Publications [#369333] of Daniel O. Schmitt

Papers Published

1. Garrett, SG; Simmons Muckler, VC; Schmitt, DO; Hartwell, EH; Thompson, JA; Falyar, CR, Improving Anesthesia Providers' Needle Cricothyrotomy Success With Ultrasound-Guidance: A Cadave Quality Improvement Project., AANA journal, vol. 91 no. 1 (February, 2023), pp. 15-21
   (last updated on 2025/06/15)

   Abstract:
   Difficult and failed airway management remains a significant cause of anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality. Failed airway management guidelines include performing a cricothyrotomy as a final step. Correct identification of the cricothyroid membrane (CTM) is essential for safe and accurate cricothyrotomy execution. Ten certified registered nurse anesthetists were assessed for ultrasound-guided (USG) needle cricothyrotomy competency following an online and hands-on education session using a human cadaver and then assessed 60 days later, without additional education or preparation. Both knowledge and confidence improved significantly when assessed immediately after education (P < .05) and were maintained when assessed 60 days later. Overall skill performance declined slightly from post-training although the decline was not statistically significant (P = .373). Overall needle placement time and distance from the CTM improved, despite improper transducer and image orientation by most participants. A one-hour hybrid educational program can significantly improve ultrasound and cricothyrotomy knowledge and confidence for 60 days. Transducer orientation may not be a significant contributor to performing proper USG needle cricothyrotomy.