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Publications of Warren G. Hall    :chronological  alphabetical  combined listing:

%% Journal Articles   
@article{fds12117,
   Author = {Due, D.L. and Huettel, S.A. and W.G. and Rubin,
             D.C.},
   Title = {Activation in Mesolimbic and Visuospatial Neural Circuits
             Elicited by Smoking Cues: Evidence from Functional Magnetic
             Resonance Imaging},
   Journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry},
   Volume = {159},
   Pages = {954-960},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds12117}
}

@article{fds251882,
   Author = {Changizi, MA and McGeHee, R and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Appetitive Responses to Dehydration and Food-Deprivation are
             Learned},
   Journal = {Psychological Behavior},
   Volume = {75},
   Pages = {295-304},
   Year = {2002},
   Key = {fds251882}
}

@article{fds251880,
   Author = {Changizi, MA and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Thirst modulates a perception.},
   Journal = {Perception},
   Volume = {30},
   Number = {12},
   Pages = {1489-1497},
   Year = {2001},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0301-0066},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11817755},
   Abstract = {Does thirst make you more likely to think you see water?
             Tales of thirsty desert travelers and oasis mirages are
             consistent with our intuitions that appetitive state can
             influence what we see in the world. Yet there has been
             surprisingly little scrutiny of this appetitive modulation
             of perception. We tested whether dehydrated subjects would
             be biased towards perceptions of transparency, a common
             property of water. We found that thirsty subjects have a
             greater tendency to perceive transparency in ambiguous
             stimuli, revealing an ecologically appropriate modulation of
             the visual system by a basic appetitive motive.},
   Doi = {10.1068/p3266},
   Key = {fds251880}
}

@article{fds251881,
   Author = {Myers, KP and Hal, WG},
   Title = {Experience with Drinking While Dehydrated is Required for
             Weanling Rats to Acquire an Appetitive Response to Cellular
             Dehydration},
   Journal = {Development Psychobiology},
   Volume = {38},
   Pages = {145-153},
   Year = {2001},
   Key = {fds251881}
}

@article{fds251878,
   Author = {Coyle, S and Arnold, HM and Goldberg-Arnold, JS and Rubin, DC and Hall,
             WG},
   Title = {Olfactory conditioning facilitates diet transition in human
             infants.},
   Volume = {37},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {144-152},
   Publisher = {Wiley},
   Year = {2000},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11044862},
   Abstract = {We evaluated whether Pavlovian conditioning methods could be
             used to increase the ingestion of non-preferred solutions by
             formula-fed human infants. In baseline measures, 5-7 month
             old infants sucked less frequently and consumed less water
             than regular formula. During a 3-day olfactory conditioning
             period, parents placed a small scented disk, the conditioned
             stimulus, on the rim of their infants' formula bottle at
             every feeding. Following this training, infants' responses
             to water were tested when their water bottles had a disk
             scented with the training odor, a novel odor, or no odor.
             Infants tested with the training odor sucked more frequently
             and consumed significantly more water than they had at
             baseline. Infants tested with no odor or a novel odor
             consumed water at or below baseline levels. These data
             demonstrate that olfactory conditioning can be used to
             enhance ingestion in infants and suggest that such methods
             may be useful for infants experiencing difficulty when
             making transitions from one diet to another.},
   Doi = {10.1002/1098-2302(200011)37:3<144::aid-dev3>3.0.co;2-z},
   Key = {fds251878}
}

@article{fds251877,
   Author = {Myers, KP and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Conditioned changes in appetitive and consummatory responses
             to flavors paired with oral or nutrient reinforcement among
             adult rats.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {68},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {603-610},
   Year = {2000},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764888},
   Abstract = {Recent studies of the behavioral organization of conditioned
             flavor preferences have suggested the involvement of at
             least two separate learning systems-an appetitive response
             system sensitive to the oral hedonic properties of the
             reinforcer, and a consummatory response system sensitive to
             its nutrient properties. However, these prior studies were
             conducted with weanling rats, that differ from adults in
             terms of their prior experience with food, their learning
             competencies, and the peculiar ontogenetic constraints on
             their behavior. It is, therefore, unknown whether flavor
             preference behaviors are similarly organized in adult rats.
             In this experiment, adult rats were trained to associate a
             specific CS flavor with either the sweet taste or the
             postingestive nutrient effects of sucrose. Conditioned
             appetitive orienting and consummatory oral responding to the
             CS flavors were then measured. Unlike weanling rats, adult
             rats exhibited both conditioned appetitive behavior and
             conditioned consummatory behavior in response a CS that was
             previously paired with either oral hedonic or nutrient
             reinforcement. These results suggest a set of important
             developmental changes in the neurobehavioral mechanisms of
             flavor preference learning in the postweaning
             period.},
   Doi = {10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00209-7},
   Key = {fds251877}
}

@article{fds251879,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Arnold, HM and Myers, KP},
   Title = {The acquisition of an appetite.},
   Journal = {Psychological science},
   Volume = {11},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {101-105},
   Year = {2000},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0956-7976},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11273415},
   Abstract = {Unlike older animals, weanling-age rats do not seek water to
             drink when they are dehydrated, despite the fact that a
             physiological sensitivity to dehydration is present very
             soon after birth. We demonstrate here that the appetitive
             behaviors needed to approach and obtain water become linked
             to dehydration only as a result of specific postnatal
             learning experience. Preventing early experience with
             dehydration retards the developmental emergence of
             dehydration-induced, water-oriented behavior in young rats.
             But a single pairing of water with dehydration can establish
             an appetitive response. These findings reveal a critical
             role of early learning in the development of goal-oriented
             behavior. Such a learning process is potentially
             characteristic of other behavioral systems, from the most
             basic appetites to complex motives.},
   Doi = {10.1111/1467-9280.00223},
   Key = {fds251879}
}

@article{fds251811,
   Author = {Myers, KP and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Evidence that oral and nutrient reinforcers differentially
             condition appetitive and consummatory responses to
             flavors.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {64},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {493-500},
   Year = {1998},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9761223},
   Abstract = {Rats tend to increase their intake of a flavor that has
             previously been paired with either sweet taste or with
             caloric repletion. However, it is unclear whether such a
             change in intake is caused by changes in appetitive
             behaviors such as orienting and approach, or changes in
             consummatory behaviors and oral responsiveness. Also, it is
             unclear whether oral reinforcers (sweetness) and
             postingestive reinforcers (nutrients) lead to the same kinds
             of behavioral change. In the current experiments, weanling
             rats with oral and gastric cannulas repeatedly experienced a
             flavor paired with either sweetness, high caloric density,
             or neither. Rats were then tested for differences in
             appetitive olfactory orienting and consummatory oral
             responsiveness elicited by the flavor. Results suggest that
             oral reinforcement (sweetness) produces conditioning of
             appetitive responding to the flavor, while postingestive
             reinforcement produces conditioning of consummatory
             responding. A second experiment indicates that these
             behavioral changes are specific increases in responsiveness
             conditioned by flavor + unconditioned stimulus (US) pairing,
             and are unlikely to be nonspecific effects of daily
             unconditioned stimulus exposure.},
   Doi = {10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00106-1},
   Key = {fds251811}
}

@article{fds251812,
   Author = {Swithers, SE and Westneat, MW and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Electromyographic analysis of oral habituation in rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {63},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {197-203},
   Year = {1998},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1998YK64800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Rat pups show decreases in mouthing activity in response to
             a series of repeated oral infusions of a diet. This decrease
             in mouthing activity has been termed "oral habituation" and
             these changes have been readily recorded with simple
             behavioral observations. Oral habituation appears to be a
             component of satiety in young rats. In the present study, to
             more specifically characterize changes in motor response
             topography during habituation in muscle groups used for
             mastication, mouthing activity was recorded by implanting
             fine wire electromyographic electrodes in the superficial
             masseter, anterior digastric, sternohyoideus, and
             genioglossus muscles of 12-day-old rat pups. During testing,
             pups received a series of brief oral infusions of a 10%
             sucrose diet delivered through an oral cannula. The results
             demonstrated that mouthing activity as observed and scored
             behaviorally was highly correlated with mouthing behavior
             recorded by EMG, with oral habituation distinctly emerging
             in both measures. In addition, the pattern of motor activity
             in the four masticatory muscles changed during the course of
             oral habituation. Within the minute following a single
             infusion, the cycle frequency, duration of activity, and
             relative onset time of activity in the four muscles changed.
             In addition, across the course of habituation, both cycle
             frequency and relative onset times of muscle activity
             changed. These results demonstrate the general reliability
             of behavioral observations of masticatory motor activity in
             young rats and provide further information on how the
             pattern of activity of muscles involved in the mouthing
             motor pattern is altered during the course of oral
             habituation.},
   Doi = {10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00421-6},
   Key = {fds251812}
}

@article{fds251813,
   Author = {Myers, K and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Sensitization of ingestive responding and activity in
             developing rats},
   Journal = {Behav. Neurosci.},
   Volume = {111},
   Pages = {413-423},
   Year = {1997},
   Key = {fds251813}
}

@article{fds251814,
   Author = {Kucharski, D and Arnold, HM and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Unilateral conditioning of an odor aversion in 6-day-old rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {109},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {563-566},
   Year = {1995},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1995RC29600019&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {In young rats, several forms of olfactory memory can be
             functionally localized to one side of the brain by
             restricting training stimuli to one naris and corresponding
             olfactory bulb. In the experiment, the analysis of
             lateralized olfactory learning in 6-day-old rat pups was
             extended by an evaluation of the consequences of aversive
             reinforcers in a unilateral olfactory conditioning paradigm.
             An olfactory aversion was conditioned by delivering a mild
             footshock to animals in the presence of a novel odor.
             Olfactory stimulation was confined to one naris and
             corresponding olfactory bulb by inserting a soft rubber plug
             into the opposite naris. This lateralization in processing
             resulted in unilateral memory for the odor aversion that was
             only expressed when the trained naris was open during an
             odor preference test. The hypothesis that the hedonic value
             (or valence) component of conditioning is represented in
             structures that are unilaterally accessed during training
             and testing is discussed.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.109.3.563},
   Key = {fds251814}
}

@article{fds251815,
   Author = {Swithers, SE and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Does oral experience terminate ingestion?},
   Journal = {Appetite},
   Volume = {23},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {113-138},
   Year = {1994},
   Month = {October},
   ISSN = {0195-6663},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7864607},
   Abstract = {Using data from studies of ingestive behavior in developing
             rat pups we demonstrate how oral experience can contribute
             to the termination of ingestion. In rat pups, repeated oral
             stimulation with sweet solutions causes a decline in oral
             responsiveness. The diminished responsiveness is specific to
             the flavor of the stimulus experienced orally and can
             persist for several hours. We suggest that this
             experience-based decrement in responsiveness is best
             considered "oral habituation" and that oral habituation
             largely accounts for the onset of satiety. Post-ingestive
             feedback signals may have their influence through the oral
             habituation process or act in the context of oral
             habituation. Oral habituation is also shown to depend on the
             pattern of stimulus presentation, a phenomenon that adds
             considerable complexity to assessing the contributions of
             oral experience to satiety. The concept of oral habituation
             may be useful in understanding the immediate control of
             ingestion and the moment-to-moment expression of ingestive
             behavior in adult animals.},
   Doi = {10.1006/appe.1994.1041},
   Key = {fds251815}
}

@article{fds251816,
   Author = {Swithers-Mulvey, SE and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Integration of oral habituation and gastric signals in
             decerebrate rat pups.},
   Journal = {The American journal of physiology},
   Volume = {265},
   Number = {1 Pt 2},
   Pages = {R216-R219},
   Year = {1993},
   Month = {July},
   ISSN = {0002-9513},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8342690},
   Abstract = {During a series of oral infusions of a sweet solution, the
             ingestive responses of young rat pups habituate; pups stop
             responding to the infusions even when their stomachs are
             empty and the infused diet is nonnutritive. The rate of this
             oral habituation is enhanced by the addition of gastric fill
             signals, even in decerebrate pups. In intact but not in
             decerebrate pups, prior deprivation gates out the influence
             of gastric fill on habituation. This oral habituation
             system, responsive to multiple ingestion-related signals,
             may serve as the elemental process that integrates
             physiological state with ongoing behavior to control
             ingestion.},
   Doi = {10.1152/ajpregu.1993.265.1.r216},
   Key = {fds251816}
}

@article{fds251817,
   Author = {Warwick, ZS and Hall, WG and Pappas, TN and Schiffman,
             SS},
   Title = {Taste and smell sensations enhance the satiating effect of
             both a high-carbohydrate and a high-fat meal in
             humans.},
   Journal = {Physiol Behav},
   Volume = {53},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {553-563},
   Year = {1993},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8451323},
   Abstract = {The effects of meal sensory properties (tasty vs. bland) and
             nutrient composition [high-CHO (carbohydrate) vs. high-FAT]
             on hunger ratings, blood glucose and free fatty acids (FFA),
             taste perception, and subsequent food intake, were studied
             in human subjects. Aspartame and vanilla were used to
             augment meal palatability, yielding four isocaloric liquid
             meals: bland-FAT, tasty-FAT, bland-CHO, tasty-CHO.
             Normal-weight, nondieting young adults consumed each of the
             meals for breakfast on separate days. The main finding was
             that tasty versions of high-FAT and high-CHO meals were more
             satiating than nutritionally identical bland meals, as
             indicated by a greater decrease in hunger ratings following
             the tasty meals. Changes in blood glucose and FFA were
             related to meal nutrient composition, but not to meal
             sensory properties. High-CHO meals tended to be more
             satiating than high-FAT meals. Consumption of each of the
             meals produced a similar decrease in pleasantness ratings of
             food-related tastes. Intake of carbohydrates was
             significantly higher at a self-selected lunch 5.25 h
             following a tasty breakfast. These findings indicate that
             hunger is decreased to a greater extent by meals flavored
             with aspartame and vanilla relative to nutritionally
             identical, unflavored meals. The satiety-enhancing effect of
             oral stimulation was found for both high-FAT and high-CHO
             meals.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(93)90153-7},
   Key = {fds251817}
}

@article{fds251818,
   Author = {Swithers-Mulvey, SE and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Control of ingestion by oral habituation in rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {106},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {710-717},
   Year = {1992},
   Month = {August},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1503662},
   Abstract = {The role of habituation of mouthing activity in the control
             of ingestion was investigated in 6-, 12-, and 18-day-old rat
             pups. In pups at all ages, oral habituation to a flavored
             diet inhibited ingestion of a continuous oral infusion of
             that same diet. Twelve-day-old pups that had orally
             habituated to a diet continued to consume less of a
             continuous oral infusion of that diet both 30 min and 3 hr
             later, and the duration of suppressed ingestion was shown to
             be dependent on the rate of stimulus presentation during
             habituation experience. These data suggest that oral
             habituation may be a diet-specific influence on both intra-
             and intermeal patterning.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.106.4.710},
   Key = {fds251818}
}

@article{fds251822,
   Author = {Westneat, MW and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Ontogeny of feeding motor patterns in infant rats: an
             electromyographic analysis of suckling and
             chewing.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {106},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {539-554},
   Year = {1992},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1616619},
   Abstract = {During mammalian ontogeny, there is a transition from
             suckling to the chewing of food. The question was asked: Is
             suckling a neuromuscular precursor to chewing, or are
             suckling and chewing independent systems? Electromyograms
             (EMGs) were recorded in rat pups of ages 6, 9, 12, 15, 18,
             and 21 days from the superficial masseter, anterior
             digastric, sternohyoideus, and genioglossus muscles during
             suckling and chewing. The EMG patterns of the 3 components
             of suckling behavior (nipple attachment, rhythmic sucking
             and the stretch response) are distinctive from one another
             and reflect the musculoskeletal biomechanics of suckling.
             Chewing EMGs are present by 12 days of age and attain the
             adult pattern by 18-21 days of age. During nipple
             attachment, pups exhibit a motor pattern that is similar to
             that of adult chewing, but other aspects of suckling differ
             from chewing in some EMG features. Comparison of EMGs
             between behaviors and between ages allowed interpretation of
             the degree of contunity of muscular activity across the
             suckling-to-chewing transition.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.106.3.539},
   Key = {fds251822}
}

@article{fds251820,
   Author = {Swithers-Mulvey, SE and Mishu, KR and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Oral habituation in rat pups is in the brainstem.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {51},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {639-642},
   Year = {1992},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1523239},
   Abstract = {We have previously demonstrated a decremental, oral,
             experienced-based control of ingestion in rat pups that is
             potent, diet-specific, and long lasting. This control of
             ingestion is revealed in the decreases in mouthing responses
             of rat pups to repeated oral stimulation, a phenomenon that
             is well described as oral habituation. The present study
             examined the neural basis for oral habituation by examining
             the responses of decerebrate 10-day-old rat pups to
             repeated, brief infusions of a sucrose solution. Like
             neurologically intact pups, decerebrate pups showed distinct
             decreases in mouthing responses following a series of oral
             infusions. Thus, oral habituation is present in the
             hindbrain. Although intact pups demonstrated sensitization
             by showing increased responding to the first few stimulus
             presentations, decerebrates failed to show a sensitization
             to the stimulation. These results suggest that while the
             brainstem alone is sufficient for the expression of oral
             habituation, the forebrain also influences oral responsivity
             in intact animals.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(92)90189-9},
   Key = {fds251820}
}

@article{fds251819,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Swithers-Mulvey, SE},
   Title = {Developmental strategies in the analysis of ingestive
             behavior.},
   Journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
   Volume = {662},
   Pages = {1-15},
   Year = {1992},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0077-8923},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1456634},
   Doi = {10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb22851.x},
   Key = {fds251819}
}

@article{fds251821,
   Author = {Phifer, CB and Denzinger, A and Hall, WG},
   Title = {The early presence of food-oriented appetitive behavior in
             developing rats.},
   Journal = {Developmental psychobiology},
   Volume = {24},
   Number = {7},
   Pages = {453-461},
   Year = {1991},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1797591},
   Abstract = {The appetitive behavior of 3- to 6-day-old rat pups was
             studied by testing their ability to direct their ingestive
             behavior to a restricted food source. We found that, from 3
             days of age, pups were able to feed efficiently from such a
             source. More specifically, pups that were deprived of
             nutrition but not of maternal care as well as pups that were
             dehydrated ingested significantly more than nondeprived
             animals, and did so whether liquid diet was spread over the
             entire floor surface beneath them or restricted to a
             fraction of the floor surface. However, pups that had been
             nutritionally and maternally deprived were not able to
             direct their feeding. The general locomotor activation of
             pups in this latter group appeared to interfere with their
             ability to direct their behavior to the restricted source.
             These results indicate that from early ages, developing rats
             possess the appetitive competence to guide their behavior
             and suggest that previous findings of poorly directed
             behavior were a confound of the behavioral activation shown
             by pups tested in a state of maternal deprivation.},
   Doi = {10.1002/dev.420240702},
   Key = {fds251821}
}

@article{fds251824,
   Author = {Swithers-Mulvey, SE and Miller, GL and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Habituation of oromotor responding to oral infusions in rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Appetite},
   Volume = {17},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {55-67},
   Year = {1991},
   Month = {August},
   ISSN = {0195-6663},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1952916},
   Abstract = {The influence of oromotor experience on the pattern of
             ingestion in rat pups and the relation of this influence to
             age and pups' physiological state were investigated using a
             procedure designed to mimic the sham-feeding preparation in
             adult rats. Six-, 12-, and 18-day-old pups received brief
             intra-oral infusions of sucrose solutions once every minute.
             Small infusion volumes minimized postoral effects. Pups'
             oromotor responsiveness was assessed by recording the
             pattern of mouthing behavior continuously during the test.
             Pups were tested after 24, 6 or 0 h deprivation. During
             testing, the mouthing behavior of all pups except 24-hr
             deprived 6-day olds showed a marked decline. The specificity
             of this decrement was demonstrated in a second experiment in
             which the decremented response was restored by a switch in
             solution flavor. Finally, the influence of postoral signals
             on the decline in responsiveness was evaluated by comparing
             the oral responsiveness of 18-day-old pups following
             intragastric, oral, or no infusions. Oral infusions
             suppressed subsequent oral responding, but intragastric
             infusions did not. These results provide evidence for a
             habituation-like role of oromotor experience in determining
             patterns of ingestive behavior within a feeding test. Here,
             major determinants of the pattern of decline were pups'
             physiological state and developmental age.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0195-6663(91)90084-6},
   Key = {fds251824}
}

@article{fds251825,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Swithers-Mulvey, SE and Agrawal, CM and Burka, NR and Horner, J and Menacherry, S},
   Title = {Analysis of 2-DG autoradiograms using image-averaging and
             image-differencing procedures for systems-level description
             of neurobehavioral function.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {50},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {109-119},
   Year = {1991},
   Month = {July},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1946702},
   Abstract = {Computer assisted 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiography has
             been used to provide functional maps of areas of altered
             neural activity related to changes in an animal's behavior
             or state. The standard procedure for comparison of
             autoradiograms between different treatment groups has been
             to take measurement samples from predefined neuroanatomical
             regions and to average these across brains to attain
             statistical sensitivity for detecting treatment effects.
             Unfortunately, when sampling is restricted to predefined
             areas, important topographic information is lost along with
             the ability to reveal an unexpected change in neural
             activity. To preserve the rich topographical detail of
             metabolic information and to enhance the capacity to uncover
             novel areas of altered metabolic activity, we have developed
             a system for averaging entire images from 2-DG
             autoradiograms and for comparing the average images from two
             experimental groups by creating an image of differences.
             This procedure does not rely on sampling only preselected
             regions, but still allows statistical comparisons between
             experimental groups. The procedures we describe can be
             readily and inexpensively adapted for use in individual
             laboratories and are based on modifications of preexisting
             image analysis software. We show that, when average and
             difference images are created using standardized protocols
             for sectioning brain tissue and editing section images, they
             are impressively resolved and realistic and can serve as
             effective topographic descriptions of group differences in
             neural activity of functional and behavioral
             relevance.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(91)90506-j},
   Key = {fds251825}
}

@article{fds251826,
   Author = {Phifer, CB and Ladd, MD and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Effects of hydrational state on ingestion in infant rats: is
             dehydration the only ingestive stimulus?},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {49},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {695-699},
   Year = {1991},
   Month = {April},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1991FL39200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {The physiological stimulus for deprivation-enhanced
             ingestion was studied in developing rats. During an
             overnight deprivation period, continuous gastric infusions
             of isotonic saline or milk were made to 6- and 15-day-old
             rat pups in order to preferentially maintain hydrational or
             hydrational and nutritional status, respectively. Pups'
             ingestion was then studied in oral-infusion tests. In
             6-day-old pups that received either milk or saline
             infusions, ingestion was depressed relative to intake in
             pups that were simply deprived. But in 15-day-old pups, only
             milk infusions reduced intake. These findings suggest that
             the increased ingestion stimulated by deprivation in pups
             less than a week of age results primarily from dehydration,
             and thus that nutrient-related feeding does not emerge until
             later in development.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(91)90304-7},
   Key = {fds251826}
}

@article{fds251823,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Swithers Mulvey and SE},
   Title = {On Rowland's "When is a (sham) drink a (sham) feed?" and
             Midkiff's response},
   Journal = {SSIBlings},
   Volume = {4},
   Pages = {6},
   Year = {1991},
   Key = {fds251823}
}

@article{fds251827,
   Author = {King, C and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Developmental change in unilateral olfactory habituation is
             mediated by anterior commissure maturation.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {104},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {796-807},
   Year = {1990},
   Month = {October},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2244986},
   Abstract = {Habituation of an orienting response in rat pups was used to
             study the development of the anterior commissure (AC) and
             its role in olfactory memory. Six- and 12-day-old pups
             received odor presentations to one side of their olfactory
             system and were tested later for habituation to additional
             presentations made to either the trained or untrained side.
             Six-day-old pups remembered only on the trained side.
             Twelve-day-old pups remembered when tested on either side.
             Transection of the AC in 12-day-old pups before, but not
             after, training prevented the transfer of memory. Thus,
             between 6 and 12 days of age, olfactory cross-projections
             carried in the AC mature and provide a functional substrate
             for transfer, at the time of training, of a form of
             olfactory learning.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.104.5.796},
   Key = {fds251827}
}

@article{fds251828,
   Author = {Kucharski, D and Burka, N and Hall, WG},
   Title = {The anterior limb of the anterior commissure is an access
             route to contralateral stored olfactory preference
             memories},
   Journal = {Psychobiology},
   Volume = {18},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {195-204},
   Year = {1990},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0889-6313},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1990DJ94700003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Young rats learn to prefer novel odors that have been paired
             with reinforcers. Memories for such preference learning can
             be confined to one side of the olfactory system by blocking
             the contralateral naris during odor-reinforcer training.
             These memories can be accessed only from the trained naris
             in 6-day-old pups. But in pups 12 days of age and older,
             these memories, which are still stored only on one side, can
             be accessed from either the trained or the untrained naris.
             The ability of 12-day-olds to access unilaterally stored
             memories from the untrained side of the olfactory system
             permitted us to further explore the locations of olfactory
             memories and the routes of access to these memories. We
             report here that when preference memories were tested from
             the untrained side after selective fiber-tract transections
             on the trained side: (1) transection of the anterior limb of
             the anterior commissure at various rostral-caudal levels
             prevented retrieval of odor memories; (2) transection of the
             posterior limb did not disrupt memory access; and (3)
             transection of the olfactory peduncle on the trained side,
             thereby removing the contribution of the trained olfactory
             bulb, did not eliminate access to odor-preference memories.
             These findings suggest that access to contralateral
             olfactory memories is subserved by the anterior limb of the
             anterior commissure, probably through access to its most
             distal projections to the anterior olfactory nucleus and the
             anterior piriform cortex, and that retrieval of preference
             memories does not require access to the trained olfactory
             bulb. © 1990, Psychonomic Society, Inc.. All rights
             reserved.},
   Doi = {10.3758/BF03327227},
   Key = {fds251828}
}

@article{fds251829,
   Author = {Swithers, SE and Hall, WG},
   Title = {A nutritive control of independent ingestion in rat pups
             emerges by nine days of age.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {46},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {873-879},
   Year = {1989},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2516909},
   Abstract = {The emergence of controls of independent ingestion in rat
             pups was studied using nutritive (0.6 M glucose in saline or
             water) and vehicle gastric preloads. Two hours after
             preloading, ingestive responses were assessed in a 30-minute
             test of feeding from the floor. In 6-day-olds, all preloads
             had similar effects on consumption of a milk diet. In
             9-day-olds, however, glucose-water preloads inhibited intake
             compared to water preloads. This inhibition was secondary to
             an effect on gastric emptying. Glucose preloads also
             inhibited intake in 12- and 15-day-olds. Behavioral
             observations indicated that feeding patterns were altered in
             response to glucose preloads in 9-day-olds. These results
             provide evidence for the emergence of a nutritive,
             postgastric control of independent ingestion between 6 and 9
             days of age.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(89)90051-6},
   Key = {fds251829}
}

@article{fds251831,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {Neural systems for early independent ingestion: regional
             metabolic changes during ingestive responding and
             dehydration.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {103},
   Number = {2},
   Pages = {386-411},
   Year = {1989},
   Month = {April},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2706082},
   Abstract = {The ingestive behavior of young rodents, studied
             independently of the mother and suckling, provides a system
             for the developmental analysis of the neurobiology of
             feeding and drinking. In these experiments regional neural
             metabolic activity, as assessed by semiquantitative
             deoxyglucose (DG) autoradiography, was related to
             dehydration and ingestive behavior in 6-day-old rat pups.
             During simple ingestive responding, changes in relative DG
             uptake, representative of changes in neural metabolic
             activity, occurred primarily in hindbrain sensory and motor
             nuclei. Producing cellular dehydration resulted in activity
             changes primarily in the basal forebrain. When pups were
             dehydrated and allowed to ingest during the DG-uptake
             period, activity changes were seen in both the hindbrain and
             forebrain areas that responded to ingestion or dehydration
             alone as well as in regions that were not affected by either
             manipulation alone. These latter changes, which result from
             an interaction of behavioral and physiological stimuli, call
             attention to areas that may subserve motivational aspects of
             behavior. Extracellular dehydration was found to produce
             fewer and different forebrain responses in neural metabolic
             activity. During ingestion, the only effects of
             extracellular dehydration that overlapped with those of
             cellular dehydration appeared in circumventricular
             hypothalamic regions and brain stem motor nuclei. Thus,
             there appeared to be only a limited final common pathway for
             these two types of dehydration-induced drinking. Taken
             together, these findings in infant rats depict distributed
             neural systems subserving ingestion and responding to state
             change. They provide a starting point early in ontogeny for
             the developmental analysis of neural substrates of ingestive
             systems.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.103.2.386},
   Key = {fds251831}
}

@article{fds251830,
   Author = {Saperstein, LA and Kucharski, D and Stanton, ME and Hall,
             WG},
   Title = {Developmental change in reversal learning of an olfactory
             discrimination},
   Journal = {Psychobiology},
   Volume = {17},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {293-299},
   Publisher = {Springer Nature},
   Year = {1989},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0889-6313},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1989AQ58800013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {We examined developmental changes in the reversal of a
             learned discrimination in an olfactory conditioning paradigm
             in three experiments. Preweanling rats were exposed to an
             odor (CS+) paired with footshock and a different odor
             (CS−) that was explicitly unpaired with footshock. The
             rats were then immediately tested for their preference
             between the CS+ and CS− odors. In Experiment 1, animals
             trained at 12 or 18 days of age showed equivalent
             conditioned aversions to the CS+. When the significance of
             the cues was reversed, the younger animals showed rapid
             reversal learning; that is, their aversion to the original
             CS-I- was displaced by an aversion to the original CS−.
             However, the 18-day-old animals were slower to acquire
             discrimination reversal. In Experiment 2, a similar pattern
             of results emerged when animals were given separate
             preference tests involving the CS+ versus a novel odor, or
             the CS− versus a novel odor. In Experiment 3, intact
             18-day-old rats and 18-day-olds with damage to the septum
             and fornix showed equivalent conditioned aversions to the
             CS+. In contrast to the intact animals, however, the
             lesioned rats showed rapid reversal of the discrimination,
             which resembled that of intact 12-day-olds. Thus, there
             appears to be a dramatic change in reversal learning of
             conditioned odor aversions in rats after the second week of
             postnatal life. These data are discussed with reference to
             the role of septo-hippocampal maturation in the ontogeny of
             olfactory learning. © 1989, Psychonomic Society, Inc.. All
             rights reserved.},
   Doi = {10.1007/BF03337783},
   Key = {fds251830}
}

@article{fds251834,
   Author = {Phifer, CB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Ingestive behavior in preweanling rats: emergence of
             postgastric controls.},
   Journal = {The American journal of physiology},
   Volume = {255},
   Number = {2 Pt 2},
   Pages = {R191-R199},
   Year = {1988},
   Month = {August},
   ISSN = {0002-9513},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3407798},
   Abstract = {Previous studies have indicated that the termination of
             intake in very young rat pups is controlled almost
             exclusively by the level of gastric fill; nutritive cues
             from diet have no effect on intake. In the present series of
             experiments, we investigated the ontogeny of postgastric
             nutritive controls of intake in rat pups ingesting
             independent of their dam. In 6-day-old pups, the level of
             gastric fill required to terminate ingestion was not
             affected by the presence or absence of post-gastric
             nutritive cues, but by 15 days of age a greater level of
             gastric fill was required to stop ingestion when postgastric
             cues were eliminated by a closed pyloric noose. This
             emergent post-gastric contribution to the inhibition of
             intake in 15-day-old pups does not depend on preexisting
             gastric fill signals, as sham-feeding pups (open gastric
             fistula) with nutrients in their intestines ingested less
             than pups without intestinal nutrients. These results
             provide evidence that postgastric controls of ingestive
             behavior mature during the postnatal period and just shortly
             before they are required at weaning.},
   Doi = {10.1152/ajpregu.1988.255.2.r191},
   Key = {fds251834}
}

@article{fds251833,
   Author = {Kucharski, D and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Developmental change in the access to olfactory
             memories.},
   Journal = {Behavioral neuroscience},
   Volume = {102},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {340-348},
   Year = {1988},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0735-7044},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3395445},
   Abstract = {Memory for a learned odor preference can be functionally
             confined to one side of the brain in 6-day-old rat pups by
             preferentially stimulating a single naris and corresponding
             olfactory bulb during training. We report here that this
             form of unilateral learning is present only during the first
             postnatal week; older pups show bilateral recall of
             unilateral olfactory experience. The maturation of bilateral
             learning probably depends on the postnatal growth and
             development of olfactory commissural fibers, because
             infantlike unilateral learning and memory is reinstated when
             these commissural fibers are sectioned before training in
             older pups. Section of commissural fibers after training
             also resulted in unilateral preferences. This latter finding
             indicates that the learned odor preference of older pups
             tested with the untrained naris open depends on access to
             unilaterally stored memories on the contralateral side,
             access provided by the newly developed commissural
             projections.},
   Doi = {10.1037//0735-7044.102.3.340},
   Key = {fds251833}
}

@article{fds251832,
   Author = {Sullivan, RM and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Reinforcers in infancy: classical conditioning using
             stroking or intra-oral infusions of milk as
             UCS.},
   Journal = {Developmental psychobiology},
   Volume = {21},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {215-223},
   Year = {1988},
   Month = {April},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3371554},
   Abstract = {Six-day-old rats received 20 forward pairings of an
             odor-conditioned stimulus (CS) with one of two unconditioned
             stimuli (UCS); 1) intra-oral milk infusions or 2) stroking
             with a sable-hair brush. These UCS's produce a common
             general response of increased behavioral activity, but
             different specific behaviors. For each UCS, additional pups
             received backward pairings of the CS and UCS, random
             pairings of the CS and UCS, CS only, UCS only, or no
             stimuli. Four hours later, pups received a two-odor choice
             test to assess the development of an odor preference and a
             CS-only test to assess the acquisition of conditioned
             responding (CR). The results of the two-odor choice test
             indicated that for both UCS's only forward pairings of the
             CS and UCS resulted in an odor preference. Similarly, the
             CS-only test showed that only forward pairings of the CS and
             either UCS were effective in producing CR's; pups that
             received forward pairings exhibited increased behavioral
             activity during presentations of the CS, which is an
             unconditioned response (UCR) to both UCS's. Only the forward
             paired CS-milk UCS group exhibited increased mouthing and
             probing during the CS only test; these are UCR's that occur
             to milk infusions but infrequently to the stroking UCS.
             These results demonstrate the development of similar
             conditioned odor preferences using behaviorally activating
             UCS's, but CR's which are specific to the form of the
             UCR.},
   Doi = {10.1002/dev.420210303},
   Key = {fds251832}
}

@article{fds251835,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Hudson, R and Brake, SC},
   Title = {Terminology for use in investigations of nursing and
             suckling.},
   Journal = {Developmental psychobiology},
   Volume = {21},
   Number = {1},
   Pages = {89-91},
   Year = {1988},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3338629},
   Doi = {10.1002/dev.420210107},
   Key = {fds251835}
}

@article{fds251836,
   Author = {Kucharski, D and Hall, WG},
   Title = {New routes to early memories.},
   Journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
   Volume = {238},
   Number = {4828},
   Pages = {786-788},
   Year = {1987},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0036-8075},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672125},
   Abstract = {Stimulation of one side of the olfactory system during
             training with odor-milk pairings in neonatal rats results in
             their ability to recall an odor memory by using the trained
             but not the untrained side of the brain. In 12-day-old rats,
             olfactory learning can be recalled by stimulation of either
             the trained or untrained side. The development of bilateral
             recall reflects the maturation of olfactory commissural
             pathways that provide access to the olfactory memory stored
             on the contralateral side. Furthermore, the commissural
             pathways need not be present at the time of memory formation
             but can establish new and specific access to already
             existing olfactory memories.},
   Doi = {10.1126/science.3672125},
   Key = {fds251836}
}

@article{fds251837,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Oppenheim, RW},
   Title = {Developmental psychobiology: prenatal, perinatal, and early
             postnatal aspects of behavioral development.},
   Journal = {Annual review of psychology},
   Volume = {38},
   Pages = {91-128},
   Year = {1987},
   Month = {January},
   ISSN = {0066-4308},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987F872200005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Doi = {10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.000515},
   Key = {fds251837}
}

@article{fds251838,
   Author = {Bornstein, and H, B and Terry, and M, L and Browde, and A, J and Jr, and Assimon, and A, S and Hall, and G, W},
   Title = {Sensory and nutritional contributions to rat pup's early
             activational responses to ingestion},
   Journal = {Dev. Psychobiol.},
   Volume = {20},
   Pages = {147-163},
   Year = {1987},
   Key = {fds251838}
}

@article{fds251839,
   Author = {Kucharski, D and Johanson, IB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Unilateral olfactory conditioning in 6-day-old rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Behavioral and neural biology},
   Volume = {46},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {472-490},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0163-1047},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986F562200017&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {The potential that early olfactory learning might be
             laterally organized in the brain was investigated in
             6-day-old rats. This hypothesis is based on the finding that
             the commissural systems that subserve bilateral olfactory
             communication do not mature until the second week of
             postnatal life. Pups were trained with pairings of cedar
             odor and intraoral infusions of milk while one nostril was
             occluded. Animals expressed a conditioned orientation
             towards cedar if tested with the trained nostril open. No
             such conditioning was observed if the untrained nostril was
             open during testing. Further, when individual pups received
             cedar odor/milk pairings with one nostril open and orange
             odor/milk pairings with the other open, they expressed a
             conditioned preference for orange when tested with the
             orange-trained nostril open, and a preference for cedar when
             tested with the cedar-trained nostril open. Classically
             conditioned oral responses (mouthing) also appeared to be
             lateralized. However, no such unilateral conditioning
             occurred with respect to behavioral activation, which is
             also conditioned in this paradigm. Increases in activity to
             the odor CS were observed regardless of whether the trained
             or untrained nostril was open during testing. These results
             suggest that in developing rodents, olfactory memories may
             be partly represented in structures that can be unilaterally
             accessed during training and testing. They provide a
             starting point for isolation of neural substrates of the
             olfactory conditioning process.},
   Doi = {10.1016/s0163-1047(86)90506-6},
   Key = {fds251839}
}

@article{fds251840,
   Author = {Phifer, CB and Browde, JA and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Ontogeny of glucose inhibition of independent ingestion in
             preweanling rats.},
   Journal = {Brain research bulletin},
   Volume = {17},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {673-679},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {November},
   ISSN = {0361-9230},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986F071900009&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Rat pups that have been maternally and nutritionally
             deprived will vigorously ingest diet infused directly into
             the mouth. The development of nutritive controls in this
             form of ingestion was examined by administering nutritive
             and non-nutritive gastric preloads to 6- and 15-day-old
             pups. In 6 day-old pups, nutritive gastric preloads (0.6 M
             glucose in distilled H2O or saline) and vehicle preloads
             were followed by similar intakes; only the change in
             hydrational state caused by distilled H2O loads appeared to
             affect intake. By 15 days of age, intake following nutritive
             preloads was less than intake following non-nutritive
             preloads. Also, at 15 days, stomach volume at the
             termination of intake was less following nutritive preloads.
             In a separate experiment with 6-day-old pups, gastric
             preloads of an alternative energy source, the ketone
             beta-hydroxybutyrate, also failed to inhibit intake when
             given at a dose that did not cause excessive gastric
             distension. These results indicate that a nutritive control
             of intake termination in rats is not present at 6 days of
             age but develops by 15 days of age.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0361-9230(86)90199-1},
   Key = {fds251840}
}

@article{fds251841,
   Author = {Phifer, CB and Sikes, CR and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Control of ingestion in 6-day-old rat pups: termination of
             intake by gastric fill alone?},
   Journal = {The American journal of physiology},
   Volume = {250},
   Number = {5 Pt 2},
   Pages = {R807-R814},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {May},
   ISSN = {0002-9513},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C334900038&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Six-day-old rat pups, tested away from the dam, vigorously
             ingested orally infused milk for up to 90 min when the
             ingested milk was allowed to drain through a gastric
             fistula. Total intake in pups with unplugged fistulas was
             more than double that consumed by littermates with plugged
             fistulas. This persistent feeding could not be due to the
             absence of postgastric cues because blocking movement of the
             milk into the intestine with a closed pyloric noose resulted
             in less intake than when the noose was open. Furthermore, a
             5% body weight gastric preload of milk or nonnutritive
             saline suppressed intake in pups with either open or closed
             pyloric nooses by an amount equal to the preload. Regardless
             of noose or preload condition, ingestion stopped when
             stomach content reached approximately 6.5% of body weight.
             Thus level of gastric fill appeared critical for intake
             control. When gastric fistulas were unplugged after pups had
             ingested milk until they stopped, vigorous ingestion
             followed, with total intakes of up to 20% body weight.
             Intake termination in young rat pups thus appears to be
             controlled exclusively by gastric fill level; pregastric
             signals alone appear insufficient, and postgastric signals
             appear unnecessary for termination of intake.},
   Doi = {10.1152/ajpregu.1986.250.5.r807},
   Key = {fds251841}
}

@article{fds251842,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Browde, JA},
   Title = {The ontogeny of independent ingestion in mice: or, why won't
             infant mice feed?},
   Journal = {Developmental psychobiology},
   Volume = {19},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {211-222},
   Year = {1986},
   Month = {May},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1986C101800005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Unlike infant rats, which show deprivation-related ingestion
             in several different test situations, infant mice appeared
             to be relatively unwilling to feed independently of suckling
             until 12 days of age. We tested mouse pups that were
             deprived (of food, water, suckling, and maternal care) for
             1, 7, or 24 hr in ingestive tests in which a milk diet was
             spread on the floor of their test container (Experiment 1).
             Pups at 3, 6, and 9 days of age consumed small amounts of
             the diet and showed little increase in intake when
             deprivation was increased. In contrast (and like rat pups of
             all ages), mouse pups 12 and 15 days of age actively
             ingested the diet and increased their intake with increased
             deprivation. Six-day-old mouse pups were similarly unwilling
             to ingest a 5% sucrose solution, though 12-day-old pups
             showed deprivation-related intake (Experiment 2). Cellular
             dehydration (produced by hypertonic saline injection), a
             potent stimulus for ingestion in infant rats, did not
             stimulate ingestion in mice younger than 12 days of age
             (Experiment 3). Finally, when ingestion was tested with diet
             infusions made through oral cannulas, mouse pups at 6 and 9
             days of age showed only a slight increase in intake with
             increased deprivation. However, by 12 days of age, pups'
             ingestion increased markedly with deprivation (Experiment
             4). Thus, mouse pups seem to be very different from rat pups
             with respect to the early existence of ingestive systems.
             The neural substrates for the ingestive responses that
             subserve independent ingestion are only minimally present in
             infant mice or are somehow inhibited.},
   Doi = {10.1002/dev.420190307},
   Key = {fds251842}
}

@article{fds251843,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {What we know and don't know about the development of
             independent ingestion in rats},
   Journal = {Appetite},
   Volume = {6},
   Pages = {323-356},
   Year = {1985},
   Key = {fds251843}
}

@article{fds251845,
   Author = {Johanson, IB and Hall, WG and Polefrone, JM},
   Title = {Appetitive conditioning in neonatal rats: conditioned
             ingestive responding to stimuli paired with oral infusions
             of milk.},
   Journal = {Developmental psychobiology},
   Volume = {17},
   Number = {4},
   Pages = {357-381},
   Year = {1984},
   Month = {July},
   ISSN = {0012-1630},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984SX98600003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {Components of rat pups' ingestive responses to orally
             infused milk came to be elicited by a novel odor conditioned
             stimulus (cedar) that had been repeatedly paired with milk
             infusions (Experiment I). Pups responded specifically to one
             odor, and they did not generalize their conditioned
             responding to either another odor or an unscented airstream
             (Experiment II). Ingestive responses could also be
             conditioned to a vibrotactile CS paired with milk, although
             levels of conditioned responding were lower than were
             obtained with an odor CS (Experiment III). Pups' internal
             state determined the effectiveness of training, in that pups
             that were removed from their dam for 24 hr showed reliable
             conditioned responding, while nondeprived pups and
             dehydrated pups did not (Experiment IV). Finally, pups
             showed retention of conditioned responding for at least
             several days after training (Experiment V).},
   Doi = {10.1002/dev.420170404},
   Key = {fds251845}
}

@article{fds251844,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Bruno, JP},
   Title = {Inhibitory controls of ingestion in 6-day-old rat
             pups.},
   Journal = {Physiology & behavior},
   Volume = {32},
   Number = {5},
   Pages = {831-841},
   Year = {1984},
   Month = {May},
   ISSN = {0031-9384},
   url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1984TD27800023&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
   Abstract = {The ability of gastric preloads of milk, water, and isotonic
             saline to inhibit ingestion was studied in deprived
             6-day-old rat pups being fed through oral cannulas. Preloads
             were delivered through gastric cannulas or by gavage, and
             both the volume of the load and the interval between the
             preload and testing were varied in order to assess the
             relative contributions of pre- and post-absorptive cues from
             the loads. Pups' willingness to initiate ingestion in short
             (10 min) tests (appetite) was unaffected by the degree of
             gastric filling produced by a load but was depressed by
             post-absorptive changes in hydrational state. On the other
             hand, pups terminated ingestion in long (30 min) tests
             (satiety) in response to gastric filling. Cessation of
             intake in long tests was only slightly influenced by
             post-absorptive factors. These results reveal two distinct
             phases of ingestion in infant rats and show that each is
             controlled in a different manner.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0031-9384(84)90202-6},
   Key = {fds251844}
}

@article{fds21971,
   Author = {Hall, W.G. and Williams, C.L.},
   Title = {Suckling isn't feeding or is it? A search for developmental
             continuities},
   Volume = {13},
   Pages = {220-254},
   Booktitle = {Advances in Animal Behavior},
   Editor = {J.S. Rosenblatt et al.},
   Year = {1983},
   Key = {fds21971}
}

@article{fds251846,
   Author = {Johanson, IB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Appetitive conditioning in neonatal rats: Conditioned
             orientation to a novel odor},
   Journal = {Dev. Psychobiol.},
   Volume = {15},
   Pages = {379-397},
   Year = {1982},
   Key = {fds251846}
}

@article{fds251847,
   Author = {Bruno, JP and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Olfactory contributions to dehydration-induced anorexia in
             weanling rats},
   Journal = {Dev. Psychobiol.},
   Volume = {15},
   Pages = {493-505},
   Year = {1982},
   Key = {fds251847}
}

@article{fds251848,
   Author = {Johanson, IB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {The ontogeny of feeding in rats: V. Influence of texture,
             home odor, and sibling presense on ingestive
             behavior},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {95},
   Pages = {837-847},
   Year = {1981},
   Key = {fds251848}
}

@article{fds251849,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Bryan, TE},
   Title = {The ontogeny of feeding in rats: IV. Taste development as
             measured by intake and behavioral responses to oral
             infusions of sucrose and quinine},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {95},
   Pages = {240-251},
   Year = {1981},
   Key = {fds251849}
}

@article{fds251850,
   Author = {DiRocco, RJ and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Metabolic neural mapping in neonatal rats},
   Journal = {N. Neurosci. Res.},
   Volume = {6},
   Pages = {13-19},
   Year = {1981},
   Key = {fds251850}
}

@article{fds251851,
   Author = {Williams, CL and Hall, WG and Rosenblatt, JS},
   Title = {Changing oral cues in suckling of weaning-age rats: Possible
             contributions to weaning},
   Journal = {Journal of Comparative and Physiological
             Psychology},
   Volume = {94},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {472-483},
   Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
   Year = {1980},
   Month = {June},
   ISSN = {0021-9940},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0077682},
   Abstract = {Four experiments assessed the relative contribution of oral
             and nutritional stimuli in the control of suckling in 20-
             and 25-day-old Sprague-Dawley CD rat pups. Oral factors were
             critical to suckling satiety, since the initiation of a
             suckling bout in weanling pups was not retarded by food
             infused directly into the stomach. As late as 20 days of
             age, suckling deprivation induced suckling largely through
             its stimulus-deprivation effects (olfactory, gustatory,
             somesthetic, and proprioceptive sensations) rather than
             through its food-deprivation effects. By 25 days of age, the
             type of oral stimulation that led to suckling satiety
             expanded; oral stimulation provided by independent feeding
             acquired characteristics that allowed it also to inhibit
             suckling. This developmental change in the stimuli that
             modulated suckling did not appear to be critically dependent
             on sensory changes in the dam or experiential events within
             the litter. The behavioral change, therefore, may represent
             a maturation of neural systems that facilitate the
             transition from suckling to independent feeding. (38 ref)
             (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights
             reserved). © 1980 American Psychological
             Association.},
   Doi = {10.1037/h0077682},
   Key = {fds251851}
}

@article{fds251852,
   Author = {Szechtman, H and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Otongeny of oral behavior induced by tail pinch and
             electrical stimulation of the tail in rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {94},
   Pages = {436-445},
   Year = {1980},
   Key = {fds251852}
}

@article{fds251853,
   Author = {Stoloff, ML and Kenny, JT and Blass, EM and Hall,
             WG},
   Title = {The role of experience in suckling maintenance in albino
             rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {94},
   Pages = {847-856},
   Year = {1980},
   Key = {fds251853}
}

@article{fds251854,
   Author = {Johanson, IB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {The ontogeny of feeding in rats: III. Thermal determinants
             of early ingestive responding},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {94},
   Pages = {977-992},
   Year = {1980},
   Key = {fds251854}
}

@article{fds251855,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Bryan, TE},
   Title = {The ontogeny of feeding in rats: II. Independent ingestive
             behavior},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {94},
   Pages = {746-756},
   Year = {1980},
   Key = {fds251855}
}

@article{fds251856,
   Author = {Cramer, CP and Blass, EM and Hall, WG},
   Title = {The ontogeny of nipple-shifting behavior in albino rats:
             Mechanisms of control and possible significance},
   Journal = {Dev. Psychobiol.},
   Volume = {13},
   Pages = {165-180},
   Year = {1980},
   Key = {fds251856}
}

@article{fds251857,
   Author = {Williams, CL and Rosenblatt, JS and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Inhibition of suckling in weaning-age rats: a possible
             serotonergic mechanism.},
   Journal = {Journal of comparative and physiological
             psychology},
   Volume = {93},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {414-429},
   Year = {1979},
   Month = {June},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0077592},
   Abstract = {The nature, development, and specificity of serotonergic
             involvement in the control of suckling behavior in rat pups
             from 10 to 35 days of age were studied. During development,
             suckling normally declines after 10 days and is abandoned
             after 30 days. It was found that (a) methysergide, a
             serotonin (5-HT) receptor blocker, reinstated suckling
             behavior in pups 15 days of age and older but had no effect
             on the suckling of 10-day old pups, (b) quipazine, a 5-HT
             receptor agonist, inhibited suckling of pups 10 days of age
             and older, (c) methysergide pretreatment blocked the
             quipazine inhibition of suckling, and (d) metergoline,
             another 5-HT blocker, also stimulated suckling, and
             fenfluramine, a 5-HT releaser, blocked suckling in deprived
             pups. Together, these data support the hypothesis that a
             serotonergic inhibitory mechanism modulates the suckling of
             weaning-age rats. These pharmacological manipulations of
             5-HT appear to alter specific components of suckling
             behavior involved in its initiation and maintenance but do
             not appear to alter a general hunger system.},
   Doi = {10.1037/h0077592},
   Key = {fds251857}
}

@article{fds251858,
   Author = {Kornblith, C and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Brain transections selectively alter ingestion and
             behavioral activation in neonatal rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {93},
   Pages = {1109-1117},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251858}
}

@article{fds251859,
   Author = {Johanson, IB and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Appetitive learning in 1-day-old rat pups},
   Journal = {Science},
   Volume = {205},
   Pages = {419-421},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251859}
}

@article{fds251860,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Rosenblatt, JS},
   Title = {Developmental changes in the suckling behavior of hamster
             pups: A comparison with rat pups},
   Journal = {Dev. Psychobiol.},
   Volume = {12},
   Pages = {553-560},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251860}
}

@article{fds251861,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {The otongeny of feeding in rats: I. Ingestive and behavioral
             responses to oral infusions},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {93},
   Pages = {977-1000},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251861}
}

@article{fds251862,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {Feeding and behavioral activation in infant
             rats},
   Journal = {Science},
   Volume = {205},
   Pages = {206-209},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251862}
}

@article{fds251863,
   Author = {Balss, EM and Beardsley, W and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Age-dependent inhibition of suckling by cholecystokinin},
   Journal = {Am. J. Physiol.},
   Volume = {236},
   Pages = {E567-E570},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds251863}
}

@article{fds251864,
   Author = {Nock, B and Williams, CL and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Suckling behavior of the infant rat: modulation by a
             developing neurotransmitter system.},
   Journal = {Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior},
   Volume = {8},
   Number = {3},
   Pages = {277-280},
   Year = {1978},
   Month = {March},
   ISSN = {0091-3057},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(78)90316-7},
   Abstract = {Drugs which alter serotonin receptor activity modified the
             suckling behavior of 20-day-old rat pups. Suckling could be
             reinstated in nondeprived pups, which normally do not
             suckle, by blockade of serotonin receptors with
             methysergide. Stimulation of serotonin receptors with
             quipazine inhibited suckling in deprived pups, and this
             effect was prevented by methysergide pretreatment. This
             evidence suggests that suckling in weaning age pups is
             controlled by a serotonergic inhibitory mechanism.},
   Doi = {10.1016/0091-3057(78)90316-7},
   Key = {fds251864}
}

@article{fds251865,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Rosenblatt, JS},
   Title = {Development of nutritional control of food intake in
             suckling rat pups},
   Journal = {Behav. Biol.},
   Volume = {24},
   Pages = {413-427},
   Year = {1978},
   Key = {fds251865}
}

@article{fds251866,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Cramer, CP and Blass, EM},
   Title = {Ontogeny of suckling in rats: Transitions toward adult
             ingestion},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {91},
   Pages = {1141-1155},
   Year = {1977},
   Key = {fds251866}
}

@article{fds251867,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Rosenblatt, JS},
   Title = {Suckling behavior and intake control in the developing rat
             pup},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {91},
   Pages = {1232-1247},
   Year = {1977},
   Key = {fds251867}
}

@article{fds251868,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Blass, EM},
   Title = {Orogastric determinants of drinking in rats: Interaction
             between absorptive and peripheral controls},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {91},
   Pages = {365-373},
   Year = {1977},
   Key = {fds251868}
}

@article{fds251869,
   Author = {Blass, EM and Teicher, MH and Cramer, CP and Bruno, JP and Hall,
             WG},
   Title = {Olfactory, thermal, and tactile controls of suckling in
             preauditory and previsual rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {91},
   Pages = {1248-1260},
   Year = {1977},
   Key = {fds251869}
}

@article{fds251870,
   Author = {Blass, EM and Jobaris, R and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Oropharyngeal control of drinking in rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {90},
   Pages = {909-916},
   Year = {1976},
   Key = {fds251870}
}

@article{fds251871,
   Author = {Blass, EM and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Drinking termination: Interactions among hydrational,
             orograstric, and behavioral controls in rats},
   Journal = {Psych. Rev.},
   Volume = {83},
   Pages = {356-374},
   Year = {1976},
   Key = {fds251871}
}

@article{fds251872,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Cramer, CP and Blass, EM},
   Title = {Developmental changes in suckling of rat
             pups},
   Journal = {Nature},
   Volume = {258},
   Pages = {318-320},
   Year = {1975},
   Key = {fds251872}
}

@article{fds251873,
   Author = {Hall, WG and Blass, EM},
   Title = {Orogastric, hydrational, and behavioral controls of drinking
             following water deprivation in rats},
   Journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
   Volume = {89},
   Pages = {939-954},
   Year = {1975},
   Key = {fds251873}
}

@article{fds251874,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {Weaning and growth of artificially reared
             rats},
   Journal = {Science},
   Volume = {190},
   Pages = {1313-1315},
   Year = {1975},
   Key = {fds251874}
}

@article{fds251875,
   Author = {Blass, EM and Hall, WG},
   Title = {Behavioral and physiological bases of drinking inhibition in
             water deprived rats},
   Journal = {Nature},
   Volume = {249},
   Pages = {485-486},
   Year = {1974},
   Key = {fds251875}
}

@article{fds251876,
   Author = {Hall, WG},
   Title = {A remote stomach clamp to evaluate oral and gastric controls
             of drinking in the rat},
   Journal = {Physiological Behavior},
   Volume = {11},
   Pages = {897-901},
   Year = {1973},
   Key = {fds251876}
}


%% Chapters in Books   
@misc{fds22007,
   Author = {W.G. Hall},
   Title = {Experiential Contributions of the Development of Olfactory
             Cross Projection Systems},
   Volume = {3},
   Pages = {69-76},
   Booktitle = {Development, Growth and Senescence in the Chemical
             Senses},
   Publisher = {NIH},
   Editor = {Getchell, T.V. and Pearl, J. and Beauchamp, G.K. and Mistretta,
             C.M.},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds22007}
}

@misc{fds22009,
   Author = {Hall, W.G. and Heimer, H.},
   Title = {Components of the feeding sequence, their development and
             control},
   Pages = {63-81},
   Booktitle = {Ontogeny and Social Transmission of Food Preferences in
             Mammals: Basic and Applied Research},
   Editor = {Galef, B.G., Jr. and Mainardi, M.},
   Year = {1993},
   Key = {fds22009}
}

@misc{fds21996,
   Author = {W.G. Hall},
   Title = {The ontogeny of drinking},
   Pages = {35-52},
   Booktitle = {Thirst: Physiological and Psychological Aspects},
   Publisher = {(Int. Life Sci. Inst.), Springer-Verlag, New
             York},
   Editor = {D. Ramsay and D. Booth},
   Year = {1991},
   Key = {fds21996}
}

@misc{fds21994,
   Author = {W.G. Hall},
   Title = {The ontogeny of ingestive behavior: Changing control of
             components in the feeding sequence},
   Pages = {77-123},
   Booktitle = {Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology: Food and Water
             Intake},
   Publisher = {Plenum Press, New York},
   Editor = {E.M. Stricker},
   Year = {1990},
   Key = {fds21994}
}

@misc{fds21982,
   Author = {W.G. Hall},
   Title = {Early Motivation, reward, learning and their neural bases:
             Developmental revelations and simplifications},
   Booktitle = {Psychobiological Aspects of Behavioral Development},
   Publisher = {New York: Academic},
   Editor = {N.A. Krasnegor et al.},
   Year = {1987},
   Key = {fds21982}
}

@misc{fds21985,
   Author = {Phifer, C.B. and Hall, W.G.},
   Title = {The development of feeding behavior},
   Pages = {189-229},
   Booktitle = {Methods and Techniques to Study Feeding and Drinking
             Behavior},
   Publisher = {Amsterdam: Elsevier},
   Editor = {N.E. Rowland and F. Toates},
   Year = {1987},
   Key = {fds21985}
}

@misc{fds21973,
   Author = {Johanson, I.B. and Hall, W.G.},
   Title = {Ontogeny of appetitive learning: Independent ingestion as a
             model motivational system},
   Pages = {135-157},
   Booktitle = {Comparative Perspectives on the Development of
             Memory},
   Publisher = {Hillsdale, N.J.: Earlbaum},
   Editor = {R. Kail and N.E. Spear},
   Year = {1984},
   Key = {fds21973}
}

@misc{fds21962,
   Author = {W.G. Hall},
   Title = {Feeding, food reward, and learning: An appetitive system for
             ingestive behavior in infant rats},
   Booktitle = {Symposium neuroontogeneticium},
   Publisher = {Prague: Charles University Press},
   Editor = {S. Trojan and J. Mourek},
   Year = {1982},
   Key = {fds21962}
}

@misc{fds21944,
   Author = {Blass, E.M. and Hall, W.G. and Teicher, M.H.},
   Title = {The ontogeny of suckling and ingestive behaviors},
   Volume = {8},
   Booktitle = {Progress in psychobiology and physiological
             psychology},
   Publisher = {New York: Academic Press},
   Editor = {J.M. Sprague and A.N. Epstein},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds21944}
}

@misc{fds21945,
   Author = {Blass, E.M. and Kenny, S.T. and Stoloff, M. and Bruno, J.P. and Teicher, M.H. and Hall, W.G.},
   Title = {Motivation, learning and memory in the ontogeny of suckling
             in albino rats},
   Booktitle = {The ontogeny of learning the memory},
   Publisher = {Hillsdale, N.J.: Earlbaum},
   Editor = {N.E. Spear and B.A. Campbell},
   Year = {1979},
   Key = {fds21945}
}


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