Kenneth A. Dodge
%% Journal Articles
@article{fds271934,
Author = {Ladd, HF and Muschkin, CG and Dodge, KA},
Title = {From birth to school: Early childhood initiatives and
third-grade outcomes in North Carolina},
Journal = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
Volume = {33},
Number = {1},
Pages = {162-187},
Year = {2014},
Month = {December},
ISSN = {0276-8739},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21734},
Abstract = {This study examines the community-wide effects of two
statewide early childhood policy initiatives in North
Carolina. One initiative provides funding to improve the
quality of child care services at the county level for all
children between the ages of 0 to 5, and the other provides
funding for preschool slots for disadvantaged
four-year-olds. Differences across counties in the timing of
the rollout and in the magnitude of the state financial
investments per child provide the variation in programs
needed to estimate their effects on schooling outcomes in
third grade. We find robust positive effects of each program
on third-grade test scores in both reading and math. These
effects can best be explained by a combination of direct
benefits for participants and spillover benefits for others.
Our preferred models suggest that the combined average
effects on test scores of investments in both programs at
2009 funding levels are equivalent to two to four months of
instruction in grade 3. © 2013 by the Association for
Public Policy Analysis and Management.},
Doi = {10.1002/pam.21734},
Key = {fds271934}
}