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| Publications of Tracy Falba :chronological combined by tags listing:%% Journal Articles @article{RefWorks:95, Author = {McKee, SA and Falba, T and O'Malley, SS and Sindelar, J and O'Connor, PG}, Title = {Smoking status as a clinical indicator for alcohol misuse in US adults.}, Journal = {Archives of internal medicine}, Volume = {167}, Number = {7}, Pages = {716-721}, Year = {2007}, Month = {April}, ISBN = {0003-9926 (Print)}, ISSN = {0003-9926}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17420431}, Keywords = {Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Drinking/*epidemiology; Alcoholism/*epidemiology; Humans; Smoking/*epidemiology}, Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Screening for alcohol use in primary care settings is recommended by clinical care guidelines but is not adhered to as strongly as screening for smoking. It has been proposed that smoking status could be used to enhance the identification of alcohol misuse in primary care and other medical settings, but national data are lacking. Our objective was to investigate smoking status as a clinical indicator for alcohol misuse in a national sample of US adults, following clinical care guidelines for the assessment of these behaviors. METHODS: Analyses are based on a sample of 42 374 US adults from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (Wave I, 2001-2002). Odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and test characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive likelihood ratio of smoking behavior [daily, occasional, or former]) were determined for the detection of hazardous drinking behavior and alcohol-related diagnoses, assessed by the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV. RESULTS: Daily, occasional, and ex-smokers were more likely than never smokers to be hazardous drinkers (OR, 3.23 [95% CI, 3.02-3.46]; OR, 5.33 [95% CI, 4.70-6.04]; OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.10-1.28], respectively). Daily and occasional smokers were more likely to meet criteria for alcohol diagnoses (OR, 3.52 [95% CI, 3.19-3.90] and OR, 5.39 [95% CI, 4.60-6.31], respectively). For the detection of hazardous drinking by current smoking (occasional smokers + daily smokers), sensitivity was 42.5%; specificity, 81.9%; positive predictive value, 45.3% (vs population rate of 26.1%); and positive likelihood ratio, 2.34. For the detection of alcohol diagnoses by current smoking, sensitivity was 51.4%; specificity, 78.0%; positive predictive value, 17.8% (vs population rate of 8.5%); and positive likelihood ratio, 2.33. CONCLUSIONS: Occasional and daily smokers were at heightened risk for hazardous drinking and alcohol use diagnoses. Smoking status can be used as a clinical indicator for alcohol misuse and as a reminder for alcohol screening in general.}, Doi = {10.1001/archinte.167.7.716}, Key = {RefWorks:95} } @article{RefWorks:96, Author = {Falba, TA and Sindelar, JL}, Title = {Spousal concordance in health behavior change}, Journal = {Health Services Research}, Volume = {43}, Number = {1}, Pages = {96-116}, Year = {2008}, ISSN = {0017-9124}, url = {http://www.econ.duke.edu/}, Keywords = {spouse; smoking; alcohol; exercise; preventive services; smoking-cessation; husbands; marriage; support; maintenance; patterns; families; history; model}, Abstract = {Objective. This study examines the degree to which a married individual's health habits and use of preventive medical care are influenced by his or her spouse's behaviors. Study Design. Using longitudinal data on individuals and their spouses, we examine changes over time in the health habits of each person as a function of changes in his or her spouse's health habits. Specifically, we analyze changes in smoking, drinking, exercising, cholesterol screening, and obtaining a flu shot. Data Source. This study uses data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative sample of individuals born between 1931 and 1941 and their spouses. Beginning in 1992, 12,652 persons (age-eligible individuals as well as their spouses) from 7,702 households were surveyed about many aspects of their life, including health behaviors, use of preventive services, and disease diagnosis. Sample. The analytic sample includes 6,072 individuals who are married at the time of the initial HRS survey and who remain married and in the sample at the time of the 1996 and 2000 waves. Principal Findings. We consistently find that when one spouse improves his or her behavior, the other spouse is likely to do so as well. This is found across all the behaviors analyzed, and persists despite controlling for many other factors. Conclusions. Simultaneous changes occur in a number of health behaviors. This conclusion has prescriptive implications for developing interventions, treatments, and policies to improve health habits and for evaluating the impact of such measures.}, Key = {RefWorks:96} } | |
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