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| Publications of Kathleen J. Sikkema :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds349548,
Author = {Joska, JA and Andersen, L and Rabie, S and Marais, A and Ndwandwa, E-S and Wilson, P and King, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {COVID-19: Increased Risk to the Mental Health and Safety of
Women Living with HIV in South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Year = {2020},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02897-z},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-020-02897-z},
Key = {fds349548}
}
@article{fds348727,
Author = {Kohrt, BA and Turner, EL and Rai, S and Bhardwaj, A and Sikkema, KJ and Adelekun, A and Dhakal, M and Luitel, NP and Lund, C and Patel, V and Jordans, MJD},
Title = {Reducing mental illness stigma in healthcare settings: Proof
of concept for a social contact intervention to address what
matters most for primary care providers.},
Journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
Volume = {250},
Pages = {112852},
Year = {2020},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112852},
Abstract = {Initiatives for integration of mental health services into
primary care are underway through the World Health
Organization's mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP)
and related endeavors. However, primary healthcare
providers' stigma against persons with mental illness is a
barrier to success of these programs. Therefore,
interventions are needed to reduce stigma among primary
healthcare providers. We developed REducing Stigma among
HealthcAre ProvidErs (RESHAPE), a theoretically-grounded
intervention that draws upon the medical anthropology
conceptual framework of "what matters most." RESHAPE
addresses three domains of threats to what matters most:
survival, social, and professional. In a proof-of-concept
study, mental health service users and aspirational
healthcare providers (primary healthcare providers actively
incorporating mental health services) were trained to
co-facilitate the RESHAPE intervention embedded within mhGAP
training in Nepal. Two trainings with the RESHAPE
anti-stigma component were held with 41 primary healthcare
providers in Nepal. Evaluation of the training included four
focus groups and 25 key informant interviews. Stigmatizing
attitudes and role play-based clinical competency, assessed
with the ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic factors
tool (ENACT), were evaluated pre-training and followed-up at
four and 16 months. The study was conducted from February
2016 through June 2017. In qualitative interviews, primary
healthcare providers described changes in perceptions of
violence (survival threats) and the ability to treat mental
illness effectively (professional threats). Willingness to
interact with a person with mental illness increased from
54% pre-training to 81% at 16 months. Observed clinical
competency increased from 49% pre-training to 93% at
16-months. This proof-of-concept study supports reducing
stigma by addressing what matters most to healthcare
providers, predominantly through mitigating survival and
professional threats. Additional efforts are needed to
address social threats. These findings support further
exploration of service user and aspirational figure
involvement in mhGAP trainings based on a "what matters
most" conceptual framework.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112852},
Key = {fds348727}
}
@article{fds348069,
Author = {Knettel, BA and Robertson, C and Ciya, N and Coleman, JN and Elliott,
SA and Joska, JA and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {"I cannot change what happened to me, but I can learn to
change how I feel": A case study from ImpACT, an
intervention for women with a history of sexual trauma who
are living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa.},
Journal = {Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pst0000263},
Abstract = {Sexual trauma is highly prevalent among women living with
HIV in South Africa, and there is a great need for
psychotherapeutic interventions to address these concerns.
Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT) is a manualized
intervention, based on stress and coping theories, that
builds skills for coping with sexual trauma and HIV to
promote long-term HIV care engagement. Using qualitative
case study methodology, we report the case of Xoliswa, a
34-year-old woman with a complex history of sexual trauma
and alcohol use who was diagnosed with HIV 1 year prior to
enrollment in ImpACT. The interventionist, a lay counselor,
worked with Xoliswa in a primary care clinic to address her
concerns by exploring personal values, managing barriers to
HIV care, and teaching active coping. Xoliswa's drinking
reduced, symptoms of trauma and depression improved, and she
maintained strong HIV care engagement. The interventionist
experienced stress and emotional challenges in delivering
ImpACT to Xoliswa and other highly traumatized women, and
the interventionist's skill development and support received
through training and supervision are briefly discussed. The
case demonstrates the feasibility of ImpACT in a
resource-limited setting and highlights themes and barriers
in therapy, which can inform future interventions for women
living with HIV. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all
rights reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/pst0000263},
Key = {fds348069}
}
@article{fds346465,
Author = {Olson, B and Vincent, W and Meyer, JP and Kershaw, T and Sikkema, KJ and Heckman, TG and Hansen, NB},
Title = {Depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and health-related
quality of life among older adults with HIV.},
Journal = {Quality of Life Research},
Volume = {28},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3313-3322},
Year = {2019},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02271-0},
Abstract = {PURPOSE:In the United States, approximately 45% of persons
living with HIV (PLHIV) are ≥ 50 years of age. Many
older PLHIV have multi-morbidities that complicate HIV
infection and/or interfere with, or are exacerbated by,
antiretroviral treatment. Physical health symptoms and
psychiatric disorders, particularly depression, can worsen
life quality in older PLHIV. METHODS:This study assessed
associations among physical symptoms, indicators of
HIV-related health status (i.e., time since diagnosis; ever
diagnosed with AIDS; having attained viral suppression),
depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life
(HRQoL) in older PLHIV. Regression analyses examined data
from 296 PLHIV ≥ 50 years of age living in Cincinnati,
OH, Columbus, OH, and New York City. RESULTS:Depressive
symptoms and physical symptoms, particularly those related
to appearance and sexual functioning, most strongly
predicted HRQoL. Indicators of HIV health status did not
significantly predict HRQoL. Depressive symptoms were a
particularly robust predictor of HRQoL, even when accounting
for physical health symptoms. CONCLUSION:Findings suggest
that symptom management is critical to HRQoL in older PLHIV,
and symptoms related to physical appearance and sexual
functioning should not be overlooked in this growing
population.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11136-019-02271-0},
Key = {fds346465}
}
@article{fds341893,
Author = {Knettel, BA and Mulawa, MI and Knippler, ET and Ciya, N and Robertson,
C and Joska, JA and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Women's perspectives on ImpACT: a coping intervention to
address sexual trauma and improve HIV care engagement in
Cape Town, South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {31},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1389-1396},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2019.1587368},
Abstract = {HIV-infected women who have experienced sexual violence face
unique challenges in their HIV care engagement and adherence
to antiretroviral medications (ARVs). Improving AIDS Care
after Trauma (ImpACT) is a brief counseling intervention
aimed at reducing the negative impact of sexual trauma and
HIV, building coping skills, and improving long-term HIV
care engagement. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot
trial of ImpACT with 64 women initiating ARVs in Cape Town,
South Africa, with results suggesting the intervention can
reduce PTSD symptoms and increase motivation to adhere to
ARVs. For the current study, we abstracted data from ImpACT
worksheets completed by 31 participants during intervention
sessions, and qualitative responses from post-intervention
surveys, to examine mechanisms, facilitators, and barriers
to change in the intervention. Data included participant
descriptions of the values informing their care, barriers to
participation, and perceived benefits of the intervention
related to coping with trauma and improving care engagement.
During the first session, women reported feelings of shame,
sadness, and anger that led to social isolation, mistrust,
and damaged relationships. Barriers to participation
included work and school demands, issues with
transportation, finances, and discomfort in talking about
HIV and trauma, particularly in group sessions. Despite
these challenges, several women stated they developed more
positive thinking, felt more confident, and improved their
interpersonal relationships. Participants also reported
substantial positive impact on symptoms of sexual trauma and
motivation to continue with long-term HIV care, and clearer
understanding of barriers and facilitators to ARV adherence.
ImpACT is a promising intervention model for building
adaptive coping skills and adherence to HIV treatment,
informed by personal values, among women with a history of
trauma in this high-risk setting. The data also offer
insights into strategies to strengthen the intervention,
overcome barriers to participation, encourage the practical
application of skills, and promote long-term HIV care
engagement.},
Doi = {10.1080/09540121.2019.1587368},
Key = {fds341893}
}
@article{fds333641,
Author = {Choi, KW and Houts, R and Arseneault, L and Pariante, C and Sikkema, KJ and Moffitt, TE},
Title = {Maternal depression in the intergenerational transmission of
childhood maltreatment and its sequelae: Testing postpartum
effects in a longitudinal birth cohort.},
Journal = {Development and Psychopathology},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {143-156},
Year = {2019},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000032},
Abstract = {Mothers who have experienced childhood maltreatment are more
likely to have children also exposed to maltreatment, a
phenomenon known as intergenerational transmission. Factors
in the perinatal period may contribute uniquely to this
transmission, but timing effects have not been ascertained.
Using structural equation modeling with 1,016 mothers and
their 2,032 children in the Environmental Risk Longitudinal
Twin Study, we tested the mediating role of postpartum
depression between maternal childhood maltreatment and a
cascade of negative child outcomes, specifically child
exposure to maltreatment, internalizing symptoms, and
externalizing symptoms: (a) adjusting for later maternal
depression, (b) comparing across sex differences, and (c)
examining the relative role of maltreatment subtypes.
Mothers who had been maltreated as children, especially
those who had experienced emotional or sexual abuse, were at
increased risk for postpartum depression. In turn,
postpartum depression predicted children's exposure to
maltreatment, followed by emotional and behavioral problems.
Indirect effects from maternal childhood maltreatment to
child outcomes were robust across child sex and supported
significant mediation through postpartum depression;
however, this appeared to be carried by mothers' depression
beyond the postpartum period. Identifying and treating
postpartum depression, and preventing its recurrence, may
help interrupt the intergenerational transmission of
maltreatment and its sequelae.},
Doi = {10.1017/s0954579418000032},
Key = {fds333641}
}
@article{fds349123,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Coleman, JN},
Title = {Psychotherapy for PTSD and stress disorders},
Pages = {193-222},
Booktitle = {Global Mental Health and Psychotherapy: Adapting
Psychotherapy for Low- and Middle-Income
Countries},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780128149331},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814932-4.00009-4},
Abstract = {© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. LMIC are affected
by serious issues that contribute to the development of
traumatic stress, such as war and conflict, internal
displacement, poverty, food insecurity, and disease.
Evidence-based psychological treatments for PTSD have been
developed and tested in high-income countries, but less
research has been conducted in LMIC to examine if similar
treatments for PTSD are efficacious in various cultural
contexts and within a range of delivery settings. In this
chapter, we review psychological interventions for PTSD and
stress disorders that have been evaluated in LMIC, provide
an overview of their efficacy, synthesize the strengths and
weaknesses of empirical work to date, and discuss future
directions for research and treatment implementation.
Resulting studies were organized by population stressor into
the following sections: (American Psychiatric Association,
2013) conflict and violence, (Scott, Koenen,
Aguilar-Gaxiola, et al., 2013) natural disasters, and
(Turner & Lloyd, 1995) gender-based violence, including
comorbid medical conditions. Existing interventions have
several methodological strengths, such as numerous studies
utilizing empirically supported approaches, group-based
intervention structures, and delivery by nonspecialists in
mental health (e.g., lay counselors or community health
workers). The treatments evaluated are on a continuum of
traditions from those in the CBT framework such as TF-CBT
and NET to broader psychological treatments such as
problem-solving, IPT, and BA. A limitation is that trials
have largely compared treatments with a wait list control,
no-treatment control, or treatment-as-usual condition.
Therefore, for many PTSD trials, the extent of the effect
attributable to treatment is not clear. Future directions
should include testing mechanisms of change in treatment,
developing brief and scalable interventions that have been
culturally tailored, and using attention-matched control
comparisons to elucidate effective treatment
components.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-814932-4.00009-4},
Key = {fds349123}
}
@article{fds338004,
Author = {Watt, MH and Knippler, ET and Knettel, BA and Sikkema, KJ and Ciya, N and Myer, L and Joska, JA},
Title = {HIV Disclosure Among Pregnant Women Initiating ART in Cape
Town, South Africa: Qualitative Perspectives During the
Pregnancy and Postpartum Periods.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {22},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3945-3956},
Year = {2018},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2272-5},
Abstract = {For women enrolled in prevention of mother-to-child
transmission (PMTCT) programs, non-disclosure of their HIV
status can be a significant barrier to sustained HIV care
engagement. To explore decision-making surrounding HIV
disclosure among HIV-infected pregnant women, we conducted
repeated in-depth interviews during pregnancy and postpartum
with 20 women recruited from a PMTCT clinic in Cape Town,
South Africa. Three domains were examined using thematic
analysis: (1) disclosure experiences, (2) challenges
associated with partner disclosure, and (3) implications of
nondisclosure. All women had disclosed to someone by the
time of the baby's birth, typically limiting their
disclosure to trusted individuals. Only half of participants
disclosed to the father of the child. Nondisclosure,
particularly to partners, was a significant source of worry
and stress. Women used pregnancy as an explanation for using
medication and attending frequent clinic appointments, and
recognized impending challenges in the postpartum period
when this excuse would no longer apply. Results suggest that
PMTCT programs have a key role to play in helping
individuals to make decisions about HIV disclosure, and
assisting patients to navigate the disclosure process,
especially with partners.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-018-2272-5},
Key = {fds338004}
}
@article{fds338003,
Author = {Fletcher, OV and May, PA and Seedat, S and Sikkema, KJ and Watt,
MH},
Title = {Attitudes toward alcohol use during pregnancy among women
recruited from alcohol-serving venues in Cape Town, South
Africa: A mixed-methods study.},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {215},
Pages = {98-106},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.008},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:The Western Cape Province of South Africa has one
of the highest rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
(FASD) globally. Effective prevention of FASD requires
understanding women's attitudes about alcohol use during
pregnancy and whether these attitudes translate into
behavior. OBJECTIVE:The goal of this mixed-methods study was
to describe attitudes toward alcohol use during pregnancy
and examine how these attitudes influence drinking behaviors
during pregnancy. METHOD:Over a five month period, 200 women
were recruited from alcohol-serving venues in a township in
Cape Town; a sub-set of 23 also completed in-depth
interviews. Potential gaps between attitudes and behavior
were described, and logistic regression models examined
predictors of harmful attitudes toward alcohol use during
pregnancy. Interviews were reviewed and coded for emergent
themes. RESULTS:Most women (n = 176) reported at least
one pregnancy. Among these, the majority (83%) had positive
preventive attitudes, but more than half of these still
reported alcohol use during a previous pregnancy. The
strongest predictors of harmful attitudes were a history of
physical or sexual abuse and drinking during a previous
pregnancy. Qualitative analysis revealed several themes that
contributed to alcohol use during pregnancy: 1) having an
unplanned pregnancy; 2) drinking because of stress or to
cope with abuse/trauma; 3) reliance on the venue for
support; 4) socialization; and 5) feelings of invincibility.
CONCLUSIONS:The findings highlight an attitude-behavior gap
and suggest that positive preventive attitudes are
insufficient to elicit FASD preventive behavior.
Interventions are needed that go beyond education to build
intrinsic motivation and structural support to refrain from
alcohol use during pregnancy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.008},
Key = {fds338003}
}
@article{fds332047,
Author = {Cherenack, EM and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Hansen, NB and Wilson,
PA},
Title = {Avoidant Coping Mediates the Relationship Between
Self-Efficacy for HIV Disclosure and Depression Symptoms
Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Newly Diagnosed with
HIV.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {22},
Number = {10},
Pages = {3130-3140},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2036-2},
Abstract = {HIV diagnosis presents a critical opportunity to reduce
secondary transmission, improve engagement in care, and
enhance overall well-being. To develop relevant
interventions, research is needed on the psychosocial
experiences of newly diagnosed individuals. This study
examined avoidant coping, self-efficacy for HIV disclosure
decisions, and depression among 92 newly diagnosed men who
have sex with men who reported recent sexual risk behavior.
It was hypothesized that avoidant coping would mediate the
relationship between self-efficacy and depression.
Cross-sectional surveys were collected from participants
3 months after HIV diagnosis. To test for mediation,
multiple linear regressions were conducted while controlling
for HIV disclosure to sexual partners. Self-efficacy for HIV
disclosure decisions showed a negative linear relationship
to depression symptoms, and 99% of this relationship was
mediated by avoidant coping. The index of mediation of
self-efficacy on depression indicated a small-to-medium
effect. Higher self-efficacy was related to less avoidant
coping, and less avoidant coping was related to decreased
depression symptoms, all else held constant. These findings
highlight the role of avoidant coping in explaining the
relationship between self-efficacy for HIV disclosure
decisions and depression.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-018-2036-2},
Key = {fds332047}
}
@article{fds333505,
Author = {Weisburd, D and Cave, B and Nelson, M and White, C and Haviland, A and Ready, J and Lawton, B and Sikkema, K},
Title = {Mean Streets and Mental Health: Depression and
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder at Crime Hot
Spots.},
Journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {285-295},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12232},
Abstract = {This study explores the relationship between mental health
and place at microgeographic units of analysis. We examine
self-reported symptomology for depression and PTSD for 2,724
survey respondents interviewed in three types of randomly
selected street segments: violent crime hot spots, cool
spots, and cold spots. We find that the mean symptomology
score is 61% higher for depression in violent crime hot
spots than cold spots, and 85% higher for PTSD. Overall, we
estimate that 14.8% of residents of violent crime hot spots
meet thresholds for moderate depression or a diagnosis of
PTSD. This can be compared to only 6.5% of residents at the
cold spots. Using PSM and weighted negative binomial
regression approaches we show that observable selection
factors are not responsible for the relationships
identified. Examining geographic influences, we find an
important area effect of violent crime for both mental
health measures, and an additional impact of the specific
street of residence for PTSD.},
Doi = {10.1002/ajcp.12232},
Key = {fds333505}
}
@article{fds336553,
Author = {Rai, S and Gurung, D and Kaiser, BN and Sikkema, KJ and Dhakal, M and Bhardwaj, A and Tergesen, C and Kohrt, BA},
Title = {A service user co-facilitated intervention to reduce mental
illness stigma among primary healthcare workers: Utilizing
perspectives of family members and caregivers.},
Journal = {Fam Syst Health},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-209},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fsh0000338},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Service users' involvement as cofacilitators
of mental health trainings is a nascent endeavor in low- and
middle-income countries, and the role of families on service
user participation in trainings has received limited
attention. This study examined how caregivers perceive and
facilitate service user's involvement in an antistigma
program that was added to mental health Gap Action Program
(mhGAP) trainings for primary care workers in Nepal. METHOD:
Service users were trained as cofacilitators for antistigma
and mhGAP trainings delivered to primary care workers
through the REducing Stigma among HealthcAre ProvidErs
(RESHAPE) program. Key informant interviews (n = 17) were
conducted with caregivers and service users in RESHAPE.
RESULTS: Five themes emerged: (a) Caregivers' perceived
benefits of service user involvement included reduced
caregiver burden, learning new skills, and opportunities to
develop support groups. (b) Caregivers' fear of worsening
stigma impeded RESHAPE participation. (c) Lack of trust
between caregivers and service users jeopardized
participation, but it could be mitigated through family
engagement with health workers. (d) Orientation provided to
caregivers regarding RESHAPE needed greater attention, and
when information was provided, it contributed to stigma
reduction in families. (e) Time management impacted
caregivers' ability to facilitate service user
participation. DISCUSSION: Engagement with families allows
for greater identification of motivational factors and
barriers impacting optimal program performance. Caregiver
involvement in all program elements should be considered
best practice for service user-facilitated antistigma
initiatives, and service users reluctant to include
caregivers should be provided with health staff support to
address barriers to including family. (PsycINFO Database
Record},
Doi = {10.1037/fsh0000338},
Key = {fds336553}
}
@article{fds333642,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Choi, KW and Robertson, C and Knettel, BA and Ciya, N and Knippler, ET and Watt, MH and Joska, JA},
Title = {Development of a coping intervention to improve traumatic
stress and HIV care engagement among South African women
with sexual trauma histories.},
Journal = {Evaluation and Program Planning},
Volume = {68},
Pages = {148-156},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2018.02.007},
Abstract = {This paper describes the development and preliminary trial
run of ImpACT (Improving AIDS Care after Trauma), a brief
coping intervention to address traumatic stress and HIV care
engagement among South African women with sexual trauma
histories. We engaged in an iterative process to culturally
adapt a cognitive-behavioral intervention for delivery
within a South African primary care clinic. This process
involved three phases: (a) preliminary intervention
development, drawing on content from a prior evidence-based
intervention; (b) contextual adaptation of the curriculum
through formative data collection using a multi-method
qualitative approach; and (c) pre-testing of trauma
screening procedures and a subsequent trial run of the
intervention. Feedback from key informant interviews and
patient in-depth interviews guided the refinement of session
content and adaptation of key intervention elements,
including culturally relevant visuals, metaphors, and
interactive exercises. The trial run curriculum consisted of
four individual sessions and two group sessions. Strong
session attendance during the trial run supported the
feasibility of ImpACT. Participants responded positively to
the logistics of the intervention delivery and the majority
of session content. Trial run feedback helped to further
refine intervention content and delivery towards a pilot
randomized clinical trial to assess the feasibility and
potential efficacy of this intervention.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2018.02.007},
Key = {fds333642}
}
@article{fds328948,
Author = {Skalski, LM and Towe, SL and Sikkema, KJ and Meade,
CS},
Title = {Memory Impairment in HIV-Infected Individuals with Early and
Late Initiation of Regular Marijuana Use.},
Journal = {Aids Behav},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1596-1605},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1898-z},
Abstract = {Marijuana use is disproportionately prevalent among
HIV-infected individuals. The strongest neurocognitive
effect of marijuana use is impairment in the domain of
memory. Memory impairment is also high among HIV-infected
persons. The present study examined 69 HIV-infected
individuals who were stratified by age of regular marijuana
initiation to investigate how marijuana use impacts
neurocognitive functioning. A comprehensive battery assessed
substance use and neurocognitive functioning. Findings
indicated early onset marijuana users (regular use prior to
age 18), compared to non-marijuana users and late onset
marijuana users (regular use at age 18 or later), were over
8 times more likely to have learning impairment and nearly 4
times more likely to have memory impairment. A similar
pattern of early onset marijuana users performing worse in
learning emerged when examining domain deficit scores. The
potential for early onset of regular marijuana use to
exacerbate already high levels of memory impairment among
HIV-infected persons has important clinical implications,
including increased potential for medication non-adherence
and difficulty with independent living.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-017-1898-z},
Key = {fds328948}
}
@article{fds331544,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Mulawa, MI and Robertson, C and Watt, MH and Ciya, N and Stein, DJ and Cherenack, EM and Choi, KW and Kombora, M and Joska,
JA},
Title = {Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT): Pilot Outcomes of
a Coping intervention Among HIV-Infected Women with Sexual
Trauma in South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {1039-1052},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-2013-1},
Abstract = {Improving AIDS Care after Trauma (ImpACT), a coping
intervention for HIV-infected women with sexual abuse
histories, was evaluated for feasibility and potential
efficacy in a public clinic in Cape Town, South Africa.
Sixty-four participants were enrolled prior to starting
antiretroviral therapy (ART). After completing baseline
assessments, participants were randomly assigned to standard
of care (SoC: three adherence counseling sessions) or ImpACT
(SoC plus four individual and three group sessions).
Participants completed assessments at 3 months (after
individual sessions) and 6 months post-baseline. In
exploratory analysis of primary outcomes, ImpACT
participants, compared to SoC, reported greater reductions
in avoidance and arousal symptoms of PTSD and greater
increases in ART adherence motivation at 3 months.
Clinically significant decreases in overall PTSD symptoms
were also demonstrated at 3 months. These effects continued
as trends at the 6-month assessment, in addition to
increases in social/spiritual coping. In analysis of
secondary outcomes, high levels of non-adherence to ART and
poor care engagement were evident at 6 months, with no
differences between study arms. A trauma-focused,
culturally-adapted individual intervention delivered by a
non-specialist in the HIV care setting is feasible and
acceptable. Preliminary findings suggest ImpACT has
potential to reduce PTSD symptoms and increase ART adherence
motivation, but a more intensive intervention may be needed
to improve and maintain care engagement among this
population. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02223390.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-017-2013-1},
Key = {fds331544}
}
@article{fds333034,
Author = {Mulaudzi, M and Dlamini, BN and Coetzee, J and Sikkema, K and Gray, G and Dietrich, JJ},
Title = {Perceptions of counsellors and youth-serving professionals
about sexual and reproductive health services for
adolescents in Soweto, South Africa.},
Journal = {Reproductive Health},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Pages = {21},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0455-1},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:Adolescents in South Africa remain vulnerable to
HIV. Therefore, it is crucial to provide accessible
adolescent-friendly HIV prevention interventions that are
sensitive to their needs. This study aimed to investigate
the perceptions of HIV counsellors and other youth-serving
professionals about the barriers to providing adolescent
youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services to
adolescents in Soweto, South Africa. The study also explored
how sexual and reproductive health services in South Africa
could be improved to become more accessible to adolescents.
METHODS:The research team conducted two focus group
discussions with HIV counsellors, and 19 semi-structured
interviews with youth-serving professionals from
organisations working with adolescents. Audio-recorded data
were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic
analysis. RESULTS:The results of the study reveal that
counsellors were expected to give adolescents HIV
counselling and testing (HCT) but felt restricted by what
they perceived as inflexible standard operating procedures.
Counsellors reported inadequate training to address
adolescent psychosocial issues during HCT. Healthcare
provider attitudes were perceived as a barrier to
adolescents using sexual and reproductive health services.
Participants strongly recommended augmenting adolescent
sexual and reproductive health services to include
counsellors and adolescents in developing age- and
context-specific HIV prevention services for adolescents.
CONCLUSION:Continuous upskilling of HIV counsellors is a
critical step in providing adolescent-friendly services.
Input from all relevant stakeholders, including counsellors
and adolescents, is essential in designing
adolescent-friendly services.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12978-018-0455-1},
Key = {fds333034}
}
@article{fds333643,
Author = {Kohrt, BA and Jordans, MJD and Turner, EL and Sikkema, KJ and Luitel,
NP and Rai, S and Singla, DR and Lamichhane, J and Lund, C and Patel,
V},
Title = {Reducing stigma among healthcare providers to improve mental
health services (RESHAPE): protocol for a pilot cluster
randomized controlled trial of a stigma reduction
intervention for training primary healthcare workers in
Nepal.},
Journal = {Pilot and Feasibility Studies},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {36},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40814-018-0234-3},
Abstract = {Background: Non-specialist healthcare providers, including
primary and community healthcare workers, in low- and
middle-income countries can effectively treat mental
illness. However, scaling-up mental health services within
existing health systems has been limited by barriers such as
stigma against people with mental illness. Therefore,
interventions are needed to address attitudes and behaviors
among non-specialists. Aimed at addressing this gap,
REducing Stigma among HealthcAre Providers to ImprovE mental
health services (RESHAPE) is an intervention in which social
contact with mental health service users is added to
training for non-specialist healthcare workers integrating
mental health services into primary healthcare. Methods:
This protocol describes a mixed methods pilot and
feasibility study in primary care centers in Chitwan, Nepal.
The qualitative component will include key informant
interviews and focus group discussions. The quantitative
component consists of a pilot cluster randomized controlled
trial (c-RCT), which will establish parameters for a future
effectiveness study of RESHAPE compared to training as usual
(TAU). Primary healthcare facilities (the cluster unit,
k = 34) will be randomized to TAU or RESHAPE. The direct
beneficiaries of the intervention are the primary healthcare
workers in the facilities (n = 150); indirect
beneficiaries are their patients (n = 100). The TAU
condition is existing mental health training and supervision
for primary healthcare workers delivered through the
Programme for Improving Mental healthcarE (PRIME)
implementing the mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP).
The primary objective is to evaluate acceptability and
feasibility through qualitative interviews with primary
healthcare workers, trainers, and mental health service
users. The secondary objective is to collect quantitative
information on health worker outcomes including mental
health stigma (Social Distance Scale), clinical knowledge
(mhGAP), clinical competency (ENhancing Assessment of Common
Therapeutic factors, ENACT), and implicit attitudes
(Implicit Association Test, IAT), and patient outcomes
including stigma-related barriers to care, daily
functioning, and symptoms. Discussion: The pilot and
feasibility study will contribute to refining
recommendations for implementation of mhGAP and other mental
health services in primary healthcare settings in
low-resource health systems. The pilot c-RCT findings will
inform an effectiveness trial of RESHAPE to advance the
evidence-base for optimal approaches to training and
supervision for non-specialist providers. Trial
registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier,
NCT02793271.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40814-018-0234-3},
Key = {fds333643}
}
@article{fds321465,
Author = {Watt, MH and Dennis, AC and Choi, KW and Ciya, N and Joska, JA and Robertson, C and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Impact of Sexual Trauma on HIV Care Engagement: Perspectives
of Female Patients with Trauma Histories in Cape Town, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {21},
Number = {11},
Pages = {3209-3218},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1617-1},
Abstract = {South African women have disproportionately high rates of
both sexual trauma and HIV. To understand how sexual trauma
impacts HIV care engagement, we conducted in-depth
qualitative interviews with 15 HIV-infected women with
sexual trauma histories, recruited from a public clinic in
Cape Town. Interviews explored trauma narratives, coping
behaviors and care engagement, and transcripts were analyzed
using a constant comparison method. Participants reported
multiple and complex traumas across their lifetimes. Sexual
trauma hindered HIV care engagement, especially immediately
following HIV diagnosis, and there were indications that
sexual trauma may interfere with future care engagement, via
traumatic stress symptoms including avoidance. Disclosure of
sexual trauma was limited; no women had disclosed to an HIV
provider. Routine screening for sexual trauma in HIV care
settings may help to identify individuals at risk of poor
care engagement. Efficacious treatments are needed to
address the psychological and behavioral sequelae of
trauma.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-016-1617-1},
Key = {fds321465}
}
@article{fds327435,
Author = {Velloza, J and Watt, MH and Abler, L and Skinner, D and Kalichman, SC and Dennis, AC and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV-Risk Behaviors and Social Support Among Men and Women
Attending Alcohol-Serving Venues in South Africa:
Implications for HIV Prevention.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {21},
Number = {Suppl 2},
Pages = {144-154},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1853-z},
Abstract = {Alcohol use is associated with increased HIV-risk behaviors,
including unprotected sex and number of sex partners.
Alcohol-serving venues can be places to engage in
HIV-related sexual risk behaviors, but are also important
sites of social support for patrons, which may mitigate
risks. We sought to examine the relationship between
alcohol-serving venue attendance, social support, and
HIV-related sexual risk behavior, by gender, in South
Africa. Adult patrons (n = 496) were recruited from six
alcohol-serving venues and completed surveys assessing
frequency of venue attendance, venue-based social support,
and recent sexual behaviors. Generalized estimating
equations tested associations between daily venue
attendance, social support, and sexual behaviors, separately
by gender. Interaction effects between daily attendance and
social support were assessed. Models were adjusted for
venue, age, education, and ethnicity. Daily attendance at
venues was similar across genders and was associated with
HIV-related risk behaviors, but the strength and direction
of associations differed by gender. Among women, daily
attendance was associated with greater number of partners
and higher proportion of unprotected sex. Social support was
a significant moderator, with more support decreasing the
strength of the relationship between attendance and risk.
Among men, daily attendance was associated with a lower
proportion of unprotected sex; no interaction effects were
found for attendance and social support. Frequent venue
attendance is associated with additional HIV-related risks
for women, but this risk is mitigated by social support in
venues. These results were not seen for men. Successful HIV
interventions in alcohol-serving venues should address the
gendered context of social support and sexual risk
behavior.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-017-1853-z},
Key = {fds327435}
}
@article{fds320149,
Author = {Magidson, JF and Dietrich, J and Otwombe, KN and Sikkema, KJ and Katz,
IT and Gray, GE},
Title = {Psychosocial correlates of alcohol and other substance use
among low-income adolescents in peri-urban Johannesburg,
South Africa: A focus on gender differences.},
Journal = {Journal of Health Psychology},
Volume = {22},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1415-1425},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105316628739},
Abstract = {Alcohol and other drug use is prevalent among peri-urban,
South African adolescents. We identified correlates of
alcohol and other drug use by gender among adolescents
(age = 16-18 years; N = 822) in peri-urban
Johannesburg. Interviewer-administered surveys assessed
sexual activity, alcohol and other drug use, and relevant
psychosocial factors. In separate logistic regression models
of alcohol and other drug use stratified by gender, violence
exposure and sexual activity were associated with alcohol
use for both males and females. For females only, depressive
symptoms were associated with drug use. For males only,
being older and sexually active were associated with drug
use. Substance use interventions for South African
adolescents should consider psychological health, sexual
health, and tailoring by gender.},
Doi = {10.1177/1359105316628739},
Key = {fds320149}
}
@article{fds332048,
Author = {Yemeke, TT and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Ciya, N and Robertson, C and Joska, JA},
Title = {Screening for Traumatic Experiences and Mental Health
Distress Among Women in HIV Care in Cape Town, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Journal of Interpersonal Violence},
Pages = {886260517718186},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517718186},
Abstract = {Traumatic events can negatively affect clinical outcomes
among HIV positive women, particularly when those events
result in ongoing psychological distress. Consequently,
there have been calls to integrate screening and treatment
of traumatic experiences and associated mental health
disorders into HIV care. In South Africa, screening for
traumatic experiences and mental health is not a routine
part of HIV care. The goal of this study was to examine the
prevalence of traumatic experiences and mental health
distress among women in an HIV clinic in Cape Town, South
Africa, and to explore the acceptability of routine
screening in this setting. Seventy HIV positive women were
screened following referral from health care workers in the
clinic. Among the participants, 51% reported a history of
sexual abuse and 75% reported physical intimate partner
violence (physical IPV). Among all participants, 36% met
screening criteria for depression; among those with
traumatic experiences ( n = 57), 70% met screening criteria
for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Compared with
reporting no sexual abuse or physical IPV, having
experienced both sexual abuse and physical IPV was
significantly associated with higher odds of depression,
while reporting either sexual abuse or physical IPV
individually was not significantly associated with increased
odds of depression. Among women reporting sexual abuse, 61%
were disclosing their experience for the first time during
the screening; 31% of women with physical IPV experience
were disclosing for the first time. Overall, 98% of
participants thought screening should be routine and
extended to all women as part of clinic care. Screening
women for sexual abuse and physical IPV may be an important
component of ensuring HIV care engagement.},
Doi = {10.1177/0886260517718186},
Key = {fds332048}
}
@article{fds321676,
Author = {Vincent, W and Fang, X and Calabrese, SK and Heckman, TG and Sikkema,
KJ and Hansen, NB},
Title = {HIV-related shame and health-related quality of life among
older, HIV-positive adults.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {434-444},
Year = {2017},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10865-016-9812-0},
Abstract = {This study investigated how HIV-related shame is associated
with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people
living with HIV (PLHIV). Structural equation modeling tested
whether HIV-related shame was associated with three
dimensions of HRQoL (physical, emotional, and social
well-being) and whether there were significant indirect
associations of HIV-related shame with the three HRQoL
dimensions via depression and loneliness in a sample of 299
PLHIV ≥50 years old. Results showed that depression and
loneliness were key mechanisms, with depression at least
partially accounting for the association between HIV-related
shame and both emotional and physical well-being,
respectively, and loneliness accounting for the association
between HIV-related shame and social well-being. HIV-related
shame appears to be an important correlate of HRQoL in older
PLHIV and may provide a promising leveraging point by which
to improve HRQoL in older PLHIV.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10865-016-9812-0},
Key = {fds321676}
}
@article{fds323693,
Author = {Choi, KW and Sikkema, KJ and Vythilingum, B and Geerts, L and Faure, SC and Watt, MH and Roos, A and Stein, DJ},
Title = {Maternal childhood trauma, postpartum depression, and infant
outcomes: Avoidant affective processing as a potential
mechanism.},
Journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
Volume = {211},
Pages = {107-115},
Year = {2017},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.004},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:Women who have experienced childhood trauma may
be at risk for postpartum depression, increasing the
likelihood of negative outcomes among their children.
Predictive pathways from maternal childhood trauma to child
outcomes, as mediated by postpartum depression, require
investigation. METHODS:A longitudinal sample of South
African women (N=150) was followed through pregnancy and
postpartum. Measures included maternal trauma history
reported during pregnancy; postpartum depression through six
months; and maternal-infant bonding, infant development, and
infant physical growth at one year. Structural equation
models tested postpartum depression as a mediator between
maternal experiences of childhood trauma and children's
outcomes. A subset of women (N=33) also participated in a
lab-based emotional Stroop paradigm, and their responses to
fearful stimuli at six weeks were explored as a potential
mechanism linking maternal childhood trauma, postpartum
depression, and child outcomes. RESULTS:Women with childhood
trauma experienced greater depressive symptoms through six
months postpartum, which then predicted negative child
outcomes at one year. Mediating effects of postpartum
depression were significant, and persisted for
maternal-infant bonding and infant growth after controlling
for covariates and antenatal distress. Maternal avoidance of
fearful stimuli emerged as a potential affective mechanism.
LIMITATIONS:Limitations included modest sample size,
self-report measures, and unmeasured potential confounders.
CONCLUSIONS:Findings suggest a mediating role of postpartum
depression in the intergenerational transmission of negative
outcomes. Perinatal interventions that address maternal
trauma histories and depression, as well as underlying
affective mechanisms, may help interrupt cycles of
disadvantage, particularly in high-trauma settings such as
South Africa.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.004},
Key = {fds323693}
}
@article{fds329106,
Author = {Watt, MH and Mosha, MV and Platt, AC and Sikkema, KJ and Wilson, SM and Turner, EL and Masenga, GG},
Title = {A nurse-delivered mental health intervention for obstetric
fistula patients in Tanzania: results of a pilot randomized
controlled trial.},
Journal = {Pilot and Feasibility Studies},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {35},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40814-017-0178-z},
Abstract = {Obstetric fistula has severe psychological consequences, but
no evidence-based interventions exist to improve mental
health in this population. This pilot trial evaluated a
psychological intervention for women receiving surgical care
for obstetric fistula.A parallel two-armed pilot RCT was
conducted between 2014 and 2016. The intervention was six
individual sessions, based on psychological theory and
delivered by a nurse facilitator. The study was conducted at
a tertiary hospital in Moshi, Tanzania. Women were eligible
if they were over age 18 and admitted to the hospital for
surgical repair of an obstetric fistula. Sixty participants
were randomized to the intervention or standard of care.
Surveys were completed at baseline, post-treatment (before
discharge), and 3 months following discharge. Standardized
scales measured depression, anxiety, traumatic stress, and
self-esteem. Feasibility of an RCT was assessed by
participation and retention. Feasibility and acceptability
of the intervention were assessed by fidelity, attendance,
and participant ratings. Potential efficacy was assessed by
exploratory linear regression and clinical significance
analysis.Eighty-five percent met criteria for mental health
dysfunction at enrollment. All eligible patients enrolled,
with retention 100% post and 73% at 3 months. Participants
rated the intervention acceptable and beneficial. There were
sharp and meaningful improvements in mental health outcomes
over time, with no evidence of differences by condition.A
nurse-delivered mental health intervention was feasible to
implement as part of in-patient clinical care and regarded
positively. Mental health treatment in this population is
warranted given high level of distress at presentation to
care.ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01934075.},
Doi = {10.1186/s40814-017-0178-z},
Key = {fds329106}
}
@article{fds253903,
Author = {Choi, KW and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Childhood Maltreatment and Perinatal Mood and Anxiety
Disorders: A Systematic Review.},
Journal = {Trauma, Violence & Abuse},
Volume = {17},
Number = {5},
Pages = {427-453},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-8380},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838015584369},
Abstract = {Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) compromise
maternal and child well-being and may be influenced by
traumatic experiences across the life course. A potent and
common form of trauma is childhood maltreatment, but its
specific impact on PMADs is not well understood. A
systematic review was undertaken to synthesize empirical
literature on the relationship between maternal histories of
childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Of the 876 citations
retrieved, 35 reports from a total of 26,239 participants
met inclusion criteria, documenting substantial rates of
childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Robust trends of
association were observed between childhood maltreatment and
perinatal depression, as well as post-traumatic stress
disorder, but findings for anxiety were less consistent.
Examining multivariate results suggested that childhood
maltreatment predicts PMADs above and beyond
sociodemographic, psychiatric, perinatal, and psychosocial
factors, but may also be partially mediated by variables
such as later victimization and moderated by protective
early relationships. Future research should test mediating
and moderating pathways using prospective cohorts, expanding
to cross-cultural settings and other disorder outcomes.
Treatment and prevention of childhood maltreatment and its
sequelae may help mitigate risk for perinatal
psychopathology and its impact on maternal and child
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1177/1524838015584369},
Key = {fds253903}
}
@article{fds320147,
Author = {Willie, TC and Overstreet, NM and Peasant, C and Kershaw, T and Sikkema,
KJ and Hansen, NB},
Title = {Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among People Living with HIV
and Childhood Sexual Abuse: The Role of Shame and
Posttraumatic Growth.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {20},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1609-1620},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1298-9},
Abstract = {There is a critical need to examine protective and risk
factors of anxiety and depressive symptoms among people
living with HIV in order to improve quality of life.
Structural equation modeling was used to examine the
associations between HIV-related shame, sexual abuse-related
shame, posttraumatic growth, and anxiety and depressive
symptoms among a cohort of 225 heterosexual women and men
who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV who have
experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Higher sexual
abuse-related shame was related to more anxiety and
depressive symptoms for heterosexual women. Higher
posttraumatic growth predicted less anxiety symptoms for
only heterosexual women. Higher posttraumatic growth
predicted less depressive symptoms for heterosexual women
and MSM, but the magnitude of this effect was stronger for
heterosexual women than MSM. Psychosocial interventions may
need to be tailored to meet the specific needs of
heterosexual women and MSM living with HIV and
CSA.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-016-1298-9},
Key = {fds320147}
}
@article{fds320148,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Green, EP and Sikkema, KJ and Broverman, SA and Ogwang-Odhiambo, RA and Pian, J},
Title = {A church-based intervention for families to promote mental
health and prevent HIV among adolescents in rural Kenya:
Results of a randomized trial.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {84},
Number = {6},
Pages = {511-525},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000076},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE:To evaluate a family- and church-based
intervention for adolescents and caregivers in rural Kenya
to improve family relationships, reduce HIV risk, and
promote mental health. METHOD:The intervention was developed
using community-based participatory methods and focused on
strengthening family communication. Modules addressed
economic, relationship, and HIV-related topics using
evidence-based behavioral strategies alongside culturally
grounded content. A stepped wedge cluster randomized trial
was conducted with 124 families (237 adolescents ages 10 to
16; 203 caregivers) from 4 churches. Participants completed
interviewer-administered surveys over 5 rounds. Primary
outcomes included family communication, HIV risk knowledge,
self-efficacy, and beliefs. Secondary outcomes included
parenting, social support, mental health, and adolescent
sexual behavior. We estimated intent-to-treat effects via
ordinary least squares regression with clustered standard
errors. RESULTS:Relative to controls, the intervention group
reported better family communication across domains at 1-
and 3-months postintervention and higher self-efficacy for
risk reduction skills and HIV-related knowledge at 1-month
postintervention. Sexually active youth in the intervention
reported fewer high-risk behaviors at 1-month
postintervention, including unprotected sex or multiple
partners. Male caregivers in the intervention reported
higher parental involvement at both time points, and youth
reported more social support from male caregivers at
3-months postintervention. No effects on secondary outcomes
of parenting, social support, and mental health were
detected. CONCLUSIONS:This intervention holds promise for
strengthening positive family processes to protect against
negative future outcomes for adolescents. Implementation
with religious congregations may be a promising strategy for
improving sustainability and scalability of interventions in
low-resource settings. (PsycINFO Database
Record},
Doi = {10.1037/ccp0000076},
Key = {fds320148}
}
@article{fds318784,
Author = {Wilson, SM and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Masenga, GG and Mosha,
MV},
Title = {Psychological Symptoms and Social Functioning Following
Repair of Obstetric Fistula in a Low-Income
Setting.},
Journal = {Matern Child Health J},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {941-945},
Year = {2016},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-1950-z},
Abstract = {Objectives Obstetric fistula is a maternal injury that
causes uncontrollable leaking of urine or stool, and most
women who develop it live in poverty in low-income
countries. Obstetric fistula is associated with high rates
of stigma and psychological morbidity, but there is
uncertainty about the impact of surgical treatment on
psychological outcomes. The objective of this exploratory
study was to examine changes in psychological symptoms
following surgical fistula repair, discharge and
reintegration home. Methods Women admitted for surgical
repair of obstetric fistula were recruited from a Tanzanian
hospital serving a rural catchment area. Psychological
symptoms and social functioning were assessed prior to
surgery. Approximately 3 months after discharge, a data
collector visited the patients' homes to repeat psychosocial
measures and assess self-reported incontinence. Baseline to
follow-up differences were measured with paired t tests
controlling for multiple comparisons. Associations between
psychological outcomes and leaking were assessed with t
tests and Pearson correlations. Results Participants
(N = 28) had been living with fistula for an average of
11 years. Baseline psychological distress was high, and
decreased significantly at follow-up. Participants who
self-reported continued incontinence at follow-up endorsed
significantly higher PTSD and depression symptoms than those
who reported being cured, and severity of leaking was
associated with psychological distress. Conclusions Fistula
patients experience improvements in mental health at
3 months after discharge, but these improvements are
curtailed when women experience residual leaking. Given the
rate of stress incontinence following surgery, it is
important to prepare fistula patients for the possibility of
incomplete cure and help them develop appropriate coping
strategies.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10995-016-1950-z},
Key = {fds318784}
}
@article{fds253902,
Author = {Willie, TC and Overstreet, NM and Sullivan, TP and Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB},
Title = {Barriers to HIV Medication Adherence: Examining Distinct
Anxiety and Depression Symptoms among Women Living with HIV
Who Experienced Childhood Sexual Abuse.},
Journal = {Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {120-127},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0896-4289},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823},
Abstract = {Experiencing sexual violence in childhood or adolescence is
highly prevalent among some women living with HIV, often
resulting in anxiety and depression symptoms in adulthood.
Anxiety and depression have been associated with HIV
medication nonadherence, yet little research has assessed
distinct components of anxiety and depression as risk
factors of HIV medication nonadherence. The current study
examined distinct symptom components of anxiety and
depression as predictors of HIV medication non-adherence
among women living with HIV and childhood sexual abuse
enrolled in a coping intervention. This secondary analysis
included a sample of 85 women living with HIV and childhood
sexual abuse and being prescribed antiretroviral medication
who completed measures on anxiety, depression, and
medication adherence. Results from a logistic regression
analysis suggest that distinct components of anxiety may be
related to medication nonadherence among this population.
Targeted mental health interventions for this population may
increase adherence to antiretroviral medication.},
Doi = {10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823},
Key = {fds253902}
}
@article{fds253888,
Author = {Watt, MH and Eaton, LA and Dennis, AC and Choi, KW and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Alcohol Use During Pregnancy in a South African Community:
Reconciling Knowledge, Norms, and Personal
Experience.},
Journal = {Maternal and Child Health Journal},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-55},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1092-7875},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-015-1800-4},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:Due to high rates of fetal alcohol spectrum
disorder (FASD) in South Africa, reducing alcohol use during
pregnancy is a pressing public health priority. The aim of
this study was to qualitatively explore knowledge and
attitudes about maternal alcohol consumption among women who
reported alcohol use during pregnancy. METHODS:The study was
conducted in Cape Town, South Africa. Participants were
pregnant or within 1 year postpartum and self-reported
alcohol use during pregnancy. In-depth interviews explored
personal experiences with drinking during pregnancy,
community norms and attitudes towards maternal drinking, and
knowledge about FASD. Transcripts were analyzed using a
content analytic approach, including narrative memos and
data display matrices. RESULTS:Interviews revealed competing
attitudes. Women received anti-drinking messages from
several sources, but these sources were not highly valued
and the messages often contradicted social norms. Women were
largely unfamiliar with FASD, and their knowledge of impacts
of fetal alcohol exposure was often inaccurate.
Participants' personal experiences influenced their
attitudes about the effects of alcohol during pregnancy,
which led to internalization of misinformation. The data
revealed a moral conflict that confronted women in this
setting, leaving women feeling judged, ambivalent, or
defensive about their behaviors, and ultimately creating
uncertainty about their alcohol use behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS:Data revealed the need to deliver accurate
information about the harms of fetal alcohol exposure
through sources perceived as trusted and reliable.
Individual-level interventions to help women reconcile
competing attitudes and identify motivations for reducing
alcohol use during pregnancy would be beneficial.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10995-015-1800-4},
Key = {fds253888}
}
@article{fds318783,
Author = {Skalski, LM and Towe, SL and Sikkema, KJ and Meade,
CS},
Title = {The Impact of Marijuana Use on Memory in HIV-Infected
Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the HIV and Marijuana
Literatures.},
Journal = {Curr Drug Abuse Rev},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {126-141},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874473709666160502124503},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The most robust neurocognitive effect of
marijuana use is memory impairment. Memory deficits are also
high among persons living with HIV/AIDS, and marijuana is
the most commonly used drug in this population. Yet research
examining neurocognitive outcomes resulting from
co-occurring marijuana and HIV is limited. OBJECTIVE: The
primary objectives of this comprehensive review are to: (1)
examine the literature on memory functioning in HIV-infected
individuals; (2) examine the literature on memory
functioning in marijuana users; (3) synthesize findings and
propose a theoretical framework to guide future research.
METHOD: PubMed was searched for English publications
2000-2013. Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria in the
HIV literature, and 23 studies in the marijuana literature.
RESULTS: Among HIV-infected individuals, memory deficits
with medium to large effect sizes were observed. Marijuana
users also demonstrated memory problems, but results were
less consistent due to the diversity of samples. CONCLUSION:
A compensatory hypothesis, based on the cognitive aging
literature, is proposed to provide a framework to explore
the interaction between marijuana and HIV. There is some
evidence that individuals infected with HIV recruit
additional brain regions during memory tasks to compensate
for HIV-related declines in neurocognitive functioning.
Marijuana is associated with disturbance in similar brain
systems, and thus it is hypothesized that the added neural
strain of marijuana can exhaust neural resources, resulting
in pronounced memory impairment. It will be important to
test this hypothesis empirically, and future research
priorities are discussed.},
Doi = {10.2174/1874473709666160502124503},
Key = {fds318783}
}
@article{fds320150,
Author = {Dennis, AC and Wilson, SM and Mosha, MV and Masenga, GG and Sikkema, KJ and Terroso, KE and Watt, MH},
Title = {Experiences of social support among women presenting for
obstetric fistula repair surgery in Tanzania.},
Journal = {International Journal of Women'S Health},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {429-439},
Year = {2016},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S110202},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: An obstetric fistula is a childbirth injury
resulting in uncontrollable leakage of urine and/or feces
and can lead to physical and psychological challenges,
including social isolation. Prior to and after fistula
repair surgery, social support can help a woman to
reintegrate into her community. The aim of this study was to
preliminarily examine the experiences of social support
among Tanzanian women presenting with obstetric fistula in
the periods immediately preceding obstetric fistula repair
surgery and following reintegration. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The study used a mixed-methods design to analyze
cross-sectional surveys (n=59) and in-depth interviews
(n=20). RESULTS: Women reported widely varying levels of
social support from family members and partners, with half
of the sample reporting overall high levels of social
support. For women experiencing lower levels of support,
fistula often exacerbated existing problems in
relationships, sometimes directly causing separation or
divorce. Many women were assertive and resilient with regard
to advocating for their fistula care and relationship needs.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that while some women endure
negative social experiences following an obstetric fistula
and require additional resources and services, many women
report high levels of social support from family members and
partners, which may be harnessed to improve the holistic
care for patients.},
Doi = {10.2147/IJWH.S110202},
Key = {fds320150}
}
@article{fds253886,
Author = {Wilson, SM and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Masenga,
GG},
Title = {Psychological Symptoms Among Obstetric Fistula Patients
Compared to Gynecology Outpatients in Tanzania.},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {22},
Number = {5},
Pages = {605-613},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12529-015-9466-2},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Obstetric fistula is a childbirth injury
prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa that causes uncontrollable
leaking of urine and/or feces. Research has documented the
social and psychological sequelae of obstetric fistula,
including mental health dysfunction and social isolation.
PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study sought to quantify the
psychological symptoms and social support in obstetric
fistula patients, compared with a patient population of
women without obstetric fistula. METHOD: Participants were
gynecology patients (N = 144) at the Kilimanjaro
Christian Medical Center in Moshi, Tanzania, recruited from
the Fistula Ward (n = 54) as well as gynecology
outpatient clinics (n = 90). Measures included
previously validated psychometric questionnaires,
administered orally by Tanzanian nurses. Outcome variables
were compared between obstetric fistula patients and
gynecology outpatients, controlling for background
demographic variables and multiple comparisons. RESULTS:
Compared to gynecology outpatients, obstetric fistula
patients reported significantly higher symptoms of
depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, somatic
complaints, and maladaptive coping. They also reported
significantly lower social support. CONCLUSION: Obstetric
fistula patients present for repair surgery with more severe
psychological distress than gynecology outpatients. In order
to address these mental health concerns, clinicians should
engage obstetric fistula patients with targeted mental
health interventions.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12529-015-9466-2},
Key = {fds253886}
}
@article{fds253922,
Author = {Velloza, J and Watt, MH and Choi, KW and Abler, L and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV/AIDS-related stigma in South African alcohol-serving
venues and its potential impact on HIV disclosure, testing
and treatment-seeking behaviours.},
Journal = {Global Public Health},
Volume = {10},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1092-1106},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1744-1692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2014.1001767},
Abstract = {Alcohol-serving venues in South Africa are sites for
high-risk behaviours that may lead to HIV transmission.
Prevention and treatment interventions are sorely needed in
these settings, but HIV-related stigma may limit their
effectiveness. This study explored expressions of stigma
among alcohol-serving venue patrons in Cape Town and
examined the potential impact of stigma on HIV disclosure,
testing and treatment-seeking behaviours. A total of 92
in-depth interviews with male and female, black and coloured
patrons were conducted. Transcripts were analysed via
memo-writing and diagramming techniques. Many participants
mentioned knowing other patrons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH),
and this visibility of HIV impacted expressions of
HIV-related stigma. Participants discussed four forms of
HIV-related stigma in the venues: fearing PLWH, fearing HIV
acquisition, blaming others for spreading HIV and isolating
PLWH. HIV visibility and expressions of HIV-related stigma,
particularly fear of isolation, influenced participants'
willingness to disclose their status. HIV-related stigma in
the venues also appeared to indirectly influence testing and
treatment-seeking behaviour outside the venue. Results
suggest that efforts to change norms and reduce expressions
of HIV-related stigma in alcohol-serving venues are
necessary to successfully deliver tailored HIV prevention
interventions and increase uptake of HIV testing and care in
this important social setting.},
Doi = {10.1080/17441692.2014.1001767},
Key = {fds253922}
}
@article{fds253924,
Author = {Choi, KW and Sikkema, KJ and Velloza, J and Marais, A and Jose, C and Stein, DJ and Watt, MH and Joska, JA},
Title = {Maladaptive coping mediates the influence of childhood
trauma on depression and PTSD among pregnant women in South
Africa.},
Journal = {Archives of Women'S Mental Health},
Volume = {18},
Number = {5},
Pages = {731-738},
Year = {2015},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1434-1816},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-015-0501-8},
Abstract = {Antenatal mental disorders compromise maternal and child
health, and women who have experienced childhood trauma may
be at increased risk for such disorders. One hypothesis is
that early trauma leads to the development and use of
maladaptive coping strategies as an adult, which in turn
could predict mental health difficulties during stressful
transitions such as pregnancy. To test this hypothesis, this
study examined the relationship between childhood trauma and
mental health (depression, PTSD) in a sample of 84 pregnant
women seeking antenatal care in Cape Town, South Africa, and
explored whether maladaptive coping mediated this
relationship. The majority of women (62 %) met established
criteria for antenatal depression and 30 % for antenatal
PTSD; in addition, 40 % reported a history of childhood
trauma. Childhood trauma, especially childhood sexual abuse
and emotional abuse, was significantly associated with
depression and PTSD. The relationships between childhood
trauma and depression and PTSD were significantly mediated
by maladaptive coping, even when adjusted for the woman's
age, gestational age, and HIV status. Findings highlight the
need for coping-based interventions to prevent and treat
antenatal mental disorders among women with childhood
trauma, particularly in high-trauma settings such as South
Africa.},
Doi = {10.1007/s00737-015-0501-8},
Key = {fds253924}
}
@article{fds253906,
Author = {Skalski, LM and Watt, MH and MacFarlane, JC and Proeschold-Bell, RJ and Stout, JE and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Mental Health and Substance Use Among Patients in a North
Carolina HIV Clinic.},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {76},
Number = {3},
Pages = {148-155},
Year = {2015},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10742 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a significant public
health concern in North Carolina, and previous research has
pointed to elevated mental health distress and substance use
among HIV-infected populations, which may impact patients'
adherence to medications. The aims of this study were to
describe the prevalence of mental health and substance use
issues among patients of a North Carolina HIV clinic, to
examine differences by demographic characteristics, and to
examine factors associated with suboptimal adherence to HIV
medications. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of
clinical data routinely collected through a health behavior
questionnaire at a large HIV clinic in North Carolina. We
analyzed data collected from February 2011 to August 2012.
RESULTS: The sample included 1,398 patients. Overall, 12.2%
of patients endorsed current symptomology indicative of
moderate or severe levels of depression, and 38.6% reported
receiving a psychiatric diagnosis at some point in their
life. Additionally, 19.1% had indications of current
problematic drinking, and 8.2% reported problematic drug
use. Nearly one-quarter (22.1%) reported suboptimal
adherence to HIV medications. Factors associated with poor
adherence included racial/ethnic minority, age less than 35
years, and indications of moderate or severe depression.
LIMITATIONS: The questionnaire was not completed
systematically in the clinic, which may limit
generalizability, and self-reported measures may have
introduced social desirability bias. CONCLUSION: Patients
were willing to disclose mental health distress, substance
use, and suboptimal medication adherence to providers, which
highlights the importance of routinely assessing these
behaviors during clinic visits. Our findings suggest that
treating depression may be an effective strategy to improve
adherence to HIV medications.},
Doi = {10.18043/ncm.76.3.148},
Key = {fds253906}
}
@article{fds253920,
Author = {Watt, MH and Wilson, SM and Sikkema, KJ and Velloza, J and Mosha, MV and Masenga, GG and Bangser, M and Browning, A and Nyindo,
PM},
Title = {Development of an intervention to improve mental health for
obstetric fistula patients in Tanzania.},
Journal = {Eval Program Plann},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2015},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0149-7189},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2015.01.007},
Abstract = {Obstetric fistula is a debilitating childbirth injury that
has been associated with high rates of psychological
distress. Global efforts have helped to link women to
surgical repair, but thus far no evidence-based
interventions exist to address the psychological needs of
these women during the hospital stay. In this paper, we
describe the development of a psychological intervention for
women in Tanzania who are receiving surgical care for an
obstetric fistula. The intervention was developed based on
theories of cognitive behavioral therapy and coping models.
Content and delivery were informed by qualitative data
collection with a range of stakeholders including women with
fistula, and input from a study advisory board. The
resulting intervention was six individual sessions,
delivered by a trained community health nurse. The session
topics were (1) recounting the fistula story; (2) creating a
new story about the fistula; (3) loss, grief and shame; (4)
specific strategies for coping; (5) social relationships;
and (6) planning for the future. A trial run of the
intervention revealed that the intervention could be
delivered with fidelity and was acceptable to patients. A
future randomized control trial will evaluate the efficacy
of this intervention to address the mental health symptoms
of this population.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2015.01.007},
Key = {fds253920}
}
@article{fds253927,
Author = {Watt, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Abler, L and Velloza, J and Eaton, LA and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Experiences of forced sex among female patrons of
alcohol-serving venues in a South African
township.},
Journal = {Journal of Interpersonal Violence},
Volume = {30},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1533-1552},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0886-2605},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260514540807},
Abstract = {South Africa has among the highest rates of forced sex
worldwide, and alcohol use has consistently been associated
with risk of forced sex in South Africa. However,
methodological challenges affect the accuracy of forced sex
measurements. This study explored the assessment of forced
sex among South African women attending alcohol-serving
venues and identified factors associated with reporting
recent forced sex. Women (n = 785) were recruited from 12
alcohol-serving venues in a peri-urban township in Cape
Town. Brief self-administered surveys included questions
about lifetime and recent experiences of forced sex. Surveys
included a single question about forced sex and detailed
questions about sex by physical force, threats, verbal
persuasion, trickery, and spiked drinks. We first compared
the single question about forced sex to a composite variable
of forced sex as unwanted sex by physical force, threats, or
spiked drinks. We then examined potential predictors of
recent forced sex (demographics, drinking behavior,
relationship to the venue, abuse experiences). The single
question about forced sex had low sensitivity (0.38); more
than half of the respondents who reported on the detailed
questions that they had experienced forced sex by physical
force, threats, or spiked drinks reported on the single
question item that they had not experienced forced sex.
Using our composite variable, 18.6% of women reported
lifetime and 10.8% reported recent experiences of forced
sex. In our adjusted logistic regression model, recent
forced sex using the composite variable was significantly
associated with hazardous drinking (OR = 1.92), living
farther from the venue (OR = 1.81), recent intimate partner
violence (OR = 2.53), and a history of childhood sexual
abuse (OR = 4.35). The findings support the need for
additional work to refine the assessment of forced sex.
Efforts to prevent forced sex should target alcohol-serving
venues, where norms and behaviors may present particular
risks for women who frequent these settings.},
Doi = {10.1177/0886260514540807},
Key = {fds253927}
}
@article{fds303806,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Puffer, E and MacFarlane, J},
Title = {Family interventions},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of AIDS},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Editor = {Hope, T and Richman, D and Stevenson, M},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds303806}
}
@article{fds303808,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Khunwane, MN and Dietrich, J and Coetzee, J and deBruyn,
G and Nikala, B and Gray, G},
Title = {Counselors and key stakeholders' perceptions of HIV
counseling and testing for adolescents in Soweto, South
Africa},
Journal = {Bmc Health Services Research},
Publisher = {BioMed Central},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1472-6963},
Key = {fds303808}
}
@article{fds253925,
Author = {Abler, L and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman,
SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Traumatic stress and the mediating role of alcohol use on
HIV-related sexual risk behavior: results from a
longitudinal cohort of South African women who attend
alcohol-serving venues.},
Journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {322-328},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1525-4135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000433},
Abstract = {In South Africa, alcohol contributes to the HIV epidemic, in
part, by influencing sexual behaviors. For some, high levels
of alcohol consumption may be driven by previous traumatic
experiences that result in traumatic stress. The purpose of
this study was to quantify the longitudinal association
between traumatic stress and unprotected sex among women who
attend drinking venues and to assess whether this
association was explained by mediation through alcohol
use.Data were collected in 4 waves over a year from a
prospective cohort of 560 women who regularly attended
alcohol-serving venues in a Cape Town township. Longitudinal
mixed models examined (1) the relationship between traumatic
stress and counts of unprotected sex and (2) whether alcohol
use mediated the association between traumatic stress and
unprotected sex.Most women reported elevated traumatic
stress (80%) and hazardous alcohol use (88%) at least once
during the study period. In models adjusted for covariates,
traumatic stress was associated with unprotected sex (b =
0.28, SE = 0.06, t = 4.82, P < 0.001). In addition,
traumatic stress was associated with alcohol use (b = 0.27,
SE = 0.02, t = 14.25, P < 0.001) and was also associated
with unprotected sex (b = 0.20, SE = 0.06, t = 3.27, P <
0.01) while controlling for alcohol use (b = 0.28, SE =
0.07, t = 4.25, P < 0.001). The test for the mediated effect
established that alcohol use was a significant mediator,
accounting for 27% of the total effect of traumatic stress
on unprotected sex.These results highlight the need to
address traumatic stress among female venue patrons as an
important precursor of HIV risk due to alcohol
use.},
Doi = {10.1097/qai.0000000000000433},
Key = {fds253925}
}
@article{fds253885,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Dennis, AC and Watt, MH and Choi, KW and Yemeke, TT and Joska, JA},
Title = {Improving mental health among people living with HIV: a
review of intervention trials in low- and middle-income
countries.},
Journal = {Global Mental Health (Cambridge, England)},
Volume = {2},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10741 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {People living with HIV (PLWH) experience greater
psychological distress than the general population. Evidence
from high-incomes countries suggests that psychological
interventions for PLWH can improve mental health symptoms,
quality of life, and HIV care engagement. However, little is
known about the effectiveness of mental health interventions
for PLWH in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), where
the large majority of PLWH reside. This systematized review
aims to synthesize findings from mental health intervention
trials with PLWH in LMICs to inform the delivery of mental
health services in these settings. A systematic search
strategy was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed published
papers of intervention trials addressing negative
psychological states or disorders (e.g., depression,
anxiety) among PLWH in LMIC settings. Search results were
assessed against pre-established inclusion and exclusion
criteria. Data from papers meeting criteria were extracted
for synthesis. Twenty-six papers, published between 2000 and
2014, describing 22 unique interventions were identified.
Trials were implemented in sub-Saharan Africa (n=13), Asia
(n=7), and the Middle East (n=2), and addressed mental
health using a variety of approaches, including
cognitive-behavioral (n=18), family-level (n=2), and
pharmacological (n=2) treatments. Four randomized controlled
trials reported significant intervention effects in mental
health outcomes, and eleven preliminary studies demonstrated
promising findings. Among the limited mental health
intervention trials with PLWH in LMICs, few demonstrated
efficacy. Mental health interventions for PLWH in LMICs must
be further developed and adapted for resource-limited
settings to improve effectiveness.},
Doi = {10.1017/gmh.2015.17},
Key = {fds253885}
}
@article{fds253887,
Author = {Fang, X and Vincent, W and Calabrese, SK and Heckman, TG and Sikkema,
KJ and Humphries, DL and Hansen, NB},
Title = {Resilience, stress, and life quality in older adults living
with HIV/AIDS.},
Journal = {Aging & Mental Health},
Volume = {19},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1015-1021},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1360-7863},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.1003287},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:This study tested the mediating effect of
resilience on the relationship between life stress and
health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people, 50
years of age and older, living with HIV/AIDS (OPLWHA).
METHOD:Data from 299 OPLWHA were analyzed using structural
equation modeling (SEM) to define a novel resilience
construct (represented by coping self-efficacy, active
coping, hope/optimism, and social support) and to assess
mediating effects of resilience on the association between
life stress and HRQoL (physical, emotional, and
functional/global well-being). RESULTS:SEM analyses showed
satisfactory model fit for both resilience and mediational
models, with resilience mediating the associations between
life stress and physical, emotional, and functional/global
well-being. CONCLUSION:Resilience may reduce the negative
influence of life stress on physical, emotional, and
functional/global well-being in OPLWHA. Interventions that
build personal capacity, coping skills, and social support
may contribute to better management of HIV/AIDS and increase
HRQoL.},
Doi = {10.1080/13607863.2014.1003287},
Key = {fds253887}
}
@article{fds253889,
Author = {Otwombe, KN and Dietrich, J and Sikkema, KJ and Coetzee, J and Hopkins,
KL and Laher, F and Gray, GE},
Title = {Exposure to and experiences of violence among adolescents in
lower socio-economic groups in Johannesburg, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Bmc Public Health},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {450},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1780-8},
Abstract = {We explored exposure to and experiences of violence and
their risk factors amongst ethnically diverse adolescents
from lower socio economic groups in Johannesburg.This
cross-sectional study recruited a stratified sample of 16-18
year old adolescents from four low socio-economic suburbs in
Johannesburg to reflect ethnic group clustering. We
collected socio-demographic, sexual behaviour, alcohol and
drug use and trauma events data. Proportions and risk
factors were assessed by chi-square and logistic
regression.Of 822 adolescents, 57% (n = 469) were
female. Approximately 62% (n = 506) were Black, 13%
(n = 107) Coloured, 13% (n = 106) Indian and 13%
(n = 103) White. Approximately 67% (n = 552)
witnessed violence to a non-family member, 28% (n = 228)
experienced violence by a non-family member, and 10%
(n = 83) reported sexual abuse. Multivariate analysis
determined that witnessing violence in the community was
associated with being Black (OR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.7-7.9),
Coloured (OR: 3.9, 95%CI: 2.0-7.4) or White (OR: 8.0,
95%CI:4.0-16.2), repeating a grade (OR: 1.5, 95%CI:
1.01-2.1), having more than one sexual partner (OR: 1.7,
95%CI: 1.1-2.5) and ever taking alcohol (OR: 2.1, 95%CI:
1.5-2.9). Witnessing violence in the family was associated
with being female (OR: 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3-2.6), being Black
(OR: 2.2, 95%CI: 1.1-4.1), or White (OR: 3.0, 95%CI:
1.4-6.4), repeating a grade (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.2) and
ever taking alcohol (OR: 2.9, 95%CI: 2.0-4.3).In low
socio-economic areas in Johannesburg, Black, White and
Coloured adolescents experience a high burden of violence.
Interventions to mitigate the effects of violence are
urgently required.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12889-015-1780-8},
Key = {fds253889}
}
@article{fds253935,
Author = {Lovejoy, TI and Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman,
A},
Title = {Changes in sexual behavior of HIV-infected older adults
enrolled in a clinical trial of standalone group
psychotherapies targeting depression.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {19},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0746-7},
Abstract = {By 2015, one-half of all HIV-positive persons in the U.S.
will be 50-plus years of age, and as many as 30 % of older
adults living with HIV/AIDS continue to engage in
unprotected sexual intercourse. Contemporary positive
prevention models often include mental health treatment as a
key component of HIV prevention interventions. This
secondary data analysis characterized longitudinal patterns
of sexual behavior in HIV-positive older adults enrolled in
a randomized controlled trial of group mental health
interventions and assessed the efficacy of psychosocial
treatments that targeted depression to reduce sexual risk
behavior. Participants were 295 HIV-positive adults ≥50
years of age experiencing mild to severe depressive
symptoms, randomized to one of three study conditions: a
12-session coping improvement group intervention, a
12-session interpersonal support group intervention, or
individual therapy upon request. Approximately one-fifth of
participants reported one or more occasions of unprotected
anal or vaginal intercourse with HIV-negative sexual
partners or persons of unknown HIV serostatus over the study
period. Changes in sexual behavior did not vary by
intervention condition, indicating that standalone
treatments that target and reduce depression may be
insufficient to reduce sexual risk behavior in depressed
HIV-positive older adults.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-014-0746-7},
Key = {fds253935}
}
@article{fds318786,
Author = {Choi, KW and Watt, MH and Skinner, D and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {"Wine you get every day, but a child you can't replace": The
perceived impact of parental drinking on child outcomes in a
South African township.},
Journal = {Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health},
Volume = {27},
Number = {3},
Pages = {173-187},
Year = {2015},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2015.1113974},
Abstract = {This study explored the perceived impact of parental
drinking on children in a South African township where
alcohol abuse is prevalent and high levels of existing
poverty and violence may exacerbate potential consequences
on children.Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted
with 92 male and female participants recruited from
alcohol-serving venues in Cape Town, South Africa.Grounded
theory analyses revealed three major aspects of parental
drinking - intoxication, venue attendance and expenditures
on alcohol - which participants linked to negative proximal
outcomes (e.g., child neglect, abuse and exposure to alcohol
culture) and long-term outcomes (e.g., fractured
parent-child relationships and problematic youth
behaviours). In addition, preliminary accounts from some
participants suggested that parents may experience tensions
between desires to reduce drinking for child-related reasons
and complex factors maintaining their drinking behaviour,
including the use of alcohol to cope with stressors and
trauma.This study provides novel insights into the
consequences and motivations of parental drinking in a
high-risk context. Contextual risks (e.g., poverty and
violence) that exacerbate the impact of parental drinking on
children may be the same factors that continue to shape
intergenerational alcohol use in this community. Findings
highlight opportunities for further research and
interventions to support child protection in South
Africa.},
Doi = {10.2989/17280583.2015.1113974},
Key = {fds318786}
}
@article{fds318785,
Author = {Pettifor, A and Corneli, A and Kamanga, G and McKenna, K and Rosenberg,
NE and Yu, X and Ou, S-S and Massa, C and Wiyo, P and Lynn, D and Tharaldson,
J and Golin, C and Hoffman, I and HPTN 062 Study Protocol
Team},
Title = {HPTN 062: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Exploring the
Effect of a Motivational-Interviewing Intervention on Sexual
Behavior among Individuals with Acute HIV Infection in
Lilongwe, Malawi.},
Journal = {Plos One},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e0124452},
Year = {2015},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124452},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We pilot tested a Motivational Interviewing (MI)
-based counseling intervention for individuals with Acute
HIV Infection (AHI) to reduce risky sexual behavior in
Lilongwe, Malawi. METHODS: Twenty-eight individuals
diagnosed with AHI were randomized to receive either brief
education alone, or the brief education plus the MI-based
intervention, called Uphungu Wanga. Participants in Uphungu
Wanga received four sessions delivered on the day of
diagnosis, three days later and at weeks 1 and 2 with a
booster session at week 8; participants were followed for 24
weeks from diagnosis. An interviewer administered
quantitative questionnaire was conducted at baseline and at
weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24. Semi-structured
qualitative interviews (SSI) were conducted at weeks 2, 8,
12, and 24. RESULTS: The majority of participants in both
arms reported rapid and sustained behavior change following
diagnosis with AHI. Very few participants reported having
sex without a condom after diagnosis. Participants reported
a trend towards fewer sex partners and abstaining from sex
during study follow-up. Participants in the MI-based arm
provided concrete examples of risk reduction strategies in
the SSIs while those in the brief education arm primarily
described reducing risk behavior, suggesting that the
MI-based group may have acquired more risk reduction skills.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals in both study arms reduced risky
sexual behaviors after diagnosis with AHI. We found few
major differences between study arms during the 6-month
follow up period in self-reported sexual behaviors therefore
a MI-based intervention may not be needed to trigger
behavior change following AHI. However, comparing the
MI-based intervention to repeated brief education sessions
made it difficult to assess the potential benefit of an
MI-based intervention in a setting where standard counseling
often consists of one post-test session. Nevertheless,
provision of counseling immediately following diagnosis with
HIV to support behavior change should remain a priority.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01197027.},
Doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0124452},
Key = {fds318785}
}
@article{fds253884,
Author = {Otwombe, KN and Dietrich, J and Sikkema, KJ and Coetzee, J and Hopkins,
KL and Laher, F and Gray, GE},
Title = {Exposure to and experiences of violence among adolescents in
lower socio-economic groups in Johannesburg, South Africa
Health behavior, health promotion and society},
Journal = {Bmc Public Health},
Volume = {15},
Number = {1},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {1471-2458},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1780-8},
Abstract = {© 2015 Otwombe et al.; licensee BioMed Central.Background:
We explored exposure to and experiences of violence and
their risk factors amongst ethnically diverse adolescents
from lower socio economic groups in Johannesburg. Methods:
This cross-sectional study recruited a stratified sample of
16-18 year old adolescents from four low socio-economic
suburbs in Johannesburg to reflect ethnic group clustering.
We collected socio-demographic, sexual behaviour, alcohol
and drug use and trauma events data. Proportions and risk
factors were assessed by chi-square and logistic regression.
Results: Of 822 adolescents, 57% (n∈=∈469) were female.
Approximately 62% (n∈=∈506) were Black, 13%
(n∈=∈107) Coloured, 13% (n∈=∈106) Indian and 13%
(n∈=∈103) White. Approximately 67% (n∈=∈552)
witnessed violence to a non-family member, 28% (n∈=∈228)
experienced violence by a non-family member, and 10%
(n∈=∈83) reported sexual abuse. Multivariate analysis
determined that witnessing violence in the community was
associated with being Black (OR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.7-7.9),
Coloured (OR: 3.9, 95%CI: 2.0-7.4) or White (OR: 8.0,
95%CI:4.0-16.2), repeating a grade (OR: 1.5, 95%CI:
1.01-2.1), having more than one sexual partner (OR: 1.7,
95%CI: 1.1-2.5) and ever taking alcohol (OR: 2.1, 95%CI:
1.5-2.9). Witnessing violence in the family was associated
with being female (OR: 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3-2.6), being Black
(OR: 2.2, 95%CI: 1.1-4.1), or White (OR: 3.0, 95%CI:
1.4-6.4), repeating a grade (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.2) and
ever taking alcohol (OR: 2.9, 95%CI: 2.0-4.3). Conclusions:
In low socio-economic areas in Johannesburg, Black, White
and Coloured adolescents experience a high burden of
violence. Interventions to mitigate the effects of violence
are urgently required.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12889-015-1780-8},
Key = {fds253884}
}
@article{fds253930,
Author = {Choi, KW and Somers, TJ and Babyak, MA and Sikkema, KJ and Blumenthal,
JA and Keefe, FJ},
Title = {The relationship between pain and eating among overweight
and obese individuals with osteoarthritis: an ecological
momentary study.},
Journal = {Pain Res Manag},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e159-e163},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1203-6765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/598382},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) patients who are overweight
or obese report higher levels of pain compared with their
normal-weight OA counterparts. Evidence suggests that
overweight or obese OA patients also experience pain relief
from eating foods high in calories, fat or sugar. Eating to
alleviate pain may be problematic because it can lead to
additional weight gain, which may contribute to heightened
pain. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between
pain and food intake using ecological momentary assessments
in a sample of 71 overweight and obese OA patients. METHODS:
Participants completed two consecutive days of diary entries
in which they recorded their levels of pain, mood and food
intake throughout the day. Data were analyzed using
generalized estimating equations that modelled pain as a
predictor of calorie, fat and sugar intake. All models were
adjusted for sex, body mass index, negative mood, time and
treatment history. RESULTS: Pain significantly predicted
calorie (Z=2.57; P=0.01) and fat intake (Z=1.99; P=0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Using ecological momentary assessments as a
novel approach, the present study provides preliminary data
supporting a relationship between pain and food intake among
overweight and obese OA patients. Continued advances in our
understanding of the relationship between pain and eating
behaviour may help to optimize intervention strategies for
these patients.},
Doi = {10.1155/2014/598382},
Key = {fds253930}
}
@article{fds253905,
Author = {Corneli, A and Pettifor, A and Kamanga, G and Golin, C and McKenna, K and Ou, S-S and Hamela, G and Massa, C and Martinson, F and Tharaldson, J and Hilgenberg, D and Yu, X and Chege, W and Hoffman, I and HPTN 062 study
team},
Title = {HPTN 062: a feasibility and acceptability pilot intervention
to reduce HIV transmission risk behaviors among individuals
with acute and early HIV infection in Lilongwe,
Malawi.},
Journal = {Aids Behav},
Volume = {18},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1785-1800},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0707-1},
Abstract = {Acute HIV infection (AHI) is a relatively brief period of
time when individuals are highly infectious and the
opportunity to intervene to prevent forward transmission is
extremely limited. HPTN 062 partnered with CHAVI 001 to
evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a motivational
interviewing (MI)-based counseling intervention to reduce
HIV-transmission risk behaviors among individuals with acute
and early HIV infection in Lilongwe, Malawi. Participants
were randomized to receive either (1) brief education
sessions about HIV and AHI; or (2) the same brief education
sessions plus an MI-based counseling intervention called
Uphungu Wanga. Although Uphungu Wanga was determined to be
feasible and acceptable, few major differences existed
between the two arms with regard to acceptability,
feasibility, and self-reported sexual behaviors. We
therefore conclude that an additional MI-based counseling
intervention may not be needed during the short period of
AHI. Instead, we recommend that individuals with AHI receive
frequent, but brief, counseling immediately after diagnosis
and then transition to receiving counseling at less frequent
intervals until they can initiate antiretroviral therapy.
Other recommendations are provided.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-014-0707-1},
Key = {fds253905}
}
@article{fds253929,
Author = {Watt, MH and Eaton, LA and Choi, KW and Velloza, J and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {"It's better for me to drink, at least the stress is going
away": perspectives on alcohol use during pregnancy among
South African women attending drinking establishments.},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {116},
Pages = {119-125},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0277-9536},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.048},
Abstract = {The Western Cape of South Africa has one of the highest
rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) globally.
Reducing alcohol use during pregnancy is a pressing public
health priority for this region, but insight into the
experiences of women who drink during pregnancy is lacking.
Convenience sampling in alcohol-serving venues was used to
identify women who were currently pregnant (n = 12) or
recently post-partum (n = 12) and reported drinking during
the pregnancy period. In-depth qualitative interviews were
conducted between April and August 2013. Interviews explored
drinking narratives, with textual data analyzed for themes
related to factors that contributed to drinking during
pregnancy. All but one woman reported her pregnancy as
unplanned. The majority sustained or increased drinking
after pregnancy recognition, with patterns typically
including multiple days of binge drinking per week. Analysis
of the textual data revealed five primary factors that
contributed to drinking during pregnancy: 1) women used
alcohol as a strategy to cope with stressors and negative
emotions, including those associated with pregnancy; 2)
women drank as a way to retain social connection, often
during a difficult period of life transition; 3) social
norms in women's peer groups supported drinking during
pregnancy; 4) women lacked attachment to the pregnancy or
were resistant to motherhood; and 5) women were driven
physiologically by alcohol addiction. Our data suggest that
alcohol-serving settings are important sites to identify and
target women at risk of drinking during pregnancy.
Intervention approaches to reduce alcohol use during
pregnancy should include counseling and contraception to
prevent unwanted pregnancies, mental health and coping
interventions targeting pregnant women, peer-based
interventions to change norms around perinatal drinking, and
treatment for alcohol dependence during pregnancy. Our
findings suggest that innovative interventions that go
beyond the boundaries of the health care system are urgently
needed to address FASD in this region.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.048},
Key = {fds253929}
}
@article{fds253934,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Abler, L and Hansen, NB and Wilson, PA and Drabkin, AS and Kochman, A and MacFarlane, JC and DeLorenzo, A and Mayer, G and Watt,
MH and Nazareth, W},
Title = {Positive choices: outcomes of a brief risk reduction
intervention for newly HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with
men.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {18},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1808-1819},
Year = {2014},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0782-3},
Abstract = {Positive choices (PC), a brief sexual risk reduction
intervention conducted with newly HIV-diagnosed men who have
sex with men (MSM), was evaluated for preliminary efficacy.
Participants were enrolled if they reported unprotected anal
intercourse (UAI) in the three months prior to HIV diagnosis
(n = 102). Three months after diagnosis, participants
completed baseline assessments and were randomly assigned to
receive the 3-session PC intervention or the comprehensive
standard of care (C-SoC) at a community health center.
Participants completed assessments at 3- (post
intervention), 6-, and 9- months after baseline. Compared to
C-SoC participants, PC participants significantly reduced
the frequency of UAI with HIV serodiscordant (HIV negative
or status unknown) partners over the 9-month follow-up
period. No differences by condition were found in the
frequency of UAI with all partners. The findings from this
trial suggest that brief risk reduction approaches for
newly-diagnosed MSM integrated into HIV care can benefit
secondary HIV prevention efforts.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-014-0782-3},
Key = {fds253934}
}
@article{fds253926,
Author = {Abler, LA and Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Eaton, LA and Choi, KW and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Longitudinal cohort study of depression, post-traumatic
stress, and alcohol use in South African women who attend
alcohol serving venues.},
Journal = {Bmc Psychiatry},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {224},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0224-9},
Abstract = {In South Africa, alcohol use poses a public health burden.
Hazardous alcohol use often co-occurs with psychological
distress (e.g., depression and post-traumatic stress).
However, the majority of the research establishing the
relationship between alcohol use and psychological distress
has been cross-sectional, so the nature of co-occurring
changes in psychological distress and alcohol use over time
is not well characterized. The objective of this study is to
examine the longitudinal relationship between psychological
distress and alcohol use among South African women who
attend alcohol serving venues.Four waves of data were
collected over the course of a year from 560 women in a Cape
Town township who attended drinking venues. At each
assessment wave, participants reported depressive symptoms,
post-traumatic stress symptoms, and alcohol use. Multilevel
growth models were used to: 1) assess the patterns of
alcohol use; 2) examine how depressive symptoms uniquely,
post-traumatic stress symptoms uniquely, and depressive and
post-traumatic stress symptoms together were associated with
alcohol use; and 3) characterize the within person and
between person associations of depressive symptoms and
post-traumatic stress symptoms with alcohol use.Women
reported high levels of alcohol use throughout the study
period, which declined slightly over time. Post-traumatic
stress symptoms were highly correlated with depressive
symptoms. Modeled separately, both within person and between
person depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms were
uniquely associated with alcohol use. When modeled together,
significant between person effects indicated that women who
typically have more post-traumatic stress symptoms, when
controlling for depressive symptoms, are at risk for
increased alcohol use; however, women with more depressive
symptoms, controlling for post-traumatic stress symptoms, do
not have differential risk for alcohol use. Significant
within person effects indicated an interaction between
depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms; women
reported more alcohol use than usual at times when they had
higher post-traumatic stress symptoms, and this increase in
alcohol use was further exacerbated for women who also had
higher depressive symptoms than usual.These findings suggest
that interventions targeting post-traumatic stress,
especially when post-traumatic stress is comorbid with
depression, may reduce alcohol use among South African women
who drink.},
Doi = {10.1186/s12888-014-0224-9},
Key = {fds253926}
}
@article{fds253928,
Author = {Eloff, I and Finestone, M and Makin, JD and Boeving-Allen, A and Visser,
M and Ebersöhn, L and Ferreira, R and Sikkema, KJ and Briggs-Gowan, MJ and Forsyth, BWC},
Title = {A randomized clinical trial of an intervention to promote
resilience in young children of HIV-positive mothers in
South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {28 Suppl 3},
Pages = {S347-S357},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0269-9370},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000000335},
Keywords = {Alcohol • Fetal alcohol syndrome • Pregnancy
• South Africa},
Abstract = {The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of an
intervention designed to promote resilience in young
children living with their HIV-positive mothers.HIV-positive
women attending clinics in Tshwane, South Africa, and their
children, aged 6-10 years, were randomized to the
intervention (I) or standard care (S). The intervention
consisted of 24 weekly group sessions led by community care
workers. Mothers and children were in separate groups for 14
sessions, followed by 10 interactive sessions. The primary
focus was on parent-child communication and parenting.
Assessments were completed by mothers and children at
baseline and 6, 12 and 18 months. Repeated mixed linear
analyses were used to assess change over time.Of 390
mother-child pairs, 84.6% (I: 161 and S: 169) completed at
least two interviews and were included in the analyses.
Children's mean age was 8.4 years and 42% of mothers had
been ill in the prior 3 months. Attendance in groups was
variable: only 45.7% attended more than 16 sessions.
Intervention mothers reported significant improvements in
children's externalizing behaviours (ß = -2.8, P = 0.002),
communication (ß = 4.3, P = 0.025) and daily living skills
(ß = 5.9, P = 0.024), although improvement in internalizing
behaviours and socialization was not significant (P = 0.061
and 0.052, respectively). Intervention children reported a
temporary increase in anxiety but did not report differences
in depression or emotional intelligence.This is the first
study demonstrating benefits of an intervention designed to
promote resilience among young children of HIV-positive
mothers. The intervention was specifically designed for an
African context and has the potential to benefit large
numbers of children, if it can be widely
implemented.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/qad.0000000000000335},
Key = {fds253928}
}
@article{fds253932,
Author = {Thurston, IB and Dietrich, J and Bogart, LM and Otwombe, KN and Sikkema,
KJ and Nkala, B and Gray, GE},
Title = {Correlates of sexual risk among sexual minority and
heterosexual South African youths.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {104},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1265-1269},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2013.301865},
Keywords = {adult victims • alcohol and drugs • cultural
contexts • domestic violence • predicting domestic
violence • sexual assault},
Abstract = {We explored psychosocial correlates of sexual risk among
heterosexual and sexual minority youths (SMYs) in
Johannesburg, South Africa. Young people 16 to 18 years old
(n = 822) were administered surveys assessing demographic
characteristics, sexual behaviors, mental health, and
parent-child communication. Adjusted multivariate
regressions examining correlates of sexual risk revealed
that SMYs had more sexual partners than heterosexual youths
(B = 3.90; SE = 0.95; P < .001) and were more likely to
engage in sex trading (OR = 3.11; CI = 1.12-8.62; P < .05).
South African SMYs are at increased risk relative to their
heterosexual peers.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.2013.301865},
Key = {fds253932}
}
@article{fds253950,
Author = {Eaton, LA and Kalichman, SC and Pitpitan, EV and Cain, DN and Watt, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {The relationship between attending alcohol serving venues
nearby versus distant to one's residence and sexual risk
taking in a South African township.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {381-390},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1573-3521},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23404137},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Data Collection •
Epidemics • Female • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Medically Underserved Area • Risk-Taking • Sex
Offenses • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• South Africa • Substance-Related Disorders
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • statistics &
numerical data • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission},
Abstract = {South Africa remains a country with one of the highest
prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS at 18% among 15-49 year olds.
Underdeveloped urban areas, or townships, are particularly
hard hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Alcohol use in these
townships has been established as an important risk factor
for HIV transmission. Likewise, alcohol serving venues
(shebeens) have been identified as sites where substance
abuse and sexual risk taking occur. However, little is known
about how proximity of alcohol serving establishments
(shebeens) to one's residence may be related to sexual
risk-taking We surveyed 3,261 men and women attending
shebeens in a township located in Cape Town, South Africa.
We investigated the relationships between attending nearby
(<15 min walk) versus distant (>15 min walk) shebeens, and
sex and substance abuse related risk-taking. Women who
attended distant shebeens versus nearby shebeens relative to
their residence were approximately twice as likely to report
HIV positive status. Bivariate analyses demonstrated that
these women were also more likely to report other sexually
transmitted infections, greater numbers of sex partners,
higher rates of alcohol and drug use, and seeking out new
sex partners at shebeen. No differences in sex behavior,
substance use or HIV/STI were identified among men.
Proximity of shebeens appears to be an important contextual
factor in explaining HIV/STI transmission risk-taking.
Future studies should focus on how anonymity may be related
to sexual risk and substance use behaviors among women in
South African townships.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10865-013-9495-8},
Key = {fds253950}
}
@article{fds253952,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Watt, MH and Sikkema,
KJ and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Cain, D},
Title = {Men (and women) as "sellers" of sex in alcohol-serving
venues in Cape Town, South Africa.},
Journal = {Prevention Science : the Official Journal of the Society for
Prevention Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {296-308},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1573-6695},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23494405},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Data Collection •
Epidemics • Female • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Medically Underserved Area • Risk-Taking • Sex
Offenses • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• South Africa • Substance-Related Disorders
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • statistics &
numerical data • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission},
Abstract = {The relationship between transactional sex, HIV risk, and
partner violence has been well documented in South Africa,
but research has focused primarily on women and has not been
conducted in high-risk social contexts. The aim of this
study was to examine associations between transactional sex
and HIV risk among women and men in alcohol-serving venues
in Cape Town, South Africa. We surveyed 1,989 women and
2,468 men attending alcohol-serving venues in Cape Town,
South Africa to assess transactional sex behavior (i.e.,
receiving money or goods in exchange for sex), alcohol and
drug use, history of childhood abuse, current relationship
violence, and sexual risk behaviors. Among both women and
men, trading sex was related to higher alcohol use, greater
likelihood of drug use, substance use in sexual contexts,
and a greater likelihood of experiencing physical and sexual
violence. Compared to other women, women who traded sex
reported a greater proportion of condom-unprotected sex;
this relationship was not found for men. Analyses showed
that men were almost twice as more likely to report trading
sex for items, including money or alcohol, than women (9.7
vs. 5.8 %). Overall, men who traded sex were similar to
their female counterparts. Similar associations between
trading sex and different risk behaviors were found among
women and men with limited economic means and substance use
problems. Future research should more closely study
transactional sex in high-risk venues as it relates to
violence and should examine men who trade sex as a potential
bridge population between heterosexual women and men who
have sex with men.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11121-013-0381-y},
Key = {fds253952}
}
@article{fds253954,
Author = {Eaton, LA and Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D and Cain,
DN},
Title = {Food insecurity and alcohol use among pregnant women at
alcohol-serving establishments in South Africa.},
Journal = {Prevention Science : the Official Journal of the Society for
Prevention Research},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {309-317},
Year = {2014},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1573-6695},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23526080},
Keywords = {Advisory Committees* • Community Networks •
Community-Based Participatory Research •
Community-Institutional Relations* • Cooperative
Behavior • Decision Making • Family • HIV
Infections • Health Promotion • Health Resources
• Humans • Kenya • Mental Health* •
Power (Psychology) • Preventive Health Services •
Residence Characteristics • Role • Rural
Population • ethics* • prevention &
control*},
Abstract = {South Africa has the highest rate of fetal alcohol syndrome
(FAS) in the world. While efforts have been made to curb the
high rate of FAS, little is known about situational factors
that may contribute to alcohol use during pregnancy. In the
current paper, we focus on the role of food insecurity and
its relationship to alcohol use among pregnant women. Women
completed computer-assisted interviews. Generalized linear
modeling was used in all analyses. Women attending
alcohol-serving establishments in a township in Cape Town,
South Africa were recruited for the study. Five hundred
sixty women were sampled and 95 women reported being
pregnant. High levels of alcohol use were reported among
pregnant women: 65 % of women consumed alcohol at least
every month and 29 % consumed alcohol as often as two to
three times per week. Thirty-four percent of the women
reported having six or more drinks per occasion on at least
a weekly basis. The majority (87 %) of pregnant women
reported experiencing some form of food insecurity (e.g.,
food unavailable, eating less) in the past month. Alcohol
use was significantly associated with food insecurity, even
when controlling for relevant demographic variables.
Intervention with pregnant women who consume alcohol is
urgently needed. Future research should focus on
understanding the intersection of food insecurity and
alcohol, and how the experience of food insecurity may
contribute to greater rates of alcohol use and abuse among
pregnant women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11121-013-0386-6},
Key = {fds253954}
}
@article{fds253936,
Author = {Coetzee, J and Dietrich, J and Otwombe, K and Nkala, B and Khunwane, M and van der Watt, M and Sikkema, KJ and Gray, GE},
Title = {Predictors of parent-adolescent communication in
post-apartheid South Africa: a protective factor in
adolescent sexual and reproductive health.},
Journal = {Journal of Adolescence},
Volume = {37},
Number = {3},
Pages = {313-324},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0140-1971},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.01.006},
Keywords = {Adolescence • Ethnicity • Parent–adolescent
communication • Post-apartheid South Africa •
Survey},
Abstract = {In the HIV context, risky sexual behaviours can be reduced
through effective parent-adolescent communication. This
study used the Parent Adolescent Communication Scale to
determine parent-adolescent communication by ethnicity and
identify predictors of high parent-adolescent communication
amongst South African adolescents post-apartheid. A
cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey was
administered to 822 adolescents from Johannesburg, South
Africa. Backward stepwise multivariate regressions were
performed. The sample was predominantly Black African (62%,
n = 506) and female (57%, n = 469). Of the participants, 57%
(n = 471) reported high parent-adolescent communication.
Multivariate regression showed that gender was a significant
predictor of high parent-adolescent communication (Black
African OR:1.47, CI: 1.0-2.17, Indian OR: 2.67, CI:
1.05-6.77, White OR: 2.96, CI: 1.21-7.18). Female-headed
households were predictors of high parent-adolescent
communication amongst Black Africans (OR:1.49, CI:
1.01-2.20), but of low parent-adolescent communication
amongst Whites (OR:0.36, CI: 0.15-0.89). Overall levels of
parent-adolescent communication in South Africa are low. HIV
prevention programmes for South African adolescents should
include information and skills regarding effective
parent-adolescent communication.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.01.006},
Key = {fds253936}
}
@article{fds253938,
Author = {Choi, KW and Abler, LA and Watt, MH and Eaton, LA and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Drinking before and after pregnancy recognition among South
African women: the moderating role of traumatic
experiences.},
Journal = {Bmc Pregnancy and Childbirth},
Volume = {14},
Number = {3},
Pages = {97},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1471-2393},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-97},
Keywords = {Adolescence • Ethnicity • Parent–adolescent
communication • Post-apartheid South Africa •
Survey},
Abstract = {South Africa has one of the world's highest rates of fetal
alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and interpersonal trauma.
These co-occurring public health problems raise the need to
understand alcohol consumption among trauma-exposed pregnant
women in this setting. Since a known predictor of drinking
during pregnancy is drinking behavior before pregnancy, this
study explored the relationship between women's drinking
levels before and after pregnancy recognition, and whether
traumatic experiences - childhood abuse or recent intimate
partner violence (IPV) - moderated this relationship.Women
with incident pregnancies (N = 66) were identified from a
longitudinal cohort of 560 female drinkers in a township of
Cape Town, South Africa. Participants were included if they
reported no pregnancy at one assessment and then reported
pregnancy four months later at the next assessment. Alcohol
use was measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification
Test (AUDIT), and traumatic experiences of childhood abuse
and recent IPV were also assessed. Hierarchical linear
regressions controlling for race and age examined childhood
abuse and recent IPV as moderators of the effect of
pre-pregnancy recognition drinking on post-pregnancy
recognition AUDIT scores.Following pregnancy recognition,
73% of women reported drinking at hazardous levels (AUDIT
≥ 8). Sixty-four percent reported early and/or recent
exposure to trauma. While drinking levels before pregnancy
significantly predicted drinking levels after pregnancy
recognition, t(64) = 3.50, p < .01, this relationship was
moderated by experiences of childhood abuse, B = -.577,
t(60) = -2.58, p = .01, and recent IPV, B = -.477, t(60) =
-2.16, p = .04. Pregnant women without traumatic experiences
reported drinking at levels consistent with levels before
pregnancy recognition. However, women with traumatic
experiences tended to report elevated AUDIT scores following
pregnancy recognition, even if low-risk drinkers
previously.This study explored how female drinkers in South
Africa may differentially modulate their drinking patterns
upon pregnancy recognition, depending on trauma history. Our
results suggest that women with traumatic experiences are
more likely to exhibit risky alcohol consumption when they
become pregnant, regardless of prior risk. These findings
illuminate the relevance of trauma-informed efforts to
reduce FASD in South Africa.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1186/1471-2393-14-97},
Key = {fds253938}
}
@article{fds253931,
Author = {Allen, AB and Finestone, M and Eloff, I and Sipsma, H and Makin, J and Triplett, K and Ebersöhn, L and Sikkema, K and Briggs-Gowan, M and Visser, M and Ferreira, R and Forsyth, BWC},
Title = {The role of parenting in affecting the behavior and adaptive
functioning of young children of HIV-infected mothers in
South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {605-616},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-013-0544-7},
Abstract = {Prior investigations suggest that maternal HIV/AIDS poses
significant challenges to young children. This study
investigates the relationships between mothers'
psychological functioning, parenting, and children's
behavioral outcomes and functioning in a population of women
living with HIV (N = 361) with a child between the ages of 6
and 10 years in Tshwane, South Africa. Utilizing path
analysis, findings revealed that maternal depression is
related to increased parenting stress and parent-child
dysfunction, maternal coping is related to parenting style,
and maternal coping, parenting style and stress, and
parent-child dysfunction are associated with children's
behavior and functioning, with parenting emerging as an
important mediator. These findings suggest that
interventions for women living with HIV and their children
should not only address maternal psychological functioning
(depression and coping), but should also focus on parenting,
promoting a positive approach.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-013-0544-7},
Key = {fds253931}
}
@article{fds253937,
Author = {Eaton, LA and Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D and Cain,
DN},
Title = {Beliefs about fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among men and
women at alcohol serving establishments in South
Africa.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol
Abuse},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {87-94},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0095-2990},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2013.830621},
Keywords = {Adolescence • Ethnicity • Parent–adolescent
communication • Post-apartheid South Africa •
Survey},
Abstract = {South Africa has one of the highest rates of fetal alcohol
spectrum disorder (FASD) in the world. However, little is
known about what men and women who attend alcohol serving
establishments believe about alcohol use during pregnancy
and how these beliefs may be related to alcohol use.To
understand FASD beliefs and related behaviors among men and
women attending alcohol-serving establishments.We surveyed
1047 men (n = 565) and women (n = 482) -including
pregnant women and men with pregnant partners- attending
alcohol serving establishments in a township located in Cape
Town, South Africa.Among both pregnant (n = 53) and
non-pregnant (n = 429) women, 54% reported drinking
alcohol at least 2-4 times per month, and 57% reported
having at least 3-4 alcohol drinks during a typical drinking
session. Pregnant women were less likely to believe that
they should not drink alcohol and that alcohol can harm a
fetus when compared to non-pregnant women. Similar findings
were observed between men with pregnant partners compared to
men without pregnant partners. Among women, beliefs about
how much alcohol pregnant women can safely drink were
associated with self-reported alcohol use.Efforts to address
FASD need to focus on understanding how men and women
perceive alcohol use during pregnancy and situational
factors that contribute to alcohol consumption among
pregnant women attending alcohol serving establishments.
Structural and individual-level interventions targeting
women at alcohol serving establishments should be
prioritized to mitigate alcohol use during
pregnancy.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.3109/00952990.2013.830621},
Key = {fds253937}
}
@article{fds253941,
Author = {Watt, MH and Meade, CS and Kimani, S and MacFarlane, JC and Choi, KW and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {The impact of methamphetamine ("tik") on a peri-urban
community in Cape Town, South Africa.},
Journal = {Int J Drug Policy},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {219-225},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1873-4758},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24246503},
Keywords = {Methamphetamine • Qualitative • South
Africa},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, South Africa's Western
Cape has experienced a dramatic increase in methamphetamine
("tik") use. Our study explored local impressions of the
impact of tik use in a peri-urban township community in Cape
Town, South Africa. METHODS: We conducted individual
in-depth interviews with 55 women and 37 men who were
regular attendees of alcohol-serving venues. Interviews were
recorded and transcribed. A content analysis approach was
used to identify themes related to the impact of tik use
based on levels of the socio-ecological framework
(individual, inter-personal and community). RESULTS: Tik use
was reported to be a greater issue among Coloureds, compared
to Blacks. At an individual level, respondents reported that
tik use had adverse effects on mental, physical, and
economic well-being, and limited future opportunities
through school drop-out and incarceration. At an
inter-personal level, respondents reported that tik use
contributed to physical and sexual violence as well as
increased rates of sexual risk behaviour, particularly
through transactional sex relationships. Respondents
described how tik use led to household conflict, and had
negative impacts on children, including neglect and poor
birth outcomes. At a community level, respondents linked tik
use to increased rates of crime, violence and corruption,
which undercut community cohesion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results
highlight the negative impact that tik is having on
individuals, households and the overall community in a
peri-urban setting in South Africa. There is a clear need
for interventions to prevent tik use in South Africa and to
mitigate and address the impact of tik on multiple
levels.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.10.007},
Key = {fds253941}
}
@article{fds253890,
Author = {Miles, MS and Holditch-Davis, D and Pedersen, C and J.Eron, J and Schwartz, T},
Title = {Emotional distress in african american women with
hiv},
Pages = {35-50},
Booktitle = {HIV: Issues with Mental Health and Illness},
Publisher = {Routledge},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781315785509},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315785509},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315785509},
Key = {fds253890}
}
@article{fds253945,
Author = {Choi, KW and Watt, MH and MacFarlane, JC and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Kalichman, SC},
Title = {Drinking in the Context of Life Stressors: A
Multidimensional Coping Strategy Among South African
Women.},
Journal = {Substance Use & Misuse},
Volume = {49},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {66-76},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1532-2491},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23905586},
Keywords = {Adult • Buprenorphine • Feasibility Studies •
Female • HIV Infections* • Humans • Male
• Naloxone • Narcotic Antagonists • Opiate
Substitution Treatment • Opioid-Related Disorders
• Patient Education as Topic • Risk Reduction
Behavior • Sex Counseling • Sexual Behavior •
Treatment Outcome • diagnosis • drug therapy
• methods • methods* • prevention & control
• psychology • therapeutic use • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {This study explored narratives of drinking as a coping
strategy among female drinkers in a South African township.
In 2010-2011, we conducted qualitative in-depth interviews
with 54 women recruited from 12 alcohol-serving venues. Most
women drank heavily and linked their drinking to stressors.
They were motivated to use drinking to manage their
emotions, facilitate social engagement, and achieve a sense
of empowerment, even while recognizing the limitations of
this strategy. This study helps to contextualize heavy
drinking behavior among women in this setting. Multifaceted
interventions that help female drinkers to more effectively
manage stressors may aid in reducing hazardous
drinking.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2013.819365},
Key = {fds253945}
}
@article{fds253883,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Meade, CS and Doughty-Berry, JD and Zimmerman, SO and Kloos, B and Snow, DL},
Title = {Community-level hiv prevention for persons with severe
mental illness living in supportive housing programs: A
pilot intervention study},
Journal = {Hiv: Issues With Mental Health and Illness},
Pages = {121-136},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315785509},
Doi = {10.4324/9781315785509},
Key = {fds253883}
}
@article{fds253891,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Stein, DJ and Joska, J},
Title = {Traumatic stressors and the psychoneuroimmunology of
HIV/AIDS},
Booktitle = {HIV/AIDS and Psychiatry},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Editor = {Joska, J and Stein, D and Grant, I},
Year = {2014},
Key = {fds253891}
}
@article{fds253933,
Author = {Watt, MH and Wilson, SM and Joseph, M and Masenga, G and MacFarlane, JC and Oneko, O and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Religious coping among women with obstetric fistula in
Tanzania.},
Journal = {Glob Public Health},
Volume = {9},
Number = {5},
Pages = {516-527},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1744-1692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2014.903988},
Keywords = {Tanzania • gender • maternal health •
obstetric fistula • religion},
Abstract = {Religion is an important aspect of Tanzanian culture, and is
often used to cope with adversity and distress. This study
aimed to examine religious coping among women with obstetric
fistulae. Fifty-four women receiving fistula repair at a
Tanzanian hospital completed a structured survey. The Brief
RCOPE assessed positive and negative religious coping
strategies. Analyses included associations between negative
religious coping and key variables (demographics,
religiosity, depression, social support and stigma).
Forty-five women also completed individual in-depth
interviews where religion was discussed. Although
participants utilised positive religious coping strategies
more frequently than negative strategies (p < .001), 76%
reported at least one form of negative religious coping. In
univariate analysis, negative religious coping was
associated with stigma, depression and low social support.
In multivariate analysis, only depression remained
significant, explaining 42% of the variance in coping.
Qualitative data confirmed reliance upon religion to deal
with fistula-related distress, and suggested that negative
forms of religious coping may be an expression of depressive
symptoms. Results suggest that negative religious coping
could reflect cognitive distortions and negative
emotionality, characteristic of depression. Religious
leaders should be engaged to recognise signs of depression
and provide appropriate pastoral/spiritual counselling and
general psychosocial support for this population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/17441692.2014.903988},
Key = {fds253933}
}
@article{fds253940,
Author = {Wilson, SM and Sikkema, KJ and Ranby, KW},
Title = {Gender moderates the influence of psychosocial factors and
drug use on HAART adherence in the context of HIV and
childhood sexual abuse.},
Journal = {Aids Care},
Volume = {26},
Number = {8},
Pages = {959-967},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1360-0451},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24410324},
Keywords = {HIV • childhood sexual abuse • drug abuse •
gender difference • medication adherence •
structural equation modeling},
Abstract = {This study aimed to examine gender moderation within a
stress and coping model of HIV medication adherence in
adults with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA).
Sequelae of CSA, including negative coping, psychological
distress, and drug use, interfere with adherence to highly
active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). These obstacles to
adherence are likely moderated by gender. Gender may
particularly influence the mediational effect of drug use on
adherence. Participants included 206 adults living with
HIV/AIDS and CSA. Categorical/continuous variable
methodology in a structural equation modeling framework was
used to test a multigroup model with women and men. Gender
significantly moderated several effects in the model. For
women, the effect of psychological distress on HAART
adherence was mediated by drug use and the effect of drug
use on viral load was mediated by HAART adherence. Among
men, drug use did not significantly impact adherence. Since
gender appears to moderate the effect of drug use on
medication adherence, it is particularly important to
address drug use within the context of HIV disease
management in women with a history of CSA. Further,
interventions to increase HAART adherence should take trauma
history, gender, and drug abuse into account when assessing
efficacy.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540121.2013.873765},
Key = {fds253940}
}
@article{fds253951,
Author = {Skalski, LM and Sikkema, KJ and Heckman, TG and Meade,
CS},
Title = {Coping styles and illicit drug use in older adults with
HIV/AIDS.},
Journal = {Psychol Addict Behav},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1050-1058},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1939-1501},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23438250},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Data Collection •
Epidemics • Female • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Medically Underserved Area • Risk-Taking • Sex
Offenses • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• South Africa • Substance-Related Disorders
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • statistics &
numerical data • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission},
Abstract = {The prevalence of HIV infection in older adults is
increasing; by 2015, over half of adults living with
HIV/AIDS in the United States will be over 50. This study
describes the prevalence of drug use and examines
psychosocial predictors of drug use in a sample of
HIV-infected adults aged 50 and older. Participants were 301
HIV-positive older adults enrolled in a clinical trial of a
coping intervention aimed to reduce their depressive
symptoms. One-quarter used illicit drugs in the past 60 days
(48% any cocaine, 48% weekly marijuana, 44% any other drugs)
with an average of 36 days for marijuana and 15 days for
cocaine. After controlling for demographics,
self-destructive avoidance was positively associated and
spiritual coping was negatively associated with drug use.
These findings suggest that assessment of drug abuse should
be a routine part of care for older patients in HIV clinics.
Furthermore, interventions designed to increase spiritual
coping and decrease self-destructive avoidance may be
particularly efficacious for HIV-infected older
adults.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/a0031044},
Key = {fds253951}
}
@article{fds253942,
Author = {Edelman, EJ and Moore, BA and Caffrey, S and Sikkema, KJ and Jones, ES and Schottenfeld, RS and Fiellin, DA and Fiellin, LE},
Title = {HIV testing and sexual risk reduction counseling in
office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment.},
Journal = {Journal of Addiction Medicine},
Volume = {7},
Number = {6},
Pages = {410-416},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1932-0620},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24189173},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We assessed the feasibility and preliminary
efficacy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing with
sexual risk reduction counseling for opioid-dependent
patients initiating office-based buprenorphine/naloxone
treatment. METHODS: We conducted a 14-week randomized,
controlled trial with 30 patients (original target of 114)
assigned to receive buprenorphine/naloxone
induction/stabilization and HIV testing with Brief Sexual
Risk Management (BSRM) or Enhanced Sexual Risk Management
(ESRM). We evaluated process measures and compared outcomes
at baseline and during the 3-month follow-up. RESULTS:
Similar proportions of patients receiving BSRM and ESRM
underwent HIV testing (93% vs 80%; P = 0.28) and completed
counseling sessions (80% vs 67%; P = 0.40). Brief Sexual
Risk Management sessions were shorter than ESRM sessions
(15.4 vs 23.4 minutes), with comparable manual adherence (P
= 0.80). Outcomes did not vary by BSRM versus ESRM.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the recruitment of opioid-dependent
patients with sexual risk behaviors is challenging, HIV
testing with sexual risk reduction counseling in
office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment practice is
feasible. Interventions to decrease sexual risk behaviors
among a segment of this population are necessary.},
Doi = {10.1097/adm.0b013e3182a3b603},
Key = {fds253942}
}
@article{fds253955,
Author = {Eaton, LA and Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Men who report recent male and female sex partners in Cape
Town, South Africa: an understudied and underserved
population.},
Journal = {Archives of Sexual Behavior},
Volume = {42},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1299-1308},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1573-2800},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23519592},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Data Collection •
Epidemics • Female • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Medically Underserved Area • Risk-Taking • Sex
Offenses • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• South Africa • Substance-Related Disorders
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • statistics &
numerical data • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission},
Abstract = {The HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa has largely focused on
the needs of heterosexual men and women. However, little is
known about the sexual risk histories of men who have sex
with both men and women (MSMW). Furthermore, we know very
little about the psychosocial health needs or of the
possibility of a syndemic (numerous interrelated epidemics)
among MSMW. We surveyed 1,203 men attending drinking
establishments in a township located in Cape Town, South
Africa. We compared the behaviors and experiences of MSMW to
men reporting only having sex with women (MSW). Twelve
percent of the sample reported having sex with both men and
women in the past 4 months. MSMW were twice as likely as MSW
to report being HIV positive (10.5 vs. 4.6 %). MSW were more
likely to be married than MSMW but reported similar numbers
of female sex partners. MSMW were more likely to report a
history of childhood sexual abuse, recent experienced and
perpetrated physical and sexual partner violence, both
receiving and giving sex for money, drugs, or shelter, and a
recent STI. These factors were found to be interrelated
among MSW but not MSMW. Although MSMW demonstrate
considerable risk taking and report higher rates of HIV
infection than MSW, their needs are largely unmet and
underemphasized. Findings suggest the need to better
understand factors contributing to sexual risk taking among
MSMW. HIV prevention interventions should consider
psychosocial health problems unique to MSMW residing in
South African townships.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10508-013-0077-1},
Key = {fds253955}
}
@article{fds253943,
Author = {Dietrich, J and Sikkema, K and Otwombe, KN and Sanchez, A and Nkala, B and de Bruyn, G and Van Der Watt and M and Gray, GE},
Title = {Multiple Levels of Influence in Predicting Sexual Activity
and Condom Use Among Adolescents in Soweto, Johannesburg,
South Africa},
Journal = {Journal of Hiv/Aids & Social Services},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {404-423},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2013},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1538-1501},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2013.819312},
Abstract = {HIV prevalence amongst 15-19 year olds in South Africa is
6.7% and 2.5% in females and males respectively. Using an
interviewer-administered cross-sectional survey, we examined
individual, interpersonal, family and community factors
associated with sexual activity and condom use among 506
adolescents 16-18 years from Soweto, Johannesburg. The
sample was mainly female (59%, n = 298). Using multivariate
logistic regression, males (OR:2.6, CI: 1.4-4.8), older
partners (OR:4.5, CI: 1.5-13.8), hazardous alcohol use
(OR:2.4, CI: 1.1-5.2) and permissive attitudes about sex
(OR:1.6, CI: 1.3-2.1) predicted sexual activity. A first
partner at a younger age (OR:1.2, CI: 1.1-1.4) and having
older partners (OR:0.29, CI: 0.13-0.68) predicted lack of
condom use. For females, increasing age (OR:2.7 CI:1.4-5.5),
older partners (OR: 3.3 CI:1.4-7.6), and permissive
attitudes about sex (OR: 1.6 CI:1.2-2.1) predicted sexual
activity. Multiple levels have to be addressed in developing
HIV prevention programs for adolescents in Soweto. © 2013
Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.},
Doi = {10.1080/15381501.2013.819312},
Key = {fds253943}
}
@article{fds253948,
Author = {Drabkin, AS and Sikkema, KJ and Wilson, PA and Meade, CS and Hansen, NB and DeLorenzo, A and Kochman, A and MacFarlane, JC and Watt, MH and Aunon,
FM and Ranby, KW and Mayer, G},
Title = {Risk patterns preceding diagnosis among newly HIV-diagnosed
men who have sex with men in New York City.},
Journal = {Aids Patient Care Stds},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {333-341},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1557-7449},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23730703},
Keywords = {Adult • CD4 Lymphocyte Count • Condoms • HIV
Infections • Health Behavior • Homosexuality, Male
• Humans • Interviews as Topic • Male •
Mass Screening • New York City • Population
Surveillance • Questionnaires • Risk Factors
• Risk-Taking* • Socioeconomic Factors •
Substance-Related Disorders • Time Factors •
Unsafe Sex • Viral Load • Young Adult •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • psychology •
statistics & numerical data • statistics & numerical
data* • utilization},
Abstract = {Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for
contracting and transmitting HIV. They are increasingly
encouraged to get tested, but understanding of the interplay
between HIV testing and risk behavior is limited. One
hundred fifty newly HIV-diagnosed (within past 3 months) MSM
were recruited from a community clinic in New York City.
Participants completed an interview assessing sexual
behavior and substance use during the 3 months
pre-diagnosis, current depressive symptoms, and prior HIV
testing. HIV-related health characteristics at diagnosis
were abstracted from medical records. Analyses examined
factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI)
in the 3 months pre-diagnosis, and with a negative HIV test
in the 12 months pre-diagnosis. The sample was young (mean
age=32.5, SD=8.8), ethnically diverse (62% racial/ethnic
minority), low-income (71%≤$30,000/year), and educated
(48% college/advanced degree). Most (95%) had a prior
negative HIV test, 55% within the last 12 months.
Significant risk behavior was reported, with 79% reporting
UAI. UAI was associated with recent testing and use of
substances during sexual behavior. Recent testing was
associated with being employed/a student, having had UAI,
and higher CD4 count. Implications for future research
addressing perceived HIV risk, HIV testing utilization, and
risk behavior are discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/apc.2012.0313},
Key = {fds253948}
}
@article{fds254006,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Cain, D and Sikkema,
KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Gender-based violence, alcohol use, and sexual risk among
female patrons of drinking venues in Cape Town, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {295-304},
Year = {2013},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1573-3521},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22526526},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcoholic Intoxication • Alcoholism •
Binge Drinking • Developing Countries* • Female
• Gender Identity* • HIV Infections • Health
Surveys • Humans • Risk Factors • Social
Environment* • South Africa • Spouse Abuse •
Statistics as Topic • Unsafe Sex • Violence •
complications • epidemiology • epidemiology*
• prevention & control • psychology •
psychology* • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission*},
Abstract = {Gender-based violence is a well-recognized risk factor for
HIV infection among women. Alcohol use is associated with
both gender-based violence and sexual risk behavior, but has
not been examined as a correlate of both in a context of
both high HIV risk and hazardous drinking. The purpose of
this paper is to examine the association between recent
abuse by a sex partner with alcohol and sexual risk behavior
among female patrons of alcohol serving venues in South
Africa. Specifically, the aim of this study is to determine
whether sexual risk behaviors are associated with
gender-based violence after controlling for levels of
alcohol use. We surveyed 1,388 women attending informal
drinking establishments in Cape Town, South Africa to assess
recent history of gender-based violence, drinking, and
sexual risk behaviors. Gender-based violence was associated
with both drinking and sexual risk behaviors after
controlling for demographics among the women. A hierarchical
logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling
for alcohol use sexual risk behavior remained significantly
associated with gender-based violence, particularly with
meeting a new sex partner at the bar, recent STI diagnosis,
and engaging in transactional sex, but not protected
intercourse or number of partners. In South Africa where
heavy drinking is prevalent women may be at particular risk
of physical abuse from intimate partners as well as higher
sexual risk. Interventions that aim to reduce gender-based
violence and sexual risk behaviors must directly work to
reduce drinking behavior.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10865-012-9423-3},
Key = {fds254006}
}
@article{fds253949,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Pian, J and Sikkema, KJ and Ogwang-Odhiambo, RA and Broverman, SA},
Title = {Developing a family-based HIV prevention intervention in
rural Kenya: challenges in conducting community-based
participatory research.},
Journal = {Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics :
Jerhre},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {119-128},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1556-2654},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651936},
Keywords = {Advisory Committees* • Community Networks •
Community-Based Participatory Research •
Community-Institutional Relations* • Cooperative
Behavior • Decision Making • Family • HIV
Infections • Health Promotion • Health Resources
• Humans • Kenya • Mental Health* •
Power (Psychology) • Preventive Health Services •
Residence Characteristics • Role • Rural
Population • ethics* • prevention &
control*},
Abstract = {Community-Based Participatory research (CBPR) introduces new
ethical challenges for HIV prevention studies in
low-resource international settings. We describe a CBPR
study in rural Kenya to develop and pilot a family-based HIV
prevention and mental health promotion intervention.
Academic partners (APs) worked with a community advisory
committee (CAC) during formative research, intervention
development, and a pilot trial. Ethical challenges emerged
related to: negotiating power imbalances between APs and the
CAC; CAC members' shifting roles as part of the CAC and
wider community; and anticipated challenges in decision
making about sustainability. Factors contributing to ethical
dilemmas included low access to education, scarcity of
financial resources, and the shortage of HIV-related
services despite high prevalence.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1525/jer.2013.8.2.119},
Key = {fds253949}
}
@article{fds253969,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Ranby, KW and Meade, CS and Hansen, NB and Wilson, PA and Kochman, A},
Title = {Reductions in traumatic stress following a coping
intervention were mediated by decreases in avoidant coping
for people living with HIV/AIDS and childhood sexual
abuse.},
Journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {274-283},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1939-2117},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23025248},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Child, Preschool • Female • HIV
Infections • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Psychotherapy, Group • Stress Disorders,
Traumatic • Treatment Outcome • methods* •
physiology* • psychology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine whether (a) Living in the Face of
Trauma (LIFT), a group intervention to address coping with
HIV and childhood sexual abuse (CSA), significantly reduced
traumatic stress over a 1-year follow-up period more than an
attention-matched support group comparison intervention; and
(b) reductions in avoidant coping over time mediated
reductions in traumatic stress. METHOD: In a randomized
controlled trial, 247 participants completed measures of
traumatic stress and avoidant coping at pre- and post
intervention, and at 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-ups. Latent
growth curve modeling examined changes over the 5 time
points; standardized path coefficients provide estimates of
effects. RESULTS: As compared with the support intervention,
the coping intervention led to a reduction in traumatic
stress over time (b = -.20, p < .02). Participants in the
coping intervention also reduced their use of avoidant
coping strategies more than did participants in the support
intervention (b = -.22, p < .05). Mediation analyses showed
reductions in avoidant coping related to reductions in
traumatic stress (b = 1.45, p < .001), and the direct effect
of the intervention on traumatic stress was no longer
significant (b = .04, ns), suggesting that changes in
avoidant coping completely mediated intervention effects on
traumatic stress. CONCLUSIONS: The LIFT intervention
significantly reduced traumatic stress over time, and
changes in avoidant coping strategies mediated this effect,
suggesting a focus on current stressors and coping skills
improvement are important components in addressing traumatic
stress for adults living with HIV and CSA.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/a0030144},
Key = {fds253969}
}
@article{fds254008,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Cain, D and Sikkema,
KJ and Watt, MH and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Co-occurring psychosocial problems and HIV risk among women
attending drinking venues in a South African township: a
syndemic approach.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {153-162},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1532-4796},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23054944},
Keywords = {Adult • African Continental Ancestry Group •
Alcohol Drinking • Comorbidity • Eating •
Female • HIV Infections • Humans •
Longitudinal Studies • Mental Disorders •
Prevalence • Risk Factors • South Africa •
Substance-Related Disorders • Unsafe Sex •
Violence • epidemiology • epidemiology* •
psychology • psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {In South Africa, women comprise the majority of HIV
infections. Syndemics, or co-occurring epidemics and risk
factors, have been applied in understanding HIV risk among
marginalized groups.The purposes of this study are to apply
the syndemic framework to examine psychosocial problems that
co-occur among women attending drinking venues in South
Africa and to test how the co-occurrence of these problems
may exacerbate risk for HIV infection.Five hundred sixty
women from a Cape Town township provided data on multiple
psychosocial problems, including food insufficiency,
depression, abuse experiences, problem drinking, and sexual
behaviors.Bivariate associations among the syndemic factors
showed a high degree of co-occurrence and regression
analyses showed an additive effect of psychosocial problems
on HIV risk behaviors.These results demonstrate the utility
of a syndemic framework to understand co-occurring
psychosocial problems among women in South Africa. HIV
prevention interventions should consider the compounding
effects of psychosocial problems among women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s12160-012-9420-3},
Key = {fds254008}
}
@article{fds326320,
Author = {Wong, K and Somers, TJ and Babyak, M and Sikkema, KJ and Keefe,
FJ},
Title = {PAIN AND EATING IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE INDIVIDUALS WITH
OSTEOARTHRITIS: AN ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY STUDY},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {S95-S95},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds326320}
}
@article{fds253944,
Author = {Kotzé, M and Visser, M and Makin, J and Sikkema, K and Forsyth,
B},
Title = {Psychosocial variables associated with coping of
HIV-positive women diagnosed during pregnancy.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {498-507},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-012-0379-7},
Abstract = {To identify psychosocial variables related to the use of
coping strategies by HIV-positive South African women
diagnosed during pregnancy, structured interviews were
conducted with 224 HIV-positive women at antenatal clinics
over a period of 2 years. Two coping styles, active and
avoidant coping, were assessed using an adapted version of
the Brief COPE. Psychosocial variables associated with
changes in coping over time were identified with mixed
linear analysis. Increases in active coping were associated
with decreasing levels of internalized stigma and
depression, increasing self-esteem and positive social
support, knowing someone who is living with HIV, being
physically healthy and living above the poverty line.
Increases in avoidant coping were associated with increasing
internalized stigma and depression, lower levels of
self-esteem, HIV-knowledge and lower levels of education.
Recommendations are made for psychological support services
to strengthen women's ability to cope and enhance their
health and that of their infants.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-012-0379-7},
Key = {fds253944}
}
@article{fds253967,
Author = {Hansen, NB and Harrison, B and Fambro, S and Bodnar, S and Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {The structure of coping among older adults living with
HIV/AIDS and depressive symptoms.},
Journal = {Journal of Health Psychology},
Volume = {18},
Number = {2},
Pages = {198-211},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1461-7277},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22453164},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Anxiety • Depression • Female
• HIV Infections • Humans • Loneliness •
Male • Middle Aged • Questionnaires • Self
Efficacy • physiology* • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {One-third of adults living with HIV/AIDS are over the age of
50. This study evaluated the structure of coping among 307
older adults living with HIV/AIDS. Participants completed 61
coping items and measures of anxiety, depression,
loneliness, and coping self-efficacy. Exploratory factor
analyses retained 40 coping items loading on five specific
first order factors (Distancing Avoidance, Social Support
Seeking, Self-Destructive Avoidance, Spiritual Coping, and
Solution-Focused Coping) and two general second order
factors (Active and Avoidant Coping). Factors demonstrated
good reliability and validity. Results suggest that general
coping factors should be considered with specific factors
when measuring coping among older adults.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1359105312440299},
Key = {fds253967}
}
@article{fds253947,
Author = {Kotzé, M and Visser, M and Makin, J and Sikkema, K and Forsyth,
B},
Title = {The coping strategies used over a two-year period by
HIV-positive women who had been diagnosed during
pregnancy.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {695-701},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2013.772277},
Abstract = {Structured interviews were conducted with 224 HIV-positive
women diagnosed during pregnancy, at antenatal clinics in
Tshwane, South Africa, in order to investigate the use of
coping strategies during the first two years after
diagnosis. Interviews were conducted between one and four
weeks after diagnosis during pregnancy, with three follow-up
interviews conducted post-partum. Coping strategies were
assessed with an adapted version of the Brief COPE. It was
found that active coping was used more often than avoidant
coping throughout the study period. Active coping increased
over time, while avoidant coping decreased at first but
increased again between 6 and 21 months after diagnosis. The
most frequently used coping strategies included acceptance,
direct action, positive reframing, religion and distraction.
At first, women coped through internalised strategies. Over
time, outward-focused strategies developed. Avoidant coping
patterns differed from previous research indicating that
women diagnosed during pregnancy deal with the consequences
of HIV after the baby is born. Recommendations for mental
health services are made.},
Doi = {10.1080/09540121.2013.772277},
Key = {fds253947}
}
@article{fds253953,
Author = {Sipsma, H and Eloff, I and Makin, J and Finestone, M and Ebersohn, L and Visser, MJ and Sikkema, KJ and Allen, CAB and Ferreira, R and Forsyth,
B},
Title = {Behavior and psychological functioning of young children of
HIV-positive mothers in South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {721-725},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1360-0451},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23514366},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Data Collection •
Epidemics • Female • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Medically Underserved Area • Risk-Taking • Sex
Offenses • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• South Africa • Substance-Related Disorders
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • statistics &
numerical data • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission},
Abstract = {Adults with HIV are living longer due to earlier diagnosis
and increased access to antiretroviral medications.
Therefore, fewer young children are being orphaned and
instead, are being cared for by parents who know they are
HIV positive, although they may be asymptomatic. Presently,
it is unclear whether the psychological functioning of these
young children is likely to be affected or, alternatively,
whether it is only when a mother is ill, that children
suffer adverse effects. We, thus, aimed to compare the
behavior and psychological functioning of young children
(aged 6-10 years) of HIV-positive and HIV-negative mothers.
We also aimed to examine the association between HIV status
disclosure and child outcomes. This study uses
cross-sectional data from the baseline assessment of a
randomized controlled trial conducted in Tshwane, South
Africa. Participants (n=509) and their children were
recruited from area health clinics. Among the 395 mothers
with HIV, 42% reported symptoms of HIV disease. Multivariate
linear regression models suggested that after adjusting for
socio-demographic characteristics, children of HIV-positive
mothers had significantly greater externalizing behaviors
than children of HIV-negative mothers. Importantly, children
whose mothers were symptomatic had greater internalizing and
externalizing behaviors compared with children of
HIV-negative mothers, but this was not true for children of
asymptomatic mothers. Additionally, among children of
HIV-positive mothers, those who had been told their mothers
were sick compared with children who had been told nothing
had less internalizing and externalizing behaviors and
improved daily living skills. This study, therefore,
provides evidence that maternal HIV disease can affect the
behaviors of young children in South Africa but,
importantly, only when the mothers are symptomatic from
their disease. Furthermore, results suggest that disclosure
of maternal illness but not HIV status was associated with
improved behavior and psychological functioning among young
children.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540121.2013.779627},
Key = {fds253953}
}
@article{fds218619,
Author = {KJ Sikkema and KW Ranby and CS Meade and NB Hansen and PA Wilson and A
Kochman},
Title = {Reductions in traumatic stress following a coping
intervention were mediated by decreases in avoidant coping
for people living with HIV/AIDS and childhood sexual
abuse},
Journal = {Journal of consulting and clinical psychology},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {274-283},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine whether (a) Living in the Face of
Trauma (LIFT), a group intervention to address coping with
HIV and childhood sexual abuse (CSA), significantly reduced
traumatic stress over a 1-year follow-up period more than an
attention-matched support group comparison intervention; and
(b) reductions in avoidant coping over time mediated
reductions in traumatic stress. METHODS: In a randomized
controlled trial, 247 participants completed measures of
traumatic stress and avoidant coping at pre- and post
intervention, and at 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-ups. Latent
growth curve modeling examined changes over the 5 time
points; standardized path coefficients provide estimates of
effects. RESULTS: As compared with the support intervention,
the coping intervention led to a reduction in traumatic
stress over time (b = -.20, p < .02). Participants in the
coping intervention also reduced their use of avoidant
coping strategies more than did participants in the support
intervention (b = -.22, p < .05). Mediation analyses
showed reductions in avoidant coping related to reductions
in traumatic stress (b = 1.45, p < .001), and the direct
effect of the intervention on traumatic stress was no longer
significant (b = .04, ns), suggesting that changes in
avoidant coping completely mediated intervention effects on
traumatic stress. CONCLUSION: The LIFT intervention
significantly reduced traumatic stress over time, and
changes in avoidant coping strategies mediated this effect,
suggesting a focus on current stressors and coping skills
improvement are important components in addressing traumatic
stress for adults living with HIV and CSA.},
Key = {fds218619}
}
@article{fds218620,
Author = {KJ Sikkema and NB Hansen and CS Meade and A Kochman and AM
Fox},
Title = {Psychosocial predictors of sexual HIV transmission risk
behavior among HIV-positive adults with a sexual abuse
history in childhood},
Journal = {Archives of Sexual Behavior},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-134},
Year = {2013},
Abstract = {Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with HIV sexual
risk behavior. Although many psychosocial correlates of
sexual risk among HIV-positive persons have been identified,
studies predicting continued risk among HIV-positive adults
with histories of CSA are limited. This cross-sectional
study identified variables predictive of sexual transmission
risk behavior among an ethnically diverse sample of 256
HIV-positive adults (women and men who have sex with men;
MSM) with CSA histories. Participants were assessed for
trauma symptoms, shame related to HIV and sexual trauma,
substance use, coping style, and sexual risk behavior.
Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify
variables predictive of unprotected sexual behavior in the
past 4 months. Unprotected sex was significantly associated
with substance use and trauma-related behavioral
difficulties among women and men, and less spiritual coping
among men. Unprotected sex with HIV negative or serostatus
unknown partners was significantly associated with greater
trauma-related behavioral difficulties, more HIV-related
shame, and fewer active coping strategies. Thus, trauma
symptoms, shame, coping style, and substance use were
significantly associated with sexual risk behavior among
HIV-positive adults with histories of CSA, with models of
prediction differing by gender and partner serostatus. HIV
prevention intervention for persons with HIV and CSA
histories should address trauma-related behavioral
difficulties and enhance coping skills to reduce sexual
transmission risk behavior.},
Key = {fds218620}
}
@article{fds253946,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Watt, M and Sikkema, K and Skinner, D and Pieterse,
D},
Title = {Food insufficiency, substance use, and sexual risks for
HIV/AIDS in informal drinking establishments, Cape Town,
South Africa.},
Journal = {Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy
of Medicine},
Volume = {89},
Number = {6},
Pages = {939-951},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1099-3460},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-012-9686-6},
Abstract = {HIV/AIDS is concentrated in impoverished communities. Two
critical aspects of poverty are food insufficiency and
substance abuse, and both are associated with sexual risks
for HIV/AIDS in southern Africa. The current study is the
first to examine both hunger and substance use in relation
to sexual risks for HIV infection in South African alcohol
serving establishments. Anonymous venue-based intercept
surveys were completed by men (n = 388) and women (n = 407)
patrons of six informal drinking places (e.g., shebeens) in
Cape Town, South Africa. Food insufficiency and its more
extreme form hunger were common in the sample, with 24 % of
men and 53 % of women experiencing hunger in the previous 4
months. Multiple regression analyses showed that quantity of
alcohol use was related to higher rates of unprotected sex
for men and women. Trading sex to meet survival needs was
related to food insufficiency and methamphetamine use among
men but not women. Food insufficiency and substance use may
both contribute to HIV risks in South African shebeens.
However, the influence of hunger and substance use on sexual
risks varies for men and women. Interventions to reduce HIV
transmission risks may be bolstered by reducing both food
insufficiency and substance use.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11524-012-9686-6},
Key = {fds253946}
}
@article{fds254015,
Author = {Visser, M and Finestone, M and Sikkema, K and Boeving-Allen, A and Ferreira, R and Eloff, I and Forsyth, B},
Title = {Development and piloting of a mother and child intervention
to promote resilience in young children of HIV-infected
mothers in South Africa.},
Journal = {Evaluation and Program Planning},
Volume = {35},
Number = {4},
Pages = {491-500},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0149-7189},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.04.001},
Abstract = {This paper describes the process of developing a parallel
intervention for HIV-positive mothers and their young
children (6-10 years) with a view to strengthening the
relationship between them. Strong mother-child relationships
can contribute to enhanced psychological resilience in
children. The intervention was developed through action
research, involving a situation analysis based on focus
group discussions; intervention planning, piloting the
intervention and a formative evaluation of the intervention.
Participants supplied feedback regarding the value of the
intervention in mother-child relationships. The findings
obtained from the formative evaluation were used to refine
the intervention. Two parallel programmes for mothers and
children (15 sessions each) were followed by 10 joint
sessions. The intervention for mothers focused on maternal
mental health and the strengthening of their capacity to
protect and care for their young children. The intervention
for children addressed the development of their self-esteem,
interpersonal relationships and survival skills. The
formative evaluation provided evidence of good
participation, support and group cohesion. Qualitative
feedback indicated that the activities stimulated
mother-child interaction. A similar intervention can easily
be applied elsewhere using the detailed manual. The insights
gained and lessons learnt related to mother and child
interaction within an HIV-context that emerged from this
research, can be valuable in other settings, both in
Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.04.001},
Key = {fds254015}
}
@article{fds254020,
Author = {Meade, CS and Watt, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Deng, LX and Ranby, KW and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Kalichmann, SC},
Title = {Methamphetamine use is associated with childhood sexual
abuse and HIV sexual risk behaviors among patrons of
alcohol-serving venues in Cape Town, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Drug Alcohol Depend},
Volume = {126},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {232-239},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1879-0046},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22717338},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • African Continental Ancestry
Group • Alcohol Drinking • Amphetamine-Related
Disorders • Central Nervous System Stimulants* •
Child Abuse, Sexual • Data Interpretation, Statistical
• Demography • European Continental Ancestry Group
• Female • HIV Infections • Humans •
Male • Methamphetamine* • Middle Aged • Sex
Factors • Socioeconomic Factors • South Africa
• Unsafe Sex • Violence • Young Adult •
complications* • epidemiology • psychology* •
transmission},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: South Africa's Western Cape has experienced a
dramatic increase in methamphetamine ("meth") use over the
past decade. There is concern that meth may further fuel the
HIV epidemic in this country because of its association with
risky sexual behaviors. This study describes the prevalence
of meth use and its relation to HIV sexual risk behaviors
among patrons of alcohol-serving venues. METHODS:
Participants (N=3328) were surveyed in 12 venues in a mixed
race township. Logistic regression models were used to
examine the relations between meth use and sexual risk
behaviors, and structural equation models were used to test
whether meth use mediates the relationship between childhood
sexual abuse and current sexual risk. RESULTS: Meth use in
the past 4 months was more common among Coloured than Black
persons (10.5% vs. 3.5%). Meth users were more likely than
non users to use marijuana, inhalants, and injection drugs,
have a history of childhood sexual and/or physical abuse,
and experience and/or perpetrate intimate partner violence.
Among both men and women, meth use was associated with
greater odds of engaging in sexual risk behaviors, and meth
use partially mediated the relationships between childhood
sexual abuse and all sexual risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS:
Meth users in this setting are at increased risk for HIV due
to their greater likelihood of engaging in sexual risk
behaviors and being in violent relationships. There is an
urgent need to provide targeted HIV prevention and substance
abuse treatment to meth users living in townships in Cape
Town.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.024},
Key = {fds254020}
}
@article{fds253956,
Author = {Meade, CS and Watt, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Deng, LX and Ranby, KW and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Kalichman, SC},
Title = {Methamphetamine use is associated with sexual abuse and HIV
sexual risk behaviours among patrons of alcohol serving
venues in Cape Town, South Africa},
Journal = {Journal of the International Aids Society},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {89-90},
Publisher = {JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1758-2652},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000310588200173&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253956}
}
@article{fds254013,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Sikkema, KJ and Watt,
MH and Skinner, D},
Title = {Gender-based violence and HIV sexual risk behavior: alcohol
use and mental health problems as mediators among women in
drinking venues, Cape Town.},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {75},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1417-1425},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1873-5347},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22832324},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • HIV Infections • Humans • Mental
Disorders • Middle Aged • Prospective Studies
• Qualitative Research • Risk Factors •
Risk-Taking* • Sexual Behavior* • Socioeconomic
Factors • South Africa • Violence • Young
Adult • epidemiology • epidemiology* •
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {Gender-based violence is a key determinant of HIV infection
among women in South Africa as elsewhere. However, research
has not examined potential mediating processes to explain
the link between experiencing abuse and engaging in HIV
sexual risk behavior. Previous studies suggest that alcohol
use and mental health problems may explain how gender-based
violence predicts sexual risk. In a prospective study, we
examined whether lifetime history of gender-based violence
indirectly affects future sexual risk behavior through
alcohol use, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) in a high-risk socio-environmental context. We
recruited a cohort of 560 women from alcohol drinking venues
in a Cape Town, South African township. Participants
completed computerized interviews at baseline and 4 months
later. We tested prospective mediating associations between
gender-based violence, alcohol use, depression, PTSD, and
sexual risk behavior. There was a significant indirect
effect of gender-based violence on sexual risk behavior
through alcohol use, but not mental health problems. Women
who were physically and sexually abused drank more, which in
turn predicted more unprotected sex. We did not find a
mediated relationship between alcohol use and sexual risk
behavior through the experience of recent abuse or mental
health problems. Alcohol use explains the link between
gender-based violence and sexual risk behavior among women
attending drinking venues in Cape Town, South Africa.
Efforts to reduce HIV risk in South Africa by addressing
gender-based violence must also address alcohol
use.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.06.020},
Key = {fds254013}
}
@article{fds254014,
Author = {Watt, MH and Aunon, FM and Skinner, D and Sikkema, KJ and Macfarlane,
JC and Pieterse, D and Kalichman, SC},
Title = {Alcohol-serving venues in South Africa as sites of risk and
potential protection for violence against
women.},
Journal = {Substance Use & Misuse},
Volume = {47},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1271-1280},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1532-2491},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22738267},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Alcohol Drinking* •
Alcoholic Beverages • Battered Women* • Female
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Qualitative Research • Restaurants* • Risk Factors
• South Africa • Violence • Young Adult
• prevention & control* • supply &
distribution*},
Abstract = {This qualitative study explores alcohol-serving venues as
sites of risk or protection from violence against women
(VAW) in one South African community. In 2010, we conducted
in-depth interviews with 31 female patrons, 13 male patrons
and 11 venue staff, and conducted structured observations in
six alcohol venues. VAW was a common experience and venues
contributed to risk through aggression, negative attitudes
toward women, risks leaving the venues, and owners
tolerating VAW. Concurrently, venues offered potential to
avoid VAW through perceived safety and owner protection.
Results highlight the influence of the venue environment and
importance of addressing the setting of alcohol
consumption.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.3109/10826084.2012.695419},
Key = {fds254014}
}
@article{fds254022,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Drabkin, AS and Stashko, AL and Broverman, SA and Ogwang-Odhiambo, RA and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Orphan status, HIV risk behavior, and mental health among
adolescents in rural Kenya.},
Journal = {Journal of Pediatric Psychology},
Volume = {37},
Number = {8},
Pages = {868-878},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1465-735X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22728899},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adolescent Behavior • Caregivers
• Child • Child, Orphaned • Communication
• Female • HIV Infections • HIV
Seropositivity • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Humans • Kenya • Male • Mental Health*
• Parental Death • Risk Factors •
Risk-Taking* • Rural Health • Rural Population
• Self Efficacy • Sexual Behavior • Social
Support • Socioeconomic Factors • psychology*
• statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {To examine orphan status, mental health, social support, and
HIV risk among adolescents in rural Kenya.Randomly selected
adolescents aged 10-18 years completed surveys assessing
sexual activity, sex-related beliefs and self-efficacy,
mental health, social support, caregiver-child
communication, time since parental death, and economic
resources. Analysis of covariance and regression analyses
compared orphans and nonorphans; orphan status was tested as
a moderator between well-being and HIV risk.Orphans reported
poorer mental health, less social support, and fewer
material resources. They did not differ from nonorphans on
HIV risk indicators. Longer time since parental death was
associated with poorer outcomes. In moderator analyses,
emotional problems and poorer caregiver-youth communication
were more strongly associated with lower sex-related
self-efficacy for orphans.Orphans are at higher risk for
psychosocial problems. These problems may affect orphans'
self-efficacy for safer sex practices more than nonorphans.
Decreased HIV risk could be one benefit of psychosocial
interventions for orphans.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/jpepsy/jss077},
Key = {fds254022}
}
@article{fds254019,
Author = {Watt, MH and Ranby, KW and Meade, CS and Sikkema, KJ and MacFarlane, JC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D and Kalichman, SC},
Title = {Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms mediate the
relationship between traumatic experiences and drinking
behavior among women attending alcohol-serving venues in a
South African township.},
Journal = {J Stud Alcohol Drugs},
Volume = {73},
Number = {4},
Pages = {549-558},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1938-4114},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22630793},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Alcohol Drinking
• Alcoholic Beverages • Alcoholism • Cohort
Studies • Cross-Sectional Studies • Female •
Food Services* • Humans • Middle Aged •
Prevalence • Severity of Illness Index • Sex
Offenses • South Africa • Stress Disorders,
Post-Traumatic • Stress, Psychological • Suburban
Health • Violence • Wounds and Injuries •
Young Adult • epidemiology • ethnology •
physiopathology • psychology • psychology* •
supply & distribution*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: South Africa has high rates of traumatic
experiences and alcohol abuse or dependence, especially
among women. Traumatic experiences often result in symptoms
of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and PTSD has been
associated with hazardous drinking. This article examines
the relationship between traumatic events and hazardous
drinking among women who patronized alcohol-serving venues
in South Africa and examines PTSD as a mediator of this
relationship. METHOD: A total of 560 women were recruited
from a Cape Town township. They completed a computerized
assessment that included alcohol consumption, history of
traumatic events, and PTSD symptoms. Mediation analysis
examined whether PTSD symptoms mediated the relationship
between the number of traumatic event categories experienced
(range: 0-7) and drinking behavior. RESULTS: The mean
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score in the
sample was 12.15 (range: 0-34, SD = 7.3), with 70.9%
reaching criteria for hazardous drinking (AUDIT > 8). The
mean PTSD score was 36.32 (range: 17-85, SD = 16.3),with
20.9% meeting symptom criteria for PTSD (PTSD Checklist with
20.9% meeting symptom criteria for PTSD (PTSD
Checklist-Civilian Version ≥ 50). Endorsement of traumatic
experiences was high, including adult emotional (51.8%),
physical (49.6%), and sexual (26.3%) abuse; childhood
physical (35.0%) and sexual (25.9%) abuse; and other types
of trauma (83%). All categories of traumatic experiences,
except the "other" category, were associated with hazardous
drinking. PTSD symptoms mediated 46% of the relationship
between the number of traumatic categories experienced and
drinking behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Women reported high rates of
hazardous drinking and high levels of PTSD symptoms, and
most had some history of traumatic events. There was a
strong relationship between traumatic exposure and drinking
levels, which was largely mediated by PTSD symptoms.
Substance use interventions should address histories of
trauma in this population, where alcohol may be used in part
to cope with past traumas.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.15288/jsad.2012.73.549},
Key = {fds254019}
}
@article{fds254012,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Cain, D and Sikkema,
KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D},
Title = {AIDS-related stigma, HIV testing, and transmission risk
among patrons of informal drinking places in Cape Town,
South Africa.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Number = {3},
Pages = {362-371},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1532-4796},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22367752},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adult •
Alcohol Drinking • Female • HIV Infections •
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice* • Humans •
Male • Risk Reduction Behavior • Risk-Taking*
• Sexual Behavior • Social Environment •
Social Stigma* • South Africa • diagnosis •
psychology • psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {AIDS-related stigma as a barrier to HIV testing has not been
examined within the context of high at risk environments
such as drinking venues. Of particular importance is whether
AIDS-related stigma is associated with HIV transmission
risks among people who have never been tested for HIV.We
examined: (1) AIDS-related stigma as a barrier to testing,
controlling for other potential barriers, and (2) whether
stigma is associated with HIV risks among HIV-untested
individuals.We surveyed 2,572 individuals attending informal
drinking establishments in Cape Town, South Africa to assess
HIV testing status, AIDS-related stigma endorsement, and HIV
transmission sexual risk behavior.Endorsement of
AIDS-related stigma was negatively associated with HIV
lifetime testing. In addition, stigma endorsement was
associated with higher HIV transmission risks.AIDS-related
stigma must be addressed in HIV prevention campaigns across
South Africa. Antistigma messages should be integrated with
risk reduction counseling and testing.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s12160-012-9346-9},
Key = {fds254012}
}
@article{fds254052,
Author = {Neufeld, SAS and Sikkema, KJ and Lee, RS and Kochman, A and Hansen,
NB},
Title = {The development and psychometric properties of the HIV and
Abuse Related Shame Inventory (HARSI).},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1063-1074},
Year = {2012},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22065235},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Child Abuse, Sexual •
Depression • Female • HIV Seropositivity •
Health Status Indicators • Humans • Male •
Medication Adherence • Personality Inventory •
Prejudice • Psychometrics • Quality of Life •
Questionnaires • Reproducibility of Results •
Sexual Behavior • Shame* • United States •
Young Adult • epidemiology • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {Shame has been shown to predict sexual HIV transmission risk
behavior, medication non-adherence, symptomatic HIV or AIDS,
and symptoms of depression and PTSD. However, there remains
a dearth of tools to measure the specific constructs of
HIV-related and sexual abuse-related shame. To ameliorate
this gap, we present a 31-item measure that assesses HIV and
sexual abuse-related shame, and the impact of shame on
HIV-related health behaviors. A diverse sample of 271
HIV-positive men and women who were sexually abused as
children completed the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory
(HARSI) among other measures. An exploratory factor analysis
supported the retention of three-factors, explaining 56.7%
of the sample variance. These internally consistent factors
showed good test-retest reliability, and sound convergent
and divergent validity using eight well-established HIV
specific and general psychosocial criterion measures. Unlike
stigma or discrimination, shame is potentially alterable
through individually-focused interventions, making the
measurement of shame clinically meaningful.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-011-0086-9},
Key = {fds254052}
}
@article{fds253959,
Author = {Wilson, SM and Watt, MH and Masenga, GG and Wilkinson, JP and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {OBSTETRIC FISTULA IS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION, PTSD, AND
NEGATIVE COPING},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S36-S36},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000302092400138&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253959}
}
@article{fds253963,
Author = {Pitpitan, EV and Kalichman, SC and Eaton, LA and Cain, D and Sikkema,
KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Desiree, P},
Title = {THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AIDS-RELATED STIGMA AND HIV TESTING
AND TRANSMISSION RISK AMONG PATRONS OF INFORMAL DRINKING
PLACES IN CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S154-S154},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000302092400597&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253963}
}
@article{fds254010,
Author = {Watt, MH and Aunon, FM and Skinner, D and Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Pieterse, D},
Title = {"Because he has bought for her, he wants to sleep with her":
alcohol as a currency for sexual exchange in South African
drinking venues.},
Journal = {Social Science & Medicine},
Volume = {74},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1005-1012},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1873-5347},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22326304},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Alcohol Drinking* •
Choice Behavior • Female • HIV Infections •
Humans • Interpersonal Relations • Male •
Middle Aged • Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior*
• South Africa • Young Adult • prevention &
control},
Abstract = {Previous research has documented the practice of
transactional sex in sub-Saharan Africa and its association
with gender-based violence, gender inequalities and HIV
risk. At the same time, it has been suggested that women may
use transactional sex to obtain a greater sense of control
over their lives and their sexualities, and to garner access
to resources. The aim of this study was to better understand
the practice of exchanging alcohol for sex in
alcohol-serving venues in a township in Cape Town, South
Africa. Data were collected between June 2009 and October
2010. Six venues were included and observations were
conducted in each for four one-week periods over the course
of a year. In-depth qualitative interviews included 31 women
and 13 men whom interviewers had observed as regular venue
customers. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 24
respondents to explore emerging themes. Interviews were
recorded and transcribed. Using a grounded theory approach,
Atlas.ti was used to code transcripts, field notes, and
analytical memos written about each document. Results
revealed that alcohol was commonly used as a currency of
sexual exchange in this setting, and both women and men
understood that accepting alcohol from a man implied consent
for sexual favors. Women reported a sense of agency in
participating in the transactional sex dynamic, especially
when they were able to manipulate it to meet their own ends
without fulfilling the men's sexual expectations. At the
same time, data revealed that the norm of transactional sex
reinforced the undervaluing and commoditization of women. As
identified elsewhere, transactional sex put both women and
men at greater risk of HIV through multiple partners and
inconsistent use of condoms, and the possibility of rape.
Interventions are needed to address sexual risk behaviors
and substance use within this context to prevent new HIV
infections.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.022},
Key = {fds254010}
}
@article{fds254021,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Watt, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Ogwang-Odhiambo, RA and Broverman, SA},
Title = {The protective role of religious coping in adolescents'
responses to poverty and sexual decision-making in rural
Kenya.},
Journal = {Journal of Research on Adolescence},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-7},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1050-8392},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22505794},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcoholic Intoxication • Alcoholism •
Binge Drinking • Developing Countries* • Female
• Gender Identity* • HIV Infections • Health
Surveys • Humans • Risk Factors • Social
Environment* • South Africa • Spouse Abuse •
Statistics as Topic • Unsafe Sex • Violence •
complications • epidemiology • epidemiology*
• prevention & control • psychology •
psychology* • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission*},
Abstract = {In this study, we explored how adolescents in rural Kenya
apply religious coping in sexual decision-making in the
context of high rates of poverty and Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with
34 adolescents. One-third (13) reported religious coping
related to economic stress, HIV, or sexual decision-making;
the majority (29) reported religious coping with these or
other stressors. Adolescents reported praying for God to
partner with them to engage in positive behaviors, praying
for strength to resist unwanted behaviors, and passive
strategies characterized by waiting for God to provide
resources or protection from HIV. Adolescents in Sub-Saharan
Africa may benefit from HIV prevention interventions that
integrate and build upon their use of religious
coping.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-7795.2011.00760.x},
Key = {fds254021}
}
@article{fds254050,
Author = {Eaton, LA and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Skinner, D and Watt, MH and Pieterse, D and Pitpitan, EV},
Title = {Pregnancy, alcohol intake, and intimate partner violence
among men and women attending drinking establishments in a
Cape Town, South Africa township.},
Journal = {Journal of Community Health},
Volume = {37},
Number = {1},
Pages = {208-216},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1573-3610},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21744297},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking • Cross-Sectional Studies
• Ethanol • Female • Humans • Male
• Pregnancy • Pregnant Women • Sex Offenses
• Social Behavior • South Africa • Spouse
Abuse* • epidemiology • poisoning •
psychology • psychology* • statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {The highest rates of fetal alcohol syndrome worldwide can be
found in South Africa. Particularly in impoverished
townships in the Western Cape, pregnant women live in
environments where alcohol intake during pregnancy has
become normalized and interpersonal violence (IPV) is
reported at high rates. For the current study we sought to
examine how pregnancy, for both men and women, is related to
alcohol use behaviors and IPV. We surveyed 2,120 men and
women attending drinking establishments in a township
located in the Western Cape of South Africa. Among women
13.3% reported being pregnant, and among men 12.0% reported
their partner pregnant. For pregnant women, 61% reported
attending the bar that evening to drink alcohol and 26%
reported both alcohol use and currently experiencing IPV.
Daily or almost daily binge drinking was reported twice as
often among pregnant women than non-pregnant women (8.4% vs.
4.2%). Men with pregnant partners reported the highest rates
of hitting sex partners, forcing a partner to have sex, and
being forced to have sex. High rates of alcohol frequency,
consumption, binge drinking, consumption and binge drinking
were reported across the entire sample. In general,
experiencing and perpetrating IPV were associated with
alcohol use among all participants except for men with
pregnant partners. Alcohol use among pregnant women
attending shebeens is alarmingly high. Moreover, alcohol use
appears to be an important factor in understanding the
relationship between IPV and pregnancy. Intensive, targeted,
and effective interventions for both men and women are
urgently needed to address high rates of drinking alcohol
among pregnant women who attend drinking
establishments.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10900-011-9438-7},
Key = {fds254050}
}
@article{fds254009,
Author = {Ebersöhn, L and Eloff, I and Finestone, M and van Dullemen, I and Sikkema, K and Forsyth, B},
Title = {Drawing on resilience: Piloting the utility of the Kinetic
Family Drawing to measure resilience in children of
HIV-positive mothers},
Journal = {South African Journal of Education},
Volume = {32},
Number = {4},
Pages = {331-348},
Publisher = {Education Association of South Africa},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0256-0100},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v32n4a660},
Abstract = {In this article we describe how using a visual,
child-friendly measure of resilience in a randomised control
trial (RCT), the Kgolo Mmogo (KM) project, resulted in
representative insights on resilience in a mother-child
relationship where the mother is HIV-positive. We used the
existing psychological method Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD)
to measure resilience of young children in the qualitative
phase of the concurrent mixed method RCT as the children
represent cultural groups for whom standardized measures
have not been developed. We use the case example of baseline
KM assessment data of 6 year olds (n = 11; 3 female, 8
male). The results of the study demonstrate that the visual
and qualitative data from children (KFD) added to
quantitative information obtained from mothers (Vineland
Adaptive Behavior Scale, VABS). Additional information from
the KFD had interpretation value for VABS scores and
provided a child's perspective regarding resilience.
Contrasting information from the KFD problematized mothers'
perspectives as indicated in the VABS. The absence of
significant information in KFD results regarding VABS
sub-domains indicates differences in the cultural/contextual
conceptualization of resilience. This exploratory study
indicates initial support for the cross-cultural utility of
the KFD to measure resilience in young children faced with
adversity. © 2012 EASA.},
Doi = {10.15700/saje.v32n4a660},
Key = {fds254009}
}
@article{fds254011,
Author = {Mundell, JP and Visser, MJ and Makin, JD and Forsyth, BW and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Support group processes: Perspectives from HIV-infected
women in South Africa.},
Journal = {Qualitative Research in Psychology},
Volume = {9},
Number = {2},
Pages = {173-187},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1478-0887},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22514790},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcoholic Intoxication • Alcoholism •
Binge Drinking • Developing Countries* • Female
• Gender Identity* • HIV Infections • Health
Surveys • Humans • Risk Factors • Social
Environment* • South Africa • Spouse Abuse •
Statistics as Topic • Unsafe Sex • Violence •
complications • epidemiology • epidemiology*
• prevention & control • psychology •
psychology* • statistics & numerical data* •
transmission*},
Abstract = {This study examined the experiences and perceived benefits
of support group participation among HIV-infected women in
South Africa. From a qualitative analysis of responses, key
psychological processes through which support groups are
potentially beneficial were identified. These processes
included: identification; modeling; acceptance; and
empowerment. The participants' consequent life changes were
explored in order to associate these processes with the
positive outcomes of support group participation. Through
understanding the relationship between the psychological
processes within a support group setting and the potential
benefits, and by targeting these processes in the
development and implementation of future support group
interventions, a framework is provided for achieving
positive outcomes associated with support group
participation.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1080/14780887.2010.500350},
Key = {fds254011}
}
@misc{fds254053,
Author = {Njau, B and Watt, MH and Ostermann, J and Manongi, R and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Perceived acceptability of home-based couples voluntary HIV
counseling and testing in Northern Tanzania.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {413-419},
Year = {2012},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1360-0451},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21939369},
Keywords = {Adult • Counseling* • Emotional Intelligence
• Female • Focus Groups • HIV Infections*
• HIV Seropositivity • Health Services Needs and
Demand • Home Care Services • Humans •
Interpersonal Relations • Male • Mass Screening*
• Middle Aged • Patient Acceptance of Health Care
• Rural Health • Social Perception* • Social
Stigma • Spouses • Tanzania • diagnosis
• epidemiology • methods • organization &
administration • organization & administration* •
prevention & control • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {It is estimated that 5.6% of the Tanzanian population ages
15-49 are infected with HIV, but only 30% of adults have
ever had an HIV test. Couples' testing has proven to
increase testing coverage and introduce HIV prevention, but
barriers include access to testing services and unequal
gender dynamics in relationships. Innovative approaches are
needed to address barriers to couple's testing and increase
uptake of HIV testing. Using qualitative data collection
methods, a formative study was conducted to assess the
acceptability of a home-based couples counseling and testing
(HBCCT) approach. Eligible study participants included
married men and women, HIV-infected individuals, health care
and home-based care providers, voluntary counseling and
testing counselors, and community leaders. A total of 91
individuals participated in focus group discussions (FGDs)
and in-depth interviews conducted between September 2009 and
January 2010 in rural settings in Northern Tanzania. An
HBCCT intervention appears to be broadly acceptable among
participants. Benefits of HBCCT were identified in terms of
access, confidentiality, and strengthening the relationship.
Fears of negative consequences from knowing one's HIV
status, including stigma, blame, physical abuse, or divorce,
remain a concern and a potential barrier to the successful
provision of the intervention. Lessons for implementation
highlighted the importance of appointments for home visits,
building relationships of confidence and trust between
counselors and clients, and assessing and responding to a
couple's readiness to undergo HIV testing. HBCCT should
addresses HIV stigma, emphasize confidentiality, and improve
communication skills for disclosure and decision-making
among couples.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540121.2011.608796},
Key = {fds254053}
}
@article{fds254007,
Author = {Adams, JL and Almond, MLG and Ringo, EJ and Shangali, WH and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Feasibility of nurse-led antidepressant medication
management of depression in an HIV clinic in
Tanzania.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {105-117},
Year = {2012},
ISSN = {0091-2174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22849034},
Keywords = {Adult • Ambulatory Care Facilities • Amitriptyline
• Anti-Retroviral Agents • Antidepressive Agents,
Tricyclic • Comorbidity • Depressive Disorder*
• Disease Management • Feasibility Studies •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • HIV • HIV
Infections* • Humans • Male • Nurses •
Primary Health Care • Tanzania • Treatment Outcome
• administration & dosage* • diagnosis • drug
therapy • epidemiology • organization &
administration*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest HIV prevalence
worldwide and depression is highly prevalent among those
infected. The negative impact of depression on HIV outcomes
highlights the need to identify and treat it in this
population. A model for doing this in lower-resourced
settings involves task-shifting depression treatment to
primary care; however, HIV-infected individuals are often
treated in a parallel HIV specialty setting. We adapted a
model of task-shifting, measurement-based care (MBC), for an
HIV clinic setting and tested its feasibility in Tanzania.
MBC involves measuring depressive symptoms at meaningful
intervals and adjusting antidepressant medication treatment
based on the measure of illness. METHOD: Twenty adults
presenting for care at an outpatient HIV clinic in Tanzania
were enrolled and followed by a nurse care manager who
measured depressive symptoms at baseline and every 4 weeks
for 12 weeks. An algorithm-based decision-support tool was
utilized by the care manager to recommend individualized
antidepressant medication doses to participants' HIV
providers at each visit. RESULTS: Retention was high and
fidelity of the care manager to the MBC protocol was
exceptional. Follow through of antidepressant prescription
dosing recommendations by the prescriber was low. Limited
availability of antidepressants was also noted. Despite
challenges, baseline depression scores decreased over the
12-week period. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the model of
algorithm-based nursing support of prescription decisions
was feasible. Future studies should address implementation
issues of medication supply and dosing. Further
task-shifting to relatively more abundant and lower-skilled
health workers, such as nurses' aides, warrants
examination.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2190/PM.43.2.a},
Key = {fds254007}
}
@misc{fds254039,
Author = {Otwombe, KN and Sikkema, KJ and Dietrich, J and de Bruyn, G and van der
Watt, M and Gray, GE},
Title = {Willingness to participate in biomedical HIV prevention
studies after the HVTN 503/Phambili trial: a survey
conducted among adolescents in Soweto, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
Volume = {58},
Number = {2},
Pages = {211-218},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1944-7884},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21765362},
Keywords = {AIDS Vaccines* • Adolescent • Clinical Trials as
Topic • Cross-Sectional Studies • Female •
HIV Infections • Humans • Life Change Events
• Logistic Models • Male • Patient
Participation • Self Efficacy • Sex Factors •
Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners • South Africa
• prevention & control* • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Adolescents may be appropriate for inclusion in biomedical
HIV prevention trials. Adolescents' overall willingness to
participate (WTP) in biomedical HIV prevention trials was
examined, including after the prematurely discontinued phase
IIb HVTN 503/Phambili HIV vaccine trial, in Soweto, South
Africa.An interview-administered cross-sectional survey was
conducted among 506 adolescents (16-18 years) between
October 2008 and March 2009. The assessment included WTP in
HIV prevention trials, sexual and substance use behavior,
and related psychosocial constructs. Multivariate logistic
regression analyses examined predictors of WTP in biomedical
prevention trials.The sample primarily consisted of female
participants (n = 298, 59%), and 50% of all participants
were sexually active. WTP in general was high (93%), with
75% WTP in a vaccine trial after being informed about the
HVTN 503/Phambili trial. Less exposure to stressors [odds
ratio (OR): 2.8, confidence interval (CI): 1.3 to 6.3] was
associated with adolescents' WTP in HIV biomedical
prevention trials overall. Those with less exposure to
stressors (OR: 1.7, CI: 1.1 to 2.8) and not sexually active
(OR: 2.1, CI: 1.4 to 3.3) were predictive of WTP after the
HVTN 503/Phambili trial. A higher number of sexual partners
were associated with unwillingness to participate more
generally (P = 0.039) and specifically after the HIV vaccine
trial (P = 0.0004).The high level of adolescents' WTP in
biomedical prevention trials is encouraging, especially
after the prematurely discontinued HVTN 503/Phambili HIV
vaccine trial. High-risk youth were less likely to be WTP,
although those not yet sexually active were more WTP. Future
biomedical HIV prevention trials should address challenges
to enrollment of high-risk adolescents who may show less
WTP.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/qai.0b013e31822b7702},
Key = {fds254039}
}
@article{fds253968,
Author = {Dietrich, J and Khunwane, M and Laher, F and de Bruyn, G and Sikkema,
KJ and Gray, G},
Title = {"Group sex" parties and other risk patterns: A qualitative
study about the perceptions of sexual behaviors and
attitudes of adolescents in Soweto, South
Africa.},
Journal = {Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {244-254},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1745-0128},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22844344},
Keywords = {Adult • Ambulatory Care Facilities • Amitriptyline
• Anti-Retroviral Agents • Antidepressive Agents,
Tricyclic • Comorbidity • Depressive Disorder*
• Disease Management • Feasibility Studies •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • HIV • HIV
Infections* • Humans • Male • Nurses •
Primary Health Care • Tanzania • Treatment Outcome
• administration & dosage* • diagnosis • drug
therapy • epidemiology • organization &
administration*},
Abstract = {This study explored perceptions about sexual behaviors and
attitudes of adolescents living in Soweto, Johannesburg,
South Africa, from the perspective of parents, counselors
and adolescents. A qualitative methodology was applied. Nine
focus group discussions (FGDs) were held; three with parents
of adolescents, two with counselors who work with
adolescents, two with female adolescents aged 16-18 years
and two with male adolescents aged 16-18 years. In total, 80
participants were recruited from in and around Soweto. FGDs
were guided by a semi-structured interview guide,
audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated into
English. Data were analyzed using Maxqda, a qualitative
software analysis program. There were eight key themes
related to adolescent sexuality and perceived attitudes
towards relationships. Five themes were common to all
participant groupings (parents, counselors and adolescents):
(1) dating during adolescence, (2) adolescent females dating
older males, (3) condom use amongst adolescents, (4)
pregnancy and (5) homosexuality. (6) Sex as a regular and
important activity among adolescents and (7) group sex
practices among adolescents emerged as themes from
adolescent and counselor FGDs. Lastly, (8) the role of the
media as an influence on adolescent sexuality was common to
adolescent and parent groups. Risky sexual behaviors
continue among adolescents, with group sex parties a
concerning emergent phenomenon that necessitates further
study. HIV, other STIs and pregnancy prevention
interventions should address multiple levels of influence to
address context-specific influences.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1080/17450128.2011.597796},
Key = {fds253968}
}
@article{fds254040,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Santos, J and Watt, MH and Wilson, PA and Delorenzo, A and Laudato, J and Mayer,
G},
Title = {THE DEVELOPMENT AND FEASIBILITY OF A BRIEF RISK REDUCTION
INTERVENTION FOR NEWLY HIV-DIAGNOSED MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH
MEN.},
Journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {39},
Number = {6},
Pages = {717-732},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0090-4392},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22228917},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Alcohol Drinking* •
Choice Behavior • Female • HIV Infections •
Humans • Interpersonal Relations • Male •
Middle Aged • Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior*
• South Africa • Young Adult • prevention &
control},
Abstract = {Men who have sex with men (MSM) represent more than half of
all new HIV infections in the United States. Utilizing a
collaborative, community based approach, a brief risk
reduction intervention was developed and pilot tested among
newly HIV-diagnosed MSM receiving HIV care in a primary care
setting. Sixty-five men, within 3 months of diagnosis, were
randomly assigned to the experimental condition or control
condition and assessed at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month
follow-up. Effect sizes were calculated to explore
differences between conditions and over time. Results
demonstrated the potential effectiveness of the intervention
in reducing risk behavior, improving mental health, and
increasing use of ancillary services. Process evaluation
data demonstrated the acceptability of the intervention to
patients, clinic staff, and administration. The results
provide evidence that a brief intervention can be
successfully integrated into HIV care services for newly
diagnosed MSM and should be evaluated for
efficacy.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1002/jcop.20463},
Key = {fds254040}
}
@article{fds254046,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Meade, CS and Drabkin, AS and Broverman, SA and Ogwang-Odhiambo, RA and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Individual- and family-level psychosocial correlates of HIV
risk behavior among youth in rural Kenya.},
Journal = {Aids Behav},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1264-1274},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20945157},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adolescent Behavior* • Caregivers
• Child • Cross-Sectional Studies • Female
• HIV Infections • Health Knowledge, Attitudes,
Practice* • Humans • Kenya • Male •
Questionnaires • Risk Factors • Risk-Taking •
Rural Population • Sexual Behavior • Sexual
Partners • Social Support • prevention & control*
• psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {Associations between individual- and family-level
psychosocial factors and sexual behavior were examined among
325 adolescents ages 10-18 in rural Kenya. History of sexual
activity was reported by 51% of males and 30% of females.
Among those reporting sex within the past year, 64% of males
and 32% of females had multiple partners; 85% of males and
54% of females reported not using a condom at last sex.
Multivariate logistic regression modeling demonstrated
sexually active adolescents were significantly more likely
to be older, male, more accepting of risky behavior, and
have greater perceived HIV risk, caregiver social support,
social support related to HIV, and emotional problems.
Youths reporting high-risk behavior (unprotected sex or
multiple partners) were significantly more likely to be
younger, male, and have lower sex-related self-efficacy,
lower caregiver monitoring, and more externalizing problems.
Future studies should evaluate HIV prevention interventions
targeting improvements in mental health and family
relationships.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-010-9823-8},
Key = {fds254046}
}
@article{fds254049,
Author = {Adams, JL and Hansen, NB and Fox, AM and Taylor, BB and van Rensburg,
MJ and Mohlahlane, R and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Correlates of HIV testing among abused women in South
Africa.},
Journal = {Violence Against Women},
Volume = {17},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1014-1023},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1552-8448},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727154},
Keywords = {Adult • Battered Women • Child • Child Care
• Female • HIV • HIV Infections • HIV
Seropositivity • Health Services Accessibility* •
Humans • Interviews as Topic • Male • Mass
Screening* • Middle Aged • Odds Ratio •
Organizations • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
• Police • Prevalence • Rape* • Sexual
Partners • South Africa • Spouse Abuse* •
Women's Health Services • Young Adult • diagnosis
• diagnosis* • epidemiology • prevention &
control* • virology},
Abstract = {Gender-based violence increases a woman's risk for HIV but
little is known about her decision to get tested. We
interviewed 97 women seeking abuse-related services from a
nongovernmental organization (NGO) in Johannesburg, South
Africa. Forty-six women (47%) had been tested for HIV.
Caring for children (odds ratio [OR] = 0.27, 95% confidence
interval [CI] = [0.07, 1.00]) and conversing with partner
about HIV (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.02, 0.85]) decreased odds
of testing. Stronger risk-reduction intentions (OR = 1.27,
95% CI = [1.01, 1.60]) and seeking help from police (OR =
5.51, 95% CI = [1.18, 25.76]) increased odds of testing.
Providing safe access to integrated services and testing may
increase testing in this population. Infection with HIV is
highly prevalent in South Africa where an estimated 16.2% of
adults between the ages of 15 and 49 have the virus. The
necessary first step to stemming the spread of HIV and
receiving life-saving treatment is learning one's HIV
serostatus through testing. Many factors may contribute to
someone's risk of HIV infection and many barriers may
prevent testing. One factor that does both is gender-based
violence.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1077801211414166},
Key = {fds254049}
}
@misc{fds254051,
Author = {Mundell, JP and Visser, MJ and Makin, JD and Kershaw, TS and Forsyth,
BWC and Jeffery, B and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {The impact of structured support groups for pregnant South
African women recently diagnosed HIV positive.},
Journal = {Women & Health},
Volume = {51},
Number = {6},
Pages = {546-565},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1541-0331},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21973110},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Avoidance
Learning • Case-Control Studies • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • HIV Seropositivity • Health
Resources • Humans • Poverty • Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Complications, Infectious • Regression
Analysis • Self Concept* • Self Disclosure* •
Self-Help Groups* • Social Support* • South Africa
• Young Adult • psychology*},
Abstract = {The authors of this study evaluated a structured 10-session
psychosocial support group intervention for newly
HIV-diagnosed pregnant South African women. Participants
were expected to display increases in HIV disclosure,
self-esteem, active coping and positive social support, and
decreases in depression, avoidant coping, and negative
social support. Three hundred sixty-one pregnant
HIV-infected women were recruited from four antenatal
clinics in Tshwane townships from April 2005 to September
2006. Using a quasi-experimental design, assessments were
conducted at baseline and two and eight months
post-intervention. A series of random effects regression
analyses were conducted, with the three assessment points
treated as a random effect of time. At both follow-ups, the
rate of disclosure in the intervention group was
significantly higher than that of the comparison group
(p<0.001). Compared to the comparison group at the first
follow-up, the intervention group displayed higher levels of
active coping (t=2.68, p<0.05) and lower levels of avoidant
coping (t=-2.02, p<0.05), and those who attended at least
half of the intervention sessions exhibited improved
self-esteem (t=2.11, p<0.05). Group interventions tailored
for newly HIV positive pregnant women, implemented in
resource-limited settings, may accelerate the process of
adjusting to one's HIV status, but may not have sustainable
benefits over time.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/03630242.2011.606356},
Key = {fds254051}
}
@misc{fds254038,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Meade, CS and Ranby, KW and Kalichman, SC and Skinner, D and Pieterse, D},
Title = {Mental health and HIV sexual risk behavior among patrons of
alcohol serving venues in Cape Town, South
Africa.},
Journal = {J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr},
Volume = {57},
Number = {3},
Pages = {230-237},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1944-7884},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21372724},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Alcohol Drinking*
• Depression • Female • HIV Infections •
Humans • Logistic Models • Male • Mental
Health* • Middle Aged • Risk-Taking* • Sexual
Behavior* • South Africa • Stress Disorders,
Post-Traumatic • Substance-Related Disorders •
Young Adult • complications • epidemiology •
epidemiology* • prevention & control •
psychology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Alcohol-serving venues in South Africa provide a
location for HIV prevention interventions due to risk
factors of patrons in these establishments. Understanding
the association between mental health and risk behaviors in
these settings may inform interventions that address alcohol
use and HIV prevention. METHODS: Participants (n = 738) were
surveyed in 6 alcohol-serving venues in Cape Town to assess
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression
symptoms, traumatic experiences, sexual behavior, and
substance use. Logistic regression models examined whether
traumatic experiences predicted PTSD and depression.
Generalized linear models examined whether substance use,
PTSD, and depressive symptoms predicted unprotected sexual
intercourse. Men and women were analyzed separately.
RESULTS: Participants exhibited high rates of traumatic
experiences, PTSD, depression, alcohol consumption, and HIV
risk behaviors. For men, PTSD was associated with being hit
by a sex partner, physical child abuse, sexual child abuse
and HIV diagnosis; depression was associated with being hit
by a sex partner, forced sex and physical child abuse. For
women, both PTSD and depression were associated with being
hit by a sex partner, forced sex, and physical child abuse.
Unprotected sexual intercourse was associated with age,
frequency and quantity of alcohol use, drug use, and PTSD
for men and frequency and quantity of alcohol use,
depression, and PTSD for women. CONCLUSION: Mental health in
this setting was poor and was associated with sexual risk
behavior. Treating mental health and substance-use problems
may aid in reducing HIV infection. Sexual assault prevention
and treatment after sexual assault may strengthen HIV
prevention efforts.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182167e7a},
Key = {fds254038}
}
@article{fds254048,
Author = {Adams, J and Pollard, RS and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Feasibility of integrated depression care in an HIV
clinic.},
Journal = {Psychiatr Serv},
Volume = {62},
Number = {7},
Pages = {804},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1557-9700},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21724798},
Keywords = {Adult • Delivery of Health Care, Integrated* •
Depression • Feasibility Studies • Female •
HIV Infections* • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• North Carolina • Patient Compliance* •
Questionnaires • drug therapy •
therapy*},
Abstract = {Gender-based violence increases a woman's risk for HIV but
little is known about her decision to get tested. We
interviewed 97 women seeking abuse-related services from a
nongovernmental organization (NGO) in Johannesburg, South
Africa. Forty-six women (47%) had been tested for HIV.
Caring for children (odds ratio [OR] = 0.27, 95% confidence
interval [CI] = [0.07, 1.00]) and conversing with partner
about HIV (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.02, 0.85]) decreased odds
of testing. Stronger risk-reduction intentions (OR = 1.27,
95% CI = [1.01, 1.60]) and seeking help from police (OR =
5.51, 95% CI = [1.18, 25.76]) increased odds of testing.
Providing safe access to integrated services and testing may
increase testing in this population. Infection with HIV is
highly prevalent in South Africa where an estimated 16.2% of
adults between the ages of 15 and 49 have the virus. The
necessary first step to stemming the spread of HIV and
receiving life-saving treatment is learning one's HIV
serostatus through testing. Many factors may contribute to
someone's risk of HIV infection and many barriers may
prevent testing. One factor that does both is gender-based
violence.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1176/ps.62.7.pss6207_0804},
Key = {fds254048}
}
@article{fds254045,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, N and Kochman, A and Heh, V and Neufeld, S and AIDS and Aging Research Group},
Title = {A randomized clinical trial of a coping improvement group
intervention for HIV-infected older adults.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {102-111},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1573-3521},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20857188},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Aged • Depression • Female
• Geriatric Assessment • HIV Infections •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Psychotherapy
• Psychotherapy, Group • Self-Help Groups •
Severity of Illness Index • complications •
diagnosis • methods* • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data* • therapy •
therapy*},
Abstract = {This research tested if a 12-session coping improvement
group intervention (n = 104) reduced depressive symptoms
in HIV-infected older adults compared to an interpersonal
support group intervention (n = 105) and an individual
therapy upon request (ITUR) control condition (n = 86).
Participants were 295 HIV-infected men and women 50-plus
years of age living in New York City, Cincinnati, OH, and
Columbus, OH. Using A-CASI assessment methodology,
participants provided data on their depressive symptoms
using the Geriatric Depression Screening Scale (GDS) at
pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 4- and 8-month
follow-up. Whether conducted with all participants
(N = 295) or only a subset of participants diagnosed with
mild, moderate, or severe depressive symptoms (N = 171),
mixed models analyses of repeated measures found that both
coping improvement and interpersonal support group
intervention participants reported fewer depressive symptoms
than ITUR controls at post-intervention, 4-month follow-up,
and 8-month follow-up. The effect sizes of the differences
between the two active interventions and the control group
were greater when outcome analyses were limited to those
participants with mild, moderate, or severe depressive
symptoms. At no assessment period did coping improvement and
interpersonal support group intervention participants differ
in depressive symptoms.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10865-010-9292-6},
Key = {fds254045}
}
@article{fds254005,
Author = {Eloff, I and Forsyth, B and Finestone, M and Ebersöhn, L and Visser, M and Ferreira, R and Boeving, A and Sikkema, K},
Title = {Intervention groups for HIV-infected women: The need for
additional services},
Journal = {South African Journal of Psychology},
Volume = {41},
Number = {1},
Pages = {38-51},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0081-2463},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124631104100105},
Abstract = {The Kgolo Mmogo study is a randomised controlled
intervention trial that examines the effectiveness of a
group intervention to enhance resilience in HIV-infected
South African mothers (N = 427) and their young children
(N=435). We describe here how the severity of psychological
and social problems experienced by some of the study
participants required referrals for other services and
discuss the barriers encountered in facilitating such
referrals. Over a 30-month period 54 mothers and 59 children
were referred for additional support. For mothers, the most
frequent reasons for referral related to domestic violence
and problems within relationships, while for children the
most common grounds for referral were the evaluation and
treatment of behavioural problems and severe emotional
disturbances, including depression. Eight children were
referred for suspected abuse. Observations from the study
demonstrate that current systems for referral are overloaded
and that there is a paucity of specialised services
available. Our experience suggests that participants may
benefit from using the intervention as a first point of
support and that psychosocial referrals should perhaps be
delayed until functional advice is provided (within the
group) on ways of accessing wider support effectively. The
intervention may also benefit from the inclusion of an
intervention team member who is specifically tasked to
follow up on referrals. This includes follow-up for
participants who were not included in the group
intervention. Furthermore, we argue that socio-economic
constraints which often manifest as lack of mobility to
access service delivery, can severely impact on the
impiementation of an intervention study in a developing
context. This constraint is experienced in terms of limited
access to experimental intervention groups and services from
referrals. © Psychological Society of South Africa. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1177/008124631104100105},
Key = {fds254005}
}
@article{fds254047,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Kochman, A and Hansen, NB and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {An evidence-based group coping intervention for women living
with HIV and history of childhood sexual
abuse.},
Journal = {International Journal of Group Psychotherapy},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {98-126},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1943-2836},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21244204},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Child •
Child Abuse, Sexual • Cognitive Therapy* • Female
• HIV Infections • Humans • Middle Aged
• Psychotherapy, Group* • Risk-Taking* •
Stress, Psychological • Treatment Outcome • Women
• methods • psychology • psychology* •
therapy},
Abstract = {Women living with HIV/AIDS and a history of childhood sexual
abuse often exhibit sexual trauma symptoms and elevated
rates of HIV-risk behaviors. In this paper, we describe a
coping skills group intervention that reduced traumatic
stress and sexual-risk behavior in a recent randomized
clinical trial. We focused on clinical issues that emerged
among female participants receiving the intervention.
Clinical observations showed that recognizing connections
between trauma, psychological distress, and high risk
behaviors was a new and powerful experience for many
participants. Participants successfully applied
psychoeducational material, expressing an increased sense of
power and control over their relationships and behaviors as
they developed more adaptive cognitive and behavioral
skills. Women expressed high levels of satisfaction with the
intervention. Recommendations for clinical practice are
provided.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1521/ijgp.2011.61.1.98},
Key = {fds254047}
}
@article{fds254044,
Author = {Meade, CS and Drabkin, AS and Hansen, NB and Wilson, PA and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Reductions in alcohol and cocaine use following a group
coping intervention for HIV-positive adults with childhood
sexual abuse histories.},
Journal = {Addiction},
Volume = {105},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1942-1951},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1360-0443},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20840176},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adolescent • Adult
• Alcohol Drinking • Child • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Cocaine-Related Disorders • Female •
HIV Infections • Humans • Intention to Treat
Analysis • Linear Models • Logistic Models •
Male • New York City • Outcome Assessment (Health
Care) • Psychotherapy, Group* • Sexual Behavior
• Stress, Psychological • Substance-Related
Disorders • Treatment Outcome • Urban Population
• complications • epidemiology • psychology
• psychology* • rehabilitation •
rehabilitation* • statistics & numerical data •
therapy • trends},
Abstract = {AIMS: Few interventions exist to reduce alcohol and
non-injection drug use among people living with HIV/AIDS.
This study tested the effects of a coping group intervention
for HIV-positive adults with childhood sexual abuse
histories on alcohol, cocaine and marijuana use. DESIGN:
Participants were assigned randomly to the experimental
coping group or a time-matched comparison support group.
Both interventions were delivered in a group format over 15
weekly 90-minute sessions. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A
diverse sample of 247 HIV-positive men and women with
childhood sexual abuse were recruited from AIDS service
organizations and community health centers in New York City.
MEASUREMENTS: Substance use was assessed pre- and
post-intervention and every 4 months during a 12-month
follow-up period. Using an intent-to-treat analysis,
longitudinal changes in substance use by condition were
assessed using generalized estimating equations. FINDINGS:
At baseline, 42% of participants drank alcohol, 26% used
cocaine and 26% used marijuana. Relative to participants in
the support group, those in the coping group had greater
reductions in quantity of alcohol use (Wald χ²(₄)=10.77,
P = 0.029) and any cocaine use (Wald χ²(₄) = 9.81, P =
0.044) overtime. CONCLUSIONS: Many HIV patients,
particularly those with childhood sexual abuse histories,
continue to abuse substances. This group intervention that
addressed coping with HIV and sexual trauma was effective in
reducing alcohol and cocaine use, with effects sustained at
12-month follow-up. Integrating mental health treatment into
HIV prevention may improve outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03075.x},
Key = {fds254044}
}
@article{fds254004,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Wilson, PD and Hansen, NB},
Title = {Erratum: Effects of a coping intervention on transmission
risk behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS and a
history of childhood sexual abuse (Journal of Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndromes (2008) 47 (506-513))},
Journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
Volume = {55},
Number = {2},
Pages = {286},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1525-4135},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181fb43bf},
Doi = {10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181fb43bf},
Key = {fds254004}
}
@article{fds254043,
Author = {Persons, E and Kershaw, T and Sikkema, KJ and Hansen,
NB},
Title = {The impact of shame on health-related quality of life among
HIV-positive adults with a history of childhood sexual
abuse.},
Journal = {Aids Patient Care and Stds},
Volume = {24},
Number = {9},
Pages = {571-580},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1557-7449},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20718687},
Keywords = {Child • Child Abuse, Sexual • Female • HIV
Infections • Health Status Indicators • Humans
• Male • Quality of Life* • Shame* •
Social Support • psychology*},
Abstract = {Childhood sexual abuse is prevalent among people living with
HIV, and the experience of shame is a common consequence of
childhood sexual abuse and HIV infection. This study
examined the role of shame in health-related quality of life
among HIV-positive adults who have experienced childhood
sexual abuse. Data from 247 HIV-infected adults with a
history of childhood sexual abuse were analyzed.
Hierarchical linear regression was conducted to assess the
impact of shame regarding both sexual abuse and HIV
infection, while controlling for demographic, clinical, and
psychosocial factors. In bivariate analyses, shame regarding
sexual abuse and HIV infection were each negatively
associated with health-related quality of life and its
components (physical well-being, function and global
well-being, emotional and social well-being, and cognitive
functioning). After controlling for demographic, clinical,
and psychosocial factors, HIV-related, but not sexual
abuse-related, shame remained a significant predictor of
reduced health-related quality of life, explaining up to 10%
of the variance in multivariable models for overall
health-related quality of life, emotional, function and
global, and social well-being and cognitive functioning over
and above that of other variables entered into the model.
Additionally, HIV symptoms, perceived stress, and perceived
availability of social support were associated with
health-related quality of life in multivariable models.
Shame is an important and modifiable predictor of
health-related quality of life in HIV-positive populations,
and medical and mental health providers serving HIV-infected
populations should be aware of the importance of shame and
its impact on the well-being of their patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/apc.2009.0209},
Key = {fds254043}
}
@article{fds253961,
Author = {Puffer, ES and Broverman, S and Odhiambo, RO and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {MENTAL HEALTH FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV RISK BEHAVIOR
AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN RURAL KENYA},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {205-205},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275841700798&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253961}
}
@article{fds254070,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Neufeld, SA and Hansen, NB and Mohlahlane, R and Van
Rensburg, MJ and Watt, MH and Fox, AM and Crewe, M},
Title = {Integrating HIV prevention into services for abused women in
South Africa.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {431-439},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19826941},
Keywords = {Adult • Battered Women* • Feasibility Studies
• Female • HIV Infections • Health Education
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans
• Male • Risk Reduction Behavior • Sexual
Partners* • South Africa • Spouse Abuse* •
Violence* • prevention & control* •
transmission},
Abstract = {The relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and
HIV risk is well documented, but few interventions jointly
address these problems. We developed and examined the
feasibility of an intervention to reduce HIV risk behaviors
among 97 women seeking services for IPV from a
community-based NGO in Johannesburg, South Africa. Two
versions of the intervention (a 6-session group and a 1-day
workshop) were implemented, both focusing on HIV prevention
strategies integrated with issues of gender and power
imbalance. Attendance was excellent in both intervention
groups. Assessments were conducted at baseline,
post-intervention and two-month follow-up to demonstrate the
feasibility of an intervention trial. Women in both groups
reported reductions in HIV misperceptions and trauma
symptoms, and increases in HIV knowledge, risk reduction
intentions, and condom use self-efficacy. The 6-session
group showed greater improvements in HIV knowledge and
decreases in HIV misperceptions in comparison to the 1-day
workshop. The study demonstrated the feasibility and
potential benefit of providing HIV prevention intervention
to women seeking assistance for IPV.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9620-4},
Key = {fds254070}
}
@misc{fds254071,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Watt, MH and Drabkin, AS and Meade, CS and Hansen, NB and Pence, BW},
Title = {Mental health treatment to reduce HIV transmission risk
behavior: a positive prevention model.},
Journal = {Aids Behav},
Volume = {14},
Number = {2},
Pages = {252-262},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20013043},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • HIV Infections • Humans •
Mental Disorders • Mental Health • Models,
Biological* • Patient Compliance • Risk-Taking
• Sexual Behavior • complications • drug
therapy* • epidemiology • prevention & control*
• transmission*},
Abstract = {Secondary HIV prevention, or "positive prevention," is
concerned with reducing HIV transmission risk behavior and
optimizing the health and quality of life of people living
with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The association between mental health
and HIV transmission risk (i.e., sexual risk and poor
medication adherence) is well established, although most of
this evidence is observational. Further, a number of
efficacious mental health treatments are available for PLWHA
yet few positive prevention interventions integrate mental
health treatment. We propose that mental health treatment,
including behavioral and pharmacologic interventions, can
lead to reductions in HIV transmission risk behavior and
should be a core component of secondary HIV prevention. We
present a conceptual model and recommendations to guide
future research on the effect of mental health treatment on
HIV transmission risk behavior among PLWHA.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9650-y},
Key = {fds254071}
}
@article{fds254066,
Author = {Steward, WT and Remien, RH and Higgins, JA and Dubrow, R and Pinkerton,
SD and Sikkema, KJ and Truong, H-HM and Johnson, MO and Hirsch, J and Brooks, RA and Morin, SF},
Title = {Behavior change following diagnosis with acute/early HIV
infection-a move to serosorting with other HIV-infected
individuals. The NIMH Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study:
III.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1054-1060},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19504178},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Adult • Condoms •
Evaluation Studies as Topic • Female • HIV •
HIV Infections • Health Behavior • Humans •
Male • Risk Factors • Risk Reduction Behavior*
• United States • Unsafe Sex • Young Adult
• diagnosis* • prevention & control •
psychology • psychology* • statistics & numerical
data • statistics & numerical data* • transmission
• utilization*},
Abstract = {Risk reductions behaviors are especially important during
acute/early HIV infection, a period of high transmission
risk. We examined how sexual behaviors changed following
diagnosis of acute/early HIV infection. Twenty-eight
individuals completed structured surveys and in-depth
interviews shortly after learning of their infection and 2
months later. Quantitative analyses revealed significant
changes after diagnosis, including reductions in total
partners and decreases in the proportion of unprotected sex
acts occurring with uninfected partners (serosorting).
Qualitative findings indicated that these changes were
motivated by concerns about infecting others. However,
participants were less successful at increasing the
frequency with which they used condoms. These results
suggest that the initial diagnosis with HIV may constitute
an important component of interventions to promote risk
reduction during the acute/early stages of the
disease.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9582-6},
Key = {fds254066}
}
@article{fds254067,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Morin, SF and Remien, RH and Steward, WT and Higgins, JA and Seal, DW and Dubrow, R and Atkinson, JH and Kerndt, PR and Pinkerton,
SD and Mayer, K and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Lessons learned about behavioral science and acute/early HIV
infection. The NIMH Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study:
V.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1068-1074},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19504179},
Keywords = {Cost-Benefit Analysis • Female • HIV Infections*
• HIV-1 • Health Behavior • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice* • Humans • Male •
National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) • Primary
Prevention • Program Evaluation • Public Health
• Risk Factors • Sexual Behavior* •
Socioeconomic Factors • United States • diagnosis
• methods* • prevention & control •
psychology • transmission},
Abstract = {Acute/early HIV infection is a period of heightened HIV
transmission and a window of opportunity for intervention to
prevent onward disease transmission. The NIMH Multisite
Acute HIV Infection (AHI) Study was an exploratory
initiative aimed at determining the feasibility of
recruiting persons with AHI into research, assessing their
psychosocial and behavioral characteristics, and examining
short-term changes in these characteristics. This paper
reports on lessons learned in the study, including: (1) the
need to establish the cost-effectiveness of AHI testing; (2)
challenges to identifying persons with AHI; (3) the need to
increase awareness of acute-phase HIV transmission risks;
(4) determining the goals of behavioral interventions
following AHI diagnosis; and (5) the need for "rapid
response" public health systems that can move quickly enough
to intervene while persons are still in the AHI stage. There
are untapped opportunities for behavioral and medical
science collaborations in these areas that could reduce the
incidence of HIV infection.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9579-1},
Key = {fds254067}
}
@article{fds254068,
Author = {Atkinson, JH and Higgins, JA and Vigil, O and Dubrow, R and Remien, RH and Steward, WT and Casey, CY and Sikkema, KJ and Correale, J and Ake, C and McCutchan, JA and Kerndt, PR and Morin, SF and Grant,
I},
Title = {Psychiatric context of acute/early HIV infection. The NIMH
Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study: IV.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1061-1067},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19517225},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Anxiety •
Depression • Female • HIV Infections • HIV-1
• Humans • Male • Mental Disorders •
Middle Aged • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales •
Questionnaires • Sexual Behavior • Stress,
Psychological • Substance-Related Disorders •
United States • diagnosis • epidemiology •
isolation & purification • psychology •
psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {Acute/early HIV infection is a period of high risk for HIV
transmission. Better understanding of behavioral aspects
during this period could improve interventions to limit
further transmission. Thirty-four participants with
acute/early HIV infection from six US cities were assessed
with the Mini International Diagnostic Interview, Beck
Depression Inventory II, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,
Brief COPE, and an in-depth interview. Most had a pre-HIV
history of alcohol or substance use disorder (85%); a
majority (53%) had a history of major depressive or bipolar
disorder. However, post-diagnosis coping was predominantly
adaptive, with only mild to moderate elevations of anxious
or depressive mood. Respondents described challenges
managing HIV in tandem with pre-existing substance abuse
problems, depression, and anxiety. Integration into medical
and community services was associated with adaptive coping.
The psychiatric context of acute/early HIV infection may be
a precursor to infection, but not necessarily a barrier to
intervention to reduce forward transmission of HIV among
persons newly infected.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9585-3},
Key = {fds254068}
}
@article{fds254069,
Author = {Remien, RH and Higgins, JA and Correale, J and Bauermeister, J and Dubrow, R and Bradley, M and Steward, WT and Seal, DW and Sikkema, KJ and Kerndt, PR and Mayer, KH and Truong, H-HM and Casey, CY and Ehrhardt,
AA and Morin, SF},
Title = {Lack of understanding of acute HIV infection among
newly-infected persons-implications for prevention and
public health: The NIMH Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study:
II.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1046-1053},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19533323},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Acute Disease • Awareness
• HIV Infections* • HIV-1 • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice* • Humans • Male •
National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) •
Questionnaires • Risk Factors • United States
• Young Adult • diagnosis • isolation &
purification* • prevention & control • psychology*
• transmission},
Abstract = {Acute/early HIV infection is a period of high HIV
transmission. Consequently, early detection of HIV infection
and targeted HIV prevention could prevent a significant
proportion of new transmissions. As part of an NIMH-funded
multisite study, we used in-depth interviews to explore
understandings of acute HIV infection (AHI) among 34
individuals diagnosed with acute/early HIV infection in six
US cities. We found a marked lack of awareness of
AHI-related acute retroviral symptoms and a lack of clarity
about AHI testing methods. Most participants knew little
about the meaning and/or consequences of AHI, particularly
that it is a period of elevated infectiousness. Over time
and after the acute stage of infection, many participants
acquired understanding of AHI from varied sources, including
the Internet, HIV-infected friends, and health clinic
employees. There is a need to promote targeted education
about AHI to reduce the rapid spread of HIV associated with
acute/early infection within communities at risk for
HIV.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9581-7},
Key = {fds254069}
}
@article{fds254002,
Author = {Otwombe, K and Dietrich, J and Sikkema, K and de Bruyn, G and Watt, MVD and Gray, G},
Title = {OA04-04. Perceived parental willingness for their
adolescents to participate in future HIV prevention trials:
A survey conducted amongst adolescents in
Soweto},
Journal = {Retrovirology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {SUPPL. 3},
Pages = {O28-O28},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1742-4690},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-6-S3-O28},
Doi = {10.1186/1742-4690-6-S3-O28},
Key = {fds254002}
}
@article{fds254003,
Author = {Makongoza, N and Dietrich, J and Otwombek, K and De Bruyn and G and Sikkema, K and Gray, G},
Title = {P19-27. Willingness of adolescents in Soweto, South Africa
to participate in future HIV prevention trials},
Journal = {Retrovirology},
Volume = {6},
Number = {SUPPL. 3},
Pages = {P347-P347},
Publisher = {Springer Nature},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1742-4690},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-6-S3-P347},
Doi = {10.1186/1742-4690-6-S3-P347},
Key = {fds254003}
}
@article{fds254017,
Author = {Beckwith, CG and Cornwall, AH and Dubrow, R and Chapin, K and Ducharme,
R and Rodriguez, I and Velasquez, L and Merson, MH and Sikkema, KJ and Mayer, K},
Title = {Identifying acute HIV infection in Rhode
Island.},
Journal = {Medicine and Health, Rhode Island},
Volume = {92},
Number = {7},
Pages = {231-233},
Year = {2009},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1086-5462},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19685637},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Acute Disease • Adult •
Female • HIV Infections • Humans • Male
• Mass Screening • Middle Aged • Referral and
Consultation • Rhode Island • Unsafe Sex •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • prevention & control
• statistics & numerical data •
transmission},
Abstract = {The relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and
HIV risk is well documented, but few interventions jointly
address these problems. We developed and examined the
feasibility of an intervention to reduce HIV risk behaviors
among 97 women seeking services for IPV from a
community-based NGO in Johannesburg, South Africa. Two
versions of the intervention (a 6-session group and a 1-day
workshop) were implemented, both focusing on HIV prevention
strategies integrated with issues of gender and power
imbalance. Attendance was excellent in both intervention
groups. Assessments were conducted at baseline,
post-intervention and two-month follow-up to demonstrate the
feasibility of an intervention trial. Women in both groups
reported reductions in HIV misperceptions and trauma
symptoms, and increases in HIV knowledge, risk reduction
intentions, and condom use self-efficacy. The 6-session
group showed greater improvements in HIV knowledge and
decreases in HIV misperceptions in comparison to the 1-day
workshop. The study demonstrated the feasibility and
potential benefit of providing HIV prevention intervention
to women seeking assistance for IPV.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9620-4},
Key = {fds254017}
}
@article{fds254016,
Author = {Dubrow, R and Sikkema, KJ and Mayer, KH and Bruce, RD and Julian, P and Rodriguez, I and Beckwith, C and Roome, A and Dunne, D and Boeving, A and Kidder, TJ and Jenkins, H and Dobson, M and Becker, J and Merson,
MH},
Title = {Diagnosis of acute HIV infection in Connecticut.},
Journal = {Connecticut Medicine},
Volume = {73},
Number = {6},
Pages = {325-331},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0010-6178},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19637661},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Connecticut •
Feasibility Studies • HIV Infections • Humans
• Middle Aged • Primary Health Care • Risk
Factors • Young Adult • diagnosis* •
epidemiology • immunology},
Abstract = {Acute HIV infection (AHI) is the earliest stage of HIV
disease, when plasma HIV viremia, but not HIV antibodies,
can be detected. Acute HIV infection often presents as a
nonspecific viral syndrome. However, its diagnosis, which
enables linkage to early medical care and limits further HIV
transmission, is seldom made. We describe the experience of
Yale's Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS with
AHI diagnosis in Connecticut, as a participating center in
the National Institute of Mental Health Multisite AHI Study.
We sought to identify AHI cases by clinical referrals and by
screening for AHI at two substance abuse care facilities and
an STD clinic. We identified one case by referral and one
through screening of 590 persons. Screening for AHI is
feasible and probably cost effective. Primary care providers
should include AHI in the differential diagnosis when
patients present with a nonspecific viral
syndrome.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-009-9620-4},
Key = {fds254016}
}
@article{fds254065,
Author = {Johnson, CJ and Heckman, TG and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Adherence to antiretroviral medication in older adults
living with HIV/AIDS: a comparison of alternative
models.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {541-551},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1360-0451},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19444661},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Aged • Aged, 80 and
over • Anti-HIV Agents • Female • HIV
Infections • Humans • Male • Medication
Adherence • Middle Aged • Social Support •
Stress, Psychological • United States • drug
therapy • psychology* • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {The CDC estimates that by 2015, half of all persons living
with HIV/AIDS in the USA will be over the age of 50. Despite
increasing HIV seroprevalence rates in older adults, most
research examining adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART)
has focused on young HIV-infected persons and, in general,
has been atheoretical in nature. This study examined two ART
adherence conceptual frameworks to determine whether these
models generalize to HIV-seropositive older adults. Two
hundred and forty-four HIV-positive adults 50-plus years of
age were recruited through AIDS service organizations in
Ohio and New York. Participants completed a
neuropsychological battery and an audio computer-assisted
self-interview. FIML SEM analyses revealed that
neuropsychological functioning was not associated with
adherence. Fit indices supported a stress and coping model,
with negative affect mediating the effects of social support
and maladaptive coping on ART adherence. Results were
consistent with stress and coping models and suggest that
interventions intending to increase adherence to ART in
HIV-infected older adults may be more effective if they
address negative affect and enhance adaptive coping and
social support.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120802385611},
Key = {fds254065}
}
@article{fds254055,
Author = {Hansen, NB and Cavanaugh, CE and Vaughan, EL and Connell, CM and Tate,
DC and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {The influence of personality disorder indication, social
support, and grief on alcohol and cocaine use among
HIV-positive adults coping with AIDS-related
bereavement.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {375-384},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17846878},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Adult • Alcohol Drinking •
Bereavement* • Cocaine-Related Disorders •
Depression • Female • Grief* • HIV Infections
• Humans • Male • Personality Disorders
• Social Support* • Stress, Psychological •
complications • etiology • mortality •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {Substance use is prevalent among HIV-positive adults and
linked to a number of adverse health consequences; however
little is known about risk and protective factors that
influence substance use among HIV-positive adults coping
with AIDS-related bereavement. Using structural equation
modeling (SEM), male gender, diagnostic indications of
antisocial and borderline personality disorders (PD), and
grief severity were tested as risk factors, and social
support as a protective factor, for alcohol and cocaine use
among a diverse sample of 268 HIV-positive adults enrolled
in an intervention for AIDS-related bereavement. Results
indicated that the hypothesized model fit the study data.
Male gender, PD indication, and social support had direct
effects on substance use. PD had significant indirect
effects on both alcohol and cocaine use, mediated by social
support, but not by grief. Finally, both PD and social
support had significant, but opposite, effects on grief.
Implications for intervention and prevention efforts are
discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-007-9308-6},
Key = {fds254055}
}
@article{fds254057,
Author = {Meade, CS and Kershaw, TS and Hansen, NB and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Long-term correlates of childhood abuse among adults with
severe mental illness: adult victimization, substance abuse,
and HIV sexual risk behavior.},
Journal = {Aids Behav},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-216},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17968646},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Child • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Child, Preschool • Crime Victims* •
Female • HIV Infections* • Humans • Male
• Mental Disorders • Middle Aged • Models,
Theoretical • Questionnaires • Risk Factors •
Risk-Taking* • Sexual Behavior* •
Substance-Related Disorders • Young Adult •
epidemiology • psychology • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data • statistics & numerical
data*},
Abstract = {The prevalence of childhood sexual and physical abuse among
persons with severe mental illness (SMI) is
disproportionately high. Adults with SMI also engage in high
rates of HIV risk behaviors. This study examined the
association between childhood abuse and adult victimization,
substance abuse, and lifetime HIV sexual risk in a sample of
152 adults with SMI receiving community mental health
services. Structured interviews assessed psychiatric,
psychosocial, and behavioral risk factors. Seventy percent
reported childhood physical and/or sexual abuse, and 32%
reported both types of abuse. Participants with childhood
abuse were more likely to report adult victimization and
greater HIV risk. A structural equation model found that
childhood abuse was directly and indirectly associated with
HIV risk through drug abuse and adult vicitimization.
Integrated treatment approaches that address interpersonal
violence and substance abuse may be necessary for HIV risk
reduction in this population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-007-9326-4},
Key = {fds254057}
}
@article{fds254063,
Author = {Meade, CS and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Utilization of medical treatments and adherence to
antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive adults with
histories of childhood sexual abuse.},
Journal = {Aids Patient Care Stds},
Volume = {23},
Number = {4},
Pages = {259-266},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1557-7449},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19260772},
Keywords = {Adult • Ambulatory Care • Anti-HIV Agents •
Child • Child Abuse, Sexual* • Emergency Medical
Services • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Patient Compliance*
• Social Support • complications • drug
therapy* • psychology • statistics & numerical
data • therapeutic use* • therapy •
utilization*},
Abstract = {HIV is a chronic, life-threatening illness that necessitates
regular and consistent medical care. Childhood sexual abuse
(CSA) is a common experience among HIV-positive adults and
may interfere with treatment utilization. This study
examined rates and correlates of treatment utilization among
HIV-positive adults with CSA enrolled in a coping
intervention trial in New York City. The baseline assessment
included measures of treatment utilization, mental health,
substance abuse, and other psychosocial factors. In
2002-2004, participants (50% female, 69% African-American, M
= 42.3 +/- 6.8 years old) were recruited. Nearly all (99%)
received HIV medical care. However, 20% had no outpatient
visits and 24% sought emergency services in the past 4
months. Among 184 participants receiving antiretroviral
therapy (ART), 22% were less than 90% adherent in the past
week. In a multivariable logistic regression model, no
outpatient treatment was associated with African American
race (AOR = 3.46 [1.42-8.40]), poor social support (AOR =
1.59 [1.03-2.45]), and abstinence from illicit drug use (AOR
= 0.37 [0.16-0.85]). Emergency service utilization was
associated with HIV symptoms (AOR = 2.30 [1.22-4.35]), binge
drinking (AOR=2.92 (1.18-7.24)), and illicit drug use (AOR =
1.98 [1.02-3.85]). Poor medication adherence was associated
with trauma symptoms (AOR = 2.64 [1.07-6.75]) and poor
social support (AOR = 1.82 [1.09-2.97]). In sum, while
participants had access to HIV medical care, a sizable
minority did not adhere to recommended guidelines and thus
may not be benefiting optimally from treatment.
Interventions targeting HIV-positive adults with CSA
histories may need to address trauma symptoms, substance
abuse, and poor social support that interfere with medical
treatment utilization and adherence.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/apc.2008.0210},
Key = {fds254063}
}
@article{fds254061,
Author = {Smith, NG and Tarakeshwar, N and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Coping mediates outcome following a randomized group
intervention for HIV-positive bereaved individuals.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {65},
Number = {3},
Pages = {319-335},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1097-4679},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19152338},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Bereavement*
• Female • HIV Seropositivity* • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • New York City •
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)* • Psychotherapy,
Group* • Questionnaires • Wisconsin • Young
Adult},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms
responsible for the beneficial psychological effects of a
coping-focused group intervention for HIV-positive
individuals who had lost loved ones to AIDS. Data from 235
HIV-positive men and women enrolled in a randomized
controlled clinical trial testing a coping-focused group
intervention were analyzed using a multiple-indicator-multiple-cause
(MIMIC) structural equation model. Results revealed that the
effects of the intervention on decreases in depression and
grief were mediated by decreases in avoidant coping.
Specifically, participants in the intervention condition
decreased their use of avoidant coping. Decreases in
avoidant coping, in turn, were related to decreased
depression and grief. The results of this study help to
validate the use of coping-focused interventions for
HIV-positive bereaved individuals.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/jclp.20547},
Key = {fds254061}
}
@article{fds254064,
Author = {Hansen, NB and Vaughan, EL and Cavanaugh, CE and Connell, CM and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Health-related quality of life in bereaved HIV-positive
adults: relationships between HIV symptoms, grief, social
support, and Axis II indication.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {249-257},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19290717},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Adult • Antisocial Personality
Disorder • Bereavement* • Borderline Personality
Disorder • Comorbidity • Female • Grief*
• HIV Seropositivity • Homosexuality, Male •
Humans • Male • Models, Psychological •
Personality Inventory • Psychotherapy, Group •
Quality of Life • Sick Role* • Social Support*
• Statistics as Topic • epidemiology •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study evaluated a model of the impact of borderline and
antisocial personality disorder indications on HIV symptoms
and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in AIDS-bereaved
adults, accounting for grief severity, social support, and
years since HIV diagnosis.Structural equation modeling was
used to test the proposed model in a sample of 268
HIV-seropositive adults enrolled in an intervention for
coping with AIDS-related bereavement.Functional assessment
of HIV infection, HIV symptoms.The proposed model
demonstrated excellent fit with study data and all
hypothesized paths were supported. Personality disorder
indication was directly related to HIV symptoms and HRQoL
and indirectly related through both social support and grief
severity. Social support was negatively related to HIV
symptoms and positively related to HRQoL, while grief
severity was positively related to HIV symptoms and
negatively related to HRQoL. Finally, HIV symptoms had a
direct negative relationship with HRQoL.Personality
disorders have a direct negative effect on HIV symptoms and
HRQoL and indirect effects through grief severity and social
support.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/a0013168},
Key = {fds254064}
}
@article{fds254042,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Meade, CS and Kochman, A and Fox,
AM},
Title = {Psychosocial predictors of sexual HIV transmission risk
behavior among HIV-positive adults with a sexual abuse
history in childhood.},
Journal = {Archives of Sexual Behavior},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1},
Pages = {121-134},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1573-2800},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17999171},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Child, Preschool • Female • HIV
Infections • Humans • Logistic Models • Male
• Neuropsychological Tests • Odds Ratio •
Questionnaires • Risk-Taking* • Shame •
Substance-Related Disorders • Unsafe Sex •
psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with HIV sexual
risk behavior. Although many psychosocial correlates of
sexual risk among HIV-positive persons have been identified,
studies predicting continued risk among HIV-positive adults
with histories of CSA are limited. This cross-sectional
study identified variables predictive of sexual transmission
risk behavior among an ethnically diverse sample of 256
HIV-positive adults (women and men who have sex with men;
MSM) with CSA histories. Participants were assessed for
trauma symptoms, shame related to HIV and sexual trauma,
substance use, coping style, and sexual risk behavior.
Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify
variables predictive of unprotected sexual behavior in the
past 4 months. Unprotected sex was significantly associated
with substance use and trauma-related behavioral
difficulties among women and men, and less spiritual coping
among men. Unprotected sex with HIV negative or serostatus
unknown partners was significantly associated with greater
trauma-related behavioral difficulties, more HIV-related
shame, and fewer active coping strategies. Thus, trauma
symptoms, shame, coping style, and substance use were
significantly associated with sexual risk behavior among
HIV-positive adults with histories of CSA, with models of
prediction differing by gender and partner serostatus. HIV
prevention intervention for persons with HIV and CSA
histories should address trauma-related behavioral
difficulties and enhance coping skills to reduce sexual
transmission risk behavior.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10508-007-9238-4},
Key = {fds254042}
}
@article{fds254062,
Author = {Visser, MJ and Makin, JD and Vandormael, A and Sikkema, KJ and Forsyth,
BWC},
Title = {HIV/AIDS stigma in a South African community.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {197-206},
Year = {2009},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1360-0451},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229689},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over
• Female • HIV Infections • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Prejudice* • Public Opinion* •
Questionnaires • Socioeconomic Factors • South
Africa • Stereotyping* • Young Adult •
ethnology • psychology*},
Abstract = {HIV/AIDS-related stigma threatens to undermine interventions
to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. To address stigma in a South
African community, a thorough understanding of the nature of
stigma in the specific cultural context is needed. The goals
of this research were to assess the level of stigmatising
attitudes among members of a community, compare this to the
level of stigma that is perceived to exist within the
community and determine to what extent stigmatising
attitudes are affected by socio-demographic characteristics,
HIV-related experience and cultural beliefs. A questionnaire
was completed by 1077 respondents in key areas in two
communities in Tshwane, South Africa. The questionnaire
included an assessment of HIV-related experience,
HIV-knowledge, personal stigma and perceptions of stigma
within the community. The findings indicate that the level
of personal stigma was significantly lower than that
perceived to be present in the community. Respondents who
were more stigmatising were older, male, less educated and
less knowledgeable about HIV. They were less likely to know
someone with HIV and had more traditional cultural
viewpoints. While socio-demographic and cultural factors are
difficult to change, efforts aimed at increasing people's
knowledge and experience of the epidemic occurring in their
community could change the level of stigmatising attitudes
within their community. Such efforts could have potential
benefits in addressing the epidemic and providing greater
support for those with HIV.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120801932157},
Key = {fds254062}
}
@article{fds253939,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Kalichman, SC and Simbayi, LC and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {HIV prevention needs: Primary prevention and prevention for
people living with HIV/AIDS},
Pages = {19-40},
Booktitle = {Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income
Countries: Epidemiology, Prevention and Care},
Publisher = {Springer New York},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISBN = {9780387727103},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_2},
Abstract = {Chapter one of this volume provides an overview of the
global scenario of HIV and AIDS. Available data suggests
that the number of HIV infections has varied globally since
2000, with HIV rates in some countries such as Kenya and
Malawi declining, while other countries such as Uganda and
Thailand report setbacks in their previously declining rates
of HIV infection. Moreover, HIV/AIDS seems to be gaining
further ground in Russia and the most populous regions of
the world including India and China. For a sustainable
response to the epidemic, both prevention and treatment
services need to be brought to scale simultaneously.
Although 700,000 people began antiretroviral (ARV) treatment
in 2006, around four million people became infected with
HIV. As Kevin De Cock, the World Health Organization's (WHO)
HIV/AIDS Director emphasized, "We cannot treat our way out
of this epidemic. For every case going into treatment, six
more are going to the back of the line." (Alcorn, 2007) This
chapter provides a broad overview of primary prevention for
at-risk populations and prevention interventions targeted to
people living with HIV/AIDS. © Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC 2008.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_2},
Key = {fds253939}
}
@article{fds254001,
Author = {Chiu, J and Grobbelaar, J and Sikkema, K and Vandormoel, A and Bomela,
N and Kershaw, T},
Title = {HIV-related stigma and social capital in South
Africa.},
Journal = {Aids Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the
International Society for Aids Education},
Volume = {20},
Number = {6},
Pages = {519-530},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0899-9546},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.519},
Abstract = {Few studies have considered the relationship between social
capital and stigmatizing attitudes. The aim of this study is
to assess the relationship between HIV stigmatizing
attitudes and individual perceptions of social capital in
South Africa. The study surveyed 619 community members to
assess whether social capital predicted personal and
attributed HIV stigmatizing attitudes. Personal stigma was
defined as the individual's own attitude toward people with
HIV and attributed stigma were those attitudes that the
individual perceived as existing in their communities.
Results showed that social capital components significantly
predicted personal and attributed stigma above and beyond
demographic covariates and whether the participant knew
someone with HIV. Individual social capital components of
empowerment, trust, and group membership related to personal
stigma; and safety, trust, and homogeneity of residential
area related to attributed stigma.},
Doi = {10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.519},
Key = {fds254001}
}
@article{fds254058,
Author = {Lovejoy, TI and Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman,
A and Suhr, JA and Garske, JP and Johnson, CJ},
Title = {Patterns and correlates of sexual activity and condom use
behavior in persons 50-plus years of age living with
HIV/AIDS.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {12},
Number = {6},
Pages = {943-956},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1573-3254},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18389361},
Keywords = {Bisexuality • Computers • Condoms • Female
• HIV Infections • Heterosexuality •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Interviews as Topic
• Male • Middle Aged • New York City •
Ohio • Psychology • Questionnaires • Self
Disclosure • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• epidemiology • methods • prevention &
control* • psychology* • statistics & numerical
data* • transmission • utilization*},
Abstract = {This study characterized rates of sexual activity and
identified psychosocial and behavioral correlates of sexual
activity and condom use in a metropolitan sample of 290
HIV-infected adults 50-plus years of age. Thirty-eight
percent of participants were sexually active in the past
three months, 33% of whom had at least one occasion of anal
or vaginal intercourse that was not condom protected. Rates
and correlates of sexual activity and condom use differed
between gay/bisexual men, heterosexual men, and heterosexual
women. In the past three months, 72% of heterosexual men
were sexually active compared to only 36% of gay/bisexual
men and 21% of heterosexual women. However, among sexually
active persons, only 27% of heterosexual men reported
inconsistent condom use compared to 37% of gay/bisexual men
and 35% of heterosexual women. As the number of older adults
living with HIV/AIDS in the U.S. continues to increase,
age-appropriate secondary risk-reduction interventions are
urgently needed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-008-9384-2},
Key = {fds254058}
}
@article{fds254060,
Author = {Makin, JD and Forsyth, BWC and Visser, MJ and Sikkema, KJ and Neufeld,
S and Jeffery, B},
Title = {Factors affecting disclosure in South African HIV-positive
pregnant women.},
Journal = {Aids Patient Care and Stds},
Volume = {22},
Number = {11},
Pages = {907-916},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1557-7449},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19025485},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Demography • Disclosure*
• Female • HIV Seropositivity • Humans •
Longitudinal Studies • Pregnancy • Pregnancy
Complications, Infectious • Psychology •
Questionnaires • Risk Factors • Sexual Partners
• Socioeconomic Factors • South Africa •
psychology* • virology},
Abstract = {To provide understanding of social and psychological factors
that affect disclosure of HIV status among women diagnosed
HIV-positive in pregnancy, 438 HIV positive women attending
antenatal al clinics in Pretoria, South Africa were invited
to participate in a longitudinal study. A total of 293 (62%)
women were enrolled from June 2003 to December 2004.
Questionnaires assessing sociodemographics and psychological
measures were administered during pregnancy and at 3 months
postdelivery. At enrollment, 59% had disclosed to their
partners and 42% to others. This rose to 67% and 59%,
respectively, by follow-up. Logistic regression analysis
identified being married (adjusted odds Ratio [AOR] 2.32;
95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-4.47), prior discussion
about testing (AOR 4.19; CI 2.34-7.49), having a partner
with tertiary education (AOR 2.76; CI 1.29-5.88) and less
experience of violence (AOR 0.48; CI 0.24-0.97) as factors
associated with having disclosed to partners prior to
enrollment. Better housing (AOR 1.26; CI 1.06-1.49), less
financial dependence on partners (AOR 0.46; CI 0.25-0.85),
and knowing someone with HIV (AOR 2.13; CI 1.20-3.76) were
associated with prior disclosure to others. Increased levels
of stigma at baseline decreased the likelihood of disclosure
to partners postenrollment (AOR 0.91; CI 0.84-0.98) and
increased levels of avoidant coping decreased subsequent
disclosure to others (AOR 0.84; CI 0.72-0.97). These results
provide understanding of disclosure for women diagnosed as
HIV positive in pregnancy, and identify variables that could
be used to screen for women who require help.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1089/apc.2007.0194},
Key = {fds254060}
}
@article{fds254041,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Wilson, PA and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Neufeld, S and Ghebremichael, MS and Kershaw, T},
Title = {Effects of a coping intervention on transmission risk
behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS and a history of
childhood sexual abuse.},
Journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
Volume = {47},
Number = {4},
Pages = {506-513},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1525-4135},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18176319},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Child • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Female • HIV Infections • Health
Education • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Outcome Assessment (Health Care) • Sexual
Behavior • Sexual Partners • methods •
prevention & control* • psychology • psychology*
• transmission},
Abstract = {To examine the effect of a 15-session coping group
intervention compared with a 15-session therapeutic support
group intervention among HIV-positive men and women with a
history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on sexual
transmission risk behavior.A randomized controlled
behavioral intervention trial with 12-month follow-up.A
diverse sample of 247 HIV-positive men and women with
histories of CSA was randomized to 1 of 2 time-matched group
intervention conditions. Sexual behavior was assessed at
baseline; immediately after the intervention; and at 4-, 8-,
and 12-month follow-up periods (5 assessments). Changes in
frequency of unprotected anal and vaginal intercourse by
intervention condition were examined using generalized
linear mixed models for all partners, and specifically for
HIV-negative or serostatus unknown partners.Participants in
the HIV and trauma coping intervention condition decreased
their frequency of unprotected sexual intercourse more than
participants in the support intervention condition for all
partners (P < 0.001; d = 0.38, 0.32, and 0.38 at the 4-, 8-,
and 12-month follow-up periods, respectively) and for
HIV-negative and serostatus unknown partners (P < 0.001; d =
0.48, 0.39, and 0.04 at the 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-up
periods, respectively).A group intervention to address
coping with HIV and CSA can be effective in reducing
transmission risk behavior among HIV-positive men and women
with histories of sexual trauma.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/qai.0b013e318160d727},
Key = {fds254041}
}
@article{fds254059,
Author = {Wilson, PA and Hansen, NB and Tarakeshwar, N and Neufeld, S and Kochman,
A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {SCALE DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASURE TO ASSESS COMMUNITY-BASED AND
CLINICAL INTERVENTION GROUP ENVIRONMENTS.},
Journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3},
Pages = {271-288},
Year = {2008},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0090-4392},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19018295},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Demography • Disclosure*
• Female • HIV Seropositivity • Humans •
Longitudinal Studies • Pregnancy • Pregnancy
Complications, Infectious • Psychology •
Questionnaires • Risk Factors • Sexual Partners
• Socioeconomic Factors • South Africa •
psychology* • virology},
Abstract = {Though group interventions are widely used in
community-based and clinical settings, there are few brief
instruments for assessing the group environment. Two studies
on the development of a brief measure to assess intervention
group environments are described, and psychometric
properties of the new scale are presented. The new measure
is based on Moos' (1994) Group Environment Scale (GES).
Participants in the studies were from two independent
randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of group
interventions (combined N = 334). In Study 1 (N = 139), the
factor content of the original 90-item GES was examined. The
scale was shortened, the response format was changed, and
items were adapted and added to in an effort to increase
applicability to community-based and clinical intervention
groups. In Study 2 (N = 195), the new scale was evaluated,
the factor solution obtained in Study 1 was cross-validated,
and subsequently the length of the scale was shortened
again. The final scale contains 25 items with three
subscales. Reliability and validity of the new scale was
examined. Finally, the research and practice implications of
the scale are discussed.},
Language = {ENG},
Doi = {10.1002/jcop.20193},
Key = {fds254059}
}
@article{fds253957,
Author = {Johnson, CJ and Heckman, TG and Hansen, NB and Sikkema, KJ and Kochman,
A},
Title = {Modeling adherence to antiretroviral therapy in
HIV-seropositive older adults},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {35},
Pages = {S25-S25},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000259245500095&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253957}
}
@article{fds253896,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Holtgrave, DR},
Title = {Behavioral interventions for prevention of STDs and HIV
infection at the community level},
Pages = {1849-1856},
Booktitle = {Sexually Transmitted Diseases},
Publisher = {The McGraw-Hill Companies},
Editor = {Holmes, KK and et al},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds253896}
}
@article{fds253958,
Author = {Little, J and Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Kochman, A and Neufeld, S and Hansen, N},
Title = {AIDS-RELATED SHAME IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH
HIV/AIDS},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {S60-S60},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261185300231&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253958}
}
@article{fds253962,
Author = {Lovejoy, T and Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Kochman, A and Hansen, N and Neufeld, S},
Title = {SEXUAL RISK-TAKING IN PERSONS 50-PLUS YEARS OF AGE LIVING
WITH HIV/AIDS},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {S179-S179},
Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261185300699&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253962}
}
@article{fds254056,
Author = {Masten, J and Kochman, A and Hansen, NB and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {A short-term group treatment model for gay male survivors of
childhood sexual abuse living with HIV/AIDS.},
Journal = {International Journal of Group Psychotherapy},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {475-496},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0020-7284},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17937509},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Child •
Child Abuse, Sexual • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male • Humans • Male •
Psychotherapy, Group* • Survivors • epidemiology
• psychology* • statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {HIV-positive gay male survivors of childhood sexual abuse
(CSA) face three layers of trauma: childhood abuse,
homophobic oppression, and HIV/AIDS. Additionally, CSA has
been shown to increase HIV risk behavior among gay men, and
the trauma of HIV infection often parallels the experience
of CSA. Effective coping strategies are particularly
important for people living with HIV/AIDS in order to adapt
to physical, psychological, and social implications of
infection. However, coping strategies once adaptive in the
context of CSA may become maladaptive in adulthood.
Interventions are needed that enhance coping and address CSA
for survivors living with HIV/AIDS to protect their own
health and to prevent new transmissions. This article
presents a group model found to be efficacious for treating
gay male survivors of CSA living with HIV/AIDS.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1521/ijgp.2007.57.4.475},
Key = {fds254056}
}
@article{fds254000,
Author = {Hansen, N and Kershaw, T and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
K},
Title = {A classification and regression trees analysis predicting
treatment outcome following a group intervention randomized
controlled trial for HIV-positive adult survivors of
childhood sexual abuse},
Journal = {Psychotherapy Research},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {404-415},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1050-3307},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10503300600953512},
Abstract = {This study demonstrates the utility of classification and
regression trees (C&RTs) in predicting treatment outcome. A
total of 177 HIV-positive survivors of childhood sexual
abuse were randomly assigned to either a 15-session coping
group condition or a 15-session support group condition. Six
predictive categories were identified using C&RT, three
predicting clinically significant improvement and three
predicting no change. Variables predicting outcome differed
by intervention type; depressive symptoms and active coping
strategies predicted outcome for the coping group condition,
and shame about sexual abuse and dissociative symptoms
predicted outcome for the support group condition.
Methodological issues and implications for clinical decision
making are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1080/10503300600953512},
Key = {fds254000}
}
@article{fds254054,
Author = {Fox, AM and Jackson, SS and Hansen, NB and Gasa, N and Crewe, M and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {In their own voices: a qualitative study of women's risk for
intimate partner violence and HIV in South
Africa.},
Journal = {Violence Against Women},
Volume = {13},
Number = {6},
Pages = {583-602},
Year = {2007},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1077-8012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17515407},
Keywords = {Adult • Aggression • Battered Women •
Coercion • Cultural Characteristics • Female
• HIV Infections • Humans • Interpersonal
Relations • Middle Aged • Narration •
Questionnaires • Risk Factors • Sexual Partners
• Social Environment* • Social Perception •
South Africa • Spouse Abuse • Women's Health*
• prevention & control • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {This study qualitatively examines the intersections of risk
for intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV infection in
South Africa. Eighteen women seeking services for
relationship violence were asked semistructured questions
regarding their abusive experiences and HIV risk.
Participants had experienced myriad forms of abuse, which
reinforced each other to create a climate that sustained
abuse and multiplied HIV risk. Male partners having multiple
concurrent sexual relationships, and poor relationship
communication compounded female vulnerability to HIV and
abuse. A social environment of silence, male power, and
economic constraints enabled abuse to continue. "Breaking
the silence" and women's empowerment were suggested
solutions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1077801207299209},
Key = {fds254054}
}
@article{fds254097,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Srikrishnan, AK and Johnson, S and Vasu, C and Solomon, S and Merson, M and Sikkema, K},
Title = {A social cognitive model of health for HIV-positive adults
receiving care in India.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {491-504},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-006-9161-z},
Keywords = {Adult • Anti-HIV Agents • Cultural
Characteristics* • Family • Female • HIV
Infections • Health Services Accessibility •
Humans • India • Male • Models,
Psychological* • Patient Compliance • Private
Sector • Questionnaires • Self Concept •
Sexual Behavior • Social Perception* •
epidemiology • epidemiology* • organization &
administration • organization & administration* •
therapeutic use • therapy},
Abstract = {In-depth interviews were conducted with 50 HIV-positive
adults (23 women, 27 men) with access to care at a
non-governmental organization in Chennai, India to gain a
broad understanding of how they managed their HIV infection.
Using a Social Cognitive Model of Health, we identified
factors within the model's three domains--Personal,
Environmental, and Behavioral--that are applicable to this
socio-cultural context. The Personal domain's factors were a
positive self-concept, family-focused goals, and treatment
optimism; the Environmental domain comprised family-based
support, treatment availability, access and quality, and HIV
stigma and discrimination; and the Behavior domain's factors
were medication adherence and health habits, sexual
behavior, and social relationships and emotional well-being.
Significant differences for many of the factors within the
three domains were observed across married men and women,
widowed women, unmarried men, and female sex workers.
Implications for an enhanced intervention for HIV-infected
individuals in similar treatment settings are
discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-006-9161-z},
Key = {fds254097}
}
@article{fds254083,
Author = {Meade, CS and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Psychiatric and psychosocial correlates of sexual risk
behavior among adults with severe mental
illness.},
Journal = {Community Mental Health Journal},
Volume = {43},
Number = {2},
Pages = {153-169},
Year = {2007},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0010-3853},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17143728},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adult •
Ambulatory Care • Child • Child Abuse, Sexual
• Cognitive Therapy • Condoms • Connecticut
• Cross-Sectional Studies • Female • HIV
Infections • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Health Surveys • Humans • Male •
Mental Disorders • Middle Aged • Psychotic
Disorders • Risk Factors • Sex Factors •
Sexual Behavior • Statistics as Topic •
Substance-Related Disorders • Unsafe Sex •
epidemiology • prevention & control • psychology
• psychology* • rehabilitation • statistics &
numerical data • transmission* •
utilization},
Abstract = {Persons with severe mental illness (SMI) are
disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This study examined
multivariate correlates of sexual risk among 152 adults with
SMI receiving outpatient psychiatric treatment. Structured
interviews assessed psychiatric, psychosocial, and
behavioral risk factors. The majority was sexually active
(65%), and many reported unprotected intercourse (73%),
multiple partners (45%), and sex trading (21%) in the past
year. Logistic regression models found that sexual behaviors
were differentially associated with non-psychotic disorder,
psychiatric symptoms, substance abuse, childhood sexual
abuse, romantic partnership, and social support (all ps <
.05). Findings underscore the need for targeted HIV
prevention interventions that address psychiatric and
psychosocial risk factors.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10597-006-9071-6},
Key = {fds254083}
}
@article{fds254079,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Tarakeshwar, N and Neufeld, S and Meade, CS and Fox, AM},
Title = {Outcomes from a group intervention for coping with HIV/AIDS
and childhood sexual abuse: reductions in traumatic
stress.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {49-60},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16858634},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Child • Child Abuse,
Sexual • Crime Victims* • Female • HIV
Infections • Humans • Male • New York City
• Psychotherapy, Group* • Stress Disorders,
Post-Traumatic • Urban Population • prevention &
control • psychology • therapy*},
Abstract = {Childhood sexual abuse is common among HIV-infected persons,
though few empirically supported treatments addressing
sexual abuse are available for men and women with HIV/AIDS.
This study reports the outcome from a randomized controlled
trial of a group intervention for coping with HIV and sexual
abuse. A diverse sample of 202 HIV-positive men and women
who were sexually abused as children was randomly assigned
to one of three conditions: a 15-session HIV and trauma
coping group intervention, a 15-session support group
comparison condition, or a waitlist control (later randomly
assigned to an intervention condition). Traumatic stress
symptoms were assessed at baseline and post-intervention,
with analysis conducted for the three-condition comparison
followed by analysis of the two-condition comparison between
the coping and support group interventions. Participants in
the coping group intervention exhibited reductions in
intrusive traumatic stress symptoms compared to the waitlist
condition and in avoidant traumatic stress symptoms compared
to the support group condition. No differences were found
between the support group intervention and waitlist
conditions. Tests of clinical significance documented the
meaningfulness of change in symptoms.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-006-9149-8},
Key = {fds254079}
}
@article{fds332049,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Meade, CS and Doughty-Berry, JD and Zimmerman, SO and Kloos, B and Snow, DL},
Title = {Community-level HIV prevention for persons with severe
mental illness living in supportive housing programs: a
pilot intervention study.},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {121-135},
Booktitle = {HIV: Issues with Mental Health and Illness},
Publisher = {The Hawthorne Press, Inc.},
Editor = {Eisenberg, MM and Blank, MB},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1085-2352},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J005v33n01_10},
Keywords = {Adult • Cognitive Therapy* • Community Mental
Health Services • Connecticut • Female •
Group Homes* • HIV Infections • Humans • Male
• Mentally Ill Persons • Middle Aged •
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)* • Pilot Projects
• Preventive Health Services • Program Evaluation
• Psychological Tests • Risk Factors •
Risk-Taking • Severity of Illness Index • Social
Support • Therapeutic Community • organization &
administration* • prevention & control* •
psychology • psychology* • supply &
distribution},
Abstract = {Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) are at risk for
HIV/AIDS. Despite the availability of supportive community
programs for those with SMI, there have been no published
evaluations of community-level HIV prevention trials among
this population. A pilot intervention trial was conducted to
determine the feasibility of such an intervention in
supportive housing programs (SHPs). A multi-component
community-level trial was implemented in two SHPs with a
total of 28 residents. Participants completed assessments at
three time points: prior to the intervention (baseline),
following skills training (post-assessment), and following
the 4-month community intervention (follow- up). Results
demonstrated significant improvements in psychosocial risk
factors at both post- and follow-up assessments, with
indications of sexual behavior change at follow-up. The
community-level intervention appeared to reduce the risk of
HIV among persons with SMI living in SHPs, and supports the
importance of conducting larger scale intervention
trials.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1300/J005v33n01_10},
Key = {fds332049}
}
@article{fds253999,
Author = {Ghebremichael, MS and Hansen, NB and Zhang, H and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {The dose effect of a group intervention for bereaved
HIV-positive individuals},
Journal = {Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice},
Volume = {10},
Number = {3},
Pages = {167-180},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1089-2699},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.10.3.167},
Abstract = {Group interventions for health-related issues such as cancer
and HIV infection have demonstrated effectiveness and are
widely used, yet the question of dosage for group
interventions has received little attention. This study
examined the longitudinal effect of varying doses of a group
intervention for coping with AIDS-related loss in 158
HIV-positive women and men. Grief and psychiatric distress
were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and at 4-, 8-,
and 12-month follow-ups. Longitudinal data analyses using
mixed models were conducted to examine differences in
outcome by dosage. Results show that both grief and
psychiatric distress were inversely related to dosage across
time, indicating that the higher the intervention exposure,
the greater the reduction in distress and grief. The
clinical significance of change by dosage was also
considered. © 2006 APA, all rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1037/1089-2699.10.3.167},
Key = {fds253999}
}
@article{fds254073,
Author = {Hansen, NB and Tarakeshwar, N and Ghebremichael, M and Zhang, H and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Longitudinal effects of coping on outcome in a randomized
controlled trial of a group intervention for HIV-positive
adults with AIDS-related bereavement.},
Journal = {Death Studies},
Volume = {30},
Number = {7},
Pages = {609-636},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0748-1187},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16865824},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Adult • Bereavement* • Ethnic
Groups • Female • Grief • HIV Seropositivity
• Humans • Longitudinal Studies • Male •
New York • Psychotherapy, Group* • Quality of Life
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic • Sexual
Behavior • Time Factors • Treatment Outcome •
United States • Wisconsin • mortality •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study examined the longitudinal effects of coping on
outcome one year following completion of a randomized,
controlled trial of a group coping intervention for
AIDS-related bereavement. Bereaved HIV-positive participants
(N = 267) were administered measures of grief, psychiatric
distress, quality of life, and coping at baseline,
post-intervention, and at 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-ups.
Coping strategies directly impacted all outcome variables
for both study conditions. Additionally, the coping
intervention moderated the relationship between avoidant
coping and the longitudinal course of grief and psychiatric
distress, resulting in greater reductions in grief and
distress for intervention participants after accounting for
avoidant coping strategies.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/07481180600776002},
Key = {fds254073}
}
@article{fds254095,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Ghebremichael, M and Kochman, A and Tarakeshwar, N and Meade, CS and Zhang, H},
Title = {A randomized controlled trial of a coping group intervention
for adults with HIV who are AIDS bereaved: longitudinal
effects on grief.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {25},
Number = {5},
Pages = {563-570},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17014273},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Anti-Retroviral Agents
• Bereavement* • Demography • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Grief • HIV Infections •
Humans • Male • Mass Screening •
Questionnaires • Time Factors • drug therapy
• epidemiology* • psychology* • therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {The authors sought to study the longitudinal effects of a
cognitive-behavioral group intervention for coping with AIDS
bereavement among a diverse sample of adults who were HIV
positive. Participants (N = 267) were randomly assigned to
receive the 12-week intervention or individual therapy upon
request. Measures were administered at baseline,
postintervention, and 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-ups.
Longitudinal data were analyzed with linear mixed models to
examine change in grief by condition across the study period
and the effect of the intervention on grief through its
interaction with psychiatric distress. The authors used the
Grief Reaction Index to assess grief and the Symptom
Checklist-90-Revised to assess global psychiatric distress.
Participants in both conditions reported decreases in grief
severity. However, among those with higher levels of
psychiatric distress, participants in the group intervention
had significantly lower grief severity scores compared with
participants in the individual therapy condition. The
long-term effectiveness of this AIDS-bereavement
intervention for psychiatrically distressed people with
HIV/AIDS supports the need for tailored interventions among
those at risk for complicated grief responses.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.25.5.563},
Key = {fds254095}
}
@article{fds254096,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Krishnan, AK and Johnson, S and Solomon, S and Sikkema, K and Merson, M},
Title = {Living with HIV infection: perceptions of patients with
access to care at a non-governmental organization in
Chennai, India.},
Journal = {Culture, Health & Sexuality},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {407-421},
Year = {2006},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1369-1058},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050600859609},
Keywords = {Adult • Anti-HIV Agents • Cultural Characteristics
• Female • HIV Infections • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice* • Health Services Accessibility
• Humans • India • Male • Patient
Compliance* • Private Sector • Questionnaires
• Social Perception* • Socioeconomic Factors
• drug therapy • organization & administration
• organization & administration* • psychology*
• statistics & numerical data* • therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {Through interviews, we examined explanatory frameworks of
living with HIV infection among 50 HIV-positive individuals
(23 women, 27 men) receiving care at a non-governmental
organization in Chennai, India. Results were analysed
according to three sets of issues, all of which were found
to differ by gender: causal beliefs about HIV, impact of
HIV, and care/treatment of HIV. HIV-positive participants
attributed their infection to biological, moral and social
causes, and the physical, financial and relationship
dimensions of their lives were impacted upon by the
infection. Furthermore, HIV-related stigma evoked fears
about isolation and discrimination. Regarding
care/treatment, men were most usually first initiated into
the healthcare system while women often entered as a
consequence of their partner's condition. Non-adherence to
medication was reported by 32% of the participants due to
financial constraints or side-effects. Although all
participants were hopeful about a cure for HIV, women were
less positive than men about treatment. Results highlight
the importance of a gender-sensitive approach to HIV care,
nuanced to accommodate an individual's gender, marital
status and social background.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/13691050600859609},
Key = {fds254096}
}
@article{fds254072,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Fox, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Resiliency among individuals with childhood sexual abuse and
HIV: perspectives on addressing sexual trauma.},
Journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {449-460},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0894-9867},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16929500},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adolescent • Adult
• Child • Child Abuse, Sexual • Emotions
• Female • HIV Infections • Humans •
Male • Models, Psychological • New York City
• Stress, Psychological • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {This study examined how resiliency (represented by optimism,
social support, religiosity, and finding growth and
meaning), within the context of perceived impact of sexual
trauma and HIV-related stress, was linked to perspectives on
addressing trauma among individuals (N=266) with HIV and
childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Structural equation modeling
analyses indicated that lower resiliency and greater
HIV-related stress were related to negative feelings about
addressing trauma, whereas greater resiliency and higher
perceived impact of sexual trauma were associated with
positive feelings about addressing trauma. Findings suggest
that multiple factors influence perspectives on addressing
trauma among individuals with HIV and CSA, and that
resiliency might influence these attitudes.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1002/jts.20132},
Key = {fds254072}
}
@article{fds254074,
Author = {Tate, DC and Van Den Berg and JJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Race, social support, and coping strategies among
HIV-positive gay and bisexual men.},
Journal = {Culture, Health & Sexuality},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {235-249},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1369-1058},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16801225},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • African
Americans • Bisexuality • Cultural Characteristics
• Cultural Diversity • European Continental
Ancestry Group • HIV Infections • Homosexuality,
Male • Humans • Interpersonal Relations •
Male • New York City • Questionnaires • Self
Concept • Social Support • Wisconsin •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Few studies have examined the relation between race, social
support, and coping, particularly among HIV-infected
individuals. We examined the relation of race and social
support to coping with HIV infection in a sample of 121 gay
and bisexual men (64 African American, 57 White). Compared
to White participants, African Americans reported higher use
of multiple coping strategies. High levels of perceived
social support were related to greater use of positive
coping and seeking support; lower levels of social support
were related to greater use of self-destructive coping.
There were no race-related differences in social support,
and no race by social support interactions. Possible
explanations for observed cultural differences and coping
challenges of African American gay and bisexual men with HIV
are discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/13691050600761268},
Key = {fds254074}
}
@article{fds253998,
Author = {Hansen, NB and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Treating posttraumatic stress disorder in people with
HIV.},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {5-6},
Booktitle = {Focus: A Guide to AIDS Research and Counseling},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1047-0719},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-006-9149-8},
Keywords = {HIV Infections • Humans • Stress Disorders,
Post-Traumatic • complications • complications*
• drug therapy • therapy*},
Abstract = {Childhood sexual abuse is common among HIV-infected persons,
though few empirically supported treatments addressing
sexual abuse are available for men and women with HIV/AIDS.
This study reports the outcome from a randomized controlled
trial of a group intervention for coping with HIV and sexual
abuse. A diverse sample of 202 HIV-positive men and women
who were sexually abused as children was randomly assigned
to one of three conditions: a 15-session HIV and trauma
coping group intervention, a 15-session support group
comparison condition, or a waitlist control (later randomly
assigned to an intervention condition). Traumatic stress
symptoms were assessed at baseline and post-intervention,
with analysis conducted for the three-condition comparison
followed by analysis of the two-condition comparison between
the coping and support group interventions. Participants in
the coping group intervention exhibited reductions in
intrusive traumatic stress symptoms compared to the waitlist
condition and in avoidant traumatic stress symptoms compared
to the support group condition. No differences were found
between the support group intervention and waitlist
conditions. Tests of clinical significance documented the
meaningfulness of change in symptoms.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-006-9149-8},
Key = {fds253998}
}
@article{fds254077,
Author = {Anderson, ES and Wagstaff, DA and Heckman, TG and Winett, RA and Roffman, RA and Solomon, LJ and Cargill, V and Kelly, JA and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model:
testing direct and mediated treatment effects on condom use
among women in low-income housing.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {31},
Number = {1},
Pages = {70-79},
Year = {2006},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16472041},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Condoms • Disclosure*
• Female • Humans • Motivation* • Public
Housing • Questionnaires • Social Behavior* •
Socioeconomic Factors • statistics & numerical data*
• utilization*},
Abstract = {The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of
HIV preventive behavior (1-4) specifies that treatment
effects on behavior occur largely as the result of treatment
effects on behavioral skills, which follow from effects on
information and motivation.The objective was to determine
whether the variables specified by the IMB model of HIV
preventive behavior (1-4) accounted for the relation between
an IMB-based treatment and resulting HIV preventive behavior
(condom use).Women (n = 557) living in 18 low-income housing
developments in 5 geographically dispersed cities were
recruited to participate in an HIV-prevention study. Women
(within housing developments) were randomly assigned to
receive an IMB-based, HIV risk-avoidance intervention or a
comparison intervention. Baseline and posttreatment (16
months after baseline) data were collected on condom use
information, motivation (social norms, attitudes,
intentions, and perceived risk), enactment of behavioral
skills (condom negotiation and procurement), and rates of
condom use in the past 2 months.The IMB intervention led to
a 12% to 16% increase in condom use rates over the course,
whereas the comparison intervention led to 2% decrease. In
addition, the IMB treatment led to greater increases in
condom use information, in the intentions and social norms
components of motivation and the condom procurement and
condom conversations components of behavioral skills. The
IMB model provided an acceptable fit to the data (root mean
square error of approximation < .05) and accounted for 50%
of the variance in posttreatment condom use among the
sample. Treatment effects on condom use were almost entirely
mediated by the IMB variables; specifically, motivation and
enactment of behavioral skills mediated the intervention's
impact on condom use.These results provide supporting
evidence as to how theoretical variables operate to effect
change within a theory-based intervention and provide
evidence as to the applicability of a prevailing theory of
HIV risk behavior among low-income minority
women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15324796abm3101_11},
Key = {fds254077}
}
@article{fds254090,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Khan, N and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {A relationship-based framework of spirituality for
individuals with HIV.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {59-70},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16489416},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Culture •
Family • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Interpersonal Relations • Male • Quality of
Life • Questionnaires • Spirituality* •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {Twenty HIV-positive individuals (10 male, 10 female)
participated in interviews on their spiritual life.
Interview themes suggest that the HIV diagnosis facilitated
a relationship-based framework of spirituality.
Relationships that formed this framework were: relationship
with God/Higher Power, renewed engagement with life, and
relationship with family. Within ''relationship with
God/Higher Power,'' subthemes included gratitude for God's
benevolent influence, spiritual struggles, and building
connections with their Higher Power. Self care,
transformation of life goals, and accepting mortality were
subthemes for ''renewed engagement with life.'' Subthemes
within ''relationship with family'' included finding a sense
of purpose, finding support through families, and families
as a source of strain. Overall, results suggest that
interventions that integrate spirituality need to consider a
notion of spirituality that goes beyond church attendance,
prayer, and Bible reading. These interventions must include
the positive aspects of spirituality and spiritual struggles
that individuals with HIV may experience.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-005-9052-8},
Key = {fds254090}
}
@article{fds90824,
Author = {CS Meade and KJ Sikkema},
Title = {Voluntary HIV testing among adults with severe mental
illness: frequency and associated factors.},
Journal = {AIDS and behavior},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {465-73},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-005-9033-y},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis* • Adult • Female • HIV
Infections • Humans • Linear Models • Male
• Mental Disorders • Middle Aged • Psychology
• Risk Factors • Risk-Taking • Severity of
Illness Index • complications* • diagnosis* •
prevention & control • statistics & numerical data
• transmission},
Abstract = {Adults with severe mental illness (SMI) are
disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This study
describes the frequency and associated factors of HIV
testing among psychiatric outpatients (N = 150) in a small
Northeastern city. A structured clinical interview assessed
demographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and psychiatric
factors. In the past year, 41% of participants were HIV
tested. A hierarchical linear regression model revealed the
following multivariate correlates: lower educational
attainment, HIV risk behavior, greater social support,
homelessness, non-psychotic disorder, borderline personality
disorder, and greater treatment utilization. Psychiatric
factors remained significant correlates of HIV testing after
accounting for psychosocial and behavioral factors. Although
HIV testing occurred among a substantial proportion of
participants, 45% of individuals who engaged in HIV risk
behavior were not tested in the past year. Adults with SMI
are in need of interventions promoting routine HIV testing
and risk-reduction counseling.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-005-9033-y},
Key = {fds90824}
}
@article{fds254081,
Author = {Meade, CS and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Voluntary HIV testing among adults with severe mental
illness: frequency and associated factors.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {9},
Number = {4},
Pages = {465-473},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16323033},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Child • Cohort Studies • Coitus
• Condoms • Female • HIV Infections •
Humans • Male • Patient Compliance • Patient
Education as Topic • Peer Group • Public Housing
• Risk Assessment • Risk Reduction Behavior •
Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• Substance Abuse, Intravenous • United States
• methods* • prevention & control •
prevention & control* • utilization},
Abstract = {Adults with severe mental illness (SMI) are
disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This study
describes the frequency and associated factors of HIV
testing among psychiatric outpatients (N = 150) in a small
Northeastern city. A structured clinical interview assessed
demographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and psychiatric
factors. In the past year, 41% of participants were HIV
tested. A hierarchical linear regression model revealed the
following multivariate correlates: lower educational
attainment, HIV risk behavior, greater social support,
homelessness, non-psychotic disorder, borderline personality
disorder, and greater treatment utilization. Psychiatric
factors remained significant correlates of HIV testing after
accounting for psychosocial and behavioral factors. Although
HIV testing occurred among a substantial proportion of
participants, 45% of individuals who engaged in HIV risk
behavior were not tested in the past year. Adults with SMI
are in need of interventions promoting routine HIV testing
and risk-reduction counseling.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10461-005-9033-y},
Key = {fds254081}
}
@article{fds254092,
Author = {Kloos, B and Gross, SM and Meese, KJ and Meade, CS and Doughty, JD and Hawkins, DD and Zimmerman, SO and Snow, DL and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Negotiating risk: knowledge and use of HIV prevention by
persons with serious mental illness living in supportive
housing.},
Journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {357-372},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0091-0562},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16389505},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adult •
Anecdotes as Topic • Community Mental Health Services
• Female • HIV Infections • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice* • Humans • Interview,
Psychological • Male • Mental Disorders •
Mentally Ill Persons • Middle Aged • Public
Housing* • Qualitative Research • Risk Factors
• Risk-Taking* • prevention & control* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {As a population, persons with serious mental illness (SMI)
have an elevated risk for HIV infection. However, relatively
little is known about how the risk of HIV has affected their
lives, how persons with SMI evaluate their HIV risk, and
what preventive measures they undertake. Furthermore,
relatively little is known about community-based HIV
prevention for persons with SMI as most interventions have
been restricted to clinical settings. This report presents
findings on the HIV-related experiences of persons with SMI
living in supportive housing programs, one possible setting
for implementing community-based HIV prevention with this
population. The qualitative investigation interviewed 41 men
and women living in five supportive housing programs.
In-depth, qualitative interviews elicited discussion of
research participants' (a) experiences with HIV, (b)
knowledge about HIV and HIV prevention, (c) assessments of
their own risk, (d) descriptions of how they apply their
prevention knowledge, and (e) reports of barriers for HIV
prevention. Research participants describe social networks
that have substantial contact with persons affected by HIV.
However, contrary to some expectations of persons with SMI,
research participants report using HIV prevention knowledge
in negotiating their risk of contracting HIV. The
implications of these findings are discussed in terms of
their relevance for implementing community-based HIV
prevention for persons with SMI.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10464-005-8631-1},
Key = {fds254092}
}
@article{fds253995,
Author = {Visser, M and Mundell, J and de Villiers, A and Sikkema, K and Jeffery,
B},
Title = {Development of structured support groups for HIV-positive
women in South Africa.},
Journal = {Sahara J : Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv/Aids Research
Alliance},
Volume = {2},
Number = {3},
Pages = {333-343},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1729-0376},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2005.9724858},
Abstract = {Women living with HIV in a stigmatising community need
support to cope with their HIV status. In a process of
action research, a structured support group programme was
designed to meet the needs of women to cope with their
diagnosis and interpersonal relationships. The emphasis was
on identifying their needs and developing programme material
to address those needs through group participation and
interaction. The programme was pilot-tested at two sites
located in two townships in Tshwane, South Africa. Feedback
after each session made it possible to adjust the programme
to the needs of the participants. In a formative evaluation,
audio-taped sessions, process notes of facilitators, and
experiences of the participants were used to identify
therapeutic elements, the value of the groups and the
problems in the implementation process. Women reported
benefit from participation in the support groups. A
10-session structured programme to be used in support groups
addressing the most important needs of HIV-positive women
was developed.},
Doi = {10.1080/17290376.2005.9724858},
Key = {fds253995}
}
@article{fds253997,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Fox, A and Ferro, C and Khawaja, S and Kachman, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {The connections between childhood sexual abuse and human
immunodeficiency virus infection: Implications for
interventions},
Journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
Volume = {33},
Number = {6},
Pages = {655-672},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0090-4392},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20077},
Abstract = {A qualitative study was conducted with 28 women who are
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and have
experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in order to examine
(1) the challenges generated by the experience of sexual
abuse and related coping strategies, (2) the impact of the
HIV diagnosis on their coping strategies, and (3) the links
perceived by the women between their CSA and HIV infection.
The interviews revealed that CSA raised challenges in four
areas: disclosure of the abuse, sexual problems,
relationship difficulties, and psychological distress. The
women used two strategies to cope with their CSA: illicit
substances to numb their emotional distress and sexual
activity, and alienation to gain control in relationships.
When diagnosed with HIV, the women initially coped with
their illness by using these two strategies. The women
reported that, over time, they were able to accept their HIV
illness, seek social support, find alternative sources of
significance, and use spirituality to sustain their growth.
However, they continued to suffer psychological distress
related to their sexual trauma. Further, most of the women
did not perceive any connection between the two traumas.
Implications of these findings for secondary prevention
interventions with women who have HIV and experience of CSA
are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.},
Doi = {10.1002/jcop.20077},
Key = {fds253997}
}
@article{fds253994,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Pearce, MJ and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Development and implementation of a spiritual coping group
intervention for adults living with HIV/AIDS: A pilot
study},
Journal = {Mental Health, Religion & Culture},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-190},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1367-4676},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13694670500138908},
Abstract = {The aims of the current study were to (1) describe a
spirituality-oriented, group pilot intervention for
HIV-positive adults, and (2) examine the preliminary impact
of the intervention among a sample (N = 13) of adults living
with HIV in an urban city in northeast United States. The
8-session intervention, based on the cognitive theory of
stress and coping and the framework of spiritual coping,
addressed stressors unique to HIV disease. Changes in
spiritual coping and mental health were evaluated using a
within group pretest-posttest design. Results revealed that,
at post-intervention, participants reported higher
self-rated religiosity, more use of positive spiritual
coping, lower use of negative spiritual coping, and lower
depression. Studies using a randomized, controlled design
with larger samples of individuals with HIV are needed to
determine the efficacy of a spiritual intervention when
compared to a secular one. © 2005 Taylor & Francis Group
Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1080/13694670500138908},
Key = {fds253994}
}
@article{fds287960,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Anderson, ES and Kelly, JA and Winett, RA and Gore-Felton, C and Roffman, RA and Heckman, TG and Graves, K and Hoffmann, RG and Brondino, MJ},
Title = {Outcomes of a randomized, controlled community-level HIV
prevention intervention for adolescents in low-income
housing developments.},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {19},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1509-1516},
Year = {2005},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0269-9370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16135905},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:Youth are increasingly at risk for contracting
HIV infection, and community-level interventions are needed
to reduce behavioral risk. DESIGN:A randomized, controlled,
multi-site community-level intervention trial was undertaken
with adolescents living in 15 low-income housing
developments in five US cities. METHODS:Baseline (n = 1172),
short-term follow-up (n = 865), and long-term follow-up (n =
763) risk assessments were conducted among adolescents, ages
12-17, in all 15 housing developments. The developments were
randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of three
conditions: experimental community-level intervention (five
developments); "state-of-the-science" skills training
workshops (five developments); and, education-only delayed
control intervention (five developments). RESULTS:At
long-term follow-up, adolescents living in the housing
developments receiving the community-level intervention were
more likely to delay onset of first intercourse (85%) than
those in the control developments (76%), while those in the
workshop developments (78%) did not differ from control
condition adolescents. Adolescents in both the
community-level intervention (77%) and workshop (76%)
developments were more likely to use a condom at last
intercourse than those in control (62%) developments.
CONCLUSIONS:Community-level interventions that include
skills training and engage adolescents in neighborhood-based
HIV prevention activities can produce and maintain
reductions in sexual risk behavior, including delaying
sexual debut and increasing condom use.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.aids.0000183128.39701.34},
Key = {fds287960}
}
@article{fds254075,
Author = {Johnson-Masotti, AP and Pinkerton, SD and Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Wagstaff, DA},
Title = {Cost-effectiveness of a community-level HIV risk reduction
intervention for women living in low-income housing
developments.},
Journal = {The Journal of Primary Prevention},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {345-362},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-095X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15995803},
Keywords = {Adult • Community Health Planning* • Community
Health Services • Cost of Illness • Cost-Benefit
Analysis • Female • Focus Groups • HIV
Infections • Humans • Models, Econometric •
Poverty* • Primary Prevention • Program Evaluation
• Prospective Studies • Public Housing* •
Quality-Adjusted Life Years* • Risk Assessment •
Risk Reduction Behavior* • United States • Urban
Health • Women's Health Services • economics
• economics* • epidemiology • prevention &
control*},
Abstract = {We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of a multi-site
community-level HIV prevention trial that enrolled women
living in 18 low-income housing developments in 5 U.S.
cities. A mathematical model of HIV transmission was used to
estimate the number of HIV infections averted and
quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) saved by the
community-level intervention, based on data obtained from
community-wide sexual behavior surveys at baseline and
12-month follow-up. Results indicated that the intervention
prevented approximately 1 infection per 3500 women reached
by the intervention, at a total cost of 174,845 dollars. The
cost per QALY saved by the intervention was 37,433 dollars
and the cost per HIV infection averted was 732,072 dollars.
The community-level intervention was moderately
cost-effective in comparison with other HIV prevention
programs for at-risk women. Synergistic approaches to HIV
prevention that combine community-level sexual norm change
interventions with more intensive risk reduction programs
for high-risk women are needed. EDITORS' STRATEGIC
IMPLICATIONS: The authors present a promising and efficient
community-level HIV prevention approach, with effects beyond
the limited scope of individual or small group
interventions. This paper represents an example of how an
analysis of cost-effectiveness can provide policymakers with
information needed for difficult decisions about prevention
resource allocations.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s10935-005-5392-2},
Key = {fds254075}
}
@article{fds253993,
Author = {Tarakeshwar, N and Hansen, N and Kochman, A and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Gender, ethnicity and spiritual coping among bereaved
HIV-positive individuals},
Journal = {Mental Health, Religion & Culture},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {109-125},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1367467042000240383},
Abstract = {We examined the influence of gender and ethnicity on coping
strategies of 252 bereaved, HIV-positive individuals (65.1%
male; 71% ethnic minorities [African-American and
Hispanic]). Factor analyses of the Ways of Coping
Questionnaire and Coping with Illness Scale yielded five
coping subscales: Active, Avoidant, Social Support,
Self-destructive, and Spiritual. Multivariate analyses of
covariance revealed significant gender and ethnic group
effects on spiritual coping, after controlling for social
support, education, and sexual orientation. Of all
subscales, only spiritual coping was not influenced by
perceived social support. Women and ethnic minorities
reported greater use of spiritual coping while White men
reported the least use of spiritual coping. White women
reported significantly greater use of avoidant coping than
White men. Further, the relationship between spiritual
coping and grief varied across gender and ethnicity. These
results highlight the influence of gender and ethnicity in
the use of spiritual coping and the importance of
integrating spirituality in psychosocial interventions. ©
2005 Taylor & Francis Ltd.},
Doi = {10.1080/1367467042000240383},
Key = {fds253993}
}
@article{fds254085,
Author = {Meade, CS and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV risk behavior among adults with severe mental illness: a
systematic review.},
Journal = {Clinical Psychology Review},
Volume = {25},
Number = {4},
Pages = {433-457},
Year = {2005},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0272-7358},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15914265},
Keywords = {Adult • HIV Infections • Humans • Mental
Disorders • Risk-Taking* • Severity of Illness
Index • Sexual Behavior • Substance Abuse,
Intravenous • epidemiology • epidemiology* •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {Adults with severe mental illness (SMI) have been
disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This
systematic review of the empirical literature on SMI
documents the prevalence and correlates of HIV risk
behaviors, discusses clinical implications for HIV
prevention, and recommends directions for future research.
Prevalence rates of HIV risk behaviors were estimated using
weighted means, and findings on correlates were synthesized.
Across reviewed studies (N=52), the majority of adults with
SMI were sexually active, and many engaged in risk behaviors
associated with HIV transmission (e.g., unprotected
intercourse, multiple partners, injection drug use). HIV
risk behaviors were correlated with factors from the
following domains: psychiatric illness, substance use,
childhood abuse, cognitive-behavioral factors, and social
relationships. A proposed model illustrates the multiple
pathways linking these domains to HIV risk behavior. Further
research using improved methodologies (e.g., longitudinal
designs, standardized measures, multivariate analyses) is
needed to examine the broader social context in which HIV
risk behavior occurs and identify underlying processes. HIV
prevention efforts targeting adults with SMI must occur on
multiple levels (e.g., individual, group, community,
structural/policy), address several domains of influence
(e.g., psychiatric illness, trauma history, social
relationships), and be integrated into existing services
(e.g., psychotherapy, substance abuse treatment, housing
programs).},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cpr.2005.02.001},
Key = {fds254085}
}
@article{fds253991,
Author = {Rogers, ME and Hansen, NB and Levy, BR and Tate, DC and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Optimism and coping with loss in bereaved HIV-infected men
and women},
Journal = {Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {24},
Number = {3},
Pages = {341-360},
Publisher = {Guilford Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0736-7236},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.24.3.341.65619},
Abstract = {Bereavement due to AIDS-related loss is a severe Stressor,
particularly for those who are themselves HIV-infected.
Previous research investigating coping with loss has
overlooked the effects of positive psychological states,
such as optimism or hopefulness, and has focused instead
upon negative coping outcomes, particularly psychological
distress. Using an ethnically diverse cohort of 172 men and
92 women suffering from the combined Stressors of HIV
infection and loss of loved ones to HIV/AIDS, we tested the
hypotheses that active coping strategies are predictive of
optimism and high levels of hope, and that avoidant coping
strategies are predictive of pessimism and hopelessness.
Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that
active coping was positively associated with optimism and
negatively associated with hopelessness, and avoidant coping
was negatively associated with optimism and positively
associated with hopelessness. Regression analyses also
showed that both depression and social support were
significant predictors in the final models. Implications for
improving the targeting and tailoring of interventions
designed to improve coping and to reduce distress following
bereavement are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1521/jscp.24.3.341.65619},
Key = {fds253991}
}
@article{fds253992,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV prevention among women in low-income housing
developments: Issues and intervention outcomes in a
place-based randomized controlled trial},
Journal = {The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science},
Volume = {599},
Number = {1},
Pages = {52-70},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-7162},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716205274516},
Abstract = {The scope and urgency of the HIV epidemic requires the
development and evaluation of community-level behavior
change intervention strategies. A randomized, multisite
community-level HIV prevention trial was undertaken with
women living in eighteen low-income housing developments in
five U.S. cities. In the nine experimental condition
developments, an intervention was undertaken that included
identifying opinion leaders to attend risk reduction
workshops and to form Women's Health Councils to carry out
community events to reach all residents and support risk
reduction efforts. Baseline and twelve-month follow-up risk
characteristics were assessed by surveying 690 women at both
time points. In comparison to women in the control condition
developments, women in the community intervention
developments reported significant reductions in frequency of
any unprotected intercourse and increases in the percentage
of condom-protected inter-course occasions. Community-level
interventions that engage women in neighborhood-based HIV
prevention activities can bring about reductions in HIV
risk-related sexual behavior.},
Doi = {10.1177/0002716205274516},
Key = {fds253992}
}
@article{fds254018,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Meade, CS and Kochman, A and Lee,
RS},
Title = {Improvements in health-related quality of life following a
group intervention for coping with AIDS-bereavement among
HIV-infected men and women.},
Journal = {Quality of Life Research},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {991-1005},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0962-9343},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16041896},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Bereavement*
• Disease Progression • Female • HIV
Seropositivity • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Psychotherapy • Quality of Life • Self-Help
Groups* • Sickness Impact Profile* • Treatment
Outcome • United States • mortality •
physiopathology* • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: AIDS-related bereavement is a severe life
stressor that may be particularly distressing to persons
themselves infected with HIV. Increasing evidence suggests
that psychological health is associated with disease
progression, HIV-related symptoms, and mortality. PURPOSE:
This study assessed change in health-related quality of life
among HIV + persons following a group intervention for
coping with AIDS-related loss. METHODS: The sample included
235 HIV + men and women of diverse ethnicities and sexual
orientations who had experienced an AIDS-related loss within
the previous 2 years. Participants were randomly assigned to
a 12-week cognitive-behavioral bereavement coping group
intervention or offered individual psychotherapy upon
request. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and 2
weeks after the intervention. RESULTS: Participants in the
group intervention demonstrated improvements in general
health-related and HIV-specific quality of life, while those
in the comparison remained the same or deteriorated. Effect
sizes indicated that the majority of change occurred in
women. CONCLUSION: This bereavement group aimed at improving
coping with grief also had a positive impact on
health-related quality of life among HIV + men and women,
and suggests that cognitive-behavioral interventions may
have a broad impact on both emotional and physical
health.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/s11136-004-2959-0},
Key = {fds254018}
}
@article{fds254086,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Tarakeshwar, N and Kochman, A and Tate,
DC and Lee, RS},
Title = {The clinical significance of change in trauma-related
symptoms following a pilot group intervention for coping
with HIV-AIDS and childhood sexual trauma.},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {277-291},
Year = {2004},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15475675},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adolescent • Adult • Child
• Child Abuse, Sexual • Comorbidity •
Connecticut • Crime Victims • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • HIV Infections • Health
Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • New York City • Personality
Inventory • Pilot Projects • Psychotherapy, Group*
• Rape • Spouse Abuse • Stress Disorders,
Post-Traumatic • Treatment Outcome • Urban
Population* • Violence • diagnosis •
prevention & control • psychology • psychology*
• therapy*},
Abstract = {The association between sexual abuse and HIV risk is well
documented, yet little empirical data exists on treatment
approaches integrating the psychological impact of sexual
abuse and HIV disease. This study examined the clinical
significance of change on sexual-trauma-related stress
following a coping group intervention study among 28 women
and men with HIV-AIDS and a history of childhood sexual
abuse. More than 75% of participants showed improvement on 1
or more subscales of the Trauma Symptom Inventory, with the
majority of improvements within domains related to trauma
symptoms and behavioral difficulties. Most observed gains
were modest, but are considered meaningful in the context of
stressors encountered by this disenfranchised sample, which
was diverse with respect to race, sexual orientation, and
psychiatric comorbidity. These preliminary findings support
the need for the conduct of research trials to identify
mental health and secondary prevention intervention models
that can assist those with HIV-AIDS who have experienced
childhood sexual abuse.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1023/b:aibe.0000044075.12845.75},
Key = {fds254086}
}
@article{fds254082,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Brondino, MJ and Anderson, ES and Gore-Felton, C and Kelly, JA and Winett, RA and Heckman, TG and Roffman,
RA},
Title = {HIV risk behavior among ethnically diverse adolescents
living in low-income housing developments.},
Journal = {Journal of Adolescent Health},
Volume = {35},
Number = {2},
Pages = {141-150},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1054-139X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15261643},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Child • Female • HIV Infections
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans
• Logistic Models • Male • Poverty* •
Public Housing* • Questionnaires • Risk Factors
• Risk-Taking* • Sexual Behavior* • United
States • Urban Health • ethnology • etiology*
• prevention & control},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To describe patterns and predictors of HIV risk
behaviors among ethnically diverse, low-income adolescents.
METHODS: Computer-assisted surveys were administered to 1172
adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 years living in 15
low-income housing developments in three urban areas in the
United States to characterize and identify predictors of HIV
risk behavior. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic
regression to identify variables predictive of "no risk,"
"lower risk," and "higher risk" group classification.
RESULTS: Most adolescents were not yet sexually active;
nonetheless, a subset of youth reported high rates of HIV
risk-related behaviors. HIV risk was highest among
adolescents who were older, had weaker intentions to reduce
risk, stronger beliefs that their sexual partners did not
favor risk-reduction, lower risk-reduction behavioral
skills, higher risk-reduction outcome expectation, and
higher rates of substance use. CONCLUSIONS: HIV prevention
efforts are needed that are tailored to ethnically diverse
communities of adolescents, including those in early
adolescence and those at highest risk.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.09.008},
Key = {fds254082}
}
@article{fds254087,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Hansen, NB and Kochman, A and Tate, DC and Difranceisco,
W},
Title = {Outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a group
intervention for HIV positive men and women coping with
AIDS-related loss and bereavement.},
Journal = {Death Studies},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {187-209},
Year = {2004},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0748-1187},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15053030},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Bereavement* • Female
• HIV Infections • Humans • Male •
Psychotherapy, Group* • Sex Factors • Stress,
Psychological • Treatment Outcome • United States
• psychology*},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a
group coping intervention for HIV-positive men and women who
have lost a loved one(s) to AIDS in the past 2 years. Two
hundred thirty-five participants, diverse with respect to
race/ethnicity and sexual orientation, were randomly
assigned to a 12-week cognitive-behavioral group
intervention or to an individual therapy on request
comparison condition. Measures assessing grief and
psychiatric distress were administered at baseline and 2
weeks post-intervention period. Although a strong gender
effect was observed in outcome, both men and women
participating in the group intervention demonstrated
significantly more reduction in psychiatric distress than
controls. Further, women in the group intervention
demonstrated significant reductions in grief and depressive
symptoms over men in both conditions and women in the
comparison condition. Brief cognitive-behavioral group
interventions for coping with grief have a positive impact
on the psychiatric functioning of HIV-positive participants.
This appears to be especially true for HIV-positive women; a
group not previously focused on in clinical research related
to AIDS bereavement.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/07481180490276544},
Key = {fds254087}
}
@article{fds90846,
Author = {TG Heckman and ES Anderson and KJ Sikkema and A Kochman and SC
Kalichman, T Anderson},
Title = {Emotional distress in nonmetropolitan persons living with
HIV disease enrolled in a telephone-delivered, coping
improvement group intervention.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {94-100},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.23.1.94},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Depressive
Disorder, Major • Female • HIV Seropositivity
• Hotlines* • Humans • Male • Patient
Acceptance of Health Care • Severity of Illness Index
• Social Support* • Stereotyping • diagnosis
• epidemiology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {The study delineated depressive symptoms and modeled
emotional distress in persons living with HIV disease in
nonmetropolitan areas of 13 U.S. states. Participants
(N=329) were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a
telephone-delivered, coping improvement group intervention,
and 60% reported moderate or severe levels of depressive
symptomatology on the Beck Depression Inventory. Structural
equation modeling indicated that participants who
experienced more severe HIV symptomatology, received less
social support, and engaged in more avoidant coping also
experienced more emotional distress (a latent construct
comprising depressive symptoms and emotional well-being).
Greater HIV-related stigma and rejection by family led to
more emotional distress, with social support and avoidant
coping mediating almost entirely the effects of the former 2
variables. The model accounted for 72% of the variance in
emotional distress in nonmetropolitan persons living with
HIV disease.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.23.1.94},
Key = {fds90846}
}
@article{fds254091,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Anderson, ES and Sikkema, KJ and Kochman, A and Kalichman, SC and Anderson, T},
Title = {Emotional distress in nonmetropolitan persons living with
HIV disease enrolled in a telephone-delivered, coping
improvement group intervention.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {94-100},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14756608},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Bereavement* •
Depression • Female • HIV Infections • HIV
Seropositivity • Health Status* • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • New York • Psychiatric
Status Rating Scales • Regression Analysis •
Social Support • Stress, Psychological • Wisconsin
• etiology* • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {The study delineated depressive symptoms and modeled
emotional distress in persons living with HIV disease in
nonmetropolitan areas of 13 U.S. states. Participants
(N=329) were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a
telephone-delivered, coping improvement group intervention,
and 60% reported moderate or severe levels of depressive
symptomatology on the Beck Depression Inventory. Structural
equation modeling indicated that participants who
experienced more severe HIV symptomatology, received less
social support, and engaged in more avoidant coping also
experienced more emotional distress (a latent construct
comprising depressive symptoms and emotional well-being).
Greater HIV-related stigma and rejection by family led to
more emotional distress, with social support and avoidant
coping mediating almost entirely the effects of the former 2
variables. The model accounted for 72% of the variance in
emotional distress in nonmetropolitan persons living with
HIV disease.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.23.1.94},
Key = {fds254091}
}
@article{fds253893,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV prevention among young adults},
Booktitle = {Applied Developmental Science: An Encyclopedia of Research,
Policies, and Programs},
Publisher = {Sage},
Editor = {Fisher, C and Lerner, R},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds253893}
}
@article{fds253894,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kailchman, SC},
Title = {HIV/AIDS},
Pages = {167-182},
Booktitle = {Clinical Handbook of Health Psychology: A Practical Guide to
Effective Interventions},
Publisher = {Hogrefe & Huber Publishers},
Editor = {Camic, P and Knight, S},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds253894}
}
@article{fds253895,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Heckman, TG and Kochman, A},
Title = {Depressive symptoms in older adults living with HIV
disease},
Pages = {37-54},
Booktitle = {HIV/AIDS and Older Adults: Challenges for Individuals,
Families, and Communities},
Publisher = {Springer Publishing Co},
Editor = {Emlet, C},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds253895}
}
@article{fds287959,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kochman, A and DiFranceisco, W and Kelly, JA and Hoffmann, RG},
Title = {AIDS-related grief and coping with loss among HIV-positive
men and women.},
Journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {165-181},
Year = {2003},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0160-7715},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12776385},
Abstract = {AIDS-related grief was examined and its association with
coping among HIV-positive men and women explored.
AIDS-related grief, psychological distress and coping were
examined among a sample of 268 HIV-infected individuals,
diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, and sexual
orientation. Participants exhibited elevated scores on
measures of grief reaction and psychological distress
including depressive symptoms, anxiety, and traumatic stress
related to their losses. Hierarchical regression analyses
revealed that severity of grief reaction was associated with
escape-avoidance and self-controlling coping strategies,
type of loss, depressive symptoms, and history of injection
drug use. Interventions are needed to enhance coping and
reduce psychological distress associated with the unique
bereavement experienced by people living with HIV- and
AIDS-related grief.},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1023086723137},
Key = {fds287959}
}
@article{fds253988,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Depressive symptoms in older adults living with HIV disease:
Application of the chronic illness quality of life
model},
Journal = {Journal of Mental Health and Aging},
Volume = {8},
Number = {4},
Pages = {267-279},
Year = {2002},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {The current study delineated rates and predictors of
depressive symptomatology in 83 persons 50 years of age and
older living with HIV/AIDS in two large US cities. The
Chronic Illness Quality of Life Model (CIQOL), which posits
that emotional distress in HIV-infected persons is a
function of AIDS-related stigma, barriers to health care and
social services, physical well-being, social support, and
engagement coping, served as the investigation's conceptual
foundation. Approximately 25% of HIV-infected older adults
reported elevated levels of depressive symptoms. Depressive
symptomatology was most strongly related to poor physical
well-being and less social support. The CIQOL Model
accounted for 41% of the variance in depressive symptoms in
this group. As improved clinical care enables HIV-infected
persons to live longer, mental health interventions that are
sensitive to the complex dynamics of HIV/AIDS and aging are
urgently needed.},
Key = {fds253988}
}
@article{fds254080,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and DiFonzo, K and Luke, W and Austin,
J},
Title = {Emotional adjustment in survivors of sexual assault living
with HIV-AIDS.},
Journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress},
Volume = {15},
Number = {4},
Pages = {289-296},
Year = {2002},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0894-9867},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12224800},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Analysis of
Variance • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Male • Mental Disorders • Multivariate
Analysis • Rape • Risk-Taking • Sexual
Behavior • Substance-Related Disorders • United
States • epidemiology • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {This study examined history of sexual assault in 357 men and
women living with HIV-AIDS. Participants completed measures
of demographic characteristics, sexual assault history,
emotional distress and psychiatric symptoms, substance use,
and sexual behaviors. Results showed that 68% of women and
35% of men living with HIV-AIDS reported a history of sexual
assault since age 15. History of sexual assault was related
to history of substance use and mental health treatment.
Sexual assault survivors reported greater anxiety,
depression, and symptoms of borderline personality and were
significantly more likely to report recent unprotected
intercourse than persons who had not been sexually
assaulted. Results suggest tailoring secondary prevention
interventions to meet the needs of HIV-positive survivors of
sexual assault.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1016247727498},
Key = {fds254080}
}
@article{fds254078,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Heckman, BD and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ and Suhr, J and Goodkin, K},
Title = {Psychological symptoms among persons 50 years of age and
older living with HIV disease.},
Journal = {Aging & Mental Health},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {121-128},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1360-7863},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12028880},
Keywords = {Aged • Female • HIV Infections • Health
Services Accessibility • Health Surveys • Humans
• Male • Mental Disorders • Mental Health*
• Middle Aged • Prejudice • Psychiatric
Status Rating Scales • Quality of Life • Social
Support • Stress, Psychological • complications*
• etiology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {Although persons 50 years of age and older account for 10%
of all US AIDS cases, the mental health needs of this
growing group remain largely overlooked. The current study
delineated patterns and predictors of psychological symptoms
amongst late middle-aged and older adults living with
HIV/AIDS in two large US cities. In late 1998, 83
HIV-infected individuals 50-plus years of age (M = 55.2,
Range = 50-69) completed self-report surveys eliciting data
on psychological symptomatology, HIV-related life-stressor
burden, social support, barriers to health care and social
services, and sociodemographic characteristics. Based on the
Beck Depression Inventory, 25% of participants reported
'moderate' or 'severe' levels of depression. HIV-infected
older adults also evidenced an elevated number of symptoms
characteristic of somatization. A hierarchical multiple
regression analysis revealed that HIV-infected older adults
who endorsed more psychological symptoms also reported more
HIV-related life-stressor burden, less support from friends,
and reduced access to health care and social services due to
AIDS-related stigma. As the impact of HIV on older
communities continues to increase, geropractitioners must be
prepared to provide care to greater numbers of HIV-infected
older adults, a substantial minority of whom will present
with complex comorbid physical and mental health
conditions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/13607860220126709a},
Key = {fds254078}
}
@article{fds253907,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH multisite), KJ},
Title = {Childhood sexual abuse and risk behaving among men at high
risk for HIV infection},
Journal = {Am J Public Health},
Volume = {92},
Number = {2},
Pages = {214-219},
Publisher = {American Public Health Association},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {1541-0048},
Key = {fds253907}
}
@article{fds253989,
Author = {Lee, RS and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Internalized stigma among people living with
HIV-AIDS},
Journal = {AIDS and Behavior},
Volume = {6},
Number = {4},
Pages = {309-319},
Year = {2002},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021144511957},
Abstract = {HIV is recognized as a highly stigmatized disease; however,
there has been a lack of research on the internalization of
this stigma by seropositive people. This study examined
internalized stigma among HIV-positive men and women (N =
268) in Milwaukee and Madison, Wisconsin, and New York City.
The majority of the sample experienced internalized stigma
related to their HIV status. Individuals who experienced
high internalized HIV stigma (IHS) had been diagnosed with
HIV more recently, their families were less accepting of
their illness, they were less likely to ever have attended
an HIV support group, and they knew fewer people with HIV.
Individuals with high IHS also worried more about spreading
their infection to others. Heterosexuals and participants
from Wisconsin experienced higher levels of IHS.
Hierarchical regression analyses showed that IHS contributed
significantly to levels of depression, anxiety, and
hopelessness after controlling for the effects of key
behavioral and psychosocial variables.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1021144511957},
Key = {fds253989}
}
@article{fds253910,
Author = {Murphy, DA and Stein, JA and Schlenger, W and Maibach, E and National
Institute of Mental Health Multisite HIV Prevention Trial
Group and National Institutes of Health},
Title = {Conceptualizing the multidimensional nature of
self-efficacy: assessment of situational context and level
of behavioral challenge to maintain safer sex. National
Institute of Mental Health Multisite HIV Prevention Trial
Group.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {20},
Number = {4},
Pages = {281-290},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association},
Year = {2001},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1930-7810},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.20.4.281},
Abstract = {A. Bandura (1991) argued that self-efficacy measurement
should be specific both to the situation in which the
behavior occurs and level of challenge in that situation.
Measures consistent with the 2 dimensions were developed
with graded challenge levels and differing
gender-appropriate situations. Participants were 1,496
controls in the National Institute of Mental Health
Multisite HIV Prevention Trial recruited from STD clinics
and health service centers (925 women and 571 men). The
authors tested 4 separate-sex confirmatory factor analysis
models as follows: (a) Condom negotiation efficacy as a
unitary construct across situations and gradation of
difficulty; (b) situation as preeminent, which transfers
across skills whatever the gradation of difficulty; (c)
skill as predominant, irrespective of situation; and (d) a
multidimensional design that simultaneously accounts for
both situation and graded difficulty. Consistent with
Bandura's theory, the multidimensional model provided the
best fit for both samples.},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.20.4.281},
Key = {fds253910}
}
@article{fds90841,
Author = {TG Heckman and A Kochman and KJ Sikkema and SC Kalichman and J Masten and J
Bergholte, S Catz},
Title = {A pilot coping improvement intervention for late middle-aged
and older adults living with HIV/AIDS in the
USA.},
Journal = {AIDS care},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-39},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120020018233},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Female • Humans • Male
• Mental Health Services • Middle Aged •
Pilot Projects • United States • organization &
administration • psychology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {As AIDS becomes more prevalent among late middle-aged and
older adults, mental health support services that facilitate
the coping and adjustment efforts of this group are
increasingly needed. The current article: (1) outlines a
coping improvement group intervention for HIV-infected older
adults; and (2) examines the efficacy of the intervention
utilizing a small sample (N = 16) of older adults living
with HIV/AIDS in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and New York City. The
intervention focused on enabling HIV-infected older adults
to accurately appraise sources of stress, develop adaptive
coping responses and access social support resources to
facilitate coping efforts. An evaluation of this pilot
intervention, conducted using a pretest-posttest, no control
group design, revealed that the intervention increased
participants' perceptions of social support, produced higher
perceptions of social wellbeing and enabled participants to
engage in more planful problem solving, confrontive coping
and future optimism. Intervention participants also
experienced less stressor burden associated with
AIDS-related loss and health concerns. While the current
intervention showed potential to facilitate the adjustment
efforts of HIV-infected older adults, randomized clinical
trials of this intervention with larger samples are needed
before its appropriateness for this population can be
determined.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120020018233},
Key = {fds90841}
}
@article{fds254093,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Masten,
J and Bergholte, J and Catz, S},
Title = {A pilot coping improvement intervention for late middle-aged
and older adults living with HIV/AIDS in the
USA.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {129-139},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11177470},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Analysis of
Variance • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis
• Personal Satisfaction* • Quality of Life* •
Regression Analysis • Social Support • Wisconsin
• nursing • psychology*},
Abstract = {As AIDS becomes more prevalent among late middle-aged and
older adults, mental health support services that facilitate
the coping and adjustment efforts of this group are
increasingly needed. The current article: (1) outlines a
coping improvement group intervention for HIV-infected older
adults; and (2) examines the efficacy of the intervention
utilizing a small sample (N = 16) of older adults living
with HIV/AIDS in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and New York City. The
intervention focused on enabling HIV-infected older adults
to accurately appraise sources of stress, develop adaptive
coping responses and access social support resources to
facilitate coping efforts. An evaluation of this pilot
intervention, conducted using a pretest-posttest, no control
group design, revealed that the intervention increased
participants' perceptions of social support, produced higher
perceptions of social wellbeing and enabled participants to
engage in more planful problem solving, confrontive coping
and future optimism. Intervention participants also
experienced less stressor burden associated with
AIDS-related loss and health concerns. While the current
intervention showed potential to facilitate the adjustment
efforts of HIV-infected older adults, randomized clinical
trials of this intervention with larger samples are needed
before its appropriateness for this population can be
determined.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120020018233},
Key = {fds254093}
}
@article{fds253897,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Somlai, AM},
Title = {Community involvement in HIV-AIDS prevention},
Pages = {159-175},
Booktitle = {Integrating Behavioral and Social Sciences in Public
Health},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association},
Editor = {Schneiderman, N and Speers, M and Silva, J and Tomes, H and Gentry,
J},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds253897}
}
@article{fds253908,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {A test of factors mediating the relationship between
unwanted sexual activity during childhood and risky sexual
practices among women enrolled in the NIMH Multisite HIV
prevention trial},
Journal = {Women and Health},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {163-180},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds253908}
}
@article{fds253909,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Social-cognitive theory mediators of behavior change in the
National Institute of Mental Health Multisite HIV Prevention
Trial},
Journal = {Health Psychology},
Volume = {20},
Pages = {369-376},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {1930-7810},
Key = {fds253909}
}
@article{fds254076,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Hoffmann, R and Koob, JJ and Kelly,
JA and Heckman, TG},
Title = {Coping strategies and emotional wellbeing among HIV-infected
men and women experiencing AIDS-related bereavement.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {12},
Number = {5},
Pages = {613-624},
Year = {2000},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11218547},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Bereavement* •
Depression • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Prevalence •
Regression Analysis • Social Support • Stress,
Psychological • Wisconsin • epidemiology •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {AIDS influences the psychological coping not only of the
person with the disease but also those close to that
individual. Following a death from AIDS, family members and
friends may experience atypical bereavement. Bereavement
coping challenges can be especially difficult and pronounced
for persons who are themselves HIV-positive. The prevalence
of AIDS-related bereavement and psychosocial predictors of
grief severity were examined in an ethnically diverse sample
of 199 HIV-infected men and women. Eighty per cent of
HIV-positive respondents had experienced the loss of someone
close to AIDS, the majority of whom had sustained multiple
and repetitive losses. Two-thirds of the participants who
had experienced an AIDS-related loss reported grief symptoms
in the past month. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed
that grief was most closely associated with emotional
suppression and avoiding coping strategies, with residual
variance related to depression. Interventions for
AIDS-related bereavement that reduce distress and
maladaptive ways of coping are needed in order to meet the
secondary prevention needs of bereaved people living with
HIV/AIDS.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/095401200750003798},
Key = {fds254076}
}
@article{fds253987,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Masten,
J and Goodkin, K},
Title = {Late middle-aged and older men living with HIV/AIDS: race
differences in coping, social support, and psychological
distress.},
Journal = {Journal of the National Medical Association},
Volume = {92},
Number = {9},
Pages = {436-444},
Year = {2000},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1943-4693},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052457},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological* • African Americans • African
Continental Ancestry Group* • Aged • Data
Collection • European Continental Ancestry Group*
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• New York City • Social Support* • Stress,
Psychological* • Wisconsin • epidemiology •
ethnology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {Although AIDS mental health research has recently devoted
more attention to the psychosocial needs of older adults
living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease,
studies of this population have typically combined older
African-American and white participants into one large
sample, thereby neglecting potential race differences. The
current study examined race differences in stressor burden,
ways of coping, social support, and psychological distress
among late middle-aged and older men living with HIV/AIDS.
Self-administered surveys were completed by 72 men living
with HIV/AIDS in New York City and Milwaukee, WI (mean age =
53.4 years). Older African-American and white men
experienced comparable levels of stress associated with
AIDS-related discrimination, AIDS-related bereavement,
financial dilemmas, lack of information and support,
relationship difficulties, and domestic problems. However,
in responses to these stressors, older African-American men
more frequently engaged in adaptive coping strategies, such
as greater positive reappraisal and a stronger resolve that
their future would be better. Compared to their
African-American counterparts, HIV-infected older white men
reported elevated levels of depression, anxiety,
interpersonal hostility, and somatization. African-American
men also received more support from family members and were
less likely to disclose their HIV serostatus to close
friends. As AIDS becomes more common among older adults,
mental health-interventions will increasingly be needed for
this group. The development of intervention programs for
this group should pay close attention to race-related
differences in sociodemographic, psychosocial, and
behavioral characteristics.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120020018233},
Key = {fds253987}
}
@article{fds254098,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Heckman, T and Kochman, A and Sikkema, K and Bergholte, J},
Title = {Depression and thoughts of suicide among middle-aged and
older persons living with HIV-AIDS.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {51},
Number = {7},
Pages = {903-907},
Year = {2000},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.51.7.903},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Aged • Depressive Disorder •
Female • HIV Infections • Health Services Needs
and Demand • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Multivariate Analysis • New York City •
Prevalence • Quality of Life • Social Support
• Suicide • Wisconsin • epidemiology •
prevention & control* • psychology* •
virology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence and
characteristics of suicidal ideation among middle-aged and
older persons who have HIV infection or AIDS. METHODS: A
total of 113 subjects older than age 45 who had HIV-AIDS
were recruited from AIDS service organizations in Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, and New York City. Participants completed
confidential questionnaires covering suicidal ideation,
emotional distress, quality of life, coping, and social
support. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of respondents
reported having thought about taking their own life in the
previous week. Those who had thought about suicide reported
greater levels of emotional distress and poorer
health-related quality of life than those who had not
considered suicide. They were also significantly more likely
to use escape and avoidance strategies for coping with HIV
infection and less likely to use positive-reappraisal
coping. Those who had thought about suicide also were more
likely to have disclosed their HIV status to the people
close to them, and yet they perceived receiving
significantly less social support from friends and family.
With the exceptions of physical functioning and coping
strategies, differences between those who had contemplated
suicide and those who had not remained unchanged after
controlling for symptoms of depression. CONCLUSIONS: Persons
who are in midlife and older and are living with HIV-AIDS
experience significant emotional distress and thoughts of
suicide, suggesting a need for targeted interventions to
improve mental health and prevent suicide.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1176/appi.ps.51.7.903},
Key = {fds254098}
}
@article{fds253985,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Koslov, AP and Shaboltas, A and Granskaya, J},
Title = {The emerging AIDS crisis in Russia: review of enabling
factors and prevention needs.},
Journal = {International Journal of Std & Aids},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {71-75},
Year = {2000},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0956-4624},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10678472},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--prevention and control*
• Biology • Developed Countries • Diseases
• Eastern Europe* • Economic Factors* •
Epidemics--prevention and control* • Europe • Hiv
Infections--prevention and control* • Infections •
Literature Review* • New Independent States •
Reproductive Tract Infections • Risk Factors* •
Russia • Sexually Transmitted Diseases--prevention and
control* • Viral Diseases},
Abstract = {Eastern Europe is experiencing increased rates of HIV/AIDS,
and the Russian Federation is among the countries with the
most alarming case rate increases. Behavioural and
biological studies demonstrate that the transmission of HIV
in Russia is occurring as a result of injection drug use,
homosexual, and heterosexual risk behaviours. Factors that
promote risk and therefore enable HIV transmission in Russia
parallel those found in other countries, including epidemics
of other sexually transmitted infections, economic
instability, poverty, and social factors such as gender
roles. Research is urgently needed to better understand and
forecast the HIV epidemic in Russia, as well as to develop
effective interventions to prevent a Russian AIDS
crisis.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/095646240001100201},
Key = {fds253985}
}
@article{fds253986,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Winett, RA and Solomon, LJ and Cargill,
VA and Roffman, RA and McAuliffe, TL and Heckman, TG and Anderson, EA and Wagstaff, DA and Norman, AD and Perry, MJ and Crumble, DA and Mercer,
MB},
Title = {Outcomes of a randomized community-level HIV prevention
intervention for women living in 18 low-income housing
developments.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {90},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-63},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10630138},
Keywords = {Adult • Condoms • Female • HIV Infections
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans
• Likelihood Functions • Linear Models •
Outcome Assessment (Health Care) • Poverty* •
Public Housing* • Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior
• Sexual Partners • United States • Women's
Health Services* • prevention & control* •
utilization},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:Women in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods
are at high risk for contracting HIV. A randomized,
multisite community-level HIV prevention trial was
undertaken with women living in 18 low-income housing
developments in 5 US cities. METHODS:Baseline and 12-month
follow-up population risk characteristics were assessed by
surveying 690 women at both time points. In the 9
intervention condition housing developments, a
community-level intervention was undertaken that included
HIV risk reduction workshops and community HIV prevention
events implemented by women who were popular opinion leaders
among their peers. RESULTS:The proportion of women in the
intervention developments who had any unprotected
intercourse in the past 2 months declined from 50% to 37.6%,
and the percentage of women's acts of intercourse protected
by condoms increased from 30.2% to 47.2%. Among women
exposed to intervention activities, the mean frequency of
unprotected acts of intercourse in the past 2 months tended
to be lower at follow-up (mean = 4.0) than at baseline (mean
= 6.0). These changes were corroborated by changes in other
risk indicators. CONCLUSIONS:Community-level interventions
that involve and engage women in neighborhood-based HIV
prevention activities can bring about reductions in
high-risk sexual behaviors.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.90.1.57},
Key = {fds253986}
}
@article{fds253898,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Wagner, LI and Bogart, LM},
Title = {Gender and cultural factors in the prevention of HIV
infection among women},
Pages = {299-319},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Gender, Culture, and Health},
Publisher = {Lawrence Eribaum and Associates, Inc.},
Editor = {Eisler, RM and Hersen, M},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds253898}
}
@article{fds253984,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kochman, A and Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman,
SC},
Title = {Depressive symptomatology, daily stressors, and ways of
coping among middle-age and older adults living with HIV
disease},
Journal = {Journal of Mental Health and Aging},
Volume = {5},
Number = {4},
Pages = {311-322},
Year = {1999},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {New cases of HIV infection are rapidly escalating among
middle-age and older adults, and older persons with AIDS are
living longer than ever before. However, because the vast
majority of AIDS mental health research has focused on
younger persons, health science researchers know little
about stressors that affect HIV-infected older adults, their
coping efforts employed to resolve these stressors, and
whether the presence of psychological distress alters their
coping responses. The current study surveyed 113 midlife and
older adults (M age = 53.4 years) living with HIV/AIDS in
New York City and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and assessed levels
of depressive symptomatology, daily stressors, and the
relationship between coping and depression. Approximately
29% of participants reported 'moderate' or 'severe' levels
of depression as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory.
HIV-infected older adults with elevated levels of depression
experienced more stress due to poor finances, lack of
HIV-related information and support resources, and
AIDS-related stigma and discrimination. When attempting to
resolve significant stressors, depressed older persons more
often distanced themselves from the stressor, used more
escape-avoidant coping, and less frequently found something
positive in the stressful situation. As AIDS affects more
people of all ages, mental health interventions that enhance
the coping abilities of older persons with HIV/AIDS -
especially those with elevated levels of psychological
distress - are urgently needed.},
Key = {fds253984}
}
@article{fds253911,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kalichman, SC and Roffman, RR and Sikkema, KJ and Davantes Heckman and B and Somlai, AM and Walker,
J},
Title = {A telephone-delivered coping improvement intervention for
persons living with hiv/aids in rural areas},
Journal = {Social Work With Groups},
Volume = {21},
Number = {4},
Pages = {49-61},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1999},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0160-9513},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J009v21n04_05},
Abstract = {People living with HIV disease in small towns and rural
areas often experience elevated perceptions of loneliness,
lack access to mental health services, and engage in
maladaptive illness-related coping strategies. It may be
possible, however, to improve the life quality and coping
capacities of HIV-infected rural residents through
telephone-delivered, coping improvement interventions. The
current article describes a telephone-delivered, coping
improvement group intervention for HIV-infected rural
residents based on a widely accepted cognitive-behavioral
model of coping. An eight-session coping intervention is
outlined and recommendations intended to increase the
intervention’sinterventions that address the emotional and
psychological needs of HIV-infected rural residents are
increasingly needed. © 1999, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1300/J009v21n04_05},
Key = {fds253911}
}
@article{fds253899,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Holtgrave, DR},
Title = {Community outreach and education},
Pages = {1323-1328},
Booktitle = {Sexually Transmitted Diseases},
Publisher = {The McGraw-Hill Companies},
Editor = {Holmes, KK and Sparling, PF and Mardh, PA and Lemon, SM and Stamm, WE and Pilot, P and Wasserheit, JN},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds253899}
}
@article{fds253982,
Author = {McAuliffe, TL and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Murphy, DA and Winett,
RA and Solomon, LJ and Roffman, RA},
Title = {Sexual HIV risk behavior levels among young and older gay
men outside of AIDS epicenters: Findings of a 16-city
sample},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {3},
Number = {2},
Pages = {111-119},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {1090-7165},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025431822394},
Abstract = {Although AIDS rates have leveled among older gay men in
large original epicenters, HIV seroincidence remains high
among young men who have sex with men (MSM) in many areas of
the country. This research examined patterns of risk
behavior among young (age 25 years or less) and older (age
26 years and over) MSM. Nearly 2,000 men entering gay bars
in 16 small U.S. cities completed an anonymous survey of
their sexual practices in the past 2 months and of
psychosocial risk-related characteristics. Young men were
more likely than older men to have engaged in unprotected
anal intercourse and, specifically, receptive intercourse in
the past 2 months. Younger men also reported more frequent
occurrences of unprotected anal intercourse. A progressive
decline in risk behavior levels was associated with
increasing age. Young men less often personally knew someone
who had died of AIDS, and deaths were not primarily within
their close social networks. Continued HIV prevention
efforts directed toward young MSM are needed, including
cities traditionally considered as second tier with respect
to AIDS.},
Doi = {10.1023/A:1025431822394},
Key = {fds253982}
}
@article{fds253983,
Author = {DiFranceisco, W and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Somlai, AM and Murphy,
DA and Stevenson, LY},
Title = {Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV
intervention trials: a health belief approach to
understanding prevention program attrition.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {88},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1068-1073},
Year = {1998},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9663156},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Analysis of Variance •
Attitude to Health* • Bisexuality • Female •
HIV Infections • Homosexuality, Male • Humans
• Logistic Models • Male • Mental Disorders
• Patient Dropouts • Risk-Taking • Sexual
Behavior • prevention & control* • psychology
• psychology* • statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to identify factors
predicting program attrition among participants in human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction trials.
METHODS:Participants were gay/bisexual men and severely
mentally ill adults recruited to take part in HIV risk
reduction small-group interventions. Program completers were
compared with participants who were assessed at baseline but
then failed to attend any sessions. The health belief model
provided a framework for selection of possible predictors of
program attrition. RESULTS:Younger age was associated with
early dropout in both samples. Other predictors among
gay/bisexual men included involvement in an exclusive sexual
relationship, minority ethnicity, injection drug use, and
higher perceived severity of AIDS. Severely mentally ill
dropouts were less knowledgeable about safer sex methods and
more likely to hold positive outcome expectancies for condom
use. CONCLUSIONS:Evaluation of intervention effectiveness
among vulnerable population segments is threatened if there
is selective attrition. Better methods are needed to attract
and maintain participation in HIV prevention programs.
Alternatively, wider application of "intention to treat"
analysis of intervention outcomes is recommended to minimize
selection bias due to program dropout.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.88.7.1068},
Key = {fds253983}
}
@article{fds254037,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Otto-Salaj, LL and Sikkema, KJ and Pinkerton, SD and Bloom, FR},
Title = {Implications of HIV treatment advances for behavioral
research on AIDS: protease inhibitors and new challenges in
HIV secondary prevention.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {310-319},
Year = {1998},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9697940},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Anti-HIV Agents
• Drug Therapy, Combination • HIV Infections
• HIV Long-Term Survivors • HIV Protease
Inhibitors • Health Behavior* • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice • Humans • Patient Care Team
• Patient Compliance • drug therapy* •
prevention & control • psychology • psychology*
• therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {Protease inhibitor combination therapies can reduce HIV
viral load, improve immune system functioning, and decrease
mortality from AIDS. These medical developments raise a host
of critical new issues for behavioral research on HIV/AIDS.
This article reviews developments in HIV combination therapy
regimens and behavioral factors involved in these regimens
and focuses on four key behavioral research areas: (a) the
development of interventions to promote treatment adherence,
(b) psychological coping with HIV/AIDS in the context of new
treatments for the disease, (c) the possible influence of
treatment on continued risk behavior, and (d) behavioral
research in HIV prevention and care policy areas. Advances
in HIV medical care have created important new opportunities
for health psychologists to contribute to the well-being of
persons with HIV/AIDS.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.17.4.310},
Key = {fds254037}
}
@article{fds253981,
Author = {Celentano, DD and Dilorio, C and Hartwell, T and Kelly, J and Magana, R and Maibach, E and O'Leary, A and Pequegnat, W and Rotheram-Borus, MJ and Schilling, R and Amsel, J and El-Bassel, N and Ferreira-Pinto, JB and Gleghorn, A and Ivanoff, A and Barton, J and Martin, R and Miller, S and Murphy, D and Raffaelli, M and Rompalo, AM and Schlenger, W and Sikkema,
K and Somial, A and Alford, K and Allende-Ramos, C and Hackl, K and Kuklinsky, M and Lopez, E and Nava, P and Parra, M and Pranke, J and Reid,
H and Sharpe-Potter, J and Villasenor, Y and Hansen, N and LaVange, L and McFadden, D and Perritt, R et al.},
Title = {The NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial: reducing HIV sexual
risk behavior. The National Institute of Mental Health
(NIMH) Multisite HIV Prevention Trial Group.},
Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Volume = {280},
Number = {5371},
Pages = {1889-1894},
Year = {1998},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0036-8075},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5371.1889},
Abstract = {The efficacy of a behavioral intervention to reduce human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors was tested in a
randomized, controlled trial with three high-risk
populations at 37 clinics from seven sites across the United
States. Compared with the 1855 individuals in the control
condition, the 1851 participants assigned to a small-group,
seven-session HIV risk reduction program reported fewer
unprotected sexual acts, had higher levels of condom use,
and were more likely to use condoms consistently over a
12-month follow-up period. On the basis of clinical record
review, no difference in overall sexually transmitted
disease (STD) reinfection rate was found between
intervention and control condition participants. However,
among men recruited from STD clinics, those assigned to the
intervention condition had a gonorrhea incidence rate
one-half that of those in the control condition.
Intervention condition participants also reported fewer STD
symptoms over the 12-month follow-up period. Study outcomes
suggest that behavioral interventions can reduce HIV-related
sexual risk behavior among low-income women and men served
in public health settings. Studies that test strategies for
reducing sexual risk behavior over longer periods of time
are needed, especially with populations that remain most
vulnerable to HIV infection.},
Doi = {10.1126/science.280.5371.1889},
Key = {fds253981}
}
@article{fds90808,
Author = {KJ Sikkema and TG Heckman and JA Kelly},
Title = {HIV risk behaviors among inner-city African American women.
The Community Housing AIDS Prevention Study
Group.},
Journal = {Women's health (Hillsdale, N.J.)},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {349-66},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1077-2928},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120020018233},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • African Americans* •
Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Analysis of Variance
• Chi-Square Distribution • Confidence Intervals
• Cross-Sectional Studies • Female • HIV
Infections* • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
• Health Surveys • Humans • Logistic Models
• Middle Aged • Odds Ratio • Poverty •
Public Housing • Risk-Taking* • Sampling Studies
• United States • Urban Health* • Women's
Health* • epidemiology • ethnology •
psychology • statistics & numerical data •
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {This study examined the prevalence and predictors of HIV
risk behaviors among a sample of 875 low-income, African
American women residents of inner-city housing developments.
The women completed an anonymous questionnaire that revealed
that one third of them were at high risk for HIV either
because they had multiple partners or because of the
high-risk behaviors of their regular partner. HIV risk was
highest among women who accurately perceived themselves to
be at increased HIV risk, reported weak behavioral
intentions to reduce risk, and held stronger beliefs about
psychosocial barriers to condom use. Women at high risk were
also younger, reported higher rates of substance use, and
indicated that their housing development lacked social
cohesiveness. These findings suggest that HIV prevention
efforts for this population should focus on strengthening
women's risk reduction behavioral intentions and
self-efficacy through skill development, overcoming
psychosocial barriers to condom use, managing the risk
related to substance use, and incorporating approaches that
take into account the social, psychological, and
relationship barriers to change among economically
impoverished African American women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120020018233},
Key = {fds90808}
}
@article{fds253980,
Author = {DiFranceisco, W and McAuliffe, TL and Sikkema,
KJ},
Title = {Influences of survey instrument format and social
desirability on the reliability of self-reported high risk
sexual behavior},
Journal = {Aids and Behavior},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {329-337},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {This study examined instrument-related and
respondent-related self- presentation effects on the
reliability of HIV sexual risk self-reports. Sixty-five men
who have sex with men (MSM) were randomly assigned to
assessment conditions differing only on the format for
questions about their sexual behavior. For Group 1, the
instrument tested responses to items directly addressing the
issue of unsafe sex; men reported absolute frequencies of
sexual activities engaged in 'with' and 'without a condom.'
For Group 2, questions were framed more positively with
respect to condom use; participants were instructed to
report total number of intercourse occasions, and then
indicate on a scale the relative frequency (percentage) of
times 'condoms were used.' It was anticipated that Group i
participants would feel more inhibited about reporting
episodes of unprotected sex, particularly unprotected anal
intercourse (UAI). The Marlowe-Crowne scale was used to
control for general tendencies toward socially desirable
responding within the sample. Results confirmed that men in
Group 1 tended to report lower rates (percents) of UAI, and
that, among participants with higher frequencies of anal
intercourse, this difference was statistically significant.
Weighted least squares regression analysis showed that
hypothesized indicators of measurement error - assessment
group and social desirability - together accounted for more
than half of the explained variance in percent UAI. The
findings suggest that HIV prevention researchers need to
give higher priority to methodological issues involved in
the data collection process. Also, more research is needed
on the implications of socially desirable responding for the
reliability of self-reports of HIV sexual risk
behavior.},
Key = {fds253980}
}
@article{fds253900,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {HIV risk reduction for women},
Pages = {198-202},
Booktitle = {Behavioral Medicine and Women: A Comprehensive
Handbook},
Publisher = {Guilford Press},
Editor = {Blechman, EA and Brownell, KD},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds253900}
}
@article{fds254036,
Author = {Somlai, AM and Kelly, JA and McAuliffe, TL and Gudmundson, JL and Murphy, DA and Sikkema, KJ and Hackl, KL},
Title = {Role play assessments of sexual assertiveness skills:
Relationships with HIV/AIDS sexual risk behavior
practices},
Journal = {AIDS and Behavior},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {319-328},
Year = {1998},
Abstract = {Conceptual formulations of HIV risk reduction and many HIV
prevention interventions reported in the literature
emphasize the role of sexual assertiveness, negotiation, and
communication skills as key elements for enacting behavior
change. However, there have been few attempts to determine
if objective ratings of individuals' sexual communication
skill effectiveness are actually associated with their
levels of HIV sexual risk behavior. In the current study,
114 severely mentally ill men and women role-played scenes
in which confederates simulated attempts to coerce
unprotected sex. Participants' role-played responses were
transcribed verbatim and later rated for quality in several
areas of assertiveness skill effectiveness. In addition,
participants provided detailed information concerning their
sexual behavior practices in the past 30 days. Participants
were categorized into highly, intermediately, or poorly
skilled groups based on effectiveness in role play
performance, and the groups were then compared on indices of
HIV risk behavior. Individuals with high objectively rated
sexual assertiveness skill had the lowest number of
unprotected sex acts, the smallest number of different
sexual partners, the smallest number of casual sex partners,
and the highest levels of condom-protected sex in the past
30 days. Individuals with poor sexual assertiveness
role-play skills had the highest levels of sexual risk
behavior. These associations were especially pronounced
among women. Findings of this research provide support for
teaching individuals to develop and refine their sexual
assertiveness and communication skills in HIV prevention
programs. Future research issues in this area are
highlighted.},
Key = {fds254036}
}
@article{fds253966,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Murphy, DA and Sikkema, KJ and McAuliffe, TL and Roffman,
RA and Solomon, LJ and Winett, RA and Kalichman, SC},
Title = {Randomised, controlled, community-level HIV-prevention
intervention for sexual-risk behaviour among homosexual men
in US cities. Community HIV Prevention Research
Collaborative.},
Journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
Volume = {350},
Number = {9090},
Pages = {1500-1505},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0140-6736},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9388397},
Keywords = {Adult • HIV Infections • Health Education •
Homosexuality, Male* • Humans • Intervention
Studies • Male • Questionnaires • Risk-Taking
• Sexual Behavior* • United States • methods*
• prevention & control*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND:Community-level interventions may be helpful in
population-focused HIV prevention. If members of populations
at risk of HIV infection who are popular with other members
can be engaged to advocate the benefits of behaviour change
to peers, decreases in risk behaviour may be possible. We
assessed a community-level intervention to lower the risk of
HIV infection, focusing on men patronising gay bars in eight
small US cities. METHODS:We used a randomised
community-level field design. Four cities received the
intervention and four control cities did not. Participants
were men from each city who went to gay bars. Men completed
surveys about their sexual behaviour on entering the bars
during 3-night periods at baseline and at 1-year follow-up.
In the control cities, HIV educational materials were placed
in the bars. In the intervention cities, we recruited
popular homosexual men in the community and trained them to
spread behaviour-change endorsements and recommendations to
their peers through conversation. FINDINGS:Population-level
of risk behaviour decreased significantly in the
intervention cities compared with the control cities at
1-year follow-up, after exclusion of surveys completed by
transients and men with exclusive sexual partners in a
city-level analysis, in the intervention cities we found a
reduction in the mean frequency of unprotected anal
intercourse during the previous 2 months (baseline 1.68
occasions; follow-up 0.59: p = 0.04) and an increase in the
mean percentage of occasions of anal intercourse protected
by condoms (baseline 44.7%; follow-up 66.8%, p = 0.02).
Increased numbers of condoms taken from dispensers in
intervention-city bars corroborated risk-behaviour
self-reports. INTERPRETATION:Popular and well-liked members
of a community who systematically endorse and recommend
risk-reduction behaviour can influence the sexual-risk
practices of others in their social networks. Natural styles
of communication, such as conversations, brought about
population-level changes in risk behaviour.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0140-6736(97)07439-4},
Key = {fds253966}
}
@article{fds254034,
Author = {Kelly, JA and McAuliffe, TL and Sikkema, KJ and Murphy, DA and Somlai,
AM and Mulry, G and Miller, JG and Stevenson, LY and Fernandez,
MI},
Title = {Reduction in risk behavior among adults with severe mental
illness who learned to advocate for HIV prevention.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {48},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1283-1288},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9323747},
Keywords = {Adult • Chronic Disease • Cognitive Therapy •
Female • HIV Infections • Health Behavior* •
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice* • Humans •
Male • Mental Disorders • Patient Advocacy* •
Psychotherapy, Group • Sex Education • Social
Values • Wisconsin • prevention & control* •
psychology • rehabilitation* •
transmission},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The study evaluated the relative impact of HIV
risk reduction interventions for adults with severe mental
illness living in the inner city. METHODS: A total of 104
chronically mentally ill men and women were interviewed to
determine sexual risk behavior over the past month and to
assess HIV risk-related psychological characteristics,
including their knowledge about risk behavior, their belief
in their ability to change their behavior, their perceptions
of peer and social norms about safer sex, their expectancies
about the outcomes of these changes, and their perceived
barriers to condom use. Participants were then randomly
assigned to one of three conditions: a single AIDS education
session, a seven-session cognitive-behavioral HIV risk
reduction group intervention, or a seven-session group
intervention that combined the cognitive-behavioral
intervention with training to act as a risk reduction
advocate to friends (advocacy training). Individuals were
reinterviewed three months after completion of the
intervention. RESULTS: Although all participants exhibited
change at follow-up in some risk-related psychological
characteristics and sexual risk behaviors, participants who
received the cognitive-behavioral intervention that included
the advocacy training reported greater reductions in rates
of unprotected sex and had fewer sexual partners at
follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: HIV prevention interventions that
teach risk reduction skills and then encourage participants
to advocate behavior change to others appear to strengthen
participants' capacity to change their behavior to reduce
HIV risk, even those from a disenfranchised group such as
severely mentally ill adults.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1176/ps.48.10.1283},
Key = {fds254034}
}
@article{fds253965,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Somlai, AM and Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Franzoi,
SL},
Title = {Psychosocial predictors of life satisfaction among persons
living with HIV infection and AIDS.},
Journal = {The Journal of the Association of Nurses in Aids Care :
Janac},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {21-30},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1055-3290},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9298467},
Abstract = {As AIDS becomes a more chronic but manageable illness,
understanding quality of life issues among persons living
with this disease has become an important goal of health
care researchers. However, most quality of life
investigations of persons living with HIV disease have
relied heavily on clinical samples (e.g., hospitalized
patients, psychiatric outpatients). The present study sought
to identify psychosocial predictors of general life
satisfaction in a community sample of 275 persons living
with HIV/AIDS in a large midwestern state. Principal
components and multiple regression analyses revealed that
improved physical/functional well-being, increased social
support, more frequent use of active coping strategies, and
fewer incidents of AIDS-related discrimination and stigma
predicted higher levels of general life satisfaction (R2 =
39). Intervention strategies likely to produce higher levels
of life satisfaction among persons living with HIV disease
are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/s1055-3290(97)80026-x},
Key = {fds253965}
}
@article{fds254032,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Bissett, RT},
Title = {Concepts, goals, and techniques of counseling: Review and
implications for HIV counseling and testing},
Journal = {Aids Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the
International Society for Aids Education},
Volume = {9},
Number = {3 SUPPL.},
Pages = {14-26},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0899-9546},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120020018233},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis* • Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome • Cognitive Therapy • Counseling •
Goals • Health Education • Health Knowledge,
Attitudes, Practice • Humans • Treatment Outcome
• methods* • prevention & control* •
psychology • transmission},
Abstract = {Research to examine, understand, and improve the usefulness
and effectiveness of HIV counseling and testing (HIV CT) has
been challenging, to some extent because of a less than
fully articulated conceptual framework. The goal of this
article is to place HIV CT in a conceptual and theoretical
context, not only of counseling and psychotherapy but also
of a larger framework of models of behavior change.
Counseling approaches are also compared with respect to how
well they address five tasks of HIV counseling: relationship
building, risk assessment, dissemination of information,
behavior change, and emotional and coping support. No single
counseling approach was found to meet all of these tasks.
Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches were
considered most relevant to the tasks of HIV counseling,
whereas client-centered and crisis counseling approaches
were appropriate for the relationship building and
emotional/coping support components of HIV counseling. In
addition, this article provides a more differentiated view
of HIV CT and suggests how further research into the
effectiveness of HIV counseling can be informed by primary
underlying counseling theories.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540120020018233},
Key = {fds254032}
}
@article{fds90814,
Author = {TG Heckman and KJ Sikkema and JA Kelly and RW Fuqua and MB Mercer and RG
Hoffmann, RA Winett and ES Anderson and MJ Perry and RA Roffman and LJ
Solomon, DA Wagstaff and V Cargill and AD Norman and D
Crumble},
Title = {Predictors of condom use and human immunodeficiency virus
test seeking among women living in inner-city public housing
developments.},
Journal = {Sexually transmitted diseases},
Volume = {23},
Number = {5},
Pages = {357-65},
Year = {1997},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0148-5717},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129650125542},
Keywords = {Americas • Barrier Methods • Behavior •
Condom* • Contraception • Contraceptive Methods
• Demographic Factors • Developed Countries •
Diseases • Economic Factors • Family Planning
• Hiv Infections--women* • Low Income
Population--women* • Multiple Partners* • North
America • Northern America • Population •
Population Characteristics • Research Methodology
• Research Report* • Retrospective Studies* •
Risk Reduction Behavior* • Sex Behavior • Sexual
Partners • Social Class • Socioeconomic Factors
• Socioeconomic Status • Studies • United
States • Urban Population--women* • Viral
Diseases},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine prevalence and predictors of condom
use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test seeking
among women living in inner-city housing developments.
METHODS: Between April and June 1994, 671 women living in
low-income housing developments in five cities in the United
States completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire
eliciting information on acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS) risk behavior and characteristics indicative of risk.
RESULTS: Most participants were women of color who were
economically disadvantaged. Fifteen percent reported
multiple sex partners, and 30% of women with one sex partner
believed he had sex with someone else in the past year.
Predictors of condom use included increased rates of
safe-sex negotiation, stronger risk reduction intentions,
absence of condom barrier beliefs, and multiple sex
partners. Women tested for HIV in the past year were
younger, perceived themselves to be at risk for HIV
infection, reported more conversations with other women
about AIDS concerns, and had condoms readily available.
CONCLUSIONS: HIV public health prevention interventions are
urgently needed for women who live in low-income urban
housing developments.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129650125542},
Key = {fds90814}
}
@article{fds253912,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Methodological overview of a NIMH multisite HIV prevention
trial for populations at risk for HIV},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {1-11},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253912}
}
@article{fds253913,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Screening, recruiting, and predicting retention of
participants in a multisite HIV prevention
trial},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {13-19},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253913}
}
@article{fds253914,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Demographic and behavioral predictors of sexual risk in a
NIMH multisite HIV prevention trial},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {21-27},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253914}
}
@article{fds253915,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Conceptual basis and procedures for the intervention in a
multisite HIV prevention trial},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {29-35},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253915}
}
@article{fds253916,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Endpoints and other measures in a NIMH multisite HIV
prevention trial},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {37-47},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253916}
}
@article{fds253917,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Quality control and quality assurance in HIV prevention
research: Model from the NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention
Trial},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {49-53},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253917}
}
@article{fds253918,
Author = {Sikkema (NIMH Multisite) and KJ},
Title = {Definitions of adverse reactions in clinical trials of a
behavioral intervention},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {55-57},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253918}
}
@article{fds253919,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Collecting sexually transmitted disease clinic chart data in
multisite studies},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {59-63},
Year = {1997},
Abstract = {Supplement 2},
Key = {fds253919}
}
@article{fds254035,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Heckman, TG and Kelly, JA},
Title = {HIV risk behaviors among inner-city African American
women.},
Journal = {Women'S Health (Hillsdale, N.J.)},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {349-366},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1077-2928},
Abstract = {This study examined the prevalence and predictors of HIV
risk behaviors among a sample of 875 low-income, African
American women residents of inner-city housing developments.
The women completed an anonymous questionnaire that revealed
that one third of them were at high risk for HIV either
because they had multiple partners or because of the
high-risk behaviors of their regular partner. HIV risk was
highest among women who accurately perceived themselves to
be at increased HIV risk, reported weak behavioral
intentions to reduce risk, and held stronger beliefs about
psychosocial barriers to condom use. Women at high risk were
also younger, reported higher rates of substance use, and
indicated that their housing development lacked social
cohesiveness. These findings suggest that HIV prevention
efforts for this population should focus on strengthening
women's risk reduction behavioral intentions and
self-efficacy through skill development, overcoming
psychosocial barriers to condom use, managing the risk
related to substance use, and incorporating approaches that
take into account the social, psychological, and
relationship barriers to change among economically
impoverished African American women.},
Key = {fds254035}
}
@article{fds90823,
Author = {TG Heckman and JA Kelly and RA Roffman and KJ Sikkema and MJ Perry and LJ
Solomon, RA Winett and AD Norman and RG Hoffmann and LY
Stevenson},
Title = {Psychosocial differences between recently HIV tested and
non-tested gay men who reside in smaller US
cities.},
Journal = {International journal of STD & AIDS},
Volume = {6},
Number = {6},
Pages = {436-40},
Year = {1996},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0956-4624},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903938},
Keywords = {AIDS Serodiagnosis • Adult • Bisexuality* •
Condoms • Homosexuality, Male* • Humans •
Male • Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior • Sexual
Partners • Social Behavior • Urban Population
• psychology*},
Abstract = {While a number of studies have examined behavioural and
psychosocial correlates of HIV test seeking, most of this
research has relied on samples of urban gay men. Less is
known about HIV testing rates and factors associated with
testing among gay and bisexual men who live in smaller
cities. The present research administered surveys to 3969
non-exclusively partnered gay and bisexual men attending gay
bars in small American cities to determine (a) rates of HIV
test seeking, and (b) how tested and non-tested men differed
on a battery of psychosocial indices. A total of 68% of men
had been tested for antibodies to HIV--50% in the past year.
Men tested for HIV in the past year, compared to men never
tested for HIV, knew more people who were HIV positive or
were diagnosed with AIDS, had a closer relationship with
someone who had died of AIDS, were more likely to be ethnic
minorities, reported more conversations with friends about
safer sex, and had stronger intentions to use condoms during
their next intercourse occasion. Our results indicate that
HIV counselling and testing programmes comprise an important
component of HIV prevention efforts assisting gay men
residing in smaller USA cities.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903938},
Key = {fds90823}
}
@article{fds90834,
Author = {SC Kalichman and KJ Sikkema and A Somlai},
Title = {People living with HIV infection who attend and do not
attend support groups: a pilot study of needs,
characteristics and experiences.},
Journal = {AIDS care},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {589-99},
Year = {1996},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129650125542},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Analysis of
Variance • Attitude to Health • Chi-Square
Distribution • Female • HIV Infections •
Humans • Male • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
• Pilot Projects • Retrospective Studies •
Sampling Studies • Self-Help Groups* • Social
Support • Stress, Psychological • Treatment
Outcome • complications • etiology •
psychology* • standards • therapy},
Abstract = {People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
confront a myriad of stressors over the course of their
infection. Social support groups offer a means of addressing
the support needs of people living with HIV. In the present
study, 34 persons who had attended HIV support groups and 29
who had not attended groups completed measures of distress,
coping, and social connectedness, and participated in
open-ended interviews concerning their support group
experiences. Results showed that those who attended support
groups knew they were HIV-seropositive for a longer time,
reported less emotional distress, and had more social
contact than did non-attenders. However, non-attenders
endorsed avoidant coping strategies to a greater extent.
Analyses showed that time since testing positive accounted
for differences between groups in social connectedness but
not differences in anxiety, depression, or avoidance coping.
Thus, HIV-seropositive persons become socially reconnected
with time, but individuals with avoidant coping styles
experience greater emotional distress and are unlikely to
seek support groups. A sizeable proportion of people with
HIV may therefore need supportive interventions,
particularly nearer to the time that they test
HIV-seropositive.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129650125542},
Key = {fds90834}
}
@article{fds254094,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Somlai, A},
Title = {People living with HIV infection who attend and do not
attend support groups: a pilot study of needs,
characteristics and experiences.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {589-599},
Year = {1996},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8893909},
Keywords = {Adult • Behavior Therapy • Chronic Disease •
Combined Modality Therapy • Female • HIV
Infections • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Patient
Care Team • Personality Disorders • Psychotherapy,
Brief • Psychotic Disorders • Sexual Behavior
• Treatment Outcome • complications •
methods* • prevention & control* • psychology
• rehabilitation* • transmission},
Abstract = {People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
confront a myriad of stressors over the course of their
infection. Social support groups offer a means of addressing
the support needs of people living with HIV. In the present
study, 34 persons who had attended HIV support groups and 29
who had not attended groups completed measures of distress,
coping, and social connectedness, and participated in
open-ended interviews concerning their support group
experiences. Results showed that those who attended support
groups knew they were HIV-seropositive for a longer time,
reported less emotional distress, and had more social
contact than did non-attenders. However, non-attenders
endorsed avoidant coping strategies to a greater extent.
Analyses showed that time since testing positive accounted
for differences between groups in social connectedness but
not differences in anxiety, depression, or avoidance coping.
Thus, HIV-seropositive persons become socially reconnected
with time, but individuals with avoidant coping styles
experience greater emotional distress and are unlikely to
seek support groups. A sizeable proportion of people with
HIV may therefore need supportive interventions,
particularly nearer to the time that they test
HIV-seropositive.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129650125542},
Key = {fds254094}
}
@article{fds254033,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Fuqua, RW and Mercer, MB and Hoffmann, RG and Winett, RA and Anderson, ES and Perry, MJ and Roffman,
RA and Solomon, LJ and Wagstaff, DA and Cargill, V and Norman, AD and Crumble, D},
Title = {Predictors of condom use and human immunodeficiency virus
test seeking among women living in inner-city public housing
developments.},
Journal = {Sexually Transmitted Diseases},
Volume = {23},
Number = {5},
Pages = {357-365},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0148-5717},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8885065},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:To examine prevalence and
predictors of condom use and human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) test seeking among women living in inner-city housing
developments. STUDY DESIGN:Between April and June 1994, 671
women living in low-income housing developments in five
cities in the United States completed an anonymous
self-report questionnaire eliciting information on acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk behavior and
characteristics indicative of risk. RESULTS:Most
participants were women of color who were economically
disadvantaged. Fifteen percent reported multiple sex
partners, and 30% of women with one sex partner believed he
had sex with someone else in the past year. Predictors of
condom use included increased rates of safe-sex negotiation,
stronger risk reduction intentions, absence of condom
barrier beliefs, and multiple sex partners. Women tested for
HIV in the past year were younger, perceived themselves to
be at risk for HIV infection, reported more conversations
with other women about AIDS concerns, and had condoms
readily available. CONCLUSIONS:HIV public health prevention
interventions are urgently needed for women who live in
low-income urban housing developments.},
Doi = {10.1097/00007435-199609000-00003},
Key = {fds254033}
}
@article{fds90829,
Author = {DA Wagstaff and JA Kelly and MJ Perry and KJ Sikkema and LJ Solomon and TG
Heckman, ES Anderson},
Title = {Multiple partners, risky partners and HIV risk among
low-income urban women.},
Journal = {Family planning perspectives},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {241-5},
Year = {1996},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0014-7354},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903938},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome* • Americas •
Attitude* • Barrier Methods • Behavior •
Biology • Communication* • Condom* •
Contraception • Contraceptive Methods •
Contraceptive Usage* • Developed Countries •
Diseases • Economic Factors • Family Planning
• Hiv Infections* • Interpersonal Relations*
• Low Income Population* • North America •
Northern America • Psychological Factors • Risk
Behavior* • Risk Factors* • Sex Behavior* •
Social Class • Socioeconomic Factors •
Socioeconomic Status • United States • Viral
Diseases},
Abstract = {A sample of 671 predominantly single, young black women
living in 10 low-income housing developments in five cities
completed an anonymous questionnaire assessing factors
related to their risk of contracting the human
immunodeficiency virus, including their sexual behavior and
condom use, and their partners' risk-related behaviors. In
the two months before the 1994 survey, 17% of the women had
sex with multiple partners and 22% had an exclusive partner
who either had had other sexual partners in the past year or
had a history of injection drug use; 40% had an exclusive
partner who they believed had not engaged in these risky
behaviors. During the same interval, 26% of women who had
multiple partners received treatment for a sexually
transmitted disease, compared with 9-11% of those who had an
exclusive relationship. Condom use at last intercourse and
communications about condom use were less frequent among
women with an exclusive, risky partner than among those with
multiple partners; attitudinal barriers to condom use did
not vary, however, by the characteristics of women's
relationships.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903938},
Key = {fds90829}
}
@article{fds253964,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Heckman, TG and Kelly, JA and Anderson, ES and Winett,
RA and Solomon, LJ and Wagstaff, DA and Roffman, RA and Perry, MJ and Cargill, V and Crumble, DA and Fuqua, RW and Norman, AD and Mercer,
MB},
Title = {HIV risk behaviors among women living in low-income,
inner-city housing developments.},
Journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
Volume = {86},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1123-1128},
Year = {1996},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0090-0036},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8712272},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Female • HIV
Infections • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Humans • Middle Aged • Poverty* •
Prevalence • Public Housing* • Questionnaires
• Risk Factors • Risk-Taking* • Sexual
Behavior* • United States • Urban Health* •
Women • education • etiology* • prevention &
control • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:This study describes the prevalence and
predictors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk
behaviors among women living in low-income, inner-city
housing developments. METHODS:Anonymous questionnaires were
administered to 671 women living in 10 inner-city,
low-income housing developments in five US cities to
determine their levels of HIV risk behavior and predictors
of HIV risk practices. RESULTS:Approximately one third of
women were at high risk for HIV because of the risk behavior
of their sexual partners. HIV risk was highest among women
who accurately perceived themselves to be at increased HIV
risk, held strong beliefs about barriers to condom use, and
reported weak behavioral intentions to reduce risk. Women at
higher risk were also younger and reported higher rates of
alcohol and substance use. CONCLUSIONS:HIV prevention
efforts are needed for inner-city women. Interventions
should focus on overcoming women's barriers to condom use,
strengthening their intentions to change behaviors, and
managing the risk related to their use of
substances.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2105/ajph.86.8_pt_1.1123},
Key = {fds253964}
}
@article{fds254030,
Author = {Norman, AD and Perry, MJ and Stevenson, LY and Kelly, JA and Roffman,
RA},
Title = {Lesbian and bisexual women in small cities--at risk for HIV?
HIV Prevention Community Collaborative.},
Journal = {Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. :
1974)},
Volume = {111},
Number = {4},
Pages = {347-352},
Year = {1996},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0033-3549},
Abstract = {Objectives.Women who have sex with women are a relatively
hidden group that has been overlooked in most AIDS research
and prevention efforts, primarily because the efficiency of
HIV transmission between female partners is believed to be
low. Although data are scant, it is commonly assumed that
members of this population are not at high risk for HIV
infection. However, a recent study of lesbian and bisexual
women living in the San Francisco Bay area reported a
relatively high seroprevalence rate and has raised
additional questions about this group's HIV risk. The
present study, the first to focus on lesbian and bisexual
women living outside major AIDS epicenters, provides
additional evidence. It describes risk factors for HIV
transmission among lesbian and bisexual women living in
small cities in four geographic regions of the United
States.Methods.On three consecutive evenings in 1992,
members of the research team distributed anonymous
structured written surveys to women patrons as they entered
gay bars in each of 16 small cities.Results.Almost 17% of
bisexual respondents and 0.5% of lesbians reported having
had unprotected vaginal or anal sex with a male during the
two months prior to the survey. Almost 10 percent of
bisexual women and 8.8% of lesbians in the sample reported a
history of injection drug use. Among those women surveyed
who said they had been tested, 1.4% reported they were
infected with HIV.Conclusions.Self-identified sexual
orientation was highly consistent with recent sexual
behavior. HIV risk related to sexual behavior was
concentrated among self-identified bisexual women. The
prevalence of injection drug use was substantial among both
bisexual and lesbians. Developers of HIV risk behavior
programs should take the prevalence of these risk behaviors
into consideration in the design of effective HIV prevention
interventions tailored to the needs of this hidden
population.},
Key = {fds254030}
}
@article{fds90804,
Author = {KJ Sikkema and JJ Koob and VC Cargill and JA Kelly and LL Desiderato and RA
Roffman, AD Norman and M Shabazz and C Copeland and RA
Winett},
Title = {Levels and predictors of HIV risk behavior among women in
low-income public housing developments.},
Journal = {Public health reports (Washington, D.C. :
1974)},
Volume = {110},
Number = {6},
Pages = {707-13},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0033-3549},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02903938},
Keywords = {Condoms • Female • HIV Infections • Humans
• Male • Poverty* • Public Housing •
Risk-Taking* • Sexual Behavior • Sexual Partners
• United States • Women's Health • prevention
& control* • utilization*},
Abstract = {The prevalence of increases in human immunodeficiency virus
infection and illness rates among urban disadvantaged women
underscore the urgent need for acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome prevention interventions for high-risk women. Few
studies, however, have examined the factors contributing to
risk in this population or predictors of risk taking and
risk reduction. A total of 148 women, most of them of racial
minorities, living in low-income public housing developments
completed measures designed to assess risk for human
immunodeficiency virus infection and to analyze factors
related to risk taking, including knowledge about acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome, behavior change self-efficacy,
intention to use condoms, and social norm perception about
safer sex practices. History of sexually transmitted
diseases, low rates of condom use, and relationships with
men who were injection drug users or who were not sexually
exclusive were commonly reported. Women were divided into
high- or low-risk categories based on behavior during the
two preceding months. Women at low risk believed more
strongly in personal efficacy of behavior change, were more
committed to using condoms, and perceived risk reduction
steps as more socially normative than high-risk women.
Culturally tailored human immunodeficiency virus prevention
interventions that address these dimensions are
needed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903938},
Key = {fds90804}
}
@article{fds254029,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA},
Title = {Behavioral medicine interventions can improve the
quality-of-life and health of persons with HIV
disease.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {18},
Number = {1},
Pages = {40-48},
Year = {1996},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903938},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Anxiety • Data Collection •
Depression • HIV Infections • Humans •
Religion and Medicine* • Stress, Psychological •
United States • Wisconsin • complications •
epidemiology • etiology • physiology* •
physiopathology • physiopathology* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Interventions to enhance the quality-of-life and health of
persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease are
becoming increasingly important as the number of people with
HIV increases and as medical treatment regimens extend their
life expectancy. Behavioral medicine approaches carry
considerable promise for the treatment of disorders
associated with HIV disease, including HIV-related
nutritional disorders, pain management, sleep disorders, and
treatment adherence. This article summarizes the literature
on the prevalence of these disorders in HIV disease, reviews
established behavioral medicine interventions for the
disorders, and discusses how behavioral medicine
interventions might be applied to the HIV manifestation of
the disorders. Efforts to apply behavioral medicine
approaches to improve life quality, alleviate sequelae of
illness, and improve health outcomes in persons with HIV
disease are urgently needed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/bf02903938},
Key = {fds254029}
}
@article{fds254031,
Author = {Somlai, AM and Kelly, JA and Kalichman, SC and Mulry, G and Sikkema, KJ and McAuliffe, T and Multhauf, K and Davantes, B},
Title = {An empirical investigation of the relationship between
spirituality, coping, and emotional distress in people
living with HIV infection and AIDS.},
Journal = {Journal of Pastoral Care},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {181-191},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0022-3409},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10158099},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Anxiety • Data Collection •
Depression • HIV Infections • Humans •
Religion and Medicine* • Stress, Psychological •
United States • Wisconsin • complications •
epidemiology • etiology • physiology* •
physiopathology • physiopathology* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Evaluates levels of psychological distress, coping
mechanisms, and their relationship with the religious
beliefs and spiritual practices of people (N=65) living with
HIV and AIDS. Results of the research indicate a strong
relationship for spiritual dimensions with mental health,
psychological adjustment, and coping. Concludes that a
blending of spiritual traditions and mental health
approaches are needed to facilitate the coping of people
living with HIV and AIDS.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/002234099605000206},
Key = {fds254031}
}
@article{fds254025,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Roffman, RR and Solomon,
LJ and Winett, RA and Stevenson, LY and Perry, MJ and Norman, AD and Desiderato, LJ},
Title = {Differences in HIV risk characteristics between bisexual and
exclusively gay men.},
Journal = {Aids Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the
International Society for Aids Education},
Volume = {7},
Number = {6},
Pages = {504-512},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0899-9546},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8924347},
Keywords = {Adult • Bisexuality* • Condoms • HIV
Infections • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
• Homosexuality, Male* • Humans • Male •
Questionnaires • Risk-Taking • prevention &
control* • psychology • statistics & numerical
data • utilization},
Abstract = {Research investigating HIV-risk sexual behaviors of men who
have sex with men usually combines gay and bisexual men,
treating them as a single, homogeneous group. However, gay
and bisexual men may differ in their HIV risk behavior and
in psychological characteristics indicative of risk.
Exclusively gay (N = 1,180) and bisexual men (N = 136)
completed anonymous surveys at gay bars. The surveys
assessed demographic, psychological, and behavioral data
related to sexual behavior and HIV risk. Relative to
exclusively gay men, bisexual men had lower intentions to
use condoms in their next intercourse occasion, reported a
greater frequency of oral sex with men and more oral-sex
partners, knew fewer people who were HIV positive, and
perceived weaker peer norms favoring safer sex and risk
avoidance. One-third of bisexual men reported engaging in
unprotected anal intercourse, and 17% of bisexual men had
multiple unprotected anal sex partners in the past two
months. Interventions tailored to the needs of bisexual men
are urgently needed and should focus on increasing
intentions to use condoms, increasing HIV-risk
sensitization, and fostering norms favoring safer sex and
risk avoidance.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903938},
Key = {fds254025}
}
@article{fds254023,
Author = {Wagstaff, DA and Kelly, JA and Perry, MJ and Sikkema, KJ and Solomon,
LJ and Heckman, TG and Anderson, ES},
Title = {Multiple partners, risky partners and HIV risk among
low-income urban women.},
Journal = {Family Planning Perspectives},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {241-245},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0014-7354},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8666088},
Abstract = {A sample of 671 predominantly single, young black women
living in 10 low-income housing developments in five cities
completed an anonymous questionnaire assessing factors
related to their risk of contracting the human
immunodeficiency virus, including their sexual behavior and
condom use, and their partners' risk-related behaviors. In
the two months before the 1994 survey, 17% of the women had
sex with multiple partners and 22% had an exclusive partner
who either had had other sexual partners in the past year or
had a history of injection drug use; 40% had an exclusive
partner who they believed had not engaged in these risky
behaviors. During the same interval, 26% of women who had
multiple partners received treatment for a sexually
transmitted disease, compared with 9-11% of those who had an
exclusive relationship. Condom use at last intercourse and
communications about condom use were less frequent among
women with an exclusive, risky partner than among those with
multiple partners; attitudinal barriers to condom use did
not vary, however, by the characteristics of women's
relationships.},
Doi = {10.2307/2136176},
Key = {fds254023}
}
@article{fds254026,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kelly, JA and Roffman, RA and Sikkema, KJ and Perry, MJ and Solomon, LJ and Winett, RA and Norman, AD and Hoffmann, RG and Stevenson, LY},
Title = {Psychosocial differences between recently HIV tested and
non-tested gay men who reside in smaller US
cities.},
Journal = {International Journal of Std & Aids},
Volume = {6},
Number = {6},
Pages = {436-440},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0956-4624},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8845403},
Abstract = {While a number of studies have examined behavioural and
psychosocial correlates of HIV test seeking, most of this
research has relied on samples of urban gay men. Less is
known about HIV testing rates and factors associated with
testing among gay and bisexual men who live in smaller
cities. The present research administered surveys to 3969
non-exclusively partnered gay and bisexual men attending gay
bars in small American cities to determine (a) rates of HIV
test seeking, and (b) how tested and non-tested men differed
on a battery of psychosocial indices. A total of 68% of men
had been tested for antibodies to HIV--50% in the past year.
Men tested for HIV in the past year, compared to men never
tested for HIV, knew more people who were HIV positive or
were diagnosed with AIDS, had a closer relationship with
someone who had died of AIDS, were more likely to be ethnic
minorities, reported more conversations with friends about
safer sex, and had stronger intentions to use condoms during
their next intercourse occasion. Our results indicate that
HIV counselling and testing programmes comprise an important
component of HIV prevention efforts assisting gay men
residing in smaller USA cities.},
Doi = {10.1177/095646249500600612},
Key = {fds254026}
}
@article{fds254027,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Koob, JJ and Cargill, VC and Kelly, JA and Desiderato,
LL and Roffman, RA and Norman, AD and Shabazz, M and Copeland, C and Winett, RA},
Title = {Levels and predictors of HIV risk behavior among women in
low-income public housing developments.},
Journal = {Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. :
1974)},
Volume = {110},
Number = {6},
Pages = {707-713},
Year = {1995},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-3549},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8570824},
Abstract = {The prevalence of increases in human immunodeficiency virus
infection and illness rates among urban disadvantaged women
underscore the urgent need for acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome prevention interventions for high-risk women. Few
studies, however, have examined the factors contributing to
risk in this population or predictors of risk taking and
risk reduction. A total of 148 women, most of them of racial
minorities, living in low-income public housing developments
completed measures designed to assess risk for human
immunodeficiency virus infection and to analyze factors
related to risk taking, including knowledge about acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome, behavior change self-efficacy,
intention to use condoms, and social norm perception about
safer sex practices. History of sexually transmitted
diseases, low rates of condom use, and relationships with
men who were injection drug users or who were not sexually
exclusive were commonly reported. Women were divided into
high- or low-risk categories based on behavior during the
two preceding months. Women at low risk believed more
strongly in personal efficacy of behavior change, were more
committed to using condoms, and perceived risk reduction
steps as more socially normative than high-risk women.
Culturally tailored human immunodeficiency virus prevention
interventions that address these dimensions are
needed.},
Key = {fds254027}
}
@article{fds253979,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Murphy, DA and Sikkema, KJ and Somlai, AM and Mulry, GW and Fernandez, MI and Miller, JG and Stevenson, LY},
Title = {Predictors of high and low levels of HIV risk behavior among
adults with chronic mental illness.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {46},
Number = {8},
Pages = {813-818},
Year = {1995},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7583483},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Chronic Disease • Female
• HIV Infections • Health Behavior* • Health
Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Homosexuality, Male
• Humans • Male • Mental Disorders •
Middle Aged • Patient Education as Topic • Sexual
Behavior • prevention & control • psychology
• psychology* • rehabilitation •
transmission*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Several recent studies confirm elevated rates of
human immunodeficiency virus infection among acute and
chronic mentally ill adults in large urban areas. This
research sought to characterize risk for HIV infection among
adults with chronic mental illness and to examine
psychosocial factors predictive of risk. METHODS: Two
hundred and twenty-five adults with chronic mental illness
who were sexually active in the past year outside of
exclusive relationships were individually interviewed in
community mental health clinics using a structured HIV risk
assessment protocol. RESULTS: More than 50 percent of the
study participants were sexually active in the past month,
and 25 percent had multiple sexual partners during that
period. Fifteen percent of the men had male sexual partners.
In more than 75 percent of occasions of sexual intercourse,
condoms were not used. When participants were categorized as
at either high or lower risk for HIV infection based on
their pattern of condom use, psychosocial factors that
predicted risk level included measures of participants'
self-reported efficacy in using condoms, perceptions of
social norms related to safer sex among peers and sexual
partners, and expectations about outcomes associated with
condom use, as well as participants' level of objectively
assessed behavioral skills in negotiation and assertiveness
in sexual situations. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions aimed at
prevention of HIV and AIDS are urgently needed in settings
that provide services to persons with chronic mental
illness.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1176/ps.46.8.813},
Key = {fds253979}
}
@article{fds253978,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Winett, RA and Lombard, DN},
Title = {Development and evaluation of an HIV-risk reduction program
for female college students.},
Journal = {Aids Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the
International Society for Aids Education},
Volume = {7},
Number = {2},
Pages = {145-159},
Year = {1995},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0899-9546},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7619644},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Assertiveness •
Cognitive Therapy • Condoms • Female • Gender
Identity* • HIV Infections • Health Education*
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans
• Risk Factors • Role Playing • Sexual
Behavior • Treatment Outcome • prevention &
control* • psychology • transmission},
Abstract = {College students are engaging in high rates of behavior
related to risk of infection from Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
A cognitive-behavioral skills training program for
heterosexual college females focused on sexual assertiveness
skills and the reduction of risk-related behaviors was
designed and evaluated compared with an education-only
program. Participants completed pre-intervention,
post-intervention, and one-month follow-up assessments of:
(a) HIV/STD-related knowledge and beliefs; (b) sexual,
alcohol, and drug-related behaviors; and (c) sexual
assertiveness role-plays. Skills training participants
compared to education-only participants scored higher on
sexual assertiveness skills, specific knowledge of HIV
infection, and self-efficacy to perform lower risk sexual
behaviors and reported a reduction in risk-related behaviors
at post-intervention and follow-up assessments. The
effectiveness of behavioral skills in HIV risk-reduction
programs for college students is discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1007/BF02903938},
Key = {fds253978}
}
@article{fds287958,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Kelly, JA and Bulto,
M},
Title = {Use of a brief behavioral skills intervention to prevent HIV
infection among chronic mentally ill adults.},
Journal = {Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {46},
Number = {3},
Pages = {275-280},
Year = {1995},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1075-2730},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7796217},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Research shows that many chronic psychiatric
patients are at risk for infection by the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study investigated the
effects of a behavioral skills training program designed to
prevent HIV infection among chronic mentally ill adults
living in an inner-city area. METHODS: Twenty-seven men and
25 women were randomly assigned either to a four-session
AIDS prevention program emphasizing risk education, sexual
assertiveness, condom use, risk-related behavioral
self-management, and problem-solving skills or to a
waiting-list group, who later received the same
intervention. RESULTS: Compared with the waiting-list
control group, participants in the prevention program
demonstrated significant gains in AIDS-related knowledge and
intentions to change risk behaviors. The prevention program
also significantly reduced rates of unprotected sexual
intercourse and increased the use of condoms over a
one-month follow-up period. A subset of participants who
provided two-month follow-up data maintained some behavior
changes. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively brief, skills-focused
AIDS prevention program for chronic psychiatric patients
produced reductions in HIV risk behaviors. Such HIV risk
reduction intervention programs may be of use in inpatient,
outpatient, and community-based settings.},
Doi = {10.1176/ps.46.3.275},
Key = {fds287958}
}
@article{fds254024,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Winett, RA and Solomon, LJ and Roffman,
RA and Heckman, TG and Stevenson, LY and Perry, MJ and Norman, AD and Desiderato, LJ},
Title = {Factors predicting continued high-risk behavior among gay
men in small cities: psychological, behavioral, and
demographic characteristics related to unsafe
sex.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {101-107},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7896974},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adult • HIV
Seropositivity • Homosexuality, Male • Humans
• Male • Prognosis • Risk-Taking •
Sexual Behavior* • Urban Population* • prevention
& control • psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {Nearly 6,000 men entering gay bars in 16 small American
cities were anonymously surveyed to assess their sexual
behavior and to determine predictors of risky sexual
practices. Excluding individuals in long-term exclusive
relationships, 27% of the men reported engaging in
unprotected anal intercourse in the past 2 months. Factors
strongly predictive of risk included having a large number
of different male partners, estimating oneself to be at
greater risk, having weak intentions to use condoms at next
intercourse, believing that safer sex is not an expected
norm within one's peer reference group, being of younger
age, and having less education. These findings indicate that
HIV prevention efforts are urgently needed for gay men in
smaller cities, with efforts particularly focused on young
and less educated men sexually active with multiple
partners. Prevention should focus on strengthening
intentions to change behavior and on changing social norms
to foster safer sex.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.63.1.101},
Key = {fds254024}
}
@article{fds254084,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Somlai, A},
Title = {Assessing persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection using the Beck Depression Inventory: disease
processes and other potential confounds.},
Journal = {Journal of Personality Assessment},
Volume = {64},
Number = {1},
Pages = {86-100},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3891},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7877094},
Keywords = {Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) • Depressive
Disorder • Factor Analysis, Statistical • Female
• HIV Infections • Humans • Male •
Psychological Tests • epidemiology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and
somatic symptoms of depression overlap, confounding clinical
assessments of persons with HIV infection. This research
examined the extent of this confounding. In Study 1, 71
persons with HIV infection demonstrated high rates of
depression on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). However,
depression scores correlated with symptoms of HIV infection.
In Study 2, 63 persons with HIV infection also demonstrated
high rates of depression on the BDI, and depression was
again related to symptoms of HIV disease; specifically,
persistent fatigue, diarrhea, night sweats, and muscle
aches. Principal component factor analyses demonstrated that
somatic symptoms of depression were closely associated with
number of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome diagnoses,
number of HIV-related symptoms, and inversely related to
number of T-helper cells. In contrast, cognitive-affective
depression was most closely related to anxiety,
hypochondriasis, and number of months since tested HIV
positive. Results support the conclusion that depression
scores require differential interpretations at different
stages of HIV disease and that persons who have experienced
HIV-related symptoms only be assessed for depression using
instruments void of somatic symptoms.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_5},
Key = {fds254084}
}
@article{fds253976,
Author = {Heckman, TG and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, K and Cargill, V and Norman, A and Fuqua, W and Wagstaff, D and Solomon, L and Roffman, R and Crumble, D and Perry, M and Winett, R and Anderson, E and Mercer, MB and Hoffmann,
R},
Title = {HIV risk characteristics of young adult, adult, and older
adult women who live in inner-city housing developments:
Implications for prevention},
Journal = {Journal of Women'S Health},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {397-406},
Publisher = {MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.1995.4.397},
Abstract = {Economically disadvantaged urban women are increasingly
vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Research has documented increased HIV risk among urban
women, but little attention has focused on the relationship
between a woman's age and her HIV risk. The present study
surveyed 671 women living in 10 inner-city housing
developments in five geographically diverse cities
throughout the U.S. It sought to identify factors that place
young adult (ages 18-25 years), adult (ages 26-39 years),
and older adult (ages 40 and older) women at risk of HIV
infection, and to differentiate high HIV-risk young adult,
adult, and older women from one another. Multivariate
analyses disclosed that women's HIV risk behaviors and
characteristics that indicate risk varied by age. Young
adult women were at increased risk of HIV infection because
they had multiple sexual partners and high-risk partners.
Adult and older adult women were at risk primarily because
they had high-risk sexual partners. High-risk young adult,
adult, and older adult women differed from one another with
respect to HIV risk behavior knowledge, beliefs about condom
barriers, rates of condom use, perceived risk of HIV
infection, and seeking HIV tests. These findings suggest
that HIV prevention programs for high-risk, disadvantaged,
urban women need to consider the different sexual behavior
patterns and life circumstances of young adult, adult, and
older adult women.},
Doi = {10.1089/jwh.1995.4.397},
Key = {fds253976}
}
@article{fds254028,
Author = {Winett, RA and Anderson, ES and Desiderato, LL and Solomon, LJ and Perry, M and Kelly, JA and Sikkema, KJ and Roffman, RA and Norman, AD and Lombard, DN and Lombard, TN},
Title = {Enhancing social diffusion theory as a basis for prevention
intervention: A conceptual and strategic
framework},
Journal = {Applied and Preventive Psychology},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {233-245},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0962-1849},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(05)80025-3},
Abstract = {Social diffusion theory has recently been recognized as a
promising approach for large-scale disease prevention and
health promotion efforts. This paper describes how
principles and tactics from social cognitive theory, operant
psychology, social psychology, social marketing, and the
overarching stages of change model can be used to further
develop the conceptual and strategic (technological) bases
of social diffusion theory. Within an integrative framework,
we discuss in detail more effective ways to train peer
mediators of behavior change as one example of how social
diffusion theory can benefit from this conceptual and
strategic reformulation. We then further illustrate the use
of peer mediators of change in human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) and cancer prevention intervention studies with both
interventions training peer mediators to diffuse
information, norms, and risk reduction strategies. Although
the results of these studies showed reductions in high-risk
behaviors across population segments, more closely following
the framework discussed in this article should further
increase the behavior change potential of future
interventions based on social diffusion theory. © 1995
American Association of Applied and Preventive Psychology
(AAAPP).},
Doi = {10.1016/S0962-1849(05)80025-3},
Key = {fds254028}
}
@article{fds254088,
Author = {Roffman, RA and Kalichman, SC and Kelly, JA and Winett, RA and Solomon,
LJ and Sikkema, KJ and Norman, AD and Desiderato, LL and Perry, MJ and Lemke, AL},
Title = {HIV antibody testing of gay men in smaller US
cities.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {405-413},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8547356},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Adolescent • Adolescent Behavior*
• Family • Female • Health Education* •
Health Promotion • Humans • Male •
Parent-Child Relations • Risk-Taking • Videotape
Recording* • prevention & control* • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {The incidence of new AIDS diagnoses among gay males
indicates that risk reduction in smaller communities may be
lagging behind that reported in larger cities. Contradictory
evidence exists, largely from urban areas, concerning the
utility of HIV testing as a means of promoting behavioural
change. This study examined the relationship between HIV
antibody testing and subsequent high-risk sexual behaviours
among gay men in cities of 180,000 or fewer inhabitants. In
February and March of 1992, male gay bar patrons in sixteen
small US cities were administered an anonymous questionnaire
concerning recent sexual behaviour and HIV testing history.
Of the 1820 respondents, 28.1% had recently engaged in
unprotected anal intercourse and 60.7% had been tested for
HIV antibodies. Those who had been tested were more sexually
active and reported more protected and safer sexual
activities. Analyses at the individual and city levels
converged to demonstrate that communities as well as
individuals evidence increased self-protection in
association with HIV antibody testing.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129550126362},
Key = {fds254088}
}
@article{fds254089,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman, SC and Kelly, JA and Koob,
JJ},
Title = {Group intervention to improve coping with AIDS-related
bereavement: model development and an illustrative clinical
example.},
Journal = {Aids Care Psychological and Socio Medical Aspects of
Aids/Hiv},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {463-475},
Year = {1995},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8547361},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Adaptation,
Psychological • Adult • Bereavement* •
Cognitive Therapy • Emotions • Female • Goals
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Models,
Psychological* • Pilot Projects • Self-Help
Groups* • Social Support • methods* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Despite the widespread losses from AIDS, there have been no
published evaluations of mental health interventions for
people experiencing AIDS-related bereavement. We describe a
cognitive behavioural coping model for support group
interventions with people who experience an AIDS-related
loss. The support group model consists of six primary
components to address grief-related responses and the unique
features of AIDS bereavement: social support and group
cohesion; identification and expression of emotion;
identification of AIDS loss specific coping challenges;
recognition of current coping; goal setting; and,
implementation of adaptive coping to reduce psychological
distress. The model integrates theories of cognitive
behavioural coping within a social support group context.
Results of a pilot study with four men and four women showed
that the intervention model cast into eight group sessions
significantly reduced depression, intrusive experiences,
grief reactions, demoralization, and overall psychological
distress immediately following the intervention and at a
3-month follow-up assessment. The intervention appeared to
facilitate the adjustment of these bereaved persons and
warrants further study.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129550126416},
Key = {fds254089}
}
@article{fds90817,
Author = {RA Roffman and SC Kalichman and JA Kelly and RA Winett and LJ Solomon and KJ Sikkema and AD Norman and LL Desiderato and MJ Perry and AL
Lemke},
Title = {HIV antibody testing of gay men in smaller US
cities.},
Journal = {AIDS care},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {405-13},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0954-0121},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129550126362},
Keywords = {Adult • Decision Making • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male* • Humans • Male •
Residence Characteristics* • Risk-Taking* • Sexual
Behavior • United States • diagnosis •
prevention & control*},
Abstract = {The incidence of new AIDS diagnoses among gay males
indicates that risk reduction in smaller communities may be
lagging behind that reported in larger cities. Contradictory
evidence exists, largely from urban areas, concerning the
utility of HIV testing as a means of promoting behavioural
change. This study examined the relationship between HIV
antibody testing and subsequent high-risk sexual behaviours
among gay men in cities of 180,000 or fewer inhabitants. In
February and March of 1992, male gay bar patrons in sixteen
small US cities were administered an anonymous questionnaire
concerning recent sexual behaviour and HIV testing history.
Of the 1820 respondents, 28.1% had recently engaged in
unprotected anal intercourse and 60.7% had been tested for
HIV antibodies. Those who had been tested were more sexually
active and reported more protected and safer sexual
activities. Analyses at the individual and city levels
converged to demonstrate that communities as well as
individuals evidence increased self-protection in
association with HIV antibody testing.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/09540129550126362},
Key = {fds90817}
}
@article{fds253960,
Author = {KELLY, JA and KALICHMAN, SC and SIKKEMA, KJ and MURPHY,
DA},
Title = {ON THE NEW CALL FOR HIV PREVENTION RESEARCH -
REPLY},
Journal = {American Psychologist},
Volume = {49},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1094-1094},
Publisher = {AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-066X},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994PW53600019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds253960}
}
@article{fds253973,
Author = {Perry, MJ and Solomon, LJ and Winett, RA and Kelly, JA and Roffman, RA and Desiderato, LL and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Norman, AD and Short, B},
Title = {High risk sexual behavior and alcohol consumption among
bar-going gay men.},
Journal = {Aids},
Volume = {8},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1321-1324},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0269-9370},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7802987},
Keywords = {Adult • Alcohol Drinking* • HIV Infections •
Homosexuality, Male* • Humans • Male •
Questionnaires • Risk-Taking • Sexual Behavior*
• United States • prevention & control •
psychology* • transmission},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES:To determine whether alcohol use prior to sexual
behavior influenced the occurrence of unprotected anal
intercourse among bar-going gay men. METHODS:Anonymous AIDS
behavioral risk surveys were administered to men entering
gay bars in 16 cities on three nights in February 1993 in
six states in the United States. RESULTS:Of the 1519 men who
completed the survey, 85% were current alcohol drinkers. Men
who had unprotected anal intercourse after consuming alcohol
drank more and reported more incidents of unprotected anal
intercourse than men who had unprotected anal intercourse
but not after drinking. Overall, unprotected anal
intercourse occurred less frequently after alcohol
consumption than without prior consumption. CONCLUSIONS:This
study found that heavy alcohol use and frequent high-risk
sexual behavior occurred among the same individuals.
However, we found no evidence for a causal link between
alcohol use and unprotected sexual behavior in this sample
of bar-going gay men.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00002030-199409000-00016},
Key = {fds253973}
}
@article{fds253974,
Author = {Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Psychological sequelae of HIV infection and AIDS: Review of
empirical findings},
Journal = {Clinical Psychology Review},
Volume = {14},
Number = {7},
Pages = {611-632},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0272-7358},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7358(94)90001-9},
Abstract = {We review empirical studies that describe and explain the
psychological sequelae of HIV infection. Following a brief
discussion of methodological issues concerning this
literature, studies of the psychological dimensions of HIV
and AIDS are reviewed. Research shows that a wide-range of
psychological distress reactions are associated with HIV
infection. Depression appears to be prevalent in the early
phases of HIV disease, subsiding during asymptomatic
periods, and recurring with the onset of HIV-related illness
symptoms. Depression is also complicated by frequency of
bereavement from AIDS-related deaths. Suicide risk is high
and follows a pattern similar to depression during the
course of the disease. Anxiety and somatization are also
prevalent among HIV infected persons. Unfortunately, anger
and guilt, two important emotional reactions, have been
extremely under-studied. The empirical literature leads to
several practical implications for psychological
consultation, assessment, and therapy for persons with HIV
infection. © 1994.},
Doi = {10.1016/0272-7358(94)90001-9},
Key = {fds253974}
}
@article{fds253975,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Kalichman, SC and Sikkema, KJ and Murphy,
DA},
Title = {Kelly et al. Reply},
Journal = {American Psychologist},
Volume = {49},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1094},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-066X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.49.12.1094.a},
Doi = {10.1037/0003-066x.49.12.1094.a},
Key = {fds253975}
}
@article{fds253972,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Murphy, DA and Sikkema, KJ and Kalichman,
SC},
Title = {Psychological interventions to prevent HIV infection are
urgently needed. New priorities for behavioral research in
the second decade of AIDS.},
Journal = {American Psychologist},
Volume = {48},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1023-1034},
Year = {1993},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-066X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8256875},
Keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • HIV Infections
• Health Behavior* • Health Education* •
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice • Humans •
Risk Factors • prevention & control* • psychology
• transmission},
Abstract = {Behavior change remains the only means for primary
prevention of HIV disease. Psychology should take a leading
role in efforts to curtail the epidemic, but has not
contributed to HIV prevention at a level proportionate to
the urgency of the crisis. The authors propose an updated
agenda for behavioral research on AIDS-HIV prevention
implementing accelerated community trials of promising
behavior change models, conducting trials of community-level
interventions on a large scale and focused on populations
most vulnerable to HIV infections, establishing partnerships
between HIV research and community service organizations,
integrating efforts from across psychology disciplines to
advance and refine HIV prevention interventions, and
mobilizing interdisciplinary HIV prevention resources and
communication mechanisms to rapidly translate research
findings to community and public policy arenas.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037//0003-066x.48.10.1023},
Key = {fds253972}
}
@article{fds253970,
Author = {Kelly, JA and Murphy, DA and Roffman, RA and Solomon, LJ and Winett, RA and Stevenson, LY and Koob, JJ and Ayotte, DR and Flynn, BS and Desiderato,
LL},
Title = {Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency
virus risk behavior among gay men in small cities. Findings
of a 16-city national sample.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {152},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2293-2297},
Year = {1992},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1992.00400230101017},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Most research on acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome has been conducted in several of the country's
largest cities, and little is known about the current level
of human immunodeficiency virus risk taking among gay men in
other geographical areas. The purpose of this study was to
determine the frequency of risk behavior practices among gay
men in smaller communities. METHOD: A large sample of men
who patronized gay bars in 16 small and moderate-size cities
drawn from six states in four different regions of the
country was surveyed to determine the frequency of high-risk
behavior and factors influencing risk taking. Eighty-five
percent of men in all cities' bars completed all survey
measures. The community samples were 1991 men; mean age,
31.3 years; mean education, 10.6 years; 90% were white and
10% were of other ethnicities. All participants provided
detailed information on their sexual behavior practices over
the preceding 2 months and completed measures assessing
their perceived peer norms concerning safer sex practices
and risk avoidance, intentions to avoid risk, personal risk
estimation, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome risk
knowledge, perceived threat of acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus, and serostatus
testing history. RESULTS: High-risk patterns were still
common among gay men in these smaller cities; nearly one
third of all men had engaged in unprotected anal intercourse
an average of eight times in the past 2 months, usually
outside monogamous relationships. High-risk behavior was
most strongly associated with beliefs that safer sex
practices would not be well accepted by peers, weak
intentions to use condoms, underestimation of personal
vulnerability to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,
younger age, and higher levels of overall sexual activity.
Nine percent of men tested said they were seropositive.
CONCLUSIONS: Growing human immunodeficiency virus prevalence
and continued high rates of risk behavior indicate that a
new "front line" for human immunodeficiency virus prevention
among homosexually active men has shifted to the country's
smaller cities. Community prevention efforts in these areas
are urgently needed to avert sharp increases in future human
immunodeficiency virus infections in this
population.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.1992.00400230101017},
Key = {fds253970}
}
@article{fds287957,
Author = {Winett, RA and Anderson, ES and Moore, JF and Sikkema, KJ and Hook, RJ and Webster, DA and Taylor, CD and Dalton, JE and Ollendick, TH and Eisler,
RM},
Title = {Family/media approach to HIV prevention: results with a
home-based, parent-teen video program.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {203-206},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1618175},
Abstract = {We describe the first study with a home-based HIV prevention
video program for parents and young teenagers. The
objectives of the program are to inform parents and
teenagers about the causes and prevention of HIV infection
and other sexually transmitted diseases, to increase family
problem-solving skills, and to increase teen problem-solving
and assertiveness skills. The objectives pertain to the
goals of increasing skills needed to help teenagers avoid or
manage high-risk behaviors and situations. Forty-five
families with at least one 12- to 14-year-old were randomly
assigned to either experimental (receive video program) or
control (no video) conditions in a pretest-posttest design.
After 6 months (Follow-Up 1), the experimental and control
families were reassessed. The control families next received
the video program, and the control families were assessed
again (Follow-Up 2). The results indicate increases in
parent and teen knowledge and skills only with video
viewing. Approaches to improving the video program,
particularly with teenagers, are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.11.3.203},
Key = {fds287957}
}
%% Books
@book{fds253892,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ and Kochman, A and van den Berg, JJ and Hansen, NB and Watt,
MH},
Title = {LIFT: Living in the face of trauma - An intervention for
coping with HIV and trauma},
Publisher = {Duke University},
Year = {2009},
Key = {fds253892}
}
%% Other
@misc{fds303807,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Assessment and treatment of depression in HIV disease,
Review of HIV and Depression: Context and
Care},
Journal = {Contemporary Psychology: a Journal of Reviews},
Volume = {49},
Pages = {58-59},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0010-7549},
Key = {fds303807}
}
@misc{fds253901,
Author = {Sikkema, KJ},
Title = {Review of AIDS: Sexual Behavior and Intravenous Drug
Use},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a Publication of the Society
of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {12},
Pages = {86-87},
Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1532-4796},
Key = {fds253901}
}
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