deter future arrests and
convictions. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-012-9159-z},
Key = {fds238636}
}
@article{fds238727,
Author = {Sloan, FA and George, LK and Hu, L},
Title = {Emergency room and inpatient use after cardiac pacemaker
implantation.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {111},
Number = {4},
Pages = {563-568},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23211359},
Abstract = {Although studies have demonstrated health benefits, there is
limited evidence on utilization and cost changes associated
with cardiac pacemaker implantation from national community
samples. The aim of this study was to quantify changes in
emergency room (ER) and hospital inpatient use and in
Medicare payments per beneficiary/year after pacemaker
implantation. Outcomes for pacemaker recipients after and
before implantation and between pacemaker recipients and
controls were compared using propensity score matching. Data
came from Health and Retirement Study interviews merged with
Medicare claims. Sample subjects were aged ≥68 years with
diagnosed conduction disorders or cardiac dysrhythmias in
the previous 3 years. Outcome measures were (1) ER visits,
inpatient admissions and days, and Medicare payments for ER
and inpatient care in the after period for the pacemaker
versus control groups, defined per beneficiary/year, (2)
difference in differences in the same 5 outcome variables,
and (3) binary variables for whether or not utilization or
payments were lower in the after versus before periods for
the pacemaker versus control groups. In conclusion, most
pacemaker recipients improved, as measured by reductions in
use and payments in the after versus before period, and
there were reductions in ER visits and hospital admissions
for conditions commonly leading to pacemaker
implantation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.10.043},
Key = {fds238727}
}
@book{fds323217,
Author = {Edmunds, M and Sloan, FA and Steinwald, AB},
Title = {Geographic adjustment in medicare payment: Phase II:
Implications for access, quality, and efficiency},
Pages = {1-216},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780309257985},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/13420},
Abstract = {Medicare, the world's single largest health insurance
program, covers more than 47 million Americans. Although it
is a national program, it adjusts payments to hospitals and
health care practitioners according to the geographic
location in which they provide service, acknowledging that
the cost of doing business varies around the country. Under
the adjustment systems, payments in high-cost areas are
increased relative to the national average, and payments in
low-cost areas are reduced. In July 2010, the Department of
Health and Human Services, which oversees Medicare,
commissioned the IOM to conduct a two-part study to
recommend corrections of inaccuracies and inequities in
geographic adjustments to Medicare payments. The first
report examined the data sources and methods used to adjust
payments, and recommended a number of changes. Geographic
Adjustment in Medicare Payment - Phase II:Implications for
Access, Quality, and Efficiency applies the first report's
recommendations in order to determine their potential effect
on Medicare payments to hospitals and clinical
practitioners. This report also offers recommendations to
improve access to efficient and appropriate levels of care.
Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment - Phase
II:Implications for Access, Quality, and Efficiency
expresses the importance of ensuring the availability of a
sufficient health care workforce to serve all beneficiaries,
regardless of where they live.},
Doi = {10.17226/13420},
Key = {fds323217}
}
@misc{fds238811,
Author = {Ou, Y and Grossman, DS and Lee, PP and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Glaucoma, Alzheimer disease and other dementia: a
longitudinal analysis.},
Journal = {Ophthalmic Epidemiol},
Volume = {19},
Number = {5},
Pages = {285-292},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22978529},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To evaluate the risk of developing Alzheimer
disease (AD) or other dementia in patients diagnosed with
open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in a nationally representative
longitudinal sample of elderly persons. METHODS: This
retrospective cohort study (January 1, 1994-December 31,
2007) used Medicare 5% claims data. We identified
beneficiaries aged 68+ years who had at least two claims
with diagnoses of OAG and no Alzheimer or other dementia in
1994, using a 3-year look-back period between 1991 and 1993
(n = 63,235) and beneficiaries matched on age, sex,
race, and Charlson index without a diagnosis of OAG
throughout the observational period (n = 63,235), using
propensity score matching. Using a Cox Proportional Hazards
model, we analyzed time to AD diagnosis and time to AD or
other dementia diagnosis. RESULTS: Elderly individuals
diagnosed with OAG did not have an increased rate of AD and
other dementia diagnosis compared to those without OAG
during a 14-year follow-up period, even after controlling
for relevant covariates present at baseline. CONCLUSIONS:
Individuals aged 68+ years diagnosed with OAG have a
decreased rate of AD or other dementia diagnosis compared to
control patients without an OAG diagnosis. Although OAG and
AD are both age-related neurodegenerative diseases, our
findings do not support a positive association.},
Doi = {10.3109/09286586.2011.649228},
Key = {fds238811}
}
@misc{fds238612,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {The Economics of Vaccines},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of the
Biopharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199742998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742998.013.0017},
Abstract = {This article discusses preventive vaccines, focusing on
features that differentiate these vaccines from other
biopharmaceuticals. The external costs of infectious
diseases imply external benefits from effective vaccines,
and this has motivated public mandates, purchasing, and
subsidies to demand for vaccines in most countries and
government subsidies to supply for particular products, such
as Project Bioshield in the United States. The article
reviews these issues and then discusses factors that have
contributed to the existence of few or sole suppliers of
individual vaccines in the United States and possible policy
responses.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742998.013.0017},
Key = {fds238612}
}
@misc{fds238813,
Author = {Day, S and Acquah, K and Platt, A and Lee, PP and Mruthyunjaya, P and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Association of vitamin D deficiency and age-related macular
degeneration in medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {130},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1070-1071},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22893083},
Doi = {10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.439},
Key = {fds238813}
}
@misc{fds238812,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Acquah, KF and Lee, PP and Sangvai,
DG},
Title = {Despite 'welcome to Medicare' benefit, one in eight
enrollees delay first use of part B services for at least
two years.},
Journal = {Health Aff (Millwood)},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1260-1268},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22665838},
Abstract = {Much research has focused on the possible overuse of health
care services within Medicare, but there is also substantial
evidence of underuse. In recent years, Congress has added a
"welcome to Medicare" physician visit and a number of
preventive services with no cost sharing to the Medicare
benefit package to encourage early and appropriate use of
services. We examined national longitudinal data on first
claims for Part B services-the portion of Medicare that
covers physician visits-to learn how people used these
benefits. We found that 12 percent of people, or about one
in eight, who enrolled in Medicare at age sixty-five waited
more than two years before making their first use of care
covered by Part B. In part, this delay reflected patterns of
use before enrollment, in that people who sought preventive
care before turning sixty-five continued to do so after
enrolling in Medicare. Enrollees with Medigap coverage,
higher household wealth, and a higher level of education
typically received care under Part B sooner than others,
whereas having greater tolerance for risk was more likely to
lead enrollees to delay use of Part B services. Men had a
lower probability of using Part B services early than women;
blacks and members of other minority groups were less likely
to use services early than whites. Although the "welcome to
Medicare" checkup does not appear to have had a positive
effect on use of services soon after enrollment, the
percentage of beneficiaries receiving Part B services in the
first two years after enrollment has steadily increased over
time. Whether or not delays in receipt of care should be a
considerable public policy concern may depend on what
factors are leading specific categories of enrollees to
delay care and how such delays affect health.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0479},
Key = {fds238812}
}
@book{fds325275,
Author = {Edmunds, M and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Geographic adjustment in medicare payment: Phase I:
Improving accuracy: Second edition},
Pages = {1-206},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780309211451},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/13138},
Abstract = {Medicare is the largest health insurer in the United States,
providing coverage for 39 million people aged 65 and older
and 8 million people with disabilities, and reaching more
than an estimated $500 billion in payments in 2010. Although
Medicare is a national program, it adjusts fee-for-service
payments according to the geographic location of a practice.
While there is widespread agreement about the importance of
providing accurate payments to providers, there is
disagreement about how best to adjust payment based on
geographic location. At the request of Congress and the
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Institute
of Medicine (IOM) examined ways to improve the accuracy of
data sources and methods used for making the geographic
adjustments to payments. The IOM recommends an integrated
approach that includes moving to a single source of wage and
benefits data; changing to one set of payment areas; and
expanding the range of occupations included in the index
calculations. The first of two reports, Geographic
Adjustment in Medicare Payment: Phase I: Improving Accuracy,
assesses existing practices in regards to accuracy, criteria
consistency, evidence for adjustment, sound rationale,
transparency, and separate policy adjustments to reform the
current payment system. Adopting the recommendations
outlined in this report will mean a change in the way that
the indexes are calculated, and will require a combination
of legislative, rule-making, and administrative actions, as
well as a period of public comment. Geographic Adjustment in
Medicare Payment will inform the work of government agencies
such as HHS, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services,
congressional members and staff, the health care industry,
national professional organizations and state medical and
nursing societies, and Medicare advocacy
groups.},
Doi = {10.17226/13138},
Key = {fds325275}
}
@book{fds325276,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, C-R},
Title = {Student Solutions Manual to Accompany Health
Economics},
Volume = {1},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISBN = {0-262-51790-6},
Abstract = {Health Economics combines economic concepts with empirical
evidence to enhance students’ economic understanding of
how health care institutions and markets function. It views
the subject in both microeconomic and macroeconomic terms,
moving from the individual and firm level to the market
level to a macroeconomic view of the role of health and
health care within the economy as a whole. This student
solutions manual for Health Economics provides answers to
the odd-numbered exercises.},
Key = {fds325276}
}
@misc{fds325937,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Health Economics},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780262016766},
Abstract = {This book introduces students to the growing research field
of health economics. Rather than offer details about health
systems around the world without providing a theoretical
context, Health Economics combines economic concepts with
empirical evidence to enhance readers’ economic
understanding of how health care institutions and markets
function. It views the subject in both microeconomic and
macroeconomic terms, moving from the individual and firm
level to the market level to a macroeconomic view of the
role of health and health care within the economy as a
whole. The book includes discussion of recent empirical
evidence on the U.S. health system and can be used for an
undergraduate course on U.S. health economics. It also
contains sufficient material for an undergraduate or masters
course on global health economics, or for a course on health
economics aimed at health professionals. It includes a
chapter on nurses as well as a chapter on the economics of
hospitals and pharmaceuticals, which can be used in
master’s courses for students in these fields. It
supplements its analysis with readings (both classic and
current), extensive references, links to Web sites on policy
developments and public programs, review and discussion
questions, and exercises. Downloadable supplementary
material for instructors, including solutions to the
exercise sets, sample syllabuses, and more than 600 slides
that can be used for class presentations, is available at
http://mitpress.mit.edu/health_economics. A student
solutions manual with answers to the odd-numbered exercises
is also available.},
Key = {fds325937}
}
@misc{fds205302,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and S. Shah},
Title = {The Economics of Smoking},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Health Economics},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds205302}
}
@misc{fds238810,
Author = {Chi, SL and Acquah, KF and Richard, MJ and Lee, PP and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Longitudinal evidence on punctal plug use in an elderly
population.},
Journal = {Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {289-293},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22785587},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether
changes in Medicare reimbursement for punctal plug insertion
were associated with a decrease in the incidence of
insertion and dry eye diagnosis. METHODS: Incident cases of
dry eye syndrome (DES) diagnoses and punctal plug insertions
among Medicare beneficiaries were identified from Medicare
5% Part B from 1994 to 2008, using a 3-year look-back. Dry
eye syndrome diagnoses and punctal plug insertion codes were
ascertained from the international classification of
diseases and current procedural terminology codes. Medicare
payment data were obtained from the Centers for Medicare and
Medicaid Services from 1994 to 2008 for punctal plug
insertion. Rates were calculated for both the incidence of
DES and the use of punctal plugs. RESULTS: From 2001 to
2008, inflation-adjusted Medicare reimbursement for punctal
plug insertion decreased 55.1%, whereas the Medicare
population-adjusted incidence of dry eye diagnosis increased
23.3%. Nine percent of individuals diagnosed with DES
between 1991 and 2008 underwent punctal plug placement with
a mean of 2.0 plugs placed per patient. Total punctal plug
placement increased 322.2% between 1994 and 2003, and then
reached a plateau. First-time punctal plug insertion rates
within 365 days of DES diagnosis increased 111.8% from 1994
to 2002, and then declined 47.0% from 2002 to 2008.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the frequency of DES diagnosis in the
Medicare population has increased over time, first-time
punctal plug insertion rates, especially within the first
year following DES diagnosis, have declined coincidently
with the increasing presence of a medical alternative and
declining Medicare payment. Choice of therapies may have
cost and care implications.},
Doi = {10.1097/IOP.0b013e31825ca599},
Key = {fds238810}
}
@misc{fds238832,
Author = {Day, S and Acquah, K and Lee, PP and Mruthyunjaya, P and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Medicare costs for neovascular age-related macular
degeneration, 1994-2007.},
Journal = {Am J Ophthalmol},
Volume = {152},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1014-1020},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21843875},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To assess changes in Medicare payments for
neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) since
introduction of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) therapies. DESIGN: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort
study. METHODS: Using the Medicare 5% sample, beneficiaries
with new diagnoses of neovascular AMD in 1994 (N = 2497),
2000 (N = 3927), and 2006 (N = 6041) were identified using
International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM). The
total first-year health care and eye care costs were
calculated for each beneficiary. Propensity score matching
was used to match individuals in the 2000 and 2006 cohorts
with the 1994 cohort on age, sex, race, Charlson Comorbidity
Index, and low vision/blindness. RESULTS: The number of
beneficiaries newly diagnosed with neovascular AMD more than
doubled between the 1994 and 2006 cohorts. Overall yearly
Part B payments per beneficiary increased significantly from
$3567 for the 1994 to $5991 for the 2006 cohort (P < .01) in
constant 2008 dollars. Payments for eye care alone doubled
from $1504 for the 1994 cohort to $3263 for the 2006 cohort
(P < .01). Most of the increase in payments for eye care in
2006 reflected payments for anti-VEGF injections, which were
$1609 over 1 year. Mean annual numbers of visits and imaging
studies also increased significantly between the 1994 and
2006 cohort. Results were similar in the matched sample.
CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of anti-VEGF intravitreal
injections has offered remarkable clinical benefits for
patients with neovascular AMD, but these benefits have come
at the cost of an increased financial burden of providing
care for these patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2011.05.008},
Key = {fds238832}
}
@article{fds238831,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Grossman, DS},
Title = {Alcohol consumption in early adulthood and schooling
completed and labor market outcomes at midlife by race and
gender.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {101},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2093-2101},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21330591},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>We assessed the relation of alcohol
consumption in young adulthood to problem alcohol
consumption 10 years later and to educational attainment and
labor market outcomes at midlife. We considered whether
these relations differ between Blacks and
Whites.<h4>Methods</h4>We classified individuals on the
basis of their drinking frequency patterns with data from
the 1982 to 1984 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979
(respondents aged 19-27 years). We assessed alcohol
consumption from the 1991 reinterview (respondents aged
26-34 years) and midlife outcomes from the 2006 reinterview
(respondents aged 41-49 years).<h4>Results</h4>Black men who
consumed 12 or more drinks per week at baseline had lower
earnings at midlife, but no corresponding relation for Black
women or Whites was found. Black men and Black women who
consumed 12 or more drinks per week at baseline had lower
occupational attainment than did White male non-drinkers and
White female non-drinkers, respectively, but this result was
not statistically significant.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The
relation between alcohol consumption in young adulthood and
important outcomes at midlife differed between Blacks and
Whites and between Black men and Black women, although
Blacks' alcohol consumption at baseline was lower on average
than was that of Whites.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2010.194159},
Key = {fds238831}
}
@misc{fds238809,
Author = {Stein, JD and Grossman, DS and Mundy, KM and Sugar, A and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Severe adverse events after cataract surgery among medicare
beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {118},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1716-1723},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.02.024},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To determine rates and risk factors
associated with severe postoperative complications after
cataract surgery and whether they have been changing over
the past decade.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective longitudinal
cohort study.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 221 594
Medicare beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery during
1994-2006.<h4>Methods</h4>Beneficiaries were stratified into
3 cohorts: those who underwent initial cataract surgery
during 1994-1995, 1999-2000, or 2005-2006. One-year rates of
postoperative severe adverse events (endophthalmitis,
suprachoroidal hemorrhage, retinal detachment) were
determined for each cohort. Cox regression analyses
determined the hazard of developing severe adverse events
for each cohort with adjustment for demographic factors,
ocular and medical conditions, and surgeon case-mix.<h4>Main
outcome measures</h4>Time period rates of development of
severe postoperative adverse events.<h4>Results</h4>Among
the 221 594 individuals who underwent cataract surgery, 0.5%
(1086) had at least 1 severe postoperative complication.
After adjustment for confounders, individuals who underwent
cataract surgery during 1994-1995 had a 21% increased hazard
of being diagnosed with a severe postoperative complication
(hazard ratio [HR] 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.05-1.41) relative to individuals who underwent cataract
surgery during 2005-2006. Those who underwent cataract
surgery during 1999-2000 had a 20% increased hazard of
experiencing a severe complication (HR 1.20; 95% CI,
1.04-1.39) relative to the 2005-2006 cohort. Risk factors
associated with severe adverse events include a prior
diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (HR 1.62;
95% CI, 1.07-2.45) and cataract surgery combined with
another intraocular surgical procedure on the same day (HR
2.51; 95% CI, 2.07-3.04). Individuals receiving surgery by
surgeons with the case-mix least prone to developing a
severe adverse event (HR 0.52; 95% CI, 0.44-0.62) had a 48%
reduced hazard of a severe adverse event relative to
recipients of cataract surgery performed by surgeons with
the case-mix most prone to developing such
outcomes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Rates of sight-threatening
adverse events after cataract surgery declined during
1994-2006. Future efforts should be directed to identifying
ways to reduce severe adverse events in high-risk
groups.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.02.024},
Key = {fds238809}
}
@misc{fds238830,
Author = {Day, S and Acquah, K and Mruthyunjaya, P and Grossman, DS and Lee, PP and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Ocular complications after anti-vascular endothelial growth
factor therapy in Medicare patients with age-related macular
degeneration.},
Journal = {Am J Ophthalmol},
Volume = {152},
Number = {2},
Pages = {266-272},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21664593},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To determine longitudinal rates of ocular
complications after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) treatment for neovascular age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) in a nationally representative
longitudinal sample. DESIGN: Retrospective, longitudinal
case-control study. METHODS: Using the Medicare 5% claims
database, diagnoses of neovascular AMD and anti-VEGF
injections of ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or pegaptanib were
identified from International Classification of Diseases and
Current Procedural Terminology procedure codes. Six thousand
one hundred fifty-four individuals undergoing anti-VEGF
treatment for neovascular AMD (total of 40 903 injections)
were compared with 6154 matched controls with neovascular
AMD who did not undergo anti-VEGF treatment. Propensity
score matching was used to match individuals receiving
anti-VEGF injections with controls. Rates of postinjection
adverse outcomes (endophthalmitis, rhegmatogenous retinal
detachment, retinal tear, uveitis, and vitreous hemorrhage)
were analyzed by cumulative incidence and Cox proportional
hazards model to control for demographic factors and ocular
comorbidities. RESULTS: At the 2-year follow-up, the rates
of endophthalmitis per injection (0.09%; P<.01), uveitis
(0.11%; P<.01), and vitreous hemorrhage per injection
(0.23%; P < .01) were significantly higher in the anti-VEGF
treatment group. With Cox proportional hazards modeling, the
anti-VEGF treatment group had a 102% higher risk of severe
ocular complications overall and a 4% increased risk per
injection, both of which were statistically significant
(P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Rates of endophthalmitis, uveitis, and
vitreous hemorrhage were higher in the group treated with
anti-VEGF injection than in the control group, although
these nevertheless were rare in both groups. The overall
risk of severe ocular complications was significantly higher
in the anti-VEGF treatment group.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2011.01.053},
Key = {fds238830}
}
@article{fds238829,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Costanzo, PR and Belsky, D and Holmberg, E and Malone, PS and Wang, Y and Kertesz, S},
Title = {Heavy drinking in early adulthood and outcomes at mid
life.},
Journal = {Journal of epidemiology and community health},
Volume = {65},
Number = {7},
Pages = {600-605},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713371},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Heavy drinking in early adulthood among
Blacks, but not Whites, has been found to be associated with
more deleterious health outcomes, lower labor market success
and lower educational attainment at mid-life. This study
analysed psychosocial pathways underlying racial differences
in the impact of early heavy alcohol use on occupational and
educational attainment at mid-life.<h4>Methods</h4>Outcomes
in labor market participation, occupational prestige and
educational attainment were measured in early and
mid-adulthood. A mixture model was used to identify
psychosocial classes that explain how race-specific
differences in the relationship between drinking in early
adulthood and occupational outcomes in mid-life operate.
Data came from Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young
Adults, a longitudinal epidemiologic study.<h4>Results</h4>Especially
for Blacks, heavy drinking in early adulthood was associated
with a lower probability of being employed in mid-life.
Among employed persons, there was a link between heavy
drinking for both Whites and Blacks and decreased
occupational attainment at mid-life. We grouped individuals
into three distinct distress classes based on external
stressors and indicators of internally generated stress.
Blacks were more likely to belong to the higher distressed
classes as were heavy drinkers in early adulthood.
Stratifying the data by distress class, relationships
between heavy drinking, race and heavy drinking-race
interactions were overall weaker than in the pooled
analysis.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Disproportionate
intensification of life stresses in Blacks renders them more
vulnerable to long-term effects of heavy
drinking.},
Doi = {10.1136/jech.2009.102228},
Key = {fds238829}
}
@article{fds238725,
Author = {Sloan, F and Grossman, D and Platt, A},
Title = {Heavy episodic drinking in early adulthood and outcomes in
midlife.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {459-470},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1937-1888},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2011.72.459},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This study assessed to what extent
drinking patterns of young adults persist into midlife and
whether frequent heavy episodic drinking as a young adult is
associated with educational attainment, labor market, and
health outcomes at midlife.<h4>Method</h4>Using the National
Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, we grouped individuals
into three baseline drinking categories using data on the
number of occasions they consumed six or more drinks on one
occasion from the 1982-1984 surveys. Categories were
frequent heavy episodic drinker, occasional heavy episodic
drinker, and other drinker/abstainer. We used propensity
score matching to compare baseline drinking groups on
midlife alcohol consumption, educational attainment, and
labor market and health outcomes.<h4>Results</h4>Frequent
heavy episodic drinkers substantially reduced alcohol
consumption between baseline and follow-up 25 years later.
However, they were much more likely to abuse alcohol and be
alcohol dependent in 1994 and be heavy episodic drinkers at
the 25-year follow-up compared with the other drinking
groups. After matching, there was little indication that
being in a higher consumption baseline alcohol group was
adversely associated with years of schooling completed by
middle age, the probability of being employed, earnings
conditional on being employed in midlife, and health
problems in midlife. Results on the probability of surviving
to follow-up were mixed.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Frequent heavy
episodic drinking at ages 17-25 years was associated with
higher rates of alcohol dependence and abuse at a 10-year
follow-up and alcohol consumption 25 years following
baseline but not with other study outcomes at midlife. Lack
of differences in outcomes at midlife may be because of
decreased heavy episodic drinking among the heaviest
baseline drinkers.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsad.2011.72.459},
Key = {fds238725}
}
@article{fds238828,
Author = {Lee, MS and Grossman, D and Arnold, AC and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Incidence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic
neuropathy: increased risk among diabetic
patients.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {118},
Number = {5},
Pages = {959-963},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.01.054},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>Previous studies have identified a higher
prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among patient cohorts
with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
(NAION). We sought to determine the development of incident
NAION among a group of newly diagnosed patients with DM and
to estimate the incidence of NAION among the
elderly.<h4>Design</h4>Medicare 5% database
study.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 25 515 patients with
DM and an equal number of age- and gender-matched
nondiabetic patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Query of Medicare 5%
claims files identified patients with a new diagnosis of DM
in 1994. A randomly selected control group was created using
1-to-1 propensity score matching. Patients with a diagnosis
of giant cell arteritis, preexisting DM, and age 68 years or
older or >95 years were excluded. Patients with DM and
controls were followed for the development of NAION over the
following 4745 days.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Incidence
of NAION among patients with and without
DM.<h4>Results</h4>In each group, 85% were white, 11% were
black, and 4% were other race. Patients were aged 76.4
years, and 40% were male. Mean follow-up was 7.6 years. In
the diabetes group, 188 individuals developed NAION (0.7%)
compared with 131 individuals (0.5%; P < 0.01) in the
control group. In unadjusted Cox regression analysis, having
DM was associated with a 43% increased risk (hazard ratio
[HR]: 1.431; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.145-1.789) of
developing NAION. After adjusting for other covariates, the
risk of developing NAION among individuals with DM was
reduced to 40% (HR 1.397; 95% CI, 1.115-1.750). Male gender
increased an individual's risk of developing NAION by 32%
(HR 1.319; 95% CI, 1.052-1.654). No other covariate was
statistically significantly associated with developing
NAION. The annual incidence of NAION was 82 per 100 000
persons.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Diabetes mellitus significantly
increased the risk of the diagnosis NAION. The incidence of
NAION among patients aged more than 67 years may be higher
than previously reported.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.01.054},
Key = {fds238828}
}
@article{fds238723,
Author = {Sloan, F and Platt, A},
Title = {Information, risk perceptions, and smoking choices of
youth},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {161-193},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-010-9111-z},
Abstract = {Conventional wisdom maintains that youths take risks because
they underestimate probabilities of harm. Presumably if they
knew the true probabilities, they would behave differently.
We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to
assess whether differences between subjective and objective
probabilities that an adverse outcome to self will occur are
systematically related to a harmful behavior, initiating
smoking. We find that youths are generally pessimistic about
probabilities of their own deaths and being violent crime
victims. After smoking initiation, youths increase
subjective probabilities of death by more than the objective
increase in mortality risk, implying recognition of
potential harms. Virtually all 12-14 year-olds know that
smoking causes heart disease. The minority who believe that
smoking causes AIDS are less likely to become smokers; i.
e., risk misperceptions deter rather than cause smoking
initiation. Messages designed to deter smoking initiation
should stress other disadvantages of smoking than just
probabilities of harm. © 2011 Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-010-9111-z},
Key = {fds238723}
}
@article{fds285785,
Author = {Day, S and Grossman, DS and Mruthyunjaya, P and Lee, PP and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Reply},
Journal = {American Journal of Ophthalmology},
Volume = {151},
Number = {4},
Pages = {734-735},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-9394},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2010.11.033},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2010.11.033},
Key = {fds285785}
}
@article{fds238724,
Author = {Ayyagari, P and Grossman, D and Sloan, F},
Title = {Education and health: evidence on adults with
diabetes.},
Journal = {International journal of health care finance and
economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {35-54},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1389-6563},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-010-9087-x},
Abstract = {Although the education-health relationship is well
documented, pathways through which education influences
health are not well understood. This study uses data from a
2003-2004 cross sectional supplemental survey of respondents
to the longitudinal Health and Retirement Study (HRS) who
had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus to assess effects
of education on health and mechanisms underlying the
relationship. The supplemental survey provides rich detail
on use of personal health care services (e.g., adherence to
guidelines for diabetes care) and personal attributes which
are plausibly largely time invariant and systematically
related to years of schooling completed, including time
preference, self-control, and self-confidence. Educational
attainment, as measured by years of schooling completed, is
systematically and positively related to time to onset of
diabetes, and conditional on having been diagnosed with this
disease on health outcomes, variables related to efficiency
in health production, as well as use of diabetes
specialists. However, the marginal effects of increasing
educational attainment by a year are uniformly small.
Accounting for other factors, including child health and
child socioeconomic status which could affect years of
schooling completed and adult health, adult cognition,
income, and health insurance, and personal attributes from
the supplemental survey, marginal effects of educational
attainment tend to be lower than when these other factors
are not included in the analysis, but they tend to remain
statistically significant at conventional
levels.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10754-010-9087-x},
Key = {fds238724}
}
@article{fds315390,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, L},
Title = {Litigation, Settlement, and the Public Welfare: Lessons from
the Master Settlement Agreement},
Journal = {Widener Law Review},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-226},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1933-5555},
Key = {fds315390}
}
@article{fds238722,
Author = {Picone, G and MacDougald, J and Sloan, F and Platt, A and Kertesz,
S},
Title = {The effects of residential proximity to bars on alcohol
consumption.},
Journal = {International journal of health care finance and
economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {347-367},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1389-6563},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-010-9084-0},
Abstract = {A person's decision to drink alcohol is potentially
influenced by both price and availability of alcohol in the
local area. This study uses longitudinal data from 1985 to
2001 to empirically assess the impact of distance from place
of residence to bars on alcohol consumption in four large
U.S. cities from 1985 to 2001. Density of bars within 0.5 km
of a person's residence is associated with small increases
in alcohol consumption as measured by: daily alcohol
consumption (ml) drinks per week, and weekly consumption of
beer, wine, and liquor. When person-specific fixed effects
are included, the relationship between alcohol consumption
and the number of bars within a 0.5 km radius of the
person's place of residence disappears. Tests for
endogeneity of the number of bars within the immediate
vicinity of respondents' homes fail to reject the null
hypothesis that the number of bars is exogenous. We conclude
that bar density in the area surrounding the individuals'
homes has at most a very small positive effect on alcohol
consumption.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10754-010-9084-0},
Key = {fds238722}
}
@misc{fds238826,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Feinglos, MN and Grossman, DS},
Title = {Receipt of care and reduction of lower extremity amputations
in a nationally representative sample of U.S.
Elderly.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {45},
Number = {6 Pt 1},
Pages = {1740-1762},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000284065300010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine effectiveness of receipt of
care from podiatrist and lower extremity clinician
specialists (LEC specialists) on diabetes mellitus
(DM)-related lower extremity amputation.<h4>Data
sources</h4>Medicare 5 percent sample claims,
1991-2007.<h4>Study design</h4>Individuals with DM-related
lower extremity complications (LECs) were followed 6 years.
Visits with podiatrists, LEC specialists, and other health
professionals were tracked to ascertain whether receipt of
such care reduced the hazards of an LEC amputation.<h4>Data
collection</h4>Individuals were stratified based on disease
severity, Stage 1--neuropathy, paresthesia, pain in feet,
diabetic amyotrophy; Stage 2--cellulitis, charcot foot;
Stage 3--ulcer; Stage 4--osteomyelitis, gangrene.<h4>Principal
findings</h4>Half the LEC sample died within 6 years. More
severe lower extremity disease increased risk of death and
amputation. Persons visiting a podiatrist and an LEC
specialist within a year before developing all stage
complications were between 31 percent (ulceration) and 77
percent (cellulitis and charcot foot) as likely to undergo
amputation compared with individuals visiting other health
professionals.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Individuals with an LEC
had high mortality. Visiting both a podiatrist and an LEC
specialist in the year before LEC diagnosis was protective
of undergoing lower extremity amputation, suggesting a
benefit from multidisciplinary care.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2010.01157.x},
Key = {fds238826}
}
@misc{fds238825,
Author = {Lee, MS and Harrison, AR and Grossman, DS and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Risk of glaucoma among patients with benign essential
blepharospasm.},
Journal = {Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery},
Volume = {26},
Number = {6},
Pages = {434-437},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0740-9303},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e3181d3da43},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>Debate exists whether intraocular pressure
fluctuation is a risk factor for glaucoma. Patients with
benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) experience
intermittent, ultra-short-term intraocular pressure
elevations from frequent blinking and spastic eyelid
closure. This article explores the development of incident
glaucoma after BEB diagnosis.<h4>Methods</h4>Medicare claims
files were used to identify patients with a diagnosis of BEB
from 1994 to 2000. An equal-sized control group consisting
of patients without BEB was created using one-to-one
propensity score matching. The patients with BEB and those
in the control group were followed for the development of
one of the following main outcome measures: primary open
angle glaucoma (POAG), closed angle glaucoma (CAG), or other
glaucoma (besides POAG and CAG) over the following 2,190
days.<h4>Results</h4>There were 1,350 persons in each group,
consisting of 29% men, 94% of whom were white, with a mean
age of 76 years. In the unadjusted model, BEB patients did
not develop POAG (hazard ratio [HR], 1.159; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.876-1.534), CAG (HR, 1.477; 95% CI,
0.711-3.066), or other glaucoma (HR, 1.306; 95% CI,
0.904-1.886) more often than controls. Adjusting for age,
gender, race, number of visits to the ophthalmologist, and
other eye disease, a diagnosis of BEB did not affect the
risk of POAG (HR, 1.152; 95% CI, 0.870-1.525), CAG (HR,
1.448; 95% CI, 0.696-3.015), or other glaucoma (HR, 1.296;
95% CI, 0.896-1.873).<h4>Conclusions</h4>BEB is not a risk
indicator for POAG, CAG, or other forms of
glaucoma.},
Doi = {10.1097/iop.0b013e3181d3da43},
Key = {fds238825}
}
@article{fds304440,
Author = {Day, S and Grossman, DS and Mruthyunjaya, P and Sloan, FA and Lee,
PP},
Title = {One-year outcomes after retinal detachment surgery among
medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Am J Ophthalmol},
Volume = {150},
Number = {3},
Pages = {338-345},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20591398},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To determine longitudinal rates of second retinal
detachment operation and postoperative adverse outcomes
after retinal detachment surgery in a nationally
representative sample of older Americans. DESIGN:
Retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis. METHODS: A
total of 9216 Medicare beneficiaries were identified from
the Medicare 5% sample who were diagnosed with
rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and underwent primary pars
plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckle, pneumatic
retinopexy, or laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy alone.
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, PPV, scleral buckle,
pneumatic retinopexy, or laser photocoagulation/cryotherapy
was ascertained from International Classification of
Diseases and Current Procedural Terminology procedure codes.
Rates of second retinal detachment operation and
postoperative adverse outcomes were analyzed by cumulative
incidence and logistic regression to control for prior
adverse outcome measures and demographic factors. RESULTS:
At 1-year follow-up, the rate of receipt of a second retinal
detachment operation for beneficiaries who had undergone
primary pneumatic retinopexy was much higher (40.6%, P <
.0001) relative to the scleral buckle (19.2%) group. After
controlling for demographic variables and ocular
comorbidities, pneumatic retinopexy individuals were nearly
3 times more likely to receive a second retinal detachment
surgery than scleral buckle individuals. No significant
differences exist in risk of second retinal detachment
surgery for the PPV compared to the scleral buckle group.
Individuals receiving PPV were 2 times more likely to suffer
adverse outcomes than were those undergoing scleral buckle.
Results were robust in sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS:
Rates of second operation were much higher after pneumatic
retinopexy than PPV or scleral buckle, and rates of adverse
outcomes were higher in PPV, even after controlling for risk
factors and demographic variables.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2010.04.009},
Key = {fds304440}
}
@misc{fds238823,
Author = {Platt, A and Sloan, FA and Costanzo, P},
Title = {Alcohol-consumption trajectories and associated
characteristics among adults older than age
50.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs},
Volume = {71},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-179},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20230713},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This study examined changes in drinking
behavior after age 50 and baseline personal characteristics
and subsequent life events associated with different
alcohol-consumption trajectories during a 14-year follow-up
period.<h4>Method</h4>Data were taken from the Health and
Retirement Study. The study sample included individuals ages
51-61 in 1992 who survived the sample period (1992-2006) and
had at least five interviews with alcohol consumption
information, yielding an analysis sample of 6,787 (3,760
women). We employed linear regression to determine drinking
trajectories over 1992-2006. Based on these findings, each
sample person was classified into one of five drinking
categories. We used multinomial logit analysis to assess the
relationship between personal demographic, income, health,
and attitudinal characteristics as well as life events and
drinking-trajectory category.<h4>Results</h4>Overall,
alcohol consumption declined. However, rates of decline
differed appreciably among sample persons, and for a
minority, alcohol consumption increased. Persons with
increasing consumption over time were more likely to be
affluent (relative-risk ratio [RRR] = 1.09, 95% CI [1.05,
1.12]), highly educated (RRR = 1.20, 95% CI [1.09, 1.31]),
male, White (RRR = 3.54, 95% CI [1.01, 12.39]), unmarried,
less religious, and in excellent to good health. A history
of problem drinking before baseline was associated with
increases in alcohol use, whereas the reverse was true for
persons with histories of few or no drinking
problems.<h4>Conclusions</h4>There are substantial
differences in drinking trajectories at the individual level
in midlife and late life. A problem-drinking history is
predictive of alcohol consumption patterns in later
life.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsad.2010.71.169},
Key = {fds238823}
}
@article{fds238721,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Ayyagari, P and Salm, M and Grossman,
D},
Title = {The longevity gap between Black and White men in the United
States at the beginning and end of the 20th
century.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {100},
Number = {2},
Pages = {357-363},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20019309},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>We sought to assess whether the disparity
in mortality rates between Black and White men decreased
from the beginning to the end of the 20th
century.<h4>Methods</h4>We used Cox proportional hazard
models for mortality to estimate differences in longevity
between Black and White Civil War veterans from 1900 to 1914
(using data from a pension program) and a later cohort of
male participants (using data from the 1992 to 2006 Health
and Retirement Study). In sensitivity analysis, we compared
relative survival of veterans for alternative baseline years
through 1914.<h4>Results</h4>In our survival analysis, the
Black-White male difference in mortality, both unadjusted
and adjusted for other influences, did not decrease from the
beginning to the end of the 20th century. A 17% difference
in Black-White mortality remained for the later cohort even
after we controlled for other influences. Although we could
control for fewer other influences on longevity, the
Black-White differences in mortality for the earlier cohort
was 18%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In spite of overall improvements
in longevity, a major difference in Black-White male
mortality persists.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2008.158188},
Key = {fds238721}
}
@misc{fds325277,
Author = {Richman, B and Sloan, F and Grossman, D},
Title = {Fragmentation in Mental Health Benefits and Services: A
Preliminary Examination into Consumption and
Outcomes},
Booktitle = {The Fragmentation of U.S. Health Care: Causes and
Solutions},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds325277}
}
@misc{fds238821,
Author = {Stein, JD and Zacks, DN and Grossman, D and Grabe, H and Johnson, MW and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Adverse events after pars plana vitrectomy among medicare
beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. :
1960)},
Volume = {127},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1656-1663},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.300},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the complication rates of pars
plana vitrectomy (PPV) among older Americans and to
determine whether rates of adverse events and additional
operations have changed during the past decade.<h4>Methods</h4>Claims
data were reviewed to identify all adults aged 68 years or
older in the 5% Medicare sample who underwent their first
PPV during 1994-1995, 1999-2000, and 2004-2005. One-year
rates of severe complications (endophthalmitis,
suprachoroidal hemorrhage, or retinal detachment), less
severe complications, receipt of an additional operation,
and blindness were calculated and compared among the 3
groups using Cox regression. Analyses were adjusted for
prior adverse events (during the previous 3 years),
demographic characteristics, and comorbid
conditions.<h4>Results</h4>The 1994-1995, 1999-2000, and
2004-2005 cohorts had 3263, 5064, and 5263 patients,
respectively. The 1-year severe complication rates did not
differ among the 3 groups (range, 4.8%-5.5%). The hazard of
a less severe complication or an additional operation was
higher in the 2004-2005 cohort than in the earlier cohorts
(P < .05 for all comparisons). The hazard of endophthalmitis
was higher in black individuals (P = .07) and those of other
races (P = .02) than in white patients.<h4>Conclusions</h4>During
the past decade, rates of severe complications after PPV
remained stable, but rates of less severe complications and
subsequent operations increased. Future studies should
explore the potential factors that explain these changes and
the alarming elevated incidence of post-PPV endophthalmitis
among nonwhite individuals.},
Doi = {10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.300},
Key = {fds238821}
}
@article{fds238822,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Malone, PS and Kertesz, SG and Wang, Y and Costanzo,
PR},
Title = {Racial differences in the relationship between alcohol
consumption in early adulthood and occupational attainment
at midlife.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {99},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2261-2267},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19834006},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>We assessed the relationship between
alcohol consumption in young adulthood (ages 18-30 years)
and occupational success 15 years later among Blacks and
Whites.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from the Coronary
Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study on employment
status and occupational prestige at year 15 from baseline.
The primary predictor was weekly alcohol use at baseline,
after stratification by race and adjustment for
socioeconomic factors.<h4>Results</h4>We detected racial
differences in the relationship between alcohol use in early
adulthood and employment status at midlife. Blacks who were
very heavy drinkers at baseline were more than 4 times as
likely as Blacks who were occasional drinkers to be
unemployed at year 15 (odds ratio [OR]=4.34; 95% confidence
interval [CI]=2.22, 8.47). We found no statistically
significant relationship among Whites. Occupational prestige
at midlife was negatively related to very heavy drinking,
but after adjustment for marital status, active coping, life
stress, and educational attainment, this relationship was
statistically significant only among Blacks.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Heavy
drinking during young adulthood was negatively associated
with labor market success at midlife, especially among
Blacks.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2007.127621},
Key = {fds238822}
}
@article{fds238820,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Grossman, DS and Lee, PP},
Title = {Effects of receipt of guideline-recommended care on onset of
diabetic retinopathy and its progression.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {116},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1515-1521.e3},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19651311},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine whether persons in a community
setting diagnosed with diabetes who received recommended
patterns of care experience improved vision outcomes over a
3-year time period. DESIGN: Retrospective, longitudinal,
cohort analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Persons diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus (DM), with no prior diagnosis of diabetic
retinopathy (DR; n = 5989) from the Medicare Current
Beneficiary Survey (1992-2004). Persons diagnosed with DM
were followed up to 3 years. INTERVENTION: Propensity score
matching was used to compare vision outcomes between persons
who received guideline-recommended care and those who did
not. Receipt of recommended levels of care was defined as
receiving each of the following services 0.75 times annually
on average: physician examination, ophthalmologist or
optometrist examination, hemoglobin A1c level, lipid levels,
and urinalysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures were
indicators of DR disease progression: no diagnosed DR to
diagnosed background DR, proliferative DR, macular edema,
proliferative DR complications, and use of a low-vision aid
or blindness. RESULTS: Persons with diagnosed diabetes
receiving guideline-recommended care experienced earlier
onset of background DR (average treatment effects on the
treated [ATT] at 3 years, 0.118; 95% confidence interval
[CI], -0.005 to 0.240). There were no differences between
those receiving recommended care and others in time to onset
of proliferative DR, macular edema, or proliferative DR
complications. However, persons who received care consistent
with recommendations experienced much lower rates of onset
of low vision/blindness than did others (ATT at 3 years,
-0.109; 95% CI, -0.189 to -0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Low
vision/blindness was substantially reduced over a 3-year
period among persons diagnosed with DM who received
recommended levels of care.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.03.010},
Key = {fds238820}
}
@article{fds238819,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Ruiz, D and Platt, A},
Title = {Changes in functional status among persons over age
sixty-five undergoing total knee arthroplasty.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {47},
Number = {7},
Pages = {742-748},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536027},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>This study assessed changes in physical
functional status following receipt of total knee
arthroplasty (TKA) for patients diagnosed with
osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in a national sample of
persons aged 65+ in the United States relative to a sample
of similar OA patients who did not receive
TKA.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the Health Retirement Survey
(HRS) and linked Medicare claims from 1994 to 2006 were used
to identify persons with diagnoses of OA of the lower leg
who received a TKA (n = 516) and those who did not receive
TKA (n = 1756). Predicted probabilities of receiving total
knee arthroplasty from logit analysis were used for matching
TKA and comparison groups on demographic, socioeconomic, and
baseline functional status factors. Functional status
measures were: mobility, gross motor function, large muscle,
and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). Average
treatment effects of the treated (ATT), which compares
changes in functional status between those who received TKA
with similar individuals who did not receive TKA, were
computed using propensity score matching.<h4>Results</h4>Mobility
(average treatment effect of the treated (ATT = 0.315; 95%
CI: 0.118-0.512), gross motor function (ATT = 0.314; 95% CI:
0.156-0.472), and ADL limitations (ATT = 0.174; 95% CI:
0.055-0.293), improved among persons receiving TKA relative
to the comparison group. Relative to the mean values of the
physical function at baseline, mobility, gross motor
function, and ADL limitations persons receiving TKA had
better functional outcomes than the comparison group by
17.5, 39.3, and 46.9 percent, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>TKA
is effective in improving functional status in elderly
persons.},
Doi = {10.1097/mlr.0b013e31819a5ae3},
Key = {fds238819}
}
@article{fds238817,
Author = {Wysong, A and Lee, PP and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Longitudinal incidence of adverse outcomes of age-related
macular degeneration.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {127},
Number = {3},
Pages = {320-327},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19273797},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the visual, functional, and general
health complication rates associated with age-related
macular degeneration (AMD) in a nationally representative
longitudinal sample of elderly persons. METHODS: This is a
longitudinal retrospective cohort study (January 1,
1994-December 31, 2004) that used Medicare claims data. We
identified beneficiaries aged 68 years and older who had
newly diagnosed AMD in 1994 (n = 32,702) and age-, sex-, and
race-matched controls who had routine eye surveillance and
no diagnosis of AMD throughout the observational period (n =
32,702). Main outcome measures included cumulative incidence
of vision loss, blindness, hip fracture, depression, and
nursing home placement and prevalence of 16 general health
conditions. RESULTS: Elderly individuals with newly
diagnosed AMD had higher rates of blindness, vision loss,
depression, hip fracture, and residence in a nursing home
than those without AMD during a 10-year follow-up period.
Individuals with AMD also had a higher prevalence of 11 of
16 general health conditions compared with controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals aged 68 years and older with AMD
had higher rates of visual and functional impairments and
had more illness than controls. Our findings demonstrate the
substantial resource commitment of caring for the
multifaceted health issues of persons diagnosed with
AMD.},
Doi = {10.1001/archophthalmol.2008.613},
Key = {fds238817}
}
@article{fds238834,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Khwaja, A and Silverman, D and Wang,
Y},
Title = {Are Smokers Misinformed?},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {385-397},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19178971},
Abstract = {While there are many reasons to continue to smoke in spite
of its consequences for health, the concern that many smoke
because they misperceive the risks of smoking remains a
focus of public discussion and motivates tobacco control
policies and litigation. In this paper we investigate the
relative accuracy of mature smokers' risk perceptions about
future survival, and a range of morbidities and
disabilities. Using data from the survey on smoking (SOS)
conducted for this research, we compare subjective beliefs
elicited from the SOS with corresponding individual-specific
objective probabilities estimated from the health and
retirement study. Overall, consumers in the age group
studied, 50-70, are not overly optimistic in their
perceptions of health risk. If anything, smokers tend to be
relatively pessimistic about these risks. The finding that
smokers are either well informed or pessimistic regarding a
broad range of health risks suggests that these beliefs are
not pivotal in the decision to continue smoking. Although
statements by the tobacco companies may have been misleading
and thus encouraged some to start smoking, we find no
evidence that systematic misinformation about the health
consequences of smoking inhibits quitting.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.12.004},
Key = {fds238834}
}
@article{fds238836,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Shadle, JH},
Title = {Is there empirical evidence for "Defensive Medicine"? A
reassessment.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {481-491},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19201500},
Abstract = {Proponents of tort reform applied to medical malpractice
argue for change partly on the premise that the threat of
lawsuits has made medical care more costly. Using U.S.
longitudinal data from the National Long-Term Care Survey
merged with Medicare claims and other data for 1985-2000,
this study assesses whether tort reforms have reduced
Medicare payments made on behalf of beneficiaries and the
survival probability following an index event. Direct
reforms (caps on damages, abolition of punitive damages,
eliminating mandatory prejudgment interest, and collateral
source offset) did not significantly reduce payments for
Medicare-covered services in any specification. Indirect
reforms (limitations on contingency fees, mandatory periodic
payments, joint-and-several liability reform, and patient
compensation funds) significantly reduced Medicare payments
only in a specification based on any hospitalization, but
not in analysis of hospitalization for each of four common
chronic conditions. Neither direct nor indirect reforms had
a significant effect on the health outcomes, with one
exception. The overall conclusion is that tort reforms do
not significantly affect medical decisions, nor do they have
a systematic effect on patient outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.12.006},
Key = {fds238836}
}
@article{fds238837,
Author = {Khwaja, A and Sloan, F and Wang, Y},
Title = {Do smokers value their health and longevity
less?},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {171-196},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/589655},
Abstract = {One reason why individuals consume harmful addictive goods
is that the "full" price of such goods is low. Using data on
adults specifically collected for this study, we examine the
internal cost of one such good by estimating the value that
smokers and nonsmokers place on loss of health and longevity
from a major lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Differences in the nonpecuniary internal
cost of getting COPD between current smokers and people who
have never smoked range from $80,000 to $260,000, implying
that one reason people continue to smoke is that they face a
lower full price of smoking. Our results suggest that
although taxation and regulation of cigarettes may be
justified for externality reasons, the principle of consumer
sovereignty implies that the case is much weaker for
interventions based on helping smokers internalize costs
they impose on themselves.},
Doi = {10.1086/589655},
Key = {fds238837}
}
@article{fds238816,
Author = {Shea, AM and Curtis, LH and Hammill, BG and Kowalski, JW and Ravelo, A and Lee, PP and Sloan, FA and Schulman, KA},
Title = {Resource use and costs associated with diabetic macular
edema in elderly persons.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {126},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1748-1754},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19064859},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in resource use and the effect
of incident diabetic macular edema (DME) on 1- and 3-year
total direct medical costs in elderly patients. METHODS: We
used a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare
beneficiaries from 2000 through 2004 to identify patients
with incident DME and a control cohort of patients with
diabetes mellitus but no history of retinal disease. We
summed Medicare reimbursement amounts for all claims and
applied generalized linear models to estimate the effect of
DME on 1- and 3-year costs. We also examined the use of
select imaging techniques and treatments. RESULTS: After
adjusting for demographic characteristics and baseline
comorbid conditions, DME was associated with 31% higher
1-year costs and 29% higher 3-year costs. There were
significant shifts in the use of testing and treatment
modalities. From 2000 to 2004, use of intravitreal injection
increased from 1% to 13% of patients; use of optical
coherence tomography increased from 2.5% to more than 40%.
Use of laser photocoagulation decreased over time.
CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for demographic variables and
baseline comorbid conditions, new-onset DME was a
significant independent predictor of total medical costs
after 1 and 3 years. Diagnostic and treatment modalities
used for DME have changed significantly.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.126.12.1748},
Key = {fds238816}
}
@article{fds238842,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Wang, Y},
Title = {Economic theory and evidence on smoking behavior of
adults.},
Journal = {Addiction (Abingdon, England)},
Volume = {103},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1777-1785},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18778387},
Abstract = {<h4>Aims</h4>To describe: (i) three alternative conceptual
frameworks used by economists to study addictive behaviors:
rational, imperfectly rational and irrational addiction;
(ii) empirical economic evidence on each framework and
specific channels to explain adult smoking matched to the
frameworks; and (iii) policy implications for each
framework.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic review and appraisal
of important theoretical and empirical economic studies on
smoking.<h4>Results</h4>There is some empirical support for
each framework. For rational and imperfectly rational
addiction there is some evidence that anticipated future
cigarette prices influence current cigarette consumption,
and quitting costs are high for smokers. Smokers are more
risk-tolerant in the financial domain than are others and
tend to attach a lower value to being in good health.
Findings on differences in rates of time preference by
smoking status are mixed; however, short-term rates are
higher than long-term rates for both smokers and
non-smokers, a stylized fact consistent with hyperbolic
discounting. The economic literature lends no empirical
support to the view that mature adults smoke because they
underestimate the probability of harm to health from
smoking. In support of the irrationality framework, smokers
tend to be more impulsive than others in domains not related
directly to smoking, implying that they may be sensitive to
cues that trigger smoking.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Much promising
economic research uses the imperfectly rational addiction
framework, but empirical research based on this framework is
still in its infancy.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02329.x},
Key = {fds238842}
}
@article{fds238847,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Belsky, D and Ruiz, D and Lee, P},
Title = {Changes in incidence of diabetes mellitus-related eye
disease among US elderly persons, 1994-2005.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {126},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1548-1553},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19001223},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine if diabetic eye disease has changed
over time among older Americans and to explore possibilities
for observed change. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal
analysis of nationally representative Medicare data, the
Medicare 5% sample, collected from January 1, 1991, through
December 31, 2004, using standard claims data algorithms and
cross-sectional analysis of the Medicare Current Beneficiary
Survey. RESULTS: Compared with Medicare beneficiaries first
diagnosed with diabetes mellitus in 1994, those first
diagnosed with diabetes in 1999 and in 2003 showed lower
rates of background and proliferative diabetic retinopathy
within 1 year after diagnosis and during 6 years of
follow-up among the 1999 cohort. Six-year rates of surgical
procedures for retinopathy were lower among beneficiaries in
the 1999 cohort than in the 1994 cohort, and rates of
glucose, lipid, and cholesterol monitoring were higher. In
addition, hypertension was diagnosed more frequently among
the 1999 cohort during 6 years. Data from the Medicare
Current Beneficiary Survey showed higher rates of
antihypertensive drug use among persons diagnosed with
diabetes in 1999 compared with 1994. CONCLUSIONS: Decreases
in rates of diabetic retinopathy among persons newly
diagnosed with diabetes enrolled in Medicare from 1994 to
2004 and concurrent improvements in primary care for
diabetes suggest that better primary care has had an effect
on the Medicare population, despite increasing rates of
other adverse outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.126.11.1548},
Key = {fds238847}
}
@article{fds238717,
Author = {George, LK and Ruiz, D and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The effects of total knee arthroplasty on physical
functioning in the older population.},
Journal = {Arthritis Rheum},
Volume = {58},
Number = {10},
Pages = {3166-3171},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0004-3591},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18821689},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Clinical research provides convincing evidence
that total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is safe and improves
joint-specific outcomes. However, higher-level functioning
associated with self care and independent living has not
been studied. Furthermore, most previous studies of the
effects of TKA relied on relatively small clinical samples.
We undertook this study to estimate the effects of TKA on 3
levels of physical functioning in a national sample of older
adults. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Medicare
Current Beneficiary Survey from 1992 to 2003. Medicare
claims data identified participants with osteoarthritis of
the knee who received TKA (n=259) or no TKA (n=1,816).
Propensity scores were used to match treatment and
no-treatment groups according to demographic
characteristics, comorbid conditions, and baseline
functioning. Three levels of physical functioning were
examined as outcomes of TKA. These levels were represented
by items on the Nagi Disability Scale, the Instrumental
Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, and the Activities
of Daily Living (ADL) Scale. These items were measured after
TKA and at comparable intervals for the no-treatment group.
Average treatment effects were calculated for relevant Nagi
Disability Scale, IADL Scale, and ADL Scale tasks. RESULTS:
Between baseline and outcome assessments, TKA recipients
improved on all 3 levels of physical functioning; the
no-treatment group declined. Statistically significant
average treatment effects for TKA were observed for one or
more tasks for each measure of physical functioning.
CONCLUSION: TKA is associated with sizeable improvements in
3 levels of physical functioning among elderly Medicare
beneficiaries.},
Doi = {10.1002/art.23888},
Key = {fds238717}
}
@book{fds315352,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and co-edited and H. Kasper},
Title = {Incentives and Choice in Health Care},
Volume = {1},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Kasper, H},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {0-262-69365-8},
Abstract = {A vast body of empirical evidence has accumulated
demonstrating that incentives affect health care choices
made by both consumers and suppliers of health care
services. Decisions in health care are affected by many
types of incentives, such as the rate of return
pharmaceutical manufacturers expect on their investments in
research and development, or disincentives, such as
increases in the copayments patients must make when they
visit physicians or are admitted to hospitals. In this
volume, leading scholars in health economics review these
new and important results and describe their own recent
research assessing the role of incentives in health care
markets and decisions people make that affect their personal
health. The contexts include demand decisions—choices made
by individuals about health care services they consume and
the health insurance policies they purchase—and supply
decisions made by medical students, practicing physicians,
hospitals, and pharmaceutical manufacturers. Researchers and
students of health economics and policy makers will find
this book a valuable resource, both for learning economic
concepts, particularly as they apply to health care, and for
reading up-to-date summaries of the empirical evidence.
General readers will find the book's chapters accessible,
interesting, and useful for gaining an understanding of the
likely effects of alternative health care
policies.},
Key = {fds315352}
}
@article{fds238716,
Author = {Stein, JD and Ruiz, D and Belsky, D and Lee, PP and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Longitudinal rates of postoperative adverse outcomes after
glaucoma surgery among medicare beneficiaries 1994 to
2005.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {115},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1109-1116.e7},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18598818},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To determine longitudinal rates of postoperative
adverse outcomes after incisional glaucoma surgery in a
nationally representative longitudinal sample. DESIGN:
Retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis. PARTICIPANTS:
Medicare beneficiaries >or=68 years who underwent a primary
trabeculectomy (PT), trabeculectomy with scarring (TS), or
glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation from 1994 to
2003 with follow-up through 2005. INTERVENTION: Primary
trabeculectomy, TS, and GDD were identified from
International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) and
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) procedure codes. Change
in rates of postoperative adverse outcomes associated with
these 3 surgical interventions was analyzed by cumulative
incidence rates and Cox proportional hazards model
regression; regression analysis controlled for prior adverse
outcome measures (3-year run-up) and demographic variables.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: First-, second-, and sixth-year
cumulative rates and probability of experiencing serious
adverse outcomes (retinal detachment, endophthalmitis,
suprachoroidal hemorrhage), less serious adverse outcomes
(choroidal detachment, corneal edema, hypotony), and receipt
of additional glaucoma surgery were identified through
Medicare claims for each treatment group. RESULTS: At the
1-year follow-up, rates of severe adverse outcomes were
higher among beneficiaries in the GDD group (2.0%) relative
to the PT (0.6%) and TS groups (1.3%). Controlling for prior
adverse outcomes to the surgery and demographic factors in
Cox proportional analysis, differences were often reduced,
but generally remained statistically and clinically
significant. Rates of severe outcomes, less severe outcomes,
corneal edema, and low vision/blindness were higher for
persons undergoing GDD than PT or TS. However, rates of
reoperation were higher for TS than GDD. CONCLUSIONS: The
risk for adverse outcomes was higher in GDD than in PT
surgery or TS, controlling for a number of important case
mix and demographic factors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.03.033},
Key = {fds238716}
}
@article{fds238843,
Author = {George, LK and Ruiz, D and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The effects of total hip arthroplasty on physical
functioning in the older population.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {56},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1057-1062},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18384581},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>To estimate the effects of total hip
arthroplasty (THA) on three levels of physical functioning
in a representative national sample of older
adults.<h4>Design</h4>Survey.<h4>Setting</h4>Participants
were interviewed in their homes.<h4>Participants</h4>Participants
consisted of stratified random samples of Medicare
beneficiaries interviewed between 1992 and
2003.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the Medicare Current
Beneficiary Survey from 1992 to 2003 and merged Medicare
claims data identified participants who received (n=131) or
did not receive (n=257) THA. Outcomes were three measures of
physical functioning: Nagi items, instrumental activities of
daily living, and activities of daily living. Baseline and
follow-up measures were obtained approximately 6 months
apart. Logistic regression was used to predict the effects
of THA on functioning, with a wide range of covariates
controlled.<h4>Results</h4>Persons who received THA
significantly improved in two of three levels of physical
functioning; the no-treatment group experienced declines in
physical functioning.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Receipt of THA is
associated with significant improvements in two levels of
physical functioning. These benefits are broadly applicable
in that a wide variety of covariates had minimal effects on
THA receipt and outcome.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01685.x},
Key = {fds238843}
}
@article{fds376482,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Bethel, MA and Ruiz, D and Shea, AM and Feinglos,
MN},
Title = {The growing burden of diabetes mellitus in the US elderly
population (vol 168, pg 192, 2008)},
Journal = {ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE},
Volume = {168},
Number = {8},
Pages = {860-860},
Publisher = {AMER MEDICAL ASSOC},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds376482}
}
@article{fds238846,
Author = {Lamb, VL and Sloan, FA and Nathan, AS},
Title = {Dementia and Medicare at life's end.},
Journal = {Health Serv Res},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {714-732},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18370975},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of a diagnosis of
Alzheimer's disease or related dementias (ADRD), and the
timing of first ADRD diagnosis, on Medicare expenditures at
end of life. DATA SOURCES: Monthly Medicare payment data for
the 5 years before death linked to the National Long-Term
Care Survey (NLTCS) for decedents between 1996 and 2000
(N=4,899). DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: Medicare payment data
for the 5 years before death were used to compare 5-year and
6-month intervals of expenditures (total and six
subcategories of services) for persons with and without a
diagnosis of ADRD during the last 5 years of life,
controlling for age, gender, race, education, comorbidities,
and nursing home status. Covariate matching was used.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: On average, ADRD diagnosis was not
significantly associated with excess Medicare payments over
the last 5 years of life. Regarding the timing of ADRD
diagnosis, there were no significant 5-year total
expenditure differences for persons diagnosed with dementia
more than 1 year before death. Payment differences by
6-month intervals were highly sensitive to timing of ADRD
diagnosis, with the highest differences occurring around the
time of diagnosis. There were reduced, non-significant, or
negative total payment differences after the initial
diagnosis for those diagnosed at least 1 year before death.
Only those diagnosed with ADRD in the last year of life had
significantly higher Medicare payments during the last 12
months of life, primarily for acute care services.
CONCLUSIONS: ADRD has a smaller impact on total Medicare
expenditures than previously reported in controlled studies.
The significant differences occur primarily around the time
of diagnosis. Although rates of dementia are increasing per
se, our results suggest that long-term (1+ year) ADRD
diagnoses do not contribute to greater total Medicare costs
at the end of life.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00787.x},
Key = {fds238846}
}
@article{fds238845,
Author = {Hsieh, C-R and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Adoption of pharmaceutical innovation and the growth of drug
expenditure in Taiwan: is it cost effective?},
Journal = {Value in health : the journal of the International Society
for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {334-344},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1098-3015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00235.x},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the impact of adopting
pharmaceutical innovations on the growth of pharmaceutical
expenditures, focusing specifically on Taiwan's
experience.<h4>Methods</h4>We first provide a descriptive
analysis of cost impacts of introducing new drugs into
Taiwan's national formulary using data from Taiwan. We then
use a statistical method to decompose the growth of
pharmaceutical expenditures during 1997-2001 into three
components: 1) treatment expansion; 2) treatment
substitution; and 3) price effect. By incorporating the
estimated benefit from prior studies, we calculate the
incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for new drugs as a
whole.<h4>Results</h4>We find that from 1997 to 2001 public
expenditures on pharmaceuticals grew 57%. The primary
drivers of this expenditure growth were treatment expansion
and treatment substitution. Prices declined by 18%. Cost per
life-year gained resulting from introduction of new drugs
was US$1053 (in 2003 dollars) from the perspective of the
public payer and US$1824 from the perspective of society as
a whole.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Overall, our analysis provides
evidence with previous studies that the drug reimbursement
price is not the primary driver of increased spending.
Rather the introduction of new drugs into the formulary
leading to expansion of treatment, expansion and
substitution of the new drugs for existing drugs may
increase spending. Although the adoption of pharmaceutical
innovation is costly, the estimated benefit of adopting
pharmaceutical innovation generally far exceeds the cost,
indicating that the adoption of pharmaceutical innovation is
on the whole worthwhile.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00235.x},
Key = {fds238845}
}
@article{fds238714,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Belsky, DW and Boly, IA},
Title = {Prevalence of major eye diseases among US Civil War
veterans, 1890-1910},
Journal = {Archives of Ophthalmology},
Volume = {126},
Number = {2},
Pages = {246-50},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18268217},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of major eye diseases
and low vision or blindness in a national sample of male US
Union Army veterans from 1890 to 1910 and to compare these
prevalence rates with contemporary rates for the same
diseases and visual status. DESIGN: Longitudinal histories
of 16,022 white Union Army veterans receiving disability
pensions from 1890 to 1910 were developed from pension board
examination records. Prevalence rates of trachoma, corneal
opacities, cataract, diseases of the retina and optic nerve,
and low vision or blindness were calculated in 1895 and
1910. Changes in prevalence by age were examined. RESULTS:
By 1910, 11.9% of veterans had low vision or were blind in
both eyes. Prevalence of cataract increased with age,
resulting in 13.1% of veterans having had cataract in one or
both eyes. Rates of trachoma were 3.2% in 1895 and 4.8% in
1910. Rates of corneal opacity were 3.0% and 5.1%,
respectively. Glaucoma was rarely diagnosed from 1890 to
1910, but diseases of the optic nerve were reported in 2.0%
of veterans in 1895 and 3.6% in 1910. CONCLUSIONS: This
study documents substantial reductions in the prevalence of
low vision or blindness and changes in the composition of
eye diseases from an era in which there were few effective
therapies for eye diseases to the present.},
Doi = {10.1001/archophthalmol.2007.34},
Key = {fds238714}
}
@article{fds238749,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Bethel, MA and Ruiz, D and Shea, AM and Feinglos,
MN},
Title = {The growing burden of diabetes mellitus in the US elderly
population.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {168},
Number = {2},
Pages = {192-199},
Publisher = {AMER MEDICAL ASSOC},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227367},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is
growing worldwide. Consequently, there has been increased
emphasis on primary and secondary prevention of diabetes. To
our knowledge, whether there have been actual improvements
in outcomes in the last decade or so has not been documented
in a nationally representative sample.<h4>Methods</h4>We
undertook this study to examine trends in rates of
occurrence of diabetes and its complications in persons
older than 65 years in the United States. National
longitudinal analysis of Medicare claims and other Medicare
program data for persons first diagnosed as having diabetes
during 1994 (n=33 164), 1999 (n=31 722), or 2003 (n=40 058)
were compared with 2 control groups of persons of
approximately equal sample size who were not diagnosed as
having diabetes, alternatively during 1994, 1999, or 2003 or
for the entire period from 1994 to 1999 or from 1999 to
2004. The main outcome measures were death and complications
of diabetes including cardiovascular, cerebrovascular,
ophthalmic, renal, and lower extremity events.<h4>Results</h4>The
annual incidence of diabetes increased by 23% between
1994-1995 and 2003-2004, and prevalence increased by 62%.
The mortality rate after diagnosis in persons having
diagnosed diabetes decreased by 8.3% compared with that in
the control groups. Complication rates among persons
diagnosed as having diabetes generally increased or stayed
the same compared with those in the control groups during
1994 to 2004 except for ophthalmic diseases associated with
diabetes. Rates for some major complications were high; for
example, the rate for congestive heart failure in the
diabetes group during 1999 to 2004 was 475 per 1000 persons.
In some cases, most notably renal events, including the most
serious complications, there were increases in prevalence in
both the diabetes and control groups.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The
burden of financing and providing medical care for persons
older than 65 in the United States having diagnosed diabetes
is growing rapidly as a result of increased incidence and,
especially, prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, decreased
mortality, and overall lack of improvement in rates of
complications in persons having diagnosed
diabetes.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2007.35},
Key = {fds238749}
}
@article{fds238844,
Author = {Sloan, F and Chepke, L},
Title = {From medical malpractice to quality assurance},
Journal = {Issues in Science and Technology},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {63-70},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0748-5492},
Abstract = {Health care service providers in the US need to implementing
a proper a medical malpractice system that focuses on
compensating patients for medical errors and finding ways to
prevent these errors from occurring. The service providers
need to eliminate misconceptions about the problems
associated with the medical malpractice system, as a first
step toward solving real problems of medical errors and low
level of quality assurance. Steps can be taken, to
reconstruct the system aimed at improving the quality of
medical care, by giving medical professionals better
incentives, to deliver the services that people need. A
number of options exist, to reform the medical malpractice
system, such as enterprise insurance that has the potential
to provide the initiative for systematic
change.},
Key = {fds238844}
}
@article{fds153447,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and P. Ayyagari},
Title = {Education and Health: a Peek Inside the Black
Box},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds153447}
}
@article{fds153448,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and A. J. Nowobilski and T. Abimbola and G. Picone and A.Platt},
Title = {Why are There More Alcohol Retailers in Black
Neighborhoods?},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds153448}
}
@misc{fds153449,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D. Grossman and C. Nieto and G. Picone and A.Platt},
Title = {Associations between Alcohol Price, Availability, and
Consumption for Adults Over Age 50},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds153449}
}
@misc{fds153439,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D. Taylor and D. Ruiz and P. Douglas and L.
Curtis},
Title = {Does Diagnostic Imaging Technology Reduce Mortality for
Diabetic Pateints in the Medicare Program?},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds153439}
}
@book{fds325938,
Author = {Sloan, F and Chepke, L},
Title = {Medical Malpractice},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {9780262515160},
Key = {fds325938}
}
@article{fds238808,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Chepke, LM},
Title = {The law and economics of public health},
Journal = {Foundations and Trends in Microeconomics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {331-490},
Publisher = {Now Publishers},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781601980748},
ISSN = {1547-9846},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0700000020},
Abstract = {The fundamental question addressed by this paper is whether
or not and the extent to which imposing tort liability on
potential injurers improves the public's health.
Conceptually, imposing the threat of litigation on potential
injurers gives them an incentive to exercise more care than
they would absent the threat. While the conclusion might
seem to be obvious at first glance, in reality, the
conclusion is far from obvious. For one, insurance coverage
may blunt incentives to take care. Also, the tort system may
operate far less perfectly than the theory would have it. In
the end, the question must be answered on the basis of
empirical evidence. © 2007 F. A. Sloan and L. M.
Chepke.},
Doi = {10.1561/0700000020},
Key = {fds238808}
}
@article{fds238848,
Author = {Ayyagari, P and Salm, M and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effects of diagnosed dementia on Medicare and Medicaid
program costs.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {481-494},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0046-9580},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18338520},
Abstract = {This study examines the impacts of physician-diagnosed
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) on Medicare
and Medicaid program costs in 1994 and 1999. An innovative
method is employed to estimate program payments over the
life cycle starting at age 65. Using data from the 1994 and
1999 National Long-Term Care Surveys, merged Medicare
claims, and national program data for Medicaid, we find that
the share of total Medicare and Medicaid payments
attributable to diagnosed ADRD was 5.46% in 1999. Total
annual program payments attributable to ADRD decreased
between 1994 and 1999, in contrast to an increase implied by
a cross-sectional approach.},
Doi = {10.5034/inquiryjrnl_44.4.481},
Key = {fds238848}
}
@article{fds70939,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and G. Picone and S-Y. Chou},
Title = {Are For-Profit Hospital Conversions Harmful to Patients and
to Medicare?},
Journal = {Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {507-23},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds70939}
}
@article{fds238712,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Rattliff, JR and Hall, MA},
Title = {Effects of state managed care patient protection laws on
physician satisfaction.},
Journal = {Medical care research and review : MCRR},
Volume = {64},
Number = {5},
Pages = {585-599},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1077-5587},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17881622},
Abstract = {Physician dissatisfaction often drives public policy, and is
associated with lower quality of care and disruption of
treatment relationships. Physicians expressed strong
dissatisfaction with managed care, leading to enactment of
patient protection laws. By 2001, almost all states enacted
laws to curb alleged abuses of managed care organizations.
To date, no studies have examined whether such laws improved
physician satisfaction. This article examines whether
enactment of these laws improved physician satisfaction,
using responses to the Physician Survey component of the
Community Tracking Study (CTS), supplemented with data on
state statutes/regulations. Career satisfaction increased
for both primary care physicians (PCPs) and specialists
following enactment of such laws; improvements were limited
to early-adopting states. Enactment was associated with
improvements in early-adopting states for specialists but
not for PCPs on: ability to provide high quality care,
clinical freedom, and ability to make clinical decisions in
patients' interests without sacrificing physician
income.},
Doi = {10.1177/1077558707300715},
Key = {fds238712}
}
@article{fds238849,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Khwaja, A and Chung, S},
Title = {Individual Expectations and Behaviors: Evidence of the
Relationships between Mortality Expectations and Smoking
Decisions},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-201},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-007-9019-4},
Abstract = {Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we assess
the accuracy of subjective beliefs about mortality and
objectively estimated probabilities for individuals in the
same sample. Overall, subjective beliefs and objective
probabilities are very close. However, there are differences
conditional on behaviors, with current smokers being
relatively optimistic and never smokers relatively
pessimistic in their assessments. In the aggregate,
individuals accurately predict longevity, but at the
individual level, subjective beliefs provide information in
addition to the estimated objective probabilities in
predicting actual events, which may arise from the effect of
past or anticipated decisions on these beliefs. © 2007
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-007-9019-4},
Key = {fds238849}
}
@article{fds304438,
Author = {Khwaja, A and Sloan, F and Chung, S},
Title = {The relationship between individual expectations and
behaviors: Mortality expectations and smoking
decisions},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {179-201},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-007-9019-4},
Abstract = {Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we assess
the accuracy of subjective beliefs about mortality and
objectively estimated probabilities for individuals in the
same sample. Overall, subjective beliefs and objective
probabilities are very close. However, there are differences
conditional on behaviors, with current smokers being
relatively optimistic and never smokers relatively
pessimistic in their assessments. In the aggregate,
individuals accurately predict longevity, but at the
individual level, subjective beliefs provide information in
addition to the estimated objective probabilities in
predicting actual events, which may arise from the effect of
past or anticipated decisions on these beliefs. © 2007
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-007-9019-4},
Key = {fds304438}
}
@article{fds238757,
Author = {Costanzo, PR and Malone, PS and Belsky, D and Kertesz, S and Pletcher,
M and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Longitudinal differences in alcohol use in early
adulthood.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {727-737},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1937-1888},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17690807},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>Research with college populations suggests
that elevated levels of heavy drinking do not generally
persist into later adulthood for most individuals. The aims
of this study were to determine whether this pattern applies
to the population as a whole and to identify those for whom
heavy drinking in early adulthood does lead to continued
high levels of consumption throughout the life
course.<h4>Method</h4>Patterns of heavy drinking were
assessed, and a mixture model was used to evaluate
relationships between psychological profiles and
trajectories of heavy drinking in early to middle adulthood
for race-gender groups. Subjects (N = 5,115; 55% women) were
drawn from the longitudinal study of Coronary Artery Risk
Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) conducted in four major
U.S. cities from 1985 to 1995.<h4>Results</h4>Patterns of
heavy drinking differed by race and gender, with higher
rates observed among whites and men. Heavy drinking was
generally most common in the early 20s and dropped sharply
thereafter. For a subset with psychological profiles
characterized by elevated levels of hostility, anxiety, and
depressive symptoms, high rates of heavy drinking persisted
into later adulthood; 20% of whites and 50% of blacks in the
overall sample were in this subset. Rates of heavy drinking
in this group were similar for blacks and
whites.<h4>Conclusions</h4>At a population level, heavy
drinking in early adulthood tends not to continue into later
life. For a subset of psychologically vulnerable
individuals, however, early adult heavy drinking persists
into the middle adulthood years.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsad.2007.68.727},
Key = {fds238757}
}
@article{fds238852,
Author = {Khwaja, A and Silverman, D and Sloan, F},
Title = {Time preference, time discounting, and smoking
decisions.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {927-949},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.02.004},
Abstract = {This study examines the relationship between time
discounting, other sources of time preference, and choices
about smoking. Using a survey fielded for our analysis, we
elicit rates of time discount from choices in financial and
health domains. We also examine the relationship between
other determinants of time preference and smoking status. We
find very high rates of time discount in the financial realm
for a horizon of 1 year, irrespective of smoking status. In
the health domain, the implied rates of time discount
decline with the length of the time delay (hyperbolic
discounting) and the sign of the payoff (the sign effect).
We use a series of questions about the willingness to
undergo a colonoscopy to elicit short- and long-run rates of
discount in a quasi-hyperbolic discounting framework,
finding no evidence that short-run and long-run rates of
discount differ by smoking status. Using more general
measures of time preference, i.e., impulsivity and length of
financial planning horizon, smokers are more impatient.
However, neither of these measures is significantly
correlated with the measures of time discounting. Our
results indicate that subjective rates of time discount
revealed through committed choice scenarios are not related
to differences in smoking behavior. Rather, a combination of
more general measures of time preference and self-control,
i.e., impulsivity and financial planning, are more closely
related to the smoking decision.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.02.004},
Key = {fds238852}
}
@article{fds238756,
Author = {Humphreys, M and Costanzo, P and Haynie, KL and Ostbye, T and Boly, I and Belsky, D and Sloan, F},
Title = {Racial disparities in diabetes a century ago: evidence from
the pension files of US Civil War veterans.},
Journal = {Soc Sci Med},
Volume = {64},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1766-1775},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17240029},
Abstract = {Using a comprehensive database constructed from the pension
files of US Civil War veterans, we explore characteristics
and occurrence of type 2 diabetes among older black and
white males, living circa 1900. We find that rates of
diagnosed diabetes were much lower among males in this
period than a century later. In contrast to the late 20th
Century, the rates of diagnosed diabetes were lower among
black than among white males, suggesting that the reverse
pattern is of relatively recent origin. Two-thirds of both
white and black veterans had body-mass indexes (BMIs) in the
currently recommended weight range, a far higher proportion
than documented by recent surveys. Longevity among persons
with diabetes was not reduced among Civil War veterans, and
those with diabetes suffered comparatively few sequelae of
the condition. Over 90% of black veterans engaged in low
paying, high-physical effort jobs, as compared to about half
of white veterans. High rates of work-related physical
activity may provide a partial explanation of low rates of
diagnosed diabetes among blacks. We found no evidence of
discrimination in testing by race, as indicated by rates of
examinations in which a urinalysis was performed. This
dataset is valuable for providing a national benchmark
against which to compare modern diabetes prevalence
patterns.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.12.004},
Key = {fds238756}
}
@article{fds238839,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Sieg, H and Sloan, F},
Title = {Living rationally under the volcano? An empirical analysis
of heavy drinking and smoking},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {37-65},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00417.x},
Abstract = {This study investigates whether models of forward-looking
behavior explain the observed patterns of heavy drinking and
smoking of men in late middle age in the Health and
Retirement Study better than myopic models. We develop and
estimate a sequence of nested models that differ by their
degree of forward-looking behavior. Our empirical findings
suggest that forward looking models fit the data better than
myopic models. These models also dominate other behavioral
models based on out-of-sample predictions using data of men
aged 70 and over. Myopic models predict rates of smoking for
old individuals, which are significantly larger than those
found in the data on elderly men. © 2007 by the Economics
Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka
University Institute Of Social And Economic Research
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00417.x},
Key = {fds238839}
}
@book{fds325893,
Author = {Countries, COCCIL-AM-I and Health, BOG and Medicine,
IO},
Title = {Cancer Control Opportunities in Low- and Middle-Income
Countries},
Pages = {340 pages},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Gelband, H},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780309103848},
Abstract = {This book identifies feasible, affordable steps for LMCs and
their international partners to begin to reduce the cancer
burden for current and future generations.},
Key = {fds325893}
}
@book{fds238611,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Pharmaceutical innovation: Incentives, competition, and
cost-benefit analysis in international perspective},
Pages = {1-331},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521874908},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618871},
Abstract = {The pharmaceutical industry worldwide is a rapidly
burgeoning industry contributing to growth of gross domestic
product and employment. Technological change in this field
has been very rapid, with many new products being
introduced. For this reason in part, health care budgets
throughout the world have increased dramatically, eliciting
growing pressures for cost containment. This book explores
four important issues in pharmaceutical innovations: (1) the
industry structure of pharmaceutical innovation; (2)
incentives for correcting market failures in allocating
resources for research and development; (3) competition and
marketing; and (4) public evaluation of the benefits and
costs of innovation. The lessons are applicable to countries
all over the world, at all levels of economic development.
By discussing existing evidence this book proposes incentive
arrangements to accomplish social objectives.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511618871},
Key = {fds238611}
}
@article{fds238851,
Author = {Khwaja, A and Silverman, D and Sloan, F and Wang,
Y},
Title = {Smoking, wealth accumulation and the propensity to
plan},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {94},
Number = {1},
Pages = {96-103},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2006.08.007},
Abstract = {We investigate the relationship between wealth, smoking, and
individual propensities to plan. Planning propensity affects
wealth but not smoking, suggesting that planning is not an
all-purpose skill. Financial planning may draw on different
abilities than those that facilitate smoking cessation. ©
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.econlet.2006.08.007},
Key = {fds238851}
}
@misc{fds238607,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eesley, CE},
Title = {Implementing a public subsidy for vaccines},
Pages = {107-126},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Innovation: Incentives, Competition, and
Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521874908},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618871.007},
Abstract = {Introduction and Overview Judged in terms of the
relationship of benefit to cost, vaccines are among the most
socially valuable public health investments (U.S. Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 1999; Stratton,
Durch, and Lawrence 2000). In spite of some recent
successes, such as increases in immunization rates in the
United States (CDC 2002a, b, 2003), substantial structural
and financial problems remain. In particular, the United
States has recently experienced unprecedented shortages in 8
of the 11 routine childhood vaccines (Georges et al. 2003).
Flu vaccine shortages were experienced in 2000–2002 and
2004 (Cohen 2002; Enserink 2004; Institute of Medicine
2004). Although unique causes have been attributed to each
shortage, a common pattern remains. In the past three
decades, the number of firms producing vaccines for the U.S.
market has decreased. Between 1966 and 1980, more than half
of all commercial vaccine manufacturers stopped producing
vaccines, and the exodus has continued to the present (Cohen
2002). As of early 2004, only five companies produced all
vaccines recommended for routine use by children and adults,
and only three of these were U.S.-based firms. Eight major
vaccine products – including MMR (measles-mumps-rubella),
tetanus, and polio – each had only one supplier (Institute
of Medicine 2004). A long-term shutdown in capacity by any
one of these companies could be a major supply shock, as
occurred with the disruption in supply of flu vaccine from a
Chiron plant in October 2004, which cut the supply of
vaccine to the United States by almost half (Enserink
2004).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511618871.007},
Key = {fds238607}
}
@misc{fds238609,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Conclusions and policy implications},
Pages = {262-278},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Innovation: Incentives, Competition, and
Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521874908},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618871.015},
Abstract = {Introduction This final chapter summarizes key findings and
conclusions of the previous chapters and explores their
policy implications. More specifically, we discuss eight
policy issues that arise as governments seek to promote
pharmaceutical innovation in their countries as well as to
cope with the consequences of such innovation on public and
private budgets, distinguishing between new innovations that
are worth the extra cost from those that are not. The
issues, which have implications for public decision making
ranging from industrial to health policy, are (1) whether or
not a country without a well-developed pharmaceutical sector
can successfully promote developing such a sector with an
industrial policy, (2) strategies for promoting
pharmaceutical innovation, (3) incentives for development
and production of vaccines, (4) public provision of
information on pharmaceutical cost and effectiveness, (5)
policies to promote competition in markets for
pharmaceutical products, (6) differentials in prices of
pharmaceutical products among countries, (7) health benefits
of pharmaceuticals, and (8) how governments cope with
pharmaceutical innovation. Is an Industrial Policy Aimed at
Promoting Development of a Pharmaceutical Industry Likely to
Succeed? Government policy makers wear two hats vis-à-vis
the pharmaceutical sector: (1) seeking to promote economic
growth by increasing national employment and income, key
objectives of industrial policy, and (2) promoting personal
health and life expectancy and averting the spread of
pandemics, key objectives of health policy, the latter being
more likely to succeed as a consequence of the widespread
availability and use of innovative pharmaceutical products
(Sloan and Hsieh, Chapter 1).},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511618871.015},
Key = {fds238609}
}
@misc{fds238610,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Introduction},
Pages = {1-22},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Innovation: Incentives, Competition, and
Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521874908},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618871.002},
Abstract = {Context The pharmaceutical industry serves a dual role in
modern society. On one hand, it is a growing industry, and
its output makes a direct contribution to gross domestic
product (GDP). On the other, prescription drugs, this
industry's major output, are an input in the production of
good health. These products make an important contribution
to the improvement of population health. The purpose of this
book is to investigate public policy issues in
pharmaceutical innovation. In Section II we first describe
the important characteristics of prescription drugs. We
emphasize that these characteristics deviate from the
standard conditions in a competitive market. In Section III
we discuss the current performance of the pharmaceutical
market. In Section IV we investigate market failures that
persist in allocating research and development (R&D)
resources and in the utilization of prescription drugs. In
Section V we analyze the policy conflict between the
economic and health sectors arising from pharmaceutical
innovation. The final section discusses the structure of the
book and the major content of the chapters. Characteristics
of Prescription Drugs Prescription drugs have many complex
characteristics, which, when taken together, have led to
major controversies in public policy arenas, including
pricing, patents, and incentives for research and
development, as well as excess industry profits. Each
characteristic is not unique to pharmaceuticals, but rather
it is the characteristics, taken in combination, that make
the industry unique. Probabilistic Nature of Demand and
Effectiveness Prescription drugs are inputs in the
production of good health.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511618871.002},
Key = {fds238610}
}
@misc{fds70941,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and Chee-Ruey Hsieh},
Title = {"Introduction," Chapter 1 "Policy Implications," Chapter 6
“Implementing a Public Subsidy for Vaccines," Chapter 14
"Conclusions"},
Pages = {1-21, 107-126, 262-277},
Booktitle = {Pharmaceutical Innovation: Incentives, Competition, and
Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70941}
}
@book{fds154127,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and L. Chepke},
Title = {Medical Malpractice},
Editor = {Now Publishers},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds154127}
}
@book{fds341088,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Kozecke, L},
Title = {The Law and Economics of Public Health},
Publisher = {Now Publishers},
Year = {2007},
ISBN = {9781601980748},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0700000020},
Abstract = {The fundamental question addressed by this paper is whether
or not and the extent to which imposing tort liability on
potential injurers improves the public's health.
Conceptually, imposing the threat of litigation on potential
injurers gives them an incentive to exercise more care than
they would absent the threat. While the conclusion might
seem to be obvious at first glance, in reality, the
conclusion is far from obvious. For one, insurance coverage
may blunt incentives to take care. Also, the tort system may
operate far less perfectly than the theory would have it. In
the end, the question must be answered on the basis of
empirical evidence.},
Doi = {10.1561/0700000020},
Key = {fds341088}
}
@article{fds238748,
Author = {Bethel, MA and Sloan, FA and Belsky, D and Feinglos,
MN},
Title = {Longitudinal incidence and prevalence of adverse outcomes of
diabetes mellitus in elderly patients.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {167},
Number = {9},
Pages = {921-927},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17502533},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The natural history of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(DM) in the elderly has not been previously described in a
national longitudinal sample. METHODS: This national
longitudinal analysis (January 1, 1991, to December 31,
2004) examines mortality and morbidity rates in a
representative sample of elderly patients newly diagnosed as
having DM. Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed as having DM in
1994 (n=33,772) were compared with a control group
(n=25,563) regarding death, lower extremity complications,
nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular complications, and
cerebrovascular complications. RESULTS: The DM group had
excess mortality of 9.2% by year 11 compared with the
control group. By 2004, 91.8% of the DM group experienced an
adverse complication compared with 72.0% of the control
group. The DM group had a higher prevalence and incidence of
microvascular and macrovascular complications at all time
points compared with controls. Patients with DM were at
increased risk for all lower extremity complications,
particularly those requiring surgical intervention
(gangrene, debridement, and amputation). Cardiovascular
complications were a leading cause of morbidity, with 57.6%
of the DM group diagnosed as having heart failure compared
with 34.1% of the controls. CONCLUSION: Elderly persons
newly diagnosed as having DM experienced high rates of
complications during 10-year follow-up, far in excess of
elderly persons without this diagnosis, implying a
substantial burden on the individual and on the health care
system.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.167.9.921},
Key = {fds238748}
}
@book{fds315353,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Ostermann, J and Conover, C and Donald H Taylor and J and Picone, G},
Title = {The Price of Smoking},
Volume = {1},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {0-262-69345-3},
Abstract = {What does a pack of cigarettes cost a smoker, the smoker's
family, and society? This longitudinal study on the private
and social costs of smoking calculates that the cost of
smoking to a 24-year-old woman smoker is $86,000 over a
lifetime; for a 24-year-old male smoker the cost is
$183,000. The total social cost of smoking over a
lifetime—including both private costs to the smoker and
costs imposed on others (including second-hand smoke and
costs of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security)—comes to
$106,000 for a woman and $220,000 for a man. The cost per
pack over a lifetime of smoking: almost $40.00. The first
study to quantify the cost of smoking in this way, or in
such depth, this accessible book not only adds a weapon to
the arsenal of antismoking messages but also provides a
framework for assessment that can be applied to other health
behaviors. The findings on the effects of smoking on
Medicare and Medicaid will be surprising and perhaps
controversial, for the authors estimate the costs to be much
lower than the damage awards being paid to 46 states as a
result of the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement.},
Key = {fds315353}
}
@article{fds238706,
Author = {Williams, A and Sloan, FA and Lee, PP},
Title = {Longitudinal rates of cataract surgery.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {124},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1308-1314},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16966626},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the cumulative probability of
cataract surgery and factors accounting for such surgery.
METHODS: Respondents to the Asset and Health Dynamics Among
the Oldest Old survey, a national longitudinal panel, were
interviewed in 1998, 2000, and 2002 to determine whether
they had undergone cataract extraction since the previous
interview (N = 8363 in 1998). Multivariate analysis was used
to identify factors affecting cataract surgery rates.
RESULTS: The annual incidence of cataract surgery from
January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2002, was 7.4%. The
prevalence of unilateral pseudophakia increased from 7.6% in
1998 to 9.8% in 2002; the prevalence of bilateral
pseudophakia increased from 10.5% in 1998 to 22.3% in 2002.
The self-reported vision of persons undergoing cataract
surgery improved related to that of others (a difference of
0.4 on a 9-point scale; P<.001). Black individuals were less
likely to undergo cataract surgery than white individuals
(P<.01). The highest rates of surgery were for persons who
were 65 years or older in 1998. However, persons with
Medicare parts A and B coverage underwent more procedures
than those with primary private employer-based coverage or
the uninsured. CONCLUSIONS: At 5.3%, the cataract surgery
incidence is similar to that given in previous reports.
Persons undergoing cataract surgery more often had low
self-reported vision before surgery, and their vision
improved on average relative to others after
surgery.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.124.9.1308},
Key = {fds238706}
}
@article{fds238850,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Cigarette Taxes and the Master Settlement
Agreement},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {729-739},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ei/cbj045},
Abstract = {In 1998, 46 states and the four major tobacco companies
entered into the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA), which
stipulated that the tobacco companies pay the states $206
billion over the next several years. Mean cigarette excise
taxes rose substantially, nearly 90%, between 1998 and 2002.
The goal of our empirical analysis is to assess whether the
changes in cigarette excise taxes can be attributed to
litigation brought by the states and the resulting
settlements. Using a panel data difference-in-difference
approach, the evidence suggests that litigation increased
excise taxes: state cigarette excise taxes were
approximately $0.10 higher post-MSA. (JEL H2, I1). © 2006
Western Economic Association International.},
Doi = {10.1093/ei/cbj045},
Key = {fds238850}
}
@article{fds238841,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Khwaja, A and Chung, S},
Title = {Individual Expectations and Behaviors: Evidence of the
Relationships between Mortality Expectations and Smoking
Decisions},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {683-699},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238841}
}
@article{fds304436,
Author = {Khwaja, A and Sloan, F and Salm, M},
Title = {Evidence on preferences and subjective beliefs of risk
takers: The case of smokers},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {667-682},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2005.10.001},
Abstract = {One reason that cigarette consumption is highly regulated is
because of the paternalistic view that smokers would not
make rational choices even if fully informed about the
risks. A deficiency of this view is that in the presence of
preference heterogeneity regulating smoking may lead to
smokers finding ways to circumvent the regulations. Though
there is widespread recognition that preference
heterogeneity may exist there is very little documentation
of it. In this study, we provide empirical evidence on the
relationship between smoking status, and time and risk
preference, valuation of health, and subjective beliefs
about future macroeconomic events, using panel data from the
Health and Retirement Study. We find that smokers are more
impatient than nonsmokers and are more pessimistic about
future macroeconomic events, which may reinforce their
present orientation. Smokers are also more risk tolerant.
This suggests that smokers may more willingly bear risk, and
trade off current utility against future costs of smoking.
However, they do not value being in excellent health
differently from others. Our results also suggest that being
more present-oriented and risk tolerant is not caused by
smoking, but represents innate characteristics. An
implication of our results for product regulation is that
restricting access to cigarettes is likely to be
circumvented by smokers through other means. In particular,
our results are consistent with the finding that smokers in
states with higher taxes smoke longer cigarettes that are
also higher in nicotine and tar content. © 2006 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2005.10.001},
Key = {fds304436}
}
@article{fds238708,
Author = {Ukraintseva, S and Sloan, F and Arbeev, K and Yashin,
A},
Title = {Increasing rates of dementia at time of declining mortality
from stroke.},
Journal = {Stroke},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1155-1159},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0039-2499},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000217971.88034.e9},
Abstract = {<h4>Background and purpose</h4>Stroke is associated with
increased risk of dementia. There has been a decline in
mortality from stroke among persons 65 and over in recent
decades in the US. It is not clear, however, how this
process has affected incidence of various
dementias.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated over time changes in
stroke admission rates and survival, and in rates of newly
diagnosed dementias (Alzheimer disease, senile, and
cerebrovascular disease-related dementia) in persons with
and without stroke aged 65 and over, using Medicare
inpatient records, 1984 to 2001, linked to the National
Long-Term Care Survey (about 380,000 person-years
totally).<h4>Results</h4>Age-adjusted stroke rate increased
from 0.0066 to 0.008 (P=0.08) from 1984-1990 to 1991-2001.
One-year survival after stroke improved from 53% in 1984 to
1990 to 65% in 1991 to 1996 (P<0.0001). Age-standardized
rate of diagnosed dementias increased from 0.0062 in 1984 to
1990 to 0.0095 in 1991 to 2000 (P=0.001). Among stroke
patients the rate rose from 0.043 to 0.080. The relative
increase in risk was largest for cerebrovascular
disease-related dementia (3.68). For senile dementia, the
increase was small and not significant. Rates of dementia
among persons without stroke rose mainly attributable to
Alzheimer disease.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Mortality from stroke
declined mainly because of declining stroke case-fatality.
In parallel, the rate of diagnosed dementia increased. The
increase was larger for persons with stroke compared with
stroke-free population. Improved survival from stroke may
contribute to this trend. Other contributing factors may
include better diagnostics, an increased propensity to make
the diagnosis, and increasing dementia risk attributable to
factors other than stroke.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.str.0000217971.88034.e9},
Key = {fds238708}
}
@article{fds238742,
Author = {Reeves, SW and Sloan, FA and Lee, PP and Jaffe, GJ},
Title = {Uveitis in the elderly: epidemiological data from the
National Long-term Care Survey Medicare Cohort.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {113},
Number = {2},
Pages = {307.e1},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16406541},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: There is a paucity of population-based data on the
epidemiology of uveitis in the elderly. In the past 40
years, only 2 U.S. population-based studies have examined
the epidemiology of uveitis. The conclusions of these
studies on the burden of uveitis in the elderly differ
greatly. In this analysis, we use Medicare claims data to
define the population-based incidence and prevalence of
uveitis in the United States elderly population. DESIGN:
Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of 21644 Medicare
beneficiaries drawn for the National Long-term Care Survey,
a random sample of U.S. adults 65 years and older, was
followed up from 1991 through 1999. METHODS: The
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision,
Clinical Modification diagnosis codes specific to uveitis
were queried. To decrease the inclusion of uveitis caused by
surgery, diagnoses occurring within 3 months of intraocular
surgery were excluded. The incidence and prevalence of
uveitis by anatomic location was calculated for each year in
the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The onset of uveitis
during a given year and its presence in subsequent years.
RESULTS: The cumulative yearly incidence of uveitis ranged
from 302/100000 to 424/100000 persons per year and averaged
340.9/100000 persons per year. Anterior uveitis was the most
common form of uveitis in this population, with a mean
incidence of 243.6 cases per 100000 persons per year. The
incidence of posterior uveitis averaged 76.6/100000 and the
incidence of panuveitis/endophthalmitis averaged
41.7/100000. Only 2 cases of intermediate uveitis occurred
during the study period. The cumulative prevalence of
uveitis doubled from 511/100000 in 1991 to 1231/100000 in
1999, with anterior uveitis accounting for most prevalent
cases in every year. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of uveitis in
the elderly is substantial and is higher than previously
thought. Longitudinal analysis of Medicare claims data may
provide a useful tool for monitoring uncommon diseases, such
as uveitis, in the elderly population.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.10.008},
Key = {fds238742}
}
@article{fds238838,
Author = {Chung, S and Khwaja, A and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Learning about Individual Risk and the Decision to
Smoke},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {683-699},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2005.10.004},
Abstract = {We provide empirical evidence about the process according to
which people learn about the risks of cigarette consumption.
We formulate a model of individual learning about the risks
of smoking through information revealed in the form of
health shocks to self and spouse. Exploiting the
longitudinal feature of the Health and Retirement Study, we
examine how the difference in the qualitative nature of the
information about risk, i.e., from personal or non-personal
experiences, affects the learning process. Controlling for
unobserved heterogeneity, we find that individuals update
their subjective survival expectations in response to
information from own health shocks, but not as much in
response to spousal health shocks. Individuals quit smoking
in response to major health shocks but do not respond to
spousal health shocks. Taken together, our results imply
that individuals learn about smoking risks from their own
experiences but not those of their spouses. Our results
suggest that regulations, such as direct limits on cigarette
consumption (e.g., smoking bans in public places) and excise
taxes, are more likely to be effective than antismoking
messages, unless these are designed to be highly
personalized. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2005.10.004},
Key = {fds238838}
}
@misc{fds238608,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Eesley, CE},
Title = {Governments as insurers in professional and hospital
liability insurance markets},
Pages = {291-317},
Booktitle = {Medical Malpractice and the U.S. Health Care
System},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {William Sage and Rogan Kersh},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521849326},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511617836.016},
Abstract = {Insurance issues rarely dominate the front page in public
discussions of medical malpractice. Sharply rising premiums
and nonavailability of coverage1 have been the main
precipitating factors in each medical crisis that has
occurred in the United States in the past three decades.
Whatever longrun trends in claims frequency and amounts paid
per claim may be (“claims severity”), the immediate
causes of premium increases and lack of supply can be found
in the workings of the market for medical malpractice
insurance. Beginning with the rationale for public
provision, this chapter describes the forms such provision
has taken. Some public insurance is designed to mitigate
fluctuations in the insurance cycle, which is characterized
by periodic sharp increases in premiums and reductions in
insurer capacity and availability of insurance to individual
health care providers. This objective is accomplished by
providing coverage for large claims. Other forms of public
insurance focus directly on assuring availability of medical
malpractice insurance through public risk-pooling
arrangements or on protecting policyholders from insurer
bankruptcy. Next, we discuss lessons learned from the
states’ experiences with public provision of medical
malpractice insurance coverage. Although common themes
emerge, some lessons only pertain to a single type of public
insurance. One common theme is moral hazard, including
reducing the potential deterrent effect of tort liability
for health care providers to implement precautions to avoid
injuries. Additionally, because combining public provision
and patient safety may be efficient, we examine the
relationship between public provision and patient safety in
the following section.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511617836.016},
Key = {fds238608}
}
@article{fds238710,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Salm, M and Belsky, D},
Title = {Effects of Major Eye Diseases on Medicare
Costs},
Journal = {American Journal of Ophthalmology},
Volume = {142},
Number = {16},
Pages = {976-982},
Publisher = {Elsevier Masson},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0002-9394},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2006.07.057},
Abstract = {Purpose: To estimate impacts of physician-diagnosed eye
diseases (age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract,
diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma) on Medicare payments in
the periods 1991 to 1995 and 1996 to 2000. Design: A
retrospective cohort study to estimate program payments per
capita and in total for each of the major eye diseases and
the four eye diseases in total. Methods: Data from the 1994
and 1999 National Long-Term Care Survey (NLTCS) and medical
claims to Medicare from 1991 to 2000 were merged with the
NLTCS. Medicare payments for eye-related procedures on
persons with and without major eye diseases as reported on
Medicare claims and self-reported data from NLTCS. Results:
Overall, the burden of major eye diseases was to increase
Medicare spending by $4.8 billion (1999 USD) in 1991 to 1995
and by $4.5 billion in 1996 to 2000. The most expensive eye
disease was cataract, costing Medicare $3.8 billion in 1991
to 1995 and $3 billion in 1996 to 2000. Conclusions:
Prevalence of major eye diseases increased over time, but
the effect of major eye diseases on Medicare payments
decreased, mainly as a result of lower payments for cataract
surgery in the later years. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2006.07.057},
Key = {fds238710}
}
@article{fds238738,
Author = {Ostermann, J and Sloan, FA and Taylor, DH},
Title = {Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the
USA.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {61},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2304-2316},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16139939},
Abstract = {Using the first five waves of the US Health and Retirement
Study, a nationally representative survey of middle-aged
persons in the USA conducted between 1992 and 2000, we
assessed the association between alcohol consumption and
separation and divorce (combined as divorced in the
analysis) for 4589 married couples during up to four
repeated 2-yr follow-up periods. We found that drinking
status was positively correlated between spouses. The
correlations did not increase over the follow-up period.
Discrepancies in alcohol consumption between spouses were
more closely related to the probability of subsequent
divorce than consumption levels per se. Couples with two
abstainers and couples with two heavy drinkers had the
lowest rates of divorce. Couples with one heavy drinker were
most likely to divorce. Controlling for current consumption
levels, a history of problem drinking by either spouse was
not significantly associated with an increased probability
of divorce. Our findings on alcohol use and marital
dissolution were highly robust in alternative
specifications.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.07.021},
Key = {fds238738}
}
@article{fds238744,
Author = {Ostermann, J and Sloan, FA and Herndon, L and Lee,
PP},
Title = {Racial differences in glaucoma care: the longitudinal
pattern of care.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {123},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1693-1698},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16344441},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine if racial differences exist in
longitudinal care patterns for Medicare beneficiaries with
glaucoma. METHODS: We analyzed national longitudinal
Medicare claims data from January 1, 1991, through December
31, 1999 in 21 644 Medicare beneficiaries linked to the
National Long-Term Care Survey. Logistic regression was used
to predict whether a person underwent an eye examination or
eye surgery during the year, and negative binomial
regression was used to predict the number of eye
examinations and surgical procedures for glaucoma per year.
Annual use of eye examinations was nearly identical for
black persons (1.85 per year) and white persons (1.89 per
year), whereas surgery rates were higher among blacks (0.15)
than whites (0.08, P<.001). RESULTS: Blacks were more likely
than whites to have glaucoma diagnosed, but rates among
whites were higher than in prior population-based studies.
When we controlled for other factors, blacks were not
significantly less likely to undergo eye examination during
the year; however, blacks were 78% more likely to undergo
surgery (P < .001) and had 76% higher rates of surgical
procedures (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: No systematic pattern
was found of underuse among blacks relative to whites after
glaucoma diagnosis. Higher rates of surgery among blacks may
indicate delayed onset of care and/or greater disease
severity.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.123.12.1693},
Key = {fds238744}
}
@article{fds238704,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Picone, G and Brown, DS and Lee, PP},
Title = {Longitudinal analysis of the relationship between regular
eye examinations and changes in visual and functional
status.},
Journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc},
Volume = {53},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1867-1874},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16274366},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine whether regular eye examinations
are associated with a greater or lesser rate of loss of
ability to read newsprint, onset of blindness or low vision,
or onset of limitations in instrumental activities of daily
living (IADLs) and activities of daily living (ADLs).
DESIGN: A sample of 14,215 Medicare beneficiaries observed
between 1994 and 1999 linked to the 1994 and 1999 National
Long-Term Care Surveys (NLTCS). Effects of annual
examinations were assessed using instrumental variables.
SETTING: The Medicare-linked NLTCS is representative of U.S.
elderly persons from 1994 to 1999. PARTICIPANTS:
Longitudinal observational study of persons aged 65 and
older. MEASUREMENTS: Change in self-reported and
provider-reported vision and change in functional
limitations associated with vision related to the number of
years with eye examinations and other factors. RESULTS:
Persons with more-regular eye examinations between 1994 and
1998 were less likely to have experienced a decline in
vision or in functional status between 1994 and 1999. On
average, an additional year with an eye examination was
associated with a decrease in the probability of becoming
unable to read newsprint of 0.12 (P=.03), a lower
probability of onset of low vision or blindness of 0.009
(P=.06), and a decrease in the probability that the number
of functional limitations increased of 0.13 (P=.002) for
IADLs and 0.05 (P=.003) for ADLs. CONCLUSION: Elderly
persons who have regular eye examinations experience less
decline in vision and functional status.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53560.x},
Key = {fds238704}
}
@article{fds238737,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Ostermann, J and Brown, DS and Lee,
PP},
Title = {Effects of changes in self-reported vision on cognitive,
affective, and functional status and living arrangements
among the elderly.},
Journal = {Am J Ophthalmol},
Volume = {140},
Number = {4},
Pages = {618-627},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-9394},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16226514},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To study effects of changes in self-reported vision
on functional status, cognition, depressive symptoms, and
living arrangements. DESIGN: Longitudinal analysis of
household survey data. METHODS: A total of 6234 sample
persons observed in the study of Assets and Health Dynamics
Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) 1995 were followed in 1998,
2000, and 2002 or until death or sample attrition. Effects
of changes in self-reported vision and other factors were
assessed by means of ordinary least-squares and logistic
regression with panel data methods. Main outcome measures
were limitations of instrumental activities of daily living
(IADLs), activities of daily living (ADLs), and other,
cognition, depressive symptoms, and living arrangements.
RESULTS: A decline from excellent/good vision to fair/poor
near and distance vision had statistically significant
effects on several IADL limitations, and some ADL and other
limitations. Largest effects were for driving (OR for no
limitation: 0.55, P = .003), managing money (OR: 0.61, P <
.001), and preparing hot meals (OR: 0.61, P < .001). Onset
of fair-poor near vision increased the likelihood of onset
of at least one IADL (OR for no limitation: 0.71, P < .01)
and ADL (OR: 0.74, P = .003) limitation. Onset of legal
blindness resulted in a 78% increase in the likelihood of an
IADL limitation (OR for no limitation: 0.22, P < .001).
Effects of vision declines on cognition and depressive
symptoms were statistically significant but small. Decline
in vision increased the probability of nursing home
residence. CONCLUSIONS: Visual impairment has major impacts
on functional status. Preventing vision loss is likely to
appreciably improve the functioning of elderly
persons.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2005.01.019},
Key = {fds238737}
}
@article{fds238703,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Wang, J},
Title = {Disparities among older adults in measures of cognitive
function by race or ethnicity.},
Journal = {J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {P242-P250},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1079-5014},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16131618},
Abstract = {This study examined racial or ethnic differences in
cognitive function, cross-sectionally and longitudinally,
using survey data from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among
the Oldest Old. A version of the Telephone Interview for
Cognitive Status (TICS), proxy assessments of cognition, and
difficulties in performing daily tasks were assessed. Blacks
performed below Whites on the TICS at baseline and on proxy
assessments of cognition. TICS score declined with age for
Whites and Blacks, with some relative gains for Blacks. At
baseline, Blacks more often had difficulties in performing
daily tasks, with some increase in difficulties relative to
Whites with age. Differences between other groups and Whites
were smaller than those between Blacks and
Whites.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronb/60.5.p242},
Key = {fds238703}
}
@article{fds238857,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Carlisle, ES and Rattliff, JR and Trogdon,
J},
Title = {Determinants of states' allocations of the master settlement
agreement payments.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {643-686},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16318165},
Abstract = {To determine which factors influence states' allocation
decisions for the tobacco Master Settlement Agreement and
the four individual settlements' annual payments, including
the decision to securitize, we analyzed the effects of voter
characteristics, political parties, interest groups, prior
spending on public tobacco control programs, and state
fiscal health on per capita settlement funds allocated to
tobacco-control, health, and other programs.
Tobacco-producing states and those with high proportions of
conservative Democrats or elderly, black, Hispanic, or
wealthy people tended to spend less on tobacco control.
Education and medical lobbies had strong positive influences
on per capita allocations for tobacco-control and
health-related programs. State fiscal crises affected
amounts spent by states from settlement funds as well as the
probability of securitizing future cash flows from the
settlements.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-30-4-643},
Key = {fds238857}
}
@article{fds238702,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Rattliff, JR and Hall, MA},
Title = {Impacts of managed care patient protection laws on health
services utilization and patient satisfaction with
care.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {647-667},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15960684},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To assess effects of patient protection
laws implemented by the vast majority of states during the
1990s on the public's satisfaction and trust relating to
health care, and on key utilization measures.<h4>Data
sources/study setting</h4>Measures of individuals' health
care utilization and satisfaction, and control variables,
came from three waves of the Community Tracking Study (CTS)
Household Surveys conducted in 1996-1997, 1998-1999, and
2000-2001. The CTS was conducted in 60 randomly selected
communities, throughout the U.S. In addition, a supplemental
national sample of households from CTS was also included,
resulting in a combined sample with cases from 48 states and
the District of Columbia. After applying exclusion
restrictions, the analysis sample was 149,688
adults.<h4>Study design</h4>Using a fixed-effects
methodology, we assessed the influence of patient protection
laws on satisfaction with care and utilization of services
for the entire sample and for subsamples of persons in poor
health, with low income, and who were enrolled in
HMOs.<h4>Data collection/extraction methods</h4>One of the
authors (Hall) compiled relevant laws in all U.S. states
through 2001 from primary legal sources, checking for
accuracy by conducting independent research on statutory
changes and by asking three to five regulators in each state
to verify that the information was correct.<h4>Principal
findings</h4>Overall, patient protection laws had little or
no effect on either trust, satisfaction with care, or
utilization. Significance was found postenactment of a state
patient protection law only for emergency room visits in the
general sample, and only for physician trust in the
low-income sample. Because of the number of possible
associations examined, occasional findings of significance
could occur by chance.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Enactment of
managed care patient protection laws did not generally
increase utilization of health services or improve patient
satisfaction with care.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00378.x},
Key = {fds238702}
}
@article{fds238699,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Allsbrook, JS and Madre, LK and Masselink, LE and Mathews,
CA},
Title = {States' allocations of funds from the tobacco master
settlement agreement.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {220-227},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-2715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647233},
Abstract = {This study assesses six states' allocation decisions for
funds from tobacco settlement agreements, using information
from newspaper articles and other public sources. State
allocation decisions were diverse; substantial shares were
allocated to areas other than tobacco control and health,
including capital projects and budget shortfalls. The
allocations did not reflect the stated goals of the lawsuits
leading to the settlements. This outcome reflects a lack of
strong advocacy from public health interest groups, an
unreliable public constituency for tobacco control, and
inconsistent support from state executive and legislative
branches, all combined with sizable budget deficits that
provided competing uses for settlement funds.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.24.1.220},
Key = {fds238699}
}
@article{fds238856,
Author = {Trogdon, FASWJG and Mathews, C},
Title = {Litigation and the Value of Tobacco Companies},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economices},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {427-447},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15811537},
Abstract = {This study determines how the recent wave of litigation
affected returns and systematic risk in the tobacco
industry. We test for changes in stock prices coinciding
with litigation announcements using a difference-in-difference
event study methodology. Unfavorable information concerning
litigation reduced tobacco returns. We find a decline in
systematic risk as traditionally measured by the covariance
between industry returns and returns to a diversified
(efficient) portfolio. This decline may imply a substantial
decline in the cost of equity capital of at least 2.2% after
the period of litigation, which we attribute to common cost
shocks experienced by the companies participating in the
Master Settlement Agreement combined with the oligopolistic
structure of the industry.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.09.009},
Key = {fds238856}
}
@article{fds238698,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Mathews, CA and Trogdon, JG},
Title = {Impacts of the Master Settlement Agreement on the tobacco
industry.},
Journal = {Tobacco control},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {356-361},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15564618},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To assess effects of the Master Settlement
Agreement (MSA) and the four individual state settlements on
tobacco company decisions and performance.<h4>Design</h4>10-K
reports filed with the US Securities and Exchange
Commission, firm and daily data from the Center for Research
in Security Prices, stock price indices, market share and
advertising data, cigarette export and domestic consumption
data, and newspaper articles were used to assess changes
before (1990-98) and after (1999-2002) the MSA was
implemented.<h4>Subjects</h4>Five major tobacco
manufacturers in the USA.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>Stockholder returns, operating performance of
defendant companies, exports, market share of the original
participants in the MSA, and advertising/promotion
expenditures.<h4>Results</h4>Returns to investments in the
tobacco industry exceeded returns from investments in
securities of other companies, using each of four indexes as
comparators. Domestic tobacco revenues increased during
1999-2002 from pre-MSA levels. Profits from domestic sales
rose from levels prevailing immediately before the MSA.
There is no indication that the MSA caused an increase in
tobacco exports. Total market share of the original
participating manufacturers in the MSA decreased. Total
advertising expenditures by the tobacco companies increased
at a higher rate than the 1990-98 trend during 1999-2002,
but total advertising expenditures net of spending on
coupons and promotions decreased.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The
experience during the post-MSA period demonstrates that the
MSA did no major harm to the companies. Some features of the
MSA appear to have increased company value and
profitability.},
Doi = {10.1136/tc.2003.007229},
Key = {fds238698}
}
@article{fds238700,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Berman, S and Rosenbaum, S and Chalk, RA and Giffin,
RB},
Title = {The fragility of the U.S. vaccine supply.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {351},
Number = {23},
Pages = {2443-2447},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15575064},
Doi = {10.1056/nejmsb033394},
Key = {fds238700}
}
@article{fds315389,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Matthews, CA and Conover, CJ and Sage,
WM},
Title = {Public Medical Malpractice Insurance: An Analysis of
State-Operated Patient Compensation Funds},
Journal = {DePaul Law Review},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {247-276},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds315389}
}
@article{fds238697,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Brown, DS and Carlisle, ES and Picone, GA and Lee,
PP},
Title = {Monitoring visual status: why patients do or do not comply
with practice guidelines.},
Journal = {Health Serv Res},
Volume = {39},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1429-1448},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0017-9124},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15333116},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine factors affecting compliance with
guidelines for annual eye examinations for persons diagnosed
with diabetes mellitus (DM) or age-related macular
degeneration (ARMD). DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: Nationally
representative, longitudinal sample of individuals 65+ drawn
from the National Long-Term Care Survey (NLTCS) with linked
Medicare claims records from 1991 to 1999. STUDY DESIGN:
Medicare beneficiaries were followed from 1991 to 1999,
unless mortality intervened. All claims data were analyzed
for presence of ICD-9 codes indicating diagnosis of DM or
ARMD and the performance of eye exams. The dependent
variable was a binary indicator for whether a person had an
eye exam or not during a 15-month period. Independent
variables for demographics, living conditions, supplemental
insurance, income, and other factors affecting the marginal
cost and benefit of an eye exam were assessed to determine
reasons for noncompliance. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION
METHODS: Panel data were created from claims files,
1991-1999, merged with data from the NLTCS. PRINCIPAL
FINDINGS: The probability of having an exam reflected
perceived benefits, which vary by patient characteristics
(e.g., education, no dementia), and factors associated with
the ease of visit. African Americans were much less likely
to be examined than were whites. CONCLUSIONS: Having an exam
reflects multiple factors. However, much of the variation in
the probability of an exam remained unexplained as were
reasons for the racial differences in use.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-6773.2004.00297.x},
Key = {fds238697}
}
@article{fds238855,
Author = {Picone, GA and Sloan, F and Trogdon, JG},
Title = {The effect of the tobacco settlement and smoking bans on
alcohol consumption.},
Journal = {Health economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1063-1080},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.930},
Abstract = {In the last few years, the price of cigarettes has increased
considerably in the USA. In addition, a number of states
have also imposed smoking bans. These increases in the cost
and barriers to smoking have created a natural experiment to
study relationships between smoking and drinking behaviors.
In this study, we employ data from the first six waves of
the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) to analyze the
effects of smoking bans and cigarette prices on alcohol
consumption. We also test if past cigarette and alcohol
consumption affect current alcohol consumption as predicted
by co-addiction models. We estimate dynamic panel models
using GMM estimators. Our approach allows us to obtain
consistent estimates irrespective of the number of time
periods. The three main findings of this study are: (1)
there is positive reinforcement effect of past cigarette
consumption on current alcohol consumption, (2) smoking bans
reduce alcohol consumption and (3) there is a positive
effect of cigarette prices on alcohol consumption.},
Doi = {10.1002/hec.930},
Key = {fds238855}
}
@article{fds238696,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Trogdon, JG},
Title = {The impact of the Master Settlement Agreement on cigarette
consumption.},
Journal = {Journal of policy analysis and management : [the journal of
the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management]},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {843-855},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15499706},
Abstract = {In 1998, 46 states and the four major tobacco companies
signed the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA), which
stipulated that the tobacco companies pay states $206
billion over 25 years and take steps to reduce youth
smoking. The remaining states settled separately. We sought
to determine the effect of the settlements on demand for
cigarettes. Using a nationwide sample from 1990 to 2002, we
estimated a model of the decision to smoke cigarettes. The
settlements affected smoking primarily through price
increases for cigarettes, although there was evidence that
other policy instruments influenced smoking rates for
younger smokers. By 2002, the settlements had reduced
overall smoking rates by 13 percent for ages 18 to 20 and
older than 65 and 5 percent for ages 21 to
64.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.20050},
Key = {fds238696}
}
@article{fds238751,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA and Doraiswamy, PM},
Title = {Marked increase in Alzheimer's disease identified in
medicare claims records between 1991 and
1999.},
Journal = {J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci},
Volume = {59},
Number = {7},
Pages = {762-766},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1079-5006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15304542},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that African
Americans have higher rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) than
do whites. Examining longitudinal trends in the number of
persons who are identified as having AD in administrative
databases may provide insights into this phenomenon.
METHODS: We analyzed 9-year longitudinal data (1991-1999)
for 29,679 Medicare beneficiaries who were screened for the
National Long-Term Care Survey. Cases of AD were identified
using ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes from Medicare claims files.
RESULTS: Age-adjusted rates of Medicare beneficiaries
identified as having AD rose from 1991-1999 for all groups
studied, but particularly among African Americans. In 1991,
African Americans made up 6.5% of the identified AD cases
but comprised 11.0% of cases in 1999 (X(2) = 6.79, p =.005).
The rate of increase in identification of AD was
particularly large for women who were aged 85 years and
older. CONCLUSIONS: Reasons for increased identification of
AD in Medicare claims is likely multifactorial; sharp
increases among African Americans may reflect improved
access.},
Doi = {10.1093/gerona/59.7.m762},
Key = {fds238751}
}
@article{fds238815,
Author = {Liang, L and Sloan, FA and Stout, EM},
Title = {Precaution, compensation, and threats of sanction: The case
of alcohol servers},
Journal = {International Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-70},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2004.03.004},
Abstract = {This study used data from a national sample of bar owners or
managers and employees at these establishments to look at
the following issues. To what extent does the imposition of
liability affect employees' incentive to take care? Do
various liability rules affect employees' serving practices?
And does how the employees were paid make a difference?
Employees received higher pay when they engaged in serving
practices that may lead to driving under the influence of
alcohol (DUI), but pay did not increase when they engaged in
behavior that may decrease DUI. Employees were less likely
to engage in irresponsible behaviors when the perceived
threat of a lawsuit by the owner/manager was relatively
high. However, tort liability only affected some forms of
precautionary behaviors. Based on our analysis,
administrative and criminal law overall appears to be
ineffective deterrents. The deterrent effects of lawsuits
may also diminish when alcohol servers are mostly paid
through tips. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.irle.2004.03.004},
Key = {fds238815}
}
@article{fds238755,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Trogdon, JG and Curtis, LH and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {The effect of dementia on outcomes and process of care for
Medicare beneficiaries admitted with acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc},
Volume = {52},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-181},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14728624},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine differences in mortality after
admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in use
of noninvasive and invasive treatments for AMI between
patients with and without dementia. DESIGN: Retrospective
chart review. SETTING: Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.
PATIENTS: Medicare patients admitted for AMI (N=129,092) in
1994 and 1995. MEASUREMENTS: Dementia noted on medical chart
as history of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, chronic
confusion, or senility. Outcome measures included mortality
at 30 days and 1-year postadmission; use of aspirin,
beta-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor,
thrombolytic therapy, cardiac catheterization, coronary
angioplasty, and cardiac bypass surgery compared by dementia
status. RESULTS: Dementia was associated with higher
mortality at 30 days (relative risk (RR)=1.16, 95%
confidence interval (CI)=1.09-1.22) and at 1-year
postadmission (RR=1.18, 95% CI=1.13-1.23). There were few to
no differences in the use of aspirin and beta-blockers
between patients with and without a history of dementia.
Patients with a history of dementia were less likely to
receive ACE inhibitors during the stay (RR=0.89, 95%
CI=0.86-0.93) or at discharge (RR=0.90, 95% CI=0.86-0.95),
thrombolytic therapy (RR=0.82, 95% CI=0.74-0.90),
catheterization (RR=0.51, 95% CI=0.47-0.55), coronary
angioplasty (RR=0.58, 95% CI=0.51-0.66), and cardiac bypass
surgery (RR=0.41, 95% CI=0.33-0.50) than patients without a
history of dementia. CONCLUSION: The results imply that the
presence of dementia had a major effect on mortality and
care patterns for this condition.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52052.x},
Key = {fds238755}
}
@article{fds238736,
Author = {Ostermann, J and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The effect of heavy drinking on social security old-age and
survivors insurance contributions and benefits.},
Journal = {The Milbank quarterly},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3},
Pages = {507-546},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0887-378X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15330975},
Abstract = {This article estimates the effects of heavy alcohol
consumption on Social Security Old-Age and Survivor
Insurance (OASI) contributions and benefits. The analysis
accounts for differential earnings and mortality experiences
of individuals with different alcohol consumption patterns
and controls for other characteristics, including smoking.
Relative to moderate drinkers, heavy drinkers receive fewer
OASI benefits relative to their contributions. Ironically,
for each cohort of 25-year-olds, eliminating heavy drinking
costs the program an additional $3 billion over the cohort's
lifetime. Public health campaigns are designed to improve
individual health-relevant behaviors and, in the long run,
increase longevity. Therefore, if programs for the elderly
are structured as longevity-independent defined benefit
programs, their success will reward healthier behaviors but
increase these programs' outlays and worsen their financial
condition.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0887-378x.2004.00320.x},
Key = {fds238736}
}
@article{fds238853,
Author = {Picone, G and Sloan, F and Taylor, D},
Title = {Effects of risk and time preference and expected longevity
on demand for medical tests},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-53},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:RISK.0000009435.11390.23},
Abstract = {Despite their conceptual importance, the effects of time
preference, expected longevity, uncertainty, and risk
aversion on behavior have not been analyzed empirically. We
use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to
assess the role of risk and time preference, expected
longevity, and education on demand for three measures used
for early detection of breast and cervical cancer-regular
breast self-exams, mammograms, and Pap smears. We find that
individuals with a higher life expectancy and lower time
preference are more likely to undergo cancer screening. Less
risk averse individuals tend to be more likely to undergo
testing.},
Doi = {10.1023/B:RISK.0000009435.11390.23},
Key = {fds238853}
}
@book{fds46377,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and J. Ostermann and G. Picone and C. Conover and D.H. Taylor, Jr.},
Title = {The Price of Smoking},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds46377}
}
@misc{fds46417,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and Jan Ostermann and Derek S. Brown},
Title = {The Rising Cost of Medicare and Improvements in Survival and
Functioning Among the U.S. Elderly, 1985-2000},
Volume = {8},
Booktitle = {Frontiers in Health Policy Research},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press},
Editor = {David M. Cutler and Alan Garber},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds46417}
}
@misc{fds21536,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and R. Elnicki},
Title = {Determinants of Professional Nurses' Wages},
Pages = {217-254},
Booktitle = {Research in Health Economics},
Publisher = {Greenwich, CT: JAI Press},
Editor = {R. Scheffler},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds21536}
}
@article{fds238854,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Picone, G and Brown, D and Lee, P},
Title = {Do Routine Eye Exams Improve Vision?},
Journal = {International Journal of Health Care Finance and
Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {issue 1},
Pages = {43-63},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {We use a longitudinal national sample of Medicare claims
linked to the National Long-Term Care Survey (NLTCS) to
assess the productivity of routine eye examinations.
Although such exams are widely recommended by professional
organizations for certain populations, there is limited
empirical evidence on the productivity of such care. We
measure two outcomes, the ability to continue reading, and
no onset of blindness or low vision, accounting for
potential endogeneity of frequency of eye exams. Using
instrumental variables, we find a statistically significant
and beneficial effect of routine eye exams for both
outcomes. Marginal effects for reading ability are large,
but decline in the number of years with eye exams. Effects
for blindness/low vision are smaller for the general elderly
population, but larger for persons with diabetes.
Instrumental variables provide a useful approach for
assessing the productivity of particular interventions,
particularly in situations in which randomized controlled
trials are expensive or perhaps unethical and difficult to
conduct over a lengthy time period.},
Key = {fds238854}
}
@article{fds325278,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Bethel, MA and Lee, PP and Brown, DS and Feinglos,
MN},
Title = {Adherence to guidelines and its effects on hospitalizations
with complications of type 2 diabetes.},
Journal = {Rev Diabet Stud},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-38},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1900/RDS.2004.1.29},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To study the discrepancy between actual and
recommended rates of use among several measures of screening
for complications of diabetes in a national longitudinal
sample, the correlations among measures of adherence, and
whether or not higher rates of adherence reduce
hospitalizations for complications of diabetes. The key
study hypothesis was that lack of adherence to professional
recommendations for diabetes care leads to adverse health
outcomes for elderly persons. METHODS: Administrative claims
and survey data for 1994-1999 on a nationally representative
sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65+. Principal
components analysis and instrumental variables probit
regression methods were used. RESULTS: Most Medicare
beneficiaries diagnosed with type 2 diabetes had at least
one physician visit per year, but rates of screening (eye
examinations and HbA1c, lipid, microalbumin and urine tests)
fell far short of recommendations. Correlations among use
rates for various types of screening were positive but far
less than one, suggesting that failure to screen reflects a
complex set of underlying factors. Increased rates of
adherence were observed for HbA1c and lipid testing over the
observation period. Higher use was associated with lower
rates of hospitalization for complications of diabetes
(vascular (p=0.007), renal (p=0.002), and other complication
(p=0.005)). CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to guidelines was
associated with significantly reduced rates of
hospitalization. Continued analysis of the trends in
clinical practice is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness
of standardized guidelines for the care of patients with
diabetes.},
Doi = {10.1900/RDS.2004.1.29},
Key = {fds325278}
}
@article{fds238734,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Brown, DS and Carlisle, ES and Ostermann, J and Lee,
PP},
Title = {Estimates of incidence rates with longitudinal claims
data.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {121},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1462-1468},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14557184},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To estimate incidence rates of the 3 major
chronic eye diseases--diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma,
and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD)--by using
longitudinal claims data from Medicare. METHODS:
Longitudinal cases were ascertained by using a national
probability sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years
and older in 1991 who initially had none of the eye diseases
documented. After adjusting for death and enrollment in a
health maintenance organization, claims filed by
optometrists or ophthalmologists with an International
Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical
Modification code for all forms of DR, glaucoma, and ARMD
were used to indicate diagnosis. RESULTS: Annual incidence
rates for the 3 conditions after the first year of
observation ranged from 14.3% to 17.7% (higher earlier)
across an 8-year longitudinal follow-up. Incidence rates
among those with diabetes mellitus for any form of DR varied
between 3.8% and 6.5%, while those for glaucoma varied
between 4.6% and 7.8% and those for ARMD varied between 7.5%
and 9.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal claims data after the
first year provide relatively stable estimates of incidence
rates on an annual basis. These estimates are comparable
with those of the few population-based studies
available.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.121.10.1462},
Key = {fds238734}
}
@article{fds238735,
Author = {Lee, PP and Feldman, ZW and Ostermann, J and Brown, DS and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Longitudinal rates of annual eye examinations of persons
with diabetes and chronic eye diseases.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {110},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1952-1959},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14522771},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the rate of annual eye examinations
over time among older Americans with diabetes and chronic
eye diseases. DESIGN: Longitudinal analysis of Medicare
claims data. PARTICIPANTS: Random sample of Medicare
beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. METHODS: Beneficiaries
were followed between 1991 and 1999, unless mortality or
enrollment in a health maintenance organization for > 6
months in a given 12-month period intervened. All claims
data (both physician and facility) during this time were
analyzed for the presence of International Classification of
Diseases 9 codes consistent with 1 of the 3 study conditions
and the performance of eye examinations. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: Claims submitted by optometrists,
ophthalmologists, or other providers of eye care for
subjects with diabetes, glaucoma, or age-related macular
degeneration (ARMD). Rates were calculated on the basis of a
15-month time window for annual examinations rather than for
12 months to allow for less than full compliance with the
guidelines for various reasons (e.g., bad weather). RESULTS:
Among those with diabetes in this population, 50% to 60% had
annual eye examinations in a 15-month period. Of those
followed for at least 75 months after diagnosis, about three
quarters had one or more 15-month gaps between visits. For
subjects diagnosed with glaucoma, most visit rates were in
the 70% to 90% range per 15-month period. The percentage of
subjects with at least one 15-month period with no visits
was considerably lower than for diabetes. The patterns for
those with ARMD were in between those for diabetes and
glaucoma. Over a nine-year period, only slightly over half
of persons with at least one of the study conditions
complied with practice guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Annual eye
examinations for persons diagnosed with diabetes, glaucoma,
and ARMD are important for detecting potentially treatable
vision loss among those already diagnosed with these
conditions. Currently, actual rates of eye examinations for
persons diagnosed with the study conditions fall far short
of recommended rates. As such, approaches to enhancing
longitudinal follow-up of those already in the eye care
system are needed.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00817-0},
Key = {fds238735}
}
@article{fds238754,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Trogdon, JG and Curtis, LH and Schulman,
KA},
Title = {Does the ownership of the admitting hospital make a
difference? Outcomes and process of care of Medicare
beneficiaries admitted with acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Med Care},
Volume = {41},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1193-1205},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14515115},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Concerns have been expressed about quality of
for-profit hospitals and their use of expensive
technologies. OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in
mortality after admission for acute myocardial infarction
(AMI) and in the use of low- and high-tech services for AMI
among for-profit, public, and private nonprofit hospitals.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Cooperative
Cardiovascular Project data for 129,092 Medicare patients
admitted for AMI from 1994 to 1995. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Mortality at 30 days and 1 year postadmission; use of
aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors,
beta-blockers at discharge, thrombolytic therapy,
catheterization, percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty (PTCA), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
compared by ownership. RESULTS: Mortality rates at 30 days
and at 1 year at for-profit hospitals were no different from
those at public and private nonprofit hospitals. Without
patient illness variables, nonprofit hospitals had lower
mortality rates at 30 days (relative risk [RR], 0.95; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.99) and at 1 year (RR,
0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.99) than did for-profit hospitals, but
there was no difference in mortality between public and
for-profit hospitals. Beneficiaries at nonprofit hospitals
were more likely to receive aspirin (RR, 1.04; 95% CI,
1.03-1.05) and ACE inhibitors (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08)
than at for-profit hospitals, but had lower rates of PTCA
(RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.96) and CABG (RR, 0.93; 95% CI,
0.86-1.00). CONCLUSIONS: Although outcomes did not vary by
ownership, for-profit hospitals were more likely to use
expensive, high-tech procedures. This pattern appears to be
the result of for-profit hospitals' propensity to locate in
areas with demand for high-tech care for
AMI.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.MLR.0000088569.50763.15},
Key = {fds238754}
}
@article{fds238733,
Author = {Lee, PP and Feldman, ZW and Ostermann, J and Brown, DS and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Longitudinal prevalence of major eye diseases.},
Journal = {Arch Ophthalmol},
Volume = {121},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1303-1310},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-9950},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12963614},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence across time of 3
chronic eye diseases among a representative cohort of
elderly subjects. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal observation of
Medicare claims. Population A random sample of Medicare
beneficiaries 65 years and older, nationally representative
at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Diagnosis of diabetic
retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration.
METHODS: Beneficiaries were followed from 1991 to 1999
unless mortality or enrollment in a health maintenance
organization for 6 or more months in a year intervened.
Claims data were analyzed for the presence of codes from the
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision,
Clinical Modification, indicating 1 of the 3 conditions.
Transitions between severity stages were also evaluated.
RESULTS: Of 20 325 beneficiaries in 1991, 10 476 were
available for analysis in 1999. The prevalence of diabetes
mellitus increased from 14.5% in 1991 to 25.6% by 1999, with
diabetic retinopathy among persons with diabetes mellitus
increasing from 6.9% to 17.4%. Primary open-angle glaucoma
increased from 4.6% to 13.8%. The percentage of glaucoma
suspects increased from 1.5% to 6.5%, as did the percentage
of narrow-angle glaucoma (0.7%-2.7%). The prevalence of
age-related macular degeneration increased from 5.0% to
27.1%. Overall, the proportion of subjects with at least 1
of these 3 diseases increased from 13.4% to 45.4%.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical diagnosis of major chronic eye
diseases associated with aging increased dramatically in a
longitudinal sample. At the end of 9 years, nearly half of
the surviving Medicare beneficiaries had at least 1 of these
diseases.},
Doi = {10.1001/archopht.121.9.1303},
Key = {fds238733}
}
@article{fds238694,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Limiting damages for "pain and suffering" in medical
malpractice.},
Journal = {North Carolina medical journal},
Volume = {64},
Number = {4},
Pages = {191-194},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238694}
}
@article{fds238732,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Ostermann, J},
Title = {Rates of return from hospital conversions.},
Journal = {Health care management review},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-117},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0361-6274},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12744448},
Abstract = {This article presents information on the rates of return
obtained by purchasers of U.S. hospitals since the mid
1980s. The key hypothesis tested in this study was whether
for-profit acquirers are able to purchase hospitals at
below-market prices. We test the hypothesis by comparing
internal rates of return to an estimate of the weighted cost
of capital for all for-profit hospitals in the year the
transaction occurred.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004010-200304000-00003},
Key = {fds238732}
}
@article{fds238759,
Author = {Anderson, RA and Allred, CA and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effect of hospital conversion on organizational decision
making and service coordination.},
Journal = {Health care management review},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-154},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0361-6274},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12744450},
Abstract = {This study looks into the "black box" of hospital ownership
conversion in a "natural experiment." We posed two competing
theories about how conversion might influence management
practices. Results support complexity theory and not
threat-rigidity theory. As predicted from complexity theory,
MDs and RNs had greater levels of participation and
influence over final decision choices in converted hospitals
than in nonconverted hospitals.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004010-200304000-00005},
Key = {fds238759}
}
@article{fds238924,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Ostermann, J},
Title = {Antecedents of Changes in Hospital Conversions},
Journal = {Inquiry},
Volume = {40},
Pages = {25-42},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238924}
}
@article{fds238692,
Author = {Picone, GA and Sloan, FA and Chou, SY and Taylor,
DH},
Title = {Does higher hospital cost imply higher quality of
care?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {85},
Number = {1},
Pages = {51-62},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2122 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study investigates whether higher input use per stay in
the hospital (treatment intensity) and longer length of stay
improve outcomes of care. We allow for endogeneity of
intensity and length of stay by estimating a
quasi-maximum-likelihood discrete factor model, where the
distribution of the unmeasured variable is modeled using a
discrete distribution. Data on elderly persons come from
several waves of the National Long-Term Care Survey merged
with Medicare claims data for 1984-1995 and the National
Death Index. We find that higher intensity improves patient
survival and some dimensions of functional status among
those who survive.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465303762687703},
Key = {fds238692}
}
@article{fds238743,
Author = {Hoenig, H and Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Does assistive technology substitute for personal assistance
among the disabled elderly?},
Journal = {Am J Public Health},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {330-337},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12554595},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether use of equipment
(technological assistance) to cope with disability was
associated with use of fewer hours of help from another
person (personal assistance). METHODS: In a cross-sectional
study of 2368 community dwellers older than 65 years with 1
or more limitations in basic activities of daily living
(ADLs) from the 1994 National Long Term Care Survey, the
relation between technological assistance and personal
assistance was examined. RESULTS: Among people with ADL
limitations, multivariate models showed a strong and
consistent relation between technological assistance and
personal assistance, whereby use of equipment was associated
with fewer hours of help. CONCLUSIONS: Among people with
disability, use of assistive technology was associated with
use of fewer hours of personal assistance.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.93.2.330},
Key = {fds238743}
}
@misc{fds21498,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Smoking Cessation and Lifestyle Changes},
Volume = {6},
Booktitle = {Frontiers in Health Policy Research},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: MIT Press},
Editor = {Alan M. Garber},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds21498}
}
@book{fds325895,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Smith, VK and D H Taylor and J},
Title = {The Smoking Puzzle: Information, Risk Perception, and
Choice},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds325895}
}
@article{fds238920,
Author = {Perreira, KM and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Living healthy and living long: Valuing the nonpecuniary
loss from disability and death},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-29},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013234309490},
Abstract = {This analysis uses three valuation approaches - risk-risk
tradeoff, paired risk-dollar comparison, and utility
function estimation - to estimate the nonpecuniary cost
associated with disability in late life. In addition, we
obtain an estimate of the value of life using a paired
risk-dollar comparison. The data were obtained from
interviews with 548 persons using an iterative computerized
questionnaire. Respondents reported a median value of life
of $12 million. They were willing-to-pay .7-1.4 million to
avoid disability in late life or approximately $47-$95
thousand for each year of disability over age 62. The
results were robust to the valuation technique
employed.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1013234309490},
Key = {fds238920}
}
@article{fds238922,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Smith, VK and Taylor, DH},
Title = {Information, addiction, and 'bad choices': Lessons from a
century of cigarettes},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {147-155},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(02)00134-9},
Abstract = {This study describes government interventions during the
1900s and their effects on cigarette consumption within a
rational addiction framework. With annual data for the 20th
century, impacts of specific antismoking information events
disappear. U.S. per capita cigarette demand changed before
any information about health effects of smoking was widely
distributed. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0165-1765(02)00134-9},
Key = {fds238922}
}
@article{fds238923,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Zhang, H and Wang, J},
Title = {Upstream Intergenerational Transfers},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {363-380},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1061677},
Abstract = {This study analyzes upstream intergenerational transfers
from middle-aged children to their elderly parents. We
formulate a model in which the middle-aged child transfers
both money and time to an elderly parent based on an
altruistic motive. We examine substitution between financial
transfers and time transfers using data from the Health and
Retirement Study (HRS). Empirical results support the
assumption that upstream transfers are motivated by
altruism, particularly financial transfers. Parents
financially worse off than their middle-aged children
receive more money. They are more likely to live nearby if
not coresident. Overall, the results for time transfers
provide weaker support for our model than financial
transfers. A child with a high wage tends to transfer money
rather than time, suggesting that the two types of transfers
are partial substitutes.},
Doi = {10.2307/1061677},
Key = {fds238923}
}
@article{fds238746,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Hasselblad, V and Henley, SJ and Thun, MJ and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Benefits of smoking cessation for longevity. (vol 92, pg
990, 2002)},
Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH},
Volume = {92},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1389-1389},
Publisher = {AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds238746}
}
@article{fds238806,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Mah, ML and Rankin,
PJ},
Title = {Impact of medicaid managed care on utilization of obstetric
care: evidence from TennCare's early years.},
Journal = {South Med J},
Volume = {95},
Number = {8},
Pages = {811-821},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0038-4348},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12190214},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: TennCare expanded Medicaid coverage,
substituting managed care for fee-for-service reimbursement
in Tennessee. METHODS: To study effects of TennCare on
utilization of obstetric care (office visits, prenatal
tests, care at labor/delivery), we used a before (1993) and
after (1995) design with North Carolina as a control state.
Data came from interviews with women with various forms of
insurance, delivering in 1993 or 1995 in both states.
Multivariate logistic analysis was used to control for other
utilization determinants (eg, demographic factors). RESULTS:
TennCare women were only 38% as likely to have initiated
prenatal care during the first trimester as those with
traditional Medicaid. Ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein
testing rates were higher for TennCare women, and the
cesarean section rate was equivalent. However, access to
care remained lower for TennCare than for the privately
insured women. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, relative to traditional
Medicaid, TennCare did not adversely affect access to
obstetric care during the program's early
years.},
Key = {fds238806}
}
@article{fds238691,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Taylor, DH},
Title = {Effect of Alzheimer disease on the cost of treating other
diseases.},
Journal = {Alzheimer disease and associated disorders},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {137-143},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0893-0341},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12218643},
Abstract = {The authors' objective is to determine the effect of
diagnosed Alzheimer disease (AD) on cost to Medicare of
treating other diseases. Using the 1994 National Long-Term
Care Survey merged with Medicare claims and death data, the
authors assessed the relative cost to Medicare of covering
beneficiaries over 1994-1995 with diagnosed AD relative to
other elderly population. They focused on hospitalizations
during 1994-1995 for hip fracture, stroke, coronary heart
disease, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia. The
authors determined whether differences in Medicare payments
by AD status mainly reflected differences in rates of
occurrence of hospitalizations for the five primary
diagnoses, other primary diagnoses, or death during
1994-1995 or in spending given the adverse events. During
1994-1995, an average of $15,700 was spent by Medicare, per
person, for those with diagnosed AD, nearly twice the amount
spent on others. The difference in Medicare payments was
attributable to more adverse events occurring to AD group.
Such persons had higher death rates than other elderly
population (odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 1.07-1.62), higher hospitalization rates for hip
fracture (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.34-2.87), stroke (OR, 1.71;
95% CI, 1.10-2.68), pneumonia (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.07-1.99),
and for other reasons than the five conditions (OR, 1.65;
95% CI, 1.38-1.98), but they also had lower hospitalization
rates for the cardiac diseases. There were no differences in
Medicare payments according to AD diagnosis, controlling for
frequency of deaths, hospitalizations, and other factors.
Persons with diagnosed AD cost Medicare more because of more
adverse health events rather than in intensity of care,
given event occurrence.},
Doi = {10.1097/00002093-200207000-00002},
Key = {fds238691}
}
@article{fds238745,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Hasselblad, V and Henley, SJ and Thun, MJ and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Benefits of smoking cessation for longevity.},
Journal = {Am J Public Health},
Volume = {92},
Number = {6},
Pages = {990-996},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12036794},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study determined the life extension
obtained from stopping smoking at various ages. METHODS: We
estimated the relation between smoking and mortality among
877,243 respondents to the Cancer Prevention Study II. These
estimates were applied to the 1990 US census population to
examine the longevity benefits of smoking cessation.
RESULTS: Life expectancy among smokers who quit at age 35
exceeded that of continuing smokers by 6.9 to 8.5 years for
men and 6.1 to 7.7 years for women. Smokers who quit at
younger ages realized greater life extensions. However, even
those who quit much later in life gained some benefits:
among smokers who quit at age 65 years, men gained 1.4 to
2.0 years of life, and women gained 2.7 to 3.7 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Stopping smoking as early as possible is
important, but cessation at any age provides meaningful life
extensions.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.92.6.990},
Key = {fds238745}
}
@article{fds238807,
Author = {Perreira, KM and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Excess alcohol consumption and health outcomes: a 6-year
follow-up of men over age 50 from the health and retirement
study.},
Journal = {Addiction (Abingdon, England)},
Volume = {97},
Number = {3},
Pages = {301-310},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0965-2140},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00067.x},
Abstract = {<h4>Aims</h4>This study examined the association of problem
drinking history and alcohol consumption with the onset of
several health conditions and death over a 6-year follow-up
period.<h4>Setting</h4>We analyzed two waves of longitudinal
data on men over 50 who participated in the Health and
Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of
people aged 51-61 and their spouses living in the United
States in 1992.<h4>Measurements</h4>Five types of health
outcomes--mortality, general health, functional status,
cognitive status, and mental health--were examined. Drinking
categories were based on average drinks per day (0, <1, 1-2,
3-4, 5+), with 5 + defined as 'very heavy drinking'. Problem
drinking history was identified as 2+ affirmative responses
to the CAGE questionnaire. We controlled for smoking and
other factors at baseline.<h4>Findings</h4>Over the 6-year
follow-up period, very heavy drinking at baseline quadrupled
the risk of developing functional impairments (OR: 4.21 95%,
CI: 1.67, 10.61). A problem drinking history increased the
onset of depression (OR: 1.67 95% CI: 1.02, 2.74),
psychiatric problems (OR: 2.15 95% CI: 1.47, 3.13) and
memory problems (OR: 1.71 95% CI: 1.14, 2.56). Heavy
drinking among mature adults was not associated with
increased incidence of other adverse health events (i.e.
angina, cancer, congestive heart failure, diabetes,
myocardial infraction, lung disease or stroke).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Very
heavy drinking and a problem drinking history greatly
increased rates of onset of functional impairments,
psychiatric problems and memory loss in late middle age for
men who had not experienced these impairments at their
initial interview.},
Doi = {10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00067.x},
Key = {fds238807}
}
@misc{fds21500,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D. Taylor and G. Picone and M.
Wilson},
Title = {Is Rehabilitation Following an Acute Hospital Stay
Productive? Evidence from Elderly Patients in the United
States},
Pages = {85-110},
Booktitle = {The Economics of Health Care in Asia-Pacific
Countries},
Publisher = {Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited},
Editor = {Tei Weh Hu and Chee Ruey Hsieh},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds21500}
}
@article{fds238921,
Author = {Picone, G and Chou, SY and Sloan, F},
Title = {Are for-profit hospital conversions harmful to patients and
to Medicare?},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {507-523},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2632 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine how changes in hospital ownership to and from
for-profit status affect quality and Medicare payments per
hospital stay. We hypothesize that hospitals converting to
for-profit ownership boost postacquisition profitability by
reducing dimensions of quality not readily observed by
patients and by raising prices. We find that 1-2 years after
conversion to for-profit status, mortality of patients,
which is difficult for outsiders to monitor, increases while
hospital profitability rises markedly and staffing
decreases. Thereafter, the decline in quality is much lower.
A similar decline in quality is not observed after hospitals
switch from for-profit to government or private nonprofit
status.},
Doi = {10.2307/3087470},
Key = {fds238921}
}
@article{fds315340,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hall, MA},
Title = {Market Failures and the Evolution of State Regulation of
Managed Care},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {169-206},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {In response to widespread dissatisfaction with managed care,
states have enacted numerous statutes, known as managed care
patient protection laws, that address concerns of consumers
and medical care providers. These laws include (in various
combinations): (1) liability and external review provisions,
(2) increasing choice of and access to providers, (3)
protecting providers from undue influence, and (4) setting
general coverage standards and specific coverage mandates.
These laws are now well understood in terms of political
responses to public and interest group concerns, but what is
less well understood are justifications for managed care
regulation in terms of well articulated market failures.
Also lacking is an examination of how well legal enactments
and enforcement activities respond to market failure theory.
Accordingly, this article has two distinct parts: A detailed
analysis of the market failures that managed care patient
protection laws attempt to correct. And, a report of a
50-state survey of state managed care protection laws and
their enforcement. We conclude that, while there are some
deficiencies in managed care markets as they are constituted
currently, overall the patient protection laws are not well
designed to address many of the most important deficiencies
since few of these laws address the fundamental source of
these market flaws. At most, many of these laws attempt to
treat only some of the symptoms of market defects. However,
these laws are not being neglected by enforcement agencies.
Enforcement activities are evident in most states, and the
variation in enforcement relates to legitimate differences
in legal, market and agency conditions.},
Key = {fds315340}
}
@article{fds325939,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gottfried, J},
Title = {The Quality of Managed Care: Evidence from the Medical
Literature},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems : a Quarterly Published by the
Duke University, School of Law},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {103-137},
Publisher = {Duke University School of Law},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds325939}
}
@article{fds238814,
Author = {Conover, CJ and Rankin, PJ and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effects of Tennessee Medicaid managed care on obstetrical
care and birth outcomes.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {26},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1291-1324},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11831581},
Abstract = {A comparative study was conducted in two neighboring states,
Tennessee and North Carolina, to determine whether Medicaid
managed care (implemented in Tennessee as TennCare) affected
prenatal care, care patterns at labor-delivery, and birth
outcomes. A pre- and post-design coupled with a
difference-in-difference approach--using North Carolina as a
control--was used to assess TennCare's effects for all
births and for three categories of high-risk mothers (under
age eighteen, unwed, or living in high poverty areas). Data
from 328,296 singleton births in birth files and matched
birth-death files for 1993 and 1995 in both states were used
to analyze a number of variables related to maternal
behavior during pregnancy, utilization of care before and
after labor-delivery, patterns of obstetrical care at
delivery, and birth outcomes. Under TennCare, Tennessee
mothers were relatively more likely to obtain no prenatal
care or to wait and initiate third trimester care as
compared to those in North Carolina. Relative utilization of
specific prenatal procedures declined, Apgar scores fell
very slightly, and birth abnormalities increased in the
poverty subsample. TennCare had no significant effect on
infant mortality. Utilization reductions in obstetrical
services were achieved with apparent spillovers to
non-TennCare births, but without adverse effects overall.
TennCare was neither a panacea nor an unmitigated disaster.
It is a model worth examining, but not uncritically.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-26-6-1291},
Key = {fds238814}
}
@article{fds238918,
Author = {Smith, VK and Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA and Johnson, FR and Desvousges,
WH},
Title = {Do smokers respond to health shocks?},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {675-687},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2127 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper reports the first effort to use data to evaluate
how new information, acquired through exogenous health
shocks, affects people's longevity expectations. We find
that smokers react differently to health shocks than do
those who quit smoking or never smoked. These differences,
together with insights from qualitative research conducted
along with the statistical analysis, suggest specific
changes in the health warnings used to reduce smoking. Our
specific focus is on how current smokers responded to health
information in comparison to former smokers and nonsmokers.
The three groups use significantly different updating rules
to revise their assessments about longevity. The most
significant finding of our study documents that smokers
differ from persons who do not smoke in how information
influences their personal longevity expectations. When
smokers experience smoking-related health shocks, they
interpret this information as reducing their chances of
living to age 75 or more. Our estimated models imply smokers
update their longevity expec-tations more dramatically than
either former smokers or those who never smoked. Smokers are
thus assigning a larger risk equivalent to these shocks.
They do not react comparably to general health shocks,
implying that specific information about smoking-related
health events is most likely to cause them to update
beliefs. It remains to be evaluated whether messages can be
designed that focus on the link between smoking and health
outcomes in ways that will have comparable effects on
smokers' risk perceptions.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465301753237759},
Key = {fds238918}
}
@article{fds238919,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Arrow's concept of the health care consumer: a forty-year
retrospective.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {899-911},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11765270},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-26-5-899},
Key = {fds238919}
}
@article{fds238689,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Schenkman, M and Zhou, J and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {The relative effect of Alzheimer's disease and related
dementias, disability, and comorbidities on cost of care for
elderly persons.},
Journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological
sciences and social sciences},
Volume = {56},
Number = {5},
Pages = {S285-S293},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1079-5014},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11522810},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>Our primary objectives were (a) to
determine the relative impact of Alzheimer's disease and
related dementias (ADRD), disability, and common comorbid
health conditions on the cost of caring for
community-dwelling elderly person and (b) to determine
whether ADRD serves as an effect modifier for the effect of
disability and common comorbidities on costs.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants
were drawn from community respondents to the 1994 National
Long Term Care Survey. The authors compared total cost of
caring for persons without ADRD with that of those who had
moderate and severe ADRD. Using regression analysis, the
author identified the adjusted effect of ADRD, limitations
in activities of daily living (ADLs), and common
comorbidities on total costs.<h4>Results</h4>Persons with
severe ADRD had higher median total costs ($10,234) than did
persons with moderate ADRD ($4,318) and those without ADRD
($2,268, p <.001). However, disability measured by ADL
limitations was a more important predictor of total cost
than was ADRD status in both stratified and multivariate
analyses. Comorbidities such as heart attack, stroke, and
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease also increased costs.
Severe ADRD was an effect modifier for ADL limitations,
increasing the positive impact of disability on total costs
among persons with severe ADRD, but not for
comorbidities.<h4>Discussion</h4>Disability, severe ADRD,
and comorbidity all had independent effects that increased
total costs. Thus, any risk adjustment procedure should
account for disability and comorbidity and not just ADRD
status.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronb/56.5.s285},
Key = {fds238689}
}
@article{fds238688,
Author = {Perreira, KM and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Life events and alcohol consumption among mature adults: a
longitudinal analysis.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol},
Volume = {62},
Number = {4},
Pages = {501-508},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2001.62.501},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>Four waves of the Health and Retirement
Study were used to examine changes in alcohol consumption
co-occurring and following stress associated with major
health, family and employment events.<h4>Method</h4>The
final sample consisted of 7,731 (3,907 male) individuals
between the ages of 51 and 61 at baseline. We used
multinomial logit analysis to study associations between
important life events and changes in alcohol consumption
over a 6-year study period. Interactions between stressful
life events, gender and problem drinking were also
evaluated.<h4>Results</h4>Most persons (68%) did not change
their use of alcohol over the entire 6 years.
Hospitalization and onset of a chronic condition were
associated with decreased drinking levels. Retirement was
associated with increased drinking. Widowhood was associated
with increased drinking but only for a short time. Getting
married or divorced was associated with both increases and
decreases in drinking, with a complex lag structure. A
history of problem drinking influenced the association
between certain life events (e.g., divorce and retirement)
and changes in drinking. Gender modified the association
between losing a spouse and changes in drinking.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Even
after controlling for problem drinking history, social
support and coping skills, changes in drinking behavior were
related to several life events occurring over a 6-year
period for a national cohort of individuals in late
middle-age. The magnitude of these relationships, however,
varied by gender and problem drinking history.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsa.2001.62.501},
Key = {fds238688}
}
@article{fds315344,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Healthy markets? The new competition in health
care},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {52},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1919-1919},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000168506500014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00323-3},
Key = {fds315344}
}
@article{fds238752,
Author = {Gan, T and Sloan, F and Dear, GDL and El-Moalem, HE and Lubarsky,
DA},
Title = {How much are patients willing to pay to avoid postoperative
nausea and vomiting?},
Journal = {Anesth Analg},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {393-400},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200102000-00022},
Abstract = {Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are unpleasant
experiences. However, there is no drug that is completely
effective in preventing PONV. Whereas cost effectiveness
analyses rely on specific health outcomes (e.g., years of
life saved), cost-benefit analyses assess the cost and
benefit of medical therapy in terms of dollars. We
hypothesized that patients were willing to pay for a
hypothetical new drug that would eliminate PONV. Eighty
elective day surgical patients using general anesthesia
participated in the study. After their recovery in the
postanesthetic care unit, they were asked to complete an
interactive computer questionnaire on demographics, the
value of avoiding PONV, and their willingness to pay for an
antiemetic. Patients were willing to pay US$56
(US$26--US$97; median, 25%--75%) for an antiemetic that
would completely prevent PONV. Patients who developed nausea
(n = 21; 26%) and vomiting (n = 9; 11%) were willing to pay
US$73 (US$44--US$110) and $100 (US$61--US$200; median,
25%--75%), respectively (P < 0.05). Seventy-six percent of
patients considered avoiding postoperative nausea and 78% of
patients considered avoiding vomiting as important (> or =
50 mm on a 0--100-mm visual analog scale). Nausea or
vomiting in the postanesthetic care unit, greater patient
income, previous history of PONV, more importance placed on
avoiding nausea and vomiting, increasing age, and being
married are independent covariates that increase the
willingness to pay estimates. Patients associated a value
with the avoidance of PONV and were willing to pay between
US$56 and US$100 for a completely effective
antiemetic.},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-200102000-00022},
Key = {fds238752}
}
@article{fds238730,
Author = {Ostermann, J and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effects of alcohol consumption on disability among the near
elderly: a longitudinal analysis.},
Journal = {The Milbank quarterly},
Volume = {79},
Number = {4},
Pages = {487-iii},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0887-378X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11789115},
Abstract = {Data from four waves of the Health and Retirement Study are
used to analyze the effects of alcohol use on disability,
mortality, and income transfers from public programs.
Cross-sectional analysis reveals a complex relationship,
with a history of problem drinking clearly leading to higher
rates of limitations, and a nonmonotonic relationship
between current drinking and disability. In longitudinal
analysis, problem drinking was predictive of disability
onset, but not of transfer receipt or mortality. Heavy
drinkers and problem drinkers, if anything, were less likely
to receive public income support than abstainers or moderate
drinkers. The likelihood that heavy drinkers received public
transfers did not decrease relative to others following
statutory changes in 1996 that sought to limit eligibility
of alcoholics and drug abusers.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0009.00219},
Key = {fds238730}
}
@article{fds238805,
Author = {Danzon, P and Sloan, F},
Title = {Comments on "the assault on managed care: vicarious
liability, ERISA preemption, and class actions"},
Journal = {Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2 PART II},
Pages = {661},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342339},
Abstract = {Managed care organizations (MCOs), as insurance entities,
should be liable under contract for inappropriate denial of
coverage, whereas treatment errors should be conventional
malpractice claims against physicians. Most MCOs are loose
networks of independent practices that lack the requisite
information or technology to improve care. Holding such MCOs
vicariously liable for their physicians' negligence would
lead to increased "false positive" claims and distort
deterrence. Integrated MCOs already contractually assume
responsibility for the negligence of their salaried
physicians, which appears to be efficient. Maintaining the
distinction between medical error and coverage denial
requires that treatment decisions be evaluated relative to a
standard of care that recognizes common MCO control
strategies. Class actions against MCOs are based on the
false premise that MCO cost control strategies harm
patients. Charges that enrollees were led to expect more
coverage than they actually received imply, if true, that
HMOs should have realized supernormal profits, for which
there is no evidence.},
Doi = {10.1086/342339},
Key = {fds238805}
}
@article{fds238917,
Author = {Smith, VK and Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Longevity expectations and death: Can people predict their
own demise?},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1126-1134},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1855 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.91.4.1126},
Key = {fds238917}
}
@misc{fds21504,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {The German Health Care System: An American Economist's
Perspective},
Pages = {177-81},
Booktitle = {Gesundheitssysteme am Scheideweg: Zwischen Wettbewerb and
Solidaritaet},
Publisher = {Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft},
Editor = {Klaus-Dirk Henke and Christian Draeger},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds21504}
}
@misc{fds21505,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and G. Picone},
Title = {How Costly Are Smokers to Medicare?},
Pages = {241-55},
Booktitle = {Private Versicherung und Soziale Sicherung: Festschrift zum
60. Geburtstag von Roland Eisen},
Publisher = {Marburg: Metropolis Verlag},
Editor = {Hans-Christian Mager and Henry Schäferm and Klaus
Schrüfer},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds21505}
}
@misc{fds21506,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and V.K. Smith and D. Taylor},
Title = {Are Smokers Too Optimistic?},
Pages = {103-33},
Booktitle = {The Economic Analysis of Substance Use and Abuse: The
Experience of Developed Countries and Lessons for Developing
Countries},
Publisher = {Cheltenham: UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited},
Editor = {Michael Grossman and Chee-Ruey Hsieh},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds21506}
}
@misc{fds21507,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {How Costly Are Smokers to Other People? Longitudinal
Evidence on the Near Elderly},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {1-29},
Booktitle = {Frontiers in Health Policy Research},
Publisher = {Cambridge, MA: MIT Press},
Editor = {Alan M. Garber},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds21507}
}
@article{fds238916,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Picone, GA and Taylor Jr and DH and Chou,
SY},
Title = {Hospital Ownership and Cost and Quality of Care: Is there a
Dime's Worth of Difference?},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-21},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11148866},
Abstract = {Nonprofit organizations may predominate when output quality
is difficult to monitor. Hospital care has this
characteristic. This study compared program cost and quality
of care for Medicare patients hospitalized following onset
of four common conditions by hospital ownership. Payments on
behalf of Medicare patients admitted to for-profit hospitals
during the first 6 months following a health shock were
higher than for those admitted to other hospitals. With
quality measured in terms of survival, changes in functional
and cognitive status, and living arrangements, we found no
differences in outcomes by hospital ownership.},
Key = {fds238916}
}
@article{fds315388,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hoenig, H and Taylor, D},
Title = {Assistive Technology is Associated with Reduced Use of
Personal Assistance among Disabled Older
Persons},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {S13-A14},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds315388}
}
@misc{fds238684,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Chapter 21 Not-for-profit ownership and hospital
behavior},
Volume = {1},
Number = {PART B},
Pages = {1141-1174},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Health Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444504715},
ISSN = {1574-0064},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80034-7},
Abstract = {The for-profit hospital is in the minority numerically in
all developed countries. Although the for-profits' market
share has been quite stable for decades, for-profit chains
have grown in share and influence in the United States. By
contrast, for-profit chains have made few inroads in other
countries. The literature on hospital ownership addresses
three fundamental questions. First, why do private
not-for-profit organizations dominate the hospital industry?
Second, how do private not-for-profits differ from
for-profits in their behavior? Third, is the private
not-for-profit form more efficient in this industry? The
main difference between for-profit and private
not-for-profit organizations is in the distribution of
accounting profit. The latter do not distribute profits to
equity holders and enjoy some competitive advantages,
including tax exemptions and the ability to receive private
donations. Various reasons for why the not-for-profit form
is dominant are explored. Reasons involve: transactions
costs of various ownership forms; fiduciary relationships
between patients and providers; public goods; implicit and
explicit subsidies; inertia; cartelization; and lack of
profit opportunities. The review concludes that there is
merit in an number of explanations, but no single
explanation works perfectly. Certainly the transactions cost
of various ownership forms must provide a partial
explanation for observed patterns of hospital ownership.
There is a rich empirical literature on hospital behavior.
This chapter discusses comparative evidence by hospital
ownership form on hospital cost, profitability, pricing and
cost-shifting, uncompensated care, diffusion of technology,
quality of care, and hospital capital funds and investment.
In recent years, changes in hospital ownership have been
common in the United States. Changes have occurred in all
directions - from private not-for-profit to for-profit and
the reverse, for example. Comparing hospital behavior before
and after the conversion, the fact that a hospital converted
seems to be more important than the type of ownership change
that occurred. As competition among hospitals increases,
differences in behavior among hospitals with different
ownership forms should narrow. Privately owned hospitals in
the U.S. were more alike than different. Private
not-for-profit hospitals will have less latitude than
previously to produce outputs they deem to be socially
worthy. The chapter ends with the author's agenda for future
research. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80034-7},
Key = {fds238684}
}
@book{fds325940,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Stout, E and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Liang,
L},
Title = {Drinkers, Drivers, and Bartenders Balancing Private Choices
and Public Accountability},
Pages = {293 pages},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2000},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9780226762807},
Key = {fds325940}
}
@article{fds238686,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Sloan, FA},
Title = {How much do persons with Alzheimer's disease cost
Medicare?},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {48},
Number = {6},
Pages = {639-646},
Year = {2000},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10855599},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Medicare claims are increasingly being
used to identify persons with chronic diseases such as
Alzheimer's disease (AD) for the purpose of determining the
cost to Medicare of caring for such persons. Past work has
been limited by the use of only 1 or 2 years of claims data
to identify cases, leading to worries that this might lead
to an undercount of prevalent cases and bias cost
findings.<h4>Objectives</h4>To analyze the average total
cost to the Medicare program in 1994 of persons with a
claims-based diagnosis of AD, using a 12-year period of
claims history to identify prevalent cases, and to
investigate the effect on cost of time since
diagnosis.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-sectional design with a
12-year retrospective period to identify persons with
AD.<h4>Setting</h4>Medical care practices, hospitals, and
other providers of services to Medicare beneficiaries in the
US in 1994.<h4>Subjects</h4>Respondents to the screener (n =
10,858) and community (5429) and institutional (n = 1341)
questionnaire of the 1994 National Long Term Care Survey,
with and without a claims-based diagnosis of
AD.<h4>Measurements</h4>Average total cost to Medicare in
1994, measured as the actual amount Medicare paid for
inpatient, outpatient, home health, skilled nursing
facility, hospice, and Part B services, including payments
to physicians, and other items such as durable medical
equipment. We also measured disability in a variety of ways,
including cognition, activity limitations, and residence in
a nursing home.<h4>Results</h4>The average total cost to
Medicare of persons with a claims-based diagnosis of AD was
$6021 versus $2310 (P < .001) for persons without a
diagnosis. When adjusting for patient characteristics, the
ratio of cost between persons with AD and those without was
reduced to about 1.6 to 1. Time since diagnosis was an
important predictor of average total cost in 1994, with each
additional year since diagnosis resulting in a $248 (P =
.04) decrease in total cost (about 10% of the total sample
mean cost of $2426). There was mixed evidence that persons
with a diagnosis of AD incurred less cost than otherwise
similarly disabled Medicare beneficiaries.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Time
since diagnosis with AD is an important predictor of cost
and one that should be explicitly included in any
rate-setting formula. Expanding the period used to identify
cases resulted in an increase in the unadjusted ratio of
cost of a Medicare beneficiary with AD relative to one
without primarily because our control group costs are lower
compared with those of past work.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04721.x},
Key = {fds238686}
}
@article{fds238685,
Author = {Stout, EM and Sloan, FA and Liang, L and Davies, HH},
Title = {Reducing harmful alcohol-related behaviors: effective
regulatory methods.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {402-412},
Year = {2000},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0096-882X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10807211},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>This article examines the effects of tort
liability, criminal law, administrative regulation, price
and availability of alcohol, and personal and state
characteristics on the decisions to engage in heavy episodic
drinking and to drink and drive.<h4>Method</h4>Individual
behavior data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveys
(1984-95) were used in a logit analysis of the probability
that a respondent engaged in heavy episodic drinking (n =
86,273), drinking and driving (n = 87,087) and drinking and
driving if also a heavy episodic drinker (n =
22,261).<h4>Results</h4>Imposing tort liability on bars
reduced self-reported incidents of drunk driving among all
drinkers (p = .043) but did not reduce the probability of
heavy episodic drinking or drinking and driving among heavy
drinkers. In this first national study of the impact of
social host liability, we found that such liability lowered
the self-reported probability of heavy episodic drinking (p
= .0004) and drinking and driving among all drinkers (p =
.0005).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Although several criminal and
administrative regulations were also effective in reducing
heavy episodic drinking and drunk driving, the imposition of
tort liability represents a useful addition to the arsenal
of alcohol-control policies.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsa.2000.61.402},
Key = {fds238685}
}
@article{fds238683,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Rankin, PJ and Whellan, DJ and Conover,
CJ},
Title = {Medicaid, managed care, and the care of patients
hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {139},
Number = {4},
Pages = {567-576},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10740136},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>TennCare, beginning in January 1994,
channeled all Medicaid-eligible patients into managed care
while expanding Medicaid coverage to large numbers of
previously uninsured patients. We assessed the impact of
TennCare on (1) coronary revascularization of patients who
had had an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), (2) the
likelihood of the patient having a usual provider of care
after discharge from the hospital, and (3) health and
functional status 1 to 3 years after the index
AMI.<h4>Methods and results</h4>With the use of 1996 to 1997
survey data from 438 patients hospitalized for AMI in 1993
and 1995 who were under age 65 years at the index admission,
multivariate analysis was used to calculate effects of
TennCare on utilization and outcomes. TennCare patients were
as likely as privately insured patients to have received
coronary revascularization within 30 days of the index AMI
(odds ratio 0.87, P =.69). Persons enrolled in TennCare and
in traditional Medicaid who received a revascularization
procedure were much less likely to have received coronary
angioplasty than coronary bypass surgery than were the
privately insured (TennCare: odds ratio 0.37, P =.05;
Medicaid: odds ratio 0.28, P =.08). Virtually all TennCare
enrollees (94%) reported having a usual provider of care in
the year before the survey versus 85% for privately insured
patients with AMI in 1995 (P =.05). On health and functional
status, TennCare enrollees overall fared as well as those
with private insurance.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our results
suggest that TennCare brought patients who otherwise would
have been uninsured or enrolled in Medicaid into the medical
mainstream, measured both in terms of utilization of
services and health and functional status.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-8703(00)90032-2},
Key = {fds238683}
}
@article{fds238681,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Stout, EM and Liang, L and Whetten-Goldstein,
K},
Title = {Liability, risk perceptions, and precautions at
bars},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {473-501},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2584 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Are state laws, regulatory practices, and allocation of
public resources for enforcement reflected in perceptions by
bar owners/managers that they will be cited or sued if they
fail to exercise care? Among policies, which ones have the
greatest impact on risk perceptions and, in turn, on such
behaviors? We used data on laws, law enforcement, and
regulations in the same areas as the bars to determine risk
perceptions of bar owners/managers of threats of being sued
or cited if they were to serve minors or obviously
intoxicated adults. We found that many of the laws and
regulations related systematically to risk perceptions of
bar owners/managers. This was particularly true of tort.
Precautionary measures were more likely to be taken by
owners/managers when the risk was perceived to be
high.},
Doi = {10.1086/467463},
Key = {fds238681}
}
@article{fds238682,
Author = {Blumstein, JF and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Health Care Reform Through Medicaid Managed Care: Tennessee
(TennCare) as a Case Study and a Paradigm},
Journal = {Vanderbilt Law Review},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {125-XII},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {TennCare is a Medicaid demonstration project that allows
Tennessee to require all Medicaid beneficiaries to secure
medical care through a mandatory managed care system.
Enrolles contract with private managed care organizations
("MCOs"), which are responsible for organizing a network of
care providers and delivering medical care to covered
beneficiaries. Driven by rapidly escalating Medicaid costs,
TennCare's mandatory managed care program has succeeded in
saving money for the state in its Medicaid program. To
secure the federal waiver that allowed the program to
proceed, the state included non-Medicaid-eligible uninsured
and uninsurable residents as TennCare beneficiaries. Federal
matching funds accrue for all TennCare expenditures,
including those for non-Medicaid-eligible enrollees, but
federal matching is subject to a global cap. Cost savings
from managed care were to pay for the improved access. The
program covers about 1.3 million persons, 38% of whom are
nonMedicaid-eligibles. The Medicaid component of TennCare
has been stable, but the non-Medicaid-eligible TennCare
population has risen by about 41% in the last two fiscal
years, stressing the fiscal capacity of the program. The
Article provides background on the development of TennCare,
describing the political effect of the federal matching
(cooperative federalism) aspect of TennCare on both
state-level and federal-level decisionmaking. The Article
identifies what it describes as the political moral hazard
dimensions of these federal-state partnerships on state
political decisionmaking and the correlative lock-in effect
of the program on the state. Federal matching funds make
program enhancement appealing and make cutbacks extremely
painful. The interaction of state and federal program
incentives is considered in depth, and both the state
responses (use of private funding and provider-focused
taxation) and federal responses (limits on federal matching
for those sources of state revenue) to these incentives are
described and analyzed. The Article considers and analyzes
elements of TennCare's design and implementation from a
legal and policy perspective. It concludes that, in contrast
to the contemporaneous Clinton Administration plan for
improved access, TennCare's design demonstrated the triumph
of pragmatism over ideology. It focused on reform of
Medicaid rather than comprehensively encompassing the entire
health care market; it adopted a pluralistic rather than a
unitary approach; and, at least nominally, it adopted a
standard of adequacy rather than equality in defining the
scope of the public's obligation to TennCare beneficiaries.
Because the 1997 Balanced Budget Act allows states to adopt
mandatory managed care for Medicaid, TennCare's managed care
features can be replicated by other states without the need
for a waiver. Finally, the Article reports on empirical
findings about such issues as quality of care, hospital
profitability, and patient and physician satisfaction. The
Article concludes that quality of care, in general, has not
suffered, that patient satisfaction has been good, that
physician participation rates in the program exceed those of
the pre-existing Medicaid program, that hospital capacity
has been decreasing at levels above the national average,
that hospital profitability overall has not suffered, but
that levels of physician satisfaction are very
low.},
Key = {fds238682}
}
@article{fds238729,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Provenzale, D},
Title = {Hospital credentialing and quality of care.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {50},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-88},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10622696},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of
hospital credentialing standards on surgical outcomes for
selected procedures. The study used hospital credentialing
practices from a 1996 survey of North Carolina community
hospitals, with surgical outcomes derived from a statewide
database of inpatient surgical discharges in 1995. Hospital
mortality, complications and elevated lengths of stay were
used as outcome indicators in an analysis of 6 surgical
procedures. Multivariate logit analysis was used to
calculate the effects of hospital credentialing stringency
and nine credentialing practices on outcomes, controlling
for patient demographic characteristics, type of admission,
severity of illness and hospital characteristics. Teaching
hospitals adopted more stringent credentialing practices,
with almost no difference between metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan nonteaching facilities in their use of
various credentialing policies. Surgical outcomes typically
were not related to stringency of the hospital credentialing
environment. Generally, the effect of specific practices was
inconsistent (associated with improved outcomes for certain
procedures and significantly worse outcomes for others) or
counterintuitive (showing worse outcomes for selected
surgical procedures where effects were statistically
significant). More stringent hospital credentialing does not
appear likely to improve patient outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0277-9536(99)00269-5},
Key = {fds238729}
}
@misc{fds315345,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Taylor, DH and Conover, CJ},
Title = {Hospital conversions - Is the purchase price too
low?},
Journal = {CHANGING HOSPITAL INDUSTRY},
Pages = {13-44},
Booktitle = {The Changing Hospital Industry: Comparing Not-for-Profit and
For-Profit Institutions},
Publisher = {UNIV CHICAGO PRESS},
Editor = {Cutler, DM},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0-226-13219-6},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000166345700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315345}
}
@misc{fds21508,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Not for Profit Ownership and Hospital Behavior},
Volume = {1B},
Pages = {1141-74},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Health Economics},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: Elsevier Science},
Editor = {Anthony J. Culyer and Joseph P. Newhouse},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds21508}
}
@article{fds238687,
Author = {Whetten Goldstein and K and Sloan, FA and Stout, EM and Liang,
L},
Title = {"Civil Liability, Criminal Law, and Other Policies and
Alcohol-related Motor Vehicle Fatalities in the United
States 1984-1995"},
Journal = {Accident Analysis and Prevention},
Volume = {32},
Number = {6},
Pages = {723-733},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0001-4575},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10994599},
Abstract = {This study examines the associations between alcohol
policies and motor vehicle fatality rates from 1984 to 1995
in the United States. State policies and state
characteristics variables were merged with motor vehicle
fatality rates over an 11 year period and analyzed using
minimum logit chi-square method and fixed effects to create
a quasi time-series analysis. Laws allowing individuals to
sue bars for the drunken behavior of their patrons were the
policies most strongly associated with lower minor and adult
fatality rates. The mandatory first offense fine was
associated with lower minor fatality rates but not adult
fatality rates, while minor and adult rates fell after
administrative per se license suspension and
anti-consumption laws for all vehicle occupants. Many other
public policies evaluated were not associated with lower
fatality rates.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00122-0},
Key = {fds238687}
}
@article{fds340286,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Liang, L and Stout, EM and Whetten Goldstein,
K},
Title = {"Liability, Risk Perceptions, and Precautions at
Bars"},
Journal = {The Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {XLIII},
Number = {2},
Pages = {473-501},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds340286}
}
@article{fds238680,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Taylor, DH},
Title = {Private and public choices in end-of-life
care.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {282},
Number = {21},
Pages = {2078},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591394},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.282.21.2078},
Key = {fds238680}
}
@article{fds238679,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Rankin, PJ},
Title = {Physician participation and nonparticipation in Medicaid
managed care: the TennCare experience.},
Journal = {Southern medical journal},
Volume = {92},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1064-1070},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0038-4348},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10586831},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>TennCare is a significant state health
reform effort, channeling all Medicaid recipients into
managed care. We examined physician attitudes about
TennCare.<h4>Methods</h4>In 1997, we surveyed a stratified
random sample of Tennessee physicians using predominantly
Likert-type scale questions. All physicians surveyed were
involved in patient care and were selected from seven
specialties: general practice, family practice, general
internal medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, neurosurgery,
general surgery, and pediatrics. We asked about
participation, satisfaction, perceptions of quality, and
appropriateness of care.<h4>Results</h4>Major reasons for
nonparticipation included bureaucracy and low compensation.
Overall, dissatisfaction with TennCare was high (72% not at
all or not very satisfied), relating to reimbursement issues
and constraints on obtaining services, particularly
pharmaceuticals. More physicians (45.9%) thought quality had
declined under TennCare than believed it improved
(12.6%).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite strong negative opinions
about TennCare, physician participation is high (85.6%)
because of a sense of professional responsibility.},
Doi = {10.1097/00007611-199911000-00004},
Key = {fds238679}
}
@article{fds238676,
Author = {Conover, CJ and Mah, ML and Rankin, PJ and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {The impact of TennCare on patient satisfaction with
care.},
Journal = {The American journal of managed care},
Volume = {5},
Number = {6},
Pages = {765-775},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1088-0224},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10538455},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To measure the level of satisfaction with
care by Medicaid-eligible patients before and after
implementation of a mandatory managed care plan known as
TennCare.<h4>Study design</h4>We used multivariate logit
analysis of survey data to calculate the effects of TennCare
on patient satisfaction for TennCare patients compared to
those on traditional Medicaid, using North Carolina as a
control state.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>Patients were
respondents to a survey conducted in late 1996 and early
1997 who had been admitted to hospitals in 1993 and 1995 for
labor/delivery (n = 986), acute myocardial infarction (n =
457), and head trauma (n = 248). Dependent variables were
yes/no responses to satisfaction questions for
labor/delivery and 5-category ordered responses for
adults.<h4>Results</h4>We found no statistically significant
differences in satisfaction between TennCare and traditional
Medicaid for either pediatric or adult hospital patients.
Generally, TennCare recipients had satisfaction levels as
good or better than traditional Medicaid recipients. For
pediatric care, TennCare odds ratios ranged from 1.00 to
2.17, the latter for satisfaction with care received (P =
0.107). For adult care, odds ratios ranged from 0.77 to
1.23, the latter for satisfaction with cost of care (P =
0.547). For many dimensions of care, lower rates of
satisfaction were reported for respondents who were
uninsured, less educated, and in poor health. For adult
care, blacks or Hispanics tended to be less satisfied with
some aspects of care.<h4>Conclusion</h4>TennCare did not
reduce patient satisfaction with care among those who were
hospitalized.},
Key = {fds238676}
}
@article{fds238677,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Taylor, DH and Picone, G},
Title = {Costs and outcomes of hip fracture and stroke, 1984 to
1994.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {89},
Number = {6},
Pages = {935-937},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10358692},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study quantified changes in Medicare
payments and outcomes for hip fracture and stroke from 1984
to 1994.<h4>Methods</h4>We studied National Long Term Care
Survey respondents who were hospitalized for hip fracture (n
= 887) or stroke (n = 878) occurring between 1984 and 1994.
Changes in Medicare payment and survival were primary
outcomes. We also assessed changes in functional and
cognitive status.<h4>Results</h4>Medicare payments within 6
months increased following hip fracture (103%) or stroke
(51%). Survival improved for stroke (P < .001) and to a
lesser extent for hip fracture (P = .16). Condition-specific
improvements were found in functional and cognitive
status.<h4>Conclusions</h4>During the period 1984 to 1994,
Medicare payments for hip fracture and stroke rose and there
were some improvements in survival and other
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.89.6.935},
Key = {fds238677}
}
@article{fds238675,
Author = {Taylor, DH and Whellan, DJ and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effects of admission to a teaching hospital on the cost and
quality of care for Medicare beneficiaries.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {340},
Number = {4},
Pages = {293-299},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9920955},
Abstract = {<h4>Background and methods</h4>We studied the effects of
admission to a teaching hospital on the cost and quality of
care for patients covered by Medicare (age, 65 years old or
older). We used data from the National Long Term Care Survey
and merged them with Medicare claims data. We selected the
first hospitalization for hip fracture (802 patients),
stroke (793), coronary heart disease (1007), or congestive
heart failure (604) occurring between January 1, 1984 and
December 31, 1994, and calculated all Medicare payments for
inpatient and outpatient care during the six-month period
after admission. Survival was assessed through 1995.
Hospitals were classified as major or minor teaching
hospitals (with minor hospitals defined as those in which
the number of residents per bed was less than the median
number for all teaching hospitals) or as private nonprofit,
government (i.e., public), or private for-profit
hospitals.<h4>Results</h4>Medicare payments for the
six-month period after hospitalization were highest for
patients initially admitted to teaching hospitals for the
treatment of hip fracture, stroke, or coronary heart disease
and for patients initially admitted to for-profit hospitals
for the treatment of congestive heart failure. As compared
with payments to for-profit hospitals, payments to major
teaching hospitals for hip fracture were significantly
higher, payments to government hospitals for coronary heart
disease were lower, and payments to government and nonprofit
hospitals for congestive heart failure were lower. After
adjustment for patients' characteristics and social
subsidies, major teaching hospitals had the lowest mortality
rates (hazard ratio for death, 0.75, as compared with
for-profit hospitals; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.62
to 0.91). For individual conditions, the only significant
survival advantage associated with admission to major
teaching hospitals was for hip fractures (hazard ratio,
0.54, as compared with for-profit hospitals; 95 percent
confidence interval, 0.37 to 0.79).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Although
admission to a major teaching hospital may be associated
with increased costs to the Medicare program, overall
survival for patients with the common conditions we studied
was better at these hospitals, especially for patients with
hip fractures.},
Doi = {10.1056/nejm199901283400408},
Key = {fds238675}
}
@misc{fds21511,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and G. Picone and D. Taylor and S-Y
Chou},
Title = {Does Where You Are Admitted Make a Difference? An Analysis
of Medicare Data},
Pages = {1-25},
Booktitle = {Frontiers in Health Policy Research},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Editor = {Alan M. Garber},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds21511}
}
@misc{fds21512,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D. Taylor},
Title = {Does Ownership Affect the Cost of Medicare?},
Booktitle = {Medicare Reform: Issues and Answers},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Editor = {Rettenmaier, Andrew J. and Thomas R. Saving},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds21512}
}
@article{fds238674,
Author = {Whetten Goldstein and K and Kulas, E and Sloan, F and Hickson, G and Entman, S},
Title = {"Compensation for Birth-Related Injury: No-Fault Programs
Compared With Tort System"},
Journal = {Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-48},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {1072-4710},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.153.1.41},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To compare compensation systems for
birth-related injuries.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort
study.<h4>Setting</h4>Florida.<h4>Participants</h4>Parents
of children with birth-related injuries who filed claims
that closed before August 1, 1995, with Florida's no-fault
program (Neurological Injury Compensation Act [NICA]) or who
filed tort claims that closed from January 1, 1986, to
August 1, 1995.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Compensation
for medical and income losses due to birth-related
injuries.<h4>Results</h4>Families who received tort
settlements were overcompensated for the injury, considering
all sources of compensation. By contrast, NICA recipients
broke even. Those who did not receive tort or NICA
compensation lost nearly $75000 in the first 5 years
following the birth. In the subsample of families of
children with cerebral palsy, overcompensation by tort claim
was even greater, whereas NICA recipients were
undercompensated. The cost of care for cerebral palsy in
both groups was the same. The difference between tort and
NICA compensation levels was attributable to payment for
income loss. Overall, NICA recipients were satisfied with
compensation received.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Medical expenses
were adequately covered under NICA, but not income loss. A
universal health insurance program for children would not
cover income losses. Similar costs incurred in NICA and tort
systems suggests no rationing of care by NICA. Finally,
absent some sort of targeted compensation, the losses
experienced by families of children with birth-related
injuries were substantial.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpedi.153.1.41},
Key = {fds238674}
}
@article{fds238915,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ and Hall, MA},
Title = {State Strategies to Reduce the Growing Number of Persons
without Health Insurance},
Journal = {Regulation},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {24-31},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds238915}
}
@article{fds238747,
Author = {Whetten-Goldstein, K and Sloan, FA and Goldstein, LB and Kulas,
ED},
Title = {A comprehensive assessment of the cost of multiple sclerosis
in the United States.},
Journal = {Mult Scler},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {419-425},
Year = {1998},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1352-4585},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9839302},
Abstract = {Comprehensive data on the costs of multiple sclerosis is
sparse. We conducted a survey of 606 persons with MS who
were members of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society to
obtain data on their cost of personal health services, other
services, equipment, and earnings. Compensation of such cost
in the form of health insurance, income support, and other
subsidies was measured. Survey data and data from several
secondary sources was used to measure costs incurred by
comparable persons without MS. Based on the 1994 data, the
annual cost of MS was estimated at over $34,000 per person,
translating into a conservative estimate of national annual
cost of $6.8 billion, and a total lifetime cost per case of
$2.2 million. Major components of cost were earnings loss
and informal care. Virtually all persons with MS had health
insurance, mostly Medicare/Medicaid. Health insurance
covered 51 per cent of costs for services, excluding
informal care. On average, compensation for earnings loss
was 27 per cent. MS is very costly to the individual, health
care system, and society. Much of the cost (57 per cent) is
in the form of burdens other than personal health care,
including earnings loss, equipment and alternations, and
formal and informal care. These costs often are not
calculated.},
Doi = {10.1177/135245859800400504},
Key = {fds238747}
}
@article{fds238669,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Hickson,
GB},
Title = {The influence of obstetric no-fault compensation on
obstetricians' practice patterns.},
Journal = {American journal of obstetrics and gynecology},
Volume = {179},
Number = {3 Pt 1},
Pages = {671-676},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9378},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70062-6},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>The objectives were to determine level of
satisfaction among obstetricians with the no-fault insurance
programs in Florida and Virginia and to study any reported
practice patterns attributable to implementation of no-fault
compensation.<h4>Study design</h4>Structured surveys were
conducted with 119 obstetricians in Florida and
Virginia.<h4>Results</h4>More than 90% of obstetricians were
enrolled in no-fault insurance programs, but only 13%
reported having had a patient compensated by a no-fault
program. Only 14% knew of a colleague with a patient who had
been compensated. Despite no-fault compensation, threat of
lawsuits was a factor in 39% of cases of physicians who quit
practicing obstetrics. The no-fault programs did not cause
obstetricians to report increases in their obstetric
caseloads or in their fraction of patients at high risk.
Overall, obstetricians were far more satisfied with the
no-fault system than with the tort system. Still, more than
half of the respondents expressed dissatisfaction with
premiums assessed by no-fault insurance.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Obstetricians
who knew about the no-fault programs were generally
satisfied with their performance. However, the no-fault
programs have not built a constituency with physicians, and
the programs are relatively small in their scope of
coverage. No-fault compensation thus has had minor impact on
reported obstetric practice. To be effective in improving
patient access, no-fault compensation must be broader in
scope.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70062-6},
Key = {fds238669}
}
@article{fds238672,
Author = {Conover, CJ and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Does removing certificate-of-need regulations lead to a
surge in health care spending?},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {455-481},
Year = {1998},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9626641},
Abstract = {This study assesses the impact of certificate-of-need (CON)
regulation for hospitals on various measures of health
spending per capita, hospital supply, diffusion of
technology, and hospital industry organization. Using a time
series cross-sectional methodology, we estimate the net
impact of CON policies on costs, supply, technology
diffusion, and industry organization, controlling for area
characteristics, the presence of other forms of regulation,
such as hospital rate-setting, and competition. Mature CON
programs are associated with a modest (5 percent) long-term
reduction in acute care spending per capita, but not with a
significant reduction in total per capita spending. There is
no evidence of a surge in acquisition of facilities or in
costs following removal of CON regulations. Mature CON
programs also result in a slight (2 percent) reduction in
bed supply but higher costs per day and per admission, along
with higher hospital profits. CON regulations generally have
no detectable effect on diffusion of various hospital-based
technologies. It is doubtful that CON regulations have had
much effect on quality of care, positive or negative. Such
regulations may have improved access, but there is little
empirical evidence to document this.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-23-3-455},
Key = {fds238672}
}
@article{fds238639,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Stout, EM and Entman, SS and Hickson, GB},
Title = {No-fault system of compensation for obstetric injury:
winners and losers.},
Journal = {Obstetrics and gynecology},
Volume = {91},
Number = {3},
Pages = {437-443},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0029-7844},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9491874},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether Florida's
implementation of a no-fault system for birth-related
neurologic injuries reduced lawsuits and total spending
associated with such injuries, and whether no-fault was more
efficient than tort in distributing compensation.<h4>Methods</h4>We
compared claims and payments before and after implementation
of a no-fault system in 1989. Data came from the Department
of Insurance's medical malpractice closed claim files and
no-fault records. Descriptive statistics were compiled for
tort claims before 1989 and for tort and no-fault claims for
1989-1991. We developed two projection approaches to
estimate claims and payments after 1989, with and without
no-fault. We assessed the program's performance on the basis
of comparisons of actual and projected values for
1989-1991.<h4>Results</h4>The number of tort claims for
permanent labor-delivery injury and death fell 16-32%.
However, when no-fault claims were added to tort claims,
total claims frequency rose by 11-38%. Annually, an
estimated 479 children suffered birth-related injuries;
however, only 13 were compensated under no-fault. Total
combined payments to patients and all lawyers did not
decrease, but of the total, a much larger portion went to
patients. Compensation of patients after plaintiff lawyers'
fees rose 4% or 44%, depending on the projection method
used. Less than 3% of total payments went to lawyers under
no-fault versus 39% under tort.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Some
claimants with birth-related injuries were winners, taking
home a larger percentage of their awards than their tort
counterparts. Lawyers clearly lost under no-fault. Because
of the narrow statutory definition, many children with
birth-related neurologic injuries did not qualify for
coverage.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00705-9},
Key = {fds238639}
}
@article{fds238671,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ},
Title = {Life transitions and health insurance coverage of the near
elderly.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {110-125},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9475467},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study addresses three issues. (1)
What are demographic wealth, employment, and health
characteristics of near-elderly persons losing or acquiring
health insurance coverage? Specifically, (2) what are the
effects of life transitions, including changes in employment
status, health, and marital status? (3) To what extent do
public policies protect such persons against coverage loss,
including various state policies recently implemented to
increase access to insurance?<h4>Methods</h4>The authors
used the 1992 and 1994 waves of the Health and Retirement
Study to analyze coverage among adults aged 51 to 64
years.<h4>Results</h4>One in five near-elderly persons
experienced a change in insurance coverage from 1992 to
1994. Yet, there was no significant change in the mix of
coverage as those losing one form of coverage were replaced
by others acquiring similar coverage.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Individuals
whose health deteriorated significantly were not more likely
than others to suffer a subsequent loss of coverage, due to
substitution of retiree or individual coverage for those
losing private coverage and acquisition of Medicaid and
Medicare coverage for one in five uninsured. State policies
to increase access to private health insurance generally did
not prevent individuals from losing coverage or allow the
uninsured to gain coverage. Major determinants of the
probability of being insured were education, employment
status of person and spouse, and work disability status.
Other measures of health and functional status did not
affect the probability of being insured, but had important
impacts on the probability of having public coverage,
conditional on being insured.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-199802000-00002},
Key = {fds238671}
}
@article{fds238670,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Commercialism in nonprofit hospitals.},
Journal = {Journal of policy analysis and management : [the journal of
the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management]},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {234-252},
Booktitle = {To Profit of Not To Profit},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Burton A. Weisbrod},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10182439},
Abstract = {The private nonprofit hospital is the dominant
organizational form in the U.S. hospital industry. Various
reasons have been advanced for its high market share. As
hospitals undergo massive changes due in large part to
changes in payment practices, there is widespread concern
that nonprofit hospitals may become less committed to
noncommercial activities. This may even be more likely when
such hospitals convert to for-profit status. The empirical
evidence indicates that, on average, hospitals of nonprofit
and for-profit ownership are similar in the provision of
uncompensated care, the quality of care, and the adoption of
technology. Conversion of a nonprofit to for-profit status
does not adversely affect the provision of uncompensated
care on average. However, for-profits are more likely to be
located in areas where consumers have the ability to pay for
care. As hospital markets become more competitive and the
opportunity for cross-subsidizing more unprofitable,
collective-good activities will become increasingly
difficult. Support for such activities, if they are to
exist, will have to come from explicit public
subsidies.},
Doi = {10.1002/(sici)1520-6688(199821)17:2<234::aid-pam7>3.0.co;2-i},
Key = {fds238670}
}
@article{fds238912,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Conover, CJ},
Title = {Effects of state reforms on health insurance coverage of
adults.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {35},
Number = {3},
Pages = {280-293},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0046-9580},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9809056},
Abstract = {States have tried a number of strategies to reduce the
growing number of uninsured people. These include Medicaid
expansions and various insurance reforms, such as low-cost
plans, subsidized insurance products, risk pooling, open
enrollment and continuity of coverage requirements, and
community rating. Using data from 1989 to 1994, we examine
the impact of such policies on health insurance coverage for
adults. We find that few state policies have succeeded in
increasing health insurance coverage. For those that work,
impacts are very modest or are accompanied by adverse
effects such as crowdout. Implementing effective state
policies to reduce the number of uninsured remains a great
challenge.},
Key = {fds238912}
}
@article{fds238741,
Author = {Conover, CJ and Sloan, FA and Provenzale, D and Oddone, E and Jowell,
PS and Mah, ML},
Title = {Hospital credentialing for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: is
stricter better?},
Journal = {Clin Perform Qual Health Care},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {155-162},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {1063-0279},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10351281},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Hospital credentialing standards for laparoscopic
cholecystectomy were established to improve surgical
outcomes, but standards vary by hospital. We hypothesized
that more stringent credentialing would result in better
outcomes. DESIGN: Univariate and multivariate logistic
analyses were performed using a 1996 survey on hospital
credentialing practices. Surgical-outcome data were obtained
from statewide hospital discharge abstracts and hospital
chart reviews. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to
calculate the effects of hospital credentialing stringency
and nine credentialing practices on operative and
postoperative outcomes (including death), controlling for
patient and hospital characteristics. SETTING: Short-stay
community hospitals performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
PATIENTS: Statewide hospital discharge data included 1995
inpatient discharges for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Medical-records review included 843 laparoscopic
cholecystectomy patients selected from 14 North Carolina
hospitals with widely different credentialing practices.
RESULTS: Surgical complications from laparoscopic
cholecystectomies appeared unrelated to stringency of the
hospital credentialing environment. Important factors
predicting complications included hospital volume and other
hospital characteristics such as the number of registered
nurses per patient day. CONCLUSIONS: Given current levels of
training, performance, and credentialing standards,
tightening of credentialing practices may not improve
patient outcomes for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.},
Key = {fds238741}
}
@article{fds238913,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Viscusi, K and Chesson, H and Conover, CJ and Whetten
Goldstein, K},
Title = {Alternative Approaches to Valuing Intangible Health Losses:
The Evidence for Multiple Sclerosis},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {14},
Pages = {475-497},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10180927},
Abstract = {This study uses both risk-risk and risk-dollar approaches to
assess intangible health losses associated with multiple
sclerosis (MS). Using an estimation approach that adjusts
for potential perceptional biases that may effect the
expressed risk tradeoffs, we estimated parameters of the
utility function of persons with and without MS as well as
the degree of subjects" overestimation of the probability of
obtaining MS. The sample included subjects from the general
population and persons with MS. We found that marginal
utility of income is lower in the state with MS than without
it. However, the difference in marginal in two states was
greater for persons without MS than for those with the
disease. Persons with MS overestimated the probability of
acquiring MS to a greater extent than did persons within MS.
Correcting for overestimation of this probability, the value
of intangible loss of a statistical case of MS derived from
responses of the general population was US$350,000 to
US$500.000. Persons with MS were willing to pay somewhat
more than this (D80,118,J17).},
Key = {fds238913}
}
@article{fds315392,
Author = {Bovbjerg, RR and Sloan, FA},
Title = {No Fault for Medical Injury: Theory and Evidence},
Journal = {University of Cincinnati Law Review},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-123},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0009-6881},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000078109000002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315392}
}
@article{fds315349,
Author = {Bovbjerg, RR and Sloan, FA and Rankin, PJ},
Title = {Administrative performance of "no-fault" compensation for
medical injury},
Journal = {LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {A71-A115},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000073431800011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315349}
}
@article{fds315347,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Entman, SS and Kulas, ED and Stout, EM},
Title = {The road from medical injury to claims resolution: How
no-fault and tort differ},
Journal = {LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {A35-A70},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000073431800010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315347}
}
@article{fds21501,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International Perspective,
Special Issue, Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds21501}
}
@article{fds238668,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Wilson,
A},
Title = {Hospital pharmacy decisions, cost containment, and the use
of cost-effectiveness analysis.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {523-533},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9226778},
Abstract = {The key hypothesis of the study was that hospital pharmacies
under the pressure of managed care would be more likely to
adopt process innovations to assure less costly and more
cost-effective provision of care. We conducted a survey of
103 hospitals and analyzed secondary data on cost and
staffing. Compared to the size of the reduction in length of
stay, changes in the way that a day of care is delivered
appear to be minor, even in areas with substantial managed
care share. The vast majority of hospitals surveyed had
implemented some form of therapeutic interchange and generic
substitution. Most hospitals used some drug utilization
guidelines, but as of mid 1995 these were not yet important
management tools for hospital pharmacies. To our knowledge,
ours was the first survey to investigate the link between
hospital formularies and use of cost-effectiveness analysis.
At most cost-effectiveness was a minor tool in
pharmaceutical decision making in hospitals at present. We
could determine no differences in use of such analyses by
managed care market share in the hospital's market share.
One impediment to the use of cost-effectiveness studies was
the lack of timeliness of studies. Other stated reasons for
not using cost-effectiveness analysis more often were: lack
of information on hospitalized patients and hence on the
potential cost offsets accruing to the hospital: lack of
independent sponsorship, and inadequate expertise in
economic evaluation.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00393-0},
Key = {fds238668}
}
@article{fds325941,
Title = {The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International
Perspective},
Journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {Pergamon Press Ltd.},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Grabowski, H},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325941}
}
@article{fds238753,
Author = {Whetten-Goldstein, K and Sloan, F and Kulas, E and Cutson, T and Schenkman, M},
Title = {The burden of Parkinson's disease on society, family, and
the individual.},
Journal = {J Am Geriatr Soc},
Volume = {45},
Number = {7},
Pages = {844-849},
Year = {1997},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01512.x},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the burden of Parkinson's Disease (PD)
on society, family, and the individual. SETTING: In-home
interviews in Central North Carolina. DESIGN: A
cross-sectional, descriptive study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of
109 people with PD. MEASURES: Standard instruments used to
assess income, health status, health-related costs, and
household activities. SAMPLE: The sample was weighted toward
individuals who were within the first 5 years of post-PD
diagnosis. RESULTS: The total per capita societal burden was
approximately $6000 per year, the greatest single element of
which was compensation for earnings loss for those less than
age 65. Government insurance covered 85% of our sample. The
largest components of family burden were the burden of
providing informal caregiving and that of earnings loss.
Spouses providing informal care did so a mean of 22 hours
per week. Compared with a random sample of older people, our
respondents spent much less time on house and yard work.
CONCLUSION: The direct costs of the disease reflect a small
portion of the burden. The hidden costs, in the form of lost
wages, informal care, and changing roles are substantial.
Their magnitude is even more important when we consider that
the family generally lives on a fixed income, and the
caregiver is an older aged spouse. Medical practitioners
will best be able to intervene if they look holistically at
the patient with this disease. When treating symptoms
themselves, practitioners need to be aware of the high level
of pain, fatigue, and depression associated with PD, even in
the early stages. The results demonstrate clearly that
family relationships are affected early, indicating the
importance of providing early referrals to services such as
home health, social workers/counseling, and well as PD
support groups.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01512.x},
Key = {fds238753}
}
@article{fds238911,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Entman, S and Reilly, B and Glass, C and Hickson, G and Zhang, H},
Title = {Tort Liability and Obstetricians' Care Levels},
Journal = {International Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {245-260},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8188(97)00005-7},
Doi = {10.1016/S0144-8188(97)00005-7},
Key = {fds238911}
}
@article{fds238667,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Norton, EC},
Title = {Adverse Selection, Bequests, Crowding Out, and Private
Demand for Insurance: Evidence from the Long-term Care
Insurance Market},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {201-219},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007749008635},
Abstract = {Adverse selection, moral hazard, and crowding out by public
insurance have all been proposed as theoretical reasons for
why the market for private long-term care insurance has been
slow to evolve in the U.S. Using national samples of the
elderly and near elderly, this study investigates which is
most important. The data contain direct measures of risk
aversion, expectations of future nursing home use and living
to old age, and the bequest motive. For both groups, we find
evidence of adverse selection, and, for the elderly,
crowding out of private long-term care insurance by
Medicaid. However, we do not find that demand for such
insurance is motivated either by bequest or exchange
motives.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1007749008635},
Key = {fds238667}
}
@article{fds238910,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Picone, G and Hoerger, TJ},
Title = {The supply of children's time to disabled elderly
parents},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {295-308},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1997.tb01911.x},
Abstract = {This study develops and tests a model of supply of
children's time to disabled elderly parents, using data from
the National Long-Term Care Survey. The model, which assumes
strategic behavior among relatives, offers predictions about
effects of changes in the price of paid personal care,
parent's wealth, kid's wage rates, public in-kind subsidies
of personal care, and parent's relative bargaining power on
care provided by children. Although several statistically
significant relationships are obtained, the evidence does
not generally indicate that children's provision of care to
parents is guided by a strategic bequest motive. (JEL I1,
J1).},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1997.tb01911.x},
Key = {fds238910}
}
@book{fds70909,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and edited and Thomas B. Metzloff},
Title = {Medical Malpractice: External Influences and Controls, Law
and Contemporary Problems},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds70909}
}
@book{fds70910,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds70910}
}
@misc{fds21502,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Medical Malpratice: External Influences and Controls, Law
and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {60(1&2)},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan and Thomas B. Metzloff},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds21502}
}
@article{fds238803,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Grabowski, HG},
Title = {The Impact of Cost-Effectiveness on Public and Private
Policies in Health Care: An International Perspective:
Introduction and overview},
Journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {4},
Pages = {505-510},
Year = {1997},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Doi = {10.1016/S0277-9536(97)81010-6},
Key = {fds238803}
}
@article{fds315350,
Author = {Metzloff, TB and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Medical Malpractice: External Influences and
Controls},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1 and 2},
Pages = {1-6},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Metzloff, TB},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0023-9186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000073431800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315350}
}
@book{fds325942,
Author = {Medicine, IO and Homes, COTAONSIHAN},
Title = {Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes Is It
Adequate?},
Pages = {560 pages},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Editor = {Sloan, FA and Wunderlich, GS and Davis, CK},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780309175708},
Abstract = {The volume also discusses work-related injuries, violence
toward and abuse of nursing staffs, and stress among nursing
personnel--and examines whether these problems are related
to staffing levels.},
Key = {fds325942}
}
@article{fds21376,
Title = {Falling Through the Safety Net: Insurance Status and Access
to Health Care},
Journal = {Contemporary Gerontology, A Journal of Reviews and Critical
Discourse},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-3},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds21376}
}
@article{fds238666,
Author = {Hoerger, TJ and Picone, GA and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Public subsidies, private provision of care and living
arrangements of the elderly},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {3},
Pages = {428-439},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2109790},
Abstract = {We examine the effects of public subsidies on the living
arrangements of the disabled elderly who choose among living
independently, living in an intergenerational household, and
entering a nursing home. After quantifying effects of state
policies on each arrangement, we estimate the model using
multinomial probit and data from the National Long-Term Care
Survey. Direct subsidies for nursing home care and state
policies which limit nursing home beds or reimbursement
significantly affect the choice of living arrangement. State
policies which subsidize community living have little effect
on nursing home entry, although they increase the
probability of living independently.},
Doi = {10.2307/2109790},
Key = {fds238666}
}
@book{fds21335,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Long-Term Care: Economic Issues and Policy
Solutions},
Publisher = {Boston/Dordrecht/London: Kluwer Academic
Publishers},
Editor = {Roland Eisen and Frank A. Sloan},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds21335}
}
@article{fds238909,
Author = {Conover, CJ and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Bankruptcy risk and state regulation of continuing care
retirement communities.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {444-456},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0046-9580},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8567081},
Abstract = {Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) often require
substantial financial investment from residents, prompting
concern about potential losses to residents in the event of
a CCRC's bankruptcy. State governments have responded to
this concern with varying levels of regulation. Overall,
CCRC bankruptcy rates are very low (.3% per year). We found
that measures of varying regulation stringency had no effect
on indicators of CCRCs' financial performance relating to
bankruptcy risk. CCRCs that offer extensive contracts,
including unlimited long-term care in addition to housing,
have less positive indicators of financial strength than
other types of CCRCs. When measured by traditional health
care industry standards of financial strength, CCRCs appear
less profitable than other types of health care facilities.
This raises the question of whether CCRCs can continue to
attract the needed capital from private markets and because
of that, suggests that their future growth may be
limited.},
Key = {fds238909}
}
@article{fds238664,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Githens, PB and Entman,
SS},
Title = {Effects of the threat of medical malpractice litigation and
other factors on birth outcomes.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {33},
Number = {7},
Pages = {700-714},
Year = {1995},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7596209},
Abstract = {Most major health reform proposals include reform of medical
malpractice. A major objective of the current medical
malpractice system is to improve quality of care. The
authors examine the effect of variations in the threat of
medical malpractice, measured by claims frequency and
payments per exposure year, on various indicators of birth
outcomes, fetal deaths, low Apgar score, death within 5 days
of birth, infant death, and death or permanent impairment at
5 years of age. Data came from 2 sources: a Survey of
Obstetrical Care of 963 women in Florida in 1992 who
delivered 5 years previously; and a fetal death and a linked
birth-death file obtained from Florida Vital Statistics for
1987. Among the outcomes considered, only fetal deaths
decreased in response to an increased threat of being sued,
and this relationship was only obtained from one of the data
sets. Overall, no systematic improvement in birth outcomes
in response to an increased threat of medical malpractice
litigation was obtained.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-199507000-00006},
Key = {fds238664}
}
@article{fds238908,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Reilly, BA and Schenzler, C},
Title = {Effects of Tort Liability and Insurance on Heavy Drinking
and Drinking and Driving},
Journal = {The Journal of Law and Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-77},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1995},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-2186},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RT26300003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467325},
Key = {fds238908}
}
@article{fds238663,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Shayne, MW and Conover, CJ},
Title = {Continuing care retirement communities: prospects for
reducing institutional long-term care.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-98},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0361-6878},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7738323},
Abstract = {Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) combine
housing and long-term care (LTC) services, including
personal and nursing home care. The amount of LTC that is
prepaid varies by type of CCRC, with one-third offering
extensive (fully prepaid) contracts for LTC. CCRCs are a
potentially promising model for LTC delivery because they
offer a full continuum of services and can substitute less
expensive supportive care for institutional care. Using data
on CCRCs, we tested one central hypothesis: Provision of
supportive services, particularly when combined with
capitation, reduces use of nursing home care. To test this
hypothesis, we studied the effect of various contract types
for LTC services offered by CCRCs and provision of support
services on utilization of nursing home and personal care
units. Compared with other types of CCRCs, those offering
completely prepaid LTC coverage reduced use of nursing home
care by 13 percent and personal care by 5 percent. CCRCs
with prepaid LTC coverage did not use more stringent health
screening at entry, so "cream-skimming" does not appear to
explain this result. However, affordability is an important
issue: CCRC residents with extensive contracts were
wealthier than were other CCRC residents.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-20-1-75},
Key = {fds238663}
}
@book{fds21336,
Title = {Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of
Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies},
Pages = {xi, 273},
Publisher = {Cambridge: New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University
Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds21336}
}
@misc{fds21514,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and C.J. Conover},
Title = {The Use of Cost-Effectiveness/Cost-Benefit Analysis in
Actual Decision Making: Current Status and
Prospects},
Booktitle = {Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of
Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies},
Publisher = {New York: Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds21514}
}
@misc{fds21515,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Introduction},
Booktitle = {Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of
Pharmaceuticals and Other Medical Technologies},
Publisher = {New York: Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds21515}
}
@article{fds238925,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Waters, T},
Title = {"Why Do People Drink? Tests of the Rational Addicition
Model"},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {8},
Pages = {727-736},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0003-6846},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RN31000007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/00036849500000062},
Key = {fds238925}
}
@article{fds315346,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Injury, Liability, and the Decision to File a Medical
Malpractice Claim},
Journal = {Law & Society Review},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {413-435},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0023-9216},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RY52400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The authors used two data sets based on interviews
with families who suffered an adverse birth outcome in
Florida—either a stillbirth, an infant death, or a
permanent birth-related injury—to assess the decision to
file a medical malpractice claim. These data were
supplemented by medical evaluations of liability. The
authors found that cases in which the physician evaluators
thought the physician had been negligent were much more
likely to have become claims, as were more serious injuries.
Overall, the view of critics of the current medical
malpractice system that innocent physicians are just as
likely, or more likely, to be sued than the guilty ones and
that patients sue when they do not obtain a “perfect
result” is not confirmed. Claims were less likely to
result when the family had health insurance, either private
or public, and when families who had been told by the
physician that there might be a problem with the child. The
mother's educational attainment and family income had no
effect on the probability of claiming. Mothers who admitted
to consuming alcohol during pregnancy were more likely to
claim.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.2307/3053973},
Key = {fds315346}
}
@article{fds238661,
Author = {Entman, SS and Glass, CA and Hickson, GB and Githens, PB and Whetten-Goldstein, K and Sloan, FA},
Title = {The relationship between malpractice claims history and
subsequent obstetric care.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {272},
Number = {20},
Pages = {1588-1591},
Year = {1994},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03520200044033},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the relationship between
prior malpractice claims experience and the quality of
clinical obstetric care.<h4>Design</h4>Historical cohort
study of obstetricians, classified by their prior
malpractice claims experience, with blinded review of
medical records from their practices 5 to 10 years
later.<h4>Setting</h4>Florida obstetricians who lost,
settled, or defended malpractice claims between 1977 and
1983 and who were still practicing obstetrics in
1987.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>Objective and subjective
assessment of quality of clinical care of patients attended
by obstetricians with different histories of malpractice
claims.<h4>Results</h4>No differences were found in any of
the objective or subjective measures of the quality of
clinical care provided to patients of obstetricians who were
classified into one of four groups according to their prior
claims history.<h4>Conclusions</h4>No relationship was found
between prior malpractice claims experience and the
technical quality of practice by Florida obstetricians.
Strategies that attempt to identify physicians at risk for
future clinical errors by using data on prior malpractice
claims (such as the National Practitioner Data Bank) may be
misjudging the likelihood that substandard clinical care
will be provided by physicians with prior
claims.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1994.03520200044033},
Key = {fds238661}
}
@article{fds21384,
Author = {John R. Wolfe},
Title = {The Coming Health Crisis: Who Will Pay for Care for the Aged
in the 21st Century?"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {1254-1255},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds21384}
}
@article{fds315348,
Author = {SLOAN, FA},
Title = {The Coming Health Crisis - Who Will Pay for Care for the
Aged in the 21st Century - Wolfe,JR},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1254-1255},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994PK98300026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds315348}
}
@article{fds238906,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Reilly, BA and Schenzler, C},
Title = {Effects of prices, civil and criminal sanctions, and law
enforcement on alcohol-related mortality.},
Journal = {Journal of studies on alcohol},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {454-465},
Year = {1994},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0096-882X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7934053},
Abstract = {Alcohol use has been linked to several causes of death. This
study provides an empirical analysis of the effects of
various public policies on mortality rates by state and year
for the years 1982-88. Causes of death analyzed are: alcohol
primary cause; traffic accident; homicides; suicides; falls,
fires and other accidents; and contributory cause deaths
(cancers of the alimentary tract). We find that increasing
the price of alcohol decreases mortality rates for some of
the causes, but not for primary cause deaths. Higher excise
taxes on cigarettes reduce contributory cause mortality.
Dram shop laws have negative and statistically significant
effects not only on mortality rates from traffic accidents,
but for several of the other causes. There is a need for
further analysis to determine how these reductions are
achieved. We find no evidence that imposing mandatory
minimum jail terms, fines or license revocation for a DUI
conviction affects alcohol-related mortality. However,
increased police protection decreases mortality rates for
several categories, especially homicides and traffic
accidents. We find that imposing the death penalty reduces
homicide rates. Reductions in alcohol-related mortality may
be achieved by implementing a mix of public policies. No
single policy is a panacea.},
Doi = {10.15288/jsa.1994.55.454},
Key = {fds238906}
}
@article{fds238905,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Githens, PB},
Title = {Drinking, Driving, and the Price of Automobile
Insurance},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Insurance},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-58},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1994},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0022-4367},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994NG48800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/253423},
Key = {fds238905}
}
@article{fds238907,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Reilly, BA and Schenzler, CM},
Title = {Tort liability versus other approaches for deterring
careless driving},
Journal = {International Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0144-8188},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8188(94)90036-1},
Doi = {10.1016/0144-8188(94)90036-1},
Key = {fds238907}
}
@article{fds238658,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Gordon, GS and Cocks, DL},
Title = {Hospital drug formularies and use of hospital
services.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {31},
Number = {10},
Pages = {851-867},
Year = {1993},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8412389},
Abstract = {Many hospitals have introduced formularies to reduce
hospital pharmacy expense, among other reasons. This study
provides empirical evidence of the influence of hospital
formulary restrictions on pharmacy charges, all other
hospital charges, and on length of stay, using a survey of
hospital drug policies and hospital discharge data from
Washington State in 1989. Limiting the number of drugs in
particular therapeutic categories reduced total charges
incurred for gastrointestinal disease and asthma patients,
increased total charges for cardiovascular disease patients,
and had no effect on charges for infectious diseases
patients. Restricting availability of drugs reduced pharmacy
charges, but these savings tended to be offset by increases
in other charges. Combining the categories, we found that
restricting availability of drugs did not affect charges. We
conclude that across-the-board restrictions do not result in
cost savings, although savings may be realized for
particular drug categories.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-199310000-00001},
Key = {fds238658}
}
@article{fds238659,
Author = {Githens, PB and Glass, CA and Sloan, FA and Entman,
SS},
Title = {Maternal recall and medical records: an examination of
events during pregnancy, childbirth, and early
infancy.},
Journal = {Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {136-141},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536x.1993.tb00438.x},
Abstract = {It is not currently known whether sufficiently precise data
on a previous pregnancy, labor and delivery, and early
infancy can be obtained retrospectively. We conducted a
telephone survey in 1991 of women who delivered babies
between 1984 and 1986 at two teaching hospitals in
Nashville, Tennessee, to assess how well mothers recall
information on factors predictive of an adverse birth
outcome. The survey yielded 102 usable responses that were
compared with hospital records for mothers and infants.
Overall, 89 percent agreement was found between women's
responses and their charts. Respondents were not reluctant
to answer potentially sensitive questions, and their
technical knowledge was typically better for their own
health than about some prenatal diagnostic procedures and
their infants' health. We found no difference in recall
accuracy according to whether mothers experienced some
adversity with the index pregnancy. Accurate perinatal
information can generally be obtained with a recall period
as high as four to six years.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1523-536x.1993.tb00438.x},
Key = {fds238659}
}
@article{fds238656,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Organ procurement: expenditures and financial
incentives.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {269},
Number = {24},
Pages = {3155-3156},
Year = {1993},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.269.24.3155},
Abstract = {... One is struck by the high level of organ procurement
charges in spite of the characterization of organ
procurement as altruistic. Although the median organ
procurement charges in 1988, documented by Evans, ranged
from nearly $16,000 to nearly $21,000 (1991 dollars), there
was not a penny for the accident victim's/organ donor's
family. That some transplant hospitals routinely marked up
charges they paid to organ procurement organizations by as
much as 200% hardly seems consistent with altruism. Viewed
generously, organ recipients and payers on their behalf are
being asked to cross-subsidize other worthy causes in which
transplant hospitals engage. If the organ procurement system
is to remain altruistic, not only is cost per procured organ
an issue but more equitable sharing of costs would seem in
order....},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.269.24.3155},
Key = {fds238656}
}
@article{fds238657,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Shayne, MW},
Title = {Long-term care, Medicaid, and impoverishment of the
elderly.},
Journal = {The Milbank quarterly},
Volume = {71},
Number = {4},
Pages = {575-599},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0887-378X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8246849},
Abstract = {The 1989 Long Term Care Survey was used to assess the extent
to which entry of disabled elderly into nursing homes
depletes personal wealth ("spenddown"); the effect of state
eligibility rules on this process, on incentives to shield
assets for Medicaid eligibility, and on out-of-pocket prices
for nursing-home care; and whether the disabled elderly's
housing wealth represents potential revenue for Medicaid.
Most disabled elderly in the community were either Medicaid
eligible, or would have been soon after entering a nursing
home. Variations in state Medicaid eligibility rules do not
explain differences in the spenddown process: the amount of
nonhousing wealth of most disabled elderly seldom warranted
its transfer to relatives in order to secure Medicaid
benefits, nor would their housing wealth have offered more
than limited revenue for Medicaid.},
Doi = {10.2307/3350420},
Key = {fds238657}
}
@book{fds21337,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and P.B. Githens and E.W. Clayton and G.B. Hickson and D.A. Gentile and D.F. Parlett},
Title = {Suing for Medical Malpractice},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds21337}
}
@misc{fds21516,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Does the Market Choose the Current Incentives to Get to the
Desired Outcomes? Market Failure Reexamined},
Pages = {259-279},
Booktitle = {Competitibe Approaches to Health Care Reform},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press},
Editor = {R. Arnold and R. Rich and W. White},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds21516}
}
@article{fds238904,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Adverse selection: does it preclude a competitive health
insurance market?},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-356},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6296(92)90009-p},
Abstract = {In sum, although fixed dollar subsidies have the great
virtue of ferreting out cross subsidies, society may not be
satisfied with the results. The scenario described by
Marquis is only one of many. People seem to want lifetime
insurance offering low premiums if things go bad rather than
premiums that change annually as health outcomes are
realized [see, e.g., Light (1992)]. But nondiversible risk
may be too great for a market in life contracts to
exist.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(92)90009-p},
Key = {fds238904}
}
@article{fds21393,
Author = {W. Manning and et al.},
Title = {The Costs of Poor Health Habits},
Journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {327},
Number = {11},
Pages = {823-824},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds21393}
}
@article{fds238655,
Author = {Hickson, GB and Clayton, EW and Githens, PB and Sloan,
FA},
Title = {Factors that prompted families to file medical malpractice
claims following perinatal injuries},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {267},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1359-1363},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.267.10.1359},
Abstract = {Objective. - To identify self-reported reasons that prompt
families to file malpractice claims following perinatal
injuries. Design. - Families were interviewed by telephone
using a questionnaire that contained structured and
open-ended questions. Participants. - Mothers of infants who
had experienced permanent injuries or deaths and had closed
malpractice claims in Florida between 1986 and August 1989
were interviewed. Questionnaires were completed by 127 (35%)
of a total of 368 such families. Outcome Measures. - Reasons
prompting families to file and families' descriptions of
medical events, advice from acquaintances, and the quality
of physicianfamily communication. Results. - Families
volunteered numerous reasons for filing: advised by
knowledgeable acquaintances (33% of respondents), recognized
cover-up (24%), needed money (24%), recognized that their
child would have no future (23%), needed information (20%),
and decided to seek revenge or protect others from harm
(19%). Over one third of all families indicated that they
were told by medical personnel prior to filing that the care
provided had caused their children's injuries. Families
expressed dissatisfaction with physician-patient
communication. Families believed that physicians would not
listen (13% of sample), would not talk openly (32%),
attempted to mislead them (48%), or did not warn about
long-term neurodevelopmental problems (70%). Conclusion. -
Families give many reasons for filing a claim. Obtaining
money may not be the only goal for some families who file
suit.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.267.10.1359},
Key = {fds238655}
}
@article{fds238653,
Author = {Bovbjerg, RR and Sloan, FA and Dor, A and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Juries and justice: are malpractice and other personal
injuries created equal?},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {Winter 5-42},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds238653}
}
@article{fds238654,
Author = {Sloan, FA and van Wert, SS},
Title = {Cost and compensation of injuries in medical
malpractice.},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {Winter 131-68},
Year = {1991},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds238654}
}
@book{fds21338,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and R. Bovbjerb and P. Githens},
Title = {Insuring Medical Malpractice},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds21338}
}
@misc{fds21518,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Erfahrungen mit dem diagnosespezifischen Entgelt von
Krankenhausleistungen in den USA: Das DRG-Experiment},
Pages = {177-205},
Booktitle = {Alternative Entgeltverfahren in der Krankenhausversorgung},
Publisher = {Gerlinger, Ger.: Bleicher Verlag},
Editor = {G. Neubauer and G. Sieben},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds21518}
}
@article{fds238802,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Winners & losers: how medical malpractice disputes are
resolved},
Journal = {The Journal of American health policy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {20-25},
Year = {1991},
Abstract = {Conventional wisdom regarding medical practice disputes is
not supported by facts, and proposals to limit the size of
awards or the size of attorneys' fees do not appear likely
to curb the incidence of lawsuits. A 1989-90 survey of 187
Florida families who had filed suits against physicians
shows that patients are more likely to sue to exact
retribution and to "find out what happened." Those who sued
often cited poor communication by physicians and hospital
emergency room personnel. A prior relationship with a doctor
or hospital didn't protect the provider from a suit. In
four-fifths of the cases studied, total economic loss
exceeded payment. In settlements before trial, the gap was
even larger. Limits on awards would merely exacerbate that
shortfall.},
Key = {fds238802}
}
@article{fds238903,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hoerger, T},
Title = {Uncertainty, Information, and Resolution of Medical
Malpractice Disputes},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {343-363},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00056164},
Abstract = {This study assesses the role of defendant liability in
determining whether the plaintiff receives payment,
relationship of compensation to economic loss, and stage of
dispute resolution. An options pricing model explains how
information acquired affects both decisions to drop or
continue and settlement values, as well as the role of
pecuniary motives for claiming. Cases in which a panel of
physician evaluators thought defendant(s) to be innocent
were much more likely to be dropped, as were cases in which
innocence became more apparent as the case developed.
Compensation was much less than economic loss on average.
Questionable defendant liability meant reduced compensation.
© 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00056164},
Key = {fds238903}
}
@article{fds315386,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Blumstein, J and Bovbjerg, R},
Title = {Beyond Tort Reform: Developing Better Tools for Assessing
Damages for Personal Injuries},
Journal = {Yale Journal on Regulation},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {171-212},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0741-9457},
Key = {fds315386}
}
@article{fds238902,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hassan, M},
Title = {Equity and accuracy in medical malpractice insurance
pricing.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {289-319},
Year = {1990},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1947 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study examines alternative classification approaches
for setting medical malpractice insurance premiums. Insurers
generally form risk classification categories on factors
other than the physician's own loss experience. Our analysis
of such classification approaches indicates different but no
more categories than now used. An actuarially-fair
premium-setting scheme based on the frequency and severity
of the individual physician's losses would substantially
penalize adverse experience. Alternatively, premiums could
be set for groups of physicians, such as hospital medical
staffs. Our simulations suggest that even staffs at rather
small hospitals may be large enough to be
experience-rated.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(90)90048-8},
Key = {fds238902}
}
@article{fds315385,
Author = {SLOAN, FA and HOERGER, TJ and MORRISEY, M and HASSAN,
M},
Title = {The Demise of Hospital Philanthropy},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {725-743},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1990.tb00828.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1990.tb00828.x},
Key = {fds315385}
}
@article{fds238898,
Author = {Hoerger, TJ and Sloan, FA and Hassan, M},
Title = {Loss volatility, bankruptcy, and the demand for
reinsurance},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {221-245},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00116782},
Abstract = {Insurers in our model reinsure to lower the risk of
bankruptcy. In the conceptual part of the study, we show
that given bankruptcy cost, reinsurance may be demanded even
if the insurer is risk-neutral. The model allows us to
assess how the insurer's surplus, size, and volatility of
losses affect the amount of reinsurance the insurer
purchases. As predicted by our comparative statics analysis,
we find empirically that property/casualty and medical
malpractice insurers with higher prereinsurance loss
volatility, lower surplus-to-premium ratios, and smaller
sizes demand more reinsurance. © 1990 Kluwer Academic
Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00116782},
Key = {fds238898}
}
@article{fds238801,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {The future of the hospital: an economist's
perspective.},
Journal = {Transactions & studies of the College of Physicians of
Philadelphia},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {227-262},
Year = {1990},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds238801}
}
@article{fds238899,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Experience rating: does it make sense for medical
malpractice insurance?},
Journal = {The American economic review},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {128-133},
Year = {1990},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1720 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238899}
}
@article{fds238901,
Author = {Zuckerman, S and Bovbjerg, RR and Sloan, F},
Title = {Effects of tort reforms and other factors on medical
malpractice insurance premiums.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {167-182},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Summer},
Abstract = {We use state-level data on physician malpractice premiums,
claims, and awards, provided by insurance companies for the
years 1974 to 1986, to evaluate the effectiveness of the
various tort reforms that have been legislated during the
1970s and 1980s. In addition to the tort reforms, our
analysis of premiums considers insurers' anticipated losses,
returns on investments, the type of insurer, and premium
regulation. Our results suggest that the only reforms that
significantly lower premiums are those that either impose a
cap on the amount of physician liability or reduce the
amount of time a plaintiff has to initiate a claim. We also
find that premiums are lower when states regulate rates by
requiring prior approval of premiums. In addition, it
appears that the observed cyclicality in premiums is due, in
part, to fluctuations in the real interest rates available
to insurers as returns on investments. Unfortunately, we did
not find as strong a link between the determinants of
premiums, claims, and awards as might be
expected.},
Key = {fds238901}
}
@article{fds315387,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hsieh, CR},
Title = {Variability in Medical Malpractice Payments: Is the
Compensation Fair?},
Journal = {Law & Society Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {601-650},
Publisher = {Wiley: 24 months},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1540-5893},
Key = {fds315387}
}
@article{fds238897,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Wedig, G and Hassan, M},
Title = {Hospital Investment Decisions and the Cost of
Capital},
Journal = {Journal of Business},
Volume = {62},
Number = {4},
Pages = {517-536},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2606 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238897}
}
@article{fds238900,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Bovbjerg, R and Blumstein, J},
Title = {Valuing Life and Limb in Tort: Scheduling 'Pain and
Suffering'},
Journal = {Northwestern University Law Review},
Volume = {83},
Number = {4},
Pages = {908-976},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds238900}
}
@book{fds21339,
Title = {Organ Transplantation Policy: Issues and
Prospects},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan and J. Blumstein},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds21339}
}
@article{fds238800,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Mergenhagen, PM and Burfield, WB and Bovbjerg, RR and Hassan, M},
Title = {Medical malpractice experience of physicians. Predictable or
haphazard?},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {262},
Number = {23},
Pages = {3291-3297},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.262.23.3291},
Abstract = {This study uses a large malpractice database from Florida to
assess the concentration of losses among physicians,
predictability of claims experience, characteristics of
physicians with favorable vs unfavorable experience, and
effects of claims experience on physicians' practice
decisions and on actions taken by the state's licensing
board. Most payments by insurers involved a comparatively
small number of physicians. Physicians with relatively
prestigious credentials had no better, and on some
indicators, worse claims experience. If anything, physicians
with adverse claims experience were less likely to make
subsequent changes in their practice, such as quitting
practice or moving to another state. Physicians with very
poor claims histories were more likely to have complains
filled against them with the Florida licensing board, but
the sanctions against physicians with either poor or
excellent histories were not severe. Physicians with adverse
claims experience from incidents that arose between 1975 and
1980 had appreciably worse claims experience from incidents
that arose during 1981 to 1983.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.262.23.3291},
Key = {fds238800}
}
@article{fds327584,
Title = {A physician surplus?},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {319},
Number = {14},
Pages = {954-956},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198810063191419},
Doi = {10.1056/nejm198810063191419},
Key = {fds327584}
}
@article{fds238796,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Morrisey, MA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Medicare prospective payment and the use of medical
technologies in hospitals.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {26},
Number = {9},
Pages = {837-853},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-198809000-00004},
Abstract = {Medicare's Prospective Payment System (PPS) created
incentives to reduce the application of technology to
hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries. Using data from 501
hospitals from 1980 and 1983-85, this study assesses changes
in use of intensive care units and use of nonsurgical
procedures before versus after implementation of PPS. The
percent of hospitalized patients, both Medicare and
non-Medicare, admitted to intensive care units increased
post-PPS. Also, stays within such units remained constant.
However, the percent of inpatients to whom several
nonsurgical procedures were administered was lower post-PPS.
For some (e.g., CAT scanning), the percentage of inpatients
having the procedure continued to increase after PPS but at
a much slower rate. For others, the percent of inpatients
with the procedure declined at a faster rate (e.g.,
intravenous pyelogram). Still others showed utilization
increases during 1980-83 followed by declines thereafter
(e.g., occupational and physical therapy). Before 1983,
there was almost no change in the number of routine tests
per inpatient (e.g., serology and blood chemistry).
Afterwards, there were major decreases. PPS has influenced
the inhospital use of many nonsurgical procedures by both
Medicare and non-Medicare patients.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-198809000-00004},
Key = {fds238796}
}
@misc{fds21519,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Property Rights in the Hospital Industry},
Pages = {103-141},
Booktitle = {Health Care in America: The Political Economy of Hospitals
and Health Insurance},
Publisher = {San Francisco: Pacific Research Institute for Public
Policy},
Editor = {H.E. Frech, III},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds21519}
}
@book{fds21340,
Title = {Cost, Quality, and Equity in Health Care: New Roles for
Health Planing},
Publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc.},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan and J. Blumstein and J. Perrin},
Year = {1988},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds21340}
}
@article{fds238790,
Author = {Valvona, J and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital profitability and capital structure: a comparative
analysis.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {343-357},
Year = {1988},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {This article compares the financial performance of hospitals
by ownership type and of five publicly traded hospital
companies with other industries, using such indicators as
profit margins, return on equity (ROE) and total
capitalization, and debt-to-equity ratios. We also examine
stock returns to investors for the five hospital companies
versus other industries, as well as the relative roles of
debt and equity in new financing. Investor-owned hospitals
had substantially greater margins and ROE than did other
hospital types. In 1982, investor-owned chain hospitals had
a ROE of 26 percent, 18 points above the average for all
hospitals. Stock returns on the five selected hospital
companies were more than twice as large as returns on other
industries between 1972 and 1983. However, after 1983,
returns for these companies fell dramatically in absolute
terms and relative to other industries. We also found
investor-owned hospitals to be much more highly levered than
their government and voluntary counterparts, and more highly
levered than other industries as well.},
Key = {fds238790}
}
@article{fds238797,
Author = {Morrisey, MA and Sloan, FA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Medicare prospective payment and posthospital transfers to
subacute care.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {26},
Number = {7},
Pages = {685-698},
Year = {1988},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-198807000-00004},
Abstract = {This study analyzed the early effects of the Medicare
Prospective Payment System (PPS) on the likelihood of
hospital's discharging Medicare beneficiaries to skilled
nursing facilities (SNFs), intermediate care facilities
(ICFs), and home health agencies. It also examined length of
stay before transfer. Discharge abstract data on patients in
five DRG groups were studied. Data were obtained from 501
hospitals for the third quarters of 1980, 1983, 1984, and
1985. Multinomial logit and ordinary least squares
regression techniques were employed. After controlling for
hospital and patient characteristics, including severity of
illness, it was found that the probability of transfer
increased substantially in virtually all DRGs and discharge
destinations studied. This was particularly true for
patients with stroke, pneumonia, and major joint and hip
procedure. The analysis reveals that PPS increased the rate
of discharges to subacute facilities. This effect was
stronger for transfer to SNFs than to ICFs and home health
agencies. Further, the impact of PPS on transfers was
greater in 1985 than in 1984. Lengths of stay before
transfer tended to decline in almost all DRGs and
destinations examined. However, the effects of PPS on
lengths of stay of transferred patients were not
statistically significant at conventional levels. The
results suggest that payment experiments with broader forms
of bundled services are in order, as are experiments with
hospital acute-subacute swing beds.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-198807000-00004},
Key = {fds238797}
}
@article{fds238791,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Morrisey, MA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Case shifting and the Medicare Prospective Payment
System.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {78},
Number = {5},
Pages = {553-556},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.78.5.553},
Abstract = {We assessed impacts of the Medicare Prospective Payment
System (PPS) during its first two years of operation
(1984-85) on 467 hospitals using data from the Commission on
Professional and Hospital Activities and from the American
Hospital Association. Medicare discharges as a per cent of
total discharges remained constant between 1983 and 1985,
but the per cent of uninsured patients increased, especially
at large public hospitals. The number of Medicare and total
discharges per hospital declined. The number of complex
diagnosis related groups (DRGs) increased, both for Medicare
and non-Medicare. This trend began before the implementation
of PPS and affected all types of hospitals. There was also
an appreciable increase in case mix types of hospitals.
There was also an appreciable increase in case mix severity
within specific DRGs during 1980-85. The proportion of total
patients received from or transferred to other hospitals
rose after 1983, but these increases were very small. The
per cent of Medicare patients admitted through the emergency
room increased, especially after 1983. By contrast, the
share of total non-Medicare admissions through the emergency
room (ER) remained stable. Although the growth of the number
of uninsured and Medicare patients admitted through the ER
predate PPS, they may be influenced by it and warrant
further monitoring.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.78.5.553},
Key = {fds238791}
}
@article{fds238789,
Author = {Schwartz, WB and Sloan, FA and Mendelson, DN},
Title = {Why there will be little or no physician surplus between now
and the year 2000.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {318},
Number = {14},
Pages = {892-897},
Year = {1988},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198804073181405},
Abstract = {Most observers think that by the year 2000 there will be a
considerable surplus of physicians in the United States. In
this paper we present a new framework for estimating the
future balance between supply and demand with respect to
physicians' services. Our analysis suggests that even if
competitive medical plans serve approximately half the
population by the year 2000, there will probably be little
or no physician surplus. Moreover, if a slight surplus
should occur, it is likely to be largely erased by increased
involvement of physicians in administrative activities and a
variety of nontraditional clinical activities that currently
occupy little of a physician's time. Our prediction of
little or no surplus could be altered appreciably, however,
by two forces that would have opposite effects: an
acceleration of technological change would increase demand
beyond our projections, whereas widespread rationing of
beneficial services would constrain the demand for
physicians' services.},
Doi = {10.1056/nejm198804073181405},
Key = {fds238789}
}
@book{fds46443,
Title = {Antitrust and Health Care, Law and Contemporary
Problems},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan and J. Blumstein (special},
Year = {1988},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds46443}
}
@article{fds238894,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Valvona, J and Hassan, M and Morrisey,
MA},
Title = {Cost of capital to the hospital sector.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-45},
Year = {1988},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1953 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper provides estimates of the cost of equity and debt
capital to for-profit and non-profit hospitals in the U.S.
for the years 1972-83. The cost of equity is estimated
using, alternatively, the Capital Asset Pricing Model and
Arbitrage Pricing Theory. We find that the cost of equity
capital, using either model, substantially exceeded
anticipated inflation. The cost of debt capital was much
lower. Accounting for the corporate tax shield on debt and
capital paybacks by cost-based insurers lowered the net cost
of capital to hospitals.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(88)90003-3},
Key = {fds238894}
}
@article{fds238787,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Morrisey, MA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Effects of the Medicare prospective payment system on
hospital cost containment: an early appraisal.},
Journal = {The Milbank quarterly},
Volume = {66},
Number = {2},
Pages = {191-220},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3350030},
Abstract = {In 1983 federal efforts to contain hospital costs were
coalesced under the Medicare prospective payment system
(PPS)--a "self-interest" approach to administered prices.
Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) and the tougher peer review
organizations (PROs) serve to define "products"; PPS sets
the price on each. The effects of PPS go beyond Medicare;
they have been system-wide. Differential impacts on hospital
utilization, substitution of capital for labor, and quality
are examined through a variety of data sources and
descriptive as well as regression analyses. The greatest
cost savings are attributed to a reduction in hospital
admissions per capita.},
Doi = {10.2307/3350030},
Key = {fds238787}
}
@article{fds238793,
Author = {Morrisey, MA and Sloan, FA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Shifting Medicare patients out of the hospital.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {7},
Number = {5},
Pages = {52-64},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.7.5.52},
Abstract = {Medicare's prospective payment system (PPS) created
incentives for the early discharge of hospitalized patients
to sub-acute care: skilled nursing and intermediate care
facilities, home health agencies, and long-term care
hospitals. This study by Michael Morrisey, Frank Sloan, and
Joseph Valvona examines changes in the proportion of
patients transferred, the length-of-stay prior to transfer,
and mean case-mix complexity of transferred patients. Their
conclusions raise a number of issues for health policy and
health care management.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.7.5.52},
Key = {fds238793}
}
@article{fds238794,
Author = {Blumstein, JF and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Antitrust and hospital peer review.},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {7-92},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1191728},
Doi = {10.2307/1191728},
Key = {fds238794}
}
@article{fds238795,
Author = {Morrisey, MA and Sloan, FA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Defining geographic markets for hospital
care.},
Journal = {Law and contemporary problems},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {165-194},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1191730},
Doi = {10.2307/1191730},
Key = {fds238795}
}
@article{fds238896,
Author = {Feldman, R and Sloan, F},
Title = {Competition among physicians, revisited.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {239-261},
Year = {1988},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-13-2-239},
Abstract = {Ten years ago we developed a model of demand inducement in
the physician services market and explored the properties of
that model. We found that predictions concerning physicians'
prices, workloads, and income were ambiguous and in many
cases were consistent with those derived from a standard
monopoly pricing model. Spurred in part by our work,
numerous empirical studies of the demand inducement model
have been conducted. These studies found little evidence of
demand inducement for primary care physician services.
Demand inducement may exist in the market for surgical
services, but its extent is less than previously estimated.
We disagree with those who say that physicians generate
demand to avoid price controls and that national health care
spending is proportional to the number of physicians; the
evidence does not support these arguments. Substantial
uncertainty may surround the physician's choice of diagnosis
and treatment mode. However, this does not imply a breakdown
of the agency relationship. In this paper we extend our
earlier model of demand inducement to include variations in
the quantity of services (which was previously assumed to be
less than socially ideal). Using the model, we conclude that
the major objection to government price setting is not that
physicians will get around the controls by inducing demand;
rather, price controls result in a quantity and quality of
physicians' services that is not ideal and may be inferior
to those provided in an unregulated monopoly.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-13-2-239},
Key = {fds238896}
}
@misc{fds21520,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and M. Shayne},
Title = {Conclusion: Meeting the Health Care Challenges of the
1990s},
Pages = {235-248},
Booktitle = {Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for
Health Planning in a Competitive Environment},
Publisher = {San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
Editor = {F.A. Sloan and J.F. Blumstein and J.M. Perrin},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds21520}
}
@misc{fds21521,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and J.F. Blumstein and J.M. Perrin},
Title = {Finding Solutions to Problems of Access, Quality Assurance,
and Cost Containment},
Pages = {1-20},
Booktitle = {Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for
Health Planning in a Competitive Environment},
Publisher = {San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
Editor = {F.A. Sloan and J.F. Blumstein and J.M. Perrin},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds21521}
}
@misc{fds21522,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Containing Health Expenditures: Lessons Learned from
Certificate-of-Need Programs},
Pages = {44-70},
Booktitle = {Cost, Quality, and Access in Health Care: New Roles for
Health Planning in a Competitive Environment},
Publisher = {San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
Editor = {F.A. Sloan and J.F. Blumstein and J.M. Perrin},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds21522}
}
@article{fds238895,
Author = {Sloan wth, FA and Rosenburg, C},
Title = {Krankenhausfinanzierung in Selbstverwaltung},
Journal = {Journal of Institutional and Theoretical
Economics},
Volume = {144},
Pages = {388-395},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds238895}
}
@article{fds238892,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Huang, C and Adamache, K},
Title = {Estimation of Seemingly Unrelated Tobit Regressions via the
EM Algorithm},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {425-430},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1987},
Month = {July},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1881 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {An expectation-maximum (EM) likelihood algorithm is used to
estimate two seemingly unrelated Tobit regressions in which
the dependent variables are truncated normal. An
illustrative example on the determination of the life-health
insurance and pension benefits is also given. © 1987
American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1987.10509607},
Key = {fds238892}
}
@article{fds238891,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Anderson, K and Butler, JS},
Title = {Labor Market Segmentation: A Cluster Analysis of Job
Groupings and Barriers to Entry},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {571-590},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds238891}
}
@article{fds238649,
Author = {Morrisey, MA and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital philanthropy in the future.},
Journal = {Business and health},
Volume = {3},
Number = {7},
Pages = {11-14},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds238649}
}
@article{fds238645,
Author = {Perrin, JM and Valvona, J and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Changing patterns of hospitalization for children requiring
surgery.},
Journal = {Pediatrics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {587-592},
Year = {1986},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {Increasing health care costs have directed public attention
to changing rates of hospital care. We examined changes in
hospitalization and surgical rates for children during the
decade from 1972 to 1981. Total hospitalizations for
children younger than 15 years of age increased by only 4%
during the decade. For teenagers and young adults (ages 15
to 24 years), hospitalizations declined by 19%. Admissions
for surgery declined more for the younger group than for the
older one. For children younger than 15 years of age,
inpatient tonsillectomies and adenoidectomies (T and A)
decreased 43%, representing 58% of the total decline in
surgical procedures for this age group. Teaching hospitals
continued to provide a sizable proportion of all childhood
surgeries and increased their share of both high- and
low-technology procedures during the decade. Payment sources
varied among procedures. Self-pay varied from a low of 1.6%
for T and A to 13.5% for spina bifida. Private insurance or
Blue Cross payment varied from 59% for congenital heart
disease surgery to 84% for T and A. These data on payments
suggest that some children may lack access to some surgical
care. Furthermore, insofar as the bulk of payment is from
nonfederal sources, changes in hospitalization for surgical
procedures will likely come mainly from changing incentives
in the private sector.},
Key = {fds238645}
}
@article{fds238646,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Perrin, JM and Valvona, J},
Title = {In-hospital mortality of surgical patients: is there an
empiric basis for standard setting?},
Journal = {Surgery},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {446-454},
Year = {1986},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0039-6060},
Abstract = {Several public and private groups have set minimum
procedure-specific volume standards. Such standards reflect
concerns about hospital quality and cost. In-hospital
mortality rates are often taken as one measure of quality.
To learn about variations in in-hospital mortality rates, we
analyzed data on patients who underwent any of seven
surgical procedures from a national cohort of 521 hospitals
observed continuously between 1972 and 1981. On the average,
mortality rates fell as the number of procedures performed
annually at the hospital rose. Volumes at which mortality
rates reached minimum levels were far higher than actual
volumes achieved by the vast majority of hospitals. However,
knowledge of hospital volumes left the major part of
variation among hospitals' procedure-specific mortality
rates unexplained. Many hospitals with low volumes of
certain procedures had no associated deaths. Hospitals
experienced appreciable year-to-year variation in mortality
even though mortality rates fell with the number of years
the procedure was performed at the hospital. Correlations
among mortality rates for the procedures were low,
suggesting that variation in rates is procedure rather than
hospital specific. State rate-setting programs had no effect
on mortality rates associated with the procedures analyzed.
For several reasons, we conclude that an adequate
statistical basis for setting minimum volume standards does
not presently exist.},
Key = {fds238646}
}
@article{fds238890,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Valvona, J and Perrin, JM and Adamache,
KW},
Title = {Diffusion of surgical technology. An exploratory
study.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-61},
Year = {1986},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1950 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The study presents an empirical analysis of the diffusion
patterns of five surgical procedures. Roles of payer mix,
regulatory policies, physician diffusion, competition among
hospitals, and various hospital characteristics such as size
and the spread of technologies are examined. The principal
data base is a time series cross-section of 521 hospitals
based on discharge abstracts sent to the Commission on
Professional and Hospital Activities. Results on the whole
are consistent with a framework used to study innovations in
other contexts in which the decisions of whether to innovate
and timing depend on anticipated streams of returns and
cost. Innovation tends to be more likely to occur in markets
in which the more generous payers predominate. But the
marginal effects of payer mix are small compared to effects
of location and hospital characteristics, such as size and
teaching status. Hospital rate-setting sometimes retarded
diffusion. Certificate of need programs did
not.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(86)90021-4},
Key = {fds238890}
}
@article{fds238647,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Prospective payment for hospital capital by Medicare: issues
and options.},
Journal = {Health care management review},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {25-33},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004010-198601120-00004},
Abstract = {After this year, Medicare will no longer reimburse
capital-related expenses. Instead, a new approach may be
implemented. Should the new capital payment scheme be
prospective? Should Medicare continue to recognize return on
equity? What will be the relationship between Medicare
payment and health care planning? These and other questions
should be asked since the answers will directly affect the
health care setting.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004010-198601120-00004},
Key = {fds238647}
}
@article{fds238648,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Hay, JW},
Title = {Medicare pricing mechanisms for physician services: an
overview of alternative approaches.},
Journal = {Medical care review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-100},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107755878604300103},
Doi = {10.1177/107755878604300103},
Key = {fds238648}
}
@article{fds238783,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Valvona, J},
Title = {Why has hospital length of stay declined? An evaluation of
alternative theories.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-73},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(86)90309-6},
Abstract = {This study evaluates the importance of several potential
determinants of observed decreases in hospital stays for
patients undergoing each of 11 surgical procedures using a
panel of 521 hospitals covering 1971-1981. Observed
decreases in stays for these patients were substantial. If
anything, the complexity of cases treated rose and, for this
reason, stays should have risen. Neither state prospective
payment nor Professional Standards Review Organization
programs reduced stays and may have increased them.
Competitive influences had no effect. Changes in payer mix
and hospital ownership were too small to have had an impact.
Evidently the decreases were mainly due to improvements in
surgical technique and other changes in medical practice.
Several implications for Medicare's new payment system are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/0277-9536(86)90309-6},
Key = {fds238783}
}
@article{fds238784,
Author = {Schoenman, JA and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Why have surgeons moved to the country?},
Journal = {The Quarterly review of economics and business},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {25-47},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds238784}
}
@article{fds315384,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Adamache, KW},
Title = {Taxation and the growth of nonwage compensation},
Journal = {Public Finance Review},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {115-137},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1091-1421},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114218601400201},
Abstract = {Until recently, there have been no attempts to measure the
influence of the income tax system on fringe benefits. A
model is specified that links the tax system to fringe
benefits. In addition, other determinants of the demand for
and supply of fringe benefits are discussed. Using a
time-series cross-section of establishment data, the
influence of income taxes and other determinants on employer
contributions to “voluntary” nonwage compensation is
estimated. Using Tobit analysis, we find that higher
marginal tax rates increase employer contributions to
pensions and to life, accident, and health insurance. We
also link our results to losses in federal tax revenues due
to fringe benefits. © 1986, Sage Publications. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114218601400201},
Key = {fds315384}
}
@misc{fds21526,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Identifying the Issues: A Statistical Profile},
Booktitle = {Uncompensated Hospital Care: Rights and Responsibilities},
Publisher = {Johns Hopkins Press},
Editor = {F. Sloan and J. Blumstein and J. Perrin},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds21526}
}
@book{fds21342,
Title = {Uncompensated Hospital Care: Rights and Responsibilities},
Publisher = {John Hopkins Press},
Editor = {Frank A. Sloan and J. Blumstein and J. Perrin},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds21342}
}
@article{fds238778,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Perrin, JM and Valvona, J},
Title = {The teaching hospital's growing surgical
caseload.},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {254},
Number = {3},
Pages = {376-382},
Year = {1985},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1985.03360030066025},
Abstract = {A competitive marketplace potentially creates new pressures
for teaching hospitals. To assess possible trends in
teaching hospitals' caseload, we studied surgical
utilization in 1972 and 1981 using two national data sets.
The percentage of total patients hospitalized for surgery
increased in teaching hospitals between 1972 and 1981.
Nonteaching hospitals adopted several new procedures, such
as hip arthroplasty. However, increased volume attributable
to the spread of procedures to additional hospitals was
small when compared with volume increases experienced by
hospitals that performed these procedures in 1972. Teaching
hospitals' caseloads grew for well-established surgical
procedures such as cholecystectomy, delivery, and mastectomy
and for newer, high-technology procedures such as hip
arthroplasty and coronary artery surgery. Overall surgical
case complexity was relatively high in teaching hospitals in
1972, and the disparity with nonteaching hospitals increased
during the decade. Distribution of surgical patients by
payment source varied appreciably among surgical procedures,
but not among hospitals by teaching status. Teaching
hospitals were successful in attracting patients from 1972
to 1981; however, several new pressures are emerging that
should be watched.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1985.03360030066025},
Key = {fds238778}
}
@article{fds238889,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Adamache, K},
Title = {Fringe Benefits: To Tax of Not to Tax?},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-64},
Year = {1985},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds238889}
}
@article{fds238779,
Author = {Becker, ER and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital ownership and performance.},
Journal = {Economic inquiry},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21-36},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1985.tb01750.x},
Abstract = {This study compares the performance of three ownership forms
of hospitals: for profit, private nonprofit, and public,
further classified according to whether or not the hospital
is run by a hospital chain. Data come from a 1979 national
survey of U.S. hospitals. The authors find that hospital
cost is quite similar among alternative ownership forms as
is profitability. The results do not provide much empirical
support for standard property rights theory. Several reasons
are suggested why this may be so.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1985.tb01750.x},
Key = {fds238779}
}
@article{fds238780,
Author = {Valvona, J and Sloan, F},
Title = {Rising rates of surgery among the elderly.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {108-119},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.4.3.108},
Abstract = {Cost-containment efforts of Medicare as well as other
insurers have been frequently, if not mostly, oriented
toward restraining the increase of price rather than the
quantity of services provided. Utilization patterns have not
been very well described, except at a high level of
aggregation, and reasons for the variation observed have not
been adequatly analyzed. Lack of policy emphasis on
utilization control is understandable. Requiring additional
cost sharing of beneficiaries is widely seen as inequitable
and outright rationing carries a bad connotation. There has
been a notable increase in consumption of both hospital and
physician services by the elderly on a population-adjusted
basis. Between 1977 and 1982, hospital discharges per person
age sixty-five and over grew by 12 percent while the
corrsponding discharge rate for the under sixty-five
population was unchanged. The number of surgical and other
procedures performed on the elderly increased dramatically
in absolute terms, per hospital discharge, and per capita.
Visits to physicians remained unchanged. Trends for an
earlier period largely reveal the same picture.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.4.3.108},
Key = {fds238780}
}
@article{fds238781,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {State responses to the malpractice insurance "crisis" of the
1970s: an empirical assessment.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {629-646},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9-4-629},
Abstract = {Almost all states enacted legislation in response to the
rapid rise in malpractice insurance premiums which occurred
during the mid-1970s. After describing the types of
statutory changes enacted, this study evaluates the
influence of these changes on levels and growth of premiums
paid by general practitioners, ophthalmologists, and
orthopedic surgeons during 1974-78. The empirical results of
the study presented here give no indication that individual
state legislative actions, or actions taken collectively,
had their intended effects on premiums. Several explanations
for this result are explored.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-9-4-629},
Key = {fds238781}
}
@misc{fds21524,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Competition Strategy: An American View},
Pages = {308-204},
Booktitle = {Wettbewerb im Gesundheitswesen},
Publisher = {Gerlinger, W. Ger.: Bleicher Verlag},
Editor = {Walter Hamm and Guenter Neubauer},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds21524}
}
@article{fds238886,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {State Discretion in Federal Categorical Assistance Programs:
Analysis of Variations in Medicaid Payments for Physicians'
Services},
Journal = {Public Finance Quarterly},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {321-346},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1984},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114218401200303},
Abstract = {Categorical assistance programs to date have provided
themost common method for transterring public funds from the
federal government to states and localities. This study
develops a model for a representative voter-taxpayer in
which income redistribution is viewed as a public good. The
model yields several unambiguous predictions about the
effect of selected exogenous variables, including taxpayer
income, the number of poor persons in the state, and the
federal matching proportion for Medicaid (which varies by
state) on the amount the Medicaid program pays doctors per
procedure. An alternative view is that Medicaid payments are
determined largely by interactions among government
bureaucracies, private insurance carriers serving as fiscal
agents for Medicaid, and physicians. Explanatory variables
consistent with the bureaucratic view are included in some
regressions. The most important result is that the federal
matching proportion has a substantial impact on generosity
of state Medicaid programs. © 1984, Sage Publications. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114218401200303},
Key = {fds238886}
}
@article{fds238775,
Author = {Ginsburg, PB and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital cost shifting.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {310},
Number = {14},
Pages = {893-898},
Year = {1984},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198404053101406},
Abstract = {The issue of payment differentials or 'cost shifting' is a
complex one to analyze and a difficult one to resolve. Its
resolution may not be found in specific changes in
reimbursement policies but rather in dealing with broad
policy issues, such as whether to use greater reliance on
market forces or increased regulation to constrain the
growth of medical-care costs and the extent to which
indigent patients who are not eligible for Medicare and
Medicaid are to be served and how such care should be
financed.},
Doi = {10.1056/nejm198404053101406},
Key = {fds238775}
}
@article{fds238888,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital rate review: a theory and an empirical
review.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-86},
Year = {1984},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1954 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(84)90028-6},
Key = {fds238888}
}
@article{fds238771,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Becker, ER},
Title = {Cross-subsidies and payment for hospital
care.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {660-685},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8-4-660},
Abstract = {This study uses hospital data from the 1979 American
Hospital Association Reimbursement Survey in a multivariate
framework to assess the impact of discounts and third-party
reimbursement on hospital costs and profitability. Three
central issues are addressed: (1) Is a differential payment
justified for Medicare, Medicaid, and/or Blue Cross on the
basis of differential costs? (2) Have the cost-containment
efforts of the dominant payers reduced total payments to
hospitals? and (3) What part of the overall savings in
payments to hospitals is in the form of reduced costs rather
than reduced profits? On the basis of the evidence in this
study, we find (1) that the differential payment is not
justified; (2) that the cost-containment efforts of the
dominant payers have reduced total payments to hospitals
somewhat, but a substantial amount of cost-shifting remains;
and (3) that the savings is in profits, rather than in
costs.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-8-4-660},
Key = {fds238771}
}
@article{fds238773,
Author = {Kehrer, BH and Sloan, FA and Wooldridge, J},
Title = {Changes in primary medical care delivery, 1975-1979:
findings from the physician capacity utilization
surveys.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine (1982)},
Volume = {18},
Number = {8},
Pages = {653-660},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(84)90293-4},
Abstract = {Data from two national telephone surveys of office-based
primary care physicians are used to examine changes in
patterns of care delivery between 1975 and 1979 in
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Aspects of care
delivery considered include physician availability, average
physician workload, qualitative attributes of the care
delivered, physicians' policies toward acceptance of new
patients and fees. Physician availability relative to
population increased in metropolitan areas but was unchanged
in nonmetropolitan areas. The average number of office
visits provided per week declined for physicians in all
areas, offsetting to some extent the increase in physician
availability; average weekly office visit rates declined
most in nonmetropolitan areas. Most of the indicators of the
qualitative attributes of care examined suggest that access
to primary care physicians increased in both metropolitan
and nonmetropolitan areas, though not substantially. Fees
increased in real terms in all areas. Relatively fewer
physicians were refusing to accept new patients in 1979 than
in 1975. The possibility that specialists are providing more
primary care in nonmetropolitan areas is considered as a
possible explanation for the improvement in qualitative
attributes of care delivered by primary care physicians in
nonmetropolitan areas despite the decline in per capita
office visits provided by primary care physicians in those
areas.},
Doi = {10.1016/0277-9536(84)90293-4},
Key = {fds238773}
}
@misc{fds21527,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Physicians and Hospitals: Implications of an Expanding
Physician Supply},
Pages = {99-115},
Booktitle = {The Coming Physician Surplus: In Search of a Public
Policy},
Publisher = {Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Allanheld},
Editor = {Eli Ginzberg and M. Ostow},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds21527}
}
@misc{fds21528,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Changing Reimbursement Patterns: Lessons for the
Future},
Pages = {155-170},
Booktitle = {Health Care Institutions in Flux: Changing Reimbursement
Patterns in the 1980s},
Publisher = {Arlington, VA: Information Resources Press},
Editor = {Warren Greenberg and Richard McK. F. Southby},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds21528}
}
@article{fds238777,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Physician reimbursement: Diagnosis and prescription},
Journal = {Journal of Ambulatory Care Management},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {72-83},
Year = {1984},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004479-198411000-00009},
Abstract = {The current way the vast majority of physicians are
reimbursed is far from perfect. Even though no ideal system
will ever be devised, it is possible to do much better. The
UCR system has long outlived its usefulness, if, infact, it
was ever useful. Payments per unit of service should be
realigned. Patients' uncertainty with respect to their
cost-sharing obligation could be reduced by eliminating
per-case participation arrangements and by providing better
information to patients on which physicians have agreed to
participate.},
Doi = {10.1097/00004479-198411000-00009},
Key = {fds238777}
}
@article{fds315383,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Becker, E},
Title = {For-Profits vs. Non-Profits: A Phantom Issue},
Journal = {Technology Review},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {13-15},
Publisher = {Technology Review},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {1099-274X},
Key = {fds315383}
}
@article{fds238887,
Author = {Adamache, KW and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Competition between non-profit and for-profit health
insurers.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {225-243},
Year = {1983},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1949 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study investigates the effects of tax, regulatory, and
reimbursement policies and other factors exogenous to the
health insurance market on the relative price (to commercial
insurers) paid by Blue Cross plans for hospital care, their
administrative expense and accounting profits, premiums, and
ultimately Blue Cross market share. We specify and estimate
a simultaneous equation model to assess interrelationships
among these variables. We conclude that premium tax
advantages enjoyed by the Blues have virtually no effect on
the Blues' premiums or their market shares. A Blue Cross
plans' market share has a positive effect on the discount it
obtains from hospitals as does coverage of Blue Shield
charges by a state-mandated rate-setting plan. An upper
bound on the effect on the Blue Cross market share of
covering Blue Cross under rate-setting but excluding the
commercials from such coverage is seven percentage points.
Tests for administrative slack in the operation of Blue
Cross plans yield mixed results.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-6296(83)80003-4},
Key = {fds238887}
}
@article{fds21453,
Author = {C. Havighurst},
Title = {Deregulating the Health Care Industry},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {598-599},
Year = {1983},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds21453}
}
@article{fds238883,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Feldman, RD and Steinwald, AB},
Title = {Effects of teaching on hospital costs.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-28},
Year = {1983},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1951 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study estimates effects of undergraduate and graduate
medical education on hospital costs, using a national sample
of 367 U.S. community hospitals observed in 1974 and 1977.
Data on other cost determinants, such as casemix, allow us
to isolate the influence of teaching with greater precision
than most previous studies. Non-physician expense in major
teaching hospitals is at most 20 percent higher than in
non-teaching hospitals; the teaching effect is about half
this for hospitals with more limited teaching programs.
Results for ancillary service departments are consistent
with those for the hospital as a whole.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(83)90009-7},
Key = {fds238883}
}
@article{fds238769,
Author = {James, AE and Sloan, F and Blumstein, J and Winfield, AC and Pendergrass, HP},
Title = {Certificate-of-need in an antitrust context.},
Journal = {Journal of health politics, policy and law},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {314-319},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8-2-314},
Abstract = {Recent cases such as National Gerimedical Hospital and
Gerontology Center v. Blue Cross of Kansas City have found
that certificate-of-need (CON) legislation did not intend to
remove antitrust considerations. This note discusses the
exemptions from antitrust provided by the state action
doctrine of Parker v. Brown as well as the Noerr-Pennington
doctrine, both of which appear to protect provider input
into the CON process. Providing information that assists
decision-making must be carefully distinguished from
providing data that serve the interests of physicians and
hospitals.},
Doi = {10.1215/03616878-8-2-314},
Key = {fds238769}
}
@article{fds238770,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Rate regulation as a strategy for hospital cost control:
evidence from the last decade.},
Journal = {The Milbank Memorial Fund quarterly. Health and
society},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {195-221},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3349905},
Doi = {10.2307/3349905},
Key = {fds238770}
}
@article{fds238772,
Author = {Morrisey, MA and Sloan, FA and Mitchell, SA},
Title = {State rate setting: an analysis of some unresolved
issues.},
Journal = {Health affairs (Project Hope)},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {36-47},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2.2.36},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2.2.36},
Key = {fds238772}
}
@article{fds238885,
Author = {Becker, ER and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Utilization of hospital services: the roles of teaching,
case mix, and reimbursement.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {248-257},
Year = {1983},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {This study examined the role of hospital teaching
affiliation, third-party payer mix, physician compensation,
and case mix on the utilization of inpatient services. Using
multivariate analysis with five different utilization
measures, we found that: 1) the level of teaching activity
and commitment to teaching had no significant effect on the
scope of inpatient service utilization; 2) self-pay patients
were low utilizers whereas Medicaid patients were high
utilizers; 3) inpatient utilization appeared to be lower
when physicians were compensated on a salaried basis; and 4)
case mix had a significant impact on inpatient
utilization.},
Key = {fds238885}
}
@article{fds304441,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Vraciu, RA},
Title = {Investor-owned and not-for-profit hospitals: Addressing some
issues},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-37},
Publisher = {Health Affairs (Project Hope)},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2.1.25},
Abstract = {Interest in the comparative economic performance of
for-profit hospitals and not-for-profit hospitals has
intensified in recent years as these institutions have
increasingly come to compete for patients, patient care
services, and, in some cases, even for physicians. The
article that follows strives to shed light on how these
hospitals compare on selected, but nonetheless important,
factors. By comparing information available on Florida
hospitals, Sloan and Vraciu strive to prove that hospitals
do not behave differently simply because they are structured
on a for-profit or not-for-profit basis. Regardless of the
type of ownership, Sloan and Vraciu maintain, hospitals must
balance their financial needs with the social
responsibilities in which they are investigated by society.
A particularly striking finding is that the community costs
of the for-profit and not-for profit hospitals-all of which
are nonteaching institutions in this study-are quite
similar. Investor-owned system hospitals and not-for profit
hospitals are virtually identical in terms of after-tax
profit margins, percentages of Medicare and Medicaid patient
days, the dollar value of charity care, and bad debt
adjustments to revenue. There are some differences in the
services offered by the two groups of hospitals, but there
is no pattern regard to 'profitable versus nonprofitable
services.'},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2.1.25},
Key = {fds304441}
}
@misc{fds21529,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Issuing Medicaid Vouchers},
Pages = {159-175},
Booktitle = {New Approaches to the Medicaid Crisis: Proceedings of the
1981 Commonwealth Fund Forum},
Publisher = {New York: Frost and Sullivan, Inc.},
Editor = {Robert J. Blendon and Thomas W. Moloney},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds21529}
}
@article{fds238767,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Schwartz, WB},
Title = {More doctors: What will they cost? Physician income as
supply expands},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {249},
Number = {6},
Pages = {766-769},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1983},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.249.6.766},
Abstract = {During the 1970s, expenditures for physicians' services rose
by $12.7 billion (in 1979 dollars), but only about one fifth
of this amount could be attributed to an increase in number
of physicians relative to population. Other factors, chiefly
demographic changes and greater insurance coverage, were
responsible for the bulk of higher expenditures. Despite the
growth in number of physicians, real income of individual
physicians remained virtually constant. Maintenance of real
income was not, however, appreciably dependent on physicians
inducing an unwarranted demand for their services. We
predict that as the physician supply expands by25% to 35%
during the 1980s, real payments to physicians will increase
by some $14 to $20 billion (1979 dollars). As in the past
decade, however, only about one fifth of the amount will be
attributable to an increase in physician supply. Gross
income of individual physicians is likely to rise by 10% to
15% (in 1979 dollars) over the decade, but net income
probably will show little increase or may even fall
slightly.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.249.6.766},
Key = {fds238767}
}
@article{fds238881,
Author = {Becker, ER and Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Union activity in hospitals: past, present, and
future.},
Journal = {Health care financing review},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-13},
Year = {1982},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Between 1970 and 1980, the percentage of hospitals with one
or more collective bargaining contracts increased from 15.7
percent to 27.4 percent. A substantial amount of variation
exists in the extent of unionism on the basis of hospital
ownership, bed size, and location. Employees are more likely
to organize when hospitals in the State are regulated by a
mandatory rate-setting program. Unions raise hospital
employee's wages--a modal estimate for RNs is about 6
percent; the corresponding figure for nonprofessional
employees is about 10 percent. Growth of union activity in
hospitals has generally not been a major contributor to
hospital wage inflation, and less than 10 percent of the
increase in real (relative to the Consumer Price Index)
spending for hospital care that occurred during the 1970s
can be attributed to union growth. We project that between
45 and 50 percent of all hospitals will have at least one
union by 1990.},
Key = {fds238881}
}
@article{fds238879,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Government and the regulation of hospital
care.},
Journal = {The American economic review},
Volume = {72},
Number = {2},
Pages = {196-201},
Year = {1982},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1731 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238879}
}
@article{fds238880,
Author = {Adamache, KW and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Unions and hospitals: some unresolved issues.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-108},
Year = {1982},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6296(82)90022-4},
Abstract = {This article investigates the impact of unions on the wages
of hospital workers. Our OLS findings agree with previous
OLS studies--unions increase registered nurses' (RNs) wages
by five percent and by about eight to ten percent for other
hospital workers. By contrast, we find (after correcting for
selectivity bias in hospital unionization status) a direct
union effect of about twenty percent on RN wages and in
excess of thirty percent on wages of other hospital workers.
While the results based on selectivity bias adjustments make
us uneasy, we do not reject them out-of-hand. We also find
indirect union effects (up to five percent) by other
unionized occupations within a hospital and up to ten
percent by other unionized hospitals in the local labor
market. Prospective reimbursement programs have a negative
impact on the wages of hospital workers but are only
significant for non-unionized occupations. Our three
empirical tests of monopsony all reject the view that
monopsony is a factor in hospital wage-setting. Even
considering the large union effects (based on selectivity
bias adjustment), we conclude that unions have been a minor
contributor to hospital cost inflation.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(82)90022-4},
Key = {fds238880}
}
@article{fds238882,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effects of health insurance on physicians'
fees.},
Journal = {The Journal of human resources},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {533-557},
Year = {1982},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/145614},
Abstract = {According to conventional wisdom, the growth of health
insurance is partly responsible for the rise in physicians'
fees; however, to date, convincing empirical evidence is
lacking. A standard model of physician fee determination
yields unambiguous predictions about insurance effects on
fees. Empirical evidence, based on national interview
surveys of physicians, shows insurance does affect fees in
the predicted direction. Insurance parameter estimates imply
that a $1.00 increase in an insurer's fee schedule raises
physicians' fees somewhere between $0.13 and $0.35 on
average. The higher fees could be associated with higher
quality, an issue discussed in the last section.},
Doi = {10.2307/145614},
Key = {fds238882}
}
@article{fds238877,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Regulation and the Rising Cost of Hospital
Care},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {279-287},
Year = {1981},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds238877}
}
@article{fds238876,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Feldman, R and Paringer, L},
Title = {Contractual Arrangements Between Hospitals and
Physicians},
Journal = {Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {155-170},
Year = {1981},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238876}
}
@article{fds238878,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Becker, ER},
Title = {Internal organization of hospitals and hospital
costs.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {224-239},
Year = {1981},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {This study contributes to current knowledge about hospital
boards and executive committees in these ways. First, on
balance, from the standpoint of hospital expense per
adjusted patient day and/or admission, there is no reason to
exclude physicians from boards, and there is even some
indication that costs are lowered when doctors participate.
The precise mechanism is unclear. Even though physician
presence on boards can provide a forum for arguing
self-interest of doctors, their presence probably also
increases physician awareness of effects of micro decisions
on the overall picture. This inference should be tempered
somewhat, since the regressions also show that costs are
lower in hospitals with executive committees without
physician members. Second, variables such as board size have
no effect on the overall costliness of the hospital. Large
boards often exist to please or appease certain
constituencies in the community rather than to participate
actively in hospital decisionmaking. Papers often end with
pleas for future research. In this instance, however, the
case for additional research is unusually strong. First,
empirical analysis with more comprehensive cost-dependent
variables is at the top of the list. Second, hospitalwide
efficiency measures may obscure important developments at
the level of individual departments; analysis should be
conducted at this level. Third, hospital regulation often
has been viewed as a mechanism for achieving positive
internal organizational changes within hospitals. There is
no hard evidence to date that regulation has had such
effects, but certainly this is a legitimate empirical
question. Fourth, research on the effects of introducing
specific cost-minimizing incentives with regard to doctors'
behavior in hospitals should have a high
priority.},
Key = {fds238878}
}
@misc{fds21530,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and B. Steinwald},
Title = {Regulatory Approaches to Hospital Cost Containment: A
Synthesis of the Empirical Evidence},
Pages = {274-308},
Booktitle = {A New Approach to the Economics of Health
Care},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute},
Editor = {Mancur Olson},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds21530}
}
@article{fds315381,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Blumstein, J},
Title = {Redefining Government's Role in Health Care: Is a Dose of
Competition What the Doctor Should Order?},
Journal = {Vanderbilt Law Review},
Volume = {34},
Number = {4},
Pages = {849-926},
Year = {1981},
ISSN = {1942-9886},
Key = {fds315381}
}
@article{fds238874,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Elnicki, R},
Title = {Nurse Staffing in Hospitals: A Microeconometric
Analysis},
Journal = {Industrial Relations},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-33},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1980},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1980.tb00150.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-232X.1980.tb00150.x},
Key = {fds238874}
}
@article{fds238764,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {The internal organization of hospitals: a descriptive
study.},
Journal = {Health services research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {203-230},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This study presents descriptive information on several
dimensions of the internal organization of hospitals, with
particular emphasis on medical staff, using data from two
unique national surveys. Three alternative theories of
hospital behavior by economists are described and evaluated
with these data. The study also shows how standard bed size,
teaching, and ownership categories relate to important
features of hospital organization. In this way,
understanding of these standard "control" variables is
enhanced. For example, systematic organizational differences
between proprietary and other hospitals are reported,
holding bed size and teaching status constant. No single
theory of hospital behavior emerges as dominant. The tables
demonstrate the diversity of hospitals and the likelihood
that no single model can adequately describe the behavior of
all hospitals.},
Key = {fds238764}
}
@article{fds238875,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Effects of regulation on hospital costs and input
use.},
Journal = {The Journal of law & economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {81-109},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2609 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This study's objective is to gauge the impact of three major
forms of recent hospital regulation: controls on expansion
of facilities and services; controls on allowable revenue
and/or cost increases; and controls on utilization of
hospital services. Section II presents a description of
regulatory institutions including the specific programs
examined in this study. Section III describes data, variable
construction, and model specification. Empirical findings,
with references to comparable findings from past research,
are contained in Section IV. Conclusions and policy
implications are presented in Section V. The evidence
suggests that, as a group, regulatory programs did not
meaningfully contain hospital costs during the first half of
the 1970s. The results are consistent with three alternative
views: (a) the regulations examined in this study do not
have the capability of controlling hospital costs; (b) the
regulations are effective, but our empirical approach was
inappropriate to capture these effects; or (c) the
regulations are potentially effective, but the time period
studied was not long enough or was too soon after
implementation in most cases for these effects to have
become measurable. The authors feel that the first
explanation is far more likely than the third.},
Doi = {10.1086/466953},
Key = {fds238875}
}
@misc{fds21534,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Discussion},
Pages = {93-95},
Booktitle = {The Target Income Hypothesis},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 80-271},
Editor = {U.S. Department of Health and Education and Welfare},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds21534}
}
@book{fds21343,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and B. Steinwald},
Title = {Insurance, Regulation, and Hospital Costs},
Publisher = {Lexington Books, D.C. Heath},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds21343}
}
@book{fds21344,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and B. Steinwald},
Title = {Hospital Labor Markets: Analysis of Wages and Work Force
Composition},
Publisher = {Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds21344}
}
@misc{fds21532,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Patient Care Reimbursement: Implications for Medical
Education and Physician Distribution},
Pages = {57-93},
Booktitle = {Medical Education Financing: Policy Analysis and Options for
the 1980s},
Publisher = {New York: PRODIST},
Editor = {J. Hadley},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds21532}
}
@article{fds238763,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Khakoo, R and Cluff, LE and Waldman,
RH},
Title = {The impact of infectious and allergic diseases on the
quality of life.},
Journal = {Social science & medicine},
Volume = {13A},
Number = {4},
Pages = {473-482},
Year = {1979},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0160-7979},
Abstract = {Although there has been a dramatic decrease in infectious
diseases which cause death and widespread misery, minor
transient illnesses and chronic diseases continue to occur
or have become more common. Although it is generally
appreciated that these diseases have a great impact on the
quality of life, few studies have been carried out to assess
these impacts. Such studies are necessary in order to define
our priorities for further research and/or applying our
current knowledge with respect to prevention and therapy.
The quality of life cannot be easily defined or described,
as it is predicated upon criteria derived from some value
system, which is obviously variable. Although terms
associated with the quality of life are not easily
understood or uniformly accepted, they are associated with
many attitudes, behavioral or functional features which can,
at least, in part be assessed to characterize personal and
social living. The impact of disease upon them requires more
intensive study, especially those diseases which may have
covert consequences which can affect function and behavior.
Acute illnesses in childhood may produce persistent subtle
disability with far ranging impacts. Research in this area
is promising although still in its infancy. ©
1979.},
Key = {fds238763}
}
@book{fds21345,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and J. Bentkover},
Title = {Access to Physicians and the U.S. Economy},
Publisher = {Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds21345}
}
@misc{fds21535,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Is the Market for Physicians' Services Monopolistic or
Competitive?},
Pages = {67-80},
Booktitle = {Profile of Medical Practice},
Publisher = {Chicago: American Medical Association},
Editor = {J.C. Gaffney and G.L. Glandon},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds21535}
}
@misc{fds21537,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Toward Measures of Equity in the Delivery of Health Care
Services},
Pages = {187-216},
Booktitle = {Nourishing the Humanistic in Medicine: Interactions with the
Social Sciences},
Publisher = {University of Pittsburgh Press},
Editor = {W.T. Rogers and D. Barnard},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds21537}
}
@article{fds238873,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Variations in appointment delays for physicians' services:
Theory and empirical evidence},
Journal = {Policy Sciences},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {89-104},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1978},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0032-2687},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136028},
Abstract = {Waiting times for physician appointments have been used in
past studies as a measure of access to, or excess demand
pressure on, local ambulatory care systems. This paper
offers an alternative view-that short appointment delays are
one of several types of amenities produced by physicians in
combination with health services. Empirical evidence is
presented that illuminates some previously unknown
relationships between appointment delays, patient diagnosis,
site of care, and family income. A model is developed with
the capability of predicting short-run responses to changes
in demand for physicians' services. The model and empirical
evidence are used as the basis for interpreting recent
experience in Canada with its system of national health
insurance (NHI) and for predicting potential consequences
regarding the production of amenities of NHI in the US. ©
1978 Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00136028},
Key = {fds238873}
}
@misc{fds21538,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and R. Feldman},
Title = {Monopolistic Elements in the Market for Physicians'
Services},
Pages = {57-131},
Booktitle = {Competition in the Health Care Sector: Past, Present, and
Future},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission},
Editor = {W. Greenberg},
Year = {1978},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds21538}
}
@article{fds238760,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Determinants of hospital wage inflation. Part 1. Effects of
insurance, regulation, and other factors; Final report and
executive summary. Part 2. Wage-setting in the hospital
industry: Evidence from the 60's and the 70's; final report
and executive summary},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This study analyzes sources of growth in hospital costs and
inputs from 1970-1975 using a data base of 1,228 nonfederal
short-term hospitals. Factors affecting hospital labor
market setting at various levels of aggregation are also
discussed. The effects of a number of policy-relevant
variables on hospital costs, inputs, labor composition, and
wage dependent variables were studied. Regulatory programs
had little effect on containing hospital costs and inputs;
real wages of hospital employees declined in the 1970s;
hospital worker quality increased considerably relative to
other industries; and minimum wage legislation and
unionization had a positive effect on hospital wages.
Increased third party hospital reimbursement has led to
growth in hospital inputs, wages, and costs.},
Key = {fds238760}
}
@article{fds238761,
Author = {Sloan, F and Mitchell, J and Cromwell, J},
Title = {Physician participation in state Medicaid
programs.},
Journal = {The Journal of human resources},
Volume = {13 Suppl},
Pages = {211-245},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/145253},
Abstract = {Medicaid requires that physicians who accept Medicaid
reimbursement for treating a patient agree to accept its
payment as payment in full. Policy instruments under
Medicaid's control are both levels of reimbursement and
various administrative burdens imposed on physicians by the
program. A model depicting the physician's participation
decision is developed, and predictions from the comparative
statics analysis are discussed. Data came from a 1975--76
survey of fee-for-service physicians. The results indicate
that high fee schedules and low administrative burdens are
ways to stimulate physician involvement with Medicaid
patients. Results on the Medicaid policy instruments and
other explanatory variables on the whole lend support to the
model of physician behavior proposed earlier in the
paper.},
Doi = {10.2307/145253},
Key = {fds238761}
}
@article{fds238871,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Physician participation in health insurance plans: evidence
on Blue Shield.},
Journal = {The Journal of human resources},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {237-263},
Year = {1978},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/145360},
Abstract = {Various health insurance programs, including Blue Shield,
have developed arrangements whereby the physician agrees to
accept the insurer's reimbursement as payment in full.
Incentives facing the physician to accept an arrangement of
this type are reviewed in this study. The empirical work
uses data on individual physicians from a 1973 survey. The
results indicate that physician willingness to accept
insurer reimbursement as payment in full is sensitive to the
amount the insurer pays for specific procedures and to other
insurance program characteristics. Physicians located in
high patient income areas and/or with relatively prestigious
credentials are less likely to accept insurer payments as
payment in full. The empirical findings are used to generate
policy implications pertaining to the Medicare and Medicaid
programs, to medical care quality-access tradeoffs, and to
national health insurance.},
Doi = {10.2307/145360},
Key = {fds238871}
}
@article{fds238872,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {The demand for physicians' services in alternative practice
settings: a multiple logit analysis.},
Journal = {The Quarterly review of economics and business},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-61},
Year = {1978},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238872}
}
@book{fds21347,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and J. Cromwell},
Title = {Private Physicians and Public Programs},
Publisher = {Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds21347}
}
@book{fds46439,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Equalizing Access to Nursing Services: The Geographic
Dimension},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds46439}
}
@article{fds21477,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and J. Mitchell and J. Cromwell},
Title = {Physician Participation in Medicaid Programs},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {13},
Series = {Supplement},
Pages = {211-245},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds21477}
}
@article{fds315380,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Blumstein, J},
Title = {Health Planning and Regulation Through Certificate of Need:
An Overview},
Journal = {Utah Law Review},
Pages = {3-37},
Publisher = {University of Utah},
Year = {1978},
ISSN = {0042-1448},
Key = {fds315380}
}
@article{fds238870,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Lorant, J},
Title = {The Role of Waiting Time: Evidence from Physicians'
Practices},
Journal = {Journal of Business},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {486-507},
Year = {1977},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds238870}
}
@article{fds238644,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Access to medical care and the local supply of
physicians.},
Journal = {Medical care},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {338-346},
Year = {1977},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-197704000-00009},
Abstract = {This paper focuses on one aspect of access to physicians'
services, the time patients spend obtaining physicians'
service. Patient time is divided into travel and waiting
time components. Communities in which the patient's total
time commitment tend to be the highest are generally the
most populous cities. Pairwise comparisons between central
cities and non-central cities in the 22 largest Standard
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) reveal that patient
is higher in central cities in the vast majority of cases.
Although the area physician-population ratio tends to have
the anticipated negative impact on patient time, the ratio
explains very little of the total intercommunity variation
in the latter variable. Implications for physician manpower
policy are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005650-197704000-00009},
Key = {fds238644}
}
@article{fds238869,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {A Model of State Income Maintenance Decisions},
Journal = {Public Finance Quarterly},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-173},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {1977},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114217700500201},
Abstract = {This study presents a model of state-local government
budgetary choice with particular emphasis on the impact of
federal grants-in-aid on income maintenance decisions on the
part of the recipient governments. The model assumes that
the state sets the level of five decision variables in a
manner that maximizes political leadership utility subject
to a government budget constraint. As part of the study,
parameters of the political leaders’ preference function
are estimated as are parameters of equations explaining the
reactions of potential welfare recipients and local
bureaucrats, once certain welfare regulations are set at the
state level. The model permits simulations of the effects of
alternative public programs. These are briefly described. ©
1977, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/109114217700500201},
Key = {fds238869}
}
@article{fds238868,
Author = {Sloan, F},
Title = {Real returns to medical education: a comment.},
Journal = {The Journal of human resources},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {118-126},
Year = {1976},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/145078},
Doi = {10.2307/145078},
Key = {fds238868}
}
@misc{fds21539,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Physician Fee Inflation: Evidence from the Late
1960s},
Pages = {321-354},
Booktitle = {The Role of Health Insurance in the Health Services
Sector},
Publisher = {New York: National Bureau of Economic Research},
Editor = {R. Rosett},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds21539}
}
@article{fds238867,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Lorant, J},
Title = {The Allocation of Physicians' Services: Evidence on
Length-of-Visit},
Journal = {Quarterly Review of Economics and Business},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {85-103},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds238867}
}
@article{fds238866,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {The Role of Health Insurance in the Physicians' Services
Market},
Journal = {Inquiry},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {257-299},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of both the
structure and impact of health insurance in the physicians'
services market. It summarizes previous studies, but also
provides new evidence. Impetus for this study derives from
two recently completed analyses of the determinants of
physicians' fees. These studies found that, on the whole,
insurance affects physicians' price setting decisions, and
the effect varies considerably among different types of
physicians and medical procedures. Parameter estimates of
insurance variables in regression equations were sometimes
erratic and hard to interpret. During data collection and
related phases, however, two important facts emerged: many
potentially important but poorly publicized dimensions of
the insurance industry exist; and certain features of
insurance policies cannot readily be portrayed through model
estimation. Hence, the present study provides descriptive
evidence as well as theoretical development and empirical
tests of hypotheses related to the role of health insurance
in the physicians' services market. The article presents
evidence on how health insurance coverage relates to medical
specialties and procedures, and on how insurance affects
physician behavior. A simple model of physician price and
output decisions is developed, then extended to incorporate
important dimensions of insurance coverage. The concepts of
average and marginal coinsurance in the major types of
insurance policies are discussed: basic benefit and major
medical. The model is used to estimate patient average and
marginal coinsurance rates, based on representative
insurance industry and physician fee data. Previously
unknown relationships between physicians' fees and patients'
out of pocket expenses are estimated. The two primary
methods employed by insurers to set reimbursement limits for
covered procedures under basic benefit programs are
investigated: traditional fee schedules versus 'usual,
customary, reasonable' reimbursement criteria. The relative
inflationary effects of the two systems are assessed.
Private and public insurance arrangements are examined in
which the physician agrees to accept the insurer's
reimbursement as payment in full. Physician motivation for
participating in such agreements is explored. Results and
policy implications are included.},
Key = {fds238866}
}
@article{fds238865,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Physician Supply Behavior on the Short Run},
Journal = {Industrial and Labor Relations Review},
Volume = {28},
Number = {4},
Pages = {549-569},
Year = {1975},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2562 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238865}
}
@book{fds46440,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {The Geographic Distribution of Nurses and Public
Policy},
Publisher = {Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare},
Year = {1975},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds46440}
}
@article{fds238864,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Richupan, S},
Title = {Short-Run Supply Responses of Professional Nurses: A
Microanalysis},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {241-257},
Year = {1975},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds238864}
}
@article{fds238627,
Author = {Jordan, WS and Dowdle, WR and Easterday, BC and Ennis, FA and Gregg, BM and Kilbourne, ED and Seal, JA and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Influenza research in the Soviet Union--1974.},
Journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
Volume = {130},
Number = {6},
Pages = {686-693},
Year = {1974},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1899},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/130.6.686},
Doi = {10.1093/infdis/130.6.686},
Key = {fds238627}
}
@article{fds238863,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Steinwald, B},
Title = {Determinants of Physicians' Fees},
Journal = {Journal of Business},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {493-511},
Year = {1974},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2589 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238863}
}
@article{fds21490,
Author = {S. Berki},
Title = {Hospital Economics},
Journal = {Inquiry},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {156-157},
Year = {1974},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds21490}
}
@article{fds238862,
Author = {Yett, DE and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Migration patterns of recent medical school
graduates.},
Journal = {Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision
and financing},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-142},
Year = {1974},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {This study relates to the aspect of the problem of
inadequate medical care which is apparent in the noticeably
short supply of physicians in low income districts and rural
areas. The model seeks to explain the locational choices of
recent medical school graduates, rather than the spatial
distribution of all physicians. In order to take advantage
of certain unpublished data, the authors chose to study
physicians making their first practice location decision in
1966. Variables expected from previous research and from a
priori rg to influence practice location decisions are
discussed. The 1966 sample is divided into groups according
to the amount of previous contact a physician has had with a
particular state. Probabilities that physicians with
specified amounts of previous contact with a state will
locate practices in that state are then calculated. Results
of multiple regression analysis based on the specifications
in the second section are presented. Information on the
patterns of migration of physicians who do not settle in the
state of previous attachment is also presented and partially
analyzed. The final section describes future research
directions and discusses some of the policy implications of
the results to date.},
Key = {fds238862}
}
@misc{fds21540,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {"Effects of Incentives on Physician Performance"},
Pages = {53-84},
Booktitle = {Health Manpower and Productivity},
Publisher = {Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath},
Editor = {J. Rafferty},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds21540}
}
@misc{fds21541,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {A Microanalysis of Physicians' Hours of Work
Decisions},
Pages = {302-325},
Booktitle = {Economics of Health and Medical Care},
Publisher = {London: MacMillan},
Editor = {M. Perlman},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds21541}
}
@article{fds70898,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D.P. Schneider},
Title = {Policy Simulations on a Model of State Income Maintenace
Decisions},
Publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-1153-FF},
Year = {1973},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds70898}
}
@article{fds315379,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Cleckner, J and Wayne, J},
Title = {Survey of North-Central Florida Family Physicians},
Journal = {Florida Family Physician},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {11-16},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds315379}
}
@article{fds238861,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Newhouse, P},
Title = {Physician Pricing: Monopolistic or Competitive:
Reply},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {38},
Pages = {577-580},
Year = {1972},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds238861}
}
@article{fds21494,
Author = {H. Klarman},
Title = {Empirical Studies in Health Economics},
Journal = {Inquiry},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-79},
Year = {1972},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds21494}
}
@article{fds70900,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {The Impact of Grant-In-Aid on State Income Maintenance
Decisions},
Publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation, R-894-FF},
Year = {1972},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds70900}
}
@article{fds238860,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {The Demand for Higher Education: The Case of Medical School
Applicants},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {466-489},
Year = {1971},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds238860}
}
@misc{fds46418,
Author = {F.A. Sloan},
Title = {Comment: The Development of a Micro-Simulation Model of
Health Manpower Demand and Supply},
Pages = {182-185},
Booktitle = {U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,
Proceedings and Report of Conference on a Health Manpower
Simulation Model},
Year = {1970},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds46418}
}
@article{fds70903,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and D. Yett},
Title = {Income and Other Factors Affecting Physician Location
Decisions: An Econometric Analysis},
Publisher = {U.S. Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare},
Year = {1970},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds70903}
}
@article{fds238859,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Lifetime Earnings and Physicians' Choice of
Specialty},
Journal = {Industrial and Labor Relations Review},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-56},
Year = {1970},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2547 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238859}
}
@article{fds238858,
Author = {Sloan, FA},
Title = {Hospital Demand for Residents},
Journal = {Inquiry},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {65-68},
Year = {1970},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds238858}
}
@article{fds205296,
Author = {F.A. Sloan and B. Luce and J. Mauskopf and J. Ostermann and L.
Paramore},
Title = {The Return on Investment in Health Care: From 1980 to
2000},
Journal = {Value in Health},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Year = {206},
Key = {fds205296}
}
%% Smith, Martin D.
@article{fds376268,
Author = {McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Williams, Z and Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE},
Title = {Policy and market forces delay real estate price declines on
the US coast.},
Journal = {Nature communications},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2209},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46548-6},
Abstract = {Despite increasing risks from sea-level rise (SLR) and
storms, US coastal communities continue to attract
relatively high-income residents, and coastal property
values continue to rise. To understand this seeming paradox
and explore policy responses, we develop the Coastal Home
Ownership Model (C-HOM) and analyze the long-term evolution
of coastal real estate markets. C-HOM incorporates changing
physical attributes of the coast, economic values of these
attributes, and dynamic risks associated with storms and
flooding. Resident owners, renters, and non-resident
investors jointly determine coastal property values and the
policy choices that influence the physical evolution of the
coast. In the coupled system, we find that subsidies for
coastal management, such as beach nourishment, tax
advantages for high-income property owners, and stable or
increasing property values outside the coastal zone all
dampen the effects of SLR on coastal property values. The
effects, however, are temporary and only delay precipitous
declines as total inundation approaches. By removing
subsidies, prices would more accurately reflect risks from
SLR but also trigger more coastal gentrification, as
relatively high-income owners enter the market and
self-finance nourishment. Our results suggest a policy
tradeoff between slowing demographic transitions in coastal
communities and allowing property markets to adjust smoothly
to risks from climate change.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-46548-6},
Key = {fds376268}
}
@article{fds373985,
Author = {Waller, J and Bartlett, J and Bates, E and Bray, H and Brown, M and Cieri,
M and Clark, C and Devoe, W and Donahue, B and Frechette, D and Glon, H and Hunter, M and Huntsberger, C and Kanwit, K and Ledwin, S and Lewis, B and Peters, R and Reardon, K and Russell, R and Smith, M and Uraneck, C and Watts, R and Wilson, C},
Title = {Reflecting on the recent history of coastal Maine fisheries
and marine resource monitoring: the value of collaborative
research, changing ecosystems, and thoughts on preparing for
the future},
Journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},
Volume = {80},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2074-2086},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad134},
Abstract = {The Maine Department of Marine Resources (MEDMR) is a state
agency tasked with developing, conserving, researching, and
promoting commercial and recreational marine fisheries
across Maine's vast coastline. Close collaborations with
industry members in each of the 30 or more fisheries that
support Maine's coastal economy are central to MEDMR's
efforts to address this suite of tasks. Here we reflect on
recent decades of MEDMR's work and demonstrate how MEDMR
fisheries research programmes are preparing for an uncertain
future through the lens of three broadly applicable
climate-driven challenges: (1) a rapidly changing marine
ecosystem; (2) recommendations driven by state and federal
climate initiatives; and (3) the need to share institutional
knowledge with a new generation of marine resource
scientists. We do this by highlighting our scientific and
co-management approach to coastal Maine fisheries that have
prospered, declined, or followed a unique trend over the
last 25+ years. We use these examples to illustrate our
lessons learned when studying a diverse array of fisheries,
highlight the importance of collaborations with academia and
the commercial fishing industry, and share our
recommendations to marine resource scientists for addressing
the climate-driven challenges that motivated this
work.},
Doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsad134},
Key = {fds373985}
}
@article{fds373423,
Author = {Schlüter, M and Brelsford, C and Ferraro, PJ and Orach, K and Qiu, M and Smith, MD},
Title = {Unraveling complex causal processes that affect
sustainability requires more integration between empirical
and modeling approaches.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {120},
Number = {41},
Pages = {e2215676120},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2215676120},
Abstract = {Scientists seek to understand the causal processes that
generate sustainability problems and determine effective
solutions. Yet, causal inquiry in nature-society systems is
hampered by conceptual and methodological challenges that
arise from nature-society interdependencies and the complex
dynamics they create. Here, we demonstrate how
sustainability scientists can address these challenges and
make more robust causal claims through better integration
between empirical analyses and process- or agent-based
modeling. To illustrate how these different epistemological
traditions can be integrated, we present four studies of air
pollution regulation, natural resource management, and the
spread of COVID-19. The studies show how integration can
improve empirical estimates of causal effects, inform future
research designs and data collection, enhance understanding
of the complex dynamics that underlie observed temporal
patterns, and elucidate causal mechanisms and the contexts
in which they operate. These advances in causal
understanding can help sustainability scientists develop
better theories of phenomena where social and ecological
processes are dynamically intertwined and prior causal
knowledge and data are limited. The improved causal
understanding also enhances governance by helping scientists
and practitioners choose among potential interventions,
decide when and how the timing of an intervention matters,
and anticipate unexpected outcomes. Methodological
integration, however, requires skills and efforts of all
involved to learn how members of the respective other
tradition think and analyze nature-society
systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2215676120},
Key = {fds373423}
}
@article{fds373696,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Economics of Aquatic Foods: Combining Bioeconomics and
Market Analysis to Inform Regulations That Deliver
Value},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {305-327},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/726026},
Abstract = {Bioeconomic modeling and seafood market analysis both have
rich intellectual traditions that have contrib-uted insights
to understanding the economics of aquatic foods. This paper
argues that these traditions, which developed mostly in
parallel, should be combined more purposefully to understand
management problems in fisheries and aquaculture. First,
modeling the feedback between economic incentives and
biological mecha-nisms is essential for avoiding management
failure, and prices provide important incentives. Second,
the form of management affects opportunities to generate
value, influencing patterns of exploitation and the types of
products that come from fishery resources. Third, price
incentives in fisheries and responses to management depend
on market context, including competition with aquaculture.
By combining these insights with a modern empirical focus on
counterfactuals, including both reduced-form and structural
modeling approaches to causal inference, economists can
inform policy and help to deliver a wide range of values
from the production and consumption of aquatic
foods.},
Doi = {10.1086/726026},
Key = {fds373696}
}
@article{fds372271,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Kaczan, DJ and Smith, MD and Ardini, G and Holland,
DS and Lee, MY and Lipton, D and Travis, MD},
Title = {Do Catch Shares Increase Prices? Evidence from US
Fisheries},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {203-228},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/725010},
Abstract = {Rights-based management of fishery resources theoretically
allows firms to minimize the cost of extraction without the
threat that other harvesters will take their allocations,
but added flexibility also allows firms to exploit revenue
margins such that firms balance potential revenue gains with
potential cost savings. Using two approaches,
difference-in-differences with an index of seafood prices
and synthetic control, we test for revenue gains in 39 US
fisheries that adopted market-based regulations and find
mixed evidence of price increases. Species with price
increases tend to have viable fresh markets or other
features that discourage gluts, whereas species with price
decreases plausibly have more to gain on the cost side or
are part of a multispecies complex with a higher-value
species experiencing a price increase.},
Doi = {10.1086/725010},
Key = {fds372271}
}
@article{fds363394,
Author = {Keeler, AG and Mullin, M and McNamara, DE and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Buyouts with rentbacks: a policy proposal for managing
coastal retreat},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {646-651},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13412-022-00762-0},
Abstract = {The discussion of adaptation to climate change in coastal
areas has focused on short-term risk reduction and
climate-proofing, but there is growing recognition that—at
some point in the future—relocation to less vulnerable
geographical areas will become necessary for large numbers
of residents in many coastal communities. Spontaneous
relocations that occur after catastrophic events can entail
high costs, both for those who resettle elsewhere and for
the remaining community. Managed retreat attempts to reduce
such costs, thereby facilitating the relocation process.
Property buyouts, the most prominently discussed policy tool
for managed retreat, present significant challenges in terms
of equity, timing, finance, and scale. We discuss innovation
in buyout policy that allows residents to remain in their
homes as renters after being bought out. We develop the
basic structure of such a policy and show the pathways
through which it can help to finance buyouts, harmonize
public and private decision-making, and manage the timing of
community transition. We also recommend funding mechanisms
and other details to overcome the substantial barriers to
implementation. Although buyouts with rentbacks will require
institutional innovation in order to serve as an effective
policy framework, the policy has the potential to improve
social, economic, and environmental outcomes from the
eventual unfortunate but necessary migration away from
coastal areas.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13412-022-00762-0},
Key = {fds363394}
}
@article{fds363708,
Author = {Garlock, T and Anderson, JL and Asche, F and Smith, MD and Camp, E and Chu,
J and Lorenzen, K and Vannuccini, S},
Title = {Global insights on managing fishery systems for the three
pillars of sustainability},
Journal = {Fish and Fisheries},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {899-909},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12660},
Abstract = {There is growing recognition that fisheries should be
managed for all three pillars of sustainability: economic,
social and environmental sustainability. Limited
quantitative evidence exists on factors supporting social
sustainability, much less factors that contribute to
multiple dimensions of sustainability. To develop a broader
understanding of the factors that influence the performance
of fishery management systems in environmental, economic and
social pillars, we examine 11 input factors conjectured to
contribute to successful fisheries using a global dataset of
145 fisheries case studies. The analysis indicates that
management approaches are cross-cutting and contribute to
multiple dimensions of sustainability to varying extents.
Importantly, factors exogenous to fisheries management can
be as important as fisheries management, suggesting
collaboration of fisheries institutions with other public
and private institutions is important for sustainable
fisheries development.},
Doi = {10.1111/faf.12660},
Key = {fds363708}
}
@article{fds363899,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Cojocaru, AL and Smith, MD and Asche,
F},
Title = {Discrete Choice Modeling of Fishers’ Landing
Locations},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {235-262},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/719929},
Abstract = {Commercial fishing decisions about where to land and sell
catches have important efficiency and distributional
implications for fishing communities. Unlike fishing
location choices, landing locations choices have received
little attention. We develop a model of fishers’ landing
sites in northern Norway. While fishers are highly
responsive to travel distance, we find that expected
revenues are a lesser driver of landing location choices.
Rather, choices are dominated by strong state dependence,
and most vessels always land at the same port. These results
suggest that economic policies designed to redistribute
landings in order to aid certain communities would not
necessarily draw fishers away from their preferred landing
sites. On the other hand, the responsiveness of some fishers
to intraseasonal stock movements offers a glimpse of how
climate change could reshape the spatial equilibria of
landings and seafood production in years to
come.},
Doi = {10.1086/719929},
Key = {fds363899}
}
@article{fds361962,
Author = {Asche, F and Yang, B and Gephart, JA and Smith, MD and Anderson, JL and Camp, EV and Garlock, TM and Love, DC and Oglend, A and Straume,
H-M},
Title = {China's seafood imports-Not for domestic
consumption?},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {375},
Number = {6579},
Pages = {386-388},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4756},
Abstract = {[Figure: see text].},
Doi = {10.1126/science.abl4756},
Key = {fds361962}
}
@article{fds363000,
Author = {Asche, F and Oglend, A and Smith, MD},
Title = {Global markets and the commons: The role of imports in the
US wild-caught shrimp market},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5b3e},
Abstract = {The commons literature focuses heavily on rules and the
behavior of resource users but places less emphasis on the
returns to individual effort. However, for most resource
settings, market conditions and associated resource prices
are key drivers of exploitation effort. In a globalized
world, import competition can strongly influence the
incentives for individual resource users, a topic largely
unexplored in the commons literature. Import competition is
especially salient for seafood, one of the most
internationally traded food groups. We analyze the US shrimp
market, which was once dominated by domestic catches but is
now mostly supplied by imports. For domestic producers
(users of the commons), lower revenues result, while US
consumers eat more shrimp at lower prices. Globalization
changed the sources of price risk and compensation that
domestic producers face and altered incentives to exploit
the commons. In a market dominated by domestic supply
shocks, the price response to a shock moderates the effect
on revenue and effort. In a market dominated by imports,
domestic shocks are buffered by import adjustments, while
price movements are determined by global shocks. Despite
losses for the domestic fishery, globalization creates new
incentives to coordinate effort and capture price premiums
determined in the global market.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac5b3e},
Key = {fds363000}
}
@article{fds365199,
Author = {Cojocaru, AL and Liu, Y and Smith, MD and Akpalu, W and Chávez, C and Dey,
MM and Dresdner, J and Kahui, V and Pincinato, RBM and Tran,
N},
Title = {The “Seafood” System: Aquatic Foods, Food Security, and
the Global South},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721032},
Doi = {10.1086/721032},
Key = {fds365199}
}
@article{fds365200,
Author = {Asche, F and Eggert, H and Oglend, A and Roheim, CA and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Aquaculture: Externalities and Policy Options},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721055},
Doi = {10.1086/721055},
Key = {fds365200}
}
@article{fds360608,
Author = {Asseng, S and Palm, CA and Anderson, JL and Fresco, L and Sanchez, PA and Asche, F and Garlock, TM and Fanzo, J and Smith, MD and Knapp, G and Jarvis, A and Adesogan, A and Capua, I and Hoogenboom, G and Despommier,
DD and Conti, L and Garrett, KA},
Title = {Implications of new technologies for future food supply
systems},
Journal = {Journal of Agricultural Science},
Volume = {159},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {315-319},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859621000836},
Abstract = {The combination of advances in knowledge, technology,
changes in consumer preference and low cost of manufacturing
is accelerating the next technology revolution in crop,
livestock and fish production systems. This will have major
implications for how, where and by whom food will be
produced in the future. This next technology revolution
could benefit the producer through substantial improvements
in resource use and profitability, but also the environment
through reduced externalities. The consumer will ultimately
benefit through more nutritious, safe and affordable food
diversity, which in turn will also contribute to the
acceleration of the next technology. It will create new
opportunities in achieving progress towards many of the
Sustainable Development Goals, but it will require early
recognition of trends and impact, public research and policy
guidance to avoid negative trade-offs. Unfortunately, the
quantitative predictability of future impacts will remain
low and uncertain, while new chocks with unexpected
consequences will continue to interrupt current and future
outcomes. However, there is a continuing need for improving
the predictability of shocks to future food systems
especially for ex-ante assessment for policy and
planning.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0021859621000836},
Key = {fds360608}
}
@article{fds357023,
Author = {Havice, E and Campbell, LM and Campling, L and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Making sense of firms for ocean governance},
Journal = {One Earth},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {602-604},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.022},
Abstract = {Attention to firms in the ocean economy is growing as oceans
face rapid ecological change as well as surges in investment
and governance efforts under a “blue economy” paradigm.
Concepts and methods that can “make sense” of firms and
their positioning within value chains are essential for
scholars seeking to inform a more sustainable ocean
future.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.022},
Key = {fds357023}
}
@article{fds355796,
Author = {Petesch, T and Dubik, B and Smith, MD},
Title = {Implications of disease in shrimp aquaculture for
wild-caught shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {191-209},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/712993},
Abstract = {We investigate whether supply shocks in shrimp aquaculture
caused by disease increase prices of wild-caught shrimp in
the US Gulf of Mexico, using Gulf prices and US shrimp
imports from Ecuador, Thailand, and Indonesia. Many studies
have shown that shrimp markets are cointegrated, meaning
relative prices tend not to diverge substantially or for
long periods. We also find cointegration, and we evaluate a
vector error correction model for structural breaks to
determine whether the most significant changes in the price
relationships coincide with the timing of disease crises in
aquaculture. Gulf prices fell steadily throughout the early
2000s because of innovations in shrimp aquaculture, however,
early mortality syndrome (EMS) caused a major disruption in
aquaculture starting around 2011. Our results indicate that
EMS may have precipitated a disturbance to the long-run
relationship of our prices, suggesting that disease may have
offered temporary benefits to the US shrimp
fishery.},
Doi = {10.1086/712993},
Key = {fds355796}
}
@article{fds354175,
Author = {Li, Q and Smith, MD},
Title = {Fishery collapse revisited},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-22},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711233},
Abstract = {Fishery collapse has been defined as a fishery with annual
landings less than 10% of the historic maximum observed
catch. However, this 10% rule is not grounded in bioeconomic
theory despite being widely used in empirical economic
studies of fisheries. We assess the 10% rule by simulating
fisheries under pure open access, open access with cost
changes, open access with critical depensation, optimal
management (both deterministic and stochastic cases), and
rebuilding plans. We show that the 10% rule generates false
negatives and false positives, and that the prevalence of
these problems varies under different institutional
configurations, economic incentives, and biological
conditions. We urge researchers to abandon this outcome
measure for comparative empirical tests and encourage more
research on collapse that attends to human agency and
institutions.},
Doi = {10.1086/711233},
Key = {fds354175}
}
@article{fds354344,
Author = {Li, Q and Bronnmann, J and Karasik, R and Quaas, MF and Smith,
MD},
Title = {An Age-Structured Backward-Bending Supply of Fish:
Implications for Conservation of Bluefin
Tuna},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {165-192},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711225},
Abstract = {We develop a bioeconomic model to analyze the long-run
supply of fish and find that steady-state supply can have
multiple bends in an age-structured setting. We parameterize
the model using data for the Eastern stock of Atlantic
Bluefin tuna dur-ing the predominantly open-access period
(1950–2006). The numerical Bluefin supply curve bends
backward just once and at a price below the current
ex-vessel price and far below historic real prices from the
1990s. Reestimating the model using data through 2015 to
account for new management and allowing for cost changes
finds that the current backward-bending price is far above
the current market price. The results suggest that market
developments that lower price, including growth in
closed-cycle aquaculture, can influence the stock condition.
However, strengthening management in the mid-2000s was
necessary to keep the fishery from operating on the
backward-bending portion of supply in the long
run.},
Doi = {10.1086/711225},
Key = {fds354344}
}
@article{fds355500,
Author = {Nowlin, M and Bennett, A and Basurto, X and Virdin, J and Lin, X and Betances, S and Smith, M and Roady, S},
Title = {Recognize Fish as Food in Policy Discourse and Development
Funding},
Journal = {Ambio},
Volume = {50},
Number = {5},
Pages = {981-989},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01451-4},
Abstract = {The international development community is off-track from
meeting targets for alleviating global malnutrition.
Meanwhile, there is growing consensus across scientific
disciplines that fish plays a crucial role in food and
nutrition security. However, this 'fish as food' perspective
has yet to translate into policy and development funding
priorities. We argue that the traditional framing of fish as
a natural resource emphasizes economic development and
biodiversity conservation objectives, whereas situating fish
within a food systems perspective can lead to innovative
policies and investments that promote nutrition-sensitive
and socially equitable capture fisheries and aquaculture.
This paper highlights four pillars of research needs and
policy directions toward this end. Ultimately, recognizing
and working to enhance the role of fish in alleviating
hunger and malnutrition can provide an additional long-term
development incentive, beyond revenue generation and
biodiversity conservation, for governments, international
development organizations, and society more broadly to
invest in the sustainability of capture fisheries and
aquaculture.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13280-020-01451-4},
Key = {fds355500}
}
@article{fds350814,
Author = {Bronnmann, J and Smith, MD and Abbott, J and Hay, CJ and Næsje,
TF},
Title = {Integration of a local fish market in Namibia with the
global seafood trade: Implications for fish traders and
sustainability},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {135},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105048},
Abstract = {Within the last decades, globalization has changed the
international seafood trade, allowing low-income countries
to access markets in high-income countries and vice versa.
Nevertheless, the effects of globalization are controversial
and in particular the impacts on small-scale fishers and
local fish traders are unclear. This paper examines the
economic effects of globalization on a local fish market in
Katima Mulilo, Namibia along the Zambezi River and near the
border with Zambia. Using market data from January 2008 to
December 2016, we test two hypotheses. First, we test if the
local market is integrated with global markets. Second, we
test whether local prices are increasing and associated with
positive terms of trade. Using time series methods and
hedonic models, results show that the Katima market is
linked to the world market, and local fish traders receive
higher prices over time as predicted by an increasingly
globalized seafood trade.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105048},
Key = {fds350814}
}
@article{fds373424,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Cojocaru, AL and Asche, F and Guttormsen, AG and Smith, MD},
Title = {Seasonal Harvest Patterns in Multispecies
Fisheries},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {631-655},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-020-00402-7},
Abstract = {Fishers face multidimensional decisions: when to fish, what
species to target, and how much gear to deploy. Most
bioeconomic models assume single-species fisheries with
perfectly elastic demand and focus on inter-seasonal
dynamics. In real-world fisheries, vessels hold quotas for
multiple species with heterogeneous biological and/or market
conditions that vary intra-seasonally. We analyze
within-season behavior in multispecies fisheries with
individual fishing quotas, accounting for stock
aggregations, capacity constraints, and downward-sloping
demand. Numerical results demonstrate variation in harvest
patterns. We specifically find: (1) harvests for species
with downward-sloping demand tend to spread out; (2)
spreading harvest of a high-value species can cause
lower-value species to be harvested earlier in the season;
and (3) harvest can be unresponsive or even respond
negatively to biological aggregation when fishers balance
incentives in multispecies settings. We test these using
panel data from the Norwegian multispecies groundfish
fishery and find evidence for all three. We extend the
numerical model to account for transitions to management
with individual fishing quotas in multispecies fisheries. We
show that, under some circumstances, fishing seasons could
contract or spread out.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-020-00402-7},
Key = {fds373424}
}
@article{fds346897,
Author = {Garlock, T and Asche, F and Anderson, J and Bjørndal, T and Kumar, G and Lorenzen, K and Ropicki, A and Smith, MD and Tveterås,
R},
Title = {A Global Blue Revolution: Aquaculture Growth Across Regions,
Species, and Countries},
Journal = {Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-116},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2019.1678111},
Abstract = {Discussions about global aquaculture production and
prospects for future growth largely focus on Asia, where
most global production takes place. Countries in Asia
accounted for about 89% of global production in 2016.
Exclusive attention to Asian aquaculture, however, overlooks
the fact that “the blue revolution” is occurring in most
parts of the world. This paper examines patterns in the
development of aquaculture production by analyzing growth
rates across the globe at the regional, species and country
levels. The results show that production in some non-Asian
countries is growing more rapidly than the major Asian
producers. Moreover, most developed countries have played a
limited role in the blue revolution despite being leading
producers as late as the 1970s.},
Doi = {10.1080/23308249.2019.1678111},
Key = {fds346897}
}
@article{fds354345,
Author = {Banzhaf, HS and Liu, Y and Smith, MD and Asche, F},
Title = {Non-Parametric Tests of the Tragedy of the
Commons},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds354345}
}
@article{fds342425,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Subsidies, efficiency, and fairness in fisheries
policy.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {364},
Number = {6435},
Pages = {34-35},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4087},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aaw4087},
Key = {fds342425}
}
@article{fds339523,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD},
Title = {Causal inference in coupled human and natural
systems.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {12},
Pages = {5311-5318},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805563115},
Abstract = {Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) are complex,
dynamic, interconnected systems with feedback across social
and environmental dimensions. This feedback leads to
formidable challenges for causal inference. Two significant
challenges involve assumptions about excludability and the
absence of interference. These two assumptions have been
largely unexplored in the CHANS literature, but when either
is violated, causal inferences from observable data are
difficult to interpret. To explore their plausibility,
structural knowledge of the system is requisite, as is an
explicit recognition that most causal variables in CHANS
affect a coupled pairing of environmental and human
elements. In a large CHANS literature that evaluates marine
protected areas, nearly 200 studies attempt to make causal
claims, but few address the excludability assumption. To
examine the relevance of interference in CHANS, we develop a
stylized simulation of a marine CHANS with shocks that can
represent policy interventions, ecological disturbances, and
technological disasters. Human and capital mobility in CHANS
is both a cause of interference, which biases inferences
about causal effects, and a moderator of the causal effects
themselves. No perfect solutions exist for satisfying
excludability and interference assumptions in CHANS. To
elucidate causal relationships in CHANS, multiple approaches
will be needed for a given causal question, with the aim of
identifying sources of bias in each approach and then
triangulating on credible inferences. Within CHANS research,
and sustainability science more generally, the path to
accumulating an evidence base on causal relationships
requires skills and knowledge from many disciplines and
effective academic-practitioner collaborations.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1805563115},
Key = {fds339523}
}
@article{fds341926,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Smith, MD and Stefanski, S},
Title = {Feature-Taking Stock of Catch Shares: Lessons from the Past
and Directions for the Future},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-139},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rey016},
Abstract = {With the widespread implementation of catch shares (i.e.,
rights-based fisheries management) at the end of the
twentieth century, economists have begun to examine
empirical evidence about their performance. Yet despite
documented positive outcomes and predicted gains from wider
adoption of this approach, catch shares face persistent
political opposition and criticism in the noneconomics
literature. The debate surrounding catch shares focuses on
equity, industry consolidation, nonlocal ownership of
quotas, employment, and other impacts on fishing
communities, but the evidence on both sides has been largely
anecdotal. To inform this debate, it is important for
economists and other researchers to produce rigorous
analyses that quantify the effects of catch shares on
employment, the distribution of economic value in the
harvest and processing sectors, and other indicators of
community well-being. We assess catch shares to identify
research needs and guide policymakers. Using examples from
the experiences of the United States and Argentina with
rights-based fisheries, we demonstrate that a key challenge
for researchers and policymakers is accounting for multiple
species, globalization of seafood markets, and climate
change. We urge policymakers to consider these forces and
their impacts, along with available empirical evidence, when
evaluating fisheries management options that balance
efficiency and equity goals.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rey016},
Key = {fds341926}
}
@article{fds340960,
Author = {Mullin, M and Smith, MD and McNamara, DE},
Title = {Paying to save the beach: effects of local finance decisions
on coastal management},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {152},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-289},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2191-5},
Abstract = {As sea level rises and storm frequency and severity
increase, communities worldwide are investing in coastline
management projects to maintain beach widths and dunes that
support recreational amenities and mitigate storm risks.
These projects are costly, and differences in property
owners’ returns from maintaining wide beaches will
influence community-level support for investment in
shoreline defense. One way to account for these differences
is by funding the project through a tax instrument that
imposes the heaviest cost on residents who benefit most from
beach nourishment. Some communities along the US east coast
have adopted this approach. We use an agent-based model to
evaluate how the imposition of project costs affects
coastline management over the long-term. Charging higher tax
rates on oceanfront properties reduces desired beach width
among those owners but increases desired width for owners of
inland properties. The aggregate impact on beach width
depends on coastline shape and development patterns that
determine the balance between these two groups,
heterogeneity of beach width preferences and climate change
beliefs, and levels of participation in local politics.
Overall, requiring property owners who benefit most from
beach nourishment to bear the highest cost results in wider
beaches. The result suggests that delineating tax rates to
account for unequal benefits of local public goods across
taxpayers could facilitate local investment in climate
change adaptation.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-018-2191-5},
Key = {fds340960}
}
@article{fds352826,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Economic impacts of marine reserves: The importance of
spatial behavior},
Pages = {51-76},
Booktitle = {Spatial Aspects of Environmental Policy},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815397175},
Abstract = {Marine biologists have shown virtually unqualified support
for managing fisheries with marine reserves, signifying a
new resource management paradigm that recognizes the
importance of spatial processes in exploited systems. Most
modeling of reserves employs simplifying assumptions about
the behavior of fishermen in response to spatial closures.
We show that a realistic depiction of fishermen behavior
dramatically alters the conclusions about reserves. We
develop, estimate, and calibrate an integrated bioeconomic
model of the sea urchin fishery in northern California and
use it to simulate reserve policies. Our behavioral model
shows how economic incentives determine both participation
and location choices of fishermen. We compare simulations
with behavioral response to biological modeling that
presumes that effort is spatially uniform and unresponsive
to economic incentives. We demonstrate that optimistic
conclusions about reserves may be an artifact of simplifying
assumptions that ignore economic behavior.},
Key = {fds352826}
}
@article{fds339522,
Author = {Asche, F and Garlock, TM and Anderson, JL and Bush, SR and Smith, MD and Anderson, CM and Chu, J and Garrett, KA and Lem, A and Lorenzen, K and Oglend, A and Tveteras, S and Vannuccini, S},
Title = {Three pillars of sustainability in fisheries.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {115},
Number = {44},
Pages = {11221-11225},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807677115},
Abstract = {Sustainability of global fisheries is a growing concern. The
United Nations has identified three pillars of
sustainability: economic development, social development,
and environmental protection. The fisheries literature
suggests that there are two key trade-offs among these
pillars of sustainability. First, poor ecological health of
a fishery reduces economic profits for fishers, and second,
economic profitability of individual fishers undermines the
social objectives of fishing communities. Although recent
research has shown that management can reconcile ecological
and economic objectives, there are lingering concerns about
achieving positive social outcomes. We examined trade-offs
among the three pillars of sustainability by analyzing the
Fishery Performance Indicators, a unique dataset that scores
121 distinct fishery systems worldwide on 68 metrics
categorized by social, economic, or ecological outcomes. For
each of the 121 fishery systems, we averaged the outcome
measures to create overall scores for economic, ecological,
and social performance. We analyzed the scores and found
that they were positively associated in the full sample. We
divided the data into subsamples that correspond to
fisheries management systems with three categories of
access-open access, access rights, and harvest rights-and
performed a similar analysis. Our results show that
economic, social, and ecological objectives are at worst
independent and are mutually reinforcing in both types of
managed fisheries. The implication is that rights-based
management systems should not be rejected on the basis of
potentially negative social outcomes; instead, social
considerations should be addressed in the design of these
systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1807677115},
Key = {fds339522}
}
@article{fds335997,
Author = {Abbott, JK and Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD},
Title = {Common property resources and the dynamics of
overexploitation: The case of the north pacific fur seal—a
42-year legacy},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {209-212},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/698020},
Doi = {10.1086/698020},
Key = {fds335997}
}
@article{fds335998,
Author = {Asche, F and Smith, MD},
Title = {Viewpoint: Induced Innovation in Fisheries and
Aquaculture},
Journal = {Food Policy},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {1-7},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.02.002},
Abstract = {Some classical economists, most notably Malthus, predicted
that scarcity would undermine long-term human well-being.
John Stuart Mill, in contrast, predicted that the threat of
scarcity creates incentives for innovation that help to
avoid some of the worst outcomes. Popular claims of marine
ecologists often apply the Malthusian narrative to supplies
of seafood, yet global supplies have continued to grow. We
examine the modern seafood industry and evaluate Mill's
claims about innovation. We argue that the mechanisms that
Mill discusses–innovation in response to and in
anticipation of scarcity–account for much of what we see.
Scarcities induce technological, policy, and market
innovations that enable seafood supplies to grow, and these
innovations can build on each other. The challenge for
policy makers is to avoid knee-jerk responses to Malthusian
narratives and craft policy responses that encourage
innovation while recognizing physical limits of ocean
resources.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.02.002},
Key = {fds335998}
}
@article{fds333239,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE and Smith, MD},
Title = {Climate change adaptation in coastal environments: Modeling
challenges for resource and environmental
economists},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-68},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rex020},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rex020},
Key = {fds333239}
}
@article{fds329745,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Kramer, RA and Brown, ZS and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Spatial patterns of market participation and resource
extraction: Fuelwood collection in Northern
Uganda},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1008-1026},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Abstract = {While distance to markets is a key determinant of market
participation for households that are dependent on natural
resources, the distance to the resource stock is also
essential. Thus, a household's location with respect to
markets and the resource stock determines household market
participation and associated resource degradation. Applying
a discrete-choice framework for fuelwood collection in a
developing country, we characterize the spatial pattern of
market participation regimes and forest use. All else being
equal, autarkic households are closest to the forest and
furthest from the market, buyer households are closest to
the market and furthest from the forest, and seller
households are at intermediate distances. Empirical tests
based on survey data from northern Uganda support the
predictions from our theoretical model. Our findings have
important implications for understanding the spatial
patterns of forest degradation and determining the control
group when designing impact evaluations of the effectiveness
of development and conservation interventions.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Key = {fds329745}
}
@article{fds323783,
Author = {Fischer, C and Guttormsen, AG and Smith, MD},
Title = {Disease Risk and Market Structure in Salmon
Aquaculture},
Journal = {Water Economics and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-29},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S2382624X16500156},
Abstract = {We develop a model of a multi-national firm producing
commodities for a global market in multiple locations with
location-specific risks and different regulatory standards.
Salmon aquaculture and disease outbreaks provide an
empirically relevant example. We specifically examine
details of the infectious salmon anemia outbreak in Chile in
the late 2000s, the multi-national nature of some firms
operating in Chile, and the overall market structure of the
salmon farming industry as motivation for our theoretical
model. In the model, market structure and the regulatory
environments in multiple countries interact to influence how
intensively firms use aquatic ecosystems. Downward-sloping
market demand can lead to a perverse outcome in which high
environmental standards in one country both lower the
provision of disease management in the other country and
reduce industry-wide output. We extend this model to
consider additional locations, types of firms, and
within-location risk spillovers. We find that the risk of
outbreak in a given location is decreasing with greater firm
concentration within the location, increasing with the
outside production of operators within the location, and
increasing with lower risk (or more regulation) in other
locations where the operators produce. We suggest other
applications of multi-national risk management.},
Doi = {10.1142/S2382624X16500156},
Key = {fds323783}
}
@article{fds325886,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Kaczan, DJ and Smith, MD},
Title = {Catch shares slow the race to fish.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {544},
Number = {7649},
Pages = {223-226},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature21728},
Abstract = {In fisheries, the tragedy of the commons manifests as a
competitive race to fish that compresses fishing seasons,
resulting in ecological damage, economic waste, and
occupational hazards. Catch shares are hypothesized to halt
the race by securing each individual's right to a portion of
the total catch, but there is evidence for this from
selected examples only. Here we systematically analyse
natural experiments to test whether catch shares reduce
racing in 39 US fisheries. We compare each fishery treated
with catch shares to an individually matched control before
and after the policy change. We estimate an average policy
treatment effect in a pooled model and in a meta-analysis
that combines separate estimates for each treatment-control
pair. Consistent with the theory that market-based
management ends the race to fish, we find strong evidence
that catch shares extend fishing seasons. This evidence
informs the current debate over expanding the use of
market-based regulation to other fisheries.},
Doi = {10.1038/nature21728},
Key = {fds325886}
}
@article{fds326063,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Editorial: The Breadth of Ocean and Coastal
Economics},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {119-121},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/691607},
Doi = {10.1086/691607},
Key = {fds326063}
}
@article{fds376748,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fisheries management},
Volume = {3-4},
Pages = {175-177},
Booktitle = {Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to
Practice},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780313397073},
Key = {fds376748}
}
@article{fds323782,
Author = {Smith, MD and Oglend, A and Kirkpatrick, AJ and Asche, F and Bennear,
LS and Craig, JK and Nance, JM},
Title = {Seafood prices reveal impacts of a major ecological
disturbance.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {114},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1512-1517},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Abstract = {Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing
problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services,
but little is known about economic effects on fisheries.
Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic
impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia
and marine fauna suggest multiple mechanisms through which
hypoxia can skew a population's size distribution toward
smaller individuals. These mechanisms produce sharp
predictions about changes in seafood markets. Hypoxia is
hypothesized to decrease the quantity of large shrimp
relative to small shrimp and increase the price of large
shrimp relative to small shrimp. We test these hypotheses
using time series of size-based prices. Naive quantity-based
models using treatment/control comparisons in hypoxic and
nonhypoxic areas produce null results, but we find strong
evidence of the hypothesized effects in the relative prices:
Hypoxia increases the relative price of large shrimp
compared with small shrimp. The effects of fuel prices
provide supporting evidence. Empirical models of fishing
effort and bioeconomic simulations explain why quantifying
effects of hypoxia on fisheries using quantity data has been
inconclusive. Specifically, spatial-dynamic feedbacks across
the natural system (the fish stock) and human system (the
mobile fishing fleet) confound "treated" and "control"
areas. Consequently, analyses of price data, which rely on a
market counterfactual, are able to reveal effects of the
ecological disturbance that are obscured in quantity data.
Our results are an important step toward quantifying the
economic value of reduced upstream nutrient loading in the
Mississippi Basin and are broadly applicable to other
coupled human-natural systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Key = {fds323782}
}
@article{fds328719,
Author = {Purcell, KM and Craig, JK and Nance, JM and Smith, MD and Bennear,
LS},
Title = {Fleet behavior is responsive to a large-scale environmental
disturbance: Hypoxia effects on the spatial dynamics of the
northern Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {12},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e0183032},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Abstract = {The northwestern Gulf of Mexico shelf experiences one of the
largest seasonal hypoxic zones in the western hemisphere.
Hypoxia (dissolved oxygen, DO ≤ 2.0 mg·L-1) is most
severe from May to August during the height of the Gulf
shrimp fishery, but its effects on the fishery are not well
known. Prior studies indicate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of shrimp and other species through habitat
loss and aggregation in nearby oxygenated refuge habitats.
We hypothesized that hypoxia-induced changes in the
distribution of shrimp also alter the spatial dynamics of
the Gulf shrimp fleet. We integrated data on the geographic
distribution of shrimp tows and bottom DO to evaluate the
effects of hypoxia on spatial patterns in shrimping effort.
Our analyses indicate that shrimping effort declines in low
DO waters on both the Texas and Louisiana shelf, but that
considerable effort still occurs in low DO waters off
Louisiana, likely because riverine nutrients fuel both
benthic production and low bottom DO in the same general
regions. The response of the shrimp fleet to hypoxia on the
Louisiana shelf was complex with shifts in effort inshore,
offshore, westward, and eastward of the hypoxic zone, as
well as to an oxygenated area between two hypoxia regimes
associated with the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya River
outflows. In contrast, effort on the Texas shelf mostly
shifted offshore in response to low DO but also shifted
inshore in some years. Spatial patterns in total shrimping
effort were driven primarily by the number of shrimp tows,
consistent with aggregation of the fleet outside of hypoxic
waters, though tow duration also declined in low DO waters.
Overall, our results demonstrate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of the Gulf shrimp fishery with potential
consequences for harvest interactions and the economic
condition of the fishery.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Key = {fds328719}
}
@article{fds322708,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE and Smith, MD and Whitehead,
JC},
Title = {Economics of coastal erosion and adaptation to sea level
rise},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-139},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095416},
Abstract = {This article provides a review and synthesis of geoeconomic
models that are used to analyze coastal erosion management
and shoreline change. We outline a generic framework for
analyzing risk-mitigating and/or recreation-enhancing policy
interventions within a dynamic framework, and we review
literature that informs the nature and extent of net benefit
flows associated with coastal management. Using stated
preference analysis, we present new estimates on household
preferences for shoreline erosion management, including
costs associated with ecological impacts of management.
Lastly, we offer some guidance on directions for future
research.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095416},
Key = {fds322708}
}
@article{fds267446,
Author = {Asche, F and Roheim, CA and Smith, MD},
Title = {Trade intervention: Not a silver bullet to address
environmental externalities in global aquaculture},
Journal = {Marine Policy},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {194-201},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0308-597X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.06.021},
Abstract = {Aquaculture has been the world's fastest growing food
production technology in recent decades, and continued
growth in aquaculture production is predicted. While
creating economic opportunity, aquaculture is also a new way
of using eco-systems, and there is substantial evidence that
aquaculture creates negative environmental externalities.
Although the most effective way to address these
externalities may be improved governance, this approach is
often difficult because most aquaculture production takes
place in developing countries with limited management
capacity. The fact that a large part of aquaculture
production is traded motivates substantial interest in the
use of trade measures to reduce environmental impacts.
However, the wide variety of species, production practices,
and governance systems present in aquaculture makes it
unlikely that general trade measures will achieve
environmental objectives. Rather, there is a real risk that
trade measures will reduce economic opportunity, raise new
equity concerns, and impinge on public health with little or
no environmental impact.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2015.06.021},
Key = {fds267446}
}
@article{fds314227,
Author = {Cunningham, S and Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Spillovers in regional fisheries management: Do catch shares
cause leakage?},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {344-362},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Abstract = {Regional councils manage U.S. fisheries. Fishermen can
participate in fisheries managed by multiple councils, and
effort controls in one region could lead to effort leakage
into another. Theoretical modeling demonstrates that
positive, negative, and no leakage are possible. Using
difference-in-differences, we test for leakage across
regional boundaries for a catch share program in New England
and find evidence that the New England groundfish sector
program caused spillover into adjacent Mid-Atlantic
fisheries. Aggregate Mid-Atlantic harvest volume increased
among sector members after the policy change. We find
leakage in individual fisheries with similar gear and high
market substitutability with sector species.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Key = {fds314227}
}
@article{fds314221,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {American Catch: The Fight for Our Local Seafood. By Paul
Greenberg},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-119},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000366629500007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/684368},
Key = {fds314221}
}
@article{fds267448,
Author = {Asche, F and Chen, Y and Smith, MD},
Title = {Economic incentives to target species and fish size: Prices
and fine-scale product attributes in Norwegian
fisheries},
Journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {733-740},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1054-3139},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu208},
Abstract = {Improved fisheries management provides fishers with more
opportunities to maximize harvest value by accounting for
valuable attributes of the harvest such as species, harvest
timing, fish size, product form, and landing location.
Harvest values can also vary by vessel and gear type.
Moreover, the extent of targeting can influence the
ecosystem in which the fishers operate and provide important
management challenges.Weutilize a unique dataset containing
daily vessel-level fish landings in one region of Norway in
2010 to investigate the value of an array of attributes,
including species, product form, product condition, timing,
fish size, vessel type, gear type, and landing location for
cod and other whitefish species, aswell as king crab. Wealso
investigate to what extent landed value differs across
different communities, firms, and plants. The results
indicate substantial variation for all attributes,
highlighting opportunities for fishers aswell as potential
management challenges. For whitefish, the species landed
accounts for threequarters of the variation in prices. For
cod in particular, the fish size accounts for nearly all
variation in prices. In these fisheries, market conditions
justify management focus on the biological composition of
the catch.},
Doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsu208},
Key = {fds267448}
}
@article{fds267450,
Author = {Asche, F and Bellemare, MF and Roheim, C and Smith, MD and Tveteras,
S},
Title = {Fair Enough? Food Security and the International Trade of
Seafood},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {151-160},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.10.013},
Abstract = {Does international trade make all parties better off? We
study the relationship between food security and the
international trade of fish and seafood between developing
and developed countries. Specifically, we look at and
discuss the evolution of trade flows - values, quantities,
and prices - between developing and developed countries. The
picture that emerges suggests that the quantity of seafood
exported from developing countries to developed countries is
close to the quantity of seafood imported by developing
countries from developed countries. What takes place is a
quality exchange: developing countries export high-quality
seafood in exchange for lower quality seafood.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.10.013},
Key = {fds267450}
}
@article{fds267447,
Author = {Anderson, JL and Anderson, CM and Chu, J and Meredith, J and Asche, F and Sylvia, G and Smith, MD and Anggraeni, D and Arthur, R and Guttormsen,
A and McCluney, JK and Ward, T and Akpalu, W and Eggert, H and Flores, J and Freeman, MA and Holland, DS and Knapp, G and Kobayashi, M and Larkin, S and MacLauchlin, K and Schnier, K and Soboil, M and Tveteras, S and Uchida,
H and Valderrama, D},
Title = {The fishery performance indicators: a management tool for
triple bottom line outcomes.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e0122809},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122809},
Abstract = {Pursuit of the triple bottom line of economic, community and
ecological sustainability has increased the complexity of
fishery management; fisheries assessments require new types
of data and analysis to guide science-based policy in
addition to traditional biological information and modeling.
We introduce the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), a
broadly applicable and flexible tool for assessing
performance in individual fisheries, and for establishing
cross-sectional links between enabling conditions,
management strategies and triple bottom line outcomes.
Conceptually separating measures of performance, the FPIs
use 68 individual outcome metrics--coded on a 1 to 5 scale
based on expert assessment to facilitate application to data
poor fisheries and sectors--that can be partitioned into
sector-based or triple-bottom-line sustainability-based
interpretative indicators. Variation among outcomes is
explained with 54 similarly structured metrics of inputs,
management approaches and enabling conditions. Using 61
initial fishery case studies drawn from industrial and
developing countries around the world, we demonstrate the
inferential importance of tracking economic and community
outcomes, in addition to resource status.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0122809},
Key = {fds267447}
}
@article{fds267449,
Author = {McNamara, DE and Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, MD and Murray,
AB},
Title = {Climate adaptation and policy-induced inflation of coastal
property value.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e0121278},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121278},
Abstract = {Human population density in the coastal zone and potential
impacts of climate change underscore a growing conflict
between coastal development and an encroaching shoreline.
Rising sea-levels and increased storminess threaten to
accelerate coastal erosion, while growing demand for coastal
real estate encourages more spending to hold back the sea in
spite of the shrinking federal budget for beach nourishment.
As climatic drivers and federal policies for beach
nourishment change, the evolution of coastline mitigation
and property values is uncertain. We develop an empirically
grounded, stochastic dynamic model coupling coastal property
markets and shoreline evolution, including beach
nourishment, and show that a large share of coastal property
value reflects capitalized erosion control. The model is
parameterized for coastal properties and physical forcing in
North Carolina, U.S.A. and we conduct sensitivity analyses
using property values spanning a wide range of sandy
coastlines along the U.S. East Coast. The model shows that a
sudden removal of federal nourishment subsidies, as has been
proposed, could trigger a dramatic downward adjustment in
coastal real estate, analogous to the bursting of a bubble.
We find that the policy-induced inflation of property value
grows with increased erosion from sea level rise or
increased storminess, but the effect of background erosion
is larger due to human behavioral feedbacks. Our results
suggest that if nourishment is not a long-run strategy to
manage eroding coastlines, a gradual removal is more likely
to smooth the transition to more climate-resilient coastal
communities.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121278},
Key = {fds267449}
}
@article{fds314230,
Author = {Asche, F and Larsen, TA and Smith, MD and Sogn-Grundvåg, G and Young,
JA},
Title = {Pricing of eco-labels with retailer heterogeneity},
Journal = {Food Policy},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {82-93},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0306-9192},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.04.004},
Abstract = {Eco-labels are important features of many natural resource
and food markets. They certify that a product has some
desirable unobserved quality, typically related to a public
good such as being sustainably produced. Two issues that
have received limited attention are whether pricing varies
across different eco-labels that may compete with each other
and to what extent different retailers charge different
prices. Using a unique data set of salmon prices in eight
different United Kingdom retail chains, we investigate these
issues by estimating a price-attribute model that includes
two eco-labels and one country-of-origin label. Results show
substantial variation in the prices of the different
eco-labels and that eco-label premiums vary across retail
chains. Specifically, salmon certified with the Marine
Stewardship Council (MSC) label has a high premium in
low-end retail chains but no statistically significant
premium in the high-end chains. These findings question the
ability of the MSC label to transmit consumer
willingness-to-pay for public goods through the supply chain
to incentivize sustainable management. In contrast, premiums
for organic certification are similar in magnitude across
retailer types. In general, failure to account for retailer
heterogeneity will over- or under-estimate a label's
premium.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.04.004},
Key = {fds314230}
}
@article{fds267452,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fauna in decline: management risks.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {346},
Number = {6211},
Pages = {819},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.346.6211.819-b},
Doi = {10.1126/science.346.6211.819-b},
Key = {fds267452}
}
@article{fds323784,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Roheim, C},
Title = {Markets, Trade and Seafood},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {791-797},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set
(Print)},
Publisher = {CRC Press},
Editor = {Wang, Y},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {978-1439852484},
Abstract = {This entry describes the growth in seafood production and
trade and the main factors causing these developments. We
then review the leading economic research on the
international seafood trade and markets with a focus on
interactions of markets and the management of fisheries and
aquaculture. Specific examples include the relationship
between fisheries management institutions and international
trade; the relationship between the value of seafood
attributes and production practices; and the development of
the Fish Price Index (FPI) by the UN Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) to address food security
concerns.},
Key = {fds323784}
}
@article{fds267454,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend,
A},
Title = {Spatial-dynamics of hypoxia and fisheries: The case of Gulf
of Mexico brown shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-131},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676826},
Abstract = {We analyze the Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp fishery and the
potential impacts of a large seasonal area of hypoxia (low
dissolved oxygen) that coincides with the peak shrimp
season. A spatial-dynamic bioeconomic simulation embeds
three biological impacts on shrimp: mortality, growth, and
aggregation on hypoxic edges. Hypoxia creates feedbacks in
the bioeconomic system, altering catch and effort patterns.
System changes propagate over space to affect areas that do
not experience hypoxia. Areas that might otherwise be
considered controls in a natural experiments framework are
contaminated by the ecological disturbance through spatial
sorting. Aggregate predictions from simulations are similar
to empirical fishery data. Average shrimp size and total
landings are negatively correlated, as are hypoxic severity
and landings. Shrimp size and hypoxic severity are only
weakly negatively correlated. Growth overfishing, which
varies with recruitment success and ecological disturbances,
is a key mediating effect.},
Doi = {10.1086/676826},
Key = {fds267454}
}
@article{fds267455,
Author = {Abbott, J and Anderson, JL and Campling, L and Hannesson, R and Havice,
E and Lozier, MS and Smith, MD and Wilberg, MJ},
Title = {Steering the global partnership for oceans},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676290},
Abstract = {The Global Partnership for Oceans (GPO) is an alliance of
governments, private firms, international organizations, and
civil society groups that aims to promote ocean health while
contributing to human wellbeing. A Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP)
was commissioned to develop guiding principles for GPO
investments. Here we offer commentary on the BRP report from
scholars in multiple disciplines that study the oceans:
environmental economics, environmental politics, fisheries
science, physical oceanography, and political economy. The
BRP is a prominent, unique group of individuals representing
diverse interests of GPO partners. We applaud the call for
knowledge creation, but identify diverse issues that the BRP
omitted: the need for effective governance to address
data-poor stocks so that gaps do not dictate solutions; the
deployment of projects that facilitate learning about
governance effectiveness through program evaluation; and the
importance of large-scale coordination of data collection in
furthering the BRP's call for capacity building. Commenters'
opinions are mixed on the likely impact of the report's
recommendations on ocean health, governance, and economic
development, but they highlight several key features of the
report. A centerpiece of the report that distinguishes it
from most previous high-level reports on the oceans is the
prominence given to human well-being. The report emphasizes
the commons problem as a critical institutional failure that
must be addressed and focuses heavily on market-based
mechanisms to improve governance. The report successfully
acknowledges tradeoffs-across different stakeholders as well
as across human well-being and ocean health-but there is
little specific guidance on how to make these tradeoffs.
Historical tensions among GPO partners run deep, and
resolving them will require more than high-level principles.
For instance, it is unclear how to resolve the potential
conflict between proprietary data and the report's stated
desire for transparency and open access to information. Some
differences may ultimately be irreconcilable. The report
appropriately advocates flexibility for the GPO to adapt
solutions to particulars of a problem, avoiding the trap of
one size fits all. However, flexibility is also a weakness
because the BRP does not provide guidance on how best to
approach problems that span multiple scales. Some scales may
be beyond the scope of the GPO; for example, the GPO cannot
meaningfully contribute to global climate change mitigation.
Nevertheless, the GPO could play an important role in
climate adaptation by facilitating the development of
governance regimes that are resilient to climate-induced
species migrations.},
Doi = {10.1086/676290},
Key = {fds267455}
}
@article{fds323785,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Open access and the fishery},
Booktitle = {Environmental and Natural Resource Economics: An
Encyclopedia},
Publisher = {ABC-CLIO},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781440801204},
Abstract = {Economics is the study of the decisions, the insti- tutions,
the rules, and the laws that result in how our stuff is made
and consumed ... Environmental and Natural Resource
Economics: An Encyclopedia offers the critical information
needed to ...},
Key = {fds323785}
}
@article{fds267456,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Havice, E and Read, AJ and Squires, D},
Title = {Will a catch share for whales improve social
welfare?},
Journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological
Society of America},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-23},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1051-0761},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0085.1},
Abstract = {We critique a proposal to use catch shares to manage
transboundary wildlife resources with potentially high
non-extractive values, and we focus on the case of whales.
Because whales are impure public goods, a policy that fails
to capture all nonmarket benefits (due to free riding) could
lead to a suboptimal outcome. Even if free riding were
overcome, whale shares would face four implementation
challenges. First, a whale share could legitimize the
international trade in whale meat and expand the whale meat
market. Second, a legal whale trade creates monitoring and
enforcement challenges similar to those of organizations
that manage highly migratory species such as tuna. Third, a
whale share could create a new political economy of
management that changes incentives and increases costs for
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to achieve the current
level of conservation. Fourth, a whale share program creates
new logistical challenges for quota definition and
allocation regardless of whether the market for whale
products expands or contracts. Each of these issues, if left
unaddressed, could result in lower overall welfare for
society than under the status quo.},
Doi = {10.1890/13-0085.1},
Key = {fds267456}
}
@article{fds267451,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD},
Title = {The Dynamic Efficiency Costs of Common-Pool Resource
Exploitation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4071-4103},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9293 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We conduct the first empirical investigation of common-pool
resource users' dynamic and strategic behavior at the micro
level using real-world data. Fishermen's strategies in a
fully dynamic game account for latent resource dynamics and
other players' actions, revealing the profit structure of
the fishery. We compare the fishermen's actual and socially
optimal exploitation paths under a time-specific vessel
allocation policy and find a sizable dynamic externality.
Individual fishermen respond to other users by exerting
effort above the optimal level early in the season.
Congestion is costly instantaneously but is beneficial in
the long run because it partially offsets dynamic
inefficiencies.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.12.4071},
Key = {fds267451}
}
@article{fds267457,
Author = {Campbell, LM and Boucquey, N and Stoll, J and Coppola, H and Smith,
MD},
Title = {From Vegetable Box to Seafood Cooler: Applying the
Community-Supported Agriculture Model to
Fisheries},
Journal = {Society and Natural Resources},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0894-1920},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2013.842276},
Abstract = {Community-supported fisheries (CSF) projects show signs of
rapid growth. Modeled on community-supported agriculture
(CSA) projects, CSFs share objectives of reducing social and
physical distance between consumers and producers and
re-embedding food systems in social and environmental
contexts. This article offers a comparison of CSF and CSA,
situated in the differences between seafood and agricultural
products, and fishing and farming. We draw on economic and
resource theory, past research on CSA, and a member survey
from a case study CSF. Survey results show CSF members are
interested in accessing high-quality, fresh, local seafood,
and in supporting fishing communities, and they believe that
participating in a CSF achieves both. They are less certain
that a CSF can address environmental concerns, and few
identify environmental motives as their primary reason for
participating. The latter contrasts with CSA research
results, and we contextualize these findings in our broader
comparison. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/08941920.2013.842276},
Key = {fds267457}
}
@article{fds323786,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Managing Our Nations Fisheries 3: Advancing
Sustainability},
Editor = {Gilden, J},
Year = {2014},
Abstract = {Value Tradeoffs in Fisheries Management},
Key = {fds323786}
}
@article{fds267461,
Author = {Williams, ZC and McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Murray, AB and Gopalakrishnan, S},
Title = {Coupled economic-coastline modeling with suckers and free
riders},
Journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
Volume = {118},
Number = {2},
Pages = {887-899},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {2169-9011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20066},
Abstract = {Shoreline erosion is a natural trend along most sandy
coastlines. Humans often respond to shoreline erosion with
beach nourishment to maintain coastal property values.
Locally extending the shoreline through nourishment alters
alongshore sediment transport and changes shoreline dynamics
in adjacent coastal regions. If left unmanaged, sandy
coastlines can have spatially complex or simple patterns of
erosion due to the relationship of large-scale morphology
and the local wave climate. Using a numerical model that
simulates spatially decentralized and locally optimal
nourishment decisions characteristic of much of U.S. East
Coast beach management, we find that human erosion
intervention does not simply reflect the alongshore erosion
pattern. Spatial interactions generate feedbacks in economic
and physical variables that lead to widespread emergence of
"free riders" and "suckers" with subsequent inequality in
the alongshore distribution of property value. Along cuspate
coastlines, such as those found along the U.S. Southeast
Coast, these long-term property value differences span an
order of magnitude. Results imply that spatially
decentralized management of nourishment can lead to property
values that are divorced from spatial erosion signals; this
management approach is unlikely to be optimal. Key Points
Spatial interactions drive feedbacks between economic and
physical variables Property value differences span an order
of magnitude along cuspate coastlines Spatially myopic
nourishment disconnects property value from physical forcing
©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights
Reserved.},
Doi = {10.1002/jgrf.20066},
Key = {fds267461}
}
@article{fds222694,
Author = {Williams, Z.C. and D. McNamara and S. Gopalakrishnan and M.D. Smith and A.B. Murray},
Title = {A Coupled Economic-Coastline Model Modeling with Free Riders
and Suckers},
Journal = {J Geophys Res},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222694}
}
@article{fds215338,
Author = {Squires, D. K. Carden and A. Khan and M.D. Smith and N.
Vestergaard},
Title = {Rethinking Marine Conservation from Solving the Commons
Problem to Provision of Impure Public Goods},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds215338}
}
@article{fds215340,
Author = {Smith, M.D. and F. Asche and L.S. Bennear and E. Havice and A.J. Read and D. Squires},
Title = {A catch share for whales is unlikely to improve social
welfare},
Journal = {Ecol Appl},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds215340}
}
@article{fds222698,
Author = {Smith, M.D. and F. Asche and F., A. Oglend and L.S.
Bennear},
Title = {Spatial-dynamics of Hypoxia and Fisheries: The Case of the
Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222698}
}
@article{fds222699,
Author = {Asche, F. and M.F. Bellemare and C. Roheim and M.D. Smith and S.
Tveteras},
Title = {Fair Enough? Food Security and the International Seafood
Trade},
Journal = {Food Security},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222699}
}
@article{fds222701,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S. and D. McNamara and M.D. Smith and A.B.
Murray},
Title = {Decentralized coastal management hinders climate
adaptation},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222701}
}
@article{fds222703,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Value Tradeoffs in Fisheries Management},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of Managing Our Nation’s Fisheries
3},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222703}
}
@article{fds222697,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Demon Fish},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222697}
}
@article{fds267459,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Reflections on Marine Resource Economics: Editor’s
Introduction},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {197-201},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309334000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.3.197},
Key = {fds267459}
}
@article{fds267469,
Author = {Tveterås, S and Asche, F and Bellemare, MF and Smith, MD and Guttormsen, AG and Lem, A and Lien, K and Vannuccini,
S},
Title = {Fish is food--the FAO's fish price index.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {7},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e36731},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590598},
Abstract = {World food prices hit an all-time high in February 2011 and
are still almost two and a half times those of 2000.
Although three billion people worldwide use seafood as a key
source of animal protein, the Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) of the United Nations-which compiles
prices for other major food categories-has not tracked
seafood prices. We fill this gap by developing an index of
global seafood prices that can help to understand food
crises and may assist in averting them. The fish price index
(FPI) relies on trade statistics because seafood is heavily
traded internationally, exposing non-traded seafood to price
competition from imports and exports. Easily updated trade
data can thus proxy for domestic seafood prices that are
difficult to observe in many regions and costly to update
with global coverage. Calculations of the extent of price
competition in different countries support the plausibility
of reliance on trade data. Overall, the FPI shows less
volatility and fewer price spikes than other food price
indices including oils, cereals, and dairy. The FPI
generally reflects seafood scarcity, but it can also be
separated into indices by production technology, fish
species, or region. Splitting FPI into capture fisheries and
aquaculture suggests increased scarcity of capture fishery
resources in recent years, but also growth in aquaculture
that is keeping pace with demand. Regionally, seafood price
volatility varies, and some prices are negatively
correlated. These patterns hint that regional supply shocks
are consequential for seafood prices in spite of the high
degree of seafood tradability.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0036731},
Key = {fds267469}
}
@article{fds215333,
Author = {Tveterås, S. and F. Asche and M.F. Bellemare and M.D. Smith and A.G.
Guttormsen, A. Lem and K. Lien and S. Vannuccini},
Title = {Fish Is Food - The FAO Fish Price Index},
Journal = {PLoS ONE},
Volume = {7(5): e36731},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036731},
Key = {fds215333}
}
@article{fds267463,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {The New Fisheries Economics: Incentives Across Many
Margins},
Journal = {ANNUAL REVIEW OF RESOURCE ECONOMICS, VOL
4},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {379-+},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000311896200018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114550},
Key = {fds267463}
}
@article{fds267470,
Author = {Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend, A and Smith,
MD},
Title = {U.S. Shrimp Market Integration},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-192},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Abstract = {Recent supply shocks in the Gulf of Mexico-including
hurricanes, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the
seasonal appearance of a large dead zone of low oxygen water
(hypoxia)-have raised concerns about the economic viability
of the U.S. shrimp fishery. The ability of U.S. shrimpers to
mediate supply shocks through increased prices hinges on the
degree of market integration, both among shrimp of different
sizes classes and between U.S. wild caught shrimp and
imported farmed shrimp. We use detailed data on shrimp
prices by size class and import prices to conduct a
co-integration analysis of market integration in the shrimp
industry. We find significant evidence of market
integration, suggesting that the law of one price holds for
this industry. Hence, in the face of a supply shocks, prices
do not rise; instead, imports of foreign farmed fish
increase.},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Key = {fds267470}
}
@article{fds267472,
Author = {Huang, L and Nichols, LAB and Craig, JK and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Measuring Welfare Losses from Hypoxia: The Case of North
Carolina Brown Shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-23},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-27.1.3},
Abstract = {While environmental stressors such as hypoxia (low dissolved
oxygen) are perceived as a threat to the productivity of
coastal ecosystems, policy makers have little information
about the economic consequences for fisheries. Recent work
on hypoxia develops a bioeconomic model to harness microdata
and quantify the effects of hypoxia on North Carolina's
brown shrimp fishery. This work finds that hypoxia is
responsible for a 12.9% decrease in NC brown shrimp catches
from 1999-2005 in the Neuse River Estuary and Pamlico Sound,
assuming that vessels do not react to changes in abundance.
The current article extends this work to explore the full
economic consequences of hypoxia on the supply and demand
for brown shrimp. Demand analysis reveals that the NC shrimp
industry is too small to influence prices, which are driven
entirely by imports and other domestic U.S. harvest. Thus,
demand is flat and there are no measurable benefits to
shrimp consumers from reduced hypoxia. On the supply side,
we find that the shrimp fleet responds to variation in
price, abundance, and weather. Hence, the supply curve has
some elasticity. Producer benefits of reduced hypoxia are
less than a quarter of the computed gains from assuming no
behavioral adjustment. Copyright © 2012 MRE Foundation,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.1.3},
Key = {fds267472}
}
@article{fds267471,
Author = {Lazarus, ED and McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Gopalakrishnan, S and Murray, AB},
Title = {Emergent behavior in a coupled economic and coastline model
for beach nourishment},
Journal = {Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {6},
Pages = {989-999},
Publisher = {Copernicus GmbH},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1023-5809},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000298367500018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Developed coastal areas often exhibit a strong systemic
coupling between shoreline dynamics and economic dynamics.
"Beach nourishment", a common erosion-control practice,
involves mechanically depositing sediment from outside the
local littoral system onto an actively eroding shoreline to
alter shoreline morphology. Natural sedimenttransport
processes quickly rework the newly engineered beach, causing
further changes to the shoreline that in turn affect
subsequent beach-nourishment decisions. To the limited
extent that this landscape/economic coupling has been
considered, evidence suggests that towns tend to employ
spatially myopic economic strategies under which individual
towns make isolated decisions that do not account for their
neighbors. What happens when an optimization strategy that
explicitly ignores spatial interactions is incorporated into
a physical model that is spatially dynamic? The longterm
attractor that develops for the coupled system (the state
and behavior to which the system evolves over time) is
unclear. We link an economic model, in which town-manager
agents choose economically optimal beach-nourishment
intervals according to past observations of their immediate
shoreline, to a simplified coastal-dynamics model that
includes alongshore sediment transport and background
erosion (e.g. from sea-level rise). Simulations suggest that
feedbacks between these human and natural coastal processes
can generate emergent behaviors. When alongshore sediment
transport and spatially myopic nourishment decisions are
coupled, increases in the rate of sea-level rise can
destabilize economically optimal nourishment practices into
a regime characterized by the emergence of chaotic shoreline
evolution. © Author(s) 2011.},
Doi = {10.5194/npg-18-989-2011},
Key = {fds267471}
}
@article{fds314222,
Author = {Smith, MD and Gopalakrishnan, S},
Title = {Prices and Quantities to Control Overfishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Economists have long promoted fishery rationalization
programs, but ITQs may fail to address the ecological
consequences of fishing. Of particular concern is that
economic incentives to harvest larger fish (due to
size-dependent pricing or quota-induced discarding) can
destabilize fish populations or lead to evolutionary
changes. A substantial theoretical literature in economics
has explored incentive problems in ITQ fisheries but has
treated highgrading as part of the stock externality. We
provide an alternative viewpoint in that the stock
externality and the size-based incentives are two distinct
externalities and thus require two distinct policy
instruments. In this paper, we show that if managers know
the price-by-size distribution and the size distribution of
the population, total revenues and total catch (in weight)
by vessel are sufficient statistics to design a schedule of
revenue-neutral individualized landings taxes that eliminate
the incentive to highgrade in an ITQ fishery. Landings taxes
can be used to address the ecological consequences of
fishing while using ITQs to address the open access stock
externality.},
Key = {fds314222}
}
@misc{fds304078,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Success or Selection: An Economic Perspective on Fisheries
Co-Management},
Journal = {Working Papers on the Web},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds304078}
}
@article{fds201467,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S. and D. McNamara and A.B. Murray and J.M. Slott and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Shifting Shorelines: Adapting to the Future},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Coastal Society's 2010 International
Conference, Wilmington, NC},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds201467}
}
@article{fds215334,
Author = {L.S. Bennear and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Success or Selection? An economic perspective on fisheries
co-management},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds215334}
}
@article{fds267473,
Author = {Smith, MD and Crowder, LB},
Title = {Valuing Ecosystem Services with Fishery Rents: A
Lumped-Parameter Approach to Hypoxia in the Neuse River
Estuary},
Journal = {Sustainability},
Volume = {3},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2229-2267},
Publisher = {MDPI AG},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {2071-1050},
url = {http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/3/11/2229/pdf},
Abstract = {Valuing ecosystem services with microeconomic underpinnings
presents challenges because these services typically
constitute nonmarket values and contribute to human welfare
indirectly through a series of ecological pathways that are
dynamic, nonlinear, and difficult to quantify and link to
appropriate economic spatial and temporal scales. This paper
develops and demonstrates a method to value a portion of
ecosystem services when a commercial fishery is dependent on
the quality of estuarine habitat. Using a lumped-parameter,
dynamic open access bioeconomic model that is spatially
explicit and includes predator-prey interactions, this paper
quantifies part of the value of improved ecosystem function
in the Neuse River Estuary when nutrient pollution is
reduced. Specifically, it traces the effects of nitrogen
loading on the North Carolina commercial blue crab fishery
by modeling the response of primary production and the
subsequent impact on hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen).
Hypoxia, in turn, affects blue crabs and their preferred
prey. The discounted present value fishery rent increase
from a 30% reduction in nitrogen loadings in the Neuse is
$2.56 million, though this welfare estimate is fairly
sensitive to some parameter values. Surprisingly, this
number is not sensitive to initial conditions. © 2011 by
the authors.},
Doi = {10.3390/su3112229},
Key = {fds267473}
}
@article{fds267474,
Author = {Zhang, J and Smith, MD},
Title = {Estimation of a generalized fishery model: A two-stage
approach},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {690-699},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/REST_a_00075},
Abstract = {U.S. federal law calls for an end to overfishing, but
measuring overfishing requires knowledge of bioeconomic
parameters. Using microlevel economic data from the
commercial fishery, this paper proposes a two-stage approach
to estimate these parameters for a generalized fishery
model. In the first stage, a fishery production function is
consistently estimated by a within-period estimator treating
the latent stock as a fixed effect. The estimated stock is
then substituted into an equation of fish stock dynamics to
estimate all other biological parameters. The bootstrap
approach is used to correct the standard errors in the
two-stage model. This method is applied to the reef-fish
fishery in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. The traditional
method, which uses catch-per-unit-effort as a stock proxy,
significantly overstates the optimal harvest level. © 2011
by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00075},
Key = {fds267474}
}
@article{fds267475,
Author = {Conrad, JM and Smith, MD},
Title = {Non-spatial and spatial models in bioeconomics},
Journal = {Natural Resource Modeling},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-92},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0890-8575},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00102.x},
Abstract = {Beginning in the 1960s, ecologists, mathematicians, and
economists started developing a class of models, which today
are referred to as bioeconomic models. These early models
started with a difference or differential equation
describing the dynamics of a biological resource. To this
equation one might add a second difference or differential
equation describing the dynamics of "harvesting effort."
Alternatively, one could formulate a dynamic optimization
problem seeking to maximize discounted net benefit. These
models provided important insights into the tragedy of the
commons and policies that might promote optimal management.
By the 1970s, more complex models were developed
incorporating multispecies interactions, age-structured
populations, and models with stochastic growth. In the late
1990s, spatial bioeconomic models were developed in
recognition of the importance of location when managing
biological resources. The objectives of this survey are to:
(i) review some of the early models in bioeconomics, (ii)
present some of the key spatial models in bioeconomics that
have been used to assess the value of marine (no-take)
reserves, and (iii) speculate on the direction of future
research in spatial bioeconomics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00102.x},
Key = {fds267475}
}
@article{fds267476,
Author = {Zhang, J and Smith, MD},
Title = {Heterogeneous Response to Marine Reserve Formation: A
Sorting Model Approach},
Journal = {Environ & Resource Econ},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {311-325},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/eare/2011/00000049/00000003/00009434?crawler=true},
Abstract = {The bioeconomic impacts of spatial fisheries management
hinge on how fishing vessels reallocate their effort over
space. However, empirical studies face two challenges:
heterogeneous behavioral responses and unobservable resource
abundance. This paper addresses these two problems
simultaneously by using an unusual data set and an
estimation technique developed in the industrial
organization literature. We apply the methods to location
and species choices in the Gulf of Mexico reef-fish fishery.
The models are used to explore spatial effort substitution
in response to two marine reserves. Individual attributes
from a survey of vessel captains are linked to each
fisherman's observed daily trip information to control for
observable heterogeneity. Some unobservable abundance
information is captured by location- and species-specific
constants and estimated by contraction mapping. The
empirical results confirm that there is significant
heterogeneity in fishermen's response to the formation of
marine reserves. They also show that ignoring unobservable
abundance information will lead to significant bias in
predicting spatial fishing effort. © 2010 The
Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-010-9434-x},
Key = {fds267476}
}
@article{fds267477,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, MD and Slott, JM and Murray,
AB},
Title = {The Value of Disappearing Beaches: A Hedonic Model with
Endogenous Beach Width},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-310},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069610001221},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a policy used to rebuild eroding
beaches with sand dredged from other locations. Previous
studies indicate that beach width positively affects coastal
property values, but these studies ignore the dynamic
features of beaches and the feedback that nourishment has on
shoreline retreat. We correct for the resulting attenuation
and endogeneity bias in a hedonic property value model by
instrumenting for beach width using spatially varying
coastal geological features. We find that the beach width
coefficient is nearly five times larger than the OLS
estimate, suggesting that beach width is a much larger
portion of property value than previously thought. We use
the empirical results to parameterize a dynamic optimization
model of beach nourishment decisions and show that the
predicted interval between nourishment projects is closer to
what we observe in the data when we use the estimate from
the instrumental variables model rather than OLS. As coastal
communities adapt to climate change, we find that the
long-term net value of coastal residential property can fall
by as much as 52% when erosion rate triples and cost of
nourishment sand quadruples. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Key = {fds267477}
}
@article{fds267479,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD},
Title = {Management of an Annual Fishery in the Presence of
Ecological Stress: The Case of Shrimp and
Hypoxia},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {4},
Pages = {688-697},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.11.003},
Abstract = {The emergence of ecosystem-based management suggests that
traditional fisheries management and protection of
environmental quality are increasingly interrelated. Fishery
managers, however, have limited control over most sources of
marine and estuarine pollution and at best can only adapt to
environmental conditions. We develop a bioeconomic model of
optimal harvest of an annual species that is subject to an
environmental disturbance. We parameterize the model to
analyze the effect of hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen) on the
optimal harvest path of brown shrimp, a commercially
important species that is fished in hypoxic waters in the
Gulf of Mexico and in estuaries in the southeastern United
States. We find that hypoxia alters the qualitative pattern
of optimal harvest and shifts the season opening earlier in
the year; more severe hypoxia leads to even earlier season
openings. Failure to adapt to hypoxia leads to greater
losses when the effects of hypoxia are more severe. However,
rent gains from adapting fishery management to hypoxia are
relatively small compared to rent losses from the hypoxia
effect itself. This suggests that it is critical for other
regulatory agencies to control estuarine pollution, and
fishery managers need to generate value from the fishery
resources through other means such as rationalization. ©
2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.11.003},
Key = {fds267479}
}
@article{fds359357,
Author = {Murray, AB and Gopalakrishnan, S and McNamara, D and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Progress in Coupling Models of Human and Coastal Landscape
Change},
Journal = {Computers & Geosciences},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds359357}
}
@article{fds267480,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Guttormsen, AG and Wiener,
JB},
Title = {Genetically Modified Salmon and Full Impact
Assessment},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {330},
Number = {6007},
Pages = {1052-1053},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097923},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1197769},
Key = {fds267480}
}
@article{fds267482,
Author = {Smith, MD and Lynham, J and Sanchirico, JN and Wilson,
JA},
Title = {Political economy of marine reserves: understanding the role
of opportunity costs.},
Journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
Volume = {107},
Number = {43},
Pages = {18300-18305},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133732},
Abstract = {The creation of marine reserves is often controversial. For
decisionmakers, trying to find compromises, an understanding
of the timing, magnitude, and incidence of the costs of a
reserve is critical. Understanding the costs, in turn,
requires consideration of not just the direct financial
costs but also the opportunity costs associated with
reserves. We use a discrete choice model of commercial
fishermen's behavior to examine both the short-run and
long-run opportunity costs of marine reserves. Our results
can help policymakers recognize the factors influencing
commercial fishermen's responses to reserve proposals. More
generally, we highlight the potential drivers behind the
political economy of marine reserves.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.0907365107},
Key = {fds267482}
}
@article{fds267488,
Author = {Smith, MD and Roheim, CA and Crowder, LB and Halpern, BS and Turnipseed,
M and Anderson, JL and Asche, F and Bourillón, L and Guttormsen, AG and Khan, A and Liguori, LA and McNevin, A and O'Connor, MI and Squires, D and Tyedmers, P and Brownstein, C and Carden, K and Klinger, DH and Sagarin,
R and Selkoe, KA},
Title = {Economics. Sustainability and global seafood.},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {327},
Number = {5967},
Pages = {784-786},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20150469},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1185345},
Key = {fds267488}
}
@article{fds184505,
Author = {L. Huang and L.A.B. Nichols and J.K. Craig and M.D.
Smith},
Title = {Economic Impacts of Hypoxia on North Carolina Brown
Shrimp},
Journal = {CD ROM Proceedings of the15th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184505}
}
@article{fds184506,
Author = {M.D. Smith and S. Gopalakrishnan},
Title = {Combining Property Rights and Landings Taxes to Mitigate the
Ecological Impacts of Fishing},
Journal = {CD ROM Proceedings of the15th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184506}
}
@article{fds184509,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Fisheries Management: Pandemic Failure and
Workable Solutions (by Giulio Pontecorvo and William
Schrank., Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley UK
2009)},
Journal = {International Journal of Maritime History},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {351-52,},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184509}
}
@article{fds172079,
Author = {Huang, L. and M.D. Smith},
Title = {The Dynamic Efficiency Costs of Common-pool Resource
Exploitation},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds172079}
}
@article{fds267478,
Author = {McNamara, D and Murray, AB and Smith, MD},
Title = {Coastal sustainability depends on how economic and coastline
responses to climate change affect each other},
Journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
Volume = {38},
Number = {7},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0094-8276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047207},
Abstract = {Human-induced climate change is predicted to accelerate sea
level rise and alter storm frequency along the US east
coast. Rising sea level will enhance shoreline erosion, and
recent work indicates changing storm patterns and associated
changes in wave conditions can intensify coastal erosion
along parts of a coastline. Investigations of coastal
response to climate change typically consider natural
processes in isolation neglecting repeated changes to the
coastline from human actions, primarily through shoreline
nourishment projects, which add sand to the shoreline to
counteract erosion. In a model coupling economically driven
shoreline nourishment with wave- and sea level rise-driven
coastline change, and accounting for dwindling sediment
resources for nourishment, coastline response depends
dramatically on the relationship between patterns of
property value and erosion. Simulations show that when
nourishment costs rise with depletion of sand resources,
coastline change is tied to the interaction between patterns
of erosion and property value. Simulations show that when
high property values align with highly erosive locations,
sand resources are depleted rapidly and nourishment in lower
property value towns is quickly abandoned. Although our
model simulates a particular coastal morphology, the result
that future behavior of the coastline and the economic
viability of nourishment in a given town depend on the
regional interaction between patterns of property value and
erosion is likely applicable to many coastal configurations.
More broadly, coupling economic and physical models reveals
equity and sustainability implications of coastal climate
adaptation as well as patterns of coastline change that a
physical model alone would overlook. Copyright 2011 by the
American Geophysical Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2011GL047207},
Key = {fds267478}
}
@article{fds267481,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Toward an Econometric Foundation for Marine Ecosystem-based
Management},
Journal = {Bulletin of Marine Science},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {461-477},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0007-4977},
Abstract = {Fishery-dependent data increasingly include fine-scale
resolution of the spatial and temporal behavior of
individual fishing vessels. Here, I discuss how empirical
economic models can be used to analyze these data and inform
the design and evaluation of marine spatial management.
First, empirical economic models can isolate the causal
drivers of fishing decisions and inform managers about what
will happen after a policy change such as the formation of a
new marine reserve. The main approach in fisheries economics
is to use a statistical model of fishing-ground choice as a
function of the profitability of each alternative. I
highlight key findings from this literature and ways in
which recent methodological developments can address
emerging issues in spatial management. Second, the decisions
of individual fishermen can reveal information about the
spatial biophysical characteristics of an ecosystem. To
illustrate this point, I present a Monte Carlo
simulated-data experiment in which individual spatial
fishing choices are statistically analyzed. The experiment
shows how the information embedded in individual fishermen's
choices can isolate the spatiotemporal pattern of fish
abundance. Tis pattern, in turn, can be used to quantify the
environment dependence of fishery resources. Harnessing
fishery-dependent data in this way can in principle show how
environmental variables affect fisheries without direct
observation of fish abundance or a specific model of stock
dynamics. © 2010 Rosenstiel School of Marine and
Atmospheric Science of the University of
Miami.},
Key = {fds267481}
}
@article{fds267483,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD and Craig, JK},
Title = {Quantifying the Economic Effects of Hypoxia on a Fishery for
Brown Shrimp, Farfantepenaeus aztecus},
Journal = {Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and
Ecosystem Science},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {232-248},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1942-5120},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000208152900017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Although hypoxia is a threat to coastal ecosystems, policy
makers have limited information about its economic impacts
on fisheries. Studies using spatially and temporally
aggregated data generally fail to detect statistically
significant effects of hypoxia on fisheries. Limited recent
work using disaggregated fishing data (microdata) has
revealed modest effects of hypoxia on the catches of
recreationally harvested species. These studies did not
account for important spatial and temporal aspects of the
system, however. For example, the effects of hypoxia on
catch may not materialize instantaneously but involve a
lagged process reflecting cumulative past exposure. This
paper develops a differenced bioeconomic model to account
for the lagged effects of hypoxia on the North Carolina
fishery for brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus. The model
integrates high-resolution oxygen monitoring data with
fishery-dependent microdata from North Carolina's trip
ticket program to investigate the detailed spatial and
temporal relationships of hypoxia to commercial fishery
harvests. The main finding is that hypoxia may have resulted
in a 12.9% annual decrease in the brown shrimp harvest
during the period 1999-2005. The paper also develops two
alternative models-a nondifferenced model and a polynomial
distributed lag model-whose results are consistent with
those of the main model. © American Fisheries Society
2010.},
Doi = {10.1577/C09-048.1},
Key = {fds267483}
}
@article{fds304888,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, M and Slott, J and Murray,
AB},
Title = {The Value of Disappearing Beaches in North Carolina: A
hedonic pricing model with endogenous beach
width},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-310},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a policy used to rebuild eroding
beaches with sand dredged from other locations. Previous
studies indicate that beach width positively affects coastal
property values, but these studies ignore the dynamic
features of beaches and the feedback that nourishment has on
shoreline retreat. We correct for the resulting attenuation
and endogeneity bias in a hedonic property value model by
instrumenting for beach width using spatially varying
coastal geological features. We find that the beach width
coefficient is nearly five times larger than the OLS
estimate, suggesting that beach width is a much larger
portion of property value than previously thought. We use
the empirical results to parameterize a dynamic optimization
model of beach nourishment decisions and show that the
predicted interval between nourishment projects is closer to
what we observe in the data when we use the estimate from
the instrumental variables model rather than OLS. As coastal
communities adapt to climate change, we find that the
long-term net value of coastal residential property can fall
by as much as 52% when erosion rate triples and cost of
nourishment sand quadruples. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Key = {fds304888}
}
@article{fds171924,
Author = {Asche, F. and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Trade and Fisheries: Key Issues for the World Trade
Organization},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds171924}
}
@article{fds267484,
Author = {Smith, MD and Slott, JM and McNamara, D and Murray,
AB},
Title = {Beach nourishment as a dynamic capital accumulation
problem},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.011},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a common coastal management strategy
used to combat erosion along sandy coastlines. It involves
building out a beach with sand dredged from another
location. This paper develops a positive model of beach
nourishment and generates testable hypotheses about how the
frequency of nourishment responds to property values,
project costs, erosion rates, and discounting. By treating
the decision to nourish as a dynamic capital accumulation
problem, the model produces new insights about coupled
economic geomorphological systems. In particular,
determining whether the frequency of nourishment increases
in response to physical and economic forces depends on
whether the decay rate of nourishment sand exceeds the
discount rate. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.011},
Key = {fds267484}
}
@article{fds267487,
Author = {Smith, MD and Sanchirico, JN and Wilen, JE},
Title = {The economics of spatial-dynamic processes: Applications to
renewable resources},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {57},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-121},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.001},
Abstract = {Spatial-dynamic processes in renewable resource economics
pose difficult conceptual, analytical, empirical, and
institutional challenges that are distinct from either
spatial or dynamic problems. We describe the challenges and
conceptual approaches using both continuous and discrete
depictions of space and summarize key findings. Using a
metapopulation model of the fishery and simulated economic
and ecological data, we show that it is possible in certain
circumstances to recover both biological and economic
parameters of a linked spatial-dynamic system from only
economic data. We illustrate the application empirically
with data from the Gulf of Mexico reef-fish fishery. We
conclude with a discussion of key policy and institutional
design issues involved in managing spatial-dynamic systems.
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.001},
Key = {fds267487}
}
@article{fds267489,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Bioeconometrics: Empirical Modeling of Bioeconomic
Systems},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/mre.23.1.42629599},
Abstract = {The rise of ecosystem management as an approach to renewable
resource policy increases the demand for empirical
bioeconomics. This paper provides a working definition of
bioeconometrics and a taxonomy of model types. A
bioeconometric model is a structural model that
econometrically estimates one or more parameters of a
bioeconomic system. Bioeconometric model types include
equilibrium, dynamically decoupled, and dynamically coupled.
The challenges and importance of bioeconometrics are
illustrated with a Monte Carlo analysis of simulated data
that attempts to differentiate among six different
qualitative categories in a system characterized by critical
depensation. The analysis highlights a theme in nonlinear
dynamics - that a small quantitative change in a parameter
can affect the qualitative dynamics - and shows that the
econometrician may know the least empirically about a
bioeconomic system when she needs to know the most.
Copyright © 2008 MRE Foundation, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.23.1.42629599},
Key = {fds267489}
}
@article{fds267490,
Author = {Slott, JM and Smith, MD and Murray, AB},
Title = {Synergies Between Adjacent Beach-Nourishing Communities in a
Morpho-economic Coupled Coastline Model},
Journal = {Coastal Management},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {374-391},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0892-0753},
url = {10.1080/08920750802266429},
Abstract = {Beach "nourishment" consists of placing sand on an eroding
beach. The widened beach provides increased storm protection
to adjacent structures and improved recreational benefits,
but is most often transient, requiring on-going, repeated
nourishment episodes. Numerical models of beach nourishment
typically address such questions as how long a widened beach
will last; economic models compare the benefits and costs of
preserving a stretch of beach without regard to its
geomorphic evolution. Neither have addressed the physical
nor economic interactions between adjacent nourishing
communities. Here, we couple a numerical model of coastline
evolution and a cost-benefit model of beach nourishment,
allowing adjacent communities to make dynamic nourishment
decisions. Beach nourishment benefits adjacent communities
both "updrift" and "downdrift." The total amount of money
spent on nourishment activities can decrease by as much as
25% when adjacent communities both conduct on-going
nourishment projects, as opposed to the case where each
community nourishes in isolation.},
Doi = {10.1080/08920750802266429},
Key = {fds267490}
}
@article{fds267491,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Econometric Modeling of Fisheries with Complex Life
Histories: Avoiding Biological Management
Failures},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-280},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2007.11.003},
Abstract = {Economics of the fishery has focused on the wastefulness of
common pool resource exploitation. Pure open access
fisheries dissipate economic rents and degrade biological
stocks. Biologically managed fisheries also dissipate rents
but are thought to hold biological stocks at desired levels.
We develop and estimate an empirical bioeconomic model of
the Gulf of Mexico gag fishery that questions the
presumptive success of biological management. Unlike
previous bioeconomic life history studies, we provide a way
to circumvent calibration problems by embedding our
estimation routine directly in the dynamic bioeconomic
model. We nest a standard biological management model that
accounts for complex life history characteristics of the
gag. Biological intuition suggests that a spawning season
closure will reduce fishing pressure and increase stocks,
and simulations of the biological management model confirm
this finding. However, simulations of the empirical
bioeconomic model suggest that these intended outcomes of
the spawning closure do not materialize. The behavioral
response to the closure appears to be so pronounced that it
offsets the restriction in allowable fishing days. Our
results indicate that failure to account for fishing
behavior may play an important role in fishery management
failures. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2007.11.003},
Key = {fds267491}
}
@article{fds267492,
Author = {Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD and Lipton, DW},
Title = {An empirical approach to ecosystem-based fishery
management},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {586-596},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/EBFM_EcolEcon_06-00332_FINAL.pdf},
Abstract = {Marine scientists and policymakers are encouraging
ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM), but there is
limited guidance on how to operationalize the concept. We
adapt financial portfolio theory as a method for EBFM that
accounts for species interdependencies, uncertainty, and
sustainability constraints. Illustrating our method with
routinely collected data available from the Chesapeake Bay,
we demonstrate the gains from taking into account variances
and covariances of gross fishing revenues in setting species
total allowable catches. We find over the period from
1962-2003 that managers could have increased the revenues
from fishing and reduced the variance by employing EBFM
frontiers in setting catch levels. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.04.006},
Key = {fds267492}
}
@article{fds267486,
Author = {Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD and Lipton, DW},
Title = {Managing Fish Portfolios},
Journal = {Resources},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/RFF-Resources-164-FishPortfolios.pdf},
Key = {fds267486}
}
@article{fds171923,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Climate Change and the Economics of the World’s
Fisheries: Examples of Small Pelagic Stocks (Edited by
Rögnvaldur Hannesson, Manuael Barange, and Samuel F.
Herrick Jr., Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar,
2006)},
Journal = {International Journal of Maritime History},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds171923}
}
@article{fds267460,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Structural Modeling of Marine Reserves with Bayesian
Estimation},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {131-46},
Pages = {121-136},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/REVISED_MRE06-81_smith_zhang_coleman.pdf},
Abstract = {Structural models can assess the effectiveness of fishery
management prospectively and retrospectively. However, when
only fishery-dependent data are available, structural
econometric models are highly nonlinear in the parameters,
and maximum likelihood and other extremum-based estimators
can fail to converge. As a solution to these estimation
challenges, we adapt Bayesian econometric methods to
estimate a dynamic structural model of marine reserve
formation. Using simulated data, we find that our approach
is able to recover structural biological and economic
parameters that classical estimation procedures fail to
recover. We apply the approach to real data from the Gulf of
Mexico reef-fish fishery. We test the effects of the
Steamboat Lumps Marine Reserve on population growth and
catchability for gag, a species of grouper. We find that
after four years, the reserve has neither produced
statistically significant losses in sustainable yield nor
statistically significant gains in biological production.
Copyright © 1996 Marine Resources Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.22.2.42629548},
Key = {fds267460}
}
@article{fds267485,
Author = {Liese, C and Smith, MD and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Open access in a spatially delineated artisanal fishery: The
case of Minahasa, Indonesia},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-143},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1355-770X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6744 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The effects of economic development on the exploitation of
renewable resources are investigated in settings where
property rights are ill defined or not enforced. This paper
explores potential conservation implications from labor and
product market developments, such as enhanced transportation
infrastructure. A model is developed that predicts
individual fish catch per unit effort based on
characteristics of individual fishermen and the development
status of their villages. The econometric model is estimated
using data from a cross-sectional household survey of
artisanal coral reef fishermen in Minahasa, Indonesia,
taking account of fishermen heterogeneity. Variation across
different villages and across fishermen within the villages
is used to explore the effects of development. Strong
evidence is found for the countervailing forces of product
and labor market effects on the exploitation of a coral reef
fishery. © 2007 Cambridge University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X06003421},
Key = {fds267485}
}
@article{fds267505,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Generating value in habitat-dependent fisheries: The
importance of fishery management institutions},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-73},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/FINALVERSIONm_smith_LandEcon_naafe_2005.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper models dynamic producer and consumer benefits
from improving habitat that supports the North Carolina blue
crab fishery. It embeds two fishery management institutions
- open access and partial rationalization - in a
multispecies, two-patch spatial bioeconomic model with
endogenous output price and estuarine eutrophication.
Producer benefits from improved environmental quality are
higher for the rationalized fishery than for open access.
Consumer benefits are larger than producer benefits and are
comparable across institutions. However, the total benefits
from improving environmental quality are small relative to
the benefits from rationalizing the fishery and leaving
environmental quality the same. © 2007 by the Board of
Regents of the University of Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.83.1.59},
Key = {fds267505}
}
@article{fds267504,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Effectiveness of marine reserves for large-scale fisheries
management},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic
Sciences},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {153-164},
Publisher = {Canadian Science Publishing},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0706-652X},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smith},
Abstract = {As more no-take marine reserves are established, the
importance of evaluating effectiveness retrospectively is
growing. This paper adapts methods from program evaluation
to quantify the effects of establishing a marine reserve on
fisheries using fishery-dependent data. The approach
analyzes the effects of a policy at the individual vessel
level and accommodates the coarse spatial resolution of
fishing logbooks. It illuminates implicit assumptions in
previous retrospective analyses of marine reserves that are
unlikely to hold for large-scale fisheries. We illustrate
the empirical model with an application to the Gulf of
Mexico reef-fish fishery. Isolating the effects of reserves
requires a full accounting of multiple gear production
technologies, heterogeneity in vessel captain skill, spatial
heterogeneity of fish stocks, seasonal patterns in
abundance, the effects of coexisting management policies,
and the possibility that the harvest sector anticipates
reserve establishment. We find that the effect of two
recently established marine reserves on catch is negative
and trending downward, though the reserves have only been in
place for 4.5 years. © 2005 NRC.},
Doi = {10.1139/f05-205},
Key = {fds267504}
}
@misc{fds331432,
Author = {Roebeling, PC and Bohnet, I and Smith, M and Westcott, D and Kroon, F and Hartcher, M and Hodgen, M and Vleeshouwer, J},
Title = {Landscapes toolkit for triple-bottom-line assessment of land
use scenarios in Great Barrier Reef catchments},
Journal = {MODSIM05 - International Congress on Modelling and
Simulation: Advances and Applications for Management and
Decision Making, Proceedings},
Pages = {711-717},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780975840009},
Abstract = {The coastal strip adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR)
is a region of high economic importance and exceptional
environmental value. It contains the highest biological
diversity in Australia, supports a World Heritage rainforest
area and directly influences the GBR. To ensure that future
development addresses economic and social issues while
enabling remediation of landscape and ecosystem degradation,
a Landscapes Toolkit (LsT) is being developed as part of the
CSIRO 'Water for a Healthy Country' National Research
Flagship project: Repair and Sustainable Development of
Floodplains in the Wet Tropics. (Figure Presented) Using The
Invisible Modelling Environment (TIME) the LsT integrates
disparate disciplinary approaches, knowledge and data, to
allow for the spatially-explicit analysis of the impacts on
environmental, social and economic values (i.e. the
triple-bottom-line) of changes in land use & management. The
LsT comprises disciplinary models for terrestrial
biodiversity, aquatic biodiversity, production systems,
hydrology and water quality, and terrestrial economics,
which users can select depending on their specific concerns.
These models are passively linked to allow for the
comparative-static evaluation of predefined land use &
management change scenarios, while users can define the
corresponding type and format of output (see Figure 1). The
Douglas Shire in North Queensland serves as a case study to
develop and test the LsT approach. Three land use scenarios
(production, water quality and biodiversity) are developed
together with the local community and are assessed for their
impact based on a limited number of selected economic,
biodiversity and water quality criteria. In the Water
Quality scenario farm incomes, biodiversity and, to a
limited extent, water quality improve as compared to the
current situation, whereas in the Biodiversity scenario,
terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity improve significantly
while farm incomes decrease as compared to the current
situation and the Water Quality scenario. It is anticipated
to use the LsT in a participatory process with stakeholders,
to develop future scenarios and provide information that aid
the community in deciding among multiple choices. Over the
coming years the LsT will be developed to allow for the
dynamic evaluation of user-defined scenarios, while in the
long-term the LsT will allow for active linkages between
disciplinary models to account for processes endogenous to
the system. Additionally, attention will be given to
uncertainty surrounding the component models' and integrated
system results.},
Key = {fds331432}
}
@article{fds267465,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Heterogeneous and correlated risk preferences in commercial
fishermen: The perfect storm dilemma},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-71},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-005-2930-7},
Abstract = {Commercial fishing involves both physical and financial
risks. This combination questions whether fishermen are
inherently risk-loving, whether physical and financial risk
preferences are correlated, and how much preferences vary
across fishermen. This paper addresses these questions with
a panel data set of daily participation decisions in the
California sea urchin dive fishery. Weather buoy data and
the prevalence of great white sharks at a particular fishing
site proxy for physical risk. Overall, urchin fishermen are
not risk-loving on average, risk preferences are
heterogeneous, and there is some evidence that risk
preferences are positively correlated across physical and
financial domains. © 2005 Springer Science + Business
Media, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-005-2930-7},
Key = {fds267465}
}
@article{fds267500,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {State Dependence and Heterogeneity in Fishing Location
Choice},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-340},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/msmith_state_het_jeem_for_pub_WITH_APPENDIX.pdf},
Abstract = {To explore the distinction between state dependence and
heterogeneity in repeated decisions, this paper combines a
Mixed Logit model with a state dependence parameterization
from the marketing literature to study fishing location
choices of commercial sea urchin divers in California. It
examines implications of ignoring either effect and finds in
all cases that true state dependence is an important
determinant of location choice. Consequently, spatial
policies like marine reserves can lead to differences in the
short- and long-run behavioral responses of the fishing
fleet. Under some specifications, random preference
parameters are statistically significant when state
dependence is excluded from the model, but when it is
included, random preference parameters are not significant.
In other specifications, including state dependence only
dampens the variability in preference parameters. These
results highlight the importance of gathering and analyzing
diary-type data for commercial fisheries as well as for
similar choice problems in recreation demand. © 2005
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2005.04.001},
Key = {fds267500}
}
@article{fds267503,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Correlated Risk Preferences and Behavior of Commercial
Fishermen: The Perfect Storm/Dilemma},
Journal = {The Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-71},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smith_wilen_correlated},
Key = {fds267503}
}
@article{fds267468,
Author = {Saterson, K and Christensen, NL and Jackson, RB and Kramer, RA and Pimm,
SL and Smith, MD and Wiener, JB},
Title = {Disconnects in Evaluating the Relative Effectiveness of
Conservation Strategies},
Journal = {Conservation Biology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {597-599},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7005 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.01831.x},
Key = {fds267468}
}
@article{fds267497,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Marine Reserves with Endogenous Ports: Empirical
Bioeconomics of the California Sea Urchin
Fishery},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-112},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/SmithWilen_mre},
Abstract = {Marine reserves are gaining substantial public support as
tools for commercial fisheries management. Harvest sector
responses will influence policy performance, yet biological
studies often depict harvester behavior as spread uniformly
over fishing grounds and unresponsive to economic
opportunities. Previous bioeconomic analyses show that these
behavioral assumptions are inconsistent with empirical data
and, more importantly, lead to overly optimistic predictions
about harvest gains from reserves. This paper adds another
layer of behavioral realism to the bioeconomics of marine
reserves by endogenizing fisher home port choices with a
partial adjustment share model. Estimated with Seemingly
Unrelated Regression over monthly data, this approach allows
simulation of both short- And long-run behavioral response
to changes induced by marine reserve formation. The findings
cast further doubt on the notion that marine reserves
generate long-run harvest benefits.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.19.1.42629420},
Key = {fds267497}
}
@article{fds267498,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fishing Yield, Curvature, and Spatial Behavior: Implications
for Modeling Marine Reserves},
Journal = {Natural Resource Modeling},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-298},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/fishing_yield_smith_nrm_final.pdf},
Abstract = {Given a paucity of empirical data, policymakers are forced
to rely on modeling to assess potential impacts of creating
marine reserves to manage fisheries. Many modeling studies
of reserves conclude that fishing yield will increase (or
decrease only modestly) after creating a reserve in a
heavily exploited fishery. However, much of the marine
reserves modeling ignores the spatial heterogeneity of
fishing behavior. Contrary to empirical findings in
fisheries science and economics, most models assume
explicitly or implicitly that fishing effort is distributed
uniformly over space. This paper demonstrates that by
ignoring this heterogeneity, yield-per-recruit models
systematically overstate the yield gains (or understate the
losses) from creating a reserve in a heavily exploited
fishery. Conversely, at very low levels of exploitation,
models that ignore heterogeneous fishing effort overstate
the fishing yield losses from creating a reserve. Starting
with a standard yield-per-recruit model, the paper derives a
yield surface that maps spatially differentiated fishing
effort into total long-run fishing yield. It is the
curvature of this surface that accounts for why the spatial
distribution of fishing effort so greatly affects predicted
changes from forming a reserve. The results apply generally
to any model in which the long-run fishing yield has similar
curvature to a two-patch Beverton-Holt model. A simulation
of marine reserve formation in the California red sea urchin
fishery with Beverton-Holt recruitment, eleven patches, and
common larval pool dispersal dynamics reinforces these
results. © 2004 Rocky Mountain Mathematics
Consortium.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1939-7445.2004.tb00137.x},
Key = {fds267498}
}
@article{fds267499,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Limited Entry Licensing: Insights from a Duration
Model},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {86},
Number = {3},
Pages = {605-618},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/limited_entry_ajae_604%5B601-614%5D.pdf},
Abstract = {Limited entry is used to manage many fisheries.
Effectiveness depends on a program's ability to control
aggregate fishing power, which fleet size and composition
both affect. This article analyzes fleet composition and
attrition in a limited-entry fishery, the California red sea
urchin fishery. It explores the dynamics of heterogeneity in
catch and revenue and applies duration analysis to study
individual fisherman attrition using both individual-level
and time-varying covariates. The results show that the fleet
is becoming more homogenous but also more potent and
spatially mobile. Regulations such as size limits and season
restrictions tend to increase attrition. Copyright 2004
American Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0002-9092.2004.00604.x},
Key = {fds267499}
}
@article{fds267458,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {The economics of conserving wildlife and natural
areas},
Journal = {AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE
ECONOMICS},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {418-420},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBL LTD},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1364-985X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000186092600009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds267458}
}
@article{fds49801,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of The Economics of Conserving Wildlife and Natural
Areas (by C. Tisdell),},
Journal = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource
Economics},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {418-420},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds49801}
}
@article{fds267496,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Economic Impacts of Marine Reserves: The Importance of
Spatial Behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {183-206},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smithwilen_jeem_pub.pdf},
Abstract = {Marine biologists have shown virtually unqualified support
for managing fisheries with marine reserves, signifying a
new resource management paradigm that recognizes the
importance of spatial processes in exploited systems. Most
modeling of reserves employs simplifying assumptions about
the behavior of fishermen in response to spatial closures.
We show that a realistic depiction of fishermen behavior
dramatically alters the conclusions about reserves. We
develop, estimate, and calibrate an integrated bioeconomic
model of the sea urchin fishery in northern California and
use it to simulate reserve policies. Our behavioral model
shows how economic incentives determine both participation
and location choices of fishermen. We compare simulations
with behavioral response to biological modeling that
presumes that effort is spatially uniform and unresponsive
to economic incentives. We demonstrate that optimistic
conclusions about reserves may be an artifact of simplifying
assumptions that ignore economic behavior. © 2003 Elsevier
Science (USA). All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00024-X},
Key = {fds267496}
}
@article{fds267495,
Author = {Wilen, JE and Smith, MD and Lockwood, D and Botsford,
LW},
Title = {Avoiding surprises: Incorporating fisherman behavior into
management models},
Journal = {Bulletin of Marine Science},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {553-575},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {All fisheries-management models incorporate simplifying
assumptions about ecological and oceanographic mechanisms
that are fundamentally uncertain or stochastic, but
exploited fisheries are also subject to equally important
uncertainties associated with fisherman behavior. Fishermen
make decisions ranging from long-term entry/exit decisions
to daily or even hourly decisions about where and how to
fish. These decisions are influenced by regulations,
technology, weather, and expectations about prices, costs,
and abundance. They ultimately determine the spatial and
temporal pattern of mortality in an exploited fishery.
Although biologists have tried to incorporate fisherman
behavior into management models, much of the work is ad hoc,
whereas economics has a rich tradition of both conceptual
and empirical behavioral modeling. This paper is an attempt
to demonstrate the potential usefulness of economics-based
behavioral modeling, with data collected for biological
management. A model of participation and spatial choice is
constructed, and the economic model is linked to a
biological model of metapopulation dynamics and used to
forecast the implications of management measures that might
be applied to the red sea urchin fishery in California. The
results show that modeling spatial behavior strongly affects
the predicted outcomes of management policies even if the
policies are not spatial in character.},
Key = {fds267495}
}
@article{fds267464,
Author = {Klonsky, K and Smith, MD},
Title = {Entry and exit in California's organic farming
sector},
Journal = {Advances in the Economics of Environmental
Resources},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {139-165},
Booktitle = {Economics of Pesticides, Sustainable Food Production and
Organic Food Markets, Advances in the Economics of
Environmental Resources},
Publisher = {New York: Elsevier Science},
Editor = {D.C. Hall and L.J. Moffitt},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1569-3740},
Abstract = {In California, organic acreage increased by 60% and sales of
organic commodities increased by 110% between 1992 and 1997.
The rate of growth in the organic industry does not reveal
the dynamic nature of California's organic agriculture. In
this chapter, we explore the characteristics of farmers
entering and exiting the organic market in California. In so
doing, our analysis provides insight into the impact of
policy and growth on the future composition of the organic
industry. © 2002.},
Key = {fds267464}
}
@article{fds267493,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {The Marine Environment: Fencing the Last
Frontier},
Journal = {Review of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-42},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds267493}
}
@article{fds267494,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Two Econometric Approaches for Predicting the Spatial
Behavior of Renewable Resource Harvesters},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {522-538},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146851},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes spatial patterns of exploitation in the
California sea urchin fishery using two different
econometric approaches: a combined count data and SUR model
of monthly observations and a micro-level Nested Logit model
of individual harvester daily decisions. Each model is used
to simulate the spatial distribution of fishing effort. The
models are compared using goodness of fit measures and
implications for management are discussed.},
Doi = {10.2307/3146851},
Key = {fds267494}
}
@article{fds69148,
Author = {J.D. Kaplan and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Optimal Fisheries Management in the Presence of an
Endangered Predator and Harvestable Prey},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the10th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/msmith_jkaplan_predprey.pdf},
Key = {fds69148}
}
@article{fds267502,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Breeding Incentives and the Demand for California
Thoroughbred Racing: Is there a Quality/Quantity
Tradeoff?},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1755-1762},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840010019675},
Abstract = {Both quantity of horses and quality stimulate demand for
horse race gambling. This paper addresses the potential for
a quantity/quality tradeoff due to breeding incentives for
California thoroughbreds. Econometric analysis is used to
assess the demand for quality and quantity of horses, and
results suggest the likely net benefit of breeding
incentives on the industry at large.},
Doi = {10.1080/00036840010019675},
Key = {fds267502}
}
@article{fds267501,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Spatial search and fishing location choice: Methodological
challenges of empirical modeling},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1198-1206},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9092},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00120},
Abstract = {Discrete choice modeling of fishing location tries to
resolve simultaneously behavioral responses to information,
what this information is, and the way that the information
is gathered and processed. Without observing the process
itself, the modeler really only sees choices and revenue (or
catch) histories. We cannot separate how these histories are
combined into measures of profitability and how these
measures affect choice. This paper discussed two
fundamentally different attempts to resolve questions about
information. The author concludes that structural attempts
are essentially intractable in every setting, and
reduced-form methods are by nature ad hoc. Nevertheless,
some hope lies in reduced-form methods. A conclusion of the
first section is that even ad hoc approaches to information
processing should account for sampling variance in addition
to variance of the underlying stochastic process. Of the
methods discussed, the Bayesian approach with a realistic
probability model seems most compelling but is also the most
difficult to implement. In contrast, it is much less clear
how best to model the decay of information.},
Doi = {10.1111/0002-9092.00120},
Key = {fds267501}
}
%% Suarez Serrato, Juan Carlos
@article{fds343256,
Author = {Suarez Serrato and JC and Chen, Z and Liu, Z and Xu,
DY},
Title = {Notching R&D Investment with Corporate Income Tax Cuts in
China},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We analyze the effects of a large fiscal incentive for R&D
investment in China that awards a lower average corporate
income tax rate to qualifying firms. The sharp incentives of
the program generate notches, or jumps, in firm values, and
vary over time and across firm characteristics. We exploit a
novel link between survey and administrative tax data of
Chinese firms to estimate investment responses, the
potential for evasion, as well as effects on productivity
and tax payments. We find large responses of reported R&D
using a cross-sectional “bunching” estimators that is
new in the R&D literature. We also find evidence that firms
relabel administrative expenses as R&D to qualify for the
program. We estimate an intent-to-treat effect of the policy
on R&D investment of 18.8%, and find that 45% of this
response is due to evasion. These effects imply
user-cost-elasticities of 2 for the reported response, and
1.14 for the real response. We utilize the panel structure
of the data to estimate the effect of the program on firm
productivity, and find an increase of 1.6% for targeted
firms. These estimates are crucial ingredients for designing
policies that trade-off corporate tax revenue with future
productivity growth.},
Key = {fds343256}
}
@article{fds325943,
Author = {Wang, XY and Suarez Serrato and JC and Zhang, S},
Title = {The Limits of Meritocracy: Screening Bureaucrats Under
Imperfect Verifiability},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325943}
}
@article{fds325944,
Author = {Suárez Serrato and JC and Zidar, O},
Title = {Who Benefits from State Corporate Tax Cuts? A Local Labor
Markets Approach with Heterogeneous Firms},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2582-2624},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20141702},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This paper estimates the incidence of state
corporate taxes on the welfare of workers, landowners, and
firm owners using variation in state corporate tax rates and
apportionment rules. We develop a spatial equilibrium model
with imperfectly mobile firms and workers. Firm owners may
earn profits and be inframarginal in their location choices
due to differences in location-specific productivities. We
use the reduced-form effects of tax changes to identify and
estimate incidence as well as the structural parameters
governing these impacts. In contrast to standard open
economy models, firm owners bear roughly 40 percent of the
incidence, while workers and landowners bear 30–35 percent
and 25–30 percent, respectively. (JEL H22, H25, H32, H71,
R23, R51)</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20141702},
Key = {fds325944}
}
@article{fds325945,
Author = {Suarez Serrato and JC and Wingender, P},
Title = {Estimating Local Fiscal Multipliers},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22425},
Doi = {10.3386/w22425},
Key = {fds325945}
}
@article{fds325946,
Author = {Suarez Serrato and JC and Fajgelbaum, P and Morales, E and Zidar,
O},
Title = {State Taxes and Spatial Misallocation},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21760},
Abstract = {We study state taxes as a potential source of spatial
misallocation in the United States. We build a spatial
general-equilibrium framework that incorporates salient
features of the U.S. state tax system, and use changes in
state tax rates between 1980 and 2010 to estimate the model
parameters that determine how worker and firm location
responds to changes in state taxes. We find that tax
dispersion leads to aggregate losses and the potential
losses from even greater tax dispersion can be large. A
government-spending-constant elimination of spatial
dispersion in state taxes (which account for 4% of GDP)
would increase worker welfare by 0.2%, while doubling
spatial tax dispersion would reduce worker welfare by
0.4%.},
Doi = {10.3386/w21760},
Key = {fds325946}
}
@article{fds325947,
Author = {Suarez Serrato and JC and Gibbons, C and Urbancic,
M},
Title = {Broken or Fixed Effects?},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20342},
Abstract = {We replicate eight influential papers to provide empirical
evidence that, in the presence of heterogeneous treatment
effects, OLS with fixed effects (FE) is generally not a
consistent estimator of the average treatment effect (ATE).
We propose two alternative estimators that recover the ATE
in the presence of group-specific heterogeneity. We document
that heterogeneous treatment effects are common and the ATE
is often statistically and economically different from the
FE estimate. In all but one of our replications, there is
statistically significant treatment effect heterogeneity
and, in six, the ATEs are either economically or
statistically different from the FE estimates.},
Doi = {10.3386/w20342},
Key = {fds325947}
}
%% Sweeting, Andrew T
@article{fds184621,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting and J. W. Roberts},
Title = {When Should Sellers Use Auctions?},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
Keywords = {Auctions, Entry, Unobserved Heterogeneity, Mechanism Design,
Selection},
Abstract = {Based on the advice of economists, firms and government
agencies frequently use simultaneous sealed bid or open
outcry auctions to sell goods or procure services. We
compare the performance of simultaneous entry second price
auctions with an alternative sequential entry and bidding
mechanism in an environment with independent private values
and potentially asymmetric buyers receive partially
informative signals about their values prior to taking a
costly entry decision. The signals result in a selective
entry process where bidders with higher values are more
likely to enter. In a setting with low entry costs and no
selective entry, Bulow and Klemperer (2009) show that a
seller's expected revenues are almost always higher using
auctions. Using standard equilibrium refinements to find a
unique equilibrium of the sequential mechanism, we find that
sellers should generally prefer the sequential mechanism and
that the differences in expected revenues can be large. We
illustrate our findings with parameters estimated from
simultaneous entry, open outcry US Forest Service timber
auctions in California. We predict that using the sequential
mechanism would raise the USFS's revenues by between 3% and
37% depending on the details of the sale, which is many
times larger than the gain to setting an optimal reserve
price within the standard auction.},
Key = {fds184621}
}
@article{fds184619,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {The Effects of Mergers on Product Positioning: Evidence from
the Music Radio Industry},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {372-97},
Year = {2010},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds184619}
}
@article{fds184622,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting and J. W. Roberts},
Title = {Entry and Selection in Auctions},
Year = {2010},
Keywords = {Auctions Entry Models Selection},
Abstract = {We develop and estimate an entry model for second price and
open outcry independent pri- vate value auctions where
potential bidders receive an imperfectly informative signal
about their value prior to deciding whether to pay a sunk
entry cost. In this way the model flexibly allows for
selection on values, which will aff ect an entrant's
subsequent competitiveness, at the entry stage. As signals
become more informative, the entry process exhibits greater
selection as fi rms with higher values are more likely to
enter. We allow for asymmetries across bidders and
unobserved heterogeneity across auctions, which are
important features of most data sets. We show how
incorrectly assuming the extremes of either no selection (no
signal) or perfect selection (prior knowledge of one's
value) - the common alternatives in the literature - can
yield incorrect estimates of model primitives and bias the
results from counterfactuals. We apply our model to U.S.
Forest Service timber auctions and find strong evidence in
favor of a selective entry process. We take advantage of the
flexible entry model to reevaluate the well known theory
result that with fi xed participation a seller prefers an
extra bidder over the ability to set an optimal reserve
price. While the amount of selection in the entry process
makes this comparison ambiguous, using our structural
estimates we find that the USFS should willingly forgo its
ability to set an optimal reserve price in favor of
attracting one more potential entrant.},
Key = {fds184622}
}
@article{fds166663,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {The Timing of Radio Commercials: An Empirical Analysis Using
Multiple Equilibria},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {710-742},
Year = {2009},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds166663}
}
@article{fds166664,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {Price Dynamics in Perishable Goods Markets: The Case of
Secondary Markets for Major League Baseball
Tickets},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds166664}
}
@article{fds71012,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {Market Power in the England and Wales Wholesale Electricity
Market},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {117},
Number = {520},
Pages = {654-685},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds71012}
}
@article{fds71014,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {Dynamic Product Repositioning in Differentiated Product
Industries: The Case of Format},
Journal = {revise and resubmit, Econometrica},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds71014}
}
@article{fds71011,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {Coordination, Differentiation and the Timing of Radio
Commercials},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {909-942},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds71011}
}
@article{fds71016,
Author = {A.T. Sweeting},
Title = {The Wholesale Market for Electricity in England and Wales:
Recent Developments and Future Reforms},
Journal = {available as MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy
Research WP 2000-07},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds71016}
}
%% Swinton, Omari H.
@article{fds50015,
Author = {Omari H. Swinton},
Title = {An "A" for Effort: Should College Dropouts Try
Harder?},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {Recent decades have seen a steady increase in college
enrollment rates, which has not been accompanied by a
corresponding increase in graduation rates. If this
discrepancy is at least partly due to insufficient
“effort” exerted by students, policies that aim at
rewarding effort explicitly may succeed at increasing
graduation rates. This paper uses a unique and rich
administrative data set to analyze the impact of the
introduction of a new grading policy on performance and
retention rates at Benedict College, a Historically Black
College in Columbia, South Carolina. According to the new
grading policy, grades for freshmen and sophomore courses
are determined in part by performance on tests and in part
by measures of “effort” such as attendance and class
participation. The policy was intended to inspire a sense of
discipline in students’ attitudes towards academic work,
in the hope of improving learning and graduation rates.
However, the data show that the introduction of the new
grading policy was actually followed by an increase in
dropout rates, disproportionately due to students with
pre-college GPAs above the mean. This paper describes a
simple theoretical model that illustrates how this observed
change can be a result of the interaction between the
increased disutility caused by the larger effort required by
the new policy, and the uncertainly that relates effort to
knowledge grade, an uncertainly that only disappears after
the final grades are assigned. Overall, students with lower
SAT composite scores and lower high school GPAs respond
better to incentivized effort than students with higher SAT
composite scores and higher high school GPAs.},
Key = {fds50015}
}
@article{fds47872,
Author = {Omari H. Swinton},
Title = {The Effects of Effort Grading on Learning},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {In the Fall of 2004, Benedict College—a Historically Black
College in Columbia (SC)–began enforcing a new grading
policy called Success Equals Effort. Under this new policy,
students taking freshman and sophomore level courses are
assigned grades that explicitly reward not only content
learning (“knowledge” grade) but also measures of effort
(“effort” grade). This paper examines the effects of
effort grading through two stage least squares and fixed
effect estimates. I find evidence of a strong positive
correlation of “effort” grade and the “knowledge”
grade. Under some restrictions this relationship can be
interpreted as “effort” producing “knowledge”.},
Key = {fds47872}
}
@article{fds47873,
Author = {Omari H. Swinton},
Title = {Grading for Effort: The Success Equals Effort Policy at
Benedict College},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {In the Fall of 2004, Benedict College—a Historically Black
College in Columbia (SC)–began enforcing a new grading
policy called Success Equals Effort. Under this new policy,
students taking freshman and sophomore level courses are
assigned grades that explicitly reward not only content
learning (“knowledge” grade) but also measures of effort
(“effort” grade). This paper describes the details of
the policy and the reasons for its adoption, and attempts a
first evaluation of the impact of the grading policy thus
far.},
Key = {fds47873}
}
@article{fds47874,
Author = {Peter Arcidiacono and Alvin Murphy and Omari H.
Swinton},
Title = {Explaining Cross-Racial Differences in Teenage Labor Force
Participation: Results from a General Equilibrium Search
Model},
Year = {2006},
Abstract = {White teenagers are substantially more likely to search for
employment than their black counterparts. This occurs
despite the fact that conditional on race individuals who
come from poorer families are more likely to search and
black teenagers come from poorer families. While differences
in wages between white and black teenagers are small, the
unemployment rate for black teenagers is over twice that of
white teenagers. We develop a general equilibrium search
model where firms are partially able to target their search
based upon demographics. Differences in the labor market
explain half of the gap in the search rates between black
and white teenagers. Removing search targeting substantially
closes the gap between black and white unemployment
rates.},
Key = {fds47874}
}
%% Tarozzi, Alessandro
@article{fds184336,
Author = {Irene Brambilla and Guido Porto and Alessandro
Tarozzi},
Title = {Adjusting to Trade Policy: Evidence from U.S. Antidumping
Duties on Vietnamese Catfish},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184336}
}
@article{fds184340,
Author = {Lori Bennear and Alessandro Tarozzi and H B Soumya and Alex Pfaff and Ahmed Kazi Matin and Lex van Geen},
Title = {Bright Lines, Risk Beliefs, and Risk Avoidance: Evidence
from a Randomized Experiment in Bangladesh},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184340}
}
@misc{fds184339,
Author = {Patricia Foo and Alessandro Tarozzi and Aprajit Mahajan and Joanne
Yoong, Lakshmi Krishnan and Danel Kopf and Brian
Blackburn},
Title = {Lymphatic Filariasis in Orissa, India: Expanded Endemic
Range and A Call to Re-evaluate Targeting of Mass Drug
Administration Programs},
Journal = {Accepted for Publication at Transactions of the Royal
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184339}
}
@article{fds184341,
Author = {Alessandro Tarozzi and Aprajit Mahajan and Brian Blackburn and Dan
Kopf, Lakshmi Krishnan and Joanne Yoong.},
Title = {Micro-loans, bednets and malaria: Evidence from a randomized
controlled trial in Orissa (India)},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184341}
}
@article{fds184342,
Author = {Aprajit Mahajan and Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Time Inconsistency, Expectations and Technology Adoption:
The case of Insecticide Treated Nets},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184342}
}
@article{fds184343,
Author = {Aprajit Mahajan and Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Bednets, Information and Malaria in Orissa},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184343}
}
@article{fds184337,
Author = {A. Tarozzi and A. Deaton},
Title = {Using Census and Survey Data to Estimate Poverty and
Inequality for Small Areas},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {4},
Pages = {773-792},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds184337}
}
@misc{fds152887,
Author = {Alessandro Tarozzi and Aprajit Mahajan and Joanne Yoong and Brian
Blackburn},
Title = {Commitment Mechanisms and Compliance with Health-protecting
Behavior: Preliminary Evidence from Orissa
(India)},
Journal = {American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings},
Volume = {99},
Number = {2},
Pages = {231-235},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds152887}
}
@article{fds161758,
Author = {A. Tarozzi},
Title = {Growth Reference Charts and the Nutritional Status of Indian
Children},
Journal = {Economics and Human Biology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {455-468},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~taroz/Tarozzi},
Key = {fds161758}
}
@article{fds161759,
Author = {Alessandro Tarozzi and Aprajit Mahajan},
Title = {Child Nutrition in India in the Nineties},
Journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {441-486},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~taroz/TarozziMahajan06.pdf},
Keywords = {Child Nutrition, India, Child Anthropometry},
Abstract = {India experienced several years of fast economic growth
during the 1990s, and according to many observers this
period also saw a considerable decline in poverty,
especially in urban areas. We use data from two rounds of
the National Family and Health Survey to evaluate changes in
nutritional status between 1992-93 and 1998-99 among
children of age 0 to 3. We find that measures of short-term
nutritional status based on weight given height show large
improvements, especially in urban areas. Height-forage, an
indicator of long-term nutritional status, also shows
improvements, but limited to urban areas. However, we also
document that the changes in nutritional status were much
more favorable for boys than for girls. The gender
differences in the changes over time appear to be driven by
states in North India, where the existence of widespread son
preference has been documented by an immense body of
research.},
Key = {fds161759}
}
@article{fds161760,
Author = {Xiaohong Chen and Han Hong and Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Semiparametric Efficiency in GMM Models with Auxiliary
Data},
Journal = {Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {808-843},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~taroz/ChenHongTarozziannaledition.pdf},
Key = {fds161760}
}
@article{fds161761,
Author = {Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Calculating Comparable Statistics from Incomparable Surveys,
with an Application to Poverty in India},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {314-336},
Year = {2007},
Keywords = {Poverty, Inequality, India, Method of Moments, Survey
Methods.},
Abstract = {Applied economists are often interested in studying trends
in important economic indicators, such as inequality or
poverty, but comparisons over time can be made impossible by
changes in data collection methodology. We describe an
easily implemented procedure, based on inverse probability
weighting, that allows to recover comparability of estimated
parameters identified implicitly by a moment condition. The
validity of the procedure requires the existence of a set of
auxiliary variables whose reports are not affected by the
different survey design, and whose relation with the main
variable of interest is stable over time. We analyze the
asymptotic properties of the estimator taking into account
the presence of clustering, stratification and sampling
weights which characterize most household surveys. The main
empirical motivation of the paper is provided by a recent
controversy on the extent of poverty reduction in India in
the 1990s. Due to important changes in the expenditure
questionnaire adopted for data collection in the 1999-2000
round of the Indian National Sample Survey, the resulting
poverty numbers are likely to understate poverty relative to
the previous rounds. We use previous waves of the same
survey to provide evidence supporting the plausibility of
the identifying assumptions and conclude that most, but not
all, of the very large reduction in poverty implied by the
official figures appears to be real, and not a statistical
artifact.},
Key = {fds161761}
}
@article{fds161763,
Author = {Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {The Indian Public Distribution System as Provider of Food
Security: Evidence from Child Anthropometry in Andhra
Pradesh},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {49},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1305-1330},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {We study whether a sudden increase of the price of rice
supplied by the Indian Public Distribution System in Andhra
Pradesh, a large Indian state, had a negative impact on
child nutrition. A few months after the price increase, a
health survey started to record weight for a large sample of
children. The data collection continued for several months,
so that children measured later lived for a longer period of
time in a less favorable price regime. Using different
estimation techniques we find that longer exposure to high
prices are not accompanied by worse nutritional status, as
measured by weight-for-age.},
Key = {fds161763}
}
@misc{fds30338,
Author = {Angus Deaton and Alessandro Tarozzi},
Title = {Prices and Poverty in India},
Booktitle = {Data and Dogma: The Great Indian Poverty
Debate},
Publisher = {Macmillan (New Delhi)},
Editor = {Angus Deaton and Valerie Kozel},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds30338}
}
%% Tauchen, George E.
@article{fds359881,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {New directions in nonlinear structural estimation: Bayes and
Frequentist},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {228},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.10.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.10.003},
Key = {fds359881}
}
@article{fds353830,
Author = {Zhang, C and Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Variation and efficiency of high-frequency
betas},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {228},
Number = {1},
Pages = {156-175},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.022},
Abstract = {This paper studies the efficient estimation of betas from
high-frequency return data on a fixed time interval. Under
an assumption of equal diffusive and jump betas, we derive
the semiparametric efficiency bound for estimating the
common beta and develop an adaptive estimator that attains
the efficiency bound. We further propose a Hausman type test
for deciding whether the common beta assumption is true from
the high-frequency data. In our empirical analysis we
provide examples of stocks and time periods for which a
common market beta assumption appears true and ones for
which this is not the case. We further quantify empirically
the gains from the efficient common beta estimation
developed in the paper.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.05.022},
Key = {fds353830}
}
@article{fds372254,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Cash Flows Discounted Using a Model-Free SDF Extracted under
a Yield Curve Prior},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Financial Management},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14030100},
Abstract = {We developed a model-free Bayesian extraction procedure for
the stochastic discount factor under a yield curve prior.
Previous methods in the literature directly or indirectly
use some particular parametric asset-pricing models such as
with long-run risks or habits as the prior. Here, in
contrast, we used no such model, but rather, we adopted a
prior that enforces external information about the
historically very low levels of U.S. short- and long-term
interest rates. For clarity and simplicity, our data were
annual time series. We used the extracted stochastic
discount factor to determine the stripped cash flow risk
premiums on a panel of industrial profits and consumption.
Interestingly, the results align very closely with recent
limited information (bounded rationality) models of the term
structure of equity risk premiums, although nowhere did we
use any theory on the discount factor other than its implied
moment restrictions.},
Doi = {10.3390/jrfm14030100},
Key = {fds372254}
}
@article{fds343332,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Jump factor models in large cross-sections},
Journal = {Quantitative Economics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {419-456},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE1060},
Abstract = {We develop tests for deciding whether a large cross-section
of asset prices obey an exact factor structure at the times
of factor jumps. Such jump dependence is implied by standard
linear factor models. Our inference is based on a panel of
asset returns with asymptotically increasing cross-sectional
dimension and sampling frequency, and essentially no
restriction on the relative magnitude of these two
dimensions of the panel. The test is formed from the
high-frequency returns at the times when the risk factors
are detected to have a jump. The test statistic is a
cross-sectional average of a measure of discrepancy in the
estimated jump factor loadings of the assets at consecutive
jump times. Under the null hypothesis, the discrepancy in
the factor loadings is due to a measurement error, which
shrinks with the increase of the sampling frequency, while
under an alternative of a noisy jump factor model this
discrepancy contains also nonvanishing firm-specific shocks.
The limit behavior of the test under the null hypothesis is
nonstandard and reflects the strong-dependence in the
cross-section of returns as well as their heteroskedasticity
which is left unspecified. We further develop estimators for
assessing the magnitude of firm-specific risk in asset
prices at the factor jump events. Empirical application to
S&P 100 stocks provides evidence for exact one-factor
structure at times of big market-wide jump
events.},
Doi = {10.3982/QE1060},
Key = {fds343332}
}
@article{fds329309,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Lin, H},
Title = {Rank Tests at Jump Events},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {312-321},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2017.1328362},
Abstract = {We propose a test for the rank of a cross-section of
processes at a set of jump events. The jump events are
either specific known times or are random and associated
with jumps of some process. The test is formed from
discretely sampled data on a fixed time interval with
asymptotically shrinking mesh. In the first step, we form
nonparametric estimates of the jump events via thresholding
techniques. We then compute the eigenvalues of the outer
product of the cross-section of increments at the identified
jump events. The test for rank r is based on the asymptotic
behavior of the sum of the squared eigenvalues excluding the
largest r. A simple resampling method is proposed for
feasible testing. The test is applied to financial data
spanning the period 2007–2015 at the times of stock market
jumps. We find support for a one-factor model of both
industry portfolio and Dow 30 stock returns at market jump
times. This stands in contrast with earlier evidence for
higher-dimensional factor structure of stock returns during
“normal” (nonjump) times. We identify the latent factor
driving the stocks and portfolios as the size of the market
jump.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.2017.1328362},
Key = {fds329309}
}
@article{fds336355,
Author = {Ronald Gallant and A and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Exact Bayesian moment based inference for the distribution
of the small-time movements of an Itô semimartingale},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {205},
Number = {1},
Pages = {140-155},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.03.008},
Abstract = {We modify the Gallant and Tauchen (1996) efficient method of
moments (EMM) method to perform exact Bayesian inference,
where exact means no reliance on asymptotic approximations.
We use this modification to evaluate the empirical
plausibility of recent predictions from high frequency
financial theory regarding the small-time movements of an
Itô semimartingale. The theory indicates that the
probability distribution of the small moves should be
locally stable around the origin. It makes no predictions
regarding large rare jumps, which get filtered out. Our
exact Bayesian procedure imposes support conditions on
parameters as implied by this theory. The empirical
application uses S&P Index options extending over a wide
range of moneyness, including deep out of the money puts.
The evidence is consistent with a locally stable
distribution valid over most of the support of the observed
data while mildly failing in the extreme tails, about which
the theory makes no prediction. We undertake diagnostic
checks on all aspects of the procedure. In particular, we
evaluate the distributional assumptions regarding a
semi-pivotal statistic, and we test by Monte Carlo that the
posterior distribution is properly centered with short
credibility intervals. Taken together, our results suggest a
more important role than previously thought for pure
jump-like models with diminished, if not absent, diffusive
component.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.03.008},
Key = {fds336355}
}
@article{fds329308,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Chen, R},
Title = {Mixed-scale jump regressions with bootstrap
inference},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {201},
Number = {2},
Pages = {417-432},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.08.017},
Abstract = {We develop an efficient mixed-scale estimator for jump
regressions using high-frequency asset returns. A fine time
scale is used to accurately identify the locations of large
rare jumps in the explanatory variables such as the price of
the market portfolio. A coarse scale is then used in the
estimation in order to attenuate the effect of trading
frictions in the dependent variable such as the prices of
potentially less liquid assets. The proposed estimator has a
non-standard asymptotic distribution that cannot be made
asymptotically pivotal via studentization. We propose a
novel bootstrap procedure for feasible inference and justify
its asymptotic validity. We show that the bootstrap provides
an automatic higher-order asymptotic approximation by
accounting for the sampling variation in estimates of
nuisance quantities that are used in efficient estimation.
The Monte Carlo analysis indicates good finite-sample
performance of the general specification test and confidence
intervals based on the bootstrap. We apply the method to a
high-frequency panel of Dow stock prices together with the
market index defined by the S&P 500 index futures over the
period 2007–2014. We document remarkable temporal
stability in the way that stocks react to market jumps.
However, this relationship for many of the stocks in the
sample is significantly noisier and more unstable during
sector-specific jump events.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.08.017},
Key = {fds329308}
}
@article{fds326825,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Adaptive estimation of continuous-time regression models
using high-frequency data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {200},
Number = {1},
Pages = {36-47},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.01.010},
Abstract = {We derive the asymptotic efficiency bound for regular
estimates of the slope coefficient in a linear
continuous-time regression model for the continuous
martingale parts of two Itô semimartingales observed on a
fixed time interval with asymptotically shrinking mesh of
the observation grid. We further construct an estimator from
high-frequency data that achieves this efficiency bound and,
indeed, is adaptive to the presence of infinite-dimensional
nuisance components. The estimator is formed by taking
optimal weighted average of local nonparametric volatility
estimates that are constructed over blocks of high-frequency
observations. The asymptotic efficiency bound is derived
under a Markov assumption for the bivariate process while
the high-frequency estimator and its asymptotic properties
are derived in a general Itô semimartingale setting. To
study the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimator, we
introduce a general spatial localization procedure which
extends known results on the estimation of integrated
volatility functionals to more general classes of functions
of volatility. Empirically relevant numerical examples
illustrate that the proposed efficient estimator provides
nontrivial improvement over alternatives in the extant
literature.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.01.010},
Key = {fds326825}
}
@article{fds303251,
Author = {Tauchen, GE},
Title = {Robust Jump Regressions},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {112},
Number = {517},
Pages = {332-341},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/11504 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We develop robust inference methods for studying linear
dependence between the jumps of discretely observed
processes at high frequency. Unlike classical linear
regressions, jump regressions are determined by a small
number of jumps occurring over a fixed time interval and the
rest of the components of the processes around the jump
times. The latter are the continuous martingale parts of the
processes as well as observation noise. By sampling more
frequently the role of these components, which are hidden in
the observed price, shrinks asymptotically. The robustness
of our inference procedure is with respect to outliers,
which are of particular importance in the current setting of
relatively small number of jump observations. This is
achieved by using nonsmooth loss functions (like L1) in the
estimation. Unlike classical robust methods, the limit of
the objective function here remains nonsmooth. The proposed
method is also robust to measurement error in the observed
processes, which is achieved by locally smoothing the
high-frequency increments. In an empirical application to
financial data, we illustrate the usefulness of the robust
techniques by contrasting the behavior of robust and
ordinary least regression (OLS)-type jump regressions in
periods including disruptions of the financial markets such
as so-called “flash crashes.” Supplementary materials
for this article are available online.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2016.1138866},
Key = {fds303251}
}
@article{fds323827,
Author = {Tauchen, GE and Li, J and Todorov, V},
Title = {Jump Regressions},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {Forthcoming},
Number = {1},
Pages = {173-195},
Publisher = {Econometric Society: Econometrica},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA12962},
Abstract = {We develop econometric tools for studying jump dependence of
two processes from high-frequency observations on a fixed
time interval. In this context, only segments of data around
a few outlying observations are informative for the
inference. We derive an asymptotically valid test for
stability of a linear jump relation over regions of the jump
size domain. The test has power against general forms of
nonlinearity in the jump dependence as well as temporal
instabilities. We further propose an efficient estimator for
the linear jump regression model that is formed by optimally
weighting the detected jumps with weights based on the
diffusive volatility around the jump times. We derive the
asymptotic limit of the estimator, a semiparametric lower
efficiency bound for the linear jump regression, and show
that our estimator attains the latter. The analysis covers
both deterministic and random jump arrivals. In an empirical
application, we use the developed inference techniques to
test the temporal stability of market jump
betas.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA12962},
Key = {fds323827}
}
@article{fds238928,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {ESTIMATING THE VOLATILITY OCCUPATION TIME VIA REGULARIZED
LAPLACE INVERSION},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {32},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1253-1288},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0266-4666},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266466615000171},
Abstract = {We propose a consistent functional estimator for the
occupation time of the spot variance of an asset price
observed at discrete times on a finite interval with the
mesh of the observation grid shrinking to zero. The asset
price is modeled nonparametrically as a continuous-time Itô
semimartingale with nonvanishing diffusion coefficient. The
estimation procedure contains two steps. In the first step
we estimate the Laplace transform of the volatility
occupation time and, in the second step, we conduct a
regularized Laplace inversion. Monte Carlo evidence suggests
that the proposed estimator has good small-sample
performance and in particular it is far better at estimating
lower volatility quantiles and the volatility median than a
direct estimator formed from the empirical cumulative
distribution function of local spot volatility estimates. An
empirical application shows the use of the developed
techniques for nonparametric analysis of variation of
volatility.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266466615000171},
Key = {fds238928}
}
@article{fds321973,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Inference theory for volatility functional
dependencies},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {193},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-34},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.004},
Abstract = {We develop inference theory for models involving possibly
nonlinear transforms of the elements of the spot covariance
matrix of a multivariate continuous-time process observed at
high frequency. The framework can be used to study the
relationship among the elements of the latent spot
covariance matrix and processes defined on the basis of it
such as systematic and idiosyncratic variances, factor betas
and correlations on a fixed interval of time. The estimation
is based on matching model-implied moment conditions under
the occupation measure induced by the spot covariance
process. We prove consistency and asymptotic mixed normality
of our estimator of the (random) coefficients in the
volatility model and further develop model specification
tests. We apply our inference methods to study variance and
correlation risks in nine sector portfolios comprising the
S&P 500 index. We document sector-specific variance risks in
addition to that of the market and time-varying
heterogeneous correlation risk among the market-neutral
components of the sector portfolio returns.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2016.01.004},
Key = {fds321973}
}
@article{fds322428,
Author = {Ghysels, E and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Introduction to: Reflections on the probability space
induced by moment conditions with implications for Bayesian
inference},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {227-228},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbv009},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbv009},
Key = {fds322428}
}
@article{fds320629,
Author = {Tauchen, GE and Davies, R},
Title = {Data-Driven Jump Detection Thresholds for Application in
Jump Regressions},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Volume = {6},
Number = {213},
Pages = {35 pages},
Publisher = {MDPI AG},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics6020016},
Abstract = {This paper develops a method to select the threshold in
threshold-based jump detection methods. The method is
motivated by an analysis of threshold-based jump detection
methods in the context of jump-diffusion models. We show
that over the range of sampling frequencies a researcher is
most likely to encounter that the usual in-fill asymptotics
provide a poor guide for selecting the jump threshold.
Because of this we develop a sample-based method. Our method
estimates the number of jumps over a grid of thresholds and
selects the optimal threshold at what we term the
“take-off” point in the estimated number of jumps. We
show that this method consistently estimates the jumps and
their indices as the sampling interval goes to zero. In
several Monte Carlo studies we evaluate the performance of
our method based on its ability to accurately locate jumps
and its ability to distinguish between true jumps and large
diffusive moves. In one of these Monte Carlo studies we
evaluate the performance of our method in a jump regression
context. Finally, we apply our method in two empirical
studies. In one we estimate the number of jumps and report
the jump threshold our method selects for three commonly
used market indices. In the other empirical application we
perform a series of jump regressions using our method to
select the jump threshold.},
Doi = {10.3390/econometrics6020016},
Key = {fds320629}
}
@article{fds238926,
Author = {Andersen, TG and Bondarenko, O and Todorov, V and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {The fine structure of equity-index option
dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {187},
Number = {2},
Pages = {532-546},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.037},
Abstract = {We analyze the high-frequency dynamics of S&P 500
equity-index option prices by constructing an assortment of
implied volatility measures. This allows us to infer the
underlying fine structure behind the innovations in the
latent state variables driving the evolution of the
volatility surface. In particular, we focus attention on
implied volatilities covering a wide range of moneyness
(strike/underlying stock price), which load differentially
on the different latent state variables. We conduct a
similar analysis for high-frequency observations on the VIX
volatility index as well as on futures written on it. We
find that the innovations over small time scales in the
risk-neutral intensity of the negative jumps in the S&P 500
index, which is the dominant component of the short-maturity
out-of-the-money put implied volatility dynamics, are best
described via non-Gaussian shocks, i.e., jumps. On the other
hand, the innovations over small time scales of the
diffusive volatility, which is the dominant component in the
short-maturity at-the-money option implied volatility
dynamics, are best modeled as Gaussian with occasional
jumps.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.02.037},
Key = {fds238926}
}
@article{fds238927,
Author = {Reiß, M and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Nonparametric test for a constant beta between Itô
semi-martingales based on high-frequency
data},
Journal = {Stochastic Processes and Their Applications},
Volume = {125},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2955-2988},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-4149},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spa.2015.02.008},
Abstract = {We derive a nonparametric test for constant beta over a
fixed time interval from high-frequency observations of a
bivariate Itô semimartingale. Beta is defined as the ratio
of the spot continuous covariation between an asset and a
risk factor and the spot continuous variation of the latter.
The test is based on the asymptotic behavior of the
covariation between the risk factor and an estimate of the
residual component of the asset, that is orthogonal (in
martingale sense) to the risk factor, over blocks with
asymptotically shrinking time span. Rate optimality of the
test over smoothness classes is derived.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.spa.2015.02.008},
Key = {fds238927}
}
@article{fds238929,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Limit theorems for the empirical distribution function of
scaled increments of itô semimartingales at high
frequencies},
Journal = {The Annals of Applied Probability},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1850-1888},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1050-5164},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP965},
Abstract = {We derive limit theorems for the empirical distribution
function of "devolatilized" increments of an Itô
semimartingale observed at high frequencies. These
"devolatilized" increments are formed by suitably rescaling
and truncating the raw increments to remove the effects of
stochastic volatility and "large" jumps. We derive the limit
of the empirical c.d.f. of the adjusted increments for any
Itô semimartingale whose dominant component at high
frequencies has activity index of 1<ß ≤ 2, where ß = 2
corresponds to diffusion. We further derive an associated
CLT in the jump-diffusion case. We use the developed limit
theory to construct a feasible and pivotal test for the
class of Itô semimartingales with nonvanishing diffusion
coefficient against Itô semimartingales with no diffusion
component. © Institute of Mathematical Statistics,
2014.},
Doi = {10.1214/13-AAP965},
Key = {fds238929}
}
@article{fds238930,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Grynkiv, I},
Title = {Volatility activity: Specification and estimation},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {178},
Number = {PART 1},
Pages = {180-193},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.08.015},
Abstract = {The paper examines volatility activity and its asymmetry and
undertakes further specification analysis of volatility
models based on it. We develop new nonparametric statistics
using high-frequency option-based VIX data to test for
asymmetry in volatility jumps. We also develop methods for
estimating and evaluating, using price data alone, a general
encompassing model for volatility dynamics where volatility
activity is unrestricted. The nonparametric application to
VIX data, along with model estimation for S&P index returns,
suggests that volatility moves are best captured by an
infinite variation pure-jump martingale with a symmetric
jump compensator around zero. The latter provides a
parsimonious generalization of the jump-diffusions commonly
used for volatility modeling.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.08.015},
Key = {fds238930}
}
@article{fds238931,
Author = {Li, J and Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility occupation times},
Journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1865-1891},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0090-5364},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1135},
Abstract = {We propose nonparametric estimators of the occupation
measure and the occupation density of the diffusion
coefficient (stochastic volatility) of a discretely observed
Itô semimartingale on a fixed interval when the mesh of the
observation grid shrinks to zero asymptotically. In a first
step we estimate the volatility locally over blocks of
shrinking length, and then in a second step we use these
estimates to construct a sample analogue of the volatility
occupation time and a kernel-based estimator of its density.
We prove the consistency of our estimators and further
derive bounds for their rates of convergence. We use these
results to estimate nonparametrically the quantiles
associated with the volatility occupation measure. ©
Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2013.},
Doi = {10.1214/13-AOS1135},
Key = {fds238931}
}
@misc{fds200971,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {SNP: A Program for Seminonparametric Estimation},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds200971}
}
@misc{fds200972,
Author = {G. Tauchen and A. R. Gallant},
Title = {EMM: A Program for Efficient Method of Moments},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/emm.htm},
Key = {fds200972}
}
@article{fds238934,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Realized laplace transforms for pure-jump
semimartingales},
Journal = {The Annals of Statistics},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1233-1262},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0090-5364},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOS1006},
Abstract = {We consider specification and inference for the stochastic
scale of discretely-observed pure-jump semimartingales with
locally stable Lévy densities in the setting where both the
time span of the data set increases, and the mesh of the
observation grid decreases. The estimation is based on
constructing a nonparametric estimate for the empirical
Laplace transform of the stochastic scale over a given
interval of time by aggregating high-frequency increments of
the observed process on that time interval into a statistic
we call realized Laplace transform. The realized Laplace
transform depends on the activity of the driving pure-jump
martingale, and we consider both cases when the latter is
known or has to be inferred from the data. © Institute of
Mathematical Statistics, 2012.},
Doi = {10.1214/12-AOS1006},
Key = {fds238934}
}
@article{fds238945,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Inverse realized laplace transforms for nonparametric
volatility density estimation in jump-diffusions},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {107},
Number = {498},
Pages = {622-635},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2012.682854},
Abstract = {This article develops a nonparametric estimator of the
stochastic volatility density of a discretely observed Itô
semimartingale in the setting of an increasing time span and
finer mesh of the observation grid. There are two basic
steps involved. The first step is aggregating the
high-frequency increments into the realized Laplace
transform, which is a robust nonparametric estimate of the
underlying volatility Laplace transform. The second step is
using a regularized kernel to invert the realized Laplace
transform. These two steps are relatively quick and easy to
compute, so the nonparametric estimator is practicable. The
article also derives bounds for the mean squared error of
the estimator. The regularity conditions are sufficiently
general to cover empirically important cases such as level
jumps and possible dependencies between volatility moves and
either diffusive or jump moves in the semimartingale.
TheMonte Carlo analysis in this study indicates that the
nonparametric estimator is reliable and reasonably accurate
in realistic estimation contexts. An empirical application
to 5-min data for three large-cap stocks, 1997-2010, reveals
the importance of big short-term volatility spikes in
generating high levels of stock price variability over and
above those induced by price jumps. The application also
shows how to trace out the dynamic response of the
volatility density to both positive and negative jumps in
the stock price. © 2012 American Statistical
Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.2012.682854},
Key = {fds238945}
}
@article{fds238952,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Stochastic Volatility in General Equilibrium},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Finance, Forthcoming},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Pages = {707-731},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2020 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The connections between stock market volatility and returns
are studied within the context of a general equilibrium
framework. The framework rules out a priori any purely
statistical relationship between volatility and returns by
imposing uncorrelated innovations. The main model generates
a two-factor structure for stock market volatility along
with time-varying risk premiums on consumption and
volatility risk. It also generates endogenously a dynamic
leverage effect (volatility asymmetry), the sign of which
depends upon the magnitudes of the risk aversion and the
intertemporal elasticity of substitution
parameters.},
Doi = {10.1142/S2010139211000237},
Key = {fds238952}
}
@article{fds238953,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Sizova, N and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility in equilibrium: Asymmetries and dynamic
dependencies},
Journal = {Review of Finance},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-80},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1572-3097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfr005},
Abstract = {Stock market volatility clusters in time, appears
fractionally integrated, carries a risk premium, and
exhibits asymmetric leverage effects. At the same time, the
volatility risk premium, defined by the difference between
the risk-neutral and objective expectations of the
volatility, features short memory. This paper develops the
first internally consistent equilibrium-based explanation
for all these empirical facts. Using newly available
high-frequency intraday data for the S&P 500 and the VIX
volatility index, the authors show that the qualitative
implications from the new theoretical continuous-time model
match remarkably well with the distinct shapes and patterns
in the sample autocorrelations and dynamic
cross-correlations actually observed in the data. © The
Authors 2011.},
Doi = {10.1093/rof/rfr005},
Key = {fds238953}
}
@article{fds238957,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Realized Laplace Transform of Volatility},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1105-1127},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA9133},
Abstract = {We introduce and derive the asymptotic behavior of a new
measure constructed from high-frequency data which we call
the realized Laplace transform of volatility. The statistic
provides a nonparametric estimate for the empirical Laplace
transform function of the latent stochastic volatility
process over a given interval of time and is robust to the
presence of jumps in the price process. With a long span of
data, that is, under joint long-span and infill asymptotics,
the statistic can be used to construct a nonparametric
estimate of the volatility Laplace transform as well as of
the integrated joint Laplace transform of volatility over
different points of time. We derive feasible functional
limit theorems for our statistic both under fixed-span and
infill asymptotics as well as under joint long-span and
infill asymptotics which allow us to quantify the precision
in estimation under both sampling schemes. © 2012 The
Econometric Society.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA9133},
Key = {fds238957}
}
@article{fds238944,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G and Grynkiv, I},
Title = {Realized Laplace transforms for estimation of jump diffusive
volatility models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {164},
Number = {2},
Pages = {367-381},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.016},
Abstract = {We develop an efficient and analytically tractable method
for estimation of parametric volatility models that is
robust to price-level jumps. The method entails first
integrating intra-day data into the Realized Laplace
Transform of volatility, which is a model-free estimate of
the daily integrated empirical Laplace transform of the
unobservable volatility. The estimation is then done by
matching moments of the integrated joint Laplace transform
with those implied by the parametric volatility model. In
the empirical application, the best fitting volatility model
is a non-diffusive two-factor model where low activity jumps
drive its persistent component and more active jumps drive
the transient one. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.06.016},
Key = {fds238944}
}
@article{fds238942,
Author = {Shaliastovich, I and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Pricing of the time-change risks},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {35},
Number = {6},
Pages = {843-858},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0165-1889},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2011.01.003},
Abstract = {We develop an equilibrium endowment economy with Epstein-Zin
recursive utility and a Lévy time-change subordinator,
which represents a clock that connects business and calendar
time. Our setup provides a tractable equilibrium framework
for pricing non-Gaussian jump-like risks induced by the
time-change, with closed-form solutions for asset prices.
Persistence of the time-change shocks leads to
predictability of consumption and dividends and
time-variation in asset prices and risk premia in calendar
time. In numerical calibrations, we show that the risk
compensation for Lévy risks accounts for about one-third of
the overall equity premium. © 2011 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jedc.2011.01.003},
Key = {fds238942}
}
@article{fds238954,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Zhou, H},
Title = {Realized jumps on financial markets and predicting credit
spreads},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {160},
Number = {1},
Pages = {102-118},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.023},
Abstract = {This paper extends the jump detection method based on
bipower variation to identify realized jumps on financial
markets and to estimate parametrically the jump intensity,
mean, and variance. Finite sample evidence suggests that the
jump parameters can be accurately estimated and that the
statistical inferences are reliable under the assumption
that jumps are rare and large. Applications to equity
market, treasury bond, and exchange rate data reveal
important differences in jump frequencies and volatilities
across asset classes over time. For investment grade bond
spread indices, the estimated jump volatility has more
forecasting power than interest rate factors and volatility
factors including option-implied volatility, with control
for systematic risk factors. The jump volatility risk factor
seems to capture the low frequency movements in credit
spreads and comoves countercyclically with the pricedividend
ratio and corporate default rate. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2010.03.023},
Key = {fds238954}
}
@article{fds200974,
Author = {G. Tauchen and T. Bolerslev and N. Sizova and D.
Osterrieder},
Title = {Risk and Return: Long-Run Relationships, Fractional
Cointegration, and Return Predictability},
Journal = {(submitted)},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds200974}
}
@article{fds196043,
Author = {G. Tauchen and V. Todorov},
Title = {Limit Theorems for Power Variations with Application to
Activity Estimation},
Journal = {Annals of Probability},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds196043}
}
@article{fds238943,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Limit theorems for power variations of pure-jump processes
with application to activity estimation},
Journal = {The Annals of Applied Probability},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {546-588},
Publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1050-5164},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AAP700},
Abstract = {This paper derives the asymptotic behavior of realized power
variation of pure-jump Itô semimartingales as the sampling
frequency within a fixed interval increases to infinity. We
prove convergence in probability and an associated central
limit theorem for the realized power variation as a function
of its power. We apply the limit theorems to propose an
efficient adaptive estimator for the activity of
discretely-sampled Itô semimartingale over a fixed
interval. © Institute of Mathematical Statistics,
2011.},
Doi = {10.1214/10-AAP700},
Key = {fds238943}
}
@article{fds238955,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility jumps},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {356-371},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08342},
Abstract = {The article undertakes a nonparametric analysis of the
high-frequency movements in stock market volatility using
very finely sampled data on the VIX volatility index
compiled from options data by the CBOE. We derive
theoretically the link between pathwise properties of the
latent spot volatility and the VIX index, such as presence
of continuous martingale and/or jumps, and further show how
to make statistical inference about them from the observed
data. Our empirical results suggest that volatility is a
pure jump process with jumps of infinite variation and
activity close to that of a continuous martingale.
Additional empirical work shows that jumps in volatility and
price level in most cases occur together, are strongly
dependent, and have opposite sign. The latter suggests that
jumps are an important channel for generating leverage
effect. © 2011 American Statistical Association Journal of
Business and Economic Statistics.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08342},
Key = {fds238955}
}
@article{fds238956,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Shaliastovich, I},
Title = {Pricing Time Deformation Risk, Volatility Risk, and Levy
Jump-Type Risk},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {35},
Number = {6},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/wpapers/bt.pdf},
Key = {fds238956}
}
@article{fds238932,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Simulated Score Methods and Indirect Inference for
Continuous-time Models},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {427-477},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Financial Econometrics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-50897-3.50011-0},
Abstract = {This chapter describes a simulated method of moments
estimator that is implemented by choosing the vector valued
moment function to be the expectation under the structural
model of the score function of an auxiliary model, where the
parameters of the auxiliary model are eliminated by
replacing them with their quasi-maximum likelihood
estimates. This leaves a moment vector depending only on the
parameters of the structural model. Structural parameter
estimates are those parameter values that put the moment
vector as closely to zero as possible in a suitable
generalized method of moments metric. This methodology can
also be interpreted as a practical computational strategy
for implementing indirect inference. One argues that
considerations from statistical science dictate that the
auxiliary model should approximate the true data-generating
process as closely as possible and show that using the
seminonparametric model is one means to this end. When the
view of close approximation is accepted in implementation,
the methodology described here is usually referred to as
Efficient Method of Moments in the literature because the
estimator is asymptotically as efficient as maximum
likelihood under correct specification and the detection of
model error is assured under incorrect specification. ©
2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-50897-3.50011-0},
Key = {fds238932}
}
@article{fds238960,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Activity signature functions for high-frequency data
analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {154},
Number = {2},
Pages = {125-138},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/wpapers/ac.pdf},
Abstract = {We define a new concept termed activity signature function,
which is constructed from discrete observations of a
continuous-time process, and derive its asymptotic
properties as the sampling frequency increases. We show that
the function is a useful device for estimating the activity
level of the underlying process and in particular for
deciding whether the process contains a continuous
martingale. An application to $ /D M exchange rate over
1986-1999 indicates that a jump-diffusion model is more
plausible than a pure-jump model. A second application to
internet traffic at NASA servers shows that an infinite
variation pure-jump model is appropriate for its modeling.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.06.009},
Key = {fds238960}
}
@article{fds238959,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Tauchen, G and Zhou, H},
Title = {Expected stock returns and variance risk
premia},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {22},
Number = {11},
Pages = {4463-4492},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhp008},
Abstract = {Motivated by the implications from a stylized self-contained
general equilibrium model incorporating the effects of
time-varying economic uncertainty, we show that the
difference between implied and realized variation, or the
variance risk premium, is able to explain a nontrivial
fraction of the time-series variation in post-1990 aggregate
stock market returns, with high (low) premia predicting high
(low) future returns. Our empirical results depend crucially
on the use of "model-free," as opposed to Black-Scholes,
options implied volatilities, along with accurate realized
variation measures constructed from high-frequency intraday
as opposed to daily data. The magnitude of the
predictability is particularly strong at the intermediate
quarterly return horizon, where it dominates that afforded
by other popular predictor variables, such as the P/E ratio,
the default spread, and the consumption-wealth
ratio.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhp008},
Key = {fds238959}
}
@misc{fds321566,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Tauchen, G and Sizova, N},
Title = {Volatility in Equilibrium: Asymmetries and Dynamic
Dependencies},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
Abstract = {Stock market volatility clusters in time, appears
fractionally integrated, carries a risk premium, and
exhibits asymmetric leverage effects relative to returns. At
the same time, the volatility risk premium, defined by the
difference between the risk-neutral and objective
expectations of the volatility, is distinctly less
persistent and appears short-memory. This paper develops the
first internally consistent equilibrium based explanation
for all of these empirical facts. The model is cast in
continuous-time and entirely self-contained, involving
non-separable recursive preferences. Our empirical
investigations are made possible through the use of newly
available high-frequency intra-day data for the VIX
volatility index, along with corresponding high-frequency
data for the S&P 500 aggregate market portfolio. We show
that the qualitative implications from the new theoretical
model match remarkably well with the distinct shapes and
patterns in the sample autocorrelations and dynamic
cross-correlations in the returns and volatilities observed
in the data.},
Key = {fds321566}
}
@article{fds238958,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Kretschmer, U and Pigorsch, C and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {A discrete-time model for daily S & P500 returns and
realized variations: Jumps and leverage effects},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {150},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-166},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/wpapers/bvrvr.pdf},
Abstract = {We develop an empirically highly accurate discrete-time
daily stochastic volatility model that explicitly
distinguishes between the jump and continuous-time
components of price movements using nonparametric realized
variation and Bipower variation measures constructed from
high-frequency intraday data. The model setup allows us to
directly assess the structural inter-dependencies among the
shocks to returns and the two different volatility
components. The model estimates suggest that the leverage
effect, or asymmetry between returns and volatility, works
primarily through the continuous volatility component. The
excellent fit of the model makes it an ideal candidate for
an easy-to-implement auxiliary model in the context of
indirect estimation of empirically more realistic
continuous-time jump diffusion and Lévy-driven stochastic
volatility models, effectively incorporating the interdaily
dependencies inherent in the high-frequency intraday data.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.12.001},
Key = {fds238958}
}
@misc{fds321567,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Sizova, N and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Volatility in Equilibrium: Asymmetries and Dynamic
Dependencies},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {Stock market volatility clusters in time, carries a risk
premium, is fractionally integrated, and exhibits asymmetric
leverage effects relative to returns. This paper develops a
first internally consistent equilibrium based explanation
for these longstanding empirical facts. The model is cast in
continuous-time and entirely self-contained, involving
non-separable recursive preferences. We show that the
qualitative theoretical implications from the new model
match remarkably well with the distinct shapes and patterns
in the sample autocorrelations of the volatility and the
volatility risk premium, and the dynamic cross-correlations
of the volatility measures with the returns calculated from
actual high-frequency intra-day data on the S&P 500
aggregate market and VIX volatility indexes.},
Key = {fds321567}
}
@article{fds238963,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Law, TH and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Risk, jumps, and diversification},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {144},
Number = {1},
Pages = {234-256},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {//http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/wpapers/jmpdiv.pdf},
Abstract = {We test for price discontinuities, or jumps, in a panel of
high-frequency intraday stock returns and an equiweighted
index constructed from the same stocks. Using a new test for
common jumps that explicitly utilizes the cross-covariance
structure in the returns to identify non-diversifiable
jumps, we find strong evidence for many modest-sized, yet
highly significant, cojumps that simply pass through
standard jump detection statistics when applied on a
stock-by-stock basis. Our results are further corroborated
by a striking within-day pattern in the significant cojumps,
with a sharp peak at the time of regularly scheduled
macroeconomic news announcements. © 2008.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.01.006},
Key = {fds238963}
}
@misc{fds163697,
Title = {Continuous-Time Methods and Market Microstructure},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {95-97},
Booktitle = {International Library of Financial Econometrics},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds163697}
}
@article{fds238965,
Author = {Bansal, R and Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Rational pessimism, rational exuberance, and asset pricing
models},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {74},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1005-1033},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Abstract = {The paper estimates and examines the empirical plausibility
of asset pricing models that attempt to explain features of
financial markets such as the size of the equity premium and
the volatility of the stock market. In one model, the
long-run risks (LRR) model of Bansal and Yaron,
low-frequency movements, and time-varying uncertainty in
aggregate consumption growth are the key channels for
understanding asset prices. In another, as typified by
Campbell and Cochrane, habit formation, which generates
time-varying risk aversion and consequently time variation
in risk premia, is the key channel. These models are fitted
to data using simulation estimators. Both models are found
to fit the data equally well at conventional significance
levels, and they can track quite closely a new measure of
realized annual volatility. Further, scrutiny using a rich
array of diagnostics suggests that the LRR model is
preferred. © 2007 The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00454.x},
Key = {fds238965}
}
@article{fds304444,
Author = {Todorov, V and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Simulation methods for Lévy-driven continuous-time
autoregressive moving average (CARMA) stochastic volatility
models},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {455-469},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500106000000260},
Abstract = {We develop simulation schemes for the new classes of
non-Gaussian pure jump Lévy processes for stochastic
volatility. We write the price and volatility processes as
integrals against a vector Lévy process, which makes series
approximation methods directly applicable. These methods
entail simulation of the Lévy increments and formation of
weighted sums of the increments; they do not require a
closed-form expression for a tail mass function or
specification of a copula function. We also present a new,
and apparently quite flexible, bivariate mixture-of-gammas
model for the driving Lévy process. Within this setup, it
is quite straightforward to generate simulations from a
Lévy-driven continuous-time autoregressive moving average
stochastic volatility model augmented by a pure-jump price
component. Simulations reveal the wide range of different
types of financial price processes that can be generated in
this manner, including processes with persistent stochastic
volatility, dynamic leverage, and jumps. © 2006 American
Statistical Association Journal of Business & Economic
Statistics.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500106000000260},
Key = {fds304444}
}
@article{fds238964,
Author = {Bollerslev, T and Litvinova, J and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Leverage and volatility feedback effects in high-frequency
data},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {353-384},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1479-8409},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbj014},
Abstract = {We examine the relationship between volatility and past and
future returns using high-frequency aggregate equity index
data. Consistent with a prolonged "leverage" effect, we find
the correlations between absolute high-frequency returns and
current and past high-frequency returns to be significantly
negative for several days, whereas the reverse
cross-correlations are generally negligible. We also find
that high-frequency data may be used in more accurately
assessing volatility asymmetries over longer daily return
horizons. Furthermore, our analysis of several popular
continuous-time stochastic volatility models clearly points
to the importance of allowing for multiple latent volatility
factors for satisfactorily describing the observed
volatility asymmetries. © 2006 Oxford University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbj014},
Key = {fds238964}
}
@article{fds30354,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {Stochastic Volatility in General Equilibrium},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds30354}
}
@article{fds238962,
Author = {Huang, X and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Relative Contribution of Jumps to Total Price
Variance},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Econometrics},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {456-499},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/wpapers/index.htm},
Abstract = {We examine tests for jumps based on recent asymptotic
results; we interpret the tests as Hausman-type tests. Monte
Carlo evidence suggests that the daily ratio z-statistic has
appropriate size, good power, and good jump detection
capabilities revealed by the confusion matrix comprised of
jump classification probabilities. We identify a pitfall in
applying the asymptotic approximation over an entire sample.
Theoretical and Monte Carlo analysis indicates that
microstructure noise biases the tests against detecting
jumps, and that a simple lagging strategy corrects the bias.
Empirical work documents evidence for jumps that account for
7% of stock market price variance. © The Author 2005.
Published by Oxford University Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jjfinec/nbi025},
Key = {fds238962}
}
@article{fds238951,
Author = {Bansal, R and Tauchen, G and Zhou, H},
Title = {Regime shifts, risk premiums in the term structure, and the
business cycle},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {4},
Pages = {396-409},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500104000000398},
Abstract = {Recent evidence indicates that using multiple forward rates
sharply predicts future excess returns on U.S. Treasury
Bonds, with the R2's being around 30%. The projection
coefficients in these regressions exhibit a distinct pattern
that relates to the maturity of the forward rate. These
dimensions of the data, in conjunction with the transition
dynamics of bond yields, offer a serious challenge to term
structure models. In this article we show that a
regime-shifting term structure model can empirically account
for these challenging data features. Alternative models,
such as affine specification, fail to account for these
important features. We find that regimes in the model are
intimately related to bond risk premia and real business
cycles.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500104000000398},
Key = {fds238951}
}
@article{fds27856,
Author = {G. Tauchen and A. R. Gallant},
Title = {SNP: A Program for Nonparametric Time Series
Analysis},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~get/snp.htm},
Key = {fds27856}
}
@article{fds30353,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {Recent Developments in Stochastic Volatility: Statistical
Modelling and General Equilibrium Analysis},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds30353}
}
@article{fds304446,
Author = {Chernov, M and Gallant, AR and Ghysels, E and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {Alternative models for stock price dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {116},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {225-257},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1892 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper evaluates the role of various volatility
specifications, such as multiple stochastic volatility (SV)
factors and jump components, in appropriate modeling of
equity return distributions. We use estimation technology
that facilitates nonnested model comparisons and use a long
data set which provides rich information about the
conditional and unconditional distribution of returns. We
consider two broad families of models: (1) the multifactor
loglinear family, and (2) the affine-jump family. Both
classes of models have attracted much attention in the
derivatives and econometrics literatures. There are various
tradeoffs in considering such diverse specifications. If
pure diffusion SV models are chosen over jump diffusions, it
has important implications for hedging strategies. If
logarithmic models are chosen over affine ones, it may
seriously complicate option pricing. Comparing many
different specifications of pure diffusion multifactor
models and jump diffusion models, we find that (1) log
linear models have to be extended to two factors with
feedback in the mean reverting factor, (2) affine models
have to have a jump in returns, stochastic volatility or
probably both. Models (1) and (2) are observationally
equivalent on the data set in hand. In either (1) or (2) the
key is that the volatility can move violently. As we obtain
models with comparable empirical fit, one must make a choice
based on arguments other than statistical goodness-of-fit
criteria. The considerations include facility to price
options, to hedge and parsimony. The affine specification
with jumps in volatility might therefore be preferred
because of the closed-form derivatives prices. © 2003
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00108-8},
Key = {fds304446}
}
@article{fds238969,
Author = {Ghysels, E and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Frontiers of financial econometrics and financial
engineering},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {116},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {1-7},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1914 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The papers in this volume represent the most recent advances
in the intersection of the fields of financial econometrics
and financial engineering. A collection of papers presented
at a conference organized by the Guest Editors in
collaboration with Robert E. Whaley at the Fuqua School of
Business of Duke University was supplemented with several
additional articles to make up this volume. The articles
cover four topics: (1) option pricing, (2) fixed income
securities, (3) stochastic volatility and jumps, (4) general
asset pricing and portfolio allocation. It concludes with a
review essay by David Bates that provides a general
perspective on the interface between financial econometrics
and financial economics, including current issues and the
research agenda for the future. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(03)00101-5},
Key = {fds238969}
}
@article{fds238948,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Durham, GB and Gallant, AR},
Title = {Comment [6] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-332+335+337},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds238948}
}
@article{fds238967,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Numerical Techniques for Maximum Likelihood Estimation of
Continuous-Time Diffusion Processes: Comment},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {3},
Pages = {331-332},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds238967}
}
@article{fds238980,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {The bias of tests for a risk premium in forward exchange
rates},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Finance},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {695-704},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(01)00042-1},
Abstract = {The pure expectations theory of unbiased forward exchange
rates predicts that the slope coefficient in a regression of
the change in the spot rate on the difference between the
current forward and spot rates should equal unity. In the
recent empirical work by Fama, the estimates of this
coefficient turn out to be negative in all regressions for
nine major industrialized nations. This paper demonstrates
that under the expectations theory, the sampling
distribution of the regression estimator of this coefficient
is upward-biased relative to unity and strongly skewed to
the right. The likelihood of negative values is essentially
zero. Thus, the estimator is biased in a direction opposite
to what is observed. Since the observed estimates lie far
out in the thin left-hand tail of the estimator's sampling
distribution, the evidence against the hypothesis of
unbiased forward rates is much stronger than previously
believed. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0927-5398(01)00042-1},
Key = {fds238980}
}
@article{fds238968,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Notes on financial econometrics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {100},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-64},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1905 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The first part of the discussion reviews recent successes in
modeling of discrete time financial data and argues that a
direct approach is better suited than stochastic volatility.
The second part reviews recent work on estimating continuous
time models with emphasis on simulation-based techniques and
joint estimation of the risk neutral and objective
probability distributions. © 2001 Elsevier Science S.A. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(00)00054-3},
Key = {fds238968}
}
@article{fds238977,
Author = {Chung, CS and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Testing target-zone models using efficient method of
moments},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {3},
Pages = {255-277},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500101681019891},
Abstract = {The objectives of this article are threefold - (1) to test
target-zone models using more efficient and direct
econometric methodology than previous research, (2) to
identity an implicit hand, if it exists, from observed data
and to test target-zone models based on the estimated
implicit hand rather than the stated official band, and (3)
to examine whether the exchange rate can be modeled as a
managed float system with a central parity that lacks a
band. We find strong evidence that a model with
intramarginal intervention and a narrower implicit
(unofficial) hand can describe the dynamics of the French
franc/Deutsche mark exchange rate from January 1, 1987-July
30, 1993.},
Doi = {10.1198/073500101681019891},
Key = {fds238977}
}
@article{fds324878,
Author = {Chernov, M and Gallant, AR and Ghysels, E and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {A New Class of Stochastic Volatility Models with Jumps:
Theory and Estimation},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds324878}
}
@article{fds238979,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The relative efficiency of method of moments
estimators},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {1},
Pages = {149-172},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1900 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The asymptotic relative efficiency of efficient method of
moments when implemented with a seminonparametric auxiliary
model is compared to that of conventional method of moments
when implemented with polynomial moment functions. Because
the expectations required by these estimators can be
computed by simulation, these two methods are commonly used
to estimate the parameters of nonlinear latent variables
models. The comparison is for the models in the Marron-Wand
test suite, a scale mixture of normals, and the second
largest order statistic of the lognormal distribution. The
latter models are representative of financial market data
and auction data, respectively, which are the two most
common applications of simulation estimators. Efficient
method of moments dominates conventional method of moments
over these models. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0304-4076(98)00088-8},
Key = {fds238979}
}
@article{fds304445,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Hsu, CT and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Using daily range data to calibrate volatility diffusions
and extract the forward integrated variance},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {4},
Pages = {617-631},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1999 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {A common model for security price dynamics is the
continuous-time stochastic volatility model. For this model,
Hull and White (1987) show that the price of a derivative
claim is the conditional expectation of the Black-Scholes
price with the forward integrated variance replacing the
Black-Scholes variance. Implementing the Hull and White
characterization requires both estimates of the price
dynamics and the conditional distribution of the forward
integrated variance given observed variables. Using daily
data on close-to-close price movement and the daily range,
we find that standard models do not fit the data very well
and that a more general three-factor model does better, as
it mimics the long-memory feature of financial volatility.
We develop techniques for estimating the conditional
distribution of the forward integrated variance given
observed variables.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465399558481},
Key = {fds304445}
}
@article{fds152638,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {Efficient Estimation of Multivariate Diffusions with
Applications from Finance},
Series = {1999},
Booktitle = {Bulletin of the International Statistical
Association},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds152638}
}
@article{fds238986,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {"The Objective Function of Simulation Estimators Near the
Boundary of the Parameter Space"},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-398},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2001},
Abstract = {The paper examines the role of stability constraints in
estimation by dynamic simulation. In particular, it analyzes
the behavior of the objective function on either side of the
boundary of the stability region of the parameter space. The
main finding is that stability constraints may be ignored
because the simulation-based objective function contains a
built-in penalty to enforce stability. A key caveat,
however, is that the dynamic stability of the auxiliary
model that defines the moment conditions must be checked and
enforced. An attempt to fit via simulation to moments
defined by a dynamically unstable auxiliary model can be
expected to lead to an ill-behaved objective
function.},
Doi = {10.1162/003465398557627},
Key = {fds238986}
}
@article{fds238970,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Reprojecting partially observed systems with application to
interest rate diffusions},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {93},
Number = {441},
Pages = {10-24},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1998.10474083},
Abstract = {We introduce reprojection as a general purpose technique for
characterizing the dynamic response of a partially observed
nonlinear system to its observable history. Reprojection is
the third step of a procedure wherein first data are
summarized by projection onto a Hermite series
representation of the unconstrained transition density for
observables; second, system parameters are estimated by
minimum chi-squared, where the chi-squared criterion is a
quadratic form in the expected score of the projection; and
third, the constraints on dynamics implied by the nonlinear
system are imposed by projecting a long simulation of the
estimated system onto a Hermite series representation of the
constrained transition density for observables. The
constrained transition density can be used to study the
response of the system to its observable history. We utilize
the technique to assess the dynamics of several diffusion
models for the short-term interest rate that have been
proposed and to compare them to a new model that has
feedback from the interest rate into both the drift and
diffusion coefficients of a volatility equation. © 1998
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.1998.10474083},
Key = {fds238970}
}
@article{fds304443,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {The objective function of simulation estimators near the
boundary of the unstable region of the parameter
space},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {389-398},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2001 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The paper examines the role of stability constraints in
estimation by dynamic simulation. In particular, it analyzes
the behavior of the objective function on either side of the
boundary of the stability region of the parameter space. The
main finding is that stability constraints may be ignored
because the simulation-based objective function contains a
built-in penalty to enforce stability. A key caveat,
however, is that the dynamic stability of the auxiliary
model that defines the moment conditions must be checked and
enforced. An attempt to fit via simulation to moments
defined by a dynamically unstable auxiliary model can be
expected to lead to an ill-behaved objective
function.},
Key = {fds304443}
}
@article{fds238971,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Estimation of continuous-time models for stock returns and
interest rates},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-168},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1365-1005},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2590 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Efficient Method of Moments is used to estimate and test
continuous-time diffusion models for stock returns and
interest rates. For stock returns, a four-state, two-factor
diffusion with one state observed can account for the
dynamics of the daily return on the S&P Composite Index,
1927-1987. This contrasts with results indicating that
discrete-time, stochastic volatility models cannot explain
these dynamics. For interest rates, a trivariate
Yield-Factor Model is estimated from weekly, 1962-1995,
Treasury rates. The Yield-Factor Model is sharply rejected,
although extensions permitting convexities in the local
variance come closer to fitting the data.},
Key = {fds238971}
}
@article{fds238987,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Hsiehb, D and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Estimation of stochastic volatility models with
diagnostics},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-192},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2057 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Efficient method of moments (EMM) is used to fit the
standard stochastic volatility model and various extensions
to several daily financial time series. EMM matches to the
score of a model determined by data analysis called the
score generator. Discrepancies reveal characteristics of
data that stochastic volatility models cannot approximate.
The two score generators employed here are 'semiparametric
ARCH' and 'nonlinear nonparametric'. With the first, the
standard model is rejected, although some extensions are
accepted. With the second, all versions are rejected. The
extensions required for an adequate fit are so elaborate
that nonparametric specifications are probably more
convenient. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0304-4076(97)00039-0},
Key = {fds238987}
}
@misc{fds27858,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {New Minimum Chi-Square Methods in Empirical
Finance},
Volume = {III},
Series = {Econometric Society Monographs},
Number = {28},
Pages = {279-317},
Booktitle = {Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Theory and
Applications},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Kenneth F. Wallis and David M. Kreps},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds27858}
}
@misc{fds238938,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {New Minimum Chi-Square Methods in Empirical
Finance},
Year = {1996},
Month = {April},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2065 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper reviews recently developed simulation-based
minimum chi-square estimators for structural models.
Particular attention is paid to selection of the auxiliary
model that defines the GMM-type criterion used in the
minimum chi-square estimation. Considerations of statistical
efficiency and behavior under misspecification make a strong
case for using a very flexible, nonparametric approach to
select the auxiliary model. To avoid a numerically
ill-behaved GMM criterion function, the dynamic stability of
the auxiliary model must also be verified, though,
interestly, the dynamic stability of the structural model
itself is automatically enforced and need not be imposed in
estimation. The empirical application involves estimation of
a single-fator diffusion model for the 30-day Eurodollar
interest rate.},
Key = {fds238938}
}
@article{fds238988,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Zhang, H and Liu, M},
Title = {Volume, volatility, and leverage: A dynamic
analysis},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {177-208},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1897 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper uses dynamic impulse response analysis to
investigate the interrelationships among stock price
volatility, trading volume, and the leverage effect. Dynamic
impulse response analysis is a technique for analyzing the
multi-step-ahead characteristics of a nonparametric estimate
of the one-step conditional density of a strictly stationary
process. The technique is the generalization to a nonlinear
process of Sims-style impulse response analysis for linear
models. In this paper, we refine the technique and apply it
to a long panel of daily observations on the price and
trading volume of four stocks actively traded on the NYSE:
Boeing, Coca-Cola, IBM, and MMM.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(95)01755-0},
Key = {fds238988}
}
@article{fds238989,
Author = {Ronald Gallant and A and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Which moments to match?},
Journal = {Econometric Theory},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {657-681},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2542 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We describe an intuitive, simple, and systematic approach to
generating moment conditions for generalized method of
moments (GMM) estimation of the parameters of a structural
model. The idea is to use the score of a density that has an
analytic expression to define the GMM criterion. The
auxiliary model that generates the score should closely
approximate the distribution of the observed data, but is
not required to nest it. If the auxiliary model nests the
structural model then the estimator is as efficient as
maximum likelihood. The estimator is advantageous when
expectations under a structural model can be computed by
simulation, by quadrature, or by analytic expressions but
the likelihood cannot be computed easily. © 1996 Cambridge
University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0266466600006976},
Key = {fds238989}
}
@misc{fds238939,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Specification Analysis of Continuous Time Models in
Finance},
Pages = {357-383},
Booktitle = {Modeling Stock Market Volatility: Bridging the Gap to
Continuous Time},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Editor = {Peter E. Rossi},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2063 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The paper describes the use of the Gallant-Tauchen efficient
method of moments (EMM) technique for diagnostic checking of
stochastic differential equations (SDEs) estimated from
financial market data. The EMM technique is a
simulation-based method that uses the score function of an
auxiliary model as the criterion to define a generalized
method of moments (GMM) objective function. The technique
can handle multivariate SDEs where the state vector is not
completely observed. The optimized GMM objective function is
distributed as chi-square and may be used to test model
adequacy. Elements of the score function correspond to
specific parameters and large values reflect features of
data that a rejected SDE specification does not describe
well. The diagnostics are illustrated by estimating a
three-factor model to weekly, 1962-1995, term structure data
comprised of short (3 month), medium (12 month), and long
(10 year) Treasury rates. The Yield-Factor Model is sharply
rejected, although an extension that permits the local
variance function to be a convex function of the interest
rates comes much closer to describing the
data.},
Key = {fds238939}
}
@article{fds304447,
Author = {Bansal, R and Gallant, AR and Hussey, R and Tauchen,
G},
Title = {Nonparametric estimation of structural models for
high-frequency currency market data},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {251-287},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1902 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Empirical modeling of high-frequency currency market data
reveals substantial evidence for nonnormality, stochastic
volatility, and other nonlinearities. This paper
investigates whether an equilibrium monetary model can
account for nonlinearities in weekly data. The model
incorporates time-nonseparable preferences and a transaction
cost technology. Simulated sample paths are generated using
Marcet's parameterized expectations procedure. The paper
also develops a new method for estimation of structural
economic models. The method forces the model to match (under
a GMM criterion) the score function of a nonparametric
estimate of the conditional density of observed data. The
estimation uses weekly U.S.-German currency market data,
1975-90. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(94)01618-A},
Key = {fds304447}
}
@article{fds322429,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Editor’s report},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {369},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1994.10524552},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1994.10524552},
Key = {fds322429}
}
@article{fds322430,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {News Notes},
Journal = {Econometric Reviews},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {V-vI},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474939408800288},
Doi = {10.1080/07474939408800288},
Key = {fds322430}
}
@article{fds238991,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Rossi, PE and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Nonlinear Dynamic Structures},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {871-871},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1993},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993LP33800005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2951766},
Key = {fds238991}
}
@article{fds322432,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Editor’s report},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1993.10509965},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1993.10509965},
Key = {fds322432}
}
@article{fds322433,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Remarks on my term at JBES},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {428-431},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1993.10509980},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1993.10509980},
Key = {fds322433}
}
@article{fds322431,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {The journal of business & economic statistics: The first
10 years and a look ahead},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {425},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1993.10509976},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1993.10509976},
Key = {fds322431}
}
@article{fds238992,
Author = {Bansal, GTWR and Hussey, R and Gallant, AR and Tauchen
G},
Title = {"A Nonparametric Simulation Estimator for Nonlinear
Structural Models"},
Journal = {Computational Economics and Econometrics},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds238992}
}
@article{fds238972,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Rossi, PE and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Stock Prices and Volume},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {199-242},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992HV78800003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/5.2.199},
Key = {fds238972}
}
@misc{fds21762,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {"A Nonparametric Approach to Nonlinear Time Series:
Estimation and Simulation"},
Booktitle = {New Directions in Time Series Analyses, Part
II},
Publisher = {New York: Springer-Verlag},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds21762}
}
@article{fds238973,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Hussey, R},
Title = {Quadrature-Based Methods for Obtaining Approximate Solutions
to Nonlinear Asset Pricing Models},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {371-396},
Year = {1991},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1867 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds238973}
}
@book{fds238937,
Title = {Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Econometrics and
Statistics},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium in Economic
Theory and Econometrics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Barnett, WA and Powell, J and Tauchen, GE},
Year = {1991},
Abstract = {This collection of papers delivered at the Fifth
International Symposium in Economic Theory and Econometrics
in 1988 is devoted to the estimation and testing of models
that impose relatively weak restrictions on the stochastic
behaviour of data. Particularly in highly non-linear models,
empirical results are very sensitive to the choice of the
parametric form of the distribution of the observable
variables, and often nonparametric and semiparametric models
are a preferable alternative. Methods and applications that
do not require string parametric assumptions for their
validity, that are based on kernels and on series
expansions, and methods for independent and dependent
observations are investigated and developed in these essays
by renowned econometricians.},
Key = {fds238937}
}
@misc{fds320824,
Author = {Hsieh, DA and Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {On Fitting a Recalcitrant Series: the Pound/Dollar Exchange
Rate},
Pages = {199-240},
Booktitle = {Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Econometrics and
and Statistics, Proceedings of the Fifth International
Symposium in Econmic Theory and Econometrics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Barnett, WA and Powell, J and Tauchen, G},
Year = {1991},
ISBN = {0521370906},
Key = {fds320824}
}
@article{fds238946,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Hansen, LP and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Using conditional moments of asset payoffs to infer the
volatility of intertemporal marginal rates of
substitution},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {141-179},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90097-D},
Abstract = {Previously Hansen and Jagannathan (1990a) derived and
computed mean-standard deviation frontiers for intertemporal
marginal rates of substitution (IMRS) implied by asset
market data. These frontiers give the lower bounds on the
standard deviations as a function of the mean. In this paper
we develop a strategy for utilizing conditioning information
efficiently, and hence improve on the standard deviation
bounds computed by Hansen and Jagannathan. We implement this
strategy empirically by using the seminonparametric (SNP)
methodology suggested by Gallant and Tauchen (1989) to
estimate the conditional distribution of a vector of monthly
asset payoffs. We use the fitted conditional distributions
to calculate both conditional and unconditional standard
deviation bounds for the IMRS. The unconditional bounds are
as sharp as possible subject to robustness considerations.
We also use the fitted distributions to compute the moments
of various candidate marginal rates of substitution
suggested by economic theory, and in particular the
time-nonseparable preferences of Dunn and Singleton (1986)
and Eichenbaum and Hansen (1990). For these preferences, our
findings suggest that habit persistence will put the moments
of the IMRS inside the frontier at reasonable values of the
curvature parameter. At the same time we uncover evidence
that the implied IMRS fails to satisfy all of the
restrictions inherent in the Euler equation. The findings
help explain why Euler equation estimation methods typically
find evidence in favor of local durability instead of habit
persistence for monthly data. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(90)90097-D},
Key = {fds238946}
}
@article{fds238974,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Solving the Stochastic Growth Model by Using Quadrature
Methods and Value Function Iterations},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-51},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1885 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This article presents a solution algorithm for the capital
growth model. The algorithm uses value- function iterations
on a discrete state space. The quadrature method is used to
set the grid for the exogenous process, and a simple
equispaced scheme in logarithms is used to set the grid for
the endogenous capital process. The algorithm can produce a
solution to within four-digit accuracy using a state space
composed of 1,800 points in total. © 1990 American
Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1990.10509776},
Key = {fds238974}
}
@article{fds238993,
Author = {Tauchen, G and Gallant, AR and Hansen, LP},
Title = {"Using Conditional Moments of Asset Returns to Infer the
Volatility of Intertemporal Marginal Rates of
Substitution"},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {45},
Number = {112},
Pages = {141-180},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds238993}
}
@article{fds238994,
Author = {Gallant, AR and Tauchen, G},
Title = {Seminonparametric Estimation of Conditionally Constrained
Heterogeneous Processes: Asset Pricing Applications},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1091-1091},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989AR82100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1913624},
Key = {fds238994}
}
@misc{fds21752,
Author = {G. Tauchen and M.K. Salemi},
Title = {"Simultaneous Nonlinear Learning Models"},
Pages = {207-221},
Booktitle = {Econometric Modeling in Economic Education
Research},
Publisher = {Klumer-Nijhoff},
Editor = {W. Becker and W. Walstead},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds21752}
}
@article{fds238995,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {"Statistical Properties of GMM Estimates of Structural
Parameters Using Financial Market Data"},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {4},
Year = {1986},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds238995}
}
@article{fds238975,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Finite state markov-chain approximations to univariate and
vector autoregressions},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {177-181},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(86)90168-0},
Abstract = {The paper develops a procedure for finding a discrete-valued
Markov chain whose sample paths approximate well those of a
vector autoregression. The procedure has applications in
those areas of economics, finance, and econometrics where
approximate solutions to integral equations are required. ©
1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(86)90168-0},
Key = {fds238975}
}
@article{fds238996,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {A note on the asymptotic lower bound for the covariance
matrix of the GMM estimator of the parameters of agents'
utility functions},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {151-155},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(86)90163-1},
Abstract = {This paper derives under simplifying assumptions an explicit
expression for the lower bound on the asymptotic variance of
the GMM estimate of the curvature parameter of the CRR
utility function. Numerical calculations indicate that
qualitative conclusions reached on the basis of the
expression are reliable indicators of what can be expected
in complicated estimation situations where explicit formulae
are not available. © 1986.},
Doi = {10.1016/0165-1765(86)90163-1},
Key = {fds238996}
}
@article{fds322435,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Reply},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {423-425},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1986.10509541},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1986.10509541},
Key = {fds322435}
}
@article{fds337463,
Author = {Tauchen, GE},
Title = {Statistical Properties of Generalized Method-of-Moments
Estimators of Structural Parameters Obtained from Financial
Market Data},
Publisher = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Year = {1986},
Abstract = {The article examines the properties of generalized method of
moments GMM estimators of utility function parameters. The
research strategy is to apply the GMM procedure to generated
data on asset returns from stochastic exchange economies;
discrete methods and Markov chain models are used to
approximate the solutions to the integral equations for the
asset prices. The findings are as follows: (a) There is
variance/bias trade-off regarding the number of lags used to
form instruments; with short lags, the estimates of utility
function parameters are nearly asymptotically optimal, but
with longer lags the estimates concentrate around biased
values and confidence intervals become misleading. (b) The
test of the overidentifying restrictions performs well in
small samples; if anything, the test is biased toward
acceptance of the null hypothesis.},
Key = {fds337463}
}
@article{fds238976,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Comment on Wood, McInish, and Ord},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Year = {1985},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds238976}
}
@article{fds238983,
Author = {Tauchen, G},
Title = {Diagnostic testing and evaluation of maximum likelihood
models},
Journal = {Journal of Econometrics},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {415-443},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-4076},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1912 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The paper develops a unified theory of likelihood
specification testing based on M-estimators of auxiliary
parameters. The theory is sufficiently general to encompass
a wide class of specification tests including moment-based
tests, Pearson-type goodness of fit tests, the information
matrix test, and the Cox test. The paper also presents a
framework based on Frechet differentiation for determining
the effects of misspecification on the almost sure limits of
parameter estimates and specification test statistics. ©
1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-4076(85)90149-6},
Key = {fds238983}
}
@article{fds290827,
Author = {TAUCHEN, G},
Title = {DISCUSSION},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {739-741},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1985.tb04997.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1985.tb04997.x},
Key = {fds290827}
}
@article{fds238984,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Effect of Minimum Drinking Age Legislation on Youthful
Auto Fatalities, 1970-1977},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {169-190},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984RZ69400007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/467738},
Key = {fds238984}
}
@article{fds238997,
Author = {Tauchen, GE and Pitts, M},
Title = {The Price Variability-Volume Relationship on Speculative
Markets},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {485-485},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1983},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-9682},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983RR02900013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1912002},
Key = {fds238997}
}
@misc{fds27736,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {"Comments on Cinar, Abowd and Zellner, and
Nestel"},
Journal = {Proceedings of the 1983 Meetings of the American Statistical
Assocation: Business and Economics},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds27736}
}
@misc{fds21775,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {"An Appraisal of the Precision of Box-Jenkins Intervention
Analysis"},
Year = {1982},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds21775}
}
@article{fds238998,
Author = {Salemi, MK and Tauchen, GE},
Title = {Estimation of nonlinear learning models},
Journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
Volume = {77},
Number = {380},
Pages = {725-731},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0162-1459},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1982PV60500003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The article develops the structure and estimates the
parameters of a nonlinear learning model applicable to
research designs in which students are tested at the
beginning and end of a course of study. A student’s
precourse score is an error-ridden proxy for his precourse
aptitude. As a remedy for this problem, the article combines
a probit model of test score outcomes, a learning function,
and a linear equation relating aptitude to demographic
characteristics to deduce the exact test score distribution.
An empirical example of maximum likelihood estimation of the
model’s parameters is presented. © 1982 Taylor & Francis
Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/01621459.1982.10477877},
Key = {fds238998}
}
@misc{fds21744,
Author = {G. Tauchen and Javier Salas},
Title = {"A Dynamic Rational Expectations Macroeconomic Model of
Mexico"},
Pages = {349-358},
Booktitle = {Applied Time Series Analysis},
Publisher = {North-Holland Publishing Company},
Editor = {M.R. Perryman},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds21744}
}
@article{fds238978,
Author = {Cook, PJ and Tauchen, G},
Title = {The Effect of Liquor Taxes on Heavy Drinking},
Journal = {The Bell Journal of Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {379-379},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0361-915X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1982PX95100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/3003461},
Key = {fds238978}
}
@article{fds238982,
Author = {Tauchen, GE},
Title = {Some Evidence on Cross-Sector Effects of the Minimum
Wage},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {89},
Number = {3},
Pages = {529-547},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1981},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-3808},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1981LT72700006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/260984},
Key = {fds238982}
}
@misc{fds21742,
Author = {G. Tauchen},
Title = {"Temporal Aggregation and Testing for Econometric
Exogeneity"},
Pages = {569-574},
Booktitle = {Time Series Analysis},
Publisher = {North Holland Publishing Company},
Editor = {O.D. Anderson and M.R. Perryman},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds21742}
}
@article{fds304442,
Author = {Salemi, MK and Tauchen, GE},
Title = {Guessing and the Error Structure of Learning
Models.},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {41-46},
Year = {1980},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JW76100010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds304442}
}
%% Taylor, Curtis R.
@article{fds376880,
Author = {Boleslavsky, R and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Make it 'til you fake it},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {217},
Year = {2024},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2024.105812},
Abstract = {We study the dynamics of fraud and trust in a
continuous-time reputation game. The principal wishes to
approve a real project and reject a fake. The agent is
either an ethical type that produces a real project, or a
strategic type that also can produce a fake. Producing a
real project takes an uncertain amount of time, while a fake
can be created instantaneously at some cost. The unique
equilibrium features an initial phase of doubt, during which
the strategic agent randomly fakes and the principal
randomly approves. Only submissions that arrive after the
phase of doubt are beneficial to the principal. We
investigate three variants of the model that mitigate this
problem. With full commitment, the principal incentivizes
the strategic agent to fake at one specific time and commits
to approve. Though the principal knows that earlier arrivals
are real, she commits to reject them with positive
probability. When she can delegate authority, the principal
benefits by transferring it to a proxy who is more cautious
than she is. When the principal can conduct a costly test
prior to her approval decision, the principal also benefits.
The equilibrium testing probability may be non-monotonic
over time, first increasing, then decreasing.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2024.105812},
Key = {fds376880}
}
@article{fds372693,
Author = {Häfner, S and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Working for References},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {33-77},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/MIC.20210299},
Abstract = {We analyze the incentive and welfare consequences of job
references in a large economy marked by moral hazard,
limited liability, exogenous job separation, and structural
unemployment. In the firm-optimal equilibrium, employers
provide references whenever production is successful, and
workers holding references are hired with certainty in the
ensuing period. Compared to a setting without references:
the bonus-contract offers are lower, yet the workers’
equilibrium effort is higher. Profits and welfare are
higher, yet aggregate worker welfare is lower. Also, firms
do not fully internalize the incentive effect of references
and could typically increase profits and welfare by jointly
raising bonuses.},
Doi = {10.1257/MIC.20210299},
Key = {fds372693}
}
@article{fds362198,
Author = {Häfner, S and Taylor, CR},
Title = {On young Turks and yes men: optimal contracting for
advice},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {53},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-94},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12400},
Abstract = {We study contracting for advice by an agent about how much a
principal should invest in a project. Providing the agent
with incentives to perform research endogenously generates
incentives for her to misreport the results. For high-cost
(low-cost) projects, she wishes to overstate (understate)
the magnitude—though not the direction—of her research
findings. For high-cost projects, the principal mitigates
the concomitant agency rents by committing to ignore extreme
(Young-Turk) recommendations, whereas for low-cost projects,
he ignores mild (Yes-Man) ones. These results are shown to
be robust to several natural extensions of
the model.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12400},
Key = {fds362198}
}
@article{fds362811,
Author = {Jacobs, JA and Kolb, AM and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Communities, Co-ops, and Clubs: Social Capital and
Incentives in Large Collective Organizations},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {29-69},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20180359},
Abstract = {We study a continuous-time organization design problem. Each
member’s output is an imperfect signal of his underlying
effort, and each member’s utility from remaining in the
organization is endogenous to other members’ efforts.
Monetary transfers are assumed infeasible. Incentives can be
provided only through two channels: expulsion following poor
performance and respite following good performance. We
derive the steady state distribution of members’
continuation utilities for arbitrary values of the initial
and maximum continuation utilities and then optimize these
values according to organizational objectives. An optimally
designed organization can be implemented by associating
continuation utilities with a performance-tracking
reputation system. (JEL Z13, D23, D86, P13,
D82)},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.20180359},
Key = {fds362811}
}
@misc{fds324693,
Author = {Boleslavsky, R and Kelly, DL and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Selloffs, bailouts, and feedback: Can asset markets inform
policy?},
Pages = {294-343},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2017.02.009},
Abstract = {We introduce a new market microstructure model to study a
setting in which an authority (e.g. a firm manager or
government policymaker) learns about the likelihood of a bad
state by observing activity in the asset market, before
deciding whether to undertake a costly intervention to
improve the state. Intervention erodes the value of an
investor's private information by weakening the link between
the initial state and the asset payoff. Informed investors
are reluctant to make large, informative trades in the bad
state, undermining the market's informativeness and the
welfare gains generated by the possibility of a corrective
intervention. Fundamentally, the authority faces a tradeoff
between eliciting information from the asset market and
using the information so obtained. The authority can
generate a Pareto improvement if she commits to intervene
less often when the market suggests that intervention is
most beneficial and more often when the market suggests that
intervention is unwarranted. She thus may benefit from
imperfections in the intervention process or from delegating
the decision to intervene to a biased agent.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2017.02.009},
Key = {fds324693}
}
@article{fds322436,
Author = {Green, B and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Breakthroughs, deadlines, and self-reported progress:
Contracting for multistage projects},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3660-3699},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151181},
Abstract = {We study the optimal incentive scheme for a multistage
project in which the agent privately observes intermediate
progress. The optimal contract involves a soft deadline
wherein the principal guarantees funding up to a certain
date-if the agent reports progress at that date, then the
principal gives him a relatively short hard deadline to
complete the project-if progress is not reported at that
date, then a probationary phase begins in which the project
is randomly terminated at a constant rate until progress is
reported. We explore several variants of the model with
implications for optimal project design. In particular, we
show that the principal benefits by imposing a small cost on
the agent for submitting a progress report or by making the
first stage of the project somewhat "harder" than the
second.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20151181},
Key = {fds322436}
}
@article{fds322437,
Author = {Acquisti, A and Taylor, C and Wagman, L},
Title = {The economics of privacy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {442-492},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.54.2.442},
Abstract = {This article summarizes and draws connections among diverse
streams of theoretical and empirical research on the
economics of privacy. We focus on the economic value and
consequences of protecting and disclosing personal
information, and on consumers' understanding and decisions
regarding the trade-offs associated with the privacy and the
sharing of personal data. We highlight how the economic
analysis of privacy evolved over time, as advancements in
information technology raised increasingly nuanced and
complex issues. We find and highlight three themes that
connect diverse insights from the literature. First,
characterizing a single unifying economic theory of privacy
is hard, because privacy issues of economic relevance arise
in widely diverse contexts. Second, there are theoretical
and empirical situations where the protection of privacy can
both enhance and detract from individual and societal
welfare. Third, in digital economies, consumers' ability to
make informed decisions about their privacy is severely
hindered because consumers are often in a position of
imperfect or asymmetric information regarding when their
data is collected, for what purposes, and with what
consequences. We conclude the article by highlighting some
of the ongoing issues in the privacy debate of interest to
economists. (JEL D82, D83, G20, I10, L13, M31,
M37).},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.54.2.442},
Key = {fds322437}
}
@article{fds331068,
Author = {Chavez, H and Taylor, CR and Rodríguez-Kábana,
R},
Title = {Population dynamics and interactions between plant parasitic
and non-parasitic nematodes: An empirical
analysis},
Journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},
Volume = {78},
Pages = {11-17},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.02.002},
Abstract = {Non-linear regression models were used to estimate the
effect of own and other taxa previous population levels,
nitrogen application, and crop rotation on population
dynamics of Mononchidae, Dorylaimidae, microbivorous
(Rhabditidae), lance (Hoplolaimus galeatus), spiral
(Helicotylencus dihystera), stubby root (Paratrichodorus
minor), lesion (Pratylenchus zeae), and cotton root-knot
(Meloigogyne incognita) nematodes using data from the
Cullars rotation, which is the oldest soil fertility
experiment in the Southern United States. Because field
experimental data was used, a spatial component was included
as populations in one plot were proved to be related to the
population level of their neighbors. Own previous levels
were found to be very important for all eight groups of
nematodes (all groups' current population relied heavily on
its own previous population value) and all the groups had an
interaction effect with at least one other group. Lesion and
cotton root-knot nematodes were found to be competitive
while Mononchidae, Dorylaimidae, microbivorous and lance
nematodes were non-competitive. All the populations showed
high seasonality patterns having lower populations during
winter, to then remain steady until September-October when
there is a significant increase in the population of cotton
root-knot, Dorylaimidae, microbivorous, and lesion
nematodes. Nitrogen had a positive effect on Mononchidae,
microbivorous, spiral, and cotton root-knot nematodes. The
use of clover after cotton in the rotation crop program
proved to be significantly better in reducing plant
parasitic nematodes compared to other treatments. © 2014
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.02.002},
Key = {fds331068}
}
@article{fds239001,
Author = {Taylor, C and Wagman, L},
Title = {Consumer privacy in oligopolistic markets: Winners, losers,
and welfare},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {80-84},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0167-7187},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2014.02.010},
Abstract = {Motivated by the unprecedented availability of consumer
information on the Internet, we characterize the winners and
losers from potential privacy regulation in the context of
four commonly-used oligopoly models: a linear city model, a
circular city model, a vertical differentiation model, and a
multi-unit symmetric demand model. We show that while there
are winners and losers as a result of privacy enforcement,
the parties who stand to benefit and the parties who stand
to lose, as well as whether social welfare is enhanced or
diminished, largely depends on the specific economic setting
under consideration. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2014.02.010},
Key = {fds239001}
}
@article{fds331069,
Author = {Moss, DL and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Short ends of the stick: The plight of growers and consumers
in concentrated agricultural supply chains},
Journal = {Wisconsin Law Review},
Volume = {2014},
Number = {2},
Pages = {337-368},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Competition in U.S. agricultural markets has been shaped and
reshaped over the course of decades by a number of factors.
These include long-standing statutory exemptions from the
U.S. antitrust laws for some forms of agricultural business
organizations, changes in regulation, advances in
technology, the rise of intellectual property protection,
and globalization. More recent changes, however, have
fundamentally altered the landscapes of domestic and global
agricultural markets. This has been driven largely by
horizontal and vertical consolidation, which has created
tight oligopolies and by the emergence of powerful players
at critical stages in increasingly complex agricultural
supply chains.},
Key = {fds331069}
}
@article{fds325457,
Author = {Krishna, RV and Lopomo, G and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Stairway to heaven or highway to hell: Liquidity, sweat
equity, and the uncertain path to ownership},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-127},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325457}
}
@article{fds239003,
Author = {Burke, JM and Taylor, CR and Wagman, L},
Title = {Information acquisition in competitive markets: An
application to the US mortgage market},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {65-106},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1945-7669},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000310452000003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {How do price commitments impact the amount of information
firms acquire about potential customers? We examine this
question in the context of a competitive market where firms
search for information that may disqualify applicants.
Contracts are incomplete because the amount of information
acquired cannot be observed. Despite competition, we find
that firms search for too much information in equilibrium.
If price discrimination is prohibited, members of high-risk
groups suffer disproportionately high rejection rates. If
rejected applicants remain in the market, the resulting
adverse selection can be severe. We apply the results to the
US mortgage market.},
Doi = {10.1257/mic.4.4.65},
Key = {fds239003}
}
@article{fds239018,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Taylor, CR and Wagman, L},
Title = {Hide and seek: Costly consumer privacy in a market with
repeat purchases},
Journal = {Marketing Science},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-292},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0732-2399},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1110.0691},
Abstract = {When a firm can recognize its previous customers, it may use
information about their past purchases to price
discriminate. We study a model with a monopolist and a
continuum of heterogeneous consumers, where consumers have
the ability to maintain their anonymity and avoid being
identified as past customers, possibly at a cost. When
consumers can freely maintain their anonymity, they all
individually choose to do so, which results in the highest
profit for the monopolist. Increasing the cost of anonymity
can benefit consumers but only up to a point, after which
the effect is reversed. We show that if the monopolist or an
independent third party controls the cost of anonymity, it
often works to the detriment of consumers. © 2012
INFORMS.},
Doi = {10.1287/mksc.1110.0691},
Key = {fds239018}
}
@article{fds239017,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Subjective performance and the value of blind
evaluation},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {762-794},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdq005},
Abstract = {The incentive and project selection effects of agent
anonymity are investigated in a setting where an evaluator
observes a subjective signal of project quality. Although
the evaluator cannot commit ex ante to an acceptance
criterion, she decides up front between informed review,
where the agent's ability is directly observable, or blind
review, where it is not. An ideal acceptance criterion
balances the goals of incentive provision and project
selection. Relative to this, informed review results in an
excessively steep equilibrium acceptance policy: the
standard applied to low-ability agents is too stringent and
the standard applied to high-ability agents is too lenient.
Blind review, in which all types face the same standard,
often provides better incentives, but it ignores valuable
information for selecting projects. The evaluator prefers a
policy of blind (respectively informed) review when the
ability distribution puts more weight on high (respectively
low) types, the agent's pay-off from acceptance is high
(respectively low), or the quality signal is precise
(respectively imprecise). Applications discussed include the
admissibility of character evidence in criminal trials and
academic refereeing. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdq005},
Key = {fds239017}
}
@misc{fds324695,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Conitzer, V and Wagman, L},
Title = {Online Privacy and Price Discrimination},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {When a firm is able to recognize its previous customers, it
may use information about their purchase histories to price
discriminate. We analyze a model with a monopolist and a
continuum of heterogeneous consumers, where consumers are
able to maintain their anonymity and avoid being identified
as past customers, possibly at an (exogenous) cost. When
consumers can costlessly maintain their anonymity, they all
individually choose to do so, which paradoxically results in
the highest profit for the firm. Increasing the cost of
anonymity can benefit consumers, but only up to a point,
after which the effect is reversed.},
Key = {fds324695}
}
@article{fds239016,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Public information and electoral bias},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {353-375},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2009.06.007},
Abstract = {We present a theory of voting that predicts that elections
are more likely to be close, and voter turnout is more
likely to be high when citizens possess better public
information about the composition of the electorate. These
findings suggest that providing more information to
potential voters about aggregate political preferences
(e.g., through pre-election polls or expert forecasts) may
undermine the democratic process. Our analysis reveals that
if the distribution of political preferences is common
knowledge, then the unique type-symmetric equilibrium leads
to a stark neutrality result in which each alternative is
equally likely to win the election. By contrast, when
citizens are ignorant about the preference distribution, the
majority is more likely to win the election and expected
voter turnout is lower. Welfare is, therefore, unambiguously
higher when citizens possess less information about the
preference distribution. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2009.06.007},
Key = {fds239016}
}
@article{fds335435,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A unified analysis of rational voting with private values
and group-specific costs},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {457-471},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2010.02.008},
Abstract = {We provide a unified analysis of the canonical rational
voting model with privately known political preferences and
costs of voting. Focusing on type-symmetric equilibrium, we
show that for small electorates, members of the minority
group vote with a strictly higher probability than do those
in the majority, but the majority is strictly more likely to
win the election. As the electorate size grows without
bound, equilibrium outcome is completely determined by the
individuals possessing the lowest cost of voting in each
political group. We relate our equilibrium characterization
to Myerson's Poisson games, and examine the potential
uniqueness of equilibrium. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2010.02.008},
Key = {fds335435}
}
@article{fds324696,
Author = {Conitzer, V and Taylor, CR and Wagman, L},
Title = {Who Benefits from Online Privacy?},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds324696}
}
@article{fds239015,
Author = {Burke, J and Taylor, CR},
Title = {What's in a poll? Incentives for truthful reporting in
pre-election opinion surveys},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {137},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {221-244},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-008-9322-x},
Abstract = {We examine the ability of pre-election polls to aggregate
information about voter preferences. We show that if the
electorate is small and voting costs are negligible, then an
equilibrium exists in which citizens report their true
political preferences. If the electorate is large or voting
costs are significant, however, then no such equilibrium
exists because poll respondents possess incentives to
influence the voting behavior of others by misreporting
their true preferences. We find that when a truthful
equilibrium does exist, a poll can raise expected welfare by
discouraging turnout among members of the minority. © 2008
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-008-9322-x},
Key = {fds239015}
}
@article{fds239014,
Author = {Loginova, O and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Price Experimentation with Strategic Buyers},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {165-187},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1434-4742},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-008-0048-5},
Abstract = {A two-period model in which a monopolist endeavors to learn
about the permanent demand parameter of a specific repeat
buyer is investigated. The buyer may strategically reject
the seller's first-period offer for one of two reasons.
First, in order to conceal information (i.e., to pool), a
high-valuation buyer may reject high prices that would never
be accepted by a low-valuation buyer. Second, in order to
reveal information (i.e., to signal), a low-valuation buyer
may reject low prices that would always be accepted by a
high-valuation buyer. Given this, the seller often finds it
optimal to post prices that reveal no useful information.
Indeed, in the equilibrium where there is no signaling, the
seller never charges an informative first-period price.
Learning may occur in the equilibrium where there is maximal
signaling, but the scope for learning is quite limited even
in this case. Indeed, in order to preempt information
transmission through signaling, the seller may be induced to
set a first-period price strictly below the buyer's lowest
possible valuation. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-008-0048-5},
Key = {fds239014}
}
@article{fds239013,
Author = {Burton, DM and Love, HA and Ozertan, G and Taylor,
CR},
Title = {Property rights protection of biotechnology
innovations},
Journal = {Journal of Economics and Management Strategy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {779-812},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1058-6407},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2005.00083.x},
Abstract = {Protection of intellectual property embedded in
self-replicating biological innovations, such as genetically
modified seed, presents two problems for the innovator: the
need for copy protection of intellectual property and price
competition between new seed and reproduced seed. We
consider three regimes in two periods with asymmetric
information: short-term contracts, biotechnological
protection, and long-term contracts. We find that piracy
imposes more intense competition for seed sales than does
durability alone. Technology protection systems yield
highest firm profit and long-term contracts outperform
short-term contracts. Farmers prefer, in order, long-term,
short-term, and biotechnical protection. Depending on
monitoring cost, long-term contracts may be socially
preferred to short-term contracts, with both preferred to
biotechnical protection. © 2005 Blackwell
Publishing.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1530-9134.2005.00083.x},
Key = {fds239013}
}
@misc{fds324697,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Re-examining Voter Turnout in Large Elections},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/Papers/PDF/reexamining_turnout.pdf},
Abstract = {A well-known shortcoming of rational voter models is that
the equilibrium probability that an individual votes
converges to zero as the population of citizens tends to
infinity. We show that this does not -- as is often
suggested -- imply that equilibrium voter turnout is
insignificant in the limit. We characterize limiting
equilibrium turnout and show that it may actually be
arbitrarily large. Indeed, expected equilibrium turnout is
shown to be closely approximated by 1/(2*pi*b2), where b is
the lowest possible realization of an individual's voting
cost.},
Key = {fds324697}
}
@article{fds239010,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Consumer privacy and the market for customer
information},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {631-650},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2627 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {I investigate consumer privacy and the market for customer
information in electronic retailing. The value of customer
information derives from the ability of Internet firms to
identify individual consumers and charge them personalized
prices. I study two settings, a confidential regime in which
the sale of customer information is not possible, and a
disclosure regime in which one firm may compile and sell a
customer list to another firm that uses it to price
discriminate. Welfare comparisons depend critically on
whether consumers anticipate sale of the list and on demand
elasticity. Copyright © 2004, RAND.},
Doi = {10.2307/1593765},
Key = {fds239010}
}
@article{fds239019,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Loginova, O},
Title = {"Price Experimentation when Consumers Are
Strategic"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds239019}
}
@article{fds324698,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Privacy in Competitive Markets},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324698}
}
@misc{fds331070,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {The role of risk versus the role of uncertainty in economic
systems},
Journal = {Agricultural Systems},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {251-264},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00068-9},
Abstract = {Frank Knight made an important distinction between risk and
uncertainty - a distinction that continues to be blurred in
economists' writings to this day. At one extreme is pure
risk where probabilities can be numerically assigned exactly
from objective, physical data. This is actuarial risk. At
the other extreme is pure uncertainty, which Knight claimed
is unanalyzeable. Random variables for many economic
problems appear to fall somewhere between these two
extremes, but in the rapidly changing global economic
system, random variables appear to be characterized by more
and more uncertainty. Yet, methods and methodology typically
employed in theoretical and empirical analyses of economic
systems were developed for the case of pure risk then
imposed on problems characterized by uncertainty. Systems
modelers need to better recognize the uncertainty dimension
of many problems, including the role of uncertainty in the
potential instability of market systems and in Knightian
welfare economics. New methods and methodology may be
required to properly model uncertainty. © 2002 Published by
Elsevier Science Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00068-9},
Key = {fds331070}
}
@article{fds239012,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Supplier surfing: Competition and consumer behavior in
subscription markets},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {223-246},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Summer},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2634 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {I explore the practice of offering subscribers enticements
to switch suppliers. This type of competition is natural in
subscription markets for homogeneous goods and services.
Efficiency is impaired because subscribers are induced to
expend resources changing suppliers. Subscription markets
are fully competitive only when three or more firms serve
the industry. In this case, the price offered to switchers
is below cost, while nonswitchers pay a premium. Each firm
earns rent on its customer base, but zero expected profit on
each new subscriber it attracts. When firms can track
switching behavior, consumers may change suppliers in order
to establish reputations.},
Doi = {10.2307/1593715},
Key = {fds239012}
}
@article{fds324699,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Private Demands and Demands For Privacy: Dynamic Pricing and
the Market for Customer Information},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds324699}
}
@article{fds239011,
Author = {Rupp, NG and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Who initiates recalls and who cares? Evidence from the
automobile industry},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {123-149},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6451.00171},
Abstract = {In this paper, we investigate two questions. First, we
explore which entity (the NHTSA or the manufacturer) is more
likely to initiate a given auto safety recall campaign.
Second, we analyze the determinants of owner response rates
to safety recalls. Our data spans nineteen years (1980-1998)
for the six largest auto manufacturers. We find evidence
that the government initiates larger, less hazardous recalls
involving older models and financially weak firms.
Inexpensive recalls are more likely to be manufacturer
initiated. The largest owner repair responses are associated
with newsworthy hazardous defects of new domestic vehicles
in their inaugural model year.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-6451.00171},
Key = {fds239011}
}
@article{fds239008,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Indirect damages from price fixing: The Alabama lysine
case},
Journal = {Review of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-43},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026518028305},
Abstract = {Indirect damages to broiler and pork producers from
supra-competitive pricing of synthetic lysine, which is an
important feed additive, are discussed in this article.
Indirect damages occur in fundamentally different ways in
the two industries because the broiler industry is
vertically integrated while the pork industry was dominated
by independent producers during the 1992-1995 time period.
Pass-through of higher lysine prices to hog feed purchasers
is demonstrated with regression analysis of purchases of a
feed premix containing synthetic lysine and a regression
analysis of purchases of synthetic lysine from feed
dealers.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1026518028305},
Key = {fds239008}
}
@article{fds239009,
Author = {Jeitschko, TD and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Local discouragement and global collapse: A theory of
coordination avalanches},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Number = {1},
Pages = {208-224},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1715 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We study a dynamic game in which all players initially
possess the same information and coordinate on a high level
of activity. Eventually, players with a long string of bad
experiences become inactive. This prospect can cause a
coordination avalanche in which all activity in the
population stops. Coordination avalanches are part of
Pareto-efficient equilibria; they can occur at any point in
the game; their occurrence does not depend on the true state
of nature; and allowing players to exchange information may
merely hasten their onset. We present applications to search
markets, organizational meltdown, and inefficient computer
upgrades.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.91.1.208},
Key = {fds239009}
}
@article{fds239007,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {The old-boy network and the young-gun effect},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {871-891},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2354.00088},
Abstract = {A model of an exclusive group or class whose membership is
governed by personal contact and interaction is studied.
Members of this old-boy network attempt to shield themselves
from transacting with opportunistic or incompetent
individuals by dealing only infrequently with unproven
nonmembers. This injures the unproven but qualified agents
not in the network. Moreover, because recruitment of a new
member creates a public good for network members, too little
recruiting is performed in equilibrium.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-2354.00088},
Key = {fds239007}
}
@article{fds331071,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Rodríguez-Kábana, R},
Title = {Optimal rotation of peanuts and cotton to manage soil-borne
organisms},
Journal = {Agricultural Systems},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-68},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(99)00034-7},
Abstract = {Damage from the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria)
and Southern blight (white mold) fungus (Sclerotium rolfsii)
are principal yield-limiting factors in the production of
peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) in the USA. Both are widespread
in the southeastern USA and yield losses caused by them can
be severe. Both organisms can be suppressed by pesticides,
but both can also be suppressed by rotation with cotton and
certain other crops. This article presents a stochastic
dynamic programming model that maximizes the expected
present value of profit over a multi-year planning horizon
with production of peanuts and cotton, accounting for: (1)
the stochastic population dynamics of the peanut root-knot
nematode, Southern blight fungus, and beneficial
microbivorous nematodes; (2) the stochastic market prices
for cotton and peanuts; and (3) land use in each of the
previous 2 years. Expected profit from this seven-state
variable dynamic programming model is compared to expected
profit for monoculture peanuts, monoculture cotton, three
fixed rotations, and a myopic, but flexible, rotation.
Comparison of expected returns for these decision models
indicates that an information-based strategy - the optimal
dynamic strategy or the myopic strategy is better than any
of the fixed rotations. The myopic strategy results in
expected profits almost as high as the optimal strategy for
this particular problem. Since a myopic strategy is much
more easily computed and more easily explained to producers,
it has much more promise for adoption than
difficult-to-understand results from a stochastic dynamic
programming model.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0308-521X(99)00034-7},
Key = {fds331071}
}
@article{fds331072,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Rodríguez-Kábana, R},
Title = {Population dynamics and crop yield effects of nematodes and
white mold in peanuts, cotton and velvet
beans},
Journal = {Agricultural Systems},
Volume = {59},
Number = {2},
Pages = {177-191},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(98)00089-4},
Abstract = {Dynamic population equations for the root-knot nematode
(Meloidogyne arenaria), Southern blight ('white mold')
fungus (Sclerotium rolfsii), and microbivorous nematodes in
peanuts, cotton, and the Alabama velvet bean were
statistically estimated with replicated experimental data
from Headland, AL, USA. The level of microbivorous nematodes
the previous crop year was found to suppress the root-knot
nematode and white mold in peanuts the following crop year
in monoculture peanut production and in peanuts after velvet
beans. Statistical results showed that both the root-knot
nematode and white mold had a negative effect on peanut
yield, while microbivorous nematodes had a positive effect
on peanut and cotton yields. Scientific knowledge of these
organisms does not fully explain the results, but the
statistical results strongly suggest that these
relationships exist. On the basis of statistical results for
peanuts, each white mold occurrence (in a 60-ft row) cost
$21.41, each root-knot nematode (in 100-cm3 soil sample)
cost $0.41, and each microbivorous nematode (in 100-cm3 soil
sample) had a benefit of $0.11. In cotton production,
microbivorous nematodes had a benefit of
$0.13.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0308-521X(98)00089-4},
Key = {fds331072}
}
@article{fds239006,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Time-on-the-market as a sign of quality},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {555-578},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-937X.00098},
Abstract = {The inferences a prospective home buyer can make about the
quality of a house from the amount of time it spends on the
market and the seller's optimal strategy in light of these
inferences are investigated. Depending upon the information
structure, the seller may have an incentive to post an
inordinately high initial price (in order to "dampen" the
signal transmitted to future prospective buyers) or an
inordinately low initial price (in order to make an early
sale and avoid consumer "herding"). It is shown that the
sellers of high-quality homes do best when inspection
outcomes are publicly recorded and do worst when inspection
outcomes are not public and the price history is not
observable. Costly inspections create more adverse selection
but deter consumer herding. © 1999 The Review of Economic
Studies Limited.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-937X.00098},
Key = {fds239006}
}
@article{fds239004,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Wiggins, SN},
Title = {Competition or Compensation: Supplier Incentives under the
American and Japanese Subcontracting Systems},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {87},
Number = {4},
Pages = {598-618},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1722 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Two fundamentally different subcontracting systems arise as
distinct solutions to the quality control problem facing an
input buyer. The "American" system involves competitive
bidding on each contract, large orders, and inspections. The
"Japanese" system involves repeat purchases from a supplier
who earns a premium, small orders, and no inspections. Both
systems may coexist as local solutions, but the global
optimum is determined by the ratio of set-up to inspection
costs. This suggests that the adoption of flexible
manufacturing equipment and rising product complexity may be
responsible for the shift from the American to the Japanese
system observed in many industries. (JEL L14, L15, and
L22).},
Key = {fds239004}
}
@article{fds322438,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {The long side of the market and the short end of the stick:
Bargaining power and price formation in buyers’,
sellers’, and balanced markets},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {110},
Number = {3},
Pages = {837-855},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2946701},
Abstract = {The determinants of bargaining power and price formation in
a dynamic exchange market where new traders enter randomly
over time are studied. When agents on the long side of the
market possess the option to wait for the arrival of future
partners, the terms of trade in the spot market must honor
the value of this option. The equilibrium terms of trade are
expressed in intuitive closed-form equations that highlight
the distinct influences of short-run spot-market conditions
and long-run market demographics. © 1995 by the President
and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.2307/2946701},
Key = {fds322438}
}
@article{fds331073,
Author = {Novak, FS and Armstrong, GW and Taylor, CR and Bauer,
L},
Title = {An analysis of alternative cropping decision
rules},
Journal = {Agricultural Systems},
Volume = {46},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-31},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521X(94)90167-E},
Abstract = {The research reported here measures the effects on the
probability distribution of the present value of after-tax
income of several different cropping decision systems in
Alberta. Dynamic flex-cropping decision rules generate
higher levels of returns and less downside risk than all
other alternatives considered here. Dynamic decision models
which ignore taxes and the stochastic dynamic nature of
prices produce suboptimal results relative to models which
consider these factors and relative to a fixed rotation
decision rule. This suggests that careful attention must be
paid to the factors included in these models if they are to
generate rules which will improve the risk-return trade-off
for farm managers. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0308-521X(94)90167-E},
Key = {fds331073}
}
@article{fds335436,
Author = {Duffy, PA and Taylor, CR and Cain, DL and Young, GJ},
Title = {The economic value of farm program base},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {318-329},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146532},
Abstract = {Mixed integer programming and dynamic programming models
were used to obtain the implicit economic value of the
initial endowment of base acreage on a cotton farm. While
low levels of initial base have almost no impact on land
value, high levels can be worth a considerable premium, with
the implicit value of additional initial base endowment
increasing at an increasing rate. This pattern of increasing
implicit value can be explained by provisions of the farm
program allowing base to be created by a landowner who
develops a planting history in a program commodity.
-Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/3146532},
Key = {fds335436}
}
@article{fds239005,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Delivery-contingent contracts for research},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {188-203},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {8756-6222},
Key = {fds239005}
}
@article{fds331074,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Novak, FS},
Title = {Optimal Flex Cropping and Storage of Spring Wheat under a
Progressive Income Tax},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne
d'agroeconomie},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {369-384},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1992.tb03702.x},
Abstract = {This article presents two versions of a stochastic dynamic
programming model: one version is used to obtain the optimal
decision rule for flex cropping of spring wheat assuming
sale of grain at harvest, while the second version is used
to obtain the jointly optimal decision rule for flex
cropping and storage of spring wheat. The objective function
for the model is the expected present value of after‐tax
income. The first version of the model illustrates that the
flex cropping strategy that maximizes the present value of
after‐tax income differs from the strategy that maximizes
the present value of before‐tax income. The second model
illustrates that production and grain‐storage marketing
decision rules are inseparable under a progressive income
tax. That is, the optimal flex cropping strategy assuming
sale of grain at harvest differs substantially from the flex
cropping strategy when grain storage is permitted. L'article
propose deux versions d'un modèle de programmation
dynamique stochastique: I'une est utilisée pour obtenir la
décision optimale d'emblaver ou non en blé de printemps en
prévision de la vente du grain à la moisson, I'autre
recherchant une décision optimale d'assolement du blé avec
intention de stocker à la récolte. La fonction objective
du modèle est la valeur actuelle attendue du revenu après
taxe. La première version révéle que la stratégic
d'assolement axée sur une valeur actuelle maximale après
imposition, diffère de celle qui est axée sur la valeur
actuelle du revenu avant impostion. Le second modèle montre
que les décisions de production et de vente ou de stockage
du grain sont inséparables dans un régime d'imposition
progressive. C'est‐à‐dire que la stratégie optimale
axée sur la vente à la moisson est sensiblement
différente de celle qui suppose le stockage du grain à la
récolte. Copyright © 1992, Wiley Blackwell. All rights
reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7976.1992.tb03702.x},
Key = {fds331074}
}
@article{fds331075,
Author = {Penson, JB and Taylor, CR},
Title = {United States agriculture and the general economy: Modeling
their interface},
Journal = {Agricultural Systems},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-66},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521X(92)90004-8},
Abstract = {Models of the US farm business sector typically assume
specific trends in the macroeconomy when projecting economic
impacts. Implicit in the use of exogenized macroeconomic
variables is the assumption that events taking place in
agriculture do not affect the macroeconomy. This assumption
may not be valid for major shocks to the farm business
sector or to the general economy. This article presents an
overview of the linkages between the US farm sector and the
general economy that underlie AG + GEM, which is a
large-scale econometric-simulation model. Estimates of the
aggregate economic impacts of banning most agricultural
pesticides are presented to illustrate macroeconomic
linkages. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0308-521X(92)90004-8},
Key = {fds331075}
}
@article{fds331076,
Author = {Tronstad, R and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Dynamically optimal after-tax grain storage, cash grain
sale, and hedging strategies},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {73},
Number = {1},
Pages = {75-88},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1242885},
Abstract = {This article utilizes a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP)
model that considers the state variables of (a) before-tax
income, (b) grain storage, (c) quantity of futures position,
(d) value of futures position, (e) wheat price, and (f)
basis level. Decision variables are monthly cash grain sales
and futures market transactions. In comparing the
post-sample performance of SDP to other marketing strategies
over a four-year period, SDP resulted in $5, 961 to $25, 021
more wealth than the other strategies considered. Also,
these other strategies yielded a standard deviation of
after-tax income that was 30% to 621% greater than that from
the SDP framework. © 1991 American Agricultural Economics
Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1242885},
Key = {fds331076}
}
@article{fds331077,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Two practical procedures for estimating multivariate
nonnormal probability density functions},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {72},
Number = {1},
Pages = {210-217},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1243160},
Abstract = {This article presents two procedures for empirically
estimating nonnormal joint probability density functions
(pdf’s) that are operational with small samples. One
procedure empirically estimates marginal distributions.
Estimated marginal distributions are then used to transform
variates to univariate normality; the transformed variates
are assumed to have a multivariate normal distribution. The
second approach exploits the identity that a joint
distribution is the product of a conditional pdf and a
marginal pdf. Conditional and marginal pdfs are individually
estimated with this approach. Statistical tests for
multivariate normality are also reviewed. © 1990 American
Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1243160},
Key = {fds331077}
}
@article{fds331078,
Author = {Novak, FS and Schnitkey, GD and Taylor, CR},
Title = {Intertemporal Portfolio Choices: An Application to
Agriculture},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne
d'agroeconomie},
Volume = {37},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1091-1091},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1989.tb00821.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7976.1989.tb00821.x},
Key = {fds331078}
}
@article{fds331079,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {Stochastic dynamic duality: Theory and empirical
applicability},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {351-357},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1240802},
Abstract = {This paper explores duality relationships for a broad class
of stochastic dynamic production problems. Assuming that the
decision maker maximizes the expected present value of
profit, it is shown that product supply, negative factor
demand, and negative quasifixed factor acquisition equations
cannot be directly obtained by partial differentiation of
the indirect profit function if price expectations have a
Markovian structure. Consequently, empirical application of
duality to many stochastic dynamic problems is quite complex
and may be more difficult than a primal approach to the
problem. © 1984 American Agricultural Economics
Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1240802},
Key = {fds331079}
}
@article{fds331080,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Burt, OR},
Title = {Near-Optimal Management Strategies for Controlling Wild Oats
in Spring Wheat},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-60},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1240615},
Abstract = {Near-optimal multiperiod decision rules for controlling wild
oats in spring wheat in north central Montana are presented
in this paper. Decision alternatives are fallow, use of a
preemergent or postemergent herbicide, and crop without use
of a herbicide. The near-optimal decision rules, which were
obtained from a partially decomposed stochastic dynamic
programming model, depend on density of wild oats seed in
the plow layer, whether the land was previously cropped or
fallow, soil moisture level, price of spring wheat, and
post-planting density of wild oats. © 1984 American
Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1240615},
Key = {fds331080}
}
@article{fds331081,
Author = {Collins, GS and Taylor, CR},
Title = {TECHSIM: a regional field crop and national livestock
econometric simulation model.},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics Research},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-18},
Year = {1983},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {TECHSIM evaluates impacts of technological change. It makes
practical use of theory by incorporating a priori
information regarding the structure of the agricultural
sectors modeled during estimation. It improves calculation
of welfare gains or losses resulting from technological
changes to agriculture. It provides policy-makers with
detailed welfare answers. Users need only supply changes in
yields and variable production costs.-from
Authors},
Key = {fds331081}
}
@article{fds331082,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Carlson, GA and Cooke, FT and Reichelderfer, KH and Starbird, IR},
Title = {Aggregate economic effects of alternative boll weevil
management strategies.},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics Research},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {19-28},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Presents an aggregate benefit-cost analysis of alternative
areawide boll weevil eradication and management strategies.
Economic efficiency effects of the programs were measured in
terms of consumer benefits, farm income, and public program
costs; TECHSIM was used to estimate market impacts of the
programs. Boll weevil eradication, combined with pest
management, was found to have the highest net social
benefits. However, this program also had the highest public
(taxpayer) costs. An optimum pest management alternative
without eradication had the highest benefit-cost ratio, but
had next to lowest net social benefits.-from
Authors},
Key = {fds331082}
}
@article{fds331083,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {The Nature of Benefits and Costs of Use of Pest Control
Methods},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {62},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1014-1015},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1240302},
Doi = {10.2307/1240302},
Key = {fds331083}
}
@article{fds331084,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Talpaz, H},
Title = {Approximately optimal carryover levels for wheat in the
United States},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {32-40},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1239497},
Abstract = {This paper presents results of stochastic simulations of
adherence to a first-period first-order certainty
equivalence decision rule for approximately optimal wheat
stocks in the United States. The decision rule is obtained
by maximizing a first-order approxi mation of the discounted
sum of expected producers' plus consumers' surplus less
storage costs over a long-time horizon. For comparative
purposes, stochastic simulations of the present system for
holding stocks are also given in the paper. Stock levels
under the present system were found to be higher than the
certainty equivalence stock levels. © 1978 by the American
Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.2307/1239497},
Key = {fds331084}
}
@article{fds335437,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {A regional market for rights to use fertilizer as a means of
achieving water quality standards},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-17},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(75)90017-0},
Abstract = {The attributes and effects of one possible arrangement of a
market for rights to use fertilizer are discussed in this
article. Because of some similarities in effect, this type
of policy is compared with the imposition of a fixed per
unit excise tax on fertilizer. Some empirical results for
the establishment of a market for rights to use nitrogen
fertilizer and for the imposition of a tax on nitrogen
fertilizer only in Illinois are presented. These results are
derived from a national spatial equilibrium model of crop
production in the United States. © 1976.},
Doi = {10.1016/0095-0696(75)90017-0},
Key = {fds335437}
}
@article{fds335438,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Headley, JC},
Title = {Insecticide resistance and the evaluation of control
strategies for an insect population},
Journal = {The Canadian Entomologist},
Volume = {107},
Number = {3},
Pages = {237-242},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/Ent107237-3},
Abstract = {The development of physiological resistance in insect
populations of agricultural and public health importance to
insecticides and other methods of control has taken on
proportions of increasing importance. In this paper, a
mathematical pest population model is presented which can be
used for dynamic economic and ecological evaluation of
alternative control strategies. Because of the unique nature
of pest populations, the model is not directly applicable to
all actual problems. However, the model is an illustration
of a whole class of models that promises to remove pest
control strategies from the category of ad hoc decisions.
For those empirical problems for which a benefit function
can be defined, dynamic programming is suggested as a method
for determining an optimal strategy over time. When it is
difficult or impossible to specify a benefit function, which
is frequently the case, it is suggested that Monte Carlo
techniques, applied to the pest control strategies of
interest, be used to determine the effects on the pest
population over time. © 1975, Entomological Society of
Canada. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.4039/Ent107237-3},
Key = {fds335438}
}
@article{fds335439,
Author = {Taylor, CR},
Title = {A production function model for aggregate time-series
data},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {1},
Pages = {122-123},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1238850},
Doi = {10.2307/1238850},
Key = {fds335439}
}
%% Thomas, Duncan
@article{fds373534,
Author = {Lawton, R and Frankenberg, E and Seeman, T and Crimmins, E and Sumantri,
C and Thomas, D},
Title = {Exposure to the Indian Ocean Tsunami shapes the HPA-axis
resulting in HPA "burnout" 14 years later.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {120},
Number = {44},
Pages = {e2306497120},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2306497120},
Abstract = {Despite significant research on the effects of stress on the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, questions remain
regarding long-term impacts of large-scale stressors.
Leveraging data on exposure to an unanticipated major
natural disaster, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, we provide
causal evidence of its imprint on hair cortisol levels
fourteen years later. Data are drawn from the Study of the
Tsunami Aftermath and Recovery, a population-representative
longitudinal study of tsunami survivors who were living
along the coast of Aceh, Indonesia, when the tsunami hit.
Annual rounds of data, collected before, the year after and
2 y after the disaster provide detailed information about
tsunami exposures and self-reported symptoms of
post-traumatic stress. Hair samples collected 14 y after the
tsunami from a sample of adult participants provide measures
of cortisol levels, integrated over several months. Hair
cortisol concentrations are substantially and significantly
lower among females who were living, at the time of the
tsunami, in communities directly damaged by the tsunami, in
comparison with similar females living in other, nearby
communities. Differences among males are small and not
significant. Cortisol concentrations are lowest among those
females living in damaged communities who reported elevated
post-traumatic stress symptoms persistently for two years
after the tsunami, indicating that the negative effects of
exposure were largest for them. Low cortisol is also
associated with contemporaneous reports of poor self-rated
general and psychosocial health. Taken together, the
evidence points to dysregulation in the HPA axis and
"burnout" among these females fourteen years after exposure
to the disaster.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2306497120},
Key = {fds373534}
}
@article{fds370860,
Author = {Ingwersen, N and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Evolution of Risk Aversion over Five Years after a Major
Natural Disaster.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {163},
Pages = {103095},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103095},
Abstract = {The impact of exposure to a major unanticipated natural
disaster on the evolution of survivors' attitudes toward
risk is examined, exploiting plausibly exogenous variation
in exposure to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in combination
with rich population-representative longitudinal survey data
spanning the five years after the tsunami. Respondents chose
among pairs of hypothetical income streams. Those directly
exposed to the tsunami made choices consistent with greater
willingness to take on risk relative to those not directly
exposed to the tsunami. These differences are short-lived:
starting a year later, there is no evidence of differences
in willingness to take on risk between the two groups. These
conclusions hold for tsunami-related exposures measured at
the individual and community level. Apparently, tsunami
survivors were inclined to assume greater financial risk in
the short-term while rebuilding their lives after the
disaster.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103095},
Key = {fds370860}
}
@misc{fds374344,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Sumantri, C and Thomas, D},
Title = {Understanding the Impacts of a Natural Disaster: Evidence
from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami},
Pages = {151-166},
Booktitle = {Island Ecosystems},
Publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
Year = {2023},
ISBN = {9783031280887},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28089-4_11},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-28089-4_11},
Key = {fds374344}
}
@article{fds365833,
Author = {Karlamangla, AS and Almeida, DM and Lachman, ME and Merkin, SS and Thomas, D and Seeman, TE},
Title = {Diurnal dynamic range as index of dysregulation of system
dynamics. A cortisol examplar using data from the Study of
Midlife in the United States.},
Journal = {Psychoneuroendocrinology},
Volume = {142},
Pages = {105804},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105804},
Abstract = {We discuss the importance of including measures of
dysregulated system dynamics in the operationalization of
allostatic load. The concept of allostatic load, as
originally proposed by McEwen and Stellar, included
dysregulation not only in the resting state of physiological
systems, but also in system dynamics. We describe previous
work on cortisol diurnal dynamic range (peak to nadir
spread) as an index of the health of the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with compression of
dynamic range being a marker of dysregulation. In
particular, we review the evidence for a) diurnal dynamic
range compression in people from disadvantaged backgrounds,
b) cross-sectional association of cortisol diurnal dynamic
range compression with dysregulation in other systems'
resting states, and c) cross-sectional association of
cortisol diurnal dynamic range compression with lower scores
on cognitive testing. Then, we present new data from the
Study of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) on
longitudinal associations of cortisol dynamic range
compression with subsequent cognitive decline and all-cause
mortality. Briefly, each standard deviation decrement in
cortisol diurnal dynamic range is associated with adjusted
mortality hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% confidence interval:
1.19, 1.54). Among those who scored at median or lower in
executive functioning at baseline and survive, each standard
deviation decrement in cortisol dynamic range is associated
with 1% greater decline in executive functioning over a
decade (95% confidence interval: 0.4%, 2.0%). We conclude
that including measures of system dynamics like diurnal
dynamic range in the next generation of allostatic load
measurement will likely advance understanding of the
cumulative physiological burden of chronic stress and life
experiences, and improve the prediction of future health
consequences.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105804},
Key = {fds365833}
}
@article{fds365834,
Author = {Beach, B and Brown, R and Ferrie, J and Saavedra, M and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Reevaluating the Long-Term Impact of In Utero Exposure to
the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.},
Journal = {The journal of political economy},
Volume = {130},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1963-1990},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/719757},
Abstract = {Almond (2006) argues that in utero exposure to the 1918
influenza pandemic reduced the 1919 birth cohort's adult
socioeconomic status (SES). We show that this cohort came
from lower-SES families, which is incompatible with Almond's
cohort-comparison identification strategy. The adult SES
deficit is reduced after background characteristics are
controlled for; it is small and statistically insignificant
in models that include household fixed effects. Replicating
Almond's state-level dose-response analysis, we find no
evidence in census data that influenza exposure reduced
adult SES. Evidence from a city-level dose-response analysis
on educational attainment using WWII enlistees from 287
cities is mixed.},
Doi = {10.1086/719757},
Key = {fds365834}
}
@article{fds364043,
Author = {Laurito, MM and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Effects of Housing Aid on Psychosocial Health after a
Disaster.},
Journal = {International journal of environmental research and public
health},
Volume = {19},
Number = {12},
Pages = {7302},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127302},
Abstract = {Little is known about whether the provision of aid in the
aftermath of a large-scale natural disaster affects
psychological well-being. We investigate the effects of
housing assistance, a key element of the reconstruction
program implemented after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
Population-representative individual-level longitudinal data
collected in Aceh, Indonesia, during the decade after the
tsunami as part of the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and
Recovery (STAR) are used. Housing aid was targeted to people
whose homes were destroyed and, to a lesser extent, damaged
by the tsunami and to those who lived, at the time of the
tsunami, in communities that sustained the greatest damage.
The effects of receipt of aid on post-traumatic stress
reactivity (PTSR) are examined using panel data models that
take into account observed and unobserved
individual-specific fixed characteristics that affect both
PTSR and aid receipt, drawing comparisons in each survey
wave between individuals who had been living in the same
<i>kecamatan</i> when the tsunami hit. Those who received
aid have better psychological health; the effects increase
with time since aid receipt and are the greatest at two
years or longer after the receipt. The effects are
concentrated among those whose homes were destroyed in the
tsunami.},
Doi = {10.3390/ijerph19127302},
Key = {fds364043}
}
@article{fds363907,
Author = {Thomas, D and Lawton, R and Brown, T and Kranton,
R},
Title = {Prevalence, severity and distribution of depression and
anxiety symptoms using observational data collected before
and nine months into the COVID-19 pandemic.},
Journal = {Lancet regional health. Americas},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {100009},
Year = {2021},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2021.100009},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic has been
accompanied by substantial increases in adverse mental
health, particularly among the young. However, it remains
unclear to what extent increases in population scores on
mental health assessments are due to changes in prevalence,
rather than severity of symptoms. Further, it is not obvious
that widely used assessments of aggregate symptoms retain
their typical interpretation during an event that directly
disrupts behavior.<h4>Methods</h4>Pre-pandemic data on
workers age 18-69y in the 2019 National Health Interview
Survey are reweighted to match distributions of demographic
characteristics of Duke University employees surveyed nine
months into the pandemic. The latter population was at low
risk of infection or economic insecurity. Prevalence,
severity, and scores for each of nine symptoms are compared
overall and by age group.<h4>Outcomes</h4>Elevated
psychological distress is primarily driven by increases in
prevalence of particular symptoms. Prevalence of trouble
concentrating increased six-fold from 9.6% to 72.5%. Other
symptoms increased by over one-third; feeling anxious,
having little interest, feeling depressed, sleep problems
and being irritable, while some symptoms rose only 10% or
less. Severity also increased but magnitudes are small
relative to prevalence changes. Escalation in prevalence and
severity are greatest for the youngest.<h4>Interpretation</h4>Some
of the least prevalent symptoms pre-pandemic became the most
prevalent during the pandemic, affecting interpretation of
indices validated pre-pandemic. Clinical and policy
interventions should focus on specific symptoms that
increased including trouble concentrating and
anxiety.<h4>Funding</h4>Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
and Social Science Research Institute at Duke
University.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.lana.2021.100009},
Key = {fds363907}
}
@article{fds350392,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Sumantri, C and Thomas, D},
Title = {Effects of a natural disaster on mortality risks over the
longer term.},
Journal = {Nature sustainability},
Volume = {3},
Number = {8},
Pages = {614-619},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0536-3},
Abstract = {Exposure to disasters and other extreme events is rising
across the globe but the impact on long-term mortality risks
of affected populations is not established. We examine how
mortality and individual-specific traumatic exposures at the
time of the disaster affect mortality risks of survivors
over the next ten years, using data from Aceh, Indonesia
collected before and after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami.
Across communities, the higher the percentage of individuals
killed in the tsunami, the lower the mortality rate for
adults over the next decade. However, among older adults
post-disaster mortality is elevated for males with poor
post-tsunami psychosocial health and for females whose
spouse died in the tsunami. Individual-specific tsunami
exposures do not affect mortality of younger adults within
the 10 year time frame. Whereas positive mortality selection
is evident for all adults, scarring is evident only for
older adults and is large enough to substantively counteract
the reductions in risk from positive mortality
selection.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41893-020-0536-3},
Key = {fds350392}
}
@article{fds348971,
Author = {LaFave, D and Peet, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Farm Profits, Prices and Household Behavior},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds348971}
}
@article{fds348972,
Author = {A. Rangel and M and Thomas, D},
Title = {Decision-Making in Complex Households},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds348972}
}
@article{fds325569,
Author = {Brown, R and Montalva, V and Thomas, D and Velásquez,
A},
Title = {Impact of violent crime on risk aversion: Evidence from the
mexican drug war},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {101},
Number = {5},
Pages = {892-904},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00788},
Abstract = {Whereas attitudes toward risk play an important role in many
decisions over the life course, factors that affect those
attitudes are not fully understood. Using longitudinal
survey data collected in Mexico before and during the
Mexican war on drugs, we investigate how risk attitudes
change with variation in insecurity and uncertainty brought
on by unprecedented changes in local-area violent crime.
Exploiting the fact that the timing, virulence, and spatial
distribution of changes in violent crime were unanticipated,
we establish there is a rise in risk aversion spread across
the entire local population as local-area violent crime
increases.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00788},
Key = {fds325569}
}
@article{fds336356,
Author = {Thomas, D and Seeman, T and Potter, A and Hu, P and Crimmins, E and Herningtyas, EH and Sumantri, C and Frankenberg,
E},
Title = {HPLC-based Measurement of Glycated Hemoglobin using Dried
Blood Spots Collected under Adverse Field
Conditions.},
Journal = {Biodemography and social biology},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-62},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2018.1451300},
Abstract = {Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays with venous blood and
dried blood spots (DBS) are compared for 143 paired samples
collected in Aceh, Indonesia. Relative to gold-standard
venous-blood values, DBS-based values reported by the HPLC
are systematically upward biased for HbA1c<8% and the
fraction diabetic (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) is overstated almost
five-fold. Inspection of chromatograms from DBS assays
indicates the % glycosylated calculated by the HPLC excludes
part of the hemoglobin A which is misidentified as a
hemoglobin variant. Taking this into account, unbiased
DBS-based values are computed using data from the
machine-generated chromatograms. When the DBS are collected
in a clinic-like setting, under controlled
humidity/temperature conditions, the recalculated values are
almost identical to venous-based values. When DBS are
collected under field conditions, the recalculated values
are unbiased, but only about half the HbA1c values are
measured reliably, calling into question the validity of the
other half. The results suggest that collection conditions,
particularly humidity, affect the quality of the DBS-based
measures. Cross-validating DBS-based HbA1c values with
venous samples collected under exactly the same
environmental conditions is a prudent investment in
population-based studies.},
Doi = {10.1080/19485565.2018.1451300},
Key = {fds336356}
}
@article{fds329003,
Author = {Ho, JY and Frankenberg, E and Sumantri, C and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Adult Mortality Five Years after a Natural
Disaster.},
Journal = {Population and development review},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {467-490},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/padr.12075},
Abstract = {Exposure to extreme events has been hypothesized to affect
subsequent mortality because of mortality selection and
scarring effects of the event itself. We examine survival at
and in the five years after the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
and tsunami for a population-representative sample of
residents of Aceh, Indonesia who were differentially exposed
to the disaster. For this population, the dynamics of
selection and scarring are a complex function of the degree
of tsunami impact in the community, the nature of individual
exposures, age at exposure, and gender. Among individuals
from tsunami-affected communities we find evidence for
positive mortality selection among older individuals, with
stronger effects for males than for females, and that this
selection dominates any scarring impact of stressful
exposures that elevate mortality. Among individuals from
other communities, where mortality selection does not play a
role, there is evidence of scarring with property loss
associated with elevated mortality risks in the five years
after the disaster among adults age 50 or older at the time
of the disaster.},
Doi = {10.1111/padr.12075},
Key = {fds329003}
}
@article{fds321974,
Author = {LaFave, D and Thomas, D},
Title = {Height and cognition at work: Labor market productivity in a
low income setting.},
Journal = {Economics and human biology},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {52-64},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2016.10.008},
Abstract = {Taller workers earn more, particularly in lower income
settings. It has been argued that adult height is a marker
of strength which is rewarded in the labor market; a proxy
for cognitive performance or other dimensions of human
capital such as school quality; a proxy for health status;
and a proxy for family background and genetic
characteristics. As a result, the argument goes, height is
rewarded in the labor market because it is an informative
signal of worker quality to an employer. It has also been
argued that the height premium is driven by occupational and
sectoral choice. This paper evaluates the relative
importance of these potential mechanisms underlying the link
between adult stature and labor market productivity in a
specific low income setting, rural Central Java, Indonesia.
Drawing on twelve waves of longitudinal survey data, we
establish that height predicts hourly earnings after
controlling education, multiple indicators of cognitive
performance and physical health status, measures of family
background, sectoral and occupational choice, as well as
local area market characteristics. The height premium is
large and significant in both the wage and self-employed
sectors indicating height is not only a signal of worker
quality to employers. Since adult stature is largely
determined in the first few years of life, we conclude that
exposures during this critical period have an enduring
impact on labor market productivity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ehb.2016.10.008},
Key = {fds321974}
}
@article{fds327861,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Human Capital and Shocks: Evidence on Education, Health and
Nutrition},
Journal = {NBER},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds327861}
}
@misc{fds328334,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Friedman, J and Ingwersen, N and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Linear child growth after a natural disaster: a longitudinal
study of the effects of the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami},
Journal = {LANCET},
Volume = {389},
Pages = {21-21},
Publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds328334}
}
@article{fds321975,
Author = {LaFave, D and Thomas, D},
Title = {Farms, Families, and Markets: New Evidence on Completeness
of Markets in Agricultural Settings.},
Journal = {Econometrica : journal of the Econometric
Society},
Volume = {84},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1917-1960},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta12987},
Abstract = {The farm household model has played a central role in
improving the understanding of small-scale agricultural
households and non-farm enterprises. Under the assumptions
that all current and future markets exist and that farmers
treat all prices as given, the model simplifies households'
simultaneous production and consumption decisions into a
recursive form in which production can be treated as
independent of preferences of household members. These
assumptions, which are the foundation of a large literature
in labor and development, have been tested and not rejected
in several important studies including Benjamin (1992).
Using multiple waves of longitudinal survey data from
Central Java, Indonesia, this paper tests a key prediction
of the recursive model: demand for farm labor is unrelated
to the demographic composition of the farm household. The
prediction is unambiguously rejected. The rejection cannot
be explained by contamination due to unobserved
heterogeneity that is fixed at the farm level, local area
shocks or farm-specific shocks that affect changes in
household composition and farm labor demand. We conclude
that the recursive form of the farm household model is not
consistent with the data. Developing empirically tractable
models of farm households when markets are incomplete
remains an important challenge.},
Doi = {10.3982/ecta12987},
Key = {fds321975}
}
@article{fds324346,
Author = {Ho, J and Frankenberg, E and Sumantri, C and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Adult Mortality Five Years after a Natural Disaster:
Evidence from the Indian Ocean Tsunami},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds324346}
}
@article{fds239021,
Author = {Elo, IT and Frankenberg, E and Gansey, R and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Africans in the American Labor Market.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {52},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1513-1542},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0417-y},
Abstract = {The number of migrants to the United States from Africa has
grown exponentially since the 1930s. For the first time in
America's history, migrants born in Africa are growing at a
faster rate than migrants from any other continent. The
composition of African-origin migrants has also changed
dramatically: in the mid-twentieth century, the majority
were white and came from only three countries; but today,
about one-fifth are white, and African-origin migrants hail
from across the entire continent. Little is known about the
implications of these changes for their labor market
outcomes in the United States. Using the 2000-2011 waves of
the American Community Survey, we present a picture of
enormous heterogeneity in labor market participation,
sectoral choice, and hourly earnings of male and female
migrants by country of birth, race, age at arrival in the
United States, and human capital. For example, controlling a
rich set of human capital and demographic characteristics,
some migrants-such as those from South Africa/Zimbabwe and
Cape Verde, who typically enter on employment visas-earn
substantial premiums relative to other African-origin
migrants. These premiums are especially large among males
who arrived after age 18. In contrast, other migrants-such
as those from Sudan/Somalia, who arrived more recently,
mostly as refugees-earn substantially less than migrants
from other African countries. Understanding the mechanisms
generating the heterogeneity in these outcomes-including
levels of socioeconomic development, language, culture, and
quality of education in countries of origin, as well as
selectivity of those who migrate-figures prominently among
important unresolved research questions.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-015-0417-y},
Key = {fds239021}
}
@misc{fds239022,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Ho, JY and Thomas, D},
Title = {Biological health risks and economic development},
Booktitle = {Oxford Handbook of Economics and Human Biology},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Editor = {Komlos, J and Kelly, IR},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {With populations aging and the epidemic of obesity spreading
across the globe, global health risks are shifting toward
non-communicable diseases. Innovative biomarker data from
recently conducted population-representative surveys in
lower, middle and higher income countries are used to
describe how four key biological health risks –
hypertension, cholesterol, glucose and inflammation – vary
with economic development and, within each country, with
age, gender and education. As obesity rises in lower income
countries, the burden of non-communicable diseases will rise
in roughly predictable ways and the costs to society are
potentially very large. Investigations that explain
cross-country differences in these relationships will have a
major impact on advancing understanding of the complex
interplay between biology, health and development.},
Key = {fds239022}
}
@misc{fds333803,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Laurito, MM and Thomas, D},
Title = {Demographic Impact of Disasters},
Pages = {101-108},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31059-5},
Abstract = {The frequency and magnitude of large-scale disasters in
recent years has prompted increased interest in better
understanding how major disruptive events alter key
demographic processes. This article summarizes evidence
establishing that disasters have significantly impacted
mortality, health, fertility, and migration. While these
processes are intimately interrelated, there have been
relatively few integrative analyses that draw the evidence
together, in large part because of inadequate data.
Investment in population data collection systems to provide
scientific evidence in the wake of disasters will broaden
the depth and scope of disaster research, advance
understanding of demographic changes, and inform policy
interventions.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31059-5},
Key = {fds333803}
}
@misc{fds333804,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Experimental Methods in Survey Research in
Demography},
Pages = {559-565},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral
Sciences: Second Edition},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780080970868},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31028-5},
Abstract = {Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been profitably
used to identify causal effects in population research.
However, the design and implementation of social experiments
is not straightforward and it is not clear that it is either
feasible or desirable to attempt to answer some questions in
population using only the so-called 'gold standard'
double-blind RCT. It seems likely that the integration of
the creative use of theory with the advantages of both RCTs
and nonexperimental study designs has the greatest hope of
advancing scientific knowledge about population behaviors
and processes.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31028-5},
Key = {fds333804}
}
@article{fds239023,
Author = {Nobles, J and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {The effects of mortality on fertility: population dynamics
after a natural disaster.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {52},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-38},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Abstract = {Understanding how mortality and fertility are linked is
essential to the study of population dynamics. We
investigate the fertility response to an unanticipated
mortality shock that resulted from the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami, which killed large shares of the residents of some
Indonesian communities but caused no deaths in neighboring
communities. Using population-representative multilevel
longitudinal data, we identify a behavioral fertility
response to mortality exposure, both at the level of a
couple and in the broader community. We observe a sustained
fertility increase at the aggregate level following the
tsunami, which was driven by two behavioral responses to
mortality exposure. First, mothers who lost one or more
children in the disaster were significantly more likely to
bear additional children after the tsunami. This response
explains about 13 % of the aggregate increase in fertility.
Second, women without children before the tsunami initiated
family-building earlier in communities where tsunami-related
mortality rates were higher, indicating that the fertility
of these women is an important route to rebuilding the
population in the aftermath of a mortality shock. Such
community-level effects have received little attention in
demographic scholarship.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0362-1},
Key = {fds239023}
}
@article{fds239024,
Author = {Hamoudi, A and Thomas, D},
Title = {Endogenous coresidence and program incidence: South Africa's
Old Age Pension.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {30-37},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.03.002},
Abstract = {We investigate whether living arrangements respond to an
arguably exogenous shift in the distribution of power in
family economic decision-making. In the early 1990s, the
South African Old Age Pension was expanded to cover most
black South Africans above a sex-specific age cut-off
resulting in a substantial increase in the income of older
South Africans and potentially their say in the economic
decisions of their families. Beneficiaries of the program
are more likely to coreside with adults who have less human
capital as measured by height and education. Since height
and education are fixed for adults, this cannot be an effect
of the pension income but reflects selective changes in
living arrangements resulting from the pension. The findings
highlight the endogeneity of living arrangements and
illustrate the potential value of moving beyond theory and
data that are confined to a spatially determined definition
of the household.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.03.002},
Key = {fds239024}
}
@article{fds239025,
Author = {Gray, C and Frankenberg, E and Gillespie, T and Sumantri, C and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large Scale
Survey Methods: Sumatra After the 2004 Tsunami.},
Journal = {Annals of the Association of American Geographers.
Association of American Geographers},
Volume = {104},
Number = {3},
Pages = {594-612},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0004-5608},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.892351},
Abstract = {Understanding of human vulnerability to environmental change
has advanced in recent years, but measuring vulnerability
and interpreting mobility across many sites differentially
affected by change remains a significant challenge. Drawing
on longitudinal data collected on the same respondents who
were living in coastal areas of Indonesia before the 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami and were re-interviewed after the
tsunami, this paper illustrates how the combination of
population-based survey methods, satellite imagery and
multivariate statistical analyses has the potential to
provide new insights into vulnerability, mobility and
impacts of major disasters on population well-being. The
data are used to map and analyze vulnerability to
post-tsunami displacement across the provinces of Aceh and
North Sumatra and to compare patterns of migration after the
tsunami between damaged areas and areas not directly
affected by the tsunami. The comparison reveals that
migration after a disaster is less selective overall than
migration in other contexts. Gender and age, for example,
are strong predictors of moving from undamaged areas but are
not related to displacement in areas experiencing damage. In
our analyses traditional predictors of vulnerability do not
always operate in expected directions. Low levels of
socioeconomic status and education were not predictive of
moving after the tsunami, although for those who did move,
they were predictive of displacement to a camp rather than a
private home. This survey-based approach, though not without
difficulties, is broadly applicable to many topics in
human-environment research, and potentially opens the door
to rigorous testing of new hypotheses in this
literature.},
Doi = {10.1080/00045608.2014.892351},
Key = {fds239025}
}
@article{fds239027,
Author = {Gillespie, TW and Frankenberg, E and Chum, KF and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Nighttime lights time series of tsunami damage, recovery,
and economic metrics in Sumatra, Indonesia.},
Journal = {Remote sensing letters (Print)},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {286-294},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {2150-704X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2150704x.2014.900205},
Abstract = {On 26 December 2004, a magnitude 9.2 earthquake off the west
coast of the northern Sumatra, Indonesia resulted in 160,000
Indonesians killed. We examine the Defense Meteorological
Satellite Program-Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS)
nighttime light imagery brightness values for 307
communities in the Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and
Recovery (STAR), a household survey in Sumatra from 2004 to
2008. We examined night light time series between the annual
brightness and extent of damage, economic metrics collected
from STAR households and aggregated to the community level.
There were significant changes in brightness values from
2004 to 2008 with a significant drop in brightness values in
2005 due to the tsunami and pre-tsunami nighttime light
values returning in 2006 for all damage zones. There were
significant relationships between the nighttime imagery
brightness and per capita expenditures, and spending on
energy and on food. Results suggest that Defense
Meteorological Satellite Program nighttime light imagery can
be used to capture the impacts and recovery from the tsunami
and other natural disasters and estimate time series
economic metrics at the community level in developing
countries.},
Doi = {10.1080/2150704x.2014.900205},
Key = {fds239027}
}
@article{fds239026,
Author = {Cas, AG and Frankenberg, E and Suriastini, W and Thomas,
D},
Title = {The Impact of Parental Death on Child Well-being: Evidence
From the Indian Ocean Tsunami},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {437-457},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13524-014-0279-8},
Abstract = {Identifying the impact of parental death on the well-being
of children is complicated because parental death is likely
to be correlated with other, unobserved factors that affect
child well-being. Population-representative longitudinal
data collected in Aceh, Indonesia, before and after the
December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami are used to identify the
impact of parental deaths on the well-being of children aged
9-17 at the time of the tsunami. Exploiting the
unanticipated nature of parental death resulting from the
tsunami in combination with measuring well-being of the same
children before and after the tsunami, models that include
child fixed effects are estimated to isolate the causal
effect of parental death. Comparisons are drawn between
children who lost one or both parents and children whose
parents survived. Shorter-term impacts on school attendance
and time allocation one year after the tsunami are examined,
as well as longer-term impacts on education trajectories and
marriage. Shorter- and longer-term impacts are not the same.
Five years after the tsunami, there are substantial
deleterious impacts of the tsunami on older boys and girls,
whereas the effects on younger children are more
muted.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13524-014-0279-8},
Key = {fds239026}
}
@article{fds239028,
Author = {Weaver, EH and Frankenberg, E and Fried, BJ and Thomas, D and Wheeler,
SB and Paul, JE},
Title = {Effect of village midwife program on contraceptive
prevalence and method choice in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Studies in family planning},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {389-409},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24323659},
Abstract = {Indonesia established its Village Midwife Program in 1989 to
combat high rates of maternal mortality. The program's goals
were to address gaps in access to reproductive health care
for rural women, increase access to and use of family
planning services, and broaden the mix of available
contraceptive methods. In this study, we use longitudinal
data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey to examine the
program's effect on contraceptive practice. We find that the
program did not affect overall contraceptive prevalence but
did affect method choice. Over time, for women using
contraceptives, midwives were associated with increased odds
of injectable contraceptive use and decreased odds of oral
contraceptive and implant use. Although the Indonesian
government had hoped that the Village Midwife Program would
channel women into using longer-lasting methods, the women's
"switching behavior" indicates that the program succeeded in
providing additional outlets for and promoting the use of
injectable contraceptives.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2013.00366.x},
Key = {fds239028}
}
@article{fds239033,
Author = {Beltrán-Sánchez, H and Thomas, D and Teruel, G and Wheaton, F and Crimmins, EM},
Title = {Links between socio-economic circumstances and changes in
smoking behavior in the Mexican population:
2002-2010.},
Journal = {Journal of cross-cultural gerontology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {339-358},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0169-3816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10823-013-9203-8},
Abstract = {While deleterious consequences of smoking on health have
been widely publicized, in many developing countries,
smoking prevalence is high and increasing. Little is known
about the dynamics underlying changes in smoking behavior.
This paper examines socio-economic and demographic
characteristics associated with smoking initiation and
quitting in Mexico between 2002 and 2010. In addition to the
influences of age, gender, education, household economic
resources and location of residence, changes in marital
status, living arrangements and health status are examined.
Drawing data from the Mexican Family Life Survey, a rich
population-based longitudinal study of individuals, smoking
behavior of individuals in 2002 is compared with their
behavior in 2010. Logistic models are used to examine
socio-demographic and health factors that are associated
with initiating and quitting smoking. There are three main
findings. First, part of the relationship between education
and smoking reflects the role of economic resources. Second,
associations of smoking with education and economic
resources differ for females and males. Third, there is
considerable heterogeneity in the factors linked to smoking
behavior in Mexico indicating that the smoking epidemic may
be at different stages in different population subgroups.
Mexico has recently implemented fiscal policies and public
health campaigns aimed at reducing smoking prevalence and
discouraging smoking initiation. These programs are likely
to be more effective if they target particular
socio-economic and demographic sub-groups.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10823-013-9203-8},
Key = {fds239033}
}
@article{fds239035,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Education, Vulnerability, and Resilience after a Natural
Disaster.},
Journal = {Ecology and society : a journal of integrative science for
resilience and sustainability},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {16},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1708-3087},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000321257100014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The extent to which education provides protection in the
face of a large-scale natural disaster is investigated.
Using longitudinal population-representative survey data
collected in two provinces on the island of Sumatra,
Indonesia, before and after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami,
we examine changes in a broad array of indicators of
well-being of adults. Focusing on adults who were living,
before the tsunami, in areas that were subsequently severely
damaged by the tsunami, better educated males were more
likely to survive the tsunami, but education is not
predictive of survival among females. Education is not
associated with levels of post-traumatic stress among
survivors 1 year after the tsunami, or with the likelihood
of being displaced. Where education does appear to play a
role is with respect to coping with the disaster over the
longer term. The better educated were far less likely than
others to live in a camp or other temporary housing, moving,
instead, to private homes, staying with family or friends,
or renting a new home. The better educated were more able to
minimize dips in spending levels following the tsunami,
relative to the cuts made by those with little education.
Five years after the tsunami, the better educated were in
better psycho-social health than those with less education.
In sum, education is associated with higher levels of
resilience over the longer term.},
Doi = {10.5751/es-05377-180216},
Key = {fds239035}
}
@article{fds239029,
Author = {Currie, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Introduction to "early test scores, school quality and ses:
Longrun effects on wage and employment outcomes"},
Journal = {Research in Labor Economics},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {181-183},
Publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0147-9121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S0147-9121(2012)0000035009},
Doi = {10.1108/S0147-9121(2012)0000035009},
Key = {fds239029}
}
@article{fds239078,
Author = {McKelvey, C and Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Fertility Regulation in an Economic Crisis.},
Journal = {Economic development and cultural change},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-38},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/666950},
Abstract = {Substantial international aid is spent reducing the cost of
contraception in developing countries, as part of a larger
effort to reduce global fertility and increase investment
per child worldwide. The importance for fertility behaviors
of keeping contraceptive prices low, however, remains
unclear. Targeting of subsidies and insufficient price
variation have hindered prior attempts to estimate the
effect of monetary and non-monetary contraceptive costs on
fertility behavior. Using longitudinal survey data from the
Indonesia Family Life Survey, we exploit dramatic variation
in prices and incomes that was induced by the economic
crisis in the late 1990s to pin down the effect of
contraceptive availability and costs as well as household
resources on contraceptive use and method choice. The
results are unambiguous: monetary costs of contraceptives
and levels of family economic resources have a very small
(and well-determined) impact on contraceptive use and choice
of method.},
Doi = {10.1086/666950},
Key = {fds239078}
}
@article{fds239037,
Author = {Beltran-Sanchez, H and Thomas, D and Wheaton, F and Crimmins,
E},
Title = {SMOKING ONSET AND CESSATION IN MEXICO},
Journal = {GERONTOLOGIST},
Volume = {51},
Pages = {391-391},
Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0016-9013},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000303602002452&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds239037}
}
@article{fds239082,
Author = {Beltrán-Sánchez, H and Crimmins, EM and Teruel, GM and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Links between childhood and adult social circumstances and
obesity and hypertension in the Mexican population.},
Journal = {Journal of aging and health},
Volume = {23},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1141-1165},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0898-2643},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264311422255},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study examines links between early
life circumstances and adult socioeconomic status and
obesity and hypertension in the adult Mexican
population.<h4>Method</h4>We use data from the Mexican
Family Life Survey (MxFLS) collected in 2002 for people aged
20 or older (N = 14,280).<h4>Results</h4>We found that men
with low education and women with more education have
significantly lower obesity. Women with higher education
also have significantly less hypertension. Obesity triples
the likelihood of hypertension among both men and women.
Better childhood experiences are associated with less
hypertension among women, but more hypertension among men in
rural areas.<h4>Discussion</h4>Recent changes in income,
nutrition, and infection in Mexico may be responsible for
the observed high prevalence of overweight and obesity and
the extremely high odds of hypertension among obese young
adults.},
Doi = {10.1177/0898264311422255},
Key = {fds239082}
}
@article{fds239076,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Gillespie, T and Preston, S and Sikoki, B and Thomas,
D},
Title = {MORTALITY, THE FAMILY AND THE INDIAN OCEAN
TSUNAMI.},
Journal = {Economic journal (London, England)},
Volume = {121},
Number = {554},
Pages = {F162-F182},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02446.x},
Abstract = {Over 130,000 people died in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
The correlates of survival are examined using data from the
Study of the Tsunami Aftermath and Recovery (STAR), a
population-representative survey collected in Aceh and North
Sumatra, Indonesia, before and after the tsunami. Children,
older adults and females were the least likely to survive.
Whereas socio-economic factors mattered relatively little,
the evidence is consistent with physical strength playing a
role. Pre-tsunami household composition is predictive of
survival and suggests that stronger members sought to help
weaker members: men helped their wives, parents and
children, while women helped their children.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02446.x},
Key = {fds239076}
}
@article{fds239034,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Global aging},
Pages = {73-89},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-380880-6.00006-X},
Abstract = {Social research on global aging is a rapidly growing field.
The goal of this chapter is to highlight emerging lines of
inquiry that are likely to have an important impact on
science and discusses challenges that have hindered
progress. The aggregate demographic features that drive
global aging are discussed. Current patterns and future
trends in low-income countries with respect to three
dimensions of aging: health; work and retirement; and living
arrangements and transfers are shown. Changes in age
structures have important implications for education and
work opportunities, taxation of earnings and wealth, savings
and insurance vehicles, and how earnings are taxed. Life
expectancy is largely driven by deaths at early ages and so
increases in life expectancy have presaged major shifts in
the global burden of disease. Biological markers of health
status have revolutionized research on population health,
but relying exclusively on those markers and health-related
behaviors limits progress on understanding global aging.
Efforts to conduct population-based studies that measure
other dimensions of health in the developing world have
increased knowledge of health conditions, particularly for
children and women of reproductive age. The evidence on the
health of men and older adults is more fragmented. The field
of global aging is in its infancy. It is an exciting area
for innovative research as it provides unparalleled
opportunities for making major contributions to both policy
and science. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-380880-6.00006-X},
Key = {fds239034}
}
@article{fds239063,
Author = {Rubalcava, L and Teruel, G and Thomas, D},
Title = {Investments, time preferences and public transfers paid to
women.},
Journal = {Economic development and cultural change},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {507-538},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0013-0079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/596617},
Abstract = {The literature suggests men and women may have different
preferences. This paper exploits a social experiment in
which women in treatment households were given a large
public cash transfer (PROGRESA). In an effort to disentangle
the effect of additional income in the household from the
effect of changing the distribution of income within the
household, the impact of PROGRESA income on savings and
investments decisions is compared with all other income
sources (after taking into account participation in the
program). Additional money in the hands of women is spent on
small livestock (which are traditionally managed and cared
for by women), improved nutrition and on child goods
(particularly clothing). Among single headed households,
PROGRESA income is not treated differently from other
income. Direct evidence on inter-temporal preferences
gathered in the Mexican Family Live Survey indicates that
women are more patient than males when thinking about the
future. Taken together, the results suggest that PROGRESA
income results in a shift in the balance of power within
households and women allocated more resources towards
investments in the future.},
Doi = {10.1086/596617},
Key = {fds239063}
}
@article{fds239064,
Author = {Friedman, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Psychological Health Before, During, and After an Economic
Crisis: Results from Indonesia, 1993 - 2000.},
Journal = {The World Bank economic review},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-76},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0258-6770},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhn013},
Abstract = {The 1997 Indonesian financial crisis resulted in severe
economic dislocation and political upheaval, and the
detrimental consequences for economic welfare, physical
health, and child education have been established in several
studies. The crisis also adversely impacted the
psychological well-being of the Indonesian population.
Comparing responses of the same individuals interviewed
before and after the crisis, we document substantial
increases in several different dimensions of psychological
distress among male and female adults across the entire age
distribution. In addition, the imprint of the crisis can be
seen in the differential impacts of the crisis on low
education groups, the rural landless, and residents in those
provinces that were most affected by the crisis. Elevated
levels of psychological distress persist even after
indicators of economic well-being such as household
consumption had returned to pre-crisis levels, suggesting
the deleterious effects of the crisis on the psychological
well-being of the Indonesian population may be longer
lasting than the impacts on economic well-being.},
Doi = {10.1093/wber/lhn013},
Key = {fds239064}
}
@article{fds239075,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Friedman, J and Gillespie, T and Ingwersen, N and Pynoos, R and Rifai, IU and Sikoki, B and Steinberg, A and Sumantri, C and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Mental health in Sumatra after the tsunami.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {98},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1671-1677},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18633091},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>We assessed the levels and correlates of
posttraumatic stress reactivity (PTSR) of more than 20,000
adult tsunami survivors by analyzing survey data from
coastal Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia.<h4>Methods</h4>A
population-representative sample of individuals interviewed
before the tsunami was traced in 2005 to 2006. We
constructed 2 scales measuring PTSR by using 7 symptom items
from the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Checklist-Civilian Version. One scale measured PTSR at the
time of interview, and the other measured PTSR at the point
of maximum intensity since the disaster.<h4>Results</h4>PTSR
scores were highest for respondents from heavily damaged
areas. In all areas, scores declined over time. Gender and
age were significant predictors of PTSR; markers of
socioeconomic status before the tsunami were not. Exposure
to traumatic events, loss of kin, and property damage were
significantly associated with higher PTSR
scores.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The tsunami produced
posttraumatic stress reactions across a wide region of Aceh
and North Sumatra. Public health will be enhanced by the
provision of counseling services that reach not only people
directly affected by the tsunami but also those living
beyond the area of immediate impact.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2007.120915},
Key = {fds239075}
}
@article{fds239062,
Author = {Stillman, S and Thomas, D},
Title = {Nutritional status during an economic crisis: Evidence from
Russia},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Volume = {118},
Number = {531},
Pages = {1385-1417},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02174.x},
Abstract = {Between 1996 and 1998, Russia experienced a spectacular
decline in economic activity which was followed by a
dramatic rebound between 1998 and 2000. We use panel data to
examine the impact of variation in household resources on
six dimensions of nutritional status, distinguishing
longer-run from short-term fluctuations in resources.
Nutritional status is very resilient to short-term variation
in household resources. Gross energy intake, adult weight
and child stature change very little as expenditure deviates
from its long-run average. Longer-run resources have a
substantively large, positive and significant effect on
energy intake, diet quality, adult weight and child stature.
The evidence indicates that individuals and households are
able to weather short-term fluctuations in economic
resources, at least in terms of maintaining body mass and
energy intake. © Journal compilation © 2008 by the Royal
Economic Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02174.x},
Key = {fds239062}
}
@misc{fds323828,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Comments on collecting and utilizing biological indicators
in social science surveys},
Pages = {149-155},
Booktitle = {Biosocial Surveys},
Publisher = {National Academies Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780309108676},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/11939},
Doi = {10.17226/11939},
Key = {fds323828}
}
@article{fds239061,
Author = {Rubalcava, LN and Teruel, GM and Thomas, D and Goldman,
N},
Title = {The healthy migrant effect: new findings from the Mexican
Family Life Survey.},
Journal = {American journal of public health},
Volume = {98},
Number = {1},
Pages = {78-84},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2006.098418},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>We used nationally representative
longitudinal data from the Mexican Family Life Survey to
determine whether recent migrants from Mexico to the United
States are healthier than other Mexicans. Previous research
has provided little scientific evidence that tests the
"healthy migrant" hypothesis.<h4>Methods</h4>Estimates were
derived from logistic regressions of whether respondents
moved to the United States between surveys in 2002 and 2005,
by gender and urban versus rural residence. Covariates
included physical health measurements, self-reported health,
and education measured in 2002. Our primary sample comprised
6446 respondents aged 15 to 29 years.<h4>Results</h4>Health
significantly predicted subsequent migration among females
and rural males. However, the associations were weak, few
health indicators were statistically significant, and there
was substantial variation in the estimates between males and
females and between urban and rural dwellers.<h4>Conclusions</h4>On
the basis of recent data for Mexico, the largest source of
migrants to the United States, we found generally weak
support for the healthy migrant hypothesis.},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2006.098418},
Key = {fds239061}
}
@misc{fds373604,
Author = {Strauss, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {HEALTH OVER THE LIFE COURSE},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {3375-3474},
Booktitle = {HANDBOOK OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, VOL 4},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-444-53100-1},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04054-5},
Doi = {10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04054-5},
Key = {fds373604}
}
@misc{fds373603,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Friedman, J and Saadah, F and Sikoki, B and Suriastini, W and Sumantri, C and Thomas, D},
Title = {Assessment of Health and Education Services in the Aftermath
of a Disaster},
Pages = {233-249},
Booktitle = {ARE YOU BEING SERVED: NEW TOOLS FOR MEASURING SERVICE
DELIVERY},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-8213-7185-5},
Key = {fds373603}
}
@misc{fds239060,
Author = {Strauss, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Chapter 54 Health over the Life Course},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {3375-3474},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Development Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444531001},
ISSN = {1573-4471},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04054-5},
Abstract = {In recent years, significant advances have been made in
better understanding the complex relationships between
health and development. This reflects the combined effects
of methodological innovations at both the theoretical and
empirical level, the integration of insights from the
biological and health sciences into economic analyses as
well as improvements in the quantity and quality of data on
population health and socio-economic status. To provide a
foundation for discussing these advances, we describe static
and dynamic models of the evolution of health over the life
course in conjunction with the inter-relationships between
health, other human capital outcomes and economic
prosperity. Facts about health and development at both the
aggregate and individual levels are presented along with a
discussion of the importance of measurement. We proceed to
review the empirical literature with a goal of highlighting
emerging lines of scientific inquiry that are likely to have
an important impact on the field. We begin with recent work
that relates health events in early life, including in
utero, to health, human capital and economic success in
later life. We then turn to adult health and its
relationship with socio-economic success, exploring the
impact of health on economic outcomes and vice versa as well
as the links between health and consumption smoothing.
Recent evidence from the empirical literature on the
micro-level impacts of HIV/AIDS on development is
summarized. We conclude that developments on the horizon
suggest a very exciting future for scientific research in
this area. © 2008.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04054-5},
Key = {fds239060}
}
@article{fds239073,
Author = {Gillespie, TW and Chu, J and Frankenberg, E and Thomas,
D},
Title = {Assessment and Prediction of Natural Hazards from Satellite
Imagery.},
Journal = {Progress in physical geography},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {459-470},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0309-1333},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133307083296},
Abstract = {Since 2000, there have been a number of spaceborne
satellites that have changed the way we assess and predict
natural hazards. These satellites are able to quantify
physical geographic phenomena associated with the movements
of the earth's surface (earthquakes, mass movements), water
(floods, tsunamis, storms), and fire (wildfires). Most of
these satellites contain active or passive sensors that can
be utilized by the scientific community for the remote
sensing of natural hazards over a number of spatial and
temporal scales. The most useful satellite imagery for the
assessment of earthquake damage comes from high-resolution
(0.6 m to 1 m pixel size) passive sensors and moderate
resolution active sensors that can quantify the vertical and
horizontal movement of the earth's surface. High-resolution
passive sensors have been used to successfully assess flood
damage while predictive maps of flood vulnerability areas
are possible based on physical variables collected from
passive and active sensors. Recent moderate resolution
sensors are able to provide near real time data on fires and
provide quantitative data used in fire behavior models.
Limitations currently exist due to atmospheric interference,
pixel resolution, and revisit times. However, a number of
new microsatellites and constellations of satellites will be
launched in the next five years that contain increased
resolution (0.5 m to 1 m pixel resolution for active
sensors) and revisit times (daily ≤ 2.5 m resolution
images from passive sensors) that will significantly improve
our ability to assess and predict natural hazards from
space.},
Doi = {10.1177/0309133307083296},
Key = {fds239073}
}
@misc{fds239040,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Household Responses to the Financial Crisis in Indonesia:
Longitudinal Evidence on Poverty, Resources, and
Well-Being},
Pages = {517-560},
Booktitle = {Globalization and Poverty},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://ipl.econ.duke.edu/dthomas},
Key = {fds239040}
}
@article{fds239038,
Author = {Seltzer, JA and Bachrach, CA and Bianchi, SM and Bledsoe, CH and Casper,
LM and Chase-Lansdale, PL and Diprete, TA and Hotz, VJ and Morgan, SP and Sanders, SG and Thomas, D},
Title = {Explaining Family Change and Variation: Challenges for
Family Demographers.},
Journal = {Journal of marriage and the family},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {908-925},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-2445},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376277},
Abstract = {Twenty years ago, the National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development (NICHD) issued a request for proposals
that resulted in the National Survey of Families and
Households (NSFH), a unique survey valuable to a wide range
of family scholars. This paper describes the efforts of an
interdisciplinary group of family demographers to build on
the progress enabled by the NSFH and many other theoretical
and methodological innovations. Our work, also supported by
NICHD, will develop plans for research and data collection
to address the central question of what causes family change
and variation. We outline the group's initial assessments of
orienting frameworks, key aspects of family life to study,
and theoretical and methodological challenges for research
on family change. Finally, we invite family scholars to
follow our progress and to help develop this shared public
good.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00183.x},
Key = {fds239038}
}
@article{fds239074,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Suriastini, W and Thomas, D},
Title = {Can expanding access to basic healthcare improve children's
health status? Lessons from Indonesia's 'midwife in the
village' programme.},
Journal = {Population studies},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {5-19},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0032-4728},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15764131},
Abstract = {In the 1990s, the Indonesian government placed over 50,000
midwives in communities throughout the country. We examine
how this expansion in health services affected children's
height-for-age. To address the problem that midwives were
not randomly allocated to communities, the estimation
exploits the biology of childhood growth, the timing of the
introduction of midwives to communities, and rich
longitudinal data. The evidence indicates that the
nutritional status of children fully exposed to a midwife
during early childhood is significantly better than that of
their peers of the same age and cohort in communities
without a midwife. The former are also better off than
children assessed at the same age from the same communities
but who were born before the midwife arrived. Within
communities, the improvement in nutritional status across
cohorts is greater where midwives were introduced than where
they were not. This result is robust to the inclusion of
community fixed effects.},
Doi = {10.1080/0032472052000332674},
Key = {fds239074}
}
@article{fds239072,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and McKee, D and Thomas, D},
Title = {Health consequences of forest fires in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {42},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-129},
Year = {2005},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15782898},
Abstract = {We combined data from a population-based longitudinal survey
with satellite measures of aerosol levels to assess the
impact of smoke from forest fires that blanketed the
Indonesian islands of Kalimantan and Sumatra in late 1997 on
adult health. To account for unobserved differences between
haze and nonhaze areas, we compared changes in the health of
individual respondents. Between 1993 and 1997, individuals
who were exposed to haze experienced greater increases in
difficulty with activities of daily living than did their
counterparts in nonhaze areas. The results for respiratory
and general health, although more complicated to interpret,
suggest that haze had a negative impact on these dimensions
of health.},
Doi = {10.1353/dem.2005.0004},
Key = {fds239072}
}
@article{fds239071,
Author = {Thomas, D and Beegle, K and Frankenberg, E and Sikoki, B and Strauss, J and Teruel, G},
Title = {Education in a crisis},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-85},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.12.004},
Abstract = {The year 1998 saw the onset of a major economic and
financial crisis in Indonesia. GDP fell by 12% that year.
The effect on education of the next generation is examined.
On average, household spending on education declined, most
dramatically among the poorest households. Spending
reductions were particularly marked in poor households with
more young children, while there was a tendency to protect
education spending in poor households with more older
children. The evidence on school enrollments mirrors these
findings. Poor households apparently sought to protect
investments in the schooling of older children at the
expense of the education of younger children. © 2004
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.12.004},
Key = {fds239071}
}
@article{fds239059,
Author = {Smith, JP and Thomas, D},
Title = {Remembrances of things past: Test-retest reliability of
retrospective migration histories},
Journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A:
Statistics in Society},
Volume = {166},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-49},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0964-1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-985X.00257},
Abstract = {Matched retrospective life history data collected from the
same individuals in two waves of the Malaysian Family Life
Survey provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the quality
of long-term recall data in a rapidly changing developing
country. Recall quality, measured by consistency of
incidence and dating of moves reported 12 years apart, is
higher among the better educated. Respondents better
remember more salient moves, those linked with other
important life events such as marriage, childbirth or a job
change and moves that lasted a long time. Migrations that
dim in memory as time passes are typically shorter duration
or local moves, often made while the respondent was young.
The dating of moves is also significantly improved when
linked with other salient events. Our findings suggest
concrete and practical steps that can be followed to improve
the quality of retrospective life-histories collected in
field surveys. © 2003 Royal Statistical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-985X.00257},
Key = {fds239059}
}
@article{fds239070,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Smith, JP and Thomas, D},
Title = {Economic shocks, wealth, and welfare},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {280-321},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1558746},
Abstract = {The immediate effects of the Asian crisis on the well-being
of Indonesians are examined using the Indonesia Family Life
Survey, an ongoing longitudinal household survey. There is
tremendous diversity in the effect of the shock: For some
households, it was devastating; for others it brought new
opportunities. A wide array of mechanisms was adopted in
response to the crisis. Households combined to more fully
exploit benefits of scale economies in consumption. Labor
supply increased even as real wages collapsed. Households
reduced spending on semidurables while maintaining
expenditures on foods. Rural households used wealth,
particularly gold, to smooth consumption.},
Doi = {10.2307/1558746},
Key = {fds239070}
}
@article{fds239058,
Author = {Garces, E and Thomas, D and Currie, J},
Title = {Longer-term effects of head start},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {4},
Pages = {999-1012},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1853 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Specially collected data on adults in the Panel Study of
Income Dynamics are used to provide evidence on the
longer-term effects of Head Start, an early intervention
program for poor preschool-age children. Whites who attended
Head Start are, relative to their siblings who did not,
significantly more likely to complete high school, attend
college, and possibly have higher earnings in their early
twenties. African-Americans who participated in Head Start
are less likely to have been booked or charged with a crime.
There is some evidence of positive spillovers from older
Head Start children to their younger siblings. (JEL J24,
I38).},
Doi = {10.1257/00028280260344560},
Key = {fds239058}
}
@article{fds239068,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {Health, nutrition and prosperity: a microeconomic
perspective.},
Journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {106-113},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0042-9686},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11953788},
Abstract = {A positive correlation between health and economic
prosperity has been widely documented, but the extent to
which this reflects a causal effect of health on economic
outcomes is very controversial. Two classes of evidence are
examined. First, carefully designed random assignment
studies in the laboratory and field provide compelling
evidence that nutritional deficiency - particularly iron
deficiency - reduces work capacity and, in some cases, work
output. Confidence in these results is bolstered by a good
understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Some
random assignment studies indicate an improved yield from
health services in the labour market. Second, observational
studies suggest that general markers of nutritional status,
such as height and body mass index (BMI), are significant
predictors of economic success although their interpretation
is confounded by the fact that they reflect influences from
early childhood and family background. Energy intake and
possibly the quality of the diet have also been found to be
predictive of economic success in observational studies.
However, the identification of causal pathways in these
studies is difficult and involves statistical assumptions
about unobserved heterogeneity that are difficult to test.
Illustrations using survey data demonstrate the practical
importance of this concern. Furthermore, failure to take
into account the dynamic interplay between changes in health
and economic status has led to limited progress being
reported in the literature. A broadening of random
assignment studies to measure the effects of an intervention
on economic prosperity, investment in population-based
longitudinal socioeconomic surveys, and application of
emerging technologies for a better measure of health in
these surveys will yield very high returns in improving our
understanding of how health influences economic
prosperity.},
Key = {fds239068}
}
@article{fds239069,
Author = {Smith, JP and Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E and Beegle, K and Teruel,
G},
Title = {Wages, employment and economic shocks: Evidence from
Indonesia},
Journal = {Journal of Population Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {161-193},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003837},
Abstract = {After over a quarter century of sustained economic growth,
Indonesia was struck by a large and unanticipated crisis at
the end of the 20th Century. Real GDP declined by about 12%
in 1998. Using 13 years of annual labor force data in
conjunction with two waves of a household panel, the
Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS), this paper examines the
impact of the crisis on labor market outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1007/PL00003837},
Key = {fds239069}
}
@article{fds239067,
Author = {Beegle, K and Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Bargaining power within couples and use of prenatal and
delivery care in Indonesia.},
Journal = {Studies in family planning},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {130-146},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0039-3665},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11449862},
Abstract = {Indonesian women's power relative to that of their husbands
is examined to determine how it affects use of prenatal and
delivery care. Holding household resources constant, a
woman's control over economic resources affects the couple's
decision-making. Compared with a woman with no assets that
she perceives as being her own, a woman with some share of
household assets influences reproductive health decisions.
Evidence suggests that her influence on service use also
varies if a woman is better educated than her husband, comes
from a background of higher social status than her
husband's, or if her father is better educated than her
father-in-law. Therefore, both economic and social
dimensions of the distribution of power between spouses
influence use of services, and conceptualizing power as
multidimensional is useful for understanding couples'
behavior.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00130.x},
Key = {fds239067}
}
@article{fds239066,
Author = {Frankenberg, E and Thomas, D},
Title = {Women's health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a
difference?},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-265},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11392911},
Abstract = {We use data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey to
investigate the impact of a major expansion in access to
midwifery services on health and pregnancy outcomes for
women of reproductive age. Between 1990 and 1998 Indonesia
trained some 50,000 midwives. Between 1993 and 1997 these
midwives tended to be placed in relatively poor communities
that were relatively distant from health centers. We show
that additions of village midwives to communities between
1993 and 1997 are associated with a significant increase in
body mass index in 1997 relative to 1993 for women of
reproductive age, but not for men or for older women. The
presence of a village midwife during pregnancy is also
associated with increased birthweight. Both results are
robust to the inclusion of community-level fixed effects, a
strategy that addresses many of the concerns about biases
because of nonrandom program placement.},
Doi = {10.1353/dem.2001.0014},
Key = {fds239066}
}
@article{fds239057,
Author = {Currie, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Early test scores, school quality and SES: Longrun effects
on wage and employment outcomes},
Journal = {Research in Labor Economics},
Volume = {20},
Pages = {103-132},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0147-9121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0147-9121(01)20039-9},
Abstract = {This study uses data from the British National Child
Development Survey (NCDS) to examine interactions between
socio-economic status (SES), children's test scores, and
future wages and employment. We find that children of lower
SES have both lower age 16 test scores and higher returns to
these test scores in terms of age 33 wages and employment
probabilities than high-SES children. We then examine
determinants of age 16 scores. Conditional on having had the
same age 7 mathematics scores, high-SES children go on to
achieve higher age 16 mathematics scores than children of
low or middle-SES. They are also much more likely to pass
O-levels in English and Mathematics. These differences are
either eliminated or greatly reduced when observable
measures of school quality are added to the model,
suggesting that high-SES children get better age 16 test
scores at least in part because they attended better
schools. On the other hand, conditional on age 7 scores,
low-SES children achieve higher age 16 reading scores than
high-SES children and the estimated relationship between the
two is not affected by the addition of school quality
variables. This observation provides evidence consistent
with the conjecture that success in reading may be less
dependent on school quality than success in mathematics. ©
2001.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0147-9121(01)20039-9},
Key = {fds239057}
}
@article{fds239065,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E and Smith, JP},
Title = {Lost but not forgetten: Attrition and follow-up in the
Indonesia family life survey},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {556-592},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3069630},
Abstract = {Data from three waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey
(IFLS) are used to examine follow-up and attrition in the
context of a large scale panel survey conducted in a
low-income setting. Household-level attrition between the
baseline and first follow-up four years later is less than 6
percent; the cumulative attrition between the baseline and
second follow-up after a five-year hiatus is 5 percent.
Attrition is low in the IFLS because movers are followed:
around 12 percent of households that were interviewed in the
first follow-up had moved from their location at baseline.
About half of those households were "local movers." The
other half, many of whom had moved to a new province, were
interviewed during a second sweep through the study areas
("second tracking"). Regression analyses indicate that in
terms of household-level characteristics at baseline,
households interviewed during second tracking are very
similar to those not interviewed in the follow-up surveys.
Local movers are more similar to the households found in the
baseline location in the follow-ups. The results suggest
that the information content of households interviewed
during second tracking is probably high. The cost of
following those respondents is relatively modest in the
IFLS. Although the analytical value of reinterviewing movers
will vary depending on the specifics of the research, we
conclude that, in general, tracking movers is a worthwhile
investment in longitudinal household surveys conducted in
settings where communication infrastructure is
limited.},
Doi = {10.2307/3069630},
Key = {fds239065}
}
@article{fds333805,
Author = {Thomas, D and Frankenberg, E},
Title = {The measurement and interpretation of health in social
surveys},
Publisher = {RAND},
Year = {2000},
Abstract = {Health status is hard to measure. It is widely recognized
that health is multi-dimensional reflecting the combination
of an array of factors that include physical, mental and
social well-being, genotype and phenotype influences as well
as expectations and information. A multitude of health
indicators have been used in scientific studies drawing on
data from both the developed and developing world.
Understanding what those indicators measure is central if
the results reported in the studies are to be interpreted in
a meaningful way...},
Key = {fds333805}
}
@article{fds239054,
Author = {Currie, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {The intergenerational transmission of "intelligence": Down
the slippery slopes of The Bell Curve},
Journal = {Industrial Relations},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-330},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0019-8676.00131},
Abstract = {Herrnstein and Murray report that conditional on maternal
"intelligence" (AFQT scores), child test scores are little
affected by variations in socioeconomic status. Using the
same data, we demonstrate that their finding is very
fragile. We explore the effect of adopting a more
representative sample of children, including blacks and
Latinos, allowing nonlinearities in the relationships, and
incorporating richer measures of socioeconomic status.
Making any one of these changes overturns their finding:
Socioeconomic status and child test scores are positively
and significantly related. Evidence is presented suggesting
AFQT scores are likely better markers for family background
than "intelligence".},
Doi = {10.1111/0019-8676.00131},
Key = {fds239054}
}
@article{fds239056,
Author = {Currie, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Does Head Start help hispanic children?},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {74},
Number = {2},
Pages = {235-262},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00027-4},
Abstract = {Poor educational attainment is a persistent problem among US
hispanic children, relative to non-hispanics. Many of these
children are immigrants and/or come from households that use
a minority language in the home. This paper examines the
effects of participation in a government sponsored preschool
program called Head Start on these children. We find that
large and significant benefits accrue to Head Start children
when we compare them to siblings who did not participate in
the program. On average, Head Start closes at least 1/4 of
the gap in test scores between hispanic children and
non-hispanic white children, and 2/3 of the gap in the
probability of grade repetition. However, we find that the
benefits of Head Start are not evenly distributed across
sub-groups. © Elsevier Science S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00027-4},
Key = {fds239056}
}
@article{fds239055,
Author = {Strauss, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Health, Nutrition, and Economic Development},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {766-817},
Year = {1998},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds239055}
}
@article{fds239051,
Author = {Smith, JP and Thomas, D},
Title = {On the road. Marriage and mobility in Malaysia},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {33},
Number = {4},
Pages = {805-832},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146399},
Abstract = {Migration choices of husbands and wives in a dynamic and
developing country are studied in the context of an economic
model of the household. Data are drawn from the second wave
of the Malaysia Family Life Survey. Exploiting the
retrospective histories, we compare moves that take place
before marriage with those made during the marriage; among
the latter, moves that are made with the spouse are
distinguished from those made alone. The evidence indicates
that male mobility is primarily economic in motivation and
related to labor market factors. Moves by women, however,
seem to be more closely related to fertility or family
considerations. Migration is apparently not simply an
individual decision; the attributes of the spouse are an
important influence on mobility, albeit in an asymmetric
manner. Moving toward a broader definition of the household,
we find the characteristics of the parents, parents-in-law,
and also the (relative) age and gender of siblings all
influence mobility in a rich, if complex,
way.},
Doi = {10.2307/146399},
Key = {fds239051}
}
@article{fds239052,
Author = {Thomas, D and Strauss, J},
Title = {Health and wages: evidence on men and women in urban
Brazil.},
Journal = {Journal of econometrics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {1},
Pages = {159-185},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4076(96)01811-8},
Abstract = {Survey data indicate that different dimensions of health
affect the wages of men and women in urban Brazil. Height
has a large and significant effect on wages: taller men and
women earn more. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with
higher wages of males, especially among the less-educated,
suggesting that strength may be rewarded with higher wages.
Low levels of per capita calorie and protein intakes reduce
wages of market-workers, but not the self-employed. After
controlling for height, BMI, and calories, the influence of
proteins is greater at higher levels, presumably reflecting
the impact of higher-quality diets.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0304-4076(96)01811-8},
Key = {fds239052}
}
@article{fds239050,
Author = {Lavy, V and Strauss, J and Thomas, D and de Vreyer,
P},
Title = {Quality of health care, survival and health outcomes in
Ghana.},
Journal = {Journal of health economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {333-357},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0167-6296},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6296(95)00021-6},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes the effect of quality and accessibility
of health services and other public infrastructure on the
health of children in Ghana. We focus on child survival,
child height and weight using data from the Ghana Living
Standards Survey. The results suggest an important role for
public health policy in eliminating the rural-urban
disparities in health status and particularly in improving
the health status of rural children and reducing their
mortality rates. Increased availability of birth services
and other related child programs, as well as Improved water
and sanitation infrastructure would have an immediate
payoff.},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-6296(95)00021-6},
Key = {fds239050}
}
@article{fds239048,
Author = {Thomas, D},
Title = {Education Across Generations in South Africa},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {330-334},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds239048}
}
@article{fds239049,
Author = {Strauss, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Measurement and Mismeasurement of Social
Indicators},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {30-34},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds239049}
}
@article{fds239047,
Author = {Thomas, D and Maluccio, J},
Title = {Fertility, contraceptive choice, and public policy in
Zimbabwe},
Journal = {World Bank Economic Review},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {189-222},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/10.1.189},
Abstract = {Zimbabwe has invested massively in public infrastructure
since independence in 1980. The impact of these investments
on demographic outcomes is examined using household survey
data matched with two community level surveys. A woman's
education is a powerful predictor of both fertility and
contraceptive use. These relationships are far from linear
and have changed shape in recent years. After controlling
for household resources, both the availability and quality
of health and family planning services have an important
impact on the adoption of modern contraceptives. In
particular, outreach programs such as mobile family planning
clinics and community-based distributors (CBDS) have been
especially successful. However, not all women are equally
served by this infrastructure. For example, CBDS have a
bigger impact on younger, better educated women, while
mobile family planning clinics appear to have more success
with older, less educated women.},
Doi = {10.1093/wber/10.1.189},
Key = {fds239047}
}
@article{fds239053,
Author = {Thomas, D and Lavy, V and Strauss, J},
Title = {Public policy and anthropometric outcomes in the Côte
d'Ivoire},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {155-192},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)01530-2},
Abstract = {Household survey data from the Côte d'Ivoire are used to
examine the impact of public policies on child height, child
weight for height and adult body mass index. Economic
adjustment programs in the 1980s were accompanied by reduced
availability and quality of health care services and
increases in relative food prices. The health of Ivorians
was probably adversely affected by these changes. Basic
services, such as immunizations and having simple materials,
such as common drugs, in stock is associated with improved
child health. Higher food prices have a significantly
detrimental impact on the health of both children and
adults.},
Doi = {10.1016/0047-2727(95)01530-2},
Key = {fds239053}
}
@misc{fds239045,
Author = {Strauss, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Chapter 34 Human resources: Empirical modeling of household
and family decisions},
Volume = {3},
Number = {PART A},
Pages = {1883-2023},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Development Economics},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780444823014},
ISSN = {1573-4471},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(05)80006-3},
Doi = {10.1016/S1573-4471(05)80006-3},
Key = {fds239045}
}
@article{fds239031,
Author = {Currie, J and Thomas, D},
Title = {Medical care for children: public insurance, private
insurance, and racial differences in utilization},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-162},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146194},
Abstract = {Data from two waves of the Child-Mother module of the US
National Longitudinal Surveys are used to examine the
medical care received by children. The authors compare those
covered by Medicaid, by private health insurance and those
with no insurance coverage at all. There are substantial
differences in the impact of public and private health
insurance and these effects also differ between blacks and
whites. White children on Medicaid tend to have more doctor
checkups that any other children and white children on
Medicaid or a private insurance plan have a higher number of
doctor visits for illness. In contrast, for black children,
neither Medicaid nor private insurance coverage is
associated with any advantage in terms of the number of
doctor visits for illness. Black children with private
coverage are no more likely than those with no coverage to
have doctor checkups. The results suggest that private and
public health insurance mean different things to different
children, and that national insurance coverage will not
equalize utilization of care. -from Authors},
Doi = {10.2307/146194},
Key = {fds239031}
}
@article{fds239032,
Author = {Thomas, D and Maluccio, J},
Title = {Contraceptive choice, fertility, and public policy in
Zimbabwe},
Journal = {World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study Working
Paper},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {43-US$6.95},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-3018-7},
Abstract = {The determinants of contraceptive use in Zimbabwe are
examined using individual-level survey data in conjunction
with two special community surveys. The spotlight is focused
on the role of the availability and quality of community
health and family planning services. The impact of the
household resources and individual characteristics, in
particular education and measures of income, are also taken
into consideration. In order to evaluate the distributional
impact of investments in health programs, special attention
is paid to differences in the effects of the programs across
educational groups. The study proceeds to investigate the
determinants of fertility outcomes and then turns to the
impact of contraceptive use on fertility, taking account of
the fact that both reflect, the outcome of choices by
couples. The results indicate that the availability and
quality of family planning and health services in the
community are associated with higher rates of adoption of
modern contraceptives. -from Authors},
Doi = {10.1596/0-8213-3018-7},
Key = {fds239032}
}
@article{fds239046,
Author = {Lavy, V and Strauss, J and Thomas, D and De Vreyer,
P},
Title = {The impact of the quality of health care on children's
nutrition and survival in Ghana},
Journal = {World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study Working
Paper},
Volume = {106},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {The authors use objectively measured anthropometric
outcomes, which reflect the nutritional status of an
individual, as health indicators, focusing on child height
(by age and sex) and weight (by height). Also analyzes the
determinants of the probability of child survival, a measure
considered to be an alternative indicator of health status.
The results presented suggest an important role for public
health policy in eliminating the rural-urban disparities in
health status and particularly in improving the health
status of rural children and reducing their mortality rates.
In urban areas they were unable to precisely measure many of
the effects of health infrastructure on child outcomes.
However, in rural areas the findings suggest that increasing
the provision of basic health services, such as adequate
supplies of basic drugs, will yield high social returns in
terms of improved child health and survival probabilities.
-from Authors},
Key = {fds239046}
}
@article{fds239079,
Author = {Thomas, D and Muvandi, I},
Title = {The demographic transition in southern Africa: reviewing the
evidence from Botswana and Zimbabwe.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {217-227},
Year = {1994},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2061883},
Abstract = {Part, but not all, of the observed decline in the number of
children ever born reported in the 1984 CPS and the 1988 DHS
in Botswana and Zimbabwe can be attributed to differences in
sample composition: women in the 1988 survey appear to be
better educated than women of the same cohort in the 1984
survey. Blanc and Rutstein argue that differences in
education levels in the pairs of surveys are not
significant. However, weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov
statistics, a comparison of average years of schooling, and
the proportions of women who complete primary school or
attend secondary school all indicate that the differences
are, in fact, significant. This is true in both Botswana and
Zimbabwe. Blanc and Rutstein also claim that these
differences do not account for any of the observed decline
in fertility between the surveys of women age 15 to 49.
Their methodology follows cohorts of women rather than
age-groups and thus cannot possibly address this issue.
Furthermore, to interpret their results, response error and
respondent education must be uncorrelated: this is a key
assumption which is violated by the data. We stand by our
conclusions and argue for caution when aggregate statistics
from the CPS and the DHS are used to make projections about
the course of fertility and population growth in Botswana
and Zimbabwe.},
Doi = {10.2307/2061883},
Key = {fds239079}
}
@article{fds239081,
Author = {Thomas, D and Muvandi, I},
Title = {The demographic transition in southern Africa: another look
at the evidence from Botswana and Zimbabwe.},
Journal = {Demography},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {185-207},
Year = {1994},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0070-3370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2061881},
Abstract = {Botswana and Zimbabwe have been acclaimed as being on the
vanguard of the demographic transition in sub-Saharan
Africa. This paper examines the comparability of the CPS and
the DHS data for each country and finds that part of the
observed decline in aggregate fertility rates in both
countries can be attributed to differences in sample
composition. Women of the same cohort tend to be better
educated in the second survey relative to the first. This
fact explains part-but not all-of the observed fertility
decline; for example, it appears to account for up to half
the observed decline among women age 25-34 in 1984 in
Zimbabwe. © 1994 Population Association of
America.},
Doi = {10.2307/2061881},
Key = {fds239081}
}
@article{fds239030,
Author = {Thomas, D},
Title = {Like father, like son; like mother, like daughter: parental
resources and child height},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {950-988},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/146131},
Abstract = {Using household survey data from the United States, Brazil,
and Ghana, examines the relationship between parental
education and child height, an indicator of health and
nutritional status. In all three countries, the education of
the mother has a bigger effect on her daughter's height;
paternal education, in contrast, has a bigger impact on his
son's height. There are, apparently, differences in the
allocation of household resources depending on the gender of
the child and these differences vary with the gender of the
parent. These results are quite robust and persist even
after including controls for unobserved household fixed
effects. If relative education of parents and nonlabor
income are indicators of power in household allocation
decision, then these results, along with
difference-in-difference of estimated income effects,
suggest that gender differences in resource allocations
reflect both technological differences in child rearing and
differences in the preferences of parents. -from
Author},
Doi = {10.2307/146131},
Key = {fds239030}
}
@article{fds239080,
Author = {Thomas, D and Muvandi, I},
Title = {How fast is fertility declining in Botswana and
Zimbabwe?},
Journal = {World Bank Discussion Papers},
Volume = {258},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Botswana and Zimbabwe have been acclaimed as being on the
vanguard of the demographic transition in sub-Saharan
Africa. Key data that are cited to support this claim are
the Contraceptive Prevalence Surveys (CPS) and Demographic
Health Surveys (DHS) which were conducted in both countries.
Ths paper examines the comparability of these data sources
and finds that at least part of the observed decline in
aggregate fertility rates in both countries can be
attributed to differences in sample composition. In Botswana
and Zimbabwe, women of the same cohort are better educated
in the second survey relative to the first. Since education
and fertility are negatively correlated, this fact explains
part - but not all - of the observed fertility decline
across the surveys. For example, it accounts for up to half
the decline among the cohort of women aged 25 to 34 in 1984
in Zimbabwe. The DHS included a complete birth history
whereas the CPS asked only summary questions about the
number of children ever born. There is evidence that
differences in the structure of the instruments also raise
questions about the comparability of the two data sources.
-Authors},
Key = {fds239080}
}
@article{fds239044,
Author = {Thomas, D and Strauss, J},
Title = {Prices, infrastructure, household characteristics and child
height.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {301-331},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(92)90042-8},
Abstract = {The relation between parental characteristics, community
characteristics and child height is examined using Brazilian
household survey data, matched with information collected at
the municipio level. Child height is significantly affected
by local infrastructure, particularly the availability of
modern sewerage, piped water and electricity. Higher sugar
and dairy prices are associated with lower child height,
although mothers with at least elementary schooling are able
to counteract the deleterious impact of prices. Negative
price effects are, however, largest for children in higher
expenditure households suggesting that the impact of
mother's education on child height does not solely reflect
resource availability. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(92)90042-8},
Key = {fds239044}
}
@article{fds239036,
Author = {Thomas, D},
Title = {Testing for sectoral differences in child anthropometric
status in Zimbabwe: A comment},
Journal = {Health Policy and Planning},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-186},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/7.2.181},
Doi = {10.1093/heapol/7.2.181},
Key = {fds239036}
}
@article{fds239020,
Author = {Thomas, D},
Title = {Gender differences in household resource
allocations},
Journal = {World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study Working
Paper},
Volume = {79},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Using household survey data from the United States, Brazil
and Ghana, examines the relationship between parental
education and child height, an indicator of health and
nutritional status. In all three countries, the education of
the mother has a bigger effect on her daughter's height;
paternal education, in contrast, has a bigger impact on his
son's height. There are, apparently, differences in the
allocation of household resources depending on the gender of
the child and these differences vary with the gender of the
parent. In Ghana, the education of a woman who is better
educated than her husband has a bigger impact on the height
of her daughter than her son. In Brazil, a woman's nonlabor
income has a positive impact on the health of her daughter
but not her son's health. If relative education of parents
and non-labor income are indicators of power in a household
bargaining game, then these results suggest that gender
differences in resource allocations reflect both
technological differences in child rearing and differences
in the preferences of parents. -Author},
Key = {fds239020}
}
@article{fds239042,
Author = {Strauss, J and Barbosa, M and Teixeira, S and Thomas, D and Gomes
Junior, R},
Title = {Role of education and extension in the adoption of
technology: A study of upland rice and soybean farmers in
Central-West Brazil},
Journal = {Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {341-359},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0169-5150},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5150(91)90027-I},
Abstract = {This paper explores reduced form determinants of the
adoption of certain technologies by upland rice and soybean
farmers in the Center-West region of Brazil. We merge
community level data on the availability and quality of
publicly provided infrastructure, principally extension, to
the farm level data containing information on farmer human
capital as well as land quantity and quality. By using
community level measures of availability and quality of
extension, we avoid problems of endogeneity of farm level
measures of extension use. We find positive impacts of
farmer education on the diffusion process, in accordance
with other studies. We also isolate effects of the quality
in regional extension investment as measured by the average
experience of technical extension staff. These results
indicate that investments in human capital of extension
workers does have a payoff in terms of farmer adoption of
improved cultivation practices. © 1991.},
Doi = {10.1016/0169-5150(91)90027-I},
Key = {fds239042}
}
@article{fds239041,
Author = {Thomas, D and Strauss, J and Henriques, M},
Title = {Child survival, height for age and household characteristics
in Brazil.},
Journal = {Journal of development economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {197-234},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(90)90022-4},
Abstract = {"The impact of household characteristics on child survival
and height, conditional on age, is examined using household
survey data from Brazil. Parental education is found to have
a very strong positive effect on both outcomes and this is
robust to the inclusion of household income and also
parental heights, which partly proxy for unobserved family
background characteristics. We find that income effects are
significant and positive for child survival but
insignificant for for child height although the latter
depends on identification assumptions. Parental height has a
large positive impact on child height and on survival rates
even after controlling for all other observable
characteristics."},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(90)90022-4},
Key = {fds239041}
}
%% Timmins, Christopher D.
@article{fds370033,
Author = {Gao, X and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {Information, migration, and the value of clean
air},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {163},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103079},
Abstract = {Using a variant of the Rosen-Roback model of inter-city
migration that incorporates public access to air quality
information, we demonstrate that information constraints
create a wedge between revealed and true hedonic prices for
pollution that depends upon individuals’ perception
biases. We empirically test our theoretical predictions by
leveraging the unexpected disclosure of PM2.5 data in China.
We find that migration decisions become much more responsive
to pollution and that the hedonic price of avoiding PM2.5
exposure nearly doubles – from 171 to 336 Chinese Yuan –
in response to the information shock. Our results highlight
the role of imperfect information in migration decisions and
its impact on non-market valuation in countries where public
access to information is restricted.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103079},
Key = {fds370033}
}
@article{fds364042,
Author = {Christensen, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {Sorting or Steering: The Effects of Housing Discrimination
on Neighborhood Choice},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {130},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2110-2163},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/720140},
Abstract = {Growing evidence indicates that neighborhoods affect human
capital accumulation, raising concern that the exclusionary
effects of housing discrimination could contribute to
persistent inequality in the United States. Using data from
HUD’s most recent Housing Discrimination Study and
microlevel data on neighborhood attributes in 28 US cities,
we find that minorities are steered toward neighborhoods
with less economic opportunity and greater exposures to
crime and pollution. Holding preferences and income
constant, discriminatory steering alone can explain a
disproportionate number of minority households found in
high-poverty neighborhoods in the United States and the
higher exposure of African American mothers to toxic
pollutants.},
Doi = {10.1086/720140},
Key = {fds364042}
}
@article{fds363882,
Author = {Timmins, C and Vissing, A},
Title = {Environmental justice and Coasian bargaining: The role of
race, ethnicity, and income in lease negotiations for shale
gas},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {114},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102657},
Abstract = {Using a unique combination of datasets and estimation
techniques, we test whether private lease negotiations to
extract oil and natural gas exhibit features of Coasian
efficiency. We demonstrate that measures of wealth
(including income, house square footage, and land acreage),
typically determinants of willingness to pay for
environmental quality, do affect bargaining outcomes.
However, race, ethnicity, and language also play important
roles after conditioning upon these variables, suggesting an
environmental injustice and a breakdown of efficient Coasian
bargaining. We further demonstrate that failure to negotiate
protections in leases leads to increased risk of future
drilling violations, and that weak lease restrictions are
not generally offset by strong local ordinance
restrictions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102657},
Key = {fds363882}
}
@article{fds364273,
Author = {Christensen, P and Sarmiento-Barbieri, I and Timmins,
C},
Title = {HOUSING DISCRIMINATION AND THE TOXICS EXPOSURE GAP IN THE
UNITED STATES: EVIDENCE FROM THE RENTAL MARKET},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {104},
Number = {4},
Pages = {807-818},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00992},
Abstract = {Local pollution exposures have a disproportionate impact on
minority households, but the root causes remain unclear.
This study conducts a correspondence experiment on a major
online housing platform to test whether housing
discrimination constrains minority access to housing options
in markets with significant sources of airborne chemical
toxics. We find that renters with African American or
Hispanic/Latinx names are 41% less likely than renters with
white names to receive responses for properties in
low-exposure locations. We find no evidence of
discriminatory constraints in high-exposure locations,
indicating that discrimination increases relative access to
housing choices at elevated exposure risk.},
Doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00992},
Key = {fds364273}
}
@article{fds361797,
Author = {Monsour, M and Clarke-Rubright, E and Lieberman-Cribbin, W and Timmins, C and Taioli, E and Schwartz, RM and Corley, SS and Laucis, AM and Morey, RA},
Title = {The impact of climate change on the prevalence of mental
illness symptoms.},
Journal = {J Affect Disord},
Volume = {300},
Pages = {430-440},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.124},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The repercussions of climate change threaten the
population with an increased prevalence of extreme climate
events. We explored the impact of climate change induced sea
level rise (SLR) and tropical cyclone (TC) exposure on
mental illness symptom prevalence. METHODS: Using three
datasets, TC exposure scores were calculated for each
subject to determine how exposure affects posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and major depressive
disorder (MDD) symptom prevalence. Inundation mapping of
various SLR and storm surge (SS) scenarios were performed
for the susceptible region of Miami-Dade and Broward
counties to determine the population impact of flooding.
RESULTS: We found an elevated risk of mental illness
symptoms from exposure to more high- intensity TCs and
identified demographic variables that may contribute to this
risk. Furthermore, inundation mapping demonstrated severe
and widespread impact of SLR and SS on the mental health of
communities. LIMITATIONS: This study did not include data
directly measuring comorbidity, resilience, preparedness, or
ability to adapt to climate change. Also, multiple
imputation using chained equations may have been imperfect.
Furthermore, there is uncertainty in predicting and mapping
SLR and TC intensity, which limits complete confidence in
our SS predictions. CONCLUSION: The impacts of climate
change have been frequently studied in terms of physical
health, natural disaster prevalence, and economic impacts,
but rarely on mental health burden. However, it is vital
that national, state, and local governments develop and
deploy plans to address mental health needs along with
expenditures for protecting infrastructure, the economy, and
physical health from the combined effects of SLR and climate
change-induced natural disasters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.124},
Key = {fds361797}
}
@article{fds354994,
Author = {Gibbons, S and Heblich, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Market tremors: Shale gas exploration, earthquakes, and
their impact on house prices},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {122},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2020.103313},
Abstract = {Shale gas has grown to become a major new source of energy
in countries around the globe. While its importance for
energy supply is well recognized, there has also been public
concern over potential risks from hydraulic fracturing
(‘fracking’). Although commercial development has not
yet taken place in the UK, licenses for drilling were issued
in 2008, signalling potential future development. This paper
examines whether public fears about fracking affect house
prices in areas that have been licensed for shale gas
exploration. Our estimates suggest differentiated effects.
Licensing did not affect house prices but fracking the first
well in 2011, which caused two minor earthquakes, did. We
find a 3.9–4.7 percent house price decrease in the area
where the earthquakes occurred. The earthquakes were too
minor to have caused any damage but we find the effect on
prices extends to a radius of about 25 km served by local
newspapers. This evidence suggests that the earthquakes and
newspaper coverage increased awareness of exploration
activity and fear of the local consequences.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2020.103313},
Key = {fds354994}
}
@misc{fds360067,
Author = {Liang, W and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {The Role of Migration Costs in Residential
Sorting},
Pages = {251-283},
Booktitle = {Urban Book Series},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_4},
Abstract = {Economists generally employ two ‘revealed preference’
approaches to measure households’ preferences for
non-market amenities—the hedonic and equilibrium sorting
models. The conventional hedonic model assumes free mobility
across space. Violation of this assumption can bias the
estimates of household willingness to pay for local
amenities. Mobility constraints are more easily handled by
the sorting framework. In this chapter, we examine the role
of migration costs in household residential sorting and
apply these two models to estimate the willingness to pay
for clean air in the USA and China. Our results demonstrate
that ignoring mobility costs in spatial sorting will
underestimate the implicit value of non-market amenities in
both countries. Such a downward bias is larger in developing
countries, such as China, where migration costs are
higher.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_4},
Key = {fds360067}
}
@article{fds360654,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Kuminoff, NV and Banzhaf, HS and Boyle, KJ and von
Gravenitz, K and Pope, JC and Smith, VK and Timmins,
CD},
Title = {Best practices for using hedonic property value models to
measure willingness to pay for environmental
quality},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {260-281},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/reaa001},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/reaa001},
Key = {fds360654}
}
@article{fds346743,
Author = {Banzhaf, HS and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Justice: Establishing Causal
Relationships},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {377-398},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094131},
Abstract = {The environmental justice literature has found that the poor
and people of color are disproportionately exposed to
pollution. This literature has sparked a broad activist
movement and several policy reforms in the United States and
internationally. In this article, we review the literature
documenting correlations between pollution and demographics
and the history of the related movement, focusing on the
United States. We then turn to the potential causal
mechanisms behind the observed correlations. Given its focus
on causal econometric models, we argue that economics has a
comparative advantage in evaluating these mechanisms. We
consider (a) profit-maximizing decisions by firms, (b)
Tiebout-like utility-maximizing decisions by households in
the presence of income disparities, (c) Coasean negotiations
between both sides, (d) political economy explanations and
governmental failures, and (e) intergenerational
transmission of poverty. Proper identification of the causal
mechanisms underlying observed disproportionate exposures is
critical to the design of effective policy to remedy
them.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094131},
Key = {fds346743}
}
@article{fds342133,
Author = {Freeman, R and Liang, W and Song, R and Timmins, C},
Title = {Willingness to pay for clean air in China},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {94},
Pages = {188-216},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2019.01.005},
Abstract = {We use a residential sorting model incorporating migration
disutility to recover the implicit value of clean air in
China. The model is estimated using China Population Census
Data along with PM2.5 satellite data. Our study provides new
evidence on the willingness to pay for air quality
improvements in developing countries and is the first
application of an equilibrium sorting model to the valuation
of non-market amenities in China. We employ two instrumental
variables based on coal-fired electricity generation and
wind direction to address the endogeneity of local air
pollution. Results suggest important differences between the
residential sorting model and a conventional hedonic model,
highlighting the role of moving costs and the discreteness
of the choice set. Our sorting results indicate that the
economic value of air quality improvement associated with a
one-unit decline in PM2.5 concentration is up to $8.83
billion for all Chinese households in 2005.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2019.01.005},
Key = {fds342133}
}
@article{fds341378,
Author = {Banzhaf, S and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Justice: the Economics of Race, Place, and
Pollution.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic Perspectives : a Journal of the
American Economic Association},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {185-208},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.1.185},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.33.1.185},
Key = {fds341378}
}
@article{fds340432,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating the marginal willingness to pay function without
instrumental variables},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {66-83},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.006},
Abstract = {The hedonic model of Rosen (1974) has become a workhorse for
valuing the characteristics of differentiated products
despite a number of well-documented econometric problems,
including a source of endogeneity that has proven difficult
to overcome. Here we outline a simple, likelihood-based
estimation approach for recovering the marginal
willingness-to-pay function that avoids this endogeneity
problem. Using this framework, we find that marginal
willingness-to-pay to avoid violent crime increases by
sixteen cents with each additional incident per 100,000
residents. Accounting for the slope of the marginal
willingness-to-pay function has significant impacts on
welfare analyses.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2018.11.006},
Key = {fds340432}
}
@article{fds335440,
Author = {Bishop, KC and Timmins, C},
Title = {Using panel data to easily estimate hedonic demand
functions},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {517-543},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/696981},
Abstract = {The hedonics literature has often asserted that if one were
able to observe the same individual make multiple purchase
decisions, one could recover rich estimates of preference
heterogeneity for a given amenity. In particular, in the
face of a changing price schedule, observing each individual
twice is sufficient to recover a linear demand function
separately for each individual, with no additional
restrictions. Constructing a rich panel data set of buyers,
we recover the full distribution of demand functions for
clean air in the Bay Area of California. First, we find that
estimating the full demand function, rather than simply
recovering a local estimate of marginal willingness to pay,
is important. Second, we find evidence of considerable
heterogeneity, which is important from a policy perspective;
our data-driven estimates of the welfare effects associated
with a nonmarginal change in air quality differ
substantially from those recovered using the existing
approaches to welfare estimation.},
Doi = {10.1086/696981},
Key = {fds335440}
}
@article{fds347631,
Author = {Haninger, K and Ma, L and Timmins, C},
Title = {The value of brownfield remediation},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {197-241},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/689743},
Abstract = {The US Environmental Protection Agency Brownfields Program
awards grants to redevelop contaminated lands known as
brownfields. This paper estimates cleanup benefits by
combining administrative records for a nationally
representative sample of brownfields with high-resolution,
high-frequency housing data. With cleanup, we find that
property values increase by an average of 5.0% to 11.5%. For
a welfare interpretation that does not rely on the
intertemporal stability of the hedonic price function, a
double-difference matching estimator finds even larger
effects of up to 15.2%. Our various specifications lead to
the consistent conclusion that Brownfields Program cleanups
yield positive, statistically significant, but highly
localized effects on housing prices.},
Doi = {10.1086/689743},
Key = {fds347631}
}
@article{fds316004,
Author = {Bayer, P and McMillan, R and Murphy, A and Timmins,
C},
Title = {A Dynamic Model of Demand for Houses and
Neighborhoods},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {84},
Number = {3},
Pages = {893-942},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10170},
Abstract = {This paper develops a dynamic model of neighborhood choice
along with a computationally light multi-step estimator. The
proposed empirical framework captures observed and
unobserved preference heterogeneity across households and
locations in a flexible way. We estimate the model using a
newly assembled data set that matches demographic
information from mortgage applications to the universe of
housing transactions in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1994
to 2004. The results provide the first estimates of the
marginal willingness to pay for several non-marketed
amenities-neighborhood air pollution, violent crime, and
racial composition-in a dynamic framework. Comparing these
estimates with those from a static version of the model
highlights several important biases that arise when dynamic
considerations are ignored.},
Doi = {10.3982/ECTA10170},
Key = {fds316004}
}
@article{fds314313,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, C},
Title = {The housing market impacts of shale gas development:
Corrigendum},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {106},
Number = {2},
Pages = {475},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.106.2.475},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.106.2.475},
Key = {fds314313}
}
@article{fds314314,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, C},
Title = {The housing market impacts of shale gas development},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3633-3659},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140079},
Abstract = {Using data from Pennsylvania and an array of empirical
techniques to control for confounding factors, we recover
hedonic estimates of property value impacts from nearby
shale gas development that vary with water source, well
productivity, and visibility. Results indicate large
negative impacts on nearby groundwater-dependent homes,
while piped-water-dependent homes exhibit smaller positive
impacts, suggesting benefits from lease payments. Results
have implications for the debate over regulation of shale
gas development.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20140079},
Key = {fds314314}
}
@article{fds239084,
Author = {Depro, B and Timmins, C and O’neil, M},
Title = {White flight and coming to the nuisance: can residential
mobility explain environmental injustice?},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {439-468},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {2333-5955},
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/682716},
Abstract = {Effective environmental justice (EJ) policy requires an
understanding of the economic and social forces that
determine the correlation between race, income, and
pollution exposure. We show how the traditional approach
used in many EJ analyses cannot identify nuisance-driven
residential mobility. We develop an alternative strategy
that overcomes this problem and implement it using data on
air toxics from Los Angeles County, California, USA.
Differences in estimated willingness to pay for cleaner air
across race groups support the residential mobility
explanation. Our results suggest that Hispanics may dislike
cancer risk but be less willing to trade other forms of
consumption to avoid it. As a result, household mobility
responses may work against policies designed to address
inequitable siting decisions for facilities with
environmental health risks.},
Doi = {10.1086/682716},
Key = {fds239084}
}
@article{fds239085,
Author = {Kuminoff, NV and Schoellman, T and Timmins, C},
Title = {Environmental Regulations and the Welfare Effects of Job
Layoffs in the United States: A Spatial Approach},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-218},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1750-6816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rev006},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rev006},
Key = {fds239085}
}
@article{fds239089,
Author = {Spiller, E and Stephens, H and Timmins, C and Smith,
A},
Title = {The Effect of Gasoline Taxes and Public Transit Investments
on Driving Patterns},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {633-657},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-013-9753-9},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes how driving patterns are affected by
gasoline taxes and the availability of a substitute for
driving—public transportation. We develop a measure of
transportation substitutability based on the difference
between individuals’ predicted commute times by private
and public transit, conditional upon their demographic
characteristics and geographic location. Improved
substitutability decreases annual vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) by inducing modal shifts to public transit, though
gasoline taxes are found to have a much larger impact on
VMT. Our results imply that a policy that raises gasoline
taxes and recycles the revenues into public transit
improvements can have even larger impacts on driving
patterns than either policy alone.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-013-9753-9},
Key = {fds239089}
}
@article{fds239088,
Author = {Kuminoff, NV and Smith, VK and Timmins, C},
Title = {The new economics of equilibrium sorting and policy
evaluation using housing markets},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1007-1062},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.51.4.1007},
Abstract = {Households "sort" across neighborhoods according to their
wealth and their preferences for public goods, social
characteristics, and commuting opportunities. The
aggregation of these individual choices in markets and in
other institutions influences the supply of amenities and
local public goods. Pollution, congestion, and the quality
of public education are examples. Over the past decade,
advances in economic models of this sorting process have led
to a new framework that promises to alter the ways we
conceptualize the policy evaluation process in the future.
These "equilibrium sorting" models use the properties of
market equilibria, together with information on household
behavior, to infer structural parameters that characterize
preference heterogeneity. The results can be used to develop
theoretically consistent predictions for the welfare
implications of future policy changes. Analysis is not
confined to marginal effects or a partial equilibrium
setting. Nor is it limited to prices and quantities. Sorting
models can integrate descriptions of how nonmarket goods are
generated, estimate how they affect decision making, and, in
turn, predict how they will be affected by future policies
targeting prices or quantities. Conversely, sorting models
can predict how equilibrium prices and quantities will be
affected by policies that target product quality,
information, or amenities generated by the sorting process.
These capabilities are just beginning to be understood and
used in applied research. This survey article aims to
synthesize the state of knowledge on equilibrium sorting,
the new possibilities for policy analysis, and the
conceptual and empirical challenges that define the
frontiers of the literature. ( JEL C63, D04, E61, H41, R23,
R31, R38). © Copyright 2013 by the American Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.51.4.1007},
Key = {fds239088}
}
@article{fds239090,
Author = {Ellickson, PB and Houghton, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating network economies in retail chains: A revealed
preference approach},
Journal = {The Rand Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-193},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12016},
Abstract = {We measure the effects of chain economies, business
stealing, and heterogeneous firms' comparative advantages in
the discount retail industry. Traditional entry models are
ill suited for this high-dimensional problem of strategic
interaction. Building upon recently developed profit
inequality techniques, our model admits any number of
potential rivals and stores per location, an endogenous
distribution network, and unobserved (to the econometrician)
location attributes that may cause firms to cluster their
stores. In an application, we find that Wal-Mart benefits
most from local chain economies, whereas Target shows a
greater ability to respond to rival competition. Kmart
exhibits neither of these strengths. We explore these
results with counterfactual simulations highlighting these
offsetting effects and find that local chain economies play
an important role in securing Wal-Mart's industry leader
status. © 2013, RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12016},
Key = {fds239090}
}
@article{fds239091,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Does cleanup of hazardous waste sites raise housing values?
Evidence of spatially localized benefits},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {345-360},
Year = {2013},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.12.001},
Abstract = {Economists often rely on publicly available data provided at
coarse geographical resolution to value spatially localized
amenities. We propose a simple refinement to the hedonic
method that accommodates this reality: specifically, we
measure localized benefits from the cleanup of hazardous
waste sites at the sub-census tract level by examining the
entire within-tract housing value distribution, rather than
simply focusing on the tract median. Our point estimates
indicate that the cleanup leads to larger appreciation in
house prices at the lower percentiles of the within-tract
house value distribution than at higher percentiles. Though
not statistically different from one another, the estimates
are monotonically ordered from 24.4% at the 10th percentile,
20.8% at the median and 18.7% at the 90th percentile,
respectively. We confirm these results in two ways. First,
our analysis using restricted access census block data finds
comparable results that cleanup leads to a 14.7%
appreciation in the median block-level housing values.
Second, our analysis of proprietary housing transactions
data show that cheaper houses within a census tract are
indeed more likely to be closer to a hazardous waste site,
explaining the greater impacts they receive from the cleanup
process. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2012.12.001},
Key = {fds239091}
}
@article{fds239092,
Author = {Deleire, T and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Roy model sorting and nonrandom selection in the valuation
of a statistical life},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {279-306},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000313987000010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Wage-hedonics is used to recover the value of a statistical
life (VSL) by exploiting the fact that workers choosing
riskier occupations are compensated with a higher wage. Roy
(Oxford Economic Papers 3 (1951), 135-46) suggests that
observed wage distributions will be distorted if individuals
choose jobs according to idiosyncratic returns. We describe
how this type of sorting biases wage-hedonic VSL estimates
and implement two new estimation strategies that correct
that bias. Using data from the Current Population Surveys,
we recover VSL estimates that are three to four times larger
than those based on the traditional techniques,
statistically significant, and robust to a wide array of
specifications. © (2013) by the Economics Department of the
University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University
Institute of Social and Economic Research
Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2012.00733.x},
Key = {fds239092}
}
@article{fds320630,
Author = {Muehlenbachs, L and Spiller, E and Timmins, CD},
Title = {Shale Gas Development and Property Values: Differences
Across Drinking Water Sources},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {131},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {While shale gas development can result in rapid local
economic development, negative externalities associated with
the process may adversely affect the prices of nearby homes.
We utilize a triple-difference estimator and exploit the
public water service area boundary in Washington County,
Pennsylvania to identify the housing capitalization of
groundwater risk, differentiating it from other
externalities, lease payments to homeowners, and local
economic development. We find that proximity to wells
increases housing values, though risks to groundwater fully
offset those gains. By itself, groundwater risk reduces
property values by up to 24 percent.},
Key = {fds320630}
}
@article{fds239105,
Author = {Bajari, P and Fruehwirth, JC and Kim, KI and Timmins,
C},
Title = {A rational expectations approach to hedonic price
regressions with time-varying unobserved product attributes:
The price of pollution},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {102},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1898-1926},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.5.1898},
Abstract = {We propose a new strategy for a pervasive problem in the
hedonics literature: recovering hedonic prices in the
presence of time-varying correlated unobservables. Our
approach relies on an assumption about home buyer
rationality, under which prior sales prices can be used to
control for time-varying unobservable attributes of the
house or neighborhood. Using housing transactions data from
California's Bay Area between 1990 and 2006, we apply our
estimator to recover marginal willingness to pay for
reductions in three of the EPA's "criteria" air pollutants.
Our findings suggest that ignoring bias from time-varying
correlated unobservables considerably understates the
benefits of a pollution reduction policy.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.102.5.1898},
Key = {fds239105}
}
@misc{fds210363,
Author = {C.D. Timmins},
Title = {Course Syllabus for Econ 881: "Hedonics and Non-Market
Valuation and Equilibrium Sorting"},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds210363}
}
@misc{fds210364,
Author = {C.D. Timmins},
Title = {Course Syllabus for Econ 439/Enviro 363: "Economics of the
Environment"},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds210364}
}
@article{fds239104,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Hazardous waste cleanup, neighborhood gentrification, and
environmental justice: Evidence from restricted access
census block data},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Pages = {620-624},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.620},
Abstract = {We test for residential sorting and changes in neighborhood
characteristics in response to the cleanup of hazardous
waste sites using restricted access fine-geographicalresolution
block data. We examine changes between 1990 and 2000 in
blocks within 5km of sites that are proposed to the National
Priority List that fall in a narrow interval of Hazardous
Ranking Scores, comparing blocks near sites that were
cleaned with those near sites that were not. Cleanup leads
to increases in population density and housing unit density;
increases in mean household income and shares of
collegeeducated; but also to increases in the shares of
minorities. © 2011 AEA. The American Economic Association
is hosted by Vanderbilt University.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.3.620},
Key = {fds239104}
}
@article{fds239111,
Author = {Bayer, P and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {Nonparametric identification and estimation in a Roy model
with common nonpecuniary returns},
Journal = {Journal of Business & Economic Statistics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-215},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Abstract = {We consider identification and estimation of a Roy model
that includes a common nonpecuniary utility component
associated with each choice alternative. This augmented Roy
model has broader applications to many polychotomous choice
problems in addition to occupational sorting. We develop a
pair of nonparametric estimators for this model, derive
asymptotics, and illustrate small-sample properties with a
series of Monte Carlo experiments. We apply one of these
models to migration behavior and analyze the effect of Roy
sorting on observed returns to college education. Correcting
for Roy sorting bias, the returns to a college degree are
cut in half. This article has supplementary material online.
© 2011 American Statistical Association.},
Doi = {10.1198/jbes.2010.08083},
Key = {fds239111}
}
@article{fds239107,
Author = {Gamper-Rabindran, S and Khan, S and Timmins, C},
Title = {The impact of piped water provision on infant mortality in
Brazil: A quantile panel data approach},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {188-200},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2010 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the impact of piped water on the under-1 infant
mortality rate (IMR) in Brazil using a recently developed
econometric procedure for the estimation of quantile
treatment effects with panel data. The provision of piped
water in Brazil is highly correlated with other observable
and unobservable determinants of IMR - the latter leading to
an important source of bias. Instruments for piped water
provision are not readily available, and fixed effects to
control for time-invariant correlated unobservables are
invalid in the simple quantile regression framework. Using
the quantile panel data procedure in Chen and Khan [Chen,
S., Khan, S., Semiparametric estimation of non-stationary
censored panel model data models with time-varying factor.
Econometric Theory 2007; forthcoming], our estimates
indicate that the provision of piped water reduces infant
mortality by significantly more at the higher conditional
quantiles of the IMR distribution than at the lower
conditional quantiles (except for cases of extreme
underdevelopment). These results imply that targeting piped
water intervention toward areas in the upper quantiles of
the conditional IMR distribution, when accompanied by other
basic public health inputs, can achieve significantly
greater reductions in infant mortality. © 2009 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.02.006},
Key = {fds239107}
}
@article{fds239086,
Author = {Timmins, C and Schlenker, W},
Title = {Reduced-Form Versus Structural Modeling in Environmental and
Resource Economics},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {351-380},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144119},
Abstract = {<jats:p> We contrast structural and reduced form empirical
studies in environmental and resource economics. Both
methodologies have their own context-specific advantages and
disadvantages, and should be viewed as complements, not
substitutes. Structural models typically require a
theoretical model and explicit assumptions about structural
errors in order to recover the parameters of behavioral
functions. These estimates may be required to measure
general equilibrium welfare effects or to simulate intricate
feedback loops between natural and economic processes.
However, many of the assumptions used to recover structural
estimates are untestable. The goal of reduced form studies
is, conversely, to recover key parameters of interest using
exogenous within-sample variation with as few structural
assumptions as possible—reducing reliance on these
assumptions assists in establishing causality in the
relationship of interest. Reduced-form studies do, however,
require assumptions of their own, e.g., the (quasi)
randomness of an experiment with no spillover effects on the
control group. </jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144119},
Key = {fds239086}
}
@misc{lall_connecting_2009,
Author = {Lall, SV and Timmins, C and Yu, S},
Title = {Connecting lagging and leading regions: The role of labor
mobility},
Journal = {Brookings Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Volume = {2009},
Pages = {151-174},
Booktitle = {Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs},
Publisher = {The Brookings Institution},
Address = {Washington, D.C.},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1528-7084},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=1036301&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Abstract = {How can policies improve the welfare of people in
economically lagging regions of countries? Should policies
help jobs follow people? Or should they enable people to
follow jobs? In most countries, market forces have
encouraged the geographic concentration of people and
economic activities--policies that try to offset these
forces to encourage balanced economic growth have largely
been unsuccessful. However, policies that help people get
closer to economic density have improved individual welfare.
In this paper, the authors examine the migration decisions
of working-age Brazilians and find that the pull of higher
wages in leading regions has a strong influence on the
decision to migrate. However, many people are also"pushed"to
migrate, starved of access to basic public services such as
clean water and sanitation in their hometowns. Although
migration is welfare-improving for these individuals, the
economy may end up worse off as these migrants are more
likely to add to congestion costs in cities than to
contribute to agglomeration benefits. Encouraging human
capital formation can stimulate labor mobility for economic
gain; and improving access to and quality of basic services
in lagging regions will directly improve welfare as well as
reduce the type of migration motivated by the search for
life-supporting basic services.},
Key = {lall_connecting_2009}
}
@article{Bayer09,
Author = {Bayer, P and Keohane, N and Timmins, C},
Title = {Migration and hedonic valuation: The case of air
quality},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-14},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2025 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Discrete choice models Migration costs Particulate matter
residential sorting Valuation of air qualitly Wage-hedonic
models},
Abstract = {Conventional hedonic techniques for estimating the value of
local amenities rely on the assumption that households move
freely among locations. We show that when moving is costly,
the variation in housing prices and wages across locations
may no longer reflect the value of differences in local
amenities. We develop an alternative discrete-choice
approach that models the household location decision
directly, and we apply it to the case of air quality in US
metro areas in 1990 and 2000. Because air pollution is
likely to be correlated with unobservable local
characteristics such as economic activity, we instrument for
air quality using the contribution of distant sources to
local pollution-excluding emissions from local sources,
which are most likely to be correlated with local
conditions. Our model yields an estimated elasticity of
willingness to pay with respect to air quality of 0.34-0.42.
These estimates imply that the median household would pay
$149-$185 (in constant 1982-1984 dollars) for a one-unit
reduction in average ambient concentrations of particulate
matter. These estimates are three times greater than the
marginal willingness to pay estimated by a conventional
hedonic model using the same data. Our results are robust to
a range of covariates, instrumenting strategies, and
functional form assumptions. The findings also confirm the
importance of instrumenting for local air pollution. © 2009
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.004},
Key = {Bayer09}
}
@article{wagner_agglomeration_2009,
Author = {Wagner, UJ and Timmins, CD},
Title = {Agglomeration effects in foreign direct investment and the
pollution haven hypothesis},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {231-256},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2059 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste;
Solid Waste; Recycling Q530, Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs;
Biotechnology L650, Economic Development: Agriculture;
Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary
Products O130, Environmental Economics: Government Policy
Q580, Multinational Firms; International Business F230,
Other Production and Pricing Analysis R320},
Abstract = {Does environmental regulation impair international
competitiveness of pollution-intensive industries to the
extent that they relocate to countries with less stringent
regulation, turning those countries into "pollution havens"?
We test this hypothesis using panel data on outward foreign
direct investment (FDI) flows of various industries in the
German manufacturing sector and account for several
econometric issues that have been ignored in previous
studies. Most importantly, we demonstrate that externalities
associated with FDI agglomeration can bias estimates away
from finding a pollution haven effect if omitted from the
analysis. We include the stock of inward FDI as a proxy for
agglomeration and employ a GMM estimator to control for
endogenous time-varying determinants of FDI flows.
Furthermore, we propose a difference estimator based on the
least polluting industry to break the possible correlation
between environmental regulatory stringency and unobservable
attributes of FDI recipients in the cross-section. When
accounting for these issues we find robust evidence of a
pollution haven effect for the chemical industry. © 2008
Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-008-9236-6},
Key = {wagner_agglomeration_2009}
}
@article{fds239106,
Author = {Pattanayak, SK and Ross, MT and Depro, BM and Bauch, SC and Timmins, C and Wendland, KJ and Alger, K},
Title = {Climate change and conservation in Brazil: CGE evaluation of
health and wealth impacts},
Journal = {The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1935-1682},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Abstract = {Ecosystem services are public goods that frequently
constitute the only source of capital for the poor, who lack
political voice. As a result, provision of ecosystem
services is sub-optimal and estimation of their values is
complicated. We examine how econometric estimation can feed
computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling to estimate
health-related ecosystem values. Against a back drop of
climate change, we analyze the Brazilian policy to expand
National Forests (FLONAS) by 50 million hectares. Because
these major environmental changes can generate spillovers in
other sectors, we develop and use a CGE model that focuses
on land and labor markets. Compared to climate change and
deforestation in the baseline, the FLONAS scenario suggests
relatively small declines in GDP, output (including
agriculture) and other macro indicators. Urban households
will experience declines in their welfare because they own
most of the capital and land, which allows them to capture
most of the deforestation benefits. In contrast, even though
rural households have fewer opportunities for subsistence
agriculture and face additional competition with other rural
agricultural workers for more limited employment, their
welfare improves due to health benefits from conservation of
nearby forests. The efficiency vs. equity tradeoffs implied
by the FLONAS scenario suggests that health-related
ecosystem services will be underprovided if the rural poor
are politically weaker than the urban rich. In conclusion,
we briefly discuss the pros and cons of the CGE strategy for
valuing ecosystem-mediated health benefits and evaluating
contemporary policies on climate change mitigation.
Copyright © 2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2202/1935-1682.2096},
Key = {fds239106}
}
@article{li_do_2009,
Author = {Timmins, CD and Li, S and von Haefen, R},
Title = {How Do Gas Prices Affect Fleet Fuel Economy?},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {113-137},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {1945-7812},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=1051386&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Business Taxes and Subsidies including sales and value-added
{(VAT)} H250, Industry Studies: Manufacturing: Other L690,
Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels L710,
Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution
of Firms L110},
Abstract = {Exploiting a rich dataset of passenger vehicle registrations
in 20 US MSAs from 1997 to 2005, we examine the effects of
gasoline prices on the automotive fleet's composition. We
find that high gasoline prices affect fleet fuel economy
through two channels: shifting new auto purchases towards
more fuel-efficient vehicles, and speeding the scrappage of
older, less fuel-efficient used vehicles. Policy simulations
suggest that a 10 percent increase in gasoline prices from
2005 levels will generate a 0.22 percent increase in fleet
fuel economy in the short run and a 2.04 percent increase in
the long run.},
Doi = {10.1257/pol.1.2.113},
Key = {li_do_2009}
}
@article{timmins_revealed_2007,
Author = {Timmins, C and Murdock, J},
Title = {A revealed preference approach to the measurement of
congestion in travel cost models},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {230-249},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=0902859&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources Q260, Renewable
Resources and Conservation: Fishery; Aquaculture Q220,
Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and
Accidents; Transportation Noise R410},
Abstract = {Travel cost models are regularly used to determine the value
of recreational sites or particular site characteristics,
yet congestion, a key site attribute, is often excluded from
such analyses. One reason for this omission is that
congestion is determined in equilibrium by the process of
individuals sorting across sites and thus presents
significant endogeneity problems. This paper illustrates
this source of endogeneity, describes how previous research
has dealt with it using stated preference techniques, and
describes an instrumental variables approach to address it
in a revealed preference context. We demonstrate that
failing to address the endogeneity of congestion leads one
to dramatically understate its costs. We apply our technique
to the valuation of a large recreational fishing site in
Wisconsin (Lake Winnebago) which, if eliminated, would
induce significant re-sorting of anglers amongst remaining
sites. Ignoring congestion leads to an understatement of the
lake's value by more than 50%. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2006.08.002},
Key = {timmins_revealed_2007}
}
@article{bayer_estimating_2007,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating equilibrium models of sorting across
locations},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {117},
Number = {518},
Pages = {353-374},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2026 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Other Production and Pricing Analysis R320, Urban, Rural,
and Regional Economics: Housing Demand R210, Urban, Rural,
and Regional Economics: Regional Migration; Regional Labor
Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics
R230},
Abstract = {While there is growing interest in measuring the size and
scope of local spillovers, it is well understood that such
spillovers cannot be distinguished from unobservable local
attributes using solely the observed location decisions of
individuals or firms. We propose an empirical strategy for
recovering estimates of spillovers in the presence of
unobserved local attributes for a broadly applicable class
of equilibrium sorting models. Our approach relies on an IV
strategy derived from the internal logic of the sorting
model itself. We show practically how the strategy is
implemented, provide intuition for our instruments, discuss
the role of effective choice-set variation in identifying
the model, and carry-out a series of Monte Carlo simulations
to demonstrate performance in small samples. © 2007 The
Author(s). Journal compilation Royal Economic Society
2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02021.x},
Key = {bayer_estimating_2007}
}
@article{timmins_if_2007,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {If you cannot take the heat, get out of the cerrado...
Recovering the equilibrium amenity cost of nonmarginal
climate change in Brazil},
Journal = {Journal of Regional Science},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-25},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-4146},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2036 Duke open
access},
Keywords = {Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming Q540, Economic
Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy;
Environment; Other Primary Products O130, Economic
Development: Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses O180,
Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional Migration;
Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood
Characteristics R230, Valuation of Environmental Effects
Q510},
Abstract = {This paper presents an empirical technique for valuing large
changes in nonmarketed local attributes (e.g., climate
amenities) without data describing prices of locally traded
commodities like housing. A model of endogenous sorting is
used to identify individuals' indirect utility functions,
from which the value of the change in the local attribute is
recovered while accounting for equilibrium impacts on
markets for labor and locally traded commodities. Annual
amenity costs of Brazilian climate change are estimated to
be between $1.6 and $8.1 billion for a moderate climate
change scenario, depending upon the role of migration costs.
© Blackwell Publishing, Inc. 2007.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9787.2007.00497.x},
Key = {timmins_if_2007}
}
@article{timmins_estimating_2006,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimating spatial differences in the Brazilian cost of
living with household location choices},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-83},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eoh&AN=0870767&site=ehost-live&scope=site},
Keywords = {Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D120, Economic
Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income
Distribution; Migration O150, Other Production and Pricing
Analysis R320, Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics:
Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population;
Neighborhood Characteristics R230},
Abstract = {This paper uses a model of optimal household residential
decisions to construct a comprehensive "true" spatial cost
of living index with readily available Brazilian census
data. We find evidence of a decreasing or U-shaped
relationship (differing with education level and region)
between the cost of living and urbanization, suggesting that
both market disintegration and congestion play roles in
raising costs. Controlling for spatial differences in the
cost of living is shown to have important consequences for
the determinants of poverty and (contrary to many previous
results) to increase income inequality. © 2005 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.02.006},
Key = {timmins_estimating_2006}
}
@article{Timmins06a,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Endogenous land use and the Ricardian valuation of climate
change},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-142},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-005-2646-9},
Keywords = {Endogenous land Ricardian technique},
Abstract = {The Ricardian technique uses cross-sectional variation in
the capitalized value of climate in land to infer the
agricultural costs or benefits of dynamic climate change.
While a practical approach for predicting the consequences
of global warming with readily available data, it may yield
biased results when land-use decisions depend on the climate
attributes being valued and when land has unobserved
attributes that differ with the use to which it is put. This
paper illustrates the conditions under which such a bias
will occur, describes an empirical model that corrects for
it, and estimates that model with agricultural census data
from Brazil. The approach, moreover, allows constraints on
adjustment to be explicitly incorporated into the Ricardian
framework, relaxing one of that technique's most conspicuous
assumptions. © Springer 2006.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-005-2646-9},
Key = {Timmins06a}
}
@article{Nou05,
Author = {Nou, J and Timmins, C},
Title = {How do changes in welfare law affect domestic violence? An
analysis of Connecticut towns, 1990-2000},
Journal = {The Journal of Legal Studies},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {445-469},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0047-2530},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/429847},
Keywords = {Domestic violence Time limits Welfare reform Welfare to work
Work mandates},
Abstract = {The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act transformed welfare from an ongoing cash
assistance program by restricting participation through time
limits and emphasizing rapid entrance into the labor force.
Changes in welfare dependency induced by these legal reforms
had the potential to impact rates of domestic violence.
Using decennial census, welfare caseload, and police report
data, this paper investigates the introduction of time
limits and work mandates across Connecticut towns. For a
variety of reasons, Connecticut proves to be an ideal
laboratory from which to obtain evidence. We find that rates
of domestic violence fell in Connecticut with the passage of
the new welfare law, especially in towns most subject to the
law's provisions. Using Federal Bureau of Investigation
Uniform Crime Report data, we also find evidence that such
results hold independent of the reform's effects on other
personal crimes and crimes in general. © 2005 by The
University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/429847},
Key = {Nou05}
}
@article{Bayer05,
Author = {Bayer, P and Timmins, C},
Title = {On the equilibrium properties of locational sorting
models},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Economics},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {462-477},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2004.12.008},
Keywords = {Agglomeration Congestion Discrete choice models Economic
geography Endogenous sorting Local spillovers Natural
advantage random utility Social interactions},
Abstract = {Important to many models of location choice is the role of
local interactions or spillovers, whereby the payoffs from
choosing a location depend in part on the number or
attributes of other individuals or firms that choose the
same or nearby locations in equilibrium. This paper develops
the equilibrium properties of a broadly applicable and
readily estimable class of sorting models that allow
location decisions to depend on both fixed local attributes
(including unobserved attributes) and local interactions,
describes the conditions under which equilibria exist and
are unique, and provides a test for uniqueness in empirical
analyses of sorting equilibrium. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jue.2004.12.008},
Key = {Bayer05}
}
@article{Timmins05,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Estimable equilibrium models of locational sorting and their
role in development economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Geography},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-100},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnlecg/lbh055},
Keywords = {Agglomeration Congestion Discrete choice models Economic
geography Endogenous location choice Local spillovers
Natural advantage},
Abstract = {Geography plays a prominent role in many problems in
development economics - directly in analyses of the spatial
distribution of important variables like poverty and
productivity, and indirectly through the role of local
spillovers in economic growth. Empirical work on these
topics is complicated by the fact that the behavioral
consequences of such spillovers cannot be distinguished from
those of unobservable local attributes using only the
observed location decisions of individuals or firms. This
problem can be solved with an instrumental variables
strategy derived from the internal logic of a structural
model of residential sorting. We show practically how the
strategy is implemented, provide intuition for the
instruments and econometric identification, demonstrate how
traditional techniques overstate agglomeration
externalities, and use the model to value changes in
spillovers from urban centers. © Oxford University Press
2005; all rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/jnlecg/lbh055},
Key = {Timmins05}
}
@article{fds239095,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Demand-Side Technology Standards Under Inefficient Pricing
Regimes: Are They Effective Water Conservation Tools in the
Long-Run?},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-124},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025689706396},
Abstract = {When price-setting regulators have objectives other than
maximizing social surplus, the conservation potential of
demand-side technology standards can be significantly
diminished. This paper demonstrates this by empirically
recovering the socially sub-optimal preferences of a group
of water managers in a groundwater-dependent region of
California and simulating their inefficient price response
to the mandated adoption of low-flow appliances by
homeowners. The resulting reduction in the conservation
potential of these appliances is quantified, and a modest
tax is shown to be a relatively cost-effective policy tool
for conservation. If non-price conservation policies are
preferred according to equity criteria, the paper suggests
that, in order to preserve their conservation potential,
policy-makers should be required to continue to set prices
as if no technology standards had been introduced.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1025689706396},
Key = {fds239095}
}
@misc{fds349758,
Author = {Moi, T},
Title = {Introduction},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {iii},
Booktitle = {Camille The Lady of the Camellias, by Alexandre Dumas
Fils},
Publisher = {Signet Classics},
Year = {2003},
ISBN = {0451529200},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/693389},
Abstract = {With a new introduction, this Signet Classic is the only
available paperback edition of Camille, the instantly-famous
story of passion versus class that remains as timeless as
love itself.},
Doi = {10.1086/693389},
Key = {fds349758}
}
@article{fds239093,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Does the median voter consume too much water? Analyzing the
redistributive role of residential water
bills},
Journal = {National Tax Journal},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {687-702},
Publisher = {National Tax Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2042 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {According to allocative efficiency criteria, water in the
American West is often underpriced in urban sales. The
political-economic process that motivates municipal managers
to impose the resulting deadweight losses on their
constituencies is analyzed with a median voter model of
choice between alternative municipal revenue sources. The
implications of this model are tested empirically, and the
results confirm the conclusions of previous empirical
research by suggesting that cities with more skewed income
distributions tend to engage in more redistributive
activities than other conditionally similar
communities.},
Doi = {10.17310/ntj.2002.4.02},
Key = {fds239093}
}
@article{fds239094,
Author = {Timmins, C},
Title = {Measuring the dynamic efficiency costs of regulators'
preferences: Municipal water utilities in the Arid
West},
Journal = {Econometrica},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {603-629},
Publisher = {The Econometric Society},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1868 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Evidence suggests that municipal water utility
administrators in the western US price water significantly
below its marginal cost and, in so doing, inefficiently
exploit aquifer stocks and induce social surplus losses.
This paper empirically identifies the objective function of
those managers, measures the deadweight losses resulting
from their price-discounting decisions, and recovers the
efficient water pricing policy function from counterfactual
experiments. In doing so, the estimation uses a
"continuous-but-constrained-control" version of a nested
fixed-point algorithm in order to measure the important
intertemporal consequences of groundwater pricing
decisions.},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0262.00297},
Key = {fds239094}
}
%% Todorov, Viktor
@article{fds49028,
Author = {Viktor Todorov},
Title = {Variance Risk Premium Dynamics},
Journal = {job market paper},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds49028}
}
@article{fds49029,
Author = {Viktor Todorov},
Title = {Estimation of Continuous-Time Stochastic Volatility Models
with Jumps using High-Frequency Data},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds49029}
}
@article{fds49030,
Author = {Viktor Todorov},
Title = {Econometric Analysis of Jump-Driven Stochastic Volatility
Models},
Journal = {revising for resubmission to Journal of Econometrics},
Year = {2006},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds49030}
}
@article{fds49033,
Author = {Viktor Todorov and George Tauchen},
Title = {Simulation Methods for Lévy-Driven CARMA Stochastic
Volatility Models},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {450-469},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds49033}
}
@article{fds49034,
Author = {Viktor Todorov},
Title = {Investment Horizon Effects in the Presence of Estimation
Risk: the Case of Hungary},
Journal = {Central European University, Working Paper
Series},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds49034}
}
%% Toniolo, Gianni
@article{fds367251,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {The Bank of Italy, A Short History, 1893-1998},
Pages = {298-327},
Booktitle = {Sveriges Riksbank and the History of Central
Banking},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781107193109},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108140430.009},
Doi = {10.1017/9781108140430.009},
Key = {fds367251}
}
@book{fds357903,
Author = {Holtfrerich, CL and Reis, J and Toniolo, G},
Title = {The emergence of Modern Central Banking from 1918 to the
present},
Pages = {1-385},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9781859282410},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315240015},
Abstract = {The twentieth century has seen the rise of modern central
banking. At its close, it is also witnessing the first steps
in the decline of the role of some of the most famous of
these institutions. In this volume, some of the world's best
known specialists examine the process whereby central banks
emerged and asserted themselves within the economic and
political spheres of their respective countries. Although
the theory and the political economy that presided over
their creation did not show great divergence across borders,
a considerable institutional variety was nevertheless the
result. Among the many factors responsible for this
diversity, attention is drawn here not only to the
idiosyncrasies of domestic financial systems and to the
occurrence of political shocks with major monetary
repercussions, such as wars, but also to the peculiarities
of each economy and of the political and social climate
reigning at the time when central banks were created or
formalized. The twelve essays cover European, Asian and
American experiences and many of them use a comparative
approach.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315240015},
Key = {fds357903}
}
@article{fds329910,
Author = {Toniolo, G and White, EN},
Title = {The Evolution of the Financial Stability Mandate: From its
Origins to the Present Day},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds329910}
}
@book{fds344737,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Rees, M},
Title = {An economic history of liberal Italy 1850-1918},
Pages = {1-181},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781138830509},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315737263},
Abstract = {This book, first published in 1990, examines Italy’s
economic history from its Unification in 1850 to the end of
the First World War. Particular attention is paid to the
extent to which Italy exhibits the features of Kaznets’s
model of ‘modern economic growth’. An Economic History
of Liberal Italy begins with a quantitative assessment of
Italy’s long-term growth in this period. All of the main
relevant variables - including production, consumption,
investment, foreign trade, government spending, and welfare
- are discussed. The book proceeds through a chronological
account of the developments of the economy during this
period, and concludes with a critical survey of the relevant
historiography. Throughout the book emphasis is given to
structural changes, to developments in the main industries,
to the relations between different sectors of the economy,
and to economic policies. This book is ideal for those
studying economics of Italian history.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315737263},
Key = {fds344737}
}
@book{fds329911,
Title = {The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy Since
Unification},
Editor = {Toniolo, G},
Year = {2013},
ISBN = {9780199936694},
Abstract = {This Oxford Handbook provides a fresh overall view and
interpretation of the modern economic growth of one of the
largest European countries, whose economic history is less
known internationally than that of other comparably large
and successful economies. It will provide, for the first
time, a comprehensive, quantitative "new economic history"
of Italy. The handbook offers an interpretation of the main
successes and failures of the Italian economy at a macro
level, the research--conducted by a large international team
of scholars --contains entirely new quantitative results and
interpretations, spanning the entire 150-year period since
the unification of Italy, on a large number of issues. By
providing a comprehensive view of the successes and failures
of Italian firms, workers, and policy makers in responding
to the challenges of the international business cycle, the
book crucially shapes relevant questions on the reasons for
the current unsatisfactory response of the Italian economy
to the ongoing "second globalization." Most chapters of the
handbook are co-authored by both an Italian and a foreign
scholar. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/oso/public/content/oho_economics/9780199936694/toc.html
Contributors to this volume - Brian A'Hearn: Pembroke
College, Oxford Franco Amatori: Universita Commerciale Luigi
Bocconi Alberto Baffigi: Banca d'Italia Fabrizio Balassone:
Banca d'Italia Federico Barbiellini Amidei: Banca d'Italia
Stefano Battilossi: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Giuseppe Berta: Universita Commerciale Luigi Bocconi
Giuseppe Bertola: EDHEC Business School Magda Bianco: Banca
d'Italia Andrea Boltho: Oxford University Andrea Brandolini:
Banca d'Italia Stephen Broadberry: London School of
Economics Matteo Bugamelli: Banca d'Italia John Cantwell:
Rutgers Business School Andrea Colli: Universita Commerciale
Luigi Bocconi Nicholas Crafts: University of Warwick
Marcello De Cecco: Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa Virginia
Di Nino: Banca d'Italia Barry Eichengreen: University of
California, Berkeley Giovanni Federico: European University
Institute Maura Francese: Banca d'Italia Alfredo
Gigliobianco: Banca d'Italia Claire Giordano: Banca d'Italia
Matteo Gomellini: Banca d'Italia Luigi Guiso: Einaudi
Institute for Economics and Finance Giovanni Iuzzolino:
Banca d'Italia Harold James: Princeton University Marco
Magnani: Banca d'Italia Giuseppe Marinelli: Banca d'Italia
Giulio Napolitano: Universita degli studi Roma Tre Cormac
O'Grada: University College Dublin Fabrizio Onida:
Universita Commerciale Luigi Bocconi Kevin O'Rourke:
University of Oxford Angelo Pace: Banca d'Italia Guido
Pellegrini: Sapienza Universita di Roma Mario Perugini:
Universita Luigi Bocconi Paolo Pinotti: Universita Luigi
Bocconi Massimo Sbracia: Banca d'Italia Paolo Sestito: Banca
d'Italia Anna Spadavecchia: University of Reading Gianni
Toniolo: Universita LUISS-Roma and Duke University Giovanni
Vecchi: Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata Anthony
Venables: University of Oxford Gianfranco Viesti: Universita
degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Nikolaus Wolf: Humboldt
University Berlin Francesco Zollino: Banca
d'Italia},
Key = {fds329911}
}
@article{fds313549,
Author = {Crafts, N and Toniolo, G},
Title = {'Les Trente Glorieuses': From the Marshall Plan to the Oil
Crisis},
Booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Postwar European History},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISBN = {9780199560981},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560981.013.0018},
Abstract = {The French economist Jean Fourastié called them 'les trente
glorieuses'. The Germans and the Italians coined the words
Wirtschaft swunder and miracolo economico, respectively. No
matter how the thirty-odd years after the end of World War
II were characterised by Europe's various cultures, they
stand out as the period of the fastest economic growth in
the continent's history. In retrospect, the years between
the late 1940s and the early 1970s have been seen as a
Golden Age, when the foundations of future prosperity were
established on firm ground. This article analyses the most
relevant features of Europe's extraordinary growth during
the 'glorious thirty', and tries to explain why, after all,
there was nothing 'miraculous' about them. In doing so, it
takes a broad perspective of Europe as a single region
within the world economy, although divided into two areas by
an 'Iron Curtain'. The article also looks at postwar
reconstruction, trade and the process of European
integration, the international monetary system in Western
Europe, and the end and the long-term impact of the Golden
Age.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560981.013.0018},
Key = {fds313549}
}
@book{fds343330,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Foreword},
Pages = {vii-x},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9783110114409},
Key = {fds343330}
}
@book{fds343331,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Central banks' independence in historical
perspective},
Pages = {1-198},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISBN = {9783110114409},
Abstract = {Modern central banks came of age in the inter-war period. By
then, they valued their independence as an essential feature
of central banking. Strong, Norman and Moreau were ready to
stand by the freedom of their institutions at any price. And
independence from national governments was considered a
prerequisite for the admission to the club of central banks:
they were unwilling, for instance, to enter into large
commitments with the Bank of Italy so long as it remained
under the dominance of Treasury.},
Key = {fds343331}
}
@article{fds239117,
Author = {Cesarano, F and Cifarelli, G and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Exchange Rate Regimes and Reserve Policy: The Italian Lira,
1883-1911},
Journal = {Open Economies Review},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {253-275},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0923-7992},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11079-010-9182-0},
Abstract = {The three exchange rate regimes adopted by Italy from 1883
up to the eve of World War I - the gold standard
(1883-1893), floating rates (1894-1902), and "gold
shadowing" (1903-1911)-produced a puzzling result: formal
adherence to the gold standard ended in failure while
shadowing the gold standard proved very successful. This
paper discusses the main policies underlying Italy's
performance particularly focusing on the strategy of reserve
accumulation. It presents a cointegration analysis
identifying a distinct co-movement between exchange rate,
reserves, and banknotes that holds over the three
sub-periods of the sample. Given this long-run relationship,
the different performance in each regime is explained by the
diversity of policy measures, reflected in the different
variables adjusting the system in the various regimes.
Italy's variegated experience during the gold standard
provides a valuable lesson about current developments in the
international scenario, showing the central role of
fundamentals and consistent policies. © 2010 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11079-010-9182-0},
Key = {fds239117}
}
@article{fds313550,
Author = {Conte, L and Toniolo, G and Vecchi, G},
Title = {Lessons from Italy's Monetary Unification (1862-1880) for
the Euro and Europe's Single Market},
Pages = {315-338},
Booktitle = {P.A. David and M. Thomas (eds.), The Economic Future in
Historical Perspective},
Publisher = {British Academy},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780197263471},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000229310100011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This chapter examines the effects of monetary unification on
market integration. It offers a new perspective on the
Euro's likely effectiveness in achieving the 'Single Market'
goal of European economic integration, by examining the
impact of a nineteenth-century national currency reform. It
looks back at the experience of Italian monetary unification
after 1861 and describes how rapidly the prices of the basic
factors of production, wages, and interest rates began to
converge after the introduction of the national
currency.},
Doi = {10.5871/bacad/9780197263471.003.0011},
Key = {fds313550}
}
@book{fds329912,
Title = {The Past and Future of Central Bank Cooperation},
Editor = {Borio, C and Toniolo, G and Clement, P},
Year = {2011},
Abstract = {This book explores the past and future of central bank
cooperation. In today's global economy, the cooperation
between central banks is a key element in maintaining or
restoring monetary and financial stability, thereby ensuring
a smooth functioning of the international financial system.
In this book, economists, historians, and political
scientists look back at the experience of central bank
cooperation during the past century - at its goals, nature,
and processes and at its successes and failures - and draw
lessons for the future. Particular attention is devoted to
the role played by central bank cooperation in the
formulation of minimum capital standards for internationally
active banks (the Basel Capital Accord, Basel II), and in
the process of European monetary unification and the
introduction of the Euro.},
Key = {fds329912}
}
@article{fds329913,
Author = {TONIOLO, G},
Title = {Global Imbalances and the Lessons of Bretton Woods. The
Cairoli Lectures, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella. By Barry
Eichengreen. Cambridge, MA and London: The MIT Press, 2007.
Pp. xiv, 187. $26.00.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {70},
Number = {01},
Pages = {259-260},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds329913}
}
@article{fds329914,
Author = {TONIOLO, G},
Title = {Global Imbalances and the Lessons of Bretton Woods. The
Cairoli Lectures, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella. By Barry
Eichengreen. Cambridge, MA and London: The MIT Press, 2007.
Pp. xiv, 187. $26.00.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {70},
Number = {1},
Pages = {259-260},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050710000215},
Doi = {10.1017/s0022050710000215},
Key = {fds329914}
}
@misc{fds180245,
Author = {G. Toniolo and N. Crafts},
Title = {“Aggregate Growth 1950 – 2005”,},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {296-332},
Booktitle = {The Cambridge Economic History of Modern
Europe,},
Publisher = {Cambridge Univesrity Press},
Editor = {S. Broadberry and K. O'Rourke},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds180245}
}
@article{fds329915,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {A History of Central Banking in Great Britain and the United
States. By John H. Wood. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 2005. Pp. index, 439.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {69},
Number = {02},
Pages = {613-614},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds329915}
}
@article{fds329916,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {A History of Central Banking in Great Britain and the United
States. By John H. Wood. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 2005. Pp. index, 439.},
Journal = {The Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {69},
Number = {02},
Pages = {613-613},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050709001016},
Doi = {10.1017/s0022050709001016},
Key = {fds329916}
}
@article{fds329917,
Author = {Gigliobianco, A and Giordano, C and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Innovation and Regulation in the Wake of Financial Crises in
Italy (1880s-1930s)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds329917}
}
@book{fds166667,
Author = {G. Toniolo and A. Gigliobianco},
Title = {Financial Market Regulation after Financial Crises: The
Historical Experience},
Booktitle = {Banca d'Italia, Roma 2009},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds166667}
}
@book{fds166668,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P.Temin. C. Feinstein},
Title = {The World Economy Between the Wars,},
Booktitle = {Oxford Univesrity Press, 2008},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds166668}
}
@article{fds328438,
Author = {Filippo, C and Giulio, C and Gianni, T},
Title = {Exchange Rate Regimes and Reserve Policy on the Periphery:
The Italian Lira 1883-1911},
Year = {2009},
Abstract = {The three exchange rate regimes adopted by Italy from 1883
up to the eve of World War I — the gold standard
(1883-1893), floating rates (1894-1902), and “gold
shadowing” (1903-1911) — produced a puzzling result:
formal adherence to the gold standard ended in failure while
shadowing the gold standard proved very successful. This
paper discusses the main policies underlying Italy’s
performance particularly focusing on the strategy of reserve
accumulation. It presents a cointegration analysis
identifying a distinct co-movement between exchange rate,
reserves, and banknotes that holds over the three
sub-periods of the sample. Given this long-run relationship,
the different performance in each regime is explained by the
diversity of policy measures, reflected in the different
variables adjusting the system in the various regimes.
Italy’s variegated experience during the gold standard
provides a valuable lesson about current developments in the
international scenario, showing the central role of
fundamenals and consistent policies.},
Key = {fds328438}
}
@book{fds313548,
Author = {Feinstein, CH and Temin, P and Toniolo, G},
Title = {The world economy between the world wars},
Pages = {1-236},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780195307559},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307559.001.0001},
Abstract = {This book surveys the main events in the international
economy from the outbreak of the First World War to the end
of the Second World War: a period of time variously defined
as the "globalization backlash", the "Second Thirty Years
War", or simply "the World in Depression". The book starts
with the unfortunate peace settlement after the First World
War and progresses to the ensuing hyperinflations and
financial crises; from the attempts at rebuilding an
international economic and monetary order in the face of
rapid technical progress and productivity growth to the
policy mistakes that brought about the Great Depression -
the most devastating economic depression in human history;
from wide-spread long-term unemployment to overall autarky
and a second global conflagration. The opening chapter puts
the interwar years in the long-term quantitative perspective
of economic development over the whole of the 20th century
while the final chapter highlights the long-run impact of
the interwar years on the growth and policy features of the
prosperous decades that followed the end of the Second World
War.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307559.001.0001},
Key = {fds313548}
}
@book{fds313551,
Author = {Borio, C and Toniolo, G and Clement, P},
Title = {The past and future of central bank cooperation},
Pages = {1-245},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Borio, C and Toniolo, G and Clement, P},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521877794},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510779},
Abstract = {This book explores the past and future of central bank
cooperation. In today’s global economy, the cooperation
between central banks is a key element in maintaining or
restoring monetary and financial stability, thereby ensuring
a smooth functioning of the international financial system.
Or is it? In this book, economists, historians, and
political scientists look back at the experience of central
bank cooperation during the past century – at its goals,
nature, and processes and at its successes and failures –
and draw lessons for the future. Particular attention is
devoted to the role played by central bank cooperation in
the formulation of minimum capital standards for
internationally active banks (the Basel Capital Accord,
Basel II), and in the process of European monetary
unification and the introduction of the euro.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511510779},
Key = {fds313551}
}
@article{fds341120,
Author = {Borio, C and Toniolo, G},
Title = {One hundred and thirty years of central bank cooperation: A
BIS perspective},
Pages = {16-75},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521877794},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510779.002},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The idea that an “international bank”
would facilitate central bank cooperation dates back to the
late nineteenth century (Toniolo 2005: 20–23). It was
officially revived in the immediate postwar period,
particularly at the 1922 Genoa economic conference. In
keeping with the vision of Governor Montagu Norman of the
Bank of England, the Bank for International Settlements
(BIS), established in 1930 to facilitate the transfer of
German reparations, was also given the mission of promoting
central bank cooperation. Since July 1931, when the Hoover
moratorium put an end to reparations, central bank
cooperation has been the main objective of the BIS. The 1935
BIS Annual Report asked: “Cooperation on what? With what
objectives in view? How?” With the insight of 130 years of
history, this chapter tries to answer three questions: How
did changing international monetary and financial conditions
shape the targets and tools of central bank cooperation?
What conditions determined its intensity? Did a structured
organization, such as the BIS, make a difference? This
chapter will not discuss the desirability of cooperation. We
focus primarily on the process, rather than the ultimate
outcomes of cooperation, and we do so from a positive rather
than normative perspective. In other words, while we fully
recognize that cooperation based on the wrong “model” of
how the economy works or on the wrong analysis of current
and future conditions can have perverse effects, we do not
make such assessments in the scope of our
analysis.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511510779.002},
Key = {fds341120}
}
@book{fds151568,
Author = {G. Toniolo and C. Borio and P. Clement},
Title = {Past and Present of Central Bank Cooperation},
Publisher = {Cambridge Univesrity Press},
Year = {2008},
ISBN = {978-0-521-87779-4},
Abstract = {The book economists, historians and political scientists
look back at the experience of central bank cooperation
during the past century, at its goals, nature, and
processes, and at its successes and failures, and draw
lessons for the future. Particular attention is devoted to
the role played by central bank cooperation in the
formulation of minimum capital standards for internationally
active banks and in the process of European monetary
unification.},
Key = {fds151568}
}
@article{fds239119,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Vecchi, G},
Title = {“Italian Children at Work”},
Journal = {Il Giornale degli Economisti e Annali d’Economia,},
Volume = {CXX},
Number = {3},
Pages = {401-427},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {This paper quantifies the extent and the main
characteristics of child work in Italy during the years
1881-1961. From population censuses, we created a new
database of the economically active population aged 10-14 by
gender, region, and economic sector. We find that child work
incidence declined sharply over time, from 64.3 percent in
1881 to 3.6 percent in 1961. This pattern holds true both
nationally and within regions. The new body of evidence we
provide casts serious doubts on international comparisons
which portray post-war Italy as a country with peculiarly
high employment rates for children. Our findings also
challenge the view that the initial phases of
industrialization had a negative impact on the living
standards of Italian children. We show that, in the case of
Italy, industrialization coincided with a decline in the
employment of children. Our analysis of the determinants of
child work suggests that (i) changes in the allocation of
total active population among productive sectors explain
only a small amount of changes in the employment of
children; (ii) changes in labor and compulsory-schooling
legislation indicates that the impact of institutions on
child labor was modest until the late 1930s. Overall, the
increasing GDP per head was probably the main, but not the
only, driving force behind declining child work
incidence.},
Key = {fds239119}
}
@article{fds329918,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {The Italian economy from the unity to the Great
War.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF MODERN ITALIAN STUDIES},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-132},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds329918}
}
@book{fds313552,
Author = {Rhode, PW and Toniolo, G},
Title = {The global economy in the 1990s: A long-run
perspective},
Pages = {1-319},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {G. Toniolo and P. Rhode},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521852630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511616464},
Abstract = {The 1990s were an extraordinary, contradictory, and
fascinating period of economic development. Specifically,
the ‘boom’ of the 1990s and the way that it ended evoked
many historical precedents, particularly, past bubbles and
‘busts’. In this book, contributions by eminent economic
historians examine key issues such as the causes and
sustainability of productive growth in the U.S., the
sluggish growth in Europe and stagnation in Japan. They
assess whether, seen in long-run perspective, the 1990s does
actually fall into a familiar pattern of economic activity
or whether it represents a watershed in economic
history.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511616464},
Key = {fds313552}
}
@article{fds313547,
Author = {Rhode, PW and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Understanding the 1990s: A long-run perspective},
Pages = {1-20},
Booktitle = {The Global Economy in the 1990s: A Long-Run
Perspective},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521852630},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511616464.002},
Abstract = {Introduction: The twentieth century both opened and closed
with a bang: The belle epoque before 1914 and the “roaring
nineties” (Stiglitz, 2003) just past. It was only after
the First World War that people looked back at the 1895-1914
period with nostalgia as a “beautiful era” of spreading
prosperity, peaceful technical progress, low inflation, and
modest financial instability. The 1990s, on the contrary,
were seen as the “best of times” (Johnson, 2001) by many
of those who lived through the decade - at least, those in
the United States. Will future historians confirm this view?
If the twentieth century is any guide, much will depend on
how the twenty-first century unfolds. If peace again
prevails, if productivity growth continues apace at the
economic center and spreads to the periphery, if means are
found to govern the international economy in ways that make
the costs of globalization socially acceptable, then the
1990s may well be remembered as a moment in human history
when the foundations were laid for a long period of
sustainable growth. If, on the other hand, social,
political, and economic instability prevails, as it did
after the First World War, then people may indeed look back
at the 1990s as “the best of times,” creating the myth
of another belle epoque. Posterity will magnify the virtues
of the last decade in the twentieth century and ignore its
shortcomings.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511616464.002},
Key = {fds313547}
}
@book{fds27365,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Central Bank Cooperation at the Bank for International
Settlements},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press, New York},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds27365}
}
@article{fds239139,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {“La storia economica dell’Italia liberale: una
rivoluzione in atto”},
Journal = {Rivista di Storia Economica},
Volume = {19},
Pages = {247-264},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds239139}
}
@article{fds313546,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Laudatio patritii: Patrick O’brien and European economic
history},
Volume = {9780521793049},
Pages = {283-293},
Booktitle = {Exceptionalism and Industrialisation: Britain and its
European Rivals, 1688-1815},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780521793049},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511523830.014},
Abstract = {A tradition going back to the Middle Ages prescribes that
symposia celebrating a distinguished scholar end with the
latter’s laudatio. It is for me both an honour and a
pleasure to perform this task. My friendship with Patrick
dates back to 1977 when he introduced me to St Antony’s,
my intellectual home for years to come. Unfortunately, this
laudatio will be the least original of all the papers
collected in this book. We are all members of a community
that has long drawn upon Patrick’s intellectual and
personal gifts. We all have studied his books and papers,
learned from his lectures and seminars, benefited from his
advice, relished his wit, delighted in his company. And many
of us have experienced the warmth of his loyal friendship.
Can I possibly add anything new to all this? My task is made
even more difficult by the fact that I am no expert of
British economic history. I am, however, encouraged by the
width of Patrick’s scholarship, his contribution to our
understanding of economic history being by no means confined
to his country of origin. Even so, a full, if cursory,
review of Patrick O’Brien’s work is beyond my
capability. The sheer quantity of his production-fifty-three
papers in the last decade alone-defies any attempt by this
laudatio to systematically analyse Patrick’s work. Let me
just recall that Patrick’s first published papers dealt
with the economic history of Britain and
Egypt.},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511523830.014},
Key = {fds313546}
}
@book{fds26013,
Author = {G. Toniolo and V. Visco},
Title = {Il declino economico dell'Italia},
Publisher = {Bruno Mondadori},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26013}
}
@article{fds26014,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {L' Italia verso il declino economico?},
Pages = {7-29},
Booktitle = {Il declino economico dell' Italia},
Publisher = {Bruno Mondadori},
Editor = {G. Toniolo and V. Visco},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26014}
}
@article{fds239137,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Conte, L and Vecchi, G},
Title = {Monetary Union, institutions and financial market
integration: Italy, 1862-1905},
Journal = {Explorations in Economic History},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {443-461},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2003.08.001},
Abstract = {Years into the single currency, EMU financial markets are
not fully integrated. We argue that the phenomenon can be
better understood by looking at financial markets' behavior
in the wake of Italy's monetary unification (1862).
Variables such as the spread of the telegraph, trade
volumes, and the diffusion of the 'single currency' fail to
explain why it took 25 years for prices across regional
stock exchanges to converge. A single Italian financial
market appeared only when the State prevailed upon local
vested interests by enforcing nation-wide financial market
legislation. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.eeh.2003.08.001},
Key = {fds239137}
}
@book{fds10749,
Title = {Storia Economica d'Italia},
Volume = {4},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Editor = {P. Ciocca and G. Toniolo},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds10749}
}
@article{fds239138,
Author = {Rossi, N and Toniolo, G and Vecchi, G},
Title = {Is the Kuznets curve still alive? Evidence from Italian
household budgets, 1881-1961},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {904-925},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0507},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050701042024},
Abstract = {We investigate secular changes in the distribution of
personal expenditure in Italy. To this end we present a new
data set, consisting of 4,370 family-level budgets scattered
over the years 1881-1961. Our methodology is innovative for
this kind of study. Italy's secular trend proves to have
been egalitarian, and to have accelerated in periods of fast
output growth. Sectoral, residential, and demographic
changes associated with "modern economic growth" account for
a minor part of the observed changes in expenditure
distribution, suggesting that other factors, such as wage
differentials, play a dominant role in explaining the
dynamics of inequality.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0022050701042024},
Key = {fds239138}
}
@book{fds27369,
Author = {G. Toniolo and M. De Cecco},
Title = {Storia della Cassa Depositi e Prestiti},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds27369}
}
@article{fds239136,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Boltho, A},
Title = {"The Assessment: The Twentieth Century - Achievements,
Failures, Lessons"},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {XV},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-17},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Winter},
Abstract = {The past century saw unprecedented rises in life expectancy
and living standards. It also witnessed major structural
changes, the rise of 'big government' and two
globalizations. Yet, the century's economic history was
marred by policy and market failures resulting in a massive
world-wide depression, frequent financial crises
(particularly in the developing world), and several
inflation spurts. Central planning set back development for
one-third of the world's population; transition to the
market economy was at best slow, in some instances
disastrous. Income distribution within countries changed
little, while productivity convergence between rich and poor
economies was virtually absent. Policy-making learnt some
lessons from the 1930s experience, particularly in the areas
of macroeconomic management, international cooperation, and
free trade. Dogmatic recipes, however, were often resorted
to at home, aided and abetted by the pretensions of the
economics profession.},
Key = {fds239136}
}
@article{fds304448,
Author = {Boltho, A and Toniolo, G},
Title = {The assessment: The twentieth century - achievements,
failures, lessons},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-17},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/15.4.1},
Abstract = {The past century saw unprecedented rises in life expectancy
and living standards. It also witnessed major structural
changes, the rise of 'big government' and two
globalizations. Yet, the century's economic history was
marred by policy and market failures resulting in a massive
world-wide depression, frequent financial crises
(particularly in the developing world), and several
inflation spurts. Central planning set back development for
one-third of the world's population; transition to the
market economy was at best slow, in some instances
disastrous. Income distribution within countries changed
little, while productivity convergence between rich and poor
economies was virtually absent. Policy-making learnt some
lessons from the 1930s experience, particularly in the areas
of macroeconomic management, international cooperation, and
free trade. Dogmatic recipes, however, were often resorted
to at home, aided and abetted by the pretensions of the
economics profession.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/15.4.1},
Key = {fds304448}
}
@book{fds10755,
Title = {The Emergence of Modern Central Banking from 1918 to the
Present},
Publisher = {Ashgate, Aldershot},
Editor = {G. Toniolo and C. L. Holtfrerich and J.
Reis},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds10755}
}
@book{fds27371,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P. Ciocca},
Title = {Storia economica d’Italia, Vol. II - Annali},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds27371}
}
@misc{fds180263,
Author = {G. Toniolo and A. Gigliobianco e G. Piluso},
Title = {"Il rapporto banca-impresa in Italia negli anni
cinquanta"},
Pages = {225-302},
Booktitle = {Stabilita e sviluppo negli anni cinquanta, Toma 3 Politica
bancaria e structura del sistema finanziario},
Editor = {F. Cotula},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds180263}
}
@article{fds304449,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Europe's golden age, 1950-1973: Speculations from a long-run
perspective},
Journal = {Economic History Review},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {252-267},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0013-0117},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0289.00090},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0289.00090},
Key = {fds304449}
}
@book{fds27372,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P. Ciocca},
Title = {Storia economica d’Italia, Vol. I - Interpretazioni},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds27372}
}
@misc{fds180246,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Does History have Useful Economics? Lessons from Europe’s
Golden Age (1950-73)},
Journal = {Contemporay Economic Issue. Proceedings of the Eleventh
World Congress of The International Economic Association,
Tunis},
Pages = {83-102},
Publisher = {Mc Millan, Houndsmill etc},
Editor = {Y. MUNDLAK},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds180246}
}
@misc{fds180264,
Author = {P. Ciocca and G. Toniolo (a cura di)},
Title = {Introduzione},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds180264}
}
@article{fds239135,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Europe’s golden age, 1950-73: speculations from a long-run
perspective},
Journal = {The Economic History Review},
Volume = {LI},
Number = {2},
Pages = {252-267},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0013-0117},
Key = {fds239135}
}
@manual{fds26006,
Author = {G. Toniolo and C. Feinstein and P. Temin},
Title = {The European Economy Between the Wars},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds26006}
}
@misc{fds27437,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Il migliore, il peggiore dei secoli},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds27437}
}
@article{fds239114,
Author = {Crafts, N and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Economic growth in Europe since 1945},
Journal = {Economic growth in Europe since 1945},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This volume re-examines the topic of economic growth in
Europe after WWII. Specialist contributors provide new
theoretical approaches to the subject, utilising the
experience of the 1980s. The analysis is largely based on
applied economics and economic history. Emphasis is given to
the presentation of chronological and institutional detail.
The introductory chapters explore general European
institutional arrangements and historical evidence. The case
study papers are presented from the national case study
approach. Individual chapters cover Belgium, Denmark,
Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands,
Portugal, Sweden and the UK. The book attempts to shed new
light on the economic experience of Europe, based on new
insights that have not emerged under previous studies of the
post-1960 period. -after Publisher},
Key = {fds239114}
}
@article{fds376544,
Author = {Crafts, N and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Economic growth in Europe since 1945},
Journal = {Economic growth in Europe since 1945},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This volume re-examines the topic of economic growth in
Europe after WWII. Specialist contributors provide new
theoretical approaches to the subject, utilising the
experience of the 1980s. The analysis is largely based on
applied economics and economic history. Emphasis is given to
the presentation of chronological and institutional detail.
The introductory chapters explore general European
institutional arrangements and historical evidence. The case
study papers are presented from the national case study
approach. Individual chapters cover Belgium, Denmark,
Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands,
Portugal, Sweden and the UK. The book attempts to shed new
light on the economic experience of Europe, based on new
insights that have not emerged under previous studies of the
post-1960 period. -after Publisher},
Key = {fds376544}
}
@misc{fds180247,
Author = {G. Toniolo and N. Rossi},
Title = {Italy},
Pages = {427 - 454},
Booktitle = {Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge},
Editor = {N. CRAFTS and G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds180247}
}
@misc{fds180248,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Postwar Growth : An Overview},
Pages = {1-37},
Booktitle = {Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge},
Editor = {N. CRAFTS and G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds180248}
}
@book{fds27374,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Storia del Banco di Sardegna. Credito, istituzioni, sviluppo
dal XVIII al XX secolo},
Publisher = {, Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27374}
}
@misc{fds180249,
Author = {G. Toniolo and C. Feinstein and P.Temin},
Title = {International Economic Organization: Banking, Finance, and
Trade in Europe beteween the Wars},
Journal = {C. FEINSTEIN},
Series = {Banking, Currency and Finance in Europe between the
Wars},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds180249}
}
@misc{fds180250,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Italian banking, 1919 - 1939},
Pages = {296 - 314},
Booktitle = {Banking, Currency and Finance in Europe between the
Wars},
Publisher = {Clarendon Press, Oxford},
Editor = {C. FEINSTEIN},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds180250}
}
@misc{fds27438,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Prefazione},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27438}
}
@misc{fds180251,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {The rise and fall of the German-type bank in Italy,
1894-1934},
Pages = {433 - 44},
Booktitle = {Entrepreneurship and the Transformation of the Economy (10th
to 20th Centuries). Essays in honour of Hreman van der
Wee.},
Publisher = {Leuven},
Editor = {E. Van Cauwenberghe et alii},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds180251}
}
@article{fds239134,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Temin, P and Feinstein, C},
Title = {Three shocks, Two Recoveries? Historical Parallels for the
end of the cold War},
Journal = {Rivista di Storia Economica, 2nd Series},
Volume = {XI},
Pages = {297-316},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds239134}
}
@book{fds27363,
Author = {G. Toniolo and G. Guarino},
Title = {La Banca d'Italia e il sistema bancario,
1919-1936},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds27363}
}
@misc{fds27439,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Critica de Barry Eichengreen 'Golden Fetters'},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds27439}
}
@article{fds239113,
Author = {Faini, R and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Reconsidering Japanese deflation during the
1920s},
Journal = {Explorations in Economic History},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-143},
Booktitle = {Explorations in Economic History},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0014-4983},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4983(92)90008-K},
Abstract = {This paper takes issue with a mainstream view according to
which the alleged poor performance of the Japanese economy
during the 1920s was the result of the deflationary
macroeconomic policies: such policies were repeatedly
announced but not implemented until 1929. Price deflation is
explained with a model showing that the announcement of a
future appreciation of the exchange rate will lead to a
decline in the price level. Both in international
perspective and in light of later Japanese events, it is
difficult to hold a negative view of the inability of
Japanese governments to implement consistent deflationary
policies during the 1920s. © 1992.},
Doi = {10.1016/0014-4983(92)90008-K},
Key = {fds239113}
}
@article{fds239133,
Author = {ROSSI, N and TONIOLO, G},
Title = {Catching up or falling behind? Italy's economic growth,
1895‐1947},
Journal = {The Economic History Review},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {537-563},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0013-0117},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992JH53300005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0289.1992.tb02151.x},
Key = {fds239133}
}
@book{fds27375,
Author = {G. Toniolo and R.E.Sylla},
Title = {Patterns of European Industrialization: the Nineteenth
Century},
Publisher = {Routledge, London},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds27375}
}
@misc{fds180252,
Author = {G. Toniolo and R. E. Sylla},
Title = {Introduction: Patterns of European industrialization during
the nineteenth century},
Pages = {1-26},
Booktitle = {Patterns of European Industrialization: The Nineteenth
Century},
Publisher = {Routledge, London},
Editor = {R. E. SYLLA and G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds180252}
}
@misc{fds180253,
Author = {G. Toniolo and G.Federico},
Title = {Italy},
Pages = {197-217},
Publisher = {Routledge, London},
Editor = {R.E. SYLLA and G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds180253}
}
@misc{fds180254,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P. K. O'Brien},
Title = {The poverty of Italy and the backwardness of its agriculture
before 1914},
Pages = {385-409},
Booktitle = {Land, Labour and Livestock. Historical studies in European
agricultural productivity},
Publisher = {Manchester University Press, Manchester and New
York},
Editor = {B.M.S. CAMPBELL and M. OVERTON},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds180254}
}
@article{fds239132,
Author = {Faini, R and Toniolo, G},
Title = {Deflation reconsidered: Japan in the 1920s},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2-3},
Pages = {616-623},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0014-2921},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(90)90134-K},
Abstract = {The paper takes issue with a mainstream view according to
which the alleged poor performance of the Japanese economy
during the 1920s was the result of deflationary
macroeconomic policies. There is evidence that government
spending was moderately on the deficit side and more so at
times of falling aggregate demand. Money supply increased
throughout the period. The Bank of Japan followed an
'accommodating' (demand-pulled) loan policy. Price deflation
is explained by a model which leads to the prediction that
the announcement of a future appreciation of the exchange
rate will lead to an immediate decline in the price level
followed by a steady downward path until a new steady state
is reached. The authors conclude that the inability to
deflate was a blessing in disguise, if seen in the
perspective both of contemporary international events and of
the Japanese policies of 1929-1931. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/0014-2921(90)90134-K},
Key = {fds239132}
}
@book{fds26007,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {An Economic History of Liberal Italy, 1850-1918},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds26007}
}
@book{fds27362,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {La Banca d'Italia e l’ economia di guerra, 1914 -
1919},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds27362}
}
@book{fds27376,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Central Banks' Independence in Historical
Perspective},
Publisher = {De Gruyter, Berlin},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds27376}
}
@misc{fds180255,
Author = {G. Toniolo and F. Piva},
Title = {Unemployment in the 1930s: The Case of Italy},
Pages = {221-46},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrocht-Boston-
London},
Editor = {B. EICHENGEEN and T. HATTON},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds180255}
}
@article{fds239112,
Author = {Basevi, G and Toniolo, G},
Title = {'Debt and default in the 1930s: Causes and consequences' by
Barry Eichengreen and Richard Portes},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {641-647},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0014-2921},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(86)90013-9},
Doi = {10.1016/0014-2921(86)90013-9},
Key = {fds239112}
}
@article{fds239127,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Intermediazione finanziaria e sviluppo economico in
Giappone: nota sul periodo 1952-72},
Journal = {Politica Economica},
Volume = {I},
Pages = {259-278},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds239127}
}
@misc{fds180265,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Crises économiques et intervention de l' état en Italie
1893-1937},
Pages = {189-199},
Booktitle = {Etats, fiscalités, économies. Actes du cinquiŠme congrès
de l'Association Francaise des historiens
economistes},
Publisher = {Publications de la Sorbonne, Paris},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds180265}
}
@article{fds239131,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Ciocca, PL},
Title = {Industry and Finance in Italy 1918-1940},
Journal = {The Journal of European Economic History},
Volume = {XIII},
Pages = {113-136},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds239131}
}
@misc{fds180257,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Railways and Economic Growth in Mediterranean Countries:
Some Methodological Remarks},
Pages = {227-36},
Booktitle = {Railways and Economic Development of Western
Europe},
Publisher = {Macmillan, London},
Editor = {P. K. O'BRIEN},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds180257}
}
@article{fds239129,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Costa e, P and Dolcetta, B},
Title = {The New Scale of the City},
Journal = {Architectural Review},
Volume = {CXLIX},
Number = {891},
Pages = {310-312},
Year = {1981},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds239129}
}
@book{fds27364,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {L'economia dell' Italia fascista},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds27364}
}
@misc{fds27440,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Other Publications},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds27440}
}
@book{fds27377,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {L'economia italiana 1861-1940},
Publisher = {Laterza, Roma-Bari},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds27377}
}
@book{fds27378,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Industria e banca durante la grande crisi
(1929-34)},
Publisher = {Etas Libri, Milano},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds27378}
}
@misc{fds180258,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Crisi economica e smobilizzo pubblico delle banche miste
(1930-34)},
Pages = {284-352},
Booktitle = {Industria e banca curane la grande crisi
(1929-35)},
Publisher = {Etas Libri, Milano},
Editor = {G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds180258}
}
@misc{fds180259,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Ricerche recenti e problemi aperti sull'economia italiana
durante la 'grande crisi'},
Pages = {18-32},
Booktitle = {Industria e banca durante la grande crisi
(1929-35),},
Publisher = {Etas Libri, Milano},
Editor = {G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds180259}
}
@article{fds239124,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Cento anni di economia portuale a Venezia},
Journal = {Co.S.E.S. Informazioni},
Volume = {III},
Pages = {33-73},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds239124}
}
@article{fds239125,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Prima fase dello smobilizzo pubblico delle 'banche
miste'},
Journal = {Economia Pubblica},
Pages = {403-417},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds239125}
}
@article{fds239126,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Politica economica fascista e industrializzazione del
Mezzogiorno: alcune considerazioni},
Journal = {Ricerche Economiche},
Volume = {XXXI},
Pages = {177-189},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds239126}
}
@article{fds239130,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Effective Protection and Industrial Growth: The Case of
Italian Engineering (1898-1913)},
Journal = {The Journal of European Economic History},
Volume = {VI},
Pages = {659-673},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds239130}
}
@book{fds27379,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {La "New Economic History", Special issue of Quaderni Storici
n.31},
Pages = {380-461},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds27379}
}
@book{fds27380,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P. Ciocca},
Title = {L'economia italiana nel periodo fascista},
Publisher = {Il Mulino, Bologna},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds27380}
}
@misc{fds180260,
Author = {G. Toniolo and P. L. Ciocca},
Title = {Introduzione},
Pages = {7-18},
Booktitle = {L'economia italiana nel periodo fascista},
Publisher = {Il Mulino, Bologna},
Editor = {P. CIOCCA e G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds180260}
}
@misc{fds180261,
Author = {G. Toniolo,G. Tattara},
Title = {L'industria manifatturiera: cicli, politiche e mutamenti di
struttura (1921-37)",},
Pages = {103-69},
Booktitle = {L'economia italiana nel periodo fascista},
Publisher = {Il Mulino, Bologna},
Editor = {P. CIOCCA e G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds180261}
}
@article{fds239123,
Author = {Toniolo, G and Tattara, G},
Title = {Lo sviluppo industriale italiano tra le due
guerre},
Journal = {Quaderni Storici},
Number = {29/30},
Pages = {377-347},
Year = {1975},
Key = {fds239123}
}
@article{fds239122,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Alcune considerazioni sull'uso della teoria nella storia
economica},
Journal = {Annali della Fondazione Einaudi},
Volume = {VIII},
Pages = {143-150},
Publisher = {Torino},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds239122}
}
@book{fds27381,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {L'economia italiana 1861-1940},
Publisher = {Laterza, Bari},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds27381}
}
@misc{fds180262,
Author = {G. Toniolo},
Title = {Alcune tendenze dello sviluppo economico italiano
1861-1940},
Journal = {Lo sviluppo economico italiano 1861-1940},
Pages = {1-37},
Publisher = {Laterza, Bari},
Editor = {G. TONIOLO},
Year = {1973},
Key = {fds180262}
}
@article{fds239118,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Le fasi dell'industrializzazione italiana e la crisi del
1971-72},
Journal = {Rivista internazionale di Scienze Economiche e
Commerciali},
Volume = {XIX},
Pages = {1040-1053},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds239118}
}
@article{fds239121,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Gino Luzzatto e l'economia italiana nel priodo
giolittiano},
Journal = {Rendiconti},
Volume = {VI},
Pages = {207-225},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds239121}
}
@article{fds239120,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Cause dello sviluppo economico italiano del dopoguerra: una
riconsiderazione},
Journal = {Quaderni Storici},
Number = {16},
Pages = {174-200},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds239120}
}
@article{fds239128,
Author = {Toniolo, G},
Title = {Patterns of Industrial Growth and Italy's Industrialization
from 1894 to 1913},
Journal = {Rendiconti},
Volume = {I},
Pages = {259-283},
Year = {1969},
Key = {fds239128}
}
%% Tower, Edward
@article{fds357303,
Author = {McCarthy, JE and Tower, E},
Title = {Static Indexing Beats Tactical Asset Allocation},
Journal = {Journal of Index Investing},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {41-52},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/JII.2021.1.100},
Abstract = {How do tactical asset allocation funds compare with a
portfolio of index ETFs having the same investment style and
bond-A nd foreign-market-augmented same-style Fama-French
benchmarks? The authors find that portfolios of equally
weighted TAA funds under-returned corresponding portfolios
of index ETFs by gaps ranging from 1.77% to 5.15% per year,
and corresponding Fama-French benchmarks by gaps ranging
from 1.92% per year to 5.08% per year.},
Doi = {10.3905/JII.2021.1.100},
Key = {fds357303}
}
@book{fds359777,
Author = {Sweeney, RJ and Tower, E and Willett, TD},
Title = {Judging economic policy: Selected writings of Gottfried
Haberler},
Pages = {1-246},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780429703638},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429046858},
Abstract = {In this engaging volume, the editors present the influential
work of economist Gottfried Haberler, whom Paul Samuelson
judges qualified for about two-and-a-half Nobel prizes in
economics. Throughout the book, Haberlers essays reveal the
clarity of his analyses and his ability to identify crucial
policy choices, whether grappling with issues of inflation,
unemployment, trade, or development. Presenting Haberler as
the eclectic economist he is, the editors show that far from
being an ideologue, Haberler is an economist who uses
whatever approaches and theories are appropriate for the
problems he considers. Paul Samuelson judges that Gottfried
Haberlers work should qualify him for about two-and-a-half
Nobel Prizes in economicsone for his quantum improvement in
trade theory beyond Ricardos paradigm of labors comparative
advantage, one for his definitive synthesis of business
cycle theory, and beyond these his policy wisdom over a
period of six decades. It is Haberlers policy wisdom that
serves as the basis for this comprehensive collection of the
eminent economists work.Throughout the book, Haberlers
contributions demonstrate the clarity of his analyses for
exploring the complex economics of policy issues and for
identifying key governmental responses to problems of
unemployment, trade, and development. Presenting Haberler as
the eclectic economist he is, the editors show that far from
being an ideologue, Haberler is an economist who uses
whatever approaches and theories are appropriate for the
problems he considers. The portrait that emerges is one of a
multifaceted thinker, able to choose freely among competing
theories and to effectively apply them to complex and
demanding policy issues.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780429046858},
Key = {fds359777}
}
@article{fds353240,
Author = {Li, C and Tower, E and Zhang, R},
Title = {Alternative Measures of Mutual Fund Performance: Ranking
DFA, Fidelity, and Vanguard},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {417-476},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811222634_0017},
Abstract = {This chapter uses four alternative ways to evaluate mutual
fund performance and rank the domestic equity funds of three
leading mutual fund companies: DFA, Fidelity, and Vanguard,
while splitting the Fidelity and Vanguard funds into indexed
and managed portfolios. First, we use the Fama-French
factors to show the extent to which various equally-weighted
fund portfolios out-returned their empirically determined
benchmarks, and characterize the funds according to size and
book-to-market value. Our measure tweaks alpha, the extent
to which a mutual fund outperforms its benchmark, and we
offer a novel interpretation of alpha. Second, we use
Sharpe's (1962) style analysis to explore the robustness of
our analysis. Third, we ask whether funds out-return the
market. Fourth, we compare the fund returns with their
published benchmarks and use Fama-French factors to adjust
for bias in the benchmarks. Return relative to the stock
market reflects style choice, benchmark choice, fees,
transaction efficiency, and income from lending to short
sellers. Fama-French and Sharpe style adjustment abstract
from style choice. Comparison with style-adjusted published
benchmarks further abstracts from benchmark choice. Each
calculation answers a different question. The Fama-French
and Sharpe methods, recorded in Table 6, show that after
style adjustment for Fidelity 2001-2018 the indexed
portfolio out-returned the managed portfolio. The indexed
and managed portfolios from Vanguard and the managed
portfolio from Fidelity 2001-2019 out-returned the U.S.
stock market as did the Fidelity indexed portfolio
2005-2018. In comparison with the style-adjusted published
benchmarks, the Vanguard managed portfolio is the best and
the Fidelity managed portfolio is the worst.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789811222634_0017},
Key = {fds353240}
}
@misc{fds359463,
Author = {Li, C and Tower, E and Zhang, R},
Title = {Alternative measures of mutual fund performance: Ranking
DFA, fidelity, and vanguard},
Pages = {417-476},
Booktitle = {Handbook Of Applied Investment Research},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789811222634},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811222634_0017},
Abstract = {This chapter uses four alternative ways to evaluate mutual
fund perfor-mance and rank the domestic equity funds of
three leading mutual fund companies: DFA, Fidelity, and
Vanguard, while splitting the Fidelity and Vanguard funds
into indexed and managed portfolios. First, we use the
Fama-French factors to show the extent to which various
equally-weighted fund portfolios out-returned their
empirically determined benchmarks, and characterize the
funds according to size and book-to-market value. Our
measure tweaks alpha, the extent to which a mutual fund
outperforms its benchmark, and we offer a novel
interpretation of alpha. Second, we use Sharpe’s (1962)
style analysis to explore the robustness of our analysis.
Third, we ask whether funds out-return the market. Fourth,
we compare the fund returns with their published benchmarks
and use Fama-French factors to adjust for bias in the
benchmarks. Return relative to the stock market re ects
style choice, benchmark choice, fees, transaction effciency,
and income from lending to short sellers. Fama-French and
Sharpe style adjustment abstract from style choice.
Comparison with style-adjusted published benchmarks further
abstracts from benchmark choice. Each calculation answers a
different question. The Fama-French and Sharpe methods,
recorded in Table 6, show that after style adjustment for
Fidelity 2001-2018 the indexed portfolio out-returned the
managed portfolio. The indexed and managed portfo- lios from
Vanguard and the managed portfolio from Fidelity 2001-2019
out-returned the U.S. stock market as did the Fidelity
indexed portfo- lio 2005-2018. In comparison with the
style-adjusted published bench- marks, the Vanguard managed
portfolio is the best and the Fidelity managed portfolio is
the worst.},
Doi = {10.1142/9789811222634_0017},
Key = {fds359463}
}
@article{fds343793,
Author = {Li, C and Tower, E and Zhang, R},
Title = {Evaluating the Changed Collection of Equity Mutual Funds for
Vanguard Participants in the Duke University Retirement
Plan},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds343793}
}
@article{fds343794,
Author = {Li, C and Tower, E and Zhang, R},
Title = {Vanguard versus Fidelity: Multidimensional Comparison of the
Index Funds and ETFs of the Two Largest Mutual Fund
Families},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {283},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds343794}
}
@article{fds320631,
Author = {Wang, Y and Tower, E},
Title = {Do Chinese Investors Get What They Don't Pay For? Expense
Ratios, Loads, and the Returns to China's Open-End Mutual
Funds},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {231},
Pages = {29 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {In this paper we analyze the performance of China's
open-ended mutual funds, using the data of 467 open-ended
mutual funds from 60 fund families from January 2010 through
April 2015. A paradox emerges. High expense ratios are
associated with better performance. Unsurprisingly, in light
of studies of US funds, when we benchmark performance
against stock indexes with the same style, we find that the
performance of most mutual funds does not beat the
collection of indexes that most closely track the fund.
Also, unsurprisingly, we find fund families with high
expense ratios serve investors less well than those with low
expense ratios, and, unsurprisingly in light of research on
the US mutual fund market, the return reduction is larger
than can be accounted for by the difference in expense
ratios. Surprisingly, for most mutual funds we find high and
similar expense ratios. We rank the mutual fund companies
from best to worst, and we name names to help investors pick
relatively good fund companies. Investors would earn higher
returns by investing in mutual funds with low expense ratios
and lower sales loads.},
Key = {fds320631}
}
@article{fds325948,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Transfers and Taxes: How Balancing the Budget with
Distortionary Taxation Further Blesses the Recipient of a
Transfer and Burdens the Donor},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325948}
}
@article{fds333660,
Author = {TOWER, E and YE, YV},
Title = {HOW TAXES AND REAL WAGE INFLEXIBILITY INTERACT TO MAKE TRADE
DEFICITS ADDICTIVE: THE TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BURDENS OF A
TRANSFER},
Journal = {The Singapore Economic Review},
Volume = {61},
Number = {02},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {Previous papers on the transfer problem pay scant attention
to the problems caused by the distortionary taxation that
extracts the gift from the donor nation or the cut in
distortionary taxation that bestows the gift to the
recipient nation. When combined with inflexibility in the
real wage these changes in taxation and the transfer itself
impose a considerable burden to the donor matched by a
considerable blessing to the recipient. We explore these
effects, and conclude that “The Great
Rebalancing” between the US and China needed to cure
the US trade deficit, i.e., to eliminate the transfer that
China is making to the US may bestow a big burden on the US
matched by a big blessing for China.},
Key = {fds333660}
}
@article{fds316646,
Author = {TOWER, EDWARD and YE, YIFANVICTOR},
Title = {How Taxes and Real Wage Inflexibility Interact to Make Trade
Deficits Addictive: The Tertiary and Quaternary Burdens and
Benefits of a Transfer},
Journal = {The Singapore Economic Review},
Volume = {61},
Number = {02},
Pages = {1640026-1640026},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0217-5908},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0217590816400269},
Abstract = {© 2017 World Scientific Publishing CompanyPrevious papers
on the transfer problem pay scant attention to the problems
caused by the distortionary taxation that extracts the gift
from the donor nation or the cut in distortionary taxation
that bestows the gift to the recipient nation. When combined
with inflexibility in the real wage these changes in
taxation and the transfer itself impose a considerable
burden to the donor matched by a considerable blessing to
the recipient. We explore these effects, and conclude that
“The Great Rebalancing” between the US and China needed
to cure the US trade deficit, i.e., to eliminate the
transfer that China is making to the US may bestow a big
burden on the US matched by a big blessing for
China.},
Doi = {10.1142/S0217590816400269},
Key = {fds316646}
}
@article{fds320632,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Should the Equities in the North Carolina State Employees’
Pension Fund Be Indexed or Actively Managed?},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID)},
Number = {210},
Pages = {20 pages},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {R. Ron Elmer is running for Treasurer of the State of North
Carolina. He is aware that the high expenses and high
turnover associated with active management of portfolios
reduce returns. Part of Elmer’s platform is to replace
active management of stock mutual funds, private equity,
real estate funds, real estate partnerships, hedge funds and
commodity funds with an index investment strategy, managed
in house.},
Key = {fds320632}
}
@article{fds325949,
Author = {Lim, H and Tower, E},
Title = {Fundamental versus traditional indexation for international
mutual funds: Evaluating dfa, wisdomtree, and rafi
powershares},
Pages = {331-353},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33976-4_15},
Abstract = {Do fundamental index funds beat traditional ones? The major
companies that offer the new fundamentally indexed
international mutual funds are Dimensional Fund Advisors
(DFA), Research Affiliates, and WisdomTree. A major provider
of traditional international index funds is DFA. We compare
various fundamental international index fund portfolios from
these providers with individualized benchmark portfolios
composed of DFA traditional international funds. For each
family we provide 16 measures of how much an aggregate of
its fundamental indexes outreturned its corresponding DFA
traditional benchmark portfolio through June 2014. Taking
averages, (1) the Research Affiliates PowerShare aggregate
out-returned its corresponding DFA traditional benchmark
portfolio by 1.08?%/year, (2) the DFA fundamental aggregate
under-returned by 0.30?%/year, and (3) the WisdomTree
aggregate under-returned by 0.74?%/year. One cheer for
fundamental international indexation and two for traditional
indexation.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-33976-4_15},
Key = {fds325949}
}
@article{fds324996,
Author = {Cassidy, AW and Tower, E and Wang, X},
Title = {Manufacturing fetishism: The neo-mercantilist preoccupation
with protecting manufacturing},
Pages = {137-175},
Publisher = {World Scientific},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789814520157},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814520164_0006},
Doi = {10.1142/9789814520164_0006},
Key = {fds324996}
}
@misc{fds328793,
Author = {Willett, TD and Tower, E},
Title = {The concept of optimum currency areas and the choice between
fixed and flexible exchange rates},
Pages = {407-415},
Booktitle = {Approaches to Greater Flexibility of Exchange
Rates},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781400867271},
Key = {fds328793}
}
@article{fds320634,
Author = {Paskalev, Z and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A Theory of Outsourced Fundraising: Why Dollars Turn into
'Pennies for Charity'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {137},
Number = {189},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.02.017},
Abstract = {Charities frequently rely on professional solicitors whose
commissions exceed half of total donations. To understand
this practice, we propose a principal-agent model in which
the charity optimally offers a higher commission to a more
“efficient” solicitor, raising the price of giving
significantly. Outsourcing is, therefore, profitable for the
charity only if giving is very price-inelastic. This,
however, clashes with empirical evidence. We show that paid
solicitations can benefit the charity if: (1) donors are
unaware; (2) donors have intense “warm-glow”
preferences; or (3) the charity worries mostly about
watchdog ratings. We argue that informing the public of the
mere existence of paid solicitations may be the most
effective policy available.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2017.02.017},
Key = {fds320634}
}
@article{fds320635,
Author = {Tower, E and Barry, D and Stansky, E},
Title = {GMO's Predictions: A Useful Guide for Investors?},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {How successful are stock market predictions? We explore one
set of easily accessible predictions by a respected firm,
GMO. Specifically, we evaluate how effective GMO’s
predicted stock returns have been in guiding investors from
June 2000 through March 2014. We find that the predictions
have been useful, although based on past history investing
solely in the top one or two performing indexes would have
been an inferior strategy for maximizing return to investing
equal amounts in the three indexes with the top predicted
returns.},
Key = {fds320635}
}
@article{fds333661,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {CAPE: Using Its Variants to Predict the Returns from
Investing in the S&P 500 Index},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {262},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds333661}
}
@article{fds325950,
Author = {Lim, H and Tower, E},
Title = {Enhanced versus Traditional Indexation for International
Mutual Funds: Evaluating DFA, WisdomTree and RAFI
Powershares},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds325950}
}
@article{fds333662,
Author = {Tower, E and Yang, C},
Title = {Vanguard versus the Enhanced Indexers, DFA, RAFI, and
WisdomTree: Is Traditional Indexation Passé?},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds333662}
}
@book{fds320636,
Author = {Gilbert, J and Tower, E},
Title = {Introduction to numerical simulation for trade theory and
policy},
Pages = {1-295},
Publisher = {World Scientific},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789814390811},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/8414},
Abstract = {This volume provides a practical guide to building and using
simulation models for international trade theory and policy.
Through a sequence of carefully constructed and fully
documented programs, the volume illustrates how numerical
simulation can be used to analyze a wide array of problems.
Modern computable general equilibrium (CGE) models for trade
policy are challenging in their complexity, but can be
thought of as constructions of much simpler building blocks.
By developing the building blocks in a consistent manner,
and gradually putting them together in more complex and
interesting ways, the volume makes CGE accessible to anyone
with a background in microeconomics/trade theory. The volume
will be useful to graduate students and researchers in
international trade looking for a detailed guide to building
simulation models and to developing the skill set necessary
to enter into the world of CGE modeling.},
Doi = {10.1142/8414},
Key = {fds320636}
}
@article{fds325951,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Tobin’s Q Versus Cape versus Caper: Predicting Stock
Market Returns Using Fundamentals and Momentum},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds325951}
}
@article{fds239141,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Performance of Actively Managed versus Index Funds: The
Vanguard Case},
Pages = {211-236},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS INC},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118266397.ch12},
Doi = {10.1002/9781118266397.ch12},
Key = {fds239141}
}
@article{fds239142,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Classic and Enhanced Index Funds: Performance and
Issues},
Pages = {237-264},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS INC},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118266397.ch13},
Doi = {10.1002/9781118266397.ch13},
Key = {fds239142}
}
@article{fds325952,
Author = {Gilbert, J and Takahiko, T and Linananda, K and Tower, E and Tuncharoenlarp, A},
Title = {The deadweight cost of war: An illustrative
CGE},
Journal = {Economics of Peace and Security Journal},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {34-40},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {War is costly both because of the resources used up and
because of the inefficiency introduced by the higher taxes
necessary to finance them. War has been justified by its
ability to help an economy achieve full employment. Robert
Barro argues that war increases employment because folks
work harder to smooth consumption and take advantage of the
higher interest rates caused by the scarcity that
accompanies war. In his view, it does not reflect putting
previously wasted resources to work. This article describes
the simulations of a small-scale intertemporal computable
general equilibrium model. It illustrates that the cost of
war depends on how it is financed, and that the increase in
employment that it generates may be explained by the logic
that Barro offers. Our model can be loaded into GAMS, a
program which is available free of charge online, so readers
can themselves simulate variations of the
model.},
Key = {fds325952}
}
@article{fds181040,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Are GMO’s Predictions Prescient? Using them to predict
Vanguard’s Mutual Fund Returns},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1701947},
Doi = {abs},
Key = {fds181040}
}
@article{fds325953,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Strategic Asset Allocation in Practice: Using Vanguard Funds
to Clone GMO’s Benchmark‐Free Allocation
Fund},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1701950},
Key = {fds325953}
}
@article{fds325955,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Are GMO’s Predictions Prescient? Using Them to Predict
Vanguard’s Mutual Fund Returns, October
2010},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds325955}
}
@article{fds325954,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {GMO versus Vanguard: Assessing the Performance of Comparable
Funds},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1701949},
Key = {fds325954}
}
@article{fds333663,
Author = {Tower, E and Yichong, Z},
Title = {Vanguard Versus DFA & Wisdomtree, and the Value Added by Dan
Wiener’s Independent Adviser for Vanguard
Investors},
Year = {2009},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds333663}
}
@article{fds239155,
Author = {Tower, E and Zheng, W},
Title = {Ranking mutual fund families: Minimum expenses and maximum
loads as markers for moral turpitude},
Journal = {International Review of Economics},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {315-350},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1865-1704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12232-008-0052-7},
Abstract = {We evaluate the performance of 51 mutual fund families based
on a study of their diversified US managed mutual funds over
an 11-year-period and explore the determinants of
performance gross of published expenses. We find that mutual
fund families which charge loads, high expenses to their
most favored investors and have high turnover tend to
perform badly, even gross of these fees. However, gross of
published expenses, managed mutual fund portfolios of those
families without loads, with low expenses in their least
expensive class, and with low average turnover beat the
corresponding indexes. © Springer-Verlag
2008.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12232-008-0052-7},
Key = {fds239155}
}
@article{fds325956,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The encyclopedia of public choice.},
Journal = {PUBLIC CHOICE},
Volume = {127},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {499-502},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds325956}
}
@article{fds239153,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Adams, M and Grabowski, H and Tower,
E},
Title = {How did the 2003 prescription drug re-importation bill pass
the house?},
Journal = {Economics and Politics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {27-45},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0954-1985},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6724 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We examine the major interest groups in the debate over
allowing the re-importation of prescription drugs by
utilizing a logit model and instrumental variables.
Consistent with political support approach, the evidence
suggests that Representatives are maximizing their electoral
prospects: Contributions from pharmaceutical manufacturers
shrink the probability of voting for the bill; and
Representatives are sensitive to their constituencies -
employees of pharmaceutical manufacturing and senior
citizens. Representatives' gender and ideology regarding
free trade and subsidies are also determining factors.
However, the decision was, by and large, a partisan one:
Party affiliation was the most important factor in passing
the bill. © 2006 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2006
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00161.x},
Key = {fds239153}
}
@article{fds239154,
Author = {Reinker, KS and Tower, E},
Title = {Are vanguard's managers good stock-pickers or
style-pickers?},
Journal = {Journal of Portfolio Management},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {109-111},
Publisher = {Institutional Investor Journals},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-4918},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2005.500367},
Abstract = {Jared Kizer's article in the Winter 2005 issue indicates for
Vanguard's managed funds that the return to stock-picking
skill is not enough to offset the additional transactions
costs of a managed portfolio. Thus, the superior performance
of Vanguard's managed portfolio was due entirely to its
tendency to overweight small stocks and value stocks
relative to the index portfolio during a period when stocks
with these two characteristics outperformed the market. So,
it is style-picking skill rather than stock-picking skill
that leads to the superiority of the managed portfolio in
this particular instance. Similarly, style-picking skill
explains the lower risk for the managed portfolio.},
Doi = {10.3905/jpm.2005.500367},
Key = {fds239154}
}
@article{fds239140,
Author = {Phillips, GA and Tower, E},
Title = {Organized labor's campaign contributions after the NAFTA
vote: Rhetoric or retribution?},
Pages = {169-186},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845423537.000022},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845423537.000022},
Key = {fds239140}
}
@article{fds305700,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Phillips, JJ and Tower, E},
Title = {School choice: Money, race, and congressional voting on
vouchers},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {119},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {241-254},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:puch.0000024170.63342.3b},
Abstract = {Milton Friedman has suggested that the political power of
the American Federation of Teachers and the National
Education Association (the two major teachers' unions) has
been instrumental in defeating the adoption of educational
vouchers. We test this hypothesis. We find that a campaign
contribution to a member of the U.S. House of
Representatives by either union reduces the probability that
also a Representative will vote for a pro school choice
amendment to the "No Child Left Behind Act of 2001." Also a
Representative whose district has a large African American
population or who is Republican is more likely to vote for
vouchers.},
Doi = {10.1023/b:puch.0000024170.63342.3b},
Key = {fds305700}
}
@article{fds305701,
Author = {Reinker, KS and Tower, E},
Title = {Index fundamentalism revisited},
Journal = {Journal of Portfolio Management},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {37-50+4},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0095-4918},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2004.37},
Abstract = {Is there any justification for investing in managed mutual
funds, or are they only for chumps, as indexing advocates
argue? The authors answer the question by looking at 27
years of real fund returns for Vanguard, a company notable
for its low fees on managed funds. Analysis of synthetic
portfolios based on the assets of Vanguard's mutual funds
indicates that whether index funds or managed funds are the
superior buy depends on the time span in question, but
managed funds almost always have a lower standard deviation
of return than index funds.},
Doi = {10.3905/jpm.2004.37},
Key = {fds305701}
}
@misc{fds350859,
Author = {Phillips, GA and Tower, E},
Title = {Organized labor’s campaign contributions after the NAFTA
vote: Rhetoric or retribution?},
Pages = {169-186},
Booktitle = {Empirical Methods in International Trade: Essays in Honor of
Mordechai Kreinin},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781843768388},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781845423537.00022},
Doi = {10.4337/9781845423537.00022},
Key = {fds350859}
}
@article{fds239249,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Phillips, JJ and Tower, E},
Title = {"School Choice: Money, Race and Congressional Voting on
Vouchers"},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {119},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20},
Year = {2004},
Abstract = {: This paper discovers that a campaign contribution to a
member of the U.S. House of Representatives by the American
Federation of Teachers or the National Education Association
(the two major teachers’ unions) in the 2000 election
cycle reduces the probability that a Representative will
vote for a school choice amendment to the “No Child Left
Behind Act of 2001.” It also discovers that a
Representative whose district has a large African American
population or who is Republican is more likely to vote for
vouchers.},
Key = {fds239249}
}
@article{fds10761,
Author = {William H. Kaempfer and Edward Tower and Thomas D.
Willett},
Title = {"Trade Protectionism"},
Pages = {550-576},
Booktitle = {The Encyclopedia of Public Choice},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {Charles K. Rowley and Friedrich Schneider},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/Papers/Other/Tower/Protectionism.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper is a short, nontechnical exposition of the
political economy of protection. It asks how do political
forces operate to generate protection, and what determines
the magnitude and form that protection takes.},
Key = {fds10761}
}
@article{fds15947,
Author = {W. Max Corden},
Title = {Too Sensational: On the Choice of Exchange Rate
Regimes},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {435-7},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds15947}
}
@article{fds239253,
Author = {Harney, M and Tower, E},
Title = {"Rational Pessimism: Predicting Equity Returns by Tobin's q
and Price/Earnings Ratios"},
Journal = {The Journal of Investing},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {58-69},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Fall},
Abstract = {In the spring of 2000, two books predicted a substantial
fall in the S&P500 Index. Robert Shiller’s Irrational
Exuberance found that, historically, a high price earnings
ratio, with real earnings averaged over 10 years, accurately
predicts a low real rate of return from investing in the
S&P500 Index. Smithers and Wright’s Valuing Wall Street
found that a high Tobin’s q for the non- financial
equities in the S&P500 does the same. We discover that q
beats all variants of the PE ratio for predicting real rates
of return over alternative horizons. We also formalize the
feedback mechanisms considered in both books.},
Key = {fds239253}
}
@article{fds239248,
Author = {Reinker, KS and Tower, E},
Title = {"Index Fundamentalism Revisited"},
Journal = {Journal of Portfolio Management},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {31},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0095-4918},
Abstract = {Is there any justification for investing in managed mutual
funds or are managed funds for suckers, as indexing
advocates argue? We answer this question by looking at a
long time span of real fund returns (26 years) for one
specific company (Vanguard) that is notable for its low fees
on managed funds. By creating synthetic portfolios—
portfolios based on weighted averages of the assets of
Vanguard’s mutual funds—we find that whether index funds
or managed funds are the superior buy depends on the time
span in question, but that managed funds almost always have
a lower standard deviation of return than index
funds.},
Key = {fds239248}
}
@article{fds239252,
Author = {Reinker, KS and Tower, E},
Title = {"Predicting Equity Returns for 37 Countries: Tweeking the
Gordon Formula"},
Journal = {Journal of Investing},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {21 pp.},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Summer},
Abstract = {Recently, there has been a lot of discussion about whether
and how much the U.S. stock market is overvalued, leading
some economic gurus to suggest that foreign markets may be
good investments. We ask whether this is the case and apply
the Gordon formula to predict future real rates of return on
three Morgan Stanley Capital International indices and 37
individual country indices. Our conclusion is that, as a
whole, foreign markets do indeed promise significantly
higher future returns than the U.S. market does, suggesting
that an increased focus on international diversification by
investors and fund managers could be beneficial. JEL
classification: G11 & G12.},
Key = {fds239252}
}
@article{fds239159,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Tower, E},
Title = {"An Efficiency Enhancing Minimum Wage"},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Reform},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {22pp.},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/duk/dukeec/03-01.html},
Abstract = {We consider an economy (e.g., Chile 1973-83 or modern
Turkey) with a minimum wage sector and a free sector, and a
tax on labor earnings. We ask “Can a slightly binding
minimum wage simultaneously raise tax revenue, employment,
and economic efficiency?” We answer “Yes, if the
elasticity of demand for labor in the free sector exceeds
the elasticity of demand in the minimum-wage sector.” The
logical key is that the minimum wage draws high reservation-
wage workers into the labor force, who give up untaxed
leisure in exchange for taxed work and thereby increase
revenue, employment and efficiency.},
Key = {fds239159}
}
@article{fds10764,
Author = {Elroy Dimson and Paul Marsh and Mike Staunton},
Title = {Triumph of the Optimists: 101 Years of Global Investment
Returns},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {280-1},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds10764}
}
@article{fds15991,
Author = {Gretchen Phillips and E. Tower},
Title = {"Labor PAC Campaign Contributions and NAFTA Legislators:
Rhetoric or Retribution?"},
Booktitle = {Empirical Methods In International Trade: Essays in Honor of
Mordechai E. Kreinin},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar},
Editor = {Michael Plummer},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/Papers/Other/Tower/nafta_vote.pdf},
Abstract = {Prior to the congressional vote, organized labor threatened
to punish legislators who voted for NAFTA. Building on work
by Engel and Jackson, we explore whether or not organized
labor made good on its threat by reducing campaign
contributions to House members who voted YES. We postulate
contribution functions for both Democrats and Republicans,
with pre-NAFTA vote contributions on the horizontal axis and
post-NAFTA vote contributions on the vertical axis. For
members of both parties, we find that a YES vote on NAFTA
results in a change in the contribution function, which is a
combination of a downward proportional shift and a downward
parallel shift.},
Key = {fds15991}
}
@article{fds15992,
Author = {Omer Gokcekus and Justin Knowles and E. Tower},
Title = {"Sweetening the Pot: How American Sugar Buys
Protection"},
Booktitle = {The Political Economy of Trade, Aid and Foreign Investment
Policies},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Editor = {Devashish Mitra and Arvind Panagariiya},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/duk/dukeec/03-08.html},
Abstract = {Abstract — Sugar growers have been capturing substantial
rents from the U.S. sugar program. Despite well-documented
huge welfare losses of this program, legislators have always
voted against phasing it out. This paper uses Tobit analysis
to explore the determinants of campaign contributions from
the sugar industry to Senators from 1989 to 2002. It finds
that the power and willingness of the Senators to protect
sugar influence the campaign contributions significantly:
Membership of the Senate Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry
Committee attracts $4,266 of sugar contributions per
two-year election cycle. Membership of the relevant
subcommittee that deals with sugar legislation is even more
profitable than membership of the agriculture committee
alone: membership of the Agricultural Production, Marketing,
and Stabilization of Prices Subcommittee is worth an
additional $2179 for a total of $6,445. These results
suggest the strength of the subcommittee in drafting
specialized legislation and attracting interested members.
Moreover, while the particular party affiliation does not
make any difference, membership of the majority party is
worth $1,235. Finally, an impressionable freshman Senator
from a sugar cane state receives $8,366 more than a more
senior senator from a non- sugar state.},
Key = {fds15992}
}
@article{fds239156,
Author = {Kaempfer, WH and Tower, E and Willett, TD},
Title = {"The Employment Maximizing Import Quota Under Domestic
Monopoly"},
Journal = {Journal of International Logistics and Trade},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/Papers/Other/Tower/Protectionism.pdf},
Abstract = {We consider a domestic monopolist who is protected by an
import quota on the product he produces. He faces a domestic
demand curve which is characterized by a constant price
elasticity. He is unable to export and has an upward sloping
marginal cost curve. We demonstrate that in this case his
employment of labor rises with the import quota until
imports rise to a fraction 1/e of domestic output where e is
the elasticity of domestic demand. Thus, the employment
maximizing quota sets permissible imports at a fraction of
domestic output which is at least as high as the reciprocal
of the elasticity of demand. We also make a case for
liberalizing all the way right away, “cold turkey
liberalization.”},
Key = {fds239156}
}
@article{fds239157,
Author = {Cvijanovic, V and Mikic, M and Tower, E},
Title = {"Evaluating Croatian Equities"},
Journal = {Zagreb Journal of Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {10},
Pages = {73-88},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/Papers/Abstracts03/abstract.03.15.html},
Abstract = {In this paper we evaluate all three of the first quotation
equities that are available in Croatia. First quotation
equities are those that meet the highest accounting and
reporting standards in Croatia. We find that two of the
three compare favorably with stocks available on the world
market. We also suggest the need for more and better data on
Croatian equities.},
Key = {fds239157}
}
@article{fds239158,
Author = {Gibbs, R and Gokcekus, O and Tower, E},
Title = {"Is Talk Cheap? Buying Congressional Testimony with Campaign
Contributions"},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Reform},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {127-132},
Publisher = {Blackwell},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
url = {http://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/jpolrf/v5y2002i3p127-131.html},
Abstract = {For the steel import quota bill of 1999, our answer to the
question posed in the title is that each word in the
Congressional Record costs $39 in campaign contributions
from the steel industry. Consequently, our answer is
“Yes.”},
Key = {fds239158}
}
@article{fds239251,
Author = {Gilbert, J and Tower, E},
Title = {Protectionism, labor mobility, and immiserizing growth in
developing economics},
Journal = {Economics Letters},
Volume = {75},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-140},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0165-1765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00586-9},
Abstract = {In a small, tariff-ridden, developing economy with imperfect
labor mobility, we show that capital accumulation may not
immiserize even with foreign rent repatriation. Employment
creation effects can outweigh losses in tariff revenue. With
perfect immobility, immiserization cannot occur without
repatriation. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00586-9},
Key = {fds239251}
}
@misc{fds10770,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {"January Theories"},
Journal = {Barron's},
Pages = {42},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds10770}
}
@article{fds239250,
Author = {Conway, P and Csaplar, W and Tower, E},
Title = {"How to Encourage Exports Without a Budgetary Cost: Comment
on Wang and Tsai"},
Journal = {Revista Internzaionale de Science Economiche e Commercialli
(International Review of Economics and Business"},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {701-704},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {Argues that if a government uses the combination of an ad
valorem tax and a specific subsidy, it can shape the demand
curve facing a domestic firm, making it flatter and raising
its marginal revenue at the same time, thereby raising the
firm's output to the socially optimal level while acquiring
tax revenue at the same time. "},
Key = {fds239250}
}
@misc{fds15948,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {The January Barometer},
Journal = {Barron's},
Pages = {58},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds15948}
}
@article{fds239160,
Author = {Tower, E and Gilbert, J},
Title = {A golden jubilee note on Graaff's optimum tariff
structures},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {421-436},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2000},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-32-3-421},
Abstract = {Part of a symposium celebrating Graaff's classic paper on
the optimum tariff, appriximately fifty years earlier. The
other contributors are Murray C. Kemp, Kiji Shimomura and
Jan Graaff (who in his 90's replied to the K&S and T&G
pieces. Argues that Graaff anticipated important general
equilibrium literature that followed.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-32-3-421},
Key = {fds239160}
}
@article{fds18424,
Author = {Kiyoun Han and E. Tower},
Title = {"Cost Benefit Analysis of Foreign Aid for a Highly Distorted
Economy: The Case of Sudan,"},
Series = {Recent Economic Thought},
Booktitle = {Foreign Aid: New perspectives},
Publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
Editor = {Kanhaya Gupta},
Year = {1999},
Abstract = {How beneficial is foreign aid? This is a fairly simple
question in an undistorted economy. In a highly distorted
economy like the Sudan sorting out the interaction of
foreign aid with the distortions is important. How the
foreign aid ultimately affects economic welfare (the shadow
price of foreign aid) depends on what policies are used to
obtain international and fiscal balance. Moreover, the
granting of foreign aid is often conditional upon economic
reform of various sorts; part of a foreign aid package may
be in kind. Evaluation of such a foreign aid package
requires determination of the marginal social value of the
accompanying reforms as well as the shadow price of the
foreign exchange and commodities included in the foreign aid
package. This paper develops a simple four sector linearized
general equilibrium model of the Sudan in order to perform
the requisite cost benefit analysis. It finds that the spfa
depends strongly on how the fiscal authority adjusts to the
foreign aid, the economic reforms required, and the form
taken by the aid.},
Key = {fds18424}
}
@misc{fds27906,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {A Tobacco Grab},
Journal = {The (Raleigh) News and Observer, (letter to the
editor)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27906}
}
@article{fds239247,
Author = {Gilbert, J and Tower, E},
Title = {Import Quotas, Foreign Capital and Income Distribution:
Comment},
Journal = {The American Economist},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {90-93},
Year = {1998},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/056943459804200209},
Abstract = {This paper shows that an import quota cannot raise the
welfare of a small country even if it induces a capital
inflow.},
Doi = {10.1177/056943459804200209},
Key = {fds239247}
}
@article{fds239246,
Author = {Grimes, M and Tower, E},
Title = {The Optimum Minimum Wage When Labor Services are
Taxed},
Journal = {International Review of Economics and Business},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {1998},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds239246}
}
@article{fds239245,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Tower, E},
Title = {Does Trade liberalization benefit young and old
alike?},
Journal = {Review of International Economics},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {50-58},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0965-7576},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9396.00086},
Abstract = {In an overlapping generations model, capital and labor
produce two tradable goods. A kleptocratic government spends
the tariff revenue. Trade liberalization benefits the
retired generation if and only if the relative price of the
capital-intensive good rises. Starting from autarky, a small
liberalization benefits subsequent generations if and only
if it hurts the retired one, a result reminiscent of the
Stolper-Samuelson theorem. However, the terms-of-trade
effect means a large liberalization may simultaneously raise
the welfare of all generations.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-9396.00086},
Key = {fds239245}
}
@article{fds239243,
Author = {Park, D and Tower, E},
Title = {The Commodity Creating Tariff and Other Paradoxes},
Journal = {International Review of Economics and Business},
Pages = {831-835},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds239243}
}
@article{fds239244,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Tower, E},
Title = {Can a Periodic Voluntary Export Restraint Raise Importing
Country Welfare?},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Integration},
Pages = {485-504},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds239244}
}
@article{fds239242,
Author = {Gokcekus, O and Tower, E},
Title = {The Effects of Import Quotas on National Welfare:
Comment},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {584-584},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997YB85300016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1060870},
Key = {fds239242}
}
@article{fds239241,
Author = {Baker, A and Gross, F and Tower, E},
Title = {Super 301 trade sanctions: An empirical investigation of the
wood products case},
Journal = {North American Journal of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-55},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {1062-9408},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1062-9408(97)90018-8},
Abstract = {In 1988, partly in response to a rapidly increasing trade
deficit in the 1980s and declining exports. Congress made
Section 301 of the 1974 Trade Act "super" to pry open
foreign markets. We assess the effectiveness of this new
trade tool, dubbed Super 301, and show faults in the current
methods used to judge the success of Super 301 trade
agreements. The 1990 Wood Products agreement, which
attempted to remove barriers in the Japanese wood products
market, is a case in point. The U.S. forest products
industry, driven both by the need to find new markets
following European restrictions on wood imports from North
America and the U.S. Log Export Ban prohibiting the export
of raw logs from federal lands while allowing the export of
the processed products of those logs, lobbied the United
States Trade Representative (USTR) to open the Japanese
processed wood market. We find that the Japanese market did
open multilaterally, especially in Canada's favor. However,
we see this as part of a continuing trend that began around
1984-1985 rather than the result of Super 301. The USTR, on
the other hand, maintains that Japan has made little
progress. The USTR's failure to recognize the multilateral
opening stems from its narrow measure of success: U.S.
performance in the Japanese wood market. © 1997 JAI Press
Inc. All rights of reproduction in any form
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/s1062-9408(97)90018-8},
Key = {fds239241}
}
@book{fds28021,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Judging Economic Policy: Selected Writings of Gottfried
Haberler},
Publisher = {Boulder, Westview Press},
Editor = {Richard J. Sweeney and Edward Tower and Thomas D.
Willett},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds28021}
}
@article{fds239240,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Yucel on Reducing U.S. Vulnerability to Oil Supply Shocks:
Comment},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Pages = {1093-1095},
Year = {1996},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds239240}
}
@misc{fds28020,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Economics Reading Lists, Course Outlines, Exams, Puzzles and
Problems, 4th Edition (a 25-volume set)},
Publisher = {Chapel Hill, Eno River Press},
Year = {1995},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds28020}
}
@article{fds239239,
Author = {Pinsky, L and Tower, E},
Title = {Temporary duty suspension in the United States},
Journal = {North American Journal of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-36},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {1062-9408},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1062-9408(95)90003-9},
Abstract = {This article investigates the temporary duty suspension
program of the United States Congress. It documents how the
legislative process works and discusses the likely economic
effects of the program. It proposes that this program be
revamped so as to eliminate its systematic bias in favor of
large profitable firms, rent-seeking behavior by
petitioners, rent capture by legislators and lobbyists,
slowness, and bureaucratic cost. Additionally, it advocates
New Zealand's regime. This regime grants concessions
automatically from the first day of the month in which the
application is received, as long as other manufacturers do
not object. © 1995.},
Doi = {10.1016/1062-9408(95)90003-9},
Key = {fds239239}
}
@misc{fds27915,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Current Issues in International and Development
Economics},
Journal = {Development I: Reading Lists},
Pages = {244-45},
Publisher = {Eno River Press},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27915}
}
@misc{fds27916,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Protection in Applied General Equilibrium Models: A
Progression of Simple GAMS Programs to Illustrate
Fundamental Issues in Tariff Policy},
Journal = {International Economics Reading Lists},
Pages = {276-277},
Publisher = {Eno River Press},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27916}
}
@misc{fds27917,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Intermediate Macroeconomics as a Lab Course},
Journal = {Macroeconomics Reading Lists},
Pages = {209-219},
Publisher = {Eno River Press},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27917}
}
@misc{fds27919,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {A Proper Trade Formula},
Journal = {International Herald Tribune},
Year = {1994},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds27919}
}
@article{fds239238,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Separability: The One Principal and SerW>us Defect of
Bickerdike's and Edgeworth's Elasticity Approach to
Balance-of-Payments Adjustment Problems?},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {493-497},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MM38800005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-25-3-493},
Key = {fds239238}
}
@article{fds239237,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Do the U.S. and China Discriminate against One Another's
Goods?},
Journal = {Asian Profile},
Pages = {101-112},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds239237}
}
@article{fds239236,
Author = {Simmons, P and Tower, E},
Title = {Market Power and Buffer Stocks: Erratum},
Journal = {The Economic Record},
Pages = {107},
Year = {1993},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds239236}
}
@article{fds239235,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {On Domestic Resource Cost},
Journal = {Journal of International Economic Integration},
Pages = {20-44},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds239235}
}
@article{fds27925,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {On the Symmetry between Effective Tariffs and Value Added
Subsidies},
Series = {Volume 62 in Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial
Analysis},
Pages = {95-124},
Booktitle = {Industrial Policy and International Trade},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {Victor Canto and J. Kimball Dietrich},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds27925}
}
@article{fds239234,
Author = {Canto, V and Kaempfer, WH and Tower, E},
Title = {On the Validity of the Lerner Neutrality and Symmetry
Theorems in The Presence of Non-Traded Goods},
Journal = {Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial
Analysis},
Volume = {62},
Number = {87},
Pages = {125?28},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds239234}
}
@misc{fds27926,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {On Shadow Prices, Effective Protection, and Domestic
Resource Cost},
Pages = {614-33},
Booktitle = {Companion to Economic Thought, Chapter 30},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {David Greenaway and Michael Bleaney and Ian
Steward},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds27926}
}
@misc{fds28019,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Economics Reading Lists, Course Outlines, Exams, Puzzles and
Problems, 3rd edition (a 25-volume set)},
Publisher = {Durham, Eno River Press},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds28019}
}
@misc{fds27928,
Author = {T.Loo and E. Tower},
Title = {Agricultural Liberalization, Welfare, Revenue and Nutrition
in LDCS},
Pages = {307-42},
Booktitle = {Agricultural Trade Liberalization: Implications for
Developing Countries, Chapter 11},
Publisher = {OECD/World Bank},
Editor = {Ian Golden and Odin Knudsen},
Year = {1990},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds27928}
}
@article{fds27929,
Author = {Christian Weber and Edward Tower},
Title = {Empirical Models of the Effects of U.S. Protectionism: A
Survey of the Recent Literature},
Journal = {North American Review of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {1},
Series = {Inaugural Issue},
Number = {1},
Pages = {163-79},
Year = {1990},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds27929}
}
@article{fds239149,
Author = {Weber, C and Tower, E},
Title = {Empirical models of the effects of United States protection:
A survey of recent literature},
Journal = {North American Review of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {163-179},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1042-752X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1042-752X(90)90012-5},
Abstract = {This paper surveys the recent literature on the effects of
United States protection. Most of these studies find that
tariffs provide limited benefits to protected industries but
cause considerable harm to household and industrial
consumers of protected goods. Most studies do, however find
some terms-of-trade benefits to the United States in the
present structure of protection. Also, studies of quotas
find that they have become more important in recent years
and that they are a major source of welfare losses for the
United States. This general agreement regarding the effects
of United States policy arises from papers employing
different research methodologies and addressing different
questions. © 1990.},
Doi = {10.1016/1042-752X(90)90012-5},
Key = {fds239149}
}
@article{fds239150,
Author = {Loo, T and Tower, E},
Title = {Agricultural liberalization, welfare, revenue and nutrition
in developing countries},
Journal = {Agricultural trade liberalization},
Pages = {307-341},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Demonstrates the importance of three second best issues in
analysis of agricultural liberalization by developing
countries: import tariffs and quotas, rent seeking in the
allocation of import licenses, and the cost of raising tax
revenues. We use a highly aggregated, full-employment
computable general equilibrium model to explore the impacts
of changed agricultural policies in low income less
developed countries on several aspects of their economic
performance. We consider various interactions of rent
seeking with import restrictions, and use a model for a
representative developing country. The model demonstrates
that agricultural liberalization will be most successful
when import restrictions consist of tariffs and least
successful when they consist of fixed import quotas with
rent seeking prevalent. The paper also demonstrates the
types of calculations that we believe to be useful for
policy analysis. -from Authors},
Key = {fds239150}
}
@article{fds239233,
Author = {GANG, IN and TOWER, E},
Title = {Allocating Jobs under a Minimum Wage: Queues vs.
Lotteries},
Journal = {Economic Record},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {186-194},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0013-0249},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990EW95000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {In this paper we provide a simple diagrammatic technique for
incorporating variable labour supply into the specific
factors model We then use the framework to analyze the
positive and normative effects of a minimum wage both with a
broadly based employment lottery (on‐the‐job search) and
with an employment queue (the Harris‐Todaro case). We
discover that with a given minimum wage replacing the queue
with a lottery may be welfare reducing. Copyright © 1990,
Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-4932.1990.tb01721.x},
Key = {fds239233}
}
@article{fds239231,
Author = {Copeland, B and Tower, E and Webb, M},
Title = {Quota Wars and Tariff Wars},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Pages = {774-788},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds239231}
}
@article{fds239148,
Author = {Copeland, B and Tower, E and Webb, M},
Title = {On negotiated quotas, tariffs, and transfers},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {774-788},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0030-7653},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041927},
Doi = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041927},
Key = {fds239148}
}
@misc{fds27933,
Author = {T. Loo and E. Tower},
Title = {Agricultural Protectionism and the Less Developed Countries:
The Relationship Between Agricultural Prices, Debt Servicing
Capacities and the Need for Development Aid},
Pages = {64-93},
Booktitle = {Tax Reform in Less Developed Countries, Chapter
2},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Andrew B. Stoeckel and David Vincent and Sandy
Cuthbertson},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds27933}
}
@misc{fds27934,
Author = {E. Tower and T. Loo},
Title = {On Using Computable General Equilibrium Models to Facilitate
Tax, Tariff and Other Policy Reforms in Less Developed
Countries},
Pages = {391-416},
Booktitle = {Tax Reform in Less Developed Countries, Chapter
11},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Malcolm S. Gillis},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds27934}
}
@article{fds239230,
Author = {Kaempfer, WH and Tower, E and Willett, TD},
Title = {Performance-Contingent Protection},
Journal = {Economics and Politics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {3},
Pages = {261-275},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1989},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.1989.tb00017.x},
Abstract = {In this paper we ask how to construct a tariff or quota
schedule which depends on the behavior of a domestic
monopsonistic monopolist in order to achieve the best
tradeoff between two objectives of a government. We consider
various political and economic tradeoffs which could face
the policy maker: aggregate welfare versus industry profits,
output and imports; and trade barrier revenue versus
industry profits and domestic price. In all cases
considered, performance contingent protection which takes
the form either of a tariff which depends on domestic output
or a quota which depends on the price charged is generally
superior to a fixed tariff or quota and is sufficient to
achieve optimality. Copyright © 1989, Wiley Blackwell. All
rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.1989.tb00017.x},
Key = {fds239230}
}
@article{fds239232,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Excise Tax Evasion: Comment on Panagariya and
Narayana},
Journal = {Public Finance},
Number = {3},
Pages = {506-509},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds239232}
}
@article{fds239229,
Author = {Tower, BE and Christiansen, RE},
Title = {A Model of the Effect of a Fertilizer Subsidy on Income
Distribution and Efficiency in Malawi},
Journal = {Eastern Africa Economic Review},
Year = {1988},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds239229}
}
@article{fds239226,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {On the Dispersion of Optimum Tariffs on Goods with Fixed
World Prices},
Journal = {International Review of Economics and Business},
Pages = {407-412},
Year = {1988},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds239226}
}
@article{fds239227,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Explaining the Yeh Paradox: A Comment},
Journal = {Eastern Economic Journal},
Pages = {189-192},
Year = {1988},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds239227}
}
@article{fds239225,
Author = {Gang, IN and Tower, E},
Title = {The Stahl-Alexeev paradox: A note},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {189-191},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1937 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We offer a simple proof of the paradox discovered by Stahl
and Alexeev that the introduction of black markets in a
fixed price economy with a rationing mechanism consisting of
waiting line queues is not necessarily a Pareto improvement.
We show that the paradoxical result arises from the fact
that queue length is endogenous and illustrates the general
principle that permitting an additional market may be
undesirable in an economy which has other distortions. ©
1988.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-0531(88)90103-2},
Key = {fds239225}
}
@article{fds313885,
Author = {Csaplar, WW and Tower, E},
Title = {Trade and industrial policy under oligopoly:
Comment},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Volume = {103},
Number = {3},
Pages = {599-602},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-5533},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1885547},
Doi = {10.2307/1885547},
Key = {fds313885}
}
@article{fds27941,
Author = {E. Tower and T. D. Willett},
Title = {Enforceability and the Resolution of International
Jurisdictional Conflicts: Comments on Abbott, Atwood and
Ordover},
Series = {Law and Contemporary Policy},
Pages = {189-96},
Booktitle = {Symposium on Conflicts of Jurisdiction: 'Extraterritoriality
of Economic Legislation'},
Editor = {Pamela Gann},
Year = {1987},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds27941}
}
@article{fds239222,
Author = {Tower, E and Pursell, GG},
Title = {On Shadow Pricing Foreign Exchange, Non-Traded Goods and
Labor in a Simple General Equilibrium Model},
Journal = {Oxford Economic Papers},
Pages = {318-332},
Year = {1987},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds239222}
}
@article{fds239221,
Author = {Tower, E and Pursell, GG and Han, K},
Title = {Shadow Pricing in a Specific-Factors Model:
Comment},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {399-399},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1987},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987H684600012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/135369},
Key = {fds239221}
}
@article{fds239219,
Author = {Gan, KP and Tower, E},
Title = {A general equilibrium cost- benefit approach to policy
reform and project evaluation in Malaysia.},
Journal = {Singapore Economic Review},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {46-61},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {In this paper the authors argue that the use of general
equilibrium methodology to calculate shadow prices for
policy reform and project evaluation need not be
prohibitively complex. They also suggest that along with
shadow prices analysts should present other multipliers
which describe the effects of perturbations of policies and
projects on other variables of concern to policy makers like
employment in particular sectors and revenue collection, in
order to make possible the calculation of cost/benefit
ratios which indicate the welfare costs of using particular
instruments to accomplish particular tasks and in order to
solve the implementation problem. -from Authors},
Key = {fds239219}
}
@article{fds239220,
Author = {Tosini, SC and Tower, E},
Title = {The textile bill of 1985: The determinants of congressional
voting patterns},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {54},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-25},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00123802},
Abstract = {The following tables show the results of the probit analysis
for the Senate and the House. A table including results for
different combinations of the independent variables is
included in an unpublished appendix available from the
authors upon request. The results of the probit analysis for
the Senate are shown in Table 1. All the variables except
EXP had the expected signs, however the results indicate
that the two other employment variables and party
affiliation are the only factors which we can say with
confidence influenced a Senator's decision to vote for or
against this bill. The coefficients reported and labeled
'der of prob' measure the derivative of the probability of a
yes vote evaluated at the means of the independent variables
in question. Thus, for example the coefficient for UNEMP in
the top line of Table 1 should be interpreted as indicating
that a one percentage point increase in a state's
unemployment rate will cause a 5.89% increase in the
probability that the Senator will vote for the bill. The
result for DR, the party of the Senator, shows that in
general Democrats are more apt to vote for protectionist
policies than are Republicans. This is consistant with
President Reagan's negative stand on the bill, and his
threat to veto it should it pass. The amendment in question
passed the Senate on 24 October 1985, by a vote of 54 for to
42 against, but the bill it was attached to has been
postponed indefinitely. The House bill, which was passed on
10 October 1985 by a vote of 262 for to 159 against, was
vetoed by Reagan on 17 December 1985. The results of the
probit analysis for the House of Representatives are shown
in Table 2. State employment data was used for the House as
opposed to data for each voting district. This was done for
three reasons. First, employment data is usually reported by
state or by county. Since counties are often divided by
congressional district boundaries, much personal judgement
would be necessary to assign employment figures. Second, the
most recent county industry employment data is from 1981,
while the data used in this analysis is from 1984. Third, we
feel that in general 'logrolling' is prevalent among a
state's representatives. For this bill, the representatives
from twenty six states voted as a block, and in all but six
states one third or less of that state's representatives
voted contrary to the majority. All of the probabilities are
significant at the .05 confidence level. Representative's
voting patterns are influenced by all of the included
factors. When unionization is added to the equation, its
coefficient is very small and negative although it is
significant at the .05 confidence level. One would expect
more significance here since there are more degrees of
freedom for the House analysis than for that of the Senate.
When the data from the House and Senate are pooled the
results are similar to those of the House alone. The null
hypothesis that the data cannot be pooled was tested using a
χ2 statistic with eight degrees of freedom. χ2 = 9.721,
meaning that the null hypothesis is rejected. As in the
Senate, the state unemployment rate and the percent employed
in textiles are important influences on the Representative's
vote, and Democrats in the House are more likely to vote for
protectionist bills than Republicans. However, unlike the
Senate, the percent of a Representative's campaign
contributions that are donated by industry special interest
groups has a significant effect on voting patterns, although
the point estimates for the magnitudes of the influence are
very similar in both cases. Seventy-four percent of the
House received campaign contributions from these special
interest groups, while only 54% of the Senate received
contributions from these same sources. This is probably
because only one third of the Senate was up for reelection
during the time period considered, while the entire House
was in the process of campaigning for reelection. Exports
also play a role in influencing the probability of a 'yes'
vote, reducing this probability as employment in export
industries increases, but the magnitude of the coefficient
is only 11% of that for textile employment. The significance
of this variable in the House is probably due to fear of
retaliation, expressed by both Democrats and Republicans.
This variable was not significant in the Senate model, most
likely because the Senate version excluded from the 1%
import quota growth rate many countries who might have
retaliated. Representatives appear to respond to a wider
variety of constituent interests than do Senators. While
Senators' voting patterns are only significantly influenced
by their political affiliation, their state's unemployment
rate and the importance of textiles to their state, the
voting behavior of Representatives is influenced by these
factors as well as the importance of exports to their state
and campaign contributions by textile special interest
groups. These results affirm the validity of the approach
used by Baldwin and Coughlin. They differ from Baldwin who
finds exports are not a significant influence on the House,
and from Coughlin, who does not include export employment as
an explanitory variable or analyze the differences in voting
patterns between the House and the Senate. © 1987 Martinus
Nijhoff Publishers.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00123802},
Key = {fds239220}
}
@article{fds239223,
Author = {Pursell, G and Tower, E},
Title = {DRC criteria. Comment on Lucas},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {163-167},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(87)90057-5},
Abstract = {Recently in this journal Lucas (1984) discussed several
apparent paradoxes in the application of DRC criteria. In
this comment we show how DRCs can be defined in such a way
that these paradoxes disappear. © 1987.},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(87)90057-5},
Key = {fds239223}
}
@article{fds239224,
Author = {Lucas, REB and Pursell, G and Tower, E},
Title = {Resolution Ex ante versus ex post DRC's and the possibility
of negative shadow prices},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {173-174},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0304-3878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(87)90059-9},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3878(87)90059-9},
Key = {fds239224}
}
@misc{fds27940,
Author = {P. L. Brock and E. Tower},
Title = {Economic Liberalization in Less Developed Countries:
Guidelines from the Empirical Evidence and Clarification of
the Theory},
Pages = {19-44},
Booktitle = {Economic Reform and Stabilization in Latin America, Chapter
2},
Editor = {Connolly and C. Gonzalez-Vega},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds27940}
}
@article{fds318186,
Author = {TOWER, E},
Title = {INTERNATIONAL-TRADE REGIMES AND PRIVATE PROPERTY-RIGHTS -
COMMENT},
Journal = {CONTEMPORARY POLICY ISSUES},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {13-15},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1987},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1987.tb00252.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1987.tb00252.x},
Key = {fds318186}
}
@article{fds239217,
Author = {Gang, IN and Tower, E},
Title = {Differential Cash-in-Advance Constraints: A Good Reason for
Protection in LDCS?},
Journal = {Eastern Africa Economic Review},
Pages = {193-195},
Year = {1986},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds239217}
}
@article{fds305699,
Author = {Hartigan, JC and Tower, E},
Title = {The leontief question: A Cobb-Douglas approach to simulating
the U.S. income distribution in Autarky},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {677-689},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1986},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02707855},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02707855},
Key = {fds305699}
}
@article{fds239215,
Author = {Feldman, DH and Tower, E},
Title = {Optimal destabilizing speculation or why the optimum tariff
may oscillate},
Journal = {De Economist},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3},
Pages = {368-377},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1986},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0013-063X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01856697},
Abstract = {This paper uses general equilibrium tools to explore the
issue of destabilizing speculation in the context of market
power. We show how an individual or a nation may optimally
use price destabilization to raise its welfare and show that
the nonspeculator does not necessarily suffer. The cases
considered are 1) inflection points in the foreign offer
curve, 2) an upward sloping foreign excess demand curve
which crosses the price axis more than once, 3) a nonconvex
foreign social trade indifference curve, and 4) reversed
transfers. © 1986 H.E. Stenfert Kroese B.V.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF01856697},
Key = {fds239215}
}
@book{fds28023,
Author = {E. Tower and G. Pursell},
Title = {On Shadow Pricing},
Series = {World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 792},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds28023}
}
@article{fds239213,
Author = {Feldman, DH and Tower, E},
Title = {The Welfare Economics of an Unstable Real Exchange
Rate},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {607-607},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986AXU5000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1059260},
Key = {fds239213}
}
@article{fds239214,
Author = {TOWER, E},
Title = {INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-35},
Publisher = {Wiley},
Year = {1986},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0007},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986A168600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The idea of industrial policy is to cure perceived
market failures of various sorts. This also has been the
meat of development economics for decades. Moreover, strong
similarities exist between the specific goals of industrial
policy advocates for developed countries and goals of
governments in less developed countries. Both groups seek to
pick industrial winners, deal with externalities, improve
the balance of trade, and attract high‐tech industries.
Given that markets appear not to operate as well in
developing countries as in their developed counterparts, we
would expect industrial policy to work particularly well in
LDCs since many important market failures should be
relatively easy to identify and the gains from correcting
them should be great. Moreover, because LDCs tend to
intervene more than their developed counterparts, we would
expect them to exhibit particularly strong effects of this
intervention. Thus, the experiences of LDCs constitute a
well endowed laboratory to study the effects of industrial
policies in practice, and to yield lessons relevant for both
industrial and developing countries. This paper explores
these experiences, and closes with some lessons for the
design of sensible industrial strategy.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1986.tb00830.x},
Key = {fds239214}
}
@misc{fds28018,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Economics Reading Lists, Course Outlines, Exams, Puzzles and
Problems, 2nd edition (a 25-volume set)},
Publisher = {Durham, Eno River Press},
Year = {1985},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds28018}
}
@article{fds239210,
Author = {Daniel, BC and Fried, H and Tower, E},
Title = {Adjustment Speeds under Tariffs and Quotas in a Monetary
Model of Balance of Payments},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Pages = {373-380},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds239210}
}
@article{fds239211,
Author = {Appleyard, DR and Field, AJ and Tower, E},
Title = {Further Analysis of the Effects of Offshore Assembly
Provisions on the US Tariff Structure},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Studies},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {62-65},
Publisher = {Emerald},
Year = {1985},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0144-3585},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1985AYA1800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {<jats:p>This article conceptually extends a previous
analysis of the impact of Offshore Assembly Provisions (OAP)
upon Effective Rates of Protection (ERPs). Allowance is made
for the fact that the OAP incentive to foreign assemblers to
use US components will bid up the price of the components.
Expressions are obtained for the relationship between the
“standard” ERP, the ERP with OAP in effect, and the
nominal rate of protection.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1108/eb002608},
Key = {fds239211}
}
@article{fds239145,
Author = {Daniel, BC and Fried, HO and Tower, E},
Title = {On the dynamic non-equivalence of tariffs and quotas in the
monetary model of the balance of payments:
Comment},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {373-379},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(85)90062-5},
Abstract = {This comment uses a simple monetary model of the balance of
payments to demonstrate that adjustment speed is higher
under a tariff than under the quota which is equivalent to
it in longrun equilibrium if and only if the tariff is less
than the maximum expenditure tariff. This result contradicts
the conclusion of Blejer and Hillman that adjustment under
the tariff is always faster. © 1985.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(85)90062-5},
Key = {fds239145}
}
@article{fds239212,
Author = {Fried, H and Tower, E},
Title = {On Using a Single Tariff to Exploit Market Power on Many
Traded Goods},
Journal = {Economia Internazionale},
Pages = {318-322},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds239212}
}
@article{fds239209,
Author = {Feldman, DH and Tower, E},
Title = {Profitable Destabilizing Speculation as Intertemporal Price
Discrimination},
Journal = {The American Economist},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {60-63},
Year = {1984},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/056943458402800208},
Doi = {10.1177/056943458402800208},
Key = {fds239209}
}
@book{fds28025,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Effective Protection, Domestic Resource Cost and Shadow
Prices: A General Equilibrium Perspective},
Series = {World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 664},
Year = {1984},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds28025}
}
@article{fds239206,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {On the functional relationship between distortions and
welfare},
Journal = {Atlantic Economic Journal},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {65-66},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1984},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0197-4254},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02309995},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02309995},
Key = {fds239206}
}
@article{fds239208,
Author = {Feldman, DH and Tower, E},
Title = {Welfare gain from a stable exchange rate:
Comment},
Journal = {Atlantic Economic Journal},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {65},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0197-4254},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02306502},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02306502},
Key = {fds239208}
}
@article{fds318187,
Author = {WILLETT, TD and TOWER, E and CHRISTENSON, DB},
Title = {INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND PROTECTIONISM: INTRODUCTION THE
RELEVANCE OF MODERN ECONOMIC RESEARCH},
Journal = {Contemporary Economic Policy},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1-5},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1984},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1984.tb00762.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7287.1984.tb00762.x},
Key = {fds318187}
}
@article{fds239207,
Author = {TOWER, E},
Title = {ON A QUICK AND DIRTY APPROACH TO ESTIMATING 2ND BEST OPTIMUM
TARIFFS},
Journal = {RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI SCIENZE ECONOMICHE E
COMMERCIALI},
Volume = {31},
Number = {3},
Pages = {212-219},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0035-6751},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984SN20700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds239207}
}
@article{fds239204,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Some Empirical Results on Trade and National Prosperity:
Comment on Kindleberger},
Journal = {Cato Journal},
Pages = {639-644},
Year = {1983},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds239204}
}
@article{fds239203,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Making the Best Use of Trade Restrictions in the Presence of
Foreign Market Power},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Pages = {456-473},
Year = {1983},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds239203}
}
@article{fds239202,
Author = {Eaton, J and Grossman, G and Kaempfer, WH and Tower,
E},
Title = {On the Lerner Symmetry Theorem under Monopoly: Comment [on
Ray]},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {529-537},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds239202}
}
@article{fds239144,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {On the best use of trade controls in the presence of foreign
market power},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {349-365},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(83)80010-5},
Abstract = {This paper derives optimum tariffs for a country whose
trading partner always exploits its own market power but
assumes naively that the home country will leave its
restriction unchanged. It then shows that a country which is
a monopolist or monopsonist will always prefer its best
price limit (price floor or ceiling) to its best tariff and
prefer free trade to any quota. However, a duopsonist or
duopolist will prefer its best quota to its best tariff and
free trade to any price limit. Finally, the best import or
export tariff of a country which fears retaliation may be
negative. © 1983 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
(North-Holland).},
Doi = {10.1016/S0022-1996(83)80010-5},
Key = {fds239144}
}
@article{fds239201,
Author = {Hartigan, JC and Tower, E},
Title = {Trade Policy and the American Income Distribution},
Journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {261-261},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1982},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1982NR69000010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1924305},
Key = {fds239201}
}
@article{fds239200,
Author = {Kaempfer, WH and Tower, E},
Title = {The balance of payments approach to trade tax symmetry
theorems},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {118},
Number = {1},
Pages = {148-165},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1982},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02706083},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02706083},
Key = {fds239200}
}
@misc{fds28017,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Economics Reading Lists, Course Outlines, Exams, Puzzles and
Problems (a 25-volume set of teaching materials from leading
scholars and universities)},
Publisher = {Durham, Eno River Press},
Year = {1981},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds28017}
}
@article{fds239199,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Buffer stocks are better stabilizers than
quotas},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {113-115},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1981},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1957 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Michael Pelcovits (1979, p. 307) recently showed that with
an unstable foreign excess supply curve, either a fixed
quota or a buffer stock program with a fixed tariff can be
used to stabilize domestic price at a given level, and both
policies 'will have the same effect on social welfare
[so...t]he choice between [the two...] must then be made on
the basis of administrative cost and feasibility'. However,
he reached his conclusion by ranking the two policies on the
basis of domestic welfare, and in this note we demonstrate
with his same model that on the basis of foreign welfare the
buffer stock is better than the quota. Thus, world welfre is
higher under the buffer stock than under the quota. ©
1981.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(81)90047-7},
Key = {fds239199}
}
@article{fds239197,
Author = {Allen, DL and Lewis, L and Tower, E},
Title = {"U.S. Concessions in the Kennedy Round and Short Run Labor
Adjustment Costs: Still Further Evidence},
Journal = {The Quarterly Review of Economics and Business},
Pages = {107-110},
Year = {1980},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds239197}
}
@misc{fds28016,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Economics Reading Lists and Course Outlines (a 15-volume set
of reading lists by leading economists)},
Publisher = {Durham, Eno River Press},
Year = {1980},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds28016}
}
@article{fds239196,
Author = {Hillman, AL and Tower, E and Fishelson, G},
Title = {On Water in the Quota},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {310-310},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1980},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JW69300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/134690},
Key = {fds239196}
}
@article{fds27976,
Author = {John Stuart Mill},
Title = {Supplementary Comment (on Borcherding and
Silverberg]},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Pages = {208},
Year = {1980},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds27976}
}
@article{fds239195,
Author = {Kennedy, P and Tower, E},
Title = {Dynamic Adjustment in an IS-LM Framework},
Journal = {Eastern Economic Journal},
Pages = {53-58},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds239195}
}
@article{fds325957,
Author = {Kennedy, P and Tower, E},
Title = {Excess Demand in the IS-LM Model},
Journal = {Eastern Economic Journal},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-56},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds325957}
}
@article{fds27973,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Effective Market Classification, The New Cambridge School of
Economic Policy and the Choice between Fixed and Flexible
Exchange Rates},
Pages = {231-56},
Booktitle = {Flexible Exchange Rates and the Balance of Payments: Essays
in Memory of Egon Sohmen},
Publisher = {Amsterdam: North-Holland},
Editor = {John S. Chipman and Charles P. Kindleberger},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds27973}
}
@article{fds239198,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Choice between a Tariff and a Quota: Comment [on
Vastrup]},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {heft 4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {580-581},
Year = {1980},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02708826},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02708826},
Key = {fds239198}
}
@article{fds239194,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The geometry of community indifference curves},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {115},
Number = {4},
Pages = {680-700},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1979},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02696739},
Abstract = {While all of our proofs assumed only one or two residents,
the following summary applies to the case of an N person
community for any N> 0 and for many commodities. Community
indifference curves will be non-intersecting and convex if
we assume that the underlying individual indifference curves
are convex and (i) there is only one resident of the economy
or only one "dictator" who makes all consumption decisions
or if (ii) the government continually redistributes income
in order to reach the highest possible Bergsonian welfare
contour (and the BWCs are convex with the individual utility
functions concave) or if (iii) all residents have
indifference curve maps which are identical and hamothetic
or if (iv) all residents have homothetic preferences and
incomes are always distributed in the same proportion
between them, or if (v) they have identical indifference
curve maps and incomes are always distributed evenly between
them, or if (vi) all individuals have the same marginal
propensity to consume any given good and in equilibrium all
individuals consume all goods, or if (vii) value shares are
characterized by PIGL and incomes are always distributed
proportionately. If these curves are rationalized by (i),
the community preference map will be identical to that of
the individual or dictator and normative significance can be
attached to it in that it represents his welfare. If
rationalized by route (ii), these curves are the BWCs drawn
with goods on the axes instead of utilities, i.e., the
social indifference curves sO that again normative
significance is automatically attached to them. In this
case, the community indifference curve corresponding to a
Bergsonian welfare level W*, when drawn with consumption of
the two goods on the axes, is the envelope of the Scitovsky
curves which permit the government to reach the Bergsonian
welfare level W*. Also, when the Bergsonian welfare contours
are right-angled, the community indifference curves are a
consistent, non-intersecting family of Scitovsky
indifference curves. If rationalized by (iii) or (v) the
community indifference curve map will be identical to that
of any individual with all dimensions multiplied by the
community's population and this will also be true of (vii)
except that a different scale factor must be used. If
rationalized by route (iv), the map is homothetic and
correctly indicates Bergsonian welfare, provided that the
Bergsonian welfare function is of the Cobb-Douglas type and
that the distribution shares are the respective exponents of
the welfare function. If rationalized by route (v),
normative significance is automatically attached to it, for
movement to a higher curve implies that every resident is
better off. Finally, if rationalized by (vi), the
community's Engel curves are parallel to those of each
individual and if rationalized by either (iii), (v) or (vi)
each community indifference curve is a Scitovsky
indifference curve and represents a contour of potential
welfare. Finally, there is no normative significance
attached to the community indifference curves in general if
they are rationalized according to (iv) or (vii), for in
these cases they simply serve to indicate the relative
prices which will prevail as a function of the community's
stocks of goods. © 1979 Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der
Universitat Kiel.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02696739},
Key = {fds239194}
}
@article{fds239192,
Author = {Dutton, J and Tower, E},
Title = {Effective Protection and Market Distortions:
Comment},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Pages = {561-563},
Year = {1979},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds239192}
}
@article{fds239189,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Notes on the Dynamics of Optimum Tariff Policy},
Journal = {Revista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e
Commerciali},
Pages = {84-89},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds239189}
}
@article{fds239190,
Author = {Pedersson, G and Tower, E},
Title = {On the long and short run relationship between the forward
rate and the interest parity},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {65-77},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1979},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0164-0704},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0164-0704(79)90021-1},
Abstract = {The interest parity theory postulates that a one percentage
point increase in the interest differential favoring a
currency will be accompanied by an increase in the discount
on that currency in the forward market of one percentage
point as well. Using Canadian data we find that the forward
rate responds to the interest differential with a lag.
Moreover, a unit increase in the differential favoring the
U.S. was accompanied in the long run by a rise in the
discount on the forward U. S. dollar which was not
significantly different from unity. © 1979.},
Doi = {10.1016/0164-0704(79)90021-1},
Key = {fds239190}
}
@article{fds239191,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Profit control in New Zealand*},
Journal = {New Zealand Economic Papers},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0077-9954},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1979HV34300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/00779957909544002},
Key = {fds239191}
}
@article{fds239193,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Economic imperialism and resource nationalism. Comment on
Kemp and Ohyama},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3},
Pages = {423-427},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1979},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(79)90036-9},
Abstract = {Kemp and Ohyama show that a self-seeking resource-poor
imperial economy can use tariffs to completely exploit its
resource-rich raw-material producing colonial trading
partner, but that when capital is immobile, the colonial
economy loses all power to exploit by means of ad valorem
trade taxes. We use geometry to explain why, and demonstrate
that there are other instruments (export quotas, import
quotas, an export tariff specified in units of the import
per unit of the export, and destruction of the raw material
by the colonial economy's government) which may restore the
colonial economy's ability to exploit the imperial one. ©
1979.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(79)90036-9},
Key = {fds239193}
}
@article{fds27981,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {Comment on Jacob Dreyer's 'Countervailing Foreign Use of
Monopoly Power'},
Pages = {369-77},
Booktitle = {Challenges to a Liberal International Economic
Order},
Publisher = {American Enterprise Institute},
Editor = {R. Amacher and G. Haberler and T. D. Willett},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds27981}
}
@article{fds239187,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Optimum Incentive-Schedule Tariff},
Journal = {The Canadian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {726-726},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1978},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0008-4085},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FY36900008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/134378},
Key = {fds239187}
}
@article{fds239186,
Author = {Tower, E and Sheer, A and Baas, HJ},
Title = {Alternative Optimum Tariff Strategies as Devices for
Transferring Real Income},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {18-18},
Publisher = {JSTOR},
Year = {1978},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0038-4038},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978FF18800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/1057613},
Key = {fds239186}
}
@article{fds239188,
Author = {TOWER, E},
Title = {EFFECTIVE PROTECTION OF CANADIAN EXPORTING INDUSTRY -
FURTHER COMMENT},
Journal = {QUARTERLY REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {102-105},
Year = {1978},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {0033-5797},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1978GE97800011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds239188}
}
@article{fds239185,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Inelastic offer curves, stability and the difference between
tariffs and quotas},
Journal = {Atlantic Economic Journal},
Volume = {5},
Number = {3},
Pages = {64-67},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1977},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0197-4254},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02299901},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02299901},
Key = {fds239185}
}
@article{fds239183,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Dynamic Stability and the Choice Between Fixed and Flexible
Exchange Rates},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {87},
Number = {345},
Pages = {81-81},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1977},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1977DB56400005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2231834},
Key = {fds239183}
}
@article{fds239182,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Ranking the optimum tariff and the maximum revenue
tariff},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-79},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1962 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(77)90006-X},
Key = {fds239182}
}
@article{fds239184,
Author = {Sweeney, RJ and Tower, E and Willett, TD},
Title = {The ranking of alternative tariff and quota policies in the
presence of domestic monopoly},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {349-362},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1960 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Bhagwati demonstrated the nonequivalence between tariffs and
quotas in the presence of monopoly. This paper also assumes
domestic production to be monopolized and shows that giving
import licenses or tariff revenues to the domestic producer
may raise or lower the welfare cost of protection and the
price paid by consumers from the price under other tariff
and quota arrangements which maintain the same market share
for the domestic producer. However, if the monopolist
realizes that commercial policy is an instrument used to
maximize the policymaker's welfare function, instead of
being a goal in itself, the equivalence of tariffs and
quotas re-emerges. © 1977.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(77)90052-6},
Key = {fds239184}
}
@article{fds27992,
Author = {R. E. Shields and E. Tower and T. D. Willett},
Title = {Revaluation Can Be Inflationary: An Analysis of Demand
Shifts in a Policy Dilemma Model},
Pages = {62-69},
Booktitle = {The Effects of Exchange-Rate Adjustments},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office},
Editor = {Peter B. Clark and et al.},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds27992}
}
@article{fds239181,
Author = {Kemp, MC and Tower, E},
Title = {On the Shape of the Trade Indifference Curve: Rejoinder to
Batra},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {709},
Year = {1976},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2086 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds239181}
}
@article{fds239180,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Estimation of the Cost of Adjustment to External
Disequilibria: Comment},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Pages = {382-383},
Year = {1976},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds239180}
}
@book{fds28026,
Author = {E. Tower},
Title = {The Theory of Optimum Currency Areas and Exchange-Rate
Flexibility},
Series = {Special Paper in International Economics, No.
11},
Publisher = {Princeton University},
Year = {1976},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds28026}
}
@article{fds239179,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Optimum Tariff Retaliation and Autarky},
Journal = {Eastern Economic Journal},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {72-75},
Year = {1976},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds239179}
}
@article{fds239178,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Money demand and the terms of trade},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {111},
Number = {4},
Pages = {623-633},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02696482},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02696482},
Key = {fds239178}
}
@article{fds239176,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Optimum Quota and Retaliation},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {623-623},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1975},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975AY10500010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2296799},
Key = {fds239176}
}
@article{fds239174,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {On the functional relationship between tariffs and
welfare},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {189-199},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1975},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1996},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1959 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper uses a model of trade in two commodities between
two countries to establish the following proposition. If the
foreign offer curve has no points of inflection and if for
each home rate of duty the equilibrium most favorable to the
home country is selected (or else there is only one
equilibrium), then as the rate of duty increases from zero,
home welfare first rises then declines while foreign welfare
steadily falls. © 1975.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(75)90004-5},
Key = {fds239174}
}
@article{fds239175,
Author = {KEMP, MC and TOWER, E},
Title = {NONTRADED GOODS, FACTOR MARKET DISTORTIONS, AND GAINS FROM
TRADE - COMMENT},
Journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {249-250},
Year = {1975},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975V701400028&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds239175}
}
@article{fds239177,
Author = {TOWER, E},
Title = {MAXIMUM REVENUE TARIFF},
Journal = {MALAYAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
Volume = {20},
Number = {2},
Pages = {33-37},
Year = {1975},
ISSN = {0047-5599},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975CB09300004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds239177}
}
@article{fds239173,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Exchange-Rate Change and Foreign Portfolio
Investment},
Journal = {Economia Internazionale},
Pages = {564-571},
Year = {1974},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds239173}
}
@article{fds239172,
Author = {Tower, E and Courtney, MM},
Title = {Exchange Rate Flexibility and Macroeconomic
Stability},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Pages = {215-224},
Year = {1974},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds239172}
}
@article{fds239171,
Author = {Ross, R and Tower, E},
Title = {More on the neutrality of forward market
intervention},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {109},
Number = {4},
Pages = {701-703},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1973},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02700385},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02700385},
Key = {fds239171}
}
@article{fds239170,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Commercial Policy under Fixed and Flexible Exchange
Rates},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {436-454},
Year = {1973},
Month = {August},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2111 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds239170}
}
@article{fds239169,
Author = {Dean, JW and Tower, E},
Title = {More on Internal and External Balance in an Almost Classical
World},
Journal = {Western Economic Journal},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {232-237},
Year = {1973},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1973.tb02007.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1973.tb02007.x},
Key = {fds239169}
}
@article{fds318188,
Author = {DEAN, JW and TOWER, E},
Title = {REJOINDER},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {240-240},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1973},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1973.tb02009.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.1973.tb02009.x},
Key = {fds318188}
}
@article{fds239166,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Monetary and Fiscal Policy under Fixed and Flexible Exchange
Rates in the Inter-Run},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Volume = {877-96},
Year = {1972},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds239166}
}
@article{fds239168,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {The Short-Run Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policy under
Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates},
Journal = {Economic Record},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {411-423},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1972},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1972.tb00788.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1475-4932.1972.tb00788.x},
Key = {fds239168}
}
@article{fds239165,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a World of Capital Mobility: A
Respecification},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {251-262},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1972},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2296357},
Doi = {10.2307/2296357},
Key = {fds239165}
}
@article{fds239167,
Author = {Tower, E and Willett, TD},
Title = {More on Official Versus Market Financing of Payments
Deficits and the Optimal Pricing of International
Reserves},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {fasc. 3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {537-552},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1972},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1972.tb02342.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6435.1972.tb02342.x},
Key = {fds239167}
}
@article{fds239164,
Author = {Tower, E},
Title = {More on the Welfare Cost of Inflationary
Finance},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit and Banking},
Pages = {850-860},
Year = {1971},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds239164}
}
@article{fds320122,
Author = {Willett, TO and Tower, E},
Title = {THE WELFARE ECONOMICS OF INTERNATIONAL ADJUSTMENT},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {287-302},
Booktitle = {The Journal of Finance},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1971},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1971.tb00897.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1971.tb00897.x},
Key = {fds320122}
}
@article{fds239163,
Author = {Willett, TD and Tower, E},
Title = {Currency areas and exchange-rate flexibility},
Journal = {Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv},
Volume = {105},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-65},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {1970},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0043-2636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02708673},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02708673},
Key = {fds239163}
}
@article{fds28013,
Author = {T. D. Willett and E. Tower},
Title = {The Concept of Optimum Currency Areas and the Choice between
Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates},
Pages = {407-15},
Booktitle = {Approaches to Greater Flexibility of Exchange Rates: The
Burgenstock Papers},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Editor = {Fred Bergsten and et al.},
Year = {1970},
Key = {fds28013}
}
@article{fds239162,
Author = {Stein, JL and Tower, E},
Title = {The Short-Run Stability of the Foreign Exchange
Market},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Pages = {173-185},
Year = {1967},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2126 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds239162}
}
@article{fds239161,
Author = {Leontief, WW and Morgan, A and Polenske, K and Simpson, D and Tower,
E},
Title = {The Economic Impact - Industrial and Regional - of an Arms
Cut},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Pages = {217-241},
Year = {1965},
Month = {August},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2130 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds239161}
}
%% Tran, Duy T
@article{fds49136,
Author = {D.T. Tran},
Title = {Stochastic Volatility, Intraday Seasonality, Liquidity, and
the Effective Spread},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~dtt3/SV_Spread.pdf},
Abstract = {In this paper, we directly model the dynamics of the
intraday returns of several active and inactive individual
stocks, in which the logarithm of the observed price is the
implicit efficient price plus the market microstructure (MM)
noise. We find that the log-linear two-factor stochastic
volatility models are good candidates for modeling the
implicit efficient price. The estimation results are
consistent with the intuition that active stocks have
smaller costs of trade than those of inactive ones.
Importantly, the higher volatility of inactive stocks is the
outcome of the higher volatility of the implicit efficient
price as well as the higher volatility of the MM noise. The
fact that the estimated effective spreads have the same
magnitudes as those of the observed data indicates that the
model captures the first order serial autocorrelation of
returns, which is a result discovered by Roll (1984).
Interestingly, the fast mean-reversion volatility factors of
the inactively traded stocks are much more volatile than
those of the active stocks. Moreover, the models capture
well the pattern of volatility autocorrelations at the
fifteen minute frequency but fail to do so at the daily and
lower frequencies. With respect to the leverage effects, the
models perform well in capturing the observed pattern of
serial correlation between the returns and the lags and
leads of realized volatility at various frequencies.},
Key = {fds49136}
}
@article{fds49137,
Author = {D.T. Tran},
Title = {Relationship between persistent and erratic volatility
factors with trading activity},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~dtt3/RepVo_NT_Size.pdf},
Abstract = {We study the relationship between persistent and erratic
volatility factors and trading activity. Consistent with
Jones et al. (1994), our estimation results show that the
frequency of trades is significantly and positively
associated with return volatility. The results also confirm
the findings of Xu and Wu (1999), Chan and Fong (2000), and
Huang and Masulis (2003) that the average trade size is also
statistically significant in the volatility regression, even
when we have accounted for the effects of the number of
transactions. It is worth emphasizing that our result is
broader than those of the previous papers because we
separate the return volatility into two distinct factors,
persistent and erratic; both volatility factors are
significantly associated with the number of transactions and
average trade size. An important finding of this paper is
that both the number of transactions and the average trade
size have a stronger positive relationship with the erratic
volatility factor than with the persistent factor. This
result is robust whether the stocks are actively or thinly
traded. Moreover, both the number of transactions and the
average trade size play more significant roles in the
association with the volatility of the relatively thinly
traded stocks than with the active stocks; this result is
robust with respect to both the persistent and erratic
volatility factors. Our findings suggest that one can learn
more about the stock market through studying the association
of trading activity with each distinct component of the
return volatility than by focusing only on the relationship
between trading activity and the total return
volatility.},
Key = {fds49137}
}
%% Uribe, Martin
@article{fds48036,
Author = {M. Ravn and S. Schmitt-Grohe and Martin Uribe},
Title = {The Macroeconomics of Subsistence Points},
Journal = {Macroeconomic Dynamics},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/%7Euribe/subsistence_point/subsistence_point.html},
Key = {fds48036}
}
@article{fds48041,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Simple and Implementable Monetary and Fiscal
Rules},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/optimal_simple_rules/optimal_simple_rules.html},
Key = {fds48041}
}
@misc{fds43159,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Inflation Stabilization in a Medium-Scale
Macroeconomic Model},
Booktitle = {``Monetary Policy Under Inflation Targeting'', Proceedings
of the Ninth Annual Central Bank of Chile
Conference},
Publisher = {Central Bank of Chile},
Editor = {Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel and Rick Mishkin},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/chile/chile.html},
Key = {fds43159}
}
@article{fds141033,
Author = {M. Ravn and S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Pricing to Habits and the Law of One Price},
Journal = {American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds141033}
}
@article{fds38467,
Author = {Morten Ravn and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin
Uribe},
Title = {Deep Habits},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {195-218},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/%7Euribe/deep_habits/deep_habits.html},
Key = {fds38467}
}
@article{fds38468,
Author = {M. Uribe and V. Yue},
Title = {Country Spreads and Emerging Countries: Who Drives
Whom},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {6-36},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/uribe_yue_jie/uribe_yue_jie.html},
Key = {fds38468}
}
@article{fds39680,
Author = {Martin Uribe},
Title = {A Fiscal Theory of Sovereign Risk},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {1857-1875},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/FTSR/ftsr.html},
Key = {fds39680}
}
@article{fds44444,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {On Overborrowing},
Journal = {American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings},
Pages = {417-421},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/overborrowing/overborrowing.html},
Key = {fds44444}
}
@misc{fds48039,
Author = {Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martin Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy in a Medium-Scale
Macroeconomic Model},
Pages = {383-425},
Booktitle = {NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2005},
Publisher = {MIT Press: Cambridge MA},
Editor = {M. Gertler and K. Rogoff},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/nberma/nberma.html},
Key = {fds48039}
}
@article{fds27457,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Solving Dynamic General Equilibrium Models Using a
Second-Order Approximation to the Policy
Function},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {755-775},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~uribe/2nd_order.htm},
Key = {fds27457}
}
@article{fds30332,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy Under Imperfect
Competition},
Journal = {Journal of Macroeconomics},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {183-209},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/%7Euribe/mono/mono.html},
Key = {fds30332}
}
@article{fds30333,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy Under Sticky
Prices},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {198-230},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/%7Euribe/ramsey_sticky/ramsey_sticky.html},
Key = {fds30333}
}
@article{fds27456,
Author = {M. Uribe and Jess Benhabib and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe},
Title = {Backward-Looking Interest-Rate Rules, Interest-Rate
Smoothing, and Macroeconomic Instability},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {1379-1412},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27456}
}
@article{fds27458,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {Real Exchange Rate Targeting and Macroeconomic
Instability},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {137-159},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds27458}
}
@article{fds27459,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Closing Small Open Economy Models},
Journal = {Journal of International Economics},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {163-185},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds27459}
}
@article{fds16049,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Avoiding Liquidity Traps},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {110},
Pages = {535-563},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds16049}
}
@article{fds16058,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Chaotic Interest Rate Rules},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Pages = {72-78},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds16058}
}
@article{fds16057,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {The Price Consumption Puzzle of Currency
Pegs},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {49},
Pages = {533-569},
Year = {2002},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds16057}
}
@article{fds16056,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Stabilization Policy and the Costs of Dollarization},
Journal = {Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {482-509},
Year = {2001},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds16056}
}
@article{fds16055,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Monetary Policy and Multiple Equilibria},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {91},
Pages = {167-186},
Year = {2001},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds16055}
}
@article{fds16054,
Author = {J. Benhabib and S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {The Perils of Taylor Rules},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {96},
Pages = {40-69},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds16054}
}
@article{fds30337,
Author = {E. Mendoza and M. Uribe},
Title = {The Business Cycles of Balance-of-Payments Crises: A
Revision of The Mundellian Framework},
Pages = {431-466},
Booktitle = {Factor Mobility and Trade: Essays in Honor of Robert A.
Mundell},
Editor = {G. Calvo and R. Dornbusch and M. Obstfeld},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds30337}
}
@article{fds16053,
Author = {E. Mendoza and M. Uribe},
Title = {Devaluation Risk and the Business Cycle Implications of
Exchange Rate Management},
Journal = {Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public
Policy},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {239-96},
Year = {2000},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds16053}
}
@article{fds16052,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Price Level Determination and Monetary Policy under a
Balanced-Budget Requirement},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {211-246},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds16052}
}
@article{fds16051,
Author = {S. Schmitt-Grohe and M. Uribe},
Title = {Y2K},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {850-856},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds16051}
}
@article{fds16050,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {Comparing the Welfare Costs of Initial Dynamics of
Alternative Inflattion Stabilization Policies},
Journal = {Journal of Development Economics},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {295-318},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds16050}
}
@article{fds27454,
Author = {M. Uribe and Gabriel Picone and Mark Wilson},
Title = {The Effect of Uncertainty on the Demand for Medical Care,
Health Capital and Wealth},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Number = {17},
Pages = {171-185},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds27454}
}
@article{fds27452,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {Hysteresis in a Simple Model of Currency
Substitution},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Number = {40},
Pages = {185-202},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27452}
}
@article{fds27460,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {Exchange-Rate-Based Inflation Stabilization: The Initial
Real Effects of Credible Plans},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Number = {39},
Pages = {197-221},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds27460}
}
@article{fds27455,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {Balanced-Budget Rules, Distortionary Taxes, and Aggregate
Instability},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Number = {105},
Pages = {976-1000},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds27455}
}
@article{fds27461,
Author = {M. Uribe},
Title = {The Behavior of the Trade Balance and the Real Exchange Rate
During Permanent Stabilization Plans},
Journal = {Econ´omica},
Number = {38},
Pages = {133-51},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds27461}
}
%% Vernon, John M
@article{fds27208,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and Joe DiMasi and Henry Grabowski},
Title = {R&D Costs and Reurns by Therapeutic Category},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds27208}
}
@article{fds10771,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and Henry Grabowski and Joe DiMasi},
Title = {"Returns on R&D for 1990s New Drug Introductions"},
Journal = {Pharmacoeconomics},
Volume = {Supplement 3},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds10771}
}
@misc{fds10775,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {"Pressures from the Demand Side: Changing Market Dynamics
and Industrial Structure"},
Booktitle = {Consolidation and Competition in the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Publisher = {Office of Health Economics, London},
Editor = {Hannah E. Kettler},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds10775}
}
@book{fds15025,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and Kip Viscusi and Joe Harrington},
Title = {Economics of Regulation and Antitrust},
Publisher = {MIT Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds15025}
}
@misc{fds10774,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {"The Distribution of Sales Revenues from Pharmaceutical
Innovation"},
Journal = {Pharmacoeconomics},
Volume = {supplement 1},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds10774}
}
@article{fds11967,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {"Effective Patent Life in Pharmaceuticals"},
Journal = {International Journal of Technology Management},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1/2},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds11967}
}
@article{fds11968,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {"The Determinants of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Expenditures"},
Journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {201-205},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds11968}
}
@book{fds27173,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Search for New Vaccines: The Effects of the Vaccines for
Children Program},
Pages = {Pp.vii, 75},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: The AEI Press},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds27173}
}
@article{fds27206,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Prospects for Returns to Pharmaceutical R&D under Health
Care Reform},
Booktitle = {Competitive Strategies in the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute},
Editor = {R. Helms},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds27206}
}
@article{fds27207,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Longer Patents for Increased Generic Competition: The
Waxman-Hatch Act after One Decade},
Journal = {Pharmacoeconomics, supplement 2},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds27207}
}
@article{fds27205,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and J. DiMasi and H. Grabowski},
Title = {R&D Costs, Innovative Output, and Firm Size in the
Pharmaceutical Industry},
Journal = {International Journal of the Economics of
Business},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds27205}
}
@article{fds27204,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Returns to R&D on New Drug Introductions in the
1980s},
Journal = {Journal of Health Economics},
Year = {1994},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds27204}
}
@article{fds27203,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Innovation and Structural Change in Pharmaceuticals and
Biotechnology},
Journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27203}
}
@article{fds27201,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Brand Loyalty, Entry, and Price Competition in
Pharmaceuticals after the 1984 Drug Act},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds27201}
}
@article{fds27202,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Costs and Returns to Pharmaceutical Research and
Development},
Journal = {Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27202}
}
@article{fds27200,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and D. Graham},
Title = {A Note on Decentralized Natural Monopoly
Regulation},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Year = {1991},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds27200}
}
@article{fds27199,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {A New Look at the Returns and Risks to Pharmaceutical
R&D},
Journal = {Management Science},
Year = {1990},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds27199}
}
@article{fds27198,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Pioneers, Imitators, and Generics: A Simulation Model of
Schumpeterian Competition},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds27198}
}
@article{fds27197,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Longer Patents for Lower Imitation Barriers},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {1986},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds27197}
}
@article{fds27195,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {The Economics of Patents and the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {International Symposium on Pharmaceutical
Patents},
Publisher = {National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan},
Year = {1985},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27195}
}
@article{fds27196,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Studies on Drug Substitution, Patent Policy, and Innovation
in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry},
Journal = {Final Report for the National Science Foundation Grant
PB-85-109700},
Publisher = {National Technical Information Services, Washington,
D.C.},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds27196}
}
@misc{fds27212,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Review of U.S. Oil Pipeline Markets: Structure, Pricing and
Public Policy},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {1984},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27212}
}
@article{fds27194,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {A Computer Simulation Model of Pharmaceutical
Innovation},
Booktitle = {The Economics of the Pharmaceutical Industry},
Publisher = {The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund,
Sweden},
Editor = {B. Lindgren},
Year = {1984},
Key = {fds27194}
}
@article{fds27193,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Impact of Patent and Regulatory Policies on Drug
Innovation},
Journal = {Medical Marketing},
Year = {1983},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds27193}
}
@book{fds27171,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and T. Naylor and K. Wertz},
Title = {Managerial Economics: Corporate Economics and
Strategy},
Pages = {Pp.xv, 445},
Publisher = {New York: McGraw-Hill},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds27171}
}
@book{fds27172,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Regulation of Pharmaceuticals: Balancing the Benefits
and Risks},
Pages = {Pp.iv, 74},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds27172}
}
@article{fds27191,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {A Sensitivity Analysis of Expected Profitability of
Pharmaceutical Research and Development},
Journal = {Managerial and Decision Economics},
Year = {1982},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds27191}
}
@article{fds27192,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Pharmaceutical Industry},
Booktitle = {Government and Technical Change: A Cross Industry
Analysis},
Publisher = {New York: Pergamon Press},
Editor = {R. Nelson},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds27192}
}
@article{fds27190,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Determinants of R and D Expenditures in the
Pharmaceutical Indsutry},
Booktitle = {Drugs and Health},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute},
Editor = {R. Helms},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds27190}
}
@article{fds27188,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Substitution Laws and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {Law and Contemporary Problems},
Year = {1979},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds27188}
}
@book{fds27170,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {The Impact of Regulation on Industrial innovation},
Pages = {Pp.xii, 64},
Publisher = {Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds27170}
}
@article{fds27187,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {New Studies on Market Definition, Concentration, Theory of
Supply, Entry, and Promotion},
Booktitle = {Issues in Pharmaceutical Economics},
Publisher = {Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger},
Editor = {R.I. Chien},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds27187}
}
@article{fds27189,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {The Effects of Product Quality Regulation on Innovation in
the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry},
Journal = {Final Report for the National Science Foundation Grant PRA
75-19823},
Publisher = {National Technical Information Services, Washington,
D.C.},
Year = {1979},
Key = {fds27189}
}
@article{fds27186,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Consumer Product Safety Regulation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {1978},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds27186}
}
@article{fds27185,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski and L. Thomas},
Title = {Estimating the Effects of Regulation on Innovation: An
International Comparative Analysis of the Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {Journal of Law and Economics},
Year = {1978},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds27185}
}
@article{fds27184,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski},
Title = {Consumer Protection Regulation in Ethical
Drugs},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {1977},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds27184}
}
@article{fds27182,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Structural Effects of Regulation on Innovation in the
Ethical Drug Industry},
Booktitle = {Essays on Industrial Organization in Honor of Joe
Bain},
Publisher = {Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger},
Editor = {R.T. Masson and P.D. Qualls},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds27182}
}
@article{fds27183,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and H. Grabowski and L. Thomas},
Title = {The Effects of Regulatory Policy on the Incentives to
Innovate},
Booktitle = {Impact of Public Policy on Drug Innovation and
Pricing},
Publisher = {Washington: D.C.: American University},
Editor = {E.A. Link and S. Mitchell},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds27183}
}
@misc{fds27211,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and D. Graham},
Title = {The Economics of the Network-Affilate Relationship:
Comment},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27211}
}
@misc{fds27210,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and S. Peltzman},
Title = {Review of Regulation of Pharmaceutical Innovation: The 1962
Amendments},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Year = {1975},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds27210}
}
@article{fds27181,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and P. Gusen},
Title = {Technical Change and Firm Size: The Pharmaceutical
Industry},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Year = {1974},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds27181}
}
@article{fds27180,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {A Note on the Invention Production Function},
Journal = {Les Proportions et Intensities de Facteurs},
Publisher = {Nanterre, France: Centre National De La Recherche
Scientifique},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds27180}
}
@misc{fds27209,
Author = {J.M. Vernon,M. McElroy},
Title = {A Note on Estimation in Market Structure Performance
Studies},
Journal = {American Economics Review},
Year = {1973},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27209}
}
@article{fds27179,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and R. Nourse},
Title = {Profit Rates and Market Structure of Advertising Intensive
Firms},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Year = {1973},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds27179}
}
@book{fds27169,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Market Structure and Industrial Performance: A Review of
Statistical Findings},
Pages = {Pp.xiii, 140},
Publisher = {Boston: Allyn and Bacon},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds27169}
}
@article{fds27177,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {, Promotion, and Market Share Stability in the
Pharmaceutical Industry},
Journal = {Journal of Industrial Economics},
Year = {1971},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds27177}
}
@book{fds27167,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Public Investment Planning in Civilian Nuclear
Power},
Pages = {Pp. xiv, 167},
Publisher = {Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds27167}
}
@book{fds27168,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and T. Naylor and E. Byrne},
Title = {Introduction to Linear Programming},
Pages = {Pp.xii, 229},
Publisher = {Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing
Company},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds27168}
}
@article{fds27176,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and D. Graham},
Title = {Profitability of Monopolization by Vertical
Integration},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Year = {1971},
Key = {fds27176}
}
@article{fds27178,
Author = {J.M. Vernon,E. Sasser},
Title = {Marketing Simulation Models: The Problem of Specification
Error},
Journal = {A. Schrieber, ed., Corporate Simulation Models},
Publisher = {Seattle, Washington: University of Washington
Press},
Year = {1970},
Key = {fds27178}
}
@article{fds27174,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and T. Naylor and N. Rives},
Title = {An Econometric Model of the Tobacco Industry},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Year = {1969},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds27174}
}
@book{fds27166,
Author = {J.M. Vernon and T. Naylor},
Title = {Microeconomics and Decision Models of the
Firm},
Pages = {Pp.xiii, 482},
Publisher = {New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc.,
1969},
Year = {1969},
Key = {fds27166}
}
@article{fds27175,
Author = {J.M. Vernon},
Title = {Benefits and Costs of Advanced Nuclear Power
Reactors},
Journal = {Applied Economics, Vol.I, no.1},
Year = {1969},
Key = {fds27175}
}
%% Vigdor, Jacob L.
@misc{fds301051,
Author = {JL Vigdor},
Title = {Solving America's Math Problem},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds301051}
}
@article{fds301049,
Author = {JL Vigdor},
Title = {Weighing and Measuring the Decline in Residential
Segregation},
Journal = {CITY & COMMUNITY},
Volume = {12},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-177},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1535-6841},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000320545800006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/cico.12023},
Key = {fds301049}
}
@article{fds301048,
Author = {CT Clotfelter and HF Ladd and CG Muschkin and JL
Vigdor},
Title = {Success in Community College: Do Institutions
Differ?},
Journal = {Research in Higher Education},
Pages = {1-20},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0361-0365},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11162-013-9295-6},
Abstract = {Community colleges are complex organizations and assessing
their performance, though important, is difficult. Compared
to 4-year colleges and universities, community colleges
serve a more diverse population and provide a wider variety
of educational programs that include continuing education
and technical training for adults, and diplomas, associates
degrees, and transfer credits for recent high school
graduates. Focusing solely on the latter programs of North
Carolina's community colleges, we measure the success of
each college along two dimensions: attainment of an applied
diploma or degree; or completion of the coursework required
to transfer to a 4-year college or university. We address
three questions. First, how much variation is there across
the institutions in these measures of student success?
Second, how do these measures of success differ across
institutions after we adjust for the characteristics of the
enrolled students? Third, how do our measures compare to the
measures of success used by the North Carolina Community
College System? Although we find variation along both
dimensions of success, we also find that part of this
variation is attributable to differences in the kinds of
students who attend various colleges. Once we correct for
such differences, we find that it is not possible to
distinguish most of the system's colleges from one another
along either dimension. Top-performing institutions,
however, can be distinguished from the most poorly
performing ones. Finally, our adjusted rates of success show
little correlation either to measurable aspects of the
various colleges or to the metrics used by the state. ©
2013 Springer Science+Business Media New
York.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11162-013-9295-6},
Key = {fds301048}
}
@article{fds301052,
Author = {CT Clotfelter and HF Ladd and JL Vigdor},
Title = {New destinations, new trajectories? The educational progress
of Hispanic youth in North Carolina.},
Journal = {Child Dev},
Volume = {83},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1608-1622},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966926},
Abstract = {Since 1990, Latin American immigrants to the United States
have dispersed beyond traditional gateway regions to a
number of "new destinations." Both theory and past empirical
evidence provide mixed guidance as to whether the children
of these immigrants are adversely affected by residing in a
nontraditional destination. This study uses administrative
public school data to study over 2,800 8- to 18-year-old
Hispanic youth in one new destination, North Carolina.
Conditional on third-grade socioeconomic indicators,
Hispanic youth who arrive by age 9 and remain enrolled in
North Carolina public schools close achievement gaps with
socioeconomically similar White students by sixth grade and
exhibit significantly lower high school dropout rates. Their
performance resembles that of first-generation youth in more
established immigration gateways.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01797.x},
Key = {fds301052}
}
@article{fds301053,
Author = {CT Clotfelter and HF Ladd and JL Vigdor},
Title = {Teacher credentials and student achievement in high school:
A cross-subject analysis with student fixed
effects},
Journal = {Journal of Human Resources},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {655-681},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0022-166X},
Abstract = {We use data on statewide end-of-course tests in North
Carolina to examine the relationship between teacher
credentials and student achievement at the high school
level. We find compelling evidence that teacher credentials,
particularly licensure and certification, affects student
achievement in systematic ways and that the magnitudes are
large enough to be policy relevant. Our findings imply that
the uneven distribution of teacher credentials by race and
socioeconomic status of high school students-a pattern we
also document-contributes to achievement gaps in high
school. In addition, some troubling findings emerge related
to the gender and race of the teachers. © 2010 by the Board
of Regents of the University of Wisconsin
System.},
Key = {fds301053}
}
@article{fds301054,
Author = {P Arcidiacono and JL Vigdor},
Title = {does the river spill over? estimating the economic returns
to attending a racially diverse college},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {537-557},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0095-2583},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00236.x},
Abstract = {This article evaluates the frequently argued but heretofore
little tested hypothesis that increasing minority
representation in elite colleges generates tangible benefits
for majority-race students. Using data on graduates of 30
selective universities, we find only weak evidence of any
relationship between collegiate racial composition and the
postgraduation outcomes of white or Asian students.
Moreover, the strongest evidence we uncover suggests that
increasing minority representation by lowering admission
standards is unlikely to produce benefits and may in fact
cause harm by reducing the representation of minority
students on less selective campuses. While affirmative
action may still be desirable for the benefits it conveys to
minority students, these results provide little support for
" spillover" effects on majority-race students. (JEL I2,
J15, J24). [T]he attainment of a diverse student body is a
constitutionally permissible goal for an institution of
higher education. The atmosphere of 'speculation, experiment
and creation'-so essential to the quality of higher
education-is widely believed to be promoted by a diverse
student body.-Lewis Powell, Regents of the University of
California v. Bakke (438 U.S. 265, 1978, pp. 311-12, quoting
Sweezy v. New Hampshire, 354 U.S. 234, 1957, p. 263). ©
2009 Western Economic Association International.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00236.x},
Key = {fds301054}
}
@book{fds301047,
Author = {JL Vigdor},
Title = {From Immigrants to Americans: The Rise and Fall of Fitting
In},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This book evaluates the assimilation of immigrants in the
United States between 1850 and 2007, placing contemporary
immigrants in historical perspective. It finds that on
average, the path toward the American mainstream is traveled
more rapidly by modern immigrants than it was by their
predecessors a century ago. The average does not tell the
whole story, however. Some contemporary groups exhibit
extraordinary rates of naturalization and economic progress,
while others lag behind to an extent never before witnessed.
The lack of legal status is a major impediment to
assimilation for many of these groups.},
Key = {fds301047}
}
@article{fds301050,
Author = {R MacCoun and PJ Cook and C Muschkin and JL Vigdor},
Title = {Distinguishing spurious and real peer effects: Evidence from
artificial societies, small-group experiments, and real
schoolyards},
Journal = {Review of Law and Economics},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {1555-5879},
Abstract = {In a variety of important domains, there is considerable
correlational evidence suggestive of what are variously
referred to as social norm effects, contagion effects,
information cascades, or peer effects. It is difficult to
statistically identify whether such effects are causal, and
there are various non-causal mechanisms that can produce
such apparent norm effects. Lab experiments demonstrate that
real peer effects occur, but also that apparent cascade or
peer effects can be spurious. A curious feature of American
local school configuration policy provides an opportunity to
identify true peer influences among adolescents. Some school
districts send 6th graders to middle school (e.g., 6th-8th
grade "junior high"); others retain 6th graders for one
additional year in K-6 elementary schools. Using
administrative data on public school students in North
Carolina, we have found that sixth grade students attending
middle schools are much more likely to be cited for
discipline problems than those attending elementary school,
and the effects appear to persist at least through ninth
grade. A plausible explanation is that these effects occur
because sixth graders in middle schools are suddenly exposed
to two cohorts of older, more delinquent peers. © 2008 by
bepress.},
Key = {fds301050}
}
%% Viswanathan, S.
@article{fds366321,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S and Vuillemey, G},
Title = {Risk Management in Financial Institutions},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {591-637},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12868},
Abstract = {We study risk management in financial institutions using
data on hedging of interest rate and foreign exchange risk.
We find strong evidence that institutions with higher net
worth hedge more, controlling for risk exposures, across
institutions and within institutions over time. For
identification, we exploit net worth shocks resulting from
loan losses due to declines in house prices. Institutions
that sustain such shocks reduce hedging significantly
relative to otherwise-similar institutions. The reduction in
hedging is differentially larger among institutions with
high real estate exposure. The evidence is consistent with
the theory that financial constraints impede both financing
and hedging.},
Doi = {10.1111/jofi.12868},
Key = {fds366321}
}
@article{fds341927,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Financial Intermediary Capital},
Pages = {413-455},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy020},
Abstract = {We propose a dynamic theory of financial intermediaries that
are better able to collateralize claims than households,
that is, have a collateralization advantage. Intermediaries
require capital as they have to finance the additional
amount that they can lend out of their own net worth. The
net worth of financial intermediaries and the corporate
sector are both state variables affecting the spread between
intermediated and direct finance and the dynamics of real
economic activity, such as investment, and financing. The
accumulation of net worth of intermediaries is slow relative
to that of the corporate sector. The model is consistent
with key stylized facts about macroeconomic downturns
associated with a credit crunch, namely, their severity,
their protractedness, and the fact that the severity of the
credit crunch itself affects the severity and persistence of
downturns. The model captures the tentative and halting
nature of recoveries from crises.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdy020},
Key = {fds341927}
}
@article{fds319298,
Author = {Breeden, DT and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Why do firms hedge? An asymmetric information
model},
Journal = {Journal of Fixed Income},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {7-25},
Publisher = {Institutional Investor Journals},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jfi.2016.25.3.007},
Doi = {10.3905/jfi.2016.25.3.007},
Key = {fds319298}
}
@article{fds267507,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Sufi, A and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Dynamic risk management},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {111},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-296},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Abstract = {Both financing and risk management involve promises to pay
that need to be collateralized, resulting in a financing
versus risk management trade-off. We study this trade-off in
a dynamic model of commodity price risk management and show
that risk management is limited and that more financially
constrained firms hedge less or not at all. We show that
these predictions are consistent with the evidence using
panel data for fuel price risk management by airlines. More
constrained airlines hedge less both in the cross section
and within airlines over time. Risk management drops
substantially as airlines approach distress and recovers
only slowly after airlines enter distress. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Key = {fds267507}
}
@article{fds267510,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Collateral and capital structure},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {109},
Number = {2},
Pages = {466-492},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.03.002},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic model of investment, capital structure,
leasing, and risk management based on firms' need to
collateralize promises to pay with tangible assets. Both
financing and risk management involve promises to pay
subject to collateral constraints. Leasing is strongly
collateralized costly financing and permits greater
leverage. More constrained firms hedge less and lease more,
both cross-sectionally and dynamically. Mature firms
suffering adverse cash flow shocks may cut risk management
and sell and lease back assets. Persistence of productivity
reduces the benefits to hedging low cash flows and can lead
firms not to hedge at all. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.03.002},
Key = {fds267510}
}
@article{fds267508,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Sufi, A and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Dynamic risk management},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {111},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-296},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.10.003},
Key = {fds267508}
}
@article{fds267529,
Author = {Acharya, VV and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Leverage, Moral Hazard, and Liquidity},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {66},
Number = {1},
Pages = {99-138},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01627.x},
Abstract = {Financial firms raise short-term debt to finance asset
purchases; this induces risk shifting when economic
conditions worsen and limits their ability to roll over
debt. Constrained firms de-lever by selling assets to
lower-leverage firms. In turn, asset-market liquidity
depends on the system-wide distribution of leverage, which
is itself endogenous to future economic prospects. Good
economic prospects yield cheaper short-term debt, inducing
entry of higher-leverage firms. Consequently, adverse asset
shocks in good times lead to greater de-leveraging and
sudden drying up of market and funding liquidity. © 2011
the American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01627.x},
Key = {fds267529}
}
@article{fds267531,
Author = {Rampini, AA and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Collateral, risk management, and the distribution of debt
capacity},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {65},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2293-2322},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01616.x},
Abstract = {Collateral constraints imply that financing and risk
management are fundamentally linked. The opportunity cost of
engaging in risk management and conserving debt capacity to
hedge future financing needs is forgone current investment,
and is higher for more productive and less well-capitalized
firms. More constrained firms engage in less risk management
and may exhaust their debt capacity and abstain from risk
management, consistent with empirical evidence and in
contrast to received theory. When cash flows are low, such
firms may be unable to seize investment opportunities and be
forced to downsize. Consequently, capital may be less
productively deployed in downturns. © 2010 the American
Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01616.x},
Key = {fds267531}
}
@article{fds267527,
Author = {Narasimhan, R and Swink, M and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {On decisions for integration implementation: An examination
of complementarities between product-process technology
integration and supply chain integration},
Journal = {Decision Sciences},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {355-372},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0011-7315},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2010.00267.x},
Abstract = {Research has shown that both product-process technology
(PPT) integration and supply chain integration efforts
produce operational benefits, yet synergies between these
types of integration are not well understood. This article
empirically examines strategic customer integration and
supplier integration as complementary activities for PPT
integration, with the aim of helping manufacturing plant
managers to intelligently implement mutually supportive
types of integration. We set two conditions for establishing
complementarity: (i) one type of strategic integration must
positively influence the adoption of another and (ii) the
two types of strategic integration must exhibit a
synergistic fit with respect to manufacturing plant
capabilities. We test these conditions using survey results
representing 224 manufacturing plants. The findings show
positive complementarities between PPT integration and
supplier integration with respect to quality, delivery, and
process flexibility. Also, positive complementarities exist
between PPT integration and customer integration with
respect to quality and new product flexibility. The results
extend the emerging theory of strategic value chain
integration and provide guidance to manufacturing managers
who wish to assemble strategic integration policies. ©
2010, The Author Journal compilation © 2010, Decision
Sciences Institute.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-5915.2010.00267.x},
Key = {fds267527}
}
@article{fds267526,
Author = {Hameed, A and Kang, W and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Stock market declines and liquidity},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {257-293},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01529.x},
Abstract = {Consistent with recent theoretical models where binding
capital constraints lead to sudden liquidity dry-ups, we
find that negative market returns decrease stock liquidity,
especially during times of tightness in the funding market.
The asymmetric effect of changes in aggregate asset values
on liquidity and commonality in liquidity cannot be fully
explained by changes in demand for liquidity or volatility
effects. We document interindustry spillover effects in
liquidity, which are likely to arise from capital
constraints in the market making sector. We also find
economically significant returns to supplying liquidity
following periods of large drops in market valuations. ©
2009 the American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01529.x},
Key = {fds267526}
}
@article{fds267525,
Author = {Carlin, BI and Dorobantu, F and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Public trust, the law, and financial investment},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {3},
Pages = {321-341},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0304-405X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.07.001},
Abstract = {How does trust evolve in markets? What is the optimal level
of regulation and how does this affect trust formation and
economic growth? In a theoretical model, we analyze these
questions, given the value of social capital and the
potential for growth in the market. When social capital is
valuable, regulation and trustfulness are substitutes. In
this case, regulation may cause lower aggregate investment
and decreased economic growth. When the social capital is
less valuable, regulation and trustfulness may be
complements. In the paper, we analyze the optimal level of
regulation and highlight the novel predictions of the model.
© 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.07.001},
Key = {fds267525}
}
@article{fds267524,
Author = {Kyle, AS and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {How to define illegal price manipulation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {274-279},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.274},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.2.274},
Key = {fds267524}
}
@article{fds267523,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Wei, B},
Title = {Endogenous events and long-run returns},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {855-888},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhm090},
Abstract = {We analyze event abnormal returns when returns predict
events. In fixed samples, we show that the expected abnormal
return is negative and becomes more negative as the holding
period increases. Asymptotically, abnormal returns converge
to zero provided that the process of the number of events is
stationary. Nonstationarity in the process of the number of
events is needed to generate a large negative bias. We
present theory and simulations for the specific case of a
lognormal model to characterize the magnitude of the
small-sample bias. We illustrate the theory by analyzing
long-term returns after initial public offerings (IPOs) and
seasoned equity offerings (SEOs).},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhm090},
Key = {fds267523}
}
@article{fds267522,
Author = {Carlin, BI and Lobo, MS and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Episodic liquidity crises: Cooperative and predatory
trading},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {62},
Number = {5},
Pages = {2235-2274},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01274.x},
Abstract = {We describe how episodic illiquidity arises from a breakdown
in cooperation between market participants. We first solve a
one-period trading game in continuous-time, using an asset
pricing equation that accounts for the price impact of
trading. Then, in a multi-period framework, we describe an
equilibrium in which traders cooperate most of the time
through repeated interaction, providing apparent liquidity
to one another. Cooperation breaks down when the stakes are
high, leading to predatory trading and episodic illiquidity.
Equilibrium strategies that involve cooperation across
markets lead to less frequent episodic illiquidity, but
cause contagion when cooperation breaks down. © 2007 by The
American Finance Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01274.x},
Key = {fds267522}
}
@article{fds267532,
Author = {Brusco, S and Lopomo, G and Robinson, DT and Viswanathan,
S},
Title = {Efficient mechanisms for mergers and acquisitions},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3},
Pages = {995-1035},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00452.x},
Abstract = {We characterize incentive-efficient merger outcomes when
payments can be made both in cash and stock. Each firm has
private information about both its stand-alone value and a
component of the (possibly negative) potential synergies. We
study two cases: when transfers can, and cannot, be made
contingent on the value of any new firm. When they can, we
show that redistributing shares of any nonmerging firm
generates information rents and provides necessary and
sufficient conditions for the implementability of efficient
merger rules. When they cannot, private information
undermines efficiency more when it concerns stand-alone
values than synergies. Here, acquisitions emerge as optimal
mechanisms. © 2007 by the Economics Department Of The
University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of
Social And Economic Research Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2007.00452.x},
Key = {fds267532}
}
@article{fds267520,
Author = {Rhodes-Kropf, M and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Financing auction bids},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {789-815},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
Abstract = {In many auctions, bidders do not have enough cash to pay
their bid. If bidders have asymmetric cash positions and
independent private values, then auctions will be
inefficient. However, what happens if bidders have access to
financial markets? We characterize efficient auctions and
show that in an efficient auction the information rent that
a bidder earns depends generally on both his valuation and
his cash position. In contrast, a competitive capital market
that is efficient must have information rents that depend
only on valuation. This tension between information rents in
an efficient auction and zero profits in a competitive
equilibrium implies that most often, competitive financing
is not efficient. Copyright © 2005, RAND.},
Key = {fds267520}
}
@article{fds267530,
Author = {Rhodes-Kropf, M and Robinson, DT and Viswanathan,
S},
Title = {Valuation waves and merger activity: The empirical
evidence},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Economics},
Volume = {77},
Number = {3},
Pages = {561-603},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2004.06.015},
Abstract = {To test recent theories suggesting that valuation errors
affect merger activity, we develop a decomposition that
breaks the market-to-book ratio (M/B) into three components:
the firm-specific pricing deviation from short-run industry
pricing; sector-wide, short-run deviations from firms'
long-run pricing; and long-run pricing to book. We find
strong support for recent theories by Rhodes-Kropf and
Viswanathan [2004. Market valuation and merger waves.
Journal of Finance, forthcoming] and Shleifer and Vishny
[2003. Stock market driven acquisitions. Journal of
Financial Economics 70, 295-311], which predict that
misvaluation drives mergers. So much of the behavior of M/B
is driven by firm-specific deviations from short-run
industry pricing, that long-run components of M/B run
counter to the conventional wisdom: Low long-run value to
book firms buy high long-run value-to-book firms.
Misvaluation affects who buys whom, as well as method of
payment, and combines with neoclassical explanations to
explain aggregate merger activity. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jfineco.2004.06.015},
Key = {fds267530}
}
@article{fds267518,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Wang, JJD},
Title = {Inter-dealer trading in financial markets},
Journal = {Journal of Business},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {987-1040},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0021-9398},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/422631},
Abstract = {We compare the following multi-stage inter-dealer trading
mechanisms: a one-shot uniform-price auction, a sequence of
unit auctions (sequential auctions), and a limit-order book.
With uninformative customer orders, sequential auctions are
revenue-preferred because winning dealers in earlier stages
restrict quantity in subsequent auctions so as to raise the
price. Since winning dealers make higher profits, dealers
compete aggressively, thus yielding higher customer revenue.
With informative customer orders, winning dealers use their
private information in subsequent trading, reducing
liquidity. Sequential trading breaks down when the customer
order flow is too informative, while the limit-order book is
robust and yields higher revenues. © 2004 by The University
of Chicago. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1086/422631},
Key = {fds267518}
}
@article{fds267519,
Author = {Rhodes-Kropf, M and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Market valuation and merger waves},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {59},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2685-2718},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00713.x},
Abstract = {Does valuation affect mergers? Data suggest that periods of
stock merger activity are correlated with high market
valuations. The naïve explanation that overvalued bidders
wish to use stock is incomplete because targets should not
be eager to accept stock. However, we show that potential
market value deviations from fundamental values on both
sides of the transaction can rationally lead to a
correlation between stock merger activity and market
valuation. Merger waves and waves of cash and stock
purchases can be rationally driven by periods of over- and
undervaluation of the stock market. Thus, valuation
fundamentally impacts mergers.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00713.x},
Key = {fds267519}
}
@article{fds267517,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Wang, JJD},
Title = {Market architecture: Limit-order books versus dealership
markets},
Journal = {Journal of Financial Markets},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-167},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1386-4181},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1386-4181(01)00025-8},
Abstract = {We analyze the customer's choice with respect to a
limit-order book, a dealership market, and a hybrid market
structure that combines the two. The customer's sell order
is competed for and divided among a finite number of
risk-averse market makers. We present a general
characterization of equilibrium in the limit-order book. We
show that when the order flow has a linear hazard ratio, the
limit order book is preferred by risk neutral customers.
However, a risk averse customer will prefer to trade in a
dealership market when the number of market makers is large.
Further, for risk averse customers, the hybrid market
structure can dominate the dealership market and the
limit-order book. The results are driven by a tradeoff
between two features of the equilibrium demand schedules: a
bid-shading effect that operates differently in a
limit-order book compared with a dealership market, and a
zero-quantity bid-ask spread that is present in the
limit-order book only © 2002.},
Doi = {10.1016/S1386-4181(01)00025-8},
Key = {fds267517}
}
@article{fds267514,
Author = {Bagnoli, M and Viswanathan, S and Holden, C},
Title = {On the existence of linear equilibria in models of market
making},
Journal = {Mathematical Finance},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-31},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9965.00106},
Abstract = {We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a linear
equilibrium in three types of competitive market making
models: Kyle type models (when market makers only observe
aggregate net order flow), Glosten-Milgrom and Easley-O'Hara
type models (when market makers observe and trade one order
at a time), and call markets models (individual order models
when market makers observe a number of orders before pricing
and executing any of them). We study two cases: when
privately informed (strategic) traders are symmetrically
informed and when they have differential information. We
derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the
distributions of the random variables for a linear
equilibrium. We also explore those features of the
equilibrium that depend on linearity as opposed to the
particular distributional assumptions and we provide a large
number of examples of linear equilibria for each of the
models.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-9965.00106},
Key = {fds267514}
}
@article{fds267515,
Author = {Rhodes-Kropf, M and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Corporate reorganizations and non-cash auctions},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {55},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1807-1849},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00269},
Abstract = {This paper extends the theory of non-cash auctions by
considering the revenue and efficiency of using different
securities. Research on bankruptcy and privatization
suggests using non-cash auctions to increase
cash-constrained bidder participation. We examine this
proposal and demonstrate that securities may lead to higher
revenue. However, bidders pool unless bids include debt,
which results in possible repossession by the seller. This
suggests all-equity outcomes are unlikely and explains the
high debt of reorganized firms. Securities also
inefficiently determine bidders' incentive contracts and the
firm's capital structure. Therefore, we recommend a new cash
auction for an incentive contract.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00269},
Key = {fds267515}
}
@article{fds267516,
Author = {Hansch, O and Naik, NY and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Preferencing, internalization, best execution, and dealer
profits},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {54},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1799-1828},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00167},
Abstract = {The practices of preferencing and internalization have been
alleged to support collusion, cause worse execution, and
lead to wider spreads in dealership style markets relative
to auction style markets. For a sample of London Stock
Exchange stocks, we find that preferenced trades pay higher
spreads, however they do not generate higher dealer profits.
Internalized trades pay lower, not higher, spreads. We do
not find a relation between the extent of preferencing or
internalization and spreads across stocks. These results do
not lend support to the "collusion" hypothesis but are
consistent with a "costly search and trading relationships"
hypothesis.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00167},
Key = {fds267516}
}
@article{fds267513,
Author = {Naik, NY and Neuberger, A and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Trade disclosure regulation in markets with negotiated
trades},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {873-900},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/12.4.873},
Abstract = {In dealership markets disclosure of size and price details
of public trades is typically incomplete. We examine whether
full and prompt disclosure of public-trade details improves
the welfare of a risk-averse investor. We analyze a model of
dealership market where a market maker first executes a
public trade and then offsets her position by trading with
other market makers. We distinguish between quantity risk
and price revision risk. We show that if the market maker
learns some information about the motive behind public
trade, neither regime is unambiguously welfare superior.
This is because greater transparency improves quantity risk
sharing but worsens price revision risk sharing.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/12.4.873},
Key = {fds267513}
}
@article{fds267512,
Author = {Hansch, O and Naik, NY and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Do inventories matter in dealership markets? Evidence from
the London Stock Exchange},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1623-1656},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00067},
Abstract = {Using London Stock Exchange data, we test the central
implication of the canonical model of Ho and Stoll (1983)
that relative inventory differences determine dealer
behavior. We find that relative inventories explain which
dealers obtain large trades and show that movements between
best ask, best bid, and straddle are highly correlated with
both standardized and relative inventory changes. We show
that the mean reversion in inventories is highly nonlinear
and increasing in inventory levels. We show that a key
determinant of variations in interdealer trading is
inventories and that interdealer trading plays an important
role in managing large inventory positions.},
Doi = {10.1111/0022-1082.00067},
Key = {fds267512}
}
@article{fds267511,
Author = {Foster, FD and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Strategic trading when agents forecast the forecasts of
others},
Journal = {Journal of Finance},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1437-1478},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1996.tb04075.x},
Abstract = {We analyze a multi-period model of trading with
differentially informed traders, liquidity traders, and a
market maker. Each informed trader's initial information is
a noisy estimate of the long-term value of the asset, and
the different signals received by informed traders can have
a variety of correlation structures. With this setup,
informed traders not only compete with each other for
trading profits, they also learn about other traders'
signals from the observed order flow. Our work suggests that
the initial correlation among the informed traders' signals
has a significant effect on the informed traders' profits
and the informativeness of prices.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1996.tb04075.x},
Key = {fds267511}
}
@article{fds313182,
Author = {Foster, FD and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {Can speculative trading explain the volume-volatility
relation?},
Journal = {Journal of Business and Economic Statistics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {379-396},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-0015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1995.10524613},
Abstract = {We derive a speculative trading model with endogenous
informed trading that yields a conditionally heteroscedastic
time series for trading volume and the squared price
changes. We use half-hourly price-change and volume data for
IBM during 1988 to test the model and estimate the
structural parameters using the simulated method-of-moments
estimation procedure. Although the model seems to do a
reasonable job fitting the unconditional moments of the
volume and the squared price change processes, it fares less
well in fitting the relation between current trading volume
and lags of trading volume and squared volume (and its
lag’s) relation to squared price changes. © 1995 Taylor &
Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/07350015.1995.10524613},
Key = {fds313182}
}
@article{fds315537,
Author = {Viswanathan, S},
Title = {A Multiple Signalling Model of Corporate Financial
Policy},
Journal = {Research in Finance},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {1-135},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0882-3138},
Key = {fds315537}
}
@article{fds315534,
Author = {McCardle, KF and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {The Direct Entry Versus Takeover Decision and Stock Price
Performance Around Takeovers},
Journal = {The Journal of Business},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-1},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9398},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/296622},
Doi = {10.1086/296622},
Key = {fds315534}
}
@article{fds315535,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Foster, FD},
Title = {Strategic Trading with Asymmetrically Informed Traders and
Long-Lived Information},
Journal = {Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Pages = {499-518},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0022-1090},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2331107},
Abstract = {A dynamic model of strategic trading with two asymmetrically
informed traders is analyzed where one informed trader knows
the information seen by both informed traders, and the other
informed trader only knows his private information. While
the first informed trader is better informed, the second
informed trader can make inferences about this extra
information; in fact, the second informed trader can make
sharper inferences from the order flow than the market maker
about the extra information. In this setting, competition
among the informed traders has a very interesting form. The
informed trader with the additional information trades less
intensely on that information early on, and both informed
traders trade very intensely on their common information.
This makes it more difficult for the trader with less
information to learn about the information he does not have.
When there are only a few remaining trading periods and the
information known to both traders has largely been revealed
through their trading, then the trader with the additional
information trades more intensely on the basis of his
private information. © 1994, School of Business
Administration, University of Washington. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.2307/2331107},
Key = {fds315535}
}
@article{fds315536,
Author = {Viswanathan, S and Foster, FD},
Title = {Trading Costs for Target Firms Around Takeovers},
Journal = {Advances in Financial Economics},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {37-57},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {1569-3732},
Key = {fds315536}
}
@article{fds315530,
Author = {Foster, FD and Viswanathan, S},
Title = {The Effect of Public Information and Competition on Trading
Volume and Price Volatility},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-56},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0893-9454},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/6.1.23},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/6.1.23},
Key = {fds315530}
}
@article{fds315531,
Author = {FOSTER, FD and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {Variations in Trading Volume, Return Volatility, and Trading
Costs; Evidence on Recent Price Formation
Models},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {187-211},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04706.x},
Abstract = {Patterns in stock market trading volume, trading costs, and
return volatility are examined using New York Stock Exchange
data from 1988. Intraday test results indicate that, for
actively traded firms trading volume, adverse selection
costs, and return volatility are higher in the first
half‐hour of the day. This evidence is inconsistent with
the Admati and Pfleiderer (1988) model which predicts that
trading costs are low when volume and return volatility are
high. Interday test results show that, for actively traded
firms, trading volume is low and adverse selection costs are
high on Monday, which is consistent with the predictions of
the Foster and Viswanathan (1990) model. 1993 The American
Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04706.x},
Key = {fds315531}
}
@article{fds315532,
Author = {BANSAL, R and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {No Arbitrage and Arbitrage Pricing: A New
Approach},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1231-1262},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MB51200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We argue that arbitrage‐pricing theories (APT) imply the
existence of a low‐dimensional nonnegative nonlinear
pricing kernel. In contrast to standard constructs of the
APT, we do not assume a linear factor structure on the
payoffs. This allows us to price both primitive and
derivative securities. Semi‐nonparametric techniques are
used to estimate the pricing kernel and test the theory.
Empirical results using size‐based portfolio returns and
yields on bonds reject the nested capital asset‐pricing
model and linear APT and support the nonlinear APT.
Diagnostics show that the nonlinear model is more capable of
explaining variations in small firm returns. 1993 The
American Finance Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04753.x},
Key = {fds315532}
}
@article{fds315533,
Author = {BANSAL, R and HSIEH, DA and VISWANATHAN, S},
Title = {A New Approach to International Arbitrage
Pricing},
Journal = {The Journal of Finance},
Volume = {48},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1719-1747},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-1082},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MP99100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This paper uses a nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model, a
conditional linear model, and an unconditional linear model
to price international equities, bonds, and forward currency
contracts. Unlike linear models, the nonlinear
arbitrage‐pricing model requires no restrictions on the
payoff space, allowing it to price payoffs of options,
forward contracts, and other derivative securities. Only the
nonlinear arbitrage‐pricing model does an adequate job of
explaining the time series behavior of a cross section of
international returns. 1993 The American Finance
Association},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb05126.x},
Key = {fds315533}
}
@article{fds315529,
Author = {Viswanathan, S},
Title = {A Theory of the Interday Variations in Volumes, Variances
and Trading Costs in Securities Markets},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {593-624},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy K - Oxford Open Option
E},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1465-7368},
Key = {fds315529}
}
%% Wang, Jingshu
@unpublished{fds31210,
Author = {J. Wang and Frank A. Sloan},
Title = {Racial and Ethnic Disparities Among the Elderly in Measures
of Cognitive Function},
Journal = {Accepted by Journal of Gerontology: Psychological
Sciences},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~jw10/2cognition_august.pdf},
Keywords = {cognition race elderly},
Abstract = {This study examines racial and ethnic differences in
cognitive functioning among persons aged 70+, both cross
sectionally and longitudinally, using data from four waves
of the Assets and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old (AHEAD)
survey. The largest differences were between blacks and
whites. Differences between whites and Hispanics or persons
of other race were lower at baseline and narrowed over the
seven-year followup period. Blacks scored lower than whites
on a modified version of the Telephone Interview for
Cognitive Status, on a measure based of cognitive status
provided by proxy respondents of sample persons and on
measures of daily activities requiring cognitive skills.
Longitudinally, the black- white differences either remained
the same or blacks declined relative to whites.},
Key = {fds31210}
}
@unpublished{fds26641,
Author = {Jingshu Wang},
Title = {Welfare Reform and Child Care by Grandparents},
Journal = {Job Market Paper},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~jw10/3jobpaper.pdf},
Abstract = {The choice of childcare arrangements is critical to the
success of welfare reform, because it affects both the
employment of parents in low-income families, and the
well-being of the children. The current study quantifies
childcare arrangement changes that have resulted from the
recent changes of welfare policies. Using national panel
data from the Health Retirement Study, this study examines
how welfare reform, both the state- specific waivers in the
early 1990s and the 1996 Federal welfare reform legislation,
affected the amount of childcare provided by grandparents.
The study estimates a two-part model for the probability of
any care and the amount of care conditional on any care, and
presents the difference-in-difference estimates of the
overall effects. The findings are that grandparents who had
any single-mother child are found to have spent more time
with their grandchildren than other parents before welfare
reforms; and the gap widened after welfare reform, but only
to a small extent. As the grandchildren in the sample were
very likely to be of school age, the study concludes that
welfare reform probably had very little impact on children
of school age. Policies on childcare should thus emphasize
more on families with pre-school children.},
Key = {fds26641}
}
@article{fds28034,
Author = {Jingshu Wang},
Title = {Time Prices of Eldercare, Market Work and
Leisure},
Journal = {Working paper},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~jw10/time.pdf},
Abstract = {This study estimates a time allocation model for an informal
caregiver's decision of elderly care, labor market work and
other activities. Specifically, it provides estimates of the
prices of time, i.e. the unit values people put on the time
in doing certain activities. It leads to several findings.
First, time spent on parent care did not affect the time
price of leisure, which suggests that middle-aged women
treat parent care differently than labor market work.
Second, the study also suggests using time price of other
activities as a measure for the cost of forgone leisure.
Finally, simulation shows that the policy paying caregivers
at an hourly rate can increase the amounts of caregivers and
caregiving, with a low reduction in labor
supply.},
Key = {fds28034}
}
@article{fds28035,
Author = {Jingshu Wang},
Title = {Motives for Intergenerational Transfers},
Journal = {Working paper},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds28035}
}
@article{fds26534,
Author = {J. Wang and Frank A Sloan and Harold H Zhang},
Title = {Upstream intergenerational transfers},
Journal = {Southern Economic Journal},
Volume = {69},
Number = {2},
Pages = {363-80},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~jw10/publication_sej2002.pdf},
Abstract = {This study analyzes upstream intergenerational transfers
from middle-aged children to their elderly parents. We
formulate a model in which the middle-aged child transfers
both money and time to an elderly parent based on an
altruistic motive. We examine substitution between financial
transfers and time transfers using data from the Health and
Retirement Study (HRS). Empirical results support the
assumption that upstream transfers are motivated by
altruism, particularly financial transfers. Parents
financially worse off than their middle-aged children
receive more money. They are more likely to live nearby if
not coresident. Overall, the results for time transfers
provide weaker support for our model than financial
transfers. A child with a high wage tends to transfer money
rather than time, suggesting that the two types of transfers
are partial substitutes.},
Key = {fds26534}
}
%% Wang, Wen
@article{fds326659,
Author = {Dai, T and Jiang, S and Liu, X and Wang, W},
Title = {The impact of internet sales tax in a search model of money:
Some analytical results},
Journal = {Annals of Economics and Finance},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-144},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Abstract = {© 2016, Central University of Finance and Economics. All
rights reserved. We use a search-theoretic model to study
the impact of internet sales taxes, in both lump-sum and
proportional fashions. We show that both forms of taxes,
especially the lump-sum tax, have real effects on the online
market if the terms of trade are negotiable, while a
proportional tax distorts the economy further. We then
propose a preferential tax policy and show that it together
with a lump-sum internet sales tax can recover the first
best. We also give some policy suggestions.},
Key = {fds326659}
}
%% Wang, Xiao Yu
@article{fds325958,
Author = {Wang, XY and Suarez Serrato and JC and Zhang, S},
Title = {The Limits of Meritocracy: Screening Bureaucrats Under
Imperfect Verifiability},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds325958}
}
@article{fds320637,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {Endogenous Insurance and Informal Relationships},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Number = {161},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
Abstract = {Heterogeneously risk-averse individuals who lack access to
formal insurance build and use relationships with each other
to manage risk. I show that the composition of equilibrium
relationships under pairwise matching and when group size is
endogenous is determined by a mean-variance trade-off across
differentially risky productive opportunities, though output
distributions may have infinitely-many nonzero cumulants.
This has important policy implications. For example, a
policy which ignores the equilibrium response of informal
institutions may exacerbate inequality and hurt most those
it intended to help: a reduction in aggregate risk may lead
to an increase in risk borne by the most risk-averse
individuals, as the least risk-averse abandon their roles as
informal insurers. The theory also sheds light on the
channels through which endogenous insurance relationships
influence informal firm structure and entrepreneurship.},
Key = {fds320637}
}
@article{fds323829,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {Policy-making and the adaptability of informal
institutions},
Journal = {The World Bank Economic Review},
Volume = {29},
Number = {suppl 1},
Pages = {S174-S181},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhv022},
Abstract = {This article discusses several of the insights generated by
a theory of the formation of relationships between
heterogeneously risk-averse individuals who lack access to
formal insurance. An example illustrates the policy
relevance of the theory, and demonstrates a relationship
between the emergence of entrepreneurship in developing
economies and higher income inequality. Reducing aggregate
risk is a strict Pareto improvement if relationships in the
status quo are assumed to remain constant, but is shown to
be particularly harmful for the most risk-averse individuals
and to exacerbate inequality when the endogenous network
response is taken into account: the least risk-averse
individuals abandon their roles as informal insurers in
favor of entrepreneurial partnerships.},
Doi = {10.1093/wber/lhv022},
Key = {fds323829}
}
@article{fds325959,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {Risk Sorting, Portfolio Choice, and Endogenous Informal
Insurance},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325959}
}
@article{fds320638,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {A Note on Moral Hazard and Linear Compensation
Schemes},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {160},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {This note identifies a moral hazard environment in which a
piecewise linear compensation scheme is optimal. Both the
principal and the agent have CARA utility, mean output is
increasing in the agent's non-contractible input, and output
is distributed according to a Laplace distribution, which
resembles a normal distribution (e.g. it is symmetric about
the mean), but has fatter tails. The key property of the
Laplace distribution is that the likelihood ratio is a
piecewise constant, where the discontinuity occurs at the
mean. The value of this approach is twofold: First, a
tractable, empirically-observed wage scheme emerges as the
equilibrium in a simple static contracting model. Second,
the optimal piecewise linear scheme cleanly separates
insurance and incentive provision. The linearity at output
levels away from the mean captures insurance, while the jump
at the mean captures incentive provision. Hence, this model
is well-suited for studying a wide variety of
principal-agent problems in risky environments subject to
moral hazard, such as the effect of risk and moral hazard
considerations on employment relationships in developing
economies.},
Key = {fds320638}
}
@article{fds320639,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {Interdependent Utility and Truthtelling in Two-Sided
Matching},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {159},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Mechanisms which implement stable matchings are often
observed to work well in practice, even in environments
where the stable outcome is not unique, information is
complete, and the number of players is small. Why might
individuals refrain from strategic manipulation, even when
the complexity cost of manipulation is low? I study a
two-sided, one-to-one matching problem with no side
transfers, where utility is interdependent in the following
intuitive sense: an individual's utility from a match
depends not only on her preference ranking of her assigned
partner, but also on that partner's ranking of her. I show
that, in a world of complete information and linear
interdependence, a unique stable matching emerges, and is
attained by a modified Gale-Shapley deferred acceptance
algorithm. As a result, a stable rule supports truth-telling
as an equilibrium strategy. Hence, these results offer a new
intuition for why stable matching mechanisms seem to work
well in practice, despite their theoretic manipulability:
individuals may value being liked.},
Key = {fds320639}
}
@article{fds325960,
Author = {Wang, XY},
Title = {Risk, Incentives, and Contracting Relationships},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds325960}
}
%% Weinberg, Stephen E
@article{fds48482,
Author = {S.E. Weinberg},
Title = {Advertising to Overlapping Generations of Addictive
Consumers in the Cigarette Industry},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~sweinber/WeinbergJobMarketPaper_15Nov2007.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper documents the importance of consumer persistence
in the cigarette industry. I employ a novel nonparametric
technique by McKenzie to show that brand choice behavior in
the cigarette industry reflects strong cohort effects. Using
a conditional logit model with pseudo-panel data, I show
that smokers tend to stick with the brands that were popular
and heavily advertised in their youth. I further show that
advertising and prices have stronger effects on youth brand
choice and smoking participation than on adults. The
combination of responsive youth behavior and lifecycle
persistence creates a dynamic trade-off for firms (and thus
policy makers). Firms must balance the future benefits of
attracting today's young smokers with lower prices and
higher advertising levels against the current profits to be
gained by focusing on the adult segment.},
Key = {fds48482}
}
@article{fds71655,
Author = {S.E. Weinberg and Xavier Gabaix and David Laibson and Guillermo Moloche},
Title = {Costly Information Acquisition: Experimental Analysis of a
Boundedly Rational Model},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {96},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1043-1068},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
Abstract = {The directed cognition model assumes that agents use
partially myopic option-value calculations to select their
next cognitive operation. The current paper tests this model
by studying information acquisition in two experiments. In
the first experiment information acquisition has an explicit
financial cost. In the second experiment, information
acquistion is costly because time is scarce. The directed
cognition model successfully predicts aggregate information
acquisition patterns in these experiments. When the directed
cognition model and the fully rational model make
demonstrably di¤erent predictions, the directed cognition
model better matches the laboratory evidence.},
Key = {fds71655}
}
@article{fds48480,
Author = {S.E. Weinberg and George-Marios Angeletos and David Laibson and Andrea Repetto and Jeremy Tobacman.},
Title = {The Hyperbolic Consumption Model: Calibration, Simulation,
and Empirical Evaluation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {47-68},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds48480}
}
%% Weinke, Lutz
@article{fds70960,
Author = {L. Weinke and Tommy Sveen},
Title = {Firm-Specific Capital, Nominal Rigidities, and the Taylor
Principle},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {136},
Pages = {729-737},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70960}
}
@article{fds70961,
Author = {L. Weinke and Tommy Sveen},
Title = {Lumpy Investment, Sticky Prices and the Monetary
Transmission Mechanism},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {54S},
Pages = {23-36},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70961}
}
@article{fds70962,
Author = {L. Weinke and Tommy Sveen},
Title = {Inflation and Labor Market Dynamics Revisited},
Journal = {Kiel Working Papers},
Volume = {1368},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.ifw-kiel.de/pub/kap/2007/kap1368.pdf},
Key = {fds70962}
}
@article{fds70963,
Author = {L. Weinke and Tommy Sveen},
Title = {Firm-Specific Capital, Nominal Rigidities, and the Taylor
Principle},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2006/06},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2006-06.pdf},
Key = {fds70963}
}
@article{fds47364,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {Welfare and Firm-Specific Capital},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2006/04},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2006-04.pdf},
Key = {fds47364}
}
@article{fds42796,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {New Perspectives on Capital, Sticky Prices, and the Taylor
Principle},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {123},
Pages = {21-39},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds42796}
}
@article{fds42797,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {Is Lumpy Investment really Irrelevant for the Business
Cycle?},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2005/06},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2005-06.pdf},
Key = {fds42797}
}
@article{fds42798,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {Firm-Specific Investment, Sticky Prices, and the Taylor
Principle},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2004/12},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2004-12.pdf},
Key = {fds42798}
}
@article{fds42799,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {New Perspectives on Capital and Sticky Prices},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2004/3},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2004-03.pdf},
Key = {fds42799}
}
@article{fds42800,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {Pitfalls in the Modelling of Forward-Looking Price Setting
and Investment Decisions},
Journal = {Norges Bank Working Paper 2004/01},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.norges-bank.no/upload/import/publikasjoner/arbeidsnotater/pdf/arb-2004-01.pdf},
Key = {fds42800}
}
@article{fds42801,
Author = {Weinke, L. and Sveen, T.},
Title = {Inflation and Output Dynamics with Firm-Owned
Capital},
Journal = {Universitat Pompeu Fabra Working Paper 702},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds42801}
}
%% Weintraub, E. Roy
@article{fds372959,
Author = {Weintraub, R},
Title = {Neither Economist nor Historian},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {2024},
Key = {fds372959}
}
@article{fds368824,
Author = {Giraud, Y},
Title = {JHET INTERVIEWS: E. ROY WEINTRAUB},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {44},
Number = {4},
Pages = {642-665},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2022},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837222000414},
Abstract = {<jats:p>The following is a transcription of a 2019
conversation with Duke historian E. Roy Weintraub about his
intellectual development over the 1980s from mathematician
to economist to historian. The conversation also explored
Weintraub’s early and continuing attempts to forge new
ways to study the history of contemporary economics, and the
role of science studies in providing a natural language for
such explorations. A French translation has already been
published in the journal <jats:italic>Zilsel: Science,
technique, société.</jats:italic></jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/s1053837222000414},
Key = {fds368824}
}
@article{fds360066,
Author = {Giraud, Y and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {"J'ai toujours agi de l'extérieur": Entretien avec E. Roy
Weintraub},
Journal = {Zilsel},
Number = {No9, October 2021},
Pages = {297-336},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds360066}
}
@article{fds350288,
Author = {Roy Weintraub and E},
Title = {Robert W. Dimand and Harald Hagemann, eds., The Elgar
Companion to John Maynard Keynes (Cheltenham, UK, and
Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2019), pp. xxi + 648, $350
(hardcover). ISBN: 9781847200082.},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {293-295},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2020},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837219000439},
Doi = {10.1017/s1053837219000439},
Key = {fds350288}
}
@article{fds350289,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Science Studies and Economics: An Informal
History},
Journal = {Center for the History of Political Economy Working Paper
Series},
Number = {2020},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds350289}
}
@misc{fds328395,
Author = {Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER and Hoover, KD and Caldwell,
B},
Title = {John maynard keynes of bloomsbury: Four short
talks},
Number = {23},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds328395}
}
@article{fds342583,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Keynes as policy adviser},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-81},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7289264},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7289264},
Key = {fds342583}
}
@article{fds342582,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Craufurd goodwin and duke university, 1955-1970},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-135},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7289336},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7289336},
Key = {fds342582}
}
@misc{fds342584,
Author = {Düppe, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Contemporary historiography of economics: Editors’
introduction},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {551-553},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7023470},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7023470},
Key = {fds342584}
}
@misc{fds368505,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Autobiographical memory and the historiography of
economics},
Pages = {9-21},
Booktitle = {A Contemporary Historiography of Economics},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781315169194},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315169194-2},
Abstract = {This essay recommends that historians of economics be
cautious when using autobiographical materials, especially
when those materials can be construed as projecting an
individual’s history onto a larger historical narrative.
It is not simply a matter that the materials may be
unreliable in accidental or systematic ways. It is that the
structure and nature of autobiographical memoirs are not
unproblematic. They are written to some purpose we often do
not understand, for an audience of non-historians. And they
reflect a number of different issues from both the personal
and cultural life scripts which they illuminate and which in
turn shape and reflectively are shaped by exactly these
kinds of accounts. As a consequence, we historians of
economics understand too little of the autobiographical
impulse and have too impoverished a vocabulary to provide
interesting, let alone compelling, appraisals of its
products. Scholars in history, psychology, sociology,
literature, and medicine have begun to address these issues.
We historians of economics should do likewise.},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315169194-2},
Key = {fds368505}
}
@book{fds332327,
Author = {Düppe, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Contemporary Historiography of Economics},
Pages = {248 pages},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER and Duppe, T},
Year = {2018},
ISBN = {1138049956},
Abstract = {This book brings together leading contributors to provide,
for the first time, a methodological overview of the
historiography of economics.},
Key = {fds332327}
}
@article{fds328401,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {MCCARTHYISM AND THE MATHEMATIZATION OF ECONOMICS},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {39},
Number = {4},
Pages = {571-597},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837217000475},
Abstract = {<jats:p>Historians of the social sciences and historians of
economics have come to agree that, in the United States, the
1940s transformation of economics from political economy to
economic science was associated with economists’
engagements with other disciplines—e.g., mathematics,
statistics, operations research, physics, engineering,
cybernetics—during and immediately after World War II.
More controversially, some historians have also argued that
the transformation was accelerated by economists’ desires
to be safe, to seek the protective coloration of mathematics
and statistics, during the McCarthy period. This paper
argues that that particular claim 1) is generally accepted,
but 2) is unsupported by good evidence, and 3) what evidence
there is suggests that the claim is false.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1017/s1053837217000475},
Key = {fds328401}
}
@article{fds328771,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Roger E. Backhouse and Philippe Fontaine, eds., A
Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences (New York:
Cambridge University Press, 2014), pp. 248, $98. ISBN:
978-1-10703-772-4.},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {39},
Number = {3},
Pages = {401-405},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837217000207},
Doi = {10.1017/s1053837217000207},
Key = {fds328771}
}
@article{fds365456,
Author = {Weintraub, R},
Title = {Game Theory and Cold War Rationality: A Review
Essay},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {148-161},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161341},
Doi = {10.1257/jel.20161341},
Key = {fds365456}
}
@article{fds320640,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Paul Samuelson's Historiography: More Wag Than
Whig},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {349-363},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3494168},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3494168},
Key = {fds320640}
}
@article{fds320643,
Author = {Duppe, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Losing Equilibrium: On the Existence of Abraham Wald's
Fixed-Point Proof of 1935},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {48},
Number = {191},
Pages = {635-655},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2015},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-3687283},
Abstract = {In fall 1935, Abraham Wald presented an existence proof for
a general equilibrium of exchange model to Karl Menger’s
Mathematical Colloquium in Vienna. Due to limited space, the
paper could not be printed in the eighth proceedings of the
Colloquium (the Ergebnisse) published in spring 1937 but was
scheduled for the ninth issue of the series. After the
annexation of Austria to Nazi Germany in March 1938 however,
Menger’s Colloquium ended and the proof never appeared in
print. Nor did Wald, after he fled to the U.S. and launched
a career in statistics, pursue the diffusion of his proof.
Since the proof never appeared, there has been continued
speculation about whether Wald’s missing proof employed a
fixed-point theorem. To date this question has remained
unanswered. After his sudden death in 1950, only Wald’s
preliminary proof of 1934 was translated into English for
Econometrica. When thus Arrow, Debreu, and McKenzie in 1954
referred in their own fixed-point proofs only to Wald’s
preliminary published version, his 1935 proof was forgotten.
This did not change when economists and historians of
economics, the authors included, reconstructed Wald’s
contribution. The authors’ new evidence, however,
establishes that the missing proof employed a fixed-point
theorem. This article tells the story of Wald’s lost
equilibrium proof.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-3687283},
Key = {fds320643}
}
@book{fds293016,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {MIT and the Transformation of American Economics},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds293016}
}
@article{fds292960,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Fortune Tellers: The Story of America's First Economic
Forecasters},
Journal = {Journal of American History},
Volume = {101},
Number = {3},
Pages = {969-970},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0021-8723},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau682},
Doi = {10.1093/jahist/jau682},
Key = {fds292960}
}
@article{fds293007,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Sidney Weintraub and american post keynesianism:
1938–1970},
Journal = {Journal of Post Keynesian Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-42},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0160-3477},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/PKE0160-3477370104},
Doi = {10.2753/PKE0160-3477370104},
Key = {fds293007}
}
@book{fds293019,
Author = {Düppe, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Finding equilibrium: Arrow, Debreu, McKenzie and the problem
of scientific credit},
Pages = {1-276},
Publisher = {Princeton University Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {9781400850129},
Abstract = {© 2014 by Princeton University Press. All rights reserved.
Finding Equilibrium explores the post-World War II
transformation of economics by constructing a history of the
proof of its central dogma-that a competitive market economy
may possess a set of equilibrium prices. The model economy
for which the theorem could be proved was mapped out in 1954
by Kenneth Arrow and Gerard Debreu collaboratively, and by
Lionel McKenzie separately, and would become widely known as
the "Arrow-Debreu Model." While Arrow and Debreu would later
go on to win separate Nobel prizes in economics, McKenzie
would never receive it. Till Düppe and E. Roy Weintraub
explore the lives and work of these economists and the
issues of scientific credit against the extraordinary
backdrop of overlapping research communities and an
economics discipline that was shifting dramatically to
mathematical modes of expression. Based on recently opened
archives, Finding Equilibrium shows the complex interplay
between each man's personal life and work, and examines
compelling ideas about scientific credit, publication,
regard for different research institutions, and the awarding
of Nobel prizes. Instead of asking whether recognition was
rightly or wrongly given, and who were the heroes or
villains, the book considers attitudes toward intellectual
credit and strategies to gain it vis-à-vis the communities
that grant it. Telling the story behind the proof of the
central theorem in economics, Finding Equilibrium sheds
light on the changing nature of the scientific community and
the critical connections between the personal and public
rewards of scientific work.},
Key = {fds293019}
}
@article{fds293021,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Microfoundations Delusion: Metaphor and Dogma in the
History of Macroeconomics},
Journal = {HISTORY OF POLITICAL ECONOMY},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {352-356},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000336346400016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293021}
}
@article{fds293022,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Microfoundations Reconsidered: The Relationship of Micro and
Macroeconomics in Historical Perspective},
Journal = {HISTORY OF POLITICAL ECONOMY},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {352-356},
Publisher = {DUKE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000336346400015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293022}
}
@article{fds293020,
Author = {Düppe, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Siting the new economic science: The Cowles Commission's
activity analysis conference of june 1949},
Journal = {Science in Context},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {453-483},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0269-8897},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0269889714000143},
Abstract = {Argument In the decades following World War II, the Cowles
Commission for Research in Economics came to represent new
technical standards that informed most advances in economic
theory. The public emergence of this community was manifest
at a conference held in June 1949 titled Activity Analysis
of Production and Allocation. New ideas in optimization
theory, linked to linear programming, developed from the
conference's papers. The authors' history of this event
situates the Cowles Commission among the institutions of
postwar science in-between National Laboratories and the
supreme discipline of Cold War academia, mathematics.
Although the conference created the conditions under which
economics, as a discipline, would transform itself, the
participants themselves had little concern for the
intellectual battles that had defined prewar university
economics departments. The authors argue that the conference
signaled the birth of a new intellectual culture in economic
science based on shared scientific norms and techniques
un-interrogated by conflicting notions of the meaning of
either science or economics. © 2014 Cambridge University
Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0269889714000143},
Key = {fds293020}
}
@article{fds292974,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Duarte and Lima's "Microfoundations Reconsidered"
and King's "The Microfoundations Delusion"},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {352-356},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1527-1919},
Key = {fds292974}
}
@misc{fds292998,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {MIT's Openness to Jewish Economists},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {45-59},
Booktitle = {MIT and the Transformation of American Economics},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Address = {Durham, NC},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2716109},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2716109},
Key = {fds292998}
}
@misc{fds292999,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Introduction: Telling the Story of MIT Economics in the
Postwar Period},
Volume = {46},
Pages = {1-14},
Booktitle = {MIT and the Transformation of American Economics},
Publisher = {Duke Univesity Press},
Address = {Durham, NC},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2716091},
Abstract = {Over the past twenty-five years the Duke history of
economics faculty, together with the collection development
librarians in the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and
Manuscript Library, have been gathering the papers of
notable (mostly) twentieth-century economists in what is now
called the Economists’ Papers Project (EPP). Over time
that archive has grown and become central to historical
research on economics in the postwar period. The papers of
Edwin Burmeister, Evsey Domar, Franklin Fisher, Duncan
Foley, Lawrence Klein, Franco Modigliani, and Robert Solow,
all MIT faculty or students, have attracted scholars from
around the world. After Paul Samuelson’s death in December
2009, his papers were deposited in the EPP and quickly
became a magnet for historians of economics. In response, I
invited a select group of scholars to consider a variety of
projects exploring MIT’s role in the transformation of
American economics in the postwar period. A conference was
held April 26-28, 2013, at Duke University, sponsored by
Duke University Press and with generous financial support
from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. In the end the
conferees learned that telling the story of MIT’s role in
the postwar period required attending to both the particular
circumstances that shaped MIT and the various ways in which
economics itself was changing.},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2716091},
Key = {fds292999}
}
@article{fds292972,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Dissemination of Economic Ideas},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {45},
Number = {3},
Pages = {563-565},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1527-1919},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2334848},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2334848},
Key = {fds292972}
}
@article{fds292973,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Tieben's "The Concept of Equilibrium in Different
Economic Traditions"},
Journal = {EH.Net},
Year = {2013},
url = {http://eh.net/book_reviews/concept-equilibrium-different-economic-traditions-historical-investigation},
Key = {fds292973}
}
@article{fds292971,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Roads to Wisdom: Conversations with Ten Nobel Laureates in
Economics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {383-384},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1527-1919},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-1571800},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1571800},
Key = {fds292971}
}
@article{fds293074,
Author = {Roy Weintraub and E},
Title = {Keynesian historiography and the anti-semitism
question},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {44},
Number = {1},
Pages = {41-67},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000300385700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1504050},
Key = {fds293074}
}
@misc{fds292997,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Interview with E. Roy Weintraub},
Booktitle = {The Art and Practice of Economics Research: Lessons from
Leading Minds},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar},
Address = {Northampton MA},
Editor = {Bowmaker, S},
Year = {2012},
Key = {fds292997}
}
@article{fds293061,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Retrospectives: Lionel W. McKenzie and the proof of the
existence of a competitive equilibrium},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {199-215},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0895-3309},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.2.199},
Doi = {10.1257/jep.25.2.199},
Key = {fds293061}
}
@misc{fds293004,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {This Little Piggy Went to Paris},
Journal = {Pig Tales: the monthly publication of the North Carolina
Barbeque Society},
Pages = {2-3},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds293004}
}
@article{fds292969,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Discovery -- A Memoir, by Vernon L.
Smith},
Journal = {Constitutional Political Economy},
Volume = {21},
Pages = {97-99},
Publisher = {Springer Verlag},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1572-9966},
Key = {fds292969}
}
@article{fds292970,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Lives of the Laureates: Twenty-three Nobel
Economists (Fifth Edition) by Bright and Hirsch,
(eds)},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {42},
Number = {4},
Pages = {779-782},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1527-1919},
url = {http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/4412},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2010-040},
Key = {fds292970}
}
@article{fds293035,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of “Economists and Societies: Discipline and
Profession in the United States, Britain, & France, 1890s to
1990s” by Marion Fourcade},
Journal = {Business History Review},
Volume = {84},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-137},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0007-6805},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000277329700008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293035}
}
@article{fds324349,
Author = {Giraud, Y and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Tilting at imaginary windmills: A comment on
Tyfield},
Journal = {Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-59},
Publisher = {Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v2i1.23},
Abstract = {In the inaugural issue of this journal, David Tyfield (2008)
used some recent discussions about "meaning finitism" to
conclude that the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) is
an intellectually hopeless basis on which to erect an
intelligible study of science. In contrast, the authors show
that Tyfield's argument rests on some profound
misunderstandings of the SSK. They show that his
mischaracterization of SSK is in fact systematic and is
based on lines of argument that are at best
incoherent.},
Doi = {10.23941/ejpe.v2i1.23},
Key = {fds324349}
}
@article{fds328407,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {By Force of Thought: Irregular Memoirs of an Intellectual
Journey},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {40},
Number = {4},
Pages = {718-719},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2008-034},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2008-034},
Key = {fds328407}
}
@article{fds292968,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {First, Kill the Economists},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {320},
Pages = {318-319},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds292968}
}
@article{fds328408,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Making Chicago Price Theory: Friedman-Stigler
Correspondence, 1945–1957},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {208-209},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2007-055},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-2007-055},
Key = {fds328408}
}
@misc{fds292992,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Microfoundations},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Macmillian Reference USA},
Editor = {Darity, WA},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds292992}
}
@misc{fds292996,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Mathematics and Economics},
Series = {2nd Edition},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {Macmillian},
Editor = {Durlauf, S and Blume, L},
Year = {2008},
Abstract = {The interconnection of mathematics and economics reflects
changes in both the mathematics and economics communities
over time. The respective histories of these disciplines are
intertwined, so that both changes in mathematical knowledge
and changing ideas about the nature of mathematical
knowledge have effected changes in the methods and concerns
of economists.},
Key = {fds292996}
}
@article{fds293076,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Economic science wars},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {267-282},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710701514679},
Doi = {10.1080/10427710701514679},
Key = {fds293076}
}
@book{fds293018,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Forget, EL},
Title = {Economists' Lives: Biography and Autobiography in the
History of Economics},
Pages = {402 pages},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER and Forget, E},
Year = {2007},
Abstract = {This collection of essays, a supplement to History of
Political Economy, brings together prominent scholars from
economics, sociology, literature, and history to examine the
role of biography and autobiography in the history of
economics.},
Key = {fds293018}
}
@article{fds292966,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Donald MacKenzie's An Engine , Not a Camera: How
Financial Models Shape Markets},
Journal = {Isis},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1545-6994},
Key = {fds292966}
}
@article{fds292967,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Epistolary Cambridge Economists: A Review of Maria Cristina
Marcuzzo and Annalisa Rosselli, Editors, Economists in
Cambridge: A Study Through Their Correspondence,
1907-1946},
Journal = {Journal of Historic Economic Thought},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {251-253},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds292967}
}
@misc{fds292993,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Personal Afterword},
Pages = {367-370},
Booktitle = {Economists' Lives: Biography and Autobiography in the
History of Economics},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER and Forget, EL},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds292993}
}
@misc{fds292995,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Economists Talking with Economists: An Historian's
Perspective},
Booktitle = {Inside the Economist's Mind: The History of Modern Economic
Thought as Explained by Those Who Produced
It},
Publisher = {Blackwell},
Editor = {Barnett, W and Samuelson, P},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds292995}
}
@article{fds328409,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Getting Hilbert right. A review essay on Leo Corry's David
Hilbert and the Axiomatization of Physics (1898 - 1918):
From Grundlagen der Geometrie to Grundlagen der Physik.
Archimedes: New Studies in the History and Philosophy of
Science and Technology, edited by Jed Z. Buchwald. Kluwer:
Dordrecht and Boston, 2004. xvii+513 p. ISBN
1-4020-2777-X.},
Journal = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Volume = {24 A},
Pages = {181-185},
Publisher = {Emerald (MCB UP )},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-4154(06)24011-2},
Doi = {10.1016/S0743-4154(06)24011-2},
Key = {fds328409}
}
@article{fds292965,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "History, Historians, and Autobiography" by Jeremy
Popkin},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {778-780},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1527-1919},
Key = {fds292965}
}
@misc{fds292991,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {"Axiomatization, "Formalism" and "General
Equilibrium"},
Series = {Fondazione centro studi filosofici di gallarate: Padova,
Italy},
Booktitle = {Enciclopedia Filosofica, Fondazione centro studi filosofici
di gallarate: Padova, Italy},
Publisher = {Edizioni Bompiani},
Editor = {Cremaschi, S},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds292991}
}
@misc{fds367019,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Corry's DAVID HILBERT AND THE AXIOMATIZATION OF
PHYSICS GETTING HILBERT RIGHT},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {181-185},
Booktitle = {RESEARCH IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND METHODOLOGY,
VOL 24, PT 1},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-4154(06)24011-2},
Doi = {10.1016/S0743-4154(06)24011-2},
Key = {fds367019}
}
@misc{fds293064,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Misusing history: A minisymposium},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {177-178},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2560 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-2-177},
Key = {fds293064}
}
@misc{fds328396,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Filing Formal Objections: A Polemic},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds328396}
}
@article{fds293059,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {2004 Hes presidential address: Autobiographical memory and
the historiography of economics},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-11},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1053-8372},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09557570500031497},
Doi = {10.1080/09557570500031497},
Key = {fds293059}
}
@article{fds293065,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Roy F. Harrod and the interwar years},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-155},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2574 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-37-1-133},
Key = {fds293065}
}
@misc{fds42970,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Economic Science Wars},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds42970}
}
@misc{fds141839,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Microfoundations},
Series = {2nd Edition},
Booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social
Sciences},
Publisher = {Macmillan Reference USA},
Address = {Detroit},
Editor = {William A. Darity},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds141839}
}
@article{fds177458,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Getting Hilbert Right: A Review of Leo Corry's David Hilbert
and the Axiomatization of Physics (1898-1918): From
Grundlagen der Geometrie to Grundlagen der
Physik.},
Volume = {24-A},
Pages = {181-185},
Booktitle = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Editor = {Warren Samuels and Jeff Biddle and Ross Emmett},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds177458}
}
@article{fds293077,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Citation Studies and the History of Economics},
Journal = {EconJournalWatch},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds293077}
}
@article{fds293078,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {On Lawson on Equilibrium},
Journal = {Journal of Post Keynesian Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {443-452},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds293078}
}
@article{fds293072,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Making up history: A comment on Pratten},
Journal = {Economic Affairs},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {46-49},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2053 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {Stephen Pratten's critique of mathematical formalism in the
discipline of economics does not provide an adequate
definition of formalism and his use of the term bears little
resemblance to common mathematical usage. Furthermore,
Pratten abuses the history of economics by inventing an
imaginary tradition of opposition to formalism among
Cambridge economists. © Institute of Economic Affairs
2004.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0270.2004.t01-1-00490.x},
Key = {fds293072}
}
@article{fds293114,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Mirowski’s Machine Dreams: An Appreciation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {419-423},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-2681},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000189210700007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-2681(03)00127-6},
Key = {fds293114}
}
@article{fds293062,
Author = {de Marchi, N and Goodwin, C and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {History of economics for the nonhistorian: A collection of
papers},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {587-588},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-4-587},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-36-4-587},
Key = {fds293062}
}
@misc{fds328397,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editorial:What defines a legitimate contribution to the
subdiscipline `The History of Economic Thought'?},
Journal = {HES-List},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.eh.net/HE/hes_list/list_archive.php},
Key = {fds328397}
}
@article{fds293113,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Alternative Pasts: A Response to Musu and
Donzelli},
Journal = {Rivista di Storia Economica},
Volume = {2004},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-122},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds293113}
}
@article{fds293058,
Author = {De Marchi and N and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Visualizing the gains from trade, mid-1870s to
1962},
Journal = {European Journal of the History of Economic
Thought},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {551-572},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0967256032000137711},
Abstract = {Visualization in economics was common, and in trade theory
almost a primary mode of analysis and demonstration from the
late 19th century until the 1960s. Why? This paper presents
two versions of the gains from trade notion that have come
to us in visual form, one due to Marshall, the other to
Viner and Samuelson. The two are very different, a fact
better understood against a backdrop of recent neurological
research on visualization. A key finding of that work is
that our ability to conceive and recognize forms depends on
forms previously seen and stored in the brain. Early
exposure and nurturing matter greatly. The research also
stresses that there is no basis for distinguishing between
seeing and understanding. A satisfactory answer to the
'Why?' question thus requires that we attend to audiences
and their capabilities, some hints concerning which are
offered here.},
Doi = {10.1080/0967256032000137711},
Key = {fds293058}
}
@article{fds293115,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Introduction to Prejudice and the History of Economics: A
Minisymposium},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {707-708},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds293115}
}
@article{fds15775,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Stephen Stigler's "Statistics on the
Table"},
Journal = {Journal of Economic History},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {616-617},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds15775}
}
@article{fds328410,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Statistics on the table: The history of statistical concepts
and methods.},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC HISTORY},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {616-617},
Publisher = {CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds328410}
}
@article{fds293056,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Reconstructing the past: A response to four
readers},
Journal = {Journal of Post Keynesian Economics},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {591-598},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Winter},
Abstract = {In this paper, the author of How Economics Became a
Mathematical Science (Duke University Press, 2002) responds
to four papers (from Paul Davidson, Sheila Dow, Donald
Katzner, and J. Barkley Rosser Jr.) written for a symposium
on his book. In addition to specific responses to points
raised by the readers, the author argues, for economists,
the historical commonplace that there can be no privileged
perspective from which to view the past; there is no right
way to write history, only more or less interesting
ways.},
Key = {fds293056}
}
@article{fds292964,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "A Brief History of Economic Genius" by Paul
Strathern},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {210-211},
Year = {2003},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds292964}
}
@article{fds293119,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Jack Blackburn: A Reminiscence},
Journal = {Duke Economics Journal},
Year = {2003},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds293119}
}
@book{fds293017,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {How Economics Became a Mathematical Science},
Series = {Science and Cultural Theory},
Pages = {313 pages},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780822328711},
Abstract = {DIVDiscusses the history of 20th century economics, and how
it has become dominated by mathematical approaches./div
"Roy Weintraub retells the history of twentieth-century
economics through a series of engagements--duels of
intellect and ...},
Key = {fds293017}
}
@article{fds293039,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Dilemmas in Economic Theory: Persisting Foundational
Problems of Microeconomics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {289-290},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000181617600019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-34-1-289},
Key = {fds293039}
}
@misc{fds10778,
Author = {R. Weintraub},
Title = {"Review of Dilemmas in Economic Theory by Michael
Mandler"},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {289-290},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds10778}
}
@misc{fds10780,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Translation of Chapter 6 of Stabilizing Dynamics (1991) into
Hungarian, Madarasz Aladar (trans)},
Booktitle = {Kozgazasagtani Eszmetotrenet},
Publisher = {Budapest: Osiris Kiado},
Editor = {Madarasz Aladar},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds10780}
}
@book{fds293015,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Future of the History of Economics},
Pages = {422 pages},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {2002},
Abstract = {In The Future of the History of Economics, internationally
known scholars from ten countries provide a comparative
assessment of the subdiscipline.},
Key = {fds293015}
}
@article{fds292963,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "Reflection Without Rules" by D. Wade
Hands},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {510-513},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {1042-7716},
Key = {fds292963}
}
@misc{fds293003,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Translation of Chapter 6 of Stabilizing Dynamics
(1991)},
Journal = {Kozgazasagtani Eszmetotrenet},
Publisher = {Osiria Kiado},
Editor = {Aladar, M},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds293003}
}
@misc{fds292990,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Will Economics Ever have a Past Again?},
Series = {HOPE Annual Supplement},
Pages = {1-14},
Booktitle = {The Future of the History of Economics},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds292990}
}
@article{fds293118,
Author = {Gayer, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {"Equilibrium Proofmaking"},
Journal = {Journal of History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {421-442},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds293118}
}
@article{fds293117,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {"Making Economic Knowledge: Reflections on Golinski's
Constructivist History of Science"},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {277-283},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds293117}
}
@misc{fds293002,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {EconSoc Editorial: "We Need a Sociology of Mathematical
Economics},
Journal = {Economics and Sociology Mail-List},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~erw/Preprints/EconSocEditorial.html},
Key = {fds293002}
}
@article{fds292962,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "On the Methodology of Economics and the Formalist
Revolution" by Terence Hutchison},
Journal = {History of Economics Review},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {128-139},
Year = {2001},
Month = {Winter},
ISSN = {1037-0196},
Key = {fds292962}
}
@misc{fds292989,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Measurement, and Changing Images of Mathematical
Knowledge},
Series = {HOPE Annual Supplement},
Pages = {303-312},
Booktitle = {The Age of Economic Measurement},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Klein, JL and Morgan, MS},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds292989}
}
@article{fds293038,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Evolving Rationality of Rational Expectations: An
Assessment of Thomas Sargent's Achievements},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {178-180},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2000},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000087881200025&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-32-1-178},
Key = {fds293038}
}
@article{fds293073,
Author = {Gayer, T and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Negotiating at the boundary: Patinkin vs.
Phipps},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {3},
Pages = {440-471},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000090089600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-32-3-441},
Key = {fds293073}
}
@misc{fds10792,
Author = {E. Weintraub},
Title = {"Review of the Evolving Rationality of Rational Expectations
by Esther-Mirjam Sent"},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {178-180},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds10792}
}
@article{fds328411,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Martin Bronfenbrenner as a Departmental Colleague},
Journal = {The American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Pages = {511-512},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds328411}
}
@article{fds11980,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Martin Bronfenbrenner as a Departmental Colleague" in
"Martin Bronfenbrenner: Remembrance and Appreciation},
Journal = {The American Journal of Economics and Sociology},
Pages = {511-512},
Editor = {Lawrence S. Moss},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds11980}
}
@article{fds292961,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "A Beautiful Mind" by Sylvia Nasar},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {209-212},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1042-7716},
Key = {fds292961}
}
@article{fds293116,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {How should we write the history of twentieth-century
economics?},
Journal = {Oxford Review of Economic Policy},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {139-152},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/15.4.139},
Abstract = {The modern economist looks at a textbook history of
nineteeth-century economics and wonders what, for the
twentieth century, will correspond to the chapter titles of
'Malthus', 'Ricardo', 'The Mills', 'Marx', and 'The Rise of
Marginalism'. Will monetarism survive editing? Will game
theory rate its own section? Will Keynes be a hero or a
goat? Economists look to the historian and wonders how the
historian decides what is important, and how we go about
deciding what will go into a future history book. Eschewing
narratives of progress, this paper surveys alternative
historiographies for constructing a history of
twentieth-century economics, and suggests that the new
discipline of science and technology studies provides a
number of useful frameworks for telling the
story.},
Doi = {10.1093/oxrep/15.4.139},
Key = {fds293116}
}
@misc{fds293001,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {After Dinner Remarks Addressed to the History of Economic
Thought Society of Australia},
Journal = {History of Economics Review},
Volume = {30},
Number = {30},
Pages = {181-183},
Year = {1999},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {1037-0196},
Key = {fds293001}
}
@article{fds293066,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Meardon, SJ and Gayer, T and Banzhaf,
HS},
Title = {Archiving the History of Economics},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1496-1501},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1927 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds293066}
}
@article{fds293032,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Axiomatisches Mißverständnis},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {108},
Number = {451},
Pages = {1837-1847},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000077235700014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/1468-0297.00379},
Key = {fds293032}
}
@article{fds293025,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The general theory, a 'second edition'},
Journal = {ECONOMIC RECORD},
Volume = {74},
Number = {226},
Pages = {322-324},
Publisher = {ECONOMIC SOC OF AUSTRALIA BROWN PRIOR ANDERSON PTY
LTD},
Year = {1998},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0013-0249},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000078321200015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293025}
}
@article{fds293080,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Backhouse Shadowboxes, Loses on TKO},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Methodology},
Pages = {333-338},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds293080}
}
@misc{fds292988,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {From Rigor to Axiomatics: The Marginalization of Griffith C.
Evans},
Series = {HOPE Annual Supplement},
Pages = {227-259},
Booktitle = {On The Transformation of American Economics, From Interwar
Pluralism to Postwar Neoclassicism},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Morgan, MS and Rutherfod, M},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds292988}
}
@article{fds293047,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The correspondence of Alfred Marshall, economist -
Whitaker,JK},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2042-2045},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1997},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1997YH37300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293047}
}
@article{fds293081,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editor's Introduction: SSK and the History of
Economics},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {29},
Number = {4},
Year = {1997},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds293081}
}
@article{fds27667,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Why So Many Italian Economists?},
Journal = {Rivista di Storia Economica},
Series = {anno XIII (Nuovo serie)},
Pages = {253-259},
Year = {1997},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds27667}
}
@article{fds293082,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Can neoclassical economics be social economics? A
comment},
Journal = {Forum for Social Economics},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {39-40},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Fall},
ISSN = {0736-0932},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02778863},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02778863},
Key = {fds293082}
}
@article{fds27707,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of The Role of Economic Theory by Philip A. Klein
(ed.)},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literatur},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {756-757},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds27707}
}
@article{fds293036,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The role of economic theory - Klein,PA},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {756-757},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1996UW91900007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293036}
}
@article{fds27708,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Trust in Numbers by Theodore Porter},
Journal = {The American Scientist},
Volume = {84},
Pages = {391-393},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds27708}
}
@article{fds328412,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Trust in Numbers by Theodore Porter, The American
Scientist},
Journal = {The American Scientist},
Pages = {391-393},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds328412}
}
@misc{fds293000,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {What Defines a Legitimate Contribution to the Subdiscipline
"History of Economics"?},
Journal = {History of Economics Society Mail List},
Year = {1996},
url = {http://www.eh.net/HE/hes_list/Editorials/weintraub.php},
Key = {fds293000}
}
@article{fds293050,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editor's Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-110},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1995},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995QL22800005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-27-1-109},
Key = {fds293050}
}
@misc{fds27687,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Report of the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and
Sciences:Undergraduate Education and the Duke University
Faculty},
Journal = {Speech to Arts and Sciences Council},
Year = {1995},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~erw/Preprints/erwSpeech.A&SCouncil.jan1995.html},
Key = {fds27687}
}
@article{fds292958,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of Knowledge and Persuasion in Economics by Donald N.
McCloskey},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP): HSS Journals},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {1474-0028},
Key = {fds292958}
}
@article{fds293083,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {IS IS-A-PRECURSOR-OF A TRANSITIVE RELATION},
Journal = {SOUTH ATLANTIC QUARTERLY},
Volume = {94},
Number = {2},
Pages = {571-589},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0038-2876},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RA35200009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293083}
}
@misc{fds27682,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Preface},
Booktitle = {The Japanese edition of Stabilizing Dynamics: Constructing
Economic Knowledge. (Translated by Teruo
Kojima)},
Publisher = {Bunka-Shobo Hakubun-sha Publishing, Ltd,
Tokyo},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds27682}
}
@article{fds353915,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Contextualizing Equilibrium Theory, A Review Essay: Ingrao
and Israel's The Invisible Hand},
Journal = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {124-129},
Publisher = {Emerald},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds353915}
}
@article{fds293075,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Mirowski, P},
Title = {The Pure and the Applied: Bourbakism Comes to Mathematical
Economics},
Journal = {Science in Context.},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {245-272},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds293075}
}
@article{fds293084,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editor's Introduction: Keynes as the Property of Scholars in
Several Different Communities},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds293084}
}
@misc{fds292985,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {After Mirowski, What?},
Volume = {25},
Number = {suppl_1},
Pages = {300-302},
Booktitle = {Rethinking the History of Economic Thought},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {DeMarchi, N},
Year = {1994},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-1993-suppl_1009},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1993-suppl_1009},
Key = {fds292985}
}
@misc{fds292987,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Contextualizing Equilibrium Theory},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {124-129},
Booktitle = {Research in the History of Economic Thought and
Methodology},
Publisher = {JAI Press},
Editor = {Samuels, WJ and Biddle, J},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds292987}
}
@misc{fds305980,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Preface to the Japanese Edition},
Series = {Japanese translation},
Booktitle = {Stabilizing Dynamics},
Editor = {E. Roy Weintraub},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds305980}
}
@article{fds328413,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editor's Introduction: Feminist Theory and the History of
Economic Thought},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds328413}
}
@article{fds293086,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {But doctor salanti, bumblebees really do
fly},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {135-138},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1993},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0266-2671},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993KY30300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100005149},
Key = {fds293086}
}
@article{fds303252,
Author = {Roy Weintraub and E},
Title = {After Mirowski, What?},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {25},
Number = {suppl_1},
Pages = {300-302},
Booktitle = {Rethinking the History of Economic Thought},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {DeMarchi, N},
Year = {1993},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-1993-suppl_1009},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-1993-suppl_1009},
Key = {fds303252}
}
@misc{fds27713,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Preface to the paperback edition},
Booktitle = {General Equilibrium Analysis: Studies in
Appraisal},
Publisher = {Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds27713}
}
@misc{fds292984,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Preface (paperback edition)},
Booktitle = {General Equilibrium Analysis: Studies in
Appraisal},
Publisher = {Univesity of Michigan Press},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds292984}
}
@article{fds293112,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Roger Backhouse's Straw Herring},
Journal = {Methodus},
Volume = {4},
Number = {2},
Pages = {53-57},
Year = {1992},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds293112}
}
@article{fds293087,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Comment: Thicker Is Better},
Journal = {Journal of the History of Economic Thought},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {271-276},
Year = {1992},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds293087}
}
@article{fds328414,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {ECONOMICS AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE -
REDMAN,DA},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {183-184},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1992},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds328414}
}
@article{fds293052,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Editor's Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {185-186},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1992},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1992HH08300008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-24-1-185},
Key = {fds293052}
}
@book{fds293014,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Toward a History of Game Theory},
Pages = {306 pages},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, ER},
Year = {1992},
ISBN = {9780822312536},
Abstract = {Drawing on interviews with original members of the game
theory community and on the Morgenstern diaries, the first
section of the book examines early work in game
theory.},
Key = {fds293014}
}
@misc{fds292981,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Neoclassical},
Booktitle = {The Fortune Encyclopedia of Economics},
Publisher = {Warner Books},
Editor = {Henderson, DR},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds292981}
}
@article{fds293067,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Allais, Stability, and Liapunov Theory},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {383-396},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1991},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991GQ19700002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-23-3-383},
Key = {fds293067}
}
@article{fds293089,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Surveying Dynamics},
Journal = {Journal of Post Keynesian Economics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {525-543},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Summer},
ISSN = {0160-3477},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FZ54700004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/01603477.1991.11489866},
Key = {fds293089}
}
@article{fds293088,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Restructuring Economic Knowledge: Editor's
Introduction},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-53},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds293088}
}
@book{fds293013,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Stabilizing Dynamics: Constructing Economic
Knowledge},
Series = {Historical Perspectives on Modern Economics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds293013}
}
@article{fds292956,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of "Toward a Formal Science of Economics" by Bernt
Stigum},
Journal = {Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {180-181},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds292956}
}
@article{fds292957,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of `Chaos in the Classroom},
Journal = {Social Science Computer Review},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {170-171},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications (UK and US)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {1552-8286},
Key = {fds292957}
}
@article{fds293005,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Why So Many Italian Economists?},
Journal = {Rivista di Storia Economica},
Volume = {23},
Number = {3},
Pages = {52-53},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds293005}
}
@misc{fds292980,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {From Dynamics to Stability},
Pages = {273-291},
Booktitle = {Appraising Economic Theories: Studies in the Methodology of
Scientific Research Programmes},
Publisher = {Edward Elgar Co.},
Editor = {Blaug, M and DeMarchi, N},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds292980}
}
@article{fds293048,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {VONNEUMANN,JOHN AND MODERN ECONOMICS - DORE,M,
CHAKRAVARTY,S, GOODWIN,R},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1192-1194},
Publisher = {AMER ECON ASSN},
Year = {1990},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990EF90600009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293048}
}
@article{fds292955,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of John von Neumann and Modern Economics by M. Dore
et al. (eds.)},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1192-1193},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds292955}
}
@misc{fds292979,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Comment on Heilbroner,},
Pages = {117-128},
Booktitle = {Economics As Discourse},
Publisher = {Kluwer},
Editor = {Samuels, W},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds292979}
}
@misc{fds27580,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Abraham Wald},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {849-850},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {London: Macmillan Press, Ltd.},
Editor = {J. Eatwell and P. Newman and M. Milgate},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds27580}
}
@article{fds292954,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of `The Renewable Energy Alternative' by John O.
Blackburn},
Journal = {The Duke Alumni Magazine},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds292954}
}
@article{fds293090,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Methodology Doesn't Matter, But the History of Thought
Might},
Journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Economics},
Volume = {91},
Number = {2},
Pages = {477-493},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds293090}
}
@misc{fds292978,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Martin Bronfenbrenner},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {279},
Booktitle = {The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics},
Publisher = {Macmillian Press, Ltd.},
Editor = {Eatwell, J and Newman, P and Milgate, M},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds292978}
}
@article{fds293031,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Benassy, J-P},
Title = {Macroeconomics: An Introduction to the Non-Walrasian
Approach.},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {98},
Number = {389},
Pages = {192-192},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0013-0133},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1988M538600016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2233525},
Key = {fds293031}
}
@misc{fds348465,
Author = {Weintraub, R},
Title = {The Neo-Walrasian Program Is Empirically
Progressive},
Pages = {213-227},
Booktitle = {The Popperian Legacy in Economics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {de Marchi, N},
Year = {1988},
ISBN = {9 780521 355766},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511895760.011},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511895760.011},
Key = {fds348465}
}
@article{fds293068,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Stability Theory via Liapunov's Method: A Note on the
Contribution of Takuma Yasui},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {615-620},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1987},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987L608900006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-19-4-615},
Key = {fds293068}
}
@article{fds27598,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `Pioneering Economic Theory, 1630-1980' by Hans
Brems},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {95},
Number = {4},
Pages = {882-885},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds27598}
}
@article{fds328415,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Pioneering Economic Theory, 1630-1980: A Mathematical
Restatement. Hans Brems},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {95},
Number = {4},
Pages = {882-884},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/261492},
Doi = {10.1086/261492},
Key = {fds328415}
}
@article{fds293091,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Rosenberg’s “lakatosian consolations for economists”
Comment},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {139-142},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0266-2671},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987H516600009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100002790},
Key = {fds293091}
}
@misc{fds292977,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Brittleness of the Orange Equilibrium},
Pages = {146-162},
Booktitle = {The Consequences of Economic Rhetoric},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Klamer, A and McCloskey, D and Solow, R},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds292977}
}
@article{fds27600,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of `Macroeconomic Thought' by Sheila C.
Dow},
Journal = {Economic Journal},
Year = {1985},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27600}
}
@article{fds328416,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Dow, SC},
Title = {Macroeconomic Thought: A Methodological Approach.},
Journal = {The Economic Journal},
Volume = {95},
Number = {380},
Pages = {1116-1116},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2233282},
Doi = {10.2307/2233282},
Key = {fds328416}
}
@article{fds293069,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Joan Robinson's Critique of Equilibrium: An
Appraisal},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {146-149},
Year = {1985},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/2094},
Key = {fds293069}
}
@book{fds293012,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {General Equilibrium Analysis: Studies in
Appraisal},
Series = {Historical Perspectives on Modern Economics},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds293012}
}
@article{fds292953,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Review of `Optimisation in Economic Analysis' by Gordon
Mills},
Journal = {Wall Street Review of Books},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {101-103},
Year = {1985},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds292953}
}
@article{fds293092,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Appraising General Equilibrium Analysis},
Journal = {Economics and Philosophy},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-37},
Year = {1985},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0266267100001875},
Doi = {10.1017/S0266267100001875},
Key = {fds293092}
}
@article{fds292952,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `Analysis Without Measurement' by Donald W.
Katzner},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1137-1138},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds292952}
}
@article{fds27527,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Existence of a Competitive Equilibrium:
1930-1954},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {1-39},
Year = {1983},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/1923},
Key = {fds27527}
}
@article{fds293093,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Critique and comment. Zeeman's unstable stock
exchange},
Journal = {Behavioral Science},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {79-83},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0005-7940},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QA64700008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {The stock market is a simple market system. Zeeman's dynamic
analysis, using catastrophe theory, of stock prices is shown
to be equivalent to a standard economic model in which price
movements produce deviation—amplifying feedbacks. Zeeman's
catastrophe result in this system is thus based on an
implicit assumption of irrational behavior. Copyright ©
1983 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1002/bs.3830280109},
Key = {fds293093}
}
@article{fds293034,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {ON THE EXISTENCE OF A COMPETITIVE-EQUILIBRIUM -
1930-1954},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {21},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-39},
Year = {1983},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983QJ67400003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293034}
}
@article{fds293042,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Substantive Mountains and Methodological
Molehills},
Journal = {Journal of Post Keynesian Economics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {295-303},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1982},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0160-3477},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1983PY10200013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1080/01603477.1982.11489365},
Key = {fds293042}
}
@article{fds328417,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {THE MATHEMATICAL EXPERIENCE - DAVIS,PJ, HERSH,R},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {114-115},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1982},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds328417}
}
@book{fds293011,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Mathematics for Economists An Integrated
Approach},
Pages = {180 pages},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1982},
ISBN = {9780521287692},
Key = {fds293011}
}
@article{fds292951,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `The Mathematical Experience' by Philip Davis
and Reuben Hersh},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {114-115},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds292951}
}
@article{fds27604,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `Classical and Neoclassical Theories of General
Equilibrium' by Walsh and Gram},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {1566-1568},
Year = {1980},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds27604}
}
@article{fds328418,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {CLASSICAL AND NEOCLASSICAL THEORIES OF GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM -
HISTORICAL ORIGINS AND MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURE - WALSH,V,
GRAM,H},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {18},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1566-1568},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds328418}
}
@article{fds293094,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {CATASTROPHE-THEORY AND INTERTEMPORAL EQUILIBRIA},
Journal = {ECONOMIE APPLIQUEE},
Volume = {33},
Number = {2},
Pages = {303-315},
Publisher = {LIBRAIRIE DROZ SA},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0013-0494},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980LM05500002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293094}
}
@book{fds293010,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Microfoundations The Compatibility of Microeconomics and
Macroeconomics},
Series = {Cambridge Surveys of Economic Literature},
Pages = {175 pages},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Year = {1979},
Month = {February},
ISBN = {9780521294454},
Abstract = {The first full-length survey of current work which examines
the compatibility of microeconomics and macroeconomics.},
Key = {fds293010}
}
@article{fds292950,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `The Core and Economic Theory' by Lester
Telser},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Pages = {1449-1451},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {0364-281X},
Key = {fds292950}
}
@article{fds328421,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {EQUILIBRIUM AND DISEQUILIBRIUM IN ECONOMIC-THEORY -
SCHWODIAUER,G},
Journal = {KYKLOS},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {735-736},
Publisher = {HELBING & LICHTENHAHN VERLAG AG},
Year = {1978},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds328421}
}
@article{fds27606,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `The Microeconomic Foundations of
Macroeconomics' by G. Harcourt},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Literature},
Volume = {XVI},
Pages = {1011-1012},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds27606}
}
@article{fds27607,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of "Equilibrium and Disequilibrium in Economic
Theory" by G. Schwödiauer},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {735-736},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds27607}
}
@article{fds328420,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {MICROECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF MACROECONOMICS - PROCEEDINGS OF
A CONFERENCE HELD BY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION AT
SAGARO, SPAIN - HARCOURT,GC},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1011-1012},
Year = {1978},
Key = {fds328420}
}
@article{fds293070,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {MICRO-FOUNDATIONS OF MACROECONOMICS - CRITICAL
SURVEY},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC},
Year = {1977},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0515},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1977DA92700001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293070}
}
@article{fds293095,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {The Development of the Neo-Walrasian Synthesis},
Journal = {Economie Appliqueé},
Number = {4},
Pages = {585-598},
Year = {1977},
Key = {fds293095}
}
@article{fds328422,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {VALUES OF NON-ATOMIC GAMES - AUMANN,RJ AND
SHAPLEY,LS},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF PEACE SCIENCE},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {163-164},
Publisher = {PEACE SCI SOC INC},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds328422}
}
@article{fds293029,
Author = {WEINTRAUB, ER},
Title = {MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION AND EFFECTIVE DEMAND -
NIKAIDO,H},
Journal = {KYKLOS},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {568-569},
Publisher = {HELBING & LICHTENHAHN VERLAG AG},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-5962},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976CC74000026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds293029}
}
@article{fds293071,
Author = {Graham, DA and Peter Jennergren and L and Peterson, DW and Roy
Weintraub, E},
Title = {Trader-commodity parity theorems},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {443-454},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1942 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-0531(76)90038-7},
Key = {fds293071}
}
@article{fds293096,
Author = {Baligh, H and Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER and Weisfeld,
M},
Title = {‘REAL’ TRANSACTIONS COSTS ARE INESSENTIAL},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {527-530},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1976},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0023-5962},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1976CC74000006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6435.1976.tb01987.x},
Key = {fds293096}
}
@article{fds27608,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Review of `Values of Non-Atomic Games' by R. Aumann and L.
S. Shapley},
Journal = {Journal of Peace Science},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds27608}
}
@misc{fds292975,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Game Theory and Optimization Models},
Pages = {125-136},
Booktitle = {Modern Economic Thought},
Publisher = {Univesity of Philadelphia Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, S},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds292975}
}
@misc{fds292976,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {General Equilibrium Theory},
Pages = {107-124},
Booktitle = {Modern Economic Thought},
Publisher = {Univesity of Philadelphia Press},
Editor = {Weintraub, S},
Year = {1976},
Key = {fds292976}
}
@article{fds27510,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Uncertainty and the Keynesian Revolution},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {530-548},
Year = {1975},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/2544},
Key = {fds27510}
}
@article{fds293044,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {“Uncertainty” and the Keynesian Revolution},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {530-548},
Publisher = {Duke University Press},
Year = {1975},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0018-2702},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975BG38600007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1215/00182702-7-4-530},
Key = {fds293044}
}
@article{fds293055,
Author = {Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER},
Title = {On Convergence to Pareto Allocations},
Journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {42},
Number = {3},
Pages = {469-469},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1975},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1975AP20800013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.2307/2296859},
Key = {fds293055}
}
@book{fds293009,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Conflict and Cooperation in Economics,},
Series = {Macmillan Studies in Economics},
Pages = {iii + 93},
Publisher = {Macmillian Studies in Economics},
Year = {1975},
Key = {fds293009}
}
@article{fds293099,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {A Monetarist Model: A Note},
Journal = {The American Economist},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-108},
Year = {1974},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/056943457401800213},
Doi = {10.1177/056943457401800213},
Key = {fds293099}
}
@article{fds293100,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Gusen, P and Havrilesky, T},
Title = {A Monetarist Model},
Journal = {Intermountain Economic Review},
Volume = {5},
Number = {2},
Pages = {93-94},
Year = {1974},
Month = {Fall},
Key = {fds293100}
}
@article{fds293098,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Gusen, P and Havrilesky, T},
Title = {The Quality Theory of Money (or Glued Money Does Not Drive
Out Bad Money)},
Journal = {Intermountain Economic Review},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-108},
Year = {1974},
Month = {Summer},
Key = {fds293098}
}
@article{fds293102,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Keynes' Employment Function},
Journal = {History of Political Economy},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-109},
Year = {1974},
Month = {May},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2539 Duke open
access},
Key = {fds293102}
}
@article{fds293103,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {General Competitive Analysis: A Perspective},
Journal = {Economic Inquiry},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {105-113},
Year = {1974},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds293103}
}
@article{fds293101,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Weintraub, S},
Title = {THE FULL‐EMPLOYMENT MODEL: A REPLY},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {613-613},
Year = {1974},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1974.tb01105.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6435.1974.tb01105.x},
Key = {fds293101}
}
@book{fds293008,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {General Equilibrium Theory},
Series = {Macmillan Studies in Economics},
Publisher = {Macmillan Studies in Economics},
Year = {1974},
Key = {fds293008}
}
@article{fds27501,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and D. Graham and E. Jacobson},
Title = {Transactions Costs and the Convergence of a `Trade Out of
Equilibrium' Adjustment Process},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Pages = {123-131},
Year = {1972},
Month = {June},
Key = {fds27501}
}
@article{fds293106,
Author = {Graham, DA and Weintraub, ER and Jacobson, E},
Title = {Transactions Costs and the Convergence of a 'Trade Out of
Equilibrium' Adjustment Process},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-131},
Year = {1972},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds293106}
}
@article{fds328423,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Weintraub, S},
Title = {THE FULL EMPLOYMENT MODEL: A CRITIQUE},
Journal = {Kyklos},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-100},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1972},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1972.tb02572.x},
Abstract = {Full employment models proliferate in economic journals
while excessive unemployment (U. S. and Canada, 1969‐71)
troubles some major (and many under‐developed) economies.
As in Keynes’ time, the analytic work is often at odds
with reality. Patinkin, for example, decleares that ‘the
labor market… does not interest us’ and that ‘its sole
function is to provide the benchmark of full employment’.
For Patinkin, and others, full employment exists apparently
only by assumption. The implicit mechanism assumes that
labor market bargains are made in real terms and, in
describing the ‘equilibrium’ tatonnement, a fictional
change in money wages is imposed while product prices are
assumed to remain constant. Keynes rejected this
‘analysis’ on the grounds that higher (lower) money
wages must lead to higher (lower) prices with, at best,
limited employment effects ultimately analogous to monetary
manipulations. Yet Keynes’ remarks on this vital matter
are commonly ignored, even in ‘Keynesian’ models. This
matter is reopened inasmuch as the analysis has profound
policy implications. On the theoretical level it is also
demonstrated that on plausible behavioral grounds Lange's
representation of a perfectly elastic labor supply function
(over some range) is defensible. Patinkin's supply points
‘off’ the supply function really entails a
misspecification of the appropriate function. Copyright ©
1972, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1467-6435.1972.tb02572.x},
Key = {fds328423}
}
@article{fds293079,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Makridakis, S},
Title = {On the Synthesis of General Systems: II (Optimal System
Size)},
Journal = {La Revue Francais d'Informatique et de Recherche
Operationnelle},
Volume = {serie blue},
Number = {B-1},
Pages = {51-54},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds293079}
}
@article{fds293105,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Makridakis, S},
Title = {On the Synthesis of General Systems: I (The Probability of
Stability)},
Journal = {La Revue Francais d'Informatique et de Recherche
Operationnelle},
Volume = {serie bleue},
Number = {B-1},
Pages = {43-50},
Year = {1972},
Key = {fds293105}
}
@article{fds293107,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Weintraub, S},
Title = {An Inflation Unemployment Model},
Journal = {Indian Economic Journal},
Volume = {xciii},
Number = {4-5},
Pages = {514-525},
Year = {1971},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds293107}
}
@article{fds293108,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Turnovsky, S},
Title = {Stochastic Stability of a General Equilibrium System Under
Adaptive Expectations},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Pages = {71-86},
Year = {1971},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds293108}
}
@article{fds293109,
Author = {Weintraub, ER and Myers, M},
Title = {A Dynamic Model of Firm Entry},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {127-129},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1971},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2296632},
Doi = {10.2307/2296632},
Key = {fds293109}
}
@article{fds293110,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Stability of A Stochastic General Equilibrium
Model},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Pages = {380-384},
Year = {1970},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds293110}
}
@article{fds293111,
Author = {Weintraub, ER},
Title = {Stochastic Stability of Short Run Market
Equilibrium},
Journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
Pages = {161-167},
Year = {1970},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds293111}
}
%% Weller, Brian M
@article{fds346483,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, B},
Title = {Testing for Unobserved Heterogeneity via K-Means
Clustering},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
Key = {fds346483}
}
@article{fds346484,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, B},
Title = {Risk Price Variation: The Missing Half of Empirical Asset
Pricing},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {274},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds346484}
}
@article{fds338585,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, B},
Title = {What You See Is Not What You Get: The Costs of Trading
Market Anomalies},
Number = {255},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds338585}
}
@article{fds318189,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Measuring Tail Risks at High Frequency},
Journal = {American Historical Review},
Volume = {124},
Number = {2},
Pages = {3571-3616},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy133},
Abstract = {© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press
on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights
reserved. I exploit information in the cross-section of
bid-ask spreads to develop a new measure of extreme event
risk. Spreads embed tail risk information because liquidity
providers require compensation for the possibility of sharp
changes in asset values. I show that simple regressions
relating spreads and trading volume to factor betas recover
this information and deliver high-frequency tail risk
estimates for common factors in stock returns. My
methodology disentangles financial and aggregate market
risks during the 2007-2008 financial crisis; quantifies jump
risks associated with Federal Open Market Committee
announcements; and anticipates an extreme liquidity shock
before the 2010 Flash Crash. Received April 27, 2016;
editorial decision August 10, 2018 by Editor Andrew Karolyi.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is
available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to
the link to the final published paper online},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhy133},
Key = {fds318189}
}
@article{fds318190,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Does algorithmic trading reduce information
acquisition?},
Journal = {Review of Financial Studies},
Volume = {31},
Number = {6},
Pages = {2184-2226},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhx137},
Abstract = {© The Author(s) 2018. I demonstrate an important tension
between acquiring information and incorporating it into
asset prices. As a salient case, I analyze algorithmic
trading (AT), which is typically associated with improved
price efficiency. Using a new measure of the information
content of prices and a comprehensive panel of 54,879
stock-quarters of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
market data, I establish instead that the amount of
information in prices decreases by 9% to 13% per standard
deviation of AT activity and up to a month before scheduled
disclosures. AT thus may reduce price informativeness
despite its importance for translating available information
into prices.},
Doi = {10.1093/rfs/hhx137},
Key = {fds318190}
}
@article{fds333310,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, B},
Title = {What You See Is Not What You Get: The Costs of Trading
Market Anomalies},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (Erid) Working
Paper},
Number = {255},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds333310}
}
@article{fds333749,
Author = {Patton, AJ and Weller, BM},
Title = {What You See Is Not What You Get: The Costs of Trading
Market Anomalies},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds333749}
}
@article{fds337433,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Measuring Tail Risks at High Frequency},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds337433}
}
@article{fds337434,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Efficient Prices at Any Cost: Does Algorithmic Trading Deter
Information Acquisition?},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds337434}
}
@article{fds325961,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Intermediation Chains},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds325961}
}
@misc{fds325962,
Author = {Weller, BM},
Title = {Public Policy and Saving for Retirement},
Booktitle = {Better Living through Economics},
Publisher = {Harvard University Press},
Editor = {Siegfried, JJ},
Year = {2012},
ISBN = {9780674064126},
Key = {fds325962}
}
%% Xu, Daniel Yi
@article{fds368432,
Author = {Edmond, C and Midrigan, V and Xu, DY},
Title = {How Costly Are Markups?},
Journal = {Journal of Political Economy},
Volume = {131},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1619-1675},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/722986},
Abstract = {We study the welfare costs of markups in a dynamic model
with hetero- geneous firms and endogenous markups. We
provide aggregation re- sults summarizing the macro
implications of micro-level markup het- erogeneity. We
calibrate our model to US Census of Manufactures data and
find that the costs of markups can be large. We decompose
the costs into three channels: an aggregate markup that acts
like a uni- form output tax, misallocation of factors of
production, and ineffi- cient entry. We find that the
aggregate-markup and misallocation channels account for most
of the costs of markups and that the entry channel is much
less important.},
Doi = {10.1086/722986},
Key = {fds368432}
}
@article{fds365488,
Author = {Chen, Z and Jiang, X and Liu, Z and Suárez Serrato and JC and Xu,
DY},
Title = {Tax Policy and Lumpy Investment Behaviour: Evidence from
China’s VAT Reform},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {90},
Number = {2},
Pages = {634-674},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2023},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdac027},
Abstract = {We incorporate the lumpy nature of firm-level investment
into the study of how tax policy affects investment
behaviour. We show that tax policies can directly impact the
lumpiness of investment. Extensive-margin responses to tax
policy are key to understanding the effects of different tax
reforms and to designing effective stimulus policies. We
illustrate these results by studying China’s 2009 VAT
reform, which lowered the tax cost of investment and reduced
partial irreversibility—the price gap between new and used
capital. Using comprehensive tax survey data and a
difference-in-differences design, we estimate a 36% relative
investment increase that is driven by investment spikes.
Using a dynamic investment model that fits the reduced-form
effects of the reform, we show that policies that directly
reduce the likelihood of firm inaction are more effective at
stimulating investment.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdac027},
Key = {fds365488}
}
@article{fds368433,
Author = {Demir, B and Fieler, AC and Yi Xu and D and Yang, KK},
Title = {O-Ring Production Networks},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
Key = {fds368433}
}
@article{fds363444,
Author = {Chen, Z and He, Y and Liu, Z and Xu, DY and Serrato,
JCS},
Title = {The structure of business taxation in China},
Volume = {35},
Number = {1},
Pages = {131-177},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/713495},
Abstract = {This paper documents facts about the structure of business
taxation in China using administrative tax data from 2007 to
2011 from the State Taxation Administration.We first
document the importance of different business taxes across
industries. Although corporate income taxes play an
important role for manufacturing firms, these firms also
remit a large share of their tax payments through the
value-added tax system, through the excise tax system, and
through payroll taxes. Gross receipts taxes play an
important role for firms in other industries, leading to
spillovers that may affect the overall economy. Second, we
evaluate whether the structure of China’s tax revenue
matches its stage of development. A crosscountry comparison
of sources of government revenue shows that China collects a
high share of tax revenue fromtaxes on goods and services
and a high share of income tax on corporations. Finally, we
study whether firmlevel differences in effective tax rates
can be an important source of allocative
inefficiencies.Decomposing the variation in effective tax
rates across firms, we find that government policies,
including loss carry-forward provisions and preferential
policies for regional, foreign, small, and high-tech firms,
have significant explanatory power. Nonetheless, although
effective tax rates vary along a number of dimensions, tax
policy does not explain the large dispersion in the returns
to factors of production across firms.},
Doi = {10.1086/713495},
Key = {fds363444}
}
@article{fds346772,
Author = {Hu, MM and Yang, S and Xu, DY},
Title = {Understanding the social learning effect in contagious
switching behavior},
Journal = {Management Science},
Volume = {65},
Number = {10},
Pages = {4771-4794},
Publisher = {Institute for Operations Research and the Management
Sciences (INFORMS)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3173},
Abstract = {We study the contagious switching behavior related to a
consumer’s choice of wireless carriers, that is, that a
consumer is more likely to switch wireless carriers if more
of their contacts from the same carrier have switched.
Contagious switching (or a positive network effect) can be
driven by information-based social learning, as well as
other mechanisms related to network size. Although previous
marketing literature has documented the social-learning
effect, most of the applications studied involve products in
which consumers usually do not enjoy any direct benefits
from a large network other than from information-based
social learning. We explore the importance of the
social-learning effect relative to other mechanisms that may
also lead to the network effect. We propose a dynamic
structural model with interpersonal interactions. To model
the social-learning effect, a consumer uses feedback from
his or her contacts who have switched from a focal carrier
to update his or her quality expectations of alternative
carriers. Our model further accounts for two unique aspects
of consumer strategic learning: (i) the individual’s
perception on the signal of alternative carriers from
contacts who switch is systematically different according to
whether the signal comes from a loyal contact; and (ii) that
the perceived noisiness of the signal on alternative
carriers from a contact who has switched depends on the
strength of the relationship between the individual and the
contact. The remaining network effect not captured through
social learning is modeled as a function of the size of the
network. We solve the model with a two-step dynamic
programming algorithm, with the assumption that a consumer
is forward-looking and decides whether to stay with the same
service carrier in each period by maximizing the total
utility received from that day onward. We apply the proposed
model to the data set of a mobile network operator in a
European country. We find that churning/switching behavior
is contagious in the network context and that one-third of
general network effects can be attributed to social
learning. We also detect strategic learning by consumers
from their contacts in two ways: the experience signal on
alternative carriers from a more loyal contact who has
switched from the focal carrier is perceived to be more
positive than that from a less loyal contact; and the
social-learning effect is stronger from an individual’s
closest contacts. The simulation analysis demonstrates the
value of our model in helping a company prioritize its
customer relationship management effort.},
Doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2018.3173},
Key = {fds346772}
}
@article{fds338620,
Author = {Xu, DY and Cabral, L and Wang, Z},
Title = {Competitors, Complementors, and Parents: Explaining Regional
Agglomeration in the U.S. Auto Industry},
Pages = {1-29},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2018.01.006},
Abstract = {Taking the early U.S. automobile industry as an example, we
evaluate four competing hypotheses on regional industry
agglomeration: intra-industry local externalities,
inter-industry local externalities, employee spinouts, and
location fixed effects. Our findings suggest that in the
automobile case, inter-industry local externalities
(particularly from the carriage and wagon industry) and
employee spinouts (particularly due to the high spinout rate
in Detroit) play important roles. The presence of other
firms in the same industry has a negligible or negative
effect. Finally, local inputs account for some agglomeration
in the short run, but the effects are much more profound in
the long run.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2018.01.006},
Key = {fds338620}
}
@article{fds339234,
Author = {Roberts, MJ and Xu, DY and Fan, X and Zhang, S},
Title = {The role of firm factors in demand, cost, and export market
selection for chinese footwear producers},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {85},
Number = {4},
Pages = {2429-2461},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdx066},
Abstract = {In this article, we use micro data on both trade and
production for a sample of large Chinese manufacturing firms
in the footwear industry from 2002 to 2006 to estimate an
empirical model of export demand, pricing, and market
participation by destination market. We use the model to
construct indexes of firm-level demand, marginal cost, and
fixed cost. The empirical results indicate substantial firm
heterogeneity in all three dimension with demand being the
most dispersed. The firm-specific demand and marginal cost
components account for over 30% of market share variation,
40% of sales variation, and over 50% of price variation
among exporters. The fixed cost index is the primary factor
explaining differences in the pattern of destination markets
across firms. The estimates are used to analyse the supply
reallocation following the removal of the quota on Chinese
footwear exports to the EU. This led to a rapid
restructuring of export supply sources on both the intensive
and extensive margins in favour of firms with high demand
and low fixed costs indexes, with marginal cost differences
not being important.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdx066},
Key = {fds339234}
}
@article{fds343255,
Author = {Suarez Serrato and JC and Chen, Z and Liu, Z and Xu,
DY},
Title = {Notching R&D Investment with Corporate Income Tax Cuts in
China},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
Abstract = {We analyze the effects of a large fiscal incentive for R&D
investment in China that awards a lower average corporate
income tax rate to qualifying firms. The sharp incentives of
the program generate notches, or jumps, in firm values, and
vary over time and across firm characteristics. We exploit a
novel link between survey and administrative tax data of
Chinese firms to estimate investment responses, the
potential for evasion, as well as effects on productivity
and tax payments. We find large responses of reported R&D
using a cross-sectional “bunching” estimators that is
new in the R&D literature. We also find evidence that firms
relabel administrative expenses as R&D to qualify for the
program. We estimate an intent-to-treat effect of the policy
on R&D investment of 18.8%, and find that 45% of this
response is due to evasion. These effects imply
user-cost-elasticities of 2 for the reported response, and
1.14 for the real response. We utilize the panel structure
of the data to estimate the effect of the program on firm
productivity, and find an increase of 1.6% for targeted
firms. These estimates are crucial ingredients for designing
policies that trade-off corporate tax revenue with future
productivity growth.},
Key = {fds343255}
}
@article{fds331945,
Author = {Fieler, AC and Eslava, M and Xu, DY},
Title = {Trade, quality upgrading, and input linkages: Theory and
evidence from Colombia},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {108},
Number = {1},
Pages = {109-146},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150796},
Abstract = {A quantitative model brings together theories linking
international trade to quality, technology, and demand for
skills. Standard effects of trade on importers and exporters
are magnifed through domestic input linkages. We estimate
the model with data from Colombian manufacturing frms before
the 1991 trade liberalization. A counterfactual trade
liberalization is broadly consistent with postliberalization
data. It increases skill intensity from 12 to 16 percent,
while decreasing sales. Imported inputs, estimated to be of
higher quality, and domestic input linkages are
quantitatively important. Economies of scale, export
expansion, and reallocation of production are small and
cannot explain post-liberalization data.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20150796},
Key = {fds331945}
}
@article{fds331308,
Author = {Xu, DY},
Title = {Comments on “Innovation and product reallocation in the
great recession”},
Journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {21-23},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.10.002},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.10.002},
Key = {fds331308}
}
@article{fds368434,
Author = {Tybout, J and Jinkins, D and Xu, DY and Eaton, J},
Title = {Two-sided Search in International Markets},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {We develop a dynamic model of the many-to-many matching
processes through which international business relationships
are formed. Our formulation characterizes exporters' and
importers' search efforts as functions of their type, their
current portfolio of business partners, and the market
conditions they face. After calibrating our model to customs
records on Colombian retailers, we use it to study the
steady state and transitory effects of China's emergence as
a major supplier of consumer goods. In doing so we focus on
the induced changes in matching patterns, the associated
reallocation of rents across businesses, and the net effects
on consumer welfare.},
Key = {fds368434}
}
@article{fds290828,
Author = {Edmond, C and Midrigan, V and Xu, DY},
Title = {Competition, markups, and the gains from international
trade},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {10},
Pages = {3183-3221},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20120549},
Abstract = {We study the procompetitive gains from international trade
in a quantitative model with endogenously variable markups.
We find that trade can significantly reduce markup
distortions if two conditions are satisfied: (i ) there is
extensive misallocation, and (ii ) opening to trade exposes
hitherto dominant producers to greater competitive pressure.
We measure the extent to which these two conditions are
satisfied in Taiwanese producer-level data. Versions of our
model consistent with the Taiwanese data predict that
opening up to trade strongly increases competition and
reduces markup distortions by up to one-half, thus
significantly reducing productivity losses due to
misallocation.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.20120549},
Key = {fds290828}
}
@article{fds239254,
Author = {Eslava, M and Fieler, AC and Xu, DY},
Title = {(Indirect) input linkages},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {105},
Number = {5},
Pages = {662-666},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151122},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.p20151122},
Key = {fds239254}
}
@article{fds239255,
Author = {Midrigan, V and Xu, DY},
Title = {Finance and misallocation: Evidence from plant-level
data},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {2},
Pages = {422-458},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.2.422},
Abstract = {We use producer-level data to evaluate the role of financial
frictions in determining total factor productivity (TFP). We
study a model of establishment dynamics in which financial
frictions reduce TFP through two channels. First, finance
frictions distort entry and technology adoption decisions.
Second, finance frictions generate dispersion in the returns
to capital across existing producers and thus productivity
losses from misallocation. Parameterizations of our model
consistent with the data imply fairly small losses from
misallocation, but potentially sizable losses from
inefficiently low levels of entry and technology adoption.
Copyright © 2014 by the American Economic
Association.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.2.422},
Key = {fds239255}
}
@article{fds239256,
Author = {Dunne, T and Klimek, SD and Roberts, MJ and Xu, DY},
Title = {Entry, exit, and the determinants of market
structure},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {44},
Number = {3},
Pages = {462-487},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2013},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12027},
Abstract = {This article estimates a dynamic, structural model of entry
and exit for two US service industries: dentists and
chiropractors. Entry costs faced by potential entrants,
fixed costs faced by incumbent producers, and the toughness
of short-run price competition are important determinants of
long-run firm values, firm turnover, and market structure.
In the dentist industry entry costs were subsidized in
geographic markets designated as Health Professional
Shortage Areas (HPSA) and the estimated mean entry cost is
11 percent lower in these markets. Using simulations, we
find that entry cost subsidies are less expensive per
additional firm than fixed cost subsidies. © 2013,
RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12027},
Key = {fds239256}
}
@article{fds328794,
Author = {Xu, DY and Roberts, MJ and Fan, X and Zhang, S},
Title = {The Role of Firm Factors in Demand, Cost, and Export Market
Selection for Chinese Footwear Producers},
Publisher = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17725},
Doi = {10.3386/w17725},
Key = {fds328794}
}
@article{fds239261,
Author = {Aw, BY and Roberts, MJ and Xu, DY},
Title = {R&D investment, exporting, and productivity
dynamics},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {101},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1312-1344},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.4.1312},
Abstract = {This paper estimates a dynamic structural model of a
producer's decision to invest in R&D and export, allowing
both choices to endogenously affect the future path of
productivity. Using plant-level data for the Taiwanese
electronics industry, both activities are found to have a
positive effect on the plant's future productivity. This in
turn drives more plants to self-select into both activities,
contributing to further productivity gains. Simulations of
an expansion of the export market are shown to increase both
exporting and R&D investment and generate a gradual
within-plant productivity improvement. © The Nobel
Foundation 2010.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.101.4.1312},
Key = {fds239261}
}
@article{fds239260,
Author = {Lederman, D and Rodríguez-Clare, A and Xu, DY},
Title = {Entrepreneurship and the extensive margin in export growth:
A microeconomic accounting of Costa Rica's export growth
during 1997-2007},
Journal = {World Bank Economic Review},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {543-561},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0258-6770},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhr031},
Abstract = {Successful exporting countries are often seen as successful
economies. This paper studies the role of new exporting
entrepreneurs-defined as firms that became exporters-in
determining export growth in a fast growing and export
oriented middleincome country i.e., Costa Rica during
1997-2007. It provides a detailed description of the
contribution of export entrepreneurs in the short and long
run, and comparing the observed patterns with an emerging
literature on the role of the "extensive" margin in
international trade. On a year-by-year basis, the rate of
firm turnover into and out of exporting is high, but exit
rates decline rapidly with age (i.e., the number of years
the firm has been exporting). On average, about 30 percent
of firms in each year tend to exit export activities, and a
similar percentage of firms enter. The exiting and entering
firms tend to be significantly smaller than incumbent firms
in terms of export value (e.g., entrants export about 30
percent less on average than incumbent firms). These
findings are consistent with existing evidence for other
middle income Latin American countries. However, in the long
run new product-firm combinations (i.e., product-firm
combinations not present in 1997) account for almost 60
percent of the value of exports in 2007. Surviving new
exporters actively adopted new products (for the firm, but
not necessarily new for the country) and abandoned weaker
existing products they start with, and their export growth
rates were very high during a period (1999-2005) when those
of incumbent exporting firms were actually negative. © The
Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf
of the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/The World Bank. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1093/wber/lhr031},
Key = {fds239260}
}
@article{fds239259,
Author = {Guner, N and Ventura, G and Xu, Y},
Title = {Macroeconomic implications of size-dependent
policies},
Journal = {Review of Economic Dynamics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {721-744},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1094-2025},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2008.01.005},
Abstract = {Government policies that impose restrictions on the size of
large establishments or firms, or promote small ones, are
widespread across countries. In this paper, we develop a
framework to systematically study policies of this class. We
study a simple growth model with an endogenous size
distribution of production units. We parameterize this model
to account for the size distribution of establishments and
for the large share of employment in large establishments.
Then, we ask: quantitatively, how costly are policies that
distort the size of production units? What is the impact of
these policies on productivity measures, the equilibrium
number of establishments and their size distribution? We
find that these effects are potentially large: policies that
reduce the average size of establishments by 20% lead to
reductions in output and output per establishment up to 8.1%
and 25.6% respectively, as well as large increases in the
number of establishments (23.5%). © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.red.2008.01.005},
Key = {fds239259}
}
@article{fds239258,
Author = {Aw, BY and Roberts, MJ and Xu, DY},
Title = {R&D investments, exporting, and the evolution of firm
productivity},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {98},
Number = {2},
Pages = {451-456},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2008},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.451},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.98.2.451},
Key = {fds239258}
}
@article{fds325963,
Author = {Xu, DY},
Title = {A Structural Empirical Model of R&D, Firm Heterogeneity, and
Industry Evolution},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds325963}
}
@article{fds239257,
Author = {Guner, N and Ventura, G and Yi, X},
Title = {How costly are restrictions on size?},
Journal = {Japan and the World Economy},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {302-320},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0922-1425},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japwor.2004.11.002},
Abstract = {We develop a simple framework to address government policies
that restrict the size of establishments in a particular
sector. The economy we study is a two-sector extension of
the span-of-control model of Lucas [Lucas, R.E., 1978. On
the size distribution of business firms. Bell Journal 9,
508-523]. In the model, production requires a managerial
input, and individuals sort themselves into managers and
workers. Since managers are heterogeneous in terms of their
ability, establishments of different sizes coexist in
equilibrium in each sector. We then study government
policies that aim to change the size distribution of
establishments in a given sector, such as Japan's Large
Scale Retail Location Law. How costly are these policies?
What is their impact on productivity, the number and size
distribution of establishments? We find that these effects
are potentially large. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.japwor.2004.11.002},
Key = {fds239257}
}
%% Xu, Jianguo
@article{fds26472,
Author = {Jianguo Xu},
Title = {Selective Market Participation, Endogenous Overconfidence,
and the Implications for Skewness (Job Market Paper) (
revise and resubmit, Journal of Finance)},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds26472}
}
@article{fds26527,
Author = {Jianguo Xu},
Title = {Heterogeneous Confidence, Sensitivity to Information, and
the Likelihood to Buy},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26527}
}
@article{fds26473,
Author = {Jianguo Xu},
Title = {Heterogeneous Beliefs, Market Confidence Fluctuation:
Implications for Volatility and Volume},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds26473}
}
@article{fds26471,
Author = {Yaohai Zhao and Jianguo Xu},
Title = {Chinese Urban Pension System: Reforms and
Problems},
Journal = {The Cato Journal},
Volume = {21},
Number = {3},
Pages = {395-414},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds26471}
}
@article{fds26474,
Author = {Jianguo Xu and Yaohai Zhao},
Title = {Incentive Problems in China Urban Pension
Reform},
Journal = {The China Economic Quarterly},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {193-207},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds26474}
}
@misc{fds26475,
Author = {Yaohui Zhao and Jianguo Xu},
Title = {Employment Choice and Wage Determination in Urban
China},
Pages = {400-411},
Booktitle = {China Labor Market and Employment Issues},
Publisher = {Finance and Economics University (Southeast)
Press},
Editor = {Yuguo Wang and Aimin Chen},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds26475}
}
%% Yang, Kelly Kaili
@article{fds366378,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, K and Joynt Maddox and KE and McDevitt, RC and Roberts, JW and Offodile, AC},
Title = {Association Between Hospital Private Equity Acquisition and
Outcomes of Acute Medical Conditions Among Medicare
Beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Jama Network Open},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e229581},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Abstract = {<h4>Importance</h4>As private equity (PE) acquisitions of
short-term acute care hospitals (ACHs) continue, their
impact on the care of medically vulnerable older adults
remains largely unexplored.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate
the association between PE acquisition of ACHs and access to
care, patient outcomes, and spending among Medicare
beneficiaries hospitalized with acute medical
conditions.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This
cross-sectional study used a generalized
difference-in-differences approach to compare 21 091 222
patients admitted to PE-acquired vs non-PE-acquired
short-term ACHs between January 1, 2001, and December 31,
2018, at least 3 years before to 3 years after PE
acquisition. The analysis was conducted between December 28,
2020, and February 1, 2022. Differences were estimated using
both facility and hospital service area fixed effects. To
assess the robustness of findings, regressions were
reestimated after including fixed effects of patient county
of origin to account for geographic differences in
underlying health risks. Two subset analyses were also
conducted: (1) an analysis including only hospitals in
hospital referral regions with at least 1 PE acquisition and
(2) an analysis stratified by participation in the Hospital
Corporation of America 2006 acquisition. The study included
Medicare beneficiaries 66 years and older who were
hospitalized with 1 of 5 acute medical conditions: acute
myocardial infarction (AMI), acute stroke, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and pneumonia.<h4>Exposures</h4>Acquisition
of hospitals by PE firms.<h4>Main outcomes and
measures</h4>Comorbidity burden (measured by Elixhauser
comorbidity score), hospital length of stay, in-hospital
mortality, 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, and 30-day
episode payments.<h4>Results</h4>Among 21 091 222 total
Medicare beneficiaries admitted to ACHs between 2001 and
2018, 20 431 486 patients received care at non-PE-acquired
hospitals, and 659 736 received care at PE-acquired
hospitals. Across all admissions, the mean (SD) age was
79.45 (7.95) years; 11 727 439 patients (55.6%) were
male, and 4 550 012 patients (21.6%) had dual insurance;
2 996 560 (14.2%) patients were members of racial or ethnic
minority groups, including 2 085 128 [9.9%] Black and 371
648 [1.8%] Hispanic; 18 094 662 patients (85.8%) were
White. Overall, 3 083 760 patients (14.6%) were hospitalized
with AMI, 2 835 777 (13.4%) with acute stroke, 3 674
477 (17.4%) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
exacerbation, 5 868 034 (27.8%) with congestive heart
failure exacerbation, and 5 629 174 (26.7%) with pneumonia.
Comorbidity burden decreased slightly among patients
admitted with acute stroke (difference, -0.04 SDs; 95% CI,
-0.004 to -0.07 SDs) at acquired hospitals compared with
nonacquired hospitals but was unchanged across the other 4
conditions. Among patients with AMI, a greater decrease in
in-hospital mortality was observed in PE-acquired hospitals
compared with non-PE-acquired hospitals (difference, -1.14
percentage points, 95% CI, -1.86 to -0.42 percentage
points). In addition, a greater decrease in 30-day mortality
(difference, -1.41 percentage points; 95% CI, -2.26 to -0.56
percentage points) was found at acquired vs nonacquired
hospitals. However, 30-day spending and readmission rates
remained unchanged across all conditions. The extent and
directionality of estimates were preserved across all
robustness assessments and subset analyses.<h4>Conclusions
and relevance</h4>In this cross-sectional study using a
difference-in-differences approach, PE acquisition had no
substantial association with the patient-level outcomes
examined, although it was associated with a moderate
improvement in mortality among Medicare beneficiaries
hospitalized with AMI.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.9581},
Key = {fds366378}
}
@article{fds366379,
Author = {Cerullo, M and Yang, KK and Roberts, J and McDevitt, RC and Offodile,
AC},
Title = {Private Equity Acquisition And Responsiveness To
Service-Line Profitability At Short-Term Acute Care
Hospitals.},
Journal = {Health Affairs},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1697-1705},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Abstract = {As private equity firms continue to increase their ownership
stake in various health care sectors in the US, questions
arise about potential impacts on the organization and
delivery of care. Using a difference-in-differences
approach, we investigated changes in service-line provision
in private equity-acquired hospitals. Relative to
nonacquired hospitals, private equity acquisition was
associated with a higher probability of adding specific
profitable hospital-based services (interventional cardiac
catheterization, hemodialysis, and labor and delivery),
profitable technologies (robotic surgery and digital
mammography), and freestanding or satellite emergency
departments. Moreover, private equity acquisition was
associated with an increased probability of providing
services that were previously categorized as unprofitable
but that have more recently become areas of financial
opportunity (for example, mental health services). Finally,
private equity-acquired hospitals were less likely to add or
continue services that have unreliable revenue streams or
that may face competition from nonprofit hospitals (for
example, outpatient psychiatry), although fewer shifts were
noted among unprofitable services. This may reflect a
prevailing shift by acute care hospitals toward outpatient
settings for appropriate procedures and synergies with
existing holdings by private equity firms.},
Doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00541},
Key = {fds366379}
}
%% Yashkin, Arseniy
@article{fds369683,
Author = {Arbeev, KG and Bagley, O and Yashkin, AP and Duan, H and Akushevich, I and Ukraintseva, SV and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Understanding Alzheimer's disease in the context of aging:
Findings from applications of stochastic process models to
the Health and Retirement Study.},
Journal = {Mechanisms of Ageing and Development},
Volume = {211},
Pages = {111791},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2023.111791},
Abstract = {There is growing literature on applications of
biodemographic models, including stochastic process models
(SPM), to studying regularities of age dynamics of
biological variables in relation to aging and disease
development. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is especially good
candidate for SPM applications because age is a major risk
factor for this heterogeneous complex trait. However, such
applications are largely lacking. This paper starts filling
this gap and applies SPM to data on onset of AD and
longitudinal trajectories of body mass index (BMI)
constructed from the Health and Retirement Study surveys and
Medicare-linked data. We found that APOE e4 carriers are
less robust to deviations of trajectories of BMI from the
optimal levels compared to non-carriers. We also observed
age-related decline in adaptive response (resilience)
related to deviations of BMI from optimal levels as well as
APOE- and age-dependence in other components related to
variability of BMI around the mean allostatic values and
accumulation of allostatic load. SPM applications thus allow
revealing novel connections between age, genetic factors and
longitudinal trajectories of risk factors in the context of
AD and aging creating new opportunities for understanding AD
development, forecasting trends in AD incidence and
prevalence in populations, and studying disparities in
those.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mad.2023.111791},
Key = {fds369683}
}
@article{fds369841,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kovtun, M and Kravchenko, J and Arbeev,
K and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Forecasting prevalence and mortality of Alzheimer's disease
using the partitioning models.},
Journal = {Exp Gerontol},
Volume = {174},
Pages = {112133},
Year = {2023},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2023.112133},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Health forecasting is an important aspect of
ensuring that the health system can effectively respond to
the changing epidemiological environment. Common models for
forecasting Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
(AD/ADRD) are based on simplifying methodological
assumptions, applied to limited population subgroups, or do
not allow analysis of medical interventions. This study uses
5 %-Medicare data (1991-2017) to identify, partition, and
forecast age-adjusted prevalence and incidence-based
mortality of AD as well as their causal components. METHODS:
The core underlying methodology is the partitioning analysis
that calculates the relative impact each component has on
the overall trend as well as intertemporal changes in the
strength and direction of these impacts. B-spline functions
estimated for all parameters of partitioning models
represent the basis for projections of these parameters in
future. RESULTS: Prevalence of AD is predicted to be stable
between 2017 and 2028 primarily due to a decline in the
prevalence of pre-AD-diagnosis stroke. Mortality, on the
other hand, is predicted to increase. In all cases the
resulting patterns come from a trade-off of two
disadvantageous processes: increased incidence and
disimproved survival. Analysis of health interventions
demonstrates that the projected burden of AD differs
significantly and leads to alternative policy implications.
DISCUSSION: We developed a forecasting model of AD/ADRD
risks that involves rigorous mathematical models and
incorporation of the dynamics of important determinative
risk factors for AD/ADRD risk. The applications of such
models for analyses of interventions would allow for
predicting future burden of AD/ADRD conditional on a
specific treatment regime.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.exger.2023.112133},
Key = {fds369841}
}
@article{fds370816,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Gorbunova, GA and Tupler, L and Yashin, AI and Doraiswamy, M and Akushevich, I},
Title = {Differences in Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Following
Later-Life Traumatic Brain Injury in Veteran and Civilian
Populations.},
Journal = {The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
Year = {2023},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/htr.0000000000000865},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To directly compare the effect of incident
age 68+ traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the risk of
diagnosis of clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the
general population of older adults, and between male
veterans and nonveterans; to assess how this effect changes
with time since TBI.<h4>Setting and participants</h4>Community-dwelling
traditional Medicare beneficiaries 68 years or older from
the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).<h4>Design</h4>Fine-Gray
models combined with inverse-probability weighting were used
to identify associations between incident TBI, post-TBI
duration, and TBI treatment intensity, with a diagnosis of
clinical AD dementia. The study included 16 829 older adults
followed over the 1991-2015 period. For analyses of
veteran-specific risks, 4281 veteran males and 3093
nonveteran males were identified. Analysis of veteran
females was unfeasible due to the age structure of the
population. Information on occurrence(s) of TBI, and onset
of AD and risk-related comorbidities was constructed from
individual-level HRS-linked Medicare claim records while
demographic and socioeconomic risk factors were based on the
survey data.<h4>Results</h4>Later-life TBI was strongly
associated with increased clinical AD risk in the full
sample (pseudo-hazard ratio [HR]: 3.22; 95% confidence
interval [CI]: 2.57-4.05) and in veteran/nonveteran males
(HR: 5.31; CI: 3.42-7.94), especially those requiring
high-intensity/duration care (HR: 1.58; CI: 1.29-1.91).
Effect magnitude decreased with time following TBI (HR:
0.72: CI: 0.68-0.80).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Later-life TBI was
strongly associated with increased AD risk, especially in
those requiring high-intensity/duration care. Effect
magnitude decreased with time following TBI. Univariate
analysis showed no differences in AD risk between veterans
and nonveterans, while the protective effect associated with
veteran status in Fine-Gray models was largely due to
differences in demographics, socioeconomics, and morbidity.
Future longitudinal studies incorporating diagnostic
procedures and documentation quantifying lifetime TBI events
are necessary to uncover pathophysiological mediating and/or
moderating mechanisms between TBI and AD.},
Doi = {10.1097/htr.0000000000000865},
Key = {fds370816}
}
@article{fds370204,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Kravchenko, J and Yashkin, A and Doraiswamy, PM and Hill, CV and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Health
Disparities Collaborative Group},
Title = {Expanding the scope of health disparities research in
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Recommendations
from the "Leveraging Existing Data and Analytic Methods for
Health Disparities Research Related to Aging and Alzheimer's
Disease and Related Dementias" Workshop Series.},
Journal = {Alzheimer'S & Dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e12415},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12415},
Abstract = {Topics discussed at the "Leveraging Existing Data and
Analytic Methods for Health Disparities Research Related to
Aging and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias"
workshop, held by Duke University and the Alzheimer's
Association with support from the National Institute on
Aging, are summarized. Ways in which existing data
resources paired with innovative applications of both novel
and well-known methodologies can be used to identify the
effects of multi-level societal, community, and individual
determinants of race/ethnicity, sex, and geography-related
health disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related
dementia are proposed. Current literature on the
population analyses of these health disparities is
summarized with a focus on identifying existing gaps in
knowledge, and ways to mitigate these gaps using data/method
combinations are discussed at the workshop. Substantive
and methodological directions of future research capable of
advancing health disparities research related to aging are
formulated.},
Doi = {10.1002/dad2.12415},
Key = {fds370204}
}
@article{fds364200,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kovtun, M and Yashin, AI and Kravchenko, J},
Title = {Underlying mechanisms of change in cancer prevalence in
older U.S. adults: contributions of incidence, survival, and
ascertainment at early stages.},
Journal = {Cancer Causes Control},
Volume = {33},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1161-1172},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-022-01595-6},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To quantitatively evaluate contributions of trends
in incidence, relative survival, and stage at diagnosis to
the dynamics in the prevalence of major cancers (lung,
prostate, colon, breast, urinary bladder, ovaries, stomach,
pancreas, esophagus, kidney, liver, and skin melanoma) among
older U.S. adults age 65 +. METHODS: Trend partitioning
was applied to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End
Results Program data for 1973-2016. RESULTS: Growth of
cancer prevalence in older adults decelerated or even
decreased over time for all studied cancers due to
decreasing incidence and improving survival for most of
cancers, with a smaller contribution of the stage at cancer
diagnosis. Changes in the prevalence of cancers of the lung,
colon, stomach, and breast were predominantly due to
decreasing incidence, increasing survival and more frequent
diagnoses at earlier stages. Changes in prevalence of some
other cancers demonstrated adverse trends such as decreasing
survival in localized and regional stages (urinary bladder
and ovarian) and growing impact of late-stage diagnoses
(esophageal cancer). CONCLUSION: While decelerating or
decreasing prevalence of many cancers were due to a
beneficial combination of decreasing incidence and
increasing survival, there are cancers for which
decelerating prevalence is due to lack of improvement in
their stage-specific survival and/or increasing frequency of
diagnosis at advanced stages. Overall, if the observed
trends persist, it is likely that the burden associated with
cancer prevalence in older U.S. adults will be lower
comparing to projections based on constant increasing
prevalence have previously estimated.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10552-022-01595-6},
Key = {fds364200}
}
@article{fds365173,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Kolpakov, S and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko,
J},
Title = {Vulnerability to Hypertension Is a Major Determinant of
Racial Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease
Risk.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {35},
Number = {8},
Pages = {745-751},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpac063},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Higher incidence levels of Alzheimer's disease
(AD) in Black Americans are well documented. However,
quantitative explanations of this disparity in terms of
risk-factor diseases acting through well-defined pathways
are lacking. METHODS: We applied a Blinder-Oaxaca-based
algorithm modified for censored data to a 5% random sample
of Medicare beneficiaries age 65+ to explain Black/White
disparities in AD risk in terms of differences in exposure
and vulnerability to morbidity profiles based on 10 major
AD-risk-related diseases. RESULTS: The primary contribution
to racial disparities in AD risk comes from morbidity
profiles that included hypertension with about 1/5th of
their contribution due to differences in prevalence
(exposure effect) and 4/5ths to differences in the effects
of the morbidity profile on AD risk (vulnerability effect).
In total, disease-related effects explained a higher
proportion of AD incidence in Black Americans than in their
White counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Disease-related causes may
represent some of the most straightforward targets for
targeted interventions aimed at the reduction of racial
disparities in health among US older adults. Hypertension is
a manageable and potentially preventable condition
responsible for the majority of the Black/White differences
in AD risk, making mitigation of the role of this disease in
engendering higher AD incidence in Black Americans a
prominent concern.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpac063},
Key = {fds365173}
}
@article{fds363366,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Kertai,
MD},
Title = {Extended anesthesia exposure for abdominal and pelvic
procedures in older adults with colorectal cancer:
Associations with chart dementia diagnoses.},
Journal = {Exp Gerontol},
Volume = {164},
Pages = {111830},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2022.111830},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that cumulative anesthesia
exposure over the course of routine treatment of colorectal
cancer in older adults can increase long-term risk of
Alzheimer's disease (AD), Alzheimer's disease-related
dementias (ADRD), and other chronic neurocognitive disorders
(CND). METHODS: We conducted a SEER-Medicare-based
retrospective cohort study of 84,770 individuals age
65 years and older diagnosed with colorectal cancer between
1998 and 2007 using a proportional hazards model with
inverse probability weighted estimators. The primary
exploratory variable was a time-variant measure of
cumulative anesthesia exposure for abdominal and pelvic
procedures, updated continuously. RESULTS: Our primary
outcomes, AD and ADRD, occurred in 6005/84,770 (7.1%) and
14,414/83,444 (17.3%) individuals respectively. No
statistically significant association was found between
cumulative anesthesia exposure and AD (hazard ratio [HR],
0.993; 95% CI, 0.973-1.013). However, it was moderately
associated with the risk of ADRD (HR, 1.016; 95% CI,
1.004-1.029) and some secondary outcomes including most
notably: cerebral degeneration (HR, 1.048; 95% CI,
1.033-1.063), hepatic encephalopathy (HR, 1.133; 95% CI,
1.101-1.167), encephalopathy-not elsewhere classified
(HR,1.095; 95% CI: 1.076-1.115), and incident/perioperative
delirium (HR, 1.022; 95% CI, 1.012-1.032). Furthermore, we
observed an association between perioperative delirium and
increased risk of AD (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.92-2.09).
CONCLUSION: Cumulative anesthesia exposure for abdominal and
pelvic procedures was not associated with increased risk of
AD directly and had a small but statistically significant
association with ADRD and a number of other CNDs. Cumulative
anesthesia exposure was also associated with perioperative
delirium, which had an independent adverse association with
AD risk.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.exger.2022.111830},
Key = {fds363366}
}
@article{fds363974,
Author = {Yu, B and Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Yashin, AI and Lyerly, HK and Kravchenko, J},
Title = {Epidemiology of geographic disparities in heart failure
among US older adults: a Medicare-based analysis.},
Journal = {Bmc Public Health},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1280},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13639-2},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There are prominent geographic disparities in
the life expectancy (LE) of older US adults between the
states with the highest (leading states) and lowest
(lagging states) LE and their causes remain poorly
understood. Heart failure (HF) has been proposed as a major
contributor to these disparities. This study aims to
investigate geographic disparities in HF outcomes between
the leading and lagging states. METHODS: The study was a
secondary data analysis of HF outcomes in older US adults
aged 65+, using Center for Disease Control and Prevention
sponsored Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic
Research (CDC WONDER) database and a nationally
representative 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries over
2000-2017. Empiric estimates of death certificate-based
mortality from HF as underlying cause of death
(CBM-UCD)/multiple cause of death (CBM-MCD); HF
incidence-based mortality (IBM); HF incidence, prevalence,
and survival were compared between the leading and lagging
states. Cox regression was used to investigate the effect of
residence in the lagging states on HF incidence and
survival. RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2017, HF mortality rates
(per 100,000) were higher in the lagging states (CBM-UCD:
188.5-248.6; CBM-MCD: 749.4-965.9; IBM: 2656.0-2978.4) than
that in the leading states (CBM-UCD: 79.4-95.6; CBM-MCD:
441.4-574.1; IBM: 1839.5-2138.1). Compared to their leading
counterparts, lagging states had higher HF incidence
(2.9-3.9% vs. 2.2-2.9%), prevalence (15.6-17.2% vs.
11.3-13.0%), and pre-existing prevalence at age 65 (5.3-7.3%
vs. 2.8-4.1%). The most recent rates of one- (77.1% vs.
80.4%), three- (59.0% vs. 60.7%) and five-year (45.8% vs.
49.8%) survival were lower in the lagging states. A greater
risk of HF incidence (Adjusted Hazards Ratio, AHR [95%CI]:
1.29 [1.29-1.30]) and death after HF diagnosis (AHR: 1.12
[1.11-1.13]) was observed for populations in the lagging
states. The study also observed recent increases in CBMs
and HF incidence, and declines in HF prevalence,
prevalence at age 65 and survival with a decade-long plateau
stage in IBM in both leading and lagging states. CONCLUSION:
There are substantial geographic disparities in HF
mortality, incidence, prevalence, and survival across the
U.S.: HF incidence, prevalence at age 65 (age of Medicare
enrollment), and survival of patients with HF contributed
most to these disparities. The geographic disparities and
the recent increase in incidence and decline in survival
underscore the importance of HF prevention
strategies.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12889-022-13639-2},
Key = {fds363974}
}
@article{fds361336,
Author = {Nazarian, A and Arbeev, KG and Yashkin, AP and Kulminski,
AM},
Title = {Genome-wide analysis of genetic predisposition to common
polygenic cancers.},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},
Volume = {63},
Number = {2},
Pages = {315-325},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13353-021-00679-4},
Abstract = {Lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers are among the
most common and fatal malignancies worldwide. They are
mainly caused by multifactorial mechanisms and are
genetically heterogeneous. We investigated the genetic
architecture of these cancers through genome-wide
association, pathway-based, and summary-based transcriptome-/methylome-wide
association analyses using three independent cohorts. Our
genome-wide association analyses identified the associations
of 33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at
P < 5E - 06, of which 32 SNPs were not previously
reported and did not have proxy variants within
their ± 1 Mb flanking regions. Moreover, other
polymorphisms mapped to their closest genes were not
previously associated with the same cancers at
P < 5E - 06. Our pathway enrichment analyses
revealed associations of 32 pathways; mainly related to the
immune system, DNA replication/transcription, and
chromosomal organization; with the studied cancers. Also, 60
probes were associated with these cancers in our
transcriptome-wide and methylome-wide analyses.
The ± 1 Mb flanking regions of most probes had not
attained P < 5E - 06 in genome-wide association
studies. The genes corresponding to the significant probes
can be considered as potential targets for further
functional studies. Two genes (i.e., CDC14A and PMEL)
demonstrated stronger evidence of associations with lung
cancer as they had significant probes in both
transcriptome-wide and methylome-wide association analyses.
The novel cancer-associated SNPs and genes identified here
would advance our understanding of the genetic heterogeneity
of the common cancers.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13353-021-00679-4},
Key = {fds361336}
}
@article{fds368508,
Author = {Gary, KM and Hoque, M and Yashkin, AP and Yashin, AI and Akushevich,
I},
Title = {Does the Chronic Stress of Everyday Discrimination or Race
Itself Better Predict AD Onset Risk?},
Journal = {Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {23337214221142944},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23337214221142944},
Abstract = {Using evidence from the Health and Retirement Study, we
explore racial disparities in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) onset
risk. From a stress process perspective, there is
substantial evidence in the literature that everyday
discrimination is a chronic strain for Black individuals
that acts as a social determinant of illness. However, few
studies have examined specific relationships between this
social stressor, race, and AD onset risk. Using Cox
Proportional Hazard Models, we examined racial differences
in exposure and vulnerability to everyday discrimination.
Findings suggest that everyday discrimination predicts AD
onset risk, and Black individuals experience more frequent
exposure to everyday discrimination as a chronic strain.
However, contrary to the stress process model, Black
respondents were not more vulnerable to the effect of
everyday discrimination on AD onset risk. Racial bias from
medical professionals during the diagnostic process and
mortality selection bias may explain this effect. Overall,
the results of this study provide further evidence that
discrimination is a key factor in predicting AD while also
considering that many racial minorities with high rates of
this type of social stress may not receive an unbiased
diagnosis and/or survive to late life to develop
AD.},
Doi = {10.1177/23337214221142944},
Key = {fds368508}
}
@misc{fds370818,
Author = {Ukraintseva, S and Popov, V and Duan, H and Yashkin, A and Akushevich,
I and Arbeev, K and Yashin, A},
Title = {ADULT INFECTIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER RISK OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BUT LOWER RISK OF CANCER},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {765-766},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370818}
}
@misc{fds370819,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko, J},
Title = {GEOGRAPHIC DISPARITIES IN INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {2-2},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370819}
}
@misc{fds370820,
Author = {Ukraintseva, S and Arbeev, K and Duan, H and Holmes, R and Akushevich,
I and Yashkin, A and Whitson, H and Yashin, A},
Title = {PATTERNS OF AGING CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT AND BMI MAY PREDICT
CHANCES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND LONGEVITY},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {326-326},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370820}
}
@misc{fds370817,
Author = {Yashkin, A and Akushevich, I and Yashin, A and Gorbunova, G and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {FUNGAL INFECTIONS, USE OF ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS, AND THE RISK OF
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {1-2},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370817}
}
@misc{fds370821,
Author = {Arbeev, K and Bagley, O and Yashkin, A and Duan, H and Nalawade, V and Akushevich, I and Ukraintseva, S and Yashin, A},
Title = {ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND COMORBIDITIES: A COMPLEX INTERPLAY
IN THE CONTEXT OF AGING},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {49-50},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370821}
}
@misc{fds370822,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kovtun, M and Kravchenko, J and Arbeev,
K and Yashin, A},
Title = {FORECASTING PREVALENCE AND MORTALITY OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
AND RELATED DEMENTIAS USING PARTITIONING
MODELS},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {472-472},
Year = {2022},
Key = {fds370822}
}
@article{fds366756,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Kertai,
MD},
Title = {Chemotherapy and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in
Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Evidence From the Medicare
System.},
Journal = {Jco Oncol Pract},
Volume = {17},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e1649-e1659},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/OP.20.00729},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Evidence on the nature of the relationship between
patients receiving chemotherapy as an essential part of
guideline-concordant cancer care and the onset of
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other adverse cognitive
outcomes has been mixed. Biological mechanisms were proposed
to support both a potentially beneficial and an adverse
role. To explore the relationship between chemotherapy and
onset of AD and other neurocognitive disorders (ND) in
colorectal cancer survivors. METHODS: We conducted a
retrospective cohort study of 135,834 individuals older than
65 years diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1998 and
2007, using SEER-Medicare data. A proportional hazards model
was used before and after the use of inverse probability
weighting to account for populational differences between
the chemotherapy and nonchemotherapy groups. Weights were
normalized to the total sample size. RESULTS: After inverse
probability weighting, chemotherapy was associated with
decreased AD risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.791; 95% CI: 0.758
to 0.824) and lower risk for the majority of other ND
including AD-related diseases (HR: 0.823; CI: 0.802 to
0.844), dementia (permanent mental disorder) (HR: 0.807; CI:
0.782 to 0.832), and dementia (senile) (HR: 0.772; CI: 0.745
to 0.801). The only adverse effect to remain significant was
cerebral degeneration (excluding AD) (HR: 1.067; CI: 1.033
to 1.102). The effects for AD remained after treatment was
stratified by chemotherapy agent type and remained
significant for up to 6 years past diagnosis. CONCLUSION:
Chemotherapy use in colorectal cancer survivors demonstrated
an association with reduced risk for AD and other
ND.},
Doi = {10.1200/OP.20.00729},
Key = {fds366756}
}
@article{fds366757,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Yashin, AI and Kravchenko,
J},
Title = {Geographic disparities in mortality from Alzheimer's disease
and related dementias.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {69},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2306-2315},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17215},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>The regions with highest and lowest
Alzheimer's disease (AD) mortality across the United States
at state/county levels were identified and their
contribution to the differences in total mortality rates
between these regions was evaluated. The disease, disease
group, sex, race/ethnicity, and place-of-death-related
inter-region differences that engender the disparity in
mortality were quantitatively described. The hypothesis that
inter-regional differences in filling out death certificates
are a major contributor to differences in AD mortality was
tested.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective evaluation of death
certificate data.<h4>Setting</h4>The United
States.<h4>Participants</h4>Deceased US residents,
1999-2018.<h4>Methods</h4>Region-specific age-adjusted
mortality rates and group-specific rate decomposition.<h4>Results</h4>The
county clusters with the highest and lowest AD mortality
rates were in Washington (WA) and New York (NY),
respectively, with other notable high-mortality clusters on
the border of Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama as well as in
North Dakota and South Dakota. These patterns were stable
over the 1999-2018 period. AD had the highest contribution
to total mortality difference between WA and NY (156%,
higher in WA), in contrast circulatory diseases had a
contribution of comparable magnitude (154%) but were higher
in NY. Differences in cause-of-death certificate coding,
either through coding of non-AD dementias, or other
conditions accompanying a potential AD death could not
account for differences in AD mortality between NY and
WA.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Inter-regional differences in filling
out death certificates were not a major contributor to
variation in AD mortality between the regions with the
highest and lowest rates. The respective mitigation of the
effects of neural and circulatory diseases and several other
high-impact conditions would not negate the disparity in
mortality between NY and WA.},
Doi = {10.1111/jgs.17215},
Key = {fds366757}
}
@article{fds366758,
Author = {Yashin, AI and Wu, D and Arbeev, K and Bagley, O and Akushevich, I and Duan, M and Yashkin, A and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {Interplay between stress-related genes may influence
Alzheimer's disease development: The results of genetic
interaction analyses of human data.},
Journal = {Mechanisms of Ageing and Development},
Volume = {196},
Pages = {111477},
Year = {2021},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2021.111477},
Abstract = {Emerging evidence from experimental and clinical research
suggests that stress-related genes may play key roles in AD
development. The fact that genome-wide association studies
were not able to detect a contribution of such genes to AD
indicates the possibility that these genes may influence AD
non-linearly, through interactions of their products. In
this paper, we selected two stress-related genes
(GCN2/EIF2AK4 and APP) based on recent findings from
experimental studies which suggest that the interplay
between these genes might influence AD in humans. To test
this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of interactions
between SNPs in these two genes on AD occurrence, using the
Health and Retirement Study data on white indidividuals. We
found several interacting SNP-pairs whose associations with
AD remained statistically significant after correction for
multiple testing. These findings emphasize the importance of
nonlinear mechanisms of polygenic AD regulation that cannot
be detected in traditional association studies. To estimate
collective effects of multiple interacting SNP-pairs on AD,
we constructed a new composite index, called Interaction
Polygenic Risk Score, and showed that its association with
AD is highly statistically significant. These results open a
new avenue in the analyses of mechanisms of complex
multigenic AD regulation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mad.2021.111477},
Key = {fds366758}
}
@article{fds366759,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Greenup, RA and Gorbunova, G and Akushevich, I and Oeffinger, KC and Hwang, ES},
Title = {Outcomes and Costs for Women After Breast Cancer: Preparing
for Improved Survivorship of Medicare Beneficiaries.},
Journal = {Jco Oncol Pract},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e469-e478},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/OP.20.00155},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Increasing health care costs, longer life
expectancy, improved breast cancer (BC) survival, and higher
levels of complex comorbidities have important implications
for future Medicare expenditures. METHODS: Data from the
SEER program linked to Medicare claims records were used.
Women with BC (cases) were categorized into 3 groups on the
basis of their year of diagnosis (1998, 2003, or 2008) and
were propensity score matched to women without a BC
diagnosis (controls). All stage and stage-specific
longitudinal changes in survival, morbidity levels using the
Elixhauser index, and Medicare expenditures in 2018 dollars
were calculated and compared. RESULTS: More than 15% of BC
cases were diagnosed in patients over the age of 85 years.
The prevalence of most comorbidities increased over time.
Costs among cases increased between 1998 and 2008. Spending
directly correlated with the stage of disease at diagnosis,
with the lowest per-patient costs in the ductal carcinoma in
situ (DCIS) subgroup ($14,792 in 1998 and $19,652 in 2008)
and the highest in those with distant cancer ($37,667 in
1998 and $43,675 in 2008). Assuming no significant changes
in the distribution of BC stage or age at diagnosis, the
total annual costs of caring for patients with BC in women
65 years of age or older at diagnosis increased by at least
$1.1 billion between 1998 and 2008. CONCLUSION: Improvements
in BC survivorship are associated with intensive use of
health care resources and substantially higher downstream
costs among Medicare beneficiaries. Appropriate planning, in
both the fiscal and the oncology care infrastructure, is
required to prepare the health system for these emerging
health care trends.},
Doi = {10.1200/OP.20.00155},
Key = {fds366759}
}
@article{fds366761,
Author = {Ukraintseva, S and Duan, M and Arbeev, K and Wu, D and Bagley, O and Yashkin, AP and Gorbunova, G and Akushevich, I and Kulminski, A and Yashin, A},
Title = {Interactions Between Genes From Aging Pathways May Influence
Human Lifespan and Improve Animal to Human
Translation.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
Volume = {9},
Pages = {692020},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.692020},
Abstract = {A major goal of aging research is identifying genetic
targets that could be used to slow or reverse aging -
changes in the body and extend limits of human lifespan.
However, majority of genes that showed the anti-aging and
pro-survival effects in animal models were not replicated in
humans, with few exceptions. Potential reasons for this lack
of translation include a highly conditional character of
genetic influence on lifespan, and its heterogeneity,
meaning that better survival may be result of not only
activity of individual genes, but also gene-environment and
gene-gene interactions, among other factors. In this paper,
we explored associations of genetic interactions with human
lifespan. We selected candidate genes from well-known aging
pathways (IGF1/FOXO growth signaling, P53/P16
apoptosis/senescence, and mTOR/SK6 autophagy and survival)
that jointly decide on outcomes of cell responses to stress
and damage, and so could be prone to interactions. We
estimated associations of pairwise statistical epistasis
between SNPs in these genes with survival to age 85+ in the
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, and found
significant (FDR < 0.05) effects of interactions between
SNPs in <i>IGF1R</i>, <i>TGFBR2</i>, and <i>BCL2</i> on
survival 85+. We validated these findings in the
Cardiovascular Health Study sample, with <i>P</i> < 0.05,
using survival to age 85+, and to the 90th percentile, as
outcomes. Our results show that interactions between SNPs in
genes from the aging pathways influence survival more
significantly than individual SNPs in the same genes, which
may contribute to heterogeneity of lifespan, and to lack of
animal to human translation in aging research.},
Doi = {10.3389/fcell.2021.692020},
Key = {fds366761}
}
@article{fds370604,
Author = {Yashin, AI and Wu, D and Arbeev, K and Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Bagley, O and Duan, M and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {Roles of interacting stress-related genes in lifespan
regulation: insights for translating experimental findings
to humans.},
Journal = {Journal of Translational Genetics and Genomics},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {357-379},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {<h4>Aim</h4>Experimental studies provided numerous evidence
that caloric/dietary restriction may improve health and
increase the lifespan of laboratory animals, and that the
interplay among molecules that sense cellular stress signals
and those regulating cell survival can play a crucial role
in cell response to nutritional stressors. However, it is
unclear whether the interplay among corresponding genes also
plays a role in human health and lifespan.<h4>Methods</h4>Literature
about roles of cellular stressors have been reviewed, such
as amino acid deprivation, and the integrated stress
response (ISR) pathway in health and aging. Single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two candidate genes
(<i>GCN2/EIF2AK4</i> and <i>CHOP/DDIT3</i>) that are closely
involved in the cellular stress response to amino acid
starvation, have been selected using information from
experimental studies. Associations of these SNPs and their
interactions with human survival in the Health and
Retirement Study data have been estimated. The impact of
collective associations of multiple interacting SNP pairs on
survival has been evaluated, using a recently developed
composite index: the <i>SNP-specific Interaction Polygenic
Risk Score</i> (SIPRS).<h4>Results</h4>Significant
interactions have been found between SNPs from
<i>GCN2/EIF2AK4</i> and <i>CHOP/DDI3T</i> genes that were
associated with survival 85+ compared to survival between
ages 75 and 85 in the total sample (males and females
combined) and in females only. This may reflect sex
differences in genetic regulation of the human lifespan.
Highly statistically significant associations of SIPRS
[constructed for the rs16970024 (GCN2/EIF2AK4) and rs697221
(CHOP/DDIT3)] with survival in both sexes also been found in
this study.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Identifying associations of
the genetic interactions with human survival is an important
step in translating the knowledge from experimental to human
aging research. Significant associations of multiple SNPxSNP
interactions in ISR genes with survival to the oldest old
age that have been found in this study, can help uncover
mechanisms of multifactorial regulation of human lifespan
and its heterogeneity.},
Key = {fds370604}
}
@article{fds366760,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Yashin,
AI},
Title = {Analysis of Time Trends in Alzheimer's Disease and Related
Dementias Using Partitioning Approach.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {82},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1277-1289},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-210273},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Understanding the dynamics of epidemiologic
trends in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias
(ADRD) and their epidemiologic causes is vital to providing
important insights into reducing the burden associated with
these conditions. OBJECTIVE: To model the time trends in
age-adjusted AD/ADRD prevalence and incidence-based
mortality (IBM), and identify the main causes of the changes
in these measures over time in terms of interpretable
epidemiologic quantities. METHODS: Trend decomposition was
applied to a 5%sample of Medicare beneficiaries between 1991
and 2017. RESULTS: Prevalence of AD was increasing between
1992 and 2011 and declining thereafter, while IBM increased
over the study period with a significant slowdown in its
rate of growth from 2011 onwards. For ADRD, prevalence and
IBM increased through 2014 prior to taking a downwards turn.
The primary determinant responsible for declines in
prevalence and IBM was the deceleration in the increase and
eventual decrease in incidence rates though changes in
relative survival began to affect the overall trends in
prevalence/IBM in a noticeable manner after 2008. Other
components showed only minor effects. CONCLUSION: The
prevalence and IBM of ADRD is expected to continue to
decrease. The directions of these trends for AD are not
clear because AD incidence, the main contributing component,
is decreasing but at a decreasing rate suggesting a possible
reversal. Furthermore, emerging treatments may contribute
through their effects on survival. Improving ascertainment
of AD played an important role in trends of AD/ADRD over the
1991-2009/10 period but this effect has exhausted itself by
2017.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-210273},
Key = {fds366760}
}
@misc{fds370823,
Author = {Yashin, A and Wu, D and Arbeev, K and Bagley, O and Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Duan, M and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN STRESS RELATED GENES AND ITS ROLE IN
HUMAN LONGEVITY: INSIGHTS FOR TRANSLATIONAL
STUDIES},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {668-668},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370823}
}
@misc{fds370824,
Author = {Yashin, A and Wu, D and Arbeev, K and Bagley, O and Akushevich, I and Duan,
M and Yashkin, A and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS OF THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN STRESS
RELATED GENES WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {637-638},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370824}
}
@misc{fds370825,
Author = {Nikitin, SK and Yashkin, A and Akushevich, I},
Title = {LINKS OF AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISORDERS TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
FOR MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES AGES 65+},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {303-303},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370825}
}
@misc{fds370826,
Author = {Yu, B and Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko,
J},
Title = {EPIDEMIOLOGIC DETERMINANTS OF DYNAMICS IN HEART FAILURE
PREVALENCE AND MORTALITY IN OLDER US ADULTS},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {163-163},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370826}
}
@misc{fds370827,
Author = {Yashkin, A and Gorbunova, G and Yashin, A and Akushevich,
I},
Title = {IMPLICATIONS OF RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE SHIFTS IN THE
SETTING OF CARE FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
DEMENTIAS},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {644-645},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370827}
}
@misc{fds370828,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko, J},
Title = {GEOGRAPHIC DISPARITIES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MORTALITY IN
FEMALES WITH BREAST CANCER},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {59-60},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370828}
}
@misc{fds370829,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Nikitin, SK and Kravchenko,
J},
Title = {THE EFFECT OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
AND COGNITIVE DECLINE IN VETERANS AND NON-VETERANS},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {304-304},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370829}
}
@misc{fds370830,
Author = {Yashkin, A and Yashin, A and Gorbunova, G and Akushevich,
I},
Title = {RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ON
ADHERENCE TO MEDICATION THERAPY FOR CHRONIC
DISEASES},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {60-60},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370830}
}
@misc{fds370831,
Author = {Nikitin, SK and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko, J and Akushevich,
I},
Title = {CAUSES OF THE RACIAL DISPARITIES IN THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER'S
DISEASE},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {59-59},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370831}
}
@misc{fds370832,
Author = {Yashkin, A},
Title = {USING ADMINISTRATIVE CLAIMS TO MODEL HEALTH-RELATED
BEHAVIORS: MEASURES OF SCREENING AND MEDICATION
ADHERENCE},
Journal = {Innovation in Aging},
Volume = {5},
Pages = {274-274},
Year = {2021},
Key = {fds370832}
}
@article{fds352299,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Inman,
BA},
Title = {The Cost to Medicare of Bladder Cancer Care.},
Journal = {Eur Urol Oncol},
Volume = {3},
Number = {4},
Pages = {515-522},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2019.01.015},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer care is costly, including cost to
Medicare, but the medical cost associated with bladder
cancer patients relative to identical persons without
bladder cancer is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine
incremental bladder cancer cost to Medicare and the impact
of diagnosis stage and bladder cancer survival on cost.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A case-control study was
conducted using 1998-2013 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End
Results-Medicare data. Controls were propensity score
matched for diagnosis year, age, gender, race, and 31
Elixhauser Comorbidity Index values. Three incident cohorts,
1998 (n=3136), 2003 (n=7000), and 2008 (n=7002), were
compared. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
Survival following diagnosis and Medicare payments (in 2018
dollars) were tabulated, and compared between cases and
controls. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: From 1998 to 2008,
bladder cancer patients became older and had more
comorbidities at diagnosis, although no stage migration or
change in survival occurred. Incremental costs (above those
associated with controls) were highest during the 1st year
after diagnosis and were higher for distant ($47533) than
for regional ($42403) or localized ($14304) cancer. Bladder
cancer survival was highly stage dependent. After an initial
spike in costs lasting 1-2yrs, monthly costs dropped in
survivors but remained higher than for controls. Long-term
survivors in the full sample accrued cumulative Medicare
costs of $172426 over 16yrs-46% higher than for controls.
Limitations include omission of indirect costs and reliance
on traditional Medicare. CONCLUSIONS: While a bladder cancer
diagnosis incurs initial high Medicare cost, particularly in
patients with advanced cancers, the cumulative costs of
bladder cancer in long-term survivors are higher still.
Bladder cancer prevention saves Medicare money. However,
while early detection, better therapies, and life extension
of bladder cancer patients are worthwhile goals, they come
at the cost of higher Medicare outlays. PATIENT SUMMARY: The
lifetime cost of bladder cancer, reflecting surveillance,
treatment, and management of complications, is substantial.
Since care is ongoing, cost increases with the length of
life after diagnosis as well as the severity of initial
diagnosis.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euo.2019.01.015},
Key = {fds352299}
}
@article{fds350513,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Inman, BA and Sloan,
F},
Title = {Partitioning of time trends in prevalence and mortality of
bladder cancer in the United States.},
Journal = {Ann Epidemiol},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {25-29},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.006},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relative
contributions of incidence, stage-specific relative
survival, and stage ascertainment to changes in bladder
cancer (BC) prevalence and incidence-based mortality.
METHODS: Partitioning of prevalence and incidence-based
mortality trends into their epidemiologic components.
RESULTS: BC prevalence estimated from our model increased
but at monotonically decreasing rates until 2007, after
which it decreased again. The main forces underlying
observed trends in BC prevalence were relative BC survival,
which improved throughout the period, and BC incidence,
which increased at a decreasing rate until 2005 and declined
thereafter. Mortality of persons ever diagnosed with BC
increased at an increasing rate until 1997, increased at a
decreasing rate from 1997 to 2005, and decreased thereafter.
The primary forces accounting for mortality trends were
changes in mortality in the general population, which
improved at an increasing rate during most of 1992-2010, the
most important factor, and changes in incidence. Stage
ascertainment did not improve during 1992-2010. CONCLUSIONS:
Although mortality rates improved, these gains largely
reflected improvements in U.S. population survival rather
than from improvements in BC-specific outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.006},
Key = {fds350513}
}
@article{fds347334,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Inman,
BA},
Title = {Longitudinal patterns of cost and utilization of medicare
beneficiaries with bladder cancer.},
Journal = {Urol Oncol},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {39.e11-39.e19},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.016},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is highly prevalent and
costly. This study documented cost and use of services for
BC care and for other (non-BC) care received over a 15-year
follow-up period by a cohort of Medicare beneficiaries
diagnosed with BC in 1998. METHODS: Data came from the
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program linked to
Medicare claims. Medicare claims provided data on diagnoses,
services provided, and Medicare Parts A and B payments. Cost
was actual Medicare payments to providers inflated to 2018
US$. Cost and utilization were BC-related if the claim
contained a BC diagnosis code. Otherwise, costs were for
"other care." For utilization, we grouped Part B-covered
services into 6 mutually-exclusive categories. Utilization
rates were ratios of the count of claims in a particular
category during a follow-up year divided by the number of
beneficiaries with BC surviving to year-end. RESULTS:
Cumulatively over 15-years, for all stages combined, total
BC-related cost per BC beneficiary was $42,011 (95%
Confidence Interval (CI): $42,405-$43,417); other care cost
was about twice this number. Cumulative total BC-related
cost of 15-year BC survivors for all stages was $43,770 (CI:
$39,068-$48,522), intensity of BC-related care was highest
during the first year following BC diagnosis, falling
substantially thereafter. After follow-up year 5, there were
few statistically significant changes in BC-related
utilization. Utilization of other care remained constant
during follow-up or increased. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial
costs were incurred for non-BC care. While increasing BC
survivorship is an important objective, non-BC care would
remain a burden to Medicare.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.016},
Key = {fds347334}
}
@article{fds366762,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Greenup, RA and Hwang,
ES},
Title = {A medicare-based comparative mortality analysis of active
surveillance in older women with DCIS.},
Journal = {Npj Breast Cancer},
Volume = {6},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41523-020-00199-0},
Abstract = {Over 97% of individuals diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in
situ (DCIS) will choose to receive guideline concordant care
(GCC), which was originally designed to treat invasive
cancers and is associated with treatment related morbidity.
An alternative to GCC is active surveillance (AS) where
therapy is delayed until medically necessary. Differences in
mortality risk between the two approaches in women age 65+
are analyzed in this study. SEER and Medicare information on
treatment during the first year after diagnosis was used to
identify three cohorts based on treatment type and timing:
GCC (N = 21,772; immediate consent for treatment), AS1
(N = 431; delayed treatment within 365 days), and AS2
(N = 205; no treatment/ongoing AS). A propensity
score-based approach provided pseudorandomization between
GCC and AS groups and survival was then compared. Strong
influence of comorbidities on the treatment received was
observed for all age-groups, with the greatest burden
observed in the AS2 group. All-cause and
breast-cancer-specific mortality hazard ratios (HR) for AS1
were not statistically different from the GCC group; AS2 was
associated with notably higher risk for both all-cause
(HR:3.54; CI:3.29, 3.82) and breast-cancer-specific
(HR:10.73; CI:8.63,13.35) mortality. Cumulative mortality
was substantially higher from other causes than from breast
cancer, regardless of treatment group. Women managed with AS
for DCIS had higher all-cause and breast-cancer-specific
mortality. This effect declined after accounting for
baseline comorbidities. Delays of up to 12 months in
initiation of GCC did not underperform immediate
surgery.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41523-020-00199-0},
Key = {fds366762}
}
@article{fds343334,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Kravchenko, J and Yashkin, AP and Fang, F and Yashin,
AI},
Title = {Partitioning of time trends in prevalence and mortality of
lung cancer.},
Journal = {Stat Med},
Volume = {38},
Number = {17},
Pages = {3184-3203},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.8170},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Time trends of lung cancer prevalence and
mortality are the result of three competing processes:
changes in the incidence rate, stage-specific survival, and
ascertainment at early stages. Improvements in these
measures act concordantly to improve disease-related
mortality, but push the prevalence rate in opposite
directions making a qualitative interpretation difficult.
The goal of this paper is to evaluate the relative
contributions of these components to changes in lung cancer
prevalence and mortality. METHODS: Partitioning of
prevalence and mortality trends into their components using
SEER data for 1973-2013. RESULTS: The prevalence of lung
cancer increases for females and decreases for males. In
1998, the former was due to increased incidence (45%-50% of
total trend), improved survival (40%-45%), and increased
ascertainment at early stages (10%-15%). In males, a rapidly
declining incidence rate overpowered the effects of survival
and ascertainment resulting in an overall decrease in
prevalence over time. Trends in lung cancer mortality are
determined by incidence during 1993-2002 with noticeable
contribution of survival after 2002. CONCLUSION: Lung cancer
incidence was the main driving force behind trends in
prevalence and mortality. Improved survival played essential
role from 2000 onwards. Trends in stage ascertainment played
a small but adverse role. Our results suggest that further
improvement in lung cancer mortality can be achieved through
advances in early stage ascertainment, especially for males,
and that in spite of success in treatment, adenocarcinoma
continues to exhibit adverse trends (especially in female
incidence) and its role among other histology-specific lung
cancers will increase in the near future.},
Doi = {10.1002/sim.8170},
Key = {fds343334}
}
@article{fds342134,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {A forecasting model of disease prevalence based on the
McKendrick-von Foerster equation.},
Journal = {Math Biosci},
Volume = {311},
Pages = {31-38},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2018.12.017},
Abstract = {A new model for disease prevalence based on the analytical
solutions of McKendric-von Foerster's partial differential
equations is developed. Derivation of the model and methods
to cross check obtained results are explicitly demonstrated.
Obtained equations describe the time evolution of the
healthy and unhealthy age-structured sub-populations and age
patterns of disease prevalence. The projection of disease
prevalence into the future requires estimates of time trends
of age-specific disease incidence, relative survival
functions, and prevalence at the initial age and year
available in the data. The computational scheme for
parameter estimations using Medicare data, analytical
properties of the model, application for diabetes
prevalence, and relationship with partitioning models are
described and discussed. The model allows natural
generalization for the case of several diseases as well as
for modeling time trends in cause-specific mortality
rates.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mbs.2018.12.017},
Key = {fds342134}
}
@article{fds343590,
Author = {Nazarian, A and Arbeev, KG and Yashkin, AP and Kulminski,
AM},
Title = {Genetic heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease in subjects
with and without hypertension.},
Journal = {Geroscience},
Volume = {41},
Number = {2},
Pages = {137-154},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11357-019-00071-5},
Abstract = {Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative
disorder caused by the interplay of multiple genetic and
non-genetic factors. Hypertension is one of the AD risk
factors that has been linked to underlying pathological
changes like senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
formation as well as hippocampal atrophy. In this study, we
investigated the differences in the genetic architecture of
AD between hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects in
four independent cohorts. Our genome-wide association
analyses revealed significant associations of 15 novel
potentially AD-associated polymorphisms (P < 5E-06) that
were located outside the chromosome 19q13 region and were
significant either in hypertensive or non-hypertensive
groups. The closest genes to 14 polymorphisms were not
associated with AD at P < 5E-06 in previous genome-wide
association studies (GWAS). Also, four of them were located
within two chromosomal regions (i.e., 3q13.11 and 17q21.2)
that were not associated with AD at P < 5E-06 before. In
addition, 30 genes demonstrated evidence of group-specific
associations with AD at the false discovery rates (FDR)
< 0.05 in our gene-based and transcriptome-wide
association analyses. The chromosomal regions corresponding
to four genes (i.e., 2p13.1, 9p13.3, 17q12, and 18q21.1)
were not associated with AD at P < 5E-06 in previous
GWAS. These genes may serve as a list of prioritized
candidates for future functional studies. Our
pathway-enrichment analyses revealed the associations of 11
non-group-specific and four group-specific pathways with AD
at FDR < 0.05. These findings provided novel insights
into the potential genetic heterogeneity of AD among
subjects with and without hypertension.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11357-019-00071-5},
Key = {fds343590}
}
@misc{fds370833,
Author = {Greenup, RA and Yashkin, A and Gorbunova, G and Akusevich, I and Hwang,
ES},
Title = {Abstract PD6-08: Medicare costs for women after breast
cancer: Preparing for survivorship},
Journal = {Cancer Research},
Volume = {79},
Number = {4_Supplement},
Publisher = {American Association for Cancer Research
(AACR)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd6-08},
Abstract = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>BACKGROUND</jats:p>
<jats:p>Improvements in breast cancer survival and
increasing population life expectancy have resulted in a
growing number of women receiving subsequent health care
after breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. We sought to
determine the magnitude of increases in healthcare costs
related to breast cancer survivorship, in anticipation of
predicted increases in enrollment, higher intensity
utilization, and greater healthcare spending among Medicare
beneficiaries.</jats:p> <jats:p>METHODS</jats:p>
<jats:p>Women age 65+ diagnosed with stage 0-III breast
cancer in 1998, 2003 or 2008, were identified from the SEER
database linked to Medicare records. After restrictions they
were propensity score matched to a comparable group of
non-breast-cancer women on demographic characteristics and
co-morbidities at time of diagnosis based on the Elixhauser
co-morbidity index. Line payments to care providers were
then calculated for the first year of care after diagnosis
(cases only) as well as years 2-6, 8-11 and 12-16
post-diagnosis (cases and controls). Direct Medicare costs
were adjusted for inflation using the experimental Medicare
costs Price Index and compared under real world and
alternative survival scenarios.</jats:p>
<jats:p>RESULTS</jats:p> <jats:p>Overall, the costs of care
were progressively higher in later cohorts across all time
periods. Differences in survivorship were the primary driver
of differences in costs between breast cancer cases and
controls. All-stage costs in years 2-6 were higher in the
cancer group ($2,499, $10,261 and $12,029 higher per-person
in 1998, 2003 and 2008 respectively), however, higher
mortality in the cancer group reduced the costs and quantity
of care received in later years [years 7-11 ($2,183 lower
per-person in 1998) and 12-16 ($2,431 lower per-person in
1998)]. In pairs with identical survival, costs in the
cancer group were significantly higher than in matched
non-breast-cancer controls across all time periods (years
2-6: $4,799, $9,545 and $12,245 higher in 1998/2003/2008;
years 7-11: $2,922 and $5,597 higher in 1998/2003).
Stratification by stage changed the magnitude but not the
general pattern of our results. The first year of care in
2003 was on average $4,933 dollars higher than in 1998; in
2008 costs again increased by $4,223 per-person. In years
2-6 the cost of cancer care increased by $12,440 (2003 vs
1998) and $3,456 (2008 vs 2003) per-person; Finally, cancer
care for years 7-11 in 2003 $3,964 higher than in 1998
per-person.</jats:p> <jats:p>CONCLUSION</jats:p>
<jats:p>Improved breast cancer survival and increased
overall life expectancy among women in the United States
will contribute to higher Medicare expenditures. Future
risk-based capitation schemes should account for these
advancements when preparing for healthcare delivery after
cancer.</jats:p> <jats:p>Citation Format: Greenup RA,
Yashkin A, Gorbunova G, Akusevich I, Hwang ES. Medicare
costs for women after breast cancer: Preparing for
survivorship [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San
Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio,
TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4
Suppl):Abstract nr PD6-08.</jats:p>},
Doi = {10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd6-08},
Key = {fds370833}
}
@misc{fds370834,
Author = {Arbeev, KG and Bagley, O and Duan, H and Yashkin, AP and Kulminski, AM and Culminskaya, IV and Ukraintseva, SV and Yashin,
AI},
Title = {Genetics of the measure of physiological dysregulation:
findings from the health and retirement study},
Journal = {Genetic Epidemiology},
Volume = {42},
Number = {7},
Pages = {687-687},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds370834}
}
@article{fds335441,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Kravchenko, J and Yashkin, AP and Yashin,
AI},
Title = {Time trends in the prevalence of cancer and non-cancer
diseases among older U.S. adults: Medicare-based
analysis.},
Journal = {Exp Gerontol},
Volume = {110},
Pages = {267-276},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.017},
Abstract = {Longer lifespan is accompanied by a larger number of chronic
diseases among older adults. Because of a growing proportion
of older adults in the U.S., this brings the problem of
age-related morbidity to the forefront as a major
contributor to rising medical expenditures. We evaluated
15-year time trends (from 1998 to 2013) in the prevalence of
48 acute and chronic non-cancer diseases and cancers in
older U.S. adults aged 65+ and estimated the annual
percentage changes of these prevalence trends using
SEER-Medicare and HRS-Medicare data. We found that
age-adjusted prevalence of cancers of kidney, pancreas, and
melanoma, as well as diabetes, renal disease, limb fracture,
depression, anemia, weight deficiency, dementia/Alzheimer's
disease, drug/medications abuse and several other
diseases/conditions increased over time. Conversely,
prevalence of myocardial infarction, heart failure,
cardiomyopathy, pneumonia/influenza, peptic ulcer, and
gastrointestinal bleeding, among others, decreased over
time. There are also diseases whose prevalence did not
change substantially over time, e.g., a group of fast
progressing cancers and rheumatoid arthritis. Analysis of
trends of multiple diseases performed simultaneously within
one study design with focus on the same time interval and
the same population for all diseases allowed us to provide
insight into the epidemiology of these conditions and
identify the most alarming and/or unexpected trends and
trade-offs. The obtained results can be used for health
expenditures planning for growing sector of older adults in
the U.S.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.017},
Key = {fds335441}
}
@article{fds330152,
Author = {Yashin, AI and Fang, F and Kovtun, M and Wu, D and Duan, M and Arbeev, K and Akushevich, I and Kulminski, A and Culminskaya, I and Zhbannikov, I and Yashkin, A and Stallard, E and Ukraintseva, S},
Title = {Hidden heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: Insights from
genetic association studies and other analyses.},
Journal = {Experimental Gerontology},
Volume = {107},
Pages = {148-160},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.020},
Abstract = {Despite evident success in clarifying many important
features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) the efficient methods
of its prevention and treatment are not yet available. The
reasons are likely to be the fact that AD is a
multifactorial and heterogeneous health disorder with
multiple alternative pathways of disease development and
progression. The availability of genetic data on individuals
participated in longitudinal studies of aging health and
longevity, as well as on participants of cross-sectional
case-control studies allow for investigating genetic and
non-genetic connections with AD and to link the results of
these analyses with research findings obtained in clinical,
experimental, and molecular biological studies of this
health disorder. The objective of this paper is to perform
GWAS of AD in several study populations and investigate
possible roles of detected genetic factors in developing AD
hallmarks and in other health disorders. The data collected
in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), Cardiovascular Health
Study (CHS), Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and Late
Onset Alzheimer's Disease Family Study (LOADFS) were used in
these analyses. The logistic regression and Cox's regression
were used as statistical models in GWAS. The results of
analyses confirmed strong associations of genetic variants
from well-known genes APOE, TOMM40, PVRL2 (NECTIN2), and
APOC1 with AD. Possible roles of these genes in pathological
mechanisms resulting in development of hallmarks of AD are
described. Many genes whose connection with AD was detected
in other studies showed nominally significant associations
with this health disorder in our study. The evidence on
genetic connections between AD and vulnerability to
infection, as well as between AD and other health disorders,
such as cancer and type 2 diabetes, were investigated. The
progress in uncovering hidden heterogeneity in AD would be
substantially facilitated if common mechanisms involved in
development of AD, its hallmarks, and AD related chronic
conditions were investigated in their mutual
connection.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.020},
Key = {fds330152}
}
@article{fds333664,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Identifying the causes of the changes in the prevalence
patterns of diabetes in older U.S. adults: A new trend
partitioning approach.},
Journal = {J Diabetes Complications},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {362-367},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.12.014},
Abstract = {AIMS: To identify how efforts to control the diabetes
epidemic and the resulting changes in diabetes mellitus,
type II (T2D) incidence and survival have affected the
time-trend of T2D prevalence. METHODS: A newly developed
method of trend decomposition was applied to a 5% sample of
Medicare administrative claims filed between 1991 and 2012.
RESULTS: Age-adjusted prevalence of T2D for adults age 65+
increased at an average annual percentage change of 2.31%
between 1992 and 2012. Primary contributors to this trend
were (in order of magnitude): improved survival at all ages,
increased prevalence of T2D prior to age of Medicare
eligibility, decreased incidence of T2D after age of
Medicare eligibility. CONCLUSIONS: Health services supported
by the Medicare system, coupled with improvements in medical
technology and T2D awareness efforts provide effective care
for individuals age 65 and older. However, policy maker
attention should be shifted to the prevention of T2D in
younger age groups to control the increase in prevalence
observed prior to Medicare eligibility.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.12.014},
Key = {fds333664}
}
@article{fds333203,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Sloan, F},
Title = {Adherence to Guidelines for Screening and Medication Use:
Mortality and Onset of Major Macrovascular Complications in
Elderly Persons With Diabetes Mellitus.},
Journal = {Journal of Aging and Health},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-520},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316684270},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study is to
investigate relationships between adherence to recommended
screening and medication use and severe macrovascular
complications and all-cause mortality among persons aged
above 68 years with diabetes mellitus (DM).<h4>Method</h4>Data
came from a 5% Medicare claims sample of beneficiaries
initially diagnosed with DM during 2006-2008; follow-up was
up to 7 years.<h4>Results</h4>Adherence to screening
guidelines led to reduced mortality-hazard ratio (HR) =
0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.56, 0.58];
congestive heart failure [CHF], HR = 0.89, CI = [0.87,
0.91]; acute myocardial infarction [AMI], HR = 0.90, CI =
[0.85, 0.95]; and stroke/transient ischemic attack
[Stroke/TIA], HR = 0.92, CI = [0.87, 0.97]-during follow-up.
Recommended medication use led to lower mortality: HR =
0.72, CI = [0.70, 0.73]; CHF, HR = 0.67, CI = [0.66, 0.69];
AMI, HR = 0.68, CI = [0.65, 0.71]; and Stroke/TIA, HR =
0.79, CI = [0.76, 0.83].<h4>Discussion</h4>Elderly persons
newly diagnosed with diabetes who adhered to recommended
care experienced reduced risk of mortality and severe
macrovascular complications.},
Doi = {10.1177/0898264316684270},
Key = {fds333203}
}
@article{fds333750,
Author = {Kulminski, AM and Huang, J and Loika, Y and Arbeev, KG and Bagley, O and Yashkin, A and Duan, M and Culminskaya, I},
Title = {Strong impact of natural-selection-free heterogeneity in
genetics of age-related phenotypes.},
Journal = {Aging},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {492-514},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.101407},
Abstract = {A conceptual difficulty in genetics of age-related
phenotypes that make individuals vulnerable to disease in
post-reproductive life is genetic heterogeneity attributed
to an undefined role of evolution in establishing their
molecular mechanisms. Here, we performed univariate and
pleiotropic genome-wide meta-analyses of 20 age-related
phenotypes leveraging longitudinal information in a sample
of 33,431 individuals and dealing with the
natural-selection-free genetic heterogeneity. We identified
142 non-proxy single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with
phenotype-specific (18 SNPs) and pleiotropic (124 SNPs)
associations at genome-wide level. Univariate meta-analysis
identified two novel (11.1%) and replicated 16 SNPs whereas
pleiotropic meta-analysis identified 115 novel (92.7%) and
nine replicated SNPs. Pleiotropic associations for most
novel (93.9%) and all replicated SNPs were strongly impacted
by the natural-selection-free genetic heterogeneity in its
unconventional form of antagonistic heterogeneity, implying
antagonistic directions of genetic effects for directly
correlated phenotypes. Our results show that the common
genome-wide approach is well adapted to handle homogeneous
univariate associations within Mendelian framework whereas
most associations with age-related phenotypes are more
complex and well beyond that framework. Dissecting the
natural-selection-free genetic heterogeneity is critical for
gaining insights into genetics of age-related phenotypes and
has substantial and unexplored yet potential for improving
efficiency of genome-wide analysis.},
Doi = {10.18632/aging.101407},
Key = {fds333750}
}
@article{fds332155,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Yashin, AI and Sloan,
F},
Title = {Mortality and Macrovascular Risk in Elderly With
Hypertension and Diabetes: Effect of Intensive Drug
Therapy.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Pages = {220-227},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpx151},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study identifies the effect of intensive
drug therapy (IDT) in individuals age 65+ with diabetes
(type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)) and hypertension on
all-cause death, congestive heart failure (CHF),
hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke
or transient ischemic attack (TIA). METHODS: Individuals
from the Medicare 5% dataset with hypertension and T2D
undergoing IDT for these conditions were propensity score
matched to a nonintensive drug-therapy group. Hazard ratios
(HRs) were obtained using the Cox proportional hazard model.
RESULTS: IDT was associated with increased risk of CHF (HR
2.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.32-2.38), MI (HR 4.27;
95% CI 4.05-4.52), and stroke or TIA (HR 1.80; 95% CI
1.70-1.89) but decreased risk of death (HR 0.95; 95% CI
0.93-0.97). Risk for CHF (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.71-0.73), MI (HR
0.64; 95% CI 0.62-0.67), stroke or TIA (HR 0.82; 95% CI
0.78-0.86), and death (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.28-0.29) was
decreased by adherence to diabetes management guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: Use of IDT in a high-risk population delays
death but not severe macrovascular outcomes. Protective
effects of IDT in high-risk patients likely outweigh
polypharmacy-related health concerns.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpx151},
Key = {fds332155}
}
@article{fds370835,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Akushevich, I and Ukraintseva, S and Yashin,
A},
Title = {The Effect of Adherence to Screening Guidelines on the Risk
of Alzheimer's Disease in Elderly Individuals Newly
Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.},
Journal = {Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {2333721418811201},
Year = {2018},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333721418811201},
Abstract = {<b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study was to examine the
possibility that type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease may
share common behavioral protective factors such as adherence
to type 2 diabetes treatment guidelines given that these two
diseases have both epidemiological and metabolic
similarities. <b>Method</b>: The method used in this study
is a retrospective cohort study of 3,797 U.S. Medicare
fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 66+ newly diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes and without a prior record of Alzheimer's
disease based on the Health and Retirement Study.
<b>Results</b>: Results of a left-truncated Cox model showed
that adherence reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease by
20% to 24%. Other significant effects were college education
(hazard ratio [HR]: 0.65; <i>p</i> value: .023), stroke (HR:
1.40; <i>p</i> value: .013), and 4+ limitations in physical
functioning (HR: 1.33; <i>p</i> value: .008).
<b>Discussion</b>: Risk of Alzheimer's disease can be
reduced by behavioral factors. Possible mechanisms may
include earlier start of interventions to reduce blood
glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity.},
Doi = {10.1177/2333721418811201},
Key = {fds370835}
}
@article{fds335442,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Ukraintseva, S and Stallard, E and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Time Trends in the Prevalence of Neurocognitive Disorders
and Cognitive Impairment in the United States: The Effects
of Disease Severity and Improved Ascertainment.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {137-148},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-180060},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Trends in the prevalence of cognitive impairment
(CI) based on cognitive assessment instruments are often
inconsistent with those of neurocognitive disorders (ND)
based on Medicare claims records. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized
that improved ascertainment and resulting decrease in
disease severity at the time of diagnosis are responsible
for this phenomenon. METHODS: Using Medicare data linked to
the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2012), we performed a
joint analysis of trends in CI and ND to test our
hypothesis. RESULTS: We identified two major contributors to
the divergent directions in CI and ND trends: reductions in
disease severity explained more than 60% of the differences
between CI and ND prevalence over the study period; the
remaining 40% was explained by a decrease in the fraction of
undiagnosed individuals. DISCUSSION: Improvements in the
diagnoses of ND diseases were a major contributor to
reported trends in ND and CI. Recent forecasts of CI and ND
trends in the U.S. may be overly pessimistic.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-180060},
Key = {fds335442}
}
@article{fds324088,
Author = {Akushevich, I and Yashkin, AP and Kravchenko, J and Fang, F and Arbeev,
K and Sloan, F and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and mortality
in observational data.},
Journal = {Theor Popul Biol},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {117-127},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.01.003},
Abstract = {In this study, we present a new theory of partitioning of
disease prevalence and incidence-based mortality and
demonstrate how this theory practically works for analyses
of Medicare data. In the theory, the prevalence of a disease
and incidence-based mortality are modeled in terms of
disease incidence and survival after diagnosis supplemented
by information on disease prevalence at the initial age and
year available in a dataset. Partitioning of the trends of
prevalence and mortality is calculated with minimal
assumptions. The resulting expressions for the components of
the trends are given by continuous functions of data. The
estimator is consistent and stable. The developed
methodology is applied for data on type 2 diabetes using
individual records from a nationally representative 5%
sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65+. Numerical
estimates show excellent concordance between empirical
estimates and theoretical predictions. Evaluated
partitioning model showed that both prevalence and mortality
increase with time. The primary driving factors of the
observed prevalence increase are improved survival and
increased prevalence at age 65. The increase in
diabetes-related mortality is driven by increased prevalence
and unobserved trends in time-periods and age-groups outside
of the range of the data used in the study. Finally, the
properties of the new estimator, possible statistical and
systematical uncertainties, and future practical
applications of this methodology in epidemiology,
demography, public health and health forecasting are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.tpb.2017.01.003},
Key = {fds324088}
}
@article{fds332156,
Author = {He, L and Kernogitski, Y and Kulminskaya, I and Loika, Y and Arbeev, KG and Loiko, E and Bagley, O and Duan, M and Yashkin, A and Ukraintseva, SV and Kovtun, M and Yashin, AI and Kulminski, AM},
Title = {Corrigendum: Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal
Studies Discover Novel Genetic Variants Associated with
Age-Related Diseases.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Genetics},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {226},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2017.00226},
Abstract = {[This corrects the article on p. 179 in vol. 7, PMID:
27790247.].},
Doi = {10.3389/fgene.2017.00226},
Key = {fds332156}
}
@article{fds320869,
Author = {Kulminski, AM and He, L and Culminskaya, I and Loika, Y and Kernogitski,
Y and Arbeev, KG and Loiko, E and Arbeeva, L and Bagley, O and Duan, M and Yashkin, A and Fang, F and Kovtun, M and Ukraintseva, SV and Wu, D and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Pleiotropic Associations of Allelic Variants in a 2q22
Region with Risks of Major Human Diseases and
Mortality.},
Journal = {Plos Genetics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {11},
Pages = {e1006314},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006314},
Abstract = {Gaining insights into genetic predisposition to age-related
diseases and lifespan is a challenging task complicated by
the elusive role of evolution in these phenotypes. To gain
more insights, we combined methods of genome-wide and
candidate-gene studies. Genome-wide scan in the
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (N = 9,573)
was used to pre-select promising loci. Candidate-gene
methods were used to comprehensively analyze associations of
novel uncommon variants in Caucasians (minor allele
frequency~2.5%) located in band 2q22.3 with risks of
coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), stroke,
diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases (ND), and
mortality in the ARIC study, the Framingham Heart Study (N =
4,434), and the Health and Retirement Study (N = 9,676). We
leveraged the analyses of pleiotropy, age-related
heterogeneity, and causal inferences. Meta-analysis of the
results from these comprehensive analyses shows that the
minor allele increases risks of death by about 50% (p =
4.6×10-9), CHD by 35% (p = 8.9×10-6), HF by 55% (p =
9.7×10-5), stroke by 25% (p = 4.0×10-2), and ND by 100% (p
= 1.3×10-3). This allele also significantly influences each
of two diseases, diabetes and cancer, in antagonistic
fashion in different populations. Combined significance of
the pleiotropic effects was p = 6.6×10-21. Causal mediation
analyses show that endophenotypes explained only small
fractions of these effects. This locus harbors an
evolutionary conserved gene-desert region with non-coding
intergenic sequences likely involved in regulation of
protein-coding flanking genes ZEB2 and ACVR2A. This region
is intensively studied for mutations causing severe
developmental/genetic disorders. Our analyses indicate a
promising target region for interventions aimed to reduce
risks of many major human diseases and mortality.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1006314},
Key = {fds320869}
}
@misc{fds326660,
Title = {PARTITIONING OF TIME TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF LUNG CANCER
AMONG OLDER U.S. ADULTS},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {56},
Number = {Suppl_3},
Pages = {705-705},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw162.2874},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnw162.2874},
Key = {fds326660}
}
@misc{fds326661,
Title = {RELATIONSHIPS AMONG AGING HEALTH AND LONGEVITY IN HRS:
CAUSAL ANALYSES USING MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {56},
Number = {Suppl_3},
Pages = {181-181},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw162.707},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnw162.707},
Key = {fds326661}
}
@misc{fds326662,
Title = {INTEGRATING GENETIC DATA INTO HEALTH AND MORTALITY
FORECASTING USING THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {56},
Number = {Suppl_3},
Pages = {660-660},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw162.2684},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnw162.2684},
Key = {fds326662}
}
@misc{fds326482,
Title = {TRENDS IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND RELATED HEALTH OUTCOMES
1991–2013: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {56},
Number = {Suppl_3},
Pages = {705-706},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2016},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw162.2876},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnw162.2876},
Key = {fds326482}
}
@article{fds318191,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Hahn, P and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Introducing Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Therapies for AMD Did Not Raise Risk of Myocardial
Infarction, Stroke, and Death.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {123},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2225-2231},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.053},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To assess the effect of availability of
anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on
mortality and hospitalizations for acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) and stroke over a 5-year follow-up period
in United States Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in 2006
compared with control groups consisting of beneficiaries (1)
newly diagnosed with exudative AMD at a time when anti-VEGF
therapy was not possible and (2) newly diagnosed with
nonexudative AMD.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort
study.<h4>Participants</h4>Beneficiaries newly diagnosed
with exudative and nonexudative AMD in 2000 and 2006
selected from a random longitudinal sample of Medicare 5%
claims and enrollment files.<h4>Methods</h4>Beneficiaries
with a first diagnosis of exudative AMD in 2006 were the
treatment group; beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
exudative AMD in 2000 or nonexudative AMD in 2000 or 2006
were control groups. To deal with potential selection bias,
we designed an intent-to-treat study, which controlled for
nonadherence to prescribed regimens. The treatment group
consisted of patients with clinically appropriate
characteristics to receive anti-VEGF injections given that
the therapy is available, bypassing the need to monitor
whether treatment was actually received. Control groups
consisted of patients with clinically appropriate
characteristics but first diagnosed at a time when the
therapy was unavailable (2000) and similar patients but for
whom the therapy was not clinically indicated (2000, 2006).
We used a Cox proportional hazard model.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>All-cause mortality and hospitalization for AMI
and stroke during follow-up.<h4>Results</h4>No statistically
significant changes in probabilities of death and
hospitalizations for AMI and stroke within a 5-year
follow-up period were identified in exudative AMD
beneficiaries newly diagnosed in 2006, the beginning of
widespread anti-VEGF use, compared with 2000. As an
alternative to our main analysis, which excluded
beneficiaries from nonexudative AMD group who received
anti-VEGF therapies during follow-up, we performed a
sensitivity analysis with this group of individuals
reincluded (11% of beneficiaries newly diagnosed with
nonexudative AMD in 2006). Results were similar.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Introduction
of anti-VEGF agents in 2006 for treating exudative AMD has
not posed a threat of increased risk of AMI, stroke, or
all-cause mortality.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.053},
Key = {fds318191}
}
@article{fds318192,
Author = {Mroz, TA and Picone, G and Sloan, F and Yashkin, AP},
Title = {Screening for a Chronic Disease: A Multiple Stage Duration
Model With Partial Observability},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {915-934},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12180},
Doi = {10.1111/iere.12180},
Key = {fds318192}
}
@article{fds314534,
Author = {Hahn, P and Yashkin, AP and Sloan, FA},
Title = {Effect of Prior Anti-VEGF Injections on the Risk of Retained
Lens Fragments and Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in
the Elderly.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {123},
Number = {2},
Pages = {309-315},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040},
Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>To investigate the effect of prior
intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
injections on surgical and postoperative complication rates
associated with cataract surgery in a nationally
representative longitudinal sample of elderly
persons.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective, longitudinal cohort
analysis.<h4>Participants</h4>A total of 203 643 Medicare
beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery from January 1,
2009, to December 31, 2013.<h4>Methods</h4>By using the 5%
sample of Medicare claims data, the study assessed risks of
3 adverse outcomes after receipt of cataract surgery for
beneficiaries with a history of intravitreal injections.
Risks of these outcomes in beneficiaries with a history of
intravitreal injections relative to those without were
calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model.<h4>Main
outcome measures</h4>The primary outcome was the risk of
subsequent removal of retained lens fragments (RLFs) within
28 days after cataract surgery. Secondary outcomes were a
new diagnosis of acute (<40 days) or delayed-onset (40+
days) endophthalmitis and risk of a new primary open-angle
glaucoma (POAG) diagnosis within 365 days after cataract
surgery.<h4>Results</h4>Prior intravitreal anti-VEGF
injections were associated with a significantly increased
risk of subsequent RLF removal within 28 days after cataract
surgery (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 1.19-4.30). Prior injections were also associated with
increased risk of both acute (HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.001-5.22)
and delayed-onset endophthalmitis (HR, 3.65; 95% CI,
1.65-8.05). Prior injections were not a significant
indicator of increased risk of a new POAG
diagnosis.<h4>Conclusions</h4>A history of intravitreal
injections may be a risk factor for cataract surgery-related
intraoperative complications and endophthalmitis. Given the
frequency of intravitreal injections and cataract surgery,
increased preoperative assessment, additional intraoperative
caution, and postoperative vigilance are recommended in
patients with a history of intravitreal injections
undergoing cataract extraction.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040},
Key = {fds314534}
}
@article{fds314536,
Author = {Yashin, AI and Arbeev, KG and Arbeeva, LS and Wu, D and Akushevich, I and Kovtun, M and Yashkin, A and Kulminski, A and Culminskaya, I and Stallard, E and Li, M and Ukraintseva, SV},
Title = {How the effects of aging and stresses of life are integrated
in mortality rates: insights for genetic studies of human
health and longevity.},
Journal = {Biogerontology},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {89-107},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1389-5729},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-015-9594-8},
Abstract = {Increasing proportions of elderly individuals in developed
countries combined with substantial increases in related
medical expenditures make the improvement of the health of
the elderly a high priority today. If the process of aging
by individuals is a major cause of age related health
declines then postponing aging could be an efficient
strategy for improving the health of the elderly.
Implementing this strategy requires a better understanding
of genetic and non-genetic connections among aging, health,
and longevity. We review progress and problems in research
areas whose development may contribute to analyses of such
connections. These include genetic studies of human aging
and longevity, the heterogeneity of populations with respect
to their susceptibility to disease and death, forces that
shape age patterns of human mortality, secular trends in
mortality decline, and integrative mortality modeling using
longitudinal data. The dynamic involvement of genetic
factors in (i) morbidity/mortality risks, (ii) responses to
stresses of life, (iii) multi-morbidities of many elderly
individuals, (iv) trade-offs for diseases, (v) genetic
heterogeneity, and (vi) other relevant aging-related health
declines, underscores the need for a comprehensive,
integrated approach to analyze the genetic connections for
all of the above aspects of aging-related changes. The
dynamic relationships among aging, health, and longevity
traits would be better understood if one linked several
research fields within one conceptual framework that allowed
for efficient analyses of available longitudinal data using
the wealth of available knowledge about aging, health, and
longevity already accumulated in the research
field.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10522-015-9594-8},
Key = {fds314536}
}
@article{fds320870,
Author = {He, L and Kernogitski, Y and Kulminskaya, I and Loika, Y and Arbeev, KG and Loiko, E and Bagley, O and Duan, M and Yashkin, A and Ukraintseva, SV and Kovtun, M and Yashin, AI and Kulminski, AM},
Title = {Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal Studies Discover
Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Age-Related
Diseases.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Genetics},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {179},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2016.00179},
Abstract = {Age-related diseases may result from shared biological
mechanisms in intrinsic processes of aging. Genetic effects
on age-related diseases are often modulated by environmental
factors due to their little contribution to fitness or are
mediated through certain endophenotypes. Identification of
genetic variants with pleiotropic effects on both common
complex diseases and endophenotypes may reveal potential
conflicting evolutionary pressures and deliver new insights
into shared genetic contribution to healthspan and lifespan.
Here, we performed pleiotropic meta-analyses of genetic
variants using five NIH-funded datasets by integrating
univariate summary statistics for age-related diseases and
endophenotypes. We investigated three groups of traits: (1)
endophenotypes such as blood glucose, blood pressure,
lipids, hematocrit, and body mass index, (2) time-to-event
outcomes such as the age-at-onset of diabetes mellitus (DM),
cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neurodegenerative
diseases (NDs), and (3) both combined. In addition to
replicating previous findings, we identify seven novel
genome-wide significant loci (< 5e-08), out of which five
are low-frequency variants. Specifically, from Group 2, we
find rs7632505 on 3q21.1 in <i>SEMA5B</i>, rs460976 on
21q22.3 (1 kb from <i>TMPRSS2</i>) and rs12420422 on 11q24.1
predominantly associated with a variety of CVDs, rs4905014
in <i>ITPK1</i> associated with stroke and heart failure,
rs7081476 on 10p12.1 in <i>ANKRD26</i> associated with
multiple diseases including DM, CVDs, and NDs. From Group 3,
we find rs8082812 on 18p11.22 and rs1869717 on 4q31.3
associated with both endophenotypes and CVDs. Our follow-up
analyses show that rs7632505, rs4905014, and rs8082812 have
age-dependent effects on coronary heart disease or stroke.
Functional annotation suggests that most of these SNPs are
within regulatory regions or DNase clusters and in linkage
disequilibrium with expression quantitative trait loci,
implying their potential regulatory influence on the
expression of nearby genes. Our mediation analyses suggest
that the effects of some SNPs are mediated by specific
endophenotypes. In conclusion, these findings indicate that
loci with pleiotropic effects on age-related disorders tend
to be enriched in genes involved in underlying mechanisms
potentially related to nervous, cardiovascular and immune
system functions, stress resistance, inflammation, ion
channels and hematopoiesis, supporting the hypothesis of
shared pathological role of infection, and inflammation in
chronic age-related diseases.},
Doi = {10.3389/fgene.2016.00179},
Key = {fds320870}
}
@article{fds322919,
Author = {Yashin, AI and Zhbannikov, I and Arbeeva, L and Arbeev, KG and Wu, D and Akushevich, I and Yashkin, A and Kovtun, M and Kulminski, AM and Stallard, E and Kulminskaya, I and Ukraintseva,
S},
Title = {Pure and Confounded Effects of Causal SNPs on Longevity:
Insights for Proper Interpretation of Research Findings in
GWAS of Populations with Different Genetic
Structures.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Genetics},
Volume = {7},
Pages = {188},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2016.00188},
Abstract = {This paper shows that the effects of causal SNPs on
lifespan, estimated through GWAS, may be confounded and the
genetic structure of the study population may be responsible
for this effect. Simulation experiments show that levels of
linkage disequilibrium (LD) and other parameters of the
population structure describing connections between two
causal SNPs may substantially influence separate estimates
of the effect of the causal SNPs on lifespan. This study
suggests that differences in LD levels between two causal
SNP loci within two study populations may contribute to the
failure to replicate previous GWAS findings. The results of
this paper also show that successful replication of the
results of genetic association studies does not necessarily
guarantee proper interpretation of the effect of a causal
SNP on lifespan.},
Doi = {10.3389/fgene.2016.00188},
Key = {fds322919}
}
@article{fds370950,
Author = {Worni, M and Akushevich, I and Greenup, R and Sarma, D and Ryser, MD and Myers, ER and Hwang, ES},
Title = {Trends in Treatment Patterns and Outcomes for Ductal
Carcinoma In Situ.},
Journal = {J Natl Cancer Inst},
Volume = {107},
Number = {12},
Pages = {djv263},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djv263},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Impact of contemporary treatment of pre-invasive
breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS]) on long-term
outcomes remains poorly defined. We aimed to evaluate
national treatment trends for DCIS and to determine their
impact on disease-specific (DSS) and overall survival (OS).
METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results
(SEER) registry was queried for patients diagnosed with DCIS
from 1991 to 2010. Treatment pattern trends were analyzed
using Cochran-Armitage trend test. Survival analyses were
performed using inverse probability weights (IPW)-adjusted
competing risk analyses for DSS and Cox proportional hazard
regression for OS. All tests performed were two-sided.
RESULTS: One hundred twenty-one thousand and eighty DCIS
patients were identified. The greatest proportion of
patients was treated with lumpectomy and radiation therapy
(43.0%), followed by lumpectomy alone (26.5%) and unilateral
(23.8%) or bilateral mastectomy (4.5%) with significant
shifts over time. The rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy
increased from 9.7% to 67.1% for mastectomy and from 1.4% to
17.8% for lumpectomy. Compared with mastectomy, OS was
higher for lumpectomy with radiation (hazard ratio [HR] =
0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76 to 0.83, P < .001)
and lower for lumpectomy alone (HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.13 to
1.23, P < .001). IPW-adjusted ten-year DSS was highest in
lumpectomy with XRT (98.9%), followed by mastectomy (98.5%),
and lumpectomy alone (98.4%). CONCLUSIONS: We identified
substantial shifts in treatment patterns for DCIS from 1991
to 2010. When outcomes between locoregional treatment
options were compared, we observed greater differences in OS
than DSS, likely reflecting both a prevailing patient
selection bias as well as clinically negligible differences
in breast cancer outcomes between groups.},
Doi = {10.1093/jnci/djv263},
Key = {fds370950}
}
@article{fds314535,
Author = {Chen, Y and Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP},
Title = {Adherence to diabetes guidelines for screening, physical
activity and medication and onset of complications and
death.},
Journal = {Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications},
Volume = {29},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1228-1233},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1056-8727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.005},
Abstract = {<h4>Aims</h4>Analyze relationships between adherence to
guidelines for diabetes care - regular screening; physical
activity; and medication - and diabetes complications and
mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>Outcomes were onset of congestive
heart failure (CHF), stroke, renal failure, moderate
complications of lower extremities, lower-limb amputation,
proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and mortality
during follow-up. Participants were persons aged 65+ in the
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2003 Diabetes Study and
had Medicare claims in follow-up period (2004-8).<h4>Results</h4>Adherence
to screening recommendations decreased risks of developing
CHF (odds ratio (OR)=0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI):
0.72-0.96), stroke (OR=0.80; 95% CI: 0.68-0.94); renal
failure (OR=0. 82; 95% CI: 0.71-0.95); and death (OR=0.86;
95% CI: 0.74-0.99). Adherence to physical activity
recommendation reduced risks of stroke (OR=0.64; 95% CI:
0.45-0.90), renal failure (OR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.97),
moderate lower-extremity complications (OR=0.71; 95% CI:
0.51-0.99), having a lower limb amputation (OR=0.31, 95% CI:
0.11-0.85), and death (OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.41-0.77).
Medication adherence was associated with lower risks of PDR
(OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.13-0.93).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adherence
to screening, physical activity and medication guidelines
was associated with lower risks of diabetes complications
and death. Relative importance of adherence differed among
outcome measures.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.005},
Key = {fds314535}
}
@misc{fds326663,
Title = {TIME TRENDS OF DISEASE PREVALENCE AMONG OLDER U.S.
ADULTS},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {55},
Number = {Suppl_2},
Pages = {27-27},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv205.04},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnv205.04},
Key = {fds326663}
}
@misc{fds326664,
Author = {Uemura, R and Akushevich, I and Kovtun, M and Yashkin, AP and Li, M and Arbeev, KG and Ukraintseva, S and Yashin, AI},
Title = {Lipofuscin: as an aging marker in nematodes, Caenorhabditis
elegans},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {55},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
Key = {fds326664}
}
@misc{fds326665,
Title = {REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN LONGEVITY IN THE U.S.: AIR POLLUTION
AND OTHER CONTRIBUTING FACTORS},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {55},
Number = {Suppl_2},
Pages = {281-281},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv581.02},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/gnv581.02},
Key = {fds326665}
}
@article{fds314533,
Author = {Abel, AS and Yashkin, AP and Sloan, FA and Lee, MS},
Title = {Effect of diabetes mellitus on giant cell
arteritis.},
Journal = {Journal of Neuro Ophthalmology : the Official Journal of the
North American Neuro Ophthalmology Society},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {134-138},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1070-8022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000218},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>To determine if Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(DM) is protective against giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to
estimate the incidence of GCA diagnosis from Medicare
claims.<h4>Methods</h4>Medicare 5% claims files from 1991 to
2011 were used to identify beneficiaries diagnosed with DM,
but not GCA, within a 3-year ascertainment period.
Propensity score matching was used to define a control group
of nondiabetics with comparable demographic covariates.
Competing risk regression was then used to assess the impact
of DM diagnosis on GCA diagnosis. To allow for a 3-year
ascertainment period, the analysis sample was limited to
beneficiaries older than 68 years at baseline.<h4>Results</h4>A
total of 151,041 beneficiaries diagnosed with DM were
matched to an equal number of controls. Mean study follow-up
was 67.75 months. GCA was diagnosed among 1116 beneficiaries
with DM (0.73%) vs 465 (0.30%) controls. The risk of
receiving a GCA diagnosis among patients with DM was
increased by 100% (subhazard ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence
interval, 1.78-2.25). The annual incidence of GCA diagnosis
among claims for US Medicare beneficiaries older than 68
years old was 93 in 100,000.<h4>Conclusions</h4>A DM
diagnosis is not protective against a GCA diagnosis in the
Medicare population. Our data suggest that a DM diagnosis
increases the risk of GCA diagnosis within 5.7 years for
Medicare beneficiaries older than 68 years.},
Doi = {10.1097/wno.0000000000000218},
Key = {fds314533}
}
@article{fds314531,
Author = {Yashkin, AP and Picone, G and Sloan, F},
Title = {Causes of the change in the rates of mortality and severe
complications of diabetes mellitus: 1992-2012.},
Journal = {Medical Care},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {268-275},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0025-7079},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0000000000000309},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To quantify the causes of the changes in
the rates of mortality and select severe complications of
diabetes mellitus, type 2 (T2D) among the elderly between
1992 and 2012.<h4>Research design</h4>A retrospective cohort
study design based on Medicare 5% administrative claims data
from 1992 to 2012 was used. Traditional fee-for-service
Medicare beneficiaries, age 65 and older, diagnosed with T2D
and living in the United States between 1992 and 2012 were
included in the study. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition was used
to quantify the potential causes of the change in the rates
of death, congestive heart failure and/or acute myocardial
infarction, stroke, amputation of lower extremity and
end-stage renal disease between 1992 and
2012.<h4>Results</h4>The number of beneficiaries in the
analysis sample diagnosed with T2D increased from 152,191 in
1992 to 289,443 in 2012. Over the same time period, rates of
mortality decreased by 1.2, congestive heart failure and/or
acute myocardial infarction by 2.6, stroke by 1.6,
amputation by 0.6 while rates of end-stage renal disease
increased by 1.5 percentage points. Improvements in the
management of precursor conditions and utilization of
recommended healthcare services, not population composition,
were the primary causes of the change.<h4>Conclusions</h4>With
the exception of end-stage renal disease, outcomes among
Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with T2D improved. Analysis
suggests that persons diagnosed with T2D are living longer
with fewer severe complications. Much of the improvement in
outcomes likely reflects more regular contact with health
professionals and better management of care.},
Doi = {10.1097/mlr.0000000000000309},
Key = {fds314531}
}
@article{fds314532,
Author = {Gray, N and Picone, G and Sloan, F and Yashkin, A},
Title = {Relation between BMI and diabetes mellitus and its
complications among US older adults.},
Journal = {Southern Medical Journal},
Volume = {108},
Number = {1},
Pages = {29-36},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0038-4348},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14423/smj.0000000000000214},
Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>This study examined relations between
elevated body mass index (BMI) and time to diagnosis with
type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications among older
adults in the United States.<h4>Methods</h4>Data came from
the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, 1991-2010. A Cox
proportional hazard model was used to assess relations
between excess BMI at the first Medicare Current Beneficiary
Survey interview and time to diabetes mellitus diagnosis,
complications, and insulin dependence among Medicare
beneficiaries, older than 65 years of age with no prior
diabetes mellitus diagnosis, and who were not enrolled in
Medicare Advantage (N = 14,657).<h4>Results</h4>Among
individuals diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, elevated
BMIs were associated with a progressively higher risk of
complications from diabetes mellitus. For women with a BMI
≥40, the risk of insulin dependence (hazard ratio [HR]
3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.36-5.39) was twice that
for women with 25 ≤ BMI < 27.5 (HR 1.77; 95% CI
1.33-2.33). A similar pattern was observed in risk of
cardiovascular (25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.34; 95% CI
1.15-1.54; BMI ≥40: HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.92-3.11),
cerebrovascular (25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.30; 95% CI
1.06-1.57; BMI ≥40: HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.42-2.81), renal (25
≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.04-1.63; BMI ≥40: HR
2.23; 95% CI 1.54-3.22), and lower extremity complications
(25 ≤ BMI < 27.5: HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.22-1.61; BMI ≥40: HR
2.95; 95% CI 2.35-3.69).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Any increase in
BMI above normal weight levels is associated with an
increased risk of being diagnosed as having complications of
diabetes mellitus. For men, the increased risk of these
complications occurred at higher BMI levels than in women.
Ocular complications occurred at higher BMI levels than
other complication types in both men and
women.},
Doi = {10.14423/smj.0000000000000214},
Key = {fds314532}
}
@article{fds315201,
Author = {Sloan, FA and Yashkin, AP and Chen, Y},
Title = {Gaps in receipt of regular eye examinations among medicare
beneficiaries diagnosed with diabetes or chronic eye
diseases.},
Journal = {Ophthalmology},
Volume = {121},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2452-2460},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0161-6420},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.07.020},
Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>To examine a wide range of factors
associated with regular eye examination receipt among
elderly individuals diagnosed with glaucoma, age-related
macular degeneration, or diabetes mellitus
(DM).<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective analysis of Medicare
claims linked to survey data from the Health and Retirement
Study (HRS).<h4>Participants</h4>The sample consisted of
2151 Medicare beneficiaries who responded to the
HRS.<h4>Methods</h4>Medicare beneficiaries with ≥ 1 of the
3 study diagnoses were identified by diagnosis codes and
merged with survey information. The same individuals were
followed for 5 years divided into four 15-month periods.
Predictors of the number of periods with an eye examination
evaluated were beneficiary demographic characteristics,
income, health, cognitive and physical function, health
behaviors, subjective beliefs about longevity, the length of
the individual's financial planning horizon, supplemental
health insurance coverage, eye disease diagnoses, and low
vision/blindness at baseline. We performed logit analysis of
the number of 15-month periods in which beneficiaries
received an eye examination.<h4>Main outcome
measures</h4>The primary outcome measure was the number of
15-month periods with an eye examination.<h4>Results</h4>One
third of beneficiaries with the study's chronic diseases saw
an eye care provider in all 4 follow-up periods despite
having Medicare. One quarter only obtained an eye
examination at most during 1 of the four 15-month follow-up
periods. Among the 3 groups of patients studied, utilization
was particularly low for persons with diagnosed DM and no
eye complications. Age, marriage, education, and a higher
score on the Charlson index were associated with more
periods with an eye examination. Male gender, being limited
in instrumental activities of daily living at baseline,
distance to the nearest ophthalmologist, and low cognitive
function were associated with a reduction in frequency of
eye examinations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Rates of eye
examinations for elderly persons with DM or frequently
occurring eye diseases, especially for DM, remain far below
recommended levels in a nationally representative sample of
persons with health insurance coverage. Several factors,
including limited physical and cognitive function and
greater distance to an ophthalmologist, but not health
insurance coverage, account for variation in regular
use.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.07.020},
Key = {fds315201}
}
%% Ye, Yifan
@article{fds325836,
Author = {TOWER, EDWARD and YE, YIFANVICTOR},
Title = {HOW TAXES AND REAL WAGE INFLEXIBILITY INTERACT TO MAKE TRADE
DEFICITS ADDICTIVE: THE TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BURDENS OF A
TRANSFER},
Journal = {The Singapore Economic Review},
Volume = {61},
Number = {02},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {Previous papers on the transfer problem pay scant attention
to the problems caused by the distortionary taxation that
extracts the gift from the donor nation or the cut in
distortionary taxation that bestows the gift to the
recipient nation. When combined with inflexibility in the
real wage these changes in taxation and the transfer itself
impose a considerable burden to the donor matched by a
considerable blessing to the recipient. We explore these
effects, and conclude that “The Great
Rebalancing” between the US and China needed to cure
the US trade deficit, i.e., to eliminate the transfer that
China is making to the US may bestow a big burden on the US
matched by a big blessing for China.},
Key = {fds325836}
}
@article{fds325837,
Author = {TOWER, EDWARD and YE, YIFANVICTOR},
Title = {HOW TAXES AND REAL WAGE INFLEXIBILITY INTERACT TO MAKE TRADE
DEFICITS ADDICTIVE: THE TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BURDENS OF A
TRANSFER},
Journal = {The Singapore Economic Review},
Volume = {61},
Number = {02},
Pages = {1-15},
Year = {2016},
Abstract = {Previous papers on the transfer problem pay scant attention
to the problems caused by the distortionary taxation that
extracts the gift from the donor nation or the cut in
distortionary taxation that bestows the gift to the
recipient nation. When combined with inflexibility in the
real wage these changes in taxation and the transfer itself
impose a considerable burden to the donor matched by a
considerable blessing to the recipient. We explore these
effects, and conclude that “The Great
Rebalancing” between the US and China needed to cure
the US trade deficit, i.e., to eliminate the transfer that
China is making to the US may bestow a big burden on the US
matched by a big blessing for China.},
Key = {fds325837}
}
%% Yildirim, Huseyin
@article{fds375219,
Author = {Name Correa and AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Multiple prizes in tournaments with career
concerns},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {215},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2023.105778},
Abstract = {We introduce career concerns into rank-order tournaments and
offer a novel explanation for the pervasiveness of multiple
prizes. We argue that career-concerned individuals, already
facing market pressure to perform, will be reluctant to
participate in winner-take-all competitions. To entice them
and maximize performance, the organizer promises a softer
competition through multiple prizes. We show that the
minimum number of prizes is single-peaked in the
population's talent variance and increasing in publicly
disclosed ranks. We also examine entry fees, talent
pre-screening, and prize budget as design tools for
tournaments, along with prize allocation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2023.105778},
Key = {fds375219}
}
@article{fds370859,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Who fares better in teamwork?},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {54},
Number = {2},
Pages = {299-324},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12438},
Abstract = {This article establishes a tenuous link between ability and
relative well-being in teamwork. It shows that
higher-ability or lower-cost members can easily fare worse
than their lower-ability counterparts due to free-riding.
The extent of free-riding hinges crucially on log-concavity
of effort cost, which its convexity restricts little. The
article further shows how to compose teams that allocate
effort efficiently and equalize payoffs in equilibrium.
Efficient teams must have sufficiently diverse abilities and
sizes at most the number of cost log-inflections plus one.
These findings can explain the evidence of a significant
dislike for teamwork in the workplace and classroom.},
Doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12438},
Key = {fds370859}
}
@article{fds356440,
Author = {Ozerturk, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Credit attribution and collaborative work},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {195},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2021.105264},
Abstract = {We examine incentives in research teams where the market,
such as the scientific community, attributes credit for
success based on its inference of individual efforts. A
social planner who could commit to credit ex ante would
induce more effort from higher ability agents in exchange
for less credit per unit effort. Lacking such commitment,
the Bayesian market assigns credit proportional to perceived
effort. This inability to distort credit per unit effort
leads to an incentive reversal across projects. For
“easy” projects with a concave marginal cost of effort,
in the unique interior equilibrium, higher ability agents
work less and receive lower credit/utility, while the
opposite holds for “difficult” projects with a
sufficiently convex marginal cost of effort. Moreover,
equilibrium may involve over-investment by some team members
who expect to receive most of the credit. The incentives to
team up and the implications of effort observability on
credit attribution are also investigated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2021.105264},
Key = {fds356440}
}
@article{fds342232,
Author = {Name Correa and AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Biased experts, majority rule, and the optimal composition
of committee},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {127},
Number = {268},
Pages = {1-27},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2021.01.010},
Abstract = {An uninformed principal appoints a committee of experts to
vote on a multi-attribute alternative, such as an
interdisciplinary project. Each expert evaluates one
attribute and is biased toward it (specialty bias). The
principal values all attributes equally but has a status quo
bias, reflecting the organizational cost of a change. We
study whether the principal would compose the committee of
more or less specialty-biased experts. We show that her
optimal composition is nonmonotonic in the majority rule,
with the most biased experts appointed under intermediate
rules. We then show that the principal would be less
concerned about the committee composition if its members can
be uninformed, as they induce the informed to vote less
strategically. Surprisingly, although uninformed members
lower the quality of the committee's decision, the principal
may prefer to have some when its composition is suboptimal,
and the majority rule is sufficiently extreme, such as the
unanimity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2021.01.010},
Key = {fds342232}
}
@article{fds342233,
Author = {Name-Correa, AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Social pressure, transparency, and voting in
committees},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {184},
Pages = {104943-104943},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2019.104943},
Abstract = {We examine the consequences of vote transparency in
committees whose members fear being blamed by interested
observers for casting an unfavorable vote. We show that
while individually undesirable, such social pressure can
improve the collective decision by mitigating a voting
externality. Hence, organizations may adopt public voting
when the fear of blame is too little, and secret voting when
the fear is too much. We also show that public voting is
particularly desirable in committees with overly biased
members or overly biased voting rules against the
alternative. Anecdotal evidence supports our
findings.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2019.104943},
Key = {fds342233}
}
@article{fds343583,
Author = {Kesten, O and Meyer-ter-Vehn, M and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Letter from the editors},
Journal = {Review of Economic Design},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1-2},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-019-00222-2},
Doi = {10.1007/s10058-019-00222-2},
Key = {fds343583}
}
@article{fds345669,
Author = {Krasteva, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Strategic ignorance in sequential procurement},
Journal = {American Economic Journal: Microeconomics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-172},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/MIC.20170076},
Abstract = {Should a buyer approach sellers of complementary goods
informed or uninformed of her private valuations, and if
informed, in which sequence? In this paper, we show that an
informed buyer would start with the high-value seller to
minimize future holdup. Informed (or careful) sequencing
may, however, hurt the buyer as sellers "read" into it. The
buyer may, therefore, commit to ignorance, perhaps, by
overloading herself with unrelated tasks, delegating the
sequencing decision, or letting sellers self-schedule.
Absent such commitment, we show that ignorance is not
time-consistent for the buyer, but it increases trade.
Evidence on land assembly supports our findings.},
Doi = {10.1257/MIC.20170076},
Key = {fds345669}
}
@article{fds325838,
Author = {Name-Correa, AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A capture theory of committees},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {177},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {135-154},
Publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-018-0593-6},
Abstract = {Why do committees exist? The extant literature emphasizes
that they pool dispersed information across members. In this
paper, we argue that they may also serve to discourage
outside influence or capture by raising its cost. As such,
committees may contain members who are uninformed or who add
no new information to the collective decision. We show that
the optimal committee is larger when outsiders have larger
stakes in its decision or contribute lower-quality
proposals, or when its members are more corruptible. We also
show that keeping committee members anonymous and
accountable for their votes helps deter capture.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-018-0593-6},
Key = {fds325838}
}
@article{fds320259,
Author = {Krasteva, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Information, competition, and the quality of
charities},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {144},
Pages = {64-77},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.10.008},
Abstract = {Drawing upon the all-pay auction literature, we propose a
model of charity competition in which informed giving alone
can account for the significant quality heterogeneity across
similar charities. Our analysis identifies a negative effect
of competition and a positive effect of informed giving on
the equilibrium quality of charity. In particular, we show
that as the number of charities grows, so does the
percentage of charity scams, approaching one in the limit.
In light of this and other results, we discuss the need for
regulating nonprofit entry and conduct as well as promoting
informed giving.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.10.008},
Key = {fds320259}
}
@article{fds318193,
Author = {Name-Correa, AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {'Giving' in to Social Pressure},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {99},
Pages = {99-116},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2016.07.006},
Abstract = {We develop a theory of charitable giving in which donors
feel social pressure from a direct solicitation. We show
that equilibrium donations are concentrated around a social
norm. Despite a higher level of the public good, relatively
poor and/or low altruism givers fare worse under social
pressure and would avoid the solicitor at a cost. Aggregate
donor welfare improves to the extent that the added social
motive alleviates the underprovision of the public good;
however, overprovision may result. Our theory therefore
predicts a light-handed regulation for charitable
solicitations, which is consistent with their exemption from
the popular Do Not Call list in the U.S. We further show
that contrary to pure altruism, a more equal income
distribution may produce more of the public good. In
fundraising campaigns where a social norm is not apparent,
one may emerge endogenously if donors are not too
heterogeneous.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2016.07.006},
Key = {fds318193}
}
@article{fds320424,
Author = {Paskalev, Z and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A Theory of Outsourced Fundraising: Why Dollars Turn into
'Pennies for Charity'},
Journal = {Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working
Paper},
Volume = {137},
Number = {189},
Pages = {1-18},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.02.017},
Abstract = {Charities frequently rely on professional solicitors whose
commissions exceed half of total donations. To understand
this practice, we propose a principal-agent model in which
the charity optimally offers a higher commission to a more
“efficient” solicitor, raising the price of giving
significantly. Outsourcing is, therefore, profitable for the
charity only if giving is very price-inelastic. This,
however, clashes with empirical evidence. We show that paid
solicitations can benefit the charity if: (1) donors are
unaware; (2) donors have intense “warm-glow”
preferences; or (3) the charity worries mostly about
watchdog ratings. We argue that informing the public of the
mere existence of paid solicitations may be the most
effective policy available.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jebo.2017.02.017},
Key = {fds320424}
}
@article{fds239263,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Andreoni-Mcguire Algorithm and the Limits of Warm-Glow
Giving},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {114},
Pages = {101-107},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.09.005},
Abstract = {We provide a full equilibrium characterization of warm-glow
giving à la Andreoni (1989, 1990) by extending the
Andreoni-McGuire (1993) algorithm. We then generalize and
offer an intuitive meaning to the large-economy crowding-out
results by Ribar and Wilhelm (2002). The algorithm indexes
individuals according to their free-riding levels of the
public good. This level is finite for an individual whose
donation is always dictated by some altruism or concern for
charity. We show that if all individuals have finite
free-riding levels, then the crowding-out is complete in a
large economy. If, on the other hand, a non-negligible
fraction of the population never free rides, then the
crowding-out is zero in a large economy. We discuss
implications of these extreme crowding-out predictions for
charitable behavior and fund-raising strategies. © 2013
Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.09.005},
Key = {fds239263}
}
@article{fds239266,
Author = {H. Yildirim and Krasteva, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {(Un)Informed charitable giving},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {106},
Pages = {14-26},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0047-2727},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.06.011},
Abstract = {Evidence suggests little informed giving. To understand this
behavior, we examine voluntary provision of a discrete
public good with independent private values that can be
ascertained at a cost. We find that an individual who
considers a smaller contribution is less likely to learn her
value, and thus the percentage of informed giving diminishes
as the population grows. We also find that a direct grant to
the charity exacerbates crowding-out by discouraging
information acquisition whereas a matching grant increases
donations by encouraging it. We further show that with
costly information, a (first-order) stochastic increase in
values can decrease donations; and that facilitating private
acquisition of information can be a better fund-raising
strategy than directly supplying it. © 2013 Elsevier
B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2013.06.011},
Key = {fds239266}
}
@article{fds325839,
Author = {Name-Correa, AJ and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A Theory of Charitable Fund-Raising with Costly
Solicitations},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {103},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1091-1107},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
Abstract = {We present a theory of charitable fund-raising in which it
is costly to solicit donors. We fully characterize the
solicitation strategy that maximizes donations net of
fund-raising costs. It is optimal for the fund-raiser to
target only the "net contributors" -- donors who would give
more than their solicitation costs. We show that as the
income inequality increases, so does the level of the public
good, despite a (potentially) non-monotonic fund-raising
strategy. This implies that costly fund-raising can provide
a novel explanation for the non-neutrality of income
redistributions and government grants often found in
empirical studies.},
Key = {fds325839}
}
@article{fds239268,
Author = {H. Yildirim and Krasteva, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Payoff uncertainty, bargaining power, and the strategic
sequencing of bilateral negotiations},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {514-536},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2012},
Month = {Spring},
ISSN = {0741-6261},
url = {http://econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/StrategicSequencing.pdf},
Abstract = {This article investigates the sequencing choice of a buyer
who negotiates with the sellers of two complementary objects
with uncertain payoffs. The possibility of inefficient trade
may generate strict sequencing preference. The buyer begins
with the weaker seller if the sellers have diverse
bargaining powers and with the stronger one if both sellers
are strong bargainers. This sequencing is likely to increase
the social surplus. Moreover, the buyer may find it optimal
to raise her own acquisition cost by committing to a minimum
purchase price or outsourcing. The first- and second-mover
advantages for the sellers are also identified. © 2012,
RAND.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1756-2171.2012.00184.x},
Key = {fds239268}
}
@article{fds239267,
Author = {H. Yildirim and Krasteva, S and Yildirim, H},
Title = {On the role of confidentiality and deadlines in bilateral
negotiations},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {75},
Number = {2},
Pages = {714-730},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://public.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/BilateralNego.pdf},
Abstract = {The preference between public and private negotiations for a
buyer who sequentially visits two sellers is examined. It is
shown that the buyer (weakly) prefers private negotiations
so as to create strategic uncertainty about the trade
history. With substitute goods, such uncertainty is valuable
only when price offers have short deadlines that prevent a
head-to-head competition. With complementary goods,
strategic uncertainty is valuable to the extent that price
coordination becomes a concern for sellers, which is likely
to be the case when sellers possess high bargaining powers;
their price offers have short deadlines; and/or goods are
weak complements. Sellers' strategic deadline choices as
well as their incentives to disclose information about
negotiations are also investigated. © 2012 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2012.01.009},
Key = {fds239267}
}
@article{fds239269,
Author = {H. Yildirim and Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Subjective performance and the value of blind
evaluation},
Journal = {Review of Economic Studies},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {762-794},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0034-6527},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/EvaluateRev.pdf},
Abstract = {The incentive and project selection effects of agent
anonymity are investigated in a setting where an evaluator
observes a subjective signal of project quality. Although
the evaluator cannot commit ex ante to an acceptance
criterion, she decides up front between informed review,
where the agent's ability is directly observable, or blind
review, where it is not. An ideal acceptance criterion
balances the goals of incentive provision and project
selection. Relative to this, informed review results in an
excessively steep equilibrium acceptance policy: the
standard applied to low-ability agents is too stringent and
the standard applied to high-ability agents is too lenient.
Blind review, in which all types face the same standard,
often provides better incentives, but it ignores valuable
information for selecting projects. The evaluator prefers a
policy of blind (respectively informed) review when the
ability distribution puts more weight on high (respectively
low) types, the agent's pay-off from acceptance is high
(respectively low), or the quality signal is precise
(respectively imprecise). Applications discussed include the
admissibility of character evidence in criminal trials and
academic refereeing. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of The Review of Economic Studies
Limited.},
Doi = {10.1093/restud/rdq005},
Key = {fds239269}
}
@article{fds199202,
Title = {Andreoni‐McGuire Algorithm and the Limits of Warm‐Glow
Giving},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds199202}
}
@article{fds239271,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Public information and electoral bias},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {68},
Number = {1},
Pages = {353-375},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0899-8256},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/elections.pdf},
Abstract = {We present a theory of voting that predicts that elections
are more likely to be close, and voter turnout is more
likely to be high when citizens possess better public
information about the composition of the electorate. These
findings suggest that providing more information to
potential voters about aggregate political preferences
(e.g., through pre-election polls or expert forecasts) may
undermine the democratic process. Our analysis reveals that
if the distribution of political preferences is common
knowledge, then the unique type-symmetric equilibrium leads
to a stark neutrality result in which each alternative is
equally likely to win the election. By contrast, when
citizens are ignorant about the preference distribution, the
majority is more likely to win the election and expected
voter turnout is lower. Welfare is, therefore, unambiguously
higher when citizens possess less information about the
preference distribution. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2009.06.007},
Key = {fds239271}
}
@article{fds239272,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Distribution of surplus in sequential bargaining with
endogenous recognition},
Journal = {Public Choice},
Volume = {142},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {41-57},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5829},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/SeqBargain.pdf},
Abstract = {I examine a sequential bargaining situation in which agents
contest the right to propose an allocation. The contest can
either take place at a pre-bargaining stage, yielding
"persistent recognition" to propose, or recur throughout the
bargaining, yielding "transitory recognition". Equilibrium
analysis reveals that surplus is distributed more unequally
under persistent recognition; social cost is higher under
persistent recognition if and only if it attracts a
sufficient number of "active" bargainers; and individual's
incentive to propose under transitory recognition may
actually increase in the number of agents, while this
incentive always diminishes under persistent recognition. ©
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11127-009-9470-7},
Key = {fds239272}
}
@article{fds335443,
Author = {Taylor, CR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {A unified analysis of rational voting with private values
and group-specific costs},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {457-471},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/turnout.pdf},
Abstract = {We provide a unified analysis of the canonical rational
voting model with privately known political preferences and
costs of voting. Focusing on type-symmetric equilibrium, we
show that for small electorates, members of the minority
group vote with a strictly higher probability than do those
in the majority, but the majority is strictly more likely to
win the election. As the electorate size grows without
bound, equilibrium outcome is completely determined by the
individuals possessing the lowest cost of voting in each
political group. We relate our equilibrium characterization
to Myerson's Poisson games, and examine the potential
uniqueness of equilibrium. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2010.02.008},
Key = {fds335443}
}
@article{fds192450,
Title = {Time-Consistent Majority Rules with Interdependent
Valuations},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/InterdependentVotingR1.pdf},
Key = {fds192450}
}
@article{fds325840,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Time-Consistent Majority Rules and Heterogenous Preferences
in Group Decision-Making},
Year = {2010},
Abstract = {This paper studies a collective decision problem in which a
group of individuals with interdependent preferences vote
whether or not to implement a public project of unknown
value. A utilitarian social planner aggregates these votes
according to a majority rule; but, unlike what is commonly
assumed in the literature, the planner is unable to commit
to the rule before votes are cast. Characterizing the
time-consistent majority rules, we find that the ex ante
optimal majority rule is time-consistent; but for groups
whose members have sufficiently homogenous preferences,
there is an ex ante suboptimal rule that is also
time-consistent. Thus, in the absence of an ex ante
commitment, the social planner prefers a relatively
heterogeneous group in which strategic voting incentives are
weak. This finding is in sharp contrast with the observation
that under an exogenously given majority rule, the social
planner prefers the most homogenous group. Applications to
trial jury and advisory committee formations as well as
academic hiring decisions are discussed.},
Key = {fds325840}
}
@article{fds239278,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Proposal power and majority rule in multilateral bargaining
with costly recognition},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {136},
Number = {1},
Pages = {167-196},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-0531},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1936 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {This paper studies a sequential bargaining model in which
agents expend efforts to be the proposer. In equilibrium,
agents' effort choices are influenced by the prize and cost
effects. The (endogenous) prize is the difference between
the residual surplus an agent obtains when he is the
proposer and the payment he expects to receive when he is
not. Main results include: (1) under the unanimity voting
rule, two agents with equal marginal costs propose with
equal probabilities, regardless of their time preferences;
(2) under a nonunanimity rule, however, the more patient
agent proposes with a greater probability; (3) while, under
the unanimity rule, the social cost decreases in group
heterogeneity, it can increase under a nonunanimity rule;
and (4) when agents are identical, the unanimity rule is
socially optimal. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2006.07.008},
Key = {fds239278}
}
@article{fds325841,
Author = {YILDIRIM, H},
Title = {Getting the Ball Rolling: Voluntary Contributions to a
Large-Scale Public Project},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economic Theory},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {503-528},
Year = {2006},
Month = {October},
Abstract = {This paper examines dynamic voluntary contributions to a
large-scale project. In equilibrium, contributions are
influenced by the interplay of two opposing incentives.
While agents prefer to free ride on others for
contributions, they also prefer to encourage others to
contribute by increasing their own. Main findings of the
paper are that (1) agents increase their contributions as
the project moves forward; (2) as additional agents join the
group, existing agents increase their contributions in the
initial stages of the project while reducing them in the
stages close to completion; (3) groups that are formed by
more patient agents and that undertake larger projects tend
to be larger; and (4) groups that rely on voluntary
contributions tend to be too small compared to the social
optimum. The empirical evidence on contributions to
open-source software projects provides partial support for
these findings. Copyright 2006 Blackwell Publishing,
Inc..},
Key = {fds325841}
}
@misc{fds46671,
Author = {Tracy Lewis},
Title = {Managing Dynamic Procurements},
Booktitle = {in Dimitri et al. (Eds.), Handbook of Procurement, Cambridge
University Press, 2006, ch. 17. pp. 433-45.},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/LewisYildirimREV.pdf},
Key = {fds46671}
}
@article{fds239275,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Managing switching costs in multiperiod procurements with
strategic buyers},
Journal = {International Economic Review},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1233-1269},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0020-6598},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Switching_Final_Rev.pdf},
Abstract = {This article examines the use of switching costs by
long-lived strategic buyers to manage dynamic competition
between rival suppliers. The analysis reveals how buyers may
employ switching costs to their advantage. We show that when
switching costs are high, a buyer may induce suppliers to
price more competitively by credibly threatening to replace
the incumbent supplier with his rivals. The implications of
this finding for adoption of technology and firm
organization are explored in settings in which the buyer is
integrated with the suppliers and where the buyer is an
outsourcer.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2354.2005.00366.x},
Key = {fds239275}
}
@article{fds239277,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Contests with multiple rounds},
Journal = {Games and Economic Behavior},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Pages = {213-227},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Contests.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper studies contests where players have the
flexibility to add to their previous efforts after observing
their rivals' most recent effort in an intermediate stage.
It is found that (1) contrary to previous findings, the
Stackelberg outcome where the underdog leads and the
favorite follows cannot be an equilibrium. (2) There are
multiple subgame perfect equilibria all occurring on the
underdog's usual one-shot reaction function in-between and
including the one-shot Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg outcome
with the favorite leading. (3) The total equilibrium effort
is typically greater than or equal to what a one-shot
Cournot-Nash play would predict; and (4) in settings where
players can choose whether or not to disclose their early
actions to the rival, both the favorite and the underdog
disclose in equilibrium. Applications in sports, lobbying,
and R&D races are discussed. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.geb.2004.03.004},
Key = {fds239277}
}
@article{fds239274,
Author = {Romano, R and Yildirim, H},
Title = {On the endogeneity of Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg
equilibria: Games of accumulation},
Journal = {Journal of Economic Theory},
Volume = {120},
Number = {1},
Pages = {73-107},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1946 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We characterize equilibria of games with two properties: (i)
Agents have the opportunity to adjust their strategic
variable after their initial choices and before payoffs
occur; but (ii) they can only add to their initial amounts.
The equilibrium set consists of just the Cournot-Nash
outcome, one or both Stackelberg outcomes, or a continuum of
points including the Cournot-Nash outcome and one or both
Stackelberg outcomes. A simple theorem that uses agents'
standard one-period reaction functions and the one-period
Cournot-Nash and Stackelberg equilibria delineates the
equilibrium set. Applications include contribution,
oligopoly, and rent-seeking games. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jet.2003.12.005},
Key = {fds239274}
}
@article{fds239276,
Author = {Yildirim, H},
Title = {Piecewise procurement of a large-scale project},
Journal = {International Journal of Industrial Organization},
Volume = {22},
Number = {8-9},
Pages = {1349-1375},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Seq_procure.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper studies the optimal piecewise procurement of a
large-scale project. In the unique Markov Perfect
Equilibrium (MPE) of the dynamic procurement game, it is
found that (1) unlike the static setting, the procurer's
optimal strategy depends on the number of suppliers and more
importantly, it is nonmonotonic. As one more supplier
participates in the procurement auction, the procurer
softens competition in the initial stages by including more
cost "types" while increasing competition in the mature
stages; (2) this, in turn, implies that existing suppliers
might favor participation of additional suppliers; (3)
absent scheduling and/or resource constraints, the procurer
prefers to procure the project as one piece if the
suppliers' technology exhibits constant or increasing
returns, and no additional suppliers are enticed to bid; and
(4) the optimal dynamic mechanism can be easily implemented
via a sequence of dominant strategy auctions of the Vickrey
type. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijindorg.2004.08.002},
Key = {fds239276}
}
@article{fds239282,
Author = {H. Yildirim and Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Managing dynamic competition},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {92},
Number = {4},
Pages = {779-797},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1737 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {In many important high-technology markets, including
software development, data processing, communications,
aeronautics, and defense, suppliers learn through experience
how to provide better service at lower cost. This paper
examines how a buyer designs dynamic competition among rival
suppliers to exploit learning economies while minimizing the
costs of becoming locked in to one producer. Strategies for
controlling dynamic competition include the handicapping of
more efficient suppliers in procurement competitions, the
protection and allocation of intellectual property, and the
sharing of information among rival suppliers. (JEL C73, D44,
L10).},
Doi = {10.1257/00028280260344461},
Key = {fds239282}
}
@article{fds239281,
Author = {Lewis, TR and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Learning by doing and dynamic regulation},
Journal = {RAND Journal of Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {22-36},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Regulation.pdf},
Abstract = {From experience, regulated monopolists learn to employ
cost-reducing innovations. We characterize the optimal
regulation of an innovating monopolist with unknown costs.
Regulatory policy is designed to minimize current costs of
service while encouraging development of cost-saving
innovations. We find that under optimal regulation, (i)
innovation is encouraged by light-handed regulation allowing
the monopolist to earn greater information rents while
providing greater service, (ii) innovation occurs in the
absence of long-term agreements when private information is
recurring, and (iii) innovation is more rapid in a durable
franchise, and the regulator prefers durable franchises for
exploiting learning economies.},
Doi = {10.2307/2696373},
Key = {fds239281}
}
@article{fds239280,
Author = {Romano, R and Yildirim, H},
Title = {Why charities announce donations: A positive
perspective},
Journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
Volume = {81},
Number = {3},
Pages = {423-447},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Charity_JPubE.pdf},
Abstract = {Charities frequently announce contributions of donors as
they accrue. Doing so induces donors to play a
sequential-move rather than simultaneous-move game. We
examine the conditions under which a charity prefers such
sequential play. It is known that if donors only value
contributions through their effect on the total provision of
a public good, then the charity will not announce
contributions sequentially. However, with more general
utility functions that include additional effects such as
warm-glow or snob appeal, the charity may benefit from
announcing contributions. © Elsevier Science
S.A.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0047-2727(00)00078-5},
Key = {fds239280}
}
@article{fds239279,
Author = {Demski, JS and Lewis, TR and Yao, D and Yildirim,
H},
Title = {Practices for managing information flows within
organizations},
Journal = {Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-131},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yildirh/Organization.pdf},
Abstract = {Firm organization determines how coworkers communicate and
how information flows within the firm. Banking, accounting,
consulting, and legal firms process proprietary information
which their clients wish to protect. The firm's ability to
safeguard and manage information determines its market
demand. Yet employees may leak and otherwise abuse
information to enhance their personal performance and
wealth. This article analyzes how bureaucracies are erected
within the firm to control information flows and protect
cleints.},
Doi = {10.1093/jleo/15.1.107},
Key = {fds239279}
}
%% Yoo, Hanwook
@article{fds26528,
Author = {Hanwook Yoo},
Title = {The Effect of Audit Capacity Constraint on Optimal Income
Tax Enforcement Mechanisms},
Journal = {Working Paper},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~hy5/file/jobmkt.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper aims to study optimal income tax enforcement
mechanisms in multi-agent settings. Imposing an audit
capacity constraint on the model, we characterize optimal
mechanisms both in a situation of the single audit class and
in a context of the multiple audit classes. When the tax
authority faces the audit capacity constraint, the
probability of auditing one agent should be dependent on the
other agents’ income reports. In addition, if the
parameters for the individual rationality constraints are
sufficiently high so that the tax authority can collect a
considerable portion of agents’ income, individual
rationality constraint for the high income agent does not
bind, which means that a new kind of rent is generated due
to the constraint. When there are multiple audit classes, it
turns out that this rent is concentrated on the one class
for which the marginal net revenue of auditing is lower than
the one for the other. This implies an overall tax schedule
may take a progressive form when the rent is concentrated on
the class with low incomes. We will further show that it is
optimal for the tax authority to use its audit capacity for
all the audit classes together while applying a different
audit procedure, and thus a different tax schedule to each
class.},
Key = {fds26528}
}
@article{fds26529,
Author = {Hanwook Yoo},
Title = {Optimal Income Tax Enforcement Mechanisms in General
Contexts},
Journal = {Working Paper},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {2004},
Month = {Spring},
url = {http://www.duke.edu/~hy5/file/essay_1.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper extends the existing literature on the optimal
taxation and auditing issues by presenting a study on the
optimal tax mechanism in some general contexts. We provide a
full characterization of the optimal tax mechanism, defined
to be a pair of the optimal tax schedule and audit
procedure, in a context with multiple income levels and the
one with multiple income components respectively. We
consider two different but equally reasonable assumptions as
to what determines penalty amounts: unreported incomes or
unpaid taxes. At the optimal tax mechanism in a multiple
income level context where we suppose there are more than
two income levels, the tax schedule is a regressive one
kinked at some intermediate income level and the audit
policy involves a random auditing with a cut- off rule: the
audit probability for each income is a positive value equal
to a parameter given in the model or 0, depending on whether
or not it is greater than some critical level. The feature
of the optimal mechanism is not sensitive to the penalty
assumptions. In a multiple income component context where
there are two income components, tax schedule is not always
regressive and the audit policy is not as simple as in the
single component context. Here the optimal tax mechanism is
sensitive to the penalty assumptions: the tax authority can
be better when the penalty is based on the unreported
incomes than when it is assessed by the unpaid taxes.
Comparing the multiple auditing setting with the single one,
we show that the former is not always preferred to the
latter unless the difference in audit efficiencies is big
enough.},
Key = {fds26529}
}
@article{fds26530,
Author = {Hanwook Yoo},
Title = {A Double-sided Moral Hazard Model of Share Contract with
Non-contractible Profit},
Journal = {Working Paper},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {2002},
Month = {Spring},
Key = {fds26530}
}
@article{fds26531,
Author = {Hanwook Yoo},
Title = {A Survey on Theory of Military Alliances},
Journal = {Korean Journal of Defense Anaysis (in Korean)},
Publisher = {Korea Institute for Defense Analysis},
Year = {1996},
Month = {Winter},
Key = {fds26531}
}
%% Yoshida, Kotaro
@article{fds42394,
Author = {K. Yoshida},
Title = {Theory of Zombie Lending},
Year = {2005},
Month = {Fall},
url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/~yoshidak/zombielending.pdf},
Key = {fds42394}
}
@article{fds42395,
Author = {K. Yoshida},
Title = {Macroeconomic Impact of Sectoral Reallocation},
Year = {2005},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds42395}
}
%% Zhang, Peng
@article{fds375216,
Author = {Mendis, KC and Li, X and Valdiviezo, J and Banziger, SD and Zhang, P and Ren, T and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Electron transfer rate modulation with mid-IR in
butadiyne-bridged donor-bridge-acceptor compounds.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1819-1828},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3cp03175f},
Abstract = {Controlling electron transfer (ET) processes in
donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) compounds by mid-IR excitation
can enhance our understanding of the ET dynamics and may
find practical applications in molecular sensing and
molecular-scale electronics. Alkyne moieties are attractive
to serve as ET bridges, as they offer the possibility of
fast ET and present convenient vibrational modes to perturb
the ET dynamics. Yet, these bridges introduce complexity
because of the strong torsion angle dependence of the ET
rates and transition dipoles among electronic states and a
shallow torsion barrier. In this study, we implemented
ultrafast 3-pulse laser spectroscopy to investigate how the
ET from the dimethyl aniline (D) electron donor to the
<i>N</i>-isopropyl-1,8-napthalimide (NAP) electron acceptor
can be altered by exciting the CC stretching mode
(<i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub>) of the butadiyne bridge linking
the donor and acceptor. The electron transfer was initiated
by electronically exciting the acceptor moiety at 400 nm,
followed by vibrational excitation of the alkyne,
<i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub>, and detecting the changes in the
absorption spectrum in the visible spectral region. The
experiments were performed at different delay times
<i>t</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>t</i><sub>2</sub>, which are the
delays between UV-mid-IR and mid-IR-Vis pulses,
respectively. Two sets of torsion-angle conformers were
identified, one featuring a very fast mean ET time of 0.63
ps (group A) and another featuring a slower mean ET time of
4.3 ps (group B), in the absence of the mid-IR excitation.
TD-DFT calculations were performed to determine key torsion
angle dependent molecular parameters, including the
electronic and vibrational transition dipoles, transition
frequencies, and electronic couplings. To describe the
3-pulse data, we developed a kinetic model that includes a
locally excited, acceptor-based S2 state, a charge separated
S1 state, and their vibrationally excited counterparts, with
either excited <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub> (denoted as
S1A<sup>tr</sup>, S1B<sup>tr</sup>, S2A<sup>tr</sup>, and
S2B<sup>tr</sup>, where tr stands for the excited triplet
bond, <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub>) or excited daughter modes
of the <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub> relaxation
(S1A<sup>h</sup>, S1B<sup>h</sup>, S2A<sup>h</sup>, and
S2B<sup>h</sup>, where h stands for vibrationally hot
species). The kinetic model was solved analytically, and the
species-associated spectra (SAS) were determined numerically
using a matrix approach, treating first the experiments with
longer <i>t</i><sub>1</sub> delays and then using the
already determined SAS for modeling the experiments with
shorter <i>t</i><sub>1</sub> delays. Strong vibronic
coupling of <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub> and of vibrationally
hot states makes the analysis complicated. Nevertheless, the
SAS were identified and the ET rates of the vibrationally
excited species, S2A<sup>tr</sup>, S2B<sup>tr</sup> and
S2B<sup>h</sup>, were determined. The results show that the
ET rate for the S2A species is <i>ca.</i> 1.2-fold slower
when the <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub> mode is excited. The ET
rate for species S2B is slower by <i>ca.</i> 1.3-fold if the
compound is vibrationally hot and is essentially unchanged
when the <i>ν</i><sub>CC</sub> mode is excited. The SAS
determined for the tr and h species resemble the SAS for
their respective precursor species in the 2-pulse transient
absorption experiments, which validates the procedure used
and the results.},
Doi = {10.1039/d3cp03175f},
Key = {fds375216}
}
@article{fds375353,
Author = {Dunlap-Shohl, WA and Tabassum, N and Zhang, P and Shiby, E and Beratan,
DN and Waldeck, DH},
Title = {Electron-donating functional groups strengthen
ligand-induced chiral imprinting on CsPbBr3
quantum dots.},
Journal = {Scientific reports},
Volume = {14},
Number = {1},
Pages = {336},
Year = {2024},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50595-2},
Abstract = {Chiral perovskite nanoparticles and films are promising for
integration in emerging spintronic and optoelectronic
technologies, yet few design rules exist to guide the
development of chiral material properties. The chemical
space of potential building blocks for these nanostructures
is vast, and the mechanisms through which organic ligands
can impart chirality to the inorganic perovskite lattice are
not well understood. In this work, we investigate how the
properties of chiral ammonium ligands, the most common
organic ligand type used with perovskites, affect the
circular dichroism of strongly quantum confined
CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals. We show that aromatic
ammonium ligands with stronger electron-donating groups lead
to higher-intensity circular dichroism associated with the
lowest-energy excitonic transition of the perovskite
nanocrystal. We argue that this behavior is best explained
by a modulation of the exciton wavefunction overlap between
the nanocrystal and the organic ligand, as the functional
groups on the ligand can shift electron density toward the
organic species-perovskite lattice interface to increase the
imprinting.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-50595-2},
Key = {fds375353}
}
@article{fds371595,
Author = {Sun, K and Fang, C and Kang, M and Zhang, Z and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Brown, KR and Kim, J},
Title = {Quantum Simulation of Polarized Light-Induced Electron
Transfer with a Trapped-Ion Qutrit System.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters},
Volume = {14},
Number = {26},
Pages = {6071-6077},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01166},
Abstract = {Electron transfer within and between molecules is crucial in
chemistry, biochemistry, and energy science. This study
describes a quantum simulation method that explores the
influence of light polarization on electron transfer between
two molecules. By implementing precise and coherent control
among the quantum states of trapped atomic ions, we can
induce quantum dynamics that mimic the electron-transfer
dynamics in molecules. We use three-level systems (qutrits),
rather than traditional two-level systems (qubits), to
enhance the simulation efficiency and realize high-fidelity
simulations of electron-transfer dynamics. We treat the
quantum interference between the electron coupling pathways
from a donor with two degenerate excited states to an
acceptor and analyze the transfer efficiency. We also
examine the potential error sources that enter the quantum
simulations. The trapped-ion systems have favorable scalings
with system size compared to those of classical computers,
promising access to richer electron-transfer
simulations.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01166},
Key = {fds371595}
}
@article{fds370446,
Author = {Terai, K and Yuly, JL and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Correlated particle transport enables biological free energy
transduction.},
Journal = {Biophysical journal},
Volume = {122},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1762-1771},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.009},
Abstract = {Studies of biological transport frequently neglect the
explicit statistical correlations among particle site
occupancies (i.e., they use a mean-field approximation).
Neglecting correlations sometimes captures biological
function, even for out-of-equilibrium and interacting
systems. We show that neglecting correlations fails to
describe free energy transduction, mistakenly predicting an
abundance of slippage and energy dissipation, even for
networks that are near reversible and lack interactions
among particle sites. Interestingly, linear charge transport
chains are well described without including correlations,
even for networks that are driven and include site-site
interactions typical of biological electron transfer chains.
We examine three specific bioenergetic networks: a linear
electron transfer chain (as found in bacterial nanowires), a
near-reversible electron bifurcation network (as in complex
III of respiration and other recently discovered
structures), and a redox-coupled proton pump (as in complex
IV of respiration).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.009},
Key = {fds370446}
}
@article{fds367472,
Author = {Chowdhury, SN and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Interference between Molecular and Photon Field-Mediated
Electron Transfer Coupling Pathways in Cavities.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters},
Volume = {13},
Number = {42},
Pages = {9822-9828},
Year = {2022},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02496},
Abstract = {Cavity polaritonics creates novel opportunities to direct
chemical reactions. Electron transfer (ET) reactions are
among the simplest reactions, and they underpin energy
conversion. New strategies to manipulate and direct electron
flow at the nanoscale are of particular interest in
biochemistry, energy science, bioinspired materials science,
and chemistry. We show that optical cavities can modulate
electron transfer pathway interferences and ET rates in
donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) systems. We derive the rate for
DBA electron transfer when the molecules are coupled to
cavity modes, emphasizing novel cavity-induced pathway
interferences with the molecular electronic coupling
pathways, as these interferences allow a new kind of ET rate
tuning. The interference between the cavity-induced coupling
pathways and the intrinsic molecular coupling pathway is
dependent on the cavity properties. Thus, manipulating the
interference between the cavity-induced DA coupling and the
bridge-mediated coupling offers an approach to direct and
manipulate charge flow at the nanoscale.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02496},
Key = {fds367472}
}
@article{fds367473,
Author = {Yuly, JL and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {A landscape for efficient electron bifurcation revealed by a
simple kinetics model},
Journal = {Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics},
Volume = {1863},
Pages = {148737-148737},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148737},
Doi = {10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148737},
Key = {fds367473}
}
@article{fds367322,
Author = {Liu, KT and Song, FF and Beratan, DN and Zhang, P},
Title = {Suppressing the entanglement growth in matrix product state
evolution of quantum systems through nonunitary similarity
transformations},
Journal = {Physical Review B},
Volume = {106},
Number = {10},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.104306},
Abstract = {In strong-coupling regimes, quantum dynamical effects can
alter conventional physics described by perturbation
theories, but the dynamical simulations of these quantum
systems using matrix product states - such as multilevel
vibronic systems that are relevant to energy and electron
transfer reactions - suffer from rapid entanglement growth
during their real-time evolution, impeding explorations of
spectra, dynamics, and kinetics. We examine the possibility
of using nonunitary transformations to alter dynamical
entanglement growth in matrix-product-state simulations of
quantum systems, using the spin-boson model to showcase the
reduced entanglement. By appropriately choosing the
transformation, the entanglement growth rate is suppressed,
improving the efficiency of quantum dynamical simulations.
Entanglement control is achieved by the transformation-induced
biased transitions among the system quantum states, and by
"projecting"(approximately) the system quantum state to one
of the eigenstates of the system-bath coupling operator,
thus controlling the energy exchange between the system and
the bath. The transformation can be applied to quantum
many-body systems, including spin chains and multilevel
vibronic systems; the approach improves the numerical
efficiency of the matrix product state simulations.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.106.104306},
Key = {fds367322}
}
@article{fds365825,
Author = {Peterson, EJ and Rawson, J and Beratan, DN and Zhang, P and Therien,
MJ},
Title = {Regulating Singlet-Triplet Energy Gaps through
Substituent-Driven Modulation of the Exchange and Coulomb
Interactions.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
Volume = {144},
Number = {34},
Pages = {15457-15461},
Year = {2022},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c06713},
Abstract = {Control of the singlet-triplet energy gap
(Δ<i>E</i><sub>ST</sub>) is central to realizing productive
energy conversion reactions, photochemical reaction
trajectories, and emergent applications that exploit
molecular spin physics. Despite this, no systematic methods
have been defined to tune Δ<i>E</i><sub>ST</sub> in simple
molecular frameworks, let alone by an approach that also
holds chromophore size and electronic structural parameters
(such as the HOMO-LUMO gap) constant. Using a combination of
molecular design, photophysical and potentiometric
experiments, and quantum chemical analyses, we show that the
degree of electron-electron repulsion in excited singlet and
triplet states may be finely controlled through the
substitution pattern of a simple porphyrin absorber,
enabling regulation of relative electronically excited
singlet and triplet state energies by the designed
restriction of the electron-electron Coulomb (<i>J</i>) and
exchange (<i>K</i>) interaction magnitudes. This approach
modulates the Δ<i>E</i><sub>ST</sub> magnitude by
controlling the densities of state in the occupied and
virtual molecular orbital manifolds, natural transition
orbital polarization, and the relative contributions of one
electron transitions involving select natural transition
orbital pairs. This road map, which regulates electron
density overlaps in the occupied and virtual states that
define the singlet and triplet wave functions of these
chromophores, enables new approaches to preserve excitation
energy despite intersystem crossing.},
Doi = {10.1021/jacs.2c06713},
Key = {fds365825}
}
@article{fds363058,
Author = {Roy, PP and Kundu, S and Valdiviezo, J and Bullard, G and Fletcher, JT and Liu, R and Yang, S-J and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Therien, MJ and Makri, N and Fleming, GR},
Title = {Synthetic Control of Exciton Dynamics in Bioinspired
Cofacial Porphyrin Dimers.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
Volume = {144},
Number = {14},
Pages = {6298-6310},
Year = {2022},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c12889},
Abstract = {Understanding how the complex interplay among excitonic
interactions, vibronic couplings, and reorganization energy
determines coherence-enabled transport mechanisms is a grand
challenge with both foundational implications and potential
payoffs for energy science. We use a combined experimental
and theoretical approach to show how a modest change in
structure may be used to modify the exciton delocalization,
tune electronic and vibrational coherences, and alter the
mechanism of exciton transfer in covalently linked cofacial
Zn-porphyrin dimers (<i>meso-beta</i> linked
<i>AB</i><sub><i>m-β</i></sub> and <i>meso-meso</i> linked
<i>AA</i><sub><i>m-m</i></sub>). While both
<i>AB</i><sub><i>m-β</i></sub> and <i>AA</i><sub><i>m-m</i></sub>
feature zinc porphyrins linked by a 1,2-phenylene bridge,
differences in the interporphyrin connectivity set the
lateral shift between macrocycles, reducing electronic
coupling in <i>AB</i><sub><i>m-β</i></sub> and resulting in
a localized exciton. Pump-probe experiments show that the
exciton dynamics is faster by almost an order of magnitude
in the strongly coupled <i>AA</i><sub><i>m-m</i></sub>
dimer, and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES)
identifies a vibronic coherence that is absent in
<i>AB</i><sub><i>m-β</i></sub>. Theoretical studies
indicate how the interchromophore interactions in these
structures, and their system-bath couplings, influence
excitonic delocalization and vibronic coherence-enabled
rapid exciton transport dynamics. Real-time path integral
calculations reproduce the exciton transfer kinetics
observed experimentally and find that the linking-modulated
exciton delocalization strongly enhances the contribution of
vibronic coherences to the exciton transfer mechanism, and
that this coherence accelerates the exciton transfer
dynamics. These benchmark molecular design, 2DES, and
theoretical studies provide a foundation for directed
explorations of nonclassical effects on exciton dynamics in
multiporphyrin assemblies.},
Doi = {10.1021/jacs.1c12889},
Key = {fds363058}
}
@article{fds362421,
Author = {Wiebelhaus, N and Singh, N and Zhang, P and Craig, SL and Beratan, DN and Fitzgerald, MC},
Title = {Discovery of the Xenon-Protein Interactome Using Large-Scale
Measurements of Protein Folding and Stability.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
Volume = {144},
Number = {9},
Pages = {3925-3938},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c11900},
Abstract = {The intermolecular interactions of noble gases in biological
systems are associated with numerous biochemical responses,
including apoptosis, inflammation, anesthesia, analgesia,
and neuroprotection. The molecular modes of action
underlying these responses are largely unknown. This is in
large part due to the limited experimental techniques to
study protein-gas interactions. The few techniques that are
amenable to such studies are relatively low-throughput and
require large amounts of purified proteins. Thus, they do
not enable the large-scale analyses that are useful for
protein target discovery. Here, we report the application of
stability of proteins from rates of oxidation (SPROX) and
limited proteolysis (LiP) methodologies to detect
protein-xenon interactions on the proteomic scale using
protein folding stability measurements. Over 5000
methionine-containing peptides and over 5000 semi-tryptic
peptides, mapping to ∼1500 and ∼950 proteins,
respectively, in the yeast proteome, were assayed for
Xe-interacting activity using the SPROX and LiP techniques.
The SPROX and LiP analyses identified 31 and 60
Xe-interacting proteins, respectively, none of which were
previously known to bind Xe. A bioinformatics analysis of
the proteomic results revealed that these Xe-interacting
proteins were enriched in those involved in ATP-driven
processes. A fraction of the protein targets that were
identified are tied to previously established modes of
action related to xenon's anesthetic and organoprotective
properties. These results enrich our knowledge and
understanding of biologically relevant xenon interactions.
The sample preparation protocols and analytical
methodologies developed here for xenon are also generally
applicable to the discovery of a wide range of other
protein-gas interactions in complex biological mixtures,
such as cell lysates.},
Doi = {10.1021/jacs.1c11900},
Key = {fds362421}
}
@article{fds362439,
Author = {Liu, KT and Beratan, DN and Zhang, P},
Title = {Improving the efficiency of open-quantum-system simulations
using matrix product states in the interaction
picture},
Journal = {Physical Review A},
Volume = {105},
Number = {3},
Year = {2022},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.032406},
Abstract = {Modeling open quantum systems-quantum systems coupled to a
bath-is of value in condensed-matter theory, cavity quantum
electrodynamics, nanosciences, and biophysics. The real-time
simulation of open quantum systems was advanced
significantly by the recent development of chain mapping
techniques and the use of matrix product states that exploit
the intrinsic entanglement structure in open quantum
systems. The computational cost of simulating open quantum
systems, however, remains high when the bath is excited to
high-lying quantum states. We develop an approach to reduce
the computational costs in such cases. The interaction
representation for the open quantum system is used to
distribute excitations among the bath degrees of freedom so
that the occupation of each bath oscillator is ensured to be
low. The interaction picture also causes the matrix
dimensions to be much smaller in a matrix product state of a
chain-mapped open quantum system than in the Schrödinger
picture. Using the interaction representation accelerates
the calculations by one to two orders of magnitude over the
existing matrix-product-state method. In the regime of
strong system-bath coupling and high temperatures, the
speedup can be as large as three orders of magnitude. The
approach developed here is especially promising to simulate
the dynamics of open quantum systems in high-temperature and
strong-coupling regimes.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.105.032406},
Key = {fds362439}
}
@article{fds362422,
Author = {Ko, C-H and Zhu, Q and Tassinari, F and Bullard, G and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Naaman, R and Therien, MJ},
Title = {Twisted molecular wires polarize spin currents at room
temperature.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {119},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e2116180119},
Year = {2022},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2116180119},
Abstract = {A critical spintronics challenge is to develop molecular
wires that render efficiently spin-polarized currents.
Interplanar torsional twisting, driven by chiral
binucleating ligands in highly conjugated molecular wires,
gives rise to large near-infrared rotational strengths. The
large scalar product of the electric and magnetic dipole
transition moments ([Formula: see text]), which are evident
in the low-energy absorptive manifolds of these wires, makes
possible enhanced chirality-induced spin selectivity-derived
spin polarization. Magnetic-conductive atomic force
microscopy experiments and spin-Hall devices demonstrate
that these designs point the way to achieve high spin
selectivity and large-magnitude spin currents in chiral
materials.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2116180119},
Key = {fds362422}
}
@article{fds366127,
Author = {Georgieva, ZN and Zhang, Z and Zhang, P and Bloom, BP and Beratan, DN and Waldeck, DH},
Title = {Ligand Coverage and Exciton Delocalization Control Chiral
Imprinting in Perovskite Nanoplatelets},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {126},
Number = {37},
Pages = {15986-15995},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04192},
Abstract = {Chiral perovskites have recently generated significant
interest, yet little is known about how their chiro-optical
properties arise. In this study, chiral methylammonium lead
halide perovskite nanoplatelets (NPLs) with varied halide
and ligand compositions are prepared by using direct
synthetic methods. Circular dichroism (CD) and 1H NMR
studies find a nonlinear relationship between the
chiroptical properties and the ratio of chiral
phenylethylammonium (PEA) to achiral octylamine (OA) ligands
on the NPL surface. We use density functional theory (DFT)
computations and a chiral imprinted particle-in-a-box model
to rationalize the experimentally observed CD spectra, and
we find that the saturation of the induced chirality depends
on the size of the perovskite exciton relative to the size
of the ligand moleclues. Temperature-dependent CD and 1H NMR
studies, combined with DFT analysis, show that both the CD
intensity and sign depend strongly on the structure and
orientation of the ligands. This work reveals the complex
nature of chiral imprinting in perovskite nanostructures and
establishes a simple physical model for ligand-induced
chiral imprinting to guide the further development of chiral
materials.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04192},
Key = {fds366127}
}
@article{fds369814,
Author = {Chowdhury, SN and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Interference between Molecular and Photon Field-Mediated
Electron Transfer Coupling Pathways in Cavities
br},
Journal = {JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS},
Year = {2022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c024969822J},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c024969822J},
Key = {fds369814}
}
@article{fds357298,
Author = {Yuly, JL and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Energy transduction by reversible electron
bifurcation},
Journal = {Current Opinion in Electrochemistry},
Volume = {29},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2021.100767},
Abstract = {Electron bifurcation is a biological energy conversion
process that oxidizes a two-electron donor at medium
potential, coupled to the reduction of a high- and a
low-potential acceptor species. This process is often fully
reversible (can occur close to ΔG≈0), allowing the
creation of strong reductants with minimal free energy cost,
using compounds with higher reduction potentials. For many
years, the internal workings of electron bifurcating enzymes
were poorly understood, especially regarding how
short-circuit reactions are prevented. Recently, a conserved
energy landscape was proposed to naturally insulate against
short-circuit reactions, enabling efficient and reversible
electron bifurcation (the reversible EB scheme). We review
the physical principles that underpin the EB scheme,
describe how the reversible EB scheme is distinct from
previous views, and outline questions that remain
open.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.coelec.2021.100767},
Key = {fds357298}
}
@article{fds358478,
Author = {Valdiviezo, J and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Electron ratcheting in self-assembled soft
matter.},
Journal = {The Journal of chemical physics},
Volume = {155},
Number = {5},
Pages = {055102},
Year = {2021},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044420},
Abstract = {Ratcheted multi-step hopping electron transfer systems can
plausibly produce directional charge transport over very
large distances without requiring a source-drain voltage
bias. We examine molecular strategies to realize ratcheted
charge transport based on multi-step charge hopping, and we
illustrate two ratcheting mechanisms with examples based on
DNA structures. The charge transport times and currents that
may be generated in these assemblies are also estimated
using kinetic simulations. The first ratcheting mechanism
described for nanoscale systems requires local electric
fields on the 10<sup>9</sup> V/m scale to realize nearly
100% population transport. The second ratcheting mechanism
for even larger systems, based on electrochemical gating, is
estimated to generate currents as large as 0.1 pA for DNA
structures that are a few μm in length with a gate voltage
of about 5 V, a magnitude comparable to currents measured
in DNA wires at the nanoscale when a source-drain voltage
bias of similar magnitude is applied, suggesting an approach
to considerably extend the distance range over which DNA
charge transport devices may operate.},
Doi = {10.1063/5.0044420},
Key = {fds358478}
}
@article{fds356521,
Author = {Yuly, JL and Zhang, P and Ru, X and Terai, K and Singh, N and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Efficient and reversible electron bifurcation with either
normal or inverted potentials at the bifurcating
cofactor},
Journal = {Chem},
Volume = {7},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1870-1886},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2021.03.016},
Abstract = {A longstanding mystery surrounding electron bifurcation is
the significance of inverted (or “crossed”) reduction
potentials of the two-electron bifurcating cofactor. Using a
many-electron open-system kinetic model, we show that
reversible and efficient electron bifurcation is possible
without inverted reduction potentials at the bifurcating
site if the absolute value of the difference between first
and second reduction potentials of the bifurcating species
is sufficiently large (on the scale of the redox-potential
span of the high- and low-potential branches). Surprisingly,
the case with strong, normally ordered potentials at the
bifurcating cofactor can produce electron bifurcation that
is just as effective as the case with strongly inverted
potentials. This finding amplifies the puzzle surrounding
the recruitment of inverted potentials in the few
well-characterized bifurcating systems of nature and
suggests that electron bifurcating cofactors without
strongly inverted potentials may yet be discovered.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chempr.2021.03.016},
Key = {fds356521}
}
@article{fds358078,
Author = {Ru, X and Crane, BR and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Why Do Most Aromatics Fail to Support Hole Hopping in the
Cytochrome c Peroxidase-Cytochrome c
Complex?},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {125},
Number = {28},
Pages = {7763-7773},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05064},
Abstract = {Electron transport through aromatic species (especially
tryptophan and tyrosine) plays a central role in water
splitting, redox signaling, oxidative damage protection, and
bioenergetics. The cytochrome <i>c</i> peroxidase
(CcP)-cytochrome <i>c</i> (Cc) complex (CcP:Cc) is used
widely to study interprotein electron transfer (ET)
mechanisms. Tryptophan 191 (Trp191) of CcP supports hole
hopping charge recombination in the CcP:Cc complex.
Experimental studies find that when Trp191 is substituted by
tyrosine, phenylalanine, or redox-active aniline derivatives
bound in the W191G cavity, enzymatic activity and charge
recombination rates both decrease. Theoretical analysis of
these CcP:Cc complexes finds that the ET kinetics depend
strongly on the chemistry of the modified Trp site. The
computed electronic couplings in the W191F and W191G species
are orders of magnitude smaller than in the native protein,
due largely to the absence of a hopping intermediate and the
large tunneling distance. Small molecules bound in the W191G
cavity are weakly coupled electronically to the Cc heme, and
the structural disorder of the guest molecule in the binding
pocket may contribute further to the lack of enzymatic
activity. The couplings in W191Y are not substantially
weakened compared to the native species, but the redox
potential difference for tyrosine vs tryptophan oxidation
accounts for the slower rate in the Tyr mutant. Thus,
theoretical analysis explains why only the native Trp
supports rapid hole hopping in the CcP:Cc complex. Favorable
free energies and electronic couplings are essential for
establishing an efficient hole hopping relay in this
protein-protein complex.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05064},
Key = {fds358078}
}
@article{fds356015,
Author = {Valdiviezo, J and Clever, C and Beall, E and Pearse, A and Bae, Y and Zhang, P and Achim, C and Beratan, DN and Waldeck,
DH},
Title = {Delocalization-Assisted Transport through Nucleic Acids in
Molecular Junctions.},
Journal = {Biochemistry},
Volume = {60},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1368-1378},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00072},
Abstract = {The flow of charge through molecules is central to the
function of supramolecular machines, and charge transport in
nucleic acids is implicated in molecular signaling and DNA
repair. We examine the transport of electrons through
nucleic acids to understand the interplay of resonant and
nonresonant charge carrier transport mechanisms. This study
reports STM break junction measurements of peptide nucleic
acids (PNAs) with a G-block structure and contrasts the
findings with previous results for DNA duplexes. The
conductance of G-block PNA duplexes is much higher than that
of the corresponding DNA duplexes of the same sequence;
however, they do not display the strong even-odd dependence
conductance oscillations found in G-block DNA. Theoretical
analysis finds that the conductance oscillation magnitude in
PNA is suppressed because of the increased level of
electronic coupling interaction between G-blocks in PNA and
the stronger PNA-electrode interaction compared to that in
DNA duplexes. The strong interactions in the G-block PNA
duplexes produce molecular conductances as high as 3%
<i>G</i><sub>0</sub>, where <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> is the
quantum of conductance, for 5 nm duplexes.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00072},
Key = {fds356015}
}
@article{fds355015,
Author = {Nandi, A and Zhang, P and Chen, J and Guo, H and Bowman,
JM},
Title = {Quasiclassical simulations based on cluster models reveal
vibration-facilitated roaming in the isomerization of CO
adsorbed on NaCl.},
Journal = {Nature chemistry},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {249-254},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-020-00612-y},
Abstract = {The desire to better understand the quantum nature of
isomerization led to recent experimental observations of the
vibrationally induced isomerization of OC-NaCl(100) to
CO-NaCl(100). To investigate the mechanism of this
isomerization, we performed dynamics calculations using
finite (CO-NaCl)<sub>n</sub> cluster models. We constructed
new potential energy surfaces for CO-NaCl and CO-CO
interactions using high-level ab initio data and report key
properties of the bare CO-NaCl potential energy surface,
which show much in common with the experiment. We
investigated the isomerization dynamics using several
cluster models and, in all cases, isomerization was seen for
highly excited CO vibrational states, in agreement with
experiments. A detailed examination of the reaction
trajectories indicates that isomerization occurs when the
distance between CO and NaCl is larger than the distance at
the conventional isomerization saddle point, which is a
strong indicator of 'roaming'.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41557-020-00612-y},
Key = {fds355015}
}
@article{fds355016,
Author = {Bancroft, L and Zhang, J and Harvey, SM and Krzyaniak, MD and Zhang, P and Schaller, RD and Beratan, DN and Young, RM and Wasielewski,
MR},
Title = {Charge Transfer and Spin Dynamics in a Zinc Porphyrin Donor
Covalently Linked to One or Two Naphthalenediimide
Acceptors.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. A},
Volume = {125},
Number = {3},
Pages = {825-834},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10471},
Abstract = {Quantum coherence effects on charge transfer and spin
dynamics in a system having two degenerate electron
acceptors are studied using a zinc 5,10,15-tri(<i>n</i>-pentyl)-20-phenylporphyrin
(ZnP) electron donor covalently linked to either one or two
naphthalene-1,8:4,5-bis(dicarboximide) (NDI) electron
acceptors using an anthracene (An) spacer, ZnP-An-NDI
(<b>1</b>) and ZnP-An-NDI<sub>2</sub> (<b>2</b>),
respectively. Following photoexcitation of <b>1</b> and
<b>2</b> in toluene at 295 K, femtosecond transient
absorption spectroscopy shows that the electron transfer
(ET) rate constant for <b>2</b> is about three times larger
than that of <b>1</b>, which can be accounted for by the
statistical nature of incoherent ET as well as the electron
couplings for the charge separation reactions. In contrast,
the rate constant for charge recombination (CR) of <b>1</b>
is about 25% faster than that of <b>2</b>. Using femtosecond
transient infrared spectroscopy and theoretical analysis, we
find that the electron on NDI<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> in
<b>2</b> localizes onto one of the two NDIs prior to CR,
thus precluding electronically coherent CR from
NDI<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>. Conversely, CR in both
<b>1</b> and <b>2</b> is spin coherent as indicated by the
observation of a resonance in the <sup>3*</sup>ZnP yield
following CR as a function of applied magnetic field, giving
spin-spin exchange interaction energies of 2<i>J</i> = 210
and 236 mT, respectively, where the line width of the
resonance for <b>2</b> is greater than <b>1</b>. These data
show that while CR is a spin-coherent process, incoherent
hopping of the electron between the two NDIs in <b>2</b>,
consistent with the lack of delocalization noted above,
results in greater spin decoherence in <b>2</b> relative to
<b>1</b>.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10471},
Key = {fds355016}
}
@article{fds352774,
Author = {Bai, S and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Predicting Dexter Energy Transfer Interactions from
Molecular Orbital Overlaps},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {124},
Number = {35},
Pages = {18956-18960},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c06694},
Abstract = {Dexter energy transfer (DET), also known as spin forbidden
energy transfer (e.g., 3D1A → 1D3A), is undergoing a
resurgence of interest because of its utility in energy
science, photocatalysis, and biomedical imaging. The DET
reactions enable exciton fission and fusion and have been
recently used to facilitate nanoscale imaging of protein
assemblies on cell surfaces. While DET and Förster energy
transfer rates are often well described using Fermi's golden
rule, the donor-acceptor couplings for DET may be
bridge-state-mediated and depend on the electronic structure
of and interactions among the donor, bridge, and acceptor.
We provide a simple approach to approximate DET couplings
using a product of molecular orbital overlap factors. This
approach may be used to guide the design of DET systems with
targeted energy-transfer kinetics.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c06694},
Key = {fds352774}
}
@article{fds351429,
Author = {Yuly, JL and Zhang, P and Lubner, CE and Peters, JW and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Universal free-energy landscape produces efficient and
reversible electron bifurcation.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {117},
Number = {35},
Pages = {21045-21051},
Year = {2020},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010815117},
Abstract = {For decades, it was unknown how electron-bifurcating systems
in nature prevented energy-wasting short-circuiting
reactions that have large driving forces, so synthetic
electron-bifurcating molecular machines could not be
designed and built. The underpinning free-energy landscapes
for electron bifurcation were also enigmatic. We predict
that a simple and universal free-energy landscape enables
electron bifurcation, and we show that it enables
high-efficiency bifurcation with limited short-circuiting
(the EB scheme). The landscape relies on steep free-energy
slopes in the two redox branches to insulate against
short-circuiting using an electron occupancy blockade
effect, without relying on nuanced changes in the
microscopic rate constants for the short-circuiting
reactions. The EB scheme thus unifies a body of observations
on biological catalysis and energy conversion, and the
scheme provides a blueprint to guide future campaigns to
establish synthetic electron bifurcation
machines.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2010815117},
Key = {fds351429}
}
@article{fds351525,
Author = {Jiang, T and Bai, Y and Zhang, P and Han, Q and Mitzi, DB and Therien,
MJ},
Title = {Electronic structure and photophysics of a supermolecular
iron complex having a long MLCT-state lifetime and
panchromatic absorption.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {117},
Number = {34},
Pages = {20430-20437},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009996117},
Abstract = {Exploiting earth-abundant iron-based metal complexes as
high-performance photosensitizers demands long-lived
electronically excited metal-to-ligand charge-transfer
(MLCT) states, but these species suffer typically from
femtosecond timescale charge-transfer (CT)-state quenching
by low-lying nonreactive metal-centered (MC) states. Here,
we engineer supermolecular Fe(II) chromophores based on the
bis(tridentate-ligand)metal(II)-ethyne-(porphinato)zinc(II)
conjugated framework, previously shown to give rise to
highly delocalized low-lying <sup>3</sup>MLCT states for
other Group VIII metal (Ru, Os) complexes. Electronic
spectral, potentiometric, and ultrafast pump-probe transient
dynamical data demonstrate that a combination of a strong
σ-donating tridentate ligand and a (porphinato)zinc(II)
moiety with low-lying π*-energy levels, sufficiently
destabilize MC states and stabilize supermolecular MLCT
states to realize Fe(II) complexes that express
<sup>3</sup>MLCT state photophysics reminiscent of their
heavy-metal analogs. The resulting Fe(II) chromophore
archetype, FeNHCPZn, features a highly polarized CT state
having a profoundly extended <sup>3</sup>MLCT lifetime (160
ps), <sup>3</sup>MLCT phosphorescence, and ambient
environment stability. Density functional and domain-based
local pair natural orbital coupled cluster [DLPNO-CCSD(T)]
theory reveal triplet-state wavefunction spatial
distributions consistent with electronic spectroscopic and
excited-state dynamical data, further underscoring the
dramatic Fe metal-to-extended ligand CT character of
electronically excited FeNHCPZn. This design further prompts
intense panchromatic absorptivity via redistributing
high-energy absorptive oscillator strength throughout the
visible spectral domain, while maintaining a substantial
excited-state oxidation potential for wide-ranging
photochemistry--highlighted by the ability of FeNHCPZn to
photoinject charges into a SnO<sub>2</sub>/FTO electrode in
a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) architecture. Concepts
enumerated herein afford opportunities for replacing
traditional rare-metal-based emitters for solar-energy
conversion and photoluminescence applications.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2009996117},
Key = {fds351525}
}
@article{fds352219,
Author = {Viere, EJ and Qi, W and Stanton, IN and Zhang, P and Therien,
MJ},
Title = {Driving high quantum yield NIR emission through proquinoidal
linkage motifs in conjugated supermolecular
arrays.},
Journal = {Chemical science},
Volume = {11},
Number = {31},
Pages = {8095-8104},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc03446k},
Abstract = {High quantum yield NIR fluorophores are rare. Factors that
drive low emission quantum yields at long wavelength include
the facts that radiative rate constants increase
proportional to the cube of the emission energy, while
nonradiative rate constants increase in an approximately
exponentially with decreasing S<sub>0</sub>-S<sub>1</sub>
energy gaps (in accordance with the energy gap law). This
work demonstrates how the proquinoidal BTD building blocks
can be utilized to minimize the extent of excited-state
structural relaxation relative to the ground-state
conformation in highly conjugated porphyrin oligomers, and
shows that 4-ethynylbenzo[<i>c</i>][1,2,5]thiadiazole
(<b>E-BTD</b>) units that terminate <i>meso</i>-to-<i>meso</i>
ethyne-bridged (porphinato)zinc (<b>PZnn</b>) arrays, and
4,7-diethynylbenzo[<i>c</i>][1,2,5]thiadiazole
(<b>E-BTD-E</b>) spacers that are integrated into the
backbone of these compositions, elucidate new classes of
impressive NIR fluorophores. We report the syntheses,
electronic structural properties, and emissive
characteristics of neoteric <b>PZn-(BTD-PZn)n</b>,
<b>PZn2-(BTD-PZn2)n</b>, and <b>BTD-PZnn-BTD</b>
fluorophores. Absolute fluorescence quantum yield (<i>ϕ</i>
<sub>f</sub>) measurements, acquired using a calibrated
integrating-sphere-based measurement system, demonstrate
that these supermolecules display extraordinary <i>ϕ</i>
<sub>f</sub> values that range from 10-25% in THF solvent,
and between 28-36% in toluene solvent over the 700-900 nm
window of the NIR. These studies underscore how the
regulation of proquinoidal conjugation motifs can be
exploited to drive excited-state dynamical properties
important for high quantum yield long-wavelength
fluorescence emission.},
Doi = {10.1039/d0sc03446k},
Key = {fds352219}
}
@article{fds350855,
Author = {Xiang, L and Zhang, P and Liu, C and He, X and Li, HB and Li, Y and Wang, Z and Hihath, J and Kim, SH and Beratan, DN and Tao, N},
Title = {Conductance and configuration of molecular gold-water-gold
junctions under electric fields.},
Journal = {Matter},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {166-179},
Year = {2020},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.03.023},
Abstract = {Water molecules can mediate charge transfer in biological
and chemical reactions by forming electronic coupling
pathways. Understanding the mechanism requires a
molecular-level electrical characterization of water. Here,
we describe the measurement of single water molecular
conductance at room temperature, characterize the structure
of water molecules using infrared spectroscopy, and perform
theoretical studies to assist in the interpretation of the
experimental data. The study reveals two distinct states of
water, corresponding to a parallel and perpendicular
orientation of the molecules. Water molecules switch from
parallel to perpendicular orientations on applying an
electric field, producing switching from high to low
conductance states, thus enabling the determination of
single water molecular dipole moments. The work further
shows that water-water interactions affect the atomic scale
configuration and conductance of water molecules. These
findings demonstrate the importance of the discrete nature
of water molecules in electron transfer and set limits on
water-mediated electron transfer rates.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.matt.2020.03.023},
Key = {fds350855}
}
@article{fds349034,
Author = {Tong, J and Zhang, P and Zhang, L and Zhang, D and Beratan, DN and Song, H and Wang, Y and Li, T},
Title = {A Robust Bioderived Wavelength-Specific Photosensor Based on
BLUF Proteins.},
Journal = {Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical},
Volume = {310},
Pages = {127838},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.127838},
Abstract = {Photosensitive proteins are naturally evolved photosensors
that often respond to light signals of specific wavelengths.
However, their poor stability under ambient conditions
hinders their applications in non-biological settings. In
this proof-of-principle study, we grafted the blue light
using flavin (BLUF) protein reconstructed with flavin
adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or roseoflavin (RoF) onto
pristine graphene, and achieved selective sensitivity at 450
nm or 500 nm, respectively. We improved the thermal and
operational stability substantially via structure-guided
cross-linking, achieving 6-month stability under ambient
condition and normal operation at temperatures up to 200
°C. Furthermore, the device exhibited rare negative
photoconductivity behavior. The origins of this negative
photoconductivity behavior were elucidated via a combination
of experimental and theoretical analysis. In the
photoelectric conversion studies, holes from photoexcited
flavin migrated to graphene and recombined with electrons.
The device allows facile modulation and detection of charge
transfer, and provides a versatile platform for future
studies of photoinduced charge transfer in biosensors as
well as the development of stable wavelength-selective
biophotosensors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.snb.2020.127838},
Key = {fds349034}
}
@article{fds349411,
Author = {Li, X and Valdiviezo, J and Banziger, SD and Zhang, P and Ren, T and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Symmetry controlled photo-selection and charge separation in
butadiyne-bridged donor-bridge-acceptor compounds.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {22},
Number = {17},
Pages = {9664-9676},
Year = {2020},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp01235a},
Abstract = {Electron transfer (ET) in donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA)
compounds depends strongly on the structural and electronic
properties of the bridge. Among the bridges that support
donor-acceptor conjugation, alkyne bridges have attractive
and unique properties: they are compact, possess linear
structure permitting access to high symmetry DBA molecules,
and allow torsional motion of D and A, especially for longer
bridges. We report conformation dependent electron transfer
dynamics in a set of novel DBA compounds featuring butadiyne
(C4) bridge, N-isopropyl-1,8-napthalimide (NAP) acceptors,
and donors that span a range of reduction potentials
(trimethyl silane (Si-C4-NAP), phenyl (Ph-C4-NAP), and
dimethyl aniline (D-C4-NAP)). Transient mid-IR absorption
spectra of the C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C bridge
stretching modes, transient spectra in the visible range,
and TD-DFT calculations were used to decipher the ET
mechanisms. We found that the electronic excited state
energies and, especially, the transition dipoles (S0 → Sn)
depend strongly on the dihedral angle (θ) between D and A
and the frontier orbital symmetry, offering an opportunity
to photo-select particular excited states with specific
ranges of dihedral angles by exciting at chosen wavelengths.
For example, excitation of D-C4-NAP at 400 nm predominantly
prepares an S1 excited state in the planar conformations (θ
∼ 0) but selects an S2 state with θ ∼ 90°, indicating
the dominant role of the molecular symmetry in the
photophysics. Moreover, the symmetry of the frontier
orbitals of such DBA compounds not only defines the
photo-selection outcome, but also determines the rate of the
S2 → S1 charge separation reaction. Unprecedented
variation of the S2-S1 electronic coupling with θ by over
four orders of magnitude results in slow ET at θ ca. 0°
and 90° but extremely fast ET at θ of 20-60°. The unique
features of high-symmetry alkyne bridged DBA structures
enable frequency dependent ET rate selection and make this
family of compounds promising targets for the vibrational
excitation control of ET kinetics.},
Doi = {10.1039/d0cp01235a},
Key = {fds349411}
}
@article{fds349412,
Author = {Jin, Y and Ru, X and Su, NQ and Mei, Y and Beratan, DN and Zhang, P and Yang,
W},
Title = {Revisiting the Hole Size in Double Helical DNA with
Localized Orbital Scaling Corrections.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {124},
Number = {16},
Pages = {3428-3435},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03112},
Abstract = {The extent of electronic wave function delocalization for
the charge carrier (electron or hole) in double helical DNA
plays an important role in determining the DNA charge
transfer mechanism and kinetics. The size of the charge
carrier's wave function delocalization is regulated by the
solvation induced localization and the quantum
delocalization among the π stacked base pairs at any
instant of time. Using a newly developed localized orbital
scaling correction (LOSC) density functional theory method,
we accurately characterized the quantum delocalization of
the hole wave function in double helical B-DNA. This
approach can be used to diagnose the extent of
delocalization in fluctuating DNA structures. Our studies
indicate that the hole state tends to delocalize among 4
guanine-cytosine (GC) base pairs and among 3 adenine-thymine
(AT) base pairs when these adjacent bases fluctuate into
degeneracy. The relatively small delocalization in AT base
pairs is caused by the weaker π-π interaction. This extent
of delocalization has significant implications for assessing
the role of coherent, incoherent, or flickering coherent
carrier transport in DNA.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03112},
Key = {fds349412}
}
@article{fds349375,
Author = {Yang, B and Zhang, P and Qu, C and Stancil, PC and Bowman, JM and Balakrishnan, N and Forrey, RC},
Title = {Full-dimensional quantum dynamics of SO(X3Σ-)
in collision with H2},
Journal = {Chemical Physics},
Volume = {532},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110695},
Abstract = {A six-dimensional (6D) potential energy surface (PES) for
the SO(X -HSO(X3Σ-)-H2 system is computed using high-level
electronic structure theory and fit using a hybrid invariant
polynomial method. Full-dimensional quantum close-coupling
scattering calculations have been carried out using this
potential for rotational and, for the first time,
vibrational quenching transitions of SO induced by H2.
State-to-state cross sections and rate coefficients of SO
are reported for rotational transitions from rotational
levels j1 = 0–10 in the ground vibrational state
neglecting fine-structure. Some selected state-to-state
rotational rate coefficients are compared with previous
theoretical results obtained using a rigid-rotor
approximation. For vibrational quenching, state-to-state and
total cross sections and rate coefficients were calculated
for the transitions in SO(v1=1,j1) + H2(v2=0,j2) →
SO(v1′=0,j1′) + H2(v2′=0,j2′) collisions with j1 =
0–5. Cross sections for collision energies in the range 1
to 3000 cm−1 and rate coefficients in the temperature
range of 5–600 K are obtained for both para-H2 (j2 = 0)
and ortho-H2 (j2 = 1) collision partners. The application of
the results to astrophysics is discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110695},
Key = {fds349375}
}
@article{fds348137,
Author = {Banziger, SD and Li, X and Valdiviezo, J and Zeller, M and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV and Ren, T},
Title = {Unsymmetrical Bis-Alkynyl Complexes Based on
Co(III)(cyclam): Synthesis, Ultrafast Charge Separation, and
Analysis.},
Journal = {Inorganic chemistry},
Volume = {58},
Number = {22},
Pages = {15487-15497},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02557},
Abstract = {Donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) systems with a polarizable
bridge can afford rapid photoinduced electron transfer
dynamics that may be susceptible to rate modulation by
infrared excitation. We describe the synthesis,
characterization, and electronic structure of a class of
readily assembled D-B-A structures linked by a cobalt cyclam
bridge. The reaction between [Co(cyclam)Cl<sub>2</sub>]Cl
and 4-ethynyl-<i>N</i>-isopropyl-1,8-naphthalimide
(HC<sub>2</sub>NAP<sup>iPr</sup>) yields
[Co(cyclam)(C<sub>2</sub>NAP<sup>iPr</sup>)Cl]Cl (<b>1</b>),
which reacts with LiC<sub>2</sub>Y at -78 °C to afford
[Co(cyclam)(C<sub>2</sub>NAP<sup>iPr</sup>)(C<sub>2</sub>D)]Cl
with D as C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-4-NMe<sub>2</sub>
(<b>2a</b>), NAP<sup>iPr</sup> (<b>2b</b>), Ph (<b>2c</b>),
and C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-4-N(4-MeOPh)<sub>2</sub>
(<b>2d</b>). Molecular structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2a</b>
were established using single-crystal X-ray diffraction,
while the redox properties and fluorescence profiles of
compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were examined using
voltammetric and steady-state emission techniques,
respectively. The electronic structures and photophysical
properties of these compounds were studied using density
functional theory and time-dependent density functional
theory methods. The excited-state dynamics of compounds
<b>1</b>, <b>2a</b>, and <b>2d</b> were explored using
femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with 400 nm
excitation and detection in both the visible and mid-IR
spectral regions. Formation of a long-lived excited state
was complete within 20 ps of excitation in all three
compounds. Ultrafast spectral changes observed in <b>2a</b>
and <b>2d</b> within the first 20 ps indicated the formation
of a charge separated state (CS state, D<sup>+</sup>-B-A<sup>-</sup>)
with characteristic times of less than 0.1 and 0.25 ps,
respectively. The CS state undergoes rapid charge
recombination (8 ps in <b>2a</b> and 4 ps in <b>2d</b>). The
CS dynamics is facilitated by the Co center, which mixes the
bright NAP-centered electronic state with a pure CS state.
The mixing strength depends on the donor energetics and
conformation, which significantly influences the charge
transfer dynamics in <b>2a</b> and <b>2d</b>.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02557},
Key = {fds348137}
}
@article{fds346568,
Author = {Yuly, JL and Lubner, CE and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Peters,
JW},
Title = {Electron bifurcation: progress and grand
challenges.},
Journal = {Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)},
Volume = {55},
Number = {79},
Pages = {11823-11832},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc05611d},
Abstract = {Electron bifurcation moves electrons from a two-electron
donor to reduce two spatially separated one-electron
acceptors. If one of the electrons reduces a high-potential
(lower energy) acceptor, then the other electron may proceed
"uphill" to reduce a low-potential (higher energy) acceptor.
This mechanism is now considered the third mode of energy
transduction in biology, and offers promise for the
development of novel bioinspired energy conversion
strategies. Nature uses electron bifurcation to realize
highly sought-after reactions: reversible CO2 reduction,
nitrogen fixation, and hydrogen production. In this review,
we summarize the current understanding of electron
bifurcation, including both recent progress and outstanding
questions in understanding and developing artificial
electron bifurcation systems.},
Doi = {10.1039/c9cc05611d},
Key = {fds346568}
}
@article{fds349771,
Author = {Ru, X and Zhang, P and Beratan, D},
Title = {Assessing possible mechanisms of micrometer scale electron
transfer in heme free geobacter sulfurreducens
pili},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {258},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2019},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds349771}
}
@article{fds343475,
Author = {Bai, S and Zhang, P and Antoniou, P and Skourtis, SS and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Quantum interferences among Dexter energy transfer
pathways.},
Journal = {Faraday discussions},
Volume = {216},
Pages = {301-318},
Year = {2019},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9fd00007k},
Abstract = {Dexter energy transfer in chemical systems moves an exciton
(i.e., an electron-hole pair) from a donor chromophore to an
acceptor chromophore through a bridge by a combination of
bonded and non-bonded interactions. The transition is
enabled by both one-electron/one-particle and
two-electron/two-particle interaction mechanisms. Assuming
that there is no real intermediate state population of an
electron, hole, or exciton in the bridge, the transport
involves two states that are coupled non-adiabatically. As
such, coherent quantum interferences arise among the Dexter
energy coupling pathways. These interferences, while related
to well understood interferences in single-electron
transfer, are much richer because of their two particle
nature: the transfer of a triplet exciton involves the net
transfer of both an electron and a hole. Despite this
additional complexity, simple rules can govern Dexter
coupling pathway interferences in special cases. As in the
case of single-electron transfer, identical parallel
coupling pathways can be constructively interfering and may
enhance the Dexter transfer rate. Because of the virtual
particle combinatorics associated with two-particle
superexchange, two parallel Dexter coupling routes may be
expected to enhance Dexter couplings by more than a factor
of two. We explore Dexter coupling pathway interferences in
non-covalent assemblies, employing a method that enables the
assessment of Dexter coupling pathway strengths and
interferences, in the context of one-particle and
two-particle coupling interactions.},
Doi = {10.1039/c9fd00007k},
Key = {fds343475}
}
@article{fds343474,
Author = {Ru, X and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Assessing Possible Mechanisms of Micrometer-Scale Electron
Transfer in Heme-Free Geobacter sulfurreducens
Pili.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {123},
Number = {24},
Pages = {5035-5047},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01086},
Abstract = {The electrically conductive pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens
are of both fundamental and practical interest. They
facilitate extracellular and interspecies electron transfer
(ET) and also provide an electrical interface between living
and nonliving systems. We examine the possible mechanisms of
G. sulfurreducens electron transfer in regimes ranging from
incoherent to coherent transport. For plausible ET
parameters, electron transfer in G. sulfurreducens bacterial
nanowires mediated only by the protein is predicted to be
dominated by incoherent hopping between phenylalanine (Phe)
and tyrosine (Tyr) residues that are 3 to 4 Å apart, where
Phe residues in the hopping pathways may create delocalized
"islands." This mechanism could be accessible in the
presence of strong oxidants that are capable of oxidizing
Phe and Tyr residues. We also examine the physical
requirements needed to sustain biological respiration via
nanowires. We find that the hopping regimes with ET rates on
the order of 10<sup>8</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> between Phe
islands and Tyr residues, and conductivities on the order of
mS/cm, can support ET fluxes that are compatible with
cellular respiration rates, although sustaining this
delocalization in the heterogeneous protein environment may
be challenging. Computed values of fully coherent electron
fluxes through the pili are orders of magnitude too low to
support microbial respiration. We suggest experimental
probes of the transport mechanism based on mutant studies to
examine the roles of aromatic amino acids and yet to be
identified redox cofactors.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01086},
Key = {fds343474}
}
@article{fds337326,
Author = {Peters, JW and Beratan, DN and Bothner, B and Dyer, RB and Harwood, CS and Heiden, ZM and Hille, R and Jones, AK and King, PW and Lu, Y and Lubner,
CE and Minteer, SD and Mulder, DW and Raugei, S and Schut, GJ and Seefeldt,
LC and Tokmina-Lukaszewska, M and Zadvornyy, OA and Zhang, P and Adams,
MW},
Title = {A new era for electron bifurcation.},
Journal = {Current opinion in chemical biology},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {32-38},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.026},
Abstract = {Electron bifurcation, or the coupling of exergonic and
endergonic oxidation-reduction reactions, was discovered by
Peter Mitchell and provides an elegant mechanism to
rationalize and understand the logic that underpins the Q
cycle of the respiratory chain. Thought to be a unique
reaction of respiratory complex III for nearly 40 years,
about a decade ago Wolfgang Buckel and Rudolf Thauer
discovered that flavin-based electron bifurcation is also an
important component of anaerobic microbial metabolism. Their
discovery spawned a surge of research activity, providing a
basis to understand flavin-based bifurcation, forging
fundamental parallels with Mitchell's Q cycle and leading to
the proposal of metal-based bifurcating enzymes. New
insights into the mechanism of electron bifurcation provide
a foundation to establish the unifying principles and
essential elements of this fascinating biochemical
phenomenon.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.026},
Key = {fds337326}
}
@article{fds339815,
Author = {Yang, B and Zhang, P and Qu, C and Stancil, PC and Bowman, JM and Balakrishnan, N and Forrey, RC},
Title = {Inelastic vibrational dynamics of CS in collision with
H2 using a full-dimensional potential energy
surface.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {20},
Number = {45},
Pages = {28425-28434},
Year = {2018},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp05819a},
Abstract = {We report a six-dimensional (6D) potential energy surface
(PES) for the CS-H2 system computed using high-level
electronic structure theory and fitted using a hybrid
invariant polynomial method. Full-dimensional quantum
close-coupling scattering calculations have been carried out
using this potential for rotational and, for the first time,
vibrational quenching transitions of CS induced by H2.
State-to-state cross sections and rate coefficients for
rotational transitions in CS from rotational levels j1 = 0-5
in the ground vibrational state are compared with previous
theoretical results obtained using a rigid-rotor
approximation. For vibrational quenching, state-to-state and
total cross sections and rate coefficients were calculated
for the vibrational transitions in CS(v1 = 1,j1) + H2(v2 =
0,j2) → CS(v1' = 0,j1') + H2(v2' = 0,j2') collisions, for
j1 = 0-5. Cross sections for collision energies in the range
1 to 3000 cm-1 and rate coefficients in the temperature
range of 5 to 600 K are obtained for both para-H2 (j2 = 0)
and ortho-H2 (j2 = 1) collision partners. Application of the
computed results in astrophysics is also
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1039/c8cp05819a},
Key = {fds339815}
}
@article{fds339226,
Author = {Bloom, BP and Liu, R and Zhang, P and Ghosh, S and Naaman, R and Beratan,
DN and Waldeck, DH},
Title = {Directing Charge Transfer in Quantum Dot
Assemblies.},
Journal = {Accounts of chemical research},
Volume = {51},
Number = {10},
Pages = {2565-2573},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00355},
Abstract = {The optical and electronic properties of semiconductor
quantum dots (QDs) make them attractive candidates for
applications in photovoltaics, spintronics, photocatalysis,
and optoelectronics. Understanding how to control the flow
of charge in QD assemblies is essential for realizing novel
applications. This Account explores some unique
characteristics of charge transport in QD dyads, triads, and
their assemblies. The emerging features of these assemblies
that provide new opportunities to manipulate charge flow at
the nanoscale are (1) cascading energy landscapes and band
offsets to inhibit charge recombination, (2) electrostatic
fields that direct charge flow through QD-QD and
QD-conjugated polymer junctions, and (3) QD chirality and
chiral imprinting that promotes vectorial electron and spin
selective transport. Charge flow kinetics is determined by a
combination of familiar electron transfer parameters
(reaction free energy, reorganization energy, and electronic
coupling), donor and acceptor electronic densities of
states, and internal electric fields. Electron transfer and
electronic structure theory, combined with kinetic modeling,
place the measured kinetics of QD electron transfer
donor-acceptor assemblies into a unified conceptual context.
The experimental transfer rates measured in these systems
depend upon structure and the internal electric fields that
are present in the assemblies. A negatively charged donor
and positively charged acceptor, for example, facilitates
(inhibits) electron (hole) transfer, while an electric field
of opposite orientation (reversal of charges) inhibits
(promotes) electron (hole) transfer. These and other
emerging rules that govern charge flow in NP assemblies
provide a strategy to design the directionality and yield of
interfacial charge transport. Chirality at the nanoscale can
induce spin selective charge transport, providing new ways
to direct charge (and spin) flow in QD assemblies.
Magnetoresistance and magnetic conductive probe atomic force
microscopy experiments show spin selective electron
transport for chirally imprinted QD assemblies. Photoinduced
electron transfer from achiral donor-QDs to chiral
acceptor-QDs depends on the electron spin and chiroptical
properties of the acceptor-QDs. These assemblies show
transport characteristics that correlate with features of
the QDs' circular dichroism spectra, presenting intriguing
challenges to theory, and indicating that spectroscopic
signatures may assist in the design and diagnosis of
functional molecular assemblies. Theoretical and
experimental studies of charge transport in well-defined QD
assemblies are establishing design principles for vectorial
charge transport and are also refining questions surrounding
the mechanism and control of these processes. These
intensified efforts are forging links between fundamental
discoveries regarding mechanism and practical applications
for these novel assembled nanostructures.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00355},
Key = {fds339226}
}
@article{fds335313,
Author = {Ma, Z and Antoniou, P and Zhang, P and Skourtis, SS and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {A Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Study of Infrared
Perturbed Electron Transfer.},
Journal = {Journal of chemical theory and computation},
Volume = {14},
Number = {9},
Pages = {4818-4832},
Year = {2018},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00001},
Abstract = {Infrared (IR) excitation is known to change
electron-transfer kinetics in molecules. We use
nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEqMD) simulations to
explore the molecular underpinnings of how vibrational
excitation may influence nonadiabatic electron-transfer.
NEqMD combines classical molecular dynamics simulations with
nonequilibrium semiclassical initial conditions to simulate
the dynamics of vibrationally excited molecules. We combine
NEqMD with electronic structure computations to probe IR
effects on electron transfer rates in two molecular species,
dimethylaniline-guanosine-cytidine-anthracene (DMA-GC-Anth)
and 4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl-2,6,7-triazabicyclo[2.2.2]octatriene-10-cyanoanthracen-9-yl
(PP-BCN-CA). In DMA-GC-Anth, the simulations find that IR
excitation of the NH<sub>2</sub> scissoring motion and the
subsequent intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution
(IVR) do not significantly alter the mean-squared
donor-acceptor (DA) coupling interaction. This finding is
consistent with earlier computational analysis of static
systems. In PP-BCN-CA, IR excitation of the bridging C═N
bond changes the bridge-mediated coupling for charge
separation and recombination by ∼30-40%. The methods
described here enable detailed explorations of how IR
excitation may perturb charge-transfer processes at the
molecular scale.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00001},
Key = {fds335313}
}
@article{fds339396,
Author = {Sha, R and Xiang, L and Liu, C and Balaeff, A and Zhang, Y and Zhang, P and Li, Y and Beratan, D and Tao, N and Seeman, N},
Title = {Charge splitters and charge transport junctions based on
guanine quadruplexes},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {256},
Pages = {2 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds339396}
}
@article{fds339884,
Author = {Valdiviezo, J and Zhang, P and Beratan, D},
Title = {Ratchet mechanisms for directional charge transport in
molecular structures},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {256},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds339884}
}
@article{fds337139,
Author = {Ma, Z and Lin, Z and Lawrence, CM and Rubtsov, IV and Antoniou, P and Skourtis, SS and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {How can infra-red excitation both accelerate and slow charge
transfer in the same molecule?},
Journal = {Chemical science},
Volume = {9},
Number = {30},
Pages = {6395-6405},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc00092a},
Abstract = {A UV-IR-Vis 3-pulse study of infra-red induced changes to
electron transfer (ET) rates in a donor-bridge-acceptor
species finds that charge-separation rates are slowed, while
charge-recombination rates are accelerated as a result of IR
excitation during the reaction. We explore the underpinning
mechanisms for this behavior, studying IR-induced changes to
the donor-acceptor coupling, to the validity of the Condon
approximation, and to the reaction coordinate distribution.
We find that the dominant IR-induced rate effects in the
species studied arise from changes to the density of states
in the Marcus curve crossing region. That is, IR
perturbation changes the probability of accessing the
activated complex for the ET reactions. IR excitation
diminishes the population of the activated complex for
forward (activationless) ET, thus slowing the rate. However,
IR excitation increases the population of the activated
complex for (highly activated) charge recombination ET, thus
accelerating the charge recombination rate.},
Doi = {10.1039/c8sc00092a},
Key = {fds337139}
}
@article{fds332972,
Author = {Sha, R and Xiang, L and Liu, C and Balaeff, A and Zhang, Y and Zhang, P and Li, Y and Beratan, DN and Tao, N and Seeman, NC},
Title = {Charge splitters and charge transport junctions based on
guanine quadruplexes.},
Journal = {Nature nanotechnology},
Volume = {13},
Number = {4},
Pages = {316-321},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0070-x},
Abstract = {Self-assembling circuit elements, such as current splitters
or combiners at the molecular scale, require the design of
building blocks with three or more terminals. A promising
material for such building blocks is DNA, wherein multiple
strands can self-assemble into multi-ended junctions, and
nucleobase stacks can transport charge over long distances.
However, nucleobase stacking is often disrupted at junction
points, hindering electric charge transport between the two
terminals of the junction. Here, we show that a
guanine-quadruplex (G4) motif can be used as a connector
element for a multi-ended DNA junction. By attaching
specific terminal groups to the motif, we demonstrate that
charges can enter the structure from one terminal at one end
of a three-way G4 motif, and can exit from one of two
terminals at the other end with minimal carrier transport
attenuation. Moreover, we study four-way G4 junction
structures by performing theoretical calculations to assist
in the design and optimization of these connectors.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41565-018-0070-x},
Key = {fds332972}
}
@article{fds335314,
Author = {Liu, R and Bloom, BP and Waldeck, DH and Zhang, P and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Improving Solar Cell Performance Using Quantum Dot Triad
Charge-Separation Engines},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {122},
Number = {11},
Pages = {5924-5934},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00010},
Abstract = {We use kinetic modeling to explore the current-voltage,
power-voltage, and power conversion efficiency
characteristics of quantum dot dyads and triads as possible
light absorption and charge separation engines in quantum
dot, bulk heterojunction solar cells. The external and
internal power conversion quantum efficiencies are
significantly enhanced by introducing a third quantum dot
between the donor and acceptor quantum dots. Given the
constraint of comparable charge-recombination and
charge-separation rates, open-circuit voltages for triads
are predicted to be about 10%-17% larger than those for
dyads, and short-circuit currents for triads are about 400%
larger than those for dyads. These improvements in the
efficiencies can be further enhanced by tuning the band-edge
energy offset of the middle-position quantum dot from its
neighbors. The band-edge energies of the middle quantum dot
should be tuned so that they form a cascading band-edge
energy alignment from the band-edge energies of the left
CdTe QD to the right CdSe QD. To produce the most favorable
solar cell performance, the middle quantum dot's conduction
(valence) band edge should be closer to the right quantum
dot's band edge when the charge recombination rates are low
(high) and near the conduction (valence) band edge of the
left quantum dot when the charge recombination rates are
high (low). This analysis identifies important strategies to
design multi-QD assemblies for solar energy harvesting and
conversion.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00010},
Key = {fds335314}
}
@article{fds340182,
Author = {Ru, X and Zhang, P and Beratan, D},
Title = {Theoretical studies of cytochrome c peroxidase - cytochrome
c electron transfer: The role of tryptophan},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {255},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds340182}
}
@article{fds332973,
Author = {Yang, B and Zhang, P and Qu, C and Wang, XH and Stancil, PC and Bowman, JM and Balakrishnan, N and McLaughlin, BM and Forrey,
RC},
Title = {Full-Dimensional Quantum Dynamics of SiO in Collision with
H2.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. A},
Volume = {122},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1511-1520},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09762},
Abstract = {We report the first full-dimensional potential energy
surface (PES) and quantum mechanical close-coupling
calculations for scattering of SiO due to H<sub>2</sub>. The
full-dimensional interaction potential surface was computed
using the explicitly correlated coupled-cluster
(CCSD(T)-F12b) method and fitted using an invariant
polynomial approach. Pure rotational quenching cross
sections from initial states v<sub>1</sub> = 0,
j<sub>1</sub> = 1-5 of SiO in collision with H<sub>2</sub>
are calculated for collision energies between 1.0 and 5000
cm<sup>-1</sup>. State-to-state rotational rate coefficients
are calculated at temperatures between 5 and 1000 K. The
rotational rate coefficients of SiO with para-H<sub>2</sub>
(p-H<sub>2</sub>) are compared with previous approximate
results which were obtained using SiO-He PESs or scaled from
SiO-He rate coefficients. Rovibrational state-to-state and
total quenching cross sections and rate coefficients for
initially excited SiO (v<sub>1</sub> = 1, j<sub>1</sub> = 0
and 1) in collisions with p-H<sub>2</sub> (v<sub>2</sub> =
0, j<sub>2</sub> = 0) and ortho-H<sub>2</sub>
(o-H<sub>2</sub>) (v<sub>2</sub> = 0, j<sub>2</sub> = 1) are
also obtained. The application of the current collisional
rate coefficients to astrophysics is briefly
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09762},
Key = {fds332973}
}
@article{fds328568,
Author = {Bai, Y and Rawson, J and Roget, SA and Olivier, J-H and Lin, J and Zhang,
P and Beratan, DN and Therien, MJ},
Title = {Controlling the excited-state dynamics of low band gap,
near-infrared absorbers via proquinoidal unit
electronic structural modulation.},
Journal = {Chemical science},
Volume = {8},
Number = {9},
Pages = {5889-5901},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sc02150j},
Abstract = {While the influence of proquinoidal character upon the
linear absorption spectrum of low optical bandgap
π-conjugated polymers and molecules is well understood, its
impact upon excited-state relaxation pathways and dynamics
remains obscure. We report the syntheses, electronic
structural properties, and excited-state dynamics of a
series of model highly conjugated near-infrared
(NIR)-absorbing chromophores based on a (porphinato)metal(ii)-proquinoidal
spacer-(porphinato)metal(ii) (<b>PM-Sp-PM</b>) structural
motif. A combination of excited-state dynamical studies and
time-dependent density functional theory calculations: (i)
points to the cardinal role that excited-state configuration
interaction (CI) plays in determining the magnitudes of
S<sub>1</sub> → S<sub>0</sub> radiative
(<i>k</i><sub>r</sub>), S<sub>1</sub> → T<sub>1</sub>
intersystem crossing (<i>k</i><sub>ISC</sub>), and
S<sub>1</sub> → S<sub>0</sub> internal conversion
(<i>k</i><sub>IC</sub>) rate constants in these
<b>PM-Sp-PM</b> chromophores, and (ii) suggests that a
primary determinant of CI magnitude derives from the
energetic alignment of the <b>PM</b> and <b>Sp</b> fragment
LUMOs (Δ<i>E</i><sub>L</sub>). These insights not only
enable steering of excited-state relaxation dynamics of high
oscillator strength NIR absorbers to realize either
substantial fluorescence or long-lived triplets
(<i>τ</i><sub>T<sub>1</sub></sub> > μs) generated at unit
quantum yield (<i>Φ</i><sub>ISC</sub> = 100%), but also
crafting of those having counter-intuitive properties: for
example, while (porphinato)platinum compounds are well known
to generate non-emissive triplet states (<i>Φ</i><sub>ISC</sub>
= 100%) upon optical excitation at ambient temperature,
diminishing the extent of excited-state CI in these systems
realizes long-wavelength absorbing heavy-metal fluorophores.
This work highlights approaches to: (i) modulate low-lying
singlet excited-state lifetime over the picosecond-to-nanosecond
time domain, (ii) achieve NIR fluorescence with quantum
yields up to 25%, (iii) tune the magnitude of
S<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>1</sub> ISC rate constant from
10<sup>9</sup> to 10<sup>12</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> and (iv)
realize T<sub>1</sub>-state lifetimes that range from ∼0.1
to several μs, for these model <b>PM-Sp-PM</b>
chromophores, and renders new insights to evolve bespoke
photophysical properties for low optical bandgap
π-conjugated polymers and molecules based on proquinoidal
conjugation motifs.},
Doi = {10.1039/c7sc02150j},
Key = {fds328568}
}
@article{fds328941,
Author = {Zhang, P and Yuly, JL and Lubner, CE and Mulder, DW and King, PW and Peters, JW and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Electron Bifurcation: Thermodynamics and Kinetics of
Two-Electron Brokering in Biological Redox
Chemistry.},
Journal = {Accounts of chemical research},
Volume = {50},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2410-2417},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00327},
Abstract = {How can proteins drive two electrons from a redox active
donor onto two acceptors at very different potentials and
distances? And how can this transaction be conducted without
dissipating very much energy or violating the laws of
thermodynamics? Nature appears to have addressed these
challenges by coupling thermodynamically uphill and downhill
electron transfer reactions, using two-electron donor
cofactors that have very different potentials for the
removal of the first and second electron. Although electron
bifurcation is carried out with near perfection from the
standpoint of energy conservation and electron delivery
yields, it is a biological energy transduction paradigm that
has only come into focus recently. This Account provides an
exegesis of the biophysical principles that underpin
electron bifurcation. Remarkably, bifurcating electron
transfer (ET) proteins typically send one electron uphill
and one electron downhill by similar energies, such that the
overall reaction is spontaneous, but not profligate.
Electron bifurcation in the NADH-dependent reduced
ferredoxin: NADP<sup>+</sup> oxidoreductase I (Nfn) is
explored in detail here. Recent experimental progress in
understanding the structure and function of Nfn allows us to
dissect its workings in the framework of modern ET theory.
The first electron that leaves the two-electron donor flavin
(L-FAD) executes a positive free energy "uphill" reaction,
and the departure of this electron switches on a second
thermodynamically spontaneous ET reaction from the flavin
along a second pathway that moves electrons in the opposite
direction and at a very different potential. The singly
reduced ET products formed from the bifurcating flavin are
more than two nanometers distant from each other. In Nfn,
the second electron to leave the flavin is much more
reducing than the first: the potentials are said to be
"crossed." The eventually reduced cofactors, NADH and
ferredoxin in the case of Nfn, perform crucial downstream
redox processes of their own. We dissect the thermodynamics
and kinetics of electron bifurcation in Nfn and find that
the key features of electron bifurcation are (1) spatially
separated transfer pathways that diverge from a two-electron
donor, (2) one thermodynamically uphill and one downhill
redox pathway, with a large negative shift in the donor's
reduction potential after departure of the first electron,
and (3) electron tunneling and activation factors that
enable bifurcation, producing a 1:1 partitioning of
electrons onto the two pathways. Electron bifurcation is
found in the CO<sub>2</sub> reducing pathways of
methanogenic archaea, in the hydrogen pathways of
hydrogenases, in the nitrogen fixing pathway of Fix, and in
the mitochondrial charge transfer chain of complex III,
cytochrome bc<sub>1</sub>. While crossed potentials may
offer the biological advantage of producing tightly
regulated high energy reactive species, neither kinetic nor
thermodynamic considerations mandate crossed potentials to
generate successful electron bifurcation. Taken together,
the theoretical framework established here, focusing on the
underpinning electron tunneling barriers and activation free
energies, explains the logic of electron bifurcation that
enables energy conversion and conservation in Nfn, points
toward bioinspired schemes to execute multielectron redox
chemistry, and establishes a roadmap for examining novel
electron bifurcation networks in nature.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00327},
Key = {fds328941}
}
@article{fds327278,
Author = {Liu, R and Bloom, BP and Waldeck, DH and Zhang, P and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Controlling the Electron-Transfer Kinetics of Quantum-Dot
Assemblies},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {121},
Number = {27},
Pages = {14401-14412},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b02261},
Abstract = {Electron transfer theory is used to explore the
size-dependence of electron transfer (ET) between
dithiol-bridged quantum dots (QDs) and make predictions that
can be tested experimentally. Electronic couplings,
electronic densities of states, and reaction-free energies
are all found to be size-dependent and to influence the ET
rates. As the acceptor QD radius grows at fixed edge-to-edge
donor-acceptor distance, the reaction-free energy becomes
more negative. As a result, both electron and hole transfer
rates show a peak as a function of acceptor radius for donor
radii ranging from 9.5 to 21.5 Å however, this rate maximum
as a function of radius is weaker than that observed in
molecules, since the increasing acceptor density of states
partially compensates both the Marcus inverted effect and
the decreased electronic coupling with increasing radius.
The electronic coupling decreases as the donor radius grows
because the wave function probability density per surface
atom decreases and the acceptor density of states at the
donor's band edge energy decreases. The through-solvent and
through-bond electronic couplings have different
dependencies on QD radii, with a switch in the dominance of
the coupling mechanisms as the QD radius changes. For large
QDs, the through-solvent coupling dominates, so the
chemistry of the through-bond linkage does not strongly
influence the coupling. Finally, we discuss how the electron
and hole transfer rates can be matched by varying the QD
radii, thus providing an approach to optimize the
performance of solar cells based on type II QD
assemblies.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b02261},
Key = {fds327278}
}
@article{fds326595,
Author = {Beall, E and Ulku, S and Liu, C and Wierzbinski, E and Zhang, Y and Bae, Y and Zhang, P and Achim, C and Beratan, DN and Waldeck,
DH},
Title = {Effects of the Backbone and Chemical Linker on the Molecular
Conductance of Nucleic Acid Duplexes.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
Volume = {139},
Number = {19},
Pages = {6726-6735},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b02260},
Abstract = {Scanning tunneling microscope break junction measurements
are used to examine how the molecular conductance of nucleic
acids depends on the composition of their backbone and the
linker group to the electrodes. Molecular conductances of 10
base pair long homoduplexes of DNA, aeg-PNA, γ-PNA, and a
heteroduplex of DNA/aeg-PNA with identical nucleobase
sequence were measured. The molecular conductance was found
to vary by 12 to 13 times with the change in backbone.
Computational studies show that the molecular conductance
differences between nucleic acids of different backbones
correlate with differences in backbone structural
flexibility. The molecular conductance was also measured for
duplexes connected to the electrode through two different
linkers, one directly to the backbone and one directly to
the nucleobase stack. While the linker causes an
order-of-magnitude increase in the overall conductance for a
particular duplex, the differences in the electrical
conductance with backbone composition are preserved. The
highest molecular conductance value, 0.06G<sub>0</sub>, was
measured for aeg-PNA duplexes with a base stack linker.
These findings reveal an important new strategy for creating
longer and more complex electroactive, nucleic acid
assemblies.},
Doi = {10.1021/jacs.7b02260},
Key = {fds326595}
}
@article{fds315748,
Author = {Zhang, Y and Zhang, WB and Liu, C and Zhang, P and Balaeff, A and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {DNA charge transport: Moving beyond 1D},
Journal = {Surface Science},
Volume = {652},
Pages = {33-38},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0039-6028},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2016.03.011},
Abstract = {Charge transport across novel DNA junctions has been studied
for several decades. From early attempts to move charge
across DNA double crossover junctions to recent studies on
DNA three-way junctions and G4 motifs, it is becoming clear
that efficient cross-junction charge migration requires
strong base-to-base electronic coupling at the junction,
facilitated by favorable pi-stacking. We review recent
progress toward the goal of manipulating and controlling
charge transport through DNA junctions.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.susc.2016.03.011},
Key = {fds315748}
}
@article{fds325366,
Author = {Liu, C and Xiang, L and Zhang, Y and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Li, Y and Tao, N},
Title = {Engineering nanometre-scale coherence in soft
matter.},
Journal = {Nature chemistry},
Volume = {8},
Number = {10},
Pages = {941-945},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2545},
Abstract = {Electronic delocalization in redox-active polymers may be
disrupted by the heterogeneity of the environment that
surrounds each monomer. When the differences in monomer
redox-potential induced by the environment are small (as
compared with the monomer-monomer electronic interactions),
delocalization persists. Here we show that guanine (G) runs
in double-stranded DNA support delocalization over 4-5
guanine bases. The weak interaction between delocalized G
blocks on opposite DNA strands is known to support partially
coherent long-range charge transport. The
molecular-resolution model developed here finds that the
coherence among these G blocks follows an even-odd
orbital-symmetry rule and predicts that weakening the
interaction between G blocks exaggerates the resistance
oscillations. These findings indicate how sequence can be
exploited to change the balance between coherent and
incoherent transport. The predictions are tested and
confirmed using break-junction experiments. Thus, tailored
orbital symmetry and structural fluctuations may be used to
produce coherent transport with a length scale of multiple
nanometres in soft-matter assemblies, a length scale
comparable to that of small proteins.},
Doi = {10.1038/nchem.2545},
Key = {fds325366}
}
@article{fds335315,
Author = {Bai, Y and Rawson, J and Jean-Hubert, O and Zhang, P and Therien,
M},
Title = {Regulating long-wavelength absorptivity and phoptphysics of
oligo(porphinato)metal(II) chromophores through variation of
electronically excited state proquinoidal
character},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {252},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds335315}
}
@article{fds318108,
Author = {Yang, B and Balakrishnan, N and Zhang, P and Wang, X and Bowman, JM and Forrey, RC and Stancil, PC},
Title = {Full-dimensional quantum dynamics of CO in collision with
H2.},
Journal = {The Journal of chemical physics},
Volume = {145},
Number = {3},
Pages = {034308},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4958951},
Abstract = {Inelastic scattering computations are presented for
collisions of vibrationally and rotationally excited CO with
H2 in full dimension. The computations utilize a newly
developed six-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) and
the previously reported four-dimensional V12 PES [P.
Jankowski et al., J. Chem. Phys. 138, 084307 (2013)] and
incorporate full angular-momentum coupling. At low collision
energies, pure rotational excitation cross sections of CO by
para-, ortho-, and normal-H2 are calculated and convolved to
compare with recent measurements. Good agreement with the
measured data is shown except for j1 = 0 → 1 excitation of
CO for very low-energy para-H2 collisions. Rovibrational
quenching results are presented for initially excited
CO(v1j1) levels with v1 = 1, j1 = 1-5 and v1 = 2, j1 = 0 for
collisions with para-H2 (v2 = 0, j2 = 0) and ortho-H2 (v2 =
0, j2 = 1) over the kinetic energy range 0.1-1000 cm(-1).
The total quenching cross sections are found to have similar
magnitudes, but increase (decrease) with j1 for collision
energies above ∼300 cm(-1) (below ∼10 cm(-1)). Only
minor differences are found between para- and ortho-H2
colliders for rovibrational and pure rotational transitions,
except at very low collision energies. Likewise, pure
rotational deexcitation of CO yields similar cross sections
for the v1 = 0 and v1 = 1 vibrational levels, while
rovibrational quenching from v1 = 2, j1 = 0 is a factor of
∼5 larger than that from v1 = 1, j1 = 0. Details on the
PES, computed at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level, and fitted
with an invariant polynomial method, are also
presented.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4958951},
Key = {fds318108}
}
@article{fds316126,
Author = {Liu, C and Beratan, DN and Zhang, P},
Title = {Coarse-Grained Theory of Biological Charge Transfer with
Spatially and Temporally Correlated Noise.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {120},
Number = {15},
Pages = {3624-3633},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1520-6106},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01018},
Abstract = {System-environment interactions are essential in determining
charge-transfer (CT) rates and mechanisms. We developed a
computationally accessible method, suitable to simulate CT
in flexible molecules (i.e., DNA) with hundreds of sites,
where the system-environment interactions are explicitly
treated with numerical noise modeling of time-dependent site
energies and couplings. The properties of the noise are
tunable, providing us a flexible tool to investigate the
detailed effects of correlated thermal fluctuations on CT
mechanisms. The noise is parametrizable by molecular
simulation and quantum calculation results of specific
molecular systems, giving us better molecular resolution in
simulating the system-environment interactions than sampling
fluctuations from generic spectral density functions. The
spatially correlated thermal fluctuations among different
sites are naturally built-in in our method but are not
readily incorporated using approximate spectral densities.
Our method has quantitative accuracy in systems with small
redox potential differences (<kbT) and provides qualitative
insights into systems with wide redox potential differences
(≫kbT). Specifically, we find that the temporal
correlations of site energies are critical in determining
the coherent-incoherent transition, while the role of
spatial correlations depends on the nature of the systems.
In a system with repeated bridge units of the same
chemistry, spatially correlated fluctuations enhance the
charge delocalization and charge-transfer rates; however, in
a system of units with different site energies, spatial
correlations slow the fluctuations to bring units into
degeneracy, in turn, slowing the charge-transfer rates. The
spatial and temporal correlations of condensed phase medium
fluctuations provide another source to control and tune the
kinetics and dynamics of charge-transfer
systems.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01018},
Key = {fds316126}
}
@article{fds325367,
Author = {Rupakheti, C and Al-Saadon, R and Zhang, Y and Virshup, AM and Zhang, P and Yang, W and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Diverse Optimal Molecular Libraries for Organic
Light-Emitting Diodes.},
Journal = {Journal of chemical theory and computation},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1942-1952},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00829},
Abstract = {Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have wide-ranging
applications, from lighting to device displays. However, the
repertoire of organic molecules with efficient blue emission
is limited. To address this limitation, we have developed a
strategy to design property-optimized, diversity-oriented
libraries of structures with favorable fluorescence
properties. This approach identifies novel diverse candidate
organic molecules for blue emission with strong oscillator
strengths and low singlet-triplet energy gaps that favor
thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)
emission.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00829},
Key = {fds325367}
}
@article{fds337327,
Author = {Liu, C and Zhang, Y and Zhang, P and Beratan, D},
Title = {Engineering nanometer-scale coherence in soft
matter},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {251},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds337327}
}
@article{fds325368,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Pham, TT and Mague,
JT and Donahue, JP and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov,
IV},
Title = {Correction to "Evaluating the Extent of Intramolecular
Charge Transfer in the Excited States of Rhenium(I)
Donor-Acceptor Complexes with Time-Resolved Vibrational
Spectroscopy".},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {120},
Number = {3},
Pages = {596},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12238},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12238},
Key = {fds325368}
}
@article{fds325369,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Correction to Full Electron Ligand-to-Ligand Charge Transfer
in a Compact Rhenium(I) Complex.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. A},
Volume = {120},
Number = {3},
Pages = {473},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00093},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00093},
Key = {fds325369}
}
@article{fds325370,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Correction: Electron transfer rate modulation in a compact
Re(i) donor-acceptor complex.},
Journal = {Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England :
2003)},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {842},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt90221e},
Abstract = {Correction for 'Electron transfer rate modulation in a
compact Re(i) donor-acceptor complex' by Yuankai Yue et al.,
Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 8609-8616.},
Doi = {10.1039/c5dt90221e},
Key = {fds325370}
}
@article{fds315747,
Author = {Antoniou, P and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN and Skourtis,
SS},
Title = {Vibrational control of electron-transfer reactions: a
feasibility study for the fast coherent transfer
regime.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {17},
Number = {46},
Pages = {30854-30866},
Year = {2015},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1463-9076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00610d},
Abstract = {Molecular vibrations and electron-vibrational interactions
are central to the control of biomolecular electron and
energy-transfer rates. The vibrational control of molecular
electron-transfer reactions by infrared pulses may enable
the precise probing of electronic-vibrational interactions
and of their roles in determining electron-transfer
mechanisms. This type of electron-transfer rate control is
advantageous because it does not alter the electronic state
of the molecular electron-transfer system or irreversibly
change its molecular structure. For bridge-mediated
electron-transfer reactions, infrared (vibrational)
excitation of the bridge linking the electron donor to the
electron acceptor was suggested as being capable of
influencing the electron-transfer rate by modulating the
bridge-mediated donor-to-acceptor electronic coupling. This
kind of electron-transfer experiment has been realized,
demonstrating that bridge-mediated electron-transfer rates
can be changed by exciting vibrational modes of the bridge.
Here, we use simple models and ab initio computations to
explore the physical constraints on one's ability to
vibrationally perturb electron-transfer rates using infrared
excitation. These constraints stem from the nature of
molecular vibrational spectra, the strengths of the
electron-vibrational coupling, and the interaction between
molecular vibrations and infrared radiation. With these
constraints in mind, we suggest parameter regimes and
molecular architectures that may enhance the vibrational
control of electron transfer for fast coherent
electron-transfer reactions.},
Doi = {10.1039/c5cp00610d},
Key = {fds315747}
}
@article{fds337328,
Author = {Rupakheti, C and Al-Saadon, R and Zhang, P and Virshup, A and Beratan,
D and Yang, W},
Title = {Development of property-biased diversity-oriented molecular
libraries: Applications to organic light emitting
diodes},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {250},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds337328}
}
@article{fds302351,
Author = {Lin, J and Balamurugan, D and Zhang, P and Skourtis, SS and Beratan,
DN},
Title = {Two-Electron Transfer Pathways.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {119},
Number = {24},
Pages = {7589-7597},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1520-6106},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp511429z},
Abstract = {The frontiers of electron-transfer chemistry demand that we
develop theoretical frameworks to describe the delivery of
multiple electrons, atoms, and ions in molecular systems.
When electrons move over long distances through high
barriers, where the probability for thermal population of
oxidized or reduced bridge-localized states is very small,
the electrons will tunnel from the donor (D) to acceptor
(A), facilitated by bridge-mediated superexchange
interactions. If the stable donor and acceptor redox states
on D and A differ by two electrons, it is possible that the
electrons will propagate coherently from D to A. While
structure-function relations for single-electron
superexchange in molecules are well established, strategies
to manipulate the coherent flow of multiple electrons are
largely unknown. In contrast to one-electron superexchange,
two-electron superexchange involves both one- and
two-electron virtual intermediate states, the number of
virtual intermediates increases very rapidly with system
size, and multiple classes of pathways interfere with one
another. In the study described here, we developed simple
superexchange models for two-electron transfer. We explored
how the bridge structure and energetics influence
multielectron superexchange, and we compared two-electron
superexchange interactions to single-electron superexchange.
Multielectron superexchange introduces interference between
singly and doubly oxidized (or reduced) bridge virtual
states, so that even simple linear donor-bridge-acceptor
systems have pathway topologies that resemble those seen for
one-electron superexchange through bridges with multiple
parallel pathways. The simple model systems studied here
exhibit a richness that is amenable to experimental
exploration by manipulating the multiple pathways, pathway
crosstalk, and changes in the number of donor and acceptor
species. The features that emerge from these studies may
assist in developing new strategies to deliver multiple
electrons in condensed-phase redox systems, including
multiple-electron redox species, multimetallic/multielectron
redox catalysts, and multiexciton excited
states.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp511429z},
Key = {fds302351}
}
@article{fds302349,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Electron transfer rate modulation in a compact Re(I)
donor-acceptor complex.},
Journal = {Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England :
2003)},
Volume = {44},
Number = {18},
Pages = {8609-8616},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1477-9226},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt02145b},
Abstract = {Formation of the charge transfer state with the rate
constant of (10 ps)(-1) has recently been reported for the
complex fac-[Re(I)(CO)3(DCEB)(3DMABN)] (ReEBA); where 3DMABN
is 3-dimethylaminobenzonitrile, serving as an electron
donor, and DCEB is 4,4'-(dicarboxyethyl)-2,2-bipyridine,
serving as an electron acceptor (Y. Yue et al., J. Phys.
Chem. A, 118, 10407). 3-Pulse UV-pump - IR-pump - IR-probe
spectroscopy is used in this work to study how the charge
separation reaction in ReEBA to form a ligand to ligand
charge transfer state (LLCT) can be modulated by vibrational
excitation of various modes of the complex. While no
significant rate modulation was found when the cyano group
stretching mode of the 3DMABN donor was excited, a sizable
effect was found when the ring stretching mode of the DCEB
acceptor was excited. The accumulation of the charge
separated state (LLCT state) in the 3-pulse experiment was
observed as a sharp excited-state vibrational peak of the
symmetric stretch of the three facial carbonyl groups,
νSS(CO). Modeling indicates that the rate of charge
separation is increased by ca. 28% when vibrational
excitation is present. The vibronic coupling signal of the
bpy ring mode and νSS(CO) as well as the energy transport
dynamics from bpy to carbonyl contributed to the 3-pulse
signal and was studied as well using the 3-pulse method.
Energy transport between the same modes in the ground
electronic state was measured by relaxation-assisted
two-dimensional infrared (RA 2DIR) spectroscopy. The energy
transport times of 4 ± 0.7 and 5 ± 1.5 ps were found for
the ground and excited electronic states.},
Doi = {10.1039/c4dt02145b},
Key = {fds302349}
}
@article{fds330381,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Zheng, M and Zhang, P and Schmehl, R and Beratan, D and Rubtsov, I},
Title = {Electron transfer rate modulation in a compact Re(I)
donor-acceptor complex},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {249},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds330381}
}
@article{fds315746,
Author = {Yang, B and Zhang, P and Wang, X and Stancil, PC and Bowman, JM and Balakrishnan, N and Forrey, RC},
Title = {Quantum dynamics of CO-H₂ in full dimensionality.},
Journal = {Nature communications},
Volume = {6},
Pages = {6629},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7629},
Abstract = {Accurate rate coefficients for molecular vibrational
transitions due to collisions with H₂, critical for
interpreting infrared astronomical observations, are lacking
for most molecules. Quantum calculations are the primary
source of such data, but reliable values that consider all
internal degrees of freedom of the collision complex have
only been reported for H₂-H₂ due to the difficulty of
the computations. Here we present essentially exact,
full-dimensional dynamics computations for rovibrational
quenching of CO due to H₂ impact. Using a high-level
six-dimensional potential surface, time-independent
scattering calculations, within a full angular momentum
coupling formulation, were performed for the de-excitation
of vibrationally excited CO. Agreement with experimentally
determined results confirms the accuracy of the potential
and scattering computations, representing the largest of
such calculations performed to date. This investigation
advances computational quantum dynamical studies
representing initial steps towards obtaining CO-H₂
rovibrational quenching data needed for astrophysical
modelling.},
Doi = {10.1038/ncomms7629},
Key = {fds315746}
}
@article{fds302352,
Author = {Beratan, DN and Liu, C and Migliore, A and Polizzi, NF and Skourtis, SS and Zhang, P and Zhang, Y},
Title = {Charge transfer in dynamical biosystems, or the treachery of
(static) images.},
Journal = {Accounts of chemical research},
Volume = {48},
Number = {2},
Pages = {474-481},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0001-4842},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar500271d},
Abstract = {CONSPECTUS: The image is not the thing. Just as a pipe
rendered in an oil painting cannot be smoked, quantum
mechanical coupling pathways rendered on LCDs do not convey
electrons. The aim of this Account is to examine some of our
recent discoveries regarding biological electron transfer
(ET) and transport mechanisms that emerge when one moves
beyond treacherous static views to dynamical frameworks.
Studies over the last two decades introduced both atomistic
detail and macromolecule dynamics to the description of
biological ET. The first model to move beyond the
structureless square-barrier tunneling description is the
Pathway model, which predicts how protein secondary motifs
and folding-induced through-bond and through-space tunneling
gaps influence kinetics. Explicit electronic structure
theory is applied routinely now to elucidate ET mechanisms,
to capture pathway interferences, and to treat redox
cofactor electronic structure effects. Importantly,
structural sampling of proteins provides an understanding of
how dynamics may change the mechanisms of biological ET, as
ET rates are exponentially sensitive to structure. Does
protein motion average out tunneling pathways? Do
conformational fluctuations gate biological ET? Are
transient multistate resonances produced by energy gap
fluctuations? These questions are becoming accessible as the
static view of biological ET recedes and dynamical
viewpoints take center stage. This Account introduces ET
reactions at the core of bioenergetics, summarizes our
team's progress toward arriving at an atomistic-level
description, examines how thermal fluctuations influence ET,
presents metrics that characterize dynamical effects on ET,
and discusses applications in very long (micrometer scale)
bacterial nanowires. The persistence of structural effects
on the ET rates in the face of thermal fluctuations is
considered. Finally, the flickering resonance (FR) view of
charge transfer is presented to examine how fluctuations
control low-barrier transport among multiple groups in van
der Waals contact. FR produces exponential distance
dependence in the absence of tunneling; the exponential
character emerges from the probability of matching multiple
vibronically broadened electronic energies within a
tolerance defined by the rms coupling among interacting
groups. FR thus produces band like coherent transport on the
nanometer length scale, enabled by conformational
fluctuations. Taken as a whole, the emerging context for ET
in dynamical biomolecules provides a robust framework to
design and interpret the inner workings of bioenergetics
from the molecular to the cellular scale and beyond, with
applications in biomedicine, biocatalysis, and energy
science.},
Doi = {10.1021/ar500271d},
Key = {fds302352}
}
@article{fds315750,
Author = {Zhang, D and Peng, D and Zhang, P and Yang, W},
Title = {Analytic gradients, geometry optimization and excited state
potential energy surfaces from the particle-particle random
phase approximation.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1025-1038},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1463-9076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04109g},
Abstract = {The energy gradient for electronic excited states is of
immense interest not only for spectroscopy but also for the
theoretical study of photochemical reactions. We present the
analytic excited state energy gradient of the
particle-particle random phase approximation (pp-RPA). The
analytic gradient formula is developed from an approach
similar to that of time-dependent density-functional theory
(TDDFT). The formula is verified for both the Hartree-Fock
and (Generalized) Kohn-Sham reference states via comparison
with finite difference results. The excited state potential
energy surfaces and optimized geometries of some small
molecules are investigated, yielding results of similar or
better quality compared to adiabatic TDDFT. The
singlet-to-triplet instability in TDDFT resulting in
underestimated energies of the lowest triplet states is
eliminated by pp-RPA. Charge transfer excitations and double
excitations, which are challenging for most adiabatic TDDFT
methods, can be reasonably well captured by pp-RPA. Within
this framework, ground state potential energy surfaces of
stretched single bonds can also be described
well.},
Doi = {10.1039/c4cp04109g},
Key = {fds315750}
}
@article{fds315751,
Author = {Peng, D and Yang, Y and Zhang, P and Yang, W},
Title = {Restricted second random phase approximations and
Tamm-Dancoff approximations for electronic excitation energy
calculations.},
Journal = {The Journal of chemical physics},
Volume = {141},
Number = {21},
Pages = {214102},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4901716},
Abstract = {In this article, we develop systematically second random
phase approximations (RPA) and Tamm-Dancoff approximations
(TDA) of particle-hole and particle-particle channels for
calculating molecular excitation energies. The second
particle-hole RPA/TDA can capture double excitations missed
by the particle-hole RPA/TDA and time-dependent
density-functional theory (TDDFT), while the second
particle-particle RPA/TDA recovers non-highest-occupied-molecular-orbital
excitations missed by the particle-particle RPA/TDA. With
proper orbital restrictions, these restricted second RPAs
and TDAs have a formal scaling of only O(N(4)). The
restricted versions of second RPAs and TDAs are tested with
various small molecules to show some positive results. Data
suggest that the restricted second particle-hole TDA
(r2ph-TDA) has the best overall performance with a
correlation coefficient similar to TDDFT, but with a larger
negative bias. The negative bias of the r2ph-TDA may be
induced by the unaccounted ground state correlation energy
to be investigated further. Overall, the r2ph-TDA is
recommended to study systems with both single and some
low-lying double excitations with a moderate accuracy. Some
expressions on excited state property evaluations, such as
⟨Ŝ(2)⟩ are also developed and tested.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.4901716},
Key = {fds315751}
}
@article{fds302350,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov, IV},
Title = {Full-electron ligand-to-ligand charge transfer in a compact
Re(I) complex.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. A},
Volume = {118},
Number = {45},
Pages = {10407-10415},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1089-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5039877},
Abstract = {Ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) states in transition
metal complexes are often characterized by fractional
electron transfer due to coupling of the LLCT state with
many other states via the metal. We designed and
characterized a compact Re(I) complex that displays
essentially full-electron charge transfer in the LLCT
excited state. The complex, [Re(DCEB)(CO)3(L)](+) (DCEB =
4,4'-dicarboxyethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), referred to as ReEBA,
features two redox active ligands with strong electron
accepting (DCEB) and electron donating (L is
3-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (3DMABN)) properties. The lowest
energy excited state formed with a ca. 10 ps time constant
and was characterized as the full-electron 3DMABN → DCEB
LLCT state using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy (TRIR),
transient absorption spectroscopy, and DFT computations.
Analysis of a range of vibrational modes helped to assign
the charge transfer characteristics of the complex. The LLCT
state lifetime in ReEBA shows a strong dependence on the
solvent polarity and features solvent dependent frequency
shifts for several vibrational reporters. The formation of a
full-electron LLCT state (∼92%) was enabled by tuning the
redox properties of the electron accepting ligand (DCEB) and
simultaneously decoupling the redox active group of the
electron donating ligand (3DMABN) from the metal center.
This strategy is generally applicable for designing compact
transition metal complexes that have full-electron LLCT
states.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp5039877},
Key = {fds302350}
}
@article{fds325995,
Author = {Lin, J and Migliore, A and Skourtis, SS and Virshup, A and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Addressing solar energy design and optimization challenges
with theory},
Journal = {ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL
SOCIETY},
Volume = {248},
Pages = {1 pages},
Publisher = {AMER CHEMICAL SOC},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
Key = {fds325995}
}
@article{fds302353,
Author = {Yue, Y and Grusenmeyer, T and Ma, Z and Zhang, P and Pham, TT and Mague,
JT and Donahue, JP and Schmehl, RH and Beratan, DN and Rubtsov,
IV},
Title = {Evaluating the extent of intramolecular charge transfer in
the excited states of rhenium(I) donor-acceptor complexes
with time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy.},
Journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
Volume = {117},
Number = {49},
Pages = {15903-15916},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24117405},
Abstract = {Excited states in transition-metal complexes, even in those
featuring ligands with strong electron donating and
accepting properties, often involve only partial charge
transfer between the donor and acceptor ligands. The
excited-state properties of [Re(bpy)(CO)3L](+) compounds
were studied, where L is 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile
(Re4DMABN), 3-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (Re3DMABN), and
benzonitrile (ReBN) using time-resolved infrared (TRIR) and
electronic spectroscopy methods as well as electronic
structure computations. The DMABN complexes exhibit strongly
solvent-dependent luminescence; the excited state lifetime
decreases from microseconds in dichloromethane to several
nanoseconds in mixed MeOH:DCM (1:1) solvent. Despite the
similarities in the solvent dependence of the excited state
dynamics and redox properties for Re3DMABN and Re4DMABN, the
nature of the lowest energy excited states formed in these
two compounds is drastically different. For example, the
lowest energy excited state for Re4DMABN in the mixed
solvent is assigned to the (4DMABN → bpy) ligand-to-ligand
charge transfer (LLCT) state featuring partial charge
transfer character. An equilibrium between a 3DMABN
intraligand triplet ((3)IL) and a metal-ligand-to-ligand
charge transfer (MLLCT) state is found for Re3DMABN in the
mixed solvent with the latter at ca. 400 cm(-1) lower
energy. The origin of such a drastic difference between the
states involved in Re4DMABN and Re3DMABN is attributed to a
difference in the energies of polarized quinoidal resonance
structures in 4DMABN and 3DMABN ligands.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp409628e},
Key = {fds302353}
}
@article{fds302354,
Author = {Lin, J and Hu, X and Zhang, P and Van Rynbach and A and Beratan, DN and Kent,
CA and Mehl, BP and Papanikolas, JM and Meyer, TJ and Lin, W and Skourtis,
SS and Constantinou, M},
Title = {Triplet excitation energy dynamics in metal-organic
frameworks},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {117},
Number = {43},
Pages = {22250-22259},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1932-7447},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000326608200013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing candidates for
use in energy harvesting and concentrating because of their
high chromophore density and structural tunability. The
ability to engineer electronic excitation energy transport
pathways is of particular interest for designing energy
harvesting materials. In this study, theoretical analysis
was performed on energy transfer in MOFs that contain light
absorbing ruthenium complexes that serve as hopping
intermediates for energy transfer kinetics and energy
trapping osmium complexes. We find that the excitation
transport kinetics is well described by a Dexter (exchange)
triplet-to-triplet energy transfer mechanism with multistep
incoherent exciton hopping. The modeling combines ab initio
electronic structure theory with kinetic network analysis.
The sensitivity of Dexter mechanism energy transfer to
framework structure establishes different kinds of energy
transport paths in the different structures. For example,
the mixed Ru/Os MOF structures described here establish one
or three-dimensional hopping networks. As such, Dexter
mechanism energy harvesting materials may be amenable to
designing structures that can spatially direct exciton
energy along specific pathways for energy delivery to
reaction centers. © 2013 American Chemical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp401515r},
Key = {fds302354}
}
@article{fds302355,
Author = {Bloom, BP and Zhao, LB and Wang, Y and Waldeck, DH and Liu, R and Zhang, P and Beratan, DN},
Title = {Ligand-induced changes in the characteristic size-dependent
electronic energies of CdSe nanocrystals},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
Volume = {117},
Number = {43},
Pages = {22401-22411},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1932-7447},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000326608200031&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {This work explores the electronic energy of CdSe
nanoparticles as a function of nanoparticle (NP) size and
capping ligand. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to
determine the valence band edge of CdSe NPs that are capped
with three different ligands (aniline, thiophenol, and
phenylphosphonic acid), and the experimental values are
compared with DFT calculations. These results show how the
energy position and the size-dependent behavior of the
energy bands of CdSe can be modulated by the chemical nature
of the capping ligand. The computations underscore how the
nature of the highest lying filled states of the
nanoparticle can change with ligand type and how this can
explain differences between previously reported
size-dependent data on similar systems. The findings show
that both the ligand and quantum confinement effects should
be accounted for in modeling size-dependent effects for
different NP-ligand systems. © 2013 American Chemical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp403164w},
Key = {fds302355}
}
@article{fds315744,
Author = {Gacesa, M and Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V},
Title = {Non-thermal escape of molecular hydrogen from
Mars},
Journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
Volume = {39},
Number = {10},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0094-8276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL050904},
Abstract = {We present a detailed theoretical analysis of non-thermal
escape of molecular hydrogen from Mars induced by collisions
with hot atomic oxygen from the Martian corona. To
accurately describe the energy transfer in O+H 2(v, j)
collisions, we performed extensive quantum-mechanical
calculations of state-to-state elastic, inelastic, and
reactive cross sections. The escape flux of H2 molecules was
evaluated using a simplified 1D column model of the Martian
atmosphere with realistic densities of atmospheric gases and
hot oxygen production rates for low solar activity
conditions. An average intensity of the non-thermal escape
flux of H2 of 1.9 × 105 cm-2s-1 was obtained considering
energetic O atoms produced in dissociative recombinations of
O2+ ions. Predicted ro-vibrational distribution of the
escaping H2 was found to contain a significant fraction of
higher rotational states. While the non-thermal escape rate
was found to be lower than Jeans rate for H2 molecules, the
non-thermal escape rates of HD and D2 are significantly
higher than their respective Jeans rates. The accurate
evaluation of the collisional escape flux of H2 and its
isotopes is important for understanding non-thermal escape
of molecules from Mars, as well as for the formation of hot
H2 Martian corona. The described molecular ejection
mechanism is general and expected to contribute to
atmospheric escape of H 2 and other light molecules from
planets, satellites, and exoplanetary bodies. © Copyright
2012 by the American Geophysical Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2012GL050904},
Key = {fds315744}
}
@article{fds315749,
Author = {Loreau, J and Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Scattering of nitrogen molecules by silver
atoms.},
Journal = {The Journal of chemical physics},
Volume = {136},
Number = {16},
Pages = {164305},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000303602200019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We present a quantal study of the rotationally elastic and
inelastic scattering of Ag and N(2), with the nitrogen
molecule treated as a rigid rotor. The two-dimensional
potential energy surface of the AgN(2) complex is obtained
ab initio by means of the spin unrestricted coupled-cluster
method with single, double, and perturbative triple
excitations. The global minimum is found to be located at an
internuclear distance of 8.13 a(0) and an angle of 127.2°.
The long-range part of the potential is constructed from the
dynamic electric dipole polarizabilities of Ag and N(2).
Elastic, excitation, and relaxation cross sections and rates
are calculated for energies between 0.1 and 5000 cm(-1). The
momentum transfer cross sections and rates are also
computed. Finally, we compare the cross sections for Ag-N(2)
and Na-N(2) to explore the possibility of using silver
instead of sodium in experimental tests.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3703518},
Key = {fds315749}
}
@article{fds315745,
Author = {Lewkow, NR and Kharchenko, V and Zhang, P},
Title = {Energy relaxation of helium atoms in astrophysical
gases},
Journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
Volume = {756},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-57},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0004-637X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309044300057&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {We report accurate parameters describing energy relaxation
of He atoms in atomic gases, important for astrophysics and
atmospheric science. Collisional energy exchange between
helium atoms and atomic constituents of the interstellar
gas, heliosphere, and upper planetary atmosphere has been
investigated. Energy transfer rates, number of collisions
required for thermalization, energy distributions of recoil
atoms, and other major parameters of energy relaxation for
fast He atoms in thermal H, He, and O gases have been
computed in a broad interval of energies from 10meV to
10keV. This energy interval is important for astrophysical
applications involving the energy deposition of energetic
atoms and ions into atmospheres of planets and exoplanets,
atmospheric evolution, and analysis of non-equilibrium
processes in the interstellar gas and heliosphere. Angular-
and energy-dependent cross sections, required for an
accurate description of the momentum-energy transfer, are
obtained using ab initio interaction potentials and quantum
mechanical calculations for scattering processes.
Calculation methods used include partial wave analysis for
collisional energies below 2keV and the eikonal
approximation at energies higher than 100eV, keeping a
significant energy region of overlap, 0.1-2keV, between
these two methods for their mutual verification. The partial
wave method and the eikonal approximation excellently match
results obtained with each other as well as experimental
data, providing reliable cross sections in the
astrophysically important interval of energies from 10meV to
10keV. Analytical formulae, interpolating obtained energy-
and angular-dependent cross sections, are presented to
simplify potential applications of the reported database.
Thermalization of fast He atoms in the interstellar gas and
energy relaxation of hot He and O atoms in the upper
atmosphere of Mars are considered as illustrative examples
of potential applications of the new database. © © 2012.
The American Astronomical Society. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/57},
Key = {fds315745}
}
@article{fds315730,
Author = {Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A and Côté, R and Bodo, E},
Title = {Charge exchange in collisions of beryllium with its
ion},
Journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {42},
Pages = {19026-19035},
Publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1463-9076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cp21494b},
Abstract = {Close-coupling calculations of the resonance and near
resonance charge exchange in ion-atom collisions of Be+2 at
low and intermediate energies are presented. Accurate ab
initio calculations are carried out of the Born-Oppenheimer
potentials and the non-adiabatic couplings that are due to
the finite nuclear masses and drive the near resonance
charge exchange. We show that the near resonance charge
exchange cross section follows Wigner's threshold law of
inelastic processes for energies below 10-8 eV and that the
zero temperature rate constant for it is 4.5 × 10-10 cm3
s-1. At collision energies much larger than the isotope
shift of the ionization potentials of the atoms, we show
that the near resonance charge exchange process is
equivalent to the resonance charge exchange with cross
sections having a logarithmic dependence. We also
investigate the perturbation to the charge exchange process
due to the non-adiabatic interaction to an electronic
excited state. We show that the influence is negligible at
low temperatures and still small at intermediate energies
despite the presence of resonances. © the Owner Societies
2011.},
Doi = {10.1039/c1cp21494b},
Key = {fds315730}
}
@article{fds315731,
Author = {Brahms, N and Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Kłos, J and Forrey, RC and Au, YS and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno, A and Doyle, JM and Walker,
TG},
Title = {Formation and dynamics of van der Waals molecules in
buffer-gas traps},
Journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
Volume = {13},
Number = {42},
Pages = {19125-19141},
Publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1463-9076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cp21317b},
Abstract = {We show that weakly bound He-containing van der Waals
molecules can be produced and magnetically trapped in
buffer-gas cooling experiments, and provide a general model
for the formation and dynamics of these molecules. Our
analysis shows that, at typical experimental parameters,
thermodynamics favors the formation of van der Waals
complexes composed of a helium atom bound to most open-shell
atoms and molecules, and that complex formation occurs
quickly enough to ensure chemical equilibrium. For molecular
pairs composed of a He atom and an S-state atom, the
molecular spin is stable during formation, dissociation, and
collisions, and thus these molecules can be magnetically
trapped. Collisional spin relaxation is too slow to affect
trap lifetimes. However, 3He-containing complexes can change
spin due to adiabatic crossings between trapped and
untrapped Zeeman states, mediated by the anisotropic
hyperfine interaction, causing trap loss. We provide a
detailed model for Ag3He molecules, using ab initio
calculation of Ag-He interaction potentials and spin
interactions, quantum scattering theory, and direct Monte
Carlo simulations to describe formation and spin relaxation
in this system. The calculated rate of spin-change agrees
quantitatively with experimental observations, providing
indirect evidence for molecular formation in
buffer-gas-cooled magnetic traps. Finally, we discuss the
possibilities for spectroscopic detection of these
complexes, including a calculation of expected spectra for
Ag3He, and report on our spectroscopic search for Ag 3He,
which produced a null result. © the Owner Societies
2011.},
Doi = {10.1039/c1cp21317b},
Key = {fds315731}
}
@article{fds315732,
Author = {Loreau, J and Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Elastic scattering and rotational excitation of nitrogen
molecules by sodium atoms},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {135},
Number = {17},
Pages = {174301-174301},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3653983},
Abstract = {A quantal study of the rotational excitation of nitrogen
molecules by sodium atoms is carried out. We present the
two-dimensional potential energy surface of the NaN2
complex, with the N2 molecule treated as a rigid rotor. The
interaction potential is computed using the spin
unrestricted coupled-cluster method with single, double, and
perturbative triple excitations (UCCSD(T)). The long-range
part of the potential is constructed from the dynamic
electric dipole polarizabilities of Na and N2. The total,
differential, and momentum transfer cross sections for
rotationally elastic and inelastic transitions are
calculated using the close-coupling approach for energies
between 5 cm-1 and 1500 cm-1. The collisional and momentum
transfer rate coefficients are calculated for temperatures
between 100 K and 300 K, corresponding to the conditions
under which Na-N2 collisions occur in the mesosphere. ©
2011 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3653983},
Key = {fds315732}
}
@article{fds315723,
Author = {Bovino, S and Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Relaxation of energetic S(1D) atoms in Xe gas:
Comparison of ab initio calculations with experimental
data},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {135},
Number = {2},
Pages = {024304-024304},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3600352},
Abstract = {In this paper, we report our investigation of the
translational energy relaxation of fast S(1D) atoms in a Xe
thermal bath. The interaction potential of Xe-S was
constructed using ab initio methods. Total and differential
cross sections were then calculated. The latter have been
incorporated into the construction of the kernel of the
Boltzmann equation describing the energy relaxation process.
The solution of the Boltzmann equation was obtained and
results were compared with those reported in experiments [G.
Nan, and P. L. Houston, J. Chem. Phys. 97, 7865
(1992)]10.1063/1.463461. Good agreement with the measured
time-dependent relative velocity of fast S( 1D) atoms was
obtained except at long relaxation times. The discrepancy
may be due to the error accumulation caused by the use of
hard sphere approximation and the Monte Carlo analysis of
the experimental data. Our accurate description of the
energy relaxation process led to an increase in the number
of collisions required to achieve equilibrium by an order of
magnitude compared to the number given by the hard-sphere
approximation. © 2011 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3600352},
Key = {fds315723}
}
@article{fds315727,
Author = {Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Anisotropic hyperfine interactions limit the efficiency of
spin-exchange optical pumping of He3 nuclei},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {107},
Number = {2},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.023204},
Abstract = {We use accurate ab initio and quantum scattering
calculations to demonstrate that the maximum He3 spin
polarization that can be achieved in spin-exchange
collisions with potassium (K39) and silver (Ag107) atoms is
limited by the anisotropic hyperfine interaction. We find
that spin exchange in Ag-He collisions occurs much faster
than in K-He collisions over a wide range of temperatures
(10-600 K). Our analysis indicates that measurements of trap
loss rates of S2 atoms in the presence of cold He3 gas may
be used to probe anisotropic spin-dependent interactions in
atom-He collisions. © 2011 American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.023204},
Key = {fds315727}
}
@article{fds315725,
Author = {Bovino, S and Zhang, P and Gianturco, FA and Dalgarno, A and Kharchenko,
V},
Title = {Energy transfer in O collisions with He isotopes and Helium
escape from Mars},
Journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0094-8276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045763},
Abstract = {Accurate data on energy-transfer collisions between hot
oxygen atoms and the atmospheric helium gas on Mars, are
reported. Anisotropic cross sections for elastic collisions
of O(<sup>3</sup>P) and O(<sup>1</sup>D) atoms with helium
gas have been calculated quantum mechanically and found to
be surprisingly similar. Cross sections, computed for
collisions with both helium isotopes, <sup>3</sup>He and
<sup>4</sup>He, have been used to construct the kernel of
the Boltzmann equation describing the energy relaxation of
hot oxygen atoms. Computed rates of energy transfer in O+He
collisions have been used to evaluate the flux of He atoms
escaping from the Mars atmosphere. Atmospheric layers mostly
responsible for production of the He escape flux are
identified. Our results demonstrate that strong angular
anisotropy of scattering cross sections increases the
collisional ejection of light atoms and is critical in the
evaluation of He escape from Mars, Venus and Earth.
Copyright © 2011 by the American Geophysical
Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2010GL045763},
Key = {fds315725}
}
@article{fds315716,
Author = {Zhang, P and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Structure and spectroscopy of ground and excited states of
LiYb},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {133},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044306-044306},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3462245},
Abstract = {Multireference configuration interaction and coupled cluster
calculations have been carried out to determine the
potential energy curves for the ground and low-lying excited
states of the LiYb molecule. The scalar relativistic effects
have been included by means of the Douglas-Kroll Hamiltonian
and effective core potential and the spin-orbit couplings
have been evaluated by the full microscopic Breit-Pauli
operator. The LiYb permanent dipole moment, static dipole
polarizability, and Franck-Condon factors have been
determined. Perturbations of the vibrational spectrum due to
nonadiabatic interactions are discussed. © 2010 American
Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3462245},
Key = {fds315716}
}
@article{fds315721,
Author = {Brahms, N and Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Kłos, J and Sadeghpour,
HR and Dalgarno, A and Doyle, JM and Walker, TG},
Title = {Erratum: Formation of van der waals molecules in
buffer-gas-cooled magnetic traps (Physical Review Letters
(2010) 105 (033001))},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {105},
Number = {5},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.059901},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.059901},
Key = {fds315721}
}
@article{fds315718,
Author = {Brahms, N and Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Kłos, J and Sadeghpour,
HR and Dalgarno, A and Doyle, JM and Walker, TG},
Title = {Formation of Van der Waals molecules in buffer-gas-cooled
magnetic traps},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {105},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.033001},
Abstract = {We predict that a large class of helium-containing cold
polar molecules form readily in a cryogenic buffer gas,
achieving densities as high as 1012cm-3. We explore the spin
relaxation of these molecules in buffer-gas-loaded magnetic
traps and identify a loss mechanism based on Landau-Zener
transitions arising from the anisotropic hyperfine
interaction. Our results show that the recently observed
strong T-6 thermal dependence of the spin-change rate of
silver (Ag) trapped in dense He3 is accounted for by the
formation and spin change of AgHe3 van der Waals molecules,
thus providing indirect evidence for molecular formation in
a buffer-gas trap. © 2010 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.033001},
Key = {fds315718}
}
@article{fds315734,
Author = {Zhang, P and Bodo, E and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Near resonance charge exchange in ion-atom collisions of
lithium isotopes},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A},
Volume = {113},
Number = {52},
Pages = {15085-15091},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1089-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp905184a},
Abstract = {Collisions of ions and atoms of 6Li and 7Li are explored
theoretically over a wide range of energy from 10-14 to 1
eV. Accurate ab initio calculations are carried out of the
Born-Oppenheimer potentials and the nonadiabatic couplings
that are responsible for the near resonance charge exchange.
Scattering studies show that the calculated charge exchange
cross section follows Wigner's law for inelastic processes
for energies below 10-10 eV and that the zero temperature
rate constant for it is 2.1 × 10-9 cm3 s-1. At collision
energies much larger than the isotope shift of the
ionization potentials of the atoms, we show that the near
resonance charge exchange process is equivalent to the
resonance charge exchange with cross sections having a
logarithmic dependence on energy. A comparison with the
Langevin model at intermediate energies is also presented.
© 2009 American Chemical Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp905184a},
Key = {fds315734}
}
@article{fds331051,
Author = {Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Collision-induced spin exchange of alkali-metal atoms with
3He},
Journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
Volume = {194},
Number = {12},
Pages = {122006-122006},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/194/12/122006},
Abstract = {Collisions of atoms and molecules in external
electromagnetic fields can depolarize electronic and nuclear
spins, leading to decoherence of quantum superposition
states. The fundamental microscopic processes giving rise to
spin depolarization are spin exchange and spin relaxation.
In this work, we present an analysis of spin exchange
transitions in collision of alkali metal atoms with 3He. We
use accurate ab initio calculations to evaluate the electron
spin density of Li-He and the interaction energy of Rb-He.
The Fermi contact interaction constants for the complexes of
Na, K, and Rb atoms with 3He are extracted from the measured
frequency shift enhancement factors using the ab initio
interaction potentials. The spin density calculations also
yield the hyperfine pressure shift of Li-He.},
Doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/194/12/122006},
Key = {fds331051}
}
@article{fds315724,
Author = {Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Dalgarno, A and Matsumi, Y and Nakayama,
T and Takahashi, K},
Title = {Zhang et al. reply},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {103},
Number = {15},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.159302},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.159302},
Key = {fds315724}
}
@article{fds315720,
Author = {Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A and Côté, R},
Title = {Scattering of Yb and Yb+},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.80.030703},
Abstract = {We calculate the cross sections for scattering of a neutral
ytterbium atom with its positive ion at energies up to 30
eV. We identify peaks in the forward direction as arising
from elastic collisions and those in the backward direction
as from charge transfer. We show that the total cross
section follows a semiclassical expression over a large
range of energies and that the resonant charge transfer may
be characterized by four energy regimes: an s -wave regime
at ultralow energies, a modified Langevin regime at low
energy, a Langevin regime at medium energy, and an
"exchange" regime at high energy. We find large variations
between the different isotopes for the two lowest-energy
regimes and very little variation for the two highest-energy
regimes. Our results are consistent with recent
measurements. © 2009 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.80.030703},
Key = {fds315720}
}
@article{fds315722,
Author = {Bovino, S and Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Trapping hydrogen atoms from a neon-gas matrix: A
theoretical simulation},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {131},
Number = {5},
Pages = {054302-054302},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3180822},
Abstract = {Hydrogen is of critical importance in atomic and molecular
physics and the development of a simple and efficient
technique for trapping cold and ultracold hydrogen atoms
would be a significant advance. In this study we simulate a
recently proposed trap-loading mechanism for trapping
hydrogen atoms released from a neon matrix. Accurate ab
initio quantum calculations are reported of the
neon-hydrogen interaction potential and the energy- and
angular-dependent elastic scattering cross sections that
control the energy transfer of initially cold atoms are
obtained. They are then used to construct the Boltzmann
kinetic equation, describing the energy relaxation process.
Numerical solutions of the Boltzmann equation predict the
time evolution of the hydrogen energy distribution function.
Based on the simulations we discuss the prospects of the
technique. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3180822},
Key = {fds315722}
}
@article{fds315733,
Author = {Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Collision-induced spin exchange of alkali-metal atoms with
H3 e: An ab initio study},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.79.062707},
Abstract = {We present a rigorous quantum study of spin-exchange
transitions in collisions of the alkali-metal atoms with H3
e in the presence of an external magnetic field. Using
accurate ab initio interaction potentials, we obtain refined
estimates for the Fermi contact interaction constants for
complexes of Na, K, and Rb atoms with H3 e. Ab initio
calculations show that the Fermi contact interaction in Li-
H3 e varies more slowly with internuclear distance than
predicted by the atomic model. The calculated spin-exchange
rate constants for Na, K, and Rb atoms in a gas of H3 e are
in good agreement with experimental data. Our calculations
demonstrate that at a temperature of 0.5 K,
collision-induced spin exchange of the alkali-metal atoms
occurs at a very slow rate of ∼ 10-22 cm3 /s, suggesting
potential applications in cryogenic cooling, precision
spectroscopy, and quantum optics. © 2009 The American
Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.79.062707},
Key = {fds315733}
}
@article{fds315712,
Author = {Zhang, P and Maeda, S and Morokuma, K and Braams,
BJ},
Title = {Photochemical reactions of the low-lying excited states of
formaldehyde: T 1 / S 0 intersystem
crossings, characteristics of the S 1 and T
1 potential energy surfaces, and a global T
1 potential energy surface},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {130},
Number = {11},
Pages = {114304-114304},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3085952},
Abstract = {Accurate ab initio calculations using the multireference
configuration interaction method have been performed to
characterize the potential energy surfaces (PESs) of
low-lying excited states (S 1 and T 1) of formaldehyde (H 2
CO) and hydroxymethylene (HCOH) with emphasis on their
isomerization, dissociation, and the possible role of the T
1 state in the nonadiabatic photodissociation of H 2 CO. Two
regions on the T 1 PES are found to contribute to the
nonadiabatic transition to the ground (S 0) state. Three
minima on the seam of crossing (MSXs), 80-85 kcal/mol (above
the S 0 global minimum), are located in the HCOH region;
they, however, are blocked by a high-energy isomerization
transition state at ∼107 kcal/mol. The other MSX
discovered in the H2 CO region is reachable with energy
≤91 kcal/mol and strong spin-orbit interaction; this may
be a more important pathway for the T 1 to S 0 transition. A
full-dimensional PES is generated for the T 1 state, fitted
by a weighted least-squares method employing a many-body
expansion in which each term is a function of the
internuclear distances and is invariant under permutations
of like atoms. The single global function covers the
formaldehyde and the HCOH regions as well as dissociation
pathways. The high quality of the fitted PES is demonstrated
by the small root-mean-square fitting error of 119 cm -1 and
the close agreement between the critical points from ab
initio calculations and from the fitted PES. © 2009
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3085952},
Key = {fds315712}
}
@article{fds315737,
Author = {Wang, Z and Kerkines, ISK and Morokuma, K and Zhang,
P},
Title = {Analytical potential energy surfaces for N3
low-lying doublet states},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {130},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044313-044313},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3068742},
Abstract = {Adiabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs) for five low
lying doublet states (three 2A′ states and two 2A″
states) of N3 are constructed based on 1504 single point
calculations at the MRCISD(Q) level using aug-cc-pVTZ basis
set. A new strategy is adopted to obtain the final PESs by
combining global fits of individual adiabatic PESs and local
simultaneous fits of two adiabatic PESs in several conical
intersection regions with switching functions. These global
fits employ basis functions that satisfy permutational
invariance with respect to like nuclei and have rms errors
around 2-3 kcal/mol. The special local two-state fits are
performed at the cyclic, bent, and linear N3 conical
intersection regions to take account of intrinsic square
root behavior of the potentials and to improve the quality
of fitting. Stationary points as well as minima on the
concial intersections and seams of crossing are located on
these PESs and compared with ab initio results. The
agreement is satisfactory in most cases. In addition to the
construction of adiabatic PESs, diabatization is performed
for the 1 2A′ and 2 2A′ states around their conical
intersection at the N 3 bent region. These two diabatic PESs
and the diabatic coupling potential have been constructed
and reported. © 2009 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3068742},
Key = {fds315737}
}
@article{fds315728,
Author = {Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Jamieson, MJ and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Energy relaxation in collisions of hydrogen and deuterium
with oxygen atoms},
Journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
Volume = {114},
Number = {7},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0148-0227},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JA014055},
Abstract = {Collision energy transfer processes between hydrogen,
deuterium, and oxygen atoms in the upper atmospheres of the
terrestrial planets are studied. A new set of interaction
potentials has been constructed using an accurate ab initio
method. Full orientationdependent scattering cross sections
have been obtained quantum mechanically and have been
incorporated into the construction of the linear Boltzmann
kinetic equation describing the energy relaxation process.
The isotope and temperature dependence of the energy
relaxation parameters have been analyzed. Distributions of
the secondary energetic recoil atoms have been computed and
the fractions of hot atoms capable of escaping from the
atmospheres of the terrestrial planets have been determined.
For applications to atmospheric physics and astrophysics, we
have computed effective hard sphere cross sections for O + H
and O + D collisions that closely reproduce the energy
relaxation kinetics obtained from the linear Boltzmann
equation. These effective cross sections, which are
functions of the laboratory frame collisional energy and the
temperature of the bath gas, may be used in simulations of
the thermalization of hot O, H, and D atoms and their escape
from planets. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical
Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2009JA014055},
Key = {fds315728}
}
@article{fds315717,
Author = {Kerkines, ISK and Wang, Z and Zhang, P and Morokuma,
K},
Title = {Structures and energies of low-lying doublet excited states
of N3 from accurate configuration interaction
calculations},
Journal = {Molecular Physics},
Volume = {107},
Number = {8-12},
Pages = {1017-1025},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0026-8976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970802712530},
Abstract = {The low-lying doublet excited states of the azide radical
(N3) have been studied at a highly multireference ab initio
level of theory including basis sets up to augmented
quadruple- quality. A full hypersurface scan under C2v
restrictions for five low-lying bent N3 states (2A2, 2A1,
2B1, and two 2B2) revealed a highly complex potential
surface manifold with many stationary points, conical
intersections and multiple surface crossings, all of which
have been characterized at a high level of theory. The
behavior of these states is discussed, especially as a
function of the NNN angle. At least two new low-lying
pathways on the excited surfaces leading from the linear to
the cyclic-N3 region were found, both involving the
components of the degenerate excited 2u state of linear
N3.},
Doi = {10.1080/00268970802712530},
Key = {fds315717}
}
@article{fds315736,
Author = {Tscherbul, TV and Zhang, P and Sadeghpour, HR and Dalgarno, A and Brahms, N and Au, YS and Doyle, JM},
Title = {Collision-induced spin depolarization of alkali-metal atoms
in cold He3 gas},
Journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1050-2947},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.78.060703},
Abstract = {We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of
spin depolarization in collisions of alkali-metal atoms with
He3 in a magnetic field. A rigorous quantum theory for
spin-changing transitions is developed and applied to
calculate the spin exchange and spin relaxation rates of Li
and K atoms in cryogenic He3 gas. Magnetic trapping
experiments provide upper bounds to the spin exchange rates
for Li- He3 and K- He3, which are in agreement with the
present theory. Our calculations demonstrate that the
alkali-metal atoms have extremely slow spin depolarization
rates, suggesting a number of potential applications in
precision spectroscopy and quantum optics. © 2008 The
American Physical Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.78.060703},
Key = {fds315736}
}
@article{fds315714,
Author = {Shepler, BC and Epifanovsky, E and Zhang, P and Bowman, JM and Krylov,
AI and Morokuma, K},
Title = {Photodissociation dynamics of formaldehyde initiated at the
T 1/S0 minimum energy crossing
configurations},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A},
Volume = {112},
Number = {51},
Pages = {13267-13270},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1089-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp808410p},
Abstract = {The photodissociation dynamics of H2CO is known to involve
electronic states S1 T1 and S0. Recent quasiclassical
trajectory (QCT) calculations, in conjunction with
experiment, have identified a "roaming" H-atom pathway to
the molecular products, H2+CO [Townsend; et al. Science
2004, 306, 1158.]. These calculations were initiated at the
global minimum (GM) of S0, which is where the initial wave
function is located. The "roaming" mechanism is not seen if
trajectories are initiated from the molecular transition
state saddle point (SP). In this Letter we identify the
minimum energy-crossing configurations and energy of the
T1S0 potentials as a step toward studying the multisurface
nature of the photodissociation. QCT calculations are
initiated at these configurations on a revised potential
energy surface and the results are compared to those
initiated, as previously, from the S0 GM as well as the S0
SP. The product state distributions of H2 + CO from
trajectories initiated at the T1/S0 crossing are in
excellent agreement with those initiated at the S0 GM. ©
2008 American Chemical Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp808410p},
Key = {fds315714}
}
@article{fds315710,
Author = {Kerkines, ISK and Wang, Z and Zhang, P and Morokuma,
K},
Title = {Photodissociation of ClN3 at 157 nm: Theory
suggests a pathway leading to cyclic CN3},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {129},
Number = {17},
Pages = {171101-171101},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3001918},
Abstract = {The photodissociation dynamics of chlorine azide (ClN3) at
the 157 nm region was studied theoretically using the
multireference configuration interaction method and the
complete active space self-consistent field direct dynamics
method. The excitation at the 157 nm region was assigned to
the 4 A1 ′ (S7) X̃ A1 ′ (S0) transition. A likely
pathway for the formation of cyclic CN3 after this
transition was identified by direct dynamics as follows:
ClN3 excited to 4 A1 ′ (S7) dissociates after about 40 fs
to excited CN3 (2 A2 ′, with about 44 kcal/mol internal
energy) +Cl (P2). This vibrationally hot CN 3 (2 A2 ′)
goes diabatically through a conical intersection with CN3 (1
A2 ′) at 44 fs onto 1 A2 ′. At 19 fs later and
repeatedly after every 55 fs, CN3 (1 A2 ′) crosses and
trickles down via Coriolis coupling to CN3 (2 A2 ″ / B2 1)
state, which has a potential minimum at the cyclic- CN3
structure. Some fraction of CN3 (2 A2 ″ / B2 1) produced
will survive dissociation and will be found as the cyclic
CN3, and some other fraction will eventually dissociate to N
(D2) + N2 over a high barrier found previously. © 2008
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.3001918},
Key = {fds315710}
}
@article{fds315708,
Author = {Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Long-range interactions of ytterbium atoms},
Journal = {Molecular Physics},
Volume = {106},
Number = {12-13},
Pages = {1525-1529},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0026-8976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970802126608},
Abstract = {The long-range interactions of two ground state ytterbium
atoms and of an ytterbium atom and a perfectly conducting
wall are calculated, including the effects of retardation.
The static and dynamic polarizabilities are determined using
time-independent linear response coupled cluster
theory.},
Doi = {10.1080/00268970802126608},
Key = {fds315708}
}
@article{fds315715,
Author = {Bodo, E and Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Ultra-cold ion-atom collisions: Near resonant charge
exchange},
Journal = {New Journal of Physics},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {033024-033024},
Publisher = {IOP Publishing},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033024},
Abstract = {Accurate calculations of the near resonant charge exchange
crosssections in HD+, HT+ and Dr at very low energies are
presented. The charge exchange process between an ion and
its parent atom is a near resonant process that becomes
inelastic when two different isotopes are involved. We find
that, at very low energies, the charge exchange
cross-section follows Wigner's law for inelastic processes
and becomes much larger than the cross-section for elastic
collisions which tends to a finite limit. The efficiency of
inelastic charge exchange increases as the mass difference
between the two isotopes decreases. © IOP Publishing Ltd
and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellscha.},
Doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033024},
Key = {fds315715}
}
@article{fds315709,
Author = {Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Dalgarno, A and Matsumi, Y and Nakayama,
T and Takahashi, K},
Title = {Approach to thermal equilibrium in atomic
collisions},
Journal = {Physical Review Letters},
Volume = {100},
Number = {10},
Publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0031-9007},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.103001},
Abstract = {The energy relaxation of fast atoms moving in a thermal bath
gas is explored experimentally and theoretically. Two time
scales characterize the equilibration, one a short time, in
which the isotropic energy distribution profile relaxes to a
Maxwellian shape at some intermediate effective temperature,
and the second, a longer time in which the relaxation
preserves a Maxwellian distribution and its effective
temperature decreases continuously to the bath gas
temperature. The formation and preservation of a Maxwellian
distribution does not depend on the projectile to bath gas
atom mass ratio. This two-stage behavior arises due to the
dominance of small angle scattering and small energy
transfer in the collisions of neutral particles.
Measurements of the evolving Doppler profiles of emission
from excited initially energetic nitrogen atoms traversing
bath gases of helium and argon confirm the theoretical
predictions. © 2008 The American Physical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.103001},
Key = {fds315709}
}
@article{fds347624,
Author = {Kang, YK and Zheng, J and Rubtsov, IV and Beratan, DN and Therien,
MJ},
Title = {Orientational Dependence of Cofacial Porphyrin-Quinone
Electronic Interactions within the Strong Coupling
Regime},
Journal = {J. Am. Chem. Soc.},
Volume = {123},
Number = {49},
Pages = {10456-10462},
Year = {2008},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07627},
Abstract = {We examine the relative magnitudes of electronic coupling
HDA in two face-to-face rigid and diastereomeric
(porphinato)zinc(II)-quinone (PZn-Q) assemblies, 1β-ZnA and
1β-ZnB, in which the six quinonyl carbon atoms lie in
virtually identical arrangements relative to the PZn plane
at sub-van der Waals donor-acceptor (D-A) interplanar
separations. Steady-state and time-resolved transient
optical data and computational studies show that minor
differences in relative D-A cofacial orientation give rise
to disparate HDA magnitudes for both photoinduced charge
separation (CS) and thermal charge recombination (CR).
Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT)
computations illuminate the nature of direct charge transfer
states and the electronic structural factors that give rise
to these differential HDAs. These data show more extensive
mixing of locally excited (LE) and CS states in 1β-ZnA
relative to 1β-ZnB and that these HDA differences track the
magnitudes of electronic coupling matrix elements determined
from steady-state electronic spectral data and thermal CR
rate constants measured via pump-probe spectroscopy.
Collectively, this work shows that electron transfer
dynamics may be manipulated in cofacial D-A systems, even at
sub-van der Waals contact, provided that conformational
rigidity precludes structural fluctuations that modulate D-A
interactions on the charge transfer time
scale.},
Doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07627},
Key = {fds347624}
}
@article{fds315726,
Author = {Zhang, P and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Static dipole polarizability of ytterbium},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A},
Volume = {111},
Number = {49},
Pages = {12471-12476},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1089-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0750856},
Abstract = {The static dipole polarizability of the ground state
ytterbium atom is calculated using full and approximate
relativistic ab initio methods. Our recommended
polarizability of 143 au is consistent with experimental
atomic spectral data. The corresponding van der Waals
coefficient C6 of Yb2, derived using Padé approximants, is
2062 (200) au. © 2007 American Chemical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp0750856},
Key = {fds315726}
}
@article{fds315739,
Author = {Shepler, BC and Yang, BH and Dhilip Kumar and TJ and Stancil, PC and Bowman, JM and Balakrishnan, N and Zhang, P and Bodo, E and Dalgarno,
A},
Title = {Low energy H+CO scattering revisited CO rotational
excitation with new potential surfaces},
Journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
Volume = {475},
Number = {2},
Pages = {L15-L18},
Publisher = {E D P SCIENCES},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0004-6361},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20078693},
Abstract = {Context. A recent modeling study of brightness ratios for CO
rotational transitions in gas typical of the diffuse ISM by
Liszt found the role of H collisions to be more important
than previously assumed. This conclusion was based on recent
quantum scattering calculations using the so-called WKS
potential energy surface (PES) which reported a large cross
section for the important 0 → 1 rotational transition.
This result is in contradiction to one obtained using the
earlier BBH PES for which the cross section is quite small
and which is consistent with an expected homonuclear-like
propensity for even ΔJ transitions. Aims. We revisit this
contradiction with new scattering calculations using two new
ab initio PESs that focus on the important long-range
behavior and explore the validity of the apparent departure
from the expected even ΔJ propensity in H-CO rotational
excitation obtained with the WKS PES. Methods.
Close-coupling (CC) rigid-rotor calculations for CO(v = 0, J
= 0) excitation by H are performed on four different PESs.
Two of the PESs are obtained in this work using
state-of-the-art quantum chemistry techniques at the CCSD(T)
and MRCI levels of theory. Results. Cross sections for the J
= 0 → 1, as well as other odd ΔJ, transitions are
significantly suppressed compared to even ΔJ transitions in
thermal energy CC calculations using the CCSD(T) and MRCI
surfaces. This is consistent with the expected even ΔJ
propensity and in contrast to CC calculations using the WKS
PES which predict a dominating 0 → 1 transition.
Conclusions. Inelastic collision cross section calculations
are sensitive to fine details in the anisotropic components
of the PES and its long-range behavior. The current results
obtained with new surfaces for H-CO scattering suggest that
the original astrophysical assumption that excitation of CO
by H2 dominates the kinetics of CO in diffuse ISM gas is
likely to remain valid. © ESO 2007.},
Doi = {10.1051/0004-6361:20078693},
Key = {fds315739}
}
@article{fds315738,
Author = {Zhang, P and Kharchenko, V and Dalgarno, A},
Title = {Thermalization of suprathermal N(4S) atoms in He
and Ar gases},
Journal = {Molecular Physics},
Volume = {105},
Number = {11-12},
Pages = {1487-1496},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0026-8976},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970701210008},
Abstract = {The potential energies of nitrogen atoms interacting with
helium and argon atoms are determined and the rates of
thermalization of initially energetic nitrogen atoms
traversing bath gases of helium and argon atoms are
obtained. The C6 dispersion coefficients are determined to
be 5.79 a.u. for N-He and 39.42 a.u. for N-Ar. Quantum
mechanical calculations of the differential scattering
cross-sections are carried out and used to find solutions to
the kinetic Boltzmann equations. The rates of thermalization
are compared with experiments on the translational energy
relaxation of nitrogen atoms produced by the photolysis of
NO2. The accuracy of the hard sphere approximation in
interpreting the data is explored, and found to be
satisfactory with hard sphere cross-sections of 1.50 10-15
cm2 for helium and 1.98 10-15 cm2 for argon.},
Doi = {10.1080/00268970701210008},
Key = {fds315738}
}
@article{fds315729,
Author = {Zhang, J and Zhang, P and Chen, Y and Yuan, K and Harich, SA and Wang, X and Wang, Z and Yang, X and Morokuma, K and Wodtke, AM},
Title = {An experimental and theoretical study of ring closing
dynamics in HN3.},
Journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP},
Volume = {8},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1690-1696},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1463-9076},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b600599c},
Abstract = {We report on an H(D)-atom Rydberg tagging experiment for
H(D)N(3) photolysis providing detailed dynamical information
on the wavelength dependence of the H(D) + N(3) channel. We
observe subtle yet striking changes in the photochemical
dynamics as the photolysis energy passes through
approximately 5.6 eV. In addition to producing linear azide
with an average of approximately 40% of available energy
appearing as translation, a second H(D)-atom producing
channel grows in above this energy releasing only about 15%.
An observed (inverse) isotope effect suggests that
statistical decomposition on S(0) is unimportant. High level
ab initio quantum chemical calculations reveal a transition
state to cyclization of the N(3) moiety in H(D)N(3) on the
first excited singlet (S(1)) surface that is close in energy
to the experimentally observed threshold energy for this
"slow channel". Furthermore, the translational energy
release of the "slow channel" is energetically consistent
with cyclic-N(3) formation. This work provides the clearest
presently available insights into how ring closure can occur
in azide photochemistry.},
Doi = {10.1039/b600599c},
Key = {fds315729}
}
@article{fds315740,
Author = {Midey, AJ and Fernandez, AI and Viggiano, AA and Zhang, P and Morokuma,
K},
Title = {Ion chemistry of NOO +},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {124},
Number = {11},
Pages = {114313-114313},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2177257},
Abstract = {The kinetics for the reactions of NOO + ions with neutral
molecules having ionization potentials (IPs) from 9.27 to
15.58 eV was measured in a selected ion flow tube at 298 K.
The NOO + ions are produced from the reaction of N 3+O 2 and
have been reacted with the following: NO, C 6F 6, CS 2, CF
3I, C 3F 6, OCS, C 2H 6, Xe, SO 2, O 3, N 2O, CO 2, Kr, CO,
D 2, and N 2. Numerous types of reactions were observed with
the various neutral reagents, including production of NO +
(which may involve loss of an O from the ion or addition of
O to the neutral reactant, although the two channels could
not be distinguished here), charge transfer, isomerization
of NOO + to ONO +, and hydride abstraction. High level
theoretical calculations of the structures and energetics of
the various isomers, electronic states, and transition
states of NOO and NOO + were performed to better understand
the observed reactivity. All neutral species with an
IP≤11.18 eV were observed to react with NOO + in part by
charge transfer. Detailed calculations showed that the
recommended adiabatic and vertical IPs of NOO are 10.4 and
11.7 eV, respectively, at the MRCISD(Q)/AVQZ level of
theory. The observed experimental limit for charge transfer
of 11.18 eV agreed well with the energetics of the final
products obtained from theory if dissociation of the neutral
metastable product occurred, i.e., the products were X ++[O(
3P)+NO( 2II)], where [O( 3P)+NO( 2II)] formed via
dissociation of metastable NOO. Charge exchange with neutral
reagent X would, therefore, be exothermic if IP(X)<[IP
ad(NOO)-ΔE (O+NO)-NOO]= ∼ 11.1 eV, where IP ad(NOO) is
the adiabatic IP. The potential energy surface for the
reaction of NOO + with C 2H 6 was also calculated,
indicating that two pathways for formation of HNO 2+C 2H 5+
exist. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.2177257},
Key = {fds315740}
}
@article{fds315741,
Author = {Midey, AJ and Viggiano, AA and Zhang, P and Irle, S and Morokuma,
K},
Title = {A study of the reaction of N + with O
2: Experimental quantification of NO
+(a 3∑ +) production
(298-500 K) and computational study of the overall reaction
pathways},
Journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A},
Volume = {110},
Number = {9},
Pages = {3080-3086},
Publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1089-5639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp054376g},
Abstract = {The product branching ratios for NO +(X 1∑ +) and NO +(a
3∑ +) produced from the reaction of N + with O 2 have been
measured at 298 and 500 K in a selected ion flow tube.
Approximately 0.5% of the total products are in NO +(a) at
both temperatures, despite the fact that the reaction to
form NO +(a) is 0.3 eV exothermic. High-level ab initio
calculations of the potential energy surfaces for the N + +
O 2 reaction show that the reaction from N +( 3P) + O 2(
3∑ g) reactants starts with an efficient early stage
charge transfer to the N( 2D) + O 2+(X 2∏) channel, which
gives rise to the O 2+(X 2∏) product and, at the same
time, serves as the starting point for all of the reaction
channels leading to NO + and O + products. Pathways to
produce NO +(a 3∑ +) are found to be less favorable than
pathways leading to the major product NO +(X 1∑ +).
Production of N( 2D) has implications for the concentration
of NO in the mesosphere. © 2006 American Chemical
Society.},
Doi = {10.1021/jp054376g},
Key = {fds315741}
}
@article{fds315713,
Author = {Babikov, D and Kendrick, BK and Zhang, P and Morokuma,
K},
Title = {Cyclic-N 3. II. Significant geometric phase
effects in the vibrational spectra},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {044315-044315},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1824905},
Abstract = {An accurate theoretical prediction of the vibrational
spectra for a pure nitrogen ring (cyclic-N 3) molecule is
obtained up to the energy of the 2A 2/ 2B 1 conical
intersection. A coupled-channel approach using the
hyperspherical coordinates and the recently published ab
initio potential energy surface [D. Babikov, P. Zhang, and
K. Morokuma, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 6743 (2004)] is employed.
Two independent sets of calculations are reported: In the
first set, the standard Born-Oppenheimer approximation is
used and the geometric phase effects are totally neglected.
In the second set, the generalized Born-Oppenhimer
approximation is used and the geometric phase effects due to
the D 3h conical intersection are accurately treated. All
vibrational states are analyzed and assigned in terms of the
normal vibration mode quantum numbers. The magnitude of the
geometric phase effect is determined for each state. One
important finding is an unusually large magnitude of the
geometric phase effects in the cyclic-N 3: it is ∼100 cm
-1 for the low-lying vibrational states and exceeds 600 cm
-1 for several upper states. On average, this is almost two
orders of magnitude larger than in the previously reported
studies. This unique example suggests a favorable path to
experimental validation. © 2005 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1824905},
Key = {fds315713}
}
@article{fds315735,
Author = {Zhang, P and Morokuma, K and Wodtke, AM},
Title = {High-level ab initio studies of unimolecular dissociation of
the ground-state N 3 radical},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {1},
Pages = {014106-014106},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1804497},
Abstract = {A comprehensive study of the unimolecular dissociation of
the N 3 radical on the ground doublet and excited quartet
potential energy surfaces has been carried out with
multireference single and double excitation configuration
interaction and second-order multireference perturbation
methods. Two forms of the N 3 radical have been located in
the linear and cyclic region of the lowest doublet potential
energy surface with an isomerization barrier of 62.2
kcal/mol above the linear N 3. Three equivalent C 2v minima
of cyclic N 3 are connected by low barrier, meaning the
molecule is free to undergo pseudorotation. The cyclic N 3
is metastable with respect to ground state products, N(
4S)+N 2, and dissociation must occur via intersystem
crossing to a quartet potential energy surface. Minima on
the seams of crossing between the doublet and quartet
potential surfaces are found to lie substantially higher in
energy than the cyclic N 3 minima. This strongly suggests
that cyclic N 3 possesses a long collision-free lifetime
even if formed with substantial internal excitation. © 2005
American Institute of Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1804497},
Key = {fds315735}
}
@article{fds315707,
Author = {Liu, J and Zhang, P and Morokuma, K and Sharma, RD},
Title = {A new mechanism for the production of highly vibrationally
excited OH in the mesosphere: An ab initio study of the
reactions of O2 (A ∑u+3 and A′ Δu3)
+H},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {122},
Number = {10},
Pages = {104315-104315},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1862233},
Abstract = {In an attempt to explain the observed nightglow emission
from OH (v=10) in the mesosphere that has the energy greater
than the exothermicity of the H+ O3 reaction, potential
energy surfaces were calculated for reactions of high lying
electronic states of O2 (A ∑u+3 and A′ Δu3) with atomic
hydrogen H (S2) to produce the ground state products OH
(Π2) +O (P3). From collinear two-dimensional scans, several
adiabatic and nonadiabatic pathways have been identified.
Multiconfigurational single and double excitation
configuration interaction calculations show that the
adiabatic pathways on a Δ4 potential surface from O2 (A′
Δ3) +H and a ∑+4 potential surface from O2 (A ∑u+3) +H
are the most favorable, with the zero-point corrected
barrier heights of as low as 0.191 and 0.182 eV,
respectively, and the reactions are fast. The transition
states for these pathways are collinear and early, and the
reaction coordinate suggests that the potential energy
release of ca. 3.8 eV (larger than the energy required to
excite OH to v=10) is likely to favor high vibrational
excitation. © 2005 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1862233},
Key = {fds315707}
}
@article{fds315711,
Author = {Popovic, S and Midey, AJ and Williams, S and Fernandez, AI and Viggiano,
AA and Zhang, P and Morokuma, K},
Title = {Ion-molecule rate constants and branching ratios for the
reaction of N 3++O 2 from
120 to 1400 K},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {121},
Number = {19},
Pages = {9481-9488},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1807376},
Abstract = {The kinetics of the reaction of N 3+ with O 2 has been
studied from 120 to 1400 K using both a selected ion flow
tube and high-temperature flowing afterglow. The rate
constant decreases from 120 K to ∼1200 K and then
increases slightly up to the maximum temperature studied,
1400 K. The rate constant compares well to most of the
previous measurements in the overlapping temperature range.
Comparing the results to drift tube data shows that there is
not a large difference between increasing the translational
energy available for reaction and increasing the internal
energy of the reactants over much of the range, i.e., all
types of energies drive the reactivity equally. The reaction
produces both NO + and NO 2+ , the latter of which is shown
to be the higher energy NOO + linear isomer. The ratio of
NOO + to NO + decreases from a value of over 2 at 120 K to
less than 0.01 at 1400 K because of dissociation of NOO + at
the higher temperatures. This ratio decreases exponentially
with increasing temperature. High-level theoretical
calculations have also been performed to compliment the
data. Calculations using multi-reference configuration
interaction theory at the MRCISD(Q)/ cc-pVTZ level of theory
show that singlet NOO + is linear and is 4.5 eV higher in
energy than ONO +. A barrier of 0.9 eV prevents dissociation
into NO + and O( 1D); however, a crossing to a triplet
surface connects to NO + and O( 3P) products. A singlet and
a triplet potential energy surface leading to products have
been determined using coupled cluster theory at the CCSD(T)/
aug-cc-pVQZ level on structures optimized at the Becke3-Lee,
Yang, and Parr (B3LYP)/ aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The
experimental results and reaction mechanism are evaluated
using these surfaces. © 2004 American Institute of
Physics.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1807376},
Key = {fds315711}
}
@article{fds315719,
Author = {Babikov, D and Zhang, P and Morokuma, K},
Title = {Cyclic-N 3. I. An accurate potential energy
surface for the ground doublet electronic state up to the
energy of the 2A 2/ 2B
1 conical intersection},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {121},
Number = {14},
Pages = {6743-6749},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1780158},
Abstract = {The potential energy surface (PES) of cyclic-N 3 for ground
doublet electronic state to energy of 2A 2/ 2B 1 conical
intersection , was analyzed. An adiabatic ground electronic
state PES was constructed for a pure nitrogen ring molecule,
which is based on extensive high-level ab initio
calculations and accurate three-dimensional spline
representation. Significant characteristics of PES were
described by reduced dimensionality slices in internal
hyperspherical coordinates and full dimensional isoenergy
surfaces. The results show that remarkable geometric phase
effects are predicted in spectra of rotational-vibrational
states oc cyclic-N 3.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1780158},
Key = {fds315719}
}
@article{fds315743,
Author = {Zhang, P and Irle, S and Morokuma, K and Tschumper,
GS},
Title = {Ab initio theoretical studies of potential energy surfaces
in the photodissociation of the vinyl radical. I. Ã state
dissociation},
Journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
Volume = {119},
Number = {13},
Pages = {6524-6538},
Publisher = {AIP Publishing},
Year = {2003},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0021-9606},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1604378},
Abstract = {The mechanism of photodissociation of the vinyl radical, C
2H3 was studied with high-level ab initio methods. Geometry
optimizations of stationary points and surface crossing
seams were performed with complete active space
self-consistent field method. Both internal conversion and
intersystem crossing channels which bring the excited vinyl
radical down to ground state potential energy surface were
identified.},
Doi = {10.1063/1.1604378},
Key = {fds315743}
}
@article{fds315742,
Author = {Zhang, P and Morokuma, K},
Title = {Ab initio molecular orbital study of the weak
C̃2A′ ← X̃2A′ transition of
the vinyl radical},
Journal = {Chemical Physics Letters},
Volume = {367},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {482-488},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0009-2614},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01737-2},
Abstract = {The oscillator strength was calculated for the vinyl radical
at MRCISD and CASSCF levels between the ground state and
several doublet excited states. Results indicated that the
C̃2A′ ← X̃2A′ transition, of π* ← π character
that was usually thought to be strong, was very weak. The
C̃2A′ state is the result of coupling between the π* ←
π triplet excitation and the nonbonding electron, and the
transition is essentially 'spin-forbidden'. Another
high-energy doublet state was found with strong transition
from the ground state arising from coupling between the π*
← π singlet excitation and the nonbonding electron. This
appears to be a common feature for π* ← π excitation in
σ radicals. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01737-2},
Key = {fds315742}
}
%% Zhu, Maria
@article{fds338621,
Author = {Arcidiacono, P and Lovenheim, M and Zhu, M},
Title = {Affirmative Action in Undergraduate Education},
Journal = {Annual Review of Economics},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {487-518},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115445},
Abstract = {Copyright © 2015 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.
The use of race in college admissions is one of the most
contentious issues in US higher education. We survey the
literature on the impact of racial preferences in college
admissions on both minority and majority students. With
regard to minority students, particular attention is paid to
the scope of preferences as well as how preferences affect
graduation, choice of major, and labor market earnings. We
also examine how schools respond to bans on racial
preferences and the effects these responses have on racial
diversity at elite schools. With regard to majority
students, we examine the evidence on the returns to
attending a more racially diverse school, as well as how
racial preferences affect friendship formation. Finally, we
supplement studies of affirmative action in the United
States with evidence from India, which provides a much more
straightforward environment in which to study affirmative
action owing to the use of quotas and admissions rules based
solely on exam scores.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115445},
Key = {fds338621}
}
%% Ziff, Anna
@article{fds373367,
Author = {García, JL and Heckman, JJ and Ziff, AL},
Title = {Early childhood education and crime.},
Journal = {Infant mental health journal},
Volume = {40},
Number = {1},
Pages = {141-151},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21759},
Abstract = {This article presents new evidence on the crime-reducing
impacts of a high-quality, intensive early childhood program
with long-term follow-up, evaluated by a randomized
controlled trial. Proportionately, more women than men
decrease their criminal activity after participating in the
program. This gender difference arises because of the worse
home environments for girls, with corresponding greater
scope for improvement by the program. For both genders,
treatment effects are larger for the least-advantaged
children, as measured by their mother's education at
baseline. The dollar value of the social cost of criminal
activity averted is higher for men because they commit more
costly violent crimes.},
Doi = {10.1002/imhj.21759},
Key = {fds373367}
}
@article{fds373368,
Author = {García, JL and Heckman, JJ and Ziff, AL},
Title = {Gender differences in the benefits of an influential early
childhood program},
Journal = {European Economic Review},
Volume = {109},
Pages = {9-22},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.06.009},
Abstract = {This paper studies the life-cycle impacts of a widely
emulated high-quality, intensive early childhood program
with long-term follow up. The program starts early in life
(at 8 weeks of age) and is evaluated by an RCT. There are
multiple treatment effects which we summarize through
interpretable aggregates. Girls have a greater number of
statistically significant treatment effects than boys and
effect sizes for them are generally bigger. The source of
this difference is worse home environments for girls with
greater scope for improvement by the program. Fathers of
sons support their families more than fathers of
daughters.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.06.009},
Key = {fds373368}
}
@article{fds373369,
Author = {Biroli, P and Del Boca and D and Heckman, JJ and Heckman, L and Koh, Y and Kuperman, S and Moktan, S and Pronzato, C and Ziff,
A},
Title = {Evaluation of the Reggio Approach to Early
Education},
Journal = {SSRN Electronic Journal},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2964131},
Doi = {10.2139/ssrn.2964131},
Key = {fds373369}
}
