Publications of Nicholas W. Carnes    :chronological  alphabetical  combined  bibtex listing:

Books

1. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, The Economic Backgrounds of Politicians, vol. 26 (June, 2023), pp. 253-270 [doi]  [abs].
2. Carnes, N, THE CASH CEILING: WHY ONLY THE RICH RUN FOR OFFICE- AND WHAT WE CAN DO ABOUT IT (January, 2018), pp. 1-322  [abs].
3. Nicholas Carnes, White-collar Government: The Hidden Role of Class in Economic Policy Making (November, 2013), University of Chicago Press .

Chapters in Books

1. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, What good is a college degree? Education and leader quality reconsidered, Journal of Politics, vol. 78 no. 1 (January, 2016), pp. 35-49, University of Chicago Press [doi]  [abs].

Papers Published

1. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, Are There Social Class Gaps in Nascent Political Ambition? Survey Evidence from the Americas, Journal of Politics, vol. 87 no. 4 (October, 2025), pp. 1533-1545 [doi]  [abs].
2. Carnes, N; Henderson, GL, Not Getting the Message on Climate? Attention as a Key Barrier to Mass-Marketing Experimentally-Validated Messages, British Journal of Political Science, vol. 55 (August, 2025) [doi]  [abs].
3. Carnes, N; Ferrer, J; Golden, M; Lillywhite, E; Lupu, N; Nazrullaeva, E, The Global Legislators Database: Characteristics of National Legislators in the World's Democracies, British Journal of Political Science, vol. 55 (February, 2025) [doi]  [abs].
4. Bartels, LM; Carnes, N, House Republicans were rewarded for supporting Donald Trump's 'stop the steal' efforts., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 120 no. 34 (August, 2023), pp. e2309072120 [doi]  [abs].
5. Broockman, DE; Carnes, N; Crowder-Meyer, M; Skovron, C, Why Local Party Leaders Don't Support Nominating Centrists, British Journal of Political Science, vol. 51 no. 2 (April, 2021), pp. 724-749 [doi]  [abs].
6. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, The white working class and the 2016 election, Perspectives on Politics, vol. 19 no. 1 (March, 2021), pp. 55-72 [doi]  [abs].
7. Hansen, ER; Carnes, N; Gray, V, What Happens When Insurers Make Insurance Laws? State Legislative Agendas and the Occupational Makeup of Government, State Politics and Policy Quarterly, vol. 19 no. 2 (June, 2019), pp. 155-179 [doi]  [abs].
8. Carnes, N; Holbein, J, Do public officials exhibit social class biases when they handle casework? Evidence from multiple correspondence experiments., PloS one, vol. 14 no. 3 (January, 2019), pp. e0214244 [doi]  [abs].
9. Carnes, N, Adam Smith would be spinning in His Grave: Government by the rich in the United States, Forum Germany, vol. 15 no. 1 (April, 2017), pp. 151-165, WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH [doi]  [abs].
10. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, Do voters dislike working-class candidates? Voter biases and the descriptive underrepresentation of the working class, American Political Science Review, vol. 110 no. 4 (November, 2016), pp. 832-844, Cambridge University Press (CUP) [doi]  [abs].
11. Carnes, N; Hansen, ER, Does paying politicians more promote economic diversity in legislatures?, American Political Science Review, vol. 110 no. 4 (November, 2016), pp. 699-716, Cambridge University Press (CUP) [doi]  [abs].
12. Carnes, N, White-collar government in the United States, Swiss Political Science Review, vol. 21 no. 2 (June, 2015), pp. 213-221, WILEY [doi] .
13. Bellemare, MF; Carnes, N, Why do members of congress support agricultural protection?, Food Policy, vol. 50 (January, 2015), pp. 20-34, Elsevier BV [doi]  [abs].
14. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, Rethinking the comparative perspective on class and representation: Evidence from latin america, American Journal of Political Science, vol. 59 no. 1 (January, 2015), pp. 1-18 [doi]  [abs] [author's comments].
15. Carnes, N; Sadin, ML, The "mill worker's son" heuristic: How voters perceive politicians from working-class families-And how they really behave in office, Journal of Politics, vol. 77 no. 1 (January, 2015), pp. 285-298, University of Chicago Press [doi]  [abs].
16. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, Rethinking the comparative perspective on class and representation: Evidence from Latin America, Working Paper of the Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies, vol. 59 no. 394 (November, 2013), pp. 1-33, WILEY [doi]  [abs].
17. Arnold, RD; Carnes, N, Holding Mayors Accountable: New York's Executives from Koch to Bloomberg, American Journal of Political Science, vol. 56 no. 4 (October, 2012), pp. 949-963, WILEY [doi]  [abs].
18. Nicholas Carnes, Does the Numerical Underrepresentation of the Working Class in Congress Matter?, Legislative Studies Quarterly, vol. 37 no. 1 (January, 2012), pp. 5-34, WILEY [pdf], [doi]  [abs].

Papers Submitted

1. Nicholas Carnes, Who Votes for Inequality? (2013)  [abs] [author's comments].
2. Marc F. Bellemare and Nicholas Carnes, Why Do Members of Congress Support Agricultural Protection? (2013)  [abs] [author's comments].
3. Nicholas Carnes, Is Working-class Representation a Threat to Women and Minorities? (2013)  [abs] [author's comments].
4. Nicholas Carnes, Why Are There So Few Working-class People in Political Office? Evidence from State Legislatures (2013) .
5. Nicholas Carnes and John Holbein, Don’t Take It Personally: Affluence, Influence, and Prejudice (2013)  [abs] [author's comments].
6. Nicholas Carnes and Meredith L. Sadin, The Other John Edwards Lie: How Voters Perceive Politicians from Working-class Families--and How They Really Behave in Office (2013)  [abs] [author's comments].

Op-eds

1. Nicholas Carnes, We Need Blue-Collar Candidates, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (October 10, 2013), Raleigh News and Observer (October 10, 2013), Contra Costa Times (October 11, 2013), Oakland Tribune (October 11, 2013), Newark Star-Ledger (October 15, 2013), and Detroit Free Press (October 17, 2013) (October, 2013) .
2. Nicholas Carnes, How Poorer Politicians can Shatter the Cash Ceiling, Bangor Daily News (October 1, 2013) .
3. Nicholas Carnes and Noam Lupu, Como Afecta el Gobierno de los Privilegiados a la Democracia?, Condistintosacentos (September 15, 2013) .
4. Nicholas Carnes, A Tax Reform Plan that Rewards the Wealthy and Stalls the State, Raleigh News and Observer (January 25, 2013) .
5. Nicholas Carnes, Which Millionaire Are You Voting For?, The New York Times Sunday Review (October 13, 2012) .

Book Reviews

1. Nicholas Carnes, Book Review: The Not-So-Special Interests: Interest Groups, Public Representation, and American Governance, American Review of Politics (Summer, 2013) .

Other

1. Nicholas Carnes, “normal.survey,” “logit.survey,” “probit.survey,” “gamma.survey,” and “poisson.survey” (survey-weighted regression estimation procedures), Zelig: Everyone’s Statistical Software (Kosuke Imai, Gary King, and Olivia Lau) (2008)  [author's comments].

Published Policy Briefs and Comments

1. Nicholas Carnes and David Broockman, The Promise of Union Programs that Recruit and Support Workers to Run for Public Office, SSN Basic Facts (August, 2013) .
2. Nicholas Carnes and Noam Lupu, How Government by the Privileged Distorts Democracies, SSN Key Findings (July, 2013) .
3. Nicholas Carnes and John Holbein, Are Politicians Prejudiced Against the Poor?, SSN Key Findings (January, 2013) .
4. Nicholas Carnes, The Cash Ceiling, SSN Forum on Money in Politics (2013) .
5. Nicholas Carnes, Economic Inequality and White-collar Government, States, Power, and Societies, vol. 17 no. 2 (July, 2012) .
6. Nicholas Carnes, How Government by the Privileged Distorts Economic Policy, SSN Key Findings (January, 2012) .

Book Chapter

1. Carnes, N, Inequality, or Invisibility and Inaccuracy? How Local Newspapers Cover the Occupational Backgrounds of Congressional Incumbents and Challengers, in Accountability Reconsidered Voters Interests and Information in US Policymaking (January, 2023), pp. 150-172 [doi]  [abs].
2. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, Working-Class Officeholding in the OECD, in Unequal Democracies Public Policy Responsiveness and Redistribution in an Era of Rising Economic Inequality (January, 2023), pp. 177-195 [doi]  [abs].
3. Carnes, N; Lupu, N, What Do Voters Think about the Descriptive Underrepresentation of the Working Class?, in Contested Representation Challenges Shortcomings and Reforms (January, 2022), pp. 165-184 [doi]  [abs].
4. Carnes, N, Who votes for inequality?, in Congress and Policy Making in the 21st Century (February, 2016), pp. 106-134, Cambridge University Press [doi] .