Publications [#254404] of Keith E. Whitfield

Journal Articles

1. Kozlowski, LT; Pillitteri, JL; Sweeney, CT; Whitfield, KE; Graham, JW (1996). Asking questions about urges or cravings for cigarettes. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 10(4), 248-260. [doi]
   (last updated on 2017/07/31)

   Abstract:
   Smokers (N = 116) were administered the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU; S.T. Tiffany and D.J. Drobes, 1991) to explore the measurement of drug urges or cravings. Confirmatory factor analysis replicated the 2-factor structure, using the 6 best items on each of the QSU factors, although further analyses indicated that 1 conceptual factor may be a better fit. Three different categories of internally consistent items were identified within the QSU: urges to smoke, expectancies from smoking, and intentions to smoke. Path-modeling techniques were used to demonstrate patterns of interrelationships among these categories. Despite the widespread criticism of single-item scales, the present approach indicated that they are useful. In this sample, a 2-item or 3-item 'desire' scale effectively measured urges to smoke. Complex scales can obscure the direct measurement of urges or cravings for a cigarette.