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| Publications of James A. Blumenthal :chronological alphabetical combined listing:
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds374579,
Author = {Hughes, GC and Chen, EP and Browndyke, JN and Szeto, WY and DiMaio, JM and Brinkman, WT and Gaca, JG and Blumenthal, JA and Karhausen, JA and Bisanar, T and James, ML and Yanez, D and Li, Y-J and Mathew,
JP},
Title = {Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic
Circulatory Arrest Trial (GOT ICE): A Randomized Clinical
Trial Comparing Outcomes After Aortic Arch
Surgery.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Year = {2023},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067022},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Deep hypothermia has been the standard for
hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) during aortic arch
surgery. However, centers worldwide have shifted toward
lesser hypothermia with antegrade cerebral perfusion. This
has been supported by retrospective data, but there has yet
to be a multicenter, prospective randomized study comparing
deep versus moderate hypothermia during HCA. METHODS: This
was a randomized single-blind trial (GOT ICE) of patients
undergoing arch surgery with HCA plus antegrade cerebral
perfusion at 4 US referral aortic centers (August
2016-December 2021). Patients were randomized to 1 of 3
hypothermia groups: DP, deep (≤20.0 °C); LM,
low-moderate (20.1-24.0 °C); and HM, high-moderate
(24.1-28.0 °C). The primary outcome was composite global
cognitive change score between baseline and 4 weeks
postoperatively. Intention-to-treat analysis to evaluate if:
(1) LM noninferior to DP on global cognitive change score;
(2) DP superior to HM. The secondary outcomes were
domain-specific cognitive change scores, neuroimaging
findings, quality of life, and adverse events. RESULTS: A
total of 308 patients consented; 282 met inclusion and were
randomized. A total of 273 completed surgery, and 251
completed the 4-week follow-up (DP, 85 [34%]; LM, 80 [34%];
HM, 86 [34%]). Mean global cognitive change score from
baseline to 4 weeks in the LM group was noninferior to the
DP group; likewise, no significant difference was observed
between DP and HM. Noninferiority of LM versus DP, and lack
of difference between DP and HM, remained for
domain-specific cognitive change scores, except structured
verbal memory, with noninferiority of LM versus DP not
established and structured verbal memory better preserved in
DP versus HM (P = 0.036). There were no significant
differences in structural or functional magnetic resonance
imaging brain imaging between groups postoperatively.
Regardless of temperature, patients who underwent HCA
demonstrated significant reductions in cerebral gray matter
volume, cortical thickness, and regional brain functional
connectivity. Thirty-day in-hospital mortality, major
morbidity, and quality of life were not different between
groups. CONCLUSIONS: This randomized multicenter study
evaluating arch surgery HCA temperature strategies found
low-moderate hypothermia noninferior to traditional deep
hypothermia on global cognitive change 4 weeks after
surgery, although in secondary analysis, structured verbal
memory was better preserved in the deep group. The verbal
memory differences in the low- and high-moderate groups and
structural and functional connectivity reductions from
baseline merit further investigation and suggest
opportunities to further optimize brain perfusion during
HCA. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov;
Unique identifier: NCT02834065.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067022},
Key = {fds374579}
}
@article{fds371880,
Author = {Ribeiro, F and Teixeira, M and Alves, AJ and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Lifestyle Medicine as a Treatment for Resistant
Hypertension.},
Journal = {Curr Hypertens Rep},
Volume = {25},
Number = {10},
Pages = {313-328},
Year = {2023},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11906-023-01253-5},
Abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Approximately 10% of the adults with
hypertension fail to achieve the recommended blood
pressure treatment targets on 3 antihypertensive medications
or require ≥ 4 medications to achieve goal. These
patients with 'resistant hypertension' have an increased
risk of target organ damage, adverse clinical events, and
all-cause mortality. Although lifestyle modification is
widely recommended as a first-line approach for the
management of high blood pressure, the effects of lifestyle
modifications in patients with resistant hypertension has
not been widely studied. This review aims to provide an
overview of the emerging evidence on the benefits of
lifestyle modifications in patients with resistant
hypertension, reviews potential mechanisms by which
lifestyles may reduce blood pressure, and discusses the
clinical implications of the recent findings in this field.
RECENT FINDINGS: Evidence from single-component randomized
clinical trials demonstrated that aerobic exercise, weight
loss and dietary modification can reduce clinic and
ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant
hypertension. Moreover, evidence from multi-component trials
involving exercise and dietary modification and weight
management can facilitate lifestyle change, reduce clinic
and ambulatory blood pressure, and improve biomarkers of
cardiovascular risk. This new evidence supports the efficacy
of lifestyle modifications added to optimized medical
therapy in reducing blood pressure and improving
cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with resistant
hypertension. These findings need to be confirmed in larger
studies, and the persistence of benefit over extended
follow-up needs further study.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11906-023-01253-5},
Key = {fds371880}
}
@article{fds370322,
Author = {Avorgbedor, F and McCoy, TP and Silva, S and Blumenthal, JA and Merwin,
E and Yeo, S and Holditch-Davis, D},
Title = {Infant Outcomes in Hypertensive Women: Are there Moderating
Effects of Prenatal Care and Race/Ethnicity?},
Journal = {Matern Child Health J},
Volume = {27},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1277-1283},
Year = {2023},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03661-0},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is one of
the leading causes of adverse infant outcomes. Black women
are disproportionately affected by hypertensive disorders of
pregnancy, and it associated adverse outcomes. Adequate
prenatal care may improve adverse infant outcomes. However,
the evidence on adequate prenatal care improving birth
outcomes for women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
especially for Blacks is limited. This study examined the
role of adequate prenatal care and race/ethnicity as
moderators of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on infant
outcomes. METHODS: The sample was obtained from the
2016-2019 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Surveillance
dataset from North Carolina. We compared adequate prenatal
care among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
(n = 610) to women without(n = 2,827), and women
with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with adequate
prenatal care to women hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
with inadequate prenatal care. RESULTS: The weighted
prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was 14.1%.
Adequate prenatal care was associated with better infant
outcomes for low birth weight (AOR = 0.72; 95%
CI = 0.58, 0.90) and preterm birth (AOR = 0.62; 95%
CI = 0.46, 0.82). Although these effects were not
moderated by Black race/ethnicity, Black women independently
also had worse outcomes for preterm birth (AOR = 1.59;
95% CI = 1.11, 2.28) and low birth weight
(AOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.42, 2.29). CONCLUSIONS:
Moderation of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy effects on
infant outcomes by prenatal care and race/ethnicity was not
found. Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy who
received inadequate prenatal care experienced worse adverse
birth outcomes compared to women without hypertensive
disorders of pregnancy. Strategies to improve prenatal care,
particularly among underserved populations at risk for
hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, need to be a public
health priority.},
Doi = {10.1007/s10995-023-03661-0},
Key = {fds370322}
}
@article{fds367444,
Author = {Marx, W and Manger, SH and Blencowe, M and Murray, G and Ho, FY-Y and Lawn,
S and Blumenthal, JA and Schuch, F and Stubbs, B and Ruusunen, A and Desyibelew, HD and Dinan, TG and Jacka, F and Ravindran, A and Berk, M and O'Neil, A},
Title = {Clinical guidelines for the use of lifestyle-based mental
health care in major depressive disorder: World Federation
of Societies for Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and
Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine (ASLM)
taskforce.},
Journal = {World J Biol Psychiatry},
Volume = {24},
Number = {5},
Pages = {333-386},
Year = {2023},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2022.2112074},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The primary objectives of these international
guidelines were to provide a global audience of clinicians
with (a) a series of evidence-based recommendations for the
provision of lifestyle-based mental health care in clinical
practice for adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and
(b) a series of implementation considerations that may be
applicable across a range of settings. METHODS:
Recommendations and associated evidence-based gradings were
based on a series of systematic literature searches of
published research as well as the clinical expertise of
taskforce members. The focus of the guidelines was eight
lifestyle domains: physical activity and exercise, smoking
cessation, work-directed interventions, mindfulness-based
and stress management therapies, diet, sleep, loneliness and
social support, and green space interaction. The following
electronic bibliographic databases were searched for
articles published prior to June 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, The
Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL),
Cochrane Methodology Register), CINAHL, PsycINFO. Evidence
grading was based on the level of evidence specific to MDD
and risk of bias, in accordance with the World Federation of
Societies for Biological Psychiatry criteria. RESULTS: Nine
recommendations were formed. The recommendations with the
highest ratings to improve MDD were the use of physical
activity and exercise, relaxation techniques, work-directed
interventions, sleep, and mindfulness-based therapies (Grade
2). Interventions related to diet and green space were
recommended, but with a lower strength of evidence (Grade
3). Recommendations regarding smoking cessation and
loneliness and social support were based on expert opinion.
Key implementation considerations included the need for
input from allied health professionals and support networks
to implement this type of approach, the importance of
partnering such recommendations with behaviour change
support, and the need to deliver interventions using a
biopsychosocial-cultural framework. CONCLUSIONS:
Lifestyle-based interventions are recommended as a
foundational component of mental health care in clinical
practice for adults with Major Depressive Disorder, where
other evidence-based therapies can be added or used in
combination. The findings and recommendations of these
guidelines support the need for further research to address
existing gaps in efficacy and implementation research,
especially for emerging lifestyle-based approaches (e.g.
green space, loneliness and social support interventions)
where data are limited. Further work is also needed to
develop innovative approaches for delivery and models of
care, and to support the training of health professionals
regarding lifestyle-based mental health care.},
Doi = {10.1080/15622975.2022.2112074},
Key = {fds367444}
}
@article{fds371017,
Author = {Stonerock, GL and Gupta, RP and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Is exercise a viable therapy for anxiety? Systematic review
of recent literature and critical analysis.},
Journal = {Prog Cardiovasc Dis},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2023.05.006},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Exercise has been promoted as a treatment for a
variety of psychiatric conditions. The benefits of exercise
for depression are widely recognized, but the benefits of
exercise for anxiety are uncertain. Although several reviews
promoted exercise as a treatment for anxiety, concerns about
the quality of studies prompted us to provide a critical
review of the recent literature to re-assess the value of
exercise for treating anxiety. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We
conducted a systematic review of all peer-reviewed
randomized clinical trials (RCTs) among adults, published
between January 2014 and December 2021, with an exercise
intervention and anxiety as the a priori primary outcome.
Two reviewers independently extracted data from studies
meeting inclusion criteria, including sample
characteristics, exercise intervention, control conditions,
primary anxiety measure, relevant findings, and
methodological quality quantified by PEDro scores. RESULTS:
7240 published studies from CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and
PsycINFO were screened in April 2022, with 1831 participants
across 25 eligible RCTs, of which 13 included elevated
anxiety at study entry as an eligibility criterion. Only two
of these 13 studies, and five of 12 studies of non-anxious
individuals, found anxiety to be reduced unequivocally with
exercise. Most studies suffered from significant
methodological limitations including concurrent therapies
and lack of intention-to-treat analyses. CONCLUSION: There
remains considerable uncertainty about the value of exercise
in reducing symptoms of anxiety, particularly among anxious
individuals. The paucity of methodologically sound studies
of patients with anxiety represents a significant gap in our
knowledge and calls for more research in the area. Word
count: 249.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pcad.2023.05.006},
Key = {fds371017}
}
@article{fds371018,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, A and Craighead, L and Watkins, LL and Ingle, K and Tyson, CC and Lin, P-H and Kraus, WE and Liao, L and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Psychosocial Function
in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: SECONDARY OUTCOMES
FROM THE TRIUMPH RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL.},
Journal = {J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000801},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: In a secondary analysis of the TRIUMPH clinical
trial, psychological outcomes in patients with resistant
hypertension (RH) receiving a diet and exercise intervention
delivered in a cardiac rehabilitation setting were compared
with those receiving a similar prescription of diet and
exercise provided in a single counseling session by a health
educator. METHODS: One hundred forty patients with RH were
randomly assigned to a 4-mo program of dietary counseling,
behavioral weight management, and exercise (C-LIFE) or a
single counseling session providing standardized education
and physician advice (SEPA). Participants completed a
battery of questionnaires to assess psychological
functioning before and after the intervention. A global
measure of psychological functioning was derived from the
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Perceived Stress Scale
(PSS), Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health
Survey, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Hospital
Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression
Inventory-II, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement
Information System (PROMIS) Anger scale. RESULTS:
Participants in the C-LIFE intervention achieved greater
improvements in psychological functioning compared with SEPA
(C-LIFE: 58.9 [56.1, 61.8] vs SEPA: 66.5 [62.1, 70.9]; P =
.024). Greater improvements were especially evident for the
GHQ, PSS, and HADS. Examination of mediation revealed that
greater weight loss (B =-0.17, P = .004) and improved oxygen
uptake (B =-0.12, P = .044) were associated with improved
psychological functioning. CONCLUSION: Compared with
standard education and physician advice, a structured
program of diet and exercise not only reduced blood pressure
but also improved psychological functioning in patients with
RH.},
Doi = {10.1097/HCR.0000000000000801},
Key = {fds371018}
}
@article{fds368555,
Author = {Avorgbedor, F and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, A and Ingle, K and Lin, P-H and Craighead, L and Tyson, C and Kraus, W and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ},
Title = {Inflammation moderates the effects of lifestyle modification
on neurocognition among individuals with resistant
hypertension.},
Journal = {J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)},
Volume = {25},
Number = {1},
Pages = {106-110},
Year = {2023},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jch.14591},
Abstract = {Individuals with resistant hypertension (RH) have the
greatest risk of cerebrovascular disease and cognitive
impairment among individuals with hypertension. Elevated
levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines may represent a
critical yet unexamined factor influencing the impact of
healthy lifestyle changes on cognitive function. We explored
the influence of inflammation on changes in cognition
following lifestyle modification among individuals with RH
participating in the TRIUMPH clinical trial. One hundred
forty participants with RH completed a battery of
neurocognitive tests along with the inflammatory marker
C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and were subsequently randomized
to an intensive 4-month lifestyle modification intervention
or to education and physician advice control. Results
indicated that the effects of lifestyle modification on
Executive Function and Learning were moderated by
pre-intervention hsCRP levels (P = .049), with treatment
efficacy increasing across levels of baseline inflammation
levels (low: d = 0.12; mild: d = 0.43; moderate:
d = 0.81). We conclude that inflammatory profiles may help
identify individuals more likely to improve executive
functioning resulting from lifestyle modification.},
Doi = {10.1111/jch.14591},
Key = {fds368555}
}
@article{fds370064,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Rozanski, A},
Title = {Exercise as a therapeutic modality for the prevention and
treatment of depression.},
Journal = {Prog Cardiovasc Dis},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {50-58},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2023.02.008},
Abstract = {While maintaining an active lifestyle and engaging in
regular exercise are known to promote cardiovascular (CV)
health, increasing evidence has emerged to indicate that
these lifestyle behaviors also can promote psychological
health and well-being. This has led to research to determine
if exercise can serve as a potential therapeutic modality
for major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a leading
cause of mental-health impairment and overall disability
worldwide. The strongest evidence to support this use comes
from an increasing number of randomized clinical trials
(RCTs) that have compared exercise to usual care, placebo
controls, or established therapies in healthy adults and in
various clinical populations. The relatively large number of
RCTs has led to numerous reviews and meta-analyses, which
generally have been concordant in indicating that exercise
ameliorates depressive symptoms, improves self-esteem, and
enhances various aspects of quality of life. Together, these
data indicate that exercise should be considered as a
therapeutic modality for improving CV health and
psychological well-being. The emerging evidence also has led
to a new proposed subspecialty of "lifestyle psychiatry",
which promotes the use of exercise as an adjunctive
treatment for patients with MDD. Indeed, some medical
organizations have now endorsed lifestyle-based approaches
as foundational aspects of depression management, with
adoption of exercise as a treatment option for MDD. This
review summarizes research in the area and provides
practical suggestions for the use of exercise in clinical
practice.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pcad.2023.02.008},
Key = {fds370064}
}
@article{fds370644,
Author = {Rozanski, A and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Cole, S and Lavie, CJ},
Title = {Cardiology and lifestyle medicine.},
Journal = {Prog Cardiovasc Dis},
Volume = {77},
Pages = {4-13},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.004},
Abstract = {Poor lifestyle habits, such as physical inactivity and poor
diets, are highly prevalent within society and even more so
among patients with chronic disease. The need to stem poor
lifestyle habits has led to the development of a new field
of Lifestyle Medicine, whose mission is to prevent, treat,
and even reverse chronic diseases through lifestyle
interventions. Three fields within Cardiology relate to this
mission: Cardiac Rehabilitation, Preventive Cardiology, and
Behavioral Cardiology. Each of these three fields have
contributed substantially to the reduction of cardiovascular
disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. The historic
contributions of these three cardiac fields are reviewed as
well as the challenges each of these fields has faced in
optimizing the application of lifestyle medicine practices.
A shared agenda between Cardiology and the American College
of Lifestyle Medicine could further the utilization of
behavioral interventions. This review suggests seven steps
that could be shared by these organizations and other
medical societies. First, there is a need to develop and
promulgate the assessment of lifestyle factors as "vital
signs" during patient visits. Second, developing a strong
partnership between the fields of Cardiology and Physiatry
could improve important aspects of cardiac care, including a
potential redesign of cardiac stress testing. Third,
behavioral evaluations should be optimized at patients'
entrée points into medical care since these may be
considered "windows of opportunity". Fourth, there is a need
to broaden cardiac rehabilitation into inexpensive programs
and make this program eligible for patients with risk
factors but no known CVD. Fifth, lifestyle medicine
education should be integrated into the core competencies
for relevant specialties. Sixth, there is a need for
inter-societal advocacy to promote lifestyle medicine
practices. Seventh, the well-being effects of healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as their impact on one's sense of
vitality, should be emphasized.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.004},
Key = {fds370644}
}
@article{fds371019,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Avorgbedor, F and Ingle, KK and Kraus, WE and Hinderliter, AE and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Sleep Quality, Metabolic Function, Physical Activity, and
Neurocognition Among Individuals with Resistant
Hypertension.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {93},
Number = {3},
Pages = {995-1006},
Year = {2023},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-230029},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Resistant hypertension (RH) is a major risk
factor for stroke, cognitive decline, and dementia. Sleep
quality is increasingly suggested to play an important role
linking RH to cognitive outcomes, although the mechanisms
linking sleep quality to poor cognitive function have yet to
be fully delineated. OBJECTIVE: To delineate biobehavioral
mechanisms linking sleep quality, metabolic function, and
cognitive function among 140 overweight/obese adults with RH
in the TRIUMPH clinical trial. METHODS: Sleep quality was
indexed using actigraphy measures of sleep quality and sleep
fragmentation, as well as self-reported sleep quality from
the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Cognitive
function was assessed using a 45-minute battery assessing
executive function, processing speed, and memory.
Participants were randomized to a cardiac
rehabilitation-based lifestyle program (C-LIFE) or a
standardized education and physician advice condition (SEPA)
for 4 months. RESULTS: Better sleep quality at baseline was
associated with better executive function (B = 0.18
p = 0.027), as well as greater fitness (B = 0.27,
p = 0.007) and lower HBA1c (B = -0.25,
p = 0.010). Cross-sectional analyses revealed that the
sleep quality executive function association was mediated by
HBA1c (B = 0.71 [0.05, 2.05]). C-LIFE improved sleep
quality (-1.1 [-1.5, -0.6] versus+-0.1 [-0.8, 0.7]) and
actigraphy steps (+922 [529, 1316] versus+56 [-548, 661]),
with actigraphy mediating improvements in executive function
(B = 0.40 [0.02, 1.07]). CONCLUSION: Better metabolic
function and improved physical activity patterns levels play
important roles linking sleep quality and executive function
in RH.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-230029},
Key = {fds371019}
}
@article{fds367673,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Jiang, W and Hinderliter, A and Watkins, LL and Hoffman, BM and Kraus, WE and Mabe, S and Liao, L and Davidson, J and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Exercise and Escitalopram in the Treatment of Anxiety in
Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: One Year Follow-Up of
the UNWIND Randomized Clinical Trial.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Development and
Disease},
Volume = {9},
Number = {10},
Pages = {320},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9100320},
Abstract = {Anxiety is common among patients with coronary heart disease
(CHD) and is associated with a worse prognosis. UNWIND was a
12-week randomized clinical trial comparing exercise and
escitalopram to placebo on measures of anxiety, depression,
and CHD biomarkers. Primary results of the trial reported
that treatment with escitalopram, but not exercise, was
associated with significant reductions in anxiety and
depression. At 1-year follow-up, participants completed the
Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A) along
with the HADS-Depression (HADS-D), the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Godin Leisure Time Exercise
survey to assess physical activity. Results showed that
those patients randomized to escitalopram had lower scores
on the HADS-A compared to those randomized to exercise (P =
0.006) and had less depression compared to exercise on the
HADS-D (P = 0.004) and BDI-II (P = 0.004). Participants
randomized to exercise reported higher levels of physical
activity at 1-year compared to those randomized to Placebo
(P = 0.039). However, despite reporting being more
physically active, those randomized to exercise did not have
less anxiety or depression compared to placebo controls.
Escitalopram appears to be a safe and effective treatment
for anxiety; exercise has many health benefits, but does not
appear to be effective in treating anxiety.},
Doi = {10.3390/jcdd9100320},
Key = {fds367673}
}
@article{fds364012,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Jiang, W and Hinderliter, A and Watkins, LL and Hoffman, BM and Kraus, WE and Mabe, S and Liao, L and Davidson, J and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Longer term benefits of exercise and escitalopram in the
treatment of anxiety in patients with coronary heart
disease: Six month follow-up of the UNWIND randomized
clinical trial.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {251},
Pages = {91-100},
Year = {2022},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2022.05.014},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a common comorbidity in patients with
coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse
prognosis. However, effective treatment for anxiety in CHD
patients is uncertain. The UNWIND randomized clinical trial
showed that 12-week treatment of escitalopram was better
than exercise training or placebo in reducing anxiety in
anxious CHD patients. The longer-term benefits of treatment
for anxiety are not known. METHODS: Patients were randomized
to 12 weeks of Escitalopram (up to 20 mg), Exercise (3
times/wk), or placebo pill. At the conclusion of treatment,
participants were followed for 6-months to determine the
persistence of benefit on the primary anxiety endpoint
assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale-Anxiety scale (HADS-A) and to assess the effects of
treatment on major adverse cardiac events over a follow-up
period of up to 6 years. RESULTS: Of the 128 participants
initially randomized, 120 (94%) were available for
follow-up. Participants randomized to the Escitalopram
condition exhibited lower HADS-A scores (3.9 [3.1, 4.7])
compared to those randomized to Exercise (5.5 [4.6, 6.3])
(P = .007) and Placebo (5.3 [4.1, 6.5]) (P = .053).
Over a median follow-up of 3.2 years (IQR: 2.3, 4.5), there
were 29 adverse events but no significant between-group
differences. CONCLUSION: In the UNWIND trial, 12 weeks of
escitalopram treatment was effective in reducing anxiety.
These beneficial effects were sustained for 6 months
posttreatment. Although moderate or vigorous physical
activity has a number of health benefits, exercise was not
an effective treatment for anxiety in patients with
CHD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2022.05.014},
Key = {fds364012}
}
@article{fds363946,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Mabe, S and Watkins,
LL and Craighead, L and Ingle, K and Tyson, C and Avorgbedor, F and Lin,
P-H and Kraus, WE and Liao, L and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Lifestyle modification and cognitive function among
individuals with resistant hypertension: cognitive outcomes
from the TRIUMPH trial.},
Journal = {J Hypertens},
Volume = {40},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1359-1368},
Year = {2022},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003151},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Resistant hypertension is associated with
increased risk of cognitive decline, stroke, and dementia.
Lifestyle modification has been suggested to improve
cognitive function through its salutary effects on vascular
function. METHODS: Participants included 140 patients with
resistant hypertension participating in the TRIUMPH trial.
Participants were randomized to a cardiac
rehabilitation-based lifestyle program (C-LIFE) or a
standardized education and physician advice condition
(SEPA). Participants completed a 45-min cognitive test
battery consisting of tests of Executive Functioning and
Learning, Memory, and Processing Speed. Biomarkers of
vascular [flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery
(FMD)], microvascular, and cerebrovascular function were
also collected, in addition to weight, fitness, and
ambulatory blood pressure. RESULTS: Participants averaged
63 years of age, 48% women, 59% black, and obese [mean
BMI = 36 kg/m 2 (SD = 4)]. Cognitive performance
improved across the entire cohort during the 4-month trial [
t -scores pretreatment = 48.9 (48, 50) vs. posttreatment =
50.0 (49, 51), P < 0.001]. Postintervention Executive
Function/Learning composite performance was higher for
participants in C-LIFE compared to SEPA ( d = 0.37, P
= 0.039). C-LIFE intervention effects on Memory and
Processing Speed were moderated by sex and baseline stroke
risk, respectively ( P = 0.026 and P = 0.043 for
interactions), such that males and participants with greater
stroke risk showed the greatest cognitive changes. FMD
[C-LIFE: +0.3% (-0.3, 1.0) vs. SEPA: -1.4% (-2.5, -0.3), P
= 0.022], and microvascular function [C-LIFE: 97 (65,
130) vs. SEPA: 025 (-75, 23), P < 0.001] were improved
in C-LIFE compared with SEPA, whereas cerebrovascular
reactivity was not [C-LIFE: -0.2 (-0.4, 0) vs. SEPA: 0.1
(-0.2, 0.4), P = 0.197). Mediation analyses suggested
that increased executive function/learning was associated
with reduced ambulatory SBP levels secondary to weight loss
[indirect effect: B = 0.25 (0.03, 0.71)]. CONCLUSION:
Lifestyle modification individuals with resistant
hypertension improves cognition, which appeared to be
associated with reduced ambulatory SBP changes through
weight loss. Cognitive improvements were accompanied by
parallel improvements in endothelial and microvascular
function.},
Doi = {10.1097/HJH.0000000000003151},
Key = {fds363946}
}
@article{fds363947,
Author = {Avorgbedor, F and Silva, S and McCoy, TP and Blumenthal, JA and Merwin,
E and Seonae, Y and Holditch-Davis, D},
Title = {Hypertension and infant outcomes: North Carolina pregnancy
risks assessment monitoring system data.},
Journal = {Pregnancy Hypertens},
Volume = {28},
Pages = {189-193},
Year = {2022},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2022.05.004},
Abstract = {This study examined the risk factors that moderate the
relationship between hypertension and infant outcomes or
were independent risk factors in a large and diverse sample
of pregnant women with and without hypertension before
conception. The sample included 2,996 women, where 197 had
hypertension. Black women comprised 35.5% of the
hypertension group relative to 19.7% of non-hypertension.
Women with hypertension were more likely to have more
preterm births (17.7% vs. 7.4%; ARR = 1.91, p <.001) and
have infants with low birth weights (16.8% vs. 6.7%;
ARR = 2.26, p <.001), independent of other maternal risk
factors in logistic modeling. Maternal Black race versus
White also was independently associated with preterm birth
(ARR = 1.42, p =.045) and low birth weight (ARR = 1.72,
p <.001). Maternal age and race did not significantly
moderate the effects of hypertension on infant outcomes, but
both Black race and hypertension status were independently
associated with adverse birth outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.preghy.2022.05.004},
Key = {fds363947}
}
@article{fds362589,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Exercise and Resistant Hypertension-Is Exercise
Enough?},
Journal = {Jama Cardiol},
Volume = {7},
Number = {5},
Pages = {570-571},
Year = {2022},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0040},
Doi = {10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0040},
Key = {fds362589}
}
@article{fds359692,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Li, C and Xie, W and Zhong, B and Wu, Y and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Trajectories of depressive symptoms and subsequent cognitive
decline in older adults: a pooled analysis of two
longitudinal cohorts.},
Journal = {Age Ageing},
Volume = {51},
Number = {1},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab191},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: the course of depression is variable, but it is
unknown how this variability over time affects long-term
cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE: to examine the relationship of
different trajectories of depressive symptoms on rates of
subsequent cognitive decline in older adults. DESIGN:
population-based cohort study. SETTING: communities in the
USA and England. SUBJECTS: 17,556 older adults from the
Health and Retirement Study and the English Longitudinal
Study of Ageing. METHODS: depressive symptoms were assessed
using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,
and trajectories were calculated using group-based
trajectory modelling. Global cognitive function and three
cognitive domains of memory, executive function and temporal
orientation were assessed for up to 18 years. RESULTS: five
trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified.
Compared with the 'non-depressed' trajectory, the 'worsening
depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = -0.016
standard deviation (SD)/year, 95% confidence interval (CI):
-0.021 to -0.010), 'persistent depressive symptoms'
trajectory (pooled β = -0.016 SD/year, 95% CI: -0.024
to -0.008), and 'mild depressive symptoms' trajectory
(pooled β = -0.008 SD/year, 95% CI: -0.014 to -0.003)
were associated with faster rates of cognitive decline,
while no such association was found for the 'improving
depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = 0.001
SD/year, 95% CI: -0.010 to 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: subthreshold
depressive symptoms are associated with an increased rate of
cognitive decline, while individuals who show improving
depressive symptoms do not exhibit accelerated cognitive
decline. These findings raise the possibility that
maintaining depressive symptoms as low as possible and
ignoring the clinical threshold, might mitigate cognitive
decline in older adults.},
Doi = {10.1093/ageing/afab191},
Key = {fds359692}
}
@article{fds359691,
Author = {Somers, TJ and Blumenthal, JA and Dorfman, CS and Huffman, KM and Edmond, SN and Miller, SN and Wren, AA and Caldwell, D and Keefe,
FJ},
Title = {Effects of a Weight and Pain Management Program in Patients
With Rheumatoid Arthritis With Obesity: A Randomized
Controlled Pilot Investigation.},
Journal = {J Clin Rheumatol},
Volume = {28},
Number = {1},
Pages = {7-13},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RHU.0000000000001793},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with poor outcomes for
patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Effective weight
management is imperative. Although traditional lifestyle
behavioral weight loss programs have demonstrated efficacy
for reducing weight, these interventions do not meet the
pain-related weight loss challenges of RA patients with
obesity. OBJECTIVE: A 12-session group program (90 minutes
per session) was developed integrating pain coping skills
training into a lifestyle behavioral weight loss
intervention. In addition to the weekly group sessions,
participants engaged in supervised exercise sessions 3 times
per week. METHODS: Through a small, pilot randomized trial,
50 participants were randomized to receive the intervention
(n = 29) or standard care of RA (n = 21). Feasibility data
(i.e., accrual, attrition, adherence) was examined using
descriptive statistics (e.g., percent). We examined patterns
of change in study outcomes from baseline to follow-up
separately for the intervention and standard care arms using
descriptive statistics and paired t tests. Effect sizes are
also presented. RESULTS: Of those randomized to the
intervention group,79.3% initiated treatment, with
participants attending 74.3% of group skills sessions and
64.2% of exercise sessions. Intervention participants
evidenced reductions in weight (mean, -2.28 kg) and waist
circumference (mean, -4.76 cm) and improvements in physical
functioning, eating behaviors, pain, and self-efficacy for
weight control. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that
incorporating a combined pain coping skills training and
behavioral weight loss intervention into medical management
of RA may improve outcomes. Study accrual and attrition, as
well as intervention adherence, will inform future, larger
randomized efficacy trials of the intervention.Retrospectively
registered: January 29, 2020, NCT04246827.},
Doi = {10.1097/RHU.0000000000001793},
Key = {fds359691}
}
@article{fds363335,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Mabe, S and Tyson, C and Avorgbedor, F and Watkins, LL and Lin, P-H and Kraus, WE and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Cerebrovascular Function, Vascular Risk, and Lifestyle
Patterns in Resistant Hypertension.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {87},
Number = {1},
Pages = {345-357},
Year = {2022},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-215522},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and
blunted cerebral hemodynamic recruitment are thought to be
important mechanisms linking hypertension to cerebrovascular
and cognitive outcomes. Few studies have examined
cardiovascular or dietary correlates of CVR among
hypertensives. OBJECTIVE: To delineate associations between
cardiometabolic risk, diet, and cerebrovascular functioning
among individuals with resistant hypertension from the
TRIUMPH trial (n = 140). METHODS: CVR was assessed by
examining changes in tissue oxygenation (tissue oxygenation
index [TOI] and oxygenated hemoglobin [HBO2]) using
functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a
breath holding test, a standardized CVR assessment to elicit
a hypercapnic response. Participants also underwent fNIRS
during three cognitive challenge tasks. Vascular function
was assessed by measurement of brachial artery flow-mediated
dilation and hyperemic flow response. Cardiometabolic
fitness was assessed from peak VO2 on an exercise treadmill
test and body mass index. Dietary patterns were quantified
using the DASH eating score. Cognitive function was assessed
using a 45-minute test battery assessing Executive Function,
Processing Speed, and Memory. RESULTS: Greater levels
fitness (B = 0.30, p = 0.011), DASH compliance
(B = 0.19, p = 0.045), and lower obesity
(B = -0.30, p = 0.004), associated with greater
changes in TOI, whereas greater flow-mediated dilation
(B = 0.19, p = 0.031) and lower stroke risk
(B = -0.19, p = 0.049) associated with greater HBO2.
Similar associations were found for cerebral hemodynamic
recruitment, and associations between CVR and cognition were
moderated by duration of hypertension. CONCLUSION: Impaired
CVR elevated cardiometabolic risk, obesity, vascular
function, and fitness among hypertensives.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-215522},
Key = {fds363335}
}
@article{fds359742,
Author = {Saco-Ledo, G and Valenzuela, PL and Ramírez-Jiménez, M and Morales,
JS and Castillo-García, A and Blumenthal, JA and Ruilope, LM and Lucia,
A},
Title = {Acute Aerobic Exercise Induces Short-Term Reductions in
Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1844-1858},
Year = {2021},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18099},
Abstract = {[Figure: see text].},
Doi = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18099},
Key = {fds359742}
}
@article{fds358934,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Jiang, W and Hinderliter, A and Watkins, LL and Hoffman, BM and Kraus, WE and Liao, L and Davidson, J and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effect of Exercise, Escitalopram, or Placebo on Anxiety in
Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: The Understanding the
Benefits of Exercise and Escitalopram in Anxious Patients
With Coronary Heart Disease (UNWIND) Randomized Clinical
Trial.},
Journal = {Jama Psychiatry},
Volume = {78},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1270-1278},
Year = {2021},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2236},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Anxiety is common among patients with coronary
heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse health
outcomes; however, effective treatment for anxiety in
patients with CHD is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine
whether exercise and escitalopram are better than placebo in
reducing symptoms of anxiety as measured by the Hospital
Anxiety and Depression-Anxiety Subscale (HADS-A) and in
improving CHD risk biomarkers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
PARTICIPANTS: This randomized clinical trial was conducted
between January 2016 and May 2020 in a tertiary care
teaching hospital in the US and included 128 outpatients
with stable CHD and a diagnosed anxiety disorder or a HADS-A
score of 8 or higher who were older than 40 years,
sedentary, and not currently receiving mental health
treatment. INTERVENTIONS: Twelve weeks of aerobic exercise 3
times per week at an intensity of 70% to 85% heart rate
reserve, escitalopram (up to 20 mg per day), or placebo pill
equivalent. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome
was HADS-A score. CHD biomarkers included heart rate
variability, baroreflex sensitivity, and flow-mediated
dilation, along with 24-hour urinary catecholamines.
RESULTS: The study included 128 participants. The mean (SD)
age was 64.6 (9.6) years, and 37 participants (29%) were
women. Participants randomized to the exercise group and
escitalopram group reported greater reductions in HADS-A
(exercise, -4.0; 95% CI, -4.7 to -3.2; escitalopram, -5.7;
95% CI, -6.4 to -5.0) compared with those randomized to
placebo (-3.5; 95% CI, -4.5 to -2.4; P = .03);
participants randomized to escitalopram reported less
anxiety compared with those randomized to exercise (-1.67;
95% CI, -2.68 to -0.66; P = .002). Significant
postintervention group differences in 24-hour urinary
catecholamines were found (exercise z score = 0.05; 95%
CI, -0.2 to 0.3; escitalopram z score = -0.24; 95% CI,
-0.4 to 0; placebo z score = 0.36; 95% CI, 0 to 0.7),
with greater reductions in the exercise group and
escitalopram group compared with the placebo group
(F1,127 = 4.93; P = .01) and greater reductions in
the escitalopram group compared with the exercise group
(F1,127 = 4.37; P = .04). All groups achieved
comparable but small changes in CHD biomarkers, with no
differences between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS AND
RELEVANCE: Treatment of anxiety with escitalopram was safe
and effective for reducing anxiety in patients with CHD.
However, the beneficial effects of exercise on anxiety
symptoms were less consistent. Exercise and escitalopram did
not improve CHD biomarkers of risk, which should prompt
further investigation of these interventions on clinical
outcomes in patients with anxiety and CHD. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT02516332.},
Doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2236},
Key = {fds358934}
}
@article{fds360047,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Smith, P and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal,
J},
Title = {Lifestyle Interventions Reduce the Need for
Guideline-Directed Antihypertensive Medication.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {34},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1100-1107},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpab090},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The 2017 ACC-AHA Hypertension Guideline
recommends initiation of antihypertensive drug therapy based
on blood pressure (BP) and an assessment of global
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but intensive lifestyle
modification may lower BP to below recommended thresholds
for treatment in some patients. METHODS: We examined the
effects of lifestyle modification on calculated CVD risk and
on the indications for BP-lowering medications in
individuals with untreated hypertension. Participants
included 144 adults with BP 130-160/80-99 mm Hg who were
randomized to 16 weeks of DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension) diet plus behavioral weight management (DASH +
WM), DASH diet alone (DASH), or Usual Care. RESULTS: The
mean age of the study cohort was 52.0 years; the average
baseline BP was 138 ± 9/86 ± 6 mm Hg. The 10-year CVD
risk, as calculated by the Pooled Cohort Equations, was
5.7%. The adjusted 10-year risk fell to 4.4% in the DASH +
WM group and to 5.0% in the DASH arm, but was not
significantly changed (5.7%) in the Usual Care controls. The
percentages of participants with guideline-based indications
for antihypertensive drugs fell from 51% to 18% in the DASH
+ WM group and from 48% to 22% in the DASH group; and did
not change significantly (49% to 44%) in the Usual Care
group (P = 0.010 for the active intervention groups vs.
Usual Care; P = 0.042 for DASH + WM vs. DASH). CONCLUSIONS:
These data demonstrate that in men and women with mildly
elevated BP, lifestyle interventions can lower the
calculated CVD risk and dramatically decrease the number of
individuals for whom guideline-directed antihypertensive
medication is indicated.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpab090},
Key = {fds360047}
}
@article{fds359285,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Watkins, LL and Craighead, L and Ingle, K and Tyson, C and Lin, P-H and Kraus, WE and Liao, L and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Patients With Resistant
Hypertension: Results of the TRIUMPH Randomized Clinical
Trial.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {144},
Number = {15},
Pages = {1212-1226},
Year = {2021},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055329},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although lifestyle modifications generally are
effective in lowering blood pressure (BP) among patients
with unmedicated hypertension and in those treated with 1 or
2 antihypertensive agents, the value of exercise and diet
for lowering BP in patients with resistant hypertension is
unknown. METHODS: One hundred forty patients with resistant
hypertension (mean age, 63 years; 48% female; 59% Black; 31%
with diabetes; 21% with chronic kidney disease) were
randomly assigned to a 4-month program of lifestyle
modification (C-LIFE [Center-Based Lifestyle Intervention])
including dietary counseling, behavioral weight management,
and exercise, or a single counseling session providing SEPA
(Standardized Education and Physician Advice). The primary
end point was clinic systolic BP; secondary end points
included 24-hour ambulatory BP and select cardiovascular
disease biomarkers including baroreflex sensitivity to
quantify the influence of the baroreflex on heart rate,
high-frequency heart rate variability to assess vagally
mediated modulation of heart rate, flow-mediated dilation to
evaluate endothelial function, pulse wave velocity to assess
arterial stiffness, and left ventricular mass to
characterize left ventricular structure. RESULTS:
Between-group comparisons revealed that the reduction in
clinic systolic BP was greater in C-LIFE (-12.5 [95% CI,
-14.9 to -10.2] mm Hg) compared with SEPA(-7.1 [-95% CI,
10.4 to -3.7] mm Hg) (P=0.005); 24-hour ambulatory
systolic BP also was reduced in C-LIFE (-7.0 [95% CI, -8.5
to -4.0] mm Hg), with no change in SEPA (-0.3 [95% CI,
-4.0 to 3.4] mm Hg) (P=0.001). Compared with SEPA, C-LIFE
resulted in greater improvements in resting baroreflex
sensitivity (2.3 ms/mm Hg [95% CI, 1.3 to 3.3] versus -1.1
ms/mm Hg [95% CI, -2.5 to 0.3]; P<0.001), high-frequency
heart rate variability (0.4 ln ms2 [95% CI, 0.2 to 0.6]
versus -0.2 ln ms2 [95% CI, -0.5 to 0.1]; P<0.001), and
flow-mediated dilation (0.3% [95% CI, -0.3 to 1.0] versus
-1.4% [95% CI, -2.5 to -0.3]; P=0.022). There were no
between-group differences in pulse wave velocity (P=0.958)
or left ventricular mass (P=0.596). CONCLUSIONS: Diet and
exercise can lower BP in patients with resistant
hypertension. A 4-month structured program of diet and
exercise as adjunctive therapy delivered in a cardiac
rehabilitation setting results in significant reductions in
clinic and ambulatory BP and improvement in selected
cardiovascular disease biomarkers. Registration: URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier:
NCT02342808.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055329},
Key = {fds359285}
}
@article{fds366326,
Author = {Escobar-Roldan, ID and Babyak, MA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Exercise Prescription Practices to Improve Mental
Health.},
Journal = {J Psychiatr Pract},
Volume = {27},
Number = {4},
Pages = {273-282},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000554},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: There is growing evidence that higher levels of
physical activity are associated with better mental health.
Furthermore, interventional studies have shown that exercise
may improve symptoms in a number of psychiatric conditions.
Despite this evidence, relatively little information is
available about how these findings have been translated into
clinical practice. The goal of this study was to
characterize the exercise prescribing practices of health
care providers from different subspecialties and evaluate
factors that may influence their prescribing practices.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among faculty
and staff from a large academic tertiary care medical center
in the southeastern United States. Participants were invited
to complete the survey via email or departmental
newsletters. Descriptive statistics were used to
characterize the sample and ordered logistic regression was
used to analyze practices about exercise as a therapy for
psychiatric illness. RESULTS: A total of 185 respondents
completed the survey. More than half of the providers (58%)
reported that they regularly recommend exercise as part of
the treatment for patients with psychiatric conditions;
however, few providers offered specific exercise
instructions (24%) or followed national guidelines (30%).
Depression (84.9%) and anxiety (69.2%) were the most common
indications for exercise prescription, while insufficient
knowledge or training was the most common barrier to
prescribing exercise. We also found significant differences
in prescription practices depending on the providers' formal
clinical degree and their reported personal exercise habits.
CONCLUSIONS: Exercise is recognized by most clinicians as a
therapeutic option for psychiatric conditions. Despite this
recognition, only a small proportion provide recommendations
consistent with national guidelines or empirical
research.},
Doi = {10.1097/PRA.0000000000000554},
Key = {fds366326}
}
@article{fds357274,
Author = {Malian, HM and Smith, PJ and Hoffman, B and Jiang, W and Ammerman, K and Kraus, WE and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Effects of Acute Exercise on Anxiety Ratings in Patients
With Coronary Heart Disease and Elevated
Anxiety.},
Journal = {J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev},
Volume = {41},
Number = {4},
Pages = {277-281},
Year = {2021},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000579},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To explore individual differences in state anxiety
following a single, acute bout of aerobic exercise among
anxious patients with diagnosed coronary heart disease
(CHD). METHODS: One hundred eighteen CHD patients with
elevated symptoms of anxiety enrolled in the UNderstanding
the Benefits of Exercise and Escitalopram in Anxious
Patients WIth coroNary Heart Disease (UNWIND) clinical trial
rated their level of anxiety using a 100-mm visual analog
scale before and after a symptom-limited exercise treadmill
test. A number of exercise (eg, peak oxygen uptake, exercise
duration, maximum heart rate, anaerobic threshold) and
psychological variables were examined as potential
predictors of exercise response. Changes in anxiety and
their association with psychological variables were examined
using general linear models. RESULTS: Fifty patients (42%)
rated a reduction in anxiety relative to their pre-exercise
ratings following the exercise treadmill test. While a
number of factors were examined, the only factor that
distinguished those individuals who reported a reduction in
anxiety symptoms compared with those who either remained the
same or actually reported an increase in anxiety was a
higher pre-exercise visual analog scale anxiety rating. No
differences were observed as a function of sex, severity of
trait anxiety, the presence of an anxiety disorder, exercise
test duration, or age. CONCLUSIONS: Although many variables
were examined, only higher baseline anxiety distinguished
those who showed a reduction in their visual analog scale
ratings from those whose anxiety remained the same or got
worse. The extent to which the response to acute exercise
predicts the anxiolytic effects of chronic exercise needs
further study.},
Doi = {10.1097/HCR.0000000000000579},
Key = {fds357274}
}
@article{fds270999,
Author = {Choo, CS and Chen, Y and McHoney, M},
Title = {Regarding: Optimal timing for inguinal hernia repair in
premature infants: A systematic review and
meta-analysis.},
Journal = {J Pediatr Surg},
Volume = {56},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1083-1084},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.12.030},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.12.030},
Key = {fds270999}
}
@article{fds354356,
Author = {Contributors to the C4 article},
Title = {C4 article: Implications of COVID-19 in transplantation.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1801-1815},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.16346},
Abstract = {A novel coronavirus has had global impact on individual
health and health care delivery. In this C4 article,
contributors discuss various aspects of transplantation
including donor and recipient screening, management of
infected patients, and prevention of coronavirus disease
(COVID). Donor screening with SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid
testing (NAT) close to the time of procurement is
recommended. Many programs are also screening all potential
recipients at the time of admission. The management of COVID
has evolved with remdesivir emerging as a new potential
option for transplant recipients. Dexamethasone has also
shown promise and convalescent plasma is under study.
Prevention strategies for transplant candidates and
recipients are paramount. Pediatric-specific issues are also
discussed. Strategies for the psychological well-being of
patients and providers are also imperative, in addition to
future research priorities for transplantation.},
Doi = {10.1111/ajt.16346},
Key = {fds354356}
}
@article{fds355173,
Author = {Hayano, J and Ueda, N and Kisohara, M and Yuda, E and Watanabe, E and Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Risk stratification after acute myocardial infarction by
amplitude-frequency mapping of cyclic variation of heart
rate.},
Journal = {Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol},
Volume = {26},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e12825},
Year = {2021},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/anec.12825},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Blunted cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR),
measured as a decrease in CVHR amplitude (Acv), predicts
mortality risk after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
However, Acv also can be reduced in mild sleep apnea with
mild O2 desaturation. We investigated whether Acv's
predictive power for post-AMI mortality could be improved by
considering the effect of sleep apnea severity. METHODS: In
24-hr ECG in 265,291 participants of the Allostatic State
Mapping by Ambulatory ECG Repository project, sleep apnea
severity was estimated by the frequency of CVHR (Fcv)
measured by an automated algorithm for auto-correlated wave
detection by adaptive threshold (ACAT). The distribution of
Acv on the Acv-Fcv relation map was modeled by percentile
regression, and a function converting Acv into percentile
value was developed. In the retrospective cohort of the
Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD)
study, consisting of 673 survivors and 44 non-survivors
after AMI, the mortality predictive power of percentile Acv
calculated by the function was compared with that of
unadjusted Acv. RESULTS: Among the ALLSTAR ECG data, low Acv
values appeared more likely when Fcv was low. The logistic
regression analysis for mortality in the ENRICHD cohort
showed c-statistics of 0.667 (SE, 0.041), 0.817 (0.035), and
0.843 (0.030) for Fcv, unadjusted Acv, and the percentile
Acv, respectively. Compared with unadjusted Acv, the
percentile Acv showed a significant net reclassification
improvement of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.51-1.42). CONCLUSIONS: The
predictive power of Acv for post-AMI mortality is improved
by considering its relation to sleep apnea severity
estimated by Fcv.},
Doi = {10.1111/anec.12825},
Key = {fds355173}
}
@article{fds352913,
Author = {Hill, LK and Wu, JQ and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Actigraphy-Derived Sleep Efficiency Is Associated With
Endothelial Function in Men and Women With Untreated
Hypertension.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {207-211},
Year = {2021},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpaa167},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Poor sleep quality is increasingly recognized as
an important and potentially modifiable risk factor for
cardiovascular disease (CVD). Impaired endothelial function
may be 1 mechanism underlying the association between poor
sleep and CVD risk. The present study examined the
relationship between objective measures of sleep quality and
endothelial function in a sample of untreated hypertensive
adults. METHODS: Participants were 127 men (N = 74) and
women (N = 53), including 55 African Americans and 72 White
Americans, aged 40-60 years (mean age, 45.3 ± 8.5 years),
with untreated hypertension (systolic blood pressure 130-159
mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure 85-99 mm Hg).
Noninvasive brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was
assessed by ultrasound. Sleep parameters, including sleep
efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), and subjective
sleep quality, were assessed over 7 consecutive days by
wrist actigraphy. RESULTS: Participants averaged 7.76 ± 1
hours in bed, with an average SE of 78 ± 9%, and TST of 6
± 1 hours. Brachial FMD averaged 3.5 ± 3.1%. In
multivariate analyses controlling for sex, race, body mass
index, clinic blood pressure, income, smoking, alcohol use,
and baseline arterial diameter, SE was positively associated
with FMD (β = 0.28, P = 0.012). Subjective sleep quality
(β = -0.04, P = 0.63) and TST (β = -0.11, P = 0.25) were
unrelated to FMD. CONCLUSIONS: Poor sleep as indicated by
low SE was associated with impaired FMD. These findings for
SE are consistent with previous observations of other
measures implicating poor sleep as a CVD risk factor.
Interventions that improve sleep may also help lower CVD
risk.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpaa167},
Key = {fds352913}
}
@article{fds351412,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Craighead, WE and Davidson, J and Hinderliter, A and Hoffman, B and Doraiswamy, PM and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {The role of comorbid anxiety in exercise and depression
trials: Secondary analysis of the SMILE-II randomized
clinical trial.},
Journal = {Depress Anxiety},
Volume = {38},
Number = {2},
Pages = {124-133},
Year = {2021},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.23088},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To explore the anxiolytic effects of a 4-month
randomized, placebo-controlled trial of exercise and
antidepressant medication in patients with major depressive
disorder (MDD), and to examine the potential modifying
effects of anxiety in treating depressive symptoms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this secondary analysis of the
SMILE-II trial, 148 sedentary adults with MDD were
randomized to: (a) supervised exercise, (b) home-based
exercise, (c) sertraline, or (d) placebo control. Symptoms
of state anxiety measured by the Spielberger Anxiety
Inventory were examined before and after 4 months of
treatment. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Hamilton
Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II). Analyses were carried out using
general linear models. RESULTS: Compared to placebo
controls, the exercise and sertraline groups had lower state
anxiety scores (standardized difference = 0.3 [95%
CI = -0.6, -0.04]; p = 0.02) after treatment. Higher
pretreatment state anxiety was associated with poorer
depression outcomes in the active treatments compared to
placebo controls for both the HAMD (p = .004) and BDI-II
(p = .02). CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercise as well as
sertraline reduced symptoms of state anxiety in patients
with MDD. Higher levels of pretreatment anxiety attenuated
the effects of the interventions on depressive symptoms,
however, especially among exercisers. Patients with MDD with
higher comorbid state anxiety appear to be less likely to
benefit from exercise interventions in reducing depression
and thus may require supplemental treatment with special
attention to anxiety.},
Doi = {10.1002/da.23088},
Key = {fds351412}
}
@article{fds355461,
Author = {Hayano, J and Ueda, N and Kisohara, M and Yuda, E and Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Survival Predictors of Heart Rate Variability After
Myocardial Infarction With and Without Low Left Ventricular
Ejection Fraction.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
Volume = {15},
Pages = {610955},
Year = {2021},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.610955},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR)
dynamics are used to predict the survival probability of
patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the
association has been established in patients with mixed
levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether the survival predictors
of HRV and HR dynamics depend on LVEF after AMI. METHODS: We
studied 687 post-AMI patients including 147 with LVEF ≤35%
and 540 with LVEF >35%, of which 23 (16%) and 22 (4%) died
during the 25 month follow-up period, respectively. None had
an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator. From baseline 24 h
ECG, the standard deviation (SDNN), root mean square of
successive difference (rMSSD), percentage of successive
difference >50 ms (pNN50) of normal-to-normal R-R interval,
ultra-low (ULF), very-low (VLF), low (LF), and high (HF)
frequency power, deceleration capacity (DC), short-term
scaling exponent (α1), non-Gaussianity index (λ25 s), and
the amplitude of cyclic variation of HR (Acv) were
calculated. RESULTS: The predictors were categorized into
three clusters; DC, SDNN, α1, ULF, VLF, LF, and Acv as
Cluster 1, λ25 s independently as Cluster 2, and rMSSD,
pNN50, and HF as Cluster 3. In univariate analyses,
mortality was best predicted by indices belonging to Cluster
1 regardless of LVEF. In multivariate analyses, however,
mortality in patients with low LVEF was best predicted by
the combinations of Cluster 1 predictors or Cluster 1 and 3
predictors, whereas in patients without low LVEF, it was
best predicted by the combinations of Cluster 1 and 2
predictors. CONCLUSION: The mortality risk in post-AMI
patients with low LVEF is predicted by indices reflecting
decreased HRV or HR responsiveness and cardiac
parasympathetic dysfunction, whereas in patients without low
LVEF, the risk is predicted by a combination of indices that
reflect decreased HRV or HR responsiveness and indicator
that reflects abrupt large HR changes suggesting sympathetic
involvement.},
Doi = {10.3389/fnins.2021.610955},
Key = {fds355461}
}
@article{fds352914,
Author = {Chen, L and Zhu, H and Su, S and Harshfield, G and Sullivan, J and Webb, C and Blumenthal, JA and Wang, X and Huang, Y and Treiber, FA and Kapuku, G and Li, W and Dong, Y},
Title = {High-Mobility Group Box-1 Is Associated With Obesity,
Inflammation, and Subclinical Cardiovascular Risk Among
Young Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.},
Journal = {Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol},
Volume = {40},
Number = {11},
Pages = {2776-2784},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314599},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We aimed to characterize circulating HMGB1
(high-mobility group box-1) levels, one of the
better-characterized damage-associated molecular patterns,
with respect to age, sex, and race in the general
population, and investigate the longitudinal associations of
HMGB1 with inflammatory markers, obesity, and preclinical
markers of cardiovascular disease. Approach and Results: The
analyses included 489 participants (50% Blacks, aged
24.6±3.3 years at the first visit) with up to 4 follow-up
visits (1149 samples) over a maximum of 8.5 years. Systolic
blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, carotid-femoral
pulse wave velocity, and carotid intima-media thickness
together with plasma HMGB1, hs-CRP (high-sensitivity
C-reactive protein), IFN-γ (interferon-γ), IL-6
(interleukin-6), IL-10 (interleukin-10), and TNF-α (tumor
necrosis factor-α) were measured at each visit. At
baseline, plasma HMGB1 concentrations were higher in Blacks
compared with Whites (3.86 versus 3.20 ng/mL, P<0.001), and
in females compared with males (3.75 versus 3.30 ng/mL,
P=0.005). HMGB1 concentrations increased with age (P=0.007),
and higher levels of obesity measures (P<0.001). Without
adjustment for age, sex, race, and body mass index, HMGB1
concentrations were positively associated with hs-CRP, IL-6,
TNF-α, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,
and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (P<0.05) but not
IL-10, IFN-γ or carotid intima-media thickness. After
covariate adjustments, the associations of HMGB1 with
hs-CRP, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity remained
statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study
demonstrates the age, sex, and race differences in
circulating HMGB1. The increasing circulating concentrations
of HMGB1 with age suggest a potential role of HMGB1 in the
pathogenesis of chronic low-grade inflammation, obesity, and
subclinical cardiovascular disease risk.},
Doi = {10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314599},
Key = {fds352914}
}
@article{fds366327,
Author = {Chu, MC and Smith, PJ and Reynolds, JM and Palmer, SM and Snyder, LD and Gray, AL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Depression, Immunosuppressant Levels, and Clinical Outcomes
in Postlung Transplant Recipients.},
Journal = {Int J Psychiatry Med},
Volume = {55},
Number = {6},
Pages = {421-436},
Year = {2020},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091217420906637},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Posttransplant depression has been linked to
increased risk for adverse outcomes in lung transplant
patients. Maintaining target serum immunosuppressant levels
is also essential for optimal lung transplant clinical
outcome and may be a crucial predictor of outcomes. Because
depression could affect medication nonadherence, resulting
in out-of-range immunosuppressant levels, we examined the
relationship between posttransplant depression,
immunosuppressant medication trough level variability,
indexed by out-of-range values on clinical outcomes and
coefficient of variability, and clinical outcomes. METHOD: A
consecutive series of 236 lung transplant recipients
completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression
two-month posttransplant. Immunosuppressant trough levels
(i.e., tacrolimus or cyclosporine) within the range of
individualized immunosuppressant targets were obtained at
three-, six-, nine-month follow-up clinic visits. Clinical
outcomes including hospitalizations and mortality were
obtained from medical records. RESULTS: Fourteen percent of
patients were classified as depressed (Center for
Epidemiological Studies-Depression ≥16), 144 (61%) of
patients had at least 25% out-of-range immunosuppressant
values, and the average coefficient of variability was 36%.
Over a median of 2.6 years (interquartile
range = 1.2), 32 participants died (14%) and 144 (61%)
had at least one unplanned, transplant-related
hospitalization. Both depression (hazard ratio = 1.45
(1.19, 1.76), p < . 01) and immunosuppressant
variation (immunosuppressant out-of-range: hazard
ratio = 1.41 (1.10, 1.81), p < .01) independently
predicted more frequent hospitalizations and higher
mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Early posttransplant depression was
associated with significantly worse clinical outcomes. While
immunosuppressant level variability is also related to
adverse outcomes, such variability does not account for
increased risk observed with depression.},
Doi = {10.1177/0091217420906637},
Key = {fds366327}
}
@article{fds366328,
Author = {Willeit, P and Tschiderer, L and Allara, E and Reuber, K and Seekircher,
L and Gao, L and Liao, X and Lonn, E and Gerstein, HC and Yusuf, S and Brouwers, FP and Asselbergs, FW and van Gilst, W and Anderssen, SA and Grobbee, DE and Kastelein, JJP and Visseren, FLJ and Ntaios, G and Hatzitolios, AI and Savopoulos, C and Nieuwkerk, PT and Stroes, E and Walters, M and Higgins, P and Dawson, J and Gresele, P and Guglielmini,
G and Migliacci, R and Ezhov, M and Safarova, M and Balakhonova, T and Sato, E and Amaha, M and Nakamura, T and Kapellas, K and Jamieson, LM and Skilton, M and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and van Agtmael, MA and Reiss, P and van Vonderen, MGA and Kiechl, S and Klingenschmid, G and Sitzer, M and Stehouwer, CDA and Uthoff, H and Zou, Z-Y and Cunha, AR and Neves, MF and Witham, MD and Park,
H-W and Lee, M-S and Bae, J-H and Bernal, E and Wachtell, K and Kjeldsen,
SE and Olsen, MH and Preiss, D and Sattar, N and Beishuizen, E and Huisman,
MV and Espeland, MA and Schmidt, C and Agewall, S and Ok, E and Aşçi, G and de Groot, E and Grooteman, MPC and Blankestijn, PJ and Bots, ML and Sweeting, MJ and Thompson, SG and Lorenz, MW and PROG-IMT and the
Proof-ATHERO Study Groups},
Title = {Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression as Surrogate
Marker for Cardiovascular Risk: Meta-Analysis of 119
Clinical Trials Involving 100 667 Patients.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {142},
Number = {7},
Pages = {621-642},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046361},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: To quantify the association between effects of
interventions on carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT)
progression and their effects on cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk. METHODS: We systematically collated data from
randomized, controlled trials. cIMT was assessed as the mean
value at the common-carotid-artery; if unavailable, the
maximum value at the common-carotid-artery or other cIMT
measures were used. The primary outcome was a combined CVD
end point defined as myocardial infarction, stroke,
revascularization procedures, or fatal CVD. We estimated
intervention effects on cIMT progression and incident CVD
for each trial, before relating the 2 using a Bayesian
meta-regression approach. RESULTS: We analyzed data of 119
randomized, controlled trials involving 100 667 patients
(mean age 62 years, 42% female). Over an average follow-up
of 3.7 years, 12 038 patients developed the combined CVD end
point. Across all interventions, each 10 μm/y reduction of
cIMT progression resulted in a relative risk for CVD of 0.91
(95% Credible Interval, 0.87-0.94), with an additional
relative risk for CVD of 0.92 (0.87-0.97) being achieved
independent of cIMT progression. Taken together, we
estimated that interventions reducing cIMT progression by
10, 20, 30, or 40 μm/y would yield relative risks of 0.84
(0.75-0.93), 0.76 (0.67-0.85), 0.69 (0.59-0.79), or 0.63
(0.52-0.74), respectively. Results were similar when
grouping trials by type of intervention, time of conduct,
time to ultrasound follow-up, availability of
individual-participant data, primary versus secondary
prevention trials, type of cIMT measurement, and proportion
of female patients. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of intervention
effects on cIMT progression predicted the degree of CVD risk
reduction. This provides a missing link supporting the
usefulness of cIMT progression as a surrogate marker for CVD
risk in clinical trials.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046361},
Key = {fds366328}
}
@article{fds366329,
Author = {Yano, Y and Viera, AJ and Hinderliter, AL and Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Johnson, KS and Hill, LK and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Vascular α1-Adrenergic Receptor Responsiveness in Masked
Hypertension.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {33},
Number = {8},
Pages = {713-717},
Year = {2020},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpaa032},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Masked hypertension (nonhypertensive in the
clinic setting but hypertensive outside the clinic during
wakefulness) is characterized by increased blood pressure in
response to physical and emotional stressors that activate
the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). However, no studies
have assessed vascular reactivity to a pharmacological SNS
challenge in individuals with masked hypertension. METHODS:
We analyzed data from 161 adults aged 25 to 45 years (mean
± standard deviation age 33 ± 6 years; 48% were African
American and 43% were female). Participants completed
ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and a standardized
α 1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine test that determines
the dose of phenylephrine required to increase a
participant's mean arterial pressure by 25 mm Hg (PD25).
RESULTS: Twenty-one participants were considered to have
masked hypertension (clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP)
<140 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90 mm Hg but awake
SBP ≥135 or DBP ≥85 mm Hg), 28 had sustained
hypertension (clinic SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 mm Hg and awake
SBP ≥135 or DBP ≥85 mm Hg), and 106 had sustained
normotension (clinic SBP <140 and DBP <90 mm Hg and awake
SBP <135 and DBP <85 mm Hg). After multivariable adjustment,
the mean (±SE) PD25 was less in participants with masked
hypertension compared with their counterparts with sustained
normotension (222.1 ± 33.2 vs. 328.7 ± 15.0; P = 0.012),
but similar to that observed in subjects with sustained
hypertension (254.8 ± 31.0; P =0.12). CONCLUSIONS: Among
young and middle-aged adults, masked hypertension is
associated with increased vascular reactivity to a SNS
challenge, which may contribute to elevated awake BPs as
well as to increased cardiovascular disease
risk.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpaa032},
Key = {fds366329}
}
@article{fds347141,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, A and Welsh-Bohmer, K and Browndyke, JN and Doraiswamy, PM and Lin, P-H and Kraus, WE and Burke, JR and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Longer Term Effects of Diet and Exercise on Neurocognition:
1-Year Follow-up of the ENLIGHTEN Trial.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {559-568},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16252},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the longer term changes in executive
functioning among participants with cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk factors and cognitive impairments with no
dementia (CIND) randomized to a diet and exercise
intervention. DESIGN: A 2 (Exercise) × 2 (Dietary
Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH] eating plan)
factorial randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Academic
tertiary care medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample
of 160 older sedentary adults with CIND and at least one
additional CVD risk factor enrolled in the ENLIGHTEN trial
between December 2011 and March 2016. INTERVENTIONS: Six
months of aerobic exercise (AE), DASH diet counseling,
combined AE + DASH, or health education (HE) controls.
MEASUREMENTS: Neurocognitive battery recommended by the
Neuropsychological Working Group for Vascular Cognitive
Disorders including measures of executive function, memory,
and language/verbal fluency. Secondary outcomes included the
Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Six-Minute
Walk Distance (6MWD), and CVD risk including blood pressure,
body weight, and CVD medication burden. RESULTS: Despite
discontinuation of lifestyle changes, participants in the
exercise groups retained better executive function 1 year
post-intervention (P = .041) compared with non-exercise
groups, with a similar, albeit weaker, pattern in the DASH
groups (P = .054), without variation over time
(P's > .867). Participants in the exercise groups also
achieved greater sustained improvements in 6MWD compared
with non-Exercise participants (P < .001). Participants
in the DASH groups exhibited lower CVD risk relative to
non-DASH participants (P = .032); no differences in CVD risk
were observed for participants in the Exercise groups
compared with non-Exercise groups (P = .711). In post hoc
analyses, the AE + DASH group had better performance on
executive functioning (P < .001) and CDR-SB (P = .011)
compared with HE controls. CONCLUSION: For participants with
CIND and CVD risk factors, exercise for 6 months promoted
better executive functioning compared with non-exercisers
through 1-year post-intervention, although its clinical
significance is uncertain. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:559-568,
2020.},
Doi = {10.1111/jgs.16252},
Key = {fds347141}
}
@article{fds349474,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Mabe, S and Snyder, L and Frankel, C and McKee, DC and Hamilton, N and Keefe, FJ and Shearer, S and Schwartz, J and Palmer, S},
Title = {Remote Therapy to Improve Outcomes in Lung Transplant
Recipients: Design of the INSPIRE-III Randomized Clinical
Trial.},
Journal = {Transplantation Direct},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e535},
Year = {2020},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000000979},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Impaired functional capacity and emotional
distress are associated with lower quality of life (QoL) and
worse clinical outcomes in post lung transplant patients.
Strategies to increase physical activity and reduce distress
are needed. METHODS: The Investigational Study of
Psychological Interventions in Recipients of Lung
Transplant-III study is a single site, parallel group
randomized clinical trial in which 150 lung transplant
recipients will be randomly assigned to 3 months of
telephone-delivered coping skills training combined with
aerobic exercise (CSTEX) or to a Standard of Care plus
Education control group. The primary endpoints are a global
measure of distress and distance walked on the 6-Minute Walk
Test. Secondary outcomes include measures of
transplant-specific QoL, frailty, health behaviors, and
chronic lung allograft dysfunction-free survival. RESULTS:
Participants will be evaluated at baseline, at the
conclusion of 3 months of weekly treatment, at 1-year
follow-up, and followed annually thereafter for clinical
events for up to 4 years (median = 2 y). We also will
determine whether functional capacity, distress, and health
behaviors (eg, physical activity, medication adherence, and
volume of air forcefully exhaled in 1 second (FEV1), mediate
the effects of the CSTEX intervention on clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Should the CSTEX intervention result in better
outcomes compared with the standard of care plus
post-transplant education, the remotely delivered CSTEX
intervention can be made available to all lung transplant
recipients as a way of enhancing their QoL and improving
clinical outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1097/TXD.0000000000000979},
Key = {fds349474}
}
@article{fds352915,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Mabe, SM and Sherwood, A and Doraiswamy, PM and Welsh-Bohmer, KA and Burke, JR and Kraus, WE and Lin, P-H and Browndyke,
JN and Babyak, MA and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Metabolic and Neurocognitive Changes Following Lifestyle
Modification: Examination of Biomarkers from the ENLIGHTEN
Randomized Clinical Trial.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1793-1803},
Year = {2020},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200374},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that aerobic
exercise (AE) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet can improve neurocognition.
However, the mechanisms by which lifestyle improves
neurocognition have not been widely studied. We examined the
associations between changes in metabolic, neurotrophic, and
inflammatory biomarkers with executive functioning among
participants from the Exercise and Nutritional Interventions
for Neurocognitive Health Enhancement (ENLIGHTEN) trial.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between changes in
metabolic function and neurocognition among older adults
with cognitive impairment, but without dementia (CIND)
participating in a comprehensive lifestyle intervention.
METHODS: ENLIGHTEN participants were randomized using a 2×2
factorial design to receive AE, DASH, both AE+DASH, or a
health education control condition (HE) for six months.
Metabolic biomarkers included insulin resistance
(homeostatic model assessment [HOMA-IR]), leptin, and
insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1); neurotrophic biomarkers
included brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and
vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); and inflammatory
biomarkers included interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive
Protein (CRP). RESULTS: Participants included 132 sedentary
older adults (mean age = 65 [SD = 7]) with CIND.
Results demonstrated that both AE (d = 0.48,
p = 0.015) and DASH improved metabolic function
(d = 0.37, p = 0.039), without comparable
improvements in neurotrophic or inflammatory biomarkers.
Greater improvements in metabolic function, including
reduced HOMA-IR (B = -2.3 [-4.3, -0.2], p = 0.033)
and increased IGF-1 (B = 3.4 [1.2, 5.7], p = 0.004),
associated with increases in Executive Function. CONCLUSION:
Changes in neurocognition after lifestyle modification are
associated with improved metabolic function.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-200374},
Key = {fds352915}
}
@article{fds341059,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Yu, X and Wu, Y and Shi, C and Zhang, A and Jiang, R and Li, S and Guo, G and Gao, R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Association of Depression and Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors
in Chinese Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes.},
Journal = {J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev},
Volume = {39},
Number = {6},
Pages = {E1-E5},
Year = {2019},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000384},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: This study sought to examine associations between
depression and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in Chinese
patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: This
cross-sectional study included 4043 ACS patients from 16
hospitals across China who participated in the I-Care
(Integrating Depression Care in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Patients) trial. Patients were enrolled between November
2014 and January 2017. Depression was assessed with the
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Five lifestyle
behaviors were assessed: smoking, drinking, body mass index
(BMI), physical activity, and sleep quality. RESULTS: A
total of 135 patients (3.3%) were considered clinically
depressed (PHQ-9 ≥10). After adjusting for covariates,
physical activity and sleep quality were inversely related
to PHQ-9 scores. Adjusted logistic models showed that
depressed patients were 1.7 times likely to be physically
inactive (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.15-2.64) and 4.6 times likely
to have poor sleep quality (OR = 4.60; 95% CI, 3.07-6.88)
compared with nondepressed patients. The association of
depression with smoking, unhealthy drinking, and unhealthy
BMI was not significant after adjustment for demographic
characteristics. Higher depression scores were found to be
associated with a greater number of unhealthy lifestyle
behaviors (P for trend < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The association
of depression and unhealthy lifestyles in post-ACS patients
suggests that reducing depressive symptoms and improving
healthy lifestyle behaviors could potentially improve
clinical outcomes in this vulnerable patient
population.},
Doi = {10.1097/HCR.0000000000000384},
Key = {fds341059}
}
@article{fds343522,
Author = {Klinger, RY and Cooter, M and Bisanar, T and Terrando, N and Berger, M and Podgoreanu, MV and Stafford-Smith, M and Newman, MF and Mathew, JP and Neurologic Outcomes Research Group of the Duke Heart
Center},
Title = {Intravenous Lidocaine Does Not Improve Neurologic Outcomes
after Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled
Trial.},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {130},
Number = {6},
Pages = {958-970},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002668},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline after cardiac surgery occurs
frequently and persists in a significant proportion of
patients. Preclinical studies and human trials suggest that
intravenous lidocaine may confer protection in the setting
of neurologic injury. It was hypothesized that lidocaine
administration would reduce cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery compared to placebo. METHODS: After institutional
review board approval, 478 patients undergoing cardiac
surgery were enrolled into this multicenter, prospective,
randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel
group trial. Subjects were randomized to lidocaine 1 mg/kg
bolus after the induction of anesthesia followed by a
continuous infusion (48 μg · kg · min for the first hour,
24 μg · kg · min for the second hour, and 10 μg · kg ·
min for the next 46 h) or saline with identical volume and
rate changes to preserve blinding. Cognitive function was
assessed preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 1 yr
postoperatively using a standard neurocognitive test
battery. The primary outcome was change in cognitive
function between baseline and 6 weeks postoperatively,
adjusting for age, years of education, baseline cognition,
race, and procedure type. RESULTS: Among the 420 allocated
subjects who returned for 6-week follow-up (lidocaine: N =
211; placebo: N = 209), there was no difference in the
continuous cognitive score change (adjusted mean difference
[95% CI], 0.02 (-0.05, 0.08); P = 0.626). Cognitive deficit
(greater than 1 SD decline in at least one cognitive domain)
at 6 weeks occurred in 41% (87 of 211) in the lidocaine
group versus 40% (83 of 209) in the placebo group (adjusted
odds ratio [95% CI], 0.94 [0.63, 1.41]; P = 0.766). There
were no differences in any quality of life outcomes between
treatment groups. At the 1-yr follow-up, there continued to
be no difference in cognitive score change, cognitive
deficit, or quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous
lidocaine administered during and after cardiac surgery did
not reduce postoperative cognitive decline at 6
weeks.},
Doi = {10.1097/ALN.0000000000002668},
Key = {fds343522}
}
@article{fds342567,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Zhu, Y and Koch, GG and Smith, PJ and Watkins, LL and Hinderliter, AL and Hoffman, BM and Rogers, JG and Chang, PP and O'Connor, C and Johnson, KS and Sherwood, A},
Title = {The modifying effects of social support on psychological
outcomes in patients with heart failure.},
Journal = {Health Psychology},
Volume = {38},
Number = {6},
Pages = {502-508},
Year = {2019},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/hea0000716},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We examined the modifying effects of social
support on depressive symptoms and health-related quality of
life (QoL) in patients receiving coping skills training
(CST). METHOD: We considered the modifying effects of social
support in the Coping Effectively with Heart Failure
clinical trial, which randomized 179 heart failure (HF)
patients to either 4 months of CST or usual care enhanced by
HF education (HFE). CST involved training in specific coping
techniques, whereas HFE involved education about HF
self-management. Social support was assessed by the
Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD)
Social Support Inventory, QoL was assessed with the Kansas
City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), and depression was
assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).
RESULTS: Linear regression models revealed a significant
Intervention Group × Baseline Social Support interaction
for change in KCCQ total scores (p = .006) and BDI-II scores
(p < .001). Participants with low social support assigned to
the CST intervention showed large improvements in KCCQ
scores (M = 11.2, 95% CI [5.7, 16.8]), whereas
low-social-support patients assigned to the HFE controls
showed no significant change (M = -0.8, 95% CI [-7.2, 5.6]).
Similarly, BDI-II scores in participants with low social
support in the CST group showed large reductions (M = -8.7,
95% CI [-11.3, -6.1]) compared with low-social-support HFE
participants (M = -3.0, 95% CI [-6.0, -0.1]). CONCLUSIONS:
HF patients with low social support benefit substantially
from telephone-based CST interventions. Targeting HF
patients with low social support for behavioral
interventions could prove to be a cost-effective strategy
for improving QoL and reducing depression. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights
reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/hea0000716},
Key = {fds342567}
}
@article{fds342506,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Mabe, SM and Schwartz, JE and Avorgbedor, F and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Neurocognition in treatment-resistant hypertension: profile
and associations with cardiovascular biomarkers.},
Journal = {J Hypertens},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1040-1047},
Year = {2019},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002002},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypertension in midlife has been associated with
increased risk of stroke and neurocognitive decline. Few
studies, however, have examined neurocognition among
individuals with treatment-resistant hypertension or
potential mechanisms by which treatment-resistant
hypertension may impair neurocognition. METHODS: We examined
the pattern of neurocognitive impairment and potential
mechanisms in a sample of 96 overweight adults with
treatment-resistant hypertension, aged 41-81 years.
Neurocognitive function was assessed using a 45-min test
battery consisting of executive function and memory.
Vascular and metabolic mechanisms examined included
cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRFs: Framingham Stroke Risk
Profile), insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment
of insulin resistance), waist-to-hip ratio, microvascular
function (hyperemic response), and peak oxygen consumption
from an exercise treadmill test. Simple path analyses were
used to assess the association between potential vascular
and metabolic mechanisms and neurocognition. RESULTS:
Neurocognitive impairments were common, with 70% of the
sample exhibiting impaired performance on at least one
executive function subtest and 38% on at least one measure
of memory. Higher levels of aerobic fitness, greater insulin
sensitivity, and better microvascular function, as well as
lower CVRFs and waist-to-hip ratio were associated with
better neurocognition. In path analyses, aerobic fitness,
microvascular function, and CVRFs all were independently
associated with neurocognitive performance. Insulin
resistance associated with worse executive function but
better memory performance among older participants.
CONCLUSION: Neurocognitive impairments are common in adults
with treatment-resistant hypertension, particularly on tests
of executive function. Better neurocognition is
independently associated with aerobic fitness, microvascular
function, and CVRFs.},
Doi = {10.1097/HJH.0000000000002002},
Key = {fds342506}
}
@article{fds340610,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, A and Lin,
P-H and Liao, L and Welsh-Bohmer, KA and Browndyke, JN and Kraus, WE and Doraiswamy, PM and Burke, JR and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Lifestyle and neurocognition in older adults with cognitive
impairments: A randomized trial.},
Journal = {Neurology},
Volume = {92},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e212-e223},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006784},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the independent and additive effects
of aerobic exercise (AE) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet on executive functioning in adults
with cognitive impairments with no dementia (CIND) and risk
factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: A 2-by-2
factorial (exercise/no exercise and DASH diet/no DASH diet)
randomized clinical trial was conducted in 160 sedentary men
and women (age >55 years) with CIND and CVD risk factors.
Participants were randomly assigned to 6 months of AE, DASH
diet nutritional counseling, a combination of both AE and
DASH, or health education (HE). The primary endpoint was a
prespecified composite measure of executive function;
secondary outcomes included measures of language/verbal
fluency, memory, and ratings on the modified Clinical
Dementia Rating Scale. RESULTS: Participants who engaged in
AE (d = 0.32, p = 0.046) but not those who consumed the DASH
diet (d = 0.30, p = 0.059) demonstrated significant
improvements in the executive function domain. The largest
improvements were observed for participants randomized to
the combined AE and DASH diet group (d = 0.40, p = 0.012)
compared to those receiving HE. Greater aerobic fitness (b =
2.3, p = 0.049), reduced CVD risk (b = 2.6, p = 0.042), and
reduced sodium intake (b = 0.18, p = 0.024) were associated
with improvements in executive function. There were no
significant improvements in the memory or language/verbal
fluency domains. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary findings
show that AE promotes improved executive functioning in
adults at risk for cognitive decline. CLINICALTRIALSGOV
IDENTIFIER: NCT01573546. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This
study provides Class I evidence that for adults with CIND,
AE but not the DASH diet significantly improves executive
functioning.},
Doi = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000006784},
Key = {fds340610}
}
@article{fds339901,
Author = {Das, A and Roy, B and Schwarzer, G and Silverman, MG and Ziegler, O and Bandyopadhyay, D and Philpotts, LL and Sinha, S and Blumenthal, JA and Das, S},
Title = {Comparison of treatment options for depression in heart
failure: A network meta-analysis.},
Journal = {J Psychiatr Res},
Volume = {108},
Pages = {7-23},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.10.007},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression independently predicts poor outcomes
in heart failure (HF) patients, including increased
mortality, morbidity and 30-day re-hospitalization. In this
network meta-analysis, we compared different interventions
designed to treat depression in HF. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Electronic searches were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE,
EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO up to November
2016. Included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) compared
interventions (Exercise therapy (ET), cognitive behavioral
therapy (CBT) or antidepressant (AD) medications) for
depression in heart failure patients. The primary outcome
was change in depressive symptoms based on validated
measures of depression. Network meta-analysis based on
random effects model estimating standardized mean difference
(SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI), compared the
effects of the 3 classes of interventions with respect to
usual care or placebo control conditions. RESULTS: A total
of 21 RCTs (including 4563 HF patients) reporting the
effects of treating depression in HF patients were included
in the analysis. In comparison to placebo or usual standard
of care, ET (SMD -0.38; 95% CI -0.54 to -0.22) and CBT (SMD
-0.29; 95% CI -0.58 to -0.01) were associated with reduction
in depressive symptoms whereas AD (SMD -0.16; 95% CI -0.44
to 0.11) was less effective. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis
is suggestive of therapeutic benefit of ET and CBT in
comparison to usual standard of care in treating depression
in HF patients. However, comparison among the three
interventions was not conclusive. Future randomized clinical
trials are warranted to compare the therapeutic effects of
ET, CBT and AD in such patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.10.007},
Key = {fds339901}
}
@article{fds338215,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Hill, LK and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {The Effects of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring on Sleep
Quality in Men and Women With Hypertension: Dipper vs.
Nondipper and Race Differences.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {32},
Number = {1},
Pages = {54-60},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpy138},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The nondipping circadian blood pressure (BP)
profile is associated with both poor sleep quality and
increased cardiovascular risk. The present study aimed to
clarify the potential confounding effects of 24-hour
ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) used to
characterize the circadian BP profile by assessing its
impact on sleep quality. METHODS: Participants were 121
middle-aged men and women with untreated hypertension (age =
46 ± 8 years; 43% women; 45% African-American). Subjective
sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep
Quality Index. Wrist actigraphy was used to measure sleep
quality objectively as sleep efficiency (SE) and total sleep
time (TST) on 7 consecutive non-ABPM days (baseline) and 3
subsequent 24-hour ABPM days. RESULTS: Average ambulatory BP
was 137.2 ± 10.8/84.3 ± 8.5 mm Hg during the day and 119.6
± 12.4/69.5 ± 9.8 mm Hg at night. Using the criterion of
<10% dip in systolic BP (SBP) to define nondippers, there
were 40 nondippers (SBP dip = 7.3 ± 2.6%) and 81 dippers
(SBP dip = 15.5 ± 3.4%). There was no effect of time on SE
or TST over non-ABPM and ABPM days, suggesting that ABPM
does not adversely affect sleep quality. Sleep quality was
generally poorer (lower SE) in nondippers compared with
dippers (P = 0.033), but differences were independent of
whether or not participants were undergoing 24-hour ABPM.
African-American race (P = 0.002) was also associated with
lower SE. CONCLUSION: Sleep quality generally appears to be
poor in men and women with untreated hypertension and
especially among African-Americans. Importantly, for both
dippers and nondippers, we found no evidence that ABPM had
an adverse effect on sleep quality.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpy138},
Key = {fds338215}
}
@article{fds341060,
Author = {Avorgbedor, F and Silva, S and Merwin, E and Blumenthal, JA and Holditch-Davis, D},
Title = {Health, Physical Growth, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in
Preterm Infants of Women With Hypertensive Disorders of
Pregnancy.},
Journal = {J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs},
Volume = {48},
Number = {1},
Pages = {69-77},
Year = {2019},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2018.10.003},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the health, physical growth, and
developmental outcomes in preterm infants of women with and
without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). DESIGN:
Cross-sectional analysis of health outcomes; physical growth
(head circumference, height, and weight) collected at birth
and 2 months, corrected for prematurity; and cognitive,
language, and motor skills of preterm infants of women with
and without HDP. SETTING: Four NICUs in the United States.
PARTICIPANTS: Women (n = 221) and their preterm infants who
weighed less than 1,750 g were enrolled in a multicenter,
randomized trial of two interventions administered by each
infant's mother when the infant was no longer critically
ill. METHODS: Women and their preterm infants were
categorized into groups with (n = 80) and without (control,
n = 141) HDP. Data were extracted from infants' medical
records, and the women completed questionnaires. RESULTS:
The infants of women with HDP were more likely to be small
for gestational age than the infants of women without HDP
(31.7% vs. 10.6%, p < .002). The proportion of infants
with greater neurologic risk, patent ductus arteriosus,
intraventricular hemorrhage, and days on a ventilator did
not differ between the groups. Although mean infant height
at 2 months was less in the HDP group than the control
group, other growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes did not
differ between the groups. CONCLUSION: Among preterm infants
admitted to NICUs, those born to women with HDP were more
likely to be small for gestational age than those born to
normotensive women. Additional research is needed to
optimize care for infants born to women with
HDP.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jogn.2018.10.003},
Key = {fds341060}
}
@article{fds336047,
Author = {Farquhar, JM and Stonerock, GL and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {When Something is Better Than Nothing: Response to Tully and
Cosh.},
Journal = {Psychosomatics},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {98-99},
Year = {2019},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2018.05.001},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psym.2018.05.001},
Key = {fds336047}
}
@article{fds346504,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Sherwood, A and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy, PM and Welsh-Bohmer, KA and Kraus, W and Burke, J and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Association Between Insulin Resistance, Plasma Leptin, and
Neurocognition in Vascular Cognitive Impairment.},
Journal = {J Alzheimers Dis},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {921-929},
Year = {2019},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190569},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Greater body weight has been associated
impairments in neurocognition and greater dementia risk,
although the mechanisms linking weight and neurocognition
have yet to be adequately delineated. OBJECTIVE: To examine
metabolic mechanisms underlying the association between
obesity and neurocognition. METHODS: We conducted a
secondary analysis of weight, neurocognition, and the
potentially mediating role of metabolic and inflammatory
biomarkers among 160 participants from the ENLIGHTEN trial
of vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND).
Neurocognition was assessed using a 45-minute assessment
battery assessing Executive Function, Verbal and Visual
Memory. We considered three metabolic biomarkers: insulin
resistance (homeostatic model assessment [HOMA-IR]), plasma
leptin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). Inflammation
was assessed using C-reactive protein. Multiple regression
analyses were used. RESULTS: Participants included 160
sedentary older adults with CIND. Participants tended to be
overweight or obese (mean BMI = 32.5 [SD = 4.8]).
Women exhibited higher BMI (p = 0.043), CRP
(p < 0.001), and leptin (p < 0.001) compared with
men. Higher BMI levels were associated with worse
performance on measures of Executive Function (β= -0.16,
p = 0.024) and Verbal Memory (β= -0.16,
p = 0.030), but not Visual Memory (β= 0.05,
p = 0.500). Worse metabolic biomarker profiles also were
associated with lower Executive Function (β= -0.12,
p = 0.050). Mediation analyses suggested leptin was a
plausible candidate as a mediator between BMI and Executive
Function. CONCLUSIONS: In overweight and obese adults with
vascular CIND, the association between greater weight and
poorer executive function may be mediated by higher leptin
resistance.},
Doi = {10.3233/JAD-190569},
Key = {fds346504}
}
@article{fds337029,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Watkins, LL and Hoffman, BM and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Microvascular Endothelial Function and Neurocognition Among
Adults With Major Depressive Disorder.},
Journal = {Am J Geriatr Psychiatry},
Volume = {26},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1061-1069},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2018.06.011},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and
endothelial dysfunction have been associated independently
with poorer neurocognition in middle-aged adults,
particularly on tests of frontal lobe function. However, to
our knowledge, no studies have examined markers of
microvascular dysfunction on neurocognition or the potential
interaction between macro- and microvascular biomarkers on
neurocognition in middle-aged and older adults with major
depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Participants included
202 adults with MDD who were not receiving mental health
treatment. Microvascular endothelial function was assessed
using a noninvasive marker of forearm reactive hyperemia
velocity while macrovascular endothelial function was
assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial
artery. CVRFs were assessed using the Framingham Stroke Risk
Profile and fasting lipid levels. A standardized
neurocognitive assessment battery was used to assess three
cognitive domains: executive function, working memory, and
verbal memory. RESULTS: Greater microvascular dysfunction
was associated with poorer neurocognition across all three
domains. Microvascular function continued to predict verbal
memory performance after accounting for background factors
and CVRFs. Macro- and microvascular function interacted to
predict working memory performance (F = 4.511, 178,
p = 0.035), with a similar nonsignificant association
for executive function (F = 2.731, 178, p = 0.095),
with moderate associations observed between microvascular
function and neurocognition in the presence of preserved FMD
(r61 = 0.40, p = 0.001), but not when FMD was
impaired (r63 = -0.05, p = 0.675). CONCLUSION:
Greater microvascular dysfunction is associated with poorer
neurocognition among middle-aged and older adults. This
association was strongest in participants with preserved
macrovascular function.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jagp.2018.06.011},
Key = {fds337029}
}
@article{fds339902,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Yu, X and Wu, Y and Shi, C and Zhang, A and Jiang, R and Li, S and Guo, G and Gao, R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {GW29-e0593 Association of Depression and Unhealthy Lifestyle
Behaviors in Chinese Patients with Acute Coronary
Syndromes},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {72},
Number = {16},
Pages = {C189-C190},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.834},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.834},
Key = {fds339902}
}
@article{fds339903,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {THE VALUE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT TRAINING IN EXERCISE-BASED
CARDIAC REHABILITATION},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {25},
Pages = {S99-S100},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
Key = {fds339903}
}
@article{fds338569,
Author = {Hayano, J and Yoshida, Y and Carbey, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Yuda,
E},
Title = {Blunted Cardiac Response to Sleep Apnea a Marker of
Depression after Acute Myocardial Infarction},
Journal = {2018 IEEE International Conference on Consumer
Electronics-Taiwan, ICCE-TW 2018},
Publisher = {IEEE},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
ISBN = {9781538663011},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-China.2018.8448812},
Abstract = {While depression is often overlooked in patients after acute
myocardial infarction (AMI), it is an important risk of
death among these patients. We examined if heart rate
variability (HRV) particularly those related to sleep apnea
can be a maker of depression after AMI. According to the
prognosis of depression, 707 post-AMI patients were divided
into 349 never, 138 remitting, 25 newly onset, and 195
persistent depression. Regardless of future prognosis,
currently depressed patients had higher heart rate, lower
HRV, and blunted cyclic variation of heart rate to sleep
apnea during the night.},
Doi = {10.1109/ICCE-China.2018.8448812},
Key = {fds338569}
}
@article{fds336044,
Author = {Li, S and Blumenthal, JA and Shi, C and Millican, D and Li, X and Du, X and Patel, A and Gao, P and Delong, E and Maulik, PK and Gao, R and Yu, X and Wu,
Y},
Title = {I-CARE randomized clinical trial integrating depression and
acute coronary syndrome care in low-resource hospitals in
China: Design and rationale.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {202},
Pages = {109-115},
Year = {2018},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2018.05.004},
Abstract = {Depression and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are both
common public health challenges. Patients with ACS often
develop depression, which in turn adversely affects
prognosis. Low-cost, sustainable, and effective service
models that integrate depression care into the management of
ACS patients to reduce depression and improve ACS outcomes
are critically needed. Integrating Depression Care in ACS
patients in Low Resource Hospitals in China (I-CARE) is a
multicenter, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the
efficacy of an 11-month integrated care (IC) intervention
compared to usual care (UC) in management of ACS patients.
Four thousand inpatients will be recruited and then
randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an IC intervention consisting
of nurse-led risk factor management, group-based counseling
supplemented by individual problem-solving therapy, and
antidepressant medications as needed, or to UC. The primary
outcomes are depression symptoms measured by the Patient
Health Questionnaire-9 at 6 and 12 months. Secondary
endpoints include anxiety measured by the Generalized
Anxiety Disorder-7; quality of life measured by the EQ-5D at
6 and 12 months; and major adverse events including the
combined end point of all-cause death, suicide attempts,
nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and
all-cause rehospitalization at yearly intervals for a median
follow-up of 2 years. Analyses of the cost-effectiveness
and cost-utility of IC also will be performed. I-CARE trial
will be the largest study to test the effectiveness of an
integrated care model on depression and cardiovascular
outcomes among ACS patients in resource-limited clinical
settings.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2018.05.004},
Key = {fds336044}
}
@article{fds336046,
Author = {Zhu, Y and Blumenthal, JA and Shi, C and Jiang, R and Patel, A and Zhang,
A and Yu, X and Gao, R and Wu, Y},
Title = {Sedentary Behavior and the Risk of Depression in Patients
With Acute Coronary Syndromes.},
Journal = {Am J Cardiol},
Volume = {121},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1456-1460},
Year = {2018},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.02.031},
Abstract = {Although there is good evidence that sedentary behavior is
associated with poor health outcomes in healthy persons and
patients with cardiovascular disease, the mental health
consequences of sedentary behavior have not been widely
studied. In this report, we conducted a cross-sectional
analysis to examine the relation of self-reported sedentary
behavior and depression in a sample of 4,043 hospitalized
men and women with acute coronary syndrome enrolled in a
randomized clinical trial in rural China. Sedentary behavior
was assessed by self-report, and depression was assessed
with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); a subset of
1,209 patients also completed the Beck Depression
Inventory-II. Results revealed that greater sedentary
behavior was associated with higher levels of depressive
symptoms measured by both the PHQ-9 (p <0.001) and the
Beck Depression Inventory-II (p <0.001). Compared with
patients who reported that they were seldom sedentary,
patients reporting that they were frequently sedentary were
4.7 times (odds ratio 4.73, 95% confidence interval 2.71 to
8.24) more likely to be clinically depressed defined as
PHQ-9 scores ≥10 after adjusting for demographic factors,
lifestyle behaviors, clinical characteristics, and
in-hospital treatments. In conclusion, greater sedentary
behavior is significantly related to greater depression in
Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome, independent
of physical activity. These findings suggest that strategies
to reduce sedentary behavior may improve medical outcomes
and reduce risk for depression.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.02.031},
Key = {fds336046}
}
@article{fds331180,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Snyder, LD and Palmer, SM and Hoffman, BM and Stonerock,
GL and Ingle, KK and Saulino, CK and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Depression, social support, and clinical outcomes following
lung transplantation: a single-center cohort
study.},
Journal = {Transpl Int},
Volume = {31},
Number = {5},
Pages = {495-502},
Year = {2018},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tri.13094},
Abstract = {Depressive symptoms are common among lung transplant
candidates and have been associated with poorer clinical
outcomes in some studies. Previous studies have been plagued
by methodologic problems, including small sample sizes, few
clinical events, and uncontrolled confounders, particularly
perioperative complications. In addition, few studies have
examined social support as a potential protective factor. We
therefore examined the association between pretransplant
depressive symptoms, social support, and mortality in a
large sample of lung transplant recipients. As a secondary
aim, we also examined the associations between psychosocial
factors, perioperative outcomes [indexed by hospital length
of stay (LOS)], and mortality. We hypothesized that
depression would be associated with longer LOS and that the
association between depression, social support, and
mortality would be moderated by LOS. Participants included
lung transplant recipients, transplanted at Duke University
Medical Center from January 2009 to December 2014.
Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI-II) and social support using the Perceived
Social Support Scale (PSSS). Medical risk factors included
forced vital capacity (FVC), partial pressure of carbon
dioxide (PCO2 ), donor age, acute rejection, and transplant
type. Functional status was assessed using six-minute walk
distance (6MWD). We also controlled for demographic factors,
including age, gender, and native disease. Transplant
hospitalization LOS was examined as a marker of
perioperative clinical outcomes. Participants included 273
lung recipients (174 restrictive, 67 obstructive, 26 cystic
fibrosis, and six "other"). Pretransplant depressive
symptoms were common, with 56 participants (21%) exhibiting
clinically elevated levels (BDI-II ≥ 14). Greater
depressive symptoms were associated with longer LOS
[adjusted b = 0.20 (2 days per 7-point higher BDI-II score),
P < 0.01]. LOS moderated the associations between depressive
symptoms (P = 0.019), social support (P < 0.001), and
mortality, such that greater depressive symptoms and lower
social support were associated with greater mortality only
among individuals with longer LOS. For individuals with LOS
≥ 1 month, clinically elevated depressive symptoms (BDI-II
≥ 14) were associated with a threefold increased risk of
mortality (HR = 2.97). Greater pretransplant depressive
symptoms and lower social support may be associated with
greater mortality among a subset of individuals with worse
perioperative outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1111/tri.13094},
Key = {fds331180}
}
@article{fds333684,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {The Role of Salt Reduction in the Management of
Hypertension.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {71},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1597-1598},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.01.071},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2018.01.071},
Key = {fds333684}
}
@article{fds336050,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Stonerock, GL and Ingle, KK and Saulino, CK and Hoffman,
B and Wasserman, B and Blumenthal, JA and Palmer, SM and Klapper, JA and Hartwig, MG and Esposito, VR and Snyder, LD},
Title = {Neurological Sequelae and Clinical Outcomes After Lung
Transplantation.},
Journal = {Transplantation Direct},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {e353},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000000766},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Neurological complications are common after lung
transplantation. However, no large cohort studies have
examined the incidence, predictors, and clinical
significance of neurological events sustained by lung
transplant recipients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective
cohort analysis of a consecutive series of lung transplant
recipients, transplanted at Duke University Medical Center
between May 2014 and February 2017 (n = 276). Early
neurological complications (ie, occurring during the first
week after transplant) were documented by transplant mental
health specialists and included delirium, ischemic injury,
and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Analyses
accounted for age, native disease, sex, type of transplant,
lung allocation score, and primary graft dysfunction. The
objectives of the study were to characterize the prevalence
and predictors of early neurological sequelae (NSE),
occurring during the first week posttransplant, and the
association between NSE and subsequent clinical outcomes,
including length of stay and mortality. RESULTS:
Neurological sequelae were common, occurring in 123 (45%)
patients. Fifty-seven patients died over a follow-up
interval of 2.1 years. The most common NSE were
postoperative delirium (n = 110 [40%]) and posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome (n = 12 [4%]), followed
by stroke/transient ischemic attack and neurotoxicity.
Higher lung allocation score was the strongest predictor of
delirium. The presence of a NSE was associated with longer
length of hospital stay (32 days vs 17 days, P < 0.001) and
greater mortality (hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence
interval, 1.09-3.32], P = 0.024), with the greatest
mortality risk occurring approximately 2 years after
transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Neurological events are
relatively common after lung transplantation and associated
with adverse clinical outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1097/TXD.0000000000000766},
Key = {fds336050}
}
@article{fds336048,
Author = {Chu, MC and Smith, PJ and Stonerock, GL and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {DEPRESSION AND MEDICATION NONADHERENCE FOLLOWING LUNG
TRANSPLANTATION},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {52},
Pages = {S560-S560},
Publisher = {OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds336048}
}
@article{fds336049,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {MICROVASCULAR FUNCTION AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AMONG
INDIVIDUALS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSION},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {A123-A124},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2018},
Month = {April},
Key = {fds336049}
}
@article{fds330458,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hoffman, BM and Davis, RD and Palmer,
SM},
Title = {Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and mortality following
lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {696-703},
Year = {2018},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14570},
Abstract = {Preliminary evidence suggests that postoperative cognitive
dysfunction (POCD) is common after lung transplantation. The
impact of POCD on clinical outcomes has yet to be studied.
The association between POCD and longer-term survival was
therefore examined in a pilot study of posttransplantation
survivors. Forty-nine participants from a prior randomized
clinical trial underwent a neurocognitive assessment battery
pretransplantation and 6 months posttransplantation,
including assessments of the domains of Executive Function
(Trail Making Test, Stroop, Digit Span), Processing Speed
(Ruff 2 and 7 Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test), and
Verbal Memory (Verbal Paired Associates, Logical Memory,
Animal Naming, and Controlled Oral Word Association Test).
During a 13-year follow-up, 33 (67%) participants died.
Greater neurocognition was associated with longer survival
(hazard ratio [HR] = 0.49 [0.25-0.96], P = .039), and
this association was strongest on tests assessing Processing
Speed (HR = 0.58 [0.36-0.95], P = .03) and Executive
Function (HR = 0.52 [0.28-0.97], P = .040). In addition,
unadjusted analyses suggested an association between greater
Memory performance and lower risk of CLAD (HR = 0.54
[0.29-1.00], P = .050). Declines in Executive Function
tended to be predictive of worse survival. These preliminary
findings suggest that postoperative neurocognition is
predictive of subsequent mortality among lung transplant
recipients. Further research is needed to confirm these
findings in a larger sample and to examine mechanisms
responsible for this relationship.},
Doi = {10.1111/ajt.14570},
Key = {fds330458}
}
@article{fds329487,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Hill, LK and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Circadian hemodynamics in men and women with high blood
pressure: dipper vs. nondipper and racial
differences.},
Journal = {J Hypertens},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {250-258},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001533},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The 'nondipping' pattern of circadian blood
pressure (BP) variation is an established independent
predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Although this
phenomenon has been widely studied, its underlying circadian
hemodynamics of cardiac output and systemic vascular
resistance (SVR) have not been well characterized. We
evaluated the hypothesis that BP nondipping would be
associated with a blunted night-time reduction in SVR in a
biracial sample of 140 (63 African-American and 77 white)
men and women with elevated clinic BP (130-159/85-99 mmHg).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory
hemodynamics were assessed using standard ambulatory BP
monitoring coupled with synchronized ambulatory impedance
cardiography. Using the criterion of less than 10% dip in
SBP, there were 51 nondippers (SBP dip = 7.3 ± 2.6%)
and 89 dippers (SBP dip = 15.5 ± 3.4%). There was
minimal change in cardiac output from daytime to night-time
in both dippers and nondippers. However, SVR decreased from
daytime to night-time, but nondippers compared with dippers
exhibited a significantly attenuated decrease in SVR from
daytime to night-time (7.8 vs. 16.1%, P < 0.001).
Relative to their white counterparts, African-Americans also
exhibited blunted SBP dipping (10.9 vs. 14.6%,
P < 0.001) as well as an attenuated decrease in SVR
(10.8 vs. 15.6%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Overall, these
findings indicate that blunted night-time BP dipping is
associated with impairment of the systemic vasodilation that
is characteristic of the night-time sleep period and is
especially prominent among African-Americans. In the context
of high BP, these findings suggest that nondipping may be a
manifestation, or marker, of more advanced vascular
disease.},
Doi = {10.1097/HJH.0000000000001533},
Key = {fds329487}
}
@article{fds336051,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Missing ingredients for a lifestyle recipe to treat
hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of Thoracic Disease},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {653-656},
Year = {2018},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.01.06},
Doi = {10.21037/jtd.2018.01.06},
Key = {fds336051}
}
@article{fds336045,
Author = {Farquhar, JM and Stonerock, GL and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Treatment of Anxiety in Patients With Coronary Heart
Disease: A Systematic Review.},
Journal = {Psychosomatics},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {318-332},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2018.03.008},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety is common in patients with coronary
heart disease (CHD) and is associated with an increased risk
for adverse outcomes. There has been a relative paucity of
studies concerning treatment of anxiety in patients with
CHD. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review to organize
and assess research into the treatment of anxiety in
patients with CHD. METHODS: We searched CCTR/CENTRAL,
MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL for randomized
clinical trials conducted before October 2016 that measured
anxiety before and after an intervention for patients with
CHD. RESULTS: A total of 475 articles were subjected to full
text review, yielding 112 publications that met inclusion
criteria plus an additional 7 studies from reference lists
and published reviews, yielding 119 studies. Sample size,
country of origin, study quality, and demographics varied
widely among studies. Most studies were conducted with
nonanxious patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were the most
frequently used instruments to assess anxiety. Interventions
included pharmacological, counseling, relaxation-based,
educational, or "alternative" therapies. Forty (33% of
total) studies reported that the interventions reduced
anxiety; treatment efficacy varied by study and type of
intervention. Elevated anxiety was an inclusion criterion in
only 4 studies, with inconsistent results. CONCLUSION:
Although there have been a number of randomized clinical
trials of patients with CHD that assessed anxiety, in most
cases anxiety was a secondary outcome, and only one-third
found that symptoms of anxiety were reduced with treatment.
Future studies need to target anxious patients and evaluate
the effects of treatment on anxiety and relevant clinical
endpoints.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.psym.2018.03.008},
Key = {fds336045}
}
@article{fds331882,
Author = {Hill, LK and Sherwood, A and McNeilly, M and Anderson, NB and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Impact of Racial Discrimination and Hostility on Adrenergic
Receptor Responsiveness in African American
Adults.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {80},
Number = {2},
Pages = {208-215},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000547},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Racial discrimination is increasingly recognized
as a contributor to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD)
risk among African Americans. Previous research has shown
significant overlap between racial discrimination and
hostility, an established predictor of CVD risk including
alterations in adrenergic receptor functioning. The present
study examined the associations of racial discrimination and
hostility with adrenergic receptor responsiveness. METHODS:
In a sample (N = 57) of young to middle-aged African
American adults (51% female) with normal and mildly elevated
blood pressure, a standardized isoproterenol sensitivity
test (CD25) was used to evaluate β-AR responsiveness,
whereas the dose of phenylephrine required to increase mean
arterial pressure by 25 mm Hg (PD25) was used to assess
α1-AR responsiveness. Racial discrimination was measured
using the Perceived Racism Scale and hostility was assessed
using the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. RESULTS: In
hierarchical regression models, greater racial
discrimination, but not hostility, emerged as a significant
predictor of decreased β-adrenergic receptor responsiveness
(β = .38, p = .004). However, moderation analysis revealed
that the association between racial discrimination and
blunted β-adrenergic receptor responsiveness was strongest
among those with higher hostility (β = .49, 95% confidence
interval = .17-.82, p = .004). In addition, hostility, but
not racial discrimination, significantly predicted α1-AR
responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest racial
discrimination was associated with blunted β-adrenergic
receptor responsiveness, providing further evidence of the
potential contribution of racial discrimination to increased
CVD risk among African Americans. The adverse effects of
discrimination on cardiovascular health may be enhanced in
individuals with higher levels of hostility.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000547},
Key = {fds331882}
}
@article{fds330457,
Author = {Farquhar, JM and Smith, PJ and Snyder, L and Gray, AL and Reynolds, JM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Patterns and predictors of pain following lung
transplantation.},
Journal = {Gen Hosp Psychiatry},
Volume = {50},
Pages = {125-130},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.11.007},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine variability in pain
levels following lung transplantation, and examine
individual biopsychosocial factors influencing changes in
pain. METHOD: We performed a retrospective study of a cohort
of 150 patients transplanted and discharged from Duke
University Hospital between January 2015 and September 2016.
During hospitalization and at clinic visits up to two months
after discharge, subjective pain ratings were obtained using
a 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale. Psychiatric diagnoses of
anxiety and depression and Center for Epidemiological
Studies - Depression (CES-D) scores collected after hospital
discharge were examined as predictors of post-surgery pain.
Medical and surgical variables were examined as covariates.
RESULTS: During hospitalization, pain ratings decreased over
time (p<0.001). Predictors of higher pain levels included
pre-transplant history of depression (p=0.001) and anxiety
(p=0.04), bilateral lung transplant (p=0.03), and lower
six-minute walk distance (p=0.02). Two months after
discharge, 18% of patients reported continued pain and 34%
remained on opioid pain medications. Two months after
discharge, more frequent post-operative complications
predicted higher pain levels in a univariate analysis
(p=0.02) although this relationship was attenuated after
adjustment for depression. In a multivariate analysis,
elevated CES-D scores (p=0.002), and greater opioid use
(p=0.031) predicted higher pain levels 2-months
post-discharge. CONCLUSION: We conclude that patients with
psychiatric comorbidities may be at risk for greater pain,
and may require additional strategies for more effective
pain management.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.11.007},
Key = {fds330457}
}
@article{fds332217,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise on white matter
hyperintensities: An exploratory analysis.},
Journal = {Gen Hosp Psychiatry},
Volume = {53},
Pages = {84-85},
Year = {2018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2018.01.007},
Doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2018.01.007},
Key = {fds332217}
}
@article{fds330347,
Author = {Nieuwsma, JA and Williams, JW and Namdari, N and Washam, JB and Raitz,
G and Blumenthal, JA and Jiang, W and Yapa, R and McBroom, AJ and Lallinger, K and Schmidt, R and Kosinski, AS and Sanders,
GD},
Title = {Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening Tests and Treatment for
Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Depression: A Systematic
Review.},
Journal = {Ann Intern Med},
Volume = {167},
Number = {10},
Pages = {725-735},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M17-1811},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patients who have had an acute coronary syndrome
(ACS) event have an increased risk for depression. PURPOSE:
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of depression screening
instruments and to compare safety and effectiveness of
depression treatments in adults within 3 months of an ACS
event. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from January 2003 to
August 2017, and a manual search of citations from key
primary and review articles. STUDY SELECTION:
English-language studies of post-ACS patients that evaluated
the diagnostic accuracy of depression screening tools or
compared the safety and effectiveness of a broad range of
pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic depression treatments.
DATA EXTRACTION: 2 investigators independently screened each
article for inclusion; abstracted the data; and rated the
quality, applicability, and strength of evidence. DATA
SYNTHESIS: Evidence from 6 of the 10 included studies showed
that a range of depression screening instruments produces
acceptable levels of diagnostic sensitivity, specificity,
and negative predictive values (70% to 100%) but low
positive predictive values (below 50%). The Beck Depression
Inventory-II was the most studied tool. A large study found
that a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and
antidepressant medication improved depression symptoms,
mental health-related function, and overall life
satisfaction more than usual care. LIMITATION: Few studies,
no evaluation of the influence of screening on clinical
outcomes, and no studies addressing several clinical
interventions of interest. CONCLUSION: Depression screening
instruments produce diagnostic accuracy metrics that are
similar in post-ACS patients and other clinical populations.
Depression interventions have an uncertain effect on
cardiovascular outcomes, but CBT combined with
antidepressant medication produces modest improvement in
psychosocial outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality (PROSPERO:
CRD42016047032).},
Doi = {10.7326/M17-1811},
Key = {fds330347}
}
@article{fds331883,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Mabe, S and Watkins, L and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Physical activity and psychosocial function following
cardiac rehabilitation: One-year follow-up of the ENHANCED
study.},
Journal = {Gen Hosp Psychiatry},
Volume = {49},
Pages = {32-36},
Year = {2017},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.05.001},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the long-term association between
physical activity (PA) and psychosocial functioning
following completion of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) among
participants in the ENHANCED study. METHOD: ENHANCED was a
3-month clinical trial examining standard CR with and
without stress management training (SMT). Participants
completed the Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ),
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Spielberger
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at baseline, 3- and
12-months after randomization. Prospective associations
between physical activity and psychosocial function, as well
as treatment group differences, were examined using repeated
measures mixed modeling. RESULTS: One hundred nineteen
participants were available at 12month follow-up. During the
12-month follow-up, PA remained higher compared to baseline
(P<0.001), with the majority of participants reporting that
they engaged in PA on a regular basis. Depressive and
anxious symptoms continued to remain lower than baseline
(Ps<0.001) Higher levels of PA at 12-month follow-up were
associated with lower depressive (P=0.032) and anxious
(P=0.003) symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Higher physical activity
levels following CR are associated with lower depressive and
anxious symptoms. Encouraging patients to sustain higher
levels of PA may promote both cardiovascular and mental
health.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.05.001},
Key = {fds331883}
}
@article{fds330037,
Author = {Tyson, CC and Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Association between normal or mildly reduced kidney
function, cardiovascular risk and biomarkers for
atherosclerosis: results from the ENCORE
trial.},
Journal = {Clinical Kidney Journal},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {666-671},
Year = {2017},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfx025},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Moderate-to-severe kidney dysfunction is
associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
(ASCVD). Gradations of normal or mildly reduced kidney
function may also associate with ASCVD risk. METHODS: We
conducted a secondary analysis using baseline data from the
Exercise and Nutritional Interventions for Cardiovascular
Health (ENCORE) trial. Participants were sedentary,
overweight and obese adults with unmedicated
pre-hypertension or Stage I hypertension and an estimated
glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
The Pooled Cohorts Equations were used to estimate a 10-year
risk for first ASCVD event. Carotid artery intima-media
thickness (IMT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation
(FMD) were measured to assess subclinical atherosclerosis
and vascular endothelial function, respectively. Using
linear regression, we examined the association between eGFR
and ASCVD risk, IMT and FMD. RESULTS: Participants
(N = 139) were predominantly women (65%), white (60%),
with a mean age of 52.0 ± 9.6 years and mean eGFR of
89.1 ± 15.0 mL/min/1.73 m2. Lower eGFR of
15 mL/min/1.73 m2 was associated with higher ASCVD risk
[b = -2.7% (95% confidence interval: -3.7, -1.8%),
P < 0.001], higher IMT [b = 0.05 mm (0.03,
0.08 mm), P < 0.001] and lower FMD [b = -0.87%
(-1.64, -0.11%), P = 0.026]. Compared with
eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2, those with eGFR
60-89 mL/min/1.73 m2 had higher mean ASCVD risk (7.6%
versus 2.7%; P < 0.001), greater mean IMT (0.74 mm
versus 0.66 mm; P < 0.001) and lower mean FMD (2.0%
versus 3.7%; P = 0.026). After controlling for CVD risk
factors, the association between eGFR and IMT remained
significant (P < 0.001), and eGFR and FMD trended toward
significance (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Among overweight
and obese adults with unmedicated high blood pressure and
eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, lower eGFR is associated
with a greater 10-year risk for first ASCVD event, higher
IMT and relatively impaired FMD.},
Doi = {10.1093/ckj/sfx025},
Key = {fds330037}
}
@article{fds327848,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Hill, LK and Blumenthal, JA and Adams, KF and Paine, NJ and Koch, GG and O'Connor, CM and Johnson, KS and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress is
associated with clinical outcomes in patients with heart
failure.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {191},
Pages = {82-90},
Year = {2017},
Month = {September},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2017.07.003},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular (CV) reactivity to
psychological stress has been implicated in the development
and exacerbation of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although
high CV reactivity traditionally is thought to convey
greater risk of CVD, the relationship between reactivity and
clinical outcomes is inconsistent and may depend on the
patient population under investigation. The present study
examined CV reactivity in patients with heart failure (HF)
and its potential association with long-term clinical
outcomes. METHODS: One hundred ninety-nine outpatients
diagnosed with HF, with ejection fraction ≤40%, underwent
an evaluation of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate
reactivity to a laboratory-based simulated public-speaking
stressor. Cox proportional hazards regression models were
used to examine the prospective association between BP and
heart rate reactivity on a combined end point of death or CV
hospitalization over a 5-year median follow-up period.
RESULTS: Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) reactivity, quantified as continuous
variables, were inversely related to risk of death or CV
hospitalization (Ps < .01) after controlling for established
risk factors, including HF disease severity and etiology. In
similar models, heart rate reactivity was unrelated to
outcome (P = .12). In models with tertiles of reactivity,
high SBP reactivity, compared with intermediate SBP
reactivity, was associated with lower risk (hazard ratio
[HR] = .498, 95% CI .335-.742, P =.001), whereas low SBP
reactivity did not differ from intermediate reactivity. For
DBP, high reactivity was marginally associated with lower
risk compared with intermediate DBP reactivity (HR = .767,
95% CI .515-1.14, P =.193), whereas low DBP reactivity was
associated with greater risk (HR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.027-2.155,
P =.0359). No relationship of heart rate reactivity to
outcome was identified. CONCLUSIONS: For HF patients with
reduced ejection fraction, a robust increase in BP evoked by
a laboratory-based psychological challenge was associated
with lower risk for adverse CVD events and may be a novel
and unique marker of left ventricular systolic reserve that
is accompanied by a more favorable long-term
prognosis.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2017.07.003},
Key = {fds327848}
}
@article{fds330038,
Author = {Hayano, J and Yasuma, F and Watanabe, E and Carney, RM and Stein, PK and Blumenthal, JA and Arsenos, P and Gatzoulis, KA and Takahashi, H and Ishii, H and Kiyono, K and Yamamoto, Y and Yoshida, Y and Yuda, E and Kodama, I},
Title = {Blunted cyclic variation of heart rate predicts mortality
risk in post-myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease,
and chronic heart failure patients.},
Journal = {Europace},
Volume = {19},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1392-1400},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euw222},
Abstract = {AIMS: Cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR) associated with
sleep-disordered breathing is thought to reflect cardiac
autonomic responses to apnoeic/hypoxic stress. We examined
whether blunted CVHR observed in ambulatory ECG could
predict the mortality risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: CVHR in
night-time Holter ECG was detected by an automated
algorithm, and the prognostic relationships of the frequency
(FCV) and amplitude (ACV) of CVHR were examined in 717
patients after myocardial infarction (post-MI 1, 6%
mortality, median follow-up 25 months). The predictive power
was prospectively validated in three independent cohorts: a
second group of 220 post-MI patients (post-MI 2, 25.5%
mortality, follow-up 45 months); 299 patients with end-stage
renal disease on chronic haemodialysis (ESRD, 28.1%
mortality, follow-up 85 months); and 100 patients with
chronic heart failure (CHF, 35% mortality, follow-up 38
months). Although CVHR was observed in ≥96% of the
patients in all cohorts, FCV did not predict mortality in
any cohort. In contrast, decreased ACV was a powerful
predictor of mortality in the post-MI 1 cohort (hazard ratio
[95% CI] per 1 ln [ms] decrement, 2.9 [2.2-3.7], P < 0.001).
This prognostic relationship was validated in the post-MI 2
(1.8 [1.4-2.2], P < 0.001), ESRD (1.5 [1.3-1.8], P < 0.001),
and CHF (1.4 [1.1-1.8], P = 0.02) cohorts. The prognostic
value of ACV was independent of age, gender, diabetes,
β-blocker therapy, left ventricular ejection fraction,
sleep-time mean R-R interval, and FCV. CONCLUSION: Blunted
CVHR detected by decreased ACV in a night-time Holter ECG
predicts increased mortality risk in post-MI, ESRD, and CHF
patients.},
Doi = {10.1093/europace/euw222},
Key = {fds330038}
}
@article{fds326740,
Author = {Tussing-Humphreys, L and Lamar, M and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, M and Fantuzzi, G and Blumstein, L and Schiffer, L and Fitzgibbon,
ML},
Title = {Building research in diet and cognition: The BRIDGE
randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Contemp Clin Trials},
Volume = {59},
Pages = {87-97},
Year = {2017},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2017.06.003},
Abstract = {Obesity has been linked to cognitive impairment, cognitive
decline and dementia. Given that 38.5% of U.S. adults
60years and older are obese and these numbers are rapidly
increasing, strategies to decouple obesity from cognitive
decline are needed. Innovative lifestyle strategies that may
postpone the onset of subclinical symptoms or even arrest
the transition to overt dementia in at-risk individuals are
critically needed. Poor diet is central to the development
of obesity and diet may affect cognition. Adherence to a
Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with reduced risk
of cognitive impairment and dementia. Furthermore, weight
loss through caloric restriction improves cognitive
function. This paper describes the Building Research in Diet
and CoGnition (BRIDGE) study, a randomized trial examining
the effect of the MedDiet, with and without weight loss, on
cognitive functioning in obese older adults. Obese (BMI≥30
and ≤50kg/m2) older adults (≥55years) (n=180) will be
randomized in a 2:2:1 allocation scheme to: Typical Diet
Control; MedDiet alone, without weight loss; or MedDiet
lifestyle intervention to promote weight loss and weight
loss maintenance. Both MedDiet intervention groups will meet
for one individual session and 27 group sessions over an
8-month period. Individuals in the control group will not
receive instruction on changing lifestyle habits. Outcomes
will be assessed at baseline, 8 and 14months. The primary
outcome is cognitive functioning; secondary outcomes will
include changes in body weight, diet, cardiovascular,
metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cct.2017.06.003},
Key = {fds326740}
}
@article{fds326632,
Author = {Hill, LK and Watkins, LL and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Racial differences in the association between heart rate
variability and left ventricular mass.},
Journal = {Exp Physiol},
Volume = {102},
Number = {7},
Pages = {764-772},
Year = {2017},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP086228},
Abstract = {What is the central question of this study? Decreased heart
rate variability (HRV) is associated with increased
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including greater left
ventricular mass (LVM). Despite their enhanced CVD risk
profile, African Americans have been shown to exhibit higher
HRV, relative to Whites; however, it is unclear whether this
pattern extends to the association between HRV and LVM. What
is the main finding and its importance? Using ECG and
echocardiographic data, HRV was positively associated with
LVM in a non-clinical sample of African Americans. These
findings suggest that current assumptions regarding the
meaning of higher HRV might not be universal, which might
have implications for HRV as a risk marker among African
Americans. Increased left ventricular mass (LVM) is an early
precursor of target organ damage attributable to
hypertension. Diminished parasympathetic cardiac control has
been linked to both hypertension onset and left ventricular
impairment; however, emerging evidence suggests that this
pattern might be different in African Americans. The present
study sought to determine whether race impacts the
relationship between parasympathetic cardiac control and
LVM. The LVM was assessed via echocardiography in a sample
(n = 148) of African American and White adults (mean
age 33.20 ± 5.71 years) with normal or mildly elevated
blood pressure. Parasympathetic cardiac control was assessed
by a measure of high-frequency heart rate variability
(HF-HRV) determined from ECG recordings during 5 min of
rest. In regression analysis, greater HF-HRV was associated
with greater LVM among African Americans (P = 0.002) but
was not related to LVM in Whites (P = 0.919). These are
the first data to demonstrate that race moderates the
relationship between HRV and LVM and further suggest that
race might be an important factor in the association between
parasympathetic cardiac control and other cardiovascular
disease risk factors.},
Doi = {10.1113/EP086228},
Key = {fds326632}
}
@article{fds325510,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Hill, LK and Blumenthal, JA and Johnson, KS and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Race and sex differences in cardiovascular α-adrenergic and
β-adrenergic receptor responsiveness in men and women with
high blood pressure.},
Journal = {J Hypertens},
Volume = {35},
Number = {5},
Pages = {975-981},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001266},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is associated with unfavorable
changes in adrenergic receptor responsiveness, but the
relationship of race and sex to adrenergic receptor
responsiveness in the development of cardiovascular disease
is unclear. This study examined α-adrenergic and
ß-adrenergic receptor responsiveness in African-American
and white men and women with untreated high blood pressure
(BP) (HBP) and with normal BP. METHODS AND RESULTS: The
study sample comprised 161 African-American and white men
and women in the age range 25-45 years. Isoproterenol, a
nonselective ß-adrenergic receptor agonist, was
administered intravenously to determine the bolus dose
required to increase heart rate by 25 bpm, an index of
β-adrenergic receptor responsiveness. Similarly,
phenylephrine, an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist, was
administered to determine the bolus dose required to
increase BP by 25 mmHg, an index of vascular
α1-adrenergic receptor responsiveness. HBP (P < 0.01),
male sex (P = 0.04), and higher BMI (P < 0.01) were
all associated with reduced β-adrenergic receptor
responsiveness, with a similar trend observed for
African-American race (P = 0.07). Conversely,
α1-adrenergic receptor responsiveness was increased in
association with HBP (P < 0.01), female sex
(P < 0.01), and African-American race (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: In the early stages of hypertension,
cardiovascular β-adrenergic receptors demonstrate blunted
responsiveness, whereas conversely α1-adrenergic receptors
exhibit increased responsiveness. This pattern of receptor
changes is especially evident in men and African-Americans,
is exacerbated by obesity, and may contribute to the
development of cardiovascular disease.},
Doi = {10.1097/HJH.0000000000001266},
Key = {fds325510}
}
@article{fds329488,
Author = {Hill, LK and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {SYNERGISTIC IMPACT OF PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION AND HOSTILITY
ON ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVITY},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {79},
Number = {4},
Pages = {A85-A85},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2017},
Month = {May},
Key = {fds329488}
}
@article{fds323315,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Snyder, LD and Mathew, JP and Durheim,
MT and Hoffman, BM and Rivelli, SK and Palmer, SM},
Title = {Depressive symptoms and early mortality following lung
transplantation: A pilot study.},
Journal = {Clin Transplant},
Volume = {31},
Number = {2},
Year = {2017},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ctr.12874},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Impaired psychological function is common among
lung transplant candidates and may affect clinical outcomes
following transplantation. Although numerous studies have
examined the relationship between pretransplant depression,
quality of life (QoL), and post-transplant outcomes, few
have examined the relationship between depression and QoL
shortly following transplantation and subsequent clinical
outcomes. We therefore examined the association between
depression, QoL, and short-term mortality in a consecutive
series of lung transplant recipients. METHODS: Depression
(Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale; Centers for Epidemiologic Studies
Depression Scale) and QoL (UCSD Shortness of Breath
Questionnaire; Pulmonary Quality of Life Scale) were
assessed prior to transplantation (median 0.9 months
[IQR=1.6]) and again approximately 2 weeks following
transplantation (median=0.5 months [IQR=0.5]), in a series
of 66 patients transplanted between March 2013 and April
2014. The association between psychiatric diagnoses from
participants' comprehensive pretransplant assessment and
mortality also was examined. Cox proportional hazards models
were used to examine the association between depression,
QoL, and mortality. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of
2.8 years (range 0.4-3.3), 21 patients died (32%). Greater
depressive symptoms assessed shortly after transplant were
associated with subsequent mortality (HR=2.17 [1.01, 4.67],
P=.048), and this relationship persisted after controlling
for primary graft dysfunction, duration of transplant
hospitalization, and gender. In contrast, neither
pretransplant depression, history of depression, nor QoL was
associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Greater
post-transplant depressive symptoms are independently
associated with mortality among lung transplant
recipients.},
Doi = {10.1111/ctr.12874},
Key = {fds323315}
}
@article{fds329489,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Hinderliter, AL and Georgiades, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise and stress management training on
nighttime blood pressure dipping in patients with coronary
heart disease: A randomized, controlled trial.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {183},
Pages = {85-90},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2016.10.011},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Blunted nighttime blood pressure (BP) dipping
is prognostic of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are often
characterized by a blunted nighttime BP dipping pattern. The
present study compared the effects of 2 behavioral
intervention programs, aerobic exercise (EX) and stress
management (SM) training, with a usual care (UC) control
group on BP dipping in a sample of CHD patients. METHODS:
This was a secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled
trial with allocation concealment and blinded outcome
assessment in 134 patients with stable CHD and
exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. Nighttime BP dipping
was assessed by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring, at
prerandomization baseline and after 16 weeks of one of the
following treatments: usual medical care; UC plus supervised
aerobic EX for 35 minutes, 3 times per week; UC plus weekly
1.5-hour sessions of SM training. RESULTS: The EX and SM
groups exhibited greater improvements in systolic BP dipping
(P=.052) and diastolic BP dipping (P=.031) compared with UC.
Postintervention systolic BP percent-dipping means were
12.9% (SE=1.5) for SM, 11.1% (SE=1.4) for EX, and 8.6%
(SE=1.4) for UC. Postintervention diastolic BP
percent-dipping means were 13.3% (SE=1.9) for SM, 14.1%
(SE=1.8) for EX, and 8.8% (1.8) for UC. CONCLUSIONS: For
patients with stable CHD, EX or SM training resulted in
improved nighttime BP dipping compared with usual medical
care. These favorable effects of healthy lifestyle
modifications may help reduce the risk of adverse clinical
events.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2016.10.011},
Key = {fds329489}
}
@article{fds329490,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Koch, GG and Hoffman, BM and Watkins,
LL and Smith, PJ and O'Connor, CM and Adams, KF and Rogers, JG and Sueta,
C and Chang, PP and Johnson, KS and Schwartz, J and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Effects of Coping Skills Training on Quality of Life,
Disease Biomarkers, and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With
Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.},
Journal = {Circ Heart Fail},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {e003410},
Year = {2017},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003410},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease that
compromises patients' quality of life (QoL). Interventions
designed to reduce distress and improve disease
self-management are needed. We evaluated the efficacy of a
telephone-based coping skills training (CST) intervention.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This randomized clinical trial involved
180 HF outpatients with reduced ejection fraction.
Participants ranged in age from 29 to 87 years (mean=58
years); 27% were women, and 47% were nonwhite. Participants
were randomized to either a CST intervention or heart
failure education, both delivered over 16 weeks. The primary
outcomes were (1) postintervention effects on QoL and HF
disease biomarkers (both with α=0.01), and (2) a composite
measure of time to death or first hospitalization (with
α=0.03) over a median follow-up period of 3 years. CST
resulted in greater improvements in QoL compared with heart
failure education (P<0.01), including the Kansas City
Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (P=0.009), depressive symptoms
(P=0.027), and the 6-minute walk test (P=0.012). However, it
did not differentially improve HF disease biomarkers or
reduce risk of all-cause hospitalizations or death (hazard
ratio=0.84 [95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.12]).
Interestingly, exploratory analyses showed that participants
randomized to CST experienced a reduction in the composite
end point of worsening HF hospitalization or death during
the 3-year follow-up period (hazard ratio=0.65 [95%
confidence interval, 0.44-0.98]; P=0.040). CONCLUSIONS: CST
improved QoL in patients with HF. Monitoring and improving
QoL is emerging as an important aspect of the clinical
management of HF that can reduce disease burden and may help
improve clinical outcomes in this vulnerable patient
population. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier:
NCT00873418.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003410},
Key = {fds329490}
}
@article{fds321706,
Author = {Stonerock, GL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Role of Counseling to Promote Adherence in Healthy Lifestyle
Medicine: Strategies to Improve Exercise Adherence and
Enhance Physical Activity.},
Journal = {Prog Cardiovasc Dis},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {455-462},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2016.09.003},
Abstract = {Although healthy lifestyles (HL) offer a number of health
benefits, nonadherence to recommended lifestyle changes
remains a frequent and difficult obstacle to realizing these
benefits. Behavioral counseling can improve adherence to an
HL. However, individuals' motivation for change and
resistance to altering unhealthy habits must be considered
when developing an effective approach to counseling. In the
present article, we review psychological, behavioral, and
environmental factors that may promote adherence and
contribute to nonadherence. We discuss two established
models for counseling, motivational interviewing and the
transtheoretical model of behavior change, and provide an
example of how these approaches can be used to counsel
patients to exercise and increase their levels of physical
activity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pcad.2016.09.003},
Key = {fds321706}
}
@article{fds326855,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, A and Welsh-Bohmer, K and Browndyke, JN and Lin, P-H and Kraus, W and Doraiswamy, PM and Burke, J and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Lifestyle and Neurocognition in Older Adults With
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognitive
Impairment.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {79},
Number = {6},
Pages = {719-727},
Year = {2017},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000474},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the
relationship of lifestyle factors and neurocognitive
functioning in older adults with vascular risk factors and
cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND). METHODS: One
hundred sixty adults (M [SD] = 65.4 [6.8] years) with CIND
completed neurocognitive assessments of executive function,
processing speed, and memory. Objective measures of physical
activity using accelerometry, aerobic capacity determined by
exercise testing, and dietary habits quantified by the Food
Frequency Questionnaire and 4-Day Food Diary to assess
adherence to the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to
Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets were obtained to assess
direct effects with neurocognition. Potential indirect
associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the
Framingham Stroke Risk Profile also were examined. RESULTS:
Greater aerobic capacity (β = 0.24) and daily physical
activity (β = 0.15) were associated with better executive
functioning/processing speed and verbal memory (βs = 0.24;
0.16). Adherence to the DASH diet was associated with better
verbal memory (β = 0.17). Greater high-sensitivity
C-reactive protein (βs = -0.14; -0.21) and Framingham
Stroke Risk Profile (β = -0.18; -0.18) were associated with
poorer executive functioning/processing speed and verbal
memory. Greater stroke risk partially mediated the
association of aerobic capacity with executive
functioning/processing speed, and verbal memory and greater
inflammation partially mediated the association of physical
activity and aerobic fitness, with verbal memory.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of physical activity, aerobic
fitness, and adherence to the DASH diet are associated with
better neurocognitive performance in adults with CIND. These
findings suggest that the adoption of healthy lifestyle
habits could reduce the risk of neurocognitive decline in
vulnerable older adults. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
NCT01573546.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000474},
Key = {fds326855}
}
@article{fds329491,
Author = {Tyson, CC and Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Mabe, S and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Influence of Kidney Function on Blood Pressure Response to
Lifestyle Modifications: Secondary Analysis From the
Exercise and Nutritional Interventions for Cardiovascular
Health (ENCORE) Trial.},
Journal = {J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)},
Volume = {18},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1260-1267},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jch.12853},
Abstract = {The kidney is an important regulator of blood pressure (BP).
To determine whether BP response to lifestyle modification
varies across normal ranges of kidney function, the authors
examined the moderating role of estimated glomerular
filtration rate (eGFR) on clinic and ambulatory systolic BP
(SBP) response in overweight and obese adults with
unmedicated high BP. Among 144 participants of the Exercise
and Nutritional Interventions for Cardiovascular Health
(ENCORE) trial, mean age was 52.0±9.6 years and median eGFR
was 89.1 (53-146) mL/min/1.73m2 . After multivariable
regression, the interaction between eGFR and weight loss was
significant for clinic (P=.023) and ambulatory SBP (P=.041).
Similarly, the interaction between eGFR and improved fitness
was significant for clinic (P=.041) and ambulatory SBP
(P=.044). The relationship between reduced dietary sodium
and SBP was not moderated by eGFR. SBP findings were
inconsistent for adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet. These findings suggest that the
effects of lifestyle modifications on SBP may be influenced
by eGFR, even when kidney function is preserved.},
Doi = {10.1111/jch.12853},
Key = {fds329491}
}
@article{fds325784,
Author = {Hill, LK and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Hemodynamics and Vascular Hypertrophy in African Americans
and Caucasians With High Blood Pressure.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {29},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1380-1385},
Year = {2016},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpw080},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypertension in African Americans is
characterized by greater systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
compared with Caucasian Americans, but the responsible
mechanisms are not known. The present study sought to
determine if peripheral vascular hypertrophy is a potential
mechanism contributing to elevated SVR in African Americans
with high blood pressure (BP). METHODS: In a biracial sample
of 80 men and women between the ages of 25 and 45 years,
with clinic BP in the range 130/85-160/99mm Hg, we assessed
cardiac output and SVR, in addition to BP. Minimum forearm
vascular resistance (MFVR), a marker of vascular
hypertrophy, also was assessed. RESULTS: SVR was elevated in
African Americans compared with Caucasians (P < 0.001).
Regression models indicated that age, body mass index,
24-hour diastolic BP, and ethnicity were significant
predictors of SVR. There was also a significant interaction
between ethnicity and MFVR in explaining SVR in the study
sample. In particular, there was a significant positive
association between MFVR and SVR among African Americans (P
= 0.002), whereas the association was inverse and not
statistically significant among Caucasians (P = 0.601).
CONCLUSION: Hypertrophy of the systemic microvasculature may
contribute to the elevated SVR that is characteristic of the
early stages of hypertension in African American compared
with Caucasians.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpw080},
Key = {fds325784}
}
@article{fds330039,
Author = {Lavie, CJ and Menezes, AR and De Schutter and A and Milani, RV and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Training on
Psychological Risk Factors and Subsequent Prognosis in
Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.},
Journal = {Can J Cardiol},
Volume = {32},
Number = {10 Suppl 2},
Pages = {S365-S373},
Year = {2016},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.508},
Abstract = {The role of psychological risk factors has been
under-recognized in most subspecialties of medicine, as well
as in general medicine practices. However, considerable
evidence indicates that psychosocial factors are involved in
the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease
(CVD). Emerging data from cardiac rehabilitation (CR)
settings and CR exercise training (CRET) programs have
demonstrated the value of comprehensive CRET to improve
psychological functioning and reduce all-cause mortality.
Recent evidence also supports the role of CRET and the added
value of stress management training in the secondary
prevention of CVD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.508},
Key = {fds330039}
}
@article{fds315451,
Author = {Huebner, JL and Landerman, LR and Somers, TJ and Keefe, FJ and Guilak,
F and Blumenthal, JA and Caldwell, DS and Kraus, VB},
Title = {Exploratory secondary analyses of a cognitive-behavioral
intervention for knee osteoarthritis demonstrate reduction
in biomarkers of adipocyte inflammation.},
Journal = {Osteoarthritis Cartilage},
Volume = {24},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1528-1534},
Year = {2016},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1063-4584},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2016.04.002},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of pain coping skills
training (PCST) and a lifestyle behavioral weight management
(BWM) program on inflammatory markers and biomarker
associations with pain and function in the OA LIFE study.
METHOD: Serum samples were available from a subset
(N = 169) of the overweight or obese knee OA participants
in the OA LIFE study that evaluated: PCST, BWM, combined
PCST + BWM, or standard care (SC). Inflammatory markers
(hsCRP, IL-1ra, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TNFRI, TNFRII,
and hyaluronic acid (HA)), and adipokines (leptin and
adiponectin) were measured before and after the 24-week
treatment period. Biomarkers were assessed for effects of
treatment and for associations with change in weight, pain
and disability (unadjusted and adjusted for age, race, sex,
baseline body mass index (BMI), and baseline biomarker
concentration). RESULTS: PCST + BWM was associated with
significant reductions in hsCRP (P = 0.0014), IL-6
(P = 0.0075), and leptin (P = 0.0001). After adjustment,
there was a significant effect of PCST + BWM on changes in
leptin (b = -0.19, P = 0.01) and IL-6 (b = -0.25,
P = 0.02) relative to SC. Reductions in leptin and IL-6
were significantly correlated with reductions in weight, BMI
and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis
Index (WOMAC) pain; reductions in IL-6 were correlated with
improvements in WOMAC and Arthritis Impact Measurement
Scales (AIMS) physical function. By mediation analyses,
weight loss was responsible for 54% of the change in IL-6
and all of the change in leptin. CONCLUSIONS: OA-related
inflammatory markers were reduced by a 24-week combined
PCST + BWM intervention. This suggests that the
inflammatory state can be successfully modified in the
context of a readily instituted clinical intervention with a
positive clinical outcome.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.joca.2016.04.002},
Key = {fds315451}
}
@article{fds319597,
Author = {Paine, NJ and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Adams, KF and Sueta, CA and Chang, PP and O'Connor, CM and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Reactive hyperemia is associated with adverse clinical
outcomes in heart failure.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {178},
Pages = {108-114},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2016.05.008},
Abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Impaired endothelial function, as assessed by
brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), is an
established risk factor for cardiovascular events. FMD is
impaired in heart failure (HF) patients, but less is known
about hyperemic brachial artery flow. We investigated the
relationship between FMD and hyperemic flow with adverse
clinical outcomes in HF patients. METHODS: Brachial artery
FMD and hyperemic flow were assessed in 156 patients (70.5 %
Male; 45.5% Caucasian; mean age (± SD) = 56.2 (±12.4)
years) with HF and reduced left ventricular ejection
fraction (LVEF). Cox proportional hazard models were used to
assess the potential explanatory association of FMD and
hyperemic flow with the composite outcome of death or
cardiovascular hospitalization over a median 5-year
follow-up period. RESULTS: Both FMD and hyperemic flow were
negatively correlated with age, but unrelated to sex, race,
body mass index, LVEF or N-terminal pro-B-Type natriuretic
peptide (NT-ProBNP). Reduced hyperemic flow, but not FMD,
was associated with an increased risk of death or cardiac
hospitalization after controlling for traditional risk
factors. CONCLUSION: The association of reduced hyperemic
flow with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes
suggests that micro-vascular function may be an important
prognostic marker in patients with HF.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2016.05.008},
Key = {fds319597}
}
@article{fds329492,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Response to "Does Sleep Play a Role in the Relationship
Among Depression, Anxiety, and Mortality in Lung
Transplanted Patients?".},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {16},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2495},
Year = {2016},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13836},
Doi = {10.1111/ajt.13836},
Key = {fds329492}
}
@article{fds329493,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Watkins, LL and Hoffman, BM and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Effects of Exercise and Sertraline on Measures of Coronary
Heart Disease Risk in Patients With Major Depression:
Results From the SMILE-II Randomized Clinical
Trial.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {78},
Number = {5},
Pages = {602-609},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000301},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of supervised and
home-based aerobic exercise training, and antidepressant
pharmacotherapy (sertraline) on coronary heart disease (CHD)
risk factors in a sample of participants with major
depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: The Standard Medical
Intervention versus Long-term Exercise (SMILE)-II study
randomized 202 adults (153 women, 49 men) diagnosed as
having MDD to one of four interventions, each of 4-month
duration: supervised exercise, home-based exercise,
antidepressant medication (sertraline, 50-200 mg daily), or
placebo pill. Patients underwent a structured clinical
interview for depression and completed the Hamilton
Depression Rating Scale. CHD risk factors included brachial
artery flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media
thickness, serum lipids, and 10-year atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. RESULTS: Compared with
placebo, active treatment of depression (supervised
exercise, home-based exercise, sertraline therapy) was
associated with an improvement in CHD risk factors (improved
flow-mediated dilation [p = .032], reduced progression of
intima-media thickness [p = .037], and a reduction in
10-year ASCVD [p = .049]). The active treatments did not
differ from each other in their effects on the CHD risk
outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Both exercise and antidepressant
medication improved CHD risk factors and lowered ASCVD risk
in patients with MDD. Because MDD is associated with
increased risk for CHD events, treatment of depression with
exercise or sertraline may reduce the risk of developing CHD
in patients with MDD. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials
Government Identifier: NCT-00331305.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000301},
Key = {fds329493}
}
@article{fds315450,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Feger, BJ and Smith, PJ and Watkins, LL and Jiang, W and Davidson, J and Hoffman, BM and Ashworth, M and Mabe, SK and Babyak, MA and Kraus, WE and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Treatment of anxiety in patients with coronary heart
disease: Rationale and design of the UNderstanding the
benefits of exercise and escitalopram in anxious patients
WIth coroNary heart Disease (UNWIND) randomized clinical
trial.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {176},
Pages = {53-62},
Year = {2016},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2016.03.003},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with
coronary heart disease (CHD), and there is growing evidence
that high levels of anxiety are associated with worse
prognosis. However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy
of treating anxiety in CHD patients for reducing symptoms
and improving clinical outcomes. Exercise and selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been shown to be
effective in treating patients with depression, but have not
been studied in cardiac patients with high anxiety. METHODS:
The UNWIND trial is a randomized clinical trial of patients
with CHD who are at increased risk for adverse events
because of comorbid anxiety. One hundred fifty participants
with CHD and elevated anxiety symptoms and/or with a
diagnosed anxiety disorder will be randomly assigned to 12
weeks of aerobic exercise (3×/wk, 35 min, 70%-85% VO2peak),
escitalopram (5-20 mg qd), or placebo. Before and after 12
weeks of treatment, participants will undergo assessments of
anxiety symptoms and CHD biomarkers of risk, including
measures of inflammation, lipids, hemoglobin A1c, heart rate
variability, and vascular endothelial function. Primary
outcomes include post-intervention effects on symptoms of
anxiety and CHD biomarkers. Secondary outcomes include
clinical outcomes (cardiovascular hospitalizations and
all-cause death) and measures of quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The UNWIND trial (ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02516332) will evaluate the efficacy of aerobic exercise
and escitalopram for improving anxiety symptoms and reducing
risk for adverse clinical events in anxious CHD
patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2016.03.003},
Key = {fds315450}
}
@article{fds315453,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Watkins, L and Mabe, S and Kraus, WE and Ingle, K and Miller, P and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Enhancing Cardiac Rehabilitation With Stress Management
Training: A Randomized, Clinical Efficacy
Trial.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {133},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1341-1350},
Year = {2016},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018926},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is the standard of
care for patients with coronary heart disease. Despite
considerable epidemiological evidence that high stress is
associated with worse health outcomes, stress management
training (SMT) is not included routinely as a component of
CR. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty-one outpatients
with coronary heart disease who were 36 to 84 years of age
were randomized to 12 weeks of comprehensive CR or
comprehensive CR combined with SMT (CR+SMT), with
assessments of stress and coronary heart disease biomarkers
obtained before and after treatment. A matched sample of
CR-eligible patients who did not receive CR made up the
no-CR comparison group. All participants were followed up
for up to 5.3 years (median, 3.2 years) for clinical events.
Patients randomized to CR+SMT exhibited greater reductions
in composite stress levels compared with those randomized to
CR alone (P=0.022), an effect that was driven primarily by
improvements in anxiety, distress, and perceived stress.
Both CR groups achieved significant, and comparable,
improvements in coronary heart disease biomarkers.
Participants in the CR+SMT group exhibited lower rates of
clinical events compared with those in the CR-alone group
(18% versus 33%; hazard ratio=0.49; 95% confidence interval,
0.25-0.95; P=0.035), and both CR groups had lower event
rates compared with the no-CR group (47%; hazard ratio=0.44;
95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.71; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:
CR enhanced by SMT produced significant reductions in stress
and greater improvements in medical outcomes compared with
standard CR. Our findings indicate that SMT may provide
incremental benefit when combined with comprehensive CR and
suggest that SMT should be incorporated routinely into CR.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Unique identifier: NCT00981253.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018926},
Key = {fds315453}
}
@article{fds329494,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Dietary Factors and Cognitive Decline.},
Journal = {The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer'S
Disease},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {53-64},
Year = {2016},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2015.71},
Abstract = {Cognitive decline is an increasingly important public health
problem, with more than 100 million adults worldwide
projected to develop dementia by 2050. Accordingly, there
has been an increased interest in preventive strategies that
diminish this risk. It has been recognized that lifestyle
factors including dietary patterns, may be important in the
prevention of cognitive decline and dementia in later life.
Several dietary components have been examined, including
antioxidants, fatty acids, and B vitamins. In addition,
whole dietary eating plans, including the Mediterranean diet
(MeDi), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet, with and without weight loss, have become areas
of increasing interest. Although prospective epidemiological
studies have observed that antioxidants, fatty acids, and B
vitamins are associated with better cognitive functioning,
randomized clinical trials have generally failed to confirm
the value of any specific dietary component in improving
neurocognition. Several randomized trials have examined the
impact of changing 'whole' diets on cognitive outcomes. The
MeDi and DASH diets offer promising preliminary results, but
data are limited and more research in this area is
needed.},
Doi = {10.14283/jpad.2015.71},
Key = {fds329494}
}
@article{fds329495,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hoffman, BM and Rivelli, SK and Palmer,
SM and Davis, RD and Mathew, JP},
Title = {Reduced Cerebral Perfusion Pressure during Lung Transplant
Surgery Is Associated with Risk, Duration, and Severity of
Postoperative Delirium.},
Journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {180-187},
Year = {2016},
Month = {February},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201507-454OC},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Delirium is common following lung transplant and
is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. The extent to
which intraoperative hemodynamic alterations may contribute
to postoperative delirium among lung transplant recipients
has not been examined. OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of
intraoperative hemodynamic changes on neurobehavioral
outcomes among lung transplant recipients. METHODS:
Intraoperative hemodynamic function during lung transplant
was assessed in a consecutive series of patients between
March and November 2013. Intraoperative cerebral perfusion
pressure was assessed every minute in all patients.
Following lung transplant, patients were monitored for the
presence and severity of delirium using the Confusion
Assessment Method and the Delirium Rating Scale until
hospital discharge. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Sixty-three patients received lung transplants, of whom 23
(37%) subsequently developed delirium. Lower cerebral
perfusion pressure was associated with increased risk of
delirium (odds ratio [OR], 2.08 per 10-mm Hg decrease; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 1.02-4.24; P = 0.043), longer
duration of delirium (OR, 1.7 d longer per 10-mm Hg
decrease; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7; P = 0.022), and greater
delirium severity (b = -0.81; 95% CI, -1.47 to -0.15;
P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Poorer cerebral perfusion
pressure during lung transplant is associated with greater
risk for delirium following transplant, as well as greater
duration and severity of delirium, independent of
demographic and medical predictors.},
Doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.201507-454OC},
Key = {fds329495}
}
@article{fds270627,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Trulock, EP and Freedland, KE and Carney, RM and Davis, RD and Hoffman, BM and Palmer,
SM},
Title = {Psychosocial Predictors of Mortality Following Lung
Transplantation.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {271-277},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275841700151&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Lung transplantation has become an increasingly common
treatment for patients with end-stage lung disease. Few
studies have examined psychosocial risk factors for
mortality in transplant recipients, despite evidence
suggesting that elevated levels of negative affect are
associated with greater mortality following major cardiac
surgery. We therefore examined the relationship between
negative affect early after lung transplantation and
long-term survival in a sample of 132 lung transplant
recipients (28 cystic fibrosis, 64 chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, 26 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 14
other) followed for up to 13.5 years (median 7.4 years)
following transplantation. Patients underwent both medical
and psychosocial assessments 6 months following
transplantation, which included the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II), Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, and
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Over the course of
follow-up, 80 (61%) participants died. Controlling for
demographic factors, native lung disease, disease severity,
family income, education level, social support, and
frequency of posttransplant rejection, elevated symptoms of
depression (BDI-II: HR = 1.31, p = 0.011) and
distress (GHQ: HR = 1.28, p = 0.003) were associated
with increased mortality. Higher levels of depression and
general distress, but not anxiety, measured 6 months
following lung transplantation are associated with increased
mortality, independent of background characteristics and
medical predictors.},
Doi = {10.1111/ajt.13447},
Key = {fds270627}
}
@article{fds315452,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Durheim, M and Mabe, S and Emery, CF and Martinu, T and Diaz, PT and Babyak, M and Welty-Wolf, K and Palmer,
S},
Title = {Biobehavioral Prognostic Factors in Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease: Results From the INSPIRE-II
Trial.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {78},
Number = {2},
Pages = {153-162},
Year = {2016},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000260},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the prognostic value of select
biobehavioral factors in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) in a secondary analysis of
participants from the INSPIRE-II trial. METHODS: Three
hundred twenty-six outpatients with COPD underwent
assessments of pulmonary function, physical activity, body
mass index, inflammation, pulmonary symptoms, depression,
and pulmonary quality of life and were followed up for up to
5.4 years for subsequent clinical events. The prognostic
value of each biobehavioral factor, considered individually
and combined, also was examined in the context of existing
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
(GOLD) 2011 risk stratification. RESULTS: Sixty-nine
individuals experienced a hospitalization or died over a
mean follow-up period of 2.4 (interquartile range = 1.6)
years. GOLD classification was associated with an increased
risk of clinical events (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.72 [95%
confidence interval = 1.63-4.54], per stage); 6-minute walk
(HR = 0.50 [0.34-0.73] per 500 ft), total steps (HR = 0.82
[0.71-0.94] per 1000 steps), high-sensitivity C-reactive
protein (HR = 1.44 [1.01-2.06] per 4.5 mg/l), depression (HR
= 1.12 [1.01-1.25] per 4 points), and pulmonary quality of
life (HR = 1.73 [1.14-2.63] per 25 points) were each
predictive over and above the GOLD assessment. However, only
GOLD group and 6-minute walk were predictive of all-cause
mortality and COPD hospitalization when all biobehavioral
variables were included together in a multivariable model.
CONCLUSIONS: Biobehavioral factors provide added prognostic
information over and above measures of COPD severity in
predicting adverse events in patients with
COPD.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000260},
Key = {fds315452}
}
@article{fds270585,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Mabe, S and Watkins, L and Lin, P-H and Craighead, LW and Babyak, M and Tyson, C and Young, K and Ashworth, M and Kraus, W and Liao, L and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Lifestyle modification for resistant hypertension: The
TRIUMPH randomized clinical trial.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {170},
Number = {5},
Pages = {986-994.e5},
Year = {2015},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.006},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Resistant hypertension (RH) is a growing health
burden in this country affecting as many as 1 in 5 adults
being treated for hypertension. Resistant hypertension is
associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular
disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality. Strategies to
reduce blood pressure (BP) in this high-risk population are
a national priority. METHODS: TRIUMPH is a single-site,
prospective, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the
efficacy of a center-based lifestyle intervention consisting
of exercise training, reduced sodium and calorie Dietary
Approaches to Stop Hypertension eating plan, and weight
management compared to standardized education and physician
advice in treating patients with RH. Patients (n = 150) will
be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either a 4-month
supervised lifestyle intervention delivered in the setting
of a cardiac rehabilitation center or to a standardized
behavioral counseling session to simulate real-world medical
practice. The primary end point is clinic BP; secondary end
points include ambulatory BP and an array of CVD biomarkers
including left ventricular hypertrophy, arterial stiffness,
baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, insulin resistance, lipids,
sympathetic nervous system activity, and inflammatory
markers. Lifestyle habits, BP, and CVD risk factors also
will be measured at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The
TRIUMPH randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT02342808) is designed to test the efficacy of an
intensive, center-based lifestyle intervention compared to a
standardized education and physician advice counseling
session on BP and CVD biomarkers in patients with RH after 4
months of treatment and will determine whether lifestyle
changes can be maintained for a year.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.006},
Key = {fds270585}
}
@article{fds270587,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Stonerock, GL and Smith, PJ and O'Hayer, CVF and Palmer,
S and Davis, RD and Kurita, K and Carney, RM and Freeland, K and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Development and psychometric properties of the
Pulmonary-specific Quality-of-Life Scale in lung transplant
patients.},
Journal = {J Heart Lung Transplant},
Volume = {34},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1058-1065},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1053-2498},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2015.03.005},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Pulmonary-specific Quality-of-Life Scale
(PQLS) was developed to measure quality of life (QoL) among
patients awaiting lung transplant. The objective of this
study was to determine the psychometric properties of the
PQLS, identify empirically derived sub-scales, and examine
ability to detect changes in pulmonary-specific QoL scores
after lung transplantation. METHODS: Data were derived from
the INSPIRE trial, a dual-site randomized controlled trial
of coping skills training in 389 lung transplant candidates
(obstructive [48.3%], restrictive [24.2%], cystic fibrosis
[13.6%], and other [13.9%]). Cronbach alpha was calculated
to assess the internal reliability of the PQLS (n = 388).
Test-retest reliability was assessed with correlation
coefficients between baseline and 12-week post-baseline
scores for the usual care control condition (n = 140).
Convergent validity was assessed with correlation
coefficients between the PQLS and established measures of
QoL and emotional distress, 6-minute walk test distance,
forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and use of
supplemental oxygen at rest (n = 388). Change from baseline
to 6 months post-transplantation was assessed with repeated
measures analysis of variance (n = 133). RESULTS: The PQLS
was internally reliable and stable across 12 weeks. The PQLS
correlated strongly with QoL measures (e.g., Shortness of
Breath Questionnaire, r = 0.78, p < 0.0001), moderately with
mood and anxiety (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory-II, r =
0.59, p < 0.0001), and modestly with lung disease severity
(e.g., 6-minute walk test, r = -0.41, p < 0.0001). PQLS
scores improved by nearly 2 SDs after transplant.
CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated the reliability,
validity, and sensitivity to change of the PQLS for
measuring pulmonary QoL among patients with advanced lung
disease and the responsiveness of the PQLS to changes in QoL
after lung transplantation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.healun.2015.03.005},
Key = {fds270587}
}
@article{fds270590,
Author = {Stonerock, GL and Hoffman, BM and Smith, PJ and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Exercise as Treatment for Anxiety: Systematic Review and
Analysis.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a Publication of the Society
of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {542-556},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9685-9},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Exercise has been shown to reduce symptoms of
anxiety, but few studies have studied exercise in
individuals preselected because of their high anxiety.
PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to review and
critically evaluate studies of exercise training in adults
with either high levels of anxiety or an anxiety disorder.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized
clinical trials (RCTs) in which anxious adults were
randomized to an exercise or nonexercise control condition.
Data were extracted concerning anxiety outcomes and study
design. Existing meta-analyses were also reviewed. RESULTS:
Evidence from 12 RCTs suggested benefits of exercise, for
select groups, similar to established treatments and greater
than placebo. However, most studies had significant
methodological limitations, including small sample sizes,
concurrent therapies, and inadequate assessment of adherence
and fitness levels. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise may be a useful
treatment for anxiety, but lack of data from rigorous,
methodologically sound RCTs precludes any definitive
conclusions about its effectiveness.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12160-014-9685-9},
Key = {fds270590}
}
@article{fds270595,
Author = {Routledge, FS and Hinderliter, AL and McFetridge-Durdle, J and Blumenthal, JA and Paine, NJ and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Endothelial function in postmenopausal women with nighttime
systolic hypertension.},
Journal = {Menopause},
Volume = {22},
Number = {8},
Pages = {857-863},
Year = {2015},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1072-3714},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000405},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Hypertension becomes more prevalent in women
during their postmenopausal years. Nighttime systolic blood
pressure (SBP) is especially predictive of adverse cardiac
events, and the relationship between rising nighttime SBP
and cardiovascular risk increases more rapidly in women
compared with men. The reasons for the prognostic
significance of nighttime SBP are not completely known but
may involve vascular endothelial dysfunction. The purposes
of this study were to examine the relationship between
nighttime SBP and endothelial function, as assessed by
brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and to
determine whether postmenopausal women with nighttime
hypertension (SBP ≥120 mm Hg) evidenced greater
endothelial dysfunction compared with women with normal
nighttime SBP. METHODS: One hundred postmenopausal women
(mean [SD] age, 65.8 [7.5] y; mean [SD] body mass index,
28.3 [4.7] kg/m; hypertension, 47%; coronary artery disease,
51%; mean [SD] clinic SBP, 137 [17] mm Hg; mean [SD] clinic
diastolic blood pressure, 67 [11] mm Hg; nighttime
hypertension, 34 women) underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring, actigraphy, and brachial artery FMD
assessment. RESULTS: Multivariate regression models showed
that higher nighttime SBP and larger baseline artery
diameter were inversely related to FMD. Nighttime SBP and
baseline artery diameter accounted for 23% of the variance
in FMD. After adjustment for baseline artery diameter, women
with nighttime hypertension had lower mean (SD) FMD than
women with normal nighttime SBP (2.95% [0.65%] vs 5.52%
[0.46%], P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Nighttime hypertension is
associated with reduced endothelial function in
postmenopausal women. Research examining the therapeutic
benefits of nighttime hypertension treatment on endothelial
function and future cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal
women is warranted.},
Doi = {10.1097/GME.0000000000000405},
Key = {fds270595}
}
@article{fds270589,
Author = {Mentz, RJ and Babyak, MA and Bittner, V and Fleg, JL and Keteyian, SJ and Swank, AM and Piña, IL and Kraus, WE and Whellan, DJ and O'Connor, CM and Blumenthal, JA and HF-ACTION Investigators},
Title = {Prognostic significance of depression in blacks with heart
failure: insights from Heart Failure: a Controlled Trial
Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training.},
Journal = {Circ Heart Fail},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3},
Pages = {497-503},
Year = {2015},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1941-3289},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001995},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although studies have shown that depression is
associated with worse outcomes in patients with heart
failure, most studies have been in white patients. The
impact of depression on outcomes in blacks with heart
failure has not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: We
analyzed 747 blacks and 1420 whites enrolled in Heart
Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of
Exercise Training, which randomized 2331 patients with
ejection fraction ≤35% to usual care with or without
exercise training. We examined the association between
depressive symptoms assessed by the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II) at baseline and after 3 months with
all-cause mortality/hospitalization. A race by baseline
BDI-II interaction was observed (P=0.003) in which elevated
baseline scores were associated with worse outcomes in
blacks versus whites. In blacks, the association was
nonlinear with a hazard ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence
interval, 1.24-1.68) when comparing the 75th and 25th
percentile of BDI-II (score of 15 and 5, respectively). No
race interaction was observed for mortality (P=0.34). There
was no differential association between BDI-II change and
outcomes in blacks versus whites. In blacks, an increase in
BDI-II score from baseline to 3 months was associated with
increased mortality/hospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.33; 95%
confidence interval, 1.12-1.57 per 10 point increase),
whereas a decrease was not related to outcomes. CONCLUSIONS:
In blacks with heart failure, baseline symptoms of
depression and worsening of symptoms over time are
associated with increased all-cause mortality/hospitalization.
Routine assessment of depressive symptoms in blacks with
heart failure may help guide management. CLINICAL TRIAL
REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique
identifier: NCT00047437.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001995},
Key = {fds270589}
}
@article{fds270593,
Author = {Belsky, DW and Caspi, A and Israel, S and Blumenthal, JA and Poulton, R and Moffitt, TE},
Title = {Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in midlife:
neuroprotection or neuroselection?},
Journal = {Annals of Neurology},
Volume = {77},
Number = {4},
Pages = {607-617},
Year = {2015},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0364-5134},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9709 Duke open
access},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: A study was undertaken to determine whether
better cognitive functioning at midlife among more
physically fit individuals reflects neuroprotection, by
which fitness protects against age-related cognitive
decline, or neuroselection, by which children with higher
cognitive functioning select more active lifestyles.
METHODS: Children in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study
(N = 1,037) completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scales
and the Trail Making, Rey Delayed Recall, and Grooved
Pegboard tasks as children and again at midlife
(age = 38 years). Adult cardiorespiratory fitness was
assessed using a submaximal exercise test to estimate
maximum oxygen consumption adjusted for body weight in
milliliters/minute/kilogram. We tested whether more fit
individuals had better cognitive functioning than their less
fit counterparts (which could be consistent with
neuroprotection), and whether better childhood cognitive
functioning predisposed to better adult cardiorespiratory
fitness (neuroselection). Finally, we examined possible
mechanisms of neuroselection. RESULTS: Participants with
better cardiorespiratory fitness had higher cognitive test
scores at midlife. However, fitness-associated advantages in
cognitive functioning were already present in childhood.
After accounting for childhood baseline performance on the
same cognitive tests, there was no association between
cardiorespiratory fitness and midlife cognitive functioning.
Socioeconomic and health advantages in childhood and
healthier lifestyles during young adulthood explained most
of the association between childhood cognitive functioning
and adult cardiorespiratory fitness. INTERPRETATION: We
found no evidence for a neuroprotective effect of
cardiorespiratory fitness as of midlife. Instead, children
with better cognitive functioning are selecting healthier
lives. Fitness interventions may enhance cognitive
functioning. However, observational and experimental studies
testing neuroprotective effects of physical fitness should
consider confounding by neuroselection.},
Doi = {10.1002/ana.24356},
Key = {fds270593}
}
@article{fds270594,
Author = {Fan, L-B and Blumenthal, JA and Watkins, LL and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Work and home stress: associations with anxiety and
depression symptoms.},
Journal = {Occup Med (Lond)},
Volume = {65},
Number = {2},
Pages = {110-116},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0962-7480},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqu181},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: In the evolving work environment of global
competition, the associations between work and home stress
and psychological well-being are not well understood. AIMS:
To examine the impact of psychosocial stress at work and at
home on anxiety and depression. METHODS: In medically
healthy employed men and women (aged 30-60), serial
regression analyses were used to determine the independent
association of psychosocial stress at work and at home with
depression symptoms, measured using the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II), and anxiety symptoms, measured using
the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psychosocial
stress at work was measured using the Job Content
Questionnaire to assess job psychological demands, job
control, job social support and job insecurity. Psychosocial
stress at home was assessed by 12 questions including stress
at home, personal problems, family demands and feelings
about home life. RESULTS: Serial regression analyses in 129
subjects revealed that job insecurity and home stress were
most strongly associated with depression and anxiety
symptoms. Job insecurity accounted for 9% of the variation
both in BDI-II scores and in STAI scores. Home stress
accounted for 13 and 17% of the variation in BDI-II scores
and STAI scores, respectively. In addition, job social
support was significantly and independently associated with
STAI scores but not BDI-II scores. CONCLUSIONS: Work and
home stress were associated with anxiety and depression
symptoms in both men and women. Both work and home stress
should be considered in studies evaluating anxiety and
depression in working populations.},
Doi = {10.1093/occmed/kqu181},
Key = {fds270594}
}
@article{fds329496,
Author = {Durheim, MT and Smith, PJ and Babyak, MA and Mabe, SK and Martinu, T and Welty-Wolf, KE and Emery, CF and Palmer, SM and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Six-minute-walk distance and accelerometry predict outcomes
in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease independent of
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2011
Group.},
Journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {12},
Number = {3},
Pages = {349-356},
Year = {2015},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201408-365OC},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: The 2011 combined Global Initiative for Chronic
Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) assessment incorporates
symptoms, exacerbation history, and spirometry in
discriminating risk of exacerbations in patients with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Six-minute-walk distance (6MWD) and accelerometry also have
been used to assess disease severity in COPD. The
association between these measures and the risks of
hospitalization and mortality in the context of GOLD 2011 is
unknown. OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in exercise
tolerance and physical activity over time in patients with
COPD and to test the hypothesis that lower baseline 6MWD or
accelerometry step count is associated with increased risk
of COPD-related hospitalization or all-cause mortality,
independent of GOLD 2011 group. METHODS: Physical function
and medical outcomes were prospectively assessed in 326
patients with moderate to severe COPD in INSPIRE-II, a
randomized controlled trial of a coping skills training
intervention. Cox models were used to determine if GOLD 2011
group, 6MWD, or accelerometry steps were associated with
risk of COPD-related hospitalization or all-cause mortality.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Physical function declined
over time in GOLD group D but remained stable in groups A,
B, and C. GOLD classification was associated with time to
death or first COPD-related hospitalization. Baseline 6MWD
was more strongly associated with time to death or first
COPD-related hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.50 [95%
confidence interval, 0.34, 0.73] per 150 m, P=0.0003) than
GOLD 2011 classification. A similar relationship was
observed for accelerometry steps (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95%
confidence interval, 0.70, 0.92] per 1,000 steps, P=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Exercise tolerance and daily physical activity
are important predictors of hospitalization and mortality in
COPD, independent of GOLD 2011 classification. Physical
function may represent a modifiable risk factor that
warrants increased attention as a target for interventions
to improve clinically meaningful outcomes in
COPD.},
Doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.201408-365OC},
Key = {fds329496}
}
@article{fds270599,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Rivelli, SK and Waters, AM and Hoyle, A and Durheim, MT and Reynolds, JM and Flowers, M and Davis, RD and Palmer, SM and Mathew, JP and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Delirium affects length of hospital stay after lung
transplantation.},
Journal = {J Crit Care},
Volume = {30},
Number = {1},
Pages = {126-129},
Year = {2015},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0883-9441},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.09.010},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Delirium is relatively common after lung
transplantation, although its prevalence and prognostic
significance have not been systematically studied. The
purpose of the present study was to examine pretransplant
predictors of delirium and the short-term impact of delirium
on clinical outcomes among lung transplant recipients.
METHODS: Participants underwent pretransplant cognitive
testing using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of
Neuropsychological Status and the Trail Making Test. After
transplant, delirium was assessed using the Confusion
Assessment Method until discharge. RESULTS: Sixty-three
patients were transplanted between March and November 2013,
of which 23 (37%) developed delirium. Among transplanted
patients, 48 patients completed pretransplant cognitive
testing. Better pretransplant cognitive function was
associated with lower risk of delirium (odds ratio, 0.69
[95% confidence interval 0.48, 0.99], P = .043); and
demographic and clinical features including native disease
(P = .236), the Charlson comorbidity index (P = .581), and
the lung allocation score (P = .871) were unrelated to risk
of delirium, although there was a trend for women to
experience delirium less frequently (P = .071). The presence
(P = .006) and duration (P = .027) of delirium were both
associated with longer hospital stays. CONCLUSION: Delirium
occurs in more than one-third of patients after lung
transplantation. Delirium was associated with poorer
pretransplant cognitive functioning and longer hospital
stays, after accounting for other medical and demographic
factors.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.09.010},
Key = {fds270599}
}
@article{fds270591,
Author = {Paine, NJ and Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Kuhn, CM and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Association of depressive and anxiety symptoms with 24-hour
urinary catecholamines in individuals with untreated high
blood pressure.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {77},
Number = {2},
Pages = {136-144},
Year = {2015},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000144},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression and anxiety are considered risk
factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The explanatory
mechanisms, however, are still to be characterized. One
proposed pathophysiological pathway is dysregulation of the
autonomic nervous system, including heightened sympathetic
nervous system activity. This study examined the
relationship between symptoms of depression, anxiety, and
sympathetic nervous system activity in individuals with
untreated high blood pressure. METHODS: A total of 140
participants with untreated high blood pressure (55% white,
38.5% female, mean [standard deviation] age = 45.5 [8.55]
years) collected urine over a 24-hour period on 3 separate
occasions. Urine samples were assayed for mean 24-hour
epinephrine (EPI24) and norepinephrine excretion. Depressive
symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory,
with anxiety symptoms assessed using the Spielberger
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: Depression and
anxiety scores were intercorrelated (r = 0.76, p < .001).
EPI24 was positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.20, p =
.02) but not depression (r = 0.02, p = .77), whereas 24-hour
urinary norepinephrine excretion was not correlated with
anxiety (r = 0.10, p = .21) or with depression (r = 0.07, p
= .39). Regression models, accounting for sex, age, body
mass index, race, mean systolic ambulatory blood pressure,
tobacco use, alcohol use, physical activity, and sleep
efficiency confirmed that anxiety was associated with EPI24
excretion (p = .023) and that depressive symptoms were not
(p = .54). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety was associated with
heightened sympathoadrenal activity, suggesting a biological
pathway through which anxiety could increase CVD risk.
Anxiety and depression may confer increased CVD risk via
different mechanisms.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000144},
Key = {fds270591}
}
@article{fds270598,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Rivelli, S and Waters, A and Reynolds, J and Hoyle, A and Flowers, M and Davis, RD and Palmer, SM and Mathew, J and Durheim, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Neurocognitive changes after lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Annals of the American Thoracic Society},
Volume = {11},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1520-1527},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {2329-6933},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201406-232OC},
Abstract = {RATIONALE: Neurocognitive impairments are associated with
reduced quality of life and may adversely affect medical
compliance, but their prevalence after lung transplantation
has not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVES: To examine the
frequency of neurocognitive impairment after lung
transplantation and to examine perioperative factors
affecting post-transplant neurocognitive function.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We performed serial
assessments of neurocognitive function in a consecutive
series of 47 subjects who received transplants between March
2013 and November 2013 (45% women; mean age,
53.5 ± 17.2 yr). Neurocognitive function was assessed
using a composite measure including the Repeatable Battery
for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)
total score and Trail Making Test parts A and B obtained
before transplant, at hospital discharge, and 3 months after
discharge. The presence of neurocognitive impairment was
assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Battery
(MoCA), and in-hospital delirium was assessed using the
Confusion Assessment Method. Results demonstrated that
neurocognitive performance initially worsened among
non-cystic fibrosis patients and improved over follow-up
(P = 0.002). Time effects were strongest on Trail Making
Test part B (P < 0.001) and the RBANS (P = 0.054).
Participants who exhibited delirium during their
hospitalization showed poorer performance during follow-up
assessments (P = 0.006). Examination of cognitive
impairment rates demonstrated that 21 participants (45%)
exhibited neurocognitive impairment (MoCA < 26) before
lung transplant, whereas 27 (57%) participants exhibited
impairment after transplantation, and 19 (57%) participants
continued to neurocognitive impairment during a 3-month
follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognitive impairments are
prevalent among lung transplant candidates and appear to
worsen in some patients after transplant. Delirium during
hospitalization is associated with worse neurocognitive
function after transplant among patients without cystic
fibrosis.},
Doi = {10.1513/AnnalsATS.201406-232OC},
Key = {fds270598}
}
@article{fds270597,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Doraiswamy, PM},
Title = {Exercise to combat depression.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {312},
Number = {20},
Pages = {2166-2167},
Year = {2014},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.14334},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2014.14334},
Key = {fds270597}
}
@article{fds270600,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Smith, PJ and Keefe, FJ and Welty-Wolf,
K and Mabe, S and Martinu, T and Johnson, JJ and Babyak, MA and O'Hayer,
VF and Diaz, PT and Durheim, M and Baucom, D and Palmer,
SM},
Title = {The effects of a telehealth coping skills intervention on
outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: primary
results from the INSPIRE-II study.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {76},
Number = {8},
Pages = {581-592},
Year = {2014},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000101},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is
associated with increased morbidity and mortality and
reduced quality of life (QoL). Novel interventions are
needed to improve outcomes in COPD patients. The present
study assessed the effects of a telephone-based coping
skills intervention on psychological and somatic QoL and on
the combined medical end point of COPD-related
hospitalizations and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We
conducted a dual-site, randomized clinical trial with
assessments at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment. The
study population comprised 326 outpatients with COPD aged 38
to 81 years, randomized to coping skills training (CST) or
to COPD education (COPD-ED). Patients completed a battery of
QoL instruments, pulmonary function tests, and functional
measures and were followed up for up to 4.4 years to assess
medical outcomes. RESULTS: The CST group exhibited greater
improvements in psychological QoL compared with controls (p
= .001), including less depression (Cohen d = 0.22 [95%
confidence interval, or CI = 0.08-0.36]) and anxiety (d =
0.17 [95% CI = 0.02-0.33]), and better overall mental health
(d = 0.17 [95% CI = 0.03-0.32]), emotional role functioning
(d = 0.29 [95% CI = 0.10-0.48]), vitality (d = 0.27 [95% CI
= 0.11, 0.42]), and social functioning (d = 0.21 [95% CI =
0.03-0.38]). A significant baseline psychological QoL by
treatment group interaction revealed that CST with lower QoL
at baseline achieved even greater improvements in
psychological QoL compared with COPD-ED. CST participants
also exhibited greater improvements in somatic QoL (p =
.042), including greater improvements in pulmonary QoL (d =
0.13 [95% CI = 0.01-0.24]), less fatigue (d = 0.34 [95% CI =
0.18-0.50]), and less shortness of breath (d = 0.11 [95% CI
= -0.01 to 0.23]) and greater improvement in distance walked
on the Six-Minute Walk test (d = 0.09 [95% CI = 0.01-0.16]).
However, there was no significant difference in risk of time
to COPD-related hospitalization or all-cause mortality
between CST (34 events) and COPD-ED (32 events; p = 0.430).
CONCLUSIONS: A telehealth CST intervention produced
clinically meaningful improvements in QoL and functional
capacity, but no overall improvement in risk of COPD-related
hospitalization and all-cause mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00736268.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000101},
Key = {fds270600}
}
@article{fds270602,
Author = {Somers, TJ and Wren, AA and Blumenthal, JA and Caldwell, D and Huffman,
KM and Keefe, FJ},
Title = {Pain, physical functioning, and overeating in obese
rheumatoid arthritis patients: do thoughts about pain and
eating matter?},
Journal = {J Clin Rheumatol},
Volume = {20},
Number = {5},
Pages = {244-250},
Year = {2014},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1076-1608},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RHU.0000000000000124},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Obese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have
higher levels of pain, disability, and disease activity than
do nonobese patients with RA. Patients' health-related
thoughts about arthritis and weight may be important to
consider in obese patients with RA who face the dual
challenge of managing RA and weight. OBJECTIVES: The
objective of this study was to examine the relationships of
pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy (ie, confidence) for
arthritis management and self-efficacy for weight management
to important outcomes in obese patients with RA. We expected
that after controlling for demographic and medical
variables, higher levels of pain catastrophizing and lower
levels of confidence would account for significant and
unique variance in pain, physical functioning, and
overeating. METHODS: Participants had a diagnosis of RA and
a body mass index of 28 kg/m or greater and completed
self-report questionnaires assessing pain, physical
functioning, overeating, pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy
for arthritis management, self-efficacy for weight
management, and a 6-minute walk test. RESULTS: Pain
catastrophizing, self-efficacy for arthritis, and
self-efficacy for weight management were significantly and
uniquely related to RA-related outcomes. Pain
catastrophizing was a significant independent predictor of
pain severity (β = 0.38); self-efficacy for arthritis was a
significant independent predictor of self-report physical
functioning (β = -0.37) and the 6-minute walk performance
(β = 0.44), and self-efficacy for weight management was a
significant independent predictor of overeating (β =
-0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy for
arthritis, and self-efficacy for weight management each
contributed uniquely to relate to key outcomes in obese
patients with RA. Clinicians should consider assessment of
thought processes when assessing and intervening with
patients who face dual health challenges; unique
intervention approaches may be needed for addressing the
challenges of arthritis and weight.},
Doi = {10.1097/RHU.0000000000000124},
Key = {fds270602}
}
@article{fds270603,
Author = {Carney, RM and Steinmeyer, B and Freedland, KE and Stein, PK and Hayano,
J and Blumenthal, JA and Jaffe, AS},
Title = {Nocturnal patterns of heart rate and the risk of mortality
after acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {168},
Number = {1},
Pages = {117-125},
Year = {2014},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2014.04.012},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to identify
nocturnal patterns of heart rate (HR) in depressed and
nondepressed patients after an acute myocardial infarction
(MI) and to determine which patterns, if any, are associated
with all-cause mortality or recurrent infarction. METHODS:
Functional data analysis and model-based clustering methods
were used to identify nocturnal HR patterns in 245 depressed
and 247 nondepressed patients with a recent MI. All-cause
mortality and recurrent infarctions were ascertained over a
median follow-up of 24 months. RESULTS: Three HR activity
patterns were identified. In the first, HR gradually
declined during the nighttime and increased the next
morning. The second pattern was similar, but with a higher
overall HR during the recording interval. The third showed
almost no decrease in HR at night (ie, "nondipping").
All-cause mortality was higher among patients with pattern 3
than pattern 1 (P = .007), and the combined end point of
recurrent MI or all-cause mortality was higher in pattern 3
than pattern 2 (P = .05). Patterns 2 and 3 were more common
in the depressed than in the nondepressed patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The nondipping nocturnal HR independently
predicts all-cause mortality and recurrent MI. Future
studies should examine the underlying causes of nondipping
nocturnal HR and its association with depression and
investigate the effects of treatment on survival.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2014.04.012},
Key = {fds270603}
}
@article{fds270605,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Sherwood, A and Craighead, LW and Lin, P-H and Watkins, L and Babyak, MA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The long-term effects of lifestyle change on blood pressure:
One-year follow-up of the ENCORE study.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {27},
Number = {5},
Pages = {734-741},
Year = {2014},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpt183},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data describing the
sustained benefits of lifestyle interventions on health
behaviors and blood pressure (BP). METHODS: We examined the
persistence of changes in health habits and BP in the ENCORE
study, a trial in which 144 overweight individuals with
above-normal BP were randomized to one of the following
16-week interventions: Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet alone (DASH-A), DASH diet plus a
behavioral weight management intervention (DASH-WM), or
Usual Care. Follow-up assessments were conducted 8 months
after the end of treatment. RESULTS: At 16 weeks, systolic
BP was reduced by 16.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) =
13.0-19.2) mm Hg in the DASH-WM group, 11.2 (95% CI =
8.1-14.3) mm Hg in the DASH-A group, and 3.4 (95% CI =
0.4-6.4) mm Hg in the Usual Care group. A decrease in BP
persisted for 8 months, with systolic BP lower than baseline
by 11.7 (95% CI = 8.1-15.3) mm Hg in the DASH-WM group, 9.5
(95% CI = 6.7-12.1) mm Hg in the DASH-A group, and 3.9 (95%
CI = 0.5-7.3) mm Hg in the Usual Care group (P < 0.001 for
active treatments vs. Usual Care). DASH-WM subjects lost 8.7
kg during the intervention and remained 6.3 kg lighter on
follow-up examination. Changes in diet content were
sustained in both DASH intervention groups. Among those who
participated in DASH-WM, however, caloric intake was no
longer lower, and only 21% reported still exercising
regularly 8 months after completing the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in dietary habits, weight, and BP
persisted for 8 months after completion of the 16-week
ENCORE program, with some attenuation of the benefits.
Additional research is needed to identify effective methods
to promote long-term maintenance of the benefits of
lifestyle modification programs. CLINICAL TRIAL
REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier:
NCT00571844.},
Doi = {10.1093/ajh/hpt183},
Key = {fds270605}
}
@article{fds316068,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Rivelli, S and Hoyle, A and Waters, A and Flowers, M and Davis, D},
Title = {NEUROPSYCHIATRIC OUTCOMES FOLLOWING LUNG
TRANSPLANTATION},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {S289-S289},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000334408301365&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316068}
}
@article{fds316056,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, C and Smith, P and Keefe, F and Welty-Wolf, K and Mabe, S and Martinu, T and Johnson, J and Babyak, M and O'Hayer, V and Diaz, P and Baucom, D and Palmer, S},
Title = {THE USE OF A TELEHEALTH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE COPING WITH
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {47},
Pages = {S234-S234},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2014},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000334408301149&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316056}
}
@article{fds270606,
Author = {Lichtman, JH and Froelicher, ES and Blumenthal, JA and Carney, RM and Doering, LV and Frasure-Smith, N and Freedland, KE and Jaffe, AS and Leifheit-Limson, EC and Sheps, DS and Vaccarino, V and Wulsin, L and American Heart Association Statistics Committee of the
Council on Epidemiology and Prevention and the Council on
Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for poor prognosis among
patients with acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and
recommendations: a scientific statement from the American
Heart Association.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {129},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1350-1369},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000019},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although prospective studies, systematic
reviews, and meta-analyses have documented an association
between depression and increased morbidity and mortality in
a variety of cardiac populations, depression has not yet
achieved formal recognition as a risk factor for poor
prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome by the
American Heart Association and other health organizations.
The purpose of this scientific statement is to review
available evidence and recommend whether depression should
be elevated to the status of a risk factor for patients with
acute coronary syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Writing group
members were approved by the American Heart Association's
Scientific Statement and Manuscript Oversight Committees. A
systematic literature review on depression and adverse
medical outcomes after acute coronary syndrome was conducted
that included all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and
composite outcomes for mortality and nonfatal events. The
review assessed the strength, consistency, independence, and
generalizability of the published studies. A total of 53
individual studies (32 reported on associations with
all-cause mortality, 12 on cardiac mortality, and 22 on
composite outcomes) and 4 meta-analyses met inclusion
criteria. There was heterogeneity across studies in terms of
the demographic composition of study samples, definition and
measurement of depression, length of follow-up, and
covariates included in the multivariable models. Despite
limitations in some individual studies, our review
identified generally consistent associations between
depression and adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the
heterogeneity of published studies included in this review,
the preponderance of evidence supports the recommendation
that the American Heart Association should elevate
depression to the status of a risk factor for adverse
medical outcomes in patients with acute coronary
syndrome.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIR.0000000000000019},
Key = {fds270606}
}
@article{fds270607,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and O'Hayer, CVF and Trulock, EP and Martinu, T and Schwartz, TA and Hoffman, BM and Koch, GG and Davis, RD and Palmer,
SM},
Title = {Neurobehavioral functioning and survival following lung
transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {145},
Number = {3},
Pages = {604-611},
Year = {2014},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.12-2127},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Neurobehavioral functioning is widely recognized
as being an important consideration in lung transplant
candidates, but little is known about whether these factors
are related to clinical outcomes. The present study examined
the relationship of neurobehavioral functioning, including
measures of executive function and memory, depression, and
anxiety, to long-term survival among lung transplant
recipients. METHODS: The sample was drawn from 201 patients
who underwent transplantation at Duke University and
Washington University who participated in a dual-site
clinical trial investigating medical and psychosocial
outcomes in transplant candidates with end-stage lung
disease. All patients completed the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety
Inventory at baseline and again after 12 weeks, while a
subset of 86 patients from Duke University also completed
neurocognitive testing. Patients were followed for survival
up to 12 years after completing baseline assessments.
RESULTS: One hundred eleven patients died over a mean
follow-up of 10.8 years (SD=0.8). Baseline depression,
anxiety, and neurocognitive function were examined as
predictors of posttransplant survival, controlling for age,
6-min walk distance, FEV, and native disease; education and
cardiovascular risk factors were also included in the model
for neurocognition. Lower executive function (hazard ratio
[HR]=1.09, P=.012) and memory performance (HR=1.11, P=.030)
were independently associated with greater mortality
following lung transplant. Although pretransplant depression
and anxiety were not predictive of mortality, patients who
scored>13 on the BDI-II at baseline and after 3 months
pretransplant had greater mortality (HR=1.85 [95% CI, 1.04,
3.28], P=.036). CONCLUSIONS: Neurobehavioral functioning,
including persistently elevated depressive symptoms and
lower neurocognitive performance, was associated with
reduced survival after lung transplantation. TRIAL REGISTRY:
ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT00113139; URL:
www.clinicaltrials.gov.},
Doi = {10.1378/chest.12-2127},
Key = {fds270607}
}
@article{fds270609,
Author = {Combs, K and Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Hoffman, B and Carney, RM and Freedland, K and Craighead, WE and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Impact of sleep complaints and depression outcomes among
participants in the standard medical intervention and
long-term exercise study of exercise and pharmacotherapy for
depression.},
Journal = {J Nerv Ment Dis},
Volume = {202},
Number = {2},
Pages = {167-171},
Year = {2014},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3018},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000085},
Abstract = {The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise
and sertraline on disordered sleep in patients with major
depressive disorder (MDD). Methods The Standard Medical
Intervention and Long-term Exercise study randomized the
patients with MDD (n = 202) to one of four arms: a)
supervised exercise, b) home-based exercise, c) sertraline
therapy, and d) placebo pill. Sleep disturbance was assessed
with three sleep-related items from the Hamilton Rating
Scale for Depression (HAM-D) before and after 4 months of
treatment. The patients were followed for 12 months to
assess the prognostic value of sleep disturbance on MDD
relapse and recovery.Results Comparison of the active
treatment and placebo groups showed no treatment differences
in HAM-D sleep complaints after 4 months (p = 0.758).
However, residual insomnia symptoms after treatment were
strongly associated with elevated depressive symptoms
assessed by the HAM-D after 4 months (β = 0.342, p <
0.0001) and MDD relapse (odds ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence
interval, 1.15-2.10; p = 0.004) assessed at 1-year follow-up
(16 months after randomization). Neither exercise nor
sertraline was associated with greater improvements in sleep
disturbance compared with the placebo controls. However,
residual symptoms of insomnia after successful treatment of
MDD predicted relapse, highlighting the clinical importance
of addressing insomnia in patients with MDD.},
Doi = {10.1097/NMD.0000000000000085},
Key = {fds270609}
}
@article{fds270612,
Author = {Lavie, CJ and Milani, RV and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise, cardiac rehabilitation, and post-acute coronary
syndrome depression.},
Journal = {Jama Internal Medicine},
Volume = {174},
Number = {1},
Pages = {165-166},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24394932},
Doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.11112},
Key = {fds270612}
}
@article{fds270596,
Author = {Choi, KW and Somers, TJ and Babyak, MA and Sikkema, KJ and Blumenthal,
JA and Keefe, FJ},
Title = {The relationship between pain and eating among overweight
and obese individuals with osteoarthritis: an ecological
momentary study.},
Journal = {Pain Res Manag},
Volume = {19},
Number = {6},
Pages = {e159-e163},
Year = {2014},
ISSN = {1203-6765},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/598382},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) patients who are overweight
or obese report higher levels of pain compared with their
normal-weight OA counterparts. Evidence suggests that
overweight or obese OA patients also experience pain relief
from eating foods high in calories, fat or sugar. Eating to
alleviate pain may be problematic because it can lead to
additional weight gain, which may contribute to heightened
pain. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between
pain and food intake using ecological momentary assessments
in a sample of 71 overweight and obese OA patients. METHODS:
Participants completed two consecutive days of diary entries
in which they recorded their levels of pain, mood and food
intake throughout the day. Data were analyzed using
generalized estimating equations that modelled pain as a
predictor of calorie, fat and sugar intake. All models were
adjusted for sex, body mass index, negative mood, time and
treatment history. RESULTS: Pain significantly predicted
calorie (Z=2.57; P=0.01) and fat intake (Z=1.99; P=0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Using ecological momentary assessments as a
novel approach, the present study provides preliminary data
supporting a relationship between pain and food intake among
overweight and obese OA patients. Continued advances in our
understanding of the relationship between pain and eating
behaviour may help to optimize intervention strategies for
these patients.},
Doi = {10.1155/2014/598382},
Key = {fds270596}
}
@article{fds271022,
Author = {Greenfield, JC and Rembert, JC},
Title = {Letter to the editor.},
Journal = {J Electrocardiol},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130},
Year = {2014},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2013.09.037},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2013.09.037},
Key = {fds271022}
}
@article{fds270618,
Author = {Mathew, JP and White, WD and Schinderle, DB and Podgoreanu, MV and Berger, M and Milano, CA and Laskowitz, DT and Stafford-Smith, M and Blumenthal, JA and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome Research
Group (NORG) of The Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Intraoperative magnesium administration does not improve
neurocognitive function after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation},
Volume = {44},
Number = {12},
Pages = {3407-3413},
Year = {2013},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24105697},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neurocognitive decline occurs
frequently after cardiac surgery and persists in a
significant number of patients. Magnesium is thought to
provide neuroprotection by preservation of cellular energy
metabolism, blockade of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor,
diminution of the inflammatory response, and inhibition of
platelet activation. We therefore hypothesized that
intraoperative magnesium administration would decrease
postoperative cognitive impairment. METHODS: After approval
by the Duke University Health System Institutional Review
Board, 389 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled
in this prospective, randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled clinical trial. Subjects were randomized
to receive magnesium as a 50 mg/kg bolus followed by another
50 mg/kg infusion for 3 hours or placebo bolus and infusion.
Cognitive function was assessed preoperatively and again at
6 weeks postoperatively using a standardized test battery.
Mean CD11b fluorescence and percentage of platelets
expressing CD62P, which are markers of leukocyte and
platelet activation, respectively, were assessed by flow
cytometry as a secondary outcome. The effect of magnesium on
postoperative cognition was tested using multivariable
regression modeling, adjusting for age, years of education,
baseline cognition, sex, race, and weight. RESULTS: Among
the 389 allocated subjects (magnesium: n=198; placebo:
n=191), the incidence of cognitive deficit in the magnesium
group was 44.4% compared with 44.9% in the placebo group
(P=0.93). The cognitive change score and platelet and
leukocyte activation were also not different between the
groups. Multivariable analysis revealed a marginal
interaction between treatment group and weight such that
heavier subjects receiving magnesium were less likely to
have cognitive deficit (P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Magnesium
administered intravenously during cardiac surgery does not
reduce postoperative cognitive dysfunction. CLINICAL TRIAL
REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique
identifier: NCT00041392.},
Doi = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002703},
Key = {fds270618}
}
@article{fds270614,
Author = {Fleg, JL and Forman, DE and Berra, K and Bittner, V and Blumenthal, JA and Chen, MA and Cheng, S and Kitzman, DW and Maurer, MS and Rich, MW and Shen,
W-K and Williams, MA and Zieman, SJ and American Heart Association
Committees on Older Populations and Exercise Cardiac
Rehabilitation and Prevention of the Council on Clinical
Cardiology and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing,
Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic
He},
Title = {Secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease in older adults: a scientific statement from the
American Heart Association.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {128},
Number = {22},
Pages = {2422-2446},
Year = {2013},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000436752.99896.22},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.0000436752.99896.22},
Key = {fds270614}
}
@article{fds270617,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Potter, GG and McLaren, ME and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Impact of aerobic exercise on neurobehavioral
outcomes.},
Journal = {Mental Health and Physical Activity},
Volume = {6},
Number = {3},
Pages = {139-153},
Year = {2013},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1755-2966},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.06.008},
Abstract = {Numerous studies have examined the relationship between
physical activity and cognitive function, demonstrating that
greater physical activity is associated with lower incidence
of cognitive impairment in later life. Due to an
increasingly large number of older adults at risk for
cognitive impairment, the relationship between physical
activity and cognition has garnered increasing public health
relevance and multiple randomized trials have demonstrated
that exercise interventions among sedentary adults improve
cognitive performance in multiple domains of function. This
article will examine the relationship between physical
activity and cognitive function by reviewing several
different areas of literature, including the prevalence of
cognitive impairment, assessment methods, observational
studies examining physical activity and cognition, and
intervention studies. The present review is intended to
provide a historical tutorial of existing literature linking
physical activity, exercise, and cognitive function among
both healthy and clinical populations.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.06.008},
Key = {fds270617}
}
@article{fds316067,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Sketch,
MH},
Title = {ADDITIVE ASSOCIATION OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION WITH
ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CORONARY HEART
DISEASE},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {A116-A116},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330467400371&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316067}
}
@article{fds316057,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {OBESITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH POORER NEUROCOGNITIVE PERFORMANCE
AMONG ADULTS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {A61-A61},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330467400195&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316057}
}
@article{fds316066,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Geordiades, A and Sketch, MH},
Title = {NATURALISTIC STRESSORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED 24-HOUR
HRV IN ACUTE POST-MI PATIENTS},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {75},
Number = {3},
Pages = {A65-A65},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2013},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330467400208&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316066}
}
@article{fds270626,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Koch, GG and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Davidson, JRT and O'Connor, C and Sketch, MH},
Title = {Association of anxiety and depression with all-cause
mortality in individuals with coronary heart
disease.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Heart Association},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {e000068},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23537805},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression has been related to mortality in
coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, but few studies have
evaluated the role of anxiety or the role of the
co-occurrence of depression and anxiety. We examined whether
anxiety is associated with increased risk of mortality after
accounting for depression in individuals with established
CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: The cohort was composed of 934 men
and women with confirmed CHD (mean age, 62±11 years) who
completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS)
during hospitalization for coronary angiography. Over the
3-year follow-up period, there were 133 deaths. Elevated
scores on the HADS anxiety subscale (HADS-A≥8) were
associated with increased risk of mortality after accounting
for established risk factors including age, congestive heart
failure, left ventricular ejection fraction, 3-vessel
disease, and renal disease (hazard ratio [HR], 2.27; 95% CI,
1.55 to 3.33; P<0.001). Elevated scores on the HADS
depression subscale (HADS-D≥8) were also associated with
increased risk of mortality (HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.47 to 3.22;
P<0.001). When both psychosocial factors were included in
the model, each maintained an association with mortality
(anxiety, HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.83; P=0.006;
depression, HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.06 to 2.58; P=0.025).
Estimation of the HR for patients with both anxiety and
depression versus those with neither revealed a larger HR
than for patients with either factor alone (HR, 3.10; 95%
CI, 1.95 to 4.94; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety is
associated with increased risk of mortality in CHD patients,
particularly when comorbid with depression. Future studies
should focus on the co-occurrence of these psychosocial
factors as markers of increased mortality
risk.},
Doi = {10.1161/JAHA.112.000068},
Key = {fds270626}
}
@article{fds270625,
Author = {Kisohara, M and Stein, PK and Yoshida, Y and Suzuki, M and Iizuka, N and Carney, RM and Watkins, LL and Freedland, KE and Blumenthal, JA and Hayano, J},
Title = {Multi-scale heart rate dynamics detected by phase-rectified
signal averaging predicts mortality after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Europace},
Volume = {15},
Number = {3},
Pages = {437-443},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1099-5129},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000316537800027&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {AIMS: Acceleration and deceleration capacity (AC and DC) for
beat-to-beat short-term heart rate dynamics are powerful
predictors of mortality after acute myocardial infarction
(AMI). We examined if AC and DC for minute-order long-term
heart rate dynamics also have independent predictive value.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 24-hr Holter
electrcardiograms in 708 post-AMI patients who were followed
up for up to 30 months thereafter. Acceleration capacity and
DC was calculated with the time scales of T (window size
defining heart rate) and s (wavelet scale) from 1 to 500 s
and compared their prognostic values with conventional
measures (AC(conv) and DC(conv)) that were calculated with
(T,s) = [1,2 (beat)]. During the follow-up, 47 patients
died. Both increased AC(conv) and decreased DC(conv)
predicted mortality (C statistic, 0.792 and 0.797).
Concordantly, sharp peaks of C statistics were observed at
(T,s) = [2,7 (sec)] for both increased AC and decreased DC
(0.762 and 0.768), but there were larger peaks of C
statistics at around [30,60 (sec)] for both (0.783 and
0.796). The C statistic was greater for DC than AC at
(30,60) (P = 0.0012). Deceleration capacity at (30,60) was a
significant predictor even after adjusted for AC(conv) (P =
0.020) and DC(conv) (P = 0.028), but the predictive power of
AC at (30,60) was no longer significant. CONCLUSION: A
decrease in DC for minute-order long-term heart rate
dynamics is a strong predictor for post-AMI mortality and
the predictive power is independent of AC(conv) and DC(conv)
for beat-to-beat short-term heart rate dynamics.},
Doi = {10.1093/europace/eus409},
Key = {fds270625}
}
@article{fds329497,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and O'Connor, C and Keteyian, S and Landzberg, J and Howlett, J and Kraus, W and Gottlieb, S and Blackburn,
G and Swank, A and Whellan, D},
Title = {DEPRESSION AND EXERCISE TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC
HEART FAILURE},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {S86-S86},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds329497}
}
@article{fds329498,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Freedland, K and Carney, R and Schwartz, TA and Hoffman, BM and Koch, G and O'Hayer, VF and Trulock, E and Davis, RD and Palmer, S},
Title = {NEUROBEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONING AND SURVIVAL FOLLOWING LUNG
TRANSPLANTATION},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {S251-S251},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2013},
Month = {March},
Key = {fds329498}
}
@article{fds270628,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Targeting lifestyle change in patients with
depression.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {61},
Number = {6},
Pages = {631-634},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23290546},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.029},
Key = {fds270628}
}
@article{fds270679,
Author = {Smith, P and Tuomisto, MT and Blumenthal, J and Sherwood, A and Parkkinen, L and Kähönen, M and Pörsti, I and Majahalme, S and Turjanmaa, V},
Title = {Psychosocial correlates of atrial natriuretic peptide: a
marker of vascular health.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a Publication of the Society
of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {99-109},
Year = {2013},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22996638},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Psychosocial factors have been associated with
cardiovascular outcomes, but few studies have examined the
association between psychosocial function and natriuretic
peptides. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine
the predictive value of hostility, anger, and social support
in relation to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a marker of
vascular health, among middle-aged men. METHODS: One hundred
twenty-one men (mean age = 39.8 years, SD = 4.1) underwent
assessments of ANP and completed the Cook-Medley Hostility
Scale, the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Scale, and the
Interview Schedule for Social Interaction. RESULTS: Higher
levels of hostility (β = 0.22 [95 % CI 0.04, 0.40], P =
0.032) and trait anger (β = 0.18 [95 % CI 0.01, 0.37], P =
0.044) were associated with greater ANP levels. In contrast,
higher perceived social support was also associated with
lower ANP levels, (β = -0.19 [95 % CI -0.05, -0.41], P =
0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial factors, including
hostility, anger, and social support, are associated with
varying ANP levels among middle-aged men, independent of
cardiovascular and behavioral risk factors.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12160-012-9414-1},
Key = {fds270679}
}
@article{fds270629,
Author = {Fan, L-B and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {The effect of job strain on nighttime blood pressure dipping
among men and women with high blood pressure.},
Journal = {Scand J Work Environ Health},
Volume = {39},
Number = {1},
Pages = {112-119},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22460541},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Blunted nighttime blood pressure dipping is an
established cardiovascular risk factor. This study examined
the effect of job strain on nighttime blood pressure dipping
among men and women with high blood pressure. METHODS: The
sample consisted of 122 blue- and white collar workers
(men=72, women=50). The Job Content Questionnaire was used
to measure job psychological demands, job control, and
social support. The ratio of job demands to job control was
used to assess job strain. Nighttime blood pressure dipping
was evaluated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure
monitoring performed on three workdays. RESULTS: Men with
high job strain had a 5.4 mm Hg higher sleep systolic blood
pressure (P=0.03) and 3.5 mm Hg higher sleep pulse pressure
(P=0.02) compared to men with low job strain. Men with high
job strain had a smaller fall in systolic blood pressure and
pulse pressure from awake to sleep state than those with low
job strain (P<0.05). Hierarchical analyses showed that job
strain was an independent determinant of systolic blood
pressure dipping (P=0.03) among men after adjusting for
ethnicity, body mass index, anxiety and depression symptoms,
current smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Further
exploratory analyses indicated that job control was the
salient component of job strain associated with blood
pressure dipping (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: High job strain is
associated with a blunting of the normal diurnal variation
in blood pressure and pulse pressure, which may contribute
to the relationship between job strain and cardiovascular
disease.},
Doi = {10.5271/sjweh.3294},
Key = {fds270629}
}
@article{fds270725,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Welsh-Bohmer, K and Babyak, MA and Browndyke, J and Lin, P-H and Doraiswamy, PM and Burke, J and Kraus, W and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Can lifestyle modification improve neurocognition? Rationale
and design of the ENLIGHTEN clinical trial.},
Journal = {Contemp Clin Trials},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {60-69},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23000080},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)
not only increase the risk for clinical CVD events, but also
are associated with a cascade of neurophysiologic and
neuroanatomic changes that increase the risk of cognitive
impairment and dementia. Although epidemiological studies
have shown that exercise and diet are associated with lower
CVD risk and reduced incidence of dementia, no randomized
controlled trial (RCT) has examined the independent effects
of exercise and diet on neurocognitive function among
individuals at risk for dementia. The ENLIGHTEN trial is a
RCT of patients with CVD risk factors who also are
characterized by subjective cognitive complaints and
objective evidence of neurocognitive impairment without
dementia (CIND) STUDY DESIGN: A 2 by 2 design will examine
the independent and combined effects of diet and exercise on
neurocognition. 160 participants diagnosed with CIND will be
randomly assigned to 6 months of aerobic exercise, the DASH
diet, or a combination of both exercise and diet; a
(control) group will receive health education but otherwise
will maintain their usual dietary and activity habits.
Participants will complete comprehensive assessments of
neurocognitive functioning along with biomarkers of CVD risk
including measures of blood pressure, glucose, endothelial
function, and arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION: The ENLIGHTEN
trial will (a) evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic
exercise and the DASH diet in improving neurocognitive
functioning in CIND patients with CVD risk factors; (b)
examine possible mechanisms by which exercise and diet
improve neurocognition; and (c) consider potential
moderators of treatment, including subclinical
CVD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cct.2012.09.004},
Key = {fds270725}
}
@article{fds270608,
Author = {Dunbar, SB and Clark, PC and Reilly, CM and Gary, RA and Smith, A and McCarty, F and Higgins, M and Grossniklaus, D and Kaslow, N and Frediani, J and Dashiff, C and Ryan, R},
Title = {A trial of family partnership and education interventions in
heart failure},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Failure},
Volume = {19},
Number = {7},
Pages = {829-841},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1071-9164},
Abstract = {Background: Lowering dietary sodium and adhering to
medication regimens are difficult for persons with heart
failure (HF). Because these behaviors often occur within the
family context, this study evaluated the effects of family
education and partnership interventions on dietary sodium
(Na) intake and medication adherence (MA). Methods and
Results: HF patient and family member (FM) dyads (n = 117)
were randomized to: usual care (UC), patient-FM education
(PFE), or family partnership intervention (FPI). Dietary Na
(3-day food record), urinary Na (24-hour urine), and MA
(Medication Events Monitoring System) were measured at
baseline (BL) before randomization, and at 4 and 8 months.
FPI and PFE reduced urinary Na at 4 months, and FPI differed
from UC at 8 months (P=016). Dietary Na decreased from BL to
4 months, with both PFE (P=04) and FPI (P=.018) lower than
UC. The proportion of subjects adherent to Na intake
(≤2,500 mg/d) was higher at 8 months in PFE and FPI than
in UC (c2 (2)=7.076; P=029).MAdid not differ among groups
across time. Both FPI and PFE groups increased HF knowledge
immediately after intervention. Conclusions: Dietary Na
intake, but not MA, was improved by PFE and FPI compared
with UC. The UC group was less likely to be adherent with
dietary Na. Greater efforts to study and incorporate
family-focused education and support interventions into HF
care are warranted. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Key = {fds270608}
}
@article{fds270610,
Author = {Dunbar, SB and Clark, PC and Reilly, CM and Gary, RA and Smith, A and McCarty, F and Higgins, M and Grossniklaus, D and Kaslow, N and Frediani, J and al, E},
Title = {A trial of family partnership and education interventions in
heart failure},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Failure},
Volume = {19},
Number = {12},
Pages = {829-841},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1071-9164},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2013.10.007},
Abstract = {Background Lowering dietary sodium and adhering to
medication regimens are difficult for persons with heart
failure (HF). Because these behaviors often occur within the
family context, this study evaluated the effects of family
education and partnership interventions on dietary sodium
(Na) intake and medication adherence (MA). Methods and
Results HF patient and family member (FM) dyads (n = 117)
were randomized to: usual care (UC), patient-FM education
(PFE), or family partnership intervention (FPI). Dietary Na
(3-day food record), urinary Na (24-hour urine), and MA
(Medication Events Monitoring System) were measured at
baseline (BL) before randomization, and at 4 and 8 months.
FPI and PFE reduced urinary Na at 4 months, and FPI differed
from UC at 8 months (P =.016). Dietary Na decreased from BL
to 4 months, with both PFE (P =.04) and FPI (P =.018) lower
than UC. The proportion of subjects adherent to Na intake
(≤2,500 mg/d) was higher at 8 months in PFE and FPI than
in UC (χ2(2) = 7.076; P =.029). MA did not differ among
groups across time. Both FPI and PFE groups increased HF
knowledge immediately after intervention. Conclusions
Dietary Na intake, but not MA, was improved by PFE and FPI
compared with UC. The UC group was less likely to be
adherent with dietary Na. Greater efforts to study and
incorporate family-focused education and support
interventions into HF care are warranted. © 2013 Elsevier
Inc. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cardfail.2013.10.007},
Key = {fds270610}
}
@article{fds270613,
Author = {Dunbar, SB and Butts, B and Reilly, CM and Gary, RA and Higgins, MK and Ferranti, EP and Culler, SD and Butler, J},
Title = {A pilot test of an integrated self-care intervention for
persons with heart failure and concomitant
diabetes},
Journal = {Nursing Outlook},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0029-6554},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2013.09.003},
Abstract = {Studies show 30% to 47% of people with heart failure (HF)
have concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM). Self-care for
persons with both of these chronic conditions is
conflicting, complex, and often inadequate. This pilot study
tested an integrated self-care program for its effects on HF
and DM knowledge, self-care efficacy, self-care behaviors,
and quality of life (QOL). Hospitalized HF-DM participants
(N = 71) were randomized to usual care or intervention using
a 1:2 allocation and followed at 30 and 90 days after
intervention. Intervention was an integrated education and
counseling program focused on HF-DM self-care. Variables
included demographic and clinical data, knowledge about HF
and DM, HF- and DM-specific self-efficacy, standard HF and
DM QOL scales, and HF and DM self-care behaviors. Analysis
included descriptive statistics, multilevel longitudinal
models for group and time effects, post hoc testing, and
effect size calculations. Sidak adjustments were used to
control for type 1 error inflation. The integrated HF-DM
self-care intervention conferred effects on improved HF
knowledge (30 days, p = .05), HF self-care maintenance (30
and 90 days, p < .001), HF self-care management
(90 days, p = .05), DM self-efficacy (30 days, p = .03;
90 days, p = .004), general diet (30 days, p = .05), HF
physical QOL (p = .04), and emotional QOL scores (p = .05)
at 90 days within the intervention group. The participants
in the usual care group also reported increased total and
physical QOL. Greater percentages of participants in the
intervention group improved self reported exercise between 0
and 30 days (p = .005 and moderate effect size ES = .47)
and foot care between 0 and 90 days (p = .03, small ES =
.36). No group differences or improvements in DM-specific
QOL were observed. An integrated HF-DM self-care
intervention was effective in improving essential components
of self-care and had sustained (90 day) effects on selected
self-care behaviors. Future studies testing HF-DM integrated
self-care interventions in larger samples with longer
follow-up and on other outcomes such as hospitalization and
clinical markers are warranted. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.outlook.2013.09.003},
Key = {fds270613}
}
@article{fds270619,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Routledge, FS and Blumenthal, JA and Koch, G and Hussey, MA and Wohlgemuth, WK and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Reproducibility of blood pressure dipping: relation to
day-to-day variability in sleep quality.},
Journal = {J Am Soc Hypertens},
Volume = {7},
Number = {6},
Pages = {432-439},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1933-1711},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jash.2013.06.001},
Abstract = {Previous studies of the reproducibility of blood pressure
(BP) dipping have yielded inconsistent results. Few have
examined factors that may influence day-to-day differences
in dipping. Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed on three
occasions, approximately 1 week apart, in 115 untreated
adult subjects with elevated clinic BPs. The
mean ± standard deviation BP dip was 18 ± 7/15 ± 5 mm
Hg (sleep/awake BP ratio = 0.87 ± 0.05/0.82 ± 0.06),
with a median (interquartile range) day-to-day variation of
5.2 (3.1-8.1)/4.3 (2.8-5.6) mm Hg. There was no decrease in
variability with successive measurements. The
reproducibility coefficient (5.6 [95% confidence interval,
5.1-6.1] mm Hg) was greater and the intraclass correlation
coefficient (0.53 [95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.63]) was
smaller for the systolic dip than for 24-hour or awake
systolic BPs, suggesting greater day-to-day variability in
dipping. Variability in systolic dipping was greater in
subjects with higher awake BP, but was not related to age,
gender, race, or body mass index. Within individuals,
day-to-day variations in dipping were related to variations
in the fragmentation index (P < .001), a measure of sleep
quality. Although mean 24-hour and awake BPs were relatively
stable over repeated monitoring days, our study confirms
substantial variability in BP dipping. Day-to-day
differences in dipping are related to sleep
quality.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jash.2013.06.001},
Key = {fds270619}
}
@article{fds270620,
Author = {Doyle, T and Palmer, S and Johnson, J and Babyak, MA and Smith, P and Mabe,
S and Welty-Wolf, K and Martinu, T and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Association of anxiety and depression with
pulmonary-specific symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine},
Volume = {45},
Number = {2},
Pages = {189-202},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {0091-2174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/PM.45.2.g},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of anxiety and
depression with pulmonary-specific symptoms of Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and to determine the
extent to which disease severity and functional capacity
modify this association. METHOD: Patients (N = 162) enrolled
in the INSPIRE-II study, an ongoing randomized, clinical
trial of COPD patients and their caregivers who received
either telephone-based coping skills training or education
and symptom monitoring. Patients completed a psychosocial
test battery including: Brief Fatigue Inventory, St.
George's Respiratory Questionnaire, UCSD Shortness of Breath
Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck
Depression Inventory. Measures of disease severity and
functional capacity (i.e., FEV1 and six-minute walk test)
were also obtained. RESULTS: After covariate adjustment,
higher anxiety and depression levels were associated with
greater fatigue levels (ps < .001, deltaR2 = 0.16 and 0.29,
respectively), shortness of breath (ps < .001, deltaR2 =
0.12 and 0.10), and frequency of COPD symptoms (ps < .001,
deltaR2 = 0.11 and 0.13). In addition, functional capacity
was a moderator of anxiety and pulmonary-specific COPD
symptoms. The association between anxiety and shortness of
breath (p = 0.009) and frequency of COPD symptoms (p = 0.02)
was greater among patients with lower functional capacity.
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and depression were associated with
higher levels of fatigue, shortness of breath, and frequency
of COPD symptoms. It is important for clinicians to be aware
of the presence of anxiety and depression in COPD patients,
which appears to correlate with pulmonary-specific COPD
symptoms, especially in patients with lower functional
capacity. Prospective design studies are needed to elucidate
the causal relationships between anxiety and depression and
pulmonary-specific symptoms in COPD patients.},
Doi = {10.2190/PM.45.2.g},
Key = {fds270620}
}
@article{fds270621,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and O'Connor, C},
Title = {Aerobic exercise reduces depressive symptoms in patients
with chronic heart failure},
Journal = {Evidence Based Mental Health},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {42-},
Year = {2013},
ISSN = {1362-0347},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/eb-2012-101036},
Doi = {10.1136/eb-2012-101036},
Key = {fds270621}
}
@article{fds270686,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Watkins, LL and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Reply},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {60},
Number = {23},
Pages = {2425-2426},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2012},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.09.009},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.09.009},
Key = {fds270686}
}
@article{fds270678,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A and Plourde, A and Pierson,
L and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The influence of endothelial function and myocardial
ischemia on peak oxygen consumption in patients with
coronary artery disease},
Journal = {International Journal of Vascular Medicine},
Volume = {2012},
Pages = {1-6},
Publisher = {Hindawi Limited},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {2090-2824},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/274381},
Abstract = {Impaired endothelial function has been shown to limit
exercise in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and has
been implicated in myocardial ischemia. However, the
association of endothelial function and ischemia on peak
exercise oxygen consumption (VO2) has not been previously
reported. A total of 116 CAD patients underwent standard
exercise stress testing, during which VO2 was measured. On a
separate day, endothelial-dependent and -independent
function were assessed by ultrasound using flow-mediated
arterial vasodilation (FMD) and sublingual glyceryl
trinitrate administration (GTNMD) of the brachial artery.
Patients with exercise-induced myocardial ischemia had lower
FMD than nonischemic patients (3.64 ± 0.57 versus 4.98 ±
0.36, P =. 050), but there was no difference in GTNMD (14.11
± 0.99 versus 15.47 ± 0.63, P =. 249). Analyses revealed
that both FMD (P =. 006) and GTNMD (P =. 019) were related
to peak VO2. However, neither the presence of ischemia (P =.
860) nor the interaction of ischemia with FMD (P =. 382) and
GTNMD (P =. 151) was related to peak VO2. These data suggest
that poor endothelial function, potentially via impaired NO
production and smooth muscle dysfunction, may be an
important determinant of exercise capacity in patients with
CAD, independent of myocardial ischemia. © 2012 Simon L.
Bacon et al.},
Doi = {10.1155/2012/274381},
Key = {fds270678}
}
@article{fds270724,
Author = {Sossai, P and Sponga, B},
Title = {Physical activity to combat depression in chronic heart
failure.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {308},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1738},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.14095},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2012.14095},
Key = {fds270724}
}
@article{fds270684,
Author = {Keteyian, SJ and Leifer, ES and Houston-Miller, N and Kraus, WE and Brawner, CA and O'Connor, CM and Whellan, DJ and Cooper, LS and Fleg,
JL and Kitzman, DW and Cohen-Solal, A and Blumenthal, JA and Rendall,
DS and Piña, IL and HF-ACTION Investigators},
Title = {Relation between volume of exercise and clinical outcomes in
patients with heart failure.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {60},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1899-1905},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23062530},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study determined whether greater volumes of
exercise were associated with greater reductions in clinical
events. BACKGROUND: The HF-ACTION (Heart Failure: A
Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise
Training) trial showed that among patients with heart
failure (HF), regular exercise confers a modest reduction in
the adjusted risk for all-cause mortality or
hospitalization. METHODS: Patients randomized to the
exercise training arm of HF-ACTION who were event-free at 3
months after randomization were included (n = 959). Median
follow-up was 28.2 months. Clinical endpoints were all-cause
mortality or hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality or
HF hospitalization. RESULTS: A reverse J-shaped association
was observed between exercise volume and adjusted clinical
risk. On the basis of Cox regression, exercise volume was
not a significant linear predictor but was a logarithmic
predictor (p = 0.03) for all-cause mortality or
hospitalization. For cardiovascular mortality or HF
hospitalization, exercise volume was a significant (p =
0.001) linear and logarithmic predictor. Moderate exercise
volumes of 3 to <5 metabolic equivalent (MET)-h and 5 to <7
MET-h per week were associated with reductions in subsequent
risk that exceeded 30%. Exercise volume was positively
associated with the change in peak oxygen uptake at 3 months
(r = 0.10; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with chronic
systolic HF, volume of exercise is associated with the risk
for clinical events, with only moderate levels (3 to 7 MET-h
per week) of exercise needed to observe a clinical benefit.
Although further study is warranted to confirm the
relationship between volume of exercise completed and
clinical events, our findings support the use of regular
exercise in the management of these patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.08.958},
Key = {fds270684}
}
@article{fds270723,
Author = {Epstein, DE and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Craighead, L and Caccia,
C and Lin, P-H and Babyak, MA and Johnson, JJ and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Determinants and consequences of adherence to the dietary
approaches to stop hypertension diet in African-American and
white adults with high blood pressure: results from the
ENCORE trial.},
Journal = {Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics},
Volume = {112},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1763-1773},
Year = {2012},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {2212-2672},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23000025},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although the Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet is an accepted nonpharmacologic
treatment for hypertension, little is known about what
patient characteristics affect dietary adherence and what
level of adherence is needed to reduce blood pressure (BP).
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine what factors predict
dietary adherence and the extent to which dietary adherence
is necessary to produce clinically meaningful BP reductions.
DESIGN: Ancillary study of the ENCORE (Exercise and
Nutrition Interventions for Cardiovascular Health) trial--a
16-week randomized clinical trial of diet and exercise.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants included 144 sedentary,
overweight, or obese adults (body mass index 25 to 39.9)
with high BP (systolic 130 to 159 mm Hg and/or diastolic 85
to 99 mm Hg). INTERVENTION: Patients were randomized to one
of three groups: DASH diet alone, DASH diet plus weight
management, and Usual Diet Controls. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:
Our primary outcomes were a composite index of adherence to
the DASH diet and clinic BP. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED:
General linear models were used to compare treatment groups
on post-treatment adherence to the DASH diet. Linear
regression was used to examine potential predictors of
post-treatment DASH adherence. Analysis of covariance was
used to examine the relation of adherence to the DASH diet
and BP. RESULTS: Participants in the DASH diet plus weight
management (16.1 systolic BP [SBP]; 95% CI 13.0 to 19.2 mm
Hg and 9.9 diastolic BP [DBP]; 95% CI 8.1 to 11.6 mm Hg) and
DASH diet alone (11.2 SBP; 95% CI 8.1 to 14.3 mm Hg and 7.5
DBP; 95% CI 5.8 to 9.3 mm Hg) groups showed significant
reductions in BP in comparison with Usual Diet Controls
participants (3.4 SBP; 95% CI 0.4 to 6.4 mm Hg and DBP 3.8;
95% CI 2.2 to 5.5 mm Hg). Greater post-treatment consumption
of DASH foods was noted in both the DASH diet alone (mean =
6.20; 95% CI 5.83 to 6.57) and DASH diet plus weight
management groups (mean = 6.23; 95% CI 5.88 to 6.59)
compared with Usual Diet Controls (mean = 3.66; 95% CI 3.30
to 4.01; P<0.0001), and greater adherence to the DASH diet
was associated with larger reductions in clinic SBP and DBP
(P ≤ 0.01). Only ethnicity predicted dietary adherence,
with African Americans less adherent to the DASH diet
compared with whites (4.68; 95% CI 4.34 to 5.03 vs 5.83; 95%
CI 5.50 to 6.11; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Greater adherence to
the DASH diet was associated with larger BP reductions
independent of weight loss. African Americans were less
likely to be adherent to the DASH dietary eating plan
compared with whites, suggesting that culturally sensitive
dietary strategies might be needed to improve adherence to
the DASH diet.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jand.2012.07.007},
Key = {fds270723}
}
@article{fds270683,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Bower, JK and Routledge, FS and Blumenthal, JA and McFetridge-Durdle, JA and Newby, LK and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Nighttime blood pressure dipping in postmenopausal women
with coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {25},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1077-1082},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22785406},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Blunted nighttime blood pressure (BP)
dipping is prognostic of cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality. This relationship may be stronger among women
than men. The present study hypothesized that coronary
artery disease (CAD) and advancing age would be associated
with reduced BP dipping in postmenopausal women. The effects
of daytime physical activity and nighttime sleep quality on
BP dipping were also examined.<h4>Methods</h4>54
postmenopausal women with CAD (≥50% occlusion of at least
one major coronary vessel) and 48 age-matched (range 50-80
years) postmenopausal women without CAD (non-CAD) underwent
24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and actigraphic evaluations of
daytime physical activity and nighttime sleep
efficiency.<h4>Results</h4>Women with CAD evidenced higher
nighttime systolic BP (SBP) (P = 0.05) and blunted SBP
dipping (P = 0.017), blunted diastolic BP (DBP) dipping (P =
0.047), and blunted pulse pressure dipping (P = 0.01),
compared to non-CAD women. Multivariable regression models
showed that the presence of CAD, age, daytime physical
activity, and nighttime sleep efficiency were independently
related to the magnitude of SBP dipping, together accounting
for 25% of its variability. DBP dipping showed similar
associations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>For postmenopausal women,
the presence of CAD and advancing age are accompanied by
blunted nighttime BP dipping, which may increase the risk of
adverse cardiovascular events. Lifestyle changes that
increase daytime physical activity and improve nighttime
sleep quality may help improve cardiovascular risk by
enhancing nighttime BP dipping.},
Doi = {10.1038/ajh.2012.95},
Key = {fds270683}
}
@article{fds270685,
Author = {Hayano, J and Carney, RM and Watanabe, E and Kawai, K and Kodama, I and Stein, PK and Watkins, LL and Freedland, KE and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Interactive associations of depression and sleep apnea with
adverse clinical outcomes after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {74},
Number = {8},
Pages = {832-839},
Year = {2012},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31826d2c81},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression and sleep apnea (SA) are common among
patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI),
and both are associated with increased risk for adverse
outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that there is an
interaction between them in relation to post-AMI prognosis.
METHODS: Participants were patients with a recent AMI, 337
of them were depressed and 379 were nondepressed, who
participated in a substudy of the Enhancing Recovery in
Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial. SA was
identified from Holter electrocardiogram by an algorithm
that detects cyclic variation of heart rate. RESULTS: During
a median follow-up of 25 months, 83 (11.6%) patients either
died or experienced a recurrent AMI and 43 (6.0%) patients
died. Among 94 patients with both depression and SA, these
end points occurred in 25 (26.6%) and 20 (21.3%) at 3.9- and
6.9-times higher prevalence than predicted probabilities by
ENRICHD clinical risk scores (p <.001 for both). In the
patients with depression alone, SA alone, or neither, the
prevalence was similar to the predicted probability.
Depression and SA showed significant interactions in
prediction of these end points (p = .02 and p = .03). SA
independently predicted these end points in patients with
depression (p = .001 and p <.001) but not in those without
depression (p = .84 and p = .73). Similarly, depression
independently predicted these end points in patients with SA
(p <.001 for both) but not in those without SA (p = .12 and
p = .61). CONCLUSIONS: Depression and SA are interactively
associated with adverse clinical outcomes after AMI. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00313573.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31826d2c81},
Key = {fds270685}
}
@article{fds270722,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Babyak, MA and Watkins, LL and Smith,
PJ and Hoffman, BM and O'Hayer, CVF and Mabe, S and Johnson, J and Doraiswamy, PM and Jiang, W and Schocken, DD and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Exercise and pharmacological treatment of depressive
symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease: results
from the UPBEAT (Understanding the Prognostic Benefits of
Exercise and Antidepressant Therapy) study.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {60},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1053-1063},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22858387},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy
of exercise and antidepressant medication in reducing
depressive symptoms and improving cardiovascular biomarkers
in depressed patients with coronary heart disease.
BACKGROUND: Although there is good evidence that clinical
depression is associated with poor prognosis, optimal
therapeutic strategies are currently not well defined.
METHODS: One hundred one outpatients with coronary heart
disease and elevated depressive symptoms underwent
assessment of depression, including a psychiatric interview
and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Participants
were randomized to 4 months of aerobic exercise (3
times/week), sertraline (50-200 mg/day), or placebo.
Additional assessments of cardiovascular biomarkers included
measures of heart rate variability, endothelial function,
baroreflex sensitivity, inflammation, and platelet function.
RESULTS: After 16 weeks, all groups showed improvement on
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores. Participants in
both the aerobic exercise (mean -7.5; 95% confidence
interval: -9.8 to -5.0) and sertraline (mean -6.1; 95%
confidence interval: -8.4 to -3.9) groups achieved larger
reductions in depressive symptoms compared with those
receiving placebo (mean -4.5; 95% confidence interval: -7.6
to -1.5; p = 0.034); exercise and sertraline were equally
effective at reducing depressive symptoms (p = 0.607).
Exercise and medication tended to result in greater
improvements in heart rate variability compared with placebo
(p = 0.052); exercise tended to result in greater
improvements in heart rate variability compared with
sertraline (p = 0.093). CONCLUSIONS: Both exercise and
sertraline resulted in greater reductions in depressive
symptoms compared to placebo in patients with coronary heart
disease. Evidence that active treatments may also improve
cardiovascular biomarkers suggests that they may have a
beneficial effect on clinical outcomes as well as on quality
of life. (Exercise to Treat Depression in Individuals With
Coronary Heart Disease; NCT00302068).},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.040},
Key = {fds270722}
}
@article{fds270721,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Blumenthal, JA and Carney, RC and O'Hayer, CVF and Freedland, K and Smith, PJ and Babyak, MA and Davis, RD and Mathew, JP and Martinu, T and Palmer, S},
Title = {Changes in neurocognitive functioning following lung
transplantation.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {12},
Number = {9},
Pages = {2519-2525},
Year = {2012},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22548872},
Abstract = {Although neurocognitive impairment is relatively common
among patients with advanced lung disease, little is known
regarding changes in neurocognition following lung
transplantation. We therefore administered 10 tests of
neurocognitive functioning before and 6 months following
lung transplantation and sought to identify predictors of
change. Among the 49 study participants, native diseases
included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 22),
cystic fibrosis (n = 12), nonfibrotic diseases (n = 11) and
other (n = 4). Although composite measures of executive
function and verbal memory scores were generally within
normal limits both before and after lung transplantation,
verbal memory performance was slightly better posttransplant
compared to baseline (p < 0.0001). Executive function scores
improved in younger patients but worsened in older patients
(p = 0.03). A minority subset of patients (29%) exhibited
significant cognitive decline (i.e. >1 standard deviations
on at least 20% of tests) from baseline to posttransplant.
Patients who declined were older (p < 0.004) and tended to
be less educated (p = 0.07). Lung transplantation, like
cardiac revascularization procedures, appears to be
associated with cognitive decline in a subset of older
patients, which could impact daily functioning
posttransplant.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04072.x},
Key = {fds270721}
}
@article{fds270720,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and O'Connor, C and Keteyian, S and Landzberg, J and Howlett, J and Kraus, W and Gottlieb, S and Blackburn,
G and Swank, A and Whellan, DJ},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on depressive symptoms in
patients with chronic heart failure: the HF-ACTION
randomized trial.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {308},
Number = {5},
Pages = {465-474},
Year = {2012},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851113},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Depression is common in patients with cardiac
disease, especially in patients with heart failure, and is
associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes.
Some evidence suggests that aerobic exercise may reduce
depressive symptoms, but to our knowledge the effects of
exercise on depression in patients with heart failure have
not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exercise
training will result in greater improvements in depressive
symptoms compared with usual care among patients with heart
failure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter,
randomized controlled trial involving 2322 stable patients
treated for heart failure at 82 medical clinical centers in
the United States, Canada, and France. Patients who had a
left ventricular ejection fraction of 35% or lower, had New
York Heart Association class I to IV heart failure, and had
completed the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) score
were randomized (1:1) between April 2003 and February 2007.
Depressive scores ranged from 0 to 59; scores of 14 or
higher are considered clinically significant. INTERVENTIONS:
Participants were randomized either to supervised aerobic
exercise (goal of 90 min/wk for months 1-3 followed by home
exercise with a goal of ≥120 min/wk for months 4-12) or to
education and usual guideline-based heart failure care. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURES: Composite of death or hospitalization due
to any cause and scores on the BDI-II at months 3 and 12.
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 30 months, 789
patients (68%) died or were hospitalized in the usual care
group compared with 759 (66%) in the aerobic exercise group
(hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.99; P = .03).
The median BDI-II score at study entry was 8, with 28% of
the sample having BDI-II scores of 14 or higher. Compared
with usual care, aerobic exercise resulted in lower mean
BDI-II scores at 3 months (aerobic exercise, 8.95; 95% CI,
8.61 to 9.29 vs usual care, 9.70; 95% CI, 9.34 to 10.06;
difference, -0.76; 95% CI,-1.22 to -0.29; P = .002) and at
12 months (aerobic exercise, 8.86; 95% CI, 8.67 to 9.24 vs
usual care, 9.54; 95% CI, 9.15 to 9.92; difference, -0.68;
95% CI, -1.20 to -0.16; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with
guideline-based usual care, exercise training resulted in a
modest reduction in depressive symptoms, although the
clinical significance of this improvement is unknown. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00047437.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2012.8720},
Key = {fds270720}
}
@article{fds270682,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ and Hoffman, BM},
Title = {Is Exercise a Viable Treatment for Depression?},
Journal = {Acsm'S Health & Fitness Journal},
Volume = {16},
Number = {4},
Pages = {14-21},
Year = {2012},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1091-5397},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.FIT.0000416000.09526.eb},
Abstract = {Depression is a common disorder that is associated with
compromised quality of life, increased health care costs,
and greater risk for a variety of medical conditions,
particularly coronary heart disease. This review examines
methods for assessing depression and discusses current
treatment approaches. Traditional treatments include
psychotherapy and antidepressant medications, but such
treatments are not effective for all patients and
alternative approaches have recently received increased
attention, especially the use of aerobic exercise. This
review examines evidence that exercise is effective in
improving depressive symptoms among patients with major
depression and offers practical suggestions for helping
patients initiate and maintain exercise in their daily
lives.},
Doi = {10.1249/01.FIT.0000416000.09526.eb},
Key = {fds270682}
}
@article{fds270689,
Author = {Belsky, DW and Moffitt, TE and Houts, R and Bennett, GG and Biddle, AK and Blumenthal, JA and Evans, JP and Harrington, H and Sugden, K and Williams, B and Poulton, R and Caspi, A},
Title = {Polygenic risk, rapid childhood growth, and the development
of obesity: evidence from a 4-decade longitudinal
study.},
Journal = {Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med},
Volume = {166},
Number = {6},
Pages = {515-521},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22665028},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To test how genomic loci identified in
genome-wide association studies influence the development of
obesity. DESIGN: A 38-year prospective longitudinal study of
a representative birth cohort. SETTING: The Dunedin
Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, Dunedin, New
Zealand. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand thirty-seven male and
female study members. MAIN EXPOSURES: We assessed genetic
risk with a multilocus genetic risk score. The genetic risk
score was composed of single-nucleotide polymorphisms
identified in genome-wide association studies of
obesity-related phenotypes. We assessed family history from
parent body mass index data collected when study members
were 11 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass index
growth curves, developmental phenotypes of obesity, and
adult obesity outcomes were defined from anthropometric
assessments at birth and at 12 subsequent in-person
interviews through 38 years of age. RESULTS: Individuals
with higher genetic risk scores were more likely to be
chronically obese in adulthood. Genetic risk first
manifested as rapid growth during early childhood. Genetic
risk was unrelated to birth weight. After birth, children at
higher genetic risk gained weight more rapidly and reached
adiposity rebound earlier and at a higher body mass index.
In turn, these developmental phenotypes predicted adult
obesity, mediating about half the genetic effect on adult
obesity risk. Genetic associations with growth and obesity
risk were independent of family history, indicating that the
genetic risk score could provide novel information to
clinicians. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic variation linked with
obesity risk operates, in part, through accelerating growth
in the early childhood years after birth. Etiological
research and prevention strategies should target early
childhood to address the obesity epidemic.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.131},
Key = {fds270689}
}
@article{fds270719,
Author = {Somers, TJ and Blumenthal, JA and Guilak, F and Kraus, VB and Schmitt,
DO and Babyak, MA and Craighead, LW and Caldwell, DS and Rice, JR and McKee, DC and Shelby, RA and Campbell, LC and Pells, JJ and Sims, EL and Queen, R and Carson, JW and Connelly, M and Dixon, KE and LaCaille, LJ and Huebner, JL and Rejeski, JW and Keefe, FJ},
Title = {Pain coping skills training and lifestyle behavioral weight
management in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a
randomized controlled study.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {153},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1199-1209},
Year = {2012},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22503223},
Abstract = {Overweight and obese patients with osteoarthritis (OA)
experience more OA pain and disability than patients who are
not overweight. This study examined the long-term efficacy
of a combined pain coping skills training (PCST) and
lifestyle behavioral weight management (BWM) intervention in
overweight and obese OA patients. Patients (n=232) were
randomized to a 6-month program of: 1) PCST+BWM; 2)
PCST-only; 3) BWM-only; or 4) standard care control.
Assessments of pain, physical disability (Arthritis Impact
Measurement Scales [AIMS] physical disability, stiffness,
activity, and gait), psychological disability (AIMS
psychological disability, pain catastrophizing, arthritis
self-efficacy, weight self-efficacy), and body weight were
collected at 4 time points (pretreatment, posttreatment, and
6 months and 12 months after the completion of treatment).
Patients randomized to PCST+BWM demonstrated significantly
better treatment outcomes (average of all 3 posttreatment
values) in terms of pain, physical disability, stiffness,
activity, weight self-efficacy, and weight when compared to
the other 3 conditions (Ps<0.05). PCST+BWM also did
significantly better than at least one of the other
conditions (ie, PCST-only, BWM-only, or standard care) in
terms of psychological disability, pain catastrophizing, and
arthritis self-efficacy. Interventions teaching overweight
and obese OA patients pain coping skills and weight
management simultaneously may provide the more comprehensive
long-term benefits.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pain.2012.02.023},
Key = {fds270719}
}
@article{fds270680,
Author = {Routledge, FS and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Sex differences in the endothelial function of untreated
hypertension.},
Journal = {J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {228-235},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22458744},
Abstract = {Vascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with
increased risk for adverse cardiovascular (CV) events.
However, less is known about sex differences in the
endothelial function of untreated hypertensive individuals.
The purpose of this study was to assess endothelial function
in women and men with untreated hypertension. Ninety
participants (35 women, 55 men), aged 40 to 60 years (mean
age, 46.1±8.2 years), with untreated stage 1 hypertension
(systolic blood pressure 140-159 mm Hg and/or diastolic
blood pressure 90-99 mm Hg) underwent brachial artery
endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation and
endothelial-independent glyceryl trinitrate dilation. Women
had a smaller flow-mediated dilation response than men
(adjusted mean±standard error of the mean [SEM]; 1.8±0.6%
vs 3.9±0.4%, P=.036), adjusting for baseline arterial
diameter (P=.004), age (P=.596), ethnicity (P=.496), log
shear stress ratio (P<.001), body mass index (P=.009),
24-hour diastolic blood pressure (P=.169), high-density
lipoprotein (P=.225), log creatinine (P=.927), and log
physical activity (P=.682). Glyceryl trinitrate dilation did
not differ by sex in adjusted models. Women between the ages
of 40 and 60 years with untreated stage 1 hypertension
exhibited a greater impairment of endothelial function
compared with their male counterparts. These findings raise
the possibility that female sex may impart a greater risk of
CV events in patients with untreated stage 1 hypertension
potentially due to poorer endothelial function.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00593.x},
Key = {fds270680}
}
@article{fds316058,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {EXERCISE AS A TREATMENT FOR DEPRESSION: EVIDENCE FROM
RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIALS},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S168-S168},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000302092400650&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316058}
}
@article{fds316064,
Author = {Freedland, KE and Blumenthal, JA and Lavie, CJ and Milani, RV and Carney, RM and Sheps, DS},
Title = {THE ROLE OF EXERCISE IN THE SECONDARY PREVENTION OF
DEPRESSION AND HEART DISEASE},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S167-S167},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2012},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000302092400649&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316064}
}
@article{fds270584,
Author = {Rosenberg, EL and Ekman, P and Jiang, W and Babyak, M and Coleman, RE and Hanson, M and O'Connor, C and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Linkages Between Facial Expressions of Anger and Transient
Myocardial Ischemia in Men with Coronary Artery
Disease},
Pages = {567-580},
Publisher = {Oxford University Press},
Year = {2012},
Month = {March},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179644.003.0028},
Abstract = {This chapter examines linkages between spontaneous facial
expressions of emotion and ischemia and examines the
relative contributions of hostility and anger to a coronary
heart disease-relevant outcome. The dynamic linkages between
facial expressions of anger and a clinically significant
measure of coronary dysfunction are shown. The results
contribute to the understanding of the differential
influences of hostility and anger on coronary heart disease
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179644.003.0028},
Key = {fds270584}
}
@article{fds270681,
Author = {Ingle, KK and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Should stress management be incorporated into cardiac
rehabilitation?},
Journal = {Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {135-137},
Year = {2012},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1477-9072},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erc.11.195},
Doi = {10.1586/erc.11.195},
Key = {fds270681}
}
@article{fds270718,
Author = {Goetzinger, AM and Blumenthal, JA and O'Hayer, CV and Babyak, MA and Hoffman, BM and Ong, L and Davis, RD and Smith, SR and Rogers, JG and Milano, CA and Smith, AD and Kuo, PC and Palmer, SM},
Title = {Stress and coping in caregivers of patients awaiting solid
organ transplantation.},
Journal = {Clin Transplant},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {97-104},
Year = {2012},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21395692},
Abstract = {Caregivers for patients undergoing solid organ
transplantation play an essential role in the process of
transplantation. However, little is known about stress and
coping among these caregivers. Six hundred and twenty-one
primary caregivers of potential candidates for lung (n =
317), liver (n = 147), heart (n = 115), and/or kidney (n =
42) transplantation completed a psychometric test battery at
the time of the candidate's initial pre-transplant
psychosocial evaluation. Caregivers were generally well
adjusted, with only 17% exhibiting clinical symptoms of
depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II score >13) and 13%
reporting clinical levels of anxiety (State Trait Anxiety
Inventory score >48). Greater caregiver burden and negative
coping styles were associated with higher levels of
depression. Greater objective burden and avoidant coping
were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Caregivers
evidenced a high degree of socially desirable (i.e.,
defensive) responding, which may reflect a deliberate effort
to minimize fears or worries so as to not jeopardize
patients' listing status.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1399-0012.2011.01431.x},
Key = {fds270718}
}
@article{fds270677,
Author = {Prather, AA and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Ethnic differences in the effects of the DASH diet on
nocturnal blood pressure dipping in individuals with high
blood pressure.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {24},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1338-1344},
Year = {2011},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21866183},
Abstract = {<h4>Background</h4>Ethnic differences in nocturnal blood
pressure (BP) dipping may contribute to the increased risk
for adverse cardiovascular events noted in African Americans
(AAs). The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
diet has been shown to be efficacious in lowering clinic and
ambulatory BP; however, the effect of the DASH diet on BP
dipping is unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>One hundred and eighteen
men and women with high clinic BP (systolic BP (SBP)
130-159; diastolic BP 85-99) and above ideal body weight
were randomized to a DASH diet intervention or to a usual
diet control (UC) condition. Measures of 24-h ambulatory BP
were obtained at baseline and at the end of the 4-month
intervention period.<h4>Results</h4>At baseline, AAs (n =
43) displayed blunted nocturnal SBP dipping compared to
Caucasians (CAs; n = 75) and were more likely to be
categorized as nondippers (<10% nocturnal decline in SBP,
AAs: 51% vs. CAs: 27%). AAs randomized to the DASH diet
intervention showed a significant improvement in SBP dipping
postintervention compared to AAs in the UC condition (P =
0.04), whereas there was no appreciable change in SBP
dipping in CAs (P = 0.72). Following the intervention,
ethnic differences in SBP dipping were no longer
statistically significant (nondipper status: AAs: 44% vs.
CAs: 32%; P = 0.19).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our study provides
preliminary evidence suggesting that in overweight men and
women with high BP, AAs may be especially likely to benefit
from augmented SBP dipping associated with consumption of
the DASH diet.},
Doi = {10.1038/ajh.2011.152},
Key = {fds270677}
}
@article{fds270675,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {[Psychiatric and behavioral aspects of cardiovascular
disease: epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment].},
Journal = {Revista Espanola De Cardiologia},
Volume = {64},
Number = {10},
Pages = {924-933},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0300-8932},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21889253},
Abstract = {Psychosocial and behavioral factors, including mood
(depression, anxiety, anger, and stress), personality (Type
A, Type D, and hostility), and social support, are
associated with both the development and progression of
cardiovascular disease. "Negative" emotions have been
associated with increased rates of cardiovascular death and
recurrent cardiac events, although the mechanisms
responsible for this association remain unclear. A number of
pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain
these relationships, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis dysregulation, platelet activation, and inflammation.
Behavioral factors also have been implicated, such as
nonadherence to prescribed medical therapies and physical
inactivity. Several randomized trials of patients with
cardiovascular disease have examined the impact of
pharmacologic and behavioral treatments on hard
cardiovascular disease events as well as on cardiovascular
disease biomarkers of risk. Although psychological
treatments generally have been shown to improve quality of
life and psychological functioning among cardiac patients,
the benefit of psychological interventions with respect to
improving clinical outcomes has not been conclusively
demonstrated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.recesp.2011.06.003},
Key = {fds270675}
}
@article{fds329499,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Psychiatric and behavioral aspects of cardiovascular
disease: epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment.},
Journal = {Revista Espanola De Cardiologia (English
Ed.)},
Volume = {64},
Number = {10},
Pages = {924-933},
Year = {2011},
Month = {October},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2011.06.003},
Abstract = {Psychosocial and behavioral factors, including mood
(depression, anxiety, anger, and stress), personality (Type
A, Type D, and hostility), and social support, are
associated with both the development and progression of
cardiovascular disease. "Negative" emotions have been
associated with increased rates of cardiovascular death and
recurrent cardiac events, although the mechanisms
responsible for this association remain unclear. A number of
pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain
these relationships, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis dysregulation, platelet activation, and inflammation.
Behavioral factors also have been implicated, such as
nonadherence to prescribed medical therapies and physical
inactivity. Several randomized trials of patients with
cardiovascular disease have examined the impact of
pharmacologic and behavioral treatments on hard
cardiovascular disease events as well as on cardiovascular
disease biomarkers of risk. Although psychological
treatments generally have been shown to improve quality of
life and psychological functioning among cardiac patients,
the benefit of psychological interventions with respect to
improving clinical outcomes has not been conclusively
demonstrated.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.rec.2011.06.003},
Key = {fds329499}
}
@article{fds270676,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Routledge, FS and Wohlgemuth, WK and Hinderliter, AL and Kuhn, CM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Blood pressure dipping: ethnicity, sleep quality, and
sympathetic nervous system activity.},
Journal = {Am J Hypertens},
Volume = {24},
Number = {9},
Pages = {982-988},
Year = {2011},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21633397},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Blunted blood pressure (BP) dipping is an
established predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Although blunted BP dipping is more common in African
Americans than whites, the factors contributing to this
ethnic difference are not well understood. This study
examined the relationships of BP dipping to ethnicity, body
mass index (BMI), sleep quality, and fall in sympathetic
nervous system (SNS) activity during the sleep-period.
METHODS: On three occasions, 128 participants with untreated
high clinic BP (130-159/85-99 mm Hg) underwent assessments
of 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP), sleep quality, (evaluated by
sleep interview, self-report, actigraphy) and sleep-period
fall in sympathetic activity (measured by waking/sleep
urinary catecholamine excretion). RESULTS: Compared to
whites (n = 72), African Americans (n = 56) exhibited higher
sleep-period systolic (SBP) (P = 0.01) and diastolic BP
(DBP) (P < 0.001), blunted SBP dipping (P = 0.01), greater
BMI (P = 0.049), and poorer sleep quality (P = 0.02). SBP
dipping was correlated with BMI (r = -0.32, P < 0.001),
sleep quality (r = 0.30, P < 0.001), and sleep-period fall
in sympathetic activity (r = 0.30, P < 0.001). Multiple
regression analyses indicated that these three factors were
independent determinants of sleep-period SBP dipping; ethnic
differences in dipping were attenuated when controlling for
these factors. CONCLUSIONS: Blunted BP dipping was related
to higher BMI, poorer sleep quality, and a lesser decline in
sleep-period SNS activity. Although African-American
ethnicity also was associated with blunted dipping compared
to whites in unadjusted analyses, this ethnic difference was
diminished when BMI, sleep quality, and sympathetic activity
were taken into account.},
Doi = {10.1038/ajh.2011.87},
Key = {fds270676}
}
@article{fds270736,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {New frontiers in cardiovascular behavioral medicine:
comparative effectiveness of exercise and medication in
treating depression.},
Journal = {Cleve Clin J Med},
Volume = {78 Suppl 1},
Number = {0 1},
Pages = {S35-S43},
Year = {2011},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972328},
Abstract = {Exercise, considered a mainstay of cardiac rehabilitation,
has been shown to reduce cardiac risk factors such as
hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Growing evidence also
suggests that exercise has beneficial effects on mental
health, which is relevant for cardiac patients because of
the prognostic significance of depression in patients with
coronary heart disease (CHD). Depression has been associated
with increased mortality and nonfatal cardiac events in
patients with CHD; it is also associated with worse outcomes
in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery
and those who have heart failure. The standard therapy for
depression is pharmacologic treatment, often with
second-generation antidepressants such as selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Despite their widespread use,
antidepressants have only modest effects on depression for
many patients compared with placebo controls. Exercise
therapy, already an established component of cardiac
rehabilitation, has potential efficacy as a treatment for
depression in cardiac disease patients. Randomized
controlled trials are needed to determine the clinical
effects of exercise in this population and to compare the
effects of exercise with those of antidepressants.},
Doi = {10.3949/ccjm.78.s1.06},
Key = {fds270736}
}
@article{fds270674,
Author = {Park, SB and Blumenthal, JA and Lee, SY and Georgiades,
A},
Title = {Association of cortisol and the metabolic syndrome in Korean
men and women.},
Journal = {J Korean Med Sci},
Volume = {26},
Number = {7},
Pages = {914-918},
Year = {2011},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21738345},
Abstract = {Obesity and the metabolic syndrome are closely related and
have become increasingly prevalent in Korea. The
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors comprising the
metabolic syndrome have previously been associated with
increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA)
activity, but the associations have not been extensively
examined in non-Caucasian populations. The aim of the
present study was to investigate the relationships between
cortisol, adiposity and the metabolic syndrome in a Korean
population. A total of 1,881 adults participated in the
study between January 2001 and February 2008.
Sociodemographic data were assessed by questionnaires. Body
composition, clinic blood pressures as well as metabolic
variables including glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were
assessed and analyzed in relation to cortisol levels. Mean
age of the participants was 58.7 ± 10.8 yr. Higher levels
of cortisol was associated with elevated blood pressure,
fasting glucose and total cholesterol in men, and between
cortisol and systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and
total cholesterol in women. There was an increased risk for
the metabolic syndrome associated with higher cortisol
levels in both men (P < 0.001) and women (P = 0.040)
adjusting for age and body mass index. Higher cortisol
levels are associated with several CVD risk factors and the
metabolic syndrome, independent of overall of adiposity
level, in Korean men and women.},
Doi = {10.3346/jkms.2011.26.7.914},
Key = {fds270674}
}
@article{fds270717,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Association of vascular health and neurocognitive
performance in overweight adults with high blood
pressure.},
Journal = {J Clin Exp Neuropsychol},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {559-566},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21229433},
Abstract = {The relationship between vascular health--including
flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and intima medial thickness
(IMT)--and neurocognitive performance was examined in a
sample of 124 sedentary, middle-aged adults with high blood
pressure (systolic blood pressure, SBP, 130-159 mmHg or
diastolic blood pressure, DBP, 85-99 mmHg) who were
overweight or obese (body mass index 25.0-39.99 kg/m²).
Patients completed a neuropsychological test battery,
including measures of executive function and psychomotor
speed, and measures of IMT and FMD were obtained.
Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to
investigate the association between vascular measures and
neurocognitive performance after controlling for demographic
factors and cerebrovascular risk factors. Higher levels of
FMD predicted better executive function (b = 0.90, p =
.045). Greater IMT tended to be associated with slower
psychomotor speed (b = -0.82, p = .084), with the effect
attenuated after controlling for FMD. Impaired FMD is
associated with worse neurocognitive functioning among
overweight adults with high blood pressure.},
Doi = {10.1080/13803395.2010.537648},
Key = {fds270717}
}
@article{fds270726,
Author = {Swaminathan, M and Nicoara, A and Phillips-Bute, BG and Aeschlimann,
N and Milano, CA and Mackensen, GB and Podgoreanu, MV and Velazquez, EJ and Stafford-Smith, M and Mathew, JP and Cardiothoracic Anesthesia
Research Endeavors (CARE) Group},
Title = {Utility of a simple algorithm to grade diastolic dysfunction
and predict outcome after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {91},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1844-1850},
Year = {2011},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21492828},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Inclusion of a measure of left ventricular
diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) may improve risk prediction
after cardiac surgery. Current LVDD grading guidelines rely
on echocardiographic variables that are not always available
or aligned to allow grading. We hypothesized that a
simplified algorithm involving fewer variables would enable
more patients to be assigned a LVDD grade compared with a
comprehensive algorithm, and also be valid in identifying
patients at risk of long-term major adverse cardiac events
(MACE). METHODS: Intraoperative transesophageal
echocardiography data were gathered on 905 patients
undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, including
flow and tissue Doppler-based measurements. Two algorithms
were constructed to categorize LVDD: a comprehensive
four-variable algorithm, A, was compared with a simplified
version, B, with only two variables-transmitral early flow
velocity and early mitral annular tissue velocity-for ease
of grading and association with MACE. RESULTS: Using
algorithm A, only 563 patients (62%) could be graded,
whereas 895 patients (99%) received a grade with algorithm
B. Over the median follow-up period of 1,468 days, Cox
modeling showed that LVDD was significantly associated with
MACE when graded with algorithm B (p=0.013), but not
algorithm A (p=0.79). Patients with the highest incidence of
MACE could not be graded with algorithm A. CONCLUSIONS: We
found that an LVDD algorithm with fewer variables enabled
grading of a significantly greater number of coronary artery
bypass graft patients, and was valid, as evidenced by
worsening grades being associated with MACE. This simplified
algorithm could be extended to similar populations as a
valid method of characterizing LVDD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.008},
Key = {fds270726}
}
@article{fds270688,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Shelby, RA and Somers, TJ and Varia, I and Blazing, M and Waters, SJ and McKee, D and Silva, S and She, L and Blumenthal, JA and O'Connor, J and Knowles, V and Johnson, P and Bradley,
L},
Title = {Effects of coping skills training and sertraline in patients
with non-cardiac chest pain: a randomized controlled
study.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {152},
Number = {4},
Pages = {730-741},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21324590},
Abstract = {Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) is a common and distressing
condition. Prior studies suggest that psychotropic
medication or pain coping skills training (CST) may benefit
NCCP patients. To our knowledge, no clinical trials have
examined the separate and combined effects of CST and
psychotropic medication in the management of NCCP. This
randomized clinical trial examined the separate and combined
effects of CST and antidepressant medication (sertraline) in
participants with non-cardiac chest pain. A sample of
individuals diagnosed with NCCP was randomly assigned to one
of four treatments: (1) CST plus sertraline
(CST+sertraline), (2) CST plus placebo (CST+placebo), (3)
sertraline alone, or (4) placebo alone. Assessments of pain
intensity, pain unpleasantness, anxiety, pain
catastrophizing, depression, and physical disability were
collected prior to treatment, and at 10- and 34-weeks
following randomization. Data analyses revealed that CST and
sertraline either alone or in combination significantly
reduced pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. The
combination of CST plus sertraline may have the greatest
promise in that, when compared to placebo alone, it not only
significantly reduced pain but also pain catastrophizing and
anxiety. Overall, these findings support the importance of
further research on the effects of CST and sertraline for
non-cardiac chest pain.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pain.2010.08.040},
Key = {fds270688}
}
@article{fds316060,
Author = {Stoney, CM and Blumenthal, JA and Spring, B and Johnston, DW and Bonds,
D},
Title = {COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH IN CARDIOVASCULAR
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {41},
Pages = {S131-S131},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2011},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000289297701002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316060}
}
@article{fds270716,
Author = {Sherwood, A and O'Connor, CM and Routledge, FS and Hinderliter, AL and Watkins, LL and Babyak, MA and Koch, GG and Adams, KF and Dupree, CS and Chang, PP and Hoffman, BM and Johnson, J and Bowers, M and Johnson, KS and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Coping effectively with heart failure (COPE-HF): design and
rationale of a telephone-based coping skills
intervention.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Failure},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {201-207},
Year = {2011},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21362527},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coping Effectively with Heart Failure (COPE-HF)
is an ongoing randomized clinical trial funded by the
National Institutes of Health to evaluate if a coping skills
training (CST) intervention will result in improved health
status and quality of life as well as reduced mortality and
hospitalizations compared with a heart failure education
(HFE) intervention. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred heart
failure (HF) patients recruited from the Duke University
Medical Center and the University of North Carolina Hospital
system will be randomized to a CST intervention (16 weekly
30-minute telephone counseling sessions including
motivational interviewing and individually tailored
cognitive behavioral therapy) or to an HFE intervention (16
weekly 30-minute telephone sessions including education and
symptom monitoring). Primary outcomes will include
postintervention effects on HF biomarkers (B-type
natriuretic peptide, ejection fraction) and quality of life,
as well as long-term clinical outcomes (hospitalizations and
death). Secondary analyses will include an evaluation of
treatment effects across subpopulations, and potential
mechanisms by which CST may improve clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: COPE-HF is a proof-of-concept study that should
provide important insights into the health benefits of a CST
intervention designed to enhance HF self-management, improve
health behaviors, and reduce psychologic
distress.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.cardfail.2010.11.001},
Key = {fds270716}
}
@article{fds270714,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {The DASH diet and insulin sensitivity.},
Journal = {Curr Hypertens Rep},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {67-73},
Year = {2011},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21058045},
Abstract = {Lifestyle modifications, including adoption of the Dietary
Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern,
weight loss in individuals who are overweight or obese, and
physical activity, are effective in the prevention and
treatment of hypertension. A healthy lifestyle may also have
beneficial effects on metabolic abnormalities, such as
insulin resistance, that are associated with high blood
pressure. This review examines the independent and combined
effects of the DASH diet and weight loss plus exercise on
blood pressure and insulin sensitivity, with a focus on
recently published results from the ENCORE study. Our data
suggest that the DASH eating plan alone lowers blood
pressure in overweight individuals with higher than optimal
blood pressure, but significant improvements in insulin
sensitivity are observed only when the DASH diet is
implemented as part of a more comprehensive lifestyle
modification program that includes exercise and weight
loss.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11906-010-0168-5},
Key = {fds270714}
}
@article{fds270671,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, AL and Koch, GG and Adams, KF and Dupree, CS and Bensimhon, DR and Johnson, KS and Trivedi,
R and Bowers, M and Christenson, RH and O'Connor,
CM},
Title = {Worsening depressive symptoms are associated with adverse
clinical outcomes in patients with heart
failure.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-423},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21251581},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the
impact of changes in symptoms of depression over a 1-year
period on subsequent clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF)
patients. BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence shows that clinical
depression, which is prevalent among patients with HF, is
associated with a poor prognosis. However, it is uncertain
how changes in depression symptoms over time may relate to
clinical outcomes. METHODS: One-hundred forty-seven HF
outpatients with ejection fraction of less than 40% were
assessed for depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) at baseline and again 1 year later. Cox
proportional hazards regression analyses, controlling for
established risk factors, were used to evaluate how changes
in depressive symptoms were related to a combined primary
end point of death or cardiovascular hospitalization over a
median follow-up period of 5 years (with a range of 4 to 7
years and no losses to follow-up). RESULTS: The 1-year
change in symptoms of depression, as indicated by higher BDI
scores over a 1-year interval (1-point BDI change hazard
ratio [HR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to
1.12, p = 0.007), was associated with death or
cardiovascular hospitalization after controlling for
baseline depression (baseline BDI HR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.06 to
1.14, p < 0.001) and established risk factors, including HF
cause, age, ejection fraction, plasma N-terminal pro-B-type
natriuretic peptide level, and prior hospitalizations.
CONCLUSIONS: Worsening symptoms of depression are associated
with a poorer prognosis in HF patients. Routine assessment
of symptoms of depression in HF patients may help to guide
appropriate medical management of these patients who are at
increased risk for adverse clinical outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.031},
Key = {fds270671}
}
@article{fds270670,
Author = {Wang, JT and Hoffman, B and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Management of depression in patients with coronary heart
disease: association, mechanisms, and treatment implications
for depressed cardiac patients.},
Journal = {Expert Opin Pharmacother},
Volume = {12},
Number = {1},
Pages = {85-98},
Year = {2011},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20715885},
Abstract = {IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Coronary heart disease (CHD) and
depression are two leading causes of death and disability in
the United States and worldwide. Depression is especially
common in cardiac patients, and there is growing evidence
that depression is a risk factor for fatal and nonfatal
events in CHD patients. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This
paper reviews current literature of depression as a risk
factor for CHD along with pharmacologic and
non-pharmacologic treatments for depression in cardiac
patients. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: Readers will gain
knowledge about the importance of depression as a CHD risk
factor and learn the results of efforts to treat depressed
CHD patients. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Although randomized
clinical trials (RCTs) of medication and non-pharmacologic
therapies have not demonstrated that treating depression
improves survival, there is evidence that treating depressed
patients can reduce depressive symptoms and improve quality
of life. Additional RCTs are needed, including evaluation of
non-pharmacologic therapies such as exercise, to examine the
effects of treatment of depression on medical and
psychosocial outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1517/14656566.2010.513701},
Key = {fds270670}
}
@article{fds270672,
Author = {Hayano, J and Kiyono, K and Struzik, ZR and Yamamoto, Y and Watanabe, E and Stein, PK and Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Carney,
RM},
Title = {Increased non-gaussianity of heart rate variability predicts
cardiac mortality after an acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Frontiers in Physiology},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {65},
Year = {2011},
ISSN = {1664-042X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2011.00065},
Abstract = {Non-Gaussianity index (λ) is a new index of heart rate
variability (HRV) that characterizes increased probability
of the large heart rate deviations from its trend. A
previous study has reported that increased λ is an
independent mortality predictor among patients with chronic
heart failure. The present study examined predictive value
of λ in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Among 670 post-AMI patients, we performed 24-h Holter
monitoring to assess λ and other HRV predictors, including
SD of normal-to-normal interval, very-low frequency power,
scaling exponent α(1) of detrended fluctuation analysis,
deceleration capacity, and heart rate turbulence (HRT). At
baseline, λ was not correlated substantially with other HRV
indices (|r| < 0.4 with either indices) and was
decreased in patients taking β-blockers (P = 0.04).
During a median follow-up period of 25 months, 45 (6.7%)
patients died (32 cardiac and 13 non-cardiac) and 39
recurrent non-fatal AMI occurred among survivors. While all
of these HRV indices but λ were significant predictors of
both cardiac and non-cardiac deaths, increased λ predicted
exclusively cardiac death (RR [95% CI], 1.6 [1.3-2.0] per 1
SD increment, P < 0.0001). The predictive power of
increased λ was significant even after adjustments for
clinical risk factors, such as age, diabetes, left
ventricular function, renal function, prior AMI, heart
failure, and stroke, Killip class, and treatment ([95% CI],
1.4 [1.1-2.0] per 1 SD increment, P = 0.01). The
prognostic power of increased λfor cardiac death was also
independent of all other HRV indices and the combination of
increased λ and abnormal HRT provided the best predictive
model for cardiac death. Neither λ nor other HRV indices
was an independent predictor of AMI recurrence. Among
post-AMI patients, increased λ is associated exclusively
with increased cardiac mortality risk and its predictive
power is independent of clinical risk factors and of other
HRV predictors.},
Doi = {10.3389/fphys.2011.00065},
Key = {fds270672}
}
@article{fds270673,
Author = {Thurston, RC and Sherwood, A and Matthews, KA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Household responsibilities, income, and ambulatory blood
pressure among working men and women.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {200-205},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21217097},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a greater perceived
responsibility for household tasks and a greater number of
hours spent doing these tasks would be associated with
elevated ambulatory systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood
pressure (DBP). The connection between job characteristics
and cardiovascular outcomes has been widely studied.
However, less is known about links between household work
characteristics and cardiovascular health. METHODS: A total
of 113 employed unmedicated hypertensive men and women
underwent 1 day of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP)
monitoring. Participants provided information on 1) the
number of hours spent doing; and 2) their degree of
responsibility for seven household tasks (child care; pet
care; caring for ill/elderly; household chores; house/car
repair; yard work; finances). Associations between task
hours and responsibility ratings in relation to SBP and DBP
were estimated, using generalized estimating equations, with
covariates age, race, gender, body mass index, location, and
posture. Interactions with gender and socioeconomic position
were assessed. RESULTS: A greater perceived responsibility
for household tasks, but not the hours spent doing these
tasks, was associated with higher ambulatory SBP (b (95%
confidence interval [CI]), 0.93 (0.29-1.56), p = .004) and
DBP (b (95% CI), 0.30 (0.10-0.51), p = .003). Significant
interactions with income indicated that associations between
household responsibilities and ABP were most pronounced
among low income participants (SBP: b (95% CI), 1.40
(0.58-2.21), p < .001; DBP: b (95% CI), 0.48 (0.18-0.78), p
< .01). The task associated most strongly with BP was
household chores. No interactions with gender were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Greater perceived responsibility for household
tasks was associated with elevated ABP, particularly for
lower income participants. Household obligations may have
important implications for cardiovascular health, meriting
further empirical attention.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182080e1a},
Key = {fds270673}
}
@article{fds270715,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Babyak, MA and Craighead, WE and Sherwood, A and Doraiswamy, PM and Coons, MJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise and pharmacotherapy in patients with major
depression: one-year follow-up of the SMILE
study.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {73},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-133},
Year = {2011},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21148807},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine a 1-year follow-up of a 4-month,
controlled clinical trial of exercise and antidepressant
medication in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
METHODS: In the original study, 202 sedentary adults with
MDD were randomized to: a) supervised exercise; b)
home-based exercise; c) sertraline; or d) placebo pill. We
examined two outcomes measured at 1-year follow-up (i.e., 16
months post randomization): 1) continuous Hamilton
Depression Rating Scale score; and 2) MDD status (depressed;
partial remission; full remission) in 172 available
participants (85% of the original cohort). Regression
analyses were performed to examine the effects of treatment
group assignment, as well as follow-up antidepressant
medication use and self-reported exercise (Godin
Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire), on the two outcomes.
RESULTS: In the original study, patients receiving exercise
achieved similar benefits compared with those receiving
sertraline. At the time of the 1-year follow-up, rates of
MDD remission increased from 46% at post treatment to 66%
for participants available for follow-up. Neither initial
treatment group assignment nor antidepressant medication use
during the follow-up period were significant predictors of
MDD remission at 1 year. However, regular exercise during
the follow-up period predicted both Hamilton Depression
Rating Scale scores and MDD diagnosis at 1 year. This
relationship was curvilinear, with the association
concentrated between 0 minute and 180 minutes of weekly
exercise. CONCLUSION: The effects of aerobic exercise on MDD
remission seem to be similar to sertraline after 4 months of
treatment; exercise during the follow-up period seems to
extend the short-term benefits of exercise and may augment
the benefits of antidepressant use. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00331305.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31820433a5},
Key = {fds270715}
}
@article{fds270669,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Smith, PJ},
Title = {Risk factors: Anxiety and risk of cardiac
events.},
Journal = {Nat Rev Cardiol},
Volume = {7},
Number = {11},
Pages = {606-608},
Year = {2010},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975657},
Abstract = {Two recent studies published in the Journal of the American
College of Cardiology report the prognostic significance of
anxiety in the development of coronary heart disease in
initially healthy adults. These findings are placed in the
context of other published reports and highlight the need
for future research that includes representative samples of
women and minorities using precise assessment tools and
careful ascertainment of clinical endpoints.},
Doi = {10.1038/nrcardio.2010.139},
Key = {fds270669}
}
@article{fds270711,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Smith, PJ and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A},
Title = {Response to does the improvement in insulin sensitivity
mediate the beneficial effects of weight loss on cognitive
function?},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {e31},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0194-911X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.156935},
Doi = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.156935},
Key = {fds270711}
}
@article{fds270712,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Watkins, LL and Hinderliter, A and Hoffman, BM and Steffens, DC and Sherwood, A and Doraiswamy, PM},
Title = {Cerebrovascular risk factors and cerebral hyperintensities
among middle-aged and older adults with major
depression.},
Journal = {Am J Geriatr Psychiatry},
Volume = {18},
Number = {9},
Pages = {848-852},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20808104},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between cerebral
hyperintensities and cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRF)
among middle-aged and older adults with major depressive
disorder (MDD). METHODS: Thirty patients (aged 55-77 years)
with MDD and no history of stroke participated in a magnetic
resonance imaging assessment to assess for the presence of
cerebral hyperintensities and underwent a physical
examination to assess stroke risk as indexed by the
Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP). In addition, intima
medial thickness (IMT) was measured in the left and right
carotid arteries. RESULTS: Higher FSRP levels were
associated with total greater cerebral hyperintensities (r =
0.64), as well as greater subependymal hyperintensities (r =
0.47), confluent periventricular changes (r = 0.46), and
tended to be associated with subcortical gray matter
hyperintensities (r = 0.34). A quadratic relationship was
observed between IMT and total cerebral hyperintensities (b
= 4.84), and higher IMT levels were associated with greater
subependymal hyperintensities (r = 0.40). CONCLUSIONS:
Higher levels of CVRF are associated with graded increases
in cerebral hyperintensities among middle-aged and older
adults with MDD.},
Doi = {10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181dba0fa},
Key = {fds270712}
}
@article{fds270713,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Davidson, JRT and McCants, CB and O'Connor, C and Sketch, MH},
Title = {Phobic anxiety and increased risk of mortality in coronary
heart disease.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {72},
Number = {7},
Pages = {664-671},
Year = {2010},
Month = {September},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639390},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether phobic anxiety is associated
with increased risk of cardiac mortality in individuals with
established coronary heart disease (CHD) and to examine the
role of reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in mediating
this risk. Previous findings suggest that phobic anxiety may
pose increased risk of cardiac mortality in medically
healthy cohorts. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort
study in 947 CHD patients recruited during hospitalization
for coronary angiography. At baseline, supine recordings of
heart rate for HRV were collected, and participants
completed the Crown-Crisp phobic anxiety scale. Fatal
cardiac events were identified over an average period of 3
years. RESULTS: Female CHD patients reported significantly
elevated levels of phobic anxiety when compared with male
patients (p < .001), and survival analysis showed an
interaction between gender and phobic anxiety in the
prediction of cardiac mortality (p = .058) and sudden
cardiac death (p = .03). In women, phobic anxiety was
associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of cardiac
mortality (hazard ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval,
1.15-2.11; p = .004) and a 2.0-fold increased risk of sudden
cardiac death (hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% confidence interval,
1.16-3.52; p = .01) and was unassociated with increased
mortality risk in men (p = .56). Phobic anxiety was weakly
associated with reduced high-frequency HRV in female
patients (r = -.14, p = .02), but reduced HRV did not alter
the association between phobic anxiety on mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: Phobic anxiety levels are high in women with
CHD and may be a risk factor for cardiac-related mortality
in women diagnosed with CHD. Reduced HRV measured during
rest does not seem to mediate phobic anxiety-related
risk.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181e9f357},
Key = {fds270713}
}
@article{fds270710,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Craighead, L and Welsh-Bohmer, KA and Browndyke, JN and Strauman, TA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet,
exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in
overweight adults with high blood pressure.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {55},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1331-1338},
Year = {2010},
Month = {June},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20305128},
Abstract = {High blood pressure increases the risks of stroke, dementia,
and neurocognitive dysfunction. Although aerobic exercise
and dietary modifications have been shown to reduce blood
pressure, no randomized trials have examined the effects of
aerobic exercise combined with dietary modification on
neurocognitive functioning in individuals with high blood
pressure (ie, prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension). As
part of a larger investigation, 124 participants with
elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 130 to 159
mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure 85 to 99 mm Hg) who were
sedentary and overweight or obese (body mass index: 25 to 40
kg/m(2)) were randomized to the Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension (DASH) diet alone, DASH combined with a
behavioral weight management program including exercise and
caloric restriction, or a usual diet control group.
Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tests of
executive function-memory-learning and psychomotor speed at
baseline and again after the 4-month intervention.
Participants on the DASH diet combined with a behavioral
weight management program exhibited greater improvements in
executive function-memory-learning (Cohen's D=0.562;
P=0.008) and psychomotor speed (Cohen's D=0.480; P=0.023),
and DASH diet alone participants exhibited better
psychomotor speed (Cohen's D=0.440; P=0.036) compared with
the usual diet control. Neurocognitive improvements appeared
to be mediated by increased aerobic fitness and weight loss.
Also, participants with greater intima-medial thickness and
higher systolic blood pressure showed greater improvements
in executive function-memory-learning in the group on the
DASH diet combined with a behavioral weight management
program. In conclusion, combining aerobic exercise with the
DASH diet and caloric restriction improves neurocognitive
function among sedentary and overweight/obese individuals
with prehypertension and hypertension.},
Doi = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.146795},
Key = {fds270710}
}
@article{fds270709,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Craighead, L and Lin,
P-H and Johnson, J and Watkins, LL and Wang, JT and Kuhn, C and Feinglos,
M and Hinderliter, A},
Title = {Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet
alone and in combination with exercise and caloric
restriction on insulin sensitivity and lipids.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {55},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1199-1205},
Year = {2010},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20212264},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of the Dietary Approaches to
Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on insulin sensitivity and
lipids. In a randomized control trial, 144 overweight (body
mass index: 25 to 40) men (n=47) and women (n=97) with high
blood pressure (130 to 159/85 to 99 mm Hg) were randomly
assigned to one of the following groups: (1) DASH diet
alone; (2) DASH diet with aerobic exercise and caloric
restriction; or (3) usual diet controls (UC). Body
composition, fitness, insulin sensitivity, and fasting
lipids were measured before and after 4 months of treatment.
Insulin sensitivity was estimated on the basis of glucose
and insulin levels in the fasting state and after an oral
glucose load. Participants in the DASH diet with aerobic
exercise and caloric restriction condition lost weight (-8.7
kg [95% CI: -2.0 to -9.7 kg]) and exhibited a significant
increase in aerobic capacity, whereas the DASH diet alone
and UC participants maintained their weight (-0.3 kg [95%
CI: -1.2 to 0.5 kg] and +0.9 kg [95% CI: 0.0 to 1.7 kg],
respectively) and had no improvement in exercise capacity.
DASH diet with aerobic exercise and caloric restriction
demonstrated lower glucose levels after the oral glucose
load, improved insulin sensitivity, and lower total
cholesterol and triglycerides compared with both DASH diet
alone and UC, as well as lower fasting glucose and
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with UC. DASH
diet alone participants generally did not differ from UC in
these measures. Combining the DASH diet with exercise and
weight loss resulted in significant improvements in insulin
sensitivity and lipids. Despite clinically significant
reductions in blood pressure, the DASH diet alone, without
caloric restriction or exercise, resulted in minimal
improvements in insulin sensitivity or lipids.},
Doi = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.149153},
Key = {fds270709}
}
@article{fds270667,
Author = {Jones, LW and Eves, ND and Kraus, WE and Potti, A and Crawford, J and Blumenthal, JA and Peterson, BL and Douglas, PS},
Title = {The lung cancer exercise training study: a randomized trial
of aerobic training, resistance training, or both in
postsurgical lung cancer patients: rationale and
design.},
Journal = {Bmc Cancer},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {155},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20409311},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Lung Cancer Exercise Training Study
(LUNGEVITY) is a randomized trial to investigate the
efficacy of different types of exercise training on
cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), patient-reported
outcomes, and the organ components that govern VO2peak in
post-operative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
METHODS/DESIGN: Using a single-center, randomized design,
160 subjects (40 patients/study arm) with histologically
confirmed stage I-IIIA NSCLC following curative-intent
complete surgical resection at Duke University Medical
Center (DUMC) will be potentially eligible for this trial.
Following baseline assessments, eligible participants will
be randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) aerobic
training alone, (2) resistance training alone, (3) the
combination of aerobic and resistance training, or (4)
attention-control (progressive stretching). The ultimate
goal for all exercise training groups will be 3 supervised
exercise sessions per week an intensity above 70% of the
individually determined VO2peak for aerobic training and an
intensity between 60 and 80% of one-repetition maximum for
resistance training, for 30-45 minutes/session. Progressive
stretching will be matched to the exercise groups in terms
of program length (i.e., 16 weeks), social interaction
(participants will receive one-on-one instruction), and
duration (30-45 mins/session). The primary study endpoint is
VO2peak. Secondary endpoints include: patient-reported
outcomes (PROs) (e.g., quality of life, fatigue, depression,
etc.) and organ components of the oxygen cascade (i.e.,
pulmonary function, cardiac function, skeletal muscle
function). All endpoints will be assessed at baseline and
postintervention (16 weeks). Substudies will include genetic
studies regarding individual responses to an exercise
stimulus, theoretical determinants of exercise adherence,
examination of the psychological mediators of the exercise -
PRO relationship, and exercise-induced changes in gene
expression. DISCUSSION: VO2peak is becoming increasingly
recognized as an outcome of major importance in NSCLC.
LUNGEVITY will identify the optimal form of exercise
training for NSCLC survivors as well as provide insight into
the physiological mechanisms underlying this effect.
Overall, this study will contribute to the establishment of
clinical exercise therapy rehabilitation guidelines for
patients across the entire NSCLC continuum. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: NCT00018255.},
Doi = {10.1186/1471-2407-10-155},
Key = {fds270667}
}
@article{fds270668,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Hoffman, BM and Cooper, H and Strauman,
TA and Welsh-Bohmer, K and Browndyke, JN and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a
meta-analytic review of randomized controlled
trials.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {72},
Number = {3},
Pages = {239-252},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20223924},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of aerobic exercise
training on neurocognitive performance. Although the effects
of exercise on neurocognition have been the subject of
several previous reviews and meta-analyses, they have been
hampered by methodological shortcomings and are now outdated
as a result of the recent publication of several
large-scale, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS:
We conducted a systematic literature review of RCTs
examining the association between aerobic exercise training
on neurocognitive performance between January 1966 and July
2009. Suitable studies were selected for inclusion according
to the following criteria: randomized treatment allocation;
mean age > or =18 years of age; duration of treatment >1
month; incorporated aerobic exercise components; supervised
exercise training; the presence of a nonaerobic-exercise
control group; and sufficient information to derive effect
size data. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies met inclusion
criteria and were included in our analyses, representing
data from 2049 participants and 234 effect sizes.
Individuals randomly assigned to receive aerobic exercise
training demonstrated modest improvements in attention and
processing speed (g = 0.158; 95% confidence interval [CI];
0.055-0.260; p = .003), executive function (g = 0.123; 95%
CI, 0.021-0.225; p = .018), and memory (g = 0.128; 95% CI,
0.015-0.241; p = .026). CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise
training is associated with modest improvements in attention
and processing speed, executive function, and memory,
although the effects of exercise on working memory are less
consistent. Rigorous RCTs are needed with larger samples,
appropriate controls, and longer follow-up
periods.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181d14633},
Key = {fds270668}
}
@article{fds316059,
Author = {Green, MR and Fenwick, CV and Babyak, MA and Palmer, SM and Martinu, T and Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {SPIRITUALITY, DEPRESSION, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS
FOLLOWING LUNG TRANSPLANTATION},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {107-107},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275841700417&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316059}
}
@article{fds316062,
Author = {Mabe, SK and Babyak, M and Johnson, J and Fenwick, CV and Palmer, S and Martinu, T and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {SIX MINUTE WALK TEST PREDICTS DAILY ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS
WITH COPD},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {39},
Pages = {29-29},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2010},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275841700112&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316062}
}
@article{fds270666,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Park, SB and Hughes, JW and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, A and Trivedi, R and McFetridge-Durdle,
J},
Title = {Cardiovascular hemodynamics during stress in premenopausal
versus postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Menopause},
Volume = {17},
Number = {2},
Pages = {403-409},
Year = {2010},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19770780},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: After menopause, women are at an increased risk
of cardiovascular disease. The present study assessed
cardiovascular hemodynamics in premenopausal versus
postmenopausal women, with a focus on systemic vascular
resistance (SVR) at rest and during stress. Sympathetic
nervous system activity and cardiovascular adrenergic
receptor (AR) function were also examined. METHODS: A total
of 90 women (45 premenopausal and 45 postmenopausal)
completed a laboratory protocol composed of a resting
baseline and four mental stress tasks. Measurements included
blood pressure, cardiac output, SVR, and plasma
catecholamine level. In addition, alpha- and beta-AR
responsiveness to the infusion of selective pharmacological
agonists was assessed. RESULTS: Compared with premenopausal
women, postmenopausal women were characterized by similar
blood pressure but lower cardiac output and higher SVR, both
at rest and during stress (Ps < 0.05). Postmenopausal women
also had higher baseline plasma norepinephrine levels (P =
0.007) and reduced beta-AR responsiveness (P = 0.02),
although differences in beta-AR responsiveness may have been
confounded by aging effects. CONCLUSIONS: After menopause,
women exhibit altered sympathetic nervous system activity
and a sustained increase in hemodynamic load that may
contribute to pathological structural and functional changes
in the heart and blood vessels.},
Doi = {10.1097/gme.0b013e3181b9b061},
Key = {fds270666}
}
@article{fds270664,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O'Connor, C},
Title = {No laughing matter.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {55},
Number = {8},
Pages = {836},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.09.048},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2009.09.048},
Key = {fds270664}
}
@article{fds270665,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Diet and neurocognition: review of evidence and
methodological considerations.},
Journal = {Curr Aging Sci},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {57-66},
Year = {2010},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20298171},
Abstract = {The relationship between diet and cognitive function has
been a topic of increasing interest, as numerous studies
have shown that variations in dietary practices and nutrient
intake may protect against age-related cognitive decline, as
well as the development of dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
(AD). Various dietary practices and specific nutrient
components of these diets have been examined in relation to
cognitive performance including 1) dietary fatty acids
(including fish oil) and the Mediterranean diet, 2)
antioxidants (including vitamins E and C) and fruits and
vegetables, 3) vitamins B6, B12 (cobolamine), and folate,
and, more recently, 4) caloric restriction. Although
observational studies have generally reported significant
associations between dietary practices and reduced incidence
of cognitive dysfunction, randomized trials of dietary
interventions have yielded mixed findings, with many trials
yielding small gains or equivocal findings. In addition,
findings appear to vary based on sample characteristics,
methods of dietary assessment, and length of study
follow-up. The influence of dietary practices on cognitive
function in middle aged and older adults remains uncertain,
and further research is needed to clarify the nature of this
relationship and identify mechanisms by which diet may
affect neurocognition.},
Doi = {10.2174/1874609811003010057},
Key = {fds270665}
}
@article{fds270706,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Hinderliter, A and Watkins, LL and Craighead, L and Lin, P-H and Caccia, C and Johnson, J and Waugh, R and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effects of the DASH diet alone and in combination with
exercise and weight loss on blood pressure and
cardiovascular biomarkers in men and women with high blood
pressure: the ENCORE study.},
Journal = {Arch Intern Med},
Volume = {170},
Number = {2},
Pages = {126-135},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20101007},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension) diet has been shown to lower blood pressure
(BP) in short-term feeding studies, it has not been shown to
lower BP among free-living individuals, nor has it been
shown to alter cardiovascular biomarkers of risk. OBJECTIVE:
To compare the DASH diet alone or combined with a weight
management program with usual diet controls among
participants with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension
(systolic BP, 130-159 mm Hg; or diastolic BP, 85-99 mm Hg).
DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled trial in a
tertiary care medical center with assessments at baseline
and 4 months. Enrollment began October 29, 2003, and ended
July 28, 2008. PARTICIPANTS: Overweight or obese,
unmedicated outpatients with high BP (N = 144).
INTERVENTIONS: Usual diet controls, DASH diet alone, and
DASH diet plus weight management. OUTCOME MEASURES: The main
outcome measure is BP measured in the clinic and by
ambulatory BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes included pulse
wave velocity, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial
artery, baroreflex sensitivity, and left ventricular mass.
RESULTS: Clinic-measured BP was reduced by 16.1/9.9 mm Hg
(DASH plus weight management); 11.2/7.5 mm (DASH alone); and
3.4/3.8 mm (usual diet controls) (P < .001). A similar
pattern was observed for ambulatory BP (P < .05). Greater
improvement was noted for DASH plus weight management
compared with DASH alone for pulse wave velocity, baroreflex
sensitivity, and left ventricular mass (all P < .05).
CONCLUSION: For overweight or obese persons with
above-normal BP, the addition of exercise and weight loss to
the DASH diet resulted in even larger BP reductions, greater
improvements in vascular and autonomic function, and reduced
left ventricular mass. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00571844.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinternmed.2009.470},
Key = {fds270706}
}
@article{fds270705,
Author = {Babyak, MA and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter, A and Hoffman, B and Waugh, RA and Coleman, RE and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Prognosis after change in left ventricular ejection fraction
during mental stress testing in patients with stable
coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {Am J Cardiol},
Volume = {105},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-28},
Year = {2010},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20102885},
Abstract = {Previous studies of patients with stable coronary artery
disease have demonstrated that decreases in the left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during acute mental
stress are predictive of adverse clinical outcomes. The aim
of the present study was to examine the prospective relation
of mental stress on clinical outcomes in a sample of 138
patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients
underwent mental stress testing and were followed for a
median of 5.9 years to assess the occurrence of the combined
end point of myocardial infarction or all-cause mortality.
There were 32 events (17 nonfatal myocardial infarctions and
15 deaths) over the follow-up period. Of the 26 patients who
exhibited myocardial ischemia during mental stress testing,
11 (42%) sustained subsequent clinical events, compared to
21 of the 112 patients (19%) who showed no mental
stress-induced ischemia. LVEF change during mental stress
was also related to the clinical events in a graded,
continuous fashion, with each 4% decrease from the LVEF at
rest associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.7, (95%
confidence interval 1.1 to 2.6, p = 0.011). In conclusion,
reductions in the LVEF during mental stress are
prospectively associated with adverse clinical
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.08.647},
Key = {fds270705}
}
@article{fds270707,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Sherwood, A and Smith, PJ and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy,
PM and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Cardiovascular disease risk, vascular health and erectile
dysfunction among middle-aged, clinically depressed
men.},
Journal = {Int J Impot Res},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {30-35},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19776749},
Abstract = {Erectile dysfunction (ED) is especially common in men with
major depressive disorder (MDD). This study examined the
extent to which risk factors for cardiovascular disease
(CVD) and vascular endothelial dysfunction were associated
with ED severity in MDD patients. The sample included 46
middle-aged [M (s.d.)=53 (7) years], sedentary men diagnosed
with MDD. ED severity was assessed by the Arizona Sexual
Experiences Scale (ASEX), item 3. Depression severity was
measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI). The
Framingham risk score was calculated as a composite measure
of CVD risk factors. Vascular endothelial function was
measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial
artery. Regression analysis showed that ASEX scores were
predicted by the greater Framingham risk score (beta=0.41,
P=0.008) and lower FMD (beta=-0.38, P=0.01), but not by BDI
scores (beta=0.00, P=0.99). When FMD was included in the
regression model, the relationship between Framingham risk
and ASEX scores was partially attenuated (beta=0.27,
P=0.08). ED was associated with greater CVD risk and
impaired vascular endothelial function in depressed men. CVD
risk factors may affect ED through impairment of vascular
endothelial function.},
Doi = {10.1038/ijir.2009.43},
Key = {fds270707}
}
@article{fds270708,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Wang, JT and Babyak, M and Watkins, L and Kraus, W and Miller, P and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Enhancing standard cardiac rehabilitation with stress
management training: background, methods, and design for the
enhanced study.},
Journal = {J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {77-84},
Year = {2010},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20216360},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Enhancing Standard Cardiac Rehabilitation with
Stress Management Training in Patients with Heart Disease
(ENHANCED) is a randomized clinical trial funded by the
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute to evaluate the
effects of stress management training (SMT) on changes in
biomarkers of risk and quality of life for patients enrolled
in traditional exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
METHODS: One hundred fifty cardiac patients recruited from
Duke University and the University of North Carolina will be
evaluated and randomized to CR enhanced by SMT (including
sessions devoted to relaxation training, cognitive
restructuring, communication skills, and problem solving) or
to standard exercise-based CR. Before and after 12 weeks of
treatment, patients will undergo a battery of psychometric
questionnaires and evaluation of cardiovascular biomarkers,
including measures of flow-mediated dilation, heart rate
variability, baroreflex sensitivity, platelet function and
inflammation, and ischemia during laboratory mental stress
testing. The primary outcomes include a composite measure of
stress (distress, depression, anxiety, and hostility and
24-hour urinary catecholamines and cortisol) and a composite
measure of cardiac biomarkers of risk (vascular endothelial
function, cardiac vagal control, inflammation, platelet
function, and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia).
Secondary outcomes include measures of quality of life as
well as clinical events, including death, hospitalizations,
myocardial infarction, and revascularization procedures.
RESULTS: This article reviews prior studies in the area and
describes the design of the ENHANCED study. Several key
methodological issues are discussed including the assessment
of biomarkers of risk and barriers to the integration of SMT
into traditional CR. CONCLUSIONS: The ENHANCED study will
provide important information by determining to what extent
SMT combined with exercise-based CR may improve prognosis
and quality of life in vulnerable cardiac
patients.},
Doi = {10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181d0c1d3},
Key = {fds270708}
}
@article{fds270704,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Diet, exercise habits, and risk of Alzheimer
disease.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {302},
Number = {22},
Pages = {2431},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19996394},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2009.1790},
Key = {fds270704}
}
@article{fds270663,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Ong, L},
Title = {A commentary on 'Exercise and Depression' (): And the
Verdict Is….},
Journal = {Mental Health and Physical Activity},
Volume = {2},
Number = {2},
Pages = {97-99},
Year = {2009},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1755-2966},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161362},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mhpa.2009.08.001},
Key = {fds270663}
}
@article{fds270662,
Author = {Trivedi, RB and Blumenthal, JA and O'Connor, C and Adams, K and Hinderliter, A and Dupree, C and Johnson, K and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Coping styles in heart failure patients with depressive
symptoms.},
Journal = {J Psychosom Res},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {339-346},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19773027},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Elevated depressive symptoms have been linked to
poorer prognosis in heart failure (HF) patients. Our
objective was to identify coping styles associated with
depressive symptoms in HF patients. METHODS: A total of 222
stable HF patients (32.75% female, 45.4% non-Hispanic black)
completed multiple questionnaires. Beck Depression Inventory
(BDI) assessed depressive symptoms, Life Orientation Test
(LOT-R) assessed optimism, ENRICHD Social Support Inventory
(ESSI) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) assessed
social support, and COPE assessed coping styles. Linear
regression analyses were employed to assess the association
of coping styles with continuous BDI scores. Logistic
regression analyses were performed using BDI scores
dichotomized into BDI<10 vs. BDI> or =10, to identify coping
styles accompanying clinically significant depressive
symptoms. RESULTS: In linear regression models, higher BDI
scores were associated with lower scores on the acceptance
(beta=-.14), humor (beta=-.15), planning (beta=-.15), and
emotional support (beta=-.14) subscales of the COPE, and
higher scores on the behavioral disengagement (beta=.41),
denial (beta=.33), venting (beta=.25), and mental
disengagement (beta=.22) subscales. Higher PSSS and ESSI
scores were associated with lower BDI scores (beta=-.32 and
-.25, respectively). Higher LOT-R scores were associated
with higher BDI scores (beta=.39, P<.001). In logistical
regression models, BDI> or =10 was associated with greater
likelihood of behavioral disengagement (OR=1.3), denial
(OR=1.2), mental disengagement (OR=1.3), venting (OR=1.2),
and pessimism (OR=1.2), and lower perceived social support
measured by PSSS (OR=.92) and ESSI (OR=.92). CONCLUSION:
Depressive symptoms in HF patients are associated with
avoidant coping, lower perceived social support, and
pessimism. Results raise the possibility that interventions
designed to improve coping may reduce depressive
symptoms.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.05.014},
Key = {fds270662}
}
@article{fds270687,
Author = {Shelby, RA and Somers, TJ and Keefe, FJ and Silva, SG and McKee, DC and She, L and Waters, SJ and Varia, I and Riordan, YB and Knowles, VM and Blazing, M and Blumenthal, JA and Johnson, P},
Title = {Pain catastrophizing in patients with noncardiac chest pain:
relationships with pain, anxiety, and disability.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {71},
Number = {8},
Pages = {861-868},
Year = {2009},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19737857},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the contributions of chest pain,
anxiety, and pain catastrophizing to disability in 97
patients with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) and to test
whether chest pain and anxiety were related indirectly to
greater disability via pain catastrophizing. METHODS:
Participants completed daily diaries measuring chest pain
for 7 days before completing measures of pain
catastrophizing, trait anxiety, and disability. Linear path
model analyses examined the contributions of chest pain,
trait anxiety, and catastrophizing to physical disability,
psychosocial disability, and disability in work, home, and
recreational activities. RESULTS: Path models accounted for
a significant amount of the variability in disability scales
(R(2) = 0.35 to 0.52). Chest pain and anxiety accounted for
46% of the variance in pain catastrophizing. Both chest pain
(beta = 0.18, Sobel test Z = 2.58, p < .01) and trait
anxiety (beta = 0.14, Sobel test Z = 2.11, p < .05)
demonstrated significant indirect relationships with
physical disability via pain catastrophizing. Chest pain
demonstrated a significant indirect relationship with
psychosocial disability via pain catastrophizing (beta =
0.12, Sobel test Z = 1.96, p = .05). After controlling for
the effects of chest pain and anxiety, pain catastrophizing
was no longer related to disability in work, home, and
recreational activities. CONCLUSIONS: Chest pain and anxiety
were directly related to greater disability and indirectly
related to physical and psychosocial disability via pain
catastrophizing. Efforts to improve functioning in patients
with NCCP should consider addressing pain
catastrophizing.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181b49584},
Key = {fds270687}
}
@article{fds270702,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Hill, EE and Patidar, SM and Doraiswamy, PM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise on sexual functioning in
depressed adults},
Journal = {Mental Health and Physical Activity},
Volume = {2},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-28},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2009},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1755-2966},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2008.12.001},
Abstract = {Objective: Exercise appears to be generally comparable to
antidepressant medication in reducing depressive symptoms.
The current study examines the effects of aerobic exercise,
compared to antidepressant medication and placebo pill, on
sexual function among depressed adults. Methods: Two hundred
clinically depressed adults, aged 40 years and over, who
were sedentary and generally overweight, were randomized to
4 months of Aerobic Exercise, Sertraline (Zoloft), or
Placebo pill, for the treatment of depression. Exercise
condition participants engaged in walking, running, or
biking, 30 min/day, 3 days/week, to 70-85% of their heart
rate reserve, in either a supervised group setting or
independently at home. Before and following treatment,
participants completed the Arizona Sexual Experiences
Questionnaire (ASEX) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for
Depression (HAM-D). An ANCOVA was performed to test the
effects of treatment on post-treatment sexual function,
controlling for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes,
hypertension, pretreatment HAM-D scores, and pretreatment
ASEX scores. Results: The treatment group main effect was
significant (p = .02); exercisers had better post-treatment
ASEX scores (adjusted ASEX M = 16.6) compared to the placebo
group (adjusted ASEX M = 18.3; p = .01). Exercisers had
post-treatment ASEX scores that were marginally better
compared to the sertraline group, but this difference did
not reach statistical significance (adjusted ASEX M = 17.9;
p = .05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise, which has been
associated with reduced symptoms of depression comparable to
antidepressant medication, appears to result in greater
improvement in sexual function compared to placebo pill. A
nonsignificant trend towards better sexual function among
exercisers compared to antidepressant medication may be
attributable to medication-related sexual side effects. ©
2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.mhpa.2008.12.001},
Key = {fds270702}
}
@article{fds270659,
Author = {Gottlieb, SS and Kop, WJ and Ellis, SJ and Binkley, P and Howlett, J and O'Connor, C and Blumenthal, JA and Fletcher, G and Swank, AM and Cooper,
L and HF-ACTION Investigators},
Title = {Relation of depression to severity of illness in heart
failure (from Heart Failure And a Controlled Trial
Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training
[HF-ACTION]).},
Journal = {Am J Cardiol},
Volume = {103},
Number = {9},
Pages = {1285-1289},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.01.025},
Abstract = {Depression is common in patients with heart failure (HF),
prognostic for adverse outcomes and purportedly related to
disease severity. Psychological and physiologic factors
relevant to HF were assessed in HF-ACTION, a large
randomized study of aerobic exercise training in patients
with systolic HF. The relation of objective and subjective
parameters was compared with scores on the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) to examine the hypothesis that depressive
symptoms are better associated with perception of disease
severity than with objective markers of HF severity. At
baseline, 2,322 of 2,331 subjects entered into HF-ACTION
completed questionnaires to assess depression (BDI) and
quality of life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
[KCCQ]). Objective markers of HF severity included ejection
fraction, B-type natriuretic peptide, and peak oxygen
consumption (using cardiopulmonary exercise testing, with
evaluation of duration and respiratory exchange ratio also
performed). Measures more likely to be affected by perceived
functional status included New York Heart Association (NYHA)
classification and the 6-minute walk test. Objective
assessments of disease severity were slightly related (peak
oxygen consumption) or not related (B-type natriuretic
peptide and ejection fraction) to BDI scores. Using
multivariate analysis (KCCQ not included), only age, gender,
cardiopulmonary exercise testing duration, NYHA class,
6-minute walk distance, and peak respiratory exchange ratio
independently correlated with BDI scores. In conclusion,
depression was minimally related to objective assessments of
severity of disease in patients with HF, but was associated
with patient (and clinician) perceptions of disease
severity. Addressing depression might improve symptoms in
patients with HF.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.01.025},
Key = {fds270659}
}
@article{fds270661,
Author = {Somers, TJ and Keefe, FJ and Pells, JJ and Dixon, KE and Waters, SJ and Riordan, PA and Blumenthal, JA and McKee, DC and LaCaille, L and Tucker,
JM and Schmitt, D and Caldwell, DS and Kraus, VB and Sims, EL and Shelby,
RA and Rice, JR},
Title = {Pain catastrophizing and pain-related fear in osteoarthritis
patients: relationships to pain and disability.},
Journal = {J Pain Symptom Manage},
Volume = {37},
Number = {5},
Pages = {863-872},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19041218},
Abstract = {This study examined the degree to which pain catastrophizing
and pain-related fear explain pain, psychological
disability, physical disability, and walking speed in
patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Participants
in this study were 106 individuals diagnosed as having OA of
at least one knee, who reported knee pain persisting for six
months or longer. Results suggest that pain catastrophizing
explained a significant proportion (all Ps < or = 0.05) of
variance in measures of pain (partial r(2) [pr(2)] = 0.10),
psychological disability (pr(2) = 0.20), physical disability
(pr(2) = 0.11), and gait velocity at normal (pr(2) = 0.04),
fast (pr(2) = 0.04), and intermediate speeds (pr(2) = 0.04).
Pain-related fear explained a significant proportion of the
variance in measures of psychological disability (pr(2) =
0.07) and walking at a fast speed (pr(2) = 0.05). Pain
cognitions, particularly pain catastrophizing, appear to be
important variables in understanding pain, disability, and
walking at normal, fast, and intermediate speeds in knee OA
patients. Clinicians interested in understanding variations
in pain and disability in this population may benefit by
expanding the focus of their inquiries beyond traditional
medical and demographic variables to include an assessment
of pain catastrophizing and pain-related
fear.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.05.009},
Key = {fds270661}
}
@article{fds270699,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Georgiades, A and Sherwood, A and Sketch, MH and Watkins, LL},
Title = {Association between n-3 fatty acid consumption and
ventricular ectopy after myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition},
Volume = {89},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1315-1320},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19321564},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: n-3 (omega-3) Fatty acids are associated with a
reduced risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the
relation between dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids and
ventricular arrhythmias has not been investigated among
acute post-myocardial infarction (AMI) patients-a group at
elevated risk of malignant arrhythmias. OBJECTIVE: The
objective was to examine the association between n-3 fatty
acid consumption and ventricular ectopy among AMI patients.
DESIGN: In 260 AMI patients, dietary intake of n-3 fatty
acids was assessed by using the Harvard food-frequency
questionnaire, and ventricular ectopy was estimated from
24-h electrocardiograph recordings. RESULTS: A greater
intake of n-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid +
docosahexaenoic acid + docosapentaenoic acid +
alpha-linolenic acid) was associated with lower ventricular
ectopy (beta = -0.35, P = 0.011), and this effect remained
after cardiovascular comorbidities were controlled for (beta
= -0.47, P = 0.003). Higher concentrations of both
marine-based (eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid)
(beta = -0.21, P = 0.060) and plant-based (alpha-linolenic
acid) (beta = -0.33, P = 0.024) fatty acids remained
associated with lower ventricular ectopy after
cardiovascular comorbidities were controlled for.
CONCLUSION: These findings extend existing evidence linking
n-3 fatty acid consumption to a reduced risk of ventricular
arrhythmias by showing that a greater intake of n-3 fatty
acids may be associated with low ventricular ectopy among
AMI patients.},
Doi = {10.3945/ajcn.2008.26829},
Key = {fds270699}
}
@article{fds270701,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Waldman, S and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Sketch,
M and Watkins, LL},
Title = {TREATING DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART DISEASE: Is the
Glass Half Empty or Half Full?},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {157},
Number = {5},
Pages = {e35-e37},
Year = {2009},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20706603},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2009.03.006},
Key = {fds270701}
}
@article{fds270658,
Author = {O'Connor, CM and Whellan, DJ and Lee, KL and Keteyian, SJ and Cooper,
LS and Ellis, SJ and Leifer, ES and Kraus, WE and Kitzman, DW and Blumenthal, JA and Rendall, DS and Miller, NH and Fleg, JL and Schulman,
KA and McKelvie, RS and Zannad, F and Piña, IL and HF-ACTION
Investigators},
Title = {Efficacy and safety of exercise training in patients with
chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {301},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1439-1450},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19351941},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Guidelines recommend that exercise training be
considered for medically stable outpatients with heart
failure. Previous studies have not had adequate statistical
power to measure the effects of exercise training on
clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy and
safety of exercise training among patients with heart
failure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Multicenter,
randomized controlled trial of 2331 medically stable
outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection
fraction. Participants in Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial
Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) were
randomized from April 2003 through February 2007 at 82
centers within the United States, Canada, and France; median
follow-up was 30 months. INTERVENTIONS: Usual care plus
aerobic exercise training, consisting of 36 supervised
sessions followed by home-based training, or usual care
alone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Composite primary end point of
all-cause mortality or hospitalization and prespecified
secondary end points of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular
mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization, and
cardiovascular mortality or heart failure hospitalization.
RESULTS: The median age was 59 years, 28% were women, and
37% had New York Heart Association class III or IV symptoms.
Heart failure etiology was ischemic in 51%, and median left
ventricular ejection fraction was 25%. Exercise adherence
decreased from a median of 95 minutes per week during months
4 through 6 of follow-up to 74 minutes per week during
months 10 through 12. A total of 759 patients (65%) in the
exercise training group died or were hospitalized compared
with 796 patients (68%) in the usual care group (hazard
ratio [HR], 0.93 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.84-1.02];
P = .13). There were nonsignificant reductions in the
exercise training group for mortality (189 patients [16%] in
the exercise training group vs 198 patients [17%] in the
usual care group; HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.79-1.17]; P = .70),
cardiovascular mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization
(632 [55%] in the exercise training group vs 677 [58%] in
the usual care group; HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.83-1.03]; P =
.14), and cardiovascular mortality or heart failure
hospitalization (344 [30%] in the exercise training group vs
393 [34%] in the usual care group; HR, 0.87 [95% CI,
0.75-1.00]; P = .06). In prespecified supplementary analyses
adjusting for highly prognostic baseline characteristics,
the HRs were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.81-0.99; P = .03) for all-cause
mortality or hospitalization, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.82-1.01; P =
.09) for cardiovascular mortality or cardiovascular
hospitalization, and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74-0.99; P = .03) for
cardiovascular mortality or heart failure hospitalization.
Other adverse events were similar between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In the protocol-specified primary analysis,
exercise training resulted in nonsignificant reductions in
the primary end point of all-cause mortality or
hospitalization and in key secondary clinical end points.
After adjustment for highly prognostic predictors of the
primary end point, exercise training was associated with
modest significant reductions for both all-cause mortality
or hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality or heart
failure hospitalization. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00047437.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2009.454},
Key = {fds270658}
}
@article{fds270660,
Author = {Flynn, KE and Piña, IL and Whellan, DJ and Lin, L and Blumenthal, JA and Ellis, SJ and Fine, LJ and Howlett, JG and Keteyian, SJ and Kitzman, DW and Kraus, WE and Miller, NH and Schulman, KA and Spertus, JA and O'Connor,
CM and Weinfurt, KP and HF-ACTION Investigators},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on health status in patients
with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {301},
Number = {14},
Pages = {1451-1459},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19351942},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Findings from previous studies of the effects of
exercise training on patient-reported health status have
been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of
exercise training on health status among patients with heart
failure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Multicenter,
randomized controlled trial among 2331 medically stable
outpatients with heart failure with left ventricular
ejection fraction of 35% or less. Patients were randomized
from April 2003 through February 2007. INTERVENTIONS: Usual
care plus aerobic exercise training (n = 1172), consisting
of 36 supervised sessions followed by home-based training,
vs usual care alone (n = 1159). Randomization was stratified
by heart failure etiology, which was a covariate in all
models. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Kansas City Cardiomyopathy
Questionnaire (KCCQ) overall summary scale and key subscales
at baseline, every 3 months for 12 months, and annually
thereafter for up to 4 years. The KCCQ is scored from 0 to
100 with higher scores corresponding to better health
status. Treatment group effects were estimated using linear
mixed models according to the intention-to-treat principle.
RESULTS: Median follow-up was 2.5 years. At 3 months, usual
care plus exercise training led to greater improvement in
the KCCQ overall summary score (mean, 5.21; 95% confidence
interval, 4.42 to 6.00) compared with usual care alone
(3.28; 95% confidence interval, 2.48 to 4.09). The
additional 1.93-point increase (95% confidence interval,
0.84 to 3.01) in the exercise training group was
statistically significant (P < .001). After 3 months, there
were no further significant changes in KCCQ score for either
group (P = .85 for the difference between slopes), resulting
in a sustained, greater improvement overall for the exercise
group (P < .001). Results were similar on the KCCQ
subscales, and no subgroup interactions were detected.
CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training conferred modest but
statistically significant improvements in self-reported
health status compared with usual care without training.
Improvements occurred early and persisted over time. TRIAL
REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00047437.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.2009.457},
Key = {fds270660}
}
@article{fds270655,
Author = {Allison, DB and Newcomer, JW and Dunn, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Fabricatore, AN and Daumit, GL and Cope, MB and Riley, WT and Vreeland,
B and Hibbeln, JR and Alpert, JE},
Title = {Obesity among those with mental disorders: a National
Institute of Mental Health meeting report.},
Journal = {Am J Prev Med},
Volume = {36},
Number = {4},
Pages = {341-350},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0749-3797},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.020},
Abstract = {The National Institute of Mental Health convened a meeting
in October 2005 to review the literature on obesity,
nutrition, and physical activity among those with mental
disorders. The findings of this meeting and subsequent
update of the literature review are summarized here. Levels
of obesity are higher in those with schizophrenia and
depression, as is mortality from obesity-related conditions
such as coronary heart disease. Medication side effects,
particularly the metabolic side effects of antipsychotic
medications, contribute to the high levels of obesity in
those with schizophrenia, but increased obesity and visceral
adiposity have been found in some but not all samples of
drug-naïve patients as well. Many of the weight-management
strategies used in the general population may be applicable
to those with mental disorders, but little is known about
the effects of these strategies on this patient population
or how these strategies may need to be adapted for the
unique needs of those with mental disorders. The minimal
research on weight-management programs for those with mental
disorders indicates that meaningful changes in dietary
intake and physical activity are possible. Physical activity
is an important component of any weight-management program,
particularly for those with depression, for which a
substantial body of research indicates both mental and
physical health benefits. Obesity among those with mental
disorders has not received adequate research attention, and
empirically-based interventions to address the increasing
prevalence of obesity and risk of cardiovascular and
metabolic diseases in this population are
lacking.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.020},
Key = {fds270655}
}
@article{fds270657,
Author = {Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Steinmeyer, B and Blumenthal, JA and de
Jonge, P and Davidson, KW and Czajkowski, SM and Jaffe,
AS},
Title = {History of depression and survival after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {71},
Number = {3},
Pages = {253-259},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819b69e3},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare survival in post-myocardial (MI)
participants from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart
Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial with a first episode of
major depression (MD) and those with recurrent MD, which is
a risk factor for mortality after acute MI. Recent reports
suggest that the level of risk may depend on whether the
comorbid MD is a first or a recurrent episode. METHODS:
Survival was compared over a median of 29 months in 370
patients with an initial episode of MD, 550 with recurrent
MD, and 408 who were free of depression. RESULTS: After
adjusting for an all-cause mortality risk score, initial
Beck Depression Inventory score, and the use of selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, patients with
a first episode of MD had poorer survival (18.4% all-cause
mortality) than those with recurrent MD (11.8%) (hazard
ratio (HR) = 1.4; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.0-2.0; p
= .05). Both first depression (HR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.6-6.1; p
= .001) and recurrent MD (HR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.4; p =
.03) had significantly poorer survival than did the
nondepressed patients (3.4%). A secondary analysis of deaths
classified as probably due to a cardiovascular cause
resulted in similar HRs, but the difference between
depression groups was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Both
initial and recurrent episodes of MD predict shorter
survival after acute MI, but initial MD episodes are more
strongly predictive than recurrent episodes. Exploratory
analyses suggest that this cannot be explained by more
severe heart disease at index, poorer response to depression
treatment, or a higher risk of cerebrovascular disease in
patients with initial MD episodes.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819b69e3},
Key = {fds270657}
}
@article{fds270698,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Keefe, FJ and Babyak, MA and Fenwick, CV and Johnson,
JM and Stott, K and Funk, RK and McAdams, MJ and Palmer, S and Martinu, T and Baucom, D and Diaz, PT and Emery, CF},
Title = {Caregiver-assisted coping skills training for patients with
COPD: background, design, and methodological issues for the
INSPIRE-II study.},
Journal = {Clinical Trials},
Volume = {6},
Number = {2},
Pages = {172-184},
Year = {2009},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1740-7745},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342470},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is
a progressive illness characterized by airflow obstruction
and dyspnea that afflicts over 12 million people and
represents a leading cause of death in the United States.
Not surprisingly, COPD is often associated with emotional
distress and reduced psychosocial adjustment, which can
negatively impact physical functioning and impair quality of
life. However, the psychosocial consequences of COPD remain
largely untreated. A previous randomized trial from our
research team demonstrated that coping skills training (CST)
can improve pulmonary-specific quality of life among
pulmonary patients awaiting lung transplant (the INSPIRE
study). To date, however, no studies have examined the
effects of a caregiver-assisted CST intervention in patients
with COPD with less severe disease. PURPOSE: INSPIRE II is a
randomized clinical trial (RCT) funded by the NHLBI to
evaluate the effects of telephone-based enhanced CST for
patients with COPD and their caregivers compared to
standardized medical care (SMC) including COPD education and
symptom monitoring on medical outcomes, physical
functioning, and quality of life. METHODS: Six hundred COPD
patients and their respective caregivers recruited from Duke
University and Ohio State University will be evaluated and
randomized (in a 1:1 ratio) to enhanced CST (including
sessions promoting physical activity, relaxation, cognitive
restructuring, communication skills, and problem solving) or
to SMC. The primary outcomes include all-cause mortality,
COPD-related hospitalizations/ physician visits, and quality
of life. These endpoints will be measured through
self-report questionnaires, behavioral measures of
functional capacity (i.e., accelerometer and six minute walk
test) and pulmonary function tests (e.g., FEV(1)). RESULTS:
This article reviews prior studies in the area and describes
the design of INSPIRE-II. Several key methodological issues
are discussed including the delivery of CST over the
telephone, encouraging physical activity, and inclusion of
caregivers as patient coaches to enhance the effectiveness
of the intervention. LIMITATIONS: We recognize that SMC does
not adequately control for attention, support, and
non-specific factors, and that, in theory, non-specific
effects of the intervention could account for some, or all,
of the observed benefits. However, our fundamental question
is whether the telephone intervention produces benefits
over-and-above the usual care that patients typically
receive. The SMC condition will provide education and
additional weekly telephone contact, albeit less than the
attention received by the CST group. We recognize that this
attention control condition may not provide equivalent
patient contact, but it will minimize group differences due
to attention. We considered several alternative designs
including adding a third usual care only arm as well as an
education only control arm. However, these alternatives
would require more patients, reduce the power to detect
significant effects of our primary medical endpoints, and
add a significant additional expense to the cost of the
study that would make such an undertaking neither
scientifically or financially viable. CONCLUSIONS: We
believe that this novel approach to patient care in which
caregivers are used to assist in the delivery of coping
skills training to patients with COPD has the potential to
change the way in which COPD patients are routinely managed
in order to reduce distress, enhance quality of life, and
potentially improve medical outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1177/1740774509102565},
Key = {fds270698}
}
@article{fds270654,
Author = {Lichtman, JH and Bigger, JT and Blumenthal, JA and Frasure-Smith, N and Kaufmann, PG and Lespérance, F and Mark, DB and Sheps, DS and Taylor,
CB and Froelicher, ES},
Title = {AHA science advisory. Depression and coronary heart disease.
Recommendations for screening, referral, and treatment. A
science advisory from the American Heart Association
Prevention Committee to the Council on Cardiovascular
Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on
Epidemiology and Prevention, and Interdisciplinary Council
on Quality of Care Outcomes Research. Endorsed by the
American Psychiatric Association.},
Journal = {Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing},
Volume = {24},
Number = {1},
Pages = {19-26},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0889-7204},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19261139},
Abstract = {Depression is commonly present in patients with coronary
heart disease (CHD) and is independently associated with
increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Screening
tests for depressive symptoms should be applied to identify
patients who may require further assessment and treatment.
This multispecialty consensus document reviews the evidence
linking depression with CHD and provides recommendations for
healthcare providers for the assessment, referral, and
treatment of depression.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1751-7117.2009.00028.x},
Key = {fds270654}
}
@article{fds270656,
Author = {Mathew, JP and Mackensen, GB and Phillips-Bute, B and Grocott, HP and Glower, DD and Laskowitz, DT and Blumenthal, JA and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome Research Group (NORG) of the Duke Heart
Center},
Title = {Randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled study of
neuroprotection with lidocaine in cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation},
Volume = {40},
Number = {3},
Pages = {880-887},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19164788},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery remains common and diminishes patients' quality of
life. Based on experimental and clinical evidence, this
study assessed the potential of intravenously administered
lidocaine to reduce postoperative cognitive dysfunction
after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS:
After IRB approval, 277 patients undergoing cardiac surgery
were enrolled into this prospective, randomized,
double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial. Subjects
were randomized to receive: (1) Lidocaine as a 1 mg/kg bolus
followed by a continuous infusion through 48 hours
postoperatively, or (2) Placebo bolus and infusion.
Cognitive function was assessed preoperatively and again at
6 weeks and 1 year postoperatively. The effect of lidocaine
on postoperative cognition was tested using multivariable
regression modeling; P<0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: Among the 241 allocated subjects (Lidocaine: n=114;
Placebo: n=127), the incidence of cognitive deficit in the
lidocaine group was 45.5% versus 45.7% in the placebo group
(P=0.97). Multivariable analysis revealed a significant
interaction between treatment group and diabetes, such that
diabetic subjects receiving lidocaine were more likely to
suffer cognitive decline (P=0.004). Secondary analysis
identified total lidocaine dose (mg/kg) as a significant
predictor of cognitive decline and also revealed a
protective effect of lower dose lidocaine in nondiabetic
subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Lidocaine administered during and
after cardiac surgery does not reduce the high rate of
postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Higher doses of
lidocaine and diabetic status were independent predictors of
cognitive decline. Protective effects of lower dose
lidocaine in nondiabetic subjects need to be further
evaluated.},
Doi = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.531236},
Key = {fds270656}
}
@article{fds270700,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy, PM and Hinderliter, A and Hoffman, BM and Waugh, R and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Intima-media thickness and age of first depressive
episode.},
Journal = {Biol Psychol},
Volume = {80},
Number = {3},
Pages = {361-364},
Year = {2009},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19041688},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Late life depression, including patients with
vascular depression, has been associated with higher levels
of intima-media thickness (IMT). Although individuals with
vascular depression tend to report a later onset of
depression, the relationship of IMT and age of first
depressive episode is uncertain in younger adults. We
therefore investigated the relationship between IMT and age
of first depressive episode in a sample of 202 adults (age
range 40-81 years) with major depression (MDD). METHODS:
Depression status was assessed using the Structured Clinical
Interview Schedule and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
Patients underwent a physical examination in which a medical
history was obtained. IMT was measured from the left and
right common carotid arteries. Simple regression analyses
were used to investigate the association between IMT and
self-reported age of first depressive episode. RESULTS: IMT
was associated with a later onset of first major depressive
episode (b=.225, P=.0005) and this association remained
significant after controlling for age, Framingham Stroke
Risk Profile, smoking pack years, physical activity, high-
and low-density lipoprotein, body mass index, triglyceride
levels, and history of chronic medical conditions (b=.142,
P=.028). Each .10mm increase in IMT was associated with a
2.6-year later reported occurrence of first major depressive
episode (MDE). Similarly, higher levels of IMT were
associated with fewer previous MDEs (b=-.149, P=.020) and
this effect remained significant in our multivariate model
(b=-.140, P=.030). In contrast, IMT was not associated with
current depressive severity (b=-.024, P=.720). CONCLUSIONS:
Greater levels of IMT are associated with a later onset of
depression and fewer previous depressive episodes among
middle-aged and older adults, independent of cardiovascular
co-morbidities. These findings provide preliminary evidence
that increased vascular burden may be associated with a
later onset of depression.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.11.001},
Key = {fds270700}
}
@article{fds270697,
Author = {Waldman, SV and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Sketch, M and Davidson, J and Watkins, LL},
Title = {Ethnic differences in the treatment of depression in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {157},
Number = {1},
Pages = {77-83},
Year = {2009},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19081400},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine ethnic
differences in depressive symptoms and antidepressant
treatment in a cohort of patients undergoing diagnostic
coronary angiography. BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease
(CHD) is the leading cause of mortality in the United
States, with an excess of mortality in African Americans.
Traditional risk factors occur more frequently among African
Americans but do not fully account for this increased risk.
Elevated depressive symptoms have been shown to be
associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients
with CHD. METHODS: A consecutive series of 864 patients (727
whites, 137 African Americans) completed the Beck Depression
Inventory to assess depressive symptoms. Data describing
cardiovascular risk factors and type of medications
including antidepressants were obtained from chart review at
the time of study enrollment. RESULTS: There was no
difference in the severity of depressive symptoms between
whites (P = .50); the prevalence of elevated depressive
symptoms also was similar for African Americans (35%) and
whites (27%) (P = .20). However, the rate of antidepressant
use was 21% for whites but only 11.7% for African Americans
(P = .016). The odds ratio for ethnicity (African American
vs whites) in predicting antidepressant use was 0.43 (95%
confidence interval 0.24-0.76, P = .004) after adjustment
for Beck Depression Inventory scores. CONCLUSIONS: African
Americans with CHD are less likely to be treated with
antidepressant medications compared with whites despite
having similar levels of depression. The ethnic differences
in the psychopharmacological management of depression
suggests that more careful assessment of depression,
especially in African Americans, is necessary to optimize
care of patients with CHD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2008.08.013},
Key = {fds270697}
}
@article{fds270703,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Catellier, DJ and Carney,
RM and Berkman, LF and Burg, MM and Mitchell, P and Jaffe, AS and Schneiderman, N},
Title = {Dimensions of social support and depression in patients at
increased psychosocial risk recovering from myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {16},
Number = {3},
Pages = {248-258},
Year = {2009},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19288205},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is considerable evidence that depression
and low social support are associated with increased
morbidity and mortality for patients with coronary heart
disease (CHD). However, there is a lack of consensus
regarding the measurement of social support and its relation
to depression. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of the present
study was to identify key dimensions of existing social
support and depression measures for patients with CHD using
factor analysis. METHOD: Seven hundred-five patients with a
recent acute myocardial infarction and either depression,
low social support, or both, completed measures of several
types of social support and depression. Exploratory and
confirmatory factor analysis were used to examine the
underlying dimensions of the existing social support and
depression measures, and to compare theoretically plausible
models specifying the relation between the social support
and depression factors. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor
analysis indicated that an approach in which smaller facets
of depression are measured (somatic, cognitive/affective,
anxious) and social support (perceived emotional support
from intimate relationships; perceived tangible support from
peripheral contacts; and the number of children, relatives,
and friends in a patient's support network), may be the most
optimal way to measure social support and depression in this
population RMSEA = 0.05; CFI = 0.81; TLI = 0.88).
CONCLUSION: Efforts to identify patients at increased
psychosocial risk may be improved by screening for these
subcomponents of social support and depression.},
Doi = {10.1007/s12529-009-9040-x},
Key = {fds270703}
}
@article{fds270653,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and O'Conner, C and Adams, KF and Dupree, CS and Waugh, RA and Bensimhon, D and Christenson, RH and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Independent prognostic value of echocardiography and
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with
heart failure.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {156},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1191-1195},
Year = {2008},
Month = {December},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19033018},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic indices of cardiac structure
and function and natriuretic peptide levels are strong
predictors of mortality in patients with heart failure.
Whether cardiac ultrasound and natriuretic peptides provide
independent prognostic information is uncertain. METHODS:
Echocardiograms and measurements of N-terminal pro-brain
natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were prospectively performed
in 211 patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction
who were followed for a median of 4 years. Echocardiographic
variables and NT-proBNP were examined as predictors of
all-cause mortality in univariable and multivariable
proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Participants averaged
57 years old (SD 12 years) and had a mean left ventricular
ejection fraction of 32% (SD 11%). A total of 71 patients
(34%) died during the follow-up period. N-terminal pro-brain
natriuretic peptide was a strong predictor of mortality (P <
.001) as were multiple echocardiographic measures. In models
that included age and NT-proBNP, with other clinical
variables eligible for entry by stepwise selection,
significant predictors of death included left ventricular
ejection fraction (P = .013) and end-diastolic volume (P <
.001), left atrial volume index (P = .005), right atrial
volume index (P = .003), and tricuspid regurgitation area (P
= .015). In models that also included left ventricular
ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume of the left
ventricle (P = .019), left atrial volume (P = .026), and
right atrial volume (P = .020) remained significant
predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular size
and function and left atrial and right atrial sizes are
significant predictors of all-cause mortality in patients
with heart failure, independent of NT-proBNP levels and
other clinical variables.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2008.07.022},
Key = {fds270653}
}
@article{fds270652,
Author = {Phillips-Bute, B and Mathew, JP and Blumenthal, JA and Morris, RW and Podgoreanu, MV and Smith, M and Stafford-Smith, M and Grocott, HP and Schwinn, DA and Newman, MF and Perioperative Genetics and Safety
Outcomes Investigative Team},
Title = {Relationship of genetic variability and depressive symptoms
to adverse events after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {70},
Number = {9},
Pages = {953-959},
Year = {2008},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19005081},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess genetic variability in two
serotonin-related gene polymorphisms (MAOA-uVNTR and
5HTTLPR) and their relationships to depression and adverse
cardiac events in a sample of patients undergoing coronary
artery bypass surgery. METHODS: A total of 427 coronary
artery bypass graft (CABG) patients were genotyped for two
polymorphisms and assessed for depressive symptoms at three
time points, in accordance with the Center for
Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D): preoperative
baseline; 6 months postoperative; and 1 year postoperative.
Logistic regression was used to assess the association
between depressive symptoms (CES-D = >16), genotype
differences, and cardiac events. Because MAOA-uVNTR is
sex-linked, males and females were analyzed separately for
this polymorphism; sexes were combined for the 5HTTLPR
analysis. RESULTS: Depressed patients were more likely than
nondepressed patients to have a new cardiac event within 2
years of surgery (p < .0001); depressed patients who carry
the long (L) allele of the 5HTTLPR polymorphism were more
likely than the short/short (S/S carriers to have an event
(p = .0002). Genetic associations with 6-month and 1-year
postoperative depressive symptoms do not survive adjustment
for baseline depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: A
serotonin-related gene polymorphism--5HTTLPR--was associated
with adverse cardiac events post CABG, in combination with
depressive symptoms. Because depressed patients with the L
allele of the 5HTTLPR polymorphism were more likely to have
an event compared with the S/S carriers, combining genetic
and psychiatric profiling may prove useful in identifying
patients at the highest risk for adverse outcomes post
CABG.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e318187aee6},
Key = {fds270652}
}
@article{fds270651,
Author = {Lichtman, JH and Bigger, JT and Blumenthal, JA and Frasure-Smith, N and Kaufmann, PG and Lespérance, F and Mark, DB and Sheps, DS and Taylor,
CB and Froelicher, ES and American Heart Association Prevention
Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, and American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology, and American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and American Heart Association Interdisciplinary
Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research, and American
Psychiatric Association},
Title = {Depression and coronary heart disease: recommendations for
screening, referral, and treatment: a science advisory from
the American Heart Association Prevention Committee of the
Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical
Cardiology, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and
Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes
Research: endorsed by the American Psychiatric
Association.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {118},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1768-1775},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18824640},
Abstract = {Depression is commonly present in patients with coronary
heart disease (CHD) and is independently associated with
increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Screening
tests for depressive symptoms should be applied to identify
patients who may require further assessment and treatment.
This multispecialty consensus document reviews the evidence
linking depression with CHD and provides recommendations for
healthcare providers for the assessment, referral, and
treatment of depression.},
Doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190769},
Key = {fds270651}
}
@article{fds270649,
Author = {Shelby, RA and Somers, TJ and Keefe, FJ and Pells, JJ and Dixon, KE and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Domain specific self-efficacy mediates the impact of pain
catastrophizing on pain and disability in overweight and
obese osteoarthritis patients.},
Journal = {J Pain},
Volume = {9},
Number = {10},
Pages = {912-919},
Year = {2008},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18602871},
Abstract = {UNLABELLED: This study examined whether self-efficacy
mediated the relationship between pain catastrophizing and
pain and disability. Participants were 192 individuals
diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knees who were
overweight or obese. Multiple mediator analyses were
conducted to simultaneously test self-efficacy for pain
control, physical function, and emotional symptoms as
mediators while controlling for demographic and medical
status variables. Higher pain catastrophizing was associated
with lower self-efficacy in all 3 domains (Ps < .05).
Self-efficacy for pain control fully mediated the
relationship between pain catastrophizing and pain (beta =
.08, Sobel test Z = 1.97, P < .05). The relationship between
pain catastrophizing and physical disability was fully
mediated by self-efficacy for physical function (beta = .06,
Sobel test Z = 1.95, P = .05). Self-efficacy for emotional
symptoms partially mediated the relationship between pain
catastrophizing and psychological disability (beta = .12,
Sobel test Z = 2.92, P < .05). These results indicate that
higher pain catastrophizing contributed to greater pain and
disability via lower domain-specific self-efficacy. Efforts
to reduce pain and improve functioning in OA patients should
consider addressing pain catastrophizing and domain specific
self-efficacy. Pain catastrophizing may be addressed through
cognitive therapy techniques and self-efficacy may be
enhanced through practice of relevant skills and personal
accomplishments. PERSPECTIVE: This study found that higher
pain catastrophizing contributed to greater pain and
disability via domain specific self-efficacy. These results
suggest that treatment efforts to reduce pain and improve
functioning in OA patients who are overweight or obese
should consider addressing both pain catastrophizing and
self-efficacy.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpain.2008.05.008},
Key = {fds270649}
}
@article{fds270650,
Author = {Carney, RM and Steinmeyer, B and Freedland, KE and Blumenthal, JA and Stein, PK and Steinhoff, WA and Howells, WB and Berkman, LF and Watkins,
LL and Czajkowski, SM and Domitrovich, PP and Burg, MM and Hayano, J and Jaffe, AS},
Title = {Nighttime heart rate and survival in depressed patients post
acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {70},
Number = {7},
Pages = {757-763},
Year = {2008},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181835ca3},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine if: 1) depressed patients with a
recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher
nighttime heart rate (HR) than nondepressed patients, and 2)
elevated nighttime HR is associated with decreased survival
post AMI. Depression is a risk factor for mortality post
AMI. It is also associated with sleep disturbances and with
elevated HR, which may be more pronounced at night. Resting
and 24-hour HR have been found to predict mortality in
patient and community samples. METHODS: Ambulatory
electrocardiographic data were obtained from 333 depressed
patients and 383 nondepressed patients with recent AMI. They
were followed for up to 30 months (median = 24 months).
RESULTS: Depressed patients had higher nighttime HR (70.7
+/- 0.7 versus 67.7 +/- 0.6 beats per minute (bpm); p =
.001), and daytime HR (76.4 +/- 0.7 versus 74.2 +/- 0.6 bpm;
p = .02) than nondepressed patients, even after adjusting
for potential confounds. Depression (hazard ratio (Haz R) =
2.19; p = .02) and nighttime HR (Haz R = 1.03; p = .004),
but not daytime HR, predicted survival after adjusting for
other major predictors and for each other. The interaction
between nighttime HR and depression on survival approached,
but did not achieve, significance (p = .08). CONCLUSIONS:
Mean day and nighttime HR values are higher in depressed
patients than in nondepressed patients post AMI. Depression
and elevated nighttime HR, but not daytime HR, are
independent predictors of survival in these patients.
Although depressed patients have a higher nighttime HR than
nondepressed patients, nighttime HR predicts mortality in
both depressed and nondepressed patients.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181835ca3},
Key = {fds270650}
}
@article{fds270693,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Smith, PJ and Rogers,
SD and Doraiswamy, PM and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Exercise fails to improve neurocognition in depressed
middle-aged and older adults.},
Journal = {Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {40},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1344-1352},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18580416},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Although cross-sectional studies have demonstrated
an association between higher levels of aerobic fitness and
improved neurocognitive function, there have been relatively
few interventional studies investigating this relationship,
and results have been inconsistent. We assessed the effects
of aerobic exercise on neurocognitive function in a
randomized controlled trial of patients with major
depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Two-hundred and two
sedentary men (n = 49) and women (n = 153), aged 40 yr and
over and who met diagnostic criteria for MDD, were randomly
assigned to the following: a) supervised exercise, b)
home-based exercise, c) sertraline, or d) placebo pill.
Before and after 4 months of treatment, participants
completed measures of: Executive Function (Trail Making Test
B-A difference score, Stroop Color-Word, Ruff 2 & 7 Test,
Digit Symbol), Verbal Memory (Logical Memory, Verbal Paired
Associates), and Verbal Fluency/Working Memory (Animal
Naming, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Digit Span).
Multivariate analyses of covariance were performed to test
the effects of treatment on posttreatment neuropsychological
test scores, with baseline neuropsychological test scores,
age, education, and change in depression scores entered as
covariates. RESULTS: The performance of exercise
participants was no better than participants receiving
placebo across all neuropsychological tests. Exercise
participants performed better than participants receiving
sertraline on tests of executive function but not on tests
of verbal memory or verbal fluency/working memory.
CONCLUSIONS: We found little evidence to support the
benefits of an aerobic exercise intervention on
neurocognitive performance in patients with
MDD.},
Doi = {10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816b877c},
Key = {fds270693}
}
@article{fds270695,
Author = {Martinu, T and Babyak, MA and O'Connell, CF and Carney, RM and Trulock,
EP and Davis, RD and Blumenthal, JA and Palmer, SM and INSPIRE
Investigators},
Title = {Baseline 6-min walk distance predicts survival in lung
transplant candidates.},
Journal = {Am J Transplant},
Volume = {8},
Number = {7},
Pages = {1498-1505},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18510641},
Abstract = {In a large, prospectively followed, two-center cohort of
patients listed for lung transplantation (n = 376), we used
Cox proportional hazards models to determine the importance
of baseline 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in predicting patient
survival. 6MWD used as a continuous variable was a
significant predictor of survival after adjusting for other
important covariates when transplant was considered as a
time-varying covariate (HR for each 500 ft increase in 6MWD
= 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43-0.77, p = 0.0002). 6MWD remained an
important predictor of survival in models that considered
only survival to transplant (HR for each 500 ft increase in
6MWD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.27-0.62, p < 0.0001) or survival only
after transplant (HR for each 500 ft increase in 6MWD =
0.40, 95% CI: 0.22-0.72, p = 0.002). Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier
analysis demonstrates significantly different survival by
6MWD tertiles (<900, 900-1200, or >1200 ft, p-value =
0.0001). In the overall model, 6MWD prediction of survival
was relatively homogeneous across disease category (6MWD by
disease interaction term, p-value = 0.63). Our results
demonstrate a significant relationship between baseline 6MWD
and survival among patients listed for lung transplantation
that exists across all native disease categories and extends
through transplantation. The 6MWD is thus a useful measure
of both urgency and utility among patients awaiting lung
transplantation.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02264.x},
Key = {fds270695}
}
@article{fds270696,
Author = {Taylor, JL and Smith, PJ and Babyak, MA and Barbour, KA and Hoffman, BM and Sebring, DL and Davis, RD and Palmer, SM and Keefe, FJ and Carney, RM and Csik, I and Freedland, KE and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Coping and quality of life in patients awaiting lung
transplantation.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {71-79},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18582615},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Patients with end-stage lung disease (ESLD)
experience significant decrements in quality of life (QOL).
Although coping strategies are related to QOL in patients
with ESLD, the extent to which specific native lung disease
moderates this relationship is unknown. METHODS: We
investigated the relationship between coping, native lung
disease, and QOL among 187 patients awaiting lung
transplantation, including 139 patients with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 48 with cystic
fibrosis (CF). Participants completed a psychosocial battery
assessing psychological QOL, physical QOL, and coping
strategies. RESULTS: For both COPD and CF patients, higher
levels of Active Coping (P< .0001) and lower levels of
Disengagement (P< .0001) were associated with better
psychological QOL. For physical QOL, we observed a Native
Disease x Coping interaction (P=.01) such that Active Coping
was associated with better physical QOL in patients with
COPD but not in patients with CF. CONCLUSIONS: The
relationship between coping and QOL may vary as a function
of native lung disease. Patients' native disease may need to
be considered in order to develop effective interventions to
help patients cope successfully with ESLD.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.04.009},
Key = {fds270696}
}
@article{fds270799,
Author = {Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Steinmeyer, B and Blumenthal, JA and Berkman, LF and Watkins, LL and Czajkowski, SM and Burg, MM and Jaffe,
AS},
Title = {Depression and five year survival following acute myocardial
infarction: a prospective study.},
Journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {133-138},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0165-0327},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18191208},
Abstract = {Depression has been shown to be a risk factor for mortality
during the 12 months following an acute myocardial
infarction (MI), but few studies have examined whether it is
associated with increased risk over longer periods. Most of
the existing studies utilized depression questionnaires
rather than diagnostic interviews, the gold standard for
clinical depression diagnosis. The purpose of this study was
to determine whether interview-diagnosed clinical depression
affects survival for at least 5 years after an acute MI.
Vital status was determined for 163 patients with major
depression, 195 with minor depression or dysthymia, and 408
nondepressed patients, during a median follow-up period of
60 months after an acute MI. Survival analysis was used to
model time from the index MI to death. There were 106 deaths
during the follow-up. After adjusting for other risk factors
for mortality, patients with either major or minor
depression (HR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.60), major depression
alone (HR=1.87; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.98), or minor depression
alone (HR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.64) were at higher risk
for all-cause mortality compared to the nondepressed
patients. Depression is an independent risk factor for death
5 years after an acute MI. Even minor depression is
associated with an increased risk. Although it is not known
whether treating depression can improve survival, patients
with depression should be recognized as being at increased
risk long after their acute MI.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.005},
Key = {fds270799}
}
@article{fds270800,
Author = {Pells, JJ and Shelby, RA and Keefe, FJ and Dixon, KE and Blumenthal, JA and LaCaille, L and Tucker, JM and Schmitt, D and Caldwell, DS and Kraus,
VB},
Title = {Arthritis self-efficacy and self-efficacy for resisting
eating: relationships to pain, disability, and eating
behavior in overweight and obese individuals with
osteoarthritic knee pain.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {136},
Number = {3},
Pages = {340-347},
Year = {2008},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1872-6623},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17764844},
Keywords = {Arthralgia • Comorbidity • Disability Evaluation
• Employment • Feeding Behavior* • Female
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged • North
Carolina • Obesity • Osteoarthritis, Knee •
Overweight • Prevalence • Prognosis • Risk
Assessment • Self Efficacy* • epidemiology •
epidemiology* • methods* • prevention & control
• statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {This study examined arthritis self-efficacy and
self-efficacy for resisting eating as predictors of pain,
disability, and eating behaviors in overweight or obese
patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Patients
(N=174) with a body mass index between 25 and 42 completed
measures of arthritis-related self-efficacy, weight-related
self-efficacy, pain, physical disability, psychological
disability, overeating, and demographic and medical
information. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were
conducted to examine whether arthritis self-efficacy
(efficacy for pain control, physical function, and other
symptoms) and self-efficacy for resisting eating accounted
for significant variance in pain, disability, and eating
behaviors after controlling for demographic and medical
characteristics. Analyses also tested whether the
contributions of self-efficacy were domain specific. Results
showed that self-efficacy for pain accounted for 14% (p=.01)
of the variance in pain, compared to only 3% accounted for
by self-efficacy for physical function and other symptoms.
Self-efficacy for physical function accounted for 10%
(p=.001) of the variance in physical disability, while
self-efficacy for pain and other symptoms accounted for 3%.
Self-efficacy for other (emotional) symptoms and resisting
eating accounted for 21% (p<.05) of the variance in
psychological disability, while self-efficacy for pain
control and physical function were not significant
predictors. Self-efficacy for resisting eating accounted for
28% (p=.001) of the variance in eating behaviors. Findings
indicate that self-efficacy is important in understanding
pain and behavioral adjustment in overweight or obese OA
patients. Moreover, the contributions of self-efficacy were
domain specific. Interventions targeting both arthritis
self-efficacy and self-efficacy for resisting eating may be
helpful in this population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pain.2007.07.012},
Key = {fds270800}
}
@article{fds270648,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Depression and coronary heart disease: association and
implications for treatment.},
Journal = {Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {75 Suppl 2},
Pages = {S48-S53},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0891-1150},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18540147},
Abstract = {Growing evidence indicates that depression is an important
primary and secondary risk factor for coronary heart disease
(CHD). Depression is quite common among patients with CHD:
prevalence estimates are 14% or higher, and an additional
20% of patients have subclinical or minor depression. This
review summarizes evidence that depression is a risk factor
for cardiac events in patients with established CHD,
suggests potential mechanisms underlying the relationship
between depression and adverse cardiac outcomes, and
provides evidence for the efficacy of exercise in improving
both depression and clinical outcomes in depressed patients
with CHD.},
Doi = {10.3949/ccjm.75.suppl_2.s48},
Key = {fds270648}
}
@article{fds270801,
Author = {Trivedi, R and Sherwood, A and Strauman, TJ and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Laboratory-based blood pressure recovery is a predictor of
ambulatory blood pressure.},
Journal = {Biological Psychology},
Volume = {77},
Number = {3},
Pages = {317-323},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0301-0511},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096293},
Abstract = {The recovery phase of the stress response is an individual
difference characteristic that may predict cardiovascular
risk. The purpose of this study was to examine whether
laboratory-based blood pressure (BP) recovery predicts
ambulatory BP (ABP). One hundred and eighty-two participants
underwent a standard laboratory stress protocol, involving a
20-min baseline rest period, and four stressors presented in
a counterbalanced order, each followed by a 10-min recovery
period. Participants also wore an ABP monitor for 24h during
a typical workday. Hierarchical regression analyses showed
that BP recovery accounted for significant additional
variance for daytime SBP (p<0.001), nighttime SBP (p<0.001),
daytime DBP (p<0.001), and nighttime DBP (p<0.001), after
controlling for baseline and reactivity BP. Results suggest
that persistence of the BP response following stress may be
a more salient characteristic of the stress response in
understanding its potential impact on longer term
cardiovascular regulation.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.004},
Key = {fds270801}
}
@article{fds270694,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy, PM and Hoffman, BM},
Title = {Response to letters to the editor [3]},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {70},
Number = {2},
Pages = {264-265},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000311332.34779.56},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000311332.34779.56},
Key = {fds270694}
}
@article{fds270756,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Catellier, DJ and Carney,
RM and Berkman, LF and Burg, MM and Mitchell, P and Jaffe, AS and Schneiderman, N},
Title = {In Response},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {2008},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000252604800002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Replies to comments by B. D. Thombs on the original article
by H. S. Lett et al on social support and prognosis in
patients at increased psychosocial risk following myocardial
infarction. Lett et al agree that there is no "gold
standard" for how to best assess social support but disagree
with the premises that we should not screen what we cannot
treat and that low social support is not modifiable. They
believe that the limited time and mental health resources
busy cardiology practices have to devote to psychosocial
assessment is not a legitimate reason not to assess for risk
factors and comorbidities such as depression and low social
support. They indicate that there is now compelling evidence
for the prognostic importance of both depression and low
social support. Currently, organizations such as the
American Heart Association and the American College of
Cardiology recognize this clinical need and are working with
psychologists and other mental health professionals to
develop clinical guidelines for assessing and treating
depression and determining when to refer patients for more
formal assessment and treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record
(c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved).},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.1b},
Key = {fds270756}
}
@article{fds270802,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Catellier, DJ and Carney,
RM and Berkman, LF and Burg, MM and Mitchell, P and Jaffe, AS and Schneiderman, N},
Title = {Response: Perceived social support predicts outcomes
following myocardial infarction: A call for
screening?},
Journal = {Health Psychology},
Volume = {27},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-3},
Year = {2008},
Key = {fds270802}
}
@article{fds316055,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Doraiswamy, M and Hoffman, B and Hinderliter, A and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {CEREBROVASCULAR RISK FACTORS, VASCULAR FUNCTIONING, AND
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOMES AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH MAJOR
DEPRESSION},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {S100-S100},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261185300390&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316055}
}
@article{fds316063,
Author = {Taylor, JL and Smith, PJ and Babyak, MA and Barbour, KA and Hoffman, BM and Sebring, DL and Davis, D and Palmer, SM and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {GENDER AND NATIVE DISEASE MODERATE THE RELATION BETWEEN
COPING AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS AWAITING LUNG
TRANSPLANT},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {S59-S59},
Publisher = {SPRINGER},
Year = {2007},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000261185300228&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316063}
}
@article{fds270806,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Georgiades, A and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on depressive symptoms
among men and women with hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {63},
Number = {5},
Pages = {463-469},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17980217},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate changes in
depressive symptoms in hypertensive individuals
participating in an exercise and weight loss intervention.
METHODS: This study involved 133 sedentary men and women
with high blood pressure (BP; 130-180 mmHg systolic BP
and/or 85-110 mmHg diastolic BP) who participated in a
6-month intervention consisting of three groups: aerobic
exercise, aerobic exercise and weight loss, and a waiting
list control. RESULTS: Participants in both treatment groups
demonstrated significant improvements in aerobic capacity
and lower BP compared with participants in the control
group. Participants in the active treatment groups who had
mild to moderate depressive symptoms at baseline also
exhibited greater reductions in depressive symptoms compared
with participants in the control group. CONCLUSION: Results
from the present study suggest that exercise, alone or
combined with weight management, may reduce self-reported
depressive symptoms among patients with hypertension.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.05.011},
Key = {fds270806}
}
@article{fds270691,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Ironson, G and Thoresen, C and Powell,
L and Czajkowski, S and Burg, M and Keefe, FJ and Steffen, P and Catellier,
D},
Title = {Spirituality, religion, and clinical outcomes in patients
recovering from an acute myocardial infarction
(Psychosomatic Medicine (2007) 69, (501-508))},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {69},
Number = {8},
Pages = {826},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815adb80},
Keywords = {Depressive Disorder • Female • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • Mortality • Myocardial
Infarction • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Recurrence • Religion • Risk • Social
Support* • Spirituality* • Treatment Outcome
• United States • complications* •
epidemiology • psychology* • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the prospective relationship between
spiritual experiences and health in a sample of patients
surviving an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with
depression or low social support. METHODS: A subset of 503
patients participating in the enhancing recovery in coronary
heart disease (ENRICHD) trial completed a Daily Spiritual
Experiences (DSE) questionnaire within 28 days from the time
of their AMI. The questionnaire assessed three spirituality
variables-worship service/church attendance,
prayer/meditation, and total DSE score. Patients also
completed the Beck Depression Inventory to assess depressive
symptoms and the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory to
determine perceived social support. The sample was
subsequently followed prospectively every 6 months for an
average of 18 months to assess all-cause mortality and
recurrent AMI. RESULTS: Of the 503 participants who
completed the DSE questionnaire at the time of index AMI, 61
(12%) participants either died or sustained a recurrent MI
during the follow-up period. After adjustment for gender,
education level, ethnicity, and a composite medical
prognosis risk score derived specifically for the ENRICHD
trial, we observed no relationship between death or nonfatal
AMI and total spirituality as measured by the DSE (p =
.446), worship service attendance (p = .120), or frequency
of prayer/meditation (p = .679). CONCLUSIONS: We found
little evidence that self-reported spirituality, frequency
of church attendance, or frequency of prayer is associated
with cardiac morbidity or all-cause mortality post AMI in
patients with depression and/or low perceived
support.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815adb80},
Key = {fds270691}
}
@article{fds270805,
Author = {Mathew, JP and Mackensen, GB and Phillips-Bute, B and Stafford-Smith,
M and Podgoreanu, MV and Grocott, HP and Hill, SE and Smith, PK and Blumenthal, JA and Reves, JG and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome
Research Group (NORG) of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Effects of extreme hemodilution during cardiac surgery on
cognitive function in the elderly.},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {107},
Number = {4},
Pages = {577-584},
Year = {2007},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-3022},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17893453},
Keywords = {Aged • Anesthesia, General • Blood Transfusion
• Cardiac Surgical Procedures • Cognition •
Cognition Disorders • Female • Hematocrit •
Hemodilution • Humans • Logistic Models •
Male • Treatment Outcome • adverse effects •
drug effects • etiology • physiology* •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Strategies for neuroprotection including
hypothermia and hemodilution have been routinely practiced
since the inception of cardiopulmonary bypass. Yet
postoperative neurocognitive deficits that diminish the
quality of life of cardiac surgery patients are frequent.
Because there is uncertainty regarding the impact of
hemodilution on perioperative organ function, the authors
hypothesized that extreme hemodilution during cardiac
surgery would increase the frequency and severity of
postoperative neurocognitive deficits. METHODS: Patients
undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery were
randomly assigned to either moderate hemodilution
(hematocrit on cardiopulmonary bypass >or=27%) or profound
hemodilution (hematocrit on cardiopulmonary bypass of
15-18%). Cognitive function was measured preoperatively and
6 weeks postoperatively. The effect of hemodilution on
postoperative cognition was tested using multivariable
modeling accounting for age, years of education, and
baseline levels of cognition. RESULTS: After randomization
of 108 patients, the trial was terminated by the Data Safety
and Monitoring Board due to the significant occurrence of
adverse events, which primarily involved pulmonary
complications in the moderate hemodilution group.
Multivariable analysis revealed an interaction between
hemodilution and age wherein older patients in the profound
hemodilution group experienced greater neurocognitive
decline (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective,
randomized study of hemodilution during cardiac surgery with
cardiopulmonary bypass in adults, the authors report an
early termination of the study because of an increase in
adverse events. They also observed greater neurocognitive
impairment among older patients receiving extreme
hemodilution.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.anes.0000281896.07256.71},
Key = {fds270805}
}
@article{fds270812,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Bower, JK and McFetridge-Durdle, J and Blumenthal,
JA and Newby, LK and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Age moderates the short-term effects of transdermal
17beta-estradiol on endothelium-dependent vascular function
in postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol},
Volume = {27},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1782-1787},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17541023},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We evaluated age and coronary heart disease (CHD)
as potential moderators of the effects of 17beta-estradiol
on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women.
METHODS AND RESULTS: In a double-blind crossover design, 100
postmenopausal women aged 50 to 80 years were randomized to
each of 3 transdermal patches, releasing 17beta-estradiol
(0.05 mg/d), 17beta-estradiol (0.05 mg/d) + norethindrone
acetate (NETA, 0.14 mg/d), and placebo. Flow-mediated
dilation (FMD) and response to 400 microg sublingual
glyceryl trinitrate (GTN-D) were assessed approximately 18
hours after patch placement. Age, but not CHD, moderated the
FMD response to treatment (P=0.01). For women in their
fifties, the estradiol patch was associated with improved
FMD (7.69+/-4.79%) compared with placebo (4.81+/-5.97%,
P<0.05), but the estradiol+norethindrone patch response
(5.81+/-4.85%) was not significantly different from placebo.
Women in their sixties and seventies showed no alterations
in FMD response to either active patch. GTN-D response
declined with advancing age (P<0.01), with women in their
seventies exhibiting blunted GTN-D response compared with
younger women. CONCLUSIONS: The cardiovascular benefits of
natural estrogen supplementation on vascular endothelial
function may be dependent on postmenopausal age, with
improved vascular function evident only in the early
postmenopausal years. Short-term FMD response to estradiol
might help stratify individual differences in risks versus
benefits of HRT.},
Doi = {10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.145383},
Key = {fds270812}
}
@article{fds270811,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Catellier, DJ and Carney,
RM and Berkman, LF and Burg, MM and Mitchell, P and Jaffe, AS and Schneiderman, N},
Title = {Social support and prognosis in patients at increased
psychosocial risk recovering from myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-427},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17605561},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of network support and
different types of perceived functional support on all-cause
mortality or nonfatal reinfarction for patients with a
recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). DESIGN:
Participants were recruited from the Enhancing Recovery in
Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) trial; 2,481 AMI patients
with depression or low social support were randomized to a
cognitive-behavioral intervention or to a usual care control
group. Data collection for certain measures of social
support was limited: 2,466 participants completed the
ENRICHD Social Support Inventory; 2,457 completed the
Perceived Social Support Scale; 1,296 completed the Social
Network Questionnaire; and 707 completed the Interpersonal
Support and Evaluation List, Tangible Support subscale.
Patients also completed the Beck Depression Inventory and
were followed for up to 4.5 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
Time to death or nonfatal reinfarction. RESULTS: Over the
follow-up period, 599 patients (24%) died or had a nonfatal
AMI. Survival models controlling age, sex, race,
socioeconomic status, smoking, antidepressant use, and a
composite measure of increased risk revealed that higher
levels of perceived social support were associated with
improved outcome for patients without elevated depression
but not for patients with high levels of depression. Neither
perceived tangible support nor network support were
associated with more frequent adverse events. CONCLUSION:
AMI patients should be assessed for multiple dimensions of
perceived functional support and depression to identify
those at increased psychosocial risk who may benefit from
treatment.},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.418},
Key = {fds270811}
}
@article{fds270814,
Author = {Mathew, JP and Podgoreanu, MV and Grocott, HP and White, WD and Morris,
RW and Stafford-Smith, M and Mackensen, GB and Rinder, CS and Blumenthal, JA and Schwinn, DA and Newman, MF and PEGASUS
Investigative Team},
Title = {Genetic variants in P-selectin and C-reactive protein
influence susceptibility to cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {49},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1934-1942},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17498578},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that candidate gene
polymorphisms in biologic pathways regulating inflammation,
cell matrix adhesion/interaction, coagulation-thrombosis,
lipid metabolism, and vascular reactivity are associated
with postoperative cognitive deficit (POCD). BACKGROUND:
Cognitive decline is a common complication of coronary
artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is associated with a
reduced quality of life. METHODS: In a prospective cohort
study of 513 patients (86% European American) undergoing
CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, a panel of 37
single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was genotyped by mass
spectrometry. Association between these SNPs and cognitive
deficit at 6 weeks after surgery was tested using multiple
logistic regression accounting for age, level of education,
baseline cognition, and population structure. Permutation
analysis was used to account for multiple testing. RESULTS:
We found that minor alleles of the CRP 1059G/C SNP (odds
ratio [OR] 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16 to 0.78;
p = 0.013) and the SELP 1087G/A SNP (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to
0.85; p = 0.011) were associated with a reduction in
cognitive deficit in European Americans (n = 443). The
absolute risk reduction in the observed incidence of POCD
was 20.6% for carriers of the CRP 1059C allele and 15.2% for
carriers of the SELP 1087A allele. Perioperative serum
C-reactive protein (CRP) and degree of platelet activation
were also significantly lower in patients with a copy of the
minor alleles, providing biologic support for the observed
allelic association. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a
contribution of P-selectin and CRP genes in modulating
susceptibility to cognitive decline after cardiac surgery,
with potential implications for identifying populations at
risk who might benefit from targeted perioperative
antiinflammatory strategies.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.080},
Key = {fds270814}
}
@article{fds270815,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Trivedi, R and Johnson, KS and O'Connor, CM and Adams, KF and Dupree, CS and Waugh, RA and Bensimhon,
DR and Gaulden, L and Christenson, RH and Koch, GG and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Relationship of depression to death or hospitalization in
patients with heart failure.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {167},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-373},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17325298},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is widely recognized as a risk factor
in patients with coronary heart disease. However, patients
with heart failure (HF) have been less frequently studied,
and the effect of depression on prognosis, independent of
disease severity, is uncertain. METHODS: Two hundred four
outpatients having a diagnosis of HF, with a ventricular
ejection fraction of 40% or less, underwent baseline
assessments including evaluation of depressive symptoms
using the Beck Depression Inventory and of HF severity
determined by plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic
peptide. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were
used to examine the effects of depressive symptoms on a
combined primary end point of death and hospitalizations
because of cardiovascular disease (hereafter referred to as
cardiovascular hospitalization) during a median follow-up of
3 years. RESULTS: Symptoms of depression (Beck Depression
Inventory score) were associated with risk of death or
cardiovascular hospitalization (P<.001) after controlling
for established risk factors including HF disease severity,
ejection fraction, HF etiology, age, and medications.
Clinically significant symptoms of depression (Beck
Depression Inventory score >/=10) were associated with a
hazard ratio of 1.56 (95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.29)
for the combined end point of death or cardiovascular
hospitalization. Contrary to our expectation, antidepressant
medication use was associated with increased likelihood of
death or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.75;
95% confidence interval,1.14-2.68, P =.01) after controlling
for severity of depressive symptoms and for established risk
factors. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms of depression were associated
with an adverse prognosis in patients with HF after
controlling for HF severity. The unexpected association of
antidepressant medications with worse clinical outcome
suggests that patients with HF requiring an antidepressant
medication may need to be monitored more
closely.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.167.4.367},
Key = {fds270815}
}
@article{fds270816,
Author = {Whellan, DJ and O'Connor, CM and Lee, KL and Keteyian, SJ and Cooper,
LS and Ellis, SJ and Leifer, ES and Kraus, WE and Kitzman, DW and Blumenthal, JA and Rendall, DS and Houston-Miller, N and Fleg, JL and Schulman, KA and Piña, IL and HF-ACTION Trial
Investigators},
Title = {Heart failure and a controlled trial investigating outcomes
of exercise training (HF-ACTION): design and
rationale.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {153},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-211},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17239677},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although there are limited clinical data to
support the use of exercise training as a means to reduce
mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure,
current guidelines state that exercise is beneficial. TRIAL
DESIGN: The objective of this trial is to determine whether
exercise training reduces all-cause mortality or all-cause
hospitalization for patients with left ventricular systolic
dysfunction and heart failure symptoms. After undergoing
baseline assessments to determine whether they can safely
exercise, patients are randomized to either usual care or
exercise training. Patients in the exercise training arm
attend 36 supervised facility-based exercise training
sessions. Exercise modalities are cycling or walking. After
completing 18 sessions, patients initiate home-based
exercise and then transition to solely home-based exercise
after completing all 36 sessions. Patients return for
facility-based training every 3 months to reinforce their
exercise training program. Patients are followed for up to 4
years. Physiologic, quality-of-life, and economic end points
that characterize the effect of exercise training in this
patient population will be measured at baseline and at
intervals throughout the trial. Blood samples will be
collected to examine biomarkers such as brain natriuretic
peptide, tumor necrosis factor, and C-reactive protein.
CONCLUSIONS: Because of its relatively low cost, high
availability, and ease of use, exercise training is an
intervention that could be accessible to most patients with
heart failure. The HF-ACTION trial is designed to
definitively assess the effect of exercise training on the
clinically relevant end points of mortality,
hospitalization, and quality of life in patients with heart
failure.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2006.11.007},
Key = {fds270816}
}
@article{fds270616,
Author = {Khatri, P and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise},
Pages = {983-986},
Publisher = {Elsevier},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-012373947-6.00153-7},
Abstract = {Regular physical exercise improves muscle strength and
cardiorespiratory endurance. In addition, exercise reduces
symptoms of depression and anxiety, attenuates
cardiovascular and neurohumoral stress responses, and may
also improve neurocognition. A number of plausible
psychological and physiological mechanisms responsible for
the mental health benefits of exercise are discussed. ©
2007 Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights
reserved.},
Doi = {10.1016/B978-012373947-6.00153-7},
Key = {fds270616}
}
@article{fds270810,
Author = {Carney, RM and Howells, WB and Blumenthal, JA and Freedland, KE and Stein, PK and Berkman, LF and Watkins, LL and Czajkowski, SM and Steinmeyer, B and Hayano, J and Domitrovich, PP and Burg, MM and Jaffe,
AS},
Title = {Heart rate turbulence, depression, and survival after acute
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-9},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17167127},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression is a risk factor for mortality after
acute myocardial infarction (AMI), possibly as a result of
altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation of heart
rate (HR) and rhythm. The purposes of this study were to
determine: a) whether depressed patients are more likely to
have an abnormal HR response (i.e., abnormal turbulence) to
premature ventricular contractions (VPCs), and b) whether
abnormal HR turbulence accounts for the effect of depression
on increased mortality after AMI. METHODS: Ambulatory
electrocardiographic data were obtained from 666 (316
depressed, 350 nondepressed) patients with a recent AMI; 498
had VPCs with measurable HR turbulence. Of these, 260 had
normal, 152 had equivocal, and 86 had abnormal HR
turbulence. Patients were followed for up to 30 (median =
24) months. RESULTS: Depressed patients were more likely to
have abnormal HR turbulence (risk factor adjusted odds ratio
= 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-3.0; p = .03) and
have worse survival (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.2-4.6; p =
.02) than nondepressed patients. When HR turbulence was
added to the model, the adjusted hazard ratio for depression
decreased to 1.9 (95% CI = 0.9-3.8; p = .08), and to 1.6
(95% CI = 0.8-3.4; p = .18) when a measure of HR variability
(LnVLF) was added. The hazard was found to differ over time
with depression posing little risk for mortality in year 1
but greater risk in years 2 and 3 of the follow up.
CONCLUSION: ANS dysregulation may partially mediate the
increased risk for mortality in depressed patients with
frequent VPCs after an AMI.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000249733.33811.00},
Key = {fds270810}
}
@article{fds270817,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Georgiades, A and Sherwood, A and Sketch, MH and Watkins, LL},
Title = {Ventricular ectopy: impact of self-reported stress after
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-139},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17174651},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although psychologic stress has been implicated
in the pathogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias, the
relationship between self-reported stress and ventricular
ectopy has not been evaluated under naturalistic conditions
in acute post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, a group
at elevated risk for arrhythmias. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Diary-reported stress was measured during 24-hour Holter
monitoring in 80 patients (52 men and 28 women)
approximately 12 weeks after their MI. In addition, state
and trait anxiety were measured using the Spielberger State
and Trait Anxiety Inventory, which was administered at the
beginning of the 24-hour Holter monitoring session. The
relationships between diary-reported stress, anxiety, and
ventricular ectopy were evaluated. RESULTS: Mean
diary-reported stress was associated with total ventricular
ectopy (beta = .29, P = .01). State anxiety was also
associated with 24-hour ectopy (beta = .24, P = .04);
however, trait anxiety was not significantly associated with
ectopy. Temporal analyses of the relationship between stress
and ectopy showed that diary-reported stress was associated
with an increase in the number of ventricular premature
beats occurring in the following hour (beta = .74, P <
.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings extend existing evidence
linking psychologic factors to ventricular arrhythmias by
demonstrating that psychologic stress predicts increased
arrhythmic activity during routine daily activities in
post-MI patients.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2006.10.016},
Key = {fds270817}
}
@article{fds70774,
Author = {Mathew, J.P. and Mackensen, G.B. and Phillips-Bute, B. and Stafford-Smith, M. and Podgoreanu, M.V. and Grocott, H.P. and Hill, S.E. and Smith, P.K. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Reves, J.G. and Newman, M.F. and for the Neurologic Outcome Research Group (NORG) of
the Duke Heart Center.},
Title = {Effects of extreme hemodilution during cardiac surgery on
cognitive function in the elderly.},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {107},
Number = {4},
Pages = {577-584},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds70774}
}
@article{fds143719,
Author = {Pells, J.J. and Shelby, R.A. and Keefe, F.K. and Dixon, K.E. and Blumenthal, J.A. and LaCaille, L. and Tucker, J.M. and Schmitt, D. and Caldwell, D.S. and Kraus, V.B.},
Title = {Arthritis self-efficacy and self-efficacy for resisting
eating: Relationships to pain, disability, and eating
behavior in overweight and obese individuals with
osteoarthritic knee pain},
Journal = {Pain},
Year = {2007},
Key = {fds143719}
}
@article{fds270777,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Psychosocial training and cardiac rehabilitation.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and
Prevention},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104-106},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1932-7501},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17558248},
Doi = {10.1097/01.HCR.0000265038.69898.b0},
Key = {fds270777}
}
@article{fds270803,
Author = {Barbour, KA and Edenfield, TM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise as a treatment for depression and other psychiatric
disorders: a review.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and
Prevention},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {359-367},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1932-7501},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18197069},
Abstract = {This article reviews evidence supporting exercise as a
treatment for psychiatric disorders. Although data from
randomized trials are limited, results of studies included
in this review generally support use of exercise as an
alternative or adjunctive treatment. Discussion of practical
issues regarding exercise, potential mechanisms for the
beneficial effects of exercise, and recommendations for
future research are provided.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.HCR.0000300262.69645.95},
Key = {fds270803}
}
@article{fds270804,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Rogers, SD and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy, PM and Watkins, L and Hoffman, BM and O'Connell, C and Johnson, JJ and Patidar, SM and Waugh, R and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Understanding prognostic benefits of exercise and
antidepressant therapy for persons with depression and heart
disease: the UPBEAT study--rationale, design, and
methodological issues.},
Journal = {Clinical Trials},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {548-559},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1740-7745},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17942470},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is relatively common in patients with
coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse
prognosis. Recently there has been interest in evaluating
the impact of treating depression on clinical outcomes.
Anti-depressant medications have been shown to be safe and
efficacious for many patients; exercise also may be
effective for treating depression and may also improve
cardiopulmonary functioning. However, methodological
limitations of previous studies have raised questions about
the value of exercise, and no study has compared the effects
of exercise with standard anti-depressant medication in
depressed cardiac patients. PURPOSE: UPBEAT is a randomized
clinical trial (RCT) funded by NHLBI to evaluate the effects
of sertraline or exercise compared to placebo on depression
and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in patients with CHD
and elevated depressive symptoms. METHODS: The UPBEAT study
includes 200 stable CHD patients with scores on the Beck
Depression Inventory (BDI) > or =9 randomized to 4 months of
treatment with aerobic exercise, sertraline, or placebo. The
primary outcomes include depressive symptoms determined by
clinical ratings on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression
(HAM-D) and measures of heart rate variability (HRV),
baroreflex control (BRC), vascular function (i.e.,
flow-mediated dilation (FMD)), and measures of inflammation
and platelet aggregation. RESULTS: This article reviews the
rationale and design of UPBEAT and addresses several key
methodologic issues that were carefully considered in the
development of this protocol: the use of a placebo control
condition in depressed cardiac patients, study design, and
selection of intermediate endpoints or biomarkers of
cardiovascular risk. LIMITATIONS: This study is not powered
to assess treatment group differences in CHD morbidity and
mortality. Intermediate endpoints are not equivalent to
'hard' clinical events and further studies are needed to
determine the clinical significance of these biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: The UPBEAT study is designed to assess the
efficacy of exercise in treating depression in cardiac
patients and evaluates the impact of treating depression on
important biomarkers of cardiovascular risk.},
Doi = {10.1177/1740774507083388},
Key = {fds270804}
}
@article{fds270807,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Doraiswamy, PM and Watkins, L and Hoffman, BM and Barbour, KA and Herman, S and Craighead, WE and Brosse,
AL and Waugh, R and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major
depressive disorder.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {69},
Number = {7},
Pages = {587-596},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17846259},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess whether patients receiving aerobic
exercise training performed either at home or in a
supervised group setting achieve reductions in depression
comparable to standard antidepressant medication
(sertraline) and greater reductions in depression compared
to placebo controls. METHODS: Between October 2000 and
November 2005, we performed a prospective, randomized
controlled trial (SMILE study) with allocation concealment
and blinded outcome assessment in a tertiary care teaching
hospital. A total of 202 adults (153 women; 49 men)
diagnosed with major depression were assigned randomly to
one of four conditions: supervised exercise in a group
setting; home-based exercise; antidepressant medication
(sertraline, 50-200 mg daily); or placebo pill for 16 weeks.
Patients underwent the structured clinical interview for
depression and completed the Hamilton Depression Rating
Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: After 4 months of treatment, 41% of
the participants achieved remission, defined as no longer
meeting the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) and
a HAM-D score of <8. Patients receiving active treatments
tended to have higher remission rates than the placebo
controls: supervised exercise = 45%; home-based exercise =
40%; medication = 47%; placebo = 31% (p = .057). All
treatment groups had lower HAM-D scores after treatment;
scores for the active treatment groups were not
significantly different from the placebo group (p = .23).
CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of exercise in patients seems
generally comparable with patients receiving antidepressant
medication and both tend to be better than the placebo in
patients with MDD. Placebo response rates were high,
suggesting that a considerable portion of the therapeutic
response is determined by patient expectations, ongoing
symptom monitoring, attention, and other nonspecific
factors.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e318148c19a},
Key = {fds270807}
}
@article{fds270808,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Hoffman, BM and Doraiswamy, PM and Waugh, R and Hinderliter, A and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Cerebrovascular risk factors, vascular disease, and
neuropsychological outcomes in adults with major
depression.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {69},
Number = {6},
Pages = {578-586},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17634564},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of
cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRFs), endothelial function,
carotid artery intima medial thickness (IMT), and
neuropsychological performance in a sample of 198
middle-aged and older individuals with major depressive
disorder (MDD). Neuropsychological deficits are common among
adults with MDD, particularly among those with CVRFs and
potentially persons with subclinical vascular disease.
METHODS: CVRFs were indexed by the Framingham Stroke Risk
Profile (FSRP) and serum cholesterol levels obtained by
medical history and physical examination. Patients completed
a neuropsychological test battery including measures of
executive functioning, working memory, and verbal recall.
Vascular function was indexed by carotid artery IMT and
brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD). Hierarchical
multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the
association between CVRFs, vascular disease, and
neurocognitive performance. RESULTS: Greater FSRP scores
were associated with poorer executive functioning (b =
-0.86; p = .041) and working memory (b = -0.90; p = .024).
Lower high-density lipoprotein levels also were associated
with poorer executive functioning (b = 1.03; p = .035).
Higher IMT (b = -0.83; p = .028) and lower FMD (b = 1.29; p
= .032) were associated with poorer executive functioning
after controlling for CVRFs. Lower FMD was also associated
with poorer working memory (b = 1.58; p = .015).
CONCLUSIONS: Greater CVRFs were associated with poorer
neuropsychological performance. Vascular dysfunction also
was associated with neuropsychological decrements
independent of traditional CVRFs.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31812f7b8e},
Key = {fds270808}
}
@article{fds270809,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Ironson, G and Thoresen, C and Powell,
L and Czajkowski, S and Burg, M and Keefe, FJ and Steffen, P and Catellier,
D and ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Spirituality, religion, and clinical outcomes in patients
recovering from an acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {69},
Number = {6},
Pages = {501-508},
Year = {2007},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17636153},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the prospective relationship between
spiritual experiences and health in a sample of patients
surviving an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with
depression or low social support. METHODS: A subset of 503
patients participating in the enhancing recovery in coronary
heart disease (ENRICHD) trial completed a Daily Spiritual
Experiences (DSE) questionnaire within 28 days from the time
of their AMI. The questionnaire assessed three spirituality
variables-worship service/church attendance,
prayer/meditation, and total DSE score. Patients also
completed the Beck Depression Inventory to assess depressive
symptoms and the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory to
determine perceived social support. The sample was
subsequently followed prospectively every 6 months for an
average of 18 months to assess all-cause mortality and
recurrent AMI. RESULTS: Of the 503 participants who
completed the DSE questionnaire at the time of index AMI, 61
(12%) participants either died or sustained a recurrent MI
during the follow-up period. After adjustment for gender,
education level, ethnicity, and a composite medical
prognosis risk score derived specifically for the ENRICHD
trial, we observed no relationship between death or nonfatal
AMI and total spirituality as measured by the DSE (p =
.446), worship service attendance (p = .120), or frequency
of prayer/meditation (p = .679). CONCLUSION: We found little
evidence that self-reported spirituality, frequency of
church attendance, or frequency of prayer is associated with
cardiac morbidity or all-cause mortality post AMI in
patients with depression and/or low perceived
support.},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e3180cab76c},
Key = {fds270809}
}
@article{fds270813,
Author = {Doraiswamy, PM and Babyak, MA and Hennig, T and Trivedi, R and White,
WD and Mathew, JP and Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Donepezil for cognitive decline following coronary artery
bypass surgery: a pilot randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology Bulletin},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {54-62},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0048-5764},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17514186},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of donepezil in treating
patients with cognitive decline following coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: Forty-four patients,
with at least a 0.5 SD decline at 1 year post-CABG on at
least one cognitive domain compared to their pre-CABG
baseline score, were randomized to treatment with donepezil
(titrated to 10 mg daily) or placebo in a 12-week
double-blind, single center, randomized study. A composite
cognitive change score served as the primary outcome.
Secondary outcome measures included tests of memory,
attention, psychomotor speed, and executive function.
RESULTS: The composite cognitive outcome did not show
significant treatment effects. Secondary measures varied in
their sensitivity to donepezil effects with the largest
effects seen on the Wechsler Visual Memory Scale-Delayed and
Immediate recall tests. More than twice (52% vs. 22%) as
many donepezil-treated patients showed a significant
improvement compared with placebo patients on Delayed
recall. Tests with weak effect sizes and minimal trends
favoring donepezil were the Boston Naming and Digit Symbol.
However, most of the other instruments (e.g., Digit Span,
Trails B, and Controlled Word Association) showed no
treatment benefits. More donepezil-treated than
placebo-treated patients experienced diarrhea, but other
adverse effects and safety measures did not differ between
groups. CONCLUSION: In the post-CABG mild cognitive decline
setting, donepezil did not improve composite cognitive
performance but improved some aspects of memory. Donepezil
was well tolerated and had no significant effects on EKG
parameters. Because of limitations such as small sample size
and multiplicity of tests, these findings are preliminary
but add to our knowledge of cholinergic effects in vascular
mild cognitive decline.},
Key = {fds270813}
}
@article{fds270821,
Author = {Newman, MF and Mathew, JP and Grocott, HP and Mackensen, GB and Monk, T and Welsh-Bohmer, KA and Blumenthal, JA and Laskowitz, DT and Mark,
DB},
Title = {Central nervous system injury associated with cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {368},
Number = {9536},
Pages = {694-703},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1474-547X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16920475},
Keywords = {Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass* •
Coronary Disease • Humans • Intraoperative
Complications • Quality of Life • Risk Factors
• Stroke • economics • epidemiology* •
etiology* • surgery*},
Abstract = {Millions of individuals with coronary artery or valvular
heart disease have been given a new chance at life by heart
surgery, but the potential for neurological injury is an
Achilles heel. Technological advancements and innovations in
surgical and anaesthetic technique have allowed us to offer
surgical treatment to patients at the extremes of age and
infirmity-the group at greatest risk for neurological
injury. Neurocognitive dysfunction is a complication of
cardiac surgery that can restrict the improved quality of
life that patients usually experience after heart surgery.
With a broader understanding of the frequency and effects of
neurological injury from cardiac surgery and its
implications for patients in both the short term and the
long term, we should be able to give personalised treatments
and thus preserve both their quantity and quality of life.
We describe these issues and the controversies that merit
continued investigation.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69254-4},
Key = {fds270821}
}
@article{fds270822,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Coleman, RE and Waugh,
R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Changes in plasma volume associated with mental stress
ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-148},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16253364},
Abstract = {Psychological stress has been shown to trigger angina and
myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease. However, the mechanisms by which stress may trigger
cardiac events has yet to be fully elucidated. Twenty five
patients underwent radionuclide ventriculography during a
multiple stress challenge. Plasma volume was assessed during
rest and at the end of the stress task. Flow-mediated
dilatation was also measured. Controlling for endothelial
function and medications, patients with ischemia had greater
reductions in plasma volume than non-ischemic patients.
Reduced plasma volume may be one mechanism by which mental
stress may increase the risk for acute coronary
events.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.09.001},
Key = {fds270822}
}
@article{fds270824,
Author = {Jaffe, AS and Krumholz, HM and Catellier, DJ and Freedland, KE and Bittner, V and Blumenthal, JA and Calvin, JE and Norman, J and Sequeira,
R and O'Connor, C and Rich, MW and Sheps, D and Wu, C and Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Patients (ENRICHD) Trial
Investigators},
Title = {Prediction of medical morbidity and mortality after acute
myocardial infarction in patients at increased psychosocial
risk in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
Patients (ENRICHD) study.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {152},
Number = {1},
Pages = {126-135},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16824842},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) are at
further increased risk for untoward events when patients
also exhibit low social support and/or depression. The
ENRICHD study was the largest controlled trial in post-MI
patients attempting to treat these psychological
comorbidities and provides an opportunity to examine the
medical and psychological characteristics that may affect
risk in this population. METHODS: We analyzed the baseline
characteristics and their relationship to the primary end
point of long-term mortality and recurrent infarction and to
the secondary end points of overall mortality and
cardiovascular mortality in 2481 post-MI patients. Cox
proportional hazards models were used to predict the risk of
these outcomes over a mean of 2.5 years of follow-up.
RESULTS: Death or nonfatal MI occurred in 24.1%, all-cause
mortality in 13.7%, and cardiovascular mortality in 8.4% of
the sample (62% of the total). Age, heart failure, pulmonary
disease, Killip class, ejection fraction, an elevated
creatinine, the use of non-angiotensin-coverting enzyme
asodilators, prior MI, diabetes, depression, and bypass
surgery after acute MI were all significant multivariable
predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The medical predictors of adverse
events in post-MI patients with low social support and/or
depression were similar to those of patients with MI in
other clinical trials.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2005.10.004},
Key = {fds270824}
}
@article{fds270778,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Keefe, FJ and Davis, RD and Lacaille,
RA and Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Trulock, E and Palmer,
SM},
Title = {Telephone-based coping skills training for patients awaiting
lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {74},
Number = {3},
Pages = {535-544},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16822110},
Abstract = {Impaired quality of life is associated with increased
mortality in patients with advanced lung disease. Using a
randomized controlled trial with allocation concealment and
blinded outcome assessment at 2 tertiary care teaching
hospitals, the authors randomly assigned 328 patients with
end-stage lung disease awaiting lung transplantation to 12
weeks of telephone-based coping skills training (CST) or to
usual medical care (UMC). Patients completed a battery of
quality of life instruments and were followed for up to 3.4
years to assess all-cause mortality. Compared with UMC, CST
produced lower scores on perceived stress, anxiety,
depressive symptoms, and negative affect and improved scores
on mental health functioning, optimism, vitality, and
perceived social support. There were 29 deaths (9%) over a
mean follow-up period of 1.1 year. Survival analyses
revealed that there was no difference in survival between
the 2 groups. The authors conclude that a telephone-based
CST intervention can be effectively delivered to patients
awaiting lung transplantation. Despite the severity of
pulmonary disease in this patient population, significant
improvements in quality of life, but not somatic measures or
survival to transplant, were achieved.},
Doi = {10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.535},
Key = {fds270778}
}
@article{fds270819,
Author = {Barbour, KA and Blumenthal, JA and Palmer, SM},
Title = {Psychosocial issues in the assessment and management of
patients undergoing lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {129},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1367-1374},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16685030},
Abstract = {This review examines psychosocial issues among lung
transplant patients from the time of assessment through the
posttransplant period. Although psychological factors are
recognized as being important in the transplant evaluation,
no standard approach to psychological assessment currently
exists. Lung transplant candidates often experience high
levels of psychological distress while awaiting transplant,
and both pretransplant and posttransplant psychological
functioning have been found to predict posttransplant
quality of life, adherence to treatment, and, in some cases,
medical outcomes. Given the limited long-term survival
following transplantation, improving psychosocial
functioning is essential for enhancing outcomes among lung
transplant recipients. This review summarizes the extant
literature on the psychosocial factors in lung
transplantation and highlights several innovative efforts to
improve psychological outcomes in this challenging patient
population.},
Doi = {10.1378/chest.129.5.1367},
Key = {fds270819}
}
@article{fds270826,
Author = {Palmer, SM and Davis, RD and Simsir, SA and Lin, SS and Hartwig, M and Reidy, MF and Steele, MP and Eu, PC and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak,
MA},
Title = {Successful bilateral lung transplant outcomes in recipients
61 years of age and older.},
Journal = {Transplantation},
Volume = {81},
Number = {6},
Pages = {862-865},
Year = {2006},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0041-1337},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16570009},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Aged • Bronchiolitis Obliterans
• Case-Control Studies • Female • Humans
• Lung Transplantation* • Male • Middle Aged
• adverse effects • etiology •
mortality},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding the optimal use of
bilateral lung transplant (BLT) in older recipients in
diseases where either single or bilateral transplant is
appropriate. International Society for Heart and Lung
Transplant (ISHLT) guidelines suggest an upper age limit of
60 for BLT, despite limited data regarding outcomes with BLT
in patients over 60. We hypothesize that BLT offers
comparable, if not superior, clinical outcomes to SLT in all
patients independent of recipient age. METHODS: In order to
test our hypothesis, we conducted a case-control study to
compare the effect of transplant operation on survival and
the onset of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in
consecutive lung transplant recipients 61 years of age or
older using Kaplan- Meier analysis and Cox proportional
hazard models. RESULTS: We identified 107 consecutive lung
transplant recipients 61 or older at the time of transplant.
Patients received SLT (n=46) or BLT (n=61) based on donor
organ availability. Comparable survival was achieved with
BLT in older patients vs. SLT P=0.19). One-, two-, and
five-year survival estimates in BLT were 82%, 75% and 68%,
respectively, vs. in SLT 78%, 70% and 44%, respectively. A
comparable onset of BOS was also observed in the patients
who received BLT vs. SLT (P=0.23). CONCLUSION: Successful
short- and medium-term outcomes are achieved with BLT in
older recipients and are comparable to those achieved with
SLT. Our results suggest that age over 60 should not exclude
patients from consideration of BLT.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.tp.0000203298.00475.0d},
Key = {fds270826}
}
@article{fds270647,
Author = {Lavie, CJ and Milani, RV},
Title = {Cardiac rehabilitation, exercise training, and psychosocial
risk factors.},
Journal = {J Am Coll Cardiol},
Volume = {47},
Number = {1},
Pages = {212},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.002},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.002},
Key = {fds270647}
}
@article{fds316061,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A and Babyak, M and Waugh, R and Georgiades, A and Coleman, RE and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The effects of exercise training on mental stress-induced
ischemia},
Journal = {Psychophysiology},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S8-S9},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBLISHING},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5772},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000239965400031&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316061}
}
@article{fds316065,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A and Babyak, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The effects of behavioral interventions on stress-induced
cardiovascular changes},
Journal = {Psychophysiology},
Volume = {43},
Pages = {S22-S22},
Publisher = {BLACKWELL PUBLISHING},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5772},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000239965400097&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds316065}
}
@article{fds51797,
Author = {Palmer, S.M. and Davis, R.D. and Simsir, S.A. and Lin, S.S. and Harwig, M. and Reidy, M.F. and Steele, M.P. and Eu, P.C. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Babyak, M.A},
Title = {Successful bilateral lung transplant outcomes in recipients
61 years of age and older},
Journal = {Transplantation},
Volume = {81},
Number = {6},
Pages = {862-865},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds51797}
}
@article{fds51804,
Author = {Newman, M.F. and Mathew, J.P. and Grocott, H.P. and Mackensen, G.B. and Monk, T. and Welsh-Bohmer, K.A. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Laskowitz, D.T. and Mark, D.B.},
Title = {Central nervous system injury associated with cardiac
surgery},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {368},
Pages = {694-703},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds51804}
}
@article{fds270761,
Author = {Mendes de Leon and CF and Czajkowski, SM and Freedland, KE and Bang, H and Powell, LH and Wu, C and Burg, MM and DiLillo, V and Ironson, G and Krumholz, HM and Mitchell, P and Blumenthal, JA and ENRICHD
investigators},
Title = {The effect of a psychosocial intervention and quality of
life after acute myocardial infarction: the Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical
trial.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {26},
Number = {1},
Pages = {9-13},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16617220},
Keywords = {Cognitive Therapy • Depression • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Myocardial Infarction • Quality of Life*
• Retrospective Studies • Treatment Outcome •
complications • etiology • methods* •
psychology • rehabilitation* •
therapy},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
Patients (ENRICHD) clinical trial was designed to test
whether intervening on depression or low perceived social
support reduces mortality and reinfarction in patients with
acute myocardial infarction (MI). This report analyzes the
effect of the intervention on quality of life (QOL), which
was an important secondary outcome. METHODS: ENRICHD was a
randomized controlled clinical trial comparing a
psychosocial intervention based on cognitive behavioral
therapy to usual medical care in 2,481 patients from 8
clinical centers. Patients with acute MI were included if
they met criteria for depression, low perceived social
support, or both. QOL was assessed at the 6-month clinic
visit in the first 1,296 patients. QOL measures included the
Medical Outcomes Study Short Form summary measures of
physical functioning (SF12-PCS) and mental functioning
(SF12-MCS), a Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS), and a measure
of overall QOL based on the ladder of life (LOL) technique.
RESULTS: There were significant treatment differences on the
SF12-MCS (difference 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]
1.2-3.2), the LSS (difference 1.0, 95% CI 0.5-1.5), and the
LOL (difference 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.6), but not on the
SF12-PCS (difference 0.8; 95% CI = -0.5-2.0). Effect sizes
for the intervention on QOL outcomes were modest.
CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial interventions of limited duration
confer modest QOL benefits in post-MI patients who are
depressed or have low perceived social support.
Interventions of longer duration or greater intensity may be
required to produce more substantial improvements in QOL in
these patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-200601000-00002},
Key = {fds270761}
}
@article{fds270818,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Davidson, JRT and Babyak, MA and McCants, CB and Sketch, MH},
Title = {Phobic anxiety, depression, and risk of ventricular
arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart
disease.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {651-656},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17012517},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Findings of an association between phobic anxiety
and elevated risks of sudden cardiac death suggest that
phobic anxiety may be related to increased risk of
ventricular arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to
examine whether phobic anxiety is associated with
ventricular arrhythmias in patients with documented coronary
artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Phobic anxiety level was
measured using the Crown-Crisp phobic anxiety scale in 940
patients (660 men, 280 women) hospitalized for diagnostic
cardiac catheterization between April 1999 and June 2002.
Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Beck
Depression Inventory. Patients were followed for a median
follow-up period of 3 years, and the occurrence of
ventricular arrhythmias was determined through review of
medical records. RESULTS: Ventricular arrhythmias occurred
in 97 patients and were significantly related to higher
phobic anxiety after statistical adjustment for established
medical and demographic determinants of arrhythmias (odds
ratio = 1.40; p = .012). Depressive symptomatology was
significantly correlated with phobic anxiety (r = 0.44, p <
.001) and was also related to ventricular arrhythmias (odds
ratio = 1.40; p = .006). The composite of depression and
phobic anxiety predicted ventricular arrhythmias with a
larger effect size than either depression or phobic anxiety
score alone (odds ratio = 1.6, 95% confidence interval,
1.2-2.1, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Both phobic anxiety and
depressive symptomatology predict ventricular arrhythmias in
patients with CAD and may share a common factor predictive
of ventricular arrhythmias.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000228342.53606.b3},
Key = {fds270818}
}
@article{fds270820,
Author = {Phillips-Bute, B and Mathew, JP and Blumenthal, JA and Grocott, HP and Laskowitz, DT and Jones, RH and Mark, DB and Newman,
MF},
Title = {Association of neurocognitive function and quality of life 1
year after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {369-375},
Year = {2006},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16738066},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
has been shown to improve quality of life and functional
capacity for many patients, recent studies have demonstrated
that a significant number of patients exhibit impairment in
cognitive function immediately following surgery and beyond.
We sought to determine the impact of this postoperative
cognitive dysfunction on quality of life (QOL) and to
characterize the dysfunction from the patient's perspective.
METHODS: With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and
written informed consent, 732 patients at Duke University
Hospital undergoing CABG were enrolled. Five hundred
fifty-one (75%) completed baseline, 6-week, and 1-year
neurocognitive tests and psychometric measures designed to
assess QOL. Neurocognitive status was assessed by a
composite cognitive index score representing the mean of the
scores in four cognitive domains. Change in QOL was assessed
by subtracting baseline from 1-year scores for each of 10
QOL measures. The association between QOL and cognitive
dysfunction was investigated using multivariable linear
regression analysis. RESULTS: Cognitive decline limited
improvement in QOL, with substantial correlation between
change in cognition and change in QOL. One-year QOL measures
are associated with both 6-week and 1-year change in
cognition (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, p <
.0001; Duke Activity Status Index, p < .02; Cognitive
Difficulties, p < .0001; Symptom Limitations, p = .0001;
Center for Epidemiologic Study Depression, p < .0001;
General Health Perception, p = .0001). CONCLUSIONS:
Postoperative cognitive decline may diminish improvements in
QOL. Strategies to reduce cognitive decline may allow
patients to achieve the maximum improvement in QOL afforded
by CABG, as even short-term cognitive dysfunction has
implications for QOL 1 year later.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000221272.77984.e2},
Key = {fds270820}
}
@article{fds270823,
Author = {Thurston, RC and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Association between hot flashes, sleep complaints, and
psychological functioning among healthy menopausal
women.},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {163-172},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16712434},
Abstract = {Self-report data suggest that sleep hot flashes among
menopausal women are associated with sleep problems and in
turn impaired psychological functioning. However, few
studies have examined these relations with physiologic hot
flash measures. A total of 41 perimenopausal and
postmenopausal women with daily hot flashes underwent
nighttime sternal skin conductance monitoring to quantify
hot flashes. Participants completed sleep diaries; the
Sleep-Wake Experience List (van Diest, 1990); and
depression, anxiety, and daily stress measures. Participants
experienced a median of 2 physiologically monitored and 1
reported sleep hot flash nightly. Although sleep complaints
were significantly and positively associated with
psychological functioning, neither sleep complaints nor
psychological functioning was significantly related to
frequency of physiologically monitored sleep hot flashes.
Conversely, results indicate an association between reported
sleep hot flashes and acute sleep problems. The frequency of
physiologically monitored sleep hot flashes, as opposed to
reported sleep hot flashes, may be independent of problems
with sleep and mood among menopausal women.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327558ijbm1302_8},
Key = {fds270823}
}
@article{fds270825,
Author = {Leon, MD and Czajkowski, and Freedland, and Bang, and Powell, and Wu, and Burg, and DiLillo, and Ironson, and Krumholz, and Mitchell, and Blumenthal, and Investigators, JAFTENRICHD},
Title = {The effect of a psychosocial intervention and quality of
life after acute myocardial infarction},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {9-13},
Year = {2006},
Key = {fds270825}
}
@article{fds270827,
Author = {Barbour, KA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise training and depression in older
adults.},
Journal = {Neurobiology of Aging},
Volume = {26 Suppl 1},
Pages = {119-123},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0197-4580},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16223547},
Abstract = {This article provides a review of the evidence supporting
exercise as an effective treatment of depression in older
adults. Depression is prevalent among older adults and is
associated with significant morbidity, increased risk of
mortality, and economic burden. Although effective
treatments for depression exist (e.g., antidepressant
medication, cognitive-behavioral therapy), the disorder
remains inadequately treated for many older individuals.
Recently, the use of exercise as a treatment for depression
has received increased attention. Results of these studies
suggest that exercise leads to a reduction in depressive
symptoms when compared to wait list, social contact
controls, and antidepressant medication. However, many
studies have significant methodological limitations. In the
present article, we include discussion of these limitations
and provide suggestions for future research.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.007},
Key = {fds270827}
}
@article{fds270764,
Author = {Feeney, JM and Goldberg, R and Blumenthal, JA and Wallack,
MK},
Title = {September 11, 2001, revisited: a review of the
data.},
Journal = {Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)},
Volume = {140},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1068-1073},
Year = {2005},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0004-0010},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16301442},
Keywords = {Academic Medical Centers • Emergency Service, Hospital
• Humans • New York City • September 11
Terrorist Attacks* • Triage • Wounds and Injuries
• economics • etiology* • organization &
administration • organization & administration* •
therapy*},
Abstract = {HYPOTHESIS: The September 11, 2001, World Trade Center (WTC)
attack was a disaster of epic proportion in New York City,
NY. It was unprecedented in terms of the number of people
who were killed in the bombings, as well as in terms of the
volume of patients received at local (New York City)
hospitals. The strain on local emergency medical services,
hospitals, and the citywide trauma system is still felt
today as the hospitals, physicians, and agencies involved
struggle to train for similar events that may occur in the
future, cope with the psychological and social aftermath,
and even pay for the response to the bombing. The objective
of this review of the data was to determine the major causes
of morbidity (ie, hospital visits) during the hours
immediately after the September 11, 2001, WTC attack, as
well as to detail the costs involved in the medical response
to a disaster of this scale and to identify some lessons
learned with respect to the hospital's response to an event
of this magnitude. DESIGN: Review of records and cost data
submitted by Saint Vincent's Hospital, Manhattan, NY, to the
state of New York and federal sources for financial relief
from the September 11, 2001, WTC attack. SETTING: Saint
Vincent's Hospital is an academic medical center of New York
Medical College and a New York City-designated level I
trauma center. PATIENTS: All medical records for the
patients registered at Saint Vincent's Hospital on September
11, 2001, after 8:50 am were reviewed. RESULTS: The major
cause of morbidity for the September 11, 2001, patients was
smoke inhalation (30.0%); followed closely by chemical
conjunctivitis and corneal abrasions (16%); lacerations,
abrasions, and soft-tissue injuries (15.5%); isolated
orthopedic complaints (12%); and psychiatric complaints
(10%). Multiple-trauma patients were 3% of the patients
seen. There were 5 fatalities at Saint Vincent's Hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: The WTC disaster was a source of major
morbidity and mortality to the people of New York City. The
possibility that Saint Vincent's will again serve in that
role is in the forefront of the minds of everyone involved
in updating our contingency plan.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archsurg.140.11.1068},
Key = {fds270764}
}
@article{fds270830,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Watkins, LL and Waugh, RA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Impaired endothelial function in coronary heart disease
patients with depressive symptomatology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {656-659},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16098431},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess whether
depressive symptomatology was associated with vascular
endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary heart
disease (CHD). BACKGROUND: In patients with CHD, the
presence of depression is associated with a two to four
times increased risk of mortality, but the disease pathways
involved are uncertain. Endothelial dysfunction is an
established risk factor for cardiovascular events in
patients with CHD. METHODS: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of
the brachial artery, a measure of endothelial function, was
assessed in 143 patients (99 men, 44 women), ages 40 to 84
years (mean age, 63 +/- 10 years), with documented CHD.
RESULTS: Patients with significant depressive
symptomatology, as indicated by a Beck Depression Inventory
(BDI) score > or = 10 (n = 47) showed attenuated FMD (p =
0.001) compared with patients that were not depressed (BDI <
10; n = 96). The use of antidepressant medication was
associated with improved FMD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The
increased risk of cardiovascular events in CHD patients with
elevated symptoms of depression may be mediated, in part, by
endothelial dysfunction.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.041},
Key = {fds270830}
}
@article{fds270829,
Author = {Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Freedland, KE and Stein, PK and Howells, WB and Berkman, LF and Watkins, LL and Czajkowski, SM and Hayano, J and Domitrovich, PP and Jaffe, AS},
Title = {Low heart rate variability and the effect of depression on
post-myocardial infarction mortality.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {165},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1486-1491},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16009863},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is associated with an increased risk
for mortality after acute myocardial infarction (MI). The
purpose of this study was to determine whether low heart
rate variability (HRV) mediates the effect of depression on
mortality. METHODS: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory
electrocardiograms were obtained from 311 depressed patients
with a recent acute MI who were enrolled in the Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial
and from 367 nondepressed patients who met the ENRICHD
medical inclusion criteria. Standard HRV indexes were
extracted from the recordings. RESULTS: The log of very
low-frequency (LnVLF) power, an index of HRV derived from
power spectral analysis of the electrocardiogram signal
(0.0033-0.04 Hz [in milliseconds squared]), was lower in the
depressed than in the nondepressed patients (P<.001). There
were 47 deaths (6.1%) during a 30-month follow-up. After
adjusting for potential confounders, the depressed patients
remained at higher risk for all-cause mortality compared
with the nondepressed patients (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 1.4-5.4; P<.003). When LnVLF power
was entered into the model, the hazard ratio for depression
dropped to 2.1 (95% CI, 1.1-4.2; P = .03). The proportion of
the risk for depression attributable to LnVLF power was 0.27
(95% CI, 0.23-0.31; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Low HRV partially
mediates the effect of depression on survival after acute
MI. This finding helps to clarify the physiological
mechanisms underlying depression's role as a risk factor for
mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. It also
raises the possibility that treatments that improve both
depression and HRV might also improve survival in these
patients.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.165.13.1486},
Key = {fds270829}
}
@article{fds270828,
Author = {Taylor, CB and Youngblood, ME and Catellier, D and Veith, RC and Carney,
RM and Burg, MM and Kaufmann, PG and Shuster, J and Mellman, T and Blumenthal, JA and Krishnan, R and Jaffe, AS and ENRICHD
Investigators},
Title = {Effects of antidepressant medication on morbidity and
mortality in depressed patients after myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {62},
Number = {7},
Pages = {792-798},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15997021},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression after myocardial infarction (MI) is
associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Although
antidepressants are effective in reducing depression, their
use in patients with cardiovascular disease remains
controversial. OBJECTIVE: To undertake a secondary analysis
to determine the effects of using antidepressants on
morbidity and mortality in post-MI patients who participated
in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease study.
DESIGN: Observational secondary analysis. SETTING: Eight
academic sites. PATIENTS: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease clinical trial randomized 2481 depressed
and/or socially isolated patients from October 1, 1996, to
October 31, 1999. Depression was diagnosed using a
structured clinical interview. This analysis was conducted
on the 1834 patients enrolled with depression (849 women and
985 men). INTERVENTION: Use of antidepressant medication.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Event-free survival was defined as
the absence of death or recurrent MI. All-cause mortality
was also examined. To relate exposure to antidepressants to
subsequent morbidity and mortality, the data were analyzed
using a time-dependent covariate model. RESULTS: During a
mean follow-up of 29 months, 457 fatal and nonfatal
cardiovascular events occurred. The risk of death or
recurrent MI was significantly lower in patients taking
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (adjusted hazard
ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.84),
as were the risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 0.59;
95% CI, 0.37-0.96) and recurrent MI (adjusted HR, 0.53; 95%
CI, 0.32-0.90), compared with patients who did not use
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. For patients taking
non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants,
the comparable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.72 (0.44-1.18), 0.64
(0.34-1.22), and 0.73 (0.38-1.38) for risk of death or
recurrent MI, all-cause mortality, or recurrent MI,
respectively, compared with nonusers. CONCLUSIONS: Use of
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depressed
patients who experience an acute MI might reduce subsequent
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A controlled trial
is needed to examine this important issue.},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.62.7.792},
Key = {fds270828}
}
@article{fds270837,
Author = {Claar, RL and Parekh, PI and Palmer, SM and Lacaille, RA and Davis, RD and Rowe, SK and Babyak, MA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Emotional distress and quality of life in caregivers of
patients awaiting lung transplant.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-6},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16126089},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to characterize the
levels of emotional distress and quality of life among
caregivers of lung transplant candidates and to examine the
relation of coping styles and perceived caregiver burden to
caregivers' self-reported emotional distress. METHODS: A
consecutive series of primary caregivers of potential lung
transplant candidates completed a battery of psychosocial
measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory-II
(BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Medical Coping
Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Scale for Caregiver Burden
(SCB), and Medical Outcomes Survey, Short Form-36 (SF-36).
RESULTS: Only 12 of the 82 caregivers (14.6%) who
volunteered for the study reported clinically significant
levels of depression (BDI-II > or =14), and only 2
caregivers (2.4%) reported clinically significant levels of
anxiety (STAI > or =60). Passive coping strategies were
associated with higher levels of emotional distress;
specifically, resignation was associated with increased
depression (r=.27, P<.04), while avoidance was associated
with increased anxiety (r=.29, P<.04). In addition,
caregivers who reported greater perceived caregiver burden
experienced higher levels of depression (r=.45, P<.001) and
anxiety (r=.43, P<.01). Moreover, the social functioning of
caregivers of lung transplant patients was more than one
standard deviation from a normative sample of the population
(Cohen's d=1.16), indicating that caregivers of transplant
patients experienced greater impairment in this area.
DISCUSSION: Although most caregivers of transplant patients
do not report significant impairment in functioning,
assessing caregivers' coping strategies and caregiving
burden may identify those caregivers who experience
increased emotional distress.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.03.007},
Key = {fds270837}
}
@article{fds270849,
Author = {Powell, LH and Catellier, D and Freedland, KE and Burg, MM and Woods,
SL and Bittner, V and Calvin, JE and Blumenthal, JA and ENRICHD
Investigators},
Title = {Depression and heart failure in patients with a new
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {149},
Number = {5},
Pages = {851-855},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15894967},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a disabling chronic
illness that is increasing in prevalence. Despite advances
in its medical treatment, little is known about its
psychosocial correlates. This investigation compared the
prevalence of depression in patients with and without HF who
were hospitalized with myocardial infarction (MI) and also
at high psychosocial risk. METHODS: Baseline data from the
2444 participants in the ENRICHD clinical trial were used.
Within 28 days of the MI, all patients were assessed for
depression using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria, for HF based upon left
ventricular dysfunction or history of HF and for demographic
and medical confounders. RESULTS: Eight hundred forty-seven
patients (34.7%) met the criteria for HF. Major depression
was observed in 43% in the HF group compared with 36% in the
non-HF group (P < .001). Multivariate modeling showed a 38%
increase in odds of HF for patients with major depression,
after adjustment for sociodemographic factors and medical
comorbidities (adjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09-1.76).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in patients with
new MI who are at psychosocial risk, major depression is
more prevalent in those who also have HF. Because major
depression undermines adherence and lowers quality of life,
special efforts to diagnose and treat it in post-MI patients
with HF appear warranted.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.007},
Key = {fds270849}
}
@article{fds270833,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Babyak, MA and Watkins, LL and Waugh,
R and Georgiades, A and Bacon, SL and Hayano, J and Coleman, RE and Hinderliter, A},
Title = {Effects of exercise and stress management training on
markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic
heart disease: a randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {293},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1626-1634},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15811982},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Observational studies have shown that psychosocial
factors are associated with increased risk for
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the effects of
behavioral interventions on psychosocial and medical end
points remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect
of 2 behavioral programs, aerobic exercise training and
stress management training, with routine medical care on
psychosocial functioning and markers of cardiovascular risk.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Randomized controlled trial
of 134 patients (92 male and 42 female; aged 40-84 years)
with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) and
exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. Conducted from January
1999 to February 2003. INTERVENTIONS: Routine medical care
(usual care); usual care plus supervised aerobic exercise
training for 35 minutes 3 times per week for 16 weeks; usual
care plus weekly 1.5-hour stress management training for 16
weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported measures of
general distress (General Health Questionnaire [GHQ]) and
depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]); left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wall motion
abnormalities (WMA); flow-mediated dilation; and cardiac
autonomic control (heart rate variability during deep
breathing and baroreflex sensitivity). RESULTS: Patients in
the exercise and stress management groups had lower mean
(SE) BDI scores (exercise: 8.2 [0.6]; stress management: 8.2
[0.6]) vs usual care (10.1 [0.6]; P = .02); reduced distress
by GHQ scores (exercise: 56.3 [0.9]; stress management: 56.8
[0.9]) vs usual care (53.6 [0.9]; P = .02); and smaller
reductions in LVEF during mental stress testing (exercise:
-0.54% [0.44%]; stress management: -0.34% [0.45%]) vs usual
care (-1.69% [0.46%]; P = .03). Exercise and stress
management were associated with lower mean (SE) WMA rating
scores (exercise: 0.20 [0.07]; stress management: 0.10
[0.07]) in a subset of patients with significant
stress-induced WMA at baseline vs usual care (0.36 [0.07]; P
= .02). Patients in the exercise and stress management
groups had greater mean (SE) improvements in flow-mediated
dilation (exercise: mean [SD], 5.6% [0.45%]; stress
management: 5.2% [0.47%]) vs usual care patients (4.1%
[0.48%]; P = .03). In a subgroup, those receiving stress
management showed improved mean (SE) baroreflex sensitivity
(8.2 [0.8] ms/mm Hg) vs usual care (5.1 [0.9] ms/mm Hg; P =
.02) and significant increases in heart rate variability
(193.7 [19.6] ms) vs usual care (132.1 [21.5] ms; P = .04).
CONCLUSION: For patients with stable IHD, exercise and
stress management training reduced emotional distress and
improved markers of cardiovascular risk more than usual
medical care alone.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.293.13.1626},
Key = {fds270833}
}
@article{fds270779,
Author = {Rozanski, A and Blumenthal, JA and Davidson, KW and Saab, PG and Kubzansky, L},
Title = {The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of
psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: the emerging
field of behavioral cardiology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {45},
Number = {5},
Pages = {637-651},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15734605},
Abstract = {Observational studies indicate that psychologic factors
strongly influence the course of coronary artery disease
(CAD). In this review, we examine new epidemiologic evidence
for the association between psychosocial risk factors and
CAD, identify pathologic mechanisms that may be responsible
for this association, and describe a paradigm for studying
positive psychologic factors that may act as a buffer.
Because psychosocial risk factors are highly prevalent and
are associated with unhealthy lifestyles, we describe the
potential role of cardiologists in managing such factors.
Management approaches include routinely screening for
psychosocial risk factors, referring patients with severe
psychologic distress to behavioral specialists, and directly
treating patients with milder forms of psychologic distress
with brief targeted interventions. A number of behavioral
interventions have been evaluated for their ability to
reduce adverse cardiac events among patients presenting with
psychosocial risk factors. Although the efficacy of
stand-alone psychosocial interventions remains unclear, both
exercise and multifactorial cardiac rehabilitation with
psychosocial interventions have demonstrated a reduction in
cardiac events. Furthermore, recent data suggest that
psychopharmacologic interventions may also be effective.
Despite these promising findings, clinical practice
guidelines for managing psychosocial risk factors in cardiac
practice are lacking. Thus, we review new approaches to
improve the delivery of behavioral services and patient
adherence to behavioral recommendations. These efforts are
part of an emerging field of behavioral cardiology, which is
based on the understanding that psychosocial and behavioral
risk factors for CAD are not only highly interrelated, but
also require a sophisticated health care delivery system to
optimize their effectiveness.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.005},
Key = {fds270779}
}
@article{fds44675,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Sherwood, A. and Babyak, M.A. and Watkins, L.L.
Waugh and R., Georgiades and A., Bacon and S.L., Hayano and J., Coleman and R.E., Hinderliter and A.},
Title = {Effects of exercise and stress management training on
markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic
heart disease: A randomized controlled trial},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {293},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1626-1634},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds44675}
}
@article{fds270831,
Author = {Lett, HS and Davidson, J and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Nonpharmacologic treatments for depression in patients with
coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {67 Suppl 1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {S58-S62},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15953803},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: We review nonpharmacologic treatments for
depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD),
including psychological therapies such as cognitive behavior
therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT), aerobic
exercise, St. John's wort (SJW), essential fatty acids
(EFAs), S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe), acupuncture, and
chromium picolinate (CP). METHOD: Medline searches and
reviews of bibliographies were used to identify relevant
articles. Each treatment was reviewed with particular
attention paid to empirical support, as well as to potential
mechanisms of action that might affect not only depression
but also CHD endpoints. RESULTS: Nearly all randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) of depression treatments have been
conducted with non-CHD patients. These studies have provided
the most support for psychological treatments, particularly
CBT and IPT. Aerobic exercise, SJW, and SAMe also have
considerable empirical support in otherwise healthy persons,
but SJW may have undesirable side effects for CHD patients.
Data for EFAs, CP, and acupuncture are limited; however, the
use of aerobic exercise shows considerable promise for
cardiac patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are few RCTs of
patients with clinical depression and CHD, and those that
exist have significant methodological limitations.
Nonetheless, there is preliminary evidence that
nonpharmacologic treatments are effective for cardiac
patients with depression. In terms of reducing depression,
the most evidence exists for psychological treatments,
particularly CBT and IPT. However, there is little evidence
that such treatment would also improve CHD risk factors.
Aerobic exercise offers more promise to improve both mental
and physical health due to its effect on cardiovascular risk
factors and outcomes and thus warrants particular attention
in future trials.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000163453.24417.97},
Key = {fds270831}
}
@article{fds270832,
Author = {Parekh, PI and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and LaCaille, R and Rowe,
S and Dancel, L and Carney, RM and Davis, RD and Palmer, S and INSPIRE
Investigators},
Title = {Gas exchange and exercise capacity affect neurocognitive
performance in patients with lung disease.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {425-432},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15911906},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between
cognitive functioning and the severity of underlying lung
disease in patients awaiting lung transplantation. METHODS:
Ninety-four patients with end-stage lung disease completed a
test battery to assess cognitive performance in two domains:
executive functioning/attention (Trails A and B, COWA,
Animal Naming, Stroop Color-Word Test, Digit Symbol, and the
2 & 7 Test) and verbal memory (Digit Span-Backward and
Forward, WMS-R Logical Memory and Paired Verbal Associates).
RESULTS: Thirty-seven percent of the patients demonstrated
moderate to severe cognitive impairment data on two or more
tests. Adjusting for age and education, there were no
statistically significant differences on executive
functioning or verbal memory as a function of specific lung
disease diagnosis. Lower PCO2 values were associated with
better cognitive performance on latent measures of executive
functioning and attention (p = .006) and verbal memory (p =
.009), whereas higher PO2 values tended to be associated
with better performance on the executive
functioning/attention measure (p = .064). Distance walked in
6 minutes was positively related to verbal memory (p <
.023). CONCLUSIONS: Impaired neurocognitive functioning may
be relatively common in patients awaiting lung
transplantation and is associated with ineffective pulmonary
gas exchange and reduced exercise tolerance.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000160479.99765.18},
Key = {fds270832}
}
@article{fds270835,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Strauman, TJ and Robins,
C and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Social support and coronary heart disease: epidemiologic
evidence and implications for treatment.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {67},
Number = {6},
Pages = {869-878},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16314591},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present paper reviews theories of social
support and evidence for the role of social support in the
development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD).
METHODS: Articles for the primary review of social support
as a risk factor were identified with MEDLINE (1966-2004)
and PsychINFO (1872-2004). Reviews of bibliographies also
were used to identify relevant articles. RESULTS: In
general, evidence suggests that low social support confers a
risk of 1.5 to 2.0 in both healthy populations and in
patients with established CHD. However, there is substantial
variability in the manner in which social support is
conceptualized and measured. In addition, few studies have
simultaneously compared differing types of support.
CONCLUSIONS: Although low levels of support are associated
with increased risk for CHD events, it is not clear what
types of support are most associated with clinical outcomes
in healthy persons and CHD patients. The development of a
consensus in the conceptualization and measurement of social
support is needed to examine which types of support are most
likely to be associated with adverse CHD outcomes. There
also is little evidence that improving low social support
reduces CHD events.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000188393.73571.0a},
Key = {fds270835}
}
@article{fds270836,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Lett, HS},
Title = {Depression and cardiac risk.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {78-79},
Year = {2005},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15818194},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-200503000-00005},
Key = {fds270836}
}
@article{fds270852,
Author = {Yager, J and Barbour, K and LaCaille, R and Felker, M and Hernandez, A and Russell, S and Milano, C and Stone, E and Brosse, A and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Depressive symptoms in heart transplant recipients in an
alternate list program},
Journal = {The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation},
Volume = {24},
Number = {2},
Pages = {S132},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2004.11.299},
Doi = {10.1016/j.healun.2004.11.299},
Key = {fds270852}
}
@article{fds270853,
Author = {Thurston, RC and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Emotional antecedents of hot flashes during daily
life.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {137-146},
Year = {2005},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15673636},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Hot flashes are among the most frequently
reported menopausal symptoms. However, little is known about
factors associated with their occurrence. Moreover, despite
the wide use of self-report hot flash measures, little is
known about their concordance with physiological flashes.
This study evaluated emotional and behavioral antecedents of
subjectively and objectively measured hot flashes during
daily life. It also examined individual differences
predicting concordance between objective and subjective hot
flashes. METHODS: Forty-two perimenopausal or postmenopausal
women (mean age = 50.5 +/- 4.8 years) reporting daily hot
flashes completed 2 days of ambulatory sternal skin
conductance monitoring, behavioral diaries 3 times an hour,
and psychometric questionnaires. Hot flashes meeting
objective physiological criteria and subjectively reported
flashes not meeting physiological criteria were assessed.
Likelihood of hot flashes following emotions and activities
were examined in a case-crossover analysis. RESULTS:
Relative to nonflash control times, objective hot flashes
were more likely after increased happiness, relaxation, and
feelings of control, and less likely after increased
frustration, sadness, and stress. Conversely, subjective hot
flashes not meeting physiological criteria were more likely
after increased frustration and decreased feelings of
control. Questionnaires revealed increased negative mood and
negative attitudes were associated with fewer objective
flashes and higher false-positive reporting rates.
CONCLUSION: Increased positive and decreased negative
emotions were associated with objective hot flashes, whereas
increased negative and decreased positive emotions were
associated with subjective flashes not meeting physiological
criteria. The anecdotal association between negative
emotions and hot flashes may be the result of self-reported
flashes lacking physiological corroboration.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000149255.04806.07},
Key = {fds270853}
}
@article{fds270857,
Author = {Hughes, JW and Tomlinson, A and Blumenthal, JA and Davidson, J and Sketch, MH and Watkins, LL},
Title = {Social support and religiosity as coping strategies for
anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients.},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-185},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15576256},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Prospective studies have demonstrated that
anxiety is associated with an increased risk of mortality
and sudden cardiac death. There is therefore a need to
understand what factors contribute to anxiety in patients
with coronary heart disease (CHD). PURPOSE: This study
examined whether social support and religiosity are
individually or jointly associated with lower anxiety in
cardiac patients. METHODS: Anxiety, perceived social
support, and religiosity were assessed in 228 (71% male, 29%
female) hospitalized CHD patients aged 62 +- 11 years.
RESULTS: Higher levels of social support were related to
lower levels of state and trait anxiety (state anxiety, r =
-.26, p < .01; trait anxiety, r = -.30, p < .01;).
Religiosity was related to lower state anxiety (r = -.27, p
< .01) but only modestly related to lower trait anxiety
(trait anxiety, r = -.18, p < .01). The relationship between
religiosity and trait anxiety was no longer significant
after controlling for social support (p = .26). CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest that religiosity and social support
provide a buffer against anxiety in CHD patients and that
higher levels of social support may account for the
relationship between religiosity and trait anxiety. These
findings underscore the importance of social support and
religiosity as buffers against distress, with possible
implications for prognosis in a patient group where high
levels of anxiety appear to confer increased risk of
mortality.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15324796abm2803_6},
Key = {fds270857}
}
@article{fds270839,
Author = {Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA and Mark, DB},
Title = {Fixing the heart: must the brain pay the
price?},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {110},
Number = {22},
Pages = {3402-3403},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15569848},
Doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000150860.91937.ED},
Key = {fds270839}
}
@article{fds270840,
Author = {Pierson, LM and Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Babyak, M and Gullette, ECD and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Association between exercise capacity and left ventricular
geometry in overweight patients with mild systemic
hypertension.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {94},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1322-1325},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541259},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the relation
between left ventricular (LV) geometry and exercise capacity
in unmedicated, hypertensive patients. Analysis of the data
revealed peak oxygen consumption (ml kg(-1) min(-1)) for
concentric hypertrophy (corrected mean +/- SE 23.5 +/- 1.2)
was significantly less (F = 3.68, p <0.02) than the
concentric remodeling (28.1 +/- 1.2) and normal (27.3 +/-
0.6) geometries. The LV geometric pattern was found to be
associated with exercise capacity in unmedicated,
hypertensive patients, such that patients with concentric
hypertrophy showed reduced capacity.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.126},
Key = {fds270840}
}
@article{fds270759,
Author = {Raja, PV and Blumenthal, JA and Doraiswamy, PM},
Title = {Cognitive deficits following coronary artery bypass
grafting: prevalence, prognosis, and therapeutic
strategies.},
Journal = {Cns Spectrums},
Volume = {9},
Number = {10},
Pages = {763-772},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1092-8529},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15448586},
Keywords = {Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Coronary Artery Disease • Depression • Humans
• Postoperative Complications • Prevalence •
Prognosis • Risk Factors • adverse effects* •
epidemiology • etiology* • methods •
prevention & control* • surgery*},
Abstract = {There is increasing recognition that coronary artery bypass
grafting (CABG) may be a risk factor for subtle cognitive
decline although the presence and pattern of such decline
has varied across studies. Cognitive deficits may present as
short-term memory loss, executive dysfunction and
psychomotor slowing. Although they are usually are not
severe enough to meet criteria for mild cognitive impairment
or vascular dementia, they lower quality of life and add to
hospitalization and out-of-hospital costs. Proposed
mechanisms include surgical-related trauma, genetic
susceptibility (eg, apolipoprotein E4 allele),
microembolization, other vascular or ischemic changes, and
temperature during surgery. Depression and anxiety levels
predict subjective perception of these deficits more than
objective cognitive performance. Both nonpharmacologic (eg,
emboli reduction, temperature, or glucose management) and
pharmacologic (eg, dexanabinol, glypromate, nootropics)
strategies to prevent post-CABG cognitive deficits are under
investigation. Given the large numbers of subjects who may
already have CABG associated cognitive deficits, clinical
trials of agents being tested for Alzheimer's disease (eg,
donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, neramexane, ginkgo) may
also be informative. The results of multicenter long-term
outcome studies (with matched control groups) as well as
ongoing treatment trials will more conclusively address some
of these issues. These data emphasize the need for
clinicians to monitor cognitive function before and after
coronary bypass surgery, and to educate patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1017/s1092852900022409},
Key = {fds270759}
}
@article{fds270838,
Author = {Hughes, JW and Watkins, L and Blumenthal, JA and Kuhn, C and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Depression and anxiety symptoms are related to increased
24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion among healthy
middle-aged women.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {353-358},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15518669},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression is a risk factor for morbidity and
mortality in a variety of populations, and anxiety has also
been associated with risk of mortality among cardiac
patients. Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system may be
involved in this risk. The primary goal of this study was to
evaluate the relationship between levels of self-reported
symptoms of depression and anxiety and 24-hour urinary
catecholamine excretion. METHOD: Ninety-one women aged 47-55
years were evaluated. Depression symptoms were assessed with
the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and state anxiety was
assessed with the state anxiety portion (SAI) of the
Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Twenty-four hour urine collections were assayed for
epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol (CORT).
EPI, NE and CORT were indexed by body surface area to
control for individual differences in body size. RESULTS:
Higher levels of depression symptoms were associated with
increased 24-hour NE excretion (r=.27, P=.009), with
depressed women (n=17, BDI scores >/=10) exhibiting an
approximately 25% higher rate of urinary NE excretion than
women with BDI scores <10 (n=74), P=.007. Higher levels of
state anxiety were also related to greater NE excretion
(r=.28, P=.01), and CORT excretion was related to both
depression (r=.23, P=.02) and anxiety (r=.22, P=.04).
Depression and anxiety symptoms were unrelated to urinary
EPI excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings that higher
levels of depression and anxiety symptoms are related to
increased 24-hour urinary NE and CORT excretion among women
suggests that depression and anxiety may be associated with
increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, and are
consistent with the possibility that SNS activity may play a
role in the increased mortality associated with depression
in community-dwelling older adults.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.02.016},
Key = {fds270838}
}
@article{fds270855,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Blumenthal, J and Baucom, D and Affleck, G and Waugh, R and Caldwell, DS and Beaupre, P and Kashikar-Zuck, S and Wright, K and Egert, J and Lefebvre, J},
Title = {Effects of spouse-assisted coping skills training and
exercise training in patients with osteoarthritic knee pain:
a randomized controlled study.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {110},
Number = {3},
Pages = {539-549},
Year = {2004},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0304-3959},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15288394},
Abstract = {This study tested the separate and combined effects of
spouse-assisted pain coping skills training (SA-CST) and
exercise training (ET) in a sample of patients having
persistent osteoarthritic knee pain. Seventy-two married
osteoarthritis (OA) patients with persistent knee pain and
their spouses were randomly assigned to: SA-CST alone,
SA-CST plus ET, ET alone, or standard care (SC). Patients in
SA-CST alone, together with their spouses, attended 12
weekly, 2-h group sessions for training in pain coping and
couples skills. Patients in SA-CST + ET received
spouse-assisted coping skills training and attended 12-weeks
supervised ET. Patients in the ET alone condition received
just an exercise program. Data analyses revealed: (1)
physical fitness and strength: the SA-CST + ET and ET alone
groups had significant improvements in physical fitness
compared to SA-CST alone and patients in SA-CST + ET and ET
alone had significant improvements in leg flexion and
extension compared to SA-CST alone and SC, (2) pain coping:
patients in SA-CST + ET and SA-CST alone groups had
significant improvements in coping attempts compared to ET
alone or SC and spouses in SA-CST + ET rated their partners
as showing significant improvements in coping attempts
compared to ET alone or SC, and (3) self-efficacy: patients
in SA-CST + ET reported significant improvements in
self-efficacy and their spouses rated them as showing
significant improvements in self-efficacy compared to ET
alone or SC. Patients receiving SA-CST + ET who showed
increased self-efficacy were more likely to have
improvements in psychological disability. An intervention
that combines spouse-assisted coping skills training and
exercise training can improve physical fitness, strength,
pain coping, and self-efficacy in patients suffering from
pain due to osteoarthritis.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.pain.2004.03.022},
Key = {fds270855}
}
@article{fds270755,
Author = {Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Jaffe, AS and Frasure-Smith, N and Lespérance, F and Sheps, DS and Glassman, AH and O'Connor, CM and Blumenthal, JA and Kaufmann, PG and Czajkowski,
SM},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for post-MI mortality.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {472},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15261955},
Keywords = {Depression • Humans • Myocardial Infarction •
Risk Factors • complications* • mortality* •
psychology},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2004.04.030},
Key = {fds270755}
}
@article{fds270745,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Watkins, LL and Babyak, M and Sherwood, A and Hayano, J and Hinderliter, AL and Waugh, R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of daily stress on autonomic cardiac control in
patients with coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {93},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1292-1294},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15135708},
Keywords = {Coronary Artery Disease • Electrocardiography,
Ambulatory • Female • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • Randomized
Controlled Trials as Topic • Stress, Psychological
• complications* • etiology • physiopathology
• physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Emotional stress has been implicated in the development and
progression of coronary artery disease, with 1 proposed
causal pathway being changes in cardiac autonomic tone. One
hundred thirty-five patients with coronary artery disease
underwent 48 hours of ambulatory electrocardiographic
monitoring and completed activity and mood diaries every 20
minutes while awake. Random-effects model analyses
associated higher levels of negative emotions (e.g., anger,
stress, sadness) with decreases in high- and low-frequency
power, whereas higher levels of positive emotion were
related to an increase in low-frequency power, independent
of age, posture, and medications.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.018},
Key = {fds270745}
}
@article{fds270858,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Carney, RM and Huber, M and Saab, PG and Burg, MM and Sheps, D and Powell, L and Taylor, CB and Kaufmann,
PG},
Title = {Exercise, depression, and mortality after myocardial
infarction in the ENRICHD trial.},
Journal = {Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {36},
Number = {5},
Pages = {746-755},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15126705},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The large and well-characterized population of
acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients studied in the
recently completed Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart
Disease (ENRICHD) multicenter clinical trial provides a
unique opportunity to examine the importance of
self-reported regular physical exercise in a large cohort of
patients with a recent AMI who are depressed or report low
levels of social support. METHODS: We prospectively examined
the association between self-reported physical exercise and
all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity among 2078
men (N = 1175; 56.5%) and women (N = 903; 43.5%) with an AMI
participating in the ENRICHD Trial. Six months after
suffering an AMI, patients were surveyed about their
exercise habits and were then followed for up to 4 yr.
RESULTS: During an average 2 yr of follow-up, 187 fatal
events occurred. Patients reporting regular exercise had
less than half the events (5.7%) of those patients reporting
they did not regularly exercise (12.0%). After adjustment
for medical and demographic variables, the hazard ratio for
fatal events was 0.62 (95% CI = 0.44-0.86, P = 0.004). The
rate of nonfatal AMI among the exercisers was 6.5% compared
with 10.5% who reported no regular exercise. After
adjustment for covariates, the hazard ratio for nonfatal AMI
was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.52-0.99, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: The
present findings demonstrate the potential value of exercise
in reducing mortality and nonfatal reinfarction in AMI
patients at increased risk for adverse events by virtue of
their either being depressed or having low social
support.},
Doi = {10.1249/01.mss.0000125997.63493.13},
Key = {fds270858}
}
@article{fds270854,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Health psychology: what will the future bring?},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {156-157},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15008660},
Abstract = {This commentary highlights several important themes and
trends in this series of articles focusing on the future of
health psychology. First, the challenges posed by changes in
populations will only be met if health psychologists can
develop a contextual competency. Second, with increasing
evidence for the efficacy of health psychology interventions
comes heightened interest in testing the effectiveness of
these interventions. Third, issues of cost-effectiveness of
health psychology will become increasingly important.
Fourth, the growing integration of technological advances
(e.g., telehealth, the Internet) into health psychology has
major implications. Finally, the numerous changes outlined
in this series of articles will demand that health
psychologists extend and refine their theoretical models
including the biopsychosocial model.},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.23.2.156},
Key = {fds270854}
}
@article{fds270859,
Author = {Pierson, LM and Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Babyak, M and Gullette, ECD and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Relationship between exercise systolic blood pressure and
left ventricular geometry in overweight, mildly hypertensive
patients.},
Journal = {Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {22},
Number = {2},
Pages = {399-405},
Year = {2004},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0263-6352},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15076200},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure* • Echocardiography* •
Exercise* • Female • Heart Ventricles •
Humans • Hypertension • Male • Middle Aged
• Obesity • Systole • complications* •
physiopathology* • ultrasonography},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between the graded
exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) response and left
ventricular (LV) geometric structure in patients with
untreated mild hypertension. PARTICIPANTS: The study
included 80 sedentary, overweight patients (43 female and 37
male) with unmedicated high normal blood pressure or stage
1-2 hypertension. METHODS: An echocardiogram was used to
determine LV mass and the relative wall thickness (RWT) in
relation to the chamber dimension. Participants performed a
maximal graded exercise test, and the SBP was recorded at
workloads of 2, 4 and 6 metabolic equivalents and at peak
exercise. Separate statistical models were used to determine
the influence of LV mass indexed for height(2.7) (LVMIh) and
RWT on submaximal exercise SBP and peak exercise SBP,
controlling for resting SBP, age, gender, ethnicity and body
mass index. RESULTS: A greater RWT was associated with a
higher submaximal SBP level (P = 0.038). Neither LVMIh (P =
0.989) nor the interaction of RWT and LVMIh (P = 0.787) were
related to the submaximal SBP. None of the main or
interaction effects of RWT and LVMIh were associated with
the peak exercise SBP level. CONCLUSION: Increases in RWT
were associated with higher submaximal exercise SBP
responses in a sample of overweight, unmedicated
hypertensives. These results suggest that RWT is an
important determinant of the association between cardiac
mass and exercise SBP response.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00004872-200402000-00026},
Key = {fds270859}
}
@article{fds270769,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Waugh, R and Chilukuri, M and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Ethnic differences in left ventricular structure: relations
to hemodynamics and diurnal blood pressure
variation.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-49},
Year = {2004},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14700511},
Keywords = {Adult • African Continental Ancestry Group* •
Blood Pressure • Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
• Body Mass Index • Circadian Rhythm •
Echocardiography • European Continental Ancestry Group*
• Female • Hemodynamics • Humans •
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular • Male • Middle Aged
• United States • Vascular Resistance •
ethnology* • physiology • physiology* •
ultrasonography},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that African
Americans have a greater left ventricular relative wall
thickness than whites with similar levels of blood pressure
(BP), whereas other investigators have documented an
attenuated nocturnal decline in BP and early remodeling of
the resistance vessels in African Americans. METHODS: To
further evaluate the contributions of diurnal BP variation
and vascular remodeling to ethnic differences in left
ventricular geometry, we measured ambulatory BP, systemic
hemodynamics, minimum forearm vascular resistance, and left
ventricular structure in a biracial sample of 171 men and
women between the ages of 25 and 45 years. RESULTS: Despite
similar resting BPs, African Americans had a greater indexed
peripheral resistance, a greater minimal forearm vascular
resistance, and a smaller nocturnal decline in BP than white
subjects. African Americans also had a greater left
ventricular relative wall thickness (0.41 +/- 0.07 v 0.38
+/- 0.08, P =.048) and a trend toward a greater indexed left
ventricular mass (41.1 +/- 8.7 v 38.6 +/- 8.6 g/m(2.7), P
=.087). Ethnic differences in relative wall thickness were
no longer significant when adjusted for either indexed
peripheral resistance (P =.173) or sleep systolic BP (P
=.124). CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of young men and women,
African Americans had a greater left ventricular relative
wall thickness than whites with similar levels of resting
BP. This early concentric remodeling of the left ventricle
in African Americans may be mediated, in part, by
hemodynamic influences, including a greater peripheral
vascular resistance and a smaller nocturnal decline in
BP.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjhyper.2003.08.007},
Key = {fds270769}
}
@article{fds40163,
Author = {Pierson, L.M. and Bacon, S.L. and Sherwood, S. and Hinderliter, A.L. and Babyak, M.A. and Gullette, E.C.D. and Waugh, R. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Relationship between exercise, systolic blood pressure, and
left ventricular geometry in overweight, mildly hypertensive
patients},
Journal = {Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {22},
Pages = {399-405},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds40163}
}
@article{fds270780,
Author = {Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Jaffe, AS and Frasure Smith and N and Lesperance, F and Sheps, DS and Glassman, AH and O'Connor, CM and Blumenthal, JA and Kaufmann, PG and Czajkowski,
SM},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for post-MI mortality [letter to
the editor]},
Journal = {JACC},
Volume = {44},
Number = {2},
Pages = {472},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds270780}
}
@article{fds270781,
Author = {Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Freedland, KE and Youngblood, M and Veith, RC and Burg, MM and Cornell, C and Saab, PG and Kaufmann, PG and Czajkowski, SM and Jaffe, AS and ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Depression and late mortality after myocardial infarction in
the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD)
study.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {66},
Number = {4},
Pages = {466-474},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272090},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
study was a multicenter clinical trial in which patients
with depression and/or low perceived social support after an
acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to an
intervention consisting of cognitive behavior therapy and,
in some cases, sertraline, or to usual care. There was no
difference in survival between the groups. A possible reason
why the intervention failed to affect survival is that too
many patients with mild, transient depression were enrolled.
Another is that some patients died too soon to complete the
intervention. This analysis evaluates whether there was a
difference in late (ie, > or =6 months after the myocardial
infarction) mortality among initially depressed patients who
had a Beck Depression Inventory score > or =10 and a past
history of major depression, and who completed the 6-month
post-treatment assessment. It also examines the relationship
between change in depression and late mortality. METHODS:
Out of the 1,165 (47%) of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease study participants who met our criteria, 57
died in the first 6 months, and 858 (409 usual care, 449
intervention) completed the 6-month assessment. Cox
regression was used to analyze survival. RESULTS: The
intervention did not affect late mortality. However,
intervention patients whose depression did not improve were
at higher risk for late mortality than were patients who
responded to treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients whose
depression is refractory to cognitive behavior therapy and
sertraline, two standard treatments for depression, are at
high risk for late mortality after myocardial
infarction.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000133362.75075.a6},
Key = {fds270781}
}
@article{fds270850,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Watkins, LL and Babyak, M and Sherwood, A and Hayano, J and Hinderliter, AL and Waugh, RW and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The effects of daily stress on autonomic
cardiac},
Journal = {American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {1292-1294},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds270850}
}
@article{fds270860,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Strauman,
T and Robins, C and Newman, MF},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for coronary artery disease:
evidence, mechanisms, and treatment},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {304-315},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15184688},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present paper reviews the evidence that
depression is a risk factor for the development and
progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS:
MEDLINE searches and reviews of bibliographies were used to
identify relevant articles. Articles were clustered by
theme: depression as a risk factor, biobehavioral
mechanisms, and treatment outcome studies. RESULTS:
Depression confers a relative risk between 1.5 and 2.0 for
the onset of CAD in healthy individuals, whereas depression
in patients with existing CAD confers a relative risk
between 1.5 and 2.5 for cardiac morbidity and mortality. A
number of plausible biobehavioral mechanisms linking
depression and CAD have been identified, including treatment
adherence, lifestyle factors, traditional risk factors,
alterations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) and
hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning,
platelet activation, and inflammation. CONCLUSION: There is
substantial evidence for a relationship between depression
and adverse clinical outcomes. However, despite the
availability of effective therapies for depression, there is
a paucity of data to support the efficacy of these
interventions to improve clinical outcomes for depressed CAD
patients. Randomized clinical trials are needed to further
evaluate the value of treating depression in CAD patients to
improve survival and reduce morbidity.},
Key = {fds270860}
}
@article{fds270861,
Author = {Bacon, SL and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise, diet and weight loss on high blood
pressure.},
Journal = {Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {34},
Number = {5},
Pages = {307-316},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15107009},
Abstract = {High blood pressure (BP) is a major health problem in the
US, affecting more than 50 million people. Although high BP
is among the most common reasons for outpatient visits, BP
control is often inadequate. It is well established that BP
can be lowered pharmacologically in hypertensive
individuals; however, anti-hypertensive medications are not
effective for everyone, and may be costly and result in
adverse effects that impair quality of life and reduce
adherence. Moreover, abnormalities associated with high BP,
such as insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia, may persist
or may even be exacerbated by some anti-hypertensive
medications. Consequently, there has been a great deal of
interest in the development and application of behavioural
interventions in the management of high BP. The main
behavioural interventions that are recommended to reduce BP
are exercise and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet. Weight loss is also recommended for BP
reduction in overweight individuals. Exercise alone is
associated with reductions of approximately 3.5 and 2.0mm Hg
in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP),
respectively. Patients fed a DASH diet (a diet high in
low-fat dairy products and fibre, including fruits and
vegetables) had reductions in SBP and DBP of 5.5 and 3.0mm
Hg, respectively, compared with those consuming a standard
US diet. Reductions of approximately 8.5mm Hg SBP and 6.5mm
Hg DBP accompany weight loss of 8 kg. In overweight
hypertensive patients, a combined exercise and weight-loss
intervention has been shown to decrease SBP and DBP by 12.5
and 7.9 mm Hg, respectively. There is evidence to suggest
that these decreases in BP are associated with improvements
in left ventricular structure and function, and peripheral
vascular health. Both exercise training and weight loss have
been shown to decrease left ventricular mass and wall
thickness, reduce arterial stiffness and improve endothelial
function. These data support the role of behavioural
interventions in the treatment of patients with elevations
in BP.},
Doi = {10.2165/00007256-200434050-00003},
Key = {fds270861}
}
@article{fds270862,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Waugh, R and Chilukuri, M and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effects of exercise, diet and weight loss on high blood
pressure},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {17},
Pages = {43-49},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds270862}
}
@article{fds304905,
Author = {Kahn, JP},
Title = {Hostility, coronary risk, and alpha-adrenergic to
beta-adrenergic receptor density ratio.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {66},
Number = {2},
Pages = {289-290},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000117562.61101.9d},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000117562.61101.9d},
Key = {fds304905}
}
@article{fds304094,
Author = {Lett, HS and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Strauman,
T and Robins, C and Newman, MF},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for coronary artery disease:
evidence, mechanisms, and treatment.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {305-315},
Year = {2004},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15184688},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present paper reviews the evidence that
depression is a risk factor for the development and
progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS:
MEDLINE searches and reviews of bibliographies were used to
identify relevant articles. Articles were clustered by
theme: depression as a risk factor, biobehavioral
mechanisms, and treatment outcome studies. RESULTS:
Depression confers a relative risk between 1.5 and 2.0 for
the onset of CAD in healthy individuals, whereas depression
in patients with existing CAD confers a relative risk
between 1.5 and 2.5 for cardiac morbidity and mortality. A
number of plausible biobehavioral mechanisms linking
depression and CAD have been identified, including treatment
adherence, lifestyle factors, traditional risk factors,
alterations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) and
hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning,
platelet activation, and inflammation. CONCLUSION: There is
substantial evidence for a relationship between depression
and adverse clinical outcomes. However, despite the
availability of effective therapies for depression, there is
a paucity of data to support the efficacy of these
interventions to improve clinical outcomes for depressed CAD
patients. Randomized clinical trials are needed to further
evaluate the value of treating depression in CAD patients to
improve survival and reduce morbidity.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000126207.43307.c0},
Key = {fds304094}
}
@article{fds270863,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Langley, LK and Thurston, RC and Whiting, WL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Interaction of Blood Pressure and Adult Age in Memory Search
and Visual Search Performance},
Journal = {Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B,
Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition},
Volume = {10},
Number = {4},
Pages = {241-254},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/anec.10.4.241.28973},
Abstract = {According to one model of the interaction between blood
pressure and adult age, chronically elevated blood pressure
accelerates age-related decline in fluid intelligence. To
test this model, 48 unmedicated individuals with high blood
pressure (HBP) and 48 individuals with normal blood pressure
(NBP), comprising three categories of adult age (20-39,
40-59, and 60-79 years), performed memory search and visual
search tasks. In contrast to the prediction, performance
slowing related to HBP was evident for middle-aged adults,
but not for the older adults, perhaps as a result of
survival and selective attrition effects. There were
specific age-related changes associated with memory search
and visual search, in addition to generalized slowing,
whereas the HBP-related changes were not
task-specific.},
Doi = {10.1076/anec.10.4.241.28973},
Key = {fds270863}
}
@article{fds270870,
Author = {Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Catellier, D and Freedland, KE and Berkman, LF and Watkins, LL and Czajkowski, SM and Hayano, J and Jaffe,
AS},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for mortality after acute
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {92},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1277-1281},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14636903},
Abstract = {The ENRICHD clinical trial, which compared an intervention
for depression and social isolation to usual care, failed to
decrease the rate of mortality and recurrent acute
myocardial infarction (AMI) in post-AMI patients. One
explanation for this is that depression was not associated
with increased mortality in these patients. The purpose of
this study was to determine if depression was associated
with an increased risk of mortality in a subsample of the
ENRICHD trial's depressed patients compared with a group of
nondepressed patients recruited for an ancillary study.
Three hundred fifty-eight depressed patients with an acute
AMI from the ENRICHD clinical trial and 408 nondepressed
patients who met the ENRICHD medical inclusion criteria were
followed for up to 30 months. There were 47 deaths (6.1%)
and 57 nonfatal AMIs (7.4%). After adjusting for other risk
factors, depressed patients were at higher risk for
all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 2.4, 95% confidence
interval 1.2 to 4.7) but not for nonfatal recurrent
infarction (hazard ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to
2.0) compared with nondepressed patients. In conclusion,
depression was an independent risk factor for death after
AMI, but it did not have a significant effect on mortality
until nearly 12 months after the acute event, nor did it
predict nonfatal recurrent infarction.},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.08.007},
Key = {fds270870}
}
@article{fds270690,
Author = {Lucas, S},
Title = {Depression as risk factor for mortality after coronary
artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {362},
Number = {9394},
Pages = {1499-1500},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1474-547X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14701-0},
Keywords = {Cause of Death • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Depressive Disorder • Female • Follow-Up Studies
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Personality Inventory • Proportional Hazards Models
• Risk Factors • Severity of Illness Index •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • mortality •
mortality* • psychology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies that have shown clinical depression to
be a risk factor for cardiac events after coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery have had small sample sizes,
short follow-up, and have not had adequate power to assess
mortality. We sought to assess whether depression is
associated with an increased risk of mortality. METHODS: We
assessed 817 patients undergoing CABG at Duke University
Medical Center between May, 1989, and May, 2001. Patients
completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression
(CES-D) scale before surgery, 6 months after CABG, and were
followed-up for up to 12 years. RESULTS: In 817 patients
there were 122 deaths (15%) in a mean follow-up of 5.2
years. 310 patients (38%) met the criterion for depression
(CES-D > or =16): 213 (26%) for mild depression (CES-D
16-26) and 97 (12%) for moderate to severe depression (CES-D
> or =27). Survival analyses, controlling for age, sex,
number of grafts, diabetes, smoking, left ventricular
ejection fraction, and previous myocardial infarction,
showed that patients with moderate to severe depression at
baseline (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.4, [95% CI 1.4-4.0];
p=0.001) and mild or moderate to severe depression that
persisted from baseline to 6 months (adjusted HR 2.2,
[1.2-4.2]; p=0.015) had higher rates of death than did those
with no depression. CONCLUSIONS: Despite advances in
surgical and medical management of patients after CABG,
depression is an important independent predictor of death
after CABG and should be carefully monitored and treated if
necessary.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14701-0},
Key = {fds270690}
}
@article{fds270727,
Author = {Mackensen, GB and Ti, LK and Phillips-Bute, BG and Mathew, JP and Newman, MF and Grocott, HP and Neurologic Outcome Research Group
(NORG)},
Title = {Cerebral embolization during cardiac surgery: impact of
aortic atheroma burden.},
Journal = {British Journal of Anaesthesia},
Volume = {91},
Number = {5},
Pages = {656-661},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0007-0912},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14570786},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Aortic atheromatous disease is known to be
associated with an increased risk of perioperative stroke in
the setting of cardiac surgery. In this study, we sought to
determine the relationship between cerebral microemboli and
aortic atheroma burden in patients undergoing cardiac
surgery. METHODS: Transoesophageal echocardiographic images
of the ascending, arch and descending aorta were evaluated
in 128 patients to determine the aortic atheroma burden.
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) of the right middle cerebral
artery was performed in order to measure cerebral embolic
load during surgery. Using multivariate linear regression,
the numbers of emboli were compared with the atheroma
burden. RESULTS: After controlling for age, cardiopulmonary
bypass time and the number of bypass grafts, cerebral emboli
were significantly associated with atheroma in the ascending
aorta (R2=0.11, P=0.02) and aortic arch (P=0.013). However,
there was no association between emboli and descending
aortic atheroma burden (R2=0.05, P=0.20). CONCLUSIONS: We
demonstrate a positive relationship between TCD-detected
cerebral emboli and the atheromatous burden of the ascending
aorta and aortic arch. Previously demonstrated associations
between TCD-detectable cerebral emboli and adverse cerebral
outcome may be related to the presence of significant aortic
atheromatous disease.},
Doi = {10.1093/bja/aeg234},
Key = {fds270727}
}
@article{fds270869,
Author = {Parekh, PI and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Merrill, K and Carney,
RM and Davis, RD and Palmer, SM and INSPIRE Investigators},
Title = {Psychiatric disorder and quality of life in patients
awaiting lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {124},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1682-1688},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14605035},
Abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between
psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life in patients
awaiting lung transplantation. SETTING: Duke University
Medical Center/Lung Transplantation Program. PARTICIPANTS:
One hundred patients with end-stage pulmonary disease listed
for lung transplantation. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
Twenty-five percent (n = 25) of the sample met diagnostic
criteria for at least one current mood or anxiety disorder.
Controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, percentage of
predicted FEV, and lung disease diagnosis, patients with a
current psychiatric diagnosis reported poorer general
quality of life (p < 0.0001), poorer disease-specific
quality of life (p < 0.0001), greater shortness of breath (p
= 0.01), more symptoms of psychological distress (p <
0.0001), lower levels of social support (p < 0.0001), and
fewer positive health habits (p < 0.04) than their
counterparts without a psychiatric diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS:
Psychiatric comorbidity affects a significant portion of
patients awaiting lung transplantation and is associated
with decreased health-related quality of
life.},
Doi = {10.1378/chest.124.5.1682},
Key = {fds270869}
}
@article{fds339434,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Newman, M and Babyak, MA and Lett, HS and Mark,
D},
Title = {Depression as risk factor for mortality after coronary
artery bypass surgery},
Journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
Volume = {362},
Number = {9394},
Pages = {1501-1502},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14704-6},
Doi = {10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14704-6},
Key = {fds339434}
}
@article{fds270874,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Sherwood, A and Feinglos, M and Hinderliter, A and Babyak, M and Gullette, E and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on cardiac risk factors
associated with syndrome X.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {163},
Number = {16},
Pages = {1889-1895},
Year = {2003},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12963561},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure • Body Composition •
Body Mass Index • Coronary Artery Disease • Energy
Intake • Exercise* • Female • Glucose
Tolerance Test • Humans • Hyperinsulinism •
Hyperlipidemias • Male • Metabolic Syndrome X
• Oxygen Consumption • Regression Analysis •
Risk Factors • Treatment Outcome • Weight Loss*
• complications • therapy •
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patients with high blood pressure (BP) often
exhibit syndrome X, an aggregation of abnormalities in
carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism associated with
increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The present
study evaluated the effects of a 6-month intervention
involving either aerobic exercise training alone (EX only)
or exercise combined with a structured weight loss program
(EX + WL) on CHD risk factors associated with syndrome X.
METHODS: A total of 53 men and women were selected from a
larger behavioral intervention trial, who showed the
hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and high BP characteristic
of syndrome X. Participants were randomly assigned to EX
only (n = 21), EX + WL (n = 21), or a waiting list control
group (n = 11). Before and following treatment, participants
underwent measurement of glucose tolerance, lipid levels,
and clinical BP. RESULTS: Hyperinsulinemic responses to
glucose challenge were significantly reduced in both the EX
+ WL group (P<.001) and the EX-only group (P =.003).
Participants who showed the largest amount of weight loss
showed the most robust improvements in abnormal insulin
responses (EX + WL group, 47% reduction; EX-only group, 27%
reduction). Diastolic BP was significantly reduced in the EX
+ WL group (96 +/- 4 to 87 +/- 5 mm Hg [mean +/- SD]; P
=.01), but not in the EX-only group (93 +/- 4 to 89 +/- 5 mm
Hg [mean +/- SD]; P =.08). Lipid profile was not
significantly improved by either intervention. CONCLUSION:
These results suggest that EX + WL is an effective treatment
for hyperinsulinemia and lowering of diastolic BP in
patients with the syndrome X.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.163.16.1889},
Key = {fds270874}
}
@article{fds270872,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Lett, HS and Babyak, MA and White, W and Smith, PK and Mark, DB and Jones, R and Mathew, JP and Newman, MF and NORG
Investigators},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for mortality after coronary
artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Lancet},
Volume = {362},
Number = {9384},
Pages = {604-609},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12944059},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies that have shown clinical depression to
be a risk factor for cardiac events after coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery have had small sample sizes,
short follow-up, and have not had adequate power to assess
mortality. We sought to assess whether depression is
associated with an increased risk of mortality. METHODS: We
assessed 817 patients undergoing CABG at Duke University
Medical Center between May, 1989, and May, 2001. Patients
completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression
(CES-D) scale before surgery, 6 months after CABG, and were
followed-up for up to 12 years. FINDINGS: In 817 patients
there were 122 deaths (15%) in a mean follow-up of 5.2
years. 310 patients (38%) met the criterion for depression
(CES-D > or =16): 213 (26%) for mild depression (CES-D
16-26) and 97 (12%) for moderate to severe depression (CES-D
> or =27). Survival analyses, controlling for age, sex,
number of grafts, diabetes, smoking, left ventricular
ejection fraction, and previous myocardial infarction,
showed that patients with moderate to severe depression at
baseline (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.4, [95% CI 1.4-4.0];
p=0.001) and mild or moderate to severe depression that
persisted from baseline to 6 months (adjusted HR 2.2,
[1.2-4.2]; p=0.015) had higher rates of death than did those
with no depression. INTERPRETATION: Despite advances in
surgical and medical management of patients after CABG,
depression is an important independent predictor of death
after CABG and should be carefully monitored and treated if
necessary.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14190-6},
Key = {fds270872}
}
@article{fds270644,
Author = {McCarthy, WJ and Arpawong, TE and Dietsch, BJ and Yancey,
AK},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on hypertension.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {290},
Number = {7},
Pages = {885},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.290.7.885-a},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.290.7.885-a},
Key = {fds270644}
}
@article{fds270750,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Bacon, SL and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on hypertension.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {290},
Number = {7},
Pages = {885-886},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12928457},
Keywords = {Diet* • Exercise* • Health Behavior* • Humans
• Hypertension • Life Style • Weight Loss
• prevention & control*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.290.7.885-b},
Key = {fds270750}
}
@article{fds270865,
Author = {Claar, RL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The Value of Stress-Management Interventions in
Life-Threatening Medical Conditions},
Journal = {Current Directions in Psychological Science},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {133-137},
Publisher = {SAGE Publications},
Year = {2003},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.01248},
Abstract = {Emotional stress has been associated with the development
and progression of several chronic medical conditions.
Recently, researchers have assessed the impact of
stress-management interventions on patients' psychological
functioning, quality of life, and various disease outcomes,
including survival. This review summarizes the value of
stress-management techniques in the treatment of two
important, life-threatening conditions: coronary heart
disease and cancer. Results from randomized clinical trials
indicate that psychological interventions can improve
patients' psychological functioning and quality of life.
However, there is limited evidence to suggest that these
interventions significantly reduce morbidity and
mortality.},
Doi = {10.1111/1467-8721.01248},
Key = {fds270865}
}
@article{fds270868,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Schneiderman, N and Blumenthal, JA and Sheps, DS and Catellier, D and Taylor, CB and Freedland, KE and ENRICHD
Investigators},
Title = {Cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression are associated
with medical comorbidity in patients after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-54},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12851607},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is common in patients with acute
myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with adverse
health outcomes. However, the extent to which clinical
depression is related to comorbid medical conditions is
unknown. This study examined the degree of association
between clinical depression and medical comorbidity in
patients hospitalized with AMI. METHODS: Two thousand four
hundred and eighty-one depressed or socially isolated
patients with AMI were enrolled, as part of the National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease clinical trial. A
structured interview was used to diagnose major and minor
depression and dysthymia; severity of depression was
measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the
Beck Depression Inventory. Level of social support was
measured by the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument. A
modified version of the Charlson Comorbidity Index was used
to measure the cumulative burden of medical comorbidity.
RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for having major
depression increased linearly with medical comorbidity (ORs
1.6, 2.2, 2.7 for each increasing medical comorbidity
category). This relationship remained after adjusting for
coronary heart disease severity (ORs 1.4, 1.7, 1.9, P
<.001). The relationship between severity of depression and
medical comorbidity was also maintained after excluding
somatic symptoms of depression (F = 21.5, P <.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AMI and clinical depression have
significantly greater levels of medical comorbidity than
nondepressed, socially isolated patients. Further research
is needed to determine whether comorbid medical illness
contributes to the more frequent rehospitalizations and
increased risk of mortality associated with
depression.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00083-8},
Key = {fds270868}
}
@article{fds270875,
Author = {Jiang, W and Babyak, MA and Rozanski, A and Sherwood, A and O'Connor,
CM and Waugh, RA and Coleman, RE and Hanson, MW and Morris, JJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Depression and increased myocardial ischemic activity in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-61},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12851608},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is relatively common in patients with
ischemic heart disease (IHD) and is associated with
increased risk of mortality and morbidity. However, the
mechanisms by which depression adversely affects clinical
outcomes of patients with IHD are unknown. This study
examined the relationship between depression and myocardial
ischemia during mental stress testing and during daily
living in patients with stable IHD.Methods and results The
Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D)
was administered to 135 patients with IHD to evaluate
depressive symptoms. Radionuclide ventriculography was used
to evaluate the occurrence of left ventricular wall motion
abnormality (WMA) during mental stress and exercise testing.
Forty-eight-hour ambulatory electrocardiography was used to
assess myocardial ischemia during daily living. The mean
CES-D score was 8.2 (SD 7.4, range 0-47) with a median of 7.
Logistic regression models using restricted cubic splines
revealed a curvilinear relation among CES-D scores and the
probability of ischemia. For patients with CES-D scores
<or=19 (81.5% of study population), a 5-point increment in
the CES-D score was associated with roughly a 2-fold
increase in the likelihood of ischemia during mental stress.
For patients with CES-D scores >19, the relation among
scores and ischemia during mental stress tended to be
inversely related, but the portion of the sample is very
small. Similar patterns of results were noted for CES-D
scores and ischemia during daily life. CONCLUSIONS: Patients
with mild to moderate depressive symptoms (CES-D scores
<or=19) are more likely to exhibit myocardial ischemia
during mental stress testing and during daily living.
Myocardial ischemia may be one mechanism by which depression
increases the risk of mortality and morbidity in patients
with IHD. The observed inverse association between higher
level of depressive symptoms and ischemic activity needs to
be further assessed in large samples.},
Doi = {10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00152-2},
Key = {fds270875}
}
@article{fds270775,
Author = {Djaiani, GN and Phillips-Bute, B and Blumenthal, JA and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome Research Group, and CARE Investigators of
the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Chronic exposure to nicotine does not prevent neurocognitive
decline after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia},
Volume = {17},
Number = {3},
Pages = {341-345},
Year = {2003},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1053-0770},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12827583},
Keywords = {Aged • Cognition • Coronary Artery Bypass* •
Female • Ganglionic Stimulants • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis •
Myocardial Infarction • Nicotine • Postoperative
Complications • Predictive Value of Tests •
Prevalence • Retrospective Studies • Smoking
• Stroke Volume • Time Factors • Treatment
Outcome • adverse effects • drug effects* •
etiology • physiology • physiopathology •
surgery • therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To establish the association between smoking and
cognitive decline in patients undergoing coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective review.
SETTING: Referral center for cardiothoracic surgery at a
university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred seventeen
patients undergoing CABG surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Based on
preoperative data, patients were divided into 2 groups:
smokers (n = 185) and nonsmokers (n = 232). Patients who
smoked half a pack of cigarettes per day within the last 2
years were identified as smokers, and patients who did not
smoke were included in the nonsmoker group. Patients with
less than a seventh grade education; an inability to read;
or a history of one of the following medical conditions:
prior stroke with residual deficit, psychiatric illness,
renal disease (creatinine > 2.0 mg/dL), or active liver
disease; or patients who quit smoking prior to surgery were
excluded from the study. Both groups received similar
anesthetic and surgical management. All patients received a
battery of neurocognitive tests both preoperatively and 6
weeks after CABG surgery. Neurocognitive test scores were
separated into 4 cognitive domains, with a composite
cognitive index (the mean of the four domain scores)
determined for each patient at every testing period.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall rate of cognitive
decline at 6 weeks after surgery in smokers was 36.2%,
whereas nonsmokers showed a deficit rate of 36.6%.
Nonsmokers were significantly older and presented for
surgery on average 6 years later than the smokers. Female
sex represented a considerably larger proportion of patients
in the nonsmoker group. Smokers had a higher prevalence of
myocardial infarction. The univariate analysis of cognitive
change at 6 weeks adjusted for age, baseline cognitive
index, and education years showed no difference between the
2 groups. Sex, history of myocardial infarction,
hypertension, stroke, transient ischemic attack, and
duration of cardiopulmonary bypass did not contribute to the
multivariate logistic regression model and were dropped from
the final analysis. Significant multivariate predictors of
neurocognitive dysfunction included age, left ventricular
ejection fraction, baseline education level, and baseline
cognitive index. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed previous
findings that age, baseline cognitive function, years of
education, and impaired left ventricular function are
independent predictors of neurocognitive decline at 6 weeks
after CABG surgery. Smoking is neither preventive nor
causative of cognitive decline after CABG
surgery.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s1053-0770(03)00047-8},
Key = {fds270775}
}
@article{fds270864,
Author = {Jiang, W and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Depression and ischemic heart disease: overview of the
evidence and treatment implications.},
Journal = {Current Psychiatry Reports},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-54},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1523-3812},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12686002},
Abstract = {In this article, the authors review the evidence that
depression is a risk factor for ischemic heart disease and
examine the efficacy and safety of depression treatments in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Doi = {10.1007/s11920-003-0009-1},
Key = {fds270864}
}
@article{fds270888,
Author = {Mathew, JP and Grocott, HP and Phillips-Bute, B and Stafford-Smith,
M and Laskowitz, DT and Rossignol, D and Blumenthal, JA and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome Research Group of the Duke Heart Center, and Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Research Endeavors
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Lower endotoxin immunity predicts increased cognitive
dysfunction in elderly patients after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation},
Volume = {34},
Number = {2},
Pages = {508-513},
Year = {2003},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1524-4628},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574568},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Aged • Aged, 80 and
over • Antibodies, Bacterial • Cognition Disorders
• Coronary Artery Bypass • Endotoxins •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans •
Immunoglobulin M • Logistic Models • Male •
Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis •
Neuropsychological Tests • Predictive Value of Tests
• Risk Assessment • Risk Factors • adverse
effects* • blood • diagnosis • etiology*
• immunology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although coronary artery bypass
graft surgery (CABG) improves the quality of life and
functional capacity for numerous patients, many also exhibit
impairment in cognitive function immediately after surgery.
Although the etiology of this cognitive decline is
multifactorial, the inflammatory response to the primary
insult may modulate the extent of dysfunction. Patients with
low preoperative levels of anti-endotoxin core antibody
(EndoCAb) are more likely to experience adverse outcomes,
suggesting that decreased immunity to endotoxin causes a
heightened release of inflammatory mediators. We therefore
sought to determine the association of decreased EndoCAb and
the incidence of postoperative cognitive decline. METHODS:
EndoCAb levels were measured before surgery in 460 patients
undergoing elective CABG. Cognitive function was measured
preoperatively and 6 weeks postoperatively. Multivariable
analysis accounted for the effects of age, Parsonnet score,
sex, body mass index, baseline cognition, years of
education, history of hypertension, bypass time, cross-clamp
time, and number of grafts. RESULTS: At 6-week follow-up,
122 patients (36%) showed cognitive decline. Lower
preoperative EndoCAb levels were associated with a greater
incidence and severity of postoperative cognitive decline.
The elderly with decreased endotoxin immunity are
particularly susceptible to this decline (relative risk=1.97
for age >64). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced preoperative endotoxin
immunity is a predictor of increased postoperative cognitive
dysfunction in patients undergoing CABG, particularly in
those >60 years old. Interventions that increase IgM EndoCAb
levels might improve cognitive function after cardiac
surgery.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/01.str.0000053844.09493.58},
Key = {fds270888}
}
@article{fds270645,
Author = {Berkman, LF and Blumenthal, J and Burg, M and Czajkowski, SM and Watkins, L},
Title = {Treating depression and low perceived social support after
myocardial infarction does not increase event-free
survival},
Journal = {Evidence Based Cardiovascular Medicine},
Volume = {7},
Number = {4},
Pages = {199-200},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {2003},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcm.2003.08.004},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ebcm.2003.08.004},
Key = {fds270645}
}
@article{fds40111,
Author = {Mathew, J.P. and Grocott, H.P. and Phillips-Bute, B. and Stafford-Smith, M. and Laskowitz, D.T. and Rossignol, D. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Newman, M.F. for the NORG and CARE
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Lower endotoxin immunity predicts increased cognitive
dysfunction in elderly patients after cardiac
surgery},
Journal = {Stroke},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {508-513},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds40111}
}
@article{fds40147,
Author = {Watkins, L.L. and Sherwood, A. and Feinglos, M. and Hinderliter, A.L. and Babyak, M. and Gulette, E. and Waugh, R. and Blumenthal,
J.A},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on cardiac risk factors
associated with Syndrome X},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {163},
Pages = {1889-1895},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds40147}
}
@article{fds40151,
Author = {Mathew, J.P. and Grocott, H.P. and Phillips-Bute, B. and Stafford-Smith, M. and Laskowitz, D.T. and Rossignol, D. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Newman, M.F. for the NORG and CARE
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Lower endotoxin immunity predicts increased cognitive
dysfunction in elderly patients after cardiac
surgery},
Journal = {Stroke},
Volume = {34},
Pages = {508-513},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds40151}
}
@article{fds270866,
Author = {Phillips Bute and B and Mathew, J and Blumenthal, JA and Welsh-Bohmer,
K and White, WD and Mark, D and Landolfo, K and Newman,
MF},
Title = {Female gender is associated with impaired quality of life 1
year after coronary artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {65},
Number = {6},
Pages = {944-951},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14645771},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gender-related differences in quality
of life (QOL) and cognitive function 1 year after coronary
artery bypass surgery (CABG) after adjusting for known
baseline differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred
eighty patients (96 women and 184 men) underwent
neurocognitive and QOL evaluation at baseline
(preoperatively) and at 1 year after CABG. Multivariable
linear regression was used to assess the relationship of
gender to follow-up QOL and cognitive function. Measures
used to evaluate QOL were IADL, DASI, work activities
(SF-36), social activities, social support, general health
perception (SF-36), CESD, STAI, and symptom limitations.
Cognitive function was measured with a battery of
performance-based neuropsychological tests, reduced to a
four-cognitive domain scores with factor analysis, and a
self-report measure of cognitive difficulties. Covariates in
multiple regression models included age, years of education,
marital status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, hypertension,
diabetes, race, and baseline QOL/cognitive status. RESULTS:
Female patients showed significantly worse outcome than male
patients at 1 year follow-up in several key areas of QOL.
After adjusting for baseline differences, women are at
greater risk for increased cognitive difficulties (p= 0.04)
and anxiety (p= 0.03), as well as impaired DASI (p= 0.02),
IADL (p= 0.03), and work activities (p= 0.02). Cognitive
sequelae attributable to bypass surgery were similar between
men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Even after adjusting for known
risk factors for compromised QOL and cognitive functioning,
women do not show the same long-term quality benefits of
CABG surgery that men do.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000097342.24933.a2},
Key = {fds270866}
}
@article{fds270867,
Author = {Mitchell, PH and Powell, L and Blumenthal, J and Norten, J and Ironson,
G and Pitula, CR and Froelicher, ES and Czajkowski, S and Youngblood, M and Huber, M and Berkman, LF},
Title = {A short social support measure for patients recovering from
myocardial infarction: the ENRICHD Social Support
Inventory.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {23},
Number = {6},
Pages = {398-403},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-200311000-00001},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-200311000-00001},
Key = {fds270867}
}
@article{fds270871,
Author = {Investigators, WCFTENRICHD},
Title = {Effects of treating depression and low perceived social
support on clinical events after myocardial
infarction},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {289},
Number = {23},
Pages = {3106-3116},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.23.3106},
Abstract = {CONTEXT: Depression and low perceived social support (LPSS)
after myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with higher
morbidity and mortality, but little is known about whether
this excess risk can be reduced through treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether mortality and recurrent
infarction are reduced by treatment of depression and LPSS
with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), supplemented with a
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant
when indicated, in patients enrolled within 28 days after
MI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Randomized clinical trial
conducted from October 1996 to April 2001 in 2481 MI
patients (1084 women, 1397 men) enrolled from 8 clinical
centers. Major or minor depression was diagnosed by modified
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition criteria and severity by the 17-item Hamilton
Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD); LPSS was determined by
the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Patients
(ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument (ESSI). Random
allocation was to usual medical care or CBT-based
psychosocial intervention. INTERVENTION: Cognitive behavior
therapy was initiated at a median of 17 days after the index
MI for a median of 11 individual sessions throughout 6
months, plus group therapy when feasible, with SSRIs for
patients scoring higher than 24 on the HRSD or having a less
than 50% reduction in Beck Depression Inventory scores after
5 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Composite primary end point
of death or recurrent MI; secondary outcomes included change
in HRSD (for depression) or ESSI scores (for LPSS) at 6
months. RESULTS: Improvement in psychosocial outcomes at 6
months favored treatment: mean (SD) change in HRSD score,
-10.1 (7.8) in the depression and psychosocial intervention
group vs -8.4 (7.7) in the depression and usual care group
(P<.001); mean (SD) change in ESSI score, 5.1 (5.9) in the
LPSS and psychosocial intervention group vs 3.4 (6.0) in the
LPSS and usual care group (P<.001). After an average
follow-up of 29 months, there was no significant difference
in event-free survival between usual care (75.9%) and
psychosocial intervention (75.8%). There were also no
differences in survival between the psychosocial
intervention and usual care arms in any of the 3
psychosocial risk groups (depression, LPSS, and depression
and LPSS patients). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention did not
increase event-free survival. The intervention improved
depression and social isolation, although the relative
improvement in the psychosocial intervention group compared
with the usual care group was less than expected due to
substantial improvement in usual care patients.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.289.23.3106},
Key = {fds270871}
}
@article{fds270873,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Bacon, SL},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on hypertension: Letter
to the Editor},
Journal = {JAMA},
Volume = {290},
Pages = {885-886},
Year = {2003},
Key = {fds270873}
}
@article{fds270876,
Author = {Hughes, JW and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Suarez, EC and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Hostility, social support, and adrenergic receptor
responsiveness among African-American and white men and
women.},
Journal = {Psychosom Med},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {582-587},
Year = {2003},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12883108},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness and hostility and
social support in African American and white men and women.
METHODS: The participants were 149 men and women, aged 25 to
45 years with SBP < 160 and DBP < 105. Hostility and social
support were assessed with standardized self-report
measures. An isoproterenol challenge was used to evaluate
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness, and a phenylephrine
challenge was used to evaluate alpha-adrenergic receptor
responsiveness. RESULTS: Hostility and social support were
unrelated to alpha-adrenergic receptor responsiveness.
Hostility and satisfaction with perceived social support
predicted beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness in
multiple linear regression analyses controlling for race,
gender, age, SBP, and resting heart rate. High hostility was
associated with reduced cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor
function among both white and African American men. Low
levels of satisfaction with social support were associated
with reduced cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness
among men and women. Hostility and satisfaction with social
support shared some variance in models predicting
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS:
Reduced beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness is
associated with higher levels of hostility among men, and is
associated with lower levels of satisfaction with social
support among men and women. Impaired beta-adrenergic
receptor function, which is a common characteristic of
cardiovascular disease, may be a marker of increased
cardiovascular disease risk among individuals high in
hostility and low in social support.},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000041546.04128.43},
Key = {fds270876}
}
@article{fds270877,
Author = {Herman, S and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, M and Khatri, P and Craighead,
WE and Krishnan, KR and Doraiswamy, PM},
Title = {Exercise therapy for depression in middle-aged and older
adults: predictors of early dropout and treatment
failure.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {21},
Number = {6},
Pages = {553-563},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12433007},
Abstract = {Psychosocial factors predicting treatment dropout or failure
to benefit from treatment were identified in a randomized
trial of exercise therapy and pharmacotherapy for major
depression. One hundred fifty-six men and women over age 50
diagnosed with major depressive disorder were assigned to a
16-week program of aerobic exercise, medication
(sertraline), or a combination of exercise and medication.
Thirty-two patients (21%) failed to complete the program and
were considered treatment "dropouts." At the end of 16
weeks, 83 patients (53%) were in remission; the remaining
patients not in remission were considered treatment
"failures." Baseline levels of self-reported anxiety and
lift satisfaction were the best predictors of both patient
dropout and treatment success or failure across all
treatment conditions.},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.21.6.553},
Key = {fds270877}
}
@article{fds270878,
Author = {Napolitano, MA and Babyak, MA and Palmer, S and Tapson, V and Davis, RD and Blumenthal, JA and Investigational Study of Psychological
Intervention in Recipients of Lung Transplant (INSPIRE)
Investigators},
Title = {Effects of a telephone-based psychosocial intervention for
patients awaiting lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1176-1184},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12377839},
Abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: To test the efficacy of a tailored
telephone-based intervention consisting of supportive
counseling and cognitive behavioral techniques for
individuals awaiting lung transplantation on measures of
quality of life and general well-being. METHOD: Patients
were randomly assigned to either a telephone-based special
intervention (SI; n = 36) for 8 weeks (average session
length, 16.3 min) or a usual care (UC) control condition (n
= 35) in which subjects received usual medical care but no
special treatment or phone calls. At baseline, and
immediately following the 8-week intervention, patients
completed a psychometric test battery. SETTING: Duke
University Medical Center, Pulmonary Transplantation
Program. PATIENTS: Seventy-one patients with end-stage
pulmonary disease listed for lung transplantation. PRIMARY
OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures of health-related quality of life
(both general and disease-specific), general psychological
well-being, and social support. RESULTS: Multivariate
analysis of covariance, adjusting for pretreatment baseline
scores, age, gender, and time waiting on the transplant
list, revealed that patients in the SI condition compared to
the UC reported greater general well-being (p < 0.05),
better general quality of life (p < 0.01), better
disease-specific quality of life (p < 0.05), and higher
levels of social support (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: A brief,
relatively inexpensive, telephone-based psychosocial
intervention is an effective method for reducing distress
and increasing health-related quality of life in patients
awaiting lung transplantation.},
Doi = {10.1378/chest.122.4.1176},
Key = {fds270878}
}
@article{fds270643,
Author = {Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Stein, PK and Watkins, L and Catellier, D and Berkman, LF and Czajkowski, SM and O'Connor, C and Stone, PH and Freedland, KE},
Title = {Depression, heart rate variability, and acute myocardial
infarction},
Journal = {Revista De Psiquiatria Clinica},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {158-159},
Year = {2002},
Month = {September},
Key = {fds270643}
}
@article{fds270642,
Author = {Prattichizzo, FA and Galetta, F},
Title = {Blunted nighttime blood pressure dipping in postmenopausal
women.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {15},
Number = {7 Pt 1},
Pages = {662},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02930-8},
Doi = {10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02930-8},
Key = {fds270642}
}
@article{fds270880,
Author = {Swaminathan, M and McCreath, BJ and Phillips-Bute, BG and Newman, MF and Mathew, JP and Smith, PK and Blumenthal, JA and Stafford-Smith, M and Perioperative Outcomes Research Group},
Title = {Serum creatinine patterns in coronary bypass surgery
patients with and without postoperative cognitive
dysfunction.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12088934},
Abstract = {UNLABELLED: Renal dysfunction is common after coronary
artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We have previously shown
that CABG procedures complicated by stroke have a threefold
greater peak serum creatinine level relative to
uncomplicated surgery. However, postoperative creatinine
patterns for procedures complicated by cognitive dysfunction
are unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that
postoperative cognitive dysfunction is associated with acute
perioperative renal injury after CABG surgery. Data were
prospectively gathered for 282 elective CABG surgery
patients. Psychometric tests were performed at baseline and
6 wk after surgery. Cognitive dysfunction was defined both
as a dichotomous variable (cognitive deficit [CD]) and as a
continuous variable (cognitive index). Forty percent of
patients had CD at 6 wk. However, the association between
peak percentage change in postoperative creatinine and CD
(parameter estimate = -0.41; P = 0.91) or cognitive index
(parameter estimate = -1.29; P = 0.46) was not significant.
These data indicate that postcardiac surgery cognitive
dysfunction, unlike stroke, is not associated with major
increases in postoperative renal dysfunction. IMPLICATIONS:
We previously noted that patients with postcardiac surgery
stroke also have greater acute renal injury than unaffected
patients. However, in the same setting, we found no
difference in renal injury between patients with and without
cognitive dysfunction. Factors responsible for subtle
postoperative cognitive dysfunction do not appear to be
associated with clinically important renal
effects.},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-200207000-00001},
Key = {fds270880}
}
@article{fds270881,
Author = {Hinderliter, A and Sherwood, A and Gullette, ECD and Babyak, M and Waugh, R and Georgiades, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy after exercise and
weight loss in overweight patients with mild
hypertension.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {162},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1333-1339},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12076231},
Keywords = {Adult • Analysis of Variance • Exercise* •
Female • Humans • Hypertension • Hypertrophy,
Left Ventricular • Male • Middle Aged •
Obesity • Patient Compliance • Severity of Illness
Index • Time Factors • Treatment Outcome •
Waiting Lists • Weight Loss* • complications
• etiology • physiopathology •
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypertrophy and concentric remodeling of the
left ventricle are important manifestations of hypertension
that are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
Although lifestyle interventions are efficacious in lowering
blood pressure, evidence that they have a beneficial effect
on target organs has been lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the
effects of regular aerobic exercise or exercise plus weight
management counseling on left ventricular mass and geometry
in overweight, sedentary men and women with high-normal or
mildly elevated blood pressure. METHODS: Eighty-two
participants in a randomized, controlled trial were assigned
to supervised aerobic exercise only, a behavioral weight
management program that included exercise, or a waiting-list
control group for 6 months. Blood pressure and
echocardiographic measures of left ventricular structure
were measured at baseline and at the conclusion of the
treatment phase. RESULTS: The 45 women and 37 men had a mean
+/- SD age of 47 +/- 9 years and had a mean +/- SD blood
pressure of 140 +/- 10/93 +/- 5 mm Hg. Blood pressure fell
by 7/6 mm Hg in the weight management group and by 3/4 mm Hg
in the aerobic exercise group. In association with these
decreases in blood pressure, participants in the
intervention groups exhibited significant decreases in left
ventricular relative wall thickness (P =.003), posterior
wall thickness (P =.05), and septal thickness (P =.004) and
a trend toward a decrease in indexed left ventricular mass
(P =.08) relative to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In a
cohort of overweight, sedentary men and women, exercise and
weight loss reduced blood pressure and induced favorable
changes in left ventricular structure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.162.12.1333},
Key = {fds270881}
}
@article{fds270884,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Gullette, ECD and Georgiades, A and Tweedy, D},
Title = {Biobehavioral approaches to the treatment of essential
hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {569-589},
Year = {2002},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12090370},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • Exercise • Humans •
Hypertension • Weight Loss • diet therapy •
methods* • therapy*},
Abstract = {Despite recent advances in the medical management of
hypertension, chronically elevated blood pressure remains a
major health problem in the United States, affecting almost
50 million Americans. It is widely recognized that lifestyle
factors contribute to the development and maintenance of
elevated blood pressure. This article critically reviews
current approaches to the nonpharmacological treatment of
high blood pressure and highlights outcome studies of
exercise, weight loss and dietary modification, and stress
management and relaxation therapies. Methodological issues
in the assessment and treatment of hypertension are
discussed, along with possible mechanisms by which lifestyle
modification may reduce elevated blood pressure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.70.3.569},
Key = {fds270884}
}
@article{fds270885,
Author = {Hinderliter, AL and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Light, KC and Girdler, SS and McFetridge, J and Johnson, K and Waugh,
R},
Title = {Changes in hemodynamics and left ventricular structure after
menopause.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {7},
Pages = {830-833},
Year = {2002},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11909568},
Abstract = {To evaluate the cardiovascular changes associated with
menopause, we studied hemodynamics at rest, ambulatory blood
pressure, and left ventricular structure in a biracial
cohort of pre- and postmenopausal women of similar age,
race, weight, and blood pressure. Despite similar levels of
blood pressure, postmenopausal women had a higher indexed
peripheral resistance (2,722 +/- 757 vs 2,262 +/- 661
dynes.s.m(2)/cm(5), p <0.01) and a lower cardiac index (2.64
+/- 0.73 vs 3.10 +/- 0.71 L/min.m(2), p <0.01) than
premenopausal women. Postmenopausal women also had less
nocturnal decreases in both systolic (15 +/- 8 vs 19 +/- 8
mm Hg, p <0.01) and diastolic (12 +/- 6 vs 15 +/- 6 mm Hg, p
= 0.05) pressures during ambulatory monitoring and higher
levels of hematocrit (40 +/- 2% vs 38 +/- 3%, p <0.01). In
association with this greater hemodynamic load,
postmenopausal women had evidence of early concentric left
ventricular remodeling, manifested by a greater relative
wall thickness (0.38 +/- 0.06 vs 0.35 +/- 0.06, p <0.01)
than that observed in premenopausal women. Differences
between pre- and postmenopausal women in hemodynamics,
diurnal blood pressure variation, and left ventricular
structure were observed in white and African-American
subjects. These results suggest that menopause is associated
with hemodynamic changes and left ventricular remodeling,
which may contribute to the enhanced cardiovascular risk
observed in postmenopausal women.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02193-8},
Key = {fds270885}
}
@article{fds270782,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Carney, RM},
Title = {Association of anxiety with reduced baroreflex cardiac
control in patients after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {143},
Number = {3},
Pages = {460-466},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11868052},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although depression has been associated with
increased mortality in patients after acute myocardial
infarction (AMI), little is known about the effects of
depression on autonomic nervous system control of heart
rate. This study evaluated whether depression is associated
with impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in patients with
AMI. METHODS: Two hundred four hospitalized patients with
AMI were evaluated 6 +/- 3 (mean +/- SD) days after AMI. BRS
was assessed using cross-spectral analysis to measure
baroreceptor-mediated R-R interval oscillations. Depression
was determined using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, and
severity of depressive symptoms was measured with the Beck
Depression Inventory. In order to adjust for possible
differences in anxiety, we also measured state anxiety using
the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: Depression
was not significantly related to BRS. However, anxiety was
significantly related to low BRS in multivariate analysis,
after the potentially confounding variables of age, blood
pressure, and respiratory frequency were controlled for.
Comparison of groups with high and low anxiety (on the basis
of a median split of state anxiety scores) showed that BRS
was reduced by approximately 20% in the patients with the
higher anxiety scores (4.7 +/- 3.2 ms/mm Hg vs 5.7 +/- 3.3
ms/mm Hg, P <.05), after adjustment for differences in age,
blood pressure, and respiratory frequency. CONCLUSIONS: High
levels of anxiety, but not depression, are associated with
reduced vagal control in patients after AMI.},
Doi = {10.1067/mhj.2002.120404},
Key = {fds270782}
}
@article{fds270783,
Author = {Stanley, TO and Mackensen, GB and Grocott, HP and White, WD and Blumenthal, JA and Laskowitz, DT and Landolfo, KP and Reves, JG and Mathew, JP and Newman, MF and Neurological Outcome Research Group, and CARE Investigators of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {The impact of postoperative atrial fibrillation on
neurocognitive outcome after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
Volume = {94},
Number = {2},
Pages = {290-295},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11812686},
Abstract = {UNLABELLED: Neurocognitive decline is a continuing source of
morbidity after cardiac surgery. Atrial fibrillation occurs
often after cardiac surgery and has been linked to adverse
neurologic events. We sought to determine whether
postoperative atrial fibrillation was associated with
postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Four-hundred-eleven
patients were enrolled to receive a battery of
neurocognitive tests both preoperatively and 6 wk after
elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Neurocognitive test scores were separated into four
cognitive domains, with a composite cognitive index (the
mean of the four domain scores) determined for each patient
at every testing period. Multivariable analysis controlling
for age, years of education, diabetes mellitus, left
ventricular ejection fraction, and preoperative atrial
fibrillation compared the presence of postoperative atrial
fibrillation with change in cognitive function.
Three-hundred-eight patients completed both pre- and
postoperative cognitive testing; 69 patients (22%) had
postoperative atrial fibrillation. Those who developed
atrial fibrillation showed more cognitive decline than those
who did not develop postoperative atrial fibrillation (P =
0.036). Atrial fibrillation was associated with poorer
cognitive function 6 wk after surgery. Although the
mechanism of this association is yet to be determined,
prevention of atrial fibrillation may result in improved
neurocognitive function. IMPLICATIONS: Neurocognitive
dysfunction is common after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery. The relationship between atrial fibrillation and
neurocognitive dysfunction has not been examined. Our study
shows that postoperative atrial fibrillation is associated
with neurocognitive decline.},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-200202000-00011},
Key = {fds270783}
}
@article{fds270883,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Steffen, PR and Blumenthal, JA and Kuhn, C and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Nighttime blood pressure dipping: the role of the
sympathetic nervous system.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {15},
Number = {2 Pt 1},
Pages = {111-118},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11863245},
Keywords = {Adult • African Americans • African Continental
Ancestry Group • Blood Pressure • Circadian
Rhythm* • European Continental Ancestry Group •
Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Reference Values • Sympathetic Nervous System •
physiology*},
Abstract = {There is a marked diurnal variation in blood pressure (BP),
with BP dipping to its lowest levels during nighttime sleep.
A day-night dip in systolic BP (SBP) of <10% has been used
to characterize individuals as nondippers, and is associated
with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The
present study examined the contribution of the sympathetic
nervous system (SNS) to BP dipping in a biracial sample of
172 men and women aged 25 to 45 years. Assessments included
24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and both waking and sleeping
urinary catecholamines. In addition, cardiovascular alpha-
and beta-adrenergic receptor (AR) responsiveness was
determined by the doses of isoproterenol and phenylephrine
required to attain an increase in heart rate of 25 points
(CD25) and BP (PD25), respectively. Compared with dippers (n
= 116), nondippers (n = 56) were more likely to be African
American and to have a family history of hypertension as
well as a higher body mass index (BMI). The nighttime fall
in both norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) excretion
rates was reduced in nondippers compared with dippers (NE
dip 9.3 v 13.1 microg/mg; EPI dip 2.7 v 4.0 microg/mg; both
P < .05). Nondippers also were characterized by heightened
alpha1-AR responsiveness compared with dippers (PD25 = 252 v
321 microg, P < .05). These data suggest that the SNS may
contribute to individual differences in nighttime BP
dipping, and appears to account in part for blunted BP
dipping in African Americans.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02251-8},
Key = {fds270883}
}
@article{fds270886,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, M and Wei, J and O'Connor, C and Waugh, R and Eisenstein, E and Mark, D and Sherwood, A and Woodley, PS and Irwin, RJ and Reed, G},
Title = {Usefulness of psychosocial treatment of mental
stress-induced myocardial ischemia in men.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {164-168},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11792336},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of exercise and stress
management training on clinical outcomes and medical
expenditures over a 5-year follow-up period in 94 male
patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) and
evidence of ambulatory or mental stress-induced myocardial
ischemia. Patients were randomly assigned to 4 months of
aerobic exercise 3 times per week or to a 1.5-hour weekly
class on stress management; patients who lived too far from
Duke to participate in the weekly treatments formed the
usual care control group. Follow-up was performed at the end
of treatment and annually thereafter for 5 years. Stress
management was associated with a significant reduction in
clinical CAD events relative to usual care over each of the
first 2 years of follow-up and after 5 years. Economic
analyses revealed that stress management was associated with
lower medical costs than usual care and exercise in the
first 2 years, and that the cumulative cost over 5 years was
also lower for stress management relative to usual care.
These results suggest that there may be clinical and
economic benefit to offering the type of preventive stress
management and exercise interventions provided to patients
with myocardial ischemia. Moreover, these findings suggest
that the financial benefits that accrue from an
appropriately targeted intervention may be substantial and
immediate.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(01)02194-4},
Key = {fds270886}
}
@article{fds270887,
Author = {Grigore, AM and Grocott, HP and Mathew, JP and Phillips-Bute, B and Stanley, TO and Butler, A and Landolfo, KP and Reves, JG and Blumenthal,
JA and Newman, MF and Neurologic Outcome Research Group of the
Duke Heart Center},
Title = {The rewarming rate and increased peak temperature alter
neurocognitive outcome after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
Volume = {94},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-10},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11772792},
Abstract = {UNLABELLED: Neurocognitive dysfunction is a common
complication after cardiac surgery. We evaluated in this
prospective study the effect of rewarming rate on
neurocognitive outcome after hypothermic cardiopulmonary
bypass (CPB). After IRB approval and informed consent, 165
coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients were studied.
Patients received similar surgical and anesthetic management
until rewarming from hypothermic (28 degrees -32 degrees C)
CPB. Group 1 (control; n = 100) was warmed in a conventional
manner (4 degrees -6 degrees C gradient between
nasopharyngeal and CPB perfusate temperature) whereas Group
2 (slow rewarm; n = 65) was warmed at a slower rate,
maintaining no more than 2 degrees C difference between
nasopharyngeal and CPB perfusate temperature. Neurocognitive
function was assessed at baseline and 6 wk after coronary
artery bypass graft surgery. Univariable analysis revealed
no significant differences between the Control and Slow
Rewarming groups in the stroke rate. Multivariable linear
regression analysis, examining treatment group, diabetes,
baseline cognitive function, and cross-clamp time revealed a
significant association between change in cognitive function
and rate of rewarming (P = 0.05). IMPLICATIONS: Slower
rewarming during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was associated
with better cognitive performance at 6 wk. These results
suggest that a slower rewarming rate with lower peak
temperatures during CPB may be an important factor in the
prevention of neurocognitive decline after hypothermic
CPB.},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-200201000-00002},
Key = {fds270887}
}
@article{fds40116,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Sherwood, A. and Gullette, E.D. and Georgiades, A. and Tweedy, D.},
Title = {Biobehavioral approaches to the treatment of
hypertension},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {70},
Number = {3},
Pages = {569-589},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds40116}
}
@article{fds40119,
Author = {Hinderliter, A. and Sherwood, A. and Gullette, E.C.D. and Babyak, M. and Waugh, R. and Georgiades, A. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy after exercise and
weight loss in overweight patients with mild
hypertension},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {162},
Pages = {1333-1339},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds40119}
}
@article{fds270776,
Author = {Brosse, AL and Sheets, ES and Lett, HS and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Exercise and the treatment of clinical depression in adults:
recent findings and future directions.},
Journal = {Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {32},
Number = {12},
Pages = {741-760},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12238939},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over
• Chronic Disease • Depression • Exercise*
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• diagnosis • epidemiology •
therapy*},
Abstract = {This article critically reviews the evidence that exercise
is effective in treating depression in adults. Depression is
recognised as a mood state, clinical syndrome and
psychiatric condition, and traditional methods for assessing
depression (e.g. standard interviews, questionnaires) are
described. In order to place exercise therapy into context,
more established methods for treating clinical depression
are discussed. Observational (e.g. cross-sectional and
correlational) and interventional studies of exercise are
reviewed in healthy adults, those with comorbid medical
conditions, and patients with major depression. Potential
mechanisms by which exercise may reduce depression are
described, and directions for future research in the area
are suggested. The available evidence provides considerable
support for the value of exercise in reducing depressive
symptoms in both healthy and clinical populations. However,
many studies have significant methodological limitations.
Thus, more data from carefully conducted clinical trials are
needed before exercise can be recommended as an alternative
to more traditional, empirically validated pharmacological
and behavioural therapies.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2165/00007256-200232120-00001},
Key = {fds270776}
}
@article{fds270879,
Author = {Bross, AL and Sheets, ES and Lett, HS and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Exercise and the treatment of clinical depression in
adults},
Journal = {Sports Medicine},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {741-760},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds270879}
}
@article{fds270882,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Gullette, ECD and Hinderliter, AL and Georgiades, A and Babyak, M and Waugh, RA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Relationship of clinic, ambulatory, and laboratory stress
blood pressure to left ventricular mass in overweight men
and women with high blood pressure.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {247-257},
Year = {2002},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11914440},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the
relationship between left ventricular (LV) mass and blood
pressure (BP) recorded in the following contexts: in the
clinic, using standard auscultatory procedures, during a
typical day using ambulatory BP monitoring, and in the
laboratory environment during behavioral stress testing.
METHODS: Ninety-seven men and women with clinic systolic
blood pressure (SBP) of 130 to 180 mm Hg and/or diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) of 85 to 110 mm Hg and mild to moderate
obesity were included in the study. Laboratory stressors
included the following tasks: Public Speaking; Anger
Interview; Mirror Trace; and Cold Pressor. LV mass was
measured using echocardiography and adjusted for body size
by dividing by height(2.7) to yield LV mass index (LVMI).
RESULTS: LVMI was positively correlated with clinic SBP (r =
0.24, p <.05), ambulatory SBP (r = 0.34, p <.01), and
aggregated laboratory stress SBP (r = 0.28, p <.01). Of the
individual stressors, only SBP responses to the Mirror Trace
and Cold Pressor tasks were independently correlated with
LVMI (r = 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, p values <.01).
Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that laboratory
stress SBP remained a significant predictor of LVMI, after
controlling for BMI and clinic pressure. CONCLUSIONS: These
findings suggest that cardiovascular responses to behavioral
stress are associated with individual differences in LVMI in
men and women with high blood pressure who are overweight.
Laboratory studies of behavioral stress may help promote our
understanding of the pathophysiology of LVH.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-200203000-00007},
Key = {fds270882}
}
@article{fds270768,
Author = {Newman, MF and Grocott, HP and Mathew, JP and White, WD and Landolfo, K and Reves, JG and Laskowitz, DT and Mark, DB and Blumenthal, JA and Neurologic Outcome Research Group and the Cardiothoracic
Anesthesia Research Endeavors (CARE) Investigators of the
Duke Heart Center},
Title = {Report of the substudy assessing the impact of
neurocognitive function on quality of life 5 years after
cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation},
Volume = {32},
Number = {12},
Pages = {2874-2881},
Year = {2001},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1524-4628},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11739990},
Keywords = {Age Distribution • Cardiac Surgical Procedures* •
Cognition Disorders • Comorbidity • Diabetes
Mellitus • Educational Status • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Health Status • Humans •
Logistic Models • Male • Middle Aged •
Multivariate Analysis • Neuropsychological Tests •
North Carolina • Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
• Postoperative Complications • Quality of Life*
• Sex Distribution • Time • adverse effects
• diagnosis • epidemiology • epidemiology*
• statistics & numerical data • statistics &
numerical data*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The importance of perioperative
cognitive decline has long been debated. We recently
demonstrated a significant correlation between perioperative
cognitive decline and long-term cognitive dysfunction.
Despite this association, some still question the importance
of these changes in cognitive function to the quality of
life of patients and their families. The purpose of our
investigation was to determine the association between
cognitive dysfunction and long-term quality of life after
cardiac surgery. METHODS: After institutional review board
approval and patient informed consent, 261 patients
undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were
enrolled and followed for 5 years. Cognitive function was
measured with a battery of tests at baseline, discharge, and
6 weeks and 5 years postoperatively. Quality of life was
assessed with well-validated, standardized assessments at
the 5-year end point. RESULTS: Our results demonstrate
significant correlations between cognitive function and
quality of life in patients after cardiac surgery. Lower
5-year overall cognitive function scores were associated
with lower general health and a less productive working
status. Multivariable logistic and linear regression
controlling for age, sex, education, and diabetes confirmed
this strong association in the majority of areas of quality
of life. CONCLUSIONS: Five years after cardiac surgery,
there is a strong relationship between neurocognitive
functioning and quality of life. This has important social
and financial implications for preoperative evaluation and
postoperative care of patients undergoing cardiac
surgery.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/hs1201.099803},
Key = {fds270768}
}
@article{fds270738,
Author = {Grigore, AM and Mathew, J and Grocott, HP and Reves, JG and Blumenthal,
JA and White, WD and Smith, PK and Jones, RH and Kirchner, JL and Mark, DB and Newman, MF and Neurological Outcome Research Group, and CARE
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. Cardiothoracic
Anesthesia Research Endeavors},
Title = {Prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus
hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function
after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {95},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1110-1119},
Year = {2001},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0003-3022},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11684979},
Keywords = {Anesthetics, Intravenous • Cognition Disorders •
Coronary Artery Bypass • Educational Status •
Female • Fentanyl • Humans • Hypothermia,
Induced* • Male • Midazolam • Middle Aged
• Neuropsychological Tests • Postoperative
Complications • Prospective Studies • etiology
• methods* • prevention & control*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite significant advances in cardiopulmonary
bypass (CPB) technology, surgical techniques, and anesthetic
management, central nervous system complications occur in a
large percentage of patients undergoing surgery requiring
CPB. Many centers are switching to normothermic CPB because
of shorter CPB and operating room times and improved
myocardial protection. The authors hypothesized that,
compared with normothermia, hypothermic CPB would result in
superior neurologic and neurocognitive function after
coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODS: Three hundred
patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft
surgery were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to
either normothermic (35.5-36.5 degrees C) or hypothermic
(28-30 degrees C) CPB. A battery of neurocognitive tests was
performed preoperatively and at 6 weeks after surgery. Four
distinct cognitive domains were identified and standardized
using factor analysis and were then compared on a continuous
scale. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-seven patients
participated in 6-week follow-up testing. There were no
differences in neurologic or neurocognitive outcomes between
normothermic and hypothermic groups in multivariable models,
adjusting for covariable effects of baseline cognitive
function, age, and years of education, as well as
interaction of these with temperature treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Hypothermic CPB does not provide additional
central nervous system protection in adult cardiac surgical
patients who were maintained at either 30 or 35 degrees C
during CPB.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00000542-200111000-00014},
Key = {fds270738}
}
@article{fds270784,
Author = {Carney, RM and Blumenthal, JA and Stein, PK and Watkins, L and Catellier, D and Berkman, LF and Czajkowski, SM and O'Connor, C and Stone, PH and Freedland, KE},
Title = {Depression, heart rate variability, and acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {104},
Number = {17},
Pages = {2024-2028},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11673340},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clinical depression is associated with an
increased risk for mortality in patients with a recent
myocardial infarction (MI). Reduced heart rate variability
(HRV) has been suggested as a possible explanation for this
association. The purpose of this study was to determine if
depression is associated with reduced HRV in patients with a
recent MI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three hundred eighty acute
MI patients with depression and 424 acute MI patients
without depression were recruited. All underwent 24-hour
ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring after hospital
discharge. In univariate analyses, 4 indices of HRV were
significantly lower in patients with depression than in
patients without depression. Variables associated with HRV
were then compared between patients with and without
depression, and potential confounds were identified. These
variables (age, sex, diabetes, and present cigarette
smoking) were entered into an analysis of covariance model,
followed by depression status. In the final model, all but
one HRV index (high-frequency power) remained significantly
lower in patients with depression than in patients without
depression. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that greater autonomic
dysfunction, as reflected by decreased HRV, is a plausible
mechanism linking depression to increased cardiac mortality
in post-MI patients.},
Doi = {10.1161/hc4201.097834},
Key = {fds270784}
}
@article{fds270895,
Author = {Steffen, PR and Sherwood, A and Gullette, EC and Georgiades, A and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on blood pressure during
daily life.},
Journal = {Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {33},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1635-1640},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11581545},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the
effects of exercise training and weight loss on blood
pressure (BP) associated with physical activity and
emotional stress during daily life. METHODS: One hundred
twelve participants with unmedicated high normal or stage 1
to stage 2 hypertension were randomized to one of three
conditions: a combined exercise and behavioral weight
management group (WM), an exercise-only group (EX), or a
wait list control group (CON). BP was assessed in the clinic
and during 15 h of daytime ambulatory BP monitoring at
baseline and after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS: Increased
levels of physical activity and emotional distress measured
during daily life were associated with increases in systolic
blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart
rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP). After treatment,
the WM group had significantly lower DBP, HR, and RPP
responses during both high and low levels of physical
activity and emotional distress compared with the CON group.
The EX group had similar BP levels as the WM group, although
the EX group had significantly lower BP than the CON group
during low but not high levels of physical activity and
emotional distress. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that
exercise, especially when combined with weight loss, reduces
BP levels at rest and in situations that typically elevate
BP such as intense physical activity and emotional
distress.},
Doi = {10.1097/00005768-200110000-00004},
Key = {fds270895}
}
@article{fds270894,
Author = {Napolitano, MA and Head, S and Babyak, MA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome:
psychological and behavioral characteristics.},
Journal = {The International Journal of Eating Disorders},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {193-203},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0276-3478},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11449453},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to examine the
psychological and behavioral characteristics associated with
both night eating syndrome (NES) and binge eating disorder
(BED) in 42 males and 41 females who were enrolled in a
university-based weight loss center. METHOD: Individuals
were classified into one of four groups: NES only (N = 23),
BED only (N = 13), both NES and BED (N = 13), or no
diagnoses of an eating disorder (N = 34). Analyses of
covariance (covarying for age and gender) were conducted to
compare patients with BED and NES. RESULTS: NES patients
scored lower on disinhibition than BED patients (p <.01).
Also, individuals who met criteria for both disorders scored
higher than NES only patients on state anxiety (p <.01),
disinhibition (p =.08), and trait anxiety (p =.08).
DISCUSSION: These results suggest that NES represents a
subcategory among the obese, which also overlaps with binge
eaters. In addition, anxiety distinguished individuals who
met criteria for both disorders from patients who were
diagnosed with either NES or BED.},
Doi = {10.1002/eat.1072},
Key = {fds270894}
}
@article{fds270640,
Author = {Aklog, L},
Title = {Neurocognitive function after coronary-artery bypass
surgery.},
Journal = {The New England Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {345},
Number = {7},
Pages = {543-544},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200108163450712},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJM200108163450712},
Key = {fds270640}
}
@article{fds270744,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Thurston, R and Steffen, P and Blumenthal, JA and Waugh,
RA and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Blunted nighttime blood pressure dipping in postmenopausal
women.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {14},
Number = {8 Pt 1},
Pages = {749-754},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11497189},
Keywords = {African Continental Ancestry Group • Blood Pressure
• Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory •
Cardiovascular Diseases • Circadian Rhythm •
European Continental Ancestry Group • Female •
Humans • Middle Aged • Postmenopause • Risk
Factors • ethnology • physiology •
physiology*},
Abstract = {Blunting of the normal drop in blood pressure (BP) from day
to night is emerging as a strong prognostic indicator of
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated
the effects of natural menopause on BP dipping in African
American and white women. A total of 112 women (62
premenopausal and 50 postmenopausal) took part in the study.
Pre- and postmenopausal groups were comparable in terms of
clinic BP, body mass index, and ethnic composition.
Ambulatory BP was recorded over 24 h during a typical
workday, with measurements programmed to be taken every 15
min during waking hours and every 30-minutes during sleeping
hours. Nocturnal BP dipping was defined as the difference
between waking and sleep BP. Waking BP did not differ by
menopausal status. However, nocturnal systolic BP (SBP) and
diastolic BP (DBP) dipping were attenuated in postmenopausal
women, with both SBP (P < .05) and DBP (P < .05) higher
during nighttime sleep in postmenopausal than in
premenopausal women. Ethnicity was also related to BP
dipping, with African American women tending to show blunted
SBP dipping (P = .055) compared with white women; BP dipping
was most blunted in postmenopausal African American women.
These observations suggest that blunted nighttime BP dipping
may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk in
postmenopausal women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02043-x},
Key = {fds270744}
}
@article{fds270901,
Author = {ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease (ENRICHD):
baseline characteristics.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {88},
Number = {3},
Pages = {316-322},
Year = {2001},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01652-6},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01652-6},
Key = {fds270901}
}
@article{fds270749,
Author = {Rosenberg, EL and Ekman, P and Jiang, W and Babyak, M and Coleman, RE and Hanson, M and O'Connor, C and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Linkages between facial expressions of anger and transient
myocardial ischemia in men with coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Emotion},
Volume = {1},
Number = {2},
Pages = {107-115},
Year = {2001},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {1528-3542},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12899191},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Anger* • Coronary Artery
Disease • Facial Expression* • Female •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Mood Disorders
• Myocardial Ischemia • Prevalence • Risk
Factors • Severity of Illness Index • diagnosis
• diagnosis* • epidemiology • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {The authors examined whether facial expressions of emotion
would predict changes in heart function. One hundred fifteen
male patients with coronary artery disease underwent the
Type A Structured Interview, during which time measures of
transient myocardial ischemia (wall motion abnormality and
left ventricular ejection fraction) were obtained. Facial
behavior exhibited during the ischemia measurement period
was videotaped and later coded by using the Facial Action
Coding System (P. Ekman & W. V. Friesen, 1978). Those
participants who exhibited ischemia showed significantly
more anger expressions and nonenjoyment smiles than
nonischemics. Cook-Medley Hostility scores did not vary with
ischemic status. The findings have implications for
understanding how anger and hostility differentially
influence coronary heart disease risk.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/1528-3542.1.2.107},
Key = {fds270749}
}
@article{fds270903,
Author = {Newman, MF and Kirchner, JL and Phillips-Bute, B and Gaver, V and Grocott, H and Jones, RH and Mark, DB and Reves, JG and Blumenthal, JA and Neurological Outcome Research Group and the Cardiothoracic
Anesthesiology Research Endeavors Investigators},
Title = {Longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function after
coronary-artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {The New England Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {344},
Number = {6},
Pages = {395-402},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11172175},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline complicates early recovery
after coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and may be
evident in as many as three quarters of patients at the time
of discharge from the hospital and a third of patients after
six months. We sought to determine the course of cognitive
change during the five years after CABG and the effect of
perioperative decline on long-term cognitive function.
METHODS: In 261 patients who underwent CABG, neurocognitive
tests were performed preoperatively (at base line), before
discharge, and six weeks, six months, and five years after
CABG surgery. Decline in postoperative function was defined
as a drop of 1 SD or more in the scores on tests of any one
of four domains of cognitive function. (A reduction of 1 SD
represents a decline in function of approximately 20
percent.) Overall neurocognitive status was assessed with a
composite cognitive index score representing the sum of the
scores for the individual domains. Factors predicting
long-term cognitive decline were determined by multivariable
logistic and linear regression. RESULTS: Among the patients
studied, the incidence of cognitive decline was 53 percent
at discharge, 36 percent at six weeks, 24 percent at six
months, and 42 percent at five years. We investigated
predictors of cognitive decline at five years and found that
cognitive function at discharge was a significant predictor
of long-term function (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results
confirm the relatively high prevalence and persistence of
cognitive decline after CABG and suggest a pattern of early
improvement followed by a later decline that is predicted by
the presence of early postoperative cognitive decline.
Interventions to prevent or reduce short- and long-term
cognitive decline after cardiac surgery are
warranted.},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJM200102083440601},
Key = {fds270903}
}
@article{fds270890,
Author = {Georgiades, A and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Hemodynamic mechanisms of mental stress-induced
ischemia},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {63},
Number = {1},
Pages = {175-175},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000166843200291&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270890}
}
@article{fds270902,
Author = {Khatri, P and Babyak, M and Croughwell, ND and Davis, R and White, WD and Newman, MF and Reves, JG and Mark, DB and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Temperature during coronary artery bypass surgery affects
quality of life.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {71},
Number = {1},
Pages = {110-116},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11216728},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to examine the
effects of temperature on a variety of indices of
psychologic adjustment and quality of life. METHODS: A total
of 209 patients randomly received normothermic (warm) or
hypothermic (cold) conditions during coronary artery bypass
surgery (CABS), and a number of physical, social, and
psychologic measures were assessed before as well as 6 weeks
and 6 months after CABS. RESULTS: Repeated measures analyses
of covariance revealed significant temperature group main
effects for anxiety (p = 0.008) and depression (p = 0.039),
with the normothermic group obtaining lower anxiety and
depression levels than the hypothermic group at both 6 weeks
and 6 months after surgery. Additionally, among patients who
entered the study with higher depression levels, those in
the hypothermic group tended to have higher depression
scores at follow-up compared with patients in the
normothermic condition (p = 0.012). No temperature group
differences were observed on other quality of life indices.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that
hypothermic conditions during CABS are associated with
higher levels of emotional distress after CABS than
normothermic conditions, particularly for patients with
greater stress to begin with.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0003-4975(00)02350-x},
Key = {fds270902}
}
@article{fds270905,
Author = {Khatri, P and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Craighead, WE and Herman, S and Baldewicz, T and Madden, DJ and Doraiswamy, M and Waugh,
R and Krishnan, KR},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on cognitive functioning among
depressed older men and women},
Journal = {Journal of Aging and Physical Activity},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {43-57},
Publisher = {Human Kinetics},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1063-8652},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.9.1.43},
Abstract = {The effects of a structured exercise program on the
cognitive functioning of 84 clinically depressed middle-aged
and older adults (mean age = 57 years) were examined.
Participants were randomized to either 4 months of aerobic
exercise (n = 42) or antidepressant medication (n = 42).
Assessments of cognitive functioning (memory, psychomotor
speed, executive functioning, and attention/concentration),
depression, and physical fitness (aerobic capacity and
exercise endurance) were conducted before and after the
intervention. Exercise-related changes (accounting for
baseline levels of cognitive functioning and depression)
were observed for memory (p = .01) and executive functioning
(p = .03). There were no treatment-group differences on
tasks measuring either attention/concentration or
psychomotor speed. Results indicate that exercise can exert
influence on specific areas of cognitive functioning among
depressed older adults. Further research is necessary to
clarify the kinds of cognitive processes that are affected
by exercise and the mechanisms by which exercise affects
cognitive functioning.},
Doi = {10.1123/japa.9.1.43},
Key = {fds270905}
}
@article{fds270742,
Author = {Mendes de Leon and CF and Dilillo, V and Czajkowski, S and Norten, J and Schaefer, J and Catellier, D and Blumenthal, JA and Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Pilot
Study},
Title = {Psychosocial characteristics after acute myocardial
infarction: the ENRICHD pilot study. Enhancing Recovery in
Coronary Heart Disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {21},
Number = {6},
Pages = {353-362},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11767809},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Female
• Humans • Male • Mental Health* •
Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis • Myocardial
Infarction • Quality of Life* • Social Support*
• psychology*},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: Psychosocial factors, such as emotional distress
and social isolation, have been increasingly recognized as
important risk factors for patients' recovery from acute
myocardial infarction (AMI). This study examined age,
gender, and ethnic differences in depression and general
distress, social support, and health-related quality of life
after AMI. METHODS: Data came from a series of 88 patients
aged 62.1 +/- 14.2 years (46% female) who were hospitalized
for AMI at eight different US clinical centers participating
in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
(ENRICHD) Pilot Study. Standardized psychometric measures
were administered to assess three psychosocial domains: (1)
depression and general distress (mental health functioning),
(2) social support, and (3) health-related quality of life.
Multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine the
effects of age, gender, and ethnic differences in each of
the three psychosocial domains. RESULTS: Female patients
reported higher levels of depression and distress compared
with male patients (P = .040). Gender differences in mental
health functioning differed by age (P = .046), with the
greatest differences observed among younger female patients.
Older patients (P = .014) and female patients (P = .025)
reported lower levels of social support compared with
younger and male patients, respectively. Minority patients
did not differ from nonminority patients in mental health
functioning or social support, and there were no significant
differences in post-AMI quality of life on the basis of age,
gender, or ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: The psychosocial risk
profile after AMI may be different for male and female
patients, and interventions may need to take account of each
gender's specific needs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-200111000-00003},
Key = {fds270742}
}
@article{fds270785,
Author = {Newman, MF and Grocott, HP and Mathew, JP and White, WD and Landolfo, K and Reves, JG and Laskowitz, DT and Mark, DB and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Neurological Outcome Research Group and CARE Investigators
of the Duke Heart Center: Report of the substudy assessing
the impact of neurocognitive function on quality of life
five years after cardiac surgery},
Journal = {Stroke},
Volume = {32},
Pages = {2874-2881},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds270785}
}
@article{fds270889,
Author = {Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Communication to the editor: Response to Taggart, Browne &
Halligan},
Journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
Volume = {345},
Number = {7},
Pages = {545},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds270889}
}
@article{fds270891,
Author = {Bloomer, RJ and Georgiades, A and Pierson, LM and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Aerobic fitness is associated with reduced myocardial
ischemia during mental stress testing in patients with
coronary artery disease},
Journal = {Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {68},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105001-00388},
Doi = {10.1097/00005768-200105001-00388},
Key = {fds270891}
}
@article{fds270892,
Author = {Pierson, LM and Sherwood, A and Georgiades, A and Bloomer, RJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Comparison of hemodynamic response during mental stress and
exercise in patients with coronary artery
disease},
Journal = {Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {33},
Number = {5},
Pages = {260},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2001},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105001-01469},
Doi = {10.1097/00005768-200105001-01469},
Key = {fds270892}
}
@article{fds270893,
Author = {Rosenberg, EL and Ekman, P and Jiang, W and Babyak, M and Coleman, RE and Hanson, M and O'Connor, C and Waugh, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Facial expressions of anger predict transient myocardial
ischemia},
Journal = {Emotion},
Volume = {1},
Pages = {107-115},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds270893}
}
@article{fds270896,
Author = {Grigore, AM and Mathew, J and Grocott, HP and Reves, JG and Blumenthal,
JA and White, WD and Smith, PK and Jones, RH and Kirchner, JL and Mark, DB and Newman, MF},
Title = {Neurological Outcome Research Group and C.A.R.E.
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center: A prospective
randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic
cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary
artery bypass graft surgery},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {95},
Pages = {1110-1119},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds270896}
}
@article{fds270897,
Author = {ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study
intervention: rationale and design.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {63},
Number = {5},
Pages = {747-755},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression and low social support are risk
factors for medical morbidity and mortality after acute MI.
The ENRICHD study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled
clinical trial of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for
depression and low social support in post-MI patients. A
total of 2481 patients were recruited (26% with low social
support, 39% with depression, and 34% with low social
support and depression). Our objective is to describe the
rationale, design, and delivery of the ENRICHD intervention.
METHODS: Key features of the intervention include the
integration of cognitive-behavioral and social learning
approaches to the treatment of depression and a diverse set
of problems that can contribute to low social support; rapid
initiation of treatment after MI; a combination of
individual and group modalities; adjunctive pharmacotherapy
for severe or intractable depression; training,
certification, and supervision of therapists; and quality
assurance procedures. RESULTS: The trial's psychosocial and
medical outcomes will be presented in future reports.
CONCLUSIONS: The ENRICHD protocol targets two complex
psychosocial risk factors with a multifaceted intervention,
which is delivered in an individualized manner to
accommodate a demographically, medically, and
psychiatrically diverse patient population. Additional
research will be needed to identify optimal matches between
patient characteristics and specific components of the
intervention.},
Key = {fds270897}
}
@article{fds270898,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Thurston, R and Steffen, P and Blumenthal, JA and Waugh,
RA and Hinderliter, AL},
Title = {Blunted nighttime blood pressure},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {749-754},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds270898}
}
@article{fds270899,
Author = {Steffen, PR and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Religious coping and ambulatory blood pressure: The
moderating effects of ethnicity},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {523-530},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485105},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between religious
coping, ethnicity, and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP)
measured during daily life. METHODS: A 24-hour ABP was
obtained from 155 men and women (78 African American and 77
white) on a typical workday. ABP was averaged over awake and
sleep periods, and clinic BP was also assessed. Psychosocial
measures of coping style, negative affect, social support,
stress, and health behaviors were completed before ABP
measurement. RESULTS: Multiple regression analyses,
controlling for demographic variables, revealed a
significant religious coping by ethnicity interaction for
ABP (p < .01) and clinic BP (p < .05). Religious coping was
not related to BP among whites. Among African Americans,
however, higher levels of religious coping were associated
with lower awake (p < .05) and sleep (p < .01) ABP. Social
support satisfaction also was related to lower awake ABP
among African Americans, but it did not mediate the
relationship between religious coping and ABP. CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study extend previous findings by
showing that, among African Americans, religious coping and
BP are related during daily activities as well as in the
clinic. Lower 24-hour BP load may be a pathway through which
religiosity and cardiovascular health are
related.},
Key = {fds270899}
}
@article{fds270900,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Hart, A and Sherwood, A and Doraiswamy, M and Herman,
S and Watkins, L and Hinderliter, A and Gullette, E and Krishnan,
R},
Title = {Depression and vascular function in older
adults},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-98},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11270312},
Key = {fds270900}
}
@article{fds304911,
Author = {Steffen, PR and Hinderliter, AL and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Religious coping, ethnicity, and ambulatory blood
pressure.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {63},
Number = {4},
Pages = {523-530},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485105},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • African
Americans • Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
• Blood Pressure* • European Continental Ancestry
Group • Female • Humans • Hypertension •
Male • Middle Aged • Religion and Psychology*
• Social Support • ethnology • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between religious
coping, ethnicity, and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP)
measured during daily life. METHODS: A 24-hour ABP was
obtained from 155 men and women (78 African American and 77
white) on a typical workday. ABP was averaged over awake and
sleep periods, and clinic BP was also assessed. Psychosocial
measures of coping style, negative affect, social support,
stress, and health behaviors were completed before ABP
measurement. RESULTS: Multiple regression analyses,
controlling for demographic variables, revealed a
significant religious coping by ethnicity interaction for
ABP (p < .01) and clinic BP (p < .05). Religious coping was
not related to BP among whites. Among African Americans,
however, higher levels of religious coping were associated
with lower awake (p < .05) and sleep (p < .01) ABP. Social
support satisfaction also was related to lower awake ABP
among African Americans, but it did not mediate the
relationship between religious coping and ABP. CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study extend previous findings by
showing that, among African Americans, religious coping and
BP are related during daily activities as well as in the
clinic. Lower 24-hour BP load may be a pathway through which
religiosity and cardiovascular health are
related.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-200107000-00002},
Key = {fds304911}
}
@article{fds304912,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Hart, A and Sherwood, A and Doraiswamy, M and Herman,
S and Watkins, L and Hinderliter, A and Gullette, E and Krishnan,
KR},
Title = {Depression and vascular function in older adults. Evaluating
the benefits of exercise in a new study at Duke
University.},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {62},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-98},
Year = {2001},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11270312},
Keywords = {Aged • Depressive Disorder • Endothelium, Vascular
• Exercise* • Humans • Middle Aged •
Research • Vascular Diseases • complications*
• etiology* • physiopathology •
therapy*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds304912}
}
@article{fds270907,
Author = {Georgiades, A and Sherwood, A and Gullette, EC and Babyak, MA and Hinderliter, A and Waugh, R and Tweedy, D and Craighead, L and Bloomer,
R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on mental stress-induced
cardiovascular responses in individuals with high blood
pressure.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-176},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0194-911X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10948073},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of
exercise and weight loss on cardiovascular responses during
mental stress in mildly to moderately overweight patients
with elevated blood pressure. Ninety-nine men and women with
high normal or unmedicated stage 1 to stage 2 hypertension
(systolic blood pressure 130 to 179 mm Hg, diastolic blood
pressure 85 to 109 mm Hg) underwent a battery of mental
stress tests, including simulated public speaking, anger
recall interview, mirror trace, and cold pressor, before and
after a 6-month treatment program. Subjects were randomly
assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: (1) aerobic exercise, (2)
weight management combining aerobic exercise with a
behavioral weight loss program, or (3) waiting list control
group. After 6 months, compared with control subjects,
participants in both active treatment groups had lower
levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,
total peripheral resistance, and heart rate at rest and
during mental stress. Compared with subjects in the control
group, subjects in the exercise and weight management groups
also had greater resting stroke volume and cardiac output.
Diastolic blood pressure was lower for the weight management
group than for the exercise-only group during all mental
stress tasks. These results demonstrate that exercise,
particularly when combined with a weight loss program, can
lower both resting and stress-induced blood pressure levels
and produce a favorable hemodynamic pattern resembling that
targeted for antihypertensive therapy.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.hyp.36.2.171},
Key = {fds270907}
}
@article{fds270754,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Gullette, EC and Babyak, M and Waugh,
R and Georgiades, A and Craighead, LW and Tweedy, D and Feinglos, M and Appelbaum, M and Hayano, J and Hinderliter, A},
Title = {Exercise and weight loss reduce blood pressure in men and
women with mild hypertension: effects on cardiovascular,
metabolic, and hemodynamic functioning.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {160},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1947-1958},
Year = {2000},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10888969},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Glucose • Blood Pressure Monitoring,
Ambulatory • Body Composition • Exercise* •
Female • Humans • Hypertension • Insulin
• Life Style • Male • Middle Aged •
Obesity • Patient Compliance • Severity of Illness
Index • Treatment Outcome • Waiting Lists •
Weight Loss* • blood • complications •
etiology • metabolism • physiopathology •
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Lifestyle modifications have been recommended as
the initial treatment strategy for lowering high blood
pressure (BP). However, evidence for the efficacy of
exercise and weight loss in the management of high BP
remains controversial. METHODS: One hundred thirty-three
sedentary, overweight men and women with unmedicated high
normal BP or stage 1 to 2 hypertension were randomly
assigned to aerobic exercise only; a behavioral weight
management program, including exercise; or a waiting list
control group. Before and following treatment, systolic and
diastolic BPs were measured in the clinic, during daily
life, and during exercise and mental stress testing.
Hemodynamic measures and metabolic functioning also were
assessed. RESULTS: Although participants in both active
treatment groups exhibited significant reductions in BP
relative to controls, those in the weight management group
generally had larger reductions. Weight management was
associated with a 7-mm Hg systolic and a 5-mm Hg diastolic
clinic BP reduction, compared with a 4-mm Hg systolic and
diastolic BP reduction associated with aerobic exercise; the
BP for controls did not change. Participants in both
treatment groups also displayed reduced peripheral
resistance and increased cardiac output compared with
controls, with the greatest reductions in peripheral
resistance in those in the weight management group. Weight
management participants also exhibited significantly lower
fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin levels than
participants in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although
exercise alone was effective in reducing BP, the addition of
a behavioral weight loss program enhanced this effect.
Aerobic exercise combined with weight loss is recommended
for the management of elevated BP in sedentary, overweight
individuals.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.160.13.1947},
Key = {fds270754}
}
@article{fds270910,
Author = {Carels, RA and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Emotional responsivity during daily life: relationship to
psychosocial functioning and ambulatory blood
pressure.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {36},
Number = {1},
Pages = {25-33},
Year = {2000},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10700620},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living* • Adaptation,
Psychological* • Adult • Blood Pressure
Monitoring, Ambulatory • Blood Pressure* •
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena • Emotions*
• Female • Humans • Interpersonal Relations*
• Male • Middle Aged • physiology},
Abstract = {Emotional responsivity refers to acute changes in affective
states. This study examined the relationship of emotional
responsivity during daily life with ambulatory blood
pressure (ABP) and psychosocial functioning. Subjects were
162 employed men and women, aged 25-45 years. Subjects
underwent 24-h ABP monitoring in which they completed a
behavioral diary with each cuff inflation. On a separate
day, subjects completed a psychometric test battery
including measures of depression, trait anxiety, and social
support. Emotional Responsivity, an index of negative
emotional variability during waking hours, was
operationalized as the standard deviation of each
individual's negative emotions scores throughout the day.
Individuals with high levels of emotional responsivity
showed greater increases in ABP and heart rate (HR)
associated with negative emotions. Emotionally responsive
individuals also reported less satisfaction with social
support and higher levels of perceived daily stress, trait
anxiety, and depressive symptoms. These findings suggest
that psychosocial traits that have been linked to
cardiovascular disease may be associated with more marked
cardiovascular activation occurring in response to negative
emotions experienced throughout the day.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-8760(99)00101-4},
Key = {fds270910}
}
@article{fds270909,
Author = {ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease patients
(ENRICHD): study design and methods. The ENRICHD
investigators.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {139},
Number = {1 Pt 1},
Pages = {1-9},
Year = {2000},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000084631300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Psychosocial factors, particularly depression and lack of
social support, are important predictors of morbidity and
mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. This
article describes the design and methods of the Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Patients (ENRICHD) study,
a multicenter, randomized clinical trial involving 3000
patients enrolled after acute myocardial infarction. ENRICHD
aims to investigate the effects of a psychosocial
intervention that targets depression and/or low social
support on survival and reinfarction among adult men and
women who are at high risk for recurrent cardiac events
because of psychosocial factors (depressive or social
isolation). Design features include the use of an
individually tailored yet standardized intervention,
rigorous clinical trial methods, and enrollment of a large
number of women and minorities.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-8703(00)90301-6},
Key = {fds270909}
}
@article{fds40085,
Author = {Carels, R.A. and Szczepanski, R. and Sherwood, A. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Ambulatory blood pressure and marital distress in employed
women},
Journal = {Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {26},
Pages = {80-85},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds40085}
}
@article{fds40086,
Author = {Carels, R.A. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Sherwood,
A.},
Title = {Emotional reactivity during daily life: Relationship to
psychosocial functioning and ambulatory blood
pressure},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {36},
Pages = {25-33},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds40086}
}
@article{fds270638,
Author = {Carney, RM and Freedland, KE and Stein, PK},
Title = {Anxiety, depression, and heart rate variability.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {62},
Number = {1},
Pages = {84-87},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200001000-00013},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-200001000-00013},
Key = {fds270638}
}
@article{fds270786,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Gullette, ECD and Babyak, MA and Waugh, R and Georgiades, A and Craighead, LW and Tweedy, D and Feinglos,
M and Appelbaum, M and Hayano, J and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Exercise and weight loss reduce blood pressure in men and
women with mild hypertension},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {160},
Pages = {1947-1958},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds270786}
}
@article{fds270906,
Author = {Newman, MF and Grocott, HP and Stanley, TO and Mackensen, GB and Kirchner, JL and Mark, DB and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Neurocognitive dysfunction and quality of life after cardiac
surgery},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {70},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1788},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds270906}
}
@article{fds270908,
Author = {Babyak, M and Blumenthal, JA and Herman, S and Khatri, P and Doraiswamy,
M and Moore, K and Craighead, WE and Baldewicz, TT and Krishnan,
KR},
Title = {Exercise treatment for major depression: maintenance of
therapeutic benefit at 10 months.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {62},
Number = {5},
Pages = {633-638},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11020092},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the
status of 156 adult volunteers with major depressive
disorder (MDD) 6 months after completion of a study in which
they were randomly assigned to a 4-month course of aerobic
exercise, sertraline therapy, or a combination of exercise
and sertraline. METHODS: The presence and severity of
depression were assessed by clinical interview using the
Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the Hamilton Rating Scale
for Depression (HRSD) and by self-report using the Beck
Depression Inventory. Assessments were performed at
baseline, after 4 months of treatment, and 6 months after
treatment was concluded (ie, after 10 months). RESULTS:
After 4 months patients in all three groups exhibited
significant improvement; the proportion of remitted
participants (ie, those who no longer met diagnostic
criteria for MDD and had an HRSD score <8) was comparable
across the three treatment conditions. After 10 months,
however, remitted subjects in the exercise group had
significantly lower relapse rates (p = .01) than subjects in
the medication group. Exercising on one's own during the
follow-up period was associated with a reduced probability
of depression diagnosis at the end of that period (odds
ratio = 0.49, p = .0009). CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals
with MDD, exercise therapy is feasible and is associated
with significant therapeutic benefit, especially if exercise
is continued over time.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-200009000-00006},
Key = {fds270908}
}
@article{fds270911,
Author = {Carels, RA and Sherwood, A and Szczepanski, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Ambulatory blood pressure and marital distress in employed
women.},
Journal = {Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {26},
Number = {2},
Pages = {80-85},
Year = {2000},
ISSN = {0896-4289},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147293},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal* • Blood Pressure Monitoring,
Ambulatory* • Conflict (Psychology)* • Female
• Humans • Marriage • Middle Aged •
Social Environment • Women, Working •
psychology*},
Abstract = {In this investigation, the relationship between marital
distress and blood pressure during daily life in a sample of
married employed women was examined. It was hypothesized
that greater marital distress would be associated with
elevated blood pressure in the home environment, but not in
the workplace. Participants were 50 married employed women,
aged 25 to 45 years. Participants underwent ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring on a typical workday. The women with
higher levels of marital distress exhibited greater negative
emotions and higher levels of blood pressure at home. These
results suggest that the physiological concomitants of
stress and emotional upset associated with marital distress
are manifest in elevated blood pressure that is most
pronounced in the home environment.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/08964280009595755},
Key = {fds270911}
}
@article{fds270912,
Author = {Grichnik, KP and Ijsselmuiden, AJ and D'Amico, TA and Harpole, DH and White, WD and Blumenthal, JA and Newman, MF},
Title = {Cognitive decline after major noncardiac operations: a
preliminary prospective study.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1786-1791},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10585059},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiac operations frequently are complicated by
postoperative cognitive decline. Less common and less
studied is postoperative cognitive decline after noncardiac
surgery, so we determined its incidence, severity, and
possible predictors. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients who had
thoracic and vascular procedures were studied. A
neurocognitive test battery was administered preoperatively
and 6 to 12 weeks postoperatively. A change score
(preoperative minus postoperative) was calculated for each
measure in each individual. Cognitive deficit (a measure of
incidence) was defined as a 20% decrement in 20% or more of
the completed tests. The average scores of all tests and the
average decline (a measure of severity) were determined.
RESULTS: The incidence of cognitive deficit was 44.8%.
Overall the severity of the decline was an average of 15%
decline. In the 44.8% of patients who had cognitive deficit,
the severity was 24.7%. Multivariable predictors of
cognitive decline were age (for incidence and severity) and
years of education (for severity). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive
decline after noncardiac operations is a frequent
complication of surgical procedures. The severity could
preclude successful return to a preoperative
lifestyle.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0003-4975(99)00992-3},
Key = {fds270912}
}
@article{fds270913,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, MA and Moore, KA and Craighead, WE and Herman, S and Khatri, P and Waugh, R and Napolitano, MA and Forman, LM and Appelbaum, M and Doraiswamy, PM and Krishnan, KR},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on older patients with major
depression.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {159},
Number = {19},
Pages = {2349-2356},
Year = {1999},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10547175},
Keywords = {Aged • Antidepressive Agents • Anxiety •
Cognition • Combined Modality Therapy • Depressive
Disorder • Exercise* • Female • Humans •
Lung • Lung Volume Measurements • Male •
Middle Aged • Physical Fitness • Quality of Life
• Self Concept • Severity of Illness Index •
drug therapy • physiopathology • psychology •
therapeutic use* • therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous observational and interventional
studies have suggested that regular physical exercise may be
associated with reduced symptoms of depression. However, the
extent to which exercise training may reduce depressive
symptoms in older patients with major depressive disorder
(MDD) has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To
assess the effectiveness of an aerobic exercise program
compared with standard medication (ie, antidepressants) for
treatment of MDD in older patients, we conducted a 16-week
randomized controlled trial. METHODS: One hundred fifty-six
men and women with MDD (age, > or = 50 years) were assigned
randomly to a program of aerobic exercise, antidepressants
(sertraline hydrochloride), or combined exercise and
medication. Subjects underwent comprehensive evaluations of
depression, including the presence and severity of MDD using
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition criteria and Hamilton Rating Scale for
Depression (HAM-D) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
scores before and after treatment. Secondary outcome
measures included aerobic capacity, life satisfaction,
self-esteem, anxiety, and dysfunctional cognitions. RESULTS:
After 16 weeks of treatment, the groups did not differ
statistically on HAM-D or BDI scores (P = .67); adjustment
for baseline levels of depression yielded an essentially
identical result. Growth curve models revealed that all
groups exhibited statistically and clinically significant
reductions on HAM-D and BDI scores. However, patients
receiving medication alone exhibited the fastest initial
response; among patients receiving combination therapy,
those with less severe depressive symptoms initially showed
a more rapid response than those with initially more severe
depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: An exercise training
program may be considered an alternative to antidepressants
for treatment of depression in older persons. Although
antidepressants may facilitate a more rapid initial
therapeutic response than exercise, after 16 weeks of
treatment exercise was equally effective in reducing
depression among patients with MDD.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.159.19.2349},
Key = {fds270913}
}
@article{fds270765,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Blumenthal, JA and Kowey, PR and Brandspiegel, HZ and Marinchak, RA and Rials, SJ},
Title = {Worried to death? [4] (multiple letters)},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {100},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1251-1252},
Year = {1999},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10484623},
Keywords = {Aged • Death, Sudden, Cardiac* • Female •
Grief* • Humans • Stress, Psychological*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270765}
}
@article{fds270918,
Author = {Carels, RA and Sherwood, A and Babyak, M and Gullette, EC and Coleman,
RE and Waugh, R and Jiang, W and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Emotional responsivity and transient myocardial
ischemia.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {605-610},
Year = {1999},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10450634},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Aged •
Angina Pectoris • Angiocardiography • Arousal*
• Coronary Disease • Electrocardiography,
Ambulatory • Emotions* • Exercise • Female
• Humans • Individuality • Male • Middle
Aged • Myocardial Infarction • Risk Factors •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship between "emotional
responsivity" (i.e., individuals who exhibit relatively
large variations of self-reported tension levels) and
myocardial ischemia. One hundred thirty-six patients with
coronary artery disease underwent 48 hr ambulatory
electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring and laboratory mental
stress testing using radionuclide angiocardiography.
Compared with individuals characterized as low emotional
responders, a higher proportion of individuals characterized
as high emotional responders exhibited wall motion
abnormalities in response to laboratory mental stress
testing and were more likely to exhibit ECG ST-segment
depression (> or = 1 mm for > or = 1 min) during routine
daily activities. These results suggest that emotional
responsivity may represent an individual difference
characteristic that is associated with an increased
likelihood of exhibiting myocardial ischemia in both the
laboratory and the real-world setting.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.67.4.605},
Key = {fds270918}
}
@article{fds270915,
Author = {Khatri, P and Babyak, M and Clancy, C and Davis, R and Croughwell, N and Newman, M and Reves, JG and Mark, DB and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Perception of cognitive function in older adults following
coronary artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {301-306},
Year = {1999},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10357512},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of coronary artery bypass
grafting (CABG) on objective and subjective measures of
neurocognitive functioning. Participants were 170 older
patients (127 men and 43 women; mean age = 61 years)
undergoing CABG. Measures of neurocognitive function,
depression, anxiety, and perceived cognitive abilities were
administered immediately prior to and 6 weeks following
surgery. Although objective measures of impaired cognitive
performance following CABG were not related to perceived
cognitive difficulties, the presence of anxiety and
depression was related to the perception of cognitive
functioning. Patients who reported high levels of anxiety
and depression 6 weeks after surgery perceived themselves as
having poorer cognitive function. Interventions designed to
reduce emotional distress could improve patient's perceived
cognitive abilities following CABG.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.18.3.301},
Key = {fds270915}
}
@article{fds270916,
Author = {Rozanski, A and Blumenthal, JA and Kaplan, J},
Title = {Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of
cardiovascular disease and implications for
therapy.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {99},
Number = {16},
Pages = {2192-2217},
Year = {1999},
Month = {April},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10217662},
Abstract = {Recent studies provide clear and convincing evidence that
psychosocial factors contribute significantly to the
pathogenesis and expression of coronary artery disease
(CAD). This evidence is composed largely of data relating
CAD risk to 5 specific psychosocial domains: (1) depression,
(2) anxiety, (3) personality factors and character traits,
(4) social isolation, and (5) chronic life stress.
Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship
between these entities and CAD can be divided into
behavioral mechanisms, whereby psychosocial conditions
contribute to a higher frequency of adverse health
behaviors, such as poor diet and smoking, and direct
pathophysiological mechanisms, such as neuroendocrine and
platelet activation. An extensive body of evidence from
animal models (especially the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca
fascicularis) reveals that chronic psychosocial stress can
lead, probably via a mechanism involving excessive
sympathetic nervous system activation, to exacerbation of
coronary artery atherosclerosis as well as to transient
endothelial dysfunction and even necrosis. Evidence from
monkeys also indicates that psychosocial stress reliably
induces ovarian dysfunction, hypercortisolemia, and
excessive adrenergic activation in premenopausal females,
leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. Also reviewed are
data relating CAD to acute stress and individual differences
in sympathetic nervous system responsivity. New technologies
and research from animal models demonstrate that acute
stress triggers myocardial ischemia, promotes
arrhythmogenesis, stimulates platelet function, and
increases blood viscosity through hemoconcentration. In the
presence of underlying atherosclerosis (eg, in CAD
patients), acute stress also causes coronary
vasoconstriction. Recent data indicate that the foregoing
effects result, at least in part, from the endothelial
dysfunction and injury induced by acute stress.
Hyperresponsivity of the sympathetic nervous system,
manifested by exaggerated heart rate and blood pressure
responses to psychological stimuli, is an intrinsic
characteristic among some individuals. Current data link
sympathetic nervous system hyperresponsivity to accelerated
development of carotid atherosclerosis in human subjects and
to exacerbated coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in
monkeys. Thus far, intervention trials designed to reduce
psychosocial stress have been limited in size and number.
Specific suggestions to improve the assessment of behavioral
interventions include more complete delineation of the
physiological mechanisms by which such interventions might
work; increased use of new, more convenient "alternative"
end points for behavioral intervention trials; development
of specifically targeted behavioral interventions (based on
profiling of patient factors); and evaluation of previously
developed models of predicting behavioral change. The
importance of maximizing the efficacy of behavioral
interventions is underscored by the recognition that
psychosocial stresses tend to cluster together. When they do
so, the resultant risk for cardiac events is often
substantially elevated, equaling that associated with
previously established risk factors for CAD, such as
hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.99.16.2192},
Key = {fds270916}
}
@article{fds270920,
Author = {Moore, KA and Babyak, MA and Wood, CE and Napolitano, MA and Khatri, P and Craighead, WE and Herman, S and Krishnan, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {The association between physical activity and depression in
older depressed adults},
Journal = {Journal of Aging and Physical Activity},
Volume = {7},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-61},
Publisher = {Human Kinetics},
Year = {1999},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1063-8652},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.7.1.55},
Abstract = {Previous studies of younger, healthy individuals have
demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical
activity and depression. The present study addressed the
relation between self-reported physical activity and
symptoms of depression in 146 men and women aged 50 years
and older with major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients who
met clinical criteria for MDD completed the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) and the Minnesota Leisure-Time Activity
Questionnaire (MQ). Multiple regression analysis indicated
that lower levels of physical activity were associated with
more severe depressive symptoms (p = .04), after adjusting
for age and gender. The implications of these findings for
the treatment and prevention of depression are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1123/japa.7.1.55},
Key = {fds270920}
}
@article{fds40076,
Author = {Carels, R.A. and Sherwood, A. and Babyak, M. and Gullette, E.C.D. and Coleman, R.E. and Waugh, R. and Jiang, W. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Emotional responsivity and transient myocardial
ischemia},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {4},
Pages = {605-610},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds40076}
}
@article{fds40083,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Babyak, M.A. and Moore, K.A. and Craighead, W.E. and Herman, S. and Khatri, P. and Waugh, R. and Napolitano, M. and Forman, L.M. and Appelbaum, M. and Doraiswamy, P.M. and Krishnan,
R.},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on older patients with major
depression},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {159},
Number = {19},
Pages = {2349-2356},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds40083}
}
@article{fds270787,
Author = {Kraus, VB and Gell, N and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The effect of chronic exercise on circulating biomarkers in
individuals with musculoskeletal disease},
Journal = {Clinical Exercise Physiology},
Volume = {1},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-23},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds270787}
}
@article{fds270788,
Author = {Dominick, KL and Gullette, EC and Babyak, MA and Mallow, KL and Sherwood, A and Waugh, R and Chilikuri, M and Keefe, FJ and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Predicting peak oxygen uptake among older patients with
chronic illness.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {81-89},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10200913},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To compare three equations developed to predict VO2
among patients diagnosed with one of two chronic diseases:
essential hypertension (HTN), and fibromyalgia (FM). The
equations included the American College of Sports Medicine
(ACSM) equation, the FAST equation developed from the
Fitness and Arthritis in Seniors Trial (FAST), and an
equation developed by Foster et al. METHODS: One hundred
twenty-two HTN subjects and 68 FM subjects completed a
maximum exercise test according to the Duke/Wake Forest
protocol. Measured peak VO2 was then compared with the VO2
predicted by the ACSM, FAST and FOSTER equations, using
several statistical methods. RESULTS: The ACSM equation
overpredicted peak VO2 in the HTN group by 10.0 +/- 4.0
mL/kg-1/min-1, and in the FM group by 8.6 +/- 4.9
mL/kg-1/min-1 (P < 0.0001). The FAST equation, however,
underestimated peak VO2 by 1.5 +/- 4.2 mL/kg-1/min-1 (P <
0.01) and 1.0 +/- 3.3 mL/kg-1/min-1 (P < 0.0001) in the HTN
and FM groups, respectively. The FOSTER equation
overestimated peak VO2 by 2.3 +/- 3.6 mL/kg-1/min-1 in the
HTN group and by 2.1 +/- 3.5 mL/kg-1/min-1 in the FM group
(P < 0.0001). A large degree of variability was found for
each of the equations. CONCLUSION: Results of this
investigation indicate that all three equations produced
peak VO2 values that were statistically different from
measured values. Although the ACSM equation overestimated
VO2 by more than 2 metabolic equivalents (METs) in each
patient group, both the FAST and FOSTER equations produced
differences that were less than 1 MET. Further research is
needed to examine the FAST and FOSTER equations among other
patient populations and with other exercise
protocols.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-199903000-00001},
Key = {fds270788}
}
@article{fds270914,
Author = {Watkins, LL and Grossman, P and Krishnan, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Anxiety reduces baroreflex cardiac control in older adults
with major depression.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {334-340},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10367613},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although depression and anxiety predict risk of
cardiac mortality, the contributions of depression and
anxiety to vagal cardiac control have not been
systematically evaluated. The goal of this study was to
examine the relationship between state anxiety and vagal
control of heart rate in older adults with major depressive
disorder (MDD). Older adults (50-70 years old) were selected
for this study because of the greater cardiac risk
associated with low vagal cardiac control across this age
range. METHODS: Fifty-six men and women with MDD were
evaluated. MDD was diagnosed using the Diagnostic Interview
Schedule, and severity of depression was measured using the
Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Rating Scale for
depression. State anxiety was measured using the Spielberger
State Anxiety Inventory. Power spectral analysis was used to
measure two indices of vagal control: baroreflex control of
heart rate (BRC(SPEC)) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia
(RSA). RESULTS: State anxiety was negatively correlated with
levels of BRC(SPEC) (r = -0.32, p < .05), whereas depression
severity was not related to either RSA or BRC(SPEC).
Furthermore, BRC(SPEC) was reduced by approximately 33% in
MDD patients with state anxiety scores (ST-ANX) in the
highest quartile (ST-ANX > 41, N = 13), compared with
patients with ST-ANX scores in the lowest quartile (ST-ANX <
25, N = 14; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, but not
depression severity, is associated with reduced BRC(SPEC) in
older men and women. Future studies are needed to determine
whether comorbid anxiety contributes to the increased
cardiovascular risk associated with MDD.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199905000-00012},
Key = {fds270914}
}
@article{fds270917,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Johnson, K and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
AL},
Title = {Endothelial function and hemodynamic responses during mental
stress.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {365-370},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10367618},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The hemodynamic basis of blood pressure responses
during psychological stress shows striking individual
differences that share an interesting similarity with risk
for cardiovascular disease. Factors accounting for these
individual differences are poorly understood. The present
study examined the relationship of vascular endothelial
function to stress-induced hemodynamic responses. METHODS:
Subjects were 40 healthy men and women, aged 25 to 44 years.
Hemodynamic responses were assessed during exposure to a
battery of four diverse laboratory stressors.
Endothelium-dependent arterial dilation (EDAD) was measured
by ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery in response to
reactive hyperemia. RESULTS: High EDAD response was
associated with lower resting systolic (p < .01) and
diastolic blood pressure (p < .05). EDAD response was
unrelated to blood pressure responses during stress.
However, systemic vascular resistance responses during
laboratory stress were significantly greater (p < .02) for
individuals with low EDAD responses. CONCLUSIONS:
Exaggerated systemic vascular resistance responses during
stress may reflect endothelial dysfunction. This association
may help explain the growing evidence of a relationship
between stress hemodynamics and cardiovascular disease risk.
The nature of this association is discussed in terms of a
possible interplay between the sympathetic nervous system
and the endothelium in regulation of vascular
tone.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199905000-00017},
Key = {fds270917}
}
@article{fds270919,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A and Babyak, M and Thurston, R and Tweedy,
D and Georgiades, A and Gullette, EC and Khatri, P and Steffan, P and Waugh, R and Light, K and Hinderliter, A},
Title = {Mental stress and coronary disease. The Smart-Heart
Study.},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-99},
Year = {1999},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10344134},
Key = {fds270919}
}
@article{fds270923,
Author = {Rosenberg, EL and Ekman, P and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Facial expression and the affective component of cynical
hostility in male coronary heart disease
patients.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {376-380},
Year = {1998},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9697948},
Abstract = {This study describes the affective component of hostility as
measured by the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale (Ho; W. Cook &
D. Medley, 1954) by examining the relationship between
facial expressions of emotion and Ho scores in 116 male
coronary heart disease patients. Patients underwent the
videotaped Type A Structured Interview, from which facial
expressions were later coded using the Facial Action Coding
System. They also completed the Cook-Medley Ho scale. Facial
expression of the emotion of contempt was significantly
related to Ho scores; anger expression was not. Also, there
was a significant interaction between hostility and
defensiveness, wherein low-defensive, highly hostile people
showed substantially more contempt expression than others.
The implications of these findings for the construct
validity of Ho and for identifying clinically important
subtypes of hostility are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.17.4.376},
Key = {fds270923}
}
@article{fds270924,
Author = {Amory, DW and Croughwell, NA and Kirchner, JL and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Gerstle, L and Rohatgi, A and Baudet, B and Grocott, H and Newman, MF},
Title = {THE QUANTITATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (QEEG)},
Journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
Volume = {86},
Number = {Supplement},
Pages = {7SCA-7SCA},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1998},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000072954100008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-199804001-00007},
Key = {fds270924}
}
@article{fds270925,
Author = {Carels, RA and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Psychosocial influences on blood pressure during daily
life.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {117-129},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9545650},
Abstract = {Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring allows frequent
non-invasive blood pressure (BP) recordings in a variety of
settings. Emerging evidence suggests that ABP is a better
predictor of cardiovascular morbidity than clinic BP.
Ambulatory blood pressure is influenced by a variety of
physical, psychological and behavioral factors that comprise
an individual's daily life. The present article reviews
psychosocial research relating ABP to psychological factors
(e.g. Type A behavior pattern, anger/hostility) and
environmental influences (e.g. job strain). Psychological
factors and environmental factors alone and in interaction
with each other appear to substantially influence ABP.
Interacting physical, psychosocial and behavioral factors
that comprise daily life provide unique methodological
challenges to ABP research. Methodological considerations
(e.g. activity patterns, caffeine and alcohol consumption)
for performing ABP research are discussed. Evidence outlined
in this review suggests that psychosocial factors contribute
to ABP level. To the extent that psychosocial factors
contribute to ABP cardiac disease, it will be important to
analyze their effects on underlying disease
processes.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0167-8760(97)00090-1},
Key = {fds270925}
}
@article{fds270751,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Onorato, JJ and Carey, HV},
Title = {Muscarinic inhibition of substance P induced ion secretion
in piglet jejunum.},
Journal = {Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {169-175},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0008-4212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9635156},
Keywords = {Animals • Atropine • Carbachol • Cholinergic
Antagonists • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug •
Drug Interactions • Gallamine Triethiodide •
Histamine • Ion Transport • Jejunum •
Mecamylamine • Muscarinic Agonists • Muscarinic
Antagonists • Piperidines • Substance P •
Swine • Time Factors • antagonists & inhibitors*
• drug effects* • metabolism • pharmacology
• pharmacology*},
Abstract = {We examined the effects of the muscarinic agonist carbachol
on ion secretion induced by substance P (SP) in piglet
jejunal tissues mounted in Ussing chambers. Tetrodotoxin was
present in all solutions to inhibit neural activity.
Carbachol added 10 min prior to 0.75 microM SP dose
dependently inhibited subsequent SP responses, with 90%
inhibition at 10 microM carbachol. Addition of an equipotent
dose of SP (7.5 microM) had no effect on subsequent
carbachol-induced secretion. Carbachol's inhibition of
SP-induced secretion was evident for at least 45 min and was
abolished by prior addition of the M3 receptor antagonist
4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine methiodide (4-DAMP),
but remained intact in the presence of the M2 antagonist
gallamine or the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine. Atropine
added 10 min after carbachol restored subsequent SP
responses toward control levels. Carbachol also reduced
secretory responses to histamine and, to a lesser extent,
prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). SP-induced secretion was not
affected by prior addition of histamine and was reduced by
PGE2 only at the highest PGE2 concentration. The results
suggest that activation of the epithelial M3 receptor by
carbachol inhibits subsequent secretory responses to the
calcium-mediated agonists SP and histamine in piglet
jejunum. This may reflect muscarinic activation of a
negative messenger in epithelial cells that limits Cl-
secretion.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1139/cjpp-76-2-169},
Key = {fds270751}
}
@article{fds270760,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The reasonable woman standard: a meta-analytic review of
gender differences in perceptions of sexual
harassment.},
Journal = {Law and Human Behavior},
Volume = {22},
Number = {1},
Pages = {33-57},
Year = {1998},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0147-7307},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9487790},
Keywords = {Adult • Female • Humans • Male • Men
• Public Policy • Sex Factors • Sexual
Harassment • Social Perception* • United States
• Women • legislation & jurisprudence* •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {Courts and legislatures have begun to develop the
"reasonable woman standard" (RWS) as a criterion for
deciding sexual harassment trials. This standard rests on
assumptions of a "wide divergence" between the perceptions
of men and women when viewing social-sexual behavior that
may be considered harassing. Narrative reviews of the
literature on such perceptions have suggested that these
assumptions are only minimally supported. To test these
assumptions quantitatively, a meta-analytic review was
conducted that assessed the size, stability, and moderators
of gender differences in perceptions of sexual harassment.
The effect of the actor's status relative to the target also
was evaluated meta-analytically, as one alternative to the
importance of gender effects. Results supported the claims
of narrative reviews for a relatively small gender effect,
and draw attention to the status effect. In discussing legal
implications of the present findings, earlier claims are
echoed suggesting caution in establishing the reasonable
woman standard, and one alternative to the RWS, the
"reasonable victim standard," is discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1023/a:1025724721559},
Key = {fds270760}
}
@article{fds270933,
Author = {Carels, RA and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {High anxiety and white coat hypertension.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {279},
Number = {3},
Pages = {197-198},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9438737},
Keywords = {Anxiety • Blood Pressure Determination* • Humans
• Hypertension • etiology* •
physiopathology*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.279.3.197},
Key = {fds270933}
}
@article{fds270926,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Interaction of hypertension and age in visual selective
attention performance.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-83},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9459074},
Abstract = {Previous research suggests that some aspects of cognitive
performance decline as a joint function of age and
hypertension. In this experiment, 51 unmedicated individuals
with mild essential hypertension and 48 normotensive
individuals, 18-78 years of age, performed a visual search
task. The estimated time required to identify a display
character and shift attention between display positions
increased with age. This attention shift time did not differ
significantly between hypertensive and normotensive
participants, but regression analyses indicated some
mediation of the age effect by blood pressure. For
individuals less than 60 years of age, the error rate was
greater for hypertensive than for normotensive participants.
Although the present design could detect effects of only
moderate to large size, the results suggest that effects of
hypertension may be more evident in a relatively general
measure of performance (mean error rate) than in the speed
of shifting visual attention.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.17.1.76},
Key = {fds270926}
}
@article{fds270932,
Author = {Moore, KA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise training as an alternative treatment for depression
among older adults.},
Journal = {Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-56},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1078-6791},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9439020},
Abstract = {This article reviews the current literature related to
exercise treatment and depression among older adults.
Results from investigational studies support the
antidepressive effects of exercise programs. Aerobic
exercise is more effective than placebo or no treatment
controls, and appears to be as effective as more traditional
treatment methods. However, a number of potential
methodological problems leave the issue of exercise therapy
for the treatment of depression unsettled. Some possible
directions for future research are discussed, along with
clinical recommendations.},
Key = {fds270932}
}
@article{fds40065,
Author = {Carels, R.A. and Sherwood, A. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {High anxiety and white coat hypertension
[letter]},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {279},
Pages = {197-198},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds40065}
}
@article{fds40070,
Author = {Carels, R.A. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Sherwood,
A.},
Title = {Effects of satisfaction with social support on blood
pressure in normotensive and borderline hypertensive men and
women},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-85},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds40070}
}
@article{fds270841,
Author = {Carels, RA and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Effect of satisfaction with social support on blood pressure
in normotensive and borderline hypertensive men and
women.},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-85},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16250717},
Abstract = {The relation between blood pressure (BP) and two aspects of
social support, perceived satisfaction and structural social
support network characteristics, were examined in adults
classified as having normal BP or borderline hypertension.
Causal BPs were taken by a trained technician on 3 separate
visits, each approximately 1 week apart. Participants were
categorized as borderline hypertensive if screening systolic
blood pressure (SBP) fell in the range 130-160 mmHG and/or
diastolic blood pressure (DBP) fell in the range 85-100
mmHg; BPs below these ranges were considered normotensive.
Participants underwent ambulatory BP monitoring. Individuals
classified as normotensive reported significantly greater
support satisfaction than individuals with borderline
hypertension. Social network characteristics were not
associated with BP. During 24 hr of ambulatory BP
monitoring, high perceived support satisfaction was
associated with lower SBP and DBP at work, home, and during
sleep. These data suggest that perceived satisfaction with
social support is associated with lower BP. The presence of
social support also may reduce BP levels during daily
life.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327558ijbm0501_6},
Key = {fds270841}
}
@article{fds270921,
Author = {Carels, RA and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood, A},
Title = {Relationship of psychosocial and neurobehavioral functioning
in hypertension},
Journal = {Medicine & Behavior},
Volume = {1},
Number = {4},
Pages = {41-42},
Year = {1998},
Key = {fds270921}
}
@article{fds270922,
Author = {Carels, RA and Szczepanski, R and Blumenthal, JA and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Blood pressure reactivity and marital distress in employed
women.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {639-643},
Year = {1998},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9773771},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The impact of marital distress on cardiovascular
responses to an "ecologically valid" laboratory stressor (a
marital conflict recall task) was examined in maritally
distressed and non-distressed women. It was hypothesized
that the presence of high levels of marital distress would
be associated with elevated blood pressure and heart rate
responses to a marital conflict task. METHOD: Fifty married,
employed women, aged 25-45, were recruited into high and low
marital distress groups, based on total scores on the Dyadic
Adjustment Scale. Subjects participated in three laboratory
stress tasks: a marital conflict recall task, a work
conflict recall task, and a serial subtraction task.
RESULTS: During the marital conflict recall task, women
characterized as high in marital distress exhibited higher
systolic blood pressure (M = 21.4 +/- 9.1 vs. 17.3 +/- 7.7)
(p < .05) and heart rate (M = 13.6 +/- 9.5 vs. 10.9 +/- 6.5)
(p < .01) responses, compared with low-distress women.
However, the association between marital distress and
cardiovascular response was statistically significant only
after aggregate responses to the control stressors were used
as covariates. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that the
stress associated with recalling a marital conflict was
manifest in elevated blood pressure and heart rate,
particularly among women characterized as experiencing high
levels of distress in their marriage. Future research is
needed to determine whether the blood pressure differences
between women who are satisfied with their marriage, versus
those that are chronically distressed are clinically
meaningful. In addition, examination of the "ecological
validity" of laboratory stressors suggests that a useful
methodology may be to assess task responses, while
controlling for nonspecific individual differences in
cardiovascular reactivity.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199809000-00022},
Key = {fds270922}
}
@article{fds331296,
Author = {Gullette, ECD and Babyak, MA and Sherwood, A and Hinderliter, A and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {DEPRESSION PREDICTS LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN
HYPERTENSIVE INDIVIDUALS},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-93},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199801000-00024},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199801000-00024},
Key = {fds331296}
}
@article{fds331297,
Author = {Khatri, P and Babyak, MA and Clancy, C and Davis, R and Croughwell, N and Newman, M and Reves, JG and Mark, DB and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {PERCEPTION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS
UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {60},
Number = {1},
Pages = {107-107},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1998},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199801000-00080},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199801000-00080},
Key = {fds331297}
}
@article{fds270927,
Author = {Hlatky, MA and Bacon, C and Boothroyd, D and Mahanna, E and Reves, JG and Newman, MF and Johnstone, I and Winston, C and Brooks, MM and Rosen, AD and Mark, DB and Pitt, B and Rogers, W and Ryan, T and Wiens, R and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Cognitive function 5 years after randomization to coronary
angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {96},
Number = {9 Suppl},
Pages = {II-11-4},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9386068},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronary bypass surgery often leads to
short-term cognitive dysfunction, whereas coronary
angioplasty does not. Perioperative cognitive dysfunction
usually resolves, although a subgroup of surgical patients
may continue to exhibit long-term cognitive dysfunction. The
purpose of this study was to compare cognitive function 5
years after randomization to a strategy of either initial
coronary surgery or initial angioplasty. METHODS AND
RESULTS: Five centers in the Bypass Angioplasty
Revascularization Investigation participated in this
ancillary study. Patients with multivessel coronary disease
randomized to angioplasty or surgery were eligible at the
time of their 5-year clinic visit. A battery of five
measures previously shown to be sensitive to perioperative
changes in cognitive function was administered, including
the Logical and Figural Memory Scales from the Wechsler
Memory Scale, the Digit Symbol and Digit Span subtests from
the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and Part B of the
Reitan Trail Making Test. The 125 study patients were
generally similar to the 133 patients who were eligible but
did not participate, although study participants were
significantly younger (P=.003). The 64 patients randomly
assigned to angioplasty had baseline characteristics similar
to those of 61 patients randomly assigned to surgery.
Cognitive function scores were not significantly different
between angioplasty or surgery patients in an
intention-to-treat analysis (P=.57). There also was no
difference in cognitive function scores when the data were
analyzed according to whether the patient had ever undergone
bypass surgery (P=.59). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term cognitive
function is similar after coronary bypass surgery and
coronary angioplasty in the majority of patients.},
Key = {fds270927}
}
@article{fds270928,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Jiang, W and Babyak, MA and Krantz, DS and Frid, DJ and Coleman, RE and Waugh, R and Hanson, M and Appelbaum, M and O'Connor, C and Morris, JJ},
Title = {Stress management and exercise training in cardiac patients
with myocardial ischemia. Effects on prognosis and
evaluation of mechanisms.},
Journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {157},
Number = {19},
Pages = {2213-2223},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9342998},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that
myocardial ischemia can be elicited by mental stress in the
laboratory and during daily life and that ischemia induced
by mental stress is associated with an increased risk for
future cardiac events in patients with coronary artery
disease. OBJECTIVES: To examine the extent to which ischemia
induced by mental stress can be modified by exercise stress
management, and to evaluate the impact of these
interventions on clinical outcomes. METHODS: One hundred
seven patients with coronary artery disease and ischemia
documented during mental stress testing or ambulatory
electrocardiographic monitoring were randomly assigned to a
4-month program of exercise or stress management training.
Patients living at a distance from the facility formed a
nonrandom, usual care comparison group. Myocardial ischemia
was reassessed following treatment, and patients were
contacted annually for as long as 5 years to document
cardiac events, including death, nonfatal myocardial
infarction, and cardiac revascularization procedures.
RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (21%) experienced at least 1
cardiac event during a mean (+/- SD) follow-up period of 38
+/- 17 months. Stress management was associated with a
relative risk of 0.26 compared with controls. The relative
risk for the exercise group also was lower than that of
controls, but the effect did not reach statistical
significance. Stress management also was associated with
reduced ischemia induced by mental stress and ambulatory
ischemia. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that behavioral
interventions offer additional benefit over and above usual
medical care in cardiac patients with evidence of myocardial
ischemia.},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.1997.00440400063008},
Key = {fds270928}
}
@article{fds270789,
Author = {Hayano, J and Jiang, W and Waugh, R and O'Connor, C and Frid, D and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Stability over time of circadian rhythm of variability of
heart rate in patients with stable coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {American Heart Journal},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3},
Pages = {411-418},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9327696},
Abstract = {Reproducibility of circadian rhythm of variability in heart
rate was studied in 40 patients with stable coronary artery
disease who underwent 48-hour ambulatory
electrocardiographic recordings at baseline (time 1) and
after 4 months (time 2). The standard deviation of the R-R
interval and the low-frequency (0.04 to 0.15 Hz) and
high-frequency (0.15 to 0.45 Hz) components of variability
in heart rate were assessed every 5 minutes. In 35 patients
a significant circadian rhythm was observed at both time 1
and time 2 in the standard deviation of the R-R interval,
with the acrophase occurring at around 5:00 AM, in the
high-frequency amplitude with the acrophase around 3:00 AM,
and in the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio with the
acrophase around noon. In these patients, parameters of
circadian rhythm (mesor, amplitude, and acrophase) showed
good within-individual reproducibility with an intraclass
correlation coefficient of 0.63 to 0.95 (p < 0.001 for all).
In the patients who showed inconsistency about the
significance of circadian rhythm between time 1 or time 2,
the amplitude of circadian rhythm, even if significant, was
found in the lowest five values in the distribution. We
conclude that the circadian rhythms of cardiac autonomic
activity are stable over time within individual patients
with stable coronary artery disease.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-8703(97)70075-9},
Key = {fds270789}
}
@article{fds270929,
Author = {Tardiff, BE and Newman, MF and Saunders, AM and Strittmatter, WJ and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Croughwell, ND and Davis, RD and Roses,
AD and Reves, JG},
Title = {Preliminary report of a genetic basis for cognitive decline
after cardiac operations. The Neurologic Outcome Research
Group of the Duke Heart Center.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {715-720},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00757-1},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Changes in memory and cognition frequently
follow cardiac operations. We hypothesized that patients
with the apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele are genetically
predisposed to cognitive dysfunction after cardiac
operations. METHODS: The apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele
was evaluated as a predictor variable for postoperative
cognitive dysfunction in 65 patients undergoing cardiac
bypass grafting at Duke University Medical Center. The
primary outcome measure was performance on a cognitive
battery administered preoperatively and at 6 weeks
postoperatively. RESULTS: In a multivariable logistic
regression analysis including apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4,
preoperative score, age, and years of education, a
significant association was found between apolipoprotein
E-epsilon 4 and change in cognitive test score in measures
of short-term memory at 6 weeks postoperatively. Patients
with lower educational levels were more likely to show a
decline in cognitive function associated with the
apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele. CONCLUSIONS: This study
suggests that apolipoprotein E genotype is related to
cognitive dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiac
surgical patients may be susceptible to deterioration after
physiologic stress as a result of impaired genetically
determined neuronal mechanisms of maintenance and
repair.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00757-1},
Key = {fds270929}
}
@article{fds270930,
Author = {Murkin, JM and Stump, DA and Blumenthal, JA and McKhann,
G},
Title = {Defining dysfunction: group means versus incidence
analysis--a statement of consensus.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {904-905},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9307516},
Doi = {10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00743-1},
Key = {fds270930}
}
@article{fds270934,
Author = {Williams, RB and Barefoot, JC and Blumenthal, JA and Helms, MJ and Luecken, L and Pieper, CF and Siegler, IC and Suarez,
EC},
Title = {Psychosocial correlates of job strain in a sample of working
women.},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Number = {6},
Pages = {543-548},
Year = {1997},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9193195},
Keywords = {Adult • Cardiovascular Diseases • Cause of Death
• Decision Making • Exploratory Behavior •
Female • Health Status* • Humans •
Interpersonal Relations • Models, Psychological •
Personality Inventory • Risk Factors • Social
Support • Socioeconomic Factors • Stress,
Psychological • Women, Working • Workload •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study identifies potential mediators of job
strain effects on health by determining whether psychosocial
factors known to predict an increased risk of cardiovascular
disease and all-cause mortality are higher among women who
report high levels of job strain. METHODS: Measures of job
strain and other psychosocial risk factors were obtained in
a sample of 152 female employees of a local corporation.
Canonical correlation and analyses of covariance were used
to assess relationships between job demands and decision
latitude and other psychosocial risk factors. RESULTS: A
significant (P = .002) solution to the canonical correlation
analysis showed that high job demands and low decision
latitude were correlated with a pattern of psychosocial
factors consisting of (1) increased levels of negative
emotions like anxiety, anger, depression, and hostility; (2)
reduced levels of social support; and (3) a preponderance of
negative compared with positive feelings in dealings with
coworkers and supervisors. This pattern was confirmed by
analyses of covariance that adjusted for demographic and
specific job characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The canonical
correlation analysis results provide empirical support for
the job strain construct. The most important finding is that
health-damaging psychosocial factors like job strain,
depression, hostility, anxiety, and social isolation tend to
cluster in certain individuals.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830180061007},
Key = {fds270934}
}
@article{fds270936,
Author = {Gullette, EC and Blumenthal, JA and Babyak, M and Jiang, W and Waugh,
RA and Frid, DJ and O'Connor, CM and Morris, JJ and Krantz,
DS},
Title = {Effects of mental stress on myocardial ischemia during daily
life.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {277},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1521-1526},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9153365},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative risk of myocardial
ischemia triggered by specific emotions during daily life.
DESIGN AND SETTING: Relative risk was calculated by the
recently developed case-crossover method, in which the
frequency of a presumed trigger during nonischemic, or
control, hours is compared with the trigger's frequency
during ischemic, or case, hours. Outpatients at Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, NC, underwent 48 hours of
ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring with
concurrent self-report measures of activities and emotions.
Occurrences of negative emotions in the hour before the
onset of myocardial ischemia were compared with their usual
frequency based on all hours in which ischemia did not
occur. SUBJECTS: From a sample of 132 patients with coronary
artery disease and recent evidence of exercise-induced
ischemia who underwent 48 hours of ambulatory ECG
monitoring, 58 patients exhibited ambulatory ischemia and
were included in the analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Myocardial
ischemia during 48-hour ECG monitoring was defined as
horizontal or downsloping ST-segment depression of 1 mm (0.1
mV) or more for 1 minute or longer compared with resting
baseline. The ECG data were cross-tabulated with subjects'
concurrent diary ratings of 3 negative emotions-tension,
sadness, and frustration-and 2 positive emotions-happiness
and feeling in contro-on a 5-point scale of intensity.
RESULTS: The unadjusted relative risk of occurrence of
myocardial ischemia in the hour following high levels of
negative emotions was 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI],
1.5-5.9; P<.01) for tension, 2.9 (95% CI, 1.0-8.0; P<.05)
for sadness, and 2.6 (95% CI, 1.3-5.1; P<.01) for
frustration. The corresponding risk ratios adjusted for
physical activity and time of day were 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1
-4.5; P<.05) for tension, 2.2 (95% CI, 0.7-6.4; P=.16) for
sadness, and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1-4.3; P<.05) for frustration.
CONCLUSIONS: Mental stress during daily life, including
reported feelings of tension, frustration, and sadness, can
more than double the risk of myocardial ischemia in the
subsequent hour. The clinical significance of mental
stress-induced ischemia during daily life needs to be
further evaluated.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1997.03540430033029},
Key = {fds270936}
}
@article{fds40048,
Author = {Williams, R.B. and Barefoot, J.C. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Helms, M.J. and Luecken, L. and Pieper, C.F. and Siegler, I.C. and Suarez,
E.C.},
Title = {Psychological correlates of job strain in a sample of
working women},
Journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
Volume = {54},
Pages = {543-548},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds40048}
}
@article{fds270842,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O'Connor, C and Hinderliter, A and Fath, K and Hegde,
SB and Miller, G and Puma, J and Sessions, W and Sheps, D and Zakhary, B and Williams, RB},
Title = {Psychosocial factors and coronary disease. A national
multicenter clinical trial (ENRICHD) with a North Carolina
focus.},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {58},
Number = {6},
Pages = {440-444},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9392958},
Abstract = {In addition to traditional risk factors (cigarette smoking,
high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol) psychosocial
factors (depression, social isolation, and low socioeconomic
status) have an adverse impact on prognosis of patients with
CAD. Several studies of psychosocial and behavioral
treatments provide encouraging evidence for the clinical
efficacy of psychosocial interventions in CAD patients. A
new, multicenter clinical trial now underway (see sidebar)
will evaluate the impact of psychosocial interventions
(compared to usual care) on all-cause mortality and nonfatal
MI in post-MI patients with depression or perceived low
levels of social support or both.},
Key = {fds270842}
}
@article{fds270931,
Author = {Luecken, LJ and Suarez, EC and Kuhn, CM and Barefoot, JC and Blumenthal,
JA and Siegler, IC and Williams, RB},
Title = {Stress in employed women: impact of marital status and
children at home on neurohormone output and home
strain.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {352-359},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9251153},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological and psychological
effects of role overload, we examined the effects of marital
(or partnership) status and parental status (defined as
having children at home) on daily excretion of urinary
catecholamines and cortisol in a sample of 109 employed
women. Other measures included work and home strain, and
social support. METHODS: Urine collection was conducted on
two consecutive workdays in three separate aliquots, a)
overnight, b) daytime, and c) evening. Repeated-measures
analysis of covariance with age and caffeine consumption as
covariates was conducted on levels of epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and cortisol in the three aliquots averaged
across the 2 days. RESULTS: We found a significant main
effect of parental status on 24-hour cortisol excretion, (p
< .01) such that women with at least one child living at
home excreted significantly more cortisol, independent of
marital status or social support. Women with children at
home also reported higher home strain (p < .001) but not
work strain. A significant period of day effect for
catecholamine levels was found (norepinephrine, p < .001;
epinephrine, p < .0001) with all subjects showing an
increase during the workday and little or no decline in
levels during the evening. Catecholamine levels were
unrelated to marital status, parental status, or social
support. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that working
women with children at home, independent of marital status
or social support, excrete greater amounts of cortisol and
experience higher levels of home strain than those without
children at home.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199707000-00003},
Key = {fds270931}
}
@article{fds270935,
Author = {Szczepanski, R and Napolitano, M and Feaganes, JR and Barefoot, JC and Luecken, L and Swoap, RS and Kuhn, C and Suarez, E and Siegler, IC and Williams, RB and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during
daily life in employed women.},
Journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16250739},
Abstract = {Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine,
cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101
employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive
workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and
(3) evening. Self-reports of 14 mood states were combined to
correspond with the urinary collection periods. Factor
analyses revealed 3 mood factors: Pressured (rushed, busy,
stressed, hassled, and tense), Distressed (afraid,
depressed, bored, and nervous), and Contented (satisfied,
thoughtful, excited, and calm). The Distressed factor was
significantly associated with norepinephrine excretion (p
<.001). The Pressured factor was significantly associated
with cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine excretion (p
<.001) independent of age, ethnicity, marital status,
parental status, department within the company and activity
level. Secretion of urinary hormones and the Pressured
factor followed the same diurnal pattern. Specifically, as
women's self-ratings of feeling pressured initially
increased and then decreased over the course of the workday,
urinary hormones also peaked and then dropped. Once time of
day was statistically controlled, however, the mood factors
were no longer significantly related to the urinary
hormones.},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_1},
Key = {fds270935}
}
@article{fds270937,
Author = {Siegler, HC and Blumenthal, JA and Barefoot, JC and Peterson, BL and Saunders, WB and Dahlstrom, WG and Costa, PT and Suarez, EC and Helms,
MJ and Maynard, KE and Williams, RB},
Title = {Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior
in men and women.},
Journal = {Women'S Health (Hillsdale, N.J.)},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-70},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1077-2928},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9106371},
Abstract = {Personality assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI) in college was used to predict
exercise behavior measured at midlife in 3,630 men and 796
women enrolled in the University of North Carolina Alumni
Heart Study. Logistic regression models were fitted for each
of the MMPI clinical scales to test the predictive effect of
personality, gender, and their interaction on adult exercise
behavior. Lower depression, social introversion, and
psychopathic deviance scores were associated with increased
probability of exercising in midlife for both men and women.
Furthermore, better psychological health (indexed by lower
hypochondriases and psychasthenia) in college was generally
predictive of increased exercise for men, whereas higher
scores on these same factors predicted midlife exercise for
women. There were two other patterns of gender interactions:
(a) for men, lower scores on hysteria and schizophrenia
scales were associated with increased probability of
exercising at midlife, whereas these factors were unrelated
to exercise for women and (b) for women, lower ego strength
and higher college scores on paranoia and mania were
associated with exercise behavior at midlife. These data
suggest that early adulthood personality predictors of
exercise behavior at midlife are both gender-neutral and
gender-specific; that is, where no gender differences exist,
healthier personality traits predict exercise at midlife,
and when gender differences do occur, healthier college
patterns of personality predict exercise behavior for men
and sedentary behavior for women.},
Key = {fds270937}
}
@article{fds270636,
Author = {Wenger, NK and Sivarajan Froclicher and E and Kent Smith and L and Ades,
PA and Berra, K and Blumenthal, JA and Certo, CME and Dattilo, AM and Davis, D and DeBusk, RF and Drozda, J and Fletcher, BJ and Franklin, BA and Gaston, H and Greenland, P and McBride, PE and McGregor, CGA and Oldridge, NB and Piscatella, JC and Rogers, FJ},
Title = {Cardiac rehabilitation as secondary prevention: Quick
reference guide for clinicians},
Journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical Care in Pain & Symptom
Control},
Volume = {4},
Number = {4},
Pages = {101-125},
Year = {1996},
Month = {December},
Abstract = {This Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians highlights the
conclusions and recommendations from Cardiac Rehabilitation,
Clinical Practice Guideline No. 17, which was formulated by
a panel representing the major health care disciplines
involved in cardiac rehabilitation. The conclusions and
recommendations were derived from an extensive and critical
review of the scientific literature pertaining to cardiac
rehabilitation, as well as from the expert opinion of the
panel. This guide addresses the role of cardiac
rehabilitation and the potential benefits to be derived in
the comprehensive care of the 13.5 million patients with
coronary heart disease in the United States, as well as the
4.7 million patients with heart failure and the several
thousand patients undergoing heart transplantation. This
Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians highlights the major
effects of multifactorial cardiac rehabilitation services:
medical evaluation; prescribed exercise; cardiac risk factor
modification; and education, counseling, and behavioral
interventions. The outcomes of and recommendations for
cardiac rehabilitation services are categorized as to their
effects on exercise tolerance, strength training, exercise
habits, symptoms, smoking, lipids, body weight, blood
pressure, psychological well-being, social adjustment and
functioning, return to work, morbidity and safety issues,
mortality and safety issues, and pathophysiologic measures.
Patients with heart failure and after cardiac
transplantation, as well as elderly patients, are
specifically addressed. Alternate approaches to the delivery
of cardiac rehabilitation services are presented.},
Key = {fds270636}
}
@article{fds270938,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Kashikar-Zuck, S and Opiteck, J and Hage, E and Dalrymple,
L and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Pain in arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders: the role of
coping skills training and exercise interventions.},
Journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical
Therapy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {279-290},
Year = {1996},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0190-6011},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8892142},
Abstract = {There is growing recognition of the limitations of
conventional, biomedical approaches to the management of
pain in individuals having arthritis and musculoskeletal
disorders. This article provides an overview of newly
developed biopsychosocial approaches to the management of
pain in this population. The presentation is divided into
three sections. In the first section, a biopsychosocial
model of pain is presented. This model highlights the role
that biological factors (eg., disease severity, comorbid
conditions), cognitive-behavioral factors (eg., thoughts,
emotions, and behaviors), and environmental factors (eg.,
spouse or family responses to pain behavior) can play in
influencing the pain experience. In the second section, we
provide an overview of two newly developed treatment
protocols based on the biopsychosocial model of pain: a pain
coping skills training protocol and an exercise training
protocol. Practical aspects of implementing these protocols
are illustrated by highlighting how they are applied in the
management of patients having persistent osteoarthritic
pain. In the final section of the article, we pinpoint
several important future directions for research in this
area. Future studies need to explore the utility of
combining pain coping skills and exercise training
protocols. In addition, there is a need to identify
variables that predict patients' response to biopsychosocial
treatments.},
Doi = {10.2519/jospt.1996.24.4.279},
Key = {fds270938}
}
@article{fds270939,
Author = {Barefoot, JC and Helms, MJ and Mark, DB and Blumenthal, JA and Califf,
RM and Haney, TL and O'Connor, CM and Siegler, IC and Williams,
RB},
Title = {Depression and long-term mortality risk in patients with
coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {613-617},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8831391},
Abstract = {Previous research has established that patients with
coronary artery disease (CAD) have an increased risk of
death if they are depressed at the time of hospitalization.
Follow-up periods have been short in these studies;
therefore, the present investigation examined this
phenomenon over an extended period of time. Patients with
established CAD (n = 1,250) were assessed for depression
with the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and
followed for subsequent mortality. Follow-up ranged up to
19.4 years. SDS scores were associated with increased risk
of subsequent cardiac death (p = 0.002) and total mortality
(p < 0.001) after controlling for initial disease severity
and treatment. Patients with moderate to severe depression
had a 69% greater odds of cardiac death and a 78% greater
odds of mortality from all causes than nondepressed
patients. Increased risk was not confined to the initial
months after hospitalization. Patients with high SDS scores
at baseline still had a higher risk of cardiac death > 5
years later (p < 0.005). Compared with the nondepressed,
patients with moderate to severe depression had an 84%
greater risk 5 to 10 years later and a 72% greater risk
after > 10 years. Patients with mild depression had
intermediate levels of risk in all models. The heightened
long-term risk of depressed patients suggests that
depression may be persistent or frequently recurrent in CAD
patients and is associated with CAD progression, triggering
of acute events, or both.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00380-3},
Key = {fds270939}
}
@article{fds270747,
Author = {Rizzo, JA and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Is the target income hypothesis an economic
heresy?},
Journal = {Medical Care Research and Review : Mcrr},
Volume = {53},
Number = {3},
Pages = {243-266},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1077-5587},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10159929},
Keywords = {Fee-for-Service Plans • Fees, Medical • Female
• Health Services Research • Humans • Income
• Male • Models, Econometric* • Physicians,
Family • Practice Management, Medical •
Professional Practice Location • United States •
economics • economics* • statistics & numerical
data • statistics & numerical data* • supply &
distribution* • trends},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/107755879605300301},
Key = {fds270747}
}
@article{fds270843,
Author = {Fletcher, GF and Balady, G and Blair, SN and Blumenthal, J and Caspersen, C and Chaitman, B and Epstein, S and Sivarajan Froelicher,
ES and Froelicher, VF and Pina, IL and Pollock, ML},
Title = {Statement on exercise: benefits and recommendations for
physical activity programs for all Americans. A statement
for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and
Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical
Cardiology, American Heart Association.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {94},
Number = {4},
Pages = {857-862},
Year = {1996},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.94.4.857},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.94.4.857},
Key = {fds270843}
}
@article{fds270940,
Author = {Jiang, W and Babyak, M and Krantz, DS and Waugh, RA and Coleman, RE and Hanson, MM and Frid, DJ and McNulty, S and Morris, JJ and O'Connor, CM and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Mental stress--induced myocardial ischemia and cardiac
events.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {275},
Number = {21},
Pages = {1651-1656},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8637138},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical significance of mental
stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary
artery disease (CAD). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study in
outpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital assessed at
baseline and followed up for up to 5 years. SUBJECTS: A
total of 126 volunteer patients (112 men, 14 women; mean
age, 59 years) with documented CAD and exercise-induced
myocardial ischemia. OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients underwent
baseline mental stress and exercise testing using
radionuclide ventriculography and 48-hour Holter monitoring.
Patients were subsequently contacted by mailed
questionnaires or telephone to document cardiac events,
including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiac
revascularization procedures. Logistic regression and Cox
proportional hazards models were used to examine the
prognostic value of the ischemic measures after adjusting
for such potential confounding factors as age, baseline left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and history of
myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients (22%)
experienced at least 1 cardiac event. Baseline mental
stress-induced ischemia was associated with significantly
higher rates of subsequent cardiac events (odds ratio, 2.8;
95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-7.7; P < .05). The LVEF
change during mental stress was significantly related to
event-free survival (risk ratio [RR], 2.4; 95% CI,
1.12-5.14; P = .02), controlling for age, history of prior
myocardial infarction, and baseline LVEF. This relationship
remained significant after controlling for electrocardiogram
(ECG)-defined ischemia during exercise (RR, 2.2; 95% CI,
1.01-4.81; P < .05). The RR for ECG-defined ischemia during
exercise testing was 1.9 (95% CI, 0.95-3.96; P = .07) and
the RR for ambulatory ECG ischemia was 0.75 (95% CI,
0.35-1.64; P = .47). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of mental
stress-induced ischemia is associated with significantly
higher rates of subsequent fatal and nonfatal cardiac
events, independent of age, baseline LVEF, and previous
myocardial infarction, and predicted events over and above
exercise-induced ischemia. These data suggest that the
relationship between psychological stress and adverse
cardiac events may be mediated by the occurrence of
myocardial ischemia.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.275.21.1651},
Key = {fds270940}
}
@article{fds270941,
Author = {Newman, MF and Croughwell, ND and Blumenthal, JA and Lowry, E and White,
WD and Reves, JG},
Title = {Cardiopulmonary bypass and the central nervous system:
potential for cerebral protection.},
Journal = {Journal of Clinical Anesthesia},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3 Suppl},
Pages = {53S-60S},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0952-8180},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8695116},
Doi = {10.1016/s0952-8180(96)90013-6},
Key = {fds270941}
}
@article{fds271044,
Author = {Mahanna, EP and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Croughwell, ND and Clancy, CP and Smith, LR and Newman, MF},
Title = {Defining neuropsychological dysfunction after coronary
artery bypass grafting.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {61},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1342-1347},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8633938},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite the large body of literature documenting
the presence of cognitive decline after coronary artery
bypass grafting, there is little consensus as to the
frequency and extent of cognitive impairment. One potential
reason for this lack of agreement is the absence of uniform
criteria for assessing cognitive decline. METHODS: Two
hundred thirty-two patients underwent cognitive testing the
day before operation and were examined before discharge, and
at 6 weeks and 6 months after grafting. For comparative
purposes, five different sets of criteria were used to
define cognitive decline. RESULTS: There was little
agreement between the criteria as to which patients declined
at each test period. The incidence of decline ranged from
66% to 15.3% before discharge, 34% to 1.1% at 6 weeks, and
19.4% to 3.4% at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: A large variation in
reported incidence of cognitive decline after coronary
artery bypass grafting can be attributed to the different
criteria used to define cognitive impairment.},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(95)01095-5},
Key = {fds271044}
}
@article{fds270942,
Author = {Gullette, ECD and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise therapy for the prevention and treatment of
depression},
Journal = {Journal of Practical Psychiatry and Behavioral
Health},
Volume = {2},
Number = {5},
Pages = {263-271},
Year = {1996},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1076-5417},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00131746-199609000-00001},
Abstract = {The authors review evidence suggesting that regular aerobic
exercise - walking, jogging, swimming, or biking - reduces
depression in healthy adults and in patients with major
depression. Several potential mechanisms for the
antidepressant effects of exercise are discussed. The
authors then review the critical elements for writing an
"exercise prescription" and provide specific guidelines for
recommending exercise training in clinical practice.
Copyright© Williams & Wilkins, Waverly Inc.},
Doi = {10.1097/00131746-199609000-00001},
Key = {fds270942}
}
@article{fds40031,
Author = {Mahanna, E.P. and Blumenthal, J.A. and White, W.D. and Croughwell, N.D. and Clancy, C.P. and Smith, L.R. and Newman,
M.F.},
Title = {Defining neuropsychological dysfunction after coronary
artery bypass grafting},
Journal = {Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {61},
Pages = {1342-1347},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds40031}
}
@article{fds270635,
Author = {Wenger, NK and Froelicher, ES and Smith, LK and Ades, PA and Berra, K and Blumenthal, JA and Certo, CME and Dattilo, AM and Davis, D and DeBusk,
RF and Jr, JPD and Fletcher, BJ and Franklin, BA and Gaston, H and Greenland, P and McBride, PE and McGregor, CGA and Oldridge, NB and Piscatella, JC and Rogers, FJ},
Title = {Cardiac rehabilitation as secondary prevention. Cardiac
Rehabilitation Guideline Panel.},
Journal = {American Family Physician},
Volume = {52},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2257-2264},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
Key = {fds270635}
}
@article{fds270943,
Author = {Koenig, HG and Blumenthal, J and Moore, K},
Title = {New version of brief depression scale.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {43},
Number = {12},
Pages = {1447},
Year = {1995},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06636.x},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06636.x},
Key = {fds270943}
}
@article{fds270790,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Jiang, W and Waugh, RA and Frid, DJ and Morris, JJ and Coleman, RE and Hanson, M and Babyak, M and Thyrum, ET and Krantz,
DS},
Title = {Mental stress-induced ischemia in the laboratory and
ambulatory ischemia during daily life. Association and
hemodynamic features.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {92},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2102-2108},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7554188},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the
correspondence of mental stress-induced ischemia in the
laboratory with ambulatory ischemia and to assess the
relationship between hemodynamic responses to mental stress
and the occurrence of ischemia. Although exercise testing is
usually used to elicit myocardial ischemia, ischemia during
daily life usually occurs at relatively low heart rates and
in the absence of strenuous physical exercise. Mental stress
has been shown to trigger ischemic events in the laboratory
at lower heart rates but at blood pressures comparable to
exercise. We therefore compared the extent to which mental
stress and exercise testing identify patients who develop
ischemia out of hospital. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred
thirty-two patients with documented coronary disease and
recent evidence of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia
underwent 48-hour ambulatory monitoring and radionuclide
ventriculography during exercise and mental stress testing.
Patients who displayed mental stress-induced ischemia in the
laboratory were more likely to exhibit ischemia during daily
life (P < .021). Furthermore, patients who exhibited
ischemia during ambulatory monitoring displayed larger
diastolic blood pressure (P < .006), heart rate (P < .039),
and rate-pressure product responses (P < .018) during mental
stress. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with prior positive
exercise stress tests, mental stress-induced ischemia,
defined by new wall motion abnormalities, predicts daily
ischemia independent of exercise-induced ischemia.
Exaggerated hemodynamic responses during mental stress
testing also identify individuals who are more likely to
exhibit myocardial ischemia during daily life and mental
stress.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.92.8.2102},
Key = {fds270790}
}
@article{fds270737,
Author = {Wenger, NK and Froelicher, ES and Smith, LK and Ades, PA and Berra, K and Blumenthal, JA and Certo, CM and Dattilo, AM and Davis, D and DeBusk,
RF},
Title = {Cardiac rehabilitation as secondary prevention. Agency for
Health Care Policy and Research and National Heart, Lung,
and Blood Institute.},
Journal = {Clin Pract Guidel Quick Ref Guide Clin},
Number = {17},
Pages = {1-23},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8595435},
Keywords = {Aged • Exercise Therapy • Health Behavior •
Health Status • Heart Diseases • Humans •
Patient Education as Topic • Rehabilitation •
methods • mortality • psychology •
rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {This Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians highlights the
conclusions and recommendations from Cardiac Rehabilitation,
Clinical Practice Guideline No. 17, which was formulated by
a panel representing the major health care disciplines
involved in cardiac rehabilitation. The conclusions and
recommendations were derived from an extensive and critical
review of the scientific literature pertaining to cardiac
rehabilitation, as well as from the expert opinion of the
panel. This guide addresses the role of cardiac
rehabilitation and the potential benefits to be derived in
the comprehensive care of the 13.5 million patients with
heart disease in the United States, as well as the 4.7
million patients with heart failure and the several thousand
patients undergoing heart transplantation. This Quick
Reference Guide for Clinicians highlights the major effects
of multifactorial cardiac rehabilitation services: medical
evaluation; prescribed exercise; cardiac risk factor
modification; and education, counseling, and behavioral
interventions. The outcomes of and recommendations for
cardiac rehabilitation services are categorized as to their
effects on exercise tolerance, strength training, exercise
habits, symptoms, smoking, lipids, body weight, blood
pressure, psychological well-being, social adjustment and
functioning, return to work, morbidity and safety issues,
mortality and safety issues, and pathophysiologic measures.
Patients with heart failure and after cardiac
transplantation, as well as elderly patients, are
specifically addressed. Alternate approaches to the delivery
of cardiac rehabilitation services are presented.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270737}
}
@article{fds270948,
Author = {Jiang, W and Blumenthal, JA and Hanson, MW and Coleman, RE and O'Connor,
CM and Frid, D and Morris, JJ and Waugh, RA},
Title = {Relative importance of electrode placement over number of
channels in transient myocardial ischemia detection by
Holter monitoring.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {76},
Number = {5},
Pages = {350-354},
Year = {1995},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7639158},
Abstract = {To compare the efficacy of 3-channel ambulatory
electrocardiographic monitoring (Holter monitoring) with
2-channel Holter monitoring in the detection of transient
myocardial ischemia (TMI), channels CM2, CM5, and modified
II were studied. Sixty patients with documented coronary
artery disease underwent 48-hour Holter monitoring during
their normal daily life, followed by exercise stress testing
in the laboratory monitored by means of radionuclide
ventriculography and standard 12-lead electrocardiography.
Analysis revealed that 3-channel Holter monitoring
identified 24 patients with a total of 205 TMI episodes and
a total ischemic burden of 371.00 mV-min. By itself, CM2
would have detected only 3 patients (13% of the TMI
population), 6 TMI episodes (3% of the total TMI episodes),
and a 2.4 mV-min ischemic burden (0.7% of the total ischemic
burden). Modified II alone would have identified 17 patients
(71% of the TMI population), 160 TMI episodes (78% of the
total TMI episodes), and 307.24 mV-min of the ischemic
burden (82% of the total ischemic burden). The combination
of CM5/modified II identified 23 patients (96% of the TMI
population), 201 TMI episodes (98% of the total TMI
episodes), and 370.44 mV-min of the ischemic burden (98% of
the total ischemic burden). These findings suggest that the
electrode placement is more important than the absolute
number of channels in the detection of TMI by Holter
monitoring.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80099-x},
Key = {fds270948}
}
@article{fds270947,
Author = {Newman, MF and Kramer, D and Croughwell, ND and Sanderson, I and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Smith, LR and Towner, EA and Reves,
JG},
Title = {Differential age effects of mean arterial pressure and
rewarming on cognitive dysfunction after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {236-242},
Year = {1995},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7618708},
Abstract = {Central nervous system dysfunction is a common consequence
of otherwise uncomplicated cardiac surgery. Many mechanisms
have been postulated for the cognitive dysfunction that is
part of these neurologic sequelae. The purpose of our
investigation was to evaluate the effects of mean arterial
pressure (MAP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the
rate of rewarming on cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery. Two hundred thirty-seven patients completed
preoperative and predischarge neuropsychologic testing. MAP
and temperature were recorded at 1-min intervals using an
automated anesthesia record keeper. MAP area less than 50 mm
Hg (time and degree of hypotension), as well as the maximal
rewarming rate, were determined for each patient.
Multivariable linear regression revealed that the rate of
rewarming and MAP were unrelated to cognitive decline.
However, interactions significantly associated with
cognitive decline were found between age and MAP area less
than 50 mm Hg on one measure, and between age and rewarming
rate in another, identifying susceptibility of the elderly
to these factors. Although MAP and rewarming were not the
primary determinates of cognitive decline in this surgical
population, hypotension and rapid rewarming contributed
significantly to cognitive dysfunction in the
elderly.},
Doi = {10.1097/00000539-199508000-00005},
Key = {fds270947}
}
@article{fds289618,
Author = {Sherwood, A and May, CW and Siegel, WC and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Ethnic differences in hemodynamic responses to stress in
hypertensive men and women.},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {8},
Number = {6},
Pages = {552-557},
Year = {1995},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0895-7061},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7662238},
Keywords = {Adult • African Continental Ancestry Group* •
Aging • Cold Temperature • European Continental
Ancestry Group* • Female • Hemodynamics •
Humans • Hypertension • Male • Mental
Processes • Middle Aged • Pressure • Sex
Characteristics • Stress, Psychological • United
States • Vascular Resistance • adverse effects
• ethnology* • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Hemodynamic response patterns to three laboratory stressors
were compared in 63 mildly hypertensive black and white men
and women. Ethnic groups were matched for age, body mass
index, and casual blood pressures. Stressors included a
mental arithmetic task, a simulated public speaking task,
and a forehead cold pressor test. Blood pressure increases
during the stressors were similar in the two ethnic groups.
However, the pressor responses were mediated by greater
vascular tone in black compared to white subjects. These
differences persisted whether the hemodynamic response
pattern was associated with an overall fall (speech task) or
rise (cold pressor) in systemic vascular resistance. Gender
differences in the hemodynamic basis of pressor responding
were also observed. Women, compared to men, exhibited
greater increases in heart rate and smaller vascular
contributions to their blood pressure increases during
stress. Ethnic and gender differences are discussed in terms
of the neurohumoral mechanisms mediating the cardiovascular
stress response. The findings are consistent with converging
evidence suggesting that beta-adrenergic receptor
down-regulation is characteristic of hypertension in whites,
whereas heightened vascular alpha-receptor sensitivity or
early vascular hypertrophy may be a feature of hypertension
in blacks.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/0895-7061(95)00036-O},
Key = {fds289618}
}
@article{fds270951,
Author = {Burnett, RE and Blumenthal, JA and Mark, DB and Leimberger, JD and Califf, RM},
Title = {Distinguishing between early and late responders to symptoms
of acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {75},
Number = {15},
Pages = {1019-1022},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7747681},
Abstract = {The present study identified factors that distinguish early
responders (i.e., requested medical assistance < 60 minutes
after the onset of acute myocardial infarction [AMI]
symptoms) from late responders (i.e., request made > or = 60
minutes after symptom onset). A questionnaire developed to
assess demographic characteristics, contextual factors,
antecedents to symptom onset, and behavioral, affective, and
cognitive responses was administered in the hospital to 501
patients with documented AMI. Patients who believed that
their symptoms were cardiac in nature were more likely to be
early responders, whereas patients who attributed their
symptoms to indigestion, muscle pain, fatigue, or another
cause responded later (p < 0.0009). Early responders
believed their symptoms to be more serious (p < 0.0001),
felt more comfortable seeking medical assistance (p <
0.0001), were more anxious or upset when they first noticed
symptoms (p = 0.0118), and perceived that they had less
control of their symptoms (p < 0.0001) than late responders.
A stepwise multiple regression analysis further suggested
that unmarried patients responded significantly later than
married patients, and patients who first experienced their
symptoms at work responded significantly later than those
who first experienced their symptoms outside of the home but
not at work. These results suggest that situational and
psychological variables are important determinants of
lengthy decision delays in responding to symptoms of
AMI.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80716-4},
Key = {fds270951}
}
@article{fds270845,
Author = {Murkin, JM and Newman, SP and Stump, DA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Statement of consensus on assessment of neurobehavioral
outcomes after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1289-1295},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7733754},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(95)00106-u},
Key = {fds270845}
}
@article{fds270950,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Mahanna, EP and Madden, DJ and White, WD and Croughwell, ND and Newman, MF},
Title = {Methodological issues in the assessment of neuropsychologic
function after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1345-1350},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7733766},
Abstract = {This report reviews critical issues facing investigators
interested in neuropsychologic sequelae after cardiac
operations: (1) experimental design; (2) selective
attrition; (3) selection of instruments; (4) moderating
factors; (5) definitions of cognitive decline; (6)
statistical analysis; and (7) clinical significance.
Implications for further research in the area are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(95)00055-p},
Key = {fds270950}
}
@article{fds270952,
Author = {Newman, MF and Croughwell, ND and Blumenthal, JA and Lowry, E and White,
WD and Spillane, W and Davis, RD and Glower, DD and Smith, LR and Mahanna,
EP},
Title = {Predictors of cognitive decline after cardiac
operation.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1326-1330},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7733762},
Abstract = {Despite major advances in cardiopulmonary bypass technology,
surgical techniques, and anesthesia management, central
nervous system complications remain a common problem after
cardiopulmonary bypass. The etiology of neuropsychologic
dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass remains unresolved
and is probably multifactorial. Demographic predictors of
cognitive decline include age and years of education;
perioperative factors including number of cerebral emboli,
temperature, mean arterial pressure, and jugular bulb oxygen
saturation have varying predictive power. Recent data
suggest a genetic predisposition for cognitive decline after
cardiac surgery in patients possessing the apolipoprotein E
epsilon-4 allele, known to be associated with late-onset and
sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease. Predicting patients
at risk for cognitive decline allows the possibility of many
important interventions. Predictive power and weapons to
reduce cellular injury associated with neurologic insults
lend hope of a future ability to markedly decrease the
impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on short-term and long-term
neurologic, cognitive, and quality-of-life
outcomes.},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(95)00076-w},
Key = {fds270952}
}
@article{fds270791,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Thyrum, ET and Gullette, ED and Sherwood, A and Waugh, R},
Title = {Do exercise and weight loss reduce blood pressure in
patients with mild hypertension?},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {92-95},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7898595},
Abstract = {We conclude from our review that exercise and weight loss
offer some promise as non-pharmacologic treatments for
hypertension. Unfortunately, most available studies are
methodologically unsound, and the mechanisms by which
exercise lowers blood pressure are not known. The use of
randomized controlled designs, precise and comprehensive
measurements of blood pressure and fitness, and clearly
described interventions will be necessary if we are to
decide whether exercise and diet lower blood pressure in
patients with hypertension. We are now about to embark on
such a study (see sidebar) in hopes that it will provide a
clear answer to the question of whether these
non-pharmacologic treatments can help the large numbers of
Americans (and North Carolinians) with high blood
pressure.},
Key = {fds270791}
}
@article{fds270953,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Thyrum, ET and Siegel, WC},
Title = {Contribution of job strain, job status and marital status to
laboratory and ambulatory blood pressure in patients with
mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-144},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7595871},
Abstract = {The effects of job strain, occupational status, and marital
status on blood pressure were evaluated in 99 men and women
with mild hypertension. Blood pressure was measured during
daily life at home and at work over 15 h of ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring. On a separate day, blood pressure was
measured in the laboratory during mental stress testing. As
expected, during daily life, blood pressure was higher at
work than at home. High job strain was associated with
elevated systolic blood pressure among women, but not men.
However, both men and women with high status occupations had
significantly higher blood pressures during daily life and
during laboratory mental stress testing. This was especially
true for men, in that men with high job status had higher
systolic blood pressures than low job status men. Marital
status also was an important moderating variable,
particularly for women, with married women having higher
ambulatory blood pressures than single women. During mental
stress testing, married persons had higher systolic blood
pressures than unmarried individuals. These data suggest
that occupational status and marital status may contribute
even more than job strain to variations in blood pressure
during daily life and laboratory testing.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(94)00087-l},
Key = {fds270953}
}
@article{fds270954,
Author = {Burker, EJ and Blumenthal, JA and Feldman, M and Burnett, R and White,
W and Smith, LR and Croughwell, N and Schell, R and Newman, M and Reves,
JG},
Title = {Depression in male and female patients undergoing cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {The British Journal of Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {119-128},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0144-6657},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7757034},
Abstract = {The present longitudinal study was designed to determine the
prevalence of depression in male and female patients
undergoing cardiac surgery, and to examine what factors are
associated with depression before and after surgery. One day
prior to surgery (T1), and one day prior to discharge from
the hospital (T2), 141 patients completed a psychometric
test battery including the Center for Epidemiological
Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the State-Trait Anxiety
Inventory (STAI), and the Perceived Social Support Scale
(PSSS). Data were also collected on 13 physiological
measures. Forty-seven per cent of patients were depressed
(defined as a score of 16 or above on the CES-D) at T1.
Scores on the CES-D significantly increased from T1 (M = 15)
to T2 (M = 20), with 61 per cent of patients classified as
depressed at T2. Factors associated with depression at T1
were female gender, higher state anxiety, and less social
support. Depressed patients at T2 were characterized by
higher scores on the STAI at T2 and higher scores on the
CES-D at T1. The prevalence of depression in cardiac surgery
patients, particularly women, may be underrecognized and
warrants increased attention.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8260.1995.tb01444.x},
Key = {fds270954}
}
@article{fds270770,
Author = {Burker, EJ and Blumenthal, JA and Feldman, M and Thyrum, E and Mahanna,
E and White, W and Smith, LR and Lewis, J and Croughwell, N and Schell,
R},
Title = {The Mini Mental State Exam as a predictor of
neuropsychological functioning after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine},
Volume = {25},
Number = {3},
Pages = {263-276},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0091-2174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8567193},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Brain Damage, Chronic •
Coronary Artery Bypass • Coronary Disease • Female
• Follow-Up Studies • Heart Valve Diseases •
Heart Valve Prosthesis • Humans • Male •
Mental Status Schedule • Middle Aged •
Postoperative Complications • Psychometrics •
Reference Values • Reproducibility of Results •
diagnosis* • psychology • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data* • surgery*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present longitudinal study was designed to:
1) determine the ability of the Mini Mental State Exam
(MMSE) to predict neuropsychologic impairment based on
neuropsychologic testing five to seven days and six weeks
after cardiac surgery; and 2) to determine whether the
traditional or the education-related MMSE norms are more
appropriate to use for this purpose. METHOD: The day before
surgery (T1), before hospital discharge (T2), and six weeks
after surgery (T3), 247 subjects completed a battery of five
neuropsychologic tests. Subjects also completed the Center
for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the
Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Subjects
completed the MMSE two to three days after surgery. RESULTS:
Stepwise regression analyses revealed that the MMSE
significantly predicted only a small portion of the variance
in neuropsychologic test performance at T2, and to an even
lesser extent at T3, over and above the demographic
variables. In assessing the association between an
impairment score (derived from the neuropsychologic test
battery) and the MMSE, we found that the traditional MMSE
cut-off score maximized specificity (number of true
negatives) while the education-adjusted MMSE cut-off scores
maximized sensitivity (number of true positives).
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that although the MMSE is
widely used to assess cognitive mental status, it may have
limited value in identifying patients with cognitive
impairment post-cardiac surgery, and special attention must
be paid to the cut-off scores used in interpreting the
MMSE.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.2190/VDMB-RJV7-M7UK-YYKG},
Key = {fds270770}
}
@article{fds270844,
Author = {Wenger, NK and Sivarajan Froelicher and E and Smith, IK and Ades, PA and Berra, K and Blumenthal, JA and Certo, CME and Dattilo, AM and Davis, D and DeBusk, RF and Drozda, JP and Fletcher, BJ and Franklin, BA and Gaston,
H and Greenland, P and McBride, PE and McGregor, CGA},
Title = {Cardiac rehabilitation},
Journal = {Clinical Practice Guideline},
Volume = {17},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds270844}
}
@article{fds270944,
Author = {Burker, EJ and Blumenthal, JA and Feldman, M and Thyrum, E and Mahanna,
E and White, W and Smith, LR and Lewis, J and Croughwell, N and Schell, R and Newman, M and Reves, JG},
Title = {The Mini mental state exam as a predictor of
neuropsychological functioning after cardiac
surgery},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine:
Biopsychosocial Aspects of Patient Care},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds270944}
}
@article{fds270945,
Author = {Jiang, W and Trauner, MA and Coleman, RE and Waugh, RA and Hanson, MW and Frid, DJ and Phillips, BG and Morris, JJ and O'Connor, C and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Association of physical fitness and transient myocardial
ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {431-438},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8624970},
Abstract = {PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between physical
fitness and transient myocardial ischemia (TMI) in the
laboratory and during daily life, in a sample of coronary
patients with a recent positive exercise test. METHODS: 47
patients with coronary disease (CAD) participated in
laboratory mental and exercise stress testing and 48-hour
outpatient Holter monitoring after being withdrawn from
ant-ischemic medications. During laboratory testing, left
ventricular performance was assessed by radionuclide
ventriculography. Physical fitness was assessed by
measurement of oxygen consumption during symptom-limited
exercise treadmill testing. RESULTS: Higher physical fitness
subjects were less likely to exhibit wall-motion
abnormalities in response to mental stress (P < .05), and to
exercise stress (P < .05) testing. They also had smaller
decreases in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in
response to mental stress than less fit subjects (P .056),
and exhibited a mean increase in LVEF during exercise,
compared to the less fit subjects who exhibited a decrease
in LVEF (P < .02). Moreover, higher fit subjects exhibited
fewer episodes of TMI (P < .04), for a shorter duration (P <
.04), and less total ischemic burden (P < .04) during Holter
monitoring. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that within a
population of CAD patients, higher levels of physical
fitness are associated with less TMI assessed in the
laboratory and during routine activities of daily
living.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-199511000-00007},
Key = {fds270945}
}
@article{fds270946,
Author = {Thyrum, ET and Blumenthal, JA and Madden, DJ and Siegel,
W},
Title = {Family history of hypertension influences neurobehavioral
function in hypertensive patients.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {496-500},
Year = {1995},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8552742},
Abstract = {This study examined the influence of family history of
hypertension on neurobehavioral performance. Sixty-two
hypertensive men and women who reported a family history of
hypertension (+FH) were compared with 28 hypertensive
individuals without a family history (-FH) and 32
normotensive control subjects. A neurocognitive test battery
that included tests of information processing, verbal
memory, and figural memory was administered individually to
each patient. Results showed that +FH, compared with -FH and
normotensive control subjects, was associated with poorer
performance on three tests of attention and short-term
memory (Sternberg reaction time, Trails B, and Digit Span).
There were no differences between the groups on tests of
either verbal or figural memory. Other variables, including
gender, ethnicity, age, years of education, blood pressure,
state anxiety, depression, and Type A behavior did not
account for these results. In addition, +FH hypertensive
subjects reported greater levels of state anxiety and
depression compared with -FH hypertensive subjects and
normotensive control subjects. The findings suggest a
genetic link to impaired cognitive abilities, as observed
among hypertensive patients relative to their normotensive
counterparts.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199509000-00013},
Key = {fds270946}
}
@article{fds270949,
Author = {Sherwood, A and May, CW and Siegel, WC and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Ethnic differences in hemodynamic responses to stress in
hypertensive men and women},
Journal = {American Journal of Hypertension},
Volume = {8},
Pages = {522-557},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds270949}
}
@article{fds304913,
Author = {Croughwell, ND and Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Lewis, JB and Frasco, PE and Smith, LR and Thyrum, EA and Hurwitz, BJ and Leone, BJ},
Title = {Jugular bulb saturation and cognitive dysfunction after
cardiopulmonary bypass.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {58},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1702-1708},
Year = {1994},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7979740},
Keywords = {Aged • Brain • Cardiopulmonary Bypass •
Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Oxygen • Oxygen Consumption • Psychological Tests
• adverse effects* • blood supply • blood*
• etiology* • metabolism*},
Abstract = {Inadequate cerebral oxygenation during cardiopulmonary
bypass may lead to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in
patients undergoing cardiac operations. A psychological test
battery was administered to 255 patients before cardiac
operation and just before hospital discharge. Postoperative
impairment was defined as a decline of more than one
standard deviation in 20% of tests. Variables significantly
(p < 0.05) associated with postoperative cognitive
impairment are baseline psychometric scores, largest
arterial-venous oxygen difference, and years of education.
Jugular bulb hemoglobin saturation is significant if it
replaces arterial-venous oxygen difference in the model.
Factors correlated with jugular bulb saturation at
normothermia were cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen
consumption (r = -0.6; p < 0.0005), cerebral blood flow (r =
0.4; p < 0.0005), oxygen delivery (r = 0.4; p < 0.0005), and
mean arterial pressure (r = 0.15; p < 0.05). Three measures
were significantly related to desaturation at normothermia
and at hypothermia as well: greater cerebral oxygen
extraction, greater arterial-venous oxygen difference, and
lower ratio of cerebral blood flow to arterial-venous oxygen
difference. We conclude that cerebral venous desaturation
occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass in 17% to 23% of people
and is associated with impaired postoperative cognitive test
performance.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(94)91666-7},
Key = {fds304913}
}
@article{fds270792,
Author = {Newman, MF and Croughwell, ND and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Lewis, JB and Smith, LR and Frasco, P and Towner, EA and Schell, RM and Hurwitz, BJ},
Title = {Effect of aging on cerebral autoregulation during
cardiopulmonary bypass. Association with postoperative
cognitive dysfunction.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {90},
Number = {5 Pt 2},
Pages = {II243-II249},
Year = {1994},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7955260},
Keywords = {Aging • Cardiopulmonary Bypass* • Cerebrovascular
Circulation • Cognition • Cognition Disorders
• Coronary Artery Bypass* • Female •
Homeostasis • Humans • Intraoperative Care •
Male • Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests
• Postoperative Complications • Preoperative Care
• Wechsler Scales • etiology* • physiology
• physiology* • physiopathology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Age is a predictor of cognitive dysfunction
after cardiac surgery, but the mechanism is unknown. The
purpose of our study was to determine whether age-related
decrements in cognition are associated with cerebral blood
flow (CBF) autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass
(CPB). METHODS AND RESULTS: Cognitive function testing was
completed before surgery and before hospital discharge in
215 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass
grafting (CABG) surgery. The battery consisted of seven
tests with nine measures designed to evaluate memory, mood
changes, and visuomotor speed and function. Pressure-flow
and metabolic-flow cerebral autoregulation during
hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass were determined using the
133Xe clearance CBF method and radial artery and jugular
bulb effluent to calculate cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2)
and cerebral AV difference (C[AV]O2). Pressure-flow
autoregulation was tested by using two CBF measurements at
stable hypothermia: one at stable mean arterial pressure
(MAP) and the second 15 minutes later when MAP had increased
or decreased > or = 20%. Metabolism-flow autoregulation was
tested by varying the temperature (CMRO2) and measuring the
coupling of CBF and CMRO2. Individual patient autoregulation
was correlated with changes in cognitive measures. Cognitive
performance declined in 6 of 9 measures after CABG surgery.
Age predicted cognitive decline in 7 of 9 measures;
short-term memory showed the greatest effect of age.
Pressure-flow autoregulation during hypothermic CPB showed a
small but significant (P < .0001) effect of pressure on CBF.
There was no effect of age on the slope of CBF response to
changes in MAP (pressure-flow autoregulation). There was a
major effect of temperature on CBF during CPB (P < .0001).
Coupling CBF and CMRO2 with changing temperature was
unaffected by age. Changes in cognition were not associated
with measures of cerebral autoregulation. However,
increasing C(AV)O2 is associated with cognitive deficits in
5 of 9 measures; these associations were independent of age.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased age predisposes to impaired cognition
after cardiac surgery. This decline in cognitive function in
the elderly is not associated with age-related changes in
cerebral blood flow autoregulation. The association of
increased oxygen extraction with decline in some measures of
cognitive function suggests that an imbalance in cerebral
tissue oxygen supply, which is unrelated to age, contributes
to acute cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery.
Cognitive dysfunction after CPB in the elderly cannot be
explained by impaired CBF autoregulation.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270792}
}
@article{fds270958,
Author = {Hamer, ME and Blumenthal, JA and McCarthy, EA and Phillips, BG and Pritchett, EL},
Title = {Quality-of-life assessment in patients with paroxysmal
atrial fibrillation or paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {74},
Number = {8},
Pages = {826-829},
Year = {1994},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7942563},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(94)90448-0},
Key = {fds270958}
}
@article{fds270955,
Author = {KRAMER, DC and STANLEY, TE and SANDERSON, I and WHITE, WD and CROUGHWELL, ND and LEWIS, JA and BLUMENTHAL, JA and SMITH, LR and TOWNSEND, E and HATTON, AC and GILBERT, W and REVES, JG and NEWMAN,
MF},
Title = {FAILURE TO DEMONSTRATE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEAN
ARTERIAL-PRESSURE DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS AND
POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {81},
Number = {3A},
Pages = {A156-A156},
Publisher = {LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL},
Year = {1994},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-3022},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1994PJ09100156&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270955}
}
@article{fds270957,
Author = {Trauner, MA and Jiang, W and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Prognostic significance of silent myocardial
ischemia},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {16},
Number = {1},
Pages = {24-34},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Transient myocardial ischemia (TMI), a condition in which
blood flow to the heart is temporarily restricted, has been
recognized as an important measure of cardiovascular disease
activity. Episodes of TMI are associated with an increased
risk of adverse cardiac events, are relatively common in
patients with coronary artery disease, and are predominantly
asymptomatic. These asymptomatic episodes of TMI, which may
be triggered by strenuous physical activity or by daily
activities involving little physical effort, represent a
condition known as silent myocardial ischemia (SMI).
Although the unfavorable prognosis associated with
symptom-related TMI, commonly referred to as angina pectoris
(AP), has been well studied, the independent prognostic
value of SMI has not been adequately addressed. Some studies
have reported that SMI has independent prognostic
significance, while other studies have concluded that the
prognostic significance of TMI is the same whether it is SMI
or AP. Methodological limitations of past research,
including poorly defined patient characteristics,
inadequately defined TMI, and insufficient follow-up
periods, have contributed to conflicting results. This
review examines the prognostic importance of TMI and
specifically addresses the independent contribution of SMI
over and above that of AP.},
Key = {fds270957}
}
@article{fds270959,
Author = {Emery, CF and Blumenthal, JA and Hauck, ER and Ekelund,
LG},
Title = {Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress in hypertensive
patients receiving atenolol vs enalapril},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {232-237},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1994},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-199407000-00005},
Abstract = {Background. This study compared the effects of the
cardioselective beta- blocker, atenolol (AT), and the
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril (EN), on
psychophysiologic reactivity to mental stress among
hypertensive patients inadequately controlled with a
diuretic alone. Methods. Thirty hypertensive subjects
(sitting diastolic blood pressure [DBP] between 95 mmHg and
115 mmHg) were randomly assigned to either AT (50-100 mg
once daily) or EN (2.5-40 mg once daily), following a 4-week
lead-in phase during which subjects were treated with
hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 25 mg once daily). After the
lead-in phase, subjects were monitored during a 4-week dose
titration phase, and an 8-week maintenance phase.
Psychophysiologic testing occurred after 4 weeks on HCTZ
(Time 1), and again after 12 weeks on HCTZ and either AT or
EN (Time 2). Testing consisted of a 5-minute resting period
followed by 5 minutes of mental arithmetic, performed while
cardiovascular responses were monitored. Cardiovascular
reactivity scores were calculated at both times of
measurement. Time 2 reactivity scores were analyzed by
analysis of covariance, covarying reactivity scores at Time
1. Results. Heart rate reactivity at Time 2 was
significantly less for the AT group than for the EN group.
However, blood pressure reactivity was significantly less in
the EN group than the AT group. Conclusions. These results
are consistent with previous studies of beta-blockers, but
suggest the potential efficacy of EN in attenuating blood
pressure reactivity to mental stress.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-199407000-00005},
Key = {fds270959}
}
@article{fds39997,
Author = {Newman, M.F. and Croughwell, N.D. and Blumenthal, J.A. and White, W.D. and Lewis, J.B. and Smith, L.R. and Frasco, P. and Towner, E.A. and Schell, R.M. and Hurwitz, B.J. and Reves, J.G.},
Title = {The effect of aging on cerebral autoregulation during
cardiopulmonary bypass: Association with postoperative
cognitive dysfunction},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {90},
Pages = {243-249},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds39997}
}
@article{fds270846,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Mank, DB},
Title = {Quality of life and recovery after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {213-215},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8084966},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199405000-00006},
Key = {fds270846}
}
@article{fds270956,
Author = {Croughwell, N and Newman, M and Blumenthal, JA and White, WD and Lewis,
JB and Croughwell, ND and Smith, LR and Townsend, EA and Hurwitz, BJ and Leone, BJ and Schell, RM and Reves, JG},
Title = {Jugular bulb saturation and cognitive dysfunction after
cardiopulmonary bypass},
Journal = {Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {58},
Number = {6},
Pages = {1-7},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7979740},
Abstract = {Inadequate cerebral oxygenation during cardiopulmonary
bypass may lead to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in
patients undergoing cardiac operations. A psychological test
battery was administered to 255 patients before cardiac
operation and just before hospital discharge. Postoperative
impairment was defined as a decline of more than one
standard deviation in 20% of tests. Variables significantly
(p < 0.05) associated with postoperative cognitive
impairment are baseline psychometric scores, largest
arterial-venous oxygen difference, and years of education.
Jugular bulb hemoglobin saturation is significant if it
replaces arterial-venous oxygen difference in the model.
Factors correlated with jugular bulb saturation at
normothermia were cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen
consumption (r = -0.6; p < 0.0005), cerebral blood flow (r =
0.4; p < 0.0005), oxygen delivery (r = 0.4; p < 0.0005), and
mean arterial pressure (r = 0.15; p < 0.05). Three measures
were significantly related to desaturation at normothermia
and at hypothermia as well: greater cerebral oxygen
extraction, greater arterial-venous oxygen difference, and
lower ratio of cerebral blood flow to arterial-venous oxygen
difference. We conclude that cerebral venous desaturation
occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass in 17% to 23% of people
and is associated with impaired postoperative cognitive test
performance.},
Key = {fds270956}
}
@article{fds270960,
Author = {Burker, EJ and Fredrikson, M and Rifai, N and Siegel, W and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Serum lipids, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular responses
to stress in men and women with mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {155-161},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0896-4289},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8032118},
Abstract = {In this study, we examined the relation between serum lipid
levels, gender, and cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress
reactivity in patients with mild hypertension. Ninety-nine
individuals (62 men, 37 women) with mild hypertension
performed four mental stress tasks: mental arithmetic,
public speaking, cold stress, and a computer videogame.
Cardiovascular reactivity scores were computed by
subtracting the minimum resting blood pressure (BP) and
heart rate (HR) values from the maximum values obtained
during each task. Neuroendocrine reactivity was calculated
as the change from epinephrine and norepinephrine values
from mean rest to mean task. High and low reactors were
identified on the basis of median splits of reactivity
scores, averaged across all four stressors. High systolic
blood pressure reactors had higher levels of total (TC),
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apo-B than
did low reactors. High diastolic blood pressure reactors had
lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
and higher levels of LDL-C and apo-B than did low reactors.
High HR reactors had higher apo-AI:apo-AII ratios than low
reactors. Lipid levels were not different for high and low
epinephrine and norepinephrine reactors. Although women were
noted to have more favorable lipid profiles than men, both
male and female hypertensive patients who were high reactors
had less favorable lipid profiles than low
reactors.},
Doi = {10.1080/08964289.1994.9935186},
Key = {fds270960}
}
@article{fds270793,
Author = {Jiang, W and Hayano, J and Coleman, ER and Hanson, MW and Frid, DJ and O'Connor, C and Thurber, D and Waugh, RA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Relation of cardiovascular responses to mental stress and
cardiac vagal activity in coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {72},
Number = {7},
Pages = {551-554},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8362769},
Abstract = {Forty-six patients with documented coronary artery disease
were studied to examine the relation of cardiovascular
reactivity to mental stress and cardiac vagal activity.
Cardiac vagal activity was measured by means of
frequency-domain analysis of heart rate variability with
48-hour out-of-hospital Holter monitoring. The amplitude of
the high-frequency component (0.16 to 0.40 Hz) of heart rate
variability is considered to be an index of cardiac vagal
activity. Cardiovascular reactivity was measured in the
laboratory during a 3-minute public speaking task. Results
revealed that (1) the amplitude of the high-frequency
component was significantly higher during sleep (24.6 +/-
11.3 ms) than during waking (18.2 +/- 8.0 ms) (p = 0.002);
(2) compared to subjects with low diastolic blood pressure
reactivity, those who displayed high diastolic blood
pressure reactivity exhibited a significantly lower
amplitude of the high-frequency component (19.2 +/- 6.9 vs
23.4 +/- 9.6 ms, p = 0.03). These results indicate that
decreased cardiac vagal activity may contribute to the
exaggerated diastolic blood pressure reactivity to mental
stress in patients with coronary artery disease.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(93)90350-l},
Key = {fds270793}
}
@article{fds270963,
Author = {Pierce, TW and Madden, DJ and Siegel, WC and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive and psychosocial
functioning in patients with mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {286-291},
Year = {1993},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8404802},
Abstract = {The effects of 16 weeks of physical exercise training on the
psychological functioning of 90 patients with mild
hypertension were examined. At baseline and after 16 weeks
of training, patients completed a psychometric test battery
that included objective measures of neuropsychological
performance and standardized self-report measures of
psychosocial functioning. Patients were randomly assigned to
one of three groups: aerobic exercise, strength training and
flexibility exercise, or a waiting list control group. After
training, there were no group differences on any of the
psychological measures, even though patients who engaged in
exercise perceived themselves as functioning better in a
number of psychological domains.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.12.4.286},
Key = {fds270963}
}
@article{fds270834,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Wei, J},
Title = {Psychobehavioral treatment in cardiac rehabilitation.},
Journal = {Cardiology Clinics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {323-331},
Year = {1993},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0733-8651},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8508457},
Abstract = {This article reviews the empirical evidence for the use of
behavioral and psychological therapies in the rehabilitation
of patients with coronary disease. Exercise training, Type A
modification, psychological counseling, smoking cessation,
and dietary modification are considered. It is concluded
that psychobehavioral therapies offer considerable promise
to coronary patients in improving quality and quantity of
life.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0733-8651(18)30182-6},
Key = {fds270834}
}
@article{fds270847,
Author = {Croughwell, ND and Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA and Towner, EA and Baldwin, BI and Schell, RM and Burker, EJ and Frasco, PE and Feldman,
ME and Lewis, JB and White, WD and Smith, LR and Reves,
JG},
Title = {Jugular venous saturation and cerebral arterial venous
oxygen difference predict cognitive dysfunction after
cardiac surgery},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {88},
Pages = {1545},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds270847}
}
@article{fds270961,
Author = {Reves, JG and Newman, MF and Blumenthal, JA and Croughwell, ND and Towner, E and Feldman, M and Lewis, J and White, W and Smith, LR and Wiener, D},
Title = {Age and cognition after CABG surgery: Role of blood flow
autoregulation},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {33},
Pages = {230},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds270961}
}
@article{fds270962,
Author = {TOWNER, EA and BLUMENTHAL, JA},
Title = {THE EFFICACY OF EXERCISE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF
HYPERTENSION},
Journal = {Homeostasis in Health and Disease},
Volume = {34},
Number = {5-6},
Pages = {338-345},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0960-7560},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1993MY69000014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Key = {fds270962}
}
@article{fds270964,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Madden, DJ and Pierce, TW and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Hypertension affects neurobehavioral functioning.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-50},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8446740},
Abstract = {This study compared the neurobehavioral performance of
hypertensive and normotensive men and women using
neuropsychological, information-processing, and psychometric
assessments. One hundred subjects, including 68 hypertensive
and 32 normotensive individuals, completed a test battery
that yielded scores on measures of speed of information
processing, verbal and figural memory, psychosocial
functioning, Type A behavior, and locus of control. Results
showed that, compared with the normotensive individuals, the
hypertensives performed more poorly on a set of tasks that
measure speed of information processing and short-term
memory (Digit Symbol, Digit Span (Backwards), and Reaction
Time (slope)). The hypertensives also reported higher levels
of state anxiety relative to their normotensive
counterparts. The effects of hypertension on neurobehavioral
functioning could not be accounted for on the basis of age
or education.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-199301000-00008},
Key = {fds270964}
}
@article{fds270965,
Author = {Steege, JF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The effects of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms in
middle-aged women: a preliminary study.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-133},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8463989},
Abstract = {The effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on
premenstrual symptoms were evaluated in 23 healthy
premenopausal women. Premenstrual symptoms were assessed at
baseline and following 3 months of exercise participation.
Women who engaged in aerobic exercise significantly
increased their aerobic capacity, while the women who
participated in non-aerobic exercise did not. Results showed
that while participation in both exercise conditions was
associated with general improvement in many premenstrual
symptoms, subjects in the aerobic exercise group improved on
more symptoms, especially premenstrual depression.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(93)90079-u},
Key = {fds270965}
}
@article{fds270968,
Author = {Hauck, ER and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Obsessive and compulsive traits in athletes.},
Journal = {Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {215-227},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1475551},
Doi = {10.2165/00007256-199214040-00001},
Key = {fds270968}
}
@article{fds270970,
Author = {Fredrikson, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Serum lipids, neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to
stress in healthy Type A men.},
Journal = {Biological Psychology},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {45-58},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0301-0511},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1420654},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship between serum lipid
activity in healthy Type A men and cardiovascular and
neuroendocrine responses to a behavioral stressor, mental
arithmetic. Assessment of blood lipids included measures of
total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDLC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and
serum triglycerides. Cardiovascular (blood pressure and
heart rate) and neuroendocrine (epinephrine, norepinephrine
and cortisol) responses were recorded before (rest), during
(stress) and after (recovery) the mental arithmetic test.
Diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and, to a
lesser extent, systolic blood pressure levels at rest,
during stress, and at recovery correlated positively with TC
levels. In addition, both diastolic and mean arterial
pressure were positively correlated with the ratio of TC to
HDLC and with triglycerides during stress and recovery.
Heart rate did not correlate with any lipid measure.
Cardiovascular stress-reactivity calculated as change from
rest to stress did not correlate significantly with any
lipid measure. Plasma norepinephrine during stress
correlated positively with triglycerides; a similar trend
was observed for the TC/HDLC ratio. Plasma cortisol at rest
and during stress correlated positively with the TC/HDLC
ratio and serum triglycerides, and negatively with HDLC.
Plasma norepinephrine reactivity calculated as change from
rest to stress correlated negatively with HDLC and
positively with triglycerides. In addition, cortisol
reactivity was positively correlated with triglycerides. It
is suggested that the mechanisms mediating Type A behavior
and coronary heart disease may include increased
cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses as well as
unfavorable lipid profiles.},
Doi = {10.1016/0301-0511(92)90023-n},
Key = {fds270970}
}
@article{fds270967,
Author = {Emery, CF and Hauck, ER and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise adherence or maintenance among older adults: 1-year
follow-up study.},
Journal = {Psychology and Aging},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {466-470},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1388868},
Abstract = {Follow-up evaluation was conducted of 101 older men and
women (mean age = 67 +/- 5 years) who had participated in a
randomized study of physiological and psychological effects
of aerobic exercise. Eighty-five subjects completed the
follow-up evaluation, and almost all of them (94%) reported
continuing with physical activity, as assessed by a
self-report measure. Total energy expenditure was calculated
as an indicator of exercise maintenance, and energy
expenditure at follow-up was predicted from measures of
physiological functioning, psychological well-being, and
cognitive functioning obtained at the conclusion of the
structured exercise program. Greater cardiorespiratory
endurance, faster psychomotor speed, and lower anxiety
predicted exercise behavior at follow-up, accounting for 13%
of the variance in exercise behavior. Gender was not a
significant predictor of exercise behavior.},
Doi = {10.1037//0882-7974.7.3.466},
Key = {fds270967}
}
@article{fds304910,
Author = {Fletcher, GF and Blair, SN and Blumenthal, J and Caspersen, C and Chaitman, B and Epstein, S and Falls, H and Froelicher, ES and Froelicher, VF and Pina, IL},
Title = {Statement on exercise. Benefits and recommendations for
physical activity programs for all Americans. A statement
for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and
Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical
Cardiology, American Heart association.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Pages = {340-344},
Year = {1992},
Month = {July},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.86.1.340},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.86.1.340},
Key = {fds304910}
}
@article{fds270969,
Author = {Croughwell, ND and Frasco, P and Blumenthal, JA and Leone, BJ and White,
WD and Reves, JG},
Title = {Warming during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with
jugular bulb desaturation.},
Journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {827-832},
Year = {1992},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1570979},
Abstract = {The objective of this study was to characterize cerebral
venous effluent during normothermic nonpulsatile
cardiopulmonary bypass. Thirty-one (23%) of 133 patients met
desaturation criteria (defined as jugular bulb venous oxygen
saturation less than or equal to 50% or jugular bulb venous
oxygen tension less than or equal to 25 mm Hg) during
normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (after hypothermic
cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees to 28 degrees C).
Cerebral blood flow, calculated using xenon 133 clearance
methodology, was significantly (p less than 0.005) higher in
the saturated group (33.7 +/- 10.3 mL.100 g-1.min-1) than in
the desaturated group (26.2 +/- 6.9 mL.100 g-1.min-1),
whereas the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen was
significantly lower (p less than 0.005) in the saturated
group (1.28 +/- 0.39 mL.100 g-.min-1) than in the
desaturated group (1.52 +/- 0.36 mL.100 g-1.min-1) at
normothermia. The arteriovenous oxygen difference at
normothermia was lower in the saturated group (3.92 +/- 1.12
mL/dL) than in the desaturated group (5.97 +/- 1.05 mL/dL).
Neuropsychological testing was performed in 74 of the 133
patients preoperatively and on day 7 postoperatively. There
was a general decline in mean scores of all tests
postoperatively in both groups with no significant
difference between the groups. We conclude that cerebral
venous desaturation represents a global imbalance in
cerebral oxygen supply-demand that occurs during
normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and may represent
transient cerebral ischemia. These episodes, however, are
not associated with impared neuropsychological test
performance as compared with the performance of patients
with no evidence of desaturation.},
Doi = {10.1016/0003-4975(92)91445-f},
Key = {fds270969}
}
@article{fds315449,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {In Reply},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {267},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1777-1778},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1992},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1992.03480130088022},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1992.03480130088022},
Key = {fds315449}
}
@article{fds270732,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Failure of exercise to reduce blood pressure},
Journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {116},
Number = {2},
Pages = {15},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds270732}
}
@article{fds270735,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Failure of exercise to reduce blood pressure},
Journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
Volume = {116},
Number = {SUPPL. 1},
Pages = {15},
Year = {1992},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds270735}
}
@article{fds270848,
Author = {Fletcher, GF and Blair, SN and Blumenthal, JA and Caspersen, C and Chaitman, B and Epstein, S and Falls, H and Froelicher, ESS and Froelicher, VF and Pina, IL},
Title = {Statement on exercise: Benefits and recommendations for
physical activity programs for all Americans},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {86},
Number = {1},
Pages = {340-344},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds270848}
}
@article{fds270966,
Author = {Hayano, J and Wei, J and Mukai, S and Takata, K and Fujinami, T and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Autonomic mechanism underlying transient myocardial ischemia
in daily life analyzed by complex demodulation of ambulatory
heart rate variability},
Journal = {Therapeutic Research},
Volume = {13},
Pages = {3989-3992},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds270966}
}
@article{fds270971,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Letter to the editor},
Journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
Volume = {267},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1776-1778},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.267.13.1776},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.267.13.1776},
Key = {fds270971}
}
@article{fds304909,
Author = {Stewart, KJ and Kelemen, MH and Gordon, NF and Duncan, JJ and Scott, CB and Arroll, B and Beaglehole, R and Hill, D and Blumenthal, JA and Siegel,
WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Failure of exercise to reduce hypertension
[2]},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {267},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1776-1778},
Year = {1992},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.267.13.1776},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.267.13.1776},
Key = {fds304909}
}
@article{fds270975,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Madden, DJ and Schniebolk, S and Walsh-Riddle, M and George, LK and McKee, DC and Higginbotham, MB and Cobb, FR and Coleman, RE},
Title = {Long-term effects of exercise on psychological functioning
in older men and women.},
Journal = {Journal of Gerontology},
Volume = {46},
Number = {6},
Pages = {P352-P361},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1940092},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the
psychological, behavioral, and cognitive changes associated
with up to 14 months of aerobic exercise training. For the
first 4 months of the study, 101 older (greater than 60
years) men and women were randomly assigned to one of three
conditions: Aerobic exercise, Yoga, or a Waiting List
control group. Before and following the intervention, all
subjects completed a comprehensive assessment battery,
including measures of mood and cognitive functioning. A
semi-crossover design was employed such that, following
completion of the second assessment, all subjects completed
4 months of aerobic exercise and underwent a third
assessment. Subjects were given the option of participating
in 6 additional months of supervised aerobic exercise (14
months total), and all subjects, regardless of their
exercise status, completed a fourth assessment. Results
indicated that subjects experienced a 10-15% improvement in
aerobic capacity. In general, there were relatively few
improvements in cognitive performance associated with
aerobic exercise, although subjects who maintained their
exercise participation for 14 months experienced
improvements in some psychiatric symptoms. However, the
healthy subjects in this study were functioning at a
relatively high level to begin with, and exercise training
may produce greater improvements among elderly with
concomitant physical or emotional impairments.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronj/46.6.p352},
Key = {fds270975}
}
@article{fds270977,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Madden, DJ and Schniebolk, S and Riddle, MW and Cobb, FR and Higginbotham, M and Coleman,
RE},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on bone density in older men
and women.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {39},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1065-1070},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1753043},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of up to 14 months of
aerobic exercise on measures of bone density in older
adults. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with subjects
assigned to either an aerobic exercise condition,
non-aerobic yoga, or a wait list non-exercise control group
for 4 months. Aerobic fitness and bone density were
evaluated in all subjects at baseline (Time 1) and after 4
months (Time 2). A semi-crossover design was utilized with
all subjects completing 4 months of aerobic exercise,
followed by another evaluation (Time 3). All subjects were
then given the option of 6 additional months of aerobic
exercise, after which they had a fourth evaluation (Time 4).
SETTING: An outpatient exercise rehabilitation facility at a
large, major medical center. SUBJECTS: One-hundred-one
healthy men (n = 50) and women (n = 51) over age 60 (Mean
age = 67.0), recruited from the community. INTERVENTION: The
exercise program included stretching, cycle ergometry, and
walking three times per week for 60 minutes throughout the
course of the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: Aerobic fitness
(VO2max) as assessed by cycle ergometry, and bone density
(bone mineral content) measured by single photon
absorptiometry. RESULTS: Subjects achieved a 10%-15%
increase in VO2max after 4 months of exercise training, and
1%-6% further improvement with additional training. Aerobic
fitness was associated with significant increases in bone
density in men, but not women, who maintained aerobic
exercise for 14 months.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb02870.x},
Key = {fds270977}
}
@article{fds270976,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Siegel, WC and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Failure of exercise to reduce blood pressure in patients
with mild hypertension. Results of a randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {266},
Number = {15},
Pages = {2098-2104},
Year = {1991},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1920698},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: --To assess the effects of physical exercise
training on blood pressure in patients with mild
hypertension. DESIGN: --Randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: --Hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program.
PATIENTS: --Ninety-nine men and women with untreated mild
hypertension (systolic blood pressure, 140 to 180 mm Hg;
diastolic blood pressure, 90 to 105 mm Hg) were included in
the volunteer sample. INTERVENTIONS: --Subjects were
randomly assigned to a 4-month program of aerobic exercise
training, strength and flexibility training, or to a waiting
list control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: --The main
outcome measures were systolic and diastolic blood pressures
measured four times with a random zero sphygmomanometer on 3
separate days in a clinic setting. RESULTS: --After 4 months
of exercise training, subjects in the aerobic exercise group
did not exhibit greater reductions in blood pressure than
subjects in the control group. We expected a differential
decline of 5 mm Hg between the aerobic exercise and waiting
list control groups and found a difference of -1.0 +/- 16 mm
Hg and -1.2 +/- 10 mm Hg at alpha = .05 for systolic and
diastolic blood pressure, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:
--Moderate aerobic exercise alone should not be considered a
replacement for pharmacologic therapy in nonobese patients
with mild hypertension.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1991.03470150070033},
Key = {fds270976}
}
@article{fds270982,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Madden, DJ and Coleman, RE and Riddle,
MW and Schniebolk, S and Cobb, FR and Sullivan, MJ and Higginbotham,
MB},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on cardiorespiratory function
in men and women older than 60 years of age.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {7},
Pages = {633-639},
Year = {1991},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2000798},
Abstract = {This study reports the physiologic effects of up to 14
months of aerobic exercise in 101 older (greater than 60
years) men and women. After an extensive baseline
physiologic assessment (Time 1), in which aerobic capacity
and blood lipids were measured, subjects were randomized to
an aerobic exercise condition (cycle ergometry, 3 times per
week for 1 hour), nonaerobic yoga (2 times per week for 1
hour), or a waiting list nonexercise control group for 4
months, and then underwent a second (Time 2) assessment. At
the completion of the second assessment, all remaining
subjects completed 4 months of aerobic exercise and were
reevaluated (Time 3). Subjects were given the option of
participating in 6 additional months of supervised aerobic
exercise, and all available subjects completed a fourth
assessment (Time 4) 14 months after their initial baseline
evaluation. Results indicated that subjects generally
exhibited a 10 to 15% improvement in peak oxygen consumption
after 4 months of aerobic exercise training, and a 1 to 6%
improvement in aerobic power with additional aerobic
exercise training. On the other hand, subjects, especially
men, continued to have improvements in submaximal exercise
performance (i.e., anaerobic threshold). In addition,
aerobic exercise was associated with an improved lipid
profile; subjects participating in aerobic exercise for up
to 14 months exhibited increased levels of high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol. Maintenance of regular aerobic
exercise for an extended time interval is associated with
greater cardiovascular benefits among older adults than has
been reported previously.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(91)90904-y},
Key = {fds270982}
}
@article{fds270974,
Author = {Emery, CF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of physical exercise on psychological and cognitive
functioning of older adults},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {13},
Number = {3},
Pages = {99-107},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds270974}
}
@article{fds270980,
Author = {Suarez, EC and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Ambulatory blood pressure responses during daily life in
high and low hostile patients with a recent myocardial
infarction},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {11},
Number = {3},
Pages = {169-175},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-199105000-00003},
Abstract = {This study examined cardiovascular (CV) responses during
daily activities among patients with myocardial infarction
(MI) with high and low scores on the Cook-Medley hostility
(Ho) questionnaire. Ambulatory recordings of heart rate (HR)
and blood pressure (BP) were recorded during routine daily
activities, and patients completed a behavioral diary.
During periods of low emotional stress, patients with low Ho
scores exhibited higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) than
patients with high Ho scores. During high levels of
emotional stress, SBP levels for patients with high and low
Ho scores did not differ. However, post-hoc comparisons
showed that emotional stress was associated with greater SPB
responses for patients with high Ho scores, but not for
patients with low Ho scores. Additional analyses failed to
find Ho group differences for CV levels at home and work, or
during periods of high and low mental effort. The findings
are discussed in light of laboratory evidence suggesting
that patients with high Ho scores exhibit increased CV
responses to stress-provoking tasks.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-199105000-00003},
Key = {fds270980}
}
@article{fds270981,
Author = {Siegel, WC and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of
hypertension},
Journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {13},
Number = {1},
Pages = {23-30},
Year = {1991},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds270981}
}
@article{fds270794,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Fredrikson, M and Matthews, KA and Kuhn, CM and Schniebolk, S and German, D and Rifai, N and Steege, J and Rodin,
J},
Title = {Stress reactivity and exercise training in premenopausal and
postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {10},
Number = {6},
Pages = {384-391},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1765033},
Abstract = {Examined the influence of ovarian function on
psychophysiological stress responses and determined if
aerobic exercise reduced stress reactivity. Fifty
premenopausal and postmenopausal women initially were
subjected to a public speaking task and an
ice-on-the-forehead procedure, during which time their blood
pressure and heart rate were monitored and continuous blood
samples were obtained. Subjects also underwent aerobic
fitness evaluations with a maximum-exercise treadmill test.
Subjects were then randomly assigned to a 12-week exercise
program of either aerobic exercise (e.g., walking and
jogging at a prescribed exercise intensity) or non-aerobic
strength and flexibility training and were then reevaluated.
Results indicated that postmenopausal women exhibited lower
resting epinephrine levels but greater epinephrine
reactivity to the speaking task compared to the
premenopausal women. There were no differences between
premenopausal and postmenopausal women with respect to
cardiovascular or catecholamine responses during the cold
challenge. Premenopausal and postmenopausal women also
achieved comparable improvements in aerobic fitness.
However, results of the mental stress testing were complex
and provided only partial support for the role of aerobic
exercise in reducing stress responses.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.10.6.384},
Key = {fds270794}
}
@article{fds270972,
Author = {Fredrikson, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Ambulatory blood pressure in relation to serum lipid levels
in premenopausal and postmenopausal women},
Journal = {Journal of Ambulatory Monitoring},
Volume = {4},
Pages = {199-206},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds270972}
}
@article{fds270973,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Madden, DJ and Burker, EJ and Croughwell, N and Schniebolk, S and Smith, R and White, WD and Hlatky, M and Reves,
JG},
Title = {A preliminary study of the effects of cardiac procedures on
cognitive performance.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychosomatics : Official
Publication of the International Psychosomatics
Institute},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {13-16},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0884-8297},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1778680},
Abstract = {The effects of three commonly performed cardiac procedures
on cognitive performance were evaluated in patients
undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (N =
20), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
procedure (N = 8), or cardiac valve repair (N = 11).
Patients completed a neuropsychological test battery on the
day prior to their surgery and at discharge. Results showed
that valve and CABG patients exhibited declines in
performance on the Digit Symbol subtest, while PTCA patients
did not change. Reaction time performance improved for the
PTCA patients but declined significantly for valve patients.
These results suggest that common cardiac procedures may
have measurable effects on cognitive performance, as
assessed by a relatively brief test battery.},
Key = {fds270973}
}
@article{fds270978,
Author = {Hayano, J and Wei, J and O'Connor, C and Frid, D and Waugh, R and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Impaired circadian change in parasympathetic activity in
patients with transient myocardial ischemia at rest: An
analysis of 48-hour heart rate variability},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {84},
Pages = {II-651:2587},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds270978}
}
@article{fds270979,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Matthews, K and Fredrikson, M and Rifai, N and Schniebolk, S and German, D and Steege, J and Rodin,
J},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on cardiovascular function and
plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein concentrations
in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis : a Journal of Vascular
Biology},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {912-917},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {1049-8834},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065042},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise on lipid
levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Fifty
healthy middle-aged women (mean age, 50 years) were randomly
assigned to 12 weeks of either aerobic exercise (walking and
jogging) or nonaerobic strength exercise (circuit Nautilus
training). Concentrations of total cholesterol, high density
lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein
cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol
were assessed, along with apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo
A-II, apo B, and triglycerides. To document changes in
aerobic capacity, maximum treadmill testing was performed
with expired-gas analysis before and after the exercise
program. Aerobic exercise was associated with an 18%
improvement in peak VO2. Women in the aerobic group had an
increased VO2, from 26.7 to 31.4 ml/kg/min (p less than
0.0001), while the VO2 of the women in the strength training
group did not change (25.8 ml/kg/min before and after).
There were no differential changes in lipid levels because
all subjects experienced slight reductions in high density
lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol and increases
in apo A-I and the apo A-I to apo B ratio. There was a
tendency for the aerobic group to exhibit lower levels of
apo A-II and a greater apo A-I to apo A-II ratio, however.
We conclude that premenopausal and postmenopausal women
experience similar changes in aerobic capacity and lipid
levels with exercise and that the short-term effects of
aerobic and nonaerobic exercise on lipid profiles are
generally comparable.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.atv.11.4.912},
Key = {fds270979}
}
@article{fds270986,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Turner, JR and Light, KC and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Temporal stability of the hemodynamics of cardiovascular
reactivity.},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {1},
Pages = {95-98},
Year = {1990},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2269653},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure • Cardiac Output •
Cardiography, Impedance • Competitive Behavior •
Hemodynamics* • Humans • Individuality • Male
• Middle Aged • Reaction Time • Time Factors
• Vascular Resistance • physiology*},
Abstract = {Cardiovascular responses to a competitive reaction-time task
were monitored in 13 male subjects tested twice, 3 months
apart. The temporal stability of blood pressure responses
was in line with previous reports. However, in this study
impedance cardiography permitted the investigation of the
hemodynamic adjustments underlying the observed blood
pressure responses. Analyses revealed that cardiac output
and total peripheral resistance responses displayed temporal
stability, indicating that subjects' blood pressure
responses on the two occasions were the result of similar
hemodynamic responses. These data thus extend the literature
by demonstrating that the hemodynamic response pattern
itself represents a stable individual difference
variable.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/0167-8760(90)90050-n},
Key = {fds270986}
}
@article{fds270795,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Ekelund, LG and Emery, CF},
Title = {Quality of life among hypertensive patients with a diuretic
background who are taking atenolol and enalapril.},
Journal = {Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {447-454},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-9236},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2225705},
Abstract = {The cardioselective beta-blocker atenolol and the
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril were
compared for efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life factors
in 30 patients with hypertension whose hypertension was
inadequately controlled with diuretic alone. Atenolol (50 to
100 mg once a day) and enalapril (2.5 to 40 mg once a day),
combined with hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg once a day), had
similar levels of efficacy and safety. A comprehensive
battery of psychologic assessments for quality of life was
administered, including measures of anxiety, depression,
psychiatric symptoms, memory, and psychomotor function.
These five conceptually based clusters were first analyzed
by multivariate analysis of variance procedures, followed by
univariate analyses of the individual variables composing
each domain. In general, neither atenolol nor enalapril was
associated with major changes in psychologic functioning.
The only data cluster with a statistically significant
change was memory function, primarily as a result of lower
scores of the digit span (backward) test, for atenolol
relative to enalapril. These preliminary findings suggest
that atenolol and enalapril have comparable degrees of
efficacy and safety, with no major disparities in
quality-of-life effects, for hypertensive patients with a
history of taking diuretics and this sort of quality-of-life
assessment can be performed during trials of
antihypertensive drugs.},
Doi = {10.1038/clpt.1990.174},
Key = {fds270795}
}
@article{fds270766,
Author = {Siegel, WC and Blumenthal, JA and Divine, GW},
Title = {Physiological, psychological, and behavioral factors and
white coat hypertension.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {16},
Number = {2},
Pages = {140-146},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0194-911X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2379947},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure Determination • Exercise
Test • Female • Humans • Hypertension •
Male • Middle Aged • Stress, Psychological •
etiology* • physiopathology • physiopathology*
• psychology},
Abstract = {Patients with hypertension in the clinic but not during
daily activities ("white coat" hypertension) may be at lower
risk of hypertensive morbidity and mortality than patients
with hypertension in both settings ("persistent"
hypertension). We hypothesized that the white coat
phenomenon was due to greater blood pressure reactivity to
the stress of a clinic visit and that, as a consequence,
white coat hypertensive patients would display greater blood
pressure reactivity to exercise and mental stress, as well
as increased emotional reactivity and higher levels of
anger, anxiety, or depression. We studied 89 patients with
essential hypertension between 29 and 59 years old with
ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, treadmill exercise
testing with oxygen consumption measurement, mental stress
testing (including mental arithmetic, public speaking, and
video game tasks), and psychological testing (State-Trait
Anxiety Scale, Cook-Medley Hostility Scale, Center for
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, emotional reactivity
scale). We defined white coat hypertension as a mean
ambulatory systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg or less and
diastolic 85 mm Hg or less and persistent hypertension as a
mean ambulatory systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or more
or diastolic 90 mm Hg or more. Forty-nine patients were
classified as persistent hypertensives and 20 as white coat
hypertensives. No significant differences were seen in
demographic or clinical characteristics, fitness level,
blood pressure response to exercise or mental stress, or
psychological characteristics, except that white coat
hypertensive patients had lower systolic blood pressures in
the clinic and during exercise and greater variability of
clinic diastolic blood pressures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/01.hyp.16.2.140},
Key = {fds270766}
}
@article{fds270988,
Author = {Emery, CF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Perceived change among participants in an exercise program
for older adults.},
Journal = {Gerontologist},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {516-521},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0016-9013},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2394387},
Abstract = {Data regarding perceived change were collected as part of a
study of the effects of aerobic exercise training on
psychological, cognitive, and physiological functioning
among 101 healthy older adults. Subjects were assigned
randomly to an aerobic exercise group, a yoga control group,
or a waiting list group for 16 weeks, after which all
subjects participated in aerobic exercise for another 16
weeks. Exercise participants perceived positive changes in a
wide range of significant life areas, and perceived
improvement was more closely related to objective
improvement for physiological indicators than for indicators
of cognitive functioning or psychological
well-being.},
Doi = {10.1093/geront/30.4.516},
Key = {fds270988}
}
@article{fds270752,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O'Connor, C},
Title = {Stress and silent myocardial ischemia. A new research study
at Duke University Medical Center.},
Journal = {North Carolina Medical Journal},
Volume = {51},
Number = {4},
Pages = {135-138},
Year = {1990},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2185426},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Affect • Behavior
Therapy* • Coronary Disease • Exercise •
Humans • Prognosis • Randomized Controlled Trials
as Topic • Stress, Psychological • complications
• diagnosis • etiology* •
therapy*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270752}
}
@article{fds270989,
Author = {Robinson, M and Blumenthal, JA and Burker, EJ and Hlatky, M and Reves,
JG},
Title = {Coronary artery bypass grafting and cognitive function: A
review},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {10},
Number = {5},
Pages = {180-189},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-199005000-00004},
Abstract = {Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a well-established
and common surgical procedure for the treatment of coronary
artery disease (CAD). Although CABG is associated with
increased survival, especially in patients with left main or
3-vessel disease, the effects of CABG on measures of
cognitive performance are less well known. This review
examines the incidence and severity of cognitive impairment
after CABG and suggests that future research will need to
consider issues of cognitive functions, as well as morbidity
and mortality, in evaluating the efficacy of treatments for
CAD.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-199005000-00004},
Key = {fds270989}
}
@article{fds270990,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Fredrikson, M and Kuhn, CM and Ulmer, RL and Walsh-Riddle, M and Appelbaum, M},
Title = {Aerobic exercise reduces levels of cardiovascular and
sympathoadrenal responses to mental stress in subjects
without prior evidence of myocardial ischemia.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-98},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2294687},
Abstract = {Thirty-seven healthy type A men (mean age 42 years) were
randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training
group or to a strength and flexibility training group.
Before exercise, subjects underwent comprehensive
physiologic and behavioral assessments, including graded
exercise treadmill testing with direct measurement of oxygen
consumption (VO2) and measurement of cardiovascular (heart
rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and rate
pressure product) and neuroendocrine (epinephrine and
norepinephrine) responses to mental arithmetic. The aerobic
exercise consisted of walking and jogging at an intensity of
greater than or equal to 70% maximal heart rate reserve for
1 hour 3 times/week for 12 consecutive weeks. The strength
training consisted of 1 hour of circuit Nautilus training 2
times/week for 12 weeks. At the completion of the exercise
program, all subjects underwent repeat testing. For the
aerobic group, peak VO2 increased significantly from 33.6 to
38.4 ml/kg/min (p less than 0.001), whereas the strength
group only achieved a slight increase from 34.5 to 35.6
ml/kg/min (difference not significant). During the mental
arithmetic, the aerobic group experienced a greater
reduction in levels of heart rate, diastolic blood pressure
and rate pressure product than the strength group (after
completing the exercise training programs). The aerobic
group also tended to secrete less epinephrine and to show a
faster recovery than the strength group after the exercise
program. In addition, the aerobic group tended to exhibit
less cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress after
exercise training. These data suggest that aerobic exercise
reduces levels of cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal
responses during and after mental stress.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(90)90032-v},
Key = {fds270990}
}
@article{fds39961,
Author = {Sherwood, A. and Turner, J.R. and Light, K.C. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Temporal stability of the hemodynamics of cardiovascular
reactivity},
Journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {10},
Pages = {95-98},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds39961}
}
@article{fds270983,
Author = {Stanley, TE and Smith, LR and White, WD and Morrison, L and Blumenthal,
JA and Burker, EJ and Schniebolk, S and Newman, MF and Croughwell, ND and Reves, JG},
Title = {Effect of cerebral perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary
bypass on neuropsychiatric outcome following coronary artery
bypass grafting},
Journal = {Anesthesiology},
Volume = {73},
Pages = {A93},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds270983}
}
@article{fds270984,
Author = {Barefoot, JC and Haney, TL and Simpson, SW and Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RB},
Title = {Depression and the assessment of Type A behavior in a
clinical population},
Journal = {Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {483-485},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {1990},
ISSN = {1040-3590},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.2.4.483},
Abstract = {The Structured Interview (SI) method of assessing Type A
behavior (TABP) relies on the subject's voice stylistics,
whereas the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) relies on response
content. It was hypothesized that depression would affect SI
assessments by masking voice stylistics but would have no
impact on JAS assessments. The SI, JAS, and the Zung
Depression Scale were administered to 2,066 coronary
patients. As predicted, there was a negative relationship
between depression and SI-assessed TABP and a modest
positive relationship between depression and JAS-assessed
TABP. Analysis of Type A components revealed that loudness,
explosive speech, and intensity of hostility differed
between depressed and nondepressed patients. Affective
states that influence expressivity appear to produce
misclassifications using SI assessments, especially in
clinical samples.},
Doi = {10.1037/1040-3590.2.4.483},
Key = {fds270984}
}
@article{fds270985,
Author = {Siegel, WC and Blumenthal, JA and Divine, GW},
Title = {Physiologic, psychologic, and behavioral
factors},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {16},
Pages = {140-146},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds270985}
}
@article{fds270987,
Author = {Fredrikson, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Serum lipid levels and ambulatory blood pressure},
Journal = {Journal of Ambulatory Monitoring},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {113-118},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds270987}
}
@article{fds270740,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Bradley, W and Dimsdale, JE and Kasl, SV and Powell,
LH and Taylor, CB},
Title = {Task Force III: Assessment of psychological status in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1034-1042},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2794264},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Attitude to Health •
Behavior Therapy • Coronary Disease • Employment
• Humans • Insurance, Health • Patient
Acceptance of Health Care • Physician-Patient Relations
• Sick Role • United States • economics
• psychology*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/0735-1097(89)90486-5},
Key = {fds270740}
}
@article{fds270992,
Author = {Walsh-Riddle, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Cardiovascular responses during upright and semi-recumbent
cycle ergometry testing.},
Journal = {Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {581-585},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2691819},
Abstract = {To compare cardiovascular (CV) responses during cycle
ergometry testing, 20 unmedicated mild hypertensive subjects
(10 male, 10 female; mean age = 47.9 yr) underwent exercise
testing on an upright (UP) cycle and a semi-recumbent (SR)
cycle. Tests were administered in counterbalanced order on
two separate days. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP),
ventilation (VE), and rate pressure product (RPP) were
recorded at absolute workloads (1.0 and 1.5 l.min-1) as well
as at relative workloads (50, 75, and 90% of VO2 peak). In
addition, the CV variables were measured at rest and peak
exercise for each position. At absolute submaximal levels,
women had higher HR, VE, and RPP values in both positions,
reflecting responses at a greater percentage of their
maximum exercise capacity. At relative workloads, HRs were
significantly lower at rest and at 75 and 90% VO2 peak in
the SR position. Men had greater systolic blood pressure
(SBP) and RPP in both positions, and RPP was significantly
lower at rest and at 75 and 90% VO2 peak in the SR position.
Women displayed lower VE at all relative workloads. At peak
exercise, subjects achieved significantly higher peak heart
rates on the upright cycle (UP = 163 bpm, SR = 157 bpm). The
UP cycle was associated with higher levels of peak VO2. The
ability to achieve a higher HR and greater VO2 at peak
exercise suggests that the UP cycle ergometer may be a
preferable mode to the SR ergometer for evaluating maximal
exercise performance among patients with mild
hypertension.},
Key = {fds270992}
}
@article{fds270993,
Author = {Barefoot, JC and Peterson, BL and Harrell, FE and Hlatky, MA and Pryor,
DB and Haney, TL and Blumenthal, JA and Siegler, IC and Williams,
RB},
Title = {Type A behavior and survival: a follow-up study of 1,467
patients with coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {64},
Number = {8},
Pages = {427-432},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2773785},
Abstract = {Patients with documented coronary artery disease, admitted
to Duke Medical Center between 1974 and 1980, were assessed
for type A behavior pattern and were followed until 1984.
The relation of type A behavior to survival was tested using
data from coronary angiography to control for disease
severity. Cox model regression analyses demonstrated an
interaction (p less than 0.01) between type A behavior and
an index of disease severity in the prediction of
cardiovascular death. Among those with relatively poor left
ventricular function, type A patients had better survival
than type B. This difference was not present among patients
with better prognoses. Type A behavior did not predict the
subsequent incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarctions.
Differential risk modification and differential selection
into postinfarction status are possible explanations for the
findings. These results need not conflict with the
proposition that type A behavior plays a role in the
pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(89)90416-5},
Key = {fds270993}
}
@article{fds270994,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Madden, DJ and George, LK and Coleman,
RE and Riddle, MW and McKee, DC and Reasoner, J and Williams,
RS},
Title = {Cardiovascular and behavioral effects of aerobic exercise
training in healthy older men and women.},
Journal = {Journal of Gerontology},
Volume = {44},
Number = {5},
Pages = {M147-M157},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2768768},
Keywords = {Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Attitude •
Emotions* • Exercise* • Female •
Hemodynamics* • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Physical Fitness* • Psychological Tests •
Psychomotor Performance • Quality of Life • Random
Allocation • Respiration* • Yoga},
Abstract = {The cardiovascular and behavioral adaptations associated
with a 4-month program of aerobic exercise training were
examined in 101 older men and women (mean age = 67 years).
Subjects were randomly assigned to an Aerobic Exercise
group, a Yoga and Flexibility control group, or a Waiting
List control group. Prior to and following the 4-month
program, subjects underwent comprehensive physiological and
psychological evaluations. Physiological measures included
measurement of blood pressure, lipids, bone density, and
cardiorespiratory fitness including direct measurements of
peak oxygen consumption (VO2) and anaerobic threshold.
Psychological measures included measures of mood,
psychiatric symptoms, and neuropsychological functioning.
This study demonstrated that 4 months of aerobic exercise
training produced an overall 11.6% improvement in peak VO2
and a 13% increase in anaerobic threshold. In contrast, the
Yoga and Waiting List control groups experienced no change
in cardiorespiratory fitness. Other favorable physiological
changes observed among aerobic exercise participants
included lower cholesterol levels, diastolic blood pressure
levels, and for subjects at risk for bone fracture, a trend
toward an increase in bone mineral content. Although few
significant psychological changes could be attributed to
aerobic exercise training, participants in the two active
treatment groups perceived themselves as improving on a
number of psychological and behavioral dimensions.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1093/geronj/44.5.m147},
Key = {fds270994}
}
@article{fds270996,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA and Allen, PA and Emery,
CF},
Title = {Improving aerobic capacity in healthy older adults does not
necessarily lead to improved cognitive performance.},
Journal = {Psychology and Aging},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {307-320},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2803624},
Abstract = {The effects of aerobic exercise training in a sample of 85
older adults were investigated. Ss were assigned randomly to
either an aerobic exercise group, a nonaerobic exercise
(yoga) group, or a waiting-list control group. Following 16
weeks of the group-specific protocol, all of the older Ss
received 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training. The older
adults demonstrated a significant increase in aerobic
capacity (cardiorespiratory fitness). Performance on
reaction-time tests of attention and memory retrieval was
slower for the older adults than for a comparison group of
24 young adults, and there was no improvement in the older
adults' performance on these tests as a function of aerobic
exercise training. Results suggest that exercise-related
changes in older adults' cognitive performance are due
either to extended periods of training or to cohort
differences between physically active and sedentary
individuals.},
Doi = {10.1037//0882-7974.4.3.307},
Key = {fds270996}
}
@article{fds270997,
Author = {Emery, CF and Pinder, SL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Psychological effects of exercise among elderly cardiac
patients},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {9},
Number = {1},
Pages = {46-53},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1989},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198901000-00008},
Abstract = {Aerobic exercise has been associated with improvements not
only in physiologic functioning, but also in psychologic
functioning. This review examines the effects of exercise on
several important aspects of psychologic functioning. Many
studies of healthy subjects indicate that exercise is
associated with benefits in various aspects of psychologic
functioning, including enhanced mood and cognitive
functioning, reduced psychophysiologic reactivity to stress,
and behavioral adjustments. However, the results have been
inconsistent, and past studies have been plagued by
methodologic problems. Furthermore, few exercise studies
have been conducted with older cardiac patients. Thus, the
relationship between psychologic functioning and exercise in
older cardiac patients is an important area for further
investigation.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-198901000-00008},
Key = {fds270997}
}
@article{fds39952,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Emery, C.F. and Madden, D.J. and George, L.K. and Coleman, R.E. and Riddle, M.W. and McKee, D.C. and Reasoner, J. and Williams, R.S.},
Title = {Cardiovascular and behavioral effects of aerobic exercise
training in healthy older men and women},
Journal = {Journal of Gerontology},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {M147-M157},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds39952}
}
@article{fds270991,
Author = {Fredrikson, M and Blumenthal, JA and Evans, DD and Sherwood, A and Light, KC},
Title = {Cardiovascular responses in the laboratory and in the
natural environment: is blood pressure reactivity to
laboratory-induced mental stress related to ambulatory blood
pressure during everyday life?},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {33},
Number = {6},
Pages = {753-762},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2621677},
Abstract = {Cardiovascular activity recorded at rest and during mental
stress in the laboratory was studied in relation to
ambulatory recorded cardiovascular activity at work and at
home. Fifty-five Type A men (M = 42.4 years) underwent a
standardized laboratory mental stress protocol in which
systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart
rate were recorded at baseline and during a 15 min mental
arithmetic task (MAT). On a subsequent day, ambulatory blood
pressure and heart rate were recorded at 20 minute intervals
for 12-14 hr during normal activities at home and at work.
Subjects completed a behavioral diary concurrently with each
cuff inflation. High and Low groups were identified based
upon a median split of their cardiovascular response levels
at baseline and during the MAT. Subjects with high systolic
blood pressure levels during the MAT had high systolic blood
pressure at home, at work, during physical activity, and
when they reported being 'stressed'. Baseline systolic blood
pressure in the laboratory was less consistently related to
ambulatory systolic pressure across ambulatory conditions.
Diastolic blood pressure at baseline was related to
ambulatory diastolic blood pressure at work, at home, and
when resting. Diastolic blood pressure during the MAT was
associated with higher diastolic pressure at work and at
home. Heart rate at baseline and during the MAT was related
to heart rate at work and during physical activity. Change
scores derived by subtracting mean values during the MAT
from baseline resting levels were not associated with
ambulatory blood pressures or heart rates under any daily
conditions. In the best case, systolic blood pressure
measured during the MAT was related to systolic blood
pressure during physical activity, to systolic blood
pressure and heart rate during mental stress, to systolic
and diastolic blood pressure at rest, and to systolic blood
pressure and heart rate at work but not at home. We conclude
that levels of blood pressure and heart rate measured in the
laboratory, but not reactivity (i.e, change scores) during
the MAT, are related to blood pressure and heart rate levels
recorded in the natural environment, especially in the work
setting.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(89)90091-3},
Key = {fds270991}
}
@article{fds270995,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Bradley, W and Dimsdale, JE and Kasl, SV and Powell,
LH},
Title = {Task Force III: Assessment of psychological status in
patients with ischemic heart disease},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {14},
Pages = {1016-1042},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds270995}
}
@article{fds270998,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Slowing of memory-search performance in men with mild
hypertension.},
Journal = {Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-142},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2737172},
Abstract = {Previous reports have associated hypertension with a slowing
of cognitive performance, although the component processes
involved have not been identified. Our report compares the
performance of 24 men with mild hypertension and 28
age-matched normotensive men on a test of short-term memory
search in which the duration of component processes could be
estimated. The results indicated that the rate of search
through short-term memory was slower for the hypertensive
than for the normotensives, whereas the duration of encoding
and response processes was equivalent for the two groups.
This hypertension-related slowing of memory comparison was
independent of participants' error rates and education
levels.},
Doi = {10.1037//0278-6133.8.2.131},
Key = {fds270998}
}
@article{fds271000,
Author = {Sherwood, A and Light, KC and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise training on hemodynamic
responses during psychosocial stress in normotensive and
borderline hypertensive type A men: a preliminary
report.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {123-136},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2710907},
Abstract = {This study assessed the effects of aerobic exercise training
on cardiovascular responses to a 5-min reaction time
competition task. Twenty-seven Type A men (aged 30-56)
participated in this randomized study in which 14 underwent
supervised aerobic training and 13 strength training, with
sessions scheduled three times per week for 12 consecutive
weeks. Aerobic exercise training was associated with a 13.6%
increase in VO2max compared to 2.9% for the strength group.
The effects of aerobic exercise training were most evident
in subjects whose initial casual blood pressure readings
fell in the borderline hypertensive range (N = 5). These
individuals exhibited a general reduction in diastolic blood
pressure (i.e., during rest, competition, and recovery)
which was associated with a fall in both heart rate and
total peripheral vascular resistance. Furthermore, diastolic
pressure reactivity to the competition task was attenuated
in borderline hypertensive subjects who underwent aerobic
conditioning. These data are interpreted as preliminary
findings suggesting that borderline hypertensives may be
particularly responsive to the cardiovascular benefits of
aerobic conditioning. For patients who have progressed to
this stage of hypertensive disease, aerobic exercise may be
of ameliorative value.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198903000-00002},
Key = {fds271000}
}
@article{fds271003,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Madden, DJ},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise training, age, and physical
fitness on memory-search performance.},
Journal = {Psychology and Aging},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {280-285},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3268270},
Abstract = {We investigated the effects of exercise training on memory
performance. One group of 13 men (M = 42.92 years of age)
participated in supervised aerobic exercise (jogging) three
times a week for 12 weeks. A second group of 15 men (M =
43.67 years of age) performed anaerobic exercise (strength
training) for the same period of time. Subjects' reaction
time (RT) performance in a memory-search task was assessed
both before (Time 1) and after (Time 2) the 12 weeks of
exercise training. Results indicated that there was no
significant change in memory-search performance over time as
a function of exercise training. Analyses of the Time 2 RTs
demonstrated that aspects of memory-search performance were
related significantly both to subjects' initial (Time 1)
level of fitness and to age, but not to the amount of change
in fitness associated with aerobic exercise training over
this 12-week duration in this age group.},
Doi = {10.1037//0882-7974.3.3.280},
Key = {fds271003}
}
@article{fds271004,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF},
Title = {Rehabilitation of patients following myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {374-381},
Year = {1988},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3294263},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.56.3.374},
Key = {fds271004}
}
@article{fds289617,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA and Ekelund, LG},
Title = {Effects of beta-blockade and exercise on cardiovascular and
cognitive functioning.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {11},
Number = {5},
Pages = {470-476},
Year = {1988},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0194-911X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2896635},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists • Adult • Atenolol
• Blood Pressure • Diastole • Heart Rate
• Hemodynamics* • Humans • Hypertension
• Male • Memory* • Middle Aged • Oxygen
Consumption • Physical Exertion* • Propranolol
• Systole • drug effects • pharmacology
• pharmacology* • physiopathology* •
psychology},
Abstract = {Twenty-four men with mild essential hypertension were
assigned randomly to receive propranolol (n = 9), atenolol
(n = 7), or a placebo (n = 8). All subjects participated in
a 12-week study and provided physiological and behavioral
data four times during the study: after a medication-free
baseline period (Session 1); after 2 weeks of medication,
without exercise (Session 2); after 8 weeks of continued
medication while participating in a program of aerobic
exercise (Session 3); and after 2 weeks of maintenance
exercise without medication (Session 4). Subjects' maximal
oxygen uptake increased significantly between Sessions 2 and
3, and the magnitude of this increase did not vary across
the drug groups. Subjects' resting heart rates varied as a
function of the presence of beta-blocking medication, but
there was in addition a reduction attributable to exercise
training that did not vary across the drug groups. The
decrease in blood pressure associated with beta-blockade
(Session 2) was not decreased any further by exercise
training (Session 3). Despite an increase in blood pressure
following the withdrawal of active medication (Session 4),
blood pressure remained significantly lower compared with
the Session 1 baseline level. Performance in a reaction-time
test of short-term memory functioning improved slightly for
all three groups between Sessions 1 and 2 and remained
constant thereafter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/01.hyp.11.5.470},
Key = {fds289617}
}
@article{fds271008,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Madden, DJ and Krantz, DS and Light, KC and McKee,
DC and Ekelund, LG and Simon, J},
Title = {Short-term behavioral effects of beta-adrenergic medications
in men with mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics},
Volume = {43},
Number = {4},
Pages = {429-435},
Year = {1988},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0009-9236},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3356086},
Abstract = {beta-Adrenergic-inhibiting drugs are widely prescribed for
the treatment of hypertension. These drugs have previously
been found to influence a variety of psychologic and
behavioral functions and have, in some cases, been
associated with serious psychiatric side effects. The
present study examined psychologic changes associated with
beta-blockade therapy. Twenty-six men with mild hypertension
(diastolic blood pressure 90 to 110 mm Hg) were randomly
assigned to receive either a selective beta 1-antagonist
(atenolol), a nonselective beta 1- and beta 2-antagonist
(propranolol), or a placebo. Both before and after a 2-week
period of drug administration, subjects completed a
comprehensive assessment of quality of life including
measures of mood, memory performance, and side effects. In
general, beta-blocker therapy was associated with relatively
few adverse symptoms, particularly when compared with
control subjects taking placebo. Reductions in negative
emotional states (tension and anger) were observed for
subjects receiving atenolol, and the largest improvements in
memory performance were observed for subjects receiving
propranolol. These results suggest that beta-blocker therapy
is not invariably associated with negative side effects and
that some behavioral functions may actually be
improved.},
Doi = {10.1038/clpt.1988.54},
Key = {fds271008}
}
@article{fds270632,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Rejeski, WJ},
Title = {The effects of exercise training on psychosocial functioning
after myocardial infarction},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {8},
Number = {5},
Pages = {183-193},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198805000-00003},
Abstract = {This study was designed to assess the effects of exercise on
psychosocial functioning in a consecutive series of post
myocardial infarction (MI) patients referred for cardiac
rehabilitation. Seventy patients with a recent (less than 1
year) MI were randomly assigned to either a program of
moderate-high (65-75% V̇O2 max) or low (< 45% V̇O2 max)
intensity exercise training for 12 weeks. In addition to
exercise treadmill testing, subjects completed an extensive
psychometric test battery including measures of anxiety,
depression, stress, and Type A behavior. Although both
groups increased their level of cardiorespiratory fitness by
15%, no differences were found in any measures of
psychosocial functioning. However, those patients who were
initially depressed improved at the completion of the
program. The clinical significance of these findings are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-198805000-00003},
Key = {fds270632}
}
@article{fds271001,
Author = {Fredrikson, M and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Lipids, catecholamines, and cardiovascular responses to
stress in patients recovering from myocardial
infarction},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation},
Volume = {8},
Number = {12},
Pages = {513-517},
Publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198812200-00003},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship of serum lipids to
cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to a behavioral
stressor, the mental arithmetic test (MAT). Forty-two men
with a recent (<1 year) myocardial infarction (MI) underwent
assessment of blood lipids and cardiovascular and
catecholamine responses to the MAT. Subjects with a high
ratio of total cholesterol (TC) to high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDLC) displayed greater levels of epinephrine
and norepinephrine to the MAT compared with patients with a
low TC/HDLC ratio. Classification of subjects based on their
level of neuroendocrine responses to the MAT yielded similar
results. These data suggest that catecholamine responses to
stress are associated with high levels of serum cholesterol.
The results are discussed in terms of how catecholamine
reactivity and elevated blood lipids may increase the risk
for developing coronary heart disease (CHD).},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-198812200-00003},
Key = {fds271001}
}
@article{fds271009,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Rejeski, WJ and Walsh-Riddle, M and Emery, CF and Miller, H and Roark, S and Ribisl, PM and Morris, PB and Brubaker, P and Williams, RS},
Title = {Comparison of high- and low-intensity exercise training
early after acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {26-30},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3337013},
Abstract = {The effects of the intensity of exercise training on
cardiorespiratory variables were investigated in a
consecutive series of men with recent (median 8 weeks) acute
myocardial infarction. Forty-five patients were randomly
assigned either to a high- (65 to 75% maximum oxygen
consumption rate [VO2max]) or to a low-intensity (less than
45% VO2max) exercise group. Patients engaged in medically
supervised aerobic training 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks.
With training, mean VO2max significantly increased by 11%
(2.09 to 2.31 liters/min) within the high group and by 14%
(1.93 to 2.21 liters/min) within the low group. Differences
between groups were not statistically significant. Both
groups also had comparable changes in heart rate, blood
pressure and double-product at submaximal and maximal
workloads. Analysis of blood lipids revealed that both
groups experienced a significant increase in high density
lipoprotein cholesterol. There were no significant changes
in total serum cholesterol or triglycerides. These findings
suggest that within an unselected population of patients
after acute myocardial infarction referred for cardiac
rehabilitation, low- and high-intensity exercise training
produces relatively similar changes in cardiorespiratory
variables during the initial 3 months of exercise
training.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(88)91298-2},
Key = {fds271009}
}
@article{fds271002,
Author = {Emery, CF and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on psychological functioning in
healthy Type A men},
Journal = {Psychology and Health},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-379},
Publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
Year = {1988},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870448808400360},
Abstract = {This study was designed to assess the effects of exercise on
psychological functioning in healthy Type A men.
Seventy-three middle-aged men (M = 42.2 years) were randomly
assigned either to an aerobic exercise (AE) training group
or to a strength and flexibility (SF) training group.
Subjects completed a comprehensive psychological assessment
battery prior to beginning the 12-week exercise programs,
and after completing the programs. The psychological test
battery included measures of depression, anxiety and stress,
as well as various psychiatric symptoms. In addition,
subjects underwent graded exercise treadmill tests (ETT) at
both times of measurement in order to document changes in
cardiorespiratory fitness. Aerobic exercise training
consisted of walking, jogging or stair-climbing at an
intensity of at least 70% of initial measured maximal oxygen
consumption (VO max determined during the treadmill test).
Strength and flexibility training consisted of circuit
Nautilus training with no aerobic exercise. Results at the
conclusion of the 12-week programs indicated that VO max for
the AE group increased by 15%, while the SF group did not
change. Both groups improved on measures of psychological
well-being; however, there were no differential effects of
the two exercise programs on measures of psychological
functioning. These results suggest that improved
cardiovascular fitness is not necessary for psychological
improvement among exercise participants. © 1988, Taylor &
Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. 2
2},
Doi = {10.1080/08870448808400360},
Key = {fds271002}
}
@article{fds271005,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Emery, CF and Walsh, MA and Cox, DR and Kuhn, CM and Williams, RB and Williams, RS},
Title = {Exercise training in healthy type A middle-aged men: effects
on behavioral and cardiovascular responses.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-433},
Year = {1988},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3413273},
Abstract = {Thirty-six healthy Type A men (means = 44.4 years) were
randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training
group or a strength and flexibility training group. Subjects
completed a comprehensive psychological assessment battery
before and after the exercise programs consisting of
behavioral, psychometric, and psychophysiological testing.
The behavioral assessment consisted of repeated Type A
interviews that were videotaped for subsequent component
analyses. The psychometric testing included two self-report
questionnaires to assess Type A behavior. The
psychophysiological test consisted of a standard behavioral
challenge, a mental arithmetic task, performed while
cardiovascular responses were monitored. Aerobic exercise
(AE) training consisted of 12 weeks of continuous walking or
jogging at an intensity of at least 70% of subjects' initial
maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) as determined by an
initial treadmill test. Strength and flexibility (SF)
training consisted of 12 weeks of circuit Nautilus training
with no aerobic exercise. After 12 weeks of exercise, the AE
group increased their VO2max by 15%, while the SF group did
not change. Both groups experienced decreases in overt
behavioral manifestations of the Type A behavior pattern and
self-reported Type A traits. However, the AE group showed an
attenuation of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood
pressure, and estimated myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)
during the task and had lower blood pressure, heart rate,
and (MVO2) during recovery. In contrast, the SF group showed
a significant reduction only in DBP during the task, which
was likely due to habituation. These results support the use
of aerobic exercise as a method for reducing cardiovascular
risk among healthy Type A men.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198807000-00009},
Key = {fds271005}
}
@article{fds271006,
Author = {Williams, RB and Barefoot, JC and Haney, TL and Harrell, FE and Blumenthal, JA and Pryor, DB and Peterson, B},
Title = {Type A behavior and angiographically documented coronary
atherosclerosis in a sample of 2,289 patients.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-152},
Year = {1988},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3375404},
Abstract = {To determine the relationship between Type A behavior
pattern and angiographically documented coronary
atherosclerosis (CAD), we analyzed risk factor, behavioral,
and angiographic data collected on 2,289 patients undergoing
diagnostic coronary angiography at Duke University Medical
Center between 1974 and 1980. Multivariable analyses using
ordinal logistic regression techniques showed that Type A
behavior as assessed by the structured interview (SI) is
significantly associated with CAD severity after age, sex,
hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, and their various
significant interactions were controlled for. This
relationship, however, is dependent upon age. Among patients
aged 45 or younger, Type A's had more severe CAD than did
Type B's; among patients aged 46-54, CAD severity was
similar between Type A's and B's; and among patients 55 and
older, there was a trend toward more severe CAD among Type
B's than among Type A's. These Type A-CAD relationships did
not appear to be the result of various factors relating to
the selection of patients for angiography. Type A behavior
as assessed by the Jenkins Activity Survey was unrelated to
CAD severity. These findings suggest that SI-determined Type
A behavior is associated with more severe CAD among younger
patients referred for diagnostic coronary angiography. The
reversal of the Type A-CAD relationship among older patients
may be due to survival effects. Inadequate sample sizes, use
of assessment tools other than the SI, and failure to
consider the Type A by age interaction could account for
failures to find a Type A-CAD relationship in other studies.
We conclude that the present findings are consistent with
the hypothesis that Type A behavior is involved in the
pathogenesis of CAD, but only in younger age groups. The
Type A effect in the present data is small relative to that
of both smoking and hyperlipidemia, however, and future
research should focus more specifically on the hostility and
anger components of Type A behavior, particularly in younger
samples.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198803000-00004},
Key = {fds271006}
}
@article{fds271007,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA and Ekelund, LG},
Title = {Effects of beta blockade and exercise on cardiovascular and
cognitive functioning},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {11},
Pages = {466-470},
Year = {1988},
Key = {fds271007}
}
@article{fds271010,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Barefoot, J and Burg, MM and Williams,
RB},
Title = {Psychological correlates of hostility among patients
undergoing coronary angiography.},
Journal = {The British Journal of Medical Psychology},
Volume = {60 ( Pt 4)},
Pages = {349-355},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0007-1129},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3426973},
Abstract = {The Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) scale (Cook & Medley, 1954)
has been associated with increased risk for coronary heart
disease (CHD). There is relatively little information about
the psychosocial correlates of the Ho scale in clinical or
adult populations, however. In this study, 132 patients
(mean age = 53 years) referred for diagnostic coronary
angiography completed a battery of self-report
questionnaires including the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI), Hopkins Symptom Check List
(SCL-90), State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI), Type A
Self-Rating Inventory (TASRI), and Perceived Social Support
Scale (PSSS). Examination of the pattern of correlations
among the Ho scale and the psychometric instruments revealed
that the Ho scale may be viewed as tapping four general
behavioural dimensions including anger and hostility,
neuroticism, social maladjustment and ineffective coping
style. These findings serve to further understanding about
the psychological dimensions of hostility as measured by the
Cook-Medley Ho scale.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8341.1987.tb02754.x},
Key = {fds271010}
}
@article{fds271013,
Author = {Gentry, WD and Aronson, MK and Blumenthal, J and Costa, PT and DiGiacomo, JN},
Title = {Cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Behavioral, cognitive
and emotional considerations.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2 Suppl A},
Pages = {38A-41A},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80446-1},
Doi = {10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80446-1},
Key = {fds271013}
}
@article{fds271014,
Author = {Herd, JA and Wood, AJ and Blumenthal, J and Dougherty, JE and Harris,
R},
Title = {Medical therapy in the elderly.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2 Suppl A},
Pages = {29A-34A},
Year = {1987},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80444-8},
Abstract = {Recommendations concerning nutrition and physical activity
are an important part of health care in the elderly. There
is increasing evidence that diet and exercise influence the
development and progression of cardiovascular disease in the
elderly as well as the young. Decreases in coronary risk
factors can be achieved in the elderly by attention to
proper diet and exercise.},
Doi = {10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80444-8},
Key = {fds271014}
}
@article{fds270762,
Author = {Costa, PT and Krantz, DS and Blumenthal, JA and Furberg, CD and Rosenman, RH and Shekelle, RB},
Title = {Psychological risk factors in coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1 Pt 2},
Pages = {I145-I149},
Year = {1987},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3297398},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Coronary Disease • Humans •
Neurotic Disorders • Prospective Studies • Risk
• Sex Factors • Type A Personality* •
complications • psychology*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270762}
}
@article{fds270767,
Author = {Chesney, MA and Agras, WS and Benson, H and Blumenthal, JA and Engel,
BT and Foreyt, JP and Kaufmann, PG and Levenson, RM and Pickering, TG and Randall, WC},
Title = {Nonpharmacologic approaches to the treatment of
hypertension.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1 Pt 2},
Pages = {I104-I109},
Year = {1987},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3297392},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • Biofeedback, Psychology • Blood
Pressure • Diet, Reducing • Exercise Therapy
• Humans • Hypertension • Relaxation Therapy
• diet therapy • therapy*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270767}
}
@article{fds270746,
Author = {Bergold, PJ and Blumenthal, JA and D'Andrea, E and Snyder, HW and Lederman, L and Silverstone, A and Nguyen, H and Besmer,
P},
Title = {Nucleic acid sequence and oncogenic properties of the HZ2
feline sarcoma virus v-abl insert.},
Journal = {Journal of Virology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1193-1202},
Year = {1987},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-538X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3029415},
Keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence • Animals • Base Sequence
• Cell Line • Cloning, Molecular • DNA •
DNA Restriction Enzymes • Gene Products, gag •
Genes • Genes, Viral* • Mink • Oncogenes*
• Retroviridae • Retroviridae Proteins •
Sarcoma Viruses, Feline • Viral Proteins •
genetics • genetics* • metabolism},
Abstract = {Hardy-Zuckerman 2 feline sarcoma virus (HZ2-FeSV), isolated
from a multicentric feline fibrosarcoma is a
replication-defective acute transforming feline retrovirus
which originated by transduction of feline c-abl sequences
with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and is known to encode a
110-kilodalton gag-abl fusion protein with tyrosine-specific
protein kinase activity (P. Besmer, W. D. Hardy, E. E.
Zuckerman, P. J. Bergold, L. Lederman, and H. W. Snyder,
Nature (London) 303:825-828, 1983). The nucleotide sequence
of the abl segment in the HZ2-FeSV genome was determined and
compared with the murine and human v-abl and c-abl
sequences. The predicted transforming protein consists of
344 amino acids (aa) of FeLV gag origin, 439 aa of abl
origin, and at least 200 aa of FeLV pol origin
(p110gag-abl-pol). The 1,317-base-pair HZ2-FeSV v-abl
segment (fv-abl) corresponds to 5' abl sequences which
include the region known to specify the protein kinase
domain. The 5' 189 base pairs of fv-abl correspond to 5'
c-abl sequences not contained in Abelson murine leukemia
virus (MuLV) v-abl. The mouse c-abl exon which contains
these segments was identified, and its nucleotide sequence
was determined. Comparison of the predicted amino acid
sequence of fv-abl with those of Abelson MuLV v-abl and
c-abl revealed five aa differences. The 5' junction between
FeLV and abl was found to involve a preferred region in FeLV
gag p30 (P. Besmer, J. E. Murphy, P. C. George, F. H. Qiu,
P. J. Bergold, L. Lederman, H. W. Snyder, D. Brodeur, E. E.
Zuckerman, and W. D. Hardy, Nature (London) 320:415-421,
1986). A six-base homology exists at the recombination site
between the parental FeLV and the c-abl sequences. The 3'
junction between fv-abl and FeLV pol predicts an in-frame
fusion of fv-abl and FeLV pol. A transformed cell line
containing a truncated gag-abl-pol protein, p85, that lacks
most of the FeLV pol sequences was obtained by transfection
of NIH 3T3 mouse cells. This result implies that the pol
sequences of the p110gag-abl-pol protein are dispensable for
fibroblast transformation. To assess whether the fv-abl
segment specifies the unique biological properties of
HZ2-FeSV, we constructed a Moloney MuLV-based version of
HZ2-FeSV, Mo-MuLV(fv-abl), in which the fv-abl sequences
were contained in a genetic context similar to that in
HZ2-FeSV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1128/JVI.61.4.1193-1202.1987},
Key = {fds270746}
}
@article{fds271015,
Author = {Costa, PT and Krantz, DS and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Task force 2: Psychological risk factors in coronary artery
disease},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1 II SUPPL.},
Pages = {I145-I149},
Year = {1987},
Month = {January},
Key = {fds271015}
}
@article{fds270630,
Author = {Hooker, K and Blumenthal, JA and Siegler, I},
Title = {Relationships between motivation and hostility among type A
and type B middle-aged men},
Journal = {Journal of Research in Personality},
Volume = {21},
Number = {2},
Pages = {103-113},
Year = {1987},
ISSN = {0092-6566},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(87)90001-8},
Abstract = {Relationships between aspects of personality and the Type A
behavior pattern (TABP) were examined in a sample of 60
middle-aged men. TABP classification was determined by the
Structured Interview (SI) and the Jenkins Activity Survey
(JAS), while aspects of personality functioning were
measured by the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and the
Jackson Personality Research Form (PRF). It was hypothesized
that Type A men would score higher than Type B men on the
motivational drives of need for achievement and need for
power, and that there would be proportionately more Type As
than Bs displaying the Inhibited Power Motive Syndrome
(IPMS). The Aggression and Defendence scales of the PRF were
combined to form a measure of hostility (PRF-hostility) and
relationships between need for power, hostility, and TABP
were examined. Results showed that these motivational
variables were not directly related to TABP. However, there
was a strong interaction such that Type As high in need for
power tended to score highly on PRF-hostility and Type Bs
high in need for power tended to rate themselves as low on
PRF-hostility. This suggests that need for power may play a
role in the expression of hostility, and that this differs
for Type A and Type B middle-aged men. ©
1987.},
Doi = {10.1016/0092-6566(87)90001-8},
Key = {fds270630}
}
@article{fds270773,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Levenson, RM},
Title = {Behavioral approaches to secondary prevention of coronary
heart disease},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1 II SUPPL.},
Pages = {I-130-I-137},
Year = {1987},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3297396},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy* • Body Weight • Clinical Trials
as Topic • Coronary Disease • Counseling •
Diet • Exercise Therapy • Humans • Risk
• Smoking • Stress, Psychological • Type A
Personality* • prevention & control • prevention &
control* • psychology},
Abstract = {Over the past 10 years behavioral approaches to the
treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) have become widely
recognized as being a significant complement to traditional
medical and surgical therapies. The success of approaches to
secondary prevention now relate to quality, as well as
quantity, of life. A multifaceted program, including dietary
management, smoking cessation, physical exercise,
modification of type A behavior, and psychological
counseling are components of many cardiac rehabilitation
programs. Behavioral interventions are effective in reducing
traditional risk factors for CHD events, and for improving
the quality of life among victims of a disease with
significant psychological, as well as physical,
consequences. However, the effectiveness of behavioral
interventions for prolonging life is less certain and
requires more careful evaluation. The mechanisms by which
behavioral treatments may influence clinical CHD end points
is also in need of further investigation.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds270773}
}
@article{fds271011,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Burg, MM and Barefoot, J and Williams, RB and Haney,
T and Zimet, G},
Title = {Social support, type A behavior, and coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {331-340},
Year = {1987},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3615762},
Abstract = {The interaction of Type A behavior and social support in
relation to the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD)
severity was investigated. One hundred thirteen patients
undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography received the Type
A structured interview (SI) and completed a battery of
psychometric tests, including the Perceived Social Support
Scale (PSSS). Statistical analyses revealed a Type by social
support interaction, such that the probability of
significant CAD was inversely related to the level of social
support for Type As but not Type Bs. Type As with low levels
of social support had more severe CAD than Type As with high
levels of social support. On the other hand, this
relationship was not present for Type Bs. These results are
consistent with the hypothesis that social support moderates
the long-term health consequences of the Type A behavior
pattern.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198707000-00002},
Key = {fds271011}
}
@article{fds271012,
Author = {BLUMENTHAL, JA and LEVENSON, RM},
Title = {BEHAVIORAL-APPROACHES TO SECONDARY PREVENTION OF CORONARY
HEART-DISEASE},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {76},
Number = {1},
Pages = {130-137},
Year = {1987},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1987J078300022&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {Over the past 10 years behavioral approaches to the
treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) have become widely
recognized as being a significant complement to traditional
medical and surgical therapies. The success of approaches to
secondary prevention now relate to quality, as well as
quantity, of life. A multifaceted program, including dietary
management, smoking cessation, physical exercise,
modification of type A behavior, and psychological
counseling are components of many cardiac rehabilitation
programs. Behavioral interventions are effective in reducing
traditional risk factors for CHD events, and for improving
the quality of life among victims of a disease with
significant psychological, as well as physical,
consequences. However, the effectiveness of behavioral
interventions for prolonging life is less certain and
requires more careful evaluation. The mechanisms by which
behavioral treatments may influence clinical CHD end points
is also in need of further investigation.},
Key = {fds271012}
}
@article{fds270741,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Castell, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Angina pectoris in type A and type B cardiac
patients.},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {211-218},
Year = {1986},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0304-3959},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3797016},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Angina Pectoris •
Exercise Test • Female • Heart Diseases •
Humans • Male • Pain Measurement • Stress,
Psychological • Type A Personality* •
physiopathology • psychology*},
Abstract = {The type A behavior pattern is characterized by excessive
competitive drive, a sense of time urgency, enhanced
aggressiveness, hostility and a persistent desire for
recognition. Type A behaviour is widely recognized as a risk
factor in coronary heart disease. This study investigated
whether type As and Bs differ in their experience of pain
and pain coping efforts. A group of type A (n = 35) and a
group of type B (n = 19) cardiac disease patients served as
subjects. All subjects underwent diagnostic treadmill
testing and were compared on a variety of pain measures.
There were no differences between type As and Bs in age,
sex, presence of state or trait anxiety or severity of
cardiac disease. Type A patients, however, were much more
likely than type Bs to be classified on the New York Heart
Association (NYHA) functional angina scale as having more
severe pain and functional limitation. Type As were also
less likely to use pain coping strategies to deal with their
pain. Those who assess pain and functional impairment in
cardiac patients using the NYHA scale should be aware that
type A personality characteristics may affect their
assessments. Type A patients who tend to make little use of
pain coping strategies may benefit from systematic training
in pain control methods. Additional research is needed to
examine whether type A-B differences in pain and pain coping
strategies may affect risks of coronary morbidity and
mortality.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/0304-3959(86)90212-5},
Key = {fds270741}
}
@article{fds271020,
Author = {Herman, S and Blumenthal, JA and Haney, T and Williams, RB and Barefoot,
J},
Title = {Type As who think they are type Bs: discrepancies between
self-ratings and interview ratings of the type A
(coronary-prone) behaviour pattern.},
Journal = {The British Journal of Medical Psychology},
Volume = {59 ( Pt 1)},
Pages = {83-88},
Year = {1986},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0007-1129},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3964590},
Abstract = {The study described here explored discrepancies between
self-ratings and interview ratings of Type A behaviour. A
total of 281 patients referred for diagnostic coronary
angiography underwent a comprehensive psychological
assessment including the Type A structured interview (SI),
the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and
two self-report measures of Type A behaviour, the Jenkins
Activity Survey (JAS) and the Type A Self-Rating Inventory
(TASRI). Two subgroups of patients were identified--Type A
subjects whose Type A self-ratings were consistent with the
SI classification, and subjects who obtained low self-rating
scores and yet were classified as Type A by the SI. A
comparison of the MMPI profiles showed that the discordant
Type As scored lower on MMPI scales 9 (Ma) and 4 (Pd), and
higher on scales 0 (Si), 2 (D) and F. The personality
attributes associated with this MMPI pattern are more
consistent with individual self-reports of Type A behaviour
than observer ratings during the SI.},
Doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8341.1986.tb02669.x},
Key = {fds271020}
}
@article{fds271016,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Castell, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Angina pectorisin type A and type B cardiac
patients},
Journal = {Pain},
Volume = {24},
Pages = {1-218},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds271016}
}
@article{fds271017,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Barefoot, JC and Haney, T},
Title = {Communication to the editor: Response to
Bass},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {387},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Key = {fds271017}
}
@article{fds271018,
Author = {Madden, DJ and Blumenthal, JA and Ekelund, LG and Krantz, DS and Light,
KC and McKee, DC},
Title = {Memory performance by mild hypertensives following
beta-adrenergic blockade.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-24},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0033-3158},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3090588},
Abstract = {Previous experiments have reported deficits in cognitive
performance following the administration of
beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. These deficits have not
appeared consistently, however, and it is not clear from
previous studies whether changes in the central nervous
system, rather than end-organ functioning, are responsible.
The present experiment investigated the effects of beta
blockade in a memory-search paradigm that distinguished the
relatively central process of memory comparison from the
more peripheral processes of stimulus encoding and response
selection. Twenty-six adult men with mild essential
hypertension received either a placebo or a beta blocker
(atenolol or propranolol) for 2 weeks. Although beta
blockade did occur in the active drug groups, there were no
significant effects of the drugs on memory-search
performance.},
Doi = {10.1007/BF00175183},
Key = {fds271018}
}
@article{fds271019,
Author = {Williams, RB and Haney, TL and McKinnis, RA and Harrell, FE and Lee, KL and Pryor, DB and Califf, R and Kong, YH and Rosati, RA and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Psychosocial and physical predictors of anginal pain relief
with medical management.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {200-210},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2871582},
Abstract = {This study was undertaken to identify psychosocial and
physical characteristics that independently predict anginal
pain relief. The original study group comprised over 570
patients in whom the characteristics were identified at the
time of coronary arteriography and who were followed up
after 6 months of standard medical therapy. In the subset of
382 of these patients who were assessed as having NYHA Class
III or IV angina at the time of angiography, a multivariable
analysis of 101 baseline descriptors showed that higher
scores on the MMPI hypochondriasis scale, unemployment, and
more severe right coronary occlusion were significant
independent predictors of failure to achieve two-class
improvement at follow-up. These three characteristics also
predicted continuing severe angina in a subsequent,
independent sample of 91 new patients. These findings could
help physicians select appropriate treatment by
prospectively identifying patients who are unlikely to
respond to standard medical treatment of
angina.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198603000-00005},
Key = {fds271019}
}
@article{fds304907,
Author = {Blumenthal, J and Barefoot, J and Haney, T},
Title = {Anxiety-proneness and coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {30},
Number = {3},
Pages = {387},
Year = {1986},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(86)90018-8},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(86)90018-8},
Key = {fds304907}
}
@article{fds271021,
Author = {Harbin, TJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Relationships among age, sex, the type A behavior pattern,
and cardiovascular reactivity.},
Journal = {Journal of Gerontology},
Volume = {40},
Number = {6},
Pages = {714-720},
Year = {1985},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4056327},
Abstract = {Most investigations of Type A behavior and cardiovascular
responsivity have used age-homogeneous, male samples. In
this study, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure responses
were obtained from men and women, age 27 to 70, during
mental arithmetic and a visual discrimination task called
the Matching Familiar Figures test (MFF). Both tasks
produced HR deceleration in Type A women and acceleration in
Type B women, responses that decreased with age. Men's
responses were not related to Type A behavior or age.
Systolic pressure decreased in response to the MFF. This
response became larger with age in Type Bs and smaller in
Type As. Diastolic pressure also decreased during the MFF.
Response amplitude increased with age in Type Bs but was
unrelated to age in Type As. The results of this study
indicate that the relationship between cardiovascular
responding and Type A behavior is complex and may be
different for men and women and for persons of different
ages.},
Doi = {10.1093/geronj/40.6.714},
Key = {fds271021}
}
@article{fds271028,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Herman, S},
Title = {Age differences in self-perceptions of type A
traits.},
Journal = {Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {264-266},
Year = {1985},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3998254},
Doi = {10.1037//0022-006x.53.2.264},
Key = {fds271028}
}
@article{fds291313,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {In Reply},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {253},
Number = {7},
Pages = {980},
Publisher = {American Medical Association (AMA)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1985.03350310061019},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1985.03350310061019},
Key = {fds291313}
}
@article{fds270796,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Relaxation therapy, biofeedback, and behavioral
medicine},
Journal = {Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)},
Volume = {22},
Number = {3},
Pages = {516-530},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association (APA)},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0085536},
Abstract = {Psychologists have become increasingly involved in the
assessment and treatment of patients with medical disorders.
A new field known as Behavioral Medicine has recently
emerged as an area concerned with the integration of
behavioral and biomedical science. This development has been
especially visible in the application of relaxation
therapies and biofeedback in the treatment of patients with
a variety of medical disorders. This article reviews the
major forms of relaxation and biofeedback, and discusses the
current clinical applications for such conditions as pain,
cardiovascular disorders, and neurological abnormalities.
Future directions for research and clinical activities are
discussed.},
Doi = {10.1037/h0085536},
Key = {fds270796}
}
@article{fds271026,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Psychologic assessment in cardiac rehabilitation},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Rehabilitation},
Volume = {5},
Number = {5},
Pages = {208-215},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-198505000-00002},
Abstract = {Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition with significant
psychologic and social, as well as physical, consequences.
As such, psychologic assessment is an important component of
any cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. A multidimensional
framework is proposed, with particular emphasis on five
psychosocial domains: Personality function and
psychopathology, neuropsychologic function, physical health
status, stress and type A behavior, and social and work
adjustment. The results of the psychologic assessment should
emphasize the relative strengths and adaptive resources of
the patient, as well as problem areas. Efforts should also
be made to integrate psychologic test results with
evaluations from other disciplines within the CR team so
that a coordinated treatment program can be formulated. ©
1985 The American Burn Association.},
Doi = {10.1097/00008483-198505000-00002},
Key = {fds271026}
}
@article{fds289615,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O’toole, LC and Chang, JL},
Title = {Is running an analogue of anorexia nervosa? an empirical
study of obligatory running and anorexia
nervosa},
Journal = {Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {94-96},
Year = {1985},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0029-7828},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006254-198502000-00015},
Doi = {10.1097/00006254-198502000-00015},
Key = {fds289615}
}
@article{fds271023,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Lane, JD and Williams, RB},
Title = {The inhibited power motive, type A behavior, and patterns of
cardiovascular response during the structured interview and
Thematic Apperception Test.},
Journal = {Journal of Human Stress},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {82-92},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0097-840X},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3843112},
Abstract = {The Type A behavior pattern and the inhibited power motive
have been implicated in the development of coronary heart
disease (CHD). Since it is widely believed that enhanced
cardiovascular responsivity may be one mechanism by which
individuals develop CHD, the present study examined the
relationship of Type A behavior and the inhibited power
motive to different patterns of cardiovascular response
during two behavioral tasks. Forty-one (24 Type A's, 17 Type
B's) male undergraduates underwent the Type A structured
interview (SI) and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
while a broad range of cardiovascular functions were
simultaneously recorded. Different patterns of
cardiovascular response were observed during the SI and TAT,
and Type A's showed a greater tendency than Type B's to
exhibit increased heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure
(SBP), and forearm blood flow (FBF) during the SI and the
preparatory phase (but not the story-telling phase) of the
TAT. The inhibited power motive was not related to enhanced
cardiovascular responsivity during the SI or TAT. The
implications of these findings for the development of CHD
are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1080/0097840X.1985.9936743},
Key = {fds271023}
}
@article{fds271024,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Rose, S and Chang, JL},
Title = {Anorexia nervosa and exercise. Implications from recent
findings.},
Journal = {Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {237-247},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3849055},
Doi = {10.2165/00007256-198502040-00001},
Key = {fds271024}
}
@article{fds271025,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Herman, S and O'Toole, LC and Haney, TL and Williams,
RB and Barefoot, JC},
Title = {Development of a brief self-report measure of the type A
(coronary prone) behavior pattern.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-274},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4032325},
Abstract = {This study reports the development of a brief self-report
measure of the Type A behavior pattern based upon a set of
adjectives derived from the Gough Adjective Checklist (ACL).
Previous work from our laboratory established a set of
adjectives identified by experts as being relevant to the
Type A construct that subsequently was found to successfully
distinguish Type A individuals from their Type B
counterparts. In the present study, a Type A self-rating
scale based on these adjectives was found to be
significantly related to an established Type A self-report
instrument, the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS), and to an
independent behavioral rating based upon a standard
structured interview (SI). However, no measure of Type A was
related to the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) as
documented by coronary angiography. The advantages and
disadvantages of the various Type A measures are discussed
in the context of their ability to identify individuals at
risk for the development of CAD.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(85)90053-4},
Key = {fds271025}
}
@article{fds271027,
Author = {Dembroski, TM and MacDougall, JM and Williams, RB and Haney, TL and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Components of Type A, hostility, and anger-in: relationship
to angiographic findings.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {219-233},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001281},
Abstract = {Previous research has linked the Type A coronary-prone
behavior pattern to angiographically documented severity of
coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). The present study sought
through component scoring of the Type A Structured Interview
(SI) to determine what elements of the multidimensional Type
A pattern are related to coronary disease severity in a
selected group of patients with minimal or severe CAD.
Multivariate analyses controlling for the major risk factors
showed no relationship between global Type A and extent of
disease. Of all attributes measured, only Potential for
Hostility and Anger-In were significantly and positively
associated with the disease severity, including angina
symptoms and number of myocardial infarctions. Further
analysis revealed that Potential for Hostility and Anger-In
were interactive in their association, such that Potential
for Hostility was associated with disease endpoints only for
patients who were high on the Anger-In dimension. These
findings support previous research in suggesting that anger
and hostility may be the critical aspects of the Type A
pattern in predisposing individuals to risk of
CAD.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198505000-00001},
Key = {fds271027}
}
@article{fds271029,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O'Toole, LC and Chang, JL},
Title = {Is running an analogue of anorexia nervosa? An empirical
study of obligatory running and anorexia
nervosa.},
Journal = {Jama},
Volume = {252},
Number = {4},
Pages = {520-523},
Year = {1984},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6737645},
Abstract = {A recent report suggested that compulsive runners share a
common set of psychological traits and behavioral
dispositions with patients with anorexia nervosa. In an
effort to objectively assess the similarity between anorexia
nervosa and obligatory running, 43 runners and 24 patients
with anorexia nervosa completed the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results indicated that the
obligatory runners generally scored within the normal range,
while the anorectic patients did not. The anorectic patients
obtained more pathological scores than the runners on eight
of the ten clinical subscales of the MMPI. Fifty percent of
the anorectic patients obtained elevations on three or more
of the MMPI subscales, while no runners obtained more than
two scale elevations. Depression (scale 2) and psychopathy
(scale 4) were particularly prevalent in the anorectic
group. We conclude that obligatory runners do not suffer
from the same degree of psychopathology as do patients with
anorexia nervosa.},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.1984.03350040050022},
Key = {fds271029}
}
@article{fds271031,
Author = {Shalom, R and Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RS and McMurray, RG and Dennis, VW},
Title = {Feasibility and benefits of exercise training in patients on
maintenance dialysis.},
Journal = {Kidney International},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {958-963},
Year = {1984},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0085-2538},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6471676},
Abstract = {Fourteen of 174 patients receiving maintenance dialysis
volunteered to participate in a 12-week exercise
conditioning program. Seven patients attended more than 50%
(range, 55 to 75%) of the sessions held three times each
week. These seven patients achieved a 42% (P less than 0.05)
improvement in work capacity as assessed by maximal oxygen
consumption during treadmill testing. No changes occurred in
psychologic functioning, blood pressure control, hematocrit,
or left ventricular ejection fraction. Seven patients
attended fewer than half of the sessions (range, 1 to 38%)
and did not demonstrate improved exercise capacity.
Psychologic testing at entry revealed that those who did not
attend regularly had higher scores for hostility, anxiety,
and depression as compared to those patients who completed
the program. No other clinical variables distinguished those
who had good attendance records from those who did not. We
conclude that exercise conditioning can improve physical
work capacity in patients with chronic renal failure who are
receiving maintenance dialysis treatment. Despite this
potential benefit, the impact of exercise conditioning
programs such as this may be limited because only a small
portion of patients on maintenance dialysis are able or
willing to participate to an extent sufficient to induce
physiological changes.},
Doi = {10.1038/ki.1984.117},
Key = {fds271031}
}
@article{fds271030,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and O'Toole, LC and Haney, T},
Title = {Behavioral assessment of the type A behavior
pattern.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {415-423},
Year = {1984},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494385},
Abstract = {The present study attempted to assess systematically a set
of behavioral subcomponents associated with the Type A
behavior pattern. Sixty middle-aged men underwent the
structured interview (SI) and a repeated version of the SI
after a four-month interval. A high degree of interrater
reliability was established for a number of behavioral
components including speed and volume of speech, motoric
activity, expiratory sighs, response latency, interruptions,
unevenness of speech, plosive words, and potential for
hostility. In general, these behaviors were stable over the
four-month interval, although they did not all distinguish
Type As from Type Bs. Only four behaviors successfully
discriminated Type As and Bs at both interview sessions:
speed of speech, volume of speech, number of interruptions,
and potential for hostility. The results are discussed in
terms of how these behavioral subcomponents may contribute
to increased risk of premature coronary disease.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198409000-00003},
Key = {fds271030}
}
@article{fds271032,
Author = {Schocken, DD and Blumenthal, JA and Port, S and Hindle, P and Coleman,
RE},
Title = {Physical conditioning and left ventricular performance in
the elderly: assessment by radionuclide angiocardiography.},
Journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {359-364},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6869288},
Abstract = {In contrast to young persons, normal elderly persons who
undergo symptom-limited dynamic exercise demonstrate a
decrease in left ventricular (LV) contractile performance
characterized by a decrease in LV ejection fraction. To test
the hypothesis that physical conditioning can be achieved in
older persons and produces improvement in the
exercise-induced decrease in LV ejection fraction observed
during normal aging, we examined 24 normal elderly persons
(mean age 72.0 years) before and after a 12-week program of
physical training. The subjects had been screened for
evidence of cardiovascular disease including rest and
exercise stress electrocardiograms. All subjects underwent
rest and exercise upright sitting radionuclide
angiocardiography before and after the training program. The
subjects achieved cardiovascular training effects as
measured by increased functional capacity and decreased
double product at one-half the maximum work load attained at
the initial stress test. A significant increase occurred
after training in the cardiac index response to exercise (p
less than 0.02) and in the augmentation of the end-diastolic
volume index produced by exercise (p less than 0.05).
However, the exercise-induced decrease in LV ejection
fraction and increase in LV end-systolic volume index
remained unaltered by training. In conclusion, although
older persons can achieve overall training effects from a
program of physical conditioning, the age-associated
differences in LV contractile performance remained
unchanged. Our data suggest that deconditioning is not a
significant contributor to the decline in LV contractile
performance in the elderly.},
Doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(83)90139-x},
Key = {fds271032}
}
@article{fds271034,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Lane, JD and Williams, RB and McKee, DC and Haney, T and White, A},
Title = {Effects of task incentive on cardiovascular response in type
A and type B individuals.},
Journal = {Psychophysiology},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-70},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5772},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828614},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00903.x},
Key = {fds271034}
}
@article{fds304906,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Califf, R and Williams, RS and Hindman,
M},
Title = {Continuing medical education cardiac rehabilitation: A new
frontier for behavioral medicine},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Rehabilitation},
Volume = {3},
Number = {9},
Pages = {637-656},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
Abstract = {Secondary prevention of coronary disease has traditionally
involved primarily surgery and pharmacologic management.
However, it has become increasingly evident that successful
rehabilitation also involves modification of those overt
behaviors that place cardiac patients at greater risk for
reinfarction and death. “Behavioral medicine” is a new
field concerned with the application of behavioral science
knowledge to medical problems and holds particular promise
for the area of cardiac rehabilitation. The present review
summarizes the behavioral strategies currently employed to
treat coronary patients, with particular attention paid to
such interventions as exercise, dietary management, smoking
cessation, psychotherapy, type A modification, and
procedures to enhance patient compliance. The importance of
a multidisciplinary approach to successful rehabilitation is
emphasized. © 1983 The American Burn Association.},
Key = {fds304906}
}
@article{fds271033,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Califf, R and Williams, RS and Hindman,
M},
Title = {Cardiac Rehabilitation: A new frontier for behavioral
medicine},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Rehabilitation},
Volume = {3},
Number = {9},
Pages = {637-656},
Year = {1983},
Abstract = {Secondary prevention of coronary disease has traditionally
involved primarily surgery and pharmacologic management.
However, it has become increasingly evident that successful
rehabilitation also involves modification of those overt
behaviors that place cardiac patients at greater risk for
reinfarction and death. 'Behavioral medicine' is a new field
concerned with the application of behavioral science
knowledge to medical problems and holds particular promise
for the area of cardiac rehabilitation. The present review
summarizes the behavioral strategies currently employed to
treat coronary patients, with particular attention paid to
such interventions as exercise, dietary management, smoking
cessation, psychotherapy, type A modification, and
procedures to enhance patient compliance. The importance of
a multidisciplinary approach to successful rehabilitation is
emphasized.},
Key = {fds271033}
}
@article{fds270797,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RS and Needels, TL and Wallace,
AG},
Title = {Psychological changes accompany aerobic exercise in healthy
middle-aged adults.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {529-536},
Year = {1982},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7163456},
Abstract = {An attempt was made to assess the effects of aerobic
exercise on the psychological functioning of a nonclinical
sample of healthy middle-aged adults. Sixteen subjects
participated in a 10-week program of regular
walking-jogging, while a matched control group maintained
their sedentary life-styles. All subjects completed a
battery of psychological tests, including the Profile of
Mood States, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a
retrospective questionnaire regarding self-perceptions of
change. Examination of test scores revealed that scores for
the exercise group almost always improved, whereas the
scores for the control group remained the same or
deteriorated. The exercisers exhibited less state and trait
anxiety, less tension, depression, and fatigue, and more
vigor than the controls. These results document the
potential utility of regular aerobic exercise in promoting
psychological health in normal adults.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198212000-00004},
Key = {fds270797}
}
@article{fds271043,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RS and Wallace, AG and Williams, RB and Needles, TL},
Title = {Physiological and psychological variables predict compliance
to prescribed exercise therapy in patients recovering from
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {519-527},
Year = {1982},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7163455},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Blood Pressure •
Coronary Circulation • Exercise Test • Female
• Humans • Lipids • MMPI • Male •
Myocardial Infarction • Patient Compliance* •
Physical Exertion* • Stroke Volume • blood •
psychology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {Previous research has documented high rates of noncompliance
to prescribed medical therapy in patients recovering from
myocardial infarction (MI). This study was undertaken to
determine if patients who subsequently drop out of a
structured cardiac rehabilitation program could be
prospectively distinguished from those who remain in the
program based upon their initial baseline characteristics.
Thirty-five consecutive patients with recent MIs underwent
comprehensive physical and psychological assessments at
entry into the program, and were followed for a period of 1
year. The 14 patients who dropped out of the program could
be distinguished from the compliers on the basis of their
reduced left ejection fraction assessed by first pass
radionuclide angiography at rest and during peak exercise.
In addition, their psychological profiles assessed by the
MMPI indicated the dropouts were more depressed,
hypochondriacal, anxious, and introverted and had lower ego
strength than those who remained in the program. Statistical
analysis further indicated that psychological variables were
associated with noncompliance independently of physical
status. These findings suggest that MI patients who are
unlikely to adhere to this form of medical therapy may be
prospectively identified based upon their initial physical
and psychological characteristics.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198212000-00003},
Key = {fds271043}
}
@article{fds39895,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Williams, R.S. and Wallace, A.G. and Williams, R.B. and Needles, T.L.},
Title = {Physiological and psychological variables predict
compliances to prescribed exercise therapy in patients
recovering from myocardial infarction},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {44},
Pages = {519-527},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds39895}
}
@article{fds270851,
Author = {Williams, RS and Wallace, AG and Hindman, MC and Califf, R and Blumenthal, JA and Koisch, F and Morey, M and Wagner, E and Mau, H and Williams, J and Roads, MK and Erickson, P and Leckie, D and James,
J},
Title = {Duke University's Preventive Approach to Cardiology -
DUPAC},
Journal = {Journal of Cardiac Rehabilitation},
Volume = {2},
Number = {6},
Pages = {509-514},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds270851}
}
@article{fds271042,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Schocken, DD and Needels, TL and Hindle,
P},
Title = {Psychological and physiological effects of physical
conditioning on the elderly.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {505-510},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7153942},
Abstract = {A decline in cardiovascular functioning is generally thought
to occur with advancing age. The purpose of the present
study was to assess the effects of regular aerobic exercise
on a group of 24 young-old (65-69) and old-old (70-85 yr)
volunteers. Comprehensive physiological and psychological
assessments were conducted in the one week preceding the
11-week conditioning program, and in the one-week period
following the conclusion of the program. The conditioning
program consisted of 30 min of continuous exercise on a
stationary bicycle ergometer three times weekly for 11
consecutive weeks. The results of the study document the
presence of significant training effects: subjects achieved
longer exercise times and increased exercise workloads.
Despite these changes, however, psychological changes were
generally small and nonsignificant. The present data would
appear to qualify the assumption that exercise is beneficial
for the elderly.},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(82)90090-3},
Key = {fds271042}
}
@article{fds271035,
Author = {Herman, S and Blumenthal, JA and Black, GM and Chesney,
MA},
Title = {Self-ratings of type A (coronary prone) adults: do type A's
know they are type A's?},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {43},
Number = {5},
Pages = {405-413},
Year = {1981},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313032},
Abstract = {This study compared self-ratings and interview-band ratings
of the type A coronary-prone behavior pattern. A Type A
adjective scale was developed from the Gough-Adjective
Checklist (ACL), using adjectives rated as characteristic
and uncharacteristic of the Type A individual by a panel of
20 Type A researchers. Scores on this scale were compared
with Type A ratings based on the structural interview.
Results from a sample of 378 employed males indicate a
significant linear relationship between self-ratings of Type
A characteristics and interview-based Type A classification.
Subsequent item analysis identified a subset of adjectives
which were endorsed differentially by Type A and Type B
individuals, and a subset of descriptors which were not
differentially endorsed by the two groups. Implications of
these findings for assessment and intervention approaches to
coronary-prone behavior are discussed.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198110000-00003},
Key = {fds271035}
}
@article{fds270774,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and McKee, DC and Williams, RB and Haney,
T},
Title = {Assessment of conceptual tempo in the type A (coronary
prone) behavior pattern.},
Journal = {Journal of Personality Assessment},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-51},
Year = {1981},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3891},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7218130},
Keywords = {Adult • Coronary Disease • Female • Humans
• Impulsive Behavior • Male • Personality*
• Sex Factors • psychology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Previous research has documented an association between a
particular behavioral complex termed Type A, and increased
incidence of coronary heart disease. In an effort to define
further some of the behavioral characteristics that
distinguish Type A subjects from their noncoronary-prone
(Type B) counterparts, subjects were administered a test of
conceptual impulsivity-reflection. While there were clear
sex differences in performance, the results of the present
study offered only qualified support for the notion that
Type A individuals are more impulsive than Type B
individuals. One component of Type A, Speed and Impatience,
was shown to be related to increased impulsivity in women,
but not in men. The findings suggest the importance of
considering the interaction of gender with behavioral
subcomponents of the Type A behavior pattern.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327752jpa4501_10},
Key = {fds270774}
}
@article{fds271036,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and McKee, DC and Williams, RB and Haney,
T},
Title = {Assessment of conceptual tempo in the Type A (coronary
prone) behavior pattern},
Journal = {Journal of Personality Assessment},
Volume = {45},
Pages = {405-413},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds271036}
}
@article{fds271038,
Author = {Williams, RB and Haney, TL and Lee, KL and Kong, YH and Blumenthal, JA and Whalen, RE},
Title = {Type A behavior, hostility, and coronary
atherosclerosis.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {6},
Pages = {539-549},
Year = {1980},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7465739},
Abstract = {Type A behavior pattern was assessed using the structured
interview and hostility level was assessed using a subscale
of the Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory in 424
patients who underwent diagnostic coronary arteriography for
suspected coronary heart disease. In contrast to non-Type A
patients, a significantly greater proportion of Type A
patients had at least one artery with a clinically
significant occlusion of 75% or greater. In addition, only
48% of those patients with very low scores (less than or
equal to 10) on the Hostility scale exhibited a significant
occlusion; in contrast, patients in all groups scoring
higher than 10 on the Hostility scale showed a 70% rate of
significant disease. The essential difference between low
and high scorers on the Hostility scale appears to consist
of an unwillingness on the part of the low scorers to
endorse items reflective of the attitude that others are
bad, selfish, and exploitive. Multivariate analysis showed
that both Type A behavior pattern and Hostility score are
independently related to presence of atherosclerosis. In
this analysis, however, Hostility score emerged as more
related to presence of atherosclerosis than Type A behavior
pattern. These findings confirm previous observations of
increased coronary atherosclerosis among Type A patients.
They suggest further that an attitudinal set reflective of
hostility toward people in general is over and above that
accounted for by Type A behavior pattern. These findings
also suggest that interventions to reduce the contribution
of behavioral patterns to coronary disease risk might
profitably focus especially closely on reduction of anger
and hostility.},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198011000-00002},
Key = {fds271038}
}
@article{fds270753,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RS and Williams, RB and Wallace,
AG},
Title = {Effects of exercise on the Type A (coronary prone) behavior
pattern.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {2},
Pages = {289-296},
Year = {1980},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192871},
Keywords = {Adult • Cholesterol • Coronary Disease •
Female • Humans • Lipoproteins, HDL • Male
• Middle Aged • Personality* • Physical
Education and Training* • Physical Fitness •
Plasminogen Activators • Risk • Triglycerides
• blood • prevention & control* •
psychology},
Abstract = {This study presents the initial findings of an attempt to
reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a group
of health, middle-aged adults by participation in a
ten-week, supervised exercise program. Forty-six subjects
were classified as Type A or Type B based on their scores on
the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS). Measures of physiologic
(blood pressure, serum lipids, body weight, plasminogen
activator release, and treadmill performance) and
psychologic (scores on the JAS) variables were obtained
before and after the exercise program. Subjects were able to
successfully reduce the physiologic cardiovascular risk
factors. Moreover, Type A subjects lowered their scores on
the JAS Type A scale after training, while the scores of the
Type B subjected remained unchanged. It is concluded that a
supervised program of regular exercise can successfully
modify the physiological and psychological variables
associated with increased risk for CHD in a nonclinical
sample of healthy adults.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/00006842-198003000-00006},
Key = {fds270753}
}
@article{fds270798,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and McKee, DC and Haney, T and Williams,
RB},
Title = {Task Incentives, Type A Behavior Pattern, and Verbal Problem
Solving Performance},
Journal = {Journal of Applied Social Psychology},
Volume = {10},
Number = {2},
Pages = {101-114},
Publisher = {WILEY},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0021-9029},
url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:A1980JQ78900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=47d3190e77e5a3a53558812f597b0b92},
Abstract = {A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the
interaction between task incentives and the Type A behavior
pattern in determining performance during a task of verbal
problem solving. The results indicated that Type A subjects
responded more quickly and more frequently than their Type B
counterparts. In addition, evidence suggested that a
situational characteristic–whether instructions offered a
monetary reward or served as an evaluative
stressor–affected subjects differently depending on their
behavior pattern classification. These findings suggest that
Pattern A behavior occurs as a response to challenges
signifying the potential for reward as well as a threat of
failure. Implications for future research emphasize the need
to investigate the characteristics of the situation and the
task, as well as the individual. Copyright © 1980, Wiley
Blackwell. All rights reserved},
Doi = {10.1111/j.1559-1816.1980.tb00696.x},
Key = {fds270798}
}
@article{fds271039,
Author = {Keefe, FJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {The life fitness program: A behavioral approach to making
exercise a habit},
Journal = {Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental
Psychiatry},
Volume = {11},
Number = {1},
Pages = {31-34},
Publisher = {Elsevier BV},
Year = {1980},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0005-7916},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-7916(80)90048-8},
Abstract = {Difficulty in maitaining exercise regimens over long time
periods is a common problem. This study examined the
efficacy of a combination of stimulus control and self-
reinforcement procedures in the acquisition and maintenance
of a walking exercise program using a multiple baseline
design. The intervention strategy was introduced
sequentially to each of three middle-aged, overweight males.
Levels of exercise increased in a regular and gradual
fashion following introduction of the behavioral treatment
techniques. Improvement was maintained over a two-year
period. © 1980.},
Doi = {10.1016/0005-7916(80)90048-8},
Key = {fds271039}
}
@article{fds271037,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RS and Williams, RB and Wallace,
AG},
Title = {The effects of exercise on the Type A behavior
pattern},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {289-296},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds271037}
}
@article{fds271040,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Thompson, LW and Williams, RB and Kong,
Y},
Title = {Anxiety-proneness and coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-21},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/480276},
Doi = {10.1016/0022-3999(79)90066-7},
Key = {fds271040}
}
@article{fds271041,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Williams, RB and Kong, Y and Schanberg, SM and Thompson, LW},
Title = {Type A behavior pattern and coronary atherosclerosis.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {58},
Number = {4},
Pages = {634-639},
Year = {1978},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/688573},
Abstract = {Previous research has demonstrated an increased rate of
clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) events among people
who exhibit a "coronary prone" (Type A) behavior pattern.
This study was undertaken to determine whether the
association between behavior pattern Type A and CHD might be
extended beyond clinical CHD events to include also the
coronary atherosclerotic process. In addition to usual
clinical evaluation, 156 consecutive patients referred for
diagnostic coronary angiography were independently assessed
on the basis of a structured interview and assigned a rating
of Type A, Type B, or Type X (indeterminate). Traditional
physiologic factors--age, sex, cholesterol and cigarette
smoking--were found to correlate with atherosclerotic
disease. Type A patients were found in increasing
proportions among groups of patients with coronary
occlusions of moderate to severe degree compared with
patients with only mild occlusions. This increasing
proportion of Type A patients with increasing disease
severity remained significant, even when age, sex, blood
pressure, serum cholesterol level and cigarette smoking
history were all simultaneously covaried. These findings
suggest that, independently of traditional risk factors,
behavior pattern Type A may contribute to the risk of
clinical CHD events via effects on the atherosclerotic
process.},
Doi = {10.1161/01.cir.58.4.634},
Key = {fds271041}
}
@article{fds270739,
Author = {Sakulsky, SB and Blumenthal, JA and Lynch, RH},
Title = {Treatment of thrombosed hemorrhoids by excision.},
Journal = {American Journal of Surgery},
Volume = {120},
Number = {4},
Pages = {537-538},
Year = {1970},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-9610},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5507343},
Keywords = {Adult • Diarrhea • Hemorrhoids • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Military Medicine*
• Thrombosis • United States • Vietnam •
complications • etiology • surgery •
surgery*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/s0002-9610(70)80025-3},
Key = {fds270739}
}
%% Papers Published
@article{fds143928,
Author = {RM Carney and KE Freedland and B Steinmeyer and JA Blumenthal and LF
Berkman, LL Watkins and SM Czajkowski and MM Burg and AS
Jaffe},
Title = {Depression and five year survival following acute myocardial
infarction: a prospective study.},
Journal = {Journal of affective disorders},
Volume = {109},
Number = {1-2},
Pages = {133-8},
Year = {2008},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0165-0327},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.005},
Keywords = {Depressive Disorder, Major • Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Myocardial Infarction • Prevalence • Prospective
Studies • Questionnaires • Severity of Illness
Index • Survival Rate • Time Factors •
diagnosis • epidemiology* • mortality •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Depression has been shown to be a risk factor for mortality
during the 12 months following an acute myocardial
infarction (MI), but few studies have examined whether it is
associated with increased risk over longer periods. Most of
the existing studies utilized depression questionnaires
rather than diagnostic interviews, the gold standard for
clinical depression diagnosis. The purpose of this study was
to determine whether interview-diagnosed clinical depression
affects survival for at least 5 years after an acute MI.
Vital status was determined for 163 patients with major
depression, 195 with minor depression or dysthymia, and 408
nondepressed patients, during a median follow-up period of
60 months after an acute MI. Survival analysis was used to
model time from the index MI to death. There were 106 deaths
during the follow-up. After adjusting for other risk factors
for mortality, patients with either major or minor
depression (HR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.60), major depression
alone (HR=1.87; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.98), or minor depression
alone (HR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.64) were at higher risk
for all-cause mortality compared to the nondepressed
patients. Depression is an independent risk factor for death
5 years after an acute MI. Even minor depression is
associated with an increased risk. Although it is not known
whether treating depression can improve survival, patients
with depression should be recognized as being at increased
risk long after their acute MI.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.005},
Key = {fds143928}
}
@article{fds143798,
Author = {R Trivedi and A Sherwood and TJ Strauman and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Laboratory-based blood pressure recovery is a predictor of
ambulatory blood pressure.},
Journal = {Biological psychology},
Volume = {77},
Number = {3},
Pages = {317-23},
Year = {2008},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0301-0511},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.004},
Keywords = {Adult • Anger • Blood Pressure • Blood
Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory* • Circadian Rhythm
• Cold Temperature • Data Interpretation,
Statistical • Electroshock • Female •
Forecasting • Humans • Hypertension • Male
• Mental Recall • Middle Aged • Psychomotor
Performance • Reaction Time • Sex Characteristics
• diagnostic use • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology},
Abstract = {The recovery phase of the stress response is an individual
difference characteristic that may predict cardiovascular
risk. The purpose of this study was to examine whether
laboratory-based blood pressure (BP) recovery predicts
ambulatory BP (ABP). One hundred and eighty-two participants
underwent a standard laboratory stress protocol, involving a
20-min baseline rest period, and four stressors presented in
a counterbalanced order, each followed by a 10-min recovery
period. Participants also wore an ABP monitor for 24h during
a typical workday. Hierarchical regression analyses showed
that BP recovery accounted for significant additional
variance for daytime SBP (p<0.001), nighttime SBP (p<0.001),
daytime DBP (p<0.001), and nighttime DBP (p<0.001), after
controlling for baseline and reactivity BP. Results suggest
that persistence of the BP response following stress may be
a more salient characteristic of the stress response in
understanding its potential impact on longer term
cardiovascular regulation.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.004},
Key = {fds143798}
}
@article{fds143955,
Author = {KA Barbour and TM Edenfield and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Exercise as a treatment for depression and other psychiatric
disorders: a review.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and
prevention},
Volume = {27},
Number = {6},
Pages = {359-67},
Year = {2008},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1932-7501},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.HCR.0000300262.69645.95},
Keywords = {Anxiety • Bipolar Disorder • Cardiovascular
Diseases • Cognition • Dementia • Depression
• Exercise Therapy* • Humans • Lung Diseases
• Patient Compliance • Practice Guidelines as
Topic • Stress, Physiological • complications
• therapy • therapy*},
Abstract = {This article reviews evidence supporting exercise as a
treatment for psychiatric disorders. Although data from
randomized trials are limited, results of studies included
in this review generally support use of exercise as an
alternative or adjunctive treatment. Discussion of practical
issues regarding exercise, potential mechanisms for the
beneficial effects of exercise, and recommendations for
future research are provided.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.HCR.0000300262.69645.95},
Key = {fds143955}
}
@article{fds143926,
Author = {PJ Smith and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and A Georgiades and A
Hinderliter, A Sherwood},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on depressive symptoms
among men and women with hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {63},
Number = {5},
Pages = {463-9},
Year = {2007},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.05.011},
Keywords = {Depression • Exercise* • Female • Humans
• Hypertension • Male • Middle Aged •
Physical Fitness • Weight Loss* • diagnosis •
epidemiology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate changes in
depressive symptoms in hypertensive individuals
participating in an exercise and weight loss intervention.
METHODS: This study involved 133 sedentary men and women
with high blood pressure (BP; 130-180 mmHg systolic BP
and/or 85-110 mmHg diastolic BP) who participated in a
6-month intervention consisting of three groups: aerobic
exercise, aerobic exercise and weight loss, and a waiting
list control. RESULTS: Participants in both treatment groups
demonstrated significant improvements in aerobic capacity
and lower BP compared with participants in the control
group. Participants in the active treatment groups who had
mild to moderate depressive symptoms at baseline also
exhibited greater reductions in depressive symptoms compared
with participants in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Results
from the present study suggest that exercise, alone or
combined with weight management, may reduce self-reported
depressive symptoms among patients with hypertension.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.05.011},
Key = {fds143926}
}
@article{fds143763,
Author = {JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Psychosocial training and cardiac rehabilitation.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and
prevention},
Volume = {27},
Number = {2},
Pages = {104-6},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1932-7501},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.HCR.0000265038.69898.b0},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Health Personnel • Humans
• Inservice Training* • Knowledge • Needs
Assessment • Personal Satisfaction • Program
Evaluation • Rehabilitation • Social Support*
• education • education* •
rehabilitation*},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.HCR.0000265038.69898.b0},
Key = {fds143763}
}
@article{fds143809,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and PM Doraiswamy and L Watkins and BM
Hoffman, KA Barbour and S Herman and WE Craighead and AL Brosse and R
Waugh, A Hinderliter and A Sherwood},
Title = {Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major
depressive disorder.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {69},
Number = {7},
Pages = {587-96},
Year = {2007},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e318148c19a},
Keywords = {Antidepressive Agents • Depressive Disorder, Major
• Double-Blind Method • Exercise Therapy* •
Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Prospective Studies • Psychotherapy, Group •
Sertraline • Treatment Outcome • drug therapy*
• therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess whether patients receiving aerobic
exercise training performed either at home or in a
supervised group setting achieve reductions in depression
comparable to standard antidepressant medication
(sertraline) and greater reductions in depression compared
to placebo controls. METHODS: Between October 2000 and
November 2005, we performed a prospective, randomized
controlled trial (SMILE study) with allocation concealment
and blinded outcome assessment in a tertiary care teaching
hospital. A total of 202 adults (153 women; 49 men)
diagnosed with major depression were assigned randomly to
one of four conditions: supervised exercise in a group
setting; home-based exercise; antidepressant medication
(sertraline, 50-200 mg daily); or placebo pill for 16 weeks.
Patients underwent the structured clinical interview for
depression and completed the Hamilton Depression Rating
Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: After 4 months of treatment, 41% of
the participants achieved remission, defined as no longer
meeting the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) and
a HAM-D score of <8. Patients receiving active treatments
tended to have higher remission rates than the placebo
controls: supervised exercise = 45%; home-based exercise =
40%; medication = 47%; placebo = 31% (p = .057). All
treatment groups had lower HAM-D scores after treatment;
scores for the active treatment groups were not
significantly different from the placebo group (p = .23).
CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of exercise in patients seems
generally comparable with patients receiving antidepressant
medication and both tend to be better than the placebo in
patients with MDD. Placebo response rates were high,
suggesting that a considerable portion of the therapeutic
response is determined by patient expectations, ongoing
symptom monitoring, attention, and other nonspecific
factors.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e318148c19a},
Key = {fds143809}
}
@article{fds143900,
Author = {A Sherwood and JK Bower and J McFetridge-Durdle and JA Blumenthal and LK
Newby, AL Hinderliter},
Title = {Age moderates the short-term effects of transdermal
17beta-estradiol on endothelium-dependent vascular function
in postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular
biology},
Volume = {27},
Number = {8},
Pages = {1782-7},
Year = {2007},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1524-4636},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.145383},
Keywords = {Administration, Cutaneous • Age Factors • Aged
• Aged, 80 and over • Aging • Blood Flow
Velocity • Brachial Artery • Chi-Square
Distribution • Coronary Disease • Cross-Over
Studies • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug •
Double-Blind Method • Drug Administration Schedule
• Drug Therapy, Combination • Endothelium,
Vascular • Estradiol • Female • Humans •
Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis •
Nitroglycerin • Norethindrone • Postmenopause
• Probability • Reference Values • Risk
Factors • Treatment Outcome • Vascular Patency
• administration & dosage • administration &
dosage* • analogs & derivatives* • drug effects
• physiology • physiology* •
physiopathology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We evaluated age and coronary heart disease (CHD)
as potential moderators of the effects of 17beta-estradiol
on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women.
RESULTS: In a double-blind crossover design, 100
postmenopausal women aged 50 to 80 years were randomized to
each of 3 transdermal patches, releasing 17beta-estradiol
(0.05 mg/d), 17beta-estradiol (0.05 mg/d) + norethindrone
acetate (NETA, 0.14 mg/d), and placebo. Flow-mediated
dilation (FMD) and response to 400 microg sublingual
glyceryl trinitrate (GTN-D) were assessed approximately 18
hours after patch placement. Age, but not CHD, moderated the
FMD response to treatment (P=0.01). For women in their
fifties, the estradiol patch was associated with improved
FMD (7.69+/-4.79%) compared with placebo (4.81+/-5.97%,
P<0.05), but the estradiol+norethindrone patch response
(5.81+/-4.85%) was not significantly different from placebo.
Women in their sixties and seventies showed no alterations
in FMD response to either active patch. GTN-D response
declined with advancing age (P<0.01), with women in their
seventies exhibiting blunted GTN-D response compared with
younger women. CONCLUSIONS: The cardiovascular benefits of
natural estrogen supplementation on vascular endothelial
function may be dependent on postmenopausal age, with
improved vascular function evident only in the early
postmenopausal years. Short-term FMD response to estradiol
might help stratify individual differences in risks versus
benefits of HRT.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.145383},
Key = {fds143900}
}
@article{fds143827,
Author = {PJ Smith and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and BM Hoffman and PM
Doraiswamy, R Waugh and A Hinderliter and A Sherwood},
Title = {Cerebrovascular risk factors, vascular disease, and
neuropsychological outcomes in adults with major
depression.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {69},
Number = {6},
Pages = {578-86},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31812f7b8e},
Keywords = {Atherosclerosis • Cerebrovascular Disorders •
Cognition* • Cross-Sectional Studies • Depressive
Disorder, Major • Endothelium, Vascular • Factor
Analysis, Statistical • Female • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis •
Regression Analysis • Risk Factors • United States
• epidemiology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of
cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRFs), endothelial function,
carotid artery intima medial thickness (IMT), and
neuropsychological performance in a sample of 198
middle-aged and older individuals with major depressive
disorder (MDD). Neuropsychological deficits are common among
adults with MDD, particularly among those with CVRFs and
potentially persons with subclinical vascular disease.
METHODS: CVRFs were indexed by the Framingham Stroke Risk
Profile (FSRP) and serum cholesterol levels obtained by
medical history and physical examination. Patients completed
a neuropsychological test battery including measures of
executive functioning, working memory, and verbal recall.
Vascular function was indexed by carotid artery IMT and
brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD). Hierarchical
multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the
association between CVRFs, vascular disease, and
neurocognitive performance. RESULTS: Greater FSRP scores
were associated with poorer executive functioning (b =
-0.86; p = .041) and working memory (b = -0.90; p = .024).
Lower high-density lipoprotein levels also were associated
with poorer executive functioning (b = 1.03; p = .035).
Higher IMT (b = -0.83; p = .028) and lower FMD (b = 1.29; p
= .032) were associated with poorer executive functioning
after controlling for CVRFs. Lower FMD was also associated
with poorer working memory (b = 1.58; p = .015).
CONCLUSIONS: Greater CVRFs were associated with poorer
neuropsychological performance. Vascular dysfunction also
was associated with neuropsychological decrements
independent of traditional CVRFs.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/PSY.0b013e31812f7b8e},
Key = {fds143827}
}
@article{fds143822,
Author = {HS Lett and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and DJ Catellier and RM Carney and LF Berkman and MM Burg and P Mitchell and AS Jaffe and N
Schneiderman},
Title = {Social support and prognosis in patients at increased
psychosocial risk recovering from myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {26},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-27},
Year = {2007},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.418},
Keywords = {Cause of Death • Cognitive Therapy • Comorbidity
• Depressive Disorder • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Myocardial Infarction • Outcome Assessment (Health
Care) • Personality Inventory • Prognosis •
Proportional Hazards Models • Questionnaires •
Risk Factors • Social Support • diagnosis •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • mortality* •
statistics & numerical data • therapy},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of network support and
different types of perceived functional support on all-cause
mortality or nonfatal reinfarction for patients with a
recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS:
Participants were recruited from the Enhancing Recovery in
Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) trial; 2,481 AMI patients
with depression or low social support were randomized to a
cognitive-behavioral intervention or to a usual care control
group. Data collection for certain measures of social
support was limited: 2,466 participants completed the
ENRICHD Social Support Inventory; 2,457 completed the
Perceived Social Support Scale; 1,296 completed the Social
Network Questionnaire; and 707 completed the Interpersonal
Support and Evaluation List, Tangible Support subscale.
Patients also completed the Beck Depression Inventory and
were followed for up to 4.5 years. METHODS: Time to death or
nonfatal reinfarction. RESULTS: Over the follow-up period,
599 patients (24%) died or had a nonfatal AMI. Survival
models controlling age, sex, race, socioeconomic status,
smoking, antidepressant use, and a composite measure of
increased risk revealed that higher levels of perceived
social support were associated with improved outcome for
patients without elevated depression but not for patients
with high levels of depression. Neither perceived tangible
support nor network support were associated with more
frequent adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: AMI patients should be
assessed for multiple dimensions of perceived functional
support and depression to identify those at increased
psychosocial risk who may benefit from treatment.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.418},
Key = {fds143822}
}
@article{fds143859,
Author = {JP Mathew and MV Podgoreanu and HP Grocott and WD White and RW Morris and M
Stafford-Smith, GB Mackensen and CS Rinder and JA Blumenthal and DA
Schwinn, MF Newman and PEGASUS Investigative
Team},
Title = {Genetic variants in P-selectin and C-reactive protein
influence susceptibility to cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {49},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1934-42},
Year = {2007},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1558-3597},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.080},
Keywords = {Aged • C-Reactive Protein • Cognition Disorders
• Cohort Studies • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Female • Genetic Predisposition to Disease •
Humans • Incidence • Male • Middle Aged
• P-Selectin • Polymorphism, Genetic •
adverse effects* • epidemiology •
genetics*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that candidate gene polymorphisms
in biologic pathways regulating inflammation, cell matrix
adhesion/interaction, coagulation-thrombosis, lipid
metabolism, and vascular reactivity are associated with
postoperative cognitive deficit (POCD). BACKGROUND:
Cognitive decline is a common complication of coronary
artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is associated with a
reduced quality of life. METHODS: In a prospective cohort
study of 513 patients (86% European American) undergoing
CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, a panel of 37
single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was genotyped by mass
spectrometry. Association between these SNPs and cognitive
deficit at 6 weeks after surgery was tested using multiple
logistic regression accounting for age, level of education,
baseline cognition, and population structure. Permutation
analysis was used to account for multiple testing. RESULTS:
We found that minor alleles of the CRP 1059G/C SNP (odds
ratio [OR] 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16 to 0.78;
p = 0.013) and the SELP 1087G/A SNP (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to
0.85; p = 0.011) were associated with a reduction in
cognitive deficit in European Americans (n = 443). The
absolute risk reduction in the observed incidence of POCD
was 20.6% for carriers of the CRP 1059C allele and 15.2% for
carriers of the SELP 1087A allele. Perioperative serum
C-reactive protein (CRP) and degree of platelet activation
were also significantly lower in patients with a copy of the
minor alleles, providing biologic support for the observed
allelic association. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a
contribution of P-selectin and CRP genes in modulating
susceptibility to cognitive decline after cardiac surgery,
with potential implications for identifying populations at
risk who might benefit from targeted perioperative
antiinflammatory strategies.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.080},
Key = {fds143859}
}
@article{fds143930,
Author = {A Sherwood and JA Blumenthal and R Trivedi and KS Johnson and CM
O'Connor, KF Adams Jr and CS Dupree and RA Waugh and DR Bensimhon and L
Gaulden, RH Christenson and GG Koch and AL Hinderliter},
Title = {Relationship of depression to death or hospitalization in
patients with heart failure.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {167},
Number = {4},
Pages = {367-73},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.4.367},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Attitude
to Death • Depression • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Heart Failure • Hospitalization* •
Humans • Incidence • Male • Middle Aged
• North Carolina • Patient Compliance •
Prognosis • Proportional Hazards Models •
Prospective Studies • Risk Factors • epidemiology
• mortality*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is widely recognized as a risk factor
in patients with coronary heart disease. However, patients
with heart failure (HF) have been less frequently studied,
and the effect of depression on prognosis, independent of
disease severity, is uncertain. METHODS: Two hundred four
outpatients having a diagnosis of HF, with a ventricular
ejection fraction of 40% or less, underwent baseline
assessments including evaluation of depressive symptoms
using the Beck Depression Inventory and of HF severity
determined by plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic
peptide. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were
used to examine the effects of depressive symptoms on a
combined primary end point of death and hospitalizations
because of cardiovascular disease (hereafter referred to as
cardiovascular hospitalization) during a median follow-up of
3 years. RESULTS: Symptoms of depression (Beck Depression
Inventory score) were associated with risk of death or
cardiovascular hospitalization (P<.001) after controlling
for established risk factors including HF disease severity,
ejection fraction, HF etiology, age, and medications.
Clinically significant symptoms of depression (Beck
Depression Inventory score >/=10) were associated with a
hazard ratio of 1.56 (95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.29)
for the combined end point of death or cardiovascular
hospitalization. Contrary to our expectation, antidepressant
medication use was associated with increased likelihood of
death or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.75;
95% confidence interval,1.14-2.68, P =.01) after controlling
for severity of depressive symptoms and for established risk
factors. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms of depression were associated
with an adverse prognosis in patients with HF after
controlling for HF severity. The unexpected association of
antidepressant medications with worse clinical outcome
suggests that patients with HF requiring an antidepressant
medication may need to be monitored more
closely.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.167.4.367},
Key = {fds143930}
}
@article{fds143801,
Author = {DJ Whellan and CM O'Connor and KL Lee and SJ Keteyian and LS Cooper and SJ
Ellis, ES Leifer and WE Kraus and DW Kitzman and JA Blumenthal and DS
Rendall, N Houston-Miller and JL Fleg and KA Schulman and IL Piña and HF-ACTION Trial Investigators},
Title = {Heart failure and a controlled trial investigating outcomes
of exercise training (HF-ACTION): design and
rationale.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {153},
Number = {2},
Pages = {201-11},
Year = {2007},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2006.11.007},
Keywords = {Exercise Therapy* • Female • Heart Failure •
Humans • Male • Research Design • Treatment
Outcome • therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although there are limited clinical data to
support the use of exercise training as a means to reduce
mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure,
current guidelines state that exercise is beneficial.
METHODS: The objective of this trial is to determine whether
exercise training reduces all-cause mortality or all-cause
hospitalization for patients with left ventricular systolic
dysfunction and heart failure symptoms. After undergoing
baseline assessments to determine whether they can safely
exercise, patients are randomized to either usual care or
exercise training. Patients in the exercise training arm
attend 36 supervised facility-based exercise training
sessions. Exercise modalities are cycling or walking. After
completing 18 sessions, patients initiate home-based
exercise and then transition to solely home-based exercise
after completing all 36 sessions. Patients return for
facility-based training every 3 months to reinforce their
exercise training program. Patients are followed for up to 4
years. Physiologic, quality-of-life, and economic end points
that characterize the effect of exercise training in this
patient population will be measured at baseline and at
intervals throughout the trial. Blood samples will be
collected to examine biomarkers such as brain natriuretic
peptide, tumor necrosis factor, and C-reactive protein.
CONCLUSIONS: Because of its relatively low cost, high
availability, and ease of use, exercise training is an
intervention that could be accessible to most patients with
heart failure. The HF-ACTION trial is designed to
definitively assess the effect of exercise training on the
clinically relevant end points of mortality,
hospitalization, and quality of life in patients with heart
failure.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2006.11.007},
Key = {fds143801}
}
@article{fds143771,
Author = {RM Carney and WB Howells and JA Blumenthal and KE Freedland and PK
Stein, LF Berkman and LL Watkins and SM Czajkowski and B Steinmeyer and J Hayano and PP Domitrovich and MM Burg and AS Jaffe},
Title = {Heart rate turbulence, depression, and survival after acute
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {69},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-9},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000249733.33811.00},
Keywords = {Aged • Autonomic Nervous System • Case-Control
Studies • Depression • Electrocardiography •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • Heart Rate •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial
Infarction • Risk Factors • Ventricular Premature
Complexes* • mortality* • physiology •
physiopathology • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression is a risk factor for mortality after
acute myocardial infarction (AMI), possibly as a result of
altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation of heart
rate (HR) and rhythm. The purposes of this study were to
determine: a) whether depressed patients are more likely to
have an abnormal HR response (i.e., abnormal turbulence) to
premature ventricular contractions (VPCs), and b) whether
abnormal HR turbulence accounts for the effect of depression
on increased mortality after AMI. METHODS: Ambulatory
electrocardiographic data were obtained from 666 (316
depressed, 350 nondepressed) patients with a recent AMI; 498
had VPCs with measurable HR turbulence. Of these, 260 had
normal, 152 had equivocal, and 86 had abnormal HR
turbulence. Patients were followed for up to 30 (median =
24) months. RESULTS: Depressed patients were more likely to
have abnormal HR turbulence (risk factor adjusted odds ratio
= 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-3.0; p = .03) and
have worse survival (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.2-4.6; p =
.02) than nondepressed patients. When HR turbulence was
added to the model, the adjusted hazard ratio for depression
decreased to 1.9 (95% CI = 0.9-3.8; p = .08), and to 1.6
(95% CI = 0.8-3.4; p = .18) when a measure of HR variability
(LnVLF) was added. The hazard was found to differ over time
with depression posing little risk for mortality in year 1
but greater risk in years 2 and 3 of the follow up.
CONCLUSIONS: ANS dysregulation may partially mediate the
increased risk for mortality in depressed patients with
frequent VPCs after an AMI.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000249733.33811.00},
Key = {fds143771}
}
@article{fds143887,
Author = {PJ Smith and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and A Georgiades and A
Sherwood, MH Sketch Jr and LL Watkins},
Title = {Ventricular ectopy: impact of self-reported stress after
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {153},
Number = {1},
Pages = {133-9},
Year = {2007},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2006.10.016},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over •
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory • Female • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial Infarction
• Stress, Psychological • Ventricular Premature
Complexes • complications • etiology •
physiopathology • physiopathology* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although psychologic stress has been implicated
in the pathogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias, the
relationship between self-reported stress and ventricular
ectopy has not been evaluated under naturalistic conditions
in acute post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, a group
at elevated risk for arrhythmias. METHODS: Diary-reported
stress was measured during 24-hour Holter monitoring in 80
patients (52 men and 28 women) approximately 12 weeks after
their MI. In addition, state and trait anxiety were measured
using the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory,
which was administered at the beginning of the 24-hour
Holter monitoring session. The relationships between
diary-reported stress, anxiety, and ventricular ectopy were
evaluated. RESULTS: Mean diary-reported stress was
associated with total ventricular ectopy (beta = .29, P =
.01). State anxiety was also associated with 24-hour ectopy
(beta = .24, P = .04); however, trait anxiety was not
significantly associated with ectopy. Temporal analyses of
the relationship between stress and ectopy showed that
diary-reported stress was associated with an increase in the
number of ventricular premature beats occurring in the
following hour (beta = .74, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: These
findings extend existing evidence linking psychologic
factors to ventricular arrhythmias by demonstrating that
psychologic stress predicts increased arrhythmic activity
during routine daily activities in post-MI
patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2006.10.016},
Key = {fds143887}
}
@article{fds143782,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and A Sherwood and SD Rogers and MA Babyak and PM
Doraiswamy, L Watkins and BM Hoffman and C O'Connell and JJ Johnson and SM Patidar and R Waugh and A Hinderliter},
Title = {Understanding prognostic benefits of exercise and
antidepressant therapy for persons with depression and heart
disease: the UPBEAT study--rationale, design, and
methodological issues.},
Journal = {Clinical trials (London, England)},
Volume = {4},
Number = {5},
Pages = {548-59},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {1740-7745},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774507083388},
Keywords = {Adult • Antidepressive Agents • Biological Markers
• Depression • Endpoint Determination •
Exercise • Female • Heart Diseases • Humans
• Male • Placebos • Randomized Controlled
Trials as Topic • Sertraline • United States
• drug therapy* • methods* • psychology*
• therapeutic use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is relatively common in patients with
coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse
prognosis. Recently there has been interest in evaluating
the impact of treating depression on clinical outcomes.
Anti-depressant medications have been shown to be safe and
efficacious for many patients; exercise also may be
effective for treating depression and may also improve
cardiopulmonary functioning. However, methodological
limitations of previous studies have raised questions about
the value of exercise, and no study has compared the effects
of exercise with standard anti-depressant medication in
depressed cardiac patients. OBJECTIVE: UPBEAT is a
randomized clinical trial (RCT) funded by NHLBI to evaluate
the effects of sertraline or exercise compared to placebo on
depression and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in patients
with CHD and elevated depressive symptoms. METHODS: The
UPBEAT study includes 200 stable CHD patients with scores on
the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) > or =9 randomized to 4
months of treatment with aerobic exercise, sertraline, or
placebo. The primary outcomes include depressive symptoms
determined by clinical ratings on the Hamilton Rating Scale
for Depression (HAM-D) and measures of heart rate
variability (HRV), baroreflex control (BRC), vascular
function (i.e., flow-mediated dilation (FMD)), and measures
of inflammation and platelet aggregation. RESULTS: This
article reviews the rationale and design of UPBEAT and
addresses several key methodologic issues that were
carefully considered in the development of this protocol:
the use of a placebo control condition in depressed cardiac
patients, study design, and selection of intermediate
endpoints or biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS:
This study is not powered to assess treatment group
differences in CHD morbidity and mortality. Intermediate
endpoints are not equivalent to 'hard' clinical events and
further studies are needed to determine the clinical
significance of these biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: The UPBEAT
study is designed to assess the efficacy of exercise in
treating depression in cardiac patients and evaluates the
impact of treating depression on important biomarkers of
cardiovascular risk.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1177/1740774507083388},
Key = {fds143782}
}
@article{fds143786,
Author = {PM Doraiswamy and MA Babyak and T Hennig and R Trivedi and WD White and JP
Mathew, MF Newman and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Donepezil for cognitive decline following coronary artery
bypass surgery: a pilot randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology bulletin},
Volume = {40},
Number = {2},
Pages = {54-62},
Year = {2007},
ISSN = {0048-5764},
Keywords = {Aged • Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Cognition
Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass • Dose-Response
Relationship, Drug • Double-Blind Method • Drug
Administration Schedule • Electrocardiography •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Indans
• Male • Memory, Short-Term • Mental Recall
• Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests* •
Nootropic Agents • Piperidines • Postoperative
Complications • Wechsler Scales • adverse effects
• adverse effects* • diagnosis • drug effects
• drug therapy* • psychology • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of donepezil in treating
patients with cognitive decline following coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: Forty-four patients,
with at least a 0.5 SD decline at 1 year post-CABG on at
least one cognitive domain compared to their pre-CABG
baseline score, were randomized to treatment with donepezil
(titrated to 10 mg daily) or placebo in a 12-week
double-blind, single center, randomized study. A composite
cognitive change score served as the primary outcome.
Secondary outcome measures included tests of memory,
attention, psychomotor speed, and executive function.
RESULTS: The composite cognitive outcome did not show
significant treatment effects. Secondary measures varied in
their sensitivity to donepezil effects with the largest
effects seen on the Wechsler Visual Memory Scale-Delayed and
Immediate recall tests. More than twice (52% vs. 22%) as
many donepezil-treated patients showed a significant
improvement compared with placebo patients on Delayed
recall. Tests with weak effect sizes and minimal trends
favoring donepezil were the Boston Naming and Digit Symbol.
However, most of the other instruments (e.g., Digit Span,
Trails B, and Controlled Word Association) showed no
treatment benefits. More donepezil-treated than
placebo-treated patients experienced diarrhea, but other
adverse effects and safety measures did not differ between
groups. CONCLUSIONS: In the post-CABG mild cognitive decline
setting, donepezil did not improve composite cognitive
performance but improved some aspects of memory. Donepezil
was well tolerated and had no significant effects on EKG
parameters. Because of limitations such as small sample size
and multiplicity of tests, these findings are preliminary
but add to our knowledge of cholinergic effects in vascular
mild cognitive decline.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143786}
}
@article{fds143808,
Author = {LL Watkins and JA Blumenthal, JR Davidson and MA Babyak and CB
McCants Jr and MH Sketch Jr},
Title = {Phobic anxiety, depression, and risk of ventricular
arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart
disease.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {651-6},
Year = {2006},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000228342.53606.b3},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Cardiac
Catheterization • Cohort Studies • Comorbidity
• Coronary Disease • Death, Sudden, Cardiac •
Depression • Depressive Disorder • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Hypertension •
Inpatients • Male • Middle Aged • Minority
Groups • Myocardial Infarction • North Carolina
• Obesity • Phobic Disorders • Prospective
Studies • Risk • Severity of Illness Index •
Tachycardia, Ventricular • Ventricular Fibrillation
• epidemiology • epidemiology* • psychology
• statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Findings of an association between phobic anxiety
and elevated risks of sudden cardiac death suggest that
phobic anxiety may be related to increased risk of
ventricular arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to
examine whether phobic anxiety is associated with
ventricular arrhythmias in patients with documented coronary
artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Phobic anxiety level was
measured using the Crown-Crisp phobic anxiety scale in 940
patients (660 men, 280 women) hospitalized for diagnostic
cardiac catheterization between April 1999 and June 2002.
Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Beck
Depression Inventory. Patients were followed for a median
follow-up period of 3 years, and the occurrence of
ventricular arrhythmias was determined through review of
medical records. RESULTS: Ventricular arrhythmias occurred
in 97 patients and were significantly related to higher
phobic anxiety after statistical adjustment for established
medical and demographic determinants of arrhythmias (odds
ratio = 1.40; p = .012). Depressive symptomatology was
significantly correlated with phobic anxiety (r = 0.44, p <
.001) and was also related to ventricular arrhythmias (odds
ratio = 1.40; p = .006). The composite of depression and
phobic anxiety predicted ventricular arrhythmias with a
larger effect size than either depression or phobic anxiety
score alone (odds ratio = 1.6, 95% confidence interval,
1.2-2.1, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Both phobic anxiety and
depressive symptomatology predict ventricular arrhythmias in
patients with CAD and may share a common factor predictive
of ventricular arrhythmias.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000228342.53606.b3},
Key = {fds143808}
}
@article{fds143829,
Author = {SL Bacon and A Sherwood and AL Hinderliter and RE Coleman and R Waugh and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Changes in plasma volume associated with mental stress
ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {International journal of psychophysiology : official journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {2},
Pages = {143-8},
Year = {2006},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.09.001},
Keywords = {Aged • Arousal • Blood Pressure • Blood
Volume • Coronary Disease • Endothelium, Vascular
• Female • Gated Blood-Pool Imaging • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia
• Risk Factors • Stress, Psychological •
Vasodilation • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left •
complications* • physiology • physiology* •
physiopathology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Psychological stress has been shown to trigger angina and
myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease. However, the mechanisms by which stress may trigger
cardiac events has yet to be fully elucidated. Twenty five
patients underwent radionuclide ventriculography during a
multiple stress challenge. Plasma volume was assessed during
rest and at the end of the stress task. Flow-mediated
dilatation was also measured. Controlling for endothelial
function and medications, patients with ischemia had greater
reductions in plasma volume than non-ischemic patients.
Reduced plasma volume may be one mechanism by which mental
stress may increase the risk for acute coronary
events.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.09.001},
Key = {fds143829}
}
@article{fds143904,
Author = {B Phillips-Bute and JP Mathew and JA Blumenthal and HP Grocott and DT
Laskowitz, RH Jones and DB Mark and MF Newman},
Title = {Association of neurocognitive function and quality of life 1
year after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {68},
Number = {3},
Pages = {369-75},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000221272.77984.e2},
Keywords = {Aged • Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery
Bypass • Female • Health Status Indicators •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Psychological
Tests • Quality of Life* • Recovery of Function
• adverse effects* • diagnosis •
etiology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
has been shown to improve quality of life and functional
capacity for many patients, recent studies have demonstrated
that a significant number of patients exhibit impairment in
cognitive function immediately following surgery and beyond.
We sought to determine the impact of this postoperative
cognitive dysfunction on quality of life (QOL) and to
characterize the dysfunction from the patient's perspective.
METHODS: With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and
written informed consent, 732 patients at Duke University
Hospital undergoing CABG were enrolled. Five hundred
fifty-one (75%) completed baseline, 6-week, and 1-year
neurocognitive tests and psychometric measures designed to
assess QOL. Neurocognitive status was assessed by a
composite cognitive index score representing the mean of the
scores in four cognitive domains. Change in QOL was assessed
by subtracting baseline from 1-year scores for each of 10
QOL measures. The association between QOL and cognitive
dysfunction was investigated using multivariable linear
regression analysis. RESULTS: Cognitive decline limited
improvement in QOL, with substantial correlation between
change in cognition and change in QOL. One-year QOL measures
are associated with both 6-week and 1-year change in
cognition (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, p <
.0001; Duke Activity Status Index, p < .02; Cognitive
Difficulties, p < .0001; Symptom Limitations, p = .0001;
Center for Epidemiologic Study Depression, p < .0001;
General Health Perception, p = .0001). CONCLUSIONS:
Postoperative cognitive decline may diminish improvements in
QOL. Strategies to reduce cognitive decline may allow
patients to achieve the maximum improvement in QOL afforded
by CABG, as even short-term cognitive dysfunction has
implications for QOL 1 year later.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000221272.77984.e2},
Key = {fds143904}
}
@article{fds143806,
Author = {HS Lett and J Davidson and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Nonpharmacologic treatments for depression in patients with
coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {67 Suppl 1},
Pages = {S58-62},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000163453.24417.97},
Keywords = {Acupuncture Therapy • Antidepressive Agents •
Coronary Disease • Depression • Exercise* •
Fatty Acids, Essential • Humans • Hypericum •
Phytotherapy • Picolinic Acids • Psychotherapy*
• S-Adenosylmethionine • analogs & derivatives
• complications • economics • etiology*
• therapeutic use • therapeutic use* •
therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We review nonpharmacologic treatments for
depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD),
including psychological therapies such as cognitive behavior
therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT), aerobic
exercise, St. John's wort (SJW), essential fatty acids
(EFAs), S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe), acupuncture, and
chromium picolinate (CP). METHODS: Medline searches and
reviews of bibliographies were used to identify relevant
articles. Each treatment was reviewed with particular
attention paid to empirical support, as well as to potential
mechanisms of action that might affect not only depression
but also CHD endpoints. RESULTS: Nearly all randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) of depression treatments have been
conducted with non-CHD patients. These studies have provided
the most support for psychological treatments, particularly
CBT and IPT. Aerobic exercise, SJW, and SAMe also have
considerable empirical support in otherwise healthy persons,
but SJW may have undesirable side effects for CHD patients.
Data for EFAs, CP, and acupuncture are limited; however, the
use of aerobic exercise shows considerable promise for
cardiac patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are few RCTs of
patients with clinical depression and CHD, and those that
exist have significant methodological limitations.
Nonetheless, there is preliminary evidence that
nonpharmacologic treatments are effective for cardiac
patients with depression. In terms of reducing depression,
the most evidence exists for psychological treatments,
particularly CBT and IPT. However, there is little evidence
that such treatment would also improve CHD risk factors.
Aerobic exercise offers more promise to improve both mental
and physical health due to its effect on cardiovascular risk
factors and outcomes and thus warrants particular attention
in future trials.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000163453.24417.97},
Key = {fds143806}
}
@article{fds143803,
Author = {PI Parekh and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and R LaCaille and S Rowe and L
Dancel, RM Carney and RD Davis and S Palmer and INSPIRE
Investigators},
Title = {Gas exchange and exercise capacity affect neurocognitive
performance in patients with lung disease.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {67},
Number = {3},
Pages = {425-32},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000160479.99765.18},
Keywords = {Adult • Cognition • Exercise Test • Exercise
Tolerance • Female • Humans • Lung Diseases
• Lung Transplantation • Male • Memory •
Middle Aged • Preoperative Care • Psychological
Tests • Pulmonary Gas Exchange • Respiratory
Insufficiency • Severity of Illness Index •
physiology* • physiopathology • psychology •
psychology* • surgery},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between
cognitive functioning and the severity of underlying lung
disease in patients awaiting lung transplantation. METHODS:
Ninety-four patients with end-stage lung disease completed a
test battery to assess cognitive performance in two domains:
executive functioning/attention (Trails A and B, COWA,
Animal Naming, Stroop Color-Word Test, Digit Symbol, and the
2 & 7 Test) and verbal memory (Digit Span-Backward and
Forward, WMS-R Logical Memory and Paired Verbal Associates).
RESULTS: Thirty-seven percent of the patients demonstrated
moderate to severe cognitive impairment data on two or more
tests. Adjusting for age and education, there were no
statistically significant differences on executive
functioning or verbal memory as a function of specific lung
disease diagnosis. Lower PCO2 values were associated with
better cognitive performance on latent measures of executive
functioning and attention (p = .006) and verbal memory (p =
.009), whereas higher PO2 values tended to be associated
with better performance on the executive
functioning/attention measure (p = .064). Distance walked in
6 minutes was positively related to verbal memory (p <
.023). CONCLUSIONS: Impaired neurocognitive functioning may
be relatively common in patients awaiting lung
transplantation and is associated with ineffective pulmonary
gas exchange and reduced exercise tolerance.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000160479.99765.18},
Key = {fds143803}
}
@article{fds143766,
Author = {RC Thurston and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and A
Sherwood},
Title = {Emotional antecedents of hot flashes during daily
life.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {67},
Number = {1},
Pages = {137-46},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000149255.04806.07},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Cross-Over Studies •
Emotions* • Female • Frustration • Galvanic
Skin Response • Happiness • Hot Flashes •
Humans • Individuality • Internal-External Control
• Medical Records • Menopause • Middle Aged
• Perimenopause • Postmenopause • Stress,
Psychological • diagnosis • diagnosis* •
physiology • psychology • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Hot flashes are among the most frequently
reported menopausal symptoms. However, little is known about
factors associated with their occurrence. Moreover, despite
the wide use of self-report hot flash measures, little is
known about their concordance with physiological flashes.
This study evaluated emotional and behavioral antecedents of
subjectively and objectively measured hot flashes during
daily life. It also examined individual differences
predicting concordance between objective and subjective hot
flashes. METHODS: Forty-two perimenopausal or postmenopausal
women (mean age = 50.5 +/- 4.8 years) reporting daily hot
flashes completed 2 days of ambulatory sternal skin
conductance monitoring, behavioral diaries 3 times an hour,
and psychometric questionnaires. Hot flashes meeting
objective physiological criteria and subjectively reported
flashes not meeting physiological criteria were assessed.
Likelihood of hot flashes following emotions and activities
were examined in a case-crossover analysis. RESULTS:
Relative to nonflash control times, objective hot flashes
were more likely after increased happiness, relaxation, and
feelings of control, and less likely after increased
frustration, sadness, and stress. Conversely, subjective hot
flashes not meeting physiological criteria were more likely
after increased frustration and decreased feelings of
control. Questionnaires revealed increased negative mood and
negative attitudes were associated with fewer objective
flashes and higher false-positive reporting rates.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased positive and decreased negative
emotions were associated with objective hot flashes, whereas
increased negative and decreased positive emotions were
associated with subjective flashes not meeting physiological
criteria. The anecdotal association between negative
emotions and hot flashes may be the result of self-reported
flashes lacking physiological corroboration.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000149255.04806.07},
Key = {fds143766}
}
@article{fds143920,
Author = {AS Jaffe and HM Krumholz and DJ Catellier and KE Freedland and V
Bittner, JA Blumenthal and JE Calvin and J Norman and R Sequeira and C
O'Connor, MW Rich and D Sheps and C Wu and Enhancing Recovery in
Coronary Heart Disease Patients (ENRICHD) Trial
Investigators},
Title = {Prediction of medical morbidity and mortality after acute
myocardial infarction in patients at increased psychosocial
risk in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
Patients (ENRICHD) study.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {152},
Number = {1},
Pages = {126-35},
Year = {2006},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2005.10.004},
Keywords = {Area Under Curve • Cardiovascular Diseases •
Comorbidity • Depression • Female • Humans
• Male • Models, Statistical • Multicenter
Studies as Topic • Myocardial Infarction •
Prognosis • Proportional Hazards Models • ROC
Curve • Recurrence • Risk Assessment •
Sensitivity and Specificity • Social Support* •
Thrombolytic Therapy • drug therapy •
epidemiology* • mortality • psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) are at
further increased risk for untoward events when patients
also exhibit low social support and/or depression. The
ENRICHD study was the largest controlled trial in post-MI
patients attempting to treat these psychological
comorbidities and provides an opportunity to examine the
medical and psychological characteristics that may affect
risk in this population. METHODS: We analyzed the baseline
characteristics and their relationship to the primary end
point of long-term mortality and recurrent infarction and to
the secondary end points of overall mortality and
cardiovascular mortality in 2481 post-MI patients. Cox
proportional hazards models were used to predict the risk of
these outcomes over a mean of 2.5 years of follow-up.
RESULTS: Death or nonfatal MI occurred in 24.1%, all-cause
mortality in 13.7%, and cardiovascular mortality in 8.4% of
the sample (62% of the total). Age, heart failure, pulmonary
disease, Killip class, ejection fraction, an elevated
creatinine, the use of non-angiotensin-coverting enzyme
asodilators, prior MI, diabetes, depression, and bypass
surgery after acute MI were all significant multivariable
predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The medical predictors of adverse
events in post-MI patients with low social support and/or
depression were similar to those of patients with MI in
other clinical trials.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2005.10.004},
Key = {fds143920}
}
@article{fds143738,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and FJ Keefe and RD Davis and RA Lacaille and RM Carney and KE Freedland and E Trulock and SM Palmer},
Title = {Telephone-based coping skills training for patients awaiting
lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Journal of consulting and clinical psychology},
Volume = {74},
Number = {3},
Pages = {535-44},
Year = {2006},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.535},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adolescent • Adult
• Depression • Follow-Up Studies • Health
Status • Humans • Lung Diseases • Lung
Transplantation* • Quality of Life •
Questionnaires • Survival • Teaching •
Telephone* • Waiting Lists* • methods* •
psychology • psychology* • surgery},
Abstract = {Impaired quality of life is associated with increased
mortality in patients with advanced lung disease. Using a
randomized controlled trial with allocation concealment and
blinded outcome assessment at 2 tertiary care teaching
hospitals, the authors randomly assigned 328 patients with
end-stage lung disease awaiting lung transplantation to 12
weeks of telephone-based coping skills training (CST) or to
usual medical care (UMC). Patients completed a battery of
quality of life instruments and were followed for up to 3.4
years to assess all-cause mortality. Compared with UMC, CST
produced lower scores on perceived stress, anxiety,
depressive symptoms, and negative affect and improved scores
on mental health functioning, optimism, vitality, and
perceived social support. There were 29 deaths (9%) over a
mean follow-up period of 1.1 year. Survival analyses
revealed that there was no difference in survival between
the 2 groups. The authors conclude that a telephone-based
CST intervention can be effectively delivered to patients
awaiting lung transplantation. Despite the severity of
pulmonary disease in this patient population, significant
improvements in quality of life, but not somatic measures or
survival to transplant, were achieved.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.535},
Key = {fds143738}
}
@article{fds143840,
Author = {KA Barbour and JA Blumenthal and SM Palmer},
Title = {Psychosocial issues in the assessment and management of
patients undergoing lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {129},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1367-74},
Year = {2006},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.129.5.1367},
Keywords = {Humans • Lung Transplantation • Patient Compliance
• Patient Selection* • Respiratory Insufficiency
• Risk Assessment • Stress, Psychological* •
Treatment Outcome • psychology* •
surgery},
Abstract = {This review examines psychosocial issues among lung
transplant patients from the time of assessment through the
posttransplant period. Although psychological factors are
recognized as being important in the transplant evaluation,
no standard approach to psychological assessment currently
exists. Lung transplant candidates often experience high
levels of psychological distress while awaiting transplant,
and both pretransplant and posttransplant psychological
functioning have been found to predict posttransplant
quality of life, adherence to treatment, and, in some cases,
medical outcomes. Given the limited long-term survival
following transplantation, improving psychosocial
functioning is essential for enhancing outcomes among lung
transplant recipients. This review summarizes the extant
literature on the psychosocial factors in lung
transplantation and highlights several innovative efforts to
improve psychological outcomes in this challenging patient
population.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1378/chest.129.5.1367},
Key = {fds143840}
}
@article{fds143895,
Author = {HS Lett and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and TJ Strauman and C Robins and A
Sherwood},
Title = {Social support and coronary heart disease: epidemiologic
evidence and implications for treatment.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {67},
Number = {6},
Pages = {869-78},
Year = {2006},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000188393.73571.0a},
Keywords = {Comorbidity • Coronary Disease • Depressive
Disorder • Female • Health Behavior • Humans
• Male • Outcome Assessment (Health Care) •
Prognosis • Prospective Studies • Psychological
Theory • Risk Factors • Social Class • Social
Support* • Terminology as Topic • diagnosis •
epidemiology • epidemiology* •
physiopathology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present paper reviews theories of social
support and evidence for the role of social support in the
development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD).
METHODS: Articles for the primary review of social support
as a risk factor were identified with MEDLINE (1966-2004)
and PsychINFO (1872-2004). Reviews of bibliographies also
were used to identify relevant articles. RESULTS: In
general, evidence suggests that low social support confers a
risk of 1.5 to 2.0 in both healthy populations and in
patients with established CHD. However, there is substantial
variability in the manner in which social support is
conceptualized and measured. In addition, few studies have
simultaneously compared differing types of support.
CONCLUSIONS: Although low levels of support are associated
with increased risk for CHD events, it is not clear what
types of support are most associated with clinical outcomes
in healthy persons and CHD patients. The development of a
consensus in the conceptualization and measurement of social
support is needed to examine which types of support are most
likely to be associated with adverse CHD outcomes. There
also is little evidence that improving low social support
reduces CHD events.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000188393.73571.0a},
Key = {fds143895}
}
@article{fds143805,
Author = {RC Thurston and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and A
Sherwood},
Title = {Association between hot flashes, sleep complaints, and
psychological functioning among healthy menopausal
women.},
Journal = {International journal of behavioral medicine},
Volume = {13},
Number = {2},
Pages = {163-72},
Year = {2006},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm1302_8},
Keywords = {Emotions • Female • Galvanic Skin Response •
Health Status • Hot Flashes • Humans •
Monitoring, Ambulatory • Perimenopause • Sleep
Disorders • Stress, Psychological • epidemiology*
• psychology*},
Abstract = {Self-report data suggest that sleep hot flashes among
menopausal women are associated with sleep problems and in
turn impaired psychological functioning. However, few
studies have examined these relations with physiologic hot
flash measures. A total of 41 perimenopausal and
postmenopausal women with daily hot flashes underwent
nighttime sternal skin conductance monitoring to quantify
hot flashes. Participants completed sleep diaries; the
Sleep-Wake Experience List (van Diest, 1990); and
depression, anxiety, and daily stress measures. Participants
experienced a median of 2 physiologically monitored and 1
reported sleep hot flash nightly. Although sleep complaints
were significantly and positively associated with
psychological functioning, neither sleep complaints nor
psychological functioning was significantly related to
frequency of physiologically monitored sleep hot flashes.
Conversely, results indicate an association between reported
sleep hot flashes and acute sleep problems. The frequency of
physiologically monitored sleep hot flashes, as opposed to
reported sleep hot flashes, may be independent of problems
with sleep and mood among menopausal women.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327558ijbm1302_8},
Key = {fds143805}
}
@article{fds143911,
Author = {KA Barbour and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Exercise training and depression in older
adults.},
Journal = {Neurobiology of aging},
Volume = {26 Suppl 1},
Pages = {119-23},
Year = {2005},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0197-4580},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.007},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Aged, 80 and over • Aging •
Depression • Exercise • Humans • epidemiology
• physiology* • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {This article provides a review of the evidence supporting
exercise as an effective treatment of depression in older
adults. Depression is prevalent among older adults and is
associated with significant morbidity, increased risk of
mortality, and economic burden. Although effective
treatments for depression exist (e.g., antidepressant
medication, cognitive-behavioral therapy), the disorder
remains inadequately treated for many older individuals.
Recently, the use of exercise as a treatment for depression
has received increased attention. Results of these studies
suggest that exercise leads to a reduction in depressive
symptoms when compared to wait list, social contact
controls, and antidepressant medication. However, many
studies have significant methodological limitations. In the
present article, we include discussion of these limitations
and provide suggestions for future research.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.007},
Key = {fds143911}
}
@article{fds143789,
Author = {A Sherwood and AL Hinderliter and LL Watkins and RA Waugh and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Impaired endothelial function in coronary heart disease
patients with depressive symptomatology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {46},
Number = {4},
Pages = {656-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.041},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Coronary
Circulation • Coronary Disease • Depression •
Endothelium, Vascular • Female • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Probability • Regional
Blood Flow • Risk Assessment • Risk Factors •
physiology • physiopathology* • psychology* •
ultrasonography},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether
depressive symptomatology was associated with vascular
endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary heart
disease (CHD). BACKGROUND: In patients with CHD, the
presence of depression is associated with a two to four
times increased risk of mortality, but the disease pathways
involved are uncertain. Endothelial dysfunction is an
established risk factor for cardiovascular events in
patients with CHD. METHODS: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of
the brachial artery, a measure of endothelial function, was
assessed in 143 patients (99 men, 44 women), ages 40 to 84
years (mean age, 63 +/- 10 years), with documented CHD.
RESULTS: Patients with significant depressive
symptomatology, as indicated by a Beck Depression Inventory
(BDI) score > or = 10 (n = 47) showed attenuated FMD (p =
0.001) compared with patients that were not depressed (BDI <
10; n = 96). The use of antidepressant medication was
associated with improved FMD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The
increased risk of cardiovascular events in CHD patients with
elevated symptoms of depression may be mediated, in part, by
endothelial dysfunction.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.041},
Key = {fds143789}
}
@article{fds143897,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and HS Lett},
Title = {Depression and cardiac risk.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation},
Volume = {25},
Number = {2},
Pages = {78-9},
Year = {2005},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
Keywords = {Antidepressive Agents • Coronary Disease •
Depressive Disorder • Exercise • Female •
Humans • Interview, Psychological • Male •
Prevalence • Prognosis • Psychotherapy • Risk
Factors • Sex Distribution • epidemiology* •
psychology* • rehabilitation • therapeutic use
• therapy},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143897}
}
@article{fds143884,
Author = {RM Carney and JA Blumenthal and KE Freedland and PK Stein and WB
Howells, LF Berkman and LL Watkins and SM Czajkowski and J Hayano and PP
Domitrovich, AS Jaffe},
Title = {Low heart rate variability and the effect of depression on
post-myocardial infarction mortality.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {165},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1486-91},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.13.1486},
Keywords = {Circadian Rhythm • Depression •
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Heart Rate • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial Infarction •
Proportional Hazards Models • Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors • Severity of Illness Index •
Survival Rate • United States • complications
• complications* • epidemiology • mortality*
• physiology* • physiopathology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is associated with an increased risk
for mortality after acute myocardial infarction (MI). The
purpose of this study was to determine whether low heart
rate variability (HRV) mediates the effect of depression on
mortality. METHODS: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory
electrocardiograms were obtained from 311 depressed patients
with a recent acute MI who were enrolled in the Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial
and from 367 nondepressed patients who met the ENRICHD
medical inclusion criteria. Standard HRV indexes were
extracted from the recordings. RESULTS: The log of very
low-frequency (LnVLF) power, an index of HRV derived from
power spectral analysis of the electrocardiogram signal
(0.0033-0.04 Hz [in milliseconds squared]), was lower in the
depressed than in the nondepressed patients (P<.001). There
were 47 deaths (6.1%) during a 30-month follow-up. After
adjusting for potential confounders, the depressed patients
remained at higher risk for all-cause mortality compared
with the nondepressed patients (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 1.4-5.4; P<.003). When LnVLF power
was entered into the model, the hazard ratio for depression
dropped to 2.1 (95% CI, 1.1-4.2; P = .03). The proportion of
the risk for depression attributable to LnVLF power was 0.27
(95% CI, 0.23-0.31; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Low HRV partially
mediates the effect of depression on survival after acute
MI. This finding helps to clarify the physiological
mechanisms underlying depression's role as a risk factor for
mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. It also
raises the possibility that treatments that improve both
depression and HRV might also improve survival in these
patients.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archinte.165.13.1486},
Key = {fds143884}
}
@article{fds143799,
Author = {CB Taylor and ME Youngblood and D Catellier and RC Veith and RM Carney and MM Burg and PG Kaufmann and J Shuster and T Mellman and JA Blumenthal and R
Krishnan, AS Jaffe and ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Effects of antidepressant medication on morbidity and
mortality in depressed patients after myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Archives of general psychiatry},
Volume = {62},
Number = {7},
Pages = {792-8},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-990X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.7.792},
Keywords = {Antidepressive Agents • Cardiovascular Diseases •
Cause of Death • Comorbidity • Depressive Disorder
• Disease-Free Survival • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Myocardial Infarction • Proportional Hazards Models
• Recurrence • Risk Factors • Serotonin
Uptake Inhibitors • complications • drug therapy
• drug therapy* • epidemiology • etiology
• mortality • mortality* • prevention &
control • therapeutic use • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression after myocardial infarction (MI) is
associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Although
antidepressants are effective in reducing depression, their
use in patients with cardiovascular disease remains
controversial. OBJECTIVE: To undertake a secondary analysis
to determine the effects of using antidepressants on
morbidity and mortality in post-MI patients who participated
in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease study.
METHODS: Observational secondary analysis. METHODS: Eight
academic sites. METHODS: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease clinical trial randomized 2481 depressed
and/or socially isolated patients from October 1, 1996, to
October 31, 1999. Depression was diagnosed using a
structured clinical interview. This analysis was conducted
on the 1834 patients enrolled with depression (849 women and
985 men). METHODS: Use of antidepressant medication.
METHODS: Event-free survival was defined as the absence of
death or recurrent MI. All-cause mortality was also
examined. To relate exposure to antidepressants to
subsequent morbidity and mortality, the data were analyzed
using a time-dependent covariate model. RESULTS: During a
mean follow-up of 29 months, 457 fatal and nonfatal
cardiovascular events occurred. The risk of death or
recurrent MI was significantly lower in patients taking
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (adjusted hazard
ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.84),
as were the risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 0.59;
95% CI, 0.37-0.96) and recurrent MI (adjusted HR, 0.53; 95%
CI, 0.32-0.90), compared with patients who did not use
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. For patients taking
non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants,
the comparable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.72 (0.44-1.18), 0.64
(0.34-1.22), and 0.73 (0.38-1.38) for risk of death or
recurrent MI, all-cause mortality, or recurrent MI,
respectively, compared with nonusers. CONCLUSIONS: Use of
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depressed
patients who experience an acute MI might reduce subsequent
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A controlled trial
is needed to examine this important issue.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/archpsyc.62.7.792},
Key = {fds143799}
}
@article{fds143877,
Author = {RL Claar and PI Parekh and SM Palmer and RA Lacaille and RD Davis and SK
Rowe, MA Babyak and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Emotional distress and quality of life in caregivers of
patients awaiting lung transplant.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {59},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-6},
Year = {2005},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.03.007},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Anxiety •
Caregivers • Cross-Sectional Studies • Depression
• Emotions • Female • Humans • Lung
Transplantation • Male • Middle Aged •
Quality of Life* • Stress, Psychological* •
Waiting Lists • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to characterize the
levels of emotional distress and quality of life among
caregivers of lung transplant candidates and to examine the
relation of coping styles and perceived caregiver burden to
caregivers' self-reported emotional distress. METHODS: A
consecutive series of primary caregivers of potential lung
transplant candidates completed a battery of psychosocial
measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory-II
(BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Medical Coping
Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Scale for Caregiver Burden
(SCB), and Medical Outcomes Survey, Short Form-36 (SF-36).
RESULTS: Only 12 of the 82 caregivers (14.6%) who
volunteered for the study reported clinically significant
levels of depression (BDI-II > or =14), and only 2
caregivers (2.4%) reported clinically significant levels of
anxiety (STAI > or =60). Passive coping strategies were
associated with higher levels of emotional distress;
specifically, resignation was associated with increased
depression (r=.27, P<.04), while avoidance was associated
with increased anxiety (r=.29, P<.04). In addition,
caregivers who reported greater perceived caregiver burden
experienced higher levels of depression (r=.45, P<.001) and
anxiety (r=.43, P<.01). Moreover, the social functioning of
caregivers of lung transplant patients was more than one
standard deviation from a normative sample of the population
(Cohen's d=1.16), indicating that caregivers of transplant
patients experienced greater impairment in this area.
CONCLUSIONS: Although most caregivers of transplant patients
do not report significant impairment in functioning,
assessing caregivers' coping strategies and caregiving
burden may identify those caregivers who experience
increased emotional distress.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.03.007},
Key = {fds143877}
}
@article{fds143907,
Author = {LH Powell and D Catellier and KE Freedland and MM Burg and SL Woods and V
Bittner, JE Calvin and JA Blumenthal and ENRICHD
Investigators},
Title = {Depression and heart failure in patients with a new
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {149},
Number = {5},
Pages = {851-5},
Year = {2005},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.007},
Keywords = {Aged • Comorbidity • Depression • Female
• Heart Failure • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Myocardial Infarction • Socioeconomic
Factors • complications* • etiology* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a disabling chronic
illness that is increasing in prevalence. Despite advances
in its medical treatment, little is known about its
psychosocial correlates. This investigation compared the
prevalence of depression in patients with and without HF who
were hospitalized with myocardial infarction (MI) and also
at high psychosocial risk. METHODS: Baseline data from the
2444 participants in the ENRICHD clinical trial were used.
Within 28 days of the MI, all patients were assessed for
depression using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria, for HF based upon left
ventricular dysfunction or history of HF and for demographic
and medical confounders. RESULTS: Eight hundred forty-seven
patients (34.7%) met the criteria for HF. Major depression
was observed in 43% in the HF group compared with 36% in the
non-HF group (P < .001). Multivariate modeling showed a 38%
increase in odds of HF for patients with major depression,
after adjustment for sociodemographic factors and medical
comorbidities (adjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09-1.76).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in patients with
new MI who are at psychosocial risk, major depression is
more prevalent in those who also have HF. Because major
depression undermines adherence and lowers quality of life,
special efforts to diagnose and treat it in post-MI patients
with HF appear warranted.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.007},
Key = {fds143907}
}
@article{fds143842,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and A Sherwood and MA Babyak and LL Watkins and R Waugh and A
Georgiades, SL Bacon and J Hayano and RE Coleman and A
Hinderliter},
Title = {Effects of exercise and stress management training on
markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic
heart disease: a randomized controlled trial.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {293},
Number = {13},
Pages = {1626-34},
Year = {2005},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1538-3598},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.13.1626},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over •
Cardiovascular Diseases • Exercise* • Female
• Heart Function Tests • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • Risk Factors
• Risk Reduction Behavior* • Social Support*
• Stress, Psychological* • epidemiology •
physiopathology* • psychology* •
therapy},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown that
psychosocial factors are associated with increased risk for
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the effects of
behavioral interventions on psychosocial and medical end
points remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect
of 2 behavioral programs, aerobic exercise training and
stress management training, with routine medical care on
psychosocial functioning and markers of cardiovascular risk.
METHODS: Randomized controlled trial of 134 patients (92
male and 42 female; aged 40-84 years) with stable ischemic
heart disease (IHD) and exercise-induced myocardial
ischemia. Conducted from January 1999 to February 2003.
METHODS: Routine medical care (usual care); usual care plus
supervised aerobic exercise training for 35 minutes 3 times
per week for 16 weeks; usual care plus weekly 1.5-hour
stress management training for 16 weeks. METHODS:
Self-reported measures of general distress (General Health
Questionnaire [GHQ]) and depression (Beck Depression
Inventory [BDI]); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
and wall motion abnormalities (WMA); flow-mediated dilation;
and cardiac autonomic control (heart rate variability during
deep breathing and baroreflex sensitivity). RESULTS:
Patients in the exercise and stress management groups had
lower mean (SE) BDI scores (exercise: 8.2 [0.6]; stress
management: 8.2 [0.6]) vs usual care (10.1 [0.6]; P = .02);
reduced distress by GHQ scores (exercise: 56.3 [0.9]; stress
management: 56.8 [0.9]) vs usual care (53.6 [0.9]; P = .02);
and smaller reductions in LVEF during mental stress testing
(exercise: -0.54% [0.44%]; stress management: -0.34%
[0.45%]) vs usual care (-1.69% [0.46%]; P = .03). Exercise
and stress management were associated with lower mean (SE)
WMA rating scores (exercise: 0.20 [0.07]; stress management:
0.10 [0.07]) in a subset of patients with significant
stress-induced WMA at baseline vs usual care (0.36 [0.07]; P
= .02). Patients in the exercise and stress management
groups had greater mean (SE) improvements in flow-mediated
dilation (exercise: mean [SD], 5.6% [0.45%]; stress
management: 5.2% [0.47%]) vs usual care patients (4.1%
[0.48%]; P = .03). In a subgroup, those receiving stress
management showed improved mean (SE) baroreflex sensitivity
(8.2 [0.8] ms/mm Hg) vs usual care (5.1 [0.9] ms/mm Hg; P =
.02) and significant increases in heart rate variability
(193.7 [19.6] ms) vs usual care (132.1 [21.5] ms; P = .04).
CONCLUSIONS: For patients with stable IHD, exercise and
stress management training reduced emotional distress and
improved markers of cardiovascular risk more than usual
medical care alone.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1001/jama.293.13.1626},
Key = {fds143842}
}
@article{fds143779,
Author = {A Rozanski and JA Blumenthal and KW Davidson and PG Saab and L
Kubzansky},
Title = {The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of
psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: the emerging
field of behavioral cardiology.},
Journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
Volume = {45},
Number = {5},
Pages = {637-51},
Year = {2005},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.005},
Keywords = {Affective Symptoms • Arousal • Behavior Therapy*
• Combined Modality Therapy • Comorbidity •
Coronary Artery Disease • Heart • Humans •
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System • Life Style* •
Myocardial Infarction • Patient Care Team •
Pituitary-Adrenal System • Psychotherapy, Brief •
Psychotropic Drugs • Risk Factors • Social
Support* • Stress, Psychological • Sympathetic
Nervous System • complications* • epidemiology
• innervation • physiology • physiopathology
• psychology • psychology* • therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {Observational studies indicate that psychologic factors
strongly influence the course of coronary artery disease
(CAD). In this review, we examine new epidemiologic evidence
for the association between psychosocial risk factors and
CAD, identify pathologic mechanisms that may be responsible
for this association, and describe a paradigm for studying
positive psychologic factors that may act as a buffer.
Because psychosocial risk factors are highly prevalent and
are associated with unhealthy lifestyles, we describe the
potential role of cardiologists in managing such factors.
Management approaches include routinely screening for
psychosocial risk factors, referring patients with severe
psychologic distress to behavioral specialists, and directly
treating patients with milder forms of psychologic distress
with brief targeted interventions. A number of behavioral
interventions have been evaluated for their ability to
reduce adverse cardiac events among patients presenting with
psychosocial risk factors. Although the efficacy of
stand-alone psychosocial interventions remains unclear, both
exercise and multifactorial cardiac rehabilitation with
psychosocial interventions have demonstrated a reduction in
cardiac events. Furthermore, recent data suggest that
psychopharmacologic interventions may also be effective.
Despite these promising findings, clinical practice
guidelines for managing psychosocial risk factors in cardiac
practice are lacking. Thus, we review new approaches to
improve the delivery of behavioral services and patient
adherence to behavioral recommendations. These efforts are
part of an emerging field of behavioral cardiology, which is
based on the understanding that psychosocial and behavioral
risk factors for CAD are not only highly interrelated, but
also require a sophisticated health care delivery system to
optimize their effectiveness.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.005},
Key = {fds143779}
}
@article{fds143787,
Author = {RM Carney and JA Blumenthal and KE Freedland and M Youngblood and RC
Veith, MM Burg and C Cornell and PG Saab and PG Kaufmann and SM
Czajkowski, AS Jaffe and ENRICHD Investigators},
Title = {Depression and late mortality after myocardial infarction in
the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD)
study.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {66},
Number = {4},
Pages = {466-74},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000133362.75075.a6},
Keywords = {Cognitive Therapy* • Combined Modality Therapy •
Depressive Disorder • Female • Follow-Up Studies
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Myocardial Infarction • Personality Inventory •
Proportional Hazards Models • Psychiatric Status Rating
Scales • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors • Sertraline
• Social Support • Survival Analysis •
Treatment Outcome • diagnosis • drug therapy
• mortality* • psychology • therapeutic use*
• therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease
study was a multicenter clinical trial in which patients
with depression and/or low perceived social support after an
acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to an
intervention consisting of cognitive behavior therapy and,
in some cases, sertraline, or to usual care. There was no
difference in survival between the groups. A possible reason
why the intervention failed to affect survival is that too
many patients with mild, transient depression were enrolled.
Another is that some patients died too soon to complete the
intervention. This analysis evaluates whether there was a
difference in late (ie, > or =6 months after the myocardial
infarction) mortality among initially depressed patients who
had a Beck Depression Inventory score > or =10 and a past
history of major depression, and who completed the 6-month
post-treatment assessment. It also examines the relationship
between change in depression and late mortality. METHODS:
Out of the 1,165 (47%) of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease study participants who met our criteria, 57
died in the first 6 months, and 858 (409 usual care, 449
intervention) completed the 6-month assessment. Cox
regression was used to analyze survival. RESULTS: The
intervention did not affect late mortality. However,
intervention patients whose depression did not improve were
at higher risk for late mortality than were patients who
responded to treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients whose
depression is refractory to cognitive behavior therapy and
sertraline, two standard treatments for depression, are at
high risk for late mortality after myocardial
infarction.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1097/01.psy.0000133362.75075.a6},
Key = {fds143787}
}
@article{fds143845,
Author = {JW Hughes and A Tomlinson and JA Blumenthal and J Davidson and MH
Sketch, LL Watkins},
Title = {Social support and religiosity as coping strategies for
anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients.},
Journal = {Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society
of Behavioral Medicine},
Volume = {28},
Number = {3},
Pages = {179-85},
Year = {2004},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0883-6612},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm2803_6},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Aged • Anxiety •
Coronary Disease • Female • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • North Carolina • Religion and
Psychology* • Social Support* • epidemiology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Prospective studies have demonstrated that
anxiety is associated with an increased risk of mortality
and sudden cardiac death. There is therefore a need to
understand what factors contribute to anxiety in patients
with coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE: This study
examined whether social support and religiosity are
individually or jointly associated with lower anxiety in
cardiac patients. METHODS: Anxiety, perceived social
support, and religiosity were assessed in 228 (71% male, 29%
female) hospitalized CHD patients aged 62 +- 11 years.
RESULTS: Higher levels of social support were related to
lower levels of state and trait anxiety (state anxiety, r =
-.26, p < .01; trait anxiety, r = -.30, p < .01;).
Religiosity was related to lower state anxiety (r = -.27, p
< .01) but only modestly related to lower trait anxiety
(trait anxiety, r = -.18, p < .01). The relationship between
religiosity and trait anxiety was no longer significant
after controlling for social support (p = .26). CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest that religiosity and social support
provide a buffer against anxiety in CHD patients and that
higher levels of social support may account for the
relationship between religiosity and trait anxiety. These
findings underscore the importance of social support and
religiosity as buffers against distress, with possible
implications for prognosis in a patient group where high
levels of anxiety appear to confer increased risk of
mortality.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15324796abm2803_6},
Key = {fds143845}
}
@article{fds143894,
Author = {MF Newman and JA Blumenthal and DB Mark},
Title = {Fixing the heart: must the brain pay the
price?},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {110},
Number = {22},
Pages = {3402-3},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {1524-4539},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000150860.91937.ED},
Keywords = {Aged • Aging • Anesthesia, General •
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary • Arteriosclerosis
• Brain Damage, Chronic • Cerebrovascular
Circulation • Clinical Trials as Topic • Cognition
Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass* • Coronary
Disease • Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Multicenter Studies as
Topic • Neuropsychological Tests • Postoperative
Complications • Risk Factors • Stents •
adverse effects • complications • etiology •
prevention & control • prevention & control* •
psychology • surgery},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000150860.91937.ED},
Key = {fds143894}
}
@article{fds143794,
Author = {LM Pierson and SL Bacon and A Sherwood and AL Hinderliter and M Babyak and EC Gullette and R Waugh and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Association between exercise capacity and left ventricular
geometry in overweight patients with mild systemic
hypertension.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {94},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1322-5},
Year = {2004},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.126},
Keywords = {Echocardiography • Exercise Tolerance* • Female
• Humans • Hypertension • Hypertrophy, Left
Ventricular • Male • Middle Aged • Obesity
• Oxygen Consumption • complications •
etiology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the relation
between left ventricular (LV) geometry and exercise capacity
in unmedicated, hypertensive patients. Analysis of the data
revealed peak oxygen consumption (ml kg(-1) min(-1)) for
concentric hypertrophy (corrected mean +/- SE 23.5 +/- 1.2)
was significantly less (F = 3.68, p <0.02) than the
concentric remodeling (28.1 +/- 1.2) and normal (27.3 +/-
0.6) geometries. The LV geometric pattern was found to be
associated with exercise capacity in unmedicated,
hypertensive patients, such that patients with concentric
hypertrophy showed reduced capacity.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.126},
Key = {fds143794}
}
@article{fds143749,
Author = {JW Hughes and L Watkins and JA Blumenthal and C Kuhn and A
Sherwood},
Title = {Depression and anxiety symptoms are related to increased
24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion among healthy
middle-aged women.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {57},
Number = {4},
Pages = {353-8},
Year = {2004},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.02.016},
Keywords = {Anxiety • Arousal • Circadian Rhythm •
Depression • Epinephrine • Female • Humans
• Hydrocortisone • Middle Aged •
Norepinephrine • Statistics as Topic • Survival
Analysis • Sympathetic Nervous System • diagnosis
• mortality • physiology • physiology* •
physiopathology • urine • urine*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Depression is a risk factor for morbidity and
mortality in a variety of populations, and anxiety has also
been associated with risk of mortality among cardiac
patients. Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system may be
involved in this risk. The primary goal of this study was to
evaluate the relationship between levels of self-reported
symptoms of depression and anxiety and 24-hour urinary
catecholamine excretion. METHODS: Ninety-one women aged
47-55 years were evaluated. Depression symptoms were
assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and state
anxiety was assessed with the state anxiety portion (SAI) of
the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Twenty-four hour urine collections were assayed for
epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol (CORT).
EPI, NE and CORT were indexed by body surface area to
control for individual differences in body size. RESULTS:
Higher levels of depression symptoms were associated with
increased 24-hour NE excretion (r=.27, P=.009), with
depressed women (n=17, BDI scores >/=10) exhibiting an
approximately 25% higher rate of urinary NE excretion than
women with BDI scores <10 (n=74), P=.007. Higher levels of
state anxiety were also related to greater NE excretion
(r=.28, P=.01), and CORT excretion was related to both
depression (r=.23, P=.02) and anxiety (r=.22, P=.04).
Depression and anxiety symptoms were unrelated to urinary
EPI excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings that higher
levels of depression and anxiety symptoms are related to
increased 24-hour urinary NE and CORT excretion among women
suggests that depression and anxiety may be associated with
increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, and are
consistent with the possibility that SNS activity may play a
role in the increased mortality associated with depression
in community-dwelling older adults.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.02.016},
Key = {fds143749}
}
@article{fds143831,
Author = {HS Lett and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and A Sherwood and T Strauman and C
Robins, MF Newman},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for coronary artery disease:
evidence, mechanisms, and treatment.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {66},
Number = {3},
Pages = {305-15},
Year = {2004},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
Keywords = {Alcohol Drinking • Antidepressive Agents •
Case-Control Studies • Cause of Death •
Comorbidity • Coronary Disease • Depressive
Disorder • Dexamethasone • Female • Humans
• Hydrocortisone • Longitudinal Studies •
Male • Metabolic Syndrome X • Prognosis •
Psychotherapy • Psychotherapy, Group • Risk
Factors • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors • Smoking
• blood • diagnostic use • epidemiology
• epidemiology* • etiology • mortality •
therapeutic use • therapy},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present paper reviews the evidence that
depression is a risk factor for the development and
progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS:
MEDLINE searches and reviews of bibliographies were used to
identify relevant articles. Articles were clustered by
theme: depression as a risk factor, biobehavioral
mechanisms, and treatment outcome studies. RESULTS:
Depression confers a relative risk between 1.5 and 2.0 for
the onset of CAD in healthy individuals, whereas depression
in patients with existing CAD confers a relative risk
between 1.5 and 2.5 for cardiac morbidity and mortality. A
number of plausible biobehavioral mechanisms linking
depression and CAD have been identified, including treatment
adherence, lifestyle factors, traditional risk factors,
alterations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) and
hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning,
platelet activation, and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: There is
substantial evidence for a relationship between depression
and adverse clinical outcomes. However, despite the
availability of effective therapies for depression, there is
a paucity of data to support the efficacy of these
interventions to improve clinical outcomes for depressed CAD
patients. Randomized clinical trials are needed to further
evaluate the value of treating depression in CAD patients to
improve survival and reduce morbidity.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143831}
}
@article{fds143841,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and RM Carney and M Huber and PG Saab and MM
Burg, D Sheps and L Powell and CB Taylor and PG Kaufmann},
Title = {Exercise, depression, and mortality after myocardial
infarction in the ENRICHD trial.},
Journal = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
Volume = {36},
Number = {5},
Pages = {746-55},
Year = {2004},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
Keywords = {Cognitive Therapy • Depression • Exercise Therapy*
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Myocardial Infarction • Proportional Hazards
Models • Prospective Studies • Risk Factors •
Social Support • complications • etiology •
mortality* • psychology* • rehabilitation* •
therapy},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The large and well-characterized population of
acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients studied in the
recently completed Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart
Disease (ENRICHD) multicenter clinical trial provides a
unique opportunity to examine the importance of
self-reported regular physical exercise in a large cohort of
patients with a recent AMI who are depressed or report low
levels of social support. METHODS: We prospectively examined
the association between self-reported physical exercise and
all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity among 2078
men (N = 1175; 56.5%) and women (N = 903; 43.5%) with an AMI
participating in the ENRICHD Trial. Six months after
suffering an AMI, patients were surveyed about their
exercise habits and were then followed for up to 4 yr.
RESULTS: During an average 2 yr of follow-up, 187 fatal
events occurred. Patients reporting regular exercise had
less than half the events (5.7%) of those patients reporting
they did not regularly exercise (12.0%). After adjustment
for medical and demographic variables, the hazard ratio for
fatal events was 0.62 (95% CI = 0.44-0.86, P = 0.004). The
rate of nonfatal AMI among the exercisers was 6.5% compared
with 10.5% who reported no regular exercise. After
adjustment for covariates, the hazard ratio for nonfatal AMI
was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.52-0.99, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: The
present findings demonstrate the potential value of exercise
in reducing mortality and nonfatal reinfarction in AMI
patients at increased risk for adverse events by virtue of
their either being depressed or having low social
support.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143841}
}
@article{fds143847,
Author = {JW Hughes and A Sherwood and JA Blumenthal and EC Suarez and AL
Hinderliter},
Title = {Hostility, social support, and adrenergic receptor
responsiveness among African-American and white men and
women.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {65},
Number = {4},
Pages = {582-7},
Year = {2004},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
Keywords = {Adrenergic alpha-Agonists • Adrenergic beta-Agonists
• Adult • African Americans • Dose-Response
Relationship, Drug • European Continental Ancestry
Group • Female • Heart Rate • Hostility*
• Humans • Isoproterenol • Male • Men
• Middle Aged • Personal Satisfaction •
Phenylephrine • Questionnaires • Receptors,
Adrenergic, alpha • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta •
Social Support* • Women • drug effects • drug
effects* • pharmacology • physiology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness and hostility and
social support in African American and white men and women.
METHODS: The participants were 149 men and women, aged 25 to
45 years with SBP < 160 and DBP < 105. Hostility and social
support were assessed with standardized self-report
measures. An isoproterenol challenge was used to evaluate
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness, and a phenylephrine
challenge was used to evaluate alpha-adrenergic receptor
responsiveness. RESULTS: Hostility and social support were
unrelated to alpha-adrenergic receptor responsiveness.
Hostility and satisfaction with perceived social support
predicted beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness in
multiple linear regression analyses controlling for race,
gender, age, SBP, and resting heart rate. High hostility was
associated with reduced cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor
function among both white and African American men. Low
levels of satisfaction with social support were associated
with reduced cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness
among men and women. Hostility and satisfaction with social
support shared some variance in models predicting
beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS:
Reduced beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness is
associated with higher levels of hostility among men, and is
associated with lower levels of satisfaction with social
support among men and women. Impaired beta-adrenergic
receptor function, which is a common characteristic of
cardiovascular disease, may be a marker of increased
cardiovascular disease risk among individuals high in
hostility and low in social support.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143847}
}
@article{fds143777,
Author = {FJ Keefe and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Health psychology: what will the future bring?},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {23},
Number = {2},
Pages = {156-7},
Year = {2004},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.23.2.156},
Keywords = {Behavioral Medicine • Cost-Benefit Analysis •
Evidence-Based Medicine • Forecasting • Humans
• Mental Disorders • Mental Health Services •
Population Dynamics • Sociobiology • Systems
Integration • United States • organization &
administration • therapy • trends*},
Abstract = {This commentary highlights several important themes and
trends in this series of articles focusing on the future of
health psychology. First, the challenges posed by changes in
populations will only be met if health psychologists can
develop a contextual competency. Second, with increasing
evidence for the efficacy of health psychology interventions
comes heightened interest in testing the effectiveness of
these interventions. Third, issues of cost-effectiveness of
health psychology will become increasingly important.
Fourth, the growing integration of technological advances
(e.g., telehealth, the Internet) into health psychology has
major implications. Finally, the numerous changes outlined
in this series of articles will demand that health
psychologists extend and refine their theoretical models
including the biopsychosocial model.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1037/0278-6133.23.2.156},
Key = {fds143777}
}
@article{fds143849,
Author = {SL Bacon and A Sherwood and A Hinderliter and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Effects of exercise, diet and weight loss on high blood
pressure.},
Journal = {Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {34},
Number = {5},
Pages = {307-16},
Year = {2004},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • Blood Pressure • Diet* •
Endothelium, Vascular • Exercise • Humans •
Hypertension • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular •
Obesity • Weight Loss • complications •
etiology • methods • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology • physiopathology* •
prevention & control},
Abstract = {High blood pressure (BP) is a major health problem in the
US, affecting more than 50 million people. Although high BP
is among the most common reasons for outpatient visits, BP
control is often inadequate. It is well established that BP
can be lowered pharmacologically in hypertensive
individuals; however, anti-hypertensive medications are not
effective for everyone, and may be costly and result in
adverse effects that impair quality of life and reduce
adherence. Moreover, abnormalities associated with high BP,
such as insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia, may persist
or may even be exacerbated by some anti-hypertensive
medications. Consequently, there has been a great deal of
interest in the development and application of behavioural
interventions in the management of high BP. The main
behavioural interventions that are recommended to reduce BP
are exercise and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet. Weight loss is also recommended for BP
reduction in overweight individuals. Exercise alone is
associated with reductions of approximately 3.5 and 2.0mm Hg
in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP),
respectively. Patients fed a DASH diet (a diet high in
low-fat dairy products and fibre, including fruits and
vegetables) had reductions in SBP and DBP of 5.5 and 3.0mm
Hg, respectively, compared with those consuming a standard
US diet. Reductions of approximately 8.5mm Hg SBP and 6.5mm
Hg DBP accompany weight loss of 8 kg. In overweight
hypertensive patients, a combined exercise and weight-loss
intervention has been shown to decrease SBP and DBP by 12.5
and 7.9 mm Hg, respectively. There is evidence to suggest
that these decreases in BP are associated with improvements
in left ventricular structure and function, and peripheral
vascular health. Both exercise training and weight loss have
been shown to decrease left ventricular mass and wall
thickness, reduce arterial stiffness and improve endothelial
function. These data support the role of behavioural
interventions in the treatment of patients with elevations
in BP.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143849}
}
@article{fds143770,
Author = {B Phillips Bute and J Mathew and JA Blumenthal and K Welsh-Bohmer and WD
White, D Mark and K Landolfo and MF Newman},
Title = {Female gender is associated with impaired quality of life 1
year after coronary artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {65},
Number = {6},
Pages = {944-51},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {1534-7796},
Keywords = {Aged • Anxiety • Cognition Disorders •
Comorbidity • Coronary Artery Bypass • Depression
• Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests
• Postoperative Period • Quality of Life* •
Sex Factors • Single-Blind Method • Social
Behavior • epidemiology • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gender-related differences in quality
of life (QOL) and cognitive function 1 year after coronary
artery bypass surgery (CABG) after adjusting for known
baseline differences. METHODS: Two hundred eighty patients
(96 women and 184 men) underwent neurocognitive and QOL
evaluation at baseline (preoperatively) and at 1 year after
CABG. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the
relationship of gender to follow-up QOL and cognitive
function. Measures used to evaluate QOL were IADL, DASI,
work activities (SF-36), social activities, social support,
general health perception (SF-36), CESD, STAI, and symptom
limitations. Cognitive function was measured with a battery
of performance-based neuropsychological tests, reduced to a
four-cognitive domain scores with factor analysis, and a
self-report measure of cognitive difficulties. Covariates in
multiple regression models included age, years of education,
marital status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, hypertension,
diabetes, race, and baseline QOL/cognitive status. RESULTS:
Female patients showed significantly worse outcome than male
patients at 1 year follow-up in several key areas of QOL.
After adjusting for baseline differences, women are at
greater risk for increased cognitive difficulties (p= 0.04)
and anxiety (p= 0.03), as well as impaired DASI (p= 0.02),
IADL (p= 0.03), and work activities (p= 0.02). Cognitive
sequelae attributable to bypass surgery were similar between
men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Even after adjusting for known
risk factors for compromised QOL and cognitive functioning,
women do not show the same long-term quality benefits of
CABG surgery that men do.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143770}
}
@article{fds143773,
Author = {RM Carney and JA Blumenthal and D Catellier and KE Freedland and LF
Berkman, LL Watkins and SM Czajkowski and J Hayano and AS
Jaffe},
Title = {Depression as a risk factor for mortality after acute
myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {92},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1277-81},
Year = {2003},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Chi-Square
Distribution • Depression • Female • Humans
• Interviews as Topic • Male • Middle Aged
• Myocardial Infarction • Proportional Hazards
Models • Risk Factors • Severity of Illness Index
• Survival Rate • complications • etiology
• mortality* • psychology*},
Abstract = {The ENRICHD clinical trial, which compared an intervention
for depression and social isolation to usual care, failed to
decrease the rate of mortality and recurrent acute
myocardial infarction (AMI) in post-AMI patients. One
explanation for this is that depression was not associated
with increased mortality in these patients. The purpose of
this study was to determine if depression was associated
with an increased risk of mortality in a subsample of the
ENRICHD trial's depressed patients compared with a group of
nondepressed patients recruited for an ancillary study.
Three hundred fifty-eight depressed patients with an acute
AMI from the ENRICHD clinical trial and 408 nondepressed
patients who met the ENRICHD medical inclusion criteria were
followed for up to 30 months. There were 47 deaths (6.1%)
and 57 nonfatal AMIs (7.4%). After adjusting for other risk
factors, depressed patients were at higher risk for
all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 2.4, 95% confidence
interval 1.2 to 4.7) but not for nonfatal recurrent
infarction (hazard ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to
2.0) compared with nondepressed patients. In conclusion,
depression was an independent risk factor for death after
AMI, but it did not have a significant effect on mortality
until nearly 12 months after the acute event, nor did it
predict nonfatal recurrent infarction.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143773}
}
@article{fds143800,
Author = {PI Parekh and JA Blumenthal and MA Babyak and K Merrill and RM Carney and RD Davis and SM Palmer and INSPIRE Investigators},
Title = {Psychiatric disorder and quality of life in patients
awaiting lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {124},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1682-8},
Year = {2003},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
Keywords = {Anxiety Disorders • Female • Health Status •
Humans • Lung Diseases • Lung Transplantation
• Male • Mental Disorders • Middle Aged
• Mood Disorders • Psychiatric Status Rating
Scales • Quality of Life* • Questionnaires •
Stress, Psychological • Waiting Lists • diagnosis
• diagnosis* • etiology • psychology •
psychology* • surgery},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between psychiatric
comorbidity and quality of life in patients awaiting lung
transplantation. METHODS: Duke University Medical
Center/Lung Transplantation Program. METHODS: One hundred
patients with end-stage pulmonary disease listed for lung
transplantation. RESULTS: Twenty-five percent (n = 25) of
the sample met diagnostic criteria for at least one current
mood or anxiety disorder. Controlling for age, gender,
ethnicity, percentage of predicted FEV, and lung disease
diagnosis, patients with a current psychiatric diagnosis
reported poorer general quality of life (p < 0.0001), poorer
disease-specific quality of life (p < 0.0001), greater
shortness of breath (p = 0.01), more symptoms of
psychological distress (p < 0.0001), lower levels of social
support (p < 0.0001), and fewer positive health habits (p <
0.04) than their counterparts without a psychiatric
diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric comorbidity affects a
significant portion of patients awaiting lung
transplantation and is associated with decreased
health-related quality of life.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143800}
}
@article{fds143802,
Author = {LL Watkins and N Schneiderman and JA Blumenthal and DS Sheps and D
Catellier, CB Taylor and KE Freedland and ENRICHD
Investigators},
Title = {Cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression are associated
with medical comorbidity in patients after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-54},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00083-8},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Cognition
Disorders • Comorbidity • Depression •
Depressive Disorder • Dysthymic Disorder • Female
• Hospitalization • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Myocardial Infarction • Odds Ratio
• Statistics as Topic • psychology •
psychology* • therapy},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is common in patients with acute
myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with adverse
health outcomes. However, the extent to which clinical
depression is related to comorbid medical conditions is
unknown. This study examined the degree of association
between clinical depression and medical comorbidity in
patients hospitalized with AMI. METHODS: Two thousand four
hundred and eighty-one depressed or socially isolated
patients with AMI were enrolled, as part of the National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Enhancing
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease clinical trial. A
structured interview was used to diagnose major and minor
depression and dysthymia; severity of depression was
measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the
Beck Depression Inventory. Level of social support was
measured by the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument. A
modified version of the Charlson Comorbidity Index was used
to measure the cumulative burden of medical comorbidity.
RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for having major
depression increased linearly with medical comorbidity (ORs
1.6, 2.2, 2.7 for each increasing medical comorbidity
category). This relationship remained after adjusting for
coronary heart disease severity (ORs 1.4, 1.7, 1.9, P
<.001). The relationship between severity of depression and
medical comorbidity was also maintained after excluding
somatic symptoms of depression (F = 21.5, P <.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AMI and clinical depression have
significantly greater levels of medical comorbidity than
nondepressed, socially isolated patients. Further research
is needed to determine whether comorbid medical illness
contributes to the more frequent rehospitalizations and
increased risk of mortality associated with
depression.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00083-8},
Key = {fds143802}
}
@article{fds143824,
Author = {W Jiang and MA Babyak and A Rozanski and A Sherwood and CM O'Connor and RA
Waugh, RE Coleman and MW Hanson and JJ Morris and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Depression and increased myocardial ischemic activity in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {146},
Number = {1},
Pages = {55-61},
Year = {2003},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00152-2},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Depression • Exercise
Test • Female • Humans • Logistic Models
• Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia
• Stress, Psychological* • Stroke Volume •
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left • physiopathology •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Depression is relatively common in patients with
ischemic heart disease (IHD) and is associated with
increased risk of mortality and morbidity. However, the
mechanisms by which depression adversely affects clinical
outcomes of patients with IHD are unknown. This study
examined the relationship between depression and myocardial
ischemia during mental stress testing and during daily
living in patients with stable IHD.Methods and results The
Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D)
was administered to 135 patients with IHD to evaluate
depressive symptoms. Radionuclide ventriculography was used
to evaluate the occurrence of left ventricular wall motion
abnormality (WMA) during mental stress and exercise testing.
Forty-eight-hour ambulatory electrocardiography was used to
assess myocardial ischemia during daily living. The mean
CES-D score was 8.2 (SD 7.4, range 0-47) with a median of 7.
Logistic regression models using restricted cubic splines
revealed a curvilinear relation among CES-D scores and the
probability of ischemia. For patients with CES-D scores
<or=19 (81.5% of study population), a 5-point increment in
the CES-D score was associated with roughly a 2-fold
increase in the likelihood of ischemia during mental stress.
For patients with CES-D scores >19, the relation among
scores and ischemia during mental stress tended to be
inversely related, but the portion of the sample is very
small. Similar patterns of results were noted for CES-D
scores and ischemia during daily life. CONCLUSIONS: Patients
with mild to moderate depressive symptoms (CES-D scores
<or=19) are more likely to exhibit myocardial ischemia
during mental stress testing and during daily living.
Myocardial ischemia may be one mechanism by which depression
increases the risk of mortality and morbidity in patients
with IHD. The observed inverse association between higher
level of depressive symptoms and ischemic activity needs to
be further assessed in large samples.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00152-2},
Key = {fds143824}
}
@article{fds143960,
Author = {W Jiang and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Depression and ischemic heart disease: overview of the
evidence and treatment implications.},
Journal = {Current psychiatry reports},
Volume = {5},
Number = {1},
Pages = {47-54},
Year = {2003},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {1523-3812},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Depressive
Disorder • Female • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • complications*
• etiology* • psychology* •
therapy*},
Abstract = {In this article, the authors review the evidence that
depression is a risk factor for ischemic heart disease and
examine the efficacy and safety of depression treatments in
patients with ischemic heart disease.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143960}
}
@article{fds143781,
Author = {S Herman and JA Blumenthal and M Babyak and P Khatri and WE Craighead and KR Krishnan and PM Doraiswamy},
Title = {Exercise therapy for depression in middle-aged and older
adults: predictors of early dropout and treatment
failure.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {21},
Number = {6},
Pages = {553-63},
Year = {2002},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Antidepressive
Agents • Anxiety • Combined Modality Therapy
• Depressive Disorder • Exercise Therapy* •
Female • Humans • Logistic Models • Male
• Middle Aged • Patient Compliance* • Patient
Dropouts • Risk Factors • Treatment Failure •
psychology • therapeutic use •
therapy*},
Abstract = {Psychosocial factors predicting treatment dropout or failure
to benefit from treatment were identified in a randomized
trial of exercise therapy and pharmacotherapy for major
depression. One hundred fifty-six men and women over age 50
diagnosed with major depressive disorder were assigned to a
16-week program of aerobic exercise, medication
(sertraline), or a combination of exercise and medication.
Thirty-two patients (21%) failed to complete the program and
were considered treatment "dropouts." At the end of 16
weeks, 83 patients (53%) were in remission; the remaining
patients not in remission were considered treatment
"failures." Baseline levels of self-reported anxiety and
lift satisfaction were the best predictors of both patient
dropout and treatment success or failure across all
treatment conditions.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143781}
}
@article{fds143765,
Author = {MA Napolitano and MA Babyak and S Palmer and V Tapson and RD Davis and JA
Blumenthal, Investigational Study of Psychological
Intervention in Recipients of Lung Transplant (INSPIRE)
Investigators},
Title = {Effects of a telephone-based psychosocial intervention for
patients awaiting lung transplantation.},
Journal = {Chest},
Volume = {122},
Number = {4},
Pages = {1176-84},
Year = {2002},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0012-3692},
Keywords = {Counseling • Female • Humans • Intervention
Studies • Lung Transplantation • Male •
Multivariate Analysis • Probability • Psychology
• Quality of Life* • Reference Values •
Self-Help Groups • Stress, Psychological •
Telecommunications • Waiting Lists* • methods
• organization & administration* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of a tailored
telephone-based intervention consisting of supportive
counseling and cognitive behavioral techniques for
individuals awaiting lung transplantation on measures of
quality of life and general well-being. METHODS: Patients
were randomly assigned to either a telephone-based special
intervention (SI; n = 36) for 8 weeks (average session
length, 16.3 min) or a usual care (UC) control condition (n
= 35) in which subjects received usual medical care but no
special treatment or phone calls. At baseline, and
immediately following the 8-week intervention, patients
completed a psychometric test battery. METHODS: Duke
University Medical Center, Pulmonary Transplantation
Program. METHODS: Seventy-one patients with end-stage
pulmonary disease listed for lung transplantation. Primary
outcome measures: Measures of health-related quality of life
(both general and disease-specific), general psychological
well-being, and social support. RESULTS: Multivariate
analysis of covariance, adjusting for pretreatment baseline
scores, age, gender, and time waiting on the transplant
list, revealed that patients in the SI condition compared to
the UC reported greater general well-being (p < 0.05),
better general quality of life (p < 0.01), better
disease-specific quality of life (p < 0.05), and higher
levels of social support (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: A brief,
relatively inexpensive, telephone-based psychosocial
intervention is an effective method for reducing distress
and increasing health-related quality of life in patients
awaiting lung transplantation.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143765}
}
@article{fds143868,
Author = {M Swaminathan and BJ McCreath and BG Phillips-Bute and MF Newman and JP
Mathew, PK Smith and JA Blumenthal and M Stafford-Smith and Perioperative Outcomes Research Group},
Title = {Serum creatinine patterns in coronary bypass surgery
patients with and without postoperative cognitive
dysfunction.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and analgesia},
Volume = {95},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-8, table of contents},
Year = {2002},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Biological Markers
• Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass
• Creatinine • Factor Analysis, Statistical •
Female • Humans • Kidney Diseases • Kidney
Function Tests • Male • Middle Aged •
Neuropsychological Tests • Postoperative Complications
• Retrospective Studies • Stroke • Treatment
Outcome • adverse effects* • blood* •
etiology* • psychology},
Abstract = {Renal dysfunction is common after coronary artery bypass
graft (CABG) surgery. We have previously shown that CABG
procedures complicated by stroke have a threefold greater
peak serum creatinine level relative to uncomplicated
surgery. However, postoperative creatinine patterns for
procedures complicated by cognitive dysfunction are unknown.
Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that postoperative
cognitive dysfunction is associated with acute perioperative
renal injury after CABG surgery. Data were prospectively
gathered for 282 elective CABG surgery patients.
Psychometric tests were performed at baseline and 6 wk after
surgery. Cognitive dysfunction was defined both as a
dichotomous variable (cognitive deficit [CD]) and as a
continuous variable (cognitive index). Forty percent of
patients had CD at 6 wk. However, the association between
peak percentage change in postoperative creatinine and CD
(parameter estimate = -0.41; P = 0.91) or cognitive index
(parameter estimate = -1.29; P = 0.46) was not significant.
These data indicate that postcardiac surgery cognitive
dysfunction, unlike stroke, is not associated with major
increases in postoperative renal dysfunction. IMPLICATIONS:
We previously noted that patients with postcardiac surgery
stroke also have greater acute renal injury than unaffected
patients. However, in the same setting, we found no
difference in renal injury between patients with and without
cognitive dysfunction. Factors responsible for subtle
postoperative cognitive dysfunction do not appear to be
associated with clinically important renal
effects.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143868}
}
@article{fds143958,
Author = {A Sherwood and EC Gullette and AL Hinderliter and A Georgiades and M
Babyak, RA Waugh and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Relationship of clinic, ambulatory, and laboratory stress
blood pressure to left ventricular mass in overweight men
and women with high blood pressure.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {64},
Number = {2},
Pages = {247-57},
Year = {2002},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal • Blood Pressure Monitoring,
Ambulatory • Cardiac Volume • Echocardiography
• Female • Humans • Hypertension •
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular • Male • Middle Aged
• Obesity • Social Environment* • Stress,
Psychological • complications • physiology* •
physiopathology • physiopathology* • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the
relationship between left ventricular (LV) mass and blood
pressure (BP) recorded in the following contexts: in the
clinic, using standard auscultatory procedures, during a
typical day using ambulatory BP monitoring, and in the
laboratory environment during behavioral stress testing.
METHODS: Ninety-seven men and women with clinic systolic
blood pressure (SBP) of 130 to 180 mm Hg and/or diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) of 85 to 110 mm Hg and mild to moderate
obesity were included in the study. Laboratory stressors
included the following tasks: Public Speaking; Anger
Interview; Mirror Trace; and Cold Pressor. LV mass was
measured using echocardiography and adjusted for body size
by dividing by height(2.7) to yield LV mass index (LVMI).
RESULTS: LVMI was positively correlated with clinic SBP (r =
0.24, p <.05), ambulatory SBP (r = 0.34, p <.01), and
aggregated laboratory stress SBP (r = 0.28, p <.01). Of the
individual stressors, only SBP responses to the Mirror Trace
and Cold Pressor tasks were independently correlated with
LVMI (r = 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, p values <.01).
Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that laboratory
stress SBP remained a significant predictor of LVMI, after
controlling for BMI and clinic pressure. CONCLUSIONS: These
findings suggest that cardiovascular responses to behavioral
stress are associated with individual differences in LVMI in
men and women with high blood pressure who are overweight.
Laboratory studies of behavioral stress may help promote our
understanding of the pathophysiology of LVH.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143958}
}
@article{fds143933,
Author = {AL Hinderliter and A Sherwood and JA Blumenthal and KC Light and SS
Girdler, J McFetridge and K Johnson and R Waugh},
Title = {Changes in hemodynamics and left ventricular structure after
menopause.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {7},
Pages = {830-3},
Year = {2002},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {African Americans • Blood Pressure • Blood
Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory • Echocardiography
• European Continental Ancestry Group • Female
• Heart Ventricles • Hemodynamics* • Humans
• Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular • Middle Aged
• Postmenopause* • Premenopause • United
States • anatomy & histology* • epidemiology
• pathology • pathology* • physiopathology
• statistics & numerical data* •
ultrasonography},
Abstract = {To evaluate the cardiovascular changes associated with
menopause, we studied hemodynamics at rest, ambulatory blood
pressure, and left ventricular structure in a biracial
cohort of pre- and postmenopausal women of similar age,
race, weight, and blood pressure. Despite similar levels of
blood pressure, postmenopausal women had a higher indexed
peripheral resistance (2,722 +/- 757 vs 2,262 +/- 661
dynes.s.m(2)/cm(5), p <0.01) and a lower cardiac index (2.64
+/- 0.73 vs 3.10 +/- 0.71 L/min.m(2), p <0.01) than
premenopausal women. Postmenopausal women also had less
nocturnal decreases in both systolic (15 +/- 8 vs 19 +/- 8
mm Hg, p <0.01) and diastolic (12 +/- 6 vs 15 +/- 6 mm Hg, p
= 0.05) pressures during ambulatory monitoring and higher
levels of hematocrit (40 +/- 2% vs 38 +/- 3%, p <0.01). In
association with this greater hemodynamic load,
postmenopausal women had evidence of early concentric left
ventricular remodeling, manifested by a greater relative
wall thickness (0.38 +/- 0.06 vs 0.35 +/- 0.06, p <0.01)
than that observed in premenopausal women. Differences
between pre- and postmenopausal women in hemodynamics,
diurnal blood pressure variation, and left ventricular
structure were observed in white and African-American
subjects. These results suggest that menopause is associated
with hemodynamic changes and left ventricular remodeling,
which may contribute to the enhanced cardiovascular risk
observed in postmenopausal women.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143933}
}
@article{fds143910,
Author = {LL Watkins and JA Blumenthal and RM Carney},
Title = {Association of anxiety with reduced baroreflex cardiac
control in patients after acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {143},
Number = {3},
Pages = {460-6},
Year = {2002},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {1097-6744},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Anxiety • Baroreflex* • Blood
Pressure • Depression • Female • Heart Rate
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Multivariate Analysis • Myocardial Infarction •
Respiration • physiology* • physiopathology*
• psychology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although depression has been associated with
increased mortality in patients after acute myocardial
infarction (AMI), little is known about the effects of
depression on autonomic nervous system control of heart
rate. This study evaluated whether depression is associated
with impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in patients with
AMI. METHODS: Two hundred four hospitalized patients with
AMI were evaluated 6 +/- 3 (mean +/- SD) days after AMI. BRS
was assessed using cross-spectral analysis to measure
baroreceptor-mediated R-R interval oscillations. Depression
was determined using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, and
severity of depressive symptoms was measured with the Beck
Depression Inventory. In order to adjust for possible
differences in anxiety, we also measured state anxiety using
the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: Depression
was not significantly related to BRS. However, anxiety was
significantly related to low BRS in multivariate analysis,
after the potentially confounding variables of age, blood
pressure, and respiratory frequency were controlled for.
Comparison of groups with high and low anxiety (on the basis
of a median split of state anxiety scores) showed that BRS
was reduced by approximately 20% in the patients with the
higher anxiety scores (4.7 +/- 3.2 ms/mm Hg vs 5.7 +/- 3.3
ms/mm Hg, P <.05), after adjustment for differences in age,
blood pressure, and respiratory frequency. CONCLUSIONS: High
levels of anxiety, but not depression, are associated with
reduced vagal control in patients after AMI.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143910}
}
@article{fds143788,
Author = {TO Stanley and GB Mackensen and HP Grocott and WD White and JA
Blumenthal, DT Laskowitz and KP Landolfo and JG Reves and JP Mathew and MF Newman and Neurological Outcome Research Group and CARE
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center},
Title = {The impact of postoperative atrial fibrillation on
neurocognitive outcome after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and analgesia},
Volume = {94},
Number = {2},
Pages = {290-5, table of contents},
Year = {2002},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
Keywords = {Aged • Atrial Fibrillation • Cognition Disorders
• Coronary Artery Bypass • Female • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Prospective Studies
• Psychological Tests • Risk Factors •
adverse effects* • diagnosis • etiology* •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Neurocognitive decline is a continuing source of morbidity
after cardiac surgery. Atrial fibrillation occurs often
after cardiac surgery and has been linked to adverse
neurologic events. We sought to determine whether
postoperative atrial fibrillation was associated with
postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Four-hundred-eleven
patients were enrolled to receive a battery of
neurocognitive tests both preoperatively and 6 wk after
elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Neurocognitive test scores were separated into four
cognitive domains, with a composite cognitive index (the
mean of the four domain scores) determined for each patient
at every testing period. Multivariable analysis controlling
for age, years of education, diabetes mellitus, left
ventricular ejection fraction, and preoperative atrial
fibrillation compared the presence of postoperative atrial
fibrillation with change in cognitive function.
Three-hundred-eight patients completed both pre- and
postoperative cognitive testing; 69 patients (22%) had
postoperative atrial fibrillation. Those who developed
atrial fibrillation showed more cognitive decline than those
who did not develop postoperative atrial fibrillation (P =
0.036). Atrial fibrillation was associated with poorer
cognitive function 6 wk after surgery. Although the
mechanism of this association is yet to be determined,
prevention of atrial fibrillation may result in improved
neurocognitive function. IMPLICATIONS: Neurocognitive
dysfunction is common after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery. The relationship between atrial fibrillation and
neurocognitive dysfunction has not been examined. Our study
shows that postoperative atrial fibrillation is associated
with neurocognitive decline.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143788}
}
@article{fds143783,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and M Babyak and J Wei and C O'Connor and R Waugh and E
Eisenstein, D Mark and A Sherwood and PS Woodley and RJ Irwin and G
Reed},
Title = {Usefulness of psychosocial treatment of mental
stress-induced myocardial ischemia in men.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {2},
Pages = {164-8},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Behavior Therapy • Exercise
Therapy • Health Care Costs • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • Poisson
Distribution • Risk Factors • Stress,
Psychological • Treatment Outcome • complications*
• etiology • prevention & control* •
psychology* • therapy*},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of exercise and stress
management training on clinical outcomes and medical
expenditures over a 5-year follow-up period in 94 male
patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) and
evidence of ambulatory or mental stress-induced myocardial
ischemia. Patients were randomly assigned to 4 months of
aerobic exercise 3 times per week or to a 1.5-hour weekly
class on stress management; patients who lived too far from
Duke to participate in the weekly treatments formed the
usual care control group. Follow-up was performed at the end
of treatment and annually thereafter for 5 years. Stress
management was associated with a significant reduction in
clinical CAD events relative to usual care over each of the
first 2 years of follow-up and after 5 years. Economic
analyses revealed that stress management was associated with
lower medical costs than usual care and exercise in the
first 2 years, and that the cumulative cost over 5 years was
also lower for stress management relative to usual care.
These results suggest that there may be clinical and
economic benefit to offering the type of preventive stress
management and exercise interventions provided to patients
with myocardial ischemia. Moreover, these findings suggest
that the financial benefits that accrue from an
appropriately targeted intervention may be substantial and
immediate.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143783}
}
@article{fds143737,
Author = {AM Grigore and HP Grocott and JP Mathew and B Phillips-Bute and TO
Stanley, A Butler and KP Landolfo and JG Reves and JA Blumenthal and MF
Newman, Neurologic Outcome Research Group of the Duke Heart
Center},
Title = {The rewarming rate and increased peak temperature alter
neurocognitive outcome after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and analgesia},
Volume = {94},
Number = {1},
Pages = {4-10, table of contents},
Year = {2002},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
Keywords = {Body Temperature* • Cardiopulmonary Bypass •
Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Female • Humans • Hypothermia, Induced •
Linear Models • Male • Middle Aged •
Neurologic Examination • Neuropsychological Tests
• Postoperative Complications • Prospective
Studies • Rewarming • Risk Factors •
Single-Blind Method • adverse effects* • diagnosis
• etiology* • methods*},
Abstract = {Neurocognitive dysfunction is a common complication after
cardiac surgery. We evaluated in this prospective study the
effect of rewarming rate on neurocognitive outcome after
hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). After IRB approval
and informed consent, 165 coronary artery bypass graft
surgery patients were studied. Patients received similar
surgical and anesthetic management until rewarming from
hypothermic (28 degrees -32 degrees C) CPB. Group 1
(control; n = 100) was warmed in a conventional manner (4
degrees -6 degrees C gradient between nasopharyngeal and CPB
perfusate temperature) whereas Group 2 (slow rewarm; n = 65)
was warmed at a slower rate, maintaining no more than 2
degrees C difference between nasopharyngeal and CPB
perfusate temperature. Neurocognitive function was assessed
at baseline and 6 wk after coronary artery bypass graft
surgery. Univariable analysis revealed no significant
differences between the Control and Slow Rewarming groups in
the stroke rate. Multivariable linear regression analysis,
examining treatment group, diabetes, baseline cognitive
function, and cross-clamp time revealed a significant
association between change in cognitive function and rate of
rewarming (P = 0.05). IMPLICATIONS: Slower rewarming during
cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was associated with better
cognitive performance at 6 wk. These results suggest that a
slower rewarming rate with lower peak temperatures during
CPB may be an important factor in the prevention of
neurocognitive decline after hypothermic
CPB.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143737}
}
@article{fds143905,
Author = {RM Carney and JA Blumenthal and PK Stein and L Watkins and D Catellier and LF Berkman and SM Czajkowski and C O'Connor and PH Stone and KE
Freedland},
Title = {Depression, heart rate variability, and acute myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {104},
Number = {17},
Pages = {2024-8},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {1524-4539},
Keywords = {Autonomic Nervous System • Confounding Factors
(Epidemiology) • Demography • Depression •
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory • Female • Heart
Conduction System • Heart Rate* • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Multivariate Analysis •
Myocardial Infarction • Neuropsychological Tests •
Risk Factors • Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
• Social Isolation • complications •
mortality • physiopathology • physiopathology*
• therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clinical depression is associated with an
increased risk for mortality in patients with a recent
myocardial infarction (MI). Reduced heart rate variability
(HRV) has been suggested as a possible explanation for this
association. The purpose of this study was to determine if
depression is associated with reduced HRV in patients with a
recent MI. RESULTS: Three hundred eighty acute MI patients
with depression and 424 acute MI patients without depression
were recruited. All underwent 24-hour ambulatory
electrocardiographic monitoring after hospital discharge. In
univariate analyses, 4 indices of HRV were significantly
lower in patients with depression than in patients without
depression. Variables associated with HRV were then compared
between patients with and without depression, and potential
confounds were identified. These variables (age, sex,
diabetes, and present cigarette smoking) were entered into
an analysis of covariance model, followed by depression
status. In the final model, all but one HRV index
(high-frequency power) remained significantly lower in
patients with depression than in patients without
depression. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that greater autonomic
dysfunction, as reflected by decreased HRV, is a plausible
mechanism linking depression to increased cardiac mortality
in post-MI patients.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143905}
}
@article{fds143820,
Author = {PR Steffen and A Sherwood and EC Gullette and A Georgiades and A
Hinderliter, JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on blood pressure during
daily life.},
Journal = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
Volume = {33},
Number = {10},
Pages = {1635-40},
Year = {2001},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Analysis of Variance
• Blood Pressure • Exercise • Female •
Humans • Hypertension • Male • Middle Aged
• Monitoring, Ambulatory • Outcome Assessment
(Health Care) • Stress, Psychological • Weight
Loss • physiology* • physiopathology •
psychology • therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate
the effects of exercise training and weight loss on blood
pressure (BP) associated with physical activity and
emotional stress during daily life. METHODS: One hundred
twelve participants with unmedicated high normal or stage 1
to stage 2 hypertension were randomized to one of three
conditions: a combined exercise and behavioral weight
management group (WM), an exercise-only group (EX), or a
wait list control group (CON). BP was assessed in the clinic
and during 15 h of daytime ambulatory BP monitoring at
baseline and after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS: Increased
levels of physical activity and emotional distress measured
during daily life were associated with increases in systolic
blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart
rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP). After treatment,
the WM group had significantly lower DBP, HR, and RPP
responses during both high and low levels of physical
activity and emotional distress compared with the CON group.
The EX group had similar BP levels as the WM group, although
the EX group had significantly lower BP than the CON group
during low but not high levels of physical activity and
emotional distress. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate
that exercise, especially when combined with weight loss,
reduces BP levels at rest and in situations that typically
elevate BP such as intense physical activity and emotional
distress.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143820}
}
@article{fds143902,
Author = {MA Napolitano and S Head and MA Babyak and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome:
psychological and behavioral characteristics.},
Journal = {The International journal of eating disorders},
Volume = {30},
Number = {2},
Pages = {193-203},
Year = {2001},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0276-3478},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Anxiety •
Bulimia • Circadian Rhythm • Cross-Sectional
Studies • Feeding Behavior • Female • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Obesity •
Questionnaires • Syndrome • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to examine the
psychological and behavioral characteristics associated with
both night eating syndrome (NES) and binge eating disorder
(BED) in 42 males and 41 females who were enrolled in a
university-based weight loss center. METHODS: Individuals
were classified into one of four groups: NES only (N = 23),
BED only (N = 13), both NES and BED (N = 13), or no
diagnoses of an eating disorder (N = 34). Analyses of
covariance (covarying for age and gender) were conducted to
compare patients with BED and NES. RESULTS: NES patients
scored lower on disinhibition than BED patients (p <.01).
Also, individuals who met criteria for both disorders scored
higher than NES only patients on state anxiety (p <.01),
disinhibition (p =.08), and trait anxiety (p =.08).
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NES represents a
subcategory among the obese, which also overlaps with binge
eaters. In addition, anxiety distinguished individuals who
met criteria for both disorders from patients who were
diagnosed with either NES or BED.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143902}
}
@article{fds143934,
Author = {M Babyak and JA Blumenthal and S Herman and P Khatri and M Doraiswamy and K
Moore, WE Craighead and TT Baldewicz and KR Krishnan},
Title = {Exercise treatment for major depression: maintenance of
therapeutic benefit at 10 months.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {62},
Number = {5},
Pages = {633-8},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Antidepressive Agents • Combined Modality Therapy
• Depressive Disorder, Major • Exercise* •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Middle
Aged • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales •
Sertraline • Severity of Illness Index • diagnosis
• therapeutic use* • therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the
status of 156 adult volunteers with major depressive
disorder (MDD) 6 months after completion of a study in which
they were randomly assigned to a 4-month course of aerobic
exercise, sertraline therapy, or a combination of exercise
and sertraline. METHODS: The presence and severity of
depression were assessed by clinical interview using the
Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the Hamilton Rating Scale
for Depression (HRSD) and by self-report using the Beck
Depression Inventory. Assessments were performed at
baseline, after 4 months of treatment, and 6 months after
treatment was concluded (ie, after 10 months). RESULTS:
After 4 months patients in all three groups exhibited
significant improvement; the proportion of remitted
participants (ie, those who no longer met diagnostic
criteria for MDD and had an HRSD score <8) was comparable
across the three treatment conditions. After 10 months,
however, remitted subjects in the exercise group had
significantly lower relapse rates (p = .01) than subjects in
the medication group. Exercising on one's own during the
follow-up period was associated with a reduced probability
of depression diagnosis at the end of that period (odds
ratio = 0.49, p = .0009). CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals
with MDD, exercise therapy is feasible and is associated
with significant therapeutic benefit, especially if exercise
is continued over time.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143934}
}
@article{fds143853,
Author = {MF Newman and JL Kirchner and B Phillips-Bute and V Gaver and H Grocott and RH Jones and DB Mark and JG Reves and JA Blumenthal and Neurological
Outcome Research Group and the Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Research Endeavors Investigators},
Title = {Longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function after
coronary-artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {The New England journal of medicine},
Volume = {344},
Number = {6},
Pages = {395-402},
Year = {2001},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0028-4793},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200102083440601},
Keywords = {Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Cognition Disorders •
Coronary Artery Bypass* • Female • Humans •
Incidence • Linear Models • Logistic Models •
Longitudinal Studies • Male • Memory Disorders
• Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests •
Postoperative Complications* • Risk Factors •
diagnosis • epidemiology • etiology •
etiology*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline complicates early recovery
after coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and may be
evident in as many as three quarters of patients at the time
of discharge from the hospital and a third of patients after
six months. We sought to determine the course of cognitive
change during the five years after CABG and the effect of
perioperative decline on long-term cognitive function.
METHODS: In 261 patients who underwent CABG, neurocognitive
tests were performed preoperatively (at base line), before
discharge, and six weeks, six months, and five years after
CABG surgery. Decline in postoperative function was defined
as a drop of 1 SD or more in the scores on tests of any one
of four domains of cognitive function. (A reduction of 1 SD
represents a decline in function of approximately 20
percent.) Overall neurocognitive status was assessed with a
composite cognitive index score representing the sum of the
scores for the individual domains. Factors predicting
long-term cognitive decline were determined by multivariable
logistic and linear regression. RESULTS: Among the patients
studied, the incidence of cognitive decline was 53 percent
at discharge, 36 percent at six weeks, 24 percent at six
months, and 42 percent at five years. We investigated
predictors of cognitive decline at five years and found that
cognitive function at discharge was a significant predictor
of long-term function (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results
confirm the relatively high prevalence and persistence of
cognitive decline after CABG and suggest a pattern of early
improvement followed by a later decline that is predicted by
the presence of early postoperative cognitive decline.
Interventions to prevent or reduce short- and long-term
cognitive decline after cardiac surgery are
warranted.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1056/NEJM200102083440601},
Key = {fds143853}
}
@article{fds143772,
Author = {P Khatri and M Babyak and ND Croughwell and R Davis and WD White and MF
Newman, JG Reves and DB Mark and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Temperature during coronary artery bypass surgery affects
quality of life.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {71},
Number = {1},
Pages = {110-6},
Year = {2001},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Aged • Anxiety • Coronary Artery Bypass* •
Depression • Female • Health Status Indicators
• Humans • Hypothermia, Induced* • Male
• Middle Aged • Postoperative Period •
Prospective Studies • Quality of Life*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to examine the
effects of temperature on a variety of indices of
psychologic adjustment and quality of life. METHODS: A total
of 209 patients randomly received normothermic (warm) or
hypothermic (cold) conditions during coronary artery bypass
surgery (CABS), and a number of physical, social, and
psychologic measures were assessed before as well as 6 weeks
and 6 months after CABS. RESULTS: Repeated measures analyses
of covariance revealed significant temperature group main
effects for anxiety (p = 0.008) and depression (p = 0.039),
with the normothermic group obtaining lower anxiety and
depression levels than the hypothermic group at both 6 weeks
and 6 months after surgery. Additionally, among patients who
entered the study with higher depression levels, those in
the hypothermic group tended to have higher depression
scores at follow-up compared with patients in the
normothermic condition (p = 0.012). No temperature group
differences were observed on other quality of life indices.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that
hypothermic conditions during CABS are associated with
higher levels of emotional distress after CABS than
normothermic conditions, particularly for patients with
greater stress to begin with.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143772}
}
@article{fds138199,
Title = {Khatri, P., Babyak, M.A., Croughwell, N., Davis, R., White,
W., Newman, M., Reves, J.G., Mark, D.B., and Blumenthal,
J.A. Temperature During Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Affects Quality of Life. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 71:
110-116, 2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138199}
}
@article{fds138200,
Title = {Steffen, P.R., Hinderliter, A.L., Blumenthal, J.A. &
Sherwood, A. Religious coping and ambulatory blood pressure:
The moderating effects of ethnicity. Psychosomatic Medicine,
63, 523-530, 2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138200}
}
@article{fds138232,
Title = {Khatri, P., Blumenthal, J.A., Babyak, M.A., Craighead, W.E.,
Herman, S., Baldewicz, T., Madden, D.J., Doraiswamy, M.,
Waugh, R., and Krishnan, K.R. Effects of Exercise Training
on Cognitive Functioning among Depressed Older Men and
Women. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 9: 43-57,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138232}
}
@article{fds138233,
Title = {Newman, M.F., Kirchner, J.L., Phillips-Bute, B., Gaver, V.,
Grocott, H., Jones, R.H., Mark, D.B., Reves, J.G., and
Blumenthal, J.A. for the Neurological Outcome Research Group
and the Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Research Endeavors
Investigators. Longitudinal Assessment of Neurocognitive
Function After Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery. The New
England Journal of Medicine, 344, 6: 395-402,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138233}
}
@article{fds138234,
Title = {The ENRICHD Investigators. Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease (ENRICHD): Baseline Characteristics. The
American Journal of Cardiology, 88: 316-322,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138234}
}
@article{fds138235,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Hart, A., Sherwood, A., Doraiswamy, M.,
Herman, S., Watkins, L., Hinderliter, A., Gullette, E., and
Krishnan, R. Depression and Vascular Function in Older
Adults. North Carolina Medical Journal, 62, 2: 95-98,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138235}
}
@article{fds138236,
Title = {Sherwood, A., Thurston, R., Steffen, P., Blumenthal, J.A.,
Waugh, R.A. & Hinderliter, A.L. Menopause and Ethnicity
affect Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping in Women. American
Journal of Hypertension, 14, 749-754, 2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138236}
}
@article{fds138237,
Title = {The ENRICHD Investigators, Enhancing Recovery in Coronary
Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Study Intervention: Rational and
Design. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63: 747-755,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138237}
}
@article{fds138238,
Title = {Ti LK, Mathew JP, Mackensen GB, Grocott HP, White WD, Reves
JG, Newman MF for the C.A.R.E. Investigators. Effects of
apolipoprotein E genotype on cerebral autoregulation during
cardiopulmonary bypass. Stroke, 32: 1514-1519,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138238}
}
@article{fds138239,
Title = {Newman MF, Grocott HP, Mathew JP, White WD, Landolfo K,
Reves JG, Laskowitz DT, Mark DB, Blumenthal JA, Neurological
Outcome Research Group and CARE Investigators of the Duke
Heart Center. Report of the substudy assessing the impact of
neurocognitive function on quality of life five years after
cardiac surgery. Stroke, 32: 2874-2881, 2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138239}
}
@article{fds138240,
Title = {Grigore AM, Mathew J, Grocott HP, Reves JG, Blumenthal JA,
White WD, Smith PK, Jones RH, Kirchner JL, Mark DB, Newman
MF, Neurological Outcome Research Group*and C.A.R.E.
Investigators of the Duke Heart Center. A prospective
randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic
cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary
artery bypass graft surgery. Anesthesiology, 95: 1110-1119,
2001.},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds138240}
}
@article{fds143925,
Author = {A Georgiades and A Sherwood and EC Gullette and MA Babyak and A
Hinderliter, R Waugh and D Tweedy and L Craighead and R Bloomer and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Effects of exercise and weight loss on mental stress-induced
cardiovascular responses in individuals with high blood
pressure.},
Journal = {Hypertension},
Volume = {36},
Number = {2},
Pages = {171-6},
Year = {2000},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0194-911X},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure • Body Weight •
Cardiac Output • Cardiovascular System • Diastole
• Exercise • Female • Heart Rate •
Hemodynamics • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Physical Fitness • Stress, Psychological •
Stroke Volume • Systole • Vascular Resistance
• Weight Loss • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology*},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of
exercise and weight loss on cardiovascular responses during
mental stress in mildly to moderately overweight patients
with elevated blood pressure. Ninety-nine men and women with
high normal or unmedicated stage 1 to stage 2 hypertension
(systolic blood pressure 130 to 179 mm Hg, diastolic blood
pressure 85 to 109 mm Hg) underwent a battery of mental
stress tests, including simulated public speaking, anger
recall interview, mirror trace, and cold pressor, before and
after a 6-month treatment program. Subjects were randomly
assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: (1) aerobic exercise, (2)
weight management combining aerobic exercise with a
behavioral weight loss program, or (3) waiting list control
group. After 6 months, compared with control subjects,
participants in both active treatment groups had lower
levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,
total peripheral resistance, and heart rate at rest and
during mental stress. Compared with subjects in the control
group, subjects in the exercise and weight management groups
also had greater resting stroke volume and cardiac output.
Diastolic blood pressure was lower for the weight management
group than for the exercise-only group during all mental
stress tasks. These results demonstrate that exercise,
particularly when combined with a weight loss program, can
lower both resting and stress-induced blood pressure levels
and produce a favorable hemodynamic pattern resembling that
targeted for antihypertensive therapy.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143925}
}
@article{fds143834,
Author = {KP Grichnik and AJ Ijsselmuiden and TA D'Amico and DH Harpole Jr and WD
White, JA Blumenthal and MF Newman},
Title = {Cognitive decline after major noncardiac operations: a
preliminary prospective study.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {68},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1786-91},
Year = {1999},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Brain Damage, Chronic •
Cognition Disorders • Female • Follow-Up Studies
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Neuropsychological Tests • Postoperative Complications
• Risk Factors • Thoracic Diseases •
diagnosis • etiology* • surgery*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiac operations frequently are complicated by
postoperative cognitive decline. Less common and less
studied is postoperative cognitive decline after noncardiac
surgery, so we determined its incidence, severity, and
possible predictors. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients who had
thoracic and vascular procedures were studied. A
neurocognitive test battery was administered preoperatively
and 6 to 12 weeks postoperatively. A change score
(preoperative minus postoperative) was calculated for each
measure in each individual. Cognitive deficit (a measure of
incidence) was defined as a 20% decrement in 20% or more of
the completed tests. The average scores of all tests and the
average decline (a measure of severity) were determined.
RESULTS: The incidence of cognitive deficit was 44.8%.
Overall the severity of the decline was an average of 15%
decline. In the 44.8% of patients who had cognitive deficit,
the severity was 24.7%. Multivariable predictors of
cognitive decline were age (for incidence and severity) and
years of education (for severity). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive
decline after noncardiac operations is a frequent
complication of surgical procedures. The severity could
preclude successful return to a preoperative
lifestyle.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143834}
}
@article{fds143826,
Author = {A Sherwood and K Johnson and JA Blumenthal and AL
Hinderliter},
Title = {Endothelial function and hemodynamic responses during mental
stress.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {365-70},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological • Adult • Brachial
Artery • Endothelium, Vascular • Female •
Hemodynamics • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Risk Factors • Stress, Psychological •
Vascular Resistance • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology* • ultrasonography},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The hemodynamic basis of blood pressure responses
during psychological stress shows striking individual
differences that share an interesting similarity with risk
for cardiovascular disease. Factors accounting for these
individual differences are poorly understood. The present
study examined the relationship of vascular endothelial
function to stress-induced hemodynamic responses. METHODS:
Subjects were 40 healthy men and women, aged 25 to 44 years.
Hemodynamic responses were assessed during exposure to a
battery of four diverse laboratory stressors.
Endothelium-dependent arterial dilation (EDAD) was measured
by ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery in response to
reactive hyperemia. RESULTS: High EDAD response was
associated with lower resting systolic (p < .01) and
diastolic blood pressure (p < .05). EDAD response was
unrelated to blood pressure responses during stress.
However, systemic vascular resistance responses during
laboratory stress were significantly greater (p < .02) for
individuals with low EDAD responses. CONCLUSIONS:
Exaggerated systemic vascular resistance responses during
stress may reflect endothelial dysfunction. This association
may help explain the growing evidence of a relationship
between stress hemodynamics and cardiovascular disease risk.
The nature of this association is discussed in terms of a
possible interplay between the sympathetic nervous system
and the endothelium in regulation of vascular
tone.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143826}
}
@article{fds143948,
Author = {LL Watkins and P Grossman and R Krishnan and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Anxiety reduces baroreflex cardiac control in older adults
with major depression.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {61},
Number = {3},
Pages = {334-40},
Year = {1999},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Anxiety •
Arrhythmias, Cardiac • Baroreflex* • Blood
Pressure • Depressive Disorder, Major • Female
• Heart Conduction System • Heart Rate •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Psychiatric
Status Rating Scales • physiology • physiology*
• physiopathology • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Although depression and anxiety predict risk of
cardiac mortality, the contributions of depression and
anxiety to vagal cardiac control have not been
systematically evaluated. The goal of this study was to
examine the relationship between state anxiety and vagal
control of heart rate in older adults with major depressive
disorder (MDD). Older adults (50-70 years old) were selected
for this study because of the greater cardiac risk
associated with low vagal cardiac control across this age
range. METHODS: Fifty-six men and women with MDD were
evaluated. MDD was diagnosed using the Diagnostic Interview
Schedule, and severity of depression was measured using the
Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Rating Scale for
depression. State anxiety was measured using the Spielberger
State Anxiety Inventory. Power spectral analysis was used to
measure two indices of vagal control: baroreflex control of
heart rate (BRC(SPEC)) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia
(RSA). RESULTS: State anxiety was negatively correlated with
levels of BRC(SPEC) (r = -0.32, p < .05), whereas depression
severity was not related to either RSA or BRC(SPEC).
Furthermore, BRC(SPEC) was reduced by approximately 33% in
MDD patients with state anxiety scores (ST-ANX) in the
highest quartile (ST-ANX > 41, N = 13), compared with
patients with ST-ANX scores in the lowest quartile (ST-ANX <
25, N = 14; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, but not
depression severity, is associated with reduced BRC(SPEC) in
older men and women. Future studies are needed to determine
whether comorbid anxiety contributes to the increased
cardiovascular risk associated with MDD.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143948}
}
@article{fds143927,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and A Sherwood and M Babyak and R Thurston and D Tweedy and A
Georgiades, EC Gullette and P Khatri and P Steffan and R Waugh and K
Light, A Hinderliter},
Title = {Mental stress and coronary disease. The Smart-Heart
Study.},
Journal = {North Carolina medical journal},
Volume = {60},
Number = {2},
Pages = {95-9},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
Keywords = {Electrocardiography • Exercise Therapy • Humans
• Myocardial Ischemia • North Carolina •
Research • Stress, Psychological* • psychology*
• therapy},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143927}
}
@article{fds143892,
Author = {KL Dominick and EC Gullette and MA Babyak and KL Mallow and A Sherwood and R Waugh and M Chilikuri and FJ Keefe and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Predicting peak oxygen uptake among older patients with
chronic illness.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation},
Volume = {19},
Number = {2},
Pages = {81-9},
Year = {1999},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Analysis of Variance •
Blood Pressure • Chronic Disease • Data
Interpretation, Statistical • Electrocardiography
• Exercise Test* • Female • Fibromyalgia
• Heart Rate • Humans • Hypertension •
Male • Middle Aged • Models, Biological •
Oxygen Consumption* • Pulmonary Gas Exchange •
Respiration • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To compare three equations developed to predict
VO2 among patients diagnosed with one of two chronic
diseases: essential hypertension (HTN), and fibromyalgia
(FM). The equations included the American College of Sports
Medicine (ACSM) equation, the FAST equation developed from
the Fitness and Arthritis in Seniors Trial (FAST), and an
equation developed by Foster et al. METHODS: One hundred
twenty-two HTN subjects and 68 FM subjects completed a
maximum exercise test according to the Duke/Wake Forest
protocol. Measured peak VO2 was then compared with the VO2
predicted by the ACSM, FAST and FOSTER equations, using
several statistical methods. RESULTS: The ACSM equation
overpredicted peak VO2 in the HTN group by 10.0 +/- 4.0
mL/kg-1/min-1, and in the FM group by 8.6 +/- 4.9
mL/kg-1/min-1 (P < 0.0001). The FAST equation, however,
underestimated peak VO2 by 1.5 +/- 4.2 mL/kg-1/min-1 (P <
0.01) and 1.0 +/- 3.3 mL/kg-1/min-1 (P < 0.0001) in the HTN
and FM groups, respectively. The FOSTER equation
overestimated peak VO2 by 2.3 +/- 3.6 mL/kg-1/min-1 in the
HTN group and by 2.1 +/- 3.5 mL/kg-1/min-1 in the FM group
(P < 0.0001). A large degree of variability was found for
each of the equations. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this
investigation indicate that all three equations produced
peak VO2 values that were statistically different from
measured values. Although the ACSM equation overestimated
VO2 by more than 2 metabolic equivalents (METs) in each
patient group, both the FAST and FOSTER equations produced
differences that were less than 1 MET. Further research is
needed to examine the FAST and FOSTER equations among other
patient populations and with other exercise
protocols.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143892}
}
@article{fds143947,
Author = {P Khatri and M Babyak and C Clancy and R Davis and N Croughwell and M
Newman, JG Reves and DB Mark and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Perception of cognitive function in older adults following
coronary artery bypass surgery.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {18},
Number = {3},
Pages = {301-6},
Year = {1999},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Aged • Anxiety Disorders • Cognition Disorders
• Coronary Artery Bypass • Depressive Disorder
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Self-Assessment • diagnosis* • etiology
• psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of coronary artery bypass
grafting (CABG) on objective and subjective measures of
neurocognitive functioning. Participants were 170 older
patients (127 men and 43 women; mean age = 61 years)
undergoing CABG. Measures of neurocognitive function,
depression, anxiety, and perceived cognitive abilities were
administered immediately prior to and 6 weeks following
surgery. Although objective measures of impaired cognitive
performance following CABG were not related to perceived
cognitive difficulties, the presence of anxiety and
depression was related to the perception of cognitive
functioning. Patients who reported high levels of anxiety
and depression 6 weeks after surgery perceived themselves as
having poorer cognitive function. Interventions designed to
reduce emotional distress could improve patient's perceived
cognitive abilities following CABG.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143947}
}
@article{fds143953,
Author = {A Rozanski and JA Blumenthal and J Kaplan},
Title = {Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of
cardiovascular disease and implications for
therapy.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {99},
Number = {16},
Pages = {2192-217},
Year = {1999},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {1524-4539},
Keywords = {Animals • Anxiety • Cardiovascular Diseases •
Depression • Humans • Macaca fascicularis •
Mental Disorders • Personality* • Social Isolation
• Social Support • Stress, Psychological •
physiopathology • physiopathology* • psychology*
• therapy*},
Abstract = {Recent studies provide clear and convincing evidence that
psychosocial factors contribute significantly to the
pathogenesis and expression of coronary artery disease
(CAD). This evidence is composed largely of data relating
CAD risk to 5 specific psychosocial domains: (1) depression,
(2) anxiety, (3) personality factors and character traits,
(4) social isolation, and (5) chronic life stress.
Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship
between these entities and CAD can be divided into
behavioral mechanisms, whereby psychosocial conditions
contribute to a higher frequency of adverse health
behaviors, such as poor diet and smoking, and direct
pathophysiological mechanisms, such as neuroendocrine and
platelet activation. An extensive body of evidence from
animal models (especially the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca
fascicularis) reveals that chronic psychosocial stress can
lead, probably via a mechanism involving excessive
sympathetic nervous system activation, to exacerbation of
coronary artery atherosclerosis as well as to transient
endothelial dysfunction and even necrosis. Evidence from
monkeys also indicates that psychosocial stress reliably
induces ovarian dysfunction, hypercortisolemia, and
excessive adrenergic activation in premenopausal females,
leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. Also reviewed are
data relating CAD to acute stress and individual differences
in sympathetic nervous system responsivity. New technologies
and research from animal models demonstrate that acute
stress triggers myocardial ischemia, promotes
arrhythmogenesis, stimulates platelet function, and
increases blood viscosity through hemoconcentration. In the
presence of underlying atherosclerosis (eg, in CAD
patients), acute stress also causes coronary
vasoconstriction. Recent data indicate that the foregoing
effects result, at least in part, from the endothelial
dysfunction and injury induced by acute stress.
Hyperresponsivity of the sympathetic nervous system,
manifested by exaggerated heart rate and blood pressure
responses to psychological stimuli, is an intrinsic
characteristic among some individuals. Current data link
sympathetic nervous system hyperresponsivity to accelerated
development of carotid atherosclerosis in human subjects and
to exacerbated coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in
monkeys. Thus far, intervention trials designed to reduce
psychosocial stress have been limited in size and number.
Specific suggestions to improve the assessment of behavioral
interventions include more complete delineation of the
physiological mechanisms by which such interventions might
work; increased use of new, more convenient "alternative"
end points for behavioral intervention trials; development
of specifically targeted behavioral interventions (based on
profiling of patient factors); and evaluation of previously
developed models of predicting behavioral change. The
importance of maximizing the efficacy of behavioral
interventions is underscored by the recognition that
psychosocial stresses tend to cluster together. When they do
so, the resultant risk for cardiac events is often
substantially elevated, equaling that associated with
previously established risk factors for CAD, such as
hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143953}
}
@article{fds143818,
Author = {RA Carels and R Szczepanski and JA Blumenthal and A
Sherwood},
Title = {Blood pressure reactivity and marital distress in employed
women.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {60},
Number = {5},
Pages = {639-43},
Year = {1998},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Body Mass Index • Female • Heart Rate
• Humans • Hypertension • Marriage •
Stress, Psychological • Women, Working •
diagnosis* • physiology • psychology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The impact of marital distress on cardiovascular
responses to an "ecologically valid" laboratory stressor (a
marital conflict recall task) was examined in maritally
distressed and non-distressed women. It was hypothesized
that the presence of high levels of marital distress would
be associated with elevated blood pressure and heart rate
responses to a marital conflict task. METHODS: Fifty
married, employed women, aged 25-45, were recruited into
high and low marital distress groups, based on total scores
on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Subjects participated in
three laboratory stress tasks: a marital conflict recall
task, a work conflict recall task, and a serial subtraction
task. RESULTS: During the marital conflict recall task,
women characterized as high in marital distress exhibited
higher systolic blood pressure (M = 21.4 +/- 9.1 vs. 17.3
+/- 7.7) (p < .05) and heart rate (M = 13.6 +/- 9.5 vs. 10.9
+/- 6.5) (p < .01) responses, compared with low-distress
women. However, the association between marital distress and
cardiovascular response was statistically significant only
after aggregate responses to the control stressors were used
as covariates. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the
stress associated with recalling a marital conflict was
manifest in elevated blood pressure and heart rate,
particularly among women characterized as experiencing high
levels of distress in their marriage. Future research is
needed to determine whether the blood pressure differences
between women who are satisfied with their marriage, versus
those that are chronically distressed are clinically
meaningful. In addition, examination of the "ecological
validity" of laboratory stressors suggests that a useful
methodology may be to assess task responses, while
controlling for nonspecific individual differences in
cardiovascular reactivity.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143818}
}
@article{fds143944,
Author = {EL Rosenberg and P Ekman and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Facial expression and the affective component of cynical
hostility in male coronary heart disease
patients.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {17},
Number = {4},
Pages = {376-80},
Year = {1998},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Adult • Affect* • Aged • Coronary Disease
• Defense Mechanisms • Facial Expression* •
Hostility* • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Personality Inventory • Sick Role* • Social
Distance • Type A Personality •
psychology*},
Abstract = {This study describes the affective component of hostility as
measured by the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale (Ho; W. Cook &
D. Medley, 1954) by examining the relationship between
facial expressions of emotion and Ho scores in 116 male
coronary heart disease patients. Patients underwent the
videotaped Type A Structured Interview, from which facial
expressions were later coded using the Facial Action Coding
System. They also completed the Cook-Medley Ho scale. Facial
expression of the emotion of contempt was significantly
related to Ho scores; anger expression was not. Also, there
was a significant interaction between hostility and
defensiveness, wherein low-defensive, highly hostile people
showed substantially more contempt expression than others.
The implications of these findings for the construct
validity of Ho and for identifying clinically important
subtypes of hostility are discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143944}
}
@article{fds143750,
Author = {RA Carels and A Sherwood and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Psychosocial influences on blood pressure during daily
life.},
Journal = {International journal of psychophysiology : official journal
of the International Organization of Psychophysiology},
Volume = {28},
Number = {2},
Pages = {117-29},
Year = {1998},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0167-8760},
Keywords = {Animals • Blood Pressure • Emotions • Humans
• Psychophysiology* • Social Environment* •
physiology • physiology*},
Abstract = {Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring allows frequent
non-invasive blood pressure (BP) recordings in a variety of
settings. Emerging evidence suggests that ABP is a better
predictor of cardiovascular morbidity than clinic BP.
Ambulatory blood pressure is influenced by a variety of
physical, psychological and behavioral factors that comprise
an individual's daily life. The present article reviews
psychosocial research relating ABP to psychological factors
(e.g. Type A behavior pattern, anger/hostility) and
environmental influences (e.g. job strain). Psychological
factors and environmental factors alone and in interaction
with each other appear to substantially influence ABP.
Interacting physical, psychosocial and behavioral factors
that comprise daily life provide unique methodological
challenges to ABP research. Methodological considerations
(e.g. activity patterns, caffeine and alcohol consumption)
for performing ABP research are discussed. Evidence outlined
in this review suggests that psychosocial factors contribute
to ABP level. To the extent that psychosocial factors
contribute to ABP cardiac disease, it will be important to
analyze their effects on underlying disease
processes.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143750}
}
@article{fds143790,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and C O'Connor and A Hinderliter and K Fath and SB Hegde and G Miller and J Puma and W Sessions and D Sheps and B Zakhary and RB
Williams},
Title = {Psychosocial factors and coronary disease. A national
multicenter clinical trial (ENRICHD) with a North Carolina
focus.},
Journal = {North Carolina medical journal},
Volume = {58},
Number = {6},
Pages = {440-4},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
Keywords = {Clinical Trials as Topic • Coronary Disease •
Depression • Female • Humans • Male •
Multicenter Studies as Topic • Prognosis • Social
Isolation • Socioeconomic Factors • complications
• psychology* • therapy •
therapy*},
Abstract = {In addition to traditional risk factors (cigarette smoking,
high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol) psychosocial
factors (depression, social isolation, and low socioeconomic
status) have an adverse impact on prognosis of patients with
CAD. Several studies of psychosocial and behavioral
treatments provide encouraging evidence for the clinical
efficacy of psychosocial interventions in CAD patients. A
new, multicenter clinical trial now underway (see sidebar)
will evaluate the impact of psychosocial interventions
(compared to usual care) on all-cause mortality and nonfatal
MI in post-MI patients with depression or perceived low
levels of social support or both.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143790}
}
@article{fds143742,
Author = {DJ Madden and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Interaction of hypertension and age in visual selective
attention performance.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {17},
Number = {1},
Pages = {76-83},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Aged • Aging •
Analysis of Variance • Attention • Blood Pressure
• Cognition • Female • Humans •
Hypertension • Male • Middle Aged • Reaction
Time • Regression Analysis • Visual Acuity •
Visual Perception • Wechsler Scales • physiology*
• psychology*},
Abstract = {Previous research suggests that some aspects of cognitive
performance decline as a joint function of age and
hypertension. In this experiment, 51 unmedicated individuals
with mild essential hypertension and 48 normotensive
individuals, 18-78 years of age, performed a visual search
task. The estimated time required to identify a display
character and shift attention between display positions
increased with age. This attention shift time did not differ
significantly between hypertensive and normotensive
participants, but regression analyses indicated some
mediation of the age effect by blood pressure. For
individuals less than 60 years of age, the error rate was
greater for hypertensive than for normotensive participants.
Although the present design could detect effects of only
moderate to large size, the results suggest that effects of
hypertension may be more evident in a relatively general
measure of performance (mean error rate) than in the speed
of shifting visual attention.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143742}
}
@article{fds143903,
Author = {KA Moore and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Exercise training as an alternative treatment for depression
among older adults.},
Journal = {Alternative therapies in health and medicine},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {48-56},
Year = {1998},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {1078-6791},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Complementary
Therapies* • Depression • Exercise* • Female
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
psychology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {This article reviews the current literature related to
exercise treatment and depression among older adults.
Results from investigational studies support the
antidepressive effects of exercise programs. Aerobic
exercise is more effective than placebo or no treatment
controls, and appears to be as effective as more traditional
treatment methods. However, a number of potential
methodological problems leave the issue of exercise therapy
for the treatment of depression unsettled. Some possible
directions for future research are discussed, along with
clinical recommendations.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143903}
}
@article{fds143959,
Author = {MA Hlatky and C Bacon and D Boothroyd and E Mahanna and JG Reves and MF
Newman, I Johnstone and C Winston and MM Brooks and AD Rosen and DB
Mark, B Pitt and W Rogers and T Ryan and R Wiens and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Cognitive function 5 years after randomization to coronary
angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft
surgery.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {96},
Number = {9 Suppl},
Pages = {II-11-4; discussion II-15},
Year = {1997},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary*
• Cognition* • Coronary Artery Bypass* •
Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronary bypass surgery often leads to
short-term cognitive dysfunction, whereas coronary
angioplasty does not. Perioperative cognitive dysfunction
usually resolves, although a subgroup of surgical patients
may continue to exhibit long-term cognitive dysfunction. The
purpose of this study was to compare cognitive function 5
years after randomization to a strategy of either initial
coronary surgery or initial angioplasty. RESULTS: Five
centers in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization
Investigation participated in this ancillary study. Patients
with multivessel coronary disease randomized to angioplasty
or surgery were eligible at the time of their 5-year clinic
visit. A battery of five measures previously shown to be
sensitive to perioperative changes in cognitive function was
administered, including the Logical and Figural Memory
Scales from the Wechsler Memory Scale, the Digit Symbol and
Digit Span subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Scale, and Part B of the Reitan Trail Making Test. The 125
study patients were generally similar to the 133 patients
who were eligible but did not participate, although study
participants were significantly younger (P=.003). The 64
patients randomly assigned to angioplasty had baseline
characteristics similar to those of 61 patients randomly
assigned to surgery. Cognitive function scores were not
significantly different between angioplasty or surgery
patients in an intention-to-treat analysis (P=.57). There
also was no difference in cognitive function scores when the
data were analyzed according to whether the patient had ever
undergone bypass surgery (P=.59). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term
cognitive function is similar after coronary bypass surgery
and coronary angioplasty in the majority of
patients.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143959}
}
@article{fds143778,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and W Jiang and MA Babyak and DS Krantz and DJ Frid and RE
Coleman, R Waugh and M Hanson and M Appelbaum and C O'Connor and JJ
Morris},
Title = {Stress management and exercise training in cardiac patients
with myocardial ischemia. Effects on prognosis and
evaluation of mechanisms.},
Journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
Volume = {157},
Number = {19},
Pages = {2213-23},
Year = {1997},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0003-9926},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)
• Electrocardiography, Ambulatory • Exercise*
• Female • Follow-Up Studies • Humans •
Lipids • Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial
Ischemia • Stress, Psychological • blood •
complications • etiology • psychology* •
therapy*},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that
myocardial ischemia can be elicited by mental stress in the
laboratory and during daily life and that ischemia induced
by mental stress is associated with an increased risk for
future cardiac events in patients with coronary artery
disease. OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent to which ischemia
induced by mental stress can be modified by exercise stress
management, and to evaluate the impact of these
interventions on clinical outcomes. METHODS: One hundred
seven patients with coronary artery disease and ischemia
documented during mental stress testing or ambulatory
electrocardiographic monitoring were randomly assigned to a
4-month program of exercise or stress management training.
Patients living at a distance from the facility formed a
nonrandom, usual care comparison group. Myocardial ischemia
was reassessed following treatment, and patients were
contacted annually for as long as 5 years to document
cardiac events, including death, nonfatal myocardial
infarction, and cardiac revascularization procedures.
RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (21%) experienced at least 1
cardiac event during a mean (+/- SD) follow-up period of 38
+/- 17 months. Stress management was associated with a
relative risk of 0.26 compared with controls. The relative
risk for the exercise group also was lower than that of
controls, but the effect did not reach statistical
significance. Stress management also was associated with
reduced ischemia induced by mental stress and ambulatory
ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that behavioral
interventions offer additional benefit over and above usual
medical care in cardiac patients with evidence of myocardial
ischemia.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143778}
}
@article{fds143896,
Author = {LJ Luecken and EC Suarez and CM Kuhn and JC Barefoot and JA Blumenthal and IC Siegler and RB Williams},
Title = {Stress in employed women: impact of marital status and
children at home on neurohormone output and home
strain.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {59},
Number = {4},
Pages = {352-9},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal • Child • Epinephrine •
Family Characteristics* • Female • Humans •
Hydrocortisone • Internal-External Control •
Marital Status* • Middle Aged • Norepinephrine
• Parenting • Risk Factors • Single Parent
• Stress, Psychological • Women, Working •
Workload • complications* • physiology* •
physiopathology • psychology • psychology* •
urine*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological and psychological
effects of role overload, we examined the effects of marital
(or partnership) status and parental status (defined as
having children at home) on daily excretion of urinary
catecholamines and cortisol in a sample of 109 employed
women. Other measures included work and home strain, and
social support. METHODS: Urine collection was conducted on
two consecutive workdays in three separate aliquots, a)
overnight, b) daytime, and c) evening. Repeated-measures
analysis of covariance with age and caffeine consumption as
covariates was conducted on levels of epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and cortisol in the three aliquots averaged
across the 2 days. RESULTS: We found a significant main
effect of parental status on 24-hour cortisol excretion, (p
< .01) such that women with at least one child living at
home excreted significantly more cortisol, independent of
marital status or social support. Women with children at
home also reported higher home strain (p < .001) but not
work strain. A significant period of day effect for
catecholamine levels was found (norepinephrine, p < .001;
epinephrine, p < .0001) with all subjects showing an
increase during the workday and little or no decline in
levels during the evening. Catecholamine levels were
unrelated to marital status, parental status, or social
support. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that working
women with children at home, independent of marital status
or social support, excrete greater amounts of cortisol and
experience higher levels of home strain than those without
children at home.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143896}
}
@article{fds143775,
Author = {JM Murkin and DA Stump and JA Blumenthal and G McKhann},
Title = {Defining dysfunction: group means versus incidence
analysis--a statement of consensus.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {64},
Number = {3},
Pages = {904-5},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Behavior • Brain • Cardiac Surgical Procedures
• Cognition Disorders • Humans • Incidence
• Neuropsychological Tests • Practice (Psychology)
• Reproducibility of Results • Treatment Outcome
• adverse effects* • diagnosis* • etiology
• physiology},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143775}
}
@article{fds143880,
Author = {J Hayano and W Jiang and R Waugh and C O'Connor and D Frid and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Stability over time of circadian rhythm of variability of
heart rate in patients with stable coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {American heart journal},
Volume = {134},
Number = {3},
Pages = {411-8},
Year = {1997},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-8703},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Circadian Rhythm* • Coronary
Disease • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory • Female
• Heart Rate • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Reproducibility of Results • physiology*
• physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Reproducibility of circadian rhythm of variability in heart
rate was studied in 40 patients with stable coronary artery
disease who underwent 48-hour ambulatory
electrocardiographic recordings at baseline (time 1) and
after 4 months (time 2). The standard deviation of the R-R
interval and the low-frequency (0.04 to 0.15 Hz) and
high-frequency (0.15 to 0.45 Hz) components of variability
in heart rate were assessed every 5 minutes. In 35 patients
a significant circadian rhythm was observed at both time 1
and time 2 in the standard deviation of the R-R interval,
with the acrophase occurring at around 5:00 AM, in the
high-frequency amplitude with the acrophase around 3:00 AM,
and in the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio with the
acrophase around noon. In these patients, parameters of
circadian rhythm (mesor, amplitude, and acrophase) showed
good within-individual reproducibility with an intraclass
correlation coefficient of 0.63 to 0.95 (p < 0.001 for all).
In the patients who showed inconsistency about the
significance of circadian rhythm between time 1 or time 2,
the amplitude of circadian rhythm, even if significant, was
found in the lowest five values in the distribution. We
conclude that the circadian rhythms of cardiac autonomic
activity are stable over time within individual patients
with stable coronary artery disease.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143880}
}
@article{fds143943,
Author = {EC Gullette and JA Blumenthal and M Babyak and W Jiang and RA Waugh and DJ
Frid, CM O'Connor and JJ Morris and DS Krantz},
Title = {Effects of mental stress on myocardial ischemia during daily
life.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {277},
Number = {19},
Pages = {1521-6},
Year = {1997},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Coronary Disease •
Data Collection • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory
• Emotions • Female • Heart Rate •
Humans • Logistic Models • Male • Middle Aged
• Myocardial Ischemia • Prospective Studies •
Risk Factors • Stress, Psychological • diagnosis
• etiology* • physiology* • physiopathology
• physiopathology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative risk of myocardial
ischemia triggered by specific emotions during daily life.
METHODS: Relative risk was calculated by the recently
developed case-crossover method, in which the frequency of a
presumed trigger during nonischemic, or control, hours is
compared with the trigger's frequency during ischemic, or
case, hours. Outpatients at Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, NC, underwent 48 hours of ambulatory
electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring with concurrent
self-report measures of activities and emotions. Occurrences
of negative emotions in the hour before the onset of
myocardial ischemia were compared with their usual frequency
based on all hours in which ischemia did not occur. METHODS:
From a sample of 132 patients with coronary artery disease
and recent evidence of exercise-induced ischemia who
underwent 48 hours of ambulatory ECG monitoring, 58 patients
exhibited ambulatory ischemia and were included in the
analysis. METHODS: Myocardial ischemia during 48-hour ECG
monitoring was defined as horizontal or downsloping
ST-segment depression of 1 mm (0.1 mV) or more for 1 minute
or longer compared with resting baseline. The ECG data were
cross-tabulated with subjects' concurrent diary ratings of 3
negative emotions-tension, sadness, and frustration-and 2
positive emotions-happiness and feeling in contro-on a
5-point scale of intensity. RESULTS: The unadjusted relative
risk of occurrence of myocardial ischemia in the hour
following high levels of negative emotions was 3.0 (95%
confidence interval [CI], 1.5-5.9; P<.01) for tension, 2.9
(95% CI, 1.0-8.0; P<.05) for sadness, and 2.6 (95% CI,
1.3-5.1; P<.01) for frustration. The corresponding risk
ratios adjusted for physical activity and time of day were
2.2 (95% CI, 1.1 -4.5; P<.05) for tension, 2.2 (95% CI,
0.7-6.4; P=.16) for sadness, and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1-4.3;
P<.05) for frustration. CONCLUSIONS: Mental stress during
daily life, including reported feelings of tension,
frustration, and sadness, can more than double the risk of
myocardial ischemia in the subsequent hour. The clinical
significance of mental stress-induced ischemia during daily
life needs to be further evaluated.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143943}
}
@article{fds138197,
Title = {Siegler, I.C., Blumenthal, J.A., Barefoot, J.C., Peterson,
B.L., Saunders, W.B., Dahlstrom, W.G., Costa, P.T., Suarez,
E.C., Helms, M.J., Maynard, K.E. & Williams, R.B.
Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior
in men and women. Women's Health: Research on Gender,
Behavior, and Policy, 3(1): 61-70, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138197}
}
@article{fds138198,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., O'Conner, C., Hinderliter, A., Fath, K.,
Hegde, S.B., Miller, G., Puma, J., Sessions, W., Sheps, D.,
Zakhary, B., Williams, R.B. Psychosocial Factors in Coronary
Disease:a national multicenter clincial trial (ENRICHD) with
a North Carolina focus. North Carolina Medical Journal, 58:6
440-444, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138198}
}
@article{fds138226,
Title = {Gullette, E.C.D., Blumenthal, J.A., Babyak, M., Jiang, W.,
Waugh, R.A., Frid, D.J., O'Connor, C.M., Morris, J.J. &
Krantz, D.S. Effects of mental stress on myocardial ischemia
during daily life. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 277: 1521-1526, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138226}
}
@article{fds138227,
Title = {Szczepanski, R., Napolitano, M., Feaganes, J.R., Barefoot,
J.C., Luecken, L., Swoap, R., Kuhn, C., Suarez, E., Siegler,
I., Williams, R.B. & Blumenthal, J.A. Relation of mood
ratings and neurohormonal responses during daily life in
employed women. International Journal of Behavioral
Medicine, 4: 1-16, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138227}
}
@article{fds138228,
Title = {Luecken, L.J., Suarez, E.C., Kuhn, C.M., Barefoot, J.C.,
Blumenthal, J.A., Siegler, I.C. & Williams, R.B. Stress in
employed women: Impact of marital status and children at
home on neurohormone output and home strain. Psychosomatic
Medicine, 59: 352-359, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138228}
}
@article{fds138229,
Title = {Williams, R.B., Barefoot, J.C., Blumenthal, J.A., Helms,
M.J., Luecken, L., Pieper, C.F., Siegler, I.C. & Suarez,
E.C. Psychosocial correlates of job strain in a sample of
working women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54: June,
1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138229}
}
@article{fds138230,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Jiang, W., Babyak, M., Krantz, D., Frid,
D., Coleman, R.E., Waugh, R., Hanson, M., Appelbaum, M.,
O'Connor, C. & Morris, J.J. Stress management and exercise
training in cardiac patients with myocardial ischemia:
effects on prognosis and evaluation of mechanisms. Archives
of Internal Medicine, 157: 2213-2223, 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138230}
}
@article{fds138231,
Title = {Hayano, J., Jiang, W., Waugh, R., O'Connor, C., Frid, D.,
Blumenthal, J. Stability over time of circadian rhythm of
variability of heart rate in patients with stable coronary
heart disease. American Heart Journal, 134:3 411-417,
September 1997.},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds138231}
}
@article{fds143759,
Author = {HC Siegler and JA Blumenthal and JC Barefoot and BL Peterson and WB
Saunders, WG Dahlstrom and PT Costa Jr and EC Suarez and MJ Helms and KE
Maynard, RB Williams},
Title = {Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior
in men and women.},
Journal = {Women's health (Hillsdale, N.J.)},
Volume = {3},
Number = {1},
Pages = {61-70},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1077-2928},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Chi-Square Distribution
• Cohort Studies • Confidence Intervals •
Exercise • Female • Follow-Up Studies •
Forecasting • Humans • Logistic Models • MMPI
• Male • North Carolina • Odds Ratio •
Personality* • Sex Factors • psychology* •
statistics & numerical data*},
Abstract = {Personality assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI) in college was used to predict
exercise behavior measured at midlife in 3,630 men and 796
women enrolled in the University of North Carolina Alumni
Heart Study. Logistic regression models were fitted for each
of the MMPI clinical scales to test the predictive effect of
personality, gender, and their interaction on adult exercise
behavior. Lower depression, social introversion, and
psychopathic deviance scores were associated with increased
probability of exercising in midlife for both men and women.
Furthermore, better psychological health (indexed by lower
hypochondriases and psychasthenia) in college was generally
predictive of increased exercise for men, whereas higher
scores on these same factors predicted midlife exercise for
women. There were two other patterns of gender interactions:
(a) for men, lower scores on hysteria and schizophrenia
scales were associated with increased probability of
exercising at midlife, whereas these factors were unrelated
to exercise for women and (b) for women, lower ego strength
and higher college scores on paranoia and mania were
associated with exercise behavior at midlife. These data
suggest that early adulthood personality predictors of
exercise behavior at midlife are both gender-neutral and
gender-specific; that is, where no gender differences exist,
healthier personality traits predict exercise at midlife,
and when gender differences do occur, healthier college
patterns of personality predict exercise behavior for men
and sedentary behavior for women.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143759}
}
@article{fds143883,
Author = {R Szczepanski and M Napolitano, JR Feaganes and JC Barefoot and L
Luecken, RS Swoap and C Kuhn and E Suarez and IC Siegler and RB
Williams, JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during
daily life in employed women.},
Journal = {International journal of behavioral medicine},
Volume = {4},
Number = {1},
Pages = {1-16},
Year = {1997},
ISSN = {1070-5503},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_1},
Abstract = {Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine,
cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101
employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive
workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and
(3) evening. Self-reports of 14 mood states were combined to
correspond with the urinary collection periods. Factor
analyses revealed 3 mood factors: Pressured (rushed, busy,
stressed, hassled, and tense), Distressed (afraid,
depressed, bored, and nervous), and Contented (satisfied,
thoughtful, excited, and calm). The Distressed factor was
significantly associated with norepinephrine excretion (p
<.001). The Pressured factor was significantly associated
with cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine excretion (p
<.001) independent of age, ethnicity, marital status,
parental status, department within the company and activity
level. Secretion of urinary hormones and the Pressured
factor followed the same diurnal pattern. Specifically, as
women's self-ratings of feeling pressured initially
increased and then decreased over the course of the workday,
urinary hormones also peaked and then dropped. Once time of
day was statistically controlled, however, the mood factors
were no longer significantly related to the urinary
hormones.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_1},
Key = {fds143883}
}
@article{fds143893,
Author = {FJ Keefe and S Kashikar-Zuck and J Opiteck and E Hage and L Dalrymple and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Pain in arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders: the role of
coping skills training and exercise interventions.},
Journal = {The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical
therapy},
Volume = {24},
Number = {4},
Pages = {279-90},
Year = {1996},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0190-6011},
Keywords = {Arthritis • Behavior Therapy • Exercise Therapy
• Humans • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Pain,
Intractable • Prognosis • complications •
methods • physiopathology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {There is growing recognition of the limitations of
conventional, biomedical approaches to the management of
pain in individuals having arthritis and musculoskeletal
disorders. This article provides an overview of newly
developed biopsychosocial approaches to the management of
pain in this population. The presentation is divided into
three sections. In the first section, a biopsychosocial
model of pain is presented. This model highlights the role
that biological factors (eg., disease severity, comorbid
conditions), cognitive-behavioral factors (eg., thoughts,
emotions, and behaviors), and environmental factors (eg.,
spouse or family responses to pain behavior) can play in
influencing the pain experience. In the second section, we
provide an overview of two newly developed treatment
protocols based on the biopsychosocial model of pain: a pain
coping skills training protocol and an exercise training
protocol. Practical aspects of implementing these protocols
are illustrated by highlighting how they are applied in the
management of patients having persistent osteoarthritic
pain. In the final section of the article, we pinpoint
several important future directions for research in this
area. Future studies need to explore the utility of
combining pain coping skills and exercise training
protocols. In addition, there is a need to identify
variables that predict patients' response to biopsychosocial
treatments.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143893}
}
@article{fds143807,
Author = {JC Barefoot and MJ Helms and DB Mark and JA Blumenthal and RM Califf and TL
Haney, CM O'Connor and IC Siegler and RB Williams},
Title = {Depression and long-term mortality risk in patients with
coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {78},
Number = {6},
Pages = {613-7},
Year = {1996},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Depression • Depressive
Disorder • Female • Follow-Up Studies •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Risk •
Severity of Illness Index • Survival Analysis •
complications* • mortality*},
Abstract = {Previous research has established that patients with
coronary artery disease (CAD) have an increased risk of
death if they are depressed at the time of hospitalization.
Follow-up periods have been short in these studies;
therefore, the present investigation examined this
phenomenon over an extended period of time. Patients with
established CAD (n = 1,250) were assessed for depression
with the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and
followed for subsequent mortality. Follow-up ranged up to
19.4 years. SDS scores were associated with increased risk
of subsequent cardiac death (p = 0.002) and total mortality
(p < 0.001) after controlling for initial disease severity
and treatment. Patients with moderate to severe depression
had a 69% greater odds of cardiac death and a 78% greater
odds of mortality from all causes than nondepressed
patients. Increased risk was not confined to the initial
months after hospitalization. Patients with high SDS scores
at baseline still had a higher risk of cardiac death > 5
years later (p < 0.005). Compared with the nondepressed,
patients with moderate to severe depression had an 84%
greater risk 5 to 10 years later and a 72% greater risk
after > 10 years. Patients with mild depression had
intermediate levels of risk in all models. The heightened
long-term risk of depressed patients suggests that
depression may be persistent or frequently recurrent in CAD
patients and is associated with CAD progression, triggering
of acute events, or both.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143807}
}
@article{fds143924,
Author = {W Jiang and MA Trauner and RE Coleman and RA Waugh and MW Hanson and DJ
Frid, BG Phillips and JJ Morris Jr and C O'Connor and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Association of physical fitness and transient myocardial
ischemia in patients with coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation},
Volume = {15},
Number = {6},
Pages = {431-8},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0883-9212},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Female • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • Oxygen
Consumption • Physical Fitness* • Recurrence
• Stroke Volume • Ventricular Function, Left
• physiopathology • prevention &
control*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between physical
fitness and transient myocardial ischemia (TMI) in the
laboratory and during daily life, in a sample of coronary
patients with a recent positive exercise test. METHODS: 47
patients with coronary disease (CAD) participated in
laboratory mental and exercise stress testing and 48-hour
outpatient Holter monitoring after being withdrawn from
ant-ischemic medications. During laboratory testing, left
ventricular performance was assessed by radionuclide
ventriculography. Physical fitness was assessed by
measurement of oxygen consumption during symptom-limited
exercise treadmill testing. RESULTS: Higher physical fitness
subjects were less likely to exhibit wall-motion
abnormalities in response to mental stress (P < .05), and to
exercise stress (P < .05) testing. They also had smaller
decreases in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in
response to mental stress than less fit subjects (P .056),
and exhibited a mean increase in LVEF during exercise,
compared to the less fit subjects who exhibited a decrease
in LVEF (P < .02). Moreover, higher fit subjects exhibited
fewer episodes of TMI (P < .04), for a shorter duration (P <
.04), and less total ischemic burden (P < .04) during Holter
monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that within
a population of CAD patients, higher levels of physical
fitness are associated with less TMI assessed in the
laboratory and during routine activities of daily
living.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143924}
}
@article{fds143796,
Author = {W Jiang and M Babyak and DS Krantz and RA Waugh and RE Coleman and MM
Hanson, DJ Frid and S McNulty and JJ Morris and CM O'Connor and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Mental stress--induced myocardial ischemia and cardiac
events.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {275},
Number = {21},
Pages = {1651-6},
Year = {1996},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
Keywords = {Aged • Coronary Disease • Electrocardiography,
Ambulatory • Exercise Test • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Logistic Models
• Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial Ischemia
• Prognosis • Proportional Hazards Models •
Radionuclide Ventriculography • Stress, Psychological
• Survival Analysis • complications* •
etiology* • mortality • physiopathology},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical significance of mental
stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary
artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Cohort study in outpatients
in a tertiary care teaching hospital assessed at baseline
and followed up for up to 5 years. METHODS: A total of 126
volunteer patients (112 men, 14 women; mean age, 59 years)
with documented CAD and exercise-induced myocardial
ischemia. METHODS: Patients underwent baseline mental stress
and exercise testing using radionuclide ventriculography and
48-hour Holter monitoring. Patients were subsequently
contacted by mailed questionnaires or telephone to document
cardiac events, including death, nonfatal myocardial
infarction, and cardiac revascularization procedures.
Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were
used to examine the prognostic value of the ischemic
measures after adjusting for such potential confounding
factors as age, baseline left ventricular ejection fraction
(LVEF), and history of myocardial infarction. RESULTS:
Twenty-eight patients (22%) experienced at least 1 cardiac
event. Baseline mental stress-induced ischemia was
associated with significantly higher rates of subsequent
cardiac events (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval
[CI], 1.0-7.7; P < .05). The LVEF change during mental
stress was significantly related to event-free survival
(risk ratio [RR], 2.4; 95% CI, 1.12-5.14; P = .02),
controlling for age, history of prior myocardial infarction,
and baseline LVEF. This relationship remained significant
after controlling for electrocardiogram (ECG)-defined
ischemia during exercise (RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.01-4.81; P <
.05). The RR for ECG-defined ischemia during exercise
testing was 1.9 (95% CI, 0.95-3.96; P = .07) and the RR for
ambulatory ECG ischemia was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.35-1.64; P =
.47). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of mental stress-induced
ischemia is associated with significantly higher rates of
subsequent fatal and nonfatal cardiac events, independent of
age, baseline LVEF, and previous myocardial infarction, and
predicted events over and above exercise-induced ischemia.
These data suggest that the relationship between
psychological stress and adverse cardiac events may be
mediated by the occurrence of myocardial
ischemia.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143796}
}
@article{fds143762,
Author = {EP Mahanna and JA Blumenthal and WD White and ND Croughwell and CP
Clancy, LR Smith and MF Newman},
Title = {Defining neuropsychological dysfunction after coronary
artery bypass grafting.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {61},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1342-7},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Aged • Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery
Bypass* • Female • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests* •
Reproducibility of Results • adverse effects •
diagnosis* • epidemiology • etiology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite the large body of literature documenting
the presence of cognitive decline after coronary artery
bypass grafting, there is little consensus as to the
frequency and extent of cognitive impairment. One potential
reason for this lack of agreement is the absence of uniform
criteria for assessing cognitive decline. METHODS: Two
hundred thirty-two patients underwent cognitive testing the
day before operation and were examined before discharge, and
at 6 weeks and 6 months after grafting. For comparative
purposes, five different sets of criteria were used to
define cognitive decline. RESULTS: There was little
agreement between the criteria as to which patients declined
at each test period. The incidence of decline ranged from
66% to 15.3% before discharge, 34% to 1.1% at 6 weeks, and
19.4% to 3.4% at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: A large variation in
reported incidence of cognitive decline after coronary
artery bypass grafting can be attributed to the different
criteria used to define cognitive impairment.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143762}
}
@article{fds143939,
Author = {MF Newman and ND Croughwell and JA Blumenthal and E Lowry and WD White and JG Reves},
Title = {Cardiopulmonary bypass and the central nervous system:
potential for cerebral protection.},
Journal = {Journal of clinical anesthesia},
Volume = {8},
Number = {3 Suppl},
Pages = {53S-60S},
Year = {1996},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0952-8180},
Keywords = {Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Central Nervous System
Diseases • Cognition Disorders • Humans •
Hypothermia, Induced • Ischemic Attack, Transient
• Neuroprotective Agents • adverse effects* •
etiology • metabolism • prevention & control
• prevention & control* • therapeutic
use*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143939}
}
@article{fds143751,
Author = {ET Thyrum and JA Blumenthal and DJ Madden and W Siegel},
Title = {Family history of hypertension influences neurobehavioral
function in hypertensive patients.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {57},
Number = {5},
Pages = {496-500},
Year = {1996},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Cognition* • Depressive Disorder •
Female • Humans • Hypertension • Male •
Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests • Reaction
Time • Task Performance and Analysis • Type A
Personality • complications • genetics* •
psychology},
Abstract = {This study examined the influence of family history of
hypertension on neurobehavioral performance. Sixty-two
hypertensive men and women who reported a family history of
hypertension (+FH) were compared with 28 hypertensive
individuals without a family history (-FH) and 32
normotensive control subjects. A neurocognitive test battery
that included tests of information processing, verbal
memory, and figural memory was administered individually to
each patient. Results showed that +FH, compared with -FH and
normotensive control subjects, was associated with poorer
performance on three tests of attention and short-term
memory (Sternberg reaction time, Trails B, and Digit Span).
There were no differences between the groups on tests of
either verbal or figural memory. Other variables, including
gender, ethnicity, age, years of education, blood pressure,
state anxiety, depression, and Type A behavior did not
account for these results. In addition, +FH hypertensive
subjects reported greater levels of state anxiety and
depression compared with -FH hypertensive subjects and
normotensive control subjects. The findings suggest a
genetic link to impaired cognitive abilities, as observed
among hypertensive patients relative to their normotensive
counterparts.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143751}
}
@article{fds138195,
Title = {Gullette, E.C.D. & Blumenthal, J.A. Exercise therapy for the
prevention and treatment of depression. Journal of Practical
Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, 5: 263-271,
1996.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds138195}
}
@article{fds138196,
Title = {Jiang, W., Babyak, M., Krantz, D.S., Waugh, R.A., Coleman,
R.E., Hanson, M.M., Frid, D.J., McNulty, S., Morris, J.J.,
O'Connor, C.M. & Blumenthal, J.A. Mental stress-induced
myocardial ischemia and cardiac events. Journal of the
American Medical Association, 275: 1651-1656,
1996.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds138196}
}
@article{fds138223,
Title = {Mahanna, E.P., Blumenthal, J.A., White, W.D., Croughwell,
N.D., Clancy, C.P., Smith, L.R. & Newman, M.F. Defining
neuropsychological dysfuntion after coronary artery bypass
grafting. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 61: 1342-7,
1996.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds138223}
}
@article{fds138224,
Title = {Fletcher, G.F., Balady, G., Blair, S.N., Blumenthal, J.,
Caspersen, C., Chaitman, B., Epstein, S., Sivarajan
Froelicher, E.S., Froelicher, V.F., Pina, I.L. & Pollock,
M.L. Statement on exercise: benefits and recommendations for
physical activity programs for all Americans: a statement
for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and
Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clilnical
Cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation, 94:
857-862, 1996.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds138224}
}
@article{fds138225,
Title = {Keefe, F.J., Kashikar-Zuck, Susmita, Opiteck, J., Hage, E.,
Dalrymple, L. & Blumenthal, J.A. Pain in arthritis and
musculoskeletal disorders: the role of coping skills
training and exercise interventions. Journal of Orthopaedic
& Sports Physical Therapy, 24(4): 279-290,
1996.},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds138225}
}
@article{fds143745,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and W Jiang and RA Waugh and DJ Frid and JJ Morris and RE
Coleman, M Hanson and M Babyak and ET Thyrum and DS
Krantz},
Title = {Mental stress-induced ischemia in the laboratory and
ambulatory ischemia during daily life. Association and
hemodynamic features.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {92},
Number = {8},
Pages = {2102-8},
Year = {1995},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Coronary Disease •
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* • Erythrocytes •
Exercise Test • Female • Gated Blood-Pool Imaging
• Hemodynamics • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Myocardial Ischemia • Sodium Pertechnetate
Tc 99m • Stress, Psychological • complications*
• diagnosis* • diagnostic use • etiology
• physiology* • physiopathology},
Abstract = {BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the
correspondence of mental stress-induced ischemia in the
laboratory with ambulatory ischemia and to assess the
relationship between hemodynamic responses to mental stress
and the occurrence of ischemia. Although exercise testing is
usually used to elicit myocardial ischemia, ischemia during
daily life usually occurs at relatively low heart rates and
in the absence of strenuous physical exercise. Mental stress
has been shown to trigger ischemic events in the laboratory
at lower heart rates but at blood pressures comparable to
exercise. We therefore compared the extent to which mental
stress and exercise testing identify patients who develop
ischemia out of hospital. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-two
patients with documented coronary disease and recent
evidence of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia underwent
48-hour ambulatory monitoring and radionuclide
ventriculography during exercise and mental stress testing.
Patients who displayed mental stress-induced ischemia in the
laboratory were more likely to exhibit ischemia during daily
life (P < .021). Furthermore, patients who exhibited
ischemia during ambulatory monitoring displayed larger
diastolic blood pressure (P < .006), heart rate (P < .039),
and rate-pressure product responses (P < .018) during mental
stress. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with prior positive
exercise stress tests, mental stress-induced ischemia,
defined by new wall motion abnormalities, predicts daily
ischemia independent of exercise-induced ischemia.
Exaggerated hemodynamic responses during mental stress
testing also identify individuals who are more likely to
exhibit myocardial ischemia during daily life and mental
stress.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143745}
}
@article{fds143839,
Author = {W Jiang and JA Blumenthal and MW Hanson and RE Coleman and CM O'Connor and D Frid and JJ Morris Jr and RA Waugh},
Title = {Relative importance of electrode placement over number of
channels in transient myocardial ischemia detection by
Holter monitoring.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {76},
Number = {5},
Pages = {350-4},
Year = {1995},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Electrocardiography • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory
• Electrodes* • Exercise Test • Female •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Myocardial
Ischemia • Radionuclide Ventriculography • Time
Factors • diagnosis* • methods*},
Abstract = {To compare the efficacy of 3-channel ambulatory
electrocardiographic monitoring (Holter monitoring) with
2-channel Holter monitoring in the detection of transient
myocardial ischemia (TMI), channels CM2, CM5, and modified
II were studied. Sixty patients with documented coronary
artery disease underwent 48-hour Holter monitoring during
their normal daily life, followed by exercise stress testing
in the laboratory monitored by means of radionuclide
ventriculography and standard 12-lead electrocardiography.
Analysis revealed that 3-channel Holter monitoring
identified 24 patients with a total of 205 TMI episodes and
a total ischemic burden of 371.00 mV-min. By itself, CM2
would have detected only 3 patients (13% of the TMI
population), 6 TMI episodes (3% of the total TMI episodes),
and a 2.4 mV-min ischemic burden (0.7% of the total ischemic
burden). Modified II alone would have identified 17 patients
(71% of the TMI population), 160 TMI episodes (78% of the
total TMI episodes), and 307.24 mV-min of the ischemic
burden (82% of the total ischemic burden). The combination
of CM5/modified II identified 23 patients (96% of the TMI
population), 201 TMI episodes (98% of the total TMI
episodes), and 370.44 mV-min of the ischemic burden (98% of
the total ischemic burden). These findings suggest that the
electrode placement is more important than the absolute
number of channels in the detection of TMI by Holter
monitoring.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143839}
}
@article{fds143861,
Author = {MF Newman and D Kramer and ND Croughwell and I Sanderson and JA
Blumenthal, WD White and LR Smith and EA Towner and JG
Reves},
Title = {Differential age effects of mean arterial pressure and
rewarming on cognitive dysfunction after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Anesthesia and analgesia},
Volume = {81},
Number = {2},
Pages = {236-42},
Year = {1995},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0003-2999},
Keywords = {Aged • Aging* • Blood Pressure* • Body
Temperature • Cardiac Surgical Procedures* •
Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Cognition • Cognition
Disorders • Female • Humans • Hypotension
• Hypothermia, Induced • Linear Models • Male
• Memory • Middle Aged • Multivariate
Analysis • Neuropsychological Tests • Rewarming*
• adverse effects • complications •
etiology*},
Abstract = {Central nervous system dysfunction is a common consequence
of otherwise uncomplicated cardiac surgery. Many mechanisms
have been postulated for the cognitive dysfunction that is
part of these neurologic sequelae. The purpose of our
investigation was to evaluate the effects of mean arterial
pressure (MAP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the
rate of rewarming on cognitive decline after cardiac
surgery. Two hundred thirty-seven patients completed
preoperative and predischarge neuropsychologic testing. MAP
and temperature were recorded at 1-min intervals using an
automated anesthesia record keeper. MAP area less than 50 mm
Hg (time and degree of hypotension), as well as the maximal
rewarming rate, were determined for each patient.
Multivariable linear regression revealed that the rate of
rewarming and MAP were unrelated to cognitive decline.
However, interactions significantly associated with
cognitive decline were found between age and MAP area less
than 50 mm Hg on one measure, and between age and rewarming
rate in another, identifying susceptibility of the elderly
to these factors. Although MAP and rewarming were not the
primary determinates of cognitive decline in this surgical
population, hypotension and rapid rewarming contributed
significantly to cognitive dysfunction in the
elderly.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143861}
}
@article{fds143843,
Author = {RE Burnett and JA Blumenthal and DB Mark and JD Leimberger and RM
Califf},
Title = {Distinguishing between early and late responders to symptoms
of acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {75},
Number = {15},
Pages = {1019-22},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Affect • Cognition • Decision Making • Female
• Health Behavior* • Humans • Male •
Marital Status • Middle Aged • Myocardial
Infarction • Questionnaires • Regression Analysis
• Thrombolytic Therapy • Time Factors •
Tissue Plasminogen Activator • diagnosis • drug
therapy • psychology* • therapeutic
use},
Abstract = {The present study identified factors that distinguish early
responders (i.e., requested medical assistance < 60 minutes
after the onset of acute myocardial infarction [AMI]
symptoms) from late responders (i.e., request made > or = 60
minutes after symptom onset). A questionnaire developed to
assess demographic characteristics, contextual factors,
antecedents to symptom onset, and behavioral, affective, and
cognitive responses was administered in the hospital to 501
patients with documented AMI. Patients who believed that
their symptoms were cardiac in nature were more likely to be
early responders, whereas patients who attributed their
symptoms to indigestion, muscle pain, fatigue, or another
cause responded later (p < 0.0009). Early responders
believed their symptoms to be more serious (p < 0.0001),
felt more comfortable seeking medical assistance (p <
0.0001), were more anxious or upset when they first noticed
symptoms (p = 0.0118), and perceived that they had less
control of their symptoms (p < 0.0001) than late responders.
A stepwise multiple regression analysis further suggested
that unmarried patients responded significantly later than
married patients, and patients who first experienced their
symptoms at work responded significantly later than those
who first experienced their symptoms outside of the home but
not at work. These results suggest that situational and
psychological variables are important determinants of
lengthy decision delays in responding to symptoms of
AMI.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143843}
}
@article{fds143746,
Author = {MF Newman and ND Croughwell and JA Blumenthal and E Lowry and WD White and W Spillane and RD Davis Jr and DD Glower and LR Smith and EP
Mahanna},
Title = {Predictors of cognitive decline after cardiac
operation.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1326-30},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Age Factors • Alleles • Apolipoprotein E4 •
Apolipoproteins E • Blood Pressure • Body
Temperature • Cardiac Surgical Procedures •
Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Cognition Disorders •
Educational Status • Humans • Neuropsychological
Tests • Oxygen • Risk Factors • adverse
effects • adverse effects* • blood •
diagnosis • etiology* • genetics},
Abstract = {Despite major advances in cardiopulmonary bypass technology,
surgical techniques, and anesthesia management, central
nervous system complications remain a common problem after
cardiopulmonary bypass. The etiology of neuropsychologic
dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass remains unresolved
and is probably multifactorial. Demographic predictors of
cognitive decline include age and years of education;
perioperative factors including number of cerebral emboli,
temperature, mean arterial pressure, and jugular bulb oxygen
saturation have varying predictive power. Recent data
suggest a genetic predisposition for cognitive decline after
cardiac surgery in patients possessing the apolipoprotein E
epsilon-4 allele, known to be associated with late-onset and
sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease. Predicting patients
at risk for cognitive decline allows the possibility of many
important interventions. Predictive power and weapons to
reduce cellular injury associated with neurologic insults
lend hope of a future ability to markedly decrease the
impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on short-term and long-term
neurologic, cognitive, and quality-of-life
outcomes.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143746}
}
@article{fds143891,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and EP Mahanna and DJ Madden and WD White and ND
Croughwell, MF Newman},
Title = {Methodological issues in the assessment of neuropsychologic
function after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1345-50},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Cognition Disorders • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Humans • Neuropsychological Tests* • adverse
effects* • diagnosis • etiology},
Abstract = {This report reviews critical issues facing investigators
interested in neuropsychologic sequelae after cardiac
operations: (1) experimental design; (2) selective
attrition; (3) selection of instruments; (4) moderating
factors; (5) definitions of cognitive decline; (6)
statistical analysis; and (7) clinical significance.
Implications for further research in the area are
discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143891}
}
@article{fds143923,
Author = {JM Murkin and SP Newman and DA Stump and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Statement of consensus on assessment of neurobehavioral
outcomes after cardiac surgery.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {59},
Number = {5},
Pages = {1289-95},
Year = {1995},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Cardiac Surgical Procedures • Central Nervous System
Diseases • Humans • Neuropsychological Tests
• adverse effects* • diagnosis* • etiology*
• standards},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143923}
}
@article{fds143743,
Author = {EJ Burker and JA Blumenthal and M Feldman and R Burnett and W White and LR
Smith, N Croughwell and R Schell and M Newman and JG
Reves},
Title = {Depression in male and female patients undergoing cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {The British journal of clinical psychology / the British
Psychological Society},
Volume = {34 ( Pt 1)},
Pages = {119-28},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0144-6657},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Anxiety Disorders • Coronary
Artery Bypass • Coronary Disease • Depressive
Disorder • Female • Follow-Up Studies •
Gender Identity* • Heart Failure • Heart Valve
Diseases • Heart Valve Prosthesis • Hemodynamics
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Patient
Care Team • Personality Inventory • Postoperative
Complications • Psychometrics • Sick Role* •
Social Support • diagnosis • physiology •
psychology • psychology* • statistics & numerical
data},
Abstract = {The present longitudinal study was designed to determine the
prevalence of depression in male and female patients
undergoing cardiac surgery, and to examine what factors are
associated with depression before and after surgery. One day
prior to surgery (T1), and one day prior to discharge from
the hospital (T2), 141 patients completed a psychometric
test battery including the Center for Epidemiological
Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the State-Trait Anxiety
Inventory (STAI), and the Perceived Social Support Scale
(PSSS). Data were also collected on 13 physiological
measures. Forty-seven per cent of patients were depressed
(defined as a score of 16 or above on the CES-D) at T1.
Scores on the CES-D significantly increased from T1 (M = 15)
to T2 (M = 20), with 61 per cent of patients classified as
depressed at T2. Factors associated with depression at T1
were female gender, higher state anxiety, and less social
support. Depressed patients at T2 were characterized by
higher scores on the STAI at T2 and higher scores on the
CES-D at T1. The prevalence of depression in cardiac surgery
patients, particularly women, may be underrecognized and
warrants increased attention.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143743}
}
@article{fds143844,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and ET Thyrum and WC Siegel},
Title = {Contribution of job strain, job status and marital status to
laboratory and ambulatory blood pressure in patients with
mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {39},
Number = {2},
Pages = {133-44},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal • Attention • Blood Pressure
• Blood Pressure Monitors* • Female • Gender
Identity • Humans • Hypertension • Job
Satisfaction* • Male • Marital Status* •
Middle Aged • Problem Solving • Psychometrics
• Psychophysiologic Disorders • Psychophysiology
• Risk Factors • Social Environment •
Somatoform Disorders • Workload • physiology
• physiology* • physiopathology* • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {The effects of job strain, occupational status, and marital
status on blood pressure were evaluated in 99 men and women
with mild hypertension. Blood pressure was measured during
daily life at home and at work over 15 h of ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring. On a separate day, blood pressure was
measured in the laboratory during mental stress testing. As
expected, during daily life, blood pressure was higher at
work than at home. High job strain was associated with
elevated systolic blood pressure among women, but not men.
However, both men and women with high status occupations had
significantly higher blood pressures during daily life and
during laboratory mental stress testing. This was especially
true for men, in that men with high job status had higher
systolic blood pressures than low job status men. Marital
status also was an important moderating variable,
particularly for women, with married women having higher
ambulatory blood pressures than single women. During mental
stress testing, married persons had higher systolic blood
pressures than unmarried individuals. These data suggest
that occupational status and marital status may contribute
even more than job strain to variations in blood pressure
during daily life and laboratory testing.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143844}
}
@article{fds143935,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and ET Thyrum and ED Gullette and A Sherwood and R
Waugh},
Title = {Do exercise and weight loss reduce blood pressure in
patients with mild hypertension?},
Journal = {North Carolina medical journal},
Volume = {56},
Number = {2},
Pages = {92-5},
Year = {1995},
Month = {February},
ISSN = {0029-2559},
Keywords = {Exercise* • Humans • Hypertension •
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic • Weight Loss*
• therapy*},
Abstract = {We conclude from our review that exercise and weight loss
offer some promise as non-pharmacologic treatments for
hypertension. Unfortunately, most available studies are
methodologically unsound, and the mechanisms by which
exercise lowers blood pressure are not known. The use of
randomized controlled designs, precise and comprehensive
measurements of blood pressure and fitness, and clearly
described interventions will be necessary if we are to
decide whether exercise and diet lower blood pressure in
patients with hypertension. We are now about to embark on
such a study (see sidebar) in hopes that it will provide a
clear answer to the question of whether these
non-pharmacologic treatments can help the large numbers of
Americans (and North Carolinians) with high blood
pressure.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143935}
}
@article{fds138186,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Jiang, W., Waugh, R.A., Frid, D.J.,
Morris, J.J., Coleman, R.E., Hanson, M., Babyak, M., Thyrum,
E.T., Krantz, D.S., O'Connor, C. Mental stress-induced
ischemia in the laboratory and ambulatory ischemia during
daily life: association and hemodynamic features.
Circulation 92:2102-2108, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138186}
}
@article{fds138191,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Thyrum, E.T., Gullette, E.D., Sherwood,
A., Waugh, R. Do exercise and weight loss reduce blood
pressure in patients with mild hypertension? NC Medical
Journal, 56: 92-95, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138191}
}
@article{fds138192,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Mahanna, E., Madden, D.J., White, W.J.
Methodological issues in the assessment of
neuropsychological function after cardiac operations, Annals
of Thoracic Surgery. 59: 1345-50, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138192}
}
@article{fds138193,
Title = {Thyrum, E.T., Blumenthal, J.A., Madden, D.J., and Siegel, W.
Family history of hypertension influences neurobehavioral
function in hypertensive patients. Psychosomatic Medicine
57: 496-500, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138193}
}
@article{fds138194,
Title = {Murkin JM, Newman SP, Stump DA, Blumenthal JA: Statement of
concensus on assessment of neurobehavioral outcomes after
cardiac surgery. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 59: 1289-1295,
1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138194}
}
@article{fds138203,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Mahanna, E., Madden, D.J., White, W.J.
Methodological issues in the assessment of
neuropsychological function after cardiac operations, Annals
of Thoracic Surgery. 59: 1345-50, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138203}
}
@article{fds138214,
Title = {Sherwood, A., May, C.W., Siegel, W.C., Blumenthal, J.A.
Ethnic Differences in Hemodynamic Responses to Stress in
Hypertensive Men and Women. American Journal of
Hypertension, 8: 522-557, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138214}
}
@article{fds138215,
Title = {Burker, E.J., Blumenthal, J.A., Feldman, M., Burnett, R.,
White, W., Smith, R., Croughwell, N., Schell, R., Newman,
M., & Reves, R.G. Depression in male and female patients
undergoing cardiac surgery. British Journal of Clinical
Psychology. 34: 119-128, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138215}
}
@article{fds138216,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Thyrum, E.T., & Siegel, W.C. Contribution
of job strain, job status and marital status to laboratory
and ambulatory blood pressure in patients with mild
hypertension. Journal of Psychosomatic Research., 39(2):
133-144, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138216}
}
@article{fds138217,
Title = {Newman, M.F., Croughwell, N.D., Blumenthal, J.A., Lowry, E.,
White, W.D., Spillane, W., Davis, R.D., Glower, D.D., Smith,
L.R., Mahanna, E.P., & Reves, J.G. Predictors of cognitive
decline after cardiac operation Annals of Thoracic Surgery.
59: 1326-30, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138217}
}
@article{fds138218,
Title = {Burker, E.J., Blumenthal, J.A., Feldman, M., Towner, E.,
White, W., Smith, L.R., Lewis, J., Croughwell, N., Schell,
R., Newman, M., & Reves, J.G. The mini mental state exam as
a predictor of neuropsychological functioning after cardiac
surgery. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine.
25: 257-70, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138218}
}
@article{fds138219,
Title = {Jiang, W., Blumenthal, J.A., Hanson, M.W., Coleman, R.E.,
O'Connor, C.M., Frid, D., Morris, J.J. Jr., and Waugh, R.A.
Relative importance of electrode placement over number of
channels in transient myocardial ischemia detection by
holter monitoring. Am. J. Cardiology 76: 350-354,
1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138219}
}
@article{fds138220,
Title = {Jiang, W., Trauner, M.A., Coleman, R.E., Hanson, M.W.,
Waugh, R.A., Frid, D.J., Phillips, B.G., Morris, J.J.,
O'Connor, C, & Blumenthal, J.A.. Association of physical
fitness and transient myocardial ischemia in patients with
coronary artery disease. Journal of Cardiopulmonary
Rehabilitation 15: 431-438, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138220}
}
@article{fds138221,
Title = {Burnett RE, Blumenthal JA, Mark DB, Leimberger JD, Califf
RM: Distinguishing between early and late responders to
symptoms of acute myocadial infarction. American Journal of
Cardiology 75: 1019-1022, 1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138221}
}
@article{fds138222,
Title = {Wenger NK, Sivarajan-Froelicher E, Smith LK, Ades PA, Berra
K, Blumenthal JA, Certo CME, Dattilo AM, Davis D, DeBusk RF,
Drozda JP, Fletcher BJ, Franklin BA, Gaston H, Greenland P,
McBride PE, McGregor CGA, Oldridge NB, Piscatella JC, Rogers
FJ: Cardiac rehabilitation. Clinical Practice Guideline 17,
1995.},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds138222}
}
@article{fds143776,
Author = {ME Hamer and JA Blumenthal and EA McCarthy and BG Phillips and EL
Pritchett},
Title = {Quality-of-life assessment in patients with paroxysmal
atrial fibrillation or paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {74},
Number = {8},
Pages = {826-9},
Year = {1994},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Analysis of Variance
• Atrial Fibrillation • Female • Humans
• Internal-External Control • Male • Middle
Aged • Psychometrics • Quality of Life* •
Questionnaires • Tachycardia, Paroxysmal •
Tachycardia, Supraventricular • psychology*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143776}
}
@article{fds143838,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and DB Mank},
Title = {Quality of life and recovery after cardiac
surgery.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {213-5},
Year = {1994},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Adult • Aged •
Coronary Artery Bypass • Coronary Disease • Female
• Heart Valve Diseases • Heart Valve Prosthesis
• Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Quality
of Life* • Sick Role • Treatment Outcome •
psychology • rehabilitation*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143838}
}
@article{fds138189,
Title = {Blumenthal JA, Mark DB: Quality of life and recovery after
cardiac surgery. Psychosomatic Medicine 56: 213-215,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138189}
}
@article{fds138190,
Title = {Trauner, M.A., Jiang, W., & Blumenthal, J.A. Prognostic
significance of silent myocardial ischemia. Annals of
Behavioral Medicine, 16: 24-34, 1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138190}
}
@article{fds138208,
Title = {Towner EA, Blumenthal JA: The efficacy of exercise in the
management of hypertension. Homeostasis 34: 338-345,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138208}
}
@article{fds138209,
Title = {Burker EJ, Fredrikson M, Rifai N, Siegel W, Blumenthal JA:
Serum lipids, neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to
stress in men and women with mild hypertension. Behavioral
Medicine 19: 155-161, 1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138209}
}
@article{fds138210,
Title = {Emery CG, Blumenthal JA, Hauck ER, Ekelund LG:
Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress in hypertensive
patients receiving Atenolol vs. Enalapril. Journal of
Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 14: 232-237,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138210}
}
@article{fds138211,
Title = {Hamer, M.E., Blumenthal, J.A., McCarthy, E.A., Phillips,
B.G., & Pritchett, E.L.C. Quality-of-life assessment in
patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or
paroxysmalsupra-ventricular tachycardia. American Journal of
Cardiology, 74: 826-829, 1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138211}
}
@article{fds138212,
Title = {Croughwell, N.D., Newman, M.F., Blumenthal, J.A., White,
W.D., Lewis, J.B., Frasco, P.E., Smith. L.R., Thyrum, E.A.,
Hurwitz, B.J., Leone, B.J., Schell, R.M. & Reves, J.G.
Jugular bulb saturation and cognitive dysfunction after
cardiopulmonary bypass. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons,
58: 3-7, 1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138212}
}
@article{fds138213,
Title = {Croughwell, N., Newman, M., Blumenthal, J.A., White, W.D.,
Lewis, J.B., Frasco, P., Smith, L.R., Towner, E.A., Hurwitz,
B.J., Leone, B.J., Schell, R.M., Reves, J.G. Jugular bulb
saturation and cognitive dysfunction after cardiopulmonary
bypass. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 58: 1-7,
1994.},
Year = {1994},
Key = {fds138213}
}
@article{fds143912,
Author = {EJ Burker and M Fredrikson and N Rifai and W Siegel and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Serum lipids, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular responses
to stress in men and women with mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)},
Volume = {19},
Number = {4},
Pages = {155-61},
Year = {1994},
ISSN = {0896-4289},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08964289.1994.9935186},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal • Blood Pressure •
Epinephrine • Female • Heart Rate •
Hemodynamics • Humans • Hypertension • Lipids
• Male • Middle Aged • Neurosecretory Systems
• Norepinephrine • Sex Factors • blood*
• physiology • physiology* • physiopathology
• physiopathology*},
Abstract = {In this study, we examined the relation between serum lipid
levels, gender, and cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress
reactivity in patients with mild hypertension. Ninety-nine
individuals (62 men, 37 women) with mild hypertension
performed four mental stress tasks: mental arithmetic,
public speaking, cold stress, and a computer videogame.
Cardiovascular reactivity scores were computed by
subtracting the minimum resting blood pressure (BP) and
heart rate (HR) values from the maximum values obtained
during each task. Neuroendocrine reactivity was calculated
as the change from epinephrine and norepinephrine values
from mean rest to mean task. High and low reactors were
identified on the basis of median splits of reactivity
scores, averaged across all four stressors. High systolic
blood pressure reactors had higher levels of total (TC),
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apo-B than
did low reactors. High diastolic blood pressure reactors had
lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
and higher levels of LDL-C and apo-B than did low reactors.
High HR reactors had higher apo-AI:apo-AII ratios than low
reactors. Lipid levels were not different for high and low
epinephrine and norepinephrine reactors. Although women were
noted to have more favorable lipid profiles than men, both
male and female hypertensive patients who were high reactors
had less favorable lipid profiles than low
reactors.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/08964289.1994.9935186},
Key = {fds143912}
}
@article{fds143821,
Author = {W Jiang and J Hayano and ER Coleman and MW Hanson and DJ Frid and C
O'Connor, D Thurber and RA Waugh and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Relation of cardiovascular responses to mental stress and
cardiac vagal activity in coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {72},
Number = {7},
Pages = {551-4},
Year = {1993},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Blood Pressure
• Cardiovascular System • Coronary Disease •
Female • Heart • Heart Rate • Humans •
Male • Middle Aged • Psychophysiology •
Stress, Psychological • Vagus Nerve • epidemiology
• innervation* • physiopathology* •
psychology},
Abstract = {Forty-six patients with documented coronary artery disease
were studied to examine the relation of cardiovascular
reactivity to mental stress and cardiac vagal activity.
Cardiac vagal activity was measured by means of
frequency-domain analysis of heart rate variability with
48-hour out-of-hospital Holter monitoring. The amplitude of
the high-frequency component (0.16 to 0.40 Hz) of heart rate
variability is considered to be an index of cardiac vagal
activity. Cardiovascular reactivity was measured in the
laboratory during a 3-minute public speaking task. Results
revealed that (1) the amplitude of the high-frequency
component was significantly higher during sleep (24.6 +/-
11.3 ms) than during waking (18.2 +/- 8.0 ms) (p = 0.002);
(2) compared to subjects with low diastolic blood pressure
reactivity, those who displayed high diastolic blood
pressure reactivity exhibited a significantly lower
amplitude of the high-frequency component (19.2 +/- 6.9 vs
23.4 +/- 9.6 ms, p = 0.03). These results indicate that
decreased cardiac vagal activity may contribute to the
exaggerated diastolic blood pressure reactivity to mental
stress in patients with coronary artery disease.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143821}
}
@article{fds143846,
Author = {TW Pierce and DJ Madden and WC Siegel and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive and psychosocial
functioning in patients with mild hypertension.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {12},
Number = {4},
Pages = {286-91},
Year = {1993},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Adult • Anxiety Disorders • Cognition •
Exercise* • Female • Health Behavior • Humans
• Hypertension • Male • Neuropsychological
Tests • Oxygen Consumption • Personality Inventory
• Physical Fitness • Psychological Tests* •
Reaction Time • Research Design • Social
Adjustment* • Social Support • Waiting Lists
• diagnosis • psychology*},
Abstract = {The effects of 16 weeks of physical exercise training on the
psychological functioning of 90 patients with mild
hypertension were examined. At baseline and after 16 weeks
of training, patients completed a psychometric test battery
that included objective measures of neuropsychological
performance and standardized self-report measures of
psychosocial functioning. Patients were randomly assigned to
one of three groups: aerobic exercise, strength training and
flexibility exercise, or a waiting list control group. After
training, there were no group differences on any of the
psychological measures, even though patients who engaged in
exercise perceived themselves as functioning better in a
number of psychological domains.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143846}
}
@article{fds143854,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and J Wei},
Title = {Psychobehavioral treatment in cardiac rehabilitation.},
Journal = {Cardiology clinics},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {323-31},
Year = {1993},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0733-8651},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • Combined Modality Therapy •
Coronary Disease • Exercise Therapy • Food Habits
• Humans • Myocardial Infarction • Smoking
Cessation • Type A Personality • methods* •
psychology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {This article reviews the empirical evidence for the use of
behavioral and psychological therapies in the rehabilitation
of patients with coronary disease. Exercise training, Type A
modification, psychological counseling, smoking cessation,
and dietary modification are considered. It is concluded
that psychobehavioral therapies offer considerable promise
to coronary patients in improving quality and quantity of
life.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143854}
}
@article{fds143954,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and DJ Madden and TW Pierce and WC Siegel and M
Appelbaum},
Title = {Hypertension affects neurobehavioral functioning.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {55},
Number = {1},
Pages = {44-50},
Year = {1993},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Anxiety • Arousal • Attention* •
Female • Humans • Hypertension • Male •
Mental Recall* • Middle Aged • Neuropsychological
Tests* • Reaction Time* • Wechsler Scales •
psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study compared the neurobehavioral performance of
hypertensive and normotensive men and women using
neuropsychological, information-processing, and psychometric
assessments. One hundred subjects, including 68 hypertensive
and 32 normotensive individuals, completed a test battery
that yielded scores on measures of speed of information
processing, verbal and figural memory, psychosocial
functioning, Type A behavior, and locus of control. Results
showed that, compared with the normotensive individuals, the
hypertensives performed more poorly on a set of tasks that
measure speed of information processing and short-term
memory (Digit Symbol, Digit Span (Backwards), and Reaction
Time (slope)). The hypertensives also reported higher levels
of state anxiety relative to their normotensive
counterparts. The effects of hypertension on neurobehavioral
functioning could not be accounted for on the basis of age
or education.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143954}
}
@article{fds138187,
Title = {Blumenthal JA, Jiang W: Psychobehavioral treatment in
cardiac rehabilitation. Cardiology Clinic 11: 323-331,
1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138187}
}
@article{fds138188,
Title = {Swoap RA, Blumenthal JA: the modification of Type A behavior
pattern and exercise. Journal of Type A Behavior Pattern 4:
3-10, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138188}
}
@article{fds138204,
Title = {Steege JF, Blumenthal JA: The effects of aerobic exercise
and strength training on premenstrual symptoms in
middle-aged premenopausal women. Journal of Psychosomatic
Research 37: 127-133, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138204}
}
@article{fds138205,
Title = {Blumenthal JA, Madden DJ, Pierce TW, Siegal WC, Appelbaum M:
Hypertension affects neurobehavioral functioning.
Psychosomatic Medicine 55: 44-50, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138205}
}
@article{fds138206,
Title = {Pierce TW, Madden DJ, Siegel WC, Blumenthal JA: Effects of
aerobic exercise on cognitive and psychosocial functioning
in patients with mild hypertension. Health Psychology 12:
286-291, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138206}
}
@article{fds138207,
Title = {Jiang W, Hayano J, Coleman ER, Hanson MW, Frid DJ, O'Connor
C, Thurber D, Waugh RA, Blumenthal JA: Relation to
cardiovascular responses to mental stress and cardiac vagal
activity in cornary artery disease. American Journal of
Cardiology 72: 551-554, 1993.},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds138207}
}
@article{fds143768,
Author = {JF Steege and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {The effects of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms in
middle-aged women: a preliminary study.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {37},
Number = {2},
Pages = {127-33},
Year = {1993},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Keywords = {Depression • Exercise • Female • Humans
• Middle Aged • Personality Inventory •
Premenstrual Syndrome • Psychophysiologic Disorders
• Sick Role • Weight Lifting • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {The effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on
premenstrual symptoms were evaluated in 23 healthy
premenopausal women. Premenstrual symptoms were assessed at
baseline and following 3 months of exercise participation.
Women who engaged in aerobic exercise significantly
increased their aerobic capacity, while the women who
participated in non-aerobic exercise did not. Results showed
that while participation in both exercise conditions was
associated with general improvement in many premenstrual
symptoms, subjects in the aerobic exercise group improved on
more symptoms, especially premenstrual depression.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143768}
}
@article{fds143865,
Author = {M Fredrikson and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Serum lipids, neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to
stress in healthy Type A men.},
Journal = {Biological psychology},
Volume = {34},
Number = {1},
Pages = {45-58},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0301-0511},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal • Blood Pressure • Coronary
Disease • Epinephrine • Heart Rate • Humans
• Hydrocortisone • Lipids • Male •
Middle Aged • Neurosecretory Systems •
Norepinephrine • Problem Solving • Risk Factors
• Type A Personality* • blood • blood* •
physiology • physiology* • psychology},
Abstract = {This study examined the relationship between serum lipid
activity in healthy Type A men and cardiovascular and
neuroendocrine responses to a behavioral stressor, mental
arithmetic. Assessment of blood lipids included measures of
total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDLC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and
serum triglycerides. Cardiovascular (blood pressure and
heart rate) and neuroendocrine (epinephrine, norepinephrine
and cortisol) responses were recorded before (rest), during
(stress) and after (recovery) the mental arithmetic test.
Diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and, to a
lesser extent, systolic blood pressure levels at rest,
during stress, and at recovery correlated positively with TC
levels. In addition, both diastolic and mean arterial
pressure were positively correlated with the ratio of TC to
HDLC and with triglycerides during stress and recovery.
Heart rate did not correlate with any lipid measure.
Cardiovascular stress-reactivity calculated as change from
rest to stress did not correlate significantly with any
lipid measure. Plasma norepinephrine during stress
correlated positively with triglycerides; a similar trend
was observed for the TC/HDLC ratio. Plasma cortisol at rest
and during stress correlated positively with the TC/HDLC
ratio and serum triglycerides, and negatively with HDLC.
Plasma norepinephrine reactivity calculated as change from
rest to stress correlated negatively with HDLC and
positively with triglycerides. In addition, cortisol
reactivity was positively correlated with triglycerides. It
is suggested that the mechanisms mediating Type A behavior
and coronary heart disease may include increased
cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses as well as
unfavorable lipid profiles.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143865}
}
@article{fds143882,
Author = {ER Hauck and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Obsessive and compulsive traits in athletes.},
Journal = {Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {14},
Number = {4},
Pages = {215-27},
Year = {1992},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
Keywords = {Compulsive Behavior* • Eating Disorders • Exercise
• Humans • Obsessive Behavior* • Personality
• Research Design • Running • Sports •
etiology • psychology*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143882}
}
@article{fds143825,
Author = {CF Emery and ER Hauck and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Exercise adherence or maintenance among older adults: 1-year
follow-up study.},
Journal = {Psychology and aging},
Volume = {7},
Number = {3},
Pages = {466-70},
Year = {1992},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
Keywords = {Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Aging • Anxiety
• Cohort Studies • Exercise • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Motor Skills • Neuropsychological Tests
• Patient Compliance • Physical Endurance •
Reaction Time • Reference Values • psychology
• psychology*},
Abstract = {Follow-up evaluation was conducted of 101 older men and
women (mean age = 67 +/- 5 years) who had participated in a
randomized study of physiological and psychological effects
of aerobic exercise. Eighty-five subjects completed the
follow-up evaluation, and almost all of them (94%) reported
continuing with physical activity, as assessed by a
self-report measure. Total energy expenditure was calculated
as an indicator of exercise maintenance, and energy
expenditure at follow-up was predicted from measures of
physiological functioning, psychological well-being, and
cognitive functioning obtained at the conclusion of the
structured exercise program. Greater cardiorespiratory
endurance, faster psychomotor speed, and lower anxiety
predicted exercise behavior at follow-up, accounting for 13%
of the variance in exercise behavior. Gender was not a
significant predictor of exercise behavior.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143825}
}
@article{fds143741,
Author = {ND Croughwell and P Frasco and JA Blumenthal and BJ Leone and WD White and JG Reves},
Title = {Warming during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with
jugular bulb desaturation.},
Journal = {The Annals of thoracic surgery},
Volume = {53},
Number = {5},
Pages = {827-32},
Year = {1992},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0003-4975},
Keywords = {Aged • Brain Ischemia • Cardiopulmonary Bypass
• Cerebrovascular Circulation • Extracorporeal
Circulation • Female • Humans • Jugular Veins
• Male • Middle Aged • Monitoring,
Physiologic • Neuropsychological Tests • Oxygen
Consumption • adverse effects • adverse effects*
• etiology* • physiology •
physiopathology*},
Abstract = {The objective of this study was to characterize cerebral
venous effluent during normothermic nonpulsatile
cardiopulmonary bypass. Thirty-one (23%) of 133 patients met
desaturation criteria (defined as jugular bulb venous oxygen
saturation less than or equal to 50% or jugular bulb venous
oxygen tension less than or equal to 25 mm Hg) during
normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (after hypothermic
cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees to 28 degrees C).
Cerebral blood flow, calculated using xenon 133 clearance
methodology, was significantly (p less than 0.005) higher in
the saturated group (33.7 +/- 10.3 mL.100 g-1.min-1) than in
the desaturated group (26.2 +/- 6.9 mL.100 g-1.min-1),
whereas the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen was
significantly lower (p less than 0.005) in the saturated
group (1.28 +/- 0.39 mL.100 g-.min-1) than in the
desaturated group (1.52 +/- 0.36 mL.100 g-1.min-1) at
normothermia. The arteriovenous oxygen difference at
normothermia was lower in the saturated group (3.92 +/- 1.12
mL/dL) than in the desaturated group (5.97 +/- 1.05 mL/dL).
Neuropsychological testing was performed in 74 of the 133
patients preoperatively and on day 7 postoperatively. There
was a general decline in mean scores of all tests
postoperatively in both groups with no significant
difference between the groups. We conclude that cerebral
venous desaturation represents a global imbalance in
cerebral oxygen supply-demand that occurs during
normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and may represent
transient cerebral ischemia. These episodes, however, are
not associated with impared neuropsychological test
performance as compared with the performance of patients
with no evidence of desaturation.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143741}
}
@article{fds143837,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and CF Emery and DJ Madden and S Schniebolk and M
Walsh-Riddle, LK George and DC McKee and MB Higginbotham and FR Cobb and RE Coleman},
Title = {Long-term effects of exercise on psychological functioning
in older men and women.},
Journal = {Journal of gerontology},
Volume = {46},
Number = {6},
Pages = {P352-61},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
Keywords = {Affect • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Aging
• Anxiety • Cognition • Cohort Studies •
Depression • Exercise • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Heart Rate • Humans • Male •
Memory • Mental Disorders • Middle Aged •
Motor Skills • Oxygen Consumption • Physical
Fitness • Psychomotor Performance • Time Factors
• Waiting Lists • Yoga • diagnosis •
physiology • physiology* • psychology*},
Abstract = {The purpose of this study was to determine the
psychological, behavioral, and cognitive changes associated
with up to 14 months of aerobic exercise training. For the
first 4 months of the study, 101 older (greater than 60
years) men and women were randomly assigned to one of three
conditions: Aerobic exercise, Yoga, or a Waiting List
control group. Before and following the intervention, all
subjects completed a comprehensive assessment battery,
including measures of mood and cognitive functioning. A
semi-crossover design was employed such that, following
completion of the second assessment, all subjects completed
4 months of aerobic exercise and underwent a third
assessment. Subjects were given the option of participating
in 6 additional months of supervised aerobic exercise (14
months total), and all subjects, regardless of their
exercise status, completed a fourth assessment. Results
indicated that subjects experienced a 10-15% improvement in
aerobic capacity. In general, there were relatively few
improvements in cognitive performance associated with
aerobic exercise, although subjects who maintained their
exercise participation for 14 months experienced
improvements in some psychiatric symptoms. However, the
healthy subjects in this study were functioning at a
relatively high level to begin with, and exercise training
may produce greater improvements among elderly with
concomitant physical or emotional impairments.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143837}
}
@article{fds143871,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and CF Emery and DJ Madden and S Schniebolk and MW Riddle and FR Cobb and M Higginbotham and RE Coleman},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on bone density in older men
and women.},
Journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
Volume = {39},
Number = {11},
Pages = {1065-70},
Year = {1991},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0002-8614},
Keywords = {Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Bone Density •
Exercise • Female • Humans • Longitudinal
Studies • Male • Middle Aged • Oxygen
Consumption • Patient Compliance • Physical
Education and Training • Physical Fitness • Sex
Factors • physiology • physiology*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of up to 14 months of
aerobic exercise on measures of bone density in older
adults. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial with subjects
assigned to either an aerobic exercise condition,
non-aerobic yoga, or a wait list non-exercise control group
for 4 months. Aerobic fitness and bone density were
evaluated in all subjects at baseline (Time 1) and after 4
months (Time 2). A semi-crossover design was utilized with
all subjects completing 4 months of aerobic exercise,
followed by another evaluation (Time 3). All subjects were
then given the option of 6 additional months of aerobic
exercise, after which they had a fourth evaluation (Time 4).
METHODS: An outpatient exercise rehabilitation facility at a
large, major medical center. METHODS: One-hundred-one
healthy men (n = 50) and women (n = 51) over age 60 (Mean
age = 67.0), recruited from the community. METHODS: The
exercise program included stretching, cycle ergometry, and
walking three times per week for 60 minutes throughout the
course of the study. METHODS: Aerobic fitness (VO2max) as
assessed by cycle ergometry, and bone density (bone mineral
content) measured by single photon absorptiometry. RESULTS:
Subjects achieved a 10%-15% increase in VO2max after 4
months of exercise training, and 1%-6% further improvement
with additional training. Aerobic fitness was associated
with significant increases in bone density in men, but not
women, who maintained aerobic exercise for 14
months.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143871}
}
@article{fds143940,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and WC Siegel and M Appelbaum},
Title = {Failure of exercise to reduce blood pressure in patients
with mild hypertension. Results of a randomized controlled
trial.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {266},
Number = {15},
Pages = {2098-104},
Year = {1991},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
Keywords = {Adult • Ambulatory Care • Analysis of Variance
• Blood Pressure* • Body Composition • Diet
• Exercise* • Female • Humans •
Hypertension • Intelligence Tests • Male •
Middle Aged • Monitoring, Physiologic • Patient
Compliance • Physical Fitness • Stress,
Physiological • physiopathology •
therapy*},
Abstract = {OBJECTIVE: --To assess the effects of physical exercise
training on blood pressure in patients with mild
hypertension. METHODS: --Randomized controlled trial.
METHODS: --Hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program.
METHODS: --Ninety-nine men and women with untreated mild
hypertension (systolic blood pressure, 140 to 180 mm Hg;
diastolic blood pressure, 90 to 105 mm Hg) were included in
the volunteer sample. METHODS: --Subjects were randomly
assigned to a 4-month program of aerobic exercise training,
strength and flexibility training, or to a waiting list
control group. METHODS: --The main outcome measures were
systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured four times
with a random zero sphygmomanometer on 3 separate days in a
clinic setting. RESULTS: --After 4 months of exercise
training, subjects in the aerobic exercise group did not
exhibit greater reductions in blood pressure than subjects
in the control group. We expected a differential decline of
5 mm Hg between the aerobic exercise and waiting list
control groups and found a difference of -1.0 +/- 16 mm Hg
and -1.2 +/- 10 mm Hg at alpha = .05 for systolic and
diastolic blood pressure, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:
--Moderate aerobic exercise alone should not be considered a
replacement for pharmacologic therapy in nonobese patients
with mild hypertension.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143940}
}
@article{fds143938,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and K Matthews and M Fredrikson and N Rifai and S
Schniebolk, D German and J Steege and J Rodin},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on cardiovascular function and
plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein concentrations
in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular
biology / American Heart Association},
Volume = {11},
Number = {4},
Pages = {912-7},
Year = {1991},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {1049-8834},
Keywords = {Analysis of Variance • Apolipoproteins •
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena* • Exercise
• Female • Heart Function Tests • Humans
• Lipids • Lipoproteins • Menopause •
Middle Aged • Oxygen Consumption • Physical
Endurance • Random Allocation • Triglycerides
• blood • blood* • physiology •
physiology*},
Abstract = {This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise on lipid
levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Fifty
healthy middle-aged women (mean age, 50 years) were randomly
assigned to 12 weeks of either aerobic exercise (walking and
jogging) or nonaerobic strength exercise (circuit Nautilus
training). Concentrations of total cholesterol, high density
lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein
cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol
were assessed, along with apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo
A-II, apo B, and triglycerides. To document changes in
aerobic capacity, maximum treadmill testing was performed
with expired-gas analysis before and after the exercise
program. Aerobic exercise was associated with an 18%
improvement in peak VO2. Women in the aerobic group had an
increased VO2, from 26.7 to 31.4 ml/kg/min (p less than
0.0001), while the VO2 of the women in the strength training
group did not change (25.8 ml/kg/min before and after).
There were no differential changes in lipid levels because
all subjects experienced slight reductions in high density
lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol and increases
in apo A-I and the apo A-I to apo B ratio. There was a
tendency for the aerobic group to exhibit lower levels of
apo A-II and a greater apo A-I to apo A-II ratio, however.
We conclude that premenopausal and postmenopausal women
experience similar changes in aerobic capacity and lipid
levels with exercise and that the short-term effects of
aerobic and nonaerobic exercise on lipid profiles are
generally comparable.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143938}
}
@article{fds143812,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and CF Emery and DJ Madden and RE Coleman and MW Riddle and S
Schniebolk, FR Cobb and MJ Sullivan and MB Higginbotham},
Title = {Effects of exercise training on cardiorespiratory function
in men and women older than 60 years of age.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {67},
Number = {7},
Pages = {633-9},
Year = {1991},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Aged • Analysis of Variance • Blood Pressure
• Body Weight • Cardiovascular Physiological
Phenomena* • Cholesterol, HDL • Feasibility
Studies • Female • Humans • Lipids •
Longitudinal Studies • Male • Middle Aged •
Patient Compliance • Physical Education and Training*
• Reference Values • Sex Factors • Vascular
Resistance • blood • physiology},
Abstract = {This study reports the physiologic effects of up to 14
months of aerobic exercise in 101 older (greater than 60
years) men and women. After an extensive baseline
physiologic assessment (Time 1), in which aerobic capacity
and blood lipids were measured, subjects were randomized to
an aerobic exercise condition (cycle ergometry, 3 times per
week for 1 hour), nonaerobic yoga (2 times per week for 1
hour), or a waiting list nonexercise control group for 4
months, and then underwent a second (Time 2) assessment. At
the completion of the second assessment, all remaining
subjects completed 4 months of aerobic exercise and were
reevaluated (Time 3). Subjects were given the option of
participating in 6 additional months of supervised aerobic
exercise, and all available subjects completed a fourth
assessment (Time 4) 14 months after their initial baseline
evaluation. Results indicated that subjects generally
exhibited a 10 to 15% improvement in peak oxygen consumption
after 4 months of aerobic exercise training, and a 1 to 6%
improvement in aerobic power with additional aerobic
exercise training. On the other hand, subjects, especially
men, continued to have improvements in submaximal exercise
performance (i.e., anaerobic threshold). In addition,
aerobic exercise was associated with an improved lipid
profile; subjects participating in aerobic exercise for up
to 14 months exhibited increased levels of high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol. Maintenance of regular aerobic
exercise for an extended time interval is associated with
greater cardiovascular benefits among older adults than has
been reported previously.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143812}
}
@article{fds138241,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Siegel, W.C., & Appelbaum, M. Failure of
exercise to reduce blood pressure in patients with mild
hypertension: results of a randomized controlled trial.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 266: 2098-2104,
1991.},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds138241}
}
@article{fds143760,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and M Fredrikson and KA Matthews and CM Kuhn and S
Schniebolk, D German and N Rifai and J Steege and J
Rodin},
Title = {Stress reactivity and exercise training in premenopausal and
postmenopausal women.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {10},
Number = {6},
Pages = {384-91},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Arousal • Body Weight • Exercise • Exercise
Test • Female • Gonadal Steroid Hormones •
Humans • Menopause • Middle Aged • Oxygen
• Physical Education and Training • Physical
Fitness • Psychophysiology • Verbal Behavior
• blood • physiology • physiology*},
Abstract = {Examined the influence of ovarian function on
psychophysiological stress responses and determined if
aerobic exercise reduced stress reactivity. Fifty
premenopausal and postmenopausal women initially were
subjected to a public speaking task and an
ice-on-the-forehead procedure, during which time their blood
pressure and heart rate were monitored and continuous blood
samples were obtained. Subjects also underwent aerobic
fitness evaluations with a maximum-exercise treadmill test.
Subjects were then randomly assigned to a 12-week exercise
program of either aerobic exercise (e.g., walking and
jogging at a prescribed exercise intensity) or non-aerobic
strength and flexibility training and were then reevaluated.
Results indicated that postmenopausal women exhibited lower
resting epinephrine levels but greater epinephrine
reactivity to the speaking task compared to the
premenopausal women. There were no differences between
premenopausal and postmenopausal women with respect to
cardiovascular or catecholamine responses during the cold
challenge. Premenopausal and postmenopausal women also
achieved comparable improvements in aerobic fitness.
However, results of the mental stress testing were complex
and provided only partial support for the role of aerobic
exercise in reducing stress responses.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143760}
}
@article{fds143767,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and DJ Madden and EJ Burker and N Croughwell and S
Schniebolk, R Smith and WD White and M Hlatky and JG
Reves},
Title = {A preliminary study of the effects of cardiac procedures on
cognitive performance.},
Journal = {International journal of psychosomatics : official
publication of the International Psychosomatics
Institute},
Volume = {38},
Number = {1-4},
Pages = {13-6},
Year = {1991},
ISSN = {0884-8297},
Keywords = {Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary • Brain Damage, Chronic
• Coronary Artery Bypass • Delirium, Dementia,
Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders • Female • Heart
Valve Prosthesis • Humans • Male • Middle
Aged • Neuropsychological Tests • Postoperative
Complications • Psychometrics • diagnosis* •
psychology • psychology* • statistics & numerical
data*},
Abstract = {The effects of three commonly performed cardiac procedures
on cognitive performance were evaluated in patients
undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (N =
20), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
procedure (N = 8), or cardiac valve repair (N = 11).
Patients completed a neuropsychological test battery on the
day prior to their surgery and at discharge. Results showed
that valve and CABG patients exhibited declines in
performance on the Digit Symbol subtest, while PTCA patients
did not change. Reaction time performance improved for the
PTCA patients but declined significantly for valve patients.
These results suggest that common cardiac procedures may
have measurable effects on cognitive performance, as
assessed by a relatively brief test battery.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143767}
}
@article{fds143747,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and LG Ekelund and CF Emery},
Title = {Quality of life among hypertensive patients with a diuretic
background who are taking atenolol and enalapril.},
Journal = {Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics},
Volume = {48},
Number = {4},
Pages = {447-54},
Year = {1990},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-9236},
Keywords = {Analysis of Variance • Atenolol • Blood Pressure
• Cognition • Depression • Diuretics •
Double-Blind Method • Enalapril • Female •
Humans • Hydrochlorothiazide • Hypertension •
Male • Memory • Middle Aged •
Neuropsychological Tests • Quality of Life* •
Safety • adverse effects • drug effects •
drug therapy* • physiopathology • psychology
• therapeutic use • therapeutic
use*},
Abstract = {The cardioselective beta-blocker atenolol and the
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril were
compared for efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life factors
in 30 patients with hypertension whose hypertension was
inadequately controlled with diuretic alone. Atenolol (50 to
100 mg once a day) and enalapril (2.5 to 40 mg once a day),
combined with hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg once a day), had
similar levels of efficacy and safety. A comprehensive
battery of psychologic assessments for quality of life was
administered, including measures of anxiety, depression,
psychiatric symptoms, memory, and psychomotor function.
These five conceptually based clusters were first analyzed
by multivariate analysis of variance procedures, followed by
univariate analyses of the individual variables composing
each domain. In general, neither atenolol nor enalapril was
associated with major changes in psychologic functioning.
The only data cluster with a statistically significant
change was memory function, primarily as a result of lower
scores of the digit span (backward) test, for atenolol
relative to enalapril. These preliminary findings suggest
that atenolol and enalapril have comparable degrees of
efficacy and safety, with no major disparities in
quality-of-life effects, for hypertensive patients with a
history of taking diuretics and this sort of quality-of-life
assessment can be performed during trials of
antihypertensive drugs.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143747}
}
@article{fds143817,
Author = {CF Emery and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Perceived change among participants in an exercise program
for older adults.},
Journal = {The Gerontologist},
Volume = {30},
Number = {4},
Pages = {516-21},
Year = {1990},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0016-9013},
Keywords = {Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Body Weight •
Exercise* • Female • Health Status* • Humans
• Male • Middle Aged • Oxygen Consumption
• Perception • physiology},
Abstract = {Data regarding perceived change were collected as part of a
study of the effects of aerobic exercise training on
psychological, cognitive, and physiological functioning
among 101 healthy older adults. Subjects were assigned
randomly to an aerobic exercise group, a yoga control group,
or a waiting list group for 16 weeks, after which all
subjects participated in aerobic exercise for another 16
weeks. Exercise participants perceived positive changes in a
wide range of significant life areas, and perceived
improvement was more closely related to objective
improvement for physiological indicators than for indicators
of cognitive functioning or psychological
well-being.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143817}
}
@article{fds143889,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and M Fredrikson and CM Kuhn and RL Ulmer and M
Walsh-Riddle, M Appelbaum},
Title = {Aerobic exercise reduces levels of cardiovascular and
sympathoadrenal responses to mental stress in subjects
without prior evidence of myocardial ischemia.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {65},
Number = {1},
Pages = {93-8},
Year = {1990},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Adrenal Medulla • Adult • Coronary Disease* •
Epinephrine • Exercise • Exercise Test •
Hemodynamics • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Norepinephrine • Physical Education and Training
• Stress, Psychological • Sympathetic Nervous
System • Type A Personality* • blood •
physiology • physiology* • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {Thirty-seven healthy type A men (mean age 42 years) were
randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training
group or to a strength and flexibility training group.
Before exercise, subjects underwent comprehensive
physiologic and behavioral assessments, including graded
exercise treadmill testing with direct measurement of oxygen
consumption (VO2) and measurement of cardiovascular (heart
rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and rate
pressure product) and neuroendocrine (epinephrine and
norepinephrine) responses to mental arithmetic. The aerobic
exercise consisted of walking and jogging at an intensity of
greater than or equal to 70% maximal heart rate reserve for
1 hour 3 times/week for 12 consecutive weeks. The strength
training consisted of 1 hour of circuit Nautilus training 2
times/week for 12 weeks. At the completion of the exercise
program, all subjects underwent repeat testing. For the
aerobic group, peak VO2 increased significantly from 33.6 to
38.4 ml/kg/min (p less than 0.001), whereas the strength
group only achieved a slight increase from 34.5 to 35.6
ml/kg/min (difference not significant). During the mental
arithmetic, the aerobic group experienced a greater
reduction in levels of heart rate, diastolic blood pressure
and rate pressure product than the strength group (after
completing the exercise training programs). The aerobic
group also tended to secrete less epinephrine and to show a
faster recovery than the strength group after the exercise
program. In addition, the aerobic group tended to exhibit
less cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress after
exercise training. These data suggest that aerobic exercise
reduces levels of cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal
responses during and after mental stress.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143889}
}
@article{fds138202,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Fredrikson, M., Kuhn, C.M., Ulmer, R.L.,
Riddle, M. & Appelbaum, M. Aerobic exercise reduces levels
of cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal responses to mental
stress in subjects without prior evidence of myocardial
ischemia. American Journal of Cardiology, 65: 93-98,
1990.},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds138202}
}
@article{fds143755,
Author = {M Walsh-Riddle and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Cardiovascular responses during upright and semi-recumbent
cycle ergometry testing.},
Journal = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
Volume = {21},
Number = {5},
Pages = {581-5},
Year = {1989},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0195-9131},
Keywords = {Cardiovascular System • Clinical Trials as Topic •
Exercise Test • Female • Humans •
Hypertension • Male • Middle Aged •
Supination • methods* • physiopathology*},
Abstract = {To compare cardiovascular (CV) responses during cycle
ergometry testing, 20 unmedicated mild hypertensive subjects
(10 male, 10 female; mean age = 47.9 yr) underwent exercise
testing on an upright (UP) cycle and a semi-recumbent (SR)
cycle. Tests were administered in counterbalanced order on
two separate days. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP),
ventilation (VE), and rate pressure product (RPP) were
recorded at absolute workloads (1.0 and 1.5 l.min-1) as well
as at relative workloads (50, 75, and 90% of VO2 peak). In
addition, the CV variables were measured at rest and peak
exercise for each position. At absolute submaximal levels,
women had higher HR, VE, and RPP values in both positions,
reflecting responses at a greater percentage of their
maximum exercise capacity. At relative workloads, HRs were
significantly lower at rest and at 75 and 90% VO2 peak in
the SR position. Men had greater systolic blood pressure
(SBP) and RPP in both positions, and RPP was significantly
lower at rest and at 75 and 90% VO2 peak in the SR position.
Women displayed lower VE at all relative workloads. At peak
exercise, subjects achieved significantly higher peak heart
rates on the upright cycle (UP = 163 bpm, SR = 157 bpm). The
UP cycle was associated with higher levels of peak VO2. The
ability to achieve a higher HR and greater VO2 at peak
exercise suggests that the UP cycle ergometer may be a
preferable mode to the SR ergometer for evaluating maximal
exercise performance among patients with mild
hypertension.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143755}
}
@article{fds143823,
Author = {JC Barefoot and BL Peterson and FE Harrell Jr and MA Hlatky and DB
Pryor, TL Haney and JA Blumenthal and IC Siegler and RB Williams
Jr},
Title = {Type A behavior and survival: a follow-up study of 1,467
patients with coronary artery disease.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {64},
Number = {8},
Pages = {427-32},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Adult • Coronary Disease • Female • Follow-Up
Studies • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Myocardial Infarction • Personality Inventory •
Predictive Value of Tests • Risk Factors •
Statistics as Topic • Type A Personality* •
etiology • mortality • physiopathology •
psychology*},
Abstract = {Patients with documented coronary artery disease, admitted
to Duke Medical Center between 1974 and 1980, were assessed
for type A behavior pattern and were followed until 1984.
The relation of type A behavior to survival was tested using
data from coronary angiography to control for disease
severity. Cox model regression analyses demonstrated an
interaction (p less than 0.01) between type A behavior and
an index of disease severity in the prediction of
cardiovascular death. Among those with relatively poor left
ventricular function, type A patients had better survival
than type B. This difference was not present among patients
with better prognoses. Type A behavior did not predict the
subsequent incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarctions.
Differential risk modification and differential selection
into postinfarction status are possible explanations for the
findings. These results need not conflict with the
proposition that type A behavior plays a role in the
pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143823}
}
@article{fds143919,
Author = {DJ Madden and JA Blumenthal and PA Allen and CF Emery},
Title = {Improving aerobic capacity in healthy older adults does not
necessarily lead to improved cognitive performance.},
Journal = {Psychology and aging},
Volume = {4},
Number = {3},
Pages = {307-20},
Year = {1989},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Aged, 80 and over • Attention
• Cognition* • Discrimination Learning •
Exercise* • Female • Follow-Up Studies •
Humans • Male • Mental Recall • Middle Aged
• Pattern Recognition, Visual • Physical Fitness*
• Reaction Time • Wechsler Scales*},
Abstract = {The effects of aerobic exercise training in a sample of 85
older adults were investigated. Ss were assigned randomly to
either an aerobic exercise group, a nonaerobic exercise
(yoga) group, or a waiting-list control group. Following 16
weeks of the group-specific protocol, all of the older Ss
received 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training. The older
adults demonstrated a significant increase in aerobic
capacity (cardiorespiratory fitness). Performance on
reaction-time tests of attention and memory retrieval was
slower for the older adults than for a comparison group of
24 young adults, and there was no improvement in the older
adults' performance on these tests as a function of aerobic
exercise training. Results suggest that exercise-related
changes in older adults' cognitive performance are due
either to extended periods of training or to cohort
differences between physically active and sedentary
individuals.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143919}
}
@article{fds143739,
Author = {A Sherwood and KC Light and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise training on hemodynamic
responses during psychosocial stress in normotensive and
borderline hypertensive type A men: a preliminary
report.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {51},
Number = {2},
Pages = {123-36},
Year = {1989},
Month = {May},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal* • Blood Pressure • Cardiac
Output • Exercise Test • Exercise* • Heart
Rate • Humans • Hypertension • Male •
Middle Aged • Stress, Psychological • Type A
Personality • complications* • psychology •
therapy*},
Abstract = {This study assessed the effects of aerobic exercise training
on cardiovascular responses to a 5-min reaction time
competition task. Twenty-seven Type A men (aged 30-56)
participated in this randomized study in which 14 underwent
supervised aerobic training and 13 strength training, with
sessions scheduled three times per week for 12 consecutive
weeks. Aerobic exercise training was associated with a 13.6%
increase in VO2max compared to 2.9% for the strength group.
The effects of aerobic exercise training were most evident
in subjects whose initial casual blood pressure readings
fell in the borderline hypertensive range (N = 5). These
individuals exhibited a general reduction in diastolic blood
pressure (i.e., during rest, competition, and recovery)
which was associated with a fall in both heart rate and
total peripheral vascular resistance. Furthermore, diastolic
pressure reactivity to the competition task was attenuated
in borderline hypertensive subjects who underwent aerobic
conditioning. These data are interpreted as preliminary
findings suggesting that borderline hypertensives may be
particularly responsive to the cardiovascular benefits of
aerobic conditioning. For patients who have progressed to
this stage of hypertensive disease, aerobic exercise may be
of ameliorative value.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143739}
}
@article{fds138201,
Title = {Blumenthal, J.A., Emery, C.F., Madden, D.J., George, L.K.,
Coleman, R.E., Riddle, M.W., McKee, D.C., Reasoner, J. &
Williams, R.S. Cardiovascular and behavioral effects of
aerobic exercise training in healthy older men and women.
Journal of Gerontology, 44: M147-M157, 1989.},
Year = {1989},
Key = {fds138201}
}
@article{fds143909,
Author = {DJ Madden and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Slowing of memory-search performance in men with mild
hypertension.},
Journal = {Health psychology : official journal of the Division of
Health Psychology, American Psychological
Association},
Volume = {8},
Number = {2},
Pages = {131-42},
Year = {1989},
ISSN = {0278-6133},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure • Delirium, Dementia,
Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders • Humans •
Hypertension • Male • Memory* • Mental
Recall* • Middle Aged • Neuropsychological Tests
• Pattern Recognition, Visual • Reaction Time*
• psychology • psychology*},
Abstract = {Previous reports have associated hypertension with a slowing
of cognitive performance, although the component processes
involved have not been identified. Our report compares the
performance of 24 men with mild hypertension and 28
age-matched normotensive men on a test of short-term memory
search in which the duration of component processes could be
estimated. The results indicated that the rate of search
through short-term memory was slower for the hypertensive
than for the normotensives, whereas the duration of encoding
and response processes was equivalent for the two groups.
This hypertension-related slowing of memory comparison was
independent of participants' error rates and education
levels.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143909}
}
@article{fds143942,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and CF Emery and MA Walsh and DR Cox and CM Kuhn and RB
Williams, RS Williams},
Title = {Exercise training in healthy type A middle-aged men: effects
on behavioral and cardiovascular responses.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {50},
Number = {4},
Pages = {418-33},
Year = {1988},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal* • Blood Pressure • Coronary
Disease • Electrocardiography • Heart Rate •
Humans • Lipids • Male • Middle Aged •
Oxygen • Personality Tests • Physical Exertion*
• Risk Factors • Type A Personality* • blood
• prevention & control* • psychology},
Abstract = {Thirty-six healthy Type A men (means = 44.4 years) were
randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training
group or a strength and flexibility training group. Subjects
completed a comprehensive psychological assessment battery
before and after the exercise programs consisting of
behavioral, psychometric, and psychophysiological testing.
The behavioral assessment consisted of repeated Type A
interviews that were videotaped for subsequent component
analyses. The psychometric testing included two self-report
questionnaires to assess Type A behavior. The
psychophysiological test consisted of a standard behavioral
challenge, a mental arithmetic task, performed while
cardiovascular responses were monitored. Aerobic exercise
(AE) training consisted of 12 weeks of continuous walking or
jogging at an intensity of at least 70% of subjects' initial
maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) as determined by an
initial treadmill test. Strength and flexibility (SF)
training consisted of 12 weeks of circuit Nautilus training
with no aerobic exercise. After 12 weeks of exercise, the AE
group increased their VO2max by 15%, while the SF group did
not change. Both groups experienced decreases in overt
behavioral manifestations of the Type A behavior pattern and
self-reported Type A traits. However, the AE group showed an
attenuation of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood
pressure, and estimated myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)
during the task and had lower blood pressure, heart rate,
and (MVO2) during recovery. In contrast, the SF group showed
a significant reduction only in DBP during the task, which
was likely due to habituation. These results support the use
of aerobic exercise as a method for reducing cardiovascular
risk among healthy Type A men.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143942}
}
@article{fds143914,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and DJ Madden},
Title = {Effects of aerobic exercise training, age, and physical
fitness on memory-search performance.},
Journal = {Psychology and aging},
Volume = {3},
Number = {3},
Pages = {280-5},
Year = {1988},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0882-7974},
Keywords = {Adult • Aging • Exercise Test • Exercise*
• Humans • Longitudinal Studies • Male •
Memory* • Mental Recall* • Middle Aged •
Oxygen • Physical Fitness* • Reaction Time •
blood • physiology • psychology*},
Abstract = {We investigated the effects of exercise training on memory
performance. One group of 13 men (M = 42.92 years of age)
participated in supervised aerobic exercise (jogging) three
times a week for 12 weeks. A second group of 15 men (M =
43.67 years of age) performed anaerobic exercise (strength
training) for the same period of time. Subjects' reaction
time (RT) performance in a memory-search task was assessed
both before (Time 1) and after (Time 2) the 12 weeks of
exercise training. Results indicated that there was no
significant change in memory-search performance over time as
a function of exercise training. Analyses of the Time 2 RTs
demonstrated that aspects of memory-search performance were
related significantly both to subjects' initial (Time 1)
level of fitness and to age, but not to the amount of change
in fitness associated with aerobic exercise training over
this 12-week duration in this age group.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143914}
}
@article{fds143740,
Author = {RB Williams Jr and JC Barefoot and TL Haney and FE Harrell Jr and JA
Blumenthal, DB Pryor and B Peterson},
Title = {Type A behavior and angiographically documented coronary
atherosclerosis in a sample of 2,289 patients.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {50},
Number = {2},
Pages = {139-52},
Year = {1988},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Coronary Angiography* •
Coronary Artery Disease • Coronary Disease •
Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged •
Personality Tests • Risk Factors • Smoking •
Type A Personality* • psychology • psychology*
• radiography},
Abstract = {To determine the relationship between Type A behavior
pattern and angiographically documented coronary
atherosclerosis (CAD), we analyzed risk factor, behavioral,
and angiographic data collected on 2,289 patients undergoing
diagnostic coronary angiography at Duke University Medical
Center between 1974 and 1980. Multivariable analyses using
ordinal logistic regression techniques showed that Type A
behavior as assessed by the structured interview (SI) is
significantly associated with CAD severity after age, sex,
hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, and their various
significant interactions were controlled for. This
relationship, however, is dependent upon age. Among patients
aged 45 or younger, Type A's had more severe CAD than did
Type B's; among patients aged 46-54, CAD severity was
similar between Type A's and B's; and among patients 55 and
older, there was a trend toward more severe CAD among Type
B's than among Type A's. These Type A-CAD relationships did
not appear to be the result of various factors relating to
the selection of patients for angiography. Type A behavior
as assessed by the Jenkins Activity Survey was unrelated to
CAD severity. These findings suggest that SI-determined Type
A behavior is associated with more severe CAD among younger
patients referred for diagnostic coronary angiography. The
reversal of the Type A-CAD relationship among older patients
may be due to survival effects. Inadequate sample sizes, use
of assessment tools other than the SI, and failure to
consider the Type A by age interaction could account for
failures to find a Type A-CAD relationship in other studies.
We conclude that the present findings are consistent with
the hypothesis that Type A behavior is involved in the
pathogenesis of CAD, but only in younger age groups. The
Type A effect in the present data is small relative to that
of both smoking and hyperlipidemia, however, and future
research should focus more specifically on the hostility and
anger components of Type A behavior, particularly in younger
samples.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143740}
}
@article{fds143758,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and CF Emery},
Title = {Rehabilitation of patients following myocardial
infarction.},
Journal = {Journal of consulting and clinical psychology},
Volume = {56},
Number = {3},
Pages = {374-81},
Year = {1988},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Keywords = {Behavior Therapy • Coronary Artery Bypass •
Exercise Therapy • Humans • Myocardial Infarction
• Psychotherapy • Type A Personality •
rehabilitation* • therapy},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143758}
}
@article{fds143860,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and WJ Rejeski and M Walsh-Riddle and CF Emery and H
Miller, S Roark and PM Ribisl and PB Morris and P Brubaker and RS
Williams},
Title = {Comparison of high- and low-intensity exercise training
early after acute myocardial infarction.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {61},
Number = {1},
Pages = {26-30},
Year = {1988},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Adult • Blood Pressure • Exercise Therapy* •
Heart Rate • Humans • Lipids • Male •
Middle Aged • Myocardial Infarction • Oxygen
Consumption • Patient Compliance • Random
Allocation • Stroke Volume • blood •
physiopathology • rehabilitation*},
Abstract = {The effects of the intensity of exercise training on
cardiorespiratory variables were investigated in a
consecutive series of men with recent (median 8 weeks) acute
myocardial infarction. Forty-five patients were randomly
assigned either to a high- (65 to 75% maximum oxygen
consumption rate [VO2max]) or to a low-intensity (less than
45% VO2max) exercise group. Patients engaged in medically
supervised aerobic training 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks.
With training, mean VO2max significantly increased by 11%
(2.09 to 2.31 liters/min) within the high group and by 14%
(1.93 to 2.21 liters/min) within the low group. Differences
between groups were not statistically significant. Both
groups also had comparable changes in heart rate, blood
pressure and double-product at submaximal and maximal
workloads. Analysis of blood lipids revealed that both
groups experienced a significant increase in high density
lipoprotein cholesterol. There were no significant changes
in total serum cholesterol or triglycerides. These findings
suggest that within an unselected population of patients
after acute myocardial infarction referred for cardiac
rehabilitation, low- and high-intensity exercise training
produces relatively similar changes in cardiorespiratory
variables during the initial 3 months of exercise
training.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143860}
}
@article{fds143819,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and J Barefoot and MM Burg and RB Williams
Jr},
Title = {Psychological correlates of hostility among patients
undergoing coronary angiography.},
Journal = {The British journal of medical psychology},
Volume = {60 ( Pt 4)},
Pages = {349-55},
Year = {1987},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0007-1129},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Coronary Angiography* •
Coronary Disease • Female • Hostility* •
Humans • MMPI • Male • Middle Aged •
Psychometrics • Risk Factors • Social Support
• psychology* • radiography},
Abstract = {The Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) scale (Cook & Medley, 1954)
has been associated with increased risk for coronary heart
disease (CHD). There is relatively little information about
the psychosocial correlates of the Ho scale in clinical or
adult populations, however. In this study, 132 patients
(mean age = 53 years) referred for diagnostic coronary
angiography completed a battery of self-report
questionnaires including the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI), Hopkins Symptom Check List
(SCL-90), State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI), Type A
Self-Rating Inventory (TASRI), and Perceived Social Support
Scale (PSSS). Examination of the pattern of correlations
among the Ho scale and the psychometric instruments revealed
that the Ho scale may be viewed as tapping four general
behavioural dimensions including anger and hostility,
neuroticism, social maladjustment and ineffective coping
style. These findings serve to further understanding about
the psychological dimensions of hostility as measured by the
Cook-Medley Ho scale.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143819}
}
@article{fds143764,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and MM Burg and J Barefoot and RB Williams and T Haney and G
Zimet},
Title = {Social support, type A behavior, and coronary artery
disease.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {49},
Number = {4},
Pages = {331-40},
Year = {1987},
Month = {September},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adult • Aged • Coronary Disease • Family
• Female • Humans • Interpersonal Relations
• Male • Middle Aged • Risk • Social
Environment* • Social Support* • Type A
Personality* • psychology*},
Abstract = {The interaction of Type A behavior and social support in
relation to the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD)
severity was investigated. One hundred thirteen patients
undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography received the Type
A structured interview (SI) and completed a battery of
psychometric tests, including the Perceived Social Support
Scale (PSSS). Statistical analyses revealed a Type by social
support interaction, such that the probability of
significant CAD was inversely related to the level of social
support for Type As but not Type Bs. Type As with low levels
of social support had more severe CAD than Type As with high
levels of social support. On the other hand, this
relationship was not present for Type Bs. These results are
consistent with the hypothesis that social support moderates
the long-term health consequences of the Type A behavior
pattern.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143764}
}
@article{fds143793,
Author = {RB Williams Jr and TL Haney and RA McKinnis and FE Harrell Jr and KL
Lee, DB Pryor and R Califf and YH Kong and RA Rosati and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Psychosocial and physical predictors of anginal pain relief
with medical management.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {48},
Number = {3-4},
Pages = {200-10},
Year = {1986},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists • Angina Pectoris •
Coronary Disease • Follow-Up Studies • Humans
• Hypochondriasis • MMPI* • Nitrates •
Sick Role* • drug therapy • psychology •
psychology* • therapeutic use},
Abstract = {This study was undertaken to identify psychosocial and
physical characteristics that independently predict anginal
pain relief. The original study group comprised over 570
patients in whom the characteristics were identified at the
time of coronary arteriography and who were followed up
after 6 months of standard medical therapy. In the subset of
382 of these patients who were assessed as having NYHA Class
III or IV angina at the time of angiography, a multivariable
analysis of 101 baseline descriptors showed that higher
scores on the MMPI hypochondriasis scale, unemployment, and
more severe right coronary occlusion were significant
independent predictors of failure to achieve two-class
improvement at follow-up. These three characteristics also
predicted continuing severe angina in a subsequent,
independent sample of 91 new patients. These findings could
help physicians select appropriate treatment by
prospectively identifying patients who are unlikely to
respond to standard medical treatment of
angina.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143793}
}
@article{fds143946,
Author = {S Herman and JA Blumenthal and T Haney and RB Williams and J
Barefoot},
Title = {Type As who think they are type Bs: discrepancies between
self-ratings and interview ratings of the type A
(coronary-prone) behaviour pattern.},
Journal = {The British journal of medical psychology},
Volume = {59 ( Pt 1)},
Pages = {83-8},
Year = {1986},
Month = {March},
ISSN = {0007-1129},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Female • Humans • MMPI
• Male • Middle Aged • Personality
Assessment* • Personality Inventory* • Type A
Personality* • psychology},
Abstract = {The study described here explored discrepancies between
self-ratings and interview ratings of Type A behaviour. A
total of 281 patients referred for diagnostic coronary
angiography underwent a comprehensive psychological
assessment including the Type A structured interview (SI),
the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and
two self-report measures of Type A behaviour, the Jenkins
Activity Survey (JAS) and the Type A Self-Rating Inventory
(TASRI). Two subgroups of patients were identified--Type A
subjects whose Type A self-ratings were consistent with the
SI classification, and subjects who obtained low self-rating
scores and yet were classified as Type A by the SI. A
comparison of the MMPI profiles showed that the discordant
Type As scored lower on MMPI scales 9 (Ma) and 4 (Pd), and
higher on scales 0 (Si), 2 (D) and F. The personality
attributes associated with this MMPI pattern are more
consistent with individual self-reports of Type A behaviour
than observer ratings during the SI.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143946}
}
@article{fds143888,
Author = {DJ Madden and JA Blumenthal and LG Ekelund and DS Krantz and KC Light and DC McKee},
Title = {Memory performance by mild hypertensives following
beta-adrenergic blockade.},
Journal = {Psychopharmacology},
Volume = {89},
Number = {1},
Pages = {20-4},
Year = {1986},
ISSN = {0033-3158},
Keywords = {Adult • Atenolol • Heart Rate • Humans •
Hypertension • Male • Memory Disorders •
Middle Aged • Propranolol • Psychomotor Disorders
• Random Allocation • Reaction Time • adverse
effects* • chemically induced • chemically
induced* • drug therapy* • physiopathology},
Abstract = {Previous experiments have reported deficits in cognitive
performance following the administration of
beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. These deficits have not
appeared consistently, however, and it is not clear from
previous studies whether changes in the central nervous
system, rather than end-organ functioning, are responsible.
The present experiment investigated the effects of beta
blockade in a memory-search paradigm that distinguished the
relatively central process of memory comparison from the
more peripheral processes of stimulus encoding and response
selection. Twenty-six adult men with mild essential
hypertension received either a placebo or a beta blocker
(atenolol or propranolol) for 2 weeks. Although beta
blockade did occur in the active drug groups, there were no
significant effects of the drugs on memory-search
performance.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143888}
}
@article{fds143769,
Author = {TJ Harbin and JA Blumenthal},
Title = {Relationships among age, sex, the type A behavior pattern,
and cardiovascular reactivity.},
Journal = {Journal of gerontology},
Volume = {40},
Number = {6},
Pages = {714-20},
Year = {1985},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0022-1422},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Aged • Blood Pressure
• Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena* •
Coronary Disease • Female • Heart Rate •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Sex Factors
• Stress, Psychological • Type A Personality*
• physiopathology • psychology},
Abstract = {Most investigations of Type A behavior and cardiovascular
responsivity have used age-homogeneous, male samples. In
this study, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure responses
were obtained from men and women, age 27 to 70, during
mental arithmetic and a visual discrimination task called
the Matching Familiar Figures test (MFF). Both tasks
produced HR deceleration in Type A women and acceleration in
Type B women, responses that decreased with age. Men's
responses were not related to Type A behavior or age.
Systolic pressure decreased in response to the MFF. This
response became larger with age in Type Bs and smaller in
Type As. Diastolic pressure also decreased during the MFF.
Response amplitude increased with age in Type Bs but was
unrelated to age in Type As. The results of this study
indicate that the relationship between cardiovascular
responding and Type A behavior is complex and may be
different for men and women and for persons of different
ages.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143769}
}
@article{fds143836,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and S Rose and JL Chang},
Title = {Anorexia nervosa and exercise. Implications from recent
findings.},
Journal = {Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)},
Volume = {2},
Number = {4},
Pages = {237-47},
Year = {1985},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0112-1642},
Keywords = {Anorexia Nervosa • Humans • Physical Exertion*
• Running • physiopathology* •
psychology},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143836}
}
@article{fds143816,
Author = {TM Dembroski and JM MacDougall and RB Williams and TL Haney and JA
Blumenthal},
Title = {Components of Type A, hostility, and anger-in: relationship
to angiographic findings.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {47},
Number = {3},
Pages = {219-33},
Year = {1985},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Anger* • Angina Pectoris • Coronary Disease •
Female • Hostility* • Humans • Male •
Myocardial Infarction • Regression Analysis • Risk
• Type A Personality* • psychology •
psychology* • radiography},
Abstract = {Previous research has linked the Type A coronary-prone
behavior pattern to angiographically documented severity of
coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). The present study sought
through component scoring of the Type A Structured Interview
(SI) to determine what elements of the multidimensional Type
A pattern are related to coronary disease severity in a
selected group of patients with minimal or severe CAD.
Multivariate analyses controlling for the major risk factors
showed no relationship between global Type A and extent of
disease. Of all attributes measured, only Potential for
Hostility and Anger-In were significantly and positively
associated with the disease severity, including angina
symptoms and number of myocardial infarctions. Further
analysis revealed that Potential for Hostility and Anger-In
were interactive in their association, such that Potential
for Hostility was associated with disease endpoints only for
patients who were high on the Anger-In dimension. These
findings support previous research in suggesting that anger
and hostility may be the critical aspects of the Type A
pattern in predisposing individuals to risk of
CAD.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143816}
}
@article{fds143878,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and S Herman},
Title = {Age differences in self-perceptions of type A
traits.},
Journal = {Journal of consulting and clinical psychology},
Volume = {53},
Number = {2},
Pages = {264-6},
Year = {1985},
Month = {April},
ISSN = {0022-006X},
Keywords = {Adult • Age Factors • Aged • Female •
Humans • Male • Middle Aged • Perception
• Self Concept* • Type A Personality*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143878}
}
@article{fds143873,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and S Herman and LC O'Toole and TL Haney and RB Williams
Jr and JC Barefoot},
Title = {Development of a brief self-report measure of the type A
(coronary prone) behavior pattern.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {29},
Number = {3},
Pages = {265-74},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Humans • Male •
Personality Tests* • Psychometrics • Risk •
Type A Personality* • psychology},
Abstract = {This study reports the development of a brief self-report
measure of the Type A behavior pattern based upon a set of
adjectives derived from the Gough Adjective Checklist (ACL).
Previous work from our laboratory established a set of
adjectives identified by experts as being relevant to the
Type A construct that subsequently was found to successfully
distinguish Type A individuals from their Type B
counterparts. In the present study, a Type A self-rating
scale based on these adjectives was found to be
significantly related to an established Type A self-report
instrument, the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS), and to an
independent behavioral rating based upon a standard
structured interview (SI). However, no measure of Type A was
related to the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) as
documented by coronary angiography. The advantages and
disadvantages of the various Type A measures are discussed
in the context of their ability to identify individuals at
risk for the development of CAD.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143873}
}
@article{fds143898,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and JD Lane and RB Williams Jr},
Title = {The inhibited power motive, type A behavior, and patterns of
cardiovascular response during the structured interview and
Thematic Apperception Test.},
Journal = {Journal of human stress},
Volume = {11},
Number = {2},
Pages = {82-92},
Year = {1985},
ISSN = {0097-840X},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1985.9936743},
Keywords = {Adult • Arousal* • Blood Pressure • Coronary
Disease • Heart Rate • Humans • Individuality
• Interview, Psychological* • Male •
Motivation* • Risk • Thematic Apperception Test*
• Type A Personality* • psychology},
Abstract = {The Type A behavior pattern and the inhibited power motive
have been implicated in the development of coronary heart
disease (CHD). Since it is widely believed that enhanced
cardiovascular responsivity may be one mechanism by which
individuals develop CHD, the present study examined the
relationship of Type A behavior and the inhibited power
motive to different patterns of cardiovascular response
during two behavioral tasks. Forty-one (24 Type A's, 17 Type
B's) male undergraduates underwent the Type A structured
interview (SI) and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
while a broad range of cardiovascular functions were
simultaneously recorded. Different patterns of
cardiovascular response were observed during the SI and TAT,
and Type A's showed a greater tendency than Type B's to
exhibit increased heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure
(SBP), and forearm blood flow (FBF) during the SI and the
preparatory phase (but not the story-telling phase) of the
TAT. The inhibited power motive was not related to enhanced
cardiovascular responsivity during the SI or TAT. The
implications of these findings for the development of CHD
are discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Doi = {10.1080/0097840X.1985.9936743},
Key = {fds143898}
}
@article{fds143810,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and LC O'Toole and T Haney},
Title = {Behavioral assessment of the type A behavior
pattern.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {46},
Number = {5},
Pages = {415-23},
Year = {1984},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Hostility • Humans • Male
• Middle Aged • Motor Activity • Personality
Tests • Psychometrics • Risk • Type A
Personality* • Verbal Behavior •
psychology*},
Abstract = {The present study attempted to assess systematically a set
of behavioral subcomponents associated with the Type A
behavior pattern. Sixty middle-aged men underwent the
structured interview (SI) and a repeated version of the SI
after a four-month interval. A high degree of interrater
reliability was established for a number of behavioral
components including speed and volume of speech, motoric
activity, expiratory sighs, response latency, interruptions,
unevenness of speech, plosive words, and potential for
hostility. In general, these behaviors were stable over the
four-month interval, although they did not all distinguish
Type As from Type Bs. Only four behaviors successfully
discriminated Type As and Bs at both interview sessions:
speed of speech, volume of speech, number of interruptions,
and potential for hostility. The results are discussed in
terms of how these behavioral subcomponents may contribute
to increased risk of premature coronary disease.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143810}
}
@article{fds143921,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and LC O'Toole and JL Chang},
Title = {Is running an analogue of anorexia nervosa? An empirical
study of obligatory running and anorexia
nervosa.},
Journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical
Association},
Volume = {252},
Number = {4},
Pages = {520-3},
Year = {1984},
Month = {July},
ISSN = {0098-7484},
Keywords = {Adult • Anorexia Nervosa • Female • Humans
• MMPI • Male • Mental Disorders •
Personality* • Running* • complications •
psychology*},
Abstract = {A recent report suggested that compulsive runners share a
common set of psychological traits and behavioral
dispositions with patients with anorexia nervosa. In an
effort to objectively assess the similarity between anorexia
nervosa and obligatory running, 43 runners and 24 patients
with anorexia nervosa completed the Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results indicated that the
obligatory runners generally scored within the normal range,
while the anorectic patients did not. The anorectic patients
obtained more pathological scores than the runners on eight
of the ten clinical subscales of the MMPI. Fifty percent of
the anorectic patients obtained elevations on three or more
of the MMPI subscales, while no runners obtained more than
two scale elevations. Depression (scale 2) and psychopathy
(scale 4) were particularly prevalent in the anorectic
group. We conclude that obligatory runners do not suffer
from the same degree of psychopathology as do patients with
anorexia nervosa.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143921}
}
@article{fds143908,
Author = {R Shalom and JA Blumenthal and RS Williams and RG McMurray and VW
Dennis},
Title = {Feasibility and benefits of exercise training in patients on
maintenance dialysis.},
Journal = {Kidney international},
Volume = {25},
Number = {6},
Pages = {958-63},
Year = {1984},
Month = {June},
ISSN = {0085-2538},
Keywords = {Adult • Combined Modality Therapy • Female •
Follow-Up Studies • Hemodynamics • Humans •
Kidney Failure, Chronic • Male • Middle Aged
• Oxygen • Peritoneal Dialysis* • Peritoneal
Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* • Physical Exertion*
• Physical Fitness • Renal Dialysis* • blood
• psychology • therapy*},
Abstract = {Fourteen of 174 patients receiving maintenance dialysis
volunteered to participate in a 12-week exercise
conditioning program. Seven patients attended more than 50%
(range, 55 to 75%) of the sessions held three times each
week. These seven patients achieved a 42% (P less than 0.05)
improvement in work capacity as assessed by maximal oxygen
consumption during treadmill testing. No changes occurred in
psychologic functioning, blood pressure control, hematocrit,
or left ventricular ejection fraction. Seven patients
attended fewer than half of the sessions (range, 1 to 38%)
and did not demonstrate improved exercise capacity.
Psychologic testing at entry revealed that those who did not
attend regularly had higher scores for hostility, anxiety,
and depression as compared to those patients who completed
the program. No other clinical variables distinguished those
who had good attendance records from those who did not. We
conclude that exercise conditioning can improve physical
work capacity in patients with chronic renal failure who are
receiving maintenance dialysis treatment. Despite this
potential benefit, the impact of exercise conditioning
programs such as this may be limited because only a small
portion of patients on maintenance dialysis are able or
willing to participate to an extent sufficient to induce
physiological changes.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143908}
}
@article{fds143862,
Author = {DD Schocken and JA Blumenthal and S Port and P Hindle and RE
Coleman},
Title = {Physical conditioning and left ventricular performance in
the elderly: assessment by radionuclide angiocardiography.},
Journal = {The American journal of cardiology},
Volume = {52},
Number = {3},
Pages = {359-64},
Year = {1983},
Month = {August},
ISSN = {0002-9149},
Keywords = {Aged • Aging • Angiocardiography* • Female
• Heart Ventricles • Humans • Male •
Physical Exertion* • Physical Fitness* •
Ventricular Function* • radionuclide
imaging},
Abstract = {In contrast to young persons, normal elderly persons who
undergo symptom-limited dynamic exercise demonstrate a
decrease in left ventricular (LV) contractile performance
characterized by a decrease in LV ejection fraction. To test
the hypothesis that physical conditioning can be achieved in
older persons and produces improvement in the
exercise-induced decrease in LV ejection fraction observed
during normal aging, we examined 24 normal elderly persons
(mean age 72.0 years) before and after a 12-week program of
physical training. The subjects had been screened for
evidence of cardiovascular disease including rest and
exercise stress electrocardiograms. All subjects underwent
rest and exercise upright sitting radionuclide
angiocardiography before and after the training program. The
subjects achieved cardiovascular training effects as
measured by increased functional capacity and decreased
double product at one-half the maximum work load attained at
the initial stress test. A significant increase occurred
after training in the cardiac index response to exercise (p
less than 0.02) and in the augmentation of the end-diastolic
volume index produced by exercise (p less than 0.05).
However, the exercise-induced decrease in LV ejection
fraction and increase in LV end-systolic volume index
remained unaltered by training. In conclusion, although
older persons can achieve overall training effects from a
program of physical conditioning, the age-associated
differences in LV contractile performance remained
unchanged. Our data suggest that deconditioning is not a
significant contributor to the decline in LV contractile
performance in the elderly.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143862}
}
@article{fds143918,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and JD Lane and RB Williams Jr and DC McKee and T Haney and A
White},
Title = {Effects of task incentive on cardiovascular response in type
A and type B individuals.},
Journal = {Psychophysiology},
Volume = {20},
Number = {1},
Pages = {63-70},
Year = {1983},
Month = {January},
ISSN = {0048-5772},
Keywords = {Behavior • Blood Pressure • Cardiovascular
Physiological Phenomena* • Coronary Disease •
Heart Rate • Humans • Male • physiology*
• psychology},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143918}
}
@article{fds143876,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and RS Williams and TL Needels and AG
Wallace},
Title = {Psychological changes accompany aerobic exercise in healthy
middle-aged adults.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {44},
Number = {6},
Pages = {529-36},
Year = {1982},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological* • Adult • Affect •
Anxiety • Female • Humans • Male •
Middle Aged • Physical Exertion* • Psychological
Tests • psychology},
Abstract = {An attempt was made to assess the effects of aerobic
exercise on the psychological functioning of a nonclinical
sample of healthy middle-aged adults. Sixteen subjects
participated in a 10-week program of regular
walking-jogging, while a matched control group maintained
their sedentary life-styles. All subjects completed a
battery of psychological tests, including the Profile of
Mood States, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a
retrospective questionnaire regarding self-perceptions of
change. Examination of test scores revealed that scores for
the exercise group almost always improved, whereas the
scores for the control group remained the same or
deteriorated. The exercisers exhibited less state and trait
anxiety, less tension, depression, and fatigue, and more
vigor than the controls. These results document the
potential utility of regular aerobic exercise in promoting
psychological health in normal adults.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143876}
}
@article{fds143795,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and DD Schocken and TL Needels and P
Hindle},
Title = {Psychological and physiological effects of physical
conditioning on the elderly.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {26},
Number = {5},
Pages = {505-10},
Year = {1982},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Keywords = {Activities of Daily Living • Aerobiosis • Age
Factors • Aged • Cardiovascular Physiological
Phenomena* • Exercise Test* • Female • Humans
• Male • Oxygen Consumption • Physical
Fitness* • Temperament • psychology*},
Abstract = {A decline in cardiovascular functioning is generally thought
to occur with advancing age. The purpose of the present
study was to assess the effects of regular aerobic exercise
on a group of 24 young-old (65-69) and old-old (70-85 yr)
volunteers. Comprehensive physiological and psychological
assessments were conducted in the one week preceding the
11-week conditioning program, and in the one-week period
following the conclusion of the program. The conditioning
program consisted of 30 min of continuous exercise on a
stationary bicycle ergometer three times weekly for 11
consecutive weeks. The results of the study document the
presence of significant training effects: subjects achieved
longer exercise times and increased exercise workloads.
Despite these changes, however, psychological changes were
generally small and nonsignificant. The present data would
appear to qualify the assumption that exercise is beneficial
for the elderly.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143795}
}
@article{fds143874,
Author = {S Herman and JA Blumenthal and GM Black and MA Chesney},
Title = {Self-ratings of type A (coronary prone) adults: do type A's
know they are type A's?},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {43},
Number = {5},
Pages = {405-13},
Year = {1981},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Behavior* • Coronary Disease • Humans • Risk
• Self-Assessment* • psychology*},
Abstract = {This study compared self-ratings and interview-band ratings
of the type A coronary-prone behavior pattern. A Type A
adjective scale was developed from the Gough-Adjective
Checklist (ACL), using adjectives rated as characteristic
and uncharacteristic of the Type A individual by a panel of
20 Type A researchers. Scores on this scale were compared
with Type A ratings based on the structural interview.
Results from a sample of 378 employed males indicate a
significant linear relationship between self-ratings of Type
A characteristics and interview-based Type A classification.
Subsequent item analysis identified a subset of adjectives
which were endorsed differentially by Type A and Type B
individuals, and a subset of descriptors which were not
differentially endorsed by the two groups. Implications of
these findings for assessment and intervention approaches to
coronary-prone behavior are discussed.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143874}
}
@article{fds143916,
Author = {RB Williams Jr and TL Haney and KL Lee and YH Kong and JA Blumenthal and RE
Whalen},
Title = {Type A behavior, hostility, and coronary
atherosclerosis.},
Journal = {Psychosomatic medicine},
Volume = {42},
Number = {6},
Pages = {539-49},
Year = {1980},
Month = {November},
ISSN = {0033-3174},
Keywords = {Coronary Disease • Female • Hostility* •
Humans • MMPI • Male • Personality* •
Sex Factors • psychology*},
Abstract = {Type A behavior pattern was assessed using the structured
interview and hostility level was assessed using a subscale
of the Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory in 424
patients who underwent diagnostic coronary arteriography for
suspected coronary heart disease. In contrast to non-Type A
patients, a significantly greater proportion of Type A
patients had at least one artery with a clinically
significant occlusion of 75% or greater. In addition, only
48% of those patients with very low scores (less than or
equal to 10) on the Hostility scale exhibited a significant
occlusion; in contrast, patients in all groups scoring
higher than 10 on the Hostility scale showed a 70% rate of
significant disease. The essential difference between low
and high scorers on the Hostility scale appears to consist
of an unwillingness on the part of the low scorers to
endorse items reflective of the attitude that others are
bad, selfish, and exploitive. Multivariate analysis showed
that both Type A behavior pattern and Hostility score are
independently related to presence of atherosclerosis. In
this analysis, however, Hostility score emerged as more
related to presence of atherosclerosis than Type A behavior
pattern. These findings confirm previous observations of
increased coronary atherosclerosis among Type A patients.
They suggest further that an attitudinal set reflective of
hostility toward people in general is over and above that
accounted for by Type A behavior pattern. These findings
also suggest that interventions to reduce the contribution
of behavioral patterns to coronary disease risk might
profitably focus especially closely on reduction of anger
and hostility.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143916}
}
@article{fds143863,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and LW Thompson and RB Williams Jr and Y
Kong},
Title = {Anxiety-proneness and coronary heart disease.},
Journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
Volume = {23},
Number = {1},
Pages = {17-21},
Year = {1979},
ISSN = {0022-3999},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Anxiety •
Coronary Angiography • Coronary Disease • Ego
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• Myocardial Infarction • Social Behavior •
psychology • psychology*},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143863}
}
@article{fds143872,
Author = {JA Blumenthal and RB Williams Jr and Y Kong and SM Schanberg and LW
Thompson},
Title = {Type A behavior pattern and coronary atherosclerosis.},
Journal = {Circulation},
Volume = {58},
Number = {4},
Pages = {634-9},
Year = {1978},
Month = {October},
ISSN = {0009-7322},
Keywords = {Adolescent • Adult • Aged • Behavior* •
Blood Pressure • Cardiac Output • Cholesterol
• Coronary Disease • Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase
• Female • Humans • Male • Middle Aged
• North Carolina • Personality • Risk •
Sex Factors • Smoking • Sympathetic Nervous System
• blood • epidemiology* •
physiopathology},
Abstract = {Previous research has demonstrated an increased rate of
clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) events among people
who exhibit a "coronary prone" (Type A) behavior pattern.
This study was undertaken to determine whether the
association between behavior pattern Type A and CHD might be
extended beyond clinical CHD events to include also the
coronary atherosclerotic process. In addition to usual
clinical evaluation, 156 consecutive patients referred for
diagnostic coronary angiography were independently assessed
on the basis of a structured interview and assigned a rating
of Type A, Type B, or Type X (indeterminate). Traditional
physiologic factors--age, sex, cholesterol and cigarette
smoking--were found to correlate with atherosclerotic
disease. Type A patients were found in increasing
proportions among groups of patients with coronary
occlusions of moderate to severe degree compared with
patients with only mild occlusions. This increasing
proportion of Type A patients with increasing disease
severity remained significant, even when age, sex, blood
pressure, serum cholesterol level and cigarette smoking
history were all simultaneously covaried. These findings
suggest that, independently of traditional risk factors,
behavior pattern Type A may contribute to the risk of
clinical CHD events via effects on the atherosclerotic
process.},
Language = {eng},
Key = {fds143872}
}
%% Books
@book{fds40286,
Author = {J.A. Blumenthal and D.C. McKee},
Title = {Applications in Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology: A
Clinician's Source Book},
Publisher = {The Professional Resource Exchange, Inc.},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40286}
}
@book{fds40287,
Author = {J.A. Blumenthal and D.S. Krantz},
Title = {Behavioral Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular
Disorders},
Publisher = {Professional Resource Exchange, Inc.},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40287}
}
@book{fds40285,
Author = {J.A. Blumenthal and Francis J. Keefe},
Title = {Assessment Strategies in Behavioral Medicine},
Publisher = {Grune and Stratton, NY},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds40285}
}
%% Chapters in Books
@misc{fds371519,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and
treatment of depression},
Pages = {145-160},
Booktitle = {Routledge Handbook of Physical Activity and Mental
Health},
Year = {2023},
Month = {May},
ISBN = {9780415782999},
Key = {fds371519}
}
@misc{fds370645,
Author = {Jiang, W and Blumenthal, JA and Wang, JT and Sherwood,
A},
Title = {Mental Stress-Induced Myocardial Ischemia: Prevalence,
Clinical Significance, and Treatment Implications},
Pages = {1107-1130},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine},
Year = {2022},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780387859590},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85960-6_46},
Abstract = {Mental stress produces myocardial ischemia in a significant
subgroup of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), with
prevalence estimates ranging from 20% to 70% in patients
with CHD. Several biobehavioral factors are involved in
mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia, including
autonomic nervous system activation, neuroendocrine
responses, and central nervous system-related pro- cesses in
multiple systems, factors that increase cardiac demand and
reduce coronary supply. Mental stress-induced myocardial
ischemia is associated with an increased risk of subsequent
poor prognosis and mortality. Both pharmacologic and
non-pharmacologic interventions targeted at reducing mental
stressinduced ischemic responses may be required in the
management of patients with CHD. More studies are needed to
identify effective interventions as well as understand the
underlying pathological pathways between the brain and the
heart.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-85960-6_46},
Key = {fds370645}
}
@misc{fds349348,
Author = {Freedland, KE and Becker, SJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Randomized clinical trials in behavioral
medicine},
Pages = {111-136},
Booktitle = {Principles and Concepts of Behavioral Medicine: A Global
Handbook},
Year = {2018},
Month = {October},
ISBN = {9780387938257},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93826-4_5},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-93826-4_5},
Key = {fds349348}
}
@misc{fds328291,
Author = {Sood, A and Alvarenga, ME and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Treatment of anxiety within the practice of
cardiology},
Pages = {935-955},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Psychocardiology},
Publisher = {Springer Singapore},
Year = {2016},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9789812872050},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-206-7_48},
Abstract = {This chapter will provide a definition of anxiety and
describe methods for assessing it within cardiac practice.
Next the epidemiology of anxiety disorders and prevalence of
anxiety disorders in cardiovascular disease will be reviewed
followed by literature on anxiety and cardiovascular
disease. Subsequently, different treatment options including
pharmacotherapy and different psychological approaches will
be evaluated. Other treatment measures discussed in this
chapter include breathing retraining, relaxation, and
exercise therapy. The chapter concludes with recommendations
for treatment of anxiety in heart disease along with future
directions for research.},
Doi = {10.1007/978-981-287-206-7_48},
Key = {fds328291}
}
@misc{fds355574,
Author = {Hoffman, BM and Sherwood, A and Blumenthal, JA and Hinderliter,
A},
Title = {Biobehavioral interventions in heart failure},
Pages = {621-648},
Booktitle = {The Handbook of Behavioral Medicine},
Year = {2014},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781118453995},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118453940.ch30},
Abstract = {Heart failure (HF) is a medical condition in which the heart
loses its ability to pump blood efficiently. This chapter
focuses on HF caused due to systolic dysfunction of the left
ventricle, which is the most common and widely studied type
of HF. It begins with an introduction to HF and its
treatment, including medical management, biomarkers of
disease severity and progression, and the effects of HF on
quality of life (QoL), written to orient the behavioral
interventionist to the complex world of HF treatment and to
illustrate the need for behavioral interventions in HF
treatment. This is followed by a review of biobehavioral HF
interventions, such as comprehensive disease management
programs, telehealth interventions and aerobic exercise
programs. Next, talk therapies, such as motivational
interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT),
are discussed. The chapter concludes with future directions
for biobehavioral interventions.},
Doi = {10.1002/9781118453940.ch30},
Key = {fds355574}
}
@misc{fds356501,
Author = {Smith, PJ and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and
treatment of depression},
Pages = {145-160},
Booktitle = {Routledge Handbook of Physical Activity and Mental
Health},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9780415782999},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203132678-19},
Abstract = {Depression is a term that refers both to a transient mood
state and a clinical syndrome or disorder. As a mood state,
depression is characterized by feeling despondent or
unhappy, while depression as a mood disorder is a persistent
set of symptoms as described in the fourth edition of the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM
IV). Specifically, major depressive disorder (MDD) is a
psychiatric condition in which diagnostic criteria require
five or more depressive symptoms, one of which must include
either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. Other
depressive symptoms include significant weight loss, sleep
changes (i.e., insomnia or hypersomnia), psychomotor
agitation or retardation, fatigue or loss of energy,
feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminished
ability to think or concentrate, and recurrent thoughts of
death. MDD is also distinguished from normal symptoms of
sadness by criteria for symptom severity and duration:
symptoms of depression must have been present during the
same twoweek period, be present all or most of the time, and
represent a change from a previous level of
functioning.},
Doi = {10.4324/9780203132678-19},
Key = {fds356501}
}
@misc{fds365922,
Author = {Blumenthal, JA and Gullette, ECD},
Title = {Psychosocial Considerations in Coronary Heart Disease:
Implications for Cardiac Rehabilitation},
Pages = {1053-1065},
Booktitle = {Lifestyle Medicine, Second Edition},
Year = {2013},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {9781466541757},
Key = {fds365922}
}
@misc{fds371020,
Author = {Ong, L and Blumenthal, JA},
Title = {Assessment of Physical Activity in Research and Clinical
Practice},
Pages = {31-48},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Behavioral Medicine},
Publisher = {Springer New York},
Year = {2010},
ISBN = {9780387094878},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09488-5_3},
Doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-09488-5_3},
Key = {fds371020}
}
@misc{fds270588,
Author = {Lett, HS and Sherwood, A and Watkins, L and Blumenthal,
JA},
Title = {Depression and prognosis in cardiac patients},
Volume = {Chapter 4},
Pages = {87-108},
Booktitle = {Depression and Physical Illness},
Publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
Editor = {Steptoe, A.},
Year = {2006},
Month = {January},
ISBN = {0521603609},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544293.005},
Abstract = {Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death
in the USA and Europe [1, 2]. In roughly half the cases, the
first clinical manifestations of CHD – myocardial
infarction (MI) or sudden death – are catastrophic. These
events are sudden, unexpected and unpredictable. The
economic cost of CHD is growing. For example, in the USA
over $130 billion is spent on CHD each year in direct
medical costs, disability payments and lost productivity
[2]. Moreover, traditional risk factors such as cigarette
smoking, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension do not account
fully for the timing and occurrence of these events.
Depression is also a major health problem. It is associated
with significant impairment of function, which may, at
times, be worse than that of chronic medical disorders [3].
Depressive symptoms have been correlated with the presence
of one or more chronic diseases [4, 5], as well as inability
to work [6], days in bed or days away from normal activities
[4], increased mortality risk [7], increased use of medical
services [8], and decreased wellbeing and lowered
functioning [3]. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most
prevalent of all psychiatric disorders, affecting up to 25%
of women and 12% of men during their lifetime [9]. Since
1950, the prevalence of depression has increased
significantly [10]. Depression is disproportionately
prevalent among cardiac patients, with estimates of MDD of
about 15% in patients following acute myocardial infarction
(AMI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and an
additional 20% with either minor depression or elevated
levels of depressive symptoms as measured by questionnaires
such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
[11–17].},
Doi = {10.1017/CBO9780511544293.005},
Key = {fds270588}
}
@misc{fds44673,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Sherwood, A. and LaCaille, L.J. and Georgiades, A. and Goyal, T.},
Title = {Lifestyle approaches to the treatment of
hypertension},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds44673}
}
@misc{fds44674,
Author = {Scales, R. and Bacon, B.L. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {The Influence of Emotional on Chronic Illness},
Booktitle = {ACSM’s Resource Manual for Guidelines for Exercise Testing
and Prescription, Fifth Edition},
Publisher = {Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania},
Editor = {Roitman, J.L.},
Year = {2005},
Key = {fds44674}
}
@misc{fds53285,
Author = {Bacon, S.L. and Watkins, L.L. and Babyak, M. and Sherwood, A. and Hayano, J. and Hinderliter, A.L. and Waugh, R.W. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Effects of daily stress on autonomic cardiac control in
coronary artery disease patients},
Journal = {American Journal of Cardiology},
Volume = {93},
Pages = {1292-1294},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds53285}
}
@misc{fds143722,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Gullette, E.C.D.},
Title = {Exercise interventions and aging: Psychological and physical
health benefits in older adults},
Booktitle = {Societal Structures and Effective Health Behavior in the
Elderly},
Publisher = {Springer Publishing Company},
Address = {New York, N.Y.},
Editor = {Leventhal, H. and Schaie, K.W. and Willis, S.L.
(Ed.)},
Year = {2002},
Key = {fds143722}
}
@misc{fds40392,
Author = {Scales, R. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Influence of emotional distress on chronic
illness},
Pages = {47-54},
Booktitle = {ACSM's Resource Manual for Guidelines for Exercise Training
and Prescription (Fourth Edition)},
Publisher = {Lippincott Williams & Wilkins},
Address = {Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},
Year = {2001},
Key = {fds40392}
}
@misc{fds40391,
Author = {Khatri, P. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Exercise},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {98-102},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Stress},
Publisher = {Academic Press},
Year = {2000},
Key = {fds40391}
}
@misc{fds40390,
Author = {Gullette, E.C.D. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Psychosocial considerations in coronary heart
disease},
Pages = {789-800},
Booktitle = {Lifestyle Medicine},
Publisher = {Blackwell Science, Inc., Malden, Massachusetts},
Editor = {J. Rippe},
Year = {1999},
Key = {fds40390}
}
@misc{fds40388,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Gullette, E.D. and Napolitano, M. and Szczepanski, R.},
Title = {Behavioral and psychosocial issues of cardiac
rehabilitation},
Pages = {162-174},
Booktitle = {Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health: A National
Consensus},
Publisher = {Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL},
Editor = {A. Leon},
Year = {1997},
Key = {fds40388}
}
@misc{fds40389,
Author = {Napolitano, M.A. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Psychosocial interventions for cardiac rehabilitation},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1-12},
Booktitle = {Psychiatry},
Publisher = {Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},
Editor = {R. Michels},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds40389}
}
@misc{fds143723,
Author = {Swoap, R.A. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Sports and psychology},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Psychiatry, Psychology and
Psychoanalysis},
Publisher = {Henry Holt & Co.},
Address = {New York, New York},
Editor = {B. Wolman (Ed.)},
Year = {1996},
Key = {fds143723}
}
@misc{fds40387,
Author = {Burnett, R. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Biobehavioral aspects of coronary artery disease:
Considerations for prognosis and treatment},
Pages = {41-55},
Booktitle = {Heart Disease and Rehabilitation},
Publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishers},
Editor = {M. Pollock and D. Schmidt},
Year = {1995},
Key = {fds40387}
}
@misc{fds40379,
Author = {Fillingim, R.B. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Psychological effects of exercise among the
elderly},
Pages = {237-253},
Booktitle = {Exercise Psychology: The Influence of Physical Exercise Upon
Psychological Stress},
Publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, New York},
Editor = {P. Seraganian},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds40379}
}
@misc{fds40382,
Author = {Fillingim, R.B. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {The use of aerobic exercise as a method of stress
management},
Pages = {443-462},
Booktitle = {Principles and Practice of Stress Management},
Publisher = {Guilford Publications, New York},
Editor = {P.M. Lehrer and R.L. Woolfolk},
Year = {1993},
Key = {fds40382}
}
@misc{fds40380,
Author = {Emery, C.F. and Burker, E.J. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Psychological and physiological effects of exercise among
older adults},
Volume = {II},
Pages = {218-238},
Booktitle = {Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics},
Publisher = {Springer Publishing Company, New York},
Editor = {K.W. Schaie},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds40380}
}
@misc{fds40381,
Author = {Fillingim, R.B. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Does aerobic exercise reduce stress responses?},
Pages = {203-217},
Booktitle = {Individual Differences in Cardiovascular Responses to
Stress},
Publisher = {Plenum Publishing Corporation},
Editor = {J.R. Turner and A. Sherwood and K.C. Light},
Year = {1992},
Key = {fds40381}
}
@misc{fds40378,
Author = {Newman, M. and Frasco, P. and Kem, F. and Greeley, W.J. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Reves, J.G.},
Title = {Central nervous system dysfunction after cardiac
surgery},
Pages = {243-284},
Booktitle = {Advances in Cardiac Surgery},
Publisher = {Mosby-Year Book, Inc.},
Editor = {R.B. Karp and H. Laks and A.S. Wechsler},
Year = {1991},
Key = {fds40378}
}
@misc{fds40375,
Author = {Riddle, M.W. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Exercise and physical fitness},
Pages = {84-91},
Booktitle = {The Complete Mind and Body Book: Total Bodycare, Vol I: Your
Health},
Publisher = {Andromeda, Oxford Ltd., Dorchester on Thames,
England},
Editor = {L.M. Wallace and J.A. Graham},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds40375}
}
@misc{fds40376,
Author = {Pinder, S.L. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Making exercise part of your life},
Pages = {92-95},
Booktitle = {The Complete Mind and Body Book: Total Bodycare, Vol. I:
Your Health},
Publisher = {Andromeda, Oxford Ltd., Dorchester on Thames,
England},
Editor = {L.M. Wallace and J.A. Graham},
Year = {1990},
Key = {fds40376}
}
@misc{fds40306,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and McCubbin, J.A.},
Title = {Physical exercise as stress management},
Pages = {303-331},
Booktitle = {The Handbook of Psychology and Health},
Publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
Editor = {A. Baum and J.E. Singer},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40306}
}
@misc{fds40307,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Exercise and aging},
Pages = {239-242},
Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Aging},
Publisher = {Springer Publishing Company},
Editor = {G. Maddox},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40307}
}
@misc{fds40324,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Kamarck, T.},
Title = {Assessment of Type A behavior},
Booktitle = {Applications in Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology: A
Clinician's Source Book},
Publisher = {Professional Resource Exchange, Inc., New
York},
Editor = {J.A. Blumenthal and D.C. McKee},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40324}
}
@misc{fds40329,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Krantz, D.S.},
Title = {Behavioral medicine in the secondary prevention of
cardiovascular disease: An overview},
Booktitle = {Behavioral Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular
Disorders},
Publisher = {Professional Resource Exchange, Inc., New
York},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40329}
}
@misc{fds40342,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Psychological assessment in cardiac rehabilitation},
Pages = {21-39},
Booktitle = {Behavioral Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular
Disorders},
Publisher = {Professional Resource Exchange, Inc.: NY,
NY},
Editor = {D.S. Krantz and J.A. Blumenthal},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40342}
}
@misc{fds40374,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Mau, H.},
Title = {Psychosocial aspects of coronary heart disease},
Pages = {385-398},
Booktitle = {Comprehensive Cardiac Care},
Publisher = {C.V. Mosby},
Editor = {K.G. Andreoli and V.H. Fowkes and D.P. Zipes and A.G.
Wallace},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds40374}
}
@misc{fds40304,
Author = {Ekelund, L.G. and Blumenthal, J.A. and Morey, M.C. and Ekelund,
C.C.},
Title = {The effect of nonselective and selective betablockade on
perceived exertion during treadmill exercise in mild
hypertensive Type A and B males and the interaction with
aerobic training},
Pages = {191-199},
Booktitle = {The Perception of Exertion in Physical Work},
Publisher = {MacMillan Press, London},
Editor = {G. Borg and D. Ottoson},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds40304}
}
@misc{fds40305,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Burg, M.B. and Roark,
S.},
Title = {Prevention of Cardiovascular Disorders},
Pages = {287-306},
Booktitle = {Handbook of Prevention},
Publisher = {Plenum Publishing Corp.},
Editor = {L. Michaelson and B. Edelstein},
Year = {1986},
Key = {fds40305}
}
@misc{fds40301,
Author = {Haney, T.L. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Stress and the Type A behavior pattern},
Booktitle = {Stress: Psychological and physiological interaction},
Publisher = {Hemisphere Publishing Co., Washington, D.C.},
Editor = {S. Burchfield},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds40301}
}
@misc{fds40302,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Relaxation therapies and biofeedback: Applications in
medical practice},
Volume = {2},
Pages = {1-13},
Booktitle = {Psychiatry},
Publisher = {J.B. Lippincott Co.},
Editor = {K.H. Brodie and J.L. Houpt},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds40302}
}
@misc{fds40303,
Author = {Castell, P.J. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Aerobic Exercise as a Treatment for Depression},
Pages = {215-228},
Booktitle = {Individual Difference in Movement},
Publisher = {MTP Press Limited},
Editor = {B. Kirkcaldy},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds40303}
}
@misc{fds40289,
Author = {Keefe, F.J. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {The life fitness program: A behavioral approach to making
exercise a habit},
Booktitle = {Behavioral Modification and Coaching: Principles,
Procedures, and Research},
Publisher = {Thomas Publishing Co.},
Editor = {D. Hrycaiko and G. Martin},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds40289}
}
@misc{fds40300,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Mau, H.},
Title = {Psychological aspects of coronary heart disease},
Booktitle = {Comprehensive Cardiac Care},
Publisher = {C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, MO},
Editor = {K.G. Andreoli and V.H. Fowkes and D.P. Zipes and A.G.
Wallace},
Year = {1983},
Key = {fds40300}
}
@misc{fds40296,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Williams, R.B.},
Title = {Coronary artery disease and Type A behavior},
Booktitle = {Behavioral Medicine in General Medical Practice},
Publisher = {Addison Wesley, Menlo Park, CA},
Editor = {P. Boudewyns and F. Keefe},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds40296}
}
@misc{fds40297,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Assessment of patients with coronary heart
disease},
Booktitle = {Assessment Strategies in Behavioral Medicine},
Publisher = {Grune & Stratton, NY},
Editor = {F.J. Keefe and J.A. Blumenthal},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds40297}
}
@misc{fds40298,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A. and Califf, R.},
Title = {Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease},
Booktitle = {NATO Symposium on Behavioral Medicine: Behavioral Treatment
of Disease},
Publisher = {Plenum Press, NY},
Editor = {R. Surwit and R.B. Williams and A. Steptoe and R.
Biersner},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds40298}
}
@misc{fds40299,
Author = {Keefe, F.J. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Behavioral Medicine: Basic principles and theoretical
foundations},
Booktitle = {Assessment Strategies in Behavioral Medicine},
Publisher = {Grune & Stratton, NY},
Editor = {F.J. Keefe and J.A. Blumenthal},
Year = {1982},
Key = {fds40299}
}
@misc{fds40294,
Author = {Williams, R.B. and Haney, T. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Psychological and physiological correlates of Type A
behavior pattern},
Booktitle = {Perspectives on Behavioral Medicine},
Publisher = {Academic Press, NY},
Editor = {S. Weiss and J.A. Herd and B.H. Fox},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds40294}
}
@misc{fds40295,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Stress},
Booktitle = {The Heart Book},
Publisher = {Delair Publishing Co., NY},
Editor = {S. Heyden},
Year = {1981},
Key = {fds40295}
}
@misc{fds40288,
Author = {Siegler, I.C. and Nowlin, J.B. and Blumenthal,
J.A.},
Title = {Health and behavior: Methodological considerations for adult
development and aging},
Booktitle = {Aging in the 1980s},
Publisher = {American Psychological Association: Washington,
D.C.},
Editor = {L. Poon},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds40288}
}
@misc{fds40290,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Thoughts on the current status of investigation of
personality patterns and coronary heart disease},
Booktitle = {Psychological Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease},
Publisher = {Columbia Press, NY},
Editor = {J. Reiffel and R. DeBellis and L.C. Mark and A.H. Kutscher and P.R.
Patterson and B. Schoenbert},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds40290}
}
%% Book Reviews
@article{fds44672,
Author = {Lett, H. and Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Till death do us part: The role of relationships in health
and disease},
Volume = {49},
Number = {13},
Booktitle = {PsycCRITIQUES},
Year = {2004},
Key = {fds44672}
}
@article{fds44671,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Warning: Anger may be hazardous to your health},
Volume = {3},
Pages = {237-238},
Booktitle = {Contemporary Psychology},
Year = {1987},
Key = {fds44671}
}
@article{fds44670,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Krantz Health Opinion Survey},
Pages = {801-803},
Booktitle = {Burros Ninth Mental Measurements Yearbook},
Publisher = {University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds44670}
}
@article{fds40260,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {The Jenkins Activity Survey},
Number = {Review #545},
Pages = {742-745},
Booktitle = {Burros Ninth Mental Measurements Yearbook},
Publisher = {University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska},
Year = {1985},
Key = {fds40260}
}
@article{fds40259,
Author = {Blumenthal, J.A.},
Title = {Anxiety and emotions: physiological basis and treatment by
Desmond Kelly},
Journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
Volume = {42},
Pages = {594-595},
Year = {1980},
Key = {fds40259}
}
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