Publications of Emily Cherenack    :chronological  alphabetical  combined listing:

%% Journal Articles   
@article{fds357507,
   Author = {Cherenack, EM and Sikkema, KJ},
   Title = {Puberty- and Menstruation-Related Stressors Are Associated
             with Depression, Anxiety, and Reproductive Tract Infection
             Symptoms Among Adolescent Girls in Tanzania.},
   Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
   Year = {2021},
   Month = {June},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10005-1},
   Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Puberty and menstruation are significant
             stressors for adolescent girls and young women in
             low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa. However, little
             is known about the impact of these stressors on girls'
             mental health and reproductive health.<h4>Methods</h4>In
             2018, a cross-sectional self-report survey was conducted
             with 581 adolescent girls and young women between 13 to
             21 years old who had reached menarche and were attending
             secondary school in Moshi, Tanzania. Structural equation
             modeling was used to examine the relationships of
             puberty-related stressors and menstruation-related stressors
             (menstrual deficits, movement/activity difficulties, and
             menstrual symptoms) to depression, anxiety, and the
             likelihood of reporting reproductive tract infection (RTI)
             symptoms.<h4>Results</h4>Puberty-specific stressors,
             menstrual symptoms, and menstrual deficits were associated
             with depression and anxiety. Movement/activity difficulties
             were associated with anxiety. Increases in menstrual
             symptoms, menstrual deficits, puberty stressors, and
             depression were associated with an increased likelihood of
             reporting a lifetime RTI. However, the relationship of
             puberty stressors and depression with RTIs was no longer
             significant in two of three models after correcting for Type
             I error.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Overall, puberty- and
             menstruation-related stressors were associated with mental
             health and symptoms of reproductive tract infections. This
             suggests there is an important relationship between
             stressors specific to adolescent girls and young women
             during puberty, mental health, and reproductive health.
             There is a need for adolescent-tailored interventions to
             reduce the negative impact of stressors among girls
             transitioning through puberty in sub-Saharan
             Africa.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s12529-021-10005-1},
   Key = {fds357507}
}

@article{fds357455,
   Author = {Tapia, GR and Glynn, TR and Miller, C and Manuzak, JA and Broedlow, CA and Mcgaugh, A and Cherenack, EM and Bauermeister, JA and Grov, C and Dilworth, SE and Parisi, R and Martinez, D and Klatt, NR and Carrico,
             AW},
   Title = {Syndemics and pre-exposure prophylaxis are independently
             associated with rectal immune dysregulation in sexual
             minority men.},
   Journal = {Aids},
   Year = {2021},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000002866},
   Abstract = {<h4>Objective</h4>Syndemic conditions have been linked to
             engagement in receptive condomless anal sex (CAS) and HIV
             seroconversion. However, little is known about the
             biological pathways whereby syndemics could amplify
             vulnerability to HIV and other sexually transmitted
             infections (STIs).<h4>Design</h4>HIV-negative sexual
             minority men (i.e., gay, bisexual, and other men who have
             sex with men) were recruited from four STI clinics in South
             Florida for a cross-sectional study.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants
             completed assessments for four syndemic conditions:
             depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, hazardous
             alcohol use, and any stimulant use (i.e., any self-reported
             use or reactive urine toxicology results). Cytokine and
             chemokine levels were measured using LEGENDplex from the
             rectal swabs of 92 participants reporting receptive CAS and
             no antibiotic use in the past three months.<h4>Results</h4>After
             controlling for age, race/ethnicity, pre-exposure
             prophylaxis (PrEP) use, and number of receptive CAS
             partners, a greater number of syndemic conditions was
             associated with higher levels of rectal cytokines/chemokines
             relevant to immune activation, inflammation, and the
             expansion and maintenance of T-helper 17 target cells,
             including rectal interferon-gamma (β = 0.22;
             p = 0.047), CXCL-8 (β = 0.24; p = 0.025), and
             interleukin-23 (β = 0.22; p = 0.049). Elevations in
             rectal cytokine or chemokine levels were most pronounced
             among participants experiencing two or more syndemic
             conditions compared to those experiencing no syndemic
             conditions. PrEP use was independently associated with
             elevations in multiple rectal cytokines/chemokines.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Syndemic
             conditions could increase biological vulnerability to HIV
             and other STIs in sexual minority men by potentiating rectal
             immune dysregulation.},
   Doi = {10.1097/qad.0000000000002866},
   Key = {fds357455}
}

@article{fds357456,
   Author = {Knettel, B and Corrigan, K and Cherenack, E and Ho, N and Carr, S and Cahill, J and Chino, J and Ubel, P and Watt, M and Suneja,
             G},
   Title = {HIV, cancer, and coping: The cumulative burden of a cancer
             diagnosis among people living with HIV.},
   Journal = {J Psychosoc Oncol},
   Pages = {1-14},
   Year = {2021},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2020.1867691},
   Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) have increased
             risk for cancer and worse cancer-specific survival. We
             explored the emotional burden of cancer and HIV as a
             potential driver of cancer mortality. RESEARCH APPROACH:
             Semi-structured qualitative interviews with PLWH and cancer.
             PARTICIPANTS: 27 PLWH who had either completed cancer
             treatment, were currently undergoing treatment, or
             experienced challenges in completing treatment.
             METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH: An inductive qualitative approach
             using the constant comparative method. FINDINGS:
             Participants drew strong parallels between being diagnosed
             with HIV and cancer. Many described HIV-related stigma that
             hindered social support. Cancer treatment side effects were
             a major challenge, impacting treatment adherence for both
             cancer and HIV. IMPLICATIONS FOR PSYCHOSOCIAL PROVIDERS:
             There is a need for convenient, affordable, and visible
             services to support PLHIV as they navigate cancer care.
             Services should be tailored to the unique needs of this
             population by addressing HIV-related stigma, building social
             support, and fostering resilience.},
   Doi = {10.1080/07347332.2020.1867691},
   Key = {fds357456}
}

@article{fds357457,
   Author = {Knettel, BA and Cherenack, EM and Friis, EA},
   Title = {Examining causal attributions for depression, alcohol use
             disorder, and schizophrenia in a diverse sample of
             international students at U.S. universities.},
   Journal = {Journal of American College Health : J of
             Ach},
   Pages = {1-8},
   Year = {2021},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1846046},
   Abstract = {<h4>Objectives</h4>International students face increased
             vulnerability for mental health challenges, but underutilize
             counseling compared to their domestic peers. We examined
             beliefs regarding the causes of mental illness, known as
             attributions, which may impact treatment-seeking and stigma.
             <b>Participants:</b> Surveys were collected from 680
             international students at U.S. universities. <b>Methods:</b>
             We sent invitations to a computer-based survey disseminated
             via international student email lists. The survey explored
             mental health attributions for depression, alcohol use
             disorder, and schizophrenia. <b>Results:</b> Attributions
             differed significantly by disorder. Depression and alcohol
             use were attributed to social stress and perceived as
             controllable and influenced by personal weakness and
             lifestyle choices. Schizophrenia was often attributed to
             hereditary/biological causes. Differences also emerged based
             on the participants' acculturation, region of origin, and
             religiosity. <b>Conclusions:</b> Attributions influence
             perceptions of mental illness and may lead to stigma.
             Providers should incorporate discussions of attribution in
             student outreach and counseling to address potential impacts
             on care-seeking.},
   Doi = {10.1080/07448481.2020.1846046},
   Key = {fds357457}
}

@article{fds357458,
   Author = {Cherenack, EM and Tolley, EE and Kaaya, S and Headley, J and Baumgartner, JN},
   Title = {Depression and Sexual Trauma Among Adolescent Girls and
             Young Women in HIV-Prevention Research in
             Tanzania.},
   Journal = {Maternal and Child Health Journal},
   Volume = {24},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {620-629},
   Year = {2020},
   Month = {May},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-02888-5},
   Abstract = {<h4>Purpose</h4>Clinical trials are necessary to test
             HIV-prevention strategies among adolescent girls and young
             women in sub-Saharan Africa. Psychosocial risk factors that
             increase girls' and young women's vulnerability for HIV may
             also impact their experiences in clinical trials. A better
             understanding of psychosocial risks among girls and young
             women enrolled in HIV-prevention research is needed. This
             analysis explores depression and sexual trauma among
             adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a mock
             microbicide trial in Tanzania.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected
             cross-sectional data from 135 HIV-negative adolescent girls
             and young women between 15 and 21 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
             enrolled in a mock microbicide trial. Depression, sexual
             behavior, and sexual trauma were measured. Sexual trauma and
             demographic variables were entered into a multivariate
             binomial logistic regression model predicting
             depression.<h4>Findings</h4>Overall, 27% of participants had
             moderate-to-severe depression. The most commonly endorsed
             items were anhedonia (lack of interest/pleasure) and low
             mood, which were reported by 78% of participants. Thoughts
             of suicide or self-harm were endorsed by 17% of
             participants. Coerced/forced first sex was reported by 42%
             of participants. Participants reporting coerced/forced first
             sex had 3.16 times the likelihood of moderate-to-severe
             depression.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Depression and coerced/forced
             sex were common among participants in an HIV-prevention mock
             clinical trial in Tanzania. When enrolling adolescent girls
             and young women in HIV-prevention trials in sub-Saharan
             Africa, our research suggests the need for a trauma-informed
             approach, referrals for trauma and depression, and
             interventions that address the impact of depression and
             trauma on HIV prevention, clinical trial adherence, and
             clinical outcomes.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s10995-020-02888-5},
   Key = {fds357458}
}

@article{fds357459,
   Author = {Cherenack, EM and Rubli, J and Dow, DE and Sikkema,
             KJ},
   Title = {Sexual Risk Behaviors and Menstrual and Intravaginal
             Practices Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in
             Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional, School-Based
             Study},
   Journal = {International Journal of Sexual Health},
   Volume = {32},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {394-407},
   Year = {2020},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2020.1821861},
   Abstract = {Objectives: Objectives were to describe menstrual and
             intravaginal practices and sexual risk behaviors among
             adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Tanzania.
             Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in secondary
             schools in Tanzania. Data on menstrual practices (e.g.,
             product use), intravaginal practices (e.g., douching), and
             sexual risk were analyzed using chi-square and loglinear
             analyses. Results: Menstrual risk practices were common.
             Sexual risk behaviors and intravaginal practices were high
             among AGYW reporting sexual debut. Conclusions: High levels
             of menstrual, intravaginal, and sexual risk practices
             highlight the need to improve menstrual, sexual, and
             intravaginal practices, particularly among sexually active
             AGYW.},
   Doi = {10.1080/19317611.2020.1821861},
   Key = {fds357459}
}

@article{fds332042,
   Author = {Cherenack, EM and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Hansen, NB and Wilson,
             PA},
   Title = {Avoidant Coping Mediates the Relationship Between
             Self-Efficacy for HIV Disclosure and Depression Symptoms
             Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Newly Diagnosed with
             HIV.},
   Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
   Volume = {22},
   Number = {10},
   Pages = {3130-3140},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {October},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2036-2},
   Abstract = {HIV diagnosis presents a critical opportunity to reduce
             secondary transmission, improve engagement in care, and
             enhance overall well-being. To develop relevant
             interventions, research is needed on the psychosocial
             experiences of newly diagnosed individuals. This study
             examined avoidant coping, self-efficacy for HIV disclosure
             decisions, and depression among 92 newly diagnosed men who
             have sex with men who reported recent sexual risk behavior.
             It was hypothesized that avoidant coping would mediate the
             relationship between self-efficacy and depression.
             Cross-sectional surveys were collected from participants
             3 months after HIV diagnosis. To test for mediation,
             multiple linear regressions were conducted while controlling
             for HIV disclosure to sexual partners. Self-efficacy for HIV
             disclosure decisions showed a negative linear relationship
             to depression symptoms, and 99% of this relationship was
             mediated by avoidant coping. The index of mediation of
             self-efficacy on depression indicated a small-to-medium
             effect. Higher self-efficacy was related to less avoidant
             coping, and less avoidant coping was related to decreased
             depression symptoms, all else held constant. These findings
             highlight the role of avoidant coping in explaining the
             relationship between self-efficacy for HIV disclosure
             decisions and depression.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s10461-018-2036-2},
   Key = {fds332042}
}

@article{fds331648,
   Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Mulawa, MI and Robertson, C and Watt, MH and Ciya, N and Stein, DJ and Cherenack, EM and Choi, KW and Kombora, M and Joska,
             JA},
   Title = {Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT): Pilot Outcomes of
             a Coping intervention Among HIV-Infected Women with Sexual
             Trauma in South Africa.},
   Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
   Volume = {22},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {1039-1052},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-2013-1},
   Abstract = {Improving AIDS Care after Trauma (ImpACT), a coping
             intervention for HIV-infected women with sexual abuse
             histories, was evaluated for feasibility and potential
             efficacy in a public clinic in Cape Town, South Africa.
             Sixty-four participants were enrolled prior to starting
             antiretroviral therapy (ART). After completing baseline
             assessments, participants were randomly assigned to standard
             of care (SoC: three adherence counseling sessions) or ImpACT
             (SoC plus four individual and three group sessions).
             Participants completed assessments at 3 months (after
             individual sessions) and 6 months post-baseline. In
             exploratory analysis of primary outcomes, ImpACT
             participants, compared to SoC, reported greater reductions
             in avoidance and arousal symptoms of PTSD and greater
             increases in ART adherence motivation at 3 months.
             Clinically significant decreases in overall PTSD symptoms
             were also demonstrated at 3 months. These effects continued
             as trends at the 6-month assessment, in addition to
             increases in social/spiritual coping. In analysis of
             secondary outcomes, high levels of non-adherence to ART and
             poor care engagement were evident at 6 months, with no
             differences between study arms. A trauma-focused,
             culturally-adapted individual intervention delivered by a
             non-specialist in the HIV care setting is feasible and
             acceptable. Preliminary findings suggest ImpACT has
             potential to reduce PTSD symptoms and increase ART adherence
             motivation, but a more intensive intervention may be needed
             to improve and maintain care engagement among this
             population.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov
             NCT02223390.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s10461-017-2013-1},
   Key = {fds331648}
}

@article{fds335641,
   Author = {Carrico, AW and Cherenack, EM and Roach, ME and Riley, ED and Oni, O and Dilworth, SE and Shoptaw, S and Hunt, P and Roy, S and Pallikkuth, S and Pahwa, S},
   Title = {Substance-associated elevations in monocyte activation among
             methamphetamine users with treated HIV infection.},
   Journal = {Aids},
   Volume = {32},
   Number = {6},
   Pages = {767-771},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000001751},
   Abstract = {OBJECTIVE:Microbial translocation and monocyte activation
             predict mortality in treated HIV. We examined whether
             substance use independently contributes to these
             pathophysiologic processes. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study at
             baseline for a randomized controlled trial.
             METHODS:HIV-positive, methamphetamine-using MSM with
             undetectable HIV viral load (less than 40 copies/ml) were
             enrolled. We examined if plasma biomarkers of monocyte
             activation and intestinal barrier integrity were associated
             with the following: reactive urine toxicology results (Tox+)
             for stimulants (i.e., methamphetamine or cocaine) and
             substance use severity measured by the Addiction Severity
             Index. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for age,
             antiretroviral therapy regimen, CD4 T-cell count,
             interleukin-6, and alcohol use severity. RESULTS:The sample
             of 84 virally suppressed MSM had a median CD4 T-cell count
             of 645 cells/μl. Those who were Tox+ for stimulants
             displayed higher soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels (2087 versus
             1801 ng/ml; P = 0.009), and this difference remained
             significant after adjusting for covariates (standardized
             beta = 0.23, P = 0.026). Greater substance use
             severity was also independently associated with higher sCD14
             after adjusting for covariates (standardized
             beta = 0.29, P = 0.013). Being Tox+ for stimulants
             and substance use severity were not associated with soluble
             CD163 (sCD163) or intestinal fatty acid binding protein
             (iFABP) levels (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Monocyte
             activation is one plausible mechanism by which stimulant use
             may increase clinical HIV progression.},
   Doi = {10.1097/qad.0000000000001751},
   Key = {fds335641}
}

@article{fds330403,
   Author = {Wilson, PA and Cherenack, EM and Jadwin-Cakmak, L and Harper, GW and Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS
             Interventions},
   Title = {Selection and Evaluation of Media for Behavioral Health
             Interventions Employing Critical Media Analysis.},
   Journal = {Health Promotion Practice},
   Volume = {19},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {145-156},
   Year = {2018},
   Month = {January},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839917711384},
   Abstract = {Although a growing number of psychosocial health promotion
             interventions use the critical analysis of media to
             facilitate behavior change, no specific guidelines exist to
             assist researchers and practitioners in the selection and
             evaluation of culturally relevant media stimuli for
             intervention development. Mobilizing Our Voices for
             Empowerment is a critical consciousness-based health
             enhancement intervention for HIV-positive Black young
             gay/bisexual men that employs the critical analysis of
             popular media. In the process of developing and testing this
             intervention, feedback on media stimuli was collected from
             youth advisory board members (n = 8), focus group
             participants (n = 19), intervention participants (n = 40),
             and intervention facilitators (n = 6). A thematic analysis
             of qualitative data resulted in the identification of four
             key attributes of media stimuli and participants' responses
             to media stimuli that are important to consider when
             selecting and evaluating media stimuli for use in behavioral
             health interventions employing the critical analysis of
             media: comprehension, relevance, emotionality, and action.
             These four attributes are defined and presented as a
             framework for evaluating media, and adaptable tools are
             provided based on this framework to guide researchers and
             practitioners in the selection and evaluation of media for
             similar interventions.},
   Doi = {10.1177/1524839917711384},
   Key = {fds330403}
}

@article{fds318680,
   Author = {Cherenack, EM and Wilson, PA and Kreuzman, AM and Price, GN and Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS
             Interventions},
   Title = {The Feasibility and Acceptability of Using Technology-Based
             Daily Diaries with HIV-Infected Young Men Who have Sex with
             Men: A Comparison of Internet and Voice Modalities.},
   Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
   Volume = {20},
   Number = {8},
   Pages = {1744-1753},
   Year = {2016},
   Month = {August},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1302-4},
   Abstract = {This study delivered a daily diary to 67 HIV-infected men
             who have sex with men (MSM) between 16 and 24 years old for
             66 days to measure HIV-risk behaviors and other
             psychosocial variables via two diary modalities: internet
             (accessible via any web-enabled device) and voice
             (accessible via telephone). Participants were randomized to
             complete one diary modality for 33 days before switching to
             the second modality for 33 days. The study was implemented
             in three urban HIV health care centers in the United States
             where participants were receiving services. Through diary
             data and qualitative interview data, we examined the
             feasibility and acceptability of the dairies and identified
             barriers and facilitators of dairy compliance. Results show
             high participant retention in the daily diary (93.4 %) and
             high compliance for the number of dairies completed
             (72.4 %). Internet diaries were preferred by 92 % of
             participants and completed at a significantly higher rate
             (77.5 %) than voice diaries (67.7 %). Facilitators
             included opportunities for self-reflection and cathartic
             sharing, monetary compensation, relationships with study
             staff, and daily reminders. Barriers included being busy or
             not having privacy at the time of reminders, forgetting, and
             falling asleep. Participants also described barriers and
             facilitators unique to each modality. Overall, both
             modalities were feasible and acceptable for use with our
             sample of HIV-infected MSM.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s10461-016-1302-4},
   Key = {fds318680}
}

@article{fds318681,
   Author = {Wilson, PA and Meyer, IH and Antebi-Gruszka, N and Boone, MR and Cook,
             SH and Cherenack, EM},
   Title = {Profiles of Resilience and Psychosocial Outcomes among Young
             Black Gay and Bisexual Men.},
   Journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology},
   Volume = {57},
   Number = {1-2},
   Pages = {144-157},
   Year = {2016},
   Month = {March},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12018},
   Abstract = {Young Black gay/bisexual men (YBGBM) are affected by
             contextual stressors-namely syndemic conditions and minority
             stress-that threaten their health and well-being. Resilience
             is a process through which YBGBM achieve positive
             psychosocial outcomes in the face of adverse conditions.
             Self-efficacy, hardiness and adaptive coping, and social
             support may be important resilience factors for YBGBM. This
             study explores different profiles of these resilience
             factors in 228 YBGBM in New York City and compares profiles
             on psychological distress, mental health, and other
             psychosocial factors. Four profiles of resilience were
             identified: (a) Low self-efficacy and hardiness/adaptive
             coping (23.5%); (b) Low peer and parental support (21.2%);
             (c) High peer support, low father support (34.5%); and (d)
             High father and mother support, self-efficacy, and
             hardiness/adaptive coping (20.8%). YBGBM in profile 1 scored
             markedly higher on distress (d = .74) and lower on mental
             health functioning (d = .93) compared to men in the other
             profiles. Results suggest that self-efficacy and
             hardiness/adaptive coping may play a more important role in
             protecting YBGBM from risks compared to social support and
             should be targeted in interventions. The findings show that
             resilience is a multidimensional construct and support the
             notion that there are different patterns of resilience among
             YBGBM.},
   Doi = {10.1002/ajcp.12018},
   Key = {fds318681}
}

@article{fds318682,
   Author = {Boone, MR and Cherenack, EM and Wilson, PA and ATN 086/106 Protocol
             Team},
   Title = {Self-Efficacy for Sexual Risk Reduction and Partner HIV
             Status as Correlates of Sexual Risk Behavior Among
             HIV-Positive Adolescent Girls and Women.},
   Journal = {Aids Patient Care and Stds},
   Volume = {29},
   Number = {6},
   Pages = {346-353},
   Year = {2015},
   Month = {June},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0175},
   Abstract = {Little is known about the correlates of sexual risk behavior
             among HIV-positive adolescent girls and women in the United
             States. This study investigates two potential factors
             related to unprotected vaginal and anal intercourse (UVAI)
             that have yet to be thoroughly studied in this group:
             self-efficacy for sexual risk reduction and partner HIV
             status. Data was analyzed from 331 HIV-positive adolescent
             girls and women between 12 and 24 years old who reported
             vaginal and/or anal intercourse with a male partner in the
             past 3 months at fifteen sites across the United States.
             Results show that overall self-efficacy (B=-0.15, p=0.01),
             self-efficacy to discuss safe sex with one's partner
             (B=-0.14, p=0.01), and self-efficacy to refuse unsafe sex
             (B=-0.21, p=0.01) are related to UVAI episodes. Participants
             with only HIV-positive partners or with both HIV-positive
             and HIV-negative partners showed a trend towards higher
             percentages of UVAI episodes compared to participants with
             only HIV-negative partners (F(2, 319)=2.80, p=0.06). These
             findings point to the importance of including self-efficacy
             and partner HIV status in risk-reduction research and
             interventions developed for HIV-positive adolescent girls
             and young women.},
   Doi = {10.1089/apc.2014.0175},
   Key = {fds318682}
}

@article{fds318683,
   Author = {Wilson, PA and Nanin, J and Amesty, S and Wallace, S and Cherenack, EM and Fullilove, R},
   Title = {Using syndemic theory to understand vulnerability to HIV
             infection among Black and Latino men in New York
             City.},
   Journal = {Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy
             of Medicine},
   Volume = {91},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {983-998},
   Year = {2014},
   Month = {October},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9895-2},
   Abstract = {HIV is a public health crisis that disproportionately
             affects Black and Latino men. To understand this crisis,
             syndemic theory, which takes into account multiple
             interrelated epidemics, should be used. A syndemic is "two
             or more afflictions, interacting synergistically,
             contributing to excess burden of disease in a population."
             Vulnerability to HIV among Black and Latino men is increased
             as structural, social, and biological factors interact in
             the context of social marginalization. In New York City,
             Black and Latino men experience a syndemic of HIV/AIDS,
             substance abuse, trauma, incarceration, and poverty;
             however, current research has yet to fully identify the
             mechanisms of resilience that may reduce the negative impact
             of a syndemic or explore the potential adaptive functions of
             individual-level risk behaviors. To understand HIV risk as
             part of a syndemic and address HIV prevention in Black and
             Latino men, we propose the following: (1) the use of complex
             systems analysis, ethnography, and other mixed-methods
             approaches to observe changes in relations among social
             conditions and disease; (2) multidisciplinary and
             inter-institution collaboration; and (3) involvement of
             public health practitioners and researchers from diverse and
             underrepresented backgrounds.},
   Doi = {10.1007/s11524-014-9895-2},
   Key = {fds318683}
}