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| Publications of Martin D. Smith :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Papers Published
@article{fds376268,
Author = {McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Williams, Z and Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE},
Title = {Policy and market forces delay real estate price declines on
the US coast.},
Journal = {Nature communications},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {2209},
Publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
Year = {2024},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46548-6},
Abstract = {Despite increasing risks from sea-level rise (SLR) and
storms, US coastal communities continue to attract
relatively high-income residents, and coastal property
values continue to rise. To understand this seeming paradox
and explore policy responses, we develop the Coastal Home
Ownership Model (C-HOM) and analyze the long-term evolution
of coastal real estate markets. C-HOM incorporates changing
physical attributes of the coast, economic values of these
attributes, and dynamic risks associated with storms and
flooding. Resident owners, renters, and non-resident
investors jointly determine coastal property values and the
policy choices that influence the physical evolution of the
coast. In the coupled system, we find that subsidies for
coastal management, such as beach nourishment, tax
advantages for high-income property owners, and stable or
increasing property values outside the coastal zone all
dampen the effects of SLR on coastal property values. The
effects, however, are temporary and only delay precipitous
declines as total inundation approaches. By removing
subsidies, prices would more accurately reflect risks from
SLR but also trigger more coastal gentrification, as
relatively high-income owners enter the market and
self-finance nourishment. Our results suggest a policy
tradeoff between slowing demographic transitions in coastal
communities and allowing property markets to adjust smoothly
to risks from climate change.},
Doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-46548-6},
Key = {fds376268}
}
@article{fds373985,
Author = {Waller, J and Bartlett, J and Bates, E and Bray, H and Brown, M and Cieri,
M and Clark, C and Devoe, W and Donahue, B and Frechette, D and Glon, H and Hunter, M and Huntsberger, C and Kanwit, K and Ledwin, S and Lewis, B and Peters, R and Reardon, K and Russell, R and Smith, M and Uraneck, C and Watts, R and Wilson, C},
Title = {Reflecting on the recent history of coastal Maine fisheries
and marine resource monitoring: the value of collaborative
research, changing ecosystems, and thoughts on preparing for
the future},
Journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},
Volume = {80},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2074-2086},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad134},
Abstract = {The Maine Department of Marine Resources (MEDMR) is a state
agency tasked with developing, conserving, researching, and
promoting commercial and recreational marine fisheries
across Maine's vast coastline. Close collaborations with
industry members in each of the 30 or more fisheries that
support Maine's coastal economy are central to MEDMR's
efforts to address this suite of tasks. Here we reflect on
recent decades of MEDMR's work and demonstrate how MEDMR
fisheries research programmes are preparing for an uncertain
future through the lens of three broadly applicable
climate-driven challenges: (1) a rapidly changing marine
ecosystem; (2) recommendations driven by state and federal
climate initiatives; and (3) the need to share institutional
knowledge with a new generation of marine resource
scientists. We do this by highlighting our scientific and
co-management approach to coastal Maine fisheries that have
prospered, declined, or followed a unique trend over the
last 25+ years. We use these examples to illustrate our
lessons learned when studying a diverse array of fisheries,
highlight the importance of collaborations with academia and
the commercial fishing industry, and share our
recommendations to marine resource scientists for addressing
the climate-driven challenges that motivated this
work.},
Doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsad134},
Key = {fds373985}
}
@article{fds373423,
Author = {Schlüter, M and Brelsford, C and Ferraro, PJ and Orach, K and Qiu, M and Smith, MD},
Title = {Unraveling complex causal processes that affect
sustainability requires more integration between empirical
and modeling approaches.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {120},
Number = {41},
Pages = {e2215676120},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2215676120},
Abstract = {Scientists seek to understand the causal processes that
generate sustainability problems and determine effective
solutions. Yet, causal inquiry in nature-society systems is
hampered by conceptual and methodological challenges that
arise from nature-society interdependencies and the complex
dynamics they create. Here, we demonstrate how
sustainability scientists can address these challenges and
make more robust causal claims through better integration
between empirical analyses and process- or agent-based
modeling. To illustrate how these different epistemological
traditions can be integrated, we present four studies of air
pollution regulation, natural resource management, and the
spread of COVID-19. The studies show how integration can
improve empirical estimates of causal effects, inform future
research designs and data collection, enhance understanding
of the complex dynamics that underlie observed temporal
patterns, and elucidate causal mechanisms and the contexts
in which they operate. These advances in causal
understanding can help sustainability scientists develop
better theories of phenomena where social and ecological
processes are dynamically intertwined and prior causal
knowledge and data are limited. The improved causal
understanding also enhances governance by helping scientists
and practitioners choose among potential interventions,
decide when and how the timing of an intervention matters,
and anticipate unexpected outcomes. Methodological
integration, however, requires skills and efforts of all
involved to learn how members of the respective other
tradition think and analyze nature-society
systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.2215676120},
Key = {fds373423}
}
@article{fds373696,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Economics of Aquatic Foods: Combining Bioeconomics and
Market Analysis to Inform Regulations That Deliver
Value},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {4},
Pages = {305-327},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/726026},
Abstract = {Bioeconomic modeling and seafood market analysis both have
rich intellectual traditions that have contrib-uted insights
to understanding the economics of aquatic foods. This paper
argues that these traditions, which developed mostly in
parallel, should be combined more purposefully to understand
management problems in fisheries and aquaculture. First,
modeling the feedback between economic incentives and
biological mecha-nisms is essential for avoiding management
failure, and prices provide important incentives. Second,
the form of management affects opportunities to generate
value, influencing patterns of exploitation and the types of
products that come from fishery resources. Third, price
incentives in fisheries and responses to management depend
on market context, including competition with aquaculture.
By combining these insights with a modern empirical focus on
counterfactuals, including both reduced-form and structural
modeling approaches to causal inference, economists can
inform policy and help to deliver a wide range of values
from the production and consumption of aquatic
foods.},
Doi = {10.1086/726026},
Key = {fds373696}
}
@article{fds372271,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Kaczan, DJ and Smith, MD and Ardini, G and Holland,
DS and Lee, MY and Lipton, D and Travis, MD},
Title = {Do Catch Shares Increase Prices? Evidence from US
Fisheries},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {38},
Number = {3},
Pages = {203-228},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/725010},
Abstract = {Rights-based management of fishery resources theoretically
allows firms to minimize the cost of extraction without the
threat that other harvesters will take their allocations,
but added flexibility also allows firms to exploit revenue
margins such that firms balance potential revenue gains with
potential cost savings. Using two approaches,
difference-in-differences with an index of seafood prices
and synthetic control, we test for revenue gains in 39 US
fisheries that adopted market-based regulations and find
mixed evidence of price increases. Species with price
increases tend to have viable fresh markets or other
features that discourage gluts, whereas species with price
decreases plausibly have more to gain on the cost side or
are part of a multispecies complex with a higher-value
species experiencing a price increase.},
Doi = {10.1086/725010},
Key = {fds372271}
}
@article{fds363394,
Author = {Keeler, AG and Mullin, M and McNamara, DE and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Buyouts with rentbacks: a policy proposal for managing
coastal retreat},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {646-651},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13412-022-00762-0},
Abstract = {The discussion of adaptation to climate change in coastal
areas has focused on short-term risk reduction and
climate-proofing, but there is growing recognition that—at
some point in the future—relocation to less vulnerable
geographical areas will become necessary for large numbers
of residents in many coastal communities. Spontaneous
relocations that occur after catastrophic events can entail
high costs, both for those who resettle elsewhere and for
the remaining community. Managed retreat attempts to reduce
such costs, thereby facilitating the relocation process.
Property buyouts, the most prominently discussed policy tool
for managed retreat, present significant challenges in terms
of equity, timing, finance, and scale. We discuss innovation
in buyout policy that allows residents to remain in their
homes as renters after being bought out. We develop the
basic structure of such a policy and show the pathways
through which it can help to finance buyouts, harmonize
public and private decision-making, and manage the timing of
community transition. We also recommend funding mechanisms
and other details to overcome the substantial barriers to
implementation. Although buyouts with rentbacks will require
institutional innovation in order to serve as an effective
policy framework, the policy has the potential to improve
social, economic, and environmental outcomes from the
eventual unfortunate but necessary migration away from
coastal areas.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13412-022-00762-0},
Key = {fds363394}
}
@article{fds363708,
Author = {Garlock, T and Anderson, JL and Asche, F and Smith, MD and Camp, E and Chu,
J and Lorenzen, K and Vannuccini, S},
Title = {Global insights on managing fishery systems for the three
pillars of sustainability},
Journal = {Fish and Fisheries},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {899-909},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12660},
Abstract = {There is growing recognition that fisheries should be
managed for all three pillars of sustainability: economic,
social and environmental sustainability. Limited
quantitative evidence exists on factors supporting social
sustainability, much less factors that contribute to
multiple dimensions of sustainability. To develop a broader
understanding of the factors that influence the performance
of fishery management systems in environmental, economic and
social pillars, we examine 11 input factors conjectured to
contribute to successful fisheries using a global dataset of
145 fisheries case studies. The analysis indicates that
management approaches are cross-cutting and contribute to
multiple dimensions of sustainability to varying extents.
Importantly, factors exogenous to fisheries management can
be as important as fisheries management, suggesting
collaboration of fisheries institutions with other public
and private institutions is important for sustainable
fisheries development.},
Doi = {10.1111/faf.12660},
Key = {fds363708}
}
@article{fds363899,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Cojocaru, AL and Smith, MD and Asche,
F},
Title = {Discrete Choice Modeling of Fishers’ Landing
Locations},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {235-262},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/719929},
Abstract = {Commercial fishing decisions about where to land and sell
catches have important efficiency and distributional
implications for fishing communities. Unlike fishing
location choices, landing locations choices have received
little attention. We develop a model of fishers’ landing
sites in northern Norway. While fishers are highly
responsive to travel distance, we find that expected
revenues are a lesser driver of landing location choices.
Rather, choices are dominated by strong state dependence,
and most vessels always land at the same port. These results
suggest that economic policies designed to redistribute
landings in order to aid certain communities would not
necessarily draw fishers away from their preferred landing
sites. On the other hand, the responsiveness of some fishers
to intraseasonal stock movements offers a glimpse of how
climate change could reshape the spatial equilibria of
landings and seafood production in years to
come.},
Doi = {10.1086/719929},
Key = {fds363899}
}
@article{fds361962,
Author = {Asche, F and Yang, B and Gephart, JA and Smith, MD and Anderson, JL and Camp, EV and Garlock, TM and Love, DC and Oglend, A and Straume,
H-M},
Title = {China's seafood imports-Not for domestic
consumption?},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {375},
Number = {6579},
Pages = {386-388},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4756},
Abstract = {[Figure: see text].},
Doi = {10.1126/science.abl4756},
Key = {fds361962}
}
@article{fds363000,
Author = {Asche, F and Oglend, A and Smith, MD},
Title = {Global markets and the commons: The role of imports in the
US wild-caught shrimp market},
Journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5b3e},
Abstract = {The commons literature focuses heavily on rules and the
behavior of resource users but places less emphasis on the
returns to individual effort. However, for most resource
settings, market conditions and associated resource prices
are key drivers of exploitation effort. In a globalized
world, import competition can strongly influence the
incentives for individual resource users, a topic largely
unexplored in the commons literature. Import competition is
especially salient for seafood, one of the most
internationally traded food groups. We analyze the US shrimp
market, which was once dominated by domestic catches but is
now mostly supplied by imports. For domestic producers
(users of the commons), lower revenues result, while US
consumers eat more shrimp at lower prices. Globalization
changed the sources of price risk and compensation that
domestic producers face and altered incentives to exploit
the commons. In a market dominated by domestic supply
shocks, the price response to a shock moderates the effect
on revenue and effort. In a market dominated by imports,
domestic shocks are buffered by import adjustments, while
price movements are determined by global shocks. Despite
losses for the domestic fishery, globalization creates new
incentives to coordinate effort and capture price premiums
determined in the global market.},
Doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac5b3e},
Key = {fds363000}
}
@article{fds365199,
Author = {Cojocaru, AL and Liu, Y and Smith, MD and Akpalu, W and Chávez, C and Dey,
MM and Dresdner, J and Kahui, V and Pincinato, RBM and Tran,
N},
Title = {The “Seafood” System: Aquatic Foods, Food Security, and
the Global South},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721032},
Doi = {10.1086/721032},
Key = {fds365199}
}
@article{fds365200,
Author = {Asche, F and Eggert, H and Oglend, A and Roheim, CA and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Aquaculture: Externalities and Policy Options},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721055},
Doi = {10.1086/721055},
Key = {fds365200}
}
@article{fds360608,
Author = {Asseng, S and Palm, CA and Anderson, JL and Fresco, L and Sanchez, PA and Asche, F and Garlock, TM and Fanzo, J and Smith, MD and Knapp, G and Jarvis, A and Adesogan, A and Capua, I and Hoogenboom, G and Despommier,
DD and Conti, L and Garrett, KA},
Title = {Implications of new technologies for future food supply
systems},
Journal = {Journal of Agricultural Science},
Volume = {159},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {315-319},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859621000836},
Abstract = {The combination of advances in knowledge, technology,
changes in consumer preference and low cost of manufacturing
is accelerating the next technology revolution in crop,
livestock and fish production systems. This will have major
implications for how, where and by whom food will be
produced in the future. This next technology revolution
could benefit the producer through substantial improvements
in resource use and profitability, but also the environment
through reduced externalities. The consumer will ultimately
benefit through more nutritious, safe and affordable food
diversity, which in turn will also contribute to the
acceleration of the next technology. It will create new
opportunities in achieving progress towards many of the
Sustainable Development Goals, but it will require early
recognition of trends and impact, public research and policy
guidance to avoid negative trade-offs. Unfortunately, the
quantitative predictability of future impacts will remain
low and uncertain, while new chocks with unexpected
consequences will continue to interrupt current and future
outcomes. However, there is a continuing need for improving
the predictability of shocks to future food systems
especially for ex-ante assessment for policy and
planning.},
Doi = {10.1017/S0021859621000836},
Key = {fds360608}
}
@article{fds357023,
Author = {Havice, E and Campbell, LM and Campling, L and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Making sense of firms for ocean governance},
Journal = {One Earth},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {602-604},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.022},
Abstract = {Attention to firms in the ocean economy is growing as oceans
face rapid ecological change as well as surges in investment
and governance efforts under a “blue economy” paradigm.
Concepts and methods that can “make sense” of firms and
their positioning within value chains are essential for
scholars seeking to inform a more sustainable ocean
future.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.022},
Key = {fds357023}
}
@article{fds355796,
Author = {Petesch, T and Dubik, B and Smith, MD},
Title = {Implications of disease in shrimp aquaculture for
wild-caught shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {191-209},
Year = {2021},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/712993},
Abstract = {We investigate whether supply shocks in shrimp aquaculture
caused by disease increase prices of wild-caught shrimp in
the US Gulf of Mexico, using Gulf prices and US shrimp
imports from Ecuador, Thailand, and Indonesia. Many studies
have shown that shrimp markets are cointegrated, meaning
relative prices tend not to diverge substantially or for
long periods. We also find cointegration, and we evaluate a
vector error correction model for structural breaks to
determine whether the most significant changes in the price
relationships coincide with the timing of disease crises in
aquaculture. Gulf prices fell steadily throughout the early
2000s because of innovations in shrimp aquaculture, however,
early mortality syndrome (EMS) caused a major disruption in
aquaculture starting around 2011. Our results indicate that
EMS may have precipitated a disturbance to the long-run
relationship of our prices, suggesting that disease may have
offered temporary benefits to the US shrimp
fishery.},
Doi = {10.1086/712993},
Key = {fds355796}
}
@article{fds354175,
Author = {Li, Q and Smith, MD},
Title = {Fishery collapse revisited},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-22},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711233},
Abstract = {Fishery collapse has been defined as a fishery with annual
landings less than 10% of the historic maximum observed
catch. However, this 10% rule is not grounded in bioeconomic
theory despite being widely used in empirical economic
studies of fisheries. We assess the 10% rule by simulating
fisheries under pure open access, open access with cost
changes, open access with critical depensation, optimal
management (both deterministic and stochastic cases), and
rebuilding plans. We show that the 10% rule generates false
negatives and false positives, and that the prevalence of
these problems varies under different institutional
configurations, economic incentives, and biological
conditions. We urge researchers to abandon this outcome
measure for comparative empirical tests and encourage more
research on collapse that attends to human agency and
institutions.},
Doi = {10.1086/711233},
Key = {fds354175}
}
@article{fds354344,
Author = {Li, Q and Bronnmann, J and Karasik, R and Quaas, MF and Smith,
MD},
Title = {An Age-Structured Backward-Bending Supply of Fish:
Implications for Conservation of Bluefin
Tuna},
Journal = {Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource
Economists},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {165-192},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2021},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/711225},
Abstract = {We develop a bioeconomic model to analyze the long-run
supply of fish and find that steady-state supply can have
multiple bends in an age-structured setting. We parameterize
the model using data for the Eastern stock of Atlantic
Bluefin tuna dur-ing the predominantly open-access period
(1950–2006). The numerical Bluefin supply curve bends
backward just once and at a price below the current
ex-vessel price and far below historic real prices from the
1990s. Reestimating the model using data through 2015 to
account for new management and allowing for cost changes
finds that the current backward-bending price is far above
the current market price. The results suggest that market
developments that lower price, including growth in
closed-cycle aquaculture, can influence the stock condition.
However, strengthening management in the mid-2000s was
necessary to keep the fishery from operating on the
backward-bending portion of supply in the long
run.},
Doi = {10.1086/711225},
Key = {fds354344}
}
@article{fds355500,
Author = {Nowlin, M and Bennett, A and Basurto, X and Virdin, J and Lin, X and Betances, S and Smith, M and Roady, S},
Title = {Recognize Fish as Food in Policy Discourse and Development
Funding},
Journal = {Ambio},
Volume = {50},
Number = {5},
Pages = {981-989},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01451-4},
Abstract = {The international development community is off-track from
meeting targets for alleviating global malnutrition.
Meanwhile, there is growing consensus across scientific
disciplines that fish plays a crucial role in food and
nutrition security. However, this 'fish as food' perspective
has yet to translate into policy and development funding
priorities. We argue that the traditional framing of fish as
a natural resource emphasizes economic development and
biodiversity conservation objectives, whereas situating fish
within a food systems perspective can lead to innovative
policies and investments that promote nutrition-sensitive
and socially equitable capture fisheries and aquaculture.
This paper highlights four pillars of research needs and
policy directions toward this end. Ultimately, recognizing
and working to enhance the role of fish in alleviating
hunger and malnutrition can provide an additional long-term
development incentive, beyond revenue generation and
biodiversity conservation, for governments, international
development organizations, and society more broadly to
invest in the sustainability of capture fisheries and
aquaculture.},
Doi = {10.1007/s13280-020-01451-4},
Key = {fds355500}
}
@article{fds350814,
Author = {Bronnmann, J and Smith, MD and Abbott, J and Hay, CJ and Næsje,
TF},
Title = {Integration of a local fish market in Namibia with the
global seafood trade: Implications for fish traders and
sustainability},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {135},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105048},
Abstract = {Within the last decades, globalization has changed the
international seafood trade, allowing low-income countries
to access markets in high-income countries and vice versa.
Nevertheless, the effects of globalization are controversial
and in particular the impacts on small-scale fishers and
local fish traders are unclear. This paper examines the
economic effects of globalization on a local fish market in
Katima Mulilo, Namibia along the Zambezi River and near the
border with Zambia. Using market data from January 2008 to
December 2016, we test two hypotheses. First, we test if the
local market is integrated with global markets. Second, we
test whether local prices are increasing and associated with
positive terms of trade. Using time series methods and
hedonic models, results show that the Katima market is
linked to the world market, and local fish traders receive
higher prices over time as predicted by an increasingly
globalized seafood trade.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105048},
Key = {fds350814}
}
@article{fds373424,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Cojocaru, AL and Asche, F and Guttormsen, AG and Smith, MD},
Title = {Seasonal Harvest Patterns in Multispecies
Fisheries},
Journal = {Environmental and Resource Economics},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {631-655},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-020-00402-7},
Abstract = {Fishers face multidimensional decisions: when to fish, what
species to target, and how much gear to deploy. Most
bioeconomic models assume single-species fisheries with
perfectly elastic demand and focus on inter-seasonal
dynamics. In real-world fisheries, vessels hold quotas for
multiple species with heterogeneous biological and/or market
conditions that vary intra-seasonally. We analyze
within-season behavior in multispecies fisheries with
individual fishing quotas, accounting for stock
aggregations, capacity constraints, and downward-sloping
demand. Numerical results demonstrate variation in harvest
patterns. We specifically find: (1) harvests for species
with downward-sloping demand tend to spread out; (2)
spreading harvest of a high-value species can cause
lower-value species to be harvested earlier in the season;
and (3) harvest can be unresponsive or even respond
negatively to biological aggregation when fishers balance
incentives in multispecies settings. We test these using
panel data from the Norwegian multispecies groundfish
fishery and find evidence for all three. We extend the
numerical model to account for transitions to management
with individual fishing quotas in multispecies fisheries. We
show that, under some circumstances, fishing seasons could
contract or spread out.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-020-00402-7},
Key = {fds373424}
}
@article{fds346897,
Author = {Garlock, T and Asche, F and Anderson, J and Bjørndal, T and Kumar, G and Lorenzen, K and Ropicki, A and Smith, MD and Tveterås,
R},
Title = {A Global Blue Revolution: Aquaculture Growth Across Regions,
Species, and Countries},
Journal = {Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-116},
Year = {2020},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2019.1678111},
Abstract = {Discussions about global aquaculture production and
prospects for future growth largely focus on Asia, where
most global production takes place. Countries in Asia
accounted for about 89% of global production in 2016.
Exclusive attention to Asian aquaculture, however, overlooks
the fact that “the blue revolution” is occurring in most
parts of the world. This paper examines patterns in the
development of aquaculture production by analyzing growth
rates across the globe at the regional, species and country
levels. The results show that production in some non-Asian
countries is growing more rapidly than the major Asian
producers. Moreover, most developed countries have played a
limited role in the blue revolution despite being leading
producers as late as the 1970s.},
Doi = {10.1080/23308249.2019.1678111},
Key = {fds346897}
}
@article{fds354345,
Author = {Banzhaf, HS and Liu, Y and Smith, MD and Asche, F},
Title = {Non-Parametric Tests of the Tragedy of the
Commons},
Year = {2019},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds354345}
}
@article{fds342425,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Subsidies, efficiency, and fairness in fisheries
policy.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {364},
Number = {6435},
Pages = {34-35},
Year = {2019},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4087},
Doi = {10.1126/science.aaw4087},
Key = {fds342425}
}
@article{fds339523,
Author = {Ferraro, PJ and Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD},
Title = {Causal inference in coupled human and natural
systems.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {116},
Number = {12},
Pages = {5311-5318},
Year = {2019},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805563115},
Abstract = {Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) are complex,
dynamic, interconnected systems with feedback across social
and environmental dimensions. This feedback leads to
formidable challenges for causal inference. Two significant
challenges involve assumptions about excludability and the
absence of interference. These two assumptions have been
largely unexplored in the CHANS literature, but when either
is violated, causal inferences from observable data are
difficult to interpret. To explore their plausibility,
structural knowledge of the system is requisite, as is an
explicit recognition that most causal variables in CHANS
affect a coupled pairing of environmental and human
elements. In a large CHANS literature that evaluates marine
protected areas, nearly 200 studies attempt to make causal
claims, but few address the excludability assumption. To
examine the relevance of interference in CHANS, we develop a
stylized simulation of a marine CHANS with shocks that can
represent policy interventions, ecological disturbances, and
technological disasters. Human and capital mobility in CHANS
is both a cause of interference, which biases inferences
about causal effects, and a moderator of the causal effects
themselves. No perfect solutions exist for satisfying
excludability and interference assumptions in CHANS. To
elucidate causal relationships in CHANS, multiple approaches
will be needed for a given causal question, with the aim of
identifying sources of bias in each approach and then
triangulating on credible inferences. Within CHANS research,
and sustainability science more generally, the path to
accumulating an evidence base on causal relationships
requires skills and knowledge from many disciplines and
effective academic-practitioner collaborations.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1805563115},
Key = {fds339523}
}
@article{fds341926,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Smith, MD and Stefanski, S},
Title = {Feature-Taking Stock of Catch Shares: Lessons from the Past
and Directions for the Future},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-139},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rey016},
Abstract = {With the widespread implementation of catch shares (i.e.,
rights-based fisheries management) at the end of the
twentieth century, economists have begun to examine
empirical evidence about their performance. Yet despite
documented positive outcomes and predicted gains from wider
adoption of this approach, catch shares face persistent
political opposition and criticism in the noneconomics
literature. The debate surrounding catch shares focuses on
equity, industry consolidation, nonlocal ownership of
quotas, employment, and other impacts on fishing
communities, but the evidence on both sides has been largely
anecdotal. To inform this debate, it is important for
economists and other researchers to produce rigorous
analyses that quantify the effects of catch shares on
employment, the distribution of economic value in the
harvest and processing sectors, and other indicators of
community well-being. We assess catch shares to identify
research needs and guide policymakers. Using examples from
the experiences of the United States and Argentina with
rights-based fisheries, we demonstrate that a key challenge
for researchers and policymakers is accounting for multiple
species, globalization of seafood markets, and climate
change. We urge policymakers to consider these forces and
their impacts, along with available empirical evidence, when
evaluating fisheries management options that balance
efficiency and equity goals.},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rey016},
Key = {fds341926}
}
@article{fds340960,
Author = {Mullin, M and Smith, MD and McNamara, DE},
Title = {Paying to save the beach: effects of local finance decisions
on coastal management},
Journal = {Climatic Change},
Volume = {152},
Number = {2},
Pages = {275-289},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2191-5},
Abstract = {As sea level rises and storm frequency and severity
increase, communities worldwide are investing in coastline
management projects to maintain beach widths and dunes that
support recreational amenities and mitigate storm risks.
These projects are costly, and differences in property
owners’ returns from maintaining wide beaches will
influence community-level support for investment in
shoreline defense. One way to account for these differences
is by funding the project through a tax instrument that
imposes the heaviest cost on residents who benefit most from
beach nourishment. Some communities along the US east coast
have adopted this approach. We use an agent-based model to
evaluate how the imposition of project costs affects
coastline management over the long-term. Charging higher tax
rates on oceanfront properties reduces desired beach width
among those owners but increases desired width for owners of
inland properties. The aggregate impact on beach width
depends on coastline shape and development patterns that
determine the balance between these two groups,
heterogeneity of beach width preferences and climate change
beliefs, and levels of participation in local politics.
Overall, requiring property owners who benefit most from
beach nourishment to bear the highest cost results in wider
beaches. The result suggests that delineating tax rates to
account for unequal benefits of local public goods across
taxpayers could facilitate local investment in climate
change adaptation.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10584-018-2191-5},
Key = {fds340960}
}
@article{fds339522,
Author = {Asche, F and Garlock, TM and Anderson, JL and Bush, SR and Smith, MD and Anderson, CM and Chu, J and Garrett, KA and Lem, A and Lorenzen, K and Oglend, A and Tveteras, S and Vannuccini, S},
Title = {Three pillars of sustainability in fisheries.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {115},
Number = {44},
Pages = {11221-11225},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807677115},
Abstract = {Sustainability of global fisheries is a growing concern. The
United Nations has identified three pillars of
sustainability: economic development, social development,
and environmental protection. The fisheries literature
suggests that there are two key trade-offs among these
pillars of sustainability. First, poor ecological health of
a fishery reduces economic profits for fishers, and second,
economic profitability of individual fishers undermines the
social objectives of fishing communities. Although recent
research has shown that management can reconcile ecological
and economic objectives, there are lingering concerns about
achieving positive social outcomes. We examined trade-offs
among the three pillars of sustainability by analyzing the
Fishery Performance Indicators, a unique dataset that scores
121 distinct fishery systems worldwide on 68 metrics
categorized by social, economic, or ecological outcomes. For
each of the 121 fishery systems, we averaged the outcome
measures to create overall scores for economic, ecological,
and social performance. We analyzed the scores and found
that they were positively associated in the full sample. We
divided the data into subsamples that correspond to
fisheries management systems with three categories of
access-open access, access rights, and harvest rights-and
performed a similar analysis. Our results show that
economic, social, and ecological objectives are at worst
independent and are mutually reinforcing in both types of
managed fisheries. The implication is that rights-based
management systems should not be rejected on the basis of
potentially negative social outcomes; instead, social
considerations should be addressed in the design of these
systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1807677115},
Key = {fds339522}
}
@article{fds335997,
Author = {Abbott, JK and Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD},
Title = {Common property resources and the dynamics of
overexploitation: The case of the north pacific fur seal—a
42-year legacy},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {3},
Pages = {209-212},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2018},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/698020},
Doi = {10.1086/698020},
Key = {fds335997}
}
@article{fds335998,
Author = {Asche, F and Smith, MD},
Title = {Viewpoint: Induced Innovation in Fisheries and
Aquaculture},
Journal = {Food Policy},
Volume = {76},
Pages = {1-7},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.02.002},
Abstract = {Some classical economists, most notably Malthus, predicted
that scarcity would undermine long-term human well-being.
John Stuart Mill, in contrast, predicted that the threat of
scarcity creates incentives for innovation that help to
avoid some of the worst outcomes. Popular claims of marine
ecologists often apply the Malthusian narrative to supplies
of seafood, yet global supplies have continued to grow. We
examine the modern seafood industry and evaluate Mill's
claims about innovation. We argue that the mechanisms that
Mill discusses–innovation in response to and in
anticipation of scarcity–account for much of what we see.
Scarcities induce technological, policy, and market
innovations that enable seafood supplies to grow, and these
innovations can build on each other. The challenge for
policy makers is to avoid knee-jerk responses to Malthusian
narratives and craft policy responses that encourage
innovation while recognizing physical limits of ocean
resources.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.02.002},
Key = {fds335998}
}
@article{fds333239,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE and Smith, MD},
Title = {Climate change adaptation in coastal environments: Modeling
challenges for resource and environmental
economists},
Journal = {Review of Environmental Economics and Policy},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-68},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rex020},
Doi = {10.1093/reep/rex020},
Key = {fds333239}
}
@article{fds329745,
Author = {Miteva, DA and Kramer, RA and Brown, ZS and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Spatial patterns of market participation and resource
extraction: Fuelwood collection in Northern
Uganda},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {99},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1008-1026},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Abstract = {While distance to markets is a key determinant of market
participation for households that are dependent on natural
resources, the distance to the resource stock is also
essential. Thus, a household's location with respect to
markets and the resource stock determines household market
participation and associated resource degradation. Applying
a discrete-choice framework for fuelwood collection in a
developing country, we characterize the spatial pattern of
market participation regimes and forest use. All else being
equal, autarkic households are closest to the forest and
furthest from the market, buyer households are closest to
the market and furthest from the forest, and seller
households are at intermediate distances. Empirical tests
based on survey data from northern Uganda support the
predictions from our theoretical model. Our findings have
important implications for understanding the spatial
patterns of forest degradation and determining the control
group when designing impact evaluations of the effectiveness
of development and conservation interventions.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajae/aax027},
Key = {fds329745}
}
@article{fds323783,
Author = {Fischer, C and Guttormsen, AG and Smith, MD},
Title = {Disease Risk and Market Structure in Salmon
Aquaculture},
Journal = {Water Economics and Policy},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {1-29},
Publisher = {World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S2382624X16500156},
Abstract = {We develop a model of a multi-national firm producing
commodities for a global market in multiple locations with
location-specific risks and different regulatory standards.
Salmon aquaculture and disease outbreaks provide an
empirically relevant example. We specifically examine
details of the infectious salmon anemia outbreak in Chile in
the late 2000s, the multi-national nature of some firms
operating in Chile, and the overall market structure of the
salmon farming industry as motivation for our theoretical
model. In the model, market structure and the regulatory
environments in multiple countries interact to influence how
intensively firms use aquatic ecosystems. Downward-sloping
market demand can lead to a perverse outcome in which high
environmental standards in one country both lower the
provision of disease management in the other country and
reduce industry-wide output. We extend this model to
consider additional locations, types of firms, and
within-location risk spillovers. We find that the risk of
outbreak in a given location is decreasing with greater firm
concentration within the location, increasing with the
outside production of operators within the location, and
increasing with lower risk (or more regulation) in other
locations where the operators produce. We suggest other
applications of multi-national risk management.},
Doi = {10.1142/S2382624X16500156},
Key = {fds323783}
}
@article{fds325886,
Author = {Birkenbach, AM and Kaczan, DJ and Smith, MD},
Title = {Catch shares slow the race to fish.},
Journal = {Nature},
Volume = {544},
Number = {7649},
Pages = {223-226},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature21728},
Abstract = {In fisheries, the tragedy of the commons manifests as a
competitive race to fish that compresses fishing seasons,
resulting in ecological damage, economic waste, and
occupational hazards. Catch shares are hypothesized to halt
the race by securing each individual's right to a portion of
the total catch, but there is evidence for this from
selected examples only. Here we systematically analyse
natural experiments to test whether catch shares reduce
racing in 39 US fisheries. We compare each fishery treated
with catch shares to an individually matched control before
and after the policy change. We estimate an average policy
treatment effect in a pooled model and in a meta-analysis
that combines separate estimates for each treatment-control
pair. Consistent with the theory that market-based
management ends the race to fish, we find strong evidence
that catch shares extend fishing seasons. This evidence
informs the current debate over expanding the use of
market-based regulation to other fisheries.},
Doi = {10.1038/nature21728},
Key = {fds325886}
}
@article{fds326063,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Editorial: The Breadth of Ocean and Coastal
Economics},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {32},
Number = {2},
Pages = {119-121},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2017},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/691607},
Doi = {10.1086/691607},
Key = {fds326063}
}
@article{fds323782,
Author = {Smith, MD and Oglend, A and Kirkpatrick, AJ and Asche, F and Bennear,
LS and Craig, JK and Nance, JM},
Title = {Seafood prices reveal impacts of a major ecological
disturbance.},
Journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America},
Volume = {114},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1512-1517},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Abstract = {Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing
problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services,
but little is known about economic effects on fisheries.
Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic
impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia
and marine fauna suggest multiple mechanisms through which
hypoxia can skew a population's size distribution toward
smaller individuals. These mechanisms produce sharp
predictions about changes in seafood markets. Hypoxia is
hypothesized to decrease the quantity of large shrimp
relative to small shrimp and increase the price of large
shrimp relative to small shrimp. We test these hypotheses
using time series of size-based prices. Naive quantity-based
models using treatment/control comparisons in hypoxic and
nonhypoxic areas produce null results, but we find strong
evidence of the hypothesized effects in the relative prices:
Hypoxia increases the relative price of large shrimp
compared with small shrimp. The effects of fuel prices
provide supporting evidence. Empirical models of fishing
effort and bioeconomic simulations explain why quantifying
effects of hypoxia on fisheries using quantity data has been
inconclusive. Specifically, spatial-dynamic feedbacks across
the natural system (the fish stock) and human system (the
mobile fishing fleet) confound "treated" and "control"
areas. Consequently, analyses of price data, which rely on a
market counterfactual, are able to reveal effects of the
ecological disturbance that are obscured in quantity data.
Our results are an important step toward quantifying the
economic value of reduced upstream nutrient loading in the
Mississippi Basin and are broadly applicable to other
coupled human-natural systems.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.1617948114},
Key = {fds323782}
}
@article{fds328719,
Author = {Purcell, KM and Craig, JK and Nance, JM and Smith, MD and Bennear,
LS},
Title = {Fleet behavior is responsive to a large-scale environmental
disturbance: Hypoxia effects on the spatial dynamics of the
northern Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {12},
Number = {8},
Pages = {e0183032},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Abstract = {The northwestern Gulf of Mexico shelf experiences one of the
largest seasonal hypoxic zones in the western hemisphere.
Hypoxia (dissolved oxygen, DO ≤ 2.0 mg·L-1) is most
severe from May to August during the height of the Gulf
shrimp fishery, but its effects on the fishery are not well
known. Prior studies indicate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of shrimp and other species through habitat
loss and aggregation in nearby oxygenated refuge habitats.
We hypothesized that hypoxia-induced changes in the
distribution of shrimp also alter the spatial dynamics of
the Gulf shrimp fleet. We integrated data on the geographic
distribution of shrimp tows and bottom DO to evaluate the
effects of hypoxia on spatial patterns in shrimping effort.
Our analyses indicate that shrimping effort declines in low
DO waters on both the Texas and Louisiana shelf, but that
considerable effort still occurs in low DO waters off
Louisiana, likely because riverine nutrients fuel both
benthic production and low bottom DO in the same general
regions. The response of the shrimp fleet to hypoxia on the
Louisiana shelf was complex with shifts in effort inshore,
offshore, westward, and eastward of the hypoxic zone, as
well as to an oxygenated area between two hypoxia regimes
associated with the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya River
outflows. In contrast, effort on the Texas shelf mostly
shifted offshore in response to low DO but also shifted
inshore in some years. Spatial patterns in total shrimping
effort were driven primarily by the number of shrimp tows,
consistent with aggregation of the fleet outside of hypoxic
waters, though tow duration also declined in low DO waters.
Overall, our results demonstrate that hypoxia alters the
spatial dynamics of the Gulf shrimp fishery with potential
consequences for harvest interactions and the economic
condition of the fishery.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0183032},
Key = {fds328719}
}
@article{fds322708,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Landry, CE and Smith, MD and Whitehead,
JC},
Title = {Economics of coastal erosion and adaptation to sea level
rise},
Journal = {Annual Review of Resource Economics},
Volume = {8},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-139},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095416},
Abstract = {This article provides a review and synthesis of geoeconomic
models that are used to analyze coastal erosion management
and shoreline change. We outline a generic framework for
analyzing risk-mitigating and/or recreation-enhancing policy
interventions within a dynamic framework, and we review
literature that informs the nature and extent of net benefit
flows associated with coastal management. Using stated
preference analysis, we present new estimates on household
preferences for shoreline erosion management, including
costs associated with ecological impacts of management.
Lastly, we offer some guidance on directions for future
research.},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095416},
Key = {fds322708}
}
@article{fds267446,
Author = {Asche, F and Roheim, CA and Smith, MD},
Title = {Trade intervention: Not a silver bullet to address
environmental externalities in global aquaculture},
Journal = {Marine Policy},
Volume = {69},
Pages = {194-201},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2016},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0308-597X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.06.021},
Abstract = {Aquaculture has been the world's fastest growing food
production technology in recent decades, and continued
growth in aquaculture production is predicted. While
creating economic opportunity, aquaculture is also a new way
of using eco-systems, and there is substantial evidence that
aquaculture creates negative environmental externalities.
Although the most effective way to address these
externalities may be improved governance, this approach is
often difficult because most aquaculture production takes
place in developing countries with limited management
capacity. The fact that a large part of aquaculture
production is traded motivates substantial interest in the
use of trade measures to reduce environmental impacts.
However, the wide variety of species, production practices,
and governance systems present in aquaculture makes it
unlikely that general trade measures will achieve
environmental objectives. Rather, there is a real risk that
trade measures will reduce economic opportunity, raise new
equity concerns, and impinge on public health with little or
no environmental impact.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2015.06.021},
Key = {fds267446}
}
@article{fds314227,
Author = {Cunningham, S and Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Spillovers in regional fisheries management: Do catch shares
cause leakage?},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {344-362},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Abstract = {Regional councils manage U.S. fisheries. Fishermen can
participate in fisheries managed by multiple councils, and
effort controls in one region could lead to effort leakage
into another. Theoretical modeling demonstrates that
positive, negative, and no leakage are possible. Using
difference-in-differences, we test for leakage across
regional boundaries for a catch share program in New England
and find evidence that the New England groundfish sector
program caused spillover into adjacent Mid-Atlantic
fisheries. Aggregate Mid-Atlantic harvest volume increased
among sector members after the policy change. We find
leakage in individual fisheries with similar gear and high
market substitutability with sector species.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.92.2.344},
Key = {fds314227}
}
@article{fds314221,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {American Catch: The Fight for Our Local Seafood. By Paul
Greenberg},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-119},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000366629500007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1086/684368},
Key = {fds314221}
}
@article{fds267448,
Author = {Asche, F and Chen, Y and Smith, MD},
Title = {Economic incentives to target species and fish size: Prices
and fine-scale product attributes in Norwegian
fisheries},
Journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {733-740},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1054-3139},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu208},
Abstract = {Improved fisheries management provides fishers with more
opportunities to maximize harvest value by accounting for
valuable attributes of the harvest such as species, harvest
timing, fish size, product form, and landing location.
Harvest values can also vary by vessel and gear type.
Moreover, the extent of targeting can influence the
ecosystem in which the fishers operate and provide important
management challenges.Weutilize a unique dataset containing
daily vessel-level fish landings in one region of Norway in
2010 to investigate the value of an array of attributes,
including species, product form, product condition, timing,
fish size, vessel type, gear type, and landing location for
cod and other whitefish species, aswell as king crab. Wealso
investigate to what extent landed value differs across
different communities, firms, and plants. The results
indicate substantial variation for all attributes,
highlighting opportunities for fishers aswell as potential
management challenges. For whitefish, the species landed
accounts for threequarters of the variation in prices. For
cod in particular, the fish size accounts for nearly all
variation in prices. In these fisheries, market conditions
justify management focus on the biological composition of
the catch.},
Doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsu208},
Key = {fds267448}
}
@article{fds267450,
Author = {Asche, F and Bellemare, MF and Roheim, C and Smith, MD and Tveteras,
S},
Title = {Fair Enough? Food Security and the International Trade of
Seafood},
Journal = {World Development},
Volume = {67},
Pages = {151-160},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0305-750X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.10.013},
Abstract = {Does international trade make all parties better off? We
study the relationship between food security and the
international trade of fish and seafood between developing
and developed countries. Specifically, we look at and
discuss the evolution of trade flows - values, quantities,
and prices - between developing and developed countries. The
picture that emerges suggests that the quantity of seafood
exported from developing countries to developed countries is
close to the quantity of seafood imported by developing
countries from developed countries. What takes place is a
quality exchange: developing countries export high-quality
seafood in exchange for lower quality seafood.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.10.013},
Key = {fds267450}
}
@article{fds267447,
Author = {Anderson, JL and Anderson, CM and Chu, J and Meredith, J and Asche, F and Sylvia, G and Smith, MD and Anggraeni, D and Arthur, R and Guttormsen,
A and McCluney, JK and Ward, T and Akpalu, W and Eggert, H and Flores, J and Freeman, MA and Holland, DS and Knapp, G and Kobayashi, M and Larkin, S and MacLauchlin, K and Schnier, K and Soboil, M and Tveteras, S and Uchida,
H and Valderrama, D},
Title = {The fishery performance indicators: a management tool for
triple bottom line outcomes.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e0122809},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122809},
Abstract = {Pursuit of the triple bottom line of economic, community and
ecological sustainability has increased the complexity of
fishery management; fisheries assessments require new types
of data and analysis to guide science-based policy in
addition to traditional biological information and modeling.
We introduce the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), a
broadly applicable and flexible tool for assessing
performance in individual fisheries, and for establishing
cross-sectional links between enabling conditions,
management strategies and triple bottom line outcomes.
Conceptually separating measures of performance, the FPIs
use 68 individual outcome metrics--coded on a 1 to 5 scale
based on expert assessment to facilitate application to data
poor fisheries and sectors--that can be partitioned into
sector-based or triple-bottom-line sustainability-based
interpretative indicators. Variation among outcomes is
explained with 54 similarly structured metrics of inputs,
management approaches and enabling conditions. Using 61
initial fishery case studies drawn from industrial and
developing countries around the world, we demonstrate the
inferential importance of tracking economic and community
outcomes, in addition to resource status.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0122809},
Key = {fds267447}
}
@article{fds267449,
Author = {McNamara, DE and Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, MD and Murray,
AB},
Title = {Climate adaptation and policy-induced inflation of coastal
property value.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e0121278},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121278},
Abstract = {Human population density in the coastal zone and potential
impacts of climate change underscore a growing conflict
between coastal development and an encroaching shoreline.
Rising sea-levels and increased storminess threaten to
accelerate coastal erosion, while growing demand for coastal
real estate encourages more spending to hold back the sea in
spite of the shrinking federal budget for beach nourishment.
As climatic drivers and federal policies for beach
nourishment change, the evolution of coastline mitigation
and property values is uncertain. We develop an empirically
grounded, stochastic dynamic model coupling coastal property
markets and shoreline evolution, including beach
nourishment, and show that a large share of coastal property
value reflects capitalized erosion control. The model is
parameterized for coastal properties and physical forcing in
North Carolina, U.S.A. and we conduct sensitivity analyses
using property values spanning a wide range of sandy
coastlines along the U.S. East Coast. The model shows that a
sudden removal of federal nourishment subsidies, as has been
proposed, could trigger a dramatic downward adjustment in
coastal real estate, analogous to the bursting of a bubble.
We find that the policy-induced inflation of property value
grows with increased erosion from sea level rise or
increased storminess, but the effect of background erosion
is larger due to human behavioral feedbacks. Our results
suggest that if nourishment is not a long-run strategy to
manage eroding coastlines, a gradual removal is more likely
to smooth the transition to more climate-resilient coastal
communities.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121278},
Key = {fds267449}
}
@article{fds314230,
Author = {Asche, F and Larsen, TA and Smith, MD and Sogn-Grundvåg, G and Young,
JA},
Title = {Pricing of eco-labels with retailer heterogeneity},
Journal = {Food Policy},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {82-93},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0306-9192},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.04.004},
Abstract = {Eco-labels are important features of many natural resource
and food markets. They certify that a product has some
desirable unobserved quality, typically related to a public
good such as being sustainably produced. Two issues that
have received limited attention are whether pricing varies
across different eco-labels that may compete with each other
and to what extent different retailers charge different
prices. Using a unique data set of salmon prices in eight
different United Kingdom retail chains, we investigate these
issues by estimating a price-attribute model that includes
two eco-labels and one country-of-origin label. Results show
substantial variation in the prices of the different
eco-labels and that eco-label premiums vary across retail
chains. Specifically, salmon certified with the Marine
Stewardship Council (MSC) label has a high premium in
low-end retail chains but no statistically significant
premium in the high-end chains. These findings question the
ability of the MSC label to transmit consumer
willingness-to-pay for public goods through the supply chain
to incentivize sustainable management. In contrast, premiums
for organic certification are similar in magnitude across
retailer types. In general, failure to account for retailer
heterogeneity will over- or under-estimate a label's
premium.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.04.004},
Key = {fds314230}
}
@article{fds267452,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fauna in decline: management risks.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {346},
Number = {6211},
Pages = {819},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.346.6211.819-b},
Doi = {10.1126/science.346.6211.819-b},
Key = {fds267452}
}
@article{fds267454,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend,
A},
Title = {Spatial-dynamics of hypoxia and fisheries: The case of Gulf
of Mexico brown shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-131},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676826},
Abstract = {We analyze the Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp fishery and the
potential impacts of a large seasonal area of hypoxia (low
dissolved oxygen) that coincides with the peak shrimp
season. A spatial-dynamic bioeconomic simulation embeds
three biological impacts on shrimp: mortality, growth, and
aggregation on hypoxic edges. Hypoxia creates feedbacks in
the bioeconomic system, altering catch and effort patterns.
System changes propagate over space to affect areas that do
not experience hypoxia. Areas that might otherwise be
considered controls in a natural experiments framework are
contaminated by the ecological disturbance through spatial
sorting. Aggregate predictions from simulations are similar
to empirical fishery data. Average shrimp size and total
landings are negatively correlated, as are hypoxic severity
and landings. Shrimp size and hypoxic severity are only
weakly negatively correlated. Growth overfishing, which
varies with recruitment success and ecological disturbances,
is a key mediating effect.},
Doi = {10.1086/676826},
Key = {fds267454}
}
@article{fds267455,
Author = {Abbott, J and Anderson, JL and Campling, L and Hannesson, R and Havice,
E and Lozier, MS and Smith, MD and Wilberg, MJ},
Title = {Steering the global partnership for oceans},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {29},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676290},
Abstract = {The Global Partnership for Oceans (GPO) is an alliance of
governments, private firms, international organizations, and
civil society groups that aims to promote ocean health while
contributing to human wellbeing. A Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP)
was commissioned to develop guiding principles for GPO
investments. Here we offer commentary on the BRP report from
scholars in multiple disciplines that study the oceans:
environmental economics, environmental politics, fisheries
science, physical oceanography, and political economy. The
BRP is a prominent, unique group of individuals representing
diverse interests of GPO partners. We applaud the call for
knowledge creation, but identify diverse issues that the BRP
omitted: the need for effective governance to address
data-poor stocks so that gaps do not dictate solutions; the
deployment of projects that facilitate learning about
governance effectiveness through program evaluation; and the
importance of large-scale coordination of data collection in
furthering the BRP's call for capacity building. Commenters'
opinions are mixed on the likely impact of the report's
recommendations on ocean health, governance, and economic
development, but they highlight several key features of the
report. A centerpiece of the report that distinguishes it
from most previous high-level reports on the oceans is the
prominence given to human well-being. The report emphasizes
the commons problem as a critical institutional failure that
must be addressed and focuses heavily on market-based
mechanisms to improve governance. The report successfully
acknowledges tradeoffs-across different stakeholders as well
as across human well-being and ocean health-but there is
little specific guidance on how to make these tradeoffs.
Historical tensions among GPO partners run deep, and
resolving them will require more than high-level principles.
For instance, it is unclear how to resolve the potential
conflict between proprietary data and the report's stated
desire for transparency and open access to information. Some
differences may ultimately be irreconcilable. The report
appropriately advocates flexibility for the GPO to adapt
solutions to particulars of a problem, avoiding the trap of
one size fits all. However, flexibility is also a weakness
because the BRP does not provide guidance on how best to
approach problems that span multiple scales. Some scales may
be beyond the scope of the GPO; for example, the GPO cannot
meaningfully contribute to global climate change mitigation.
Nevertheless, the GPO could play an important role in
climate adaptation by facilitating the development of
governance regimes that are resilient to climate-induced
species migrations.},
Doi = {10.1086/676290},
Key = {fds267455}
}
@article{fds267456,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Havice, E and Read, AJ and Squires, D},
Title = {Will a catch share for whales improve social
welfare?},
Journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological
Society of America},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {15-23},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1051-0761},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0085.1},
Abstract = {We critique a proposal to use catch shares to manage
transboundary wildlife resources with potentially high
non-extractive values, and we focus on the case of whales.
Because whales are impure public goods, a policy that fails
to capture all nonmarket benefits (due to free riding) could
lead to a suboptimal outcome. Even if free riding were
overcome, whale shares would face four implementation
challenges. First, a whale share could legitimize the
international trade in whale meat and expand the whale meat
market. Second, a legal whale trade creates monitoring and
enforcement challenges similar to those of organizations
that manage highly migratory species such as tuna. Third, a
whale share could create a new political economy of
management that changes incentives and increases costs for
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to achieve the current
level of conservation. Fourth, a whale share program creates
new logistical challenges for quota definition and
allocation regardless of whether the market for whale
products expands or contracts. Each of these issues, if left
unaddressed, could result in lower overall welfare for
society than under the status quo.},
Doi = {10.1890/13-0085.1},
Key = {fds267456}
}
@article{fds267451,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD},
Title = {The Dynamic Efficiency Costs of Common-Pool Resource
Exploitation},
Journal = {American Economic Review},
Volume = {104},
Number = {12},
Pages = {4071-4103},
Publisher = {American Economic Association},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0002-8282},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9293 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {We conduct the first empirical investigation of common-pool
resource users' dynamic and strategic behavior at the micro
level using real-world data. Fishermen's strategies in a
fully dynamic game account for latent resource dynamics and
other players' actions, revealing the profit structure of
the fishery. We compare the fishermen's actual and socially
optimal exploitation paths under a time-specific vessel
allocation policy and find a sizable dynamic externality.
Individual fishermen respond to other users by exerting
effort above the optimal level early in the season.
Congestion is costly instantaneously but is beneficial in
the long run because it partially offsets dynamic
inefficiencies.},
Doi = {10.1257/aer.104.12.4071},
Key = {fds267451}
}
@article{fds267457,
Author = {Campbell, LM and Boucquey, N and Stoll, J and Coppola, H and Smith,
MD},
Title = {From Vegetable Box to Seafood Cooler: Applying the
Community-Supported Agriculture Model to
Fisheries},
Journal = {Society and Natural Resources},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {0894-1920},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2013.842276},
Abstract = {Community-supported fisheries (CSF) projects show signs of
rapid growth. Modeled on community-supported agriculture
(CSA) projects, CSFs share objectives of reducing social and
physical distance between consumers and producers and
re-embedding food systems in social and environmental
contexts. This article offers a comparison of CSF and CSA,
situated in the differences between seafood and agricultural
products, and fishing and farming. We draw on economic and
resource theory, past research on CSA, and a member survey
from a case study CSF. Survey results show CSF members are
interested in accessing high-quality, fresh, local seafood,
and in supporting fishing communities, and they believe that
participating in a CSF achieves both. They are less certain
that a CSF can address environmental concerns, and few
identify environmental motives as their primary reason for
participating. The latter contrasts with CSA research
results, and we contextualize these findings in our broader
comparison. © 2014 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group,
LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/08941920.2013.842276},
Key = {fds267457}
}
@article{fds267461,
Author = {Williams, ZC and McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Murray, AB and Gopalakrishnan, S},
Title = {Coupled economic-coastline modeling with suckers and free
riders},
Journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface},
Volume = {118},
Number = {2},
Pages = {887-899},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {2169-9011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20066},
Abstract = {Shoreline erosion is a natural trend along most sandy
coastlines. Humans often respond to shoreline erosion with
beach nourishment to maintain coastal property values.
Locally extending the shoreline through nourishment alters
alongshore sediment transport and changes shoreline dynamics
in adjacent coastal regions. If left unmanaged, sandy
coastlines can have spatially complex or simple patterns of
erosion due to the relationship of large-scale morphology
and the local wave climate. Using a numerical model that
simulates spatially decentralized and locally optimal
nourishment decisions characteristic of much of U.S. East
Coast beach management, we find that human erosion
intervention does not simply reflect the alongshore erosion
pattern. Spatial interactions generate feedbacks in economic
and physical variables that lead to widespread emergence of
"free riders" and "suckers" with subsequent inequality in
the alongshore distribution of property value. Along cuspate
coastlines, such as those found along the U.S. Southeast
Coast, these long-term property value differences span an
order of magnitude. Results imply that spatially
decentralized management of nourishment can lead to property
values that are divorced from spatial erosion signals; this
management approach is unlikely to be optimal. Key Points
Spatial interactions drive feedbacks between economic and
physical variables Property value differences span an order
of magnitude along cuspate coastlines Spatially myopic
nourishment disconnects property value from physical forcing
©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights
Reserved.},
Doi = {10.1002/jgrf.20066},
Key = {fds267461}
}
@article{fds222694,
Author = {Williams, Z.C. and D. McNamara and S. Gopalakrishnan and M.D. Smith and A.B. Murray},
Title = {A Coupled Economic-Coastline Model Modeling with Free Riders
and Suckers},
Journal = {J Geophys Res},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222694}
}
@article{fds267459,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Reflections on Marine Resource Economics: Editor’s
Introduction},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {197-201},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309334000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.3.197},
Key = {fds267459}
}
@article{fds267469,
Author = {Tveterås, S and Asche, F and Bellemare, MF and Smith, MD and Guttormsen, AG and Lem, A and Lien, K and Vannuccini,
S},
Title = {Fish is food--the FAO's fish price index.},
Journal = {PloS one},
Volume = {7},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e36731},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590598},
Abstract = {World food prices hit an all-time high in February 2011 and
are still almost two and a half times those of 2000.
Although three billion people worldwide use seafood as a key
source of animal protein, the Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) of the United Nations-which compiles
prices for other major food categories-has not tracked
seafood prices. We fill this gap by developing an index of
global seafood prices that can help to understand food
crises and may assist in averting them. The fish price index
(FPI) relies on trade statistics because seafood is heavily
traded internationally, exposing non-traded seafood to price
competition from imports and exports. Easily updated trade
data can thus proxy for domestic seafood prices that are
difficult to observe in many regions and costly to update
with global coverage. Calculations of the extent of price
competition in different countries support the plausibility
of reliance on trade data. Overall, the FPI shows less
volatility and fewer price spikes than other food price
indices including oils, cereals, and dairy. The FPI
generally reflects seafood scarcity, but it can also be
separated into indices by production technology, fish
species, or region. Splitting FPI into capture fisheries and
aquaculture suggests increased scarcity of capture fishery
resources in recent years, but also growth in aquaculture
that is keeping pace with demand. Regionally, seafood price
volatility varies, and some prices are negatively
correlated. These patterns hint that regional supply shocks
are consequential for seafood prices in spite of the high
degree of seafood tradability.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0036731},
Key = {fds267469}
}
@article{fds215333,
Author = {Tveterås, S. and F. Asche and M.F. Bellemare and M.D. Smith and A.G.
Guttormsen, A. Lem and K. Lien and S. Vannuccini},
Title = {Fish Is Food - The FAO Fish Price Index},
Journal = {PLoS ONE},
Volume = {7(5): e36731},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036731},
Key = {fds215333}
}
@article{fds267463,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {The New Fisheries Economics: Incentives Across Many
Margins},
Journal = {ANNUAL REVIEW OF RESOURCE ECONOMICS, VOL
4},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {379-+},
Publisher = {ANNUAL REVIEWS},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {1941-1340},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000311896200018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114550},
Key = {fds267463}
}
@article{fds267470,
Author = {Asche, F and Bennear, LS and Oglend, A and Smith,
MD},
Title = {U.S. Shrimp Market Integration},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-192},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Abstract = {Recent supply shocks in the Gulf of Mexico-including
hurricanes, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the
seasonal appearance of a large dead zone of low oxygen water
(hypoxia)-have raised concerns about the economic viability
of the U.S. shrimp fishery. The ability of U.S. shrimpers to
mediate supply shocks through increased prices hinges on the
degree of market integration, both among shrimp of different
sizes classes and between U.S. wild caught shrimp and
imported farmed shrimp. We use detailed data on shrimp
prices by size class and import prices to conduct a
co-integration analysis of market integration in the shrimp
industry. We find significant evidence of market
integration, suggesting that the law of one price holds for
this industry. Hence, in the face of a supply shocks, prices
do not rise; instead, imports of foreign farmed fish
increase.},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.2.181},
Key = {fds267470}
}
@article{fds267472,
Author = {Huang, L and Nichols, LAB and Craig, JK and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Measuring Welfare Losses from Hypoxia: The Case of North
Carolina Brown Shrimp},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {3-23},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-27.1.3},
Abstract = {While environmental stressors such as hypoxia (low dissolved
oxygen) are perceived as a threat to the productivity of
coastal ecosystems, policy makers have little information
about the economic consequences for fisheries. Recent work
on hypoxia develops a bioeconomic model to harness microdata
and quantify the effects of hypoxia on North Carolina's
brown shrimp fishery. This work finds that hypoxia is
responsible for a 12.9% decrease in NC brown shrimp catches
from 1999-2005 in the Neuse River Estuary and Pamlico Sound,
assuming that vessels do not react to changes in abundance.
The current article extends this work to explore the full
economic consequences of hypoxia on the supply and demand
for brown shrimp. Demand analysis reveals that the NC shrimp
industry is too small to influence prices, which are driven
entirely by imports and other domestic U.S. harvest. Thus,
demand is flat and there are no measurable benefits to
shrimp consumers from reduced hypoxia. On the supply side,
we find that the shrimp fleet responds to variation in
price, abundance, and weather. Hence, the supply curve has
some elasticity. Producer benefits of reduced hypoxia are
less than a quarter of the computed gains from assuming no
behavioral adjustment. Copyright © 2012 MRE Foundation,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.5950/0738-1360-27.1.3},
Key = {fds267472}
}
@article{fds267471,
Author = {Lazarus, ED and McNamara, DE and Smith, MD and Gopalakrishnan, S and Murray, AB},
Title = {Emergent behavior in a coupled economic and coastline model
for beach nourishment},
Journal = {Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics},
Volume = {18},
Number = {6},
Pages = {989-999},
Publisher = {Copernicus GmbH},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1023-5809},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000298367500018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Developed coastal areas often exhibit a strong systemic
coupling between shoreline dynamics and economic dynamics.
"Beach nourishment", a common erosion-control practice,
involves mechanically depositing sediment from outside the
local littoral system onto an actively eroding shoreline to
alter shoreline morphology. Natural sedimenttransport
processes quickly rework the newly engineered beach, causing
further changes to the shoreline that in turn affect
subsequent beach-nourishment decisions. To the limited
extent that this landscape/economic coupling has been
considered, evidence suggests that towns tend to employ
spatially myopic economic strategies under which individual
towns make isolated decisions that do not account for their
neighbors. What happens when an optimization strategy that
explicitly ignores spatial interactions is incorporated into
a physical model that is spatially dynamic? The longterm
attractor that develops for the coupled system (the state
and behavior to which the system evolves over time) is
unclear. We link an economic model, in which town-manager
agents choose economically optimal beach-nourishment
intervals according to past observations of their immediate
shoreline, to a simplified coastal-dynamics model that
includes alongshore sediment transport and background
erosion (e.g. from sea-level rise). Simulations suggest that
feedbacks between these human and natural coastal processes
can generate emergent behaviors. When alongshore sediment
transport and spatially myopic nourishment decisions are
coupled, increases in the rate of sea-level rise can
destabilize economically optimal nourishment practices into
a regime characterized by the emergence of chaotic shoreline
evolution. © Author(s) 2011.},
Doi = {10.5194/npg-18-989-2011},
Key = {fds267471}
}
@article{fds314222,
Author = {Smith, MD and Gopalakrishnan, S},
Title = {Prices and Quantities to Control Overfishing},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
Abstract = {Economists have long promoted fishery rationalization
programs, but ITQs may fail to address the ecological
consequences of fishing. Of particular concern is that
economic incentives to harvest larger fish (due to
size-dependent pricing or quota-induced discarding) can
destabilize fish populations or lead to evolutionary
changes. A substantial theoretical literature in economics
has explored incentive problems in ITQ fisheries but has
treated highgrading as part of the stock externality. We
provide an alternative viewpoint in that the stock
externality and the size-based incentives are two distinct
externalities and thus require two distinct policy
instruments. In this paper, we show that if managers know
the price-by-size distribution and the size distribution of
the population, total revenues and total catch (in weight)
by vessel are sufficient statistics to design a schedule of
revenue-neutral individualized landings taxes that eliminate
the incentive to highgrade in an ITQ fishery. Landings taxes
can be used to address the ecological consequences of
fishing while using ITQs to address the open access stock
externality.},
Key = {fds314222}
}
@article{fds201467,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S. and D. McNamara and A.B. Murray and J.M. Slott and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Shifting Shorelines: Adapting to the Future},
Journal = {Proceedings of the Coastal Society's 2010 International
Conference, Wilmington, NC},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds201467}
}
@article{fds267473,
Author = {Smith, MD and Crowder, LB},
Title = {Valuing Ecosystem Services with Fishery Rents: A
Lumped-Parameter Approach to Hypoxia in the Neuse River
Estuary},
Journal = {Sustainability},
Volume = {3},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2229-2267},
Publisher = {MDPI AG},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {2071-1050},
url = {http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/3/11/2229/pdf},
Abstract = {Valuing ecosystem services with microeconomic underpinnings
presents challenges because these services typically
constitute nonmarket values and contribute to human welfare
indirectly through a series of ecological pathways that are
dynamic, nonlinear, and difficult to quantify and link to
appropriate economic spatial and temporal scales. This paper
develops and demonstrates a method to value a portion of
ecosystem services when a commercial fishery is dependent on
the quality of estuarine habitat. Using a lumped-parameter,
dynamic open access bioeconomic model that is spatially
explicit and includes predator-prey interactions, this paper
quantifies part of the value of improved ecosystem function
in the Neuse River Estuary when nutrient pollution is
reduced. Specifically, it traces the effects of nitrogen
loading on the North Carolina commercial blue crab fishery
by modeling the response of primary production and the
subsequent impact on hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen).
Hypoxia, in turn, affects blue crabs and their preferred
prey. The discounted present value fishery rent increase
from a 30% reduction in nitrogen loadings in the Neuse is
$2.56 million, though this welfare estimate is fairly
sensitive to some parameter values. Surprisingly, this
number is not sensitive to initial conditions. © 2011 by
the authors.},
Doi = {10.3390/su3112229},
Key = {fds267473}
}
@article{fds267474,
Author = {Zhang, J and Smith, MD},
Title = {Estimation of a generalized fishery model: A two-stage
approach},
Journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
Volume = {93},
Number = {2},
Pages = {690-699},
Publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0034-6535},
url = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/REST_a_00075},
Abstract = {U.S. federal law calls for an end to overfishing, but
measuring overfishing requires knowledge of bioeconomic
parameters. Using microlevel economic data from the
commercial fishery, this paper proposes a two-stage approach
to estimate these parameters for a generalized fishery
model. In the first stage, a fishery production function is
consistently estimated by a within-period estimator treating
the latent stock as a fixed effect. The estimated stock is
then substituted into an equation of fish stock dynamics to
estimate all other biological parameters. The bootstrap
approach is used to correct the standard errors in the
two-stage model. This method is applied to the reef-fish
fishery in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. The traditional
method, which uses catch-per-unit-effort as a stock proxy,
significantly overstates the optimal harvest level. © 2011
by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.},
Doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00075},
Key = {fds267474}
}
@article{fds267475,
Author = {Conrad, JM and Smith, MD},
Title = {Non-spatial and spatial models in bioeconomics},
Journal = {Natural Resource Modeling},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-92},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0890-8575},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00102.x},
Abstract = {Beginning in the 1960s, ecologists, mathematicians, and
economists started developing a class of models, which today
are referred to as bioeconomic models. These early models
started with a difference or differential equation
describing the dynamics of a biological resource. To this
equation one might add a second difference or differential
equation describing the dynamics of "harvesting effort."
Alternatively, one could formulate a dynamic optimization
problem seeking to maximize discounted net benefit. These
models provided important insights into the tragedy of the
commons and policies that might promote optimal management.
By the 1970s, more complex models were developed
incorporating multispecies interactions, age-structured
populations, and models with stochastic growth. In the late
1990s, spatial bioeconomic models were developed in
recognition of the importance of location when managing
biological resources. The objectives of this survey are to:
(i) review some of the early models in bioeconomics, (ii)
present some of the key spatial models in bioeconomics that
have been used to assess the value of marine (no-take)
reserves, and (iii) speculate on the direction of future
research in spatial bioeconomics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00102.x},
Key = {fds267475}
}
@article{fds267476,
Author = {Zhang, J and Smith, MD},
Title = {Heterogeneous Response to Marine Reserve Formation: A
Sorting Model Approach},
Journal = {Environ & Resource Econ},
Volume = {49},
Number = {3},
Pages = {311-325},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0924-6460},
url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/eare/2011/00000049/00000003/00009434?crawler=true},
Abstract = {The bioeconomic impacts of spatial fisheries management
hinge on how fishing vessels reallocate their effort over
space. However, empirical studies face two challenges:
heterogeneous behavioral responses and unobservable resource
abundance. This paper addresses these two problems
simultaneously by using an unusual data set and an
estimation technique developed in the industrial
organization literature. We apply the methods to location
and species choices in the Gulf of Mexico reef-fish fishery.
The models are used to explore spatial effort substitution
in response to two marine reserves. Individual attributes
from a survey of vessel captains are linked to each
fisherman's observed daily trip information to control for
observable heterogeneity. Some unobservable abundance
information is captured by location- and species-specific
constants and estimated by contraction mapping. The
empirical results confirm that there is significant
heterogeneity in fishermen's response to the formation of
marine reserves. They also show that ignoring unobservable
abundance information will lead to significant bias in
predicting spatial fishing effort. © 2010 The
Author(s).},
Doi = {10.1007/s10640-010-9434-x},
Key = {fds267476}
}
@article{fds267477,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, MD and Slott, JM and Murray,
AB},
Title = {The Value of Disappearing Beaches: A Hedonic Model with
Endogenous Beach Width},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-310},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069610001221},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a policy used to rebuild eroding
beaches with sand dredged from other locations. Previous
studies indicate that beach width positively affects coastal
property values, but these studies ignore the dynamic
features of beaches and the feedback that nourishment has on
shoreline retreat. We correct for the resulting attenuation
and endogeneity bias in a hedonic property value model by
instrumenting for beach width using spatially varying
coastal geological features. We find that the beach width
coefficient is nearly five times larger than the OLS
estimate, suggesting that beach width is a much larger
portion of property value than previously thought. We use
the empirical results to parameterize a dynamic optimization
model of beach nourishment decisions and show that the
predicted interval between nourishment projects is closer to
what we observe in the data when we use the estimate from
the instrumental variables model rather than OLS. As coastal
communities adapt to climate change, we find that the
long-term net value of coastal residential property can fall
by as much as 52% when erosion rate triples and cost of
nourishment sand quadruples. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Key = {fds267477}
}
@article{fds267479,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD},
Title = {Management of an Annual Fishery in the Presence of
Ecological Stress: The Case of Shrimp and
Hypoxia},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {70},
Number = {4},
Pages = {688-697},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.11.003},
Abstract = {The emergence of ecosystem-based management suggests that
traditional fisheries management and protection of
environmental quality are increasingly interrelated. Fishery
managers, however, have limited control over most sources of
marine and estuarine pollution and at best can only adapt to
environmental conditions. We develop a bioeconomic model of
optimal harvest of an annual species that is subject to an
environmental disturbance. We parameterize the model to
analyze the effect of hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen) on the
optimal harvest path of brown shrimp, a commercially
important species that is fished in hypoxic waters in the
Gulf of Mexico and in estuaries in the southeastern United
States. We find that hypoxia alters the qualitative pattern
of optimal harvest and shifts the season opening earlier in
the year; more severe hypoxia leads to even earlier season
openings. Failure to adapt to hypoxia leads to greater
losses when the effects of hypoxia are more severe. However,
rent gains from adapting fishery management to hypoxia are
relatively small compared to rent losses from the hypoxia
effect itself. This suggests that it is critical for other
regulatory agencies to control estuarine pollution, and
fishery managers need to generate value from the fishery
resources through other means such as rationalization. ©
2010 Elsevier B.V.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.11.003},
Key = {fds267479}
}
@article{fds359357,
Author = {Murray, AB and Gopalakrishnan, S and McNamara, D and Smith,
MD},
Title = {Progress in Coupling Models of Human and Coastal Landscape
Change},
Journal = {Computers & Geosciences},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds359357}
}
@article{fds267480,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Guttormsen, AG and Wiener,
JB},
Title = {Genetically Modified Salmon and Full Impact
Assessment},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {330},
Number = {6007},
Pages = {1052-1053},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097923},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1197769},
Key = {fds267480}
}
@article{fds267482,
Author = {Smith, MD and Lynham, J and Sanchirico, JN and Wilson,
JA},
Title = {Political economy of marine reserves: understanding the role
of opportunity costs.},
Journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
Volume = {107},
Number = {43},
Pages = {18300-18305},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133732},
Abstract = {The creation of marine reserves is often controversial. For
decisionmakers, trying to find compromises, an understanding
of the timing, magnitude, and incidence of the costs of a
reserve is critical. Understanding the costs, in turn,
requires consideration of not just the direct financial
costs but also the opportunity costs associated with
reserves. We use a discrete choice model of commercial
fishermen's behavior to examine both the short-run and
long-run opportunity costs of marine reserves. Our results
can help policymakers recognize the factors influencing
commercial fishermen's responses to reserve proposals. More
generally, we highlight the potential drivers behind the
political economy of marine reserves.},
Doi = {10.1073/pnas.0907365107},
Key = {fds267482}
}
@article{fds267488,
Author = {Smith, MD and Roheim, CA and Crowder, LB and Halpern, BS and Turnipseed,
M and Anderson, JL and Asche, F and Bourillón, L and Guttormsen, AG and Khan, A and Liguori, LA and McNevin, A and O'Connor, MI and Squires, D and Tyedmers, P and Brownstein, C and Carden, K and Klinger, DH and Sagarin,
R and Selkoe, KA},
Title = {Economics. Sustainability and global seafood.},
Journal = {Science},
Volume = {327},
Number = {5967},
Pages = {784-786},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20150469},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1185345},
Key = {fds267488}
}
@article{fds184505,
Author = {L. Huang and L.A.B. Nichols and J.K. Craig and M.D.
Smith},
Title = {Economic Impacts of Hypoxia on North Carolina Brown
Shrimp},
Journal = {CD ROM Proceedings of the15th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184505}
}
@article{fds184506,
Author = {M.D. Smith and S. Gopalakrishnan},
Title = {Combining Property Rights and Landings Taxes to Mitigate the
Ecological Impacts of Fishing},
Journal = {CD ROM Proceedings of the15th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184506}
}
@article{fds267478,
Author = {McNamara, D and Murray, AB and Smith, MD},
Title = {Coastal sustainability depends on how economic and coastline
responses to climate change affect each other},
Journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
Volume = {38},
Number = {7},
Pages = {n/a-n/a},
Publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU)},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0094-8276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047207},
Abstract = {Human-induced climate change is predicted to accelerate sea
level rise and alter storm frequency along the US east
coast. Rising sea level will enhance shoreline erosion, and
recent work indicates changing storm patterns and associated
changes in wave conditions can intensify coastal erosion
along parts of a coastline. Investigations of coastal
response to climate change typically consider natural
processes in isolation neglecting repeated changes to the
coastline from human actions, primarily through shoreline
nourishment projects, which add sand to the shoreline to
counteract erosion. In a model coupling economically driven
shoreline nourishment with wave- and sea level rise-driven
coastline change, and accounting for dwindling sediment
resources for nourishment, coastline response depends
dramatically on the relationship between patterns of
property value and erosion. Simulations show that when
nourishment costs rise with depletion of sand resources,
coastline change is tied to the interaction between patterns
of erosion and property value. Simulations show that when
high property values align with highly erosive locations,
sand resources are depleted rapidly and nourishment in lower
property value towns is quickly abandoned. Although our
model simulates a particular coastal morphology, the result
that future behavior of the coastline and the economic
viability of nourishment in a given town depend on the
regional interaction between patterns of property value and
erosion is likely applicable to many coastal configurations.
More broadly, coupling economic and physical models reveals
equity and sustainability implications of coastal climate
adaptation as well as patterns of coastline change that a
physical model alone would overlook. Copyright 2011 by the
American Geophysical Union.},
Doi = {10.1029/2011GL047207},
Key = {fds267478}
}
@article{fds267481,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Toward an Econometric Foundation for Marine Ecosystem-based
Management},
Journal = {Bulletin of Marine Science},
Volume = {86},
Number = {2},
Pages = {461-477},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0007-4977},
Abstract = {Fishery-dependent data increasingly include fine-scale
resolution of the spatial and temporal behavior of
individual fishing vessels. Here, I discuss how empirical
economic models can be used to analyze these data and inform
the design and evaluation of marine spatial management.
First, empirical economic models can isolate the causal
drivers of fishing decisions and inform managers about what
will happen after a policy change such as the formation of a
new marine reserve. The main approach in fisheries economics
is to use a statistical model of fishing-ground choice as a
function of the profitability of each alternative. I
highlight key findings from this literature and ways in
which recent methodological developments can address
emerging issues in spatial management. Second, the decisions
of individual fishermen can reveal information about the
spatial biophysical characteristics of an ecosystem. To
illustrate this point, I present a Monte Carlo
simulated-data experiment in which individual spatial
fishing choices are statistically analyzed. The experiment
shows how the information embedded in individual fishermen's
choices can isolate the spatiotemporal pattern of fish
abundance. Tis pattern, in turn, can be used to quantify the
environment dependence of fishery resources. Harnessing
fishery-dependent data in this way can in principle show how
environmental variables affect fisheries without direct
observation of fish abundance or a specific model of stock
dynamics. © 2010 Rosenstiel School of Marine and
Atmospheric Science of the University of
Miami.},
Key = {fds267481}
}
@article{fds267483,
Author = {Huang, L and Smith, MD and Craig, JK},
Title = {Quantifying the Economic Effects of Hypoxia on a Fishery for
Brown Shrimp, Farfantepenaeus aztecus},
Journal = {Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and
Ecosystem Science},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {232-248},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {1942-5120},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000208152900017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Although hypoxia is a threat to coastal ecosystems, policy
makers have limited information about its economic impacts
on fisheries. Studies using spatially and temporally
aggregated data generally fail to detect statistically
significant effects of hypoxia on fisheries. Limited recent
work using disaggregated fishing data (microdata) has
revealed modest effects of hypoxia on the catches of
recreationally harvested species. These studies did not
account for important spatial and temporal aspects of the
system, however. For example, the effects of hypoxia on
catch may not materialize instantaneously but involve a
lagged process reflecting cumulative past exposure. This
paper develops a differenced bioeconomic model to account
for the lagged effects of hypoxia on the North Carolina
fishery for brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus. The model
integrates high-resolution oxygen monitoring data with
fishery-dependent microdata from North Carolina's trip
ticket program to investigate the detailed spatial and
temporal relationships of hypoxia to commercial fishery
harvests. The main finding is that hypoxia may have resulted
in a 12.9% annual decrease in the brown shrimp harvest
during the period 1999-2005. The paper also develops two
alternative models-a nondifferenced model and a polynomial
distributed lag model-whose results are consistent with
those of the main model. © American Fisheries Society
2010.},
Doi = {10.1577/C09-048.1},
Key = {fds267483}
}
@article{fds304888,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S and Smith, M and Slott, J and Murray,
AB},
Title = {The Value of Disappearing Beaches in North Carolina: A
hedonic pricing model with endogenous beach
width},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {297-310},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2010},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a policy used to rebuild eroding
beaches with sand dredged from other locations. Previous
studies indicate that beach width positively affects coastal
property values, but these studies ignore the dynamic
features of beaches and the feedback that nourishment has on
shoreline retreat. We correct for the resulting attenuation
and endogeneity bias in a hedonic property value model by
instrumenting for beach width using spatially varying
coastal geological features. We find that the beach width
coefficient is nearly five times larger than the OLS
estimate, suggesting that beach width is a much larger
portion of property value than previously thought. We use
the empirical results to parameterize a dynamic optimization
model of beach nourishment decisions and show that the
predicted interval between nourishment projects is closer to
what we observe in the data when we use the estimate from
the instrumental variables model rather than OLS. As coastal
communities adapt to climate change, we find that the
long-term net value of coastal residential property can fall
by as much as 52% when erosion rate triples and cost of
nourishment sand quadruples. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.003},
Key = {fds304888}
}
@article{fds267484,
Author = {Smith, MD and Slott, JM and McNamara, D and Murray,
AB},
Title = {Beach nourishment as a dynamic capital accumulation
problem},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {58},
Number = {1},
Pages = {58-71},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.011},
Abstract = {Beach nourishment is a common coastal management strategy
used to combat erosion along sandy coastlines. It involves
building out a beach with sand dredged from another
location. This paper develops a positive model of beach
nourishment and generates testable hypotheses about how the
frequency of nourishment responds to property values,
project costs, erosion rates, and discounting. By treating
the decision to nourish as a dynamic capital accumulation
problem, the model produces new insights about coupled
economic geomorphological systems. In particular,
determining whether the frequency of nourishment increases
in response to physical and economic forces depends on
whether the decay rate of nourishment sand exceeds the
discount rate. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.011},
Key = {fds267484}
}
@article{fds267487,
Author = {Smith, MD and Sanchirico, JN and Wilen, JE},
Title = {The economics of spatial-dynamic processes: Applications to
renewable resources},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {57},
Number = {1},
Pages = {104-121},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.001},
Abstract = {Spatial-dynamic processes in renewable resource economics
pose difficult conceptual, analytical, empirical, and
institutional challenges that are distinct from either
spatial or dynamic problems. We describe the challenges and
conceptual approaches using both continuous and discrete
depictions of space and summarize key findings. Using a
metapopulation model of the fishery and simulated economic
and ecological data, we show that it is possible in certain
circumstances to recover both biological and economic
parameters of a linked spatial-dynamic system from only
economic data. We illustrate the application empirically
with data from the Gulf of Mexico reef-fish fishery. We
conclude with a discussion of key policy and institutional
design issues involved in managing spatial-dynamic systems.
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2008.08.001},
Key = {fds267487}
}
@article{fds267489,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Bioeconometrics: Empirical Modeling of Bioeconomic
Systems},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-23},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0738-1360},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/mre.23.1.42629599},
Abstract = {The rise of ecosystem management as an approach to renewable
resource policy increases the demand for empirical
bioeconomics. This paper provides a working definition of
bioeconometrics and a taxonomy of model types. A
bioeconometric model is a structural model that
econometrically estimates one or more parameters of a
bioeconomic system. Bioeconometric model types include
equilibrium, dynamically decoupled, and dynamically coupled.
The challenges and importance of bioeconometrics are
illustrated with a Monte Carlo analysis of simulated data
that attempts to differentiate among six different
qualitative categories in a system characterized by critical
depensation. The analysis highlights a theme in nonlinear
dynamics - that a small quantitative change in a parameter
can affect the qualitative dynamics - and shows that the
econometrician may know the least empirically about a
bioeconomic system when she needs to know the most.
Copyright © 2008 MRE Foundation, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.23.1.42629599},
Key = {fds267489}
}
@article{fds267490,
Author = {Slott, JM and Smith, MD and Murray, AB},
Title = {Synergies Between Adjacent Beach-Nourishing Communities in a
Morpho-economic Coupled Coastline Model},
Journal = {Coastal Management},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {374-391},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0892-0753},
url = {10.1080/08920750802266429},
Abstract = {Beach "nourishment" consists of placing sand on an eroding
beach. The widened beach provides increased storm protection
to adjacent structures and improved recreational benefits,
but is most often transient, requiring on-going, repeated
nourishment episodes. Numerical models of beach nourishment
typically address such questions as how long a widened beach
will last; economic models compare the benefits and costs of
preserving a stretch of beach without regard to its
geomorphic evolution. Neither have addressed the physical
nor economic interactions between adjacent nourishing
communities. Here, we couple a numerical model of coastline
evolution and a cost-benefit model of beach nourishment,
allowing adjacent communities to make dynamic nourishment
decisions. Beach nourishment benefits adjacent communities
both "updrift" and "downdrift." The total amount of money
spent on nourishment activities can decrease by as much as
25% when adjacent communities both conduct on-going
nourishment projects, as opposed to the case where each
community nourishes in isolation.},
Doi = {10.1080/08920750802266429},
Key = {fds267490}
}
@article{fds267491,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Econometric Modeling of Fisheries with Complex Life
Histories: Avoiding Biological Management
Failures},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {55},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-280},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0095-0696},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2007.11.003},
Abstract = {Economics of the fishery has focused on the wastefulness of
common pool resource exploitation. Pure open access
fisheries dissipate economic rents and degrade biological
stocks. Biologically managed fisheries also dissipate rents
but are thought to hold biological stocks at desired levels.
We develop and estimate an empirical bioeconomic model of
the Gulf of Mexico gag fishery that questions the
presumptive success of biological management. Unlike
previous bioeconomic life history studies, we provide a way
to circumvent calibration problems by embedding our
estimation routine directly in the dynamic bioeconomic
model. We nest a standard biological management model that
accounts for complex life history characteristics of the
gag. Biological intuition suggests that a spawning season
closure will reduce fishing pressure and increase stocks,
and simulations of the biological management model confirm
this finding. However, simulations of the empirical
bioeconomic model suggest that these intended outcomes of
the spawning closure do not materialize. The behavioral
response to the closure appears to be so pronounced that it
offsets the restriction in allowable fishing days. Our
results indicate that failure to account for fishing
behavior may play an important role in fishery management
failures. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2007.11.003},
Key = {fds267491}
}
@article{fds267492,
Author = {Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD and Lipton, DW},
Title = {An empirical approach to ecosystem-based fishery
management},
Journal = {Ecological Economics},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {586-596},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2008},
ISSN = {0921-8009},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/EBFM_EcolEcon_06-00332_FINAL.pdf},
Abstract = {Marine scientists and policymakers are encouraging
ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM), but there is
limited guidance on how to operationalize the concept. We
adapt financial portfolio theory as a method for EBFM that
accounts for species interdependencies, uncertainty, and
sustainability constraints. Illustrating our method with
routinely collected data available from the Chesapeake Bay,
we demonstrate the gains from taking into account variances
and covariances of gross fishing revenues in setting species
total allowable catches. We find over the period from
1962-2003 that managers could have increased the revenues
from fishing and reduced the variance by employing EBFM
frontiers in setting catch levels. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.04.006},
Key = {fds267492}
}
@article{fds267486,
Author = {Sanchirico, JN and Smith, MD and Lipton, DW},
Title = {Managing Fish Portfolios},
Journal = {Resources},
Year = {2007},
Month = {Winter},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/RFF-Resources-164-FishPortfolios.pdf},
Key = {fds267486}
}
@article{fds267460,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Structural Modeling of Marine Reserves with Bayesian
Estimation},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {22},
Number = {131-46},
Pages = {121-136},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/REVISED_MRE06-81_smith_zhang_coleman.pdf},
Abstract = {Structural models can assess the effectiveness of fishery
management prospectively and retrospectively. However, when
only fishery-dependent data are available, structural
econometric models are highly nonlinear in the parameters,
and maximum likelihood and other extremum-based estimators
can fail to converge. As a solution to these estimation
challenges, we adapt Bayesian econometric methods to
estimate a dynamic structural model of marine reserve
formation. Using simulated data, we find that our approach
is able to recover structural biological and economic
parameters that classical estimation procedures fail to
recover. We apply the approach to real data from the Gulf of
Mexico reef-fish fishery. We test the effects of the
Steamboat Lumps Marine Reserve on population growth and
catchability for gag, a species of grouper. We find that
after four years, the reserve has neither produced
statistically significant losses in sustainable yield nor
statistically significant gains in biological production.
Copyright © 1996 Marine Resources Foundation.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.22.2.42629548},
Key = {fds267460}
}
@article{fds267485,
Author = {Liese, C and Smith, MD and Kramer, RA},
Title = {Open access in a spatially delineated artisanal fishery: The
case of Minahasa, Indonesia},
Journal = {Environment and Development Economics},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {123-143},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1355-770X},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6744 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {The effects of economic development on the exploitation of
renewable resources are investigated in settings where
property rights are ill defined or not enforced. This paper
explores potential conservation implications from labor and
product market developments, such as enhanced transportation
infrastructure. A model is developed that predicts
individual fish catch per unit effort based on
characteristics of individual fishermen and the development
status of their villages. The econometric model is estimated
using data from a cross-sectional household survey of
artisanal coral reef fishermen in Minahasa, Indonesia,
taking account of fishermen heterogeneity. Variation across
different villages and across fishermen within the villages
is used to explore the effects of development. Strong
evidence is found for the countervailing forces of product
and labor market effects on the exploitation of a coral reef
fishery. © 2007 Cambridge University Press.},
Doi = {10.1017/S1355770X06003421},
Key = {fds267485}
}
@article{fds267505,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Generating value in habitat-dependent fisheries: The
importance of fishery management institutions},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {83},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-73},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0023-7639},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/FINALVERSIONm_smith_LandEcon_naafe_2005.pdf},
Abstract = {This paper models dynamic producer and consumer benefits
from improving habitat that supports the North Carolina blue
crab fishery. It embeds two fishery management institutions
- open access and partial rationalization - in a
multispecies, two-patch spatial bioeconomic model with
endogenous output price and estuarine eutrophication.
Producer benefits from improved environmental quality are
higher for the rationalized fishery than for open access.
Consumer benefits are larger than producer benefits and are
comparable across institutions. However, the total benefits
from improving environmental quality are small relative to
the benefits from rationalizing the fishery and leaving
environmental quality the same. © 2007 by the Board of
Regents of the University of Wisconsin System.},
Doi = {10.3368/le.83.1.59},
Key = {fds267505}
}
@article{fds267504,
Author = {Smith, MD and Zhang, J and Coleman, FC},
Title = {Effectiveness of marine reserves for large-scale fisheries
management},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic
Sciences},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {153-164},
Publisher = {Canadian Science Publishing},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0706-652X},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smith},
Abstract = {As more no-take marine reserves are established, the
importance of evaluating effectiveness retrospectively is
growing. This paper adapts methods from program evaluation
to quantify the effects of establishing a marine reserve on
fisheries using fishery-dependent data. The approach
analyzes the effects of a policy at the individual vessel
level and accommodates the coarse spatial resolution of
fishing logbooks. It illuminates implicit assumptions in
previous retrospective analyses of marine reserves that are
unlikely to hold for large-scale fisheries. We illustrate
the empirical model with an application to the Gulf of
Mexico reef-fish fishery. Isolating the effects of reserves
requires a full accounting of multiple gear production
technologies, heterogeneity in vessel captain skill, spatial
heterogeneity of fish stocks, seasonal patterns in
abundance, the effects of coexisting management policies,
and the possibility that the harvest sector anticipates
reserve establishment. We find that the effect of two
recently established marine reserves on catch is negative
and trending downward, though the reserves have only been in
place for 4.5 years. © 2005 NRC.},
Doi = {10.1139/f05-205},
Key = {fds267504}
}
@article{fds267465,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Heterogeneous and correlated risk preferences in commercial
fishermen: The perfect storm dilemma},
Journal = {Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-71},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0895-5646},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-005-2930-7},
Abstract = {Commercial fishing involves both physical and financial
risks. This combination questions whether fishermen are
inherently risk-loving, whether physical and financial risk
preferences are correlated, and how much preferences vary
across fishermen. This paper addresses these questions with
a panel data set of daily participation decisions in the
California sea urchin dive fishery. Weather buoy data and
the prevalence of great white sharks at a particular fishing
site proxy for physical risk. Overall, urchin fishermen are
not risk-loving on average, risk preferences are
heterogeneous, and there is some evidence that risk
preferences are positively correlated across physical and
financial domains. © 2005 Springer Science + Business
Media, Inc.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11166-005-2930-7},
Key = {fds267465}
}
@article{fds267500,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {State Dependence and Heterogeneity in Fishing Location
Choice},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {319-340},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/msmith_state_het_jeem_for_pub_WITH_APPENDIX.pdf},
Abstract = {To explore the distinction between state dependence and
heterogeneity in repeated decisions, this paper combines a
Mixed Logit model with a state dependence parameterization
from the marketing literature to study fishing location
choices of commercial sea urchin divers in California. It
examines implications of ignoring either effect and finds in
all cases that true state dependence is an important
determinant of location choice. Consequently, spatial
policies like marine reserves can lead to differences in the
short- and long-run behavioral responses of the fishing
fleet. Under some specifications, random preference
parameters are statistically significant when state
dependence is excluded from the model, but when it is
included, random preference parameters are not significant.
In other specifications, including state dependence only
dampens the variability in preference parameters. These
results highlight the importance of gathering and analyzing
diary-type data for commercial fisheries as well as for
similar choice problems in recreation demand. © 2005
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2005.04.001},
Key = {fds267500}
}
@article{fds267503,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Correlated Risk Preferences and Behavior of Commercial
Fishermen: The Perfect Storm/Dilemma},
Journal = {The Journal of Risk and Uncertainty},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-71},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smith_wilen_correlated},
Key = {fds267503}
}
@article{fds267468,
Author = {Saterson, K and Christensen, NL and Jackson, RB and Kramer, RA and Pimm,
SL and Smith, MD and Wiener, JB},
Title = {Disconnects in Evaluating the Relative Effectiveness of
Conservation Strategies},
Journal = {Conservation Biology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {597-599},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7005 Duke open
access},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.01831.x},
Key = {fds267468}
}
@article{fds267497,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Marine Reserves with Endogenous Ports: Empirical
Bioeconomics of the California Sea Urchin
Fishery},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-112},
Publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/SmithWilen_mre},
Abstract = {Marine reserves are gaining substantial public support as
tools for commercial fisheries management. Harvest sector
responses will influence policy performance, yet biological
studies often depict harvester behavior as spread uniformly
over fishing grounds and unresponsive to economic
opportunities. Previous bioeconomic analyses show that these
behavioral assumptions are inconsistent with empirical data
and, more importantly, lead to overly optimistic predictions
about harvest gains from reserves. This paper adds another
layer of behavioral realism to the bioeconomics of marine
reserves by endogenizing fisher home port choices with a
partial adjustment share model. Estimated with Seemingly
Unrelated Regression over monthly data, this approach allows
simulation of both short- And long-run behavioral response
to changes induced by marine reserve formation. The findings
cast further doubt on the notion that marine reserves
generate long-run harvest benefits.},
Doi = {10.1086/mre.19.1.42629420},
Key = {fds267497}
}
@article{fds267498,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fishing Yield, Curvature, and Spatial Behavior: Implications
for Modeling Marine Reserves},
Journal = {Natural Resource Modeling},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {273-298},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/fishing_yield_smith_nrm_final.pdf},
Abstract = {Given a paucity of empirical data, policymakers are forced
to rely on modeling to assess potential impacts of creating
marine reserves to manage fisheries. Many modeling studies
of reserves conclude that fishing yield will increase (or
decrease only modestly) after creating a reserve in a
heavily exploited fishery. However, much of the marine
reserves modeling ignores the spatial heterogeneity of
fishing behavior. Contrary to empirical findings in
fisheries science and economics, most models assume
explicitly or implicitly that fishing effort is distributed
uniformly over space. This paper demonstrates that by
ignoring this heterogeneity, yield-per-recruit models
systematically overstate the yield gains (or understate the
losses) from creating a reserve in a heavily exploited
fishery. Conversely, at very low levels of exploitation,
models that ignore heterogeneous fishing effort overstate
the fishing yield losses from creating a reserve. Starting
with a standard yield-per-recruit model, the paper derives a
yield surface that maps spatially differentiated fishing
effort into total long-run fishing yield. It is the
curvature of this surface that accounts for why the spatial
distribution of fishing effort so greatly affects predicted
changes from forming a reserve. The results apply generally
to any model in which the long-run fishing yield has similar
curvature to a two-patch Beverton-Holt model. A simulation
of marine reserve formation in the California red sea urchin
fishery with Beverton-Holt recruitment, eleven patches, and
common larval pool dispersal dynamics reinforces these
results. © 2004 Rocky Mountain Mathematics
Consortium.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1939-7445.2004.tb00137.x},
Key = {fds267498}
}
@article{fds267499,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Limited Entry Licensing: Insights from a Duration
Model},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {86},
Number = {3},
Pages = {605-618},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/limited_entry_ajae_604%5B601-614%5D.pdf},
Abstract = {Limited entry is used to manage many fisheries.
Effectiveness depends on a program's ability to control
aggregate fishing power, which fleet size and composition
both affect. This article analyzes fleet composition and
attrition in a limited-entry fishery, the California red sea
urchin fishery. It explores the dynamics of heterogeneity in
catch and revenue and applies duration analysis to study
individual fisherman attrition using both individual-level
and time-varying covariates. The results show that the fleet
is becoming more homogenous but also more potent and
spatially mobile. Regulations such as size limits and season
restrictions tend to increase attrition. Copyright 2004
American Agricultural Economics Association.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.0002-9092.2004.00604.x},
Key = {fds267499}
}
@article{fds267458,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {The economics of conserving wildlife and natural
areas},
Journal = {AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE
ECONOMICS},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {418-420},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBL LTD},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1364-985X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000186092600009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds267458}
}
@article{fds267496,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Economic Impacts of Marine Reserves: The Importance of
Spatial Behavior},
Journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management},
Volume = {46},
Number = {2},
Pages = {183-206},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/smithwilen_jeem_pub.pdf},
Abstract = {Marine biologists have shown virtually unqualified support
for managing fisheries with marine reserves, signifying a
new resource management paradigm that recognizes the
importance of spatial processes in exploited systems. Most
modeling of reserves employs simplifying assumptions about
the behavior of fishermen in response to spatial closures.
We show that a realistic depiction of fishermen behavior
dramatically alters the conclusions about reserves. We
develop, estimate, and calibrate an integrated bioeconomic
model of the sea urchin fishery in northern California and
use it to simulate reserve policies. Our behavioral model
shows how economic incentives determine both participation
and location choices of fishermen. We compare simulations
with behavioral response to biological modeling that
presumes that effort is spatially uniform and unresponsive
to economic incentives. We demonstrate that optimistic
conclusions about reserves may be an artifact of simplifying
assumptions that ignore economic behavior. © 2003 Elsevier
Science (USA). All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00024-X},
Key = {fds267496}
}
@article{fds267495,
Author = {Wilen, JE and Smith, MD and Lockwood, D and Botsford,
LW},
Title = {Avoiding surprises: Incorporating fisherman behavior into
management models},
Journal = {Bulletin of Marine Science},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {553-575},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
Abstract = {All fisheries-management models incorporate simplifying
assumptions about ecological and oceanographic mechanisms
that are fundamentally uncertain or stochastic, but
exploited fisheries are also subject to equally important
uncertainties associated with fisherman behavior. Fishermen
make decisions ranging from long-term entry/exit decisions
to daily or even hourly decisions about where and how to
fish. These decisions are influenced by regulations,
technology, weather, and expectations about prices, costs,
and abundance. They ultimately determine the spatial and
temporal pattern of mortality in an exploited fishery.
Although biologists have tried to incorporate fisherman
behavior into management models, much of the work is ad hoc,
whereas economics has a rich tradition of both conceptual
and empirical behavioral modeling. This paper is an attempt
to demonstrate the potential usefulness of economics-based
behavioral modeling, with data collected for biological
management. A model of participation and spatial choice is
constructed, and the economic model is linked to a
biological model of metapopulation dynamics and used to
forecast the implications of management measures that might
be applied to the red sea urchin fishery in California. The
results show that modeling spatial behavior strongly affects
the predicted outcomes of management policies even if the
policies are not spatial in character.},
Key = {fds267495}
}
@article{fds267464,
Author = {Klonsky, K and Smith, MD},
Title = {Entry and exit in California's organic farming
sector},
Journal = {Advances in the Economics of Environmental
Resources},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {139-165},
Booktitle = {Economics of Pesticides, Sustainable Food Production and
Organic Food Markets, Advances in the Economics of
Environmental Resources},
Publisher = {New York: Elsevier Science},
Editor = {D.C. Hall and L.J. Moffitt},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1569-3740},
Abstract = {In California, organic acreage increased by 60% and sales of
organic commodities increased by 110% between 1992 and 1997.
The rate of growth in the organic industry does not reveal
the dynamic nature of California's organic agriculture. In
this chapter, we explore the characteristics of farmers
entering and exiting the organic market in California. In so
doing, our analysis provides insight into the impact of
policy and growth on the future composition of the organic
industry. © 2002.},
Key = {fds267464}
}
@article{fds267493,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {The Marine Environment: Fencing the Last
Frontier},
Journal = {Review of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-42},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds267493}
}
@article{fds267494,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Two Econometric Approaches for Predicting the Spatial
Behavior of Renewable Resource Harvesters},
Journal = {Land Economics},
Volume = {78},
Number = {4},
Pages = {522-538},
Publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146851},
Abstract = {This paper analyzes spatial patterns of exploitation in the
California sea urchin fishery using two different
econometric approaches: a combined count data and SUR model
of monthly observations and a micro-level Nested Logit model
of individual harvester daily decisions. Each model is used
to simulate the spatial distribution of fishing effort. The
models are compared using goodness of fit measures and
implications for management are discussed.},
Doi = {10.2307/3146851},
Key = {fds267494}
}
@article{fds69148,
Author = {J.D. Kaplan and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Optimal Fisheries Management in the Presence of an
Endangered Predator and Harvestable Prey},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of the10th Biennial Conference of the
International Institute for Fisheries Economics and
Trade},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/smith/msmith_jkaplan_predprey.pdf},
Key = {fds69148}
}
@article{fds267502,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Breeding Incentives and the Demand for California
Thoroughbred Racing: Is there a Quality/Quantity
Tradeoff?},
Journal = {Applied Economics},
Volume = {33},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1755-1762},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840010019675},
Abstract = {Both quantity of horses and quality stimulate demand for
horse race gambling. This paper addresses the potential for
a quantity/quality tradeoff due to breeding incentives for
California thoroughbreds. Econometric analysis is used to
assess the demand for quality and quantity of horses, and
results suggest the likely net benefit of breeding
incentives on the industry at large.},
Doi = {10.1080/00036840010019675},
Key = {fds267502}
}
@article{fds267501,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Spatial search and fishing location choice: Methodological
challenges of empirical modeling},
Journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},
Volume = {82},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1198-1206},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9092},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00120},
Abstract = {Discrete choice modeling of fishing location tries to
resolve simultaneously behavioral responses to information,
what this information is, and the way that the information
is gathered and processed. Without observing the process
itself, the modeler really only sees choices and revenue (or
catch) histories. We cannot separate how these histories are
combined into measures of profitability and how these
measures affect choice. This paper discussed two
fundamentally different attempts to resolve questions about
information. The author concludes that structural attempts
are essentially intractable in every setting, and
reduced-form methods are by nature ad hoc. Nevertheless,
some hope lies in reduced-form methods. A conclusion of the
first section is that even ad hoc approaches to information
processing should account for sampling variance in addition
to variance of the underlying stochastic process. Of the
methods discussed, the Bayesian approach with a realistic
probability model seems most compelling but is also the most
difficult to implement. In contrast, it is much less clear
how best to model the decay of information.},
Doi = {10.1111/0002-9092.00120},
Key = {fds267501}
}
%% Papers Submitted
@article{fds352826,
Author = {Smith, MD and Wilen, JE},
Title = {Economic impacts of marine reserves: The importance of
spatial behavior},
Pages = {51-76},
Booktitle = {Spatial Aspects of Environmental Policy},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780815397175},
Abstract = {Marine biologists have shown virtually unqualified support
for managing fisheries with marine reserves, signifying a
new resource management paradigm that recognizes the
importance of spatial processes in exploited systems. Most
modeling of reserves employs simplifying assumptions about
the behavior of fishermen in response to spatial closures.
We show that a realistic depiction of fishermen behavior
dramatically alters the conclusions about reserves. We
develop, estimate, and calibrate an integrated bioeconomic
model of the sea urchin fishery in northern California and
use it to simulate reserve policies. Our behavioral model
shows how economic incentives determine both participation
and location choices of fishermen. We compare simulations
with behavioral response to biological modeling that
presumes that effort is spatially uniform and unresponsive
to economic incentives. We demonstrate that optimistic
conclusions about reserves may be an artifact of simplifying
assumptions that ignore economic behavior.},
Key = {fds352826}
}
@article{fds376748,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Fisheries management},
Volume = {3-4},
Pages = {175-177},
Booktitle = {Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to
Practice},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9780313397073},
Key = {fds376748}
}
@article{fds323784,
Author = {Smith, MD and Asche, F and Roheim, C},
Title = {Markets, Trade and Seafood},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {791-797},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set
(Print)},
Publisher = {CRC Press},
Editor = {Wang, Y},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISBN = {978-1439852484},
Abstract = {This entry describes the growth in seafood production and
trade and the main factors causing these developments. We
then review the leading economic research on the
international seafood trade and markets with a focus on
interactions of markets and the management of fisheries and
aquaculture. Specific examples include the relationship
between fisheries management institutions and international
trade; the relationship between the value of seafood
attributes and production practices; and the development of
the Fish Price Index (FPI) by the UN Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) to address food security
concerns.},
Key = {fds323784}
}
@article{fds323785,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Open access and the fishery},
Booktitle = {Environmental and Natural Resource Economics: An
Encyclopedia},
Publisher = {ABC-CLIO},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISBN = {9781440801204},
Abstract = {Economics is the study of the decisions, the insti- tutions,
the rules, and the laws that result in how our stuff is made
and consumed ... Environmental and Natural Resource
Economics: An Encyclopedia offers the critical information
needed to ...},
Key = {fds323785}
}
@article{fds323786,
Author = {Smith, MD},
Title = {Managing Our Nations Fisheries 3: Advancing
Sustainability},
Editor = {Gilden, J},
Year = {2014},
Abstract = {Value Tradeoffs in Fisheries Management},
Key = {fds323786}
}
@article{fds215338,
Author = {Squires, D. K. Carden and A. Khan and M.D. Smith and N.
Vestergaard},
Title = {Rethinking Marine Conservation from Solving the Commons
Problem to Provision of Impure Public Goods},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds215338}
}
@article{fds215340,
Author = {Smith, M.D. and F. Asche and L.S. Bennear and E. Havice and A.J. Read and D. Squires},
Title = {A catch share for whales is unlikely to improve social
welfare},
Journal = {Ecol Appl},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds215340}
}
@article{fds222698,
Author = {Smith, M.D. and F. Asche and F., A. Oglend and L.S.
Bennear},
Title = {Spatial-dynamics of Hypoxia and Fisheries: The Case of the
Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222698}
}
@article{fds222699,
Author = {Asche, F. and M.F. Bellemare and C. Roheim and M.D. Smith and S.
Tveteras},
Title = {Fair Enough? Food Security and the International Seafood
Trade},
Journal = {Food Security},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222699}
}
@article{fds222701,
Author = {Gopalakrishnan, S. and D. McNamara and M.D. Smith and A.B.
Murray},
Title = {Decentralized coastal management hinders climate
adaptation},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222701}
}
@article{fds222703,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Value Tradeoffs in Fisheries Management},
Booktitle = {Proceedings of Managing Our Nation’s Fisheries
3},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222703}
}
@article{fds172079,
Author = {Huang, L. and M.D. Smith},
Title = {The Dynamic Efficiency Costs of Common-pool Resource
Exploitation},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds172079}
}
%% Book Reviews
@article{fds222697,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Demon Fish},
Journal = {Marine Resource Economics},
Year = {2013},
Key = {fds222697}
}
@article{fds184509,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Fisheries Management: Pandemic Failure and
Workable Solutions (by Giulio Pontecorvo and William
Schrank., Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley UK
2009)},
Journal = {International Journal of Maritime History},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {351-52,},
Year = {2010},
Key = {fds184509}
}
@article{fds171923,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of Climate Change and the Economics of the World’s
Fisheries: Examples of Small Pelagic Stocks (Edited by
Rögnvaldur Hannesson, Manuael Barange, and Samuel F.
Herrick Jr., Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar,
2006)},
Journal = {International Journal of Maritime History},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds171923}
}
@article{fds49801,
Author = {M.D. Smith},
Title = {Review of The Economics of Conserving Wildlife and Natural
Areas (by C. Tisdell),},
Journal = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource
Economics},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {418-420},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds49801}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds331432,
Author = {Roebeling, PC and Bohnet, I and Smith, M and Westcott, D and Kroon, F and Hartcher, M and Hodgen, M and Vleeshouwer, J},
Title = {Landscapes toolkit for triple-bottom-line assessment of land
use scenarios in Great Barrier Reef catchments},
Journal = {MODSIM05 - International Congress on Modelling and
Simulation: Advances and Applications for Management and
Decision Making, Proceedings},
Pages = {711-717},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780975840009},
Abstract = {The coastal strip adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR)
is a region of high economic importance and exceptional
environmental value. It contains the highest biological
diversity in Australia, supports a World Heritage rainforest
area and directly influences the GBR. To ensure that future
development addresses economic and social issues while
enabling remediation of landscape and ecosystem degradation,
a Landscapes Toolkit (LsT) is being developed as part of the
CSIRO 'Water for a Healthy Country' National Research
Flagship project: Repair and Sustainable Development of
Floodplains in the Wet Tropics. (Figure Presented) Using The
Invisible Modelling Environment (TIME) the LsT integrates
disparate disciplinary approaches, knowledge and data, to
allow for the spatially-explicit analysis of the impacts on
environmental, social and economic values (i.e. the
triple-bottom-line) of changes in land use & management. The
LsT comprises disciplinary models for terrestrial
biodiversity, aquatic biodiversity, production systems,
hydrology and water quality, and terrestrial economics,
which users can select depending on their specific concerns.
These models are passively linked to allow for the
comparative-static evaluation of predefined land use &
management change scenarios, while users can define the
corresponding type and format of output (see Figure 1). The
Douglas Shire in North Queensland serves as a case study to
develop and test the LsT approach. Three land use scenarios
(production, water quality and biodiversity) are developed
together with the local community and are assessed for their
impact based on a limited number of selected economic,
biodiversity and water quality criteria. In the Water
Quality scenario farm incomes, biodiversity and, to a
limited extent, water quality improve as compared to the
current situation, whereas in the Biodiversity scenario,
terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity improve significantly
while farm incomes decrease as compared to the current
situation and the Water Quality scenario. It is anticipated
to use the LsT in a participatory process with stakeholders,
to develop future scenarios and provide information that aid
the community in deciding among multiple choices. Over the
coming years the LsT will be developed to allow for the
dynamic evaluation of user-defined scenarios, while in the
long-term the LsT will allow for active linkages between
disciplinary models to account for processes endogenous to
the system. Additionally, attention will be given to
uncertainty surrounding the component models' and integrated
system results.},
Key = {fds331432}
}
%% Working Papers
@article{fds215334,
Author = {L.S. Bennear and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Success or Selection? An economic perspective on fisheries
co-management},
Year = {2011},
Key = {fds215334}
}
@article{fds171924,
Author = {Asche, F. and M.D. Smith},
Title = {Trade and Fisheries: Key Issues for the World Trade
Organization},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds171924}
}
%% Other
@misc{fds304078,
Author = {Bennear, LS and Smith, MD},
Title = {Success or Selection: An Economic Perspective on Fisheries
Co-Management},
Journal = {Working Papers on the Web},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds304078}
}
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